Q&A

There are many question about out products. These are the answers for it.

TOHO9000 Frequently Asked Technical Questions

1. Why engine oil is important for the engine?

The main role of engine oil is to reduce friction, and thus reduce engine wear and tear of every part of the engine. The oil circulation inside the engine is similar to the blood flow in the human body. Once the oil has deteriorated or oxidized, serious problems of engine productivity will develop.

A. The 7 Roles Of Good Engine Oil

Can a car run without engine oil? Why does it need engine oil? Have you ever carried such doubts? Well, the answer is: yes, the car can still run without engine oil. But it cannot run continuously without it. Once you turn on the engine and start to run the car without engine oil, it will soon stop running. Engine oil plays the important role of ensuring that the car runs smoothly.

1. Reduces Friction
The cylinder, piston ring and transmission gear rub against each other while they move, and the oil goes into the space between these parts to separate the contacting surfaces by forming an oil film thus allowing smooth movement. As the surfaces do not come into direct contact, energy loss due to friction and heat generation can be reduced.

2. Prevents Frictional Wear
As you know, the car engine has many metallic parts. No matter how smooth it may seem, the metallic surface is actually very rough when magnified. What will happen when such surfaces directly rub against each other? They will grind each other away. Oil comes in between 2 rubbing surfaces not only to smoothen their movement, but also to prevent the grinding and friction between them. By the way, for an engine running a 3,000 revolution/minute (120 km/h at top gear), the piston and cylinder can slide as fast as 12 m/s. Without the presence of engine oil, the frictional wear will be extensive and the engine will soon breakdown.

3. Cooling Effect
Engine is moved by the explosions in the combustion chamber, the temperature then may go up to extreme temperatures of 2,000~3,000 C. The piston piston is exposed to such extremes. But for most vehicles, it is made from an aluminum alloy, which melts at about 600 C. This means that it is necessity for a 1,500 C cooling down. This is where the engine oil comes into action. The oil is sprayed onto the reverse side of the piston to cool it down to below the melting point (300 C at the head, 130 C at the bottom.) Without engine oil, the piston would have melted and damaged the engine casing.

4. Cooling Effect
Engine is moved by the explosions in the combustion chamber, the temperature then may go up to extreme temperatures of 2,000~3,000 C. The piston piston is exposed to such extremes. But for most vehicles, it is made from an aluminum alloy, which melts at about 600 C. This means that it is necessity for a 1,500 C cooling down. This is where the engine oil comes into action. The oil is sprayed onto the reverse side of the piston to cool it down to below the melting point (300 C at the head, 130 C at the bottom.) Without engine oil, the piston would have melted and damaged the engine casing.

5. Prevent Rust
The interior of the engines is not a vacuum, but contains water vapour, and air is allowed to enter it. Besides this, the engine parts are all metal. The presence of these factors leads to the fear for rust. This also applies to other parts like the transmission and differential gears. To prevent rust, it is sufficient to just keep out air contacts to the furthest extent. Engine oil plays a part in this aspect. It protects the metallic surface from moisture in the air by leaving behind a thin coating film after one circulation due to its appropriate viscosity.

6. Cleans the Interior
The engine is exposed to many kinds of dirt. To begin with, soot and cinder (heavy compounds formed from incomplete combustion) develops in the combustion chamber from gasoline and light oil explosions. Besides these, the intrusion of dirt and dust that went through the air filter is also possible. These dirt will damage the engine, obstruct oil flow, and lower the efficiency and durability of the engine extensively. Furthermore, minutes metallic composites may also develop in the transmission and differential parts.

7. Neutralize Acids
The sludge that forms in both gasoline and diesel engines contains organic acids and nitrates. Acids are also produced within the diesel engine. When the minute amount of sulphur in the light oil is combusted, part of it becomes sulphuric acid, which is the most difficult to deal with.

B. The 3 States of Oil Degradation

Engine oil plays a major and arduous role of protecting the car from engine trouble. Thus it will wear out after being used over and over again. Since oil has no self recovery abilities, there are no other ways but to change it. It is necessary to change it once you feel that it starts to degrade in order to maintain the best car conditions.

1. The Additives Wear Out
Many type of additives are being added to the engine oil to supplement it with properties it lacks. Such additives do wear out. The cleansing/breakdown additive, especially, wears out most vigorously. When this additive weakens in strength, the capability of the oil to breakdown sludge, dirt, water content, etc. is lowered. The other additives will also follow and slowly lose their efficiency.

2. The Oil Itself becomes Oxidized
Oil is composed of base oil and additives. Similar to additives, base oil also degrades. To prevent the base oil from degrading, "oxidation preventing" additives are added. However, through prolonged use, these additives degrades and basic properties such as the viscosity and chemical stability of the base oil oxidized and the base oil simply degrades.

3. The Oil becomes Soiled
Oil becomes soiled by the intrusion of sludge, dirt, water contents, etc., and the oxidizing products in the engine oil itself. Foreign impurities, especially, product such levels of dirt that are visible to the naked eye during separation tests. Such impurities are the main culprits of engine troubles.

C. The 7 Requirements For GooKeep the appropriate degree of viscosityd Engine Oil

1.
The higher the viscosity index, the better the oil can serve its purposes. When it is viscous, it can come between 2 rubbing surfaces to keep them apart, and it also has effective sealing effects. On the other hand, however, viscous oil coagulates and becomes sticky under low temperatures, thus posing resistance to the motion of the main parts, causing energy loss and negative effects. Therefore, an ideal oil should have a low viscosity when the temperature is low during the initial start, and high viscosity when the temperature is high during high speed running. But the property of oil is exactly opposite. It is necessary for a good oil to bring this property as close as possible to the ideal state.

2. Durable to heat
It is the fate of the oil to be oxidized by the oxygen in the atmosphere through chemical reactions under high temperatures and degrade. Degradation causes the production of sludge and leads to engine trouble. Hence a good oil should avoid this ill fate. The oxidation-resistant property at high temperatures is dependent on the appropriate combination of base oil and additives (anti-oxidation additive).

3. High cleansing capabilities
There are all kinds of sludge deposits within the engine. When they are in small amounts, they can be broken down within the oil itself, but when they are in large amounts, and if the oil does not possess self-cleansing effects, the sludge will deposit in all other parts, causing engine trouble. To assure the oil of such cleansing effects, the cleansing dissociation additive is added to it. The problem now lies in the quality of the additive. The cleansing/dissociation additive has cleansing effects that will clear the sludge deposits from the grooves of piston rings and the effects of a dissociation additive that breaks down the sludge in the oil to leave behind no residue. The cleansing/dissociation property of the highest class of the API proves to be far better than that of the SG class.

4. Prevents wear and tear
In the past, leaded gasoline was used in engine. For leaded gasoline, the lead content mingles with the burning gas sprayed onto the oil pan from the combustion chamber, and this not only causes the surface pressure between camshaft-tapped surfaces and the camshaft-rocker arm surfaces to go high, but also increases the use of the high speed revolution sector of the engine. These factors causes the prominent wear of such parts.

5. Neutralizes acids
The corrosive acids produced when oil degradation occurs are great enemies of the engine. It is especially necessary to neutralize the sulphuric acid, and the organic acids and nitrates (NOX) in the sludge from the diesel engine as swiftly as possible. This is also where the cleansing/dissociation additive plays a major role.

6. Prevents rust and corrosion
The interior of the engines is always contaminated by corrosive substances and moisture. They corrode the engine and cause rust. Hence it is required of the oil to have anti-corrosion and anti-rust properties. These properties are provided by additives.

7. Prevents formation of bubbles
Engine oil gets stirred and churned up by the crankshaft in the crank case and is always exposed to high temperatures. The oil will thus develop bubbles just like bubbled forming when water is stirred or boiled. These bubbles are trouble-causing and they dislodge the oil film, leading to engine trouble. Therefore a good oil should be one where bubble formation is difficult and formed bubbles will be promptly removed. This is ensured by adding the bubble-removing additive.

2. Why is it difficult to switch on ignition in the morning?

At the end of the day, when your car stays idle, ordinary engine oil will flow down to the bottom part of the engine. Because of the poor adhesion and cohesion in the tradition oil, it gives very little lubrication in your combustion engine especially piston and cylinder. That is why the ignition is very difficult. Moreover, certain degrees of friction wear and tear will shorten the lifespan of the engine.

Unlike conventional oil, TOHO ENGINE OIL particles can penetrate deep into the internal metal parts of the engine, provides a protective coating, reduces engine wear and tear especially on piston and cylinder and at the same time giving easy ignition.

3. Why is it after a period of time, there is increased noise from your engine, even it is relatively new car?

A new car engine will be running quietly and smoothly, less fuel consumption, therefore driving become much more pleasurable. However, after a period of time, the engine noise increases extensively, frictional resistance of engine causes mental stress to the driver, followed by increase of fuel consumption. These are warning signs of side effects indicating that the engine oil has deteriorated and oxidized which leads to further frictional damage, loss in viscosity, excess emission and reduction in the lifespan of the engine.

4. What causes black smoke emission within diesel engines?

The most obvious characteristic of a diesel engine is that it uses kerosene as fuel. As you know, it employs the mechanism whereby the fuel is directly sprayed and lighted in a high pressure & high temperature (approximately 500C) atmosphere. Hence it can use the cheaper kerosene because it does not need to vaporize the fuel, as opposed to gasoline engines which use gasoline. However, there is major problem in using kerosene that the sulphur contents in the kerosene burns to product sulphuric acids as part of the products, and the acid corrodes the major parts in the engine. Therefore, diesel engines requires special-purpose oils with reinforced acid-neutralizing properties.

As TOHO ENGINE OIL is a high-tech superb engine oil treatment for base oil, it can provide special characteristics i.e. "Durable to heat", "Acid proof", "Cooling Agent", "High cleansing capabilities", "Disperses oil impurities" and "Long lasting neutralizing effect". Once diesel engine uses TOHO ENGINE OIL, it will reduce black smoke emission for more than two thirds, thus avoiding unnecessary black smoke pollution and other related traffic offences. There will also be a great decline in the disposal of used oil. Gathering the above unique characteristics, TOHO ENGINE OIL represents tremendous reduction in maintenance cost and great value for money.

5. Why is it necessary to change oil filter during every car servicing?

The most obvious characteristic of a diesel engine is that it uses kerosene as fuel. As you know, it employs the mechanism whereby the fuel is directly sprayed and lighted in a high pressure & high temperature (approximately 500C) atmosphere. Hence it can use the cheaper kerosene because it does not need to vaporize the fuel, as opposed to gasoline engines which use gasoline. However, there is major problem in using kerosene that the sulphur contents in the kerosene burns to product sulphuric acids as part of the products, and the acid corrodes the major parts in the engine. Therefore, diesel engines requires special-purpose oils with reinforced acid-neutralizing properties.

As TOHO ENGINE OIL is a high-tech superb engine oil treatment for base oil, it can provide special characteristics i.e. "Durable to heat", "Acid proof", "Cooling Agent", "High cleansing capabilities", "Disperses oil impurities" and "Long lasting neutralizing effect". Once diesel engine uses TOHO ENGINE OIL, it will reduce black smoke emission for more than two thirds, thus avoiding unnecessary black smoke pollution and other related traffic offences. There will also be a great decline in the disposal of used oil. Gathering the above unique characteristics, TOHO ENGINE OIL represents tremendous reduction in maintenance cost and great value for money.

6. Why is it necessary to change oil filter during every car servicing?

It is invisible to the naked eye, even though the engine oil begin to deteriorate and oxidize.

i When do we need to change engine oil?
Conventional engine oil supposed to protect and lubricate all engine parts. It will wear out after
prolonged use, making it necessary to change it periodically to maintain optimum engine performance.

ii Conventional engine oil is prone to oxidation.
Engine oil is made of base oil plus ordinary additives, they are similar to normal synthetic oil.
Through experiment conducted by a Japan oil specialist, when the vehicle is moving or stay idle,
once the engine oil is mixed with the air inside the oil tank, the base oil will become oxidized.

iii The oil becomes soiled.
Oil become soiled by the intrusion of sludge, dirt, water contents, etc., and the oxidizing products
in the engine oil itself. Foreign impurities, especially, produce such levels of dirt that are only
visible to the naked eye during separation test. Such impurities are the main culprit of engine troubles.

7. Why is it after some time there is a decrease in horsepower?

When vehicle travels for more than 5,000 km, engine oil starts to deteriorate and lose its lubrication
effect and the internal metal parts will begin to rust and corrode. Furthermore, engine piston and
valves, after being subjected to countless rubbing and high temperatures (2,000C to 3,000C) will result
in a rough valve surface, expansion of piston ring, increase in fuel consumption, loss in horsepower as
compared previously. The condition will worsen if the problem is not rectified, thus affecting the engine
operation. These are the side effects caused by using traditional engine oil which they totally cannot
solve these problems for the motorists.

TOHO ENGINE OIL has a strong, cleansing ability and it can dissolve and disperse impurities existing in
the engine tank. After using TOHO ENGINE OIL for more than 10,000 to 15,000km, it will eliminate the
sludge gathered around the metal parts, It will result in a smooth engine performance and increase in
horsepower, leading to reductions in fuel consumption and engine noise. TOHO ENGINE OIL will provide
significant improvement in engine performance.

8. Why does the engine oil itself become oxidized and turn acidic?

The sludge that forms in both gasoline and diesel engines contains organic acids and nitrates. Acids
are also produced within the diesel engine. When the minute amount of sulphur in light oil is combusted,
part of it becomes sulphuric acid, which is the most difficult to deal with.
The corrosive acids produced when oil degradation occurs are great enemies of the engine. It is especially
necessary to neutralize the sulphuric acid, and the organic acids and nitrates (NOX) in the sludge from
the diesel engine as swiftly as possible. This is also where the cleansing/dissociation additive plays
a major role.

Besides, anything expose to the air will tend to be oxidized especially metal components.

For example, just like the coconut milk that we consume. If the milk is exposed to the heat and moisture
for a short period of time without proper handling, it will immediately oxidize and turn acidic.

Therefore, the characteristics of TOHO hi-tech engine oil for strong resistance to oxization and
nuetralizing acid played an important part in prolonging the usage of the engine oil.

9. What causes the interior of the engine to rust and corroder?

The interior of the engine is not a vacuum, but contains water vapour and when air enters, the
presence of moisture inside the engine oil tank will lead to rust and corrosion of all the metal
parts.

TOHO ENGINE OIL is a highly viscous liquid and consists of micro-particles which can penetrate all
tiny parts of the engine and form an oil film with extraordinary adhesive power over metallic
surfaces to prevent abrasion and corrosion.

10. What are the characteristics of a good engine oil to enable a long term functionality of the engine?

Reduce black smoke emission tremendously (Diesel Engine)

Durable to heat (220C & above)

Act as a cooling agent

Acid-Proof

Keep the appropriate degree of viscosity

High cleansing capabilities

Disperses oil impurities

Separates water and oil

Prevents corrosion and rust

Strong resistant to oxidization

Special penetration effect

Presently, all the traditional oils do not consist all the above qualities. However, TOHO ENGINE
OIL meets and exceeds all the above requirements. TOHO ENGINE OIL is suitable to be used in all
different types of engines. It will never evaporate or frozen-up even under severe weathers (-21C
to -45C) [Conventional oil will harden up at -10C]

In view of the above unique characteristics, we are very sure that TOHO ENGINE OIL will give
tremendous value for money especially considering its long term benefits which far outstretch
the initial outlay.

11. Why engine oil should also act as a claning agent?

The engine is exposed to many kind of dirt. To begin with, soot and cinder (heavy compounds formed
from incomplete combustion) develops in the combustion chamber from gasoline and light oil
explosions. Besides these, the instruction of dirt and dust that went through the air filter
is also possible. These dirt will damage the engine, obstruct oil flow, and lower the efficiency
and durability of the engine extensively. Furthermore, minute composites may also develop in the
transmission and differential parts.

When new cars travel certain distances, engine oil becomes soiled by the intrusion of sludge, dirt,
water contents, etc., and oxidizing products in the engine oil itself. Foreign impurities,
especially, product such levels of dirt that are visible to the naked eye during separation tests.
Such impurities are the main culprits of engine troubles.

TOHO ENGINE OIL consists very high cleansing capabilities, this fine quality cleansing/dissociation
additive has cleansing effects that will clear the sludge deposits form the grooves of piston rings
and the effects of a dissociation additive that breaks down the sludge in the oil to leave behind
no residue.

TOHO ENGINE OIL washes away the impurities while it circulates and within itself, break them down,
thus play a part in keeping the engine oil clean at all times. Engine parts able to sustain its
efficiency and provide a long-lasting lifespan.

12. What is the engine revolution per minute when the car is moving?

As you know, the car engine has many metallic parts. No matter how smooth it may seem, the
metallic surface is actually very rough when magnified. What will happen when such surfaces
directly rub against each other? They will grind each other away. Oil comes in between 2 rubbing
surfaces not only to smoothen their movement, but also to prevent the grinding and friction
between them. By the way, for an engine running at 3,000 revolution/minute (120 km/h at top gear),
the piston and cylinder can slide as fast as 12 m/s. Without the presence of engine oil, the
frictional wear will be extensive and the engine will soon breakdown.

13. What is the engine temperature when the car is moving?

Engine is moved by the explosions in the combustion chamber, the temperature then may go up to
extreme temperatures of 2,000C - 3,000C. The piston is exposed to such extremes. But for most
vehicles, it is made from an aluminum alloy, which melts at about 600C. This means that is a
necessity for a 1,500C cooling down. This is where the engine oil comes into action.

The oil is sprayed onto the reverse side of the piston to cool it down to below the melting point
(300C at the head, 130C at the bottom). If the engine oil does not consist of cooling effect,
when there is a traffic congestion, the interior engine will be heated up immediately. It will
affect the car from running smoothly and shorten the lifespan of the engine. Without engine oil,
the piston would have melted and damaged the engine casing.

14. Is it suitable to use TOHO Engine Oil for all types of weather?

Yes, TOHO ENGINE OIL will not change its viscosity when there is a change in weather, for instance,
under cold weather, TOHO ENGINE OIL will not harden or frozen up (-21C to -45C) when the car is
running at high speed and in a very hot weather, it will still sustain its viscosity. The engine
oil will not evaporate easily or thin down to a watery stage (withstand heat up to 220C).

Thus, after using TOHO ENGINE OIL, it will provide a suitable viscosity near perfection quality.
Yes, TOHO ENGINE OIL will not change its viscosity when there is a change in weather, for instance,
under cold weather, TOHO ENGINE OIL will not harden or frozen up (-21C to -45C) when the car is
running at high speed and in a very hot weather, it will still sustain its viscosity. The engine
oil will not evaporate easily or thin down to a watery stage (withstand heat up to 220C).
Thus, after using TOHO ENGINE OIL, it will provide a suitable viscosity near perfection quality.

15. How to replace the existing engine oil with TOHO Engine Oil?

Please follow "Direction of Use" instructions carefully:

Drain the existing engine oil and remove the used oil filter

Replace with TOHO Engine Oil and new oil filter. For vehicle with 50,000 km mileage
or more, flushing of engine is recommended.

Warm up engine for 10 to 15 minutes before driving.

Check engine oil level regularly and replenish with TOHO engine oil.

Dispose waste oil and container responsibly.

Note the following precautions:
1. For new car application?
TOHO ENGINE OIL can be applied to a new car upon achieving 1,000 km after first servicing which
is scheduled by the dealer.
2. Flushing of engine is not required unless it has not been started for a long period of
time.
3. Do not use TOHO ENGINE OIL with old engine oil.
4. Regularly check engine oil level and replenish oil loss with normal engine oil because
normal engine oil will evaporate.
CAUTION: Avoid skin and eye contact. If swallowed, seek medical advise.

To help you understand oil better, here are the answers to the questions we're most frequently asked.

Why is an engine oil's ability to cleanse important?

Keeping engine components clean is essential as it keeps them in good
condition. If your engine components are dirty, old engine oil may not be
lubricating and protecting the engine properly. Dirt build-up can
also lead to premature engine damage. TOHO9000 supported engine oils are
designed to clean and protect engines for improved performance by extending the oils life.

Why is the choice of engine oil so important?

Oil is the life force of your car. If an incorrect kind is used, the
engine is at risk of increased wear and corrosion. Formation of
blockages can also lead to engine seizure. By putting TOHO9000
oil in the engine, you can carry on motoring with confidence and complete satifaction.

How does oil protect my engine?

In many ways:

By cleaning the engine - Motor oils are designed to clear away dirt,
debris and deposits from engine components and to prevent blockages in
important oil ways. The oil helps to lock up the dirt and render it
harmless until it is removed at the next oil change.

By reducing friction and minimising wear - Most motor oils form a
protective film over engine components and have special additives
that act between the moving surfaces to prevent contact and reduce
drag. This helps your engine to operate as quietly and effectively
as the designers intended.

By removing heat - Motor oils carry heat away from hot areas,
such as around the piston rings where the temperature can reach up
to 320Â°C, and redistribute it around the engine.

By preventing corrosion and rust - Motor oils help to protect
your hard-working engine components from corrosion beyond the normal
oil-change interval. Benchmarking studies show that Motor oil and TOHO9000
provides outstanding protection and help to extend your engine's life
and avoid some expensive repairs.

What is engine oil made from?

Engine oils are made up from three important ingredients - base oils,
viscosity modifiers and performance additives. In engine oils,
these are carefully selected and skilfully blended to enable the oil to
provide Shell's maximum engine protection.

Is it important to change oil and how often should I do this?

You should change your oil and filter at or before the end of oil-change
intervals indicated by your vehicle manufacturer. These are based on
distance travelled or time. Regular oil changing helps to keep your
engine oil in good condition and provide the best protection for all of
your engine components.

How should I dispose of used oil?

Used oil is highly toxic and must never be disposed of with domestic
waste. It's illegal to pour used oil into the sewage network. Put your
used oil in a sealed container, label it, then take it to your local
council recycling/refuse centre for disposal.

Why is there a range of engine oils and how do I know which one to choose?

Car-owner handbooks will give you a minimum oil specification. However,
you may wish to trade up to a better specification engine oil. Choosing
the correct engine oil for a vehicle depends on:

the car's type - a high-performance car needs higher performance oil.

the car's age - a lot is expected from new technology engines: high
performance coupled with fuel efficiency. Advanced oils have been
developed to help keep pace with increased engineering demands. For
example, modern cars have blow-by-gas recirculation that can cause
extreme oxidation in old-technology oils and sensitive exhaust gas
after-treatment devices that can be poisoned by inappropriate oils.

You may prefer one of our application-based products, such as
Shell Helix HX7 K, which is specifically designed for cars that
have been driven more than 100,000 km.

To find the right oil for you quickly and easily, try our Shell
LubeMatch tool.

Will I really notice the difference if I don't make frequent oil changes?

Not changing your oil on a regular basis can significantly reduce the level
of protection provided against engine wear and tear. Engine oil acts as a reservoir
for all kinds of by-products that form when the fuel burns, including soot,
sludge, water and acidic material, as well as unburned and partially burned
fuel. At the same time, the stress placed on the oil during engine operation
gradually depletes the components that determine the oil's performance.
Refreshing the oil on a regular basis ensures that the right balance of
components is present in the oil. TOHO9000 reduces the frequency of oil changes.

It also removes waste materials that might otherwise result in increased
deposit formation, corrosion of metal components and increased wear. TOHO9000 reduces
the clump sizes dramatically.

Why not just keep topping up the engine oil?

Simply topping up your oil puts more stress on the older oil that remains
in the engine. And this stress issue has become worse in recent years as
lighter, modern engines now run with about 25% less oil in their sumps.
Shell Helix oil has a powerful ability to help clean up your engine components
and continues to help keep engines clean through to the next oil change.

Do most people drive under severe driving conditions?

A recent study in Europe showed that 75% of car journeys involved trips
shorter than 10km. These trips often incorporate a high level of stop-start
driving, which can result in greatly increased engine wear if oil is not
changed on a regular basis.

Crucial Answers - Why TOHO9000 must use product, not a choice

These are the answers for all questions in decades about oil

1. Long-lasting neutralising effect.

2. Oil-filter replacements only once in 200,000km

3. High levels of heat resistance to reinforce the protection of engine oil, lubricants and engine components.

4. Increased engine and machine performance

5. Acts as a cooling agent for the oil.

6. Acid-proofs oil and disperse impurities.

7. Rapid separation of oil and water.

8. Substantial reduction in oil and fuel consumption

9. Reduces exhaust emission.

10. Improved longevity of engine usage by reducing wear and tear.

11. Noise-level reduction from operational engines.

12. Prevents corrosion and rust.

13. Provides a protective coating.

14. Maintains oil viscosity and engine protection qualities at extreme temperatures. It prevents oil from freezing and allows easy ignition even at sub-zero temperatures down to -45 degrees Celsius.