* Haplogroups in green
have been confirmed by SNP testing. Haplogroups in red have been predicted by Family Tree
DNA based on unambiguous results in the individual's
personal page. This has been placed on this GAP page for your
ease and convenience. Please note that for any predicted
results we see no reason for ordering a SNP test to confirm
the Haplogroup. if a - is in the HAPLO field then we feel that
the comparative results are not clear and unambiguous and if
the kit holder wants to know their SNP with 100% confidence
they may consider ordering a SNP confirmation test.

The new chart will automatically colorize mutations within
groups if the Family Tree DNA sub-grouping system is in use.
It is not able to colorize mutations or compute the minimum,
median, mean, or maximum if the sub-grouping system is not in
use. Use the below for directions.

It is obvious from our observation of 10's of 1000's of samples
that some markers change or mutate at a faster rate than others.
Therefore not all markers should be treated the same for evaluation
purposes.

The markers in red have
shown a faster mutation rate then the average, and therefore these
markers are very helpful at splitting lineages into sub sets, or
branches, within your family tree.

Explained another way, if
you match exactly on all of the markers except for one or a few of
the markers we have determined mutate more quickly, then despite the
mutation this mismatch only slightly decreases the probability of
two people in your surname group who match 11/12 or even 23/25 of
not sharing a recent common ancestor.