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Five Officials Referee Position - Kickoff ABefore Kick: 1Position: R’s five-yard line on lineman’s side near inbounds line 2Count R players 3Check positions of other officials. 4Hold arm above head to request ready signal from officials and kicker. 5After ready signs have been received, drop arm and sound whistle to signal that kick be made. 6If short free kick is anticipated: aTake position near R’s 10-yard line bBe alert to assist other officials Four Officials: Position: Near R’s 5- or 10-yard line inside sideline opposite linesman

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Five Officials Referee Position - Kickoff BAfter Kick: 1Kick down the middle: aSignal clock to start when kick is touched other than first touching by K. bPick up runner and follow until releasing to covering official. 2Deep kick: aRetreat to goal line to rule on touchback bIf kick is caught inside 5-yard line and player is downed in end zone, or ball goes out of bounds there, rule on whether player’s momentum took him into end zone and mark spot of catch with bean bag. 3Kick outside opposite inbounds line: aMove cautiously with play bObserve action of other players in vicinity of runner. cServe as clean-up behind, to side of, and around runner. 4Kick out of bounds – determine if R had touched ball inbounds Four Officials: Same

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Five Officials Referee Position - Running Play AAfter ball is spotted: 1Declare ball ready-for-play by using established procedure. 2Position: Behind Team A (Distance back or to side varies with A’s formation, usually 3 to 4 yards deeper than deepest back.) aOn passing arm side of quarterback. bAble to view tackle on far side and backs. 3Check Following: aOne-second count after huddle or shift bNumber of A players and eligible backs. cSnap irregularities and movement of linemen. 4Be alert for illegal shift or player in motion. Four Officials: Check 25-second count

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Five Officials Referee Position - Running Play BAfter snap: 1Areas of Responsibility: aKey tackle on opposite side. If he blocks aggressively, read run. If he pass blocks, read pass. bBall, runner, action around runner and blocks behind him to neutral zone. cIf action is not in direction of original position, move toward or parallel to scrimmage line, maintaining position approximately in line with runner’s progress. dDelay moving immediately toward line of scrimmage to avoid hindering reverse or delayed play and to assure maximum vision of play. 2Move behind play toward side of field to which play advances to cover runner if he is downed near line. 3Check Following: aIllegal use of hands by players of A. bAction behind ball and away from runner near neutral zone. cAction on quarterback after handoff. Four officials: Responsibility - If there is a score and no foul, give touchdown signal and record score

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Five Officials Referee Position - Running Play 3Check Following: continued dSignal from linesman or line judge indicating foremost point of ball on quick-line plays. eBackward or forward pass when ball is thrown. fOut-of-bounds spot behind neutral zone. 4Continue to observe action behind neutral zone before leaving area. 5Responsible for runner until he crosses neutral zone. 6When the ball is dead: aMove quickly to its location. bBe positive of ball location before sounding whistle. cSignal number of next down. 7Help spot ball, then give ready-for-play signal and whistle. 8If first down has been made or change of team possession has occurred, give time-out signal to stop clock unless already stopped by rule. Four Officials: Same

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Five Officials Referee Position - Forward Pass AAfter ball is spotted: 1Declare ball ready-for-play using established procedure. 2Position: On passing arm side of quarterback and able to see ball and quarterback 3Count A players. 4Identify eligible backs. BAfter snap: 1Read block of offensive tackle on opposite side. 2Observe all blocks behind the neutral zone. 3As passer retreats, remain wide and deeper than passer. 4Give special attention to contact with passer: aAfter ball is released, continue to observe passer, not flight of ball. bVerbally alert defenders when passer has released ball. 5Determine whether pass is forward or backward. Four Officials: Position - Behind Team A (most advantageous to situation). Distance back to side varies with A’s formation to be able to view tackle on far side and backs

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Five Officials Referee Position - Scrimmage Kick AAfter ball is spotted: 1Check down and distance with linesman. 2Declare ball ready-for-play by using established procedure. 3Position: 3-4 yards in advance and 5-7 yards outside player in kicker’s position, on kicking-leg side. 4Be able to see ball and observe all backs. 5Count K players Four Officials : Same

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Five Officials Referee Position - Scrimmage Kick BAfter snap: 1Watch for fouls behind neutral zone especially near kicker. 2Be alert for blocked kick and be ready to rule on recovery. 3After ball crosses neutral zone, observe line play. 4Move downfield slowly following kick. 5Watch for fouls and be ready to pick up runner if there is long return. 6Determine from covering official if ball was touched beyond neutral zone and by whom. 7Kick out of bounds in flight: aLong kick-line up covering official with spot ball crossed sideline by using an outstretched arm. bShort kick-go directly to out-of-bounds spot. 8If no foul, signal linesman to move line-to-gain equipment 9Obtain ready sign from linesman before giving ready-for-play signal. Four Officials : Check with line judge for possible fair catch

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Five Officials Referee Position Field-Goal Attempt or Try AAfter ball is spotted: 1Position: About 1 yard to rear and 2 to 3 yards to side of potential kicker, facing holder and able to see holder receive ball. 2Count K players. 3Observe kicker, holder and opposite side tackle. Four Officials : Rule on motion of backs within line of vision.

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Five Officials Referee Position Field-Goal Attempt or Try BAfter snap: 1Watch for fumble by holder. 2Cover as usual if run or pass. 3Assist in sideline coverage if run develops to vacated line-judge side. 4Signal score or no score after receiving signal from line judge and/or back judge. 5Rule on roughing kicker or holder. 6If try is blocked, immediately sound whistle and give the no-score signal. 7If field goal is blocked, ball remains live. Four Officials: 1Be alert for run or pass, but if ball is kicked, move quickly behind kicker into line of flight of ball. 2Rule on kick after getting signal from line judge if ball passed over crossbar.

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Five Officials Referee Position Goal-Line Play APosition and cover same as scrimmage play. BDo not give touchdown signal from behind runner unless obvious. CGive touchdown signal if touchdown has been signaled by another official and no foul occurred Four Officials:Same

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Five Officials Referee Position After a Touchback, Safety, Try or Field Goal ADeclare ball ready-for-play by using established procedure. BCount proper team players. Be alert for illegal substitutions. Four Officials:Same

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Five Officials Referee Position Administering Penalties AWhen ball is dead following a foul: 1Give time-out signal. 2Get full information from official who called foul. 3Give preliminary signal to press-box side of field only. 4Give options to captain of offended team. 5When captain’s most advantageous choice is obvious, quickly inform him. 6When captain does not respond, his silence shall be considered acceptance of obvious choice. Once made, it cannot be revoked. 7Make note of enforcement spot for penalty. 8After ball has been spotted, give final signal for foul to press-box side of field only. BWhen penalty is declined: 1Go to spot of ball. 2Give foul signal followed by penalty-declined signal to press box.

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Five Officials Referee Position Administering Penalties CWhen there is a double foul: 1Signal each foul, facing press box. 2Follow this with penalty-declined signal DWhen two penalties are enforced, give proper signals following each enforcement. EWhen penalty is to be enforced on kickoff: 1Indicate scoring signal. 2Follow with proper foul signal. 3Point to offending team. 4Point toward succeeding spot. FAccepted penalty for foul by either team during the last timed down of a period, play continues with an untimed down. Four Officials:Same

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Five Officials Referee Position Measuring for First Down using Traditional Rods and Chain AGive time-out signal. BSignal linesman to bring chain onto field CMotion players away from ball. DRotate ball so long axis is parallel to sideline. EIn side zone, measure before ball is taken inbounds. FIf line-to-gain not reached in side zone, use chain to accurately place ball at inbounds spot. GIf ball has gone out of bounds, measure to point where ball crossed sideline. HInside edge of forward rod marks line-to-gain. IWhen measurement is completed: 1Signal number of next down. 2Spot ball at proper place. 3Wait for line-to-gain crew to return to position.

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Five Officials Referee Position Measuring for First Down using Traditional Rods and Chain JIf new series awarded to opponent of team which was in possession when ball became dead. 1Place ball so that foremost point, when it became dead, becomes rear point when the direction is changed. 2 New rear rod set with inside edge at new point of ball so that line- to-gain is 10 yards in advance of this point. KAfter measurement: 1Get ready signs from captains. 2Declare ball ready-for-play by using established procedure. 3If no out-of-bounds, signal clock to start with ready-for-play. 4If first down for Team B, start clock on snap. Four Officials:Same

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Five Officials Referee Position Time-Out Procedure ASound whistle 1Signal “time-out.” 2If time-out is charged to a team, indicate by moving both arms three times in a horizontal motion toward that team. 3If official’s time-out, indicate by tapping chest with both hands. BDuties: 1Check number of time-outs remaining for each team. 2Check time remaining with back judge. 3Check down with linesman. 4Notify coach and captain after third time-out has been charged. 5Take position away from other officials. Observe Team B 6When notified by back judge that 45 seconds have expired, signal linesman and line judge by pointing directly at them to give their teams 15-second warning. 7Inform each team huddle of down and time remaining in period. 8Declare ball ready-for-play using established procedure.

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Five Officials Referee Position Injury Time-Out Procedure ASummon trainer(s) and/or coach(es) on field. BDuties: 1Determine whether injured player is or was unconscious, inform coach that player may not return to game without written approval from a physician. 2Be ready to assist trainer(s) and/or coach(es) in securing additional medical help, if needed. Four Officials:Same

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Five Officials Referee Position Ending-of-Period Procedure AIf field clock is not used: 1Take official’s time-out with approximately four minutes remaining in second and fourth period. 2Inform both captains of time remaining and see that both coaches are notified. 3When time expires and ball becomes dead, sound whistle and repeat time-out signal. BIf field clock is used: 1When facing clock, be responsible for knowing when time expires. 2If time expires prior to snap: aSound your whistle to prevent snap, if possible. bIf ball is snapped immediately after time has expired, sound whistle loud and long, and give time-out signal. CFollowing delay to insure no foul, no obvious timing error, no request for coach-referee conference, and no other irregularity has occurred, hold ball in one hand over head to signal official end of period.

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Five Officials Referee Position Between-Periods Procedure ANote and record down, distance, and yard line nearest foremost point of ball. BAnnounce this information to other officials and confirm with linesman and umpire. CMeasure distance from nearest yard line to foremost point of ball, and estimate distance from inbound line. DIn spotting ball, check again with linesman and umpire. EWhen notified by back judge that 45 seconds have expired, signal linesman and line judge to give their teams 15-second warning. FWhen notified by back judge that 60 seconds have expired, from near the ball announce down and distance. GDeclare ball ready-for-play using established procedure.

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Five Officials Referee Position Between-Halves Procedure AInstruct time operator to keep time during intermission. Responsible for seeing that three minutes is placed on the clock for the mandatory warm-up period prior to start of second half after the intermission time has elapsed. BSignal time to start clock to time intermission. Do not visit with anyone. CGame ball to lineman. DDiscuss situations in dressing room or other private place. EDetermine which team has choice for second half. FEscort captain to center of field. GRelay choices to team bench and press box with appropriate signals.