The inner portion of the organ such as the kidney. Inferior portion of the brainstem. Vital to regulating the heartbeat, respiration and blood pressure. Relays messages to other parts of the brain. Controls swallowing, coughing, sneezing, & vomiting.

Pons: Location and function

Part of the brainstem that forms a bridge between the medulla and the midbrain, anterior to the cerebellum. Regulates respiratory centers and nuclei of cranial nerves V-VIII, regulates sleep.

Midbrain: Name Location and function

Superior to the Pons and the diencephalon. Cavity is cerebral aqueduct.Also called the mesencephalon. Regulates visual and auditory reflexors.