Researchers from a number of European countries established a network
on animal waste utilisation in 1976. It was restructured in 1990
when the number of working groups was reduced to two and ad hoc
expert groups created to address specific issues. The last workshop
on animal waste utilisation was held in Gb'dollo in Hungary in October
1996. It was decided at this workshop to expand the network to include
municipal and industrial wastes. The network was renamed RAMIRAN
(Research Network on Recycling of Agricultural and Industrial Residues
in Agriculture) to reflect this change.