Filipinos, how are you adapting to climate change? You ask, we answer

Climate change is definitely upon us. You don’t need to have a scientific mind to realize this, as recent natural calamities have shown in the Philippines, which also swept through some parts of Southeast Asia causing hundreds of casualties and losses to the economy: Typhoons Ondoy (International name: Ketsana) and Pepeng (Parma) in 2009 that flooded Metro Manila; Sendong (Washi) in 2011 which was recognized as the world’s deadliest storm in 2011; and Pablo (Bopha) in 2012. Certainly, this is a little discomforting and makes us a little bit apprehensive about our future. To lessen our anxiety about this phenomenon, it helps to ask questions and get answers. It’s also good to know if something is being done to address the problem – and know that it is being done right.

The Aquino government has been very aggressive in its approach to address the problem of climate change. It staffed the Climate Change Commission (CCC) and made it functional. The CCC coordinates and provides oversight and policy advice on programs and projects on climate change. It is also tasked to craft the National Strategic Framework on Climate Change and the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP). The latter serves as the country’s roadmap to effectively deal with the problem. The CCC also takes a strong stand in international negotiations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

To give more teeth to the government’s efforts to adapt to climate change, another law was passed creating the People’s Survival Fund (PSF). With an initial fund of P1 billion pesos (equivalent to US25 million), the special fund will be used for climate change adaptation programs and projects at the local level.

To ensure that the government stays on the right path, through the Climate Change Commission and the Department of Budget and Management, it has requested the World Bank to undertake a study to review government expenditures related to climate change and institutions with mandates to address climate change.

The study called the Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Review or CPEIR, also provides a general backdrop of projected increases in global temperature and its corresponding effects:

Globally, since 1950, ocean temperature increased by about 0.09oC

Sea levels have been rising by 15-20 cm from pre-industrial levels with the rate nearly doubling from that of the past century.

Industrial activity was non-existent in the Philippines during this period and any GHG emission could only come from agricultural and other normal processes. However, as a small and archipelagic country, the Philippines is highly vulnerable to sea-level rise. The report cited a study (Dasgupta et al. 2009) which listed the cities of San Jose, Manila, Roxas and Cotabato among the top 10 most vulnerable cities in the East Asia and Pacific Region to sea-level rise.

Based on the study, climate change clearly poses a threat to human survival. It foretells of the submergence of coastal communities due to sea-level rise. It also projects the occurrence of frequent and stronger typhoons, and of prolonged, intense heat in the summers and heavy rains and flooding during rainy season. It also tells of the dire consequences of these natural catastrophes to human habitation, food supply, the degradation of ecosystem services and eventual extinction of some species. This clearly shows that climate change is a development issue that threatens the gains and economic development attained in past decades. Agriculture, for instance, which relies on a stable, regular weather pattern will be adversely affected, if such pattern is disrupted by climate change.

While the Philippines is not a major green house gas (GHG) emitter, the report projects that our country’s GHG emission will continue to increase in the years to come. This growth will be due to a growing economy, heightened urbanization, increased demand and use of energy and the expected increase in the number of vehicles, all of which are highly dependent on crude oil for energy.

Given the above, the report recommends several measures along three main lines:

enhancing leadership and accountability through monitoring, evaluation, and review of climate change policies and activities

building capacity and managing change

The report, to be launched on June 25, 2013 in Manila, also calls on the government to address several barriers to effective implementation of the climate change agenda.

Meanwhile, a survey commissioned by the World Bank and conducted by the Social Weather Station finds that many Filipinos say they are now experiencing the effects of a changing climate. The survey looked into the level of knowledge of Filipinos about the impacts of climate change as well as their personal experience/s about it. We’ll soon share the results of this survey on www.worldbank.org/ph, but in the meantime, perhaps there are those who are still in the dark about how to adapt to a changing climate, or how the government is working to mitigate its effects.

If you have questions about this topic or would like to share some observations about your environment, please post them in the comments section of this blog. Join the conversation on Twitter by sending your feedback to @worldbankasia and to @CCCommissionPh with hashtag #askCCC and we'll make sure to respond to them. We hope to address all your concerns and will be selecting five of the most pressing questions and answer them in a short video called 5 Questions, 5 Minutes to be posted on www.worldbank.org/ph. Ask now!

Comments

Historically, Filipinos have been adapting to the rapid change for the past century with regards to the weather. Typhoons build up during summer, warm climate on the rainy season, unexplainable flooding , etc. Our Government already took necessary precautionary measures. Including but not limited to, NGO's on standby to provide relief aid, AFP, Philippine Red Cross, PNP to name a few. The government sector already started to increase the height of our elevation of our roads and built flood gates and effective drainage systems.

But, regardless of these measures that has already took place. Calamities are still affecting our community. Is it because of the lack of manpower? Resources or equipment? Despite of all the efforts our society exerts, we were not able to fully prevent or at the very least, be able to cruise through a storm.

Several focus group discussions and root cause analysis has been made with regard to the issue at hand. Reforestation was already a practice but illegal logging is still an issue. Philippines is not a major green house gas (GHG) emitter. But, considering the fact that the Philippines is an archipelago surrounded by bodies of water. We are vulnerable to the impending change and effects of climate change. As per the World Bank report. Sea levels have been rising by 15-20 cm from pre-industrial levels with the rate nearly doubling from that of the past century. Hypothetically speaking. We will be able to adapt from the changing climate if the People’s Survival Fund (PSF) are being utilized to its purpose, not somewhere else. A moment to ponder..

Global Warming as we know it is inevitable. Climate change is already gaining on us. There's no one else to blame but all of us...well most of us. Prevention of Global Warming "may" be possible but the best thing that we could do now is to slow it down. The thing is, our government doesn't really prioritize the cleanliness of our environment. When I went to the United States, when you're caught by the cops throwing even a piece of plastic wrapper on the streets, you'll end up being reprimanded. Filipinos need to be disciplined the hard way. Most of the Filipinos are like children. They are very stubborn. In the US, citizens are "afraid" to disobey the law because the sanctions that are given once you break the law would make you think more than twice to break it. Here in the Philippines, people aren't afraid of cops because cops also break the law themselves and they could easily be bribed. Filipinos need to live in a more strict environment. As individuals, yes we may have done our jobs to be an essential part of the society but that is not enough. We ALL must move as one in order to save the humanity.

We aren't also the ones at fault. Our government is also to be blamed. The TAX we pay that should be used for the betterment of the society end up in the pockets of our corrupt leaders. I couldn't imagine how thick their faces are. Thinking that they money they use to build roofs over their heads, food to satisfy their cravings and hunger, fancy clothes to wear, luxurious cars that they don't even need came from hardworking Filipinos thinking that the TAX they pay would be used to make our country a better place to live in. I honestly despise our government. I'm disgusted on how they indulge themselves with money they didn't even work for.

If I'm given a chance to speak out loud to ALL the Filipinos, I would recommend a total government reboot wherein we are given a chance to elect leaders that are really meant to lead us all. No more campaigns to earn votes, no more fancy jingles and other ways of convincing others to vote them. There must be a monthly budget report to be shown to all of the Filipinos to see where our money is going, government officials MUST only receive the salaries they're supposed to receive. No more bonuses. No more PDAF. The reason why I'm focusing all my rants to the government is because they're capable of earning so much money that's enough to save our environment and to save those who were and will be affected by calamities. Yes we as ordinary people couldn't stop climate change but the government has the power to speak to the entire Filipino nation to inform us of what's to come if we continue with our current way of living. If Global Warming is already on its peak, we may be left extinct. Some of us may think that "hey what the heck, we won't be here to witness everything when it comes down". Don't forget about our future generations. They won't be able to enjoy what's yet to see.

I have read the WB report and it is said that there are departments that lack knowledge and staffs that are skilled on climate policy, financing and institutions.

It's actually great to hear that the government is trying to prepare us for climate change. The thing is, they could actually do more than what they're doing now. If they would put the money of the people in good use then everything else will go smoothly.

Upon reading the World Bank Report, it is alarming to learn how our country will be immensely impacted by global climate change. In the report, negative effects range from agricultural and fishing industry risks, lack of food supply, landslides, flooding, droughts, and may even impact tourism.

While it is true that the Aquino administration has taken these global climate changes to heart and has been persistent in forming organizations such as Climate Change Commission (CCC), Cabinet Cluster on Climate Change (CCCC) and People’s Survival Fund Board (PSFB) as well as involving various government sectors and local government units; there is still a glaring opportunity to effectively implement designed climate change action plans. This is mainly attributed to the general scopes of responsibilities assigned to these organizations and vague alignments that relate each organization’s task and accountability. Apart from these indistinct lines of interdepartmental relationships, there is also a lack in technology, from a monitoring and evaluation perspective, that will help put climate change action plans to fruition. Furthermore, there is an evident lack in skilled personnel who would be able to employ these plans.

In this light, it is also important to consider the government funding with respect to climate appropriation. Due to lack of standardization, there is an opportunity to identify and streamline government budgets to climate-specific projects, activities and plans. And since, we are already experiencing the impacts of global climate change; bulk of the budget allocations target projects in relation to flood control and management, et al. Thus, sacrificing the development of the skilled personnel who are needed to effectively execute and assess progress or gaps in the climate action plans that have been put forward.

In summary, I believe that though the country is in the right direction in terms of addressing and mitigating global climate change; however, the road to achieve monumental successes is still far ahead. We have only scratched the surface of this environmental concern. To achieve further wins in this climate battle, I am in definite agreement with the recommendations that have been presented by the World Bank. Additionally, from a micro-level perspective, I believe that general public awareness to our current situation would be able to help encourage each citizen to do their part in preventing climate change and mitigating its impacts. Education and awareness is key, not only can it promote sustainable living in every Filipino household; it can also bring about a higher level of consciousness in every Filipino. Thus, each citizen is empowered with the full understanding that this problem does not rely solely on the shoulders of our government. And, that every one of us, should be part of the solution.

References:
Getting a grip… on climate change in the Philippines. Retrieved from http://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/Worldbank/document/EAP/Philippines/OverviewCPEIR.pdf

What we’re experiencing and happening to the Philippines is not merely in our country but all over the world. Earthquake, typhoons, floods, landslide, sinkholes and sea level rise are extreme events happening. Seasons changing from hot weather to cold weather vice versa, even its summer yet sometimes you experience rainfall. A little rain cause flood around Metro Manila. In provinces, if typhoon strike affected area would declare State of Calamity since infrastructure are broke down, crops and livelihood of the people are affected and damage. In news, if the weather forecast say a strong storm is coming we could feel the fears on what would this one bring to us like the previous Ondoy, Pedring, and Sendong etc. The good thing is people become aware and prepared.

It’s a good thing were taking part in the climate change issue. With the Climate Change Commission (CCC) goals and concept such as leading climate policy making and coordinating, monitoring and evaluation climate programs and action plans. But because of its wide area of responsibilities the CCC has not been able to divert enough resources to administer for the immediate action on climate change. According to the World Bank is that the CCC jointly responsible for several task with other agencies yet its effectiveness is limited by the lack of clear or formalized roles and relationships. And what is crucial is they might have all the methods or resources but its limited and theirs also limitation to each party. That’s why they have to clarify the relationship to ensure effective implementation.

One of the factors of climate change is the green gas emission. Although our country don’t have the biggest emission production yet we are participating to help. But is the Philippines ready to contribute to reduce global warming without affecting our goal to rise up in the industries and one of the developing country. If only greater effort is enforce in cutting down greenhouse gas emission especially in rich countries but cannot totally reduce it’s since their industries and economic growth will suffer. It’s hard to say because sometimes they are doing it in the name of development and prosperity but result in an opposite perspective that harm and affect Mother Nature.

Having enough knowledge and awareness we can address the issue of climate change. The need to participate would serve as a guide to understand the basic concepts and ideas, the cause and effect, relationships and human nature. And for the government, it’s all about leadership to develop a core capabilities to talk, to plan, to evaluate and strong implementation for a long term development.

Human intervention is never too late as long as we take part with it and help.

The WB exclusive report has given us a detailed and elaborate review and investigation on climate change in the Philippines and its exposure to the harsh environmental conditions that bring about major changes in all dimensions of society. And because of the extreme effects of climate change in the country, the review cited major threats on the country's environmental, social and structural growth. While governmental preventive and corrective actions are being taken such as the establishment of the Climate Change Commission and the National Climate Change Action Plan to deal with the present crisis, the review presents weaknesses in the implementation of procedures to effectively carry out the measures. The review also included pillars or recommendations as to how the Philippines can go about a successful implementation of the climate change adaptation and how social learning can bring a huge impact on the society's readiness for change.

Unfortunately, as much as social awareness and learning are promoted to Filipinos regarding climate change, the core of the problem is not cognitive but internal. Filipinos fail in terms of discipline. While naturally, the water level rises, the flooding in many areas of the country are mostly caused by human disposals. This can be perfectly attributed to unconstraint attitudes of the citizens concerning their laws. Also, the enforcement of the laws on care for the environment is weak. With these perpetual habits, nature will eventually take its toll. As I quote Ma.Glenda Wui in her book, Foundations of Behavioural Science 2003, she says that,
"Nature, and the imperatives of its laws, will be our most powerful teacher as we learn our way to a new society. "

Nature's vengeance can instil so much trauma, pain and sufferings for those who will be greatly affected. But no matter how painful, it will pave a way for change. A new society.
Constructively, when we talk about a new society, it does not mean that we destroy everything that is existing but rather we move forward into making it sustainable for all of us. As Filipinos experience growth in the many dimensions of society and as we pursue quality of life, we neglect to consider the values attached to it. Our self-seeking, short-sighted intentions to promote good living causes a humungous strain on our environment. The need to exhibit primary values such as justice, security and love for our resources are vital collective characteristics of a successful act of sustaining and preserving our environment. Practically speaking, we should think twice before throwing pieces of candy wrappers on the street, before we burn our garbage, before we cut trees, before we buy products in the grocery, before we build businesses, and before we make laws of our land. We should take an active part in adapting and sustaining our environment.

It is known that the Philippines, is vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Typhoons and landslides are the common climate-related threats that the country faces every year. To be honest, this is the first time I have heard of the Climate Change Commission (CCC) and I am glad that the government already took the initiative to establish this organization. However, one major concern here is that even if, let’s say the government already have had plans and budget for the policies or programs for these natural disaster threats, how well do we, the citizens adhere to this policies and programs? After all, the people are to blame why we are experiencing all these negative effects of climate change and not the government.

As an ordinary citizen, we need discipline and help each other to change the way we treat our environment. We have to help the government in implementing the rules on this matter of climate change. An example of this is to teach ourselves to throw our garbage in the right places and help preserve our natural resources. We can start by doing these simple things which will greatly help our surroundings.

How We Adapt to Climate Change
We, the people of the world are the cause of global warming that produced climate change all over the world. We shouldn’t solely blame the government for all the tragedies we experience like heavy floods, landslides, earthquakes, and many more. These tragedies that occurred in our own country should make us reevaluate our own environment and find solutions.
But what are we, Filipinos doing to adapt to climate change?
I know that some Filipinos are stubborn and lack discipline that even some doesn’t follow simple signs as to where he should throw garbage. No, I am not saying this to insult fellow Filipinos but to open your eyes that even in this simple way, we can lessen the effect of climate change in our own country. .
Filipino citizens together with the government, factories, corporations, and mining community should join forces in saving Mother Nature. Granted, the government is doing a lot more effective campaigns since typhoon ‘ONDOY ‘regarding climate change. But, is it enough? We, as a normal citizen or even a citizen, who owns big corporation must also do his part on what the government has implemented for it to be fully efficient and maximized. We must also aware the people of the larger risk of climate change if we just neglect it now.
Reference: http://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/Worldbank/document/EAP/Philippines/OverviewCPEIR.pdf

The World Bank article about Climate Change clearly highlights the ideas and challenges the society might face during this phenomena. The general effect of this let’s say in The Philippines is economically impacting especially in the tourism and trading industry. Imagine if 100 farmers are unable to harvest rice because the farm is flooded then this problem might affect the supply of rice in the entire nation, but what if there are more than 100 farmers out there who are affected by this? High demand – low supply = PRICE INCREASE. The result is = RALLY :-)

How are we adapting from Climate Change? Is this really an issue that is popularly known? or an issue that’s been rejected by many?
Let me start from myself, how I am adapting from climate change. I make sure that I am healthy, physically fit and environmentally friendly because there’s no way I can stop this situation so I’d rather prevent this from giving me negative impacts.

How am I protecting myself with regard to climate change? first is I have stored medicines inside my travelling bag and in times of sickness or even a simple headache I have something to take for prevention, then I have a bottled water all the time for rehydration lastly I have an umbrella so I can be protected from the heat of the sun and also to avoid heat stroke. This is how am I protecting myself from climate change.

With regard to the society I believe that we have different moves and practices as to how can we adapt to climate change. To be honest I don’t think people notice it, I think Filipinos are more concern about earning money for their families rather than dwelling on situations like climate change as what I’ve noticed so, in short PEOPLE DON’T CARE and this is the main reason why the Climate Change Commission of the Philippines is currently running it’s campaign for awareness. Prevention is better than cure that’s why they want us to be more conscious about climate change because if we get enough knowledge then it’s easier for us to adapt to any kinds of climate related hazards.

People are violent against Mother Nature. Illegal logging, oil Spills from factories that kills sea creatures and coral reefs, littering and many more. We’re just concerned about “what can we get” but we’re not aware of what would be the “effect in general” So, I admit during typhoons like the recent one, while I’m watching the news I can’t help but to blame the people who gets affected by flood and landslides all over the country. Many of them chose to stay even if the government is already advising them to vacate the place, but they opted to stay. The government on the other hand may do projects about this, but no matter how many projects are being implemented, no matter how big the budget is if there is no cooperation and awareness from people then I don’t think it’s possible for us to make a difference.

Like an autumn leaf that is dancing while falling to the ground reminds me that there’s no way we can stop “fall” from coming. If we don’t take responsibility and change our habits then nothing is going to be left for the upcoming generations.

World Bank Report on Getting a Grip on Climate Change in the Philippines
Contributing to the foundation and ensuring the future for a low-carbon, climate resilient society through the Philippine Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Review
Public Expenditure and Institutional Review
The document aims to consolidate the strategic direction of the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP). The 2009 Climate Change Act of 2009 called for the formulation of a National Framework on Climate Change (NFCC), which defines the overall parameters for developing the NCCAP. Hence, the NCCAP is the lead policy document guiding the climate agenda at all levels of government from 2011-2028.

As far as I know, there is already an existing document, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) under the Kyoto Protocol (KP) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) which addresses greenhouse gas emission reductions. The KP is a legally binding instrument that strengthens the UNFCCC. As far as I know, the CDM is one of the three market-based flexibility mechanisms under the KP. In fact in the Philippines, the DENR is the designated national authority (DNA) of the CDM.

My question is: How does this document relate to the CDM as far as addressing the climate change issues in the Philippines? This document does not explain its relation and relevance to the CDM.

After reading the World Bank report, I felt glad that the Philippine government is addressing the problems related to climate change. However, what they are doing is still not enough. Climate change-related calamities such as floods and landslides are still happening in the country and the number of deaths and economic losses are rising. According to the report, budget for PAPs (Programs, Activities, and Projects) and the public's awareness is not sufficient. I think the government should focus first on programs which aim to inform the public about climate change, its negative effects, and what they can do in order to lessen these effects. By knowing the impact of climate change on their lives, the people will realize the importance of having to protect Mother Earth. But the fight against climate change is not only the government's but also ours.

As Filipinos and inhabitants of Earth, it is our responsibility to take care of our environment. Having initiative, sensitivity, and discipline will greatly help in the rehabilitation of our planet. Through acting together and helping each other, I believe that we and our planet still have a chance of creating a better world to live in.

Unknown to some, a UN special envoy praised the Philippines for having the best climate change laws compared to the rest of the world. It's just so frustrating to know that even with these laws in place, the harmful effects of the occurring climate change due to excessive GHG emissions will take decades to reverse. We should have seen this problem coming since studies have been made in the 50's about the possible repercussions of man-made activities such as heavy industrialization.

Here in the Philippines, it's great to know that the current administration is serious about pursuing steps, setting plans and reforms to combat the effects of climate change. Unfortunately there seems to be a lack of coordination among private agencies and LGUs when they should be the ones disseminating the much needed and important information to the people under their jurisdiction. It should not get to the point where we realize how dangerous our environmental situation is until it's too late.

We may have very good laws –the best ones, in fact. But, laws are only as good as they are on paper and it won’t work if it is not being seriously followed and implemented properly. It's important to know that we should begin the change within ourselves by starting to listen and educating ourselves about this issue at hand.

Sources and References

1. Smith, T.
Is the Philippines’ climate law the best in the world?. (May 4, 2012). Retrieved from http://www.rtcc.org/2012/05/05/is-the-philippines-climate-law-the-best-in-the-world/

It is a good thing that our government is taking action in the adaptation on climate change. But I think that the foremost thing that should be done is to change our own mindset of how we view and value our own environment and learn how to adapt to it changes.
We Filipinos know in ourselves that we lack discipline considering our surroundings, doing things like throwing garbage in wrong places especially in rivers and canals. But I know we Filipinos could change this if they have the will.
If we Filipinos could just observe proper discipline and learn to love and take care of our surroundings as we treat our own house and backyard, then our environment will be clean and orderly, planting more trees and grasses, then the Philippines would have less damage caused by strong typhoons and other disasters.

We, as a developing country, is highly vulnerable to the adverse impact of climate change. It has been manifested in the country in terms of weather disturbances including increased number of stronger typhoons, heavy flooding and other extreme weather events associated with climate change. These corresponding disasters have resulted to significant loss of human lives and huge amount of money due to destruction of properties including agriculture. Just recently, we have experienced unstoppable heavy rains over the Luzon area which resulted to heavy flooding in Metro Manila and the nearby provinces. While it is true that President Noy himself shares his concern about the disaster preparedness, we, the whole Filipino community, should be more responsible in facing the occurrence especially during rainy season. We should act now so we may not be able to face great obstacles. In our own little ways, let’s practically join small organization in our very own barangay about cleanliness and the ways to prevent pollution. Let’s look at our drainage systems, our waste management systems. We still can save our environment. It might be a long way, but we, more than anybody else, will benefit most with our little acts of concern. Proper discipline and the love for the Philippines should both be dealt by every Filipino. Let’s start cleaning our dear Pearl of the Orient.

On my part, I can say that I am relieved to know that the Aquino administration is taking measures and actions for Filipinos to cope with the prevalent problem of climate change. This is a global issue since it does not only affects Filipinos but all of humanities and the whole of our world’s ecosystem, and our country’s participation in the global institutions involved in this awareness is a good sign that’ll we will find ways, through the cooperative efforts of global community, to cope up with this issue.
Taken from the report, it states that an autonomous agency has been put up and tasked to manage and evaluate the programs and action plans of the government relating to climate change. The agency also formulated the National Framework Strategy on Climate Change, National Climate Change Action Plan and guidelines for Local Climate Change Action Plan.
We are all aware of how our country’s archipelagic structure and position, being within the rim of Ring of Fire and Pacific Typhoon belt, made our country susceptible to major natural disasters, consequently, worsening the adverse effects of climate change towards us.
A similar report presented at Workshop on Climate Change and its Impact on Agriculture held in Seoul, in December, 2011 by Solatre and Baltazar stated that “The current climate trends shows that the Philippines like rest of the world has exhibited increasing temperature, and reduction in rainfall in most parts of the country will also be expected during the MAM (March April May) season. Extreme rainfall is projected to increase in Luzon and the Visayas, while a decreasing trend is projected in Mindanao.” This is all very true as from what I observed these last few months, all over the news.
The survey commissioned by World Bank concludes that majority of our countrymen are aware of the issue on climate change, and how its impacts brought negative effects to our lives. These may include reduced of crop productions or harvest as plants is heavily dependent on weather conditions. Damaged to properties and loss of lives brought by floodings caused us all aware how it can badly changed our world. This is a good sign for our government to continue it’s effort to implement laws regarding the issues, accordingly, people will be more cooperative. Let the people know that the government is doing all possible means for us to adapt with the situation. Also campaigns should be properly delivered to people. Educating people would be the best weapon to fight the climate change. Let them know that by simply planting one tree; proper waste disposal; turning off the lights when not use; using tabo instead of shower, and all such simple acts, they’re already doing their share of care for our Mother Earth.
The mentioned Php 1B fund should be properly distributed with the concern institutions and spent in a rightful manner and not within the authority of corrupt officials. I just hope that since Aquino is showing good signs in battling the rampant problem of corruption, the CCC agency is being staffed with right people to handle the task. I’ve seen lot of good projects right now, intended to battle the degrading condition of our planet, such as the no-plastic policy, I’ve seen how cooperative the store owners with this current ordinance in our barangay since they are obliged to pay Php 500 for each use of extra plastic bags for packing their merchandise (yeah right, we can drink soda without straw). A 500.00 pesos is already a harsh punishment for a small businessman. That is one small example of strict implementation of possible regulations the government can came up with. If one small barangay can put certain penalty to a small businesses, then be it in a national level that penalties should be imposed to big companies whose not showing concerns to our planet.
Though it is stated in the report of the World Bank on Climate Change that we are minor contributor to global warming, GHG emissions are projected to quadruple in the energy sector and double in the transport sector by 2030 due to its growing economy, urbanization and motorization, the earliest preparation on how to overcome this projection should be done.
Producers of harmful products that may emit greenhouse gases should be warned (or castigated) by the government and that they should come up with products less harmful in the most near future, or else, the product need to be banned.
Moreover, in these overall battle for climate change, since it has been observed that in the Philippines, the current agencies lacks knowledgeable staff and experts to look after this issue, government should encourage the youth to engage in this field of study. Government might as well offer scholarships for interested students who want to gain expertise in the said field. Seminars and trainings, and experimental studies, should be funded for exploring means of solving the climate issue problems. Many of our young people would be interested to be of help since it’ll be their generation (and their children) that’ll be taken care of.
It’s all a matter of discipline and exploring other possible resources.

I remember how I was attentively doing my research paper about Climate Change on my high school senior time years ago and at the same time bothersome upon learning the facts and foreseen effects. From the sea level rise, melting ice bergs, heat waves to atmospheric holes etc., things I was personally unaware until I did the research paper. Perhaps those were also infamous among the masses during that time, year 2008.

It was just five years back. Upon reading this and the World Bank Report, I could certainly agree to the statement that a scientific mind is not needed to realize this occurrence. A research is not even necessary. Nowadays, the moment you come out of the door, climate change greets you. Not, however, with a wonderful welcome, but of either a scorching heat of the sun, floods from heavy rainfall or any form of drought. The unpredictable weather changes can be easily felt everywhere. The climate is not how it used to be, but it seems to be aggravating like a usual thing. Typhoons, flashfloods and erosions are recurrent every now and then. The impacts are obviously not negligible.

The government’s initiative to put up the Climate Change Commission (CCC) was commendable, even the foreword from the World Bank Report speaks so. However, the sad part as usual, was the ineffective implementation, budgetary constraints, insufficiency of equipments and many other concerns. Same problem arises, and we as vulnerable to all its effect due to our geographical location, extremely needs to follow the way forward as recommended on the WB article. We Filipinos can adapt, but not to the extent that we have to just let things be. It is to act now collectively or we expect even the worse cases of damages ahead. Being aware and not doing a thing is pure irresponsibility. Let us think of the next generations to suffer more from all of this.

I know this forum is about how we Filipinos are adopting to climate change, but I think looking at other models will allow us to see how others are coping up. And with it we would know what we should do as a nation.

I'm currently in Beijing on a business trip. Today I had the chance to travel around Beijing to get a glimpse of what Beijing could offer. But I'm not going to talk about the beauty of Beijing, what I want to talk about is how they are coping up with their pollution problem.

Travelling from Manila to Beijing will give you a culture shock, not because you may be the last person who doesn't understand the language, but because the climate in Beijing is far different from Manila. Just before we landed at the airport I got a chance to glimpse down and I saw how beautiful Beijing from above. I did not see the squatter colonies that you will normally see when your plane touchdown in NAIA. In Beijing there is none of those. However what really bothered me is the thick fog (smog?) that covered the whole of Beijing. That is just a glimpse of how big the pollution problem is in Beijing.

When I woke up this morning I saw the sun shining but not as bright as it is in Manila. It is caused by the thick smog that cloaks the city from the heat of the sun. You can even look directly at the sun and don't get the usual eye strain.

Beijing is an industrial city, and China is one of certified industrialized nations. Almost all of the electronic gadgets you will see and touch have the "Made in China" seal, albeit in part. China became an industrialized nation, but it seems to me that the efforts that they are doing to curtail the expected by-product of their success, smog, fog or whatever you call it, are not really enough to limit the emission of carbon dioxide at this time. Or are they getting there? Not sure. But how does Beijing (and China as a whole) cope up?

The government admitted about this issue and they realized that this could undermine social stability. And so, the government issued policies that would curb the pollution by restraining the industries that pollute the environment. They have imposed stricter penalties, they imposed other rules that may not be direct environmental policies, but policies that support the efforts to curb the pollution problem. This includes policy on transparency on environmental information, including coordination of government in different sectors or levels.

Meanwhile the citizens have to contend with wearing masks, especially for those who have lung problems. I read in one article that one school had to create a 'breathing dome' or 'pollution domes', practically a dome that is pressurized where sports activities are performed. At different levels the citizens are suffering.

Our government should look at where China went wrong, and what China is currently doing to make it right. China is a good case study for our government. They will need to look at the regulations, implementations and penalties that are currently imposed in China. The government needs to enact necessary laws that will ensure real growth in our economy, one that has lasting effect, and one that has the health of its citizens in mind.

The effects of climate change are alarming wherein we see the rise of the oceans. Some island nations are at risks especially when communities are at sea level. The Philippines is a tropical archipelago. Majority of densely populated area are situated in the coasts. Some are in the rivers as well. The first to feel the effects of climate change are from the coastal communities. Let us take the City of Manila as an example. Some places in the city are in the sea level or worse, below sea level. Drainage was such a nemesis of the city because there is no way out for the sewage. If ever rain would fall, there would be massive flooding in the city. Now due to climate change, storms became stronger. The effect of a super typhoon would bring in 25 ft wall of water or storm surge. (As seen in the picture above). This would mean that majority of City of Manila or perhaps the NCR would be flooded. Let us say that we experienced typhoon Ondoy in 2009. We experienced the Monsoon last year. As years go by, storms and monsoons are getting worse as well as the frequency of typhoons are increasing. We then experience that indeed, climate change is not just around the corner but is now in our doorsteps.

The Philippine Government had dealt with the problems that the climate change brought us. Since we cannot change what nature brings us, our way to combat it is through ourselves. The Climate Change Act of 2009 (Republic Act No. 9729)was made into law. With the implementation of the CCA, It made the possibility to create a body to deal with climate change which is the Climate Change Council.

In the LGU level, the CCA was in effect as well. I had noticed the effort in eradicating the use of plastics which hinders the sewage. If the President of the Philippines is the head of the CCC, LGU's shall do their part in their own jurisdictions as well. The funding of the People's Survival Fund shall be granted to the Baranggays to fully fund every baranggay hall equipment in response to disasters. On the part of the NGO's and Businesses, there will be a representative or body within the town or city to participate in the Climate Change Council in LGU level. This will further make more presence from private sectors to participate in accordance to the Climate Change Act.

We build our future from schools. In the CCA, Department of Education was included. The knowledge and awareness about Climate Change are now enculcated to each Filipinos. We all know that politicians, engineers, agriculturists, businessmen are not trained to deal climate change. There must be a specialization on dealing with such matter. How about a college course that will further enhance or train students that would specialize on vital roles to deal climate change. I heard that an engineering subject which is namely, Environmental Engineering. It is designed to the protection of the environment and the reduction of carbon footprints.

I should say that policies are there but how about the members of the council. Are they trained to be that? How about for the future. We shall sow our seeds that in the future we may produce innovators and a heart to strongly execute the wonders of this law. We must all remember that if nature turns against us, we can not do anything about it.

Climate change has affected the Philippines greatly. The weather is completely different from more than 10 years ago. Summers have become more humid and intensely hotter. Philippines is prone to typhoons and we really should be ready when these pass our country, but through the years, the intensity of the typhoons became heavier. Recently, even without typhoons within the Philippines’ area of responsibility, the monsoon brought heavier rains which caused floods all around Metro Manila and in different parts of the country. Agriculture has also been greatly affected because of these rains. Thus, our country needs to be ready with these circumstances, since climate change has really affected the country’s situation. I do hope the government would take action on this serious matter.

Because the Philippines is a developing country with a growing economy, part of that economic growth can be observed with the swelling number of cars currently on the roads of Metro Manila. In the past couple of decades it has swollen so much that imagine that the GHG daily traffic produces can now be seen as a dark layer of smog in the afternoon. Obviously, fossil fuel-based pollution is one of the climate change problems facing the Philippines today.

It might not be immediately apparent to every one of my countrymen, but lately there have been some trends that are for climate control. Bicycles are now a trend and many private groups and government programs aimed specifically for the promotion of bicycles as a means of transport, specifically an alternative for cars in everyday commute. There has been changes on some parts of Metro Manila, particularly in Markina and Quezon City which has now installed bike lanes. Lately, the city of Pasig has opened its public bicycle rental program to encourage citizen to take a bicycle to their destination as opposed to private or public transport. The MRT/LRT public rail transport now also allows folding bicycles to board their trains as part of a bimodal commute strategy for people who want to take bicycles to work.
Aside from alternative forms of transportation, many cities has now implemented the zero-plastic bag initiative in order to prevent flood-related calamities like Ondoy from happening. Although plastic bags may or may not directly affect the atmosphere by producing GHGs, plastic bags and other non-biodegradable substances contributed to flooding by clogging sewage systems which directly causes flooding.

These are a couple of measures the government and the private sectors have adopted to curve the deteriorating climate and fight its effects. However, climate change is not a localized phenomenon, it is a global concern. Climate Change measures will not do much good if the rest of the countries that are major users of fossil fuel and other GHG-emissive products don’t have the initiative or implement ways to deal with their local problems. We are all on the same Earth and breathing the same atmosphere, climate change is as much their problem as it is ours.

The societal modernization and the increasing energy demand, people tend to abused Mother Nature. One example is farmers here in our barangay, in Batangas. Before, they used horse to go to farm, and now replaced by motorcycles. Even elementary students going to school is accompanied by their parents using their motorcycles. Root crops turn into poultry farms. Small things but huge effect on ozone layer.

The government rose programs, like CCA (Climate Change Act, R.A. 9729), protecting climate system as its main goal. If the government continue establishing programs like this, focus saving on environment and not only corruption, pollution may be lessen, Mother Nature might be preserved. If only if?

The normal pattern in the weather system of the globe has shifted abnormally. This shift have created massive destruction to the lives and properties of the people. The once normal condition which people of the globe were used to, have been greeted by surprises brought by the new normal, which seems to be destructible.
Since the shift is already in our midst, human cannot but to shift and adapt to the new normal. Human by nature have this innate ability to adapt to any change that is coming its way just to maintain its co-existence with nature.

Human intelligence dictates that any foreboding events ,will yield man’s imaginative ways to combat any threat to him/her. Human will eventually creates systems and methods to cushion the impact of the burgeoning effect of the new normal, which the climate change would bring.

As the famous scientist Albert Einstein says, “Necessity is the mother of all inventions”. I believe that we have in the crossroad wherein nature is challenging man’s ability. And it is for us humans to stand up and face this challenge squarely.

Adapting climate change is not a hard thing to do for me, but understanding on why it is happening is a big question, a question that has to be answered right away not just of me, but also of the people of the rest of the world.
Climate change is the result of our irresponsible acts. Floods have devastated our country many times that caused deaths, health risks and destroyed our houses. It affected our food and water supplies, infrastructure and transportation systems. Although the people are now getting aware of the impact, there are still many things to address to avoid the consequences of climate change. Government and citizens should work hard together. To give enough education to the people about climate change on how it will affect us is what we should focus more. The government has to develop the strategies and the “climate reform agenda” on transforming the climate policies.
Filipinos nowadays are getting aware and responding to the needs of preventing climate change. In fact some local governments have implemented an environmental friendly ordinance. Plastic bags are not allowed in some supermarkets and wet markets. Styrofoam or cellophane is not allowed to bring at school (this I believe is also mandated by DEPED). Segregation of garbage is being implemented as well in public and private establishments. Every household’s waste are also encouraged to be segregated. However, waste recycling plant is still a major issue. Funds on setting up recycle plants are still in need of better planning.
And of course an individual’s participation and involvement in helping and preserving the environment is a must. We can help by doing small things like bringing your own eco-bags, buying environmental friendly products, planting of plants in a pot or trees at your own backyards, biodegradable composting, and proper disposal of garbage. Small things that is not difficult to do, small efforts that matters a lot.
Our government’s reform on strengthening and planning the budget for the climate change will surely help to avoid consequences of climate change. But all of these will be senseless if we still continue to aggravate our environment. We cannot only depend on our government to make them think of the remedies on this problem, we need to give our share on preventing it as well. Discipline and cooperation are what we need. We should work on this together.

Climate change has been an on-going problem of the society. It just happened that here in the Philippines, because of the budget, lack of knowledge and initiation this has resulted to severe damage in the country. Even monsoon now can flood areas in the Philippines that are known to be flood-prone zones. The government as of now is still working on unfinished projects that can probably resolve the issue but because they are so much busy with other admin issue’s that they have to freeze the project. We might also be able to help as an individual but still we never take these things seriously because we’re mostly involved on other issues than help the environment in generating solutions to help preserve and minimize environmental problems. The observation released by World Bank only entails how our government do not treat this kind of issue with high importance. It’s a good thing they we’re able to identify ways on how to improve the situation and recommended ways to help the country’s situation. Since climate change can be a threat to human existence this is a major issue needed additional attention by the government and groups of private individual who initiate movements for environmental concerns.

The current event that is happening is a proof of how climate change affects us directly. It is given that government should come up with effective strategy to cope up with climate change. But it will not be successful if we, as a part of community will not participate in implementing these strategies. I believe that it all should start from within us. We should have the initiative to change for the better. If we start following what is being implemented and be discipline enough to do what is right, then our place will be a safe and secure place to live in. I also believe that calamities and disaster that we are experiencing right now which also causes a enormous damage not only with our people property, not to mention the number of lives it took, and its impact to the economy, all started by destroying our environment. As a part of the community I believe that it should from me. I will be responsible with my actions toward the environment. I will participate and be a part of the program the community is implementing. I also believe that it all start at home.

How am I adapting to climate change here in the Philippines?
Frankly, I am seriously indifferent with the climate activity here.
Yes, it’s mostly hot all year round since it’s a tropical island. I rather prefer a four-season climate view.

With regards to the report, that’s really good that they are establishing a greener nation/environment for the country. Just keep it up and they would attract more tourists.

Environmental as well as social safeguards are two major components in trying to mitigate climate change. Our surrounding is constantly changing parallel to human behaviour that constantly negatively impacting our mother Gaia, mother earth.

As always, self-discipline and love for our country are few of the most important factors we lack that needs to be developed in every Filipino. If we do love our country, let’s act now bereft of hypocrisy. Should we wait when it is our time to go with the catastrophic flush floods with all the trash around us, inflicted with cancer because of the intense heat of UV rays, have air-born diseases, breathe carbon and sulfur emissions? Education for Filipinos about climate change should not be an excuse to any individual. Government should provide a venue for national information campaign on climate and social change. I believe that with proper education, one can act accordingly. It will also help to make people be aware and cautious of the environmental damage due to aggravated pollution; and to visualize what’s happening not just in the Philippines but also globally.

It’s our time to be vigilant, keep an eye to the implementation of green development programs and watch out for inconsiderate ill-planned building structures, unscrupulous financial spending of funds to unwanted projects and corrupt activities of the government. It’s our lawful right to ensure that only sound programmes should be pursued and achieved to the highest level of human safeguards, for the betterment of our country and to secure the future generations.

Climate Change is an issue that’s used to be passively dealt with or thought of by the majority. I believe that that is where the problem lies in: our lack of concern towards this matter in the beginning, and our late reaction/countermeasures now that we’ve suffered its wrath. The expression, “better late than never”, accurately describes the government’s measures to alleviate its alarming consequences. It makes one wishes that it were just as simple as controlling the problem and getting rid of it in a snap. Sigh. If only.

We’ve all experienced the problems that Climate Change has brought forth for the Philippines. It’s actually pretty frightening when you think about the typhoons and hottest summer days that we’ve been having for the past three years or so: the casualties and destruction that resulted from it is just the tip of the iceberg in my opinion. The Philippines, as we all know, is an archipelago, a group of islands, so it’s equally worrisome to imagine our land gradually lost to the sea because of global warming, which could lead to low lying islands constantly flooded during typhoon season (its eventual submersion and lost under the sea).

On the Climate reform agenda - With the ongoing budget fund scams that our country’s currently facing, I really fear for the budget that’ll be allocated for this plan. I just hope that the right people will be chosen to lead this, and that funds won’t go astray and/or pocketed by corrupt government or non-government officials. They have to choose the most knowledgeable, skilled and upright individuals in order for this project to be seen through until the end (and actually achieve its goal). Of course, change is only plausible if the people is willing to make it happen. We all need to be united in our objective to make it work. We owe it to ourselves, especially since we would be the ones suffering the bigger consequences should we not choose to act immediately.

I will not state here anymore my knowledge about Climate Change. Having read my notes about Man’s Role in Changing the Physical Environment and the comments/opinions/insights here,plus the fact that I am an avid viewer of National Geographic, I'm fully aware of the environmental factors to climate change. As a housewife, the simple ways of segregating wastes, planting houseplants, using baking soda as a cleaning agent (btw, there are many ways to use baking soda other than as a cleanser), conserving water and saving electricity are not just to be carried out by an individual like me but should be disseminated and imposed and be implemented over and over again to our society, by the the LGUs and of our Government. The Climate Change Commission (CCC), the People's Survival Fund Board (PSFB) and LGUs coordination to execute its roles and responsibilities lacks clarity. How can this be dealt out? Departments have an insufficient number of knowledgeable and
skilled staff on climate policy, financing, and institutions. Why put up such commissions or boards? When we can inform and teach the public ---public awareness of implementing or imposing rules on taking care of our environment can be done through the help of the Media, Social Media, and the likes because this is not just the Government's problem, it is a global problem. Rules and Regulations, true enough, should be enforced and supported by all of us. We only have one planet to live and to end my sentiments, “The earth will not continue to offer its harvest, except with faithful stewardship. We cannot say we love the land and then take steps to destroy it for use by future generations.” ― John Paul II.

Climate change is inevitable. In the continuous strike of calamities in the Philippines, it is becoming more and more usual to expect that what will be next is severe flooding and landslides. Just one day of non-stop rains, many people have been already affected. Homes, infrastructure and fields are already devastated. Sometimes even deaths. Even transportations, classes and operations in works and offices are suspended. How to find a solution in this situation is becoming a mystery, because it is the nature that we are facing off. It is surely not just a problem of one country but a problem globally. Global warming has really an effect on us. Though Philippines is not a major greenhouse gases emitter, what would happen then when the Philippines, as a developing country, regarding its growing economy, urbanization and motorization, starts to rapidly emit gases? What would happen from five to ten years from now? Does the government really can do something about this problem? It is true that every people have a responsibility. But how can the government convince the people, to start to change on their own and be disciplined? It is good to know that there is government agency that addresses this problem in climate change. But I think they should not just focus on implementing solutions, they also have to be aggressive in executing and fulfilling it. What is at stake is the survival of man. How can we manage if much harsher and devastating calamity strikes the Philippines like what have strike other countries?

Climate Change. Let the solution start from us.
As the economy and technology continuous to grow, most people in the provinces would choose living in urban areas, thinking that urban area has more to offer when it comes to livelihood. Some would even go beyond of their means by selling off the little of what they have in the provice, to have something that they could start from. Unfortunately, a huge number becomes unsuccessful and end up being informal settlers or worse on the streets. While making the streets and along waterways their home, it also becomes their huge trash bins.
As the community expands and the population continues to grow, while more problem begins to appear, business opportunity arises at the same time. Land developers takes a huge advantage of putting up high rise condominiums to maximize a space and accommodate more people. Private cars and PUVs continues to grow as well.
The above mentioned, are just few of the factors that contributes to climate change and other environmental impacts. In every natural calamity, we've seen how stronger it gets year after year. We are aware how climate change extremely affects us all. But why do people continue to be irresponsible and careless? With the previous typhoons, earthquakes and other negative effects in the agriculture and fishing industry, people tend to always look for somebody or something to blame. We never realize that we all play a big part in this destruction. Each individual should have at least educate themselves on why natural calamity keeps on getting worse and if there's something they could do or contribute in solving the problem. Every individual should have the sense of responsibility and discipline starting from our ourselves and within homes. We can begin with waste segregation, water and energy conservation. Another is choosing our leaders wisely. Every election, we should at least have the knowledge of what a political aspirant can do for us. Does he have sincere concern for the people and the environment? or will he use his power to profit from money that's ought for us?
In everything that we do, that impact will greatly affect us too. We may not see it now, but in the future we will. That's what's happening right now. Today, is not too late but tomorrow might be. So, let's make the change and let the solution start from us.

Climate change in the Philippines can be felt by now. Climate-related hazards include continuous typhoons and flooding, occasional earthquakes, sea level rise and landslides due to heavy rains. By God's grace, we've not yet experienced such calamities in our location. Though some parts in Laguna has extremely damaged livelihoods and homes, they still need to continue their lives for their children's future.
The 2009 Climate Change Act is a big help for the projects, climate reform agendas and achieving the objectives and activities for the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP). Whenever there is news about calamities in the Philippines, you can see that Filipinos still smile and laugh despite of the disastrous calamity they have experienced. It is because some Filipinos are unaware of the gravity of the climate change. We Filipinos must act as early as possible to prevent the impact of climate change to arise in the country. Budget is one of the main hindrances to meet the objectives of NCCAP. The administration must act now and distribute equally the provision of the needs of every sector related to NCCAP.
For me, society gives a big contribution for the climate change and unfortunately most people are unaware that their everyday activities are resulting to increase the gravity of the climate change in their country. The administration must give the public awareness about climate change. And as our administration and the Filipino people act as one, it is not impossible to achieve a better future for the next generations to come. ONE GOAL FOR A BETTER FUTURE! :-)

After reading the World Bank report, I felt glad that the Philippine government is addressing the problems related to climate change. However, what they are doing is still not enough. Climate change-related calamities such as floods and landslides are still happening in the country and the number of deaths and economic losses are rising. According to the report, budget for PAPs (Programs, Activities, and Projects) and the public's awareness is not sufficient. I think the government should focus first on programs which aim to inform the public about climate change, its negative effects, and what they can do in order to lessen these effects. By knowing the impact of climate change on their lives, the people will realize the importance of having to protect Mother Earth. But the fight against climate change is not only the government's but also ours.

As Filipinos and inhabitants of Earth, it is our responsibility to take care of our environment. Having initiative, sensitivity, and discipline will greatly help in the rehabilitation of our planet. Through acting together and helping each other, I believe that we and our planet still have a chance of creating a better world to live in.

A small change can make a big difference..
It is true that we are facing the greatest challenges on the effect of these environmental changes. The Philippines alone had experienced so many typhoons, flood, earthquakes and even landslides, wherein, this greatly affects the economy of the country, the livelihood of the people and even our morale. It is very interesting to know that the Philippine government is now taking the initiative to address the barriers on effective implementation of the climate change agenda. Based on the report provided by the World bank, there are so many things which needs to be addressed. From the financing part, having a knowledgeable staff or committee and raising public awareness of Climate change. Shouldn't we start in raising public awareness? Like educating the people about the cause and effect of the climate change, what the agenda is and how an individual can contribute to the success of this plan? I believe that if everyone is educated and cooperates to this agenda, though it may seem a little change but will still make a difference.
I just have one doubt about the effectiveness of this agenda, how do you think the Filipino's will buy-in the idea of this plan, given that we know that the government is corrupt? How do we know that the funds which will be allocated for this project will really be used for its sole purpose?

I'm relieved to learn that our government is taking initiatives to lead the country in adapting to climate change; and to have the World Bank investigate how effective the climate change-related system is only shows how serious it is about helping the nation on a long-term basis.
Filipinos are very much capable of adjusting to their environment. Our ancestors have maximized the mountains they inhabited by building formidable yet magnificent rice and crop terraces by hand, and used their bare feet in plowing the fields even before the concept of the metal-made plough was introduced to them. Regardless of countless landslides they have encountered over the centuries, they still thrive and adjust to whatever nature brings them.
However, what we’re facing now is different from what our forefathers faced. The climate change is way too fast, and the Philippines, being surrounded by water, is vulnerable to flooding once the ice caps totally melt. It might benefit our fishermen, even if the water temperature has already raised in the coming years, because the fishes have survived and adapted to extreme climate change before. It might not affect our kababayans in the mountains flood-wise, but in time, too much heat might affect their crops and their livelihood.
It’s a good thing that our government is prioritizing adaptation measures on climate change.
While their efforts are appreciated, however, I couldn’t help but shocked to find out through the World Bank report that the Climate Change Commission (CCC), one that is attached to the Office of the President, still hasn’t clarified what its roles are, as well as its relationships with other agencies. In any organization, even in a small family, not knowing one’s role is can greatly affect productivity.
This issue will hinder the commission in accomplishing its goals, even after it has addressed its problems on data collection systems, knowledgeable personnel, and cooperation of the people.
The CPEIR is already accessible through the CCC’s official website. I hope that they have read it and immediately call a series of meetings to clarify and finalize what their roles are in this undertaking, and how this agency is related to the others. Because even in a small organization such as a three-member family, not knowing what one’s role is can greatly affect effectiveness and productivity.
Questions
Is our government including the preservation of non-renewal resources? I’m referring to the the strict regulation of the extraction industry. Just in case they’re missing it, these companies are removing huge amounts of the Earth’s crust. The other countries who are engaged in this means of economic survival must ponder on this as well.
I’m also curious to find out what the government is planning to do in terms of strengthening our fisheries and agriculture industry, given that the waters are expected to be 4°C by 2060. If I’m not mistaken, that’s an average of a degree higher every 11.75 years. And would it be possible that the fishes are already adjusting to the warmer water temperature? Since the earth existed, its inhabitants have showed its capability to adjust to extreme climate and weather changes. I’m thinking that if we act now and minimize pollution, we won’t have much of a hard time in terms of securing food.
I believe that the Philippines can adapt to climate change. We have a willing and able president, and motivated LGUs who are the backbone of our government. Now, if we can only get the people to lift a finger to help out.

It is very clear that climate change is getting worse and more destructive. Unfortunately, nothing, not even the most powerful countries can reverse it. Nature has its way of maintaining balance, and changes in the climate patterns are just part of nature’s law.
Although it is irreversible, there are mitigation and adaptation measures that we can make use of to reduce or prevent further damage to lives and properties. However, very few people understand how crucial it is to take part and learn our responsibilities in addressing this global concern.
We are fortunate that the Philippines is geographically located right above the equator. Being a tropical country with high biodiversity is truly an advantage but our location in the pacific region also makes us vulnerable to strong and destructive storms during wet seasons and severe drought or long-dry spells. These phenomena always affect our economy, our well-being and our lives.
Sadly speaking, our country does not have institutional capacity, including limited access to knowledge, and inadequate state-of-the-art tools and equipment that are needed for efficient action to and reforms on climate change. The reason? Misuse of the country’s fund, poor governance, corruption, lack of unity and a lot more.
What can we do then? I am particularly curious about how the Philippines can improve its program on climate change.
But I am aware that, there are enough resources and information that identified the causes of global warming and climate change and the solutions to alleviate the problem. So, we can work together and adopt solutions that will work best for our country and for the entire world.
Let’s plant trees, maintain a cleaner and greener environment, minimize energy consumptions, lessen contributors to global heat, use bio-diesel and etc…
Let us minimize the factors that contribute to drastic global warming and climate change and maximize our knowledge, team work, goals and determination to address this urgent and life-long global concern.

It’s nice to know that our government is doing something about climate change. But all of us can help. We can start doing little things like planting a tree or things like that. This small this will help our community to avoid flash floods and landslide. And it will also minimize pollution and will give us fresh air. All of us are responsible for this things climate change. We are also responsible for minimizing it. All little things that we do to change our country will add up to make a big difference.

Reading the report of World Bank entitled “Getting a grip on the climate change of the Philippines.” It was impressive that today’s administration has made an act, The 2009 Climate Change Act, and it was set for NFSCC which will later then be an overall parameters for developing the NCCAP. The government has still a lot of problems and issues to fix but it was good that they have faced this thing. Some people may not see it as important like the other problems of the government. But, if we are going to look deeper and reason out, this should be the priority of our government. With this act as it was enumerated in the report it will help lessen poverty. If this will really be applied and followed by the leaders surely, we will be able to lessen the problems with regards to typhoons and any other calamities. If calamities will be lessened the progress of our country will just arise. More jobs, infrastructures, investors, and works will be available to the business sector of the Philippines.

Relative to the World Bank Report entitled Getting a Grip on Climate Change in the Philippines and with its 3 major areas of recommendation in the back of my mind, I have also read that “the Philippines was ranked 18th in KPMG’s 2013 Change Readiness Index (CRI). Change readiness relates to the capability of a country’s agents – its government, private and public enterprises, people and wider civil society – to anticipate, prepare for, manage, and respond to a wide range of change drivers, proactively cultivate the resulting opportunities, and mitigate any potential negative impacts. The 2013 Change Readiness Index ranked 90 countries, measuring them across 26 components to compare capabilities in the areas of enterprise (business environment), government, and people and civil society (social and human capital).”¹

However, change includes negative shocks like natural disasters resulting from climate change. Notwithstanding the KPMG study above, I cannot but be concerned that except for maybe a few of its civil society, the input that KPMG got from the Philippine government, business environment, and the majority of its people as far as reacting and adapting to climate change is more rhetoric rather than concrete actions, more of wanting rather than doing. Recent events in the Philippines portray a government rife in corruption, a business sector incessant in its pursuit of more profit to the detriment of its human capital, and the majority of its populace more focused on having 3 meals on the table. Issues such as adapting to climate change would be the least in each sector’s concerns. Nor would the World Bank’s recommendations for that matter.

Nevertheless, I am convinced that the individual shapes the society, whether it be the government, the business sector or civil society. If I, as an individual Filipino, resolve to act rather than just wish, I can immediately implement the Environment’s 3Rs of REDUCE-REUSE-RECYLE. I can start from my home and family and progressing farther to my friends, community, province and ultimately my entire beloved country the Philippines.

Everyone is aware of what global warming is, but not everyone realizes the grave effect of it—climate change. As the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) exponentially increase, the change in climate is getting worse. The temperature is increasing and the weather becomes more unpredictable. But actually, the worst part is not the climate itself but the fact that most people don't realize that they are also contributors of greenhouse gases in their simple ways.

For the past years, we have been experiencing severe disasters, like destructive typhoons, landslides, earthquakes, etc., that affected thousands of people. As these problems become alarming, the government and different organizations, both public and private, are starting to formulate safety measures in preparation for such disasters.

Honestly, I was not aware of the actions done by the government to resolve or lessen the problems about the arising problem regarding climate change.While I was reading the World Bank report, I finally got informed that the government is actually doing something about it. It is promising but, at the same time, bothering.

If there are a lot of plans, activities and laws concerning climate change, how come there is no or little improvement? On the one hand, the government keeps on informing the public of the do's and don'ts to lessen GHG emission. But is it well implemented? I am not sure if it's because of my indifference or the government hasn't really implemented those policies efficiently. On the other hand, there may be effective laws that would somehow resolve the problem. But do the people cooperate? It's just easy to put the blame on anybody. And that's the major problem—people keep on blaming each other.

All the plans and agendas, if implemented well, will be very helpful and indeed effective. But no matter how much fund the government will allot for the climate related agenda, if the people will not cooperate, there would have no change at all.

Global warming is already impossible to resolve. And still, a big percentage of people are still unaware of the long-term future effect of this climate change. Most just rely on the government and don't make an effort to create change. That's why there's a need for a strong implementation of policies and actualization of plans.

The questions are: When could these plans be actualized? Would it still be possible for citizens to be more concerned about this issue? How could the government catch people's attention and inform them about the urgency of this arising problem?

“There are 4 Key Points in understanding the causes of climate change:

• Both natural and human factors change Earth’s climate.
• Before humans, changes in climate resulted entirely from natural causes such as changes in Earth’s orbit, changes in solar activity, or volcanic eruptions.
• Since the Industrial Era began, humans have had an increasing effect on climate, particularly by adding billions of tons of heat-trapping greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.
• Most of the observed warming since the mid-20th century is due to human-caused greenhouse gas emissions.”¹

No human being can do anything on changes in climate resulting entirely from natural causes. However, as an individual and as a society in general, we can all contribute to mitigate human-caused effects in climate change. From human processes such as deforestation, desertification, and urbanization, to human activities increasing the number of aerosol particles in the atmosphere, one’s individual action and by-and-large the society as whole, can reduce or at the very least alleviate the negative effects of climate change. From an individual Filipino’s recycling efforts to Philippine society’s targeted reductions in black carbon emissions, each at its level can reduce global warming. What is important, whether as a Filipino individual or Philippine society in general, is the doing not only the wishing, the action and not just the rhetoric.

While the report gives comprehensive recommendations on how the government can sort out the bureaucracies and inadequacies that prevent its institutions from effectively implementing measures that can prepare the nation for the effects of climate change, I cannot help but feel pessimistic about the whole thing.

I’m sure that if we are readily capable of instantly following the recommendations in the report, we would do so. It would benefit the country greatly. I would prevent damage to the economy. It would pave the way for accelerated economic growth. It would save lives. However, the challenges that were enumerated in the report are a reflection of the current state of Philippine politics: an entangled mess of things. Unclear domains of responsibility, lack of technical skills and knowledge, disjoint plans between government institutions, different classifications per institution, insufficient access to funding where it is needed and a lot of red tape in between.

Climate change is upon us. For our nation to be prepared for it, the proper implementation of sound plans under a unified effort of aligned government institutions and its citizens are necessary.

I do believe that most of the Filipinos are aware of what is going on once they experience it however, they don't know what caused it and how it will be resolved. For example, those typhoons and other natural calamities came to their knowledge once it happens in their place. But when you ask them why it is happening, they might not have the full knowledge of why's and how's especially those who are in slump areas or rural areas. When you ask them if they have heard the word "global warming", and climate change", they will answer with yes however, if you ask them to define them, they will answer with mmmm..., I don't know or other responses which deal with uncertainty or out of knowledge. The problem and the solution that arrive to my mind is the information dissemination and technology. Scientific and technological innovation can help the problem and it must be delivered properly. Some of the schools and universities in the Philippines adopt new technology to climate change. Some try to make a gadget or an innovation that will help the farmers to know the weather events. I remember the issue of a politician who put a budget on making a kit or a pamphlet for farmers which was in english, I don't see the problem with this, it was really helpful, however, the medium they used was not coincide with the consumers. It is because only few famers can understand english. Some rather wanted to rather spend it on crops or materials needed. I would suggest to have the information on cellphones because most of the farmers have cellphones or the government or the responsible on agriculture would sell cellphone at a very affordable price and they will disseminate information regarding agriculture to the farmers. Example what will be the best crops in rainy season, what they can do to save the plants when it is drought. The biggest challenge in terms of climate change is the agriculture, like the change of soil, planting season. I have heard from the news that the government is partnering with universities, with local research centers in order to find solutions. We must mitigate with climate change. Social Media as well has the greatest aid of information dissemination for most of the people are into social media. The things that they may include with the information dissemination are: definition of terms like global warming, climate change, green house effect etc., causes of natural calamities, effects of the human doings and the like. The solutions and the future are in our hands and we must go hand in hand in facing the challenges that future brings.

The World Bank noted in its report on climate change entitled Getting a grip, on climate change in the Philippines that the present administration has shifted its priorities in terms of addressing the issue, from mitigation to adaptation. I applaud this shift in focus for obvious reasons, topmost of which is the fact that the Philippines lies on a typhoon-prone area and is part of what is known as “Pacific Ring of Fire”, therefore, embracing an “adaptation” focus allows the government the freedom of planning what to prepare for in the event that disaster strikes. It is a more practical approach (adaptation) instead of trying to oppose the force of nature. Ms. Ma. Glenda Lopez Wui quoted anthropologist Yehudi Cohen as saying, “New adaptations must be developed if effective relationships with altered habitational conditions are to be maintained”.
Although efforts by the government are commendable, we all need to work double time, maybe even triple time, what with the fast moving technology around us. An unwelcome by-product of some technological advancements are Greenhouse gas emissions, and even if the Philippines is considered a minor contributor to global warming, the same World Bank report stated that Greenhouse gas emissions in the country are projected to multiply several folds, largely due to the growing economy, along with it, urbanization and motorization. We all must do our share in any way we can, not just for the here and now, but for our children’s tomorrow.

For a majority of Filipinos, especially those who are living in slum areas don’t even care or maybe worst, that is they don’t even know what climate change is all about. The government should strengthen its programs in educating the people on how to take care of his or her environment and how to preserve its natural resources.

I agree with the blogger of this site, Ms. Sering in saying that climate change is definitely upon us. Every Filipino should not be relying solely with the government in preserving the environment but also each one should possess the right discipline in taking care of its natural resources.

Adaptation to climate change through technological solutions such as coastal defences or management and changes in consumption habits are also needed in order to adapt to the impacts of climate change.

Some non-government organizations (NGO’s) such as the Science of Identity Foundation conduct different seminars to help the government educate its people.

It is nice to know all the plan and vision to help the effects of climate change. Based on "Getting a Grip on climate change in the Philippines", a report from The World Bank, Initiatives were already rolled out since 2009 for the Climate Change Act and NCCAP to have a clear evolution of priorities. It really is good indeed. But our question is, Is it all plans? or publicity? Why Publicity? It is because people are not aware of this. With how our government is now and all the corruption happening how can we ever keep our hopes high? Government says funds have been allocated here and there, but do we see results? One issue is pollution, this can dramatically help reduce the effects of climate change.Recently Philippine Medical Association (PMA) plans to file a case against DTI, DOTC and DENR for dereliction of duty (for failing to implement the environmental laws). Not seeing an improvement with the pollution problem in the Philippines particularly with Air pollution which greatly affects climate change.

As a concerned common Filipino, I hope we could help start a change by just being an advocate to these plans, just being aware will be a great push. Educating the nation alone will be a move towards a better tomorrow. Expecting the government will just keep us dreaming.

Climate change is a major concern globally. Climate change is noticeable with the drastic rise of sea levels, icebergs rapidly melting, increased amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, more unbearable warm temperatures and stronger & more disastrous typhoons and natural calamities. Hurricane Katrina that hit the US in 2005, Japan's tsunami in 2011 and Philippines' typhoon Ondoy in 2009 are just few examples of how disastrous the natural calamities are these days. These natural calamities are indications that climate change is occurring and can aggravate if not attended to immediately.

In our country, the Philippines, there are only two types of season – the wet and the dry season. During the dry season, the country experiences warm temperatures at the beginning of March until the start of June, and cool dry temperatures from December to February. During the wet season, rains and typhoons occur in mid-June and may last until October to November. Due to climate change, the Philippines is experiencing warmer temperatures and/or even rains in the months of December to February, and heavier rains (habagat) during the wet season as felt during typhoon Ondoy in 2009.

It is gratifying to know that the Philippine government is increasing its attention to managing climate change with the adoption of a policy in 2009, the Climate Change Act, which is driven by the Climate Change Commission (CCC) in partnership with Department of Budget and Management (DBM).

"In 2009, Congress passed the Climate Change Act creating the CCC to develop policies and coordinate government programs on climate change. The CCC in turn developed the National Climate Change Action Plan that serves as a road map for all climate change programs in the Philippines. “Incorporating the climate change action plan into the national and local development process, supported by properly-targeted public investments, is important to ensure that climate change priorities are translated into concrete actions on the ground,” said Secretary Lucille L. Sering, Commissioner and Vice Chairperson of the CCC.

"Climate change has a direct and immediate impact on development. As it stands, the Philippines is already in the path of major weather disturbances that damage property and critical infrastructure. More urgent however is the fact that these weather patterns frequently jeopardize the welfare of communities in high-risk areas. Recognizing this, the Aquino administration remains committed to providing sufficient budgetary support for programs and projects that mitigate the effects of climate change in the country,” said DBM Secretary Florencio B. Abad

However, we should not wait for the government and its agencies to implement their projects against climate change. We can start contributing to solve this problem in our little ways. If we are continuously being aware of practices or activities that can help our environment or at least slow down its degradation, this collective effort can count.

One way for us to reduce climate change is by using renewable energy, which prevents the emission of carbon dioxide from fossil fuels. Another way to reduce climate change is by “travelling green.” Instead of using your own car, you can ride a bike, walk or use a public utility vehicle in getting to your destination. You can also use a fuel-efficient gas for your own vehicle to lessen the emission of carbon in the atmosphere. Manufactured materials are often disposed of after being used. Trimming our wastes by reusing and recycling them can diminish the amount of carbon dioxide in land and air. Also, planting trees in our environment can be a big help in decreasing carbon dioxide. People can make a difference in the world, even with the small actions we can do as individuals, these can create a huge impact in making our world into a better place to live in.

It's great that the administration set up these agencies or units to take charge solely related to climate change. I presume that the majority of the people don’t know about the aforementioned data, especially the general public. And even if they know ---perhaps saw on TV news or read from a newspaper --- they don't fully understand or intend to grasp what it is all about, because of the jargons used or the technicality of how it was presented.

I suggest that the government, specifically these agencies should add more focus to public awareness through the use of a way that is very common to every household, which is the television. Local TV shows have tremendous commercials about product advertisement, why not adopt these means and make some TV commercials showing some tips and heads up about climate change. Simple tips and uncomplicated steps like opting for energy-efficient home appliances and recycling.

Everyone is aware of what global warming is, but not everyone realizes the grave effect of it—climate change. As the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) exponentially increase, the change in climate is getting worse. The temperature is increasing and the weather becomes more unpredictable. But actually, the worst part is not the climate itself but the fact that most people don't realize that they are also contributors of greenhouse gases in their simple ways.

For the past years, we have been experiencing severe disasters, like destructive typhoons, landslides, earthquakes, etc., that affected thousands of people. As these problems become alarming, the government and different organizations, both public and private, are starting to formulate safety measures in preparation for such disasters.

Honestly, I was not aware of the actions done by the government to resolve or lessen the problems about the arising problem regarding climate change.While I was reading the World Bank report, I finally got informed that the government is actually doing something about it. It is promising but, at the same time, bothering.

If there are a lot of plans, activities and laws concerning climate change, how come there is no or little improvement? On the one hand, the government keeps on informing the public of the do's and don'ts to lessen GHG emission. But is it well implemented? I am not sure if it's because of my indifference or the government hasn't really implemented those policies efficiently. On the other hand, there may be effective laws that would somehow resolve the problem. But do the people cooperate? It's just easy to put the blame on anybody. And that's the major problem—people keep on blaming each other.

All the plans and agendas, if implemented well, will be very helpful and indeed effective. But no matter how much fund the government will allot for the climate related agenda, if the people will not cooperate, there would have no change at all.

Global warming is already impossible to resolve. And still, a big percentage of people are still unaware of the long-term future effect of this climate change. Most just rely on the government and don't make an effort to create change. That's why there's a need for a strong implementation of policies and actualization of plans.

The questions are: When could these plans be actualized? Would it still be possible for citizens to be more concerned about this issue? How could the government catch people's attention and inform them about the urgency of this arising problem?

I think we are not adapting to climate change. We still see places destroyed by floods these days. Our government just rescued faster and that's all. Floods still destroy properties and harm lives. And I don't see this problem being solved anytime sooner.

As one of the most vulnerable countries in the world, Philippines is continually experiencing the effects of climate change. Natural causes and human activities caused this climate change. But we, as human beings, took a large part in causing these effects of climate change. We, Filipinos, especially the government, need to contemplate a more pro-active adjustment planning to ensure a sustainable development. We can also start through small things such as conserving the electricity, lessening the use of plastics, stop the cutting of trees and instead, plant more trees.

Studies are also ongoing to help marine ecosystems cope with the effects of climate change. Dr. Aileen Maypa, Research Director of CCEF, conducted a research on how reefs can adapt to the impacts of climate change and how these can be mitigated is currently being conducted. The organization is developing a protocol for coral reef recovery, fisheries recovery and coral reef rehabilitation that can be used by local communities and LGUs. They are also looking into the redesigning of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), including the establishment of a network of MPAs, as a resiliency strategy to climate change, while considering the many factors that may impact the effectiveness of a MPA design. (Reference: The article Climate change to devastate Philippine Seas; Greenpeace proposes Roadmap to Recovery on www.greenpeace.org)

There is still hope for this country. I believe that if everybody would just cooperate and contribute, and if the government will focus on what they should really be doing, we can still possibly speed down the changes occurring nowadays caused by our own activities. We can work together as one nation and stop blaming one another. From small to big things, we can work this out.