Individual Journalists

In Defence of Countering ISIS with ‘Patient Containment’

Viewpoint by Jonathan Power

LUND, Sweden (IDN-INPS) - “ISIS is not an existential threat to the United States,” President Barack Obama told Jeffrey Goldberg of Atlantic magazine recently.

What becomes clear in this long article, much of it Obama’s own words, is that Obama shies away from the idea that war can make bad things good. The unquenchable wars that he inherited – Iraq and Afghanistan – were set alight by his predecessor, George W. Bush, and no amount of Obama fire engines have been able to douse them with enough water to put them out.

As for the rest of the waterfront of foreign affairs, he argues that after a period of uncertainty he decided that the U.S. should not militarily involve itself in the civil war in Syria. He decided that Ukraine is not a core American interest, although it is a Russian one, and he was convinced that Iran would agree through peaceful negotiation to renounce the dangerous parts of its nuclear program.

As for the toppling of Muammar Gaddafi and the mess that followed he agrees that he made a bad mistake when he put on one side his own philosophy of not intervening militarily in a situation that was not a core U.S. interest.

In the Atlantic article, Obama says he believes he has broken with what he calls, derisively, the “playbook”. “It’s a playbook that comes out of the foreign-policy establishment. The playbook prescribes responses to different events, and these responses tend to be militarized.”

So if ISIS is not an “existential threat” what is it and why have American bombers been deployed against it and even some Special Forces on the ground? Why is he sounding the trumpet of war – limited war, it must be admitted – but still war?

According to the New York Times, since September 2014, groups or individuals claiming some connection to ISIS have killed approximately 600 people outside Syria and Iraq. Yet more than 14,000 people were murdered in the U.S. in that same period.

Indeed, if 600 is the best ISIS can do, the U.S. and its NATO allies should switch off the lights in the Middle East and go home. The U.S. doesn’t need the Middle East’s oil as much as it once did. The U.S. can’t straddle all the local beasts at the same time – Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Turkey and the Gulf States are all pulling in different directions. As James Baker, President George H.W. Bush’s secretary of state, said about the Yugoslavian civil wars: “We haven’t got a dog in that fight.”

ISIS, the ‘Islamic State of Iraq and Syria’, has limited power. The Soviet Union could impose communism on eastern Europe thanks to the might of its army. The Islamic State (ISIS) in contrast has at the most 30,000 troops. Alarmists point to the fact that it controls an area as large as the UK, but most of it is empty desert. Its national income is about the same as Barbados. Its base is what are the ungoverned Sunni areas of Iraq.

As Harvard professor of international affairs, Stephen Walt, writes in Foreign Affairs, “Spreading a revolution via contagion requires a level of resources that only great powers possess. The Soviet Union was powerful enough to subsidise the Communist International and support client states around the world, but medium-sized revolutionary powers are not so fortunate. Iran has backed a number of proxies over the past 30-plus years, but it has not yet created a successful clone.”

Local Muslim governments are already working to contain ISIS influence by cutting down on the passage of foreign fighters, interrupting its financing and encouraging local religious authorities to challenge its outlandish religious claims. In Europe an overwhelming majority of Muslims will have no truck with ISIS. Imams are increasingly on the alert for ISIS propaganda and recruiting in their mosques.

ISIS leaders have quarrelled with the Al Qaeda leadership. ISIS has a tendency to treat minor disagreements as acts of heresy, punishable by death.

The U.S. and its allies (and Russia) should beware of the boomerang effect. Foreign intervention by Austria and Russia radicalized the French Revolution. Iraq’s invasion of Iran in 1980 allowed Ayatollah Khomeini and his followers to purge moderate elements in Iran.

Walt suggests “patient containment” as the best policy. ISIS’s own excesses and internal divisions could lead to its collapse. Or over time it may mellow, as has Iran and Palestine, even Gaza.

The role that the U.S. and its allies can play is back up, but not fighting, support for the front-liners most affected by ISIS. Also Saudi Arabia has to be sanctioned if it doesn’t once and for all put a stop to its citizens exporting the most militant and violent interpretations of the Koran and money to go with it to ISIS.

Not least: Western media and politicians should play its significance down. Ringing the alarm bells all the time plays into ISIS’s hands. [IDN-INPS – 24 May 2016]

Note: Jonathan Power syndicates his opinion articles. He forwarded this and his previous Viewpoints for publication in IDN-INPS.