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This is a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of logic (both formal logic and critical reasoning), with exceptionally clear yet conversational explanations and a multitude of engaging examples and exercises. Herrick's examples are on-point and fun, often bringing in real-lifesituations and popular culture. Introduction to Logic brings in the history of philosophy and logic through interesting boxes/sidebars and discussions, showing logic's relation to philosophy. The book is especially suited for use in the "Open Course Library," a comprehensive online logic course that is open and free. Jointly funded by the state of Washington and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Logic Course is one of 80 hybrid courses available online at no charge to the morethan 400,000 students in the Washington system. The course is also available for logic courses throughout the US and the world. The Logic Course is available online now. Herrick was chosen to develop the Logic Course for the online Open Course Library. For more information on the Open Library Course Logic Course, please visit : a href="http://www.opencourselibrary.org/"www.opencourselibrary.org//a

Paul Herrick received his Ph.D in philosophy from the University of Washington. Since 1983 he has taught philosophy at Shoreline Community College in Washington, near Seattle. He is the author of The Many Worlds of Logic, Second Edition (OUP, 2002) and Reason and Worldview: An Introduction toWestern Philosophy (1999).

To the Instructor

p. vi

To the Student

p. x

Acknowledgments

p. xii

The Fundamental Concepts of Logic

p. 1

What Is Logic?

p. 3

Let's Have an Argument!

p. 13

The Two Basic Types of Argument

p. 42

How to Evaluate a Deductive Argument

p. 58

How to Evaluate an Inductive Argument

p. 76

Logical Relations and Concluding Matters

p. 85

Categorical Logic

p. 101

Logic Takes Form Categorical Logic Version 1.0

p. 103

The Categorical Syllogism

p. 141

Categorical Logic Version 2.0 Boole, Venn, and the Nineteenth-Century Revolution in Categorical Logic

p. 169

Truth-Functional Logic

p. 211

Think Like a Stoic! Truth-Functional Logic Version 1.0

p. 213

Truth-Functional Logic Version 1.1 Stoic Logic Takes Form

p. 232

Truth-Functional Logic Version 2.0 The Invention of Formal Languages in the Nineteenth Century

p. 249

From English to TL: Techniques for Great Translations

p. 268

Truth-Table Analysis Part 1 Truth Tables for the Operators

p. 289

Truth-Table Analysis Part 2 Testing Sentences for Logical Status

p. 301

Truth-Table Analysis Part 3 Testing Arguments for Validity

p. 319

Truth-Table Analysis Part 4 Relations

p. 340

Modern Truth-Functional Natural Deduction Part 1 The First Four Rules

p. 345

Truth-Functional Natural Deduction Part 2 Four More Inference Rules

p. 379

Truth-Functional Deduction Part 3 Replacement Rules

p. 397

Truth-Functional Deduction Part 4 Indirect and Conditional Proof

p. 427

Premise-Free Proofs

p. 446

Interlude: Philosophy of Logic

p. 451

Predicate Logic

p. 467

Predicate Logic Version 1.1 Frege Unites Categorical and Stoic Logic

p. 469

Predicate Logic Version 1.2 It's All About Relationships

p. 506

Predicate Logic Version 1.3 To Be or Not to Be: The Logic of Identity

p. 523

Natural Deduction Proofs with Monadic Predicates

p. 533

A Semantical Theory for Predicate Logic

p. 556

Conditional and Indirect Predicate Proofs

p. 569

Proofs with Overlapping Quantifiers

p. 579

The Summit: Predicate Logic with Identity

p. 586

Informal and Inductive Logic

p. 597

The Art of Definition

p. 599

The Informal Fallacies

p. 611

The Varieties of Inductive Reasoning

p. 636

Elementary Probability Theory

p. 675

Modal Logic

p. 689

Elementary Modal Logic

p. 691

Appendices

Classical Indian Logic

p. A-l

Metalogic: The Logic of Logic

p. A-19

GQdel's Theorem: The Power of Logic Revealed

p. A-24

Logic and Computers: How an Idea in Logic Led to the Digital Computer and Transformed the World