Common lab tests

Lab work uses samples of body fluids or tissues to screen for health conditions and diagnose disease. Common types of lab tests include:

Tests of body chemicals

These tests measure levels of chemical components in body fluids, such as blood and urine, to help your doctor assess a variety of conditions. They are commonly used to detect cholesterol levels, risk of diabetes, certain kidney disorders and diseased organs. Read more about common clinical chemistry tests.

Blood tests

Blood tests such as complete blood count (CBC) can be used to diagnose anemia, certain cancers of the blood and bleeding and clotting disorders, among other conditions. Learn more about blood tests.

Tests for infection

Tests used to identify infectious agents in the body, like bacteria, fungi and parasites, are called microbiological tests. You may be asked to provide a blood sample, stool/urine culture or throat swab/culture for these tests. Results can identify conditions like strep throat, influenza and pneumonia. Learn more about microbiology.

Tests of cells and tissues

Cytology and histology are studies of cells and tissues, used to diagnosis cancer and other diseases. Pap smears used in women’s health screenings are one example where cytology is used to detect disease. Read more about cytology.

Urine tests

An analysis of a urine sample is a good way to determine the health of your kidneys and identify disease. Learn more about urinalysis.

Rapid screen tests

Rapid screenings can be done in the office or clinic. The results usually arrive in minutes. Common rapid tests can detect:

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