tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-29107102488330256732016-09-07T21:34:07.317-07:00Arnis' DesignsArnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.comBlogger102125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-31703053797374303232009-05-13T12:16:00.001-07:002009-05-13T15:33:11.458-07:00Drafting Projects<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtKRgxJNHI/AAAAAAAAAwA/0bF0kGASFis/s1600-h/combined+scans-15.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 130px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtKRgxJNHI/AAAAAAAAAwA/0bF0kGASFis/s200/combined+scans-15.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5335439848264774770" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtKM1g__TI/AAAAAAAAAv4/pEgVapBbC_E/s1600-h/combined+scans-14.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 130px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtKM1g__TI/AAAAAAAAAv4/pEgVapBbC_E/s200/combined+scans-14.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5335439767934860594" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtKEt1ZVoI/AAAAAAAAAvw/3OP8HrHCHbs/s1600-h/combined+scans-13.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 130px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtKEt1ZVoI/AAAAAAAAAvw/3OP8HrHCHbs/s200/combined+scans-13.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5335439628433970818" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtJ-FMKRyI/AAAAAAAAAvo/y5h6SXwrwFo/s1600-h/combined+scans-11.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 130px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtJ-FMKRyI/AAAAAAAAAvo/y5h6SXwrwFo/s200/combined+scans-11.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5335439514444384034" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtJ5KjX2BI/AAAAAAAAAvg/oJgZJBA-XrM/s1600-h/combined+scans-10.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 130px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtJ5KjX2BI/AAAAAAAAAvg/oJgZJBA-XrM/s200/combined+scans-10.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5335439429984573458" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtJ1u4fXEI/AAAAAAAAAvY/HHmF6VgEiqg/s1600-h/combined+scans-8.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 130px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtJ1u4fXEI/AAAAAAAAAvY/HHmF6VgEiqg/s200/combined+scans-8.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5335439371017346114" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtJxlD2qjI/AAAAAAAAAvQ/mHJV1tU6lno/s1600-h/combined+scans-7.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 130px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtJxlD2qjI/AAAAAAAAAvQ/mHJV1tU6lno/s200/combined+scans-7.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5335439299661179442" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtJtxIGbYI/AAAAAAAAAvI/tsjr3TB3LJo/s1600-h/combined+scans-6.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 130px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtJtxIGbYI/AAAAAAAAAvI/tsjr3TB3LJo/s200/combined+scans-6.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5335439234180738434" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtJpQ1edRI/AAAAAAAAAvA/oqMWWgwPNAU/s1600-h/combined+scans-5.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 130px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtJpQ1edRI/AAAAAAAAAvA/oqMWWgwPNAU/s200/combined+scans-5.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5335439156793210130" /></a>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-47214753685597117492009-05-12T18:51:00.000-07:002009-05-13T15:28:16.619-07:00Design Drafting<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtIdJqupLI/AAAAAAAAAuw/eC-dYItzvls/s1600-h/combined+scans-4.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 130px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtIdJqupLI/AAAAAAAAAuw/eC-dYItzvls/s200/combined+scans-4.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5335437849199027378" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtHiXj-FXI/AAAAAAAAAuo/cizbVtqIn2I/s1600-h/combined+scans-3.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 130px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtHiXj-FXI/AAAAAAAAAuo/cizbVtqIn2I/s200/combined+scans-3.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5335436839316493682" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtG5NSiD9I/AAAAAAAAAug/jg2by3ja_7I/s1600-h/combined+scans-2.jpg"><br /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtGzNys9rI/AAAAAAAAAuY/7Q582eLaQcE/s1600-h/combined+scans-1.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 130px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtGzNys9rI/AAAAAAAAAuY/7Q582eLaQcE/s200/combined+scans-1.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5335436029240080050" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtFI0VqIFI/AAAAAAAAAuQ/6qtBDQWFcvQ/s1600-h/arnis%27+grid.jpg"><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 130px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgtFI0VqIFI/AAAAAAAAAuQ/6qtBDQWFcvQ/s200/arnis%27+grid.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5335434201341239378" /></a><br /><div><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sgp054WOWrI/AAAAAAAAAt4/O0jYLZkw0e8/s1600-h/2009_0513kathlibrary0022.JPG"><span><span></span></span></a><br /><br /><div></div></div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-37019491542938743022009-05-12T07:46:00.000-07:002009-05-12T08:19:58.935-07:00Analytical Presentation of The Kathleen Clay Edwards LibraryThe Kathleen Clay Edwards Library opened on September 10, 2004. The library was named after its benefactor Kathleen Clay Bryan Edwards, a devoted philanthropist who donated 2.5 million To Piedmont Land Conservancy to protect Price Park. This land was previously owned by Jefferson Pilot and was sited for the company club house. Edwards’s donation was in honor of her grandparents Julian and Ethel Clay Price, founders of Pilot Life Insurance. Piedmont Land conservancy holds permanent easement rights on the perk to ensure that the land is always used as a passive park. The Greensboro parks and Recreation Department oversees the maintence of Price Park where the Library is located.(<a href="http://www.greensboro/">http://www.greensboro/</a> Libraries.com)<br /><br />This grand opening initiated the environmental focus of this branch. The event included a poetry reading from environmentalist and theologian Thomas Berry. Father Thomas Berry is considered an Ecotheologian. Also the T. Gilbert Pearson Audubon Society in collaboration with the city’s park and recreation department and the Piedmont Land Conservancy.<br />In the entrance/reception area of the library is a large cupola(a dome like structure with a polygonal base) the dome has a polygonal lantern with windows all around. This cupola is similar to the cupolas of ancient Roman temples which illuminate the space below. <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=2910710248833025673#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="">[1]</a>There is a mural of wild life and nature scenes on it with verses from Thomas Berry’s poetry which state that it is the responsibility of this generation to lead the next generation in learning about the earth and its inhabitants that we would be good stewards of the earth for the sake of the next generation to come. “That it takes a universe to educate a child”, “ It takes a universe to fulfill a child”. This is just one of the verses written on this oculus.<br /><br />In Thomas Berry’s latest work, The Great Work: Our Way into the Future, “Father Berry gives an historical perspective, with the environmental crises multiplying around the globe. Berry offers the alternative of deeply affirming the sacred quality of the earth”<br />To summarize briefly we as human beings should be good stewards of the earth and that<br />Everything on earth need not be tamed. We must learn to accept things in the wild as nature intended them to be that all living things have a purpose on earth. There is a huge<br />Conflict between developers and environmentalist. We should truly study the earth (nature itself and learn to live with it in it’s natural state that over developing the land is detrimental to all living things.<br />Kathleen Clay Edwards Library is the first environmental library in North Carolina with the soul purpose to educate the community about conservation of the earth. They have programs such as the master gardening program to teach about gardening and replenishing the soil. Just recently they had a Earth Day celebration. Every month the calendar is filled with activities for individuals as well as families to enjoy the outside<br />Area. This library is located on 93 acre Price Park. They have a bird and butterfly meadow, a reading garden, walking trails, ponds and wetlands. The Library has an extensive collection of nature gardening and environmental resources for children and adults. The architects for this building are Teague, Freyaldenhoven and Freyaldenhoven . (TFF) The architectures of this building ensured that the construction of the library was environmentally conscious and minimize the impact on the park. .A large red oak tree which was cut down was used in furniture items these were then auctioned to provide funding for the library. The library has many green building features including natural<br />cork flooring, carpet tiles made from recycled materials, and ply-bent wood chairs which use the most sustainable process in furniture making. Low flow toilets were installed and solar panels and a cistern system to collect rain water is used to maintain the gardens around the library grounds. The building that I compared my selection in this analysis is the Weissenhoff building in Stuttgart Germany built by Mies VanDer Rohe which was built on the international style in 1927. Other architects in the international style was Frank Lloyd Wright and Le Corbusier.<br /><br />1[1] The Stalin Report, leadership in energy and environmental design.<br />2. www. Greensboro/libraries.com<br />3.www. newbuilding.co “ A Sustainable life<br />4.www .Thomas Berry.com<br />5.www. Teague, Freyaldenhoven and Freyaldenhoven.com<br />6. Great buildings on line-Archiplanet.com<br />I also phyiscally surveyed the building and the grounds itself because the cistern system was not in existence at the time of the building being in construction. This was later added on by another company.Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-26300470903631850732009-05-07T09:40:00.000-07:002009-05-11T09:05:40.759-07:00TEN BEST THINGS THAT GUIDED MY DESIGN JOURNEY<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNbO3lG-sI/AAAAAAAAAtI/mEL0s_RZR_Y/s1600-h/arsl04_pritzker.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333206694732692162" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 166px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNbO3lG-sI/AAAAAAAAAtI/mEL0s_RZR_Y/s200/arsl04_pritzker.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><div><br /><br /><div><br /><br /><br /><div><br />Ten Best things that Guides my Design Journey:<br /><br /><br /><div><div><div><div><div><div><div>1. Egyptian Pyramids and any kind of Egyptian artifact. The Pyramids fascinate me. When I was a child in elementary school a student did a science project by putting bread under a pyramid shape and days later the bread was still fresh. It was preserved. I own an authentic Papyrus Egyptian painting.</div><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNa_14LejI/AAAAAAAAAtA/ym5jQNHrv78/s1600-h/national-shrine-immaculate-conception.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333206436577770034" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 172px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNa_14LejI/AAAAAAAAAtA/ym5jQNHrv78/s200/national-shrine-immaculate-conception.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div></div><br /><br /><div></div><br /><br /><div></div><br /><br /><div></div><div></div><div></div><br /><br /><p align="justify">2. The Immaculate Cathedral in Washington DC. Again my grandmother would take my cousins and I to this Cathedral on special occasions. There seem to be an aura of majestic peace and reverence when ever we visited this Cathedral .</p><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNGmg2xtyI/AAAAAAAAArw/AveAZpG_28U/s1600-h/090309_Deruta.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333184011205457698" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 90px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNGmg2xtyI/AAAAAAAAArw/AveAZpG_28U/s200/090309_Deruta.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div><br /><br /><div><br /><div>My Grandmother's dishes. My grandmother always set the table for evening dinner after breakfast so that all she had to do was serve dinner when my Grandfather came home.from work. I loved to see the pattern on the plate as I ate my dinner.</div><br /><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNKA3l3bBI/AAAAAAAAAsA/LAXG1IDTrTg/s1600-h/the_three_tenors__parrots_among_orchids.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333187762520026130" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 149px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNKA3l3bBI/AAAAAAAAAsA/LAXG1IDTrTg/s200/the_three_tenors__parrots_among_orchids.jpg" border="0" /></a></div></div><div><br /><br /><br /></div><div><div>I love animals all kinds but especially exotic birds, Macaws,Parrots, Parakeets, etc.<br />their feathers are so beautiful and colorful. They are such intelligent animals then again all animals are.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNV4i33aGI/AAAAAAAAAsI/ux3nFVlGhBw/s1600-h/massdome.png"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333200813658957922" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 178px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNV4i33aGI/AAAAAAAAAsI/ux3nFVlGhBw/s200/massdome.png" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_0">Amphitheaters</span>: I enjoy sitting outside in an <span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_1">amphitheater</span> listening to Music<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />love a cup of warm coffee in the morning.<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNXNJQlzZI/AAAAAAAAAsQ/nFEiJdKY2Is/s1600-h/image.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333202267072220562" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 62px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNXNJQlzZI/AAAAAAAAAsQ/nFEiJdKY2Is/s200/image.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNaBUlfX7I/AAAAAAAAAsw/RR9XLNvy6BE/s1600-h/product_thumb_2662.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333205362489122738" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 100px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 76px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNaBUlfX7I/AAAAAAAAAsw/RR9XLNvy6BE/s200/product_thumb_2662.jpg" border="0" /></a></div></div><div><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNZ1I_Wj4I/AAAAAAAAAso/85WXworcgNk/s1600-h/product_thumb_2772.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333205153217941378" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 100px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 94px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNZ1I_Wj4I/AAAAAAAAAso/85WXworcgNk/s200/product_thumb_2772.jpg" border="0" /></a><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNaBUlfX7I/AAAAAAAAAsw/RR9XLNvy6BE/s1600-h/product_thumb_2662.jpg"></a></div><div>I grew up with Danish modern furniture. My Mother had a fetish for good furniture. My Grandfather was from Denmark.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />I love the sea and Islands anywhere especially in the <span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_3">Caribbean</span>.<br />I love to travel and meet new people and places.<br /><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNZgH0WdFI/AAAAAAAAAsY/phazVcCRtrU/s1600-h/beach.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333204792126108754" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 119px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNZgH0WdFI/AAAAAAAAAsY/phazVcCRtrU/s200/beach.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNZp0J0m7I/AAAAAAAAAsg/rspYDApWq4U/s1600-h/image.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333204958646148018" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 125px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgNZp0J0m7I/AAAAAAAAAsg/rspYDApWq4U/s200/image.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></div><div></div><div><br /><br />So these are a few of the things that inspire my Design Journey. </div><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-51002333552800684622009-05-06T12:34:00.001-07:002009-05-11T08:51:04.515-07:00Coming full circleCommunity We had a party for the IAR community last week and I'm sorry I missed it. I could not get in at the gate because I came alone and left my phone at home and was unable to call someone to let me in. Bummer.<br />One of the notable aspects of critical regional reactions to imported Euro-American Modernism was the reaffirmation of community of creating environments for groups of people living and working together in ancestral traditional ways. pp 607 Roth<br />As far as Interior Architectural Design goes we are coming full circle in our now global economy. The world has become a smaller place to live. A Global community your neighbor may have been born anywhere in the world and for now the house next door may look like everyone else's on the outside but the interior will be of the culture from which they came. With the high level of immigrants into America and Europe people from Asia, Africa and the Middle East, and South America have a determinate influence on style of furnishings. For example people from the Middle East don't sit at a table to eat they sit in a circle on the floor. Many African countries still use their hands to eat with instead of table ware. People from Mexico and South America like to paint their homes in bright color that remind them of their homes were they came from. These are just some examples of change happening in American and European cultures. Since the 1990s with the rapid change in electronic communication and constant change in communication devices we are able to do business globally communicated with countries all at the same time. Do banking electronically. Work from home, go to school from home or even home schooling our children not attending a building except for the main home. Before 2008, the Housing market for the past forty years has been mainly healthy but now this is no longer so. The fall of the housing market has caused a financial crisis across this country and across the world. What will be the out come of this crisis with people all over losing their way of making a living.<br /><br />How does this effect architectural style we are already across major cities in the US cutting back on new construction of housing and most cities are in trouble finding funding to preserve historic homes. Some cities across the US are thinking about using for housing the huge van's shipped with goods from China that stay empty in stock yards in major cities .<br />According environmentalist it is a good low cost living structure that stays cool in summer and due to insulation between the panels warm in winter. Use and reuse /sustainable living? I agree with Patrick in class when he mentioned stewardship. Sustainability means good stewardship of what we have in natural resources, water, soil , food, housing and building. Many store front are going empty and homes all over the country are going into foreclosure meaning empty homes. What impact will this have on the near future. Even here in Greensboro N. C. I see beautiful homes up for sale by owner due to the staggering economy. Times are a little frightening today what impact will this have on the near future for us as Designers?<br /><br />Future designers will have to come up with inovated ways for housing, will we have communal homes like some in the 1960's. Will homes become smaller and close together? Will historic building be used for other purposes? Will there be a need for a School building if everyone communicates by electronic means? Who will be the new Designer to invent the best econological way to create housing that will be sustainable for 100's of years.in the future. As an older American most of us have cut down, cut back and realized that "less is more" from Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe.Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-36873315059488796852009-04-29T08:13:00.000-07:002009-04-30T06:06:32.933-07:00(Pair)ing Down<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SfmiPHdzQlI/AAAAAAAAArA/ivjNLhTwGSM/s1600-h/light+and+shadow+002.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5330470014555472466" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SfmiPHdzQlI/AAAAAAAAArA/ivjNLhTwGSM/s200/light+and+shadow+002.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><div><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SfjbWOHqdzI/AAAAAAAAAqw/kDhGFQp2Vco/s1600-h/scan0003.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5330251333786826546" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 143px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SfjbWOHqdzI/AAAAAAAAAqw/kDhGFQp2Vco/s200/scan0003.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div>Mediation/Celebration:<br />In our communications and Design class we were assigned first a window treatment that had to present duality and medication and celebration. We went through a process of twelve different drawing showing negative/positive,in/out,front/back,<br />dark/light and so on. We were allowed to use MDF board and paper or one other liner element. This project is now a continuation of another project that has to do with making a mediative.celebrative room out of the two offices on the first floor,room 118 and room 120. We had to get the dimenision of the room do a plan, plan elevation and three sections also reconstruct the room as one unit eleminating the middle wall choose to make the now office into a lounge for graduate students a place to relax mediate or sleep if need, as well as a mini public gathering place.<br /><br />In Interior Architecture class the Arts and Crafts designer were more mediative in their craft of furniture making it was well made but rather plain and sterile.It was comfortable and well made but not as exciting as the Art Nouveau designers like Victor Horta with his Winter Garden. Celebrative style of Art Deco or Contemporary American design of Frank Lloyd Wright with his etched class windows in the SC Johnson and Son Administative building in Racine Wisconsin.</div></div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-29785568266385746572009-04-22T13:43:00.000-07:002009-05-06T12:33:36.066-07:00Action Verbs:<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgHcQN8G4HI/AAAAAAAAArQ/XGbNS3dhyAE/s1600-h/fondo_03.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5332785604961165426" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 130px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgHcQN8G4HI/AAAAAAAAArQ/XGbNS3dhyAE/s200/fondo_03.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><div><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgHcGzO8UDI/AAAAAAAAArI/o_2pPd73CE4/s1600-h/banner_vamos_guggenheim.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5332785443173584946" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 167px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 105px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SgHcGzO8UDI/AAAAAAAAArI/o_2pPd73CE4/s200/banner_vamos_guggenheim.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div>Speculate: Neoexpresionist speculated that their designs would be accepted and approved by Stheir clients and the public in general. In 1995 Gunther Domenig exposes what seems to be a skeletal frame of crete piers and beams extending a trussed steel and glass mass that curves<br />as it reaches out extending each story as it rises, with a slender steel beam and diagonals reching out from the finisher structure as if it were unfinished. Two other well known were Bart Prince and Grank Gehry who were known as biomorphic expresionist.<br />Prince is know for the a house in Corona del del mar,made of combined concrete and wood in curved and faceted modules. Frank L. Wright was another biomorphic architect who used trapezoidal plan layout with angeld incorporating sheet metal and cyclone fencing with angluar roofing. One major problem was translating this design on drawings for the client to see. Then of cource the most famous is the Guggenheim Muesium. These two architects are more artists than anything else expressing their thoughts and ideas as to what a designed building should be</div><div>and getting their clients to buy into their ideas. </div><div> </div><div>In Design class we had to spectulate how to redesign our classroom windows for a place of duality and celebration. </div><div> </div><div>Compose: Art Deco designs were composed of geometric emphasis derived from Cubism.</div><div>This was avant-garde movement in painting from 1907 to 1914 led by Pablo Picasso and George Braque it meant to deconstruct the Renaissance form of representing three dimensions of a two dimensional surface. This new analysis of visual reality resulted in fragmented , angular forms known in Art Deco work. Art Deco artist looked beyond the European influence for their design they look at the East and Middle East Japan to Arabria for the exotic. Large pillows for the floor. platform mattresses bright bold colors in the room and woodwork a resemble</div><div> from magazines and plays . A while back we watched the movie a Mid-Night Summer's Dream and from this we composed a story about our artifact which followed to other related designs in our combined design classes this semester. One of our lastest assignments was how is a story like a design. </div><div> </div><div> </div><div> </div></div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-86398329055739984232009-04-16T17:50:00.000-07:002009-04-18T10:16:12.133-07:00Reflections<div>Origins of Modernism:<br /><br />Modern architecture started in the western hemisphere. This began to happen around the 18<span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_0">th</span> century with the onset of the industrial revolution. The modern era had little to do with any particular style but brought on by several revolutions. The modern movement came about with a world wide shift from authoritarian government to democratic republics. The economic change in the world of commerce and power of business corporations opened the door to a new class of people the wealthy and the middle class. The previous political power of the church began to greatly diminish. The reaching back to the great philosophers, and thinkers of the past and present, new thinkers, craft people, inventors. People began to open up their minds and hearts to new and expanded changes in their world. This was contrary to religious control over man.<br />This period was known as <em>The Age of Enlightenment</em>. Like a cancer,massive changes began to take place in Europe and Asia and the newly developed country of America. Changes in science attributed to better food production, better land management, better diets produced longevity in human race which caused the need for better housing and transportation. Scientific research in medicine to stop or control diseases. "Edward Jenner's vaccine against smallpox in 1796."Roth 440. Diderot a champion of the philosophies of France created and published the "<span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_1">Encyclopedie</span>"<br />a illustrated summation of knowledge which advanced the new social ideas.<br />People looked back at the Ionic Greek scientists who believed "the only knowledge one could be certain of was the one that could be demonstrated by scientific observation and measurement."<br />P.442 Roth.<br />Scientific discoveries in physics inspired by Isaac Newton and Benjamin Franklin showed that lighting was a form of electricity. Discoveries in chemistry, <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_2">Antione</span> Lavoisier who identified 23 chemical elements. The reshaping of social and political thinking such as that of John Locke, Baron <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_3">de</span> Montesquieu, and Jean Jacques Rousseau,(noted for instigating the French Revolution), along with the writing of the Roman republic history. This lead to the American colonies revolt against British rule and then to the Declaration of Independence. "<em><strong> that all men are created equal with certain inalienable rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness......"</strong></em><br />In reality these rights were for some people in the newly founded American, not for the native Indian Americans or for the African Slaves brought by force to the new country.<br />Were they not men too? OK this is for another period in America.<br /><br />Architecture homogeneity began to change during the Renaissance of the new humanist architecture which spread outside of Italy. During the 18<span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_4">th</span> century there was available a multitude of architectural choices. One factor that changed in architecture was from the fake to the real. Example are two churches St. Genevieve in Paris,and <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_5">Vierzehnheilgen</span> which was decorated with stucco carving and <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_6">scagliola</span> work from Baroque and Rococo illusionist. St. Genevieve was decorated with real marble the columns were not just decorative but served supportive function. The vaults were solid stone. When this church was finished it was turned into a mausoleum for great French heroes and renamed' <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_7">el</span> Pantheon" for France.<br /><br />Somehow through the periods of architectural changes Gothic, Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque and Rococo Architecture the formation and foundation of ancient Greek and Roman architecture had been altered and changed so it was practically unrecognized. There were no real drawings of ancient architecture or writings to explain ancient civilization. So during the 18<span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_8">th</span> century a art historian Johann <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_9">Jochim</span> <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_10">Winckelmann</span> (1717-1768) actually visited the excavation of Pompeii and then wrote a series of open letters explaining his findings. This led to his being known as the <strong><em>Father of Archaeology</em></strong>. <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_11">Winkelman's</span> writings were published the first was" <em><strong>Reflections on the paintings and Sculpture of the Greeks</strong></em>, and <strong>History of the Art of the Ancients</strong>. He is also known as the<strong> <em>Father of Art History</em></strong> due to his ability to formulate cultural factors and climate and politics to the development of his art.<br /><br />The English followed suit to the <span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_12">excavations</span> of Rome and Greece with James Stewart, and Nicholas <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_13">Revett</span>. In 1761 they published The Antiquities of Athens. France did the same thing<br />Jacques-Germain <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_14">Soufflot</span> (1713-1780). Therefore most of the European nations are returning to the ancient ruins to see what culture and architecture was really like in ancient times<br />In this time period architects wanted to get back to the basic elements of good design set by the Greeks and Romans but to <span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_15">incorporate</span> new functions. One example was <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_16">Etenne</span>-Louis <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_17">Boulee's</span><br /><span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_18">Centoph</span> built for Issac Newton based on the mausoleums of Rome. Another was the Salt Works at the Village of Arc and <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_19">Senans</span> in eastern France were he arranged a city surrounding the salt factory. <a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeoExjRup0I/AAAAAAAAAqg/uEpOTHJjKQw/s1600-h/Newton_memorial_boullee.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5326074758648735554" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 114px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeoExjRup0I/AAAAAAAAAqg/uEpOTHJjKQw/s200/Newton_memorial_boullee.jpg" border="0" /></a><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeoFywT9lpI/AAAAAAAAAqo/ctBqyz_V8e4/s1600-h/792px-France_arc_et_senas_saline_royal_main_building_1.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5326075878839260818" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 152px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeoFywT9lpI/AAAAAAAAAqo/ctBqyz_V8e4/s200/792px-France_arc_et_senas_saline_royal_main_building_1.jpg" border="0" /></a> The photo below is the administrative <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_20">HQ's</span> for the <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_21">Saltworks</span> the other drawing is the cenotaph of Sir Isaac Newton.</div><div> </div><div> </div><div> </div><div> </div><div> </div><div> </div><div> </div><div> </div><div>In summary the Western world began to reach back to <span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_22">antiquity</span> to find basic building blocks for the new society emerging through world wide revolts and changing <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_23">intelligencia</span>.</div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-81574575407815087482009-04-15T11:18:00.000-07:002009-04-17T03:16:42.030-07:00Opus: Road Trip<div>Roots: a source or origin<br /><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeZX04CXRQI/AAAAAAAAApw/ZH0tvBsp3Qg/s1600-h/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0066.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5325040175319303426" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeZX04CXRQI/AAAAAAAAApw/ZH0tvBsp3Qg/s200/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0066.JPG" border="0" /></a><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeZXDYd6pKI/AAAAAAAAApo/kuqO2cM8A5M/s1600-h/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0068.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5325039325031343266" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeZXDYd6pKI/AAAAAAAAApo/kuqO2cM8A5M/s200/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0068.JPG" border="0" /></a><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeZWXA8VM0I/AAAAAAAAApg/muPVHqwZY5w/s1600-h/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0072.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5325038562802217794" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeZWXA8VM0I/AAAAAAAAApg/muPVHqwZY5w/s200/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0072.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeZU8z-wR2I/AAAAAAAAApU/tIYwFEhBTSE/s1600-h/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0071.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5325037013134493538" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeZU8z-wR2I/AAAAAAAAApU/tIYwFEhBTSE/s200/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0071.JPG" border="0" /></a> <a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeZdTjupUJI/AAAAAAAAAqA/-XKtr1dMc7g/s1600-h/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0043.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5325046200001974418" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SeZdTjupUJI/AAAAAAAAAqA/-XKtr1dMc7g/s200/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0043.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />The word <strong>roots</strong> has many definitions but as used in Architect I believe it means when a design element became established or fixed in the history of design. As one style becomes the forerunner of another. For example the roots of Jefferson home in Monticello was designed on the Greek and Roman columns. Jefferson used the Ionic columns on his home and at the University of Virginia as well. While visiting I saw a few Corinthian columns too. Here are photos of the columns used at Monticello and UWV. Classmates getting camera ready. This trip was exciting.<br /><br />During the eigthteen century modern architecture took it's roots from various revolutions, starting with the democratic and industrial revolution. There was a shift against authoritiarian governance to a democratic /republic form of government. The revolt against church and state resulting in the power of the people to govern themselves. With scienfic investigation came the agricultural revolution a change in the way seed are planted and crop rotation which created greater yield and better production of food not only for people but livestock as well. People became healthier produced larger populations around the world. Medical investigation , Edward Jenner's investigation in 1750 produced a vaccine against small pox. With the expansion of the population a new type of architecture is need to house this population. Alone with this came the industrial revolution: transportation, mass production of goods, clothing, food and shelter.<br />This brought about the rise of the middle class. Revolts against monoarchical rule over the colonies in America resulted in the Declaration of Independence in 1776, written by Thomas Jefferson. .....That all men are created equal and endowed with certain inalienable rights to life, liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness..... </div><div><br /> </div><div></div><div></div><div></div><div></div><div></div><div>In my Design and communication we had material boards to comprize each student was given three words to research and collect information and present to the class. Below are three of my </div><div><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SehVShXqwKI/AAAAAAAAAqY/ZaO9AAQJ3xQ/s1600-h/2009_0415week0028.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5325600336049258658" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SehVShXqwKI/AAAAAAAAAqY/ZaO9AAQJ3xQ/s200/2009_0415week0028.JPG" border="0" /></a></div><div>material boards.<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SehQ6vEBUjI/AAAAAAAAAqI/oddkP6vFnvc/s1600-h/2009_0415week0031.JPG"></a> My words were silk, seagrass, and marble.</div><div> </div><div> </div><div>Materiality: In the nineteenth century the industrail revolution had a vast effect on first Britains society with the emerging new economy the population as a whole experienced new found wealth. Middle class people (bourgeoisie) wanted to show off their prosperity and emulate that of the upper class folks. People of this time followed Victorian style of decorating which proved to be too elaborate and excessive for the small homes and cottages they lived in. The more elaborate the home the more show of wealth and properity. Two books were written to show the average homemaker the proper way of decorating a home and other social skills one was Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management, England 1861. The other was E. B. Duffey's What a Woman Should Know, America 1871. John Ruskin took issue with the excessiveness of the Victorian style of materiality and wrote a book call the The Seven Lamps of Architecture, here he expressed his distain for the excessive cramming of things into a room to show wealth which really serviced little purpose and made the average person home life miserable because it cost so much to buy these thing the average family really could not aford. Ruskin promoted the simply style of cottage fashion which he believed was a much healthier way of living. Ruskin influence William Morris to start the Arts and Crafts Movement to get away from over production and mass produced furnishing. Simple lines and materials indigeious to the local was used to produce hand crafted furishings. Pp 7-13, Massey.<br />Even today with the way our economy is failing people are rethinking consummerism and materialism, using what they already own or replacing with second hand or antigues handed done from family. Excessiveness is no longer in vogue and people are returning to a simpler way of living just to survive these trubulent economic times.<br /><br />The key <strong><em>concept</em></strong> of the Arts and Crafts movement was the chair which was hand made and the joints were visible. It was believed that the more clearly express the construction the more honest the piece. This lead to the Antigue Movement in the late 19th century. William Morris founded the Morris, Marshall, Faulkner &amp; Co. foreshortened to Morris Co. where hand crafted quality furnishings were made. Morris inspired the Aesthetic Movement of the late 1860's and 1870's an alternative style of reformist design in Britain that influenced American design as well.<br />Other inspirations came from Japanese designs as well with their simply lines and blue and white porcelain articles and silk prints and laquered furnishings.<br />Books and magazines made it easier to share information with England and other countries and back to America again.<br /><br />The concept of <em><strong>compression and release</strong></em> was coined by Frank Lloyd Wright. In this design function he felt that stairs was a waste of space, therefore he made the stairwells very narrow until you reached the room which was wide open space. The last have of this semester has been in the compression and release mode. Having so much work to do in such little time I find compression and looking forward to when this semester ends will be the release I so much desire.</div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-31759148791205820532009-04-08T11:41:00.000-07:002009-04-17T03:26:54.656-07:00OPUS PROJECT:BETWEEN SILENCE + LIGHT<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sd1DQe-jMUI/AAAAAAAAAo8/_UI7LCnv_Yc/s1600-h/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0002.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5322484285094179138" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sd1DQe-jMUI/AAAAAAAAAo8/_UI7LCnv_Yc/s200/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0002.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><div><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sdz946OzGnI/AAAAAAAAAos/rfba8EKaQN8/s1600-h/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0083.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5322408013790911090" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sdz946OzGnI/AAAAAAAAAos/rfba8EKaQN8/s200/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0083.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><div><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sdz8kN3fsFI/AAAAAAAAAok/IXq5iYtANPo/s1600-h/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0133.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5322406558772998226" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sdz8kN3fsFI/AAAAAAAAAok/IXq5iYtANPo/s200/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0133.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sdzw_TkhDtI/AAAAAAAAAoc/wUWSnkv9pw0/s1600-h/aerial+view.jpg"></a>CRAFT: This past week-end we took a trip to Falling Water in southwest Pennsylvania's Laurel Heights. Here we visited the house that Frank Lloyd Wright built for the Edgar Kaufman family in 1936-37. This house was built on a small waterfall in a wood mountainous area fo Laurel Heights, Pennsylvania. It was exciting to see how this house was crafted out of the natural landscape part of the juting mountain became part of the houses structure. I notice that the stone fireplace in the living room was part of the outside rock cliff. I really enjoyed every bit of seeing Falling Water. Wright has even crafted the funishings in the bedrooms, living rooms, cabinets, and furniture. This house is constructed of verticals and hoizontals. The verticals being the supporting walls, which are made of gray lime stone. and the horizontals cantilevers are cast in reinforced concrete. Wright wanted to cover the cantelevers with gold left or a thin layer of aluminum but Kaufman rejected both ideas. They decided on ware earth tones. The craft in the home and furnishing are as geometric as the house itself making for more spaceious area. Windows everywhere made for a fresh spectacular veiw.</div><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sd0LWq6CdtI/AAAAAAAAAo0/Q8xxyZWRYq4/s1600-h/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0060.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5322422818724542162" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sd0LWq6CdtI/AAAAAAAAAo0/Q8xxyZWRYq4/s200/2009_0404FALLINGWATER0060.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div></div><br /><br /><div>Although we had visited Monticello first, in Virginia home of Thomas Jefferson. This house was built on the Palladian, Classical style home. Thomas Jefferson was also an inventer. He had made clocks and pulleys for opening and closing door. Monticello is a lovely looking home but I wonder how cramped it might have been with all the people who resided there. Thomas Jefferson was constantly finding ways to craft new inventions into his home, such as double payne windows in the dinning room. In the entranceway a clock that told the time of day and month of the year as well. Jefferson had sky lights nearly in every room of the house to bring in more daylight. One of the most unusual things about this house are the eliptical archways through out the house. This was my second trip to Monticello I remember visiting here as a child in Jr. High school.</div><br /><br /><div>The grounds were beautiful and I learned something new I did not know then that Jefferson hid his slaves underground as well as his servants. Thomas Jefferson was the 3rd US president. He is the author of the Declaration of Independence. He considered himself a yeomen farmer, promoted republicanism. He was also a horticulturist and inventor, also founder of the University of Virginia. He was also known as a lover of books. He is considered by some the greatest of US Presidents. </div><br /><div></div><br /><div>Public/Private: Falling Water was suppose to be a country retreat for the Kaufman family but so many people came to visit they had to build another out of the way home six miles away.</div><br /><div>Thomas Jefferson keep his personal life private it is believed he sired many children by a house servant slave. Although Wrights son lived with his parents he had his own personal private quarters. The outside and inside stair wells provided a privacy to the Falling Water house.</div><br /><div>Jefferson's bedroom was the only private room in the house at Monticello even though there were windows all around the room. The Portico in the Monticello home is considered a public place, here Jefferson like to show off artifacts from his travels and interest in his life.</div><br /><div>The guest house at Falling Water was above the main house giving the guest a private area and as well as the Kaufmans. </div><br /><div></div><br /><div>Technique: One of the techniques used in architecture of Falling Water was compression and release. Where Wright felt that a stair well was a waste of architectural space so he made these areas narrow and then when one finally reached a room, this area was open wide. Jefferson used a series of pulleys to operate the Great Clock he made and had place in the portico of his home.</div><br /><div>Jefferson also actually had an underground subway so to speak were slaves and servants went about their daily tasked unnoticed. The Arts and Crafts technique was to hand craft furnishes to the best quality rather than the new automated way with nearly no quality controls in place.</div><br /><div>The Arts and Crafts of American would use innovation of machines to make furishings one due to lack of workers but a high demand for furnishings for the middle class homes.</div><br /><div></div><br /><div></div><br /><div></div><br /><div>Language: Thomas Jefferson would speak seven different languages fluently. The language of the home at Falling Water was congruent with the environment it was built from. There is a horizontal and vertical congruentcy in the structual form of the house at Falling Water.</div><br /><div>Monticello was comprized of the elements surrounding the house, it was made in harmony with its surroundings. The windows and sky light let the out doors in all around Monticello the same is true for Falling Water as well. The elements to build the house were found locally except for the wood floor which came from North Carolina, North Carolina Walnut. Hardward for the doors and cabinets most likely came from local sources. Jefferson believed in separation of church and state and freedom of religion this is why quakers settled in this area. They believe in self sufficiency and making most the items needed for daily living. They craft furnishings for the home themselves and clothing, cook ware as well and utilities for cooking. We could see many of the old time hand crafts still available today as we stayed at the inn outside of Pennsylvania.</div><br /><div></div><br /><div>Virtual: One thing that I noticed in Falling Water was that everything was virtually proportional the furnishing fit exactly in the rooms. The closets were flush against the walls everywhere in the house everything had a specific place where it belonged. Wright did not like clutter and refuse to make room for it. The windows gave the illusion of not being incased as it was built to let more of nature in and not block light or fresh air of the mountain side and sounds from coming into the house. When the windows were opened at Falling Water it gave the feeling and sounding of virtual running falls into the house this was a beautiful sound to me I could really enjoy living at Falling Water. Mirrors and wall paper patterns gave a room a virtual sense of enlargement or closeness depending on the technique used. Mirrors can make the room seem larger while wall paper can make a room cozy and smaller depending on the pattern use. </div></div></div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-67140665545466192252009-04-08T03:55:00.000-07:002009-04-08T11:40:16.990-07:00Analytical Essay : Kathleen Clay Edwards Library<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sdzoy70ge7I/AAAAAAAAAoM/LWVyGkADmP4/s1600-h/Front+facade+KCEF+from+the+left.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5322384821394111410" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sdzoy70ge7I/AAAAAAAAAoM/LWVyGkADmP4/s200/Front+facade+KCEF+from+the+left.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><div></div><br /><div><br /><div><br />The Kathleen Clay Edwards Library opened on September 10, 2004. The library is named after Kathleen Clay Bryan Edwards,devoted philanthropist who donated $2.5 million to Piedmont land Conservancy to protect Price Park. This land was previously owned by Jefferson pilot and was the site for the company clubhouse. Edward's donation was in honor of her grandparents Julian and Ethel Clay Price, founders of Pilot Life Insurance. Piedmont Land Conservancy holds permanent easement rights on the park to ensure that the land is always used as a passive park. The Greensboro Parks and Recreation Deptment oversees the maintenace of Price Park where the library is located. (www. Greensboro Libraries.com) </div><div>The grand opening of the library on September 2004 initiated the environmental focus of the branch. The event included a poetry reading from environmentalist and theologian Thomas Berry and included hands on environmental "Discovery Day" sponsored by the T. Gilbert Pearson Audubon Society in collaboration with the city's park and recreation department and the Piedmont Land Conservancy.</div><br /><br /><div></div><div></div><div>The Kathleen Clay Edwards Library is located on a 98 acre Price Park which includes a bird and butterfly meadow, and a reading garden, walking trails, ponds, and wetlands. The Library has an extensive collection of nature gardening and environmental resources for children and adults. Bird and butterfly meadow is 2.5 acres of sloping hillside. Price Park is dedicated to Piedmont Land Conservancy. </div><div>Greensboro Parks and Recreation, Stormwater management and Piedmont Land Conservancy collaborated to use material called Grass Pave, an interlocking frid filled with gravel and soil and grass grown into it to create a surface that allows you to park, drive, walk on grass surface. It is made from recycled plastic and performs the function of asphalt or concrete, but with the aesthetics of a lawn while enhancing the environment. (www. Grasspave.com) This surface will reduce untreated rainwater runoff from flowing directly into the nearby creek.b This creek was previously eroded but with the help of the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement,and the City of Greensboro buffer plants have been planted and reconstruction to the stream for a more stable condition.<br /></div><div>This Library was built by Teague, Freyaldenhoven and Freyaldenhoven architects and planners of Greensboro, N.C. This firm ensured that the construction of the library was environmentally conscious and minimized impart on the park. A large red oak that was removed as part of the construction was used for furniture inside the library. The Library features some green building features, natural cork flooring, carpet tiles made from recycled materials and ply bent wood chairs which use the most sustainable process of furniture making. This firm focuses on classrooms, clubhouses, colleges and Universities, fire service facilities, public schools, medical offices, Nursing homes, facilities and warehouse/distribution centers.</div><div>The Green center features native landscaping, recycled building materials, recycling programs, water efficient landscaping, energy efficient lighting, and cork flooring. (Office of Environmental Education). ( Archiplanet.org)<br /></div><div>For more information I am looking at Greensboro City Government site, there isn't an awful lot of information on this type of Library made in the US. I believe that Greenboro NC is the first of it's kind and Elon University is in the process of following this type of building and environmental library on there grounds. <a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SdznYxplYQI/AAAAAAAAAoE/URTdIh_QUgw/s1600-h/Cupola+mural+5+x7.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5322383272475713794" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 143px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SdznYxplYQI/AAAAAAAAAoE/URTdIh_QUgw/s200/Cupola+mural+5+x7.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br />The one Architectural feature that this library has is a Cupola a domelike structure polygonal base dome with lights all around it in the center of the reading room area. This is simular to the domes of ancient Roman temples. The windows are perforated to give a illuminating effect to the space below. This is simular to the crown on the State Capital Dome in Washington DC. Other examples are the Pantaneon J. G. Sofflot, Paris France. (www. Leo Masuda's architectonic Research Site.<br /><br />List of Research Web Sites for this project:<br />EPA Environmental library, National Library for the Environment, www.Earth Portal, www.Eco Systems, The Slatin Report: Real Estate Intelligence, Renzo Piano, Gold Star for Leed Platimun Museum. Cupola's Hot Links to Architectural Design.<br />Great Buildings on Line, Archiplanet, Buildings and structure Galleries.<br />Articles: " Green House" New York Post . www. NYPOST.COM, ECO Building, www. Variety.com :A Sustainable Life" www. ruthlandherald.com </div></div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-90003839451186480822009-04-07T04:45:00.000-07:002009-04-07T20:15:13.405-07:00Shadow and Light<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SdtBuJMKwyI/AAAAAAAAAnk/X9fTQLRlrno/s1600-h/2009_0406FALLINGWATER0005.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5321919645665116962" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SdtBuJMKwyI/AAAAAAAAAnk/X9fTQLRlrno/s200/2009_0406FALLINGWATER0005.JPG" border="0" /></a>The photos below are the final results of my light and shadow project. This idea was taken from a bird's nest I found in my mailbox. At first I only had two rows of differently shaped sticks<br />so I went back to add a second layer to make more interesting. At different angles this artifact cast many shadows.<br /><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sds-xpIo-iI/AAAAAAAAAnc/4D7fhPUB-CY/s1600-h/2009_0406FALLINGWATER0001.JPG"></a><br /><br /><div><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sds-QBSKoRI/AAAAAAAAAnU/BK4l38WlPrE/s1600-h/2009_0406FALLINGWATER0005.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5321915829611831570" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sds-QBSKoRI/AAAAAAAAAnU/BK4l38WlPrE/s200/2009_0406FALLINGWATER0005.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><div><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sds9oirHMVI/AAAAAAAAAnM/ZH3uQyE-D1Q/s1600-h/2009_0406FALLINGWATER0008.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5321915151380066642" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sds9oirHMVI/AAAAAAAAAnM/ZH3uQyE-D1Q/s200/2009_0406FALLINGWATER0008.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><div></div></div></div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-37812914813081707102009-04-01T13:23:00.000-07:002009-04-01T15:29:32.169-07:00RE- Actions<div>Rotation: This week in Design class we had projects dealing with shadow and light.<br />last week we went on a nature hunt which I spoke of earlier. I found a bird's nest in my mail box. This was so appropriate because I was looking for an iterration for my project. I created<br />at first attempt, an abstract form made of cardboard showing shadow and light using cutouts and cardboard shavings for the birds nest with artificial glass stones representing all the rain we had lately. Well after I presented this, I needed to go back to the drawing board and re-think my design. So what I presented at class on Monday was much better. My plan at first was to bring in a design nearly in the same shape but at the 19th hour I decided to do something totally different using the same ideation. (Pictures to follow), I created a abstract design using the 1/4 in mpf by cutting into unusual design strips representing the twigs and leaves the birds picked up and put in my mailbox. I created a artifact which cast shadow and light any which way it was rotated. Many of my classmates had created unusual designs that actually rotated.This was a very fun project. After my first presentation I modified my design to cast better shadow and light.<br /><br /><br /><br />From my Design History class a form of rotation is Bernini's use of an oval to solve his design problem in the great piazza in front of Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome. "(After incessant vacillation between central and longitudinal plans, the final decision was made to extend the nave from Michelangel's east arm.) Roth 408. He divided the piazza into two parts the portion next to the facade being a trapezoid and the more distant portion an oval enclosed by curved Tuscan Doric colonnades focusing on two fountains where an Egyptian obelisk existed. According to Bernini<br />this represented the motherly arms of the Catholic church.<br /><em>In my reading I notice how major designers and architects keep rotating from one style of design to another examples: Gothic, Romanesques, Baroque, Rocco, etc ;and back to the basic of Greek and Roman orders. </em><em>Away from the principles of Vitruvisus and back to these basic principles of architectural design.</em><br /><em></em><br />The Arts and Craft movement was initiated by William Morris in 1860.<br /><br />Morris wanted to change standards of design from machine made furniture to hand made in the way of Gothic architecture was made by trained artisans. He believed in uncomplicated furniture design. His Red House ,the home he built was made of common read brick, and inside was wood stained moldings and built in wooden furniture and free-standing pieces modeled by medieval designs. Morris established a group of artisans to create furniture, tableware and other artifacts for the domestic home. P. 493 Roth. Frank Lloyd Wright and Charles Frances Annesley Voysey were greatly influenced by Morris.<br />Frank Lloyd Wright was connected to the American Arts and Crafts movement were he deviated from that of Englands Arts and Crafts movement with the inclusion of the Art and Crafts of Machines. <em>" the architecture of the future would out of necessity be built of machine formed elements; the modeen architect woul d be obliged to embrace the machine in every aspect of design." Roth 494</em> <a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SdPqgXWtwkI/AAAAAAAAAnE/OV9Gu0cuytU/s1600-h/dana3.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319853426600690242" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SdPqgXWtwkI/AAAAAAAAAnE/OV9Gu0cuytU/s200/dana3.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><em>I use to live in Springfield Illinois and visited a home built by Frank Lloyd Wight for </em><br /><em>The Dana Thomas house in Springfield Illinois. This home was built on the Pairie style design where he brought the outside in the building. I loved visiting this site which sadly to say is now closed due to lack of funds to renovate this historical home. This home was built in 1904 the ceilings were very low. I believe because people back in those days were very small people even the clothing show on the beds in the bed rooms were so tiny for adults today. No one I know could fit these articles. There was a library in the lower level and even a built in bolling alley for entertainment. Dana Thomas was a socialite of the day in those times. </em><br /><br /><em></em></div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-11941742851959311612009-03-26T21:05:00.000-07:002009-03-30T14:45:42.545-07:00Alternatives<p>The New Rome:</p><p>Change comes to the Roman Empire. Constantine becomes the Emperor of Rome after Diocletian abdicates the throne. Emperor Constantine relocates the entire Imperil City of Rome to a New Roman Empire call Constantinople. Under the influence of his Mother Helena,a devote Catholic, Constantine accepts the Christian religion founded by Jesus of Nazareth. A new religion sect among the Jews of Palestine took affect like wild fire across Rome, Greece, Asia Minor, North Africa, Egypt and then Europe. In just a century this religion was spread from twelve disciples to thousands and tens of thousands across the then know world. Do to the belief in Jesus the Christ( Son of God). Christianity comes to the Roman Empire. Even the year changed due to this Prophet, Man Son of God, to the Year of Our Lord. (Anno Domini). Roth 277.</p><p>Churches under the direction of Constantine began to develop all over the new Roman Empire. It is believed that due to Constantine's faith in Christ he was able to defeat the Persians who came to conquer the New Rome. Under the influence of his mother Helena, Constantine builds a Holy Roman Empire and the first Cathedral of Rome the Basilica of St. Peter. This church the largest of it's kind was built over the burial site of St. Peter the head of the new church of Christ. Before Jesus was crucified he commission Peter as the head of his church. "Upon this rock you shall build my church....and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it." verse from the Christian bible verse. This Basilica stands even today in the 21st Century. </p><p>Constantine took an active role in Church doctrine and policy. He became the new Vicar of Christ the Enternal King. Pagan religions were abolished or at least not to be publicly worshiped. Christianity becomes dominate. At first the early christians were persecuted for their faith and they had to hid to worship this all changed under Constantine. There was a council at Nicaea which resulted in the Nicene Creed a decree in which all Christians were to follow and even exist to this day. Later when the church becomes so powerful the christian church begins to persecute heretics or non believers. </p><p>The Basilica of Saint Peter of Rome is one of the largest basilicas in Rome. It is now called Vatican City. It is 90.7 meters long and 21 meters wide. This basilica forms a T resembling the cross on which St. Peter was crucified. The architect Zenobius is credited with this construction. Other churches are built through the New Rome now known as Constantinople. </p><p>The Visigoths coming from upper Europe, Hungary and Germany began to conquer the western half on the Roman Empire. The city of Rome is deviated in 410. The Visigoths moved out of Italy and settled in what is now France and Spain. The Ostrogoths from Russia settle in the Eastern part of Rome and this area becomes known as France. The Burgandians in the south establish an area called Britain. The Anglos and the Saxons from Denmark over run now Britain but the borders of Constantinople are protected from all of this movement and change.</p><p>Constantine builds a Mausoleum to his daughter Constantina. Due to all the vandalism in Europe, Monasteries began to be developed to preserve learning and writings. Monasticism is developed to protect and nurture classical literature and a new institution arises called Monastic copists. Groups of Monks began to organize into "orders "in southern Egypt.</p><p>Basil the Great establishes Monasteries in the East and Martin of Toures does the same in France. In the 6th century under Benedict of Nursia the Rule of Monasteries was established and monasteries began to crop up all over Europe. </p><p>The Emperor Justinian comes to power in 527. Under Justinian rule two major developments happened the codification of Roman law and the Church building. This code was an attempt to get rid of corruption in the government. The common people began to revolt against this rule and burned the city of Rome and a beautiful cathedral of Hagia Sophia.</p><p>The Hagia Sophia was a grand Byzantine Church one that Justinian was determined to rebuild. This church was built with the remains of Ancient Greek and roman pagan temples. This signified the use of re usable materials. This church was finished in 527 AD.</p><p></p><p></p><p>Justinian employs two experts in the theory of physics and statics to rebuild the church of Haga Sophia. Hagia Sophia was an achievement never before done not as large as the Pantheon but just as grand if not more. The dome of the Hagia Sophia elevated 120 ft in the air a cube surmounted by a dome. This was supposed to represent the Universe. It collapse again in 558 twenty years after completion. Constantinople is captured by the Ottoman Turks and the Hagia Sophia falls into Turkish hands and becomes an Mosque.</p><p>There is a shift in the Byzantine church, Eastern and Western Byzantine churches separate. The Pope of Rome is no longer Pope to Eastern Byzantine Churches . The Orthodox churches of the east expanded to Serbia. Bulgaria, and Russia.<br /></p><p>The Middle Ages becomes The Age of Enlightenment :</p><p>The Dark ages come and end with the rise of Charlemagne the Frankish Empire. A stable feudal system emerges. The Crusades against the Muslins were : Charlemagne reestablishes Centers of learning in the Frankish Kingdom. Monasteries began to flourish all over the west. They became liberies for ancient scared and pagan text.</p><p>The revival of Roman Architecture results in the construction of an Octagonal Chapel on the Byzantine church of San Villae in Ravanna. This was designed by Odo of Metz built of cut stone and central vertical space covered with a stone vault. Domestic construction began wood framed homes Manor homes. </p><p>Charlemage of France becomes the next emperor. He is against Iconlastics in the churches and has them removed and replace with crosses and foliage. He believes that too much attention is put on decorating the churches, that this might have something to do with the problems in the Byzantine church. One of the oldest drawings to survive the Middle Ages was the Plan by Abbot Haito of the monastery of Saint Gall. Monasteries were used as hotels for travelers. </p><p>The Architect of Islam: Byzantine Empire lasted 900 years after Justinian's reign . A new religion is preached by a prophet Muhammad, in Mecca. This religion spread across Arabia, Persia, Syria,Palestine, Egypt, North Africa and Algeria in the west. Then to Pakistan and Hindu Kush in the east. Christians were allowed to practice their religion as long as they paid taxes. Islamic Architect brought mosaics and vibrate colors to their buildings. The domes of the mosque were spherical, smooth, with colorful glazed tiles.</p><p>High Middle Ages: The Romanesque churches had round arches, massive vaulted naves and very little light. Gothic Architecture is invented in 1141 for Suger, abbot of the monetary of Saint -Denis a small town next to Paris. He and his team integrated a number of improvements in late Romanesque church architecture by including pointed arches and rib vaulting. Gothic architecture was physical, assertive, had a positive disposition on the here and now. While Romanesque period focused only on the here after.</p><p>This period a joy in human existence coincided with the adoration of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of God. She exemplified womanhood and raised respect for woman and motherhood. </p><p>In 1066 Normandy conquers England which develops into the 100 Years War from 1337 to 1457. This marked the end of the Middle Ages. A new economy develops from the end of the crusades or because of it, one is the growth of cities and trade. Agriculture and woolen cloth was a very important industry in England, Flanders and Italy. A new class of people derives from this the French called Bourgeois, (city dwellers). This new class of merchants, bankers began to rival the nobility and clergy. They began to be able to build homes of their own and not just keep funding the development of churches. </p><p>The Middle Ages end after the Black plague and a great famine kills over 2/5th of Europe's population. </p><p>Renaissance Architecture: During the renaissance period there was a return to the classical orders. This period was characterized by harmony, clarity and strength. A revival of linking the old standards with the new. An interest in antiquity, literature, philosophy and mathematics. Urban planning became important. Filippo Brunelleschi brought back the Greek and Roman style of building architect. He developed a basilica design with the plan in which squares of the crossing was the module repeated to make a Latin cross. Basilicas were based on Corinthian style arcades. Merchants families began to build homes for the urban life. </p><p>The city of Florence created a new form of domestic architecture. Shops were on the first level and living quarters were upstairs. Brick was widely used in these structures. St Peter's Basilica in Rome is rebuilt. The designer Donato Bramante using the old corthinian orders reinterpreted the circular temple for , constructing a peristyle around the central sanctuary. A hemispherical dome covers the interior as in the Pantheon. Andrea Palladio brings back the classical elements of the column, entablature, pediment and the arch.</p><p>Doric order columns dedicated to St. Peter and also included emblems of the papacy on the metopes of the frieze. Some of the other architectural builds of this time were: Palazzo Farneses, Rome, Library of Venice, Venetian Palaces, Palazzo Cihiericati, Vicenza. By the 16th Century Rome had become the center of power and princes of the church. These are the works of Andrea Palladio. </p><p>Baroque and Rococo Architecture come into being in the 17th and 18th CE.</p><p>Baroque church in Roman was created by Ignatius Loyola. The church of Gesu Rome. Loyola founded the order of the Jesuits ( Society of Jesus). Symbolic and well as illusionist schemes were used to play on the emotions as well as the intellect of the parishioners. A new style of architecture was used based on repetitions and distortion of the classical Renaissance motifs. Broken pediments, giant orders, and convex and concave walls were used by baroque architects. Bernini, and Gorromini were commissioned to remodel older palaces. They used open loggias, grand staircases and emphasis on entrances. Painters and sculptors adorned the architecture with great fresco cycles. </p><p>In France King Louis XIV has the Chateau de Versailles rebuilt. The palace and gardens of Versailles was developed in different phases from the 17th to 18th century. Major sculptors and painters of the day were employed to make this undertaking a "Monarch Triumphant" Urban Villa's are created, the development of Hotels where the interior was based on the decorative style of Versailles.</p><p>In the 17th century London is nearly burned down in the Great Fire of London 1666. Acts were passed to rebuild the city. Christopher Wren was the architect to redesign the city. He used inventive barogue soluctions involving distortions and adaptations. Among his work was Trinity College Library, Cambridge, England, St. Jame's Piccadilly, and St. Paul's Cathedral.</p><p>Rococo Style was a decorative movement that developed in the early 18th century. In the hotels of Parisian nobility the style came from the rich decorations and ornamentations of Versailles. Designers of this style based their architecture on more intimate scale and comfort. Rooms were arranged by decorating them with light, colorful and playful schemes in panels and door frames that disappeared in the walls. Walls merged with the ceilings. A few Rococo style churches were St Paul and St. Louis in Paris. Germany used this style more than France. </p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p>In England in the early 18th century a movement to "national taste" came into the arena. This was about the reforms that Inigo Jones and Palladio used to get away from the extravagant "deformities" of baroque architecture. Inigo Jones changed English architectural ideas with the theories that Palladio wrote in his "Four Books of Architecture" . This was a revival of the classical thought. The appeal of Palladio's treatise was a proportional system of orders, based on careful study of the ruins of antiquity. Palladio used the work of Vitruvius to establish his "Four Books of Architecture". </p><p>Some of Inigo Jones works are the Queens House, Greenwich, England, and the Banqueting House at Whitehall.</p><p>In the United States in the mid 18th century Thomas Jerrerson uses Palladian's treatises to create his home in Monticello, Virginia. This was a two story house with a portico detailed from Palladio's designs of the Doric and Ionic orders. Later Jefferson remodels the house with French republic details.</p><p></p><p></p><p></p>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-68754710508464616942009-03-25T12:59:00.000-07:002009-03-27T00:10:48.227-07:00Grammar:SyntaxRevisions: The Renaissance period was a period of <em><strong>revisions</strong></em>. <em>Gothic architecture was being rejected by the Italians. They thought of Gothic Architecture as crude and barbaric, uncivilized. The Florentine Italians began to revisit the age of antiquity of Rome and Greece.</em><br /><br /><em>They believed that human history was not divinely ordained as Christendom had taught during the period called the dark ages. This was a period of new architecture built and designed around mathematical science and scientific interpretation. This was a time when the thinking artists, architect, sculptor, inventor began to break away the the dominance of the Roman </em><em>Catholic church. This new architecture concept of mathematical clarity and rationality in the Divine of the Universe. Roth 353 </em><em>Renaissance artist firmly adhered to the Pythagorean concept " ALL is Number." Architecture </em><em>is considered a mathematical study which works with spatial units where laws of perspective was discovered... (Rudolf Wittkower, Architectural Principles of the Age of Humanism. 1949 </em><em>re quoted from Roth p.353.</em><br /><br /><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScqwQZxn2RI/AAAAAAAAAm0/1e0daeWglHY/s1600-h/Spedale_degli_Innocenti.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5317256105907706130" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScqwQZxn2RI/AAAAAAAAAm0/1e0daeWglHY/s200/Spedale_degli_Innocenti.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><p>This new architecture was represented by Filippo Brunelleschi's Foundling Hospital in Florence Italy. This building was based on Roman sources governed by the arrangement fits parts and proportional systems. This was an example of architecture based in human intellect not conveying religious dogma but to provide for the human needs. This was a hospital that catered to orphaned children.</p><br /><p>Renaissance was a time when man began to look at the artisan as a Humanist Scholar. Works of the ancient scholars began to be revisited, Cicero, Virgil, Greek thinkers and philosophers Plato and Aristotle. This generation of scholars were not interested so much as to how the "Church" wanted them to think and see the world about them. They wanted to see the world through their own eyes, mind and thought. The appreciation of natural landscape was on of the important contributions of the Renaissance. </p><br /><p>As this relates to my study of History of Architecture, in Communication Art class this week we took a nature walk and looked for natural elements that related to us as individuals as we walk this journey through our lifetime. We all had to write a story that was important to us as individuals and then from our finding create a abstract design that represented this story or important moment in our lives. I chose the story about the birth of my first child, my daughter Lena.The memory of the birth of my first child was one of the most memorial times of my life. This time of year being spring I thought of the renewing of the earth a rebirth. A time when all things become new again.</p><p>I found yellow daffodils growing along the edge of the grounds of my back yard and choose this as a iteration for my new project. We are using MDF 1/4 material to create a light abstract design. This takes some thinking about how to work with this material to make a structure that is of good craft, to scale, showing original thought relating to light, balance, and relate to our vision of our story. An unusual thing happened this past Sunday. I don't always check my mail. I noticed on Friday there were sticks in my mail so I picked them out and threw them on the ground. Well, Sunday morning I went to check my mailbox before leaving the house an a whole birds nest was in my mail box what a inspiration for rebirth how appropriate.<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scqr3cecmKI/AAAAAAAAAmk/yODFPaN6IyQ/s1600-h/scan0015.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5317251279089342626" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 146px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 200px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scqr3cecmKI/AAAAAAAAAmk/yODFPaN6IyQ/s200/scan0015.jpg" border="0" /></a><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScqtYoRcRPI/AAAAAAAAAms/XtkFkzhsV80/s1600-h/2009_0322spring0049.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5317252948703331570" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScqtYoRcRPI/AAAAAAAAAms/XtkFkzhsV80/s200/2009_0322spring0049.JPG" border="0" /></a></p><br /><p><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5317247560872511250" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 160px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 200px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScqofBCeRxI/AAAAAAAAAmM/1shHVohne1Y/s200/scan0014.jpg" border="0" /></p><br />These are objects of my inspiration for my project in Design Communication class. In Design drafting class and Communication Design class this week we are studying perspective drawing we are drawing to scale a room with furniture.<br /><br /><br /><br />Brunelleschi creates the Dome of Santa Maris Della Flora using methods of study from ancient Rome in the creation of the Pantheon. He later created this dome in two parts a dome inside a dome. Nothing had ever been created before like this. The most striking part of this dome was the lantern he designed to cover the top of the dome. Vitruvius is revisited the architectural bible for the new generation of humanist patrons and architects was the Ten Books of Architecture. Ideal proportioned forms were derived from ideal geometric forms by straight lines and circles as well as solids created by these forms in three dimensions. (Plato called these forms "eternally and absolutely beautiful" p.359 Roth<br /><br /><br /><br />Vitruvius believed that ideal system of proportion can be found in the human body. Also he described hoe platonic Philean shapes, the square and the circle are incorporated in the proportions of the human body. ( In drawing class we had to draw our designs to scale using the human form.) Even in drafting class we a drawing furniture which uses circles and squares-geometric forms.<br /><br /><br />Renaissance architects sought clearly expressed numerical relationship in their designs. They used Pythagoras theories. "Galileo Galiliei said that it was impossible to understand the "book"<br /><br />of creation if we do not learn the language grasp the symbols in which it is written" This book is written in mathematical language, and the symbols are triangles, circles and other geometrical figures. " I would consider this <strong><em>datum</em> </strong>a set of written rules for the creation of design.<br />Leonado Da Vinci 's drawing of the ideal Vitruvian Man, 1485-1490 the form of the human body contained with the essence of the ideal form. ( The perfect geometry of circle and the square) as well as ideal proportional relationships. p 360 Roth.<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScrRGBUKF9I/AAAAAAAAAm8/pZeZHbXKszw/s1600-h/scan0016.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5317292211426695122" style="FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 145px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 200px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScrRGBUKF9I/AAAAAAAAAm8/pZeZHbXKszw/s200/scan0016.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br />Image of Vitruvius Man in perfect proportions.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Vitruvius also inspired Leon Battista Alberti 1404-72 to write the first architectural treatise of the Renaissance. The most important to him was the layout of interiors. In our Design class this week we are learning about the layout of the interior of a room. Andrea Polladio 1508-80 used pure architectural term in spatial relationship. Yet it's said he often broke his own rules. Fundamental to the Renaissance theory of beauty was the theory that spatial movement within spaces was enhanced by calculating mathematical ratios. Part of the equation was based on a measure of the human body, the module and multiples of it thus determining the proportional relationship. This system affects both real and fictive architectural space with in a defined scale proportion of the room.<br /><br />We come to the English Renaissance 1500-1600 when King Henry VIII revised the control of the Catholic Church of Rome over England. After The pope of Rome refused to sanction the annulment of the Kings marriage to Catherine of Aragon the widow of his brother and then his marriage to Anne Boleyn King Henry VIII was excommunicated from the Church. He then made himself Papel of the Church of England. There was a major <em><strong>transition</strong></em> in Church control of government and Monarchal government. The consequences of this move dissolved the properties of the Monasteries and were sold to private families. The monasteries were transformed into palatial residences. Since secular interest cause professional men, wealthy men began to finance the building of their own homes and furnishings. Due to the emancipation of the laity education became a priority. Libraries were added to buildings by the end of the 16th Century. Henry VIII invited the Italian artisans to introduce renaissance to England.<br /><br />Only minor changes were made in furniture design the main interest was on comfort and display. Homes were sparsely furnished some with multi functional. Example was the chair/table where the back of the chair served as a table top when folded down rested on arms parallel with the floor. The chest was designed for storage of valuables, linens and clothing was occasionally used for a been to table. This is the same usage for today's 21th century time. People still use chest as coffee tables and storage for valuables. Chairs, benches, stools, and settles were the primary types of setting. A special chair for the Lord of the manor as he presided over activities was the wainscot chair. This was a open armed chair in which the armrests extended beyond the arm support ending in a swirl.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><p></p>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-5601275540427044662009-03-23T00:53:00.000-07:002009-03-23T01:39:13.660-07:00Elements of Design....every living thing needs a homeWe're doing a new project on things found in nature could this be a coincidence right at my front door. I might have to get a new mail box for my mail.<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScdCEZcCCQI/AAAAAAAAAks/D8QNXjDfTGM/s1600-h/2009_0322spring0049.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316290528449530114" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScdCEZcCCQI/AAAAAAAAAks/D8QNXjDfTGM/s320/2009_0322spring0049.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div><br /><div><br /><div><br /><div align="left"><br /><div>Woke up this morning to find something other than mail in my mail box. Oh oh either my mail has to find a new place or the birds do....Humm<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScdA3TWz1gI/AAAAAAAAAkk/OLhuGO4UNXM/s1600-h/2009_0322spring0048.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316289203967088130" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScdA3TWz1gI/AAAAAAAAAkk/OLhuGO4UNXM/s320/2009_0322spring0048.JPG" border="0" /></a> <img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316298981194689682" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScdJwaXhbJI/AAAAAAAAAlc/AjRr8j1y9fM/s200/2009_0322spring0035.JPG" border="0" /><br /></div></div></div></div></div><br /><br /><p align="center"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScdFXy95F7I/AAAAAAAAAlM/xYxMfV-nwaI/s1600-h/2009_0322spring0033.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316294160254834610" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScdFXy95F7I/AAAAAAAAAlM/xYxMfV-nwaI/s200/2009_0322spring0033.JPG" border="0" /></a></p><br /><p><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316293580824710690" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScdE2Ea_DiI/AAAAAAAAAlE/rLacOXBT-bM/s200/2009_0322spring0038.JPG" border="0" />"Spring is eternal " author unknown. </p><br /><p>"A little maddness in Spring is wholesome even for the king" Emily Dickerson</p><p align="left"></p><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316295126990676130" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScdGQEVrYKI/AAAAAAAAAlU/CpvS6oy1fA8/s200/2009_0322spring0032.JPG" border="0" />Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-48394530053055497922009-03-20T01:26:00.000-07:002009-03-20T08:56:51.114-07:002nd Choice Buckmister Fuller...Geodesci domeR. Buckmister Fuller's Geodome home in Carbondale, Ill from 1960 to 1971.<br /><div><div><div><div><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScNYQ0sJjuI/AAAAAAAAAic/Tby5-CmJ_-A/s1600-h/buckysdome.png"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315189031272287970" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 276px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 181px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScNYQ0sJjuI/AAAAAAAAAic/Tby5-CmJ_-A/s320/buckysdome.png" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScNUrJF85VI/AAAAAAAAAiU/wuPT9TJeGQU/s1600-h/300px-Epcot07.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315185085379306834" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 300px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 226px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScNUrJF85VI/AAAAAAAAAiU/wuPT9TJeGQU/s320/300px-Epcot07.jpg" border="0" /></a><br />The photos above are pictures of Buckmister Fuller's geodesic dome the Epcot in 1967 and The Buckydome home of Buckmister Fuller and his wife Anne. </div><div>R. Buckminster Fuller spent much of the 20th Century looking for ways to improve human shelter by: Applying modern technological know-how to shelter construction. Making shelter more comfortable and efficient, and Making shelter more economically available to a greater number of people. (quoted from the Buckmister Fuller Institute.org.)</div><br /><br /><br /><br /><div></div><br /><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315194070400528770" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 218px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 135px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScNc2I58cYI/AAAAAAAAAis/7dzlloHQr9o/s320/page10++domes.gif" border="0" /><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315193913707067026" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 200px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScNctBLT9pI/AAAAAAAAAik/Tdp-tIS_g2o/s320/geo+domei.gif" border="0" /> The diagrams above should how a geodeic dome can be constructed.<br /><br /><div><br /></div><br /><br />A dome at Santa Monica Pier, Santa Monica, California Nov. 2005. Mass ensemble and o2 Creative solutions present show inside a musical geodesic dome. <img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315194218470002434" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 178px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScNc-wgdTwI/AAAAAAAAAi0/j3XdXusuTKw/s320/massdome.png" border="0" /><br /> The ChicagoTribune is featuring an article about the Chicago Architectural club getting ready to present a exhibition presenting ideas and philosphy- Buckmister Fullers dome. MCA's show on Buckminster Fuller opens window into inventor's creative mind. " Do more with less," Fuller preached, in contrast to Ludwig Mies van der Rohe's mazim of "less is more".<br /><div>"Buckminster Fuller Staring with the Universe" which opens Saturday at the Chicago's Museum of Contemporary Art. </div><div><br /></div><div> </div><div><ol><li>My objective in featuring Buckmister Geo-dome is to give a brief history on the man and his invention,</li><li> Show examples</li><li> Draw a plan and views of the Geodeic Dome and a scale model.</li><li>Show how this type of architectural style can be used today.</li><li>I am presenting two different projects for your approval.<br /></li></ol></div></div></div></div></div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-61599125840651125622009-03-19T23:51:00.000-07:002009-05-08T08:45:25.008-07:00Kathleen Clay Edwards Library Analytical Draft<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScM_duwgafI/AAAAAAAAAh0/cFL98-ti04A/s1600-h/Front+facade+KCEF+from+the+left.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315161765227555314" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScM_duwgafI/AAAAAAAAAh0/cFL98-ti04A/s320/Front+facade+KCEF+from+the+left.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScM-uZhSOtI/AAAAAAAAAhs/Ptf7Dx1NkoI/s1600-h/PICT0062+5+x+7.jpg"><span style="font-size:0;"></span><span style="font-size:0;"></span></a>The Kathleen Clay Edwards Library is located in the 98 acre Price Park, which includes a bird and butterfly meadow, and reading garden, walking trails, ponds and wetlands. The library has an extensive collections of nature, gardening and environmental resources for children and adults. Bird and butterfly meadow is 2.5 acres of sloping hillside. Price Park is dedicated Land Conservancy <span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_0">members</span> Jean and Bob <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_1">Mccoy</span> and Carolyn and Don Allen.</div><br /><br /><br /><div>Greensboro Parks and recreation, <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_2">Stormwater</span> Management, and Piedmont Land Conservancy collaborated to use material called <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_3">GrassPave</span>, an interlocking <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_4">frid</span> filled with gravel and soil <span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_5">and</span> grass grown into it to create <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_6">pervious</span> parking surfaces <span class="blsp-spelling-corrected" id="SPELLING_ERROR_7">near the</span> meadow. This surface will reduce untreated rainwater runoff from flowing directly into the nearby creek. This creek was previously eroded but with the help of North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement, and the City of Greensboro buffer plants have been added and reconstruction to the stream for a more stable condition.<br /><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315169969718182914" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 309px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScNG7S3gRAI/AAAAAAAAAh8/F5qsGB9aUq8/s320/architectural+back+view+exterior.jpg" border="0" /><br /></div><br /><br /><br /><div>Above show the south end of the building and a draft drawing of the building. This Library was built and opened in 2004. <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_8">Teague</span>, <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_9">Freyaldenhoven</span> &amp; <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_10">Freyaldenhoven</span> architects and planners of Greensboro, N C. constructed this building and site.<img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315175390650507682" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 247px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScNL21afIaI/AAAAAAAAAiE/AyKAvFGFAB8/s320/architectural+images+1.jpg" border="0" /></div><br /><br /><br /><p><br />Spacious reading room for children and a patio on the southeast side of the building. Floor plan of the building and various views picture below.<img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315179879603238882" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 246px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScNP8IEN9-I/AAAAAAAAAiM/JDEI-wFBCvU/s320/floor+plan.jpg" border="0" /></p><br /><p></p><ol><li>This is just an overview of how I plan to present this Environmental Library.</li><li>The construction plans</li><li>Why was it built</li><li>Who were the architects and what kind of work have they previously done</li><li>What makes this library different from other libraries in the county or country.</li><li>A plan drawing and elevated drawing of the building will be presented.</li><li>Also a scale model of the building and the surrounding area.<br /></li></ol><p></p>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-37179885785686758642009-03-19T14:09:00.000-07:002009-03-22T20:20:19.218-07:00Drafting drawings<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb-_WzhAFI/AAAAAAAAAkc/YZBLWbVwURg/s1600-h/Fedex+Office+5.jpg">The following are different view of Pat's chair <img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb-_WzhAFI/AAAAAAAAAkc/YZBLWbVwURg/s320/Fedex+Office+5.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316216774564315218" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb-xWGdFJI/AAAAAAAAAkU/jvXpvLnBT6s/s1600-h/Fedex+Office+7.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 241px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb-xWGdFJI/AAAAAAAAAkU/jvXpvLnBT6s/s320/Fedex+Office+7.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316216533857146002" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb-IrgwPxI/AAAAAAAAAkM/ElP-fT-qtho/s1600-h/Fedex+Office+6.jpg">Drawing of an pencil<img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb-IrgwPxI/AAAAAAAAAkM/ElP-fT-qtho/s320/Fedex+Office+6.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316215835229962002" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb9r7PXmpI/AAAAAAAAAkE/pve6HF_xFbs/s1600-h/Fedex+Office+5.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb9r7PXmpI/AAAAAAAAAkE/pve6HF_xFbs/s320/Fedex+Office+5.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316215341235804818" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb9etttZGI/AAAAAAAAAj8/IlqkNEgIoHA/s1600-h/Fedex+Office+5.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb9etttZGI/AAAAAAAAAj8/IlqkNEgIoHA/s320/Fedex+Office+5.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316215114266666082" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb9FHwEFfI/AAAAAAAAAj0/79l6l3oE_Ps/s1600-h/Fedex+Office+4.jpg">Scale figure and scale of Pat's desk/chair<img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb9FHwEFfI/AAAAAAAAAj0/79l6l3oE_Ps/s320/Fedex+Office+4.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316214674579265010" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb7nXtsbGI/AAAAAAAAAjs/zL88ZX36yxM/s1600-h/Fedex+Office+3.jpg">Crit Room 3rd floor plan<img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 250px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb7nXtsbGI/AAAAAAAAAjs/zL88ZX36yxM/s320/Fedex+Office+3.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316213063956589666" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb7L-3Y4vI/AAAAAAAAAjk/waJWr59fYOQ/s1600-h/Fedex+Office+3.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 250px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb7L-3Y4vI/AAAAAAAAAjk/waJWr59fYOQ/s320/Fedex+Office+3.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316212593429897970" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb6sZVXETI/AAAAAAAAAjc/BBY0Z6SAlng/s1600-h/Fedex+Office+2.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb6sZVXETI/AAAAAAAAAjc/BBY0Z6SAlng/s320/Fedex+Office+2.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316212050779115826" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb4nel3GfI/AAAAAAAAAjU/4XJUTCTmmJQ/s1600-h/Fedex+Office+2.jpg"><span><span></span></span></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb3TWnB1XI/AAAAAAAAAjM/AZhYPJl1RA8/s1600-h/Fedex+Office+1.jpg">Drawing of Jeff's Building<img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 241px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb3TWnB1XI/AAAAAAAAAjM/AZhYPJl1RA8/s320/Fedex+Office+1.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316208322016302450" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb1f4rqiZI/AAAAAAAAAjE/pjSm0ELCHZI/s1600-h/Fedex+Office+1.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 241px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Scb1f4rqiZI/AAAAAAAAAjE/pjSm0ELCHZI/s320/Fedex+Office+1.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316206338297727378" /></a>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-27246711588246849312009-03-18T12:27:00.000-07:002009-03-23T11:37:22.171-07:00Opus Entry: P Week<div><div><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScFOG2FfIfI/AAAAAAAAAfM/AKeo_ufHkmY/s1600-h/emailed_completed_site_plan_without_dimentions.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5314614914778604018" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 107px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 160px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScFOG2FfIfI/AAAAAAAAAfM/AKeo_ufHkmY/s320/emailed_completed_site_plan_without_dimentions.JPG" border="0" /></a><br />Periphery-boundaries, in my drafting class we are continuing <a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScFcZdH0EQI/AAAAAAAAAfc/KJftfArt8DM/s1600-h/2008_1203Thanksgiving0024.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5314630627657781506" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScFcZdH0EQI/AAAAAAAAAfc/KJftfArt8DM/s320/2008_1203Thanksgiving0024.JPG" border="0" /></a>to work on our Boundaries,Pathways and Edges project. My group is called the Oasis group and we are nearly complete with this project. We wanted to construct a pathway for students and faculty traveling from the parking lot to the Gatewood Arts building a better way to navigate through the parking lot. This is a photo of our Oasis area still under construction.<br /><br /><br />Periphery can also be used in another way as in relations to being spatial . During the French renaissance era residential structures were of three types: manor houses, town houses, and chateaux. Manor houses lacked<span style="color:#000000;"> fortification of a castle yet they did have a wall or moat for</span><span style="color:#000000;"> </span><span style="color:#000000;">protection around the</span><span style="color:#009900;"> periphery</span>. Town houses came in two types hotels for the wealthy merchants and <span style="color:#33cc00;">professional</span> men and Maisons for middle class or lower working class.<br />The plan for a town house included a court around which a building was constructed on more than one side. A screen wall in which the entrance was placed separated from the street.<br />Castles and chateaux were get-away places for the aristocracy. These dwelling were definitely protected by moats or drawbridges and circular towers.<br /><br />Another way of looking at periphery in the Renaissance era was in 1593 when the Republic of Venice began construction of Palmanuova a fortress city believed to have been designed by Vincenzo Scamozzi, p.360 Roth. This city was enclosed by a nine-pointed star, with bastions for artillery around its perimeter. "Antonio Averlino known as Filarete, meaning "lover of virtue" was the first Renaissance designer to use the ideal form of the circle as the basis for a city plan."<br />Text from Filarete, II trattato d'architettura"<br />p. 361 Roth. See picture to left.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315064736317890754" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 314px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScLnN55u4MI/AAAAAAAAAhU/pEMuPk_avDo/s320/scan0013.jpg" border="0" /><br /><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316453234462123746" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScfWDIkXZuI/AAAAAAAAAl8/Rb4JCGNLAjU/s200/2009_0323foustbuilding0001.JPG" border="0" /> <img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5316453922384864754" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 200px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 150px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScfWrLR7ZfI/AAAAAAAAAmE/cVgAvnwKpOQ/s200/2009_0323foustbuilding0006.JPG" border="0" /><br />These drawing and pictures present perspective drawing two on the left are from my Drawing and Communication class we are studying perspective drawing in this class we also had done a perspective drawing and plan drawing of the college architectural building. My group is doing the Julius L. Foust Building. We have just finished putting up a wall diagram of drawings of this building in the hallway of our Gatewood studio building. The Julius L. Foust Building is an historic landmark and is the only orginal facility remaining from the State Normal and Industrial School. The Julius I.Foust Building is officially listed in the National Register of Historic Places as of September 11th. 1980. Located on the grounds of University of NC at Greensboro in Guildford county.<br /><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScFv0odgjwI/AAAAAAAAAfs/Q_eU2hpDLpU/s1600-h/scan0010.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5314651985278963458" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 290px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScFv0odgjwI/AAAAAAAAAfs/Q_eU2hpDLpU/s320/scan0010.jpg" border="0" /></a><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScGIMca3nbI/AAAAAAAAAgU/e3pXmOdtK28/s1600-h/scan0012.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5314678782642593202" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 291px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScGIMca3nbI/AAAAAAAAAgU/e3pXmOdtK28/s320/scan0012.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><p><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScGFDdWDZ2I/AAAAAAAAAgE/aFIjt7stGzc/s1600-h/scan0011.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5314675329737123682" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 181px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScGFDdWDZ2I/AAAAAAAAAgE/aFIjt7stGzc/s320/scan0011.jpg" border="0" /></a>The drawing to the left is a perspective painting used in the French Renaissance era as an optical illusion. Frankly I have never seen anything like this even in my travels to European castles. I find this fascinating. Renaissance artists often used principles of exact perspective to creat optical illusions of three-dimensional spaces. Through the use of fresco techniques painters played a significant role in "trompel'oeil painting of walls and ceilings by depicting the illusion of depth and distance within Italian Renaissance buildings. The style of paintings of whole walls came from the romans as a main way of treating walls. </p><br /><br /><br /><p>Four styles of wall treatments were catagorized by August Mau in the late 19th century. Incrustation, Architectural, Ornate and Intricate. Our book used the terms first, second, third and fourth styles. Stucco relief was introduced in the incrustation period for illusionism. The Architectural style used paint and perspective rendering three dimensional construction (trompel l'oeil architecture). Large scale human figures began to be used. In the third style ornamentation began to be applied to architectural elements. Thin columns, pilasters, and friezes were used and in these aedicular arrangements illusionistic landscape pictures were depicted without imphasis on the human figure. The last style Intricate or 4th style no attempt was emphasized with spatial illusionism. In the 4th style bands of Dado divided into segments with illusionistic perspective drawings. The Romans had introduced the screen wall columns arranged in front of a load bearing wall. Columns were the source for prominent wall design. </p></div></div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-54086572996988585022009-03-18T04:42:00.000-07:002009-03-18T05:31:25.077-07:00Building Selection and Justification 2nd<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScDopOtznWI/AAAAAAAAAfE/VOhKCzY-kC8/s1600-h/Biosph%C3%A8re_Montr%C3%A9al.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5314503355319688546" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScDopOtznWI/AAAAAAAAAfE/VOhKCzY-kC8/s320/Biosph%C3%A8re_Montr%C3%A9al.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><div>I am chosing R. Buckminster Fuller's Geodesic dome. We have recently studied domes in our history and Theory class in Greek and Roman architecture with the Pantheon and then to the domes of the Monastic times with Justinian's Byzantines Hagia Sofia. This was considered the most perfect structure since the time of Solomon. Constantine's Basilica of St Peter at Rome which still stand today. The church of San Marco had five domes symbolizing the Greek cross. LaterIslamic temples were introduced to Persia, Syria, Palestine, Egypt and North Africa. Eventually incompacing all of North Africa, Spain in the west and Pakistan and the Hindu Kush to the east. Their temple implimented designs and color such as the Masjid-l-Shah Mosque, in Ifahan, Iran. </div><br /><div></div><br /><div>Fuller's created a spherical dome for different reasons than the architects of ancient times. He was seeking a means for a better life for the common man on earth. He was one of the first to progagate a systemic worldview of energy and material efficiency in the fields of architecture, engineering and design. Fuller was concerned about sustainability and about human survival under the existing socio-economic system. He defined wealth in terms of knowledge, as the "technological ability to protect, nurture, support and accomodate all growth needs of life."</div><br /><div></div><br /><div>Fuller was most famous for his lattice shell structures _geodesic domes, which can he seen as part of the military radar stations, civic buildings, environmental protest camps and exhibition attractions. However the original design cam from a Dr. Walther Bauerfeld. Fuller is given full credit for this design in 1954. The geodesic dome is based on extending some basic principles to build simple tensegrity structures (tetrahdron, octahedron, and closely packing of spheres, making them light weight and stable. </div><div> </div><div>Photo from Wikimedia. Montreal Biosphere 1967.</div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-80331563983135379662009-03-16T05:29:00.000-07:002009-03-19T22:49:44.446-07:00Kathleen Clay Edwards Library<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScLdIMEjXbI/AAAAAAAAAhE/KXYxOi4Hcy8/s1600-h/aerial+view.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315053642999618994" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 247px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScLdIMEjXbI/AAAAAAAAAhE/KXYxOi4Hcy8/s320/aerial+view.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><div><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScLbLwt6UQI/AAAAAAAAAg8/CLw48mkN3yY/s1600-h/architectural+back+view+exterior.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5315051505353117954" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 309px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/ScLbLwt6UQI/AAAAAAAAAg8/CLw48mkN3yY/s320/architectural+back+view+exterior.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div>The Kathleen Clay Library opened September 10, 2004 named after a philanthropist who donated 2.5 million to Piedmont Land conservancy to protect Price Park. <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_0">Teague</span>, <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_1">Freyaldenhoven</span> and <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_2">Freyaldenhoven</span> (<span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_3">TFF</span>) Architects ensured construction of the library to be environmentally conscious and minimized the impact on the park. This Library features natural cork flooring, carpet tiles made of recycled materials ply-bent wood chairs which is the most sustainable process of furniture making. The Greensboro city council contributed $250,000 to complete this project. The land that<br />the library is located was previously owned by Jefferson Pilot and was sited for the company club house. Kathleen Clay Edwards donated this land in honor of her grandparents Julian and Ethel Clay Price founders of Pilot Life Insurance. The Piedmont Land Conservancy now holds permanent easement rights on the park to ensure that the land is always used as a passive park. Out of all the libraries I have visited in my lifetime this one is the most serene peaceful and beautiful library. It is built with natural wood and brick almost giving it a cabin in the woods effect.<br />The library is rather small but large in the way the facility is ulitized. This is the first environmental library of it's kind in North Carolina and probably the country this I will have to research more. I have visited many different libraries throughout the country and many have much to offer in the way of books and tapes and magazines and documents. Different programs are offered to the public for adults and children which is universal to most libraries. Somehow this one is a little different in the way it is run. The library water supply comes from a cistern system outside the southern building wall. The maintenance program for the grounds has an irrigation system that automatically keeps the plants and trees watered. Plants were planted that could survive a drought. (More to follow later)</div></div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-47844243210985615592009-03-04T19:04:00.000-08:002009-03-08T12:17:43.014-07:00Comparison of the Cologne, Amine<div><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sa9GE4OAe1I/AAAAAAAAAdk/rzLIUkBXoAI/s1600-h/Portsmouth_Romann_catholic_cathedral_Trevor_hare.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5309539535317662546" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 217px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sa9GE4OAe1I/AAAAAAAAAdk/rzLIUkBXoAI/s320/Portsmouth_Romann_catholic_cathedral_Trevor_hare.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sa9FK5tTiuI/AAAAAAAAAdc/7tVpDBFvkPk/s1600-h/nave-cc-bzibble.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5309538539284957922" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 226px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sa9FK5tTiuI/AAAAAAAAAdc/7tVpDBFvkPk/s320/nave-cc-bzibble.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><div>The Cologne Cathedral in Germany represents the more Gothic style as opposed to the Romanesque style. This structure is very similar to the Amiens Cathedral, using proportions of width to height to dictate the design, It also has flying buttresses in similar style to Amiens, except these support some of the tallest vaults in the world. The Cologne Cathedral is definitely more gothic compared to the others. Two towers indicate the entrance of the Cologne's Cathedral constrasting with other German Cathedrals. Its details are more impeccable when it comes to its facade. As beautiful as it looks on the outside, it's even more fascinating on the inside. It measures 144 by 86 meters and was considered the tallest building in the world until 1884. </div><br /><div></div><br /><div>This is not a church, this is a work of art which is admired worldwide. Much like the other cathedrals, it stands as a symbol of religious power. It was probably the most technologically advanced building of it's time. Amines has two towers and matched the rest of the Cathedrals in France, Notre Dame of Amines France. Notre Dame of Amines France was named after the Blessed Virgin Mary. Other Amiens Cathedrals are Chartres in 1194, Rouen in 1202, and Reims in 1211. High Gothic pointed broken ribs vaulting sketetonized structure and exterior flying buttress. Gothic structure seems higher than they actually are because of the vertical elements and the sense of light. </div><br /><div></div><br /><div>The Salisbury Cathedral a horizontal line was stressed by lateral extension of the Cathedral by keeping the vertical dimensions much lower and by stressing the horizontal moldings and string courses of masonry marking the edges of the three horizontal divisions of the interior elevations.</div><br /><div>Salisbury Cathedral 78 ft long and 81ft high and naive is 37ft wide the vault is 81.1.2 ratio less than the Amiens or Beauvais France. The building frame is a true skelton eleminating wall mass these cathedrals housed religious relics which the populace worshiped. During this time the hammerbeams trusses were developed. Merchants and Bourquois funded the Cathedrals by loaning money to the churches. Duomo of Florence (a failed construction) Perpendicular style rounded headed arches of the Romanesque lower arcade overlaid with delicate tracery broad clerestory windows the entire east wall is filled with an enormous window. Lierne vaults mulitplied to the point of looking like filigree. Florence became the center for trade in the South/Bruges became the same in the northern center of Flanders.<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbQZkoKll0I/AAAAAAAAAd0/ucQqYhq79K4/s1600-h/scan0008.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5310897977624467266" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 233px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbQZkoKll0I/AAAAAAAAAd0/ucQqYhq79K4/s320/scan0008.jpg" border="0" /></a> Below is a Cologne Cathedral</div><div>plan drawing.</div></div></div>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-81036969071483367282009-03-03T19:55:00.000-08:002009-03-09T21:57:46.397-07:00Macro to Micro<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXuSqbedfI/AAAAAAAAAe0/kJcXwxWaMw8/s1600-h/2009_0303Foustbuilding0011.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5311413339947955698" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXuSqbedfI/AAAAAAAAAe0/kJcXwxWaMw8/s320/2009_0303Foustbuilding0011.JPG" border="0" /></a>This photo is my iteration of a portal door<br />before we decided what the portal would actually look like.<br /><br /><div><div><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXrUMp5eWI/AAAAAAAAAec/nuczKKJRTcI/s1600-h/2009_0303Foustbuilding0018.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5311410067780237666" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXrUMp5eWI/AAAAAAAAAec/nuczKKJRTcI/s320/2009_0303Foustbuilding0018.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><div><div><br /><br /><div>This is the abstrat design I made to represent symmetry next to one showing hierachy on our portal project.<br /><div><div><br /><div><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sa78oPgs0TI/AAAAAAAAAdM/mSjh30dpXDg/s1600-h/2009_0303Foustbuilding0016.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5309458779005047090" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sa78oPgs0TI/AAAAAAAAAdM/mSjh30dpXDg/s320/2009_0303Foustbuilding0016.JPG" border="0" /></a><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sa78C_Zm9YI/AAAAAAAAAdE/XhPjSc0zG0c/s1600-h/2009_0303Foustbuilding0004.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5309458139025175938" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sa78C_Zm9YI/AAAAAAAAAdE/XhPjSc0zG0c/s320/2009_0303Foustbuilding0004.JPG" border="0" /></a><br />Various photos of our project Portal ...Great Wall of China<br />Classmates working on project<br /><br /><div><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXsCvAs6NI/AAAAAAAAAek/6ZMbPugZ5o4/s1600-h/2009_0303Foustbuilding0001.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5311410867276671186" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXsCvAs6NI/AAAAAAAAAek/6ZMbPugZ5o4/s320/2009_0303Foustbuilding0001.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXtZ6xhA4I/AAAAAAAAAes/OoltmyZNjyo/s1600-h/2009_0303Foustbuilding0014.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5311412365082821506" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 240px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXtZ6xhA4I/AAAAAAAAAes/OoltmyZNjyo/s320/2009_0303Foustbuilding0014.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><br /><div><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sa42bboH4_I/AAAAAAAAAcM/nOvtyj_2MQE/s1600-h/2009_0303Foustbuilding0016.JPG"></a>Composition: The last couple of weeks first year class has been working on a continuation of our artifact encompassing design words such as symmetry, balance, construct, proximity, and order and others....This week my group was given the assignment for the great wall of China. We came up this a design for out portal which is a composite of all our vocabulary words and readings from history, design class and perception and design class. Our portal design we first did to smaller scale before committing to the true size. From micro scale we produced our artifact to macro scale. The photos above show my iteration of the portal and our groups final portal construction for Environmental Design class project.<br />In our Perception and communication class my group was assigned the Foust building and this week we are designing diagrams to show more detail that the usual plan of the building. There is a color coded functional plan, sometimes called the "bubble diagram". These are also used in city planning were black and white drawing won't do. Three different diagrams are used in this way . The Matrix Diagram showing proximity of building spaces to one another in a facility. the bubble Diagram conveerts the decisions which were recorded in the matrix into a different more useful graph and the Zoning diagrams where aditional layers of information are superimposed over multiple copies. (1. and-out from Suzanne Caberra's class). E. T. White Space Adjacency Analysis. Mark-up of the Foust Bldg. basement offices in blue, lounge light blue, stairs and lab sky blue, <img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5309433186449816866" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 238px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sa7lWj0C_SI/AAAAAAAAAcc/1130exTr-Zg/s320/scan0001.jpg" border="0" /> <span style="font-size:0;"></span><br />This drawing is a mark-up plan to show relationship to the area and where offices and rooms are in the basement. Greater detail can be shown on a more detailed orthographic plan.</div><br /><br /><div>The Monastery of Cluny III show an extremely detailed plan of the monastic abbey with courts, forecourt, service court, approach court, the narthex or porch, the great portal, the hearth in the far back of the structure to the side of the main church are serveral other courts and building to service the religious community.<br /><br /></div><div>The most glorious and stupendous achievement was the construction of the Hagia Sophia Cathedral which was a combination of church and Empire. The dome of this cathedral though not as large as the Pantheon was higher. The attention to details in windows and lighting the surfaces curving and intersecting made this struction seem to be in motion bathed in the mystical suffused light. All the magnicent details put into this shrine would cause the participant to become awestruck at the spectacular beauty of this shrine." When the Hagia Sophia was finished on December 27, 537 Justinian reputedly enter the church with the Patriarch of Constantinople and exclaimed "Glory to God, who has deemed me worthy of this task. O, Solomon, I have surpassed thee" Justinian gave definitive form to this Byzantine architecture, fusing the Roman constructive practice with Greek science in the service of theological speculation, with an oriental luxuriouness celebrating the mystery of Divine Wisdom." P 292 Roth. This was definitely East meets West in architectural design.<br /></div><br /><div>Following an earthquake in 553 the done of the Hagia Sophia collasped but was rebuilt with a steeper hemispherical profile. When the Byzatine penditve had been developed round domes were place over square volumes this was know as the quincunx plan.<br /><br />In studying the Cathedral and Gothic churches these were enormous undertakings to build such hugh Cathedrals in Europe which many still stand today. This monumental task in honoring God has never been duplicated in this present day era. Although many Catholic churches still build on the Byzantine and Romanesque design but not nearly as much in this twenty first century.<br /></div><br /><div>These Shrines and Catherdrals and Castle leave an lasting impression on anyone who has actually visited these structures many that still stand today even after many world wars and internal conflicts. It is amazing to me how architecture in Europe and the East can last so long where much of our architecture in the United States does not last not even in it's mere three hundred years history.<br /><br />My hope after living in Europe in the late 1970's is that we as American's would hold onto some of our historic buildings and churches. I know that we are a young country but still it would be wonderful to pass our hertiage to generations to come instead of constantly tearing down and puting up newer and cheaper materials that don't last but a few decays insteads of a few centuries. When I lived in Germany in 1973-76 the house I lived in was three hundred years old and magnificently beautiful. The walls of this house were atleast a foot thick concrete walls. . Perhaps that has something to do with the longevitity of the houses in Europe. I have never seen anything in the states built so well.</div><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5309455628118450674" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 232px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 320px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/Sa75w1iy4fI/AAAAAAAAAc0/ZsHlRHwCHJ0/s320/byzantine.jpg" border="0" /> A plan and arcade front of an Byzantine church.<br /><br /><br />These are a composite of projects from Design Studio class showing symmetry. The abstract design fans in black and white and silver shows symmetry by being mirrored on the silver back ground. This was drawn to scale of 1/4"=1' .<br /><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXpHMHfcTI/AAAAAAAAAeE/1RY49ObfEEc/s1600-h/2009_0303Foustbuilding0013.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5311407645274370354" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXpHMHfcTI/AAAAAAAAAeE/1RY49ObfEEc/s320/2009_0303Foustbuilding0013.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div>This design was my interpretation of heaven and earth...the earth being dark and heaven the opposite being light with an gold ribbon as my linear element keeping them together. This was from and old fable about the beginnings<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXqR_ZsMkI/AAAAAAAAAeU/ZddHDVCEh3k/s1600-h/2009_0303Foustbuilding0008.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5311408930351231554" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXqR_ZsMkI/AAAAAAAAAeU/ZddHDVCEh3k/s320/2009_0303Foustbuilding0008.JPG" border="0" /></a> of life.</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXwzzMMx1I/AAAAAAAAAe8/1NtAdPDwSj0/s1600-h/2009_0303Foustbuilding0009.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5311416108258740050" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXwzzMMx1I/AAAAAAAAAe8/1NtAdPDwSj0/s320/2009_0303Foustbuilding0009.JPG" border="0" /></a>The design to the left is an abstract showing again symmetry with an silver element<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXpozUe6CI/AAAAAAAAAeM/yw1EzmkbInI/s1600-h/2009_0303Foustbuilding0006.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5311408222733527074" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SbXpozUe6CI/AAAAAAAAAeM/yw1EzmkbInI/s320/2009_0303Foustbuilding0006.JPG" border="0" /></a> in center.Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2910710248833025673.post-12918074063555769022009-02-28T21:18:00.001-08:002009-03-04T05:03:56.418-08:00Foundations of Architectural HistoryThe first part of our History and Theory of Architect class was and introduction to world history starting about 5000 years ago.<em> Man and his ability to control the space he lives in.</em><br />It is amazing to me how from the beginning of any recorded history whether through pictures or written symbols, the remants of fragments of tools, earthen ware, and even human remains tells the story of man's creative talent in discovering his world and realizing in his creation that there is a power higher than himself, a Supreme Creator. <p>In studying the History of Architecture John Ruskin states it best "Great nations write their autobiographies in three manuscripts- the book of their deeds, the book of their words, and the book of their art. Not one of these books can be understood without the other, but of the three the most important and most trustworthy is the book of his art." 2. Roth p.5</p><p>We started out with nature's structures and how man made structures for shelter for himself according to the environment he existed in. Whatever was available in that particular environment to make some form of shelter to keep the elements away from himself and to survive. The first structures were made of mud, stones, animal skins, if man lived in mountainous areas it might have been a cave; in the woods shelter made of sticks and limbs of trees covered with mud or animals skins. None the less man used what was available to construct structures for living in. "Architecture is understood to be the whole of human Built environment as a form of dialogue with the past and and future...." 1. Roth</p><br /><p>We spoke about the elements of design in architecture; Commodity, Firmness, and Delight. </p><p>Commodity : According to Marcus Vitruvius Pollio 90c -20bc architecture must provide utility, firmness, and beauty. Commodity has to do with what it is used for. Firmness has do with the foundation of a structure,ie ( post and lentels; ie. trabeated system.) Beauty or Delight is the appealing basis of the structure, space, perceptual space, conceptual space, behavioral space, physical space, fluidity of space interwoven spaces as constrast to static space, negative and positive space....balance,sysmetry,contrast, color, texture, sound, scale, and repetiton.etc....</p><p>In first recorded history we discussed the rements of post and lentels left by ancients people unknown, Stonehenge in Salisbury, England, the Stones on Easter Island, same in Brittany France, strange stones left on the ground in a vertical position and we can only speculate what they mean. </p><p>The one area where we do began to understand and have meaning is with the Egyptian culture and how the afterlife was as important as living in the present if not more. They built pyramids to honor the kings (Pharaohs) of their country. They believe in honoring their dead kings and often buried all his staff and family members with him upon his death. Their bodies were mumified using special oils and herbs, their internal organs were extracted and put in jars. Pharaohs were buried in simple tombs but robbers would come and pillaged the tombs. Later an <em>Egyptian architect Imhotep</em> discovered a way to hide the Pharaohs underneath the pyramid. Robbers still found a way in, so they began to bury their Pharaohs in unmarked tombs hidden in a place called the <em>Valley of the Kings<strong>.</strong></em><br /><br />Imhotep's invention of a hidden chamber for the Pharaohs.</p><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5308220128882019682" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 230px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aaR5zXxaU38/SaqWFUOXTWI/AAAAAAAAAb8/J1MPPTUJtDA/s320/scan.jpg" border="0" /><br /><p>The Eypgtians were extremely brilliant race of people which puzzle even today arhaeologist , scientist and architects. Why were they so comsumed with life after death did they know something we don't even today? The largest of the Pyramids is the Great Pyramid at Giza near Cairo the present capital of Egypt today. This pyramid ranged in height about 750 ft in width and 482 ft high. It was built with over 2 million stones weighing atleast 2 tons each. this tomb was built 100 years after Imhotep's death. 1) Understanding Architecture-history and theory. p201 Roth. Besides the tombs the Egyptians constructed Temples one of the most famous it the Temple of Amon at Karnak. These temples were not only places of worship but centers for learning and administration of their nation. they were built on an axis that ran perpendicular to the nile river toward the winter solsttice with the sun. The Egyptians were the first people to believe in a single god RA. They had hierachcy system were Kings ruled but the common people lived in villages They valued bigness geometric form, sharp edged with the obelisk, pyolon and hypostyle hall. </p><p>The Egyptians were conquered by the Greeks during the time of Alexander the Great. The Greeks learned many things about architecture from Egyptian modeling their post and lentel . Due to the landscape of Greece the Greeks became master seamen. Their livilyhood depended upon the sea and trade with other countries. The Minoans were the first inhabitants of Greece during the Homeric Age. After the Minoans fell came the Myceanaean citadels. the citadels were build on strategic hills and were enclosed by strong curtain wallings. At the upper end was the palace where the ruler lived and the dwellings of important leaders. Most other inhabitates lived outside the citidel's walls. Citadels were entered through monumental gates. One the most famous is Lion's Gate at Mycenae. This consisted of two vertical stones an a vast lintel above this a carved relief of two lions. A common form of ornamentation in Minoan and Mycenaean palaces was the triglyph frieze or motif made of half rosettes divided by vertical bands. It is believed to be the precusor for the Doric Frieze of metopes and triglyphs. Roth 206</p><p>The Megaron was the central complex of a palace and the main domestic unit. It was a long narrow suite composed of a columned porch an ante chamber,prodomus and the megaron proper. In the proper there was a raised throne and was centered around a fixed circular hearth framed by four wooden columns supporting the roof. The floor of this megaron was painted with checkered pattern while the walls were adorned with frescoes. The Mycenaean were noted for their tholos tombs or beehive shaped tombs. Outside of these tombs were two highly decorated columns the most famous was made of green alabaster designed with chevons and spirals. </p><p>Another group of conquerers came from the north called the Dorians crushing the Mycenaean culture. Some of groups fled to Asia Minor and to the Anatolian coast. The Dorians contributed a language and a new group of gods who ruled on Mt Olympus in the North of Greece. These gods replaced the gods of the Minoans and Myceaneans. Stone architecture was re-introduced and this was the beginnings of Classical Greece. Greece began to colonize the Mediterranean due to poor agriculture and raw materials. From southern Italy to the Black sea founding cities along the Spanish and French coast. Other colonies were founded in Cyrene, North Africa and Naucratis in the delta of lower Egypt. The Greek colonies were called "way homes" not colonies in the sense of the later European colonies. Colonization spread the Greek language which became an international way of communication. The mixing of the Minoan/Mycenaean culture with the Dorians created a Greek character embrasing inquistiveness, a love of action and a desire to achieve perfection in human intellect along with phyiscal endeavors. the Greeks wanted to understand their gods. how the world as they knew it operated. They created a language inorder to record their finding. p. 217 Roth</p><p>In eveything the Greeks sort after balance and symmetry having like measure. Nothing in nature seemed without order. Even the gods had reason for their actions. Heraclitus describe the cosmos as a balance of such opposites as day and night, hot and cold, health and disease.</p><p>Greece produced philosophers such as Atistotle devoted to study of the natual world, Plato observed how things worked, the Ionian philosopher Pythagoras of Samos estabished a colony of followers proposing that everything is based on numbers. He founded musical harmony, conceived of the trianglular and square numbers and provided a proof of the concept used by the Egyptians and Mesopotamians that the area of a square constructed on a hypotenuse of a right triangle was the sum of the areas of square numbers made on the other two sides. Carpenters still use this theory today. </p><p>The Dorians introduced their sky gods Olympian gods were described in Greek myths in human terms and depicted in perfect human form. The Greek myths described the misadventures of the gods how not to organize and conducts one's life. Zeus was their male god of thunder, and Hera was female companion. Many temples were built to the gods combining male and female attributes. Twelve Olympian gods were worshipped by all Greeks and temples were erected in their honor. Zeus of Olypia, Poseidon at Sounion, Athens had Athena, Athena Parthenos maiden worrier. The Greeks did not necessarily believe in the after life like the Egyptians. </p><p>Another important contribution to the world was the invention of democracy in the polis of Athens. "city-state". The Polis was a community of families related by a common ancestor a person did not move into or join a city you had to be born a member. The Polis consisted of the city and surrounding farms. The polis was a communal life of the people, political, cultural and economical. Everyone in the community had a say on how a city was run. </p><p>After Greek and Persian war cities were rebuilt Hippodamos was credited with planning new cities. The Greek peninsula was divided into three sections wtih a bouleutarion in the middle.(a house designed to house a boule or councilman). Most civic and commercial business was transacted in the open air in the agora, the private houses of Greece were small and simple until the 4th century BC. Greek enters the Hellenistic period. The largest Greek public buildings were the open air theaters and stadia for athletic competitions. A stadion meant a unit of distance about 656 ft. a stadium structure had tiers of seats usually used only certain times of the year. Plays and theater played an important part in Greek life. Drama productions began as religious rituals for the god Dionysos. Comedies of Aristophanes played an important part in the civic life of Greece. The plays contributed to the education of the Greek populace as a form of entertainment which was adapted by the Roman civilization later. </p><p>The most important building in Greek civilization was the Temple. The temple was for the populace but only the priests and selected officials could actually enter it. The exterior of the temple was lavished with artistic attention. Rituals were celebrated at the altar in front of the temple. In 1050 BC the temple emerges from a wooden structure with upright columns completely around a central chamber. The columns of Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders came out of these first crude tree type columns. The sacred temenos of Olypmpia is a good example of a temple.The precinct is framed by the bouleutarion on the south a stoa in the east, and a small range of city treasuries in the hill of kronos to the north. At the north edge is the temenos is the temple to Hera, wife of Zeus. The principal building was a large temple dedicated to Zeus built by the Elis' in 468-80 bc this was a Doric structure. The Periclean building of the Acropolis the Parthenon and the Propylaea represent Doric architecture. Greece gave us the Classical Orders these orders were adapted by the Romans. They made the columns more ornate. The orders became part of the basic architectual volcabulary. </p><p>In all the Greek orders the height of the column and the relative size of all the related component parts as well as the entablature are porportional derivatives based on the diameter of the column. Doric column was the most massive. Ionic was more slender. The Corinthian order column is ten times the height of its diameter and is the tallest of the three. The Greek orders were adopted by the Romans who used them as decoration. One of the principal changes introduced by the Romans was making the Doric order into a more slenderr tuscan Doric with the addition of a base and smooth unfluted shaft. The other major composite order formed by placing the volutes of the Ionic capital atop the curled acanthus leaves of the Corinthian. </p><p>Roman Architecture: The Romans conquered Greece and adaptes their column system only basically using it as decorative pilasters. Arches and vaults and domes are introduced. Several arches placed end to end form an arcade.. Romans used this structual action to build their arcades and aqueducts. Vaults are built up of arches pushed through space forming a semicirular vault called a tunnel or barrel vault. Usually these masonry vaults are placed on thick walls used as buttresses holding the vault up. An example of a barrel vault raised to great height is the nave of Saint -Sernin, in Toulouse,France, in 1077-1096. p. 34 Roth. A solution devised by Romans architectures was to run additional barrel vaults at right angles to the main vault so that they intersected resulting in a groin vault, opened up by wide semicircular lunettes at each end and the along the sides. The three bay groin vault was used in the baths of Rome and later in the Basilica's. </p><p>Domes are arches rotated about its center vertical axis a semicircular arch thus makes a hemispherical dome. The Romans used domes for structural reasons and symbolic reasons suggesting overarching heavens. The most impressive dome was the dome in the Pantheon Rome. The span of the dome is 142ft 6in. </p><p><br />The most important of symbolic building for the Romans was the Pantheon due to the space in enclosed alone. The Pantheon was built by Hadrian around 118 CE it was a temple to all the gods. He invisioned the earth as a dish and the heavens as a dome covering the earth. The term Pans is Greek for all and theos meant god. The Pantheon was a culmination of important experiments that had been pursued for over two centuries. p259 Roth. Another important structure was the Golden House, Domus Aurea for Nero 64-68 CE. this was a complex of interconnected geometric volumes its rooms covered nearly every known type of vault and dome.octogonal room covered by an octagonal vault that became hemispherical toward the top opening to a large oculus. </p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p>Rome was an empire which included whole of Mediterranean basin and Europe. Romans took pride in being self governing . The Romans conquered Carthage during the Punic Wars, Macdonia and Syria. The empire expanded from Gibraltar and Gual to Armenia, Palestine and Egypt in the west. After Julius Caesar's death there was a civil war in Rome and Octavian tried to resume order. He ruled for forty one years. The time was marked with peace much of the best architecture was built during periods of peace and expansion of economic development. </p><p>After Octavian there were other emperors not as good, Julio-Claudian, Caligula and Nero, Vespasian, and Flavian. Rome suffered enternal striff then there came a period of five years of peace. Pax Romana under Maarcus Aurelius the empire began to fall apart. Emperor Diocletian divided the empire into two sections to be administered by two co-equal emporers. This did not work. In 324 CE Constantine moved the imperioal captial to a new city he founded at the entrance to the Black Sea on the old Greek city of Byzantium and called it the new Rome.</p><p>Under Constantine the city was called Constatinople. Under Constantine Rome became united and mainly Christian. </p>Arnishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10449468867468367560noreply@blogger.com0