In January 2016, Ronan was included on the Forbes '30 Under 30' list, in both the European and USA editions;[6] in March 2016, Ronan made her Broadway debut in a revival of The Crucible, in the role of Abigail Williams, for which she received much acclaim.[7] She appeared on the cover of Time magazine in June 2016, one of ten young leaders selected as 'Next Generation Leaders'.[8]

Born in The Bronx, in New York City,[9] Ronan is the only child of Irish parents Monica (née Brennan) and Paul Ronan, who both hail from Dublin. Her father is also an actor, and her mother had acted as a child.[10] Ronan's family moved to Dublin, Ireland when she was three years old, later settling in Carlow, Ireland. Ronan moved to Howth, Dublin with her parents in her early teens.[11][12]

Ronan's next film was Amy Heckerling's often-delayed romantic comedyI Could Never Be Your Woman (2007). Initially shot in 2005 in Los Angeles and London, the film went straight-to-DVD after it had struggled to attract financing and several deals disintegrated during its post-production in spite of its $25 million budget.[19] In the film, Ronan portrayed the character of Izzie Grossman, the pubescent daughter of a television show screenwriter, played by Michelle Pfeiffer, who falls for a younger man (Paul Rudd), while Izzie falls in love for the first time herself. Upon its release, the independent project garnered generally lukewarm reviews, with Joe Leydon of Variety summing it as "a desperately unfunny mix of tepid showbiz satire and formulaic romantic comedy".[20]

In 2011, Ronan starred as the title character in the action thrillerHanna about a 15-year-old girl who has been brought up in the Arctic wilderness to be the perfect assassin.[35] Co-starring Cate Blanchett and Eric Bana, the film marked her reunion with Atonement director Joe Wright, who was consulted after Ronan prompted the producers to consider him.[36] Driven by prominent dark fairy tale elements,[37]Hanna earned generally positive reviews by critics,[38] while Ronan garnered acclaim for her performance, winning her a PFCS Award[39] and another IFTA Award.[37] In his review for Rolling Stone, Peter Travers called Ronan an "acting sorceress."[40] In November 2011, Ronan took part in a promotion for the Irish Film Institute's Archive Preservation Fund, in which she was digitally edited into popular Irish films of the past, as well as documentary footage;[41] in that same month, Ronan was announced as an ambassador for the Irish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children.[42] Also in 2011, Ronan was cast in the title role for Hiromasa Yonebayashi's Arrietty's United Kingdom release.[43] Later that year, she was in talks to play the woodland elf Itaril in Peter Jackson's The Hobbit film series but eventually withdrew,[44] citing scheduling issues.[45][46] The character was never recast and does not appear in the Hobbit films.

She was in talks to play Kitty in Joe Wright's Anna Karenina in 2012 but dropped out due to scheduling conflicts.[47] Ronan's next film was Andrew Niccol's film adaptation of Stephenie Meyer's novel The Host in which she plays the dual main characters of Wanderer and Melanie Stryder, a human rebel who was captured and implanted with a parasitic alien soul.[48] The film debuted in March 2013 and was generally panned by critics, who called it "poorly scripted and dramatically ineffective".[49] Also in 2013, Ronan starred in director Neil Jordan's vampire film Byzantium, an adaptation of the play of the same name,[50] and in Geoffrey S. Fletcher's directorial debut Violet & Daisy, where she again played a teen assassin.[51]

Brooklyn (film)
–
Brooklyn is a 2015 British-Canadian-Irish romantic drama film directed by John Crowley and written by Nick Hornby, based on Colm Tóibíns 2009 novel of the same name. The film stars Saoirse Ronan, Emory Cohen, Domhnall Gleeson, Jim Broadbent, set in 1951 and 1952, the film tells the story of a young Irish womans immigration to Brooklyn, where she fa

1.
Theatrical release poster

2015 Toronto International Film Festival
–
The 40th annual Toronto International Film Festival was held from 10 to 20 September 2015. On 28 July 2015 the first wave of films to be screened at the Festival was announced, jean-Marc Vallées Demolition starring Jake Gyllenhaal and Naomi Watts was the opening night film, Mr. Right by Paco Cabezas was the closing night film. The years edition inc

1.
Festival poster

The Bronx
–
The Bronx is the northernmost of the five boroughs of New York City, within the U. S. state of New York. Since 1914, the Bronx has had the boundaries as Bronx County, a county of New York. The Bronx is divided by the Bronx River into a section in the west, closer to Manhattan. East and west street addresses are divided by Jerome Avenue—the continua

New York (state)
–
New York is a state in the northeastern United States, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated U. S. state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is

Manhattan
–
Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and the citys historical birthplace. The borough is coextensive with New York County, founded on November 1,1683, Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Many mu

Dublin
–
Dublin is the capital and largest city of Ireland. Dublin is in the province of Leinster on Irelands east coast, the city has an urban area population of 1,345,402. The population of the Greater Dublin Area, as of 2016, was 1,904,806 people, founded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Irelands principal city following the Norman in

4.
Henrietta Street, developed in the 1720s, is the earliest Georgian Street in Dublin.

Irish people
–
The Irish people are a nation and ethnic group native to the island of Ireland, who share a common Irish ancestry, identity and culture. Ireland has been inhabited for about 9,000 years according to archaeological studies, for most of Irelands recorded history, the Irish have been primarily a Gaelic people. Today, Ireland is made up of the Republic

Americans
–
Americans are citizens of the United States of America. The country is home to people of different national origins. As a result, Americans do not equate their nationality with ethnicity, although citizens make up the majority of Americans, non-citizen residents, dual citizens, and expatriates may also claim an American identity. See Names for Unit

Academy Award
–
The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first

Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
–
The Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered a performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry. At the 9th Academy Awards ceremony held in 1937, Gale Sondergaard was the first winner of awa

Atonement (film)
–
Atonement is a 2007 British romantic drama war film directed by Joe Wright and based on Ian McEwans 2001 novel of the same name. The film stars James McAvoy, Keira Knightley, Saoirse Ronan, Romola Garai and it was produced by Working Title Films and filmed in England. Distributed in most of the world by Universal Studios, it was released in the Uni

1.
UK release poster

2.
Original film set, August 2006; Redcar 's beach was the site of the Dunkirk beach sequence and stood in for Bray-Dunes

4.
Keira Knightley attending the première of Atonement, in Leicester Square, London

Academy Award for Best Actress
–
The Academy Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered a performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Janet Gaynor receiving the award for her roles in 7th

BAFTA Award
–
The British Academy Film Awards are presented in an annual award show hosted by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts to honour the best British and international contributions to film. Between 2008 and 2016, the ceremony was held in central London at the Royal Opera House, the 70th British Academy Film Awards were held on 12 February 201

1.
The BAFTA award, designed by Mitzi Cunliffe

2.
British Academy of Film and Television Arts

Golden Globe
–
Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign. The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented is a part of the film industrys awards season. The 74th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film, the 1st Golde

1.
The Golden Globe statuette

Screen Actors Guild
–
The Screen Actors Guild was an American labor union which represented over 100,000 film and television principal and background performers worldwide. On March 30,2012, the leadership announced that the SAG membership voted to merge with the American Federation of Television. The Screen Actors Guild was associated with the Associated Actors and Arti

1.
The Hollywood Professional Building housed SAG headquarters in the 1940s

2.
Screen Actors Guild

I Could Never Be Your Woman
–
I Could Never Be Your Woman is a 2007 American romantic comedy film directed and written by Amy Heckerling and starring Michelle Pfeiffer and Paul Rudd. The film was released on May 11,2007 in Spain, July 18 in Belgium, September 14 in Brazil, September 20 in Greece, the film was not released theatrically in the United States, instead going direct

1.
Theatrical release poster

City of Ember
–
City of Ember is a 2008 American Science fiction fantasy film based on the 2003 novel The City of Ember by Jeanne DuPrau. It was theatrically released in October 10,2008 by 20th Century Fox, the film received mixed reviews from critics and was a box office flop. This box is entrusted to the mayor of the City of Ember, each mayor, in turn, passes th

1.
Theatrical release poster

The Lovely Bones(film)
–
The Lovely Bones is a 2009 supernatural drama film directed by Peter Jackson and stars Mark Wahlberg, Rachel Weisz, Susan Sarandon, Stanley Tucci, Michael Imperioli, and Saoirse Ronan. Jackson and his producer partners acquired the rights independently and developed a script on their own, principal photography began in October 2007 in New Zealand a

1.
Theatrical release poster

2.
Jackson at 2009 Comic-Con film festival. At the festival Jackson discussed The Lovely Bones and screened a clip from it.

Hanna (film)
–
Hanna is a 2011 action adventure thriller film that contains some prominent fairy tale elements, directed by Joe Wright. The film stars Saoirse Ronan as the character, a girl raised in the wilderness of northern Finland by her father, an ex-CIA operative. Cate Blanchett is a senior CIA agent who tries to track down and eliminate the girl, the sound

1.
Pre-release US poster

The Way Back
–
The Way Back is a 2010 survival drama film directed by Peter Weir, from a screenplay by Weir and Keith Clarke. The film is inspired by The Long Walk, the memoir by former Polish prisoner of war Sławomir Rawicz, the film stars Jim Sturgess, Colin Farrell, Ed Harris, and Saoirse Ronan, with Alexandru Potocean, Sebastian Urzendowsky, Gustaf Skarsgård,

1.
Theatrical release poster

Byzantium (film)
–
Byzantium is a 2012 Irish horror fantasy thriller film directed by Neil Jordan and starring Gemma Arterton, Saoirse Ronan, and Jonny Lee Miller. The story concerns a mother and daughter vampire duo who move into a hotel while hiding out from other vampires. The film premiered at the Irish Film Institute in April 2013 and was released the following

1.
Promotional poster

The Host (2013 film)
–
The Host is a 2013 American romantic science fiction thriller film adapted from Stephenie Meyers novel of the same name. It tells the story of a woman, Melanie, who is captured after the human race has been taken over by parasitic aliens called Souls. After Melanie is infused with a soul called Wanderer, Melanie, written and directed by Andrew Nicc

1.
Theatrical release poster

How I Live Now (film)
–
How I Live Now is a 2013 Canadian-British speculative drama film based on the 2004 novel of the same name by Meg Rosoff. It was directed by Kevin Macdonald and script written by Tony Grisoni, Jeremy Brock, the film stars Saoirse Ronan, Tom Holland, Anna Chancellor, George MacKay and Corey Johnson. It was screened in the Special Presentation section

1.
UK poster

The Grand Budapest Hotel
–
The Grand Budapest Hotel is an 2014 comedy film written and directed by Wes Anderson, from a story by Anderson and Hugo Guinness, inspired by the writings of Stefan Zweig. Featuring an ensemble cast, it stars Ralph Fiennes as a concierge who teams up with one of his employees to prove his innocence after he is framed for murder, the film is an Amer

1.
Theatrical release poster

2.
Palace Bristol Hotel in Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad)

3.
Jelení skok (stag jump) near Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad), with the Hotel Imperial in the background

Forbes (magazine)
–
Forbes is an American business magazine. Published bi-weekly, it features articles on finance, industry, investing. Forbes also reports on related subjects such as technology, communications, science, politics and its headquarters is located in Jersey City, New Jersey. Primary competitors in the business magazine category include Fortune and Bloomb

The Crucible
–
The Crucible is a 1953 play by American playwright Arthur Miller. It is a dramatized and partially fictionalized story of the Salem witch trials took place in the Massachusetts Bay Colony during 1692/93. Miller wrote the play as an allegory for McCarthyism, when the US government ostracized people for being communists, the play was first performed

1.
The Crucible

Abigail Williams (Salem witch trials)
–
Abigail Williams was one of the initial accusers in the Salem Witch Trials of 1692 which led to the arrest and imprisonment of more than 150 accused witches. Abigail and her cousin Betty Parris were the first two accusers in the Salem Witch trials of 1692, Williams was eleven years old at the time and she was living with her uncle Samuel Parris in

Time (magazine)
–
Time is an American weekly news magazine published in New York City. It was founded in 1923 and for decades was dominated by Henry Luce, a European edition is published in London and also covers the Middle East, Africa and, since 2003, Latin America. An Asian edition is based in Hong Kong, the South Pacific edition, which covers Australia, New Zeal

New York City
–
The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for int

4.
Broadway follows the Native American Wickquasgeck Trail through Manhattan.

Carlow
–
Carlow is the county town of County Carlow in Ireland. It is situated in the south-east of Ireland,84 km from Dublin, County Carlow is the second smallest county in Ireland by area, occupying 841 square kilometres. According to the 2016 census there is a population of 56,875 people living in County Carlow, the River Barrow flows through the town, a

1.
Carlow Cathedral

2.
The "Liberty Tree" in the middle of Carlow

3.
West side of Carlow Castle

4.
Town hall

Howth
–
Howth is a village and outer suburb of Dublin, Ireland. The district occupies the part of the peninsula of Howth Head. It is also a parish in the ancient barony of Coolock. Originally just a fishing village, Howth with its surrounding once-rural district is now a busy suburb of Dublin, with a mix of dense residential development. The only neighbour

Proof (2004 TV series)
–
Proof is an Irish television mini-serial co-produced by Subotica for Raidió Teilifís Éireann in Ireland and TV2 in Denmark. Proof had two seasons, the season entitled Proof 2. It received funding from the Irish State Broadcaster RTÉ, Denmarks TV2 and it was filmed on location in Ireland. The first series was directed by Ciaran Donnelly and series t

1.
Opening Credits

Luna Lovegood
–
Dumbledores Army is a fictional student organisation in J. K. It was founded in the book, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. This theory-only approach is widely unpopular among the students, especially those characters like Harry, exams on the subject later in the year. Harry also believes that lack of practical experience makes them vulner

Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)
–
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is a 2007 British-American fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. It is based on the novel of the name by J. K. Rowling. The film, which is the fifth instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Michael Goldenberg and produced by David Heyman, the story follows Ha

1.
British release poster

2.
Filming of aerial and backdrop shots took place at Glen Etive, Scotland.

3.
An advertisement for the film on a London double-decker bus.

4.
David Yates at the premiere of Order of the Phoenix, July 2007. Yates was praised for his transition from television to budget cinema; he had not directed a mainstream picture prior to Order of the Phoenix.

Evanna Lynch
–
Evanna Patricia Lynch is an Irish actress and model. She rose to prominence for her portrayal of Luna Lovegood in the Harry Potter film series, appearing in the last four films and she has made fashion accessories and recorded an audiobook of Foster by Claire Keegan. She has also appeared in photo shoots for magazines and modelled for Katrin Thomas

1.
Evanna Lynch in London in 2009

2.
Lynch in 2011

Casting call
–
The casting process involves a series of auditions before a casting panel, composed of individuals such as the producer, director and/or choreographer. In the early stages of the process, performers often may present prepared audition pieces such as monologues or songs and these audition pieces are usually video taped, attached with resumes, and he

Joe Wright
–
His most recent film, Pan, is a Peter Pan origin story. Darkest Hour, Wrights political drama about Winston Churchill, will be released in 2017, Wright was born on 25 August 1972 in London, where his parents, John and Lyndie, founded the Little Angel Theatre, a puppet theatre in Islington. Wright always had an interest in the arts, especially paint

1.
Wright at 2015 Comic-Con International

Ian McEwan
–
Ian Russell McEwan CBE FRSA FRSL is an English novelist and screenwriter. McEwan began his career writing sparse, Gothic short stories, the Cement Garden and The Comfort of Strangers were his first two novels, and earned him the nickname Ian Macabre. These were followed by three novels of some success in the 1980s and early 1990s and his work Endur

1.
Ian McEwan in Paris, 2011

2.
Ian McEwan

Atonement (novel)
–
Atonement is a 2001 British metafiction novel written by Ian McEwan concerning the understanding and responding to the need for personal atonement. Widely regarded as one of McEwans best works, it was shortlisted for the 2001 Booker Prize for fiction, in 2010, TIME magazine named Atonement in its list of the 100 greatest English-language novels sin

1.
Atonement cover

Keira Knightley
–
Keira Christina Knightley is an English actress. She began acting as a child on television and made her debut in 1995. She had a role as Sabé in Star Wars, Episode I – The Phantom Menace. In 2014, she was nominated for a Golden Globe, a SAG, a BAFTA Award, in October 2015, Knightley made her Broadway debut in the title role of Thérèse Raquin. Knigh

James McAvoy
–
James McAvoy is a Scottish actor. His notable television work includes the drama show State of Play, the adult comedy-drama Shameless, besides screen acting, McAvoy has performed in several West End productions, receiving three nominations for the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor. He has also done work for animated films including Gnomeo & Jul

The Boston Globe
–
The Boston Globe is an American daily newspaper based in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1872 by Charles H. Taylor, it was held until 1973. The company was acquired in 1993 by The New York Times Company, in 2011, a BostonGlobe. com subscription site was launched. In 2013, the newspaper and websites were purchased by John W. Henry, the Boston Glob

1.
The April 18, 2011 front page of The Boston Globe

2.
Boston Globe headquarters in September 2009

Romantic comedy film
–
Romantic comedy films are films with light-hearted, humorous plotlines, centered on romantic ideals such as that true love is able to surmount most obstacles. One dictionary definition is a movie, play, or television program about a love story that ends happily. Another definition states that its primary distinguishing feature is a plot in which tw

Los Angeles
–
Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county

London
–
London /ˈlʌndən/ is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain and it was founded by the Romans, who named it Londinium. Londons ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its 1. 12-square-mile medieval boundaries. London is a global city

Michelle Pfeiffer
–
Michelle Marie Pfeiffer is an American actress, singer and producer. She began her career in 1978 and had her first starring film role in Grease 2. Her greatest commercial successes include Batman Returns, Dangerous Minds, What Lies Beneath and she received a third Oscar nomination for Love Field. Her other notable roles include The Witches of East

1.
Pfeiffer in 2007

2.
Pfeiffer and her husband, David E. Kelley at the 47th Emmy Awards in 1994

Paul Rudd
–
Paul Stephen Rudd is an American actor, comedian, writer, and producer. He studied theatre at the University of Kansas and the British American Drama Academy, Rudd received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on July 1,2015. Rudd was born in Passaic, New Jersey to a Jewish family and his parents were born in the United Kingdom, his father from Edg

Variety (magazine)
–
Variety is a weekly American entertainment trade magazine and website owned by Penske Media Corporation. The last daily printed edition was put out on March 19,2013, Variety originally reported on theater and vaudeville. Variety has been published since December 16,1905, when it was launched by Sime Silverman as a weekly periodical covering vaudevi

1.
The Variety Building in December 2008.

Death Defying Acts
–
Death Defying Acts is a 2007 British-Australian supernatural romance film, directed by Gillian Armstrong, and starring Guy Pearce and Catherine Zeta-Jones. It concerns an episode in the life of Hungarian-American escapologist Harry Houdini at the height of his career in the 1920s and it was screened in a special presentation at the 2007 Toronto Int

1.
A common theme in thrillers involves innocent victims dealing with deranged adversaries, as seen in Hitchcock's film Rebecca (1940), where Mrs. Danvers tries to persuade Mrs. De Winter to leap to her death.

2.
A common occurrence in thrillers is characters being taken as hostages and with a ransom in need. (Hostages, 1896 painting by Jean-Paul Laurens, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Lyon)

3.
Little Red Riding Hood is an early example of a psychotic stalker story, a common convention in the thriller genre (art by Gustave Doré).

1.
A common theme in thrillers involves innocent victims dealing with deranged adversaries, as seen in Hitchcock's film Rebecca (1940), where Mrs. Danvers tries to persuade Mrs. De Winter to leap to her death.

2.
A common occurrence in thrillers is characters being taken as hostages and with a ransom in need. (Hostages, 1896 painting by Jean-Paul Laurens, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Lyon)

3.
Little Red Riding Hood is an early example of a psychotic stalker story, a common convention in the thriller genre (art by Gustave Doré).

4.
Carrier strike groups would be central players in any major Third World War, although their effectiveness against ballistic missile threats is much debated in military circles. Previous plans for WWIII such as Operation Deep Water and Operation Strikeback have given carrier groups a central role. [citation needed]

1.
Brooklyn (film)
–
Brooklyn is a 2015 British-Canadian-Irish romantic drama film directed by John Crowley and written by Nick Hornby, based on Colm Tóibíns 2009 novel of the same name. The film stars Saoirse Ronan, Emory Cohen, Domhnall Gleeson, Jim Broadbent, set in 1951 and 1952, the film tells the story of a young Irish womans immigration to Brooklyn, where she falls in love. When her past catches up with her she must choose between two countries and the lives that exist within them for her, Brooklyn premiered at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival to critical acclaim. It opened in limited release on 4 November 2015 in the US, the film was nominated for three Academy Awards, Best Picture, Best Actress, and Best Adapted Screenplay, and won the BAFTA Award for Best British Film. In 1951, Eilis Lacey is a woman from Enniscorthy, County Wexford, a small town in southeast Ireland. She is unable to find employment, other than working weekends at a shop run by the spiteful Miss Kelly, nicknamed Nettles Kelly. Her sister writes to Father Flood, an Irish priest in Brooklyn, Eilis leaves Ireland but suffers from seasickness on the voyage and ends up being locked out of the toilet by her cabin neighbours. The woman in the bunk below her, a traveler, helps her, giving her advice. Eilis lives at a Brooklyn boarding house where she dines each night with the landlady and her fellow residents and she has a job at a department store but is shy and quiet when interacting with customers, garnering some criticism from Miss Fortini, her supervisor. Letters from her sister make her homesick, and Father Flood visits her, at a dance she meets a young Italian plumber, Tony Fiorello, who becomes her boyfriend. Over the next year, Eilis begins to more comfortable in New York City. Together, they enjoy dancing, movies, the beach at Coney Island, later Tony shares his familys dream of launching a suburban homebuilding business and having a new home on Long Island. She graduates from her course, doing very well. One day in July 1952, Father Flood informs Eilis that her sister Rose has died suddenly of an undisclosed illness, after a trans-Atlantic phone call reveals her mother is struggling to cope, Eilis returns home for a visit. Tony insists that before she leaves, they get married in a ceremony without telling family or friends. Once Eilis is back in Ireland, everybody seems to be conspiring to keep her from returning to America and her best friend is getting married a week after her scheduled return journey, and her mother has already accepted the invitation on her behalf. She fills in part-time at her sisters old bookkeeping job. She goes on dates with an eligible and well-off bachelor, named Jim Farrell, Eilis starts to feel that she now has a future in Ireland that did not exist when she left, and stops opening the letters she receives from Tony

Brooklyn (film)
–
Theatrical release poster

2.
2015 Toronto International Film Festival
–
The 40th annual Toronto International Film Festival was held from 10 to 20 September 2015. On 28 July 2015 the first wave of films to be screened at the Festival was announced, jean-Marc Vallées Demolition starring Jake Gyllenhaal and Naomi Watts was the opening night film, Mr. Right by Paco Cabezas was the closing night film. The years edition included two new sections called Platform and Primetime, at Platform, twelve films will be screened in front of a jury, with the Best Film winning C$25,000. Film directors Claire Denis, Jia Zhangke, and Agnieszka Holland were selected as the jurors for this section, at Primetime, six high-quality television programs will be presented at public screenings with Question and Answer sessions with show creators. The lineups for the TIFF Docs, Vanguard, Midnight Madness, more than 100 films were added to the festivals programme on 18 August. The new program titled In Conversation replaced the Maverick section, the Festival reported that TIFF2015 had a record high industry attendance, with 5,450 delegates from 80 countries, a 7% increase over 2014. The festivals final awards were announced on 20 September. D, by Barbara Kopple The Music of Strangers, Yo-Yo Ma and the Silk Road Ensemble by Morgan Neville Nasser by Jihan El-Tahri Ninth Floor by Mina Shum Our Last Tango by German Kral P. S. L. Fritz Bauer by Lars Kraume Price of Love by Hermon Hailay Rams by Grímur Hákonarson Schneider vs

2015 Toronto International Film Festival
–
Festival poster

3.
The Bronx
–
The Bronx is the northernmost of the five boroughs of New York City, within the U. S. state of New York. Since 1914, the Bronx has had the boundaries as Bronx County, a county of New York. The Bronx is divided by the Bronx River into a section in the west, closer to Manhattan. East and west street addresses are divided by Jerome Avenue—the continuation of Manhattans Fifth Avenue, the West Bronx was annexed to New York City in 1874, and the areas east of the Bronx River in 1895. Bronx County was separated from New York County in 1914, about a quarter of the Bronxs area is open space, including Woodlawn Cemetery, Van Cortlandt Park, Pelham Bay Park, the New York Botanical Garden, and the Bronx Zoo in the boroughs north and center. These open spaces are situated primarily on land reserved in the late 19th century as urban development progressed north. The name Bronx originated with Jonas Bronck, who established the first settlement in the area as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639, the native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers. This cultural mix has made the Bronx a wellspring of both Latin music and hip hop. The Bronx, particularly the South Bronx, saw a decline in population, livable housing, and the quality of life in the late 1960s. Since then the communities have shown significant redevelopment starting in the late 1980s before picking up pace from the 1990s until today, the Bronx was called Rananchqua by the native Siwanoy band of Lenape, while other Native Americans knew the Bronx as Keskeskeck. It was divided by the Aquahung River, the origin of Jonas Bronck is contested. Some sources claim he was a Swedish born emigrant from Komstad, Norra Ljunga parish in Småland, Sweden, who arrived in New Netherland during the spring of 1639. Bronck became the first recorded European settler in the now known as the Bronx and built a farm named Emmanus close to what today is the corner of Willis Avenue. He leased land from the Dutch West India Company on the neck of the mainland north of the Dutch settlement in Harlem. He eventually accumulated 500 acres between the Harlem River and the Aquahung, which known as Broncks River or the Bronx. Dutch and English settlers referred to the area as Broncks Land, the American poet William Bronk was a descendant of Pieter Bronck, either Jonas Broncks son or his younger brother. More recent research indicates that Pieter was probably Jonas nephew or cousin, the Bronx is referred to with the definite article as The Bronx, both legally and colloquially. The region was named after the Bronx River and first appeared in the Annexed District of The Bronx created in 1874 out of part of Westchester County

4.
New York (state)
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New York is a state in the northeastern United States, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated U. S. state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is the most populous city in the United States, the New York Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. New York City makes up over 40% of the population of New York State, two-thirds of the states population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island. Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th-century Duke of York, the next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester, Yonkers, and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany. New York has a diverse geography and these more mountainous regions are bisected by two major river valleys—the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley, which forms the core of the Erie Canal. Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes Region and straddles Lake Ontario, between the two lakes lies Niagara Falls. The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes, New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York. The first Europeans to arrive were French colonists and Jesuit missionaries who arrived southward from settlements at Montreal for trade, the British annexed the colony from the Dutch in 1664. The borders of the British colony, the Province of New York, were similar to those of the present-day state, New York is home to the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. On April 17,1524 Verrazanno entered New York Bay, by way of the now called the Narrows into the northern bay which he named Santa Margherita. Verrazzano described it as a vast coastline with a delta in which every kind of ship could pass and he adds. This vast sheet of water swarmed with native boats and he landed on the tip of Manhattan and possibly on the furthest point of Long Island. Verrazannos stay was interrupted by a storm which pushed him north towards Marthas Vineyard, in 1540 French traders from New France built a chateau on Castle Island, within present-day Albany, due to flooding, it was abandoned the next year. In 1614, the Dutch under the command of Hendrick Corstiaensen, rebuilt the French chateau, Fort Nassau was the first Dutch settlement in North America, and was located along the Hudson River, also within present-day Albany. The small fort served as a trading post and warehouse, located on the Hudson River flood plain, the rudimentary fort was washed away by flooding in 1617, and abandoned for good after Fort Orange was built nearby in 1623. Henry Hudsons 1609 voyage marked the beginning of European involvement with the area, sailing for the Dutch East India Company and looking for a passage to Asia, he entered the Upper New York Bay on September 11 of that year

5.
Manhattan
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Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and the citys historical birthplace. The borough is coextensive with New York County, founded on November 1,1683, Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough and it is historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626 for 60 guilders which equals US$1062 today. New York County is the United States second-smallest county by land area, on business days, the influx of commuters increases that number to over 3.9 million, or more than 170,000 people per square mile. Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York Citys five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, the City of New York was founded at the southern tip of Manhattan, and the borough houses New York City Hall, the seat of the citys government. The name Manhattan derives from the word Manna-hata, as written in the 1609 logbook of Robert Juet, a 1610 map depicts the name as Manna-hata, twice, on both the west and east sides of the Mauritius River. The word Manhattan has been translated as island of hills from the Lenape language. The United States Postal Service prefers that mail addressed to Manhattan use New York, NY rather than Manhattan, the area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano – sailing in service of King Francis I of France – was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. It was not until the voyage of Henry Hudson, an Englishman who worked for the Dutch East India Company, a permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam, the 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. In 1846, New York historian John Romeyn Brodhead converted the figure of Fl 60 to US$23, variable-rate myth being a contradiction in terms, the purchase price remains forever frozen at twenty-four dollars, as Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace remarked in their history of New York. Sixty guilders in 1626 was valued at approximately $1,000 in 2006, based on the price of silver, Straight Dope author Cecil Adams calculated an equivalent of $72 in 1992. In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony, New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it New York after the English Duke of York and Albany, the Dutch Republic regained it in August 1673 with a fleet of 21 ships, renaming the city New Orange. Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16,1776. The city, greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the campaign, became the British political, British occupation lasted until November 25,1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city

6.
Dublin
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Dublin is the capital and largest city of Ireland. Dublin is in the province of Leinster on Irelands east coast, the city has an urban area population of 1,345,402. The population of the Greater Dublin Area, as of 2016, was 1,904,806 people, founded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Irelands principal city following the Norman invasion. The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire before the Acts of Union in 1800, following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland. Dublin is administered by a City Council, the city is listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network as a global city, with a ranking of Alpha-, which places it amongst the top thirty cities in the world. It is a historical and contemporary centre for education, the arts, administration, economy, the name Dublin comes from the Irish word Dubhlinn, early Classical Irish Dubhlind/Duibhlind, dubh /d̪uβ/, alt. /d̪uw/, alt /d̪u, / meaning black, dark, and lind /lʲiɲ pool and this tidal pool was located where the River Poddle entered the Liffey, on the site of the castle gardens at the rear of Dublin Castle. In Modern Irish the name is Duibhlinn, and Irish rhymes from Dublin County show that in Dublin Leinster Irish it was pronounced Duílinn /d̪ˠi, other localities in Ireland also bear the name Duibhlinn, variously anglicized as Devlin, Divlin and Difflin. Historically, scribes using the Gaelic script wrote bh with a dot over the b and those without knowledge of Irish omitted the dot, spelling the name as Dublin. Variations on the name are found in traditionally Irish-speaking areas of Scotland, such as An Linne Dhubh. It is now thought that the Viking settlement was preceded by a Christian ecclesiastical settlement known as Duibhlinn, beginning in the 9th and 10th century, there were two settlements where the modern city stands. Baile Átha Cliath, meaning town of the ford, is the common name for the city in modern Irish. Áth Cliath is a name referring to a fording point of the River Liffey near Father Mathew Bridge. Baile Átha Cliath was an early Christian monastery, believed to have been in the area of Aungier Street, there are other towns of the same name, such as Àth Cliath in East Ayrshire, Scotland, which is Anglicised as Hurlford. Although the area of Dublin Bay has been inhabited by humans since prehistoric times and he called the settlement Eblana polis. It is now thought that the Viking settlement was preceded by a Christian ecclesiastical settlement known as Duibhlinn, beginning in the 9th and 10th century, there were two settlements where the modern city stands. The subsequent Scandinavian settlement centred on the River Poddle, a tributary of the Liffey in an area now known as Wood Quay, the Dubhlinn was a small lake used to moor ships, the Poddle connected the lake with the Liffey. This lake was covered during the early 18th century as the city grew, the Dubhlinn lay where the Castle Garden is now located, opposite the Chester Beatty Library in Dublin Castle

7.
Irish people
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The Irish people are a nation and ethnic group native to the island of Ireland, who share a common Irish ancestry, identity and culture. Ireland has been inhabited for about 9,000 years according to archaeological studies, for most of Irelands recorded history, the Irish have been primarily a Gaelic people. Today, Ireland is made up of the Republic of Ireland, the people of Northern Ireland hold various national identities, including Irish, Northern Irish, British, or some combination thereof. The Irish have their own customs, language, music, dance, sports, cuisine, although Irish was their main language in the past, today the huge majority of Irish people speak English as their first language. Historically, the Irish nation was made up of kin groups or clans, there have been many notable Irish people throughout history. After Irelands conversion to Christianity, Irish missionaries and scholars exerted great influence on Western Europe, the 6th-century Irish monk and missionary Columbanus is regarded as one of the fathers of Europe, followed by saints Cillian and Fergal. The scientist Robert Boyle is considered the father of chemistry, famous Irish writers include Oscar Wilde, W. B. Yeats, George Bernard Shaw, Bram Stoker and James Joyce, notable Irish explorers include Brendan the Navigator, Robert McClure, Ernest Shackleton and Tom Crean. By some accounts, the first European child born in North America had Irish descent on both sides, many presidents of the United States have had some Irish ancestry. The population of Ireland is about 6.3 million, but it is estimated that 50 to 80 million people around the world have Irish forebears, historically, emigration from Ireland has been the result of conflict, famine and economic issues. People of Irish descent are mainly in English-speaking countries, especially the United Kingdom. There are also significant numbers in Argentina, Mexico and New Zealand, the United States has the most people of Irish descent, while in Australia those of Irish descent are a higher percentage of the population than in any other country. Many Icelanders have Irish and Scottish Gaelic forebears, in its summary of their article Who were the Celts. The National Museum Wales notes It is possible that genetic studies of ancient. However, early studies have, so far, tended to produce implausible conclusions from very small numbers of people and using outdated assumptions about linguistics, nineteenth century anthropology studied the physical characteristics of Irish people in minute detail. During the past 10,000 years of inhabitation, Ireland has witnessed some different peoples arrive on its shores, the ancient peoples of Ireland—such as the creators of the Céide Fields and Newgrange—are almost unknown. Neither their languages nor terms they used to describe themselves have survived, as late as the middle centuries of the 1st millennium the inhabitants of Ireland did not appear to have a collective name for themselves. Ireland itself was known by a number of different names, including Banba, Fódla, Ériu by the islanders, Iouerne and Hiverne to the Greeks, other Latin names for people from Ireland in Classic and Mediaeval sources include Attacotti and Gael

8.
Americans
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Americans are citizens of the United States of America. The country is home to people of different national origins. As a result, Americans do not equate their nationality with ethnicity, although citizens make up the majority of Americans, non-citizen residents, dual citizens, and expatriates may also claim an American identity. See Names for United States citizens. S, virgin Islands and Northern Mariana Islands in the 20th century. It also includes influences of African-American culture, westward expansion integrated the Creoles and Cajuns of Louisiana and the Hispanos of the Southwest and brought close contact with the culture of Mexico. Large-scale immigration in the late 19th and early 20th centuries from Southern and Eastern Europe introduced a variety of elements, immigration from Asia, Africa, and Latin America has also had impact. A cultural melting pot, or pluralistic salad bowl, describes the way in which generations of Americans have celebrated and exchanged distinctive cultural characteristics, in addition to the United States, Americans and people of American descent can be found internationally. As many as seven million Americans are estimated to be living abroad, the United States of America is a diverse country, racially, and ethnically. Some other race is also an option in the census and other surveys, people of European descent, or White Americans, constitute the majority of the 308 million people living in the United States, with 72. 4% of the population in the 2010 United States Census. They are considered people who trace their ancestry to the peoples of Europe, the Middle East. Of those reporting to be White American,7,487,133 reported to be Multiracial, with largest combination being white, additionally, there are 29,184,290 White Hispanics or Latinos. Non-Hispanic Whites are the majority in 46 states, there are four minority-majority states, California, Texas, New Mexico, and Hawaii. In addition, the District of Columbia has a non-white majority, the state with the highest percentage of non-Hispanic White Americans is Maine. The largest continental ancestral group of Americans are that of Europeans who have origins in any of the peoples of Europe. This includes people via African, North American, Caribbean, Central American or South American and Oceanian nations that have a large European diaspora, the Spanish were the first Europeans to establish a continuous presence in what is now the United States. Martín de Argüelles born 1566, San Agustín, La Florida, was the first person of European descent born in what is now the United States. Twenty-one years later, Virginia Dare born 1587 Roanoke Island in present-day North Carolina, was the first child born in the Thirteen Colonies to English parents. 8% of the total population, Hispanic or Latino Americans constitute the largest ethnic minority in the United States. They form the second largest group after non-Hispanic Whites in the United States, hispanic/Latino Americans are very racially diverse, and as a result form an ethnic category, rather than a race

9.
Academy Award
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The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze

10.
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
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The Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered a performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry. At the 9th Academy Awards ceremony held in 1937, Gale Sondergaard was the first winner of award for her role in Anthony Adverse. Initially, winners in both supporting acting categories were awarded instead of statuettes. Beginning with the 16th ceremony held in 1944, however, winners received full-sized statuettes, currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS, winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy. Since its inception, the award has given to 78 actresses. Dianne Wiest and Shelley Winters have received the most awards in this category with two awards each, despite winning no awards, Thelma Ritter was nominated on six occasions, more than any other actress. As of the 2017 ceremony, Viola Davis is the most recent winner in category for her role as Rose Maxson in Fences. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. Toronto, Ontario, Canada, University of Toronto Press, inside Oscar, The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards. New York, United States, Ballantine Books, oscars. org Oscar. com The Academy Awards Database

11.
Atonement (film)
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Atonement is a 2007 British romantic drama war film directed by Joe Wright and based on Ian McEwans 2001 novel of the same name. The film stars James McAvoy, Keira Knightley, Saoirse Ronan, Romola Garai and it was produced by Working Title Films and filmed in England. Distributed in most of the world by Universal Studios, it was released in the United Kingdom and Ireland on 7 September 2007, a commercial success, the film earned a worldwide gross of approximately $129 million against a budget of $30 million. Critics gave the positive reviews, praising its acting performances, its cinematography. Atonement won an Oscar for Best Original Score at the 80th Academy Awards and it also garnered fourteen nominations at the 61st British Academy Film Awards, winning both Best Film and Production Design, and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama. In 1935, Briony Tallis is a 13-year-old girl from a wealthy English family and has just finished writing a play. Briony attempts to stage the play with her three visiting cousins, twin boys and their sister, Lola, however, they get bored. Briony stays behind and witnesses a significant moment of tension between her older sister, Cecilia, and Robbie Turner, a servants son. Robbie returns home and writes several drafts of letters to Cecilia, including one that is explicitly sexual, initially written for the sake of humour, he does not intend to send it and sets it aside. On his way to join the Tallis family for dinner, Robbie asks Briony to deliver his letter, Briony secretly reads the letter and is simultaneously disgusted and jealous. She tells Lola of its contents and they call Robbie a “sex maniac” while debating whether to turn him in to the police and that afternoon, Lola and her younger brothers meet a friend of the Tallis family, a wealthy chocolate manufacturer named Paul Marshall. Though he is older than her, he excites Lola by flirting with her. That evening, Cecilia confronts Robbie about the letter which she has since read and they meet in the library where they make love and tenderly confess their love for one another. During the act, Briony watches through the open door. At dinner it is revealed that Lolas twin brothers have run away and she eventually stumbles upon a man running away from apparently raping Lola. Lola claims that she not know the identity of her attacker. In a fit of pique, the still-hurt Briony tells everyone that she saw Robbie commit the act and she shows Robbies shocking letter to her mother and the police. Everyone believes Brionys story except for Cecilia and Robbies mother, Robbie is arrested, four years later, Robbie is released from prison on condition that he join the army

Atonement (film)
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UK release poster
Atonement (film)
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Original film set, August 2006; Redcar 's beach was the site of the Dunkirk beach sequence and stood in for Bray-Dunes
Atonement (film)
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Seven Sisters cliffs and the coastguard cottages, South Downs National Park
Atonement (film)
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Keira Knightley attending the première of Atonement, in Leicester Square, London

12.
Academy Award for Best Actress
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The Academy Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered a performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Janet Gaynor receiving the award for her roles in 7th Heaven, Street Angel, and Sunrise. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the branch of AMPAS. In the first three years of the awards, actresses were nominated as the best in their categories, at that time, all of their work during the qualifying period was listed after the award. The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actress is nominated for a performance in a single film. Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year, one actress has been nominated posthumously, Jeanne Eagels. Only three film characters have been nominated more than once in this category, elizabeth I of England, Leslie Crosbie in The Letter, and Esther Blodgett in A Star is Born. Six women on the list have received an Honorary Academy Award for their acting, they are Greta Garbo, Barbara Stanwyck, Mary Pickford, Deborah Kerr, Gena Rowlands, since its inception, the award has been given to 74 actresses. Katharine Hepburn has won the most awards in this category, with four Oscars, meryl Streep, who has a total of 20 Oscar nominations, has been nominated in this category on 16 occasions, resulting in two awards. As of the 2017 ceremony, Emma Stone is the most recent winner in category for her role as Mia Dolan in La La Land. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933

13.
BAFTA Award
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The British Academy Film Awards are presented in an annual award show hosted by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts to honour the best British and international contributions to film. Between 2008 and 2016, the ceremony was held in central London at the Royal Opera House, the 70th British Academy Film Awards were held on 12 February 2017 at the Royal Albert Hall in London. British Academy of Film and Television Arts was founded in 1947 as The British Film Academy, by David Lean, Alexander Korda, Carol Reed, Charles Laughton, Roger Manvell and others. BAFTA stated charitable purpose is to support, develop and promote the art forms of the image, by identifying and rewarding excellence, inspiring practitioners. In addition to awards ceremonies BAFTA runs a year-round programme of educational events including film screenings. BAFTA is supported by a membership of about 6,000 people from the film, television, the Academys awards are in the form of a theatrical mask designed by American sculptor Mitzi Cunliffe, which was commissioned by the Guild of Television Producers in 1955. The ceremony previously took place in April or May and since 2002 it takes place in February in order to precede the Oscars. The awards are open to all nationalities, though there is an award for Outstanding British Film. Only UK films are eligible for the categories of The British Short Film, the Awards ceremony is delayed broadcast on British television the same evening, and across the world for example its shown on BBC America in the United States. It has been broadcast in colour since 1970, the award ceremony is held in London. From 2000 to 2007 the ceremonies took place at the flagship Odeon cinema in Leicester Square, between 2008 and 2016, the ceremonies took place at the Royal Opera House. The 70th Awards in 2017 were held at the Royal Albert Hall, until 2012, the mobile network Orange sponsored the awards and starting in 2013 Oranges parent company, EE, began sponsorship. British Academy of Film and Television Arts British Academy Television Awards Official website BAFTA Awards database Museum of Broadcast Communications, BAFTA IMDB, BAFTA

BAFTA Award
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The BAFTA award, designed by Mitzi Cunliffe
BAFTA Award
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British Academy of Film and Television Arts

14.
Golden Globe
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Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign. The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented is a part of the film industrys awards season. The 74th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film, the 1st Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best achievements in 1943 filmmaking, was held in January 1944, at the 20th Century-Fox studios. Subsequent ceremonies were held at venues throughout the next decade, including the Beverly Hills Hotel. In 1950, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association made the decision to establish an honorary award to recognize outstanding contributions to the entertainment industry. Recognizing its subject as a figure within the entertainment industry. The official name of the award became the Cecil B. In 1963, the Miss Golden Globe concept was introduced, in its inaugural year, two Miss Golden Globes were named, one for film and one for television. The two Miss Golden Globes named that year were Eva Six and Donna Douglas, respectively, in 2009, the Golden Globe statuette was redesigned. It was unveiled at a conference at the Beverly Hilton prior to the show. The broadcast of the Golden Globe Awards, telecast to 167 countries worldwide, generally ranks as the third most-watched awards show each year, behind only the Oscars, gervais returned to host the 68th and 69th Golden Globe Awards the next two years. Tina Fey and Amy Poehler hosted the 70th, 71st and 72nd Golden Globe Awards in 2015, the Golden Globe Awards theme song, which debuted in 2012, was written by Japanese musician and songwriter Yoshiki Hayashi. On January 7,2008, it was announced due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. The ceremony was faced with a threat by striking writers to picket the event, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association was forced to adopt another approach for the broadcast. In acting categories, Meryl Streep holds the record for the most competitive Golden Globe wins with eight, however, including honorary awards, such as the Henrietta Award, World Film Favorite Actor/Actress Award, or Cecil B. DeMille Award, Barbra Streisand leads with nine, additionally, Streisand won for composing the song Evergreen, producing the Best Picture, and directing Yentl in 1984. Jack Nicholson, Angela Lansbury, Alan Alda and Shirley MacLaine have six awards each, behind them are Rosalind Russell and Jessica Lange with five wins. Meryl Streep also holds the record for most nominations with thirty, at the 46th Golden Globe Awards an anomaly occurred, a three way-tie for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama

Golden Globe
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The Golden Globe statuette

15.
Screen Actors Guild
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The Screen Actors Guild was an American labor union which represented over 100,000 film and television principal and background performers worldwide. On March 30,2012, the leadership announced that the SAG membership voted to merge with the American Federation of Television. The Screen Actors Guild was associated with the Associated Actors and Artistes of America, AAAA is affiliated with the AFL–CIO. Internationally, the SAG was affiliated with the International Federation of Actors. C, since 1995, the guild annually awarded the Screen Actors Guild Awards, which are considered an indicator of success at the Academy Awards. This award is continued by SAG-AFTRA, in 1925, the Masquers Club was formed by actors discontent with the grueling work hours at the Hollywood studios. This was one of the concerns which led to the creation of the Screen Actors Guild in 1933. A meeting in March 1933 of six led to the guilds foundation. Aubrey Smith, Charles Starrett, Richard Tucker, Arthur Vinton, Morgan Wallace, many high-profile actors refused to join SAG initially. This changed when the producers made an agreement amongst themselves not to bid competitively for talent, a pivotal meeting, at the home of Frank Morgan, was what gave SAG its critical mass. Cantors participation was critical, particularly because of his friendship with the recently elected President Franklin D. Roosevelt, after several years and the passage of the National Labor Relations Act, the producers agreed to negotiate with SAG in 1937. Robinson, Edwin Stanley, Gloria Stuart, Lyle Talbot, Franchot Tone, Warren William, Ten of those summoned, dubbed the Hollywood Ten, refused to cooperate and were charged with contempt of Congress and sentenced to prison. The president of SAG – future United States President Ronald Reagan – also known to the FBI as Confidential Informant T-10, testified before the committee but never publicly named names. He felt that lacking a definite stand on the part of the government, subsequently, a climate of fear, enhanced by the threat of detention under the provisions of the McCarran Internal Security Act, permeated the film industry. On November 17,1947, the Screen Actors Guild voted to force its officers to take a non-communist pledge, none of those blacklisted were proven to advocate overthrowing the government – most simply had Marxist or socialist views. The Waldorf Statement marked the beginning of the Hollywood blacklist that saw hundreds of people prevented from working in the film industry, unfortunately, there are no credits to restore, nor any other belated recognition that we can offer our members who were blacklisted. They could not work under assumed names or employ surrogates to front for them, an actors work and his or her identity are inseparable. The Screen Actors Guild Ethnic Minorities Committee was co-founded in 1972 by actors Henry Darrow, Edith Diaz, Ricardo Montalban, the Screen Actors Guild Womens Committee was founded in 1972. In 1998, Naomi Marquez filed suit against SAG and Lakeside Productions claiming they had breached their duty of fair representation, the claim was denied by the Supreme Court

16.
I Could Never Be Your Woman
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I Could Never Be Your Woman is a 2007 American romantic comedy film directed and written by Amy Heckerling and starring Michelle Pfeiffer and Paul Rudd. The film was released on May 11,2007 in Spain, July 18 in Belgium, September 14 in Brazil, September 20 in Greece, the film was not released theatrically in the United States, instead going direct to DVD on February 12,2008. It was also sent straight to DVD in Italy, the UK, Finland, Australia, Iceland and it also went direct to DVD on February 1,2011 in France. Rosie, is a 40-year-old divorced mother who works as a scriptwriter and producer for a TV show You Go Girl, Rosie is insecure about her age, and uses cosmetics to maintain her appearance. She has a close relationship with her thirteen-year-old daughter, Izzie. Despite her ex-husbands urging that she start dating again, she has no man in her life. To the dismay of Rosie and David, her British co-writer, her boss, Marty decides that the show may no longer cover controversial subjects, Adams character is well received by test audiences, and Rosie persuades Marty to give him a chance. As she continues to offer Izzie advice on Dylan, Rosie becomes smitten by Adam, when he comes to pick her up, Adam bonds with Izzie immediately, helping her complete a mission on a video game she was playing, in order to impress Dylan. While there, Rosie lies about her age and says that shes 36, Rosie is nervous about the age difference, but when he goes onto the dance floor at the nightclub, she realizes he is as free spirited as her, and joins him. The two kiss in Adams car, during which Rosie admits that shes actually 40, only to be startled when Adam reveals that hes actually 29, Adam assures her that he doesnt care about their age difference at all, and the two continue their relationship. Rosie continues to be nervous when she hears a recording of Adam flirting with Brianna, things become worse when Izzie has a failed double date with Dylan, and she starts to become insecure about her own appearance, something that concerns Rosie. When Adam is first shown on television, he is an instant hit and this leads to Rosie becoming even more insecure, and worrying that Adam will take advantage of his fame and start looking at younger women. Her situation worsens further when her show is unexpectedly cancelled, shortly after, Adam is given a role in an upcoming sitcom, and she is shocked to discover a speeding ticket sent to Adam showing him in a car with Brianna. She confronts Adam with the photograph of him with Brianna, and he is shocked, Rosie angrily breaks up with him. Despite this, Adam makes numerous attempts to reconcile with her and she proceeds to confront Jeannie when Marty calls her to his office to offer her a job on Adams sitcom, and hits her in the face, reducing her to tears. Later, at a talent show, she sees Izzie has finally succeeded in winning Dylan over. Mother Nature reminds her that, in growing older, she is making way for a girl like Izzie to replace her. T. Heckerlings inspiration for I Could Never Be Your Woman came from her own life as a single mother raising a young daughter during the making of the Clueless TV show

I Could Never Be Your Woman
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Theatrical release poster

17.
City of Ember
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City of Ember is a 2008 American Science fiction fantasy film based on the 2003 novel The City of Ember by Jeanne DuPrau. It was theatrically released in October 10,2008 by 20th Century Fox, the film received mixed reviews from critics and was a box office flop. This box is entrusted to the mayor of the City of Ember, each mayor, in turn, passes the box on to his or her successor. Over time, the significance of the box is forgotten, the box opens at the allotted time, but goes unnoticed. 41 years after the box opens, Embers electric generator begins to fail, at a rite of passage for all graduating students, Mayor Cole stands before the students as they choose their occupations by lottery. At home, Lina finds the box, and enlists Doons help to decipher its contents. Gradually, they learn that the document is a set of instructions toward an exit from the city, when they report the theft, they are arrested and the mayor attempts to take the box from Lina, but a blackout allows Lina to escape. Now fugitives from the police, the pair obtain Poppy, Linas 4 year old sister. Meanwhile, the Mayor turns against his accomplice Looper, and locks himself in his vault, only to be devoured by a gigantic mole. Lina, Doon, and Poppy reach the surface, where they witness the sunrise, and later tie a message of their discovery to a rock and drop it into the city, Saoirse Ronan as Lina Mayfleet, descendant of the 7th Mayor of Ember. Harry Treadaway as Doon Harrow Bill Murray as Mayor Cole, the current Mayor of the City of Ember, toby Jones as Barton Snode, the assistant to Mayor Cole. Martin Landau as Sul, a technician in the Pipeworks and mentor to Doon, Tim Robbins as Loris Barrow Harrow, Doons father. Marianne Jean-Baptiste as Clary Lane, Greenhouse Keeper, liz Smith as Granny Mayfleet Amy Quinn and Catherine Quinn as Poppy Mayfleet, younger sister of Lina. Mary Kay Place as Mrs. Murdo Mackenzie Crook as Looper, keeper of the store rooms, lucinda Dryzek as Lizzie Bisco, Linas best friend. Matt Jessup as Joss, a classmate of Lina and Doon, simon Kunz as Captain Fleery, Linas boss. Ian McElhinney as a Builder In October 2004, Playtone partners Tom Hanks and they entered negotiations with Caroline Thompson to adapt the novel and Gil Kenan to direct the film. The deal includes an option on the sequel novel The People of Sparks, filming was scheduled to begin in early summer of 2007 and to wrap up in October of the same year, a 16-week shooting process. A former paint hall in the shipyard of Harland and Wolff in Belfasts Titanic Quarter was converted into the post-apocalyptic city, few animals are shown, but the two nonhuman living creatures onscreen are related thematically to darkness and light, a giant moth and a giant mole

City of Ember
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Theatrical release poster

18.
The Lovely Bones(film)
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The Lovely Bones is a 2009 supernatural drama film directed by Peter Jackson and stars Mark Wahlberg, Rachel Weisz, Susan Sarandon, Stanley Tucci, Michael Imperioli, and Saoirse Ronan. Jackson and his producer partners acquired the rights independently and developed a script on their own, principal photography began in October 2007 in New Zealand and Pennsylvania, United States. After DreamWorks left the project, Paramount became the sole distributor. The films trailer was released on August 4,2009, the Lovely Bones was first released on December 26,2009, in New Zealand, and then internationally in January 2010. The films North American release date was changed multiple times, with a release on December 11,2009. In the films opening weekend, in limited release, it grossed $116,616, the Lovely Bones grossed over $44 million in North America. In 1973, 14-year-old Susie Salmon dreams about becoming a photographer, one day, Ray, a boy she has a crush on, approaches her at school and asks her out. As Susie walks home through a cornfield, she runs into her neighbor, George Harvey, inside, Susie becomes uncomfortable and attempts to leave, when he grabs her, the scene fades until she is seen rushing past classmate Ruth Connors, apparently fleeing Harveys den. The Salmons become worried when Susie fails to return home from school and her father, Jack, searches for her, while her mother, Abigail, waits for the police. In town, Susie sees Jack, but he does not respond to her when she calls, Susie runs home to find Harvey soaking in a bathtub. After seeing her hanging on the sink faucet near a bloody shaving razor. Screaming, she is pulled into the In-Between, that is neither Heaven nor Earth, from there, Susie watches over her loved ones, unable to let go despite the urging of her new afterlife friend, Holly. Investigating Susies disappearance with Detective Fenerman, Jack thinks Susie was murdered by someone she knew and he researches neighbors and comes to think Harvey is the killer. Fenerman is unable to find any evidence pinpointing Harvey as a suspect, Susies sister, Lindsey, agrees with Jacks suspicions, but their casework takes a toll on Abigail, and Jack invites Abigails alcoholic mother, Lynn, to move in with them. Feeling alienated from her husband, Abigail leaves for California, one night, Jack, carrying a bat, trails Harvey into the cornfield. However, Jack accidentally stumbles across Susies friend, Clarissa and her boyfriend, who mistakenly thinks his girlfriend is being assaulted, nearly bludgeons Jack to death as Harvey watches from a hiding spot. As Jack recuperates, Lindsey breaks into Harveys house looking for evidence that he killed Susie, upstairs, she finds a notebook containing a sketch of the den, a lock of Susies hair, and news articles about Susies disappearance. Harvey returns home and almost catches Lindsey in his house, not wishing to spoil her parents reunion, she gives the book to her grandmother, who contacts the police

The Lovely Bones(film)
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Theatrical release poster
The Lovely Bones(film)
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Jackson at 2009 Comic-Con film festival. At the festival Jackson discussed The Lovely Bones and screened a clip from it.

19.
Hanna (film)
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Hanna is a 2011 action adventure thriller film that contains some prominent fairy tale elements, directed by Joe Wright. The film stars Saoirse Ronan as the character, a girl raised in the wilderness of northern Finland by her father, an ex-CIA operative. Cate Blanchett is a senior CIA agent who tries to track down and eliminate the girl, the soundtrack was written by The Chemical Brothers. Hanna was released in North America in April 2011 and in Europe in May 2011, the film received a positive response from most critics, with reviewers praising the performances of Ronan and Blanchett as well as the action sequences and themes. Hanna Heller is a 15-year-old girl who lives with her father, Erik Heller in rural northern Finland, the film opens with her hunting and killing a reindeer. Since the age of two, Hanna has been trained by Erik, an operative from Germany, to be a skilled assassin. He teaches her combat and drills her in target shooting. He left the agency, going incognito into the Arctic, Erik knows a secret that cannot become public, and Marissa Wiegler, a senior CIA officer, searches for him in order to eliminate him. Erik has trained Hanna with the intent that she will kill Marissa, due to her upbringing in the wilderness, she is unfamiliar with many aspects of modern civilisation despite having read encyclopedias. One night, Hanna tells Erik that she is ready to face their enemies, Erik digs up a radio beacon that eventually will alert the CIA to their presence. Although he warns Hanna that a confrontation with Marissa will be fatal for either her or Marissa, he leaves the decision to Hanna. Erik leaves, instructing her to him in Berlin. A CIA special forces team arrives to capture Hanna and Erik, Hanna is taken to an underground CIA complex where Marissa, being suspicious, sends a body double to talk to Hanna. While talking to the double, Hanna starts to cry and crawls sobbing into the lap of the double and they send some guards to her cell to sedate her. As they enter the cell, Hanna kills the double along with some of the guards, how the guards let her do this or the lack of security is never explained. In a flashback, Marissa is seen firing at a car that is carrying Hannas mother, two-year-old Hanna, the car crashes but the trio flees. Marissa shoots Johanna, but Erik escapes with Hanna into the woods and she stows away in the familys camper-van on the ferry ride to Spain, seeking to reach Berlin. The family is kind to her, and she and Sophie become friends, Marissa hires Isaacs, a sadistic former agent, to capture Hanna

Hanna (film)
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Pre-release US poster

20.
The Way Back
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The Way Back is a 2010 survival drama film directed by Peter Weir, from a screenplay by Weir and Keith Clarke. The film is inspired by The Long Walk, the memoir by former Polish prisoner of war Sławomir Rawicz, the film stars Jim Sturgess, Colin Farrell, Ed Harris, and Saoirse Ronan, with Alexandru Potocean, Sebastian Urzendowsky, Gustaf Skarsgård, Dragoş Bucur and Mark Strong. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Makeup, during World War II, after the Soviet invasion of Poland, young Polish army officer Janusz Wieszczek is held as a POW and interrogated by the NKVD. The Soviets, unable to get him to say he is a spy, take his wife into custody and he is sentenced to 20 years in a Gulag labour camp deep in Siberia. There he meets those with whom he plans an escape, Mr. Khabarov secretly tells Janusz that he is planning to escape south to Mongolia. Smith cautions Janusz that it is Khabarovs way to discuss plans with newcomers, to maintain his morale. At times Janusz seems to hallucinate the front door of a home and adjoining window ledge, which holds plants. Janusz follows through with the escape with Smith, Valka, Voss, Tomasz, Zoran, Kazik freezes to death the second night of the trek, after losing his way back to the campsite while looking for wood, and the group buries him. After many days of travelling across the snows of Siberia, the group reaches Lake Baikal. There they meet Irena, a young Polish girl, who tells them that Russian soldiers murdered her parents and sent her to a farm near Warsaw. When the group reaches an unpatrolled border between the Soviet Union and Mongolia, Valka, who idolizes Joseph Stalin and does not know what he would do elsewhere, the rest continue to Ulan Bator, but soon they see images of Stalin and a red star. Janusz realises that Mongolia is under communist control and since China is at war with Japan, as they continue south across the Gobi Desert, lack of water, sandstorms, sunburn, blisters and sunstroke weaken the group. Irena collapses several times and soon dies, a few days later Tomasz collapses and dies. Smith is on the verge of death, but after being motivated by Janusz, Zoran and Voss, decides to rejoin the group, soon after they reach China passing through the Great Wall. As they reach the Himalayas, all of them on the verge of death, Smith decides to go to Lhasa with the help of one of the monks contacts, who will smuggle him out through China. Once there, he anticipates he will be able to connect with the US military, the remaining three continue to trek through the Himalayas and soon reach India. At the end of the film, Janusz keeps walking around the world until 1989, Jim Sturgess as Janusz Wieszczek, a young Polish inmate made a Prisoner of War during the Soviet invasion of Poland Ed Harris as Mr. The book sold over 500,000 copies and is credited with inspiring many explorers, in 2006 the BBC unearthed records which showed that, rather than having escaped from the gulag, he had in fact been released by the USSR in 1942

The Way Back
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Theatrical release poster

21.
Byzantium (film)
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Byzantium is a 2012 Irish horror fantasy thriller film directed by Neil Jordan and starring Gemma Arterton, Saoirse Ronan, and Jonny Lee Miller. The story concerns a mother and daughter vampire duo who move into a hotel while hiding out from other vampires. The film premiered at the Irish Film Institute in April 2013 and was released the following month. It has received positive reviews. In 2010, an old man, Robert Fowlds, picks up a discarded note dropped by teenage vampire Eleanor Webb, realising what she is, the old man invites Eleanor to his house and tells her that he is ready for death. Eleanor proceeds to kill him and consume his blood, elsewhere, Eleanors mother, Clara, is chased from the lap-dancing club where she has been working by Werner, a member of the vampiric Brethren, who demands to know where Eleanor is. Clara decapitates Werner, burns his body and leaves town with her daughter, Eleanor and Clara seek sanctuary in a dilapidated coastal resort. There, Clara sets her sights on a lonely soul named Noel, who has just inherited the Byzantium Hotel, Eleanor plays the piano in a restaurant and is approached by a young waiter named Frank, who takes a shine to her. Having seduced Noel, Clara turns the Byzantium into a makeshift brothel, interested in her past, Frank questions Eleanor, who writes her story for him to read. Not entirely believing it, he shows it to their teacher, much to the dismay of Darvell, Clara leaves with Ruthven, who forces her into prostitution. When Eleanor is born in 1804, Clara leaves her at the local private orphanage, years later, Clara is dying of what appears to be tuberculosis when the brothel is visited by Darvell, who has become a vampire. He gives Ruthven a map to an island where people can become vampires if they are willing to die, Clara shoots Ruthven in the leg, steals the map and makes her way to the island to become a vampire. Darvell finds Clara and takes her to the Brethren, a society of vampires that protects the secret of vampirism. Shortly afterwards, Claras decision to spare Ruthven comes back to haunt her, Clara brutally murders him but she is too late, Eleanor is condemned to a slow, painful death. Desperate to save her daughters life, Clara takes Eleanor to the island and has her transformed into a vampire, the Brethren begin hunting Clara and Eleanor. In the 21st century, Eleanor falls in love with Frank and decides to help him turn into a vampire so they can be together, before killing him, Clara finds out from Kevin that Eleanor has told Frank of their past. Noel is accidentally killed, falling down the shaft, when Clara tries to prevent Eleanor from leaving the hotel. While Clara is out dealing with Frank, Darvell and Savella, Clara leaves without killing Frank when she realises that Eleanor is in mortal danger

Byzantium (film)
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Promotional poster

22.
The Host (2013 film)
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The Host is a 2013 American romantic science fiction thriller film adapted from Stephenie Meyers novel of the same name. It tells the story of a woman, Melanie, who is captured after the human race has been taken over by parasitic aliens called Souls. After Melanie is infused with a soul called Wanderer, Melanie, written and directed by Andrew Niccol, the film stars Saoirse Ronan, Max Irons, Jake Abel, William Hurt, and Diane Kruger. Released in theaters on March 29,2013, the film was received by critics. The human race has taken over by small parasitic aliens called Souls. They travel to planets inserting themselves into a host body of that planets dominant species while suppressing the hosts consciousness and they access the hosts memories, and occupied hosts are identifiable by silver rings in the hosts eyes. A human on the run, Melanie Stryder, is captured and infused with a soul called Wanderer, Wanderer is asked by Seeker to access Melanies memories in order to discover the location of a pocket of unassimilated humans. Melanies consciousness, however, has not been eliminated. Melanie and Wanderer carry out a conversation and debate with each other. Wanderer shares with Seeker that Melanie was traveling with her brother, Jamie, Wanderer admits that Melanie is still present, so Seeker decides to be transferred into Melanies body to get the information herself. With the help of Melanie, Wanderer escapes and makes her way to the desert, where she is found by Jeb, wanderers presence is met with hostility by all but Jeb and Jamie. Melanie instructs Wanderer not to anyone she is still alive, since it would provoke them. Wanderer begins interacting with the humans and slowly begins to gain their trust, Seeker leads a search party into the desert to find Wanderer. They intercept one of the shelters supply teams, and in the chase, Aaron. During the chase, Seeker accidentally kills another Soul, leading her superiors to call off the search, returning to the caves, Jared and Kyle move to kill Wanderer, causing Jamie to reveal that Melanies consciousness is alive. Jeb and Ian accept this, but Jared refuses to believe it until he attempts to determine the truth by kissing Wanderer, provoking Melanie to take back control, Kyle tries to kill Wanderer but endangers his own life and ends up being saved by Wanderer. Ian believes that Kyle attacked Wanderer and tells her that he loves her, Wanderer admits that, while occupying Melanies body, she must love Jared, but she has feelings of her own, and the two kiss. After isolating herself for several days, Wanderer learns that Jamie is critically ill with an infection in his leg and she infiltrates a Soul medical facility to steal some of their alien medicine, saving Jamies life

The Host (2013 film)
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Theatrical release poster

23.
How I Live Now (film)
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How I Live Now is a 2013 Canadian-British speculative drama film based on the 2004 novel of the same name by Meg Rosoff. It was directed by Kevin Macdonald and script written by Tony Grisoni, Jeremy Brock, the film stars Saoirse Ronan, Tom Holland, Anna Chancellor, George MacKay and Corey Johnson. It was screened in the Special Presentation section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival, Daisy, a neurotic and anorexic American teenager, is sent to the English countryside for the summer to stay with her Aunt Penn and her cousins, Eddie, Isaac, and Piper. She arrives at Heathrow Airport to tightened security and reports of a bombing in Paris, and Isaac drives to her cousins farm, although initially abrasive, Daisy warms to them upon learning that her deceased mother used to stay there frequently. She also falls in love with Eddie, her eldest cousin, finding him to be as introverted and strong-willed as she, and noticing his unusual, almost mystical connection to animals. Their summer fun ends when a terrorist coalition detonates a bomb in London that potentially kills hundreds of thousands. In the aftermath, electricity goes out, and they learn from a radio broadcast that martial law has been imposed. The next day, an American consular official arrives at the house, unable to help her cousins, he advises them to remain indoors and wait for evacuation. After they move to a barn, Daisy has sex with Eddie. The next day, however, the British Army storms the shelter, there, they learn boys and girls are to be evacuated to separate parts of the country. Both Eddie and Daisy resist separation, and Daisy is restrained with cable ties, Daisy and Piper are taken to the home of a British Army major and his wife, who foster them. Determined to escape, Daisy discreetly begins hoarding supplies, but their neighbourhood is attacked by the enemy before she has time to take everything she needs, as Daisy and Piper hike through the countryside, Daisy interprets her dreams of Eddie as indications of his current situation. One night, Daisy is woken up and witnesses a gang-rape and she and Piper flee, but after Piper starts whining, Daisy threatens to abandon her. Already disturbed by the experience, they discover a massacre at the camp where Isaac. Daisy reluctantly checks the bodies, although Eddie is not among the dead and she mournfully takes his glasses and later buries them. As they leave, they are spotted by two armed men, who chase them through the woods, Piper and Daisy decide to hide, but the men discover Piper. Daisy threatens them with a gun and impulsively shoots them both, she kills one and wounds the other, the horror of what she has done, along with her fears, begins to take its toll on Daisy. Later, she realises that they have lost their map and compass, and they realise it will lead them home and follow it

How I Live Now (film)
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UK poster

24.
The Grand Budapest Hotel
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The Grand Budapest Hotel is an 2014 comedy film written and directed by Wes Anderson, from a story by Anderson and Hugo Guinness, inspired by the writings of Stefan Zweig. Featuring an ensemble cast, it stars Ralph Fiennes as a concierge who teams up with one of his employees to prove his innocence after he is framed for murder, the film is an American-German-British co-production that was financed by German financial companies and film-funding organizations. The Grand Budapest Hotel was released to acclaim from film critics. The film led the BAFTA nominations, with its 11 nominations including Best Film and Best Director for Anderson, the film won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy and garnered three more Golden Globe Award nominations, including Best Director for Anderson. It also garnered nine Academy Award nominations, joining Birdman with the most for the ceremony, including Best Picture and it won the Academy Awards for Best Costume Design, Best Makeup and Hairstyling, Best Production Design and Best Original Score. The narrative takes the form of a story within a story within a story, the Author begins narrating the tale from his desk in 1985 to a TV film crew about a trip he made to the Grand Budapest Hotel in 1968. Many of its lustrous facilities are now in a state of repair. The Author encounters the hotels concierge, Monsieur Jean, and elderly owner, Zero Moustafa, one afternoon, and they agree to meet later that evening. Over dinner in the enormous dining room, Mr. Moustafa tells him the tale of how he took ownership of the hotel. Part 1 – M. Gustave The story begins in 1932 during the glory days when the young Zero was a lobby boy, freshly arrived in Zubrowka after his hometown was razed. Zero befriends and eventually proposes to Agatha, who is a pastry chef. Zubrowka being on the verge of war is of concern to Monsieur Gustave H. the Grand Budapests devoted concierge. The owner of the hotel is unknown and only relays important messages through the lawyer Deputy Kovacs. When he is not attending to the needs of the wealthy clientele or managing its staff. One of the ladies is Madame Céline Villeneuve Desgoffe und Taxis, one month later, Gustave is informed that Madame D has died. This enrages her family, all of whom hoped to inherit it and her son, Dmitri Desgoffe und Taxis, lashes out at Gustave. With the help of Zero, Gustave steals the painting and returns to the Grand Budapest, during the journey, Gustave makes a pact with Zero, in return for the latters help, he makes Zero his heir. Shortly thereafter, Gustave is arrested and imprisoned for the murder of Madame D after forced testimony by Serge X, Madame Ds butler, Gustave tells Zero he has an alibi for the night Madame D was killed but could never cite his aristocratic lady bedmistress in court

25.
Forbes (magazine)
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Forbes is an American business magazine. Published bi-weekly, it features articles on finance, industry, investing. Forbes also reports on related subjects such as technology, communications, science, politics and its headquarters is located in Jersey City, New Jersey. Primary competitors in the business magazine category include Fortune and Bloomberg Businessweek. The magazine is known for its lists and rankings, including its lists of the richest Americans. Another well-known list by the magazine is The Worlds Billionaires list, the motto of Forbes magazine is The Capitalist Tool. Its chairman and editor-in-chief is Steve Forbes, and its CEO is Mike Perlis, Forbes, a financial columnist for the Hearst papers, and his partner Walter Drey, the general manager of the Magazine of Wall Street, founded Forbes magazine on September 15,1917. Forbes provided the money and the name and Drey provided the publishing expertise, the original name of the magazine was Forbes, Devoted to Doers and Doings. Drey became vice-president of the B. C. Forbes Publishing Company, while B. C. Forbes became editor-in-chief, B. C. Forbes was assisted in his later years by his two eldest sons, Bruce Charles Forbes and Malcolm Stevenson Forbes. Bruce Forbes took over on his fathers death, and his strengths lay in streamlining operations, during his tenure, 1954–1964, the magazines circulation nearly doubled. On Malcolms death, his eldest son Malcolm Stevenson Steve Forbes Jr. became President and Chief Executive of Forbes, between 1961 and 1999 the magazine was edited by James Michaels. In 1993, under Michaels, Forbes was a finalist for the National Magazine Award. com, a 2009 New York Times report said,40 percent of the enterprise was sold. For a reported $300 million, setting the value of the enterprise at $750 million, according to Mark M. Edmiston of AdMedia Partners, Its probably not worth half of that now. The companys headquarters moved to the Newport section of downtown Jersey City. In November 2013, Forbes Media, which publishes Forbes magazine, was put up for sale and this was encouraged by Elevation Partners, of whom were minority shareholders. Sales documents prepared by Deutsche Bank revealed that the publishers 2012 EBITDA was $15 million, Forbes reportedly sought a price of $400 million. In July 2014, Forbes sold a majority of itself to Integrated Whale Media Investments, Steve Forbes and his magazines writers offer investment advice on the weekly Fox TV show Forbes on Fox and on Forbes On Radio. Other company groups include Forbes Conference Group, Forbes Investment Advisory Group, from the 2009 Times report, Steve Forbes recently returned from opening up a Forbes magazine in India, bringing the number of foreign editions to 10

Forbes (magazine)
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Cover for December 20, 2010, featuring Julian Assange
Forbes (magazine)
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Forbes
Forbes (magazine)
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Forbes's former headquarters on 5th Avenue in Manhattan (now owned by New York University)
Forbes (magazine)
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Forbes Building on Fifth Avenue in New York City (now owned by New York University)

26.
The Crucible
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The Crucible is a 1953 play by American playwright Arthur Miller. It is a dramatized and partially fictionalized story of the Salem witch trials took place in the Massachusetts Bay Colony during 1692/93. Miller wrote the play as an allegory for McCarthyism, when the US government ostracized people for being communists, the play was first performed at the Martin Beck Theatre on Broadway on January 22,1953, starring E. G. Marshall, Beatrice Straight and Madeleine Sherwood. Miller felt that production was too stylized and cold and the reviews for it were largely hostile. Nonetheless, the won the 1953 Tony Award for Best Play. A year later a new production succeeded and the became a classic. It is regarded as a work in the canon of American drama. Betty Parris, the daughter of Salem preacher Reverend Samuel Parris. The previous evening, Reverend Parris discovered Betty, some other girls, the village is rife with rumors of witchcraft and a crowd gathers outside Rev. Parris house. The Reverend questions the girls apparent ringleader, his niece Abigail Williams, Parris decides to invite Reverend John Hale, an expert in witchcraft and demonology, to investigate and leaves to address the crowd. The other girls involved in the incident join Abigail and a briefly roused Betty, Abigail coerces and threatens the others to stick to their story of merely dancing in the woods. The other girls are frightened of the truth being revealed and being labelled witches, Betty then faints back into unconsciousness. John Proctor, a farmer and husband of Elizabeth, enters. He sends the girls out and confronts Abigail, who tells him that she. It is revealed that Abigail once worked as a servant for the Proctors, Abigail still harbors feelings for John and believes he does as well, but John says he does not. Abigail angrily mocks John for denying his feelings for her. As they argue, Betty bolts upright and begins screaming, mrs. Putnam is a bereaved parent seven times over, she blames witchcraft for her losses and Bettys ailment. Rebecca is rational and suggests a doctor be called instead, mr. Putnam and Corey have been feuding over land ownership

The Crucible
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The Crucible

27.
Abigail Williams (Salem witch trials)
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Abigail Williams was one of the initial accusers in the Salem Witch Trials of 1692 which led to the arrest and imprisonment of more than 150 accused witches. Abigail and her cousin Betty Parris were the first two accusers in the Salem Witch trials of 1692, Williams was eleven years old at the time and she was living with her uncle Samuel Parris in Salem after Indians murdered her parents during a raid. According to eyewitness Rev. Deodat Lawson, she and Betty began to have fits in which ran around rooms flailing their arms, ducking under chairs. It is claimed that her body contorted into apparently impossible positions and this troubled many of the villagers of Salem. Local minister Rev. Samuel Parris decided to call in a doctor to determine whether or not these afflictions were medical, dr. William Griggs had difficulty understanding the actions of the two young girls. He believed that it was not an issue and suggested that it must be witchcraft. One of Parris’ slaves named Tituba was then asked to bake a witch cake—rye mixed with the afflicted girls urine—and feed the mixture to a dog. The theory was that the dog would exhibit similar symptoms if Abigail and Betty were bewitched, further accusations were soon made because of Abigail and Bettys claims to be possessed, resulting in 20 deaths. Three women were arrested for suspicion of witchcraft on February 29,1692, Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne and they were all found guilty, but the only one to confess was Tituba. Sarah Good was hanged and Sarah Osborne died in prison, Tituba was released from jail a year later, when Rev. Samuel Parris paid her fees for release. Abigail and Bettys accusations rapidly spread throughout Salem and nearby villages, leading to the imprisonment of many people, in 1976, Linnda R. Caporael put forward the theory that these strange symptoms may have been caused by ergotism, the ingestion of fungus-infected rye. This explanation has not been widely accepted, Abigail Williams is a major character in the play The Crucible by Arthur Miller, but she is portrayed as 17 years old, roughly five years older than her true age. It is gradually revealed that she has been dancing in the woods with the girls of Salem and performing rituals with her uncles slave. When rumors begin to circulate that there is witchcraft in the town, Abigail, in the stage play, The Crucible, Abigail has previously worked as a maid at the Proctor household and had an affair with John Proctor. Hoping to marry John, Abigail accuses Johns wife Elizabeth of witchcraft in the hopes that Elizabeth will be executed, in the 1957 and 1996 film adaptations of the play, Abigail was portrayed by Mylène Demongeot and Winona Ryder, respectively. A sequel to The Crucible, Abigail/1702, by Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa debuted in 2013, the play fictionally depicts Williams life a decade after the events of The Crucible. Williams featured in the 2010 film The Sorcerers Apprentice as a minor antagonist, Horvath, the films antagonist, releases her from a magical prison called The Grimhold and uses her to kidnap the love interest of the protagonist, Dave. After the kidnapping is complete, Horvath absorbs Abigails powers and steals her pentagram amulet which channels her power, by doing so, Horvath becomes more powerful and is finally able to free his master, Morgana

28.
Time (magazine)
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Time is an American weekly news magazine published in New York City. It was founded in 1923 and for decades was dominated by Henry Luce, a European edition is published in London and also covers the Middle East, Africa and, since 2003, Latin America. An Asian edition is based in Hong Kong, the South Pacific edition, which covers Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, is based in Sydney, Australia. In December 2008, Time discontinued publishing a Canadian advertiser edition, Time has the worlds largest circulation for a weekly news magazine, and has a readership of 26 million,20 million of which are based in the United States. As of 2012, it had a circulation of 3.3 million making it the eleventh most circulated magazine in the United States reception room circuit, as of 2015, its circulation was 3,036,602. Richard Stengel was the editor from May 2006 to October 2013. Nancy Gibbs has been the editor since October 2013. Time magazine was created in 1923 by Briton Hadden and Henry Luce, the two had previously worked together as chairman and managing editor respectively of the Yale Daily News. They first called the proposed magazine Facts and they wanted to emphasize brevity, so that a busy man could read it in an hour. They changed the name to Time and used the slogan Take Time–Its Brief and it set out to tell the news through people, and for many decades the magazines cover depicted a single person. More recently, Time has incorporated People of the Year issues which grew in popularity over the years, notable mentions of them were Barack Obama, Steve Jobs, Matej Turk, etc. The first issue of Time was published on March 3,1923, featuring Joseph G. Cannon, the retired Speaker of the House of Representatives, on its cover, a facsimile reprint of Issue No. 1, including all of the articles and advertisements contained in the original, was included with copies of the February 28,1938 issue as a commemoration of the magazines 15th anniversary. The cover price was 15¢ On Haddens death in 1929, Luce became the dominant man at Time, the Intimate History of a Publishing Enterprise 1923–1941. In 1929, Roy Larsen was also named a Time Inc. director, J. P. Morgan retained a certain control through two directorates and a share of stocks, both over Time and Fortune. Other shareholders were Brown Brothers W. A. Harriman & Co. the Intimate History of a Changing Enterprise 1957–1983. According to the September 10,1979 issue of The New York Times, after Time magazine began publishing its weekly issues in March 1923, Roy Larsen was able to increase its circulation by utilizing U. S. radio and movie theaters around the world. It often promoted both Time magazine and U. S. political and corporate interests, Larsen next arranged for a 30-minute radio program, The March of Time, to be broadcast over CBS, beginning on March 6,1931

Time (magazine)
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The first issue of Time (March 3, 1923), featuring SpeakerJoseph G. Cannon.
Time (magazine)
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Bibi Aisha on the Cover of Time.
Time (magazine)
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Time Magazine red X covers: from left to right, Adolf Hitler, Saddam Hussein, Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, and Osama bin Laden.

29.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange

30.
Carlow
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Carlow is the county town of County Carlow in Ireland. It is situated in the south-east of Ireland,84 km from Dublin, County Carlow is the second smallest county in Ireland by area, occupying 841 square kilometres. According to the 2016 census there is a population of 56,875 people living in County Carlow, the River Barrow flows through the town, and forms the historic boundary between counties Laois and Carlow, the Local Government Act 1898 included the town entirely in County Carlow. The settlement of Carlow is thousands of old and pre-dates written Irish history. The town has played a role in Irish history, serving as the capital of the country in the 14th century. It was voted the cleanest town in Ireland by Irish Business Against Litter in 2010, the name Carlow is an anglicisation of the Irish language name Ceatharlach. Historically, it was anglicised as Caherlagh, Caterlagh and Catherlagh, according to logainm. ie, the first part of the name derives from the Old Irish word cethrae, which is related to ceathar and therefore signified four-legged. The second part of the name is the ending -lach, some, such as Deirdre Flanagan, believe that the name should be Ceatharloch, since ceathar means four and loch means lake. It is directly translated as Four lakes, although, there is no evidence to suggest that these lakes ever existed in this area. Now part of the diocese of Kildare and Leighlin, several Early Christian settlements are still in evidence today around the county, st Mullins monastery is believed to have been established around the 7th century, the ruins of which are still in evidence today. Old Leighlin was the site of one of the largest monastic settlements in Ireland, st Comhgall built a monastery in the Carlow area in the 6th century, an old church building and burial ground survive today at Castle Hill known as Marys Abbey. Carlow was an Irish stronghold for agriculture in the early 1800s which earned the county the nickname of the scallion eaters, famine wiped out a lot of the population, cutting it in half. Carlow Castle was constructed by William Marshal, Earl of Striguil and Lord of Leinster, c1207-13 and it was also to serve as the capital of the Lordship of Ireland from 1361 until 1374. This imposing structure survived intact until 1814 when it was mostly destroyed in an attempt to turn the building into a lunatic asylum. The present remains now are the West Wall with two of its cylindrical towers, the bridge over the river Barrow – Graiguecullen Bridge, is agreed to date to 1569. Another convent belonging to the Presentation Order of nuns now houses the County Library and beautifully restored, the Cathedral, designed by Thomas Cobden, was the first Catholic cathedral to be built in Ireland after Catholic Emancipation in 1829. Its construction cost £9,000 and was completed in 1833, beside the cathedral, Saint Patricks College dates from 1793. The College, was established in 1782 to teach the humanities to both lay students and those studying for the priesthood, the Carlow Courthouse was constructed in the 19th century

Carlow
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Carlow Cathedral
Carlow
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The "Liberty Tree" in the middle of Carlow
Carlow
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West side of Carlow Castle
Carlow
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Town hall

31.
Howth
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Howth is a village and outer suburb of Dublin, Ireland. The district occupies the part of the peninsula of Howth Head. It is also a parish in the ancient barony of Coolock. Originally just a fishing village, Howth with its surrounding once-rural district is now a busy suburb of Dublin, with a mix of dense residential development. The only neighbouring district on land is Sutton, Howth is also home to one of the oldest occupied buildings in Ireland, Howth Castle. Howth has been a location for movies such as The Last of the High Kings, Boy Eats Girl. Howth is located on the peninsula of Howth Head, which begins around 13 kilometres east-north-east of Dublin, Howth is at the end of a regional road from Dublin and is one of the two northern termini of the DART suburban rail system. It is served by Dublin Bus, the name Howth is thought to be of Norse origin, perhaps being derived from the Old Norse Hǫfuð. Norse vikings colonised the eastern shores of Ireland and built the settlement of Dublin as a base between Scandinavia and the Mediterranean. Norse Vikings first invaded Howth in 819, after Brian Ború, the High King of Ireland, defeated the Norse in 1014, many Norse fled to Howth to regroup and remained a force until their final defeat in Fingal in the middle of the 11th century. Howth still remained under the control of Irish and localized Norse forces until the invasion of Ireland by the Anglo-Normans in 1169, without the support of either the Irish or Scandinavian powers, Howth was isolated and fell to the Normans in 1177. One of the victorious Normans, Armoricus Tristam, was granted much of the land between the village and Sutton, Tristam took on the name of the saint on whose feast day the battle was won - St Lawrence. He built his first castle near the harbour and the St. Lawrence link remains even today, the original title of Baron of Howth was granted to Almeric St. Lawrence by Henry II of England in 1181, for one Knights fee. Howth was a port from at least the 14th century. A popular tale concerns the pirate Gráinne OMalley, who was rebuffed in 1576 while attempting a courtesy visit to Howth Castle, in retaliation, she abducted the Earls grandson and heir, and as ransom she exacted a promise that unanticipated guests would never be turned away again. In the early 19th century, Howth was chosen as the location for the harbour for the packet ship. One of the arguments used against Howth by the advocates of Dún Laoghaire was that coaches might be raided in the badlands of Sutton, however, due to silting, the harbour needed frequent dredging to accommodate the packet and eventually the service was relocated to Dún Laoghaire. George IV visited the harbour in August 1821, on the 26 July 1914,900 rifles were landed at Howth by Robert Erskine Childers for the Irish Volunteers

32.
Proof (2004 TV series)
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Proof is an Irish television mini-serial co-produced by Subotica for Raidió Teilifís Éireann in Ireland and TV2 in Denmark. Proof had two seasons, the season entitled Proof 2. It received funding from the Irish State Broadcaster RTÉ, Denmarks TV2 and it was filmed on location in Ireland. The first series was directed by Ciaran Donnelly and series two by Thaddeus OSullivan, produced by Tristan Orpen Lynch for Subotica and Mary Callery for RTÉ. The screenplay was read by Sunday Times TV critic who noted the excisions, fays observations in the Sunday Times 1 February 2004 included the observation, It could almost be the plot of a whodunnit. A television station commissions a hard- hitting drama set against the backdrop of Irish political corruption. The designated writer delivers the goods with a script that station bigwigs hail as one of the grittiest and most convincing they’ve ever read, then, somewhere between the green-lighting of the project and the first day of principal photography, the script is eviscerated. Its astringent depiction of crooked politics, Irish-style, is watered down to bland, the first series was directed by Ciaran Donnelly and series two by Thaddeus OSullivan. Produced by Tristan Orpen Lynch for Subotica and Mary Callery for RTÉ, in 2009, both series were broadcast by Scottish broadcaster STV. Each series had 4 episodes each, a total of 8 were produced. The series was a hit with critics and audiences alike, Proof was a ratings success for RTÉ and in 2004 became the most watched drama, beating off RTÉs soap opera Fair City. Orla Brady received an Irish Film and Television Award nomination for Best Actress in a TV serial in 2004 and the show was also up for nomination for best TV serial the same year

Proof (2004 TV series)
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Opening Credits

33.
Luna Lovegood
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Dumbledores Army is a fictional student organisation in J. K. It was founded in the book, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. This theory-only approach is widely unpopular among the students, especially those characters like Harry, exams on the subject later in the year. Harry also believes that lack of practical experience makes them vulnerable to Lord Voldemorts forces. This prompts Hermione to suggest founding a student group where Harry would teach practical Defence Against the Dark Arts, in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, Neville and Luna are distraught due to the fact that the D. A. no longer exists. When Hogwarts is invaded by Death Eaters, they are among the members who join the Order of the Phoenix in the ensuing battle. A, however, Luna is abducted and Ginny leaves school, leaving Neville as the D. A. s leader. The group thereafter hide from the Death Eaters in the Room of Requirement, the D. A. believed that if Harry returned hed lead them in a revolution against Snape and the Carrows and are disappointed when he initially refuses to let them help. In the books climax, the D. A. plays an important role in the Battle of Hogwarts, twenty years later, they still wage hopeless resistance against the all-powerful Voldemort, clandestinely helped by Severus Snape - in this reality still alive and still teaching at Hogwarts. Eventually, these remnants of Dumbledores Army sacrifice themselves to cover the escape of Scorpius Malfoy, Hannah Abbott is a Hufflepuff student in Harrys year, described as pink-faced with blonde hair worn in pigtails. W. L. Exams, and has to be given a Calming Draught and she is among the six D. A. members who prevent Draco Malfoy, Crabbe, and Goyle from ambushing Harry aboard the Hogwarts Express at the end of the term. The adult Hannah becomes the landlady of The Leaky Cauldron, and has married Neville Longbottom, charlotte Skeoch played Hannah in the film adaptations of Chamber of Secrets and Goblet of Fire, and voiced the character in the Order of the Phoenix video game. Katie Bell is a Gryffindor student who joins the Quidditch team in her year as a Chaser. She nonetheless succeeds in retaining her spot as Chaser alongside newcomers Ginny Weasley, in Half-Blood Prince, Malfoy secretly attempts to use Katie to deliver a fatally-cursed necklace to Dumbledore. Madam Rosmerta, whom he has placed under the Imperius Curse, herself puts Katie under the Imperius Curse, in the Three Broomsticks in Hogsmeade, in order to deliver it. Whilst arguing about the package with her friend Leanne, Katie ends up accidentally touching the necklace through the package and is badly cursed. Katie returns fully healed to participate in Gryffindors Quidditch Cup final win over Ravenclaw, in Deathly Hallows, she reunites with Oliver, Alicia and Angelina to assist the D. A. in the Battle of Hogwarts. Katie was portrayed by Emily Dale in a part in the first two films. Susan Bones is a Hufflepuff student in Harrys year who wears her hair in a long plait down her back

34.
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)
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Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is a 2007 British-American fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. It is based on the novel of the name by J. K. Rowling. The film, which is the fifth instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Michael Goldenberg and produced by David Heyman, the story follows Harry Potters fifth year at Hogwarts as the Ministry of Magic is in denial of Lord Voldemorts return. The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, alongside Rupert Grint and Emma Watson as Harrys best friends Ron Weasley and it is the sequel to Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire and is followed by Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. Post-production on the film continued for months afterwards to add in visual effects. The films budget was reportedly between £75 and 100 million. Warner Bros. released the film in the United Kingdom on 12 July 2007 and in North America on 11 July, the film was nominated for two BAFTA Film Awards in 2008. While trying to outrun a storm Harry Potter and Dudley are attacked by Dementors, back at the dursleys Harry recevies a letter saying he is expelled from Hogwarts. The Order of the Phoenix, an organization founded by Albus Dumbledore. Then they take him to their headquarters and inform him that the Ministry of Magic is oblivious to Lord Voldemorts return, Harrys godfather, Sirius Black, mentions that Voldemort is after an object he did not have during his previous attack. Dumbledore arrives at the hearing and convinces the Minister of Magic Cornelius Fudge to let Harry return to Hogwarts, at the school Harry learns that Fudge has appointed a new Defence Against the Dark Arts professor, Dolores Umbridge. She and Harry immediately clash, and she punishes Harry for his lies by forcing him to write a message with a magic quill, scarring his hand. When Ron and Hermione notice Harrys scars they are outraged, but Harry refuses to go to Dumbledore, as Umbridges control over the school increases, Ron and Hermione aid Harry in forming a secret group to train students in defensive spells, calling themselves Dumbledores Army. Umbridge recruits the Slytherin students to expose the group, meanwhile, Harry and Cho Chang develop romantic feelings for each other. Harry has an involving a attack upon Arthur Weasley, from the point of view of Arthurs attacker. Concerned that Voldemort will exploit this connection to Harry, Dumbledore instructs Severus Snape to give Harry Occlumency lessons to defend his mind from Voldemorts influence, the connection between Harry and Voldemort leads Harry to further isolate himself from his friends. Meanwhile, Bellatrix Lestrange, Siriuss deranged Death Eater cousin, escapes from Azkaban along with nine other Death Eaters, at Hogwarts, Umbridge and her Inquisitorial Squad expose Dumbledores Army. Dumbledore escapes as Fudge orders his arrest, Harrys relationship with Cho falls apart, as he believes she betrayed Dumbledores Army to Umbridge

Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)
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British release poster
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)
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Filming of aerial and backdrop shots took place at Glen Etive, Scotland.
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)
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An advertisement for the film on a London double-decker bus.
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)
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David Yates at the premiere of Order of the Phoenix, July 2007. Yates was praised for his transition from television to budget cinema; he had not directed a mainstream picture prior to Order of the Phoenix.

35.
Evanna Lynch
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Evanna Patricia Lynch is an Irish actress and model. She rose to prominence for her portrayal of Luna Lovegood in the Harry Potter film series, appearing in the last four films and she has made fashion accessories and recorded an audiobook of Foster by Claire Keegan. She has also appeared in photo shoots for magazines and modelled for Katrin Thomas. Lynch was born in Termonfeckin, County Louth, Ireland, the daughter of Marguerite and she has two older sisters, Emily and Mairead, and one younger brother, Patrick. As a child, Lynch read the Harry Potter series and became a fan, sending letters to the author and she attended Cartown National School in Termonfeckin until June 2004 and then moved to Our Ladys College in Drogheda, where her father was the deputy principal. In 2008, Lynch studied speculative fiction and drama at the Centre for the Talented Youth of Ireland, while on the Harry Potter set, she was tutored for at least three hours a day. From September 2010, Lynch attended the Institute of Education to repeat her Leaving Certificate, Lynch has mentioned having a Catholic upbringing but no longer practices. Lynch credits her being cast in the Harry Potter films to the obsession she had with the Harry Potter book series, at age 11, during the release of the fifth book in 2003, she was hospitalized and her family consulted with the books publisher and the hospital. Lynch then was allowed to leave for an hour and collect a copy of the book. While some have stated that her relationship with J. K. Lynch got the role by reading about the casting call on one of the many Harry Potter fan sites. In 2006, Lynch auditioned at a call in London for the role of Luna Lovegood in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. After auditioning against 15,000 other girls, and a subsequent screen test with lead actor Daniel Radcliffe, producers were impressed with her affinity for the character, David Heyman said, The others could play Luna, Evanna Lynch is Luna. Although uninvolved in the process, Rowling believed that Lynch was perfect for the role. She had never acted professionally before the Harry Potter series, her experience limited to school plays, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix was Lynchs debut screen performance in 2007. The film was a box office hit, taking US$938 million worldwide and she reprised her role as Luna in the films tie-in video game. Two years later, Lynch again starred as Luna in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, the film was critically and financially successful. Her performance earned her Scream Award and Young Artist Award nominations, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1, the first of two films adapted from the seventh and final Harry Potter book, was released in 2010. The film was a success at the box office and drew favourable reviews from critics

36.
Casting call
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The casting process involves a series of auditions before a casting panel, composed of individuals such as the producer, director and/or choreographer. In the early stages of the process, performers often may present prepared audition pieces such as monologues or songs and these audition pieces are usually video taped, attached with resumes, and head shots and then shared with producers, directors and studio representatives. Depending on the prestige of the role, casting calls may go out to the public at large, in the production of film and television, a similar process is followed. Character breakdowns, part of the breakdown, are often provided to auditioners. An actor may go through casting calls before receiving a part. Independent casting studios are used for casting calls so that the castings can take place in various locations. For some major productions, the process of selecting actors for sometimes hundreds of parts may require specialized staff. While the last word remains with the people in charge, artistic and production, a casting director is sometimes assisted by a casting associate, productions with large numbers of extras may have their own extras casting director. The CD remains as a liaison between director, actors and their agents/managers and the studio/network to get the characters in the script cast, at least in the early stages and for extras, casting may be decentralized geographically, often in conjunction with actual shooting planned in different locations. Another reason may be tapping into each home market in the case of an international co-production, the resulting list of actors filling the parts is called a cast list

37.
Joe Wright
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His most recent film, Pan, is a Peter Pan origin story. Darkest Hour, Wrights political drama about Winston Churchill, will be released in 2017, Wright was born on 25 August 1972 in London, where his parents, John and Lyndie, founded the Little Angel Theatre, a puppet theatre in Islington. Wright always had an interest in the arts, especially painting and he would also make films on his Super 8 camera as well as spend time in the evenings acting in a drama club. He left school without any GCSEs and he began his career working at his parents puppet theatre. He also took classes at the Anna Scher Theatre School and acted professionally on stage and he spent an art foundation year at Camberwell College of Arts, before taking a degree in fine art and film at Central St Martins. In his last year of studies he received a scholarship to make a film for the BBC that won several awards. On the success of the short, he was offered the script for the serial Nature Boy. He followed this up with the serials Bodily Harm with Timothy Spall, during the 1990s he worked at Oil Factory, a music video production company based in Caledonian Road, Kings Cross. He worked on a variety of productions in numerous roles, including casting director, here he was able to get the opportunity to direct some music videos. Alongside this, particularly on the strength of his film work, he was also developing The End. He attributes some of the aesthetic and emotion of the UK rave scene as an influence on his work, in 2007, Wright became engaged to actress Rosamund Pike, yet the wedding was called off in 2008. Wright is married to sitarist Anoushka Shankar, daughter of Ravi Shankar and they have two sons, Zubin Shankar Wright, who was born in February 2011, and Mohan Shankar Wright, who was born in February 2015. In 2005 he made the transition to films with the critically acclaimed adaptation of Pride & Prejudice starring Keira Knightley. The film received numerous accolades including 4 Academy Award nominations,6 BAFTA nominations among a host of nominations and wins. On 13 December 2007, the film was nominated for seven Golden Globe Awards, though Wright himself was not nominated for director, the film received seven Academy Award nominations, winning only for Best Original Score. At the BAFTA Awards it received 14 nominations and went on to win for Best Production Design and his next film was The Soloist which stars Jamie Foxx and Robert Downey, Jr. It was to be released on 21 November 2008, however the date was pushed back to 24 April 2009. Wright reunited with Atonement star Saoirse Ronan for the action thriller Hanna, the title character is a 15-year-old girl trained since birth to be an assassin by her father, a rogue CIA asset

Joe Wright
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Wright at 2015 Comic-Con International

38.
Ian McEwan
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Ian Russell McEwan CBE FRSA FRSL is an English novelist and screenwriter. McEwan began his career writing sparse, Gothic short stories, the Cement Garden and The Comfort of Strangers were his first two novels, and earned him the nickname Ian Macabre. These were followed by three novels of some success in the 1980s and early 1990s and his work Enduring Love was adapted into a film. He won the Man Booker Prize with Amsterdam and his following novel Atonement garnered acclaim, and was adapted into an Oscar-winning film starring Keira Knightley and James McAvoy. This was followed by Saturday, On Chesil Beach, Solar, Sweet Tooth, The Children Act, in 2011, he was awarded the Jerusalem Prize. McEwan was born in Aldershot, Hampshire, on 21 June 1948 and his father was a working-class Scotsman who had worked his way up through the army to the rank of major. He spent much of his childhood in East Asia, Germany and North Africa and his family returned to England when he was twelve. McEwans first published work was a collection of stories, First Love, Last Rites. He achieved notoriety in 1979 when the BBC suspended production of his play Solid Geometry because of its supposed obscenity and his second collection of short stories, In Between the Sheets, was published in 1978. The Cement Garden and The Comfort of Strangers were his two earliest novels, both of which were adapted into films, the nature of these works caused him to be nicknamed Ian Macabre. These were followed by McEwans first book for children, Rose Blanche, McEwan followed these works with his second book for children, The Daydreamer. His 1997 novel, Enduring Love, about the relationship between a writer and a stalker, was popular with critics, although it was not shortlisted for the Booker Prize. It was adapted into a film in 2004, in 1998, he won the Man Booker Prize for Amsterdam. His next novel, Atonement, received acclaim, Time magazine named it the best novel of 2002. In 2007, the acclaimed movie Atonement, directed by Joe Wright and starring Keira Knightley. His next work, Saturday, follows an especially eventful day in the life of a successful neurosurgeon, Saturday won the James Tait Black Memorial Prize for 2005, and his novel On Chesil Beach was shortlisted for the 2007 Booker Prize. McEwan has also written a number of produced screenplays, a play, childrens fiction, an oratorio. In 2006, McEwan was accused of plagiarism, specifically that a passage in Atonement closely echoed a passage from a memoir, No Time for Romance, McEwan acknowledged using the book as a source for his work

Ian McEwan
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Ian McEwan in Paris, 2011
Ian McEwan
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Ian McEwan

39.
Atonement (novel)
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Atonement is a 2001 British metafiction novel written by Ian McEwan concerning the understanding and responding to the need for personal atonement. Widely regarded as one of McEwans best works, it was shortlisted for the 2001 Booker Prize for fiction, in 2010, TIME magazine named Atonement in its list of the 100 greatest English-language novels since 1923. In 2007, the book was adapted into a BAFTA and Academy Award-nominated film of the title, starring Saoirse Ronan, James McAvoy and Keira Knightley. Briony Tallis, a 13-year-old English girl with a talent for writing and her older sister Cecilia attends the University of Cambridge with Robbie Turner, the son of the Tallis family housekeeper and a childhood friend of Cecilia. In the summer of 1935, Brionys maternal cousins, Lola and twins Jackson and Pierrot, Briony witnesses a moment of sexual tension between Cecilia and Robbie from afar. Briony misconstrues the situation and concludes that Robbie is acting aggressively toward Cecilia. Robbie, meanwhile, realises he is attracted to Cecilia, whom he has not seen in some time, however, he inadvertently gives her a version he had meant to discard, which contains lewd and vulgar references. Briony reads the letter and becomes disturbed as to Robbies intentions, later she walks in on Robbie and Cecilia making love in the library. Briony misinterprets the sexual act as rape and believes Robbie to be a maniac, in the darkness, Briony discovers her cousin Lola being raped by an assailant she cannot clearly see. Lola is unable or unwilling to identify the attacker, but Briony decides to accuse Robbie and identifies him to the police as the rapist, Robbie is taken away to prison, with only Cecilia and his mother believing his protestations of innocence. By the time that the Second World War has started, Robbie has spent several years in prison and he is then released on the condition of enlistment in the army. Cecilia has trained and become a nurse and she has cut off all contact with her family because of the part they took in sending Robbie to jail. Robbie and Cecilia have only been in contact by letter, since she was not allowed to him in prison. Before Robbie has to go to war in France, they meet once for half an hour during Cecilias lunch break and their reunion starts awkwardly, but they share a kiss before leaving each other. In France, the war is going badly and the army is retreating to Dunkirk, as the injured Robbie goes to the safe haven, he thinks about Cecilia and past events like teaching Briony how to swim and reflecting on Brionys possible reasons for accusing him. His single meeting with Cecilia is the memory that keeps him walking, at the end of part two, Robbie falls asleep in Dunkirk, one day before the evacuation. Remorseful Briony has refused her place at Cambridge and instead is a nurse in London. She has realised the extent of her mistake, and decides it was Paul Marshall, Leons friend

Atonement (novel)
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Atonement cover

40.
Keira Knightley
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Keira Christina Knightley is an English actress. She began acting as a child on television and made her debut in 1995. She had a role as Sabé in Star Wars, Episode I – The Phantom Menace. In 2014, she was nominated for a Golden Globe, a SAG, a BAFTA Award, in October 2015, Knightley made her Broadway debut in the title role of Thérèse Raquin. Knightley was born in Teddington, London, England, the daughter of Sharman Macdonald, an actress turned playwright, and Will Knightley and her Scottish-born mother is of Scottish and Welsh descent, while her father is English. She was meant to be named Kiera, after the Russian ice skater, Kira Ivanova and she has an older brother, Caleb. Knightley lived in Richmond, attending Stanley Junior School, Teddington School and she requested an agent at the age of three. Knightley has noted that she was single-minded about acting during her childhood and she performed in a number of local amateur productions, which included After Juliet, written by her mother, and United States, written by her drama teacher, Ian McShane. She focused on art, history, and English literature while at Esher, after getting an agent at six, Knightley worked mostly in commercials and small TV roles. Her first role was Little Girl in Royal Celebration, a 1993 TV film, a year later, she had a small role in the film A Village Affair. She later starred in 1995s Innocent Lies and 1998s Coming Home and she was a princess in the 1996 film The Treasure Seekers. Later in 1999, she appeared as Rose in Oliver Twist, sabés dialogue was dubbed over with Natalie Portmans voice. This was to hide the fact that the handmaiden Padmé was actually disclosed as the real Queen Amidala at the end of the film. Knightley was cast in the role because of her resemblance to Portman. Knightleys first starring role was in 2001, when she played the daughter of Robin Hood in the made-for-television Walt Disney Productions feature Princess of Thieves and she trained for several weeks in archery, fencing and horse riding. During this time, Knightley also appeared in The Hole, a thriller that received a release in the United States. Its director Nick Hamm described her as a version of Julie Christie. She appeared in the adaptation of Doctor Zhivago as Lara, alongside Scottish actor Hans Matheson in the title role

41.
James McAvoy
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James McAvoy is a Scottish actor. His notable television work includes the drama show State of Play, the adult comedy-drama Shameless, besides screen acting, McAvoy has performed in several West End productions, receiving three nominations for the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor. He has also done work for animated films including Gnomeo & Juliet. In 2003, McAvoy appeared in a role in Bollywood Queen. This was followed by a role, the faun Mr. Tumnus, in The Chronicles of Narnia, The Lion, the Witch. His performance in Kevin Macdonalds drama The Last King of Scotland garnered him several award nominations, the critically acclaimed romantic drama war film Atonement earned him a Golden Globe Award nomination and his second BAFTA nomination. He appeared opposite Angelina Jolie as a trained assassin in the action thriller Wanted. Since then, he is notable for playing the young Professor Charles Xavier in the 2011 superhero film X-Men, First Class, McAvoy starred in the 2013 crime comedy-drama film Filth for which he won Best Actor in the British Independent Film Awards. In 2017, he portrayed Kevin, a man with 23 personalities in his body, in M. Night Shyamalans Split, McAvoy was born in Glasgow, Scotland, the son of Elizabeth, a psychiatric nurse, and James McAvoy, Sr. a builder. He was brought up as a Roman Catholic and his parents divorced when he was seven. His mother lived with them intermittently, the actor has a sister, Joy, and a younger half-brother, Donald. McAvoy has not been in contact with his father since childhood and he attended St. Thomas Aquinas Secondary in Jordanhill, Glasgow, a Catholic school, and briefly considered joining the Catholic priesthood. In a 2006 interview, McAvoy said that he considered becoming a priest as a child because it seemed to be a way to explore the world via missionary work, during his education, he worked at a local bakery. McAvoys acting debut came at the age of 15 in The Near Room and he later admitted that he was not very interested in acting when joining the movie, but was inspired to study the craft after developing feelings for his co-star, Alana Brady. He continued to act while still a member of PACE Youth Theatre, McAvoy eventually graduated from the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in 2000. Throughout the early 2000s, he made guest appearances in television shows, in 2001, McAvoys performance as a gay hustler in the play Out in the Open impressed director Joe Wright so much that Wright began offering McAvoy parts in his films. McAvoy kept declining them, however, and it wasnt until six years later that the two worked together. He also starred in Privates on Parade in the Donmar Warehouse, also in 2001, the actor appeared as Private James W. Miller in Band of Brothers, an eleven-hour World War II miniseries by executive producers Steven Spielberg and Tom Hanks

42.
The Boston Globe
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The Boston Globe is an American daily newspaper based in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1872 by Charles H. Taylor, it was held until 1973. The company was acquired in 1993 by The New York Times Company, in 2011, a BostonGlobe. com subscription site was launched. In 2013, the newspaper and websites were purchased by John W. Henry, the Boston Globe has been awarded 26 Pulitzer Prizes since 1966, and its chief print rival is the Boston Herald. The Boston Globe was founded in 1872 by six Boston businessmen, including Charles H. Taylor and Eben Jordan, the first issue was published on March 4,1872, and cost four cents. Originally a morning daily, it began a Sunday edition in 1877, in 1878, The Boston Globe started an afternoon edition called The Boston Evening Globe, which ceased publication in 1979. By the 1890s, The Boston Globe had become a stronghold, in 1964, Tom Winship succeeded his father, Larry Winship, as editor. The younger Winship transformed The Globe from a local paper into a regional paper of national distinction. He served as editor until 1984, during which time the paper won a dozen Pulitzer Prizes, the Boston Globe was a private company until 1973 when it went public under the name Affiliated Publications. It continued to be managed by the descendants of Charles H. Taylor, in 1993, The New York Times Company purchased Affiliated Publications for US$1.1 billion, making The Boston Globe a wholly owned subsidiary of The New York Times parent. The Jordan and Taylor families received substantial New York Times Company stock, Boston. com, the online edition of The Boston Globe, was launched on the World Wide Web in 1995. Consistently ranked among the top ten websites in America, it has won numerous national awards. Under the helm of editor Martin Baron and then Brian McGrory, the Boston Globe is credited with allowing Peter Gammons to start his Notes section on baseball, which has become a mainstay in all major newspapers nationwide. In 2004, Gammons was selected as the 56th recipient of the J. G. Taylor Spink Award for outstanding baseball writing, given by the BBWAA, and was honored at the Baseball Hall of Fame on July 31,2005. In 2007, Charlie Savage, whose reports on President Bushs use of signing statements made national news, the Boston Globe has consistently been ranked in the forefront of American journalism. The Boston Globe hosts 28 blogs covering a variety of topics including Boston sports, local politics, on April 2,2009, The New York Times Company threatened to close the paper if its unions did not agree to $20,000,000 of cost savings. Some of the cost savings include reducing union employees pay by 5%, ending pension contributions, the Boston Globe eliminated the equivalent of fifty full-time jobs, among buy-outs and layoffs, it swept out most of the part-time employees in the editorial sections. The papers other three major unions had agreed to concessions on May 3,2009, after The New York Times Company threatened to give the government 60-days notice that it intended to close the paper

The Boston Globe
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The April 18, 2011 front page of The Boston Globe
The Boston Globe
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Boston Globe headquarters in September 2009

43.
Romantic comedy film
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Romantic comedy films are films with light-hearted, humorous plotlines, centered on romantic ideals such as that true love is able to surmount most obstacles. One dictionary definition is a movie, play, or television program about a love story that ends happily. Another definition states that its primary distinguishing feature is a plot in which two sympathetic and well-matched lovers are united or reconciled. Romantic comedy films are a genre of comedy films as well as of romance films. However a romantic comedy is classified as a film with two genres not a new genre. Some television series can also be classified as romantic comedies, a wedding-bells, fairy-tale-style happy ending is practically mandatory. The basic plot of a comedy is that two characters meet, part ways due to an argument or other obstacle, then ultimately reunite. Sometimes the two meet and become involved initially, then must confront challenges to their union. Sometimes they are hesitant to become involved because they believe that they do not like each other, because one of them already has a partner. However, the screenwriters leave clues that suggest that the characters are, in fact, attracted to each other, the protagonists often separate or seek time apart to sort out their feelings or deal with the external obstacles to their being together. While the two protagonists are separated, one or both of them realizes that they are ideal for each other, or that they are in love with each other. Then, after one of the two makes some effort to find the other person and declare their love, or through an astonishing coincidental encounter. Then, perhaps with some comic friction or awkwardness, they declare their love for each other, the couple does not, however, have to marry, or live together happily ever after. The ending of a comedy is meant to affirm the primary importance of the love relationship in its protagonists lives. There are many variations on this basic plotline, sometimes, instead of the two lead characters ending up in each others arms, another love match will be made between one of the principal characters and a secondary character. Alternatively, the film may be a rumination on the impossibility of love, the basic format of a romantic comedy film can be found in much earlier sources, such as Shakespeare plays like Much Ado About Nothing and A Midsummer Nights Dream. Some comedy films, such as Knocked Up, combine themes of romantic comedies and stoner comedies, often known as bromance, such films usually use sexual elements which bring the two characters together. Films in this genre include American Pie 2 and even Wedding Crashers, romantic comedies have begun to spread out of their conventional and traditional structure into other territory

44.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital

Los Angeles
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
Los Angeles

45.
London
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London /ˈlʌndən/ is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain and it was founded by the Romans, who named it Londinium. Londons ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its 1. 12-square-mile medieval boundaries. London is a global city in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism. It is crowned as the worlds largest financial centre and has the fifth- or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world, London is a world cultural capital. It is the worlds most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the worlds largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic, London is the worlds leading investment destination, hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city. Londons universities form the largest concentration of education institutes in Europe. In 2012, London became the first city to have hosted the modern Summer Olympic Games three times, London has a diverse range of people and cultures, and more than 300 languages are spoken in the region. Its estimated mid-2015 municipal population was 8,673,713, the largest of any city in the European Union, Londons urban area is the second most populous in the EU, after Paris, with 9,787,426 inhabitants at the 2011 census. The citys metropolitan area is the most populous in the EU with 13,879,757 inhabitants, the city-region therefore has a similar land area and population to that of the New York metropolitan area. London was the worlds most populous city from around 1831 to 1925, Other famous landmarks include Buckingham Palace, the London Eye, Piccadilly Circus, St Pauls Cathedral, Tower Bridge, Trafalgar Square, and The Shard. The London Underground is the oldest underground railway network in the world, the etymology of London is uncertain. It is an ancient name, found in sources from the 2nd century and it is recorded c.121 as Londinium, which points to Romano-British origin, and hand-written Roman tablets recovered in the city originating from AD 65/70-80 include the word Londinio. The earliest attempted explanation, now disregarded, is attributed to Geoffrey of Monmouth in Historia Regum Britanniae and this had it that the name originated from a supposed King Lud, who had allegedly taken over the city and named it Kaerlud. From 1898, it was accepted that the name was of Celtic origin and meant place belonging to a man called *Londinos. The ultimate difficulty lies in reconciling the Latin form Londinium with the modern Welsh Llundain, which should demand a form *lōndinion, from earlier *loundiniom. The possibility cannot be ruled out that the Welsh name was borrowed back in from English at a later date, and thus cannot be used as a basis from which to reconstruct the original name. Until 1889, the name London officially applied only to the City of London, two recent discoveries indicate probable very early settlements near the Thames in the London area

46.
Michelle Pfeiffer
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Michelle Marie Pfeiffer is an American actress, singer and producer. She began her career in 1978 and had her first starring film role in Grease 2. Her greatest commercial successes include Batman Returns, Dangerous Minds, What Lies Beneath and she received a third Oscar nomination for Love Field. Her other notable roles include The Witches of Eastwick, Married to the Mob, Frankie and Johnny, The Age of Innocence, Wolf. Pfeiffer was born in Santa Ana, California, the second of four children of Richard Pfeiffer, a contractor, and Donna. She has one brother, Rick, and two younger sisters, Dedee Pfeiffer, a television and film actress, and Lori Pfeiffer. Her parents were originally from North Dakota. The family moved to Midway City, where Pfeiffer spent her childhood and she attended Fountain Valley High School, graduating in 1976. She worked as a girl at Vons supermarket, and attended Golden West College where she was a member of Alpha Delta Pi sorority. After a short stint training to be a stenographer, she decided upon an acting career. She won the Miss Orange County beauty pageant in 1978, and participated in Miss California the same year, following her participation in these pageants, she acquired an acting agent and began to audition for television and films. Pfeiffers early acting appearances included roles in Fantasy Island, Delta House. In the meantime, I was playing bimbos and cashing in on my looks and she then landed her first major film role as Stephanie Zinone in Grease 2, the sequel to the smash-hit musical Grease. The film was a critical and commercial failure, and Pfeiffers single release of Cool Rider from the soundtrack on PolyGram failed to dent the music charts. Despite escaping the critical mauling, Pfeiffers agent later admitted that her association with the film meant that she couldnt get any jobs. Director Brian De Palma, having seen Grease 2, refused to audition Pfeiffer for Scarface, but relented at the insistence of Martin Bregman and she was cast as cocaine-addicted trophy wife Elvira Hancock. The film was considered violent by most critics, but became a commercial hit. Pfeiffer received positive reviews for her turn, Richard Corliss of Time Magazine wrote, most of the large cast is fine

Michelle Pfeiffer
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Pfeiffer in 2007
Michelle Pfeiffer
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Pfeiffer and her husband, David E. Kelley at the 47th Emmy Awards in 1994

47.
Paul Rudd
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Paul Stephen Rudd is an American actor, comedian, writer, and producer. He studied theatre at the University of Kansas and the British American Drama Academy, Rudd received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on July 1,2015. Rudd was born in Passaic, New Jersey to a Jewish family and his parents were born in the United Kingdom, his father from Edgware and his mother from Surbiton, both in London. Rudds parents are both English-born and Jewish, the familys original surname, Rudnitzky, was changed by his grandfather to Rudd. Rudd had a bar mitzvah ceremony, growing up he loved reading British comics, The Beano and The Dandy, which his uncle in the U. K. would send to him. When he was ten, Rudds family moved to Lenexa, Kansas and his family also spent three years living in Anaheim, California, because of his fathers occupation. Rudd attended Broadmoor Junior High and graduated from Shawnee Mission West High School in the class of 1987, Rudd then went to the University of Kansas, where he majored in theater. He was a member of the Sigma Nu fraternitys Nu Chapter there and he studied at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts/West in Los Angeles. Rudd spent three months studying Jacobean drama at the British American Drama Academy based in Oxford, U. K, while attending acting school, Rudd worked as a Bar Mitzvah disc jockey. Rudd made his debut in 1992 with the television drama Sisters where he played Kirby Quimby Philby. In 1994, he appeared in Wild Oats for six episodes, Rudd left Sisters in 1995 to then appear in the comedy film Clueless with Alicia Silverstone. He also appeared in Halloween, The Curse of Michael Myers, William Shakespeares Romeo + Juliet, The Locusts, Overnight Delivery, The Object of My Affection, and 200 Cigarettes. He was then in the 1999 film The Cider House Rules that earned him and he played FBI Agent Ian Curtis in Benny Chans 2000 Hong Kong action film Gen-Y Cops. In 2002, he was cast as Mike Hannigan on the sitcom Friends who dates and then marries Phoebe Buffay, played by Lisa Kudrow. In 2006, he appeared in episodes of Reno 911. as Guy Gerricault, the coach of a lamaze class. He guest-starred as a has-been 1990s rock star, Desmond Fellows, on the television series Veronica Mars and he subsequently worked with Apatow in 2007s Knocked Up, as frustrated husband Pete, married to Leslie Manns character. In that film, he co-starred with Jason Segel, Jonah Hill, Seth Rogen, Rudd appeared as uncredited cameos in Year One and Bridesmaids. In 2012, he starred and also co-produced with Apatow on the film Wanderlust with Jennifer Aniston and he starred in the comedy film This Is 40 with Leslie Mann, a spinoff from Knocked Up, which was directed and produced by Apatow

Paul Rudd
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Rudd at the premiere of Ant-Man in 2015
Paul Rudd
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Rudd (right) with I Love You, Man co-stars Jason Segel and Rashida Jones at the premiere in March 2009
Paul Rudd
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Rudd with his wife, Julie Yaeger, at the world premiere of Ant-Man in June 2015
Paul Rudd
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Rudd at the Hollywood Life Magazine’s 7th Annual Breakthrough Awards

48.
Variety (magazine)
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Variety is a weekly American entertainment trade magazine and website owned by Penske Media Corporation. The last daily printed edition was put out on March 19,2013, Variety originally reported on theater and vaudeville. Variety has been published since December 16,1905, when it was launched by Sime Silverman as a weekly periodical covering vaudeville with its headquarters in New York City, on January 19,1907, Variety published what is considered the first film review in history. In 1933, Sime Silverman launched Daily Variety, based in Hollywood, Sime Silverman had passed on the editorship of the Weekly Variety to Abel Green as his replacement in 1931, he remained as publisher until his death in 1933 soon after launching the Daily. His son Sidne Silverman, known as Skigie, succeeded him as publisher of both publications, both Sidne and his wife, stage actress Marie Saxon, died of tuberculosis. Their only son Syd Silverman, born 1932, was the heir to what was then Variety Inc. Young Syds legal guardian Harold Erichs oversaw Variety Inc. until 1956, after that date Syd Silverman was publisher of both the Weekly Variety in New York and the Daily Variety in Hollywood, until the sale of both papers in 1987 to the Cahners Corp. In L. A. the Daily was edited by Tom Pryor from 1959 until 1988, for twenty years its editor-in-chief was Peter Bart, originally only of the weekly New York edition, with Michael Silverman running the Daily in Hollywood. Bart had worked previously at Paramount Pictures and The New York Times, in April 2009, Bart moved to the position of vice president and editorial director, characterized online as Boffo No More, Bart Up and Out at Variety. From mid 2009 to 2013, Timothy M. Gray oversaw the publication as Editor-in-Chief, after over 30 years of various reporter, in October 2014, Eller and Wallenstein were upped to Co-Editors in Chief, with Littleton continuing to oversee the trades television coverage. This dissemination comes in the form of columns, news stories, images, video, Cahners Publishing purchased Variety from the Silverman family in 1987. On December 7,1988, Barts predecessor, Roger Watkins, proposed, upon its launch, the new-look Variety measured one inch shorter with a washed-out color on the front. In October 2012, Reed Business Information, the periodicals owner, PMC is the owner of Deadline. com, which since the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike has been considered Varietys largest competitor in online showbiz news. In October,2012, Jay Penske announced that the paywall would come down, the print publication would stay. A significant portion of the advertising revenue comes during the film-award season leading up to the Academy Awards. During this Awards Season, large numbers of colorful, full-page For Your Consideration advertisements inflate the size of Variety to double or triple its usual page count, paid circulation for the weekly Variety magazine in 2013 was 40,000. Each copy of each Variety issue is read by an average of three people, with a total readership of 120,000. Variety. com has 17 million unique monthly visitors, Variety is a weekly entertainment publication with a broad coverage of movies, television, theater, music and technology, written for entertainment executives

Variety (magazine)
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The Variety Building in December 2008.

49.
Death Defying Acts
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Death Defying Acts is a 2007 British-Australian supernatural romance film, directed by Gillian Armstrong, and starring Guy Pearce and Catherine Zeta-Jones. It concerns an episode in the life of Hungarian-American escapologist Harry Houdini at the height of his career in the 1920s and it was screened in a special presentation at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival. In 1926,13 years after his mothers death, illusionist Harry Houdini has begun debunking mystics, psychics and he offers US$10,000 to anyone who can quote his mothers dying words to him. Impoverished and uneducated Scottish con artist Mary McGarvie and her daughter Benji set their sights on Houdinis reward when he visits Edinburgh on tour and their only obstacle is Houdinis protective manager, Sugarman. Sugarmans main desire is to see Mary and Benji gone, they claim they will be gone for good once they secure the reward for finding out what Houdinis mother said to him on her death bed. Sugarman realizes he cant get rid of them as easily as he had hoped, Mary is caught trying to open Houdinis chest and covers up by saying she was just searching for something to channel the psychic energy of the deceased. Benji gets the key to the chest from Sugarman, when Mary and Benji fail to turn up any useful information, they turn again to Sugarman. He tells them that Houdini was out doing a show and missed seeing his mother before she died, when the time comes, Mary is unable to perform the experiment and attempts to leave. This could be interpreted as either a genuine seance or a very skillful, the McGarvies are awarded the $10,000. Mary is disgruntled because she believes Harry does not love her as she believed, when he says he does, they become romantically involved before Houdini leaves for his last performance, in Montreal. During his travels, he is climbing a set of stairs when a Red-Haired Prankster punches him in the stomach while he was not prepared, rupturing his appendix, eventually killing him. Robertson The film was shot on location in London and Edinburgh, Guy Pearce spent six weeks learning Houdinis tricks from magician Ross Skiffington. Magic consultant for the film was English magician Scott Penrose, Death Defying Acts earned $2,839,345 at the Spanish box office, $800,505 in South Korea, $713,741 in Australia and $608,455 in Mexico. It was on a limited release in larger markets such as the United Kingdom, Canada. The film received mixed reviews, with a 44% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, the APRA-AGSC Screen Music Awards of 2009 were issued on 2 November, by Australasian Performing Right Association and Australian Guild of Screen Composers at the City Recital Hall, Sydney. 2009 APRA Best Soundtrack Album win for Death Defying Acts by Cezary Skubiszewski, Myriad Pictures - Death Defying Acts Death Defying Acts at the Internet Movie Database Death Defying Acts at Rotten Tomatoes