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The problem of drug resistance remains unsolved, therapeutic ally, problem of drug resistance is an increasing one, thus, an issue of public health concern.

Base on report released by Centre for Disease and Control (CDC,2017) as part of awareness week 13th November 2017, more than 400,000 U.S resident become ill with infection caused by antibiotic resistance food borne bacteria every year»

NB: "people who are infected with antibiotic resistant bacteria may experience more severe illness, including hospitalization and death, because these infection can be harder to treat."CDC,2017

Indeed antibiotic are necessary to protect the health of people and animals including pets.

1. What is antibiotics?
2. What is antibiotic resistance all about?
3. What is self medication?
Instances of antibiotic resistance
4. Who is a victim of antibiotic resistance?
5. When then should antibiotic be use?

These shall be briefly discussed in the possible understandable terms.

What is antibiotic?

It is a substances a (e.g penicillin),produced by certain bacteria and fungi, that prevent growth of, or destroy, other bacteria. according to Bailliere's Nurses' Dictionary 25th edition.
The antibiotic can be divided into two (2) group: bacteriostatic and the bactericidal. The former is said to be inhibit bacterial growth, and the organism are later eliminated by the normal host defence system of the body. By S.J Hopkins(2005).

What is antibiotic resistance all about?

According to Alexander Fleming in 1928," It was once thought that a substance capable of killing bacteria would by its nature be too toxic for use in the treatment of systemic bacteria infection."

Antibiotic resistance also known as bacterial resistance, is one that is not inhibited or killed by an antimicrobial agent at concentrations of the agent achievable in the body after normal dosage. Resistance may interfers with a process that is not essential for bacterial survival or that resistance may be natural if the drug is unable to enter the target bacterial cell wall to render it powerless.
Antibiotic is also capable of altering the normal bacterial population. if this balance is upset some of the patient's harmless commensals may start causing infestion resulting in what is known as SUPRA INFESTION.S J Hopkins(2005)

What is self medication?

It refers to consumption or use of drug without the doctor prescription or content, either antibiotic or other medications.

Instances of antibiotic resistance1. Resistance between penicillin and the cephalosporins (Rocephin and the likes).
2. Resistance may be acquired by the transfer of genetic material by bacterial contact.
3. Patients receiving cytotoxic or immunosuppressant drug.
4. Presence of beta-lactamase enzyme.
5. Methicillin resistance staphylococcus aureus.

Who is a victim of antibiotic resistance phenomenon?

1. Anyone fond of over-using antibiotics for trivial infections.
2. Unwise use of broad-spectrum antibiotics before the sensitivity of the invading organism has been confirmed by health care professionals in the hospital.
3. Persons engaging in self medication.
4. Over-the-counter practices.
5. Use of antibiotic after sex by commercial sex workers.
6. Poor compliance through the course of prescribed antibiotic regiment.

When then should antibiotics be use?

Therapeutically,antibiotic should be used after infecting organisms have been identified and their sentitivity to antibiotic has been determined by a standard reference laboratory as the case may be a local of district laboratory.

NOTE
Party A used a particular antibiotic in treatment of toilet infection,does not makes it an ideal drug for party B.

According to CDC,2017;1. Prescribing the Right antibiotic
2. At the Right time
3. In the Right dose
4 for the Right duration helps fight antibiotic resistance,protect patients from Unnecessary side effects, and helps ensure these life-saving medicines will be effective for future generations.