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Abstract

Transient models are needed to analyze time-dependent problems like hyperfiltration associated with head differences across clay barriers. Hyperfiltration (solute-sieving) effects create an increased concentration of natural groundwater solutes outside the clay barrier due to the inward head gradient. The purpose of our model is to predict solute buildup and distribution during hyperfiltration providing a basis for time analysis of solute migration. Required input parameters for the model include membrane properties like reflection coefficient, hydraulic conductivity, and solute concentration on the high-pressure side of the membrane before the onset of steady state, solution flux, and the effluent concentration. Model verification is based on published experimental results. The transient hyperfiltration model presented herein may prove useful in elucidating clay membrane (hyperfiltration) effects in the subsurface, however the sole purpose of this paper is to develop a transient model of hyperfiltration effects and test it by using published experimental data.