Vercingetorix Throws Down his Arms at the Feet of Julius Caesar (1899) - painting depicting the surrender of the Gallic chieftain Vercingetorix to Caesar after the Battle of Alesia - Credit: Lionel Noel Royer

The Gauls were a Celtic people who inhabited the region of Gaul (roughly corresponding to modern-day France, parts of Belgium, western Germany and northern Italy) from the Iron Age through the Roman period.