"Crisis" is a medical term that refers to a situation in which people's lives and health are threatened and in a desperate state. On the meaning of public crisis, scholars at home and abroad have different studies. Is relatively mature in domestic public crisis in the study, professor emergency most representative, he thought "has influenced public crisis is a kind of social work, life, property and environment to the public as a threat, damage, beyond the normal management ability by the government and the society, government and society should take special measures imposed in response to an emergency or emergency". Therefore, the public crisis under social media mainly refers to an unexpected event that has an impact on social life and breaks out and spreads rapidly on the platform of social media due to natural, man-made or force majeure factors in social life, contrary to stability. There are many types of public crisis, including political public crisis events, such as war; Economic public crisis events, such as high unemployment; Social public crisis events, such as social hot issues; Natural public crisis events, such as typhoons and earthquakes; Productive public crisis events, such as product safety, etc. The occurrence of public crisis events is characterized by uncertainty, universality, destructiveness and continuity. Chongqing bus plunged into the river is a social public crisis. Due to the conflict between drivers and passengers, the crisis resulted in huge losses to people's lives and property. The government and society have taken emergency rescue measures to deal with the emergence of public crisis.

Scholars at home and abroad study different definitions of social media. Social media evolved from traditional media, including not only traditional media and new media, but also some online we-media and news media. Social media or medium of English term is more complex and diverse, has mediazation, medialisation, different words, such as mediation, mediatization has focused on the mediation and mediatization between two words. There are various types of social media that penetrate into people's social life. In the context of social media, people have more and more diverse ways to participate in social, political, economic and cultural life, with lower and lower threshold. In cyberspace, social media forms private power as opposed to public power due to its advantages in technology and platform, and people can freely express their opinions and opinions, forming a kind of aggregated information communication for social public crisis. The difference between public crisis and public crisis governance is only one word. The latter refers to the measures taken by the government or other social organizations to deal with crisis events. Social media will influence the government's public crisis handling behavior. For example, after a bus plunged into a river in chongqing, Internet users began to accuse the female driver of driving a car, and the government then questioned and investigated her. Social media is the platform and main way for public crisis events to break out. The government must rely on the role of citizens and social media in crisis management. As an information communication medium between the government and citizens, social media can accelerate the dissemination of social public crisis events and make the government actively respond. Meanwhile, the complexity of social media environment also brings some difficulties and influences to the government's public crisis management.

In today's society, public crisis management has been an important task of the government. With the rapid development of social economy and social media, social conflicts are constantly escalating. Scholars at home and abroad do not have a unified understanding of the definition of social media, because social media is constantly upgrading and updating. To explore the current situation and causes of public crisis under social media is to explore the problems and causes of public crisis from micro and macro levels.

The first is poor risk awareness. Lack of safety awareness in social life. The public crisis itself is uncertain and risky, and people feel that it has nothing to do with me, even when I encounter danger, I don't even realize the risk. The second is the failure to correctly understand the role of social media in public crisis. When a crisis event breaks out, in order to rush to find the person responsible for the accident, people make unrealistic comments on social media based on subjective judgment, which will deepen the harm of public crisis events.

Since the reform and opening up, with the economic development and social transformation, China has entered a period of interest differentiation, which is mainly manifested in the diversification of interest subjects, interest demands and social contradictions. Although the diversification of social contradictions is adjustable, it presents complex diversity in real life. With the diversification of social subjects and different levels of demands, it is easy to produce interest disputes, which leads to economic or social public crisis.

Since the reform and opening up, whether social media itself, or the vast number of Internet users, every day to participate in, visit the news and information website and client number. In his book the power of the Internet in China, Yang guobin pointed out the complex relationship between technology, social system and human experience. He believed that "the information communication of the Internet and the expression of citizen mobilization" jointly constructed the network civil society. In such an online media environment, the majority of Internet users obtain information and exchange opinions on the Internet without knowing the real crisis events, which speeds up the propagation of public crisis events and may produce untrue facts, deepening the harmfulness of public crisis events. The development of social media and network technology has changed the environment in which public crisis events occur. Once the crisis occurs, all sectors of society will pay attention to it and pay attention to the formulation and implementation of government policies. Iii. Coping strategies of public crisis under social media

As we all know, after the occurrence of public crisis, all sectors of society expect the government to solve it and provide the people with the most authentic and authoritative official information. From occurrence to solution of public crisis events, all sectors of society will participate, including government organizations, non-governmental organizations, social media and citizens. However, in the process of public crisis management, the government plays a leading role. According to the characteristics of online public opinion and social media environment, the government should deal with the public crisis under social media from the following three aspects to maintain the consistency and stability of policies.

In today's society, the occurrence of public crisis events has shifted from the real environment of social life to the virtual environment of social media network. People have not experienced the process of crisis events, but can freely express their views and opinions in social media. Since the 18th national congress of the communist party of China (CPC), the CPC central committee has put forward the requirements of maintaining a reasonable balance between controlling social risks and stimulating the vitality of the Internet. However, in practice, it has encountered difficulties of high cost and insufficient effectiveness. The government should aim at this difficulty, control network public opinion, reduce its impact on public crisis.

First, the government should make good use of the government's official media and government portals, such as People's Daily, xinhua news agency and so on. Timely push and update the most authoritative process and results of public crisis events on these government newspapers or websites, or hold press conferences to positively guide public opinions, so as to quell rumors and comments on the Internet. Secondly, the government should adjust the internal environment of social media and severely crack down on citizens who publish false news and spread rumors. The government should establish a good network governance concept and change the mode of crisis governance. Finally, the government should establish a supervision mechanism in the social media environment to ensure the authenticity of information sources. On the one hand, the government should strengthen the supervision of the social network environment, purify the network environment, and ensure the authenticity of its public crisis information sources; On the other hand, the government should make use of the universality of social media to strengthen cooperation with social media and innovate the methods of public crisis management, so as to maintain the stability of political policies.

The occurrence of a public crisis will have an impact on the social production and life of the people, no matter for the victims, their families or other people. In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of crisis events and reduce the social harm caused by the crisis, the government should strengthen the psychological intervention mechanism. The government should realize the importance of strengthening the psychological construction of the people, so that they can get spiritual comfort after experiencing public crisis events, and at the same time make the government establish a good image, so as to achieve the effect of policy stability.

First of all, the government can set up a special government department and set up a professional psychological crisis intervention team to conduct different psychological interventions for the victims, their families and the public, so as to alleviate the public mood and reduce the social impact caused by the public crisis. Secondly, the government should guide the public to establish a good sense of responsibility, abide by social ethics in social life, respect others and reduce unnecessary social conflicts. Meanwhile, Internet users under social media should be guided to cultivate their good media literacy and improve their ability to judge the truth and falsehood of news. Finally, the government should guide the public to a positive public opinion environment, increase the openness of public crisis events, and ensure the authenticity of their information, so as to eliminate the doubts of the public and avoid their unrealistic rumors due to incomplete information, causing fear and tension in the public.

Since China's reform and opening up, reform of administrative system has become an important part of political system reform, in view of the social media environment governance of public crisis, the government from the perspective of network public opinion, policy analysis, public psychology Angle should also from its own government management, laws and regulations construction countermeasures are put forward. To change the government's own management strategy and modernize its governance system and capacity has become the general goal of deepening reform in an all-round way.

First, the government should strengthen the formulation and improvement of relevant laws and regulations. The lack of law and system is the primary factor that leads to the failure of timely and effective crisis management after the occurrence of public crisis. People's congresses at all levels and their governments should establish and improve relevant laws and regulations and specific provisions to deal with public crisis in the network media environment, implement the regulations on network environment safety, and clarify the rights and obligations of citizens. In addition, the legal provisions should also specify the code of conduct of the main persons responsible for the crisis, the victims and the public, so as to help public officials have laws to follow in the process of coping with the crisis. Second, the government should enhance its authority and credibility. Government management is mainly about the management of government officials, who should have a firm sense of serving the people. At the same time, the most important thing is for the government to set up an expert group to establish a set of operation mode of crisis management, so as to make a specific operation mode before and after the crisis and reduce the uncertainty and destructiveness of public crisis events. Finally, the government should play the role of non-governmental organizations to improve the development of relevant technologies. The government must invest a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources to deal with the public crisis, which requires the participation of non-governmental organizations.

Today, with the rapid development of informatization, China's public crisis management is still inadequate, which is mainly caused by the rapid development of social economy and the emergence of some social contradictions. Social media has intensified the outbreak and spread of public crisis and expanded its influence. After the occurrence of public crisis, a series of government policies and measures are particularly important. The government should make good use of the development of social media technology and innovate the way of public crisis management. Meanwhile, the system and law are the premise to ensure the solution of the crisis. The government should recognize the shortcomings of social media, the public and its own management, and actively seek policy measures to play the guiding role of policy stability in public crisis, and reduce the occurrence of public crisis events and the social harm caused.