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Chapter 3:

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Rizal’s early education was in Calamba and Biñan . Four R’s: Reading Writing Arithmetic Religion Instruction was rigid and strict. Knowledge was force into the minds of the pupils.

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Despite the defects of the Spanish system of elementary education, Rizal was acquire the necessary instruction preparatory for college work in Manila and abroad. Rizal who was born weakling, rose to become an intellectual giant.

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The Hero’s First Teacher

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Rizal’s first teacher is her mother, Doña Teodora . At the age of three (3) Rizal learns the alphabet and the prayers. Doña Teodora , first discovered her son’s talent for poetry. She encouraged Jose to write poems.

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As Jose grew older, his parents employed private tutor to give him lessons at home. Maestro Celestino was his first tutor. Maestro Lucas Padua was his second tutor.

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Leon Monroy , was his third tutor, who instructed him Spanish and Latin, but died five month’s later. After his death, Jose’s parents decided to send him to a private school in Biñan .

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Jose Goes to Biñan

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June 1869, Jose and Paciano left Calamba for Binan . The two brothers rode in a carromata and proceeded to their aunt’s house, where Jose was to lodge. Jose with his cousin Leandro, went sightseeing in the town but instead of enjoying the sights, Jose became depressed because of homesickness.

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First Day In Binan School

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The next morning, Paciano brought his younger brother to the school of Maestro Justinio Aquino Cruz. The school was in the house of the teacher, which was a small nipa hut, but 30 meters from the home of Jose’s aunt.

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First School Brawl

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In the afternoon, on his first day, Jose met the bully, Pedro. He was angry at Pedro for making him fun during his conversation with the teacher in the morning. Jose challenged Pedro to a fight.

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The boys wrestled furiously in the classroom and defeated Pedro. Later, his classmate Andres Salandanan challenged him to an arm-wrestling match, but then he lost.

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In the other day again he had a fight to the other boys of Binan . Jose was not quarrelsome by nature but he never ran away from a fight.

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Painting Lessons In Binan

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Near the school was the house of an old painter, called Juancho , who was the father – in - law of the school teacher. Juancho was impressed by the artistic talent of the Calamba lad.

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Jose and his classmate Jose Guevarra became apprentices of the old painter. They improved their art, so that in the due time they became “ the favorite painters of the class.”

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Daily Life In Binan

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Jose led a methodical life in Biñan , almost Spartan in simplicity. Such a life contributed much to his future development. It strengthened his body and soul.

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Best Student In School

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Jose beat all Biñan boys and surpassed them all in Spanish, Latin and other subjects. Some of his classmates were jealous of his intellectual superiority. His classmates always squealed to the teacher whenever Jose has a fight in the school and even told lies to discredit him before the teacher’s eyes.

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End Of Biñan Schooling

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Before Christmas season, Satrunina informed Jose of the arrival of the steamer Talim which would take him from Biñan to Calamba . He prayed in the town church, collected pebbles on the river for souvenirs, and regretfully bade farewell to his teacher and classmates. He left Biñan on Saturday afternoon, December 17, 1870.

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Martyrdom of Gom -Bur- Za

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Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora were the leaders of the secular movement to Filipinize the Philippine parishes magnified the failed mutiny into a “revolt” for Philippine Independence. February 17, 1872, about 7 in the morning, Fathers Gomez, Burgos and Zamora were garroted.

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Jose Rizal was inspired by the martyrdom of the Gom -Bur- Za to fight evils of Spanish tyranny and redeem his oppressed people. In 1891, Jose Rizal dedicated his second novel, El Filibusterismo , to Gom -Bur- Za .

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Injustice To Hero’s Mother

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Before June of 1872, tragedy struck the Rizal family. Doña Teodora was suddenly arrested on a malicious charge that she and her brother, Jose Alberto, tried to poison the latter’s perfidious wife. Jose Alberto’s wife and the Spanish lieutenant Guardia Civil filed a case accusing her husband and Doña Teodora of attempting to poison her.

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They arrested Doña Teodora and forced her walked from Calamba to Santa Cruz, distance of 50 km. She was incarcerated at the provincial prison for two years and half until the Supreme Court acquitted her of the alleged crime.