“From the 14th to the 19th century, scurvy took the lives of millions annually in Europe and Asia. From 1600 to 1800, it is estimated that fully a million English sailors succumbed to this disease. In the early history of these pandemics the designations “Plague” and “Black Death” were used…the characteristic symptoms: multiple hemorrhages under the skin (red, purple and black spots and hematoma) and [hemorrhages] from all mucous membranes—gastrointestinal, pulmonary and genitourinary…”