APWH Themes Review

Main

Creation, Expansion and interaction of economic systems

Barter Economy

This was the only economic system in the world until Darius I in 522 B.C.E

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Neolithic Revolution

9000 BCE

Sheep were domesticated as a source of food in about 9000 BCE, which indicates the change from nomadic life to settled farming.

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Silk Road

141 B.C.E

Under the emperor Wudi in the Han dynasty this exchange was from east Asia to Mesopotamia.

Landlord System of China

100 B.C.E. - 8 C.E.

Peasants were required to work on the landlords land, pay taxes, and enlist in the army by state authorities.

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Triangle Trade

1502

The first recorded selling of African slaves of a significant number in the America's occurred in Hispañola.

Encomienda System

1503 - 1720

The Encomienda system legally ended in 1720, however it came to an end long before then. Under this system, Native Americans were forced to perform labor and pay tribute to the Europeans.

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Capitalism

1630

The tulip mania in Holland caused people to make and lost fortunes. Tulip prices abruptly rose then they crashed.

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Sugar Production in Caribbean

1680

Sugar cane was the major crop in the caribbean where entire plantations and islands were devoted to its production. These plantations produced 80-90 percent of the sugar used in Western Europe.
In Barbados, the median plantation size in 1680 had about 60 slaves working to produce sugar.

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Industrialization in India

1850

India was a big producer of textiles. Industrialization in India is tied with its independence. Exploited and disregarded factory workers revolted against their employees and the British colonists who were one and the same.

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Industrialization in Latin America

1870

After independence, Latin America tried to become like European societies, with industrialization. Though they did not really industrialize, certain areas like Mexico and Brazil did try to produce manufactured goods such as textiles.

Development and Interaction of Cultures

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Pyramids

2600 BCE

Tombs built to preserve bodies of ancient rulers in Egypt

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Confucianism

550 BCE

Founded by Kong Fuzi in China. Five Relationships

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Buddhism

550 BCE

Founded by Siddhartha Gautama in India. Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path

Ming Dynasty Maritime Technology

1405 - 1433

Led by Admiral Zheng He in China

Mughal Empire

1526 - 1707

Religious Conflict evident between Muslims and Hindus. Akbar accommodated it with policies of religious toleration. Aurangzeb reversed policies in favor of Muslims

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Ukiyo-e

1860

Japanese woodblock print that signified the shift into a more secular focus in art and culture in Japan

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Pan-Africanism

1900

Movement that supported African unity and the end of colonialism. Kwame Nkrumah was an influential figure

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Yellow Fever Vaccine

1937

Max Theiler invented the Yellow Fever Vaccine in South Africa

Development and transformation of social structures

The Practice of Sati

400 - 1829

started in the Gupta Empire, and was banned by the British in 1829.

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Formation of the idea of ethnic nationalism

400

In ancient Greece Herodotus listed kinship, language, cults, and customs as the definition of Greek identify, this led to social structure with “hereditary” citizens at the top and other races below them.

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Roman social and economic class distinction

471

Plebians and Patricians

Food Binding

960 - 1279

Started in the Song dynasty and in the early 20th century the practice began dying out

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Korean Family Life

1300

Korea began to model their family life after the chinese, and as a result enforced Confucian Orthodoxy.

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Hindu Caste System

1500

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Encomienda System

1503

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Japanese slowed population growth

1570

Japanese family size began to shrink as steps were taken to reduce the number of children in each household

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Russian Serfdom and Emancipation of the Serfs

1861

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Women's suffrage established

1893

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Feminism

1900

began in the early 20th century

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Apartheid

1948

Apartheid, a system of racial segregation between the white minority and nonwhite majority, was officially name in South Africa in 1948

State Building, Expansion, and Conflict

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Islam as a unifying trans-regional structure

650

Arabs conquered the Byzantine and Persian empires by the late 7th century and swept east and south from Europe down to North Africa and Southern Asia.

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Hogen Rebellion

1156

Ming Dynasty Tributary System/ Zheng He's Maritime Exploration

1405 - 1433

Le Loi Revolt

1418 - 1427

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Songhay empire conquers Mema and Timbuktu

1465

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Conquest of Aztec Empire

1521

The Haitian Revolution

1791 - 1804

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Brazilian War of Independence

1821

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Global Structures: United Nations Formed

1945

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Rise of Communism in China (Revolution of 1949)

1949

Interaction Between Humans and the Environment

Early Settlement Near Water Sources

4000 BCE - 1200 BCE

Settled in river valleys and near water sources because agriculturally based societies that needed water to agriculturally thrive.

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Irrigation Systems in Egypt Created

3000 BCE

Created to regulate natural flow of Nile river.

Bantu Migration

1600 BCE - 700 CE

Expansion of Bantu tribes of Central and Southern Africa.

Population Growth in the Song Dynasty

960 CE - 1279 CE

Resulted from the dynasty reestablishing centralized control over China, economic developments, etc.

The Great Dying

1492 - 1650

Death of many Native Americans as a result of increased contact with Europeans.

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Trading-Post Empires

1500

Sought to control local economies because wanted increased influence in thriving Asian economy.

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Migration into Pakistan

1947

Resulted from Partition of India - seeking to escape from being religious minority.

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Trans-Siberian Railway Created

1980

Created by Russian Tsar Nicholas II. Used in Russo-Japanese war, as well as for trade purposes. Still used for exports today.