Adaptations

inaccuracies lead to the deviation of operational space trajectory provided by the kinematic
mapping.
One method to deal with this issue can be found in an adaptive control. Xu and Gu
proposed an adaptive control scheme for space robots in both joint space and operational
space [Xu et al., 1992, Gu & Xu, 1993]. However, the adaptive control proposed in [Xu et al.,
1992] requires perfect attitude control and the adaptive control in [Gu & Xu, 1993] is
developed based on an under-actuated system on the assumption that the acceleration of the
base-satellite is measurable.

A systematic and unified presentation of the fundamentals of adaptive control theory in both continuous time and discrete time
Today, adaptive control theory has grown to be a rigorous and mature discipline. As the advantages of adaptive systems for developing advanced applications grow apparent, adaptive control is becoming more popular in many fields of engineering and science. Using a simple, balanced, and harmonious style, this book provides a convenient introduction to the subject and improves one's understanding of adaptive control theory....

The areas of adaptive filtering and change (fault) detection are quite active
fields. both in research and applications . Some central keywords of the book
are listed in Table 1.1, and the figures. illustrated in Figure 1.1, give an idea
of the relative activity in the different areas . For comparison. the two related
and well established areas of adaptive control and system identification are
included in the table

The noise is here assumed white with variance X, and will sometimes be restricted
to be Gaussian. The last expression is in a polynomial form, whereas
G, H are filters. Time-variability is modeled by time-varying parameters Bt.
The adaptive filtering problem is to estimate these parametersb y an adaptive
filter,

In this chapter, the conceptof Adaptive Quadrature AmplitudeModulation (AQAM) is introduced, whereby the modulation mode is adapted at the transmitter on a burst by burst basis. This adaptation is implemented based on thereceiver’s perceived channel qualityand its main BER. motivation is to maximise the transmission throughput at a given target In our investigations AQAM is initially applied in a narrow-band environment in conjunction with power control, where the transmitted power is only varied near the modem mode switching thresholds of the AQAM scheme.

Adaptive filtering can be used to characterize unknown systems in time-variant environments. The main objective of this approach is to meet a difficult comprise: maximum convergence speed with maximum accuracy. Each application requires a certain approach which determines the filter structure, the cost function to minimize the estimation error, the adaptive algorithm, and other parameters; and each selection involves certain cost in computational terms, that in any case should consume less time than the time required by the application working in real-time....

In recent years the concept of intelligent multi-mode, multimedia transceivers (IMMT) has emerged in the context of wireless systems [l-61. The range of various existing solutions that have found favour in already operational standard systems was summarised in the excellent overview by Nanda et al. [3].

Mobile communications channelstypically exhibit time-variant channel quality fluctuations [ 131 and hence conventional fixed-mode modems suffer from bursts of transmission errors, even if the system was designed to provide a high link margin. As argued throughout this monograph, an efficient approach of mitigating these detrimental effects is to adaptively adjust the transmission format based on the near-instantaneous channel quality information perceived by the receiver, which is fed back to the transmitter with the aid of a feedback channel [ 151....

Thesis paper International Marketing: Product standardization strategy and product adaptation strategy offer some recommendations for Vietnamese company to consider when doing launching their products abroad and performing International Marketing.

Today there are many services which provide information over the phone using
a prerecorded or synthesized voice. These voices are invariant in speed. Humans giving information over the telephone, however, tend to adapt the speed of their presentation to suit the needs of the listener. This paper presents a preliminary model of this adaptation. In a corpus of simulated directory assistance dialogs the operator’s speed in number-giving correlates with the speed of the user’s initial response and with the user’s speaking rate.

In Chapter 2 the equalizers operated under the assumption of perfect channel estimation, where the receiver always had perfect knowledge of the CIR. However, the CIR is typically time variant and consequently the receiver has to estimate the CIR or the coefficients of the equalizer, in order to compensate the IS1 induced by the channel. for Algorithms have been developed in order to automatically adapt the coefficients of the equalizer directly [ l 181 or by utilizing the estimated CIR [124,125]....

In the previous chapter, introduced the joint Adaptive Quadrature Amplitude Modulation we (AQAM) and equalization scheme, where the pseudo-SNR outputof the DFE was used at the as the modulation mode switching metric in order to mitigate the effectsa wideband fading of AQAM scheme is extended to incorporate benefits the channel. In this chapter, the wideband of channel coding.

RBF-Equalized Adaptive Modulation
Having considered the concepts of RBF-assisted channel equalization in Chapter 8, we are now ready to amalgamate these concepts with the AQAM philosophy detailed in Part I of the book. Although it is advantageous for the reader to consult Part I of the book, before delving into Part I1 dedicated to RBF-assisted arrangements, there is sufficient background information in this part of the book for the reader to be able to dispense with reading Part I.

Advances in adaptive optics technology and applications move forward at a rapid pace. The basic idea of wavefront compensation in real-time has been around since the mid 1970s. The first widely used application of adaptive optics was for compensating atmospheric turbulence effects in astronomical imaging and laser beam propagation. While some topics have been researched and reported for years, even decades, new applications and advances in the supporting technologies occur almost daily.

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This paper presents an analysis of the benefits of climate change adaptation from small and medium scale hydropower plants in Lao Cai Province. Lao Cai is a mountainous province with high hydropower potential. Totally 116 small and medium hydropower projects in different stages of development have been identified with installed capacities ranging from 0.9 MW to 60 MW. Based on the results of statistic downscaling, four climate change scenarios were developed for the Lao Cai province area.