Tuesday, April 19, 2016

China

Forced abortion, sterilization and other abuses were still commonly
used to enforce China’s population control policy through 2015, the U.S.
State Department has confirmed. In addition, the number of abortions in
China appears to be a staggering 10 million higher than the commonly
quoted figure of 13 million per year.

The Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2015
released Tuesday said that coercive methods in China generally have
“markedly increased” in the last year. Listed among China’s many human
rights abuses is “a coercive birth-limitation policy that, despite the
lifting of one-child-per-family restrictions, in some cases resulted in
forced abortion (sometimes at advanced stages of pregnancy).”

Perhaps most striking is the massive increase in the annual number of abortions in China.
The Chinese government has repeatedly reported 13 million abortions a
year, noting that according to official Chinese sources, “The number of
abortions performed is believed to be higher,” because the statistics
were collected only from registered medical institutions and did not
include abortions at unregistered clinics.

The State Department Report, however, defines this “higher” number,
stating the following at page 55 of the 141-page PDF version:

The National Health Population
and Family Planning Commission reported that 13 million women annually
terminated unplanned pregnancies. An official news media outlet also
reported at least an additional 10 million chemically induced abortions
were performed in nongovernment facilities. Government statistics on the
percentage of all abortions that were nonelective was not available.

According to information provided by the State Department, therefore,
China is not performing 13 million, but 23 million abortions per year.

13 million abortions a year was already an incomprehensible
statistic. But to add another 10 million is truly staggering,
incomprehensibly tragic. 23 million abortions a year comes to 63,013
abortions a day, 2625 abortions an hour, 43 per minute.

The population of the United States is about 320 million, with about 1
million abortions per year. The population of China is almost 1.4
billion, with about 23 million abortions per year. Therefore, with four
times the population of the United States, China has 23 times the number
of abortions.
The State Department Report is significant not only for revealing the
startling increase in the number of abortions performed, but also the
brutal methods of enforcement.
“The country’s birth-limitation policies retained harshly coercive
elements in law and practice,” stated the Report, which described the
government’s “intense pressure” upon police to enforce local
birth-limitation quotas.
According to the State Department, laws in 18 Chinese provinces
require abortion, sometimes euphemized as “remedial measures,” for
illegal pregnancies. Officials in the remaining 13 provinces also were
found to have used forced abortion to meet birth limits.
The Report noted that the linking of police job promotion to success
in meeting birth quotas “provided a powerful structural incentive for
officials to employ coercive measures to meet population goals.”

The Report also confirmed that any woman pregnant outside of marriage
breaks the law in almost all provinces, and that so-called “social
compensation fees” up to ten times an individual’s disposable income
were also levied as punishment under the Policy. Where a couple already
had two children, one member of the couple was often required to be
sterilized.

This Report proves what advocates have been saying all along:
coercion, forced abortion and involuntary sterilization continue
unabated through 2015. They will continue under the Two-Child Policy.
Unmarried women and third children will still be forcibly aborted.

The State Department Report cited several anecdotal examples of the
coercion experienced by Chinese citizens under the Two-Child Policy.

For example, it cited a September case in which a woman complained
through social media that local officials threatened to fire her police
officer husband if she refused to abort their second child, with whom
she was eight months’ pregnant.

The Report also stated that, while officially prohibited,
sex-selective abortion “continued because of traditional preference for
male children and the birth-limitation policy.” Further, “female
infanticide, gender-biased abortions, and the abandonment and neglect of
baby girls remained problems due to the traditional preference for sons
and the birth-limitation policy.”

I joined other activists and U.S. Congressmen at a Congressional
hearing on December 3, 2015, to reject the widespread notion that
China’s notorious One-Child Policy was “abandoned” when the birth limit
was increased in January 2016.

I know from reports from WRWF’s network in China that forced
sterilization and sex-selective abortion have continued under the
Two-Child Policy. China’s new Policy is preserving a system of coercion,
not ending it.
Coercion remains the core of the policy.