..These findings suggest that ADAR2-reduction is associated with progressive deterioration of nuclear architecture, resulting in vacuolated nuclei due to a Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptor-mediated mechanism. ..

..Moreover, giant mitochondrial vacuoles occupying almost the entire axonal caliber could be another contributing factor in motor neuron degeneration, in that they could physically block axonal transport...

Slow component of axonal transport is impaired in the proximal axon of transgenic mice with a G93A mutant SOD1 gene

..These findings suggest that both the slow axonal transport of neurofilaments and the fast axonal transport of mitochondria are impaired in AH and IS before the onset of disease in this animal model...

..These findings suggest a certain relationship between BI, SI and LBHI in the pathomechanism of BI development. Further studies are needed to elucidate whether sporadic adult-onset MND characterized by BI forms a different subtype of MND...

Ultrastructural study of Betz cells in the primary motor cortex of the human brain

..Our results indicate that enhanced HHE formation occurs in the entire gray matter of sporadic ALS spinal cords and suggest that the selective vulnerability of motor neurons to HHE mediates the pathomechanism of this disease...

Intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study in Japanese men and women

..The supplementation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) improves NAFLD. The aim of this study is to assess the cross-sectional association between dietary n-3 PUFAs and NAFLD in Japanese men and women...

..Further studies are needed to determine whether the increased nNOS immunoreactivity plays a neuroprotective or neurotoxic role in the anterior horn neurons, and to show nitric oxide production in ALS...

EAAT1 and EAAT2 immunoreactivity in transgenic mice with a G93A mutant SOD1 gene

..The preservation of these synapses may be due to their relative resistance to degenerative processes, or may represent a compensatory mechanism of the synapses for diminished synaptic function in distal dendrites...

Spreading depolarization waves triggered by vagal stimulation in the embryonic chick brain: optical evidence for intercellular communication in the developing central nervous system

..To investigate the risk of germ-line transmission of vector sequences after in vivo adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to mouse testes and to discuss whether an adenovirus vector could be used in the future to treat male factor infertility...

Quantification of alpha1-adrenoceptor subtypes by real-time RT-PCR and correlation with age and prostate volume in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients

..We performed histological analyses of undescended testes to evaluate the influence of orchiopexy timing in an experimental cryptorchid rat model. Furthermore, we extrapolated the timing of orchiopexy in humans from our results...