Bilingualism has occurred for many years wherever countries with different languages border each other. Recently, bilingual education has begun to have a position in the formal education process of schools throughout the United States with students whose first language is not English. This bulletin, designed with the hope that it can assist school teachers or administrators in designing, implementing, and conducting bilingual education programs, discusses the bilingualism of Mexican-Americans. For a bilingual education program to work with Mexican-Americans, a person must understand, or at least know about, certain aspects of the Mexican-American culture. This bulletin discusses the history of Mexican-Americans in southern Texas since 1836, the social structure of their communities and home life, their religion, the differences between their basic value configurations and those of Anglo-Americans, and how their culture affects their education. The role of linguistics and a person's first language in a bilingual program, methods and techniques for second-language teaching, and bilingual teaching in content areas are also discussed. General suggestions for language teaching, techniques for teaching reading and writing, reinforcement activities, and art activities are given. Sample lessons, in both English and Spanish, are included for 1st grade science, 2nd and 4th grade mathematics, 5th and 6th grade art, and 3rd and 6th grade social studies. (NQ)