Bains, William (2014). A trip through chemical space: why life has evolved the chemistry that it has. in Evolutionary Biology: genome evolution, speciation, coevolution and origin of life. ed Pierre Pontarotti Springer , pp 371 - 394

Bains, W., Xiao, Y., Yu, C. (2015) Prediction of the Maximum Temperature for Life Based on the Stability of Metabolites to Decomposition in Water. Life 5: 1054 - 1100

Seager, S., Bains, W. (2015) The search for signs of life on exoplanets at the interface of chemistry and planetary science. Sci. Adv. 2015;1:e1500047 (11 pages)

Bains, W., Schulze-Makuch, D. (2015) Mechanisms of Evolutionary Innovation Point to Genetic Control Logic as the Key Difference Between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Journal of Molecular Evolution 81 (1): 34-53

Seager S., Bains W., and Petkowski J.J.. Toward a List of Molecules as Potential Biosignature Gases for the Search for Life on Exoplanets and Applications to Terrestrial Biochemistry Astrobiology. June 2016, 16(6): 465-485. doi:10.1089/ast.2015.1404.