In a history of the skid rows in American cities from the late 19th century until the urban renewal era of the 1960s, Ella Howard tells of the impoverished people who inhabited them and the policy choices that supported their existence.

A recent conference hosted by the American Institute of Architects in Los Angeles shined a light on efforts to reduce homelessness in Los Angeles—and demonstrated just how much work must be done nationwide to solve this humanitarian crisis.

End of an Era for Planning Information in Canada?

Whenever we weed through the records of our personal past -- diaries, letters, drawings, school assignments from our youth -- we face difficult decisions over what to keep and what to discard. We are forced to come to terms with our documented past, and often recognize the power such records hold to both inspire – and embarrass. For
individuals and governments alike, the decision over what to record, what to
retain and what to communicate is a potent one, for it can either afford or
constrain opportunities for actions in the future, as well as confirm or
conflict with the image or myths we choose to tell about ourselves.

Whenever we weed through the records of our personal past -- diaries, letters, drawings, school assignments from our youth -- we face difficult decisions over what to keep and what to discard. We are forced to come to terms with our documented past, and often recognize the power such records hold to both inspire – and embarrass. For
individuals and governments alike, the decision over what to record, what to
retain and what to communicate is a potent one, for it can either afford or
constrain opportunities for actions in the future, as well as confirm or
conflict with the image or myths we choose to tell about ourselves.

Which is
why so many Canadians across the political spectrum and from a wide range of
professions are so concerned about the decisions by the Conservative Harper Government to end
the mandatory Census, and now to impose drastic budget cuts to Statistics
Canada, Libraries and Archives Canada and to the information-gathering
abilities of a host of other federal departments and crown corporations.

The
austere federal budget of 2012 will seriously erode the ability of departments
to commission the very surveys that were supposed to supplement the voluntary
Census, while the decision to close the libraries of Citizenship and Immigration,
Agriculture, Environment, Industry, Transport Canada, Public Works and
Government Services, the National Capital Commission, the Public Service
Commission
and the First Nations Statistical Institute (FNSI) will
further hamper research and decision-making affecting Canadian communities.

The fate
of these collections is uncertain at this point, although early reports suggest
these materials – hundreds of thousands of documents -- will simply be thrown
out.

Back in
2010 – and along with hundreds of other stakeholders – the Canadian Institute
of Planners (CIP), as well as the Council for Canadian Urbanism (CCU), both weighed in on
the Census decision. The official CIP submission called the decision "a great
mistake", that would have "serious and negative impacts on Canada's
communities"
while the CCU cited the Census as "the single most important source of
information, and the basis of most important decision-making in cities."

Taken
together with the loss of Stats Can staff, the shuttering of the FNSI and the
closing of the federal and crown corporation libraries, these moves represent a
significant threat to the ability of planners and policy makers to understand
emerging trends concerning the environmental and social conditions and
challenges facing Canadian communities – particularly those with vulnerable
populations. As a consequence, the process of public-policy making will be
rendered more vulnerable to the influence of ideologically-motivated guesswork
rather than being guided by empirical evidence. Critics including the Canadian
Civil Liberties Association are pointing to Bill C-10 (the omnibus crime bill)
as a case in point, as it mandates more and longer prison sentences when the
data show that crime rates are falling, and further that a focus on such
overtly punitive policies at the expense of prevention and rehabilitation has
elsewhere failed and been abandoned. Yet the Harper government is being widely seen as being simply uninterested in empirical evidence: facing cutbacks to research funding, this past week hundreds of Canadian scientists protested on Parliament Hill to mourn "the death of evidence."

Even if
some future federal government re-instates the mandatory Census and restores full
funding to Libraries and Archives Canada, Stats Can, the FNSI and the departmental and Crown Corporation libraries, policymakers
and historians will henceforth be dealing with a "hole in history" for which
there will be no easy remedy or replacement: the data will not be re-creatable nor
the lost collections entirely duplicable. This is to say nothing of the loss of
expertise represented by the re-assignment or termination of hundreds of
librarians.

And what
will be on offer in place of these historically trusted information sources? As
the progressive economist Armine Yalnizyan observed on Rabble.ca, "If you don't
buy official statistics, all you have is polls, market surveys and stories. The
Conservatives' anti-information strategy creates space for more mis-information
strategies."

What is
at stake is our national, institutional and documentary memory. These sources
of information are all of fundamental importance to planning in Canada,
including transportation, the environment, agriculture, public works,
immigration and Aboriginal peoples. Planning processes commensurate with -- and capable of responding to -- local, regional and national challenges depend upon accurate, timely and diverse sources of information, which in turn
require the institutional capacity to gather, organize, store and make this
information accessible. These budgetary decisions on the part of the Harper government may significantly cripple this ability.

As an
individual, I have the freedom to decide to what to store and what to discard from
my own records, to determine what I choose to remember; and, as needed, adjust
the range of information sources at my disposal given the evolution of the
tools available. As a country, however, such decisions cannot be made so
lightly, swiftly and irrevocably without regard for or consultation with the
stakeholders involved, particularly when such information touches on almost
every aspect of our lives.

Unfortunately,
as a result of these decisions, Canadian planners are going to need to contend
with a starkly denuded information environment for years if not decades to
come.

Planning: A professional practice and an academic study focused on the future of built environments and connected natural environments—from the smallest towns to the largest cities and everything in between.

Planetizen: The independent resource for people passionate about planning and related fields.