Executions in the United States, 1608-2002: The ESPY File (ICPSR 8451)

Citation

Espy, M. Watt, and Smykla, John Ortiz. Executions in the United States, 1608-2002: The ESPY File . Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2016-07-20. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08451.v5

This collection furnishes data on executions performed under
civil authority in the United States between 1608 and 2002. The dataset
describes each individual executed and the circumstances surrounding
the crime for which the person was convicted. Variables include age,
race, name, sex, and occupation of the offender, place, jurisdiction,
date, and method of execution, and the crime for which the offender was
executed. Also recorded are data on whether the only evidence for the
execution was official records indicating that an individual
(executioner or slave owner) was compensated for an execution.

Espy, M. Watt, and Smykla, John Ortiz. Executions in the United States, 1608-2002: The ESPY File . Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2016-07-20. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08451.v5

2018-02-15 The citation of this study may have changed due to the new version control system that has been implemented. The previous citation was:

Espy, M. Watt, and John Ortiz Smykla. Executions in the United States, 1608-2002: The ESPY File . ICPSR08451-v5. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2016-07-20. http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08451.v5

2016-07-20 Corrections were made to two records. Case number 40001 was dropped, as government records show that she was pardoned. For case number 50367, the method of execution was changed from hanging to electrocution.

2005-11-04 On 2005-03-14 new files were added to one
or more datasets. These files included additional setup files as well
as one or more of the following: SAS program, SAS transport, SPSS portable,
and Stata system files. The metadata record was revised 2005-11-04 to
reflect these additions.

2004-02-27 Data from the years 1992 through 2002 have been
added to the data file. The SPSS and SAS data definition statements
have been updated accordingly and Part 2 of this study, old SAS
data definition statements will be removed, leaving all files in only
one part. The ASCII codebook has also been updated and converted to a
PDF file.

1988-01-06 ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection:

Performed consistency checks.

Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes.

Notes

The public-use data files in this collection are available for access by the general public. Access does not require affiliation with an ICPSR member institution.

The citation of this study may have changed due to the new version control system that has been implemented. Please see version history for more details.

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