United Nations New Agenda for the Development of Africa
in the 1990s, G.A. res. 48/214, 48 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No.49) at
56, U.N. Doc. A/48/49 (1993).

The General Assembly,

Reaffirming its resolution 46/151 of 18 December 1991,
the annex to which contains the United Nations New Agenda for
the Development of Africa in the 1990s,

Also reaffirming its resolution 45/253 of 21 December
1990 on programme planning, in which the economic recovery and
development of Africa are spelt out as one of the five overall
priorities reflected in the medium-term plan for the period 1992-1997,

Recalling its resolutions 45/178 A to C of 19 December
1990 and 45/200 of 21 December 1990 on the critical economic situation
in Africa and on commodity problems, respectively,

Taking note of decisions 92/19 of 26 May 1992 and 93/17
of 18 June 1993 adopted by the Governing Council of the United
Nations Development Programme on the New Agenda,

Taking note also of resolution CM/Res.1415 (LVI) of
28 June 1992 of the Council of Ministers of the Organization of
African Unity on the New Agenda,

Noting the continuing efforts of the Secretary-General
to ensure the successful implementation of the New Agenda,

Convinced that growth and development on a sustained
and sustainable basis can come about only as a result, inter
alia, of the full participation of the people, particularly
women, in the development process,

Recognizing the persistent efforts undertaken by many
African countries to implement political and economic reform policies,
and reaffirming the crucial importance of adequate social services
and facilities to meet the basic needs of the populations and
economic human-centred development, further recognizing the importance
of good governance to meet overall development objectives,

Mindful of the need for African countries to diversify
their economies, particularly their primary commodities, with
a view to modernizing African production, distribution and marketing
systems, enhancing productivity and stabilizing and increasing
African export earnings in the face of the persistent decline
of the prices of many primary commodities and the continuous deterioration
in the terms of trade of African economies,

Reaffirming the importance of addressing the challenges
facing African agricultural sectors, inter alia, drought, desertification,
land degradation, locust infestation, land management and incentive
structures, so as to achieve African food security as outlined
in the New Agenda,

Deeply concerned by the constrained financial resource
flows to Africa aggravated by rising debt and debt-service obligations
and low private investment flows, and noting that Africa is the
only continent experiencing a negative net transfer of resources
in the 1990s,

Acknowledging the positive impact of substantive official
development assistance transfers to Africa,

Reaffirming also the commitments on resource flows,
including private direct investment, as contained in paragraphs
29 and 30 of the New Agenda,

Mindful of the need for African countries to increase
and mobilize internal resources for sustainable development through,
inter alia, policies for the promotion of domestic savings, improved
and accessible banking facilities and further improvements in
traditional practices of capital formation at local levels,

Taking note of the Tokyo International Conference on
African Development, held on 5 and 6 October 1993, and of the
Declaration adopted at that Conference,

Having considered the report of the Secretary-General
on the preliminary consideration of the implementation of the
New Agenda, the report transmitted by the Secretary-General on
the need for and feasibility of the establishment of a diversification
fund for Africa's commodities, and the report of the Secretary-General
on financial resource flows to Africa,

1. Reaffirms the high priority attached, in the medium-term
plan for the period 1992-1997, to Africa's economic recovery and
development, including the effective implementation of the United
Nations New Agenda for the Development of Africa in the 1990s
as integrated in Programme 45;

2. Notes with appreciation the establishment of a panel
of high-level personalities to advise and assist the Secretary-General
on African development, in particular on the implementation of
the New Agenda, and requests that this panel continue to meet
regularly under the chairmanship of the Secretary-General and
that its recommendations be made available to the Member States;

3. Commends African countries for the actions undertaken
to promote an economic environment conducive to growth and development,
in conformity with their commitments under the New Agenda, and
calls upon them to pursue vigorously those responsibilities and
commitments in order to achieve growth and development on a sustained
and sustainable basis;

4. Urges all United Nations organs, organizations and
programmes to integrate the priorities of the New Agenda in their
mandates, to allocate sufficient resources for their operation
and to improve further the use of available resources;

5. Recommends that, as part of capacity-building assistance,
interested African countries be assisted in the monitoring of
the impact of the work being undertaken in the context of the
implementation of the New Agenda and in ensuring the participation
of community-based groups, particularly women;

6. Renews its call upon the international community
to pursue vigorously its responsibilities and commitments under
the New Agenda in order to provide full and tangible support to
the African efforts;

7. Recognizes the importance and high priority to be
given to African regional and subregional cooperation and integration,
and urges the United Nations system and its organizations to allocate
sufficient technical and financial support to African regional
economic groupings, including the African Economic Community,
in order to contribute to their effectiveness in the process of
African economic development;

8. Urges the multilateral financial institutions, recipient
countries and donor countries, within the conceptual framework
and design and

9. Invites the preparatory bodies of all forthcoming
conferences of the United Nations system to take into account
the specific needs, requirements and priorities of the African
countries, as outlined in the New Agenda;

10. Invites the Secretary-General to strengthen the
capacity and capability of the Secretariat to raise international
awareness of the urgent international and African actions needed
to overcome the economic crisis in Africa, and to reinforce the
capabilities of the Office of the Special Coordinator for Africa
and the least developed countries to follow up, monitor and evaluate
implementation of the New Agenda and, in the process, provide
an effective framework for the Economic and Social Council to
consider the implementation of the New Agenda in 1995 as part
of its high-level segment, as well as for the General Assembly
to conduct a mid-term review of the implementation of the New
Agenda in 1996, in accordance with paragraph 43 (b and c) thereof;

11. Calls upon the Secretary-General of the United Nations
to work in close coordination and cooperation with the Secretary-General
of the Organization of African Unity, in particular, on the follow-up
to and review and evaluation of the implementation of the New
Agenda;

12. Welcomes the report prepared by the Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations and transmitted by the Secretary-General
entitled "Need for and feasibility of the establishment of
a diversification fund for Africa's commodities";

13. Affirms the need for further efforts to promote
the diversification of African economies;

14. Stresses the importance that the Secretary-General,
Africa and an increasing number of countries attach to the necessity
of the proposed establishment and operationalization of a diversification
fund for Africa's commodities;

15. Stresses also the need, in developing diversification
projects and programmes, to make full and effective use of existing
funding mechanisms;

16. Stresses further the need to fill gaps that may
exist in the funding available for diversification of related
activities in Africa;

17. Decides to address rigorously the full range of
issues related to the diversification of African economies, with
particular attention to the issues outlined in paragraphs 14,
15 and 16 of the present resolution, and for this purpose to convene
in the first quarter of 1994, on the basis of background documents
to be prepared by the Secretary-General, intensive consultations
involving concerned and interested States, together with relevant
financial institutions and United Nations organizations, including,
inter alia, the African Development Bank, the World Bank, the
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the Economic
Commission for Africa, the United Nations Development Programme,
the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and
the United Nations Industrial Development Organization;

18. Decides also to take full account of the conclusions
of those consultations in determining, during its resumed forty-eighth
session, the appropriate actions to be taken to strengthen support
for the diversification of African economies, including the proposed
establishment of new funding arrangements, together with the organization
of follow-up activities, such as seminars or expert workshops;

19. Encourages African countries to establish national
diversification councils, as recommended in the report transmitted
by the Secretary- General, including representatives from the
Government and the private sector;

20. Urges the international community to increase financial
resource flows to Africa, as these are crucial to regenerate growth
and sustainable development of the African economies, to provide
effective support to the political and economic reforms in which
many African countries are now engaged and to help cushion adverse
social impact;

21. Reaffirms the recommendations stipulated in paragraphs
23 to 28 of the New Agenda concerning Africa's debt problem, and
in that context invites the international community to address
Africa's external debt crisis and debt problems of African countries,
including continuing to give serious consideration to the proposal
for the convening of an international conference on Africa's external
indebtedness;

22. Urges States to implement the undertakings they
have made to attain the agreed international targets of devoting
0.7 per cent of gross national product to official development
assistance and 0.15 per cent to least developed countries as soon
as possible and to provide a better environment for the realization
of the suggested estimate of the need to achieve an average of
a 4 per cent real growth in annual financial resource flows to
Africa, as outlined in paragraph 29 of the New Agenda;

23. Requests the Secretary-General to undertake a study,
in consultation with relevant financial institutions, recommending
appropriate measures further to improve financial intermediation
systems and practices in African countries to be submitted to
the General Assembly at its fiftieth session, which should take
into account an in-depth analysis of the current traditional systems
and practices of capital formation at the local level and the
kind of support measures the international community could provide;

24. Urges African countries to continue their efforts
for the improvement of the investment climate, and urges donor
countries to support those efforts by, inter alia, providing increasing
assistance to human resources development and to the rehabilitation
and development of the social and economic infrastructure;

25. Requests Governments and organs, organizations and
bodies of the United Nations system and intergovernmental and
non-governmental organizations, within their respective spheres
of competence, to take appropriate measures in order to implement
the commitments contained in the Tokyo Declaration of 6 October
1993 and to take other initiatives, as may be necessary, with
the participation of interested parties from Africa and the international
community, to ensure an effective follow-up of the Tokyo International
Conference on African Development;

26. Decides to include an item entitled "Implementation
of the United Nations New Agenda for the Development of Africa
in the 1990s" in the agenda of its fiftieth session.