The aim of this paper is to examine history and current issues of science communication, particularly focusing on discussions related to domestic and international science and technology policies. In this paper, I reviewed historical contexts of science communication in Japan, UK, and so on. I examined current discussions of science communication and science and technology policy, focusing on an emergent concept “Responsible Research and Innovation（RRI）” . RRI is one of the hot keywords in European science policy Horizon 2020, and it is expected that RRI will be introduce and implemented into Japanese science and technology policies hereafter. In addition, this paper will point out that there are structural issues of evaluation system concerning science communication activities in Japanese science policies. Author anticipated that these discussions can contribute to sustainable communication activities between experts and the society.