Abstract

The scientific study of cognition in the context of biological evolution
(Cognition and Evolution, CE) has led to the result, that all our
thoughts and cognitions, including science and philosophy, are
dependent on our cognitive apparatus in its present stage of
evolution. I find, that this result is in contradiction with the basic
philosophy of mainstream biology, the philosophy of materialist
realism, which recognizes the existence a material world
independent of human observation and cognition. I ther efore
regard it as impossible to make a contradiction-free account of CE
based on materialist realism (including "hypothetical realism"). An
account of natural science, biological evolution, and CE based on an
idealist philosophy is offered, and it is argued that this account is
free of contradictions.
Key words : Cognition and biological evolution, contradiction-free
account, philosophy of science, idealist philosophy, materialist
philosophy, time, psychological Now.d

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