This publication, part of the yank Chemical Society's Symposium sequence, is a suite of a few pleasant bits of caprice and humor, either intentional and unintentional, from the realm of chemistry. beneath these recognized white lab coats essentially beat hearts which are able to find and having fun with the lighter part in their technology.

II. III. Single feedstock, fixed process and no product diversification. Examples include dry-milling bioethanol plants using wheat or corn, and biodiesel plants using vegetable oils, which have no process flexibility and produce fixed amounts of fuels and coproducts. Single feedstock, multiple, and flexible processes and product diversification. An example is a wet-milling plant using corn and various processes with the capability to adapt multiple productions depending on product demands and market prices.

As a result, biomass has a lower calorific value than fossil resources and produces unstable bio-oil upon pyrolysis due to the presence of oxygen in biomass. 4), giving rise to transportation fuels, commodity chemicals and CHP10–13 . The configurations are ready to capture carbon dioxide for an overall negative carbon footprint13–16 . Ultimate analysis provides insights into the biomass quality as fuel. For example, high O/C and H/C ratios reduce the energy value of a fuel due to the lower energy contained in carbon–oxygen and carbon–hydrogen bonds than in carbon–carbon bonds22 .

It can be seen from this network that feedstocks can be converted to almost any platform in one or several steps. In addition, one particular product can be produced from different combinations of feedstocks and using different processing pathways. This facility can be integrated with utility systems to create a biorefinery design. The biorefinery system needs to be colocated with feedstock supply systems and synergistically integrated with product distribution systems to form a complete value chain.