The sciences and scientifically sophisticated medicine and technology are among the most important and far-reaching human achievements. Scientific work has affected people's intellectual standards, cultural meanings, political possibilities, economic capacities, and physical surroundings. Scientific research has also acquired significance, direction, authority, and application within various cultural contexts. To understand the sciences as human achievements is, in significant part, to understand the world in which we live.

The Science in Society Program is an interdisciplinary major that encourages the study of the sciences and medicine as institutions, practices, intellectual achievements, and constituents of culture. Students in the program should gain a better understanding of the richness and complexity of scientific practice and of the cultural and political significance of science, technology, and medicine. The major is well suited for students interested in a variety of professional and academic pursuits after graduation, since it encourages students to integrate technical scientific knowledge with a grasp of the historical and cultural setting within which it is understood and used.

Major Description.

The major consists of three components: courses offered within SISP in the history, philosophy, and social studies of the sciences, medicine, and technology; at least two years of course work in a single scientific discipline; an area of concentration to provide depth in a related discipline. Students can either complete their area of concentration in anthropology, FGSS, history, philosophy, religion, or sociology or can concentrate in a scientific discipline by completing a major in that science as part of their SISP major (the first two years of the science major satisfy the SISP science requirement).

First- and second-year students interested in the Science in Society Program should begin their science courses as soon as possible. Most students take their first course in the program as sophomore. The core courses in the history of science or sociocultural studies of science are especially recommended as first courses in the program.

Student Learning Outcomes.The faculty of the Science in Society Program have approved the following list of learning goals for all students undertaking the major in science in society:

Scientific competence: Competence beyond the major-track introductory level in a scientific discipline, indicated by students' performance in appropriate courses in that science;

Core competence in science studies: Improved understanding of the sciences and/or medicine as historically developing, socially and culturally situated practices of inquiry and conceptual understanding; that understanding should have both multidisciplinary breadth and greater depth within a particular disciplinary area of concentration.

Disciplinary depth: Those students whose area of concentration is in a discipline that incorporates the sciences and medicine as objects of inquiry should improve their understanding of how that discipline conceives and approaches the sciences and/or medicine and how its approach connects to other ways of understanding the sciences and medicine; those students whose area of concentration is fulfilled by a second major in a scientific discipline should improve their understanding of how practices and achievements of that science are historically, culturally, and philosophically situated and how their scientific understanding and their core competence in science studies can be mutually informative.

Scientific contextualization: Improved skills for engaging their scientific understanding in relevant ways with specific issues or concerns of broader social, cultural, political, and/or philosophical significance and for acquiring and assessing relevant technical background for such issues that go beyond their prior scientific training.

Admission to the Major.

Students who declare their major in SISP must specify the fields in which they plan to complete their science requirement and their area of concentration. Students who seek to add the major after their sophomore year will only be admitted after review to ensure that they are in a good position to complete the major. All students who declare the major must submit a statement of their goals in the major, for advising purposes, and for later evaluation of how well those goals were met. There are no other requirements for admission to the major.

Major Requirements.

Students may enroll in the program either as a standalone major or as a joint major with one of the science departments (Astronomy, Biology, Chemistry, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Neuroscience and Behavior, Physics, or Psychology). All students must take one course each in history of science, philosophy of science, and sociocultural studies of science and three additional courses in the program (including at least one 300-level seminar). Students for whom the program is a standalone major must also take a minimum of four major-track courses in one of the science departments and a structured three-course area of concentration in either anthropology, FGSS, history, philosophy, religion, or sociology. Students who undertake the joint major with a science must complete all requirements for a science major in place of the area of concentration. Further information about program requirements, policies, and its learning goals can be found on the program’s website.

Study Abroad.

Many SISP students go abroad for a semester as a junior. Students can normally count only one course from study abroad toward the six required courses in SISP, although some students also get credit for science courses or toward their area of concentration.

Capstone Experience.

The Science in Society Program offers three options for students seeking a senior capstone experience for their work in the major:

All students are required to take one or more 300-level seminars in the program. These courses, on a wide range of topics, each with a term paper or other independent research component, provide many opportunities for what can become capstone projects, and students are encouraged to choose their seminar courses and their research topics in those courses with this possibility in mind.

Students with a suitable topic and faculty sponsor have an option of writing a senior thesis, which can lead to departmental honors for those eligible. Interested students should consult members of the faculty in the spring of their junior year to help refine their proposed topic and find a suitable adviser. For further information on this option, see [honors thesis].

Students with a suitable topic and faculty sponsor may undertake a senior essay or other independent capstone project as an independent tutorial.

Neither thesis tutorials nor senior essay tutorials can count toward the six courses in the program that are part of the major requirements. The required courses provide indispensable background for undertaking independent projects. Students considering writing a thesis are encouraged to be well along with the core major requirements before beginning the thesis as first-semester seniors.

Honors.

To be eligible for departmental honors, a student must meet two criteria. First, all work done in the core courses of the Science in Society Program including electives must be considered, on average, to be very good (equivalent to a B+ or better). Second, a senior thesis deemed excellent by its readers is necessary for honors, and a genuinely distinguished thesis is needed for high honors.