Andrew Bell's research of the facility of status in civic groups of the traditional international demonstrates the significance of crowds' aesthetic and emotional judgement upon leaders and their formidable claims for instant and lasting value; and in addition reveals attention of this dynamic nonetheless to be precious for contemporary voters.

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In short, the degree of rhetorical embroidery which appears in these examples is something very different from that displayed in the works of the 'tragic' writers. 7 [15] 1 Lorenz, 11–12; cf. CQ, 1945, 8–10. iii. 43. 7–8. 3 i. 44. 4–5. 4 xviii. 25. 1. 5 Cf. i. 4. 11. 6 xxix. 12. 7–10. 7 See below, § 3. 2 A slight concession (in principle) to politic piety and (in practice) to local patriotism, a limited success in retailing the real contents of some of his reported speeches, a readiness to embrace the terminology (but not the emotional attitudes) of 'tragic' history in the interest of τὸ τερπνόν or moral edification—these probably represent the sum of what a critic of Polybius' truthfulness can assemble.

1 How far in all these instances the bias is consciously applied it is difficult to say; but Polybius' willingness to grant something to patriotic prejudice probably rendered him less alert to the risks he was running. Another field in which practice fell short of theory was in the speeches which, following Greek tradition, Polybius included at intervals throughout his Histories; some thirty-seven survive, and several times Polybius makes it clear that such speeches should represent the actual words of the speaker.