LEAKING NUCLEAR WASTE CONTAMINATING GROUND WATERCredit Natural News“Hanford Determines Double-Shell Tank Leaked Waste From Inner Tank.”This headline on a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) press release from last October is bigger news than it first appeared. For the first time, the massive storage tanks built to hold some of the most radioactive nuclear waste in the world were found to be slowly leaking.

The United States campaign to build a giant arsenal of nuclear weapons during the Cold War created an environmental disaster at Hanford Site in Washington State. Highly radioactive sludge being leaked threatens to contaminate the region’s water supply.

In February, federal and state officials said six giant underground tanks holding a toxic brew of highly radioactive wastes are leaking at the 570-square-mile Hanford Reservation. The location of this nuclear waste site is right on the Columbia River in South Central Washington State. Dirtiest nuclear waste stored at the Hanford Site

Hanford is known as the dirtiest reactor site in the world. It has 1,000 inactive dumps, 200 square miles of contaminated ground water, and 50,000 drums of plutonium wastes in temporary storage. For nearly 40 years, Hanford’s eight production reactors made plutonium for hydrogen bombs for the US Military. During that process, contractors dumped plutonium, cesium, technetium, tritium, strontium and other isotopes into the air, soil, and ground water. More astonishingly, they even dumped nuclear waste directly into the Columbia River – the drinking water source for downstream cities.

Hanford has 54 million gallons of the high-levelwaste liquids and sludge contained in 177 aged and decrepit storage tanks. Back in the 1980s, the DOE disclosed that up to 69 of the million-gallon tanks may be leaking. February’s disclosure makes 75; six are confirmed leaking.

The human falloutIn 1990, a DOE analysis of radiation exposures downwind from Hanford found that infants and children were heavily contaminated because of drinking contaminated milk. The Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project found that 13,500 people may have received doses over 33 rads of iodine-131 and that infants and children closest to Hanford could have consumed between 650 and 3,000 rads. A single rad can cause thyroid cancer and other illnesses.Cancers, miscarriages and other health problems suffered by people in the area were linked to the deliberate spewing of 5,500 curies of radioactive iodine-131 to the atmosphere in a Dec. 3, 1949, experiment called “green run,” and on the offhand dispersal of 340,000 curies in 1945 alone.

Hanford’s latest six leaks are just a microcosm of the radiation leaked from the site which continues to leak deadly nuclear waste to the Columbia River resulting in a plague of cancer and disease that seems to have no end. What is Washington State doing about this? Washington Governor Jay Inslee and the U.S. Department of Energy are each looking for answers from a private company managing the most dangerous radioactive waste at the Hanford Site, where plutonium was made for the U.S. nuclear arsenal.Inslee has asked his top Hanford adviser to begin inquiries into the situation with the leaking double-shell tank, a spokesperson for his office said.Inslee said, “We’re going to be reviewing this. We know how diligent I want this state to be of having a zero tolerance policy … on leaking radioactivity. It is the right policy. It is demanding, but it is legally enforceable and we’re going to continue to insist on that policy.”

Inslee added: “We are going to be insistent that our federal partners be open and transparent with us to the extent humanly possible, that we are and will be reviewing what happened in this particular circumstance.”

OXYGEN DEPLETION – AIRCRAFT

The environmental impact of aviation occurs because aircraft engines emit heat, noise, particulates, and gases which contribute to climate change and global dimming. Airplanes emit particles and gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, lead, and black carbon which interact among themselves and with the atmosphere. Despite emission reductions from automobiles and more fuel-efficient and less polluting turbofan and turboprop engines, the rapid growth of air travel in recent years contributes to an increase in total pollution. International aviation emissions have escaped international regulation. Apart from problems of emissions, aircraft consume huge quantities of oxygen which may be of more concern.

“There is no evidence for the CO2 climate driver proposition in the real world using real dataover hundreds of thousands of years. World temperatures do not follow CO2…”

…They are highly reflective, causing morelight and heat to be reflected back out to space…

GLOBAL COOLING – ICE AGES

Although this book is more concerned with global cooling, [which is a possibility]
it covers many aspects of climate change. We therefore commend it to anyone looking for scientific info on a broad scale, – both in time and space.?…Even if there is a slight global warming at present, it would be difficult to prove that this is caused by industrial atmospheric pollution. Global climate is never stable in any case, and short-term oscillations of a few centigrade degrees are probably a perfectly normal feature of our environment. Other atmospheric changes have seriously been considered as factors in the waxing and waning of the world’s ice cover. The ozone composition of the upper atmosphere is thought to be affected by solar flares and also by industrial pollution, [fluorides] but it is not certain how much global cooling and warming can be accounted for by changes in the ozone layer. Volcanic eruption may also affect the climate, especially if there are many large-scale eruptions over a short space of time which add volcanic dust [and fluorides] to the atmosphere. However, it is now thought that the effects of volcanic eruptions are short-lived, and it has been demonstrated that volcanic dust seldom remains in suspension in the atmosphere for more than seven years after an eruption… ?

OTHER ISSUES DEALT WITH IN THIS BOOK INCLUDE:

— INTERNAL —

1 Variations in the Earth’s core – alterations in the output of heat from radioactive materials [natural] inside the Earth.

2 Alterations in the direction and strength of the convection currentswhich may exist within the Earth’s mantle. – geothermal heat flux.

3 Frequency of reversals of the Earth’s magnetic fields.(Over 80 in the last 2,000 million years.)

— SOLAR —

4 Our sun is a slightly variable star.Its energy is output is not a constant. – Opic.

5 There may be a ‘flickering’- on a timescale of the order of 250-300 million years.

6 Many periodicities have been recognized or assumed, ranging from millions of years? to less than a year.

7 Solar emission cycles with periods of between 200,00 and 400,000 years have received particular attention.

8 Sunspot cycles. [11 year average]

9 Precession of the equinoxes: 21,000 – 25,000 years

10 The obliquity of the Earth’s orbit: c. 41,000 years

11 The eccentricity of the Earth’s orbit: 90,000 – 100,000 years

— GALACTIC —

12 The Solar System moves up and down through the galactic plane.

13 The effects of interstellar dust veils.

14 Solar winds from other stars.

15 Changes in spin-rate of the Earth.

Each of these factors might lead independently to small coolings and warmings of the global climate, but substantial climatic changes such as those involved in the initiation of an ice age can probably not occur until three factors are ‘favourable’ phased at the same time…

— The Little Ice Age in West Antarctica —

It synchronous with the Little Ice Age in the Northern Hemisphere “probably caused by a change in solar and volcanic forcing”…

Hydrothermal vents exist at the ocean floor, 2100m (7000ft)
below the surface.They exist in many oceans around the world,
especially in the Pacific and Atlantic.

HELIUM-3

China, India and Russia are also space nations. China is planning to mine Helium-3 on the moon, where it is plentiful, for a future fusion economy. Fusion power (not radioactive) based on Helium-3 will give us all clean energy for thousands of years.

– Thorium Reactors –

Thorium reactors COULD be a safer alternative than uranium, but this would not suit the military – (no bomb material) or the uranium industry, as it would give more nations access, to power, as thorium is more ubiquitous than uranium. Both India and China are researching this now. (Australia has the largest known deposits of Thorium in the world.) Info on Thorium reactors ⇒HERE

– Wind –

Japanese breakthrough will make wind power cheaper than nuclear power.

A surprising aerodynamic innovation in wind turbine design called the ‘wind lens’ could triple the output of a typical wind turbine, making it less costly than nuclear power.

NOTE: Some major wind projects like the proposed

TWE Carbon Valley project in Wyoming are already pricing in significantly lower than coal power – $80 per MWh for wind versus $90 per MWh for coal – and that is without government subsidies using today’s wind turbine technology.

Coking Coal:Coking coal, also known as metallurgical coal, has low sulphur and phosphorus content and can withstand high heat.
Coking coal is fed into ovens and subjected to oxygen-free pyrolysis, a process that heats the coal to approximately 1,100 degrees Celsius, melting it and driving off any volatile compounds and impurities to leave pure carbon. The hot, purified, liquefied carbon solidifies into lumps called “coke” that can be fed into a blast furnace along with iron ore and limestone to produce steel.

Steaming Coal:Steam coal also known as thermal coal, is suitable for electric power production.Steam coal is ground into a fine powder that burns quickly at high heats and is used in power plants to heat water in boilers that run steam turbines.
These need to haveScrubbers on the smoke stacks.

A few solar cells in China – just a few!

DC wind turbines offer greater efficiency.

— NEW SOLAR CELLS + D C Wind Turbines —

The new efficient solar cells that respond to none visible light, (still work on cloudy days), optical double sided cells, DC wind turbines that can operate at any wind speed and do not require a gearbox. Peaking power plants and base load hydro-power from stored water pumped up behind dams by wind turbines, at off peak times, offer some cleaner options until we progress further with cold or hot fusion (helium 3), conversion of water into hydrogen, or the harnessing neutrinos, or whatever scientists discover in the future…

USA RESEARCH

Japan’s tragic nuclear experience may stimulate some new developments worldwide. However industrial corruption, electronic sabotage and debt banking in the USA will hinder these technical developments there and, its support for Israel with its endless Middle East wars will bleed the USA white, financially, thus reducing its research and development potential.

The myth of global warming, driven by massive well-financed media-protected propaganda, has persuaded many politicians and centers of learning that carbon dioxide (CO2) is a problem. But, as explained above, ‘It ain’t necessarily so’.

The Australian “Carbon Tax” will WAS TO be paid in-part to theUnited Nations World Government not by choice, – but by law.

‘Prime Minister Julia Gillard’s new tax will would be used to allow Australia to meet its share of a $100 billion-a-year United Nations fund to transfer wealth from rich countries to help undeveloped nations adapt to global warming. The Gillard Government is was party to a UN agreement which Climate Change Minister Greg Combet entered into in December at a meeting in Cancun, Mexico, under which about 10 per cent of carbon taxes in developed nations will go into a Green Climate Fund.

… They [Australians] do not want a carbon tax, not because they do not care about the environment but because they know that it will do nothing for the environment.
They know that it will not lower global temperatures one jot or tittle.
We absolutely know that and no-one has ever disputed it.
They also know that billions of their dollars are going to be sent offshore to unaccountable regimes or organisations.
You are going to see it go to an international United Nations fund and you are also going to have to buy permits from nations which have a less than rigorous reputation for financial transparency and honesty. These are things that concern us…

[He makes no mention of other atmospheric pollutants,– still he has got it right so far! ]

‘MARINE SNOW’ – PART OF NATURES CARBON SEQUESTRATION –

… Because of the relatively long residence time of the ocean’s thermohaline circulation, carbon transported as marine snow into the deep ocean by the biological pump can remain out of contact with the atmosphere for more than 1000 years. That is, when the marine snow is finally decomposed to inorganic nutrients and dissolvedcarbon dioxide, these are effectively isolated from the surface ocean for relatively long time-scales related to oceancirculation. Consequently, enhancing the quantity of marine snow that reaches the deep ocean is the basis of several geoengineering schemes to enhancecarbon sequestration by the ocean.Ocean nourishment and iron fertilisation seek to boost the production of organic material in the surface ocean, with a concomitant rise in marine snow reaching the deep ocean. As of yet, these efforts have not produced a sustainable fertilization that effectively transports carbon out of the system…

Credit Wikipedia

… The small percentage of material not consumed in shallower waters becomes incorporated into the muddy “ooze” blanketing the ocean floor, where it is further decomposed through biological activity. About three-quarters of the deep ocean floor is covered in this thick, smooth ooze. The ooze collects as much as six meters (20 feet) every million years. It is usually 289 meters (948 feet) thick, – but can be up to nearly 10 kilometres(6.2 miles) thick…Credit NOAA – Wow, that IS a lot of carbon !

This means that the ‘pause’ in global warming has now lasted for aboutthe same time as the previous period when temperatures rose, 1980 to 1996

The world stopped getting warmer almost 16 years ago,according to new data released last week.

The figures, which have triggered debate among climate scientists, reveal that from the beginning of 1997 until August 2012, there was no discernible rise in aggregate global temperatures.

This means that the ‘plateau’ or ‘pause’ in global warming has now lasted for about the same time as the previous period when temperatures rose, 1980 to 1996. Before that, temperatures had been stable or declining for about 40 years.

Some of the 91 volcanoes at the south pole
may also change the climate !

Hydrogen is currently being touted by the CSIRO and the government as Australia’s next major energy export industry, valued at up to $1.6 billion by 2025, and as a potential replacement for natural gas and petrol.

Current methods for creating hydrogen from solar power involve running an electric current generated by solar panels through water and requires either highly toxic cadmium or very expensive platinum as a catalyst to kick off the process.

Curtin University’s Dr Guohua Jia said the new process uses an extremely common, and much safer material, zinc selenium, which is sold in many pharmacies around Australia as a vitamin supplement.