The founder of the dynasty, Qutb-ud-din Aybak, was a Turkish ex-slave of the Aybak tribe who rose to command the armies and administer the territory of Muhammad Ghori in India.

After the brief reigns of Balban's grandson and great-grandson, the Slavedynasty was overthrown by Jalal-ud-din Feroz Khalji of the Khalji dynasty, who had established themselves in Bihar and Bengal in Muhammad Ghori's reign.

A mamluk (Arabic: مملوك (singular), مماليك (plural), "owned"; also transliterated mameluk, mameluke, or mamluke) was a slave soldier who converted to Islam and served the Muslim caliphs and the Ayyubid sultans during the Middle Ages.

The first Mamluk dynasty was named Bahri after the name of one of the regiments, the Bahirya or River Island regiment.

By this time the new slave recruits were introduced from Georgia in the Caucasus.

The Khilji dynasty established themselves as rulers of Bengal under the SlaveDynasty of the Sultanate of Delhi.

The Slavedynasty served as the first Sultans of Delhi in India from 1206 to 1290.

Ikhtiar Uddin Muhammad bin Bakhtiar Khilji, one of the generals of Qutb-ud-din Aybak, conquered Bihar and Bengal in the late 12th century, and the Khiljis were feudatories of the SlaveDynasty of Delhi Sultans.

Several Turko-Afghan dynasties ruled from Delhi: the Slavedynasty (1206-90), the Khilji dynasty (1290-1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320-1413), the Sayyid dynasty (1414-51), and the Lodi (1451-1526).

Qutb-ud-din Aybak, one of his generals, proclaimed himself Sultan of Delhi and established the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, the Slave or Mamluk dynasty (mamluk means "slave") after Muhammad's death in 1206.

The Khilji or Khalji dynasty, who had established themselves as rulers of Bengal in the time of Muhammad Ghori, took control of the empire in a coup which eliminated the last of the Mamluks.

Slave society evolves into feudalism, as large landholders jockey for control of the regional governments.

SONG(Sung) Dynasty (that held off the Mongols from 960-1279AD) strengthened Confucionism as the state "religion" and made rigorous testing compulsory for the myriad of officials that ruled the country on a daily basis.

MING Dynasty (1368-1644AD) A wonderful period in China, when the country was at peace, the arts continued to flourish, and trade with the other nations of Asia (especially Indonesia and the Philippines) grew to extensive proportions.

The military slavedynasty par excellence; not only did almost all the soldiers begin their careers as slaves, but they formed the government in Cairo and passed the rule on to other slaves.

A slave owner recruits aliens because their foreign origin also increases their susceptibility to being molded; the owner can isolate a foreigner by eliminating any ties outside his immediate household and by forcing him to depend entirely on the small world of the master and his fellow slaves.

For the sake of comparison with ordinary slaves, the life of a military slave may be divided into three parts: acquisition, transition, and employment; at each stage his life-pattern differs dramatically from that of the ordinary slave.

Six Dynasties SIX DYNASTIES [Six Dynasties] period of Chinese history between the fall of the Han dynasty (AD 220) and the unification of China under the Sui dynasty (AD 589).

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms FIVE DYNASTIES AND TEN KINGDOMS [Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms] period of Chinese history between the fall of the T'ang dynasty (AD 907) and the establishment of the Sung dynasty (AD 960).

Background The Ch'ing dynasty was established by the Manchus, who invaded China and captured Beijing in 1644, and lasted until 1911.

Iltutmish is known as the third and greatest sultan of the SlaveDynasty.

With Balban's death in 1287 was the end of the SlaveDynasty although the Dynasty actually lasted for three years after by his inept and competing grandsons.

In general, the Hindus were grateful to Aybak and the succeeding kings of the Turkish Dynasty for at least one major reason: their ability to militarily defend against Mongol invaders, such as Ghengiz Khan, who terrorized neighboring kingdoms with their barbaric conquests.

The founder of the dynasty, Qutb-ud-din Aybak, was a Turkish ex-slave of the Aybak tribe who rose to command the armies and administer the territory of Muhammad Ghori in India.

Iltutmish married Qutb-ud-din's daughter, and all but one of the later sultans of the dynasty were his descendants, including his daughter, Razia, who reigned for four years.

After the brief reigns of Balban's grandson and great-grandson, the Slavedynasty was overthrown by Jalal-ud-din Feroz Khalji of the Khalji dynasty, who had established themselves in Bihar and Bengal in Muhammad Ghori's reign.

Concerning having slave women, we would like to let you know that it happens to be a practice necessitated by the condition in which early Muslims found themselves vis-a-vis non-Muslims, as both parties engaged in wars.

It is, rather, means of freeing slaves; and this is clarified above in the fact that if a master got a female slave pregnant, then he could neither sell her nor give her away as a present.

The first slave that was given to him by his wife Khadija was Zayd Ibn Haritha whom the Prophet adopted as his son and called him after his name (that was before adoption was declared forbidden in Islam), but later on called him after his father.

He became the founder of the SlaveDynasty (because they were slaves at one time) and came to power in 1206.

Shams-ud-din Iltumish, another slave of Turkish extraction, who also was the son in law of Aibak, succeeded Aibak after the customary confusion and bloodbath.

The earlier sultans of the SlaveDynasty also have the dubious distinction of having been responsible for the destruction of countless temples in North India, though the attacking Mongols kept the later sultans busy, leaving them with little time for temple destruction.

The slave who shall not have, on the property of his owner, a lot of ground to cultivate on his own account, shall be entitled to receive from the said owner one linen shirt and pantaloons for the summer, and a linen and woolen great coat and pantaloons for the winter.

Slaves in the South were generally viewed as members of the families to whom they belonged and were the recipients of a truly humanitarian social security from cradle to grave.

Slaves were, in fact, taught to read and write; they did go abroad in a manner forbidden by statute; they did congregate despite laws forbidding their assembling.

The reign of the Shang dynasty roughly began around c1600- c1050bc, during this time the middle class artisans devoted much of their time to perfecting bronze work for ritualistic purposes as well as military basis; while the Shang kings and nobles held positions of high power and prestige over the common day labourer.

The common Shang dynasty labourer lived a very hard and tedious life, like the common Egyptian, everything was done to please the king.

Unfortunately, the Shang kings were very harsh on the people and some even referred to the Shang dynasty as ‘the Slavedynasty’ because the nobility had so much control over the common day workers, they had no shame in sacrificing other humans for ritualistic practices.

The entire history of Islam proves that slaves could occupy any office, and many former military slaves, usually recruited from among the Central Asian Turks, became military leaders and often even rulers as in eastern Iran, India (the SlaveDynasty of Delhi), and medieval Egypt (the Mamluks).

To manumit a slave has always been regarded as one of the most meritorious of all acts, and many passages of the Qur'an recommend or even require it, particularly as a means of expiation for serious faults.

In contrast to the situation under Roman law, slaves were not deprived of the legal ability to exercise their rights and to appeal to a judge against their masters in all cases of illegal treatment.

In 1206, Qutb ud-Din, one of his generals, proclaimed himself sultan of Delhi and founded a line of rulers called the Slavedynasty, because he and several of the sultans who claimed succession from him were originally military slaves.

Under the Khalji dynasty (1290–1320), the conquests of Ala ud-Din Khalji brought Muslim dominion in India to its greatest height until the Mughul empire.

Early in the reign of Muhammad Tughluq, founder of the Tughluq dynasty (1325–98), the power of Delhi was acknowledged even in the extreme S of India.

They were usually just "the slaves," sometimes "the Ball slaves," a puff of fl smoke on the wrinkled horizon of the past.

Eventually he captured the slaves who had run away, sold them, then took his family to England, where he lived for another thirty-eight years, regretting to the last that he had been forced to give up the life of a slave owner.

Ball might own land or slaves (the two did not always come together), and a village of people could be her dowry.

partners.nytimes.com /books/first/b/ball-slaves.html (5597 words)

ShariaHaunt Comments(Site not responding. Last check: )

The infamous slave trade from Africa which the Europeans developed on a grand scale is one of the greatest crimes against humanity.

The infamous slave trade from Africa which the Europeans developed on a grand scale during the 14-19 centuries is one of the greatest crimes against humanity.

Slaves captured in the Caucasus, Eastern Europe, Africa, Balochistan and other places were openly sold in the market.

After the end of the Slavedynasty, a succession of Turkic and Central Asian dynasties, the Khilji dynasty, the Tughluq dynasty, the Sayyid dynasty and the Lodhi dynasty held power in the late medieval period and built a sequence of forts and townships that are part of the seven cities of Delhi.

The Slavedynasty served as the first Sultans of Delhi in India from 1206 to 1290.

Iltutmish married Qutb-ud-din's daughter, and all but one of the later sultans of the dynasty were his descendants, including his daughter, Razia, who reigned for four years.

After the brief reigns of Balban's grandson and great-grandson, the Slavedynasty was overthrown by Jalal-ud-din Feroz Khalji of the Khalji dynasty, who had established themselves in Bihar and Bengal in Muhammad Ghori's reign.