Jaffar Shehatha* & Abdulsalam Y Taha@*MB ChB, AMC, FICMS, FRCS, FRACS, Consultant Cardiothoracic Surgeon, Head of Cardiac Surgery,Suleimania Center for Heart Diseases. Adjunct Senior lecturer/ University of Western Australia, School ofSurgery. @MB ChB, FIBMS (CTVS) Professor and Head of Cardio-thoracic and Vascular Surgery Unit,School of Medicine, University of Suleimania, Consultant Thoracic and Vascular Surgeon, SuleimaniaTeaching Hospital, Suleimania, IraqCorrespondence to: Mr. Jaffar Shehatha, E-mail: jaffarshehatha@hotmail.comAbstractIbn al-Nafis was a great Arabic scholar and physician of his time. His account of coronary bloodflow and pulmonary circulation in 13th century preceded the description by Europeanresearchers by almost three decades. At his time anatomical dissections were prohibited by thesocial and religious Muslim rules. Therefore it is not exactly known how he had reached hisconclusions, whether through conjecture, observation on animals like monkeys, or by autopsystudies of humans. Because of the long period between Avicenna (the name used by the westfor Ibn-Sina) and the appearance of Ibn-Al-Nafis and because of Ibn-Al-Nafis’s remarkablecontributions many called him as the (second Avicenna). Ibn-Al-Nafis was a remarkable manand he deserves to be better known.