Informally, the prerequisites are a year of calculus, a year of programming,
and familiarity with matrix algebra. It's hard to track the changing course
numbers and availability, but here's the current attempt:

Calculus: 21-121 and 21-122 (Calc I and II), or the 4 mini-courses 21-115 through 21-118

Programming: 15-127 (Intro to Programming and Computer Science)

Matrix algebra, satisfied by any one of

18-200 (Mathematical Foundations of EE),

21-241 (Matrix Algebra),

21-341 (Linear Algebra), OR

permission of instructor.

Also helpful, but not required, is a course on classical mechanics.

This class is mainly about the kinematics and programming of robotic mechanisms.
We also spend some time on dynamics, control, sensor and effector design, and
automatic planning methods. The fundamental techniques apply to arms, mobile
robots, active sensor platforms, and all other computer-controlled kinematic
linkages. Arms are the primary application, and we will do some lab exercises
to program our Denso robot arms to do something interesting. At the end
of the year we will have a tournament involving some manipulation skill. In
past years we have had soccer shootout, darts, and a variety of other tournaments.

You can get a better feel for what will be involved in the class
by looking at
last year's website.