tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-35431089743373689572017-09-22T10:28:53.039-04:00Bloody Prelude: The Battle of South MountainOn September 14, 1862, Robert E. Lee's opportunistic first invasion of the North was turned back at the gaps of South Mountain near Boonsboro, Maryland. The fighting was desperate and for the numbers engaged rather bloody. It has become just a footnote in history, but it was here that the Confederacy reached it's high tide.Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.comBlogger126125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-54284547708042682972016-09-22T15:37:00.000-04:002016-09-22T15:38:29.351-04:00‘Wait a minute,’ said the colonel, ‘I will try my hand. 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mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:200%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style><![endif]--> <br /><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cpVBvJgDZgc/TS2zYsyAodI/AAAAAAAAAJ0/dprIWrr3UXIBridNS7gZufqTT57zSKp8wCPcB/s1600/hugh%2Bmcneil.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cpVBvJgDZgc/TS2zYsyAodI/AAAAAAAAAJ0/dprIWrr3UXIBridNS7gZufqTT57zSKp8wCPcB/s1600/hugh%2Bmcneil.gif" /></a>Hugh McNeil was the colonel of the 13<sup>th</sup>Pennsylvania Reserves, the famous Bucktails, during the Battle of South Mountain. His regiment would take part in the assault that would capture the Frosttown Gap before nightfall stopped Federal forces from capturing their main objective, Turner's Gap. McNeil would survive the fighting on South Mountain only to lose his life in a sharp skirmish on the evening of September 16, just hours before the Battle of Antietam. The following account is in regards to an interesting story of marksmanship by Colonel McNeil that took place during the battle as told by a soldier in the regiment.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</i></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">&nbsp;An Incident of Battle</i></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Colonel Hugh McNeil, of the famous “Bucktail” regiment, who was killed at the Battle of Antietam, was one of the most accomplished officers in the Federal Service. A soldier relates an exploit of his at South Mountain, which is worth recording. </i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">During the Battle of South Mountain, the rebels held a very strong position. They were posted in the mountain pass, and had infantry on the heights on every side. Our men were compelled to carry the place by storm. The position seemed impregnable; large craggy rocks protected the enemy on every side, while our men were exposed to a galling fire.</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> A band of rebels occupied the ledge on the extreme right, as the colonel approached with a few of his men. The unseen force poured a volley upon them. McNeil, on the instant, gave the command: ‘Pour your fire upon those rocks.’&nbsp; The Bucktails hesitated; it was not an order that they had been accustomed to receive; they had always picked their men. ‘Fire!’ thundered the colonel; ‘I tell you to fire at those rocks!’ The men obeyed. For some time an irregular fire was kept up; the Bucktails sheltering themselves as best they could behind rocks and trees. On a sudden, McNeil caught sight of two rebels peering through an opening in the works to get an aim. The eyes of the men followed their commander, and a half a dozen rifles were leveled in that direction. ‘Wait a minute,’ said the colonel, ‘I will try my hand. There is nothing like killing two birds with one stone.’</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The two rebels were not in line, but one stood a little distance back of the other, while just in front of the foremost was a slanting rock. Colonel McNeil seized a rifle, raised it, glanced a moment along the polished barrel; a report followed, and both the rebels disappeared. At that moment a loud cheer a little distance beyond rent the air. ‘All is right now,’ cried the colonel,’ charge the rascals.’ The men sprang up among the rocks in an instant. The affrighted rebels turned to run, but encountered another body of the Bucktails, and were obliged to surrender. Everyone saw the object of the colonel’s order to fire at random among the rocks. He had sent the party around to their rear, and meant this to attract their attention. It was a perfect success.</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The two rebels, by the opening in the ledge, were found there stiff and cold. Colonel McNeil’s bullet had struck the slanting rock in front of them, glanced, and passed through both their heads. There it lay beside them, flattened. </i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Source:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">&nbsp;</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i>The Democratic press.</i> (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio), 01 Jan. 1863. <i>Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers</i>. Lib. of Congress. &lt;<a href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn88077265/1863-01-01/ed-1/seq-1/">http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn88077265/1863-01-01/ed-1/seq-1/</a>&gt;</div>Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-59962432552145638302015-07-28T20:47:00.002-04:002015-07-28T21:00:29.399-04:00 Bloody Prelude moves!This post is just a heads up that I have moved this blog to Wordpress as the platform on which I would like to continue writing. I have not been very busy with post that past couple years but I have intentions to start writing a little bit more in the future. The new sites URL is<a href="http://mountainaflame.wordpress.com/" target="_blank"> mountainaflame.wordpress.com</a>. Thank you for taking the time to read this and I hope that you will continue in the future. I will keep this page up for a little while longer as an FYI. Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-86115773776981569012014-04-03T17:06:00.002-04:002014-04-03T17:06:59.177-04:00"The whole division went in "with a yell.": An Ohioan describes the fight for Fox's Gap and other aspects of the Maryland CampaignThe following is a letter written by an unknown soldier in the 11th Ohio Infantry. The only clue is the initials "J.D.K." at the end of the letter.&nbsp; In this letter, he describes his regiment setting out on the campaign into Maryland and tells of the fighting at Frederick, South Mountain, and Antietam. It appeared in the Dayton Daily Empire in October 1862.<br /><br /><i>Camp Burnsides, Md. Sept</i> <i>30, 1862</i><br /><br /><i>Friend Joe:--Having as yet failed to see any notice of the part of the 11th Regiment O.V.I., took in the recent hard fought battle in Maryland, I will endeavor to give you a brief history of the ordeal through which they passed in the memorable battles of South Mountain and Antietam.</i><br /><br /><i>Gen'l Cox's Division (better known as the Kanawha Division) left Munson's Hill, Va. on the 6th of Sept: and crossed the Potomac over the Georgetown Aqueduct, marching through Georgetown and Washington City, and encamped in Maryland, a few miles from the Captal. On the next day we marched to Leesborough, where we encamped for the night. On the next morning we received the disagreeable news that our transportation was to be reduced to six wagons; three of those were to haul the ammunition and one for field officers, another for the Medical Department, and one for the Quartermaster's Department. Leaving us poor private "individuals" narry waggon with which to haul our cooking utensils. In consequence of this change every man had to carry his own rations for three days in his haversack, and also his cooking utensils; and take into consideration a knapsack, heavy loaded haversack, cartridge box with a hundred rounds, gun, etc. all making a respectable load for a pack mule, you have a pretty good idea of what a soldier has to carry on the march. It was a kind of " Stunner" on the line officers, for it compelled them for once, to pack their own "bed and board" on their backs. At night, when we camped, we found it very inconvenient, as every man had to do his own cooking and in order to make a cup of coffee you had first to brown the coffee, then smash it with a stone, then cook it, which generally took from dark until "tatoo." But enough of this; let's now on to Frederick City.</i><br /><br /><i>After one days march we reached Ridgville, 24 miles from Frederick, the enemies pickets having just left before our entrance. We stacked arms just outside this village, and camped for the night. Ridgville is situated in a beautiful country. There are some splendid orchards in its immediate vicinity, and the nice peaches and apples the I saw makes my mouth water whenever I think of them. There were such stringent orders against taking any thing in the fruit line that, viz.---"Any solder caught in the orchard, potato patch, corn field, etc without permission, will be arrested, Court Martialed, and if found guilty--Shot"--General Order.&nbsp;</i><br /><br /><i>On our march from Ridgeville to Frederick I saw a soldier arrested for attempting to steal an old goose. The chap was in a field after a flock of geese and he had just succeeded in overhauling an old goose, when Gen'l Rodney and Staff came riding by and discovered the scamp, and thereby saved old Mrs. Goose's life, by ordering the fellow arrested, sent to the rear, and to be tied fast to the wagon until further orders. I never heard whether the offender was shot or not, but as geese don't come under the head of peaches, apples or potatoes, I don't think he was.</i><br /><br /><i>We past through New Market, six miles from Frederick, and on passing through we passed the Pennsylvania Reserves, who had arrived there an hour before us by another road. I noticed among them a good many new Regiments, some not a month yet in the service. They were soon destined to smell gunpowder, for some of the new Pennsylvania Regiments suffered terribly in the battle of Antietam, as their lists of killed and wounded show.&nbsp;</i><br /><br /><i>It was reported along the road that the enemy had blown up the Stone Bridge across the Monocacy and were prepared to dispute our passage across that river, but this was found on approaching the bridge to be false, as the bridge was still there, and the enemies pickets had just been driven across it. They had a peice of Artilery posted in a ploughed field, on a hill, opposite the bridge, supported by a regiment of cavalry, a couple of our guns soon shelled them out, however, and they retired in the direction of Frederick closely pursued by our cavalry. During this skirmish Gen. Burside's made his appearance for the first time, and was vociferously cheered by all the troops along the line. He was accompanied by his Staff and body guard. He proceeded immediately to the front, I supposed to see what was up. The enemies pickets having been driven into town we advanced for the purpose of driving the enemy through Frederick, which our generals had found out, was only held by a brigade of Stewarts Cavalry and a battery of four guns. Gen. Cox's Division being in the advance was ordered to advance and take possession of Frederick---The first brigade was formed in line of battle on the right of the road and the 36th and 28th formed on the left. The 11th kept the road. Two peices of artilery were in the advance of the 11th, supported by a squadron of cavalry. Thus formed the whole line advance toward the town. The cavalry ahead met with some resistance at the edge of town by the enemy who were concealed behind houses and kept up a brisk fire for a while. Col. Moore, who commands our brigade, placed himself at the head of Gilmore's Chicago Cavalry and ordered them to charge. Away they went into town the artilery following close after. The 11th was then ordered up double quick, and when we arrived at the edge of town we were all out of breath, having come double quick for two miles. Gilmore's Cavalry having charged into town and not discovering the enemy supposed the town clear, but in this they were mistaken, for suddenly out of a street, leading on to Main street, came a large body of the enemies cavalry. They immediately came sweeping down on out cavalry, so sudden as to through them into confusion and force them back on our artilery who were in the street, with their guns in position, ready to rake the street when Gilmore's cavalry would get out of the way, some of the horses became unmanageable and one horse ran over the man holding the "Laneard" of a 12-pound Howitzer, loaded with canister, which caused the gun to go off sending the whole load of canister into our own men and horses. Wounding several of the men and killing eight or nine horses. Among the number was Lieutenat Chas. Akoff, of Col. Moore's Staff, who had his horse killed under him, and was himself badly bruised up by the fall. Col. Moore was taken prisoner, and the enemy had taken our guns and were preparing to haul them off, when just at this moment the 11th arrived at the edge of town. Col. Coleman seeing at a glance the situation</i> <i>of affairs gave the following order: "By companies into line. Now boy's I want you to take those guns. Forward, charge bayonetts." In one moment the guns were recaptured and the enemy were driven out of Frederick at the point of the bayonett. A number of prisoners were taken in this charge. Our acting Brigadier General Colonel Moore who was taken prisoner was paroled the next day. We encamped near Frederick that night.&nbsp;</i><br /><br /><i>On the 13th, General Rodney's (Rodman) Division took the advance, and skirmished with the enemy's rear guard, driving them through Middletown and across Middle Creek, over which the enemy burnt the bridge, and then retreated to South Mountain, where there were a large force of the enemy. On Sunday morning the 14th, Cox again took the advance, and moved on with his division towards South Mountain. Our artillery took position on the hills looking towards the Gap, through which ran the turnpike and commenced shelling the Gap and woods to ascertain the enemy's position, in the meantime we were sent to flank them on the left, their position being now accurately ascertained, and passed through a strip of woods immediately under the batteries, they shelled us at the same time, but without effect, we gained a position in an open field upon a slope of the Mountain. A few moments were now spent in the maneuvering the different regiments into position. The 11th were sent into a cornfield to draw the enemy's fire, while the 12th and 23d regiments, were in readiness to charge. The 11th had advanced but a short distance into the cornfield when they received a murderous volley from the enemy who were concealed behind stone walls on their right and in their front, which subjected to a terrific cross fire, wounding a great number and killing a few. Almost simultaneously the 12th and 23d charged down the hill with a yell, and rushing upon&nbsp; the stone wall, engaged the 12th and 23d North Carolina Regiments. A desperate hand to hand fight took place, which lasted but a few moments and ended in the utter rout of the enemy. The enemy suffered severely in this charge. On examination most of their dead were found to have been killed by the bayonet. A number of persons were taken in this charge. The 11th were withdrawn from the cornfield and formed into line of battle, ready for the struggle next to come, which was not far off. Lieut. George Croome,&nbsp; was shot by a musket ball in this action, while in the act of charging one of his guns with a load of canister. He died in a short time after.&nbsp;</i><br /><br /><i>The enemy having been driven from their first position were next discovered in a narrow lane, protected by a stone wall, in front of which were posted their batteries. The position was a strong one, and one of their own choice, and as our artillery could not be brought into action owing to the nature of the ground, it looked next to impossible to dislodge the enemy. Gen. Cox formed his division into line and ordered a charge, (the only way to move them out from behind stone walls.) Everything now being ready the word charge was given and the bugle sounded and the whole division went in "with a yell" and a terrific encounter ensued, desperate fighting on both sides with bayonets for some time when at length the enemy gave way in confusion, retreating in all directions. Their lose in this charge was terrible, the ground lay strewed with rebel dead. Their loss in dead on our flank was 1000 and the wounded three times that number, also a great number of prisoners. The gallant and lamented Col. Coleman here performed a daring act which I think worth mentioning. After this charge was made the 11th and 28th were obliged to fall back a short distance as an overwhelming force of the enemy's cavalry and infantry were advancing. A number of our men got separated from their companies and were taken prisoners. Instead of the enemy taking them to the rear, they kept them remaining on the field, one of their officers remarking that "it was no use to be in a hurry for they would have a lot more in a moment," but in that next moment the column of rebel infantry and cavalry were repulsed and routed. Col. Coleman rode ahead of the regiment and before he knew it rode straight into the rebels who had our men prisoners. The Col. seeing he was in a bad snap, he being entirely alone at the time, concluded to put a bold face on the matter, so he drew his sword, and asked our men in a loud voice, "What are you doing there?" "Why, Colonel we are prisoners." "Prisoners," roared the Colonel, "get your arms immediately!" Then going up to the crown he told the rebels that if they didn't surrender immediately he'd cut them to pieces. The rebels thought of course that the Colonel had a force somewhere near and surrendered. There were 23 of them. The enemy being now driven from all their strong positions on the mountain, Gen. Cox;s division stopped for rest, having been engaged with the enemy since 8 o'clock in the morning. Such is a synopsis of the fighting on our left at South Mountain. The rebel loss in killed was very heavy. They lost three to our one. In the narrow lane behind the stonewall their dead lay in heaps. There were 58 dead rebels thrown down an old well and covered up. Some of the boys out of our company were detailed to bury the dead. And did not again arrive to the regiment until after the Battle of Antietam.&nbsp;</i><br /><i><br /></i><i>After resting on the battle-field until 4 o'clock the next day, we again took up our line of march towards Antietam creek, fighting the enemy every step of the way.&nbsp;</i><br /><br /><i>On Tuesday, there was a brisk artillery duel for over two hours' duration, there being a great number of guns engaged on both sides. But the enemy were compelled to abandon their position and fall back across Antietam creek, where the combined forces of Jackson, Longstreet and Hill were ready to give us battle.</i><br /><br /><i>On Tuesday, the whole day was spent in forming a Line of Battle. There was sharp Artillery firing at long range, in which we had decidedly the advantage, owing to our superiority in guns. The enemy occupied the heights across Antietam Creek and had their forces so disposed as make their position a strong one. The line of battle extended nine miles from right to left. Cox's division were in the advance on the left on Tuesday evening. The 2nd brigade, 36th, 28th, and 11th under Col. Crook, laid along the side of a hill, the enemy shelling them from different batteries for about an hours, wounding some 5 or 6. Owing to the nature of the ground which Col. Crook selected but few were hurt, although shells burst over their heads at the rate of two per minute.</i><br /><br /><i>On Wednesday morning early the great battle of Antietam commenced and in a few moments it became general all along the line. The 11th Conn, 11th regulars, and 11th Ohio, opened the battle on the left. Three Companies of the 11th Ohio being thrown out as skirmishers. Col. Coleman was mortally wounded early in the engagement while deploying the men as skirmishers. No braver man fell on that bloody field. He was always found, in time of danger, at the head of his regiment. He never was known to say "Go boys," but it was always " Come on Boys." He has been with us since our organization at Camp Dennison, and the men placed the utmost confidence in him. Our part of the programme was to force a passage over a narrow stone bridge which spanned the Antietam, directly in front of the heights, occupied by the rebels. The fight at this place was for awhile terrible, but finally our troops charged, took the bridge and drove the enemy from the heights.&nbsp;</i><br /><br /><i>Had the troops that made this charge been supported in time they would have captured the enemies batteries. Some of the men had their hands already on the guns; and had it not been for a new regiment, only three weeks in the service, giving way in the center, the enemy would have been completely routed and their guns captured, as it was they were forced to relinquish a part of the ground they had gained.&nbsp;</i><br /><br /><i>Our part of the programmed being accomplished we had only to hold our position which we did until relieved by fresh troops. Every house, barn, and haystack for miles around were converted into hospitals, and which were crowded to excess. All along the whole line the ground was strewen with dead and wounded. On the right where the enemy massed their troops in solid column, their dead lay in heaps. They lay side by side just as they stood in line of battle. It was been the hardest battle fought during the war, and the rebels were beaten. A good many believe that if the battle had been renewed the next day that the whole rebel army would have been captured but McClellan knew his own business best, and I suppose that if the thing could have "been did" he would have done it.</i><br /><br /><i>The following is the list of killed and wounded in Company A, 11th Regiment:</i><br /><i>Killed--John Hammon---Antietam</i><br /><i>wounded at South Monutain---John Kramer in the leg; James Wyrick, shot in hip; Milyon Smith, shoulder; Robert Frank, in the leg; Lieut. Johnson, slightly.&nbsp;</i><br /><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; J.D.K.</i><br /><br />Sources:<br /><i> </i><br />1. J.D.K. <i>Dayton daily empire.</i> (Dayton [Ohio]), 17 Oct. 1862. <i>Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers</i>. Lib. of Congress. &lt;<a href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85026002/1862-10-17/ed-1/seq-2/">http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85026002/1862-10-17/ed-1/seq-2/</a>&gt;<br /><br />Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-26384346610483094252013-06-23T13:50:00.001-04:002013-06-23T14:42:52.514-04:00Captain Augustus C. Thompson, Co. G, 16th Georgia Infantry<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3kZQINcYTeM/Ucc_BL4nYCI/AAAAAAAAAXI/QGIawlgApoM/s1600/Captain+Augustus+C.+Thompson+Co.+G,+16th+Georgia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3kZQINcYTeM/Ucc_BL4nYCI/AAAAAAAAAXI/QGIawlgApoM/s320/Captain+Augustus+C.+Thompson+Co.+G,+16th+Georgia.jpg" width="265" /></a></div>This is a photograph of Captain Augustus C. Thompson, commanding Company G, 16th Georgia Infantry. He would lead his company in the fighting and be wounded at Crampton's Gap on September 14,1862.<br /><br />Captain Thompson was born in Georgia in 1828 and when war broke out, he would be elected captain of company G on July 20, 1861. He would command his company during the grueling marches and battles during the Summer of 1862. Entering Maryland in September, Thompson would find himself in Howell Cobb's brigade of Lafayette McLaws' division. On September 14, the 16th Georgia was positioned at Brownsville in the rear of McLaw's division as they worked to capture Maryland Heights during the operation against Harper's Ferry. When fighting broke out at Crampton's Gap, Cobb's brigade was ordered to the immediate support of the small Confederate force holding the gap. Arriving at the gap, Thompson would lead his company down to the Burkittsville Road to support the Confederate right. S the regiment was going into position, the Confederate center broke under the weight of the Union assault. Seeing a golden opportunity, the 16th Georgia and Cobb's Infantry Legion, under Jefferson M. Lamar, go into line of battle and begin pouring a murderous flanking fire into the, now, unorganized Union lines. Unknown to these two Confederate regiments, Alfred Torbert's New Jersey Brigade was advancing up the Burkittsville Road and slammed into the flank of Cobb's Legion. The two regiments would be mauled and during the fighting Captain Thompson would be wounded. Following the battle, Thompson would recover from his wound and remain in the Confederate service until he resigned in August 1863.<br /><br />Sources:<br /><br />Library of Congress. <span><i>Liljenquist Family Collection of Civil War Photographs</i>. <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/lilj/item/2012650008/">http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/lilj/item/2012650008/</a> [Accessed 6/23/13]</span><br /><span><br /></span><span>USGenweb Archives. <i>Roster: Company G, 16th Georgia. </i><a href="http://files.usgwarchives.net/ga/jackson/military/civilwar/rosters/cog16.txt">http://files.usgwarchives.net/ga/jackson/military/civilwar/rosters/cog16.txt</a> [Accessed 6/23/13]</span><br /><span><i> </i></span><br /><span>Wiggins, David N. <i>Remembering Georgia's Confederates</i>. [Arcadia Publishing, 2005], pg. 32</span>Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-67495495361183547822013-05-29T21:43:00.000-04:002013-06-23T14:42:29.234-04:00"Many of our men were falling...": Recollection of Rufas Dawes, 6th Wisconsin Infantry<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/RRDawes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/RRDawes.jpg" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Rufus Dawes</td></tr></tbody></table>&nbsp;In the late afternoon hours of September 14th, what would become known as the Iron Brigade would advance directly against the Confederate defenses holding Turner's Gap. Major Rufus Dawes, as part of the 6th Wisconsin Infantry, would participate in the assault. He would write about his experiences during the war and they would be published in 1890. The following is an excerpt covering the regiments march through Frederick and into battle on the 14th, the night after the battle, and the pursuit on the 15th.<br /><br /><i>"Our camp on the quiet Sabbath morning of September 14, 1862, was in the valley of the Monocacy, new Frederick, Maryland. There are few fairer landscapes in our country than this valley affords from its eastern range of hills. The morning was bright, warm, and clear. The bells of the city of Frederick were all ringing. It was a rejoicing at the advent of the host of her deliverance, the Army of the Potomac. The spires of the city were glistening in the morning sunlight. To the south-west could be distinctly heard the muttering of cannon. This was General Stonewall Jackson attacking the garrison at Harper's Ferry. From right to left along the valley below us, were stretched the swarming camps of the blue coats, and every soldier felt his courage rise at the sight. Through a wooded and uneven country, by different and devious routes, the columns of the grand army had marched forward. We had known something of their progress, but had not so felt their power as we did now when they were concentrating before us. The deep feeling of almost affectionate admiration among the solders for the commander of our army, General McClellan, was often thus expressed: "We have got a General now, and we will show the country what we can do."</i><br /><br /><i>At eight o'clock A.M., our brigade marched forward on the National turnpike, the sixth Wisconsin in advance. Our entry into the city was triumphal. The stars and stripes floated from every building and hung from every window. The joyful people thronged the streets to greet and cheer the veterans of the Army of the Potomac. Little children stood at nearly every door, freely offering cool water, cakes, pies, and dainties. The jibes and insults of the women of Virginia, to which our men had become accustomed, had here a striking contrast in a generous and enthusiastic welcome by the ladies of Frederick City. At eleven A.M. we reached the summit of the Katoctin mountain. Fences and trees showed marks of a skirmish of the evening before. From the summit of this mountain a splendid view was spread before us, in the valley of Middleton. Over beyond the valley, eight miles away, from along the slopes of the South Mountain, we could see arising the smoke of battle. We hurried&nbsp; along down the road toward the scene of action, every gun of which we could see and hear. Our march through the little village of Middleton was almost a counterpart of our reception at Frederick City. The people were more excited as the cannon boomed loud and near, and bloodstained soldiers were coming in from the field of battle. Hearing that a colonel of an Ohio regiment had been brought in to Middleton, wounded, I made a special inquiry and found that it was Lieutenant Colonel Hayes of the 23rd Ohio (Rutherford B. Hayes). We marched on beyond Middleton about a mile and a half and then turned into a field to make our coffee. The fires were not kindled, when an order came to fall in and move forward. It was announced that General Hooker had said "that the crest of that mountain must be carried to-night." General Hatch's division turned from the National road toward the right, but an order was recieved assigning Gibbon's brigade to a special duty. The brigade countermarched and advanced again on the National road for half a mole. We then turned to the left into a field and formed two lines of battle. The seventh Wisconsin and nineteenth Indiana were in the front line; the second and sixth Wisconsin in the second line. We had in the ranks of our regiment for hundred men. Simmon's Ohio battery, planted in this field, was firing shell at the rebels on the summit of South Mountain. Before us was a valley, beyond which by a steep and stony slope, rose the South Mountain range. From our position to the summit of South Mountain was perhaps two miles. Two miles away on our right, long lines and heavy columns of dark blue infantry could be seen pressing up the green slopes of the mountain, their bayonets flashing like silver in the rays of the setting sun, and their banners waving in beautiful relief against the background of green.&nbsp;</i><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><i>Battle of South Mountain</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>Turner's gap through which the National turnpike passes over the mountain, was directly in our front. To attack this pass was the special duty for which we had been selected. To our left along the wooded slopes, there was a crash of musketry, and the roll of cannon, and a white cloud of battle smoke rose above the trees. From Turner's gap in our front, and along the right on the summit of the mountain, the artillery of the enemy was firing, and we could see the shells bursting over and among our advancing troops. For nearly an hour we laid upon the grassy knoll, passive spectators of the scene. The sun was sinking behind the mountain, when our order came to move forward.&nbsp;</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>The two regiments in front (7th Wisconsin and 19th Indiana) moved in line of battle. Our regiment and the 2nd Wisconsin followed at supporting distance, formed in double columns. Thus we went down into the valley and began to climb the slope of the mountain, which was smooth at first and covered with orchards and cornfields. The regiment was halted in an orchard and two companies ("B" Captain Rollin P. Converse and "K" Lieutenant John Ticknor) were sent forward as skirmishers. Our skirmishers immediately encountered skirmishers of the enemy and drove them slowly up the mountain, fighting for every inch of the ground. Nothing could be finer than the conduct of these two companies, or more gallant than the bearing of their young leaders. The officer commanding the skirmishers of the second Wisconsin, Captain Wilson Colwell, was killed.</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>For half a mile of advance, our skirmishers played a deadly game of "Bo-peep," hiding behind logs, fences, rocks and bushes. Two pieces of artillery of battery "B" moved up on the turnpike under Lieutenant James Stewart, and when the skirmishers were checked, they would wheel into action and fire shell at the houses, barns, or thickets, where the rebels found a cover. The enemy now turned upon us the fire of their batteries, planted in the pass near the mountain top, but their shot flew over.&nbsp;</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>General Gibbon mounted upon his horse and riding upon high ground where he could see his whole line, shouted orders in a voice loud and clear as a bell and distinctly heard throughout the brigade. It was always "Forward! Forward!" Just at dusk we came to a rough, stony field, skirted on its upper edge by timber. Our skirmishers had encountered the enemy in force and were behind a fence. The seventh Wisconsin in front of us, climbed the fence and moved steadily forward across the field and we followed them, our regiment being formed in double column. Suddenly the seventh Wisconsin halted and opened fire, and we could see a rabid spitting of musketry flashes from the woods above and in front of us, and wounded men from the seventh began to hobble by us. The sharpest fire came from a stonewall, running along in a ravine toward the left of the seventh. Captain John B. Callis was in command of that regiment. He ordered a change of front, throwing his right forward to face the wall; but there burst from the woods, skirting the right of the field, a flame of musketry which sent a shower of bullets into the backs of the men of the right wing of the seventh Wisconsin. Many men were shot by the enfilading fire to which they could make no reply. Captin Hollon Richardson came running towards us shouting: "Come forward, sixth!" Sharp and clear rang out on the night, the voice of Bragg: "Deploy column! By the right and left flanks, double quick, march!" The living machine responded to this impulsive force with instant action, and the column was deployed into line of battle. The right wing of our regiment came into open field, but the left wing was behind the seventh. "Major!" order Bragg, "Take command of the right wing and fire on the woods!" I instantly ordered: <br />"Attention, right wing, ready, right oblique, aim, fire, load at will, load!" The roll of this wing volley had hardly ceased to reverberate, when Bragg said: "Have your men lie down on the ground, I am going over you." "Right wing, lie down! Look out, the left wing is going over you!" was the command. Bragg had brought the left wing behind the right wing and he ordered them forward over the ment of the right wing as they laid upon the ground. The left wing fired a volley into the woods, and the right wing advanced in the same manner over them and fired a volley into the woods. Once more Bragg gave a volley by the left wing. There were four volleys by wing given, at the word of command. In a long experience in musketry fighting, this was the single instance I saw of other than a fire by file in battle. The characteristic of Colonel Bragg in battle was a remarkably quick conception and instant action. The conduct of the men was worthy of their commander. In the deployment of the column under fire, they hurried over the rough and stony field with the utmost zeal, and while many men were struck by the bullets of the enemy, there was neither hesitation nor confusion. After the four volleys by wing and a welcome cheer by the seventh Wisconsin, there was positive enthusiasm. Our whole line was slowly advanced up the mountain, the men shouting and firing. The rebels behind the stone wall and i the timber shout: "O, you d---d Yanks, we gave you h--ll again at Bull Run!" Our men would shout back: "Never mind Johnny, its no McDowell after you now. 'Little Mac' and 'Johnny Gibbon' are after you now." The rebels fell back from the woods, but stuck to the stone wall. The hostile lines had approached each other closely and the fire was deadly. It was dark and our only aim was by the flashes of the enemy's guns. Many of our men were falling, and we could not long endure it. Colonel Bragg took the left wing, directing me to keep up the fire with the right wing, and crept up into the woods on our right, advancing a considerable distance up the mountain. He gained higher ground than that of the enemy in our front, and from this position opened fire.&nbsp;</i><br /><i><br /></i><i>Colonel Bragg directed me to join him with the right wing. Owing to the thick brush and the darkness of the night, it was a difficult matter to scramble up the stony side of the mountain. To add to our difficulties, the rebels opened fire upon us; but our gallant left wing fired hotly in return and the junction was completed. Our cartridges were getting short and our guns were dirty with bad powder. Gradually by direction of Colonel Bragg we ceased firing and lay still on the ground. A man in company "A" exclaimed: "Captain Noyes, I am out of cartridges!" It is likely that the enemy in the woods above us heard him, for they immediately opened upon us a heavy fire. We returned the fire, and for a short time the contest was very sharp. This was the last of the battle. When all was again still, Colonel Bragg felt sure that he could here the enemy withdrawing. He ordered, "Three cheers for the Badger State." They were given and brought no reply. A few volunteer skirmishers crept forward into the woods in front of us. Further pursuit was impossibly. We were nearly out of ammunition and our guns so dirty that we could hardly use them. We lay among thing bushes on the steep rough slope of a mountain in almost total darkness.&nbsp;</i><br /><i><br /></i><i>We did not dare to let the men sleep. Colonel Bragg sent to General Gibbon for ammunition. General Gibbon replied that it was impossible for him to furnish it, but that he hoped that we would soon be relieved by other troops. He said that we must hold the position we had gained so long as there was "an inch of our bayonets left." The night was chilly, and in the woods intensely dark. Our wounded were scattered over a great distance up and down the mountain, and were suffering untold agonies. Owing to the difficulties of the ground and the night, no stretcher bearers had come upon the field. Several dying men were pleading piteously for water, of which there was not a drop in the regiment, nor was there any liquor. Captain Kellogg and I searched in vain for a swallow for our noble fellow (</i>William Lawrence, Co. I)<i> who dying in great agony from a wound in his bowels. He recognized us and appreciated our efforts, but was unable to speak. The dread reality of war was before us in this frightful death, upon the cold, hard stones. The mortal suffering, the fruitless struggle to send a parting message to the far off home, and the final release by death, all enacted in the darkness, were felt even more deeply than if the scene had been relieved by the light of day. After a long interval of this horror, our stretcher bearers came, and the poor suffering heroes were carried back to houses and barns. At last word came that General Sumner's troops were marching up the mountain to relieve us. How glade we were to hear it, they only can know who have experienced the feeling of prostration produced by such scenes and surroundings, after the excitement of a bloody battle. It was after midnight, and it seemed to us bitterly cold. The other regiments of our brigade had marched down the mountain, but our relief--where was it? We sent Adjutant Brooks to General Gibbon, who said that our relief had been ordered, and would certainly come. But it did not come. Colonel Bragg finally sent Adjutant Brooks to Brigadier General Willis A. Gorman, the brigade commander, who had orders to relieve us. The Adjutant reported that he offered to lead the war to prevent the possibility of confusion or mistake, but that General Gorman's reply was:" I can't send men into that woods to-night. All men are cowards in the dark." He forgot that the men whom he condemned to shivering and misery for the rest of the night had fought and won a bloody battle in the dark. We were not relieved until eight o'clock in the morning of September 15th, when the 2nd New York regiment of Gorman's brigade came up. As soon as it became daylight, we examined the field of battle, and found many dead and wounded rebels. The troops opposed to us were five regiments of a brigade commanded by Colonel A.H. Colquitt, the 6th, 23rd, 26th, and 28th Georgia, and 13th Alabama regiments. One rebel soldier from Georgia, wounded in the head, his face a gore of blood, fled from us as we approached. We could hardly persuade him that it was not our purpose to kill him.&nbsp;</i><br /><br /><i>General George B. McClellan was stationed in the same field where Simmon's Ohio battery was planted and he had watched our brigade in the engagement. He wrote the following to the Governor of Wisconsin: " I beg to add my great admiration of the conduct of the three Wisconsin regiments in General Gibbon's brigade. I have seen them under fire acting in a manner that reflects the greatest possibly credit and honor upon themselves and their stated. They are equal to the best troops in any army in the world."</i><br /><br /><i>After being relieved by the second New York we marched down the mountain to the National turnpike and the men began to build fires to make coffee and cook their breakfast, but we were ordered to march immediately to the Mountain House on the top of South Mountain. It was hard, but the men fell in promptly and marched along munching dry hard tack. It was now 24 hours since they had had their coffee. Our brigade was put by General Hooker in the advance in the pursuit of the enemy and our regiment marched at the head of the column. We pushed along the turnpike down the western slope of the mountain. Presently old gray haired men, citizens of Maryland, came rushing up to meet us. They seemed almost frantic with joy. They swung their hats and laughed and cried without regard for appearances. Once respectable old gentleman who trotted along beside my horse said; " We have watched for you, Sir, and we have prayed for you and now thank God you have come."</i><br /><br /><i>Here his feelings got the better of him and he mounted a bank and began to shout. The last I saw of him, he was shouting and thanking God and the 19th Indiana was responding with lusty cheers. As we approached the village of Boonsboro, it seemed deserted, but when our column entered the streets, doors and windows flew open and the people thronged out to greet us. Flags that had been hidden in the darkest corner were now unfurled. These people informed us that the rebel infantry had passed through the town in haste and in much disorder. Colonels were in some cases, they said, carrying regimental banners. They said that General Lee was present when the retreat commenced. We turned to the left in Boonsboro toward Antietam Creek." </i><br /><i>&nbsp;</i></div>Two days later, Dawes and comrades would find themselves in the maelstrom that was David Miller's cornfield now known as The Cornfield. Dawes would survive the fighting at Antietam and go to serve in the Army of the Potomac until the summer of 1864 when he mustered out of service. He would be made a brevet Brigadier General of Volunteers in 1866 to date from March 1865. After the war, he would serve on the board of trustees for Marietta College and serve one term in the US House of Representatives. He would pass away in 1899. <br /><br /><br /><br />Dawes, Rufus Robinson, <i>Service with the Sixth Wisconsin Volunteers</i>, Marietta (OH): E.R. Alderman &amp; Sons, 1890. Available online at archives.org <a href="http://archive.org/stream/servsixthwiscon00dawerich#page/88/mode/1up">here</a>. Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-46055660101717111632013-04-06T10:41:00.000-04:002013-04-06T10:41:45.428-04:00"We immediately moved forward in line to assault the enemy's lines, under a severe and galling fire."In the late afternoon of September 14 on the rolling hills outside of Burkittsville, Maryland, the 5th Maine Infantry deployed as part of the initial Union assault on the Confederate defenses at Crampton's Gap. Commanded by Colonel Nathanial Jackson, the regiment pushed forward on the left of Colonel Joseph Bartlett's brigade fighting to a standstill with the Confederate defenders before being forced to withdraw to resupply their cartridge boxes. The regiment would take part in the final bayonet charge up the side of the mountain that would capture Crampton's Gap. Colonel Jackson reported the regiment suffered 4 killed and 28 wounded in the fight.&nbsp; Listed below are known casualties totaling 18 men (64% of reported in Official Report)<br /><br /><br />Killed<i>:</i><br /><i>Private John Bryant, Company I</i><br /><i>Sergeant E.C. Chadbourne, Company C</i><br /><i>Private Oliver Fletcher, Company I</i><br /><i>Private Samuel Lufkin, Company I </i><br /><br />Wounded:<br /><i>Private Jonathan Alexander, Company G</i><br /><i>Captain Hamlin Bucknam, Company K </i><br /><i>Private James Cooley, Company G&nbsp;</i> <br /><i>Private Abraham Chase, Company E</i><br /><i>Private Charles Dore, Company K </i><br /><i>Private John Godfrey, Company F </i><br /><i>Private John W. Goodwin, Company B</i><br /><i>Corporal S. W. Hatch, Company D </i><br /><i>Private James Kelley, Company C</i><br /><i>Private John Linscott, Company B&nbsp;</i><br /><i>Private William Maxim, Company B</i><br /><i>Private John H. McIntire, Company B </i><br /><i>Private Portland A. Wilson, Company G</i><br /><i>Private Alvah Withee, Company H</i><br /><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="&#45;-"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument></xml><![endif]--><br /><br />Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-42528059120809999322012-10-14T11:53:00.001-04:002012-10-14T12:00:10.626-04:00"At this time, I received a gunshot wound near the knee-joint, which whirled me over...": Captain Abraham Hunter, 23rd Ohio Infantry<br />The following is a letter published in the <i>Clevaland Morning Leader</i> on October 1, 1862. Written by Captain Andrew Hunter,&nbsp; commanding a company in the 23rd Ohio Infantry. Hunter had enlisted in the 23rd as a thirty-two year old first lieutenant in Company K in June 1861. In February 1862, he would be promoted to captain of Company D. Writing from Middletown, he would report back on the status of men from Company K and his experiences during the march in Maryland and the fighting at South Mountain. He would also write about the morale of the wounded in the hospital in Middletown where he was recuperating from a wound he received during the 23rd's charge at South Mountain. He also includes a list of casualties from Company K. Captain Hunter recover from his wound but tragically, he would be killed in action at the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain on May 9, 1864.<br /><br /><br /><div style="text-align: right;"><i>From the 23rd Ohio Regiment</i></div><div style="text-align: right;"><i>Middleton, Md., Sept. 22d, 1862</i></div><div style="text-align: right;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>Since I last wrote you from Flat Top Mountain, Va., our regiment, with four other Ohio regiments, composing General Cox's brigage, have seen some rough times. We left Western Virginia on the 14th of August, reached Washington on the 25th, proceeded immediately to Alexandria, from there to Upton's Hill, where we remained during the late battles at Manassas. Our reverses there did not discourage our men in the least. All they desired was to be led froward to meet the enemy, whose invasion of Maryland causes us to retrace our steps to Washington, through which we marched and joined General Burnside's division, which was en route toward Fredrick City, Maryland.</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>We reached Frederick on the 12th, our division being in advance; we had a skirmish with the enemy's rear guard, composed of artillery and cavalry. The rebels disputed our approach to the city for some time, but soon left us to take quite possession. On entering, our troops were loudly cheered, and at almost every window the ladies waved the stars and stripes. Such demonstrations of loyalty I never before witnessed, especially by the ladies. The next day we marched to the town, encamped for the night in sight of the enemy's camp on the South Mountain, three miles from here, where they made a stand.</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i><br /></i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>At daybreak the next morning our bugles awoke us to prepare for the contest. Our division was in advance on the left, and our regiment, which was sent through the woods, coming suddenly upon a division of the enemy's right--was the first to commence the engagement. For three or four hours the struggle was severe; every foot of ground was disputed on both sides. At first we found it extremely difficult in the thick brush we were in to take sure aim, besides the enemy occupied a small eminence on which was a stone wall behind which they took shelter. I am unable to give you a correct idea of the position of our regiments during the day. The 12th and 30th were in a line with us on the right, and we had each of us enough to do to mind our own business.&nbsp;</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i><br /></i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>At last the order was given to form line at the base of the hill, which, when done, we lay on our arms, and gradually advanced on our hands and knees up the slope until within a short distance of the stone wall, when the order rand along the line, "Up and charge!" I have seen charges made before by old soldiers, but nothing could surpass the Ohio boys in this charge. Every man sprang to his feet, and with a while yell, rushed forward upon the foe. Bayonets clashed for a moment or two, when the rebels took to their heels in great disorder, leaving behind piles of dead and wounded, and some two hundred prisoners.&nbsp;</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i><br /></i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>At this time, I received a gunshot wound near the knee-joint, which whirled me over, and which prevented me from sharing with my brave comrades in the desperate fight on Wednesday, where they suffered severely. Our loss is heavy both in officers and men. Our loss is supposed to be 250 in killed, wounded, and missing, but I rejoice to know that the rebels have got a good thrashing for once, at least.</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i><br /></i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>It is gratifying amid all these scenes of danger and suffering to observe with what spirits the men bear up. In the Hospital the other day, where the wounded were lying, one who is an expert performer on the banjo commenced playing and singing a comic song, which made his wounded companions, in spite of their sufferings, laugh heartily. His name is William Brown, son of respectable parents in Elyria. He is wounded severely in the side; and by the way, there is a young boy from Clevaland whom I observed behave with great coolness in the battle on Sunday. His name is Edward Brooks, son of Dr. Brooks, West Side. A ball had grazed his wrist, and by some means he had lost sight of his company at the time we were about to charge. He begged to be allowed to fall in along with our boys. The last I saw of him he was fighting his way manfully amid the thickest of the ranks. I believe he is well and uninjured.&nbsp;</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i><br /></i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>I have forwarded you a list of casualties in my company, so that the friends of Company K who live in the vicinity of Cleveland may know the fate of their relatives, knowing your paper to have a large circulation in Lorain, where Company K was raised:</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>Serg't Thomas G. Wells, killed; Serg't Jos. Wagner, killed; Corp'l H. Fitts, wounded; Corp'l E. Herrick, wounded; Corp'l. DeGrass Chapman, wounded, Corp'l B.F. Burns, missing; W.R. Terril, wounded; Seward Abel, wounded; Joseph Mitchell, wounded; E. Campbell, wounded; Jacob Bollinger, wounded; J. King, wounded; William Brown, wounded; Jacob Brown, wounded; F. Sammis, wounded; G. Schernes, wounded; J. Hill,wounded; J. Springer, wounded; Albert Squires, wounded; F. Squires, wounded; and among the wounded; is your correspondent, A.A. Hunter, Captain Co. K, 23 Reg't. O.V.I. </i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i><br /></i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i><br /></i></div><div style="text-align: left;">Source:</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Captain Abraham Hunter. "From the 23d Ohio Regiment" <i>Cleveland Morning Leader,</i> October 1, 1862. Accessed October 14, 2012, <a href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83035143/1862-10-01/ed-1/seq-2/">http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83035143/1862-10-01/ed-1/seq-2/</a></div>Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-20698949529195826252012-10-01T07:00:00.000-04:002012-10-01T07:00:17.939-04:00Kemper's Fallen VirginiansArriving at Turner's Gap in the late afternoon, James Kemper's brigade of Virginians were ordered to the embattled Confederate left that was on the verge of collapse. Arriving on the field, after a forced marched and a period of counter-marching around the mountainside , Kemper's brigade was deployed to the left of Richard Garnett's brigade. With Garnett's brigade becoming heavily engaged and forced back, Kemper's pulled back to a fence line where it would remain for the rest of the battle, holding the line until nightfall when the Confederates would retreat off the mountain. There is only one report from Kemper's brigade from this battle (Colonel Montgomery Corse's) so regimental deployment and reported losses from this battle are unknown. The following list are drawn from regimental rosters of known casualties from the battle: 2 killed, 27 wounded, 10 captured. A roster for the 24th Virginia Infantry could not be found at this time. As before, any casualties described as occurring in September 1862 are omitted due to lack of detail on place where the event occurred. <br /><br /><u><b><i>11th Virginia Infantry</i></b></u><br /><br /><u><i>Killed:</i></u><br /><i>Private James B. Brugh, Co. G</i><br /><br /><u><i>Wounded:</i></u><br /><i>Private Christopher S. Booth, Co. G</i><br /><i>Private Hillary B. Brown, Co.E</i><br /><i>Private Edward P. Burroughs, Co. B</i><br /><i>Major Adam Clement, Regt. </i><br /><i>Private Jacob A. Fluke, Co.D</i><br /><i>Private Phillip Gibbs, Co. ? (died of wounds, 9/20/62)</i><br /><i>Private John Hendrick, Co. D (captured also)</i><br /><i>Corporal Tipton D. Jennings, Jr., Co.G</i><br /><i>Private Louis C. Neville, Co. E (captured also)</i><br /><i>Private Henry T. Thompson, Co.D</i><br /><i>Sergeant Elijah H. Walker, Co. K</i><br /><br /><i><u>Captured:</u> </i><br /><i>&nbsp;Private John M. Brafford, Co. K</i><br /><i>Private William C. Courtney, Co. I</i><br /><br /><br /><u><b><i>7th Virginia Infantry</i></b></u><br /><br /><u><i>Wounded:</i></u><br /><i>Private Charles L. Atkins, Co. B (died of wounds 9/25/62)</i><br /><i>Private Jordan R. Berny, Co. G</i><br /><i>Private James I. Cole, Co. D (died of wounds, 9/25/62)</i><br /><i>Private Baldwin L. Hoge, Co. D (captured also)</i><br /><i>Private William D. Jarmen, Co. I</i><br /><i>Color Bearer Tapley Mays, Co. D (died of wounds, 9/17/62)</i><br /><br /><u><i>Captured:</i></u><br /><i>PrivateWilliam H. Brown, Co. C</i><br /><i>Musician Francis M. Burrows</i><br /><i>Private Champ Cambell, Co. G</i><br /><i>Private Tim Darr, Co. D</i><br /><i>Private John S. Dudley, Co. D</i><br /><i><br /></i><u><b><i>1st Virginia Infantry</i></b></u><br /><i><br /></i><u><i>Wounded:</i></u><br /><i>Private John G. Daniel, Co. H</i><br /><i>Private Andrew T. Minor, Co. I</i><br /><i>Private William F. Pumphrey, (captured also)</i><br /><br /><u><i>Captured :</i></u><br /><i>Private John Willey, Co. B</i><br /><br /><u><b><i>17th Virginia Infantry&nbsp;</i></b></u><br /><i><br /></i><u><i>Killed:</i></u><br /><i>Private Marcus D. Darr, Co. B</i><br /><br /><u><i>Wounded:</i></u><br /><i>1st Lieutenant William W. Athey, Co. C</i><br /><i>Private John Beach, Co. H</i><br /><i>Private John Hixon, Co. D (died of wounds Jan. or Feb.1863)</i><br /><i>Corporal Rueben Lane, Co. F</i><br /><i>Priivate James R. Sullivan, Co. F</i><br /><i>1st Lieutenant Albert M. Tubman, Co. E</i><br /><i>Sergeant Francis M. Wallace, Co. C (captured and died of wounds, 9/29/62)</i><br /><br /><u><i>Captured:</i></u><br /><i>Private Richard Mayhugh, Co. D</i><br /><i>Private Jacob Willey, Co. B </i><br /><i></i><br /><i></i><br /><i></i><br /><i></i><br />&nbsp;<br /><br />Sources:<br /><br />Bell, Robert T. <i>11th Virginia Infantry. </i>[Virginia: H.E. Howard, 1985] pgs. 63-100<br /><br />Riggs, David F. <i>7th Virginia Infantry. </i>[Virginia: H.E. Howard, 1982] pgs. 61-101<br /><br />Wallace Jr., Lee A. <i>1st Virginia Infantry. </i>[Virginia: H.E. Howard, 1984] pgs.81-123<br /><br />Wallace Jr., Lee A. <i>17th Virginia Infantry</i>. [Virginia: H.E. Howard, 1990] pgs. 100-146Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-19806639560996302372012-09-17T20:48:00.000-04:002012-09-17T21:28:58.649-04:00Antietam 150th AnniversaryThis past weekend, I was fortunate to take part in the commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the Battle of Antietam (or Sharpsburg). On Saturday I took part in living history events portraying the 4th Virginia infantry of the famed&nbsp; Stonewall Brigade. The brigade number 250 muskets (men in the battle line) and would suffered 88 killed, wounded, and missing. By the end of the battle, the brigade was under the command of a Major and was the size of a large company.<br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-T4kJ7cLeCrU/UFe4gTnyJyI/AAAAAAAAASw/Q31Pf53w230/s1600/100_7959.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-T4kJ7cLeCrU/UFe4gTnyJyI/AAAAAAAAASw/Q31Pf53w230/s320/100_7959.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photo at Stonewall Brigade marker</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-5naCrYrZJXg/UFapKXoOm9I/AAAAAAAAPSc/1HyTM3-5VuY/s1600/IMG_6919.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-5naCrYrZJXg/UFapKXoOm9I/AAAAAAAAPSc/1HyTM3-5VuY/s320/IMG_6919.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Preparing for weapons inspection (photo on Antietam Ranger Mannie Gentile's <a href="http://volunteersinparks.blogspot.com/">blog</a>)</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SMDpEd9la88/UFe7HQ198JI/AAAAAAAAATM/JXDvS8wv-x4/s1600/100_7973.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SMDpEd9la88/UFe7HQ198JI/AAAAAAAAATM/JXDvS8wv-x4/s320/100_7973.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Confederate Camp near Visitor Center</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-CLn2yvlZ6Jw/UFe7BFmrR6I/AAAAAAAAATE/tmzdfpXC1Qw/s1600/100_7972.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-CLn2yvlZ6Jw/UFe7BFmrR6I/AAAAAAAAATE/tmzdfpXC1Qw/s320/100_7972.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Living Historians portraying the 6th Wisconsin marching in line of battle to demonstration area</td></tr></tbody></table><br />On Sunday, Sept. 16th and today, the 17th, I took part in guide and interpretation duties as a volunteer and Antietam Guide trainee in the North Woods and Cornfield area. <br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-C5RNvrnI60A/UFe8gBgnl7I/AAAAAAAAATU/SF2EtMgPrWw/s1600/100_8002.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-C5RNvrnI60A/UFe8gBgnl7I/AAAAAAAAATU/SF2EtMgPrWw/s320/100_8002.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Union Artillery, North Woods area</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-XoWS1Vd4Cm0/UFe8l58TQjI/AAAAAAAAATc/t5M7ANuEqbE/s1600/100_8003.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-XoWS1Vd4Cm0/UFe8l58TQjI/AAAAAAAAATc/t5M7ANuEqbE/s320/100_8003.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Nicodemus Heights, position of Confederate Horse Artillery during early morning fighting.</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-mmBdwHRtpq0/UFe8r9U7LLI/AAAAAAAAATo/TIiqSqQDiKc/s1600/100_8005.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-mmBdwHRtpq0/UFe8r9U7LLI/AAAAAAAAATo/TIiqSqQDiKc/s320/100_8005.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Union troops marching towards demonstration area</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-rS7iLH5G8Mo/UFe8xoMdX0I/AAAAAAAAATw/goVS88dlyUU/s1600/100_8014.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-rS7iLH5G8Mo/UFe8xoMdX0I/AAAAAAAAATw/goVS88dlyUU/s320/100_8014.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">6th Wisconsin living historians marching into North Woods.&nbsp; </td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0EPYbixbQw0/UFe89jscX_I/AAAAAAAAAUA/8xfw9eEF9EM/s1600/100_8023.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0EPYbixbQw0/UFe89jscX_I/AAAAAAAAAUA/8xfw9eEF9EM/s320/100_8023.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Artillery fire</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vKEzuZcopLM/UFe9FXUrC5I/AAAAAAAAAUM/quA3sEsxb4o/s1600/100_8026.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="240" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vKEzuZcopLM/UFe9FXUrC5I/AAAAAAAAAUM/quA3sEsxb4o/s320/100_8026.JPG" title="7th PA Reserve encampment, Joseph Poffenberger Farm" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Union encampment on actual ground of Union bivouac 150 years ago</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-kBwhjsrm5j8/UFe9JdV6zxI/AAAAAAAAAUU/14ScyNNADl8/s1600/100_8037.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-kBwhjsrm5j8/UFe9JdV6zxI/AAAAAAAAAUU/14ScyNNADl8/s320/100_8037.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Head Antietam Guide and volunteer, Jim Rosebrock giving talk on Battery B, 4th US</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-4OCPPCIKYN0/UFe9MbR4vLI/AAAAAAAAAUc/Y9afE8jMybk/s1600/100_8055.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-4OCPPCIKYN0/UFe9MbR4vLI/AAAAAAAAAUc/Y9afE8jMybk/s320/100_8055.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Smoke from North Woods artillery fire</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ajyZlrEblyc/UFe9QSqvC_I/AAAAAAAAAUk/mFa4IJtz6BA/s1600/100_8072.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ajyZlrEblyc/UFe9QSqvC_I/AAAAAAAAAUk/mFa4IJtz6BA/s320/100_8072.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Confederate living historians maneuvering demonsration</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6HkZiBKghmg/UFe9VZOldkI/AAAAAAAAAUs/X_2zNwHGSLQ/s1600/100_8082.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6HkZiBKghmg/UFe9VZOldkI/AAAAAAAAAUs/X_2zNwHGSLQ/s320/100_8082.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Confederate battery on actual Confederate artillery&nbsp; position</td></tr></tbody></table><br />September 17th: <br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-5ZSVad0AWE4/UFe9a2l2p6I/AAAAAAAAAU0/SmzgvDx_P_I/s1600/100_8090.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-5ZSVad0AWE4/UFe9a2l2p6I/AAAAAAAAAU0/SmzgvDx_P_I/s320/100_8090.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">East Woods Area, Union troops would advance and push Confederates out of the woods in early morning fighting.</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GUoPkzbjSH0/UFe9e31fpOI/AAAAAAAAAVA/iw8lJ7TKAj0/s1600/100_8092.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GUoPkzbjSH0/UFe9e31fpOI/AAAAAAAAAVA/iw8lJ7TKAj0/s320/100_8092.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">View of Bloody Cornfield from North Woods</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-PT_p-YvhULk/UFe9kZvGAqI/AAAAAAAAAVI/A9p6cL6-w-4/s1600/100_8100.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-PT_p-YvhULk/UFe9kZvGAqI/AAAAAAAAAVI/A9p6cL6-w-4/s320/100_8100.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">View from&nbsp; Cornfield towards North Woods</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ce7Mf0xyqz4/UFe9pzi8OJI/AAAAAAAAAVQ/5GhoXZCFDEw/s1600/100_8102.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ce7Mf0xyqz4/UFe9pzi8OJI/AAAAAAAAAVQ/5GhoXZCFDEw/s320/100_8102.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">View of Cornfield near East Woods. In this 24 acre cornfield and surrounding area, over 8,000 men would be casualties.</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Sg0uRubQXqo/UFe9t8UxA4I/AAAAAAAAAVY/Dm98gANu2TE/s1600/100_8113.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Sg0uRubQXqo/UFe9t8UxA4I/AAAAAAAAAVY/Dm98gANu2TE/s320/100_8113.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Living Historians, honoring the 1st Texas near the Cornfield</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iF5Emwe2KC4/UFe9x6Te4cI/AAAAAAAAAVg/zKC2j3UxHDc/s1600/100_8120.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iF5Emwe2KC4/UFe9x6Te4cI/AAAAAAAAAVg/zKC2j3UxHDc/s320/100_8120.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Union officer photo-op at Cornfield</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-J8j5uZsPvN8/UFe90_1tRJI/AAAAAAAAAVo/InDgxEjxHDU/s1600/100_8126.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-J8j5uZsPvN8/UFe90_1tRJI/AAAAAAAAAVo/InDgxEjxHDU/s320/100_8126.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Artillery position of Battery B, 4th US Artillery along Hagerstown Turnpike, D.R. Miller Barn in background</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><br />It was a truly humbling experience to be on the field 150 years to the day that a many fathers and sons, both North and South, gave everything for what they believed. Working at both the North Woods and Cornfields tour stops, it was experience meeting the grand-daughter of a Confederate veteran and several others who had made the long trip to follow in the ancestors steps. Several the come to mind were: one gentleman said that a boy scout from his hometown had constructed a memorial for a soldier from the 9th PA Reserves who earned the Medal of Honor in the Cornfield for the capture of two regimental flags from the 1st Texas, one who had come to trace the footsteps and see, for the first time, where his ancestor from the 2nd Wisconsin fought, and another who was following his great-great grandfather in the 80th New York to each of the battlefields on which he fought. It was an incredible experience and I would like to thank the National Park Service for all the hard work put into putting on such a great event and also for preserving such a pristine and beautiful battlefield. <br /><br /><br />Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-80852861140389770082012-09-14T07:00:00.000-04:002012-09-14T07:00:05.894-04:00150th Anniversary: Battle of South Mountain<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Qr6gbpyCUWI/S_fE6D7-40I/AAAAAAAAABY/AVEctcnoPGQ/s1600/battle-south-mountain.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="202" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Qr6gbpyCUWI/S_fE6D7-40I/AAAAAAAAABY/AVEctcnoPGQ/s320/battle-south-mountain.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">6th Corps Assault, Crampton's Gap (Alfred Waud, Oct. 1862)</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br />Today, at roughly 9 in the morning, the first shots of what would swell into the first major battle fought on northern soil were fired between men from Ohio and boy's from North Carolina. The savage fighting that would occur on the slopes near Turner's and Crampton's Gap's and the fields and woodlots around Fox's Gap, would provide a fitting preview to those survivors of the horrors that would come just three days later along the banks of the Antietam Creek. Today take the time to remember those that gave all for those causes they believed in. For more information on the battle follow the links listed below.<br /><br />Fighting:<br />"Hell is empty and all the devils are here":<a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2010/08/hell-is-empty-and-all-devils-are-here.html">Morning fight at Fox's Gap</a> <br />"Bathed in Blood": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2010/12/bathed-in-blood-afternoon-fight-at-foxs.html">Afternoon fight at Fox's Gap</a><br />"Twilight Assault":&nbsp; <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2010/08/cramptons-gap-twilight-assault.html">Battle for Crampton's Gap</a><br />"Well captain...your men fight like devils": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2010/11/pennsylvania-reserves-capture-frostown.html">Pennsylvania Reserves capture the Frostown Gap</a><br />"With their usual gallantry..." <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2012/03/with-their-usual-gallantry-hoods.html">Hood's Division holds the line</a><br />"The men stood like iron.": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2010/07/birth-of-iron-brigade.html">Birth of the Iron Brigade</a><br /><br />More information on the fighting can be found <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/search/label/Fox%27s%20Gap">here</a>, <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/search/label/Crampton%27s%20Gap">here</a>, and <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/search/label/Turner%20and%20Frostown%20Gaps">here</a> or to the right under the labels section.<br /><br />Casualties:<br />"The most fearless man I ever knew.": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2010/05/most-fearless-man-i-ever-knew.html">Brigadier General Samuel Garland</a><br />"The army has met with grievous loss...": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2010/08/army-has-met-with-grievous-loss.html">Major General Jesse L. Reno</a><br />"A Fallen Ohioan": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2011/02/private-george-detrick-fallen-ohioan.html">Private George Detrick, 23rd Ohio</a><br />"Lee's Tarheels": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2011/02/remembering-north-carolinas-fallen.html">Remembering North Carolina's Fallen</a><br />"Rode's Alabamians": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2010/08/while-we-study-war-its-battles.html">Remember Alabama's Fallen</a><br />"As we emerged...the enemy met us with a murderous fire":<a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2011/02/as-we-emerged-enemy-met-us-with.html"> 96th Pennsylvania</a><br />"To stubborn to leave..": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2010/10/men-have-stood-like-iron.html">Fallen of the Iron Brigade</a><br />"Our boy's acted nobly..." <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2010/09/slaughter-of-draytons-brigade.html">Fallen of Drayton's Brigade</a><br />"While we advanced...we suffered heavily.." <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2010/09/slaughter-of-draytons-brigade.html">Fallen of the Pennsylvania Reserves</a><br />"A Fallen Georgian": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2012/03/2nd-lieutenant-william-g-dekle-jr-co-f.html">Lieutenant William G. Dekle, 50th Georgia</a><br />"They called them legion.." <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2012/09/men-of-phillips-legion.html">Men of the Phillips Legion</a><br />"The loss of the brigade...": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2012/08/casualties-of-phelps-brigade.html">Fallen New Yorkers of Phelp's Brigade</a><br />"His place can hardly be filled..." <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2012/04/his-place-can-hardly-be-filled-captain.html">Captain Wilson Colwell, 2nd Wisconsin</a><br />"Exposed to a plunging fire..." <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2012/01/vermonts-fallen.html">Remembering Vermont's Fallen</a><br />"A Fallen Alabamian": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2012/01/lieutenant-colonel-owen-k-mclemore-4th.html">Lieutenant Colonel Owen McLemore, 4th Alabama</a><br />"He fell cheering his men...": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2011/12/captain-william-horsfall-killed-in.html">Captain William Horsefall, 18th New York</a><br />"The loss of the regiment...": <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2011/12/16th-new-york-infantry-casualties.html">The fallen of the 16th New York</a><br />"A deadly fire was opened..." <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2011/05/fallen-ohioans-of-23rd-ohio.html">The fallen of the 23rd Ohio</a><br />"Georgia's sons slaughtered" <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2011/03/bloody-50th-georgias-sons-are.html">The fallen of the 50th Georgia</a><br /><br />More information on the men that fought from letters to recollections can be view to the right under the labels section on by clicking <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/search/label/Letters%20and%20Recollections">here</a>.<br /><br />Again, as we commemorate this battle, please take the time to remember those who gave the last full measure and those who left a piece of themselves on those bloody slopes of South Mountain. Feel free to comment any remembrances you have and remember the event that occurred 150 years ago today. I close with a a couple stanzas of a poem found at National Cemeteries across the country:<br /><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><i>The muffled drum's sad roll has beat<br />The soldier's last Tattoo;<br />No more on life's parade shall meet<br />That brave and fallen few.<br />On Fame's eternal camping ground<br />Their silent tents are spread,<br />And glory guards, with solemn round<br />The bivouac of the dead.<br /><br />Rest on, embalmed and sainted dead,<br />Dear as the blood ye gave,<br />No impious footstep here shall tread<br />The herbage of your grave.<br />Nor shall your glory be forgot<br />While fame her record keeps,<br />For honor points the hallowed spot<br />Where valor proudly sleeps.</i> </div><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-34381817190395159332012-09-13T08:00:00.000-04:002012-09-13T08:00:16.836-04:00Found!: Special Orders 191 <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_XsubXgtmEcM/SzLRwZmdwQI/AAAAAAAAAfQ/ign47D2ZYUY/s400/antietam+special+order.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_XsubXgtmEcM/SzLRwZmdwQI/AAAAAAAAAfQ/ign47D2ZYUY/s200/antietam+special+order.jpg" width="133" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Special Orders 191</td></tr></tbody></table>150 years ago today, a significant event occurred that would affect the outcome of the 1862 Maryland Campaign...and possibly the war. Marching towards Frederick, Maryland on&nbsp; September 13, the 27th Indiana Infantry regiment was in the van of the Union 12th Corps. Stopping mid-morning, the men of the regiment fell out and searched for a place to rest.&nbsp; Falling out, Corporal Barton W. Mitchell discovered a piece of paper wrapped around three cigars. Opening the paper, Mitchell would notice the heading, "Hdqrs. Army of Northern Virginia". Mitchell quickly scanned the document then passed it on to Sergeant John M. Bloss. Bloss immediately rushed the document to his company commander. The document was rushed up the chain of command until it was in the hands of George B. McClellan, commander of the Army of the Potomac. Verifying the authenticity of the document, a staff officer recognized the writing of R.H. Chilton, one of Robert E. Lee's adjutants who wrote the orders due to Lee's injured hands, General McClellan became excited and reportedly exclaimed," Now I know what to do! Here is a paper that if I cannot whip Bobby Lee, I will be willing to go home!"<br /><br />What became known as Special Orders 191 (S.O.191), was formulated by Confederate Robert E. Lee as the Confederate army rested in camps in and around Frederick, Maryland. Issued on September 9th, the orders laid out the plan for the coming days of Lee's campaign as well as for the capture of Harper's Ferry, Virginia (home to a garrison of about 12,000 Union soldiers). Lee had to take Harper's Ferry because his intention was to march farther north and into Pennsylvania but, with this large garrison sitting directly astride is intended line of supply and communication, the Valley Turnpike in the Shenandoah Valley, he could not risk to advance further until the garrison was dealt with.<br /><br />The plan called for the division of Lee's army: General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson would lead his command towards Sharpsburg, Maryland and cross the Potomac River at the most convenient point to capture the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the garrison at Martinsburg, Virginia while closing in on Harper's Ferry from the Northwest. General James Longstreet, with Lee, would move with the "main body" of the Confederate army to Boonsboro, Maryland. A third part under Lafeyette McLaw's would advance to Middletown, Maryland and then south towards Maryland Heights, closing off Harper's Ferry from the direction.&nbsp; A fourth part would be lead by James Walker would take possession of Loudoun Heights and work with McLaws and Jackson to capture Harpers Ferry. Daniel Harvey Hill (D.H. Hill) would form with his division the rear guard of the army and J.E.B. Stuart with his cavalry would cover the army's advance into western Maryland.<br /><br />With orders issued, the movement began on September 10th and the capture of Harper's Ferry was to be completed within a few days. The plan fell behind from the start and its outline changed. Jackson, in overall command of the three columns advancing on Harper's Ferry, would not completely encircle Harper's Ferry until September 13th and Lee would accompany Longstreet to Hagerstown to investigate reports of a sizable Union force of Pennsylvania militia advancing on the vital crossroads town. At this point, Lee's army is stretched across the Maryland countryside and barely within range of support of each other, if at all. At this point, with his army divided by miles of roads and even a major river, Lee was unaware of the events occurring in Frederick and the peril his army was in.<br /><br />One rule of warfare is to not divide your army in the presence of your enemy and Lee had done just that. With the discovery of S.O. 191, McClellan had an idea, despite the orders being four days old, where the Confederate army was in front of him. Jackson was at Harper's Ferry with his division and three others (McLaw's, R.H. Anderson, Walker)and the town was still holding out with telegraphs still coming from the post command Dixon Miles stating that the Confederates were approaching while Longstreet was behind the imposing South Mountain. One of the vital pieces of information missing from the orders was troop strengths so McClellan still believed he was facing a vastly superior enemy. With orders in hand, McClellan made the decision that South Mountain would need to be breached before he could relieve the garrison at Harper's Ferry. From here, Union forces would receive orders to march towards the South Mountain passes at Turner's and Crampton's Gap. It would only be a matter of time before men would clash on the slopes of the mountain.<br /><br />Why was the discovery of S.O. 191 so significant?<br /><br />Robert E. Lee believed that the Union army, an army he had thrashed at Second Bull Run, would be too demoralized and beaten to mount an effective campaign to expel him from Maryland. This belief gave him resolve that he could allow his army some days of much needed rest in the vicinity of Frederick, Maryland while he could formulate the next phase of the campaign. The resulting plan would divide his army and unknowingly Lee would put it's survival at risk.<br /><br />While Lee was resting in Frederick, George B. McClellan was put back into command of the defenses in Washington, D.C. and then again he was put into command of the Army of the Potomac. This Potomac Army was not the same army he had with him during his campaign on the Virginia Peninsula with elements of the defunct Army of Virginia mixed with elements of the original Army of the Potomac. McClellan began his advance out of Washington and September 5, 1862, just days after taking command and while Lee was still crossing his men into Maryland. Moving cautiously, McClellan knew the Confederates where in western Maryland, he was just unsure where and he was tasked with shielding Washington and Baltimore, Maryland from any Confederate advances. McClellan, advancing methodically, was feeling for his opponent with lead elements of his army advancing into Frederick on September 12. The next day would prove to be the first turning point of the campaign when the men of the 27th Indiana discovered Lee's S.O. 191. With the orders rushed to McClellan, verified&nbsp; and intelligence gathered, McClellan stepped up his pressure on the Confederates with the knowledge that Lee had divided his army and here was his opportunity to end the rebellion.<br /><br />The orders he would issue would lead to the first major battle on northern soil at three mountain gaps on South Mountain at Turner's, Fox's, and Crampton's Gap. The ensuing battle would prove to be stalemated at the northern most of the gaps (Turner's and Fox's) but the fighting around Crampton's Gap would prove to be a major Confederate defeat and the Harper's Ferry Expedition would be put into peril with Lafayette and R.H. Anderson's divisions trapped on Maryland Heights and southern Pleasant Valley with their backs to a garrison at Harper's Ferry and the Potomac. This defeat would cause Lee to ordered a&nbsp; withdrawal to Keedysville, Maryland and was contemplating even going back into Virginia. Lee was nearing the end of his Maryland Campaign. Only word, received late on the night of the 14th, that Jackson would take Harper's Ferry, did Lee order a concentration at Sharpsburg.<br /><br />Special Orders 191 would prove important in the fact the McClellan discovered the Lee had divided his army. Pushing his advantage lead to the fight on South Mountain that dramatically altered the campaign. The direct impact that the orders had forced a fight for the mountain gaps and put Lee and his army in a perilous position.<br /><br />Sources:<br /><br />Joseph Harsh.&nbsp; <i>Taken at the Flood: Robert E. Lee &amp; Confederate Strategy in the Maryland Campaign of 1862. </i>[Kent State University Press,1999]<br /><br />Stephen Sears. <i>Landscape Turned Red:</i><i>Landscape Turned Red: The Battle of Antietam</i>. [Mariner Books, 1983]Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-23905330842359522242012-09-11T22:57:00.002-04:002013-04-06T10:07:19.066-04:00Remembering New Jersey's Fallen<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> 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text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.southmountain.stonesentinels.com/Resources/NJBde0065-M.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="182" src="http://www.southmountain.stonesentinels.com/Resources/NJBde0065-M.png" width="200" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">New Jersey Monument, South Mountain</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;">During the fighting that would take place at Crampton's Gap, Alfred Torbert's all-New Jersey brigade went into the fight at a critical moment. The&nbsp; momentum of the Union assault stalled and </span><span style="font-size: small;">the men of Joseph Bartlett's brigade were running out of ammunition. Torbert was ordered to advance his brigade and after a sharp fight, he ordered a charge. "A cheer, and the men went forward at the double-quick...", Torbert's men broke the Confederate line and pushed up the Burkittsville Road slamming into the flank of Confederate reinforcements that were hastily thrown into the fight. Flushed with victory, the New Jersey men push on and with other 6th Corps soldiers, gain control of Crampton's Gap. When the fighting was over, 174 men from New Jersey laid, killed or wounded, on the mountainside. Listed here are 58 of those men, 32% of those reported. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>1<sup>st</sup> New Jersey (Lt. Colonel Mark W. Coliet commanding)</b></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>&nbsp;</b>Killed:</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private James Cox, Co. C</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private John Brown, Co. E</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Joseph E. Dilks, Co. E</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Corporal Julius Houriett, Co. I</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Patrick McGourty, Co. I</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Kiren Campbell, Co. I</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Ernest Leu, Co. K</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Wounded:</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Charles Melman, Co. B (died of wounds 10/31/62)</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Charles Exner, Co. C (died of wounds 10/18/62)</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private George S. Heany, Co. D</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Charles Mclaughlin, Co. E</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">2<sup>nd</sup> New Jersey<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>(Colonel Samuel Buck commanding)</b></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i>Killed:</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private William Callender, Co. A</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private James P. Lyndon, Co. C</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private John McMonigle, Co. C</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Jacob Windecker, Co. D</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Conrad Reis, Co. E</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Jerry Carroll, Co. F</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private William Mcvay, Co. F</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Corporal George Somerville, Co. H</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Byron Lawton, Co. I</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private William McCloud, Co. I</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Emanuel Boudiette, Co. K</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Andrew Hemberger, Co. K</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i>Wounded:</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Jacob Smith, Co. B (Died of wounds 10/8/62)</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Thomas Kendall, Co. C (Died of wounds Sept. 1862)</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Samuel Mellor, Co. C (Died of wounds 11/1/62)</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Philip Tanner, Co. D (Died of wounds 10/7/62)</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private William Kleine, Co. E</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Herman Jansen, Co. E (Died of wounds 10/1/62)</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Boles Taylor, Co. F</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private David Burtchell, Co. H</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Jabez Fearey, Co. K</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Robert Grabeck, Co. K</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private William A. Leibe, Co. K</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private William Nalborough, Co. K (died of wounds 10/1/62)</i></div><br /><div class="MsoNormal"><i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">3<sup>rd</sup> New Jersey (Colonel Henry Brown commanding)</b></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i>Killed:</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private James T. Caffery, Co. A</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Michael Donnell, Co. A</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private William J. Ballenger, Co. C</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Charles H. Bacon, Co. F</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Thomas B. Keen, Co. F</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Sergeant Theodore McCoy, Co. G</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Corporal Thomas Alcott, Co. H</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Hugh Loughran, Co. H</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private David Harrigan, Co. I</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Anthony H.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Perry, Co. I</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private William Garry, Co. K</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i>Wounded:</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private James Hollingsworth, Co. B</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private James Williams, Co. E (died of wounds 9/17/62)</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont 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mso 10]><style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style><![endif]--> </div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">4<sup>th</sup> New Jersey (Colonel William B. Hatch commanding)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span></b></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i>Killed:</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Adjutant Josiah S. Studdiford, Regt.</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Samuel S. Hull, Co. B</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Sergeant George J. Pettit, Co. C</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Andrew Flash, Co. C</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Joseph E. Ware, Co. F</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Mitchell Walker, Co. I</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Daniel Dixon, Co. I</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Sergeant William W. Palmer, Co. K</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Robert C. Curry, Co. K</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i>Wounded:</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Private Jesse G. Eastlack, Co. H (Died of wounds 03/27/63)</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><br /><br />Sources:<br /><div style="font-family: Times,&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: Times,&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> 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table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style><![endif]--> </div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;"><span style="font-family: Times,&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif;">New Jersey, Adjutant-General's Office. </span><i style="font-family: Times,&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif;">RECORD OF OFFICERS AND MEN OF NEW JERSEY IN THE CIVIL WAR, 1861-1865</i><span style="font-family: Times,&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif;">.[Trenton, NJ, John L. Murphy, Steam Book and Job Printer, 1876.] Two volumes. "Published by authority of the Legislature." William S. Stryker, Adjutant General. (found online at the<a href="http://slic.njstatelib.org/new_jersey_information/searchable_publications"> New Jersey State Library</a>) </span></span></span></div>Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-83198122610960197082012-09-07T09:00:00.000-04:002012-09-07T09:00:09.653-04:00One week...<span class="userContent">&nbsp;Today marks one week until the 150th anniversary of the Battle of South Mountain. Below is the schedule of events that will be occurring at South Mountain State Battlefield on September 14th and 15th. For more information, contact the park office at 301-432-8065. Seems like the rangers and volunteers working at South Mountain have a very interesting schedule of events. </span><br /><br /><span class="userContent">The Maryland Campaign 150th Anniversary <br /> South Mountain State Battlefield <br /> Program and Event Schedule<br /> September 14<br /> <br /> Battlefield Hikes:<br /> These hikes are design to provide an opportunity to walk the battlefield and get a closer look at significant events from the battle on September 14, 1862. The hikes will be guided by Park Rangers and will last one to one and one half hours.<br /> <br /> 9:00 a.m. The Maryla</span><br /><div class="text_exposed_show">nd Campaign – An Overview. Meet at Washington Monument State Park.<br /> <br /> 10:30 a.m. “Hell is Empty and all the Devil’s are Here” - The Morning Phase at Fox’s Gap. Meet at the Reno Monument<br /> <br /> 12:30 p.m. “The Line Moved Steadily Forward” – The Fight for Frostown Gap. Meet at the Pennsylvania Reserves Field along Frostown Road<br /> <br /> 2:30 p.m. “Our Boys Acted Nobly” – Drayton’s Brigade at Fox’s Gap. Meet at the Appalachian Trail parking lot next to the South Mountain Inn<br /> <br /> 4:30 p.m. “Twilights Last Gleaming” – The battle for Crampton’s Gap. Meet at Gathland State Park.<br /> <br /> Living History<br /> Ongoing living history interpretive programs will be held from 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. These programs will highlight significant areas of the battlefield and will be accessible by means of an auto tour. To begin the tour of the battlefield and living history programs, pick up a map from the museum at Washington Monument State Park.<br /> <br /> Speaker Series<br /> <br /> The Maryland Campaign 150th Commemoration quest speaker series will detail the Battle of South Mountain with a lecture at Washington Monument State Park on September 14th, 2012 at 7:00 PM. The featured speaker will be Maryland Park Service Ranger Al Preston. Ranger Preston is the former Assistant Superintendant for the South Mountain Recreation Area. Ranger Preston served on the Governor's Task Force that studied the need to preserve South Mountain and was present at the Maryland State House in the summer of 2000 when the bill was signed into law designating South Mountain as Maryland’s first State Battlefield. He remained at South Mountain evolving the State’s newest battlefield until he was promoted to his current assignment as Superintendant of Herrington Manner and Swallow Falls State Parks in Garrett County Maryland. Ranger Preston is a 25 year veteran of the Maryland Park Service and a Graduate of Frostburg State University. <br /> <br /> Who. Ranger Al Preston<br /> What. Lecture on The Maryland Campaign’s Battle of South Mountain <br /> Where. Washington Monument State Park, Fort Necessity Shelter<br /> When. Friday September 14, 2012 at 7:00 PM<br /> Cost. $2.00/vehicle Maryland resident $5.00/vehicle non Maryland resident<br /> Accessibility. The shelter, adjacent parking, and restrooms are wheelchair accessible. <br /> <br /> September 15<br /> <br /> Battlefield Hikes:<br /> These hikes are design to provide an opportunity to walk the battlefield and get a closer look at significant events from the battle on September 14, 1862. The hikes will be guided by Park Rangers and will last one to one and one half hours.<br /> <br /> 9:00 a.m. “They Stood Like Iron” – The Battle for Turner’s Gap. Meet at the Appalachian Trail parking lot next to the South Mountain Inn.<br /> <br /> 11:00 a.m. “With Their Usual Gallantry” – Hood’s Division Stems the Tide at Fox’s Gap. Meet at the Appalachian Trail parking lot next to the South Mountain Inn.<br /> <br /> 1:00 p.m. “Semmes Gambles – and Losses” - The battle for Crampton’s Gap. Meet at Gathland State Park.<br /> <br /> 3:00 p.m. The Battle that Never Came – Pleasant Valley on September 15. Meet at Gathland State Park.<br /> <br /> Living History<br /> Ongoing living history interpretive programs will be held from 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. These programs will highlight significant areas of the battlefield and will be accessible by means of an auto tour. To begin the tour of the battlefield and living history programs, pick up a map from the museum at Washington Monument State Park.</div>Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-91194131717667139822012-09-01T21:24:00.001-04:002012-09-01T21:24:48.229-04:00Men of the Phillip's LegionListed here are a few photographs of men that would find themselves fighting for their lives during the savage afternoon fighting that would swirl around the Daniel Wise Cabin at Fox's Gap. <br /><br /><br /><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-JGxljk2i33k/UEKf4lKW7oI/AAAAAAAAASM/sg4svtRJQ30/s1600/Captain+Joseph+E.+Hamilton,+Co.+E,+Phillips+Legion+WIA.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="181" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-JGxljk2i33k/UEKf4lKW7oI/AAAAAAAAASM/sg4svtRJQ30/s200/Captain+Joseph+E.+Hamilton,+Co.+E,+Phillips+Legion+WIA.JPG" width="200" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Captain Hamilton, 1864</td></tr></tbody></table><i>&nbsp;Captain Joseph E. Hamilton, Co. E</i>:<br />Born in April 1839, Captain Hamilton was only 23 when he lead his company into the maelstrom that was the afternoon fighting at Fox's Gap. Commanding his company during the three regiment assault order by brigade commander Thomas F. Drayton, Hamilton would lead his company into the teeth of the massive Union 9th Corps. Under heavy musketry, the Hamilton would pull his men out of the fight but only after he was wounded and fortunately, he would be able to make his escape off the mountain. Hamilton would continue fighting until he was captured during the retreat to Appomattox. He would survive being sent to a northern prison and would live until 1907.<br /><br /><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-uRlv6KnH4Ow/UEKhCTMC8WI/AAAAAAAAASU/BJjlPRYgMPM/s1600/Captain+James+M.+Johnson,+Co.+L,+CIA.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-uRlv6KnH4Ow/UEKhCTMC8WI/AAAAAAAAASU/BJjlPRYgMPM/s200/Captain+James+M.+Johnson,+Co.+L,+CIA.JPG" width="150" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Capt. Johnson, circa 1863</td></tr></tbody></table><i>Captain James M. Johnson, Co. L</i>:<br />A native North Carolinian, Captain Johnson would spend much of his life living in Georgia where he would attend the Georgia Military Institute. He would serve in the 14th Georgia Infantry before returning to Georgia after being discharge for disability in December 1861. Not wanting to miss out on the war, he enlisted in what would become Company L, Phillips' Legion and was given command of the company as it's captain. Leading his company at South Mountain, Hamilton would be wounded in the thigh and the nature of his wound would cause him to fall into the hands of Union forces. He would be paroled and returned to Richmond by October 1862. He would survive the fighting at Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg but would fall, mortally wounded, during the attack on Fort Saunders near Knoxville, Tennessee in late 1863.&nbsp; <br /><br /><br /><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-poaUbM-ZcFg/UEKhqP3q_9I/AAAAAAAAASc/AUQboKapM-M/s1600/Lt.+Abraham+Jones,+Co.+D,+Phillips+Legion+KIA.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-poaUbM-ZcFg/UEKhqP3q_9I/AAAAAAAAASc/AUQboKapM-M/s200/Lt.+Abraham+Jones,+Co.+D,+Phillips+Legion+KIA.JPG" width="143" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lt. Jones, 1850's</td></tr></tbody></table><i>1st Lieutenant Abraham Jones, Company D</i>:<br />Initially serving as part of a Georgia State Brigade, Lieutenant Jones would find himself serving in Phillips' Legion in August 1861. Jones would serve with the regiment in the western Virginia campaign in late 1861 before the legion was sent back to the deep south to protect coastal areas. By July 1862, Jones was back in Virginia with the Legion as part of the newly created brigade of Thomas Drayton. During the ensuing campaign and victory at Second Manassas, Jones would write home that he believed the army was about to cross the Potomac. With his belief a reality, Jones would march on the roads of western Maryland eventually reaching Hagerstown on September 11. On September 14, Jones would find himself marching back towards South Mountain. Arriving on the mountain, Jones would find himself at Fox's Gap advancing through farmer Daniel Wise's South Field and into a woodlot. Suddenly firing breaks out and after a severe firefight, Phillips' Legion is forced from the field. Tragically, Jones would not be among the survivors. At some point during the fight, he would fall and he would be listed as killed as a result of the fighting. He would be buried with his fellow soldiers in mass graves in the fields around Fox's Gap. Here he would rest until the mid-1870's when the Confederate dead were recovered, if possible, and re-interred in Hagerstown, Maryland. If his grave was found, he is likely listed as an unknown among the over 2,000 Confederates buried in Hagerstown. <br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-33efy9Sro0M/TSc_MiXl0sI/AAAAAAAAAJk/G734ndljTBY/s1600/smith.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-33efy9Sro0M/TSc_MiXl0sI/AAAAAAAAAJk/G734ndljTBY/s200/smith.jpg" width="134" /></a></div><i>Chaplain George Gilman Smith</i>:<br />Serving as the pastor of a small church in Georgia prior to the war, Chaplain Smith would find himself serving with the Phillips Legion when war broke out. He would, to his disdain, receive the moniker "fighting chaplain". Smith would find himself with the Legion's battle line as it advanced into Wise's South Field at Fox's Gap.&nbsp; With the advance and confusion of the coming fight, Smith served as a sort of courier for the Legion to help avoid a friendly fire situation and also to warn General Drayton of a Union column advancing up the Old Sharpsburg Road. After warning Drayton, Smith saw that the Confederates were under fire from three directions. Rushing to warn the commander of the Legion, he saw them retreating in utter confusion. At this point, Smith would be severely wounded in the throat with a bullet entering his throat and exiting near his spine, paralyzing an arm. Smith would be carried off the field by a group of soldiers who believe his wound was mortal. Smith would survive his wounds and live until 1913. He wrote an account of his experience on the mountain that can be read <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2011/01/if-you-will-permit-i-will-tell-you.html" target="_blank">here.</a><br /><br /><br />Sources:<br /><br />Kurt Graham.<span style="font-size: small;"> <i>Phillip's Georgia Legion - Infantry Battalion. <a href="http://www.angelfire.com/tx/RandysTexas/page122.html" target="_blank">Biographies-Photos-Reminiscences</a>. </i>[accessed 9/1/2012]</span>Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-38553847281646460582012-08-31T23:29:00.001-04:002012-08-31T23:29:26.412-04:00Casualties of Phelp's BrigadeTaking command of his brigade of just hours before leading it into battle, Colonel Walter Phelps, Jr. lead his four regiments of New Yorkers (22nd, 24th, 30th, and 84th regiments) against the lightly defended mountain spur. Phelps was initially ordered to support the Marsena Patrick's brigade as it advanced towards the mountain in strong skirmish lines. Phelps would instead, unknowingly, lead his brigade through a gap in Patrick's line and after advancing slowly, ascertained where the Confederate position was and advised division commander John Hatch. Hatch came to Phelp's and began urging Phelp's men forward. Hatch would be wounded as a result. Phelp's would push his brigade forward and after a heavy engagement, his men would force the Confederates back. Phelp's would hold his position until relieved by the brigade of Abner Doubleday. Phelps would stated that he would lead less then 400 officers and men into battle, losing 20 killed, 67 wounded, and 8 missing for a total of 95, a loss of "a fraction less than 25 percent". The 2nd U.S. Sharpshooters, who were assigned to this brigade, were serving on detached service and were not part of the brigades fight. Listed here are the sixty-one known casualties, 64% of those reported. <br /><br /><br /><i>Killed:</i><br /><i>Private Joseph D. Bryson, Co. H,&nbsp; 84th New York/14th Brooklyn</i><br /><i>Private Nathanial C. Carshaw, Co. K, 84th New York/14th Brooklyn</i><br /><i>Private George P. Coats, Co. E, 24th New York </i><br /><i>Private James Evans, Co. K,&nbsp; 22nd New York</i><br /><i>Private John Farrell, Co. D, 30th New York</i><br /><i>Private John Gibson, Co. I, 30th New York </i><br /><i>Private Henry W. Hathaway, Co. C, 22nd New York</i><br /><i>Private Oliver S. Lackey, Co. B, 22nd New York</i><br /><i>Private James McCauce, Co. A, 24th New York</i><br /><i>Private William McMurray, Co. A, 30th New York&nbsp;</i><br /><i>Private William G. Miller, Co. A, 84th New York/14th Brooklyn</i><br /><i>Private Charles Mussehl, Co. F, 84th New York/14th Brooklyn</i><br /><i>Private John Neason, Co. G, 22nd New York</i><br /><i>Private Daniel Pendell, Co. F, 22nd New York</i><br /><i>Private Jonathan G. Porter, Co. A, 22nd New York</i><br /><i>Private Samuel R. Rose, Co. A, 84th New York/14th Brooklyn </i><br /><i>Private Charles Stickney, Co. B, 22nd New York</i><br /><i>Private James Sullivan, Co. H, 30th New York </i><br /><i>Private Francis Weaver, Co. A, 24th New York </i><br /><i>Private Seldon Whitney, Co. H, 22nd New York</i><br /><i>Private John Wright, Co. A, 22nd New York</i><br /><i><br /></i><i>Wounded:</i><br /><i>Private Michael Ariel, Co. C, 22nd New York</i><br /><i>Private Frank Aubin, Co. E, 22nd New York </i><br /><i>Private Albert W. Bailey, Co. A, 24th New York</i><br /><i>Private Suell J. Baldwin, Co. G, 24th New York </i><br /><i>1st Lieutenant Severin Beaulien, Co. D, 24th New York</i><br /><i>Private Wilber B. Buswell, Co. E, 22nd New York (died of wounds, 9/15/62) </i><br /><i>Private Sylvester Clark, Co. C, 24th New York </i><br /><i>Private William D. Coddington, Co. D, 84th New York/14th Brooklyn (died of wounds, 9/19/62)</i><br /><i>Private Micheal Connolly, Co. F, 84th New York/14th Brooklyn</i><br /><i>Private John Cunningham, Co. B, 84th New York/14th Brooklyn</i><br /><i>Private Frank Cutler, Co. H, 24th New York (died of wounds, 10/14/62)&nbsp;</i><br /><i>2nd Lieutenant Charles S. Doubleday, Co. H, 22nd New York</i><br /><i>Captain William D. Ferguson, Co. G, 24th New York </i><br /><i>Private Charles Gillgan, Co. A, 24th New York </i><br /><i>Private Adam A. Hoffman, Co. C, 30th New York (died of wounds, 11/6/62)</i><br /><i>Private Derenzie R. Holley, Co. K, 24th New York</i><br /><i>Private Michael Keefe, Co. F, 24th New York </i><br /><i>Private Thomas Keefe, Co. A, 30th New York (died of wounds, 9/27/62)</i><br /><i>Private William E. Kelly, Co. H, 30th New York&nbsp;</i><br /><i>Private Charles H. Kile, Co. K, 30th New York&nbsp;</i><br /><i>Private Henry Limteoh, Co. H, 24th New York</i><br /><i>Private David Lody, Co.I, 24th New York </i><br /><i>Private William Madden, Co. B, 84th New York/14th Brooklyn</i><br /><i>Private Charles McCauley, Co. F, 24th New York </i><br /><i>Private Thomas McDougall, Co. H, 24th New York </i><br /><i>Private Charles McIntyre, Co. E, 30th New York&nbsp;</i><br /><i>Private John Murray, Co. A, 22nd New York (died of wounds, 10/23/62)</i><br /><i>Private Erastus North, Co. C, 24th New York </i><br /><i>Captain Melzar Richards, Co. D, 24th New York </i><br /><i>Private Alanson Pearson, Co. C, 84th New York/14th Brooklyn (died of wounds,10/27/62) </i><br /><i>Private Henry Seeman, Co. F, 24th New York</i><br /><i>Private Erwin Shutts, Co. I, 24th New York </i><br /><i>Private Orlando Sykes, Co. B, 24th New York </i><br /><i>Private William H. Taylor, Co. C, 24th New York&nbsp;</i><br /><i>Private William Tero, Co. C, 22nd New York</i><br /><i>Private Gorgon F. Veilie, Co. B, 22nd New York</i><br /><i>Private Louis Vermit, Co. G, 22nd New York</i><br /><i>Private Enos Weed, Co. H, 24th New York&nbsp;</i><br /><i>Private Knight D. Whitney, Co. K, 24th New York</i><br /><i>Private Alva J. Williams, Co. B, 22nd New York</i><br /><i><br /></i><i><br /></i><i><br /></i>Sources:<br /><br />New York State Division of Military and Naval Affairs: Military History. <i>New York State Military Museum</i>, <a href="http://dmna.ny.gov/historic/reghist/civil/rosters/Infantry/22nd_Infantry_CW_Roster.pdf" target="_blank">22nd New York roster</a>. [accessed 8/31/12]<br /><br />Ibid. <a href="http://dmna.ny.gov/historic/reghist/civil/rosters/Infantry/24th_Infantry_CW_Roster.pdf" target="_blank">24th New York roster</a>. [accessed 8/31/12]<br /><br />Ibid.&nbsp;<a href="http://dmna.ny.gov/historic/reghist/civil/rosters/Infantry/30th_Infantry_CW_Roster.pdf" target="_blank">30th New York roster</a>. [accessed 8/31/12]<br /><br />Ibid. <a href="http://dmna.ny.gov/historic/reghist/civil/rosters/Infantry/84th_Infantry_CW_Roster.pdf" target="_blank">84th New York/14th Brooklyn roster</a>. [accessed 8/31/12<br /><br />The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of of the records of the Union and Confederate Armies; Series 1, Volume 19 (part 1), pgs. 231-231. <br /><br />Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-69394451166545416182012-08-15T23:24:00.000-04:002012-08-31T23:30:18.752-04:00"I have never been able to account for my escape." : Reminiscence of Hugh W. Barclay, 23rd Georgia<div style="text-align: left;"></div><div style="color: black; font-family: inherit;"><em><strong><span style="font-size: small;">&nbsp;</span></strong></em><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>On September 14, 1862, Lt. Hugh W. Barclay of Company B, 23rd Georgia Infantry would find himself in position with his company, taking cover behind a sturdy stonewall on the eastern slope of South Mountain. Barclay's mission, along with the rest of Alfred Colquitt's brigade, was to hold the line protecting Turner's Gap, preventing Union forces from gaining control of the gap and severely jeopardizing the Confederate position.&nbsp; In the following passage, Barclay describes the intense struggle between Colquitt's brigade and John Gibbon's midwesterner's of the Iron Brigade, including the death of a fellow officer and the wounding of his brother, E.S. Barclay of the Phillips Georgia Legion.&nbsp; This is only an excerpt dealing with the fighting on South Mountain, the whole piece covers Barclay's service during the war as told to his niece. <br /><div style="color: black; font-family: inherit;"><br /></div><div style="color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></div><div style="color: white; font-family: inherit;"><em><span style="font-size: small;">We rested one day at Frederick and continued our march to Hagerstown where went into camp. This was Saturday the 13th of September 1862, and that evening the cavalry reported the enemy not far away.&nbsp;</span></em></div><div style="color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></div><div style="color: white; font-family: inherit;"><em><span style="font-size: small;">Next morning, Sunday the 14th, we marched back a few miles to South Mountain, formed line of battle and waited the coming of McClellan's advance. About 3 o' clock in the evening the pickets began firing, the position of the 23rd Geo. Was about half way down the mountain to the left of the road, seven companies of which were behind a rock fence and the other three companies D.E. &amp; B, exposed, my company B. one of them. The Yankees advanced in great force, and seemingly with much assurance. For a while we three companies made it as warm as possible for them, but soon we were shot out. In fifteen minutes with 32 men in my company, 23 were killed and wounded, five dead on the field. The other companies, D &amp; E, suffered in about the same ratio. I have never been able to account for my escape. </span></em> <em><span style="font-size: small;">We were lying flat on the ground and upon our knees to shoot. Sergent Price by whose side I was lying, and who is now, if living, a Baptist preacher, in North Georgia, received several wounds, and a man on my right was shot in the forehead, fell dead across me. When my company was shot out, I got behind a big rock which was in line with the regiment behind the rock fence and there I found Lt. Steel of Company D. We were lying side by side looking at the blaze of fire from the men behind the rick fence and listening to the hurrahs of the Yankees who made charge after charge when an occasional bullet came up the line our way. Lt. Steel remarked, "They have flanked the regiment on their right and we will be captured". I told him I thought not or hoped not, when just then I heard the dull thud of the bullet that hit him, and he said "I am killed". He never moved, and the bullet that hit him, must have entered his heart. It must have gone over me or under me for I was nearest the direction from whence it came. This battle, much of it, was at night, as late as 9 o' clock it must have lasted. The regiment behind the rock fence were about out of ammunition, and fortunately about this time the Yankees ceased firing. Our troops away to the right were giving away and word was passed up the line to quietly slip away which the men did, and the regiment escaped capture. The loss here to the regiment was confined principally to the three companies. Away to our right we suffered considerably, losing many men and officers, and among the latter, my brother, E.S. Barclay, Lt. Col. Phillips, Geo. Legion who was seriously wounded, and though he lived a year or so thereafter, never recovered. </span></em> <em><span style="font-size: small;">The enemy, some of our men said who were wounded and captured said the Yankees loss in front of the rock wall was about 300 killed, including the Federal General Reneau(Reno). Gen. Hill rode up to Gen. Colquitt during the fight and asked what regiment that was down there and said they would be captured. </span></em> </div><div style="color: white; font-family: inherit;"></div><div style="color: white; font-family: inherit;"><em><span style="font-size: small;">Brother William was proud of the conduct of his regiment that night. In his report of that battle, General Hill called Brother the hero of South Mountain. This battle was made necessary to the assembling of the army for the great battle of Sharpsburg which followed the next Tuesday and Wednesday. All that Sunday night we marched, passing through the village of Sharpsburg and went into camps on the banks of the Potomac. After the close calls I had in this battle, it would seem I never should have been scared thereafter. . .</span></em></div><div style="color: black; font-family: inherit;"></div><div style="color: black; font-family: inherit;"></div><div style="color: white; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sources:</span></div><div style="color: white; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;">&nbsp; Unknown,&nbsp; <a href="http://196thovi.tripod.com/23rdgeorgiainfantry/id34.html" target="_blank">Barclay Reminiscence</a> . http://196thovi.tripod.com/23rdgeorgiainfantry/id34.html [accessed August 15, 2012.]&nbsp;</span><em><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><strong></strong></em></div><div style="color: white; font-family: inherit;"><em><strong><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></strong></em></div><div style="color: black; font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: white;">Unknown, </span><a href="http://196thovi.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/.pond/hughwashingtonbarclay.jpg.w180h210.jpg" style="color: white;" target="_blank">Barclay photo</a><span style="color: white;"> . [accessed August 15, 2012]</span></span></div>Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-6595395955443560182012-08-12T23:51:00.000-04:002012-08-31T23:30:02.223-04:00"never a more plucky or determined fighter.": Major General Daniel H. Hill<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Ss559F7qet8/TQfKROFhkRI/AAAAAAAAAIo/LaxYHgtR0rI/s1600/hill_dh.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Ss559F7qet8/TQfKROFhkRI/AAAAAAAAAIo/LaxYHgtR0rI/s200/hill_dh.gif" width="136" /></a></div>&nbsp;&nbsp; Commanding a division of roughly 5,000 men,&nbsp; Daniel Hill found himself facing the entire Union army advancing towards his position at South Mountain. Determined to hold the vital passes, Hill deployed two brigades and ordered up his remaining brigades to his headquarters at the Mountain House for deployment.With three mountain passes to hold and limited manpower, Hill initiated the battle that would buy time for Confederate forces at Harper's Ferry.&nbsp; James Longstreet described Hill as a "plucky...determined fighter." and his pluckiness and determination would show on September 14th and with help on the way from Hagerstown, several miles away, the question was, would Hill's determination and pluckiness help his men hold until help arrived?<br /><br />Daniel Harvey Hill was born on July 12, 1821 in York District (County),&nbsp; South Carolina to Nancy and Solomon Hill. Hill would lose his father when he was only four and his mother would raise him and his 10 siblings. While he was a child, Hill was surely exposed to stories of war, his paternal grandfather had an iron works that supplied cannon to the Continental Army during The Revolution and his maternal grandfather was a scout for revolutionary general Thomas Sumter. Hearing the family history and his mother raising him as a dedicated christian, Hill accepted that slavery was a part of the southern way of life and that southerners had played a vital, if not the most important, role in winning the American Revolution. This belief shaped the young Hill's mind to despise anything related to the north.<br /><br />In 1838, Hill was nominated for appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. Hill was an average cadet during his time at West Point and he would graduate in 1842 ranked 28th out of a class of 56. A class that included future civil war generals John Pope, Lafayette McLaws, Abner Doubleday, and James Longstreet. Following his graduation, Hill was assigned to the artillery and he would see action during the Mexican-American War, receiving acclaim for actions during the war. Upon returning from war, Hill would marry Isabella Morrison in November 1848 and in early 1849, he would resign from the army and move to Lexington, Virginia, where he would become a teacher at the Washington College. During this time he would become friends with Thomas J. Jackson, later to be known as Stonewall, and assisted with getting Jackson employment at the Virginia Military Institute.&nbsp; While teaching at Washington College, Hill would be held in high esteem by his students despite, in the descriptions, his unorganized appearance despite having been an officer in the army.<br /><br />Hill's stay in Lexington would be short however because in 1854, he would be offered a teaching position at Davidson College. Hill was familiar with the school because his father-in-law had been the first president of the school. Accepting the position was not an easy choice. He had wished to remain in Lexington but his convictions about his religious beliefs were at base of what Davidson was founded upon. When Hill arrived on the campus of Davidson, the college was overrun by undisciplined students that were threatening to close the school. Hill was given the full approval by the schools board of trustees to do whatever was necessary.<br /><br />What awaited Hill was pure chaos. The students of the school were so undisciplined that riots were weekly occurrences, drunkenness was rampant and when students were suspended for their actions, they remained on campus, causing more mischief.&nbsp; Examples of such mischief was the attack on professors homes by a mob of students with rocks and eggs and another incident involved gunpowder being put into a candle snuffer that caused serious injury to the person that used it.&nbsp; Arriving on campus in May 1854, Hill immediately went about restoring order. He created a merit system similar to that which was in use at most colleges in the country at the time, including the USMA. Hill even went as far as stating that the college was in such a condition because of the current college president, Samuel Williamson. The friction between the two eventually lead to Williamson's resignation and Hill even went as far to offer his, but the board of trustees refused to allow him to leave. Over the coming months, the new discipline system bucked against that students and one night they rioted like never before. Again, they assaulted a professor's home with rocks and eggs. During this riot, Hill was struck by a stone and it was here that he decided enough was enough. He gathered the school's faculty, there were only four, to canvass the dorms to ensure which students had remained in their rooms. What occurred next exemplified what Hill was there for. He would suspend one student for three months, a student known to be a instigator of the troubles around campus. The suspension caused students, nearly half, to sign a petition demanding the student to be re-instated. When Hill and the board refused, many left the school. Hill's belief that a school was for students to study and further there lives in a disciplined manner ruled the day. With this action, Hill had all but restored order to the school and he also improved the schools academic program, especially in the mathematics department. His actions also caused a wealthy donor to give nearly $300,000. Hill's tenure would end in 1859 when he resigned to become superintendent of the North Carolina Military Institute. <br /><br /><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://freepages.history.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Eorangecountync/places/hma/1860a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="193" src="http://freepages.history.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Eorangecountync/places/hma/1860a.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">North Carolina Military Institute, circa 1870</td></tr></tbody></table>The North Carolina Military Institute had just been constructed and Hill would oversee the schools first class of 60 cadets beginning in October 1859.&nbsp; The school was constructed to be similar to the military academy at West Point and has the schools first superintendent, D.H. Hill set about creating an order of discipline that was similar to that which he had experienced at West Point, his time in the army, and that which he had instilled at Davidson. Christianity also played a central role in the belief system at the school. Cadets were instructed to go to chapel twice daily, once to hear a sermon and once to receive biblical instruction, lead by Hill. The cadets were also to attend church on Sundays.<br /><br />Life at the institute revolved around church, academics, and daily drill until December 1861 when South Carolina declared it was seceding from the Union. Many of the students at the school were South Carolinian, including some instructors. They contemplated withdrawing from the school to go home to take part in the events occurring there. Hill advised the students to remain in school until it was certain a war, which many believed was to occur, would take place. One instructor, in later years, believed that Hill, while supporting the southern way of life, did not want to fight in its defense until absolutely necessary.<br /><br />Unfortunately, war would come when on April 12, 1861, forces from the recently created Confederate States of American fired on Fort Sumter, a United States military installation. Hill would gather his students at the institutes chapel to lecture them on what would should be expected in the coming war and unlike those that believed it would be a short war, Hill told his cadets it would be a long war, possibly has long as the Revolution and that each one would get their share of it. In the weeks ahead, Hill would be summoned to the state capital to set up a camp of instruction for North Carolina's volunteers. His cadets would join him to assist in the training of these volunteers.<br /><br />As he was a prominent figure in North Carolina and possessed military experience, Hill was made colonel of the 1st North Carolina regiment in May 1861 and he would soon find himself in Virginia leading his North Carolinian's in their first taste of battle at Big Bethel on June 10, 1861 in what would be an overwhelming Confederate victory, in part due to confusion within the Union ranks that lead to a friendly fire incident. Hill's leadership during this fight would lead to his promotion to brigadier general on July 10th. With his new rank, Hill would remain in Virginia, commanding troops on the Virginia Peninsula near Richmond until his transfer to North Carolina where he would spend several weeks assisting with the construction and strengthening of coastal defenses. Upon the completion of this assignment, Hill would again find himself commanding a brigade of North Carolinans under Joseph Johnston defending Leesburg, Virginia.&nbsp; He would remain here, leading his brigade for the remainder of the winter. In March 1862, Joseph Johnston pulled his army back to a more defensible position and Hill would be promoted to Major General. Eventually, Hill would be with his division in the Confederate defenses near Yorktown, Virginia facing the massive Army of the Potomac under George B. McClellan.<br /><br />Fighting an unbalanced artillery dual with Union artillery (Confederate ammunition was anything but reliable), Johnston would order his army to retreat back towards Richmond. Hill's division would assisted with covering the withdrawal and one of his brigades, under Jubal Early, would engage Union forces at Williamsburg. As Early moved with his brigade towards the sound of fighting, Hill accompanied him. As the Confederates deployed, Early divided his brigade and lead two regiments towards what he believed was the Union flank. Instead, he would run head-on into the Union line and the two regiments of Virginian's he led into the battle suffered terribly. Hill would bring up reinforcements, the 5th North Carolina, and he would personally lead the regiment into the fight but soon saw the futility and ordered a withdrawal. The Confederate retreat continued until they reach Richmond's outer defenses.<br /><br />For Hill, the retreat and slaughter of his men at Williamsburg disheartened him. Reaching the defenses of Richmond, Hill found himself in a position to gain retribution against those Union men in blue. Joseph Johnston, needing to strike a blow, organized a plan that would through most of his army against an isolated portion of the Union army located near Seven Pines, a small village east of Richmond on the Williamsburg Road. The plan called for several Confederate columns to advance in columns along several roadways and converge on the Union positions, cutting them off from the main army. The plan went shambles from the beginning. Instead of advancing in seperate columns, the Confederates under James Longstreet advanced on the same road as D.H. Hill's division and other Confederate divisions did not get underway until late in the day. Knowing the battle was to open, but seeing no troops or hearing musketry, Hill became inpatient and order his division forward, opening the fight around 1 p.m. For the next several hours, Hill's division bore the brunt of the fight and captured the first Union defensive line. With reinforcement from Longstreet, Hill pushed on hitting the second defensive line at roughly 4:30 and facing fierce resistance. A flank attack by Colonel Micah Jenkins, sealed the victory on May 31st for the Confederates. With fighting dying down, the Confederate rested on there hard won laurels but a momentous event had taken place. In the late evening, arriving on the battlefield for a first hand report, General Joseph Johnston was severely wounded by a shell fragment with command falling to Gustavus Smith, who would lead the army's unsuccessful attacks on the following day, forcing a Confederate withdrawal. With Smith seemingly having a nervous breakdown at the time, Confederate President Jefferson Davis appointed Robert E. Lee to command the army defending Richmond.<br /><br />For the better part of the next month, Lee would strengthen the Richmond defenses and eventually Hill would find himself, with his division, under the command of his brother-in-law Stonewall Jackson. While the majority of southerners believed that Lee was actually digging in to await the massive Union armies final assault on Richmond, he was strengthening the defenses to be capable of holding the lines with a smaller force while taking the bulk to attack McClellan and push his army back from Richmond. General Hill would serve an important role in this attack. As part of Jackson's wing of the army, he would lead his division in a wide flanking movement that would bring him into the rear areas of the Union 5th Corps, in fortifications near the hamlet of Mechanicsville. In the ensuing week, Hill would lead his division in a supporting role at Beaver Dam Creek, the attack at Gaines Mill, and finally in the bloody repulse at Malvern Hill, where he stated that the attack was "not war, but murder". All in all, the fighting that took place on the Peninsula, Hill established himself as a capable field commander. Hill would lead his division back their camps around Richmond for much needed rest, after spending a better part of a week after the fight at Malvern Hill gathering arms, equipment, caring for the wounded, and burying the dead of both sides. Hill's division would lose roughly 4,000 men as casualties during the week long fight. <br /><br />Following the successful repulse of McClellan from the gates of Richmond, Lee would turn his eye to the north to deal with a new Union threat, the Army of Virginia, under the command of Major General John Pope, that was decimating northern Virginia. While Lee would move north with the majority of his army, he would leave behind Hill commanding forces to the south of the James River near Richmond to keep a watchful eye on McClellan's force, that was still standing in a semi-threatening posture at Harrison's Landing. While Lee was marching northward to see what could be done against Pope, Hill was ordered to harass the communications of McClellan. Hill would order a small force and several artillery batteries and go into position at Coggin's Point, opposite the Union camp at Harrison's Landing. The Confederates would open up on the Union camp on the night of July 31st and August 1st, causing confusion and damaging several ships that were docked at the landing. Hill's men would fire nearly 1,000 rounds of artillery on the encampment before being driven off by Union counter-battery fire. Not long after abandoning their position at Coggin's Point, Union troops crossed the James River and occupied the position.<br /><br />Hill remain in overall command of Confederate forces in the area south of the James River covering that approach to Richmond as well as the vital railway link at Petersburg, Virginia. Around the middle of August, Hill reported that McClellan was evacuating the Peninsula. During the manuvering in northern Virginia, Confederate cavalry captured John Pope's headquarters baggage and other materials that provided information that McClellan was moving to link up with Pope's army, a move that would seriously threaten and outnumber Lee's army. With this information, Lee requested that all available forces that could be spared be sent from Richmond to strengthen his army against the growing Union threat. By the end of August, Hill was leading his division northward, missing the Confederate victory at Second Manassas.&nbsp; Linking up with the Army of Northern Virginia near Leesburg, Virginia on September 3, Hill would find himself as the spearhead for a movement northward, into Maryland.<br /><br />On September 4th, Hill would be ordered by General Lee to demonstrate and cross the Potomac River. Sending one of his brigades to harass a Union positions near Berlin, Maryland while leading two other brigades across the Potomac near the mouth of the Monocacy River. After driving off Union pickets, the brigades set out destroying the Cheasapeake and Ohio Canal's banks, locks, and attempted to destroy the Monocacy Aqueduct, but we unable to due to lack of powder. Hill would lead his division as part of Jackson's command towards Frederick, encamping outside the city on September 5th. To note, Hill would find himself in command of all Confederate forces in Maryland prior to the arrival of Jackson on the Maryland shore, when Jackson would resume command responsibilities. Hill would also briefly be in command of Jackson's command when Jackson suffered a fall from a horse.<br /><br />The Confederate forces would remain in and around Frederick until September 10th. Lee when moving into Maryland and marching on Frederick intended to force Union garrisons at Martinsburg and Harper's Ferry to abandon their positions allowing the Confederates to establish a secure line of communication and supply through the Shenandoah Valley in preparation for a possible advance into Pennsylvania. When this did not happen, Lee produced Special Orders 191 that outlined the capture of Harper's Ferry by Jackson, who would lead over half the army in the effort. The remainder of the army would advance to Boonsborough where they would await developments. The movement began on the 10th and Hill would be part of the Confederate concentration at Boonsborough with two divisions from James Longstreet's command. Arriving in Boonsborough, Longstreet received reports of a Union force advancing from Pennsylvania in the direction of Hagerstown. Taking his two divisions, Longstreet advanced and took possession of Hagerstown taking control the vital hub.<br /><br />With this, Hill would find himself alone in Boonsborough to act as rear guard&nbsp; for the "main body" at Hagerstown and to keep an eye on roads south for any attempted escape by Union forces from Harper's Ferry. Hill would also provide infantry support for Jeb Stuart's cavalry that was covering the Confederate movement from Frederick. Hill first crisis would come on September 13, when Stuart requested infantry support for his hard-pressed cavalryman. Believing he was only facing two Union brigades, Stuart requested one infantry brigade to assist holding Turner's Gap on South Mountain. Hill instead ordered two brigades, those of Alfred Colquitt and Samuel Garland to march towards the gap while concentrating his remaining three brigades near Boonsborough.<br /><br /><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.owlandcross.com/south_mountain_inn_web.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="241" src="http://www.owlandcross.com/south_mountain_inn_web.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mountain House, Turner's Gap</td></tr></tbody></table>On the morning of the 14th, per orders from General Lee, Hill went to Turner's Gap to reconoiter and assisted Stuart with the defense. Arriving at the Mountain House (present-day South Mountain Inn), Hill found Stuart preparing to depart and stating his plans for going to Crampton's Gap, believing that the threat was minimal. With the departure of Stuart, Hill set about the task of deploying his division. Arriving on the mountain, Hill found Colquitt's brigade at the eastern base of the mountain and Garland's brigade near the Mountain House. Surveying the position, Hill saw the immense task before him and ordered up George B. Anderson's brigade and also ordered a regiment, the 4th Georgia, to occupy Hamburg Gap, three miles north of Turner's. Hill also would personally assist with re-deploying Colquitt's brigade on the slopes of South Mountain straddling the National Pike.<br /><br />At this time, Hill went on a reconnaisance of what was called the Wood's Road, a narrow path that followed the crest of the mountain towards Fox's Gap. Advancing about three-fourth's of a mile down the path, the sound of commands and rumbling of wheels gave Hill the perception that Union forces were crossing the mountain (this was in fact the 5th Virginia Cavalry, under Thomas Rosser, having been sent with John Pelham's horse artillery to hold the gap.) Hill was returning towards the mountain house when artillery fire came down on his small party. Rushing back, Hill found Garland's brigade prepared and he ordered the brigade to Fox's Gap with orders to sweep the woods and hold the road. Hill would never see Samuel Garland again, he would be mortally wounded in the defense of Fox's Gap.<br /><br />The battle that would threaten Lee's Maryland Campaign began at roughly 9 A.M., when skirmishers stumbled upon each other, about a mile south of Fox's Gap. The fighting gradually grew in a general engagement with two brigades of Union infantry pressing Garland's North Carolinian's.&nbsp; The fighting was fierce and when Garland suffered a mortal wound, it seemed the North Carolinian's could not hold. Thomas McRae, commanding 5th North Carolina, took command of the brigade but it was so spread out and the woods creating a state of chaos and confusion, a final Union push broke the back of the Confederate defense. Garland's brigade streamed off the mountain in utter rout. Fortunately, reinforcements were on the way. Two regiments of Anderson's brigade were rushed to the Fox's by Hill and were able to stem the tide. At this point a lull fell over the battlefield.<br /><br />During this lull, Hill would devise a plan to regain control of Fox's and push the Union army of the mountain. Hill, feeling the main threat was his right, ordered Roswell Ripley's and the remainder of Anderson's brigade to Fox's Gap. He also ordered the brigades of Thomas Drayton and George T. Anderson, having arrived on the mountain at around 3 p.m. to Fox's as well. Hill's plan called for this quasi-division to counterattack and flank the Union position at Fox's. Hill deployed the brigades with Ripley on the right, George B. Anderson's brigade next in line followed by George T. Anderson's brigade and finally the left being constituted by Thomas Drayton's brigade. Taking position in or near the Old Sharpsburg Road, Hill call for the brigades of Ripley, G.B. Anderston, and G.T. Anderson to pivot on the right of Drayton's brigade and fall on the flank of the Union force, driving them off the mountain. During the deployment, a gap opened between G.T. Anderson's left and Drayton's right. This would prove a fatal event.<br /><br />Thomas Drayton ordered his brigade to advance into Daniel Wise's South Field against Union forces to the front. This advance led to the gap opening up and within minutes of advancing, Drayton's force was decimated by musketry from their front, left, and rear. G.T. Anderson attempted to close the gap but found it occupied by a strong Union force. With this failed attack, the fighting at Fox's Gap fell into a state of skirmishing with a final Confederate push around dusk ending the fighting.<br /><br />During the afternoon lull in the fighting, General Hill took notice to a prominence&nbsp; to the left of the National Pike that could command any Confederate positions if Union artillery were to take position. Hill would order Robert Rodes to take his Alabama Brigade of about 1,200 men to hold this position. Rodes would come under attack at roughly the same time as Drayton's men advance at Fox's Gap. For the next three hours, Rodes men would hold back an entire division of Union infantry. Reinforcements would arrive just hours before dusk and Hill was frustrated that, as the commanding officer with the best knowledge of the ground over which he was fighting, was not able to deploy these reinforcements from Longstreet. Instead, they would march without a purpose before finally going into the fight, but too exhausted to hold for long. Luckily, nightfall would halt this threat on the Confederate left.<br /><br />While fighting was occuring on both the left and right of the Confederate line, an attack came straight against Turner's Gap. Colquitt's brigade would hold off this final desperate assault by what is now known as the Iron Brigade. With this assault, the Battle of South Mountain concluded and Daniel H. Hill had proven a worthy fighter. His division paid dearly, suffering nearly 1,000 casualties. Hill would lead his division in a retreat towards Sharpsburg, where they would find some time to lick their wounds and prepare for the coming fight.<br /><br />Hill, in his official report, stated that his division, and other Confederate forces had "accomplished all that was required--the delay of the Yankee army until Harper's Ferry could not be relieved." Leading his weary division in the retreat from South Mountain, Hill's division would arrive early in the morning of the 15th, taking up positions to the north of the Boonsborough Turnpike along the hills outside of Sharpsburg. Throughout the day, Hill and his men would watch a steady stream of blue infantry and artillery going into positions on the opposite banks of the Antietam Creek. Hill's men would find themselves under a monotonous artillery fire for most of the next day. It was late on the 16th, that Union forces began crossing the Antietam Creek at the unguarded upper bridge. Hill believed that at this moment, as Union troops crossed within striking distance of his division, that the Union men were vulnerable but as to the weaken state of his division and also Hood's Division to his left, the opportunity was lost. During this time though, Hill was not idle. He would order into position an artillery battery that would shell the Union column as a sharp skirmish erupted between advance elements of the Union First Corps and elements of Hood's Division for control of what became known as the East Woods. The fighting for the woods would prove rather fierce, but was certainly a preview of what was to come. The skirmish ended not long after the nightfall and the two sides prepared for the coming fury that would surely erupt on the morning of the 17th.<br /><br />Fighting erupted on the morning of the 17th with the Union troops advancing down the Hagerstown Turnpike in an effort to turn the Confederate flank. At the time the fighting erupted, Hill reported as a result of straggling and the recent fighting, that his division was down to only 3,000 men. These 3,000 men constituted the Confederate center located in a sunken road, worn down by years of wagon traffic, that connected the Hagerstown Turnpike with the Boonsborough Pike.Hill's deployment was as follows: his right flank was held by the brigade of George B. Anderson and on Anderson's left was the brigade of Robert Rodes was deployed. The remaining three brigades under Alfred Colquitt, Roswell Ripley, and Duncan McRae (commanding Garland's brigade) were pushed forward in positions near the Roulette and Mumma farms. These three brigades would support the Confederate left following the repulse of the attack by Hood's division through the Cornfield. They would be hammered by the attack of the Union Twelfth Corps, eventually retreating to positions just outside of Sharpsburg. <br /><br /><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.lindsayfincher.com/gallery/d/14969-1/antietam_battlefield_31_bloody_lane.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://www.lindsayfincher.com/gallery/d/14969-1/antietam_battlefield_31_bloody_lane.jpg" width="150" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Sunken Road</td></tr></tbody></table><br />As fighting began dying down in the now blood soaked areas surrounding the Hagerstown Turnpike and Smoketown Road, the division of William French from the Union Second Corps, advanced over the fields of the Roulette Farm towards the center of the Confederate line, occupied by the final two brigades of Hill's yet to see action, Robert Roads and George B. Anderson (in the picture at left, Anderson's brigade would occupy the roadbed in the foreground and Rodes' brigade would be in position in the road in the area near the group of trees in the distance).&nbsp; The road created a strong natural defensive position that would prove difficult to crack. Advancing in three lines, "with the precision of parade day", as Hill noted, the Union force looked like an unstoppable force. As the first line moved over the final hill before the Confederate position, the Confederates saw slowly the flags of the Union regiments, then faces, then belts, and then when just yards away and full targets presented, a devastating fire was unleashed, "My rifles flamed and roared in the Federals faces like a blinding blaze of lightening accompanied by the quick and deadly thunderbolt....The entire front line, with few exceptions, went down in the consuming blast.", remembered John Gordon, commanding the 6th Alabama in Rodes' Brigade.<br /><br />For the next three hours, the two sides would punish one another. Fresh Union regiments continued to pour into the fight. To bolster his brigades, Hill saw the division of Richard H. Anderson moving forward. Hill directed Anderson to deploy his division to the immediate rear of his main battleline. As the deployment occurred, Anderson was wounded and command fell to Richard Pryor, who promptly sent the division in the road bed. As a result, several misguided and unsupported Confederate counterattacks ensued, weakening the Confederate position. Eventually, Union forces were able to gain somewhat of a foothold in G.B. Anderson's brigade, causing the first crack in Hill's line. As a result, Rodes order the right wing of his brigade to refuse the line, or bend a portion of line back at a right angle from its original position. The order was mistaken for an order to retreat and the Alabamians, orderly then in utter rout, fled to the rear. As a result, G.B. Anderson's brigade was exposed to a dreadful flanking fire. They too, broke and ran back towards the town of Sharpburg. Hill's line had crumbled and the Confederate center was broken.<br /><br /><br />With Union troops pushing beyond the road, all that stood between them and the town was a thin line of artillery. Hill ordered a battery, concealed within an orchard, to move forward and deploy. The battery deployed, driving back the Union infantry. Hill stated that at this moment, believing the enemy to be demoralized, he rallied a force of about 200 men and with musket in hand led them in a counterattack.&nbsp; In the ensuing attack, Hill's small band was "met with a warm reception" and "the little command was broken and dispersed." As this was occurring, several of Hill's regimental commanders had rallied a force similar in size to the one led by Hill. This small group was ordered by Hill to flank them Union position but, the attack would also fail. As a result of these attack, Hill believed the boldness of the attacks convinced the Union commanders to halt the advance on what was left of the Confederate center. <br /><br /><br />To Hill's delight, and surely every soldier on the battlefield at Antietam, night mercifully fell over the blood soaked fields ending the fighting. Remaining on the field throughout the day of the 18th, Hill reported that he could muster only 1,500 to 1,700 men in a new defensive position. While his division had suffered heavily in Maryland, losing according to Hill's report anywhere from one-half to two-thirds of his division, Hill believed that these remaining men were the truest and bravest men remaining in his division and would "fight with determination, if not enthusiasm," if a renewed Union assault were to come. Fortunately, no more major fighting would occur and Hill would lead his division back into Virginia.<br /><br /><br />For the next few months, Hill's division would reset and refit before again finding itself on a battlefield. At Fredericksburg, a new Union "On to Richmond" campaign found itself repulsed in a bloody manner. Hill's division would remain in reserve during this fight. Following the battle, the armies would go into winter quarters.<br /><br /><br /><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.cmhpf.org/personalities/DHH5-allgrave.JPG" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://www.cmhpf.org/personalities/DHH5-allgrave.JPG" width="217" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">D.H. Hill family grave site </td></tr></tbody></table>Fredericksburg would be Hill's last fight with the Army of Northern Virginia. He would be detached from his division to return home to North Carolina and he would be passed over for corps command following the death of his brother-in-law, Stonewall Jackson. Hill would command reserve troops defending Richmond and would gain a unconfirmed promotion to Lieutenant General in July 1863. In the fall of 1863, he would find himself fighting with Braxton Bragg's Army of Tennesse commanding a corps. During his time in the west, Hill would become one of the Bragg's biggest critics eventually leading to his dismissal. Eventually Hill would find himself at Petersburg and he would end the war commanding a division at the Battle of Bentonville in 1865. With the war over, Hill returned to civilian life where he would become an editor of two magazines and serve as president at two colleges. He would pass away due to poor health in September 1889 at the age of 68 and is buried in the Davidson College Cemetery. <br /><br />Daniel Harvey Hill was an outspoken commander that would find himself on the losing end of the his beliefs several times. After being overlooked for command of a corps within Lee's army, he believed that because the army was based in Virginia the command positions with the most responsibility unfairly went to those officers born in Virginia and his criticism of Bragg as part of the officers coup following the failure to followup the dramatic Confederate victory at Chickamauga caused him his lieutenant generalship and his command. Despite his stubborn and opinionated personality, Hill proved to be a man that when called upon would lead his men with a determination and enthusiasm that was evident in the fighting spirit of his division during the Maryland Campaign. <br /><br /><br /><br />Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-72013422070857554292012-06-10T21:20:00.000-04:002012-06-10T21:20:54.598-04:00" I directed my men to reserve their fire...and trust to the bayonet."<div class="right" style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-QbZqBwhJJMk/TKdl20pjl5I/AAAAAAAAAFI/mjfb7xhLlwE/s1600/bragg_es.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-QbZqBwhJJMk/TKdl20pjl5I/AAAAAAAAAFI/mjfb7xhLlwE/s1600/bragg_es.gif" /></a><span class="mainTextBold">The following is the official report written by Lieutenant Colonel Edward S. Bragg of the 6th Wisconsin describing the regiments</span><i><span class="mainTextBold"> </span></i><span class="mainTextBold">actions at South Mountain. The 6th Wisconsin began the fighting in reserve but when the two lead regiments of Gibbon's brigade, the 2nd and 7th Wisconsin, ran into stiff resistance. At this time, Bragg was ordered to move his regiment to the right in support of the 7th and eventually into a flanking position. The regiment would suffer heavily in the attack and known casualties can be found <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2010/10/men-have-stood-like-iron.html" target="_blank">here</a>. </span></div><div class="right" style="text-align: right;"><br /></div><div class="right" style="text-align: right;"><br /></div><div class="right" style="text-align: right;"><i><span class="mainTextBold">GIBBON'S BRIG., HDQRS. SIXTH REGT. WISCONSIN VOLS.,</span></i><br /><i><em>In the Field, September 20, 1862.</em></i></div><div style="text-align: right;"><i>Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. </i></div><br /><i><span class="mainTextBold">SIR</span>: In compliance with circular from headquarters, I have the honor to report that at the battle of South Mountain, on the 14th instant, the Sixth Regiment Wisconsin Volunteers moved up the mountain gorge to the right of the turnpike, in support of the Seventh Wisconsin Volunteers, who were moving in front, supporting a line of skirmishers. The skirmishers soon found the enemy in front, and an irregular fire commenced. This was past twilight. The Seventh moved to the support of the skirmishers, and was soon engaged with the enemy, who was concealed in a wood on their left and in a ravine in front. So soon as the Seventh received the fire of the enemy and commenced replying, I deployed the Sixth, and with the right wing opened fire upon the enemy concealed in the wood upon the right. I also moved the left wing by the right flank into the rear of the right wing, and commenced a fire by the wings alternately, and advancing the line after each volley.</i><br /> <br /><i>At this time I received an order from the general, directing me to flank the enemy in the wood. The condition of the surface of the ground, and the steepness of the ascent up the mountain side, rendered this movement a difficult one; but without hesitation the left wing moved by the flank into the wood, firing as they went, and advancing the line. I directed Major Dawes to advance the right wing on the skirt of the wood as rapidly as the line in the wood advanced, which he did. This movement forward and by the flank I continued until the left wing rested its right on the crest of the hill, extending around the enemy in a semicircular line, and then moved the right wing into the wood so as to connect the line from the open field to the top of the hill. While this was being done, the fire of the enemy, who fought us from behind rocks and trees, and entirely under cover, was terrific, but steadily the regiment dislodged him and kept advancing. Ammunition commenced to give out, no man having left more than four rounds, and many without any. It was dark, and a desperate enemy in front.</i><br /> <i>At this moment I received an order from General Gibbon to cease fire and maintain the position, and the battle was won. I directed my men to reserve their fire, unless compelled to use it, and then only at short range, and trust to the bayonet. No sooner did the time of fire cease than the enemy, supposing we were checked, crept close up in the wood and commenced a rapid fire. I directed a volley in reply, and then, with three lusty cheers for Wisconsin, the men sat cheerfully down to await another attack; but the enemy was no more seen.</i><br /> <br /><i>I held the ground until daylight, when I threw out skirmishers, and soon found the enemy had withdrawn in the night, leaving a few dead on the field, and a large number of muskets also.</i><br /> <i>Soon after daylight my regiment was relieved by the Second New York, from Gorman's brigade, who had been lying in the field, under cover of a stone wall, at a safe distance in the rear, refreshing themselves with a good night's sleep, after a long and fatiguing march of some 10 miles.</i><br /> <i>The object accomplished, and the time and place of doing it, speak all that need be said for officers and men of the regiment.</i><br /> <br /><i>Our loss was 11 killed and 79 wounded; total, 90.</i><br /> <br /><i>I have the honor to be, respectfully,</i><br /> <div class="right"><i><span class="mainTextBold">EDWD. S. BRAGG,</span><br /><em>Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding Sixth Wisconsin.</em></i> </div>Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-73829696434621234982012-05-27T10:00:00.000-04:002015-05-25T08:34:17.449-04:00In rememberance, Memorial Day 2012( Going a little off&nbsp; blog topic today....)<br /><br />To most people, the last Monday in May is the "unofficial" beginning of the summer season with barbeques, picnics, and swimming pool's finally opening. But, Memorial Day is a day to honor those that serve or have served and their sacrifices, but also those who, in the words of Abraham Lincoln, gave the "last full measure of devotion." It is a day to visit local and national cemeteries to, in body and mind, say thank you to those who gave the most precious of things, their very lives, so that we can have the freedom to do the things that we get to do.<br /><br />While this blog primarily deals with the fighting that occurred at South Mountain, I feel the need to share an experience me and my wife had a couple years ago on a field trip I was on for a World War II course I was taking in college. We were in Arlington National Cemetery, visiting the grave sites of well-known soldiers from that conflict (Audie Murphy, John Basilone,etc.) and as we concluded that trip, my professor wanted to take us to the grave site of summer intern that had participated in a summer fellowship and&nbsp; had been killed in Iraq. We got to the section where the student was buried and our professor, an army veteran, had several students fan out to search for the stone. While this was going on, me and my wife noticed a lone soldier first standing, then kneeling at a headstone just yards away from where my classmates were searching for the intern's grave.<br /><br />Shockingly, my classmates began yelling across to each other if they had found the interns grave, all the while this lone soldier is still, I assume , at dear friends grave. Me and my wife (her brother his serving in the Maryland National Guard and several of his friends that he made during his time in the guard are buried in or near the very section we are standing at), decide that we will just hang back and not be as disrespectful as my fellow classmates were being. They find the grave site and gather around so my professor can tell the intern's story. At this time, the lone soldier stood up, gave a salute, and began walking towards me and my wife. As the soldier came near where we were standing, he glanced up and we made eye contact and I could see the hurt in his eyes. At that moment, I gained a vastly better understanding of what places like our national cemeteries or the graves of soldiers in their hometown cemeteries. It wasn't just a place we could come, visit some famous persons grave, but a place where, we as Americans, should take a moment and ,as one stares over the row upon row of white markers, take count of what these men and women gave so that we could have our barbeques, picnics, and swim parties. While we are here in the safety of our homes, these men and women were putting their lives on the line for us. To that unknown soldier and all those that have fallen, Thank you.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-rwpw2cnvo-4/T8GfDILNMuI/AAAAAAAAASA/SmQn3VTVK7U/s1600/kenny.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-rwpw2cnvo-4/T8GfDILNMuI/AAAAAAAAASA/SmQn3VTVK7U/s1600/kenny.JPG" /></a></div>&nbsp;This gentleman is Corporal Kenneth Lee Ridge from Hagerstown, Maryland. At the age of 20, he found himself fighting in Company M, 3rd Battalion, 31st Infantry Regiment, 7th Infantry Division on the Korean Peninsula in 1950 as US and UN forces pushed back the North Korean Army. By December, Corporal Ridge found himself with his unit in the Chosin Reservoir fighting not against the North Korean's, but Chinese forces that had crossed the Yalu River into North Korea as a result of Allied forces being so close to their borders.&nbsp; The savage fighting and weather took a toll on Ridge and he eventually would find himself wounded as US forces began to evacuate the area. Taking his place on a troop transport, as the story has been told to his family, a more severely wounded soldier came to the truck and Corporal Ridge voluntarily gave up his place, and ride to safety, to this soldier stating that he could walk. That was the last anyone saw Corporal Ridge. He was reported Missing in Action on December 12, 1950 and presumed dead on December 31, 1953. It is believe his remains are somewhere in North Korea near Chosin. <br /><br />This soldiers story is of particular interest to me because he is my wife's Great Uncle. Her grandmother, Corporal Ridge's sister, tells that story that her parents remained at their home on West Side Avenue in Hagerstown for years after their son went missing in the hope that he would find his way home. A meeting that would never take place. The family has barely gotten closure for the loss of Corporal Ridge. Each time remains &nbsp;are recovered and brought home for DNA testing, my wife's grandmother and sister hope against hope that their brother has finally made it home. Despite not having this sense of closure, he has a marker in Rose Hill Cemetery, next to his parents and, as a last request of a sister who only recently passed away, a short memorial service was held in his memory but no military funeral is planned (according to US Army policy, until a death is confirmed, no military funeral will take place).&nbsp; I do hope and pray that one day, his remains finally do make it home and the family can get closure. <br /><br />Now that I have posted this, I would like to wish everyone a save and enjoyable Memorial Day Weekend. <br /><br />Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-83564503328623675262012-05-22T21:10:00.000-04:002012-08-31T23:31:30.171-04:00"He died for his country, facing the enemy, like a brave soldier"The following is a letter that was written following the death of Private Rueben Hunley to his wife by one of his comrades in arms, Emory Mitchell. It is an answer from a request by Private Hunley's wife about the particulars of his death. I can only imagine how difficult it must have been to attempt to provide some solace to Mrs. Hunley. It is also noteworthy that that Mitchell took that time to write Rueben's wife providing the chaotic experiences he had just witnessed. Private Rueben is the same soldier that wrote the letter I posted previously, that can be viewed <a href="http://mountainaflame.blogspot.com/2010/10/i-shall-not-be-able-to-come-home.html">here</a>.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: right;">&nbsp;<i>&nbsp;</i></div><div style="text-align: right;"><i>Camp near Sharpsburg</i></div><div style="text-align: right;"><i>Md. Oct. 8, 1862</i></div><div style="text-align: right;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>Mrs. Huntley,</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>I have just received a letter from Mr. Weston. He said you wished me to write the particulars in regard to the death of your husband. It was dark when he was shot. There was no one within ten or twelve feet of him. Our company were in front as skirmishers and there fore were scattered no two together but he was seen to fall as if shot dead and was not heard to speak. The next morning I went and found him and had him carried off the field. When I found him, his knapsack had been robed of everything worth taking so I could not find anything worth sending to you. He was shot through the breast and I think he must [of] died instantly</i>. <i>He was my tent mate and I feel lonesome since his death. but he died for his country and faceing the enemy, like a brave solder.&nbsp; He was burried decently by one of our company. Witch is better than some of our brave boys fared. I am sorry I cannot give you more information. I will close by sending my respects to all inquiring friends.</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>E. Mitchell.&nbsp;</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Sources:<i> </i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="indent1">Huntley, Reuben<cite>&nbsp; Letters, 1861-1862</cite> [unpublished]. University of Wisconsin Digital Collections <a href="http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI.Huntley" target="_blank">http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI.Huntley </a>[accessed 5/22/2012.]</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"></div>Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-69165330607558055662012-05-02T22:34:00.000-04:002012-05-02T22:38:06.993-04:00Bucktails!: The 13th Pennsylvania Reserves<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-AF7wMWAflzs/T5nvl9rIs0I/AAAAAAAAARM/VXRztaSTGXg/s1600/1stparifleflag.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-AF7wMWAflzs/T5nvl9rIs0I/AAAAAAAAARM/VXRztaSTGXg/s1600/1stparifleflag.jpg" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Original flag of the 13 PA Reserves, lost during 1862 Peninsula Campaign</span> </td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr></tbody></table>The 13th Pennsylvania Reserves, commonly referred to as the "Bucktails" for the distinct unit tradition of sticking bucktail's on their hats, were the first to engage Confederates defending the Frostown Gap as Union forces began the push to turn the Confederate left. <br /><br />The creation of this regiment began not long after the firing upon Fort Sumter by Confederate forces on April 12, 1861. As soon as the day after the bombardment commenced, Thomas Kane, a prominent citizen in the northern section of the state and ardent abolitionist, wrote Pennsylvania Governor Andrew Curtin an offer to raise a company of cavalry.&nbsp; His offer was accepted on April 15th only to be declined on the 16th and changed over to a request for only infantry. Immediately, Kane went to work recruiting his regiment.<br /><br />Kane would set up his main recruiting station and headquarters in Smethport, Pennsylvania and sent numerous riders to outlying towns and neighboring counties to spread the word of his efforts.&nbsp; His main recruiting tool was a broadside that he published for distribution:<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><i><b>Volunteer Rifles!</b></i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>Marksmen wanted!</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i><b> </b></i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>By authority of Governor Curtin, a company will be formed</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>this week of citizens of Mckean and Elk Counties,</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>who are prepared to take up arms immediately, to support</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>the Constitution of the United States and defend the&nbsp;</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. I am authorized to accept at once</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>for service, any man who will bring with him to my&nbsp;</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>headquarters a Rifle which he knows how to use.&nbsp;</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>Come forward Americans, who are not degenerate from&nbsp;</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>the spirit of '76. Come forward in time to save</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>the city of Washington from capture-- in time to save&nbsp;</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>the flag of the Union there being humbled as it&nbsp;</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>has been at Fort Sumter.</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Thomas L. Kane</i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-vyWmjCWncRE/T59WZ-5AO5I/AAAAAAAAARY/vEX2UMxWHAQ/s1600/kane1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-vyWmjCWncRE/T59WZ-5AO5I/AAAAAAAAARY/vEX2UMxWHAQ/s1600/kane1.jpg" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Thomas Kane</td></tr></tbody></table>Kane would have three of companies gathered within a week of issuing his proclamation and it was during this time that the unit would adopt his distinctive insignia. The man credited with the idea, James Landregan, had enlisted in the "McKean County Rifles" and while walking by a butcher shop saw a deer hide and cut the tail off and fixed it to his hat. Colonel Kane noticed the tail on James hat and quickly adopted it has the units nickname and insignia with everyone in hearing distance quickly going to the butcher shop and fashioning tails for there own hats. The men organized by Kane in Smethport, took the oath required for the enlistment and began marching towards Cameron Station where it met another company, the "Cameron County Rifles" and together the two organizations continued the march towards Harrisburg where they would pick up another company, the "Elk County Rifles".&nbsp; The three companies continued to Sackatt's Saw Mills where rafts were constructed and the three companies under the flag of the Union and a bucktail, the unit floated to Lock Haven where it encamped for the night. Kane and his three hundred and fifteen men then took the railroad to Harrisburg arriving in the city on May 4th.&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Upon arriving, the three companies found difficulty being accepted into service. The state of Pennsylvania quota for regiments to be supplied for service was changed numerous times but eventually it was settled that only 14 regiments would be required of the state.&nbsp; Kane&nbsp; and his men were organized and willing to serve but unable to because of a technicality. Eventually Kane received would that his men would be organized into the Seventeenth regiment but this was soon stopped after it was discovered that a regiment of that designation had already been organized and mustered in Philadelphia. Eventually, to take advantage of the massive numbers of men waiting to serve, Governor Curtin and the legislature passed the act creating the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps and placed it under command of Major General George McCall. It was decided that one of the regiments within this reserve corps would consist entirely of rifleman. With it being known that Thomas Kane had organized and fought hard for his three companies to be allowed to serve, several other independent rifle companies petitioned for their companies organized under Colonel Kane.&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Their request was granted and on June 12, 1861, the 13th Pennsylvania Reserves/1st Pennsylvania Rifles was born. Its organization and commanding officers are as follows:</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Company A: <i>Anderson Life Guards</i>, Captain Phillip Holland</div><div style="text-align: left;">Company B: <i>Morgan Rifles,</i> Captain Langhorne Wister</div><div style="text-align: left;">Company C: <i>Cameron Rifles, </i>Captain John A. Elred</div><div style="text-align: left;">Company D: <i>Raftman's Guards, </i>Captain Roy Stone</div><div style="text-align: left;">Company E: <i>Tioga Rifles,</i> Captain Alanson Niles</div><div style="text-align: left;">Company F: <i>Irish Infantry, </i>Captain Dennis McGee</div><div style="text-align: left;">Company G: <i>Elk Rifles, </i>Captain Hugh McDonald</div><div style="text-align: left;">Company H: <i>Wayne Independent Rifles, </i>Captain Charles Taylor</div><div style="text-align: left;">Company I: <i>McKean Rifles, </i>Captain William Blanchard</div><div style="text-align: left;">Company K: <i>Raftman's Rangers,</i> Captain Edward Irvin</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">The regiment was mustered into service for three years and, in accordance with the law creating the reserve corps, elected the regimental officers. In the initial vote, Thomas Kane was elected as colonel, Charles Biddle as lieutenant colonel, and Roy Stone as major.&nbsp; After being elected as the regiments first colonel, Kane felt obliged to resign his commission and requested the Lieutenant Colonel Biddle be given command of the regiment. His reasoning being that he had no prior military experience and Biddle was a Mexican War veteran. A second election was held with Biddle being named the new colonel and Kane being reduced to lieutenant colonel. In honor of their first commander and his unselfishness, the men of the regiment named their regiment the Kane Rifle Regiment. The regiment would begin its service defending the Mason-Dixon line before marching onward to Cumberland, Maryland to defend that place.&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">The regiments first military action would take place was a sharp skirmish near New Creek, Virginia between about 80 men, under Lt. Colonel Kane, and a Confederate cavalry unit. After fending off the ambushing Confederates, Kane with 200 men was ordered to pursue the Confederates fighting another skirmish near Ridgeville, Virginia. After these skirmishes, the regiment was ordered to Harper's Ferry where it was temporarily assigned to the brigade of George H. Thomas in Nathanial Bank's valley army. Eventually the regiment would find itself back with the Reserve Corps in the second brigade under Brigadier General George Meade.&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">The regiment would find itself marching into Virginia where again it would fight a sharp skirmish near Hunter's Mill. After this skirmish, Colonel Biddle resigned to take his place in Congress and command fell to Lt. Colonel Kane who would lead the regiment in its first major battle at Dranesville.&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-OfTbtt0Mw7w/T59X11OOlsI/AAAAAAAAARo/XNx_hJx3zio/s1600/battle-of-dranesville.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="140" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-OfTbtt0Mw7w/T59X11OOlsI/AAAAAAAAARo/XNx_hJx3zio/s320/battle-of-dranesville.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Battle of Dranesville, VA</td></tr></tbody></table>The were reports coming into Union lines that a Confederate foraging party was at Dranesville and Edward Ords brigade was ordered to drive off the Confederates and obtain supplies for himself. The bucktails were ordered to go on the expedition to further strengthen the Union thrust. Upon arriving at Dranesville, Ord deployed his artillery, cavalry, and two companies of the bucktails to guard the approaches to the town and the remainder of the bucktails were to occupy the Leesburg Pike and investigate the woods in their area of the line. As Kane's men advanced they captured a straggler and sent him to the rear just before receiving orders from Ord. Kane's reaction was to rise in the saddle and say "Foward ,Bucktails, there is fun ahead." His men broke into a run and slammed into a Confederate attack, first slowing the halting the advance in its track. The Confederates eventually fell back and Ord ordered a Union counterattack to push the Confederates from the field. Kane took position with his regiment and advanced. During this advance, Lieutenant Colonel Kane was struck in the face by bullet but his men pushed the Confederates from the field suffering two men killed and just over 20 wounded.&nbsp; Lieutenant Colonel Kane would find himself in the hospital when the next election for colonel came about and in January, Hugh McNeil was name the new colonel of the regiment. Upon recovery, Kane would created a skirmish drill that was accepted by General McClellan and four companies were assigned for the new training and the regiment, now attached to the first brigade of reserves under John Reynolds, moved to Alexandria where it would await the coming campaign season.&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">The regiment would be part of Irwin McDowell's First Corps that was to occupy Fredericksburg and then advance in support of McClellan on the Peninsula. Arriving near Fredericksburg at the end of April, the bucktails went into camp to await orders. At this time, Stonewall Jackson was creating havoc in the Shenandoah Valley and his daring campaign caused Lincoln to keep and then order McDowell's corps to cover Washington and sent troops to capture Jackson. At this time, the four companies assigned to Kane were ordered to remain behind while the remainder of the regiment was ordered to the Peninsula to reinforce McClellan's army. The main body of the regiment arrived on the Peninsula on June 11th.&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">The four companies left behind under Kane were called Kane's Scouts and they covered the advance of James Shields Division in its pursuit of Jackson's confederates. Kane lead his men in several skirmishes but possibly most famous of these occurred on June 6th.&nbsp; Reports came in that a New Jersey regiment had been ambushed and had left dead and wounded on the battlefield. Kane was ordered with one hundred men, to advance and gather the wounded and dead. As they advance, the stumbled upon a Confederate line of battle and a sharp fight ensued. Sending word back that he had found a large force of the enemy, Kane ordered his men to attack. The assault met initial success but the Confederates stubbornly held their ground. Kane was again wounded while leading his men but the momentous moment was to come. After being engaged for a time, a mortally wounded bucktail took notice of a Confederate officer encouraging his men and exposing himself to the fire. The Pennslyvanian, possibly taking his final shot, rose, took aim,and fired. The officer crumpled to the ground, the legendary Turner Ashby was dead.</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">&nbsp;Kane remained in his position believing that he was going to be reinforced but after holding his ground, seeing no reinforcements coming, and seeing Confederate strength closing in, he ordered the retreat. Just after the order was given, Kane was captured by the confederates along with several others. The bucktails lost 52 killed, wounded, and captured in this fight...effectively ending their effectiveness as a fighting unit in the valley. The remnants of these four companies would fight at Cross Keys on June 8th, helping to save a battery that was in danger of being overrun.<br /><br />While Kane and his contingent were fighting Jackson in the Shenandoah, the remainder of the regiment arrived on the Virginia Peninsula on June 11th with the Pennsylvania Reserve Division under George McCall. On the 12th, the division began its march towards Richmond, arriving at a point within thirteen miles of the Confederate capital. At this point, reports arrived that Confederate cavalry were raiding the rear areas of the Union army, the Bucktails took part in what would become an ineffective pursuit that only found the destruction that was left behind by the raiders. After some more marching, the regiment arrived at Mechanicsville on the 19th. Upon arriving at this point, the regiment went to work erecting fortifications. Unknown to them, their position, along with the that of the 5th Corps under Fitz John Porter, would be the focal point of a Confederate counter-offensive that would push McClellan's Grand Army away from Richmond.<br /><br />On June 26th,&nbsp; Confederate infantry began pressing advance Union positions near a vital crossing, Meadow Bridge, on the Chickahominy. Major Roy Stone, commanding the regiment, moved forward with his regiment as well as the 5th PA Reserves to the crossing site. When news came that Union cavalry were being pushed back near, Stone was ordered forward with three companies. Arriving at a crossroads, Stone deployed his three regiments and immediately, Confederate infantry appeared. Two volleys through the Rebels into confusion. The Confederates regrouped and eventually captured the Meadow Bridge, forcing the other three companies of the Bucktails and the 5th reserves back to the main line. The three companies at the crossroads were cut off from friendly forces and immediately came under intense pressure. A vicious fighting withdrawal by Captain Wister and his men of Company B allowed Wister's company to safely reach the main Union defensive line. Major Stone safely directed Company D back to the safety of the Union lines as well.<br /><br />Captain Edward Irvin's Company K was not so fortunate. Captain Irvin refused to accepted reports and orders to fall back unless it came through official channels and by the time this step was taken it was too late, Company K was surrounded. Irvin attempted to breakthrough the growing rebel line but to no avail and has his company retreat deep into the swamp where they heard the sounds of fighting slowly move away. For the next week, while the two armies fought each other, Irvin lead his company through the swamps with the hope of reaching Fredericksburg. But by July 1st, not having eaten for a week and only gone 5 miles, Irvin and his company decided it was time and surrendered. Irvin and his men were marched to Richmond not as conquerors, but as prisoners.<br /><br />The remaining five companies of the regiment fought desperately near Beaver Creek Dam and assist in the successive repulses of the Confederate attacks. Despite beating off the Confederates, Porter withdrew his blue-clad legions towards Gaines Mill, with the Bucktails survivors covering the withdrawal and destroy a bridge that would slow the Confederate advance. Successfully destroying the bridge,&nbsp; Stone pulled his men back towards Gaines Mill but unknown to him, portions of Company E and D under Captain Niles were left behind and did not get across the bridge. Niles would resist in the swamps the Confederate advance and after several hours, he would order the surrender. The regimental flag was with Niles and his band of men. To avoid capture, the flag was hidden in the swamp. This flag (pictured at beginning of post) would eventually be found by Confederates and taken to Richmond where it would remain until its fall in 1865 when it was found in an attic. The toll of the fighting at and near Mechanicsville took a terrible toll on the regiment. Major Stone muster only 125 men when he arrived at Gaines Mill.&nbsp; Stone would lead his regiment in the ensuing battle until its position became untenable and withdrew.&nbsp; At Glendale, Stone's men would fight desperately being driven from the original position but not the field. Stone' s regiment would form a line, with remnants of several other regiments, that would hold the Union line together.<br /><br />After several desperate fights, the Bucktails were reduced to the size of a small company. Fortunately, after briefly being under fire at Malvern Hill, Stone's men would be allowed to take cover under the cover of some bluffs to the rear of the hill.&nbsp; The regiment retreated towards Harrison Landing with the rest of the army and went into camp there. The results of the campaign were staggering with the Bucktails losing nearly 250 men. Colonel McNeil joined the regiment at this point, having recovered from a bout of fever, and broke down when seeing the toll the regiment suffered.&nbsp; The regiment would remain at Harrison's Landing refitting and reorganizing before leaving the Peninsula in the beginning of August. They were again leaving to reinforce a Union army, this one under John Pope.<br /><br />The four company battalion under Lt. Colonel Kane was consolidated with all the forces that were in northern Virginia into what was called the Army of Virginia. Kane's Battalion was assigned to the headquarters detachment and Kane was back with the battalion following his parole. Kane's men would be responsible for the loss of General Pope's baggage but as a result of the action, Kane was promoted to Brigadier General. At Second Manassas, Kane would put his men into a position covering the Union retreat&nbsp; while the rest of the Bucktails fought with Pope's main army and suffered in the disastrous results. The two entities of the regiment would reunite in Washington, D.C. just as Confederate forces began their advance into Maryland.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div>As the Confederates entered into Maryland, the revamped Army of the Potomac moved out of Washington and into western Maryland. During the march, John Reynolds was ordered to Pennsylvania to take command of the state militia and the new brigade commander for the Bucktails brigade was Truman Seymour.&nbsp; The Bucktails marched through Frederick and then onto South Mountain where on the 14th, the sounds of battle could be heard. As part of the First Corps, they were ordered to the north and to turn the Confederate left. The 13th Reserves were deployed as skirmishers in a line nearly 300 strong. As they advance, the regiment came under fire from artillery and Confederate sharpshooters. Taking cover among the rocks and trees, the Bucktails began returning fire. Armed with Sharps rifles, the Confederates were quickly outmatched and a rapid advance drove the Confederates back to their main line of defense.&nbsp; The advance continued with men spaced from two to twenty feet apart and the Confederates were in noticeably superior defensive positions and the 13th suffered dearly. At this point, the 11th Reserves came up in support and both units began pouring fire into the Confederates but were unable to dislodge them Seeing the stalemate that had occurred was sapping the regiment of strength, an officer&nbsp; rallied the men and the advance picked up. Within moments the officer was wounded in the head and the sight caused the men to become enraged and quickly rushed forward gaining ground rapidly.&nbsp; For Confederate fortunes, the coming of darkness saved the utter defeat from becoming worse. <br /><br /><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-cpVBvJgDZgc/TS2zYsyAodI/AAAAAAAAAJ0/mUq9MAGavMk/s1600/hugh+mcneil.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-cpVBvJgDZgc/TS2zYsyAodI/AAAAAAAAAJ0/mUq9MAGavMk/s1600/hugh+mcneil.gif" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hugh McNeil</td></tr></tbody></table>Following the fighting, the surviving Bucktails regrouped and marched in pursuit of the Confederates, who were beginning to take up positions outside the small hamlet of Sharpsburg. Arriving opposite the town near Antietam Creek, the men went into camp. The following morning, it was decided that the regiment as well as the entire First Corps of the army would cross the creek to find the Confederate flank and turn it. By four in the afternoon on September 16th, the First Corps was across the creek and the Bucktails were advancing in skirmish order in search of the Confederates.&nbsp; After advancing a short distance, the men came under fire from Confederate pickets. Quickly, Colonel McNeil deployed the entire regiment and pushed back the opposing picket against the main line that was holding what would become known as the East Woods. The Bucktails came under fire from two Confederate batteries and the veterans of Hood's Texas Brigade under William T. Wofford. The skirmish escalated into a desperate fight for control of the woods. The Pennsylvanians advance gradually going prone within yards of the wood line when the Confederate fire became to intense. The advance continued advancing, if only one or two feet at a time. Eventually, Colonel McNeil, in an effort to force the issue, ordered his regiment to charge. Leading from the front, McNeil would be killed as his men advanced into the woods and gain control of the blood-soaked woodlot. The lose of their commander played heavy on the hearts of the Bucktails. McNeil's successor, Captain Dennis McGee wrote home that the army did not know a braver man then McNeil. The following day, the Bucktails were continue fighting for control of the woods but as the battle escalated, the 13th was pulled from the line to replenish their ammunition and get some rest. But, as the battle took on a nature of his own and cost both sides thousands of men, the Bucktails were again ordered forward but did not see any more significant action.<br /><br />Following this intense campaign season of the summer and fall,&nbsp; the Bucktails were just a shell of what they were. Regimental and company officers were all either killed or recovering from wounds with only three officers (two captains and the regimental adjutant) were left to command the regiment. In the enlisted ranks, only two full size companies could be muster out of the all the companies of the regiment. The state of the regiment, and the entire Pennsylvania Reserves, made it abundantly clear to Governor Curtin that his Reserve Corps needed to be given time to rest, refit, and recruit. He petitioned President Lincoln for the division to return to Harrisburg but received no reply. He then petitioned General McClellan directly but was declined when the commanding General found a need for the division. The Bucktails and the Reserve Division passed in review of President Lincoln during Lincoln's visit to the army at Sharpsburg. The regiment would lead the First Corps in the advance into Virginia eventually reaching the area around Warrenton.<br /><br />At this juncture, George McClellan was relieved of command on November 7th and command given to Ambrose Burnside. The 13th Penn. Reserves, as part of the First Corps, were assigned one of Burnside's Grand Division's, in essence two corps armies within the main army, under William Franklin. The regiment remained in camp until the mid-December when it marched towards the main army massing at Fredericksburg since the middle of November. Arriving there on December 11th, the regiment remained in a state of readiness and was called to action when it was decided that the Reserves would spearhead the assault to carry the heights to the below Fredericksburg. The Bucktails were ordered to support the batteries that were to support the assault and as the assault began, General George Meade, commanding the division, personally ordered the regiment forward. Captain Charles Taylor, commanding the regiment, advanced the regiment into its place in line but diverted when a gap opened within the battleline. Filling the gap, Taylor lead the regiment into a plot of woods penetrating deep into the Confederate line. With two other regiments, the Bucktails pushed on, widening the penetration and losing men at everhttp://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3543108974337368957#editor/target=post;postID=6916533060755805566y step. The advance ground to a halt and came under intense fire from three sides, forcing a withdrawal. The successive brigades of the division advanced but were forced back. Eventually, with no reinforcements in sight and Confederate forces increasing pressure on his division, forced the him to fall back. The PA Reserves had broken the Confederate line but the breach could not be exploited. The Bucktails suffered over 150 casualties for their part in the assault.<br /><br />Following the fighting at Fredericksburg, the Reserve Division took part in the infamous Mud March of January 1863. With the failure of this march, the Reserve Division, 13th Pennsylvania included, were ordered to the Washington defenses to recuperate and recruit to fill the decimated ranks. Remaining here, they would miss the fighting around Chancellorsville. During this time of relative inactivity, the 13th Pennsylvania Reserves reorganized and the colonelcy was given to Captain Taylor and other positions, regimental and company level, were filled as well. <br /><br />When word reached Washington that Confederate forces were advancing into Maryland and into Pennsylvania, the regiments of the Reserve Corps petitioned to go to the defense of their home state. Two brigades were sent and the 13th Pennsylvania Reserves, marching with the First Brigade, marched into Pennsylvania. Arriving at Gettysburg on the second day of fighting, the Bucktails deployed as Confederate forces swarmed the Union line. After firing a few devastating volleys, Colonel Taylor lead his regiment in a vicious counterattack that pushed the Confederates from initial positions near&nbsp; Little Round Top to the Wheatfield. The attack so disorganized the regiment that men fought with whatever unit was nearby. Several men found themselves engaged with Confederate sharpshooters in Devils Den and were finding difficulty forcing them out. Colonel Taylor, frustrated with the inactivity, stated he would bring up men to continue the advance. Moments later, he would fall, killed by one of those sharpshooters. Command fell to Major Ross Hartshorne, the lt. colonel being wounded in the charge. The Bucktails had taken up a position behind a stonewall, holding there until darkness fell. On July 3rd, the first brigade advanced following the repulse of the Confederate attack on the center, pushing Confederate forces out of the Wheatfield and Devils Den. In this final advance, the Bucktails captured the flag of the Fifteenth Georgia. Sergeant James Thompson of Company G would be awarded the medal of honor for capturing this flag. The regiment would participate in the pursuit following this battle and the campaign of maneuver&nbsp; in the late summer and fall of 1863.<br /><br />The following spring, as the new campaign season came about, the Bucktails would find themselves marching into the Wilderness in search of the Confederate army. They became engaged with their opponents near Parker's Store where they decimated a charging Confederate cavalry detachment. So intense was the fire, the Bucktails were using Spencer Rifles, that as one Confederate officer attempted to rally his men, one exclaimed, "Cavalry Hell! Cavalry don't carry knapsacks and wear bucktails!" The regiments reputation had preceded it. The regiment would participate in the ensuing battle suffered roughly 37 casualties. The regiment continued onto Spotsylvania Courthouse where after a savage and bloody fight that lasted two weeks, the regiment would suffer 81 casualties. The final casualties the regiment would suffer would be along the North Anna where 5 more names would be added to the rolls.<br /><br />With the regiment pulled from the line for mustering out, those that re-enlisted were detailed to other Pennsylvania regiments and those that chose to go home did so. Just under 500 men were left from the original regiment and about half of these re-enlisted. Just over 200 returned to Harrisburg, arriving there on June 6th amid a torrent of support from its citizens. The regiment went into camp at Camp Curtin, where it entered service three years prior, and on June 13th, the regiment was mustered out of service (despite never being mustered in for US service). The discharges were made official on June 15th and the regiment's survivors bid farewell to comrades and began the long journey home.<br /><br /><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-7M6lt81hbKQ/T6Hs1T0lqkI/AAAAAAAAAR0/eNeC72--m04/s1600/12Pares-4c-451-009.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-7M6lt81hbKQ/T6Hs1T0lqkI/AAAAAAAAAR0/eNeC72--m04/s320/12Pares-4c-451-009.jpg" width="176" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">13th PA Reserve Monument, Gettysburg</td></tr></tbody></table>Through the course of the war, the regiment had roughly 1,100 men serve within its ranks and of these according to the regimental history lost 858 men killed, wounded, and missing through outs is term of service. For three years, the 13th Pennsylvania Reserves fought in 7 major campaigns as either an entire unit or detachments and became well known among their counterparts not only for their distinctive bucktails but also their marksmanship and while Pennsylvania Reserves are one of the most well know units raised by any northern state, the 13th Pennsylvania is arguably the most famous of the regiments from this division. <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"></div><br /><br />Sources:<br /><br />Thomson, Osmon and William Rauch. <i>History of the "Bucktails": Kane Rifle Regiment of Pennsylvania Reserve Corps (13th Pennsylvania Reserves, 42nd of the Line)</i> William H. Rauch: 1906. <br /><br />Company B, 1st PA Rifles. <a href="http://www.pabucktail.com/index.htm">http://www.pabucktail.com/index.htm</a>. <br /><br />PA Capitol Preservation Committee.&nbsp; <a href="http://cpc.state.pa.us/cpcweb/web/guest/1st-pa-rifles-flag-returned-to-the-commonwealth">13th PA Reserves flag image</a>. [accessed 4/26/12]<br /><br />Unknown author.&nbsp;<a href="http://www.pabucktail.com/ImagesStaff.html">Staff of the 13th PA Reserves. </a>[accessed 4/30/12] <br /><br />Civilwar.org. <a href="http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/dranesville/a-splendid-little-affair.html">Battle of Dranesville</a> [accessed 4/30/12]<br /><br />Pabucktails.com.&nbsp;<a href="http://www.pabucktail.com/Newspapers/Mauch%20Chunk%20Gazette/Mauck%20Chunk%201091862.htm">McGee Letter</a>. From the <span style="font-family: &quot;News Gothic MT&quot;;">Mauch Chunk Gazette&nbsp; October 9, 1862</span> [accessed 5/2/12] <br /><br />Steve Hawks. <a href="http://www.gettysburg.stonesentinels.com/PA/13PaRes.php">Stone Sentinals: 13th Pa Reserves Monument</a> [accessed 5/2/12]Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-73667366649169549642012-04-17T22:25:00.000-04:002012-04-17T22:44:48.318-04:00"His place can hardly be filled....": Captain Wilson Cowell, 2nd Wisconsin Infantry<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-XrhnDgWw8B4/T44ZJbwEsxI/AAAAAAAAAQ8/7A_0njb3p6U/s1600/Captain+William+Cowell,+2nd+Wis.+Co.+B.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-XrhnDgWw8B4/T44ZJbwEsxI/AAAAAAAAAQ8/7A_0njb3p6U/s320/Captain+William+Cowell,+2nd+Wis.+Co.+B.gif" style="background-color: white;" width="241" /></a></div>This is a photo of Captain Wilson Cowell of Co. B, 2nd Wisconsin Infantry. Captain Cowell was killed in action leading the skirmishers that were covering the advance of the 2nd Wisconsin along the National Pike towards Turner's Gap.<br /><br />Cowell was born April 12, 1827 the oldest of five children. In 1858, after working for his father, Cowell moved to La Cross, Wisconsin and founded the Katayan Bank. Becoming deeply involved with his new home, he was elected as mayor of La Cross in April 1861 but events on the national level would cause Cowell to instead enlisted on April 18, 1861, just having turned 34 years of age. Having served as a captain in a pre-war militia unit, Cowell was quickly given the rank of captain.&nbsp; He would lead Company B in the fighting at First Bull Run, Groveton, Second Bull Run, and Chantilly before losing his life at South Mountain. He was extremely loved by the men of his company and a story that veterans later remember was during the First Battle of Bull Run when an artillery shell struck within his company. Cowell, calmly taking out his pipe and lighting it, sat in the spot where the shell struck stating that lightening does not strike twice in the same spot.<br /><br />Cowell's remains would be transported back to his birthplace of Kittanning Cemetery in Kittanning, Pennsylvania.&nbsp; A poem, entitled <i>Tobacco Road</i>, was written by a soldier in Company B following his death. A brief excerpt:<br /><br /><div align="center"><i><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><big>'Twas an evening in September, <br />When we charged famed "Turner's Pass,"<br />That we found our brave commander<br />Lying bleeding on the grass.</big></span></i></div><div align="center"><br /></div><div align="center"><i><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><big>A comrade gently raised his head<br />To see if there was life;<br />But alas, the vital spark had fled<br />With his last words, "Oh, my wife!"</big></span></i></div><div align="center"><br /></div><div align="center"><i><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><big>Before we ceased our cannonade<br />Into the South Mountain's door,<br />A wail went from the Iron Brigade,<br />Brave Colwell is no more.</big></span></i></div><div align="center"><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ApYd-6haxZk/T44ixhoptiI/AAAAAAAAARE/urxVl6idorU/s1600/82771534_132538050808.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ApYd-6haxZk/T44ixhoptiI/AAAAAAAAARE/urxVl6idorU/s320/82771534_132538050808.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Captain Cowell's final resting place</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><div align="center"><br /></div><br />&nbsp;Sources:<br /><br />1.Unknown author.&nbsp;<a href="http://www.secondwi.com/wisconsinpeople/wilsonb.htm">Wilson B. Cowell page</a>&nbsp; [accessed 4/17/12]<br /><br />2. Ralph Sattefield.&nbsp; <a href="http://image2.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=pv&amp;GRid=82771534&amp;PIpi=53687659">findagrave.com (Cowell Grave)</a>. [accessed 4/17/12]<br /><br /><br /><br />Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-41487037709214194342012-03-29T00:24:00.001-04:002012-04-01T15:03:57.690-04:00"With their usual gallantry": Hood's Division stems the tide at Fox's Gap<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-yNg1SPwtmlA/T3PQhHBFfzI/AAAAAAAAAQs/2KyDbrebGbY/s1600/Gen.+Hood.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-yNg1SPwtmlA/T3PQhHBFfzI/AAAAAAAAAQs/2KyDbrebGbY/s200/Gen.+Hood.jpg" width="136" /></a>While going into battle at dusk on September 14th, Brigadier General John Bell Hood's division of would go into line of battle and, as General Hood stated in his report that he ordered his division, "to move forward with bayonets fixed..." and this movement towards Fox's Gap helped stem the tide of Union infantry that had all but destroyed the brigade of Thomas Drayton and was advancing unopposed in the growing darkness. The timely counterattack by Hood saved the Confederate foothold on the mountain and allowed the Confederates to withdraw towards the hills around Sharpsburg.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />At the outset of the Maryland Campaign, General Hood would find himself marching at the rear of his division, under arrest for insubordination as a result of a dispute over the rightful ownership of captured Union ambulances following the Second Battle of Manassas/Bull Run between Hood and Brigadier General Nathan Evans. Hood was ordered to Culpepper for court martial but, General Lee rescinded that order and Hood remained with the army as it marched into Maryland. As a result of his arrest, according to Hood in his post-war memoirs, his division,upon it's arrival in Hagerstown would demonstrate a certain degree of insubordination and Hood advised his subordinates that the issue of his arrest would be decided in a short time.<br /><br />Hood's prediction would come true on September 14th. Reports of a heavy Union presence threatening the division of D.H. Hill at the mountain gaps on South Mountain would cause the "main body" of the army to stir out of its encampments near Hagerstown and onto the National Pike in a forced march to the relieve of Hill's division. Surely, as the men of James Longstreet's command marched towards South Mountain, they heard the distant thunder of cannon and the sharp crack of musketry as Hill's division found itself in a stubborn fight for survival and all knew that deadly work was ahead and quickened the pace.<br /><br />Longstreet's command would begin arriving at the base of the mountain in early to mid-afternoon after a dust-filled and exhausting march. Hood's division would begin ascending the mountain at about 3:30 pm and Hood, still at the rear of his division, faintly heard the cry's from his Texas brigade demanding of General Lee, "Give us Hood!". Coming upon&nbsp; General Lee as his division walked by his headquarters, Lee called Hood into a meeting. Lee requested that Hood show regret for his dispute with General Evans and Hood politely declined, both attempts by Lee for the admittance of guilt. Seeing that he would get nowhere with Hood, Lee promptly released Hood from his arrest to re-take command of his division and the matter of the ambulance dispute would be settled at a later date.<br /><br />Hood quickly mounted his horse and rode to the summit, amid the cheers of his division, and reported to General Longstreet, who was then placing his command into defensive positions on either side of the National Pike. Hood was ordered to deploy his division on the left of the pike with his right resting near the pike. From this position, Hood witnessed "the advance of McClellan's long lines" that had the evident appearance of forcing the Confederates from the mountain. Remaining in this position for a short time, Hood was ordered by Longstreet to shift his division to the South of the pike to shore up the Confederate line there. At this time, Drayton's brigade was heavily beaten back and the Union 9th Corps was across Fox's Gap. Hood quickly put his men on the move down the Wood's Road, described by Hood as nothing but a "pig path".<br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rWfppVeq6Qw/T3PeMDH_6HI/AAAAAAAAAQ0/VnCAEdm0FDk/s1600/Hood%27s+Counterattack.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="186" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rWfppVeq6Qw/T3PeMDH_6HI/AAAAAAAAAQ0/VnCAEdm0FDk/s320/Hood%27s+Counterattack.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hood's counterattack, Union positions (blue) are generalized.</td></tr></tbody></table>Hearing the distinct shouts of the Union advance and fighting through remnants of Drayton's brigade, Hood order his division to deploy.&nbsp; The alignment of Hood's battle line is up for debate, but from research, it is assumed that Hood deployed his division with Colonel Evander Law's brigade on his left and Colonel William Wofford's brigade on the right facing in a Southeasterly direction. Hood ordered that his division fix bayonets and when the Union troops were within 75 to 100 yards, the order to charge was given. Meeting little resistance from the Union lines, Hood's division regained a foothold near Fox's Gap and brought the fight to a close, remaining in position until about midnight when it was ordered to cover the army's retreat off the mountain. It is also to note, that a bullet fired by Hood's men may have been the fatal bullet the took the life of Major General Jesse Reno of the 9th Corps. As the Confederates withdrew towards Sharpsburg, Hood's division along with cavalry would supply the army with a determined rear guard.<br /><br />&nbsp;Arriving near Sharpsburg, Hood's division would first go into position on the Confederate left and would fight a severe skirmish for possession of the East Woods on the 16th. Hood would get his division pulled from the line and into position in an area&nbsp; a few hundred yards to the rear of the Dunker Church where it would remain until called into action, delivering a heavy blow Union forces advancing down the Hagerstown Pike and in return suffering heavily for it.<br /><br />Hood's hard-fighting division would suffer roughly 50 casualties, the majority in Evander Law's brigade, during its attack at dusk on September 14th. While this attack is not as famous or severe as that which would occur at Antietam on the 17th, it allowed the Confederates to keep a hold on the mountain long enough for night to come and another day to be bought for the reduction of Harper's Ferry by Stonewall Jackson. <br /><br />Sources:<br /><br />John Bell Hood. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of of the records of the Union and Confederate Armies; Series 1, Volume 19 (part 1), pg. 922.<br /><br />John Bell Hood. <i>Advance and Retreat: Personal experiences in the United States and Confederate Armies. </i>Hood Orphan Fund, G.T. Beauregard: New Orleans, LA. 1880<i>&nbsp; </i>pgs. 38-41. <br /><br /><br />Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-35793918386351886842012-03-21T21:26:00.000-04:002012-03-21T21:26:36.526-04:00"Well, captain, your men fight like devils..."The following excerpt is from the memoirs of Sergeant Archibald F. Hill of the 8th Pennsylvania Reserves that were published in 1866. Sergeant Hill enlisted in the 8th Pennsylvania Reserves regiment as a private in June 1861 and was promoted to corporal in July 1861 and eventually to sergeant in May 1862. He would serve with the regiment on the Peninsula and would find himself in the fight at South Mountain. He would survive the battle, but three days later at Antietam, he would be wounded in the leg as his regiment advanced to a point just to the north of the Cornfield. Archibald would be carried by his comrades in a blanket to an ambulance that was awaiting just beyond the regiments bivouac beyond the North Woods. He would be transported to a barn and then eventually a school house where he would&nbsp; have his left leg amputated. He would find himself recovering in the Smoketown Hospital during the fall of 1862 and he would receive a surgeons certificate and be discharged in December 1862. The excerpt begins following the arrival of the Hill's regiment arriving and going into camp near the Monocacy River near Frederick. <br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-style: italic;">Chapter XXXVII</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-style: italic;">South Mountain</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">When night came and there were no indications of marching, we wrapped ourselves in our blankets and sought repose.&nbsp;</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">The morning of Sunday, the fourteenth of September, was beautiful--the sky clear. Before noon, however, it became clouded over, and there was every appearance of rain. We had time to breakfast before we were ordered to fall in. At last we were on our way again--westward. An hour after we passed through Frederick, where the number of flags and white handkerchiefs waved at us from doors and windows was truly gratifying.&nbsp; At almost every door stood some bewitching creature with a pail of clear, cold, sparkling water; while others stood with glasses in their hands inviting us to drink. They talked pleasantly with us, and manifested every indication of preferring us to the rebels. I can't for the life of me tell what made me so thirsty that morning; for I must have stopped a dozen times for a drink of water; and each time it chanced (?) I was helped to a glass by a beauty.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">As we progressed the sound of artillery began to be heard in front. We had marched twelve miles and were certainly within two miles of the firing when it ceased. A little after three o'clock we found ourselves almost at the base of a tall mountain. Here taking a by-road we (our division) filed off the pike to the right. We had marched nearly half a mile when a rebel battery which was posted at the summit of the mountain opened upon us with shell and round shot. By left-oblique movement, we soon succeeded in gaining the cover of an abrupt ridge near the base of the mountain. The battery then ceased to play. A line of battle was now formed and preparations made to move forward.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">About this time Lieutenant Carter said to Captain Conner--</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"Captain, I think there will be a fight!"</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"No doubt there will," replied the captain.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"Captain," he continued earnestly, " I know I shall be shot."</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"Oh,&nbsp; nonsense!"</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">" But I will; I am an unlucky mortal. I was shot while on the Peninsula almost the first chance I got--I was only wounded there; to-day I will be killed; I know it."</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"Come now, lieutenant, it's only a foolish notion that has got into your head; get rid of it; cheer up: you will come out all right."</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"I wish I could think so. I will fall doing my duty, captain," said the brave fellow; for he was a brave man.&nbsp;</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"I know you will do you duty, lieutenant."</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">About four o'clock we began to advance. We toiled up the steep ascent in front of us, when we discovered that a valley lay yet between us and the main ascent of South Mountain. While passing through a corn-field upon the hill, the enemy's artillery again opened upon us with solid shot. Down the hill we went--across the small valley--up the steep ascent of the mountain. A few hundred yards from the base of the mountain was a stone-fence. Below this, the ground was clear; above, the face of the mountain was covered with trees and rocks. When withing fifty yards of the stone-fence, a murderous fire of musketry was opened upon us by the rebels, who lay concealed behind it, and swarms of bullets whistled about our ears. With a wild shout, we dashed forward--almost upward--while volley after volley was poured upon us; but we heeded it not; we rushed madly on. The rebels, intimidated by our voices,and taken aback by our recklessness and disregard of their bullets, began to give way. We reached the stone-fence,and sprang over. The rebels reformed among the rocks, and fought with remarkable obstinacy.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">Captain Conner had left his horse at the rear, and he and Lieutenant Carter were just springing over the wall, withing a few feet of each other, when the later was struck in the head by a bullet, and fell back--dead.&nbsp;</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">We pressed the rebels closely. They stood awhile, loading and firing, but at last began to waver. Directly in front of the right of our regiment, they gave way; and several companies from our right--ours among them--pressed forward, becoming detached from the regiment. We soon found ourselves thirty to forty paces ahead of the regiment, having gained the flank of the Seventeenth South Carolina. We were within twenty or thirty steps of them, directly on their left, and they did not see us; then we mowed them down. Poor fellows! I almost pitied them, to see them sink down by dozens at every discharge! I remember taking deliberate aim at a tall South Carolinian, who was standing with his side to me loading his gun. I fired, and he fell into a crevice between two rocks. Step by step we drove the rebels up the steep side of the mountain. By moving a little to the left, I reached the spot where I had seen the rebel fall. On my arrival thither, he arose to a sitting posture, and I was convinced he was not dead yet, I inquired whether he was wounded, and he very mournfully nodded assent. The blood was flowing from a wound in the neck. He also pointed to a wound in the arm. The same bullet had made both wounds; for at the time I fired, he was in the act of ramming a bullet home--his arm extended vertically. He arose to his feet, and I was pleased to find him able to walk. I informed him that, in the nature of things, he was a prisoner; and I sent him to the rear, under charge of one of the boys.&nbsp;</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">Having done so, I threw myself upon the ground, and crawled among the rocks to a position fifteen paces in advance of the company, with the intention of taking some unwary rebel by surprise, and getting a fair shot at him. Cocking my rifle, I abruptly arose from my position, which was protected by a rock three feet high. Oh, horror! there, scarcely ten paces from me, stood a great grim rebel, just on the point of bringing his gun to an aim--right at me, too, and his dark eyes scowled fiercely upon me from beneath the broad brim of a large ugly hat. Now it is sheer nonsense to talk about taking a cool aim under such circumstances. Therefore, with a little more agility than I had ever before exhibited, I blazed away at random, and dropped behind the rock--every hundredth part of a second seeming like an age; for I felt sure that the rebel bullet would catch me yet, ere I could drop behind my redoubt. A bullet tipped the rock above my head as I dropped.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">Step by step, the rebels retired. I waited at my new position till the line came up. Our boys had just reached me, when Dave Malone was struck in the head by a bullet, and he fell back, quivering and gasping for breath. He soon expired. After the battle, he was buried in the wild, lonely mountain--where he fell.&nbsp;</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">By sunset we had driven the enemy to the crest of the mountain. Many were dead and the wounded they left lying among the rocks. Many prisoners were taken. Among the wounded left on the field was a rebel officer of manly appearance. He was wounded in the thigh, and appear to be suffering intense pain. Captain Conner approached him, and said:--</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"You are wounded, are you not?"</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"Yes in the thigh--and badly," was the reply.&nbsp;</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"May I inquire your name?"</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"I am Major Meanes, of the Seventeeth South Carolina. May I ask you the same question?"</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"I am Captain Conner, of the Eighth Pennsylvania Reserves."</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"The--the--Pennsylvania Reserves!"</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"Yes:</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"Well, captain, your men fight like devils; they are driving our men right up this steep mountain; I never could have believed it!"</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"Ah, major, there is blood in Pennsylvania as well as in South Carolina."</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">"I am convinced of that."</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">About dark, the rebels abandoned the mountain at this point, and the firing ceased. At the left and centre, however, the fighting continued till nine o'clock, when it ceased, and the whole rebel force gave way. O that it had been daylight, that we might have pursued them at once! Under the circumstances, however, it was impossible. The night was very dark, and the ways of the mountain obscure. We lay down among the rocks and slept.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;">Our whole loss at the Battle of South Mountain was twenty-three hundred; that of the enemy, more than four thousand. If there was every a victory gained, in any war, in any campaign, the Battle of South Mountain resulted in a most decided and complete Union victory.</span><br /><br /><br />Sources:<br /><br />Hill, Archibald F.,<i> Our Boys: The Personal Experiences of a Soldier in the Army of the Potomac</i>. Phila: John E. Potter, 1866. Pgs. 394-398.<br /><br />&nbsp;Ibid, 405-410.<br /><br />Gayley, Alice J. <a href="http://www.pa-roots.com/pacw/reserves/8thres/8threscod.html">Roster, Co. D, 8th Pa Reserves (www.pa-roots.com)</a> [accessed 3/21/12]</div>Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3543108974337368957.post-17585208616837308592012-03-03T21:31:00.000-05:002012-03-04T10:51:43.881-05:002nd Lieutenant William G. Dekle, Jr., Co. F, 50th Georgia Infantry. KIA Fox's Gap<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Q14rAB7krd0/T1LIn2pS1oI/AAAAAAAAAQk/0FZVIgN8Rv0/s1600/LTWilliamGDekle50thGACoF.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Q14rAB7krd0/T1LIn2pS1oI/AAAAAAAAAQk/0FZVIgN8Rv0/s320/LTWilliamGDekle50thGACoF.jpg" width="218" /></a></div>This is a photograph of 2nd Lieutenant William Grissom Dekle, Jr. who served in Co. F, 50th Georgia Infantry. He enlisted in the 50th in the spring of 1862 and was elected 2nd lieutenant in June of 1862. Dekle would find himself crossing the Potomac into Maryland with Thomas F. Drayton's brigade in early September 1862 as Robert E. Lee moved his army northward for the first time in the war. On September 14th, the 50th would find itself marching to the aid of Daniel H. Hill's division, which had come under heavy pressure from Union forces advancing against the vital gaps on South Mountain. The 50th would march towards Fox's Gap and would constitute the&nbsp; Confederate left during the afternoon fighting with&nbsp; Co. F marking the extreme left.<br /><br />At around 3 P.M., General Drayton ordered the Philip's (GA) Legion, the 3rd South Carolina Battalion, and the 15th South Carolina out of the Old Sharpsburg Road and into Daniel Wise's South Field. With this movement, the 50th moved from a position in Wise's North Field and into the road to support the advancing Confederate infantry. Suddenly, the roar of musketry broke the afternoon silence and the three regiments sent into Wise's South Field came under heavy attack to the front as well as their left. Lieutenant Dekle's Company F, along with the remainder of the 50th and the 51st Georgia, supported the exposed regiments the best they could. The company began to take fire from the left flank and rear as the fight reached a climax. The fire was coming from the 45th Pennsylvania and 46th New York from Thomas Welsh's Union brigade&nbsp; and devastating volleys of musketry were coming from the 17th Michigan infantry (Benjamin Christ's brigade) that had gain the rear of the Confederate battle line. The devastating fire swept the 50th Georgia, especially Company F, leaving Confederate dead and wounded laying thick in the Old Sharpsburg Road. When the fighting had ended, Company F had lost 12 killed, 17 wounded, and 7 missing, the number of men from Company F escaping unscathed can be counted on one hand. Among the dead was Lieutenant Dekle. He would be buried in an unmarked grave beside the dozens of Confederate dead that littered the fields around Fox's Gap.&nbsp; Dekle's remains would remain at Fox's Gap until after the war when in the 1870's an effort was begun to re-inter the Confederate dead from South Mountain and Antietam in on cemetery. Dekle is now buried, as an unknown, along side over 2,000 Confederate soldiers in the Washington Confederate Cemetery at Rose Hill Cemetery in Hagerstown, Maryland. To note, Dekle's wife, Susan, upon her passing in 1911, requested to be buried in an unmarked grave as her husband was in 1862. <br /><br />Sources:<br /><br />1. <a href="https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=3157638234129&amp;set=o.145318935547&amp;type=3&amp;theater">Thomas County Historical Society and Museum of History.</a><br /><br />2.<a href="http://www.ourvickers.net/showmedia.php?mediaID=1652&amp;medialinkID=1744"> Photo</a>Tim Warehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14488653236341541079noreply@blogger.com0