Hydraulic damper

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering. A hydraulic damper includes a working cylinder in which is located the piston rod. The piston is made of a composite in the form of two semi-cylinders, one of which is spring-loaded relative to the rod. The piston allows for their movement to regulate the flow of liquid flowing from its channels. At one end of the piston is made uneven areas with horizontal channels and ribs, placed on different semi-cylinders, with rising and falling surfaces. The technical result is an increase in the damping capacity due to the automatic regulation of the pressure generated by the working fluid when the working stroke of the damper. 4 Il.

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in the construction of various transport equipment.

Known hydraulic damper shown and described in the book of Derbaremdiker A. D. Hydraulic shock absorbers of vehicles. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1969, S. 8, Fig.4). This damper consists of a tank in which is movable in a vertical plane placed on the piston. The piston has a number of parts, including springs is a, that significantly affects their reliability and durability. At the same time, not all details of the shock involved in the dissipation of energy at its forward and reverse motion, and the complexity of its design increases the value of that in the practice of manufacturing and operation cost-effective.

Also known hydraulic damper along.with. The USSR №1084508 from 8.12.1983, Such a damper in comparison with the previous has a simpler construction and its rod absorbs some of the energy that occurs due to the angular rotation of the piston during its working stroke. A significant drawback of this damper is that extinguished only a narrow range of loads by its absolute value, which is limited to a constant fixed amount of cross-sections of the channels, and, consequently, a wide range of dynamic loads generated by the abrupt change in the moving speed of the rod when the vehicle cannot be damped.

Therefore, the aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the damping vehicles due to the possibility of the damper automatically adapt to rapidly changing dynamic loads, adjusting his power of resistance depending on the change in the ditch, one of which is fixedly mounted on the rod, and the second is installed on it is movable along its longitudinal axis and is spring-loaded with respect to it, and at least a pair of protrusions with channels having a horizontal axis of their plots relative to each other uneven with respect to the end surface of the semi-cylinders, and the adjacent pair of ribs, separately from each other are placed on a movable and a stationary semi-cylinders and their side facing the horizontal channels of the projections have a stepped rising and falling of the surface, providing equality gap in height between them and the axes of the horizontal sections of the channels mentioned protrusions.

In the drawings, Fig.1 shows a longitudinal cross section of the damper elements without mounting it on the vehicle; Fig.2 - the section along a-a of Fig.3 and 4 - part sections, performed by the piston In a-b and C-C.

Hydraulic damper consists of a tank 1 in which there are semi-cylinders 2 and 3, forming a piston. Can be 2 using pins 4 is rigidly fixed to the rod 5, and can 3 is located on the rod 5 is movable by means of a sliding pins 6. On the rod 5 made the stop 7 and between him and the semi-cylinders 2 and 3 posted by PR is ranked on 10 and 11 horizontal channels, and the ribs 12, and two ribs 12 that are installed on the contact boundary between two semi-cylinders 2 and 3 have a stepped surface 13, and the other two flat surfaces. At the same time, the horizontal channels 11 of the projections 9, which are located at the boundary of contact of the semi-cylinders 2 and 3 are shifted in the vertical plane relative to each other and have their diversity-remoted axis from end surfaces of the semi-cylinders 2 and 3, while the other two projections 9, the horizontal axis of the channels 11 are on the same line. The tank 1 is filled with the working fluid 14. Operates hydraulic damper as follows. In the case of impact loads on the wheel of the vehicle (not shown), the reservoir 1 is moved in the direction of arrow D (Fig.1) and containing a working fluid 14 flows through the arrows E in vertical channels 10, and then in horizontal channels 11. Dripping from the latter, the working fluid 14 communicates with the ribs 12, thereby creating an angular rotation together the two semi-cylinders 2 and 3 relative to the vertical axis of the stem 5, as well as the final with keys 4 and 6 are connected with the rod 5, and it is elastically twisted generated by the moment Mkr, campfire thus such a force. As soon as de position together with the semi-cylinders 2 and 3 and the working fluid 14 in the reverse course of the tank flows in the direction reverse arrows that is, If the dynamic load occurs with considerable speed and its value significantly greater than beforehand projected average value, as in the first case, the working fluid 14 flows along the arrows E, but also on the arrow G moves can be 3, which compresses the compression spring 8 and, together with himself moves from one side of the protrusion 9 in the direction of arrow G (Fig.3) relative to the ribs 12 2 and half his ribs 12 in the same direction relative to the projection 9 that is installed also on the semicylinder 2 (Fig.4). As well as the ribs 12 have a stepped surface, the gap between the projections 9 and the ribs 12 are substantially reduced, which creates resistance to the expiration of the working fluid 14 from the horizontal channels 11, and therefore, increases the torque on the rod 5, which floats on an even greater angle, dampens and such loads. After the disappearance of the load under the action of the spring 8 can 3 returns to its original position as shown in Fig.1. In the future, the process is repeated with different intensity spin rod 5 relative to its longitudinal axis. Consequently, it can be 3 performs the role of the machine, which is her stiffness of the spring 8, but as soon as the speed of the tank 1 by the arrow G will increase the stiffness of the spring 8 will not be enough, and she elastically campfires, allows you to move the half 3, and thereby changing the gap between the projections 9 and the ribs 12 located in the contact zone of the semi-cylinders 2 and 3, which enables the creation of large forces of resistance to the motion of the vessel 1 relative to the rod 5.

Claims

Hydraulic damper containing a working cylinder, in which is placed a piston rod mounted on the piston, one end of which is made of radial ribs and lugs having curved at a right angle to the axis of the piston channels, characterized in that the piston consists of two semi-cylinders, one of which is fixedly mounted on the rod, and the second is installed on it is movable along its longitudinal axis and is spring-loaded with respect to it, and at least a pair of protrusions with channels having a horizontal axis of their plots relative to each other uneven with respect to the end surface of the semi-cylinders, and the adjacent pair of ribs separated from each other are placed on a movable and a stationary semi-cylinders and their side facing the horizontal channels vystupov them and the axes of the horizontal sections of the channels mentioned protrusions.

The invention relates to a cushioning vehicles, in particular to a pneumatic springs with a self-regulating hydrocortisone depending on the amplitude and direction of vibration and from changes in static pressure in the spring

The invention relates to vibration protection technology, is designed to be installed with an elastic suspension elements of a vehicle, in particular, can be used in the seats of cars to protect the driver from random fluctuations

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic damper comprises piston provided with axial passages and working cylinder filled with fluid. The piston is connected with the rod. The inner side of the cylinder and outer side of the cylinder, which is in a contact with the piston side, are provided with thread. The piston is mounted on the rod for permitting rotation around the rod. The piston is provided with radial passages whose longitudinal axes intersect with the longitudinal axes of the axial passages of the piston. The diameters of the axial passages decrease from the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the piston to its periphery. The radial passages receive movable spring-loaded slide valves whose diameters exceed these of axial passages of the piston.

SUBSTANCE: viscous friction damper includes housing, partition with openings and rod passing through central opening of partition. Two similar corrugations of elastic material are fastened in housing; central partition is clamped between said corrugations. The last define two different-volume and variable-dimension cavities filled with shock absorbing liquid. Rod has two sites for fluid-tight securing of it to said two corrugations. Openings of partition through which shock-absorbing liquid is pressed are covered by means of flexible membrane providing possibility for controlling their number and size.

SUBSTANCE: shock absorbing apparatus includes housing, rod, piston, secured to rod end and cylinder arranged between housing and piston. There are flow-through valves in cylinder; said valves are in the form of two openings mutually communicated by means of trough. Piston may move along the whole height of cylinder for operation of several flow-through valves. Change of summed diameters of said openings provides variable rigidity factor of shock-absorbing apparatus.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic vibration insulation support comprises flexible pressure-tight chamber which is filled with damping fluid and separated into spaces interconnected through throttling ports. The pressure-tight chamber is made of a central disk-shaped space provided with an area for setting an object to be insulated and peripheral ring spaces oriented concentrically with respect to the central space and connected with it through the radial passage from one side of the central space. The throttling ports are made in pair from the opposite sides of the radial passage at the site of its intersection with each ring space. The throttling ports are provided with valves which allow the fluid to flow in opposite directions from the side of the radial passage for each of the pair of the throttling ports.

SUBSTANCE: proposed single-tube shock absorber contains housing with hydraulic space filled with working fluid, guide bushing, rod and piston stationary installed on rod and dividing hydraulic space into upper and lower parts. Hollow compensator made of elastic material is installed in lower part of hydraulic space. Constant head of compensator is realized owing to elasticity of compensator, or its constant force action onto working fluid in hydraulic space are preset in process of assembling of shock absorber. Volume of compensator is reduced by value equal to increase of volume of part of rod located in hydraulic space of shock absorber.

SUBSTANCE: proposed single-tube shock absorber has housing with hydraulic space filled with working fluid, guide bushing, rod and piston fixed on rod and dividing hydraulic space into upper and power parts. Flexible compensator made of microcellular material is installed in lower part of hydraulic space. Constant head of compensator realized owing to elasticity of compensator or its constant power action onto working fluid in hydraulic space are set in process of assembling of shock absorber. Volume of compensator is reduced by value equal to increase of volume of part of rod in hydraulic space of shock absorber.

FIELD: air hydraulic shock absorbers of chassis of transport facilities.

SUBSTANCE: the air hydraulic shock absorber consists of a cylinder, rod, plunger, movable and fixed axle boxes, hydraulic seals, gas and hydraulic chambers and a profiled needle. The shock absorber is equipped with an optimizing hydraulic double-stage regulator consisting of an internal bush with holes that is attached to the wall separating two spaces in the hydraulic chamber and linked with the plunger of the air hydraulic shock absorber fitted onto which is an external bush with holes with possibility of movement relative to the internal bush. Both bushes are interconnected by a multistart thread with a helix angle exceeding the friction angle, they are also connected by a flexible component. The profiled needle connected to the rod of the air hydraulic shock absorber enters the hole in the external bush of the optimizing hydraulic hydraulic double-stage regulator.

FIELD: machine building, applicable for suppression of vibrations of various objects.

SUBSTANCE: the hydraulic vibration support has a body filled with fluid with foundations movable in axial direction, with a cylindrical damping member installed between them spring-loaded from two sides by shaped coil springs. The damping member is furnished with blades fastened on the side surface. Each shaped coil spring is made of tapered and cylindrical parts. The springs positioned on both sides from the damping member are coiled to opposite sides and rigidly fastened to the latter by their cylindrical components with the aid of screw stoppers screwed on the ends of the damping member.

SUBSTANCE: vibration insulation support comprises base and platform with stops and rubber members interposed between the base and platform with a spacing equal to that between the stops for permitting co-operation with their stops. Each rubber member is made of interconnected rubber segments to define a cylinder. The inner spaces of the rubber segments is filled with fluid.

SUBSTANCE: air-operated spring comprises cylinder that receives piston with rod. The cylinder is made of air-operated cylinder whose above-piston air space is in communication with the additional tank through the throttle passage which receives self-adjustable throttle member for permitting movements inside it. The self-adjustable throttle member is made of two trancated cones whose greater bases face each other. The spring is also provided with oil tank whose top air space is in communication with the additional tank through the tube with the reducing valve. The bottom oil space of the oil tank is connected with the connecting pipe on the bottom outer end of the rod through the flexible hose. The additional tank is provided with the electric heating member mounted inside the space and heat insulated from the ambient.

SUBSTANCE: single-pipe shock absorber comprises housing (1), piping hollow rod (3) with unmovable piston (5) that separates hydraulic space (A) into two compartments. Space (B) in the rod is connected with the hydraulic space through openings (7). The rod space receives flexible hollow balls (6) made of a flexible synthetic material. The shank of the rod is provided with screw (4) that bears balls to exclude cavitation at high speed of the working piston.