What are the charges?

Eleven counts of obstruction of exercise of religious beliefs resulting in death

Eleven counts of use of a firearm to commit murder during and in relation to a crime of violence

Four counts of obstruction of exercise of religious beliefs resulting in bodily injury to a public safety officer

Three counts of use and discharge of a firearm during and in relation to a crime of violence

How did the shooting unfold?

On Saturday morning, worshippers had gathered at the synagogue for a baby naming ceremony during the Sabbath.

Squirrel Hill has one of the largest Jewish populations in Pennsylvania and this would have been the synagogue’s busiest day of the week.

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The Tree of Life Congregation Synagogue in Pittsburgh

Police said they received first calls about an active shooter at 09:54 local time (13:54 GMT), and sent officers to the scene a minute later.

According to reports, Mr Bowers, a white male, entered the building during the morning service armed with an assault rifle and three handguns.

The gunman had already shot dead 11 people and was leaving the synagogue after about 20 minutes when he encountered Swat officers and exchanged fire with them, FBI agent Robert Jones said.

The attacker then moved back into the building to try to hide from the police.

He surrendered after a shootout, and is now being treated in hospital for what has been described as multiple gunshot wounds.

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SWAT officers were deployed to the scene

The crime scene was “horrific”, Pittsburgh’s Public Safety Director Wendell Hissrich told reporters. “One of the worst I’ve seen, and I’ve [worked] on some plane crashes. It’s very bad.”

Mr Hissrich said no children were among the casualties.

What do we know about the gunman?

US media said he had shouted “All Jews must die” as he carried out the attack.

Social media posts by someone with the name Robert Bowers were also reported to be full of anti-Semitic comments.

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Suspected attacker Robert Bowers

FBI special agent Bob Jones told a press conference that Mr Bowers did not appear to be known to authorities prior to the attack.

He said that any motive remains unknown but that authorities believe he was acting alone.

‘Grief and hurt’

Gary O’Donoghue, BBC News, Pittsburgh

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In the dwindling light, and with the cold autumn rain falling, hundreds gathered in front of the 6th Presbyterian church just a few streets away from the Tree of Life Synagogue.

Holding their candles, they sang the Jewish prayer of healing.

The elders in the community had wanted to wait a day before holding the vigil, but the young people said no – they wanted an immediate chance to share their grief and voice their hurt.

Fifteen-year-old Sophia Levin declared that she was a different Jew today to the one she was yesterday. Anti-Semitism, she said, had been something she thought happened elsewhere and in earlier times; but now she knew it was right here, right now.

Some of these young people have been involved in the student gun control movement that sprang up after the Parkland shooting earlier this year.

One of them, Rebecca Glickman, told the crowd that gun control was needed now more than ever.

She told me that an anti-Semite with a gun is more dangerous than an anti-Semite without a gun, so that’s a good place to start.

What has been President Trump’s reaction?

He called the shooting a “terrible, terrible thing”.

“To see this happen again and again, for so many years, it’s just a shame,” he told reporters.

He described the gunman as a “maniac” and suggested the US should “stiffen up our laws of the death penalty”.

“These people should pay the ultimate price. This has to stop,” he said.

Mr Trump added that the incident had “little to do” with US gun laws. “If they had protection inside, maybe it could have been a different situation.”

Former US President Barack Obama voiced a different position on the ongoing gun law debate, tweeting: “We have to stop making it so easy for those who want to harm the innocent to get their hands on a gun.”

World leaders also condemned the attack, including Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu who said he was “heartbroken and appalled”, and German Chancellor Angela Merkel who said: “We all have to stand up against anti-Semitism, everywhere.”

The New York Police Department said it had deployed officers to synagogues throughout the city as a precaution.