The results of research funded by U.S. taxpayers will be made freely available online under a new White House directive.

In a memo last week, John Holdren, the director of the White House office of science and technology policy (OSTP), notified federal agencies that they will have to make the results of studies they fund available on the Internet, 12 months after they appear in a scientific journal.

Separately, Holden wrote about the policy change in an official response to a White House "We the People" petition. That petition, which launched in May 2012 and gathered more than 65,000 signatures, had urged President Barack Obama to require free access to scientific journal articles from publicly funded research.

"The logic behind enhanced public access is plain," Holdren wrote in the response. "We know that scientific research supported by the Federal Government spurs scientific breakthroughs and economic advances when research results are made available to innovators. Policies that mobilize these intellectual assets for re-use through broader access can accelerate scientific breakthroughs, increase innovation, and promote economic growth."

The policy is similar to a 2008 National Institutes of Health (NIH) directive that now requires federally funded biomedical research to be made publicly available through an online archive called PubMed Central a year after appearing in a scientific journal.

The new rule will apply to agencies that spend more than $100 million in research and development. These agencies will have six months to draft their plan "to support increased public access to the results of research funded by the federal government," Holdren's directive says.

The Obama administration's move was applauded by many open-access advocates and scientists, including the American Astronomical Society (AAS), which says it has a similar delayed-access policy for its own journals and publishes a great deal of space research funded by NASA or the National Science Foundation.

"This is a win-win situation," AAS executive officer Kevin B. Marvel said in a statement. "The administration's policy supports academic publishers even as it makes the results of taxpayer-funded research freely available to the public. This sensible approach will help the AAS continue to pursue its mission to enhance and share humanity’s scientific understanding of the universe."

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Megan Gannon

Megan started writing for Live Science and Space.com in 2012. Her interests range from archaeology to space exploration, and she has a bachelor's degree in English and art history from New York University. Megan spent two years as a reporter on the national desk at NewsCore. She has watched dinosaur auctions, witnessed rocket launches, licked ancient pottery sherds in Cyprus and flown in zero gravity. Follow her on Twitter and Google+.