With the concentration of executive power in the hands President Erdoğan, the arena for formal politics in Turkey has become severely restricted. Turkish government has also made it very difficult, if not impossible, for civil society organizations to function independently.

As Turkey enters a new phase in its history it is also facing massive problems. As these problems continue to grow, Turkey will find it increasingly difficult to deal with them under a system that has rendered formal politics meaningless while prohibiting civic activism, civil society engagement, and freedom of the press.