The government is to give its official response later to the High Court’s decision that Parliament should vote on the formal process of leaving the EU. Ministers lost their case last week, after arguing they did not need the consent of MPs and peers to make the choice of when to trigger Article 50. Campaigners say that allowing Parliament a vote is vital to the functioning of a democracy.

Brexit Secretary David Davis will address MPs at 15:30 GMT. A separate debate on Brexit’s effect on workers’ rights will follow the statement.

Speeding tickets on ‘smart motorways’ rise sharply

The introduction of smart motorways has seen a big rise in speeding fines, figures obtained by the BBC suggest.

Between 2010 and 2015, fixed penalties issued on smart sections increased from 2,000 to 52,000, according to data collated by the BBC’s The One Show. There are more than 236 miles of smart motorways in England, which use the hard shoulder and variable speed limits to control traffic flow. The government says they are used to improve capacity, not generate revenue.

Smart motorways are operated by Highways England, which uses overhead gantries – also containing speed cameras – to direct traffic into open lanes and change speed limits depending on the volume of traffic. A further 200 miles of smart motorways are currently either planned or under construction.

US election poll tracker: Who is ahead – Clinton or Trump?

Americans will vote on 8 November to choose their next president.

The numbers have begun to tighten as we approach election day amid crises affecting both Democratic contender Hillary Clinton and her Republican rival Donald Trump.

The Financial Times

Driverless cars pose threat to growth of cycling in cities

In London, more commuters are taking to bikes, with cyclists making 645,000 journeys a day in 2014, up a third from 2008. The UK capital’s Santander hiring scheme enjoyed almost 10m hires last year, up from 7m in 2011. Cycling is also very much on the political agenda. New east-west, north-south and west London routes are in the works, in addition to six existing “cycle super-highways”. Additionally, some dangerous trucks that afford drivers limited visibility — which were involved in 78 per cent of cyclist deaths in 2015 — are to banned from 2020. However, carmaker Ford is planning to launch its first commercial driverless models in 2021 and, as automated vehicles take to the city streets, the bike itself may be subjected to technological disruption.

VW criminal probe expands to include chairman

The German market manipulation probe into the Volkswagen diesel emissions scandal has expanded to include Hans Dieter Pötsch, chairman of the supervisory board who was finance chief when the scandal broke. Volkswagen announced on Sunday morning that the criminal probe launched in June by public prosecutors in Braunschweig against former chief executive Martin Winterkorn and VW brand head Herbert Diess now includes Mr Pötsch. The carmaker admitted in September 2015 to equipping up to 11m cars worldwide with software that enabled them to pass emissions tests even though they were polluting at up to 40 times the permitted level in normal road conditions. The market manipulation probe focuses on whether VW should have informed investors about the “defeat device” software earlier.

The Times

Paying with cash costs retailers £9bn a year

Accepting cash payments costs British business more than £9 billion a year in thefts, human error when giving change and trips to the bank, according to a study. Sage Pay, which provides shops with card-reading terminals and systems, found that more than 56 per cent of small businesses spent up to an hour or more a week counting and transporting cash. A quarter said that staff had stolen from them while 34 per cent admitted that they had lost cash because of mistakes.

Green company car drivers face £1,800 annual tax rise

Hundreds of thousands of company car drivers are facing higher tax bills under plans to scrap generous perks for employees.

Philip Hammond, the chancellor, is preparing to announce changes to tax rates in his autumn statement on November 23 that could result in drivers paying £5,000 over three years. The change will attempt to close a loophole that allows companies to reduce employee salaries in lieu of other perks that reduces the amount of taxable income and leads to lost revenue for the Treasury.

Carmakers accused of risking lives with tyre pressure danger

Thousands of motorists could be driving with dangerously under-inflated tyres because their car’s warning system fails to alert them to a loss of pressure, tests show. The systems passed legally required trials in laboratories but repeatedly failed to operate on the road in results that campaigners say have strong similarities to Volkswagen’s diesel emissions tests scandal. A VW Golf failed to detect an under-inflated tyre in 14 out of 16 real-world tests and a Fiat 500L failed all 16 tests, according to research by an independent company commissioned by the campaign group Transport & Environment (T&E).

Rapid-tint glasses protect drivers from headlight glare

It is one of the biggest hazards of driving at night. You are on an unlit road when a car approaches with its headlights on full beam, leaving you blinded, cursing and potentially losing control. Now scientists have developed smart glasses that filter out glare from head lamps. Liquid crystals, the same technology as employed in flat-screen televisions, are being used to detect sudden light changes in the road and rapidly tint the lenses. The glasses are synchronised with the motorist’s own headlights to ensure they only filter out oncoming glare.

Reuters.com

Oil prices bounce after OPEC reaffirms plan to cut output

Oil prices rose by over 1 percent on Monday, pushed up by a statement from the producers’ club OPEC that it was committed to a deal made in September to cut output in order to prop up the market. Brent crude LCOc1 was at $46.12 per barrel at 0746 GMT, up 54 cents, or 1.18 percent, from their previous close. U.S. West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude CLc1 was up 61 cents, or 1.38 percent, at $44.68 a barrel. The Secretary-General of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) said on Monday the group was committed to a deal made in Algiers to cut output.

The Daily Mail

Electric city car is voted the UK’s worst ever: G-Wiz beats the notorious Austin Allegro in poll of 4,000 motorists

It may be trendy and eco-friendly, but it seems these attributes can’t save the electric G-Wiz from being voted the worst car ever seen on Britain’s roads. The boxy runaround, sold as a commuter favourite and designed to be easier to park and cheaper to run than a conventional car, topped the poll of more than 4,000 motorists.

the all-electric Leaf model at its manufacturing facility in Sunderland – has taken its existing electric vehicle (EV) technology and added a 1.2-litre, three-cylinder petrol engine to charge the battery when necessary, eliminating the need for an external charger while offering the same high-output. The system is fitted in a Nissan Note – a model that is also built in Sunderland.

The Guardian

European commission to examine terms of UK’s deal with Nissan

The European commission is examining the details of Britain’s secret deal with Nissan, it can be revealed.

Officials in Brussels have made contact with the UK government to find out what promises the business secretary, Greg Clark, made to the Japanese carmaker to keep its business in the UK. The UK is not allowed to offer state aid, such as financial assistance, under EU rules that prevent countries from propping up companies and industries to the disadvantage of competitors from fellow member states. The commission can fine member states and force the company that has benefited to return any money.

Last month, Nissan announced that two new car models would be built in Sunderland, safeguarding 7,000 jobs, after receiving “support and assurances” from the government about the UK’s future outside the EU.