These hornbills are found in the forests of parts of South and much of Southeast Asia. They feed almost entirely on fruit, except when females are nesting and males bring them insects, crustaceans, small reptiles, and amphibians. These birds are quite social, traveling in flocks of around 20 individuals, and often congregating in groups of up to 400 at communal roosting sites. Pairs mate for life, which can be about 20 years in the wild. Like most hornbills, the females remain sealed in tree hollows while nesting, relying on the males to feed them for around four months.