The authors explain in detail how and why people with diabetes are at increased risk of dental and other oral problems, and how these problems can further increase blood glucose, causing a vicious circle of infection and hypoglycemia.Complications and comorbidities — Tooth and gum complications

Functional health literacy embraces both the need for patients to understand health information and their ability to understand it. The author explains how to address an imbalance between these two factors.Education — Health literacy

Metformin was developed in 1957, but because of its unfortunate family history was not cleared for use in the United States until 1994. Dr. Reasner reviews its highly successful history since that time.Drug treatment — Metformin