Snapple Guy's Overnight Success Took Decades

Leonard Marsh transformed a tiny fruit-juice supplier into Snapple, a national brand of fruit-flavored beverages and iced tea powered by quirky marketing and bold flavors.

ENLARGE

Leonard Marsh launched Snapple with two friends in the early 1970s.
Bradley Marsh

So successful was the brand that Snapple inspired dozens of imitators and prompted major soft-drink companies to introduce their own fruit and tea beverages to compete.

Mr. Marsh, who died Tuesday at age 80, launched Snapple in New York with two friends in the early 1970s to supply natural fruit juices to health-food stores.

After introducing lemonade and fruit-flavored ice tea in distinctive wide-mouth bottles, the company went public in a much-ballyhooed initial public offering in 1992.

Snapple became a "New Age" beverage, touted by the company as "Made from the best stuff on earth."

Yet it also appealed to a less trend-conscious demographic, as exemplified by its radio advertising spokesmen, Howard Stern and Rush Limbaugh, and Wendy Kaufman, an actual employee who answered Snapple fan mail in wacky TV ads.

A native of Brooklyn, N.Y., Mr. Marsh was the child of Jewish immigrants from Russia. His father was a cobbler.

Mr. Marsh and his brother-in-law Hyman Golden originally ran a Brooklyn-based window-washing and office-maintenance business. In 1972, they teamed up with Arnold Greenberg, who operated a health-food store in Manhattan's East Village, to create Unadulterated Food Products Inc. The company made juices and sold eggs and produce.

After renaming the company after one of their early products, carbonated apple juice, the founders became known collectively as the "Snapple Guys." They built up the brand one cooler at a time in New York City's pizzerias and bodegas.

Mr. Marsh, who was the chief executive, was the company's most prescient taster of new products and he favored goofy names like Mango Madness and Guava Mania.

"Lenny would say, 'If we like it, they'll like it,' " said Ms. Kaufman, who worked in public relations at Snapple. " 'We don't need a focus group. We are a focus group.' "

It was Snapple's decision to start bottling iced tea that made it a major player on the national beverageFIZZ1.06% scene. The company innovated by bottling its tea hot, avoiding preservatives and offering it year-round instead of just in the summer as many bottled iced teas had been.

Introduced in the late 1980s, Snapple iced tea was the main factor behind exploding sales that peaked at $674 million in 1994, up from $24 million five years earlier.

"We call Snapple the 'overnight success story that took over two decades to happen,' " Mr. Marsh told a tea-industry trade group in 1995.

Mr. Marsh recruited a network of more than 300 bottlers and distributors in all 50 states.

The Snapple headquarters in Valley Stream, N.Y., was a low-key family-style operation where anybody might offer a suggestion for a new flavor name and where Mr. Marsh might be found playing computer solitaire in an office he shared with the company's chairman.

Investment firm Thomas H. Lee Co. acquired control of Snapple for $140 million in 1992, retaining Mr. Marsh as CEO.

In 1994, Quaker Oats Co. bought Snapple for $1.7 billion and Mr. Marsh left the company. By then, Snapple produced 52 flavors of tea, juice drinks and sodas. But sales fell when the brand was grouped with a stable of products including Gatorade. Quaker sold the brand to TriarcWEN0.20% in 1997 for $309 million. In a 1995 interview, Mr. Marsh said Quaker removed Snapple's "excitement." The brand is now part of Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc.DPS0.50%

"We built a better mousetrap, nothing more," Mr. Marsh told Beverage World in 1993. "Tea was around for many years. We made it better."

—Email remembrances@wsj.com

Corrections & Amplifications Snapple was sold only once after Triarc Cos. bought the brand in 1997. An earlier version of this article incorrectly said Snapple was sold "several times" after Triarc owned it.

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