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Essential Protocols:

Description:

The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule-Expanded Form (PANAS X) is a 60-item scale used to measure the respondent’s emotions during the past few weeks.

Specific Instructions:

The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule-Expanded Form (PANAS X) scale and scoring are available on the University of Iowa’s Department of Psychology website. The scale is copyrighted by Dr. David Watson and Dr. Lee Anna Clark. Permission to reproduce the instrument is granted for noncommercial applications only; any commercial use would require the express written permission of the copyright holders.

Dr. Watson and Dr. Clark are professors in the Department of Psychology at the University of Notre Dame.

The respondent is asked to read several words and phrases which describe feelings and emotions and enter a number that corresponds to the value on a scale. The 5-item scale ranges from "very slightly or not at all," with a value of 1, to "extremely," with a value of 5.

Protocol Name from Source:

The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule-Expanded Form (PANAS‑X)

Requirements

Mode of Administration

Self-administered questionnaire

Life Stage:

Adult

Participants:

Ages 18 years and older

Selection Rationale

The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule-Expanded Form (PANAS-X) are well-known and commonly used psychometric measures. Internal consistency is high for both the positive and negative scales (Cronbach’s alpha is between 0.83 and 0.90).

Measure Name:

Emotional State

Release Date:

December 13, 2010

Definition

This measure assesses positive and negative aspects of a person’s mood.

Purpose

The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) measures the two broadest dimensions of emotional state (positive and negative affect). PANAS also includes subscales used to measure more specific emotions within these broad groupings. Positive affect and negative affect have been associated with mental health problems such as depression and anxiety.