Sir Peter Lely

by Arnold de Jode, published by Richard Tompson, after Sir Peter Lelyline engraving, circa 166614 in. x 11 in. (357 mm x 280 mm) paper size, cutPurchased with help from the Friends of the National Libraries and the Pilgrim Trust, 1966Reference CollectionNPG D5062

Current affairs

The Great Fire of London starts in a baker's shop in Pudding Lane, destroying two-thirds of the city. Charles II and James, Duke of York personally direct and manually assist with the fire-fighting effort. Thousands are left homeless, though few people die.

Art and science

Mathematical scientist, Isaac Newton, formulates a series of groundbreaking theories concerning light, colour, calculus, and, after supposedly watching an apple fall from a tree, the universal law of gravitation. Nicholas Lanier, Master of the King's Music dies and Frenchman Louis Grabu is appointed the post.

International

The Four Days' Battle. Dutch navy led by Admiral Michiel de Ruyter attacks the English fleet under George Monck, Duke of Albemarle, now Joint- Commander-in-Chief with Prince Rupert. Outcome of the battle is indecisive, though England loses twice as many men and ships, severely damaging the fleet.

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