Two randomized controlled trials showed that children (5-8 years of age) assigned to receive a nutrient-enriched formula during infancy had 22-38% greater fat mass than those assigned to receive a standard formula. Inter

The intestinal microbiota plays a critical role in the establishment and maintenance of healthy immune responses. Delayed colonisation of the infant gut with commensal bacteria or alterations in the microbiota profile

The brain undergoes tremendous growth and specialization during early life and into young adulthood. A spurt in brain growth takes place from approximately the beginning of the third trimester of pregnancy until 2 years

The idea that nutrition may act during a critical window early in development to permanently affect, or ‘program’, long-term health first emerged from studies in animals but is now strongly supported in humans.

The LC-PUFAs docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) occur in high levels in the brain and play a key role in the growth and function of the CNS. However, LC-PUFA synthesis in both the foetus and young