Perhaps surprisingly, more than half of the deaths from air pollution are from household air pollution (HAP), typically from low-income people who use solid fuels to cook indoors. Most of these deaths occur in poor areas of southeast Asia, the western Pacific, and Africa.

"Many women do not realize that the smoke emitted from the traditional clay or brick stoves called chulhas is putting their and their family members’ lives in danger. The solid fuels they use in these ovens include a mix of wood, coal, crop residue and cow-dung. Their smoke contains many dangerous pollutants such as fine particulate matter and carbon monoxide.

“Having an open fire in your kitchen is like burning 400 cigarettes an hour,” says Dr Kirk Smith, a Professor of Global Environmental Health from the University of California at Berkeley, who began to measure the air pollution exposure from cooking over open biomass cook stoves already in the 1970s. “Unfortunately, we have not made a lot of progress in the past decades and household air pollution is still the largest single health risk factor for Indian women and girls.”

An estimated 700 million people in India still rely on solid fuels and traditional cook stoves for domestic cooking despite their negative impact on peoples’ health. This figure has remained relatively constant over the last three decades despite efforts to improve access to cleaner energy sources such as gas and electricity also in rural areas."

The remaining 3.7 premature deaths caused by air pollution are from ambient air pollution--that is, in the outdoor air. Again, in terms of absolute numbers, most of these deaths occur in the western Pacific and south-east Asia regions, where both air pollution levels and populations are especially high. However, it's worth noting that even in the high-income parts of the Americas, referring mainly to the United States and Canada, there are an estimated 94,000 deaths per year from outdoor air pollution.

I wouldn't mind it if some of the political and policy energy focused on how climate change can affect us all in a few decades was refocused on how current air pollutants are killing millions of people per year right now.