The research service focuses on technology breakthroughs in gas sequestration with the aim to enlighten corporate players and other stakeholders with on-going research activities and trends. The Gas Sequestration business has gained focus and momentum in recent years mainly due to the increase in the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere which leads to the climate change. This research service summarizes the key technology trends and funding scenario in the gas sequestration field.

Research Snapshot and Scope

Gas sequestration is currently emerging as an alarming need of the hour across the world because of substantial increase in the level of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases. Numerous efforts have been undertaken for sequestration of these gases for improving quality of life. This research service titled, “Technological Breakthroughs In Gas Sequestration” is focused on capturing the key technology breakthroughs in gas sequestration with the aim to enlighten corporate participants and other stakeholders with on-going research activities and trends. This research service includes holistic analysis of R&D networks, investment climate, and key technology areas that are suitable for investments. In addition, environmental factors affecting R&D efforts and regulatory scenario in this space are also analysed. This study primarily focuses on CO2 sequestration as it accounts for aroundX% of the global green house gas emissions.

Essentially, this research service provides:• A brief snapshot of existing R&D networks and the R&D focus of various industry participants.• An overview of key drivers and challenges of the industry.• An overview of the investment climate in CO2 sequestration sector.• An overview of the technologies available for licensing.• A brief snapshot of R&D efforts of key stakeholders, funding and investment portfolio.• Strategic recommendations for technology investors.• A brief snapshot of the key patents in this space.

1. Currently carbon dioxide (CO2) accounts forX% of the global green house gas emissions. Managing greenhouse gas emissions is an important issue for various industries, which generates CO2. Carbon capture and storage is a key part of managing emissions of greenhouse gases with environmental regulations and fuel scarcity, the main driving factors for carbon capture and storage technologies. CCS technologies are mature for natural gas processing, but large projects in other industries, particularly power generation, are yet to be proved economical.2. Innovative technologies for gas sequestration have emerged from collaboration between different entities, such as universities, government and private organizations that have licensing power. Several industrial activities, such as joint ventures and mergers and acquisitions have been identified, which could benefit both partners in reducing carbon footprint and revenue generation. Reducing the cost of capture process is the main R&D focus area for stakeholders working in carbon capture sector while monitoring of stored CO2 is the main focus area of stakeholders working in storage field.3. Commercialization efforts of CCS are mainly focused upon efficient and large point source capture technologies, such as pre-combustion, post-combustion, and oxyfuel combustion capture. Also, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) has already gained commercial importance. Presently the cost of CCS technologies is high. The CCS costs are expected to decrease over time as more innovations and improvements are made, particularly for immature technologies. Also, the amount of funding needed for each project is appreciably higher.4. The most preferred form of technology investment for stakeholders are strategic R&D partnerships and joint ventures. This allows both parties a sufficient degree of control over the technology platform and enables smooth development of commercial carbon capture and storage CCS technologies.

Technology Snapshot

Gas sequestration is the process of capture and long-term storage of green house gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane. Gas Sequestration is driven by industry and government urgency to preserve coal as part of the global power generation mix. With rise in greenhouse gases emissions across the globe, carbon sequestration is poised for significant growth over the next two decades.

Technology Snapshot—Gas Sequestration

Out of the major green house gases, carbon dioxide and methane emissions are more than X% of total gas emissions

Carbon Dioxide• Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary greenhouse gas emitted through human activities.• The combustion of fossil fuels to generate electricity is the largest single source of CO2 emissions in the nation, accounting for about X % of total CO2 emissions.

Methane• Methane (CH4) is the primary component of natural gas. It is also a potent and abundant greenhouse gas (GHG), which makes it a significant contributor to climate change, especially in the next 10 to 15 years).• Methane accounts for X% of the total global emissions

CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has reached to X ppm (parts per million) as compared to pre-industrial levels of X ppm. This elevated level of CO2concentration enhances the greenhouse effect, leading to global warming. This rise in temperature causes climatic changes and affects the environment.=> Alarming need for CO2 Sequestration

CO2 Sequestration—Technology Capability

LimitationsCurrent state-of-the-art CCS(carbon capture and storage) technologies may be used for initial mitigation of greenhouse gases emissions, but in the long-term—low cost solutions to meet the growing demand for energy will be required, not only to meet environmental standards, but also to increase the standard of living worldwide

Strengths• Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is the only viable option available to substantially reduce process CO2’ emissions for many emission-intensive industries, such as cement, power plants, and oil and gas industries.• CCS dramatically reduce number of stakeholders needed to achieve large emission reduction.

Opportunities• Carbon management and sequestration offers an opportunity for reducing greenhouse gas emissions that can complement the current strategies of improving energy efficiency and increasing the use of non-fossil energy resources.• Biomass energy generation with CCS can potentially produce energy with a negative carbon footprint. This may be the ultimate way to decarbonize the atmosphere in the long run.• Enhanced oil recovery is providing promising option for CO2 sequestration. Injection of CO2 into nearly depleted petroleum reservoirs acts as a solvent that reduces viscosity of oil and allows enhanced oil recovery from the reservoir. Once the field is depleted, it can be utilized to permanently store additional CO2.

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