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Abstract

The United States National Airspace System (NAS) is undergoing evolutionary changes in response to growing air traffic demands and aging equipment. In 1981 the Federal Aviation Administration initiated a modernization program to modernize, automate, and consolidate the existing ATC system by the year 2000. This effort is ongoing and will continue well into the 21st century. Improving capacity is one goal of the modernization program. Closely spaced parallel approaches are used at many of the busiest airports to increase capacity. During visual flight conditions parallel runways operate independently at maximum capacity. During non-visual meteorological conditions operating procedures are modified to assure safe operations. Capacity reductions of 50% may occur depending on the runway spacing. New communication, navigation, and surveillance technologies are being developed that offer the potential of improved capacity by enabling closely spaced parallel approaches during non-visual conditions.
An analysis was conducted starting with the financial cost of delays resulting from operational procedures required during closely spaced parallel approaches ill instrument meteorological conditions. Existing systems were analyzed focusing on capability and the architectural changes enabled by new technologies. System requirements for a new airborne system for lateral spacing were developed with a focus on human factors and automation. Risk analysis indicates that the probability of collision given pilot nonconformance to alerts in airborne systems is 6 times greater than the probability of collision when pilot's conform to system alerts. The per-approach collision rate requirement can be met using a climb-turn escape maneuver given 90% pilot conformance and pilot response times less than 5 .seconds.
Thesis Supervisor: John-Paul B. Clarke
Title: Charles Stark Draper Assistant Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics
[2]

Copyright

This record is the front matter from a document that appears on a server at MIT and is used through permission from MIT.

Country

United States

Language

English (United States)

This text was extracted from a PDF file.

This is the abbreviated version, containing approximately
29% of the total text.

Page 1 of 6

This record is the front matter from a document that appears on a server at MIT and is used through permission from MIT. See
http://theses.mit.edu:80/Dienst/UI/2.0/Describe/0018.mit.theses/1999-56 for copyright details and for the full document in image
form.

Bruce A. Solomon MS, Mechanical Engineering, 1984 BS, Mechanical Engineering, 1982 University of New
Hampshire Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Master of Science
in Engineering and Management

Submitted to the System Design and Management Program on January 15, 1999 in Partial
Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Engineering and
Management

ABSTRACT

The United States National Airspace System (NAS) is undergoing evolutionary changes in
response to growing air traffic demands and aging equipment. In 1981 the Federal Aviation
Administration initiated a modernization program to modernize, automate, and consolidate the
existing ATC system by the year 2000. This effort is ongoing and will continue well into the 21st
century. Improving capacity is one goal of the modernization program. Closely spaced parallel
approaches are used at many of the busiest airports to increase capacity. During visual flight
conditions parallel runways operate independently at maximum capacity. During non-visual
meteorological conditions operating procedures are modified to assure safe operations.
Capacity reductions of 50% may occur depending on the runway spacing. New communication,
navigation, and surveillance technologies are being developed that offer the potential of
improved capacity by enabling closely spaced parallel approaches during non-visual conditions.

An analysis was conducted starting with the financial cost of delays resulting from...