ISB 202 9-23-08 - ISB 202 9-23-08 Disease fighting human...

ISB 202 9-23-08 • Disease –fighting human proteins are called “immunoglobulins” • From the Greek “Proteios” (meaning first place) o The largest and most diverse of macromolecules o Found in all living organisms o Necessary in diets of most animals • Enzymes (1000s in humans) are proteins that make reactions (rxns) go faster. • Hormones- chemical messengers- turn rxns. on or off- not all hormones are proteins but most are • Transport-they help move molecules – through membranes and in blood • Passive transport-does not use energy o Passive transport involves proteins allowing for solutes to pass through the membrane via channels that use no energy o Active transport changes the shape of the proteins as a solutes is passed through • Structural- mechanical support o Part of : hair- cartilage- bone – feathers • Contractile- allow muscles to contract- proteins make up most of muscle tissue and allows muscles to expand and contract • Protective- antibodies are proteins which fight diseases (immune-globulins) • Storage- stored food in seed embryos and eggs – stored for young so that they can start with proteins ready to use • Toxins- some kill bacteria • Communication- cell signaling (receptors on cell surface) – if you have blood sugar in

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