... Transformations and Difficulties—Variables, Data, and Information Much of this discussion has pivoted on information—information in a data set, information content of various scales, and transforming ... their limited data capacity and inability to handle certain types of operations needed in data preparation, data surveying, and data modeling For exploring small data sets, and for displaying ... the data set for mining—to best expose the information contained in it to the mining tool Indeed, the whole purpose for mining data is to transform the information content of a data set that...

... data preparation requires three such steps: data discovery, data characterization, and data set assembly • Data discovery consists of discovering and actually locating the data to be used • Data ... stages: Accessing the data Auditing the data Enhancing and enriching the data Looking for sampling bias Determining data structure Building the PIE Surveying the data Modeling the data 3.3.1 Stage ... variables considered alone Data Set /Data Survey Issue: Well- and Ill-Formed Manifolds This is really the first data survey step as well as the last data preparation step The data survey, discussed...