Just how many cups of coffee is it safe to drink a day? – Big Think

The west vs. the rest

The bigger the country, the bigger its share of CO2 emissions since the start of the Industrial Revolution. Image source: Jordan Engel, reused via Decolonial Media License 0.1

This map shows the 100 companies responsible for the biggest share of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, and their CEOs. Countries are inflated to represent their share of CO2 emissions since the beginning of industrialisation. If we want to make a serious dent in the amount of CO2 and other greenhouse gases we’re emitting, this map suggests, it’s these companies — and more specifically, these CEOs — we need to hold to account. Naming and shaming them is a first step. The basis for this map is the Carbon Majors report from 2017 by CDP (formerly the Carbon Disclosure Project), listing the top 100 fossil fuel producers in the world, responsible for 71 percent of all greenhouse gas emissions since 1988.In fact, more than 50 percent of all greenhouse gas emissions since 1988 can be traced to just the top 25 entities on that list.Those are, in descending order: China (state coal production), Aramco, Gazprom, National Iranian Oil, ExxonMobil, Coal India, Pemex, Russia (state coal production), Shell, China National Petroleum, BP, Chevron, PDVSA, Abu Dhabi National Oil, Poland Coal, Peabody Energy, Sonatrach, Kuwait Petroleum, Total, BHP Billiton, ConocoPhilips, Petrobras, Lukoil, RioTinto, Nigerian National Petroleum.

The rogue’s gallery of Europe

Even oil companies are now turning to invest in sustainable energy — but is it just window dressing? Image source: Jordan Engel, reused via Decolonial Media License 0.1

If fossil-fuel extraction over the next quarter century continues at the same rate as the previous 25 years, the Carbon Majors report claims we’re on course for a 4°C rise in average temperatures by the end of this century — accelerating the loss of biodiversity and the rise of food insecurity, to name but two consequences.Granted, even oil companies are aware that the wind is blowing from a different direction now and have initiated programmes to produce energy in a more sustainable way. But in many cases, the discrepancy between the size of those programmes and the attention they are given in corporate PR makes them little more than window dressing.

Jakarta beats Beijing as emissions capital

This overview refocuses the attention on the main issue — the emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases. And by naming each company’s CEO, the issue is personalized.That personalization should come with a few caveats. First, these corporations thrive only because consumers buy their product — although it must be said that demand for energy is fairly inelastic: most people can’t do without fuel to get from A to B, or to heat their homes. Second, in all fairness: the true captains of industry are not the CEOs, but the majority shareholders. It’s those shareholders’ priorities — profit only or planet also — that drive corporate decision-making. Those shareholders include large institutional investors, but also national governments. Up to 20 percent of investment in hydrocarbon extraction is done by public funding — i.e. us.

Clean Africa, dirty Middle East

Africa counts relatively little CO2 culprits, while the tally is much higher in the Middle East (as could have been expected). Image source: Jordan Engel, reused via Decolonial Media License 0.1

On the other hand, we’re running into the same problem mentioned above again. Big institutions, even if they include you and me, are nameless/faceless. These CEOs are picked to run and represent their companies. Perhaps they should get used to a new job: being the lightning rod for our growing concern about global warming. The Decolonial Atlas, which published this map, quotes U.S. folk artist and labor organizer Utah Phillips: “The earth is not dying, it is being killed, and those who are killing it have names and addresses.”On that list is your name and address, and mine; because we could all do a lot more. But not nearly as much as these 100 people. Let this map be an invitation to acquaint ourselves with their intentions, good or otherwise.