Simon Bolivar, South American liberator of Colombia and Venezuela: 1783.

On 1 May 1707 England and Scotland united into a single country, the United Kingdom (or UK). Citizens of this nation are described as British.

In 1752, the United Kingdom adopted the Gregorian Calendar, exactly 150 years after it had been introduced. In that year, 3 September was followed by 13 September in order to remove 11 extra days accumulated by the older Julian calendar. Riots occurred as people demanded their lost days back.

The United States of America (USA) become an independent nation in 1776 and would eventually dominate the world.

The French Revolution began in 1789. In 1790 the Metric System of measurement was developed during the revolution in France.

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A reference for the world standard system of measurement, the Metric System. Also included are values for important physical constants and conversion factors for the few countries that do not use the metric system.