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Though most people don't respond to bogus investment pitches, 11 percent have lost "significant" amounts of money in scams, according to the survey by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, a Wall Street industry watchdog.

The poll also indicates that many Americans are gullible. More than two of five people surveyed had trouble deciphering classic warning signs of financial fraud, such as promises of unrealistically large investment returns.

Elderly people are particularly vulnerable, FINRA said, both to being targeted and to falling prey and losing money.

"When it comes to financial fraud, America is a nation at risk," said Gerri Walsh, president of FINRA's investor education foundation. "Fraudsters are very effective at reaching and enticing vulnerable populations into turning over their money, and far too few Americans are able to detect likely fraudulent sales pitches."

The poll of 2,364 Americans age 40 or older suggests that millions of Americans have been solicited as potential victims, often through emails offering prodigious but unrealistic riches.

The survey found that 64 percent of people had been invited to an "educational" investment seminar that probably was a sales pitch.

And 67 percent reported receiving an email from another country offering a large amount of money in exchange for an initial deposit or fee — in other words, the Nigerian prince offering a small fortune for shepherding his money to the United States is probably a scam.

In a sign of Americans' vulnerability, four in 10 people said they'd be attracted to an investment promising to more than double their money in a year. And 43 percent said they would be drawn to "fully guaranteed" investments when, of course, that's a contradiction in terms.