An aneurysm is a very weak point in an artery and it most commonly occur in the arteries of the brain or in the body’s largest artery which is the aorta. An aortic aneurysm can be in the chest which is a thoracic aortic aneurysm or in the abdomen which is an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Most people with an aneurysm do not even know they have one and if the aneurysm grows large enough, the artery wall may become so thin that blood begins to leak into the wall of the blood vessel which is also known as dissection or out into neighbouring tissues or parts of the body.

When the brain is deprived of blood and therefore oxygen, a stroke results and an accumulation of blood from a leaking brain aneurysm can press on areas of the brain causing brain damage. When an aortic aneurysm leaks or ruptures, severe bleeding which is also known as haemorrhage may occur and this is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention. Other groups who have a high risk of developing an aneurysm include people who smoke, have a family history of aneurysm, have high blood pressure and have atherosclerosis which is blocked and weakened blood vessels, have untreated syphilis, have infections, have injuries, etc.

Pericarditis is a type of an inflammation of the pericardium which is the sac that surrounds and holds the heart in place and the condition may be acute which is also known as short term is or chronic which is also known as long term. A sharp and stabbing chest pain which may feel like heart attack pain is the most common symptom of pericarditis and it is very unclear just how common pericarditis is in the general population. It may be responsible for around five percent of all non-heart attack and chest pain cases that end up in accident as well as emergency departments.

Evidence of pericarditis has also been found in about one percent of autopsy studies which suggest that the inflammation might frequently be present in the people without causing noticeable symptoms. In many cases, it is unknown what causes a person to develop acute or chronic pericarditis and however, viral infections such as from coxsackie viruses, influenza and HIV are the most common and identifiable causes of pericarditis. Infections caused from bacteria, fungi, parasites and other organisms such as tuberculosis which can also cause pericarditis. Scientists believe that chronic pericarditis is most often caused by autoimmune disorders like lupus, scleroderma and rheumatoid arthritis and it may also may develop after a heart attack.

Water helps in many different types such as helps the body in removing all types of waste, prevents the body from becoming dehydrated, aids in digestion, helps in protecting the joints, tissues as well as spinal cords, etc. Water also keeps the tissues inside the body moist other than regulating the body’s temperature as well as quenching the thirst and one’s body retains the optimum levels of moisture in bones, brain, blood as well as sensitive areas by keeping the body hydrated.

Water acts as a lubricant as well as cushion for the joints and it also helps in protecting the spinal cord and the adequate amount of water helps the body to excrete through urination, defecation as well as perspiration. The intestines, liver as well as kidneys uses the water to help flush out the waste from the body and it also helps in moving the food that have been eaten through the intestinal tract as well as softening the stools and it also keeps the body from getting constipated. Digestion relies on some of the enzymes which are found in the saliva which helps in breaking down the liquid as well as the food and to dissolve other nutrients as well as minerals.

Leukemia refers to cancers of the white blood cells and normal white blood cells also known as leukocytes play a central role in fighting some of the infections. They have a very short life span and are continuously replenished in the bone marrow. The bone marrow creates some abnormal white blood cells that do not mature properly, cannot fight infection effectively and do not die like normal cells. The effects of leukemia on the body includes frequent infections from a lack of healthy white blood cells, anemia caused from a lack of healthy red blood cells, easy bruising and bleeding because of inadequate platelets, etc. Some of the risk factors for developing leukemia as an adult are being male, being white, having received chemotherapy and radiation therapy in the past, past exposure to high doses of radiation from other sources, past exposure to the high levels of solvents like benzene, having certain genetic disorders such as down syndrome, having myelodysplastic syndrome which is a type of bone marrow disorder, etc. There are mainly four types of leukemia that occur in adults are:

A chemical pregnancy or a very early miscarriage occurs when a pregnancy is lost shortly after the implantation which also results in heavy bleeding. When a fertilized egg implants in the uterus, cells that would become the placenta begin to produce the levels of the pregnancy hormone hCG and these hCG levels are high enough that they are able to be detected on a blood or a urine test and can create a positive result on a pregnancy test. However, an ultrasound would not be able to detect a gestational sac or a placenta developing and an ultrasound could not detect a heartbeat. The fertilized egg does not complete implantation and loss of pregnancy occurs which also results in bleeding about a week after your regular period were due during a chemical pregnancy.

Because chemical pregnancy occurs early in a pregnancy, women may not even realize that they have conceived when they experience a chemical pregnancy. The following may be signs of the chemical pregnancy such as heavy bleeding, menstrual like cramps, passing clots from the vagina, etc. The reasons for the miscarriage vary but most occur because the fetus is not developing normally and errors with genes or chromosomes usually occur by chance as the embryo divides and grows. Experiencing heavy bleeding around the time of your expected period soon after receiving a positive result from a pregnancy test can be a sign that you are no longer pregnant. Other causes may include the following such as inadequate uterine lining, low hormone levels, luteal phase defect, infection, etc.

Whiplash is a type of a neck injury which occurs when an incident forces one’s head back and forth rapidly and forcefully which is similar to the cracking of a whip. Some causes of whiplash are car accidents, physical assault, sports injuries, amusement park rides, etc. Some symptoms of whiplash are neck stiffness, neck pain that may get worse with movement, loss of range of motion in the neck, headaches that start at the base of the skull, tenderness or pain in the shoulders, upper back or arms, fatigue, dizziness, etc. The movement can injure the muscles, nerves, spine, joints and discs of the neck and it is among the most common and debilitating non fatal injuries. The sudden S shaped motion causes the neck’s ligaments as well as tendons to stretch and tear and the doctor will touch and move your head, neck and arms and ask you to move your body in some specific ways to determine the range of motion of your neck and shoulders, the motion that causes pain and the tenderness in your neck, shoulders or back. Treatment depends on the severity of the neck injury and it will likely include rest, heat application and over the counter or prescription painkillers.