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3

No: If a group has a countable generating set then it is countable. But there are uncountably many permutations of a countably infinite set.
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Tom GoodwillieNov 5 '11 at 1:13

1

And of course Tom's comment shows the general case, too (assuming AoC): a generating set of size $\omega$ gets you a group only as big as $\omega\cdot |\mathbb{N}|$.
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Steve DNov 5 '11 at 1:25

2 Answers
2

It seems clear that the answer to the first and third questions is 'no'. Indeed, if a set of generators $X$ is of infinite cardinality $\alpha$, then the group so generated cannot have cardinality greater than $\alpha$, since it is a quotient of the free group generated by $X$, which in turn is a quotient of the free monoid generated by $X\cup \{x^{-1}:x\in X\}$, and this free monoid has cardinality $\sum_{n\geq0}\alpha^n = \alpha$.

Well, to finish the claim, we need to check that the symmetric group $S_\kappa$ has cardinality $2^\kappa$ (the second question). This is certainly true: suppose given a well-ordering of $\kappa$. Then there are $\kappa^\kappa$ many permutations $f$ where $f(\alpha)$, for "even" $\alpha < \kappa$, is the least ordinal in the set $\kappa-f(\{\beta<\alpha\})$, and for "odd" $\alpha<\kappa$ is any element in $\kappa-f(\{\beta<\alpha\})$. ("Even" means a limit ordinal plus an even finite ordinal, and mutates mutandis for "odd".)