Builder: George Goble and James Macfarlane of the Goble Shipyards, Oswego, New York.

Year Built: 1873

Location Built: Oswego, New York

Owners: Dan Lyons, George Goble both from Oswego, New york.

Home Port: Oswego, NY

Service History

The Daniel Lyons was launched at the height of the ship-building era in Oswego, New York. She was the first three-masted vessel built by the renowned Goble & MacFarlane Shipyard, and she served as a model for several nearly identical vessels that followed. She was built for owners Daniel Lyons and George Goble. She was 143 feet long, 26 feet wide, and 11 feet deep. She cost $27,000 to build.

The Daniel Lyons was a canaler, designed to carry the maximum amount of cargo through the Welland Canal locks with only inches to spare. Canalers had bluff bows, flat bottoms and sterns, short bowsprits, and highly canted jib booms. They sailed the longest routes on the Great Lakes. The Daniel Lyons and other canalers participated in the grain trade, picking up corn and wheat in Chicago and Milwaukee and hauling it to Buffalo, Oswego and Kingston. For their return trip from Lakes Erie and Ontario, canalers hauled coal to heat the cities and power the factories of the Midwest.

The Daniel Lyons’ first master, Irish-born John Blackburn, began sailing with his uncle at the age of ten in the Irish coasting trade. Captain Blackburn commanded the Daniel Lyons from her launch through the 1876 shipping season. The Daniel Lyons appears to have led a rather uneventful career, with the possible exception of surviving the raging storm of October 27-28, 1873, which claimed six Oswego vessels and their crew. In 1877, Blackburn stepped down to become harbormaster of the Port of Oswego, and Captain Michael M. Holland took command of the Daniel Lyons.

Final Voyage

As the 1878 season drew to a close, the Daniel Lyons had nearly completed another successful year. About 1:00 a.m., Thursday, October 17, she departed Chicago with 20,000 bushels of wheat consigned to J.B. Griffin & Company of Black Rock (now part of Buffalo). Captain Holland was in command, assisted by First Mate Owen Madden, Second Mate Daniel Gunn, Cook W.H. Barder, and four unnamed seamen. The trip north along Wisconsin’s shoreline was unremarkable in the light westerly wind and clear skies. About 3:00 a.m. Friday morning, under a bright, waxing moon, the Daniel Lyons passed Ahnapee (now Algoma), and the wind veered to the northwest. First Mate Madden was at the helm, and he swung the Daniel Lyons’ bow to the northeast to accommodate the shift in wind.

Madden spotted the red and green running lights of the schooner Kate Gillett about a mile north of the Lyons. The Kate Gillett was a 129-foot, two-masted schooner. She was heavily laden with fence posts from Cedar River, Mich., and bound for Chicago.

The Kate Gillett appeared to turn several times, but her intentions were unclear to the sailors on the Lyons, and the two vessels drew closer to each other. After several confusing minutes, it became clear that they were about to collide. Madden swung the helm of the Lyons in a desperate attempt to avoid the collision, but the Kate Gillett, traveling at nine knots, struck the Daniel Lyons’ starboard side between the main and mizzenmast, pushing her stem nearly halfway through the Lyon’s hull. The force of the collision threw the Daniel Lyons’ cook from his bunk. Much of the Kate Gillett’s broken head gear crashed onto the Daniel Lyons’ deck. Suffering damage to her starboard bow, the Kate Gillett quickly began leaking.

It was clear the Daniel Lyons was mortally wounded. The Kate Gillett had cut her nearly in two. The captain of the Gillett, Jerry McCarthy, worked to keep the Gillett’s bow lodged deep in the Lyons to keep her from flooding until her crew could escape onto the Gillett. The two vessels remained locked together for about 15 minutes while the Daniel Lyons’ crew scrambled to save their possessions. Captain Holland saved some of his clothing and the ship’s books. The crew saved a portion of their belongings, the small boat, and a few lines before the two vessels separated sometime around 4:00 a.m. The Daniel Lyons settled quickly at the stern, rolled onto her port side, and sank bow first.

Leaking badly, the Kate Gillett continued toward Chicago. The crew of both vessels worked furiously at the pumps to keep her afloat. The Gillett safely made Chicago at 5:00 p.m. on Saturday, October 19, a day and a half after the collision.

The day following the accident, the schooner Skylark encountered the wreckage of the Lyons while en route to Racine. Eight miles north of Ahnapee and about five miles from shore, the Skylark’s captain reported that the Daniel Lyons’ white topmasts were protruding from the water, still topped with gilt balls and flying her new red and blue pennant. Her cross trees were submerged, and the foremast had been carried away. Dispatches went out announcing the navigation hazard.

At Chicago, the Gillett’s Captain McCarthy refused to accept responsibility for the accident and blamed Madden, the Lyon’s helmsman. Captain Holland made no public rebuttal, but the Lyons’ crew claimed that their vessel had had the right-of-way and the Gillett’s captain was in error.

It is unclear whether a lawsuit was ever filed against the Gillett, but the Lyons’ owners would have had little incentive to do so. The Daniel Lyons hull was valued at $15,300 and was insured by the Orient Mutual Insurance Company and Detroit Fire and Marine Company for $4,000 each. Her cargo was insured by the Chicago Marine Insurance Pool for $10,500. The aging Gillett, however, carried no insurance. A lawsuit against her could recover only the value of the Gillett herself, which was only one-seventh that of the Daniel Lyons and her cargo.

Today

The wreck site is marked seasonally by an official state shipwreck buoy placed by the Wisconsin Historical Society. Her location is N 44° 40.241' W 087° 17.712'. The Daniel Lyons lies in 110 feet of water, mostly broken up, but nearly all hull structure and rigging is present and easily examined. Bottom temperatures range from 40 to 42° F, with visibility varying from 40 to 100 feet.

The Daniel Lyons site represents a nearly complete Great Lakes schooner. The collapsed hull exposes many construction details not visible on more intact vessels. Both hull sides have collapsed to port, and the stern area is scattered off the starboard quarter. The centerboard trunk remains intact and standing, complete with the centerboard chain running from the centerboard inside the trunk to the centerboard winch lying off the trunk’s port side. Both stem and stern posts are intact with deadwood. Much of the running rigging is strewn about the wreck site, including masts, topmasts, gaffs, booms, and wire rope.

The Daniel Lyons’ bluff bow is the site’s most visually impressive feature. Before toppling to port, the bowsprit and jib boom dislodged from their location atop the stempost and split the bow in two along the stempost’s starboard side, coming to rest atop the keelson. The bowsprit lies beneath the jib boom and extends from the starboard hull to the jib boom’s fastening ring. The bowsprit continues beneath the starboard hull, which lays somewhat flattened over the stempost, bowsprit, and windlass. A tangle of wire rigging lies around the bowsprit, as well as a sail gaff, complete with jaws, that lies immediately to starboard of the jib boom.

The port hull side has collapsed outward. It is largely intact from the transom to the bow. The centerboard trunk remains upright and visually dominates the site. The trunk is mounted atop the keelson on the vessel’s centerline. The rudder lies off the wreck site’s starboard quarter, among a tangle of wire rigging.

The Daniel Lyons is protected by state and federal laws. The wreck is a popular site for sport divers. The Daniel Lyons site often offers excellent conditions for taking underwater photographs and videos.

To learn more about the Daniel Lyons history and archeological findings, read the report "Wheat Chaff and Coal Dust," by Keith N. Meverden, Tamara L. Thomsen and John O. Jensen, 2006, Wisconsin Historical Society.