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Lectures22

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02:05:45

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English

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Hello all !!

I came up with this course due to an extremely amusing encounter. My 7 Years old daughter found a very old textbook of mine which included Pluto as the 9th planet & she asked me why she can't see it in her textbooks. So I explained her the good old story of Pluto loosing its planet status in 2005. That gave me a drive to create a course that can help anyone to remind what lies beyond. I personally enjoyed making this course. Following are some important points covered

Universe is the name that we use to describe the collection of all the things that exist in space. It is made of many millions of millions of stars and planets and enormous clouds of gas separated by a gigantic empty space which is called the universe.

The Universe is all of space and time and their contents, including planets, stars, galaxies, and all other forms of matter and energy.

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process. It is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth.

Mercury is the smallest and innermost planet in the Solar System. Its orbital period around the Sun of 87.97 days is the shortest of all the planets in the Solar System. It is named after the Roman deity Mercury, the messenger of the gods.

Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days. It has the longest rotation period of any planet in the Solar System and rotates in the opposite direction to most other planets. It does not have any natural satellites. It is named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty.

The asteroid belt is the circumstellar disc in the Solar System located roughly between the orbits of the planets Mars and Jupiter. It is occupied by numerous irregularly shaped bodies called asteroids or minor planets.

Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System. It is a giant planet with a mass one-thousandth that of the Sun, but two-and-a-half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined.

Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest in the Solar System, after Jupiter. It is a gas giant with an average radius about nine times that of Earth. It has only one-eighth the average density of Earth, but with its larger volume Saturn is over 95 times more massive.

Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun. It has the third-largest planetary radius and fourth-largest planetary mass in the Solar System. Uranus is similar in composition to Neptune, and both have bulk chemical compositions which differ from that of the larger gas giants Jupiter and Saturn. It is the coldest planet in the solar system.

Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System. In the Solar System, it is the fourth-largest planet by diameter, the third-most-massive planet, and the densest giant planet. Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth, slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus.

The Kuiper belt, occasionally called the Edgeworth–Kuiper belt, is a circumstellar disc in the outer Solar System, extending from the orbit of Neptune to approximately 50 AU from the Sun. It is similar to the asteroid belt, but is far larger—20 times as wide and 20 to 200 times as massive.

NOTE - With recent developments ; The distant Kuiper Belt object formerly known as 2014 MU69 – later known as Ultima Thule – has been renamed again. Its new name is Arrokoth.

Comets are cosmic snowballs of frozen gases, rock and dust that orbit the Sun. When frozen, they are the size of a small town. When a comet's orbit brings it close to the Sun, it heats up and spews dust and gases into a giant glowing head larger than most planets.

The Oort cloud, named after the Dutch astronomer Jan Oort, sometimes called the Öpik–Oort cloud, is a theoretical cloud of predominantly icy planetesimals proposed to surround the Sun at distances ranging from 2,000 to 200,000 AU.

Navagraha means "nine celestial bodies" in Sanskrit and are nine astronomical bodies as well as deities in Hinduism and Hindu astrology. These are the Sun, the Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn, Solar Eclipse, Lunar Eclipse

Before moving forward to understand several anomalies and events in the vast universe. You must know certain definitions and terminologies. This is a very important lecture hence I recommend everyone to not skip it. Several definitions and terminologies discussed in this session are

Oumuamua is the only interstellar object detected passing through the Solar System. Formally designated 1I/2017 U1, it was discovered by Robert Weryk using the Pan-STARRS telescope at Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii, on 19 October 2017, 40 days after it passed its closest point to the Sun.

The Great Attractor is an apparent gravitational anomaly in intergalactic space at the center of the local Laniakea Supercluster, in which the Milky Way is located, in the so-called Zone of Avoidance that is very difficult to observe in visible wavelengths due to the obscuring effects of our own galactic plane.

KIC 8462852 (also Tabby's Star or Boyajian's Star) is an F-type main-sequence star located in the constellation Cygnus approximately 1,470 light-years from Earth. Unusual light fluctuations of the star, including up to a 22% dimming in brightness (FLUX), were discovered by citizen scientists as part of the Planet Hunters project.

In this lecture we are going to discuss about the achievements in the field of space exploration for the past 5-6 decades. The major achievements till 2010 are covered as such ;

1. First Human orbits the earth.

2. First space walk

3. First spacecraft soft lands on the moon

4. First human walks on the moon

5. First pictures get transmitted from Mars

6. First spacecraft makes close flyby of a comet

7. First large optical space telescope launched

8. First spacecraft to orbit and land on an asteroid

9. Launch of the first private manned vehicle

10. First aircraft returns to Earth with samples of an asteroid

After 2010 there were a tremendous increase in the field of space exploration. We are going to add selective lectures pertaining to the same. Always remember, Whenever something big happens in the field of astronomy,space exploration and cosmology. You will definitely find it here as well. This is a constantly updated section !!

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