..This review discusses the current standards and developments in the chemotherapeutic treatment of urothelial bladder cancer. Furthermore, it should provide a framework for reasonable treatment choices in daily clinical practice...

..Only by using these measures will it be possible to compare robot-assisted procedures of different institutions and historical data of conventional surgery with regard to oncological and functional efficacy...

Risk factors for relapse in stage I non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors: preliminary results of the German Multicenter Trial. German Testicular Cancer Study Group

..The preliminary results of the current German Multicenter Trial suggest an inferior value of prediction for low-risk patients if risk factor analysis and/or CT staging is performed in non-specialized centers...

..Only with a substantial risk for blood transfusion is substitution treatment by EPO justified. Additionally, the long-term risks of blood transfusions have to be balanced against the costs of EPO treatment...

Inter-reader agreement of the ESUR score for prostate MRI using in-bore MRI-guided biopsies as the reference standard

..Target genes of cancer pathways are regulated by epigenetic mechanisms, which determine their inducibility. Elucidating these control mechanisms could therefore prove important for developing targeted therapies for urothelial carcinoma...

[Interdisciplinary recommendations on targeted therapy in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma]

..This has raised both new opportunities and new questions for the health care professionals involved. Here we report on a consensus conference addressing these questions with answers based on evidence from the recent literature...

Long term results and morbidity of paraaortic compared with paraaortic and iliac adjuvant radiation in clinical stage I seminoma

..Radiotherapy is accepted as standard adjuvant treatment for low-stage seminoma and results in excellent survival rates. The optimal radiation field for stage I seminoma, however, is still being discussed...