Examples Of Feudalism
Examples of feudalism are helpful to fully understand feudalism and
feudal society. Feudalism was practiced in many different ways,
depending on location and time period, thus a high-level encompassing
conceptual definition does not always provide a reader with the
intimate understanding that detailed historical examples
provide.[citation needed]Contents1 Western European Feudalism1.1 12th century England
1.2 11th century France
1.3 Holy Roman Empire
1.4 Portugal2 "Semi-feudal" (non-Western European) feudalism2.1 Byzantine Empire
2.2 Russia
2.3 Armenia
2.4 India, Pakistan and Bengal
2.5 China
2.6 Tibet
2.7 Japan3 Modern traces of feudalism3.1 Scotland
3.2 England
3.3 Sark4 See also
5 References
6 External linksWestern European Feudalism[edit]
12th century England[edit]
Feudalism in 12th century England was among the better structured and
established in Europe at the time
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NoocracyNoocracy (/noʊˈɒkrəsi/ or /ˈnoʊ.əkrəsi/), or "aristocracy of
the wise", as defined by Plato, is a social and political system that
is "based on the priority of human mind", according to Vladimir
Vernadsky.[citation needed] It was also further developed in the
writings of Pierre Teilhard de Chardin.[citation needed]Contents1 Etymology
2 Development
3 Publications
4 Criticisms
5 See also
6 ReferencesEtymology[edit]
The word itself is derived from Greek nous, Gen
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Types Of DemocracyTypes of democracy refers to kinds of governments or social structures
which allow people to participate equally, either directly or
indirectly.[1]Contents1 Direct democracies
2 Representative democracies
3 Types based on location
4 Types based on level of freedom
5 Religious democracies
6 Other types of democracy
7 See also7.1 Further types8 References
9 External linksDirect democracies[edit]
A direct democracy or pure democracy is a type of democracy where the
people govern directly. It requires wide participation of citizens in
politics.[2]
Athenian democracyAthenian democracy or classical democracy refers to a
direct democracy developed in ancient times in the Greek city-state of
Athens
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OligarchyOligarchy (from Greek ὀλιγαρχία (oligarkhía); from
ὀλίγος (olígos), meaning 'few', and ἄρχω (arkho), meaning
'to rule or to command')[1][2][3] is a form of power structure in
which power rests with a small number of people. These people might be
distinguished by nobility, wealth, family ties, education or
corporate, religious or military control. Such states are often
controlled by families who typically pass their influence from one
generation to the next, but inheritance is not a necessary condition
for the application of this term.
Throughout history, oligarchies have often been tyrannical, relying on
public obedience or oppression to exist
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AristocracyAristocracy (Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía, from
ἄριστος aristos "excellent", and κράτος kratos "power")
is a form of government that places power in the hands of a small,
privileged ruling class.[1] The term derives from the Greek
aristokratia, meaning "rule of the best".[2]
The term is synonymous with hereditary government, and hereditary
succession is its primary philosophy, after which the hereditary
monarch appoints officers as they see fit. At the time of the word's
origins in ancient Greece, the Greeks conceived it as rule by the best
qualified citizens—and often contrasted it favourably with monarchy,
rule by an individual
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PlutocracyPlutocracy (Greek: πλοῦτος, ploutos, 'wealth' + κράτος,
kratos, 'rule') or plutarchy, is a form of society defined as being
ruled or controlled by a function of wealth or higher income. The
first known use of the term was in 1631.[1] Unlike systems such as
democracy, capitalism, socialism or anarchism, plutocracy is not
rooted in an established political philosophy
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KraterocracyMight makes right is an aphorism with several potential meanings (in
order of increasing complexity):English:
The idea associated with the phrase connotes that a society's view of
right and wrong is determined, like its perspective on history, by
those currently in power. The term can be used in the descriptive,
rather than prescriptive way, in the same sense that people say that
"History is written by the victors". Because every person labels what
they think is good for themselves as right, only those who are able to
defeat their enemies can push their idea of what is right into
fruition. The phrase is most often used in negative assessments of
expressions of power.Kratocracy:
According to Montague,[1] Kratocracy or kraterocracy (from the Greek
κρατερός krateros, meaning "strong") is a government by those
who are strong enough to seize power through coercive power, social
persuasion, or deceptive cunning
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Stratocracy
A stratocracy (from στρατός, stratos, "army" and κράτος,
kratos, "dominion", "power") is a form of government headed by
military chiefs.[1] It is not the same as a military dictatorship or
military junta where the military's political power is not enforced or
even supported by other laws. Rather, stratocracy is a form of
military government in which the state and the military are
traditionally or constitutionally the same entity, and government
positions are always occupied by commissioned officers and military
leaders. Citizens with mandatory or voluntary military service, or
veterans who have been honorable discharged, have the right to elect
or govern. The military's administrative, judiciary, and/or
legislature powers are supported by law, the constitution, and the
society
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Timocracy
A timocracy (from Greek τιμή timē, "price, worth" and
-κρατία -kratia, "rule")[1]in Aristotle's Politics is a state
where only property owners may participate in government. The more
extreme forms of timocracy, where power derives entirely from wealth
with no regard for social or civic responsibility, may shift in their
form and become a plutocracy where the wealthy and powerful use their
power to increase their wealth.
In Plato's Politics, a state in which Love of wealth,Property and
power are the Guiding principles of the rulers[2].
Timocracy and property[edit]
SolonSolon introduced the ideas of timokratia as a graded oligarchy in his
Solonian Constitution for
AthensAthens in the early 6th century BC. His was
the first known deliberately implemented form of timocracy, allocating
political rights and economic responsibility depending on membership
of one of four tiers of the population
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MeritocracyMeritocracy (merit, from
LatinLatin mereō, and -cracy, from Ancient Greek
κράτος kratos "strength, power") is a political philosophy which
holds that certain things, such as economic goods or power, should be
vested in individuals on the basis of talent, effort and
achievement.[1] Advancement in such a system is based on performance,
as measured through examination or demonstrated achievement
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TechnocracyTechnocracy is a system of governance where decision-makers are
selected on the basis of their expertise in their areas of
responsibility, particularly scientific knowledge. This system
explicitly contrasts with the notion that elected representatives
should be the primary decision-makers in government,[1] though it does
not necessarily imply eliminating elected representatives. Leadership
skills for decision-makers are selected on the basis of specialized
knowledge and performance, rather than political affiliations or
parliamentary skills.[2]
The term technocracy was originally used to advocate the application
of the scientific method to solving social problems. Concern could be
given to sustainability within the resource base, instead of monetary
profitability, so as to ensure continued operation of all
social-industrial functions. In its most extreme sense technocracy is
an entire government run as a technical or engineering problem and is
mostly hypothetical
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GeniocracyGeniocracyGeniocracy is the framework for a system of government which was first
proposed by Raël (leader of the International Raëlian Movement) in
1977 and which advocates problem-solving, creative intelligence and
compassion as criteria for governance.[1]A series of articles on the
Raëlian MovementFounder • History
Beliefs & practices
Cloning (Clonaid)
FundsViews on:
Politics
Economics
CosmologyThis box:view
talk
editContents1 Definition1.1 Justifying the method of selection2 History2.1 Origins in Ancient Greece3 Agenda3.1 Response to criticism
3.2 Status
3.3
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Kritarchy
Kritarchy, also called kritocracy, is a system of rule by judges
(Hebrew: שופטים‬, shoftim) in the tribal confederacy of
ancient Israel during the period of time described in the Book of
Judges, following Joshua's conquest of
CanaanCanaan and prior to the united
monarchy under Saul.[1]
Because it is a compound of the Greek words κριτής, krites
("judge") and ἄρχω, árkhō ("to rule"), its use has expanded to
cover rule by judges in the modern sense as well, as in the case of
Somalia, ruled by judges with the polycentric legal tradition of
xeer,[2] and arguably the Islamic Courts Union[citation needed] and in
the fictional regime of Mega-city One, the focus of setting for the
JudgeJudge Dredd franchise.
References[edit]^ Dictionary.com
^ A Peaceful Ferment in Somalia: Publications: The Independent
InstituteThis government-related article is a stub
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ParticracyParticracy (also 'partitocracy', 'partocracy', or 'partitocrazia') is
a de facto form of government where one or more political parties
dominate the political process, rather than citizens and/or individual
politicians.[citation needed] As argued by Italian political scientist
Mauro Calise in 1994, the term is often derogatory, implying that
parties have too much power—in a similar vein, in premodern times it
was often argued that democracy was merely rule by the demos, or a
poorly educated and easily misled mob
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