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The ABCs of WWII

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Allied Powers- The countries USSR ( Soviet Union or Russia), United States of America, Egypt, Great Britain , France, etc… joined together and battled against the Axis Powers ( Italy, Japan, Germany, and East Prussia) in World War II. In the end the Allied Powers defeated Japan by dropping atomic bombs on Nagasaki and Hiroshima, Japan.

D-Day stands for Designated-Day. It was very important because the Americans sent out false signals saying they were attacking in Cabis, France, but they were actually attacking in Normandy, France. Because of these false signals Hitler sent most of his best troops there. This was the biggest invasion in history. Facts- 600 warships, 4,000 other boats, 176,000 soldiers, 100,000 tons of supplies, 50,000 vehicles, and more than 325,000 soldiers all landed for this battle.

Hitler came to power and built up a political party called Nazis. Because of the loss of WWI the Germans suffered and turned to Hitler. He promised to win back lost jobs and make them a great nation again. He hated Jews, Poles, and Gypsies. He told his Nazi followers that the reason they had lost WWI was because of Jews and the Nazis believed him. Hitler slaughtered over 6 million Jews and millions of Poles and Gypsies.

In the Holocaust, more than 6 million Jews and several million other people perished in concentrations camps and else where. The mass murder of millions of Jews and other people by the Nazis is known as the Holocaust. The Jews had to wear the Star of David to identify them self.

Internment or Relocation camps were prison-like places for the Japanese Americans. Many Americans feared all Japanese citizens were loyal to Japan and were spies. Despite rough housing conditions, they still should patriotism toward the U.S.

Isolationism-the policy of staying out of international affairs. Isolationism is where one country/state is separated from one another. The U.S. was isolated from the war until the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.

February 19th 1945 U.S. Marines fought on Iwo Jima. This island was important to fight for since it was a key bases to attack Japan. They put the American Flag on Mount Suribachi. Mount Suribachi is about 750 miles away from Tokyo, Japan.

Midway was very important battle to gain an island or key base for the attack against Japan. We broke Japan’s secret code and were ready for the attack! The battle was fought by many aircraft carriers.

On August 9, 1945, the United States dropped the second atomic bomb on the city of Nagasaki, Japan. The bomb killed 60,000 people when it was dropped and for days, radiation killed another 100,000 Japanese people.

While the men where at war, many people showed support and love for one’s own country. Women with husbands gone ran the household. Men that were too young or too old for armed forces filled jobs. Older Americans volunteered for the Red Cross. Many Mexicans created braceros, helping arms. Children also helped. They sent Christmas presents to the soldiers. They also bought War Stamps. These were ways people showed patriotism or love and support for one’s own country.

Queen Elizabeth was the ruler of Great Britain.She refused to leave her castle and her people during the war. Her castle was a brick structure that had a huge garden in front and in the back. During the war, nearby St. Paul’s Cathedral was bombed. The queen was outraged by this.

Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected president in 1932. He grew to become a great president after dealing with the Great Depression and most of World War II. In 1945 Roosevelt died of polio. His country respected him greatly from getting Americans out of the war and the Great Depression.

Joseph Stalin was one of the big three, along with Churchill and Roosevelt. Joseph Stalin was a revolutionary leader who became head of the Soviet Union and the Communist Party. He was a ruthless and ambitious dictator who dealt severely political opponents.

The symbol the Nazis used to identify themselves was the swastika. The Nazis were a large number of Germans who were led by a dictator named Adolf, Hitler. They despised Jews, Gypsies, and people from Poland.

The Tuskegee Airmen were African Americans pilots who fought for the U.S. They were the best of the best. They couldn’t get shot down no matter how hard they tried. Even though they were great, they couldn’t fight with white Americans because of segregation.

After WWII, the United States did not want to make the same mistake it did after WWI. The United States joined a national peacekeeping organization called the United Nations, and allowed the Headquarters to be built in New York City.

During WWII, many people had victory gardens. Victory gardens are gardens that are dedicated to soldiers off in the battlefields fighting. Many people felt that they were a part of the war by planting victory gardens.

Veterans were soldiers who returned from war. The government then put up a new law the GI Bill of Rights. It enabled the soldiers to have money for a house, money to start a business, and other needs. More than 70% of the veterans took advantage of this bill.

The Yorktown was a famous ship and the only one the Japanese sank during a battle in the Pacific. We had discovered their secret code and were ready for the attack. This battle was also a turning point in the war against Japan.

Zyklon B gas - this is a direct quote from the American Adventures SS book " Under the Third Reich, genocide (the deliberate murder of entire groups of people) became a massive industry. Germany's largest corporations competed to design and build efficient death camps. For example, the chemical company I.G. Farben developed Zyklon B, a crystal that could kill hundreds of people in a gas chamber within minutes. Prisoners directed to these chambers often thought they were being led to showers."