Possibly minor trauma leading to disruption of the salivary glands/ducts which leads to leakage of saliva into the surrounging tissues.

3

What is a ranula?

A mucocoele that forms under the tongue

4

Why is it important to take plain radiographs prior to a contrast radiograph study?

To ensure correct exposures have been selected and that no artefacts are present that could be confused with a finding in a contrast study.

5

Where do large FBs often get stuck?

The thoracic inlet, heart base and caudal oesophagus

6

When would a FB be pushed into the stomach?

When trapped in the caudal oesophagus.

7

Describe oesophageal healing?

Healing is poor.

No serosa

Segmental blood supply

Constant motion (swallowing & breathing)

Lack of omentum

Tension at the surgical site

8

What is a vascular ring anomaly?

Where a congenital heart defect causes pressure on the oesophagus.

9

What is the correct treatment for a vascular ring anomaly?

Surgical correction of the portion of the oesophagus that has been trapped/compressed.

10

What is the most commone vascular ring anomaly?

Persistant right aortic arch. right aortic arch forms the aorta instead of the left one and ligamentum arteriosum crossed the midline from the left aortic arch and encircles the trachea and oesophagus.

11

How is persistant aortic arch treated surgically, include pre-op care?