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Bleeding and Shock

1.
Chapter Bleeding and Shock Twenty-One

2.
Chapter <ul><li>BSI when handling patients who are bleeding </li></ul><ul><li>Identification and control of external bleeding </li></ul><ul><li>Identification and treatment of internal bleeding </li></ul><ul><li>Shock (hypoperfusion) and its progressive stages </li></ul>Twenty-One CORE CONCEPTS

19.
Supplemental Oxygen Since blood loss reduces perfusion and the supply of oxygen to the tissues, the use of supplemental oxygen is vital. Oxygen should be administered after bleeding has been controlled.

40.
<ul><li>Reduced perfusion results in </li></ul><ul><li>malfunction of cells and organs. </li></ul><ul><li>Shock that is not recognized and </li></ul><ul><li>treated may result in death. </li></ul>(Continued) Shock (Hypoperfusion)

41.
<ul><li>The body tries to compensate for </li></ul><ul><li>shock by shunting blood away </li></ul><ul><li>from areas of lesser need to </li></ul><ul><li>areas of greater need. </li></ul>(This explains the order in which signs and symptoms occur.) Shock (Hypoperfusion)

45.
Patient ASSESSMENT Shock Signs and Symptoms <ul><li>Patients may maintain their blood pressure until their blood volume is half gone. </li></ul><ul><li>By the time an infant’s or child’s blood pressure drops, he or she is NEAR DEATH ! </li></ul>

47.
Tell new EMT-B that shock (hypoperfusion) should be recognized and managed in its early phase. They should never wait to see if the blood pressure drops to decide to manage the patient with suspected bleeding loss! This is especially true in pediatric patients, who have the ability to compensate in the absence of approximately 30% of their blood volume! P RECEPTOR P EARL

53.
R EVIEW QUESTIONS 1. What BSI precautions should be taken when dealing with a patient who is actively bleeding? 2. How is external bleeding controlled? 3. How is internal bleeding identified? 4. What are the stages of hypoperfusion?