Post-operative quality of recovery and pain followed up to 1 month. Visual Analog Pain (VAS) was recorded by the patient on a 10-centimeter line to mark an estimated pain score that could be from zero (0) to ten (10). Zero would indicate no pain while a score of 10 would be the worse pain possible.

This measures uses a 20 item surgical assessment tool to assess surgical field. This assessment score is the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test, SNOT-20. Patients were completed this validated sinus symptom questionnaire. The average magnitude score for the 20 items is calculated. Each item of the 20-question assessment is scored from 1 to 5 where 1 is less severe and 5 is a maximum as described by that particular symptom score. The final score is reported as a mean with a range of 0 (zero) to 5 (no units).

The sphenopalatine ganglion block (SPGB) with local anesthetic is used to treat facial pain and headache of various etiologies and has been widely used during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether preemptive SPGB may positively impact postoperative pain and functional outcomes after FESS.

Patients in whom oral opioid-containing analgesics would be contraindicated postoperatively.

Patients with a known or suspected genetic susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia, or known sensitivity to Desflurane or other halogenated agents.

Patients with the history of arrhythmias or significant coronary artery disease.

Patients with psychological disorders.

Patients who are unable to understand the questionnaires or the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores.

Patients with the history of substance or alcohol abuse.

Patients with compromised renal and liver function.

Patients with abnormal coagulation status or platelet count less than 100,000.

Pregnant patients.

Patients with an allergy to Bupivacaine, Lidocaine or Epinephrine.

Other patients that may be excluded by the investigator, based on medical history and physical examination

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Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00927888