Rules and regulations

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The attractiveness of the Exchange's markets is maintained by providing an efficient and well regulated market place.

Orderly markets are maintained via rules, guidance and through the monitoring of trading and market activity. Stock Exchange Notices disseminate amendments to market rules and guidance. The Exchange's primary aim is to provide issuers, intermediaries and investors with attractive, efficient and well-regulated markets in which to raise capital and fulfil investment and trading requirements. The revised Rulebook also aligned the rules more closely with the structure of the trading system and simplified them where possible to make them more user-friendly.

The Rules are therefore closely linked to the operation of the trading system and should be read in conjunction with the Guide to the trading system and the parameters. Definitions Core rules Trading rules: The Exchange will permit when issued dealing in a security provided that the Exchange is satisfied that there can be a fair and orderly market for the trading of that security. This section explains what to do if you have a complaint and how to make it. This is most likely to be useful to private investors.

Where the Exchange declares a member firm to be a defaulter, under the An introduction to trading in the financial markets set of the London Stock Exchange, this page provides a link to additional information for member firms and market participants. Suspensions and Restorations file xlsx - 71 An introduction to trading in the financial markets set.

The Exchange accepts no responsibility for the content of the website you are now accessing or for any reliance placed by you or any person on the information contained on it. By allowing this link the Exchange does not intend in any country, directly or indirectly, to solicit business or offer any securities to any person. The Exchange accepts no responsibility for the content of the reports you are now accessing or for any reliance placed by you or any person on the information contained therein.

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Retail Bonds Structured Products. Forms and agreements currently used by Member Firms for regulatory purposes. The dividend procedure timetable is available from the downloads below. Provides detailed guidance of procedures, costs, timescales associated with buying-in. In addition an issuer must apply to the London Stock Exchange to be admitted to trading on the main market.

The Exchange has a set of straight-forward admission and disclosure standards that will help you to gain admission to the main market. News and events Market news. You will be redirected in five seconds. Forms and agreements Forms and agreements currently used by Member Firms for regulatory purposes.

Dividend procedure timetable The dividend procedure timetable is available from the downloads below. Buying in Provides detailed guidance of procedures, costs, timescales associated with buying-in. When issued dealing The Exchange will permit when issued dealing in a security provided that the Exchange is satisfied that there can be a fair and orderly market for the trading of that security. An introduction to trading in the financial markets set a complaint This section explains what to do if you have a complaint and how to make it.

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Electronic or scripless trading , sometimes called e-trading or paperless trading is a method of trading securities such as stocks , and bonds , foreign exchange or financial derivatives electronically. Information technology is used to bring together buyers and sellers through an electronic trading platform and network to create virtual market places. Electronic trading is in contrast to older floor trading and phone trading and has a number of advantages, but glitches and cancelled trades do still occur.

For many years stock exchanges were physical locations where buyers and sellers met and negotiated. Exchange trading would typically happen on the floor of an exchange, where traders in brightly colored jackets to identify which firm they worked for would shout and gesticulate at one another — a process known as open outcry or pit trading the exchange floors were often pit-shaped — circular, sloping downwards to the centre, so that the traders could see one another.

With the improvement in communications technology in the late 20th century, the need for a physical location became less important and traders started to transact from remote locations in what became known as electronic trading. Set up in , NASDAQ was the world's first electronic stock market, though it originally operated as an electronic bulletin board [ citation needed ] , rather than offering straight-through processing STP.

By investment firms on both the buy side and sell side were increasing their spending on technology for electronic trading.

Traders also increasingly started to rely on algorithms to analyze market conditions and then execute their orders automatically. The move to electronic trading compared to floor trading continued to increase with many of the major exchanges around the world moving from floor trading to completely electronic trading.

While the majority of retail trading in the United States happens over the Internet, retail trading volumes are dwarfed by institutional, inter-dealer and exchange trading. However, in developing economies, especially in Asia, retail trading constitutes a significant portion of overall trading volume [8]. For instruments which are not exchange-traded e. US treasury bonds , the inter-dealer market substitutes for the exchange.

This is where dealers trade directly with one another or through inter-dealer brokers i. They acted as middle-men between dealers such as investment banks. This type of trading traditionally took place over the phone but brokers moved to offering electronic trading services instead.

Similarly, B2C trading traditionally happened over the phone and, while some still does, more brokers are allowing their clients to place orders using electronic systems. Many retail or "discount" brokers e. Charles Schwab , E-Trade went online during the late s and most retail stock-broking probably takes place over the web now. Larger institutional clients, however, will generally place electronic orders via proprietary electronic trading platforms such as Bloomberg Terminal , Reuters Xtra , Thomson Reuters Eikon , BondsPro, Thomson TradeWeb or CanDeal which connect institutional clients to several dealers , or using their brokers' proprietary software.

For stock trading, the process of connecting counterparties through electronic trading is supported by the Financial Information eXchange FIX Protocol. Used by the vast majority of exchanges and traders, the FIX Protocol is the industry standard for pre-trade messaging and trade execution. While the FIX Protocol was developed for trading stocks, it has been further developed to accommodate commodities, [9] foreign exchange, [10] derivatives, [11] and fixed income [12] trading.

For retail investors, financial services on the web offer great benefits. The primary benefit is the reduced cost of transactions for all concerned as well as the ease and the convenience. Web -driven financial transactions bypass traditional hurdles such as logistics. Exchanges typically develop their own systems sometimes referred to as matching engines , although sometimes an exchange will use another exchange's technology e.

Exchanges and ECNs generally offer two methods of accessing their systems —. From an infrastructure point of view, most exchanges will provide "gateways" which sit on a company's network, acting in a manner similar to a proxy , connecting back to the exchange's central system.

Many brokers develop their own systems, although there are some third-party solutions providers specializing in this area. Some banks will develop their own electronic trading systems in-house, but this can be costly, especially when they need to connect to many exchanges, ECNs and brokers. There are a number of companies offering solutions in this area. Many types of algorithmic or automated trading activities can be described as high-frequency trading HFT , which is a specialized form of algorithmic trading characterized by high turnover and high order-to-trade ratios.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Not to be confused with E-Trade. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources.

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