Socials 11

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Transcript of Socials 11

Cohen, Liam, Trenton Millennium Goals Cohen Child Health Liam Environmental Sustainability Trenton Gender Equality Trenton Combat HIV/AIDS Cohen Universal Education Liam End Poverty & Hunger Maternal Health Global Partnership Progress -unlikely to be met by 2015-primary education is rising, reaching 89% in developing countries in 2008-from 1999-2008 enrolment went up by 18% in sub-Saharan Africa, 11% in southern asia and 8% northern Africa-has had good progress but not good enough to make sure that all girls and boys finish a primary education universally -for the goal to have been met all students would have had to been enrolled in school by 2009, however half the sub-Saharan countries had 1 in 4 children not in school. 1999 enrolment rates have gone from 106 million to 69 million-Many students (30%) in sub Saharan areas are dropping out before reaching the final grade-Botswana, Egypt and Malawi have put forth initiatives such as food for education where students who attend school receive free meals in poor and vulnerable communities. They have also promoted girls education by a lot.-Mongolia has introduced mobile schools to reach students who don’t have access to regular primary education. What is the UN Doing? -has been supporting countries in building primary education for 8-10 uninterrupted years. -has been trying to abolish child marriages so girls can get a proper education. What has Worked -getting rid of school fees in countries such as Burundi, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, Malawi Nepal and Tanzania led to a 99.6% enrolment rate in 2008 compared to 79% in 1999-many students cannot attend school because they can not get food throughout the day if they don’t gather it themselves, programs that have implemented free meals at school have been very successful in these areas.What does this mean for developing countries?For developing countries this means that children, who become adults in society will have an education and will be able to lead a better life. With education comes many other things, They will be able to think problems out better and run better, more efficient, healthier countries. This also means that women will gain an education, whereas they may have not had that opportunity prior. -in 1990 100 children in every 1000 died before they turned five, these numbers dropped to 72 by 2008, that’s a 28% drop-almost nine million kids die before they turn 5 each year.-out of the 67 countries with high child mortality rates, only 10 are on track for the mdg’s. Where do We stand -Many of the developing countries have shown great work in reducing child morality. Roughly one third of the 49 least developed countries have reduced their under five morality rates by 40% or more in the past 20 years. This progress is going well but the goals will not be met.- since 1990 child mortality rates in northern Africa, east asia, west asia, latin America and the Caribbean have been halved. Other places such as sub-Saharan Africa have made little or no progress.-high fertility rates along with slow pace of reducing death means that since 1990 the number of deaths have increased from 4 million to 4.4 million in 2008.-africa accounts for one fifth of the worlds under 5 population but they made half of the 8.8 million deaths in 2008.- The reason for child deaths can mainly be accounted for lack of proper nutrition, dirty water and improper health care. “Pneumonia, diarrhea, malaria and AIDS accounted for 43 per cent of all deaths in under-fives”-progress has been made in immunization against measles across the world and espically Africa, protecting millions of children against this often fatal disease.-Without proper funding for immunizations the death rate could skyrocket back up in no time at all. Measles deaths account for 1.7 million people between 2010-2013 What is the UN doing -The UN along with leaders from governments and NGO’s have launched a global strategy for women’s and children’s healthWhat does this mean for developing countries?Healthy children make for healthy adults, which in turn lead to a healthy country. With The large amount of children under five dying each year being drastically reduced, around nine million, but this number is dwindling. Developing countries will benefit enormously from this goal. What has been working -expanding immunization programs in Egypt, Vietnam and Bangladesh. Egypt has already passed the MDG for reducing deaths in kids under five.-Promoting breastfeeding in Cambodia. The rate of breastfeeding went from 13% in 2000 60% in 2005. Breast milk provides essential nutrients and helps strengthen the body’s immune system. It first started in 50 villages, but soon spread to 2675, 20% of the villages in the country Providing mosquito nets in countries such as the congo, gabon, mali, Nigeria and Zimbabwe. This program started in 2006 and since then malaria rates have dropped 44% in people who use these nets during the night compared to people not using them. Cohen Where do we stand -Data shows good signs of improving maternal health, but the death ratio is still very high in some areas.- Progress in sub-Saharan Africa with some countries halving their mortality rate between 1990 and 2008.-more than 80% of the death could be avoided with proper care. They die from sepsis, hemorrhage, unsafe abortion, obstructed labour and hypertensive diseases. -north African women now have a 70% chance to see a health worker during pregnancy. -215 million women who would prefer to not have a child do not have access to safe and effective contraception. If these demands were met it would cut nearly 1/3 of the number of maternal deaths-The budget for this mdg had been cut from 8.2% to 3.2% of the budget and there is less money to fund this project than there was in 2000 Major Concepts and Criteria of the MDG’s. Uniting the entire globe in communication and partnership by 2015 the U.N hopes to, develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory trading and financial system.

Includes a commitment to good governance, development and poverty reduction both nationally and internationally,

Address the special needs of the least developed countries Including tariff and quota free access for the least developed countries’ exports.

Enhanced programme of debt relief for heavily indebted poor countries and cancellation of official bilateral debt; more generous ODA for countries committed to poverty reduction. Address the special needs of landlocked developing countries and small island developing States.

Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through national and international measures in order to make debt sustainable in the long term.

In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries. In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications. Research and discover all the ways they have been achieved and where the UN has fallen short. Debt relief has helped millions in developing countries provide for their people.Nigeria is using $750 million in debt savings from 2006 to train and recruit new teachers, while Cameroon is debt savings to launch a national HIV/AIDS plan for prevention, education, testing and mother-to- child transmission abatement Internet users per country have increased in some cases by around 80% since 1996.

The internet helps promote global unity. Investigate what affect this has had on developing countries. Devise a way to move forward so that reworking makes progress the specific details in the MDG’s so the next set (Your set) can be achievable and effective. work on providing services like the internet and telephones to developing countries to give them greater communication with the world. Major Concepts and Criteria of the MDG’s. By 2015 the U.N hopes to Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day.

Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people.

Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hungerthe proportion of people who suffer from hunger Research and discover all the ways they have been achieved and where the UN has fallen short. Doctors at a local health clinic in Brazil learned the reason their patients who regularly came in with health problems related to poverty stopped coming was due to a national anti-hunger program that gave children three meals a day.

The children were among thousands who have benefited from Fome Zero (“Zero Hunger”), a national effort to eliminate hunger in Brazil. To meet the immediate needs of everyone who goes hungry in the country, the government needs to provide emergency help to 11 million families, according to official estimates. At the same time, the effort must include long-term actions to enable the population to manage on its own, so that in the future every family is able to buy its own food. Formula: Give each Brazilian the opportunity to have at least three meals a day. It might not seem like such a bold challenge but approximately one quarter of Brazil’s 170 million people currently live below the poverty line. Percent of the population making less than a dollar a day has went up from 3.8% in 1990 to 5.6% in 2006.percentage of children under 5 severely underweight has gone down from 37.7% in 1993 to 29.4 in 2006 Application to Sri lanka Investigate what affect this has had on developing countries. In Nigeria the percentage of the population who make less than 1$ a day in roughly 70%. This is an increase from 1990 with around 54%.Burkina Faso has decreased their population of people who make less than $1 a year from 51.4 to 27.2.The Russian Federation has also decreased their percentage from 6.1% to 2% Devise a way to move forward so that reworking makes progress the specific details in the MDG’s so the next set (Your set) can be achievable and effective. More developed countries need to give some aid to countries which are failing in this area. Focus more on a sustainable economy. This will give them less dependence on having to buy Major Concepts and Criteria of the MDG’s. Reduce any harm done to our planet in the form of carbon emissions and unhealthy practices for the environment. by 2015 the U.N hopes to integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources, Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss. Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation and by 2020, have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers. Research and discover all the ways they have been achieved and where the UN has fallen short. in 2007 Madagascar’s government established 15 new conservation areas covering over 2.65 million acres of wildlife. The new parks will protect several threatened ecosystems including wetlands and rain forests. Investigate what affect this has had on developing countries. All Co2 emissions have gone up since 1990 in every country. They are climbing at a slower rate in 1999-present than 1994-1998. Devise a way to move forward so that reworking makes progress the specific details in the MDG’s so the next set (Your set) can be achievable and effective. Advancements in technology need to be made to make things like cars and factories efficient and sustainable.More areas of land need to be protected from industry and hunting. Application to Sri LankaThere is less land covered in forest from 36.4% in 1990 to 29.9% in 2006.The proportion of the population with improved water sources went up from 67 in 1990 to 82 in 2006.Tons of carbon dioxide per capita went up from 0.2198 in 1990 to 0.6058 in 2006.This is currently it's peak. Liam Application to Sri Lanka.Internet usage has gone up from 0 users per 100 population in 1990 to 2.39 in 2006. Future Goals Liam Trenton Thanks For Listening! Present State 6.A Reverse the HIV/Aids pop.1. They manage to stabilize the HIV population.2. Many young people still lack the knowledge to protect themselves against HIV3. Disparities are found in condom use by women and men and among those from the richest and poorest households.

6.B Universal access to treatment1. The rate of new HIV infections continues to outstrip the expansion of treatment2. Expanded treatment for HIV-positive women also safeguards their newborns 7.C Malaria and other diseases 1. Insecticide-treated mosquito nets production has increased dramatically.2. Global procurement of more effective antimalarial drugs continues to rise rapidly3. External funding is helping to reduce malaria incidence and deaths, but additional support is needed4. Progress on tuberculosis inches forward What are the deficiencies 6.A Reverse the HIV/Aids pop.1. A lack of funding2. Education of the youth 6.B Universal access to treatment1. Funding2. No infrastructure7.C Malaria and other diseases1. Income, and infrastructure to support the sick2. Cant get vaccinations to people who need it What needs to be achieved in the next 15 years 6.A Reverse the HIV/AIDS pop1. Start reversing6.B Universal access to treatment1. Start making more steps towards the goal6.C Malaria and other diseases1. Reverse the spread of the desease2. Get treatment to people who need it Advertising and making the MDGs more recognized. This will put more pressure on countries to work with the UN on achieving their current goals. Every country forfeits .5% of their anual income we can complete most of the MDG's. Re do the gender equality goal. We are Making much progress and we just need more time. Cohen -bring a form of capital to a nation that will allow the nation to have a stimulated economy -will in turn give families opportunities that they would not have had before.-Nation will have more taxes being paid so the nation can grow in a positive way-gives people an opportunity to escape the poverty cycle -sickness and disease is a major problem in many of the developing countries-millions of children die before they turn five-access to medication and vaccines would make great change in a nation in need. What does this mean for developing countries For developing countries this means that children, who become adults in society will have an education and will be able to lead a better life. With education comes many other things, They will be able to think problems out better and run better, more efficient, healthier countries. This also means that women will gain an education, whereas they may have not had that opportunity prior. Present State i.Parlament1. By end-January 2012, women accounted for 19.7 per cent of parliamentarians worldwide, far short of 50%, but progress.ii.Jobs1. Women are over-represented in informal employment, with its lack of benefits and security2. Top Level Jobs still go to men.3.The share of women in paid non-agricultural wage employment is slowly increasing and globally reached 41 per cent in 2008 iii.Educaiton1. Gender gaps in access to education have narrowed, but disparities remain high in university-level education and in some developing regions. 2. Of 163 million illiterate youth in the world, 63 percent are female.3. Poverty is a major barrier to education4. Good progress at primary level but weak parity at secondary and tertiary levels of education. High representation of women in parliament What are the deficiencies i.Education1. Poverty is the main deficiency2. Cant afford facilities and suppliesii.Parlement1. People breaking traditions2. Stereotype of men in specific jobsiii.Jobs1. Maternity leave2. Traditions What needs to be achieved in the next 15 years i. Education1. Gender gaps in access to education have narrowed, but disparities remain high in university-level education and in some developing regionsii. Parliament1.We want to bring everything to 50/50iii. Jobs1. Same opportunities for females as males i.Education1. Education in Sir Lanka increase to 50%2. Increase at high level educationii. Parliament1. Start to see increase in representation of women. 2. Again want to increase to 50%iii. Jobs1. Create more opportunities to work2. Once education increases jobs will as well. Application to Sir Lanka What has worked -Egypt has made about 32 new maternity homes in rural areas, the amount of births with trained healthcare workers present have doubled by up to 50% since these have opened up-Pakistan invested in mobile maternal health units. They started in 2005 and have seen nearly 850000 patients since then. They see women for all their maternal needs. What is the UN doing -In 2010 they implemented a project with NGO’s that is a global strategy for women’s and children’s health. This is to improve the health of women and children. This has the potential to save 16 million lives by 2015- poor women in remote areas are the least likely to receive trained health assistance during childbirth and make them the most likely to have higher morality rates in birth.- adolescent girls have the highest risk of maternal morality and it increases with each pregnancy. -by 2007 62% of women who were married or in a union were using some type of contraception.- “UNFPA’s Global Programme to Enhance Reproductive Health Commodity Security and WHO’s evidence-based guidance in family planning have helped improve access to reproductive health supplies in more than 70 countries, including in Ethiopia, where the contraceptive prevalence rate has more than doubled since 2005, and in Laos, Madagascar and Mongolia, where significant progress in the use of voluntary family planning was also noted.” What does this mean for developing countries Having proper health care available for those who need it in developing countries is crucial. This is one of the first things that need to be done while a developing country in improved and is very beneficial. So many unnecessary death could be avoided with this and over a third of a million people could not lose the mother figure in the family. This goal needs to be continued to be invested in for the benefit of the country. What does this mean for developing countries Healthy children make for healthy adults, which in turn lead to a healthy country. With The large amount of children under five dying each year being drastically reduced, around nine million, but this number is dwindling. Developing countries will benefit enormously from this goal. Application to Sir Lanka i.6.A Reverse the HIV/AIDS pop1. Starts to drop instead of leveling outii.6.B Universal access to treatment1.Build infrastructure to support access to treatmentiii.6.C Malaria and other diseases1. more infrastructure to support sick patents2.Find cures to prevent disease Bring Work to Sir Lanka -Average income is $5700 USD in Sri Lanka-Many Sri Lankans live in extreme poverty -many people move closer to cities in hopes of a better life and the escaping poverty cycle, but end up just getting by-Live in poor conditions-Bringing work opportunity into the country would give jobs to many in need, they would earn higher wages than what they could have gotten before.-could potentially double the average annual GDP in a short time-would bring a much needed economic boost to the country Defeating disease in Sir Lanka -Sri Lanka is ranked as a high risk of getting major infectious diseases.-some diseases include bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and leptospirosis .-UN, donations or third party charity donations of medicine/vaccines would save millions of lives