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All Praise is due to Allah SubHanuhu wa Ta’ala and Choicest Salutations upon His August Habib Peace and Blessings of Allah be Upon Him.

I am sharing this brief note extracted from “Fadl al-Ilm wa al-Ulama“, the Blessed book by Aarife-Billah, ash-Shaykh al-Imam Naqi Ali al-Qadiri Radi Allahu Ta’ala Anho on the Excellence of Knowledge and the Ulama. Here we will discuss about some obstacles to the path of seeking knowledge. I humbly pray that this note will enlighten the hearts and encourage my Muslim brothers and sisters to acquire the knowledge of Deen.

1. If there is no water after making a search for water within a two and a half kilometre (2.5 km) area.
2. If a person is very sick and fears that the use of water will cause more illness or harm to the person.
3. If a person is becoming late for Janazah Salaah or Eid Salaah.
4. If a person fears being attacked by snakes or animals if he or she goes for water.
5. When water is very scarce and only sufficient for drinking purposes.

STEP 1: Make the Niyyah (Intention) for Tayyammum:
STEP 2: Strike both hands on the earth, sand or dust or any object having dust on it. Then, dust the hands clean or blow the extra dust off the hands and wipe the entire face (as done in Wudu) without leaving out any part of the face.
STEP 3: Strike both hands again on the ground, dust clean and wipe the right arm up to the elbow with the left hand and left arm with the right hand. Make Khilal of the fingers. If one is wearing a ring or bangle, it is necessary to remove it or shift it. If one has a beard, it is Sunnah to also make Khilal of the beard (run fingers through the beard).

1. To make the Niyyah (intention) for Tayyammum.
2. Striking both palms on the earth or dust and wiping them over the face.
3. Striking both palms on the earth or dust and wiping them over the arms till the elbows.

The Sunnahs of Tayyammum

The Sunnahs of Tayyammum are:

1. To begin with the “Bismillah.”
2. To start with the right hand.
3. To make Khilal of the beard.
4. To make Khilal of the fingers.
5. To make Tayyammum in the proper sequence.

Wudu (Ablution) is the key to Salaah and it is essential that we perform Wudu first before we begin Salaah. These are the steps to take when making Wudu:

Method of making Wudu

First, make the Niyyah (Intention) for Wudu:

a: Wash both the hands up to the wrist 3 times making sure that water has reached between the fingers.
b: Next, put a handful of water into the mouth and rinse it thoroughly 3 times.
c: After this, sniff water into the nostrils 3 times to clean them and then wash the tip of the nose 3 times.
d: Wash the face 3 times from right ear and from the forehead to the throat.
e: Wash the right arm and then the left arm thoroughly from the wrist to the elbow 3 times.
f: Then move the palm of the wet hand over the head, starting from the top of the forehead to the back and pass both hands over the back of the head to the neck.
g: Next, rub wet fingers into the grooves of both ears and holes and also pass the wet thumbs behind the ears.
h: Next pass the back of wet hands over the nape.
i: Finally, wash both feet to the ankles starting from the right and making sure that water has reached between the toes and all other parts of the feet.

There are 4 Fard in Wudu which we must strictly follow. These 4 Fards are:

1. To wash the face – which is from the forehead till the chin and from one ear to the other ear once.
2. To wash both the arms till the elbows once.
3. To make Masah of at least a quarter of the head. By quarter is meant 4 fingers width.
4. To wash the feet till the ankles once.
5. If these 4 actions are not carried out, then the Wudu will be incomplete. It will, therefore, be Haraam for a person to read Salaah.