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10.
ll.
merits, prosecutors may decide to take no
further action in a case; this is referred to
as a nolle prosequi.
Preliminary hearing/grand jury. The US
Constitution mandates that before a trial
can take place, the government must first
prove probable

r .,.,a"':_
n January of 5-, ii controversy developed across
Ithe University oVirginia (UVA) campus that had
. repercussigns around the nation. In a letter to 16
UVA sororitychapters, national leaders encouraged
members not to participate in activities r

FIGURE 1.2 Criminal Justice Funnel
mmmmmnmmmmMinimum,mumdmmmmlmlmmhmmmmmmnmmmmm
eunmmmhmmm-mmm,mumummmwmmmmmmw.
are dismissed by the presiding judge because of a witness or a complainants failure to L o _ .
appear or procedural irregularities. Thus the ju

L01 Discuss the formation
of the criminal justice
system in America
Law Enforcement Assistance
Administration (LEAA) Funded
by the federal govemmenl's Safe Streets Act,
this agency provided technical assistance and
hundreds of millions of dollars in aid t

Police departments are mosepublio
agencies created to maintain order.
entorce the criminal law. provide
emergency services. keep traffic on
streets and highways moving freely.
and develop a sense of community
safety. Police officers work actively
with the

they actually robbed trains. rustled cattle. and engaged in western land wars. Bringing
them to justice were such legendary lawmen as Wyatt Earp (famed for his part in the
Gunght at the OK Corral). Bat Masterson. and Pat Garrett (who shot and killed Billy

criminal justice system The law
enforcement, count, and correctional agencies
that work together to effect the apprehension.
prosecution. and oonh'ol of criminal oenders.
They are charged with malntalning order,
enforcing the law, Identifying transgressor

courtroom work group Thephrase
used to indicate that all parties in the adversary
process work together cooperathreiy to settle
cases with the least amount of effort and conflict.
L07 Characterize the
informal criminat justice
system
C0 NCEPT SUMMARY 1.1

L05
12
C655
12. Appeal/postcanviction remedies. After conviction. the defense can ask the trial
judge to set aside the jurys verdict because the jury has made a mistake of
lawfor example, by misinterpreting the judge's instructions or convicting on
a ch

in-presence requirement With a few
exceptions, in order to make an arrest In a mis-
demeanor. a police ofcer must have witnessed
the crime personally.
WEB APP To read the full story of
1 . 2 Dennis Radar and his
_. capture. go to the following
websites: h