Asian powers are outpacing the United States to become the biggest spenders on defence by 2021 and are fuelling an "explosion" in the global arms trade, a study showed.
The global arms trade jumped by 30% to $73.5 billion between 2008-2012 in spite of the economic downturn, driven by
surging exports from China and demand from countries like India, and is set to more than double by 2020, defence and security consultancy IHS Jane's said on Tuesday.

"Budgets are shifting East and global arms trade is increasing competition. This is the biggest explosion in trade the world has ever seen," said Paul Burton, a senior manager at IHS Jane's whose study looked at 34,000 defence acquisition programmes.

The United States has accounted for the lion's share of global defence spending over the past decade, but budget cuts in Washington, as it withdraws from countries such as Afghanistan, mean that it will account for just 30% by 2021 to fall behind Asia at 31%.

Military spending in the Asia Pacific region - which includes China, India and Indonesia - will rise 35% to $501 billion in the next eight years, compared to a 28% fall in US spending to $472 billion over the same period, IHS Jane's said.

"The big Western defence companies have no option - export or shrink - but this could be sowing the seed of their own demise; the opportunities in the East are a double-edged sword, fuelling a trend which threatens US dominance of defence," said Guy Anderson, senior principal analyst at IHS Jane's.

China's ramp-up in defence spending in recent years is worrying its neighbours such as Japan, with whom it is currently embroiled in a stand-off over a series of uninhabited islands, despite its repeated reassurances that there is nothing to fear.

Japan, as well as India and South Korea, are among countries being courted by weapon makers such as Lockheed Martin, Boeing and BAE Systems who want to sell them fighter jets and other equipment to make up for reduced spending in their Western home markets, but such deals tend to require investment in the buyers's defence industries.

India, for instance, is speaking exclusively to France's Dassault Aviation on a $12 billion order of 126 warlanes and wants 50% of the work to be given to Indian companies.

China is expected to increase its defence budget by 64% to $207 billion by 2021, compared to India and Indonesia which are respectively forecast to spend 54 and 113% more, the study said.

These countries aspire to build thriving defence industries capable of developing modern equipment such as fighter jets and aircraft carriers, and may be able to export "world class kit" rivalling that of the West in a decade as a result of their willingness to spend, IHS Jane's said.