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Tuesday, 17 May 2016

Summary of the Chapter “Tawbah”

Lesson # 1034 from Noble Quran

Summary of the
Chapter “Tawbah”

Surah ‘TAWBAH or BARAAA-‘AH (REPENTANCE)– Chapter – 9)

Stage – 2, Verse – 0 of 129, Section
– 0 of 16 (Part - 10)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In
the name ofGod, the Beneficent, the
Merciful

Lesson

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim
is not written before this Surah. Wrathful
commandments have been mentioned in it concerning the disbelievers. According to
setting, it is ninth Chapter of Holy Qur’an,
whereas its number of Revelation is one hundred thirteenth. It was revealed in Madinah during ninth Hijrah. Before its revelation, Treaty of
Hudaibiyah was made during sixth AH.

Reason of its revelation was that,
when treaty was made with Qureish,
then the tribe of Banu Khuzaa-‘ah
made an agreement with the Muslims, and the tribe of Banu Bakr became ally of Qureish.
After two years, Banu Bakr attacked on
Banu Khuzaa-‘ah and they did not care
that a treaty between their allies (Qureish)
and Muslims had been made at hudaibiyah,
and one of the terms of treaty was: Neither Qureish
and Muslims will attack over each other and nor they will help the assailants.

The Qureish of Makkah helped
the tribe of Banu Bakr with weapons
etc. and it was obvious disobedience of the treaty of Hudaibiyah. Then it became necessary for the Muslims to help the
tribe of Banu Khuzaa-‘ah in
accordance with the agreement. Therefore, the Messenger of God Almighty (grace,
glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) attacked on Makkah during eighth AH and conquered it very easily.

At the time of conquest of Makkah, the Muslims had different
relationships with different tribes of Arab. Some of them were those; with whom
the agreement was for a fixed duration. Some were those who made treaty without
fixation of time. Many were such tribes, with which; there was no treaty or
agreement. It was meant that by seizing Makkah,
the entire Arabian Peninsula had been captured.

It was decided in the Knowledge of
God Almighty that the entire Arabian Peninsula would be a strong Fort of Islam,
where no other person would be able to interfere except Muslims, and by
spreading the brotherhood of Makkah,
it shall make the Arab one unity. Following incidents took place constantly to
meet this goal.

Peace treaty was held during sixth
AH. In eighth AH, the people of Qureish
broke it by opposing the same term, and during the same year, the Muslims
attacked on Makkah suddenly and
conquered it. During ninth AH, the subject Surah
was revealed, in which it was decided that the Muslims would be sovereigns
directly of the Peninsula of Arab without partnership of any other.

When this Chapter was revealed, a Caravan
of Muslims had moved to Makkah for performing
Pilgrimage under supervision and leadership of Abu Bakr Siddique (May God be pleased with Him). As soon as this Surah was revealed, an ambassador, that
is to say; Ali (May God be pleased with Him) was sent unto Abu Bakr Siddique (May God be pleased with Him) and was instructed
that at the time of Hajj, He (May God be pleased with Him) should proclaim in the
field of Arafaat or Minaa: All those treaties and agreements
have been broken, which were made with idolaters and disbelievers. The person,
who does not want to accept Islam, should arrange for himself, otherwise will
be put to death. This announcement was read and caused to hear by Ali (May God
be pleased with Him).

Different verses of this Chapter
have been revealed for different tribes and about different events. Abridged summary
of it has been appended below:

·In
the beginning, the idolaters were warned: There is no further treaty or
agreement among you and us. You are given respite for four months. Either you
should join Islamic brotherhood by accepting Islam; or get out of the Peninsula
of Arab. Infamy of the world and the Day of Resurrection have been written for
you. With this proclamation, idol-worshiping was ended from the Arab for ever.

·The
Christian emperor of Rome was going to be prepared to press the increasing
power of the Muslims. There are news about them and instructions about those
wars which will be fought against them in future.

·The
Muslims are being guided to be separate from the hypocrites and remain vigilant
from them.

Transliterated
Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from
Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall,
Published by PakCompany, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to
English by Muhammad Sharif)