2 G. Food Tasting H. Reinforcement that conveys the appropriate nutrition message. I. Hand wipes J. Caregiver Newsletter: Fast Food K. Extension lessons to be given to the teacher V. Procedure: A. Introductory: 1. Lesson Introduction 2. Introduction of educator presenting the lesson 3. Brief introduction about the workshop and its importance to high school students B. Developmental: 1. Slide 1: Fast Food: Healthy or Horrible? 2. Slide 2: Project Sponsors 3. Slide 3: Survey Ask the students the following questions. Try to spark discussion and compare the different responses. a. How many of you eat fast food? b. How often do you eat fast food? c. What is your favorite fast food choice? d. What do you consider fast food? Remind students that fast food can include not only burger and fried chicken restaurants, but also pizza, take-out, corner and convenience stores, donut/bagel shops, street vendors, etc. Emphasize that the points in the lesson apply to food regardless of whether it is from a fast food restaurant, a more formal restaurant, or cooked at home (i.e., fried chicken cooked at home can have just as much fat and calories as something from a fast food restaurant). e. Do you think fast food is healthy or unhealthy? Why? 4. Slide 4: What Are Today s Topics?? a. Topics for today s lesson include fast food and making healthier choices, energy balance, and portion size. 5. Slide 5: Pop Quiz: Which Meal Has the Least Amount of Fat? Take a poll to determine which meal students believe is the lowest in fat. Go through each food choice and discuss why each one has a lot of fat. Also discuss ways to improve each choice or what they could choose in place of these food items. a. Choice #1: The burger packs in a lot of calories and fat, and the large fries are high in fat. A better choice is a small burger and small fries. i. Calories = 1250 for quarter pound burger + large fry ii. Calories = 490 for hamburger + small fry (20g fat instead of 54g) b. Choice #3: Although this is a salad, there are many sources of fat in this meal. The shell is deep fried in oil and contains a lot of fat. Also it contains a lot of ground beef, cheese, and sour cream (Calories = 870). Next time ask for the salad without the shell (500 calories without the shell and only 27 grams of fat). c. Choice #2: This meal is the best choice, at 34g of fat, even though the chicken is fried (Calories = 710; without soda = 500 calories). Ask the students how they could make the meal better. An even better choice will be grilled chicken since fried foods are high in fat. Also, be sure to order dressing on the side, and make sure it is low fat dressing. (A grilled chicken salad with low fat balsamic vinaigrette dressing has only 250 calories and 9 grams of fat). Drexel University, HS Fast Food Lesson Plan, revised 7/14, Page 2

3 6. Slide 6: Fast Food Facts a. Americans spend a lot of money on fast food. Every year we spend more and more on eating out. Ask students why they believe people eat out so much. Possible responses include: to socialize with friends, too busy to cook, don t know how to cook, etc. i. On French fries alone Americans spent $110 billion dollars in This is more money than Americans spend on college. In 1970 we spent $6 billion. b. Americans also eat out a lot. Average American = 198 times/year i. Ask the students to figure out how many times a week this is. (Answer: 52 weeks in a year, so 198/52 = 3.8 times a week.). Have students consider whether they eat out more or less often than average. 7. Slide 7: Too Much Fast Food? a. Think about your health when choosing foods and beverages. Fast food and other restaurant meals are usually high in fat, calories and sodium. Cooking at home gives us more control over the amount of fat, calories, and sodium in our food. b. Eating too much solid fat can raise cholesterol. Show class the model of plaque buildup on artery walls and describe how solid fats (saturated and trans fats) can raise cholesterol which can form plaques on artery walls making the area where blood travels become very narrow. c. Eating too many calories can lead to weight gain. d. High sodium intake is related to high prevalence of high blood pressure in the United States. e. Weight gain and high blood pressure can lead to serious disease such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and some cancers. Many of these health problems require medication or special diets which are sometimes necessary for the rest of life. At this point, it might be important to emphasize that fast food is not the cause of these serious health issues, but rather a potential source of excess calories, fat, and sodium. 8. Slide 8: Fast Food Facts: Portion Sizes a. Portions have increased over the years. With increasing portions come more calories. Have students guess how many calories are in a large order of fries today. b. There has been a 400 calorie increase in a serving of fries. 9. Slide 9: Americans Are Eating More a. Today Americans are eating more than they need. On average most people consume an extra 200 (approximately the amount in a 20 oz soda) calories every day. This is one reason why people are gaining weight. 10. Slide 10: You Do the Math Have students guess how many pounds of weight are gained in 1 year by eating 200 extra calories every day. a. 200 calories x days in a year (365) = calories/year (73,000). Ask students to calculate answer. b. There are 3500 calories in 1 pound. 73,000 calories in a year divided by 3500 calories equals the number of pounds gained in one year (20). Have students calculate answer. 11. Slide 11: Energy Balance a. Energy balance is like a scale it has two sides. One side is calories in and the other is calories out. Ask students how we get calories in (i.e., eating and drinking things with calories) and calories out (physical activity and metabolic functions like breathing, heart beating, digesting food, etc.). b. When calories in equal calories out, we can maintain a healthy weight. Ask students what happens when there is an imbalance. Drexel University, HS Fast Food Lesson Plan, revised 7/14, Page 3

4 c. While we have little control over our metabolism, we can control how active we are. Ask students how much time it would take to burn 400 calories by walking. Remind them that physical activity is important for everyone. d. The answer is 1 hour and 10 minutes. Explain that this information is based on someone who is 160 pounds, so if you are smaller it may take even longer to burn the calories by walking. 12. Slide 12: Maintaining a Healthy Weight a. There are ways to maintain a healthy weight. i. Adolescents and children (ages 6-17) should be physically active every day for 60 minutes. ii. Enjoy your food, but eat less especially foods that are high in solid fats and added sugars (like cakes, cookies, ice cream, candies, sweetened drinks, pizza, and fatty meats like ribs, sausages, bacon, and hot dogs). While sodium does not contain iii. calories, it is also important to cut back on foods high in salt. Calories can add up quickly, making it easy to eat more than our bodies need. If time allows, review the examples of 200 calories with the students and ways to reduce or substitute these things. 1 chocolate cream filled cupcake have one once a week instead of every day 20 chocolate coated peanut candies grab some grapes instead 5 chicken nuggets don t have as a daily snack make them a treat 1 large chocolate chip cookie - eat half or have fruit for dessert 1 fast food medium regular soda (20 oz) choose water or a small instead 13. Slide 13: Fast Food Makeover: Before a. The graph represents the amount of fat in each part of the meal. b. Have the students guess how many calories and fat grams they think are in the meal. Remind them that the average person needs about 2000 calories in a whole day. Once they see the answers, discuss sources of fat (cheese, beef, French fries, ingredients in milkshake). 14. Slide 14: Fast Food Makeover: After a. Have students guess how many calories and how much fat are in the meal. The graph shows a comparison of the fat in the before and after meals. The after meal cut out a lot of fat just by having cheeseburger instead of a quarter pound burger with cheese (smaller portion), a smaller portion of fries (smaller portion), and water instead of a milkshake (substitution). 15. Slide 15: Some Fat Is Good! a. Even though the solid fats often found in fast food can lead to many health problems, we need some healthy fats in moderation for important functions in our bodies. b. Ask students, What are the benefits of fat? i. Helps cushion organs and protect the body. ii. Needed as an energy source for the body. iii. Needed to absorb vitamins A, D, E, and K. c. Ask students, What foods have fats that are good for the body? Certain types of fat (mono- and polyunsaturated fats) are better for the body than the solid fats often found in fast food. Examples include vegetable oils, tree nuts, and fish. 16. Slide 16: Healthy Hints a. Try vegetables on pizza choose fatty meat toppings less often b. Choose grilled chicken cut back on fried foods c. Avoid oversized portions choose a smaller size option d. Be creative try baked potato, side salads, bean burritos, or frozen yogurt make half your plate fruits and vegetables Drexel University, HS Fast Food Lesson Plan, revised 7/14, Page 4

5 e. Ask students, What other healthy hints do you have? 17. Slide 17: Activity: Fast Food Makeover a. Distribute Fast Food Nutrition Guides and Fast Food Makeover worksheet. Review how to use the guide, specifically where to find the amount of calories and total fat. If Fast Food Nutrition Guides are not available, distribute menu packets and focus the activity on total grams of fat only. b. Have the students select a burger restaurant, a pizza restaurant, a Chinese restaurant, and a restaurant of their choice from the guide. Students should first select a meal that they would normally choose from each restaurant and record the amount of calories and fat. After they have determined the total calories and fat in the meal and recorded those numbers on the worksheet, they should makeover their meal so that it has no more than 600 calories and 25 grams of total fat. Students can make substitutions or choose smaller portions. c. Ask some students to volunteer to read their original menus and then their meal makeovers. Was it difficult for them to choose a meal with less than 600 calories and 25 grams of fat? Would they actually eat this meal that they selected for the meal makeover? Is it possible to eat healthier at fast food restaurants? Alternate Activity: Where s the Fat? a. Activity Preparation: i. Use the meal cards to make up containers of shortening to be used in the lesson. There are six separate meals so you will need six containers of shortening. Figure out how many total grams of fat are in each meal. ii. For every 5 grams of fat in the meal, measure 1 teaspoon of shortening. Fill each of the containers with shortening according to how many grams of fat are in the meal. iii. Mark each container with the corresponding letter so that you know what containers represent which meal. b. Procedure for student(s): iv. Give each student a Where s the Fat Guessing Card. They need to estimate how many total grams of fat they think are in the meal and then look at the six different containers of shortening and figure out which meal matches which container. v. You may give the hint that 5 grams of fat is equal to 1 teaspoon of shortening. vi. Reveal the correct letter and the correct amount of fat for each meal, asking for participation and guessing from the class and the group that prepared the plate. Also talk about the calories since this was listed on their original meal cards. c. Discussion points/questions to ask: i. The meals can be thought of as pairs R and L, Q and F, Y and W. For each pair, they both came from the same restaurant and are very similar. But, one is a healthier option. ii. Ask students, Is white or dark meat chicken a better choice? White meat chicken/turkey has less fat than dark. Ask students, What can you do to fried chicken to cut down on fat and calories? Taking off the skin because it contains lots of fat. iii. Order smaller portions of the same type of food (small fry vs. large fry) or substitute lower calorie/fat/sodium foods for the high fat/high calorie items. Ask students, What are some of the healthier side dishes that you have seen? Try fruit and yogurt parfaits, fruit cups, side salads. Small fry = 230 calories, 11g fat vs. fruit and yogurt parfait = 160 calories, 2g fat. iv. Get some vegetables when you can veggies on pizza instead of meat, side salad or green beans instead of a biscuit. Ask students, Why are vegetables important? Drexel University, HS Fast Food Lesson Plan, revised 7/14, Page 5

6 v. What about beverages? A small soda has fewer calories than a large. One could also choose water, diet soda, or 100% juice. Ask students, Is orange drink the same as 100% orange juice? 18. Slide 18: The Fast Food Facts Summarize the main points of the lesson. a. Make Healthier Choices i. Lower calorie, fat, and sodium foods ii. Smaller Portions b. Remember Energy Balance i. Get your physical activity ii. Balance the calories you need with the calories you eat VI. Conclusion of Lesson: A. Distribute hand wipes. B. Provide each student with a food tasting and encourage him or her to make small changes in his or her diet now. Explain why this food is a healthy option. C. Distribute the reinforcement read the message and/or explain the reason why they are receiving the reinforcement. D. Thank the students for their participation and answer any questions the students have. E. Distribute Caregiver Newsletters VII. Extension Lessons: A. How to be Fat Wise B. The Scoop on Fast Food C. Fast Food in Your Community Drexel University, HS Fast Food Lesson Plan, revised 7/14, Page 6

11 Fast Food: Figuring Out the Facts Circle or fill in the best answer as the instructor goes through the slides. The instructor will go over the correct answers. 1. Which meal has the least amount of fat? Meal #1, Meal #2, or Meal #3 (circle one) 2. What changes can be made to Meal #2 to make it a healthier option? 3. On Average, how many times a week are Americans dining out? 4. How many pounds a year are gained by eating an extra 200 calories every day for 1 year? 200 calories X days in 1 year = extra calories in 1 year extra calories in 1 year 3500 calories in 1 pound = pounds in 1 year 5. Name 3 examples of what 200 calories equal. 6. What 3 nutrients or things is fast food generally high in? 7. Weight gain and high blood pressure can be risk factors for 4 types of serious disease. What are these 4 diseases? 8. List 5 healthier choices that you can make at a fast food restaurant. Drexel University, HS Fast Food Lesson Plan, revised 7/14, Page 11

12 Name: Date: Fast Food Makeover Using the Fast Food Nutrition Guide, find the menu for one restaurant where you like to eat. Choose 3 items from the menu that you might typically order and write them in the box below. Look up the amount of calories and fat in each of your items and then add up the totals for your meal. Example: Menu from a Burger Restaurant: Quarter Pound Burger w/ Cheese Large French Fries Chocolate Milkshake My Menu from: (Burger Restaurant) Now try to makeover your meal by choosing healthier items. Choose 3 items from the same menu that add up to less than 600 calories and less than 25 grams of total fat and write them in the box. Example: Healthier Menu Makeover from a Burger Restaurant: Cheeseburger Small French Fries Bottle of Water My Healthier Menu Makeover from: Drexel University, HS Fast Food lesson Plan, revised 7/14, Page 12

13 Now that you ve seen how to cut back on the amount of calories and fat in your fast food meal, try to makeover a meal from a pizza restaurant, a Chinese restaurant, and one restaurant of your choice. Remember that your healthier menu should add up to less than 600 calories and less than 25 grams of total fat. My Menu from: (Pizza Restaurant) My Healthier Menu Makeover from: My Menu from: (Chinese Restaurant) My Healthier Menu Makeover from: My Menu from: (Your Choice) My Healthier Makeover Menu from: Drexel University, HS Fast Food lesson Plan, revised 7/14, Page 13

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