6 1. Overview The RaspBee is a ZigBee addon board for the Raspberry Pi (RPi). By using the RaspBee the Raspberry Pi becomes a full functional wireless node which can be seamlessly integrated into ZigBee networks. This will enhance the application range of RPi with monitoring and controlling ZigBee networks. ZigBee compatible devices are available from a lot of manufacturers. The RaspBee addon board has been designed to interconnect with the RPi standard user header. Due to its slim size the RPi still fits into most housings available on the market. The addon board contains a powerful radio module with integrated power amplifier and low noise amplifier. Together with the assembled onboard chip antenna which has been optimally tuned this ensures a superior RF performance. The RaspBee board is available in two options: the premium variant comes preflashed with a ZigBee firmware, the basic variant is shipped without firmware. In delivery condition both include a bootloader for simple firmware updates. Even though the basic variant targets custom firmware development, our ZigBee firmware can be downloaded and run. The wireless network will then be limited to five devices however. For larger installations, the premium version is recommended.the ZigBee firmware is interfaced by a software called deconz which runs on the RPi and is responsible for ZigBee network control and monitoring. Basically, the RaspBee is a reference design for the ZigBee radio module derfmega256-23m12 by dresden elektronik. 2. Applications Mainly the RaspBee is designed to handle ZigBee Light Link (ZLL) and ZigBee Home Automation (ZHA) applications in connection with the RaspBee ZigBee firmware and RPi software deconz. A more detailed description of the ZLL standard, the features, benefits and available certified products can be found on the official alliance website [1]. It is also possible to use a custom firmware for wireless applications. Follow the instructions in Sections 5 and 10 for detailed instructions on software installation and customer modifications. Note: Regard that dependent on the modifications the radio certification and compliance may become invalid. Please get in contact with us to advise you for a custom FCC certified and/or compliant design. 3. Features The RaspBee board contains the features listed below. Figure 1 illustrates the feature parts in a detailed view Short facts Slim size: 48.0 x 16.5 x 12.0 mm Supply voltage: 5.0 V Onboard 2.4 GHz ZigBee radio module derfmega256-23m12 Page 6 of 21

7 Application interfaces: o 1x UART, 1x Reset, 1x GPIO o User interface: 2x LED (red and green) Chip antenna Radio module Service interface (optional, n.a.) RPi socket U.FL (n.a.) LED2 LED1 LDO Wire ant. (n.a.) Figure 1: RaspBee in detail 3.2. How does the RaspBee work? The functional parts of the RaspBee are shown in a schematic overview in Figure 2. The RaspBee will be supplied by the RPi 5.0 V domain. Therefore the AC/DC supply must be sufficient to support the additional load. The most used AC/DC converters for RPi supply enough power to compensate the slightly increased current consumption of the RaspBee. An onboard low-drop-out voltage regulator generates a stable 3.3 V voltage to supply the radio module and LEDs. Note: All RaspBee signals (UART, RESET, GPIO, JTAG) work on a 3.3 V domain. A level shifting of the signals to other voltage domains may be required if the RaspBee is used on other base boards than the RPi. The onboard placed radio module derfmega256-23m12 by dresden elektronik contains an 8-bit AVR microcontroller with an integrated low-power 2.4 GHz transceiver for ZigBee and IEEE applications. The firmware is stored in the MCU internal flash and starts automatically after the board gets powered on. Each RaspBee contains a world-wide unique identifier, named MAC-ID. It consists of an 8 byte address, including the vendor ID and product ID. The MAC-ID is stored in the MCU internal EEPROM. Communication between RPi and RaspBee is realized via UART interface. The used signals are TXD and RXD without any handshake signals. It is important to enable the access to RPi s serial port (see Section 4.4) to ensure the proper function. Two user LEDs (red, green) are available to show RaspBee s status. The low-active reset signal can be controlled by the RPi and will cause a hardware reset of the built-in microcontroller. An onboard 10k pull-up resistor avoids an unintended reset trigger. Page 7 of 21

8 Via a service adapter footprint the JTAG signals of the built-in microcontroller are available. In delivery state the adapter header is not assembled. See Section 10.1 for a custom modification. The 2.4 GHz radio module has two RF output traces. In default delivery state, only one RF line is used which is routed to the assembled onboard chip antenna. Each firmware shall ensure that the correct RF port gets selected. Although the chip antenna covers most of the applications it is also possible to use an external antenna. This requires custom modifications described in Section 10.2 as well as firmware changes. VCC 4.5V to 5.5V LDO Vout 3.3V JTAG UART GPIO Reset derfmega256-23m12 RFout 1 RFout 2 Coax-Conn. Chip-Ant. GPIO GPIO LED1 LED2 Figure 2: Block Diagram 4. Quick start This section describes in short steps a fast start-up of the RaspBee board to control and monitor a ZigBee network. Detailed descriptions about the firmware, software and functionality can be found in Section Content of delivery One shipped RaspBee package contains the following: 1x RaspBee board 1x Instruction leaflet The Raspbee addon board may also be obtained as part of a kit (see Section 15.3) Requirements The RaspBee is designed to work on a Raspberry Pi. In general both actual available types of RPis will work with the RaspBee. However we recommend RPi type B, with assembled Ethernet components. For full functionality the following additional components are required: Hardware Raspberry Pi (type B recommended) Power supply for Raspberry Pi (AC/DC to Micro-USB, 5.0 V DC, min. 1 A) SD card for OS and software Page 8 of 21

9 Software Linux operating system (Raspbian Linux distribution 1 ) Qt4 library v4.8 deconz for ARMv6 Linux 2 GCF Flasher 3 ZigBee firmware for RaspBee 4 (optionally) 4.3. Setup the components and start the application 1. Unpack the RaspBee unit. 2. Shutdown and Power-Off your RPi. 3. Connect the RaspBee to the RPi s user header. Pin 1 of RaspBee (square marker) must be connected to Pin 2 of RPi header P1 at the board edge. Figure 3: RPi user header Notes: Double check that the header is NOT shifted inadvertently since this may damage the RaspBee board irreversible. Do not connect the RaspBee if the RPi is powered since this will cause a restart of the host device. 4. Power-On the RPi and wait until the login prompt is available. 5. Log in and acquire superuser rights. 6. Enable the access to the RPi serial port for proper communication (see Section 4.4). 7. Install all additionally required software packages (see Sections 5.1 and 5.2). 1 Refer to for download and installation instructions 2 deconz is available in the download area on 3 GCFFlasher is available in the download area on 4 ZigBee firmware is available in the download area on (section deconz, file extension.bin.gcf). Page 9 of 21

10 8. If you are using the basic variant, download the ZigBee firmware (see Section 5.2, in case of the premium variant this can be skipped). 9. Install the ZigBee control and monitoring software deconz on RPi (see Section 5.3.1). 10. Start the deconz application (see Section 5.3.2) How to enable access to serial port /dev/ttyama0 In the standard Raspbian Linux distribution the serial interface /dev/ttyama0 is set up as a serial console, i.e. for boot message output. Since the RaspBee ZigBee firmware uses the same interface to communicate with the control software, the following changes must be done to free the UART: 1. in file /boot/cmdline.txt: remove string console=ttyama0, kgdboc=ttyama0, in file /etc/inittab: comment out: #T0:23:respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyama vt Software All following explanations assume the customer fulfils the software prerequisites as given in Section and the initial setup (see Section 4.3) has been performed Required common software packages Download and install Qt 4.8 $ sudo apt-get install libqt4-core 5.2. GCFFlasher GCFFlasher is a command line tool for Raspbian Linux which can be used to update the Raspbees firmware without additional programming hardware. It is also used by deconz if the ZigBee firmware is to be updated Installation 1. Download GCFFlasher $ wget gcfflasher-latest.deb 2. Install GCFFlasher $ sudo dpkg -i gcfflasher-latest.deb Updating RaspBee firmware The RaspBee is delivered with a pre-programmed bootloader software. It communicates through the UART /dev/ttyama0 with the firmware update tool "GCFFlasher". To upload the firmware, invoke GCFFlasher (superuser rights required) as follows: $ sudo GCFFlasher f <YourApplication.bin[.GCF]> Page 10 of 21

11 Notes: GCFFlasher accepts firmware files in binary file format and in dresden elektronik s proprietary GCF file format deconz on RPi There is no EEPROM programming support within GCFFlasher. EEPROM programming must be done within your application code. Please note that modifying the EEPROM may cause irreversibly damage to your RaspBee board. Use with care. GCFFlasher also provides the option -r to reset the target device. deconz is a powerful software which allows for configuration, operation, monitoring and maintenance of ZigBee networks Installation 1. Download deconz software package: $ wget 2. Install deconz software package: $ sudo dpkg -i deconz-latest.deb Start and run the application 1. If not already running start the desktop environment $ startx 2. Start the application $ deconz --auto-connect=1 --http-port=8080 The application shall now connect to the RaspBee shield automatically and a blue node with address 0x0000 which represents the RaspBee coordinator appears. For details on the operation, refer to the deconz user manual [2]. Once running, deconz is also accessible via a Web application [3] Notes on custom firmware For communication between RPi and Raspberry, set the UART speed to baud preferably. To upload the firmware or recover the ZigBee firmware, use GCFFlasher 5. Notes: When using the JTAG interface anyhow, do not touch sensitive EEPROM areas (Bootloader control section, ZigBee firmware settings, NV-section containing i.e. MAC address) unless you are absolutely sure what you are doing. Please also note that dresden elektronik will neither provide firmware images of the bootloader nor support restoring the bootloader or EEPROM once overwritten. 5 Images of the ZigBee Firmware are available in the download area on Page 11 of 21

13 7. Technical data The RaspBee contains the 2.4 GHz IEEE radio module derfmega256-23m12 by dresden elektronik. A detailed description of the module s characteristics and properties can be found in the radio module user manual [4]. Table 4: Mechanical data Mechanical data Value Descriptor Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Size L 48.0 mm Table 5: Temperature range Temperature range 6 W 16.5 mm H 12.0 mm Value Descriptor Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Working temperature T work C Table 6: Absolute maximum ratings Absolute maximum ratings Value Descriptor Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Supply voltage V in_max T=25 C 5.5 V Supply current I in_max TX_ON, TX_PWR=0x0 215 ma Note: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this manual are not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. For more details about these parameters, refer to individual datasheets of the components used. 6 The given values are only valid for the RaspBee board. They may differ from the Raspberry Pi or other custom base boards. Check the appropriate documentations for the working and storage temperature of the whole system. Page 13 of 21

17 10. Hardware modifications Besides the factory-default RaspBee configuration it is also possible to modify the hardware to enhance its functionality Assemble the service header The service interface provides the microcontroller programming interface of the radio module. It is useful to assemble a 50 mil 10-pin header on the top side to ensure a proper connection. We recommend the use of the listed header: MOUSER ELECTRONICS order number: 855-M FARNELL order number: DIGI-KEY order number: ND Figure 5: RPi service header (default not assembled) The pin description can be found in Section 9 in Table 11. A detailed description of suitable programmers and related software tools are listed in [5]. Note: Improper handling in respect of erasing or overwriting the MCU internal flash or EEPROM completely or in parts may result in an unusable RaspBee unit. Modification of the pre-allocated EEPROM memory sections or removal of the pre-installed bootloader will irreversibly preclude restoring, booting or upgrading the shipping firmware at all. dresden elektronik will neither support such modifications (see Section 5.4 for details) Using an external antenna External antennas will be often used if an improved radio characteristics performance is needed or the device is put into a metallized enclosure. In this case it is possible to assemble a surface-mount coaxial connector. The footprint is designed to use the coaxial connector U.FL-R-SMT-1(10) by HIROSE. It can be obtained from i.e. the following distributors: MOUSER ELECTRONICS order number: 798-U.FL-R-SMT-110 FARNELL order number: DIGI-KEY order number: H11891CT-ND Additionally the terminating resistor must be removed from the antenna port. Assemble a 22 pf coupling capacitor and a 10 k resistor in parallel directly next to the U.FL connector. The RaspBee has been tested and measured with the approved antenna(s) listed in Section Page 17 of 21

18 Notes: The use of antenna types other than the listed approved antennas will cause in loss of the FCC certification. Regard the notes in Section 11.3 to work with a custom antenna in respect of CE and FCC requirements. The pre-installed ZigBee firmware does not support the 2 nd antenna port. 11. Radio certification United States (FCC) The RaspBee contains the radio module derfmega256-23m12, which is certified according to FCC part 15. The FCC-ID of the radio module derfmega256-23m12 is XVV-MEGA23M12 and is printed on a visible permanently affixed label on the top of the module s RF shielding. This equipment complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation (FCC 15.19). The internal / external antenna(s) used for this mobile transmitter must provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. Modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer could void the user's authority to operate this equipment (FCC section 15.21). This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at their own expense (FCC section ) European Union (ETSI) The RaspBee is conform for use in European Union countries. If the RaspBee is incorporated into a product, the manufacturer must ensure compliance of the final product to the European harmonized EMC and low-voltage/safety standards. A Declaration of Conformity must be issued for each of these standards and kept on file as described in Annex II of the R&TTE Directive. The manufacturer must maintain a copy of the RaspBee documentation and ensure the final product does not exceed the specified power ratings, antenna specifications, and/or installation requirements as specified in the user manual. If any of these specifications are exceeded in the final product, a submission must be made to a notified body for compliance testing to all required standards. The CE marking must be affixed to a visible location on the OEM product. The CE mark shall consist of the initials "CE" taking the following form: If the CE marking is reduced or enlarged, the proportions must be respected. The CE marking must have a height of at least 5 mm except where this is not possible on account of the nature of the apparatus. The CE marking must be affixed visibly, legibly, and indelibly. More detailed information about CE marking requirements can be found in [6]. Page 18 of 21

19 11.3. Approved antenna list The RaspBee has an integrated chip antenna. The design is fully compliant with all regulations and certified as reference design of the radio module derfmega256-23m12 (FCC-ID: XVV-MEGA23M12). As approved antenna(s) in connection with the coaxial connector (see Section 10.2) and a suitable U.FL to RP-SMA adapter cable, the following antenna(s) are allowed to use: Table 11-1: Approved antenna(s) Approved antenna(s) for derfmega256-23m12 Type Gain Mount Order code Vendor / Supplier External antenna 2400 to MHz Rubber antenna U.FL-to-RP-SMA pigtail, 15 cm Integrated antenna 2400 to MHz Chip antenna +5dBi (peak) RP- SMA RSMA WiMo -0.5dB BN dresden elektronik +1.3dBi (peak) SMT 2450AT43B100 Johanson Technology According to KDB it is allowed to substitute approved antennas through equivalent antennas of the same type: Equivalent antennas must be of the same type (e.g., yagi, dish, etc.), must be of equal or less gain than an antenna previously authorized under the same FCC ID, and must have similar in band and out-of-band characteristics (consult specification sheet for cutoff frequencies). Additional description to certification and approved antenna issues can be found in the radio module s user manual [4]. 12. Ordering information Table 2: Ordering Information Ordering information Part Number Product Name Comment BN RaspBee premium Contains bootloader and ZigBee firmware BN RaspBee basic Contains bootloader only * * ZigBee firmware can be installed manually and runs with limitation to 5 network devices. 13. Packaging dimension Default package size: 138 x 90 x 29 mm (LxWxH). One package contains one RaspBee unit. Page 19 of 21

20 14. Revision notes Actually no design issues are known. 15. Related Products Wireless electronic ballasts With the easy to integrate ZLL compliant wireless electronic ballasts by dresden elektronik a great number of lamps from the classic light bulb to the advanced multicolored LED matrix can be wirelessly controlled. There is a choice of four variations that are applied alternatively or in combination with conventional electronic ballasts. They come along with standard interfaces such as 0/1-10V technology and PWM as well as wireless dimmers for dimmable energy saving bulbs LAN-ZigBee gateway The gateway is a pre-configured assembly with housing to get started controlling your lights wirelessly. The gateway, as heart of our wireless light control system, is a combination of the single-board computer Raspberry Pi and the addon module RaspBee. You can operate with this full-fledged ZigBee device for example via smartphone by connecting it at your WiFi router Wireless light control starter kit The starter kit ensures a simple out-of-the box operation. It includes everything needed for an easy activation: a fully pre-configured LAN-ZigBee gateway and two wireless electronic ballasts with power PWM output, i.e. for driving LED stripes. For more information about all related products please refer to our webpage References [1] ZigBee Light Link, URL: [2] User Manual deconz; URL: [3] Quick Start Guide Wireless Light Control, URL: funktechnik/service/downloads/documentation/?eid=dam_frontend_push&docid=2202 [4] User Manual derfmega256 radio modules; URL: docid=1250 [5] Software Programming User Manual; URL: [6] Directive 1999/5/EC, European Parliament and the Council, 9 March 1999, section 12 Page 20 of 21

21 dresden elektronik ingenieurtechnik gmbh Enno-Heidebroek-Straße Dresden GERMANY Phone Fax Trademarks and acknowledgements IEEE is a trademark of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). ZigBee is a registered trademark of the ZigBee Alliance. RaspBee is a registered trademark of the dresden elektronik ingenieurtechnik gmbh. All trademarks are registered by their respective owners in certain countries only. Other brands and their products are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders and should be noted as such. Disclaimer This note is provided as-is and is subject to change without notice. Except to the extent prohibited by law, dresden elektronik ingenieurtechnik gmbh makes no express or implied warranty of any kind with regard to this guide, and specifically disclaims the implied warranties and conditions of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. dresden elektronik ingenieurtechnik gmbh shall not be liable for any errors or incidental or consequential damage in connection with the furnishing, performance or use of this guide. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose other than the purchaser s personal use, without the written permission of dresden elektronik ingenieurtechnik gmbh. Copyright 2013 dresden elektronik ingenieurtechnik gmbh. All rights reserved. Page 21 of 21

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