Forty-two Senate Democrats voted against a procedural measure on a bill to give presidents “fast track” trade authority on Tuesday, in a blow to President Barack Obama.

The vote was a setback for Obama’s trade agenda, but the failure of the bill to advance does not mean his quest for fast track is dead. Supporters of the authority may try to bring the legislation to the floor again, though it is unclear when or how. Shortly after the vote, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said he hoped Democrats would “rethink their choice.”

The vote was on opening debate about the bill, a key procedural step toward a final vote. Democrats wanted Kentucky Republican McConnell to combine legislation on fast track — formally called trade promotion authority — with three other pieces of legislation. Among those are a measure cracking down on currency manipulation.

McConnell agreed to package the bill with a measure that aids U.S. workers who are harmed by trade deals, but refused to add the other legislation. He told Democrats they could offer other legislation as amendments later.

That wasn’t enough even for Sen. Ron Wyden of Oregon, a Democrat and major supporter of fast track and a Pacific trade deal strongly backed by Obama. Obama is seeking fast track to quickly complete the Trans-Pacific Partnership, a 12-nation trade deal now being negotiated.

The failure of fast track to advance heightens the possibility that a major part of Obama’s second-term agenda will not be completed. Obama has argued that he needs fast track and the nation would benefit from the Trans-Pacific Partnership, which he has described as countering China’s influence in the Pacific region.

Obama said in an email to supporters shortly after the vote that the U.S. has the opportunity to set the most progressive trade agreement in U.S. history. But he added “I understand the skepticism about this, or any, trade deal.”

“This is our chance to do better, to get it right,” wrote in an email sent out by Organizing for Action, a group of supporters that was formed out of the president’s campaign organization.

McConnell, a supporter of fast track and TPP, voted against the bill, a move used by majority leaders so they can bring legislation back for consideration.

Sen. Tom Carper of Delaware was the only Democrat to vote “yes” on the bill. The Senate’s two independents also voted against it.

McConnell was the only Republican to vote no. All others present voted to advance it.

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