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Weekly Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1841), 1847-12-08

Weekly Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1841), 1847-12-08 page 1

WEEKLY OHIO STATE VOLUME XXXVIII. COLUMBUS, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1847. NUMBER 14. S0T K'HMSHKU KVKHY T.DNF.SDAY MOItMNU, BY WILLIAM B. TIIKALL. Office in the Juurnnl Building, south-east corner of High street and sugar alley. T K RMS: Tiirkk Dot, i, us pkr annum, which mnv bo discharged by the payment of Twu IJoi.i.aii in advance, and free of postage., or ot per centage to Agents or Collectors. The Journal it aIko published Daily and Tri-Weckly ilu rii.g the year; Daily, per uiiuuin, 7 ; Tri-Wuckly, tj't. TUESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 30, 81T. Italy. Tho Progress or Freedom After the full of Napoleon and the overthrow of. the comparatively free government which he instituted upon the Italian peninsula, the states of that distracted country fell entirely under the influence of the Austrian government, and were governed by the line of policy which had been marked out by the Congress of Soverigns a puliry especially intended to deaden all the aspirations of the people for freedom and i in provement, and to keep them in a Mate of mental darkness which should render them easy subjects to the yoke of despotism. In this semi-barbarian condition the Roman States remained from th:it day until 1846. None of the advancements of the age, whether in governmental policy or mental and moral improvement, were suffered to reach the benighted decendants of the old 11 jiria.ua ; old oppressions and old super-stitinns were confirmed by the lluler of the Papal See, Gregory XVI ; poverty and degradation marked the people, and unbridled licentiousness and depravity prevailed among the supporters of this despotism, from the Popu down, through all the grades of public officers and religious ordeis. Political opinions, obnoxious to tho despotic ruler and to his advisers of Austria, were suppressed by Ihe infliction, upon those who held them, of death, imprisonment, or banishment; and twenty-two millions of people, as susceptible of iui-provement as any nation on the face of the earth, were trodden down and degraded at the footstool of power. The Italians have not the spirit to suffer patiently and unresistingly accumulated wrongs of such magnitude; and, consequently, frequent revolutions hive been alte.iipted, but nil have resulted only in binding closer the chains of their bondage. Thus, in that laud which one of our bards has truthfully denom. ill ate d " Tlte seal of buauty anil tho shrine of mirth," ruin and slavery, misery and crime, were the predominant features. But amid all this, "a better day was coming." Pope Gregory XV I., the very embodiment of the spirit which ruled benighted Europe in the dark nges, died. On the 11 III day of June, IHW, a conclave of Cardinals met in Route tu elect a successor. Fortunately for the oppressed Italians, and equally fortunate lor the cause of freedom in the Old World, the choice fi-II upon Giambalista de Mastai Kerretli j who, on tho'Jlsl day of June, was crowned in the Vatican as l'ope Pius IX. At the time of his selection to fill the vacant seat at St. Peter's, he was the Bishop of Linda ; and his disposition and opinions were almost entirrly unknown to the anxious and hoping millions whose destinies he would control for good or evil, But the tools of Austria, and those who would have kept the Italian people in the darkness of ignorance, felt so confident of ruling the new Pontiff, that they indulged in public rejoicings and festivities. They had mistaken the man. From the moment that he nssumed the regal powers of his government, and had looked abroad over the laud, he cieteriuined that, so fur as he possessed the power, a new order of things should pro-vail : that freedom should take the place of despotism that knowledge should drive out ignorance industry and plenty rule where poverty and crime held their high court ; in short, that the lights of the nineteenth century should dissipate the darkness and misery of the feudal ages. To show what he had to contend against, it is sufficient to say that all the public ollices were filled by corrupt ami corrupting touts of the despotism of Austria that all tho founts of public jus tice were perverted, and the engines of the courts, wielded to further wrong and oppression that evi-n the Inly institution of religion was made to pander to the lust and gross sensualities of those who had for years held the people in bondage. Without an encourag ing word from one of the powerful of the land, Pope Pms, alone and unaided, determined to throw himself into the arms of his 'oi.V, and with their assistance, work out the reforms w hich were necessary tu free the down trodden Italians. The first steps which he look in his career of reformation were for the suppression of the secret tribu nals, which had been instituted for the condemnation of political offenders. Tin done, he set apart a day for public audience, when all classes of community were permitted to state their grievances, with some assurance of redress. He appointed a commission for the construction of railroads and other public improvements. On the Kith of July, he declared a general amnesty for political offences thus calling home from exile some of the best spirits of Italy, and opening the prison doors to others who had not beu so fortunate at to escape from the hands of the oppressors. On the 'Jlth of August, the magistrates of the differ-cnt departments were assembled together to devise plans for the instruction of the p mr and for the suppression of idleness. The terrible secret police, which hid been a powerful iiiitrumetit in the hands of P me Gregory and his followers for tho oppression of the people, was disbanded, and governmental reforms and ! new IIISIIIUIIOIIS lr icglil.lliuil ClianiiJiini, uuk uem: bodies were restrained from the passage of nny law liiving for its object the punishment of any person for political opinions. He publicly gave encouragement to tho advancement of the sciences, md threw open the library ot the Vatican for the use ol the students. Other steps were taken for the advancement of public instruction free schools, for the education ami support of the children ol the poor, were opened, and night schools encouraged for the education of the parents. To all these institutions the Pope, not satisfied with giving the in the countenance of government, contributed largely out of his private menus. Public heggmg has been suppressed, and numerous asylums ouened for the necessitous. Under the influence of these liberal movement, (lie public mind has hi stimulated reading rooms have been opened anil clubs formed associations for mutual aid and improvement established tho press, the great engine of freedom, set actively to work, throwing out newspapers, maga- unei and books, in which the utmost freedom of thought prevail; and tho learned have turned their attention to cultivating the public mind through the popular journals. One of these journals is devoted entirely to the discussions of plans for free schools, for the building up of manufactories, for tho opening of rulroads, and for general social and political reforms All these reformations have been accomplished in one brief year; and under the energetic rule of Pope Pins, if he is spared, they are destined to place the Roman States once more high in the rank of nations. The influence of these movements was felt, almost Immediately, throughout tho whole Peninsula of its- an open warfare, it will draw into the conllict all the powers of the Peninsula, and shake to the center the overgrown sovereignties of Europe. It will show the People their power, and make them yet more urgent for the rights which have long been withheld from them That the inhabitants of this country, who hive long felt the benefits of free institutions, should sympathise warmly in these efforts at advancement, is quite natural; and that they are being made among a people long cast down, and long deprived of the rights which give dignity to man, renders the efforts more worthy the ardent good wishes of Republicans all over the world. A movement has been made in the eastern cities to give public expression to the spirit which pervades community upon the subject. A call appears in the columns of the New York journals, for a public meeting, signed by tho mayor, several ex-mayors, ex-Gov. IJouck, Judge Belts, the editorial corps of the city, and upwards of five hundred others, without distinction of party. 07 Messrs. Collier utid Porter have disposed of the Carroll Free Frets in Messrs. B. W.& P. C. Johnson. Under the control of Mr. Porter, during the last year, the tree PreHs his been conducted in a very dignifi ed and able manner; and we regret tn lose him from the corps editorial. Our best wishes go with the retiring publishers. The Whigs of Carroll will sea that the Messrs. Juhnsoiis receive an encouraging sup. Prt' ' inrThe intelligent Locofoco Washington correspon dent of the New York Journal of Commerce, under dale of the Irith, says that the administration is confidently looking for a treaty of peace with Mexico, which will grant to (his governmental) " indemnity for the past." the states of New Leon, Coahuila, and Chihuahua, or a part of the latter, in addition to tho cession of California, &c. Tliis large extent of Country, it is supposed by Mr. Polk, will indemnify us for all the xpenses o the war. 1 hen, as " security fur the fa tare," this treaty proposes to pay to Mmico fortius ter ritory, a large compensation in money ! Mire, this correspondent says, tiian Mr 'Prist offered during the first negotiations. A large National Debt for Territo ry we do not want ! IOThe Mexicans at Chihuahua got up an insur rection, according to the late it dates from there, and forced Ihe Americans tn fly in save their lives. These are the citizens that Mr. Polk would "annexed" requiring a standing army to kerp them quiet. HjT The rumored flight of Santa Anna turns out to be faise. As late as the $ilh of Oct. he was making preparations to defend himself nguitibt the charges of his enemies. He was then dserled by all hispid friends except Gen. Stuboli and a small force of cav alry. H7 Telegraphic despatches stale (hat the city of Atlisco in Mexico, was totally destroyed by an earth quake on the VMd of October not a house left stand ing. A large portion of tho inhabitants were buried in Hie ruins. A Falsehood Exposed Anew. The editor of the .Vationnl tutelligi rrr, who is al ways ready for Ihe misstatement of the t'niiin, in a brief article fallowing, knocks over anew the Locofo-ro falsehood that the rejection of Mr. Slidell as Minister to Mexico was known nt Washington previous to the issuing of the order to Gen. Taylor to leave Corpus Christi and march upon the Rio Grande. No Locofoco can doubt the authority quoted by the Intelligencer and tint authority, the Lilian itself, shows that on the Kith of February, ttrtnty-eight days aitkh the (I alt if thtordtr tn (icn. 7.iyor,it was not known at Washington that Mr. Hlidell had been rejected. Not a word need lie added to make the case a clear one. The Intelligencer says : The " Union," speaking of the Speech, nf w Inch it had seen the rep rt, characterize the following us "a gross and unfortunate error :" " But instead of this pacific and moderate course, whilst Mr. Slidell was wending Ins way to Mexico, Willi Ins diplomatic credentials, General Taylor was ordered to tran-qi'irt Ins cannon, and to plant them, in a warlike attitude, opposite to M itamoros, on Ihe east bank of the Rio iliavo, within the veiy disputed territory the adjustment of which wag to be the object of Mr. Slidcll's mission." But the error is mi the pirt of the " Union," and not of Mr. Clay. Mr. Slidell must have been considered as on his way to M.-xu:o irith hit diptomiitic err-druti'tls, so long us il was uncertain whether or not he would be received by Mexico in Ins diplomatic capacity. The order to General Taylor to transplant his coiiiuniid to the Rio Grande wan given before any in formation was received here ol the result ot .Mr. Mi-dell application to lie so received. Without waiting for (lie decision of the M xiean Government on tho question of receiving Mr Slidell, trhtltt that question was depending, and the .Mexican liovcrnineril imploring for time that is to say, more than two months be Jure Mr. Slidell deiniiuhd hit pusspartt from Hie .Mex ican uovernmeiit lien. I aylor was ordered m marcii the army under his command to the Rio Grande, and siiiiullniieouslv a strong naval force was ordered to be assembled in the Gulf of Mexico. It was not until the loth of April, full three months uj'lir the order was issued lo Geo. Taylor, and twenty days after ho began his unreli, llnl it was known here (in tins city) that Mr Slidell had finally been ref used to he received. Nay, the file of Ihe Union" itself conclusively rxpo-.es itsairn blunder in this mailer. The order In Gen. Taylor was, as we have said, issued on ihe Lhh of January lit the Union of Fthrnnr't 111, the Editor informed his renders not only that Mr. Slidell had not been rejected, but tint" he had been received with much courtesy, ami welcomed in the society of the metropolis as an elegant and accomplished gentleman. Me hid not yel hem received by the Government ill an official capacity ; m:mii:n inu Tiir.r iii.ci.isi:i HIS HH r.l'TloN " Fru iik Hit Lyceum. J i: ti nr. Tnnti.t, : Your city readers are all probably advised of the existence of the Lyceum. It was instituted list winter st the suggestion of some of our best citileiis, and has answered the purposes of its creation admirably. Lectures were delivered upon various subjects, and a library was commenced. This winter a course of lectures is being delivered by Prof. M i hhii k, winch have, thus far, given the greatest satisfaction lo the members who hive attended. His lectures are rxm-cdiugly clear and instructive ; his style simple and interesting ; and his experiments very successful. My object, however, st this lime, is to call the attention of our allien, and especially of our young men, to a new arrangement which his been made by tho Lyceum. At tin Inst meeting a report was made and accepted, hy a committee appointed tu examine tho subject, advising the holding of riDi.tc it:ntTr.s upon Saturday evening of earh second week, whuh debates the public may all attend. Next Saturday evening was appointed as the time for nrgiiiinog this branch of ihe Lyceum. We hope that all who feel interested in tins movement will ho present on that evening, and give such assistance as will insure success. We will then havu another pleasant and improving mode of ipeudmg our winter evenings. A M KM III) It. For tho Olno State Journal Revnolhsbiiho, Nov. IH. 1847 Mu. EniToit : On the 30th of lust September. I had the pleasure of being present at an Exhibition of thu RcyiioUUhurg Academy. Tho performance of uie day would compare witti anything ot the kind 1 have ever witnessed. The music by Ihe Reyunldanurg nana was unusuulty gooa. une pari oi Hie periorm-nnce of the day particularly engaged my attention. It was a debate on the Mexican War. I have lately obtained a copy of the closing speech, which I send you for publication. It was delivered by a young man who has just commenced a course of Academical studies, aiidturely does honor to the heart and head of the speaker. SPECTATOR. Ff.Uaw t'itizrnt: The gentlemen have been labor, ing hard, lo furnish some pretext for the Mexican War, It )ot.n ai) iviih every offensive war, which has ever been watfed. Cnisar wrote his celebrated Commentaries, which arc in the hands of almost every schoolboy, to justify his murderous and wanton attack upon Gaul. The three allied powers published documents tu justify the division of Poland. Russia declared the boundary of Poland had never been settled. Prussia plead lawyear fashion, that the Poles could produce no lulu to their kingdom. Austria plead the Coronation oath as her claim. Now, what have we heard to justify the invasion of Mexico? i has been urged that during the Administration of Gen. Jackson and Martin Van Buret), I tie Mexicans committed acts of aggression upon our nation, by insulting our flag, plundering the property of ourcitizens, casting them into prison without any just cause Tliu argument amounts to this: during tin; Presidency of Jackson, a longtime n;r", our nation would have been justifiable in invading Mexico. This is a false deduction. The in nut. is not true. It is hardly fight to impugn motives, but the genllemen certainly know these former injuries were not the cause of (he war. The reason assigned by our government for the entering upon war, was tins, and this only : ".War exists by the act of Mexico" in invading our Territory and attacking our troops. Admitting for the sake of argument, that these injuries, received some ten or twelve years ago, are suilicieul cause for the present wai, our government never gave notice to, Mexico that she would wsge Huron thisaccoutit. But did wo not receive as great injuries fmui France as those received from Mexico ? fid we wage war with r'rtince? No! And would we now he jiiililiible in waging war aga i nut France lor ihe same injuries?! uy inn r wti our relations with that nation have changed. But our relations with .Mexico have chanyvd Site acknowledged our claim and thereby satisfied our national honor. She agreed to satisfy our demands and indemnify our loss. What more could any civil- ized nation ak But to return to the true cause of the War. The President sent our army to the banks of the Rio Grande, avowedly for tho purpose of repelling an invasion. On this act of aifL're smoii will hang Ihe true character of the war, and the merits of discussion Hut beforu coming tu (his mam poinl, it may be ne cessary lo remove an objection. Something has been said, concerning our Monster, Mr. Slidell not being eeived by Ihe Mexican Government. It has ben shown by my rneaMic, thai the annex ation ot lexas was an net of hi'itchkioii against Mex- ipo. It wan so considered by tlte t iovef linietlt mid people of Mctich Tins wai till well known lo our Government. The Mexican Minister immediately left Washington acroidnig to instruction. Still, however, Mexico was willing to extend the hand of peace to our nation. She even consented lo overlook, for the time, the annexation of Texas, and agreed to re ceive a coiniuiisioi)er to settle the disputed boundary between Her unit the newly ucquirt d p'ssesions. Ifut how did this great model Republic, represented by the gentlemen, ns so desirous uf peace, receive these friendly advances ? Our Government sent Mr. Slidell I not as commissioner according to (he custom of nations and the express desire of Mexico, not w llmg l hat her own honor should he degraded, hulas Minis, (er Plenipotentiary, totnntwiih her as though the friendly relations between the two countries had never been broken up. Peace could have been obtained, but peace was not the desire of theCommander-in-Chief of tho Umled States Army. Wo wanted lo impose on a Weak and powerless people, simply be-came they were weak, u Munst-r wlioin they could not inconsistence with national honor receive. Talk to us abul ptitriutitm? Talk to us nhmit Liberty! and insult Mexico, because she was unw iltnig to crourh down to high-hnmled Tyranny ! I, too, glory in patriotism, and 1 glory in it, when found m tho bosom of a tirarthij Mnitun. But the treatment of Mr. Slidell was not the real cause of tho war. The true cause, ns has already been said, w-n the marching of our army lo the hanks ..c ii... ii... :...i.. ii i i... i-..,.. i i... . , ... "i, . ' ii , 1 1 n year will U? a snog little sum lo nav for blowing out lr.., Tl,..y w.-,c- o II, , u-d U--.itrv, brlw.-.. i". "T"" l'r1?,"1', '' ""! U"c'l:", Unsure,-. an,l Ilu, Ki (ir.,,,,1,-. V h.U '.,'d,..ul.-U , " K "y ,"f We I. then hoiv r;ioie ..or urniv t.. lie no I h it ilonioted ' . . . . " "' " territory For what end did they march ihither ' Was 1 it lo promote the peaceful relations between the two , ....imlr...d 1 A,.,..,r.l..,,f l 1 1. I r. , . ..' t. . t ,iw llion.-t .. i . ,i n ii , i i i ' r n"n ''ir. war. This is not all ; they were sent upon Mr tint n ttrrituri according to the ileelaralion of Ihe President limi-ien in IKS reiennieu WUT llies.ta'je, no DiieiiuH to prove that all the lands lying between the Nueces I The Cost ot tho Mexican Vux When we reflect that inttrcst is the Drevailinrf mo. tive which in tlue rices the great mass of mankind, we arc surprised that any one can he found willing to favor the further prosecution of the Mexican war. The annexation of territory would not enhance the national wealth, and the trouble and expense of holding it would more thun counterbalance any of its probable bene lils in it pecuniary point of view, to say nothing ol the loss of national reputation in acquiring territo. ry in an unjust and freeboottng war. The President, m the treaty proposed to the Mexican Government recently by Mr. 'Prist, asked Texas to the RioGamde, New Mexico, and the greater part of Upper and Low-er California, for which he was willing to give twentv millions of dollars, without claiming any indemnity for Ihe expenses of the war Suppose he had acquired Ihe territory demanded, counting the expenses of the war, it would have cost us not a cent less than 9l$,tnm,iliw, together with the vast waste of life in war necessary to obtain it. Who believes that this would have been an advantageous bargain for the United Stales ? Certainly no sane man ; especially when it is recollected that we cannot add an inch of Mexican territory to the Union without n fearful civil strife on the question of slavery. But it is now rendered almost certain, that, after all our expenditures of money und sacrifice of life in a disgraceful and unnecessary war, no indemnity in luml will he secured. The war must end without the cmuiirst ot a rood of Mexican territory ; and whatever acquisitions we may obtain will, if acquired at all, be the result of purr fin.its in afrtindtij w gutitttian. Congress may possibly ho willing lo purchase the Bay of San Francisco, and possibly extend the territory of Texas lo (he Rio Grande, It is our deliberate opinion, in view of tho probable action of the next Congress, tiut thit it the must even by way of ( -uinproinitc Ihe United States wi)l ultimately acquire. Mr. Polk might at any lime before he commenced the war, havo purchased this territory for ten millions id' dollars, and thus have avoided all the calamities of a two year's conflict, He Htrir tnijuital turh a inraturt ; and he is, therefore, morally responsible for the probable inglorious termi. nation of the war. It was begun in villainy and usurpation, und iis authors will reap for themselves not lung bill the scorn and couteiiiot of their country men. But, h id as our bargain may be a bargain forced on the people without their consent, and, in Ihe lirsi instance, without the consent of Congress, the lrur must hr wilt fur ; und it is well to nscertnui the amount, so (hal we may be prepared for the demands id' the tax-gatherer. The Louisville Journal has already estimated the burthen winch the expenses of (he war will iiupnse on Kentucky; and from it.i data, a good idea may be obtained of what will be Ohio's share: "Kentucky has lull a nullum of citizens about ' thirty tilth o(' all in the Union but Kt ntueky, being inui'h richer than the average of the Htnles in prop irtioti to population, owns about one twentieth nf the property. She is therefore compelled to bear unit twentieth id' the burdens of ihe war. What are they i I. Interest on the public debt, which would amount lo Iii,ijd(i,I(jii, if peace were made (o-iuorrow jglG.OOOOOO 'i. Animal instalments rcqui'cd (o pay the public debt in twenty year ,,IMH 1,1 Hit) ;l. Increase of the army and navy resulting fr the war f,niin,nni I. Now pension hst (i,Miiii,(i(ii) one. twentieth of which the share of Keiilncl, y is one million one hundred thousand dollars per annum." Here is another c lrarl : The share of Kentucky in the annual burdens of the war is $1,lM,nOU In Ihe ordinary peace expenditure of the Federal Government, which is jy'Jo.tltJII,-IHMI, Kentucky's share is ,2o'),00fl Her own Slate Government expense is, say " IIlHI.ilOO Annually ',!,. i."u,nmi To pay thu would require the labor of more than one sixth of the freemen v( Kentucky, or one-sixth of llii' time of all her men. The taxation of Great Brilinn is nine dollars per head per annum ; that of Kentucky becomes nt once by tins war more than five. If the war will impose a lax of jfc'it.",.",0.()00 nn Ken-lucky, il may bo safely assumed, that Ohio, with more than double her wealth nod p ipul ition, will have to : pay at least 5,lllli),llli:i, There i no escape; Ihe moti-j ey must be paid either directly or indiieelly ; ami we ; rejoice that the L'loofoeos will be compelled to bear their due proportion of an expense, w hich in justice ought to fill exeluaively on their own colters. Let us . he ir no more, then, of Wing tnr ttnrt to rob the in-1 dustrious farmer when the bill of tins " jrlorhut Mex- Ii u-ia .r... l i. .r t -..! il.-ii !.. ' " u" presented or payment, r ive miflioi is the legitimate fruit of l.iief,irt mtis in favor of the ineii whose policy is yel destined to utlliet the country Willi the mo! intolerable pecuniary burdens. l.tbw Whit; Stntc Convention, We observe in several papers a desire expressed lb it the Stale Convention be held at an earlier day thin Ihtt heretofore selected. Anioinr the reasons and Ihe Rto Grande In-longed to the United Slates, urged, il is objected tint the Lejri-j ituru will have od-by (he annexation of Texas. Yel, in the sai loco- j oirned prior to the tttd of Fel.ruary, and the roads ucing always extremely mnuriy at ttiat season ol the The Si tvmot.m.itft in the United States number about y.VUHHL in s n oiilatmn of about 1.111)0.1)00. and ly ; and the subjects of other Princes are demanding ' this quaiter of a million, or raihcr some few of tho a like amelioration oflhoir condition. In some o these win.ie numner, (loraii nre not so unreasonable,) threat-frovernmenta.the pressure Ins been so strong, that the f"t dissolve the Union, if Congress and the great i i i ii i . r n ... ... . ... ii... o,,l'V u the people declare that no more Slave territo- rule,, have, linn o,Hll lo Clluw m t infuum tho , . . (he iree Mates nngiit smile at Una with complacency, example ol the Pope The Duke uf Tuscany haa been forced by his subjects to grant them ft liberal Constitution, anil tu aland by the Roman States in their contest with Austria. The King of Sardinia has granted a free press the first step to free institutions and sympathises in all the movements of the Pope. In Lucca and Parma, and in Sicily and Calabria, the people are moving actively in the cause of freedom in Naples the contest haa begun, and the spirit is spreading and pervading all the belter classes of society in the Itvlian Slates. These reforms have not been effected without a strenuous and continued opposition. Every means have been resorted to, to intimidate the Pope ; and (he emissaries of despotism, sent out by Austria, have even made efforts to tako the life of the Pontiff, despairing of slopping his carreer by any other means. Conspiracies and revolts have been planned, and paid for with Austrian gold, and headed by the instruments of Austrian intrigue. All these failing, the Roman States have been invaded by an armed force, and the the city of Ferrara taken possession of. This last art has aroused the national spirit of the Italians, and thousands have armed themselves to resist by force the invaaion of their rights. The Pope will not quietly submit to this insult, unless reparation be made in some substantial manner; and Austria has gono too far to drawback with dignity. Should this result in were it not trial tins body ot men are uacked hy many u Northern men with Southern principles, or Northern " Doughfaces," who nre but the hewers of wood and drawers of water lo their Southern masters. New York set her mark upon this class of men at the recent election. So dtd Ohio and Massachm 'U, sod we trust the sequel will show that neither the quarter of a million nor ihrir allies ore to rule the country, Vittthurgh (Jni, PrtTiu im tiik Hospital at Pi:hotk Frightful Mortality. We had frequent mention by letters and otherwise, from Perote, of the alarming mortality among the troops at that post, but were unprepared for the long list of deaths occurring during the live months commencing nn the first o June and closing on the 1st nf Deccinltcr, in the general hospital at Perote Castle, which wu find in Ihe New Orleans Delta of the IHth instant. They comprise IM deaths, the day, date, and disense of each being given in (he lisl, most of whom died of diarrhu'i, dysentery, nr in termittent fever. The number shows (he deaths to havo averaged from three to four per day. Nearly two thirds of the whole list were attached to the Pennsylvania Regiments. Tiik Wan Of Ihe multitude of clergymen in the city and neighborhood, who preached on Thanksgiving day, we are told that every one who spoke of the war heartily condemned it as unchristian and unnatural. A fact like llus from the Pulpit tu the People, i needs no Quiuuiunt.i'itfi&ijrjf Uaittte. incut, he mikes it known that th it part on which our army inarched was Mexican soil. To use his own words, " Hy rapid movements, the nrovince of New Mexico, with Si nil Fe its capital, has been raptured without bloodshed " Whit! Capture without blood-hind provinces of (he United States! Sure I In pro vince o .ew .Mexico is on tins side ol the 11 io Oramle, and forms part of ihe disputed territory. So IoimMIicii as lh.it Presidential mesMge is among th1' puolic records of our nalem, so long will it be itself trump- el-lonjiled witness, lestiGmg to the injustice ni (he war, uivaniveu its character from the beginning of its existence. Texas held jurisdiction ns fir as Corpus Chrisli and no farther not wit Jim one hundred and thirty miles of the Rio Grande ! Twice at leusl, were the Texans defi-itted, driven biek from that country by its inhabitants, Mr mean ciliictH. And -.vhat is a matter of ficl, since the cniuuiciifeiueiit of the war, when the consli tilted authorities of Texas wished to extend tln-ir jurisdiction over Ihe territory eliimed hy tin' Presi dent as theirs, they were prohibiten oy the li mates Quarter M ister, Mr. p,itiat)d,ou the ground that it is fiiuitirrcd territory, held by mitibint juritdirtion of Ihe Uu. ted Slates With ill these fa-U stinug n in the lace, w ho will hazard his repu'. ltion (or cmuaioi si-use, by i)iug this ttisputid trmtorij teat nut dnputtd ttr-ritory.Not control then with entering on disputed territory not content with driving Mexican cituctts from their homes not content with marching clear to the banks of the Rio Grande our army must plant their deep m.uithej cannon oppoiie M ilamurus, threatening de-trin-iioti to the defeticelens city They must blockade the river, (he free navigation of which, even admitting tint all the lauds between us and it were ours, according to the laws of nations, slnoild not be restricted on (he part of the I niled Slates. Hut all this was done before it wis proclaimed in pitiable (ones, " American blood has been shed on American sod." Thus, at last, niter frequent and untiring efforts, (he American army got a pretext to invade Mexico, and carry on the meditated syptem of conques'. Why then raise the hue and cry lint the Mexicans invaded our territory.' Inl they do so.' evtr ! Tliey resisted our invasion of thtir trrritary .' When the people of the Umled States resisted Great Brit nil. they called it patriotism. Is resistance any less patriotism in the Mexicans.' Oh, but then, we nre lighting for ptnrr ! F.dwnrd the 1st was fight mg for peace, when lie raised a powerful aimy, determined to render Scotland one val field of desolation. Is pence, at Ihe best, only to be obtained by nn ex'er-initiating war t Such is the peace ul blood thirsty tyrants ! "lirav I'lviiioutli Rock tutli yet a tongue, and Concord is not dumb i And voices from our fuller' (iraves and from the future coui" : Thcvcnll onus io stand our ground they charge us still to le Not onlv free from chains nurirlres, but fore most to miko free ! ,r What observer does not know Ihe renl design of this wanton invasion f Pence can be purchased from our 1 Government only by the surrender o Territory, It is emphatically a war of conquest for the acquisition : of Territory. And were it waged for aey other cause, I would ask Imw many hearts must be pierced by ! the ruthless soldiers bow much blood must he spilled what mourning, lamentation and woe, must be heard before our claims can be adjusted before " the sword shall have devoured enough, or the arrow become drunk With tho blood of the slain." Il requires no effort to show Ihe one grand design of the Mexican war on the ,mrl of our Government. No cause, no object, no desire can be formed else than ihe policy of ihe Government, the acquisition of Territory, mid that for the basest of purposes, tho extension of slavery. I bis we have from tho mouth o Senator Kenton, the very Ajax of slavery. Also from the month of J. C. Calhoun, a man who has ever prostituted the power of Ins mighty intellect to support that infamous system. tsiioll slavery tuns use a rancer eai nun mo very vitals of our national constitution shull we bo told that " Ihe preservation and perpetuation of slavery is the vital and animating spirit of the national Government i" Oh, had W ashington and the frame rs uf the Constitution known how the people uf America would pervert il into an instrument by means of which they could bend their whole energies to support slavery, and carry on wars for its perpetuation, they would nave rriecira msi same instrument. Who can think without horror, of tho misery and woo occasioned in tins tiuliotv cause,' I low many wives arc made widows. How many mothers ami year, maiiv will he kept away who are anxious to at tend. Il is recommeiled lhal an early day m January some name the first lw selected. We approve of the suggestion. nut thr si and dm nf .'-gArf Hundrrd and Fartij F.iht trilnrsj oar p-irtifumirn-mi-lid in Ohm. Let us begin the year onglii for if we mistake not the signs of the tune it wdl he a j;lri"OU one in (he history of the Republic. When the sun of iis first morning alnll ari.c, il will le-aui upon corrupt horde of party lenders, reveling in Ilu spoils of victory, and slcutiug insanely o'er the triumphs of War hill the declining rays of its last day will not have laded from the lull tops until Peace has smiled upon the land its Cotnliluliou nod laws been vindicated and its tyrants banished forever. Willi joy ntid wi(h confidence we shall had the advent of F.igli-teen Hundred and Forty Light. Lnan liaxttte. Li mi's Hi. iioiimtmi F.-nnrnitwriT. Mr. William Lemeii is literally sweeping lie lloeks from a thousand hills," nt Ins extensive Slaughter llusu iienrlhe Columbus slreel Brnfre. Five hundred sheep per day nre kdied, cut up, boiled up, and tallow ren- Icrcd, (he pells prepared lor market, and the hams trimmed for pickling. The process is rapid ns ''skinning eels," nnd Mr. L. is serving l,tuiil so, nn contract. The sheep nre purchased in .Northern Ohm, at prices ranging from .i,ifO to $'.',ii) per head, accoid-ing to sue and fatness. Mr. Lemeii lias slaughtered a large number of Cattle and Hogs this season, nnd will continue the " bloody work" to order, lie his all the apporlcn-aiices nod convetiiencies for expeditiously transfer-i ii if anuiiils to harerls, mid Ins Brand us Inspector is known far and Wide to be " A No. I." CUrtiand Hrr. Our Correspondent--31r. Clay. Wo admit the communication of our correspondent ' Luijahogat although tho writer says some things therein that wc would not say, and some others as we would not say them. We admit it to our columns In cause wc know the writer to be an ardent Whig ; and because we believe he feels what he writes, and writes upon a topic of great and common interest to all Ihe people of the Stule. It is important that the Whigs uf the various portions of the State should fully know and understand the feeling of their political brethren in other sections ; and this can best be done by a free interchange of sentiments. We should r.ot feel ourselves warranted in saying, as does our correspondent, that " Mr. Clay is unques tionably desirous lo be again a candidate for the presi dency." We do not think such desire is fairly inferable, much less rendered unquestionable, by any thing he has snid, or done. That desire is imputed to hnri by his enemies, personal and political, to break the force of what he has said. We have great confidence in the sincerity of Mr. Clay's declaration, that for himself ho has no desire on the subject and will yield his consent tn the use of his name, only on tho consideration Ihut he shall bo urged to do so by the unmistakable expression of the wishes of a majority of his fellow citizens. Whether such an expression will be given, remains to be seen ; and whether it bo given or be withheld, should not in the least impair the force of the counsels which, at the urgent solicitation of gentlemen from various sections of the country, he has seen fit to impart upon great national questions which now n git ale the public mind. The age of Mr. Clay his experience in public affairs the position he has occupied in the country and Ins long and ardent devotion to her best interests, eminently qualify him , for forming correct opinions upon matters of public J interest; and the history of his past life should shield A,,,,,, a , ....,. . . 1 VVi:iM:si)AV EVENING, December 1, 1H4T. him from the imputation of being influenced in the formation and expression of his sentiments by any considerations personal to himself. i he commendations bestowed upon Ohio's distin guished Senator arc in the main well enough. Rut wu are sure, could that Senator's feelings have been consulted, he would desire nu praise, no commendation, nlthc expense of the fair fame or honorable bearing of Hkniiv Ci.av. We do not undertake to prescribe the termt in which tlione who may honor us with their correspondence shall express iheir views and sentiments ; and allude to those employed by our correspondent " I nuahtwa. only to say that insofar as they may be regarded as re- -ciuig in an unkind manner upon .Mr. Clay, tliey are nut such as we ourselves should employ. llelu Luthiiin. We are gratified to learn, as we do by a telegraphic despatch this morning from Cleveland, lhal our friend B. Latham, Lq , passed a comfortable ntght, and is pronounced decidedly better this morning. This will be welcome news to his numerous friends throughout the Slate. New Telegraph Line The poles for the telegraphic wires from Chillicothe to Columbus ore erected, and the wires will be furnished in a few days ; so that " (he aucent metropolis," w ul be put in instant communication with the Capi-itol a consummation much to be desired by business men and news-mongers. 3j" We ore reminded of ihe near approach of the session of the Legislature, by the arrival in town of several members elect. Gov. U i: n b is also in the city ; and every thing indicates a prompt application to business, on the part of the public agents. We shall pro. hamy hive a than session, and a busy one. I Ins is what the people desire, and what (hey have a right to expect. (lj"Tlie Fremont Trial is slowly progressing at Washington. There appears to be no prospect of a speedy termination. Nu new or interesting facts have been elided since our last notice; tho whole appears to have become an investigation of personal piques. HyThe young Whigs of Pittsburgh held a meeting on (health for the organization of the parly for the campaign of 1HH. A resolution was adopted, reconi- tiding lo the Whigs in Congress to call a National Convention on tho -Ith day of next July at Pittsburgh. Oppo tition was expressed to the acquisition of any territory as the result of the present war, and uncompromising hostility declared to tho extension of tho boundaries of Slavery. Qj We notice that Hviiuk Km Bocnsr, Esq., for merly of this Stale, and son of Col. James Kilbourne, Ins been nominated by the Locofocns of Milwaukie, ns a candidate for Delegate to tho Convention to frame a Constitution for Wisconsin. The Stnte Convention Candidate fur (.over norHenry Clny-Thomas Corwin Sla very VhfK Opinlous, Ac. Ci.kvei.akd, Nov. 2(i, 17. Mr. Eoitoh: It is a matter of some importance to those who are delegated by tho Whigs of the several counties to attend the Stnte Convention, to have it at a season the most convenient and comfortable. There are some objections lo holding the Convention in February next. The Legislature will not probably be in session ; and the roads will in all probability be so muddy as to be almost impassable. Our brethren of the Democratic party will tie in session for State purposes, on the ever memorable 8th of January ; (and that day belongs to us as much as to llmm,) and why not hold the Whig Convention on ll'nlnmdinj , the twelfth day of January f Can a more suitable time be fixed upon i Let the people ana the press sneak oul. nnd let Ihe day be fixed upon, and Ihe delegates ap pointed, anu lor one l siiouia lie ginu u every county in the Stnte would pans resolutions expressive of tho views of Ihe Wings upon the quest ons of Ihe War, Territory, Slavery. A'C. so that the Convention mny take a high and commanding position before the country, and sustain the most excellent address put forth by the Slate Central Committee Insl summer, and en dorsed by the Whigs at the ballot box, on Ihe 2d Tuesday of Inst October. The great questions which now agitate the people of this country must bo met by the people, and that too without any uodoino. And, if the Whigs would maintain their vnntiige ground, they must speak fur Freedom with a loud, determined and emphut'c voice. This I doubt not they win uo. Phe papers nnd their correspondents, I have noticed are naming divers gentlemen ns candidates for Governor. Now, 1 suppose, if the unconquerable andever-at-the-ballot-box Whigs of the Itestrte, can present one of their own number to tho W higs of the Slate as a candidate, who is 41 without spot or guile," who has long been known ns a sound and judicious h-gis. lator, and a steadfast W hig, that the Whigs of other portions of Ohio, will make no objections lo such a presentment, but will nominate (Jen. HKAIIURV FORD, nn tho Wing candidate. Gen. F. has been with us in v ictory and in defeat, and hit loch hat ntrer are, lie is too well known to the people to need The Editor of Ihe Ohio Stale Journal must have a care how he uses the term of " benighted," when speaking of this county, and graceh-ns sou,' when speaking of our neighbor. H creation's. Holmes county is considered the great lard lamp of Democracy, nnd he of the Farmer its tender, shedding its clear and refulgent rays nil over "kingdom come." We were tdd by a public declaimer on Ihe evening of Hie jollification over Polk's election, that the poor exile on the snow clad plains of Siberia knew nil ahmit Holmes county, so great and wide spread was the fnue it had gained by its steadfastness in (lie cause of Democracy. " Yea," said the speaker, rising on tiptoe, Ihe Angels of Heaven are (his night rejoicing with the l)e. inoeriey of H'duies county nver tins victory." We think the last idea rather far fetched, but still Holmes is a great county. I hi mi t County Whig. Mr. J. R Stafford of Cleveland, Ohio, is the invn. tor f a new process of trnrllinc moisture fnm ftrrnd- ttujVt, without changing their coloi, quahly or flavor, wlneli has elicited Ihe approbation of intelligent men nnd lo winch the Amcm-an Institute awarded a gold d il. The midline is a cylinder, armed with 11 niges. revolving m a trough, ami stenin is the healing ngent used. Ilu condensed sieaui is used tor feeding I ho boiler and Ihe hent is rcgulu'ed by a salety valve. e are mtoruu d thai corn meal dried by this press hns keen pronounced bv iiersons in this market accustomed to Ihe nrtiole, to be superior to any other which had come under their notice. Meal ground in Ohio, and dried in this way, we nre told, has been transported by lake anil canal bonis lo this city, detain- if here ns well ns on the route tor a lornr tune and then shipK'd for Liverpool, where it has commanded the highest market rates. I he Ue Is bear strong testimony to the utihtv of the invention, which we commend to the attention of nur oiiuuercial readers. .Wir l or CnuriVr 4 Fmjuirtr fathers mourn the loss nf sons. You ask lliein where nre they t They died in a foreign land they poured ill their hie s lilood on llie pim-lieri sands nt Mexico : or they were cut in pieces, ami their bleeding hearts still throbbing with lite, exhibited a speclahle to (he barbarous soldiery. The treasure (hat is spent is noth-imr, rompareil with Ihe havoc of human life. Oh, the shrieks nud ng'Uiies the rage nnd haired the wounds nnd curses of the hntile-tichls semi up to us a terri ble wnruing. Are we the friends of pence and of man we should put a stop to this impious, unjust nud murderous war. Ratiith Fooov The difference between the weather in tins country and F.ngland may he judged of from a fact winch we see staled in a London letter, written on the lid instant The writer says that thenhVe on-copied by him is called a figA' room; yet, he adds, " I am now writing, at Vi, noon, with two large can. dies, and can scarcely tee what 1 writs," Stutrurd's Dryer nud Cooler Wc yesterday quoted a paragraph relntivc to this in vention ; this morning the ngent of the invention called upon us, and left in our possession some pamphlets continuing letters from millers who have used the Dry- er, one of whom, Mr. Leonard, of Llyria, says it was never known to fail in accomplishing the object for which it is recommended the drying and cooling of Hour, meal and gram, for their preservation. If the invention is entirely successful, as has been said, we conceive it to be ol sutficieut importance to call the attention of our millers to it. The pamphlets can be hid by calling at this office. Tho agent, Mr. J. II. Bartlctf, will visit this city again, in the course of a few weeks ; in the menntime, should any of our mil li rs wuh further information in relation to the invention, they can obtain it by addressing the iuventor, Mr. J. R. Station), Cleveland. Lnto Arrival from .Mexico. Dates from Vera Crux, up to the Iditi Nov., bring information that the Mexican Deputies were gathering at the new scat of government, (ueretaro. The session was opened, and a tmjority of the de leg ties present voted in favor of llerera for President. San Luis voted for HioU Anna. Puna y Pena and Almonte were also candidates. It was rumored at Ojieretara that a plot had been discovered having for its object a division of Mexico with two great Slates to be annexed to the United States. Humbug. 'Phe Arm Irtt. a Vera Crux piper, says that the Mexican force now in the field numbers 30,000 effective men. The tram under Gen. Patterson, which left Vera Cruxsnme timesince, had reached the National Bridge without being molested by the guerrill.il. It is reported that a serious outbreak has occurred among thu Mexicans in the Slate of Jalisco. Tho authorities of Guadalaxira, tho capital uf that State, had made a requisition up in the clergy for money, which waa denied, and the authorities appealed loarui to force tho contribution, ijjveral billies had been fought, but the result was not known. Il is said that three of the Mexican States have de clared in favor of establishing a monarchy, and a son of Iturbide the Emperor of IHjl, has been selected to fill the throne. The report g.es on to say that any comiiiemla'ion. We doubt not that the " Miami tribe tho ".Mad river trappers and the .Muskingum and Scioto and Ohio river Whigs, nod the dwellers in the North Western territory, all, all will go fur Gen, r . wnen iney meet in convention. The speecli and the resolutions of Henry Clay have been published and read here The people do not discover that Mr. Clay hns taken any new positions, or that his resolutions occupy new ground, The truth is, Mr. Clay, at the tlermth hour, has fallen into the wake of that man of might, the true moral hern of our own State, THOMAS CORWIN. And to tho noble and eloquent wagon boy ol Ohio, belongs the credit and the honor of nrousing the people of this country lo a just sense of the injustice of llie "unnatural war" we nre now waging against Mexico. Thomas Corwin took the tend, und lo him, more limn to any other man, belongs the credit of speaking words of truth and soberness, and of standing up in Ins place in llie Senate chamber of his nation, (he rrra tmlmdimrnt of the moral sense of the Irue patriots of the country. Cokwi is entitled to the eirie irrrath, nnd 1 hope a fiee people will awnrd it to him in IMi. Mr. Clay is unquestionably desirous to be again n candidate for Ihe Pesidency. Mr. Clay has many friends, and he has many and bitter enemies. For tj years lie has been a candidate defroted. He has many Kplen did qualifications he has done his country much service. He is now more than three score years and ten he is an old man nnd he must be gathered to his fathers, without being President of n Republic, to whose interests he has devoted his talents, Ins genius, and his eventful life. He cannot be President, been use the people will not elect him. He is not the man for Young dmerirn. lie is in the shade of that light of glorious freedom, which has dawned upon this people and this age. He does not belong to the new -gene ration. He belongs to the "party of recurrence to the past," and not in the " parly of progress." 'Phe elections in Ohio, New York and Massachusetts, settled this much as lo the next Presidency no man who is not out and out opposed to the extension of slavery, or of making any territory hereafter tn be acquired free territory, can lie elected President of these United States. This Government was instituted for the purpose nf spreading the blessings of civil liberty of personal frceihm and the people of tl.e free Stab's have determined that its original purposes shall no longer be set at naught. The Whigs of the East, North, and West, are now united in their determined opposition to Ihe extension of slavery. No human power can change this opposition. It is right. It is in accordance with the principles or our declaration with the spirit of our Government, and the genius of our institution. Yours trill, CUYAHOGA. The Move Trade Liberia. The Iter Dr. Humphrey, late President ot Amherst College, delivered a lecture on Sunday week, in New York, upon the subject of African Colonization, from which we gather the fact lhal the new Republic of Liberia is governed entirely by colored men no white holds any office, civil or military, in the government. There are, within the bounds of the republic, twenty-three churches, and one-third of the entire population are communicants. Two newspapers are published st Liberia. The laws compel tiie parents to send their children to school between (he nge nf five and twelve. 1 he population is about of which near one half are euiancipatedslaves. During Ihe course of Ins leclurp, Dr. 11. stated the following facta relative to the slave trade : Sir Thomas Buxton, Ihe Wilberforee of the present age, has ascertained, by careful investigation, tint w hile thirty years ago, HO.000 slaves were annually landed on Ihe American continent, there are now yoO,-000, and the losses on the passage equal to J lo per cent. ; so that ihe whole number abstracted from Af rica annually, cannot be less than half a million--as many of her children, thus yearly torn from her soil. as are contained in the cities of New York and Bos ton : and in forty years, an amount equal to llie whole of the United Slate. These are literally packed, like so many herring, without room, during the whole passage, to sit upright or stand, and only eleven inches in widtli allowed to each. Sir Thomas Buxton shows tint no trade can be suppressed by legislation, whose profits equal ;10 per cent.; and the profits of the Slave trade actually equal 100 per cent. But, he said, even in this state of things, Colomiatiou alfirds the highest ground to expect, lhal this drendl'til traffic will be abolished. The Colony of Liberia has already driven the trade, with the exception of one factory, from more tbun!MJ miles of what was "llie Slave Const," emphatically. She was thus a mighty guardian angel, whose outstretched wings shielded more than iUIII miles nf coast, slfording surer protection to its inhabitants than the combined fleets of Grenl Britain and America. And what she had done in her infancy and her poverty, for she was poor, might be done, with our aid, on the 40011 miles of ihe Western Coast of Africa, where this horrible wickedness is perpetrated From Wnsliirifttoii Cltr, Coireipondence of llioN. Y. Commercial Advertiser. Washinuton, Nov. Sfith. The organixntinn of the House of Representative!, nt the opening of the thirtieth Congrost, is now a topic of much interest. The universal belief is that the Wing members elect will go into caucus for Ihe pur pose of selecting a Speaker, and lhal their uimtunnty will not be disturbed by any apprehended future dissension in regard lo (lie war and the proviso. Mr W mthrop snd Mr. Vinton are still the caiidulntes mot spoken of, and both of these shnre the sentiments expressed by Mr. Webster and Mr. Clay in regard lothe war and slavery question. The choice of either of those irrntlemrn. or indeed of Mr. Bolls or Mr, Pendleton, both nf whom hive been spoken of, would show that the Whigs intend lo act as a parly during the thirtieth Congress, and du- 1 4,nu ,,,,. .d boon ,,.r.r,d U... V. to ,ffM - " " "" TZ this object. This, wo do not doubt, is mere rumor. Mh. Editor You observed the other day, in the columns of the Journal, tint you were not aware whe ther tho advertised war meeting ot Saturday evening, came elf, or whether the thing "filled By a refe rence to tho Statttman of Monday, you will find that it did " fill " to Ihe extent uf several columns of that heet. Tur. Prksiokut itin tiik IIoubk. Should the elee- tinu of President devolve upon the next House of Rep. resentalivcs, it will be seen by the following lliat nei ther party would at first be found in the majority Vermont, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Florida, New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Delaware, Connvcticut, Kentucky, North Carolina, Maryland. Wul I'i. Illinois, Missouri, South Carolina, Michigan, Texas, Virginia, Indiana, Iowa, Tennessee, Arkansas, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Main. Total 14 F.ouutiy Utrtdcd. Georgia, New Hampshire, Rhode Island. Total J. The LaoittATiiHKur Vlrrost. previous to its ad inurnment on Monday week, pasted, Nnanimoiisu, a loint resolution, instructing the delegation in Congress from that Slate to use their inllueiice to procure the repeal of the last act uf Congress relating tu newspaper postage. Mr. Corwin and his True Positions. We find the letter of Mr. Cokwin, explaining the true grounds of his opposition to the Mexican War, which is hereto subjoined, in the Illinois Journal ol leth of Nv,, published nt Springfield. lhal Loc.ohjcoM should misiepreseut llie positioiisof Mr. Conn in, wus scarcely to be wondere l at; but even Whigs IBvi misconceived and misrepresented them. Kven Whigs, or men and presses calling tin m-selves Whigs, have elmrm-d or insinuated thut Mr. Corwin would abandon our soldiers in Mexico, nnd lenve them to starve and perish in a foreign land Heaven pity those who say so ignormilly. Heaven (or give those who suy so wickedly. As stated in Mr. Corwin's own letter below, his object in withholding supplies, was not to deny every comfort to our soldiers, but to prevent the prosecution of an aggressive war; and the policy he proposed was precisely that recommended by Gen. Tavlob, to hold a deli nmve line, for which he wus willing to vole any supplies tie-ecHsary. Truth and Justice will st last prevail; am Mr Cnrw'm will be acknowledged one of our firs Statesmen and Patriots. Cin. ,'ltlat. Lkhanon, Ohio, Oct. 2(i, ld47. Dtar Sir'. I received your kindly letter and soon after a copy of a paper continuing the strictures on nr. speecli, iVc I have been of late, so accustomed lose-my words, spoeches and voles, so much perverted, misrepresented, nnd sometimes 1 urn sure wilfully, lha' this recent attempt dtd not at all surprise me. Ft r your timely correction of it in this case, 1 am greiilh obliged to you, not merely 1 hope on my own account, but for the sake of truth, Wfiy do not those who affect so much indignation nt what Ihey nre pleased to denominate treason,' pub lisll the Hpeecfi on which the charge islounueUf Ilu they dare not do, as it would at once slump the charge Willi lulsehoud. It w ill be found thai I only contend 1st. That the war was unnecessary, nnd on our par unjust. For this 1 have the uulliorily of Messrs. Ben ton, Calhoun and Ihe late Silas Wright. Md. That Congress, the only power under the enn stitutiou capable of declaring war, has, necessarily the power lo put an end lo it. For this 1 only appea to the constitution, and refer to Mr. Webster's lull speecli nt Springfield, showing this is a point not disputable.lid. As I saw no good result coming from the further prosecution ot the war, justice to Mexico, as well ns to ourselves, required that we should cease to light and so grant no supplies for further ofrgrtntico Miitnurrs. 1 nui sometimes charged with wishing to "starve the soldier in the field." Is there any one so ignorant, us not to know, tint Ihe supplies a-ked for lust winter, were not to feed the troops in Mexico, or to sustain them on their return, hut to equip and furnish tho men, who have been fighting under Scott, in s cum-paign not begun until utter Congress adjourned. 1 repeatedly linked of those favorable to the war, lo bring in a bill to support Taylor s army then nt Meniere y, holding (as Taylor himself recommended) the territory we then had, nud stopping there und tendering peace to Mexico. This they refused to do, and insisted on storming Ihe " Hulls of llie Monteziimiis," and asked men and money for that. They got ihetu, nod Ihey got the "Halls of ihe Moiiiezumns," and have (hey got n pence ? They snid Ihey would d c-late it from the Capital. I said they would not cmiid not. Was my prophecy, or theirs, the true one f No they have got rivers of blood, a mountain uf debt, but no peace. I shall send no reply tn tins or nny oih- r attack. My own State, at the recent election, Inis fully vindicated my course. With this I am content to leave the matter to the calm judgment of thinking men. Truly your friend. THO. CORWIN. A. T. Br.EiisoK, Efl., Springfield, 111. From the Louisville Kiaminer. I' fleet of .llr. Clny's Speech on Kcutuckiiias. There are s one incidents, connected with the de livery of the speech, which show the spirit ot the man and the occasion, and which (several uorrespoti- denis having noticed them,) we desire to put on the rccoru. The parts of Mr. Clay's speech that elicited the most applause were those, winch announced that he would have died rather than have voted for a lie, (re- fcrntig to the preamble uf the war Oct) and which denounced slavery sod the extension of sUvery. vv uen aoout to introduce tiie laltersutiject, he puis-d, and in his deepest voice, and most impressing man ner, said : I regard slavery as a great evil (rrenllv to be de- plon d nud, 1 will add, fraught with injustice to our ie I low-beings who are the subjects of il." Long, earnest, and denfening applause followed this announcement. " Ihe dullest heart, says one cor. correspondent, "wou d have beat tiimultiioiisly." I wanted when he said this, declares one ardent an (J true hearted Kentuekiau, lo give a yell that would wake the nation." The orator catching the full forre of llie feeling a- round him, and rising Willi llie occasion, affirmed uilh deeper euiphais, mid more stirring eloquence : " filly years ago, I ndvocnled the adoption of the Pennsylvania scheme of Emancipation, and had il been made the law, we should have been eiilMTly rid of (he i'vu ot ni ivcry. And with ihe amied experience, oti servatiftu and reflection of these filly years, I regret I deeply regret ami deplore that that sciieme s wioe, no politic, so jnul, hid not been adopted ; ron mj ormos sow axe rniit ielv what Tiitr wkh; tiii: si," The enthusiasm here was seemingly at its height " J clapped, danced, sod shouted," snvs one UiiialK sober. " I felt like a boy, so glnd was 1 to hear r Keiiluekian, talking out so bravely for freedom." add:. another of our gravest adieus. "1 tell you iu friend," affirms a young Emancipator, " Old Hal (Gui' Mens him !) h i" this day done a work for anti-sUvrrj in the South, which will do wonders." But I roin nil accounts Democratic as well as Wi tho most exciting scene of sll was, when Mr Clay read and took the vote upon the seventh resolution Here lie paused, as he did in his speech, and ratsim his Intl form lo its utmost height, uttered a short sp peal "which thrilled every heart." I am uhout lo offer a resolution on another suhict 1 hope that this audience 1 trusl that this people wi have hearts will sustain it Their honor calls for a response. The common justice winch animates anb unites them, dt mn nils that Ihey should repudiate the thought of acquiring territory lor the purpose of extending the evil of slavery." I he uudience wailed not for the resolution I The knew what it was! And as one man, a deafening cheer rang out, "No robbery," any how, snid one. " No robbery for slavery lenst of all," exclaimed another. " And," saysone of our correspondents, " the cheer told me, as I would tell the world, tint Ken lucky never wus, and never will be a propaganda of slavery, or the server or defender of any prupugnndni." Silence was restored, and Mr. Clay read the seventh resolution. Shout followed shout upon its adoption ! It seeinr d as if Ihe pent up feelings of tho crowd had, f.-r tho Hrst lime, an opportunity to flow oul, and be expressed. The occasion was literally revelled in. "1 behaved like a boy," sad a friend to us, whose heart is devoted to the cause of freedom. I was drunk with joy, as 1 heard Henry Clay speak against slavery as he did." Such were Ihe signs, unwritten yet spoken, wit nessed at Lexington ; and what bode they What is their iniMirtt That he is the man of the people tcho ir ill boldly titter himtrlf on thet tubjtct of tlumryfr the people. Tliey know its injustice. They feel its wrong. And they will hail him as a deliverer who will h i up Ins voice wisely and testify by his example, a gaunt this injustice nnd wrong. The 0iuth leant s na stare titmsion, or tin re Territory. Let those, t!r-wArrr, w ho are (or I hi r. boil, but do thtir duly, nnd never will Ihe curse blacken foot of Mexican laud by our consent. We could give fuller details, as our correspondence is full, loo full to be used, but we prefer with this brief ski tch of some of the tignt nf (he limes, ns seen on (he i:!:h, at Lexington, tu lei Mr. Clay explain and s peak for himself. From IVrley in (be Bottnn Adas. Br.funrR A Phistkr. " And were you really printer, Monsieur lb-ranger?" suid 1 to the i:hmin-nier, as we sat ehullrring in h s htlle breakfast room, at Ptr, one lind morning in May Inst. "That I was,aud a famous one too; nor do I ever take up a biwk without scanning (he title page, for I nl-wnysexrelleil in composing title pnges. Iliiudhills,too, used to like to work upon, and well remember one b'ue Mnndai, when all alone in the office, poring ovi r nu odd volume of poetry, an old farmer came in with nn order for some Auction placards. Though I had not been m the oilier three mouths, I took the Composing slick in hand, then locked up my form, put it to prcm, and by stepping upon a stool u ily the trinket, wotkul off (he job presenting my master the next morning with a specimen, and the money I had received. He was so plensed, good mnn, Hint hegsve m Ihe money and a half a day lo spend it in and a happy half day it was. At St. Louis the arrangements for slaughtering this season nre more ample than Ihey have ever been before. The Republican says that one nf Ihe houses is sufficiently Grgo to hang at one lime H01I hojn , m con licet M'li Willi w Inch n beef house is constructed, cnp.ibh-nf hanging tfotl head at a tune, The miis adj unti will hold ii or liiltHI hend. At another house pn pin turns are made lor killing ami hanging up daily (in hogs und no beeves; nud in another for killing one hanging daily P00 to 1000 hog and lUO toliou Wives lliuii Watfhs The streams of the eountry surrounding us are very high, and some little ininry ha been done to the ungalhercd corn crops on the hw b 'tlom farms of Ihe lllsuchard portions of Potnni. possihly he elected, by t mixed vole of Whigs and county. We have not heard of any srous inennven Democrats. ienee in tins county. The waters of southern Glut In the Senate there Is tn be some opposition to the I are said to he very hich.spprnnrhmg nenilv l" t lie uu present secretary, Mr. Dickens, but I think Without j prered nied ifood o) January Inst. Considerable dam much e fleet, unless a number of candidates should be age has been done on different streama to null proper brought forward. ly, canals, roads, &.Q. i'mdiuj ttvurur. policy. Mr. John B. Clark, of New York, who was formerly in Congress, and who was distinguished for Ins lesions and aide services here as chairman of the central Whig committee of correspondence, in ln-10, is the lending candidate for the clerkship of (he House. Mr. Clark a services will be much needed here, by Ihe Whig party, in the next contest ; and, for that reason, he has been solicited to accept the olhce. II is very probable that the Whigs may, with some few exceptions, determine, in caucus, to vote for Mr. (.'lark. Mr. Adams has. it is said, promised In vote for the Democratic candidate, llie present incumbent, and the Votes of other W hig members have been claimed as promised to him, but probably without sufficient loumlatmn. Mr. Clark is unnncstioitaMy the leading candidate of the Whig party, and he, if any one, can obtain a nomination in caucus. Hut it has been lately rumored that Mr. Clark will be held in reserve for the station of U. 8. Senator from New York, and will not ho a candidate for the clerkship- In this case, Mr Nsthnn Snrgeanl, of Philadelphia, will have a very good chance, Mug, as 1 learn, supported by the influence of Mr. Clay. Many of the Whig members wish to nominate in caucus all Ihe elective officers of the House, and others wish to confine the decision nf the caucus to the srlee. lion of a Speaker alone. In this case, Mr. Matthew St. Clair Clark, or Mr. Band. L. Gmiverneur mny

WEEKLY OHIO STATE VOLUME XXXVIII. COLUMBUS, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1847. NUMBER 14. S0T K'HMSHKU KVKHY T.DNF.SDAY MOItMNU, BY WILLIAM B. TIIKALL. Office in the Juurnnl Building, south-east corner of High street and sugar alley. T K RMS: Tiirkk Dot, i, us pkr annum, which mnv bo discharged by the payment of Twu IJoi.i.aii in advance, and free of postage., or ot per centage to Agents or Collectors. The Journal it aIko published Daily and Tri-Weckly ilu rii.g the year; Daily, per uiiuuin, 7 ; Tri-Wuckly, tj't. TUESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 30, 81T. Italy. Tho Progress or Freedom After the full of Napoleon and the overthrow of. the comparatively free government which he instituted upon the Italian peninsula, the states of that distracted country fell entirely under the influence of the Austrian government, and were governed by the line of policy which had been marked out by the Congress of Soverigns a puliry especially intended to deaden all the aspirations of the people for freedom and i in provement, and to keep them in a Mate of mental darkness which should render them easy subjects to the yoke of despotism. In this semi-barbarian condition the Roman States remained from th:it day until 1846. None of the advancements of the age, whether in governmental policy or mental and moral improvement, were suffered to reach the benighted decendants of the old 11 jiria.ua ; old oppressions and old super-stitinns were confirmed by the lluler of the Papal See, Gregory XVI ; poverty and degradation marked the people, and unbridled licentiousness and depravity prevailed among the supporters of this despotism, from the Popu down, through all the grades of public officers and religious ordeis. Political opinions, obnoxious to tho despotic ruler and to his advisers of Austria, were suppressed by Ihe infliction, upon those who held them, of death, imprisonment, or banishment; and twenty-two millions of people, as susceptible of iui-provement as any nation on the face of the earth, were trodden down and degraded at the footstool of power. The Italians have not the spirit to suffer patiently and unresistingly accumulated wrongs of such magnitude; and, consequently, frequent revolutions hive been alte.iipted, but nil have resulted only in binding closer the chains of their bondage. Thus, in that laud which one of our bards has truthfully denom. ill ate d " Tlte seal of buauty anil tho shrine of mirth," ruin and slavery, misery and crime, were the predominant features. But amid all this, "a better day was coming." Pope Gregory XV I., the very embodiment of the spirit which ruled benighted Europe in the dark nges, died. On the 11 III day of June, IHW, a conclave of Cardinals met in Route tu elect a successor. Fortunately for the oppressed Italians, and equally fortunate lor the cause of freedom in the Old World, the choice fi-II upon Giambalista de Mastai Kerretli j who, on tho'Jlsl day of June, was crowned in the Vatican as l'ope Pius IX. At the time of his selection to fill the vacant seat at St. Peter's, he was the Bishop of Linda ; and his disposition and opinions were almost entirrly unknown to the anxious and hoping millions whose destinies he would control for good or evil, But the tools of Austria, and those who would have kept the Italian people in the darkness of ignorance, felt so confident of ruling the new Pontiff, that they indulged in public rejoicings and festivities. They had mistaken the man. From the moment that he nssumed the regal powers of his government, and had looked abroad over the laud, he cieteriuined that, so fur as he possessed the power, a new order of things should pro-vail : that freedom should take the place of despotism that knowledge should drive out ignorance industry and plenty rule where poverty and crime held their high court ; in short, that the lights of the nineteenth century should dissipate the darkness and misery of the feudal ages. To show what he had to contend against, it is sufficient to say that all the public ollices were filled by corrupt ami corrupting touts of the despotism of Austria that all tho founts of public jus tice were perverted, and the engines of the courts, wielded to further wrong and oppression that evi-n the Inly institution of religion was made to pander to the lust and gross sensualities of those who had for years held the people in bondage. Without an encourag ing word from one of the powerful of the land, Pope Pms, alone and unaided, determined to throw himself into the arms of his 'oi.V, and with their assistance, work out the reforms w hich were necessary tu free the down trodden Italians. The first steps which he look in his career of reformation were for the suppression of the secret tribu nals, which had been instituted for the condemnation of political offenders. Tin done, he set apart a day for public audience, when all classes of community were permitted to state their grievances, with some assurance of redress. He appointed a commission for the construction of railroads and other public improvements. On the Kith of July, he declared a general amnesty for political offences thus calling home from exile some of the best spirits of Italy, and opening the prison doors to others who had not beu so fortunate at to escape from the hands of the oppressors. On the 'Jlth of August, the magistrates of the differ-cnt departments were assembled together to devise plans for the instruction of the p mr and for the suppression of idleness. The terrible secret police, which hid been a powerful iiiitrumetit in the hands of P me Gregory and his followers for tho oppression of the people, was disbanded, and governmental reforms and ! new IIISIIIUIIOIIS lr icglil.lliuil ClianiiJiini, uuk uem: bodies were restrained from the passage of nny law liiving for its object the punishment of any person for political opinions. He publicly gave encouragement to tho advancement of the sciences, md threw open the library ot the Vatican for the use ol the students. Other steps were taken for the advancement of public instruction free schools, for the education ami support of the children ol the poor, were opened, and night schools encouraged for the education of the parents. To all these institutions the Pope, not satisfied with giving the in the countenance of government, contributed largely out of his private menus. Public heggmg has been suppressed, and numerous asylums ouened for the necessitous. Under the influence of these liberal movement, (lie public mind has hi stimulated reading rooms have been opened anil clubs formed associations for mutual aid and improvement established tho press, the great engine of freedom, set actively to work, throwing out newspapers, maga- unei and books, in which the utmost freedom of thought prevail; and tho learned have turned their attention to cultivating the public mind through the popular journals. One of these journals is devoted entirely to the discussions of plans for free schools, for the building up of manufactories, for tho opening of rulroads, and for general social and political reforms All these reformations have been accomplished in one brief year; and under the energetic rule of Pope Pins, if he is spared, they are destined to place the Roman States once more high in the rank of nations. The influence of these movements was felt, almost Immediately, throughout tho whole Peninsula of its- an open warfare, it will draw into the conllict all the powers of the Peninsula, and shake to the center the overgrown sovereignties of Europe. It will show the People their power, and make them yet more urgent for the rights which have long been withheld from them That the inhabitants of this country, who hive long felt the benefits of free institutions, should sympathise warmly in these efforts at advancement, is quite natural; and that they are being made among a people long cast down, and long deprived of the rights which give dignity to man, renders the efforts more worthy the ardent good wishes of Republicans all over the world. A movement has been made in the eastern cities to give public expression to the spirit which pervades community upon the subject. A call appears in the columns of the New York journals, for a public meeting, signed by tho mayor, several ex-mayors, ex-Gov. IJouck, Judge Belts, the editorial corps of the city, and upwards of five hundred others, without distinction of party. 07 Messrs. Collier utid Porter have disposed of the Carroll Free Frets in Messrs. B. W.& P. C. Johnson. Under the control of Mr. Porter, during the last year, the tree PreHs his been conducted in a very dignifi ed and able manner; and we regret tn lose him from the corps editorial. Our best wishes go with the retiring publishers. The Whigs of Carroll will sea that the Messrs. Juhnsoiis receive an encouraging sup. Prt' ' inrThe intelligent Locofoco Washington correspon dent of the New York Journal of Commerce, under dale of the Irith, says that the administration is confidently looking for a treaty of peace with Mexico, which will grant to (his governmental) " indemnity for the past." the states of New Leon, Coahuila, and Chihuahua, or a part of the latter, in addition to tho cession of California, &c. Tliis large extent of Country, it is supposed by Mr. Polk, will indemnify us for all the xpenses o the war. 1 hen, as " security fur the fa tare," this treaty proposes to pay to Mmico fortius ter ritory, a large compensation in money ! Mire, this correspondent says, tiian Mr 'Prist offered during the first negotiations. A large National Debt for Territo ry we do not want ! IOThe Mexicans at Chihuahua got up an insur rection, according to the late it dates from there, and forced Ihe Americans tn fly in save their lives. These are the citizens that Mr. Polk would "annexed" requiring a standing army to kerp them quiet. HjT The rumored flight of Santa Anna turns out to be faise. As late as the $ilh of Oct. he was making preparations to defend himself nguitibt the charges of his enemies. He was then dserled by all hispid friends except Gen. Stuboli and a small force of cav alry. H7 Telegraphic despatches stale (hat the city of Atlisco in Mexico, was totally destroyed by an earth quake on the VMd of October not a house left stand ing. A large portion of tho inhabitants were buried in Hie ruins. A Falsehood Exposed Anew. The editor of the .Vationnl tutelligi rrr, who is al ways ready for Ihe misstatement of the t'niiin, in a brief article fallowing, knocks over anew the Locofo-ro falsehood that the rejection of Mr. Slidell as Minister to Mexico was known nt Washington previous to the issuing of the order to Gen. Taylor to leave Corpus Christi and march upon the Rio Grande. No Locofoco can doubt the authority quoted by the Intelligencer and tint authority, the Lilian itself, shows that on the Kith of February, ttrtnty-eight days aitkh the (I alt if thtordtr tn (icn. 7.iyor,it was not known at Washington that Mr. Hlidell had been rejected. Not a word need lie added to make the case a clear one. The Intelligencer says : The " Union," speaking of the Speech, nf w Inch it had seen the rep rt, characterize the following us "a gross and unfortunate error :" " But instead of this pacific and moderate course, whilst Mr. Slidell was wending Ins way to Mexico, Willi Ins diplomatic credentials, General Taylor was ordered to tran-qi'irt Ins cannon, and to plant them, in a warlike attitude, opposite to M itamoros, on Ihe east bank of the Rio iliavo, within the veiy disputed territory the adjustment of which wag to be the object of Mr. Slidcll's mission." But the error is mi the pirt of the " Union," and not of Mr. Clay. Mr. Slidell must have been considered as on his way to M.-xu:o irith hit diptomiitic err-druti'tls, so long us il was uncertain whether or not he would be received by Mexico in Ins diplomatic capacity. The order to General Taylor to transplant his coiiiuniid to the Rio Grande wan given before any in formation was received here ol the result ot .Mr. Mi-dell application to lie so received. Without waiting for (lie decision of the M xiean Government on tho question of receiving Mr Slidell, trhtltt that question was depending, and the .Mexican liovcrnineril imploring for time that is to say, more than two months be Jure Mr. Slidell deiniiuhd hit pusspartt from Hie .Mex ican uovernmeiit lien. I aylor was ordered m marcii the army under his command to the Rio Grande, and siiiiullniieouslv a strong naval force was ordered to be assembled in the Gulf of Mexico. It was not until the loth of April, full three months uj'lir the order was issued lo Geo. Taylor, and twenty days after ho began his unreli, llnl it was known here (in tins city) that Mr Slidell had finally been ref used to he received. Nay, the file of Ihe Union" itself conclusively rxpo-.es itsairn blunder in this mailer. The order In Gen. Taylor was, as we have said, issued on ihe Lhh of January lit the Union of Fthrnnr't 111, the Editor informed his renders not only that Mr. Slidell had not been rejected, but tint" he had been received with much courtesy, ami welcomed in the society of the metropolis as an elegant and accomplished gentleman. Me hid not yel hem received by the Government ill an official capacity ; m:mii:n inu Tiir.r iii.ci.isi:i HIS HH r.l'TloN " Fru iik Hit Lyceum. J i: ti nr. Tnnti.t, : Your city readers are all probably advised of the existence of the Lyceum. It was instituted list winter st the suggestion of some of our best citileiis, and has answered the purposes of its creation admirably. Lectures were delivered upon various subjects, and a library was commenced. This winter a course of lectures is being delivered by Prof. M i hhii k, winch have, thus far, given the greatest satisfaction lo the members who hive attended. His lectures are rxm-cdiugly clear and instructive ; his style simple and interesting ; and his experiments very successful. My object, however, st this lime, is to call the attention of our allien, and especially of our young men, to a new arrangement which his been made by tho Lyceum. At tin Inst meeting a report was made and accepted, hy a committee appointed tu examine tho subject, advising the holding of riDi.tc it:ntTr.s upon Saturday evening of earh second week, whuh debates the public may all attend. Next Saturday evening was appointed as the time for nrgiiiinog this branch of ihe Lyceum. We hope that all who feel interested in tins movement will ho present on that evening, and give such assistance as will insure success. We will then havu another pleasant and improving mode of ipeudmg our winter evenings. A M KM III) It. For tho Olno State Journal Revnolhsbiiho, Nov. IH. 1847 Mu. EniToit : On the 30th of lust September. I had the pleasure of being present at an Exhibition of thu RcyiioUUhurg Academy. Tho performance of uie day would compare witti anything ot the kind 1 have ever witnessed. The music by Ihe Reyunldanurg nana was unusuulty gooa. une pari oi Hie periorm-nnce of the day particularly engaged my attention. It was a debate on the Mexican War. I have lately obtained a copy of the closing speech, which I send you for publication. It was delivered by a young man who has just commenced a course of Academical studies, aiidturely does honor to the heart and head of the speaker. SPECTATOR. Ff.Uaw t'itizrnt: The gentlemen have been labor, ing hard, lo furnish some pretext for the Mexican War, It )ot.n ai) iviih every offensive war, which has ever been watfed. Cnisar wrote his celebrated Commentaries, which arc in the hands of almost every schoolboy, to justify his murderous and wanton attack upon Gaul. The three allied powers published documents tu justify the division of Poland. Russia declared the boundary of Poland had never been settled. Prussia plead lawyear fashion, that the Poles could produce no lulu to their kingdom. Austria plead the Coronation oath as her claim. Now, what have we heard to justify the invasion of Mexico? i has been urged that during the Administration of Gen. Jackson and Martin Van Buret), I tie Mexicans committed acts of aggression upon our nation, by insulting our flag, plundering the property of ourcitizens, casting them into prison without any just cause Tliu argument amounts to this: during tin; Presidency of Jackson, a longtime n;r", our nation would have been justifiable in invading Mexico. This is a false deduction. The in nut. is not true. It is hardly fight to impugn motives, but the genllemen certainly know these former injuries were not the cause of (he war. The reason assigned by our government for the entering upon war, was tins, and this only : ".War exists by the act of Mexico" in invading our Territory and attacking our troops. Admitting for the sake of argument, that these injuries, received some ten or twelve years ago, are suilicieul cause for the present wai, our government never gave notice to, Mexico that she would wsge Huron thisaccoutit. But did wo not receive as great injuries fmui France as those received from Mexico ? fid we wage war with r'rtince? No! And would we now he jiiililiible in waging war aga i nut France lor ihe same injuries?! uy inn r wti our relations with that nation have changed. But our relations with .Mexico have chanyvd Site acknowledged our claim and thereby satisfied our national honor. She agreed to satisfy our demands and indemnify our loss. What more could any civil- ized nation ak But to return to the true cause of the War. The President sent our army to the banks of the Rio Grande, avowedly for tho purpose of repelling an invasion. On this act of aifL're smoii will hang Ihe true character of the war, and the merits of discussion Hut beforu coming tu (his mam poinl, it may be ne cessary lo remove an objection. Something has been said, concerning our Monster, Mr. Slidell not being eeived by Ihe Mexican Government. It has ben shown by my rneaMic, thai the annex ation ot lexas was an net of hi'itchkioii against Mex- ipo. It wan so considered by tlte t iovef linietlt mid people of Mctich Tins wai till well known lo our Government. The Mexican Minister immediately left Washington acroidnig to instruction. Still, however, Mexico was willing to extend the hand of peace to our nation. She even consented lo overlook, for the time, the annexation of Texas, and agreed to re ceive a coiniuiisioi)er to settle the disputed boundary between Her unit the newly ucquirt d p'ssesions. Ifut how did this great model Republic, represented by the gentlemen, ns so desirous uf peace, receive these friendly advances ? Our Government sent Mr. Slidell I not as commissioner according to (he custom of nations and the express desire of Mexico, not w llmg l hat her own honor should he degraded, hulas Minis, (er Plenipotentiary, totnntwiih her as though the friendly relations between the two countries had never been broken up. Peace could have been obtained, but peace was not the desire of theCommander-in-Chief of tho Umled States Army. Wo wanted lo impose on a Weak and powerless people, simply be-came they were weak, u Munst-r wlioin they could not inconsistence with national honor receive. Talk to us abul ptitriutitm? Talk to us nhmit Liberty! and insult Mexico, because she was unw iltnig to crourh down to high-hnmled Tyranny ! I, too, glory in patriotism, and 1 glory in it, when found m tho bosom of a tirarthij Mnitun. But the treatment of Mr. Slidell was not the real cause of tho war. The true cause, ns has already been said, w-n the marching of our army lo the hanks ..c ii... ii... :...i.. ii i i... i-..,.. i i... . , ... "i, . ' ii , 1 1 n year will U? a snog little sum lo nav for blowing out lr.., Tl,..y w.-,c- o II, , u-d U--.itrv, brlw.-.. i". "T"" l'r1?,"1', '' ""! U"c'l:", Unsure,-. an,l Ilu, Ki (ir.,,,,1,-. V h.U '.,'d,..ul.-U , " K "y ,"f We I. then hoiv r;ioie ..or urniv t.. lie no I h it ilonioted ' . . . . " "' " territory For what end did they march ihither ' Was 1 it lo promote the peaceful relations between the two , ....imlr...d 1 A,.,..,r.l..,,f l 1 1. I r. , . ..' t. . t ,iw llion.-t .. i . ,i n ii , i i i ' r n"n ''ir. war. This is not all ; they were sent upon Mr tint n ttrrituri according to the ileelaralion of Ihe President limi-ien in IKS reiennieu WUT llies.ta'je, no DiieiiuH to prove that all the lands lying between the Nueces I The Cost ot tho Mexican Vux When we reflect that inttrcst is the Drevailinrf mo. tive which in tlue rices the great mass of mankind, we arc surprised that any one can he found willing to favor the further prosecution of the Mexican war. The annexation of territory would not enhance the national wealth, and the trouble and expense of holding it would more thun counterbalance any of its probable bene lils in it pecuniary point of view, to say nothing ol the loss of national reputation in acquiring territo. ry in an unjust and freeboottng war. The President, m the treaty proposed to the Mexican Government recently by Mr. 'Prist, asked Texas to the RioGamde, New Mexico, and the greater part of Upper and Low-er California, for which he was willing to give twentv millions of dollars, without claiming any indemnity for Ihe expenses of the war Suppose he had acquired Ihe territory demanded, counting the expenses of the war, it would have cost us not a cent less than 9l$,tnm,iliw, together with the vast waste of life in war necessary to obtain it. Who believes that this would have been an advantageous bargain for the United Stales ? Certainly no sane man ; especially when it is recollected that we cannot add an inch of Mexican territory to the Union without n fearful civil strife on the question of slavery. But it is now rendered almost certain, that, after all our expenditures of money und sacrifice of life in a disgraceful and unnecessary war, no indemnity in luml will he secured. The war must end without the cmuiirst ot a rood of Mexican territory ; and whatever acquisitions we may obtain will, if acquired at all, be the result of purr fin.its in afrtindtij w gutitttian. Congress may possibly ho willing lo purchase the Bay of San Francisco, and possibly extend the territory of Texas lo (he Rio Grande, It is our deliberate opinion, in view of tho probable action of the next Congress, tiut thit it the must even by way of ( -uinproinitc Ihe United States wi)l ultimately acquire. Mr. Polk might at any lime before he commenced the war, havo purchased this territory for ten millions id' dollars, and thus have avoided all the calamities of a two year's conflict, He Htrir tnijuital turh a inraturt ; and he is, therefore, morally responsible for the probable inglorious termi. nation of the war. It was begun in villainy and usurpation, und iis authors will reap for themselves not lung bill the scorn and couteiiiot of their country men. But, h id as our bargain may be a bargain forced on the people without their consent, and, in Ihe lirsi instance, without the consent of Congress, the lrur must hr wilt fur ; und it is well to nscertnui the amount, so (hal we may be prepared for the demands id' the tax-gatherer. The Louisville Journal has already estimated the burthen winch the expenses of (he war will iiupnse on Kentucky; and from it.i data, a good idea may be obtained of what will be Ohio's share: "Kentucky has lull a nullum of citizens about ' thirty tilth o(' all in the Union but Kt ntueky, being inui'h richer than the average of the Htnles in prop irtioti to population, owns about one twentieth nf the property. She is therefore compelled to bear unit twentieth id' the burdens of ihe war. What are they i I. Interest on the public debt, which would amount lo Iii,ijd(i,I(jii, if peace were made (o-iuorrow jglG.OOOOOO 'i. Animal instalments rcqui'cd (o pay the public debt in twenty year ,,IMH 1,1 Hit) ;l. Increase of the army and navy resulting fr the war f,niin,nni I. Now pension hst (i,Miiii,(i(ii) one. twentieth of which the share of Keiilncl, y is one million one hundred thousand dollars per annum." Here is another c lrarl : The share of Kentucky in the annual burdens of the war is $1,lM,nOU In Ihe ordinary peace expenditure of the Federal Government, which is jy'Jo.tltJII,-IHMI, Kentucky's share is ,2o'),00fl Her own Slate Government expense is, say " IIlHI.ilOO Annually ',!,. i."u,nmi To pay thu would require the labor of more than one sixth of the freemen v( Kentucky, or one-sixth of llii' time of all her men. The taxation of Great Brilinn is nine dollars per head per annum ; that of Kentucky becomes nt once by tins war more than five. If the war will impose a lax of jfc'it.",.",0.()00 nn Ken-lucky, il may bo safely assumed, that Ohio, with more than double her wealth nod p ipul ition, will have to : pay at least 5,lllli),llli:i, There i no escape; Ihe moti-j ey must be paid either directly or indiieelly ; ami we ; rejoice that the L'loofoeos will be compelled to bear their due proportion of an expense, w hich in justice ought to fill exeluaively on their own colters. Let us . he ir no more, then, of Wing tnr ttnrt to rob the in-1 dustrious farmer when the bill of tins " jrlorhut Mex- Ii u-ia .r... l i. .r t -..! il.-ii !.. ' " u" presented or payment, r ive miflioi is the legitimate fruit of l.iief,irt mtis in favor of the ineii whose policy is yel destined to utlliet the country Willi the mo! intolerable pecuniary burdens. l.tbw Whit; Stntc Convention, We observe in several papers a desire expressed lb it the Stale Convention be held at an earlier day thin Ihtt heretofore selected. Anioinr the reasons and Ihe Rto Grande In-longed to the United Slates, urged, il is objected tint the Lejri-j ituru will have od-by (he annexation of Texas. Yel, in the sai loco- j oirned prior to the tttd of Fel.ruary, and the roads ucing always extremely mnuriy at ttiat season ol the The Si tvmot.m.itft in the United States number about y.VUHHL in s n oiilatmn of about 1.111)0.1)00. and ly ; and the subjects of other Princes are demanding ' this quaiter of a million, or raihcr some few of tho a like amelioration oflhoir condition. In some o these win.ie numner, (loraii nre not so unreasonable,) threat-frovernmenta.the pressure Ins been so strong, that the f"t dissolve the Union, if Congress and the great i i i ii i . r n ... ... . ... ii... o,,l'V u the people declare that no more Slave territo- rule,, have, linn o,Hll lo Clluw m t infuum tho , . . (he iree Mates nngiit smile at Una with complacency, example ol the Pope The Duke uf Tuscany haa been forced by his subjects to grant them ft liberal Constitution, anil tu aland by the Roman States in their contest with Austria. The King of Sardinia has granted a free press the first step to free institutions and sympathises in all the movements of the Pope. In Lucca and Parma, and in Sicily and Calabria, the people are moving actively in the cause of freedom in Naples the contest haa begun, and the spirit is spreading and pervading all the belter classes of society in the Itvlian Slates. These reforms have not been effected without a strenuous and continued opposition. Every means have been resorted to, to intimidate the Pope ; and (he emissaries of despotism, sent out by Austria, have even made efforts to tako the life of the Pontiff, despairing of slopping his carreer by any other means. Conspiracies and revolts have been planned, and paid for with Austrian gold, and headed by the instruments of Austrian intrigue. All these failing, the Roman States have been invaded by an armed force, and the the city of Ferrara taken possession of. This last art has aroused the national spirit of the Italians, and thousands have armed themselves to resist by force the invaaion of their rights. The Pope will not quietly submit to this insult, unless reparation be made in some substantial manner; and Austria has gono too far to drawback with dignity. Should this result in were it not trial tins body ot men are uacked hy many u Northern men with Southern principles, or Northern " Doughfaces," who nre but the hewers of wood and drawers of water lo their Southern masters. New York set her mark upon this class of men at the recent election. So dtd Ohio and Massachm 'U, sod we trust the sequel will show that neither the quarter of a million nor ihrir allies ore to rule the country, Vittthurgh (Jni, PrtTiu im tiik Hospital at Pi:hotk Frightful Mortality. We had frequent mention by letters and otherwise, from Perote, of the alarming mortality among the troops at that post, but were unprepared for the long list of deaths occurring during the live months commencing nn the first o June and closing on the 1st nf Deccinltcr, in the general hospital at Perote Castle, which wu find in Ihe New Orleans Delta of the IHth instant. They comprise IM deaths, the day, date, and disense of each being given in (he lisl, most of whom died of diarrhu'i, dysentery, nr in termittent fever. The number shows (he deaths to havo averaged from three to four per day. Nearly two thirds of the whole list were attached to the Pennsylvania Regiments. Tiik Wan Of Ihe multitude of clergymen in the city and neighborhood, who preached on Thanksgiving day, we are told that every one who spoke of the war heartily condemned it as unchristian and unnatural. A fact like llus from the Pulpit tu the People, i needs no Quiuuiunt.i'itfi&ijrjf Uaittte. incut, he mikes it known that th it part on which our army inarched was Mexican soil. To use his own words, " Hy rapid movements, the nrovince of New Mexico, with Si nil Fe its capital, has been raptured without bloodshed " Whit! Capture without blood-hind provinces of (he United States! Sure I In pro vince o .ew .Mexico is on tins side ol the 11 io Oramle, and forms part of ihe disputed territory. So IoimMIicii as lh.it Presidential mesMge is among th1' puolic records of our nalem, so long will it be itself trump- el-lonjiled witness, lestiGmg to the injustice ni (he war, uivaniveu its character from the beginning of its existence. Texas held jurisdiction ns fir as Corpus Chrisli and no farther not wit Jim one hundred and thirty miles of the Rio Grande ! Twice at leusl, were the Texans defi-itted, driven biek from that country by its inhabitants, Mr mean ciliictH. And -.vhat is a matter of ficl, since the cniuuiciifeiueiit of the war, when the consli tilted authorities of Texas wished to extend tln-ir jurisdiction over Ihe territory eliimed hy tin' Presi dent as theirs, they were prohibiten oy the li mates Quarter M ister, Mr. p,itiat)d,ou the ground that it is fiiuitirrcd territory, held by mitibint juritdirtion of Ihe Uu. ted Slates With ill these fa-U stinug n in the lace, w ho will hazard his repu'. ltion (or cmuaioi si-use, by i)iug this ttisputid trmtorij teat nut dnputtd ttr-ritory.Not control then with entering on disputed territory not content with driving Mexican cituctts from their homes not content with marching clear to the banks of the Rio Grande our army must plant their deep m.uithej cannon oppoiie M ilamurus, threatening de-trin-iioti to the defeticelens city They must blockade the river, (he free navigation of which, even admitting tint all the lauds between us and it were ours, according to the laws of nations, slnoild not be restricted on (he part of the I niled Slates. Hut all this was done before it wis proclaimed in pitiable (ones, " American blood has been shed on American sod." Thus, at last, niter frequent and untiring efforts, (he American army got a pretext to invade Mexico, and carry on the meditated syptem of conques'. Why then raise the hue and cry lint the Mexicans invaded our territory.' Inl they do so.' evtr ! Tliey resisted our invasion of thtir trrritary .' When the people of the Umled States resisted Great Brit nil. they called it patriotism. Is resistance any less patriotism in the Mexicans.' Oh, but then, we nre lighting for ptnrr ! F.dwnrd the 1st was fight mg for peace, when lie raised a powerful aimy, determined to render Scotland one val field of desolation. Is pence, at Ihe best, only to be obtained by nn ex'er-initiating war t Such is the peace ul blood thirsty tyrants ! "lirav I'lviiioutli Rock tutli yet a tongue, and Concord is not dumb i And voices from our fuller' (iraves and from the future coui" : Thcvcnll onus io stand our ground they charge us still to le Not onlv free from chains nurirlres, but fore most to miko free ! ,r What observer does not know Ihe renl design of this wanton invasion f Pence can be purchased from our 1 Government only by the surrender o Territory, It is emphatically a war of conquest for the acquisition : of Territory. And were it waged for aey other cause, I would ask Imw many hearts must be pierced by ! the ruthless soldiers bow much blood must he spilled what mourning, lamentation and woe, must be heard before our claims can be adjusted before " the sword shall have devoured enough, or the arrow become drunk With tho blood of the slain." Il requires no effort to show Ihe one grand design of the Mexican war on the ,mrl of our Government. No cause, no object, no desire can be formed else than ihe policy of ihe Government, the acquisition of Territory, mid that for the basest of purposes, tho extension of slavery. I bis we have from tho mouth o Senator Kenton, the very Ajax of slavery. Also from the month of J. C. Calhoun, a man who has ever prostituted the power of Ins mighty intellect to support that infamous system. tsiioll slavery tuns use a rancer eai nun mo very vitals of our national constitution shull we bo told that " Ihe preservation and perpetuation of slavery is the vital and animating spirit of the national Government i" Oh, had W ashington and the frame rs uf the Constitution known how the people uf America would pervert il into an instrument by means of which they could bend their whole energies to support slavery, and carry on wars for its perpetuation, they would nave rriecira msi same instrument. Who can think without horror, of tho misery and woo occasioned in tins tiuliotv cause,' I low many wives arc made widows. How many mothers ami year, maiiv will he kept away who are anxious to at tend. Il is recommeiled lhal an early day m January some name the first lw selected. We approve of the suggestion. nut thr si and dm nf .'-gArf Hundrrd and Fartij F.iht trilnrsj oar p-irtifumirn-mi-lid in Ohm. Let us begin the year onglii for if we mistake not the signs of the tune it wdl he a j;lri"OU one in (he history of the Republic. When the sun of iis first morning alnll ari.c, il will le-aui upon corrupt horde of party lenders, reveling in Ilu spoils of victory, and slcutiug insanely o'er the triumphs of War hill the declining rays of its last day will not have laded from the lull tops until Peace has smiled upon the land its Cotnliluliou nod laws been vindicated and its tyrants banished forever. Willi joy ntid wi(h confidence we shall had the advent of F.igli-teen Hundred and Forty Light. Lnan liaxttte. Li mi's Hi. iioiimtmi F.-nnrnitwriT. Mr. William Lemeii is literally sweeping lie lloeks from a thousand hills," nt Ins extensive Slaughter llusu iienrlhe Columbus slreel Brnfre. Five hundred sheep per day nre kdied, cut up, boiled up, and tallow ren- Icrcd, (he pells prepared lor market, and the hams trimmed for pickling. The process is rapid ns ''skinning eels," nnd Mr. L. is serving l,tuiil so, nn contract. The sheep nre purchased in .Northern Ohm, at prices ranging from .i,ifO to $'.',ii) per head, accoid-ing to sue and fatness. Mr. Lemeii lias slaughtered a large number of Cattle and Hogs this season, nnd will continue the " bloody work" to order, lie his all the apporlcn-aiices nod convetiiencies for expeditiously transfer-i ii if anuiiils to harerls, mid Ins Brand us Inspector is known far and Wide to be " A No. I." CUrtiand Hrr. Our Correspondent--31r. Clay. Wo admit the communication of our correspondent ' Luijahogat although tho writer says some things therein that wc would not say, and some others as we would not say them. We admit it to our columns In cause wc know the writer to be an ardent Whig ; and because we believe he feels what he writes, and writes upon a topic of great and common interest to all Ihe people of the Stule. It is important that the Whigs uf the various portions of the State should fully know and understand the feeling of their political brethren in other sections ; and this can best be done by a free interchange of sentiments. We should r.ot feel ourselves warranted in saying, as does our correspondent, that " Mr. Clay is unques tionably desirous lo be again a candidate for the presi dency." We do not think such desire is fairly inferable, much less rendered unquestionable, by any thing he has snid, or done. That desire is imputed to hnri by his enemies, personal and political, to break the force of what he has said. We have great confidence in the sincerity of Mr. Clay's declaration, that for himself ho has no desire on the subject and will yield his consent tn the use of his name, only on tho consideration Ihut he shall bo urged to do so by the unmistakable expression of the wishes of a majority of his fellow citizens. Whether such an expression will be given, remains to be seen ; and whether it bo given or be withheld, should not in the least impair the force of the counsels which, at the urgent solicitation of gentlemen from various sections of the country, he has seen fit to impart upon great national questions which now n git ale the public mind. The age of Mr. Clay his experience in public affairs the position he has occupied in the country and Ins long and ardent devotion to her best interests, eminently qualify him , for forming correct opinions upon matters of public J interest; and the history of his past life should shield A,,,,,, a , ....,. . . 1 VVi:iM:si)AV EVENING, December 1, 1H4T. him from the imputation of being influenced in the formation and expression of his sentiments by any considerations personal to himself. i he commendations bestowed upon Ohio's distin guished Senator arc in the main well enough. Rut wu are sure, could that Senator's feelings have been consulted, he would desire nu praise, no commendation, nlthc expense of the fair fame or honorable bearing of Hkniiv Ci.av. We do not undertake to prescribe the termt in which tlione who may honor us with their correspondence shall express iheir views and sentiments ; and allude to those employed by our correspondent " I nuahtwa. only to say that insofar as they may be regarded as re- -ciuig in an unkind manner upon .Mr. Clay, tliey are nut such as we ourselves should employ. llelu Luthiiin. We are gratified to learn, as we do by a telegraphic despatch this morning from Cleveland, lhal our friend B. Latham, Lq , passed a comfortable ntght, and is pronounced decidedly better this morning. This will be welcome news to his numerous friends throughout the Slate. New Telegraph Line The poles for the telegraphic wires from Chillicothe to Columbus ore erected, and the wires will be furnished in a few days ; so that " (he aucent metropolis," w ul be put in instant communication with the Capi-itol a consummation much to be desired by business men and news-mongers. 3j" We ore reminded of ihe near approach of the session of the Legislature, by the arrival in town of several members elect. Gov. U i: n b is also in the city ; and every thing indicates a prompt application to business, on the part of the public agents. We shall pro. hamy hive a than session, and a busy one. I Ins is what the people desire, and what (hey have a right to expect. (lj"Tlie Fremont Trial is slowly progressing at Washington. There appears to be no prospect of a speedy termination. Nu new or interesting facts have been elided since our last notice; tho whole appears to have become an investigation of personal piques. HyThe young Whigs of Pittsburgh held a meeting on (health for the organization of the parly for the campaign of 1HH. A resolution was adopted, reconi- tiding lo the Whigs in Congress to call a National Convention on tho -Ith day of next July at Pittsburgh. Oppo tition was expressed to the acquisition of any territory as the result of the present war, and uncompromising hostility declared to tho extension of tho boundaries of Slavery. Qj We notice that Hviiuk Km Bocnsr, Esq., for merly of this Stale, and son of Col. James Kilbourne, Ins been nominated by the Locofocns of Milwaukie, ns a candidate for Delegate to tho Convention to frame a Constitution for Wisconsin. The Stnte Convention Candidate fur (.over norHenry Clny-Thomas Corwin Sla very VhfK Opinlous, Ac. Ci.kvei.akd, Nov. 2(i, 17. Mr. Eoitoh: It is a matter of some importance to those who are delegated by tho Whigs of the several counties to attend the Stnte Convention, to have it at a season the most convenient and comfortable. There are some objections lo holding the Convention in February next. The Legislature will not probably be in session ; and the roads will in all probability be so muddy as to be almost impassable. Our brethren of the Democratic party will tie in session for State purposes, on the ever memorable 8th of January ; (and that day belongs to us as much as to llmm,) and why not hold the Whig Convention on ll'nlnmdinj , the twelfth day of January f Can a more suitable time be fixed upon i Let the people ana the press sneak oul. nnd let Ihe day be fixed upon, and Ihe delegates ap pointed, anu lor one l siiouia lie ginu u every county in the Stnte would pans resolutions expressive of tho views of Ihe Wings upon the quest ons of Ihe War, Territory, Slavery. A'C. so that the Convention mny take a high and commanding position before the country, and sustain the most excellent address put forth by the Slate Central Committee Insl summer, and en dorsed by the Whigs at the ballot box, on Ihe 2d Tuesday of Inst October. The great questions which now agitate the people of this country must bo met by the people, and that too without any uodoino. And, if the Whigs would maintain their vnntiige ground, they must speak fur Freedom with a loud, determined and emphut'c voice. This I doubt not they win uo. Phe papers nnd their correspondents, I have noticed are naming divers gentlemen ns candidates for Governor. Now, 1 suppose, if the unconquerable andever-at-the-ballot-box Whigs of the Itestrte, can present one of their own number to tho W higs of the Slate as a candidate, who is 41 without spot or guile," who has long been known ns a sound and judicious h-gis. lator, and a steadfast W hig, that the Whigs of other portions of Ohio, will make no objections lo such a presentment, but will nominate (Jen. HKAIIURV FORD, nn tho Wing candidate. Gen. F. has been with us in v ictory and in defeat, and hit loch hat ntrer are, lie is too well known to the people to need The Editor of Ihe Ohio Stale Journal must have a care how he uses the term of " benighted," when speaking of this county, and graceh-ns sou,' when speaking of our neighbor. H creation's. Holmes county is considered the great lard lamp of Democracy, nnd he of the Farmer its tender, shedding its clear and refulgent rays nil over "kingdom come." We were tdd by a public declaimer on Ihe evening of Hie jollification over Polk's election, that the poor exile on the snow clad plains of Siberia knew nil ahmit Holmes county, so great and wide spread was the fnue it had gained by its steadfastness in (lie cause of Democracy. " Yea," said the speaker, rising on tiptoe, Ihe Angels of Heaven are (his night rejoicing with the l)e. inoeriey of H'duies county nver tins victory." We think the last idea rather far fetched, but still Holmes is a great county. I hi mi t County Whig. Mr. J. R Stafford of Cleveland, Ohio, is the invn. tor f a new process of trnrllinc moisture fnm ftrrnd- ttujVt, without changing their coloi, quahly or flavor, wlneli has elicited Ihe approbation of intelligent men nnd lo winch the Amcm-an Institute awarded a gold d il. The midline is a cylinder, armed with 11 niges. revolving m a trough, ami stenin is the healing ngent used. Ilu condensed sieaui is used tor feeding I ho boiler and Ihe hent is rcgulu'ed by a salety valve. e are mtoruu d thai corn meal dried by this press hns keen pronounced bv iiersons in this market accustomed to Ihe nrtiole, to be superior to any other which had come under their notice. Meal ground in Ohio, and dried in this way, we nre told, has been transported by lake anil canal bonis lo this city, detain- if here ns well ns on the route tor a lornr tune and then shipK'd for Liverpool, where it has commanded the highest market rates. I he Ue Is bear strong testimony to the utihtv of the invention, which we commend to the attention of nur oiiuuercial readers. .Wir l or CnuriVr 4 Fmjuirtr fathers mourn the loss nf sons. You ask lliein where nre they t They died in a foreign land they poured ill their hie s lilood on llie pim-lieri sands nt Mexico : or they were cut in pieces, ami their bleeding hearts still throbbing with lite, exhibited a speclahle to (he barbarous soldiery. The treasure (hat is spent is noth-imr, rompareil with Ihe havoc of human life. Oh, the shrieks nud ng'Uiies the rage nnd haired the wounds nnd curses of the hntile-tichls semi up to us a terri ble wnruing. Are we the friends of pence and of man we should put a stop to this impious, unjust nud murderous war. Ratiith Fooov The difference between the weather in tins country and F.ngland may he judged of from a fact winch we see staled in a London letter, written on the lid instant The writer says that thenhVe on-copied by him is called a figA' room; yet, he adds, " I am now writing, at Vi, noon, with two large can. dies, and can scarcely tee what 1 writs," Stutrurd's Dryer nud Cooler Wc yesterday quoted a paragraph relntivc to this in vention ; this morning the ngent of the invention called upon us, and left in our possession some pamphlets continuing letters from millers who have used the Dry- er, one of whom, Mr. Leonard, of Llyria, says it was never known to fail in accomplishing the object for which it is recommended the drying and cooling of Hour, meal and gram, for their preservation. If the invention is entirely successful, as has been said, we conceive it to be ol sutficieut importance to call the attention of our millers to it. The pamphlets can be hid by calling at this office. Tho agent, Mr. J. II. Bartlctf, will visit this city again, in the course of a few weeks ; in the menntime, should any of our mil li rs wuh further information in relation to the invention, they can obtain it by addressing the iuventor, Mr. J. R. Station), Cleveland. Lnto Arrival from .Mexico. Dates from Vera Crux, up to the Iditi Nov., bring information that the Mexican Deputies were gathering at the new scat of government, (ueretaro. The session was opened, and a tmjority of the de leg ties present voted in favor of llerera for President. San Luis voted for HioU Anna. Puna y Pena and Almonte were also candidates. It was rumored at Ojieretara that a plot had been discovered having for its object a division of Mexico with two great Slates to be annexed to the United States. Humbug. 'Phe Arm Irtt. a Vera Crux piper, says that the Mexican force now in the field numbers 30,000 effective men. The tram under Gen. Patterson, which left Vera Cruxsnme timesince, had reached the National Bridge without being molested by the guerrill.il. It is reported that a serious outbreak has occurred among thu Mexicans in the Slate of Jalisco. Tho authorities of Guadalaxira, tho capital uf that State, had made a requisition up in the clergy for money, which waa denied, and the authorities appealed loarui to force tho contribution, ijjveral billies had been fought, but the result was not known. Il is said that three of the Mexican States have de clared in favor of establishing a monarchy, and a son of Iturbide the Emperor of IHjl, has been selected to fill the throne. The report g.es on to say that any comiiiemla'ion. We doubt not that the " Miami tribe tho ".Mad river trappers and the .Muskingum and Scioto and Ohio river Whigs, nod the dwellers in the North Western territory, all, all will go fur Gen, r . wnen iney meet in convention. The speecli and the resolutions of Henry Clay have been published and read here The people do not discover that Mr. Clay hns taken any new positions, or that his resolutions occupy new ground, The truth is, Mr. Clay, at the tlermth hour, has fallen into the wake of that man of might, the true moral hern of our own State, THOMAS CORWIN. And to tho noble and eloquent wagon boy ol Ohio, belongs the credit and the honor of nrousing the people of this country lo a just sense of the injustice of llie "unnatural war" we nre now waging against Mexico. Thomas Corwin took the tend, und lo him, more limn to any other man, belongs the credit of speaking words of truth and soberness, and of standing up in Ins place in llie Senate chamber of his nation, (he rrra tmlmdimrnt of the moral sense of the Irue patriots of the country. Cokwi is entitled to the eirie irrrath, nnd 1 hope a fiee people will awnrd it to him in IMi. Mr. Clay is unquestionably desirous to be again n candidate for Ihe Pesidency. Mr. Clay has many friends, and he has many and bitter enemies. For tj years lie has been a candidate defroted. He has many Kplen did qualifications he has done his country much service. He is now more than three score years and ten he is an old man nnd he must be gathered to his fathers, without being President of n Republic, to whose interests he has devoted his talents, Ins genius, and his eventful life. He cannot be President, been use the people will not elect him. He is not the man for Young dmerirn. lie is in the shade of that light of glorious freedom, which has dawned upon this people and this age. He does not belong to the new -gene ration. He belongs to the "party of recurrence to the past," and not in the " parly of progress." 'Phe elections in Ohio, New York and Massachusetts, settled this much as lo the next Presidency no man who is not out and out opposed to the extension of slavery, or of making any territory hereafter tn be acquired free territory, can lie elected President of these United States. This Government was instituted for the purpose nf spreading the blessings of civil liberty of personal frceihm and the people of tl.e free Stab's have determined that its original purposes shall no longer be set at naught. The Whigs of the East, North, and West, are now united in their determined opposition to Ihe extension of slavery. No human power can change this opposition. It is right. It is in accordance with the principles or our declaration with the spirit of our Government, and the genius of our institution. Yours trill, CUYAHOGA. The Move Trade Liberia. The Iter Dr. Humphrey, late President ot Amherst College, delivered a lecture on Sunday week, in New York, upon the subject of African Colonization, from which we gather the fact lhal the new Republic of Liberia is governed entirely by colored men no white holds any office, civil or military, in the government. There are, within the bounds of the republic, twenty-three churches, and one-third of the entire population are communicants. Two newspapers are published st Liberia. The laws compel tiie parents to send their children to school between (he nge nf five and twelve. 1 he population is about of which near one half are euiancipatedslaves. During Ihe course of Ins leclurp, Dr. 11. stated the following facta relative to the slave trade : Sir Thomas Buxton, Ihe Wilberforee of the present age, has ascertained, by careful investigation, tint w hile thirty years ago, HO.000 slaves were annually landed on Ihe American continent, there are now yoO,-000, and the losses on the passage equal to J lo per cent. ; so that ihe whole number abstracted from Af rica annually, cannot be less than half a million--as many of her children, thus yearly torn from her soil. as are contained in the cities of New York and Bos ton : and in forty years, an amount equal to llie whole of the United Slate. These are literally packed, like so many herring, without room, during the whole passage, to sit upright or stand, and only eleven inches in widtli allowed to each. Sir Thomas Buxton shows tint no trade can be suppressed by legislation, whose profits equal ;10 per cent.; and the profits of the Slave trade actually equal 100 per cent. But, he said, even in this state of things, Colomiatiou alfirds the highest ground to expect, lhal this drendl'til traffic will be abolished. The Colony of Liberia has already driven the trade, with the exception of one factory, from more tbun!MJ miles of what was "llie Slave Const," emphatically. She was thus a mighty guardian angel, whose outstretched wings shielded more than iUIII miles nf coast, slfording surer protection to its inhabitants than the combined fleets of Grenl Britain and America. And what she had done in her infancy and her poverty, for she was poor, might be done, with our aid, on the 40011 miles of ihe Western Coast of Africa, where this horrible wickedness is perpetrated From Wnsliirifttoii Cltr, Coireipondence of llioN. Y. Commercial Advertiser. Washinuton, Nov. Sfith. The organixntinn of the House of Representative!, nt the opening of the thirtieth Congrost, is now a topic of much interest. The universal belief is that the Wing members elect will go into caucus for Ihe pur pose of selecting a Speaker, and lhal their uimtunnty will not be disturbed by any apprehended future dissension in regard lo (lie war and the proviso. Mr W mthrop snd Mr. Vinton are still the caiidulntes mot spoken of, and both of these shnre the sentiments expressed by Mr. Webster and Mr. Clay in regard lothe war and slavery question. The choice of either of those irrntlemrn. or indeed of Mr. Bolls or Mr, Pendleton, both nf whom hive been spoken of, would show that the Whigs intend lo act as a parly during the thirtieth Congress, and du- 1 4,nu ,,,,. .d boon ,,.r.r,d U... V. to ,ffM - " " "" TZ this object. This, wo do not doubt, is mere rumor. Mh. Editor You observed the other day, in the columns of the Journal, tint you were not aware whe ther tho advertised war meeting ot Saturday evening, came elf, or whether the thing "filled By a refe rence to tho Statttman of Monday, you will find that it did " fill " to Ihe extent uf several columns of that heet. Tur. Prksiokut itin tiik IIoubk. Should the elee- tinu of President devolve upon the next House of Rep. resentalivcs, it will be seen by the following lliat nei ther party would at first be found in the majority Vermont, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Florida, New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Delaware, Connvcticut, Kentucky, North Carolina, Maryland. Wul I'i. Illinois, Missouri, South Carolina, Michigan, Texas, Virginia, Indiana, Iowa, Tennessee, Arkansas, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Main. Total 14 F.ouutiy Utrtdcd. Georgia, New Hampshire, Rhode Island. Total J. The LaoittATiiHKur Vlrrost. previous to its ad inurnment on Monday week, pasted, Nnanimoiisu, a loint resolution, instructing the delegation in Congress from that Slate to use their inllueiice to procure the repeal of the last act uf Congress relating tu newspaper postage. Mr. Corwin and his True Positions. We find the letter of Mr. Cokwin, explaining the true grounds of his opposition to the Mexican War, which is hereto subjoined, in the Illinois Journal ol leth of Nv,, published nt Springfield. lhal Loc.ohjcoM should misiepreseut llie positioiisof Mr. Conn in, wus scarcely to be wondere l at; but even Whigs IBvi misconceived and misrepresented them. Kven Whigs, or men and presses calling tin m-selves Whigs, have elmrm-d or insinuated thut Mr. Corwin would abandon our soldiers in Mexico, nnd lenve them to starve and perish in a foreign land Heaven pity those who say so ignormilly. Heaven (or give those who suy so wickedly. As stated in Mr. Corwin's own letter below, his object in withholding supplies, was not to deny every comfort to our soldiers, but to prevent the prosecution of an aggressive war; and the policy he proposed was precisely that recommended by Gen. Tavlob, to hold a deli nmve line, for which he wus willing to vole any supplies tie-ecHsary. Truth and Justice will st last prevail; am Mr Cnrw'm will be acknowledged one of our firs Statesmen and Patriots. Cin. ,'ltlat. Lkhanon, Ohio, Oct. 2(i, ld47. Dtar Sir'. I received your kindly letter and soon after a copy of a paper continuing the strictures on nr. speecli, iVc I have been of late, so accustomed lose-my words, spoeches and voles, so much perverted, misrepresented, nnd sometimes 1 urn sure wilfully, lha' this recent attempt dtd not at all surprise me. Ft r your timely correction of it in this case, 1 am greiilh obliged to you, not merely 1 hope on my own account, but for the sake of truth, Wfiy do not those who affect so much indignation nt what Ihey nre pleased to denominate treason,' pub lisll the Hpeecfi on which the charge islounueUf Ilu they dare not do, as it would at once slump the charge Willi lulsehoud. It w ill be found thai I only contend 1st. That the war was unnecessary, nnd on our par unjust. For this 1 have the uulliorily of Messrs. Ben ton, Calhoun and Ihe late Silas Wright. Md. That Congress, the only power under the enn stitutiou capable of declaring war, has, necessarily the power lo put an end lo it. For this 1 only appea to the constitution, and refer to Mr. Webster's lull speecli nt Springfield, showing this is a point not disputable.lid. As I saw no good result coming from the further prosecution ot the war, justice to Mexico, as well ns to ourselves, required that we should cease to light and so grant no supplies for further ofrgrtntico Miitnurrs. 1 nui sometimes charged with wishing to "starve the soldier in the field." Is there any one so ignorant, us not to know, tint Ihe supplies a-ked for lust winter, were not to feed the troops in Mexico, or to sustain them on their return, hut to equip and furnish tho men, who have been fighting under Scott, in s cum-paign not begun until utter Congress adjourned. 1 repeatedly linked of those favorable to the war, lo bring in a bill to support Taylor s army then nt Meniere y, holding (as Taylor himself recommended) the territory we then had, nud stopping there und tendering peace to Mexico. This they refused to do, and insisted on storming Ihe " Hulls of llie Monteziimiis," and asked men and money for that. They got ihetu, nod Ihey got the "Halls of ihe Moiiiezumns," and have (hey got n pence ? They snid Ihey would d c-late it from the Capital. I said they would not cmiid not. Was my prophecy, or theirs, the true one f No they have got rivers of blood, a mountain uf debt, but no peace. I shall send no reply tn tins or nny oih- r attack. My own State, at the recent election, Inis fully vindicated my course. With this I am content to leave the matter to the calm judgment of thinking men. Truly your friend. THO. CORWIN. A. T. Br.EiisoK, Efl., Springfield, 111. From the Louisville Kiaminer. I' fleet of .llr. Clny's Speech on Kcutuckiiias. There are s one incidents, connected with the de livery of the speech, which show the spirit ot the man and the occasion, and which (several uorrespoti- denis having noticed them,) we desire to put on the rccoru. The parts of Mr. Clay's speech that elicited the most applause were those, winch announced that he would have died rather than have voted for a lie, (re- fcrntig to the preamble uf the war Oct) and which denounced slavery sod the extension of sUvery. vv uen aoout to introduce tiie laltersutiject, he puis-d, and in his deepest voice, and most impressing man ner, said : I regard slavery as a great evil (rrenllv to be de- plon d nud, 1 will add, fraught with injustice to our ie I low-beings who are the subjects of il." Long, earnest, and denfening applause followed this announcement. " Ihe dullest heart, says one cor. correspondent, "wou d have beat tiimultiioiisly." I wanted when he said this, declares one ardent an (J true hearted Kentuekiau, lo give a yell that would wake the nation." The orator catching the full forre of llie feeling a- round him, and rising Willi llie occasion, affirmed uilh deeper euiphais, mid more stirring eloquence : " filly years ago, I ndvocnled the adoption of the Pennsylvania scheme of Emancipation, and had il been made the law, we should have been eiilMTly rid of (he i'vu ot ni ivcry. And with ihe amied experience, oti servatiftu and reflection of these filly years, I regret I deeply regret ami deplore that that sciieme s wioe, no politic, so jnul, hid not been adopted ; ron mj ormos sow axe rniit ielv what Tiitr wkh; tiii: si," The enthusiasm here was seemingly at its height " J clapped, danced, sod shouted," snvs one UiiialK sober. " I felt like a boy, so glnd was 1 to hear r Keiiluekian, talking out so bravely for freedom." add:. another of our gravest adieus. "1 tell you iu friend," affirms a young Emancipator, " Old Hal (Gui' Mens him !) h i" this day done a work for anti-sUvrrj in the South, which will do wonders." But I roin nil accounts Democratic as well as Wi tho most exciting scene of sll was, when Mr Clay read and took the vote upon the seventh resolution Here lie paused, as he did in his speech, and ratsim his Intl form lo its utmost height, uttered a short sp peal "which thrilled every heart." I am uhout lo offer a resolution on another suhict 1 hope that this audience 1 trusl that this people wi have hearts will sustain it Their honor calls for a response. The common justice winch animates anb unites them, dt mn nils that Ihey should repudiate the thought of acquiring territory lor the purpose of extending the evil of slavery." I he uudience wailed not for the resolution I The knew what it was! And as one man, a deafening cheer rang out, "No robbery," any how, snid one. " No robbery for slavery lenst of all," exclaimed another. " And," saysone of our correspondents, " the cheer told me, as I would tell the world, tint Ken lucky never wus, and never will be a propaganda of slavery, or the server or defender of any prupugnndni." Silence was restored, and Mr. Clay read the seventh resolution. Shout followed shout upon its adoption ! It seeinr d as if Ihe pent up feelings of tho crowd had, f.-r tho Hrst lime, an opportunity to flow oul, and be expressed. The occasion was literally revelled in. "1 behaved like a boy," sad a friend to us, whose heart is devoted to the cause of freedom. I was drunk with joy, as 1 heard Henry Clay speak against slavery as he did." Such were Ihe signs, unwritten yet spoken, wit nessed at Lexington ; and what bode they What is their iniMirtt That he is the man of the people tcho ir ill boldly titter himtrlf on thet tubjtct of tlumryfr the people. Tliey know its injustice. They feel its wrong. And they will hail him as a deliverer who will h i up Ins voice wisely and testify by his example, a gaunt this injustice nnd wrong. The 0iuth leant s na stare titmsion, or tin re Territory. Let those, t!r-wArrr, w ho are (or I hi r. boil, but do thtir duly, nnd never will Ihe curse blacken foot of Mexican laud by our consent. We could give fuller details, as our correspondence is full, loo full to be used, but we prefer with this brief ski tch of some of the tignt nf (he limes, ns seen on (he i:!:h, at Lexington, tu lei Mr. Clay explain and s peak for himself. From IVrley in (be Bottnn Adas. Br.funrR A Phistkr. " And were you really printer, Monsieur lb-ranger?" suid 1 to the i:hmin-nier, as we sat ehullrring in h s htlle breakfast room, at Ptr, one lind morning in May Inst. "That I was,aud a famous one too; nor do I ever take up a biwk without scanning (he title page, for I nl-wnysexrelleil in composing title pnges. Iliiudhills,too, used to like to work upon, and well remember one b'ue Mnndai, when all alone in the office, poring ovi r nu odd volume of poetry, an old farmer came in with nn order for some Auction placards. Though I had not been m the oilier three mouths, I took the Composing slick in hand, then locked up my form, put it to prcm, and by stepping upon a stool u ily the trinket, wotkul off (he job presenting my master the next morning with a specimen, and the money I had received. He was so plensed, good mnn, Hint hegsve m Ihe money and a half a day lo spend it in and a happy half day it was. At St. Louis the arrangements for slaughtering this season nre more ample than Ihey have ever been before. The Republican says that one nf Ihe houses is sufficiently Grgo to hang at one lime H01I hojn , m con licet M'li Willi w Inch n beef house is constructed, cnp.ibh-nf hanging tfotl head at a tune, The miis adj unti will hold ii or liiltHI hend. At another house pn pin turns are made lor killing ami hanging up daily (in hogs und no beeves; nud in another for killing one hanging daily P00 to 1000 hog and lUO toliou Wives lliuii Watfhs The streams of the eountry surrounding us are very high, and some little ininry ha been done to the ungalhercd corn crops on the hw b 'tlom farms of Ihe lllsuchard portions of Potnni. possihly he elected, by t mixed vole of Whigs and county. We have not heard of any srous inennven Democrats. ienee in tins county. The waters of southern Glut In the Senate there Is tn be some opposition to the I are said to he very hich.spprnnrhmg nenilv l" t lie uu present secretary, Mr. Dickens, but I think Without j prered nied ifood o) January Inst. Considerable dam much e fleet, unless a number of candidates should be age has been done on different streama to null proper brought forward. ly, canals, roads, &.Q. i'mdiuj ttvurur. policy. Mr. John B. Clark, of New York, who was formerly in Congress, and who was distinguished for Ins lesions and aide services here as chairman of the central Whig committee of correspondence, in ln-10, is the lending candidate for the clerkship of (he House. Mr. Clark a services will be much needed here, by Ihe Whig party, in the next contest ; and, for that reason, he has been solicited to accept the olhce. II is very probable that the Whigs may, with some few exceptions, determine, in caucus, to vote for Mr. (.'lark. Mr. Adams has. it is said, promised In vote for the Democratic candidate, llie present incumbent, and the Votes of other W hig members have been claimed as promised to him, but probably without sufficient loumlatmn. Mr. Clark is unnncstioitaMy the leading candidate of the Whig party, and he, if any one, can obtain a nomination in caucus. Hut it has been lately rumored that Mr. Clark will be held in reserve for the station of U. 8. Senator from New York, and will not ho a candidate for the clerkship- In this case, Mr Nsthnn Snrgeanl, of Philadelphia, will have a very good chance, Mug, as 1 learn, supported by the influence of Mr. Clay. Many of the Whig members wish to nominate in caucus all Ihe elective officers of the House, and others wish to confine the decision nf the caucus to the srlee. lion of a Speaker alone. In this case, Mr. Matthew St. Clair Clark, or Mr. Band. L. Gmiverneur mny