Cell Project

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BC: The End

FC: The Cell and Its Delicious-ness By: Aaron Amistad

1: The Cell Theory | Another part of the cell theory is that any cell is a building block for tons of construction of organisms. | The third and final part of the cell theory is that all cells either form by other cells. | One part of the cell theory is that all living organisms are composed of cells, unicellular or even multicellular. | What the cell theory states is that every organisms are composed of very similar units of organization, known as cells.

2: He was born on July 18th, 1635 in Freshwater, on the Isle of Wight. | Robert Hooke

3: One day Hooke examined the sliver of a cork through a microscope and noticed some "pores" or "cells." At the time Hooke believed that cells had the purpose of being containers for the "noble juices" or "fibrous threads" of the once-living cork tree. He also thought that cells only existed in plants he had only observed the structures that are only in plant material. Hooke also made a book called Micrographia which about his observations through a microscope, and was also the first book like this at the time. Hooke also wrote Hooke's Law, a law of elasticity for solid bodies. Robert is one of the most neglected natural philosophers of all time. The inventor of: the iris diaphragm in cameras, the universal joint used in motor vehicles, the balance wheel in a watch.

4: He was born on October 13th, 1831 in Swidwin, Poland. | Rudolf Virchow

5: When he was a young physician, Virchow held the radical belief that disease would originally came from cells but, not in tissues, organs, or entire organisms. Rudolf was also a rebel in med school, conducting tons experiments that continuously proved him wrong and that an accepted idea was that phlebitis was the cause of most diseases. Virchow then made the basic medical rule of "Omnis cellula e cellula", or "Every cell originates from another cell" the biogenic law.. Rudolf's work, Cellular Pathology explained his discovery of disease, like life itself, occurs at a cellular level. He conducted medical research into the cause of pulmonary thromboembolisms, studied animal parasites that plague humans, and named leukemia ("white blood"), describing it correctly as a proliferation of the white cells.

7: Schwann followed in his father's footsteps by having the love of constructing many machines of many kinds. He first went to the Jesuits college in Cologne, then Bonn, and Würzburg for medical studies. Johannes Müller then persuaded Schwann to enter a scientific career and appointed him assistant at the anatomical museum. In 1838 Theodor was called to the chair of anatomy at the Roman Catholic university of Louvain. He was also the one who discovered the digestive enzyme pepsin in 1836. Schwann showed that yeast were tiny plant-like organisms, and that fermentation was a biological process. He was known as a master microscopist whom examined things like animal tissue and, specifically working on the notochord development with tadpoles. In microscopic researches on the Conformity in Structure and Growth Between Animals and Plants, In 1839, Schwann extended Schleiden's cell theory to animals, stating that all living things are made of cells. He also believed that new cells form outside pre-existing cells, and constructed an analogy to the formation of crystals. Schwann also recognized nuclear structures which was close to what another scientist, Schleiden, had observed in plants.

8: Matthias Schleiden | He was born on April 5th, 1804 in Hamburg, Germany.

9: Matthias had gone to school for law in Heidelberg, then received his pHD in 1826, and became a lawyer in his hometown of Hamburg. The problem was that he did not find this profession satisfactory despite the success and attempted suicide. After the failed attempt he decided to start all over with his career and began the path of medicine and botany. During that time he also mainly worked with plant anatomy and plant physiology. This then led Schleiden to propose the cell theory for plants. He was first to recognize the importance of cells as fundamental units of life. In Schleiden's most well-known article, Schleiden described Robert Brown's discovery of the cell nucleus. He then made very accurate examinations of plant cells and the cell's activities and all of this led to the beginning of plant cytology.

10: Prokaryotic Cells | Prokaryotic cells are quite different from eukaryotic cells. The major difference between the two is that prokaryotic cells have no nuclei what so ever. Prokaryotic cells are also smaller and less complex in comparison to eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells may not have nuclei but they do still have DNA and functions of DNA, and take the shape of: rod shaped, spiral, and spherical like shapes. Another thing about prokaryotic cells is that the DNA is circular and has no end. | Some examples of prokaryotic cells are: E. Coli Bacterium and Salmonella Bacterium.

11: Eukaryotic Cells | Eukaryotic cells are basically the opposite of the prokaryotic cells. For instance they actually have nuclei and are much larger and more complex that prokaryotic cells. The shape of their DNA is not like prokaryotic cells, they're actually linear. There's much more to expand on both types, but that would be overwhelming. | Some examples of eukaryotic cells are: animal cells and plant cells.

12: Cell Structures! | Golgi Apparatus The golgi apparatus is a set of flattened membrane bound sacs that serve as the packing and distribution center of the cell.

13: Cell Wall | The cell wall provides support for cells with no internal skeleton. They also provide structure for cells with internal support. It is a more defined and square surrounding of a cell.

14: Microtubules | Microtubules transport RNA to different parts of the body's cells. They are orange and straw-like organelles.

15: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | The rough endoplasmic reticulum moves proteins and other substances within eukaryotic cells. It is rough and folded.

16: Nucleus | The nucleus is a round, large, and is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope. Also holds the cell's DNA.

17: Flagellum | The flagellum is a thread-like structure that protrudes from the cell's surface. It enables the movement by rotating; propelling the organism through it's environment.

18: Nucleolus | The nucleolus is round, small, makes ribosomes, in the center of the nucleus, and contains the genetic information.

19: Mitochondria | Mitochondria is a round and oval-like organelle. It is also the organelle that harvests energy from organic compounds to make ATP.

20: Lysosome | Lysosomes are small spheres inside the cell. Their function is to hold and release enzymes into the cell and also transport enzymes from cell to cell.

21: Central Vacuole | The central vacuole is rigid, large, whimsical, and blue. It stores tons of water and can contain substances like ions, nutrients, and waste. It also enables the plant to stand upright.

22: Cell Membrane | The cell membrane is a barrier between the inside of a cell and the environment that protects the cells, and a phospholipid layer that covers a cell's surface.

23: Homeostasis | The biology definition of homeostasis is the tendency of an organism and/or cell to regulate its inside conditions, usually by a system of feedback controls, so it can stabilize health and functioning of the outside changing conditions. It is also the ability of the body or a cell to seek and maintain the condition of equilibrium or stability within the environment once dealing with outside changes.