Carlton Lewis Riley

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How we view the costs of future climate change, and more importantly how we quantify them, may soon be changing. A much-anticipated new report, just released by the National Academy of Sciences, recommends major updates to a federal metric known as the “social cost of carbon” — and its suggestions …

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - U.S. President-elect Donald Trump’s nominee for secretary of state has set a course for a potentially serious confrontation with Beijing, saying China should be denied access to islands it has built in the contested South China Sea.<p>In comments expected to enrage Beijing, Rex …

When it comes to sentence structure, Rocky, a sea lion, was a stickler.<p>"It really mattered to her, what's going to be the direct and indirect object," says Kathy Streeter, an animal trainer.<p>For Sierra, it isn't the grammar that interests her. It's the vocalizations. This California sea lion loves …

Easy to understand, supremely difficult to prove.<p>Mathematics can get pretty complicated. Fortunately, not all math problems need to be inscrutable. Here are five current problems in the field of mathematics that anyone can understand, but nobody has been able to solve.

When it comes to communication, we all tend to think we’re pretty good at it. Truth is, even those of us who are good communicators aren’t nearly as good as we think we are. This overestimation of our ability to communicate is magnified when interacting with people we know well.<p>Researchers at the …

Scientists have long talked about black silicon (that is, silicon with nano-sized structures) having the potential to trump conventional solar power, and there's now some proof that this is happening. Aalto University researchers have developed black silicon solar cells that achieve a record 22.1 …

Scientists describe ‘cultural loss of unprecedented magnitude’ as global atlas reveals extent of light pollution in the world’s skies<p>It has inspired astronomers, artists, musicians and poets but the Milky Way could become a distant memory for much of humanity, a new global atlas of light pollution …

As we go about our daily lives, we tend to assume that our perceptions — sights, sounds, textures, tastes — are an accurate portrayal of the real world. Sure, when we stop and think about it — or when we find ourselves fooled by a perceptual illusion — we realize with a jolt that what we perceive …

Femtosecond lasers offer a peek into a whole new quasiworld.<p>There are particles in nature that aren't quite particles but are nonetheless real and behave in ways that relate to the that we all know and love. These are the <i>quasiparticles</i>, which we can understand as different sorts of collective …

The reasons have nothing to do with zombies<p>A trial to see if it is possible to regenerate the brains of patients who have been declared clinically dead has been approved. Reanima Advanced Biosciences aims to use stem cells, injections of peptides, and nerve stimulation to reverse “brain death as …

If you looked out at the Sun across the 93 million miles of space that separate our world from our nearest star, the light you’re seeing isn’t from the Sun as it is right now, but rather as it was some 8 minutes and 20 seconds ago. This is because as fast as light is — moving at the speed of light …

It took less than 24 hours for Twitter to corrupt an innocent AI chatbot. Yesterday, Microsoft unveiled Tay — a Twitter bot that the company described as an experiment in "conversational understanding." The more you chat with Tay, said Microsoft, the smarter it gets, learning to engage people …

When it comes to the fundamental laws of nature, we can break everything down into four forces that are at the core of everything in the Universe:<p>The <b>strong nuclear force</b>: the force responsible for holding atomic nuclei and individual protons and neutrons together.<br>• The <b>electromagnetic force</b>: the force …

Beyond solids, liquids, and gases.<p>Physicists from the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory have discovered a new state of water that cannot be explained as a solid, liquid, or gas. It is a peculiar, and like exceedingly common, "other" state that water molecules are forced to exist …

This past fall, the world of physics celebrated the 100th anniversary of Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, which forms the foundation of our modern understanding of the force of gravity. Einstein's creation has been the ultimate antidote to a blasé, seen-it-all attitude that sometimes …