Designed by Myzina Marina
Form: 10”A”
Center of Education
№1428
Сontents:
Introduction
Theoretical part:
•
Geography and state system
•
History
•
Climate
•
Economy
•
Language
•
Education
•
Religion
•
Museums and Libraries
Practical part:
•
Questions for the discussion
•
Conclusion
Geography and state system

Canada is a country occupying most of the continent of
North America extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the
east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. It is the largest
country after Russia and the largest country in the Western
Hemisphere . It is the worlds second largest country by
total area,and shares land borders with the United States to
the south and northwest. Canada has ten provinces and
three territories, Canada is a parliamentary democracy and
a constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II as its
head of state. It is a bilingual and multicultural country,
with both English and French as official languages at the
federal level.
History

Native people had lived in what is now Canada for thousands of
years before the first Europeans arrived. They are known as the
First Nations and the Inuit people. First europeans arrived when
the Vikings settled briefly at L'Anse aux Meadows around AD
1000. Canada's Atlantic coast would next be explored by John
Cabot in 1497 for England and Jacques Cartier in 1534 for France.
French explorer Samuel de Champlain arrived in 1603 and
established the first permanent European settlements at Port
Royal in 1605 and Quebec City in 1608. Parts of Canada were
settled by France, and parts by England and Scotland. The French
usually had permission from the native people to live in their
country. On July 1, 1867, Canada became an independent
country. It included the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, New
Brunswick, and Nova Scotia.
Climate

Many people from other parts of the world
think of Canada as a very cold and snowy
place. And Most Canadians live in the
southern parts, where the weather is much
milder. Average winter and summer high
temperatures across Canada vary depending
on the location. Winters can be harsh in
many regions of the country, particularly in
the interior and Prairie provinces which
experience a continental climate, where daily
average temperatures are near −15 °C but
can drop below −40 °C (−40 °F) with severe
wind chills. In non-coastal regions, snow can
cover the ground almost six months of the
year (more in the north). Coastal British
Columbia is an exception and enjoys a
temperate climate with a mild and rainy
winter.
Economy

Canada is one of the world's wealthiest nations, with a
high per-capita income, and is a member of the
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD) and the G8. It is one of the world's
top 10 trading nations. Canada is a mixed market. Since
the early 1990s, the Canadian economy has been
growing rapidly with low unemployment and large
government surpluses on the federal level. Today this
contry closely resembles the U.S. in its market-oriented
economic system, pattern of production, and high living
standards. Canada is one of the few developed nations
that are net exporters of energy. Canada is one of the
world's most important suppliers of agricultural
products, with the Canadian Prairies one of the most
important suppliers of wheat, canola and other grains.
Canada is the world's largest producer of zinc and
uranium and a world leader in many other natural
resources such as gold, nickel, aluminium, and lead.
Language


Canada's two official languages are English
and French. English and French have equal
status in federal courts, Parliament, and in
all federal institutions. The public has the
right, where there is sufficient demand, to
receive federal government services in
either English or French, and official
language minorities are guaranteed their
own schools in all provinces and territories.
English and French are the mother tongues
of 59.7% and 23.2% of the population
respectively.
Some significant non-official first languages
include Chinese (853,745 first-language
speakers), Italian (469,485), German
(438,080), and Punjabi (271,220).
Although 85% of French-speaking
Canadians live in Quebec.
Education

The educational system in Canada is derived from the British and
American traditions and the French tradition, the latter particularly
in the province of Quebec. English or French is the language of
instruction, and some schools provide instruction in both official
languages. In Quebec, the French-Canadian tradition is followed
by the Roman Catholic schools. The province also maintains
Protestant schools, however, which are widely attended. Although
Canada does not have a central ministry of education, the federal
government provides schools for children of Native Americans on
reserves, inmates of federal penitentiaries, and the children of
military personnel.
Religion

The largest religious community in
Canada is Roman Catholic. Nearly half of
Canadians who are Roman Catholic live
in Quebec. Of the Protestant
denominations in Canada the largest is
the United Church of Canada, followed by
the Anglican Church of Canada. Other
important Protestant groups are the
Baptist, Presbyterian, Lutheran, and
Pentecostal. Nearly 2 percent of the
population are Eastern Orthodox, and
Muslim and Jewish adherents each
number about 1 percent. Immigration in
recent years has brought a substantial
number of Buddhists, Hindus, and Sikhs
to the country. Nearly 13 percent of
Canadians claim no religion.
Cathedral of St.John.
Museums and Libraries


Of Canada's more than 2100 museums,
archives, and historic sites, the most
important are in the National Capital Region.
These include, in Hull, Quebec, the Canadian
Museum of Civilization, which celebrates
Canada's multicultural heritage; and, in
Ottawa, the Canadian Museum of Nature, the
National Museum of Science and Technology,
and the National Gallery of Canada. The latter
exhibits European art, a growing collection of
Asian art, and a large body of work by
Canadians. The National Museum Policy
(1972) has encouraged and supported the
growth of regional museums.
The National Library of Canada, in Ottawa,
issues the national bibliography and
maintains union catalogs of the collections of
more than 300 other libraries. It’s holding,
including a comprehensive collection of
Canadian newspapers, exceed 14.5 million
items. Provinces and cities have their own
libraries.
The Royal Ontario Museum.
Practical part.
Questions for discussion

1.How many official languages are there in
Canada?

2.Who were the first Europeans who arrieved at
Canada?

3.What country does Canada closely resemble?

4.From what traditions is the Canadian system of
Education derived?

5.What is the largest religion community?
Conclusion
We were delighted to write on the subject in which we have a great
interest.
We did our best to talk about important matters in a clear and
simple way.
Sources of information:
http://youreng.narod.ru/canada.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada
Thank you for your attention!