Picture: The proposed advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) architecture consists of the home area network (HAN), the neighborhood area network (NAN), the trusted third party (TTP), the data concentrator and the control center. (credits: Imtiaz Parvez, Arif I. Sarwat, Longfei Wei and Aditya Sundararajan)

Picture: The proposed advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) architecture consists of the home area network (HAN), the neighborhood area network (NAN), the trusted third party (TTP), the data concentrator and the control center. (credits: Imtiaz Parvez, Arif I. Sarwat, Longfei Wei and Aditya Sundararajan)

Use of "Smart Grid" technologies can impact carbon emissions — but by how much? A new Emissions Quantification Tool can estimate the answer to that question. (Credit: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)