Our last post discussed installing Apache and ColdFusion, as well as configuring your default instance for Apache access. Now it's time to create additional ColdFusion instances.

By default, ColdFusion (or, more appropriately, JRun) is only configured to utilize 512MB of RAM per instance, and is only capable of accessing 1024MB. This is due to a limitation of 32bit JVMs, and will someday be formerly addressed by Adobe. But that doesn't mean that you are necessarily restricted to only using 1GB of RAM for ColdFusion. You may define multiple instances of the server, each of which will address it's own memory space, it's own instance of the JVM, and it's own instance of ColdFusion (and JRun). Not only does this allow you to utilize more of the memory available to you today, in our high powered systems, but it will also sandbox applications that are separated into their own instances.

For instance: Let's say you have a dynamic template application. One that reads the requested URL and supplies customized content dependent upon the site identified. Any number of sites could be configured in a database, rendered by the same code, off of a single instance of ColdFusion (or a clustered set of instances, maybe). You could have a 'sites' instance of ColdFusion that served this content. Now, the same set of sites might require a backend administrator, or content management system, for the configuration of those sites. You might set this up on a single domain name, with users logging in to their specific set of tools and data. It would be it's own application, with dynamic options and data according to the user logging in. This might be placed in another 'control' instance of ColdFusion.

Setting up additional instances of ColdFusion is easy, but requires a small bit of manual effort when working with Apache. First of all, the connectors for JRun and Apache are not completed automatic, so you need to setup a few folders on the file system. Find the root directory for JRun. The default location is C:\JRun4. You are creating folder for the connectors, which will be located in the {JRun Root}\lib\wsconfig. Notice that there is already a subdirectory titled 1. This is the connector for your default ColdFusion instance. You'll want to create an empty subdirectory for each instance you setup, named exactly as you will name your instances. According to the above example, you want to create a 'sites' directory, and a 'control' directory.

Your next step requires logging into the ColdFusion Administrator of your default ColdFusion instance. In our last post we setup a url for accessing this, http://username.companyname.loc/CFIDE/Administrator. Once you've logged in, in the default instance (and only the default instance) you will see an option at the bottom of the menu for Enterprise Manager. You'll want to select this, and it's sub-item, Instance Manager. Here you will see a samples instance that is already defined, though disabled. This is the instance for running the sample applications that ship with ColdFusion. To create a new instance you simply select Add New Instance. This will bring up the new instance dialog. In the server name type 'sites' (exactly as you named the folder, including case) and select the Create Windows Service option, then hit Submit. That's it! ColdFusion automatically goes through a four step process to create your new instance, giving you status updates along the way. Once it's complete, go back to the Instance Manager and do the same thing for your 'control' instance.

OK, so you have new instances, but Apache still can't talk to them yet. We need to do a little more work on the Apache config before we can really start to play. The first thing you'll need to do here is locate the JRun Settings block in your httpd.conf. It'll look very similar to this:

Alright, some major points to notice here. Two big lines to look at for multiserver configuration stuff, the Serverstore and the Bootstrap. These will be different for each instance of ColdFusion. You probably already recognize most of the path in the Serverstore value. The 'control' and 'sites' instance folders that you had created will replace the 1 in your new definitions. The Bootstrap value comes from each instance's port setting in it's JRunProxyService. To get this value, go to that instance's jrun.xml file, located at C:\JRun4\servers\[instance name]\SERVER-INF\jrun.xml. Open this file and find the following service definition block:

Two things you need here. First, make sure that the deactivated attribute is set to false. Next, write down the port value. So, if you are in the jrun.xml of your 'control' instance, and the port is '51020', then write that down (control: 51020) and do the same for your 'sites' instance. Also remember that you will need to restart these instances after changing the deactivated attribute.

Next, let's break out the default ColdFusion instance specific information and place it inside it's own include config file. In your Apache conf directory, create a new file - cf_defaultinstance.conf. In this file we'll place those settings we want for our default instance:

Now username.companyname.loc is setup to use the default ColdFusion instance. Next, setup an include for your 'control' instance. In Apache's conf directory, create another config file - cf_controlinstance.conf. Remember those port numbers you wrote down from the jrun.xml files? It's in the Bootstrap:

ColdFISH is developed by Jason Delmore. Source code and license information available at coldfish.riaforge.org<VirtualHost 127.0.0.1:80> ServerAdmin username@companyname.com # Root folder for a 'control' instance DocumentRoot "C:\Documents and Settings\username\My Documents\wwwroot\admin" ServerName control.companyname.loc # Alias for /CFIDE, each CF instance has it's own CFIDE. # This is solely for our dev environment, and would not be a good practice # within a production environment Alias /CFIDE "C:/JRun4/servers/control/cfusion.ear/cfusion.war/CFIDE" <Directory "C:/JRun4/servers/control/cfusion.ear/cfusion.war/CFIDE"> AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog logs/control.companyname.loc-error.log CustomLog logs/control.companyname.loc-access.log common # SGB [072007]: Add include for the 'control' ColdFusion instance Include conf/cf_controlinstance.conf</VirtualHost>1<VirtualHost 127.0.0.1:80>2 ServerAdmin username@companyname.com3 # Root folder for a 'control' instance4 DocumentRoot "C:\Documents and Settings\username\My Documents\wwwroot\admin"5 ServerName control.companyname.loc6 # Alias for /CFIDE, each CF instance has it's own CFIDE.7 # This is solely for our dev environment, and would not be a good practice8 # within a production environment9 Alias /CFIDE "C:/JRun4/servers/control/cfusion.ear/cfusion.war/CFIDE"10<Directory "C:/JRun4/servers/control/cfusion.ear/cfusion.war/CFIDE">11 AllowOverride All12 Order allow,deny13 Allow from all14</Directory>15 ErrorLog logs/control.companyname.loc-error.log16 CustomLog logs/control.companyname.loc-access.log common17 # SGB [072007]: Add include for the 'control' ColdFusion instance18 Include conf/cf_controlinstance.conf19</VirtualHost>

Notice the different path for the CFIDE folder. Each created instance will have a unique CFIDE. Also notice that I changed the DocumentRoot path, to reflect the root of the application I'll use with the instance. Now that you've setup your 'control' instance, config, and VirtualHost, you can do the same thing for your 'sites' instance. Just watch your port value, Serverstore path, and CFIDE and DocumentRoot paths.

This entry was posted on July 23, 2007 at 10:01 AM and has received 8731 views. There are currently 10 comments.
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Appreciate the meticulous detail you've gone through, but I just have a general comment.

I've had CF7 Multi-server and now CF8 Multi-server running locally using Apache virtual hosts and I didn't have to do nearly this much work. For the most part, it just worked for me. I think I maybe had to add 1 line to httpd.conf to get things working. And obviously I had to set up my virtual hosts in httpd-vhosts.conf, but that's it.

Looks like you might have missed using JRun's Web Server Config tool that connects CF to Apache. Cheers!

Actually JRun's Web Server Config tool is pretty useless when defining multi-instance. Unlike with IIS, you can't use the Config utility to point to specific domains with specific instances. All you can really do is say "here's my Apache config file."

Many people setup a multi-instance config in their dev environment without actually creating any additional instances, and the ColdFusion installation will setup the 'default' cfusion instance automatically. That's fine, if you want everything to run under your 'default' cfusion instance, but when you have a valid reason for running multiple instances you absolutely have to jump through the hoops I've outlined here.

Believe me when I tell you, if there were an easier way I would have found it. We had a lot of 'false starts' along the path of getting things configured properly, and you would be surprised how many times we went "Hey, it worked a minute ago," only to find out that a domain was pointed at the incorrect instance, or that someone had forgotten to include both case specific and lower case UNC paths.

Actually, I spoke too soon. You are absolutely correct. I have multi-server installed, but I wasn't actually using more than the default instance. Your post all becomes clear now as I actually try to make use of my newly created instances. Yep, indeed, the config tool is useless.

Great series of posts! I've come across while searching for some help on when installing a hotfix on a CF8 multi instance install how to go about that and what service to restart. At work we have applied a hotfix on a specific CF instance named "server1" where the CF8 application sits that needs the hotfix (fix for cfdocument). Do we need to apply it there and not on a global instance (if there is such as one)? What service do we go about restarting? Just the service for that specific server instance?

Been having trouble figuring out how to go about this and figured with your series of posts on the multi CF instance install you would have some experience with this. Hope all is well. Keep up the great posts!

@Javier - Hotfixes are funny within a multi-instance setup, in that you do need to apply the hotfix to each instance independently. You only need to restart the instance to which you applied the hotfix.

You get two services by default when you first install the multi-server install:

Thanks for the clarification! Much appreciated! We got the same default instances so now I know they come with the install and we applied the hotfix on the specific instance and restarted that. Thanks again for the help.