The two strands in the double stranded DNA molecule are arranged in ________ fashion

antiparallel
5'3' vs. 3'5'

the two strands in DNA are wrapped around each other forming a

double helix

proteins that interact specifically with DNA engage predominantly with the ____, where there is a considerable amount of free space

major groove

the size of a DNA molecule can be expressed in terms of its ___; each nucleotide has a molecular weight of about ___

molecular weight, 330

another means of expressing size of DNA molecules; measured in kilobase/kilobase pairs

number of 1000s of bases/base pairs per molecule

number of millions - megabases/megabase pairs

a base pair takes up ____ nanometers in length along the helix; each turn of the helix contains ___ base pairs

0.34 nm, 10 base pairs

replication is ____; the resulting DNA each contain one parental and one new strand

semiconservative

precursor of each new nucleotide in the chain is a nucleoside ______, from which the two terminal phophates are removed and the internal phosphate is attached covalently to deoxyribose of the growing chain

5'triphosphate

DNA replication always proceeds from the ____ end to the ____ end

5' end , 3'-hydroxyl end

the _____ of the incoming nucleotide is attached to the ____ of the previously added nucleotide in replication of DNA

5' phosphate, 3' hydroxyl

enzymes that catalyze addition of the nucleotides; none are known to begin a new chain however

DNA polymerases

DNA polymerases synthesize new DNA in the ____ direction

5' > 3'

the site at which DNA polmerase can attach the first nucleotide; in most cases, this is a short stretch of RNA

primer

enzyme which polymerizes RNA; synthesizes a short stretch of RNA which acts a s a primer

primase

At the growing end of an RNA primer is ____ to which DNA polymerase can add the first deoxyribonucleotide

3' OH group

the RNA primer begins a new chain, however the continued extension of the molecule occurs as ___