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Comparative anatomy the study of comparative anatomy predates the modern study of evolution early evolutionary scientists like buffon and lamarck used comparative anatomy to determine relationships between species organisms with similar structures they argued must have acquired these traits from a common ancestor. Comparative embryology the first known study of comparative developmental anatomy was undertaken by aristotle in the fourth century bce he noted the different ways that animals are born from eggs oviparity as in birds frogs and most invertebrates by live birth viviparity as in eutherian mammals or by producing an egg that . Comparative anatomy and embryology analogous structures analogous structures are structures that are similar in different organisms because they evolved in a similar environmentrather then having an common ancestor vestigial structures vestigial structures or vestigial organs. Compare homology and embryology to comparative anatomy acknowledge the fact that molecular biology helps explain some of what comparative anatomy cannot to unlock this lesson you must be a study . Comparative embryology is the scientific study of the similarities in structure between the embryos of various species that suggest a possible link to a common ancestor early developmental patterns are collated and compared to investigate the likely relationships among evolved organisms scientists