Changing urban environmentsUrbanisation is the growth in the proportion of a country's population living in urbanareas. More than 50% of the worlds population live in urban areas It is happening faster in poorer countries More than 80% of the UK's population live in urban areasUrbanisation is caused by ruralurban migration, good healthcare, and a high birthrate in cities.Ruralurban migration is the movement of people from the countryside to the cities.Reasons why people in poorer countries move from rural areas to cities: Shortage of services e.g. education in rural areas People believe standard of living is better in urban areas (often not the case) More jobs in urban areas Industry is attracted to cities due to larger workforce and better infrastructureReasons why people in richer countries move from rural areas to cities: More urbanisation occurred in the industrial and agricultural revolutions More jobs, new factories Last 20th century people left rundown inner city areas and moved to the countryside but now people are being encouraged back by the redevelopment of these areasParts of a city CBD The Inner City The Suburbs The Ruralurban Fringe Commercial centre of Around the CBD Housing areas Right at the edge of the city Poor quality housing Land is cheaper the city Very high land values Older industrial Middleclass Both rural and urban Competition for space buildings families live here land uses Buildings are tall Rundown/deprived Nicer environment Fewer, larger Very few people live Newer housing and Less houses here industry where crime/pollution derelict land has been cleared and redevelopedLand useCountries like France, Italy and Sweden, their inner city areas are where the wealthiermiddleclasses live and the suburbs are the more deprived areas. Sometimes the land usedoes not match the model.

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Urban Issues 1. Shortage of good quality housing 2. Rundown CBDs 3. Traffic congestion/pollution from cars 4. Ethnic SegregationGrowing populations need more housing Urban renewal schemes New Towns Relocation incentives Encourage investment in Brand New towns built to Encouraging people living in new housing, services and house overspill populations large council houses to employment in derelict inner Milton Keynes is a good move out of urban areas.…read more

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Many urban areas have a variety of culturesReasons for ethnic segregation: People prefer to live close to others of the same background and religion and who speak the same language People live near to services that are important to their culture e.g. places of worship People of same ethnic background often are restricted in where they can live e.g.…read more

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Involve government and local People pay small around of Funded by local government people working together to rent for a site and borrow to improve the temporary improve life money to buy building accommodation which is materials aimed to improve life Environmental Issues Waste disposal problems (damages health + environment) More air pollution More water pollution Waste disposal is a serious problem in poorer countries because: Money (cannot afford to dispose of waste safely) Infrastructure (do not have the infrastructure needed so people cannot remove…read more

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More recycling means Historical buildings and Derelict areas Homes, which Means fewer carsfewer resources are natural environments that have been generate as much so less pollution.used. Less waste is are open spaces and used but not energy as they use Use ethanol busesproduced. resources. They should now. Using this e.g. solar panels to to reduce pollution.Safely disposing toxic be left so it can be stops green produce energy. E.g.…read more