THOMSON CharlesAn Enquiry into the Causes of the Alienation of the Delaware and Shawanese Indians from the British Interest and into the measures taken for recovering their Friendship. Extracted from the Public Treaties, and other Authentic Papers...Together with the remarkable journal of Christian Frederick Post, by whose negotiation, among the Indians of the Ohio, they were withdrawn from the Interest of the French, who thereupon abandoned the Fort and Country. With notes by the editor explaining sundry Indian Customs &c. Written in Pennsylvania. First edition. Folding engraved map. 8vo. Uncut in period style morocco, red morocco label to spine, gilt, contained in a chemise & half morocco slip case. 184pp. London, J. Wilkie,

[TOBACCO].Ueber die Schädlichkeit der Gewöhnung an Tabak. Ein Beitrag zur Erziehungskunde für Eltern, Pfarrer und Schullehrer. Leipzig, M. Rein "in Commission"; Siegen, Müller & comp., 1811. 8vo. Contemporary stiff marbled-paper wrappers, library label on spine and front cover. KVK (1 copy); not in Arents. An extremely rare treatise on the perniciousness of tobacco addiction. It was published for parents, priests and teachers to assist them in the education of children. Only one other copy found recorded, in the University Library of Tübingen.This copy comes from the library of Johann Christoph Friedrich Guts Muths (1759-1839), a German teacher and educator especially known for his role in the development of physical education. He introduced systematic physical exercise into the school curriculum and developed the basic principles of artistic gymnastics. In 1793, he published the first systematic textbook on the subject, Gymnastik für die Jugend , which became a standard reference. He also published the magazine Neue Bibliothek für Pädagogik, Schulwesen und die gesammte neueste pädagogische Literatur Deutschlands , formerly known under the title Zeitschrift für Pädagogik. Manuscript note on paste-down: "vid. N[eue]. bibliothek für Pädagogik etc. von Güts Müths. April 1813. Seite 87" on inside front cover; library stamp on title. Extremely rare treatise on the dangers of tobacco addiction in children.

Unknown masterKarremans Nieuwe-Jaars Zegwensch [Wish card, New Year]. New year's wish card, woodcut and letterpress published in Rotterdam in 1759. The card is dedicated to the citizens and the merchants living in Rotterdam. At the center a representation of one of the carts led by a horse and the men of the corporation handing the wishes to men and women in the city. Surrounding the text some portraits on the top of the page and coats of arms on the sides. Inscription above reading: 'Karremans Nieuwe-Jaars Zegwensch / Aan alle Heeren, Kooplieden, Burgers en Inwoonders der Wyd-vermaarde / Koop-Stadt Rotterdam, voor het Jaar onzes Heere 1759.' On the bottom address of the pulisher: 'Te Rotterdam, gedrukt by Pieter van Bezooyen, Boekdrukker in de Westewagestraat. Met Privilegie.' On the bottom of the page the text of a song in four couplets."Broadside sheet, woodcut and letterpress on paper, laid down; total: 397 x 316 mm; in color, though fading, damages due to thin paper; further losses prevented with the laying down intervention. Bottom line with publisher's address emphasized with black ink., probably due to fading. "

Berthoud, F.Het regt gebruik der uurwerken, of handleiding voor onbedrevene om hunne klok- en zak-uurwerken zelve te regelen en te bestieren. Dordrecht, H.de Haas, 1790.&#11; With 4 folding engraved plates after the text. The preliminaries consist of two gatherings of 6 leafs made to one gathering. Original printed wrappers, binding weak. Slight wear at the edges, but a good copy. This is the Dutch translation of wellknown Paris watchmaker Berthoud&#146;s L'Art de Conduire et de Regler les Pendules et les Montres: A l'usage de ceux qui n'ont aucune connoissance d'Horologerie , which was first printed in Paris in 1759 and reprinted in The Hague in 1761. The translation was made by the civil servant J.D. Pasteur (1753-1804) at &#146;s-Gravendeel, who dedicated the book to J.H. van Swinden. A pocket manual on watches like this did not exist in the Dutch language at that time. The four plates by J.C. Bendorp depict details of watches. 12&deg;: 3 (&#144;1-2 blank) *6 &#144;3 A-H6 I4 (I4 blank?), pag.: i-xvi [2] 1-102. B0008&#11;

LEDERMÜLLER, Martin Frobenius.Mikroskopische Gemüths- und Augen-Ergötzung. With : (2) Nachleese seiner mikroskopischen Gemüths- und Augen-Ergötzung. (3) Abgenötigte Vertheidigung als ein Anhang seiner mikro-skopischen Gemüths- und Augen-Ergötzung. (4) Letzte Beobachtungen seiner mikroskopischen Ergötzungen, welche ein nicht gemeines Nest mit der kleinsten Art von Schlupfwespen in Flockwolle enthalten; nebst der Beschreibung und Abbildung eines neuen und vollständigen Universalmikroskops von W. Burucker.Nuremberg, A.W. Winterschmidt, 1762-1776. 4 parts in 1 volume. 4to. With two engraved frontispieces (a hand-coloured to the first and a black and white to the second part), full-page engraved black and white portrait of Friedrich of Brandenburg after Ledermüller, in total 162 hand-coloured engraved plates by A. W. Winterschmidt, some head- and pieces in text, of which one engraved. Contemporary vellum. Brunet III, cols. 918-919; Horn & Schenkling 13091 and 3093; Hünersdorff, Coffee, pp. 862-63; Nissen, BBI 1156; Stafleu & Cowan 4288; V.d. Velde, Mikroscoop IV, p. 213. First edition, with the rare final part, of one of the most beautiful works on microscopy issued during the 18th century, containing remarkable coloured plates of magnified insects, shells, plants, and parts of the microscope, and an especially illuminating and drawing apparatus. The first part also includes a description of the coffee plant (pp. 189-194); the plant itself, ''with details of the blossom and fruit is illustrated on plate 97, and in microscopic detail on plate 98'' (Hünersdorff).This "highly estimated work" (Brunet), was published in installments from 1759 onwards, though the complete first part is dated 1762. Before the first series of 100 plates was finished in 1763, the Nachleese , or first continuation, issued in five installments of ten plates each, was started in April 1762. In 1765 a second continuation was published in two installments, containing a 20 pp. description of a microscope on one plate and Winterschmidt's notes of 8 pages on a house-fly on one plate on another (the latter present here from another copy and loosely inserted). In 1776 the very rare third continuation was published posthumously as Letzte Beobachtungen seiner mikroskopischen Ergötzungen, welche ein nicht gemeines Nest mit der kleinsten Art von Schlupfwespen in Flockwolle enthalten (two pages with two hand-coloured plates) and Nebst der Beschreibung und Abbildung eines neuen und vollständigen Universalmikroskops, welches dreyerley Arten von Sonnenmikroskopen, ein Compositum, ein Anatomisches, ein Einfaches, und ein Hand- oder Spaziermikroskop; auch zweyerley Arten von Cameris Obscuris abgiebt. Herausgebracht und verfertigt von Wilhelm Burucker (eight pages with eight hand-coloured plates). This continuation was not incorporated in the later edition of 1804. Apart from the sophistication mentioned, a fine work in a contemporary binding.

Berthoud, F."Het regt gebruik der uurwerken, of handleiding voor onbedrevene om hunne klok- en zak-uurwerken zelve te regelen en te bestieren. Dordrecht, H.de Haas, 1790.&#11;". "With 4 folding engraved plates after the text. The preliminaries consist of two gatherings of 6 leafs made to one gathering. Original printed wrappers, binding weak. Slight wear at the edges, but a good copy. This is the Dutch translation of wellknown Paris watchmaker Berthoud's L'Art de Conduire et de Regler les Pendules et les Montres: A l'usage de ceux qui n'ont aucune connoissance d'Horologerie , which was first printed in Paris in 1759 and reprinted in The Hague in 1761. The translation was made by the civil servant J.D. Pasteur (1753-1804) at 's-Gravendeel, who dedicated the book to J.H. van Swinden. A pocket manual on watches like this did not exist in the Dutch language at that time. The four plates by J.C. Bendorp depict details of watches. 12°: 3 (1-2 blank) *6 3 A-H6 I4 (I4 blank?), pag.: i-xvi [2] 1-102. B0008&#11;".

BUTLER, Samuel.The genuine Remains in Verse and Prose of Mr. Samuel Butler, . Published from the Original Manuscripts, formerly in the Possession of W. Longueville, Esq; with Notes by R. Thyer, Keeper of the Public Library at Manchester. In two Volumes. . Printed for J. and R. Tonson., London 1759 - First edition, which includes the first printings of some 120 of the author's Characters written between 1667 and 1679. These Characters, loosely modelled on Theophrastus are brilliant prose satires on contemporary types, such as: 'A Modern Politician', 'An hypocritical Non-conformist', 'A Republican', 'A State-Convert', 'A modern Statesman', 'A Fifth Monarchy man', 'A small Poet', 'A Lawyer', 'A Virtuoso', 'A Justice of Peace', 'A Fanatic' and 'An Hermetic Philosopher'.Also included is Butler's hilarious satire on the Royal Society, 'The Elephant in the Moon', in which the 'elephant' turns out to be a fly caught in the telescope: 'A learn'd society of late, /The glory of a foreign state, /Agreed, upon a summer's night, / To search the Moon by her own light; / To take an invent'ry of all / Her real estate and personal; / And Make an accurate survey / Of all her lands, and how they lay.' 2 vols., 8vo (200 × 115 mm), pp. [40], 429, [1]; [8], 512; contemporary sprinkled calf, spine gilt in compartments, red and green labels; bookplates of Thomas Weld, Lulworth Castle and Reginald Baliol Brett, Viscount Esher, slightly rubbed with gilt slightly indistinct on vol. 2, heads of spines just chipped, but still a handsome copy. [Attributes: First Edition; Hard Cover]

Hume, DavidThe History of Great Britain, Under the House of Stuart, Containing the Reigns of James I and Charles I. Two Volumes. Second Edition, Corrected London: A. Millar, 1759. Second Edition, Corrected . Full Calf. Very Good. 10 1/8" Tall. Viii,464 Pp.; V, 457. Two Volumes. Full Calf, Five Raised Bands, Red And Black Morocco Spine Labels, Elaborate Gilt In Each Compartment. Thge Second Edition, Corrected, 1759. Bindings Worn, Frayed At Corners, 1/8" Losses At Top And Bottom Of Spines, Joints And Hinges Cracked But Internal Hinges Strong, All Nicely Fujrbished. Complete With Half Titles. Large Heraldic Bookplates, Rampant Bull And Lion Crowned, "Libertas" At Bottom, And Additional Heraldic Bookplate Of Bartlett, "Deo Favente Cresco". No Other Names Or Marks, Pages In Excellent Condition.

Unknown masterKarremans Nieuwe-Jaars Zegwensch [Wish card, New Year] - New year's wish card, woodcut and letterpress published in Rotterdam in 1759. The card is dedicated to the citizens and the merchants living in Rotterdam. At the center a representation of one of the carts led by a horse and the men of the corporation handing the wishes to men and women in the city. Surrounding the text some portraits on the top of the page and coats of arms on the sides. Inscription above reading: 'Karremans Nieuwe-Jaars Zegwensch / Aan alle Heeren, Kooplieden, Burgers en Inwoonders der Wyd-vermaarde / Koop-Stadt Rotterdam, voor het Jaar onzes Heere 1759.' On the bottom address of the pulisher: 'Te Rotterdam, gedrukt by Pieter van Bezooyen, Boekdrukker in de Westewagestraat. Met Privilegie.' On the bottom of the page the text of a song in four couplets. Broadside sheet, woodcut and letterpress on paper, laid down; total: 397 x 316 mm; in color, though fading, damages due to thin paper; further losses prevented with the laying down intervention. Bottom line with publisher's address emphasized with black ink., probably due to fading.

INSTITUIÇAO]Instituiçao da Companhia Geral de Pernambuco, e Paraiba. Lisbon Miguel Rodrigues 1759 - folio, 30 + (2)pp., with a large woodcut device on title incorporating the royal arms of King Joseph I, several old worm tracks (neatly repaired), mainly in the margins, part of two letters of title only partly printed, bound, probably in the early 20th century, in vellum-backed boards, the boards themselves covered with what appears to be an 18th century French legal document, spine lettered in red and black, a little worm damage at head of spine. Nonetheless, a good, crisp, copy. First edition. De Moraes, Bibliographia Brasiliana> p.353. Rodrigues, Bibl. Brasiliense> 698 (where he observes that the book is 'rare'). James Ford Bell C.477. Kress 5786. This was an inaugural address to Joseph I, King of Portugal, announcing the establishment by the Pombal government of the Company of Pernambuco and Paraiba, with information on the commerce of Brazil prior to the Company's existence. For the relevance of this company to the modern debates on so-called 'public-private partnerships' see Rodrigues and Sangster's article in Business History,> vol.54, issue 7, 2012. 'Based on archival sources, and considering the social, economic and political context, the study helps to enhance understanding of how the Portuguese enlightened despotic regime developed and connected the empire through a corporatist interface with a private company'. During the middle years of the 18th century five commercial colonial trading companies were established by the Portuguese. The C.G.P.P. was awarded the monopoly on produce from the entire Brazilian north east - traditionally the most developed area in the country because of its sugar industry.' [Attributes: First Edition; Hard Cover]

VOLTAIRE, François Arouet de, 1694-1778CANDIDE, ou l'Optimisme, Traduit de l'allemand de Mr. le Docteur Ralph, par M. de V. No publisher: No place (Rouen), 1759. Rouen edition. 12mo, 16cm, pp (215) (including 3 page Table at rear, last page numbered 315), bound in modern marbled paper with leather spine label, red page edges. Scattered light foxing, but text is VG+, unworn. Page 195 numbered 105, last signature using smaller type. See Begesco 1441. The earliest edition was printed clandestinely (as were all the early editions) in Geneva by Cramer (299 pp, only perhaps a dozen known copies of the true first). CANDIDE was published more or less simultaneously in five countries no later than 15 Jan., 1759. Eighteen 1759 French language editions are known today. PMM 204. This famous satire on religious and philosophical (Leibnitz) optimism is Voltaire's best-known work, one of the most famous of the French Enlightenment, and a widely read classic of world literature even today. Binding: Hardcover. .

MONTESQUIEU, [Charles] de Secondat, Baron deMiscellaneous pieces of M. De Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu. Translated from the new edition of his works in quarto printed at Paris. London: printed for D. Wilson and T. Durham 1759 - 8vo., vi + (2) + 334pp., including the half-title but without the final blank Y8, contemporary gilt-ruled sprinkled calf, with raised bands and gilt lines, spine generally rubbed and joints and head and foot of spine worn, but still a very good copy in a sound contemporary binding. First edition in English. Goldsmiths 9529.1. Higgs 2124. This posthumous collection - Montesquieu had died in 1755 - includes Eulogium on President Montesquieu> by Monsieur d'Alembert, - The analysis of the spirit of laws>. By M. d'Alembert. - An oration pronounced the 24th of January, 1728>. By President Montesquieu. - An essay upon taste - New Persian letters. - The temple of Gnidus. - Lysimachus. - A defence of the spirit of laws. To which are added some explanations.> (All by Montesquieu). [Attributes: First Edition; Hard Cover]

[TOBACCO].Ueber die Schädlichkeit der Gewöhnung an Tabak. Ein Beitrag zur Erziehungskunde für Eltern, Pfarrer und Schullehrer. Leipzig, M. Rein "in Commission"; Siegen, Müller & comp., 1811. 8vo. Contemporary stiff marbled-paper wrappers, library label on spine and front cover. KVK (1 copy); not in Arents. An extremely rare treatise on the perniciousness of tobacco addiction. It was published for parents, priests and teachers to assist them in the education of children. Only one other copy found recorded, in the University Library of Tübingen.This copy comes from the library of Johann Christoph Friedrich Guts Muths (1759-1839), a German teacher and educator especially known for his role in the development of physical education. He introduced systematic physical exercise into the school curriculum and developed the basic principles of artistic gymnastics. In 1793, he published the first systematic textbook on the subject, Gymnastik für die Jugend, which became a standard reference. He also published the magazine Neue Bibliothek für Pädagogik, Schulwesen und die gesammte neueste pädagogische Literatur Deutschlands, formerly known under the title Zeitschrift für Pädagogik.Manuscript note on paste-down: "vid. N[eue]. bibliothek für Pädagogik etc. von Güts Müths. April 1813. Seite 87" on inside front cover; library stamp on title. Extremely rare treatise on the dangers of tobacco addiction in children.

Robertson, WilliamThe History of Scotland, during the Reigns of Queen Mary and of King James VI. Till his Accession to the Crown of England. Printed for A. Millar, London 1759 - FIRST EDITION, 2 vols., 4to, pp. viii, 437, [3, errata & ads]; [ii], 260, 118, [2], 39. [1]. Contemporary sprinkled calf, spines gilt in compartments with flower and star tools, red and green morocco labels, marbled endpapers, edges sprinkled red. Lightly toned and spotted, one tiny touch of worming to outer margin of a few leaves in vol. 2. Extremities rubbed and a touch worn, rear joints just cracking at head. Bookplate of Henry Eustatius Strickland to front pastedowns of each vol., earlier ownership inscriptions of C. Berry and Cath. Strickland (the latter struck through) to versos of flyleaves. A nice copy of the first edition of this hugely successful and much-reprinted work: the first edition edition appeared in February and a second was required by April; dozens more followed. &apos;The book was a huge success because Robertson appeared to his readers to move Scotland into the mainstream of polite culture. In the field of historical writing in particular no one had yet achieved such a magisterial style. Moreover, such a style issuing from the margins of Great Britain was testimony to the spread of learning and politeness throughout the kingdom. If the book&apos;s style was exciting to its first readers, its content was even more so. Robertson&apos;s engagement with polite culture, as well as his conservative stance, emerges clearly in his paradoxical effort to break with the Scottish provincial past and embrace a modern, cosmopolitan present, while at the same time acknowledging the independence and chivalry closely allied to Jacobitism&apos; (ODNB). ESTC T78970. [Attributes: Hard Cover]

TOBACCO].Ueber die Schädlichkeit der Gewöhnung an Tabak. Ein Beitrag zur Erziehungskunde für Eltern, Pfarrer und Schullehrer. Leipzig, M. Rein "in Commission"; Siegen, Müller & comp., 1811. 8vo. Contemporary stiff marbled-paper wrappers, library label on spine and front cover. - KVK (1 copy); not in Arents. An extremely rare treatise on the perniciousness of tobacco addiction. It was published for parents, priests and teachers to assist them in the education of children. Only one other copy found recorded, in the University Library of Tübingen.This copy comes from the library of Johann Christoph Friedrich Guts Muths (1759-1839), a German teacher and educator especially known for his role in the development of physical education. He introduced systematic physical exercise into the school curriculum and developed the basic principles of artistic gymnastics. In 1793, he published the first systematic textbook on the subject, Gymnastik für die Jugend, which became a standard reference. He also published the magazine Neue Bibliothek für Pädagogik, Schulwesen und die gesammte neueste pädagogische Literatur Deutschlands, formerly known under the title Zeitschrift für Pädagogik.Manuscript note on paste-down: "vid. N[eue]. bibliothek für Pädagogik etc. von Güts Müths. April 1813. Seite 87" on inside front cover; library stamp on title. Extremely rare treatise on the dangers of tobacco addiction in children. [Attributes: Soft Cover]

INSTITUIÇAO,Instituiçao da Companhia Geral de Pernambuco, e Paraiba. folio, 30 + (2)pp., with a large woodcut device on title incorporating the royal arms of King Joseph I, several old worm tracks (neatly repaired), mainly in the margins, part of two letters of title only partly printed, bound, probably in the early 20th century, in vellum-backed boards, the boards themselves covered with what appears to be an 18th century French legal document, spine lettered in red and black, a little worm damage at head of spine. Nonetheless, a good, crisp, copy.Publisher: Lisbon, Miguel Rodrigues.Year: 1759Edition: First edition. De Moraes, Bibliographia Brasiliana p.353. Rodrigues, Bibl. Brasiliense 698 (where he observes that the book is "rare"). James Ford Bell C.477. Kress 5786.

(HOGARTH, WILLIAM). [Anonymous]A Poetical Description of Mr. Hogarth's Election Prints; In Four Cantos. Written Under Mr. Hogarth's Sanction and Inspection [cover title] London: Printed for T. Caslon and Sold by J. Smith, and M. Jackson, 1759, 1759. First edition. ESTC T10583, which records four copies in the UK (BL, Cambridge, Rylands, Trinity) and five in the US (Boston Public, Duke, Newberry, two at Yale). Title-page a little browned; repairs to the edges; very good copy, enclosed in a chemise and marbled paper slipcase.. 4ro, self-wrappers, stitching renewed, 30 pages, untrimmed. A celebratory poem in four cantos on the four election paintings of William Hogarth The prefatory Advertisement is signed by John Smith, who states that he is writing on behalf of the "concealed Author," and that while Hogarth's paintings have been explained by others, "none ever gave him [Hogarth] so much satisfaction as the present Performance." At the conclusion a small notice states that "speedily will be published" a poem on Hogarth's "The Roast Beef of Old England," but that apparently was not published.

Adam SmithThe Theory of Moral Sentiments To which is added A Dissertation on the Origin of Languages The Third Edition Kress 6496. Goldsmith 10384. Vanderblue p.38. Mossner, The Correspondence of Adam Smith, pp.122. Ross, Life of Adam Smith, pp.89-90 [on Dissertation...Languages]The third edition of Adam Smith?s first published work [first edition 1759]. Adam Smith devoted the years 1755 to 1759 mainly to writing and publishing The Theory of Moral Sentiments. He had been appointed Professor of Logic at Glasgow in 1751 and elected Professor of Moral Philosophy a year later. It was this period at Glasgow College which Adam Smith was later to describe as "the period of thirteen years which I spent as a member of that society I remember as by far the most useful, and, therefore, as by far the happiest and most honourable period of my life". It has been said that if the Wealth of Nations had never been written, this work would have earned him a prominent place in intellectual history. Sensitive, original, erudite, eloquent ? it reveals the full stature of Adam Smith?s genius and insight into his tastes and personality. The book immediately established a reputation for him in learned circles well beyond the bounds of his own university. It secured for him an international reputation as a philosopher.Adam Smith wrote to his publisher William Strahan The Dissertation upon the Origin of Languages is to be printed at the end of the Theory. There are some literal errors in the printed copy of it which I should have been glad to have corrected, but have not the opportunity, as I have no copy by me. They are of no great consequence. In the titles, both of the Theory and the Dissertation, call me simply Adam Smith without any addition either before or behind.The Dissertation was first published in The Philological Miscellany in 1761 and in all subsequent editions of The Theory of Moral Sentiments.

(VOLTAIRE, François-Marie Arouet de)Candide, ou l'Optimisme, traduit de l'Allemand de Mr. le Docteur Ralph. (Bound with:) Tableau du Siecle. Par un Auteur connu. (Paul Antoine Nolivos Saint-Cyr) First edition, in its earliest surviving state, of Voltaire's masterpiece, the epitome of the French Enlightenment and one of the enduring classics of Western Civilization. The rare first edition, printed and published clandestinely by Cramer in Geneva, under the pseudonym of "Dr. Ralph". This edition, one of four editions dated 1759 with 299 pages, preceded the other sixteen different editions of Voltaire's novel published throughout Europe in 1759. The bibliographical history of this book has been exasperatingly complex and confused, and, until recently, virtually insoluble. The cumulative analyses of Ira Wade, Giles Barber, and Stephen Weissman, however, finally succeeded in resolving the matter conclusively. The 1759 Cramer edition containing 299-pages, with the points detailed below, has been given priority: the misprint "que ce ce fut" on p. 103, line 4 (corrected in later editions to "que ce fut"); the incorrect adjective "precisement" on p. 125, line 4 (corrected in later editions to "precipitamment"); with Voltaire's revisions on p. 31, where an unnecessary paragraph break was eliminated, and p. 41, where several short sentences about the Lisbon earthquake were rewritten. Finally, as in all of the few known copies of the Geneva printing, Chapter XXV (signature L) does not contain the paragraph critical of contemporary German poets, which Voltaire decided to drop while the book was being printed. As in seven of the ten known copies, this copy has been bound without the final leaves N7, a blank, and N8, instructions to the binder concerning the cancellation of two pairs of leaves (B4 and B9 and D6 and D7). Barber 299G. Bengesco 1434. Morize 59a. Wade 1. Printing and the Mind of Man 204. A satire on religious and political optimism (or gullibility; or hypocrisy depending on one's perspective), in the form of a picaresque novel, Candide finally recommends that mantra of sanity and common-sense, "Il faut cultiver notre jardin." "Candide, and his equally guileless if more worldly-wise mentor, Dr. Pangloss, and their delicious adventures, still command our attention. The folly of philosophic and religious optimism is displayed with a vigour and wit that carries the reader away. Irony without exaggeration, a perfect restraint in its admirable humour, a gift for the 'throw-away line' ...; all these show Voltaire's style and originality at their incomparable best." PMM 204 12mo, full contemporary mottled French calf. Spine expertly repaired at foot, tear to lower blank corner of A3 (pp. 5/6) and lower blank corner of A4 (pp. 7/8) expertly repaired; tear to D7, just touching the catchword, also repaired; these minor blemishes notwithstanding, a remarkably fine copy, in contemporary binding, of the correct first edition. Only a small handful of copies of the true first edition of Candide are known to exist.

[VOLTAIRE ]Candide, ou l'optimisme, traduit de l'allemand de Mr. le Docteur Ralph. [Geneva: Gabriel Cramer,], 1759. Duodecimo (159 × 96 mm), pp. 299. Contemporary French mottled calf, smooth spine gilt in compartments with centre flower tools, red morocco label, marbled endpapers and edges. Some very skilful, practically imperceptible repair at head of spine and to corners of front board, front joint just a little tender at foot, pale and intermittent water-staining to upper outer corner of first gathering, overall a fine copy. First edition, one of only a dozen or so recorded copies of the true first edition of this celebrated philosophical conte, one of the genuine rarities in major 18th-century literature. There were 18 editions of Candide in 1759 alone, all of them superficially alike, though only four of them, like this, have 299 pages. Recent research, following Ira Wade, Giles Barber, and Stephen Weissman, has identified this as the true first edition, with the following points: the title ornament of spray, fruit and flowers is repeated at pp. 193 and 266; p. 103, line 4, has the misprint "que ce ce fut" (corrected to "que ce fut" in later editions); p. 125, line 4, has "précisément" (corrected to "précipitamment" in later editions); with Voltaire's revisions on p. 31 eliminating an unnecessary paragraph break, and on p. 41, where several short sentences about the Lisbon earthquake were rewritten. The first edition does not preserve the cancelled paragraph on p. 242 critical of German poets (beginning "Candide était affligé") which survives unintentionally in the London edition. As in all but three known surviving copies of this edition, this copy is bound without the two terminal leaves, blank N7 and N8 containing instructions to the binder.

Voltaire, Francois Marie Arouet DeCandide, Ou L'optimisme, Traduit De L'allemand De Mr. Le Docteur Ralph Geneva: Gabriel Cramer, 1759. First Edition. Full Leather. Fine. The third of the first four editions, according to Bengesco, 1436, and the fourth edition, according to Wade (see Voltaire and Candide, 1959, p. 201), dated 1759 with 299 pages, clandestinely printed and published by Cramer in Geneva and preceeding the other 16 different editions published throughout Europe in 1759. The present copy conforms to Bengesco 1436, in every respect, which is "page by page, line for line like the first edition" except for the "que ce ce fut" error on page 103, an error which was introduced by Cramer into the early printings, then doubtless not "fixed" as it was correct in the first place. Note that the fleurons agree exactly with Bengesco 1436, as follows: p. 134 is a basket of fruits; p. 228 shows two horns 'a plenty; the fleuron at p. 115 is repeated on pages 179 and 193; fleuron on page 213 is signed N. C. and is repeated on page 279; page 277 is paginated 177. The present copy also agrees with Wade (see Voltaire and Candide, 1959, p. 201), in every respect, including that page 17 is numbered 15. Both the above references to Bengesco and Wade show signatures A-N3, meaning they are bound without the Table of Chapters; the present copy, like 7 of the 10 known copies of the first edition, shows signatures A-N6, without the final leaves, N7 (a blank) and without N8, instructions to the binder concerning the cancellation of two pairs of leaves, B4, B9 and D6, D7. In addition to the above, let us state the textual points in the present copy: page 31 (B4), an unnecessary paragraph break was eliminated. The words "mais il y a une raison....." do NOT start a new paragraph; page 41 (B9), several short sentences about the Lisbon earthquake, were rewritten, as "car, dit-il, tout ceci est....."; page 84 (D6, D7), reads "Nos filles se trouverent...."; page 103, reads "que ce fut....." as explained above, was correct to begin with, then discovered by Cramer and was not "fixed"; page 125, reads "mais ils se leverent precisement......"; page 242, the paragraph beginning "Candide etait afflige....."; has been removed, by Voltaire, while the book was being printed, as it was critical of German poets. Pages 121 - 168 (signatures F and G) are a larger type than the rest of the book. In summation, the present copy agrees with the first edition, except that the "que ce ce fut...." error, was discovered and not inserted, and the fleurons differ, but are by Cramer, who printed the first four editions. This, a wide margined copy, is larger than other copies we have seen at 165 mm x 95 mm; beautifully bound in late 19th Century full tan leather, with raised bands and gilt decoration on spine, with a brown leather lettering piece, marbled end papers, all edges gilt; printed on laid paper. The text is remarkably clean and bright; a fine copy. PMM204.

CONTARINI, Pietro Antonio - Jesuit PriestManuscript Letter - Primary Source Letter to the Pope Regarding Commerce Trade in California - Text in Italian Portugal, 1759. Lisbon, 5 June 1759. Fair copy manuscript letter, transcribed in 1760 by a scribe of the Portuguese royal court, with the original letter in hand, being correspondence from a Jesuit called Pietro Antonio Contarini, addressed to Pope Clement XIII, which was intended to apprise the Pope of the excellent works of the Jesuits in America in terms of global commerce and trade, with special interest being taken in California gold and pearls, to report on anti-Jesuit propaganda and scandals, and ultimately to augment the Pope's support in a time of persecution. According to the transcriber's final annotation, however, the letter was intercepted by the court of King Joseph I of Portugal, who only three months later officially expelled the Society from his kingdom and colonies. The final page consists of a poem honoring Saint Francis Xavier, co-founder of the Society of Jesus. All text is in Italian. Folio. 6 pages written on two double leafs laid watermarked paper measuring approximately 22 x 34 cm. Some creasing and minor chips to edges, otherwise in very good condition, clean and bright, a superlative primary source document, paramount to any Jesuit Americana library. The timing and the content of the letter, together with surrounding political circumstances, are most significant. In September 1759, only 3 months after this letter was written, a letter in which a Jesuit noble who revealed economic activity in California and persecution in Lima, King Joseph I of Portugal and his minister the 1st Marquis of Pombal expelled the Jesuits from the Kingdom of Portugal and its colonies. The Jesuits had been recently accused of having instigated a plot against the king's life, allegedly supported by theological justification, and for the purpose of covering up their rebellion in South America. The Jesuits were also accused of trying to set up their own fiefdom in South America, having allegedly seized royal territory and establishing the community through the mistreatment and toils of the indigenous people. Propaganda pamphlets were distributed, accusing the Jesuits of all sorts of misdeeds. The Jesuits were also persecuted, as described in this letter. The Jesuit Reductions, as they are also known, were a type of settlement for indigenous people in South America created by the Jesuit Order during the 17th and 18th centuries. Owing to some economic success, combined with the Jesuits' independence, the settlements came to be considered a threat by the secular Portuguese authorities. In 1758 the government of Joseph I of Portugal took advantage of the waning powers of Pope Benedict XIV and deported some of the Jesuits from America. The possibility of the Jesuit Order expanding their global commerce, and gaining economic power in New Spain was of immense concern. This letter, with its detailed descriptions of the opportunities in California, of universal trade, of gold found in abundance, and of pearls being secretly gathered and harbored, surely gave impetus to the Portuguese Marquis' unrelenting aim to eliminate Jesuit influence and power. No longer threatened by the Jesuits after their expulsion, the First Marquis of Pombal introduced many fundamental administrative, educational, economic, and ecclesiastical reforms, albeit it by autocratic means of suppressing opposition, furthering and controlling colonial economic exploitation, and print censorship. He is considered to be the most prominent minister in the history of Portugal's government. The author of the letter is Pietro Antonio Contarini, a well-travelled Jesuit who was active in the Americas (New Spain) in the 1730s, and who descends from the ancient and noble House of Contarini, the most powerful of the twelve founding families of the Venetian Republic. The intended recipient was Pope Clement XIII, a stalwart defender of the Jesuit order, born in 1693 as Carlo della Torre Rezzonico to a wealthy family of merchants from the Republic of Venice. However, the letter's concluding remark, appended by a scribe, reveals that the original was intercepted by the anti-Jesuit Portuguese court, and put into the hands of influential Portuguese judge Ignacio Ferreira de Souta who was a member of the judicial council that ruled over the scandalous and pivotal Tavora affair, who in turn delivered it to a Portuguese noble, none other than the first Count of Oeiras and first Marquess of Pombal, Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo (1699-1782), who effected the expulsion of the Jesuits from Portugal only three months later. The original letter, it is safe to presume, never reached the Pope. The annotation reads as follows: "Questa lettera e sonetto l'ebbe l'anno passato il Sig Ignacio Ferreira sotto per darlo a S.E. il Sig Conte d'Oeyra, ed il sonetto fu qui tradotto nel Portughese da un sacerdote claustrale." [This letter and the sonnet were given to S.E., Count of Oeyra, by Mr. Ignacio Ferreira last year, and the sonnet was translated from Portuguese by a cloistered priest.] Ignacio Ferreira de Souta, mentioned in the above notice, was a leading Portuguese judge, assigned by Joseph I of Portugal as one of the nine judges in the supreme judicial council 'Junta de Inconfidencia' who presided over the trial of the rioters in the Tavora affair. Still contested today, the Távora affair was a political scandal of the 18th century Portuguese court, an event which intensified rivalry between the Portuguese crown and the Jesuits, and was ostensibly the catalyst to the expelling of the Jesuits. It began with an attempted assassination of King Joseph I of Portugal in 1758, allegedly instigated by the Távora family and supported by the Jesuit Society, and culminating into the public torture and execution of the entire Távora family, and the subsequent banishing of the Jesuit order. Following the Távora affair, the new Count of Oeiras, first Marquess of Pombal, Dom Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, knew no opposition. It was Dom Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal, 1st Count of Oeiras (1699-1782), who in fact received the letter, and who effected the expulsion of the Jesuits only three months later, through his Pombaline Reforms. He was a Portuguese statesman, Secretary of the State of Internal Affairs of the Kingdom (First Minister) in the government of Joseph I of Portugal. With news of gold, pearls and rare medicinal herbs in California, and remarks of a calculated foothold over sea trade, this letter most certainly gave impetus to the Portuguese minister's fear of the Jesuits' rising political and economic power. Also being contemporary to the Tavora affair, it is no coincidence that the Jesuits were banished from Portugal three months later. The letter is addressed to Beatissimo Padre" meaning "Most Holy Father," and being Pope Clement XIII who had been consecrated one year earlier, and who, in spite of incessant and dogmatic opposition, wished and earnestly attempted to support the Jesuit Society, rather than suppressing them. [This Pope's pontificate was overshadowed by the constant pressure to suppress the Society of Jesus but despite this, he championed their order and also proved to be their greatest defender at that time. He was also one of the few early popes who favoured dialogue with Old Catholic Protestants. Shortly after Pope Clement XIII began his papacy on 6 July 1758, the reforming minister of Joseph I of Portugal, Marquis of Pombal, expelled the Jesuits from Portugal. The Order was civilly suppressed in 1759, and beginning 16 September 1759, nine voyages transported 1,036 Jesuits from Lisbon to Civitavecchia near Rome, as a "gift for the Pope." The Portuguese ambassador was recalled from Rome and the papal nuncio sent home in disgrace. Relations between Portugal and Rome were broken off until 1770.] A positively fascinating surviving manuscript document, an intercepted manuscript letter which was addressed to the Pope but fell into the hands of the Jesuit fearing and autocratic Portuguese monarchy, Contarini's firsthand account now serves as a primary source testament to Jesuit wealth, to their early interests in California and America, and also to the persecution which they suffered. The fact that his letter was confiscated en route to the Vatican, also bears witness to the circumspect, if not devious efforts, of the Portuguese Crown to suppress any economic, political, or religions opposition. Following a summary of his extensive travels and gleanings into universal trade, evidently to gain the confidence of the Pope, the writer discloses his observations in New Spain. He describes California as having abundant gold and precious stones, its sea having pearls and other marine life, which happens to be a secret closely guarded by Spain. Among other coveted agricultural commodities deriving from America, he specifically mentions rare medicinal herbs from California. In 1734, Contarini had dined with Conde del Bena-Masserano (Guido Jacinto Ferrero-Fieschi y Saboya), Commander of the Spanish Fleet in Vera Cruz. He recounts a specific occasion where the Spanish commander had been asked by two Jesuit priests to transport a small casket containing rare medicinal herbs and unusual seashells from California, to the Jesuit College in El Puerto de Santa Maria, Cadiz. The casket and its contents were received with covetous appreciation. Contarini describes being in Mexico in 1736 when Dr. José Cevayos, a student presbyter, discovered a rebellion which the viceroy Vizarrón (Juan Antonio de Vizarrón y Eguiarreta), commanded the Jesuits to quell. The Jesuits were obliged to disburse 684,000 Mexican pesos, to which the viceroy contributed. He mentions a then very recently printed 100-page treatise condemning the Jesuits, now exceedingly scarce, and titled, "Riflessioni di um Portoghese Sopra il Memoriale presentado da' PP. Gesuiti alla Santtità di PP. Clemente XIII. Felicemente Regnante. Esposte in una Lettera ad un Amico di Roma Lisbon, 1758." One page is devoted to significant events in Paraguay and Lima in 1731, surrounding the controversial execution of "Giovanni Antequeira" the de facto governor of the Spanish colonial Province of Paraguay, José Antequera y Castro (1689-1731), and his secretary Juan de Mena. [José Antequera y Castro had antagonized the Jesuits and also coveted their wealth. The Viceroy in Peru, Joseph de Armendáriz, Marques of Castelfuerte, ordered him to stand trial in Lima, where he was sentenced to death. Fearing an uprising by the populace who supported Antequera, the Viceroy dispatched soldiers with fixed bayonets to accompany him, riding a mule, to the scaffold. He ordered that Antequera should be beheaded as well as hanged. He then summoned Antequera's aged secretary Juan de Mena from the gaol, and accompanied him to the scaffold where he was beheaded.] The Spanish Armada is also mentioned, "Armada de Barlovento" meaning "Windward Fleet." [The armada was important to Spanish politics in America, playing a crucial defensive and logistical role, particularly in protecting the trade and the coasts of the Spanish territories in America. The Armada was dissolved in the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713.] Following are some excerpts from the letter [with rough translation]: "Certa cosa é che per Le luoghi viaggi che ho fatto Europa tutta nella miglior e maggior parte dell'Asia, e nella due Americhe Spagnole, replicatamente [ripetutamente] a Mexico, mi sono trovato a portata d'essere instruitto del grande commercio, che li Padri fanno nella Costa Orientale in Manilla... in Portovelo, Panama, Popaian, Quito, Guiaichil, Lima o Los Reyes Capitale del Peru, e el Chille ed in tutta quella costa bagnata del Pacifico, come pure nella Nuova Spagna, Guatemala, Zonzonate... Havanna... e finalmente in tutti li luoghi dove hanno Collegii e Missioni con scandalo universale, non dico solamente de commercianti, ma di tutti li naturali di quelle regioni, che esageravano con qual morale / sendo sacerdoti, e contra tante censure e Bolle Pontificie / pottessero [potessero] fare questo Universale Commercio non solo in tutte le parit del mondo scoperto, ma in tutte le diverse specie de generi allo stesso Commercio pertinenti." [Certainly by travelling places, the best of Europe and most of Asia, and in both of the Spanish Americas, repeatedly in Mexico, I found myself within reach of being instructed/informed in big business, by the Fathers on the east coast of Manilla... in Portovelo, Panama, Popaian, Quito, Guachichil.... Lima Capital of Peru... and in all that wet Pacific coast, as well as in New Spain, Guatemala, Zonzonate... Havana... and finally in all places where they have Colleges and Missions with universal scandal... not only from merchants, but also from all natives of the regions, who exaggerated by what morals (...) the priests, and against the many censures and Papal Bulls... potentially this universal commerce could not only be in all of the discovered world, but in all regions where the different types of (...) is relevant for commerce.] "Qui devo fare una breve digressioner, perche nella descrizione e topografica che ho fatto di sopra ho lasciato La California, Peninsola grande e ricca sopra le molte scoperte quantunque Le di Lei richezze siano â pochissimi note separata della Costa della Nuova Spagna... hora questa California é abbondante d'Oro, & pietre preciose, ed il Mare di perle Coralli, èd altre rarità marine: Lé conseguirono a titolo di missione, Li Padri dal Monarca Cattolico, e furono loro Li primi a penetrarla, ed entratti, per cosi dire... alla riserva di quei pochissimi â cui é commesso il commercio..." [Here I must make a brief digression because in the topographical description above I have omitted California, a large peninsula where many great riches have been discovered... a few separate notes on the Coast of New Spain... At this time California is abundant with gold, & precious stones, and with Coral Sea pearls, and other marine rarities: The Fathers of the Catholic monarch established a mission, and they were the first to penetrate, and extract them, so to speak... of the reserves, very few are committed the trade...] "... di voler prendere nella Sua Nave Santo Antonio Capitana della Flottiglia chiamata los Azogues... una Cassetina per consegnarla al Collegio di Padri del Porto Santa Maria di Cadice. Rispose il Conte, Comparve finalmente... volle sapere cosa racchiudeva in se la Casset, e disse il Procuratore ch'erano bagatelle, conchiglie curiose, radici d'erbe rare medicinali che si coglievano nella California, e Corone o Rosari d'un precioso legno opèra de gl'Indj di quell'Isola... il Conte disse, che voleva uno de que Rosari... ripieni di perle di varie grandezze, di pietre preciose..." [... taken in his ship Santo Antonio by the Captain of the fleet called los Azogues... a small chest to deliver to the College of the Fathers of the Port of Saint Mary in Cadiz. The Count, who finally appeared... wanted to know what was contained in the chest, and the procurer told him that they were trifles, curious seashells, roots of rare medicinal herbs gathered in California, and crowns, or rosaries of precious wood handcrafted on that Island... the Count said he wanted one of those rosaries... filled with pearls of various sizes... of precious stones...] "Alteratosi il Conte, per l'inganno, parlo alto, e disse, che conseguirebbe La casseti al Signor D. Francesco de Varras Valdes Presidente della Casa della Contrattazione, ed Intendente Generale della Marina, e scriverebbe al Signor D. Guisepee Patigno Secretario di Stato, e del Dispaccio Universale." [Count Alteratosi, for the deception, spoke up and said that the small chest would be sent to Mr D. Francesco de Varras Valdes, President of the House of Trade, and Intendant General of the Navy, and that he would write to Mr D. Giusepee Patigno, State Secretary and the Universal Dispatch.] "che nel Paraguai... ad investogare il Loro procedere un Auditore del consiglio giustificato e dotto per nome D. Giovanni Antequeixa, Cavaliere dell'ordine di Calatrava, il quale, colâ giunto, venne di penetrare Le Tiranie dei Padri, e le richezze che accumulavano; E timorosi d'essere scoperti e privati del medesime riccorsero all Audienza Reale di Lima, querelandosi dell' Antequeira a cui formarono un processo tale, che fu chiamato dal ViceRe Don Joseph de Armendarez..." [in Paraguay... the investigation proceeded with an auditorium of justified council and a scholar named John D. Antequeixa, Knight of the order of Calatrava, who came... to penetrate the tyrannies of the Fathers, and the wealth they had accumulated; And fearful of getting caught and deprived of the same appeal to the Royal Audience of Lima, of finding fault in (Joseph de) Antequera who had formed the process, and which was called by the Viceroy Don Joseph de Armendariz, Marquis of Castelfuerte...] "Le maliziose calunnie ingiustamente accumulate all' Antequeira, fu sentenziato ad essere decolato, pero come le rare di lui qualita avevano captivate il populo tutto in di lui vantaggio... li Soldati del Pirhette che marchiavano con baionetta in canna le ammazzassero..." [The malicious slander unfairly accumulated against Antequera, was sentenced to be dismissed, but as he (Antequera) possessed the rare ability to captivate the people for his total advantage... Pirhette's soldiers marched with bayonets to kill him...] "... ad un librino... il di cui titulo e Riflessioni sopra l'espositione fatta del Padre Generale della Compagnie di IHS alla Santita del Regnate Pontifico sopra le colpe de Padri etc. tradotto dall Italiano e stampato nel Portughese... alla Santa Sede; e nella vita del Padre La Chaise... é una Velazione curiosissima d'un caso amoroso accaduto al medesimo confessore del Re in tempo di notte... nel 1735, da un Gesuita, che uscito della Compagnia, e rifugiatosi in Londra, si pose nel Commercio, e navigo meco dalla medesima Londra fini alla Jamaica." [...a small book... Reflections on the Exposition made the Father General of the Society of Jesus to His Holiness the Pontifical Sovereign over the sins of the Fathers etc. translated from Italian and printed in Portuguese... to the Holy See; and in the life of Father La Chaise ... is a revelation of a curious event that happened during the night to the same confessor of the King... (the book received) in 1735, from a Jesuit, who came out of the Society, and fled to London, entered commerce, and sailed with me from London to Jamaica.] End excerpts. The writer is a Jesuit named Pietro Antonio Contarini, possibly a descendent of Italian diplomat, cardinal and Bishop Gasparo Contarini (1483-1542) of Belluno, who was one of the first proponents of the dialogue with Protestants, after the Reformation. [The House of Contarini is one of the twelve founding and ruling families of the Venetian Republica, from which eight Doges emerged, as well as other notables. Considered the most powerful of Venetian families, and controlling the largest number of seats in the Great Council of Venice from the period before the Serrata del Maggior Consiglio to the end of the republic in 1797, among them are a number of important diplomats, cardinals and navy commanders, The Contarini led the Venetian Republic forward through ever changing eras commensurate with notable changes in trade, technology, trade, science, religion, art, banking and finance, diplomacy and war. Many wealthy Venetians, such as the Contarini, enjoyed the monetary and health benefits wrought from, for example, the spice trade, which facilitated longevity, a fundamental requirement for assumption of the role of Doge.] Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal, 1st Count of Oeiras (1699-1782) was Secretary of the State of Internal Affairs of the Kingdom (the equivalent to today's Prime Minister) in the government of Joseph I of Portugal from 1750 to 1777. He expelled the Jesuits from Portugal on 3rd September 1759, forcing Pope Clement XIII to make the order at his instigation. The Portuguese title of nobility Count of Oeiras (Conde de Oeiras) was a created by a royal decree on 15 July 1759, by King Joseph I, and first granted to Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, Head of the Portuguese Government. Other persons mentioned in the letter include: Padre Pietro Nascimben, Venetian and his colleague in grammar, in Mexico in 1734 at the College of St. Peter & St. Paul ("responsible for introducing choral singing in California"). Conte del Bene, Turinese, brother of Prince di Massarane, one of the guards of the Spanish king circa 1729 Antonio Spinola, commander of the Barlovento Armada Francisco de Varras y Valdez, Intendente de la Mariña de Indias, 1738, presidente della Casa della Contrattazione, Intendente Generale della Marina (president of the Consulado de Cadiz) e sciverebbe al Sig. D. Giuseppe Patigno (José Patiño), Secretario di Stato from 1726 Joseph de Armendariz, Marques de Castelfuerte & Viceroy of Peru (1724-1736) who restored order in Paraguay Archbishop Juan Antonio Vizarrón y Eguiarreta - Viceroy of Mexico (1734-1740) . Very Good. Manuscript.

CICERO, Marcus Tullius.Consolatio liber, quo se ipsum de filiae morte consolatus est.[copy imprint:] Paris, Nicolas Chesneau, 1583 ([Netherlands?], manuscript dated 1759 at end, binding probably ca.1700). Small 16mo (8.5 x 5.5 x 4 cm). The binding contains a Latin manuscript in dark brown ink on paper, written in a Latin hand. A very richly engraved and pierced silver binding (ca. 1700?), each board with 4 putti, 4 squirrels and about 30 very detailed flowers, all surrounding an oval cartouche, that on the front with an unidentified (imaginary?) coat of arms, that on the back left blank; the spine with 2 putti and about 22 very detailed flowers. The arms show: below, a square-rigged 3-masted ship in full sail (possibly alluding to the VOC or the Amsterdam city seal) and above, a hooded jacket, the whole with a king's helmet crested with a bare-chested man issuing. Two clasps with engraved flower decorations are hinged to the front plate and catch on the back plate. The bookblock is loosely inserted in the silver binding. A 1759 transcription of a printed edition of Cicero's Consolatio (Paris, 1583) inserted in a spectacular finely engraved and pierced silver binding. None of the silver elements bears a silver mark, but stylistically the binding appears to be older than the manuscript and does not fit it perfectly. We suspect it dates from the late 17th- or early 18th-century. The fine engraving, leaving only thin strands of metal in some places makes it look almost like filigree, but in fact the decorations on each board and the spine are the parts of the metal plate that were not engraved away, rather than wires added to it. The only similar arms found via Renesse (Daumiller in Brabant) seems not to match. The back board lacks the (plain) border piece at the head and one of its rivets, the horizontal band at the foot of the spine has lost its central rivet and cracked through the rivet hole, but the binding is otherwise in very good condition. A truly unique and extraordinary custom-made silver binding.

CICERO, Marcus Tullius.Consolatio liber, quo se ipsum de filiae morte consolatus est.[copy imprint:] Paris, Nicolas Chesneau, 1583 ([Netherlands?], manuscript dated 1759 at end, binding probably ca.1700). Small 16mo (8.5 x 5.5 x 4 cm). The binding contains a Latin manuscript in dark brown ink on paper, written in a Latin hand. A very richly engraved and pierced silver binding (ca. 1700?), each board with 4 putti, 4 squirrels and about 30 very detailed flowers, all surrounding an oval cartouche, that on the front with an unidentified (imaginary?) coat of arms, that on the back left blank; the spine with 2 putti and about 22 very detailed flowers. The arms show: below, a square-rigged 3-masted ship in full sail (possibly alluding to the VOC or the Amsterdam city se - A 1759 transcription of a printed edition of Cicero's Consolatio (Paris, 1583) inserted in a spectacular finely engraved and pierced silver binding. None of the silver elements bears a silver mark, but stylistically the binding appears to be older than the manuscript and does not fit it perfectly. We suspect it dates from the late 17th- or early 18th-century. The fine engraving, leaving only thin strands of metal in some places makes it look almost like filigree, but in fact the decorations on each board and the spine are the parts of the metal plate that were not engraved away, rather than wires added to it. The only similar arms found via Renesse (Daumiller in Brabant) seems not to match. The back board lacks the (plain) border piece at the head and one of its rivets, the horizontal band at the foot of the spine has lost its central rivet and cracked through the rivet hole, but the binding is otherwise in very good condition. A truly unique and extraordinary custom-made silver binding.

LASTEYRIE DU SAILLANT, Charles Philibert deCollection de Machines, d'Instrumens, Ustensiles, Constructions, Appareils, etc. employés dans l'Economie rurale, domestique et industrielle. D'après les dessins faits dans diverses parties de l'Europe? - First edition of one of the most extensive and important lithographic works published in the early days of the medium. Lasteyrie (1759-1849), agronomist, industrialist, and philanthropist, was much involved in modernizing the agricultural techniques practiced in France. He had taken an interest in lithography almost from the beginning and was, in large part, responsible for making Paris the lithographic center of the world. He established his first lithographic press in Paris in 1815 and did much commercial work for the government, printing of caricatures, vanity projects for the "high society" of the city, and, above all, the drawings of artists and amateurs. The plates, all signed "C. de Last," contain depictions of farm buildings of various sorts; many kinds of fences, barriers, and walls; carriages, wagons, and wheel barrows; farm tools including hoes and rakes; distillation apparatus; bee hives of many sorts; wine-making equipment; irrigation devices including pumps, water raising devices, canals, and ditches; harnesses for horses, cows, and goats; racks to dry crops; bridges; furnaces; mills; baskets to be placed on horses; chicken coops; ladders; trellises; gates; shelves for aging cheeses; dairy equipment; picks and axes; barns; bird houses; silos; designs for stalls for horses and cows; dams; green houses; etc.; etc. A fine and attractive copy. Bookplate of the Chateau de Monbouan. ? Twyman, Lithography, pp. 49-57. 199 finely lithographed plates (the plate "Irrigations, No. 6" in Vol. I was not published). Lithographed title, 48 printed leaves of text including final leaf listing plates; one lithographed leaf of "Prospectus," lithographed title, 45 leaves of text incl. final leaf listing plates. Two parts in one vol. Large 4to, cont. green half-sheep (joints very carefully repaired), spine gilt. Paris, "á l'Etabissement lithographique du Comte de Lasteyrie, Rue du Bac No. 58," 1820-21 [Attributes: First Edition; Signed Copy; Hard Cover]

LEDERMÜLLER, Martin Frobenius.Mikroskopische Gemüths- und Augen-Ergötzung. With : (2) Nachleese seiner mikroskopischen Gemüths- und Augen-Ergötzung. (3) Abgenötigte Vertheidigung als ein Anhang seiner mikro-skopischen Gemüths- und Augen-Ergötzung. (4) Letzte Beobachtungen seiner mikroskopischen Ergötzungen, welche ein nicht gemeines Nest mit der kleinsten Art von Schlupfwespen in Flockwolle enthalten; nebst der Beschreibung und Abbildung eines neuen und vollständigen Universalmikroskops von W. Burucker.Nuremberg, A.W. Winterschmidt, 1762-1776. 4 parts in 1 volume. 4to. With two engraved frontispieces (a hand-coloured to the first and a black and white to the second part), full-page engraved black and white portrait of Friedrich of Brandenburg after Ledermüller, in total 162 hand-coloured engraved plates by A. W. Winterschmidt, some head- and pieces in text, of which one engraved. Contemporary vellum. Brunet III, cols. 918-919; Horn & Schenkling 13091 and 3093; Hünersdorff, Coffee, pp. 862-63; Nissen, BBI 1156; Stafleu & Cowan 4288; V.d. Velde, Mikroscoop IV, p. 213. First edition, with the rare final part, of one of the most beautiful works on microscopy issued during the 18th century, containing remarkable coloured plates of magnified insects, shells, plants, and parts of the microscope, and an especially illuminating and drawing apparatus. The first part also includes a description of the coffee plant (pp. 189-194); the plant itself, ''with details of the blossom and fruit is illustrated on plate 97, and in microscopic detail on plate 98'' (Hünersdorff).This "highly estimated work" (Brunet), was published in installments from 1759 onwards, though the complete first part is dated 1762. Before the first series of 100 plates was finished in 1763, the Nachleese , or first continuation, issued in five installments of ten plates each, was started in April 1762. In 1765 a second continuation was published in two installments, containing a 20 pp. description of a microscope on one plate and Winterschmidt's notes of 8 pages on a house-fly on one plate on another (the latter present here from another copy and loosely inserted). In 1776 the very rare third continuation was published posthumously as Letzte Beobachtungen seiner mikroskopischen Ergötzungen, welche ein nicht gemeines Nest mit der kleinsten Art von Schlupfwespen in Flockwolle enthalten (two pages with two hand-coloured plates) and Nebst der Beschreibung und Abbildung eines neuen und vollständigen Universalmikroskops, welches dreyerley Arten von Sonnenmikroskopen, ein Compositum, ein Anatomisches, ein Einfaches, und ein Hand- oder Spaziermikroskop; auch zweyerley Arten von Cameris Obscuris abgiebt. Herausgebracht und verfertigt von Wilhelm Burucker (eight pages with eight hand-coloured plates). This continuation was not incorporated in the later edition of 1804. Apart from the sophistication mentioned, a fine work in a contemporary binding.

VoltaireCandide ou LOptisme, Traduit de L'Allemand de Mr Le Docteur Ralph Gabriel Cramer, Geneva 1759 - Candide ou L'Optisme, Traduit de L'Allemand de Mr Le Docteur Ralph by Voltaire.A beautiful rebound copy of this classic French satire work, Candide ou L'Optisme, by Voltaire in very good condition. This novella has been translated many times and it is unusual to find such a good copy.Rebound in calf leather with embossed decorations on the covers. Original back strip is retained on the spine edge. The spine is decorated and in very good condition. Marbled end papers, replaced. The contents are clean and have marbled edges. Hardly any foxing. Signature of previous owner on the front free page. There is a small section of the page ends which is missing and not significantly noticeable. A previous owner has very neatly written 'Par M. de Voltaire' (by Mr Voltaire) on the title page. In French. 10 x 17". 237 pp plus 3 pages of 'tables of chapters' at the rear. [Attributes: Hard Cover]