Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within, and relating to, living organisms.[1] By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last 40 years biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine are engaged in biochemical research.[2] Today the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.

Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.

Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesise proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism.

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...Description:
Biochemistry is the study of the chemistry of living things and the substance found in them. The main goal of biochemistry is to understand the structure and behavior of biomolecules. Biochemistry is a combination of chemistry and biology. It uses the methods of chemistry, physics, molecular biology, and immunology to study the structure and behavior of molecules found in biological material. It shows the ways these molecules interact to...

...Topic Two: Biochemistry
Topic 2 - 4 Proteins
Proteins
• After water, protein
is the most abundant
molecule in body
– 17% of body weight
is due to proteins
• There are1000’s of
types of proteins
that are species
specific and
individual specific
2
Proteins: Functions
• Cell Structure
– Proteins are an important part of many cell
structures such as muscle, skin, nerves …
– Required for the building, repair and
maintenance of cell structure.
• Cell Function
–
–
–
–
–...

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1. Explain how carbon’s electron configuration and valence result in its ability to form large and complex organic molecules. These covalent bonds can be single, double, or triple bonds, but one carbon atom is limited to only 4 covalent bonds. It can bond with other carbon atoms and different atoms (H, O, N, P, S) to form long chains, ring shaped molecules, and branched/irregular shapes.
2. Explain why the combination hydrocarbon backbone +functional group(s) accounts for the unique...

...﻿BIOCHEMISTRY REVSION
PROTIEN
Question (1): Define and distinguish primary structure, secondary and tertiary structures of proteins.
Protein Structures:
Primary structure
Primary structure of protein is its unique sequence of amino acids forming its polypeptide chain.
The primary structure of a protein is starting from the amino-terminal (N) end to the carboxyl-terminal (C).
Secondary structure
Most proteins have segments of their polypeptide chain repeatedly coiled...

...﻿Restriction Endonuclease Digestion of DNA from E. coli cells and Analysis by Agarose Gel Electrophoresis
Introduction
The main goals of this experiment are testing an alternative procedure called “boiling lysis”, evaluating the quality of the purified plasmid for restriction digests, and identifying the mislabeled plasmid.
The plasmid DNA from a carrier E. coli strain was purified by the boiling lysis. In the boiling lysis method, the bacterial cells were given momentary heat...

...﻿
Biochemistry-Metabolism
A. 1. Enzymes have a central role as biological catalysts and they increase the rate of practically all chemicla rections that occur within cells. Most enzymes are protein in nature although there are some RNA’ s that equally increase the rate of reactions. The absence of enzymatic catalysis results to decreaseed reactions as enzymes play the responsibility of accelerating reactions to over a million fold (Sinnott, 2008). Normally, cells...

...﻿Biochemistry Task 5
Shannon Alford
Lipid Storage Molecule Conversion to ATP
Lipids (also known as fats) are nonpolar, insoluble molecules gained within the body trough digestion of food. Triglycerides, a type of lipid that serve as storage units for energy have 3 fatty acid chain tails made up of carboxylic acid and a fatty carbon chain attached to a glycerol backbone. These molecules can be saturated or unsaturated contingent on the bond types and hydrogen number in the...