Wood Metal Fastener Identification PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Wood Metal Fastener Identification

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2. History of the Nail Date back to 3400 BC
Found in Egypt
Now there are 2,200 varieties of nails

3. Hand-made Nails 1st nails were hand made
Used until the early 18th century
Used for sheathing and roof boards

4. Type-A Cut Nails Used from 1790-1830
First machine-made nails

5. Type-B Cut Nails Used from around 1820-1900
Made similarly to the Type-A nails

6. Wire Nails Still used today
Made from steel, not iron
Rapidly made by machine

7. Naming System Penny
Used everywhere by 1477 AD
Name was developed by determining how much 100 nails would cost.
Example: 100 3-1/2” nails could be purchased for 16 pence (pennies)
The letter “d” was later used to represent penny.

8. History of the Screw The philosopher Archytas is said to have invented the screw.
The first screws became common around the 1st century BC
Metal screws and nuts were not invented until around the 15th century.
The slot headed screw was the first screw to be used
Worked well but was troublesome for power drivers

9. History of the Screw The Phillips head screw was invented in the early 1930s by Henry F. Phillips.
The Robertson screw was invented in Canada by P.L. Robertson in 1908.
Also known as the square-drive screw.

10. Nail Selection Common
Has a flat head
Can have a smooth or spiral shank
Has a diamond point
Can be made out of mild steel, stainless steel, or copper and silicon bronze.
Has a bright finish
4-14 inches long

11. Nail Selection Box
Has a flat or large flat head
Can have a smooth, ringed, or spiral shank
Has a diamond point
Can be made of aluminum, mild steel, or stainless steel
Can have a bright, phoscoated, or electro galvanized finish
¾ to 5 inches long

12. Nail Selection Finishing
Has a finishing head
Has a smooth or spiral shank
Has a diamond point
Made of mild steel
Can have a bright or blued finish
1 to 4 inches long

13. Nail Selection Concrete
Has a flat counter-sink head
Has a spiral shank
Can have a conical, blunt diamond, or diamond point
Made of high carbon steel
Has a heat treated finish
½ to 3 inches long

14. Nail Selection Gypsum Wallboard
Has a gypsum wallboard or flat head
Can have a smooth, spiral, or ringed shank
Can have a diamond or long diamond point
Made of mild steel
Can have a bright, blued, or electro galvanized finish
1-1/8 to 2 inches long

15. Nail Selection Roofing
Has a large flat or flat head
Has a smooth shank
Has a diamond point
Made of aluminum or mild steel
Can have a bright or hot-dip galvanized finish
¾ to 2 inches long

17. Screw selection (Head shapes) Flat
For countersinking flush with or below the surface
Oval
For partial countersinking
Pan
Recommended to replace round headed screws, for use with washer or thin side pieces

18. Screw selection (Drive Shapes) Slot
Common use
Phillips and Pozidrive
To minimize screwdriver slipout
Square recess
To minimize screwdriver slipout
Hex-drive
For use with a driver bit

19. Screw selection (Shanks) Double lead
For faster turning, requires greater torque
Single lead
For shorter screws (less than 1”)
Tapping
For better penetration; higher strength; designed for sheet metal but can be used on wood.

20. Screw Selection (Points) Gimlet
For wood and some tapping screws
Blunt
For some tapping screws
Self-tapping
For use on metal, has bit on end to drill pilot hole.

21. Lag Screws Used in place of bolts where nut location would be inaccessible
Sometimes used for split ring and shear plate joints
Size: ¼ to 1 inch

22. Show What You Know Screw Selection Flat
Double lead
Pan
Tapping
Phillips
Hex-Drive
Self-Tapping
Lag Faster turning
Minimize screwdriver slip-up
Use with driver bit
Used in place of bolts
Use on sheet metal/wood
Countersinking
Has bit on end to drill pilot hole
Use with washer or thin side pieces