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N.I.

Statutory Instruments

1977 No. 1250 (N.I. 17)

Family Law Reform (Northern Ireland) Order 1977

[26th July 1977]

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Annotations are used to give authority for changes and other effects on the legislation you are viewing and to convey editorial information. They appear at the foot of the relevant provision or under the associated heading. Annotations are categorised by annotation type, such as F-notes for textual amendments and I-notes for commencement information (a full list can be found in the Editorial Practice Guide). Each annotation is identified by a sequential reference number. For F-notes, M-notes and X-notes, the number also appears in bold superscript at the relevant location in the text. All annotations contain links to the affecting legislation.

PART IN.I.INTRODUCTORY

Title and commencementN.I.

1.—(1) This Order may be cited as the Family Law Reform (Northern Ireland) Order 1977.

(2) Commencement

InterpretationN.I.

2. The Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954 [1954 c.33] shall apply to Article 1 and the following provisions of this Order as it applies to a Measure of the Northern Ireland Assembly.

PART IIN.I.PROPERTY RIGHTS OF ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN

Arts. 3, 4 rep. with saving by 1995 NI 2

Art. 5 rep. by 1994 NI 13

Art. 6 rep. with saving by 1995 NI 2

Art. 7 rep. by 1979 NI 8

PART IIIN.I.PROVISIONS FOR USE OF BLOOD TESTS IN DETERMINING PATERNITY

Power of court to require use of blood testsN.I.

8.—[F1(1)In any civil proceedings in which the parentage of any person falls to be determined, the court may, on an application by any party to the proceedings, give a direction—

(a)for the use of scientific tests to ascertain whether such tests show that a party to the proceedings is or is not the father or mother of that person; and

(b)for the taking, within a period specified in the direction, of bodily samples from all or any of the following, namely, that person, any party who is alleged to be the father or mother of that person and any other party to the proceedings.]

[F2(1A)Tests required by a direction under this Article may only be carried out by a body which has been accredited for the purposes of this Article by—

(a)the Lord Chancellor; or

(b)a body appointed by him for the purpose.]

[F1(2)The individual carrying out scientific tests in pursuance of a direction under paragraph (1) ( “the tester”) shall make to the court a report in which he shall state—

(a)the results of the tests;

(b)whether any party to whom the report relates is or is not excluded by the results from being the father or mother of the person whose parentage is to be determined; and

(c)in relation to any party who is not so excluded, the value, if any, of the results in determining whether that party is the father or mother of that person;

and the report shall be received by the court as evidence in the proceedings of the matters stated in it.

(2A)Where the proceedings in which the parentage of any person falls to be determined are proceedings on an application under Article 31B of the Matrimonial and Family Proceedings (Northern Ireland) Order 1989, any reference in paragraph (1) or (2) to any party to the proceedings shall include a reference to any person named in the application.]

(3) A report under paragraph (2) shall be in the form prescribed by regulations made under Article 10.

(4) Where a report has been made to a court under paragraph (2), any party may, with the leave of the court, or shall, if the court so directs, obtain from[F2 the tester] a written statement explaining or amplifying any statement made in the report, and that statement shall be deemed for the purposes of this Article (except paragraph (3)) to form part of the report made to the court.

(5) Where a direction is given under this Article in any proceedings, a party to the proceedings, unless the court otherwise directs, shall not be entitled to call as a witness[F2 the tester, or any other] person by whom any thing necessary for the purpose of enabling those tests to be carried out was done, unless within fourteen days after receiving a copy of the report he serves notice on the other parties to the proceedings, or on such of them as the court may direct, of his intention to call[F2 the tester or that other person]; and where[F2 the tester or] any such person is called as a witness the party who called him shall be entitled to cross-examine him.

(6) Where a direction is given under this Article the party on whose application the direction is given shall pay the cost of taking and testing[F1 bodily samples] for the purpose of giving effect to the direction (including any expenses reasonably incurred by any person in taking any steps required of him for the purpose), and of making a report to the court under this Article, but the amount paid shall be treated as costs incurred by him in the proceedings.

(7) A court may at any time revoke or vary a direction previously given by it under this Article.

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Consents, etc., required for taking of blood samplesN.I.

9.—(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraphs (3) and (4) a[F3 bodily sample] which is required to be taken from any person for the purpose of giving effect to a direction under Article 8 shall not be taken from that person except with his consent.

(2) The consent of a minor who has attained the age of sixteen years to the taking from himself of a[F3 bodily sample] shall be as effective as it would be if he were of full age; and where a minor has by virtue of this paragraph given an effective consent to the taking of a[F3 bodily sample] it shall not be necessary to obtain any consent for it from any other person.

(3) A[F3 bodily sample] may be taken from a person under the age of sixteen years, not being such a person as is referred to in paragraph (4)

(b)where that person does not consent, if the court considers that it would be in his best interests for the sample to be taken.]

(4) A[F3 bodily sample] may be taken from a person who is suffering from mental disorder within the meaning of the Mental Health[F5 (Northern Ireland) Order 1986] and is incapable of understanding the nature and purpose of[F3 scientific tests] if the person who has the care and control of him consents and the medical practitioner in whose care he is has certified that the taking of a[F3 bodily sample] from him will not be prejudicial to his proper care and treatment.

(5) The foregoing provisions of this Article are without prejudice to the provisions of Article 11.

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Annotations are used to give authority for changes and other effects on the legislation you are viewing and to convey editorial information. They appear at the foot of the relevant provision or under the associated heading. Annotations are categorised by annotation type, such as F-notes for textual amendments and I-notes for commencement information (a full list can be found in the Editorial Practice Guide). Each annotation is identified by a sequential reference number. For F-notes, M-notes and X-notes, the number also appears in bold superscript at the relevant location in the text. All annotations contain links to the affecting legislation.

(c)require the production at the time when a[F7 bodily sample] is to be taken of such evidence of the identity of the person from whom it is to be taken as may be prescribed by the regulations;

(d)require any person from whom a[F7 bodily sample] is to be taken, or, in such cases as may be prescribed by the regulations, such other person as may be so prescribed, to state in writing whether he or the person from whom the sample is to be taken, as the case may be, has during such period as may be specified in the regulations suffered from any such illness[F7 or condition or undergone any such treatment] as may be so specified or received a transfusion of blood;

[F8(e)prescribe conditions which a body must meet in order to be eligible for accreditation for the purposes of Article 8;]

(f)prescribe the[F7 scientific tests] to be carried out and the manner in which they are to be carried out;

(g)regulate the charges that may be made for the taking and testing of[F7 bodily samples] and for the making of a report to a court under Article 8;

(h)make provision for securing that so far as practicable the[F7 bodily samples] to be tested for the purpose of giving effect to a direction under Article 8 are tested by the same person;

(i)prescribe the form of the report to be made to a court under Article 8.

(2) Regulations made under this Article shall be subject to [F9negative resolution].

Annotations:

Annotations are used to give authority for changes and other effects on the legislation you are viewing and to convey editorial information. They appear at the foot of the relevant provision or under the associated heading. Annotations are categorised by annotation type, such as F-notes for textual amendments and I-notes for commencement information (a full list can be found in the Editorial Practice Guide). Each annotation is identified by a sequential reference number. For F-notes, M-notes and X-notes, the number also appears in bold superscript at the relevant location in the text. All annotations contain links to the affecting legislation.

Failure to comply with direction for taking blood testsN.I.

11.—(1) Where a court gives a direction under Article 8 and any person fails to take any step required of him for the purpose of giving effect to the direction, the court may draw such inferences, if any, from that fact as appear proper in the circumstances.

(2) Where, in any proceedings in which the[F10 parentage] of any person falls to be determined by the court hearing the proceedings, there is a presumption of law that that person is legitimate, then if—

(a)a direction is given under Article 8 in those proceedings, and

(b)any party who is claiming any relief in the proceedings and who for the purpose of obtaining that relief is entitled to rely on the presumption fails to take any step required of him for the purpose of giving effect to the direction,

the court may adjourn the hearing for such period as it thinks fit to enable that party to take that step, and if at the end of that period he has failed without reasonable cause to take it the court may, without prejudice to paragraph (1), dismiss his claim for relief notwithstanding the absence of evidence to rebut the presumption.

(3) Where any person named in a direction under Article 8, fails to consent to the taking of a[F10 bodily sample] from himself or from any person named in the direction of whom he has the care and control, he shall be deemed for the purposes of this Article to have failed to take a step required of him for the purpose of giving effect to the direction.

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Annotations are used to give authority for changes and other effects on the legislation you are viewing and to convey editorial information. They appear at the foot of the relevant provision or under the associated heading. Annotations are categorised by annotation type, such as F-notes for textual amendments and I-notes for commencement information (a full list can be found in the Editorial Practice Guide). Each annotation is identified by a sequential reference number. For F-notes, M-notes and X-notes, the number also appears in bold superscript at the relevant location in the text. All annotations contain links to the affecting legislation.

12. If, for the purpose of providing a[F11 bodily sample] for a test required to give effect to a direction under Article 8, any person personates another, or proffers a child knowing that it is not the child named in the direction, he shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable—

(a)on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to a fine, or to both;

(b)on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding[F12 level 5 on the standard scale].

Annotations:

Annotations are used to give authority for changes and other effects on the legislation you are viewing and to convey editorial information. They appear at the foot of the relevant provision or under the associated heading. Annotations are categorised by annotation type, such as F-notes for textual amendments and I-notes for commencement information (a full list can be found in the Editorial Practice Guide). Each annotation is identified by a sequential reference number. For F-notes, M-notes and X-notes, the number also appears in bold superscript at the relevant location in the text. All annotations contain links to the affecting legislation.

Interpretation of Part IIIN.I.

13. In this Part—

[F13“bodily sample” means a sample of bodily fluid or bodily tissue taken for the purpose of scientific tests;]

“excluded” means excluded subject to the occurrence of mutation[F14 and to sections 27 to 29 of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990][F15 and to sections 33 to 47 of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008].

[F13“scientific tests” means scientific tests carried out under this Part and made with the object of ascertaining the inheritable characteristics of bodily fluids or bodily tissue]

Annotations:

Annotations are used to give authority for changes and other effects on the legislation you are viewing and to convey editorial information. They appear at the foot of the relevant provision or under the associated heading. Annotations are categorised by annotation type, such as F-notes for textual amendments and I-notes for commencement information (a full list can be found in the Editorial Practice Guide). Each annotation is identified by a sequential reference number. For F-notes, M-notes and X-notes, the number also appears in bold superscript at the relevant location in the text. All annotations contain links to the affecting legislation.

PART IVN.I.MISCELLANEOUS

Rebuttal of presumption as to legitimacy and illegitimacyN.I.

14. Any presumption of law as to the legitimacy or illegitimacy of any person may in any civil proceedings be rebutted by evidence which shows that it is more probable than not that that person is illegitimate or legitimate, as the case may be, and it shall not be necessary to prove that fact beyond reasonable doubt in order to rebut the presumption.

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