Why did the daughter of Pharaoh have the zechut
[merit] to give the name to Moshe Rabbeinu? Why didn't his mother
Yocheved, who must have given him a name, prevail over her naming?

Darren Sevitz wrote:

Dear Rabbi,

The Torah says: "And Amram married Yocheved,
and she bore him Aharon and Moshe...." Moshe was only given
his name by Pharaoh's daughter much later. Was Moshe given the
same name by his parents when he was born? Or a different name,
or no name at all? Thank You.

Dear Luiz Carlos Vago and Darren Sevitz,

The Midrash relates that Moshe had 10 names. His
father called him Chever, his mother called him Yekutiel, his
sister Miriam called him Yered, etc.

Yet the name given by Pharaoh's daughter was the
one chosen by G-d. The Chumash never refers to him by any name
other than Moshe. Why?

Pharaoh's daughter saved Moshe's life and adopted
him and cared for him as her very own son. Therefore, she merited
that her name prevailed. Moshe himself may have used this name
out of gratitude to her.

Another reason the Torah calls him Moshe is the significance
of the name itself. The name "Moshe" means that just
as he was rescued and drawn from the water, so too he will he
rescue others from hardship, and that is what he did.