Chapter 12 Slides Flashcards Preview

Three major layers

crust, mantle, core

Gravity and Layered Planets

dense iron sinks to the center

mineral phase change

lower mantle rocks undergo this as the minerals are compressed under higher pressures

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P waves

compressional seismicFastest

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S waves

shear seismiccannot travel through liquid

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Seismic Waves

P and S waves travel fastest in stiff (rigid) rocks velocities vary based on composition of the rocks interactions between seismic waves and Earth;s layersreflect and refract as they pass through the different layers of Earth

Crust

Moho

boundary between the crust and the mantle P waves increase abruptly increase at the Moho and refract as they cross

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Mantle

over 82 percent of Earth is the mantle layer between the crust and the core solid rocky layer

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Upper Mantle

made of peridotite, iron, magnesium, rich rock lithospheric mantle is the uppermost art of the mantle and extends down to 200 kilometers asthenosphere weak layer beneath the lithospheric mantle lowest portion of the upper mantle is the transition zone

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lower mantle

extends from the transition zone to the liquid core largest layer 56% percent of Earth's volume

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D" layer of the mantle

boundary between the rocky lower mantle and the liquid outer core Cool regions thought to be the remnants of subducted lithospheric platesHot regions through to be start of deep mantle plumes