Types Of Meaning Essay

4580 words - 19 pages

13. Types of meaning-The basic notions on which the essence of meaning is based are: 1. L/ge is a semiotic system of a specific kindthe most complex and universal among all existing sign system in society.The most important function of all l/ge is the communicative function. 2. L/ge that exists in texts created in the process of communication. 3. L/ge elements are two sided formations in which there is the plain of expression or form and the plain of content meaning and they are interrelated. The referent is the connection between the linguistic sign and the object from the real world.The relation between the sing and tits referential forms is the so called referential meaning. The referent ...view middle of the document...

Different types of meaning play different roles in text belonging to different genres. Referential meaning is characteristic for scientific texts while in fiction what matter is pragmatic meaning. Referential meaning is often sacrified in poetic texts for the sake of preserving the pragmatic meaning. RENDERING OF REFERENTIAL MEANINGSemantic equivalence of linguistic items can be of three types: fully equivalent, partially equivalent, lack of equivalence. Cases of full equivalencewhen words have one lexical meaning (proper and geographical names RussiaÐ ÑƒÑÐ¸Ñ), scientific and technical terms, some other groups of word similar to the above mentioned like names of months, dates, days of the week, numerals. Not all words belonging to these groups have only one meaning- power has two equivalents in Bulgarian ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð°, Ð¼Ð¾Ñ‰. The names of rare animals are fully equivalent.

Partial equivalencea word in one l/ge corresponds to more than one word in other l/ge- has more than one semantic equivalents (characterÑ…Ð°Ñ€Ð°ÐºÑ‚ÐµÑ€, Ð¾Ñ‚Ð»Ð¸Ñ‡Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»Ð½Ð° Ñ‡ÐµÑ€Ñ‚Ð°). Cases of nondifferentiality or indeterminacy of meaning- a word in a l/ge expressing a wider concept can correspond to two or several words in other l/ge each of which are narrower and more determined, refer to a more limited class of objects (Ñ€ÑŠÐºÐ°hand, arm; coldÑÑ‚ÑƒÐ´, Ð½Ð°ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ð½ÐºÐ°). The conclusion is that one l/ge can express difference between certain concepts while other l/ges donâ€™t find it necessary to express the difference. The colours differ in a number of different l/ges or the parts of the day and night (Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ñ‰Ð¸Ðµ- 24 hours, day). Although the words in the two l/ges are equivalent sometimes they can be translated in a different way. The word Ñ‡Ð°ÑˆÐ° is rendered differently in English- gobbler, mug, glass, cup.

1

Cases of lack of equivalenceproper names, geographical names, names of institution, newspapers, magazines, realia (Ñ†ÑŠÑ€Ð²ÑƒÐ»Ð¸, Ð±Ð¾Ð·Ð°, drugstore). These cases are rendered differently: 1.the first type of rendering is translation, transliteration, transcription. In transliteration the words are rendered with the help of the graphical means of different alphabets. In transcription it is sound that is rendered. Transliteration is often used in contemporary fiction. 2. Calquing (ÐºÐ°Ð»ÐºÐ¸)parts of the words are rendered by their direct lexical equivalents (house of cultureÐ´Ð¾Ð¼ Ð½Ð° ÐºÑƒÐ»Ñ‚ÑƒÑ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð°). 3. Descriptive translationalthough this type is not very economical sometimes it is necessary to use it (floorerÐ¾Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñ‡Ð°Ð²Ð°Ñ‰, ÑÐ°Ð¹Ð²Ð°Ñ‰ Ð²ÑŠÐ¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ, Ð²ÑŠÐ¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ Ð½Ð° ÐºÐ¾Ð¹Ñ‚Ð¾ ÑÐµ Ð¾Ñ‚Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ñ€Ñ Ñ‚Ñ€ÑƒÐ´Ð½Ð¾). 4. Close/analogus translation (drugstoreÐ°Ð¿Ñ‚ÐµÐºÐ°). 5. Transformational translation (glimpse-Ð±ÑŠÑ€Ð· Ð¿Ð¾Ð³Ð»ÐµÐ´). RENDERING OF

PRAGMATIC MEANINGpragmatic meaning is connected with the relation between sounds and people, events, processes they refer to. It can also refer to peopleâ€™s experience or to the...

Other Essays Like Types of Meaning

2621 words - 11 pages
conditional sentence can reflect the great importance and difficulty of teaching this grammar. The complicacy of conditional sentences determines that its teaching requires specially designed method.
Based on the verb forms in a clause, conditional sentences can be categorized into four types (first conditional, second conditional, third conditional and zero conditional) (Collins Publisher, 2005, p367). Each type adopts a certain form to express a

2265 words - 10 pages
current liability is business's long-term financial obligations that are not due within the present accounting year examples bonds payable. Three types of liability which XYZ VICKY
retailer normally in business will be current liability which is creditors , accruals and bank overdraft
e) identify three types of non current assets being used normally in the business and discuss them. (10% marks) (50 words)
Answer :
Meaning of non

578 words - 3 pages
ï»¿Types of Vacations:
People all around the world like to take vacations. There are many reasons that people go on vacation and it differs for everyone. There are 4 different types of vacations to consider when planning a trip. The first type of vacation might be a dream vacation, secondly taking a trip to get away and celebrate a special occasion. The third option would be to learn something new or educational while traveling. And lastly

1260 words - 6 pages
Communication
LECTURER: NICOLE KNIGHT
1
What Is Communication?
• Communication
 The transfer and understanding of meaning.
 Transfer
means the message was received in a form that can be interpreted by the receiver.  Understanding is most important, not agreeing.
 Interpersonal Communication
 Communication
between two or more people
 Organizational Communication
 All
the patterns, network, and systems of communications within an

965 words - 4 pages
operating control of the business and to raise capital, four types of business organization merit investigation. Two types of corporations "C" and "S" would provide structure for gaining capital but have substantial documentation requirements. Two types of Partnerships, General and Limited provide the ability to maintain control of the operations of the business but can subject the owner to significant liability. Each of the four options is described in

870 words - 4 pages
Running head: AUDIENCE ANALYSIS PAPER
Audience Analysis Paper
Adrian Perez
Business Communication
Kelly Parker
Audience Analysis Paper
In any organization or business, different types of meeting will take place with the organization which will involve different situations. It is critical to prepare for a business meeting especially when it involves stakeholders, your managers, salespeople, and

503 words - 3 pages
early 8th century, contains the earliest example of true knotted designs in the Celtic manner, with colorful and intricate illuminations.It should be noted that some scholars believe the forms known as Celtic knots may actually be Norse in origin. This theory draws support from the well-accepted idea that the Celts readily adapted ideas from cultures with which they traded.SignificanceWhile analysis of the knots seem to point to eight basic types

290 words - 2 pages
There are three main types of islam the Shia and the Sunni and the Wahabi although we say the Wahabia are non muslims because they kill the sunni and the shia.The shias and the suunis are closely related but there are some sunnis that think that we shia are kafur (Non Muslims)because the ignorant sunnis think we think that Imam Ali should have been Prophet no we dont this is untrue we think Peophet Mohammed is the rightful Prophet but Imam Ali

2372 words - 10 pages
.
Summary of all theories
* Action theories are micro approaches and see society as constructed by people’s everyday actions, interactions and meanings.
* Weber’s social actions theory identifies 4 main types of interaction.
* Symbolic Interactionist’s see meaning as being created through our interactions with others and us taking the role of the other.
* Meanings are not fixed and are negotiable.
* Labelling theory and

643 words - 3 pages
responsibilities of the job: those tasks that
are performed, the types of decisions the person in the
position will make, and responsibility for record-keeping.
2. The qualifications needed to carry out the work: the
physical abilities; general skills; previous experience;
and special training, knowledge, or licenses required.
3. Work environment: the location and work conditions
under which the job is performed and supervision and
contacts with

Related Papers

2564 words - 11 pages
from Old English (OE) were renewed in Modern English (MnE) over the course of time. This paper basically addresses three exploratory questions:
(a) What are the major causes of Semantic Change?
(b) What are the basic types of semantic change?
(c) What are the ultimate consequences of semantic change?
Major Causes of Semantic Change
The meaning of words never change suddenly. It takes time to develop a new meanings and these

1024 words - 5 pages
.
The reading part can be explained by G. LEECH’s 7 types of meaning. According to G. LEECH, there are 7 types of meaning in a word--- conceptual meaning, connotative meaning, social meaning, affective meaning, reflected meaning, collocative meaning, and thematic meaning. The second to the sixth are called associative meaning. IELTS exam does not require us to understand the associative meaning of a word. Instead, we need to know the conceptual

845 words - 4 pages
1. Morphology and syntax as a part of grammar. Main units of grammar and types of relations between grammatical units in language and speech.
The term grammar can be defined in both wide and narrow senses. In its narrow sence grammar is a set of rules for correct use of words and making sentences. In wide sense grammar is a system of word changing and other means of expressing relations of words in a sentence.
If to talk about grammar in its

586 words - 3 pages
Ars Poetica
People often assume that all poetry should possess a deeper meaning. In “Ars Poetica,” by Archibald Macleish, he states his opinions on how a poem should be written and the types of elements it should include. MacLeish employs simple imagery and contrasting diction to criticize the many aspects of modern poetry.
The poet uses simple imagery to convey his views on the proper emotional elements that a modern poem should possess