Buspirone (BuSpar)

Treats anxiety disorders
Abuse less likely than other anxiolytics
No sedation
Does not potentiate other CNS depressants
Dizziness, nausea
Caution w/ liver or renal disease
Do not use w/in 14 days of MAOIs (hypertensive crisis)
May take weeks for full effect
Do not take w/ erythromycin, grapefruit juice

Loratidine (Claritin)
(Zyrtec, Allegra)

Furosemide (Lasix)

Loop diuretic
Block Na and Cl reabsorption in ascending loop
Can be used w/ renal impairment
Used for pulmonary edema, edema caused by liver/cardiac/kidney disease, htn
Also used for hypercalcemia related to kidney stone formation
Can cause dehydration, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypotension, ototoxicity, hypokalemia (and hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, decreased Ca and Mg)
Can cause dig toxicity due to hypokalemia, lithium toxicity due to hyponatremia
Antihypertensives have additive effect
NSAIDs reduce diuretic effect
Daily weights and I/O
Take early in the day

Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril)

Thiazide diuretic
Blocks Na and Cl reabsorption in distal convoluted tubule
Cannot use w/ impaired renal function
Used for essential htn, edema of CHF/liver/kidney disease
Can cause dehydration, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia
Can cause dig toxicity due to hypokalemia, lithium toxicity due to hyponatremia
Antihypertensives have additive effect
NSAIDs reduce diuretic effect
Take early in the day

Omeprazole (Prilosec)

Proton pump inhibitor
Inhibits enzyme that produces gastric acid
Used for PUD, GERD
Insignificant side effects w/ short term treatment
Long term use increases risk of gastric cancer and osteoporosis
May increase levels of dig
Take once a day prior to eating in the morning
Monitor for GI bleeding

Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel)

Antacid
Neutralize gastric acid
Used to treat PUD, relieve GERD symptoms
Al and Ca can cause constipation
Mg can cause diarrhea, toxicity w/ renal impairment
Na results in fluid retention
Aluminum hydroxide can lead to hypophosphatemia
Al compounds bind to warfarin and tetracycline
Take w/ 8 oz water or milk
Take other meds one hour before or after

Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)

Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)

Osmotic laxative
Draw water into the intestine
Low dose - to prevent painful elimination (hemorrhoids)
High dose - for colonoscopy pre
Also used for rapid evacuation after poisoning or helminth therapy
Can lead to Mg toxicity
May cause dehydration

Alendronate sodium (Fosamax)

Bisphosphonate
Decrease action of osteoclasts
Used for osteoporosis, hyperparathyroidism
Can cause esophagitis, GI disturbances, musculoskeletal pain, visual disturbances, osteonecrosis of the jaw, risk of hyperparathyroidism
Take on empty stomach in early morning w/ at least 8oz water, wait 2 hours to take antacids or Ca, avoid lying down for 30 minutes