Save your cookie preferences

We use cookies to remember your site preferences, record your referrer and improve the performance of our site. For more information, see our cookie policy.

Please select an option below and 'Save' your preferences.

No cookies. Without any cookies our websites can't remember your site preferences (currency, weight units, markets, referrer, etc.) for your next visit. Any cookies already dropped will be deleted at the end of your browsing session.

BullionVault cookies only. We use these cookies to record your site preferences (currency, weight units, markets, referrer, etc.) for your next visit.

BullionVault cookies and third-party cookies. Also, allow our use of cookies from well-known third parties such as Google, Facebook, Bing and YouTube. These help us understand how visitors use our websites so we can improve them.

You can update your cookie preferences at any time from the 'Cookies' link in the footer.

We use cookies (including third-party cookies such as Google) to remember your site preferences and to help us understand how visitors use our sites so we can improve them. To learn more, please see our privacy policy and our cookie policy.

To agree to our use of cookies, click 'Accept' or choose 'Options' to set your preferences by cookie type.

Archive

2019 Warning on Stocks

The U.S. INFLATION story made further inroads this month, with year-over-year price growth for consumers and producers alike hitting multiyear highs, writes Frank Holmes at US Global Investors.

US consumer prices expanded at their strongest pace in more than six years, climbing to an annual change of 2.8% in May. Prices for final demand goods, meanwhile, grew 3.1%, their strongest annual surge since December 2011.

As you might expect, energy was the greatest contributor to higher prices in May, with fuel oil jumping more than 25% from the same month a year ago. The current average price for a gallon of regular gas nationwide was just under $3.00, compared to only $2.33 in June 2017, according to the American Automobile Association (AAA).

Inflation is set to get an even bigger jolt now that President Donald Trump has formally approved 25% tariffs on as much as $50 billion of Chinese goods. China has already announced retaliatory action. While I agree some targeted tariffs are welcome to address intellectual property theft, tariffs at the wholesale level are essentially regulations that threaten to undermine all the work Trump has done to supercharge the US economy. They act as headwinds to further growth, which in turn makes gold look attractive as a safe haven investment.

Let's return to energy for a moment. Hot off the success of his historic summit with North Korea leader Kim Jong-un, Trump took a stab at foreign oil producers last week, tweeting: "Oil prices are too high, OPEC is at it again. Not good!"

The President isn't wrong, but I believe he may be overselling the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries' influence here. In May, the 14-member cartel added an extra 35,000 barrels per day (bpd) in output compared to the previous month, to reach a total of 31.8 million bpd. This is down from the average 32.6 million and 32.4 million bpd OPEC collectively produced in 2016 and 2017.

Venezuela's output deteriorated once again, falling more than 42% in May to 1.4 million bpd, which is less than half of what it produced 20 years ago.

The beleaguered South American country didn't have the biggest monthly decline among OPEC members, however – that title belonged to Nigeria, which saw its April-to-May production tumble 53.5% to 1.7 million bpd. Analysts predict output could fall further to 1.4 million bpd by July – a level not seen since 1988 – as the country's Nembe Creek Trunk Line (NCTL) has had to be closed recently to address product theft along its route.

OPEC will meet later this month and is widely expected to loosen production curbs as global demand strengthens. In the meantime, the US continues to pump even more oil on a monthly basis, and by 2019 it could be producing more than 11 million bpd for the first time ever. This would make it the world's top oil producer, above Russia.

The inflation news helped support the price of gold, which traded as high as $1309 an ounce last Thursday, its best intraday showing in four weeks. The Treasury Department also announced last week that in the first eight months of the current fiscal year – October through May – the US government deficit widened to a whopping $532 billion, or 23% more than the same eight-year period a year ago.

That's already more than the total deficits in fiscal years 2014 and 2015. Because of higher spending and lower revenues, it's estimated that the deficit by the end of the fiscal year will balloon to $833 billion, which would be the greatest amount since 2012.

I believe this makes the investment case for gold and gold equities even more appealing as a store of value. In the chart below, notice how the price of gold has responded to government spending. I inverted the bars, representing surplus and deficit, to make the relationship more clear. In the years following the Clinton surplus of the late 90s, the difference between expenditure and revenue surged to new record amounts on the back of military spending in the Middle East and the multibillion-Dollar bailouts of financial firms during the subprime mortgage crisis. Consequentially, the price of gold exploded.

But back to the Fed. Besides lifting rates, the central bank has also signaled that we can expect two more hikes in 2018, suggesting it sees less and less need to accommodate a booming US economy. Since the start of this particular rate hike cycle two and a half years ago, we haven't yet seen four increases in a single calendar year.

This raises the question of how close we are to the end of the business cycle.

Rising rates, among other indicators, have often preceded the end of economic expansions and equity bull markets. Among other telltale signs: a flattening yield curve, record corporate and household debt, an overheated jobs market and increased mergers and acquisition (M&A) activity.

So far this year, the value of global M&As has already reached $2 trillion, a new all-time high. The last two periods when M&As reached similar levels were in 2007 ($1.8 trillion) and in 2000 ($1.5 trillion), according to Reuters. Careful readers will note that those two years came immediately before the financial crisis and tech bubble.

Now, the world's largest hedge fund, Bridgewater Associates, has reportedly turned bearish on "almost all financial assets," according to one of its most recent notes to investors.

In the firm's Daily Observations, co-CIO Greg Jensen writes that "2019 is setting up to be a dangerous year, as the fiscal stimulus rolls off while the impact of the Fed's tightening will be peaking."

Be that as it may, calling the end of the cycle would be a fool's errand and could result in missed opportunities, as J.P. Morgan's Samantha Azzarello points out in a recent note to investors. Late-cycle returns can still be quite substantial, she says.

Take a look at the chart below, which highlights returns 24 months, 12 months, six months and three months leading up to the past eight market peaks. Obviously returns were higher in the longer-term periods, but even the three-month periods delivered some attractive returns – returns that would be left on the table if skittish investors exited now. According to Azzarello, it's important to "rebalance, stick to a plan and remember: get invested and stay invested."

As further proof that many investors still see plenty of fuel in the tank, the June survey of fund managers conducted by Bank of America Merrill Lynch (BAML) found that equity investors are overweight US stocks for the first time in 15 months. Commodity allocations are at their highest in eight years. And two-thirds of managers say the US is the best region in the world right now for corporate profits, which is at a 17-year high.

That's not to say there aren't risks, however. Forty-two per cent of survey participants said they believed corporations were overleveraged. That's well above the peak of 32% from soon before the start of the financial crisis. Fund managers cited "trade war" as the biggest "tail risk" for markets at present.

This is largely why we find domestic-focused small to mid-cap stocks so attractive right now. These firms are well positioned to take advantage of Trump's high-growth "America first" policies, yet because they don't have as much exposure to foreign markets, they bypass many of the trade war pitfalls large multinationals must face. Since Election Day 2016, the small-cap Russell 2000 Index has outperformed the large-cap S&P 500 Index by more than 8.5%.

On a final note, I want to draw attention to a change we've observed in S&P 500 returns – specifically, the difference in performance between an equal-weighted basket of stocks and one that's market cap-weighted. For the longer-term period, equal-weighting outperformed. But more recently, market cap-weighting has pulled ahead. This is the case for the one-year, three-year and five-year periods.

So why is this? Simply put, the phenomenally large FAANG stocks (Facebook, Apple, Amazon, Netflix and Google) have made the S&P 500 top heavy. Today, these five stocks represent a highly concentrated 12% of the S&P 500, nearly double from their share just five years ago. Apple alone represents 4% of the large-cap index.

Ten years ago, the FAANG stocks – excluding Facebook, which wasn't public yet – had a combined market cap of $390 billion, according to FactSet data. In 2018, they're valued at more than eight and half times that, or right around $3.32 trillion – a mind-boggling sum.

Market cap-weighted also means more money is disproportionately being reallocated to top winners such as Apple and Amazon, and so it becomes a self-fulling prophecy. This leaves you with too much exposure to companies that would be hardest hit in the event of a market downturn, and too little exposure to names and sectors that might rotate to the top in the next cycle.

Frank Holmes is chief executive officer and chief investment officer of US Global Investors Inc., a registered investment adviser managing approximately $4.8 billion in 13 no-load mutual funds and for other advisory clients. A Toronto native, he bought a controlling interest in US Global Investors in 1989, after an accomplished career in Canada's capital markets. His specialized knowledge gives him expertise in resource-based industries and money management.

Please Note: All articles published here are to inform your thinking, not lead it. Only you can decide the best place for your money, and any decision you make will put your money at risk. Information or data included here may have already been overtaken by events – and must be verified elsewhere – should you choose to act on it. Please review our Terms & Conditions for accessing Gold News, RSS links are shown there.