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New York University historian John Shovlin discusses the question of American influences on the French Revolution. Finding the American role “quite modest,” he describes the powerful forces at work within France that led to revolution in 1789.

Teaching Resource

In trying to understand why people migrate, some scholars emphasize individual decision-making, while others stress broader structural forces. Many early scholars of migration emphasized the importance of "push" and "pull" factors. According to this viewpoint, people decide to leave their homeland when conditions there are no longer satisfactory and when conditions in another area are more attractive.In recent years, many scholars have argued that a thorough understanding of the decision to migrate involves looking at various...