During the last couple of years we are running a survey to try and understand the magnitude of herbicide resistance in the southern part of Israel where wheat is the most common crop. We have identified some false positive herbicide resistant reports due to miss application of herbicides, especially ACCase inhibitors. Over all, the cases found are mostly based on NTS mechanism but laboratory experiments are still in progress to base those assumptions. Our Conyza canadensis have developed resistance due to two target site mutations in the ALS and PSII genes in the same individual plants (real multiple resistances). Avena sterilis also showed mutation in the ACCase gene and this population is still under investigation. After several field trials that have been conducted this year in wheat fields; we believe that the answer for the resistance in grass weeds might be pre-em treatments with VLCFA herbicides. Our goal is to convince our farmers to do so in the next few years.