Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery

The aim of this surgery is to correct a large variety of defects, injury and diseases present in face, head, hard and soft tissues, jaws, oral and maxillofacial region and the neck. People opt for this surgery who suffering from different conditions such as facial pain, misaligned jaws and wisdom teeth.

Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery is a surgical specialty which involves the diagnosis, surgery and adjunctive treatment of diseases, injuries and defects involving both the functional and aesthetic aspects of the hard and soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial region.

Oral Maxillofacial surgery Treatments

It involves the treatment of injuries of mouth, teeth, face and jaws which has been caused due to trauma. Maxillofacial and oral surgeons treat the conditions of fractures of lower and upper jaws and orbits, cosmetic managements of facial lacerations and the trauma.

The surgical correction is done of facial and oral deformities. These are the result of congenital deformities like palate and cleft which is caused when one or all portions of the oral nasal cavity does not grow together in fetal development and when there is a difference between the skeletal growth of lower and upper jaws.

To address soft and hard tissue injuries of the lower or upper jaws, reconstructive surgery is used. These injuries could be the result the of trauma or injury, long-term denture wear or tumor surgery.

The surgeons perform the cosmetic facial procedures specifically on an outpatient basis under IV sedation or local anesthesia.

The procedure of dental implant is used to replace one tooth, numerous teeth or the whole mouthful of teeth. The dental implants are more comfortable and long-lasting than the conventional dentures.

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Sinus Lift - Sinus lift (sinus augmentation) is a surgery that adds bone in the upper jaw area of premolars and molars. The bone is added between the maxillary sinuses and the jaw that can be on either side of the nose. For making space to add the bone, the sinus membrane is lifted.

Bone Grafting - Both minor and major bone grafting surgeries are performed. The procedure of bone grafting can restore the implant sites having poor bone structure which could be a result of the previous gum disease, injuries or extractions. The bone could be either the patient’s bone taken from the hip or jaw or could also be taken from a tissue bank. To change the bone in the posterior upper jaw, sinus bone graft technique is used. The process of guided tissue generation or guided bone generation is done to persuade more bone generation by dissolving the special membranes under the gum and thereby protecting the bone graft.

Dental Implants - Dental implants replace the teeth which function like normal and natural teeth by preserving the facial contours. The facial structure can be effectively preserved and prevents the deterioration of bones when several teeth are missing. The small implants are made up of small titanium posts and is then put inside the patient’s jawbone where the teeth are missing. The implants are tooth root substitutes and these are positioned inside the jawbone. The titanium and the bone combine together and acts as a stronghold for the new artificial teeth.

Jaw Surgery (Orthognathic Surgery) - The surgery involves the movement of the jaws into a normal and perfect position. The orthodontics aims at straightening the teeth and the corrective jaw surgery aims at relocating the misaligned jaws. These processes drastically improve the facial appearance and makes sure that the teeth is working properly

The different problems should be evaluated-

Open bite

Breathing issues

Problem with biting, chewing and swallowing

TMJ pain or chronic jaw

Protruding jaw

Speech Problems

Wisdom Teeth Removal - An adult has 32 teeth (16 on top and 16 on bottom). But an average mouth has 28 teeth and it becomes difficult to fit 32 teeth inside the mouth which can hold only 28 teeth. Wisdom teeth (third molars) are the other four teeth. It becomes necessary to extract the wisdom teeth when they are prohibited from correctly erupting inside the mouth. This impacted teeth tend to take many positions in order to find a way that can allow the impacted teeth to erupt properly. Many problems can arise due to the poor position of impacted teeth. When the impacted teeth is not fully erupted, then the bacteria grow leading to an infection and will result in pain, illness and stiffness. Serious problems of tumor or cysts can also occur which can eventually destroy the healthy teeth and the jawbone.

TMJ Disorders (Temporomandibular Joint Disorder) - The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a common cause of facial pain and headache. Located where the lower jaw and skull meet, the TMJ is a ball and socket joint that allows the lower jaw (mandible) to move and function. Symptoms of TMJ disorders may include earaches, headaches and a limited range of jaw movement. Patients may also complain of clicking or grating sounds in the joint, or pain when opening or closing their mouths. Some patients experience a combination of muscle and joint problems. Causes of TMJ disorders include osteoarthritis, cartilage displacement or injury, rheumatoid arthritis, or stress.

Cleft Lip and Palate - Both cleft lip and palate occurs during the process of early pregnancy when the different areas of the face have developed separately and are not joined properly. The cleft lip surgery is done when the child is ten weeks old. The surgery focuses on closing the separation, giving a normal shape to the mouth and also restoring the muscle function. While a cleft palate surgery is done at 7 to 18 months old child depending upon the child’s individual situation.

Cosmetic Jawline Surgery - Facial cosmetic surgery is considered as the choice solution for the correction of physical deformities resulting from aging, injury, disease and birth defects. The cosmetic jaw surgery procedures include treatment of upper jaw (Maxillary Osteotomy) and lower jaw (Mandibular Osteotomy). It also includes Apertognathia, also known as jaw joint surgery, wherein the oval shaped gap between the upper and lower front teeth is filled.

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