1

Salzmann's nodules:
hyaline deposits between the epithelium and Bowmans membrane of Cornea causing astigmatism. Superficial keratectomy of astigmatism-inducing Salzmann’s nodules should always be performed prior to cataract surgery. Stable keratometry readings and IOL calculations cannot be reliably obtained until 3 to 6 weeks after surgery. Toric IOLs should be avoided because of the risk of recurrent nodule.
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A cataract is a clouding (or change in protein composition) of the normally clear lens (which is located behind the pupil and iris) inside the eye. Cataracts are most commonly due to aging, but can be congenital (born with it), due to trauma or uveitis (eye inflammation). The condition can worsen by long-term topical steroid use and having diabetes.
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2

Minimal:
With modern cataract surgery techniques pain either during or after the surgery is generally very mild or even absent. Some patients will experience a mild foreign body sensation or scratching feeling for a day or two, and some have a very mild pressure feeling. Usually, otc medications, typically tylenol or acetaminophen, are all that are required for pain control, and many patients don't use any.
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4

Salzmann's nodules:
hyaline deposits between the epithelium and Bowmans membrane of Cornea causing astigmatism. Superficial keratectomy of astigmatism-inducing Salzmann’s nodules should always be performed prior to cataract surgery. Stable keratometry readings and IOL calculations cannot be reliably obtained until 3 to 6 weeks after surgery. Toric IOLs should be avoided because of the risk of recurrent nodule.
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5

Yes, if indicated:
It is safe to do all these operations on the same eye if there is a medical reason to do so. Your doctor, perhaps with the input from a retinal consultant, will explain the reasons the procedures are required, what is hoped to be accomplished, and the associated risks.
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6

Rarely:
Most cataract surgery is performed under local anesthesia, sometimes with a little assist intravenously but not asleep. The only patients consistently put to sleep are children, and adults with movement disorders and mental deficiency;.
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7

Lens options:
There are 3 key options for cataract surgery: monofocal (give you ability to see 1 distance); multifocal (see multiple distances but risk of glare/halos); accommodative lenses (allow multiple distances; less risk of glare; but may not work as well for reading vision especially over time). More info: eyedoc2020@blogspot.com
Visionary Ophthalmology, Rockville, MD
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8

No surgery:
Cataract surgery is considered an elective procedure. Except for a few situiations, you, as the patient, decide when you want to have the surgery. If you are happy with your vision, you can wait on the surgery as long a you want.
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9

Cataract surgery:
Cataract surgery is usually very safe. There can be complications. More common ones are posterior capsule opacification requiring a later laser procedure, wound leak, posterior capsule rupture. Less common ones are retinal detachment, infection, and prolonged inflammation. For more information please check out: http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/cataract-complications.htm
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10

Lens surgery:
Cataract surgery is the surgical procedure performed when the natural lens in the eye becomes opaque affecting vision. The cloudy lens is removed surgically and replaced with an artificial intra-ocular lens (iol).
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Cataract removal is a procedure to remove a clouded lens (cataract) from the eye. Cataracts are removed to improve vision. The procedure almost always includes placing an artificial lens in the eye.
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