The use of small unmanned aircraft by the Washington State Department of Transportation by Edward Donald McCormack(
Book
)3
editions published
in
2008
in
English
and held by
28 WorldCat member
libraries
worldwide
Small, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly affordable, easy to transport and launch, and can be equipped with
cameras that provide information usable for transportation agencies. The Washington State Department of Transportation conducted
a series of UAV tests to evaluate their capabilities while also exploring institutional issues. These tests, while exploring
the general capabilities of UAVs, focused on evaluating the use of a UAV as an avalanche control tool on mountain slopes above
state highways. WSDOT's maintenance division has an active snow avalanche control program that is designed to reduce highway
closure time and hazards to motorists, and the use of UAVs was seen as having some potential operational advantages. The UAVs
also captured aerial images suitable for traffic surveillance and data collection. The evaluation found that the main limitation
to UAV use is institutional, particularly the need to obtain approval to fly from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
This approval process will make UAV use a challenge, but these issues may change as the FAA considers new rules

ATIS evaluation framework(
Book
)2
editions published
in
2005
in
English
and held by
26 WorldCat member
libraries
worldwide
Evaluates five Washington State advanced traveler information system projects: Edmonds Ferry Terminal, SR 101, SR 2 and SR
97, SR 395, and Tacoma Traffic Management Center enhancement

Anchorage of large-diameter reinforcing bars grouted into ducts(
Book
)3
editions published
in
2008
in
English
and held by
26 WorldCat member
libraries
worldwide
The use of a few large-diameter reinforcing bars for the construction of precast concrete bridge bents allows simplified construction
by reducing the number of alignments to be made in the field. These bars are grouted into ducts in a precast concrete cap
beam. In the proposed precast concrete substructure system, the grouted bars carry tensile forces across the joint between
the column and cap beam. This joint is the yielding element in the structural system, and it is crucial to the performance
of the structure that the bars yield before other failure mechanisms, including bond failure, occur. However, the cap beam
is typically insufficient to anchor the bar, as the depth of the beam is substantially less than the American Association
of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) bridge code allows. For this project, 17 pullout tests were conducted
to determine the bond characteristics and development length of large-diameter bars grouted into ducts. The bars tested ranged
in size from #8 to #18. Pullout tests conducted with embedment lengths of at least six bar diameters yielded the reinforcing
bar, while the test conducted with an embedment length of 14 bar diameters resulted in bar fracture. The tests and subsequent
analysis showed that the bond of these grouted connections is significantly better than the bond of bars cast directly into
concrete. The development lengths needed to fully anchor the bar are therefore within the depth available in the cap beam