DNA barcode analysis of specimens belonging to the genus Histeromerus Wesmael, 1838 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) reveals the presence of two species in North America. One is identified as H. canadensis Ashmead, 1891, which is widely recorded in North America, while the other is H. mystacinus Wesmael, 1838, a species formerly known only from the western Palaearctic.