Naloxone, a potent opioid antagonist is the deterrent component of Suboxone
that is not sublingually absorbed and has minimal oral absorption. If injected parenterally,
opioid-tolerant patients will experience withdrawal signs and symptoms thus deterring
abuse.

Utilizes RESISTEC technology, a unique polymer and processing that makes the tablet difficult to crush, break or dissolve. It also forms a viscous gel when dissolved in aqueous solutions, making injection difficult.

Utilizes BeadTek technology, a combination of indistinguishable mix of inactive beads, active immediate-release and active ext-rel hydrocodone beads. The inactive beads maintain the 12hr release properties of the drug when taken as directed, but will immediately form a viscous gel when crushed and dissolved in liquids or solvents.

It is crush and extraction resistant. Utilizes the tamper-resistant technology,
OROS Push-Pull osmotic delivery system which releases hydromorphone at a controlled rate
over an extended period of time.

Utilizes AVERSION technology, a combination of active and inactive ingredients
that provide abuse deterrent features.
If dissolved for IV inj, a viscous gelatinous mixture will form trapping oxycodone
inside, thus making it not suitable for injection. If crushed and snorted, inactive
ingredients will cause nasal discomfort.

Utilizes INTAC technology consisting of a specific manufacturing
process and excipients to resist crushing, forms a gel that cannot be easily injected or
snorted if dissolved in solutions, and to resist extraction of active drug via solvents.

Utilizes INTAC technology consisting of a specific manufacturing process and
excipients to resist crushing, forms a gel that cannot be easily injected or snorted
if dissolved in solutions, and to resist extraction of active drug via solvents.

Agonist/Antagonist combinations - An opioid antagonist
can be added to interfere with, reduce, or defeat the euphoria associated with abuse. The
antagonist can be sequestered and released only upon manipulation of the product. For
example, a drug product may be formulated such that the substance that acts as an antagonist
is not clinically active when the product is swallowed but becomes active if the product is
crushed and injected or snorted.

Aversion - Substances can be combined to produce an
unpleasant effect if the dosage form is manipulated prior to ingestion or a higher dosage
than directed is used.

Physical/Chemical barriers - Physical barriers can
prevent chewing, crushing, cutting, grating, or grinding. Chemical barriers can resist
extraction of the opioid using common solvents like water, alcohol, or other organic
solvents. Physical and chemical barriers can change the physical form of an oral drug
rendering it less amenable to abuse.

Prodrug - A prodrug that lacks opioid activity until
transformed in the GI tract can be unattractive for IV inj or intranasal routes of
abuse.

Combination - Two or more of the above methods can be combined to
deter abuse.

A web-based cognitive behavior therapy program may be associated with greater reductions in aberrant drug-related behavior, pain interference, and pain catastrophizing in patients with chronic pain treated with opioids who ...