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The importance of transportation systems provide mobility services for both people and goods, which is important for economic development and human needs. –16% of the Gross National Products (GNP) –11% of the labor force –13% of all federal taxes

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Chapter 1: Introduction of Transportation system of the united states

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Highway Classification #2 Administrative Classification –Federal-aid system (160,000 miles) –State system (775,000 miles) –Local and county roads Question: 1.The local road represents the largest or smallest percentage of U.S. highway mileage? 2.The highway system is almost entirely privately or publicly owned?

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2 parts of air transportation Air transportation Airway System Airport System Airway system: provides “space channels” or routes for various airplanes travelling from one place to another. Airport system : functions as the interface between air mode and other transportation mode (highway or railroad mode).

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Airway System In 1994, total mileage of the airways: 394,000 miles (634,081 km) 2 separate route systems –The low-altitude system (700’~18,000’) –The high-altitude system (18,000’~60,000’) Guidance of aircraft movements is provided by air traffic controllers with the aid of: –Radio-based instrument landing system (ILS) –Radar –Other navigational aids

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Water transport components Water transport waterways Ocean (sea) Inland Harbors and ports Water: provide water routes for vessels going from one place to another place. Harbors and ports: provide a transition place between water transportation mode and other modes.

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Inland transportation system The navigable depth is: > 9ft (2.7 m); total mileage: 25,543 miles Two agencies: –The Corps of Engineers: construction and maintenance of the inland waterway system. –The US Coast Guard: the supply and operation of the navigation aids along the waterways. Three major divisions: – inland rivers and canals –Coastal waterways –Great Lakes system (Michigan, Ontario, etc.)

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Federal legislative committees Senate Committees: –Committee on Environment and Public Works ( water navigation and highway construction and maintenance ) –Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation ( other modes ) House Committee: –Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure ( all elements of transportation )

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Executive branch: DOT Federal level: USDOT State level: State DOT Local level: a wide variety of agencies –Note: Ports, airports, and public transit agencies generally exist as an arm of local rather than state government