This is a Phase III multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two doses of GSK573719/GW642444 Inhalation Powder and GW642444 Inhalation Powder via a Novel Dry Powder Inhaler and tiotropium via HandiHaler when administered once-daily over a 24-week treatment period in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Subjects who meet eligibility criteria at Screening (Visit 1) will complete a 7 to10 day run-in period followed by a randomization visit (Visit 2) then a 24-week treatment period. There will be a total of 9 clinic study visits. A follow-up phone contact for adverse event assessment will be conducted approximately one week after the last study visit (Visit 9 or Early Withdrawal). The total duration of subject participation in the study will be approximately 26 weeks. The primary measure of efficacy is clinic visit trough (pre-bronchodilator and pre-dose) forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) on Treatment Day 169. Safety will be assessed by adverse events, 12-lead ECGs, vital signs, and clinical laboratory tests.

Change From Baseline (BL) in Trough Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1) on Day 169 (Week 24) [ Time Frame: Baseline and Day 169 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

FEV1 is a measure of lung function and is defined as the maximal amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled in one second. Trough FEV1 measurements were taken electronically by spirometry on Days 2, 28, 56, 84, 112, 168, and 169. Baseline is defined as the mean of the assessments made 30 minutes pre-dose and 5 minutes pre-dose on Treatment Day 1. Trough FEV1 is defined as the mean of the FEV1 values obtained at 23 and 24 hours after the previous morning's dosing (ie., trough FEV1 on Day 169 is the mean of the FEV1 values obtained 23 and 24 hours after the morning dosing on Day 168). Change from Baseline at a particular visit was calculated as the trough FEV1 at that visit minus Baseline. Analysis was performed using a repeated measures model with covariates of treatment, Baseline , smoking status, center group, day, and day by Baseline and day by treatment interactions. ITT=Intent-to-Treat; par.=participants. .

FEV1 is a measure of lung function and is defined as the maximal amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled in one second. The WM FEV1 was derived by calculating the area under the FEV1/time curve (AUC) using the trapezoidal rule, and then dividing the value by the time interval over which the AUC was calculated. The WM was calculated at Days 1, 84, and Day 168 using the 0-6-hour post-dose FEV1 measurements collected on that day, which included pre-dose (Day 1: 30 minutes [min] and 5 min prior to dosing; other serial visits: 23 and 24 hours after the previous morning dose) and post-dose at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, and 6 hours. Change from BL at a particular visit was calculated as WM at that visit minus BL. Analysis was performed using a repeated measures model with covariates of treatment, BL (mean of the two assessments made 30 minutes and 5 minutes pre-dose on Day 1), smoking status, center group, day, and day by BL and day by treatment interactions.

Other Outcome Measures:

Change From Baseline (BL) in the Mean Shortness of Breath With Daily Activities (SOBDA) Score for Week 24 [ Time Frame: Baseline and Week 24 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

The newly developed SOBDA questionnaire assesses dyspnea or shortness of breath (SOB) with daily activities. The SOBDA questionnaire is made up of 13 items completed by the participant (par.) each evening prior to bedtime, when the par. is instructed to reflect on the current day's activities. The daily score is computed as the mean of the scores on the 13 items (>=7 items must have non-missing responses for this to be calculated). The par. is assigned a weekly mean SOBDA score ranging from 1 to 4 (greater scores indicate more severe breathlessness with daily activities) based on the mean of 7 days of data (>=4 of 7 days must be completed for a weekly mean to be calculated). Change from BL is the mean weekly SOBDA score minus BL. Analysis was performed using MMRM with covariates of treatment, BL (mean score in the week prior to treatment), smoking status, center group, week, week by BL and week by treatment interactions. This MMRM analysis only included Weeks 4, 8, 12, and 24.

This is a 24-week, Phase III multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study. Eligible subjects will be randomized to GSK573719/GW642444 125/25mcg, GSK573719/GW642444 62.5/25mcg, GW642444 25mcg, or tiotropium treatment groups in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. Treatments will be administered once-daily in the morning by inhalation using a Novel Dry Powder Inhaler (Novel DPI) and HandiHaler. There will be a total of 9 study clinic visits conducted on an outpatient basis. Subjects who meet the eligibility criteria at Screening (Visit 1) will complete a 7 to 10 day run-in period followed by a 24-week treatment period. Clinic visits will be at Screening, Randomization (Day 1), Day 2, after 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24-weeks of treatment, and 1 day after the Week 24 Visit (also referred as Treatment Day 169). A follow-up contact for adverse assessment will be conducted by telephone approximately 7 days after Visit 9 or the Early Withdrawal Visit. The total duration of subject participation, including follow-up will be approximately 26 weeks. All subjects will be provided with albuterol/salbutamol for use on an "as-needed" basis throughout the run-in and study treatment periods. At screening, pre-bronchodilator spirometry testing will be followed by post-albuterol/salbutamol spirometry testing. Post-albuterol/salbutamol FEV1 and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) values will be used to determine subject eligibility. To further characterize bronchodilator responsiveness, post-ipratropium testing will be conducted following completion of post-albuterol/salbutamol spirometry. Spirometry will be conducted at each post-randomization clinic visit. Six hour post-dose serial spirometry will be conducted at Visits 2, 6, and 8. Trough spirometry will be obtained 23 and 24 hours after the previous day's dose of blinded study medication at Visits 3 to 9. All subjects will be provided with an electronic diary (eDiary) for completion daily in the morning and the evening throughout the run-in and treatment periods. Subjects will use the eDiary to record peak expiratory flow (PEF) each morning, dyspnea scores using the Shortness of Breath with Daily Activities instrument (SOBDA), daily use of supplemental albuterol/salbutamol as either puffs/day from a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) and/or nebules used per day, and any healthcare contacts related to COPD. Additional assessments of dyspnea will be obtained using the Baseline and Transition Dyspnea Index (BDI/TDI) which is an interviewer based instrument. At Visit 2, the severity of dyspnea at baseline will be assessed using the BDI. At subsequent visits (Visits 4, 6, and 8) change from baseline will be assessed using the TDI. General health status will be evaluated using the subject-completed EQ-5D questionnaire at Visits 2, 4, 6, and 8. Disease specific health status will be evaluated using the subject-completed St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) at Visits 2, 4, 6, and 8, and the subject-completed COPD Assessment Test (CAT) at Visits 2, 6, and 8. The occurrence of adverse events will be evaluated throughout the study beginning at Visit 2. SAEs will be collected over the same time period as for AEs. However, any SAEs assessed as related to study participation (e.g., study treatment, protocol-mandated procedures, invasive tests, or change in existing therapy) or related to a GSK concomitant medication, will be recorded from the time a subject consents to participate in the study up to and including any follow up contact. Additional safety assessments of vital signs (blood pressure and pulse rate), 12-lead ECGs and standard clinical laboratory tests (hematology and chemistry) will be obtained at selected clinic visits.

Eligibility

Ages Eligible for Study:

40 Years and older (Adult, Senior)

Genders Eligible for Study:

Both

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

outpatient

signed and dated written informed consent

40 years of age or older

male and female subjects

COPD diagnosis

at least 10 pack-year smoking history

post-albuterol/salbutamol FEV1/FVC ratio of <0.70 and post-albuterol/salbutamol FEV1 of less than or equal to 70% predicted normal values

score of greater than or equal to 2 on the Modified Medical Resarch Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC)

Exclusion Criteria:

women who are pregnant or lactating or are planning on becoming pregnant during the study

current diagnosis of asthma

other respiratory disorders other than COPD

other diseases/abnormalities that are uncontrolled including cancer not in remission for at least 5 years

chest x-ray or CT scan with clinically significant abnormalities not believed to be due to COPD

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Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01316900