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Three suicide attacks claimed by ISIL killed at least 60 people in southern Iraq on Thursday.

Wearing security force uniforms and driving stolen army vehicles, the attackers targeted a police checkpoint and two restaurants on a highway near the city of Nassiriya, using car bombs and suicide vests, police sources said. ISIL claimed responsibility in a statement on its Amaq news agency, saying it had killed "dozens of Shi'ites". The police said at least 100 people were injured.

The attacks suggest a shift in the ultra-hardline group's tactics since it lost control of its stronghold in Mosul. Iraqi and Kurdish security officials say the Sunni militants are likely to wage a guerrilla war in Iraq after the collapse of their self-proclaimed caliphate in Mosul.

The extremists are also under siege in the Syrian city of Raqqa, their operational base for attacks in the Middle East and the West.

Security officials described Thursday's attacks as an attempt to send a message to ISIL followers that the group is still strong and can operate in other parts of Iraq following its territorial losses.

"After losing the war in Iraq and the shrinking of its power, Daesh returned back to its old style of an insurgency, by carrying out suicide attacks, which is a clear sign that the terrorist group is retreating," said police intelligence colonel Murtatha Al Yassiri.

ISIL activity is usually concentrated in western and northern Iraq. Bomb attacks in the mostly Shiite south, where the bulk of the country's oil is produced and security forces hold a tighter grip, have so far been relatively rare.

Like its predecessor in Iraq, al Qaeda, ISIL seeks to create sectarian tensions as a way of destabilising the country.

"We expect more terrorist operations like this in future. Daesh is trying to desperately pretend among followers that it's still strong," Col Al Yassiri said.

The head of Nassiriya's health directorate, Jassim Al Khalidi, said the city's hospital had received 50 bodies and the death toll could rise because some of the wounded were in critical condition.

Hospital sources said at least 10 Iranian pilgrims, who were visiting holy Shiite shrines, were among the dead.

The deadliest attack was at a restaurant west of Nassiriya. "One attacker blew up his suicide vest inside the crowded restaurant while a group of other gunmen started to throw grenades and fire at diners," said Col Ali Abdul Hussain. Police sources said some police officers had died in the checkpoint attack, but the toll from that incident remained unclear.

Security sources said forces were placed on alert in most of the southern provinces, including the oil city of Basra, in case of similar attacks.