Pressure to reduce carbon emissions is putting the future of fossil fuel giants in jeopardy. Their survival plans involve carbon storage and floating wind farms. Meanwhile, one small German village is showing how large companies aren't always essential.
Click here to subscribe to The Economist on YouTube: http://econ.trib.al/rWl91R7
Over 80% of the world's energy needs are provided by coal, oil and gas. Although technologies to extract fossil fuels may have changed over the decades, the core products themselves have never been challenged. Until now.
Pressure to reduce carbon emissions is putting the future of fossil fuel giants in jeopardy. Encouraging the growth of alternative methods to generate and distribute power.
In just eight years, the value of the world's biggest power companies has halved. Leaving industry giants scrambling to redefine their role in this new energy world. Across the world, old industries are facing disruption on an unprecedented scale. The pressure to adapt has never been greater.
Known as the Paris Accord, 195 countries agreed to a legally binding climate deal to reduce carbon emissions. This 5 trillion dollar industry may be facing a seismic shift but that doesn't mean it's ready to ditch the dirty fossil fuels that made it rich. Instead, many companies are banking on new methods to clean up an old process. Norwegian oil and gas giant, Statoil, struck it rich in the North Sea in the late 1960s. Over four decades later, at its Sleipner gas rig, the company is attempting to make fossil fuel production cleaner.
Statoil's business still relies on the harmful burning of fossil fuels by its customers but at least the company is trying to reduce its own carbon footprint. It's transformed some of its offshore rigs with technology that enables engineers to separate the carbon dioxide and pump it underground. Statoil's Sleipner gas rig is the world's first offshore carbon capture storage plant.
Each year, Statoil stores 1 million tonnes of CO2 making extraction less carbon intensive. They believe that prioritising gas over more harmful fossil fuels will further reduce global warming and keep them relevant for decades to come.
Wind and solar are cleaner but depend on subsidies. To take on the consistency of fossil fuels they face a huge challenge - The unpredictable weather. In Bavaria, a tiny village has used those subsidies to take up the challenge. This community believes it's found a way to produce a steady energy supply just from renewable sources, raising the real prospect of a future free from fossil fuels. Norbert and Kristina Bechteler's family farm has been providing the local community with dairy products for over 200 years but they now have a new income from solar energy.
Producing your own energy with solar panels isn't revolutionary but in this village, they're combining solar with other renewables in an attempt to achieve the Holy Grail of a steady energy supply. And they're prepared to use anything to do it. The Deputy Mayor has helped drive the village's pioneering efforts to make renewable energy a realistic option.
There's one renewable that never disappears as it can be sourced from the decay of virtually any organic matter and it's called biogas. Of the four biogas plants in the village, Farmer Einsiedler runs the largest. Combining these different sources has been so successful the village now generates five times more energy than it needs. But that is just part of the challenge of turning renewables into a credible energy supply.
The Disrupters is an original series exploring how major industries – from music and cars to hospitality – are currently being disrupted by the latest wave of digital innovation. As well as enjoying privileged access into the world biggest tech start ups we show how industry giants respond when faced with such tech-driven innovation - do they adapt - or die?
Check out Economist Films: http://films.economist.com/
Check out The Economist’s full video catalogue: http://econ.st/20IehQk
Like The Economist on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TheEconomist/
Follow The Economist on Twitter: https://twitter.com/theeconomist
Read our Tumblr: http://theeconomist.tumblr.com/
Follow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/theeconomist/
Check out our Pinterest: https://uk.pinterest.com/theeconomist/
Follow us on LINE: http://econ.st/1WXkOo6

published:20 Sep 2016

views:349529

- Like our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oilvips -
Oil and gas are generated from a source rock, organic matter buried in the depths of the earth. Once formed, they climb back towards the surface. On their way, cap rocks can impede their progress and they accumulate in reservoir rocks. Here they constitute hydrocarbon fields, which can be identified by interpreting seismic data (a sort of echography).
The data is obtained with the help of a seismic ship. To confirm the interpretations of seismic data, two types of drilling gear exist. Each is adapted to a range of depth of water (down to more than 2500 meters). The platform seen here is a semi-submersible, which floats and retains its stabilised position by means of anchors fixed on the seabed.
Platforms at sea are used not only for drilling but also for the production of hydrocarbons. This production consists of the separation of oil, gas and water, before the oil and gas is taken by pipeline towards a mainland terminal. Where it is impossible or too expensive to link the field to the coast by a pipeline, an FPSO ship is used (Floating Production Storage and Offloading barge). Onboard, the hydrocarbons and the water are separated. The oil is stored prior to being loaded on tankers and the gas is re-injected into the reservoir rocks. Gas from a field is taken to land through an underground gasoduct to a processing plant.
There, if the gas is to be transported by sea, it is converted into liquid obtained by cooling it down to --163°C. When it arrives at the plant terminal, the liquid natural gas (LNG) is returned to its gaseous state in a re-gasification plant, before being introduced into the local gasoduct network. The LNG is stored in tanks before re-gasification. The crude oil is transported in a petroleum tanker, the capacity of which can attain 200 000 tons. It is commonly called a "super- tanker". The terminals capable of receiving such giants are few and far between. The ships used to transport the crude oil produced on an FPSO ship are of a much smaller capacity. The crude oil, before being refined, is stored in the port in the large capacity tanks.
The natural gas is preserved in reservoirs (artificial or natural). It is ready to be injected by pumping into the gasoduct network for industrial and domestic use or as fuel in power-generating stations. As far as the crude oil goes, it is transported by oleoduct to the refinery. There it undergoes a number of transformations and blending. A variety of finished products are obtained (LPG, petrol, kerosene, diesel ...), or naphtha, which will be used as the basis for the composition of plastic products by complex petroleum chemistry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Like our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oilvips
Twitter: https://twitter.com/oilvips
And Don't forget to subscribe to our channel

published:06 Mar 2014

views:339339

Oil 101 - A FREEIntroduction to the Oil and GasIndustry
I this first of 10 modules, we introduce the learner to some key fundamentals of the Upstream segment of the oil and gas industry.
The full Oil 101 course includes:
+Introduction to Upstream
+Introduction to Midstream
+Introduction to Downstream
+Introduction to Exploration
+Introduction to Drilling
+Introduction to Production
+Introduction to Natural Gas
+Introduction to Refining
+Introduction to Supply and Trading
+Introduction to Petroleum Product Marketing
Learn More about Oil 101:
http://www.ektinteractive.com/
http://www.ektinteractive.com/oil-101/
So, What is Upstream?
Most oil and gas companies’ business structures are organized according to business segment, assets, or function.
The upstream segment of oil and gas is also known as exploration and production, or E&P because it encompasses activities related to searching for, recovering, and producing crude oil and natural gas.
Upstream is all about wells, where to locate them; how deep and how far to drill them; and how to design, construct, operate and manage them to deliver the greatest possible return on investment with the lightest, safest and smallest operational footprint.
In fact, the E&P sector should probably be called the EDP sector - because “you can’t find oil if you don’t drill wells.”
Exploration
Obtaining the Lease
Let’s start with exploration which involves the operator obtaining a lease and permission to drill from the owner of onshore or offshore acreage thought to contain oil or gas.
Then the operator must conduct geological and geophysical surveys to select the first well site to explore for, and hopefully find, economic accumulations of oil or gas.
This well is often called a “wildcat well.”
Drilling is physically creating the “borehole” in the ground that will eventually become a productive oil or gas well.
This work is typically done by rig contractors and service companies in the Oilfield Services business sector. On a wellsite, there can be as many as 30-40 different service contractors providing expertise to the operator.
Wells can be relatively simple or unbelievably complex. Wells can totally vertical for miles or both deep and horizontal.
There are also highly complex “J” and “S” configured wells with numerous branches, or laterals, emanating from the original, or “mother”, hole. These are called “deviated wells.”
Production
Finally, let’s discuss production, where reserves are “converted to cash” by maximizing the recovery of hydrocarbons from subsurface reservoirs. Essentially, production is efficiently bringing the hydrocarbons to the surface and treating them as needed to make them marketable.
So that’s the basics of E&P. We will drill deeper into each of these operations in the complete Oil 101 course at a later date. Now, let’s talk about unconventional resources, clearly the hottest topic in oil and gas over the last decade.
Unconventional Future of Oil and Gas
Unconventional resources are defined as any resource extracted, or produced, by any method other than the traditional vertical or slightly deviated well.
The three main sources of technological breakthroughs that have made unconventional developments profitable include:
Horizontal drillingHydraulic fracturing
Subsea engineering (especially deep water production)

published:04 Dec 2015

views:67184

Watch the next video to learn more about the science of algae fuel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ExOXF1x3N1g
Subscribe! https://www.youtube.com/c/seekerstories?sub_confirmation=1
Join the Seeker community!
Twitter: https://twitter.com/SeekerNetwork
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Seeker-Network/872690716088418?ref=hl
Instagram: http://instagram.com/seekernetwork
Tumblr: http://seekernetwork.tumblr.com
App - iOS http://seekernetwork.com/ios
App - Android http://seekernetwork.com/android
Great strides have been made in recent years towards using renewable sources of energy, like electric vehicles, solar panels, wind energy and even algae. It might seem surprising, but algae is one of the most powerful sources of energy we have access to on Earth. When dried algae is ground into a powder and refined, oil can be extracted from it. The result is nearly identical to traditional gasoline, but with far more benefits.
Dave Hazlebeck, CEO of Global Algae Innovations, gave Seeker a tour of his algae farm in Kauai, Hawaii, and explained how his company is revolutionizing sustainable energy. "The fuel that we're producing is exactly the same in terms of performance as gasoline or diesel or jet, it's just a lot cleaner. I think the big difference is that [with] all the other biofuels, you're growing it and you're just getting biofuel. In this case, for every gallon of biofuel you get 10 pounds of food with it," Hazlebeck said.
Hazlebeck believes his company is on the path to completely change the way we currently produce both oil and food. Not only can algae create biofuel, it can also be used to create animal feed. Currently, most animal and fish feed is made from corn or soy, which both use more water and energy to grow than algae.
"There's studies that show with algae grown to replace animal feed, you could actually solve global warming to a large extent," Hazlebeck told Seeker.
Algae can be used to create food for humans as well. New Wave Foods in Northern California created fake shrimp made from algae and other plants that actually looks, smells and even tastes like real shrimp. Because it's made from algae, the shrimp substitute also has the added benefit of being low in fat and extremely rich in nutrients, something that corn and soy are severely lacking.
Growing algae for oil and food could also significantly reduce deforestation. According to Scientific American, the yields from algae are far more significant than crops like corn or soy. If all the fuel in the country was replaced with biofuel from corn, we would need a facility three times the size of the continental U.S. to produce it. But for algae, we would need a facility the size of Maryland. Additionally, algae can produce 40 times more food per acre than traditional crops.
While showing the Seeker team around GAI's Hawaii facility, Hazlebeck explained that the algae farm is next to a power plant, which puts it in a very unique position. "[It] allows us to capture carbon dioxide and avoid that discharge and reuse it, and that prevents it from going into the atmosphere and causing global warming," he said. "If every power plant had an algae farm next to it, it could potentially solve the global warming issue entirely."
The environmental benefits of algae are impressive, and because algae can grow in both freshwater and seawater, it's also very easy to produce. So, does that mean we'll all be filling our cars with algae gas at the pumps very soon?
Not just yet. Hazlebeck and his team have run into a few setbacks since they began scaling up their operations. The most prohibitive issue has been the cost.
When Global Algae Innovations began, a gallon of oil produced from algae was about $30 a gallon -- 10 times higher than it needs to be to work as a viable alternative to fossil fuel. But Hazlebeck and his team didn't give up, and they've continued to come up with solutions to decrease the cost. As of now, they almost have algae oil down to only $2 - $3 a gallon.
Once GAI can get their algae production up to scale, Hazlebeck believes it will change the geopolitics of the world. "A lot of the reasons we have wars are because of fights over resources or the need for more resources. By creating a more equitable distribution with countries being able to make their own, it should lead to a more stable and peaceful world," he told Seeker.
That's really the point of it all for Hazlebeck and GAI. They don't want to be the only company doing this; they want everyone working together because they truly believe using algae as a fuel and food source will change the world.
Executive Producer: Laura LingProducers: Paige Keipper (Hansen), Conor Spicer
Cinematographers: Matthew Piniol Spencer Snider
Editor: Lee Mould

Learn the basics about the uses of crude oil fractions. Before watching this video you should watch our video explaining how crude oil is separated into it's different length hydrocarbon fractions by utilising the different boiling points of each hydrocarbon fraction.
At FuseSchool, teachers and animators come together to make fun & easy-to-understand videos in Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Maths & ICT. Our OER are available free of charge to anyone. Make sure to subscribe - we are going to create 3000 more!
Fuse School is currently running the Chemistry Journey project - a Chemistry Education project by The Fuse School sponsored by Fuse. These videos can be used in a flipped classroom model or as a revision aid. Find our other Chemistry videos here:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLW0gavSzhMlReKGMVfUt6YuNQsO0bqSMV
Be sure to follow our social media for the latest videos and information!
Twitter: https://twitter.com/fuseschool
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/fuseschool
Google+: http://www.gplus.to/FuseSchool
Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/virtualschooluk
Email: info@fuseschool.org
Website: www.fuseschool.org
This video is distributed under a Creative Commons License:
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs CC BY-NC-ND

published:17 Oct 2013

views:453590

There are more than one billion cars on the road worldwide today, and only one tenth of one percent of them have a plug. OPEC contends that even in the year 2040, EVs will make up just one percent. But don't be so sure. By 2020, some electric cars and SUVs will be faster, safer, cheaper, and more convenient than their gasoline counterparts. What if people just stop buying oil? In the first episode of our animated series, Sooner Than You Think, Bloomberg's Tom Randall does the math on when oil markets might be headed for the big crash.
----------
Like this video? Subscribe to Bloomberg on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/Bloomberg?sub_confirmation=1
Bloomberg is the FirstWord in business news, delivering breaking news & analysis, up-to-the-minute market data, features, profiles and more: http://www.bloomberg.com
Connect with us on...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/business
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/bloombergbusiness
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/bloombergbusiness/

published:24 Feb 2016

views:614870

Greenpeace's Charlie Kronick says companies are providing investors with flawed assessments about the development of green technologies and possibly of government intervention in climate change
Visithttp://therealnews.com for more stories and help support our work by donating at http://therealnews.com/donate.

published:31 Mar 2017

views:2495

To do business with Shell, WMBEs must understand how the oil and gas supply chain works. Supplier Diversity Manager Debra Stewart tells you everything you need to know. Visit twicemediaproductions.com/shell to watch more videos.

published:14 Mar 2016

views:9968

See how GE is fueling the future, as oil and gas both continue to play a critical role in the energy industry.
GE has been the industry leader for over 120 years. As the world’s first digital industrial company, we work to master some of the most complex challenges. Through partnership with our customers and access to the best of GE, we help reduce equipment downtime, optimize assets and build new business models; using the best minds and the best machines.
We areGE Oil & Gas. We fuel the future.
Find out more about us at https://www.geoilandgas.com/.

An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful petroleum products, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas. Oil refineries are typically large sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units. In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can be thought of as types of chemical plants. The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot (tank farm) at or near an oil refinery for storage of bulk liquid products.

Throughout history, coal has been used as an energy resource, primarily burned for the production of electricity and/or heat, and is also used for industrial purposes, such as refining metals. A fossil fuel, coal forms when dead plant matter is converted into peat, which in turn is converted into lignite, then sub-bituminous coal, after that bituminous coal, and lastly anthracite. This involves biological and geological processes that take place over a long period. The United States Energy Information Administration estimates coal reserves at 7011948000000000000♠948×109short tons (860 Gt). One estimate for resources is 18,000 Gt.

The Economist

The Economist is an English language weekly newspaper owned by the Economist Group and edited in offices based in London. Continuous publication began under founder James Wilson in September 1843. For historical reasons, The Economist refers to itself as a newspaper, but each print edition appears on small glossy paper like a news magazine. In 2006, its average weekly circulation was reported to be 1.5 million, about half of which were sold in the United States.

The publication belongs to The Economist Group. It is 50% owned by private investors and 50% by Exor, the Agnelli holding company, and the Rothschild banking family of England. Exor and the Rothschilds are represented on the Board of Directors. A board of trustees formally appoints the editor, who cannot be removed without its permission. Although The Economist has a global emphasis and scope, about two-thirds of the 75 staff journalists are based in the City of Westminster, London. As of March 2014, the Economist Group declared operating profit of £59m. Previous major shareholders include Pearson PLC.

Petroleum

Petroleum (L.petroleum, from early 15c. "petroleum, rock oil" (mid-14c. in Anglo-French), from Medieval Latin petroleum, from Latin:petra: "rock" + oleum: "oil".) is a naturally occurring, yellow-to-black liquid found in geological formations beneath the Earth's surface, which is commonly refined into various types of fuels.

Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling (natural petroleum springs are rare). This comes after the studies of structural geology (at the reservoir scale), sedimentary basin analysis, reservoir characterization (mainly in terms of the porosity and permeability of geologic reservoir structures). It is refined and separated, most easily by distillation, into a large number of consumer products, from gasoline (petrol) and kerosene to asphalt and chemical reagents used to make plastics and pharmaceuticals. Petroleum is used in manufacturing a wide variety of materials, and it is estimated that the world consumes about 90 million barrels each day.

Oil and gas companies are facing major technological disruption

Pressure to reduce carbon emissions is putting the future of fossil fuel giants in jeopardy. Their survival plans involve carbon storage and floating wind farms. Meanwhile, one small German village is showing how large companies aren't always essential.
Click here to subscribe to The Economist on YouTube: http://econ.trib.al/rWl91R7
Over 80% of the world's energy needs are provided by coal, oil and gas. Although technologies to extract fossil fuels may have changed over the decades, the core products themselves have never been challenged. Until now.
Pressure to reduce carbon emissions is putting the future of fossil fuel giants in jeopardy. Encouraging the growth of alternative methods to generate and distribute power.
In just eight years, the value of the world's biggest power companies has halved. Leaving industry giants scrambling to redefine their role in this new energy world. Across the world, old industries are facing disruption on an unprecedented scale. The pressure to adapt has never been greater.
Known as the Paris Accord, 195 countries agreed to a legally binding climate deal to reduce carbon emissions. This 5 trillion dollar industry may be facing a seismic shift but that doesn't mean it's ready to ditch the dirty fossil fuels that made it rich. Instead, many companies are banking on new methods to clean up an old process. Norwegian oil and gas giant, Statoil, struck it rich in the North Sea in the late 1960s. Over four decades later, at its Sleipner gas rig, the company is attempting to make fossil fuel production cleaner.
Statoil's business still relies on the harmful burning of fossil fuels by its customers but at least the company is trying to reduce its own carbon footprint. It's transformed some of its offshore rigs with technology that enables engineers to separate the carbon dioxide and pump it underground. Statoil's Sleipner gas rig is the world's first offshore carbon capture storage plant.
Each year, Statoil stores 1 million tonnes of CO2 making extraction less carbon intensive. They believe that prioritising gas over more harmful fossil fuels will further reduce global warming and keep them relevant for decades to come.
Wind and solar are cleaner but depend on subsidies. To take on the consistency of fossil fuels they face a huge challenge - The unpredictable weather. In Bavaria, a tiny village has used those subsidies to take up the challenge. This community believes it's found a way to produce a steady energy supply just from renewable sources, raising the real prospect of a future free from fossil fuels. Norbert and Kristina Bechteler's family farm has been providing the local community with dairy products for over 200 years but they now have a new income from solar energy.
Producing your own energy with solar panels isn't revolutionary but in this village, they're combining solar with other renewables in an attempt to achieve the Holy Grail of a steady energy supply. And they're prepared to use anything to do it. The Deputy Mayor has helped drive the village's pioneering efforts to make renewable energy a realistic option.
There's one renewable that never disappears as it can be sourced from the decay of virtually any organic matter and it's called biogas. Of the four biogas plants in the village, Farmer Einsiedler runs the largest. Combining these different sources has been so successful the village now generates five times more energy than it needs. But that is just part of the challenge of turning renewables into a credible energy supply.
The Disrupters is an original series exploring how major industries – from music and cars to hospitality – are currently being disrupted by the latest wave of digital innovation. As well as enjoying privileged access into the world biggest tech start ups we show how industry giants respond when faced with such tech-driven innovation - do they adapt - or die?
Check out Economist Films: http://films.economist.com/
Check out The Economist’s full video catalogue: http://econ.st/20IehQk
Like The Economist on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TheEconomist/
Follow The Economist on Twitter: https://twitter.com/theeconomist
Read our Tumblr: http://theeconomist.tumblr.com/
Follow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/theeconomist/
Check out our Pinterest: https://uk.pinterest.com/theeconomist/
Follow us on LINE: http://econ.st/1WXkOo6

3:33

Learn Oil and Gas with Animations

Learn Oil and Gas with Animations

Learn Oil and Gas with Animations

- Like our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oilvips -
Oil and gas are generated from a source rock, organic matter buried in the depths of the earth. Once formed, they climb back towards the surface. On their way, cap rocks can impede their progress and they accumulate in reservoir rocks. Here they constitute hydrocarbon fields, which can be identified by interpreting seismic data (a sort of echography).
The data is obtained with the help of a seismic ship. To confirm the interpretations of seismic data, two types of drilling gear exist. Each is adapted to a range of depth of water (down to more than 2500 meters). The platform seen here is a semi-submersible, which floats and retains its stabilised position by means of anchors fixed on the seabed.
Platforms at sea are used not only for drilling but also for the production of hydrocarbons. This production consists of the separation of oil, gas and water, before the oil and gas is taken by pipeline towards a mainland terminal. Where it is impossible or too expensive to link the field to the coast by a pipeline, an FPSO ship is used (Floating Production Storage and Offloading barge). Onboard, the hydrocarbons and the water are separated. The oil is stored prior to being loaded on tankers and the gas is re-injected into the reservoir rocks. Gas from a field is taken to land through an underground gasoduct to a processing plant.
There, if the gas is to be transported by sea, it is converted into liquid obtained by cooling it down to --163°C. When it arrives at the plant terminal, the liquid natural gas (LNG) is returned to its gaseous state in a re-gasification plant, before being introduced into the local gasoduct network. The LNG is stored in tanks before re-gasification. The crude oil is transported in a petroleum tanker, the capacity of which can attain 200 000 tons. It is commonly called a "super- tanker". The terminals capable of receiving such giants are few and far between. The ships used to transport the crude oil produced on an FPSO ship are of a much smaller capacity. The crude oil, before being refined, is stored in the port in the large capacity tanks.
The natural gas is preserved in reservoirs (artificial or natural). It is ready to be injected by pumping into the gasoduct network for industrial and domestic use or as fuel in power-generating stations. As far as the crude oil goes, it is transported by oleoduct to the refinery. There it undergoes a number of transformations and blending. A variety of finished products are obtained (LPG, petrol, kerosene, diesel ...), or naphtha, which will be used as the basis for the composition of plastic products by complex petroleum chemistry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Like our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oilvips
Twitter: https://twitter.com/oilvips
And Don't forget to subscribe to our channel

9:23

Fundamentals of Upstream Oil and Gas

Fundamentals of Upstream Oil and Gas

Fundamentals of Upstream Oil and Gas

Oil 101 - A FREEIntroduction to the Oil and GasIndustry
I this first of 10 modules, we introduce the learner to some key fundamentals of the Upstream segment of the oil and gas industry.
The full Oil 101 course includes:
+Introduction to Upstream
+Introduction to Midstream
+Introduction to Downstream
+Introduction to Exploration
+Introduction to Drilling
+Introduction to Production
+Introduction to Natural Gas
+Introduction to Refining
+Introduction to Supply and Trading
+Introduction to Petroleum Product Marketing
Learn More about Oil 101:
http://www.ektinteractive.com/
http://www.ektinteractive.com/oil-101/
So, What is Upstream?
Most oil and gas companies’ business structures are organized according to business segment, assets, or function.
The upstream segment of oil and gas is also known as exploration and production, or E&P because it encompasses activities related to searching for, recovering, and producing crude oil and natural gas.
Upstream is all about wells, where to locate them; how deep and how far to drill them; and how to design, construct, operate and manage them to deliver the greatest possible return on investment with the lightest, safest and smallest operational footprint.
In fact, the E&P sector should probably be called the EDP sector - because “you can’t find oil if you don’t drill wells.”
Exploration
Obtaining the Lease
Let’s start with exploration which involves the operator obtaining a lease and permission to drill from the owner of onshore or offshore acreage thought to contain oil or gas.
Then the operator must conduct geological and geophysical surveys to select the first well site to explore for, and hopefully find, economic accumulations of oil or gas.
This well is often called a “wildcat well.”
Drilling is physically creating the “borehole” in the ground that will eventually become a productive oil or gas well.
This work is typically done by rig contractors and service companies in the Oilfield Services business sector. On a wellsite, there can be as many as 30-40 different service contractors providing expertise to the operator.
Wells can be relatively simple or unbelievably complex. Wells can totally vertical for miles or both deep and horizontal.
There are also highly complex “J” and “S” configured wells with numerous branches, or laterals, emanating from the original, or “mother”, hole. These are called “deviated wells.”
Production
Finally, let’s discuss production, where reserves are “converted to cash” by maximizing the recovery of hydrocarbons from subsurface reservoirs. Essentially, production is efficiently bringing the hydrocarbons to the surface and treating them as needed to make them marketable.
So that’s the basics of E&P. We will drill deeper into each of these operations in the complete Oil 101 course at a later date. Now, let’s talk about unconventional resources, clearly the hottest topic in oil and gas over the last decade.
Unconventional Future of Oil and Gas
Unconventional resources are defined as any resource extracted, or produced, by any method other than the traditional vertical or slightly deviated well.
The three main sources of technological breakthroughs that have made unconventional developments profitable include:
Horizontal drillingHydraulic fracturing
Subsea engineering (especially deep water production)

5:12

How Algae Could Change The Fossil Fuel Industry

How Algae Could Change The Fossil Fuel Industry

How Algae Could Change The Fossil Fuel Industry

Watch the next video to learn more about the science of algae fuel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ExOXF1x3N1g
Subscribe! https://www.youtube.com/c/seekerstories?sub_confirmation=1
Join the Seeker community!
Twitter: https://twitter.com/SeekerNetwork
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Seeker-Network/872690716088418?ref=hl
Instagram: http://instagram.com/seekernetwork
Tumblr: http://seekernetwork.tumblr.com
App - iOS http://seekernetwork.com/ios
App - Android http://seekernetwork.com/android
Great strides have been made in recent years towards using renewable sources of energy, like electric vehicles, solar panels, wind energy and even algae. It might seem surprising, but algae is one of the most powerful sources of energy we have access to on Earth. When dried algae is ground into a powder and refined, oil can be extracted from it. The result is nearly identical to traditional gasoline, but with far more benefits.
Dave Hazlebeck, CEO of Global Algae Innovations, gave Seeker a tour of his algae farm in Kauai, Hawaii, and explained how his company is revolutionizing sustainable energy. "The fuel that we're producing is exactly the same in terms of performance as gasoline or diesel or jet, it's just a lot cleaner. I think the big difference is that [with] all the other biofuels, you're growing it and you're just getting biofuel. In this case, for every gallon of biofuel you get 10 pounds of food with it," Hazlebeck said.
Hazlebeck believes his company is on the path to completely change the way we currently produce both oil and food. Not only can algae create biofuel, it can also be used to create animal feed. Currently, most animal and fish feed is made from corn or soy, which both use more water and energy to grow than algae.
"There's studies that show with algae grown to replace animal feed, you could actually solve global warming to a large extent," Hazlebeck told Seeker.
Algae can be used to create food for humans as well. New Wave Foods in Northern California created fake shrimp made from algae and other plants that actually looks, smells and even tastes like real shrimp. Because it's made from algae, the shrimp substitute also has the added benefit of being low in fat and extremely rich in nutrients, something that corn and soy are severely lacking.
Growing algae for oil and food could also significantly reduce deforestation. According to Scientific American, the yields from algae are far more significant than crops like corn or soy. If all the fuel in the country was replaced with biofuel from corn, we would need a facility three times the size of the continental U.S. to produce it. But for algae, we would need a facility the size of Maryland. Additionally, algae can produce 40 times more food per acre than traditional crops.
While showing the Seeker team around GAI's Hawaii facility, Hazlebeck explained that the algae farm is next to a power plant, which puts it in a very unique position. "[It] allows us to capture carbon dioxide and avoid that discharge and reuse it, and that prevents it from going into the atmosphere and causing global warming," he said. "If every power plant had an algae farm next to it, it could potentially solve the global warming issue entirely."
The environmental benefits of algae are impressive, and because algae can grow in both freshwater and seawater, it's also very easy to produce. So, does that mean we'll all be filling our cars with algae gas at the pumps very soon?
Not just yet. Hazlebeck and his team have run into a few setbacks since they began scaling up their operations. The most prohibitive issue has been the cost.
When Global Algae Innovations began, a gallon of oil produced from algae was about $30 a gallon -- 10 times higher than it needs to be to work as a viable alternative to fossil fuel. But Hazlebeck and his team didn't give up, and they've continued to come up with solutions to decrease the cost. As of now, they almost have algae oil down to only $2 - $3 a gallon.
Once GAI can get their algae production up to scale, Hazlebeck believes it will change the geopolitics of the world. "A lot of the reasons we have wars are because of fights over resources or the need for more resources. By creating a more equitable distribution with countries being able to make their own, it should lead to a more stable and peaceful world," he told Seeker.
That's really the point of it all for Hazlebeck and GAI. They don't want to be the only company doing this; they want everyone working together because they truly believe using algae as a fuel and food source will change the world.
Executive Producer: Laura LingProducers: Paige Keipper (Hansen), Conor Spicer
Cinematographers: Matthew Piniol Spencer Snider
Editor: Lee Mould

How petroleum exploration and refining process

Crude Oil Fractions and their uses | The Chemistry Journey | The Fuse School

Crude Oil Fractions and their uses | The Chemistry Journey | The Fuse School

Crude Oil Fractions and their uses | The Chemistry Journey | The Fuse School

Learn the basics about the uses of crude oil fractions. Before watching this video you should watch our video explaining how crude oil is separated into it's different length hydrocarbon fractions by utilising the different boiling points of each hydrocarbon fraction.
At FuseSchool, teachers and animators come together to make fun & easy-to-understand videos in Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Maths & ICT. Our OER are available free of charge to anyone. Make sure to subscribe - we are going to create 3000 more!
Fuse School is currently running the Chemistry Journey project - a Chemistry Education project by The Fuse School sponsored by Fuse. These videos can be used in a flipped classroom model or as a revision aid. Find our other Chemistry videos here:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLW0gavSzhMlReKGMVfUt6YuNQsO0bqSMV
Be sure to follow our social media for the latest videos and information!
Twitter: https://twitter.com/fuseschool
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/fuseschool
Google+: http://www.gplus.to/FuseSchool
Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/virtualschooluk
Email: info@fuseschool.org
Website: www.fuseschool.org
This video is distributed under a Creative Commons License:
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs CC BY-NC-ND

3:40

Electric Cars Could Wreak Havoc on Oil Markets Within a Decade

Electric Cars Could Wreak Havoc on Oil Markets Within a Decade

Electric Cars Could Wreak Havoc on Oil Markets Within a Decade

There are more than one billion cars on the road worldwide today, and only one tenth of one percent of them have a plug. OPEC contends that even in the year 2040, EVs will make up just one percent. But don't be so sure. By 2020, some electric cars and SUVs will be faster, safer, cheaper, and more convenient than their gasoline counterparts. What if people just stop buying oil? In the first episode of our animated series, Sooner Than You Think, Bloomberg's Tom Randall does the math on when oil markets might be headed for the big crash.
----------
Like this video? Subscribe to Bloomberg on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/Bloomberg?sub_confirmation=1
Bloomberg is the FirstWord in business news, delivering breaking news & analysis, up-to-the-minute market data, features, profiles and more: http://www.bloomberg.com
Connect with us on...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/business
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/bloombergbusiness
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/bloombergbusiness/

Greenpeace's Charlie Kronick says companies are providing investors with flawed assessments about the development of green technologies and possibly of government intervention in climate change
Visithttp://therealnews.com for more stories and help support our work by donating at http://therealnews.com/donate.

40:10

Video: Understand the Oil & Gas Supply Chain

Video: Understand the Oil & Gas Supply Chain

Video: Understand the Oil & Gas Supply Chain

To do business with Shell, WMBEs must understand how the oil and gas supply chain works. Supplier Diversity Manager Debra Stewart tells you everything you need to know. Visit twicemediaproductions.com/shell to watch more videos.

1:14

We are GE Oil & Gas. We fuel the future.

We are GE Oil & Gas. We fuel the future.

We are GE Oil & Gas. We fuel the future.

See how GE is fueling the future, as oil and gas both continue to play a critical role in the energy industry.
GE has been the industry leader for over 120 years. As the world’s first digital industrial company, we work to master some of the most complex challenges. Through partnership with our customers and access to the best of GE, we help reduce equipment downtime, optimize assets and build new business models; using the best minds and the best machines.
We areGE Oil & Gas. We fuel the future.
Find out more about us at https://www.geoilandgas.com/.

Crude Oil Distillation Process Part 1

An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful petroleum products, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas. Oil refineries are typically large sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units. In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can be thought of as types of chemical plants. The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot (tank farm) at or near an oil refinery for storage of bulk liquid products.

3:21

How does an oil refinery work? How is crude oil transformed into everyday usable products?

How does an oil refinery work? How is crude oil transformed into everyday usable products?

How does an oil refinery work? How is crude oil transformed into everyday usable products?

The purpose of an oil refinery is to turn crude oil into products that are fit for end-use, in the quantities that are required by the market.
Watch our video and explore the animation to follow the transformation process, from crude oil to end product, and discover what makes European modern refineries truly competitive today.
http://www.fuelseurope.eu/

Oil and gas companies are facing major technological disruption

Pressure to reduce carbon emissions is putting the future of fossil fuel giants in jeopardy. Their survival plans involve carbon storage and floating wind farms. Meanwhile, one small German village is showing how large companies aren't always essential.
Click here to subscribe to The Economist on YouTube: http://econ.trib.al/rWl91R7
Over 80% of the world's energy needs are provided by coal, oil and gas. Although technologies to extract fossil fuels may have changed over the decades, the core products themselves have never been challenged. Until now.
Pressure to reduce carbon emissions is putting the future of fossil fuel giants in jeopardy. Encouraging the growth of alternative methods to generate and distribute power.
In just eight years, the value of the world's biggest power compa...

published: 20 Sep 2016

Learn Oil and Gas with Animations

- Like our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oilvips -
Oil and gas are generated from a source rock, organic matter buried in the depths of the earth. Once formed, they climb back towards the surface. On their way, cap rocks can impede their progress and they accumulate in reservoir rocks. Here they constitute hydrocarbon fields, which can be identified by interpreting seismic data (a sort of echography).
The data is obtained with the help of a seismic ship. To confirm the interpretations of seismic data, two types of drilling gear exist. Each is adapted to a range of depth of water (down to more than 2500 meters). The platform seen here is a semi-submersible, which floats and retains its stabilised position by means of anchors fixed on the seabed.
Platforms at sea are used not only f...

published: 06 Mar 2014

Fundamentals of Upstream Oil and Gas

Oil 101 - A FREEIntroduction to the Oil and GasIndustry
I this first of 10 modules, we introduce the learner to some key fundamentals of the Upstream segment of the oil and gas industry.
The full Oil 101 course includes:
+Introduction to Upstream
+Introduction to Midstream
+Introduction to Downstream
+Introduction to Exploration
+Introduction to Drilling
+Introduction to Production
+Introduction to Natural Gas
+Introduction to Refining
+Introduction to Supply and Trading
+Introduction to Petroleum Product Marketing
Learn More about Oil 101:
http://www.ektinteractive.com/
http://www.ektinteractive.com/oil-101/
So, What is Upstream?
Most oil and gas companies’ business structures are organized according to business segment, assets, or function.
The upstream segment of oil and gas i...

published: 04 Dec 2015

How Algae Could Change The Fossil Fuel Industry

Watch the next video to learn more about the science of algae fuel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ExOXF1x3N1g
Subscribe! https://www.youtube.com/c/seekerstories?sub_confirmation=1
Join the Seeker community!
Twitter: https://twitter.com/SeekerNetwork
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Seeker-Network/872690716088418?ref=hl
Instagram: http://instagram.com/seekernetwork
Tumblr: http://seekernetwork.tumblr.com
App - iOS http://seekernetwork.com/ios
App - Android http://seekernetwork.com/android
Great strides have been made in recent years towards using renewable sources of energy, like electric vehicles, solar panels, wind energy and even algae. It might seem surprising, but algae is one of the most powerful sources of energy we have access to on Earth. When dried algae is ground int...

How petroleum exploration and refining process

Crude Oil Fractions and their uses | The Chemistry Journey | The Fuse School

Learn the basics about the uses of crude oil fractions. Before watching this video you should watch our video explaining how crude oil is separated into it's different length hydrocarbon fractions by utilising the different boiling points of each hydrocarbon fraction.
At FuseSchool, teachers and animators come together to make fun & easy-to-understand videos in Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Maths & ICT. Our OER are available free of charge to anyone. Make sure to subscribe - we are going to create 3000 more!
Fuse School is currently running the Chemistry Journey project - a Chemistry Education project by The Fuse School sponsored by Fuse. These videos can be used in a flipped classroom model or as a revision aid. Find our other Chemistry videos here:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?l...

published: 17 Oct 2013

Electric Cars Could Wreak Havoc on Oil Markets Within a Decade

There are more than one billion cars on the road worldwide today, and only one tenth of one percent of them have a plug. OPEC contends that even in the year 2040, EVs will make up just one percent. But don't be so sure. By 2020, some electric cars and SUVs will be faster, safer, cheaper, and more convenient than their gasoline counterparts. What if people just stop buying oil? In the first episode of our animated series, Sooner Than You Think, Bloomberg's Tom Randall does the math on when oil markets might be headed for the big crash.
----------
Like this video? Subscribe to Bloomberg on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/Bloomberg?sub_confirmation=1
Bloomberg is the FirstWord in business news, delivering breaking news & analysis, up-to-the-minute market data, features, profiles and more...

Greenpeace's Charlie Kronick says companies are providing investors with flawed assessments about the development of green technologies and possibly of government intervention in climate change
Visithttp://therealnews.com for more stories and help support our work by donating at http://therealnews.com/donate.

published: 31 Mar 2017

Video: Understand the Oil & Gas Supply Chain

To do business with Shell, WMBEs must understand how the oil and gas supply chain works. Supplier Diversity Manager Debra Stewart tells you everything you need to know. Visit twicemediaproductions.com/shell to watch more videos.

published: 14 Mar 2016

We are GE Oil & Gas. We fuel the future.

See how GE is fueling the future, as oil and gas both continue to play a critical role in the energy industry.
GE has been the industry leader for over 120 years. As the world’s first digital industrial company, we work to master some of the most complex challenges. Through partnership with our customers and access to the best of GE, we help reduce equipment downtime, optimize assets and build new business models; using the best minds and the best machines.
We areGE Oil & Gas. We fuel the future.
Find out more about us at https://www.geoilandgas.com/.

Crude Oil Distillation Process Part 1

An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful petroleum products, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas. Oil refineries are typically large sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units. In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can be thought of as types of chemical plants. The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot (tank farm) at or near an oil refinery for storage of bulk liquid products.

published: 16 Aug 2010

How does an oil refinery work? How is crude oil transformed into everyday usable products?

The purpose of an oil refinery is to turn crude oil into products that are fit for end-use, in the quantities that are required by the market.
Watch our video and explore the animation to follow the transformation process, from crude oil to end product, and discover what makes European modern refineries truly competitive today.
http://www.fuelseurope.eu/

Pressure to reduce carbon emissions is putting the future of fossil fuel giants in jeopardy. Their survival plans involve carbon storage and floating wind farms. Meanwhile, one small German village is showing how large companies aren't always essential.
Click here to subscribe to The Economist on YouTube: http://econ.trib.al/rWl91R7
Over 80% of the world's energy needs are provided by coal, oil and gas. Although technologies to extract fossil fuels may have changed over the decades, the core products themselves have never been challenged. Until now.
Pressure to reduce carbon emissions is putting the future of fossil fuel giants in jeopardy. Encouraging the growth of alternative methods to generate and distribute power.
In just eight years, the value of the world's biggest power companies has halved. Leaving industry giants scrambling to redefine their role in this new energy world. Across the world, old industries are facing disruption on an unprecedented scale. The pressure to adapt has never been greater.
Known as the Paris Accord, 195 countries agreed to a legally binding climate deal to reduce carbon emissions. This 5 trillion dollar industry may be facing a seismic shift but that doesn't mean it's ready to ditch the dirty fossil fuels that made it rich. Instead, many companies are banking on new methods to clean up an old process. Norwegian oil and gas giant, Statoil, struck it rich in the North Sea in the late 1960s. Over four decades later, at its Sleipner gas rig, the company is attempting to make fossil fuel production cleaner.
Statoil's business still relies on the harmful burning of fossil fuels by its customers but at least the company is trying to reduce its own carbon footprint. It's transformed some of its offshore rigs with technology that enables engineers to separate the carbon dioxide and pump it underground. Statoil's Sleipner gas rig is the world's first offshore carbon capture storage plant.
Each year, Statoil stores 1 million tonnes of CO2 making extraction less carbon intensive. They believe that prioritising gas over more harmful fossil fuels will further reduce global warming and keep them relevant for decades to come.
Wind and solar are cleaner but depend on subsidies. To take on the consistency of fossil fuels they face a huge challenge - The unpredictable weather. In Bavaria, a tiny village has used those subsidies to take up the challenge. This community believes it's found a way to produce a steady energy supply just from renewable sources, raising the real prospect of a future free from fossil fuels. Norbert and Kristina Bechteler's family farm has been providing the local community with dairy products for over 200 years but they now have a new income from solar energy.
Producing your own energy with solar panels isn't revolutionary but in this village, they're combining solar with other renewables in an attempt to achieve the Holy Grail of a steady energy supply. And they're prepared to use anything to do it. The Deputy Mayor has helped drive the village's pioneering efforts to make renewable energy a realistic option.
There's one renewable that never disappears as it can be sourced from the decay of virtually any organic matter and it's called biogas. Of the four biogas plants in the village, Farmer Einsiedler runs the largest. Combining these different sources has been so successful the village now generates five times more energy than it needs. But that is just part of the challenge of turning renewables into a credible energy supply.
The Disrupters is an original series exploring how major industries – from music and cars to hospitality – are currently being disrupted by the latest wave of digital innovation. As well as enjoying privileged access into the world biggest tech start ups we show how industry giants respond when faced with such tech-driven innovation - do they adapt - or die?
Check out Economist Films: http://films.economist.com/
Check out The Economist’s full video catalogue: http://econ.st/20IehQk
Like The Economist on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TheEconomist/
Follow The Economist on Twitter: https://twitter.com/theeconomist
Read our Tumblr: http://theeconomist.tumblr.com/
Follow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/theeconomist/
Check out our Pinterest: https://uk.pinterest.com/theeconomist/
Follow us on LINE: http://econ.st/1WXkOo6

Pressure to reduce carbon emissions is putting the future of fossil fuel giants in jeopardy. Their survival plans involve carbon storage and floating wind farms. Meanwhile, one small German village is showing how large companies aren't always essential.
Click here to subscribe to The Economist on YouTube: http://econ.trib.al/rWl91R7
Over 80% of the world's energy needs are provided by coal, oil and gas. Although technologies to extract fossil fuels may have changed over the decades, the core products themselves have never been challenged. Until now.
Pressure to reduce carbon emissions is putting the future of fossil fuel giants in jeopardy. Encouraging the growth of alternative methods to generate and distribute power.
In just eight years, the value of the world's biggest power companies has halved. Leaving industry giants scrambling to redefine their role in this new energy world. Across the world, old industries are facing disruption on an unprecedented scale. The pressure to adapt has never been greater.
Known as the Paris Accord, 195 countries agreed to a legally binding climate deal to reduce carbon emissions. This 5 trillion dollar industry may be facing a seismic shift but that doesn't mean it's ready to ditch the dirty fossil fuels that made it rich. Instead, many companies are banking on new methods to clean up an old process. Norwegian oil and gas giant, Statoil, struck it rich in the North Sea in the late 1960s. Over four decades later, at its Sleipner gas rig, the company is attempting to make fossil fuel production cleaner.
Statoil's business still relies on the harmful burning of fossil fuels by its customers but at least the company is trying to reduce its own carbon footprint. It's transformed some of its offshore rigs with technology that enables engineers to separate the carbon dioxide and pump it underground. Statoil's Sleipner gas rig is the world's first offshore carbon capture storage plant.
Each year, Statoil stores 1 million tonnes of CO2 making extraction less carbon intensive. They believe that prioritising gas over more harmful fossil fuels will further reduce global warming and keep them relevant for decades to come.
Wind and solar are cleaner but depend on subsidies. To take on the consistency of fossil fuels they face a huge challenge - The unpredictable weather. In Bavaria, a tiny village has used those subsidies to take up the challenge. This community believes it's found a way to produce a steady energy supply just from renewable sources, raising the real prospect of a future free from fossil fuels. Norbert and Kristina Bechteler's family farm has been providing the local community with dairy products for over 200 years but they now have a new income from solar energy.
Producing your own energy with solar panels isn't revolutionary but in this village, they're combining solar with other renewables in an attempt to achieve the Holy Grail of a steady energy supply. And they're prepared to use anything to do it. The Deputy Mayor has helped drive the village's pioneering efforts to make renewable energy a realistic option.
There's one renewable that never disappears as it can be sourced from the decay of virtually any organic matter and it's called biogas. Of the four biogas plants in the village, Farmer Einsiedler runs the largest. Combining these different sources has been so successful the village now generates five times more energy than it needs. But that is just part of the challenge of turning renewables into a credible energy supply.
The Disrupters is an original series exploring how major industries – from music and cars to hospitality – are currently being disrupted by the latest wave of digital innovation. As well as enjoying privileged access into the world biggest tech start ups we show how industry giants respond when faced with such tech-driven innovation - do they adapt - or die?
Check out Economist Films: http://films.economist.com/
Check out The Economist’s full video catalogue: http://econ.st/20IehQk
Like The Economist on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TheEconomist/
Follow The Economist on Twitter: https://twitter.com/theeconomist
Read our Tumblr: http://theeconomist.tumblr.com/
Follow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/theeconomist/
Check out our Pinterest: https://uk.pinterest.com/theeconomist/
Follow us on LINE: http://econ.st/1WXkOo6

Learn Oil and Gas with Animations

- Like our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oilvips -
Oil and gas are generated from a source rock, organic matter buried in the depths of the earth. Once for...

- Like our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oilvips -
Oil and gas are generated from a source rock, organic matter buried in the depths of the earth. Once formed, they climb back towards the surface. On their way, cap rocks can impede their progress and they accumulate in reservoir rocks. Here they constitute hydrocarbon fields, which can be identified by interpreting seismic data (a sort of echography).
The data is obtained with the help of a seismic ship. To confirm the interpretations of seismic data, two types of drilling gear exist. Each is adapted to a range of depth of water (down to more than 2500 meters). The platform seen here is a semi-submersible, which floats and retains its stabilised position by means of anchors fixed on the seabed.
Platforms at sea are used not only for drilling but also for the production of hydrocarbons. This production consists of the separation of oil, gas and water, before the oil and gas is taken by pipeline towards a mainland terminal. Where it is impossible or too expensive to link the field to the coast by a pipeline, an FPSO ship is used (Floating Production Storage and Offloading barge). Onboard, the hydrocarbons and the water are separated. The oil is stored prior to being loaded on tankers and the gas is re-injected into the reservoir rocks. Gas from a field is taken to land through an underground gasoduct to a processing plant.
There, if the gas is to be transported by sea, it is converted into liquid obtained by cooling it down to --163°C. When it arrives at the plant terminal, the liquid natural gas (LNG) is returned to its gaseous state in a re-gasification plant, before being introduced into the local gasoduct network. The LNG is stored in tanks before re-gasification. The crude oil is transported in a petroleum tanker, the capacity of which can attain 200 000 tons. It is commonly called a "super- tanker". The terminals capable of receiving such giants are few and far between. The ships used to transport the crude oil produced on an FPSO ship are of a much smaller capacity. The crude oil, before being refined, is stored in the port in the large capacity tanks.
The natural gas is preserved in reservoirs (artificial or natural). It is ready to be injected by pumping into the gasoduct network for industrial and domestic use or as fuel in power-generating stations. As far as the crude oil goes, it is transported by oleoduct to the refinery. There it undergoes a number of transformations and blending. A variety of finished products are obtained (LPG, petrol, kerosene, diesel ...), or naphtha, which will be used as the basis for the composition of plastic products by complex petroleum chemistry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Like our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oilvips
Twitter: https://twitter.com/oilvips
And Don't forget to subscribe to our channel

- Like our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oilvips -
Oil and gas are generated from a source rock, organic matter buried in the depths of the earth. Once formed, they climb back towards the surface. On their way, cap rocks can impede their progress and they accumulate in reservoir rocks. Here they constitute hydrocarbon fields, which can be identified by interpreting seismic data (a sort of echography).
The data is obtained with the help of a seismic ship. To confirm the interpretations of seismic data, two types of drilling gear exist. Each is adapted to a range of depth of water (down to more than 2500 meters). The platform seen here is a semi-submersible, which floats and retains its stabilised position by means of anchors fixed on the seabed.
Platforms at sea are used not only for drilling but also for the production of hydrocarbons. This production consists of the separation of oil, gas and water, before the oil and gas is taken by pipeline towards a mainland terminal. Where it is impossible or too expensive to link the field to the coast by a pipeline, an FPSO ship is used (Floating Production Storage and Offloading barge). Onboard, the hydrocarbons and the water are separated. The oil is stored prior to being loaded on tankers and the gas is re-injected into the reservoir rocks. Gas from a field is taken to land through an underground gasoduct to a processing plant.
There, if the gas is to be transported by sea, it is converted into liquid obtained by cooling it down to --163°C. When it arrives at the plant terminal, the liquid natural gas (LNG) is returned to its gaseous state in a re-gasification plant, before being introduced into the local gasoduct network. The LNG is stored in tanks before re-gasification. The crude oil is transported in a petroleum tanker, the capacity of which can attain 200 000 tons. It is commonly called a "super- tanker". The terminals capable of receiving such giants are few and far between. The ships used to transport the crude oil produced on an FPSO ship are of a much smaller capacity. The crude oil, before being refined, is stored in the port in the large capacity tanks.
The natural gas is preserved in reservoirs (artificial or natural). It is ready to be injected by pumping into the gasoduct network for industrial and domestic use or as fuel in power-generating stations. As far as the crude oil goes, it is transported by oleoduct to the refinery. There it undergoes a number of transformations and blending. A variety of finished products are obtained (LPG, petrol, kerosene, diesel ...), or naphtha, which will be used as the basis for the composition of plastic products by complex petroleum chemistry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Like our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oilvips
Twitter: https://twitter.com/oilvips
And Don't forget to subscribe to our channel

Oil 101 - A FREEIntroduction to the Oil and GasIndustry
I this first of 10 modules, we introduce the learner to some key fundamentals of the Upstream segment of the oil and gas industry.
The full Oil 101 course includes:
+Introduction to Upstream
+Introduction to Midstream
+Introduction to Downstream
+Introduction to Exploration
+Introduction to Drilling
+Introduction to Production
+Introduction to Natural Gas
+Introduction to Refining
+Introduction to Supply and Trading
+Introduction to Petroleum Product Marketing
Learn More about Oil 101:
http://www.ektinteractive.com/
http://www.ektinteractive.com/oil-101/
So, What is Upstream?
Most oil and gas companies’ business structures are organized according to business segment, assets, or function.
The upstream segment of oil and gas is also known as exploration and production, or E&P because it encompasses activities related to searching for, recovering, and producing crude oil and natural gas.
Upstream is all about wells, where to locate them; how deep and how far to drill them; and how to design, construct, operate and manage them to deliver the greatest possible return on investment with the lightest, safest and smallest operational footprint.
In fact, the E&P sector should probably be called the EDP sector - because “you can’t find oil if you don’t drill wells.”
Exploration
Obtaining the Lease
Let’s start with exploration which involves the operator obtaining a lease and permission to drill from the owner of onshore or offshore acreage thought to contain oil or gas.
Then the operator must conduct geological and geophysical surveys to select the first well site to explore for, and hopefully find, economic accumulations of oil or gas.
This well is often called a “wildcat well.”
Drilling is physically creating the “borehole” in the ground that will eventually become a productive oil or gas well.
This work is typically done by rig contractors and service companies in the Oilfield Services business sector. On a wellsite, there can be as many as 30-40 different service contractors providing expertise to the operator.
Wells can be relatively simple or unbelievably complex. Wells can totally vertical for miles or both deep and horizontal.
There are also highly complex “J” and “S” configured wells with numerous branches, or laterals, emanating from the original, or “mother”, hole. These are called “deviated wells.”
Production
Finally, let’s discuss production, where reserves are “converted to cash” by maximizing the recovery of hydrocarbons from subsurface reservoirs. Essentially, production is efficiently bringing the hydrocarbons to the surface and treating them as needed to make them marketable.
So that’s the basics of E&P. We will drill deeper into each of these operations in the complete Oil 101 course at a later date. Now, let’s talk about unconventional resources, clearly the hottest topic in oil and gas over the last decade.
Unconventional Future of Oil and Gas
Unconventional resources are defined as any resource extracted, or produced, by any method other than the traditional vertical or slightly deviated well.
The three main sources of technological breakthroughs that have made unconventional developments profitable include:
Horizontal drillingHydraulic fracturing
Subsea engineering (especially deep water production)

Oil 101 - A FREEIntroduction to the Oil and GasIndustry
I this first of 10 modules, we introduce the learner to some key fundamentals of the Upstream segment of the oil and gas industry.
The full Oil 101 course includes:
+Introduction to Upstream
+Introduction to Midstream
+Introduction to Downstream
+Introduction to Exploration
+Introduction to Drilling
+Introduction to Production
+Introduction to Natural Gas
+Introduction to Refining
+Introduction to Supply and Trading
+Introduction to Petroleum Product Marketing
Learn More about Oil 101:
http://www.ektinteractive.com/
http://www.ektinteractive.com/oil-101/
So, What is Upstream?
Most oil and gas companies’ business structures are organized according to business segment, assets, or function.
The upstream segment of oil and gas is also known as exploration and production, or E&P because it encompasses activities related to searching for, recovering, and producing crude oil and natural gas.
Upstream is all about wells, where to locate them; how deep and how far to drill them; and how to design, construct, operate and manage them to deliver the greatest possible return on investment with the lightest, safest and smallest operational footprint.
In fact, the E&P sector should probably be called the EDP sector - because “you can’t find oil if you don’t drill wells.”
Exploration
Obtaining the Lease
Let’s start with exploration which involves the operator obtaining a lease and permission to drill from the owner of onshore or offshore acreage thought to contain oil or gas.
Then the operator must conduct geological and geophysical surveys to select the first well site to explore for, and hopefully find, economic accumulations of oil or gas.
This well is often called a “wildcat well.”
Drilling is physically creating the “borehole” in the ground that will eventually become a productive oil or gas well.
This work is typically done by rig contractors and service companies in the Oilfield Services business sector. On a wellsite, there can be as many as 30-40 different service contractors providing expertise to the operator.
Wells can be relatively simple or unbelievably complex. Wells can totally vertical for miles or both deep and horizontal.
There are also highly complex “J” and “S” configured wells with numerous branches, or laterals, emanating from the original, or “mother”, hole. These are called “deviated wells.”
Production
Finally, let’s discuss production, where reserves are “converted to cash” by maximizing the recovery of hydrocarbons from subsurface reservoirs. Essentially, production is efficiently bringing the hydrocarbons to the surface and treating them as needed to make them marketable.
So that’s the basics of E&P. We will drill deeper into each of these operations in the complete Oil 101 course at a later date. Now, let’s talk about unconventional resources, clearly the hottest topic in oil and gas over the last decade.
Unconventional Future of Oil and Gas
Unconventional resources are defined as any resource extracted, or produced, by any method other than the traditional vertical or slightly deviated well.
The three main sources of technological breakthroughs that have made unconventional developments profitable include:
Horizontal drillingHydraulic fracturing
Subsea engineering (especially deep water production)

How Algae Could Change The Fossil Fuel Industry

Watch the next video to learn more about the science of algae fuel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ExOXF1x3N1g
Subscribe! https://www.youtube.com/c/seekerstori...

Watch the next video to learn more about the science of algae fuel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ExOXF1x3N1g
Subscribe! https://www.youtube.com/c/seekerstories?sub_confirmation=1
Join the Seeker community!
Twitter: https://twitter.com/SeekerNetwork
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Seeker-Network/872690716088418?ref=hl
Instagram: http://instagram.com/seekernetwork
Tumblr: http://seekernetwork.tumblr.com
App - iOS http://seekernetwork.com/ios
App - Android http://seekernetwork.com/android
Great strides have been made in recent years towards using renewable sources of energy, like electric vehicles, solar panels, wind energy and even algae. It might seem surprising, but algae is one of the most powerful sources of energy we have access to on Earth. When dried algae is ground into a powder and refined, oil can be extracted from it. The result is nearly identical to traditional gasoline, but with far more benefits.
Dave Hazlebeck, CEO of Global Algae Innovations, gave Seeker a tour of his algae farm in Kauai, Hawaii, and explained how his company is revolutionizing sustainable energy. "The fuel that we're producing is exactly the same in terms of performance as gasoline or diesel or jet, it's just a lot cleaner. I think the big difference is that [with] all the other biofuels, you're growing it and you're just getting biofuel. In this case, for every gallon of biofuel you get 10 pounds of food with it," Hazlebeck said.
Hazlebeck believes his company is on the path to completely change the way we currently produce both oil and food. Not only can algae create biofuel, it can also be used to create animal feed. Currently, most animal and fish feed is made from corn or soy, which both use more water and energy to grow than algae.
"There's studies that show with algae grown to replace animal feed, you could actually solve global warming to a large extent," Hazlebeck told Seeker.
Algae can be used to create food for humans as well. New Wave Foods in Northern California created fake shrimp made from algae and other plants that actually looks, smells and even tastes like real shrimp. Because it's made from algae, the shrimp substitute also has the added benefit of being low in fat and extremely rich in nutrients, something that corn and soy are severely lacking.
Growing algae for oil and food could also significantly reduce deforestation. According to Scientific American, the yields from algae are far more significant than crops like corn or soy. If all the fuel in the country was replaced with biofuel from corn, we would need a facility three times the size of the continental U.S. to produce it. But for algae, we would need a facility the size of Maryland. Additionally, algae can produce 40 times more food per acre than traditional crops.
While showing the Seeker team around GAI's Hawaii facility, Hazlebeck explained that the algae farm is next to a power plant, which puts it in a very unique position. "[It] allows us to capture carbon dioxide and avoid that discharge and reuse it, and that prevents it from going into the atmosphere and causing global warming," he said. "If every power plant had an algae farm next to it, it could potentially solve the global warming issue entirely."
The environmental benefits of algae are impressive, and because algae can grow in both freshwater and seawater, it's also very easy to produce. So, does that mean we'll all be filling our cars with algae gas at the pumps very soon?
Not just yet. Hazlebeck and his team have run into a few setbacks since they began scaling up their operations. The most prohibitive issue has been the cost.
When Global Algae Innovations began, a gallon of oil produced from algae was about $30 a gallon -- 10 times higher than it needs to be to work as a viable alternative to fossil fuel. But Hazlebeck and his team didn't give up, and they've continued to come up with solutions to decrease the cost. As of now, they almost have algae oil down to only $2 - $3 a gallon.
Once GAI can get their algae production up to scale, Hazlebeck believes it will change the geopolitics of the world. "A lot of the reasons we have wars are because of fights over resources or the need for more resources. By creating a more equitable distribution with countries being able to make their own, it should lead to a more stable and peaceful world," he told Seeker.
That's really the point of it all for Hazlebeck and GAI. They don't want to be the only company doing this; they want everyone working together because they truly believe using algae as a fuel and food source will change the world.
Executive Producer: Laura LingProducers: Paige Keipper (Hansen), Conor Spicer
Cinematographers: Matthew Piniol Spencer Snider
Editor: Lee Mould

Watch the next video to learn more about the science of algae fuel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ExOXF1x3N1g
Subscribe! https://www.youtube.com/c/seekerstories?sub_confirmation=1
Join the Seeker community!
Twitter: https://twitter.com/SeekerNetwork
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Seeker-Network/872690716088418?ref=hl
Instagram: http://instagram.com/seekernetwork
Tumblr: http://seekernetwork.tumblr.com
App - iOS http://seekernetwork.com/ios
App - Android http://seekernetwork.com/android
Great strides have been made in recent years towards using renewable sources of energy, like electric vehicles, solar panels, wind energy and even algae. It might seem surprising, but algae is one of the most powerful sources of energy we have access to on Earth. When dried algae is ground into a powder and refined, oil can be extracted from it. The result is nearly identical to traditional gasoline, but with far more benefits.
Dave Hazlebeck, CEO of Global Algae Innovations, gave Seeker a tour of his algae farm in Kauai, Hawaii, and explained how his company is revolutionizing sustainable energy. "The fuel that we're producing is exactly the same in terms of performance as gasoline or diesel or jet, it's just a lot cleaner. I think the big difference is that [with] all the other biofuels, you're growing it and you're just getting biofuel. In this case, for every gallon of biofuel you get 10 pounds of food with it," Hazlebeck said.
Hazlebeck believes his company is on the path to completely change the way we currently produce both oil and food. Not only can algae create biofuel, it can also be used to create animal feed. Currently, most animal and fish feed is made from corn or soy, which both use more water and energy to grow than algae.
"There's studies that show with algae grown to replace animal feed, you could actually solve global warming to a large extent," Hazlebeck told Seeker.
Algae can be used to create food for humans as well. New Wave Foods in Northern California created fake shrimp made from algae and other plants that actually looks, smells and even tastes like real shrimp. Because it's made from algae, the shrimp substitute also has the added benefit of being low in fat and extremely rich in nutrients, something that corn and soy are severely lacking.
Growing algae for oil and food could also significantly reduce deforestation. According to Scientific American, the yields from algae are far more significant than crops like corn or soy. If all the fuel in the country was replaced with biofuel from corn, we would need a facility three times the size of the continental U.S. to produce it. But for algae, we would need a facility the size of Maryland. Additionally, algae can produce 40 times more food per acre than traditional crops.
While showing the Seeker team around GAI's Hawaii facility, Hazlebeck explained that the algae farm is next to a power plant, which puts it in a very unique position. "[It] allows us to capture carbon dioxide and avoid that discharge and reuse it, and that prevents it from going into the atmosphere and causing global warming," he said. "If every power plant had an algae farm next to it, it could potentially solve the global warming issue entirely."
The environmental benefits of algae are impressive, and because algae can grow in both freshwater and seawater, it's also very easy to produce. So, does that mean we'll all be filling our cars with algae gas at the pumps very soon?
Not just yet. Hazlebeck and his team have run into a few setbacks since they began scaling up their operations. The most prohibitive issue has been the cost.
When Global Algae Innovations began, a gallon of oil produced from algae was about $30 a gallon -- 10 times higher than it needs to be to work as a viable alternative to fossil fuel. But Hazlebeck and his team didn't give up, and they've continued to come up with solutions to decrease the cost. As of now, they almost have algae oil down to only $2 - $3 a gallon.
Once GAI can get their algae production up to scale, Hazlebeck believes it will change the geopolitics of the world. "A lot of the reasons we have wars are because of fights over resources or the need for more resources. By creating a more equitable distribution with countries being able to make their own, it should lead to a more stable and peaceful world," he told Seeker.
That's really the point of it all for Hazlebeck and GAI. They don't want to be the only company doing this; they want everyone working together because they truly believe using algae as a fuel and food source will change the world.
Executive Producer: Laura LingProducers: Paige Keipper (Hansen), Conor Spicer
Cinematographers: Matthew Piniol Spencer Snider
Editor: Lee Mould

Crude Oil Fractions and their uses | The Chemistry Journey | The Fuse School

Learn the basics about the uses of crude oil fractions. Before watching this video you should watch our video explaining how crude oil is separated into it's di...

Learn the basics about the uses of crude oil fractions. Before watching this video you should watch our video explaining how crude oil is separated into it's different length hydrocarbon fractions by utilising the different boiling points of each hydrocarbon fraction.
At FuseSchool, teachers and animators come together to make fun & easy-to-understand videos in Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Maths & ICT. Our OER are available free of charge to anyone. Make sure to subscribe - we are going to create 3000 more!
Fuse School is currently running the Chemistry Journey project - a Chemistry Education project by The Fuse School sponsored by Fuse. These videos can be used in a flipped classroom model or as a revision aid. Find our other Chemistry videos here:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLW0gavSzhMlReKGMVfUt6YuNQsO0bqSMV
Be sure to follow our social media for the latest videos and information!
Twitter: https://twitter.com/fuseschool
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/fuseschool
Google+: http://www.gplus.to/FuseSchool
Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/virtualschooluk
Email: info@fuseschool.org
Website: www.fuseschool.org
This video is distributed under a Creative Commons License:
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs CC BY-NC-ND

Learn the basics about the uses of crude oil fractions. Before watching this video you should watch our video explaining how crude oil is separated into it's different length hydrocarbon fractions by utilising the different boiling points of each hydrocarbon fraction.
At FuseSchool, teachers and animators come together to make fun & easy-to-understand videos in Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Maths & ICT. Our OER are available free of charge to anyone. Make sure to subscribe - we are going to create 3000 more!
Fuse School is currently running the Chemistry Journey project - a Chemistry Education project by The Fuse School sponsored by Fuse. These videos can be used in a flipped classroom model or as a revision aid. Find our other Chemistry videos here:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLW0gavSzhMlReKGMVfUt6YuNQsO0bqSMV
Be sure to follow our social media for the latest videos and information!
Twitter: https://twitter.com/fuseschool
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/fuseschool
Google+: http://www.gplus.to/FuseSchool
Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/virtualschooluk
Email: info@fuseschool.org
Website: www.fuseschool.org
This video is distributed under a Creative Commons License:
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs CC BY-NC-ND

Electric Cars Could Wreak Havoc on Oil Markets Within a Decade

There are more than one billion cars on the road worldwide today, and only one tenth of one percent of them have a plug. OPEC contends that even in the year 204...

There are more than one billion cars on the road worldwide today, and only one tenth of one percent of them have a plug. OPEC contends that even in the year 2040, EVs will make up just one percent. But don't be so sure. By 2020, some electric cars and SUVs will be faster, safer, cheaper, and more convenient than their gasoline counterparts. What if people just stop buying oil? In the first episode of our animated series, Sooner Than You Think, Bloomberg's Tom Randall does the math on when oil markets might be headed for the big crash.
----------
Like this video? Subscribe to Bloomberg on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/Bloomberg?sub_confirmation=1
Bloomberg is the FirstWord in business news, delivering breaking news & analysis, up-to-the-minute market data, features, profiles and more: http://www.bloomberg.com
Connect with us on...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/business
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/bloombergbusiness
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/bloombergbusiness/

There are more than one billion cars on the road worldwide today, and only one tenth of one percent of them have a plug. OPEC contends that even in the year 2040, EVs will make up just one percent. But don't be so sure. By 2020, some electric cars and SUVs will be faster, safer, cheaper, and more convenient than their gasoline counterparts. What if people just stop buying oil? In the first episode of our animated series, Sooner Than You Think, Bloomberg's Tom Randall does the math on when oil markets might be headed for the big crash.
----------
Like this video? Subscribe to Bloomberg on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/Bloomberg?sub_confirmation=1
Bloomberg is the FirstWord in business news, delivering breaking news & analysis, up-to-the-minute market data, features, profiles and more: http://www.bloomberg.com
Connect with us on...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/business
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/bloombergbusiness
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/bloombergbusiness/

Greenpeace's Charlie Kronick says companies are providing investors with flawed assessments about the development of green technologies and possibly of governme...

Greenpeace's Charlie Kronick says companies are providing investors with flawed assessments about the development of green technologies and possibly of government intervention in climate change
Visithttp://therealnews.com for more stories and help support our work by donating at http://therealnews.com/donate.

Greenpeace's Charlie Kronick says companies are providing investors with flawed assessments about the development of green technologies and possibly of government intervention in climate change
Visithttp://therealnews.com for more stories and help support our work by donating at http://therealnews.com/donate.

To do business with Shell, WMBEs must understand how the oil and gas supply chain works. Supplier Diversity Manager Debra Stewart tells you everything you need to know. Visit twicemediaproductions.com/shell to watch more videos.

To do business with Shell, WMBEs must understand how the oil and gas supply chain works. Supplier Diversity Manager Debra Stewart tells you everything you need to know. Visit twicemediaproductions.com/shell to watch more videos.

We are GE Oil & Gas. We fuel the future.

See how GE is fueling the future, as oil and gas both continue to play a critical role in the energy industry.
GE has been the industry leader for over 120 yea...

See how GE is fueling the future, as oil and gas both continue to play a critical role in the energy industry.
GE has been the industry leader for over 120 years. As the world’s first digital industrial company, we work to master some of the most complex challenges. Through partnership with our customers and access to the best of GE, we help reduce equipment downtime, optimize assets and build new business models; using the best minds and the best machines.
We areGE Oil & Gas. We fuel the future.
Find out more about us at https://www.geoilandgas.com/.

See how GE is fueling the future, as oil and gas both continue to play a critical role in the energy industry.
GE has been the industry leader for over 120 years. As the world’s first digital industrial company, we work to master some of the most complex challenges. Through partnership with our customers and access to the best of GE, we help reduce equipment downtime, optimize assets and build new business models; using the best minds and the best machines.
We areGE Oil & Gas. We fuel the future.
Find out more about us at https://www.geoilandgas.com/.

Crude Oil Distillation Process Part 1

An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful petroleum products, such as gasol...

An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful petroleum products, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas. Oil refineries are typically large sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units. In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can be thought of as types of chemical plants. The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot (tank farm) at or near an oil refinery for storage of bulk liquid products.

An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful petroleum products, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas. Oil refineries are typically large sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units. In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can be thought of as types of chemical plants. The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot (tank farm) at or near an oil refinery for storage of bulk liquid products.

published:16 Aug 2010

views:0

back

How does an oil refinery work? How is crude oil transformed into everyday usable products?

The purpose of an oil refinery is to turn crude oil into products that are fit for end-use, in the quantities that are required by the market.
Watch our video...

The purpose of an oil refinery is to turn crude oil into products that are fit for end-use, in the quantities that are required by the market.
Watch our video and explore the animation to follow the transformation process, from crude oil to end product, and discover what makes European modern refineries truly competitive today.
http://www.fuelseurope.eu/

The purpose of an oil refinery is to turn crude oil into products that are fit for end-use, in the quantities that are required by the market.
Watch our video and explore the animation to follow the transformation process, from crude oil to end product, and discover what makes European modern refineries truly competitive today.
http://www.fuelseurope.eu/

Video: Understand the Oil & Gas Supply Chain

To do business with Shell, WMBEs must understand how the oil and gas supply chain works. Supplier Diversity Manager Debra Stewart tells you everything you need to know. Visit twicemediaproductions.com/shell to watch more videos.

published: 14 Mar 2016

The Oil and Gas Industry in India: Past and Future Trends

India was the fourth-largest consumer of crude oil and petroleum products in the world in 2013, after the United States, China, and Japan. The country depends heavily on imported crude oil, mostly from the Middle East. The aim of the new government is to source as much domestic production as it can and further bid rounds to attract new investments. There have been significant successes in the past in India by ONGC, GSPC, Reliance and Cairn Energy in finding domestic oil and gas from conventional resources. What else can be done to help fuel India’s demand for new sources of energy? Dr MikeWatts led the exploration efforts of the London listed Cairn Energy PLC for over more than 20 years in South Asia and will share his experiences during this address.
Speaker: ...

published: 30 Sep 2014

Lecture 18 - Oil and Gas

If you experience any technical difficulties with this video or would like to make an accessibility-related request, please send a message to digicomm@uchicago.edu.
This 10-week course for non-science majors focuses on a single problem: assessing the risk of human-caused climate change. The story ranges from physics to chemistry, biology, geology, fluid mechanics, and quantum mechanics, to economics and social sciences. The class will consider evidence from the distant past and projections into the distant future, keeping the human time scale of the next several centuries as the bottom line. The lectures follow a textbook, "Global Warming, Understanding the Forecast," written for the course.
For information about the textbook, interactive models, and more, visit: http://forecast.uchica...

published: 06 Apr 2010

Disruptive Oil Futures

What if oil companies' biggest threat came not from dropping prices, but from disappearing demand? In this talk, originally delivered at the OsloEnergyForum on 17 February2015, Amory Lovins explains the different trends facing oil and gas industry executives.

published: 31 Aug 2015

HEMP 4 FUEL - 95% Cleaner than Fossil Fuel / No C02 Emission !!!!

GROWHEMP 4 GASOLINE / FUEL / GAS
Go Green With Hemp
Create100 MillionGREENJOBS in 6 months
Hemp Seed Oil Biodiesel fuel
Hemp seed oil can be used as is in bio-diesel engines. Methyl esters, or bio-diesel, can be made from any oil or fat including hemp seed oil. The reaction requires the oil, an alcohol (usually methanol), and a catalyst, which produces bio-diesel and small amount of glycerol or glycerin. When co-fired with 15% methanol, bio-diesel fuel produces energy less than 1/3 as pollution as petroleum diesel.
Energy and Fuel from Hemp Stalks through Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis is the technique of applying high heat to biomass, or organic plants and tree matter, with little or no air. Reduced emissions from coal-fired power plants and automobiles can be accomplished by converting bio...

HOW AN OIL REFINERY WORKS SHELL OIL HISTORIC FILM 71862

Made in the 1950s by the Shell Oil Company, "RefineryProcess" goes behind the scenes at a huge oil refinery to show how crude oil is transformed into finished products. The film uses a combination of animation and live-action to present the story in a simple and entertaining style, how crude oil is separated into major fractions or "cuts". It then describes how complicated molecules are "cracked" into simpler molecules of the lighter, more valuable products by the application of heat and pressure.
This film is one of a series made by Shell as part of its public relations efforts. All the films in the series are well-made and use innovative techniques for their time. The company spent over $1 million dollars in the 1950s -- roughly $10 million in today's world -- on its film library.
...

Peak oil is the point in time when the maximum rate of petroleum extraction is reached, after which the rate of production is expected to enter terminal decline. More Chomsky: https://www.amazon.com/gp/search?ie=UTF8&tag=tra0c7-20&linkCode=ur2&linkId=685da0c9f3d6ee8085f8c084206f56c8&camp=1789&creative=9325&index=books&keywords=chomsky
Global production of oil fell from a high point in 2005 at 74 mb/d, but has since rebounded setting new records in both 2011 and 2012. There is active debate as to when global peak oil will occur, how to measure peak oil, and whether peak oil production will be supply or demand driven.
The aggregate production rate from an oil field over time usually grows until the rate peaks and then declines—sometimes rapidly—until the field is depleted. This concept is ...

published: 05 Nov 2013

The Truth About "Fossil Fuel"...On the Flat Earth

Donate: http://www.gnosticmedia.com/donate/
Author: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWrBxNBk4w8
Episode241 is a very important discussion regarding oil and so-called “fossil fuels” and “peak oil”, with Greg Quinones, titled: “Abiogenic Petroleum: Peak Oil and “Fossil Fuels” – Debunked”.
This episode is being released for Thursday, December 03, 2015, and was recorded November 22.
Greg Quinones is a business consultant, writer, public speaker, trainer and teacher.
Greg is Founder and Managing ExecutivePartner of ZENEnhanced Oil Recovery (ZENEOR) a Texas based privately held limited liability company.
ZENEOR specializes in “out-of-the-box” thinking in oil production and process. Through extensive knowledge of the oil industry, they bring new innovations and technologies to market in ...

Inside Oil Tankers - Documentary Films

CLICK HERE - http://activeterium.com/1DCR - FOR MORE FREE DOCUMENTARIES
InsideOil Tankers - Documentary FilmsAll over the world, tanker operations are constantly moving. Oil tankers are ships specially designed for the bulk transport of either unrefined crude oil or petrochemicals. Their size classes can range from coastal or inland tankers of a few thousand metric tons of deadweight (DWT) to a colossal amount of 550,000 DWT. These giant specialized ships transport approximately two billion metric tons of oil across the sea every year.
Crude oil is one of the world's most consumed sources of energy. Oil tankers, therefore, play a significant role in the way the country operates. Because of the products they are built to carry, without proper maintenance, these mammoth ships of black ...

To do business with Shell, WMBEs must understand how the oil and gas supply chain works. Supplier Diversity Manager Debra Stewart tells you everything you need to know. Visit twicemediaproductions.com/shell to watch more videos.

To do business with Shell, WMBEs must understand how the oil and gas supply chain works. Supplier Diversity Manager Debra Stewart tells you everything you need to know. Visit twicemediaproductions.com/shell to watch more videos.

India was the fourth-largest consumer of crude oil and petroleum products in the world in 2013, after the United States, China, and Japan. The country depends heavily on imported crude oil, mostly from the Middle East. The aim of the new government is to source as much domestic production as it can and further bid rounds to attract new investments. There have been significant successes in the past in India by ONGC, GSPC, Reliance and Cairn Energy in finding domestic oil and gas from conventional resources. What else can be done to help fuel India’s demand for new sources of energy? Dr MikeWatts led the exploration efforts of the London listed Cairn Energy PLC for over more than 20 years in South Asia and will share his experiences during this address.
Speaker:
Dr. Mike Watts, DeputyChief Executive, Cairn Energy PLC

India was the fourth-largest consumer of crude oil and petroleum products in the world in 2013, after the United States, China, and Japan. The country depends heavily on imported crude oil, mostly from the Middle East. The aim of the new government is to source as much domestic production as it can and further bid rounds to attract new investments. There have been significant successes in the past in India by ONGC, GSPC, Reliance and Cairn Energy in finding domestic oil and gas from conventional resources. What else can be done to help fuel India’s demand for new sources of energy? Dr MikeWatts led the exploration efforts of the London listed Cairn Energy PLC for over more than 20 years in South Asia and will share his experiences during this address.
Speaker:
Dr. Mike Watts, DeputyChief Executive, Cairn Energy PLC

Lecture 18 - Oil and Gas

If you experience any technical difficulties with this video or would like to make an accessibility-related request, please send a message to digicomm@uchicago....

If you experience any technical difficulties with this video or would like to make an accessibility-related request, please send a message to digicomm@uchicago.edu.
This 10-week course for non-science majors focuses on a single problem: assessing the risk of human-caused climate change. The story ranges from physics to chemistry, biology, geology, fluid mechanics, and quantum mechanics, to economics and social sciences. The class will consider evidence from the distant past and projections into the distant future, keeping the human time scale of the next several centuries as the bottom line. The lectures follow a textbook, "Global Warming, Understanding the Forecast," written for the course.
For information about the textbook, interactive models, and more, visit: http://forecast.uchicago.edu/

If you experience any technical difficulties with this video or would like to make an accessibility-related request, please send a message to digicomm@uchicago.edu.
This 10-week course for non-science majors focuses on a single problem: assessing the risk of human-caused climate change. The story ranges from physics to chemistry, biology, geology, fluid mechanics, and quantum mechanics, to economics and social sciences. The class will consider evidence from the distant past and projections into the distant future, keeping the human time scale of the next several centuries as the bottom line. The lectures follow a textbook, "Global Warming, Understanding the Forecast," written for the course.
For information about the textbook, interactive models, and more, visit: http://forecast.uchicago.edu/

Disruptive Oil Futures

What if oil companies' biggest threat came not from dropping prices, but from disappearing demand? In this talk, originally delivered at the OsloEnergyForum o...

What if oil companies' biggest threat came not from dropping prices, but from disappearing demand? In this talk, originally delivered at the OsloEnergyForum on 17 February2015, Amory Lovins explains the different trends facing oil and gas industry executives.

What if oil companies' biggest threat came not from dropping prices, but from disappearing demand? In this talk, originally delivered at the OsloEnergyForum on 17 February2015, Amory Lovins explains the different trends facing oil and gas industry executives.

GROWHEMP 4 GASOLINE / FUEL / GAS
Go Green With Hemp
Create100 MillionGREENJOBS in 6 months
Hemp Seed Oil Biodiesel fuel
Hemp seed oil can be used as is in bio-diesel engines. Methyl esters, or bio-diesel, can be made from any oil or fat including hemp seed oil. The reaction requires the oil, an alcohol (usually methanol), and a catalyst, which produces bio-diesel and small amount of glycerol or glycerin. When co-fired with 15% methanol, bio-diesel fuel produces energy less than 1/3 as pollution as petroleum diesel.
Energy and Fuel from Hemp Stalks through Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis is the technique of applying high heat to biomass, or organic plants and tree matter, with little or no air. Reduced emissions from coal-fired power plants and automobiles can be accomplished by converting biomass to fuel utilizing pyrolysis technology. The process can produce, from lingo-cellulosic material (like the stalks of hemp), charcoal, gasoline, ethanol, non-condensable gasses, acetic acid, acetone, methane, and methanol. Process adjustments can be done to favor charcoal, pyrolytic oil, gas, or methanol, with 95.5% fuel-to-feed ratios. Around 68% of the energy of the raw biomass will be contained in the charcoal and fuel oils -- renewable energy generated here at home, instead of overpaying for foreign petroleum.
Pyrolysis facilities can run 3 shifts a day, and since pyrolysis facilities need to be within 50 miles of the energy crop to be cost effective, many new local and rural jobs will be created, not to mention the employment opportunities in trucking and transportation.
Hemp vs. Fossil Fuels
Pyrolysis facilities can use the same technology used now to process fossil fuel oil and coal. Petroleum coal and oil conversion is more efficient in terms of fuel-to-feed ratio, but there are many advantages to conversion by pyrolysis.
1) Biomass has a heating value of 5000-8000 BTU/lb, with virtually no ash or sulfur emissions.
2) Ethanol, methanol, methane gas, and gasoline can be derived from biomass at a fraction of the cost of the current cost of oil, coal, or nuclear energy, especially when environmental costs are factored in. Each acre of hemp could yield about 1000 gallons of methanol.
3) When an energy crop is growing, it takes carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air, and releases an equal amount when it is burned, creating a balanced system, unlike petroleum fuels, which only release CO2. When an energy crop like hemp is grown on a massive scale, it will initially lower the CO2 in the air, and then stabilize it at a level lower than before the planting of the energy crop.
4) Use of biomass would end acid rain, end sulfer-based smog, and reverse the greenhouse effect.
Hemp Produces the Most Biomass of Any Plant on Earth.
Hemp is at least four times richer in biomass/cellulose potential than its nearest rivals: cornstalks, sugarcane, kenaf, trees, etc.
Hemp produces the most biomass of any crop, which is why it is the natural choice for an energy crop. Hemp converts the sun's energy into cellulose faster than any other plant, through photosynthesis. Hemp can produce 10 tons of biomass per acre every four months. Enough energy could be produced on 6% of the land in the U.S. to provide enough energy for our entire country (cars, heat homes, electricity, industry) -- and we use 25% of the world's energy.
To put which in perspective, right now we pay farmers not to grow on 6% (around 90 million acres) of the farming land, while another 500 million acres of marginal farmland lies fallow. This land could be used to grow hemp as an energy crop.
Conclusion
The most important aspect of industrial hemp farming, the most compelling thing hemp offers us, is fuel. Right now we are depleting our reserves of petroleum and buying it up from other countries. It would be nice if we could have a fuel source which was reusable and which we could grow right here, making us completely energy independent.
Petroleum fuel increases carbon monoxide in the atmosphere and contributes heavily to global warming and the greenhouse effect, which could lead to global catastrophe in the next 50 years if these trends continue. Do you want to find out if they are right, or do you want to grow the most cost effective and environmentally safe fuel source on the planet?
Using hemp as an energy and rotation crop would be a great step in the right direction.
Hemp Seed Oil
Hemp seed oil has historically been used as lamp oil. It is said to shine the brightest of all lamp oils. Hemp seed oil lit the lamps of Abraham Lincoln, Abraham the prophet, and was used in the legendary lamps of Aladdin.
Anything which can be made from fossil fuels can be made from an organic substance like hemp. Toxic petrochemicals can be replaced with hemp oil.

GROWHEMP 4 GASOLINE / FUEL / GAS
Go Green With Hemp
Create100 MillionGREENJOBS in 6 months
Hemp Seed Oil Biodiesel fuel
Hemp seed oil can be used as is in bio-diesel engines. Methyl esters, or bio-diesel, can be made from any oil or fat including hemp seed oil. The reaction requires the oil, an alcohol (usually methanol), and a catalyst, which produces bio-diesel and small amount of glycerol or glycerin. When co-fired with 15% methanol, bio-diesel fuel produces energy less than 1/3 as pollution as petroleum diesel.
Energy and Fuel from Hemp Stalks through Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis is the technique of applying high heat to biomass, or organic plants and tree matter, with little or no air. Reduced emissions from coal-fired power plants and automobiles can be accomplished by converting biomass to fuel utilizing pyrolysis technology. The process can produce, from lingo-cellulosic material (like the stalks of hemp), charcoal, gasoline, ethanol, non-condensable gasses, acetic acid, acetone, methane, and methanol. Process adjustments can be done to favor charcoal, pyrolytic oil, gas, or methanol, with 95.5% fuel-to-feed ratios. Around 68% of the energy of the raw biomass will be contained in the charcoal and fuel oils -- renewable energy generated here at home, instead of overpaying for foreign petroleum.
Pyrolysis facilities can run 3 shifts a day, and since pyrolysis facilities need to be within 50 miles of the energy crop to be cost effective, many new local and rural jobs will be created, not to mention the employment opportunities in trucking and transportation.
Hemp vs. Fossil Fuels
Pyrolysis facilities can use the same technology used now to process fossil fuel oil and coal. Petroleum coal and oil conversion is more efficient in terms of fuel-to-feed ratio, but there are many advantages to conversion by pyrolysis.
1) Biomass has a heating value of 5000-8000 BTU/lb, with virtually no ash or sulfur emissions.
2) Ethanol, methanol, methane gas, and gasoline can be derived from biomass at a fraction of the cost of the current cost of oil, coal, or nuclear energy, especially when environmental costs are factored in. Each acre of hemp could yield about 1000 gallons of methanol.
3) When an energy crop is growing, it takes carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air, and releases an equal amount when it is burned, creating a balanced system, unlike petroleum fuels, which only release CO2. When an energy crop like hemp is grown on a massive scale, it will initially lower the CO2 in the air, and then stabilize it at a level lower than before the planting of the energy crop.
4) Use of biomass would end acid rain, end sulfer-based smog, and reverse the greenhouse effect.
Hemp Produces the Most Biomass of Any Plant on Earth.
Hemp is at least four times richer in biomass/cellulose potential than its nearest rivals: cornstalks, sugarcane, kenaf, trees, etc.
Hemp produces the most biomass of any crop, which is why it is the natural choice for an energy crop. Hemp converts the sun's energy into cellulose faster than any other plant, through photosynthesis. Hemp can produce 10 tons of biomass per acre every four months. Enough energy could be produced on 6% of the land in the U.S. to provide enough energy for our entire country (cars, heat homes, electricity, industry) -- and we use 25% of the world's energy.
To put which in perspective, right now we pay farmers not to grow on 6% (around 90 million acres) of the farming land, while another 500 million acres of marginal farmland lies fallow. This land could be used to grow hemp as an energy crop.
Conclusion
The most important aspect of industrial hemp farming, the most compelling thing hemp offers us, is fuel. Right now we are depleting our reserves of petroleum and buying it up from other countries. It would be nice if we could have a fuel source which was reusable and which we could grow right here, making us completely energy independent.
Petroleum fuel increases carbon monoxide in the atmosphere and contributes heavily to global warming and the greenhouse effect, which could lead to global catastrophe in the next 50 years if these trends continue. Do you want to find out if they are right, or do you want to grow the most cost effective and environmentally safe fuel source on the planet?
Using hemp as an energy and rotation crop would be a great step in the right direction.
Hemp Seed Oil
Hemp seed oil has historically been used as lamp oil. It is said to shine the brightest of all lamp oils. Hemp seed oil lit the lamps of Abraham Lincoln, Abraham the prophet, and was used in the legendary lamps of Aladdin.
Anything which can be made from fossil fuels can be made from an organic substance like hemp. Toxic petrochemicals can be replaced with hemp oil.

Made in the 1950s by the Shell Oil Company, "RefineryProcess" goes behind the scenes at a huge oil refinery to show how crude oil is transformed into finished products. The film uses a combination of animation and live-action to present the story in a simple and entertaining style, how crude oil is separated into major fractions or "cuts". It then describes how complicated molecules are "cracked" into simpler molecules of the lighter, more valuable products by the application of heat and pressure.
This film is one of a series made by Shell as part of its public relations efforts. All the films in the series are well-made and use innovative techniques for their time. The company spent over $1 million dollars in the 1950s -- roughly $10 million in today's world -- on its film library.
An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful products such as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas. Oil refineries are typically large, sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units. In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can be thought of, as types of chemical plants. The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot (tank farm) at or near an oil refinery for the storage of incoming crude oil feedstock as well as bulk liquid products.
An oil refinery is considered an essential part of the downstream side of the petroleum industry.
We encourage viewers to add comments and, especially, to provide additional information about our videos by adding a comment! See something interesting? Tell people what it is and what they can see by writing something for example like: "01:00:12:00 -- President Roosevelt is seen meeting with Winston Churchill at the Quebec Conference."
This film is part of the PeriscopeFilmLLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD and 2k. For more information visit http://www.PeriscopeFilm.com

Made in the 1950s by the Shell Oil Company, "RefineryProcess" goes behind the scenes at a huge oil refinery to show how crude oil is transformed into finished products. The film uses a combination of animation and live-action to present the story in a simple and entertaining style, how crude oil is separated into major fractions or "cuts". It then describes how complicated molecules are "cracked" into simpler molecules of the lighter, more valuable products by the application of heat and pressure.
This film is one of a series made by Shell as part of its public relations efforts. All the films in the series are well-made and use innovative techniques for their time. The company spent over $1 million dollars in the 1950s -- roughly $10 million in today's world -- on its film library.
An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful products such as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas. Oil refineries are typically large, sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units. In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can be thought of, as types of chemical plants. The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot (tank farm) at or near an oil refinery for the storage of incoming crude oil feedstock as well as bulk liquid products.
An oil refinery is considered an essential part of the downstream side of the petroleum industry.
We encourage viewers to add comments and, especially, to provide additional information about our videos by adding a comment! See something interesting? Tell people what it is and what they can see by writing something for example like: "01:00:12:00 -- President Roosevelt is seen meeting with Winston Churchill at the Quebec Conference."
This film is part of the PeriscopeFilmLLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD and 2k. For more information visit http://www.PeriscopeFilm.com

Peak oil is the point in time when the maximum rate of petroleum extraction is reached, after which the rate of production is expected to enter terminal decline...

Peak oil is the point in time when the maximum rate of petroleum extraction is reached, after which the rate of production is expected to enter terminal decline. More Chomsky: https://www.amazon.com/gp/search?ie=UTF8&tag=tra0c7-20&linkCode=ur2&linkId=685da0c9f3d6ee8085f8c084206f56c8&camp=1789&creative=9325&index=books&keywords=chomsky
Global production of oil fell from a high point in 2005 at 74 mb/d, but has since rebounded setting new records in both 2011 and 2012. There is active debate as to when global peak oil will occur, how to measure peak oil, and whether peak oil production will be supply or demand driven.
The aggregate production rate from an oil field over time usually grows until the rate peaks and then declines—sometimes rapidly—until the field is depleted. This concept is derived from the Hubbert curve, and has been shown to sometimes be applicable to the sum of a nation's domestic production rate, and similarly to the global rate of petroleum production. However, the discovery of new fields, the development of new production techniques and the exploitation of unconventional supplies can disrupt this correlation. Peak oil is often confused with oil depletion; peak oil is the point of maximum production, while depletion refers to a period of falling reserves and supply.
M. King Hubbert created and first used the models behind peak oil in 1956 to accurately predict that United States oil production would peak between 1965 and 1971. His logistic model, now called Hubbert peak theory, and its variants have been used to describe and predict the peak and decline of production from regions, and countries, and has also proved useful in other limited-resource production-domains. According to the Hubbert model, the production rate of a limited resource will follow a roughly symmetrical logistic distribution curve (sometimes incorrectly compared to a bell-shaped curve) based on the limits of exploitability and market pressures.
Some observers, such as petroleum industry experts Kenneth S. Deffeyes and Matthew Simmons, predict negative global economy implications following a post-peak production decline—and oil price increase—due to the high dependence of most modern industrial transport, agricultural, and industrial systems on the low cost and high availability of oil. Predictions vary greatly as to what exactly these negative effects would be.
In 2008 oil prices reached a record high of $145/barrel. Governments sought alternatives to oil, particularly the use of ethanol, but that had the unintended consequence of creating higher food prices, particularly in the developing countries. Throughout the first two quarters of 2008, there were signs that a global recession was being made worse by a series of record oil prices.
Optimistic estimations of peak production forecast the global decline will begin after 2020, and assume major investments in alternatives will occur before a crisis, without requiring major changes in the lifestyle of heavily oil-consuming nations. These models show the price of oil at first escalating and then retreating as other types of fuel and energy sources are used. Pessimistic predictions of future oil production are that either the peak has already occurred, that oil production is on the cusp of the peak, or that it will occur shortly. In 2013 the International Energy Agency (IEA) projected that global oil production capacity would grow 8.4 mb/d over the next 5 years.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_oil
Global warming is the rise in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans since the late 19th century and its projected continuation. Since the early 20th century, Earth's mean surface temperature has increased by about 0.8 °C (1.4 °F), with about two-thirds of the increase occurring since 1980. Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and scientists are more than 90% certain that it is primarily caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. These findings are recognized by the national science academies of all major industrialized nations.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming

Peak oil is the point in time when the maximum rate of petroleum extraction is reached, after which the rate of production is expected to enter terminal decline. More Chomsky: https://www.amazon.com/gp/search?ie=UTF8&tag=tra0c7-20&linkCode=ur2&linkId=685da0c9f3d6ee8085f8c084206f56c8&camp=1789&creative=9325&index=books&keywords=chomsky
Global production of oil fell from a high point in 2005 at 74 mb/d, but has since rebounded setting new records in both 2011 and 2012. There is active debate as to when global peak oil will occur, how to measure peak oil, and whether peak oil production will be supply or demand driven.
The aggregate production rate from an oil field over time usually grows until the rate peaks and then declines—sometimes rapidly—until the field is depleted. This concept is derived from the Hubbert curve, and has been shown to sometimes be applicable to the sum of a nation's domestic production rate, and similarly to the global rate of petroleum production. However, the discovery of new fields, the development of new production techniques and the exploitation of unconventional supplies can disrupt this correlation. Peak oil is often confused with oil depletion; peak oil is the point of maximum production, while depletion refers to a period of falling reserves and supply.
M. King Hubbert created and first used the models behind peak oil in 1956 to accurately predict that United States oil production would peak between 1965 and 1971. His logistic model, now called Hubbert peak theory, and its variants have been used to describe and predict the peak and decline of production from regions, and countries, and has also proved useful in other limited-resource production-domains. According to the Hubbert model, the production rate of a limited resource will follow a roughly symmetrical logistic distribution curve (sometimes incorrectly compared to a bell-shaped curve) based on the limits of exploitability and market pressures.
Some observers, such as petroleum industry experts Kenneth S. Deffeyes and Matthew Simmons, predict negative global economy implications following a post-peak production decline—and oil price increase—due to the high dependence of most modern industrial transport, agricultural, and industrial systems on the low cost and high availability of oil. Predictions vary greatly as to what exactly these negative effects would be.
In 2008 oil prices reached a record high of $145/barrel. Governments sought alternatives to oil, particularly the use of ethanol, but that had the unintended consequence of creating higher food prices, particularly in the developing countries. Throughout the first two quarters of 2008, there were signs that a global recession was being made worse by a series of record oil prices.
Optimistic estimations of peak production forecast the global decline will begin after 2020, and assume major investments in alternatives will occur before a crisis, without requiring major changes in the lifestyle of heavily oil-consuming nations. These models show the price of oil at first escalating and then retreating as other types of fuel and energy sources are used. Pessimistic predictions of future oil production are that either the peak has already occurred, that oil production is on the cusp of the peak, or that it will occur shortly. In 2013 the International Energy Agency (IEA) projected that global oil production capacity would grow 8.4 mb/d over the next 5 years.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_oil
Global warming is the rise in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans since the late 19th century and its projected continuation. Since the early 20th century, Earth's mean surface temperature has increased by about 0.8 °C (1.4 °F), with about two-thirds of the increase occurring since 1980. Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and scientists are more than 90% certain that it is primarily caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. These findings are recognized by the national science academies of all major industrialized nations.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming

The Truth About "Fossil Fuel"...On the Flat Earth

Donate: http://www.gnosticmedia.com/donate/
Author: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWrBxNBk4w8
Episode241 is a very important discussion regarding oil and s...

Donate: http://www.gnosticmedia.com/donate/
Author: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWrBxNBk4w8
Episode241 is a very important discussion regarding oil and so-called “fossil fuels” and “peak oil”, with Greg Quinones, titled: “Abiogenic Petroleum: Peak Oil and “Fossil Fuels” – Debunked”.
This episode is being released for Thursday, December 03, 2015, and was recorded November 22.
Greg Quinones is a business consultant, writer, public speaker, trainer and teacher.
Greg is Founder and Managing ExecutivePartner of ZENEnhanced Oil Recovery (ZENEOR) a Texas based privately held limited liability company.
ZENEOR specializes in “out-of-the-box” thinking in oil production and process. Through extensive knowledge of the oil industry, they bring new innovations and technologies to market in order to help practical minded operators lower costs, improve efficiency and reduce environmental risks.
The Company’s mission is to help achieve higher revenues for industry investors and higher netbacks for producers, land owners, royalty owners and working interest owners.
In the past Greg has served as a leadership/sales trainer and marketing associate in the investment banking and venture capital industries for various private firms in New York City.
He began his career in investment banking by serving as an apprentice and marketing associate where he established relationships with suppliers, end-buyers and investors of various commodities such as food, fuel and oil, and more.

Donate: http://www.gnosticmedia.com/donate/
Author: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWrBxNBk4w8
Episode241 is a very important discussion regarding oil and so-called “fossil fuels” and “peak oil”, with Greg Quinones, titled: “Abiogenic Petroleum: Peak Oil and “Fossil Fuels” – Debunked”.
This episode is being released for Thursday, December 03, 2015, and was recorded November 22.
Greg Quinones is a business consultant, writer, public speaker, trainer and teacher.
Greg is Founder and Managing ExecutivePartner of ZENEnhanced Oil Recovery (ZENEOR) a Texas based privately held limited liability company.
ZENEOR specializes in “out-of-the-box” thinking in oil production and process. Through extensive knowledge of the oil industry, they bring new innovations and technologies to market in order to help practical minded operators lower costs, improve efficiency and reduce environmental risks.
The Company’s mission is to help achieve higher revenues for industry investors and higher netbacks for producers, land owners, royalty owners and working interest owners.
In the past Greg has served as a leadership/sales trainer and marketing associate in the investment banking and venture capital industries for various private firms in New York City.
He began his career in investment banking by serving as an apprentice and marketing associate where he established relationships with suppliers, end-buyers and investors of various commodities such as food, fuel and oil, and more.

CLICK HERE - http://activeterium.com/1DCR - FOR MORE FREE DOCUMENTARIES
InsideOil Tankers - Documentary FilmsAll over the world, tanker operations are constantly moving. Oil tankers are ships specially designed for the bulk transport of either unrefined crude oil or petrochemicals. Their size classes can range from coastal or inland tankers of a few thousand metric tons of deadweight (DWT) to a colossal amount of 550,000 DWT. These giant specialized ships transport approximately two billion metric tons of oil across the sea every year.
Crude oil is one of the world's most consumed sources of energy. Oil tankers, therefore, play a significant role in the way the country operates. Because of the products they are built to carry, without proper maintenance, these mammoth ships of black gold can also pose a threat on the environment.
To ensure that an oil tanker does not severely impact the environment, oil companies must employ an expert and highly experienced ship management service to oversee tanker operations. They must also routinely check their oil tankers for maintenance purposes. Fixing the smallest dent, scratch or crack can mean the difference between safe sailing across miles of seawater and a devastating oil spill.
On board the ship, safety measures should be strictly imposed. Because of the hazardous - and often flammable - nature of the materials being transported, the possession of flammable objects should be avoided if not prohibited entirely to avoid accidents, which can threaten the lives of the people on the ship, as well as the surrounding marine life.
Whether at sea or anchored at a dock, tanker operations and safety measures should still be strictly implemented to prevent the ship from negatively affecting the environment.

CLICK HERE - http://activeterium.com/1DCR - FOR MORE FREE DOCUMENTARIES
InsideOil Tankers - Documentary FilmsAll over the world, tanker operations are constantly moving. Oil tankers are ships specially designed for the bulk transport of either unrefined crude oil or petrochemicals. Their size classes can range from coastal or inland tankers of a few thousand metric tons of deadweight (DWT) to a colossal amount of 550,000 DWT. These giant specialized ships transport approximately two billion metric tons of oil across the sea every year.
Crude oil is one of the world's most consumed sources of energy. Oil tankers, therefore, play a significant role in the way the country operates. Because of the products they are built to carry, without proper maintenance, these mammoth ships of black gold can also pose a threat on the environment.
To ensure that an oil tanker does not severely impact the environment, oil companies must employ an expert and highly experienced ship management service to oversee tanker operations. They must also routinely check their oil tankers for maintenance purposes. Fixing the smallest dent, scratch or crack can mean the difference between safe sailing across miles of seawater and a devastating oil spill.
On board the ship, safety measures should be strictly imposed. Because of the hazardous - and often flammable - nature of the materials being transported, the possession of flammable objects should be avoided if not prohibited entirely to avoid accidents, which can threaten the lives of the people on the ship, as well as the surrounding marine life.
Whether at sea or anchored at a dock, tanker operations and safety measures should still be strictly implemented to prevent the ship from negatively affecting the environment.

Oil and gas companies are facing major technological disruption

Pressure to reduce carbon emissions is putting the future of fossil fuel giants in jeopardy. Their survival plans involve carbon storage and floating wind farms. Meanwhile, one small German village is showing how large companies aren't always essential.
Click here to subscribe to The Economist on YouTube: http://econ.trib.al/rWl91R7
Over 80% of the world's energy needs are provided by coal, oil and gas. Although technologies to extract fossil fuels may have changed over the decades, the core products themselves have never been challenged. Until now.
Pressure to reduce carbon emissions is putting the future of fossil fuel giants in jeopardy. Encouraging the growth of alternative methods to generate and distribute power.
In just eight years, the value of the world's biggest power companies has halved. Leaving industry giants scrambling to redefine their role in this new energy world. Across the world, old industries are facing disruption on an unprecedented scale. The pressure to adapt has never been greater.
Known as the Paris Accord, 195 countries agreed to a legally binding climate deal to reduce carbon emissions. This 5 trillion dollar industry may be facing a seismic shift but that doesn't mean it's ready to ditch the dirty fossil fuels that made it rich. Instead, many companies are banking on new methods to clean up an old process. Norwegian oil and gas giant, Statoil, struck it rich in the North Sea in the late 1960s. Over four decades later, at its Sleipner gas rig, the company is attempting to make fossil fuel production cleaner.
Statoil's business still relies on the harmful burning of fossil fuels by its customers but at least the company is trying to reduce its own carbon footprint. It's transformed some of its offshore rigs with technology that enables engineers to separate the carbon dioxide and pump it underground. Statoil's Sleipner gas rig is the world's first offshore carbon capture storage plant.
Each year, Statoil stores 1 million tonnes of CO2 making extraction less carbon intensive. They believe that prioritising gas over more harmful fossil fuels will further reduce global warming and keep them relevant for decades to come.
Wind and solar are cleaner but depend on subsidies. To take on the consistency of fossil fuels they face a huge challenge - The unpredictable weather. In Bavaria, a tiny village has used those subsidies to take up the challenge. This community believes it's found a way to produce a steady energy supply just from renewable sources, raising the real prospect of a future free from fossil fuels. Norbert and Kristina Bechteler's family farm has been providing the local community with dairy products for over 200 years but they now have a new income from solar energy.
Producing your own energy with solar panels isn't revolutionary but in this village, they're combining solar with other renewables in an attempt to achieve the Holy Grail of a steady energy supply. And they're prepared to use anything to do it. The Deputy Mayor has helped drive the village's pioneering efforts to make renewable energy a realistic option.
There's one renewable that never disappears as it can be sourced from the decay of virtually any organic matter and it's called biogas. Of the four biogas plants in the village, Farmer Einsiedler runs the largest. Combining these different sources has been so successful the village now generates five times more energy than it needs. But that is just part of the challenge of turning renewables into a credible energy supply.
The Disrupters is an original series exploring how major industries – from music and cars to hospitality – are currently being disrupted by the latest wave of digital innovation. As well as enjoying privileged access into the world biggest tech start ups we show how industry giants respond when faced with such tech-driven innovation - do they adapt - or die?
Check out Economist Films: http://films.economist.com/
Check out The Economist’s full video catalogue: http://econ.st/20IehQk
Like The Economist on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TheEconomist/
Follow The Economist on Twitter: https://twitter.com/theeconomist
Read our Tumblr: http://theeconomist.tumblr.com/
Follow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/theeconomist/
Check out our Pinterest: https://uk.pinterest.com/theeconomist/
Follow us on LINE: http://econ.st/1WXkOo6

3:33

Learn Oil and Gas with Animations

- Like our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oilvips -
Oil and gas are generated from a s...

Learn Oil and Gas with Animations

- Like our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oilvips -
Oil and gas are generated from a source rock, organic matter buried in the depths of the earth. Once formed, they climb back towards the surface. On their way, cap rocks can impede their progress and they accumulate in reservoir rocks. Here they constitute hydrocarbon fields, which can be identified by interpreting seismic data (a sort of echography).
The data is obtained with the help of a seismic ship. To confirm the interpretations of seismic data, two types of drilling gear exist. Each is adapted to a range of depth of water (down to more than 2500 meters). The platform seen here is a semi-submersible, which floats and retains its stabilised position by means of anchors fixed on the seabed.
Platforms at sea are used not only for drilling but also for the production of hydrocarbons. This production consists of the separation of oil, gas and water, before the oil and gas is taken by pipeline towards a mainland terminal. Where it is impossible or too expensive to link the field to the coast by a pipeline, an FPSO ship is used (Floating Production Storage and Offloading barge). Onboard, the hydrocarbons and the water are separated. The oil is stored prior to being loaded on tankers and the gas is re-injected into the reservoir rocks. Gas from a field is taken to land through an underground gasoduct to a processing plant.
There, if the gas is to be transported by sea, it is converted into liquid obtained by cooling it down to --163°C. When it arrives at the plant terminal, the liquid natural gas (LNG) is returned to its gaseous state in a re-gasification plant, before being introduced into the local gasoduct network. The LNG is stored in tanks before re-gasification. The crude oil is transported in a petroleum tanker, the capacity of which can attain 200 000 tons. It is commonly called a "super- tanker". The terminals capable of receiving such giants are few and far between. The ships used to transport the crude oil produced on an FPSO ship are of a much smaller capacity. The crude oil, before being refined, is stored in the port in the large capacity tanks.
The natural gas is preserved in reservoirs (artificial or natural). It is ready to be injected by pumping into the gasoduct network for industrial and domestic use or as fuel in power-generating stations. As far as the crude oil goes, it is transported by oleoduct to the refinery. There it undergoes a number of transformations and blending. A variety of finished products are obtained (LPG, petrol, kerosene, diesel ...), or naphtha, which will be used as the basis for the composition of plastic products by complex petroleum chemistry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Like our Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/oilvips
Twitter: https://twitter.com/oilvips
And Don't forget to subscribe to our channel

9:23

Fundamentals of Upstream Oil and Gas

Oil 101 - A FREE Introduction to the Oil and Gas Industry
I this first of 10 modules, we ...

Fundamentals of Upstream Oil and Gas

Oil 101 - A FREEIntroduction to the Oil and GasIndustry
I this first of 10 modules, we introduce the learner to some key fundamentals of the Upstream segment of the oil and gas industry.
The full Oil 101 course includes:
+Introduction to Upstream
+Introduction to Midstream
+Introduction to Downstream
+Introduction to Exploration
+Introduction to Drilling
+Introduction to Production
+Introduction to Natural Gas
+Introduction to Refining
+Introduction to Supply and Trading
+Introduction to Petroleum Product Marketing
Learn More about Oil 101:
http://www.ektinteractive.com/
http://www.ektinteractive.com/oil-101/
So, What is Upstream?
Most oil and gas companies’ business structures are organized according to business segment, assets, or function.
The upstream segment of oil and gas is also known as exploration and production, or E&P because it encompasses activities related to searching for, recovering, and producing crude oil and natural gas.
Upstream is all about wells, where to locate them; how deep and how far to drill them; and how to design, construct, operate and manage them to deliver the greatest possible return on investment with the lightest, safest and smallest operational footprint.
In fact, the E&P sector should probably be called the EDP sector - because “you can’t find oil if you don’t drill wells.”
Exploration
Obtaining the Lease
Let’s start with exploration which involves the operator obtaining a lease and permission to drill from the owner of onshore or offshore acreage thought to contain oil or gas.
Then the operator must conduct geological and geophysical surveys to select the first well site to explore for, and hopefully find, economic accumulations of oil or gas.
This well is often called a “wildcat well.”
Drilling is physically creating the “borehole” in the ground that will eventually become a productive oil or gas well.
This work is typically done by rig contractors and service companies in the Oilfield Services business sector. On a wellsite, there can be as many as 30-40 different service contractors providing expertise to the operator.
Wells can be relatively simple or unbelievably complex. Wells can totally vertical for miles or both deep and horizontal.
There are also highly complex “J” and “S” configured wells with numerous branches, or laterals, emanating from the original, or “mother”, hole. These are called “deviated wells.”
Production
Finally, let’s discuss production, where reserves are “converted to cash” by maximizing the recovery of hydrocarbons from subsurface reservoirs. Essentially, production is efficiently bringing the hydrocarbons to the surface and treating them as needed to make them marketable.
So that’s the basics of E&P. We will drill deeper into each of these operations in the complete Oil 101 course at a later date. Now, let’s talk about unconventional resources, clearly the hottest topic in oil and gas over the last decade.
Unconventional Future of Oil and Gas
Unconventional resources are defined as any resource extracted, or produced, by any method other than the traditional vertical or slightly deviated well.
The three main sources of technological breakthroughs that have made unconventional developments profitable include:
Horizontal drillingHydraulic fracturing
Subsea engineering (especially deep water production)

5:12

How Algae Could Change The Fossil Fuel Industry

Watch the next video to learn more about the science of algae fuel: https://www.youtube.co...

How Algae Could Change The Fossil Fuel Industry

Watch the next video to learn more about the science of algae fuel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ExOXF1x3N1g
Subscribe! https://www.youtube.com/c/seekerstories?sub_confirmation=1
Join the Seeker community!
Twitter: https://twitter.com/SeekerNetwork
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Seeker-Network/872690716088418?ref=hl
Instagram: http://instagram.com/seekernetwork
Tumblr: http://seekernetwork.tumblr.com
App - iOS http://seekernetwork.com/ios
App - Android http://seekernetwork.com/android
Great strides have been made in recent years towards using renewable sources of energy, like electric vehicles, solar panels, wind energy and even algae. It might seem surprising, but algae is one of the most powerful sources of energy we have access to on Earth. When dried algae is ground into a powder and refined, oil can be extracted from it. The result is nearly identical to traditional gasoline, but with far more benefits.
Dave Hazlebeck, CEO of Global Algae Innovations, gave Seeker a tour of his algae farm in Kauai, Hawaii, and explained how his company is revolutionizing sustainable energy. "The fuel that we're producing is exactly the same in terms of performance as gasoline or diesel or jet, it's just a lot cleaner. I think the big difference is that [with] all the other biofuels, you're growing it and you're just getting biofuel. In this case, for every gallon of biofuel you get 10 pounds of food with it," Hazlebeck said.
Hazlebeck believes his company is on the path to completely change the way we currently produce both oil and food. Not only can algae create biofuel, it can also be used to create animal feed. Currently, most animal and fish feed is made from corn or soy, which both use more water and energy to grow than algae.
"There's studies that show with algae grown to replace animal feed, you could actually solve global warming to a large extent," Hazlebeck told Seeker.
Algae can be used to create food for humans as well. New Wave Foods in Northern California created fake shrimp made from algae and other plants that actually looks, smells and even tastes like real shrimp. Because it's made from algae, the shrimp substitute also has the added benefit of being low in fat and extremely rich in nutrients, something that corn and soy are severely lacking.
Growing algae for oil and food could also significantly reduce deforestation. According to Scientific American, the yields from algae are far more significant than crops like corn or soy. If all the fuel in the country was replaced with biofuel from corn, we would need a facility three times the size of the continental U.S. to produce it. But for algae, we would need a facility the size of Maryland. Additionally, algae can produce 40 times more food per acre than traditional crops.
While showing the Seeker team around GAI's Hawaii facility, Hazlebeck explained that the algae farm is next to a power plant, which puts it in a very unique position. "[It] allows us to capture carbon dioxide and avoid that discharge and reuse it, and that prevents it from going into the atmosphere and causing global warming," he said. "If every power plant had an algae farm next to it, it could potentially solve the global warming issue entirely."
The environmental benefits of algae are impressive, and because algae can grow in both freshwater and seawater, it's also very easy to produce. So, does that mean we'll all be filling our cars with algae gas at the pumps very soon?
Not just yet. Hazlebeck and his team have run into a few setbacks since they began scaling up their operations. The most prohibitive issue has been the cost.
When Global Algae Innovations began, a gallon of oil produced from algae was about $30 a gallon -- 10 times higher than it needs to be to work as a viable alternative to fossil fuel. But Hazlebeck and his team didn't give up, and they've continued to come up with solutions to decrease the cost. As of now, they almost have algae oil down to only $2 - $3 a gallon.
Once GAI can get their algae production up to scale, Hazlebeck believes it will change the geopolitics of the world. "A lot of the reasons we have wars are because of fights over resources or the need for more resources. By creating a more equitable distribution with countries being able to make their own, it should lead to a more stable and peaceful world," he told Seeker.
That's really the point of it all for Hazlebeck and GAI. They don't want to be the only company doing this; they want everyone working together because they truly believe using algae as a fuel and food source will change the world.
Executive Producer: Laura LingProducers: Paige Keipper (Hansen), Conor Spicer
Cinematographers: Matthew Piniol Spencer Snider
Editor: Lee Mould

Crude Oil Fractions and their uses | The Chemistry Journey | The Fuse School

Learn the basics about the uses of crude oil fractions. Before watching this video you should watch our video explaining how crude oil is separated into it's different length hydrocarbon fractions by utilising the different boiling points of each hydrocarbon fraction.
At FuseSchool, teachers and animators come together to make fun & easy-to-understand videos in Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Maths & ICT. Our OER are available free of charge to anyone. Make sure to subscribe - we are going to create 3000 more!
Fuse School is currently running the Chemistry Journey project - a Chemistry Education project by The Fuse School sponsored by Fuse. These videos can be used in a flipped classroom model or as a revision aid. Find our other Chemistry videos here:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLW0gavSzhMlReKGMVfUt6YuNQsO0bqSMV
Be sure to follow our social media for the latest videos and information!
Twitter: https://twitter.com/fuseschool
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/fuseschool
Google+: http://www.gplus.to/FuseSchool
Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/virtualschooluk
Email: info@fuseschool.org
Website: www.fuseschool.org
This video is distributed under a Creative Commons License:
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs CC BY-NC-ND

3:40

Electric Cars Could Wreak Havoc on Oil Markets Within a Decade

There are more than one billion cars on the road worldwide today, and only one tenth of on...

Electric Cars Could Wreak Havoc on Oil Markets Within a Decade

There are more than one billion cars on the road worldwide today, and only one tenth of one percent of them have a plug. OPEC contends that even in the year 2040, EVs will make up just one percent. But don't be so sure. By 2020, some electric cars and SUVs will be faster, safer, cheaper, and more convenient than their gasoline counterparts. What if people just stop buying oil? In the first episode of our animated series, Sooner Than You Think, Bloomberg's Tom Randall does the math on when oil markets might be headed for the big crash.
----------
Like this video? Subscribe to Bloomberg on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/Bloomberg?sub_confirmation=1
Bloomberg is the FirstWord in business news, delivering breaking news & analysis, up-to-the-minute market data, features, profiles and more: http://www.bloomberg.com
Connect with us on...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/business
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/bloombergbusiness
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/bloombergbusiness/

Greenpeace's Charlie Kronick says companies are providing investors with flawed assessments about the development of green technologies and possibly of government intervention in climate change
Visithttp://therealnews.com for more stories and help support our work by donating at http://therealnews.com/donate.

40:10

Video: Understand the Oil & Gas Supply Chain

To do business with Shell, WMBEs must understand how the oil and gas supply chain works. S...

Video: Understand the Oil & Gas Supply Chain

To do business with Shell, WMBEs must understand how the oil and gas supply chain works. Supplier Diversity Manager Debra Stewart tells you everything you need to know. Visit twicemediaproductions.com/shell to watch more videos.

1:14

We are GE Oil & Gas. We fuel the future.

See how GE is fueling the future, as oil and gas both continue to play a critical role in ...

We are GE Oil & Gas. We fuel the future.

See how GE is fueling the future, as oil and gas both continue to play a critical role in the energy industry.
GE has been the industry leader for over 120 years. As the world’s first digital industrial company, we work to master some of the most complex challenges. Through partnership with our customers and access to the best of GE, we help reduce equipment downtime, optimize assets and build new business models; using the best minds and the best machines.
We areGE Oil & Gas. We fuel the future.
Find out more about us at https://www.geoilandgas.com/.

2:53

Malaysian palm oil enters the alternative fuel industry

The cost of palm oil has risen dramaticsally amid European demands for alternative fuels.
...

Crude Oil Distillation Process Part 1

An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful petroleum products, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas. Oil refineries are typically large sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units. In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can be thought of as types of chemical plants. The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot (tank farm) at or near an oil refinery for storage of bulk liquid products.

3:21

How does an oil refinery work? How is crude oil transformed into everyday usable products?

The purpose of an oil refinery is to turn crude oil into products that are fit for end-use...

How does an oil refinery work? How is crude oil transformed into everyday usable products?

The purpose of an oil refinery is to turn crude oil into products that are fit for end-use, in the quantities that are required by the market.
Watch our video and explore the animation to follow the transformation process, from crude oil to end product, and discover what makes European modern refineries truly competitive today.
http://www.fuelseurope.eu/

Video: Understand the Oil & Gas Supply Chain

To do business with Shell, WMBEs must understand how the oil and gas supply chain works. Supplier Diversity Manager Debra Stewart tells you everything you need to know. Visit twicemediaproductions.com/shell to watch more videos.

33:23

The Oil and Gas Industry in India: Past and Future Trends

India was the fourth-largest consumer of crude oil and petroleum products in the world in ...

The Oil and Gas Industry in India: Past and Future Trends

India was the fourth-largest consumer of crude oil and petroleum products in the world in 2013, after the United States, China, and Japan. The country depends heavily on imported crude oil, mostly from the Middle East. The aim of the new government is to source as much domestic production as it can and further bid rounds to attract new investments. There have been significant successes in the past in India by ONGC, GSPC, Reliance and Cairn Energy in finding domestic oil and gas from conventional resources. What else can be done to help fuel India’s demand for new sources of energy? Dr MikeWatts led the exploration efforts of the London listed Cairn Energy PLC for over more than 20 years in South Asia and will share his experiences during this address.
Speaker:
Dr. Mike Watts, DeputyChief Executive, Cairn Energy PLC

43:38

Lecture 18 - Oil and Gas

If you experience any technical difficulties with this video or would like to make an acce...

Lecture 18 - Oil and Gas

If you experience any technical difficulties with this video or would like to make an accessibility-related request, please send a message to digicomm@uchicago.edu.
This 10-week course for non-science majors focuses on a single problem: assessing the risk of human-caused climate change. The story ranges from physics to chemistry, biology, geology, fluid mechanics, and quantum mechanics, to economics and social sciences. The class will consider evidence from the distant past and projections into the distant future, keeping the human time scale of the next several centuries as the bottom line. The lectures follow a textbook, "Global Warming, Understanding the Forecast," written for the course.
For information about the textbook, interactive models, and more, visit: http://forecast.uchicago.edu/

41:44

Disruptive Oil Futures

What if oil companies' biggest threat came not from dropping prices, but from disappearing...

Disruptive Oil Futures

What if oil companies' biggest threat came not from dropping prices, but from disappearing demand? In this talk, originally delivered at the OsloEnergyForum on 17 February2015, Amory Lovins explains the different trends facing oil and gas industry executives.

HEMP 4 FUEL - 95% Cleaner than Fossil Fuel / No C02 Emission !!!!

GROWHEMP 4 GASOLINE / FUEL / GAS
Go Green With Hemp
Create100 MillionGREENJOBS in 6 months
Hemp Seed Oil Biodiesel fuel
Hemp seed oil can be used as is in bio-diesel engines. Methyl esters, or bio-diesel, can be made from any oil or fat including hemp seed oil. The reaction requires the oil, an alcohol (usually methanol), and a catalyst, which produces bio-diesel and small amount of glycerol or glycerin. When co-fired with 15% methanol, bio-diesel fuel produces energy less than 1/3 as pollution as petroleum diesel.
Energy and Fuel from Hemp Stalks through Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis is the technique of applying high heat to biomass, or organic plants and tree matter, with little or no air. Reduced emissions from coal-fired power plants and automobiles can be accomplished by converting biomass to fuel utilizing pyrolysis technology. The process can produce, from lingo-cellulosic material (like the stalks of hemp), charcoal, gasoline, ethanol, non-condensable gasses, acetic acid, acetone, methane, and methanol. Process adjustments can be done to favor charcoal, pyrolytic oil, gas, or methanol, with 95.5% fuel-to-feed ratios. Around 68% of the energy of the raw biomass will be contained in the charcoal and fuel oils -- renewable energy generated here at home, instead of overpaying for foreign petroleum.
Pyrolysis facilities can run 3 shifts a day, and since pyrolysis facilities need to be within 50 miles of the energy crop to be cost effective, many new local and rural jobs will be created, not to mention the employment opportunities in trucking and transportation.
Hemp vs. Fossil Fuels
Pyrolysis facilities can use the same technology used now to process fossil fuel oil and coal. Petroleum coal and oil conversion is more efficient in terms of fuel-to-feed ratio, but there are many advantages to conversion by pyrolysis.
1) Biomass has a heating value of 5000-8000 BTU/lb, with virtually no ash or sulfur emissions.
2) Ethanol, methanol, methane gas, and gasoline can be derived from biomass at a fraction of the cost of the current cost of oil, coal, or nuclear energy, especially when environmental costs are factored in. Each acre of hemp could yield about 1000 gallons of methanol.
3) When an energy crop is growing, it takes carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air, and releases an equal amount when it is burned, creating a balanced system, unlike petroleum fuels, which only release CO2. When an energy crop like hemp is grown on a massive scale, it will initially lower the CO2 in the air, and then stabilize it at a level lower than before the planting of the energy crop.
4) Use of biomass would end acid rain, end sulfer-based smog, and reverse the greenhouse effect.
Hemp Produces the Most Biomass of Any Plant on Earth.
Hemp is at least four times richer in biomass/cellulose potential than its nearest rivals: cornstalks, sugarcane, kenaf, trees, etc.
Hemp produces the most biomass of any crop, which is why it is the natural choice for an energy crop. Hemp converts the sun's energy into cellulose faster than any other plant, through photosynthesis. Hemp can produce 10 tons of biomass per acre every four months. Enough energy could be produced on 6% of the land in the U.S. to provide enough energy for our entire country (cars, heat homes, electricity, industry) -- and we use 25% of the world's energy.
To put which in perspective, right now we pay farmers not to grow on 6% (around 90 million acres) of the farming land, while another 500 million acres of marginal farmland lies fallow. This land could be used to grow hemp as an energy crop.
Conclusion
The most important aspect of industrial hemp farming, the most compelling thing hemp offers us, is fuel. Right now we are depleting our reserves of petroleum and buying it up from other countries. It would be nice if we could have a fuel source which was reusable and which we could grow right here, making us completely energy independent.
Petroleum fuel increases carbon monoxide in the atmosphere and contributes heavily to global warming and the greenhouse effect, which could lead to global catastrophe in the next 50 years if these trends continue. Do you want to find out if they are right, or do you want to grow the most cost effective and environmentally safe fuel source on the planet?
Using hemp as an energy and rotation crop would be a great step in the right direction.
Hemp Seed Oil
Hemp seed oil has historically been used as lamp oil. It is said to shine the brightest of all lamp oils. Hemp seed oil lit the lamps of Abraham Lincoln, Abraham the prophet, and was used in the legendary lamps of Aladdin.
Anything which can be made from fossil fuels can be made from an organic substance like hemp. Toxic petrochemicals can be replaced with hemp oil.

HOW AN OIL REFINERY WORKS SHELL OIL HISTORIC FILM 71862

Made in the 1950s by the Shell Oil Company, "RefineryProcess" goes behind the scenes at a huge oil refinery to show how crude oil is transformed into finished products. The film uses a combination of animation and live-action to present the story in a simple and entertaining style, how crude oil is separated into major fractions or "cuts". It then describes how complicated molecules are "cracked" into simpler molecules of the lighter, more valuable products by the application of heat and pressure.
This film is one of a series made by Shell as part of its public relations efforts. All the films in the series are well-made and use innovative techniques for their time. The company spent over $1 million dollars in the 1950s -- roughly $10 million in today's world -- on its film library.
An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful products such as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas. Oil refineries are typically large, sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units. In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can be thought of, as types of chemical plants. The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot (tank farm) at or near an oil refinery for the storage of incoming crude oil feedstock as well as bulk liquid products.
An oil refinery is considered an essential part of the downstream side of the petroleum industry.
We encourage viewers to add comments and, especially, to provide additional information about our videos by adding a comment! See something interesting? Tell people what it is and what they can see by writing something for example like: "01:00:12:00 -- President Roosevelt is seen meeting with Winston Churchill at the Quebec Conference."
This film is part of the PeriscopeFilmLLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD and 2k. For more information visit http://www.PeriscopeFilm.com

1:31:15

The Future of Natural Gas in Europe

The Center on Global Energy Policy brought together an expert panel to discuss the future ...

Peak oil is the point in time when the maximum rate of petroleum extraction is reached, after which the rate of production is expected to enter terminal decline. More Chomsky: https://www.amazon.com/gp/search?ie=UTF8&tag=tra0c7-20&linkCode=ur2&linkId=685da0c9f3d6ee8085f8c084206f56c8&camp=1789&creative=9325&index=books&keywords=chomsky
Global production of oil fell from a high point in 2005 at 74 mb/d, but has since rebounded setting new records in both 2011 and 2012. There is active debate as to when global peak oil will occur, how to measure peak oil, and whether peak oil production will be supply or demand driven.
The aggregate production rate from an oil field over time usually grows until the rate peaks and then declines—sometimes rapidly—until the field is depleted. This concept is derived from the Hubbert curve, and has been shown to sometimes be applicable to the sum of a nation's domestic production rate, and similarly to the global rate of petroleum production. However, the discovery of new fields, the development of new production techniques and the exploitation of unconventional supplies can disrupt this correlation. Peak oil is often confused with oil depletion; peak oil is the point of maximum production, while depletion refers to a period of falling reserves and supply.
M. King Hubbert created and first used the models behind peak oil in 1956 to accurately predict that United States oil production would peak between 1965 and 1971. His logistic model, now called Hubbert peak theory, and its variants have been used to describe and predict the peak and decline of production from regions, and countries, and has also proved useful in other limited-resource production-domains. According to the Hubbert model, the production rate of a limited resource will follow a roughly symmetrical logistic distribution curve (sometimes incorrectly compared to a bell-shaped curve) based on the limits of exploitability and market pressures.
Some observers, such as petroleum industry experts Kenneth S. Deffeyes and Matthew Simmons, predict negative global economy implications following a post-peak production decline—and oil price increase—due to the high dependence of most modern industrial transport, agricultural, and industrial systems on the low cost and high availability of oil. Predictions vary greatly as to what exactly these negative effects would be.
In 2008 oil prices reached a record high of $145/barrel. Governments sought alternatives to oil, particularly the use of ethanol, but that had the unintended consequence of creating higher food prices, particularly in the developing countries. Throughout the first two quarters of 2008, there were signs that a global recession was being made worse by a series of record oil prices.
Optimistic estimations of peak production forecast the global decline will begin after 2020, and assume major investments in alternatives will occur before a crisis, without requiring major changes in the lifestyle of heavily oil-consuming nations. These models show the price of oil at first escalating and then retreating as other types of fuel and energy sources are used. Pessimistic predictions of future oil production are that either the peak has already occurred, that oil production is on the cusp of the peak, or that it will occur shortly. In 2013 the International Energy Agency (IEA) projected that global oil production capacity would grow 8.4 mb/d over the next 5 years.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_oil
Global warming is the rise in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans since the late 19th century and its projected continuation. Since the early 20th century, Earth's mean surface temperature has increased by about 0.8 °C (1.4 °F), with about two-thirds of the increase occurring since 1980. Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and scientists are more than 90% certain that it is primarily caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. These findings are recognized by the national science academies of all major industrialized nations.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming

The Truth About "Fossil Fuel"...On the Flat Earth

Donate: http://www.gnosticmedia.com/donate/
Author: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWrBxNBk4w8
Episode241 is a very important discussion regarding oil and so-called “fossil fuels” and “peak oil”, with Greg Quinones, titled: “Abiogenic Petroleum: Peak Oil and “Fossil Fuels” – Debunked”.
This episode is being released for Thursday, December 03, 2015, and was recorded November 22.
Greg Quinones is a business consultant, writer, public speaker, trainer and teacher.
Greg is Founder and Managing ExecutivePartner of ZENEnhanced Oil Recovery (ZENEOR) a Texas based privately held limited liability company.
ZENEOR specializes in “out-of-the-box” thinking in oil production and process. Through extensive knowledge of the oil industry, they bring new innovations and technologies to market in order to help practical minded operators lower costs, improve efficiency and reduce environmental risks.
The Company’s mission is to help achieve higher revenues for industry investors and higher netbacks for producers, land owners, royalty owners and working interest owners.
In the past Greg has served as a leadership/sales trainer and marketing associate in the investment banking and venture capital industries for various private firms in New York City.
He began his career in investment banking by serving as an apprentice and marketing associate where he established relationships with suppliers, end-buyers and investors of various commodities such as food, fuel and oil, and more.

Inside Oil Tankers - Documentary Films

CLICK HERE - http://activeterium.com/1DCR - FOR MORE FREE DOCUMENTARIES
InsideOil Tankers - Documentary FilmsAll over the world, tanker operations are constantly moving. Oil tankers are ships specially designed for the bulk transport of either unrefined crude oil or petrochemicals. Their size classes can range from coastal or inland tankers of a few thousand metric tons of deadweight (DWT) to a colossal amount of 550,000 DWT. These giant specialized ships transport approximately two billion metric tons of oil across the sea every year.
Crude oil is one of the world's most consumed sources of energy. Oil tankers, therefore, play a significant role in the way the country operates. Because of the products they are built to carry, without proper maintenance, these mammoth ships of black gold can also pose a threat on the environment.
To ensure that an oil tanker does not severely impact the environment, oil companies must employ an expert and highly experienced ship management service to oversee tanker operations. They must also routinely check their oil tankers for maintenance purposes. Fixing the smallest dent, scratch or crack can mean the difference between safe sailing across miles of seawater and a devastating oil spill.
On board the ship, safety measures should be strictly imposed. Because of the hazardous - and often flammable - nature of the materials being transported, the possession of flammable objects should be avoided if not prohibited entirely to avoid accidents, which can threaten the lives of the people on the ship, as well as the surrounding marine life.
Whether at sea or anchored at a dock, tanker operations and safety measures should still be strictly implemented to prevent the ship from negatively affecting the environment.

Video: Understand the Oil & Gas Supply Chain...

The Oil and Gas Industry in India: Past and Future...

Lecture 18 - Oil and Gas...

Disruptive Oil Futures...

HEMP 4 FUEL - 95% Cleaner than Fossil Fuel / No C0...

Economics of Midstream Oil and Gas Pipelines...

The Future of Oil...

HOW AN OIL REFINERY WORKS SHELL OIL HISTORIC FIL...

The Future of Natural Gas in Europe...

Noam Chomsky on Peak Oil, Economics, Financial Mar...

The Truth About "Fossil Fuel"...On the Flat Earth...

Conspiracy! Oil is an Inorganic Mineral. OIL IS NO...

THE DIRTY TRUTH ABOUT OIL - NOT A FOSSIL FUEL...

Inside Oil Tankers - Documentary Films...

It turns out that a theory explaining how we might detect parallel universes and prediction for the end of the world was proposed and completed by physicist Stephen Hawking shortly before he died ... &nbsp;. According to reports, the work predicts that the universe would eventually end when stars run out of energy ... ....

Article by WN.Com Correspondent Dallas DarlingIt wasn’t very long ago Republicans were accusing Democrats of either paying a few dollars to the homeless for votes or giving them a pack of cigarettes. But with Donald Trump, it’s obvious he paid $130,000 to an adult-film star in exchange for her silence last October and just before the general election ... Was the payment from his own account – or from a lawyer – or from campaign donations....

Using e-cigarettes may lead to an accumulation of fat in the liver, a study of mice exposed to the devices suggests. “The popularity of electronic cigarettes has been rapidly increasing in part because of advertisements that they are safer than conventional cigarettes ... Friedman of Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science in Los Angeles, California ... Circadian rhythm dysfunction is known to accelerate liver disease....

search tools

You can search using any combination of the items listed below.

IndianOilCorporationLimited (IOCL), India's largest fuel retailer, has started&nbsp;a first-of-its-kind scheme that will get diesel delivered at home... However, PESO, which works under the department of industrial policy and promotion, issued a circular to state-run oil marketing companies and private retailers to stop selling fuel to the start-up citing "safety" concerns....

Privatefuel retailers like Rosneft-owned EssarOil and RelianceIndustries have doubled their market share in last three years, capturing close to 7 per cent of petrol sales and over 8 per cent of diesel sales. OilMinisterDharmendra Pradhan, in a written reply to a question put to him in the Lok Sabha, said private companies were allowed to sell petrol and diesel in March 2002. From April 2002, fuel pricing was also deregulated....

LONDON, March 19 (Reuters) - Electric vehicles and stricter marine fuel regulations are generally not perceived as good news for the oil refining industry... "I don't think many people will build new refineries amid all the talk about peak oil demand ... Another challenge for the refining industry is upcoming stricter regulations for marine fuel, which will drastically reduce the use of fueloil for shipping but increase the use of diesel....

In 2017-18, private retailers commanded 6.8% market share in petrol sales and 8.2% in diesel, oil minister Dharmendra Pradhan said in a written reply to the Lok Sabha...Privatefuel retailers like Rosneft-owned EssarOil and RelianceIndustries have doubled their market share in last three years, capturing close to 7% of petrol sales and over 8% of diesel sales ... From April 2002, fuel pricing was also deregulated....

Privatefuel retailers like Rosneft-owned EssarOil and RelianceIndustries have doubled their market share in last three years, capturing close to 7 per cent of petrol sales and over 8 per cent of diesel sales. OilMinisterDharmendra Pradhan, in a written reply to a question put to him in the Lok Sabha, said private companies were allowed to sell petrol and diesel in March 2002. From April 2002, fuel pricing was also deregulated....

Later that summer, Drevna spoke at the Red State Gathering in Denver, telling the right-wing activist conference — in a speech where he referred to EPA employees as “clowns” — that the fossil fuelindustry was losing ground because it was failing to connect with the public, especially minority communities, on a cultural, emotional, and personal level....

More than $11.3 billion are found in just four industries. Power Generation, Metals & Minerals, Oil & GasProduction and Industrial Manufacturing ...View original content with multimedia.http.//www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/wsp-globals-127-billion-in-active-projects-fueled-by-oil-sands-mining-transport-an-industrial-info-news-alert-300615533.html. SOURCE IndustrialInfo Resources, Inc....

Sinopec Engineering, the oil refinery and chemical plant-building unit of state-owned energy giant Sinopec Group, has reported its second year of declining profits ... In 2016, the company faced a serious drop of nearly 50% in its attributable profit, due to falling revenues from the coal-to-chemical industry, and a lower number of projects reaching their peak income-generating stage that year....

Last year, he fought against community and environmental justice organizations in support of a cap-and-trade bill that lets the fossil fuelindustry continue polluting California...Brown himself has taken $10 million from the fossil fuelindustry for his campaigns and initiatives. In 2012 at the request of the industry, Brown fired California’s ......

by 2014, about 3 percent of the GDP was spent on fossil fuel subsidies, and by 2016, after Jokowi’s initial spate of reforms, it was less than 1 percent. But, due to consumer expectations, the political climate, and the unique challenges of the fuelindustry — Indonesia both has a lot of natural resources itself and a burgeoning consumer class — the current subsidy apparatus may prove sticky for the near future. ....

As per the BP StatisticsReport 2017, India consumed 724 million tons of oil equivalent in 2016 — the third largest consumer of primary energy in the world ...Industrial growth and productivity is largely depend on energy ... Over the year’s coal, crude oil, liquid fuels, and natural gas trade prospered, which addressed accessibility issues to a greater extent.&nbsp;....

Crudeoil storage tanks are seen from above at the Cushing oil hub, appearing to run out of space to contain a historic supply glut that has hammered prices, in Cushing, Oklahoma, March 24, 2016.Reuters file ... The decision will have medium-term impact on global oil prices ... The result will be a spike in oil prices ... For the US shale industry to exist and thrive, the medium-term requirement is comparatively higher oil prices....

The major players in the food industry are investing in R&D activities to expand their specialty fats & oils product portfolios and attract more consumers by providing innovative products ... The Specialty Fats & OilsMarket is ... These factors have fueled the growth of the Specialty Fats & Oils Market in the Asia Pacific region....