What are the priority Emergency Department (ED) presenting conditions for which ED-based Shared Decision-Making should be most urgently developed?

An article in this week’s Wall Street Journal focused on the development and use of shared decision-making (SDM) tools in the emergency department (ED). Decision tools can help engage patients in making decisions about their care, including decisions about which tests and treatments to pursue. In the ED, relevant decisions are (1) decisions involving two similarly reasonable options (“preference-sensitive health care decisions”) and (2) decisions that patients or their families can take some time to consider. The examples mentioned in the WSJ article are