The paper states the impact from Brexit on Scotland “will depend on a range of factors including whether the Scottish Government is able to secure a relationship for Scotland with the EU, distinct from that of the UK”.

The Scottish Government estimates the impact of Brexit would be the equivalent of reducing the Scottish Government budget by between six and 13 per cent.

The briefing paper figures are drawn from studies previously published by the London School of Economics' Centre for Economic Performance, HM Treasury, the National Institute of Economic and Social Research, PwC and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

The Fraser of Allander Institute at the University of Strathclyde said the Scottish Government's analysis “tells us little that is new,” and fails to assess “the distinct impacts of Brexit on the Scottish economy; either by sector or in terms of trade”.

The Scottish Government notes in the briefing paper: “Implied GDP impact on Scotland is assumed to be proportionate to the corresponding estimated impact on the UK.”

First Minister Nicola Sturgeon said the paper, the first in a series the Scottish Government plans to publish on the potential impact of Brexit on Scotland, “shows, in the starkest possible terms, the potentially huge cost to Scotland of being taken out of the European Union and the single market”.

Ms Sturgeon said: “This analysis - based on a wide range of sources - demonstrates that leaving the EU, under any potential alternative arrangement, will have a profound and long-lasting impact on the public finances and the wider economic and societal well-being of both Scotland and the UK as a whole.

“That stark picture outlined today means that, whatever the model of relationship with the EU which is chosen by the UK Government in their negotiations before and after Article 50 is triggered, it will not be as economically beneficial as full EU membership.

“The only way to protect Scotland's economy - and the clear benefits which come from being part of the world's biggest single market - is to work to ensure we protect our relationship with the EU.

“My Government is absolutely committed to pursuing every possible avenue and option to do that.”

The First Minister, who previously warned the EU referendum result would make a second vote for Scottish independence “highly likely”, has already held talks with the Prime Minister, EU institutions and individual member states.

Ms Sturgeon has also set up her own expert group to advise on protecting Scotland's relationship with Europe.

Scottish Conservative leader Ruth Davidson said the Scottish Government should “get back to the day job” and focus on stability by adopting Tory policies to support economic growth.