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TheHUNTINGDON GAZETTE
[o. 11 if 'oliune 7.
HUNTINGDON (^Pennsy hania J'.Printed by JOHN M'CAHAN.
Two Dollars pei" Annum.
THURSDAY, May 28, 1807.
TURNPIKE ROADS.
To the serious attendon of the citi¬ iens of Philadelphia the following pre- itory remarks oithe Baltimore Amer'i- are submitted, in the hope of awa-
sion, that what may be done or expend¬ ed in facilitating communication be¬ tween us and that place, will hereafter be wholly or partiaUy lost, by other, and rival chaanels of trade. On the con- ^ i trary, the advantages will increase by a
;enlng them to a sense of the dangers : regular and sure gradation, as agricul- f neglect or Inattendon. The essay i ture improves and manufactures multi- rom the Tork Recorder contains ini- ply or extend. .'*
portant general observadon, and much ' The farmer at present is subjected to iseful local speculation. If these local many andjg^vy inconvenierices in car- ipeculatlons bo, even Umitedly, correct, rying out his produce. The winter |t vvi;l readily be perceived how power- season is the only time that he can con¬
veniently spare for that purpose, for in summer, and whenever the weather is good, his attention and labor is constant¬ ly required on his farm. But as the roads now are, he Is compelled to Ue by
,|iilly the proposed road will affect the i^-ade of Pniladelphia. \D. Press
'A The following production is from a iTork (Pennsylvania) paper. Wepub-
ish it in ordur to draw tiie attention of ', during the winter, or if he ventures to
.|he citizens of Baltimore immediately '. set out to niarket,itiswith a small load,
^]to the subject ou which it treats. When . and then he is often obliged to turn
¦i*/if inhabiiants ofa neighbouring state \ back before he gets to thc length of his
kire endeavouring to force benefts up- journey, and if he succeeds, his waggon
<on us, urely we ought to open our arms • is racked, his horses worried, and not
fo receive them. The people of this ; unfrequently killed or lamed, while he
>city stand in a very peculiar point of himself is exposed to the most discou-
fvlcw with respect to turnpike roads— raging difficulties, his person endan-
|The 8tat„ of Maryland has very litde gered, his health impaired, and his dme
jvback country : Hence the greater ne- unnecessarUy consumed.
Icessity for opening good avenues to our ' If he waits for dry roads as he is of-
|xnarkct for thc population of other ten obliged to do, his farms suflers ;
'states. Turnpike roads are these a- for then himself and horses cannot be
*veiiues : Tliere cannot be too many of taken from it without the most mani-
thein ; and judging from the past, there fest inconvenience. A turnpike road
is little doubt but what on the llth day would relieve him from aU diose evils.
of May next, .atthe opening of the Those seasons when on account of wet
books, the stock ot the Baltimore and or frosty weather nothing could be done
York low n Turupike road wiU be on his farm, he could then occupy to
promptly bubsciibed. [American, advantage in carrying out his produce.
Fewer impediments would then present Tork and Maryland Turnpike Road, themselves, in the worst state of the Contrary to uie general expectadons, roads, than do now when they are at a law i.us pudacd, authorising a turnpike : the best. Less time would be consu- road trom the borough of Vork to the \ med In making a trip, with double the Maryluna line, where u wili unite with | quantity, and wear and tear of waggons a turnpike road to be made irom that; and harness and the abuse of horses.
place to Baltimore. As the making of thc contemplated road will be attended with ditticultics, which nothing less than a pietiy general exeition ol public spirit, vviU be required to overcome, it remains to be seen, whether the inhabi¬ tants ot York County have sufficient en- tcrprl'ze lo accomplish it. This will in agreat measure depend upon a just discernment ofthe advantages which may fairly be expected from the under¬ taking, for it can't be supposed that men will vest their money in a fund, ^vhich does not directly or indirectly, promise an adequate remuneration. It therefore becomes an important subject of Inquiry, whether the advantages to be derived from an artificial road to Baltimore, will be sufficient to counter¬ balance the expence of making it.
1 presume it will not be required that I should prove the general and great utility of good public roads ; this is so obvious that it is seen and felt by every One, and the subject is acquiring an at¬ tention in this and in some ofthe neigh bouring states, which far exceeds that of all other projects of improvement. York county seems to have been more tardy and listless, on this subject, than most other counties in this state, altho' others cannot rationally calculate on de riving equal advantages from such an underlaking. Scarcely a district, but has commenced some project of faciU- taung the means of intercourse either V ardficial roads or canals ; while we are just beginning to consider of it, and * partially opening our eyes to our own interest.
As Baltimore is the nearest seaport that we eidier have or ever cau have, we ought to consider it as our perman¬ ent market, not only when we are to seUour produce of every kind,but where ve are to procure all articles necessary or useful, which our own soil or manu¬ factures do not produce. There ^an th«refore be no groand for apprfjhcn
would be much less than at present. E- ven rainy seasons in the summer, which are now entirely lost, could then be turned to a profitable account, by taking out a load of produce. Whenever the ground would be so wet, as to stop the plough the waggon could go. It may be indeed said with safety, thatthe greatest farmer in the country, whenever he has the advantage of a turnpike road, can carry all his produce to market, and bring back his plaister of paris and other necessaries, xvithout loosing one day in the whole year. This will enable him to cultivate his lands better, and at a smaUer expence, because he will be able to bestow more ofhis own labour on it, and have less to hire, while he wiU save at least one half of what the exportation of his produce now costs. Nor will I be justly chargeable with extravagance, when I add, at least ten per cent to his lands, whenever tliey ai-e offered for sale.
To all those advantages nothing can be opp^ed or even considered as the shadow of a drawback, except the pay¬ ment of toll; a matter so trifling and in¬ significant, compared with the advan¬ tages, as scarcely to deserve "any con¬ sideration. Yet even this produces a profit to the stockholder, and operates as a reward to the benefactor of the l)ubllc.
But will the inhabitants of this borough and of the other villages in this county, the storekeeper, the meohanic, the innkeeper, view this subject with in¬ difference, and perceive no benefit re¬ sulting from it to themselves ? Certain¬ ly not. Ail classes of citizens depend ultimately on the farmer, and their pros¬ perity depends on his. The increase of his we.ilth will increase his demand for their wares. Men's wants are li¬ mited by their means, and the more mo¬ ney the farmer makes, thc more he ex¬ pends or lays out for those articles of jcouveaience and luxury, wlwch his owa
farm can not supply—Hence in this view of the subject It is plain that every order in the community is interested. But wiU not the storekeeper have an ad¬ vantage in the carriage of his goods ? Does not almost every mechanic use materials more or less, which are ob¬ tained from abroad ? Does not any fa^ mily consume groceries aod other things whicii pay at present a heavy carriage ? Every pound of sugar and every pound of an^ other thing brought from PhUa¬ delphia or Baltimore, costs the consumer from one cent to half a Cent for the car¬ riage at present: is it not an object to have this eipence reduced one half or more ? Let every house-keeper, me^ chanic, storekeeper, and innkeeper, con* sider this in the single, smaU, hut ac¬ cumulates considerable saving. Let them further consider that ofthe 75,000 dollars allovved for making the road, the greater part will find its way into their hands, and say whether they are not interested.
I say nothing now of the certainty of securing to York and York county, the course of the commerce between Bal¬ timore and all the counties on the wa¬ ters of the Susquehanna ; whenever the turnpike is extended to the Conewago can-al, the whole trade of that river, must of necessity fall into this channel, and the immense produce of one fourth part of the state, wiU find its way to market through the town of York. In a word the whole may be comprised in saying, that a turnpike road from York to Bahimore would as to every substan¬ tial advantage bring us from twenty-five to thirty miles nearer to the latter place than we are at present, and a turnpike from York to the Canevvago canal would bring us into the very neigh¬ bourhood of, and open a vent for our manufactures, storegoods, &c. to Cum¬ berland, Northumberland, MilHin, Huntingdon, Centre, Bedford; and o- ther rich counties, with most of which we have no more intercourse at present, than if they were situated in the pacific ocean.
But the stockholder, besides partak¬ ing in common with others, the advan¬ tages and benefits already aUuded to, will receive a certain profit on the mo¬ ney he subscribes or the stock he holds. If on experiment the tolls as fixed in the law itself are found to produce less than six per cent they may be raised by the company until they produce that sum clear, and it cannot be denied that turnpike stock is one of the safest funds that money can be put into. The di¬ vidends also are made quarterly, or half yearly, and the stockholder meets with no difficulty or delay in drawing his di¬ vidend whenever it is due*
But it is also a fund where the profits wiU always be encreasing, as the popu¬ lation ofthe countn,' encreases, and I do not beUeve that there is a turnpike road in Pennsylvania, which wiU yield a better, or even so good a profit as would be produced by such a road from the canal to Baltimore. Not only all the grain, pork, flour, whiskey. Sec. of those counties on die Susquehannah, would pass along the road, but likewise vast quantities of lumber, boards, scantling, &c. and all the groceries and other goods necessary to supply a large «xtent of country. In a word, the whole river trade to and from market, will pay tri¬ bute to the holder of this stock, for on this route it must go, nor is it possible for any human force to give it any o- ther direction, which will be so advan¬ tageous. Therefore, in whatever light the subject can be fairly viewed, it holds forth great encouragement to the in¬ habitants of York county, to have it accompUshed,
LATEST
Foreign Intelligence
AFemel, Feb. 16. (Extract of letters)
" After the batde of PuUusk, where we kep:our ground, thc French suffer¬ ed every where, 'til driven nearly to the borders ofthe Vistula, when they found themselves In so difficult a situation, that they would have been obliged to retreat, had the corps of Bennigsen and Lestoco beeu strong enough to have co¬ vered the whole ground. The F'rench manoeuvring their army most adroitly, marched on in the r«ar of the Russians and Prussians towards Konigsberg, and ^ reached Heilsberg.
" General's Bennigsen and Lestoco' here gained the greatest credit by their expert manoeuvres ; they effected a junction of their corps, and took an ad¬ vanced position at Eylau, before the French were aware ofit. General Les toco's corps formed the right wing, whose army occupied an excLileiit po¬ sition on a ridge of mountains, the front towards Elau.
"On the 7th, the firing of the light troops began, by which nothing waa gained, and the iiiglit was passed under arms. On the 8th, in tne morning, the French began by a ht^avy cannonade, StiU, hov/evcr, delaying the attack* Ge¬ neral Bennigsen remained firm In his position. At one o'clock the first at¬ tack was made on the right whig, from whence Gen. Lestoco had marched ; and as the French attacked with their whole force, so the whole was repulsed. Nothing scarcely was to be seen but Horses, from which the riders had been cut down. The horse grenadiers of Bo¬ naparte advanced at a steady pace be¬ tween the Russian columns, unperceiv- ed for some time, owing to the smoke ; they were, however, recognized be* tween a regiment ofhussars and a regi¬ ment of dragoons, and were charged by them with the greatest fury. 'Ihis was exactly what the grenadiers wished ; they intended to turn about and fall back, in hopes of being pursued by the Russian cavalry, in disorder, thereby affording an opportunity for the whole of the F'rench cavalry to charge them ; for which pui-pose they were already moving down the h:U. Gen. Bennig¬ sen not suffering a single regiment to break the line, the French cavalry turn¬ ed about again, except the grenadiers, who literally, were cut to pieces ; not a single man escaped. The attacks lasted tlU three o'clock, and ten eagles, and seven stand of colors, were bro't to Ben ' nigsen. The French, aware ofthe weakness of the left wing, directed their whole force there. Lestoco, re-appetu* cd. He pushed on with his small force which were Lithuanians, in a very gal¬ lant manner, and repulsed all that op-" posed him. He had already been en¬ gaged with Bemadotte's corps, in the rear ofthe Russian army, through which . he cut his way, and decided the fate of the battle. Bennigsen afterwards re¬ treated with his army to this place, in order not to lo»e the fruits ofhis victo¬ ry ; and has taken up a position at Kon igsberg, to furnish himself with a fresh supply of ammunition, and havti care taken of the sick. The French undef Bonaparte, were 90,000 strong; the ' Russians and Prussians only 70,000 ;' since that time, a reinforcement of 30 pulks of Cossacks, and 50,000 men, the corps of Gen. £ssen have joined them; The French arc sdll pursued. Worn out with sickness and fatigue, they aro confined to a tract of ground twice wasted already by the Russian & IVcH armies, and where it is likely they wUh wholly, be destroyed. Bohaparte sent his -Jiost cunning negociator. Gen. Ber- irardj to th« Kin^ of Prii8»i», To d^

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TheHUNTINGDON GAZETTE
[o. 11 if 'oliune 7.
HUNTINGDON (^Pennsy hania J'.Printed by JOHN M'CAHAN.
Two Dollars pei" Annum.
THURSDAY, May 28, 1807.
TURNPIKE ROADS.
To the serious attendon of the citi¬ iens of Philadelphia the following pre- itory remarks oithe Baltimore Amer'i- are submitted, in the hope of awa-
sion, that what may be done or expend¬ ed in facilitating communication be¬ tween us and that place, will hereafter be wholly or partiaUy lost, by other, and rival chaanels of trade. On the con- ^ i trary, the advantages will increase by a
;enlng them to a sense of the dangers : regular and sure gradation, as agricul- f neglect or Inattendon. The essay i ture improves and manufactures multi- rom the Tork Recorder contains ini- ply or extend. .'*
portant general observadon, and much ' The farmer at present is subjected to iseful local speculation. If these local many andjg^vy inconvenierices in car- ipeculatlons bo, even Umitedly, correct, rying out his produce. The winter |t vvi;l readily be perceived how power- season is the only time that he can con¬
veniently spare for that purpose, for in summer, and whenever the weather is good, his attention and labor is constant¬ ly required on his farm. But as the roads now are, he Is compelled to Ue by
,|iilly the proposed road will affect the i^-ade of Pniladelphia. \D. Press
'A The following production is from a iTork (Pennsylvania) paper. Wepub-
ish it in ordur to draw tiie attention of ', during the winter, or if he ventures to
.|he citizens of Baltimore immediately '. set out to niarket,itiswith a small load,
^]to the subject ou which it treats. When . and then he is often obliged to turn
¦i*/if inhabiiants ofa neighbouring state \ back before he gets to thc length of his
kire endeavouring to force benefts up- journey, and if he succeeds, his waggon
city stand in a very peculiar point of himself is exposed to the most discou-
fvlcw with respect to turnpike roads— raging difficulties, his person endan-
|The 8tat„ of Maryland has very litde gered, his health impaired, and his dme
jvback country : Hence the greater ne- unnecessarUy consumed.
Icessity for opening good avenues to our ' If he waits for dry roads as he is of-
|xnarkct for thc population of other ten obliged to do, his farms suflers ;
'states. Turnpike roads are these a- for then himself and horses cannot be
*veiiues : Tliere cannot be too many of taken from it without the most mani-
thein ; and judging from the past, there fest inconvenience. A turnpike road
is little doubt but what on the llth day would relieve him from aU diose evils.
of May next, .atthe opening of the Those seasons when on account of wet
books, the stock ot the Baltimore and or frosty weather nothing could be done
York low n Turupike road wiU be on his farm, he could then occupy to
promptly bubsciibed. [American, advantage in carrying out his produce.
Fewer impediments would then present Tork and Maryland Turnpike Road, themselves, in the worst state of the Contrary to uie general expectadons, roads, than do now when they are at a law i.us pudacd, authorising a turnpike : the best. Less time would be consu- road trom the borough of Vork to the \ med In making a trip, with double the Maryluna line, where u wili unite with | quantity, and wear and tear of waggons a turnpike road to be made irom that; and harness and the abuse of horses.
place to Baltimore. As the making of thc contemplated road will be attended with ditticultics, which nothing less than a pietiy general exeition ol public spirit, vviU be required to overcome, it remains to be seen, whether the inhabi¬ tants ot York County have sufficient en- tcrprl'ze lo accomplish it. This will in agreat measure depend upon a just discernment ofthe advantages which may fairly be expected from the under¬ taking, for it can't be supposed that men will vest their money in a fund, ^vhich does not directly or indirectly, promise an adequate remuneration. It therefore becomes an important subject of Inquiry, whether the advantages to be derived from an artificial road to Baltimore, will be sufficient to counter¬ balance the expence of making it.
1 presume it will not be required that I should prove the general and great utility of good public roads ; this is so obvious that it is seen and felt by every One, and the subject is acquiring an at¬ tention in this and in some ofthe neigh bouring states, which far exceeds that of all other projects of improvement. York county seems to have been more tardy and listless, on this subject, than most other counties in this state, altho' others cannot rationally calculate on de riving equal advantages from such an underlaking. Scarcely a district, but has commenced some project of faciU- taung the means of intercourse either V ardficial roads or canals ; while we are just beginning to consider of it, and * partially opening our eyes to our own interest.
As Baltimore is the nearest seaport that we eidier have or ever cau have, we ought to consider it as our perman¬ ent market, not only when we are to seUour produce of every kind,but where ve are to procure all articles necessary or useful, which our own soil or manu¬ factures do not produce. There ^an th«refore be no groand for apprfjhcn
would be much less than at present. E- ven rainy seasons in the summer, which are now entirely lost, could then be turned to a profitable account, by taking out a load of produce. Whenever the ground would be so wet, as to stop the plough the waggon could go. It may be indeed said with safety, thatthe greatest farmer in the country, whenever he has the advantage of a turnpike road, can carry all his produce to market, and bring back his plaister of paris and other necessaries, xvithout loosing one day in the whole year. This will enable him to cultivate his lands better, and at a smaUer expence, because he will be able to bestow more ofhis own labour on it, and have less to hire, while he wiU save at least one half of what the exportation of his produce now costs. Nor will I be justly chargeable with extravagance, when I add, at least ten per cent to his lands, whenever tliey ai-e offered for sale.
To all those advantages nothing can be opp^ed or even considered as the shadow of a drawback, except the pay¬ ment of toll; a matter so trifling and in¬ significant, compared with the advan¬ tages, as scarcely to deserve "any con¬ sideration. Yet even this produces a profit to the stockholder, and operates as a reward to the benefactor of the l)ubllc.
But will the inhabitants of this borough and of the other villages in this county, the storekeeper, the meohanic, the innkeeper, view this subject with in¬ difference, and perceive no benefit re¬ sulting from it to themselves ? Certain¬ ly not. Ail classes of citizens depend ultimately on the farmer, and their pros¬ perity depends on his. The increase of his we.ilth will increase his demand for their wares. Men's wants are li¬ mited by their means, and the more mo¬ ney the farmer makes, thc more he ex¬ pends or lays out for those articles of jcouveaience and luxury, wlwch his owa
farm can not supply—Hence in this view of the subject It is plain that every order in the community is interested. But wiU not the storekeeper have an ad¬ vantage in the carriage of his goods ? Does not almost every mechanic use materials more or less, which are ob¬ tained from abroad ? Does not any fa^ mily consume groceries aod other things whicii pay at present a heavy carriage ? Every pound of sugar and every pound of an^ other thing brought from PhUa¬ delphia or Baltimore, costs the consumer from one cent to half a Cent for the car¬ riage at present: is it not an object to have this eipence reduced one half or more ? Let every house-keeper, me^ chanic, storekeeper, and innkeeper, con* sider this in the single, smaU, hut ac¬ cumulates considerable saving. Let them further consider that ofthe 75,000 dollars allovved for making the road, the greater part will find its way into their hands, and say whether they are not interested.
I say nothing now of the certainty of securing to York and York county, the course of the commerce between Bal¬ timore and all the counties on the wa¬ ters of the Susquehanna ; whenever the turnpike is extended to the Conewago can-al, the whole trade of that river, must of necessity fall into this channel, and the immense produce of one fourth part of the state, wiU find its way to market through the town of York. In a word the whole may be comprised in saying, that a turnpike road from York to Bahimore would as to every substan¬ tial advantage bring us from twenty-five to thirty miles nearer to the latter place than we are at present, and a turnpike from York to the Canevvago canal would bring us into the very neigh¬ bourhood of, and open a vent for our manufactures, storegoods, &c. to Cum¬ berland, Northumberland, MilHin, Huntingdon, Centre, Bedford; and o- ther rich counties, with most of which we have no more intercourse at present, than if they were situated in the pacific ocean.
But the stockholder, besides partak¬ ing in common with others, the advan¬ tages and benefits already aUuded to, will receive a certain profit on the mo¬ ney he subscribes or the stock he holds. If on experiment the tolls as fixed in the law itself are found to produce less than six per cent they may be raised by the company until they produce that sum clear, and it cannot be denied that turnpike stock is one of the safest funds that money can be put into. The di¬ vidends also are made quarterly, or half yearly, and the stockholder meets with no difficulty or delay in drawing his di¬ vidend whenever it is due*
But it is also a fund where the profits wiU always be encreasing, as the popu¬ lation ofthe countn,' encreases, and I do not beUeve that there is a turnpike road in Pennsylvania, which wiU yield a better, or even so good a profit as would be produced by such a road from the canal to Baltimore. Not only all the grain, pork, flour, whiskey. Sec. of those counties on die Susquehannah, would pass along the road, but likewise vast quantities of lumber, boards, scantling, &c. and all the groceries and other goods necessary to supply a large «xtent of country. In a word, the whole river trade to and from market, will pay tri¬ bute to the holder of this stock, for on this route it must go, nor is it possible for any human force to give it any o- ther direction, which will be so advan¬ tageous. Therefore, in whatever light the subject can be fairly viewed, it holds forth great encouragement to the in¬ habitants of York county, to have it accompUshed,
LATEST
Foreign Intelligence
AFemel, Feb. 16. (Extract of letters)
" After the batde of PuUusk, where we kep:our ground, thc French suffer¬ ed every where, 'til driven nearly to the borders ofthe Vistula, when they found themselves In so difficult a situation, that they would have been obliged to retreat, had the corps of Bennigsen and Lestoco beeu strong enough to have co¬ vered the whole ground. The F'rench manoeuvring their army most adroitly, marched on in the r«ar of the Russians and Prussians towards Konigsberg, and ^ reached Heilsberg.
" General's Bennigsen and Lestoco' here gained the greatest credit by their expert manoeuvres ; they effected a junction of their corps, and took an ad¬ vanced position at Eylau, before the French were aware ofit. General Les toco's corps formed the right wing, whose army occupied an excLileiit po¬ sition on a ridge of mountains, the front towards Elau.
"On the 7th, the firing of the light troops began, by which nothing waa gained, and the iiiglit was passed under arms. On the 8th, in tne morning, the French began by a ht^avy cannonade, StiU, hov/evcr, delaying the attack* Ge¬ neral Bennigsen remained firm In his position. At one o'clock the first at¬ tack was made on the right whig, from whence Gen. Lestoco had marched ; and as the French attacked with their whole force, so the whole was repulsed. Nothing scarcely was to be seen but Horses, from which the riders had been cut down. The horse grenadiers of Bo¬ naparte advanced at a steady pace be¬ tween the Russian columns, unperceiv- ed for some time, owing to the smoke ; they were, however, recognized be* tween a regiment ofhussars and a regi¬ ment of dragoons, and were charged by them with the greatest fury. 'Ihis was exactly what the grenadiers wished ; they intended to turn about and fall back, in hopes of being pursued by the Russian cavalry, in disorder, thereby affording an opportunity for the whole of the F'rench cavalry to charge them ; for which pui-pose they were already moving down the h:U. Gen. Bennig¬ sen not suffering a single regiment to break the line, the French cavalry turn¬ ed about again, except the grenadiers, who literally, were cut to pieces ; not a single man escaped. The attacks lasted tlU three o'clock, and ten eagles, and seven stand of colors, were bro't to Ben ' nigsen. The French, aware ofthe weakness of the left wing, directed their whole force there. Lestoco, re-appetu* cd. He pushed on with his small force which were Lithuanians, in a very gal¬ lant manner, and repulsed all that op-" posed him. He had already been en¬ gaged with Bemadotte's corps, in the rear ofthe Russian army, through which . he cut his way, and decided the fate of the battle. Bennigsen afterwards re¬ treated with his army to this place, in order not to lo»e the fruits ofhis victo¬ ry ; and has taken up a position at Kon igsberg, to furnish himself with a fresh supply of ammunition, and havti care taken of the sick. The French undef Bonaparte, were 90,000 strong; the ' Russians and Prussians only 70,000 ;' since that time, a reinforcement of 30 pulks of Cossacks, and 50,000 men, the corps of Gen. £ssen have joined them; The French arc sdll pursued. Worn out with sickness and fatigue, they aro confined to a tract of ground twice wasted already by the Russian & IVcH armies, and where it is likely they wUh wholly, be destroyed. Bohaparte sent his -Jiost cunning negociator. Gen. Ber- irardj to th« Kin^ of Prii8»i», To d^