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the carolina watchman vol ix.-third series salisbury n c april 18 1878 no 26 washington notes ,. ,,-,, work amonqst the tuventors farmiiitl implements and machines puzsilies of the patent office washixgtox i c april 6 1878 fverv oi10 admires tbe wonderful achievement of thai little insect the busy ',,.,,_â€¢â€¢ ,),;,! manages to construcl its treas are l io ijsc upon the highest principles of pu ginecring skill combining in its hcx jgomd cells the btrcngth oftho arch and tl e compactness of cubes and then fills j vv j t li golden honey from the filth of a t if nothing better offers but this , v idence of reason or intelligence on thenar of the bee for its ten thousandth progenitor made jusl as gÂ«>od wax and | loll o 3 from the flowers of eden but the tand iguoranl adam who cultivated 1 with a man stick and his al most helpless hel *< who made the flrsi ,,,â€ž,!Â«â– robe oflig leaves wiih bark fibre ..,.â– thread and ti thoru for a needle have u-conieiua thousand generations of toil .,â€ž,] study bit a little lower thau the au , is uui the preseut race of men in civ countrics are masters of physical i , turc aud have subdued all thechmeuts to their usr a moxost tiie ixvextor9 if vou wish to be well convinced of the ess of the world in all useful arts niiil sciences go with ine f<v an hour to the model rooms of the patent ofiice the guperinlr tideiil of ihi i department mr it c.gill is a mosi affable and obliging reiitleman who will show us all thewon 1 . of the place not all for it would i-e the hard labor of months to make to make the most casual examination of ih many thousands of models iu this vast collection the in od el cases of the pal ent ives us a picture of the inventive of tho world here before us is tin practical brain power of many tlioti nen who gave man sleepless nights .. i toils n.e days to evolve from a crude liist idea a perfect machine or contri vance whose achievements should im press themselves upon the fortunes ofthe : â– ;. ,.; v ol d its if the field of invention discovery and application as represented hen covers every department of human interest or im ustry think of everything strange uen or curious that you ever heard of ami then conic hen to lind it duplicated with variations perhaps a hundred limes wc boys ol fifty years ago used to drop . tins of corn to a hill and a pump kin seed or beau to every fifth hill and t tool a btuarl boy to keep up with two hoes in covering just think of j17 corn ilroppei*s patented up to ld/3 this may serve as au illustration to show how the work of invention goes rm iu every de partment of human industry one would naturally suppose that about every thing valuable had been found out anil lhat tin ie was nothing new under thr sun i.i iii io the contrary past success only stimulates to new exertion aud achieve ment the year 1877 shows 13,019 pat ' i.i - granted a larger number than in any previous year except idol in which 13 â€¢ '- 1 patents were issued ilefore the fire last summer tho rooms and cases of the patent office contained about 21h),000 models and nearly half of these weir in jured or utterly destroyed by thr confla gration many of the half consumed models are being restored and as you walls through the long halls ot the burnt district and see the piles upon piles of lined models you wonder at the terrible holocaust of brain work a work that had cost the inventive genius of ihr couutry half a century to build up and the lire lielid only a few hours to destroy kakmixu implements axl machines ihe burner is the world's almoner standing at his granary door he distrib ute fruits of the soil to hungry mil '; "' ! -- famine-stricken nations show what would be the fate ofthe world with " il prosperity to the farming interest hie primary and paramount importance of this industry has naturally turned the eitbrts of inventors strongly in this direc tion more than thirty thousand patents liave been granted for tools contrivances and processes to benefit the farmer at the very foundation of all these is the plow in italy they still use tho old sharpened stick harnessed to a donkey with a rass rope after the fashion ofthe early romans in fact flic farming im plements of that country a:v almost iden tical with those found iu the râ€žii,s of i'ompci aud show that italy has stood still nearly two thousand years lu perfect ing the plow america has outstripped all othei countries and our improved im plements of this class save annually more thai 5.1,111.1 ii niid i * au â€ž. ag â€ž m ,, m . 1 with the rude old wooden plows of the las eentiuy the same bemticient in fluence of invention is fell in every de partment of agriculture the planter ! caper the thresher the corn-sheller ! tliestraw cutter these with a hundred ot lÂ»er contrivances give to the farmer iron j anusand steel lingers that with wonder '' - 11 ' peed and economy enabling him to ! double or quadruple his production with ' ery tittle increase of outlav ! ' ' riosities u the patent office invention has done more in the line of manufactures thau any other department of lÂ»Â«man enterprise our improved ma winery can turn out goods of manv de ' mptioiw whieh compel successfully hu the cheap labor but poorer machine's of europe amongst the models that il lustrate this fact is that of the nelson knitting machine now iu use at rock ford illinois it s thr only perfect knit ting machine yet invented completing its work in an admirable style without the use ofthe needle at the heel or toe of the stocking there are only twelve of these machines yet in operation they turn out 5,600 pairs of stockings a week ami are tended by a boy whose wages are 8 lb a month making the cost of knitting each pair one-sixth of a mill old ladies must abandon knitting unless they preserve it as a sourer of recreation or to be used as an accompaniment to the gossip of a tea table in 1840 mr middle of cleaveland ohio employed twenty men and boys to ma tin fact u re twenty thousand wood screws a day if you go into the cleveland screw works now you will see two girls tending two machines which turn out two hundred and forty thousand screws a day if you were in the old town of nurem hurg germany the centre of the toy trade of lhe world you might see barrels and boxes tilled with thousands of little wheels pinions springs aud other parts of clock or toy machinery and these all go from connecticut thr state that first inspired the inventive genius of the coun try by producing basswood pumpkin seeds it still stands at the head of thr list having taken out 607 patents or one to 375 inhabitants in the year l*-77 the germans are not great inventors but their women and children use car loads of our little brass and iron ginicracks and turn them into clocks or toys and send them hack to america for christinas gifts to thr children excuse me for devoting this entire let ter as i might a dozen more to the sub ject of american patents if you come to washington spend an hour or two in the model room anil you will see some of the springs and wheels that move the world 1 l t coxokessioxal work but little progress has been made iu legislation during the past week the pacific railroad funding bill which brings tiie union and central pacific to account and compels thein to provide for the pay ment of their honest debts is likely to pass within a few days aiul tin sunn vote which rloes this will favot thr con struction of the texas ami pacilic as a competing line and tin only possible pro tection against the exactions of the pre sent pacilic road i'he south is harmoni zing with the west and the two together can secure a measure fraught with ui.told benefits to both j l t j<>y vance invited to speak in macn.n ga kalelgu observer an invitation has beeu extended to governor vance by the representatives of ihe ladies memorial association of ma eon georgia to deliver an address of dedi cation upon laying the corner-stone of a monument to the confederate dead who lie buried their the letter requesting his acceptance of the high honor isso patriotic and earnest in its expression of deep sen timent for the dead and so full of regard for tin name and services of our govern or that we quote it in full : ma cox ga april i 1873 ( ior z i vance ualeigh x ('.: dkau sin on the 2uth of this month there is to be laid in this city the corner stone ofa monument in honor of the dead soldiers of thr confederate army the undersigned representing the ladies memoral association who have this mat ter iu charge as well as all of our citizens desire upou this occasion au address ol dedication of the monument being erect ed after much consideration by the committee of the many men who upheld the fortunes of thr confederacy iu tho great struggle you have been chosen to make the address in request ing your acceptance of this invitation we wish to assure you of our concurrent aud earnest desire that you accede to our request the important part thai yon bore in the last days of the war when north arolina was overrun by armed men makes your name ileal to every confederate soldier therefore it is especially appropriate that you act a prominent part iu rendering ti ibute to the memory and transmitting to future tinies a true record of the cause for which the confederate soldiers died we request if possible au early reply and a notification by telegram it it is entirely impracticable for you to be with us on the 26th of this month wi arr very respetfitlly jno p fort and others committee the next legislature should propose an amendment tothe constitution restoring the election of judges to the legislature as well as ihr election of as many other officers as possible there are too many elections â€” char don bight we go for it watchman l<t us send men to the next general assembly who will represent not only tlie political faith but the material interests of tin ir constituents ; who while no one will deprive them of the right to gratify the promptings of a reasonable ambition wiil not be so busy grinding their own axes that they can have no leisure to at tend to the wants of those whom they represent let our large commercial towns place in the house and senate a few political influential clear-headed merchants half a dozen energetic manu facturers while the country at large adds a plentiful sprinkling of hard-fisted far m rs - fayetteville gazette popular clamor we exceedingly regret to note the cry which seems to have been recently raised against chief justice smith of the su premo court bench when gov vance appointed iiini to till the vacancy occa sioned by the death of chief justice pear son thr general sentiment of the press and it seemed of the people was that the mantle of a great jurist had fallen on no unworthy shoulders and thai the august dignity and illustrious character of this department of the state government could suffer uo derogation when placed in the keeping of such a man the name of hon xv n il smith has been for many years before the people ol x in tli carolina prominently and never to our recollection except to crown it with honor and to couple it with terms of hearty and affectionate praise asa lawyer he has won a spotless reputation achieved a high position accomplished singular success and won the coniidence of all who sought him in professionalintercour.se asacitizen he has beeu everforcmost in demonstrating his love and his loyalty for his people and his country ; as a man his character is without a spot and those who best know him esteem his as a gentleman there needs to be then something more thau has beeu developed in the passage of late events to justify us in turning oar backs upon the recent hearty approval which we were so glad to give of the judicial appointment of gov vance â€” surely no thing emanating from judge smith has made us deem him the less worthy man the less able judge ; indeed his published lei ter is full of quiet dignity calm patience and a consciousness of recitude no one could deprecate more than we did the status of our society and the framing of our laws whereby such decisions as those i in the miller aud driver cases were ren dered necessary â€” and uo oue expressed more boldly such deprecation ; but we are not willing to hold the chief justice or his associates responsible for a defeat in organic law and we hope that the time has not yet come iu thr history of our party when it is prepared tinder the spur of excited feeling to rlo gross injustice to a tried and valued public servant â€” north carolina gazette ofa truth it may be said of the bell punch there's millions in it some time ago we endeavored to show that un der the moffettlaw at lwast a million and a half of dollars could be raised in this state that was not an overestimate the city of st louis which has about one-half of the population of north aro lina contains upwards of 4,000 drinking saloons the globe democrat allows the average income daily of each to be 10 - a very low figure tin same a we allowed for our state in our recent calculation it makes the aggregate receipts 40,000 dai ly or 14,000,000 annually reckoning thr ratio between malt and alcoholic drinks as four to one st louis would re alize under the moffett law 520 daily or 1,393,000 annually the globe-demo crat strenuously advocates the introduc tion of the bell-punch iu that city and in rloing so uses these pointed words the bell-punch is coming as sure a.s fate and we may as well recognize it nothing can be sairl agaiust it no one ueed pay his taxes in this way if he does not want to why can we not have the law iu north carolina there is noth ing compulsory about il and we have yet to hear oue single good argument advanc ed against it let us give it a trial â€” ral x cits tiie fish hatchery a novel machine has been tested by the united states fish commissioners which will it is hope 1 ., prevent the heavy loss always incurred by tlie transporta tion of small fry over the long railroad routes the machine consists of a series of long levers with peculiar buckets ou the end in which the fish eggs are placed these levers project from the centre of thr scow in which they are placed out over lhe gunwales anil are made to dip in aud out ofthe water at slow and regu lar intervals by the evolution of the shaii or cylinder to which they are attach ed the eggs being in constantly changing water and receiving that requisite amount of agitation which is necessary i'm their hatching tin fish commissioners have fitted up a fleet of four scows each pro vided with a steam apparatus and this squadron was started out of baltimore for the south atlantic shad streams mak ing avoca near the mouth of the roau okc river albemarle sound in our state the base of operations â€” red news a good mini the may shober mine near the head of hidden treasure gulch is owned by messrs hall llubbell and delong antl has been worked by a full force of meu and looks well the rock is the same red quartz that is minded from the fairview and keets mines anil has attracted much attention from the capitalists and experts we are pleased to note that this party of southern young men have met with such flattering pros pect in the hills we understaud their mine is named after one of north caro lina's famous belle's who has already made her marks iu washington society â€” black hills herald mr hall in the above is our former townsman mr stoi kton hall an en terprising and live man success to him discomforts of the sick those only who have passed weary davs and wakeful nights in weakness and pain on a bed of sickness with powers of en i durance enfeebled and every form of i physical and mental sensibility acutely active can comprehend the multitude and misery ofthe discomforts which beset the sick noise in its hideously infinite var iety ; creaking boards which no deftly made screw has been devised to secure : | rattling china and ware not yet replaced | by ingeniously-devised substitutes â€” per ! haps the old wooden bowl and platter on j dumb waiter for food and articles par i tially protected with rubber for general 'â– use falling coals and cinders surely pre i ven table by the employment of wooden j tongs and silent ash-pans ; harsh door ; fastenings possibly avoidable by speci 1 'â– apparatus constructed for use with locks ! temporarily fasten back : glaring lights : that irritate the wakeful and make the dozing dream and start puzzling shadows or lugubrious darkness evils instantly remediable if only it were possible to se cure a soft and shaded light these are : a few of the surface grievances of the first i stage of illness when tlie head aches the i faculties of heating and sight are preter , naturally intensified and a morbid fancy extracts suffering and bewilderment from every disturbing circumstance however small then comes the stage of helplessnsess when the sick person lies in the paralyz j ing grip <>â€¢ his malady perhaps uncon scious or delirious and those about want , of the ai.ls which shill ami thought can bring to their assistance to minister lo his necessities safely promptly and with the least distress or disturbance in the pa tient and surroundings it is seldom pos sible to say precisely how little or how | much the surroundings of a seemingly j unconscious person affect him in this period of an illness apparatus contrivan ces and arrangements of every class for i the ministration of comforts to the sick play not an unimportant part iu the treat ment and should be regarded it is dis cou raging to observe the meagre results id the enterprise bestowed by designers ami producers of appliances useful in this ! phase of sickness for example a thor | ongnly efficient feeder suitable for use in the case of au adult does not exist and expert nurses revive the old-fashioned butter boat a shaded hand lamp of no greater weight than may be borne on a finger and so contrived that the light â€¢ will fall at tin point required without i assailing the eyes of the patient is not ! yet devised complicated nnd costly beds quite out of reach of any middle classs family and therefore available only for the wealthy or the fortunate inmates ef hopitals alone meet the requirement of cleanliness without discomfort thr like , is true of nearly all the apparatus for the i relief of pain by change of posture and for securing immunity from pressure or 1 steadiness in a particular position the rich and the poor an provided but not the multitude in narrow circumstances with small and inelastic financial reseoar ces the stages of convalescence rs in many respects the most trying of all it is then lhat petty annoyances such as arise from noises draughts smoke foni vapors bail or ill managed light i m propel ly cooked food nauseous remedies administered in uncleanly and uncomfortable cups or glasses knives forks and spoons that turn over with a clatter things that fall or ait readily knocked down irriating wall papers hard lumpy or two soft beds burdensome or cold bedclothes beds hat can only be put in order with labor and confusion there is scarcely tin ar ticle or piece of apparatus for the sick chamber which is not obviously suscepti ble of improvement and would not repay thr thought expended upon if if placed within reach of families witli small in comes who feel the cost of comfort iu sickness none of these matters are be neath the consideration of the medical practioner in no small proportion of cases they are relatively of high moment it is neither wise nor sate to leave the care of surh details to nurses whether trained or domestic the physician should be able to direct those in charge of the sick what to provide where to obtain all necessary appliances and how to use them wheu at hand this is a matter of more than common importance ami if is with the view of reminding the profession and the producers of special apparatus efficient aud inexpensive of the conspicu ous part their enterprise should play in minimizing the discomforts ofthe sick we bring the subject uuder noticeâ€”lan cet snake cannibalism a contributor to the scientific american in tin article which appeared in the issue of march 16 id 3 descriptive ofthe hab its of snakes expressed the opinion that there were uo opltiophagi or snake-eating snakes in this country we have received several communica tions iu which the writers cite incidents coming under their observation which seem to prove the contrary one correspondent h of poughkeepsie n y writes while rambling through the woods near dedham mass one af ternoon some years ago i suddenly cams upon a large black snake iu theact of swal lowing a garter s 1:l ke of about half usi own size he had succeeded in getting ! down nearly one half the length of his pÂ«y head first aud was so completely ; gorged as to be incapable of moving a j lew blows from a stout stick dispatched him the black snake measured 4 feet fl inches in length mr p n parker of newberry s c also observes we have here a black and white snake we call the king snake which will leave any other kind ot food to eat a snake there was oae brought in town a few daws ago with a much larg er snake than itself hanging from its inuoth half swallowed the manufacture of dauds art degraded to a trade the 7w bifnc calls it but that i an insult to honest industry {; j s because the daubs are made to be sold for what they are not the business of making and mount ing imitation works of art i objectiona ble the daubs known to the trade as buckeyes 1 a:o turned out by the thous and some shops in this eity beiug able to produce them at the rate of a hundred a day about nine-tenths of them are copies of landscapes 1 he artists need only so much skill as wiil enable hem to i handle a common paint brush or to man age a stencil plate in many ofthe shops the most ofthe work is done by boys and girls earning from fifty cents to a dollar a day the maturer workmen paint by the piece getting from fifty cents to two dol lars for each painting they paint entirely by rule nsingpaints and canvas prepared by the manufactur ers the canvas costs about eight cents a square yard poor artists are employ ed by the day to touch up the pictures which are varnished to hide their more glaring faults and then flashiugly mounted in imitation gilt frames the entire cost of paintings and frames is about oue-lifth the cost of go.nl frames yet when new they ap pear very attractive to the inexperienced especially when display under gas light iu auction rooms placarded a.s choice collections of american and foreign artists daubs which can be bought of the man ufacturers at the rate of 50 a dozen of ten sell for 20 or 30 a piece the largest manufactory of such paint ings in the city occupies the whole of a three story building the most of the pictures go out of the city the owner said to tbe tribune reporter i get or ders from all parts of the country now and can iill au order for a hundred pic tures within a few hours notice the pi ices of this maker range from 30 to 100 a dozen frames included most of these pictures being 3tix22 inches a size convenient for the economical cutting of canvas at a rival shop the prices rang ed from 40 to 150 a dozen another manufacturer of buckeyes of a smaller size sells for 16 a dozen tlie swindling devices adopted by deal ers iu these fraudulent pictures are those of mock autioueers everywhere and the manufacturers abet the swindle by signing their daubs with the names of popular painters ingeniously misspelled or with initals wanting t i a common trick of hawkers of these pictures to profess to be artists in distress and wihni to leave valuable pictures as security for a small loan : or they arr about to leave the city to fulfill a profitable engagement ami would be glarl to sell at a great sacri fice to raise tlu money needed for the journey a gentleman who took apaiut ing as a security for a loan of 30 the other day discovered soon after that the regular juice of thr picture by the doz en was fifty cents a piece srientifit a nt erica ii the gatling gun aloft in the old days of yard arm toyaidaim naval conflicts it was always customary to station go-id marksmen in the tops their duty being to pick off the enemy's officers and disable the crews of the spar deck guns other men stationed alofl were provided with haul grenades sm ill explosive shells which they threw upon the deck ofthe hostile vessel the light mitrailleuse now used on men-of-war is a i far more formidable means of offense than either single rifles or grenades aud in fact it renders impossible the working of exposed gans on any craft within the ran-'eof the hail of bullets whieh it pro our engraving from the london illus trated xews presents in american gat ling gnu as arranged for use in the main top ol a ibitish man of war a significant example ofthe avidity with which foreign nations adopt the inventions which ori ginate on this side of the atlantic espe j cially when tiie same are of superior val j ue for war purposes the gun as here de i picted consists ofa number of gun barrels which may be as many as ten fixed around tlie main shaft which isalso combined with iv grooved carrier to hold the cartridges dropped into it one by one : and with u cylinder in which are cul slots for as many gun locks as then are barrels to be fired the whole of the above apparatus is raised or lowered or moved tothe rig'it or left by working a handle at the side there isa drum fixed on the top,contain ing 350 cartridges set in rows : this is s > arranged as to be the feeder by dropping j the cartridges in succession boo tie ear ; rier from which they are shifted by lock â– action into the gun barrels successively ! brought round with each revolution of the cylinder the eulibci of theguu bar rels is 0-4 inch : they can be charged aud tired with great rapidity discharging five or sis shots in a socju i - scientific amci ,; can a cubic milk of humanity a fanciful gnnins suggests that ir i ; now time to celebrate the completion of the tirst cubic mile of humanity and g a calculation to show that the bodies of all-mankind from th first adaindownto the adams just born if closely packed without diminution of vol line would ex actly fill that spa.e 1 b-re are his figures j which our mathematicians who have nothing else to do may verify if they can : according to the orthodox chrou 1 has been inhabit 1 about g,00fl years oi 1/0 generations its present population is about fifteen hundred millions but \ this density ol mpuhitirin must have â– been slowly reached since all are de scended-from nu original pair coi qncitth e takes half the iinmih-r mt um [ i sent seven hundred and fifty millions as the avera e population orld ' from the beginning until now . n .. ate human bodies during the 17 i generations 1 2tÂ»,500 millions die in iutancy aud half are women the average weight of each body i takeu as seventy four pounds the aggregate wi ofall mankind to date must accordii be j millii ii ; â€¢: s or a little more i the weight ofa cubic i tile ol since the human body with the i not inflated : s a tride heavier thau . water our calculator assumes iba his es timated 4,212 million tons ot humauity would fill the same space as 1,205 milliou tons of sea water or precisely one cnbi mile taking thr same figures ;::: 1 exercising the same freedom in i riking averages the mathematically inclined may deduce any number of amusing res il s por in ; stance assuming the average length of humanity to be a little uuder four . the bodies of all mankind liviug and dead placed end to end would just make a bridge from tiie earth to the sun ! scii ntijic ami â– ican ' new mode of warming rail road cars an experiaieut was lately m uie by ihe new york elevated railroad company ! in the use ofa newly invented apparatus ! for heating a train of cars by the sai plus steam from a locomotive and satisfactory i results were obtained the apparatus consists of a chain of pipes extending through the cars on each side connected between the cars aud the locomotive by an clastic hose wound to prevent condensation and with couplings similar to those used for the car brakes the dome or some convenient steam main on the locomotive is tapped for a small pipe in which is a valve by which the engineer or fireman cau control the heat in the ears under the ear body are two expansion valves to allow vent for the air when steam is first turned on and also to allow the cold water of condensa tion to be freed from the pipes and to prevent freezing the pipes inside the cars are inclosed within other aud thin ner pipes and the space between the two is packed with tine dried saml the heat from the ho steam pipes is imparted to the and which radiates it through the thin outer pipe ]',;. this means the heat of 330 which is imparted io the inner pipe is given oil so gradually j as to keep the cars comfortable heated lor two hours so that by charging the ap j paratns before the train starts and from j time to time throwing into il the surplus ; steam which would otherwise have to be blown off and wasted the necessity for stoves is obviated as well as the dangi r of tin iu ease of ar idem it isalso claim : ed that the proper ventilation of the ears : is rendered easier hy this proci -- than by the use of stoves scientific american improved propaua'j 'â– n by cuttings i'eter henderson described last winter â– in the agriculturist an improvi ! mo ie hi was tin n using for i he pi opagation of ger aniums liis object was in the first ; to avoid thei shaustionof the pai nl pi by the removal of cut tiugs abruptly ; and secondly to make sure work he takes the young shoo which is to be used as a cut ting ami snaps il shorl leaving il i ing by a mall portion of the hark th s shred is sutiicieiit to sustain the cutting without any material injury from will until it forms a callus which precedes the ;' a inal ion of root <. i a from eight to i welve lays i is d faeh id and potted iu i i wo .:: i three inch pots it is rath r less haded and waten il t ban oi tl inary cul - '. iin s aud :' ir:n - roots in abmil i ight to r clve day - more last fall mr i lend i - son propagated about 10,0 i plan - of the i icolor class v ithoul lo ang ca per ci uf with the common method he thinks he would have lost fifty per cent 1 liis mode is applicable to the abui ilou beg ui i ear nation cactus lantaua oleandi r etc by , young unripened ho .: -. i tin shoo i ih.es not break i â– -.: simp to a knee a knife ni iy be user foi i ting about two thirds i iirough the i ; ' i h.-.i bor bill hash en j ed it contain the following appropria tions for north carolina -( ape pear river \ s-'.a â€¢: roanoke 4,00 n use river ' 20,000 currituck sound anu north river bar 20,1x10 scuppernong river - 2,0 â– â– >. kdentou harbor 4,000 among the liv | ers sec ordered to be surveyed are the yadkin river north carolina dan river i from clarksville rio dauville y to j i lanbury n c trent and chowan ri no th 'â– arolina neuse rivei fi .â– . . . ti id to . loblsb io a id the tai : ivei from washington to tarboro n c ral ob rm a british man-of-war capsizes li '' '''''â€¢â€¢' â€¢â€¢'--' thia timr artended * ith a of lire is mi added to the long ii-t of eaa - which during th last ;â– v ;., >.. : ,â€ž ,â€ž,,.,. bri i-ht y ilie rieini-.g shin ihnydie . a wooden vessel ofsai tons wa on march 24 struck by a squall offthelsw of wight and almosl immediately cnpsiceÂ«laii4ntdil carrying down with he soon 100 sailers nothing but the g â– â€¢..; niÂ«iÂ«ssiifel and bad -. iiiirinship can a-.-omu tor a dis ast : " ; â– " w kind a mmitnr ivte e*cur red to the ii ptniri it will be re membered sow . : but thai was directly at to her low tree-bo-.ird ud oth :\ ute fii dry consul lr 'â€¢ n ami i-el lleÂ«j â€¢;. â– ;â€¢ pu-l .,.; . s | .,.., j j ,.-.,,_. h.st -. ith her - ii'iim ves wenal but discred : naming of the vanguard hy thi h m d . or snn dry other events whieh l ml - tl â– . â– more in m d of protectir .; i ;,, leu the enemii - tin .., . ie ! ' â– ty it in more res â€¢ . our lives . , ; and our - domestic inl a se more n fined i all menus plant some little thing ol prar i to temper the i nggi i surroundings i froul yard its silent tho igh . lo pteut language v ill spi ak to the \ : assi i by a word of i yon tl o has fiowei or shrub ivill :..â– some attrac tion : a em Â» i twecn trees t " tbe . ,;..,.* shells with the i jover 1 , thr oi the i.:l ol fern and all li : . iv and foi pleasing object foi : ie i ye ol even tho mosi indift'ei ..: ral â€¢/. wc#i â€¢ iiamp n in a - \ iewei through nok i hern i'l vs.skrf oath w : iting from charleston s carolina to the imiiladelphia limes says 1 did uot si . ;; ilrnnki ;; person in char leston the negroes who swarmed the principal streets t years ago are uo longer au impediment bul the animated time of day is at the pi ging and dismis sal of school when black and white chil dren hurry on w ith their books ; the whole rising generation - cms to be leaning about one-third of the police are negror â– even under conservative rule the labor ofthe state has nf its own motion settled down to contract wade hampton has almost universal honor and confidence ami the scurvy elements iu edgohi id and elsewhere gel no countenance in belittling him lie will be the next governor nf the state if his life is spared and le pn sents a model to aspiring southern states men of how mildness honor faith and loyalty invariably triumph over sulleu nr-ss severity and selfishness the ed .Â« - field district is almost without respect in south carolina and at the mention of it the average native gives a smile of pity s.iid one stump . ton before the v ar : when fl i di \ i took the lord in to the in iitntain he said all that i <> t s e i will give vou to win liip me ex cept edg field ! th it mine i i rau'l 1 â– â€¢: edgi field :_ r e . : on k '.- li id bul it i â– only in i ended i â€¢ appl . to the n publican i ticiau ol ' - i'ni w . '. : . ' iu â€¢ . '. t.ii !- first learn to be â– .' iu i dan fitter , obedient kind and gentle to un parents kind lhougli)*'fcil to youi brother for in you in should iiml a c mi foi tin .'. â€¢â– uirita ble i'orgi . . * â– . > iipanion your s mp open as l he day and as . '. i i â€¢ i . '-. - i - - ter's i ici iml one it ish â– . â–º . . â– . ;- dom > ways to : -- re v ihe . - ie hoin u . i â€¢ every siste mi ilitate o he is and she ought to be : on her o.lic . her duty , her ph .; .- ire hei life foi i mod el and set an example of i.;,i patienr-o and ; re to be i lie smile and lighl of home ai il â– â€¢ hi i you en cr youi second home as i m ner to om pi om ised to io i word of advice m make y our hoe â€¢ i fi i ml - i â– a rei tain lit i ... i curb i am by her bi fell d f no . . â€¢ . lord i bh - .. ither 1 oui he lies hi -' lis he â– '. â€¢â– i .. al 1 >, j -. dr us . . i'cardiei â– read ing aud l^whe sailed down the j - <:â€¢ " i'i ii-ltw why at â– she . died die '." hoy pn . â– re ex : hi r.i t i lem a i Â»-â– : roi i with a cord tied ; â– it in .: pu lie doorway ele en pei*sons i tibrel hi w as theii >, and cairicd il with tin m the length ol the string then thev sud denly drop tl out once look to nick it up a ihuscal who m i led a i uby hain il a y < a ago i i-i mned to his mol her for a visit on sunday au ! sin il o.en i that â– â€¢! become balrl hi ided h ' sover said 1 ion poil t is v hei â– â– man hiv-i aif :. hei | i *! ."

the carolina watchman vol ix.-third series salisbury n c april 18 1878 no 26 washington notes ,. ,,-,, work amonqst the tuventors farmiiitl implements and machines puzsilies of the patent office washixgtox i c april 6 1878 fverv oi10 admires tbe wonderful achievement of thai little insect the busy ',,.,,_â€¢â€¢ ,),;,! manages to construcl its treas are l io ijsc upon the highest principles of pu ginecring skill combining in its hcx jgomd cells the btrcngth oftho arch and tl e compactness of cubes and then fills j vv j t li golden honey from the filth of a t if nothing better offers but this , v idence of reason or intelligence on thenar of the bee for its ten thousandth progenitor made jusl as gÂ«>od wax and | loll o 3 from the flowers of eden but the tand iguoranl adam who cultivated 1 with a man stick and his al most helpless hel *< who made the flrsi ,,,â€ž,!Â«â– robe oflig leaves wiih bark fibre ..,.â– thread and ti thoru for a needle have u-conieiua thousand generations of toil .,â€ž,] study bit a little lower thau the au , is uui the preseut race of men in civ countrics are masters of physical i , turc aud have subdued all thechmeuts to their usr a moxost tiie ixvextor9 if vou wish to be well convinced of the ess of the world in all useful arts niiil sciences go with ine fy vance invited to speak in macn.n ga kalelgu observer an invitation has beeu extended to governor vance by the representatives of ihe ladies memorial association of ma eon georgia to deliver an address of dedi cation upon laying the corner-stone of a monument to the confederate dead who lie buried their the letter requesting his acceptance of the high honor isso patriotic and earnest in its expression of deep sen timent for the dead and so full of regard for tin name and services of our govern or that we quote it in full : ma cox ga april i 1873 ( ior z i vance ualeigh x ('.: dkau sin on the 2uth of this month there is to be laid in this city the corner stone ofa monument in honor of the dead soldiers of thr confederate army the undersigned representing the ladies memoral association who have this mat ter iu charge as well as all of our citizens desire upou this occasion au address ol dedication of the monument being erect ed after much consideration by the committee of the many men who upheld the fortunes of thr confederacy iu tho great struggle you have been chosen to make the address in request ing your acceptance of this invitation we wish to assure you of our concurrent aud earnest desire that you accede to our request the important part thai yon bore in the last days of the war when north arolina was overrun by armed men makes your name ileal to every confederate soldier therefore it is especially appropriate that you act a prominent part iu rendering ti ibute to the memory and transmitting to future tinies a true record of the cause for which the confederate soldiers died we request if possible au early reply and a notification by telegram it it is entirely impracticable for you to be with us on the 26th of this month wi arr very respetfitlly jno p fort and others committee the next legislature should propose an amendment tothe constitution restoring the election of judges to the legislature as well as ihr election of as many other officers as possible there are too many elections â€” char don bight we go for it watchman lâ€¢ his malady perhaps uncon scious or delirious and those about want , of the ai.ls which shill ami thought can bring to their assistance to minister lo his necessities safely promptly and with the least distress or disturbance in the pa tient and surroundings it is seldom pos sible to say precisely how little or how | much the surroundings of a seemingly j unconscious person affect him in this period of an illness apparatus contrivan ces and arrangements of every class for i the ministration of comforts to the sick play not an unimportant part iu the treat ment and should be regarded it is dis cou raging to observe the meagre results id the enterprise bestowed by designers ami producers of appliances useful in this ! phase of sickness for example a thor | ongnly efficient feeder suitable for use in the case of au adult does not exist and expert nurses revive the old-fashioned butter boat a shaded hand lamp of no greater weight than may be borne on a finger and so contrived that the light â€¢ will fall at tin point required without i assailing the eyes of the patient is not ! yet devised complicated nnd costly beds quite out of reach of any middle classs family and therefore available only for the wealthy or the fortunate inmates ef hopitals alone meet the requirement of cleanliness without discomfort thr like , is true of nearly all the apparatus for the i relief of pain by change of posture and for securing immunity from pressure or 1 steadiness in a particular position the rich and the poor an provided but not the multitude in narrow circumstances with small and inelastic financial reseoar ces the stages of convalescence rs in many respects the most trying of all it is then lhat petty annoyances such as arise from noises draughts smoke foni vapors bail or ill managed light i m propel ly cooked food nauseous remedies administered in uncleanly and uncomfortable cups or glasses knives forks and spoons that turn over with a clatter things that fall or ait readily knocked down irriating wall papers hard lumpy or two soft beds burdensome or cold bedclothes beds hat can only be put in order with labor and confusion there is scarcely tin ar ticle or piece of apparatus for the sick chamber which is not obviously suscepti ble of improvement and would not repay thr thought expended upon if if placed within reach of families witli small in comes who feel the cost of comfort iu sickness none of these matters are be neath the consideration of the medical practioner in no small proportion of cases they are relatively of high moment it is neither wise nor sate to leave the care of surh details to nurses whether trained or domestic the physician should be able to direct those in charge of the sick what to provide where to obtain all necessary appliances and how to use them wheu at hand this is a matter of more than common importance ami if is with the view of reminding the profession and the producers of special apparatus efficient aud inexpensive of the conspicu ous part their enterprise should play in minimizing the discomforts ofthe sick we bring the subject uuder noticeâ€”lan cet snake cannibalism a contributor to the scientific american in tin article which appeared in the issue of march 16 id 3 descriptive ofthe hab its of snakes expressed the opinion that there were uo opltiophagi or snake-eating snakes in this country we have received several communica tions iu which the writers cite incidents coming under their observation which seem to prove the contrary one correspondent h of poughkeepsie n y writes while rambling through the woods near dedham mass one af ternoon some years ago i suddenly cams upon a large black snake iu theact of swal lowing a garter s 1:l ke of about half usi own size he had succeeded in getting ! down nearly one half the length of his pÂ«y head first aud was so completely ; gorged as to be incapable of moving a j lew blows from a stout stick dispatched him the black snake measured 4 feet fl inches in length mr p n parker of newberry s c also observes we have here a black and white snake we call the king snake which will leave any other kind ot food to eat a snake there was oae brought in town a few daws ago with a much larg er snake than itself hanging from its inuoth half swallowed the manufacture of dauds art degraded to a trade the 7w bifnc calls it but that i an insult to honest industry {; j s because the daubs are made to be sold for what they are not the business of making and mount ing imitation works of art i objectiona ble the daubs known to the trade as buckeyes 1 a:o turned out by the thous and some shops in this eity beiug able to produce them at the rate of a hundred a day about nine-tenths of them are copies of landscapes 1 he artists need only so much skill as wiil enable hem to i handle a common paint brush or to man age a stencil plate in many ofthe shops the most ofthe work is done by boys and girls earning from fifty cents to a dollar a day the maturer workmen paint by the piece getting from fifty cents to two dol lars for each painting they paint entirely by rule nsingpaints and canvas prepared by the manufactur ers the canvas costs about eight cents a square yard poor artists are employ ed by the day to touch up the pictures which are varnished to hide their more glaring faults and then flashiugly mounted in imitation gilt frames the entire cost of paintings and frames is about oue-lifth the cost of go.nl frames yet when new they ap pear very attractive to the inexperienced especially when display under gas light iu auction rooms placarded a.s choice collections of american and foreign artists daubs which can be bought of the man ufacturers at the rate of 50 a dozen of ten sell for 20 or 30 a piece the largest manufactory of such paint ings in the city occupies the whole of a three story building the most of the pictures go out of the city the owner said to tbe tribune reporter i get or ders from all parts of the country now and can iill au order for a hundred pic tures within a few hours notice the pi ices of this maker range from 30 to 100 a dozen frames included most of these pictures being 3tix22 inches a size convenient for the economical cutting of canvas at a rival shop the prices rang ed from 40 to 150 a dozen another manufacturer of buckeyes of a smaller size sells for 16 a dozen tlie swindling devices adopted by deal ers iu these fraudulent pictures are those of mock autioueers everywhere and the manufacturers abet the swindle by signing their daubs with the names of popular painters ingeniously misspelled or with initals wanting t i a common trick of hawkers of these pictures to profess to be artists in distress and wihni to leave valuable pictures as security for a small loan : or they arr about to leave the city to fulfill a profitable engagement ami would be glarl to sell at a great sacri fice to raise tlu money needed for the journey a gentleman who took apaiut ing as a security for a loan of 30 the other day discovered soon after that the regular juice of thr picture by the doz en was fifty cents a piece srientifit a nt erica ii the gatling gun aloft in the old days of yard arm toyaidaim naval conflicts it was always customary to station go-id marksmen in the tops their duty being to pick off the enemy's officers and disable the crews of the spar deck guns other men stationed alofl were provided with haul grenades sm ill explosive shells which they threw upon the deck ofthe hostile vessel the light mitrailleuse now used on men-of-war is a i far more formidable means of offense than either single rifles or grenades aud in fact it renders impossible the working of exposed gans on any craft within the ran-'eof the hail of bullets whieh it pro our engraving from the london illus trated xews presents in american gat ling gnu as arranged for use in the main top ol a ibitish man of war a significant example ofthe avidity with which foreign nations adopt the inventions which ori ginate on this side of the atlantic espe j cially when tiie same are of superior val j ue for war purposes the gun as here de i picted consists ofa number of gun barrels which may be as many as ten fixed around tlie main shaft which isalso combined with iv grooved carrier to hold the cartridges dropped into it one by one : and with u cylinder in which are cul slots for as many gun locks as then are barrels to be fired the whole of the above apparatus is raised or lowered or moved tothe rig'it or left by working a handle at the side there isa drum fixed on the top,contain ing 350 cartridges set in rows : this is s > arranged as to be the feeder by dropping j the cartridges in succession boo tie ear ; rier from which they are shifted by lock â– action into the gun barrels successively ! brought round with each revolution of the cylinder the eulibci of theguu bar rels is 0-4 inch : they can be charged aud tired with great rapidity discharging five or sis shots in a socju i - scientific amci ,; can a cubic milk of humanity a fanciful gnnins suggests that ir i ; now time to celebrate the completion of the tirst cubic mile of humanity and g a calculation to show that the bodies of all-mankind from th first adaindownto the adams just born if closely packed without diminution of vol line would ex actly fill that spa.e 1 b-re are his figures j which our mathematicians who have nothing else to do may verify if they can : according to the orthodox chrou 1 has been inhabit 1 about g,00fl years oi 1/0 generations its present population is about fifteen hundred millions but \ this density ol mpuhitirin must have â– been slowly reached since all are de scended-from nu original pair coi qncitth e takes half the iinmih-r mt um [ i sent seven hundred and fifty millions as the avera e population orld ' from the beginning until now . n .. ate human bodies during the 17 i generations 1 2tÂ»,500 millions die in iutancy aud half are women the average weight of each body i takeu as seventy four pounds the aggregate wi ofall mankind to date must accordii be j millii ii ; â€¢: s or a little more i the weight ofa cubic i tile ol since the human body with the i not inflated : s a tride heavier thau . water our calculator assumes iba his es timated 4,212 million tons ot humauity would fill the same space as 1,205 milliou tons of sea water or precisely one cnbi mile taking thr same figures ;::: 1 exercising the same freedom in i riking averages the mathematically inclined may deduce any number of amusing res il s por in ; stance assuming the average length of humanity to be a little uuder four . the bodies of all mankind liviug and dead placed end to end would just make a bridge from tiie earth to the sun ! scii ntijic ami â– ican ' new mode of warming rail road cars an experiaieut was lately m uie by ihe new york elevated railroad company ! in the use ofa newly invented apparatus ! for heating a train of cars by the sai plus steam from a locomotive and satisfactory i results were obtained the apparatus consists of a chain of pipes extending through the cars on each side connected between the cars aud the locomotive by an clastic hose wound to prevent condensation and with couplings similar to those used for the car brakes the dome or some convenient steam main on the locomotive is tapped for a small pipe in which is a valve by which the engineer or fireman cau control the heat in the ears under the ear body are two expansion valves to allow vent for the air when steam is first turned on and also to allow the cold water of condensa tion to be freed from the pipes and to prevent freezing the pipes inside the cars are inclosed within other aud thin ner pipes and the space between the two is packed with tine dried saml the heat from the ho steam pipes is imparted to the and which radiates it through the thin outer pipe ]',;. this means the heat of 330 which is imparted io the inner pipe is given oil so gradually j as to keep the cars comfortable heated lor two hours so that by charging the ap j paratns before the train starts and from j time to time throwing into il the surplus ; steam which would otherwise have to be blown off and wasted the necessity for stoves is obviated as well as the dangi r of tin iu ease of ar idem it isalso claim : ed that the proper ventilation of the ears : is rendered easier hy this proci -- than by the use of stoves scientific american improved propaua'j 'â– n by cuttings i'eter henderson described last winter â– in the agriculturist an improvi ! mo ie hi was tin n using for i he pi opagation of ger aniums liis object was in the first ; to avoid thei shaustionof the pai nl pi by the removal of cut tiugs abruptly ; and secondly to make sure work he takes the young shoo which is to be used as a cut ting ami snaps il shorl leaving il i ing by a mall portion of the hark th s shred is sutiicieiit to sustain the cutting without any material injury from will until it forms a callus which precedes the ;' a inal ion of root . kdentou harbor 4,000 among the liv | ers sec ordered to be surveyed are the yadkin river north carolina dan river i from clarksville rio dauville y to j i lanbury n c trent and chowan ri no th 'â– arolina neuse rivei fi .â– . . . ti id to . loblsb io a id the tai : ivei from washington to tarboro n c ral ob rm a british man-of-war capsizes li '' '''''â€¢â€¢' â€¢â€¢'--' thia timr artended * ith a of lire is mi added to the long ii-t of eaa - which during th last ;â– v ;., >.. : ,â€ž ,â€ž,,.,. bri i-ht y ilie rieini-.g shin ihnydie . a wooden vessel ofsai tons wa on march 24 struck by a squall offthelsw of wight and almosl immediately cnpsiceÂ«laii4ntdil carrying down with he soon 100 sailers nothing but the g â– â€¢..; niÂ«iÂ«ssiifel and bad -. iiiirinship can a-.-omu tor a dis ast : " ; â– " w kind a mmitnr ivte e*cur red to the ii ptniri it will be re membered sow . : but thai was directly at to her low tree-bo-.ird ud oth :\ ute fii dry consul lr 'â€¢ n ami i-el lleÂ«j â€¢;. â– ;â€¢ pu-l .,.; . s | .,.., j j ,.-.,,_. h.st -. ith her - ii'iim ves wenal but discred : naming of the vanguard hy thi h m d . or snn dry other events whieh l ml - tl â– . â– more in m d of protectir .; i ;,, leu the enemii - tin .., . ie ! ' â– ty it in more res â€¢ . our lives . , ; and our - domestic inl a se more n fined i all menus plant some little thing ol prar i to temper the i nggi i surroundings i froul yard its silent tho igh . lo pteut language v ill spi ak to the \ : assi i by a word of i yon tl o has fiowei or shrub ivill :..â– some attrac tion : a em Â» i twecn trees t " tbe . ,;..,.* shells with the i jover 1 , thr oi the i.:l ol fern and all li : . iv and foi pleasing object foi : ie i ye ol even tho mosi indift'ei ..: ral â€¢/. wc#i â€¢ iiamp n in a - \ iewei through nok i hern i'l vs.skrf oath w : iting from charleston s carolina to the imiiladelphia limes says 1 did uot si . ;; ilrnnki ;; person in char leston the negroes who swarmed the principal streets t years ago are uo longer au impediment bul the animated time of day is at the pi ging and dismis sal of school when black and white chil dren hurry on w ith their books ; the whole rising generation - cms to be leaning about one-third of the police are negror â– even under conservative rule the labor ofthe state has nf its own motion settled down to contract wade hampton has almost universal honor and confidence ami the scurvy elements iu edgohi id and elsewhere gel no countenance in belittling him lie will be the next governor nf the state if his life is spared and le pn sents a model to aspiring southern states men of how mildness honor faith and loyalty invariably triumph over sulleu nr-ss severity and selfishness the ed .Â« - field district is almost without respect in south carolina and at the mention of it the average native gives a smile of pity s.iid one stump . ton before the v ar : when fl i di \ i took the lord in to the in iitntain he said all that i <> t s e i will give vou to win liip me ex cept edg field ! th it mine i i rau'l 1 â– â€¢: edgi field :_ r e . : on k '.- li id bul it i â– only in i ended i â€¢ appl . to the n publican i ticiau ol ' - i'ni w . '. : . ' iu â€¢ . '. t.ii !- first learn to be â– .' iu i dan fitter , obedient kind and gentle to un parents kind lhougli)*'fcil to youi brother for in you in should iiml a c mi foi tin .'. â€¢â– uirita ble i'orgi . . * â– . > iipanion your s mp open as l he day and as . '. i i â€¢ i . '-. - i - - ter's i ici iml one it ish â– . â–º . . â– . ;- dom > ways to : -- re v ihe . - ie hoin u . i â€¢ every siste mi ilitate o he is and she ought to be : on her o.lic . her duty , her ph .; .- ire hei life foi i mod el and set an example of i.;,i patienr-o and ; re to be i lie smile and lighl of home ai il â– â€¢ hi i you en cr youi second home as i m ner to om pi om ised to io i word of advice m make y our hoe â€¢ i fi i ml - i â– a rei tain lit i ... i curb i am by her bi fell d f no . . â€¢ . lord i bh - .. ither 1 oui he lies hi -' lis he â– '. â€¢â– i .. al 1 >, j -. dr us . . i'cardiei â– read ing aud l^whe sailed down the j - , and cairicd il with tin m the length ol the string then thev sud denly drop tl out once look to nick it up a ihuscal who m i led a i uby hain il a y < a ago i i-i mned to his mol her for a visit on sunday au ! sin il o.en i that â– â€¢! become balrl hi ided h ' sover said 1 ion poil t is v hei â– â– man hiv-i aif :. hei | i *! ."