Prithivi Narayan Shah : Creator of Nepal

Prithivi Narayan Shah was the first king of Nepal. He was the creator of Nepal. He also established the capital of Nepal at Kathmandu. He unified Nepal in a single state. Prithvi Narayaṇ Shah, (born 1723 - died 1775), was a member of the Shah family of the Gorkha District, Nepal, who conquered the three Malla kingdoms of Kathmandu, Patan, and Bhadgaon in 1769 and consolidated them to found the modern state of Nepal.

In 1742 Prithvi Narayaṇ became king of Gorkha (Gurkha). An ambitious ruler, he was able to quickly enlarge his territory by conquering the quarrelsome and disunited principalities around Gurkha. Prithvi Narayaṇ’s initial attempts was to establish hegemony were abortive over the Malla kingdoms. However, the king of Kathmandu enlisted the aid of the East India Company in 1767 and was able to repulse Prithvi Narayaṇ’s encroachments. Two years later, however, after the company’s forces had been recalled, Kathmandu was taken. With this Prithvi Narayaṇ to consolidate his territories into a new 'Kingdom of Nepal' which he made into a unified, strong, and independent state. He then increased his territory Tarai, Kumaon, Garhwal, Simla, and Sikkim in northern India, as well as large portions of the Plateau of Tibet and of the valleys of the Inner Himalayas. However, he brought down upon himself the combined military forces of the East India Company and the nawab of Bengal, who together succeeded in retaking that area by conquering Makwanpur.

Prithvi Narayaṇ cover his border and maintained peaceful but had a distant relations with the British, refusing to trade with them. He died before he could effectively organize the administration of his new country. Upon his death, Prithvi Narayaṇ was succeeded by his son, Pratap Singh Shah.