They were reluctant litigants—women who spent decades building esteemed careers and conducting groundbreaking research, while raising children. They came from the country's best colleges and doctoral programs to teach at a medical school in the heart of Newark. They brought in, on average, more research dollars than male colleagues. And, according to a 5-year-old suit that was settled this month, they were systematically underpaid as male colleagues outpaced them in salary and promotions—year after year.