This book examines the social experience of occupation in German- and Italian-occupied Europe, and in particular the strategies ordinary people developed in order to survive. Survival included dealing with hunger, having to work for the enemy, women having relationships with soldiers, preservation of culture in a fascist environment, resistance, and the reaction of local communities to punishment of resistance. The book adopts a comparative approach from Denmark and the Netherlands to Poland and Greece, and offers a fresh perspective on the Second World War.