Integrated Pest Management means a pest management system that, in the context of the associated environment and the population dynamics of the pest species, utilizes ail suitable techniques and methods ... [more ▼]

Integrated Pest Management means a pest management system that, in the context of the associated environment and the population dynamics of the pest species, utilizes ail suitable techniques and methods in as compatible a manner as possible and maintains the pest populations at levels below those causing economically unacceptable damage or 1055. FAO-Code- of Conduct 1984. [less ▲]

The risks to fauna associated with the use of pesticides are generally known for individual pesticides. There exists, however, a lack of pub Iished material providing comparative coverage of all ... [more ▼]

The risks to fauna associated with the use of pesticides are generally known for individual pesticides. There exists, however, a lack of pub Iished material providing comparative coverage of all pesticides, although some partial compilations have been published. ln an attempt to redress this situation, we propose here a Toxicity Index covering fish, birds and bees for 169 currently available insecticides. [less ▲]