Philosophy

Introduction

Philosopher and historian David Hume was considered as a deist , aside from being an empiricist and someone who usually supported the theory of evolution . Even if Hume believed that God created the universe , he did not think that God was further involved in anything beyond creation This was especially true in how he formulated his moral theory wherein he claimed that man was inherently inclined to do good because it was beneficial to him . As a result of this , religion was not necessary for man to do well towards his fellow

man . Hume went on to move that miracles were very rare events , but he never really denied its existence . According to Hume , a person who considered himself wise should just base his beliefs on concepts that had the highest degree of probability . According to Hume , since it was more probable , due to the rate of occurrences of the events , for miracles to not happen , it served as greater evidence against miracles

Hume grew up in Edinburgh , Scotland . Even if he earned a degree in law his study in philosophy during the height of European Enlightenment was the one that truly directed his life 's works and direction . The theories that were formed during the Scottish Enlightenment bore the mark of much of the contested relation between the religion , human nature and sociability . Hume was infamous for his argument that religion could not be demonstrated when it came to the limited human understanding However , the Hume 's point was more of even without the support of the religion aspect it was intrinsic human nature to demonstrate morality in the context of sociability . This became an area of great debate in the remainder of the century under Scottish context

Moral Theory Critique

Morality had set out debates about the regulation of self-interest by which men choose the best rules of conduct or policy for society that would be best efficient based from theories and other proposition that they could find . The theorist 's role was to provide for acceptable moral frameworks by which there would always be significant trade offs between personal and group sacrifices in exchange for desired outcomes for the society

Hume 's moral theory emphasized the intrinsic ability of man to be good without having to adhere to the concept of religion . It gave emphasis on the observer 's standpoint for a chain of events that involved the agent and the receiver and the spectator of a deed , wherein it would be accounted as a virtue or a vice

His theories gave birth to the earliest ideas for the utilitarian school of thought when it came to philosophy . Adam Smith was one of his supporters when it came to the morality that had to do with its utility value . Hume did not pursue much of the utility value of the action but he certainly sparked the following of philosophers in the likes of John Stuart Mill as well as Jeremy Bentham . The moral theory was more inclined...