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Ping (Packet Internet Groper) operates by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) xx1T echo request packets to the target host and waiting for an echo reply. In this process it measures the round-trip time and records any packet loss. The results of the test are shown in form of a numerical summary of the response packets received, including the min, max and the mean round-trip times.Ping is a computer network administration utility used to test the reachability of a host on an IP network and to measure the round-trip time for the packets sent from the scource to a destination.

Eg. For Linux
For Windows

The principle also can be used to check response time for other protocols, which may be necessary if ICMP is blocked.

- ping:PING(Packet Internet Groper) is used to test the connection of a network. Ping sends a ICMP(Internet Control Message Protocol) echo to destination to check whether it will receive the required response to test the rate and delay. It can be used to check whether a link is connected or not and get the time delay of transmitting data between two hosts. The format of ping is ping [-t][-a][-n count][-l length][-f][-i ttl][-v tos][-r count][-s count][[-j computer-list]|[-k computer-list][-w timeout] destination-list. For example, we use ping to test a website. “ping www.google.com” we can get that:

Ping www.google.com [74.125.237.114] with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 74.125.237.114: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=55

Reply from 74.125.237.114: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=55

Reply from 74.125.237.114: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=55

Reply from 74.125.237.114: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=55

Ping statistics for 74.125.237.114:

Packet: sent = 4, received = 4, lost = 0 (0% loss).

Approximate round trip time in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 2ms, maximum = 8ms, average = 4ms

The default number of sending echo packet is 4 and the length of echo packet is 32 bytes(the maximum is 65527 bytes). Time = 2ms is the response time, the smaller the faster we connect the website.

- hping: hping is a useful packet generator and analyzer for TCP/IP. It can not only send ICMP echo request but also support TCP, UDP, ICMP and RAW-IP protocol. It is used to test firewalls, scan ports, test network, manual path MTU(maximum transmission unit) discovery and audit TCP/IP stacks, fingerprint remote OS, guess remote uptime, etc.