Leaf from a small portable Gothic Bible, copied in France in the thirteenth century. The Latin translation used throughout this period was known as the Vulgate, since Latin was the common or vulgar language read by all literate people of the time....

Book of Hours--France--Illustrations; Illumination of books and manuscripts--France--Renaissance, 1450-1600

Books of Hours were used for private prayers by lay people. Typically Books of Hours included a calendar, Gospel lessons, and hours of daily prayer including Hours of the Virgin, Hours of the Cross, and Hours of the Holy Spirit, as well as psalms...