Macron in Natlangs

ḡ replaced ġ in the fourth edition of this transliteration scheme.[2] The pronunciation of this letter varies depending on dialect.[3] Hans Wehr transliteration does not include capital letters.[2]Macron below is used similarly together with other consonants in Hans Wehr.

In traditional Hepburn Āā, Ēē, Īī are only used in loanwords, Aa aa, Ee ee, Ii ii being used otherwise. In modified Hepburn, only Īī is restricted to loanwords. In both systems the following also applies:

Long vowels are not written with a macron if a morpheme boundary appears in between. Thus /aː/ becomes Aa aa, /eː/ becomes Ee ee, /oː/ becomes Oo oo or Ou ou depending on kana spelling, and /uː/ becomes Uu uu.

There are many deviations from these principles though. For example, a circumflex may be seen used instead of a macron due to keyboard/word processor limitations, accents may be entirely restricted to Uu and/or Oo, /oː/ may variously be romanized as Ou ou, Oo oo, Oh oh regardless of kana spelling, or marking of vowel length may be entirely absent.[6]

In the early history of Māori writing, vowel length was inconsistently marked, and various methods for marking it existed. But nowadays the macron has become the established way of indicating vowel length.[7]

There is much variation in the tones and vowel qualities between different dialects of Min Nan. The vowel qualities here seem to be an approximation between the dialects,[8] while the tones here are as they are pronounced in Taipei.[9]