Columns, partitions and flooring make up the skeleton of approximately each development. This 3rd quantity within the sequence Scale, help| Materialise, takes an in-depth examine those load-bearing constructions, masking the improvement and cognizance of applicable structures from proposal and layout goal all of the technique to constructional implementation.

Designing and construction injection molds shouldn't be a dear trial and blunder technique. in attaining potent mould building the correct means via touching on this 3rd installment within the bestselling sequence. This e-book publications readers in removing guesswork with severe mildew layout reminiscent of gate position, form and measurement.

The strip will become apparent in the interior, for example in the dimensions of a suspended ceiling, as well as in the ­facade. 3 STRUCTURAL PRINCIPLES 55 1–3 Working with a grid as a ­design principle: Beroun House, 2003, HSH Architects 4 a b c Structure and envelope: Structure behind the facade Structure in the facade plane Structure in front of the facade 5 Historical example of a corner conflict: corner detail of inner courtyard at Palazzo Medici-­ Riccardi, Florence, 1444, ­Michelozzo di Bartolommeo 4a b c 5 The geometry of a skeleton building is determined by the position of the uprights, which may be placed behind the facade, or within the plane of the facade, or in front of the facade.

Wide-spanning, high-performance structures and three-dimensional shell structures drive the process of opening and freeing up. The structural principle of skeleton construction is based on a three-dimensional grid 3, which forms the basis for the precise arrangement and joining of primary (load­ bearing) and secondary (room-forming) elements. It also gives rise to a distinct feature of skeleton construction, namely the repetition of identical parts, which creates the conditions for cost-efficient constructions.

Linear and plane elements also occur in curved form. Pointed elements 1a refer to the smallest possible part of a structure. A typical example is the node in ­skeleton construction, as shown in the node of ­Buckminster Fuller’s dome. 28 2. Structural elements that extend along one dimension 1b are called struts, girders or beams. They are geometrically defined by their proportions: their length is much greater than their width and height. When such an ­element is drawn up as a linear structural element in systemic abstraction, only the structurally effective axis of the system is shown.