ČESKÝ LID 99 / 2012
OBSAH – CONTENTS
1 / 2012
STATI – ARTICLES
Ondrej Kaščák – Zuzana Obertová, Školská etnografia tela, jej východiská, podoby
a potenciály ..................................................................................................................... 1
(School ethnography of the body – its background, forms and results)
Abstract: The summarizing study presents the research field of the so called school
ethnography of the body (SEB) that started to develop during the last decade. This
interdisciplinary field produces results that could be used in the social and cultural
anthropology, sociology, social philosophy as well as in pedagogy. The introductory part of
the study is dedicated to the concept of the body that is being productively handled within the
frame of the SEB. Subsequently, selected concepts of the body are applied to the sociocultural space of the school, and in the final part of the study the results of partial researches
within the frame of the SEB, realized so far, are presented, as well as the basic theoretical and
methodological approaches.
Keywords: school ethnography of the body, critical ethnography, anthropology of the body,
habitualized body, mimesis, body formation, photoethnography.
Adam Horálek, Tři přístupy k pupkům národů. Primordialisticko-modernistický diskurz
prizmatem aktivity a objektivity etnicity ......................................................................... 23
(Three approaches to the navel points of the nations. Primordialist-modernist discourse seen
through the prism of activity and objectivity of the ethnicity)
Abstract: The paper examines theoretical discourses of ethnicity and has three main
objectives: (1) to categorize and compare three academic approaches towards ethnicity, nation
and nationalism, (2) to identify the core distinction between ethnic and national identity, and
(3) to analyze the differences between approaches through activity and objectivity of
ethnicity. The traditional distinction between primordialist and modernist/situationalist
approaches is enhanced by adding the ethnicist approach to the interjacent boundary. There
are three core lines of distinctions between these approaches. Firstly, it is, more or less, the
distinction between primordiality of ethnicity and modernity of nation, not primordiality and
modernity itself, which divides the discussed approaches. Secondly, most academic theories,
regardless of their background, interpret the ethnicity (nation) as situational rather than
objective or subjective phenomenon. Lastly, it is the scale of activity of ethnicity (activity of
individuals – components – systems) which differs among the theories.
Keywords: ethnicism, ethnicity, modernism, nationalism, nation, primordialism.
Tereza Kušniráková, Vztah vietnamských navrátilců předlistopadové imigrace
k Československému státu a jeho společnosti...................................................................45
(The Relationship of Vietnamese Returnees of pre-1989 Immigration to the Czechoslovak
state and its society)
Abstract: Post-WWII geopolitical changes in Indochina and Central & Eastern Europe
drastically altered the international relationships of Czechoslovakia. Vietnam became one of
its partners. After the 1954 defeat of the French, the first Northern Vietnamese immigrants
came to Czechoslovakia. However, after the Velvet Revolution of 1989 political agreements
on cultural cooperation ended, and a return migration began. Nevertheless, the reconsolidation
of democracy in the successor states of Czechoslovakia did not bring to an end the long
established connection, and spontaneous individual migration started. Since then thousands of
persons have come, and the Czech Republic remains one of the most desirable destinations
for Vietnamese migrants. This article is the result of a qualitative survey conducted among
pre-1989 returnees that was carried out in Vietnam from July 2010 to February 2011. The
main task of the study is to frame the migration in a broader historical and political context,
and show how the consequences and organized features of pre-1989 migration have shaped
the perception of Czechoslovakia and the returnees’ relationship with it.
Keywords: Vietnamese, return migration, Czechoslovak’s migratory experience, relationship
to Czechoslovakia, historical context.
Jiří Woitsch, Etnografický atlas Čech, Moravy a Slezska: Stav a perspektivy výzkumu
.......................................................................................................................................... 67
(Ethnographic Atlas of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia: State and perspectives of research)
Abstract: The text summarizes the history and present state of the ethnocartographic research
in the Czech Lands. It accentuates the fact that, in spite of the relatively high prestige of
ethnocartography in many European countries and in spite of repeated efforts of several
representants of our ethnocartography, „classical“ ethnographic atlas was never realized in the
Czech Republic and probably will never be realized in the future due to several reasons. The
causes of neglect or even negation of ethnocartographic research are mostly due to
organizational and ideological reasons. The present-day Czech research must, therefore, face
numerous specific tasks and problems that influence the concept and contents of the
ethnographic atlas. From the nowadays already anachronistic effort to map the „whole“ of
traditional culture the concept of the Ethnographic Atlas of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia
moved in the direction of spatial documentation and analysis of partial, selected aspects. The
second important feature is the giving up of field research and the general use of
questionnaires in the process of the collection of the data, instead of the analysis of written
and iconographical sources. The basic conceptual and theoretical-methodological bases of the
work on the atlas can be resumed as follows: the consistent application of territorial, not
ethnical principle for collection and analysis of the data; the focus on the time period between
the second half of the 18th century and the beginning of the 20th century; liberal choice of
localities, preference given to statistical and proto-statistical data; consistent application of
modern technological devices – especially geographic information system (GIS).
Keywords: Ethnological atlas of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia; ethnocartography;
methodology; research overview; geographic information system (GIS); vernacular
architecture.
Ivan Minář, Projevy lidové zbožnosti ve štukové výzdobě venkovských staveb
na Vysočině...................................................................................................................... 85
(Manifestations of popular religiosity in the stucco decoration of village buildings in the
region Vysočina)
Abstract: The study focuses on a unique manifestation of popular art: the figuration by stucco
reliefs with religious themes, from the first half of the nineteenth century, that are found on
the facades of the village buildings in the region Vysočina (on the border between Bohemia
and Moravia). These stucco decorations follow the example of the popular glass paintings,
paintings on procession flags, but especially the motives of pilgrimage badges and medallions
(so called „little sacraments“). These reliefs, documented mostly on historical photographs,
decorated in a whole 11 objects in 6 localities. In most of the cases original polychromy was
proven. The themes were, besides the traditional saints, Saint Florian or Sain John
Nepomucene, or Virgin Mary, also the depictions of closer or more distant pilgrimage places
(Křemešník, Vranov u Brna, Sonntagberg, Lorch). Due to the fact of the limited durability of
the material, as well as the social and cultural development, until today only two exemplars
and one torso of the decoration were preserved. The study is supplemented by pictorial
reconstruction of the original decoration, made by the author on the basis of preserved
photographs.
Keywords: village architecture, popular art, religious art, Vysočina, stucco decoration.
ROZHOVOR – INTERVIEW
Barbora Machová, Rozhovor s Lozankou Pejčevou, ředitelkou Ústavu etnologie a folkloristiky
s Etnografickým muzeem Bulharské akademie věd, a jejím zástupcem Vladimirem Penčevem
.......................................................................................................................................... 99
ZPRÁVY – NEWS
Jubilanti v roce 2012.................................................................................................109
Naďa Valášková, Konference Identita migrantů z východní Evropy a jejich integrace
v českém prostředí............................................................................................................ 109
Jitka Zalabáková, Sympozium Balcanicum. Interdisciplinární seminář zaměřený na terénní
výzkum na Balkáně. Plzeň, 26. 10. 2011......................................................................... 111
Jana Nosková, Třetí konference z oblasti urbánních studií v Brně (Třetí město, Brno, 5.–6. 11.
2011) ............................................................................................................................... 112
Jiří Woitsch, Dvě výstavy o lesích: Co pamatuje strom a lidé zapomněli? Praha, Národní
zemědělské muzeum, 28. 4.–31. 12. 2011 a Unter Bäumen. Die Deutschen und der Wald,
Berlín, Deutsches Historisches Museum, 2. 12. 2011–4. 3. 2012 .................................. 114
Naďa Valášková – Renata Weinerová, Mezinárodní konference o etnických menšinách. Praha
9.–10. února 2012............................................................................................................ 115
LITERATURA – REVIEWS
Petr Lozoviuk (ed.), Grenzgebiet als Forschungsfeld. Aspekte der ethnographischen und
kulturhistorischen Erforschung des Grenzlandes. (Josef Kandert)..................................118
Irena Pišútová, Maľby na skle / Paintings on glass. (Alena Křížová).................................120
Gabriela Kiliánová – Eva Kowalská – Eva Krekovičová (eds.), My a tí druhí v modernej
spoločnosti. Konštrukcie a transformácie kolektívnych identít. (Jana Nosková)............122
Josef Virgil Grohmann, Pověry a obyčeje v Čechách a na Moravě. (Jaroslav Otčenášek)
.............................................................................................................................................124
Adrian von Arburg – Tomáš Dvořák – David Kovařík a kolektiv, Německy mluvící
obyvatelstvo v Československu po roce 1945. (Andrej Sulitka) .....................................126
Krzystof Piątkowski, Mit – historia – pamieć. Kulturowe kontexty antropologii/etnologii.
(František Vrhel)..............................................................................................................128
2 / 2012
STATI – ARTICLES
Petr Vašát, Studium bezdomovectví v USA: inspirace pro výzkum v České republice........ 129
(Studying the Homelessness in the USA: An Inspiration for a Research in the Czech
Republic)
Abstract: Homelessness in the Czech Republic is a relatively new phenomenon. Because of
ideological background before 1989, as a result of loos of employment, it could not show up.
For that reason, it fully emerged in early 1990s. Under this condition, it has been also
unresearched for long time. Moreover, most of the written papers have ignored key studies
from abroad, especially from the USA. Therefore, this paper offers an overview of studying
the homelessness in USA. It briefly describes historic and cultural movement from the preindustrial poor to the urbancentric homeless. Then, in light of distinguished periods of 20th
century, it focuses on conditions of emergence and development American skid rows and
particularities of their populations. Finally, the paper presents important studies of all these
periods. Based on overview of American homelessness the paper articulates four propositions
for a research in the Czech Republic. The research should focus on: (1) historic, socio-cultural
and polical-economical context related to postsocialism and neoliberalism; (2) searching for
less ideological conceptualizations of homelessness; (3) connecting poverty as the main factor
of homelessness with other ones; (4) carrying out more ethnographic researches.
Keywords: homelessness, USA, Czech Republic.
Lenka Šolcová, Subjektivní reflexe reemigrace černobylských přesídlenců v lokalitě
Kopidlno........................................................................................................................... 151
(Subjective reflection on return migration on part of the displaced persons from
Tschernobyl: in the locality Kopidlno)
Abstract: The aim of the following text was to intermediate the personal reflection of
migrants of preponderantly Czech origin who were in the years 1991–1993 resettled from the
former Soviet Union to the Czech Republic. Better to say, the article focuses on one specific
group of these displaced persons who came in the year 1993 and have lived since then in the
locality Kopidlno. The main aim of the text is to reflect the way how the refugees themselves
at present assess the motivation for their leaving of the land of their forefathers, how they
evaluate their adaptation and integration with respect to the locality in which they live, how
did they cope with the „resettlement shock“ and how did they succeed in the „competition“
with the majorite society, for example at work. The final part of the text presents the
differences in assessment of the return migration process and in evaluation of the locality
between the first and second generation of the return migrants. The text was based on
repreated guided interviews and observations realized in the locality of Kopidlno during the
years 2008–2010.
Keywords: ethnology, social anthropology, migration, adaptation, cultural shock, Ukraine, the
Czech Republic.
Jana Procházková, Čeští kolonisté na Slovensku v období první ČSR na příkladu kolonie Sülly
(Šulany).............................................................................................................................173
(Czech colonists in Slovakia in the period of the First Czechoslovak Republic on the
example of the colony Sülly (Šulany))
Abstract: This article focuses on the establishment and development of a new form of
settlements, called “kolonie” [colonies] in southern Slovakia during 1921–1938. These
settlements resulted from an extensive land reform when large tracts of land, originally
belonging to Hungarian counts, were offered to Czech and Slovakian farmers. This paper,
based on the settlers’ writings and on the interviews with the settlers’ children, follows their
steps in a new environment, the village of Sülly (Šulany), where they were surrounded mostly
by Hungarian neighbours. It also examines the settlers’ attempts to preserve their identity by
pursuing and fostering traditions from the regions of their origin as well as their effort to cope
with different traditions and customs of their Hungarian neighbours.
Keywords: Slovakia, Czechoslovakian land reform.
Jana Jetmarová, Bolívie: země indigenního environmentalismu? Několik úvah nad paradoxy
bolivijského politického projektu..................................................................................... 187
(Bolivia: the land of indigenous environmentalism? Some considerations upon the
paradoxes of the Bolivian political project)
Abstract: The article ponders over the environmental paradoxes of the Bolivian political
project. The government of Morales aspires to establish a system based on social justice,
environmentally conscious politics and the respect for the indigenous populations of the
country. The new Political Constitution was adopted that guarantees the political, cultural and
territorial rights of the indigenous groups and delineates a well-developed framework of the
environmental protection. As one of the first states of the world Bolivia admitted the legal
status of nature and adopted „Law of Mother Earth“. However, to these legislative measures
contrasts sharply the economic strategy of the country, based almost exclusively on mining,
industrialization and commercialization of the natural resources. The government of Morales
intensified the mining of the fossil fuels and prepares the way for a gigantic project of mining
and processing of lithium on the Bolivian salt flats. Socio-ecological consequences of these
activities might be catastrophic. We think that the ambivalent environmental attitude of the
government of Morales is caused, primarily, by its effort to match up two inconsistent
principles: on the one hand the anthropocentric concept of economic growth, modernity and
progress and on the other the indigenous concept of „good life“ that became the official
moral-ethical principle of the Bolivian state.
Keywords: Bolivia, environmentalism, indigenous, hydrocarbons, lithium, Evo Morales.
Emil Souleimanov – Kamil Pikal, Perspektivy ázerbájdžánského nacionalismu a separatismu
v Íránu.............................................................................................................................. 213
(Perspectives of Azerbaijani nationalism and separatism in Iran)
Abstract: Notwithstanding lack of detailed and freely accessible data, this paper examines the
heavily underresearched issue of ethno-nationalism and separatism amid Iran's largest ethnic
minority, Azerbaijanis, in an attempt to identify whether they may pose a threat to the
territorial integrity of the Islamic Republic. Despite the fact that Azerbaijanis, a
predominantly shiite community speaking a Turkic language, have historically been deeply
integrated into Iranian society generating numerous élite members, recent decades have seen a
gradual rise of nationalistic sentiments among them; sentiments that in some occassions have
bordered on claims for secession. The authors claim that this process was instigated by a
range of factors including the obtaining of independence by the post-Soviet Republic of
Azerbaijan, introduction of Turkish and Azeri satellite TV broadcast to Iran’s Azerbaijani
provinces and increasing levels of economic migration from Iranian Azerbaijan to Turkey.
The authors conclude by stating that as of yet, the community of Iranian Azerbaijanis is deepy
divided between religiously-minded assimilationists advocating for the established status quo
and ever radicalized ethno-nationalists whose aim is to at least achieve more ethno-cultural
rights for themselves.
Keywords: South Azerbaijan, Iran, Separatism, Ethnic minorities, Ethnic policy..
ZPRÁVY – NEWS
Lydia Petráňová, Zemřela PhDr. Olga Skalníková, CSc. (11. května 1922 – 1. března
2012)................................................................................................................................. 233
Jana Pospíšilová, Zemřela PhDr. Dagmar Klímová, CSc. (2. února 1926 – 2. března
2012)................................................................................................................................. 235
Eva Románková, Česká národopisná společnost členem Poradního orgánu Úmluvy
o zachování nemateriálního kulturního dědictví UNESCO............................................. 236
Miroslav Válka, Oslavy 90. výročí vysokoškolské výuky etnologie (národopisu) na Univerzitě
Komenského v Bratislavě ................................................................................................ 240
Jaroslav Otčenášek, Mezinárodní mítink Etnofolku v Bratislavě, 19.–20. 4. 2012 ...........241
Michal Pavlásek, Mezinárodní studentská konference (Re)searching Europe: Narrating the
Past, Making the Present and Imagining the Future. 26.–29. 4. 2012 Istanbul................ 243
LITERATURA – REVIEWS
Stanislav Komárek, Ochlupení bližní. zvířata v kulturních kontextech. (Jan Kapusta)..... 245
Radmila Lorencová, Spiritualita uživatelů alkoholu a marihuany. (Zuzana Korecká)....... 246
Zdeněk Lipský – Markéta Šantrůčková – Martin Weber a kolektiv, Vývoj krajiny
Novodvorska a Žehušicka ve středních Čechách. (Veronika Kucrová) .......................... 248
Jaroslav David, Smrdov, Brežněves a Rychlonožkova ulice. Kapitoly z moderní české
toponymie. (Přemysl Mácha) .......................................................................................... 249
Lidová architektura na území MAS Pošumaví (vedoucí redaktor Luboš Smolík).(Jiří
Novák).............................................................................................................................. 251
Zdeněk Uherek, Češi v Bosně a Hercegovině. Antropologické pohledy na společenský život
české menšiny v zahraničí. (Naďa Valášková) ................................................................252
Josef Koudelka, Cikáni. (Renata Weinerová) .................................................................... 254
3 / 2012
EDITORIAL – PREFACE
Jiří Woitsch, Národopisné dílo Boženy Němcové – úvodem k monotematickému číslu Českého
lidu.................................................................................................................................... 257
(Ethnographical Work of Božena Němcová – Introduction to the Monothematic Issue of
Český lid)
STATI – ARTICLES
Daniela Stavělová, Tanec v literární tvorbě Boženy Němcové: fikce, nebo fakta?............. 259
(Dance in the literary work of Božena Němcová: fiction or facts?)
Abstract: Even a cursory reading of the fiction work of Božena Němcová reveals frequent
mentions of dance. The scenes often take place during dancing. The dancing assumes the role
of the image in which the important moments of the plot structure are integrated. The patterns
of behavior emerge during the dance that turn into testimonies of collectively shared reality.
Therefore, the question arises on the sense of these reflections of the dance. Can they serve as
a source of information on the dance practices of the time tance, or are they only a product of
a literary fiction? This also provokes considerations as for the motivations for depicting the
folk dance tradition and what else it reveals about the mutual relations in a given sociocultural millieu. The article will consider if the dance situation can be considered as a literary
device and if the description of the manifestations of folk dance culture could be understood
as responding to the contemporaneous interest in traditional village culture as embodiement of
positive values, as it reflected in the works of the so called village realists of the second half
of the nineteenth century.
Keywords: dance, semiotic, national movement, microhistory, fiction.
Irena Štěpánová, Slovenské obrazy Boženy Němcové......................................................... 281
(„Slovak Images“ of Božena Němcová)
Abstract: The paper deals with the activities of the writer Božena Němcová in Slovakia in the
years 1851–1855. She visited Slovakia four times in this period (three times she visited her
husband who worked here in civil service, her last stay was intended as a cure, while most of
the time Němcová devoted to ethnographical research). All her stays resulted in contributions
based on active observation, ethnographic and folkloristic research, consultations with a
number of Slovak intellectuals dealing with both humanities and natural sciences. The results
of the individual stays differ both in form and quality. They proceed from journalistic
"causerie" towards serious attempts of monographic elaboration of natural background,
history, demography, sociological, ethnographical and gender facts of a given region. The
contribution to folkloristic is outstanding. The writer used Slovak inspirations also in her
fiction. Thanks to her activities, Božena Němcová belongs to the history of Slovak ethnology.
Keywords: Božena Němcová, ethnography of Slovakia, agriculture, folk architecture, folk
garments, folk food, folk alternative medicine, broad family, ethnic minorities, assimilation,
urban ethnology, gender.
Jaroslav Otčenášek, Pohádky a pověsti Boženy Němcové – adaptace lidových podání..... 299
(Božena Němcová´s Tales and Legends – The Adaptation of Folk Stories)
Abstract: The article focuses on the analysis of collections of fairy tales and legends of the
Czech revivalist Božena Němcová, especially those in the Czech language. The specific
clusters of tales are being analyzed one by one, as for the frequency of textual emendations
made by B. Němcová. The most modified were the magical tales, less modified the anecdotic
and humoristic ones, only slight changes were applied to animal, legendary and cumulative
tales. All the changes correspond to the „mythological school“ of her time, but unlike Erben
Němcová did not sought for the mythological origins of the texts, but rather aimed at
expanding them and adapting them in accord with the conviction of the Czech National
Movement on the crucial importance of the popular culture.
Keywords: Božena Němcová, tales, national movement, folklore, legend, mythology.
Marie Bahenská, Liberální matka Božena Němcová?......................................................... 307
(A liberal mother Božena Němcová?)
Abstract: The preserved correspondence of Božena Němcová can be used as a source for an
analysis of her attitude to her children. The letters enable us to reflect if these attitudes
diverged from the conventions of the time, to what degree her personal experiences reflected
in her raising of the children and what priorities she envisioned for them. The principles
Němcová quoted can be to a certain degree seen as representing a clash of only slowly
changing social norms (i.e. the notion of the patriarchal family with father-provider) and the
rapidly changing social and economic reality. Němcová herself was forced to submit to the
economic situation of her family and through her own income tried to improve its situation.
As for the raising of the children, she mostly advocated traditional views. However, we can
consider modern her conviction of the importance of first-rate education, without regard to
gender. As for the future professions of her children, she viewed this question in a practical
way, considering the possibilities for professional fulfilment and salary. There is a marked
difference in the approach of Němcová to her sons and to her only daughter, influenced of
course by the fact of their greater or shorter distance from home, but also probably by certain
traditional and gender-stereotypical thinking. The educational style of Němcová should not be
considered liberal, as she most often reminded her children of their duties, moral principles,
obedience, respect and responsibility.
Keywords: nineteenth century, Czech lands, Božena Němcová, motherhood.
Milena Secká, Lásky Ferdinanda Pravoslava Fingerhuta Náprstka. Kultura a strava české
vlastenecké společnosti 2. poloviny 19. století pohledem Náprstkova deníku................. 319
(Passions of Ferdinand Pravoslav Fingerhut Náprstek. Culture and cuisine of the Czech
patriotic society of the second half of the nineteenth century as seen through Náprstek´s
diary)
Abstract: Among the admirers of Božena Němcová belonged also the Prague brewer
Ferdinand Fingerhut. In the correspondence of Božena Němcová he was almost always
alluded to in connection with eating, drinking or theatre. As reveals his diary from the years
1886–1887, food, drinks and theater played very important role in his life. The preserved
diary is, first and foremost, a cookery book that reveals the everyday life of the bourgeois
household and its dietary regimen in the second half of the nineteenth century. Besides, for
Ferdinand Fingerhut and his daughter Božena were very important the home musicaldeclamation entertainments that they organized in their household. Music and recitations were
performed in presence of such personalities as Antonín Dvořák, Karel Bendl, Helena
Röslerová or Otýlie Sklenářová Malá. The diary thus also renders possible the study of the
cultural activities of this important patron of the Czech theatre.
Keywords: Božena Němcová, Ferdinand Fingerhut, Antonín Dvořák, bourgeois cuisine,
Czech theatre.
Věra Svobodová, Společenské zpěvníky jako kulturní fenomén českého národního
obrození............................................................................................................................ 339
(Social songbooks as a cultural phenomenon of the Czech National Revival)
Abstract: As a basis of this article served the catalogue of Czech social songbooks that the
author made use of in the form of computer database for the Department of Ethnomusicology
of the Institute of Ethnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences. On the basis of the recent
analysis of these songbooks and with regard to results of previous researches, at first the
origin and development of the Czech social singing in the first half of the nineteenth century
is explained, including the characteristics of central personalities (A. J. Puchmajer, J. J. Ryba,
V. J. Tomášek, V. Hanka, F. M. Kníže, A. Jelen, J. K. Chmelenský, F. Škroup, F. L.
Čelakovský, F. J. Vacek Kamenický, J. K. Tyl, V. J. Picek and K. Havlíček Borovský) and
publications (among others, Věnec ze zpěvů vlastenských [Garland of Patriotic Songs], 1835–
1839, 1843–1844). In the second part the period of one hundred years of the phenomenon of
Czech social songboks is reviewed (1848–1948); accentuated is, in especial, the foundational
importance of Společenský zpěvník český [Czech Social Songbook] of J. B. Pichl (1851),
realized with later musical cooperation of J. L. Zvonař (1863).
Keywords: social song, social songbook, catalogue of social songbooks, Czech National
Revival.
ZPRÁVY – NEWS
Jiří Chmelenský, Mezinárodní seminář Vodní mlýny IV. Vysoké Mýto, Regionální muzeum
Vysoké Mýto, 10.–12. 10. 2011....................................................................................... 363
LITERATURA – REVIEWS
Luboš Kafka – Tomáš Petráň, Od Popelce do Provody. Nositelé tradic II. (Věra Frolcová).
............................................................................................................................................. 365
Zdeněk Vejvoda, Plzeňsko v lidové písni I. Antologie historických zápisů hudebního folkloru
19. a 20. století. (Jaroslav Fiala)..................................................................................... 368
Virginia Smithová, Dějiny čistoty a osobní hygieny. (Dana Motyčková).......................... 369
Peter A. G. M. De Smet, Different Truths; Ethnomedicine in Early Postcards. (Veronika
Beranská)......................................................................................................................... 371
Petr Janeček (ed.), Folklor atomového věku. Kolektivně sdílené prvky expresivní kultury
v soudobé české společnosti. (Jaroslav Otčenášek)........................................................ 372
Jorg Baberovski (Jörg Baberowski), Vrag jesť vezdě. Stalinizm na Kavkaze. (František
Bahenský)......................................................................................................................... 374
Dana Bittnerová – David Doubek – Markéta Levínská, Funkce kulturních modelů ve
vzdělávání. (Renata Weinerová)...................................................................................... 375
Zuzana Hubinková a kol., Multikulturní poradenství na vysokých školách v České republice:
sbírka případových studií. (Jaroslav Otčenášek)............................................................. 377
Terézia Kvapilová, O sící a žácí, svátkoch aj pátkoch Závodzanú (Juraj Jonáš)...............378
Jaroslav Geraskov Otčenášek, Jak muži přišli ke svému údu aneb Bulharský erotikon.
Legendy, pohádky a humorky z Bulharska a Makedonie. (Jan Luffer)........................... 379
Lenka Budilová, Dědická praxe, sňatkové strategie a pojmenovávání u bulharských Čechů
v letech 1900–1950. (Michal Pavlásek)........................................................................... 381
3 / 2012
STATI – ARTICLES
Michal Gärtner – Dušan Drbohlav, Akulturace expatriotů v českém prostředí (vyšší manažeři
versus „český lid“)........................................................................................................... 385
(Acculturation of sojourners in Czechia (executive managers versus “the Czech people”))
Abstract: Acculturation of expatriate executive managers was examined in the sample of 16
sojourners transferring managerial know-how to companies in Czechia, using a structured
longitudinal interview survey including in depth personal interviews. The interviews were
conducted six and eighteen months after the arrival of respondents in Czechia. The
respondents were contacted as they became available during the period 2006 to 2010. The
results indicate that acculturation of sojourners in Czechia proceeded, as expected according
to the international literature, broadly in line with the Hofstede’s acculturation “U“ curve
(Hofstede 1997). The qualitative analysis points to a number of problems, the sojourners had
to deal with during their acculturation including: dependence on communication in English,
while recognising potential advantages associated with the knowledge of Czech language,
cultural distance – particularly the uncertainty arising from the inability to correctly predict
Czech behaviour, lack of openness limiting the Czech ability to form a broader world view,
lack of mutual respect between the Czech co-workers, a degree of Czech xenophobia and
underestimation of certain predictors of successful acculturation such as social engagement
with the Czech hosts. Research also points to a number of helpful coping strategies.
Keywords: expatriote executive managers, acculturation, longitudinal survey, qualitative
approach, Czechia.
Lenka J. Budilová, „Ať se neztratí jméno.“ Jména a pojmenovávání u bulharských
Čechů................................................................................................................................ 407
(„So that the name won’t be lost.“ Names and naming among the Bulgarian Czechs)
Abstract: This article deals with naming practices among the Czechs who lived in the first
half of 20th century in two Bulgarian villages – Vojvodovo and Belinci. It is based on
fieldwork carried out among the people who migrated in 1950 from Bulgaria and settled in
several towns and villages in South Moravia (region of Mikulov and Valtice), and their
descendants. Naming practices of the Bulgarian Czechs are analyzed in relation to naming
strategies of the Bulgarians in the given period, and it is argued that the role that was fulfilled
by surnames among the Czechs was fulfilled by first names among the Bulgarians.
Relationship between the naming strategies and ideas about kinship and gender are discussed
further.
Keywords: Bulgarian Czechs, names, naming, Vojvodovo, Belinci.
Václav Zeman, Typologie saských náboženských vlivů a jejich projevů u evangelických
obyvatel severočeského příhraničí v 19. století................................................................ 427
(Typology of religious influences from Saxony and their manifestations among the
Protestant inhabitants of North Bohemian borderlands in the nineteenth century)
Abstract: The Patent of Toleration of the year 1781 cleared the way for activities of two
Protestant churches in the Habsburg Monarchy. In the two borderland regions chosen for
analysis – the regions of Děčín and Šluknov – the Protestant inhabitants were affected by the
religious influences from Saxony that acquired various forms. From the period before the year
1620 there was, exceptionally, preserved the Lutheran religion, whose followers visited
churches on the Saxon side of the border. Also, the regions were continuously settled by
Saxon immigrants who were not organized within the structures of the Augsburg confession.
Only after the commencement of industrialization and the subsequent wave of Saxon
immigration was made possible the establishment of independent Protestant choirs.
Absolutely exceptional was the Lutheran choir of Saxon officials in Podmokly that was
founded after railroad had been finished in 1851. Already before the year 1850 the mission of
the renewed Unity of Brethren from Herrnhut instigated the popular religious movement. At
the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth century, religious propaganda of the movement
„Away from Rome“ (Los von Rom), in many cases supported from Saxony, found response in
these regions. The typology of religious influences from Saxony and their manifestations on
the Bohemian side of the border, established on the basis of the examples of Děčín and
Šluknov regions, could be used for the nineteenth century also for other borderland regions
inhabited predominantly by German-speaking population.
Keywords: Bohemia, Saxony, Protestant Church, border.
Zdeňka Dohnalová, Pohledy na smrt očima řeholních sester............................................. 445
(Perception of death through the eyes of nuns)
Abstract: The present article aims to answer the research question: How did the nuns perceive
death, the dying and the deceased? The author presents partial results of her qualitative
research realized among the nuns employed in one of the nursing homes as nurses. The article
presents the perception of the dying persons from part of the nuns, as well as their
professional approach to these persons. Further, the author presents the perception of the dead
persons from part of the nuns, and records their specific ways of dealing with the bodies of
the deceased. As for the results of the research, it can be stated that the nuns perceive dead as
a mysterious event that constitutes part of their and our lives and represents a return to God;
however, in spite of these mostly positive connotations dead is for them a disquieting event.
Keywords: nun, nurse, client, nursing home, death, dying.
Petr Hrtánek – Petra Knesplová, Pohádky jako prototexty apokryfních reprodukcí v současné
české próze....................................................................................................................... 463
(Fairy-tales as prototexts of apocryphal reproduction in contemporary Czech prose)
Abstract: The present study focuses on the intertextual relations between fairy-tale patterns
and their artistic adaptations that are in contemporary literary communication and metacommunication denominated apocrypha. The study analyzes and compares the short story
anthologies of Přemysl Rut V mámově postýlce (In Mummy’s Bed, 2000) and Květa Legátová
Mušle a jiné odposlechy (Shell and Other Eavesdroppings, 2007). Both authors in some of
their stories reproduce in specific way the classical adaptations of folklore tales, or better to
say components of their typical plotlines. The study shows how the intertextual relations
between apocrypha and its fairy-tale prototexts are established and aims to identify the nature
of intertextual transformations of the original tale plots, motives and characters. The basic
procedure of apocrypha writing is the motivic amplification of the fairy-tale that enters the
text either through the quotation or through the basic plotline that is then rewritten anew. The
fairy-tale prototext or the general acquaintance with it constitutes the indispensable perceptual
background of the apocrypha and upon this background the ironic intertextual game with
allegorical or variously actualized meanings is being played. This game “it happened some
other way” is focused on adult recipients, something that sets the fairy-tale apocrypha apart
from the range of post-modern variants of authorial tales.
Keywords: apocrypha, fairy-tales, folktales, intertextuality, contemporary Czech prose.
ZPRÁVY – NEWS
Veronika Beranská, Diversity and Local Contexts: Urban Space, Borders and Migrations
................................................................................................................................ 479
Luboš Kafka, 7. Tagung zur Hinterglaskunst, Maximilian Museum Augsburg, 5.–6. 10. 2012
................................................................................................................................ 480
Barbora Půtová, Nová antropologická periodika: Culturologia; Anthropologia integra.....481
Renata Weinerová, Konference „Sociální začleňování v Česku – nejlepší praxe“, 24. 10.
2012, Radiopalác, Praha......................................................................................... 483
Kateřina Sedlická, Po stopách zdraví a nemoci člověka a zvířat II. Technické muzeum v Brně,
11.–12. září 2012.................................................................................................... 485
LITERATURA – REVIEWS
Magdaléna Rychlíková, Slováci v Praze. Vliv velkoměsta na jejich integraci do českého
prostředí. Stručný společensko-kulturní a politický přehled. (Andrej Sulitka)...... 487
Magdaléna Rychlíková, Životní anabáze jednoho krajana. Ludvík Feigl – Čech známý
neznámý. (Naďa Valášková).................................................................................. 488
Lucie Uhlíková et al., Hudební a taneční folklor v ediční praxi. (Věra Frolcová) ........... 490
Judita Kučerová, Sběratel lidových písní Martin Zeman z Velké nad Veličkou (1854–1919).
Profil – odkaz – hudebně pedagogické inspirace. (Věra Frolcová)....................... 492
Karel Pavlištík, Dřevo, proutí, sláma v tradiční rukodělné výrobě na Podřevnicku. (Josef
Jančář).................................................................................................................... 494
Václav Soukup, Antropologie: Teorie člověka a kultury. (Barbora Půtová)..................... 495
Hana Horáková, Kultura jako všelék? Kritika soudobých přístupů. (Martin Soukup)....... 497
Zdeněk Uherek – Veronika Beranská – Věra Honusková – Anežka Jiráková – Lenka Šolcová,
Analýza státního integračního programu pro azylanty. (Andrej Sulitka)............... 500
Zdeněk Salzmann, Linguistic Anthropology. A Short Introduction. (František Vrhel)..... 502
Pavol Tišliar, Národnostný kataster Slovenska v roku 1940. (Jiří Woitsch)...................... 502
Marta Toncrová – Lucie Uhlíková (eds.), Písně z Kopanic ze zápisů Josefa Černíka. (Jiří
Traxler)................................................................................................................... 505
Alexander Mušinka, Podarilo sa. Príklady úspešných aktivít na úrovni samospráv smerujúcich
k zlepšeniu situácie Rómov. (Renata Weinerová).................................................. 507
Gabriela Kiliánová – Eva Kowalská – Eva Krekovičová (eds.), My a tí druhí v modernej
spoločnosti. Konštrukcie a transformácie kolektívnych identít. (Lýdia Petráňová)
............................................................................................................................................ 509