This case study aims to cover two main topics: the production patterns in agroforestry, shifting cultivation and community-forest management in relation to greenhouse gases, natural resources and climate change; and the role and contributions of community practices of agroforestry, shifting cultivation, and community-forest management to mitigate global warning and impacts of climate change. The villages of Huay Hin Lad Wieng Pa Pao district, Chiang Rai province community in were selected as a pilot area for the research.

All case studies document the process of adaptation the indigenous communities have been making to their livelihood systems in response to external and internal changes over the past decades. Such changes, among others, include population increases and resultant alterations of the land use patterns, government policies, laws and regulations, integration into the market economy through introduction of cash crops, and shifts of social and cultural values, especially among the younger generations.