Beijing in March widened the narrow band in which it allows its yuan to fluctuate against the U.S. dollar. But it retained controls that critics complain keep the yuan undervalued and give its exporters an unfair price advantage.

"It's important that China demonstrates a renewed commitment to move towards a more market determined exchange rate," Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew said in a meeting with a deputy Chinese premier, Wang Yang.

Washington wants a more "open, balanced" trade and investment relationship, Lew said. That would include opening China's markets wider to foreign investment and ensuring equal treatment for all companies, he said.

Lew was due to meet later with China's top economic official, Premier Li Keqiang.

Communist leaders have promised to give entrepreneurs and market forces a bigger role in China's state-dominated economy in hopes of making it more efficient and productive.

Li promised in an annual policy speech in March that the market would be allowed to play a "decisive role" in allocating credit and other resources.

The March 15 widening of the currency trading band doubled the margin by which the yuan is allowed to fluctuate each day against the dollar, though to a still relatively narrow 2 percent.

Beijing reported a $260 billion global trade surplus last year, a $30 billion increase over 2012 and among the largest ever recorded by any country.

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Chinese leaders have said they plan eventually to let the yuan trade freely on global currency markets but some analysts say that might be decades away.

The yuan has been allowed to gain about 20 percent against the dollar since 2005 but this year the central bank has been guiding its value lower. Analysts say that appeared to be an effort to discourage speculators who are moving into China to profit from the currency's rise.

Foreign business groups complain Beijing uses regulatory barriers to shield its companies from competition in violation of its free-trading pledges.

In a report in March, the American Chamber of Commerce in China said 41 percent of its members that responded to a survey believed foreign companies are "less welcome than before."