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Any word read in on'yomi in Japanese and using the Sinic hanja reading in Korean is probably ultimately attributable to Middle Chinese, unless evidence can be found of an independent coinage somewhere on the Japanese archipelago or the Korean peninsula.
Terms like the ones below are likely borrowings from Middle or later Korean, rather than Chinese. We can ...

This looks like modern "浮かべる" but it is actually classical "浮かぶ" (四段, "to float") plus what is traditionally taught as the "り" auxiliary verb (助動詞).
Etymologically, of course, it is really just "ari" attached to the ren'yokei 連用形/infinitive: /ukabi/ + /ari/ = /ukab(y)eri/, /ukab(y)eru/ adnominally (as in this case). Frellesvig calls this the "morphological ...

No, it is not. The Japanese use the Chinese Buddhist canon, which is written in classical Chinese. They read the texts using go-on readings throughout. There are of course translations into Japanese, just as there are into English, but they are only meant for study, not for ritual use, and are not considered canonical.

Most modern style guidelines say that adverbs, including しばらく, should be written in hiragana. (examples of adverbs which should be written in hiragana.) It is true that some adverbs are simple enough even in kanji, but many people are conscious of this rule and tend to use hiragana versions.
I think this rule came into existence somewhere during the ...

As noted in the question comments, the kanji 円 was originally 圓. The nutshell version of the article Yang Muye linked is that monks developed a shorthand version of 圓 that looked like a box with a vertical line through it: . Over time, the shape of the surrounding box changed, likely due to the same anatomical and mechanical processes that inform any ...

Please note that kana is not a true syllabic script anymore. The reason for this is due to /n/. For example, take the word /sinbun/ "newspaper". If you break it into its syllables, it is sin.bun. While accents are determined by syllables in some dialects, kana--as well as Japanese speakers--segment this as si.n.bu.n. The appropriate term for this mora.
...

In about 2000 years ago, people in Japan were still using clay vessels and had no characters at all, while China had developed a large civilization and their own writing system, kanji. In those days, Japanese and Chinese used completely different languages, with completely different vocabulary, syllables, and grammar.
In around the 1st to 4th century, kanji ...

おてもと does refer to chopsticks but it is not "another word for chopsticks." That is, you won't say おてもとを取ってください nor 新しいおてもとを買ってこようかな.
According to the source article that Chocolate's Wikipedia article mentions, the word came from a reference to "お手もと箸" (chopsticks for your personal use) in contrast to "お取り箸", which refers to chopsticks for shared dishes that ...

Just given the archaeological record, any such Tamil claims seem unlikely in the extreme, unless the proponents of this view also intend to make the Tamil the ancestors of the modern Koreans.
In terms of material culture, the Yayoi people that became the modern Japanese were pretty clearly from continental Asia, and they entered the Japanese archipelago ...

きつね (foxes) are regarded sacred animals in Shintoism, being servants of the god of harvests ([稲荷]{いなり}神).
(The sign on the 鳥居 (Shinto archway) says 稲荷大神.)
According to legend, a fox's favourite food is 油揚げ (deep-fried tofu slices). Stripes of 油揚げ are what makes きつねうどん きつねうどん. (By the way, 油揚げ can also be sliced up and filled with 酢飯 (sushi rice) and ...

As Snailboat mentioned in her comment, gogen-allguide.com has a good explanation for said etymologies.
Although, I should caution against analyzing Chinese moraically; Chinese is a syllabic language.
While 馬{うま} and 梅{うめ} are etymologically borrowings from Chinese, they predate any of the three major 音読み classifications (ie, 呉音、漢音、唐音), and are thus ...

My answer will be based on the assumption that OP is talking about when 「なんか」 is indeed followed, not preceded, by a noun as s/he so states in the comments (but not in the question).
In informal conversation, there actually exists such a structure.
"なんか + Noun + みたいな（のような） + Noun"
For instance, I have little appetite when I have a fever. Since I do ...

The first phonetic spelling of Japanese was using kanji. This system was called man'yōgana, named after the Man'yōshū, an anthology of poems from the Nara period written in this manner. Hiragana and katakana developed as abbreviated forms of these kanji.
Although spelling wasn't entirely consistent, and multiple characters were used for individual ...

Turning comments into an answer. Credit should go all to the commenters on original question!
Choko:
「さざれ石(=細かい石)が巌【いわお】(=大きな岩)になって、(それに)苔【こけ】が[生]{む}す(=苔が生【は】える)まで。」って意味です。
jogloran:
Is the fact that が=の in this text commonly known to ordinary Japanese speakers?
Choko:
私学の中高に通っていた大学生は結構知らなかったりしますね・・・
College students that went to ...

You've got two distinct questions here, I'll answer them in turn.
Japanese wasn't really 'influenced' by any other syllabic phonetic writing systems; instead, it turns out a syllabary is the most natural kind of phonetic writing system to create out of nothing (or out of a semantically-based system like Chinese). Of the various examples we have of people ...

I think there are multiple interpretations of this character, but it's clearly a combination of 辶 (from 辶) and 軍, which suggests the movement-related meaning came first and "luck" was a derived meaning. But how was it derived? Here's what Henshall has to say:
辶 is movement 129. 軍 is army 466 q.v. Some scholars take the latter in a literal sense, ...

Here is a page showing a detailed study on citation history of the kanji:
http://atonal.fc2web.com/mr/something/gather/otodo_taito/otodo_taito.html
According to it, there is a book from 1981 called 姓氏の語源 'Etymology of Surnames', and it has a short story about the kanji, which goes; One day a young guy showed up at a brokerage office, bought a large amount ...

Historically there were multiple way to write a word, and this wasn't standardized. For example, some very old documents contain both 直音表記 and ヤ行表記.
This was subsequently standardized as 歴史的仮名遣い and then 現代仮名遣い.
So, unless you are living in an ancient era you wouldn't use 直音表記.

There is a whole class of such nouns that exhibit vowel fronting when used as standalone nouns, and not all of them end in -e or -wa. Among other examples, with in-compound forms followed by standalone:
神: かむ vs. かみ
天: あま vs. あめ (also for 雨)
口: くつ vs. くち
目: ま vs. め
手: た vs. て
月: つく vs. つき
木: こ vs. き
One of the reasons for the theory that a certain class ...

As others have noted, the modern な particle used with -na adjectives evolved from なる, itself not the verb なる "to become", but instead a contraction of にある "to be in a state". So from newest form to oldest, using your example of きれい, we would have:
綺麗な女
綺麗なる女
綺麗にある女
The -naru form is still used in modern poetry and other contexts to give things a ...

It seems to be 汗のない社会は堕落だ, which is a variation on 「愛なき人生は暗黒なり。汗なき社会は堕落なり。」Google tells me this is a quote from 前田又兵衛. Something like "A life without love is darkness. A society without effort is corruption."

I'm not finding anything at the level one could cite in a paper after a brief search in Japanese, but three different sources (Japanese Wikipedia, NHK Kids show, and Japanese version of yahoo answers) agree that the original was written in a mix of kana and kanji. The "yahoo answers" answerer points out that there is no copy of the original.

A lot of the times, but not always, this originates in literature. A word like しばらく came up through Heian and Kamakura female writers, so they were written in hiragana from the beginning. 石鹸 on the other hand has its origin in Meiji when a lot of new and fancy Western products entered Japan. There was a need for words that would also describe its utility and ...

The lyrics is written in Classical (Heian-era) Japanese, where the が/の alternation is known to be 180 degree inverted than today, that is, 君が代 is あなたの代 in today's language, so さざれ石の巌となりて → さざれ石が巌となって and 苔の生すまで → 苔が生えるまで. I'm not sure about the origin of the alternation, since the usage is attested in earliest documents.
The original text has multiple ...

This is speculation on my part, but I believe it is possible that when 運 is used to mean one's luck or fortune, it may be interpreted as "[that which is] carried".
To illustrate, consider the word 運命(うんめい), meaning destiny or fate. Taking the two kanji apart, we have:
運ぶ (はこぶ) meaning to carry
and 命(いのち) meaning life.
So, synthesized, it would mean ...

If you look at the classical spellings for your examples the answer becomes obvious rather quickly:
上（うへ）
声（こゑ）
終わる（をはる）
Let's take a closer look at them individually. I'll be using romaji in my explanations because it'll make the relationships clearer as we go.
uhe -> uha -> uwa
kowe -> kowa
In the case of 終わる ←→ 終える, it's the ワ行 equivalent of a ...

My understanding is that until the Meiji era, through the early 1900's, foreign words were most often written in kanji. Perhaps the sudden exposure to foreign cultures and the rise of the merchant class and marketing led to it's emergence as the definitive way to write foreign non-Chinese words. As the script was imported centuries ago, it is possible that ...