Technology In Western Civilizations Essay

1476 words - 6 pages

Technology in Western Civilizations
Throughout history humans progress as a species, using their surroundings and resources to advance themselves. To progress they had to begin somewhere, and this is what the past humans did, which enabled them to progress into what we are currently. In the stone age humans discovered fire which while it seems common place today, was something unheard of during that day in age and changed many things, allowing them to cook food, make tools, and many other things. Once the Paleolithic era began things started to develop even more dramatically, mostly due to the fact that human populations started to also increase. This was due to the fact that humans of the ...view middle of the document...

Others took advantage of the warmer climates to start producing food, like growing grain. This meant that you could settle down instead of having to always be on the move looking for a source of food. They saved grain for use during winter months when they knew they would not be able to grow it. Domesticated animals were also a step forward for them as they helped with work and they were also a food source. The sudden rise of the population paved the way for settlements to come together, and this brought the need for protection, which was given by city walls that protected from weather and kept intruders out.
A big technological development was writing, which wasn't advanced as it is now, but it was a start, which then led to the further advancement of it. Writing was first used as a way of recording records, and started as pictures, called pictograms. Back then in society not everyone could read and right. Only a select few people called scribes could, which was a small group of people who were highly looked upon and influential in Sumerian society. The Sumerian people were seen as the most technologically advanced people in the ancient word because the fact that they did not trust their gods or their environment so they took a hands on approach to everything making them fairly self reliant. They used metals to create tools and weapons. One of the main accomplishments of this era is the creation of the wheel. The wheel brought along many advantages. In military the wheel was used for chariots, which gave their soldiers great advantages over other foot soldiers. The workforce also benefited from the wheel as they are put on carts and used to make work faster, increasing their productivity. Mathematics were also a crucial part of their society, as they used it to use it for architecture to allow them to build things that were not common place at the time.
The middle ages was another period of great technological involvement. Agriculturally they advanced on old technologies by improving them. Tools used by the animals that were improved allowed for the animals to be more effective which in turn made it a little easier to do the tasks. This lead to there being surpluses of product, which was used for trade. Instead of using bronze, iron was used for tools, which made tasks faster. The medieval period also brought along the manor system, which merged many small properties into whole pieces of land. This system allowed greater productivity, and also made it so the owner of the manor could take any surpluses the manor produced, this soon led to some of the citizens of manors to become like slaves, and couldn't leave the land without the permission of the lord of the manor. The manor system brought along advances because it made things easier, cost less, and made things more productive. A system that was used in part because of the manor system was the crop rotation system, which was that one piece of land would be used as a pasture, another...

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