Fracture treatment

The foot and ankle are often put under a great amount of stress and as a
result of this the incidence of fractures occurring in these areas is
increased. Fractures can often mean activity is limited and walking is not
possible for extended periods of time. It is therefore important that the
patient receives appropriate fracture treatment for the best possible
recovery.

What is a fracture?

A fracture is a break which occurs in a bone when it is subject to a
substantial amount of force or stress. Fractures can also occur due to
weakening of the bone as a result of some medical conditions, such as
osteoporosis.

What are common fractures of the foot and ankle?

The following are some common fractures which occur within the foot and
ankle;

Stress fractures
' these are small cracks within the bone which occur as a result of
overuse. When muscles are overworked, they are unable to absorb the
shock created by repetitive impact with the ground. This added stress
is transferred to the bone, causing fractures to develop.

Phalanges
- the phalanges are the bones in the toes. Fractures within the
phalanges often occur as a result of direct impact or following a fall.
The end of the 1st toe is the most common site for fractures in the
toes.

Ankle fractures
- fractures to the ankle and commonly the result of sporting injuries.

Metatarsal Bones
- the metatarsals are the 5 long bones located behind the bones of the
toes. Fractures here often due to direct trauma. The most common type
of fracture in this area occurs at the 5th metatarsal, it is a common
football related injury.

Calcaneus
' the calcaneus is the heel bone. Fracture here is often the result of
a falling type injury

Tibia and Fibula
' these are the 2 large bones of the lower leg/shin. Fractures of the
tibia and fibula require great force. When fracture occurs along the
tibia it is common for a fracture to also develop along the fibula as
the force can transfer along the membrane between the two bones.

Medical management of fractures

Medical management of a fracture can take many forms. Common management
techniques include;

Walking boots - a walking boot is a brace which covers the foot and
ankle. It has a hard outer shell for protection and a cushioned inner
lining for comfort. They are used to immobilise the area and provide
support. They are often used for stress fractures and complex ankle
sprains.

Cast - foot casts are usually made out of plaster of Paris, however
they can also be formed using fibreglass. The purpose of a plaster cast
is to hold the foot and ankle in place in its proper alignment and
provide protection while the fracture heels.

Open Reduction Internal Fixation - this involves surgical repair of a
bone following fracture using plates and screws to provide stability
within the bone.

What podiatry treatments are available following a fracture?

A podiatrist can provide the following treatments for patients who have
experienced a fracture to the foot and/or ankle;

Advice and education - advice can be provided on rest, the
rehabilitation process and prevention of future injury

Treatment of skin complaints - if a cast has been used in the
management of a fracture, the skin under the cast can require some
attention. A podiatrist will be able to treat any dry skin or callus
and recommend the use of emollients

Footwear advice - A podiatrist will be able to recommend whether
special footwear or orthotic supports are necessary once the fracture
has healed

Strengthening exercises - a personalised exercise program can be
developed to help strengthen the muscles around the affected region
once the area has healed. This provides protection against further
injury in the future

What are the benefits of podiatry treatment following a fracture?

Podiatry treatment can be an important and effective tool in the
rehabilitation process following a fracture within the foot or ankle. The
benefits include;

Reduction in pain levels

Increased range of movement

A faster return to normal function

Prevention of re-injury in the future

Increase activity levels

To book an appointment following a fracture of the foot or ankle, please
e-mail office@chiropody.co.uk
or call 0330 088 4222.