myelopathic muscular atrophy muscular atrophy due to lesion of the spinal cord, as in spinal muscular atrophy.

olivopontocerebellar atrophy any of a group of progressive hereditary disorders involving degeneration of the cerebellar cortex, middle peduncles, ventral pontine surface, and olivary nuclei. They occur in the young to middle-aged and are characterized by ataxia, dysarthria, and tremors similar to those of parkinsonism.

senile atrophy the natural atrophy of tissues and organs occurring with advancing age.

spinal muscular atrophy progressive degeneration of the motor cells of the spinal cord, beginning usually in the small muscles of the hands, but in some cases (scapulohumeral type) in the upper arm and shoulder muscles, and progressing slowly to the leg muscles. Called also Aran-Duchenne disease, Cruveilhier's disease, and Duchenne's disease.

subacute yellow atrophy submassive necrosis of the liver associated with broad zones of necrosis, due to viral, toxic, or drug-induced hepatitis; it may have an acute course with death from liver failure occurring after several weeks, or clinical recovery may be associated with regeneration of the parenchymal cells.

a·my·o·tro·phic lat·er·al scle·ro·sis (ALS),

a fatal degenerative disease involving the corticobulbar, corticospinal, and spinal motor neurons, manifested by progressive weakness and wasting of muscles innervated by the affected neurons; fasciculations and cramps commonly occur. The disorder is 90-95% sporadic in nature (although a number of cases are inherited as an autosomal dominant trait [MIM*105400]), affects adults (typically, older adults), and usually is fatal within 2-5 years of onset. It is in the most common subgroup of motor neuron diseases, and the only one manifested by a combination of upper and lower abnormalities. Variants include: progressive bulbar palsy, in which isolated or predominant lower brainstem motor involvement occurs; primary lateral sclerosis, in which only upper motor neuron abnormalities are seen; and progressive spinal muscle atrophy, in which only lower motor neuron dysfunction is noted. See also entries under Henry Louis Gehrig

Duchenne paralysis - brachial birth palsy in which there is paralysis of upper arm and shoulder girdle muscles due to lesion of upper trunk of brachial plexus or roots of fifth and sixth cervical roots.

Duchenne sign - falling in of the epigastrium during inspiration in paralysis of the diaphragm.

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