The overall goal of this work is to demonstrate how resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals may be used to objectively parcellate functionally heterogeneous subregions of the human amygdala into structures characterized by similar patterns of functional connectivity. We hypothesize that similarity of functional connectivity of subregions with ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the new DXA VAT method on an Asian Chinese population by comparing to a reference method, computed tomography (CT). DESIGN AND METHODS: In total, 145 adult men and women volunteers, representing a wide range of ages (19 to 83 years) and BMI values (18.5 to 39.3 kg/m(2) ...

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed whether the subjective experience of patients with schizophrenia improved after switching from an oral antipsychotic to flexibly-dosed paliperidone extended-release. METHODS: We conducted a 24-week, multicenter, non-comparative, open-label trial. A total of 387 patients with schizophrenia participated the study. The primary study outcome was the change in ...

The input of phosphorus (P) through atmospheric deposition can be a major source of P to fresh water bodies, and may strongly affect their biogeochemistry. In Lake Kinneret (LK), northern Israel, dust deposition provides a significant fraction of the bio-available P input. Here we demonstrate that the oxygen isotopic composition ...

Pseudo-progression (PsP) refers to the paradoxical increase of contrast enhancement within 12 weeks of chemo-radiation therapy in gliomas attributable to treatment effects rather than early tumor progression (ETP). This study was performed to evaluate the utility of morphologic imaging features, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and radiation dosimetric analysis of magnetic resonance ...

This review, compiled for celebrating the decennial of the series of issues of Electrophoresis on bioanalysis, does not cover much heri (yesterday in Latin), since this was extensively described by my previous review Electrophoresis 2004, 25, 2111-2127, nor, for that matter cras (tomorrow, in Latin) since making predictions on future ...

The review gives an update about the methodological and instrumental developments in micellar electrokinetic chromatography as a type of capillary electrophoresis analytical technique. Here, the last two years development of the technique are particularly presented. Recent approaches to improve sensitivity are discussed. Newly introduced concentration techniques and experimental methods for ...

Single and large-area aligned crystalline microribbons of 6,13-dichloropentacene (DCP) are prepared. The ribbons display excellent charge transport properties with a mobility of up to 9.0 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) in ambient conditions, one of the highest values reported for organic semiconductors. The slipped π-π stacking with large intermolecular overlap is responsible ...

The treatment of melanoma, the most aggressive form of skin cancer, is being revolutionized by the development of personalized targeted therapy approaches. Mutant-selective BRAF inhibitors and MEK inhibitors have demonstrated impressive clinical results in molecularly selected patients. However, emerging understanding of the molecular heterogeneity of this disease and the identification ...

Molecular systems that can be remotely controlled by light are gaining increasing importance in cell biology, physiology, and neurosciences because of the spatial and temporal precision that is achievable with laser microscopy. Two-photon excitation has significant advantages deep in biological tissues, but raises problems in the design of "smart" probes ...

Difunctionalization: Inexpensive and environmentally benign FeCl(3) catalyzes the oxidative 1,2-alkylarylation of activated alkenes with an aryl C(sp(2) )H bond and a C(sp(3) )H bond adjacent to a heteroatom. This reaction is a new strategy for the synthesis of oxindoles and makes use of DBU as ligand and TBHP as oxidant ...

Using charge modulated electroabsorption spectroscopy (CMEAS), for the first time, the energy level alignment of a polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cell is directly measured. The charge-transfer excitons generated by the sub-bandgap optical pumping are coupled with the modulating electric field and introduce subtle changes in optical absorption in the sub-bandgap ...

Large-conductance Ca(2+) -activated K(+) channels (BK(C) (a) ), located on the vascular smooth muscle, play an important role in regulation of vascular tone. In penile corpus cavernosum tissue, opening of BK(C) (a) channels leads to relaxation of corporal smooth muscle which is essential during erection; however, there is little information ...

There are two major classes of neurons in nervous systems: projection neurons and interneurons. During Drosophila nervous system development, a subpopulation of individual stem/progenitor cells gives rise to both motor neurons and interneurons. However, it remains unknown whether individual stem/progenitor cells in the mammalian brain also have the potential to ...

In this paper, the anti-depressant effects of Acanthopanax senticosus extract (ASE) were studied using animal models of depression including the forced swimming and tail suspension tests. The anti-depressive mechanism of ASE was explored by monitoring the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters including 5-hydroxytrylamine (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DA), as well ...

OBJECTIVE: With the dramatic changes in Chinese society and economy, the average depressive symptoms of Chinese older adults might have changed across their birth cohort. This study aims to examine the changes in the depressive symptoms of Chinese older adults by analyzing data from 1987 to 2010. METHODS: The study ...

Climbing the cucurbit ladder: Cucurbit[6]uril dimers (connected gray cylinders; see scheme) were prepared by condensation of glycoluril hexamer with the appropriate tetraaldehydes. The self-assembly process between these dimers and oligoviologen compounds (blue) in water leads to a supramolecular ladder with the dimensions and molecular weight typical of small proteins.

A catalyst free approach for nitrogen oxides (NO(x)) removal has been developed at the United States Naval Research Laboratory. Our goals were to assess the ability of pulsed electron beam to enhance NO(x) removal at potential lower capital cost with greater efficiency than other large scale NO(x) removal methods. Removal ...

Environment-friendly management of fruit flies involving pheromones is useful in reducing the undesirable pest populations responsible for decreasing the yield and the crop quality. A nanogel has been prepared from a pheromone, methyl eugenol (ME) using a low-molecular mass gelator. This was very stable at open ambient conditions and slowed ...

Identification and confirmation of bioactive small-molecule targets is a crucial, often decisive step both in academic and pharmaceutical research. Through the development and availability of several new experimental techniques, target identification is, in principle, feasible, and the number of successful examples steadily grows. However, a generic methodology that can successfully ...

The inherently high magnetic anisotropy and nanoscale grain size in a Sm(5)Co(19) compound result in an intrinsic coercivity far higher than those of known Sm-Co compounds prior to orientation treatment. The combination of ultrahigh intrinsic coercivity, high Curie temperature and low coercivity temperature coefficient of nanocrystalline Sm(5)Co(19) as a single ...

Analytical platforms that characterize charge heterogeneity in therapeutic proteins, such as mAbs, are important tools that can be used to define quality attributes. CZE separates protein moieties close to their native state and is a valuable physicochemical analytical method that can be used in parallel with other orthogonal methods for ...

Infestations by lice can be a significant clinical and welfare issue in the management of large animals. The limited range of commercial pediculicides available and the development of resistance have led to the need to explore alternative louse management approaches. The results of in vitro and in vivo trials undertaken ...

Abstract Objective: Family-Centered Care (FCC), which includes involving parents in conversations about medical management, is increasingly employed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Our aim was to determine which care decisions are discussed by neonatologists with families most frequently and the percentage of clinicians influenced by such conversations. Methods: ...

This Article uses physical-organic studies on well-defined oligomers to establish design principles for creating aromatic poly(carbamates) that depolymerize from head-to-tail in low dielectric constant environments when exposed to specific applied signals. We show that either increasing electron density or decreasing the aromaticity of aromatic repeating units in poly(carbamates) increase the ...

We present the efficient synthesis of a new molecular spoked-wheel structure (MSW-3). Two derivatives with diameters of approximately 4 nm have been prepared. By highlighting the importance of pseudo-high-dilution conditions during cyclization, we were able to access the compounds on a several hundred milligram scale. In addition to the standard characterization ...

The N-alkylation of amines or ammonia with alcohols is a valuable route for the synthesis of N-alkyl amines. However, as a potentially clean and economic choice for N-alkyl amine synthesis, non-noble metal catalysts with high activity and good selectivity are rarely reported. Normally, they are severely limited due to low ...

Pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for regenerative medicine, due to their unlimited self-renewal potential and the ability to differentiate into all somatic cell types. Differences between the rodent disease models and the situation in humans can be narrowed down with non-human primate models. The common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) ...

AIMS: Dystrophic neurites are associated with β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and are also found in some specific areas of normal, aged brains. This study assessed the molecular characteristics of dystrophic neurites in normal ageing and its difference from AD. METHODS: We compared the ...

A clear link between the hydrocarbon and borohydride chemistries is established by showing that hydrocarbons and borohydrides have a common root regulated by the number of valence electrons in a confined space. Application of the proposed method to archetypal hydrocarbons leads to well-known borohydrides but, more importantly, it allows the ...

The charge collection efficiency is one of the most critical parameters of photovoltaic devices. In this paper we provide the analysis and comparison between several approaches for the calculation of the collection efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells. In addition, we point out that although it is reasonable to correlate transit ...

Carbon is a girl's best friend: Carbon-based nanowires have been produced during thermal annealing of diamantane-4,9-dicarboxylic acid in carbon nanotubes under hydrogen atmosphere. HR-TEM images, Raman spectra, and structural transformations observed under an intense electron beam suggest that the as-produced carbon-based nanowires are sp(3) diamond nanowires, consistent with our computational ...

Theoretical-computational modeling with an eye to explaining experimental observations in regard to a particular chemical phenomenon or process requires choices concerning essential degrees of freedom and types of interactions and the generation of a Boltzmann ensemble or trajectories of configurations. Depending on the degrees of freedom that are essential to ...

Personality and emotional factors are supposed to influence the course of skin diseases, such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Few reports exist, however, showing distinct personality traits among patients with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis patients and healthy controls. The aim of the present study was to examine personality differences among psoriasis ...

BACKGROUND: Pneumococcal disease, especially in its invasive form, is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, with the advent of vaccination, invasive disease is potentially avoidable. This study aimed to assess the documentation of pneumococcal vaccination status in elderly patients by healthcare professionals in a busy teaching hospital ...

A cationic conjugated polyelectrolyte was designed and synthesized based on poly(fluorene-co-phenylene) containing 5 mol% benzothiadiazole (BT) as a low energy trap and 15-crown-5 as a recognizing group for potassium ions. A potassium ion can form a sandwich-type 2:1 Lewis acid-based complex with 15-crown-5, to cause the intermolecular aggregation of polymers. ...

To investigate the effects of different habitats and plant growth status on abundance, biomass and community structure of epiphytic microbes, Potamogeton malaianus Miq. at two different habitats (Gonghu Bay and East Taihu) in Lake Taihu were collected in June, August and November (corresponding to the period of development of submerged ...

For the synthesis of (-)-diversonol (ent-1), an enantioselective domino-Wacker/carbonylation/methoxylation reaction and an enantioselective Wacker oxidation were used to give the chroman in high yield and 96 % and 93 % ee, respectively. Dihydroxylation at the vinyl moiety using the Sharpless procedure and a Wittig-Horner reaction followed by hydrogenation, benzylic oxidation, and an intramolecular ...

Triple play: The title reaction of an alkyl methyl ketone and two aldehydes using chiral (S)-binapo as a Lewis base catalyst allows access to 1,5-dihydroxy-3-pentanone derivatives with multiple chiral centers in good yields with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities in a single operation.

Sinaloa state accounts for 23% of Mexico's tomato production. One constraint on this important crop is the Fusarium crown and root rot, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, which has been reported to reduce crop yield by up to 50%. In this study, we set out to identify bacterial ...

Advances in lab-on-a-chip technologies enabled programmable, reconfigurable, and scalable manipulation of a variety of laboratory procedures. Samples, reagents, and fluids can be precisely controlled; buffer temperature, pH, and concentration control systems as well as a variety of detection systems can be integrated on a small chip. These advantages have attracted ...

Big and small, short and tall: Nanoparticles (NPs) coated with pH-sensitive polymers underwent reversible chain growth as a result of varying electrostatic interparticle repulsion as determined by the pH value. Tuning of the pH value also enabled the coupling of differently sized NPs to form linear composite chains reminiscent of ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Despite the increasing understanding of the mechanisms relating to weight loss and maintenance, there are currently no validated public health interventions that are able to achieve sustained long-term weight loss or to stem the increasing prevalence of obesity in the population. We aimed to examine the models of ...

In order determine whether formate is a reaction intermediate of the direct pathway for formic acid oxidation at a Pt electrode, formic acid (HCOOH) oxidation at a Pt(111) electrode has been studied by normal and fast scan voltammetry in 0.1 M HClO(4) solutions with different HCOOH concentrations. The relationship between ...