The existence of organelles itself helped us understand and improve our lives. Scientist recently discovered a new way to reduce aging. They did an experiment on insects by "breaking down damaged mitochondria and removing them from cells" (Lant). This has extended and improved the lifespan in insects. They will later see if it will work on humans as well. Due to the knowledge about organelles (such as mitochondria), we can improve and understand more about ourselves.

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Daniel. L

9/12/2017 05:29:41 pm

An example of a lysosome in the real world are recycling centers or recycling trucks. Lysosomes are a special type of vesicle made in the rough ER. They break down and recycle sugars and proteins, kind of like how a recycling truck is from a recycling center, and they break down and recycle paper and plastic.

http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_lysosome.html

An example of the golgi complex in the world is a shipping company, or a post office. The golgi complex takes proteins from a vesicles and either stores them for later or packages them for transport OUT of the cell. A post office would sort and store the letters, and package packages for shipping.

An example of the nucleus in the real world would be a control center or an executive's office. The nucleus holds the cell's DNA, which controls everything that happens in that cell. The nucleus is also where ribosomes are formed. This is like an executive's office because the boss or executive would control the everything that happens at the workplace, what to do and at what time. The boss would also hire the workers, that complete a certain task, like how the nucleus is where ribosomes are formed, and they produce proteins. Also the CEO's office would generally have more security than the other offices, like how the nucleus is protected by a two-layered nuclear membrane.

http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_nucleus.html

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Ellen. T

9/13/2017 07:05:09 pm

A example of organelles that occur in real life is a disorder called Achondrogenesis which is caused by a lack of organelles causing a malfunction in the Golgi Apparatus cells. Since the Golgi cells package and transport molecules out of the cell, without these actions the body cannot function properly. Most babies born with this genetic disorder die at birth but there were some babies that lived for a few days after. Infants with Achondrogenesis usually have a small head, short arms and legs, and a narrow chest because of the fact that the body does not produce enough growth hormone, causing malformations in the human skeletal system. This is just one of the many ways organelles affect us in our real life.

A man named Lynn Margulis created a theory explaining the origins of organelles in eukaryotic cells, such as mitochondria. The theory allowed for the idea that mitochondria were once their own organism, possibly a type of bacteria. The scientific community was very skeptical about this, but later on evidence was found too prove this is actually likely to be true.

Mitochondria have their own cell membranes, just like prokaryotic cells do. Bacteria have a section within them that contain their DNA genome, mitochondrion also have this circular section within them albeit much smaller. This DNA is even passed from the mitochondrion to it's offspring, and even when mitochondria reproduce they multiply by pinching themselves in half. All these aspects make it seem very similar to some prokaryotic bacteria.

However right now mitochondria isn't some prokaryotic cell. It is theorized that it could no longer survive the way it did, so it's evolved into something that depends on other parts of a eukaryotic cell.

An example of how mitochondria would work in a city are wind turbines. The turbines catch the wind's energy with their blades, and gears inside of the turbine increase the rotation and speed that allows the turbine's generator to produce AC electricity. This resembles mitochondria because it also breaks down food molecules to make ATP (energy). Without energy, the cell wouldn't function and neither would the city.

I feel that many parts of the computer can represent parts of the cell.
For one, the nucleus, like the central processing unit (CPU), controls the activity of the cell and includes the basic code that encrypts our operating system. The motherboard in our computers resembles the vesicles that transport information across the cell. Mitochondria represents the battery that holds energy that is used by the computer. These are some computer parts that represent organelles in cells.

I feel that many parts of the computer can represent parts of the cell.
For one, the nucleus, like the central processing unit (CPU), controls the activity of the cell and includes the basic code that encrypts our operating system. The motherboard in our computers resembles the vesicles that transport information across the cell. Mitochondrion represents the battery that holds energy that is used by the computer. These are some computer parts that represent organelles in cells.
Resources:
http://cwpakistani.blogspot.ca/2012/05/if-you-use-desktop-computer-you-might.html

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Andy M.

9/16/2017 06:56:13 pm

The lysosome is an organelle that is primarily in found in animal cells. With its enzymes it is capable of breaking down macromolecules (e.g. protein, carbohydrates, lipids, etc).

An example of something that we use in our everyday lives that has a similar function to a lysosome is our saliva, which breaks down cells so that we can use them for another task.

lysosome:http://www.ivyroses.com/Biology/Organelles/Lysosomes.php

macromolecule:http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Macromolecule

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Namanya N

9/16/2017 08:13:51 pm

Lysosomes and Tay-Sachs disease.

Waste cells in the body that are broken down by an important organelle are called Lysosomes.Tay-Sachs is a life-threatening inherited disorder that causes damage to the spinal cord and nerve cells in the brain. It is caused by an alteration in the HEXA gene, part of an enzyme called beta-hexosaminidase A in lysosomes. Due to this, molecules that are supposed to be broken down, accumulate instead. This disease occurs most commonly in infants and usually causes death at the age of 5. Some symptoms are mental retardation, blindness, deafness, increased muscle lipid content, seizures, muscle weakness and ataxia. Unfortunately, the Tay-Sachs disease does not have a cure, but medication can be provided to help with seizures, preventing difficulty with the lungs and airways, or to relieve symptoms such as muscle stiffness.

The job of Nucleus is to help control movement and reproduction of the cell. It contains important genetic DNA and information for the cell. It is also considered as the brain of the cell. The Nucleus of the cell can also be compared to the role of parents; they are the command/control center of the house. Nucleus controls the whole cell similar to the President of a country; who controls the whole country. Function of Nucleus in a cell is also equivalent to manager of store/organization.

The cytoskeleton is similar to the skeleton of the human body. It helps the cell keep its structure and helps it move. There are three main components that make up the cytoskeleton: microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments.

Microtubules are the biggest components. They are small, hollow tubes made from a protein called tubulin; 13 tubulins make one tube. Microtubules are in charge of dividing the cell in cell division and help transport cellular materials.

Intermediate filaments (IF) are medium sized compared to the other components and they are threads that act like a net to hold the cell together. Different cells have different IF proteins or don't carry the IF protein at all. IF allows the cell to stretch and move without breaking apart. It also holds DNA together.

Microfilaments are the tiniest component of the cytoskeleton. They are made of protein actin and help create the shape of the cell and the cell's movement.

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