15 Fixed Species ConceptThe creator had designed each and every species for a particular purpose.Carolus Linnaeus interpreted organismal adaptations as evidence that the Creator had designed each species for a specific purposeLinnaeus was the founder of taxonomy, the branch of biology concerned with classifying organisms

16 ResultNo evolution.Created the viewpoint that all species could be identified and named (Taxonomy).A major factor in the Linnaeus classification system.

28 Charles LyellIncorporated Hutton’s gradualism into a theory called Uniformitarianism.

29 UniformitarianismGeological processes have operated at the same rate over the Earth’s history.Result - The Earth must be VERY old. (much older than 6000 years of the fixed species concept).Idea that slow and subtle processes can cause substantial change.

35 Lamark Mechanisms 1. Use and Disuse - 2. Acquired CharacteristicsBody parts used to survive become larger and stronger.Body parts not used to survive deteriorate.2. Acquired CharacteristicsModifications acquired by use/disuse were passed on to offspring.

36 Problem No knowledge of genetics.Acquired traits are not transmitted offspring.

37 Lamarck’s CreditsDid suggest correctly the role of fossils in evolution.Did suggest that adaptation to the environment is a primary product of evolution.