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Massachusetts
New Jersey
Wisconsin
Oregon
CRANBERRIES
Washington
Canada THE NATIONAL CRANBERRY MAGAZINE
HOW OSHA AFFECTS YOU...
:-::: r: :::: _-_::: _~~i ::':.::i:-::i: i:-;-:i~~i-~iii~i:--i:
1
~. .
HONEY BEES . ... . .. 4
TRAPS KEEP BEES BUZZING . . . ~14
_
DIECITORY for
cranberrm growers
EQUIPMENT
"CRANBERRIES" HAYDEN
SEPARATOR
WAREHAM, MASS.
advertsing pays WAR"M
adverting Irrigation Systems
pays
BIG ilVldellds !PUMPS
SEPARATORS -BLOWERS
* ! o J1 I SDSCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT
DARLINGTON
PICKING MACHINES
Electricity -key to progress
In industry as well as the home, l : :: ::
electricity has been a vital key to
progress. It is now and will continue /OG aV
to be in the future, readily available
wherever and whenever it is needed. ) -
f' ' NEW BEDFORD GAS AND EDISON LIGHT COMPANY
['f -. •/\ ~ PLYMOUTH DIVISION \
'.A /PLYMOUTH, MASS. T
......_ ____ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ IThe
CHARLES W.HARRISj
The National Bank of Wareham Company
451 Old Somerset Avenue
Conveniently located for Cranberry Men North Dighton, Mass.
Phone 824-5607
AMES
Irrigation Systems
FUNDS ALWAYS AVAILABLE FOR SOUND LOANS Irrigatn
RAIN BIRD
Sprinklers
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Highest Quality Products
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How
OSHA( YOU
Here's a run-down of Occupational Safety and
Affec Health Act standards which apply to agricul
ture. More regulations are slated for 1973and
failure to comply means stiff penalties
Power to enforce the Occupa-
tional Safety and Health Act is in
the hands of the Secretary of Labor
and the new Occupational Safety
and Health Review Commission, a
quasi-judicial board of three mem-
bers appointed by the President.
The number of inspection offices
and officers around the country is
fast increasing, and normally em-
ployers will be given no warning of
inspections. Inspectors can inspect
all pertinent conditions on the
premises, including structures,
equipment, and materials; question
anyone privately; and require the
testimony of witnesses and the
production of evidence under oath.
An .inspection can also be re-
quested by an employee for a
violation of an existing standard
or for any condition that he feels
represents an imminent danger. If
the inspector agrees that a danger
exists that might cause serious
physical harm before it could be
eliminated through normal enforce-
ment procedures, he can recom-
mend that the Secretary seek a
restraining order from the U.S.
district court. If these channels fail,
the employee himself can bring a
mandamus action in district court
to compel the Secretary to act.
Under normal enforcement pro-
cedures, however, every citation
carries with it a "reasonable" time
limit for correction, although the
citation itself must be immediately
posted in a prominent place. If the
violation is not corrected within
the prescribed period, a penalty
will be assessed.
Thesepenalties are mostly mone-
tary and can run up to $10,000
for each violation, so don't treat
OSHA lightly. Serious violations,
those which involve a "substantial
probability" of death or serious
physical injury, incur mandatory
penalties of up to $1,000, and the
same amount may be assessed for
non-serious violations. If an em-
ployer fails to correct a violation
_HW~ &a_
(Wisconsin-Michigan Growers)
ALUMINUM HEADGATES FABRICATED
TO YOU.R SPECIFICATIONS
HAND WHEEL OPERATED GATES
ALUMINUM CORRUGATED PIPE
INTERNATIONAL POWER UNITS
INTERNATIONAL CRAWLER TRACTORS
WARNER & SWASEY EXCAVATORS
WALDON LOADERS AND USED EQUIPMENT
Eau Claire, Wis. Escanaba, Mich.
715-835-5157 906-786-6920
Madison, Wis. Green Bay, Wis.
608-222-4151 414-435-6639
IIERNAIlONAL CONSTRUCTION
INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY
Milwaukee, Wis.
414-46 1-5440
Ironwood, Mich.
906-932-0222
EQUIPMET
within the prescribed time period,
he can actually be penalized up to
$1,'000 each day that he fails to
comply!
He does have some recourse. If
he notifies the Labor Department
within 15 days after the penalty
is set that he is contesting the
citation, the time limit, and/or the
penalty, the Review Commission
must give him the opportunity for
a hearing. (Employees can contest
time limits too, though.)
Employers can also challenge an
addition or modification of the
Act in the U.S. Court of Appeals
within 60 days of its promulgation,
so stay abreast of future develop
ments.
Additional information regarding
forms and record-keeping requirements
may be obtained from
the Office of Information Service,
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration, U.S. Department
of Labor, Washington, D.C. 20210.
P
Western Pickers
Sales Parts and Repairs
-ORDER NOW
J. E. BRALEY & SON
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78 Gibbs Ave.
Wareham. Mass.
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DESIGNED ESPECIALLY FOR THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY ...
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COMPLENO NTERNAL OBSTRUCTIONS
IR
DESIGNED FOR CONTINUOUS
SERVICE
IMPELLER IS RECESSED AWAY FROM WATER PATH
QUICK COUPLE RISER VALVES
_ NO WRENCHES
* NO THREADS
e LABOR SAVING
4" TAPPED INSERT COUPLING
ELIMINATES THE NEED
FOR BRASS SADDLES
* HOLDS PLASTIC PIPE TOGETHER
BETTER WITH LONGER AND
DEEPER SERRATIONS
NIERIGPIRPAlNO
99~~~~ WAmRRENwmuAVEN LAR~ UE CHMN
746-2610 862-2550
2
,----*-T+++++4-4+TT
Themean temperature in degrees
for the month of March was 2.7°
above the 50-year average of 29.4.
So far, the rponth of April has been
cold. Snow came on the night of
April 1 and it was cold again on
the night of the 12th.
Recently we had a paper on the
post harvest physiology of the cran-
berry published in HortScience.
Upon request, we would be glad to
send anyone a reprint.
A recent item in the press indi-
cates that lowbush blueberry grow-
ers in Nova Scotia will probably
have the opportunity to join in a
cost sharing crop insurance scheme.
This is something for our cranberry
growers to consider.
........... ..
I NA* Is A
A
a
W ASHI N iT UON
^941in
4111<1MI4+4'
Field Day at the Coastal Wash-
ington Unit will be June 30. This
will mark 50 years in operation for
n on
cranberry research theh Long
Beach Peninsula
and Washington
OCSEMD NEWS M NEWJERSEY
.' 4.l+•+•.I+ .....-' Arlen Davison, Extension PlantAfl Continuing the mild trend of this
A SM A 9 *A Pathologist from the Puyallup Cen-
ter spoke for the growers meetings past winter, March was unusually
N OVA SC OT at w e r, 4 0 abv nrm wasusal
NO61°~VI March
7
7
at Grayland Community warm. The average temperature was
ftMarch
^'-""-""" =i^+f^^CI .46.5° or 4.8° above normal. It was
^·+=i~~lt·H·~
O--I and March 9 at the mildest March since 1947 and
Hall, Long Beach.
His topic "How to Cope with
Fungus Diseases."
rosa^~~~~~ ^ n \Athe
Azmi Shawa attended the South-
west Washington Weed Association
meeting March 22, held at the
Ford's Prairie Grange Hall, Cen-
tralia. On March 29th he attended
a seminar on latest procedures used
in neutron activation analyses by
Dr. Lee Van Nice of Washington
State University, at Puyallup Center.
The February warm spell dropped
off for a mean of 49.06° during
March, the high of 56° came on the
25th. The mean low was 37.32 °
with a low of 31° on the 8th, 11th,
24th and 29th. Precipitation for
the month totaled 8.61 inches with
the greatest amount on the 19th of
1..40 inches.
Another bulletin of interest to
cranberry growers, and all those
interested in pollination for com-
,,mercial crops, E.M. 3473 "How to
Reduce Poisoning of Bees from
Pesticides." Copies available at the
Coastal Washington Res. & Ext.
Unit, Rt. 1, Box 570, Long Beach,
WA 98631.
State cranberry growers. Some spe-phase
cial features are planned and an
open invitation is extended to all
open minvi~tatsion is E^
to
to join the celebration.I
t~o join the celebration.........
STODDARD SOLVENT
WATER WHITE KEROSENE
GASOLINE __
MOTOR OILS Central |
AI ^lll^Y^I
DIESEL FUELS f lp w Heating
Heating
FUEL OIL I
866-4545 CARVER MASS.
the milde archsince 1947 an
the Card warmest in 43 years at
Cranberry and Blueberry Lab
weather station at New Lisbon.
Temperatures were above 60 on 12
days and were below 500 on only
seven days. Extremes were 71 ° on
the 14th and 21° on the first of the
month.
The trend of wet weather was
The trendofwet weather was
temporarily broken as only a little
over an inch of rain fell in the first
half of the month. However, the
latter half was rainier than normal
and the month ended with a total
of 3.86 inches, just .01 above normal.
This is the sixth successive
month of excessive precipitation.
During this period 32.77 inches of
rain has fallen which is about 13
inches above normal. Only 1/4 of
an inch of snow occurred during
the entire winter, making it the
most snowless year on record.
Rain continues to be heavy in
the first few days of April and a
worrisome mummy berry disease
situation is developing in blueberries.
Conditions have been ideal for
the development of the primary
of the disease, the "mummy
phase of the the
cups," and growers have been un
c
able to get into their fields to apply
control ^ Burlington
measures. The
County area is particularly vulner
able to the disease. In some rainy
springs it has destroyed more than
75% of the crop in some fields.
Continued on Page 16
CRANBERRIES...
the onI
the onl
R W
G ROW E R
mgazine
~-
r-'II IIlIII~l
Bee poisoning, the destruction of
honey bees by insecticides applied
for crop pest control, has become
a serious problem in recent years.
It is particularly damaging on tree
fruit, small fruit, cucurbit, vegetable
seed, and clover seed crops which
are dependent upon honey bees for
pollination. The various chemicals
are classified as to their hazard to
bees and proper conditions of use
as follows:
Hazardous at any time on bloom-
ing crops-
Aldrin, Azodrin, Banol, Baygon*,
Baytex*, Bidrin, Bomyl, Calcium
arsenate, Cryolite, Cygon, Dasanit,
Diazinon, Dibrom dust, Dieldrin,
DNOSBP, Dursban*, EPN, Ethyl-
methyl Guthion, Folimat, Furadan,
Guthion, Heptachlor, Imidan, Lan-
nate dust, Lead arsenate, Lindane
& BHC, Malathion dust, Malathion
ULV, Matacil, Metacide, Methyl
Parathion**, Methyl Trithion, Para
thion, Ph~osdrin*,
-Phosphamidon,
Sevin, Supracide, Telodrin, Vapona,
and Zectran.
Not hazardous if applied in late
evening after bees have quit forag-
ing, except during periods of high
temperature in late evening-
Alpha gamma chlordane, Dibrom
WP, Malathion EC, Monitor, and
Thimet EC.
Not hazardous if applied in either
evening or early morning when bees
are not foraging, except during
periods of high temperatures in
these times-
Biothion, Carzol, Chlordane, DDT,
Delnav, Dibrom EC, Dieldrin G,
Dilan, Di-Syston EC Dylox, Endrin,
Ethion, Gardona, Galecron & Fun-
dal dust, Heptachlor G, Isopropyl
INSECTICIDE
TOXICITY
/TOHONEY BEES
By Carl Johansen, Entomologist,
and Arthur H. Retan, Extension Entomology Specialist,
-!i
Cooperative Extension Service,
Washington State University.
Parathion, Lannate SP, Menazon,
Methoxychlor, Meta-Systox-R,
Morocide, Nemacide(V-C 13), NPD,
Orthene, Perthane, Phostex, Phos-
vel, Pirimor, Rhothane (TDE),
Sevin-4-oil Systox, TEPP*
Thanite, Thimet G**, Thiocron,
Thiodan, Torak, Toxaphene, Toxa
phene + DDT, Tranid, Trithion,
Vydate, and Zolone.
Not hazardous at any time on
blooming crops-
Acarol, Allethrin, Aramite, Baygon
G, Chlorobenzilate, Chloropro-
pylate, Dasanit G Dessin, Dimite
Di-Syston G**, DN-111, Fenson,
Furadan G, Galecron and Fundal
SP EC, Genite 923, Karathane
Kelthane, Kepone, Lethane 384,
Lime-sulfur, Lovozal, Malathion G,
Micasin, Milbex, Mirex, Mitox,
Morestan,Neotran, Nicotine, Nissol,
Oil sprays (superior type), Omite,
Ove, Pentac Plictran Pyrethrum
Rotenone, Ryania, Schradan, Sevin
G, Sodium Fluosilicate bait, Sulfur,
Sulphenone, Tedion and Temik G.
P
General Precautions
1Do not apply insecticides which
have a long residual toxicity to
bees on blooming crops.
2 Mow or beat down orchard cover
crop blooms before applying in-
secticides.
3Apply certain moderate hazard
or short residual insecticides only
College of Agriculture,
from orchards or fields.
7Contact thebeekeeperto remove
honey bee colonies from the
ae, if feasible.
Do no use chlordane or Vapona
keeping
storage facilities.
9 When insect pests are known to
be damaging to a crop every
season, use a preventive type
program of early application before
population increase, foliage
growth, and weather conditions
reduce effectiveness of the in
secticide
10Observe regulationsoftheWash
ington State Department of Agriculture
which restrict the use of
chemicals hazardous to bees on
certain blooming crops.
*Baygon, Baytex, and Dursban at
mosquito abatement rates are not
hazardous to bees after a few hours.
** Methyl parathion, Phosdrin, TEPP,
ThimetG, andDi-Syston G should not
be used where there is a possible
fumigation hazard to honey bees.
Farm Credit Service
Box 7,Taunton, Mass. 02781
when bees are not foraging.824-7578
4Use relatively nonhazardous insecticideswhenever
possible. PRODUCTION CREDIT LOANS
LAND BANK MORTGAGES
5 Choose the less hazardous types
of secticide formulat whenever
possible. Office -On Route 44
6 Establish holding yards of honey 1/4 Mile West of Rt. 24
bee colonies at least 3 miles .
CRANBERRIES
te5 r //;7 NATIONAL CRANBERR Y MAGAZINE
tTHE
Our 35th Year of Publication
Stu,IY _ -j/
publisher
I. STANLEY COBB
Issue of May 1973 / Volume 38 -No. Office: R-55 Summer Street, Kingston, Massachusetts
02364, Post Office Box J. Telephone (617) 585-3604
All correspondence and advertising should be sent to
Box J, Kingston.
-advisors -correspondents
LIGHT AND HONEY BEE POLLINATION NovaScotia
1. V. HALL
The value of crop pollination by honey bees, Botanist, Research Station
already estimated in the billions of dollars each Kentville, Nova Scotia
year, may some day be enhanced by applying Massachusetts
recent findings by a team of U.S. Department of DR. CHESTER E. CROSS
Agriculture (USDA) scientists in cooperation with Director, Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station
the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station, IRVING DeMORANVILLE
Madison. Extension Cranberry Specialist
Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station
Agricultural engineer Benjamin F. Detroy and New Jersey
entomologist Eric H. Erickson, both of USDA's PHILIP E. MARUCCI
Agricultural Research Service, in working with dis-Research Professor in Entomology
posable pollination units (DPUEs), found that light, Extension Specialist in Cranberries and Blueberries
Official Cooperative Weather Bureau Observer
or absence of light, was one of the more important
Oregon
physical stimuli to bee activity. Using DPUs is an DA E
experimental concept in crop pollination in which uAVIK
County Extension Agent
growers are provided with expendable bees in dis-Coquille, Oregon
posable packages that can be distributed throughout Washington
fields or orchards. AZMIY.SHAWA
AZMI Y. SHAWA
Assistant Horticulturist and
The scientists demonstrated that when light pene-Extension Agent in Horticulture
tration in the DPU's was lowered, bee mortality was Long Beach, Washington
reduced, drifting of bees decreased, and comb Wisconsin
building and nectar storage increased. In a room VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
with controlled environment containerized bees re-Eagle River, Wisconsin
sponded to increased light with increased activity
and also encountered increased mortality. ....... _ ___--
Majorin developingproblems the DPU concept CRANBERRIES is published once a month by Pilgrim
Major problems at R-55 (P.O. Box J) Kingston,
indevelopingthPublishers Summer Street
have been associated with type of container and Massachusetts. Second Class postage paid at Plymouth,
shipment. The new findings may help enlarge the Massachusetts Post Office.
scope of the bee industry. Price is 500 per copy, $5.00 a year in U.S., $6.00 in
Canada; all other countries $8.00 a year. Foreign remittances
-N E WS must equal U.S. funds.
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Agricultural Research Service
North Central Region
Copyright 1972 by Pilgrim Publishers
,,,,,,,,,, -,5
Mass.
Cranberry
Station
i Fiel Nots by IRVING E.OEMORANVILLE
extension cranberry specialist
Personals
Prof. William Tomlinson attended March since 1946 and the fourth inches total for the month which,
a meeting in Washington, D. C. on warmest in our records, surpassed strangely enough, is exactly the
March 27. This was a meeting called only by 1946, 1945 and 1936. same as in March 1972. The snow
by the USDA to obtain information Maximum temperature was 63 ° on occurred on the 22nd. This is less
°
on various agricultural uses of diel-the 16th and minimum 17 on the than 1/3 our average. Most bogs
drin. 1st. Warmer than average days oc-have had the water drawn for at
Club Meetings curred on the 4th, 8-9th, 11-14th, least a month and the vines look
16-17th, 19th, 24-26th, 31st. The good. The bud appears excellent at
The March series of cranberry only cooler than normal days were this time. Winterkill does not seem
club meetings were held in Kingston the 20-22nd and 27th. serious, more of a wind-burn and
on March 20, Rochester, March 21 there is little if any oxygen defiand
Barnstable, March 22. Prof. Precipitation totalled only 2.93 ciency. The season is definitely ad-
William Tomlinson discussed current inches which is nearly 2 inches be-vanced when compared to recent
insect recommendations. Mr. An-low normal. There were measurable years. Since 1964, we have been
drew Card, a commercial apiarist, amounts on 15 days with 0.93 cooperators in a phenology study at
presented an interesting talk on the inches on the 4th as the largest the Station where red persian lilacs
"Biology of the Honeybee." Dr. storm. We are 41½ inches below are used to determine the advance-
Robert Devlin presented a progress normal for the 3-month period and ment of the spring season, or "green
report on experimental herbicides. 53% inches behind 1972 for the wave" as it is sometimes called.
Dr. Bert Zuckerman spoke about same time. Snowfall was only 2.0 Continued on Page 15"Problems Involved with Fungicides."
Prof. Stan Norton showed a
motion picture of his experimental
dry harvest machine. The author
presented reports on long term %tin nb r 3Iuuiflaub
morcran trials and some fertilizer a ebk oo
experiments. DIV. NORTH CARVER PINE CORP.
The clubs elected officers for the 52 FULLER STREET
new season. The South Shore Club MIDDLEBORO, MASS. 02346
re-elected Wilfred Galletti, president,
Ashley Holmes, vice-president
and Bob Alberghini, secretary-treas-
urer. The Southeastern Club elected SOUHER NEW ENGLAND'S
Doug Beaton, president, Clark Grif-MOST MODERN SAW MILL
fith, vice-president and Ken Ash-
burn, secretary-treasurer. The Cape Purchasing white pine timber standing or cut
Cod Club re-elected Neal Ames, logs.
president, James Jenkins, vice-president,
Mrs. Crawford Hollidge, secre-Call us, and we'll be glad to talk it over with
tary and Victor Adams, treasurer. you.
Weather Mill location Route 44, Middleboro-Carver
March averaged 5.8 degrees a day Town Line.
above normal to finish off a very
mild winter. December was much Willard A. Rhodes MAIN OFFICE 947-1503
above normal, January slightly President Off. Hours 8:30 A.M. -2:30 P.M.
above and February just about
normal. This was the warmest _
_1
CRANBERRIES SHIPPED
BY NEW METHOD
A new way of rushing West
A new way of rushing West
Coast cranberries to Midwest points
for blending and national distribu-
tion was announced by officials of
Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. and
Burlington Northern.
Quick-frozen cranberries are
pneumatically blown into specially-
equipped refrigerator cars and
sucked out at their destination by
giant vacuums.
The first 100,000-lb. refrigerated
carload of cranberries, in what may
amount to shipment of some 4
million pounds from Eugene Freez-
ing, Eugene, in the next few months
was scheduled to arrive late in
April at Ocean Spray's Kenosha,
Wis., plant.
Gary Gustafson, Burlington Nor-
ther's marketing specialist in Eu-
gene, calls the new concept "the
cran...brrr...y shuffle, move
c bran.e.lm. a cool
in imaginative marketing.
Berries from bogs in Oregon,
WBerrie,
New Jersey and NewEngland states
each have distinctive characteristics.
Color is most important, as richness
of natural color has high consumer
appeal on the grocer's shelfh
By bl b fm d-
g s
By blending berries from dif
ferent sources, Ocean Spray achieves
the most appealing color balance.
This requires added shipping from
distant points across the nation.
a the
"Just a few years ago, the major
use of cranberries was for relishes,
jelly and whole cooked fruit, tra-
ditionally served with turkey and
other birds at seasonal occasions
like Thanksgiving and Christmas,"
says Ocean Spray's traffic manager
John' R. Pascoe, Hanson, Mass.
"Today's market covers the full
year," he said, "because cranberry
lovers have discovered the fruit,
jellies, mixed-juices and other prod-
ucts complement breakfast, lunch
and dinner any day of the year."
It was thus, that about five
agoICE business
years ago the cranberry
shifted much of its volume to fast-
frozen storage and year-around ship-
ping. ars_
The perishable berries require
continuous refrigeration at about
minus 10 degrees, and until now,
the only way they could be moved
in refrigerated rail cars in the frozen
state was to use bins each holding
several hundred pounds of berries.
The bins provided space for cold
air circulation throughout the
freight cars and keep the berries
from plugging up cold air outlets
and return ducts.
Couture said the new concept
eliminates the bins, which previously
had to be shipped back to origin
nts poi
points, speeds up loading and unloading,
and saves rail-car time
through better utilization.
"Any way you look at it," he
says, "the new technique means a
better and more economical way
to satisfy consumer tastes through
innovative marketing, transportation
and distribution. We're now
suckedgoutiat their11es.-nacum concept at Bur-
Handling the many bulky bins bstudying the same
at loading and unloading points
seemed a bit inefficient and costly
to Ocean Spray's traffic men and
engineers, so they pursued the idea
of a screen lining for the refrigerator
cars as a possible means for handling
the bullet-hard frozen berries in
bulk.
"The idea was a good one," says
LeRoy Couture, BN's manager of
commodity marketing for frozen
foodsby at St. Paul,p~ulMMinn., "but it
^od~atl
was a bit too costly a way of keep-
ing berries out of the air ducts."
Couture reasoned that once fro-
zen, the berries would keep their
cool, if only exterior parts of the
load at the top, sides and bottom
of the cars could be kept at the
sharp-freeze level. He suggested use
of a simple cardboard liner, and it
worked.
Ocean Spray developed a pneu-
matic system for blowing berries
into the cars and a vacuum system
for unloading and BN, with its
f uldgnB wt s
Western Fruit Express subsidiary,
worked out refrigerator car me-
chanical details and rail service
arrangements.
FOR SALE
RIDING WATER REEL
5' PICKING HEAD
Perfect for smaller grower
erowr
Used one season
1years -$650
TEL 617-934-6076
e
lington Northern in our marketing
planning division for rail shipment
of other frozen food products."
-Oregon Journal
OCEAN SPRAY EXPLAINS
MARKETING PROBLEMS
Facts and figures of interest to
cranberry growers were presented
to them during a growers meeting
from the head office of
by officials from the head office of
Ocean Spray Cranberres, Inc., in
Hanson, Mass.
Meeting with the Ocean Spray
growers were Harold Thorkilsen,
president and chief executive officer;
Endre Endresen, vice president
of operations; John Connally,
vice president in charge of marketing;
Gilbert T. Beaton, director of
grower services; all of Hanson, and
Robert C. Lucas, West Coast area
manager from Markham, Wash.
Marketing Order
Beaton spoke on the Federal
Marketing Order which was putMarketing Order which was put
to effect by the cranberry industry
five years to help keep the
production of berries in line with
Terms of the allotment program,
which will govern the 1974 crop,
were presented to the growers,
although they have not yet been
approved and will require a later
vote.
At the time the Federal Marketing
Order for cranberry production
was put into effect five years ago,
the industry put a halt on the
planting of new bogs.
The quota of cranberries that
each grower will be allowed to
produce-which will be known as
his base quantity-will be figured
on the basis of the average number
of berries in his two best crop years
from the period 1968-1973, divided
fby thperiodwo 196-
A percentage of the grower's
quota that equals anticipated sales
will be allocated to each, and he
will be paid for his alloted per-
centage, and the remainder of the
berries will be disposed of.
Beaton explained to the growers
that Ocean Spray is seeking to be
the handler to dispose of the extra
berries instead of the individual
growers.
Materials
~c ~~~ost of
Cost of Materials
In a talk concerning the market-
ing of berries, Endresen cited dra-
matic increases in the cost of
production, referring to the high
cost of materials such as labels,
bottles, sugar, caps, etc.
He told the growers that the
cost of the glass bottles alone
amounted to over $11,000,000
annually.
"And now with the elimination
ofPhae 3, the will be anntici-
of Phase there an antici
pated increase in the cost each
year, the amounts of which will be
unpredictable," explained a spokes-
man.
Endresen explained that out of
every sales dollar, 52.9% goes for
the cost of manufacturing.
At present the grower realizes
27¢ out of every sales dollar, but
the Ocean Spray officials explained
that a goal of management is to
raise that percentage so that 30¢ of
every dollar will be distributed to
the growers. He explained that they
hope to cut the costs of manufac-
turing down to 50¢, with 20¢ to go
for advertising and administration,
th ote _10
and the other 30o to the grower.
Marketing Procedure
Ocean Spray's new marketing
specialist, John Connelly, gave a
detailed presentation regarding mar-
keting procedure for the spring and
summer campaign, which includes
slides, previews of TV commercials,
magazine illustrations and a break-
..
downcategrdng anticipated sales
He also reviewed findings of
recent research regarding house-
wives' reaction to Ocean Spray
* ~GASO~LINE GA
~PROnPAMNEA
*f GASOLINE · PROPANE GAS
* MOTOR OILS * BULK and CYLINDER
· LUBRICANTS GAS SERVICE
* KEROSENE · PROPANE CARBURETION
* SOLVENT INSTALLED -SERVICED
* FUEL OILS
kingston
62 Main Street Hi)
Kingston Area Code 61 7
iMassachusetts 585-6511
02364 1 3
^ | l Telephone:T
OilandgaS
li N Co p F 0 I^ E D
P~~i
I!s~
products, including several new
products.
hne in hiloso
Thorkilsen spoke on a change in
the philosophy regarding new products.
He favors concentrating on
established products that still do
"not have their share of the market."
He felt Ocean Spray should
maximize efforts on products with
a greater return, and play down
efforts on bringing new products
into the market place.
both x e d sow to bring
new product onto the m tk bri.Th
tiefor thstype of ivestment
time for this type of investment
spending will have to be when
growers are assured of a return per
barrel that will establish to them a
fair return for their time and money
invested," he explained.
H
He then went into detail as to how
he ee to ase th t
per barrel each year by reasonable
increases in sales, by holding the
costs down in the purchasing department
and lowering the ratio of
production costs,thereby increasing
the ratio of return per barrel.
Growers were paid $10.86 perbarrel for the 1970-71 crop, $11.10
for last year's crop, and the anticipi
pated figure for this year's crop is
$12.64.
1
I
C. CLIFFORD GEORGE
Funeral services were held in the
Bandon Chapel for C. Clifford
George, 67, a longtime resident of
Bandon, Oregon who died March 31.
A-resident of Croft Lake Road,
Mr. George was born Aug. 6, 1905
in Staunton, Ill.
Mr. George came to Bandon in
1958 where he and his sons owned
and operated the Bandon Food
Center (now Buck's Sentry Market).
He and his wife, Doris, also own
the Econo Wash Laundromat in
Bandon as well as their own cran
berry bogs.
_
FA=mBUREII7
F
__.
At long last! Governor Sargent
has filed enabling legislation on use-
value assessment of agricultural and
horticultural lands in Massachusetts.
Hearings will be scheduled shortly,
and your Farm Bureau will go all out
to obtain passage of this vital bill.
Many farmers realize how im-
portant this effort will be, and have
already responded to MFBF Presi-
dent Dave Mann's letter. Some
farmers stepped up with substan-
tially more money, thus indicating
their strong support for Farm Bu-
reau's tireless efforts to keep farm-
ing alive in Massachusetts.
FarmBureau is you . .and can
succeed only if you accept your fair
share of the responsibility. We have
worked too long and too hard to
lose this fight at this critical point.
PLEASE! We ask you to write your
check today, and be a part of this
massive farmers struggle for survival.
Gonna sit right down and write
my Congressman a letter. About the
so-called Muskie-Baker amendment
to the Highway Trust fund, which
was passed by the Senate, and will
be before the House in Washington
very soon. This amendment will
make about one billion dollars avail-
able for states and cities to divert
(if they wish) to mass transit sys-
tems. Your Congressman will ap-
preciate a brief note from you,
stating your views on whether
money collected from highway users
should be diverted to mass transit
The Highway Trust Fund was es-
tablished to assure the public of
adequate, safe highways. It seems
to us that this is a valid purpose,
and the integrity of this Fund
should be preserved. Agree? Write
your Congressman.
Farm Bureau Day at the State
House in Boston was a big success.
Over 150 members came to Gard-
^»>»_ »<^,MIM ,~Springfield
CRANBERRY GROWERS SERVICE, INC.
Little Harbor Road, Wareham, Mass. 02571
Ken Beaton -295-2207
The CrisafulliPump
• DRAINAGE ON PESTICIDE
TREATED ACREAGE
*BOG FLOW & DRAINAGE
*WATERHOLE CONST.
*WATERHOLE FILLING
WATER HARVEST
FLUME REPAIR
*AUXILIARY UNIT
The Crisafulli is the new pump
for drainage or irrigation. The
or
pump unit can be hitched to
a farm tractor or any other
vehicle with power take-off.
Butyl rubber discharge, 2" to
24". 150 to 24,000 gallons
per minute.
Service
Specializing in:
*DITCHING
COMPLETEBOG
MANAGEMENT
SANDING
*HARVESTING
(Wet and Dry)
*NETING
*WEED CLIPPING
ner Auditorium from all over the
state, and heard a comment on the
farmland assessment act from Environmental
Affairs Secretary Chas.
Foster, a thorough briefing on the
important features from Christopher
Sykes of Ashburnham, remarks by
Senator Roger Bernashe, Representative
Steve Chmura and MFBF
President Dave Mann, and a rundown
on legislation by Executive
Secretary Phil Good.
Bee Hesfor pollination services
ae available. Contact Mr. Edwin
Bck at Edwin A. Buck Apiary,
Ridge Road, Rutland, Massachu
setts 01543. Phone (617) 886-4483.
Immediate opening for man in
grower-greenhouse operation, lo
cated in Cohasset, Mass. Year-round
position, five greenhouses on the
property. A small house with two
bedrooms is available for man, wife
and one or two children. Contact
Mr. Robert Davenport, 163 Sohier
Street, Cohasset, Massachusetts.
College Sophomore
has written to the state Farm Bu
reau office, looking for an oppor
tunity to live and work on a farm in
Massachusetts this summer. He is
short on experience, but says he
wants to work outdoors, and is wil
ling to learn. He resides in Worcester
and will be ready to work early in
June. He also says he'll provide
references. If you're interested,
please contact Jeffrey R. Silkman
at 207 Lakeside Hall, Springfield
College, Springfield, Mass. 01109.
His mail box number is 877.
Another, big success is reported
from FLAME Manager George Han
son on this year's Used Farm Machinery
Sale. He tells us it was the
"biggest ever" and attracted huge
crowds. This has grown into one of
agriculture's most popular events,
thanks to the efforts of all the
FLAME people involved.
Continued on Page 12
A SHOWER CAKE . . . ForFrosting
A WEDDING CAKE . .. 1cup butter or margarine
A PARTY CAKE 2 pounds confectioners' sugar
i
Name your celebration and serve About 1/3 cup milk
up this very special party cake. For Red food coloring
this is not just an ordinary cake!
It has tangy cranberry-orange relish
as one of the ingredients to give it Cream shortening and gradually
a delightful color and a just-right beat in sugar. Beat in eggs, one at
flavor. Candied fruits and nuts add a time; add milk; then beat in
their bit to make it a really festive flour, baking powder and salt. Beat
cake. with an electric mixer until smooth.
Fold in ½h cup of the relish, nuts
and fruits. Pour batter into two
A TRADITIONAL 10-inch layer cake pans and two
WEDDING CAKE 7-inch layer cake pans which have
(Makes 2 10-inch layers and been greased and floured. Bake in
2 7-inch layers) a preheated 325 F oven for I hour
1 1/3 cup vegetable shortening for 10-inch layers and 40 minutes
3 cups granulated sugar for 7-inch layers. Unmold layers
6 eggs and cool on a rack. Put layers
2cups milk . together with remaining cranberry5
cups sifted regular all-purpose orange relish, stacking two 10-inch
flour layers with two 7-inch layers on
4 teaspoons baking powder top. Cream butter until soft and
1 teaspoon salt fluffy. Gradually beat in corifec-
1jar (14 ounces) cranberry-orange tioners' sugar, mixture will be
relish crumbly. Gradually add milk and
1/2 cup chopped nuts beat until smooth. Add vanilla
1/2 cup chopped mixed candied extract, if desired. Tint frosting pink
fruits with red food coloring. Spread
fruits·~ with red food coloring,
I»».~~~~1~~~ ,, -r»»
nber ra~ n y
cra1b e rr~ al
1*rA3A
IV
VflUff~~~~f~ 9 V
gr w ers :S
For just $2.50 per acre plus cost of materials applied, I am
available for the custom application of insecticides and fungi-
cides through your sprinkler systems. Compare these features:
. y te i . s
f Comr
1. No extra charge for fungicide applications when com-
bined.bi nd.
2. No waiting for fog to lift-also can work in the dark of
night if necessary.
3. Spray is released near the crop for the most effective
results.
4. No need to worry about added health insurance of em-
ployees.
5. No disposal problems of empty poison containers.
6. Consideration given to large acreage.
7. All billing done in September.
I am licensed by the Department of Public Health for this serv-
ice. Call BOB ALBERGHINI, Wareham, Mass., at 295-9092 or
if no answer call Jack Morey's Cabinet Shop, Plymouth, at
|I 746-2734. gE*
['==s^^==^^====^=====5=s==746=============L-2
frosting on top and sides ofcake.
If desired decorate cake with small
jelly beans and surround cake with
tiny rose buds. Place a small bouke.
o
TRADITIONAL WEDDING CAKE
TRADITIONAL WEDDING CAKE
(Makes 2 10-inch layers and
2 7-inch layers)
3 packages (17 ounces each)
pound cake mix
6 eggs
2 cups milk
1jar(14 ounces) cranberry-orange
~~~relish
1/2 cup chopped nuts
1/2 cup chopped candied mixed
fruits
cans (161/2 ounces each) vanilla
frosting
Red food coloring
Combine pound cake mix, eggs
and milk. Beat with an electric
mixer until smooth. Fold in / cup
of the relish, nuts and fruits. Pour
batter into greased and floured
pans-two 10-inch layer cake pans
and two 7-inch layer cake pans.
Bake in a preheated 3250 F oven
for 1 hour for 10-inch layers and
40 minutes for 7-inch layers. Unmold
layers and cool on a rack.
Put layers together with remaining
cranberry-orange relish, stacking two
10-inch layers with two 7-inch
layers on top. Tint frosting pink
with red food coloring. Spread
frosting on top and sides of cake.
If desired, decorate cake with small
jelly beans and surround cake with
tiny rose buds. Place a small bouquet
of rose buds ontop of the cake.
SMALL FRUIT CULTURE, 3rd ED. INTRODUCTION TO
By JAMES S. SHOEMAKER, Univ. of Fla. AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
433 pages, 6 x 9, 64 illus., $10.50 By H. F. MCCOLLY, Mich. State Univ.
Covers the culture of grapes, strawberries, bramble-fruits, cur-
rants and gooseberries, blueberries, and cranberries. The author
discusses culture problems for each region. Everything you need
to know is included for each type of fruit: brief history, list and
description of leading varieties, propagation methods, and all
other cultural instructions. This comprehensive guide also gives
you valuable instructions and suggestions for harvesting and
handling your crop. Throughout, the author emphasizes the
practical applications of digging, planting, spraying, and other
field work.
NATURE AND PREVENTION
OF PLANT DISEASES, 2nd ED.
By K.STARR CHESTER, Alton Box BoardCo.
525 pages, 224 illus., $11.50
This useful guide presents a thorough study of plant diseases
oriented to the needs of agriculture. Extensive revisions of seed
treatment and spraying and dusting of fruits and vegetables are
included in this second edition. You'll also find complete cover-
age of 'the latest developments in disease control practices,
including the slurry, pelleting, and vapor-heat methods of seed
treatment. You'll also review the latest advances in non-metallic
organic fungicides, and innovations in methods of spraying and
dusting.
PLANT PATHOLOGY, 2d ED.
and J. W. MARTIN, Univ. of Idaho
553 pages, 6 x 9, 335 illu., $9.50
Explains the importance of engineering in agriculture and the
relationship of agricultural engineering to agricultural science.
Both the fundamentals and the practical aspects of these topics
are fully treated. The contents of this volume include Agricul
tural Mechanics ... Farm Power ... Fam Machinery...Processing
Agricultural Products ... Farm Structures and Conveniences
... Farm-buildings Investment and Economics . . . Soil-and
Water-conservation Engineering... Soil Erosion Control...and
many other vital topics.
IRRIGATED SOILS, 2nd ED.
Their Fertility and Management
By D. W. THORNE and H. B. PETERSON
Both of Utah State Agr. College
392 pages 78 illus. 64 tables $9.50
Here is an outstanding text which pioneered in presenting
irrigation in relation to other soil management practices. Since
the publication of the first edition, research has shown that
maximum yields from irrigation are dependent on the proper
balance of such factors as fertility, plant population, plant
characteristics, and crop rotations. Just a sample of the contents
of this guide, includes the salt problem, measuring irrigation
water, maintaining organic matter, fertilizer elerhents, sources
PLANTEDo. and quality of irrigation water.
PATHOLOGY,2nd
By JOHN C. WALIER, Univ. of Wis.
707 pages, 6 x 9, 194 illus., $13.50
Here is a basic introduction to the field of plant pathology
written by an authority in the field. Its contents include a history
of plant pathology, nonparasitic diseases ... bacterial diseases. .
virus diseases... relation of environment to disease development
disease control through exclusion and eradication... diseases
incited by phycomycetes, fungi imperfecti, asomycetes, basidio-
...
mycetes, phanerogamic parasites, nematodes, plasmodiophorales
.. disease control through protection and through host resist-
ance. Special coverage of causal organisms of fungus diseases is
provided,
Agricultural IEngin ering
Agricultural Engineering
Agronomy ..
Horticulture
Plant Pathology
DISEASES OF FRUIT CROPS
By HARRY WARREN ANDERSON
Formerly of Univ. of Illinois
501 pages, 6 x 9, $13.75
For research workers, teachers, and practicing horticulturists,
this book provides detailed information on the diseases of
cultivated fruit crops in the temperate zone, both in America
and in foreign countries, with the exception of citrus and sub
tropical fruits. For each disease the history, geographic distri
bution, symptoms, causal organism, hosts, morphology of the
pathogen, disease cycle, and control, and selected reference
sources are given. Diseases are presented in the order of their
-l lNIEMI ELECTRIC CO.
Wareham, Mass.
Electrical Contracting-295-1880
Insure against electrical failures
by obtaining proper design and
installation of your electrical
equipment and requirements.
ROBERT NIEMI
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
OrderFrom
Free Estimates
CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE
P.O. Box J, Kingston, Mass.
02364 11
O NT RO CRANBRRY
CONTROL CRANBERRY
INSECTS
·
NOT POLLINATORS
By William E. Tomlinson, Jr.
______~By__William_~E.To_~i
_ns
_tion.
peak of bloom set their optimum
crop and continuing the exposure
until the close of bloom does not
appreciably increase the set.
This forms the basis for the
It has been well documented by
several investigators that cranberry
flowers are pollinated almost ex-
clusively by bees. Wild bees, par-
ticularly bumblebees are important
natural pollinators of cranberries.
Their numbers, however, vary lo-
cally and from year to year due to
uncontrollable factors so that many
growers have found it good in-
surance to keep or rent honeybees
for optimum pollination.
Whether honeybees are used for
pollination or dependence is placed
in naturally occurring populations
of wild bee pollinators it benefits
cranberry growers to conduct their
pest control operations in a manner
least harmful to these pollinators.
leastharmfultothesepollinators.
To stress this fact, since 1956
the Massachusetts cranberry insect
charts have cautioned against ap-
plying insecticides during bloom.
With proper attention to insect
conditions on the bog this can usu-
ally be accomplished with the spring
insects because they all occur and
should be controlled before bloom
for the least crop injury.
Unfortunately the same is not
true with cranberry fruitworm and
summer brood Sparganothis fruit-
worm. The prolonged period that
an individual cranberry bog is in
bloom (approximately a month)
means that early opening blossoms
have set fruit before the last1loom
is even open. It is in this late
bloom period that the conflict between
insect control and pollinators
most frequently occurs because it
is also during this late bloom period
that cranberry and Sparganothis
fruitworm flight and egg laying
activity is at its peak.
It is neither wise nor necessary
to wait for the complete cessation
of bloomto apply control measures
of bloom to control measures
for these fruitworms. Cage tests by
Marucci in New Jersey showed that
vines exposed to pollinators in suitable
weather for a week during the_
'12
recommendation that growers de-
pending on aircraft applied fruit-
worm sprays delay the first application
until a week or 10 days after
mid-bloom. Beekeepers should be
notified of the intended spray in
ample time to remove their hives
from the bog area before the sprays
are applied. The last remaining
bloom would make few marketable
berries anyway, and removal ofthe
hives may well mean the difference
between colonies that survive the
winter and ones that won't.
For growers using sprinklers to
apply their insecticides it is not
necessary to remove the bees from
the bog area if spray applications
are made in t eveinfterbee
activity on the bog has ceased for
the night. Often the evening is also
the best time of day to make
applications because there is less air
movement then. Before dawn the
modern fast acting insecticides will
have accomplished their mission.
Therefore, before bee activity starts
again on the bog the sprinklers
onould be turned on and run for an
hour or more to dilute and also
t '_
R F M^RSE
F
wash the insecticides from the
leaves and blossoms. If the bog is
in need of moisture all the better.
Run the sprinklers long enough to
give the desired amount of irriga-
As long as the bog is soaking
wet or being sprinkld bees will
With these two alternatives cranberry
growers should be able to
produce large crops of cranberries
and allow the beekeepers to rent
bees to them without suffering the
excessive bee kill and consequent
weakening of hives that has sometimes
occurred in the past when
sprays were applied with little regard
to pollinators.
MASS. FARM BUREAU
Contidfm 9
ContinuedfromPage 9
The sudden and tragic death of
Charles Llewellyn, President of the
Farm Bureau Association, has stunned
farm people all across the state.
Charles Llewellyn, the dairyman
from Northfield, was a man of great
heart who gave so unselfishly of
himself to help his fellow farmers.
Those of us who knew him will miss
his gentle manner.
S N, I NC
nc
Serving Agrkulture
Helicopter Application Cranberry Highway
Division West Wareham, Mass.
CHEMAPCO, INC. 2951553
_._._
There are exemptions to the ban must also have a fire permit from Air Pollution Control in your area.
on open burning in Massachusetts. your local Fire Department. BE HERE'S WHERE TO CALL:
These exemptions which permit SURE TO CONTACT YOUR LO-Metro Boston area (Suffolk, Nor-
open burning for agricultural pur-CAL FIRE DEPARTMENT. Show folk, Middlesex, parts of Essex and
poses, are contained in sections them your permission, and request Plymouth)-(617)727-5194 inBos
7.2.5, 7.2.6, 7.2.7 and 7.2.8 of the a fire permit, for every day you ton.
Air Pollution regulations. They are plan to burn. Some farmers have
i PinBUT AND THIS mistakenly assumed they could go Southeastern (Plymouth, Bristol,
quite specific. BUT . . AND S ahead and burn tree prunings (for Cape)-(617) 947-1060 in Middle-
IS IMPORTANT . . . you MUST example) without permission from boro.
have either verbal or written per-anybody. THIS IS WRONG-YOU Central (Worcester)-(617) 791mission
from the Division of En-MUST HAVE PERMISSION TO 8151 in Worcester.
vironmental Health, which stipu-
lates that your open burning is in BURN, AND FROM TWO (2) Merrimac Valley (Middlesex and
fact agricultural. THIS PERMIS-SOURCES: Environmental Health Essex) 727-4610 in Boston or 851
PERMIS-tn o 851
SION MUST BE REQUESTED BY and your local Fire Department. 7261 in Lawrence
YOURSELF. Now, once you have TO OBTAIN PERMISSION from Pioneer Valley (Franklin, Hamppermission
to burn from the En-the Environmental Health Division, shire, Hampden)-(413) 785-5327
vironmental Health people, you you should contact the Director of in Springfield.
, ..
"'
Producers of
SAND -GRAVEL -CRUSHED STONE
For Sand and Service that Satisfy... Call
PLYMPTON PLYMOUTH BRIDGEWATER BOSTON
585-3355 746-6107 697-2288 361-3050
The newest and most modern plants serving South Shore and Cape Cod.
l
TRAPS KEEP BEES
Courtesy Oregon'sArgiculturalProgress *. 1
and Oregon State University.
Honeybees, too, hive a sweet
tooth.
They are drawn to plants with a
high-sugar nectar source and easy to
obtain pollen while neglecting less
attractive crops. The result is inef-
ficient pollination and lower fruit
or seed yields for the less desirable
crops such as red clover, cranberries
and blueberries. This means bees
are worth less to the grower, lim-
iting what beekeepers can earn
through pollination contracts-aa
source of much of their income.
Pollen collection increased
Attempts to increase honeybee
pollen collecting efficiency resun-
derway by OSU entomologist W.
P. Stephen. He believes limiting the
amount of pollen taken intto a hive
ated by lack ofpollen enteringathe
will stimulate collecting and
is using pollen traps-fine-meshed
tscreens overneededthe hthreplen
scrape pollen from the bee legs as
they pass through the screen to
enter the hive-to test this concept.
tUse of pollen traps increased
pollen collection in red clover as
much as 300 percent over a five-day
period. Bees reacting to stress cre-
Theresearchwith
pollen traps
ated by lack of pollen entering the
hive, also went the shortest distances
to get the needed pollen and sought
fit from plants they would normally
maksmost jy
bypas14
.conditions
The research with pollen traps,
in its third year, still has many ques-
tions to answer. Effect of the traps
on crops other than red clover and
their effect on the bee colony itself
are being determined. Stephen sus-
pects there is a criticalpointbeyond
critical point beyond
which a shortage of pollen-used as
food. for worker bees, larvae and to
make royal jelly for feeding future
o p f
that often frtCaptivebumblebees
oIf
than
the colony.
Bumblebee rearing tried
OSU entomologists are trying to
domesticate the bumblebee as an-
other approachto improving pollin-
ation efficiency The bumblebee-
bigger and stronger than the honey-
bee-can obtain pollen from sources
However, because the queen
that often frustrate the honeybee's
pollen-collecting attempts For crops
such as red clover, cranberries and
blueberries the bumblebee is the
efficient pollinatorrl
However, because the queen
bumblebee is the only one to survive
the winter and quits reproducing as
soon as another queen-which will
not be productive until the next
year-emerges in her colony, a bum-
blebee colony makes it impractical
to domesticate and utilize the bum-
blebee in the same manner as the
honeybee.
'
o
construct a colony.
the sex life of the queen bee
could be changed to keep her producing
regardless of the presence of
new, younger queens, colonies of
1,c000 to 1,500 bees could be pro-
making it feasible to mainain
hives for pollinating certain
crops. By controlling feeding, the
entomologists have been able to
prevent new queens from developoed,
ing in laboratory colonies and have
successfully kept the original queen
producing to increase colony size to
more than 000 bees. But methods
for applying this concept to field
have not yet been devel
oped.
Bees bring dollars
Bees bring dollars
In addition to their importance
to growers in making possible good
crop yields, about 40,000 honeybee
colonies are registered in Oregon
and represent a source of income
for a few full-time and many part-
time apiarists. A full-time beekeeper
may manage as many as 1,500 col-
onies, whereas most part-time bee-
keepers maintain fewer than 50
colonies. Most apiarists live in the
Willamette Valley, Medford area and
Malheur and Umatilla counties.
In Oregon, up to 70 percent of
some beekeepers' incomes is derived
from pollination contracts, rather
than honey sales. Successful at-
tempts to increase the pollination
efficiency of bees should mean that
the apiarist can boost this earnings
through pollination contracts.
bA fine-meshed screen
dual-type pesticides to extremely
toxic organo-phosphates that have
no residual effect is causing numer-
ous poisoning problems.
Many of the crops that depend
on bee pollinators are low in cash
value, requiring the grower to go to
the cheapest pesticides-ones usually
most detrimental to the bees.
Stephen does not see an immediate
answer to the pesticide problem.
If a solution is not found, it
may mean the end of bees, beekeeping
and certain crops for Oregon.
-M ass. Cranberry Station &Field Notes
This is our earliest record of "first
leaf" by nearly 3 weeks over any
other year of observation. Thank
goodness the terminal buds of cran-
berry are not that far advanced.
Preliminary Keeping Quality
traeriment Forecastsoreepin calist
Weather factors which to April 1,
1973 influence the quality of this
the quality of t
poll influence
year's Massachusetts cranberry crop,
show 6 points of. a possible 10 in
favor of good quality. At this time,
therefore our forecast is for very
good to excellent keeping quality
this year. Growers should consider
the following in deciding whether
or not to use fungicides: (1)waterharvesting
had led to heavier vine-
growth where rot-producing organisms
are often active, (2) this is the
last year for qualifying for base
quantity, (3) fungicide treatments
provide cumulative rot control, and
perhaps it's unwise to break the annual
sequence of fungicide applica
tion, and (4) since last year's fore
cast was "poor" and the crop was
"very good," it may be that these
forecasts have less value under mod
em cultural practices.
Frost Warning Service
The frost warning answering serv-in the past. The following radio
ice at the Cranberry Experiment stations are again carrying the frost
Station will soon be in operation messages:
with the same telephone number as
Station Place A.M. F.M.
WCOD Hyannis 106.1 mg.
WEEI Boston 590 k. 103.3 mg.
Afternoon Evening
2:00 9:00
2:00 9:00
2:30 9:00
FROST:A
R OS
the he ntrncescrpeWBZ Boston 1030 k. 92.9 mg.
rapes25
over the hive entrancePRECISE-
selection to 3F .
... EISEswi..yell ction
~~~~~~~~~~reenter.-
*DNACCURATE-s0.5 F dag
FAST-rapidcadjustMeNtscalib..rationto tempeiaturets-nrequired-
reliaiBord
change-flashing colored signals visible
over half-mile.
red-danger
adjustments or caliDbration required-BT
The pole i
sisahokpisrtbyelleow-
caught on a tray below the screen. ]
bright for thebekeepr-orhis4complete C7operationalself test1 -
caugt on a tray below the sreensi-.
15
" 'l444¢'4
'444.44 4 .4444li-rain to some areas and caused severe 2. Peter Nesbitt, Rt. 1, Box 381,
flooding along northeastern rivers Moorehead Rd., Fort Dick, Crescent
like the Wolf and Embarrass. The City, Calif. 95531.
.--. ..........
A little sprinklike weather ppre-
vailed across Wisconsin during the
first two weeks of March as tem-
peratures continued to average well
above their seasonal normals. Light
rain fell in many areas from the 2nd
through the 5th. Late on the 6th
and 7th very heavy thunderstorm
rains moved northeastward across
the State bringing 2 to 3 inch rain-
fall amounts to many stations. Pine
River in Waushara County reported
3.16 inches. Madison with 2.52,
3.16 inches. Madison with 2.52,
Bowler with 2.50 and Antigo with
2.30 were not far behind. Only
light rains fell in the extreme north-
west and along the Lake Michigan
shores.
shores.
The heavy rains of March 6-7
repeated themselves in many areas
on the 10th-llth and again on the
13th-14th. These three heavy rains
brought a total of 3 to 5 inches of
Cranberry
Wisconsin and Mississippi Rivers 3. Clinton E. Plane, 1471 Hathorne
^were likewise overflowing their
were likewise overflowing their St., Chico, Calif. 95926.
banks with the former being the
highest since 1938 at many points4. Walter Vail, 4624 Glen Echo
The nearly 5 inches of rain so far in
March at Madison broke the old
March record set in 1882. Since
March 17th the weather has been
mild and dry and river levels are
now receding and topsoil moisture
is evaporating or moving down.
Temperatures during the past two
weeks have averaged 8 to 12 degrees
above normal. Warm upper 60's or
low 70's occurred in the south on
March 14.
.4+-»4.++++++-4+ 44.-,+++4a.4.
B A
i U
Beekeepers who have indicated
an interest in furnishing rental hives
for cranberry pollination this year
are as follows:
1. Elvin E. Burns, 5300 Upper River
Rd., Grants Pass, Oregon 97526.
Growers
Way, Central Point, Ore. 97501.
Each of the above beekeepers
maintains a large number of hives
and could bring at least 150 to the
Bandon area. Mr. Plane has offered
to rent his hives at eight dollars per
hive for the period from June 1 to
July 17, if what he calls a 'pollination
contract' is signed. Mr. Nesbitt
is asking nine dollars per hive for
the bog pollination season and Mr.
Burns and Mr. Vail will also charge
nine dollars per hive for the season.
Cranberry growers should write
to the beekeeper of their choice
for more information.
LEGISLATIVE REPORT
By David Keir
County Extension Agent
SB 106-dealing with pesticide
regulation and creation of restricted
areas. This bill has already been apby
the Oregon senate with
amendments. It is presently in the
House agriculture and natural resources
committee where it is going
through a series of hearings. The
latest hearing was held on May 1.
This bill is expected to be passed
and signed into law by the end of
the legislative session.
SB 107-dealing with setting up
countywide and mandatory weed
control districts. This bill has been
tabled in committee and is consid
i~i D ReltV
Realty
Dealing EXCLUSIVELY in Massachusetts
cranberry acreage and upland. Listings
of buyers and sellers welcomed.
of sellersbuyerswelcproved
and
Tel. 295-9165
CRANBERRY ACREAGE AVAILABLE IN
THE TOWNS OF FALMOUTH, MARSTONS MILLS,
BOURNE, WAREHAM, &CARVER
DOUGLAS R. BEATON
2536 Cranberry HI-ighway
Wareham, Mass. 02571
M.RealBrokersEtateLicens#733
_\ _U..UUUOBBBBBPOOOOOBBBOBBU nnnmn
wered dead.
^ servin the WISCONSIN growers '
CRANBERRY VINES AG|W)
FOR SALE
ForDelivery in 1973 AGWAY COMPLETE BUILDING SERVICE
SEARLES, JUMBO, HOWES
McFARLIN......$300/ton GENERAL PURPOSE BUILDINGS AND
BEN LEARS..... 750/ton LIGHT COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
STEVENS ....... 1,000/ton
LeMUNYON...PILGRIMS ,000/ton AGWAY COMMERCIAL SALES
...... 2,000/ton
All prices F.O.B. Robert Broadbent, Sales Manager
Wisconsin LAKESIDE AVENUE
I will give a 10% discount LAKEVILLE, MASS. 02346
on any orders placed for Tel. 947-6324 -4372
vines next year.
0-0-0 Use Agway's Telmark Financing Service
Financing or Leasing
Interested in purchasing Wis-or
consin Cranberry Properties. Agway Erected Buildings
Vernon Goldsworthy WRITE OR CALL FOR INFORMATION AND PRICING
B.S. &M.S. ____
University of Wisconsin
Cranberry Consultant
Fees Reasonable M
Eagle River, Wis. 54521 entio
,~ 0 ~~D~"AnswertAcemente
!. .'" yoU Answer
WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR
CORRUGATPED
INSECTICIDES * FUNGICIDES
CULVERT PIPE HERBICIDES
and DUSTS * WETTABLE POWDERS * EMULSIONS
!FLOW GATES l| SEVIN * PARATHION * GUTHION
CAPTAN * FERBAM * COPPER SULFATE
Aluminum Galvenizcd
DITHANE M-22 (MANEB) * DIFOLATAN
Asphalt Coated II PRINCEP * MOR-CRAN · DIQUAT * 2,4-D
Felker Bros. Mfg. Co. Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co.
MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN P. O. BOX 584 MADISON, WISCONSIN 53701
Area 715 384-3121 Phone: Area Code 608-222-0624
How city slickers
pick cranberries.
Every year, millions of people who don't know a bog from a
back forty pick tons of cranberries and never get a blooper.
They do it the easy way. They just look for the Ocean Spray
label. On cans and bottles and jars.
Because to millions of people, Ocean Spray means cranberries.
In stores all over the country, they're picking more cranberries
than they ever picked before. In all shapes and forms and combinations.
They don't know as much about cranberries as cranberry
growers. But they know about Ocean Spray. And that's good
enough for them.
Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine -link page
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Massachusetts
New Jersey
Wisconsin
Oregon
CRANBERRIES
Washington
Canada THE NATIONAL CRANBERRY MAGAZINE
HOW OSHA AFFECTS YOU...
:-::: r: :::: _-_::: _~~i ::':.::i:-::i: i:-;-:i~~i-~iii~i:--i:
1
~. .
HONEY BEES . ... . .. 4
TRAPS KEEP BEES BUZZING . . . ~14
_
DIECITORY for
cranberrm growers
EQUIPMENT
"CRANBERRIES" HAYDEN
SEPARATOR
WAREHAM, MASS.
advertsing pays WAR"M
adverting Irrigation Systems
pays
BIG ilVldellds !PUMPS
SEPARATORS -BLOWERS
* ! o J1 I SDSCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT
DARLINGTON
PICKING MACHINES
Electricity -key to progress
In industry as well as the home, l : :: ::
electricity has been a vital key to
progress. It is now and will continue /OG aV
to be in the future, readily available
wherever and whenever it is needed. ) -
f' ' NEW BEDFORD GAS AND EDISON LIGHT COMPANY
['f -. •/\ ~ PLYMOUTH DIVISION \
'.A /PLYMOUTH, MASS. T
......_ ____ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ IThe
CHARLES W.HARRISj
The National Bank of Wareham Company
451 Old Somerset Avenue
Conveniently located for Cranberry Men North Dighton, Mass.
Phone 824-5607
AMES
Irrigation Systems
FUNDS ALWAYS AVAILABLE FOR SOUND LOANS Irrigatn
RAIN BIRD
Sprinklers
HALE -MAR LOW
COMPLETE BANKING SERVICE Pumps
Highest Quality Products
Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation with Satisfaction Guaranteed
How
OSHA( YOU
Here's a run-down of Occupational Safety and
Affec Health Act standards which apply to agricul
ture. More regulations are slated for 1973and
failure to comply means stiff penalties
Power to enforce the Occupa-
tional Safety and Health Act is in
the hands of the Secretary of Labor
and the new Occupational Safety
and Health Review Commission, a
quasi-judicial board of three mem-
bers appointed by the President.
The number of inspection offices
and officers around the country is
fast increasing, and normally em-
ployers will be given no warning of
inspections. Inspectors can inspect
all pertinent conditions on the
premises, including structures,
equipment, and materials; question
anyone privately; and require the
testimony of witnesses and the
production of evidence under oath.
An .inspection can also be re-
quested by an employee for a
violation of an existing standard
or for any condition that he feels
represents an imminent danger. If
the inspector agrees that a danger
exists that might cause serious
physical harm before it could be
eliminated through normal enforce-
ment procedures, he can recom-
mend that the Secretary seek a
restraining order from the U.S.
district court. If these channels fail,
the employee himself can bring a
mandamus action in district court
to compel the Secretary to act.
Under normal enforcement pro-
cedures, however, every citation
carries with it a "reasonable" time
limit for correction, although the
citation itself must be immediately
posted in a prominent place. If the
violation is not corrected within
the prescribed period, a penalty
will be assessed.
Thesepenalties are mostly mone-
tary and can run up to $10,000
for each violation, so don't treat
OSHA lightly. Serious violations,
those which involve a "substantial
probability" of death or serious
physical injury, incur mandatory
penalties of up to $1,000, and the
same amount may be assessed for
non-serious violations. If an em-
ployer fails to correct a violation
_HW~ &a_
(Wisconsin-Michigan Growers)
ALUMINUM HEADGATES FABRICATED
TO YOU.R SPECIFICATIONS
HAND WHEEL OPERATED GATES
ALUMINUM CORRUGATED PIPE
INTERNATIONAL POWER UNITS
INTERNATIONAL CRAWLER TRACTORS
WARNER & SWASEY EXCAVATORS
WALDON LOADERS AND USED EQUIPMENT
Eau Claire, Wis. Escanaba, Mich.
715-835-5157 906-786-6920
Madison, Wis. Green Bay, Wis.
608-222-4151 414-435-6639
IIERNAIlONAL CONSTRUCTION
INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY
Milwaukee, Wis.
414-46 1-5440
Ironwood, Mich.
906-932-0222
EQUIPMET
within the prescribed time period,
he can actually be penalized up to
$1,'000 each day that he fails to
comply!
He does have some recourse. If
he notifies the Labor Department
within 15 days after the penalty
is set that he is contesting the
citation, the time limit, and/or the
penalty, the Review Commission
must give him the opportunity for
a hearing. (Employees can contest
time limits too, though.)
Employers can also challenge an
addition or modification of the
Act in the U.S. Court of Appeals
within 60 days of its promulgation,
so stay abreast of future develop
ments.
Additional information regarding
forms and record-keeping requirements
may be obtained from
the Office of Information Service,
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration, U.S. Department
of Labor, Washington, D.C. 20210.
P
Western Pickers
Sales Parts and Repairs
-ORDER NOW
J. E. BRALEY & SON
MACHINE SHOP
78 Gibbs Ave.
Wareham. Mass.
HAVE YOUR REPAITRS
DONE NOW~~~
NOW ... YOU CAN SAVE MONEY WITH LARCHMONT IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT
DESIGNED ESPECIALLY FOR THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY ...
NEW FOR WET PICKING
· NO DAMAGE TO CRANBERRIES
· NON-CLOGGING PERFORMANCE
COMPLENO NTERNAL OBSTRUCTIONS
IR
DESIGNED FOR CONTINUOUS
SERVICE
IMPELLER IS RECESSED AWAY FROM WATER PATH
QUICK COUPLE RISER VALVES
_ NO WRENCHES
* NO THREADS
e LABOR SAVING
4" TAPPED INSERT COUPLING
ELIMINATES THE NEED
FOR BRASS SADDLES
* HOLDS PLASTIC PIPE TOGETHER
BETTER WITH LONGER AND
DEEPER SERRATIONS
NIERIGPIRPAlNO
99~~~~ WAmRRENwmuAVEN LAR~ UE CHMN
746-2610 862-2550
2
,----*-T+++++4-4+TT
Themean temperature in degrees
for the month of March was 2.7°
above the 50-year average of 29.4.
So far, the rponth of April has been
cold. Snow came on the night of
April 1 and it was cold again on
the night of the 12th.
Recently we had a paper on the
post harvest physiology of the cran-
berry published in HortScience.
Upon request, we would be glad to
send anyone a reprint.
A recent item in the press indi-
cates that lowbush blueberry grow-
ers in Nova Scotia will probably
have the opportunity to join in a
cost sharing crop insurance scheme.
This is something for our cranberry
growers to consider.
........... ..
I NA* Is A
A
a
W ASHI N iT UON
^941in
4111<1MI4+4'
Field Day at the Coastal Wash-
ington Unit will be June 30. This
will mark 50 years in operation for
n on
cranberry research theh Long
Beach Peninsula
and Washington
OCSEMD NEWS M NEWJERSEY
.' 4.l+•+•.I+ .....-' Arlen Davison, Extension PlantAfl Continuing the mild trend of this
A SM A 9 *A Pathologist from the Puyallup Cen-
ter spoke for the growers meetings past winter, March was unusually
N OVA SC OT at w e r, 4 0 abv nrm wasusal
NO61°~VI March
7
7
at Grayland Community warm. The average temperature was
ftMarch
^'-""-""" =i^+f^^CI .46.5° or 4.8° above normal. It was
^·+=i~~lt·H·~
O--I and March 9 at the mildest March since 1947 and
Hall, Long Beach.
His topic "How to Cope with
Fungus Diseases."
rosa^~~~~~ ^ n \Athe
Azmi Shawa attended the South-
west Washington Weed Association
meeting March 22, held at the
Ford's Prairie Grange Hall, Cen-
tralia. On March 29th he attended
a seminar on latest procedures used
in neutron activation analyses by
Dr. Lee Van Nice of Washington
State University, at Puyallup Center.
The February warm spell dropped
off for a mean of 49.06° during
March, the high of 56° came on the
25th. The mean low was 37.32 °
with a low of 31° on the 8th, 11th,
24th and 29th. Precipitation for
the month totaled 8.61 inches with
the greatest amount on the 19th of
1..40 inches.
Another bulletin of interest to
cranberry growers, and all those
interested in pollination for com-
,,mercial crops, E.M. 3473 "How to
Reduce Poisoning of Bees from
Pesticides." Copies available at the
Coastal Washington Res. & Ext.
Unit, Rt. 1, Box 570, Long Beach,
WA 98631.
State cranberry growers. Some spe-phase
cial features are planned and an
open invitation is extended to all
open minvi~tatsion is E^
to
to join the celebration.I
t~o join the celebration.........
STODDARD SOLVENT
WATER WHITE KEROSENE
GASOLINE __
MOTOR OILS Central |
AI ^lll^Y^I
DIESEL FUELS f lp w Heating
Heating
FUEL OIL I
866-4545 CARVER MASS.
the milde archsince 1947 an
the Card warmest in 43 years at
Cranberry and Blueberry Lab
weather station at New Lisbon.
Temperatures were above 60 on 12
days and were below 500 on only
seven days. Extremes were 71 ° on
the 14th and 21° on the first of the
month.
The trend of wet weather was
The trendofwet weather was
temporarily broken as only a little
over an inch of rain fell in the first
half of the month. However, the
latter half was rainier than normal
and the month ended with a total
of 3.86 inches, just .01 above normal.
This is the sixth successive
month of excessive precipitation.
During this period 32.77 inches of
rain has fallen which is about 13
inches above normal. Only 1/4 of
an inch of snow occurred during
the entire winter, making it the
most snowless year on record.
Rain continues to be heavy in
the first few days of April and a
worrisome mummy berry disease
situation is developing in blueberries.
Conditions have been ideal for
the development of the primary
of the disease, the "mummy
phase of the the
cups" and growers have been un
c
able to get into their fields to apply
control ^ Burlington
measures. The
County area is particularly vulner
able to the disease. In some rainy
springs it has destroyed more than
75% of the crop in some fields.
Continued on Page 16
CRANBERRIES...
the onI
the onl
R W
G ROW E R
mgazine
~-
r-'II IIlIII~l
Bee poisoning, the destruction of
honey bees by insecticides applied
for crop pest control, has become
a serious problem in recent years.
It is particularly damaging on tree
fruit, small fruit, cucurbit, vegetable
seed, and clover seed crops which
are dependent upon honey bees for
pollination. The various chemicals
are classified as to their hazard to
bees and proper conditions of use
as follows:
Hazardous at any time on bloom-
ing crops-
Aldrin, Azodrin, Banol, Baygon*,
Baytex*, Bidrin, Bomyl, Calcium
arsenate, Cryolite, Cygon, Dasanit,
Diazinon, Dibrom dust, Dieldrin,
DNOSBP, Dursban*, EPN, Ethyl-
methyl Guthion, Folimat, Furadan,
Guthion, Heptachlor, Imidan, Lan-
nate dust, Lead arsenate, Lindane
& BHC, Malathion dust, Malathion
ULV, Matacil, Metacide, Methyl
Parathion**, Methyl Trithion, Para
thion, Ph~osdrin*,
-Phosphamidon,
Sevin, Supracide, Telodrin, Vapona,
and Zectran.
Not hazardous if applied in late
evening after bees have quit forag-
ing, except during periods of high
temperature in late evening-
Alpha gamma chlordane, Dibrom
WP, Malathion EC, Monitor, and
Thimet EC.
Not hazardous if applied in either
evening or early morning when bees
are not foraging, except during
periods of high temperatures in
these times-
Biothion, Carzol, Chlordane, DDT,
Delnav, Dibrom EC, Dieldrin G,
Dilan, Di-Syston EC Dylox, Endrin,
Ethion, Gardona, Galecron & Fun-
dal dust, Heptachlor G, Isopropyl
INSECTICIDE
TOXICITY
/TOHONEY BEES
By Carl Johansen, Entomologist,
and Arthur H. Retan, Extension Entomology Specialist,
-!i
Cooperative Extension Service,
Washington State University.
Parathion, Lannate SP, Menazon,
Methoxychlor, Meta-Systox-R,
Morocide, Nemacide(V-C 13), NPD,
Orthene, Perthane, Phostex, Phos-
vel, Pirimor, Rhothane (TDE),
Sevin-4-oil Systox, TEPP*
Thanite, Thimet G**, Thiocron,
Thiodan, Torak, Toxaphene, Toxa
phene + DDT, Tranid, Trithion,
Vydate, and Zolone.
Not hazardous at any time on
blooming crops-
Acarol, Allethrin, Aramite, Baygon
G, Chlorobenzilate, Chloropro-
pylate, Dasanit G Dessin, Dimite
Di-Syston G**, DN-111, Fenson,
Furadan G, Galecron and Fundal
SP EC, Genite 923, Karathane
Kelthane, Kepone, Lethane 384,
Lime-sulfur, Lovozal, Malathion G,
Micasin, Milbex, Mirex, Mitox,
Morestan,Neotran, Nicotine, Nissol,
Oil sprays (superior type), Omite,
Ove, Pentac Plictran Pyrethrum
Rotenone, Ryania, Schradan, Sevin
G, Sodium Fluosilicate bait, Sulfur,
Sulphenone, Tedion and Temik G.
P
General Precautions
1Do not apply insecticides which
have a long residual toxicity to
bees on blooming crops.
2 Mow or beat down orchard cover
crop blooms before applying in-
secticides.
3Apply certain moderate hazard
or short residual insecticides only
College of Agriculture,
from orchards or fields.
7Contact thebeekeeperto remove
honey bee colonies from the
ae, if feasible.
Do no use chlordane or Vapona
keeping
storage facilities.
9 When insect pests are known to
be damaging to a crop every
season, use a preventive type
program of early application before
population increase, foliage
growth, and weather conditions
reduce effectiveness of the in
secticide
10Observe regulationsoftheWash
ington State Department of Agriculture
which restrict the use of
chemicals hazardous to bees on
certain blooming crops.
*Baygon, Baytex, and Dursban at
mosquito abatement rates are not
hazardous to bees after a few hours.
** Methyl parathion, Phosdrin, TEPP,
ThimetG, andDi-Syston G should not
be used where there is a possible
fumigation hazard to honey bees.
Farm Credit Service
Box 7,Taunton, Mass. 02781
when bees are not foraging.824-7578
4Use relatively nonhazardous insecticideswhenever
possible. PRODUCTION CREDIT LOANS
LAND BANK MORTGAGES
5 Choose the less hazardous types
of secticide formulat whenever
possible. Office -On Route 44
6 Establish holding yards of honey 1/4 Mile West of Rt. 24
bee colonies at least 3 miles .
CRANBERRIES
te5 r //;7 NATIONAL CRANBERR Y MAGAZINE
tTHE
Our 35th Year of Publication
Stu,IY _ -j/
publisher
I. STANLEY COBB
Issue of May 1973 / Volume 38 -No. Office: R-55 Summer Street, Kingston, Massachusetts
02364, Post Office Box J. Telephone (617) 585-3604
All correspondence and advertising should be sent to
Box J, Kingston.
-advisors -correspondents
LIGHT AND HONEY BEE POLLINATION NovaScotia
1. V. HALL
The value of crop pollination by honey bees, Botanist, Research Station
already estimated in the billions of dollars each Kentville, Nova Scotia
year, may some day be enhanced by applying Massachusetts
recent findings by a team of U.S. Department of DR. CHESTER E. CROSS
Agriculture (USDA) scientists in cooperation with Director, Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station
the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station, IRVING DeMORANVILLE
Madison. Extension Cranberry Specialist
Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station
Agricultural engineer Benjamin F. Detroy and New Jersey
entomologist Eric H. Erickson, both of USDA's PHILIP E. MARUCCI
Agricultural Research Service, in working with dis-Research Professor in Entomology
posable pollination units (DPUEs), found that light, Extension Specialist in Cranberries and Blueberries
Official Cooperative Weather Bureau Observer
or absence of light, was one of the more important
Oregon
physical stimuli to bee activity. Using DPUs is an DA E
experimental concept in crop pollination in which uAVIK
County Extension Agent
growers are provided with expendable bees in dis-Coquille, Oregon
posable packages that can be distributed throughout Washington
fields or orchards. AZMIY.SHAWA
AZMI Y. SHAWA
Assistant Horticulturist and
The scientists demonstrated that when light pene-Extension Agent in Horticulture
tration in the DPU's was lowered, bee mortality was Long Beach, Washington
reduced, drifting of bees decreased, and comb Wisconsin
building and nectar storage increased. In a room VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
with controlled environment containerized bees re-Eagle River, Wisconsin
sponded to increased light with increased activity
and also encountered increased mortality. ....... _ ___--
Majorin developingproblems the DPU concept CRANBERRIES is published once a month by Pilgrim
Major problems at R-55 (P.O. Box J) Kingston,
indevelopingthPublishers Summer Street
have been associated with type of container and Massachusetts. Second Class postage paid at Plymouth,
shipment. The new findings may help enlarge the Massachusetts Post Office.
scope of the bee industry. Price is 500 per copy, $5.00 a year in U.S., $6.00 in
Canada; all other countries $8.00 a year. Foreign remittances
-N E WS must equal U.S. funds.
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Agricultural Research Service
North Central Region
Copyright 1972 by Pilgrim Publishers
,,,,,,,,,, -,5
Mass.
Cranberry
Station
i Fiel Nots by IRVING E.OEMORANVILLE
extension cranberry specialist
Personals
Prof. William Tomlinson attended March since 1946 and the fourth inches total for the month which,
a meeting in Washington, D. C. on warmest in our records, surpassed strangely enough, is exactly the
March 27. This was a meeting called only by 1946, 1945 and 1936. same as in March 1972. The snow
by the USDA to obtain information Maximum temperature was 63 ° on occurred on the 22nd. This is less
°
on various agricultural uses of diel-the 16th and minimum 17 on the than 1/3 our average. Most bogs
drin. 1st. Warmer than average days oc-have had the water drawn for at
Club Meetings curred on the 4th, 8-9th, 11-14th, least a month and the vines look
16-17th, 19th, 24-26th, 31st. The good. The bud appears excellent at
The March series of cranberry only cooler than normal days were this time. Winterkill does not seem
club meetings were held in Kingston the 20-22nd and 27th. serious, more of a wind-burn and
on March 20, Rochester, March 21 there is little if any oxygen defiand
Barnstable, March 22. Prof. Precipitation totalled only 2.93 ciency. The season is definitely ad-
William Tomlinson discussed current inches which is nearly 2 inches be-vanced when compared to recent
insect recommendations. Mr. An-low normal. There were measurable years. Since 1964, we have been
drew Card, a commercial apiarist, amounts on 15 days with 0.93 cooperators in a phenology study at
presented an interesting talk on the inches on the 4th as the largest the Station where red persian lilacs
"Biology of the Honeybee." Dr. storm. We are 41½ inches below are used to determine the advance-
Robert Devlin presented a progress normal for the 3-month period and ment of the spring season, or "green
report on experimental herbicides. 53% inches behind 1972 for the wave" as it is sometimes called.
Dr. Bert Zuckerman spoke about same time. Snowfall was only 2.0 Continued on Page 15"Problems Involved with Fungicides."
Prof. Stan Norton showed a
motion picture of his experimental
dry harvest machine. The author
presented reports on long term %tin nb r 3Iuuiflaub
morcran trials and some fertilizer a ebk oo
experiments. DIV. NORTH CARVER PINE CORP.
The clubs elected officers for the 52 FULLER STREET
new season. The South Shore Club MIDDLEBORO, MASS. 02346
re-elected Wilfred Galletti, president,
Ashley Holmes, vice-president
and Bob Alberghini, secretary-treas-
urer. The Southeastern Club elected SOUHER NEW ENGLAND'S
Doug Beaton, president, Clark Grif-MOST MODERN SAW MILL
fith, vice-president and Ken Ash-
burn, secretary-treasurer. The Cape Purchasing white pine timber standing or cut
Cod Club re-elected Neal Ames, logs.
president, James Jenkins, vice-president,
Mrs. Crawford Hollidge, secre-Call us, and we'll be glad to talk it over with
tary and Victor Adams, treasurer. you.
Weather Mill location Route 44, Middleboro-Carver
March averaged 5.8 degrees a day Town Line.
above normal to finish off a very
mild winter. December was much Willard A. Rhodes MAIN OFFICE 947-1503
above normal, January slightly President Off. Hours 8:30 A.M. -2:30 P.M.
above and February just about
normal. This was the warmest _
_1
CRANBERRIES SHIPPED
BY NEW METHOD
A new way of rushing West
A new way of rushing West
Coast cranberries to Midwest points
for blending and national distribu-
tion was announced by officials of
Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. and
Burlington Northern.
Quick-frozen cranberries are
pneumatically blown into specially-
equipped refrigerator cars and
sucked out at their destination by
giant vacuums.
The first 100,000-lb. refrigerated
carload of cranberries, in what may
amount to shipment of some 4
million pounds from Eugene Freez-
ing, Eugene, in the next few months
was scheduled to arrive late in
April at Ocean Spray's Kenosha,
Wis., plant.
Gary Gustafson, Burlington Nor-
ther's marketing specialist in Eu-
gene, calls the new concept "the
cran...brrr...y shuffle, move
c bran.e.lm. a cool
in imaginative marketing.
Berries from bogs in Oregon,
WBerrie,
New Jersey and NewEngland states
each have distinctive characteristics.
Color is most important, as richness
of natural color has high consumer
appeal on the grocer's shelfh
By bl b fm d-
g s
By blending berries from dif
ferent sources, Ocean Spray achieves
the most appealing color balance.
This requires added shipping from
distant points across the nation.
a the
"Just a few years ago, the major
use of cranberries was for relishes,
jelly and whole cooked fruit, tra-
ditionally served with turkey and
other birds at seasonal occasions
like Thanksgiving and Christmas"
says Ocean Spray's traffic manager
John' R. Pascoe, Hanson, Mass.
"Today's market covers the full
year" he said, "because cranberry
lovers have discovered the fruit,
jellies, mixed-juices and other prod-
ucts complement breakfast, lunch
and dinner any day of the year."
It was thus, that about five
agoICE business
years ago the cranberry
shifted much of its volume to fast-
frozen storage and year-around ship-
ping. ars_
The perishable berries require
continuous refrigeration at about
minus 10 degrees, and until now,
the only way they could be moved
in refrigerated rail cars in the frozen
state was to use bins each holding
several hundred pounds of berries.
The bins provided space for cold
air circulation throughout the
freight cars and keep the berries
from plugging up cold air outlets
and return ducts.
Couture said the new concept
eliminates the bins, which previously
had to be shipped back to origin
nts poi
points, speeds up loading and unloading,
and saves rail-car time
through better utilization.
"Any way you look at it" he
says, "the new technique means a
better and more economical way
to satisfy consumer tastes through
innovative marketing, transportation
and distribution. We're now
suckedgoutiat their11es.-nacum concept at Bur-
Handling the many bulky bins bstudying the same
at loading and unloading points
seemed a bit inefficient and costly
to Ocean Spray's traffic men and
engineers, so they pursued the idea
of a screen lining for the refrigerator
cars as a possible means for handling
the bullet-hard frozen berries in
bulk.
"The idea was a good one" says
LeRoy Couture, BN's manager of
commodity marketing for frozen
foodsby at St. Paul,p~ulMMinn., "but it
^od~atl
was a bit too costly a way of keep-
ing berries out of the air ducts."
Couture reasoned that once fro-
zen, the berries would keep their
cool, if only exterior parts of the
load at the top, sides and bottom
of the cars could be kept at the
sharp-freeze level. He suggested use
of a simple cardboard liner, and it
worked.
Ocean Spray developed a pneu-
matic system for blowing berries
into the cars and a vacuum system
for unloading and BN, with its
f uldgnB wt s
Western Fruit Express subsidiary,
worked out refrigerator car me-
chanical details and rail service
arrangements.
FOR SALE
RIDING WATER REEL
5' PICKING HEAD
Perfect for smaller grower
erowr
Used one season
1years -$650
TEL 617-934-6076
e
lington Northern in our marketing
planning division for rail shipment
of other frozen food products."
-Oregon Journal
OCEAN SPRAY EXPLAINS
MARKETING PROBLEMS
Facts and figures of interest to
cranberry growers were presented
to them during a growers meeting
from the head office of
by officials from the head office of
Ocean Spray Cranberres, Inc., in
Hanson, Mass.
Meeting with the Ocean Spray
growers were Harold Thorkilsen,
president and chief executive officer;
Endre Endresen, vice president
of operations; John Connally,
vice president in charge of marketing;
Gilbert T. Beaton, director of
grower services; all of Hanson, and
Robert C. Lucas, West Coast area
manager from Markham, Wash.
Marketing Order
Beaton spoke on the Federal
Marketing Order which was putMarketing Order which was put
to effect by the cranberry industry
five years to help keep the
production of berries in line with
Terms of the allotment program,
which will govern the 1974 crop,
were presented to the growers,
although they have not yet been
approved and will require a later
vote.
At the time the Federal Marketing
Order for cranberry production
was put into effect five years ago,
the industry put a halt on the
planting of new bogs.
The quota of cranberries that
each grower will be allowed to
produce-which will be known as
his base quantity-will be figured
on the basis of the average number
of berries in his two best crop years
from the period 1968-1973, divided
fby thperiodwo 196-
A percentage of the grower's
quota that equals anticipated sales
will be allocated to each, and he
will be paid for his alloted per-
centage, and the remainder of the
berries will be disposed of.
Beaton explained to the growers
that Ocean Spray is seeking to be
the handler to dispose of the extra
berries instead of the individual
growers.
Materials
~c ~~~ost of
Cost of Materials
In a talk concerning the market-
ing of berries, Endresen cited dra-
matic increases in the cost of
production, referring to the high
cost of materials such as labels,
bottles, sugar, caps, etc.
He told the growers that the
cost of the glass bottles alone
amounted to over $11,000,000
annually.
"And now with the elimination
ofPhae 3, the will be anntici-
of Phase there an antici
pated increase in the cost each
year, the amounts of which will be
unpredictable" explained a spokes-
man.
Endresen explained that out of
every sales dollar, 52.9% goes for
the cost of manufacturing.
At present the grower realizes
27¢ out of every sales dollar, but
the Ocean Spray officials explained
that a goal of management is to
raise that percentage so that 30¢ of
every dollar will be distributed to
the growers. He explained that they
hope to cut the costs of manufac-
turing down to 50¢, with 20¢ to go
for advertising and administration,
th ote _10
and the other 30o to the grower.
Marketing Procedure
Ocean Spray's new marketing
specialist, John Connelly, gave a
detailed presentation regarding mar-
keting procedure for the spring and
summer campaign, which includes
slides, previews of TV commercials,
magazine illustrations and a break-
..
downcategrdng anticipated sales
He also reviewed findings of
recent research regarding house-
wives' reaction to Ocean Spray
* ~GASO~LINE GA
~PROnPAMNEA
*f GASOLINE · PROPANE GAS
* MOTOR OILS * BULK and CYLINDER
· LUBRICANTS GAS SERVICE
* KEROSENE · PROPANE CARBURETION
* SOLVENT INSTALLED -SERVICED
* FUEL OILS
kingston
62 Main Street Hi)
Kingston Area Code 61 7
iMassachusetts 585-6511
02364 1 3
^ | l Telephone:T
OilandgaS
li N Co p F 0 I^ E D
P~~i
I!s~
products, including several new
products.
hne in hiloso
Thorkilsen spoke on a change in
the philosophy regarding new products.
He favors concentrating on
established products that still do
"not have their share of the market."
He felt Ocean Spray should
maximize efforts on products with
a greater return, and play down
efforts on bringing new products
into the market place.
both x e d sow to bring
new product onto the m tk bri.Th
tiefor thstype of ivestment
time for this type of investment
spending will have to be when
growers are assured of a return per
barrel that will establish to them a
fair return for their time and money
invested" he explained.
H
He then went into detail as to how
he ee to ase th t
per barrel each year by reasonable
increases in sales, by holding the
costs down in the purchasing department
and lowering the ratio of
production costs,thereby increasing
the ratio of return per barrel.
Growers were paid $10.86 perbarrel for the 1970-71 crop, $11.10
for last year's crop, and the anticipi
pated figure for this year's crop is
$12.64.
1
I
C. CLIFFORD GEORGE
Funeral services were held in the
Bandon Chapel for C. Clifford
George, 67, a longtime resident of
Bandon, Oregon who died March 31.
A-resident of Croft Lake Road,
Mr. George was born Aug. 6, 1905
in Staunton, Ill.
Mr. George came to Bandon in
1958 where he and his sons owned
and operated the Bandon Food
Center (now Buck's Sentry Market).
He and his wife, Doris, also own
the Econo Wash Laundromat in
Bandon as well as their own cran
berry bogs.
_
FA=mBUREII7
F
__.
At long last! Governor Sargent
has filed enabling legislation on use-
value assessment of agricultural and
horticultural lands in Massachusetts.
Hearings will be scheduled shortly,
and your Farm Bureau will go all out
to obtain passage of this vital bill.
Many farmers realize how im-
portant this effort will be, and have
already responded to MFBF Presi-
dent Dave Mann's letter. Some
farmers stepped up with substan-
tially more money, thus indicating
their strong support for Farm Bu-
reau's tireless efforts to keep farm-
ing alive in Massachusetts.
FarmBureau is you . .and can
succeed only if you accept your fair
share of the responsibility. We have
worked too long and too hard to
lose this fight at this critical point.
PLEASE! We ask you to write your
check today, and be a part of this
massive farmers struggle for survival.
Gonna sit right down and write
my Congressman a letter. About the
so-called Muskie-Baker amendment
to the Highway Trust fund, which
was passed by the Senate, and will
be before the House in Washington
very soon. This amendment will
make about one billion dollars avail-
able for states and cities to divert
(if they wish) to mass transit sys-
tems. Your Congressman will ap-
preciate a brief note from you,
stating your views on whether
money collected from highway users
should be diverted to mass transit
The Highway Trust Fund was es-
tablished to assure the public of
adequate, safe highways. It seems
to us that this is a valid purpose,
and the integrity of this Fund
should be preserved. Agree? Write
your Congressman.
Farm Bureau Day at the State
House in Boston was a big success.
Over 150 members came to Gard-
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