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The concept of diaspora, which contains the idea of an individual transformation of the migrant, is understood as a community building project in a transnational perspective, undertook by a group of people who have fled their country of origin and who choose abroad to resuscitate their ethno-national roots. Beyond diaspora, three other notions intervene in that process: communautarism which follows the migration, integration into the host society which is tightly related to any transnational project and cosmopolitism as an unexpected result. This work would like to apply this diasporisation scheme to the Chechen communities in exile since the end of the 90s. After a detailed analysis on the destructive effects of the two Chechen wars in 1994 and in 1999 (chapters 1 and 2), which provoke the departure of several dozens of thousands Chechen refugees and internal displaced persons, the thesis focuses on the genealogy of the Chechen diaspora in Europe, in Turkey, in Russia and in the South Caucasus. It tackles successively the migration routes (chapter 3), the host policy in some destination states, such as Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey, whose relations with Russia may have been determining (chapter 4) and the emergence of protodiasporic structures (chapter 5). Then, taking into account the social and political failure of those first organisations, the research ends with the study of the new realities of the Chechen diaspora in formation, that is in particular its transnational perspectives as they constitute at the end of 2007.

The concept of diaspora, which contains the idea of an individual transformation of the migrant, is understood as a community building project in a transnational perspective, undertook by a group of people who have fled their country of origin and who choose abroad to resuscitate their ethno-national roots. Beyond diaspora, three other notions intervene in that process: communautarism which follows the migration, integration into the host society which is tightly related to any transnational project and cosmopolitism as an unexpected result. This work would like to apply this diasporisation scheme to the Chechen communities in exile since the end of the 90s. After a detailed analysis on the destructive effects of the two Chechen wars in 1994 and in 1999 (chapters 1 and 2), which provoke the departure of several dozens of thousands Chechen refugees and internal displaced persons, the thesis focuses on the genealogy of the Chechen diaspora in Europe, in Turkey, in Russia and in the South Caucasus. It tackles successively the migration routes (chapter 3), the host policy in some destination states, such as Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey, whose relations with Russia may have been determining (chapter 4) and the emergence of protodiasporic structures (chapter 5). Then, taking into account the social and political failure of those first organisations, the research ends with the study of the new realities of the Chechen diaspora in formation, that is in particular its transnational perspectives as they constitute at the end of 2007.