The Cutty Sark

The Cutty Sark before the fire

The Cutty Sark is the most famous tea clipper built, and is the only one
to survive, apart from the City of Adelaide aka RNVR Carrick which is now in Australia and being restored before being opened to the public. She is now in dry dock at Greenwich.

She was launched at Dumbarton on the River Clyde, Scotland, in 1869. The
name comes from Robert Burns' poem, Tam O'Shanter; Tam meets a group of witches,
most of whom are ugly, but for Nannie, who is young and beautiful and is
described as wearing only a "cutty sark", i.e., a short chemise
or shirt. The ship's figurehead is a representation of this witch.

The Cutty Sark's sleek lines and enormous area of sail made her the fastest
ship in the race via the Cape of Good Hope for the then particularly money-spinning
tea trade with China. Unluckily for her owners, the Suez Canal was opened
in the same year as her launch, which is not navigable by sailing ships.
Her last cargo of tea was carried in 1877.

Later, from 1885 to 1895, she was used in the wool trade with Australia,
bringing the new season's clip from Sydney to London, setting new speed records
year after year.

By 1895, she was again losing money for her owner and was sold to the Portuguese
as the Ferreira, although interestingly enough her crews called her Pequina
Camisola ('little shirt'). She was worked by her new owners between Oporto,
Rio, and Lisbon for over thirty years until 1920, when she was sold again,
this time becoming the Maria do Amparo. In 1922 she underwent a refit in
the Surrey Docks, London, and was driven to shelter from a storm in Falmouth
harbour on her way home. A Captain Wilfred Dowman saw her there, and bought
her from the Portuguese owners, returning her to British ownership again.

On Capt. Dowman's death in 1938, his widow presented her to the Thames Nautical
Training College at Greenhithe on the Thames, where she was used as a training
vessel. After the Second World war she again became surplus and eventually
she was towed to Greenwich and placed in a specially constructed dry dock
in 1954. After a lot of restoration work she was opened to the public in
1957. Since then more than thirteen million people have visited her.

The ship was badly damaged by fire that broke out around 4.45 am on 21 May 2007. Thankfully, she was undergoing restoration work at the time of the fire, and about fifty per cent of the ship had been removed, including the iconic figurehead, the masts and rigging, the coach house, and a significant amount of planking, so the damage could have been a lot worse. After nearly five years, on 25 April 2012, Her Majesty The Queen, accompanied by His Royal Highness The Duke of Edinburgh, officially re-opened Cutty Sark.