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reverse engineering/Etc., , Risk Analysis & Governance Spanning Multiple Industries, And Finally Research Papers Written By Myself or others On A Multitude Of Subjects.. Enter a search and you shall find almost any topic on security.

Tuesday, March 31, 2015

Multicast DNS and DNS service discovery daemons deployed on various systems across the Internet are misconfigured and reply to queries targeting their unicast addresses, including requests from their WAN interface. These daemons could be leveraged by attackers for sensitive information disclosure and potentially used in DDoS campaigns for reflection and in some cases amplification.

Since 2009 the German intelligence agency BND accesses traffic from the internet node DE-CIX in Frankfurt am Main – as a follow-up to „Operation Eikonal“ at the German company „Deutsche Telekom“. This was stated by the operator of DE-CIX at the NSA investigation comittee of the German Bundestag. The German Chancellery intervened several times and prevented the G-10 commission and the Federal Network Agency (Bundesnetzagentur) to investigate this interception operation.

There are a lot of technical terms that mean something very specific to cryptographers but often mean something else to everyone else, including security professionals. Years ago I wrote about when it means to say that a cipher is “broken”. Today’s word is “infeasible”.

Cross-site scripting (XSS) flaws are amongst the most commonly encountered security flaws found on websites, opening up opportunities for malicious hackers to hijack customer accounts, change users’ settings and phish login credentials.
Unfortunately, it only requires a single web developer to make a mistake to open up opportunities which online criminals can exploit to launch potentially dangerous attacks.
And, although you would like to think that some of the world’s busiest websites would have trained their staff to avoid making the code blunders which can lead to an XSS attack, time and time again we hear of high profile vulnerabilities being found in familiar places.

[Michael] sells a remote control spy tank through his company, and although it’s a toy, there’s an impressive amount of electronics in this R/C tank. It’s controlled from an Android or iDevice over a WiFi connection, something that simply won’t do if you’re trying to sell this to the hacker and maker crowd. The solution to this problem is Wireshark, and with a little bit of work this spy tank can be controlled from just about anything, from a microcontroller via WiFi to a Python app.

Thanks to the use of honeypots (open a new window)and the analysis of the data they generate we can scope the magnitude of the problem we face, obtaining valuable data regarding:

Attack tendencies.
Exploited vulnerabilities.
Services that are intended on being compromised.
Most active countries in cyberattacks.
Malware samples unidentified by antivirus engines.
Techniques used by attackers.
Malware distributors.
Systems belonging to Botnets.
Command and Control Centers (C&C).

Metasploit contains port-based modules as well as URI-based modules (web servers). This tool bridges Nmap XML file with Metasploit and generates a resource script containing matching Metasploit modules. that you can run against the target servers.

How nmap2nessus works:
Takes a nmap XML ﬁle as input and extracts the 'open' ports and live IP addresses.
Logins into Nessus server and makes a copy of the 'selected' policy.
Modiﬁes the port_range parameter in the policy settings and upload the new policy
Uses the 'default' Nessus policy.
Starts a new Nessus scan using the new policy.
Queries the Nessus server for the status of the job until the job is completed.
Save the Nessus report and extract the important ﬁndings

When we click on “Login” we get a javascript popup which tells us “You Are Not Authorized!”. Then we click on “FLAG”, because that’s what we want. Unfortunately we don’t get a flag yet, but the source code of admin.php is revealed.

For this challenge we had to find all possible messages that are unconcealed when applying RSA with the given e and n, this means that the ciphertext is equal to the plaintext (these messages are called quines in this chall)

Identifies and extracts information from bots and other malware. Information is returned in a readable json format. bamfdetect works by reading files into RAM, applying any applicable preprocessors, then applying Yara signatures from modules to determine which module it matches. After a match is located, the module can then extract the configuration from the file.

Banking and sensitive financial information is a highly coveted target for attackers because of the high value and obvious financial implications. In the past year, a large amount of attention has been centered on Point of Sale (PoS) malware due to its major role in the compromise of several retailers. While PoS malware is a major concern, attackers have also realized that targeting individual end users is an effective method of harvesting other types of financial data. As a result, banking malware has become a prevalent category of malware that poses a major threat to users and organizations of all sizes.

It is simple and instantly usable for beginners (as tested with middle and high school students with no programming experience), yet feature-rich and extensible for experienced developers. Unlike Eclipse and IntelliJ, it has a small footprint and is completely customizable with Lua. Unlike TextMate and Sublime Text, it includes a remote debugger and a full IDE feature set. Unlike Decoda, it runs on Windows, Mac OSX, and Linux and supports on-device debugging.

Originally, I wanted to write up the write-up for the airport challenge, but since Niklas has already done that, I’m doing the Wood Island challenge instead. It was worth 150 points on the Boston Key Party 2015.

The goal was to break ElGamal Signatures. In short, the solution is based on exploiting “random” values that occur multiple times.

In this blog post I will describe a few ways to view the whole SQL statement being executed as part of a SQL injection attack. Currently, unless the vulnerable page returns the SQL statement in an error message, performing an attack involves an amount of guesswork by the attacker. The more complicated the original SQL statement, the more difficult it can become to extract data using faster UNION based techniques.

If the type of injection is blind then this can take time to perform and cause a lot of traffic to be generated, especially when extracting a significant amount of data from the database. This prompted the question - “Wouldn’t this be a lot easier if I could see the SQL being executed?”

libtasn1 is a library to parse ASN.1 data structures. Its mostprominent user is GnuTLS.

Fuzzing libtasn1 led to the discovery of a stack write overflow in thefunction _asn1_ltostr (file parser_aux.c). It overflows a temporarybuffer variable on certain inputs. This issue has been reported to thedevelopers on 2015-03-26. A fix was released on 2015-03-29.

The issue can be exposed with Valgrind or Address Sanitizer. TheAddress Sanitizer output with detailed info is given below.

An earlier fuzzing effort led to the discovery of a null pointerderefenence error in the ASN.1 definition parser. This is unlikely tohave any security impact. Null pointer errors are usually notexploitable and there are probably no scenarios where ASN.1 definitionsare attacker controlled. This issue has been reported to the libtasn1developers on 2015-01-25 and was fixed on 2015-02-05. The fix wasdelivered with the 4.3 release of libtasn1.

Commix (short for [comm]and [i]njection e[x]ploiter) has a simple environment and it can be used, from web developers, penetration testers or even security researchers to test web applications with the view to find bugs, errors or vulnerabilities related to command injection attacks. By using this tool, it is very easy to find and exploit a command injection vulnerability in a certain vulnerable parameter or string. Commix is written in Python programming language.

If you’re an American and haven’t yet created an account at irs.gov, you may want to take care of that before tax fraudsters create an account in your name and steal your personal and tax data in the process.

Two former federal agents are expected to be arrested on Monday on charges of stealing money while working undercover on an investigation into Silk Road, the once-thriving black market website for drug dealing, a document shows.

Abstract
The recent explosion in smartphone usage has not gone
unnoticed by malware authors. Indeed, malware authors
have increasingly focused their attention on mobile devices,
leading to a steep rise in mobile malware over the past couple
of years. This paper focuses particularly on mobile bot
variants that can be controlled remotely by an attacker.
The paper begins with a comparison between mobile
and PC botnets, discussing fundamental, conceptual and
implementational differences between them. Next, some
precursors to fully functional mobile bots are discussed,
along with some proof-of-concept mobile botnets that have
been published for research purposes.

As a follow up of our Troopers 2015 presentation about CVE-2011-2461 we want to release more details about a real world exploitation scenario targeting Google services.
During our large-scale analysis of web sites hosting vulnerable SWF files, we found out that also Google was affected.

Argon2 is a new hash function, which summarizes the state of the art in the design of memory-hard functions. It is a streamlined and simple design. It aims at the highest memory filling rate and effective use of multiple computing units, while still providing defense against tradeoff attacks. Argon2 is optimized for the x86 architecture and exploits the cache and memory organization of the recent Intel and AMD processors.

Abstract—Many system components and network applications
are written in languages that are prone to memory corruption
vulnerabilities. There have been countless cases where simple
mistakes by developers resulted in memory corruption vulnerabilities
and consequently security exploits. While there have been
tremendous research efforts to mitigate these vulnerabilities, useafter-free
still remains one of the most critical and popular attack
vectors because existing proposals have not adequately addressed
the challenging program analysis and runtime performance
issues.
In this paper we present DANGNULL, a system that detects
temporal memory safety violations—in particular, use-after-free
and double-free—during runtime. DANGNULL relies on the key
observation that the root cause of these violations is that pointers
are not nullified after the target object is freed. Based on this
observation, DANGNULL automatically traces the object’s relationships
via pointers and automatically nullifies all pointers when
the target object is freed. DANGNULL offers several benefits. First,
DANGNULL addresses the root cause of temporal memory safety
violations. It does not rely on the side effects of violations, which
can vary and may be masked by attacks. Thus, DANGNULL is effective
against even the most sophisticated exploitation techniques.
Second, DANGNULL checks object relationship information using
runtime object range analysis on pointers, and thus is able to
keep track of pointer semantics more robustly even in complex
and large scale software. Lastly, DANGNULL does not require
numerous explicit sanity checks on memory accesses because
it can detect a violation with implicit exception handling, and
thus its detection capabilities only incur moderate performance
overhead.

User-friendly and free of charge VAMPSET software [1] has been designed for setting parameters and configuring relays and is suitable for the entire VAMP range of protection relays, VAMP 321 arc flash protection unit and measuring and monitoring units. This indispensable setting and configuration tool allows relay parameters, configurations and recorded data to be exchanged between a computer and a VAMP relay using various communication cables.

VAMPSET handles the relay settings as documents, vef-files. Settings of one physical device are considered one document. Documents can be read from the relay and transferred between similar relays. Documents can also be saved to the computer hard drive, and later loaded back to the relay using VAMPSET.

VAMPSET is vulnerable to a Stack-based and Heap-based buffer overflow attack, which can be exploited by attackers to execute arbitrary code, by providing a malicious CFG or DAT file with specific parameters.

4. Vulnerable packages

VAMPSET v2.2.145

Other versions are probably affected too, but they were not checked.

5. Vendor Information, Solutions and Workarounds

Given that this is a client-side vulnerability, affected users should avoid opening untrusted .cfg or .dat files. Core Security also recommends those affected use third party software such as Sentinel [3] or EMET [2] that could help to prevent the exploitation of affected systems to some extent.

The vendor published the following advisory [5] that includes mitigation instrucctions and a reference to the updated software.

6. Credits

This vulnerability was discovered and researched by Ricardo Narvaja from Core Security Exploit Writing Team. The publication of this advisory was coordinated by Joaquín Rodríguez Varela from Core Security Advisories Team.

2015-01-29: Core Security sent an initial notification to CCC@us.schneider-electric.com informing them of the vulnerability and requesting their PGP key in on order to send them the encrypted advisory draft.2015-02-05: Core Security sent another email to CIC-Technical@us.schneider-electric.com and LeeAnn.Luck@Schneider-Electric.com informing them of the vulnerability and requesting their PGP key in on order to send them the encrypted advisory draft.2015-02-16: Schneider replied our email attaching their public PGP key, and asking if we were coordinating with ICS-CERT and the versions of their product we tested.2015-02-20: Core Security sendt a draft copy of the Advisory. Considering that both vulnerabilities are client side and affect a software and not a device we don't think it would be necessary to contact ICS-CERT. We inform them that we are planning to release this advisory on the 20th of March, 2015.2015-02-23: Schneider confirms the reception of Core Security draft advisory. They inform they are evaluating the report.2015-02-27: Schneider informs they are evaluating the heap buffer overflow vulnerability and they request the Proof Of Concept files (Comtrade) we used to trigger the crash and the exploit as well. They request we coordinate a release date depending on their patch plan.2015-03-02: Core Security sends Schneider both PoC files and explains that is our policy never to release exploit code, just the files/code that triggers the vulnerability and causes the application to crash. We also expressed our willingness to work together.2015-03-03: Schneider confirms reception of our email and attached files.2015-03-20: Schneider informed us that they have addressed the vulnerability and they requested that we review their security disclosure.2015-03-25: Core Security informed Schneider that they should review the "Vulnerability Overview" section of their disclosure in order to clarify that the vulnerability could not only cause a crash in the application. We requested the time and date they are planning to publish the advisory and the update as well as the link to their publication. We informed them the URL were our advisory is going to be published and the CVE ID we are planning to use.2015-03-25: Schneider informed us that they made the recommended modifications to their disclosure document and they sent us the new version. They also said they will publish it on their website.2015-03-26: Core Security asked Schneider if they could inform us the exact date they are planning to publish their disclosure document. Additionally we recommended them to delay the release until Monday in order to give the affected users enough time to patch their software before the weekend.2015-03-26: Schneider informed us that they published the advisory. They claim that because of its location, the document is not easy to find until they publicize it through a news item. They informed us that they will try to post the news item on Monday but they give no guarantees. They inform as well that they have contacted ICS-CERT so they are aware.2015-03-27: Core Security replied Schneider that by publishing the advisory they missed the hole point of a coordinated release, even if their advisory is not easy to find online. We informed them that we are going to publish our advisory on Monday 30th at 9 am EST in order to give the affected users enough time to patch their software before the weekend.2015-03-30: Advisory CORE-2015-0007 published.

CoreLabs, the research center of Core Security, is charged with anticipating the future needs and requirements for information security technologies. We conduct our research in several important areas of computer security including system vulnerabilities, cyber attack planning and simulation, source code auditing, and cryptography. Our results include problem formalization, identification of vulnerabilities, novel solutions and prototypes for new technologies. CoreLabs regularly publishes security advisories, technical papers, project information and shared software tools for public use at: http://corelabs.coresecurity.com.

11. About Core Security

Core Security enables organizations to get ahead of threats with security test and measurement solutions that continuously identify and demonstrate real-world exposures to their most critical assets. Our customers can gain real visibility into their security standing, real validation of their security controls, and real metrics to more effectively secure their organizations.

Core Security's software solutions build on over a decade of trusted research and leading-edge threat expertise from the company's Security Consulting Services, CoreLabs and Engineering groups. Core Security can be reached at +1 (617) 399-6980 or on the Web at: http://www.coresecurity.com.

About Me

Cyber Security, Digital Signage and Global Markets. Small financier always looking for opportunities to invest in innovative technologies and commercial real estate. Quote: Success is not measured by what you accomplish, but by the opposition you have encountered, and the courage with which you have maintained the struggle against overwhelming odds. (by Orison Swett Marden)

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Welcome

Thank you for taking the time out to read this blog as it is my way of giving back to the IT security community and public at large. Its primary goal is to inform the IT Security community and the general public about IT Security Advisories, Education in This Area and Countermeasures To Protect Critical Data From Being Exploited by Attackers. Also it Includes Some Commentary On The Macro/Micro Economic Environment and The Growing Digital Signage Arena. Remember be proactive as opposed to just being reactive!