Report: Anti-Semitic incidents doubled last year

A Jewish man looks at exhibit showing the Nazi flag, during a visit at Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial in Jerusalem Sunday, April 11, 2010. The annual Israeli memorial day for the 6 million Jews killed in the Holocaust of World War II begins at sundown Sunday. (AP Photo/Sebastian Scheiner)

/ AP

A Jewish man looks at exhibit showing the Nazi flag, during a visit at Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial in Jerusalem Sunday, April 11, 2010. The annual Israeli memorial day for the 6 million Jews killed in the Holocaust of World War II begins at sundown Sunday. (AP Photo/Sebastian Scheiner)

A Jewish man looks at exhibit showing the Nazi flag, during a visit at Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial in Jerusalem Sunday, April 11, 2010. The annual Israeli memorial day for the 6 million Jews killed in the Holocaust of World War II begins at sundown Sunday. (AP Photo/Sebastian Scheiner) (/ AP)

GRANT SLATER, Associated Press Writer

A visitor stands, left, as a film about anti-Semitism is being screened in the Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial in Jerusalem Sunday, April 11, 2010. The annual Israeli memorial day for the 6 million Jews killed in the Holocaust of World War II begins at sundown Sunday. (AP Photo/Sebastian Scheiner)

/ AP

A visitor stands, left, as a film about anti-Semitism is being screened in the Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial in Jerusalem Sunday, April 11, 2010. The annual Israeli memorial day for the 6 million Jews killed in the Holocaust of World War II begins at sundown Sunday. (AP Photo/Sebastian Scheiner)

A visitor stands, left, as a film about anti-Semitism is being screened in the Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial in Jerusalem Sunday, April 11, 2010. The annual Israeli memorial day for the 6 million Jews killed in the Holocaust of World War II begins at sundown Sunday. (AP Photo/Sebastian Scheiner) (/ AP)

Violent attacks against Jews worldwide more than doubled last year, fueled by a Muslim backlash in Europe in the aftermath of Israel's invasion of Gaza, according to a report released Sunday.

The Tel Aviv University study reported 1,129 anti-Semitic incidents last year, ranging from vandalism and arson against Jewish targets to beatings of Jews. The figure, up from 559 incidents the previous year, was the highest since the survey began more than 20 years ago.

The steepest increase in anti-Semitic violence occurred in Western Europe, especially Britain and France, where protests and anger by Muslim residents boiled over after Israel's invasion of Gaza in December 2008, said the report, compiled by the university's Stephen Roth Institute for the Study of Contemporary Anti-Semitism and Racism.

The Israeli invasion, launched in response to years of Palestinian rocket attacks, killed some 1,400 Palestinians, including hundreds of civilians, according to local officials and human rights groups. Thirteen Israelis also died in the fighting.

Dina Porat, the report's editor, said protests against the war often led to incitement, which in turn erupted into physical violence. "The political goals are imbued with anti-Jewish sentiment, equations of Jews to Nazis," she said.

She said the study tracked only instances of physical violence against Jewish targets. "Verbal violence is violence of course, but we don't count it. Violence we regard as physical, and here we have clear indications."

For the first time in the report's history, incidents carried out by Muslims eclipsed those by right-wing extremists in cases where the perpetrator was identified, the report said.

Incidents in Britain shot up to 374 from 112 in 2008, and to 195 from 50 in France.

The United States registered only a slight increase, according to the study.

Moshe Kantor, president of the European Jewish Congress, which sponsors the report, said that the rise of anti-Semitic sentiment in Western Europe can be blamed on forces outside the region.

"This new phenomenon is financed and organized by pro-Islamic, pro-terrorist organizations and states," Kantor said.

The university issued its report on the eve of Israel's annual memorial day for the 6 million Jews killed in the Nazi Holocaust.