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Exceptional Verbs in Marathi which change in past tense form

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By now we have studied many grammar concepts including tense. We have seen the forms of verb in simple past tense is base of perfect tenses and other phrases.

We have also observed that few verbs behave differently when their past tense form is created.

As per rule we append लो(lo) to verb to create its past tense form for "I".

e.g. I spoke -> मी बोललो ( mI bolalo )

I laughed -> मी हसलो ( mI hasalo )

i.e.

बोल (bol)+ लो (lo) = बोललो (bolalo )

हस(has)+ लो (lo) = हसलो ( hasalo )

But,

I went -> मी गेलो( mI gelo ).

Now verb is "जाणे"(jANe). so we should have said जा(jA) + लो(lo)= जालो (jAlo ).

But we did not say say. We appended suffix to गे(ge) to make it गेलो(gelo).

This is what I want to point out ! The unusual behaviour of few verbs. !! The verbs which change themselves before creating past tense form. As past tense form is base of many other tenses and phrases it is important to know such form.

In below table I have given verb, changed verb on which suffix to be applied and a sentence in simple past tense.

Verb in English

Verb in

Marathi

Changed

verb

before

appending

suffix

Simple example

with suffix ला (lA)

Example

do

करणे

karaNe

के(ke)

केला(kelA)

I did it

मीतोकेला

(mI to kelA)

try

प्रयत्नकरणे

prayatn karaNe

प्रयत्नके

(prayatn ke)

प्रयत्नकेला

(prayatn kelA)

tried learning French फ्रेंचशिकायचाप्रयत्नकेला

(phreMch shikAyachA

prayatn kelA )

give

देणे deNe

दि(dI)

दिला

(dilA)

Gave pen पेनदिले

(pen dile )

take

घेणे gheNe

घेत (ghet)

घेतला

(ghetalA)

took pen पेनघेतले

(pen ghetale)

live

राहणे rAhaNe

राहि (rAhi )

राहिला

(rAhilA)

lived in city मीशहरातराहिलो

mI shaharAt rAhilo

see

/watch

/look

बघणे baghaNe

बघित

(baghit )

बघितला

(baghitalA)

saw notice

सूचनाबघितली

sUchanA baghitalI

पाहणे pAhaNe

पाहि

(pAhi )

पाहिला(pAhilA)

saw notice

सूचनापाहिली

( sUchanA pAhilI )

go

जाणे jANe

गे (ge)

गेला(gelA)

went to market

बाजारातगेलो

( bAjArAt gelo )

come

येणे yeNe

आ(A)

आला(AlA)

came from market

बाजारातूनआलो

( bAjArAtUn Alo )

tell

सांगणे sAMgaNe

सांगित

(sAMgit )

सांगितला

(sAMgitalA)

told address

पत्तासंगितला

( pattA sAMgitalA )

To recite

म्हणणे mhaNaNe

म्हट

(mhaT )

म्हटला

(mhaTalA)

recited poem

कविताम्हटली

( kavitA mhaTalI )

to sing

गाणे gANe

गाय

( gAy )

गायला

(gAyalA)

sang a song

गाणेगायले

( gANe gAyale )

To ask for

मागणे mAgaNe

मागित

(mAgit )

मागितला

(mAgitalA)

asked for his pen

त्याचेपेनमागितले

(tyAche pen mAgitale )

To wash

धूणे dhUNe

धुत

(dhut )

धुतला

(dhutalA)

Washed face

तोंडधुतले

( toMD dhutale )

To Drink

पीणे pINe

प्याय

(pyAy )

प्यायला(pyAyalA)

Drank tea

चहाप्यायला ( chahA pyAyalA )

To Eat

खाणे khANe

खाल् (khAl )

खाल्ला (khAllA)

Ate bread

ब्रेडखाल्ला (breD
khAllA)

To Ask for

मागणे mAgaNe

मागित

(mAgit)

मागितला

(mAgitalA)

Asked for tea

चहामागितला

(chahA mAgitalA)

To Become

होणे hoNe

झा

(jhA)

झाला

(jhAlA)

Became rich

श्रीमंतझाला

(shrImaMt jhAlA)

To get

मिळणे (miLaNe)

मिळा (miLA)

मिळाला (miLAlA)

Got work

काम मिळाले

(kAm miLAle )

To run

पळणे (paLaNe)

पळा (paLA)

पळाला (paLAlA)

he ran fast

तोजोराने पळाला

(to jorAne paLAlA )

Notes :-

1) Similar to "To Try" , there are many verbs in Marathi which are created using करणे (karaNe) e.g. व्यायामकरणे (vyAyAm karaNe ), आंघोळकरणे (AMghoL karaNe).

In all such verbs, the form of करणे (karaNe) will be created as per above rule

2) For verb म्हणणे ( mhaNaNe), the forms can be created with normal verb as well. so म्हटला (mhaTalA ) and म्हणला (mhaNalA) both forms are used.

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About Me

Kaushik Lele. My mothertongue is Marathi. I like to learn new languages and teach others. And I know English, Tamil, Gujarati, Hindi.
I am a voracious reader of various kind of books. I live in Mumbai and Pune (in Maharashtra state of India). I am a young software engineer.