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quinta-feira, julho 27, 2017

Seru (parte III)

"The typical seru implementation process can be summarized as follows:
1. As customer demands fluctuate, assembly line inefficiencies become apparent and a strategic choice to emphasize responsiveness is made.
2. Assembly lines are dismantled and replaced with divisional seru systems through resource collocation and removal/replacement, cross-training, and autonomy.
3. Expensive dedicated equipment is replaced by inexpensive general-purpose equipment that can be duplicated and redeployed as needed by serus.
4. As cross-training progresses, divisional serus evolve into rotating serus and yatais.
5. As the seru system matures, cell configurability is developed so that exactly the cells required to meet demand can be rapidly formed, then dismantled once demand is met.
...
In the years leading up to 1992, production of most high- volume, low-value-added Japanese products was being shifted to low-cost countries because of the Japanese yen's sharp rise. Sony's products did not lend themselves to such offshoring, however, because they were characterized by high variety, low volume, and high value added, with frequent design updates and generational changes. Sony first attempted to respond to its high demand volatility by applying the Toyota Production System mixed-product method to its conveyor lines, but the demand volatility for Sony products substantially exceeded that of Toyota. Rapid changes in product technologies and configurations called for lines to be reconfigurable, whereas the Toyota Production System emphasized investments in expensive, synchronized, integrated production lines. Thus, Sony chose to design its production system to respond to demand volatility, rather than eliminate it as occurs under the Toyota Production System.
...
Conveyers were replaced by workbenches, and simple equipment and manual tools were used, so that serus could be constructed, modified, dismantled, and reconstructed quickly and frequently. Although divisional serus were considerably more flexible than assembly lines with respect to product variation and volume changes, the demand for some products was volatile enough to require even more flexibility, so some of the divisional serus were converted into rotating serus.
...As product variants proliferate and product life-cycles shorten, needs for changeovers and transitions rise. In this case, assembly lines with highly specialized workers and equipment (and resulting costly and lengthy change- overs) are likely to struggle more and more to maintain acceptable levels of utilization (uptime). Given the need to meet these highly varying demands, seru systems actually produce swifter and more even flows than assembly lines, because they handle transitions more quickly and efficiently. The emphasis under seru that all tasks are completed in a single cell, all required resources are made available in the cell, and that everything not required is eliminated, has as its objective to support the swift and even flow of products."

Trechos retirados de "Lessons from seru production on manufacturing competitively in a high cost environment" publicado pelo Journal of Operations Management, 49-51 (2017) 67-76.

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"It is widely believed that restructuring has boosted productivity by displacing low-skilled workers and creating jobs for the high skilled."Mas, e como isto é profundo:"In essence, creative destruction means that low productivity plants are displaced by high productivity plants." Por favor voltar a trás e reler esta última afirmação.. "Lovaglia’s Law: The more important the outcome of a decision, the more people will resist using evidence to make it."

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"o Marketing só existe a partir do pensamento estratégico, caso contrário "não resulta"""It is difficult to get a man to understand something, when his salary depends upon his not understanding it""Perder diversidade é como arrancar páginas de um livro. Quantas páginas poderemos arrancar até deixar de compreender o enredo?"The great enemy of the truth is very often not the lie – deliberate, contrived and dishonest – but the myth, persistent, persuasive, and unrealistic. Belief in myths allows the comfort of opinion without the discomfort of thought."

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"Promising never to raise taxes, without reaching a deal on spending, really means a high and rising commitment to future taxes."

"Some things are so foolish that only an intellectual could believe them, for no ordinary man could be such a fool"

"os bancos não financiam a economia, a poupança sim"

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"terms such as 'experiment' and 'observation' cover complex processes containing many strands. 'Facts' come from negotiations between different parties and the final product - the published report - is influenced by physical events, dataprocessors, compromises, exhaustion, lack of money, national pride and so on."

"'science in the making' is 'the consequence of [a] settlement' of 'controversies'."

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"Your toughest competition is the little voice inside your head telling you to stop"

"Pain is just weakness leaving your body"

"Built to last" is bad economics. Built to do something great" is the better idea. Think: "Creative destruction."

"the world is an uncertain place no matter how many Greek letter equations you affix to a problem."

"You never change things by fighting existing reality. To change s.th., build a new model making the existing model obsolete"

“No, no, you're not thinking; you're just being logical.”

"Success is not a destination. It's the trail you leave behind you."

"Winners make a habit of manufacturing their own positive expectations in advance of the event."

“You’ve got to start with the customer experience and work back toward the technology – not the other way around”

"Strategy as the "smallest set of - intended or actual - choices and decisions sufficient to guide all other choices and decisions sufficient to guide all other choices and decisions."

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"nature evolves away from constraints, not toward goals"

"There aren't any textbooks on what to stop doing!"

"With great power comes great irresponsibility "

"Weird things happen when you take price out of the equation for consumers"

"‘It’s so damn complex. If you ever think you have the solution to this, you’re wrong and you’re dangerous.’"

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"Increasing stuff that doesn't add value dilutes existing value."

"O federalismo não é a alternativa à troika, é a troika para sempre."

"Never underestimate the difficulty of changing false beliefs by facts"

"Stressors are information"

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"The advantage of experiences over things for most of us is that we can make them seem unique, which = scarce, which = value"