BACKGROUND: Autism is a general term for a group of complex developmental disorders, and is generally understood to be a spectrum disorder. This means that there are varying degrees of the disorder and there isn't one clear set of symptoms or afflictions for everyone. Autism generally affects a child's social interaction, speech and learning development, and emotional intelligence. Many children with autism have issues with motor coordination, and can also develop gastrointestinal problems. Some with autism can work and live independently, while others can be completely homebound and dependent. (Source: http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism)

CAUSES: Just as there is no one kind of autism, there is no one cause of the disorder. Research now shows autism can be the result of a variety of problems. There are many small genetic mutations which can lead to autism by themselves. However, there are also a variety of environmental issues which can potentially lead to autism. Some of these include the ages of the parents, illnesses affecting the mother during pregnancy, and complications during birth such as prolonged oxygen deprivation. None of these factors are believed to be directly the cause of autism, but rather members of a variety of factors which eventually lead to the disorder. (Source: http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism)

SYMPTOMS: The signs of autism include a variety of problems in three areas of development - social interaction, language, and behavior. Symptoms can present at different times, with some manifesting as early as infancy and others not appearing until the first few years of life. Common autism symptoms are: Poor eye contact Resists cuddling or holding Delayed speech or doesn't talk at all Develops specific routines or rituals Does not engage in make-believe play (Source: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/autism/DS00348/DSECTION=symptoms)

TREATMENT: There is no cure for autism, but there are treatments to help reduce the symptoms. The primary treatments are behavior and communication therapies, educational therapies, family therapies, and medications. Behavior and communication therapies as well as educational therapies focus on teaching autistic individuals how to act in social situations, communicate with other people, and try to improve their overall behavior. Family therapy is also geared towards teaching people with autism important social skills, but this is done by family involvement rather than with professionals. There are also several alternative therapies designed to help with autism symptoms, such as special diets like the GAPS diet, sensory based therapies, and acupuncture. (Source: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/autism/DS00348/DSECTION=symptoms)