"ABC" Book of the American Revolution!

Comments (0)

Transcript of "ABC" Book of the American Revolution!

"ABC" Book of the American Revolution By: Paige Manzella & Joshua HaydenU.S. History 8 A: B: C: D: E: C: C: F: G: I: J: K: L: M: N: O: P: Q: R: S: T: U: V: W: X: Y: Z: H: The Adams Family & Their roles played Abigail Adams: John Adams: Samuel Adams: Samuel Adams and Patrick Henry were two of the first people to argue for independence. When the Stamp Act of 1765 ordered the colonists to buy stamps from England, Samuel started a protest. Another thing that started the Revolution was the Boston Tea Party that Samuel also helped plan.Samuel Adams signed the Declaration of Independence. The British thought that Samuel Adams was a big troublemaker and they were right. They called him "the most dangerous man in Massachusetts." The British promised they would not punish Colonists who would stop fighting against them, all except Samuel Adams and John Hancock. If the British had won the war, the first to die probably would have been Samuel Adams and John Hancock. She campaigned for the education of women and pioneered the role women were to play in the American Revolution. In 1761, John Adams began to write and act against British measures that he believed infringed on colonial liberties and the right of Massachusetts and the other colonies to self-government.Adams and another prominent lawyer, Josiah Quincy, defended British soldiers who had fired on and killed several members of an unruly mob in Boston. Radicals branded the incident "the Boston Massacre," but Adams believed the soldiers deserved a fair hearing.Adams and another prominent lawyer, Josiah Quincy, defended British soldiers who had fired on and killed several members of an unruly mob in Boston. Radicals branded the incident "the Boston Massacre," but Adams believed the soldiers deserved a fair hearing. In 1779, Adams drafted the Massachusetts Constitution, which would later serve as a model for the U.S. Constitution. During the Revolutionary War he served in France and Holland in diplomatic roles, and helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris at the war's conclusion Founding Fathers: The founding fathers of the united states of America.John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay,Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and George Washington. The founding fathers were political leaders and statesmen who participated in the american revolution by signing the United States Declaration of Independence, Taking part in the American Revolutionary War, And establishing the United states Constitution. Battles of the American Revolution The Battle of Lexington & Concord were the first militaryengaged of the american war.The Battle of Trenton took place after the general George Washington crossing the Delaware river, Battle of Saratoga: Turning point of war; France joined the colonist after this victory, Turning point.Battle of Yorktown: Surrender of Cornwallis, Brought to the ending of the war. Treaty of Paris 1783 The importance of the Treaty of Paris is that it ended the Revolutionary war on September 3, 1783 Liberty Bell * The significances of the liberty bell is a symbol of American Independence. * Bells were rung to mark the reading of the Declaration of Independence on July 8, 1776, and while there is no contemporary account of the Liberty Bell ringing, most historians believe it was one of the bells rung. * In the 1830s, the bell was adopted as a symbol by abolitionist societies, who dubbed it the "Liberty Bell". It acquired its distinctive large crack sometime in the early 19th century—a widespread story claims it cracked while ringing after the death of Chief Justice John Marshall in 1835. "Taxation without representation is tyranney"- James Otis"Give me liberty or give me death."- Patrick Henry"These are the times that try men's souls"- Thomas Paine"I have yet begun to fight"- John Paul Jones"I desire that you would remember the ladies. " - Abigail Adams"There! I guess King George will be able to read that without his glasses."- John Hancock"I regret that I have but on life to lose for my country."- Nathan Hale 2ND Continental Congress Declaration of Independence It was significant, Because it led to our independence from King George the third, It justified our rights to protest against a government that no longer guaranteed us our natural rights. It was written in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, It was written to King George, and the parliament of England. Europeans Help Out! Marquis de Lafayette Friedrich van Stueben Bernardo de Galvez Country: FranceLafayette's real introduction to America came at a dinner on August 8, 1775, when the young Marquis came into contact with the Duke of Gloucester who spoke with sympathy of the struggle going on in the colonies. QUOTES! * Made Washington commander of army* Presented Olive Branch Petition* Set up a committee to write The Declaration of Independence* Set up Government George Washington George Washington was chosen to be the leader of the American army against the French because he knew the woods so well. In Europe, this was called "The Seven Years War," but the Americans called it "The French and Indian War." The English won the war. After Washington left the army, he got married to Martha Danridge Custis in 1759. The Second Continental Congress formed the Continental Army and made George Washington a general. Instruments of War Valley Forge After suffering defeats, George Washington took his army to Valley Forge for the winter of 1777. There, the men were trained and became more of a professional army. The winter was harsh and men suffered from starvation and frostbite. An Early and effective leader in the American revolution. He was a delegate to the Continental Congress in Philadelphia and in 1776 he was a member of the committee which was approved by the delegates. King George III had the throne of England from 1760-1820. He was the reason that the American colonies were lost. King George, after the French and Indian War, had large debts to pay, and thought he could take the money from the colonies.When the Stamp Act was stopped, King George flew into a rage. He thought the colonist should be dealt with harshly for their disobedience and insolence. Using his influence, he pushed through the Townshend acts, in 1766, taxing many common items including tea resulting in the infamous Boston Tea Party. King George was eventually humbled as the American colonies successfully became the United Sates of America. Other colonies began to rebel after America's success and King George remained embroiled in one conflict or another for many years. King George III died in 1820, at the age 82 and his son, George IV, took over for him. King George III Muskets- Muskets could fire as fast as every 15 seconds. It took a sense of timing to be able to drive a charge home while the enemy was unable to fire and break up your lines. The most common weapon. Cannon- The Cannon fired either solid ball, various small shot or sometimes shells. Shells are a hollow iron ball filled with black powder and fitted with a fuse. The shot could be buckshot, musket balls or grape shot, which are larger iron of lead balls about 1 inch in diameter. Thomas Jefferson! It occurred at the Second Continental Congress in 1776. It created a new form of government for the independent colonies and included one branch- a Congress including one representative from each of the former colonies. Writing of the Articles of Confederation Newsmakers of 1776 Lexington & Concord America won. SaratogaAmerica won! Trenton & Princeton America won. Yorktown! America won with the help of the French. Patriots Patrick Henry- a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses, he spoke against the Stamp Act,his famous quote was "Give me liberty of give me death," during the Revolution he served in the Continental Army.Crispus Attucks- a black man, he became the first causality of the American Revolution when he was shot and killed in what became known as the Boston Massacre.Benjamin Franklin- He was a member of the committee which wrote the Declaration of Independence but spent most of the period of the American Revolution in France. He represented the colonies as the American enovy starting in 1776 and remained until 1785. He negotiated the alliance with France and then the Treaty of Paris which ended the war.Haym Solomon- Solomon joined the New York branch of the Sons of Liberty. In September 1776, he was arrested as a spy but the British pardoned him, only after serving 18 months of his sentence and claims of torture on a British boat, in order to use his abilities as an interpreter for their Hessian mercenaries. Solomon used his position to help prisoners of the British escape and encouraged the Hessians to desert the war effort.Paul Revere- He took part in the Boston Tea Party and was principal rider for Boston's Committee of Safety. In that role, he devised a system of lanterns to warn the minutemen of a British invasion, setting up his famous ride on April 18, 1775 Spies and Traitors of the War Benedict Arnold- Benedict Arnold was an early American hero of the Revolutionary War who later became one of the most infamous traitors in U.S. history after he switched sides and fought for the British. At the outbreak of the war, Arnold participated in the capture of the British garrison of Fort Ticonderoga. In 1776, he helped a British invasion of New York at the Battle of Lake Champlain. The following year, he played a big role in bringing about the surrender of British General John Burgoyne's army at Saratoga. Yet Arnold never received the recognition he thought he deserved.. With the British he agreed to turn over on the US. The plot was discovered, but Arnold escaped to British lines. His name has since become synonymous with the word “traitor.”James Armisted- James Armistead was an African American spy during the American Revolution. Born in Virginia as a slave to William Armistead in 1760, he volunteered to join the army in 1781. After gaining the consent of his owner, Armistead was stationed to serve under the Marquis de Lafayette, the commander of French forces allied with the American Continental Army. Lafayette employed Armistead as a spy. While working for Lafayette he successfully infiltrated British General Charles Cornwallis's headquarters posing as a runaway slave hired by the British to spy on the Americans. Yorktown The Battle of Yorktown was the last major battle in the American Revolution. British general Cornwallis was against French general Marquis de Lafayette and General George Washington. French admiral DeGrasse was commander of the French naval fleet and defeated the British navy, this prohibiting them from entering Chesapeake Bay and giving aid and resources to Cornwallis. Cornwallis was surrendered. Washington's troops came from the North and Lafayette's from the South. This was called the 'pincer' strategy. Cornwallis couldn't go anywhere by land, blockage by Washington and Lafayette, or by sea, blockage by DeGrasse. Cornwallis surrendered on October 17, his troops vastly outnumbered. By winning this battle, America won the war Country: GermanyFriedrich Von Steuben was a German-Prussian army officer, who served as inspector general of the continental army, during the American revolutionary war. He is credited with teaching the continental army the essentials of military drill and discipline, helping to guide it to victory. Country: Spain Gálvez aided the American Thirteen Colonies in their quest for independence and led Spanish forces against Britain in the Revolutionary War, defeating the British at the Siege of Pensacola and reconquering Florida for Spain. Heroes of the War Zealous Armies British Americans Strengths Weaknesses They have a lot of ammunition and a lot more men in the battles more ships more food to feed all of the men and there people were trained better The states and congress commissioned more than 1,000 people to help attack the british. During the war they captured hundreds of British ships The Americans knew the land better than the British and they really didn't have anywhere to go nut besides the ships The British had out numbered the americans by thousands and the british had ships and a lot more ammunition than the americans. Tra! READ ALL ABOUT IT! In 1737 Thomas Paine was born in Thetford, England. His family was poor working class. He wrote Common Sense which was a pamphlet that ignited the revolutionary spirit in the American colonies. Of all pamphlets and documents written in the years 1775-1776, Common Sense is the most widely read and most influential. This 47-page pamphlet sold 120,000 copies within 3 months, and during the year 1776, some 500,000 colonist bought copies. Reportedly, George Washington was so persuaded by Paine's words that he stopped supporting the King of England, and some say that Common Sense inspired Thomas Jefferson as he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Paine's words established that devotion to freedom formed the essence of American nationalism--a concept that last to present day. Howe: Redcoats William Howe was one of the British generals during the Revolutionary War. He was born on August 10, 1729 in England. He was the illegitimate uncle of King George the Third, who was the British King during the Revolutionary war. Before Howe was sent to fight he was sympathetic to the colonist but as a soldier he had to fight against them. He came to the colonies on May 25, 1775, as a major general. His troops fought in the battle of Bunker Hill. The British captured the hill. Howe became the regular Commander-in-chief in April 1776. In 1776 Howe's troops began the battle of Long Island where they fought against George Washington. They british won the battle, Howe won the important battle White Plains against Washington. After Washington returning home to find Howe captured Fort Lee, New Jersey. The British had captured all of New York. Howe liked staying in New York. He did not fight for the first art of 177. But when he did fight, He beat George Washington in the Battle of Brandywine and then he took Philadelphia. he the wrote to England asking for permission to retire as Commander-in-chief. On April 14, 1778 , he got a letter telling him he could retire. He then sailed back to England and retired. He died on July 12, 1814 Burgoyne Cornwallis General John Burgoyne (24 February 1722 – 4 August 1792) was a British army officer, politician and dramatist. He first saw action during the Seven Years' War when he participated in several battles, mostly notably during the Portugal Campaign of 1762.Burgoyne is best known for his role in the American War of Independence. During the Saratoga campaign he surrendered his army of 5,000 men to the American troops on October 17, 1777. Appointed to command a force designated to capture Albany and end the rebellion, Burgoyne advanced from Canada but soon found himself surrounded and outnumbered. He fought two battles at Saratoga, but was forced to open negotiations with Horatio Gates. Although he agreed to a convention, on 17 October 1777, which would allow his troops to return home, this was subsequently revoked and his men were made prisoners. Burgoyne faced criticism when he returned to Britain, and never held another active command. , Cornwallis joined the army in 1757, seeing action in the Seven Years' War. Promoted to colonel in 1766, he next saw military action in 1776 in the American War of Independence. Active in the advance forces of many campaigns, in 1780 he inflicted an embarrassing defeat on the American army at the Battle of Camden, though he surrendered his army at Yorktown in October 1781 after an extended campaign through the Southern states which was marked by disagreements between him and his superior, General Sir Henry Clinton.

Despite this defeat, Cornwallis retained the confidence of successive British governments and continued to enjoy an active career. 1786, he was in that year appointed to be Governor General and commander-in-chief in India. There he enacted numerous significant reforms within the East India Company and its territories, including the Cornwallis Code, part of which implemented important land taxation reforms known as the Permanent Settlement. From 1789 to 1792 he led British and Company forces in the Third Anglo-Mysore War to defeat the Mysorean ruler Tipu Sultan.

Returning to England in 1794, Cornwallis was given the post of Master-General of the Ordnance. In 1798 he was appointed Lord Lieutenant and Commander-in-chief of Ireland, where he oversaw the response to the 1798 Irish Rebellion, including a French invasion of Ireland, and was instrumental in bringing about the Union of Great Britain and Ireland. Following his Irish service Cornwallis was the chief British signatory to the 1802 Treaty of Amiens, and was reappointed to India in 1805. He died in India not long after his arrival. Wentworth Cheswell- African- American Patriot, like Paul Revere he made an all night ride back from Boston to warn his community of the impending British invasion- Served in the army and fought in the Battle of Saratoga Mercy Otis Warren- Wife of Massachusetts Patriot- Anonymously wrote several propaganda pieces supporting the Patriot cause Phyllis Wheatley- First African- American poet and first African- American woman to publish a book- Born in Senegambia and sold into slavery at the age of 7 or 8 and transported to America- She was purchased by the Wheatley family, who taught her to read and write, and encouraged her poetry when they saw her talent- Her poem brought her fame in both England, and the thirteen colonies. John Hancock- Merchant, statesman, and prominent patriot of the American Revolution- Served as president of the Second Continental Congress- Was first and third Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts- Remembered for his large and stylish signature on the United States Declaration of Independence John Paul Johns- Founder of U.S. Navy- Led raids on British vessels during the American RevolutionFrancis Marion- Military Officer during the American RevolutionDaniel Morgan- An American pioneer, soldier, and United States Representative from VirginiaNathanael Greene- Major general of the Continental army in the American Revolutionary WarNathan Hale- Soldier for the Continental Army- Volunteer for an intelligence gathering mission in New York City but was captured by the British and hung.Ethan Allen- Was a farmer, businessman, land speculator, philosopher, writer, and American Revolutionary War patriot, hero, and politician.- Founder of Vermont and capture of Fort Ticonderoga. Order of Events United States of America North America in 1763 North America in 1783 Work Cited: "Liberty Bell Facts." Liberty Bell Facts. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. <http://www.ushistory.org/libertybell/facts.html>.

"Time Line of Events Leading to the American Revolution." Time Line of Events Leading to the American Revolution. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. <http://www.homeofheroes.com/hallofheroes/1st_floor/birth/1bc6a.html>.

"TimeRime.com - Events Leading Up to The American Revolution Timeline." TimeRime.com - Events Leading Up to The American Revolution Timeline. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. <http://timerime.com/en/timeline/442348/Events Leading Up to The American Revolution>. "Benedict Arnold." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. <http://www.history.com/topics/benedict-arnold>."The Marquis De Lafayette." The Marquis De Lafayette. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. <http://www.ushistory.org/valleyforge/served/lafayette.html>.