A total of 1,180 women diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) from 2005 to 2009 have and continues to be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. GDM women in the intervention group will have five consulting sessions with a dietician during the first year and two sessions during the second year. The intervention group are given detailed advice about how to achieve the six goals of the intervention. The primary aim will test whether lifestyle intervention can reduce incident Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in women with prior GDM. The second aim will test gene-intervention interactions through fine-mapping established genes for glucose, IR, lipids, obesity and T2D in relation to metabolic traits for T2D in GDM women.

The women in the intervention group will be given detailed advice about how to achieve the six evidence-based goals of the intervention,7-9 including: 1) reduction in 5-10% of initial body weight in women with body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m2 through the reduction of at least 10% of total calories of their normal meals, 2) total fat intake <30% of energy consumed, 3) saturated fat intake <10% of energy consumed, 4) carbohydrate intake 55-65% of energy consumed, 5) fiber intake 20-30g per day, and 6) moderate or vigorous exercise for at least 30 min daily, seven days each week.

Behavioral: Lifestyle intervention

The women in the intervention group will be given detailed advice about how to achieve the six evidence-based goals of the intervention,7-9 including: 1) reduction in 5-10% of initial body weight in women with body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m2 through the reduction of at least 10% of total calories of their normal meals, 2) total fat intake <30% of energy consumed, 3) saturated fat intake <10% of energy consumed, 4) carbohydrate intake 55-65% of energy consumed, 5) fiber intake 20-30g per day, and 6) moderate or vigorous exercise for at least 30 min daily, seven days each week.

No Intervention: Control

the subjects in the control group had been educated regarding general principles of healthy lifestyle that benefits T2D and obesity prevention, and also informed about the current evidence showing that the lifestyle intervention is effective in women at high risk for T2D during the "run-in" period.

Eligibility

Ages Eligible for Study:

20 Years to 49 Years (Adult)

Genders Eligible for Study:

Female

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Yes

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

Age 20-49 years

Women diagnosed with GDM between 2005 and 2009.

Exclusion Criteria:

Age < 20 and ≥ 50 years

Newly diagnosed diabetes in the screening visit

The presence of any chronic diseases that could seriously reduce their life expectancy or their ability to participate in the trial

Unable or unwilling to give informed consent or communicate with study staff

Currently pregnant, or planning to become pregnant in the next four years

Contacts and Locations

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study.
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below.
For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01554358