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Table 4

Estimates of YLL, YLD, and DALY caused by foodborne illnesses in an average year in Greece per 1 million inhabitants, including plausible range attributable to uncertainty*

Illnesses

Estimated YLL (95% CrI)†

Estimated YLD (95% CrI)†

Estimated DALY (95% CrI)†

Bacterial

Botulism

0.27 (0.021–0.67)

0.0066 (0.00056–0.015)

0.28 (0.021–0.69)

Brucellosis

59 (21–121)

434 (140–856)

493 (174–943)

Campylobacteriosis

1.2 (0.51–2.1)

3.9 (1.5–7.5)

5.14 (2.0–9.4)

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

0.016 (0.0012–0.039)

0.039 (0.0031–0.091)

0.054 (0.0043–0.13)

Leptospirosis

0.81 (0.066–2.7)

0.015 (0.0013–0.046)

0.83 (0.067–2.7)

Listeriosis

4.1 (0.45–9.7)

‡

4.1 (0.45–9.7)

Salmonellosis

31 (8.7–55)

10 (2.9–19)

41 (12–72)

Shigellosis

0.12 (0.060–0.34)

4.1 (0.0021–0.12)

0.16 (0.0081–0.46)

Typhoid and paratyphoid fever

2.3 (0.21–5.4)

0.17 (0.016–0.38)

2.4 (0.23–5.7)

Food poisoning

0.36 (0.022–0.98)

1.3 (0.088–3.3)

1.6 (0.12–4.1)

Parasitic

Amebiasis

0.079 (0.011–0.20)

0.013 (0.0019–0.030)

0.092 (0.013–0.22)

Cryptosporidiosis

0.50 (0.20–0.88)

0.20 (0.10–0.32)

0.69 (0.35–1.2)

Echinococcosis

16 (5.9–31)

54 (22–106)

70 (28–135)

Giardiasis

0.12 (0.028–0.29)

0.48 (0.18–0.99)

0.61 (0.24–1.2)

Toxoplasmosis

9.7 (7.0 −13)

14 (10–17)

23 (17–29)

Other helminthiases

0.92 0.19–1.8)

0.17 (0.029–0.38)

1.1 (0.23–2.1)

Viral: hepatitis A

1.1 (0.20–2.4)

0.089 (0.018–0.19)

1.2 (0.22–2.6)

Mixed/ill-defined causes

Intestinal infections caused by other specified microorganism

1.4 (0.12–3.6)

5.2 (0.26–18.0)

6.6 (0.45–21)

Ill-defined intestinal infections

1.2 (0.5–2.0)

243 (33–621)

245 (34–622)

Total of gastroenteritis§

43 (20–68)

265 (55–643)

308 (94–687)

Total

130 (81–196)

767 (361–1,308)

896 (470–1,461)

*Values have been rounded to include significant digits and thus not all summations necessarily tally. Boldface indicates the top 5 contributors to each estimate category. YLL, years of life lost; YLD, years lived with disability; DALY, disability-adjusted life years; CrI, credible interval.†95% CrI representative of the 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles.‡DALY due to listeriosis are mainly determined by the YLL (23); therefore, no YLD were estimated.§Gastroenteritis-related illnesses are considered to be all of the above except: botulism, brucellosis, leptospirosis, echinococcosis, hepatitis A, and toxoplasmosis.

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