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Trump Says ‘Go Nuclear’ as Democrats Brace for Gorsuch Fight

WASHINGTON — President Trump, seeming to relish a fight with Democrats over his nominee for the Supreme Court, on Wednesday encouraged the Senate majority leader, Mitch McConnell, Republican of Kentucky, to invoke the so-called nuclear option and abandon the 60-vote threshold for Supreme Court nominees.

“If we end up with that gridlock, I would say, ‘If you can, Mitch, go nuclear,’” the president said on Wednesday from the Roosevelt Room of the White House. “Because that would be an absolute shame if a man of this quality was put up to that neglect. I would say it’s up to Mitch, but I would say, ‘Go for it.’”

His call for a battle came as Democrats began grappling on Wednesday with their most consequential strategic choice to date in the age of Trump: how aggressively to oppose the president’s choice, federal appeals court judge Neil M. Gorsuch.

What is the “nuclear option”?

A Supreme Court nominee currently needs 60 votes to overcome a filibuster in the Senate. The “nuclear option” would eliminate that threshold, meaning the nominee would need only a simple majority, a historic departure for the tradition-laden Senate.

But for a party that has often strained to match the fury and zeal of its base during the wave of anti-Trump activism since the election, a full-scale showdown may prove unavoidable, doubling as a referendum on resistance tactics to a White House that liberals fear and abhor.

Democrats intend to remind the public, with great frequency, about Republicans’ treatment of Merrick B. Garland, President Barack Obama’s nominee to fill the vacant seat last year, who was blocked from even receiving a hearing. Mr. McConnell said a justice should not be seated during an election year, even though there is no prohibition on such action.

On Wednesday, as Judge Gorsuch made his initial courtesy calls with senators on Capitol Hill, Republicans assumed the tone of a party in power, appealing for unity and adherence to Senate custom.

Judge Gorsuch’s first call after the announcement of his nomination was to Mr. Garland, as a gesture of respect, according to Ron Bonjean, a spokesman for the nomination effort.

The nominee was also joined on Wednesday by Kelly Ayotte, a well-liked former Republican senator from New Hampshire, who is helping to shepherd him through the nominating process months after losing her re-election bid.

After greeting Judge Gorsuch during his visit, Mr. McConnell asked Democrats to heed their own calls to restore the court to its rightful size.

“I would invite Democrats who spent many months insisting we need nine to join us in following through on that advice,” he said from the Senate floor.

So far, Democrats have appeared unmoved, and occasionally seething.

Senator Chuck Schumer of New York, the Democratic minority leader, said Judge Gorsuch must meet the 60-vote threshold required to overcome a filibuster in the Senate.

History — and especially recent history — demand it, he suggested.

“If this nominee cannot meet the same standard that Republicans insisted upon for President Obama’s Supreme Court nominees — 60 votes in the Senate — then the problem lies not with the Senate but with the nominee,” Mr. Schumer said.

He said Mr. Trump’s White House had demonstrated “less respect for the rule of law than any in recent memory,” placing a “special burden on this nominee to be an independent jurist.”

Breaking a filibuster would require eight members of the Democratic caucus to join the 52 members of the Republican majority to advance the nomination, or force Republicans to change longstanding rules and push through the nomination on a simple majority vote — the so-called nuclear option.

Transfers of power from one party to the other often compel lawmakers to shift their perspectives, leaning on arguments they once rejected. But the bipartisan whiplash in the Senate has been especially striking.

Since Mr. Trump’s announcement, the two parties have rushed headlong into an embrace of the other’s former talking points. Republicans have cast Judge Gorsuch as an unassailable choice, as Democrats had done with Judge Garland, trumpeting his record on the federal Court of Appeals and his impressive credentials.

They reminded some Senate Democrats that they had voted to confirm Judge Gorsuch to a lower court once upon a time, as some Republicans had for Judge Garland. Senators like Ted Cruz, Republican of Texas — who, before the election, raised the possibility of blocking a nomination indefinitely if Hillary Clinton won the presidency — have insisted on swift action.

And some Democrats have argued, after nearly a year spent lamenting a vacancy on the court after Justice Antonin Scalia’s death, that Judge Gorsuch must not be allowed to assume the seat.

“The Democrats should treat Trump’s SCOTUS pick with the exact same courtesy the GOP showed Merrick Garland,” Dan Pfeiffer, a former senior adviser to Mr. Obama, wrote on Twitter. “Don’t flinch, don’t back down.”

Reactions to Judge Gorsuch’s nomination among Democrats seemed to sort themselves into three camps: There were some cautious statements, often from moderate Democrats in states that Mr. Trump had won, urging careful consideration of the pick. There were policy-based concerns raised about Judge Gorsuch’s trail of conservative opinions and leanings. And there were arguments that did not focus much on Judge Gorsuch at all, framing the choice of any judge not named Merrick Garland to be illegitimate.

“This is a stolen seat,” said Senator Jeff Merkley, Democrat of Oregon. “This is the first time in American history that one party has blockaded a nominee for almost a year in order to deliver a seat to a president of their own party. If this tactic is rewarded rather than resisted, it will set a dangerous new precedent in American governance.”

At the same time, Democrats and progressive activists have begun zeroing in on elements of Judge Gorsuch’s record. Among their other concerns, he has voted in favor of employers, including Hobby Lobby, who cited religious objections while refusing to provide some forms of contraception coverage to female workers.

Mr. Schumer said Judge Gorsuch had “repeatedly sided with corporations over working people” and demonstrated “a hostility toward women’s rights.”

Even before some Democrats weighed in, Republicans dismissed any complaints about Judge Gorsuch as empty posturing. Some lawmakers were more creative than others.

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