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Planes and ships from four nations scoured the Java Sea for an AirAsia Bhd. passenger jet that vanished off the coast of Borneo more than a day ago with 162 people on board, as Indonesian investigators said the jet had likely crashed to the bottom of the sea.

Twelve vessels, dozens of inflatable boats, six warships plus military aircraft from Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Australia are searching an area that now stretches to more than 11,000 square nautical miles. The Indonesia team suspects the plane is under water, search and rescue agency chief F.H. Bambang Sulistyo said today in Jakarta, with no signal detected from the emergency local transmitter.

“Based on the coordinates given to us, our evaluation says the likely position where the plane crashed is in the sea,” Sulistyo said. “The preliminary assumption is that the plane is at the bottom of the sea.” The official, who spoke in Bahasa Indonesia, didn’t elaborate on how the authorities arrived at that conclusion.

The hunt for the Airbus Group NV A320 single-aisle jet that disappeared en route to Singapore from the central Indonesian city of Surabaya is focused on Kumai Bay, authorities said. Poor visibility could hamper the effort, Indonesia’s Vice President Jusuf Kalla told Bloomberg TV by phone.

The first planes that reached the region where the AirAsia plane was last reported didn’t find any signs of the missing aircraft, Sutono, a communication director at the Indonesian search and rescue agency, said today.

Flight 370

Shares of AirAsia dropped as much as 13 percent in Kuala Lumpur trading, their biggest slide since 2011. While AirAsia is based in Sepang, Malaysia, it operates with subsidiaries and affiliates in different countries. The missing plane belonged to its Indonesian operations.

The pilots did not send a distress signal, drawing comparisons with Malaysian Airline System Bhd.’s Flight 370 that disappeared on March 8 en route to Beijing from Kuala Lumpur. No wreckage from that flight has been found in what’s become the world’s longest search for a missing passenger jet in modern aviation.

‘Golden hour’

AirAsia QZ8501 was at 32,000 feet when the pilots requested to fly higher to avoid clouds, Indonesia’s acting Air Transport Director Djoko Murjatmodjo said in Jakarta. Air traffic controllers didn’t respond to the request before the plane disappeared off radar, National Transportation Safety Committee head Tatang Kurniadi said at a press conference.

Indonesia may complete the transcript of the conversation between the air traffic control and AirAsia pilot by tomorrow, authorities said.

There were storms along AirAsia’s flight path, Accuweather.com said on its website, citing its meteorologist Dave Samuhel. Storms are very active this time of year, Samuhel was quoted as saying, with December and January the wettest period of the year in Indonesia.

The last signal from the plane was between the city of Pontianak on Borneo and the town of Tanjung Pandan on Belitung island. The search was initially concentrated around Belitung, Transport Minister Ignasius Jonan said earlier. Sulistyo said the search area had been widened to include the Karimata strait and land areas in western West Kalimantan.

Last signal

Robert Mann, head of aviation consultant R.W. Mann & Co. in Port Washington, New York, said searchers missed crucial daylight hours because authorities in Indonesia took an hour and 38 minutes to classify the plane as missing.

“It’s the golden hour in an accident scene; you only have so many daylight hours,” he said in a phone interview.

Australia deployed a P-3 Orion, a surveillance plane made by Bethesda, Maryland-based Lockheed Martin Corp. that can pick up emergency signals from a downed plane’s data recorders. Singapore and Malaysia were aiding in the search and Airbus, the sole jet supplier to AirAsia, sent two experts to Jakarta.

The Airbus A320-200 jet was not equipped with a system known as ACARS, which lets a plane automatically relay radio messages about engine performance to manufacturers, according to Rick Kennedy, a spokesman for General Electric Co., which is part of a joint venture that manufactured the jet’s powerplants.

ACARS periodic data bursts can be used to help determine how long a plane flew after the last voice communications.

“The aircraft was on the submitted flight plan route and was requesting deviation due to en-route weather before communication with the aircraft was lost while it was still under the control of the Indonesian Air Traffic Control,” AirAsia said in a statement.

“We will look at all possibilities,” district airport authority head Pramintohadi told reporters in Surabaya. “We checked the profile of passengers, baggage, and it’s a normal procedure,” said Pramintohadi, who goes by one name. “It’s a standard operating procedure of an investigation.”

AirAsia, the region’s biggest budget airline, had no fatal crashes in its history of more than a decade of operations, according to AviationSafetyNetwork, which tracks accident data.

Sturdy workhorse

The A320, the first commercial airliner to rely on fly-by-wire technology previously common only in the cockpits of military aircraft, has built a reputation as a sturdy workhorse, with more than 6,000 A320 family aircraft in service to date with over 300 operators.

The plane that disappeared was delivered to AirAsia from the production line in October 2008. Powered by CFM 56-5B engines built by a joint venture of General Electric Co. and France’s Safran SA, the aircraft had accumulated approximately 23,000 flight hours in some 13,600 flights, Airbus said on its website.

The A320 and the related A318, A319 and A321 have among the lowest accident rates of modern commercial aircraft, with a fatal crash in about 1 in every 7 million departures, according to a study published in August by Boeing Co. The last fatal accident involving an Airbus single-aisle plane was in 2010, when an A321 operated by Pakistani carrier Airblue crashed into rugged terrain in heavy rain, killing all 152 people on board.

The AirAsia plane had two pilots, four flight attendants and one engineer on board, AirAsia said.

Fernandes, 50, assumed 40 million ringgit of debt when he bought AirAsia for 1 ringgit (29 cents) in December 2001, according to the airline’s website. Prior to running AirAsia, Fernandes was an employee at Richard Branson’s Virgin Group. The airline had two old aircraft when Fernandes took charge.

AirAsia had 171 A320s in operation at the end of September, according to a quarterly operating statistics statement on its website. The Indonesia entity operated 30 planes, the statement said.