Diagnostic Patents for Sale or License

Assays and Methods for Detecting Mycobacterial Infections

The patent is based on a newly discovered novel feature of Mycobacterium tuberculosis called Phase Variation for which a hypothesis has been proposed for its role in pathogenesis. The intention is to use the Mtb phase variation-derived technologies to develop two rapid TB diagnostic tests.
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Human tuberculosis (TB), caused by bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has been the leading cause of death by infectious diseases worldwide. TB is also the leading cause of death among people who are co-infected with HIV. It is important to accurately diagnose patients with TB infection for the physician to treat the patient and prevent the spread of the disease, especially in the point-of-care clinics where patients are seeking diagnosis and receiving treatment. This is importan

This program makes it possible to detect hidden left-handedness in children and adults of both sexes regardless of age. The fundamental data input it uses is the number of deltas contained in fingerprints, as defined E.R Henry's system of classification (1900). One of the quirks of the central nervous system is that hidden left-handedness may become apparent in situations where a quick reflexive action is required, leading to an attempt to conduct the action with the left hand. The progra

ABSTRACT- An object of the present proposal provide an improvement in search-coil type sensors. It is a further object of the present proposal to provide lightweight metallic glass antenna (pickup coil- PC) for detecting AC magnetic fields both generated by natural- and man-made sources including outer space wave activity (ionospheric noise signals). The sensor has an improved effective height characteristic in the frequency range from 0.2 Hz to 16 kHz. An induction sensor is a device that meas

The present invention provides compositions and methods useful for diagnostic and imaging techniques for detecting and localizing the biomarker Plectin-1. The present invention provides multimeric peptide ligand complexes for targeting Plectin-1, such as the multimeric peptide ligand complex having the formula (ssAKTLLPTPGGS(PEG5000))4 KKKKDOTAssA-NH2, to which imaging agents and/or therapeutic agents can be conjugated.

A sensitive, multicomponent diagnostic test for infection with T. cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, including methods of making and methods of use. Also provided is a method for screening T. cruzi polypeptides to identify antigenic polypeptides for inclusion as components of the diagnostic test, as well as compositions containing antigenic T. cruzi polypeptides.

Methods for detecting cancer as well as methods of diagnosis of cancer by detecting proteins secreted into biological fluids are disclosed The invention was first applied to detecting proteins secreted into serum and urine However, it is understood that the methods have broader application to developing tools and systems for detecting proteins secreted into other biological fluids such as, but not limited to, saliva, spinal fluid, seminal fluid, vaginal fluid, and ocular fluid Reliable detection

A method of screening a subject for a proliferative disease risk factor comprises detecting the presence or absence of upregulation of the CLN3 gene in the subject. The upregulation of the CLN3 gene in the subject indicates the subject is at increased risk of developing a proliferative disease. Methods of screening compounds for the treatment of proliferative diseases based on the CLN3 gene and its product are also disclosed, along with methods of treating such diseases and vectors useful theref

Disclosed are methods of predicting responsiveness of a cancer cell to a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and methods of predicting the risk of progression of a cancer cell to a more aggressive form. Also provided are methods of reducing proliferation or promoting differentiation of a cancer cell having reduced level of Numb or increased level of Msi. Further disclosed are methods of treating a mammalian subject having cancer and methods of assessing an agent for chemotherapeutic potential.

Example systems and methods of generating an indicator of osteoarthritis (OA) progression are described. Fractal dimension curves are generated for horizontal and vertical trabecular components associated with a region of interest of a joint image. A statistical model is used to model shapes of the fractal dimension curves and a predictor of OA progression is calculated based on shape parameters of the statistical model.

A method of detecting a cancer, such as ovarian cancer, in a test subject including (a) determining the amount of a lysophosphatidyl choline in a sample of a bodily fluid taken from the test subject, and (b) comparing the amount of the lysophosphatidyl choline in the sample of the bodily fluid taken from the test subject to a range of amounts of lysophosphatidyl choline found in samples of the bodily fluid taken from a group of normal subjects of the same species as the test subject and lacking

The invention provides a method for determining a prognosis of colorectal cancer in a colorectal cancer patient, comprising classifying said patient as having a good prognosis or a poor prognosis using measurements of a plurality of gene products in a cell sample taken from said patient, said gene products being respectively products of at least 1 of the genes listed in Table 1, or respective functional equivalents thereof, wherein said good prognosis predicts a positive response to standard che

The invention relates to methods of determining an appropriate cancer therapy for a subject based on intratumoral expression levels of Ribonucleotide Reductase M1 (RRM1) and thymidylate synthase (TS) gene expression, as well as to methods of predicting clinical outcome (prognosis) based on cytoplasmic levels of TS protein. Compositions and kits useful for the methods are also provided.

The subject invention concerns materials and methods for treating and/or preventing diseases associated with accumulation of A[beta] peptide in neural tissue. The subject invention also concerns materials and methods for treating and/or preventing stress disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In one embodiment, a method of the invention comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of cotinine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to a person or animal i

A method for the early diagnosing of selected adenocarcinomas in a human comprising the steps of removing a bodily sample from the human, and assaying the bodily sample for elevated expression of a specific gene. The gene being assayed for in the bodily sample is the TGFB-4 gene (hereinafter referred to as the endometrial bleeding associated factor (ebaf) gene. The bodily sample can be tissue from a specific organ in the body, or a blood sample. Increased levels of ebaf in the sample relative to

Actively dividing tumors appear to progress to a life threatening condition more rapidly than slowly dividing tumors. Assessing actively dividing tumors currently involves a manual assessment of the number of mitotic cells in a histological slide prepared from the tumor and assessed by a trained pathologist. Disclosed is a method for using cumulative information from a series of expressed genes to determine tumor prognosis. This cumulative information can be used to categorize tumor samples into

The present invention discloses an informational computation method for classifying objects Specifically, the invention is a system, method, and computer-readable media for classifying tumors using a nonparametric statistical classifier in conjunction with an artificial neural network. The invention classifies unknown tumor types based on the correlation of unknown tumor's genetic expression compared to the genetic expression of know tumor types by first performing a nonparametric statistical an

A method and assay are described for determining prostate cancer and the general stage of progression of such cancer by quantifying levels of promoter methylation of gal-3, optionally in combination with the quantification of the level of GSTP1 promoter methylation, where the method and assay are non-invasive to a subject and can detect any of Stages I-IV prostate cancer.

The present invention provides methods and materials, including kits, to evaluate Crohn's disease, including to diagnose, monitor, or determine the efficacy of treatment for Crohn's Disease. The methods involve determining the presence, absence, or level of zonulin in a subject sample. In certain embodiments, the need for more laborious and/or invasive tests to monitor disease state is minimized or obviated.

An apparatus and method are provided for use in studying a patient's bowel which combines recording and analysis of physiologic parameters and patient sensory perception. A pain input detector, a pain transducer, and a processor are provided. A gas pressure transducer and flow meter may also be provided. Output data may be generated to reflect perceived patient pain, volume of gas delivered to the patient's bowel, and bowel pressure. An indication of perceived patient pain is processed by the pr

The invention relates to the treatment, diagnosis, and prognosis of a muscular dystrophy or myopathy. The present inventors have found that the quantity of mu-crystallin is increased in a muscular dystrophy. In particular, the inventors have found that mu-crystallin is increased in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). Based on the inventors' findings, the invention provides a novel means for the treatment, diagnosis, and prognosis of a muscular dystrophy or myopathy.

The present invention relates to a method for in vivo detection of a biof?lm infection residing in a mammal, the method comprising (i) administering to the mammal a diagnostic-effective amount of a biofilm-specific probe, wherein the probe comprises a bio film-targeting moiety and a paramagnetic nanoparticle core; and (ii) imaging the mammal to detect the presence of the biof?lm infection by observing the mammal using a magnetic resonance diagnostic technique after the biofilm-specific probe has

Systems and methods are disclosed for trapping or focusing magnetizable particles comprising therapeutic agents at a distance using a dynamic magnetic field and feedback control, to enable the treatment of diseased areas deep inside a patient's body. The methods may be used to diagnose or treat diseased areas deep within a patient, for example tumors of the lungs, intestines, and liver, and is also useful in enhancing the permeability of solid tumors to chemotherapeutic agents.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for cancer diagnostics, prognostics and predictions, including but not limited to, cancer markers. In particular, the present invention provides perinucleolar compartments and their resident molecules as cancer markers.

Disclosed are diagnostic and therapeutic methods related to squamous cell carcinoma. In particular, the diagnostic methods relate to detecting miRNA-205, thereby diagnosing an aggressive form of squamous cell carcinoma. The therapeutic methods relate to inhibiting the function of miRNA-205, thereby treating an aggressive form of squamous cell carcinoma.

The invention relates to methods and kits for detecting the likelihood that a subject has cancer, e.g., squamous cell carcinoma, by assaying the expression levels of tumor associated genes. More specifically, the expression levels of nucleic acids or proteins can be assayed in the tumor associated genes, e.g., beta-2 microgobulin (B2M) and cytochrome p450 1B1 (CYP1B1). The expression levels compared to standards can be indicative of the likelihood a subject has squamous cell carcinoma. For examp

A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a sensor having a pulse oximeter sensor to measure an oxygen saturation level in a liquid, a magnetic source coupled to the pulse oximeter sensor, and a controller to control the pulse oximeter sensor and the magnetic source, and to measure a mechanical effect on the liquid responsive to the magnetic source applying a magnetic field to the liquid. Additional embodiments are disclosed.

The present invention provides viral load assays, kits and methods able to distinguish between active and inactive viruses in a sample. Current diagnostic methods for analyzing the presence of viruses in a clinical sample, or the effects of an anti-viral treatment or a microbicide can only report the total amount of viruses and cannot distinguish between "live" and "dead" viruses. Using current viral load assays, the results would include dead viruses that are non-infective. Present methods are

Diagnostic methods relating to a cardiac ventricular dysfunction are provided. In some embodiments, the diagnostic method is a method of diagnosing diastolic dysfunction in the absence of systolic dysfunction in a subject. The method comprises assaying a sample obtained from the subject for evidence of activation of renin-angiontensin system (RAS), evidence of oxidative stress, a level of adiponectin, or a combination thereof, wherein, when there is a lack of evidence of RAS activation, a lack o

The invention relates to proteins associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). These proteins, which are present in blood, are expressed in individuals with AMD at either elevated or reduced levels compared to healthy individuals. The invention provides methods for diagnosing AMD. The invention provides methods for assessing the efficacy of treatment of AMD. The invention provides methods for monitoring the progression of AMD.

The invention relates to proteins associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). These proteins, which are present in blood, are expressed in individuals with AAA at either elevated or reduced levels compared to healthy individuals. The invention provides methods for diagnosing AAA. The invention provides methods for determining the efficacy of preventive treatment for AAA. The invention provides methods for monitoring the progression of AAA

The present invention provides screening kits, compositions, and diagnostic methods for determining whether a subject has a predisposition to, or likelihood of having, a substance use disorder by determining a nucleic acid methylation profile from a biological sample from the subject, wherein a given profile indicates that the subject has a predisposition to a substance use disorder.

The invention relates to Factor H gene polymorphisms and haplotypes associated with an elevated or a reduced risk of AMD. The invention provides methods and reagents for diagnosis and treatment of AMD.

The invention provides methods and compositions for diagnosing and treating glaucoma by detecting alterations in the Wnt signaling pathway-including changes in the level or bioactivity of frizzled related protein. The invention further provides methods for screening for anti-glaucomatous compounds by detecting a Wnt pathway component such as a frizzled related protein, as well as methods for predicting or diagnosing glaucoma based upon the detection of a genetic alteration in a Wnt pathway compo

The method involves bonding a catch antibody to beads e.g. Dynabeads(RTM: Superparamagnetic, monosized polymer particles). The beads are mixed with a suspension of cells in an analysis container. The beads are separated from the cell by action of a magnetic field, and brought in contact with a detection antibody for marking proteins. The spatial catch antibody/protein/detection antibody-structures of the beads are analyzed for evaluating protein in a flow cytometer, where the beads are made of p

A system for fetal position-independent, non-invasive fetal monitoring includes a plurality of disposable adhesive patches for placement on an expectant mother's upper and lower abdomen. Each of the patches includes one or more miniature electronic devices embedded within the adhesive patches to detect: (i) heart sounds of a fetus within the mother, (ii) heart sounds of the mother, and (iii) signals indicative of uterine contractions of the mother. A processing hub having a receiver to receive s

This invention provides kits, devices, and methods for the detection of antibodies that recognize one or more proteins and/or antigens from porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The antibodies may be in a biological fluid of a PRRSV infected or at risk subject. The invention may be advantageously applied to both the diagnosis and prevention of PRRSV infection.

The present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule containing a repeat region of an isolated spinocerebellar ataxia type 8 (SCA8) coding sequence, the coding sequence located within the long arm of chromosome 13, and the complement of the nucleic acid molecule. Diagnostic methods based on identification of this repeat region are also provided.

The present disclosure encompasses methods of diagnosing the presence of a cancer, and particularly a cancer of prostate or breast tissue, in a human subject, predicting the outcome or severity of the disease and methods of reversing the prostate cell transformation based on the presence or absence in the human subject of a dinucleotide (TT) deletion in the gene encoding the U50 snoRNA. Provided, therefore, are methods of identifying a genetic marker of a human subject indicating a cancerous tis

Among other things, this disclosure provides for compounds having a targeting moiety linked to a therapeutic moiety and/or a diagnostic moiety; the synthetic methods for making the compounds; pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds; and, methods for treating or diagnosing disorders. Some of the compounds include a linker which can be cleaved under physiological conditions, including linkers comprising an amide or disulfide bond. Examples of targeting moieties are derivatives of DNA

Methods and systems for population screening and diagnostics are provided. In particular methods and systems for population screening of individuals for genetic disorders due to alterations in DNA methylation and for the diagnostic testing for such disorders are provided.

Disclosed are methods for diagnosing declarative memory loss using mouse tracking to follow the visual gaze of a subject taking a visual paired comparison test. Also disclosed are methods for diagnosing dementia such as mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

The invention relates to fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), compositions, and methods related thereto. In certain embodiments, the invention relates to treating a neurological disorder by administering a P13K antagonist to a subject in need thereof. In other embodiments, the invention relates to methods of diagnosing neurological disorders.

For analyzing a multi-component system, a method acquires a plurality of signals, each having a different spatial location of the multi-component system, and generates dynamic profiles for each of the plurality of signals. Each of the plurality of dynamic profiles reflects dynamic characteristics of the corresponding signal in accordance with each one of a plurality of dynamic measures. The method selects pairs of dynamic profiles from the acquired dynamic profiles based on a predetermined level

The present embodiments provide an apparatus, system, and method for ultrasound powered neurotelemetry. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a piezoelectric element configured to receive an ultrasonic pulse and convert the electronic pulse into an electric potential. A diode may be coupled to the piezoelectric element, the diode configured to cause an electric current to flow in response to the electric potential. The apparatus may additionally include a reference electrode and a stimulatin

Methods of diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors, in particular ovarian tumors, using GD3 and GD3 inhibitors. Also provided are methods of modulating the immune system of a mammal by the administration of a GD3 and GD3 inhibitors

The invention generally provides diagnostics that employ biomarkers altered in neurodegenerative disease, as well as methods for the use of such markers in monitoring disease progression and identifying agents useful for the treatment of a neurodegenerative disease.

A motion function of a biological tissue is efficiently evaluated on the basis of image data collected from different medical image diagnostic apparatuses. In terms of a common analysis algorithm applied to subject's time-series image data supplied from a separate medical image diagnostic apparatus, a setting part sets a plurality of interest points on a myocardial tissue of a reference image data extracted from the image data, and a tracking process part measures a motion parameter on the basis

Methods for identifying a subject at risk for developing AMD are disclosed. The methods include identifying specific protective or risk polymorphisms or genotypes from the subject's genetic material. Therapeutic compositions and methods are also provided for delaying the progression or onset of the development of AMD in a subject, including treating a subject having signs and/or symptoms of AMD or who has been diagnosed with AMD.

A strong association between variants in Elongator Protein Complex 4, (ELP4) (specifically single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) at the 11p13 locus on chromosome 11 and the centrotemporal sharp wave trait (CTS) has been discovered, which association has diagnostic significance for rolandic epilepsy. It has further been discovered that the 11p13 locus has a pleiotropic role in the development of speech motor praxis and CTS, which supports a neurodevelopmental origin for classic rolandic epilepsy

The invention relates to the treatment and diagnosis of organ dysfunction caused by ischemia reperfusion injury. In particular, the invention relates to sphinganine-1-phosphate, a sphingolipid metabolite, and its use in the diagnosing, preventing, and/or treating ischemia reperfusion-associated disorders, including, without limitation, disorders of the kidney, liver, lung, brain, and heart.

Methods and systems for an integrated sensor network are described. In one embodiment, sensor data may be accessed from a plurality of motion sensors and a bed sensor deployed in a living unit for a first time period. An activity pattern for the first time period may be identified based on at least a portion of sensor data associated with the first time period. The activity pattern may represent a physical and cognitive health condition of a person residing in the living unit. Additional sensor

Methods and immunoassays for diagnosing a bite or sting of a venomous organism in a patient having symptoms consistent with such a bite or sting are provided. A sample of venom is collected from the area of the suspected bite or sting using a swab and then contacted with an antibody that specifically binds to an antigenic site on venom present in the sample. Binding is then detected. The invention is illustrated by examples showing diagnosis of brown recluse spider bite, distinguishing it from o

The present invention provides for methods of identifying a dog carrying a major genetic risk factor in the SODl gene for degenerative myelopathy, a potential model for human amyeotrophic lateral sclerosis. Also provided a methods of early diagnosis, treatment and breeding based on the presence or absence of the marker.

Disclosed are antibodies and methods for detecting pregnancy in an animal. In certain aspects antibodies used binds immunologically to at least two PAGs selected from PAG4, PAG6, PAG9, PAG16, PAG17, PAG19, PAG20 and PAG21. Antibody encoding nucleic acids are also provided, as are kits, methods of use and additional antibody related compositions.

Methods for diagnosis of, and distinguishing between, urosepsis, sepsis, and urinary tract infections (UTIs) are disclosed The diagnostic methods are based on determining the level of NGAL protein in a bodily fluid sample, such as urine sample.

An exemplary method, system, and computer-accessible medium can be provided for generating three-dimensional image information associated with a fluorescence-exhibiting arrangement within a sample. For example, it is possible to generate a first electro-magnetic radiation, to be received in the sample, at one or more wavelengths that are associated with one or more wavelengths of emission of the fluorescence-exhibiting arrangement. In addition, it is possible to generate a second electro-magneti

A system and method for evaluating and predicting visual perception of animals are provided. Retinal image data or other data representing the pathology of an animal is provided as input to a nonlinear computational model of a primary visual cortex of an animal. A plurality of images of a predetermined set of recognizable objects is applied to the computational model input and then made accessible to a processor for generation of the model. A confidence estimate of a recognition by the model of

The present invention provides methods and therapeutic agents for lowering or increasing serum serotonin levels in a patient in order to increase or decrease bone mass, respectively. In preferred embodiments, the patient is known to have, or to be at risk for, a low bone mass disease such as osteoporosis and the agents are TPHl inhibitors or serotonin receptor antagonists.

Methods for diagnosis of sepsis very low birth weight (VLBW) infants are disclosed. The diagnostic methods for sepsis are based on determining whether a bodily fluid sample, such as a urine sample, contains an amount of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) protein that exceeds or is less than a certain threshold level, or that falls within a certain range. The present invention also provides methods for monitoring the progression of sepsis, methods for monitoring sepsis treatment, m

The invention provides serum-based, diagnostic, biological assays for predicting disorders of pregnancy resulting from poor trophoblast and/or placental ischemia, including preeclampsia. Serum samples from such subjects exhibit an ability to disrupt the architecture involving fetal trophoblasts and maternal endothelial cells in a three-dimensional, dual cell co-culture system provided herein, in contrast to normal pregnancy serum samples. Based on these distinctions, the assays are employed to p

Methods of diagnosing a carcinoma include comparing the expression of miRNAs in a sample with a control and determining ratios of expression of miRNAs. Methods of treatment include administering a nucleic acid encoding a miR-375 gene product. Methods of optimizing treatment in a subject include determining expression of an miR21-gene product.

The present invention relates to methods and kits for the detection and diagnosis of cancer or precancerous conditions. Methylation of specific genes has been identified as indicative of cancer and methods of the invention, in part, relate to the detection of methylation levels in cells as a determination of cancer or a precancerous condition in the cell.

Methods for diagnosing Alzheimer's Disease by detection of fragments of nectin-1 are described. Nectin-1 is shown to be a substrate for proteases associated with the onset of Alzheimer's Disease, including [alpha]-secretase, [gamma]-secretase and BACE1 or a BACE1-like protease. The fragments produced by the action of these and other proteases on Nectin-1 can be used to diagnosis Alzheimer's Disease or a predilection towards Alzheimer's Disease.

Methods for diagnosing a pelvic pain disorder that include analyzing samples for increased levels and/or nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin, which indicates presence of the pelvic pain disorder, particularly interstitial cystitis. Therapeutic treatment of a pelvic pain disorder, particularly interstitial cystitis, includes the administration to a patient of an effective amount of an inhibitor of beta- catenin activity. This can be carried out by direct administration of the therapeutic agent o

Respiratory diseases related to gastroesophageal reflux disease in a patient are diagnosed by detecting esophageal or pharyngeal impedance and pH in the patient, detecting oxygen saturation in the patient, and diagnosing the respiratory diseases from the esophageal or pharyngeal impedance, the pH, and the oxygen saturation.

The present invention is directed to methods of diagnosing and treating a fibrotic condition in a mammalian subject. These methods involve measuring the levels of trimethylation at lysine residue 27 of histone-3 and/or measuring the expression levels of EZH2 or YY-1. Agents useful for treating fibrosis or a fibrotic condition are also disclosed.

Volume tomographic mammography is performed with a gantry frame (206) in which a cone-beam radiation source (210) and a thin-film detector (208) are mounted. The patient (P) rests on an ergonomically designed table (202) with a hole (204) to allow one breast (B) to extend therethrough such that the gantry frame (206) surrounds that breast. The gantry frame is rotatable so that the radiation source (210) and the detector (208) move in a circular orbit around the breast (B). In addition, the gantr

The present invention provides methods and kits for identifying a cell that exhibits or is predisposed to exhibiting unregulated growth by detecting hypermethylation of a gene or a regulatory region in at least one gene in the cell. Also provided are methods for diagnosis or prognosis of ovarian cancer in a subject. Also provided are methods of ameliorating ovarian cancer in a subject by administering to the subject an agent that demethylates a hypermethylated gene or regulatory region thereof.

A critical epitope of human cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) associated with the development of hepatic autoimmune disease, including methods and kits for diagnosis and prognosis using the critical epitope as a biomarker for hepatic autoimmune disease.

Methods for determining if a subject has or is susceptible to having an age- associated vascular disorder are disclosed. The method includes determining if the subject exhibits altered expression of a product of one or more of the genes listed in Table 1 relative to a control level of expression of the gene product. Altered expression of one or more of the genes listed in Table 1 indicates that the subject has or is susceptible to having an age- associated vascular disorder. In specific examples

A system to measure a subject's gaze stability, comprising: a display device; a data processor in communication with the display device; a data input device in communication with the data processor; and a motion detector in communication with the data processor, the motion detector being adapted to be worn by the subject under observation, wherein the data processor is configured to cause the display device to display a predetermined visual target based on a motion signal detected by the motion

This invention relates to novel phosphorylation sites in the desmin protein that are associated with the onset of heart failure. The phosphorylation sites, i.e., Ser-27 and Ser-31, can be used as biomarkers for (i) identifying subjects at risk for the development of heart failure, (ii) treating subjects having a higher than normal level of the biomarker, and (iii) monitoring therapy of a subject at risk for the development of heart failure. Also described are antibodies, reagents, and kits for c

A diagnostic device for and method of detecting the presence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in a patient including a detector device for detecting a presence of at least one marker indicative of HNSCC, the detector device including a panel of markers for HNSCC. A diagnostic device for and method of staging HNSCC in a patient including a detector device for detecting a presence of at least one marker indicative of stages of HNSCC, the detector device including a panel of markers

Erythrocyte ATP-release modulators and composition and methods for their use as biomarkers of glucose processing or vascular disorders, as well as methods for screening to identify to modulators; methods for monitoring efficacy of therapy; and apparatus for use in such methods.

A diagnostic biomarker including a mechanism for determining a patient's propensity to develop cancer. A diagnostic kit for determining a patient's propensity to develop cancer. A method of predicting both a patient's and a population's propensity to develop cancer, by detecting the presence of an H64 and/or P98 allele of galectin-3 from a patient's serum sample, and predicting that the patient or population has the propensity to develop cancer based on the presence of the allele. A method of pr

The present invention relates to the ability of SAP to suppress fibrocytes. It also relates to the ability of IL-12, laminin-1, cross-linked IgG and IgG aggregates to suppress fibrocytes. Methods and compositions for suppressing fibrocytes using these proteins are provided. These methods are useful in a variety of applications including treatment and prevention of fibrosing diseases such as scleroderma, pulmonary fibrosis and asthma. Finally, the invention includes assays for detecting the abili

Disease specific markers, in particular cancer markers, can be detected by electrophoretically separating proteins and protein complexes from a biological sample on a protein binding polymeric membrane in a low conductivity, water-miscible organic solvent buffer. Electrophoretic separation profiles representing different diseases can be produced, and used in the diagnosis or prognosis of these diseases.

A method discriminates between ventricular arrhythmia and supraventricular arrhythmia by determining the direction of an electrical signal conducted through the atrioventricular node. An implantable cardiac defibrillator provides atrioventricular and ventriculoatrial pacing bursts to determine if an arrhythmia with a 1 :1 atrial to ventricular relationship is due to ventricular tachycardia or supraventricular tachycardia. This discrimination capability reduces the incidence of inappropriate shoc

The present invention provides for methods and kits for detecting sepsis, trauma/hemorrhage or inflammation in a subject. It is based, at least in part, on the discovery that Augmenter of Liver Regeneration ("ALR") is an early marker of these conditions. Accordingly, in other embodiments, the present invention provides for a method of treating sepsis, traumatic/hemorrhagic shock and inflammation by inhibiting ALR.

The present invention relates to the discovery that of a panel of serum or plasma markers may be used to diagnose Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ("IPF") and distinguish this condition from other lung ailments. It further relates to the identification of markers associated with IPF disease progression.

The invention provides an isolated nucleic acid encoding a receptor, other than an immunoglobulin, wherein the receptor binds to a MUC1 tumor antigen independently of an major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The invention provides a method of activating a signaling pathway and/or killing a cancer cell using a receptor that is similar to or is a T cell receptor

The present disclosure relates to methods for assessing increased risk of preeclampsia in a pregnant woman. The methods described herein employ measuring relaxin levels, and optionally measuring C-reactive protein levels in a biological sample of a pregnant woman. The disclosure further encompasses methods of reducing risk of preeclampsia through administration of a pharmaceutical formulation of relaxin to a pregnant woman.

The invention provides a method of diagnosing a disease or a predisposition to contract a disease by assaying for mutations of uromodulin (UMOD) within a test subject or patient. The presence of a mutation in the UMOD supports a diagnosis of a disease or a predisposition to contract a disease within the patient.

The invention provides a method for vaccinating a patient against a malignancy comprising introducing a protein or peptide comprising of all or an immunogenic fragment of a cyclin protein into the patient. The invention further provides a method of identifying tumor antigens.

The present invention provides isolated or substantially purified polypeptides, nucleic acids, and virus-like particles (VLPs) derived from a Merkel cell carcinoma virus (MCV), which is a newly-discovered virus. The invention further provides monoclonal antibody molecules that bind to MCV polypeptides. The invention further provides diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic methods relating to the identification, prevention, and treatment of MCV-related diseases.

It is disclosed herein that condroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4), also known as high molecular weight melanomal associated antigen, is overexpressed on basal breast carcinoma cells (BBC), specifically triple negative basal breast carcinoma cells (TNBC). Methods for detecting basal breast cancer in a subject are disclosed. Methods are also disclosed for inhibiting the growth of a basal breast cancer cell. These methods include contacting the basal breast cancer cancer cell with an effective

A method for detecting one or more immunological response factors that is expressed in response to a therapeutic treatment and/or disease using a piezoelectric microcantilever sensor (PEMS) to assess a patient's immunological response. The method involves measuring a frequency shift of the PEMS caused by binding the immunological response factors to one or more receptors on the PEMS. The method may be used to determine the effectiveness of a prescribed therapeutic treatment and/or monitor the pr

The invention features compositions and methods that are useful for precisely determining the amount of one or more analytes present in a sample. In one aspect, the invention provides a composition for measuring the abundance of one or more target analytes in a sample, where the composition contains a set of detection units for each analyte fixed to a substrate (e.g.,a membrane, bead, filter, chip, polymer-based film or glass slide, or other printable surface), where each detection unit contains

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are known to be important regulators of signaling pathways. To determine whether PI3Ks are genetically altered in cancers, we analyzed the sequences of the P13K gene family and discovered that one family member, PIK3CA, is frequently mutated in cancers of the colon and other organs. The majority of mutations clustered near two positions within the P13K helical or kinase domains. PIK3CA represents one of the most highly mutated oncogenes yet identified in hu

The invention provides uses, methods, and kits for diagnosing an autoimmune disease, particularly scleroderma and systemic lupus erythematosus, in a subject by detecting the presence of one or more antibodies that specifically bind to one or more glycans in a subject sample.

The present invention provides methods for aiding in the diagnoses of the neoplastic condition of a lung cell and methods of screening for a potential therapeutic agent for the reversal of the neoplastic condition.

A method of screening for compounds that enhance or depress contractile function, based on measuring the formation of heterodimers of contractile fibers (e.g. Tm and actin, myosin heavy and myosin light chains), for example through disulfide bond formation. Diagnostic and prognostic methods and kits are also provided.

The present invention is based, at least in part, on the novel discovery that certain microRNAs are associated with inflammatory bowel diseases and other related diseases. Accordingly, the invention relates to microRNA-based compositions, kits, and methods for detecting, characterizing, modulating, preventing, and treating inflammatory bowel diseases and other related diseases.

Methods of diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders related to de novo synthesis of cholesterol, based on allelic variants of the scavenger receptor class B type I receptor, and kits for use therein.

The present invention features novel methods for determining if a subject has prostate cancer. The present invention is based on the development of lectin immunosorbant assays which analyze [alpha]2,6-linked sialylation of total serum PSA by sambucus nigra lectin (SNA) and [alpha]2,3-linked sialylation of total and free serum PSA. These novel assays were used then to conduct a clinical investigation of the potential role of glycoprotein analysis in improving PSA's cancer specificity. The present

The present invention relates to an image-based computer-aided prognosis (CAP) system and method that seeks to replicate the prognostic power of molecular assays in histopathology and pathological processes, including but not limited to cancer. Using only a tissue slide samples, a mechanism for digital slide scanning, and a computer, the present invention relates to an image- based CAP system and method which aims to overcome many of the drawbacks associated with prognostic molecular assays (e.g

The homeobox transcription factor, ENGRAILED 2 EN2), was investigated for association with autism spectrum disorder (AS) by performing transmission/disequilibrium tests (TDT) for two SNPs (rs1861972 and rs1861973) and was identified as being a likely susceptibility locus for autism and related AS disorders. Initially, TDT was performed using 137 triads of autistic individuals and their parents and significant overtransmission of the A allele of rs1861972 and the C allele or rs1861973 was observe

Disclosed herein are autonomous molecular circuits that can function in cells. The circuits can process logical operations in which one or more input cues are among the operands and produce an appropriate output. Such circuits can be implemented in living cells, e.g., eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells that have been modified to include circuit components. The molecular circuits and cells containing the circuits can be used in a variety of applications including, e.g., diagnostics, therapeutics, an

A method for diagnosing certain types of cancers provides a nanoparticle agent to be uptaken by cancer cells for diagnosis and treatment of certain cancers. A compound containing nanoparticles is directed toward a tumor site, and then a predetermined time period passes to allow the nanoparticles to be uptaken by the cancer cells. Imaging is then performed on the nanoparticles by an appropriate imaging device to determine the concentration of nanoparticles uptaken by the cancer cells. Finally, im

A distributed diagnosis algorithm based on a multi-signal digraph model of an overall system is provided. In addition, a model enables the generation of a fault-test dependency matrix (D-matrix), which summarizes the detection capabilities of tests designed for faults associated with each node. Each row represents a fault state and each column represents a test.

Disclosed herein are methods of detecting and/or prognosing congestive heart failure by detecting a proteolytic fragment of caspase-3 such as the p17 fragment or the p12 fragment. The congestive heart failure can be of any etiology, such as systolic or diastolic heart failure, ischemic or non-ischemic cardiomyopathy.

The present invention is directed to a device for quantitative analysis of an analyte in a liquid sample by detecting a magnetic label, an instrument for controlling the analysis process and displaying the results and a method for performing said analysis with said device and said instrument.

Methods and computer program products for analyzing tissue are provided. The tissue is exposed to light at the appropriate wavelengths for inducing fluorescence. Images of the fluorescing tissue are taken at two or more depths within the tissue. The PSD function is determined for each image at a different depth within the tissue. A characteristic of each PSD function determined is compared, and it is determined whether or not the tissue exhibits a pre-cancerous characteristic.

Cell-based methods for rapid real time assay of a presence of Clostridium difficile toxin and/or cells are provided, using an assay having a toxin-enhancing antibody and a sensitive cell line carrying Fc?R receptors, and kits for this assay. An ultrasensitive cell- based immunocytotoxicity assay for detecting less then 1 pg/ml of C. difficile toxins in clinical samples. The assay is simple, has a turnaround time of approximately 3 hours, and detects less than about 1 pg/ml of toxin A. The presen

The invention relates to supramolecular bioconjugates and to methods for assembling and utilizing supramolecular bioconjugates. Supramolecular bioconjugates comprise a plurality of first nucleic acids and a plurality of mediators wherein each mediator comprises a second nucleic acid complementary to a sequence within said plurality of first nucleic acids. To assemble a supramolecular bioconjugate, one or more sets of bioreactive agents are coupled to the plurality of mediators, forming a plurali

Mathematical/statistical pattern-recognition systems and methods to distinguish between different pathologies and benign conditions (e.g., normal or cancerous tissue) given spectra measured using optical spectroscopy such as elastic-scattering spectroscopy.

The present invention provides an efficient way for high throughput haplotype analysis. Several polymorphic nucleic acid markers, such as SNPs, can be simultaneously and reliably determined through multiplex PCR of single nucleic acid molecules in several parallel single molecule dilutions and the consequent statistical analysis of the results from these parallel single molecule multiplex PCR reactions results in reliable determination of haplotypes present in the subject. The nucleic acid marke

Chromosomal abnormalities are responsible for a significant number of birth defects, including mental retardation. The present invention is related to methods for non-invasive and rapid, prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities based on analysis of a maternal blood sample. The invention exploits the differences in DNA between the mother and fetus, for instance differences in their methylation states, as a means to enrich for fetal DNA in maternal plasma sample. The methods described herei

The present invention is directed to a method for detecting and quantifying rare mutations in a nucleic acid sample. The nucleic acid molecules under investigation can be either DNA or RNA. The rare mutation can be any type of functional or non-functional nucleic acid change or mutation, such as deletion, insertion, translocation, inversion, one or more base substitution or polymorphism. Therefore, the methods of the present invention are useful in detection of rare mutations in, for example, di

Disclosed are glutamine endopeptidase enzymes from Rothia sp. bacteria that are naturally associated with the oral cavity, formulations comprising the glutamine endopeptidase enzymes and the use thereof for the treatment, prevention of allergic reaction and diagnosis of gluten allergy related diseases such as Celiac Sprue, gluten allergy and/or dermatitis herpetiformis

The invention relates to diagnostic and therapeutic uses of antibodies or antigen- binding fragments that recognize the H8 antigen, an outer membrane protein of Neisseriae. Some aspects relate to pharmaceutical and diagnostic compositions comprising antibodies or antigen-binding fragments that recognize the H8 antigen. Further aspects relate to diagnostic kits comprising antibodies or antigen-binding fragments that recognize the H8 antigen.

A cytokine receptor family member (ST2), which has membrane bound as well as soluble bound forms, is elevated in patients during acute phase of dengue fever. Moreover, secondary cases of dengue fever had even more pronounced elevation of ST2 in serum in comparison to primary cases. One possible role of soluble ST2 might be to act as decoy for membrane bound ST2 signaling, therefore, promoting a proinflammatory response in secondary dengue infections. Alternatively, ST2 may act as a biomarker for

Provided herein are methods and compositions for the prognostic evaluation of a patient suspected of having, or having, cancer by assessing the expression of IMP3 in a biological sample of a patient. Methods can be used at the time of initial diagnosis of malignant tumors to identify a group of patients with a high potential to develop progression or metastasis later. Therefore, methods not only are able to provide very useful prognostic information for patients but also can help clinicians to s

Disclosed are EspFU (EspF-like polypeptide encoded by a gene of the cryptic prophage CP-933U of enterohemorrhagic E. coli) polypeptides, fragments thereof, nucleic acids that encode EspFU polypeptides, or fragments thereof, and cells including the polypeptides, fragments, and/or nucleic acids. Also disclosed are model systems, kits, and methods for screening that use, for example, EspFU polypeptides and nucleic acids. Also included are pharmaceutical and diagnostic compositions and methods of di

The invention provides a method for determining whether a melanocytic lesion in a patient is malignant which comprises determining a quantity of gp100 present within a nuclear compartment in stained cells in a tissue sample from the melanocytic lesion; determining a quantity of gp100 present within a non-nuclear compartment in the stained cells in such tissue sample; obtaining a ratio of the quantity of gp100 present within the nuclear compartment relative to the quantity of gp100 present within

A method for determining the likelihood that a therapy involving administration of tamoxifen to a patient afflicted with an estrogen receptor positive breast cancer will provide a therapeutic benefit to the patient which comprises determining the level of expression of epidermal growth factor receptor present within a non-nuclear compartment in cells present in a breast tissue sample from the patient; and comparing the level of expression so obtained to a predetermined level of expression wherei

The present invention provides methods and compositions related to the detection and/or monitoring of the levels of angiogenic factors, specifically VEGF, PlGF and sFlt-1, in urine samples obtained from pregnant women and the effects of such levels on the risk of developing complications of pregnancy, including hypertensive disorders such as preeclampsia, in the first, second, and/or third trimester of pregnancy. The present invention also provides kits for identifying and screening patients at

The method for cell identification and quantification comprises bonding specific surface proteins of cells immobilised on the surface of the electrochemical transducer with specific antibodies conjugated with gold nanoparticles, and subsequent nanoparticle detection and quantification through hydrogen generation catalysed by said nanoparticles at an appropriate potential. It furthermore comprises the application thereof in a method of diagnosis and/or prognosis of a disease involving the express

The invention relates to a method for diagnosing coagulation disorders by determining dense granule deficiencies in platelets. The method can be used to detect the inorganic polyphosphate content of biological samples, particularly platelets, and to establish a correlation between the amount of inorganic polyphosphate determined in the biological samples, particularly platelets, and the tendency to present a platelet dense granule deficiency. The invention also relates to a kit for diagnosing co

The invention relates to the use of the MASP-52 protein, from the mucin-associated surface protein (MASP) family, for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of Chagas disease, including a method for detecting the presence of the T. cruzi parasite in individuals, a method for obtaining data that can be used for diagnosing Chagas disease and a diagnostic kit containing the elements necessary for analysing the quantity of MASP-52 protein in a biological sample.

The invention relates to a method and kit as useful tools for classifying a patient diagnosed with mantle cell lymphoma as indolent or conventional. The method comprises: a) providing a sample from a patient with MCL; b) defining the level of expression of at least one selected gene from the group consisting of: RNGTT, HDGFRP3, FARP1, HMGB3, LGALS3BP, PON2, CDK2AP1, DBN1, CNR1, CNN3, SOX11, SETMAR and CSNK1E in the sample; and c) comparing the level of expression of each of the genes measured wi

The present invention relates to the identification of markers for the disease conditions related to Inflammatory Bowel Disease. The uses of such markers in diagnosis of inflammatory Bowel Disease and a novel method for their identification are herein described. We were able to discriminate between patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and normal individuals by determining whether the exhaled air contained markers selected from that set. We also found that these markers can be used in the ear

The present invention relates to the identification of markers for the disease conditions related to asthma. The exhaled air of the patient is analysed with GC-MS and the amount of asthma markers m the breath is used to diagnose asthma The markers used are- carbon disulfide (CS2 ), l-penten-2-on, butanoic acid, 3- (1-methylethyl) -benzene and benzoic acid and hydrocarbons with the empirical formulas C13H28 and C11H24.

The present invention relates to the identification of markers for the disease conditions related to cystic fibrosis (CF) The uses of such markers in diagnosis and a novel method for their identification are herein described. We were able to discriminate between patients with cystic fibrosis and normal individuals by determining whether the exhaled air contained markers selected from that set. We also found that these markers can be used in the early diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. Moreover, these

The invention relates to diagnostic and therapeutic tools and applications, particularly useful in diseases that affect vascular health and in inflammatory diseases. In particular, said diagnostic and therapeutic tools employ suitable detection or modulation of endothelial glycocalyx.

The present invention relates to a method for identifying a subject at risk of developing heart failure, comprising: (a) determining the level of one or more biological markers in a biological sample of said subject; (b) comparing the level of said biological marker to a standard level of the same biological marker; and (C) determining whether the level of the marker is indicative of a risk for developing heart failure, wherein the biological marker is Krüppel Like Factor 15 (KLF-15) and/or lys

The present invention relates to a method for identifying a subject at risk of developing hypertensive end organ damage, such as and in particular heart failure, comprising: a) obtaining a biological sample of said subject; b) determining the level of at least one non-myocytal marker in said sample; c) comparing the level of said marker to a standard level; and d) determining whether the level of the marker is indicative of a risk for developing hypertensive end organ damage. The non-myocytical

The invention relates to a population model for the analysis of blood lipoprotein physiology in a test subject comprising: a. a submodel for the production of blood lipoproteins; b. a submodel for the lipolysis of blood lipoproteins; c. a submodel for the reabsorption of blood lipoproteins; and d. a submodel relating blood lipoprotein particle size to biochemical composition, more specifically triglyceride content, thereby providing an analysis of the physiological processes underlying a steady

The present invention relates to the field of diagnostics. Specifically, it relates to means and methods for determining the replicative senescence status of a cell culture and for assessing the suitability of a cell culture for therapeutic uses.

The invention relates to correcting signals measured in magnetic induction tomography with regard to a phase error. In the tomography system, an object (OBJ) is exposed to alternating magnetic fields by transmitter coils (SP1, SP2, SP3) located at specific transmitter positions, alternating voltage signals are picked up through receiver coils (ES1, ES2, ES3) located at specific receiver positions, and an image of the spatial distribution of the electrical properties within the object is reconstr

he present invention relates to a method for detecting a wound infection comprising the steps of : - contacting a sample obtained from a wound with at least two substrates for at least two enzymes selected from the group consisting of lysozyme, elastase, cathepsin G and myeloperoxidase, and - detecting a wound infection when a conversion of the at least two substrates with said at least two enzymes are determined.

A method for improving the diagnostic assessment of cartilage degenerative processes, and to provide means of monitoring the effects of therapeutical measures taken towards arthritic diseases in most mammals utilizes an immunoassay to detect fragments of collagen type II resulting from collagenase activity comprising an antibody directed against an epitope comprised in the amino acid sequence HRGYPGLDG, located in the helical region of collagen type II.

Methods are described for improving the diagnostic possibilities of diseases where oxidative NO-modifications occur, for example inflammatory conditions, cancer, Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease, and to provide means of monitoring the effects of therapeutical measures taken towards such diseases. The invention enables the detection of disease specific catabolic markers related to oxidative NO-modifications, utilizing an immunoassay comprising antibodies directed against nitrated and non-nitrat

The present invention relates to a blood marker for early detection and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. More specifically, it relates to an analysis of the protein glycan profile in the blood, and the identification of specific peak ratio's when compared to healthy aged matched subjects that are typical for Alzheimer's dementia.

Apparatus comprising a member (6) arranged to revolve about a remote centre of motion (O) and a base link (3) coupled to a mounting fixture (1). A first link (4) and a second link (5) are pivotably coupled to the member at respective distances (L1, L2) from the remote centre of motion (O) and are translatable relative to the base link (3) along a f irst direction and at a f ixed ratio of displacement. The ratio of said respective distances equals said fixed ratio of displacement, enabling the me

The present invention relates to a diagnostic marker comprising at least one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the human KATIII gene, as well as to a method for the detection of a predisposition for a psychiatric disorder or a psychiatric disease.

The present invention relates to new methods of diagnosing several autoimmune diseases. More particularly the present invention relates to methods and compositions for detecting anti-heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein autoantibodies for diagnosing these autoimmune diseases. More in particular, the present invention relates to methods and compositions for detecting anti- heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins-E, -F, -H, -A1, and -B1, including any combinations of these, for diagnosing auto

The invention relates to novel fluorescent compounds derived from non-fluorinated dipyrromethene-boron, to a method for preparing same and to the use thereof for the fluorescent marking of biological molecules. The invention also relates to biological molecules marked with said fluorescent compounds, and to the use thereof in detection methods such as medical diagnosis methods. More particularly, the detection methods of the invention are particularly useful for diagnosing neurodegenerative dise

The present invention relates to a method for reading an emulsion (3) comprising drops and a continuous phase surrounding the drops, wherein said method comprises: two-dimensional scanning of the emulsion (3), and construction of a two-dimensional image of the emulsion (3) on the basis of said scanning. Preferably, the drops do not move during the scanning, this being achieved, for example, by solidifying the continuous phase or by using a compact or semi-compact two-dimensional network of drops

The invention relates to a portable device for speech recognition and/or reconstruction by ultrasonically probing the vocal apparatus, wherein the device comprises at least one ultrasonic transducer (20) for generating an ultrasonic wave and receiving a wave reflected by the vocal apparatus of the user, and means for analyzing a signal generated by the ultrasonic transducer, characterized in that the device comprises locating means (21; 23) for determining a relative position of the ultrasonic t

An electrode comprising a conducting substrate for detecting species such as nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), oxygen (O2) and hydrogen (H2) and a polymer matrix formed from a first layer only or first and second layers with the second layer applied to the first. The matrix forms a permselective barrier. Each layer has a first pre-coat or first and second pre-coats. Each pre-coat may be formed by: depositing a liquid form of at least one halogenated polymer such as fluorinated or chlorina

The present invention provides a method of diagnosing coeliac disease, said method comprising analysing a sample of nucleic acid from a human subject to determine the presence or absence of one or more single nucleic polymorphisms (SNPs) in one or more human chromosomal regions selected from the group consisting of Iq31, 2ql l-2ql2, 3p21, 3q25-3q26, 3q28, 6q25 and 12q24.

The present invention relates to a method, including a diagnostic method, for characterising platelets. More particularly, the invention relates to methods for characterising platelets by immobilising platelets on a substrate for detection and subsequent characterisation, and to devices on which such a method may be practiced. The method comprises the steps of:- a.contacting a substrate that includes a plurality of discrete platelet- binding zones having a surface area of 7850 [mu]m2 orless with

The present inventors have demonstrated that circulating auto-antibodies to cancer antigens hold promise as specific and sensitive biomarkers for the early detection of cancer. The present invention thus relates to methods of detecting cancer in a sample, comprising utilising a glycopeptide bait derived from human mucins with different cancer-associated O-glycans. Detected antibodies were demonstrated as glycopeptide specific, and it could be discriminated between e.g. colorectal cancer patients

The present invention relates to a method of detecting and/or quantifying a target molecule from a sample obtained from a subject wherein the method comprises: (i) incubating a fusion protein or conjugate comprising a Ter binding polypeptide fused to at least one anti-target molecule or fragment thereof with a partially double-stranded oligonucleotide for a time and under conditions sufficient to bind to said Ter binding polypeptide thereby producing a complex; (ii) incubating said complex in th

A method of providing cognitive training to a user, the method including, in a processing system, presenting a cognitive task to a user, the cognitive task requiring the user to view presented information and provide at least one input response; determining the at least one input response using an input device; determining from a measuring device a measure of electrical activity in the user's brain whilst performing the cognitive task; and, determining a score based on at least one of the at lea

The present disclosure provides a method of providing quantitative information about a property of the lower airways of a lung using optical coherence tomography. The method comprises inserting a probe head of an anatomical optical coherence tomography device into the lower airways. Further, the method comprises directing light to, and receiving reflected light from, an internal wall portion of the lower airways. The light is suitable for optical coherence tomography. An electronic signal indica

The present invention relates to a method for predicting the severity of an acute sickness response in a subject, said method comprising detecting the presence of a polymorphic marker in the subject, wherein said polymorphic marker is located in a cytokine-encoding gene, and wherein said polymorphic marker is predictive of the severity of an acute sickness response in the subject. The present invention relates to a method for predicting the severity of an acute sickness response in a subject, sa

A method for use in diagnosis of endometriosis in a subject comprising detecting a cytokeratin (19) gene product in a biological sample from said subject, wherein detection of the cytokeratin (19) gene product is indicative of endometriosis. The gene product may be a nucleic acid or an amino acid sequence, such as a cytokeratin (19) polypeptide or fragment thereof. The invention also provides kits, systems and devices useful for the method and components, such as agents capable of binding to and

A compound of formula (I) wherein, X and Y independently bind TSPO, wherein X and Y are the same or different; and L is a linker that links X to Y; or a salt or solvate thereof. For preference, X and Y may be (II) or (III). The compounds may be radiolabeled with a radioisotope. Also methods for diagnosing or treating TSPO related disorders such as neurodegenerative disorder, inflammation or anxiety, eg.Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, multiple s

The present invention relates to compounds that are useful as metal ligands and which either contain a molecular recognition moiety or can be bound to a molecular recognition moiety and methods of making these compounds. Once the compounds that contain a molecular recognition moiety are coordinated with a suitable metallic radionuclide, the coordinated compounds are useful as radiopharmaceuticals in the areas of radiotherapy and diagnostic imaging. The invention therefore also relates to methods

Disclosed is a purified multimeric complex from P. gingivalis, the complex comprising at least one domain from each of RgpA, Kgp and HagA, and having a molecular weight greater than about 300 kDa. Also disclosed are methods for obtaining the antigenic complex and its use to treat Porphyromonas gingivalis.

A system and method for assessing the function of parts of the nervous system of a subject by measuring the pupillary responses to at least one stimulus ensemble comprising a plurality of individual stimuli; the method comprising: presenting a sequence of selected individual stimuli from the at least one stimulus ensemble to the nervous system of a subject thereby evoking pupillary responses in at least one pupil of the subject, selected individual stimuli being concurrently presented in the seq

The invention describes a method for identifying an individual exhibiting symptoms of, or having a propensity to develop muscular dystrophy comprising determining the level of expression in a tissue sample from the individual of one or more proteins selected from pax-7, caveolin-3 and/or fast-myosin. The use of caveolin-3 to treat muscular dystrophy and compositions containing the compound are also claimed.

The present invention relates to clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease or early- stage Alzheimer's disease in the live patient. In particular, the invention provides a screening method which can be used to assist with diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in live human subjects, or to identify human subjects with a predisposition to Alzheimer's disease.

A diagnostic and self-healing treatment system for a semiconductor device, the system provides: i) a shunt busting/blocking treatment, ii) self-healing treatment, and iii) an in-situ non-contact diagnostic determination.

Disclosed is a fluid sampling device comprising a plurality of inlet channels, each of which is arranged to receive an airflow from an associated direction, such that a sampling medium associated with a particular inlet channel is exposed to airflow from the associated direction.
The present invention relates to fluid sampling devices and more particularly, but not exclusively, to fluid sampling devices able to provide directional information and requiring no power source.
It is desirable

Described are gastrointestinal cancer specific biomarkers comprising the nucleic acid sequence of the Engrailed-2 (EN2) gene or the amino acid sequence of the encoded EN2 protein. Also described are uses of the biomarkers in the treatment, diagnosis, monitoring and imaging of gastrointestinal cancer.

The invention relates to a method for aiding the diagnosis of bilial atresia in a subject, said method comprising (i) determining the level of ADMA in a blood sample from said subject, wherein said blood sample comprises a dried blood spot; (ii) comparing the level of ADMA determined in (i) to a reference ADMA value, wherein a higher level of ADMA in the sample from said subject compared to to said reference value identifies said subject as having an increased likelihood of bilial atresia.

The invention provides a method for identifying whether a pregnant subject has an increased risk of preterm labour comprising measuring the progesterone concentration in a sample obtained from the subject, wherein a reduced progesterone concentration is indicative of an increased risk of preterm labour and delivery.

A method of obtaining, in a single exposure, imaging information from an object (16) representative of more than two distinct illumination images, the method comprising the steps of generating first electromagnetic waves (14) at least some of which having spatially modulated polarisation; illuminating the object with the first electromagnetic waves; and capturing second electromagnetic waves (18) emanating from the object.

The invention relates to markers for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), particularly markers that may be used in the rapid and accurate diagnosis of AMI or reinfarction. A method of diagnosing cardiac injury comprising identifying an elevated concentration of cardiac myosin binding protein C (cMyBP-C) or a fragment thereof or myosin regulatory light chain 2 (MLC2) or a fragment thereof in a sample obtained from a subject.

Bioconjugates for use in imaging are disclosed include a linker sequence fused to a polypeptide capable of binding a target in a biological system. The linker sequence is designed so that it is capable of being radiolabelled, e.g. with a complex comprising a radionuclide, via a free cysteine residue and the polyhistidine sequence in the label that are both capable of simultaneously binding to a complex comprising the radionuclide. These interactions can improve significantly the rate and efffici

The present invention relates to phosphodiesterase 4D7 (PDE4D7) for use as a marker for prostate cancer, and the use of PDE4D7 as a marker for diagnosing, detecting, monitoring or prognosticating prostate cancer or the progression of prostate cancer. The present invention also relates to a composition for diagnosing, detecting, monitoring or prognosticating prostate cancer or the progression of prostate cancer, a corresponding method and immunoassay, a method for diagnosing, monitoring or progno

The present invention provides a novel lactate difference imaging (LDI) technique, allowing assessment of the metabolic responses of tissue over a period of time. This approach utilises lactate change over a time period as an indicator of viable tissue, and offers benefits in the management and treatment of the effects of many common diseases, in particular stroke.

The present invention relates to agents that act in concert with sigma receptor ligands to enhance their effectiveness in the treatment of cancer and inflammatory disease. It also relates to methods whereby agents can be identified that will be of use in combination with sigma ligands in the treatment of the aforesaid diseases.

An apparatus and method for in-vivo detection of magnetically labelled biological molecules or cells, located in a flowing medium in a human or animal body such as the blood stream (13). The apparatus provides a magnetic field to a region of interest inside the body in order to attract the magnetically labelled biological molecules or cells (15) to the region of interest. A second magnetic field provides a variable magnetic field to the region of interest and which transfers energy to the magnet

An image quality evaluation device is disclosed in the present invention, including: an image analyzer, adapted to analyze the parameters of an image to obtain parameter values; and an evaluation unit, adapted to evaluate the quality of an image based on parameter values in line with the predetermined standard and generate the evaluation result. An image quality evaluation method is disclosed in the present invention, including: analyze the parameters of an image to obtain parameter values; and

Methods for amplifying a target nucleic acid by self-sustained amplification methods are described. The methods are designed, in particular, to be carried out without use of specialised lab facilities or instruments. Compositions, lyophilised formulations, and kits for carrying out the methods are also described.

This invention relates to biosensors for detecting analyte molecules, such as nucleic acids, in a sample solution. The biosensors comprise a capture electrode which has probe molecules immobilised at its surface which specifically bind to analyte molecules. The probe molecules are separated on the surface of the capture electrode by spacer molecules and the proportion of probe molecules to spacer molecules is less than 10%. Changes in the electrical properties of the capture electrode surface ar

A system and method for reducing the number of hypoglycemic alarms presented to a user is presented. The system and methods include use of model based state estimation and variable-delayed threshold values to balance the risk of not presenting an alarm caused by an actual hypoglycemic state with the presentation of alarms caused by artifacts in the signals produced by a continuous glucose monitor.

In one example of the invention a patient display is provided on which a fixation graphic or video is shown in substantially the centre of the display, and then target graphics or video are shown at different positions on the display about the centre. A test subject is positioned in front of the patient display a known distance therefrom, and a camera captures an image of the test subject's eyes, to allow gaze direction determination to be performed. The captured images are displayed to a clinic

The invention relates to a method of diagnosing or monitoring schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder.
Schizophrenia is a psychiatric diagnosis that describes a mental disorder characterized by abnormalities in the perception or expression of reality. It most commonly manifests as auditory hallucinations, paranoid or bizarre delusions, or disorganized speech and thinking with significant social or occupational dysfunction. Onset of symptoms typically occurs in young adulthood, with approxim

This invention relates to methods of testing, diagnosing, monitoring, prognostically stratifying and classifying disease, disorders and other medical conditions and physiological states through the detection and analysis of soluble CD antigens in a body fluid sample.

Apparatus for variably cycling the depth of water in a water tank (4, 4A) between an upper water level and a lower water level. The apparatus comprises a water outlet aperture (5,5A) for location in the tank and having a size to enable water to flow out of the tank at an output rate; pulley strings (7, 7A) for moving the water outlet aperture between an upper position in the tank and a lower position in the tank; and a water inlet (8) for supplying water into the water tank at an input rate; and

Method of quantitatively and qualitatively determining the degree of metal impurity in a soft soldering bath consists of monitoring the sonic impulses emitted as an intermetallic phase grows on the surface of a solderable metal (2) which is in contact with the bath (6.1). The sonic impulses are transferred via the clamp device (2) and coupling rod (3) to a vibraiton receiver (4) which converts the pulses to electrical pulses and then transfers these to evaluation device (5) via covered cable (8)

The measuring precision of an FMCW radar for location of reflection in optical fibres (LWL) is increased by forming differential frequency of a mixing signal (fM) from transmit and reception signal. The mixed signal is mixed again with a triggered auxiliary signal (fH) with tunable frequency. One of the side bands, generated by the mixing, is spectrally analysed. In addition the instantaneous value of the auxiliary signal frequency is used also for signal evaluation. The evaluation interval in t

The method involves monitoring operation of a heating device (11) such that the heating device is deactivated by a control device (14) of a safety device by deviation of the operation from operation defaults. Room temperature of a sauna cabin (10) is detected by a temperature detection element (13) i.e. bimetallic switch, during heating for controlling the control device. The control device is provided to signalize a warning signal during malfunctioning of the control device. Temperature target

The method involves testing an operating procedure of a protection device (1), where functions of the procedure requires a preset operation time period during utilization of the device for protecting a power transmission network (2). A time measuring device (7) of the protection device is operated for testing the protection device such that the operating procedure is tested in a short time period than the operation time period of the operating procedure. The protection device is connected with t

Brief Description
Researchers have developed a laser imaging system that accurately assesses the pulp vitality of a tooth. This system can assess and image the pulp vitality without pain to the patient and the method used by the system is non-invasive.
Advantages
Pulp vitality test is crucial in monitoring the state of health of dental pulp especially after traumatic injury. Traditionally, thermal and electrical pulp testing methods have yielded false positive or false negative readings on

Background
Conventional methods to detect the presence or quantity of specific proteins or other molecules in biological samples rely on the use of target-specific probes such as antibodies, which can be detected via chemical tags or fluorescent labels. However, conjugating labels to proteins can alter the functional properties of a probe and thus a number of label-free methods to detect proteins such as the use of functionalized silicon nano-wires or carbon nano-tubes have been developed. How

Compounds that bind to DNA could be used to target drugs to DNA and to regulate expression of genes. Indeed, many compounds have been discovered (e.g. Distamycin) which bind to the minor groove of DNA, but the bond is too weak for reliable medical application.
Scientists at the University of California have discovered a class of novel compounds that have a high binding affinity for DNA (Keq>=109 M-1). The compounds bind in the minor grooves of the double helix and extend into the major groov

PATENT ABSTRACT:
Aqueous compositions, test kits and methods can be used to detect hydrogen peroxide or vanadium bromoperoxidase by generating a chemiluminescent signal in the presence of the analyte. Signal generation as well as reaction kinetics are improved by using a composition which comprises a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione derivative; a halogen, pseudohalogen, halogen-providing or pseudohalogen-providing source; and a peroxide or peroxide-generating reagent composition.
REFERENCE

BACKGROUND: One method of studying tumors in mice is by using the CRE recombination system to delete or overexpress cancer-control genes in particular tissues at particular times. However, a hurdle in studying tumorogenesis is the difficulty in monitoring the progress of tumors in vivo. Current techniques require sacrifice of the animal followed by in situ work. These methods require the use of large numbers of animals and preclude the possibility of following the progress of a particular tumor

BACKGROUND: The need for efficient assays to detect DNA sequences is enormous and constantly growing. The recent increases in the number of sequenced genomes for bacterial and viral pathogens as well as humans provide the potential for improved medicine and diagnostics. Molecular beacon-based nucleic acid detection platforms are actively being pursued in basic research and are now emerging as the basis of powerful new sensing and diagnostic methods. However, optical detection requires high beaco

This method employs two separate molecular screening tests: one that tests for mutation in the BRAF gene sequence (reported in colon cancer), and one that tests for microsatellite instability (MSI) among the numerous adjacent DNA base pairs that repeat in tandem up to five times. These screening tests together are used to indicate the presence of colorectal cancer and the associated five-year survival rates. If a BRAF mutation is indicated in conjunction with a microsatellite-stable cancer, th

Background
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common type of adult leukemia in the Western world. The American Cancer Society estimated 15,340 new cases of CLL and 4500 deaths from the disease in the US in 2007. Most cases of CLL affect the B-cells, and this form of the disease is known as B-CLL.
CLL is present in two main stages – indolent and aggressive. Those with indolent disease can live for many years with few symptoms and little impact on their lives.

The Background
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disease affecting primarily motor neurons of the motor cortex, brainstem and spinal cord. Pathological hallmarks of ALS are protein inclusion bodies found in the diseased motor neurons. Disease starts as a mild muscle weakness which progresses to complete paralysis and eventual death, usually within 2-5 years from diagnosis. Diagnosis is based solely on clinical manifestations and is usually a process of e

Background
Each year, 182,000 women are struck by breast cancer in the United States alone. The earlier the disease is detected, the better the prognosis. To this end, there are about 14,000 mammography machines installed in the United States, performing about 24 million mammograms a year, nine out of 10 of which are routine screenings performed on asymptomatic women.
Mammographic density has been linked to an increased chance for breast cancer. Women with high mammographic densities

Background
Each year, 182,000 women are struck by breast cancer in the United States alone. The earlier the disease is detected, the better the prognosis. To this end, there are about 14,000 mammography machines installed in the United States, performing about 24 million mammograms a year, nine out of 10 of which are routine screenings performed on asymptomatic women.
Accurate information regarding compressed breast thickness is an important factor for estimating volumetric breast densi

Small devices that can rapidly and accurately analyze chemical and biological molecules are required by many industries. Homeland security and the medical community lead the list. Current instruments are either too large to be used as a first responder in the field, too slow in giving results to analyze large amounts of protein data, or too costly for widespread use.
The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory has invented and is patenting techniques and methods for using precisio

Cooling towers, which are an inexpensive and environmentally friendly method to control process and building temperatures, require the addition of anti-fouling and corrosion inhibiting chemicals. PBTC (2-phosphonobutane 1,2,4 tricarboxylic acid) and HEDP (hydroxy ethylidene diphosphonic acid) are the main anti-cladding and corrosion inhibitors used in the United States. As yet, there is no reliable and inexpensive electronic monitoring device to allow each building to determine when additional P

A sensor array system for detecting the position of an object or energy source. The system includes a plurality of sensors, each sensor having a limited field of view and being capable of detecting an object or energy source that is positioned within its field of view. The fields of view of at least some of the sensors overlap the fields of view of other sensors, and the overlapping fields of view define unique spatial regions. A data acquisition system is operatively connected to the plurality

The potential difficulties and pitfalls of many automated detection techniques can be summarized as follows: a. Too little enhancement may preclude the detection of minor microcalcification peaks while too much enhancement may increase significantly the amplitude of small background structures (noise) and thus produce a large number of false detections. An acceptable compromise may not exist in some images, and in those images where it exists, it can change from image to image and can be difficu

An ionizing radiation detector employs optical fibers as the medium for sensing ionizing radiation emitted by a radioactive source. Light in the infrared region is pumped continuously through an optical fiber located in an area or region where the unintentional discharge of ionizing radiation may be expected, so that such emission is detected the moment it occurs. The source of optical light emits a constant output within a specific wavelength band which changes only when irradiation of the fibe

A capacitive chemical sensor is disclosed that uses an ion exchange layer to detect analyte ions in a liquid medium. An exchange mechanism occurs on the surface of the ion exchange layer, wherein portions of the counter-ions are removed from the surface in favor of analyte ions. The resulting movement of counter-ions from the surface of the ion exchange layer alters the dielectric constant of the liquid medium along the surface of the ion exchange layer. This change in dielectric constant produc

Abstract (Set) Accordingly, the present invention is directed to biological compounds derivatized so as to contain at least one perfluoro-t-butyl moiety for use in fluorine-19 NMR and/or MRI studies. The perfluoro-t-butyl (PFTB) moiety, ##STR1## is an excellent reporter group for fluorine-19 NMR/MRI. It is a source of nine magnetically equivalent fluorine nuclei which generate a single intense resonance for easy detection in spectroscopy or imaging. This signal is a sharp singlet, not split by

Abstract (Set) A rat hybridoma producing a high-affinity IgG2a monoclonal antibody (B3B4) directed against the murine lymphocyte IgE receptor (FcR) was established by using purified FcR from FcR+ murine hybridoma B cells as immunogen. The monoclonal and polyclonal anti-FcR inhibited the binging of IgE to the murine lymphocyte FcR and were also used to isolate the FcR. B3B4 specifically recognized only the 49-Kd FcR or murine B lymphocyte as determined by immunoprecipitation and SDS-PAGE analysi

Mutations were found in the cystic fibrosis conductance regulator protein (CFTR) between codons 548 - 560. These mutations are associated with the cystic fibrosis phenotype and provide a genetic screen or diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.

Abstract (Set) A herpes virus proteinase has been identified and cloned from cytomegalovirus. The substrate for the proteinase, which is an assembly protein precursor, has also been identified. The proteinase is useful in an assay for identifying inhibitors as potential antiviral therapies. Such inhibitors are based upon the structure and sequence of the substrate. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) Assay for inhibitors of herpes virus, particularly cytomegalovirus, as potential therape

Abstract (Set) Method and apparatus for laser ablation of the cornea to correct strabismus. The laser beam is controlled by a system of limiting shutters to cut prism lenses into the cornea. The ablation is to remain substantially within the Bowman's layer, keeping scarring to a minimum.

The methods and materials in this invention relate to selective and non-invasive visualization, or treatment such as chemical occlusion, of vasculature in the mammalian eye. The methods utilize fluorescent dyes and tissue-reactive substances encapsulated within heat-sensitive liposomes which are subsequently heated to release the contents thereof at a pre-determined anatomical locus. The methods of this invention further utilize tissue-reactive agents which, when activated, are effective to caus

The methods and materials in this invention relate to selective and non-invasive visualization, or treatment such as chemical occlusion, of vasculature in the mammalian eye. The methods utilize fluorescent dyes and tissue-reactive substances encapsulated within heat-sensitive liposomes which are subsequently heated to release the contents thereof at a pre-determined anatomical locus. The methods of this invention further utilize tissue-reactive agents which, when activated, are effective to caus

A method for screening individuals at risk for prostate cancer progression is disclosed. The method is useful for evaluating cells from patients at risk for recurrence of prostate cancer following surgery for prostate cancer. Specifically, the method uses specific Markovian nuclear texture factors, alone or in combination with other biomarkers, to determine whether the cancer will progress or lose organ confinement. In addition, methods of predicting the development of fatal metastatic disease b

A new tumor suppressor gene, HIC-1, has been found. Abnormal DNA methylation of a CpG island, which includes this gene, was found in breast, brain, renal, lung, colon cancer and leukemias. In low-grade astrocytomas, 100% of tumors showed abnormal methylation of the CpG island in this new gene. 75% of high-grade brain tumors had this change, suggesting another route of glioblastoma formation, which by passes methylation and low-grade stage. The CpG island was found to be methylated in 83% of colo

Abstract (Set) We have discovered that a glycoshphingolipid ,digalactosylceramide serves as a receptor for SEB.And we have developed a recptor based immunoassay to detect n mole level of this toxin in blood Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) This technology may be used in detecting small quantities of SEB in human fluids and foods

A mutation has been found in the Beta3-adrenergic receptor gene, which is associated with obesity and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type II). The presence of the mutation indicates a susceptibility to obesity and earlier onset of diabetes. The initial genotyping was carried out in the Pima Indian population, known to have a very high prevalence of obesity and diabetes but has been extended to, and validated in Caucasians, Mexican Americans and African Americans. Persons harboring the

Abstract (Set) Analyzing the data from coronary imaging of plaque is a complex process that makes it extremely difficult to compare any coronary plaque related information in a population-based study. The method disclosed here presents a system of statistical and analytical techniques to identify systematic relationships in the data to enable inter and intra subject comparisons of coronary non-calcified plaque. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) A major obstacle in understanding the dis

Abstract (Set) A simple method of collecting biomarkers that is fast, simple, and accurate is important for both research investigations and clinical management. There is currently limited number of methods to obtain breath biomarkers noninvasively. This new method of biomarker collection though exhaled breath is easy, quick, and does not require cooling of the breath that previous methods of breath collection have required. This has the effect of increasing the stability of the collected bioma

Abstract (Set) Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer affecting men in the United States. Biochemical (PSA) recurrence of prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy remains a major problem. Better biomarkers are needed to identify high and low-risk patients. DNA methylation of promoter regions leads to gene silencing in many cancers. Scientists at Johns Hopkins University have discovered the methylation profile of two genes which are independently associated with an increase

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) account for more than 7 million outpatient visits to physicians' offices and well over one million hospital admissions in the United States annually. In ambulatory patients alone, the national health care cost of UTIs is estimated to approach $1 billion. In an era in which controlling health care costs is a national priority, improvements in the management of UTI can and should be made. Despite the prevalence of UTIs, particularly among women, the availability of

Abstract (Set) A variety of structural modifications (lesions) are produced in DNA when the biopolymer is exposed to oxidative stress. Lesions can be genotoxic and/or cytotoxic, and are useful biomarkers. Selective, quantitative detection of lesions is useful for rapidly determining the effects of DNA damaging agents. We have developed a simple method for selectively quantifying two oxidized abasic lesions at femtomole levels. The abasic lesions are detected using a biotinylated reagent synthes

Abstract (Set) It is generally agreed that internal human xenografts provide the best animal models to study the microenvironments and metastatic processes occurring in human cancers. However, the use of such models is hampered by the logistical difficulties of reproducibly and simply assessing tumor burden. JHU researchers have developed a high-sensitivity PCR based assay for quantifying human DNA in small volumes of mouse plasma, enabling in-life monitoring of systemic tumor burden. Growth ki

Abstract (Set) Activation of the MAPK signaling pathway has been implicated in many human cancers. Scientists at JHU have discovered that the expression profile of two biomarkers in the ovarian cancer cell line MPSC1 is regulated by the deactivation of the MAPK pathway. Through real-time PCR, they further observed the regulatory effect at the transcriptional level. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) The discovery provided interesting insight into cancer biology. The two biomarkers have

Abstract (Set) Cell tracking has found major applications in immune and stern cell therapy. This is commonly done with MRI and MR contrast agents, radionuclide imaging agents, or positron emission tomography agents. No methods exist for efficient radiopaque labeling and X-ray tracking of cells, nor acoustic labeling and cellular ultrasound imaging. As the latter two imaging modalities are the most ubiquitous and frequently used for interventional procedures and guided injections, suitable metho

Abstract (Set) Epigenetic changes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of solid tumors and almost all types of cancers primarily via abnormal promoter hypermethylation and silencing of tumor suppressor gene expression. Epigenetic changes are changes in an organism brought about by alterations in the action of genes. JHU scientists have discovered a method to diagnose cancer, specifically, but not limited to, Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC

Abstract (Set) A member of the deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) family has been shown to associate with the ubiquitin E3 ligase GRAIL and to control GRAIL expression. Johns Hopkins researchers now show that the same DUB is a highly specific cleavage enzyme, cleaving only lysine 48 (K48)-linked polyubiquitin chains but not K63-, K29/K6-, or K11-linked polyubiquitin, or linear a-linked polyubiquitin. The high specificity for K48 linkages is not limited to the distal or proximal end of a polyubiquiti

INVENTION: A new method of performing and analyzing protein-protein interactions, immuno-hybridization, and nucleic hybridization has been developed. This novel method utilizes capture particles immobilized on a thin film coated on a planar substrate. The particles can be arranged on the substrate as an array, and a variety of capture particles can be placed onto a single substrate. The analyte of interest is incubated with the array, and an optical detection system is subsequently used to quant

INVENTION: A cellular compartment (termed Cancer Compartment 1 or CC1) that is present predominantly in transformed cells and correlates with the degree of malignancy of breast cancer has been identified (see below). CC1 can be identified in tissue staining or using ELISA and flow cytometry. The correlation between CC1 prevalence and recurrence of the cancer in patients with negative lymph nodes at primary diagnosis has been established. There is evidence that CC1 may be a marker in cancers othe

INVENTION: A diagnostic tool capable of detecting multiple cancer types early in development from a single sample of blood.
SIGNIFICANCE: The ability to detect and diagnose cancer early in its development is critical to the successful outcome of treatment. While new therapies steadily improve outcome of the disease, early detection remains the front line of defense in reducing cancer mortality; the earlier the diagnosis, the better the outcome. Northwestern University researchers have identif

INVENTION: Northwestern researchers identified MIP-1a and MCP-1 as biomarkers for Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CPPS). These markers are easily assayed from expressed prostatic secretions. These are the first biomarkers that are able to diagnose both inflammatory (Type IIIa) and non-inflammatory (Type IIIb) CPPS.
SIGNIFIGANCE: CPPS is a common cause of visits to primary care physicians and urologists. The clinical diagnosis of CPPS depends on patient history and physical examination; currentl

INVENTION: Northwestern researchers have created a Magnetic Resonance Imaging contrast agent providing a non-invasive diagnostic for necrotic tumors. The contrast agent is highly sensitive to the enzyme beta-glucuronidase, present in high extracellular levels near necrotic tumors due to an immune response. This novel agent is significantly more sensitive than current 19F MRI agents for this purpose.
ADVANTAGES: A unique type of MRI contrast agent affording specific, rapid and enhanced sensiti

Abstract (Set) Pancreatic and biliary cancers are two of the most fatal among all human malignancies. Late presentation of the disease and lack of diagnostic markers are the major reasons for a dismal outcome of these cancers. The most widely used diagnostic marker for biliary and pancreatic cancers, CA 19-9, lacks specificity and sensitivity. Thus, there is an immediate need for more reliable diagnostic markers. We have identified proteins that are overexpressed in pancreatic and biliary cance

Abstract (Set) JHU scientists have identified biomarkers specific for autoimmune disease. Systemic autoimmune diseases are life- threatening, complex and can involve various organ systems including skin, joints, the renal system, the hematopoietic system, and the cardiovascular system. In autoimmune disorders, antibodies target self-molecules known as autoantigens. The identification of universal and specific autoantigens as diagnostic tools for disorders such as lupus or scleroderma is of grea

Abstract (Set) The cancer genome is quite unstable with many aberrant genetic translocations dispersed across its sequence. Many chromosomal translocations result in chimeric transcripts resulting in elevated expression levels, believed to be responsible for tumorigenesis. Therefore, it is important to identify these chimeric transcripts, which can be reliable markers for early detection, and provide new targets for drug development. Currently available methods only allow the identification of

The present invention relates to the C3b/C4b receptor (CR1) gene and its encoded protein. The invention also relates to CR1 nucleic acid sequences and fragments thereof comprising 70 nucleotides and their encoded peptides or proteins comprising 24 amino acids. The expression of the CR1 protein and fragments thereof is also described. The genes and proteins of the invention have uses in diagnosis and therapy of disorders involving complement activity, and various immune system or inflammatory dis

Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are the two most common chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). They often share similar clinical characteristics, such as acute and chronic inflammation of the colon, which makes accurate diagnosis difficult. Studies examining the global gene expression profiles in IBD have shown the increased expression of numerous genes involved in inflammation and fibrosis. Understanding how these inflammatory genes are regulated may lead to the development

Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is an autosomal recessive disorder that occurs in approximately 1in 150,000 individuals. The syndrome is characterized by retinitis pigmentosa, polydactyly, obesity, mental retardation, hypogenitalism, renal dysplasia, and short stature. Scientists from JHU, Baylor and France have identified a new BBS gene (BBS12) that accounts for ~ 5% of all BBS cases. BBS12 is vertebrate specific and, together with BBS6 and BBS10, defines a novel branch of the type II chaperonin su

Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) is a human gamma herpes virus that can establish either a latent or lytic infection in host cells. In its latent form, EBV is associated with a number of malignancies such as Burkett?s lymphoma, nasopharyngeal and gastric carcinomas and B-cell lymphoproliferative tumors. EBV lytic induction has been proposed as potential therapy for EBV associated tumors as it causes lysis of infected cancer cells. Until now, there has been a lack of specific, non-toxic drugs that can in

High density lipoproteins (HDL) are considered good or healthy cholesterol that can protect against heart disease. However, there are people who have health problems despite having desirable levels of HDL. There are a number of factors that can contribute to the blood levels of HDL, including genetic problems and lifestyle choices. An invention by JHU researchers has now discovered that a sizeable number of people (approximately 34%) with desirable levels of HDL (defined by the National Choleste

Optical imaging is a non-invasive, diagnostic imaging technology which can be used to inexpensively image pathological conditions with high sensitivity and low tissue irradiation. Technologies using near infrared (NIR) light are preferred in molecular imaging studies because its long wavelength causes less photodamage to cells, and offers better sensitivity. In previous studies, JHU researchers demonstrated that 6-O-glucosamine compounds could be used for biosynthetic fluorescence labeling of l

Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is activated in thyroid cancer. Despite this, its usefulness as a marker in the distinction of benign from malignant neoplasm has not been proven. hTERT is known to have several deletion isoforms or alternative splice variants in addition to its full length isoform: a-, �, a-�, and r-deletions. JHU scientists now report a difference in hTERT alternative splice variant patterns between benign and malignant thyroid tumors as well as demonstrate th

The present invention relates to soluble immune derangements in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with autoimmune, inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). Specifically, IL-6 is selectively and dramatically elevated in the CSF of these patients. IL-6 levels are directly correlated with markers of tissue injury and sustained clinical disability. The present invention relates to specific therapeutic targets in the management of CNS autoimmune conditions, including therapeutic

Presently there are few effective systemic therapies to treat advanced stages of melanoma and the key to improved survival in all affected individuals remains early diagnosis and treatment. Scientists at JHU have identified melanoma progression and invasion-associated markers that are likely to predict disease progression, several of which can readily be detected in the circulating serum of patients. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) The incidence of melanoma is increasing at the highest

This technology describes Cranio-lenticulo-sutural dysplasia (CLSD) as a novel autosomal recessive syndrome, and identifies a missense mutation in SEC23A segregating with this syndrome. SEC23A is an essential component of the COPII-coated vesicles that transport secretory proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi complex. A secretory defect of a distinct set of cargo proteins required for normal morphogenesis appears to accounts for CLSD. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set

from E. coli, and the use of the purified proteins in the fabrication of a proteomic chip. This invention also relates to various methods of using the proteomic chip to identify protein factors which mediate pathogen-host interactions, and to identify novel enzymatic activities associated with such proteins. Despite its status as a well characterized model organism, E. coli remains a major pathogen in humans on account of our incomplete understanding of microbial determinants contributing to its

TGF-beta signal transduction is a primary tumor suppression pathway in breast cancer. Many breast cancer cells gain mechanisms to counteract the TGF-beta inhibitory effect but the mechanisms have remained elusive. Recently, scientists at Johns Hopkins University have identified a new oncogene that appears to regulate the TGF-beta signal transduction pathway in breast cancer. This gene is found to be overexpressed at high frequencies in patients with early stage breast cancer through to late meta

Sarcoidosis is an organ-wide inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that is characterized by the presence of granulomas, and frequently, pulmonary dysfunction. Currently there are no definitive diagnostic tests, and treatment regimes consist of drugs with significant side-effects. Johns Hopkins scientists have newly discovered that the exaggerated immune response in sarcoidosis patients is triggered by the catalase-peroxidase protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This novel discovery will p

Abstract (Set) Patients presenting at an emergency room with acute chest pain are likely to be evaluated for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), pulmonary embolism (PE), aortic dissection (AD) and other less fatal conditions, all of which have indistinguishable symptoms. Although rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment is critical to the patient?s life, current diagnostic tests such as high resolution CT scanning and ventilation perfusion scanning are time-consuming and low in diagnostic yield. Sc

Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is characterized by multiple clinical phenotypes including retinal dystrophy, polydactyly, cognitive defects and retinal dysplasia. To date, nine BBS genes have been cloned and determined to contain 40-50% of the total mutational load of the disease. Scientists at Johns Hopkins University have discovered yet another BBS gene, BBS10, which explains greater than 20% of all mutations resulting in Bardet-Biedl syndrome. The novel discovery of BBS10 and the extent of its c

Microarrays are used as an investigative tool for answering questions concerning DNA sequence and structure, gene expression, and the location of protein binding targets. Although microarray systems are considered high-throughput compared to pre-existing technologies, they are currently limited by feature number that compromises tiling density, and ultimately, data quality. In addition, microarrays are expensive research tools. Even the cost of a simple experiment may be unaffordable to the aver

Hypermethylation of CpG island (CGI) sequences is a nearly universal somatic genome alteration in cancer. The rapid and sensitive detection of DNA hypermethylation can aid in cancer diagnosis and risk stratification but its detection has remained labor-intensive and time-consuming. To address these issues, scientists at JHU developed a novel technology, called COMPARE-MS (Combination of Methylated-DNA Precipitation and Methylation Sensitive Restriction Enzymes), that can rapidly and quantitative

Hypoxia-Induced Mitogenic Factor (HIMF; also known as FIZZ1/RELM? a member of the resistin protein family, is a secreted protein that was found to be highly up regulated in the lungs as a result of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. HIMF has pro-mitogenic, antiogenic and inflammatory properties and is implicated in a number of pulomonary (asthma, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary vascular disease), inflammatory (inflammatory lung disease, sepsis, AIDS), and cardiac (hyp

Cystic fibrosis is a common lethal genetic disease which is manifest by intrinsic hyperactivation of proinflammatory signaling pathways in the lung. However, the mechanism linking the CFTR mutation to inflammatory disease is still not known. Researchers from Johns Hopkins and The Uniformed Services University of Health have identified nucleic acid and protein markers whose abundance and synthesis is significantly increased in cystic fibrosis patients and cell lines. In addition, an antibody micr

Multidrug resistance (MDR) can develop during chemotherapy to desensitize tumors to a variety of structurally and functionally different chemotherapeutic agents and is linked to the expression of ATP drug efflux transporters such as MDR1 P-glycoporin and MRP. MDR can be detected in vitro with molecular and functional assays, however clinically, it is necessary to monitor tumor MDR status during the course of therapy but this normally involves multiple invasive biopsy procedures. In vivo nuclear

The application of high throughput proteomics to the discovery of protein expression patterns enabling accurate, sensitive and specific prediction of disease class and progression holds great promise. Typically, tissue samples are obtained from populations of patients sharing a specific disease diagnosis and two distinct patient populations ("classes") are selected for study. Second, protein expression patterns are measured in each of these samples. Third, having measured protein expression prof

Lysosomes contain numerous proteases, the release of which may play a vital role in breast cancer invasion and metastasis. Lysosomal trafficking may be an important factor affecting lysosomal enzyme release and effective techniques are needed to fluorescently label lysosomes and study the role of lysosomal trafficking in human breast cancers. JHU researchers have developed the novel 6?-O-fluorophore-bound glucosamine compounds 6?-O-dansyl-glucosamine and 6?-O-lissamine rhodamine B-glucosamine t

Abstract (Set) Immunization has eradicated many harmful infectious diseases in the Western world. This is commonly achieved by injecting individuals with attenuated pathogens such as viruses and bacteria. By using cancer vaccines, similar success will be achieved for eradicating the most common forms of cancer. However, as of today, significant hurdles exist to make this work. For successful immunization, it is mandatory that dendritic cells (DC), cells that initiate the immune response, take u

The present invention includes a novel Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) intermediate. This molecule can be functionalized to become either a nuclear, optical, or magnetic resonance based imaging agent as well as radiohalogen or radiometal therapeutic agents. The PSMA imaging agent can be additional used to image psychiatric disorders in addition to cancers. Background Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a small protein molecule up-regulated in the vast majority of prostate canc

JHU researchers have developed a new technology entitled, "IRON", which stands for Inversion Recovery ON-resonant water suppression. IRON is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method that is designed to image magnetic susceptibility gradients primarily associated with non-diamagnetic objects such as iron-based contrast agents, iron loaded cells, and medical devices (e.g., stents and catheters) with positive contrast. The invention also should enhance imaging of susceptibility interfaces between

Among the clinically applied 3D imaging modalities, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has the highest resolution and is therefore the preferred method for detection of cellular gene expression. However, because of the low sensitivity of MR, no suitable reporter genes exist. This invention comprises a new class of reporter genes for MR imaging which do not employ paramagnetic metal substrates. The genes provide MR contrast when the sample / subject is irradiated at a specifc off resonance radio-feq

Scientists at JHU have developed a urine test for malaria, the first of its kind. The test will detect aldolase and pfhistidine-rich protein using an immunoassay design. The infectious agent, Plasmodium falciparum, may also be detected using PCR methodologies. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) Each year more than 300 million people suffer from malaria, the majority are from Africa, where the transmission rates approach 90%. Malaria tests are scarce in the neediest populations, and where

This invention incorporates a newly discovered peptide which inhibits neural N-type calcium channels and the specific inter-molecular interaction that mediates the inhibitory effect of the peptide. This prototype peptide promises a beneficial profile for producing analgesia akin to opiates like morphine. The knowledge of the molecular interaction provides a target for drug discovery of compounds that mimic the effects of the prototype peptide. Additionally, this invention includes two hybridizat

The incidence of melanoma is increasing at the highest rate for any form of cancer in the United States and the current lifetime risk in the US is 1 in 68. Presently there are few effective systemic therapies to treat advanced stages of melanoma and the key to improved survival in all affected individuals remains early diagnosis and treatment. Currently used methods for monitoring disease often reveal only grossly-detectable disease, which can be difficult to treat. There are no tests to accura

Thyroid cancer represents 1% of all malignant diseases and it is estimated that 5-10% of the population will develop a clinically significant thyroid nodule during their lifetime. The best available test for thyroid nodule is fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA). The diagnosis of malignant thyroid tumors, combined with effective therapy, has led to a marked decrease in morbidity due to thyroid cancer. Unfortunately, many thyroid FNAs are not definitively benign or malignant, yielding an �indete

This invention relates to the identification of biomarkers for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) and methods of screening. UC and CD are two highly prevalent inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) of the Western World. Almost all IBD patients require lifelong treatments and frequently necessitate endoscopic follow up of disease activity. Although UC and CD share clinical and demographic characteristics, they harbor key differences in tissue damage and prognosis, suggesting distinctive

A variety of low dimensionality entities, such as nanospheres, nanodisks, nanowires, and nanotubes, have recently been explored due to their unique attributes and capabilities to bind chemical and biological targets. Nanowires posses a large aspect ratio and geometrical shape, and multi-component nanowires have allowed for tuning of their physical, chemical and electrical properties. JHU Researches have developed a method of manipulating nanowires. They have shown that metallic nanowires, regard

A JHU researcher has developed lines of transgenic frogs in which transgenes induce photoreceptor degeneration in vivo and can visibly reveal the viability status of the photoreceptors through a fluorescent reporter. These frog lines produce thousands of progeny that can be used to screen therapeutic interventions, including chemical compounds, and cDNAs delivered by means of transgenes. As cell culture is of limited utility as a screening platform for therapies to inhibit retinal degeneration,

Schistosomes cause serious disease in humans and warm-blooded animals by living parasitically in the blood vessels draining the gut and bladder where they produce eggs that are passed out in the urine and feces. In man and animal hosts (dogs, cats, livestock), infection can produce severe debilitation often resulting in cirrhosis, bladder cancer and death. The disease ranks higher in prevalence than HIV/AIDS, is a leading cause of cirrhosis and bladder cancer in the world, and is second only to

The present inventive method is designed to measure the rate of protein trafficking to cell surface. Such measurement may be used to determine the physiological state of cells under different conditions including but not limited to pathological states, drug treatments, and genetic modifications. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) High throughput analyses of protein trafficking to cell surface and compound screens. Patent (Set) US Patent App. Pub. No. 2007-0111262

JHU researchers have performed a comprehensive mutational analysis of the protein tyrosine phosphatases super gene family in colorectal tumors and other cancers. It was discovered that the mutated tyrosine phosphatases are tumor suppressor genes, regulating pathways that may be amendable to therapeutic intervention Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) Provides the basis for new therapeutic and diagnostic approaches for colorectal cancer. Patent (Set) WO2005/113824

this gene will induce apoptosis in dendritic cells, thereby limiting immune responses. Inhibition of the gene will prevent dendritic cell death, thereby enhancing immune responses. Dendritic cells are critical to the initiation of the immune response, thus this will provide a central tool to manipulate immune function. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) In addition to therapeutic uses, dendritic cells are used as diagnostic tools to monitor or test the ability of immune cells to generate

This invention relates to a method and kit for diagnosis and drug screening towards psychiatric disorders. In particular, it provides as an example the utilization of the known molecular diversity of Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1), a candidate gene for Schizophrenia, for objective diagnosis, objective prognosis of susceptibility, and screening drugs for treatment of psychiatric disorders including, but not limited to, Schizophrenia. Description (Set) Johns Hopkins University is currentl

To date, there are no definitive biomarkers to assist clinicians in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) nor are there tools that accurately prodict the future clinical course of disease or the response to treatment among individul patients. Recently, a method that uses chromotographic surfaces to bind and identify proteins in complex mixtures known as Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) has uncovered disease -specific protein expressi

In cancer and other human diseases, single-base mutations have an important role and can be used as markers for diagnostic tests. Unfortunately, in clinical samples small numbers of mutant cells are often mixed with a vast excess of wild-type cells. Therefore, that is very important to develop sensitive and accurate methods for detection of point mutations. JHU scientists developed an assay for sensitive detection and accurate quantification of viruses and cells with single-base mutations. Des

The TNR1 mouse line (Transgenic Notch Reporter) contains exogenous DNA stably integrated into the genome. The transgenic sequence includes binding sites for a DNA binding protein CBF1 (also known as RBP-J) upstream of a basal SV40 promoter and a cDNA encoding the enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP). Upon activation of the Notch pathway, CBF1 is converted from a transcriptional repressor into a transcriptional activator thus driving GFP expression, causing cells to become green, permitting

The invention is a Fluoropill (FP) - a swallowable pill-sized capsule camera for internal viewing of the digestive system and for transmitting video data to a reception system located outside the patient's body. The capsule camera is designed to detect diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, such as malignant polyps, at the molecular level, and enable to treat it, as well as to provide fast and accurate information on therapeutic efficacy. This capability of detecting a disease at the molec

The invention pertains to low dose-rate brachytherapy of early stage prostate cancer. It provides intra-operative fusion of ultrasound and X-ray fluoroscopy imagery, thus allows for real-time optimization of the implant. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) Transrectal ultrasound guided transperineal low dose-rate brachytherapy has been emerged as one of the definitive treatments of low-risk prostate cancer. Ultrasound has been an excellent tool in guiding the implant needles with respect

This work demonstrates that hedgehog (Hh) pathway activity plays a critical role in the growth of cancers derived from the gastrointestinal tract, including esophageal, pancreatic, biliary, and gastric cancers, and which in aggregate account for more than 10% of human cancer deaths in the USA. This study shows that cells from a majority of these deadly tumors display Hh pathway activity, as indicated by expression of endogenous markers such as patched (pct) and gli. This activity depends upon en

JHU researchers have synthesized a variety of new radiopharmaceuticals for imaging the a7 subtype of nicotinic cholingergic receptors. They are using nuclear medicine techniques, including positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to image these receptors in the brains of normal individuals, patients with schizophrenia, Alzheimer?s disease, inflammation, tobacco abuse, lung cancer and a variety of other conditions. The researcher's goals are to be

In an effort to quantify hand-applied forces without instrumentation of the object, we have developed a force measuring system that can wirelessly transmit force-related information to a data acquisition(DAQ) unit. This system includes using electromyography (EMG) measurements of forearm and other secondary muscle groups. EMG biopotentials from the muscle group, i.e. flexor carpi radialis, are transmitted via a wireless module to a receiver that integrates and rectifies the signal. These EMG rea

Our technology combines two simple processing procedures: (1) patterning surfaces with regions of differing wettability, and (2) evaporating liquid droplets containing functional nano-objects or molecules on the patterned surfaces. The combination of these procedures results in a highly parallelized method to create surfaces with a great degree of flexibility and simultaneous control over surface patterns, surface morphology, and surface composition. We create patterned surfaces with regions of

The BRAF gene was recently found to be activated by mutation in human cancers, predominantly in malignant melanoma. We tested a large number of primary tumors by PCR amplifications of BRAF exon 15 followed by restriction enzyme analysis and found a 68% frequency of a missense T to A transversion at nucleotide 1796 in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Our data suggest that activating BRAF mutations are an important event in the development of papillary thyroid cancer. This mutation provides a basis fo

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death from cancer in the USA (Yokota, 2000). The high mortality associated with colorectal cancer is related to its ability to spread beyond the large intestine and invade distant organs. Therefore, increasing efforts are being directed to develop ways to identify markers that predicts the metastatic potential of colon cancer cells. Through a comparison of the tissue samples of human colonic adenoma and primary non-invasive colon cancer to metasta

Apolipoprotein C-I, a small basic protein in human blood, induces apoptosis in cultured human arterial smooth muscle cells through the neutral sphingomyelin (N-SMase) pathway, and the subsequent second messenger steps. An inhibitor of N-SMase abrogates this effect. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) Eighty % of heart attacks occur through the rupture of an unstable plaque that usually occludes only 20- 40 % of the coronary artery. The class of drugs called the statins stabilizes such an

In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), one of the most common problems is to image a certain tissue without contamination from another one. For example, one is not interested in the signal coming from the fat surrounding the head while scanning the brain, or the blood when scanning the heart, etc. In order to achieve such a selective scanning, one uses preparation schemes (MR sequence) that will kill selectively the signal from some specific tissue (in these examples the fat, or the blood). A new

This is a mass spectrometer for combined chemical/biological agent detection and identification that comprises (a) a combined electron impact and MALDI ionization source for volatile and non-volatile sample analyses, respectively, (b) a mode in which both EI and MALDI sources are operating simultaneously for the detection of marginally volatile chemical and biological markers, or for increasing fragmentation, (c) an orthogonal extraction geometry that does not limit the mass range, and (d) a des

Colon cancer is a deadly disease with a 6% average lifetime risk in the United States. When detected in the earliest stages, patients have a 90% survival rate. In the early stages of colon cancer, however, patients are generally asymptomatic. Therefore, colon cancer is often diagnosed in the late stages when there is only a 35% 5-year survival rate despite aggressive treatments. Previously, scientists from Johns Hopkins reported the use of serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) to identify tr

This is a unique approach to the design of time-of-flight mass spectrometers that utilizes non-linear electrostatic fields throughout the instrument. Specifically, the instrument does not include a field-free drift region. The aim of this technology is the development of miniaturized analytical instrumentation with high resolving power.. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) Bioagent detection, homeland security, biological research instrumentation.

We have been investigating genes that are associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Recently, we have identified a novel IBD risk polymorphism in a regulatory region of a gene that is associated with multiple different types of inflammatory diseases. This polymorphism increases risk for ulcerative colitis by 50%. DNA oligonucleotides from this polymorphic region bind to an uncharacterized nuclear protein. Interestingly, this uncharacterized protein binds to the wild type allele but does not bi

detection and identification of both chemical and biological agents. Specifically, it provides both conventional mass spectra of volatile chemicals and tandem, or MS/MS, measurements to characterize chemical structures for obtaining identification. As a I biological detector it provides measurements of the full range of peptide and protein biomarkers, as well as tandem measurements for obtaining sequence tags and identification with high specificity. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) De

expression (SAGE) in a total of nine normal lung epithelial cells and non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Separation of normal and tumor samples, as well as histopathological subtypes, was evident using the 3,921 most abundant transcript tags. This distinction remained when just 115 highly differentially expressed transcript tags were used. Furthermore, these 115 transcript tags clustered into groups that were suggestive of the unique biological and pathological features of the different tissue

Abstract (Set) According to the World Health Organization (WHO), malignant tumors accounted for around 12% of deaths worldwide, and more than 10 million new cases of cancer emerge each year. JHU scientists have identified that protein expressed by colon carcinoma cells possesses specific selectin binding activity. This interaction and the fact that this protein is not expressed by mature human blood cells but by metastatic carcinoma cells, provides the basis to engineer novel therapeutic agents

In situ MR imaging and spectroscopy method to detect the effect of pH and/or protein content changes on the intensity of the water signal in MRI. This is done by selectively irradiating and saturating the broad amide proton resonance of the endogenous mobile proteins centered around 8.3 ppm in the proton NMR spectrum and by recording the subsequent transfer of this saturation to the water protons. The effect is dependent on pH, because the amide exchange process is pH dependent. In addition, the

There is great interest in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents that are capable of visualizing small concentrations of molecular or cellular labels in vivo. The present invention relates to some existing polyamides (dendrimers, poly-lysine, and polyglutamate) that are extremely suitable for this when detecting them indirectly via proton-exchange-based saturation transfer to water. Fortuitously, these cationic polymers are also widely used as cellular gene delivery systems. These pol

Monitoring a person?s response to cold by recording their skin temperature is a key physiological response parameter for identifying Raynaud?s. This device would provide the means for physicians to definitively diagnose the disease without having to rely solely on a patient?s subjective feedback. According to the NIH, recent surveys show that Raynaud's phenomenon may affect 5 to 10 percent of the general population in the United States. The original application of this miniature finger monitor i

We report two novel methods for DNA sequencing. AmpliSeq permits combined PCR and cycle sequencing in a single reaction. This can be bi-directional (e.g. for mutation confirmation) or unidirectional. Full-length sequencing can be achieved. A second method, SimulSeq, permits simultaneous sequencing of multiple DNA targets. These can be independent genes or cDNAs or multiple regions within one gene or cDNA. Both technologies can be performed together to allow combined PCR and cycle sequencing of m

To facilitate our understanding of the physiological role of BACE1 and its involvement in the generation of the Alzheimer?s disease (AD) Ab peptides, we generated a rabbit polyclonal antibody against BACE1. Our BACE1 antisera will be useful in the BACE1 levels and expression patterns in brains of normal and AD subjects as well as in other organs. The results of these efforts may help explain the selective vulnerability of brain amyloidosis in AD. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) May be

Osteoporosis and a number of other diseases and conditions alter the mechanical strength of the skeleton such that bones fracture easily. A number of treatments exist that can mitigate the loss of bone strength, hence accurate diagnosis and assessment of the effects of treatment are critical. Bone-weakening conditions are most commonly assessed and diagnosed with a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanner that can measure mass of bones by their mineral content. Bone mass measurements most

Methods for diagnosing and treating neuropsychiatric disorders, especially bipolar disorder, and to methods for identifying compounds for use in the diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders are disclosed. Also disclosed are novel compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for use in the diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) This technology could be commercialized as a diagnostic test for neuropsychia

This invention, provides a method to design and evaluate the potential performance and/or clinical application of medical devices for interventional cardiovascular applications. The design and evaluation process is based on quantitative analysis of volume rendered images, followed by a derivation of the geometry, topology and physical properties of the devices, and finally verification and refinement of design parameters using simulation technology and volume rendered patient specific medical im

An embedded and integrated system is disclosed for augmented reality based simulation of image-guided cardiovascular interventional therapeutic procedures for training, education and certification and patient specific pre-treatment planning. The system provides users with a training and pre-treatment planning system to manipulate and interface therapeutic devices with 2-D and 3-D reconstructed vascular images in real time in a manner similar to that encountered in a clinical procedure. Enhanceme

Our current knowledge about the bio-distribution and/or in vivo pharmacokinetics of gene therapy is incomplete and relies mainly on staining of biopsied or post-mortem tissues. Modern imaging techniques provide a unique opportunity to monitor and control gene therapy. Johns Hopkins University researchers have developed a new technique for the MRI of vascular gene therapy. Advantages of this technology include: (1) high-resolution images of the vessel, (2) multiple diagnostic evaluations of organ

Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have used the techniques of methylated CpG island amplification (MCA) coupled with representational difference analysis (RDA) to isolate 42 clones, which were shown to be differentially methylated in a panel of 8 pancreatic cancer cell lines compared to normal pancreas. Ninety-five percent of the clones were CpG islands and among these clones were CpG islands of several known genes. The genes identified may represent novel targets for pancreatic cancer tre

The Cardiac Auscultatory Recording Database (CARD) was also developed. Developed using the Microsoft Access relational database program, CARD is available online through the World Wide Web. CARD contains digitized heart sound recordings collected from patients at the Pediatric Cardiology Echocardiography Laboratory at the Johns Hopkins Outpatient Center. To date, the database contains over 2500 individual recordings from over 350 patients, representing 300 unique heart murmurs. At least one thir

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality in the United States. Gene therapy is a rapidly expanding field with great potential for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Several genes have been shown to be useful for preventing acute thrombosis, blocking post-angioplasty restenosis, and stimulating growth of new blood vessels (angiogenesis). However, precise monitoring of gene expression within targeted atherosclerotic plaques is a challengi

Current methods for determining whether a patient has a bacterial infection are time-consuming and may lead to delays in diagnosis and/or treatment. Real-time PCR is an emerging molecular technique, which rapidly amplifies small amounts of selected DNA regions, offering the potential for expedited identification and speciation of bacteria. Routine application of real-time PCR has been hampered, however, by technical limitations of the assay system. Using custom designed oligonucleotide primers a

Recombinant E. phagocytophilia MSP is a major immunodominant protein antigen derived from the human E. phagocytophilia (HE agent) strain BDS. The clone was initially selected based upon reactivity with monoclonal antibody to E. phagocytophilia group antigens and the gene sequenced and subcloned into the pMAL vector (New England Bio) and expressed in E. coli. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) The recombinant protein is a fusion with maltose binding protein and may be used for serologic st

A device for detecting electromagnetic signals, more specifically, the magnetic resonance signals from excited nuclei as well as related apparatuses, systems and methods is provided. This detection device includes a planar strip array antenna including a plurality, and in more particular embodiments, a multiplicity of parallel conductors (e.g., 4, 16, 32 or more of conductors). The length of the conductors is adjusted to substantially reduce the coupling of a signal in one conductor to an adjace

A new approach for the design of protein kinase inhibitors is disclosed. Using this approach a potent insulin receptor protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor has been produced. In principle, this method is general and could be applied to any protein kinase. Previous bisubstrate analog compounds have been weak protein kinase inhibitors. The design of protein kinase bisubstrate/transition state analog inhibitors is based on the concept of phosphoryl transfer mechanism involving. Based on this idea, the

The patent below describes a method for obtaining magnetic resonance images using ?echo planar imaging? and related techniques, without the use of ?reference scans?. The patent describes a method for calibrating a scanner for time delays and phase shifts and using this a priori knowledge to avoid the need for reference scans, as well as simplification of the image reconstruction process. This work describes the use of ?compensation blips? to correct for gradient hardware timing misregistrations

Aberrant methylation of promoter region CpG islands is associated with transcriptional inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes in neoplasia. JHU scientists have developed a novel method of understanding patterns of CpG island methylation called Methylated CpG island Amplification (MCA). MCA is a PCR-based methylation screening technique to determine the methylation status of multiple CpG islands (CGIs) in a relatively large number of samples. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) This techno

This medical device is an automated robotic tone assessment device that non-invasively and properly quantifies tone of the flexor/extensor muscle groups that control the movement of an appendage such as muscles that control the wrist or ankle. Tone is a clinical term that describes muscle resistance to passive stretch. Current assessments of tone such as the Ashworth scale are qualitative and subjective in nature and therefore are unreliable. Qualitative results are based on the �touch and fee

Experimental recordings of evoked potential signals have been digitized and stored on computer disks & CDs. Programs have been written to analyze and display the data and its subsequent interpretation. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) The recordings and programs could be used for further research and development purposes to improve evoked potential monitoring

At present, genetic testing is able to detect only a small fraction of the population at risk of cancer. For example, FAP mutations are present in less than 1% of the population, and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer mutations are present at only about 0.1% prevalence. A method has been developed for detecting partial or complete loss of genomic imprinting in both colorectal cancers and the normal tissues of colorectal cancer patients. The frequency of this abnormality in the population

In Xenopus embryos, a subset of transcriptional responses to the TGF-B family of ligands is mediated by the Xenopus forkhead activin signal transducer-1 (xFAST-1). We have now identified a human FAST-1 homolog (hFAST-1). Although significantly different in sequence from its Xenopus counterpart, hFAST-1 shared with xFAST-1 the ability to bind human Smad2 and activate an activin response element (ARE). The hFAST-1 dependent activation of ARE was completely dependent on endogenous Smad4, and was o

A device for passively measuring intraocular pressure of a patient including an in vivo sensor and an instrument external to the patient for remotely energizing the sensor, thereby permitting the instrument to determine the intraocular pressure. The device directly and continuously measures the intraocular pressure of a patient. The in vivo sensor in the intraocular pressure monitor includes a capacitive pressure sensor and an inductive component. An instrument, external to the patient, measures

The present invention provides a growth and differentiation factor, GDF-15, and a polynucleotide sequence encoding GDF-15. In one embodiment, the invention provides a method for detection of a cell proliferative or immunologic disorder which is associated with GDF-15 expression or function. In another embodiment, the invention provides a method for treating a cell proliferative or immunologic disorder by using an agent which suppresses or enhances GDF-15 activity. The TGF-.beta. superfamily cons

Two human L1 elements can actively retrotranspose in cultured mammalian cells. When stably expressed from an episome in HeLa cells, both elements retrotransposed into a variety of chromosomal locations at a high frequency. The retrotransposed products resembled endogenous L1 insertions, since they were variably 5' truncated, ended in poly(A) tracts, and were flanked by target-site duplications or short deletions. Point mutations in conserved domains of the L1.2-encoded proteins reduced retrotran

A method of magnetic resonance imaging of myocardial motion includes positioning a portion of a patient such as a patient's heart within a main magnetic field and employing a plurality of RF signals to establish a plurality of parallel plane tags through the portion. In imaging heart motion, a first minimum spacing between adjacent tags is employed in a region where the tags will decrease their separation over systole and a second initial tag separation will be employed for portions wherein the

Polycythemia vera (PV) is a stem cell disorder characterized as a panhyperplastic, malignant, and neoplastic marrow disorder. The most prominent feature of this disease is an elevated absolute red blood cell mass because of uncontrolled red blood cell production. This is accompanied by increased white blood cell (myeloid) and platelet (megakaryocytic) production, which is due to an abnormal clone of the hematopoietic stem cells with increased sensitivity to the different growth factors for matur

occurring in AIDS patients and closely associated with Karposi�s sarcoma (KS), body cavity based lymphomas (BCBL), multiple myeloma, and multicentric Castleman�s disease (MCD). JHU scientists have discovered several novel viral open reading frames (ORF�s) for KSHV. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) This invention can be used commercially for the diagnosing of HHV-8 associated diseases such as Karposi�s sarcoma, Castleman�s Disease, Multiple myeloma, and Bady cavity based large

The present invention concerns a novel method for detecting cell surface proteins utilizing a modified virus. This method combines peptide display technology and traditional immuno-amplification strategy to provide an economical detection system. In contrast to traditional approaches, both specificity and affinity can be either coarsely modified or subtly tuned to achieve more resistance to changes of temperature and pH. These physical properties allow the viral or nonviral peptides to register

Resistance to the growth inhibitory effects of TGF-beta is common in human cancers. However the mechanism(s) by which tumour cells become restistant to TGF-beta are generally unknown. We have identified five novel human genes related to a Drosophila gene called Mad which is thought to transduce signals from TGF-beta family members. One of these genes was found to be somatically mutated in two of eighteen colorectal cancers, and three of the other genes were located at chromosomal positions previ

The invention concerns the identification of a novel ligand binding site on a mammalian NMDA receptor. The invention further provides for NMDA receptor ligands, pharmaceutical compositions and novel drug screens

It has been found that E.sub.N (t.sub.N) curves are surprisingly similar among hearts, particularly during early contraction. Based on this observation, the present invention provides an arrangement (method and apparatus) for determining a good approximation of ESPVR using pressure, volume and timing data easily obtained from a single cardiac cycle. Our arrangement identifies both resting and acute changes in the ESPVR, is minimally sensitive to load, and yields a better estimate of directly mea

The present invention relates to compounds and related methods for both inhibiting and potentiating potassium ion channel activity. In particular, a molecular code of the alpha-subunit in a Shaker-like potassium ion channel was identified that provides for the beta-subunit-mediated regulation of potassium ion flow. Methods to identify novel molecules that regulate this critical region are also provided by the present invention. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) One valuable use is the d

The present invention provides novel compositions and methods for diagnosing the presence of Helicobacter pylori infections of the stomach or duodenum in humans or other mammals. The invention provides a urease responsive system for the delivery of diagnostic marker or therapeutic compound. In one embodiment, the system comprises a microsphere which is stabilized by a urease sensitive cross-linker. When the cross-linker is cleaved by urease, the microsphere decomposes and the diagnostic marker o

The DPC4 gene is also known as SMAD4 or as MADH4. It is a mediator of signal transduction for TGFbeta, activin, bone morphogenic proteins, and similar extracellular growth and differentiation ligands. DPC4 conducts a signal that suppresses tumorigenesis. Mutations in the DPC4 gene are found in most major human tumors types, although most numerous in colorectal (15%) and pancreatic ductal (55%) cancers. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) Antibodies against Smad4 are of use in biologic res

A method for diagnosing a subject having or at risk of having a thrombotic disease syndrome is provided by analysis of a platelet polymorphism. Specifically, the association between polymorphism of the P1A2 allele of the GPIIIa gene and unstable thrombotic syndromes provides the basis for methods and kits for diagnosing subjects. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) The invention provides isolated allele specific oligonucleotides useful for the diagnosis of a subject having, or at risk of

Proteoglycans are found throughout the body and serve numerous structural and functional roles. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) was modified to varying degrees with (meth)acrylate groups (CSMA) and polymerized to form a crosslinked hydrogel. Depending on the degree of modification, swelling, mechanical, and degradation properties of the CSMA hydrogels may be altered to fit a desired application. The CSMA gels are specifically degraded by chondroitinase and may be used as a diagnostic for the presence o

This device maintains parallelism between diffracting crystals while allowing the crystals to continuously travel through high to low take-off angles. A central shaft that rotates by one half of the value of the take-off angle drives the device. The central shaft allows for variable collimation to track the beam path between the two crystals. Description (Set) Proposed Use (Set) Spectrometers Neutron & X-ray
Patent (Set) 7,099,437 B2; WO 2004/036174

The present invention features test systems and methods for detecting a hepatic disorder in a mammal and especially a primate. Preferred use of the invention involves staging the hepatic disorder in a human patient.
Patent (Set) 6,248,078

A continuous flow centrifuge adapted with an insert of glass beads, sand or the like is used to concentrate cysts of microorganisms such as giardia or cryptosporidium from large volumes of water. The apparatus and methods are useful for the detection of contaminating microoorganisms in groundwater and public drinking water. Patent (Set) 7,107,824 B1

An apparatus for measuring the strength of and for performing physical therapy exercises to strengthen a patient's limb. The device includes a pair of pivot clamps each having a end for connecting the pivot clamps to a solid object such as a physical therapy table or hospital bed. A second end of each pivot clamp adjustably receives a first frame member of a conventional traction or load frame. This arrangement enables rotational and translational movement of the first frame member retained by t

Differential diagnosis of tumors can sometimes be difficult. For example, the histological appareance of thymoma (epithelial-derived) and histicytic lymphoma (mescenchyme-derived) can be similar. Since the mode of treatment and prognosis for these two types of tumors are significantly different, an accurate differential diagnosis of these tumors is essential. Description (Set) JHU scientists have recently developed three monoclonal antibodies designated (AE1, AE2 and AE3) to human epidermal ke

The present invention relates to a device and method for measuring the heat of reaction resulting from the mixture of a plurality of liquid reagents. The heat of reaction is one of the most important thermochemical characteristics of any reaction and is widely used in fundamental research and applied studies, since it contains the main information on the energetics of a chemical reaction under study. Direct colorimetric measurements of the heats of reaction of liquid reagents are of special imp

The present invention relates to a method for early detection of lung cancer. The method comprises obtaining samples from the body, especially respiratory tract material including sputum or bronchial fluid or any other pulmonary tissue or thoracic cells or regional lymph nodes, and assaying the samples with monoclonal antibodies for the presence of antigens whose enhanced presence correlates with the development of lung cancer. The method of the present invention permits identification of lung c

The methodology described in this disclosure enables one, for the first time, to remove dispersive components arising from phase errors (inevitably) introduced during acquisition of multi-dimensional spectra. This enables one to measure NMR paramete rs such as chemical shifts more accurately, and automatic and/or interactive analysis of NMR spectra is greatly facilitated. Furthermore, the methodology enables one to measure chemical shifts of nuclei which are otherwise not accessible because the

The invention relates to a novel essential component identification model, bridging centraility, based on information flow and topological locality in scale-free networks. Bridging centrality provides an entirely new way of scrutinizing network struc tures and measuring components' importance. The briding centrality can be applied to many real world networks, including biological networks, social networks and web networks. The nodes distinguished by bridging centrality are well located on conn

In recent years, rapid NMR data collection has emerged as a pivotal area of research in structural biology. This invention describes the implementation of a longitudinal relaxation of aromatic protons (which increases the sensitivity of NMR experime nts). This invention also allows one to collect information approximately 4x faster. This disclosure can be applied to obtaining aromatic chemical shifts, and 4D correlations of these shifts for proteins. "This new methodology will play an importa nt

The suite of G-Matrix Fourier Transform experiements described can be used for complete resonance assignments of proteins and to obtain structural constraints for determining high resolution 3D structures of biomolecules.
Categories: Research Tool, Diagnostic

Since mutations of the parkin gene are the most frequent cause of familial Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and because heterozygous parkin mutations can also be found in sporadic PD, there is growing interest in studying this gene and its product. A UB res earcher has generated a high titer, rabbit polyclonal, affinity-purified anti-parkin antibody which can be used to facilitate research in this area. These antibodies can be used in immunocytochemistry, western blotting, immunoprecipitation, etc.

This invention describes a set of new GFT NMR experiments for the assignment of backbone and side-chain resonances of proteins. The invention applies a Gaussian Matrix to the data acquisition and processing methods, creating the ability to adjust th e investments of NMR sampling time to the actual demands required to detect a signal with digital resolution simultaneously high. The resolution exceeds conventional FT NMR in most cases. A key advantage of this new breakthrough is the ability to o b

This invention describes the application of two previous inventions (5770 GFT NMR Spectroscopy and 5655 RD NMR Spectroscopy) to form a suite of four experiments. These improve measurement accuracy, as well as reduce NMR sampling time. They also all ow highly efficient assignment of backbone and 13Cß chemical shifts through just four experiments, while recruiting four chemical shifts to establish sequential connectivities.
Categories: Research Tool, Diagnostic Patents Issues: 6,831,459 7.

UB researchers have developed a novel NMR data acquisition and processing scheme named GFT nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, where ‘GFT’ stands for a combined G-matrix and Fourier transformation. GFT NMR allows one to acquire higher dime nsional NMR spectral information orders of magnitudes faster than with conventional methods. For the first time, GFT NMR has allowed researchers to obtain the five-dimensional spectral information for a 8.6 kDa protein. Simultaneously, the preci

The minimal measurement time of an N dimensional FT NMR experiment is constrained by the need to sample N-1 indirect dimensions and may therefore exceed by far the time required to achieve workable signal-to-ratios.
This invention describes a no vel approach named "GFT NMR spectroscopy" for data acquisition and processing. In GFT NMR, the conventional sampling of a multidimensional subspace in the time domain is replaced by the joint sampling of the chemical shift evolution periods spa this

Computed tomography (CT) uses x-ray imaging to obtain cross-sectional images of the body that can then be integrated into a three dimensional image. Unlike conventional x-rays, CT scans can distinguish clearly overlying structures and tissues includ ing bone, soft tissue, and blood vessels. Because of this, CT scanning is often the preferred method for the diagnosis of many types of cancer. A major drawback has been radiation exposure of patients because of the large patient volume irradiated. D

For two distinct chromophore populations to be imaged and their ratio computed, currently two different laser excitations are raster scanned and alternately switched after each frame of data acquisition. Since there is a time lag (typically 100s of m illiseconds) between the imaging of the two, dynamical changes may have occurred in the appearance and characteristics of the second when the first is being imaged. This reduces the fidelity of visual information about the two populations as the ima

Thermal imaging (visual reproduction of thermal gradients within a body) is a mature science. Several instruments exist that are variants of infra-red (IR) radiation detection cameras. But with IR wavelengths starting off (~ 1 micron) where sizes of most biological microsystems (cells) end, current technology as above completely fails in applications requiring thermal imaging of the interiors of such systems.
This invention employs hot luminescence (an anti-Stokes excitation phenomenon) and

In cerebro-vascular interventions, smaller and smaller catheters, guide wires, and interventional devices such as stents and coils are being used which are difficult to visualize with conventional imaging systems. The present invention provides a cha nge in the design paradigm for radiographic detectors to optimize imaging of a region of interest (ROI) for endovascular procedures.
This radiographic imaging apparatus and method for vascular interventions allows physicians to acquire very high

Microscopic examination of tissue morphology and intracellular protein content is one of the major methods of assessing disease states in tissue samples. Current techniques often result in damage to the tissue section either during the cryostat sect ioning or as the sections are subjected to shear stress during labeling and washing. Damaged frozen sections appear either with no texture or with damaged and rough surfaces causing the loss of valuable sample material. This CryoTissue Conditioner is

The invention provides a simple, quick and inexpensive test for discriminating between bacterial and non-bacterial exacerbations of chronic lung disease. The test is based on the strong correlation between bacterial AECB (acute exacerbations of chro nic bronchitis) and sputum elastase. The test comprises obtaining a sputum sample from a patient such that it contains secretions of the lower respiratory tract and testing it for the presence of elastase. In addition, for some pathogens a correlat i

The methodology described in this disclosure enables one, for the first time, to remove dispersive components arising from phase errors (inevitably) introduced during acquisition of multi-dimensional spectra. This enables one to measure NMR paramete rs such as chemical shifts more accurately, and automatic and/or interactive analysis of NMR spectra is greatly facilitated. Furthermore, the methodology enables one to measure chemical shifts of nuclei which are otherwise not accessible because the

Autoimmune disorders and B cell derived lymphomas cause life-long suffering or premature death. Often the treatment for these diseases is symptomatic at best with severe side effects. An effective new treatment would be life saving for those patie nts. The cytokine interleukin-14 (IL-14) also known as high molecular weight B-cell growth factor (HMW-BCGF) plays an important role in both inflammation and B-cell memory formation. Recent research, including work with transgenic animals, highligh ts

Diagnostic medical equipments are probably one of the most important paraphernalias of the medical field. This is because of the fact that in all the medical procedures, diagnosis is the first step towards combating diseases. It assumes critical impo rtance when the diseases are of the nature that requires early detection for their cure e.g.: Cancer, Diabetes etc. However it is seen that sometimes the disease matures to a higher stage because of the failure to detect its early onset. The present

In recent years, rapid NMR data collection has emerged as a pivotal area of research in structural biology. This invention describes the implementation of a longitudinal relaxation of aromatic protons (which increases the sensitivity of NMR experime nts). This invention also allows one to collect information approximately 4x faster. This disclosure can be applied to obtaining aromatic chemical shifts, and 4D correlations of these shifts for proteins. "This new methodology will play an importa nt

Computed tomography (CT) uses x-ray imaging to obtain cross-sectional images of the body that can then be integrated into a three dimensional image. Unlike conventional x-rays, CT scans can distinguish clearly overlying structures and tissues includ ing bone, soft tissue, and blood vessels. Because of this, CT scanning is often the preferred method for the diagnosis of many types of cancer. A major drawback has been radiation exposure of patients because of the large patient volume irradiated. D

Microscopic examination of tissue morphology and intracellular protein content is one of the major methods of assessing disease states in tissue samples. Current techniques often result in damage to the tissue section either during the cryostat sect ioning or as the sections are subjected to shear stress during labeling and washing. Damaged frozen sections appear either with no texture or with damaged and rough surfaces causing the loss of valuable sample material. This CryoTissue Conditioner is

The suite of G-Matrix Fourier Transform experiements described can be used for complete resonance assignments of proteins and to obtain structural constraints for determining high resolution 3D structures of biomolecules.
Categories: Research Tool, Diagnostic

Many cancer cells contain a carbohydrate structure on their surface known as the Thomsen-Friedenreich Antigen (TF-Ag). This antigen, which is not detectable on normal cells, plays a pivotal role in metastasis. An antibody which binds strongly to TF -Ag would be extremely useful in imaging cancer in vivo, blocking metastasis, and treating tumors with radioimmunotherapy. Unfortunately, this antibody has been difficult to isolate. Dr. Kate Rittenhouse-Olson has developed a monoclonal IgG3 antibo dy

For two distinct chromophore populations to be imaged and their ratio computed, currently two different laser excitations are raster scanned and alternately switched after each frame of data acquisition. Since there is a time lag (typically 100s of m illiseconds) between the imaging of the two, dynamical changes may have occurred in the appearance and characteristics of the second when the first is being imaged. This reduces the fidelity of visual information about the two populations as the ima

For two distinct chromophore populations to be imaged and their ratio computed, currently two different laser excitations are raster scanned and alternately switched after each frame of data acquisition. Since there is a time lag (typically 100s of m illiseconds) between the imaging of the two, dynamical changes may have occurred in the appearance and characteristics of the second when the first is being imaged. This reduces the fidelity of visual information about the two populations as the ima

Thermal imaging (visual reproduction of thermal gradients within a body) is a mature science. Several instruments exist that are variants of infra-red (IR) radiation detection cameras. But with IR wavelengths starting off (~ 1 micron) where sizes of most biological microsystems (cells) end, current technology as above completely fails in applications requiring thermal imaging of the interiors of such systems.
This invention employs hot luminescence (an anti-Stokes excitation phenomenon) and

Chemical and biological sensor developers have held an interest in nanoscale construction of periodic structures. Numerous optical fiber products that utilize nanoscale periodic etching are available for stress/strain sensing. Chemical sensing usi ng affinity coatings on optical fibers is still an early technology. The invention offers a simple new platform, independent of fiber optics, for stress or chemical sensing.
The invention is a simple and inexpensive process to produce very contro ll

This invention includes monoclonal antibodies, proteins, nucleic acid seqeunces and lipoologosaccharides (LOS) which are specific to Moraxella catarrhalis. These materials are useful for designing a much-needed diagnostic test. The ability to diagn osis this form of otitis media would be very valuable for pediatric applications. Further, compositions and methods useful for distinguishing between M. catarrhalis serotypes are also available.
Categories: Therapeutic and Vaccines, Diagnostic

This invention describes a set of new GFT NMR experiments for the assignment of backbone and side-chain resonances of proteins. The invention applies a Gaussian Matrix to the data acquisition and processing methods, creating the ability to adjust th e investments of NMR sampling time to the actual demands required to detect a signal with digital resolution simultaneously high. The resolution exceeds conventional FT NMR in most cases. A key advantage of this new breakthrough is the ability to o b

PON1 is a glycoprotein that plays a role in both metabolism of organophosphate pesticides and in the cardioprotective effect of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Two mutant forms of the protein are known. One of these, PON1-192 has been extensively s tudied and has been shown to affect the activity of PON1 with regard to its two metabolic functions. The invention consists of a reagent system and accompanying quality control material suitable for the precise and accurate determination of human se r

This invention describes the application of two previous inventions (5770 GFT NMR Spectroscopy and 5655 RD NMR Spectroscopy) to form a suite of four experiments. These improve measurement accuracy, as well as reduce NMR sampling time. They also all ow highly efficient assignment of backbone and 13Cß chemical shifts through just four experiments, while recruiting four chemical shifts to establish sequential connectivities.
Categories: Research Tool, Diagnostic
Patents Issues: 6,831,

UB researchers have developed a novel NMR data acquisition and processing scheme named GFT nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, where ‘GFT’ stands for a combined G-matrix and Fourier transformation. GFT NMR allows one to acquire higher dime nsional NMR spectral information orders of magnitudes faster than with conventional methods. For the first time, GFT NMR has allowed researchers to obtain the five-dimensional spectral information for a 8.6 kDa protein. Simultaneously, the preci

The minimal measurement time of an N dimensional FT NMR experiment is constrained by the need to sample N-1 indirect dimensions and may therefore exceed by far the time required to achieve workable signal-to-ratios.
This invention describes a no vel approach named "GFT NMR spectroscopy" for data acquisition and processing. In GFT NMR, the conventional sampling of a multidimensional subspace in the time domain is replaced by the joint sampling of the chemical shift evolution periods spa this

The invention provides a simple, quick and inexpensive test for discriminating between bacterial and non-bacterial exacerbations of chronic lung disease. The test is based on the strong correlation between bacterial AECB (acute exacerbations of chro nic bronchitis) and sputum elastase. The test comprises obtaining a sputum sample from a patient such that it contains secretions of the lower respiratory tract and testing it for the presence of elastase. In addition, for some pathogens a correlat i

In cerebro-vascular interventions, smaller and smaller catheters, guide wires, and interventional devices such as stents and coils are being used which are difficult to visualize with conventional imaging systems. The present invention provides a cha nge in the design paradigm for radiographic detectors to optimize imaging of a region of interest (ROI) for endovascular procedures.
This radiographic imaging apparatus and method for vascular interventions allows physicians to acquire very high

The current invention is a gene comprising an open reading frame on the plus strand of the pro-viral DNA, and located in the region of HIV-1 long terminal repeat. The gene encodes a protein that is related to, and has a structural motif resembling t hat of chemokine proteins. Depending upon the ribosomal frameshift, a plurality of proteins may be translated from the antisense RNA. The protein has similarity with chemokine SDF-1 and may play a role as a cofactor with gp120 in the binding to and e

The present invention includes a method for the isolation and purification of outer membrane protein B1 as well as B1 peptides from Moraxella catarrhalis, and the resulting compositions. The method involves growing the bacteria in iron-depleted medi um to enhance the expression of the B1 protein, harvesting the bacteria from the culture, extracting from the harvested bacteria a preparation substantially comprising an outer membrane preparation with an affinity matrix containing immobilized trans

This invention is an accurate and sensitive system to detect the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a bacterial strain associated with the development of periodontal disease. The bacteria are detected by identifying the presence of DNA specific t o the strain. This is accomplished via the polymerase chain reaction, a method commonly used to characterize DNA evidence in criminal trials as well as diagnosis of various other disease states. The system includes DNA primers for the polymerase ch a

Diagnostic medical equipments are probably one of the most important paraphernalias of the medical field. This is because of the fact that in all the medical procedures, diagnosis is the first step towards combating diseases. It assumes critical impo rtance when the diseases are of the nature that requires early detection for their cure e.g.: Cancer, Diabetes etc. However it is seen that sometimes the disease matures to a higher stage because of the failure to detect its early onset. The present

Chemical and biological sensor developers have held an interest in nanoscale construction of periodic structures. Numerous optical fiber products that utilize nanoscale periodic etching are available for stress/strain sensing. Chemical sensing usi ng affinity coatings on optical fibers is still an early technology. The invention offers a simple new platform, independent of fiber optics, for stress or chemical sensing.
The invention is a simple and inexpensive process to produce very contro ll

Autoimmune disorders and B cell derived lymphomas cause life-long suffering or premature death. Often the treatment for these diseases is symptomatic at best with severe side effects. An effective new treatment would be life saving for those patie nts. The cytokine interleukin-14 (IL-14) also known as high molecular weight B-cell growth factor (HMW-BCGF) plays an important role in both inflammation and B-cell memory formation. Recent research, including work with transgenic animals, highligh ts

Many cancer cells contain a carbohydrate structure on their surface known as the Thomsen-Friedenreich Antigen (TF-Ag). This antigen, which is not detectable on normal cells, plays a pivotal role in metastasis. An antibody which binds strongly to TF -Ag would be extremely useful in imaging cancer in vivo, blocking metastasis, and treating tumors with radioimmunotherapy. Unfortunately, this antibody has been difficult to isolate. Dr. Kate Rittenhouse-Olson has developed a monoclonal IgG3 antibo dy

This invention includes monoclonal antibodies, proteins, nucleic acid seqeunces and lipoologosaccharides (LOS) which are specific to Moraxella catarrhalis. These materials are useful for designing a much-needed diagnostic test. The ability to diagn osis this form of otitis media would be very valuable for pediatric applications. Further, compositions and methods useful for distinguishing between M. catarrhalis serotypes are also available.
Categories: Therapeutic and Vaccines, Diagnostic

The present invention includes a method for the isolation and purification of outer membrane protein B1 as well as B1 peptides from Moraxella catarrhalis, and the resulting compositions. The method involves growing the bacteria in iron-depleted medi um to enhance the expression of the B1 protein, harvesting the bacteria from the culture, extracting from the harvested bacteria a preparation substantially comprising an outer membrane preparation with an affinity matrix containing immobilized trans

Introduction Respiration rates are an important indicator of cellular and metabolic states in cells ranging from mammalian to bacterial, from individuals to large populations. Unfortunately, conventional techniques have significant drawbacks: for instance, electrochemical techniques have low sensitivity and consume oxygen and optical techniques are difficult to integrate. With more effective monitoring techniques, the detection of microorganisms, the characterization of disease states, and the c

Summary Signal intensities between samples on a microarrary typically vary by as much as three to four orders of magnitude, frustrating efforts at comparative analysis of samples assayed in parallel. At any given laser power or photomultiplier tube gain (PMTG), some signals will be below detection threshold, while others will have saturated the signal-collection capacity of the scanning device. MicroArray Spot LINEar Regression ("MASLINER") is a software tool that addresses this critical deficie

Summary The invention enables multiplex gene synthesis in a single reaction, using very low concentrations of oligonucleotides. The method, which employs a unique temporary tagging strategy, offers significant advantages in terms of speed and economy over existing methods for building genes, and even genomes, particularly when coupled with high-throughput, high-density (e.g., array-based) oligonucleotide synthesis. The method also is useful for rapid generation of libraries of variant sequences

Summary Background:
In healthcare, chemical analysis, environmental testing and other fields it is useful to separate particulate substances that are suspended in a fluid. For example separating cells from body fluids. So far, these techniques have typically required substantial capital equipment that can be both expensive and bulky, thus limiting where and when the separation can take place.
Novel technology:
The technology provides a microfluidic filter and concentrator that is cap

Summary Background:
The development and application of microfluidic systems have increased dramatically in recent years. The systems that typically involve controlled fluid flow through a number of microfluidic channels can provide unique platforms useful in both research and production. Flow through a microchannel is the result of competition between pressure driving the flow and viscous stresses that resist the motion. Soft objects in a microchannels (cells etc.) can modify the resistance s

Summary The emergence of bacterial strains resistant to current drugs has prompted a renewed effort to discover new methods for fighting infectious disease. A promising new target is FtsZ, a key mediator of bacterial cell division that is highly conserved among bacteria. Because FtsZ, much like its eukaryotic analog tubulin, consumes GTP during Z-ring assembly in mitosis, it is susceptible to both antagonists and agonists that interfere with its GTPase activity. Discoveries from two multidiscipl

Background:
The development and application of microfluidic systems have increased dramatically in recent years. The systems that typically involve controlled fluid flow through a number of microfluidic channels can provide unique platforms useful in both research and production. Flow through a microchannel is the result of competition between pressure driving the flow and viscous stresses that resist the motion. Soft objects in a microchannels (cells etc.) can modify the resistance significa

Summary The invention provides compositions and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of both malignant and benign cell-proliferative diseases. When complexed to its receptor, IP-10 interacts with known cytokines, including FGF and TGFb; this interaction down-regulates cell division and/or results in T cell chemotaxis toward the sites of IP-10 localization. Uncontrolled cell proliferation is the hallmark of both cancer and non-neoplastic endothelial tissue disease. Local administration of IP-1

Summary This invention provides a direct means for measuring the dynamic properties of small regions of the lung of a living animal in real time. The parameters of lung function which may be analyzed include: (i) the surface area to volume ration, (ii) the pulmonary capillary blood volume density and (iii) the pulmonary oxygen saturation.
Current methods for analysis of lung structure and functions suffer either from the limitation of low resolution (only large lesions are detected) or from t

Summary The invention provides methods for rapid fabrication and use of replicable, high-density nucleic acid arrays. Array features are produced through amplification on a support matrix of nucleic acid templates of interest. A significant advance over conventional DNA array technologies, the so-called polymerase colony ("polony") technology requires no prior characterization or isolation of sequences to be placed on an array, and so is ideally suited to the analysis of unfractionated nucleic a

Summary Recent molecular biology research is moving beyond genetics to look at protein - protein interactions and how cells interact or communicate. These exciting areas are in need of improved tools that allow these interactions to be identified and studied.
Harvard Medical School researchers have developed a novel approach that allows investigators to quickly generate platforms for the multivalent display of protein domains. By the use of a cassette expression system, researchers can quick

Summary This invention comprises methods of expressing the Human Papilloma Virus L1 and L2 proteins, and variations thereof, in bacterial host cells; the purification of the expressed proteins; and their use in the development and application of vaccine and diagnostic technologies.
Applications For Further Information Please Contact the Director of Business Development Katie Gordon Email: katherine_gordon@hms.harvard.edu Telephone: (617) 432-0920

Summary Background: Autoimmune diseases are the result of a patient's immune system attacking their own cells and tissues. This can result in a wide variety of diseases, including multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, and type 1 diabetes. Researchers at Harvard University have discovered a novel method of diagnosing type 1 diabetes.
Invention: Type 1 diabetics lack the V?24J?Q receptor and express high amounts of the Th1 cytokine IFN-?. This discovery has important implications for early st

Summary The invention enables rapid detection of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT, or â€œpre-diabetesâ€) without oral glucose tolerance testing and permits identification of a population at risk of developing the vascular complications associated with diabetes. It also offers a robust tool for monitoring disease progression as the glycation of CD59 is directly linked to the pathophysiology of disease. As such, detection of glycated CD59 represents a significant advance in the detection,

Summary The enormous tissue and cellular diversity of multicellular organisms poses unique challenges, such as learning the gene expression patterns associated with embryonic or neurological development. One tool scientists use to help address these problems is DNA microarrays, which help provide measurement of a cell or tissues transcriptional programs. Despite the excellent of applications of microarray technology, no studies to date have demonstrated the use of microarrays with a single cell.

Summary From the labs of Professor Alun Jones (inventor of CardioliteTM) and Professor Ashfaq Mahmood, comes a series of small molecule imaging probes, capable of conjugation to both SPECT-based and PET-based imaging agents. Lead candidates include sigma-1 and selective sigma-2 receptor probes in the low nanomolar sensitivity range (relevant to a wide variety of cancers, e.g., breast cancer), an advanced pre-clinical malignant melanoma diagnostic probe conjugated to technetium, and probes sensit

Summary Background: A variety of DNA amplification methods deal with sequence analysis of an uncharacterized region adjacent to a known element. These methods include inverse PCR (iPCR), panhandle PCR, cassette ligation-anchored, and Thermal Asymmetric Interlaced PCR. Despite various degrees of success, a number of drawbacks reduce the accuracy and efficiency of each of these methods. Unsequenceable domains are frequently poor in restriction enzyme sites or contain heterochromatic DNA, which has

Summary Protein detection using liquid chromatography (LC) followed by tandem mass spectroscopy has become a valuable tool for large-scale proteome analysis. Many efforts have been made to enhance throughput while maintaining sensitivity, particularly in the realm of low-volume samples. One such effort has been the introduction of pre-concentrating enrichment traps, which connect to the separation column through an intermediary tube. The enrichment trap automates sample loading into the separati

Summary The Haplotyper software program utilizes a novel algorithm called Partition-Ligation to reconstruct individual haplotype phase information from unphased genoptype data. The Partition-Ligation method uses an ingenious Markov chain Monte Carlo approach both to construct the partial haplotypes of each segment and to assemble all the segments together. It has the ability to deal with ambiguous or missing genotypes, it has the ability to handle hundreds or thousands of single nucleotide polym

Summary Background: Tuberculosis is the seventh most important cause of global premature mortality and disability. Currently there are 8 million new cases and 3 million deaths annually from tuberculosis, and it is projected that a total of 225 million new cases and 79 million deaths will occur between now and 2030. Despite the prevalence and incidence of tuberculosis, host populations are heterogeneous in terms of their susceptibility to infection, and only 10% of the individuals infected with T

Summary The invention enables multiplex gene synthesis in a single reaction, using very low concentrations of oligonucleotides. The method, which employs a unique temporary tagging strategy, offers significant advantages in terms of speed and economy over existing methods for building genes, and even genomes, particularly when coupled with high-throughput, high-density (e.g., array-based) oligonucleotide synthesis. The method also is useful for rapid generation of libraries of variant sequences

Summary Foundational work of Dr. George Church has enabled the production and use of replicable arrays of polymerase-amplified nucleic acid colonies (so-called "polonies") on semisolid support matrices (see Harvard Case No. 1438). The present invention extends the polony technology to provided miniaturized, high-density, bead-based nucleic acid arrays and improved methods for array-based sequencing of nucleic acids. High feature resolution enables identification and isolation of clonal sequences

Summary The importance of nucleic acid amplification from trace amounts of biological sample has increased with the expansion of genomic sequencing in various clinical and research-oriented applications. This invention characterizes techniques to reduce background signal experienced while cloning sub-nanogram nucleic acid templates. The technology is able to enhance the fidelity of sub-nanogram amplification and sequencing by reducing endogenous and exogenous nucleotide contamination by using re

Summary The invention comprises a novel method and an apparatus to manipulate, segregate, detect and analyze biological samples on a microfluidic CMOS chip. This technique offers sub-micrometer precision and fast processing speeds for a cheap, easily accessible lab-on-a-chip system. The technology is based on a microcoil array, built into the front end of the CMOS chip, which creates varying electric and/or magnetic fields that can be used to manipulate the system. A microfluidic chamber is phot

Background:
In healthcare, chemical analysis, environmental testing and other fields it is useful to separate particulate substances that are suspended in a fluid. For example separating cells from body fluids. So far, these techniques have typically required substantial capital equipment that can be both expensive and bulky, thus limiting where and when the separation can take place.
Novel technology:
The technology provides a microfluidic filter and concentrator that is capable of

Summary CD59 is a protein that exists in both glycated and non-glycated forms. An elevated ratio of glycated to non-glycated CD59 has been found to be an early (i.e., pre-symptomatic) prognostic marker for the onset of diabetes, as well as for its devastating vascular complications. In addition to its utility as an early diagnostic tool, measurement of CD59 glycation provides a more robust and convenient means by which to monitor glycemic control in diabetes patients than is offered by blood glu

Summary Background: Breakthrough research by Professor Sam Kunes and colleagues at Harvard University demonstrates that degradative control of the miRNA RISC pathway underlies the synaptic pattern of protein synthesis associated with the establishment of a stable long-memory. Manipulation of this pathway has implications not only for long-term memory, but also additional neurological disorders such as Parkinsonâ€™s and Huntingtonâ€™s disease. This pathway includes several proteins that

Summary Background: The National Cancer Institute has estimated that in year 2008, 68,810 new cases of bladder cancer will be diagnosed in United States, causing 14,100 deaths. The mortality of this cancer is attributed to the invasiveness of solid tumors into the muscular layers of the bladder. Clinically, biological markers that can predict such an invasive phenotype at an early stage will be useful for determining patient prognosis as well as in properly designing treatment regimens. Alterati

Summary Background:
The development and application of microfluidic systems have increased dramatically in recent years. The systems that typically involve controlled fluid flow through a number of microfluidic channels can provide unique platforms useful in both research and production. Flow through a microchannel is the result of competition between pressure driving the flow and viscous stresses that resist the motion. Soft objects in a microchannels (cells etc.) can modify the resistance s

Summary The emergence of bacterial strains resistant to current drugs has prompted a renewed effort to discover new methods for fighting infectious disease. A promising new target is FtsZ, a key mediator of bacterial cell division that is highly conserved among bacteria. Because FtsZ, much like its eukaryotic analog tubulin, consumes GTP during Z-ring assembly in mitosis, it is susceptible to both antagonists and agonists that interfere with its GTPase activity. Discoveries from two multidiscipl

Summary Enhanced Nanoparticle-Based Molecular Imaging via MRI
Elevator pitch: For biotech and pharmaceutical companies who need to track drug effectiveness in the drug discovery and for MRI facilities, hospitals and physicians who seek to diagnose and treat specific diseases through molecular imaging, the novel nanoparticle imaging agents are MRI contrast agents that enable MRI imaging at high resolution. Compared to alternatives, our NIAs can be produced at a lower cost, improve patient saf

Summary A high-dimensional metabolomics screen to diagnose and monitor chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has been developed. Over 3000 metabolites are detected to yield a â€˜cytogenetic signatureâ€™ that confirms the presence of cells bearing the Philadelphia chromosome, a genetic marker for CML. Through comparison of the levels of these metabolites to those found in the blood of disease-free individuals, diagnosis can be made as to the presence and severity of the cancer using only one bl

Summary Background: The advancement in psychiatric genetics and clinical neuroscience is hindered by the heterogeneity of psychiatric disorders and by difficulties in defining and characterizing the phenotype under investigation. A promising endophenotype is anhedonia, the loss of pleasure or lack of reactivity to pleasurable stimuli. Anhedonia is one of the core symptoms of depression and has been considered a potential trait marker related to vulnerability of depression. Anhedonia is not only

Summary Approximately 24 million people worldwide have dementia of which the majority (~60%) is due to Alzheimerâ€™s; by 2040, it is projected that this figure will have increased to 81 million. The drugs currently on the market, such as cholinesterase inhibitors, reduce the cognitive symptoms of Alzheimerâ€™s disease (memory, language, judgment, and other thought processes) and may improve patientâ€™s quality of life but they do not cure the disease.
Applications New insights

Summary A novel strategy for developing cancer-homing drugs has been developed by Dr. Amin Kassis that combines Enzyme-Mediated Cancer Imaging and Therapy (EMCIT) with radionuclides (see figure below). This powerful method achieves a multimodal effect, since it can be exploited for therapeutic efficacy as well as tumor imaging. The technology exploits molecular database mining, chemistry, and biology to generate accumulation of radionuclides only at sites of tumor growth. EMCIT capitalizes on th

Summary Background: The promise of computers made from biological molecules lies in their potential to operate within the biochemical environment of a living organism and to interact with that environment through inputs and outputs with other biological molecules. For example, a biomolecular computer might act as an autonomous "doctor" within a cell. It could sense signals from the environment indicating disease, process them using its preprogrammed medical knowledge, and output a signal for the

Summary Markets / Needs Addressed: Insulin resistance is the key factor of a collection of metabolic disorders including Type II diabetes, atherosclerosis, fatty liver disease, hypertension and dyslipidemia. The syndrome has reached epidemic levels worldwide, with 115 million individuals in 2004 suffering from metabolic disorders in the US, Japan, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK and this number is increasing rapidly, fuelled by the rising obesity and diabetes epidemic in industrializing

Summary Background:
The development and application of microfluidic systems have increased dramatically in recent years. The systems that typically involve controlled fluid flow through a number of microfluidic channels can provide unique platforms useful in both research and production. Flow through a microchannel is the result of competition between pressure driving the flow and viscous stresses that resist the motion. Soft objects in a microchannels (cells etc.) can modify the resistance s

Summary Background: The promise of computers made from biological molecules lies in their potential to operate within the biochemical environment of a living organism and to interact with that environment through inputs and outputs with other biological molecules. For example, a biomolecular computer might act as an autonomous "doctor" within a cell. It could sense signals from the environment indicating disease, process them using its preprogrammed medical knowledge, and output a signal for the

Summary The invention comprises a novel method and an apparatus to manipulate, segregate, detect and analyze biological samples on a microfluidic CMOS chip. This technique offers sub-micrometer precision and fast processing speeds for a cheap, easily accessible lab-on-a-chip system. The technology is based on a microcoil array, built into the front end of the CMOS chip, which creates varying electric and/or magnetic fields that can be used to manipulate the system. A microfluidic chamber is phot

Summary Protein detection using liquid chromatography (LC) followed by tandem mass spectroscopy has become a valuable tool for large-scale proteome analysis. Many efforts have been made to enhance throughput while maintaining sensitivity, particularly in the realm of low-volume samples. One such effort has been the introduction of pre-concentrating enrichment traps, which connect to the separation column through an intermediary tube. The enrichment trap automates sample loading into the separati

Summary Signal intensities between samples on a microarrary typically vary by as much as three to four orders of magnitude, frustrating efforts at comparative analysis of samples assayed in parallel. At any given laser power or photomultiplier tube gain (PMTG), some signals will be below detection threshold, while others will have saturated the signal-collection capacity of the scanning device. MicroArray Spot LINEar Regression ("MASLINER") is a software tool that addresses this critical deficie

Summary The invention comprises a novel method and an apparatus to manipulate, segregate, detect and analyze biological samples on a microfluidic CMOS chip. This technique offers sub-micrometer precision and fast processing speeds for a cheap, easily accessible lab-on-a-chip system. The technology is based on a microcoil array, built into the front end of the CMOS chip, which creates varying electric and/or magnetic fields that can be used to manipulate the system. A microfluidic chamber is phot

Summary Background:
The development and application of microfluidic systems have increased dramatically in recent years. The systems that typically involve controlled fluid flow through a number of microfluidic channels can provide unique platforms useful in both research and production. Flow through a microchannel is the result of competition between pressure driving the flow and viscous stresses that resist the motion. Soft objects in a microchannels (cells etc.) can modify the resistance s

Summary Background: The advancement in psychiatric genetics and clinical neuroscience is hindered by the heterogeneity of psychiatric disorders and by difficulties in defining and characterizing the phenotype under investigation. A promising endophenotype is anhedonia, the loss of pleasure or lack of reactivity to pleasurable stimuli. Anhedonia is one of the core symptoms of depression and has been considered a potential trait marker related to vulnerability of depression. Anhedonia is not only

Summary Background: The promise of computers made from biological molecules lies in their potential to operate within the biochemical environment of a living organism and to interact with that environment through inputs and outputs with other biological molecules. For example, a biomolecular computer might act as an autonomous "doctor" within a cell. It could sense signals from the environment indicating disease, process them using its preprogrammed medical knowledge, and output a signal for the

Summary Background:
The development and application of microfluidic systems have increased dramatically in recent years. The systems that typically involve controlled fluid flow through a number of microfluidic channels can provide unique platforms useful in both research and production. Flow through a microchannel is the result of competition between pressure driving the flow and viscous stresses that resist the motion. Soft objects in a microchannels (cells etc.) can modify the resistance s

Summary From the labs of Professor Alun Jones (inventor of CardioliteTM) and Professor Ashfaq Mahmood, comes a series of small molecule imaging probes, capable of conjugation to both SPECT-based and PET-based imaging agents. Lead candidates include sigma-1 and selective sigma-2 receptor probes in the low nanomolar sensitivity range (relevant to a wide variety of cancers, e.g., breast cancer), an advanced pre-clinical malignant melanoma diagnostic probe conjugated to technetium, and probes sensit

Summary Peridontitis is a serious oral disease characterized by highly painful loss of tissue between the tooth and the gingival tissue. In the US, it is estimated that dentists perform upwards of 28.5 million periodontal procedures each year, accounting for a multibillion dollar treatment market.
Leading oral disease research conducted at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine has elucidated a panel of diagnostic and prognostic gene markers for periodontitis. Current surgical intervention is

Summary Background: The National Cancer Institute has estimated that in year 2008, 68,810 new cases of bladder cancer will be diagnosed in United States, causing 14,100 deaths. The mortality of this cancer is attributed to the invasiveness of solid tumors into the muscular layers of the bladder. Clinically, biological markers that can predict such an invasive phenotype at an early stage will be useful for determining patient prognosis as well as in properly designing treatment regimens. Alterati

Summary A high-dimensional metabolomics screen to diagnose and monitor chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has been developed. Over 3000 metabolites are detected to yield a â€˜cytogenetic signatureâ€™ that confirms the presence of cells bearing the Philadelphia chromosome, a genetic marker for CML. Through comparison of the levels of these metabolites to those found in the blood of disease-free individuals, diagnosis can be made as to the presence and severity of the cancer using only one bl

Summary Markets / Needs Addressed: Insulin resistance is the key factor of a collection of metabolic disorders including Type II diabetes, atherosclerosis, fatty liver disease, hypertension and dyslipidemia. The syndrome has reached epidemic levels worldwide, with 115 million individuals in 2004 suffering from metabolic disorders in the US, Japan, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK and this number is increasing rapidly, fuelled by the rising obesity and diabetes epidemic in industrializing

Summary The invention enables multiplex gene synthesis in a single reaction, using very low concentrations of oligonucleotides. The method, which employs a unique temporary tagging strategy, offers significant advantages in terms of speed and economy over existing methods for building genes, and even genomes, particularly when coupled with high-throughput, high-density (e.g., array-based) oligonucleotide synthesis. The method also is useful for rapid generation of libraries of variant sequences

Summary Background:
The development and application of microfluidic systems have increased dramatically in recent years. The systems that typically involve controlled fluid flow through a number of microfluidic channels can provide unique platforms useful in both research and production. Flow through a microchannel is the result of competition between pressure driving the flow and viscous stresses that resist the motion. Soft objects in a microchannels (cells etc.) can modify the resistance s

Summary Approximately 24 million people worldwide have dementia of which the majority (~60%) is due to Alzheimerâ€™s; by 2040, it is projected that this figure will have increased to 81 million. The drugs currently on the market, such as cholinesterase inhibitors, reduce the cognitive symptoms of Alzheimerâ€™s disease (memory, language, judgment, and other thought processes) and may improve patientâ€™s quality of life but they do not cure the disease.
Applications New insights

Summary This invention provides methods of detecting and treating arterial inflammatory disease, including chronic allograft rejection subsequent to organ transplantation or chronic vascular Chlamydia pnuemonii infection, that results in atherosclerosis or restenosis.
A major limiting factor for survival after organ transplantation is the development of chronic rejection due to obliterative arteriosclerosis in the transplanted blood vessels. The factors responsible for the intimal thickening

Summary The class II MHC molecules function in the presentation of processed peptides to helper T cells during an immune response. Dysregulated expression of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules is hypothesized to contribute to the pathogenesis of a severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome and certain autoimmune diseases. Due to the central role these molecules play in the initiation of the immune response and disease, considerable effort is focused on elucidating the mecha

Summary Investigators at Harvard Medical School have isolated and functionally characterized eotaxin, a novel mammalian chemokine that regulates migration of eosinophils, a class of leukocytes known to travel up chemokine concentration gradients created by the expression of well-characterized, general signaling molecules that include interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interleukin 5 (IL-5). The migration of eosinophils into wounds or other inflamed sites results in tissue damage and delayed healing. At the

Summary The NCH-1 strain of the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE), isolated from a Nantucket patient in 1994, is available as a continuous culture in HL60 promyelocytic leukemia cells. This strain has been molecularly characterised, and is identical within the rDNA sequence that was analysed to material from upper Midwestern HGE patients. Greater than 50% of the HL60s become parasitised, allowing for its use as antigen in indirect immunofluorescent antibody tests.
Applications Be

Summary Research at Harvard University has led to a novel means of protecting the cell against oncogenic tumor formation. This invention provides compositions and methods for inhibiting degradation of tumor suppressor protein p53, thereby enhancing p53-mediated growth-suppressive properties. This technology shows particular promise in gene therapy applications.
Background
The p53 protein is a transcription factor involved in the control of cell cycle progression, DNA integrity, and the sur

Summary The enormous tissue and cellular diversity of multicellular organisms poses unique challenges, such as learning the gene expression patterns associated with embryonic or neurological development. One tool scientists use to help address these problems is DNA microarrays, which help provide measurement of a cell or tissues transcriptional programs. Despite the excellent of applications of microarray technology, no studies to date have demonstrated the use of microarrays with a single cell.

Summary This invention encompasses key modifications to the chemistry of aminoglycosides to overcome bacterial resistance. The novel chemistry leverages: (a) the weak stereospecificity of aminoglycoside binding to rRNA, and (b) the stereospecific binding of extrinsic enzymes shown to inactivate aminoglycosides. These distinct properties are used to generate aminoglycoside enantiomers and diastereomers able to escape enzyme-mediated resistance and also reduce future resistance generation. Experim

Summary Inhibition of bacterial septation machinery represents a promising approach for countering antibiotic-resistant bacteria. One such approach targets FtsZ, an essential protein and key mediator of bacterial cell division, which is highly conserved in prokaryotes, yet absent in the mitochondria of higher eukaryotes. Since FtsZ consumes GTP during the cytokinetic FtsZ ring (Z-ring) assembly, much like its eukaryotic analog tubulin during microtubule dynamics in mitosis, it is susceptible to

Summary This invention describes the identification of a novel, low molecular weight class of Phospholipase A2 enzyme, PLA2 Group XII, that is involved in Type 2 T helper (Th2) cell differentiation and activity. This enzyme provides a potential target for therapeutic modification of Th2 activity, including prostaglandin production and Th2-mediated immune response.
Applications This invention encompasses the isolation and use of PLA2 GXII nucleic acids and proteins, including transgenic animal

Summary The predominant strategies for drug discovery today employ high-throughput screens and microarray-based methods that generate large data sets. Increasingly, these techniques are being used to study biological processes as a function of time and/or chemical concentration. Functionally-related processes may vary in timecourse or strength in different experiments or individuals. Current clustering methods do not highlight their similarities, because while their expression- or reaction profi

Summary Background: Uracil is a nucleic acid base that, when bound to ribose or deoxyribose, forms uridine or deoxyuridine, respectively. Certain analogs of uridine and deoxyuridine have been synthesized and used in a variety of applications. For example, deoxyribouridine analogs containing a 5-amino group have been prepared and used as anticancer, antiviral, and antibacterial agents. In other cases, 5-amino deoxyribouridine analogs have been made with fluorescent compounds for use in DNA sequen

Summary Background: A variety of DNA amplification methods deal with sequence analysis of an uncharacterized region adjacent to a known element. These methods include inverse PCR (iPCR), panhandle PCR, cassette ligation-anchored, and Thermal Asymmetric Interlaced PCR. Despite various degrees of success, a number of drawbacks reduce the accuracy and efficiency of each of these methods. Unsequenceable domains are frequently poor in restriction enzyme sites or contain heterochromatic DNA, which has

Summary Protein detection using liquid chromatography (LC) followed by tandem mass spectroscopy has become a valuable tool for large-scale proteome analysis. Many efforts have been made to enhance throughput while maintaining sensitivity, particularly in the realm of low-volume samples. One such effort has been the introduction of pre-concentrating enrichment traps, which connect to the separation column through an intermediary tube. The enrichment trap automates sample loading into the separati

Summary Predicting protein-protein and protein-ligand docking remains one of the challenging topics of structural biology. The main problems are (i) to reliably estimate the binding free energies of docked states, (ii) to enumerate possible docking orientations at a high resolution, and (iii) to consider mobility of the docking surfaces and structural rearrangements upon interaction. The invention provides a novel algorithm, TreeDock, that addresses the enumeration problem in a rigid-body dockin

Summary This invention provides methods, reagents and kits for obtaining absolute quantification of proteins and their modifications directly from cell lysates. In particular, the invention provides peptide internal standards for use in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with online detection by multistage mass spectrometry (MSn).
Applications The invention provides reagents, kits, and methods for accurate quantification of proteins and methods for use. The reagents, kits, and meth

Summary The Haplotyper software program utilizes a novel algorithm called Partition-Ligation to reconstruct individual haplotype phase information from unphased genoptype data. The Partition-Ligation method uses an ingenious Markov chain Monte Carlo approach both to construct the partial haplotypes of each segment and to assemble all the segments together. It has the ability to deal with ambiguous or missing genotypes, it has the ability to handle hundreds or thousands of single nucleotide polym

Summary This invention, out of Marc Kirschner's research group, concerns the discovery of a novel protein required for mititic entry. Harvard researchers have isolated and identified the protein and the gene encoding the protein. Further work has shown Tome-1's key role in the activation of cdk1/Cyclin B, in turn required for mitotic entry.
Further details are available in Cell, Vol. 113, 1-20, April 4, 2003
Applications antimitotic antiproliferative oncology autoimmune For Further Inform

Summary Background: Chemotherapeutic DNA-binding compounds exert their effects, in part, by preventing DNA synthesis and initiating events that leads to apoptotic death. Despite the excellent antiproliferative activity of these compounds, though, elucidating their particular modes of action (i.e. their biological targets) has been difficult. Given this uncertainty, there is a high demand for the development of assays that can identify these essential drug effectors.
Novel Technology: A novel

Summary Background: Tuberculosis is the seventh most important cause of global premature mortality and disability. Currently there are 8 million new cases and 3 million deaths annually from tuberculosis, and it is projected that a total of 225 million new cases and 79 million deaths will occur between now and 2030. Despite the prevalence and incidence of tuberculosis, host populations are heterogeneous in terms of their susceptibility to infection, and only 10% of the individuals infected with T

Summary The invention enables multiplex gene synthesis in a single reaction, using very low concentrations of oligonucleotides. The method, which employs a unique temporary tagging strategy, offers significant advantages in terms of speed and economy over existing methods for building genes, and even genomes, particularly when coupled with high-throughput, high-density (e.g., array-based) oligonucleotide synthesis. The method also is useful for rapid generation of libraries of variant sequences

Summary Foundational work of Dr. George Church has enabled the production and use of replicable arrays of polymerase-amplified nucleic acid colonies (so-called "polonies") on semisolid support matrices (see Harvard Case No. 1438). The present invention extends the polony technology to provided miniaturized, high-density, bead-based nucleic acid arrays and improved methods for array-based sequencing of nucleic acids. High feature resolution enables identification and isolation of clonal sequences

Summary There is a need for new antibiotics that are useful against tuberculosis. Proteasomes of Mycobacterium tuberculosium are essential in enabling these bacteria to evade killing by macrophages of the infected host. Proteasome inhibitors, an emerging class of drugs, enhance the ability of host macrophages to kill M. tuberculosium; however, known inhibitors also block mammalian proteasomes. While one such composition has been approved for cancer therapy, these inhibitors likely are too toxic

Summary The importance of nucleic acid amplification from trace amounts of biological sample has increased with the expansion of genomic sequencing in various clinical and research-oriented applications. This invention characterizes techniques to reduce background signal experienced while cloning sub-nanogram nucleic acid templates. The technology is able to enhance the fidelity of sub-nanogram amplification and sequencing by reducing endogenous and exogenous nucleotide contamination by using re

Summary Peridontitis is a serious oral disease characterized by highly painful loss of tissue between the tooth and the gingival tissue. In the US, it is estimated that dentists perform upwards of 28.5 million periodontal procedures each year, accounting for a multibillion dollar treatment market.
Leading oral disease research conducted at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine has elucidated a panel of diagnostic and prognostic gene markers for periodontitis. Current surgical intervention is

Summary The emergence of bacterial strains resistant to current drugs has prompted a renewed effort to discover new methods for fighting infectious disease. A promising new target is FtsZ, a key mediator of bacterial cell division that is highly conserved among bacteria. Because FtsZ, much like its eukaryotic analog tubulin, consumes GTP during Z-ring assembly in mitosis, it is susceptible to both antagonists and agonists that interfere with its GTPase activity. Discoveries from two multidiscipl

Summary Enhanced Nanoparticle-Based Molecular Imaging via MRI
Elevator pitch: For biotech and pharmaceutical companies who need to track drug effectiveness in the drug discovery and for MRI facilities, hospitals and physicians who seek to diagnose and treat specific diseases through molecular imaging, the novel nanoparticle imaging agents are MRI contrast agents that enable MRI imaging at high resolution. Compared to alternatives, our NIAs can be produced at a lower cost, improve patient saf

Summary Markets / Needs Addressed: Insulin resistance is the key factor of a collection of metabolic disorders including Type II diabetes, atherosclerosis, fatty liver disease, hypertension and dyslipidemia. The syndrome has reached epidemic levels worldwide, with 115 million individuals in 2004 suffering from metabolic disorders in the US, Japan, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK and this number is increasing rapidly, fuelled by the rising obesity and diabetes epidemic in industrializing

Introduction Advances in microfluidic technology are constantly opening doors to new and exciting applications, especially for biosensors and environmental monitoring. One recent area of interest is point-of-care diagnostic devices. These devices provide fast, accurate, and inexpensive sample analysis. Recent advances have enabled a universal platform that is adaptable to a potentially limitless array of analytes and could lead to affordable health care devices, including for the developing worl

Introduction X-rays have long been used in the characterization of a wide variety of materials. However, conventional techniques for dealing with light-element (or low-Z) materials, such as those containing nitrogen and carbon, are too low in energy to penetrate significant distances into enclosing material or into the bulk of the material of interest. A higher energy technique is required to solve this problem. Technology Description Researcher Elam at the University of Washington has developed

Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among both men and women in the United States and, as such, is associated with high costs in terms of health care, morbidity, and mortality. An important aspect of the fight to reduce CVD is the development of diagnostic tests to identify people who are at increased risk of CVD and who will thus benefit from treatment. As such, there is a pressing need to identify markers for the rapid, accurate and non-invasive diagnosis an

Introduction Advances in microfluidic technology are constantly opening doors to new and exciting applications. Currently, many laboratory processes can be combined on a single chip commonly only millimeters in size while manipulating liquid volumes of picoliter size or less. In order to effectively perform the many processes that may be required of a microfluidic system, various tools are required, such as pumps, valves, mixers, and ratchets. In particular, the development of ratchets and other

Introduction Raman spectroscopy characterizes molecules by their Raman scattering. As incoming light scatters off a molecule, most does so elastically, neither gaining nor losing energy, and this is known as Rayleigh scattering. Some of this light, however, about 1 in 10 million photons, is the subject of an energy exchange with the molecule and scatters inelastically, possessing more or less energy than it started with, and this is known as Raman scattering. Raman scattering acts as a vibration

Introduction Respiration rates are an important indicator of cellular and metabolic states in cells ranging from mammalian to bacterial, from individuals to large populations. Unfortunately, conventional techniques have significant drawbacks: for instance, electrochemical techniques have low sensitivity and consume oxygen and optical techniques are difficult to integrate. With more effective monitoring techniques, the detection of microorganisms, the characterization of disease states, and the c

Introduction Although dental caries (tooth decay) is largely preventable, it remains the most common chronic disease of children aged 5 to 17 years. According to the CDC, it is five times more common than asthma. Extensive research indicates that dental caries is the result of a bacterial infection and current research seeks to identify risk factors for caries, as well as to identify natural oral defenses that may protect against or prevent caries development. UW researchers have discovered a co

Introduction Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a member of a three-gene family localized on human chromosome 7. Due to its role in the metabolism of both lipids and organophosphorus
(OP) compounds, genetic variability in PON1 has been examined by many research groups as a risk factor for vascular and other diseases as well as for OP exposure. A simple, high throughput, two-substrate assay/analysis system determines both PON1 levels as well as the functional PON1192 allo form(s) present in plasma (PON1 St

Introduction Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease are the two most common neurodegenerative disorders in the world, affecting at least 11 million people in developed countries. To date there are very few drugs on the market for these devastating disorders, and the drugs that are available provide only modest and temporary relief of some disease symptoms, while doing nothing to slow down disease progression. Technology description A novel automated approach has been developed to identi

Introduction Surface plasma resonance (SPR) is a general spectroscopic method for sensing refractive index changes near the surface of a metal film. Its sensitivity to these changes provides a versatile platform for the observation and quantitation of chemical reactions and intermolecular binding at the metal/solution interface. The generality of the technique has led to its application to a variety of chemical systems, including biological interactions and reactions. Technology description Rese

Introduction Genes involved in cell viability are targets for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic products related to aging. This technology encompasses methods, reagents, and pharmacological agents useful for extending life spans. Technology description Chronological lifespan in yeast has been likened to aging of post mitotic tissues. In yeast, chronological life span analysis measures the time that a yeast cell can retain viability under non-replicative conditions. To identify genes that r

Introduction Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) microscopy is a method to detect an analyze particles. SPR sensors work by shining a polarized light beam at an internally reflecting surface within a piece of glass which is coated with a metal on the outside, typically gold is used. This creates two optical paths: one created by the total internal reflection process and the second propagating on the metal surface. At the correct angle the interaction between these two paths, neither of which is dire

Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating, neurodegenerative progressive disorder and is a common disease in the elderly and is the predominant cause of dementia in people over 65 years of age. The prevalence of AD is estimated to be as high as 18.7% and 47.2% for the 75-84 year and >=85 year age groups respectively Thus, there is a large affected population in most countries of the world. Clinical symptoms of the disease typically begin with subtle short term memory problems. As th

Introduction Glutamate plays a major, widespread role in the control of neuroendocrine neurons, possibly controlling not only the neuroendocrine system but other hypothalamic regions as well. There are four major subclasses of glutamate receptor, one of which is coupled to a membrane-bound, GTP-binding protein (the G protein) and is pharmacologically and functionally distinct from the other major glutamate receptors (the G protein-coupled glutamate receptor, or GluG R.). Technology description T

Introduction Advances in microfluidic technology are constantly opening doors to new and exciting applications, such as point-of-care diagnostic devices. These microscale diagnostic platforms will enable faster, cheaper, and more accurate patient evaluation for a wide array of parameters. One such parameter is the coagulation capacity of blood, for abnormalities in which can be indicative of a wide variety of pathologies. The ability to more quickly and easily assess platelet function would grea

Introduction Doppler optical coherence tomography (DOCT) is a recently developed technology that can image blood flow with high special and temporal resolution. Technology description Researchers at the UW have developed techniques to improve the sensitivity of DOCT for real-time flow imaging by using cutter rejection filters. The filters reduce the signal scattering effect of moving blood cells and vessel walls. Business opportunity Results have shown that the accuracy in determining the small

Introduction Electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing techniques are well suited to rapid isolation and detection of biological particles. Microfluidic devices are particularly amenable to electrophoresis-based applications, offering advantages such as low reagent and sample consumption, reduced energy consumption and reduced analysis time. Technology description Researchers at the University of Washington have invented a microfluidic device that can rapidly and continuously fractionate a hetero

Introduction The analysis of biological samples is essential during patient care. Many such samples are traditionally measured using lengthy and complicated procedures which require the preconditioning of a blood sample withdrawn from the body. Preconditioning can be a lengthy and expensive process and usually destroys the sample. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy can be used to non-destructively analyze biological samples that contain water. Due to light scattering and difficulties in choosing s

BACKGROUND Conventional fluorescent dyes used in nucleic acid detection methods suffer from a number of limitations. High backgrounds result in false positives and a reduction in sensitivity. The small Stokes shift (difference between excitation and emission wavelengths) often requires optical filters to be used that further reduce sensitivity. Several detection techniques (Molecular Beacons, Sniper etc) also require the use of long oligonucleotide sequences whose design complexity can limit the

The Invention Current image acquisition and processing allow construction of images with a very wide range of luminous levels. The invention is a method for intelligently manipulating the luminous levels into a displayed image where a maximum amount of significant viewable detail can be simultaneously displayed. The algorithm is based on a visual model which includes retinal receptive fields and retinal adaptation mechanisms (gain control). The adaptation mechanism is related to local and remo

The Invention A new serum marker specific for liver disease has been discovered. The marker is the soluble form of the human asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR). An ELISA assay was developed with specific monoclonal antibodies that confirmed the correlation between reduced soluble ASGPR levels and liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and carcinoma. The Need Currently there is no reliable serum marker for liver disease. Liver damage is commonly associated with alcoholism and hepatitis B and C infectio

The Invention A method has been developed whereby the generation of new Alu exons in particular genes may be used as diagnostic markers for different cancers. The method associates RNA splicing isoforms with specific cancers which may be readily detected by standard methods.
The Need If detected early enough, in many cases, cancers can be cured with existing therapies. There is thus a desperate need for early detection of cancers and identification of those individuals with a predisposit

The Invention A novel, simple and cost effective assay for monitoring blood levels of rapamycin (sirolimus), and rapamycin analogues was developed. The conceptual basis of the invention is based on the utilization of the Rapamycin specific target, its binding protein and their complex formation in a Rapamycin-dependent manner, which enabled the design and production of recombinant fusion proteins as the basis for a simple ELISA based chromogenic reaction or automated analyzer.
The Nee

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