People made prisoners in Chile when Pinochet took power talk about what happened, and how they were tortured.

published:21 Aug 2007

views:85946

Footage from the 2004 Chilean movie "Machuca"
On september 11th, 1973, A US government (and corporation) backed military coup in Chile ousted democratically elected PresidentSalvador Allende and ended South America's oldest constitutional democracy.
Allende was considered the worlds first democratically elected marxist leader and embarked on far reaching social and economic reforms in chile. This led to hostilities with Chiles wealthy elite as well as the united states.
After the coup, the military maintained control of Chile under the leadership of General Augusto Pinochet, one of history's most infamous dictators. During his authoritarian right-wing rule, thousands died and countless more imprisoned for both their political beliefs, and their economic class.
Chile remained in this dark shadow until a new government was formed in 1990.
declassified U.S. documents have revealed that the Chilean military was both supported and funded by the U.S. government in the coup.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_FUBELT)
The American CompanyITT has also been found to have assisted in the coupe financially to protect their economic interests.
I believe this is one of the more important (and overlooked) moments in both U.S. and world history. I hope you all learn something from this video.
And I hope that you realize that regardless of your political leanings, what happened in Chile in 1973 was wrong, and nothing like that should ever happen again.
Edit: Comments are disabled because they became infected with literal Nazis. Go advocate mass murder somewhere else you pieces of human garbage.

The 1973 Chilean coup d'état was a watershed event in the history of Chile and the Cold War. On 11 September1973, the democratically elected PresidentSalvador Allende was overthrown in a coup d'état organised by the Chilean military. A military junta took control of the government, composed of the heads of the Air Force, Navy, Carabineros (police force) and the Army led by General Augusto Pinochet.[1] Pinochet later assumed power and ended Allende's democratically elected Popular Unity government.[2][3]
During the air raids and ground attacks that preceded the coup, Allende gave his last speech where he vowed to stay in the presidential palace.[4] Direct witness accounts of his death agree that he committed suicide in the presidential palace.[5][6] After the coup Pinochet established a military dictatorship that ruled Chile until 1990 and that was marked by severe human rights violations. A weak insurgence movement against the Pinochet government was maintained inside Chile by elements sympathetic to the former Allende government.

published:10 Jan 2011

views:182932

1973 Chilean coup d'étatDemocratically elected in 1970, Chilean PresidentSalvador Allende was pushing forward his “Chilean way to socialism”
Land reforms and even free milk for children were being introduced
The newGovernment also attempted to nationalise Chile’s lucrative copper mines which were mostly owned by US firms.
The US firms were compensated much more than their book value. But this wasn’t good enough for the US
In 2014, a series of declassified US documents revealed how Richard Nixon’s admin was running a campaign to destabilise Allende’s Government
One section showed how the US copper companies in Chile had been complaining of increasing tax pressure and their worries about nationalisation.
To Chileans, the US firm Anaconda symbolised American dependency. It was considered by most to be a foreign state within a state
With a covert action budget assigned, the CIA’s operation was described as a “program to hamstring Allende and play for the breaks”
Eventually a military coup in 1973 backed by America paved the way for Augusto Pinochet to take full control within a year.
Pinochet launched a wave of brutal purges against remaining opponents
In order to burnish the new Junta’s image at home and abroad, the CIA co-produced a “White book of the change of Government in Chile”
The book effectively whitewashed the general by blackening the President he overthrew in 1973, Salvador Allende
This coup was merely another American counter-revolutionary strategy which has been demonstrated in other parts of the world.
Please donate to our channel for bigger and better videos at https://www.gofundme.com/morekjvids
Sign up to our website and submit video suggestions:
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published:17 Aug 2017

views:3806

Outline of the 1973AllendeCoup in Chile and Pinochet's Junta (this video under CC-BY-SA). Created by Sal Khan.
Watch the next lesson: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/euro-hist/cold-war/v/pattern-of-us-cold-war-interventions?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=worldhistory
Missed the previous lesson? https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/euro-hist/cold-war/v/vietnam-war?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=worldhistory
World history on Khan Academy: From the earliest civilizations to the modern world, geography, religion, trade, and politics have bound peoples and nations together — and torn them apart. Take a journey through time and space and discover the fascinating history behind the complex world we inhabit today.
About Khan Academy: Khan Academy offers practice exercises, instructional videos, and a personalized learning dashboard that empower learners to study at their own pace in and outside of the classroom. We tackle math, science, computer programming, history, art history, economics, and more. Our math missions guide learners from kindergarten to calculus using state-of-the-art, adaptive technology that identifies strengths and learning gaps. We've also partnered with institutions like NASA, The Museum of Modern Art, The California Academy of Sciences, and MIT to offer specialized content.
For free. For everyone. Forever. #YouCanLearnAnything
Subscribe to Khan Academy’s World History channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6KRvvmvkCchFMo2EJ-3Arg?sub_confirmation=1
Subscribe to Khan Academy: https://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=khanacademy

The Pinochet File is a National Security Archive book written by Peter Kornbluh. About the book: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1595589120/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=1595589120&linkCode=as2&tag=tra0c7-20&linkId=1d959dd17cd007404c0cabadd73105ad
It covers over approximately two decades of declassified documents, from the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), White House, and United States Department of State, regarding American covert activities in Chile. It is based on more than 24,000 previously classified documents that were released as part of the Chilean Declassification Project during the Clinton administration, between June 1999 and June 2000.
The Pinochet File was selected as one of "The BestBooks of 2003" in the nonfiction category by the Los Angeles Times. The New Yorker said, "The evidence that Kornbluh has gathered is overwhelming." in its review. The Newsweek review of The Pinochet File describes it as "...actually two distinct but intersecting books. The first is a narrative account of the Nixon administration's involvement in Chile. Its mission was to make sure that Allende's election in 1970 didn't serve as a model for leftist candidates elsewhere. The second consists of the reproduction of hundreds of salient intelligence documents released in 1999 and 2000 in response to requests by President Bill Clinton."
The inclusion of key source documents allows the reader not only to corroborate Kornbluh's findings, but to acquire a flavor of the extent of U.S. covert activities within Chile, and to understand the tenor of conversation in the White House and CIA regarding Salvador Allende's presidency. While the U.S. claimed to support Chile and its democratic election process, the documents show intricate and extensive attempts first to prevent Allende from being elected, and then to overthrow him with a coup d'état. The coup d'état required first removing the commander in chief of the Chilean armed forces (GeneralRené Schneider), who opposed military interference in political situations; he was assassinated by CIA-funded coup plotters (retired General Roberto Viaux and active duty General Camilo Valenzuela). OnceAugusto Pinochet took power, his human rights violations were tolerated, even though the U.S. knew that thousands of people had been detained and American citizensCharles Horman and Frank Teruggi murdered. The CIA fostered an extensive cover-up of its involvement in fomenting the coup, including dissembling to the Church Committee. The White House also withheld key documents. Subsequently, the role of the US in this period of history was not correctly understood based solely on the findings released at that time. Furthermore, extensive black propaganda, especially in El Mercurio, shaped world perceptions of Allende, essentially painting him as a Communist pawn and portraying the wreckage of the Chilean economy as due to his decisions. In contrast, the declassified documents show that Richard Nixon enacted an "invisible blockade" in concert with American multinational corporations and international banking organizations, which were pressured to withhold loan refinancing. Consequently, much of the history that has been written without access to these documents may need to be reexamined, as Kornbluh discusses in the book's introduction:
Indeed, the documents contain new information on virtually every major issue, episode, and scandal that pockmark this controversial era. They cover events such as Project FUBELT, the CIA's covert action to block Salvador Allende from becoming president of Chile in the fall of 1970; the assassination of Chilean commander-in-chief René Schneider; U.S. strategy and operations to destabilize the Allende government; the degree of American support for the coup; the postcoup executions of American citizens; the origins and operations of Pinochet's secret police, DINA, CIA ties to DINA chief Manuel Contreras, Operation Condor, the terrorist car-bombing of Orlando Letelier and Ronni Moffitt in Washington, D.C., the murder by burning of Washington resident Rodrigo Rojas, and Pinochet's final efforts to thwart a transition to civilian rule.
The inclusion of key source documents provide a rare behind-the-scenes view of covert regime change in operation. Key documents from the CIA, United States National Security Council (NSC), White House, DIA, and State Department were declassified in the year 2000. The more than 24,000 records correspond to an average of about three records per day gathered over two decades and Kornbluh’s analysis was not complete and in print until 2003.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pinochet_File
Image By Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Chile. [CC BY2.0 cl (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/cl/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons

The military deposed Allende's Popular Unity government and established a junta that suspended all political activity in the country and repressed left-wing movements, especially the communist and socialist parties and the Revolutionary Left Movement (MIR). Allende's appointed army chief, Augusto Pinochet, rose to supreme power within a year of the coup, formally assuming power in late 1974. The United States government, which had worked to create the conditions for the coup, promptly recognized the junta government and supported it in consolidating power.

During the air raids and ground attacks that preceded the coup, Allende gave his last speech, in which he vowed to stay in the presidential palace, denouncing offers for safe passage should he choose exile over confrontation. Direct witness accounts of Allende's death agree that he committed suicide in the palace.

Salvador Allende

Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (Spanish:[salβaˈðoɾ aˈʝende ˈɣosens]; 26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and politician, known as the first Marxist to become president of a Latin American country through open elections.

As president, Allende adopted a policy of nationalization of industries and collectivisation; due to these and other factors, increasingly strained relations between him and the legislative and judicial branches of the Chilean government—who did not share his enthusiasm for socialisation—culminated in a declaration by Congress of a "constitutional breakdown." A centre-right majority including the Christian Democrats, whose support had enabled Allende's election, denounced his rule as unconstitutional and called for his overthrow by force. On 11 September 1973 the military moved to oust Allende in a coup d'état sponsored by the United StatesCentral Intelligence Agency. As troops surrounded La Moneda Palace, he gave his last speech vowing not to resign. Later that day, Allende shot himself dead with an assault rifle according to an 2011 investigation conducted by a Chilean court with the assistance of international experts.

Augusto Pinochet

Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte, more commonly known as Augusto Pinochet (Spanish pronunciation:[auˈɣusto pinoˈʃā] or Spanish pronunciation:[auˈɣusto pinoˈtʃet]; 25 November 1915 – 10 December 2006), was dictator of Chile between 1973 and 1990 and Commander-in-Chief of the Chilean Army from 1973 to 1998. He was also president of the Government Junta of Chile between 1973 and 1981.

White House (Moscow)

The White House (Russian:Белый дом, tr.Bely dom;IPA:[ˈbʲɛlɨj ˈdom]; Officially: The House of the Government of the Russian Federation, Russian:Дом Правительства Российской Федерации, tr.Dom pravitelstva Rossiiskoi Federatsii), also known as the Russian White House, is a government building in Moscow. It stands on the Krasnopresnenskaya embankment. The building serves as the primary office of the government of Russia and is the official workplace of the Russian Prime Minister

War on Democracy - US backed 1973 coup in Chile

People made prisoners in Chile when Pinochet took power talk about what happened, and how they were tortured.

7:33

September 11th, 1973

September 11th, 1973

September 11th, 1973

Footage from the 2004 Chilean movie "Machuca"
On september 11th, 1973, A US government (and corporation) backed military coup in Chile ousted democratically elected PresidentSalvador Allende and ended South America's oldest constitutional democracy.
Allende was considered the worlds first democratically elected marxist leader and embarked on far reaching social and economic reforms in chile. This led to hostilities with Chiles wealthy elite as well as the united states.
After the coup, the military maintained control of Chile under the leadership of General Augusto Pinochet, one of history's most infamous dictators. During his authoritarian right-wing rule, thousands died and countless more imprisoned for both their political beliefs, and their economic class.
Chile remained in this dark shadow until a new government was formed in 1990.
declassified U.S. documents have revealed that the Chilean military was both supported and funded by the U.S. government in the coup.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_FUBELT)
The American CompanyITT has also been found to have assisted in the coupe financially to protect their economic interests.
I believe this is one of the more important (and overlooked) moments in both U.S. and world history. I hope you all learn something from this video.
And I hope that you realize that regardless of your political leanings, what happened in Chile in 1973 was wrong, and nothing like that should ever happen again.
Edit: Comments are disabled because they became infected with literal Nazis. Go advocate mass murder somewhere else you pieces of human garbage.

The Overthrow of Democratic Chile Part 1 (Salvador Allende)

The 1973 Chilean coup d'état was a watershed event in the history of Chile and the Cold War. On 11 September1973, the democratically elected PresidentSalvador Allende was overthrown in a coup d'état organised by the Chilean military. A military junta took control of the government, composed of the heads of the Air Force, Navy, Carabineros (police force) and the Army led by General Augusto Pinochet.[1] Pinochet later assumed power and ended Allende's democratically elected Popular Unity government.[2][3]
During the air raids and ground attacks that preceded the coup, Allende gave his last speech where he vowed to stay in the presidential palace.[4] Direct witness accounts of his death agree that he committed suicide in the presidential palace.[5][6] After the coup Pinochet established a military dictatorship that ruled Chile until 1990 and that was marked by severe human rights violations. A weak insurgence movement against the Pinochet government was maintained inside Chile by elements sympathetic to the former Allende government.

2:20

1973 Chilean Coup D'état

1973 Chilean Coup D'état

1973 Chilean Coup D'état

1973 Chilean coup d'étatDemocratically elected in 1970, Chilean PresidentSalvador Allende was pushing forward his “Chilean way to socialism”
Land reforms and even free milk for children were being introduced
The newGovernment also attempted to nationalise Chile’s lucrative copper mines which were mostly owned by US firms.
The US firms were compensated much more than their book value. But this wasn’t good enough for the US
In 2014, a series of declassified US documents revealed how Richard Nixon’s admin was running a campaign to destabilise Allende’s Government
One section showed how the US copper companies in Chile had been complaining of increasing tax pressure and their worries about nationalisation.
To Chileans, the US firm Anaconda symbolised American dependency. It was considered by most to be a foreign state within a state
With a covert action budget assigned, the CIA’s operation was described as a “program to hamstring Allende and play for the breaks”
Eventually a military coup in 1973 backed by America paved the way for Augusto Pinochet to take full control within a year.
Pinochet launched a wave of brutal purges against remaining opponents
In order to burnish the new Junta’s image at home and abroad, the CIA co-produced a “White book of the change of Government in Chile”
The book effectively whitewashed the general by blackening the President he overthrew in 1973, Salvador Allende
This coup was merely another American counter-revolutionary strategy which has been demonstrated in other parts of the world.
Please donate to our channel for bigger and better videos at https://www.gofundme.com/morekjvids
Sign up to our website and submit video suggestions:
www.kjvids.co.uk
Like our Facebook page for exclusive updates:
https://www.facebook.com/KJVids
Follow us on Instagram for our one minute vids:
https://www.instagram.com/kjvids2016
Follow us on Twitter to be informed when we post:
https://twitter.com/kjvids2016 We hope you enjoyed and learn't something new from our video. You can help us make more videos by supporting our crowdfunding campaign; Would you like to support our channel?
If you enjoyed or learnt something from this video, you may kindly support our crowdfunding campaign on www.fundmyvideo.com/kjvids
Fund My Video enables video creators to recover costs for their videos, which are much higher than any revenues they receive for most channels. Most YouTubers make videos as a hobby and spend dozens of hours editing videos for little in return. Your contributions towards this channel will significantly help us create more content with even better quality.
Many thanks for your support.
For business and other enquiries please email info@kjvids.co.uk Links we want you to check out;
KJ VidsBook Store - http://kjvids.co.uk/books
Patreon Club - https://www.patreon.com/kjvids
Fund My Video Page - https://www.fundmyvideo.com/kjvids

15:01

Allende and Pinochet in Chile | The 20th century | World history | Khan Academy

Allende and Pinochet in Chile | The 20th century | World history | Khan Academy

Allende and Pinochet in Chile | The 20th century | World history | Khan Academy

Outline of the 1973AllendeCoup in Chile and Pinochet's Junta (this video under CC-BY-SA). Created by Sal Khan.
Watch the next lesson: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/euro-hist/cold-war/v/pattern-of-us-cold-war-interventions?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=worldhistory
Missed the previous lesson? https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/euro-hist/cold-war/v/vietnam-war?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=worldhistory
World history on Khan Academy: From the earliest civilizations to the modern world, geography, religion, trade, and politics have bound peoples and nations together — and torn them apart. Take a journey through time and space and discover the fascinating history behind the complex world we inhabit today.
About Khan Academy: Khan Academy offers practice exercises, instructional videos, and a personalized learning dashboard that empower learners to study at their own pace in and outside of the classroom. We tackle math, science, computer programming, history, art history, economics, and more. Our math missions guide learners from kindergarten to calculus using state-of-the-art, adaptive technology that identifies strengths and learning gaps. We've also partnered with institutions like NASA, The Museum of Modern Art, The California Academy of Sciences, and MIT to offer specialized content.
For free. For everyone. Forever. #YouCanLearnAnything
Subscribe to Khan Academy’s World History channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6KRvvmvkCchFMo2EJ-3Arg?sub_confirmation=1
Subscribe to Khan Academy: https://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=khanacademy

The U.S. and the Overthrow of the Chilean Government: A Declassified Dossier (2003)

The U.S. and the Overthrow of the Chilean Government: A Declassified Dossier (2003)

The U.S. and the Overthrow of the Chilean Government: A Declassified Dossier (2003)

The Pinochet File is a National Security Archive book written by Peter Kornbluh. About the book: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1595589120/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=1595589120&linkCode=as2&tag=tra0c7-20&linkId=1d959dd17cd007404c0cabadd73105ad
It covers over approximately two decades of declassified documents, from the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), White House, and United States Department of State, regarding American covert activities in Chile. It is based on more than 24,000 previously classified documents that were released as part of the Chilean Declassification Project during the Clinton administration, between June 1999 and June 2000.
The Pinochet File was selected as one of "The BestBooks of 2003" in the nonfiction category by the Los Angeles Times. The New Yorker said, "The evidence that Kornbluh has gathered is overwhelming." in its review. The Newsweek review of The Pinochet File describes it as "...actually two distinct but intersecting books. The first is a narrative account of the Nixon administration's involvement in Chile. Its mission was to make sure that Allende's election in 1970 didn't serve as a model for leftist candidates elsewhere. The second consists of the reproduction of hundreds of salient intelligence documents released in 1999 and 2000 in response to requests by President Bill Clinton."
The inclusion of key source documents allows the reader not only to corroborate Kornbluh's findings, but to acquire a flavor of the extent of U.S. covert activities within Chile, and to understand the tenor of conversation in the White House and CIA regarding Salvador Allende's presidency. While the U.S. claimed to support Chile and its democratic election process, the documents show intricate and extensive attempts first to prevent Allende from being elected, and then to overthrow him with a coup d'état. The coup d'état required first removing the commander in chief of the Chilean armed forces (GeneralRené Schneider), who opposed military interference in political situations; he was assassinated by CIA-funded coup plotters (retired General Roberto Viaux and active duty General Camilo Valenzuela). OnceAugusto Pinochet took power, his human rights violations were tolerated, even though the U.S. knew that thousands of people had been detained and American citizensCharles Horman and Frank Teruggi murdered. The CIA fostered an extensive cover-up of its involvement in fomenting the coup, including dissembling to the Church Committee. The White House also withheld key documents. Subsequently, the role of the US in this period of history was not correctly understood based solely on the findings released at that time. Furthermore, extensive black propaganda, especially in El Mercurio, shaped world perceptions of Allende, essentially painting him as a Communist pawn and portraying the wreckage of the Chilean economy as due to his decisions. In contrast, the declassified documents show that Richard Nixon enacted an "invisible blockade" in concert with American multinational corporations and international banking organizations, which were pressured to withhold loan refinancing. Consequently, much of the history that has been written without access to these documents may need to be reexamined, as Kornbluh discusses in the book's introduction:
Indeed, the documents contain new information on virtually every major issue, episode, and scandal that pockmark this controversial era. They cover events such as Project FUBELT, the CIA's covert action to block Salvador Allende from becoming president of Chile in the fall of 1970; the assassination of Chilean commander-in-chief René Schneider; U.S. strategy and operations to destabilize the Allende government; the degree of American support for the coup; the postcoup executions of American citizens; the origins and operations of Pinochet's secret police, DINA, CIA ties to DINA chief Manuel Contreras, Operation Condor, the terrorist car-bombing of Orlando Letelier and Ronni Moffitt in Washington, D.C., the murder by burning of Washington resident Rodrigo Rojas, and Pinochet's final efforts to thwart a transition to civilian rule.
The inclusion of key source documents provide a rare behind-the-scenes view of covert regime change in operation. Key documents from the CIA, United States National Security Council (NSC), White House, DIA, and State Department were declassified in the year 2000. The more than 24,000 records correspond to an average of about three records per day gathered over two decades and Kornbluh’s analysis was not complete and in print until 2003.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pinochet_File
Image By Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Chile. [CC BY2.0 cl (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/cl/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons

CIA, Chile & Allende

Cameraman Leonardo Henrichsen filmed his own death, Chile 1973

29th June 1973 in Santiago de Chile. Leonardo Henrichsen, a SwedishArgentinean cameraman working for SVT, Sucesos Argentinos, and NBC was outside La Moneda, the presidential palace, trying to film an attempted military coup against PresidentSalvador Allende.
An old truck stops across the street and a soldier gets out and starts to shoot into the air. Henrichsen's lens zooms in the soldier, who aims the pistol directly at him. Shouting, shots, chaos, and moments later, Leonardo lays sprawled on the pavement, while his camera points up at a blank sky. A soldier rushes over to him, grabs the camera, yanks out a reel of film and destroys it, unaware that there is a second chamber with six minutes of exposed film inside.
Henrichsen dies before he arrives at the hospital. This is witnessed by Eduardo Labarca, a Chilean journalist. He saw the soldier throwing the camera out into a sewer and managed to recover it two days later. The 16mmEclair camera was still in one piece and the exposed film was intact. Henrichsen's images were smuggled out of the country and broadcast around the world.
Source: http://www.wgfilm.com/english/productions/coproductions/finalimage/

War on Democracy - US backed 1973 coup in Chile

People made prisoners in Chile when Pinochet took power talk about what happened, and how they were tortured.

published: 21 Aug 2007

September 11th, 1973

Footage from the 2004 Chilean movie "Machuca"
On september 11th, 1973, A US government (and corporation) backed military coup in Chile ousted democratically elected PresidentSalvador Allende and ended South America's oldest constitutional democracy.
Allende was considered the worlds first democratically elected marxist leader and embarked on far reaching social and economic reforms in chile. This led to hostilities with Chiles wealthy elite as well as the united states.
After the coup, the military maintained control of Chile under the leadership of General Augusto Pinochet, one of history's most infamous dictators. During his authoritarian right-wing rule, thousands died and countless more imprisoned for both their political beliefs, and their economic class.
Chile remained in thi...

Allende and Pinochet in Chile | The 20th century | World history | Khan Academy

Outline of the 1973AllendeCoup in Chile and Pinochet's Junta (this video under CC-BY-SA). Created by Sal Khan.
Watch the next lesson: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/euro-hist/cold-war/v/pattern-of-us-cold-war-interventions?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=worldhistory
Missed the previous lesson? https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/euro-hist/cold-war/v/vietnam-war?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=worldhistory
World history on Khan Academy: From the earliest civilizations to the modern world, geography, religion, trade, and politics have bound peoples and nations together — and torn them apart. Take a journey through time and space and discover the fascinating history behind the complex world we inhabit today.
About Khan Academ...

CIA, Chile & Allende

Cameraman Leonardo Henrichsen filmed his own death, Chile 1973

29th June 1973 in Santiago de Chile. Leonardo Henrichsen, a SwedishArgentinean cameraman working for SVT, Sucesos Argentinos, and NBC was outside La Moneda, the presidential palace, trying to film an attempted military coup against PresidentSalvador Allende.
An old truck stops across the street and a soldier gets out and starts to shoot into the air. Henrichsen's lens zooms in the soldier, who aims the pistol directly at him. Shouting, shots, chaos, and moments later, Leonardo lays sprawled on the pavement, while his camera points up at a blank sky. A soldier rushes over to him, grabs the camera, yanks out a reel of film and destroys it, unaware that there is a second chamber with six minutes of exposed film inside.
Henrichsen dies before he arrives at the hospital. This is witnessed b...

Footage from the 2004 Chilean movie "Machuca"
On september 11th, 1973, A US government (and corporation) backed military coup in Chile ousted democratically elected PresidentSalvador Allende and ended South America's oldest constitutional democracy.
Allende was considered the worlds first democratically elected marxist leader and embarked on far reaching social and economic reforms in chile. This led to hostilities with Chiles wealthy elite as well as the united states.
After the coup, the military maintained control of Chile under the leadership of General Augusto Pinochet, one of history's most infamous dictators. During his authoritarian right-wing rule, thousands died and countless more imprisoned for both their political beliefs, and their economic class.
Chile remained in this dark shadow until a new government was formed in 1990.
declassified U.S. documents have revealed that the Chilean military was both supported and funded by the U.S. government in the coup.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_FUBELT)
The American CompanyITT has also been found to have assisted in the coupe financially to protect their economic interests.
I believe this is one of the more important (and overlooked) moments in both U.S. and world history. I hope you all learn something from this video.
And I hope that you realize that regardless of your political leanings, what happened in Chile in 1973 was wrong, and nothing like that should ever happen again.
Edit: Comments are disabled because they became infected with literal Nazis. Go advocate mass murder somewhere else you pieces of human garbage.

Footage from the 2004 Chilean movie "Machuca"
On september 11th, 1973, A US government (and corporation) backed military coup in Chile ousted democratically elected PresidentSalvador Allende and ended South America's oldest constitutional democracy.
Allende was considered the worlds first democratically elected marxist leader and embarked on far reaching social and economic reforms in chile. This led to hostilities with Chiles wealthy elite as well as the united states.
After the coup, the military maintained control of Chile under the leadership of General Augusto Pinochet, one of history's most infamous dictators. During his authoritarian right-wing rule, thousands died and countless more imprisoned for both their political beliefs, and their economic class.
Chile remained in this dark shadow until a new government was formed in 1990.
declassified U.S. documents have revealed that the Chilean military was both supported and funded by the U.S. government in the coup.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_FUBELT)
The American CompanyITT has also been found to have assisted in the coupe financially to protect their economic interests.
I believe this is one of the more important (and overlooked) moments in both U.S. and world history. I hope you all learn something from this video.
And I hope that you realize that regardless of your political leanings, what happened in Chile in 1973 was wrong, and nothing like that should ever happen again.
Edit: Comments are disabled because they became infected with literal Nazis. Go advocate mass murder somewhere else you pieces of human garbage.

The 1973 Chilean coup d'état was a watershed event in the history of Chile and the Cold War. On 11 September1973, the democratically elected PresidentSalvador Allende was overthrown in a coup d'état organised by the Chilean military. A military junta took control of the government, composed of the heads of the Air Force, Navy, Carabineros (police force) and the Army led by General Augusto Pinochet.[1] Pinochet later assumed power and ended Allende's democratically elected Popular Unity government.[2][3]
During the air raids and ground attacks that preceded the coup, Allende gave his last speech where he vowed to stay in the presidential palace.[4] Direct witness accounts of his death agree that he committed suicide in the presidential palace.[5][6] After the coup Pinochet established a military dictatorship that ruled Chile until 1990 and that was marked by severe human rights violations. A weak insurgence movement against the Pinochet government was maintained inside Chile by elements sympathetic to the former Allende government.

The 1973 Chilean coup d'état was a watershed event in the history of Chile and the Cold War. On 11 September1973, the democratically elected PresidentSalvador Allende was overthrown in a coup d'état organised by the Chilean military. A military junta took control of the government, composed of the heads of the Air Force, Navy, Carabineros (police force) and the Army led by General Augusto Pinochet.[1] Pinochet later assumed power and ended Allende's democratically elected Popular Unity government.[2][3]
During the air raids and ground attacks that preceded the coup, Allende gave his last speech where he vowed to stay in the presidential palace.[4] Direct witness accounts of his death agree that he committed suicide in the presidential palace.[5][6] After the coup Pinochet established a military dictatorship that ruled Chile until 1990 and that was marked by severe human rights violations. A weak insurgence movement against the Pinochet government was maintained inside Chile by elements sympathetic to the former Allende government.

1973 Chilean coup d'étatDemocratically elected in 1970, Chilean PresidentSalvador Allende was pushing forward his “Chilean way to socialism”
Land reforms and even free milk for children were being introduced
The newGovernment also attempted to nationalise Chile’s lucrative copper mines which were mostly owned by US firms.
The US firms were compensated much more than their book value. But this wasn’t good enough for the US
In 2014, a series of declassified US documents revealed how Richard Nixon’s admin was running a campaign to destabilise Allende’s Government
One section showed how the US copper companies in Chile had been complaining of increasing tax pressure and their worries about nationalisation.
To Chileans, the US firm Anaconda symbolised American dependency. It was considered by most to be a foreign state within a state
With a covert action budget assigned, the CIA’s operation was described as a “program to hamstring Allende and play for the breaks”
Eventually a military coup in 1973 backed by America paved the way for Augusto Pinochet to take full control within a year.
Pinochet launched a wave of brutal purges against remaining opponents
In order to burnish the new Junta’s image at home and abroad, the CIA co-produced a “White book of the change of Government in Chile”
The book effectively whitewashed the general by blackening the President he overthrew in 1973, Salvador Allende
This coup was merely another American counter-revolutionary strategy which has been demonstrated in other parts of the world.
Please donate to our channel for bigger and better videos at https://www.gofundme.com/morekjvids
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1973 Chilean coup d'étatDemocratically elected in 1970, Chilean PresidentSalvador Allende was pushing forward his “Chilean way to socialism”
Land reforms and even free milk for children were being introduced
The newGovernment also attempted to nationalise Chile’s lucrative copper mines which were mostly owned by US firms.
The US firms were compensated much more than their book value. But this wasn’t good enough for the US
In 2014, a series of declassified US documents revealed how Richard Nixon’s admin was running a campaign to destabilise Allende’s Government
One section showed how the US copper companies in Chile had been complaining of increasing tax pressure and their worries about nationalisation.
To Chileans, the US firm Anaconda symbolised American dependency. It was considered by most to be a foreign state within a state
With a covert action budget assigned, the CIA’s operation was described as a “program to hamstring Allende and play for the breaks”
Eventually a military coup in 1973 backed by America paved the way for Augusto Pinochet to take full control within a year.
Pinochet launched a wave of brutal purges against remaining opponents
In order to burnish the new Junta’s image at home and abroad, the CIA co-produced a “White book of the change of Government in Chile”
The book effectively whitewashed the general by blackening the President he overthrew in 1973, Salvador Allende
This coup was merely another American counter-revolutionary strategy which has been demonstrated in other parts of the world.
Please donate to our channel for bigger and better videos at https://www.gofundme.com/morekjvids
Sign up to our website and submit video suggestions:
www.kjvids.co.uk
Like our Facebook page for exclusive updates:
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If you enjoyed or learnt something from this video, you may kindly support our crowdfunding campaign on www.fundmyvideo.com/kjvids
Fund My Video enables video creators to recover costs for their videos, which are much higher than any revenues they receive for most channels. Most YouTubers make videos as a hobby and spend dozens of hours editing videos for little in return. Your contributions towards this channel will significantly help us create more content with even better quality.
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Outline of the 1973AllendeCoup in Chile and Pinochet's Junta (this video under CC-BY-SA). Created by Sal Khan.
Watch the next lesson: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/euro-hist/cold-war/v/pattern-of-us-cold-war-interventions?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=worldhistory
Missed the previous lesson? https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/euro-hist/cold-war/v/vietnam-war?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=worldhistory
World history on Khan Academy: From the earliest civilizations to the modern world, geography, religion, trade, and politics have bound peoples and nations together — and torn them apart. Take a journey through time and space and discover the fascinating history behind the complex world we inhabit today.
About Khan Academy: Khan Academy offers practice exercises, instructional videos, and a personalized learning dashboard that empower learners to study at their own pace in and outside of the classroom. We tackle math, science, computer programming, history, art history, economics, and more. Our math missions guide learners from kindergarten to calculus using state-of-the-art, adaptive technology that identifies strengths and learning gaps. We've also partnered with institutions like NASA, The Museum of Modern Art, The California Academy of Sciences, and MIT to offer specialized content.
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Outline of the 1973AllendeCoup in Chile and Pinochet's Junta (this video under CC-BY-SA). Created by Sal Khan.
Watch the next lesson: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/euro-hist/cold-war/v/pattern-of-us-cold-war-interventions?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=worldhistory
Missed the previous lesson? https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/euro-hist/cold-war/v/vietnam-war?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=worldhistory
World history on Khan Academy: From the earliest civilizations to the modern world, geography, religion, trade, and politics have bound peoples and nations together — and torn them apart. Take a journey through time and space and discover the fascinating history behind the complex world we inhabit today.
About Khan Academy: Khan Academy offers practice exercises, instructional videos, and a personalized learning dashboard that empower learners to study at their own pace in and outside of the classroom. We tackle math, science, computer programming, history, art history, economics, and more. Our math missions guide learners from kindergarten to calculus using state-of-the-art, adaptive technology that identifies strengths and learning gaps. We've also partnered with institutions like NASA, The Museum of Modern Art, The California Academy of Sciences, and MIT to offer specialized content.
For free. For everyone. Forever. #YouCanLearnAnything
Subscribe to Khan Academy’s World History channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6KRvvmvkCchFMo2EJ-3Arg?sub_confirmation=1
Subscribe to Khan Academy: https://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=khanacademy

The Pinochet File is a National Security Archive book written by Peter Kornbluh. About the book: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1595589120/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=1595589120&linkCode=as2&tag=tra0c7-20&linkId=1d959dd17cd007404c0cabadd73105ad
It covers over approximately two decades of declassified documents, from the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), White House, and United States Department of State, regarding American covert activities in Chile. It is based on more than 24,000 previously classified documents that were released as part of the Chilean Declassification Project during the Clinton administration, between June 1999 and June 2000.
The Pinochet File was selected as one of "The BestBooks of 2003" in the nonfiction category by the Los Angeles Times. The New Yorker said, "The evidence that Kornbluh has gathered is overwhelming." in its review. The Newsweek review of The Pinochet File describes it as "...actually two distinct but intersecting books. The first is a narrative account of the Nixon administration's involvement in Chile. Its mission was to make sure that Allende's election in 1970 didn't serve as a model for leftist candidates elsewhere. The second consists of the reproduction of hundreds of salient intelligence documents released in 1999 and 2000 in response to requests by President Bill Clinton."
The inclusion of key source documents allows the reader not only to corroborate Kornbluh's findings, but to acquire a flavor of the extent of U.S. covert activities within Chile, and to understand the tenor of conversation in the White House and CIA regarding Salvador Allende's presidency. While the U.S. claimed to support Chile and its democratic election process, the documents show intricate and extensive attempts first to prevent Allende from being elected, and then to overthrow him with a coup d'état. The coup d'état required first removing the commander in chief of the Chilean armed forces (GeneralRené Schneider), who opposed military interference in political situations; he was assassinated by CIA-funded coup plotters (retired General Roberto Viaux and active duty General Camilo Valenzuela). OnceAugusto Pinochet took power, his human rights violations were tolerated, even though the U.S. knew that thousands of people had been detained and American citizensCharles Horman and Frank Teruggi murdered. The CIA fostered an extensive cover-up of its involvement in fomenting the coup, including dissembling to the Church Committee. The White House also withheld key documents. Subsequently, the role of the US in this period of history was not correctly understood based solely on the findings released at that time. Furthermore, extensive black propaganda, especially in El Mercurio, shaped world perceptions of Allende, essentially painting him as a Communist pawn and portraying the wreckage of the Chilean economy as due to his decisions. In contrast, the declassified documents show that Richard Nixon enacted an "invisible blockade" in concert with American multinational corporations and international banking organizations, which were pressured to withhold loan refinancing. Consequently, much of the history that has been written without access to these documents may need to be reexamined, as Kornbluh discusses in the book's introduction:
Indeed, the documents contain new information on virtually every major issue, episode, and scandal that pockmark this controversial era. They cover events such as Project FUBELT, the CIA's covert action to block Salvador Allende from becoming president of Chile in the fall of 1970; the assassination of Chilean commander-in-chief René Schneider; U.S. strategy and operations to destabilize the Allende government; the degree of American support for the coup; the postcoup executions of American citizens; the origins and operations of Pinochet's secret police, DINA, CIA ties to DINA chief Manuel Contreras, Operation Condor, the terrorist car-bombing of Orlando Letelier and Ronni Moffitt in Washington, D.C., the murder by burning of Washington resident Rodrigo Rojas, and Pinochet's final efforts to thwart a transition to civilian rule.
The inclusion of key source documents provide a rare behind-the-scenes view of covert regime change in operation. Key documents from the CIA, United States National Security Council (NSC), White House, DIA, and State Department were declassified in the year 2000. The more than 24,000 records correspond to an average of about three records per day gathered over two decades and Kornbluh’s analysis was not complete and in print until 2003.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pinochet_File
Image By Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Chile. [CC BY2.0 cl (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/cl/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons

The Pinochet File is a National Security Archive book written by Peter Kornbluh. About the book: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1595589120/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=1595589120&linkCode=as2&tag=tra0c7-20&linkId=1d959dd17cd007404c0cabadd73105ad
It covers over approximately two decades of declassified documents, from the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), White House, and United States Department of State, regarding American covert activities in Chile. It is based on more than 24,000 previously classified documents that were released as part of the Chilean Declassification Project during the Clinton administration, between June 1999 and June 2000.
The Pinochet File was selected as one of "The BestBooks of 2003" in the nonfiction category by the Los Angeles Times. The New Yorker said, "The evidence that Kornbluh has gathered is overwhelming." in its review. The Newsweek review of The Pinochet File describes it as "...actually two distinct but intersecting books. The first is a narrative account of the Nixon administration's involvement in Chile. Its mission was to make sure that Allende's election in 1970 didn't serve as a model for leftist candidates elsewhere. The second consists of the reproduction of hundreds of salient intelligence documents released in 1999 and 2000 in response to requests by President Bill Clinton."
The inclusion of key source documents allows the reader not only to corroborate Kornbluh's findings, but to acquire a flavor of the extent of U.S. covert activities within Chile, and to understand the tenor of conversation in the White House and CIA regarding Salvador Allende's presidency. While the U.S. claimed to support Chile and its democratic election process, the documents show intricate and extensive attempts first to prevent Allende from being elected, and then to overthrow him with a coup d'état. The coup d'état required first removing the commander in chief of the Chilean armed forces (GeneralRené Schneider), who opposed military interference in political situations; he was assassinated by CIA-funded coup plotters (retired General Roberto Viaux and active duty General Camilo Valenzuela). OnceAugusto Pinochet took power, his human rights violations were tolerated, even though the U.S. knew that thousands of people had been detained and American citizensCharles Horman and Frank Teruggi murdered. The CIA fostered an extensive cover-up of its involvement in fomenting the coup, including dissembling to the Church Committee. The White House also withheld key documents. Subsequently, the role of the US in this period of history was not correctly understood based solely on the findings released at that time. Furthermore, extensive black propaganda, especially in El Mercurio, shaped world perceptions of Allende, essentially painting him as a Communist pawn and portraying the wreckage of the Chilean economy as due to his decisions. In contrast, the declassified documents show that Richard Nixon enacted an "invisible blockade" in concert with American multinational corporations and international banking organizations, which were pressured to withhold loan refinancing. Consequently, much of the history that has been written without access to these documents may need to be reexamined, as Kornbluh discusses in the book's introduction:
Indeed, the documents contain new information on virtually every major issue, episode, and scandal that pockmark this controversial era. They cover events such as Project FUBELT, the CIA's covert action to block Salvador Allende from becoming president of Chile in the fall of 1970; the assassination of Chilean commander-in-chief René Schneider; U.S. strategy and operations to destabilize the Allende government; the degree of American support for the coup; the postcoup executions of American citizens; the origins and operations of Pinochet's secret police, DINA, CIA ties to DINA chief Manuel Contreras, Operation Condor, the terrorist car-bombing of Orlando Letelier and Ronni Moffitt in Washington, D.C., the murder by burning of Washington resident Rodrigo Rojas, and Pinochet's final efforts to thwart a transition to civilian rule.
The inclusion of key source documents provide a rare behind-the-scenes view of covert regime change in operation. Key documents from the CIA, United States National Security Council (NSC), White House, DIA, and State Department were declassified in the year 2000. The more than 24,000 records correspond to an average of about three records per day gathered over two decades and Kornbluh’s analysis was not complete and in print until 2003.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pinochet_File
Image By Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Chile. [CC BY2.0 cl (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/cl/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons

29th June 1973 in Santiago de Chile. Leonardo Henrichsen, a SwedishArgentinean cameraman working for SVT, Sucesos Argentinos, and NBC was outside La Moneda, the presidential palace, trying to film an attempted military coup against PresidentSalvador Allende.
An old truck stops across the street and a soldier gets out and starts to shoot into the air. Henrichsen's lens zooms in the soldier, who aims the pistol directly at him. Shouting, shots, chaos, and moments later, Leonardo lays sprawled on the pavement, while his camera points up at a blank sky. A soldier rushes over to him, grabs the camera, yanks out a reel of film and destroys it, unaware that there is a second chamber with six minutes of exposed film inside.
Henrichsen dies before he arrives at the hospital. This is witnessed by Eduardo Labarca, a Chilean journalist. He saw the soldier throwing the camera out into a sewer and managed to recover it two days later. The 16mmEclair camera was still in one piece and the exposed film was intact. Henrichsen's images were smuggled out of the country and broadcast around the world.
Source: http://www.wgfilm.com/english/productions/coproductions/finalimage/

29th June 1973 in Santiago de Chile. Leonardo Henrichsen, a SwedishArgentinean cameraman working for SVT, Sucesos Argentinos, and NBC was outside La Moneda, the presidential palace, trying to film an attempted military coup against PresidentSalvador Allende.
An old truck stops across the street and a soldier gets out and starts to shoot into the air. Henrichsen's lens zooms in the soldier, who aims the pistol directly at him. Shouting, shots, chaos, and moments later, Leonardo lays sprawled on the pavement, while his camera points up at a blank sky. A soldier rushes over to him, grabs the camera, yanks out a reel of film and destroys it, unaware that there is a second chamber with six minutes of exposed film inside.
Henrichsen dies before he arrives at the hospital. This is witnessed by Eduardo Labarca, a Chilean journalist. He saw the soldier throwing the camera out into a sewer and managed to recover it two days later. The 16mmEclair camera was still in one piece and the exposed film was intact. Henrichsen's images were smuggled out of the country and broadcast around the world.
Source: http://www.wgfilm.com/english/productions/coproductions/finalimage/

September 11th, 1973

Footage from the 2004 Chilean movie "Machuca"
On september 11th, 1973, A US government (and corporation) backed military coup in Chile ousted democratically elected PresidentSalvador Allende and ended South America's oldest constitutional democracy.
Allende was considered the worlds first democratically elected marxist leader and embarked on far reaching social and economic reforms in chile. This led to hostilities with Chiles wealthy elite as well as the united states.
After the coup, the military maintained control of Chile under the leadership of General Augusto Pinochet, one of history's most infamous dictators. During his authoritarian right-wing rule, thousands died and countless more imprisoned for both their political beliefs, and their economic class.
Chile remained in this dark shadow until a new government was formed in 1990.
declassified U.S. documents have revealed that the Chilean military was both supported and funded by the U.S. government in the coup.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_FUBELT)
The American CompanyITT has also been found to have assisted in the coupe financially to protect their economic interests.
I believe this is one of the more important (and overlooked) moments in both U.S. and world history. I hope you all learn something from this video.
And I hope that you realize that regardless of your political leanings, what happened in Chile in 1973 was wrong, and nothing like that should ever happen again.
Edit: Comments are disabled because they became infected with literal Nazis. Go advocate mass murder somewhere else you pieces of human garbage.

The Overthrow of Democratic Chile Part 1 (Salvador Allende)

The 1973 Chilean coup d'état was a watershed event in the history of Chile and the Cold War. On 11 September1973, the democratically elected PresidentSalvador Allende was overthrown in a coup d'état organised by the Chilean military. A military junta took control of the government, composed of the heads of the Air Force, Navy, Carabineros (police force) and the Army led by General Augusto Pinochet.[1] Pinochet later assumed power and ended Allende's democratically elected Popular Unity government.[2][3]
During the air raids and ground attacks that preceded the coup, Allende gave his last speech where he vowed to stay in the presidential palace.[4] Direct witness accounts of his death agree that he committed suicide in the presidential palace.[5][6] After the coup Pinochet established a military dictatorship that ruled Chile until 1990 and that was marked by severe human rights violations. A weak insurgence movement against the Pinochet government was maintained inside Chile by elements sympathetic to the former Allende government.

1973 Chilean Coup D'état

1973 Chilean coup d'étatDemocratically elected in 1970, Chilean PresidentSalvador Allende was pushing forward his “Chilean way to socialism”
Land reforms and even free milk for children were being introduced
The newGovernment also attempted to nationalise Chile’s lucrative copper mines which were mostly owned by US firms.
The US firms were compensated much more than their book value. But this wasn’t good enough for the US
In 2014, a series of declassified US documents revealed how Richard Nixon’s admin was running a campaign to destabilise Allende’s Government
One section showed how the US copper companies in Chile had been complaining of increasing tax pressure and their worries about nationalisation.
To Chileans, the US firm Anaconda symbolised American dependency. It was considered by most to be a foreign state within a state
With a covert action budget assigned, the CIA’s operation was described as a “program to hamstring Allende and play for the breaks”
Eventually a military coup in 1973 backed by America paved the way for Augusto Pinochet to take full control within a year.
Pinochet launched a wave of brutal purges against remaining opponents
In order to burnish the new Junta’s image at home and abroad, the CIA co-produced a “White book of the change of Government in Chile”
The book effectively whitewashed the general by blackening the President he overthrew in 1973, Salvador Allende
This coup was merely another American counter-revolutionary strategy which has been demonstrated in other parts of the world.
Please donate to our channel for bigger and better videos at https://www.gofundme.com/morekjvids
Sign up to our website and submit video suggestions:
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If you enjoyed or learnt something from this video, you may kindly support our crowdfunding campaign on www.fundmyvideo.com/kjvids
Fund My Video enables video creators to recover costs for their videos, which are much higher than any revenues they receive for most channels. Most YouTubers make videos as a hobby and spend dozens of hours editing videos for little in return. Your contributions towards this channel will significantly help us create more content with even better quality.
Many thanks for your support.
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Allende and Pinochet in Chile | The 20th century | World history | Khan Academy

Outline of the 1973AllendeCoup in Chile and Pinochet's Junta (this video under CC-BY-SA). Created by Sal Khan.
Watch the next lesson: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/euro-hist/cold-war/v/pattern-of-us-cold-war-interventions?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=worldhistory
Missed the previous lesson? https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/euro-hist/cold-war/v/vietnam-war?utm_source=YT&utm_medium=Desc&utm_campaign=worldhistory
World history on Khan Academy: From the earliest civilizations to the modern world, geography, religion, trade, and politics have bound peoples and nations together — and torn them apart. Take a journey through time and space and discover the fascinating history behind the complex world we inhabit today.
About Khan Academy: Khan Academy offers practice exercises, instructional videos, and a personalized learning dashboard that empower learners to study at their own pace in and outside of the classroom. We tackle math, science, computer programming, history, art history, economics, and more. Our math missions guide learners from kindergarten to calculus using state-of-the-art, adaptive technology that identifies strengths and learning gaps. We've also partnered with institutions like NASA, The Museum of Modern Art, The California Academy of Sciences, and MIT to offer specialized content.
For free. For everyone. Forever. #YouCanLearnAnything
Subscribe to Khan Academy’s World History channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6KRvvmvkCchFMo2EJ-3Arg?sub_confirmation=1
Subscribe to Khan Academy: https://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=khanacademy

The U.S. and the Overthrow of the Chilean Government: A Declassified Dossier (2003)

The Pinochet File is a National Security Archive book written by Peter Kornbluh. About the book: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1595589120/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=1595589120&linkCode=as2&tag=tra0c7-20&linkId=1d959dd17cd007404c0cabadd73105ad
It covers over approximately two decades of declassified documents, from the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), White House, and United States Department of State, regarding American covert activities in Chile. It is based on more than 24,000 previously classified documents that were released as part of the Chilean Declassification Project during the Clinton administration, between June 1999 and June 2000.
The Pinochet File was selected as one of "The BestBooks of 2003" in the nonfiction category by the Los Angeles Times. The New Yorker said, "The evidence that Kornbluh has gathered is overwhelming." in its review. The Newsweek review of The Pinochet File describes it as "...actually two distinct but intersecting books. The first is a narrative account of the Nixon administration's involvement in Chile. Its mission was to make sure that Allende's election in 1970 didn't serve as a model for leftist candidates elsewhere. The second consists of the reproduction of hundreds of salient intelligence documents released in 1999 and 2000 in response to requests by President Bill Clinton."
The inclusion of key source documents allows the reader not only to corroborate Kornbluh's findings, but to acquire a flavor of the extent of U.S. covert activities within Chile, and to understand the tenor of conversation in the White House and CIA regarding Salvador Allende's presidency. While the U.S. claimed to support Chile and its democratic election process, the documents show intricate and extensive attempts first to prevent Allende from being elected, and then to overthrow him with a coup d'état. The coup d'état required first removing the commander in chief of the Chilean armed forces (GeneralRené Schneider), who opposed military interference in political situations; he was assassinated by CIA-funded coup plotters (retired General Roberto Viaux and active duty General Camilo Valenzuela). OnceAugusto Pinochet took power, his human rights violations were tolerated, even though the U.S. knew that thousands of people had been detained and American citizensCharles Horman and Frank Teruggi murdered. The CIA fostered an extensive cover-up of its involvement in fomenting the coup, including dissembling to the Church Committee. The White House also withheld key documents. Subsequently, the role of the US in this period of history was not correctly understood based solely on the findings released at that time. Furthermore, extensive black propaganda, especially in El Mercurio, shaped world perceptions of Allende, essentially painting him as a Communist pawn and portraying the wreckage of the Chilean economy as due to his decisions. In contrast, the declassified documents show that Richard Nixon enacted an "invisible blockade" in concert with American multinational corporations and international banking organizations, which were pressured to withhold loan refinancing. Consequently, much of the history that has been written without access to these documents may need to be reexamined, as Kornbluh discusses in the book's introduction:
Indeed, the documents contain new information on virtually every major issue, episode, and scandal that pockmark this controversial era. They cover events such as Project FUBELT, the CIA's covert action to block Salvador Allende from becoming president of Chile in the fall of 1970; the assassination of Chilean commander-in-chief René Schneider; U.S. strategy and operations to destabilize the Allende government; the degree of American support for the coup; the postcoup executions of American citizens; the origins and operations of Pinochet's secret police, DINA, CIA ties to DINA chief Manuel Contreras, Operation Condor, the terrorist car-bombing of Orlando Letelier and Ronni Moffitt in Washington, D.C., the murder by burning of Washington resident Rodrigo Rojas, and Pinochet's final efforts to thwart a transition to civilian rule.
The inclusion of key source documents provide a rare behind-the-scenes view of covert regime change in operation. Key documents from the CIA, United States National Security Council (NSC), White House, DIA, and State Department were declassified in the year 2000. The more than 24,000 records correspond to an average of about three records per day gathered over two decades and Kornbluh’s analysis was not complete and in print until 2003.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pinochet_File
Image By Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Chile. [CC BY2.0 cl (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/cl/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons

The military deposed Allende's Popular Unity government and established a junta that suspended all political activity in the country and repressed left-wing movements, especially the communist and socialist parties and the Revolutionary Left Movement (MIR). Allende's appointed army chief, Augusto Pinochet, rose to supreme power within a year of the coup, formally assuming power in late 1974. The United States government, which had worked to create the conditions for the coup, promptly recognized the junta government and supported it in consolidating power.

During the air raids and ground attacks that preceded the coup, Allende gave his last speech, in which he vowed to stay in the presidential palace, denouncing offers for safe passage should he choose exile over confrontation. Direct witness accounts of Allende's death agree that he committed suicide in the palace.