Murder charges increasing in fatal DUI cases

SANTA ANA, Calif. 
While rookie Los Angeles Angels pitcher Nick Adenhart was pitching six scoreless innings in the game of his career, Andrew Gallo spent hours bar-hopping and pounding down shots and beers with his stepbrother.

Gallo claimed he was too drunk to know what he was doing when he finally got behind the wheel of his parents' minivan. But he should have known better.

Gallo, 23, had a prior drunken driving conviction when he killed Adenhart and two of his friends in a high-speed crash in Orange County. He also had received a written warning from the court that if he drove again and killed someone while under the influence, he could be charged with murder.

That made all the difference for jurors, who took little more than a day to find Gallo guilty of three counts of second-degree murder rather than manslaughter.

It was the 11th time in two years that a defendant was convicted of murder in the county for killing someone while driving drunk. The verdict Monday against Gallo cemented the conservative county's reputation as a leader in the nationwide trend of prosecuting drunken drivers for murder.

The legal strategy is gaining momentum in states from New York to Alaska, as juries become less forgiving of the crime. The difference between murder and manslaughter can add years to a defendant's potential sentence.

Laws vary from state to state, but there appears to be a trend among prosecutors to charge drunken drivers with murder if they have more than one previous DUI conviction and kill multiple people, said Laura Dean-Mooney, national president of Mothers Against Drunk Driving.

In New York, a man was convicted of murder in a DUI collision that decapitated a 7-year-old flower girl on her way home in a limo from a wedding. In Missouri, a man with three prior DUI convictions was found guilty of second-degree murder for killing a 19-year-old in a drunken driving crash.

And in Alaska, prosecutors are seeking a retrial on a murder charge for a man accused of driving drunk and killing a man on his way home from a fishing trip. The first trial resulted in a hung jury.

MADD, which tracks the issue, doesn't keep statistics on the number of murder convictions for DUI-related deaths. The patchwork of local jurisdictions and differences in state laws make such numbers hard to compile.

In 2008, Orange County became one of the first jurisdictions in California to set up a special unit dedicated to prosecuting vehicular homicides - 99 percent of which are DUI-related.

Along with Gallo, those convicted included a Marine from Camp Pendleton who had no prior DUI convictions. Eight of the county's convictions are expected to reach the state appeals court.

DUI murder prosecutions in California are based on a 1981 state Supreme Court ruling that allowed fatal drunken driving crashes to be charged as second-degree murders. The state's high court ruled that DUI meets the malice standard required for murder because it shows a conscious disregard for human life.