A number of judicial decisions have been concerned with the alleged war criminals against whom the International Criminal Court has issued arrest warrants (See International judicial decisions section).

In September 2007, Sudan appointed one of the ICC suspects, the State Minister of Humanitarian Affairs Ahmed Haroun, to co-chair a committee designated to hear complaints from victims of human rights abuses in Darfur. The ICC had issued an arrest warrant for Haroun, charging him with 42 counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity for playing a leading role in attacks on four West Darfur villages. The following month, Sudan freedJanjaweed leader Ali Kosheib, one of the alleged war criminals, "for lack of evidence".

In October 2008, Darfur militia leader Ali Kushayb -- also wanted by the International Criminal Court on war crimes charges -- was arrested by Sudanese authorities declaring they were "investigating him to see if he has committed crimes in Darfur or not."

December 2008 saw the first trial against a Sudanese man accused with aiding the ICC investigation. Mohamed Alsary Ibrahim was charged with working to overthrow the constitutional government, waging war against the state, dealing with an enemy country, spying, and passing on confidential military documents in connection with the ICC's investigation of Sudan's state minister for humanitarian affairs Ahmed Haroun. Ibrahim was found guilty in January 2009 and sentenced to 17 years in prison.

A trial began in Khartoum in August 2008, in which five men were indicted in connection with the January 2008 murder of two US Agency for International Development (USAID) workers. On 24 June 2009, the Sudanese court found the men guilty and sentenced four to death. One of the victim's fathers forgave the men and the death sentence was vacated in August 2009, in accordance with Islamic law. On 12 October 2009, however, a Sudanese court reiterated the imposition of the death penalty. In June 2010, the police stated that the four men escaped from Kober prison through the drainage system.

Since 2008, numerous members of the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) have reportedly been convicted for the 2008 attack on Khartoum and several were sentenced to death. Human Rights Watch had previously expressed concern in relation to the more than 100 suspected rebels arrested in the aftermath of the attack.