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Increasing gas export in a troubled semi-rentier state: the case of Egypt

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Since the beginning of the 2011 revolution and the deposition of President Mubarak, Egypt has entered a new phase of political and social unrest. In 2014 Marshal Abdel Fattah el-Sisi won the general elections by an overwhelming majority yet without experiencing an internal social pacification. In this context Egypt participated in the 2015 COP21 and committed itself to both mitigation and adaptation efforts. To date, however, the country has not ratified the Paris Agreement. According to the World Bank, in 2015 Egypt was the richest country in Northern Africa in terms of GDP. With 89 million people, the country was also the most populous of the region in the same year.