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http://www.tharjuma.com te;jdu; vd;Wk; kf;fhtpy; md;id `h[u; FbNawp> [k;[k; fpzW Njhd;wpaTld; jhq;fs; trpj;J te;j gs;sj;jhf;Ffis tpl;L ntspNawp kf;fhtpy; FbNawpdu;" vd;Wk; $Wfpwhu;fs;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp) Location and Nature of Arab Tribes Beyond a shadow of doubt, the biography of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) manifestedly represents an exhaustive embodiment of the sublime Divine Message that he communicated in order to deliver the human race from the swamp of darkness and polytheism to the paradise of light and monotheism. An image, authentic as well as comprehensive, of this Message is therefore only attainable through careful study and profound analysis of both backgrounds and issues of such a biography. In view of this, a whole chapter is here introduced about the nature and development of Arab tribes prior to Islam as well as the circumstantial environment that enwrapped the Prophets mission. Linguistically, the word "Arab" means deserts and waste barren land well-nigh waterless and treeless. Ever since the dawn of history, the Arabian Peninsula and its people have been called as such. Arab Tribes Arab kinfolks have been divided according to lineage into three groups:1. Perishing Arabs: The ancient Arabs, of whose history little is known, and of whom were ‘Ad, Thamûd, Tasam, Jadis, Emlaq, and others.2. Pure Arabs: Who originated from the progeny of Ya‘rub bin Yashjub bin Qahtan. They were also called Qahtanian Arabs.3. Arabized Arabs: Who originated from the progeny of Ishmael. They were also called ‘Adnanian Arabs.a. Himyar: The most famous of whose septs were Zaid Al-Jamhur, Quda‘a and Sakasic.b. Kahlan: The most famous of whose septs were Hamdan, Anmar, Tai’, Mudhhij, Kinda, Lakhm, Judham, Azd, Aws, Khazraj and the descendants of Jafna — the kings of old Syria. The Arabized Arabs go back in ancestry to their great grandfather Abraham [AWS] from a town called "Ar" near Kufa on the west bank of the Euphrates in Iraq. Excavations brought to light great details of the town, Abraham’s family, and the prevalent religions and social circumstances. [Tafheem-ul-Quran, 1/553] It is known that Abraham [AWS] left Ar for Harran and then for Palestine, which he made headquarters for his Message. He wandered all over the area. When he went to Egypt, the Pharaoh tried to do evil to his wife Sarah, but Allâh saved her and the Pharaoh’s wicked scheme recoiled on him. He thus came to realize her strong attachment to Allâh, and, in acknowledgment of her grace, the Pharaoh rendered his daughter Hagar at Sarah’s service, but Sarah gave Hagar to Abraham as a wife. [Bukhari 1/474] Page 4 of 5