Muscle Spindles

Golgi Tendon Organ

sensitive to tension and force that synapses with inhibitory neurons that synapse with alpha neurons and cause relaxation relieving the tension applied to the tendon; functions to protect the muscle from too much stretch

Dynamic Muscle Contraction

Isotonic Contraction

during dynamic work, continual changes in joint angle and speed result in changes in strength needs; constant addition or subtraction of motor units recruited causes the muscle to adapt to constantly changing tension requirements (iso=same or constant and tono=tension)

Eccentric Contraction

Maximal Strength or Absolute Strength

Relative Strength

the performance of athletes classified by wight or athletes who must overcome their own body mass depends less on maximal strength than on the proportion of maximal strength to body mass (relative strength= maximal strength/ body mass)

Sarcopenia

Aerobic Metabolism

Anaerobic Metabolism

Phosphagen System

energy production for muscular activity fueled by immediate ATP and creatine phosphate muscle stores;has a limited supply therefore the duration of an activity is short, but it produces very large amounts of energy within a short period of time rate of recovery is rapid; yields 1 ATP

Anaerobic Glycolytic System

results in lactic acid build up; can produce energy without the presence of oxygen, energy production for muscular activity is fueled by stored glycogen and blood glucose; yield 2 ATP but it takes longer to produce thus slowing a person down

Triglyceride

Mitochondria

Metabolic limiting factors

the system requires continuous and adequate supplies of oxygen and fuel sources that are necessary for aerobic metabolism and the rate of ATP utilization must be relatively slow to allow the process to meet the energy demands

Primary Roles of the Cardiovascular System

transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues, carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs, nutrients from the digestive system to other areas in the body, and waste products from sites of production to sites of excretion