ORP, or Redox Potential, is a measurement of water's ability to oxidize contaminants. The higher the ORP, the greater the number of oxidizing agents.

Checking ORP is a simple method to monitor the effectiveness of a sanitizer or the quantity of anti-oxidants in a liquid. In generalized terms for humans, a higher ORP is better for outside of the body, while a lower ORP is preferred for consumption due to the high anti-oxidant value.

There are numerous applications for ORP, each with its own specific optimum value. For example, the minimum ORP for pool & spa disinfection (set by the World Health Organization) is 650 mV. Though the WHO has not set a standard for ORP in drinking water, anything below -550mV is considered too strong and not recommended for drinking.

Reverse osmosis (RO) is a filtration method that removes many types of large molecules and ions from solutions by applying pressure to the solution when it is on one side of a selective membrane. The result is that the solute is retained on the pressurized side of the membrane and the pure solvent is allowed to pass to the other side.

Reverse osmosis is most commonly known for its use in drinking water purification from seawater, removing the salt and other substances from the water molecules.