Participants will learn the principles and best practices of heating and cooling various substrates as it pertains to maintaining a quality finish. This will include general criteria on sizing and designing dry-off ovens and cooling. This session will also cover flash requirements for types of liquid paints and types of paint application, such as wet-on-wet application. Discussion on common problems associated with incorrect flash design will be included with an overview of ovens and curing equipment, including convection, infrared, convection/IR combination and ultraviolet. It will also look at typical problems associated with improper cure.