AIS Exam 1 Study Guide Chapter 1 • Data are facts that are collected, recorded, stored, and processed by an information system • Examples of data: o Facts about the activities that take place o The resources affected by the activities o The people who participate in the activity • Information is data that have been organized and processed to provide meaning to a user • Characteristics of useful information: o Relevant : reduces uncertainty, improves decision makers’ ability to make predictions, or confirms or corrects their prior expectations o Reliable : free from error or bias and accurately represents the events or activities of the organization o Complete : does not omit important aspects of the underlying events or activities that it measures o Timely : provided in time for decision makers to make decisions o Understandable: presented in a useful and intelligible format o Verifiable : if two knowledgeable people acting independently would each produce the same information o Accessible : available to users when they need it and in a format they can use • Value chain: o 5 primary activities  Inbound logistics : receiving, storing, and distributing the materials an organization uses to create the services and products it sells  Operations : transforms inputs into final products or services

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