How are mortgage liens treated in Connecticut?

Connecticut is known as alien theory state where the property acts as security for the underlying loan, however the operative mortgage documents in Connecticut have the same legal effect as adeed of trust in that the mortgagee (creditor) has legal title to the mortgaged premises and the mortgagor (debtor) has equitable title, also called the equity of redemption. The document that places the lien on the property is called amortgage.

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How are Connecticut mortgages foreclosed?

In Connecticut, the lenders go to court in what is known as ajudicial foreclosure proceeding. Connecticut has two (2) versions of judicial foreclosure one is known asstrict foreclosure and the other is known asforeclosure by sale where the court must issue a final judgment of foreclosure. In theforeclosure by sale the property is sold as part of a publicly noticed sale. A complaint is filed in court along with what is known alis pendens. Alis pendens is a recorded document that provides public notice that the property is being foreclosed upon. Astrict foreclosure is a summary proceeding that usually involves a property with little or no equity. Basically all parties in interest to the mortgage are given a set timetable to make full payment or redeem at the conclusion of which title to the property will pass directly to the lender without a sale if the conditions for redemption are not met.

How long does it take to foreclose a property in Connecticut?

Depending on the court schedule and method of foreclosure, it usually takes approximately 60-75 days to effectuate an uncontestedstrict foreclosure. This process may delayed if the borrower contests the action, seeks delays and adjournments of hearings, files forbankruptcy or files a motion for a foreclosure by sale.

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Is there a right of redemption in Connecticut?

Generally no. Connecticut has no specific post salestatutory right of redemption, which allows a party whose property has been foreclosed to reclaim that property by making payment in full of the sum of the unpaid loan plus costs. After the sale the court will generally provide a short window for there to be a redemption and in a strict foreclosure the cutoff period is called alaw day after which no redemption can be made. There is a time limit to undertake such redemption prior to the sale date.

Are deficiency judgments permitted in Connecticut?

Yes, adeficiency judgment may be obtained when a property in foreclosure is sold at a public sale for less than the loan amount that the underlying mortgage secures. This means that the borrower still owes the lender for the difference between what the property sold for at auction and the amount of the original loan. Deficiency is governed under §49-14 General Statutes of Connecticut. An appraisal process and hearing must be held on any application for a deficiency judgment.

What statutes govern Connecticut foreclosures?

The laws that govern Connecticut foreclosures are found in Title 49 (Mortgages and Liens), Chapter 846 (Mortgages), §49-1 to §49-31j of the General Statutes of Connecticut. To view these statutes on the Web, you can visit: