what happens to water particles as ice is heated to water and eventually to steam

This is the temperature where water changes its state of matter from solid to liquid. Scientists call this point a phase-change.
Here the temperature stops increasing. Even though heat is continually added, all the heat goes into melting the ice. [ When all the ice is melted, the temperature begins to climb again until it reaches 100°C (212°F). Once again, the temperature stops climbing. All

the heat goes into turning the water to steam, again changing its state at another phase-point. Once all the water is vaporized, the temperature begins to increase again, due to the fact that the container is closed and the pressure increases. (A steam burn is more damaging than even a burn from boiling water because the steam has a higher temperature). Theoretically the temperature can now increase until the water molecule breaks apart, but there are no more changes of state. ]