Eyewitnesses
who Confirmed the 17th Earl of Oxford was William Shakespeare

Abstract—For the past four and a half centuries, William Shakespeare’s fame as both poet and playwright has remained secure, despite increasing doubt that he actually wrote the works attributed to him. Biographies abound, but all fall short of factual evidence. What little is known for certain about this man is so commonplace, it could apply to a great many others; even the name he used was not Shakespeare, but often written and mostly pronounced with a short ‘a’ as Shakspere, Shaxpere, Shacksper et al. As scholarship became increasingly analytical so the incompatibility between what can be inferred from the works of Shakespeare and its total absence from what is known about the man, said to have written them, has become very apparent. To overcome this shortfall, while remaining faithful to a tradition inherited from less sceptical scholars, modern minds have applied the Cinderella effect. What is wished for is forced into that which cannot comfortably contain it. Most noticeably, this applies to Robert Greene’s scribbled notes made shortly before his death, and published by Henry Chettle in the form of a letter addressed to three playwrights. Everything concerning the ensuing confusion between the separate identities of Shakespeare and Shakspere can be deduced from Chettle’s libellous letter and his subsequent, grovelling apology. Concealed within the fracas caused by Chettle is the reason why the 17th Earl of Oxford, Edward de Vere, was using the penname Shakespeare, and why he had hired Shakspere to act as his allonym for a poem, Venus and Adonis, that he wished to dedicate to the nineteen-year-old 3rd Earl of Southampton, Henry Wriothesley, but without being identified as its author. Oxford’s excessive adulation for Southampton had been seen by his peers to have exceeded polite friendship. And, to make matters worse, he had committed his most intimate emotions to sonnet form, and then circulated them privately among his literary friends. Lord Burghley was legally related to both earls, and realized the scandal that would erupt in the religiously charged atmosphere of the reign if these two earls’ identities were discovered as participants in the sonnets. He saw his own position in peril therefore that of the throne, for Queen Elizabeth relied upon his astute, political judgement. The steps he took to distance Oxford from his authorship of these sonnets became his goal. It was finally reached when Francis Meres’s book, Palladis Tamia, transferred Oxford’s plays and sonnets to William Shakespeare: the secret penname Oxford had used for Venus and Adonis, and The Rape of Lucrece. Will Shakspere had been a recent arrival in London where he became attached to the Curtain and Theatre in Shoreditch. It was while there that he agreed to act as Oxford’s allonym for two poems the peer had written to Southampton. Their subsequent success, and the continuing blind that they had been written by Shakespeare, aka Shakspere, eventually led to this midlander taking on the role of allonym, permanently. Among Oxford’s literary circle, the dispossession of Oxford’s genius and its attribution to a man of no talent quickly became an open secret, governed by a censorship that, with near certainty, led to Marlowe’s assassination in 1593, Thomas Kyd’s death in the following year, and may also have resulted in Thomas Watson’s sudden demise in 1592. Others, close to Oxford, took warning and remained silent. The rune ciphers were therefore seen as the only way to inform later generations of what had occurred. In 1550 Girolamo Cardano, an Italian scholar and mathematician invented a new method for concealing secret information in an innocent cover text. This became the vehicle for six famous eyewitnesses (Thomas Nashe, Ben Jonson, Thomas Thorpe, Leonard Digges, John Benson and even Edward de Vere) encrypting secret statements that named de Vere as ‘Shakespeare’. To this, each one added to their encryption the codeword ‘rune’, with its meaning, whispering in secret; it gave cohesion to the immensity of what they had undertaken. The result of having recently deciphered these Cardano Grilles has meant that forensic evidence, missing for more than four centuries, now exists; and with it, the certainty required to prove beyond intelligent doubt that William Shakespeare was actually the penname of Edward de Vere, the disgraced 17th Earl of Oxford, who was forced to surrender his immortality to another, as he openly admitted in Sonnet 81.

See also: GREAT OXFORD: Essays On The Life And Work Of Edward de Vere 17th Earl of Oxford, 1550 - 1604

Published by Parapress Ltd. in 2004 and edited by Richard Malim with a foreword by Sir Derek Jacobi.
Essays include two by David L Roper:-
"Henry Peacham's Chronogram: the Dating of Shakespeare's Titus Andronicus"
"By Shakespeare's Other Avon"

FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY ANTHOLOGY 1957 - 2007

Published by The Shakespeare Oxford Society in the U.S.A.
The 50th Anniversary Anthology contains a collection of the more important essays that have appeared in The Oxfordian and the Shakespeare Oxford Society's monthly newsletter during the previous half century.
Included amongst these is an essay by David L Roper
"Henry Peacham's Chronogram"

Fermat's Last Theorem

The solution to this problem, which has long defied the efforts of the best mathematical brains, is easily explained, although less easy to prove.
Its solution depends upon my recent discovery, hidden in the binomial theorem that appears to have been previously overlooked; perhaps because, at first glance, it seems too trivial.

Thus, if x^p + y^p = z^p in natural numbers, (p prime > 3), it is possible to obtain the equation:
w^p=u^p +puvw2k + v^p.
The binomial theorem certainly proves this equation is genuine; but, if and only if x, y, and z are each divisible by 2.
This result leads to Fermat's famed proof by infinite descent. Because after dividing x, y, and z by 2, the same argument can again be repeated, endlessly in fact; except, the natural numbers terminate at zero. Infinite descent is therefore not possible.

After Prof. Sir Andrew Wiles FRS proved the Taniyama-Shimura conjecture, many professional mathematicians turned against Fermat, believing him to be mistaken, when he stated that he had a truly wonderful proof for his theorem.
The contrary announcement above, when accompanied by a rigorous proof, entirely validates Fermat's priority as having a 'wonderful proof', (see evidence for this statement). Binomial proof for m

Bishop George Berkeley's Proof of GodGeorge Berkeley (1685-1753) is a philosopher of international repute. He lived at the beginning of the modern age, when it had just begun to herald in the rationalist approach to knowledge, that was to become the forerunner to the modern scientific way we think about the world. Far from being against obtaining knowledge of the natural world, he contributed to it. For this, he is still remembered by the valuable insights he made concerning Isaac Newton's "Principia", and the lack of rigour the great man of science had attached to "vanishing increments".
It is, however, for his philosophical theology that he is most remembered.
If the universe, in all that we understand of it, was created by God, then He would need to have created man so that he would be able to know His Creation. But one can know only what is contained in the mind. Why, then, he asked, should God not create the universe directly in the minds of men? The result would be the same. The arguments he proposed for this are both logical and profound, and have never ceased to attract the attention of all great thinkers.
Cinema-goers familar with the films: The Matrix and The Matrix Reloaded will be able to recognise a number of similarities with Berkeley's thesis. [pdf]

Time
A short paper that investigates the reality of time in the universe. Would time exist if there was no sentient life in the universe? Can time be reduced to single instants? If so, is there a finite number of instants occupying a single period of time; or is the number of such instants infinite? What is the difference between time and space-time? Is time connected to consciousness? Are past, present, and future states of the universe eternal? These are some of the questions approached, in this paper? [pdf]

Cryptology
A short paper explaining how to examine, arithmetically, a piece of text for the presence of a concealed message that may have been inserted into it, using Equidistant Letter Sequencing. The example used for this demonstration is the inscription beneath the bust of William Shakespeare in the church of the Holy Trinity at Stratford-upon-Avon. The inscription writer specifically challenged all who passed by to read if they can, who it is that has place there.
[pdf]

Factoring: Without Dividing by Prime Numbers
An investigation into factoring numbers without recourse to division, or to prime numbers. [pdf]

David L Roper was the first person to expose the existence of the Cardano grilles, encrypted by named eye witnesses, Tom Nashe; Ben Jonson; Thomas Thorpe; Leonard Digges; John Benson; and Edward de Vere, himself. Each one confirmed Edward de Vere did, in fact, write the plays and poems assigned to his pen name, William Shakespeare, (proof available below).
David Roper is also the first person to rediscover the proof employed by Pierre de Fermat for what became known as his ‘Last Theorem’. He is currently attempting to correct the history of mathematics by restoring Fermat's original proof in place of the Taniyana-Shimura Conjecture that was proved by Sir Andrew Wiles, and which has replaced Fermat's claim to priority, (Evidence availble below.)
In 2013 David published, for the first time, a complete set of one-to-one historical references set against the 111 mottoes that Saint Malachy predicted would apply to the popes who reigned from 1143 onwards.
His latest book advances the arguments proposed by Bishop George Berkeley for the existence of God. It therefore introduces a reappraisal of scientific knowledge based upon time, as understood from Einstein's theory of special relativity and the quantum state of the universe according to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation.