Please note that these estimates have substantial uncertainty. This is primarily because the land animal estimates rely heavily on a Worldwatch Institute estimate of unclear sourcing, and because data on fish farming is limited.

3

These numbers are for vertebrates only.

4

Fish counts do not include fish farmed for bait.*

5

6

2012 FAO Data or Estimated

2014 FAO Data

2017 Estimated

Rounded 2017

7

8

Farmed land vertebrates

28,129,846,864

29,168,241,541

30,953,571,269

31,000,000,000

9

'Factory farmed' land vertebrates** (2017 estimate assumes 80% of livestock growth by head 2014-2017 was in factory farms)

* There are six billion minnows farmed for bait annually in the state of Arkansas alone, so bait fish farming increases the true percentage of farmed animals who are 'factory farmed.'

31

* Fishcount.org.uk, however, estimates that only 940 million farmed fathead minnows, 335 million farmed feeder goldfish, and 560 million farmed golden shiners were sold in the US 2005.

32

* It seems that all feed fish are wild-caught, but if any are farmed, they are missing from these figures as well.

33

34

** A Worldwatch article posted on March 23 2012 states that concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs, commonly reffered to as "factory farms") "now account for 72 percent of poultry production, 43 percent of egg production, and 55 percent of pork production worldwide." They do not provide their methodology so we have substantial uncertainty in these estimates.

35

** The egg figure may also be a typo as in 2004 Worldwatch had reported that the figure for beef was 43 percent, while eggs were 68 percent, and egg production has only increased in the interim so such a drop in % CAFOs is extremely unlikely. Compassion in World Farming also estimates that 60% of eggs globally are produced in "industrial systems," and their estimates for other products are similar to those made by Worldwatch. Note that these estimates are presumably made by weight of the products (or count for eggs) rather than head of the producing animals, and factory farmed animals produce more per head -- for instance leghorns, the most common breed of hen used to make eggs in 'factory farms,' lay around 300 eggs in their peak year, while Rhode Island Reds and other breeds more typical of pasture farms lay around 250. The weighted average of 25 countries which account for 79% of global egg production and for which estimates were found by Open Philanthropy Project for the percentage of egg laying hens who were merely caged around 2012 is 88% (83% unweighted, see "Open Philanthropy Hen Estimates" sheet). This suggests that globally a minimum of around 70% of hens are caged (and that's if all the remaining 21% or so whose conditions were not evaluated are not caged, which is extremely unlikely), with 83-88% more likely, if not higher given increasing industrialization in the five or so years since these numbers were taken. Given all of this, and that "factory" systems are not restricted to cages, we will use 88% as our global figure for 'factory farmed' hens, understanding that this is probably conservative.

36

** All other ruminants and unspecified species are estimated at the 2004 43% figure for beef, which is probably conservative as the industrialization of their circumstances presumably increased between then and 2012. Rodents are estimated at 50%, as the beef figure is presumably highly conservative for small animals who are less likely to be in pastures, in addition to which by 2012 proportions in CAFOs likely increased, though this is still likely conservative as other small animals, such as birds, tend to be overwhelmingly in CAFOs

37

** The International Egg Commission estimated the global egg-laying hen count in 2013 to be 7.0 billion. This is slightly higher than Compassion in World Farming's contemporary estimate of 6.6 billion. It is also higher than the 6.0 billion estimate made by Open Philanthropy Project accounting for 15% of eggs being broiler hatching eggs (see "Open Philanthropy Hen Estimates" sheet). Based on an international average egg-laying rate of 185/year, this is also slightly higher than the number of in-shell eggs laid by hens as reported by the FAO for 2012, but it is slightly lower than the number of in-shell eggs laid by all birds as reported by the FAO for 2012. Note that ducks and quail have similar productivity to the international average for chickens. We will therefore take 7.0 billion as an estimate of the total number of birds used for "egg production," and assume that 'factory farmed' rates are comparable for all species.

38

** Worldwatch also reports that the FAO estimated 80% of growth in the livestock sector was in CAFOs.

39

40

*** fishcount.org.uk estimated in 2012 that 37 to 120 billion farmed fish are slaughtered annually. See Animal Charity Evaluators Guesstimate for estimates of fish lifespans among the four most commonly farmed species in the US, as well as mortalities. Lower estimate uses lower numbers for all three numbers, etc, weighted by US species distribution estimates -- see work on "ACE Fish Guesstimates" sheet. The FAO estimated that 66.6 million tonnes of fish were produced on farms in 2012 and 73.8 million in 2014, which gives us an annual growth estimate of 1.054% assuming variables like species distributions, growth rates, and age at slaughter stay constant.