Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic Of Iran http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI) - Journal articles for year 1991, Volume 5, Number 3Yektaweb Collection - http://www.yektaweb.comen1991/11/10STUDY OF TWO CASES OF CUTANEOUS AND SUBCUTANEOUS NOCARDIOSIShttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1636&sid=1&slc_lang=en
Presence of fungal agents in lesions of two patients in Tehran was
studied. One of them had clinical symptoms of mycetoma in his foot, and the
other had a skin infection in his arm. Examination of the lesions indicated
Nocardia asteroides. These patients did not show any evidence of nocardia
infection in other parts of the body. Negative results were obtained from the
cultures of blood and sputum.
A.R KHOSRAVIREFLEX BRADYCARDIA IN CRANIOFACIAL SURGERY: REPORT OF THREE CASEShttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1635&sid=1&slc_lang=en
Three cases who underwent surgery in different areas of the
craniofacial region were reported with bradycardia developing intraoperatively
during flap traction. Many cases of the oculocardiac reflex during
treatment of the orbital region have been reported in the literature. This
manuscript recorded that reflex bradycardia can occur during traction or
stretching of any structure innervated by the trigeminal nerve and thus the
name trigeminal-vagal reflex is better than the name oculocardiac reflex.
A.A TAHERHYDATID CYST OF THE THYROIDhttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1634&sid=1&slc_lang=en
Thyroid is a rare localization for hydatid cyst. Although the incidence of
hydatid cyst is high in this geographic area, we have had only two cases of
thyroid involvement in the last 10 years in Ghaem medical center in
Mashhad.
R RAJABIANAORTO-LEFT VENTRICULAR TUNNEL. A CASE REPORT WITH AORTIC PRESSURE AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC FINDINGShttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1633&sid=1&slc_lang=en
A seven-year-old girl with clinical diagnosis of aortic insufficiency
underwent echocardiographic and hemodynamic evaluation and referred
for surgery with the same diagnosis. However, at surgery, aorto-Ieft
ventricular tunnel was found and repaired successfully. Review of echocardiogram
and catheterization data revealed interesting findings to differentiate
this rare entity from congenital aortic regurgitation.
M BORZOOETREATMENT OF PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY BY A LONG-ACTING GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE ANALOGUE IN CHILDRENhttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1632&sid=1&slc_lang=en
The GnRH analogue has been shown to be effective in the treatment of
precocious puberty when given as a daily subcutaneous injection. We studied
the effectiveness of a long-acting GnRH analogue, Triptoreline, for the
treatment of central precocity, by suppressing gonadotropin and estradiol
secretion in three children with true precocious puberty. One month after
single dose intramuscular injection of depot GnRH analog Triptoreline, our
patients showed significant decreases in serum estradiol and blunting of the
responses of LH and FSH to GnRH test. No adverse effects were noted
during the first six to eight months of treatment.
F MOSTAFAVIA REPORT OF RAPID AND EFFICIENT METHOD FOR MITOCHONDRIAL DNAhttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1631&sid=1&slc_lang=en
Based on the similarity of prokaryotic DNA to that of mitochondrial
DNA, a rapid and efficient method for DNA purification from
mitochondrial extracts obtained from different sources, was carried out
based on the modification method described by Marmur (1983) which
resulted in a high degree of purity (A260/A280=2). In addition we have
applied the same technique for the first time to purify the mitochondrial
DNA of platelets.
N EINOLLAHITHE EFFECT OF THEOPHYLLINE ON THE PRODUCTION OF COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR (CSF)BY THE LUNGhttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1629&sid=1&slc_lang=en
The effect of theophylline on colony stimulating factor production by
the lung tissue was investigated. Addition of various concentrations of
theophylline to the lung conditioned medium enhanced CSF production at
10 µg/ml and at higher concentrations showed an inhibitory effect. Determination
of the phosphate content of the medium showed a decrease at 1-3
hours of incubation. Addition of AMP to the cultures in the presence of
theophylline had no effect on the CSF production but compensated phosphate
content of the lung cultures. Exogenous cAMP or its dibutyryl
derivative also stimulated CSF production. On the other hand IBMX,
another inhibitor of phosphodiesterases, exerted similar effect as theophylline.
The results suggest that cAMP regulates CSF production by the lung.
A RABBANISERUM LEVELS OF PROLACTIN, THYROTROPIN, THYROID HORMONES, TRH RESPONSIVENESS, AND MALE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION IN INTERMITTENT ISLAMIC FASTINGhttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1628&sid=1&slc_lang=en
During the Islamic lunar month of Ramadan millions of Muslims
abstain from drinking and eating from dawn to sunset. The objective of this
study was to investigate the effect of intermittent Islamic fasting on
reproductive function, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and the
peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones in men.
We measured serum levels of FSH, LH, testosterone, prolactin, TSH,
T4, T3 and T3 uptake, and prolactin and TSH responses to TRH, before, at
10th, 20th and 29th days of Ramadan and four weeks after fasting month was
terminated. Subj ects were nine healthy men who fasted 17 hours a day for 29
days. There were no significant changes in serum levels of any of measured
hormones during Ramadan. Prolactin and TSH responses to TRH were also
unaltered. The only positive finding 'Yas increased serum T4 of 1.5 to 2.8
Ilg/dl and increased free T4 index (FT4I) in five of nine subjects in the last
days of Ramadan.
We conclude that 1) Intermittent abstinence from food and drink for 17
hr a day, as is observed in Islamic fasting, does not alter male reproductive
function, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, or peripheral metabolism of
thyroid hormones. 2) In some subjects slight increase in serum T4 may occur
in the last days of Ramadan.
F AZIZISTUDY OF THE ETIOLOGIC AGENTS OF MYCETOMA AND SPOROTRICHOSIS IN THE NORTH OF IRAN (GILAN AND MAZANDARAN PROVINCES)http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1627&sid=1&slc_lang=en
During 2 years, from March 1987 to April 1989, 600 samples of soil and
plant were collected from different cities of northern provinces of Iran. Out
of the six hundred samples 58 Actinomycetes, 9 Pseudallescheria boydii, 10
Sporothrix schenckii, and 4 Sporothrix schenckii-like fungi were isolated as
the following: Streptomyces griseus from 31 samples (38.27%), Nocardia
asteroides from 8 samples (9.87%), Actinomadura madura from 8 samples
(9.87% ), Streptomyces lavendulae from 6 samples (7.4 % ), Nocardia autotropica
from 3 samples (3.7%) Streptomyces rimosus from 1 sample(1.24%),
Nocardia carnea from 1 sample (1.24%), Pseudallescheria boydii from 9
samples (11.11 %), Sporothrix schenckii from 10 samples (12.34%), Sporothrix
schencii-like fungi induding ceratocystis sp.from 2 samples (2.48%),
Doratomyces purpureofuscus from 1 sample (1.24%), and Scopulariopsis
candida from 1 sample (1.24%).
M MOGHADDAMIANTICONVULSANT THERAPY-INDUCED ALTERATIONS IN CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIShttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1626&sid=1&slc_lang=en
35 epileptic patients, aged 10 to 58 years (mean 23), who were taking
anticonvulsant drugs were studied. The patients exhibited a 34% reduction
in serum calcium levels, a 41 % increase in serum alkaline phosphatase
activity and a slight but insignificant decrease in serum phosphate, compared
to untreated controls. These changes appear to be related to the anticonvulsant
drug taken, in the following order of decreasing importance: phenytoin
+ phenobarbital + carbamazepine phenytoin + phenobarbital phenytoin
+ carbamazepine,and phenobarbital + carbamazepine. It is possible that
anticonvulsant drugs alter vitamin D metabolism which results in disturbance
of calcium homeostasis. Moreover these changes in serum calcium and
alkaline phosphatase activity in anticonvulsant treatment patients are
similar to those in patients with osteomalacia.
T GHAFGHAZI NEONATAL MORTALITY IN RELATION TO BIRTH WEIGHThttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1624&sid=1&slc_lang=en
730 low birth weight (LBW) neonates and 1460 controls were selected
from 13,123 neonates born from October 1988 to June 1989 in 17 hospitals
and maternity units in Tehran, and were compared for mortality in the first
seven and up to 28 days of life (early neonatal period).
In this study all low birth weight newborns are divided according to four
sub-groups of birth weight, and the mortality within the first seven (early
neonatal mortality) and up to twenty eight days of life (neonatal mortality) is
examined in both groups. Part of the results are as follows:
I- low infants comprise 5.6% of total newborns,
2- 14.3% of LBW neonates die within the first seven days of life,
3-75% of very LBW neonates (less than 1500 g) die within the first seven days
of life,
4- low birth weight neonates have a mortality rate twenty four times that of
normal birth weight infants in the first and fourth weeks of life,
5- neonatal mortality rate in this study was 18 per thousand.
H EFTEKHARTHE STUDY OF OPSONIZATION ACTIVITY OF THE PHAGOCYTOSIS PROCESS IN MENINGITIS, SEPSIS, AND RECURRENT INFECTION IN CHILDRENhttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1623&sid=1&slc_lang=en
In this survey, opsonization activity of sera in 110 patients with
meningitis, sepsis and recurrent infection 12 patients after healing and 50
normal adults has been studied. Opsonization activity was measured by an
assay depending on electronic particle counting to measure yeast uptake
(alternative pathway activator) which was modified in our laboratory.
Three classes of immunoglobulins (lgG, lgM, lgA) and C3 levels were
also studied depending on single radial immunodiffusion by using Behring
kit in our patients.
54 pathological sera with defective opsonization showed low C3 levels,
two with lower than normal opsonization activity showed low C3 levels, 11
defective opsonization cases showed normal C3 levels, 3 of which were
related to diabetic patients.
22 instances of decreased 19G, 14 cases of decreased 19M and 18 cases of
decreased lgA were observed in 110 patients.
The opsonization activity, C3 and immunoglobulin levels in 12 patients
have become normal after healing.
S NEZAM DIBABLOOD PRESSURE COMPONENTS AS PREDICTORS OF ISCHAEMIC HEART DISEASE MORTALITY IN THE WEST OF SCOTLANDhttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1621&sid=1&slc_lang=en
The relative importance of systolic blood pressure (SBP) versus
diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in predicting the risk of ischaemic heart
disease (IHD) mortality is controversial. We have re-examined SBP compared
to D BP and other combinations of SBP and D BP in predicting the risk
of IHD mortality in a long-term cohort study oflO,541 men and women in the
West of Scotland.
During a mean follow-up of 11.6 years, 1,616 deaths occurred, among
which 553 (34% 327 male, 181 female) were caused by IHD.
In a multiple logistic regression (MLR) model the predictive values of
SBP, DBP, mean arterial pressure (MAP), mean arterial index (MAl), and
pulse pressure (PP) were examined in relation to IHD mortality after
adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), casual blood glucose, serum
cholesterol and cigarette smoking at entry. All blood pressure measures
were associated with IHD mortality in females the risk of IHD deaths was
more strongly associated with SBP in males SBP and DBP had similar
predictive strength.
M JANGHORBANILOWER LUNG FIELD TUBERCULOSIS: AN ANALYSIS OF 146 CASEShttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1620&sid=1&slc_lang=en
Medical records of 146 patients with lower lung field tuberculosis were
reviewed. There was a female to male ratio of5: 4. More than 75% of patients
were under 35 years of age and average duration of symptoms before
diagnosis was less than one month in 7% , between 1 -6 months the in 63 % and
more than 12 months in 10% of our patients. PPD test was positive in 80%
and direct sputum smear for acid-fast bacilli was positive in 88% of cases.
Radiologically, tuberculous lesion was limited to right lower lobe (RLL)
alone in more than 50% , left lower lobe (LLL) alone in 35% , while bilateral
lower lobe involvement was found in 15% of our patients. Superior segments
of right and left lower lobes were the most commonly involved segments
respectively. Pulmonary infiltrates were nonhomogenous in more than 80%
of cases while homogenous pneumonia-like consolidations were found in
15% of our series. 6 6% of patients had cavitary changes with air-fluid levels
in 20%. Hilar adenopathy alone or in combination with paratracheal
adenopathy was found in chest x-rays of 9% of cases. Fasting and two hour
postprandial blood sugars were measured in 98 patients. Seven (7.1 %) had
overt diabetes mellitus and all of them were diabetic at the time of diagnosis
of tuberculosis. Five pregnant women, a medical student, a radiology
technician, an old male with metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary
origin under chemotherapy, a middle-aged woman with rheumatic heart
disease (mitral stenosis) who acquired tuberculosis of superior segment of
RLL after valve replacement, an old female with rheumatoid arthritis on
nonsteroid anti-Inflammatory agents, a male with history of alcohol intake, a
young male with alopecia totalis and a young female with tuberous sclerosis
were included among our patients.
H HEIDARNEDJADCLASSIFICATION OF CONGENITAL MIDDLE AND EXTERNAL EAR MALFORMATIONS: CT STUDYhttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1618&sid=1&slc_lang=en
The authors used high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) for
studying 52 congenitally malformed ears in 45 children between five and 10
years of age. In six children the malformations were bilateral. The malformations
clinically manifested as microtia, atresia of the external auditory canal
and conductive deafness.
Analyzing anatomical details and pathological changes on HRCT axial
sections the authors established three groups of malformations. In the first
group, auditory assicles were malformed in almost all cases, in the second
group besides deformed auditory ossicles in majority of cases, the mastoid
was apneumatised, and in the third group there were malformed auditory
ossicles and the mastoids were apneumatised and in more than half of cases
cavum tympani was malformed or filled with mesenchyme.
These features have great importance in surgical reconstruction of
congenital middle ear malformations.
A JASOVICEXPERIENCE WITH BLADDER NECK INCISION TO RELIEVE BLADDER OUTLET OBSTRUCTION VERSUS TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE IN SHIRAZhttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1616&sid=1&slc_lang=en
TUR is cited as the treatment of choice for relief of bladder outflow tract
obstruction in the male, but bladder neck incision (BNI) is an acceptable
alternative when the gland is smalI.1,2,3 Sixty cases of BNIfTUR have been
reviewed (BNI=35, TUR=25) from March, 1986 to April, 1988.
BNI was done when the glands were less than 30 gr , and when there was
no clinical suspicion of malignancy the operative technique of our single
incision is given.4 In BNI the catheter stay was shorter, and there was less
infection, a significantly reduced need for blood transfusion, and satisfactory
outcome in terms of control and need forfurther surgery. BNI is a technically
simpler procedure than TUR and is easy to teach and learn. Our results
show it is safe and effective for patients in acute retention as well as those
treated electively and is the operation of choice for a small benign prostate. In
larger glands BNI may not be desirable. In matched cases this method
provided better results and fewer complications than the standard transurethral
resection.
F MANAHEJIFAMILIAL MEDITERRANEAN FEVER: A STUDY OF 32 CASEShttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1614&sid=1&slc_lang=en
From April 1983 to September 1990, 32 patients with familial
mediterranean fever (FMF) were studied. FMF is characterized by short,
self-limited, febrile episodes that occur with inflammation of serosal surfaces.
Major symptoms include fever and abdominal pain, presenting as
acute surgical abdomen. These attacks are associated with considerable
morbidity and in some patients lead to unnecessary surgery. Diagnosis of this
disease depends on the absence of any objective markers and the recognition
of the symptoms in a susceptible individual. Duration of disease on
admission was 1.5-19 years. Except in two pairs of siblings, no familial
association was noted. This is the first review of the cases of FMF from Iran.
A MONTAZERIPATTERN OF MALIGNANT TUMORS IN KERMAN PROVINCEhttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1612&sid=1&slc_lang=en
From March 1980 to March 1989 a total number of 2254 (7.6%) new
malignant cases from Kerman province were diagnosed by examination of
surgical specimens, blood films and bone marrow smears. The crude relative
frequency of cancers was studied and compared with other areas of Iran.
Gastric (11.36%) and urinary bladder (7.01 %) carcinomas were significantly
more common in Kerman province than other parts of Iran. Esophageal
malignancy was also common in this area. No significant difference was
found in the pattern of lymphomas and leukemias. Frequencies of cancer of
the cervix (3.24%) and oral cavity (3.73%) were less as compared to other
parts of Iran.
H TABRIZCHEETHE PIVOTAL ROLE OF CRANIAL NERVER DECOMPRESSIONhttp://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1611&sid=1&slc_lang=en
Reported are a total of 81 microsurgical operations for cranial nerve
root decompression comprising of 66 trigeminal, 10 facial, one vestibular,
one vagus and three accessory nerve dysfunction syndromes from 1983 to
1990.
Almost all cases of trigeminal neuralgia (TNG) secondary to vascular
(59 cases) and minute mass (10 cases) compression, and those with hemifacial
spasm (HFS) (nine out of 10 cases) recovered with microsurgical
decompression of these nerves. A comparison of results of different
treatment modalities of TNG are discussed. Some recently reported series in
the literature indicate the superiority of microvascular decompression
(MVD) of the 5th nerve for the treatment of TNG. MVD of the 7th nerve has
currently been accepted as a procedure of choice, albeit with reservations, in
managing HFS.
Despite our effective surgical outcome and satisfactory results obtained
by others with MVD of the 8th, 10th and 11th nerves, long-term follow up of
selected cases may further clarify the r9le of MVD on caudal cranial nerves.
A.F TABATABAI