Glutathione Metabolism in G. violaceus

This image is a scaled-down version of the actual pathway image. It does not contain any links to the protein information pages.

Description

Glutathione is a sulfhydryl (-SH) antioxidant, antitoxin, and enzyme cofactor.
It is ubiquitous in animals, plants, and microorganisms, and being water soluble
is found mainly in the cell cytosol and other aqueous phases of the living
system. It cannot enter most cells directly and therefore must be made available
inside the cell from its three constituent amino acids: Glycine, Glutamate and
Cysteine. The rate at which glutathione can be made depends on the availability
of Cysteine, which is relatively scarce in foodstuffs. Furthermore, the Cysteine
molecule has a sulfur-containing portion which gives the whole Glutathione
molecule its ‘biochemical activity’. Glutathione is homeostatically controlled,
both inside the cell and outside. It often attains millimolar levels inside
cells, which makes it one [...]