Sabtu, 23 Februari 2013

Fish comes in an amazing variety of shapes and
colours, but they allhave three things
in common. All of it live in water, have fins, and use gills to get oxygen from
thr water.

A
female fish releases eggs in water. This process ia called spawning. However,
there are also some fish, like shark and dolphin, which give birth to live
young.

Fish
eggs range in size from a barely visible dot to the size of a pea. Fish eggs
may hatch within several days of spawning or many weeks later, depending on the
species and the water temperature.

A
fish has the same five senses humans have : sight, hearing, touch, smell, and
taste. They use their senses to look for food, avoid predators, find a partner
to spawn with, and find their way around their habitat. Fish can also
differentiate colour, just as people do.

2). Chameleons

There are 80 different types of chameleon
inthe world, mmost of which are to be found in Africa, south of the Sahara
desert. The common chameleon ranges from the Middle East, along the North
Africans coast to southern Spain.

The
chameleon is a slow-moving lizard which hunts fir insects among trees and
undergrowth. One of its peculiar features is its eyes, which are set in two
conical sockets and can move independently of oone another. The enables the
chameleon to look behind with one aye and in front with the other.

Chameleon
are well-known for their ability to change colour. The skin and the body
markings can change colour to match the surrounding. Among the plants, for
example, the chameleon is very difficult to spot among foliage.

When
the chameleon spots an insect which it thinks would make a fine meal, it shoots
out a long, sticky tongue and draws its prey back into its mouth.

3). Rain
Forest

A
rain forest is a tropical forest with fall trees that are very close together,
growing in an area where it rains a lot. One kind of rain forest is called a
temperate rain forest.

A
temperate rain forest grows near the Northwest coast of the United States. Just
a few kind of evergreen trees grow there. Another kind of rain forest is a
troplical rain forest. In fact, most of the world’s rain forests are tropical
rain forests.

Tropical
rain forest grow in warm places near earth’s equator. The equator is an
imaginary line that goes arround the middle of the planet. There are tropical
rain forests in Central and Soouth America, Africa, and Asia. The world’s
largest rain forest is the Amazon rain forest in South America. It is always
hot and wet in a tropical rain forest.

Rain
forests are devided into different layers. The ground in a rain forest is
called the forest floor. Some plants living there get their food from dead
plants. Other plants on the ground eat insects.

The
plant layer just above the forest floor is called the understorey. Not much
sunlight gets down to this layer. Young trees and plants that like low levels
of light grow in the shady understorey.

The
next layer is the canopy. Medium-size trees grow in the canopy. Most of the
rain forest animals live in the canopy. Monkeys swing from branch to branch in
the rain forests of Central ans South America.

The
top layer of the rain forest is called the emergent layer. The tops of tall
trees make up the emergent layer. They cupture most of the sun and rainwater
falling on the forest. The emergent layer is thick and green.

4). Marsupials

‘Marsupium’
means ‘pouch’, and a marsupial is an animal whose babies complete their
development in a pouch on its mother’s body. Kangaroos, koala bears and
wallabies are the most common marsupials, though marsupial bats and moles also
exist.

When
the baby marsupial is born, it is small and helpless. It finds its way, by
instinct, to its mother’s pouch. There it gets milk from its mother and grows
steadily until it is large enough to leave the pouch and fend for itself.

Marsupials developed before placental animals,
which complete all their development inside the mother’s womb. Placental
animals were better able to compete for food than marsupials. Marsupials died
out in most parts of the world. Once Australia had become separated from the
other continents, placental animals could not easily prey on marsupials any
more. This why marsupials have flourished in Australia. Nevertheless, some are
also found in America.

5). Eucalyptus

Eucalyptus
(Eucalyptus globulus) is a tall
evergreen tree native to Australia and Tasmania. Today, most commercial herbal
preparations originate in Mediterranean and subtropical regions, including
Spain and Marocco. The leaves and oil of the eucalyptus plant are used for
medicinal purposes. Eucalyptus leaves contain tannins (which are believed to
help reduce inflammation), flavonoids, and volatile oils. Eucalyptus oil
consosts of the volatile oil distilled from the fresh leaves and branch tops of
the eucalyptus tree.

There
are many species of eucalyptus. Some are the size of an ornamental shrub, and
some grow to be giants trees. The type of eucalyptus that is most often used
medicinally is called blue gum or Australian fever tree. It can grow as high as
230 feet. Its 4-12 inch leaves are dark green and shiny.

Topical
ointments containing eucalyptus oil have been used in traditional Aboriginal
medicines to heal wounds and fungal infections. Teas containing eucalyptus
leaves were also used to reduce fevers. The therapeutic uses of eucalyptus soon
spread to other traditional medicine systems. Including Chinese, Indian, and
Greco European.