EU to move spotlight from austerity to reforms on Wednesday

Civil servants chant slogans during a protest against government austerity measures in Oviedo, northern Spain May 24, 2013.

Reuters/Eloy Alonso

BRUSSELS The European Commission will further shift the EU's policy focus from austerity to structural reforms to revive growth when it presents economic recommendations for each member state on Wednesday, officials said.

In its annual assessment as guardian of the EU's budget rules, the Commission will say that while fiscal consolidation should continue, its pace can be slower now that a degree of investor confidence in the euro has been restored.

Because highly indebted governments cannot afford to kickstart growth through public spending, they must reform the way their economies are run - by making labor markets more flexible or by opening up product and services markets.

"The main message will be that the emphasis is shifting to structural reforms from austerity," one senior EU official said.

The recommendations, once approved by EU leaders at a summit in late June, will become binding and are expected to influence how national budgets are drafted for 2014 and onwards.

The 17 countries that share the euro will have halved the pace of budget consolidation in 2013 compared to 2012, as the overall budget deficit of the euro zone fell by 1.5 percent of GDP in 2012 but will only shrink a further 0.75 percent this year, the European Commission forecast this month.

The United States plan to reduce their budget deficit by 2 percent of GDP in 2013 against 2012. Unless policies change the overall euro zone consolidation will be only 0.1 percent of GDP in 2014, the Commission said, against 1 percent in the U.S.

The Commission has already indicated that it will give France, the euro zone's second biggest economy, and Spain, the fourth largest, two extra years to bring their budget deficits below the EU ceiling of 3 percent of GDP, and other countries are also expected to get a year's extension.

MORE CONSOLIDATION TIME IN EXCHANGE FOR REFORMS

But in exchange, both France and Spain will have to commit to broad structural and labor-market reforms intended to make their economies more competitive and help create jobs. Those prescriptions are likely to sit uncomfortably with unions.

"Even more important for France (than fiscal consolidation) is that France will put renewed, strong emphasis on the labor market, the pension system, on opening up of closed professions and service markets," EU Economic and Monetary Affairs Commissioner Olli Rehn said earlier in May.

"France badly needs to unblock its growth potential and create jobs and this is at least as important as continuing with fiscal consolidation," he said.

French unemployment is above 10 percent of the workforce and set to grow. In Spain it is 27 percent, with more than half of young people without jobs. Spain's rate is more than double the euro zone average of 12 percent.

The Commission is likely to ask France to tackle its rigid labor code which makes it very difficult to fire someone on a permanent contract, making employers reluctant to hire.

Also the minimum wage in France, which at 1,430 euros a month is among the highest in Europe, hinders employment and makes French products less competitive globally.

France should also open up closed professions like taxi drivers, notaries and more generally legal professions and the health sector, allow competition into railways and into electricity, where state-owned EDF has 85 percent both in the production and retail markets.

Slovenia, the Netherlands, Portugal and Poland are also likely to get more time to bring down their budget gaps.

Italy also is likely to see the end of EU disciplinary budget action on Wednesday and Hungary is another candidate.