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PHYLUM NEMATODA ;COMMON NAME: ROUNDWORM What causes this disease: contaminated soil, contaminated food and water, and insects. Genus: Toxocara
Species: Toxocara canisHow they’re spread: Roundworms are quite common in animals, who easily spread the infection when the worm eggs develop into larvae and are in the animals feces. Pets get the infection by eating infected soil, licking contaminated fur or paws, or drinking contaminated water. If the pet is a female and had babies, the babies can get it before birth or after through nursing. Roundworms are zoonotic which means they’re an animal disease that can be spread to humans. Most infections come from accidentally eating the worm larvae or the larvae entering the skin. Children are at risk when they play in dirt or sand boxes where there may be infected feces where the larvae exists. Symptoms: Many individuals don’t show symptoms, but if they’re present they can include lung problems such as coughing with bloody sputum, shortness of breath, and wheezing. Gastrointestinal symptoms include stomach pains, vomiting the worms and passing the worms through bowel movements. Some can experience a fever and skin rash. The worms may also leave the body through the mouth and nose. Most likely to be victims: Children, cats, and dogs. Round worms can give you many deadly diseases and most are deadly and dangerous to human beings. Where they hide out: In the small intestine, they can move around the body until they get back to the small intestine. Treatment: see your doctor if you have symptoms, tell your doctor about any medications, you will most likely be prescribed pyrantel pamoate, mebendazole or albendazole. Take additional medications to help other symptoms. Eat nutritional food. Take herbs these include garlic, clove, wormwood, turmeric and black walnut.

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...I. Platyhelmithes Kayla Smith
A. Structure and Function of Flatworms Period 2
1. Flatworms are the simplest animals with bilateral symmetry.
2. The tissues in bilaterally symmetrical animals develop from three germ layers:
Ectoderm, Mesoderm, and Endoderm.
3. In flatworms, the layers are pressed against one another to form a solid body.
4. Because flatworms do not have a hollow body cavity between the endoderm and mesoderm, they are acoelomates.
5. The acoelomate body plan gives flatworms the thin, dorsoventrally flattened bodies for which they are named.
6. This body shape ensures that no cell in a flatworm is far from the animal’s external environment.
7. Thus, the cells can exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide directly with the environment
through diffusion, allowing flatworms to survive without a circulatory or respiratory system.
8. Like cnidarians, most flatworms have a gastrovascular cavity, which is a gut with a single
opening, and a mouth.
9. Food is taken in and digested in the gastrovascular cavity, and any digested material is
eliminated through the same opening.
10. Most of the sensory organs and nerve cells of flatworms, such as the marine species, are
located at the anterior end of the body. This characteristic is known as cephalization.
11. The classification of...