University students have been investigated tens of thousands of times for misconduct during a three-year period, from serious assault, threats of violence and sexual offending to more trivial offences - including eating the vice-chancellor's sandwich.

In Devon and Cornwall students have been reprimanded for everything from drunkenness and bad parking to racism and 'cultural appropriation'.

Data obtained by the Press Association showed nearly 75,000 incidents were logged by universities across the UK for the academic years 2014-15, 2015-16, and 2016-17, with some institutions reporting significant numbers of drugs-related offences and misbehaviour in student halls.

The University of Exeter has investigated more than 2,200 student incidents over the last three years. Falmouth University has investigated 80 reported cases of plagiarism.

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In the same time Plymouth College of Art has investigated five cases involving staff and 14 involving students and the University of St Mark and St John investigated 81 reported misdemenours.

Exeter revealed that last year there were 436 investigations into academic misconduct - such as cheating on exams or copying work - and 427 into non-academic offences such as drugs, assault and misuse of fire equipment.

Between 2014 and 2017 Exeter University has dismissed seven staff for misconduct and issued 14 final warnings and five formal warnings. Staff offences included bullying, professional misconduct, unauthorised leave and fraud or theft. 13 of those cases were in the last academic year.

There was an across-the-board increase in academic misconduct in the UK, such as cheating in exams and collusion with other students.

A spokesman for the University of Exeter said: “The university takes all forms of misconduct extremely seriously. Although the number of cases year on year remain relatively low, the university works closely with the Students’ Guild, as it has for a number of years, to ensure students are fully aware of the rules, and also the consequences of breaking them.

“However, it is important to recognise that these figures, which are over a three year period, include a wide range of relatively minor misdemeanours including parking offences, smoking in non-designated areas and other lesser transgressions, with outcomes including written warnings and suspended fines. As such, just taking a total figure in isolation gives a distorted and inaccurate reflection of the nature of the vast majority of these incidents.”

In 2015-2016 it issued a student with a formal warning for 'cultural appropriation'. In the same year police investigated drunken behaviour and assault on campus.

It has also investigated drug abuse, racism, sexual harassment and drink driving by students.

Around 1,300 university staff across the UK were also investigated during the same time frame for allegations including poor time-keeping, conducting inappropriate relationships, and bullying, according to institutions with relevant data.

Plymouth College of Art has dismissed two staff and terminated the probationary periods pof three more in the last three years.

At the same time students have been reprimanded for plagiarism, theft, drunkenness and other offences at the college with punishments including reduction in marks, written apologies and formal warnings.

The UK-wide student figures - which are based on responses to Freedom of Information requests to 159 universities across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland - only hint at the extent of misconduct on campus.

Inconsistencies in the way some institutions report allegations - plus the handful of those who refused to supply information - means the true numbers are likely to be much higher.

The University of Plymouth has not provided figures or a comment.

While some universities said only a tiny number of students were involved in behavioural or academic misconduct, others reported more than 3,000 cases across the last three full years for which data is available, between 2014 and 2017.

There were several serious cases of student misconduct, including one who received a "severe reprimand" for "threatening to blow up the graduation ceremonies".

"Cheating, bullying and vandalism should have no place on university campuses - they are incredibly unfair to the majority of students and staff who are trying to do their best.

"It is imperative that universities continue to monitor behaviour that adversely affects other students and, where necessary, to provide induction and training courses to stamp it out. I hope that, in time, universities will collect this data in more comparable and transparent ways.

"When it comes to getting a degree, there should be no such thing as a figurative or real free lunch, even if comes at the vice-chancellor's expense."

Ketchup graffitti, pet rabbits and burnt toast

From social media faux pas to graffiti daubed on the side of a car in ketchup, students have found imaginative ways to get themselves hauled before university bosses.

Data obtained from UK institutions shows a wide range of incidents, from the playful to the strictly prohibited.

Thousands of misdemeanours were reported within halls of residence themselves, according to figures provided to the Press Association.

This included playing loud music at Liverpool Hope, while an entrepreneurial undergraduate at Keele was investigated for sub-letting their own student accommodation - a practice commonly outlawed by institutions.

Unauthorised guests were frequently the cause of misconduct hearings at universities across the country - particularly the guests at Bath Spa who urinated outside the halls themselves.

Another student at Buckinghamshire received a suspended notice to quit university halls for smuggling their prohibited visitor onto campus - a pet rabbit.

At East Anglia university, another guest burnt some toast, activated a fire alarm and caused an evacuation. To make matters worse, the host was then uncooperative with security.

Obvious breaches of fire safety cropped up again and again across the country.

This included fines for using fairy lights and chip pans, to those who tried to smoke cannabis, shisha and cigarettes undetected.

Several deployed innovative tactics to try and to dodge the smoke alarm - including one student who covered it with a sock, resulting in a £50 fine at the University of Glasgow.

Eleven London School of Economics (LSE) students who engaged in that staple of halls life - running up and down knocking on doors - were handed formal warnings.

And access to practice rooms at the Guildhall School of Music was partially removed for students who had "very, very overdue" library items.

Elsewhere, stiff penalties were meted out to those who relieved themselves in places they ought not to, although no disciplinary action was eventually taken against someone accused of urinating "on a structure in a hall car park" at the LSE.

Two Demontfort undergraduates were each made to donate £50 to the Royal British Legion and write a letter of apology after "damaging commemorative wreaths" on campus, while students at a number of institutions were fined for damaging and/or climbing a Christmas tree.

Elsewhere on campus, one student at Brunel was fined £80 for the misuse of a blue badge, while at Abertay someone was cautioned for damaging an art installation while intoxicated.

Being away from the campus did not deter some misbehaving students.

One Demontfort student had to write a letter of apology after they "left an inappropriate and offensive gift in accommodation at the end of their clinical placement", while another was ordered to write a letter of apology at Hull for making an "inappropriate joke".

And a spike in disciplinary offences at Ravensbourne University was fuelled by misconduct on an overseas visit - resulting in 10 students receiving a formal warning.

The women's futsal team at Brighton University were involved in "some inappropriate social media posts" - forcing them to forfeit their next fixture and pay a fine.

Vehicles were central to several disciplinary matters on campus - from the non-payment of a taxi at Chichester, to reckless driving at Hertfordshire and Hull. At De Montford, a student was handed an informal warning for "riding a segway on university property, refusing to identify himself or show an ID card".

And at Twickenham St Mary's - where a student was previously ordered to buy a replacement sandwich after eating the vice-chancellor's - a mischievous duo took someone else's car, parked it on the university rugby pitch, and wrote something on the side of the vehicle in ketchup before letting down a tyre.

Disclosure logs highlight some more familiar examples of undergraduate trouble-making - including vandalism, setting off smoke alarms, and urinating in public.

A clutch of universities also reported large groups of students getting into trouble for unacceptable behaviour on sports trips or foreign visits.

The data showed plagiarism was a common issue - with 6,394 incidents in 2014/15, rising to 7,059 the following year. This number dropped to 6,642 by 2016/17.

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Academic misconduct increased annually - up from 12,398, to 13,623, to 13,948.

Examples of cheating in exams included students reprimanded for scrawling notes on their own body, jotting down answers before the permitted time, and others who refused to stop writing when required.

Others said examples of misconduct included commissioning an essay to be written by a third party, a phone which rang during an exam, and a student who was discovered texting their friend in the toilets during a test.

University and College Union general secretary Sally Hunt said: "No-one can condone plagiarism.

"Plagiarism defeats the whole object of going to university and students need to understand the consequences if they explore unscrupulous ways of completing their work.

"However, the changing culture of higher education does not help matters. Governments using graduate premiums as a selling point for degrees have changed the nature of life on campus."

A spokesman for Universities UK, which represents institutions across the country, said: "All universities have a code of student conduct which sets out expectations for student behaviour.

"With more than two million students enrolled at universities across the UK, there will inevitably be occasions when a line is crossed and rules are breached. This is not new.

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"The important thing is ensuring that students are familiar with the institution's code of conduct and that there are clear procedures to resolve matters when behaviour is unacceptable, and for serious issues to be escalated to the appropriate authority.

"In relation to plagiarism and cheating, universities have severe penalties for students found to be submitting work that is not their own.

"Such academic misconduct is a breach of an institution's disciplinary regulations and can result in students, in serious cases, being expelled from the university. Universities have become increasingly experienced at dealing with such issues and are engaging with students from day-one to underline the implications of cheating and how it can be avoided."

A total of 159 universities were asked for details on student misconduct during the last three full academic years - covering 2014/15, 2015/16, and 2016/17. Of these, 134 responded with information, while 25 either failed to respond or refused.

From sexual misconduct to inappropriate posts - how university staff get into trouble

They may not have a penchant for vandalism, urinating in halls and illegally subletting accommodation, but data shows staff at UK universities are not averse to getting in trouble.

Figures obtained by the Press Association under the Freedom of Information Act identify at least 1,300 cases where staff have been investigated for misconduct.

Allegations include misdemeanours such as poor time-keeping, unprofessional conduct, and "use of inappropriate imagery" in a learning environment.

As with students, some staff got into hot water for their social media posts, including a teacher at the University of East Anglia who published offensive social media postings in work time.

Among the eight staff reprimanded by Teesside University in 2016/17 was one for "theft of food". Another was in trouble for "excessive use of the internet" and "inappropriate comments".

Incidents of staff fitness to practice investigations at Cardiff University featured allegations of dishonesty, breaching confidentiality and an undisclosed criminal conviction.

The true figure is likely to be larger, as many universities withheld information due to data protection concerns.

The data is based on 86 universities with information about staff misconduct during the last three full academic years up until August 2017.

Incidents dealt with by universities

Anglia Ruskin - Slight increase in academic offences resulting in expulsions, and a decrease in non-academic misconduct. Staff misconduct has plateaued although the three dismissals in 2016/17 was the highest in the three-year-period.

Aston - Collusion up on the previous year, but plagiarism down - despite it being the most common investigation.

Bath - Drug-related incidents were down on the previous year, but up on two years ago, threats also down on previous year. Health and safety-related incidents up. Staff disciplinaries - at 17 - were highest in 2016/17 than previous two years.

Bath Spa - Non-academic misconduct on the rise, and academic misconduct doubled between 2014/15 and 2016/17.

Birmingham - General increase in plagiarism breaches, up from 21 in 2014/15 to 29 in 2016/17. Annual decrease in staff cases concluding with an action.

Birmingham City - Increase in collusion, major decrease in plagiarism. Also an increase in bullying/harassment, up from under-five to six in 2016/17.

University College Birmingham - Increase in breaches of student behavioural code, from 13 to 17 to 22 in 2016/17. Two staff warnings, both in 2016/17.

Bishop Grosseteste - Increase in student plagiarism allegations, from 10 to 12 to 14. Also an unspecified increase in collusion, sexual misconduct on the previous years, although the institution could not specify how much due to low numbers.

Bournemouth - Large increases in academic misconduct, from 71 to 98 to 150 in 2016/17. Behavioural breaches consistent at 15 allegations a year.

Bradford - Twelve students going through the disciplinary process. Increase in staff allegations from seven to 20 in 2016/17, including staff dismissed for being late, theft, and turning security cameras away from an incident.

Brighton - Annual decrease in academic misconduct, an average of 10 staff allegations per year.

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Bristol - The data showed no real trends regarding student misconduct - fluctuating between 35 and 53 incidents over the three years, although incidents involving five students or less were not included due to the potential to identify those involved, meaning the true figure is likely to be higher.

Brunel - Student misconduct went up from 44 to 88 and down to 70 in 2016/17.

Buckinghamshire - Annual decrease in unacceptable behaviour, from 36 to 26 to 11, and decrease in accommodation-related incidents from 80 to 64 to 54.

Cambridge - The university said academic and non-academic misconduct was dealt with using the university's disciplinary procedures. There were only seven incidents in total for student misconduct considered by the discipline committee. There were 31 staff investigations, according to the university's own data, decreasing each year.

Canterbury Christ Church - Slight increase in academic misconduct, from five to 10 in two years, and a leap from 235 incidents of plagiarism in 2014/15, to 323 in 2015/16, and 372 in 2016/17.

Central Lancashire - No overall trends, the most common case of student misconduct in 2014/15 was relating to breaches of social media policy.

Chester - An annual decrease in academic malpractice year on year, from 605 to 538 to 507. The university said it had been using plagiarism detection software TurnItIn for all text-based assessments from September 2014. There was no data available for non-academic misconduct.

Chichester - No trends, student incidents go from 24 to 26 to seven in 2016/17.

City, London - No real trends, 28 students over four calendar years.

Conservatoire for Dance and Drama - Data provided for two years showed there were more students investigated in 2016 (eight) than the previous year (one).

Courtauld Institute of Art - Only one case, involving a staff member, since records began in 2017. No records are retained relating to unacceptable behaviour of students.

Cranfield - Plagiarism and collusion both down in 2016/17 compared with the previous year.

University of the Creative Arts - A slight increase in plagiarism on the previous year, and the first incidents of sexual harassment (two) reported in the last academic year.

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Cumbria - Overall academic misconduct fluctuated slightly between 70 and 77 cases over the three years, with several students fined at least £50 for behavioural issues including smoking cannabis and keeping a pet in halls.

De Montford - There was a small fluctuation in both the number of cases on academic misconduct and behavioural misconduct, the former being highest at 342 cases in 2014/15 and lowest at 294 the following year, the latter being highest at 76 in 2015/16 and lowest at 59 the previous year.

Derby - Slight increase in student unacceptable behaviour from six in 2014/15 to 10 in 2016/17. Data was largely redacted so further analysis is difficult. Student misconduct included substance abuse, use of inappropriate imagery in a further education setting, and fraud. Staff were investigated for inappropriate relationship and unprofessional comments to a colleague.

Durham University - No real trends. Misconduct and behavioural issues decreased in 2016/17 compared with the previous year, while staff misconduct spiked in the year before last. One teacher was dismissed in 2017 for bullying.

East Anglia - Year-on-year increase in non-academic misconduct, and an annual increase in plagiarism. Some were fined at least £100 for incidents such as going on the roof, disorderly behaviour, cannabis possession, tampering with a smoke detector, and swimming in the university broad.

East London - No overall trends, but at least 500 cases of academic misconduct for the three years. There were three times as may exam breaches (82) in 2015/16 than either of the other two years.

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Edge Hill - Student misconduct spiked in 2015/16, including for anti-social behaviour, bullying/harassment, violence and plagiarism. Ten staff incidents in three years, resulting in four dismissals - including for aggression, harassment, a breakdown of trust, and bullying.

Essex - There were 1,756 cases of academic misconduct across the three years, plus 689 breaches of student conduct in residential accommodation, and 686 relating to student conduct. Overall, there was an increase in non-academic misconduct between 2016/17 compared with the previous year. There were more staff dismissals (eight) in 2016/17 than the previous two years (four) together.

Exeter - There was an annual increase in academic misconduct, while non-academic misconduct in 2016/17 was higher than the previous year. There were 2,203 student incidents, the data showed.

Falmouth - Plagiarism rose from 24 to 36 between 2014/15 and 2015/16, but dropped again to 26 the following year.

Goldsmiths - Data available for 2016/17 only showed there were 218 incidents of academic misconduct reported that year.

Greenwich - There were 46 cases of student misconduct examined over the three years, plus approximately 2,900 cases of plagiarism examined.

Guildhall School of Music and Drama - A spike in incidents in 2015/16 (50) compared with the years either side (14 and 16).

Harper Adams - A total of 318 misconduct cases involving students. In many cases this involved poor academic practice on the part of the student, or academic misconduct.

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Hertfordshire - Almost 1,000 student cases (990) in total, the highest being in 2016/17. Offences ranged from cheating and plagiarism to possession or use of illegal substances and smoking in non-smoking areas.

Heythrop College - A total of 24 cases involving misconduct by students. All related to plagiarism. The number of cases fell every year between 2014/15 and 2016/17.

Huddersfield - Just over 100 student incidents (101) over the three-year period. This includes cases of assault, criminal damage and sexual misconduct.

Hull - Data shows there were 55 incidents of misconduct by students between 2014/15 and 2016/17.

Imperial College, London - A total of 121 cases involving students, with plagiarism at its highest in 2014/15. Offences included cheating in exams, plagiarism and drugs.

Keele - There were 376 cases involving students, with 199 in 2016/17 - more than the previous two years combined. In addition, there were 14 misconduct cases involving staff.

Kings College London - An increase in allegations of minor plagiarism - up from at least 145, to 167, and at least 171. Redacted data means comparisons each year are not easily available.

Kingston - The university had 461 cases of suspected academic misconduct, involving both staff and students. This includes cases where the student involved was found not guilty. There were also 132 cases of non-academic misconduct. Seven staff were investigated for various offences but only one was dismissed.

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Lancaster - A total of 947 cases involving students. The numbers have dropped from 474 in 2014/15 to 231 in 2016/17. Across the three years, many offences related to misconduct in halls.

Leeds - Staff only due to time restrictions. There were 35 incidents in total including attending work under the influence of alcohol. Another received a verbal warning for offensive remarks of a racist nature on social media. Another received a written warning over allegations of unprofessional behaviour towards colleagues and students (verbal outbursts, rude emails to students, inaccurate emails to colleagues).

Leeds College of Art - The college recorded nine cases involving students, covering both further and higher education.

Leeds Beckett - A total of 1,823 incidents where students admitted, or were found to have breached, university regulations, and spiked in 2015/16. Cases covered issues such as cheating, collusion and plagiarism.

Leeds Trinity - A total of 33 incidents across three years for behaviour, and 250 for academic misconduct. This includes a year-on-year rise in academic/professional misconduct. One member of staff breached misconduct, for an allegation of sexual harassment, and resigned.

Leicester - Some 20 misconduct cases, rising year on year. These relate only to cases referred to a student discipline panel or authorised officer for investigation and where the case was upheld and a penalty imposed. It does not include figures for cases which were considered but it was concluded that misconduct had not occurred or no further action was taken.

Lincoln - No overall trends - 106 cases of academic misconduct across three years, and 34 across that time of behavioural issues including bullying, racial abuse, and malicious communications. There were seven cases of staff misconduct in 2016/17, more than any other year.

Liverpool - Incidents of plagiarism investigated remained static (404, 399, 404) but examination misconduct investigations soared from 50, 51 cases to 173 in 2016/17. Some 3,070 incidents investigated involving students, and 50 involving staff over three calendar years of data.

Liverpool Hope - Incidents of student misbehaviour have decreased annually, from 110 to 84 to 82. Academic misconduct is also at its lowest figure in three years in 2016/17.

Liverpool John Moores - Incomplete data means it is hard to draw any real conclusions from the student misbehaviour section, with at least 34 incidents in 2014/15, 45 the following year and 42 the year after. There is a clearer picture for proven cases of academic misconduct: up from 31 to 57 to 137 more recently. There are 14 recorded disciplinary cases against staff.

London School of Economics and Political Science - There were no real trends, with 165 incidents across student behaviour, exam misconduct and plagiarism. There were 12 incidents regarding staff.

London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine - Data available for two years only shows an increase in student irregularities (from 18 to 21, for 2015/16 and 2016/17), and an increase in copyright infringements in that time from one to four.

London Metropolitan - Only staff data, with 11 incidents over three academic years. Eight of these resulted in dismissal, for incidents such as misconduct, poor performance, repeated lateness, and rude and inappropriate behaviour.

London South Bank - Calendar year figures from 2014 onwards showed an annual increase in academic misconduct investigations (225, 245, 307), and proven allegations (138, 180, 188). There was a slight decrease in other behaviour, with details for two years.

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Loughborough - The university's data showed an annual increase in academic misconduct. Student disciplinary cases were also at their highest in 2016/17. In addition, some 29 staff were subject to disciplinary action during the three-year period.

Manchester - There was a marked annual increase in the number of disciplinary hearings for students within residential services, up from 118 to 250 to 319. Other student breaches for disciplinary incidents, including aggression, racism and absence, were generally steady - 65 in 2014/15, 59 the next year and 63 the year after.

Manchester Metropolitan - A spike in accommodation-related misconduct in 2015/16 (924), compared with 260 the previous year and 825 the following. A small rise in behavioural misconduct - from three to six to 17. Only four incidents involving staff in three years.

Middlesex - There has been a year-on-year increase in breaches of the student code of discipline - from 52 to 55 to 66. Academic misconduct cases fluctuated from 373 in 2015, to 439 and 367.

National Film and Television School - There was one such breach by a member of staff in that period. This instance was in the 2016/17 academic year. The grounds for the breach was unprofessional conduct towards female members of staff by a male member of staff. It formed part of the judgment for imposing a disciplinary sanction of a written warning. No student incidents.

Newman - Four staff cases in three years, but a spike in students receiving disciplinary action (91 in 2016/17 is the highest for the three years, up from 66 and 58) was driven largely by an increase in plagiarism cases.

Northampton - An annual increase in both academic misconduct (from 653 to 909 to 1,008), and student disciplinary cases (from 11 to 30 to 36). Staff data is redacted due to low numbers.

Norwich University of the Arts - Student misconduct went from seven incidents in 2014/15 to six the following year, and 12 the year after.

Nottingham - Annual increases in academic misconduct (483 to 517 to 631), and code of discipline for students breaches (from 224 to 340 to 380). Staff disciplinary procedures also went up from 2015/16 (43) to 2016/17 (66).

Nottingham Trent - Increase in incidents taking place on campus and in halls, up from 242 to 287 to 332. Allegations of academic misconduct remain fairly stable (325, 337, 334), although number of cases upheld went from 229 to 272 then down to 264.

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Open - An annual decrease in the total number of academic services incidents, from 1,266 to 995 to 656. Student misconduct also down, from 85 to 39 to 20. Staff incidents fluctuate between 15 and 10 and 16.

Oxford Brookes - An annual increase in student incidents, from 523 to 582 to 679, the vast majority of incidents being for plagiarism or collusion. There were a total of 10 staff incidents during the time frame.

Plymouth College of Art - Five cases involving staff during the last three years, and 14 involving students - up from three, to six, then down to five. All incidents refer to plagiarism and behaviour such as drunkenness.

Plymouth Marjon - An annual decrease in the number of student cases investigated - from 32 two years running, then down to 17. Of those, substantiated cases also fell from 30 to 24 to 14.

Portsmouth - There was a diminishing number of student misconduct incidents, from 581 to 365 to 353. Within that number, scholarship offences - such as plagiarism, plagiarism by collaboration, poor scholarship, falsifying evidence - saw an annual increase, although fire safety offences were almost eliminated (from 174 to 53 to eight). There was an increase in staff sanctions - up from at least four to at least eight over the three-year period.

Queen Mary, University of London - An annual increase in student assessment offences, up from 154 to 208 to 259.

Ravensbourne - A spike in academic misconduct, and student disciplinary outcomes. Academic misconduct went up from three, to three, to 21, while student disciplinary went up from one, to two, to 14. This was largely fuelled by misconduct on overseas visit.

Reading - Redacted data gives only an indication of the number of incidents of student misconduct, with proven cases up from nine, to 21, and then down to 11. There were three incidents of non-academic misconduct in 2014/15, rising to five the following year, and five the following year.

Roehampton - Data showed an annual decrease in the number of students investigated for academic misconduct - down from 262 in 2014/15 to 130 in 2015/16. Data was largely not held for the year 2016/17.

Rose Bruford - Only two years' data available, with four student breaches of the code of conduct in 2014/15, and 14 the following year. Plagiarism and bullying both increased.

Royal Academy of Music - There were only 14 incidents involving students, from one in 2014/15, rising to 10 the following year, then down to three. Almost all were for plagiarism.

Royal Agricultural - There was a decrease in the number of student cases, from 19, up to 20, and down to 12 for the last academic year. There were 20 cases of unacceptable behaviour by staff, the majority (13) coming in 2015/16.

Royal Central School of Speech and Drama - There were a handful of cases for the last academic year (seven), the only year with data.

Royal College of Art - Just a handful of incidents across the years, involving four students and two staff.

Royal College of Music - There was an annual increase in plagiarism, up from 12 to 15 to 33. Only one staff breach in three years.

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Royal Holloway - Accusations of incidents such as plagiarism and collusion increased every year, from 48 to 62 to 85. The number of students investigated for incidents such as noise nuisance, anti-social behaviour and fraud rose every year, from 14 to 39 to 47.

Royal Northern College of Music - There were 50 cases involving students, including plagiarism, collusion and cheating. There were also two allegations of sexual misconduct.

Royal Veterinary College - Two incidents involving students over three years, along with eight involving staff. This includes an investigation into the misuse of social media by seven employees, which resulted in formal written warnings being issued to all.

St Mary's, Twickenham - Academic misconduct incidents rose annually, from 78 to 89 to 147. Within that, the number of accusations to have found there was academic misconduct also increased - from 67 to 70 to 127. Other behavioural incidents fluctuated - from 40 to 53 to 65.

Salford - Total of 609 cases involving students over the three years, the vast majority of which are for plagiarism. There were also 51 cases of unacceptable behaviour by staff across the period, including for regulation breaches and failure to follow instructions or policies. The number rose each year.

Sheffield - Some 52 cases led to action being taken against university employees. These include cases of inappropriate or unreasonable behaviour, harassment, bullying, theft and verbal abuse. There was no data for students.

Sheffield Hallam - A total of 1,632 cases involving students, and three involving staff. Academic misconduct cases fluctuated between 502 and 591. Student cases included violence and inappropriate behaviour as well as an allegation of inappropriate behaviour by the men's football team during a social event that led to widespread reports on social media (18 students).

School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London - A total of 506 student cases, made up of 494 related to academic misconduct and 12 disciplinary. There were also seven cases involving staff, including for abusive behaviour and sexual misconduct.

Staffordshire - A total of 49 cases involving students, with gross academic misconduct offences decreasing from 25 in 2014/15 to nine in each of the following years, plus an additional six cases before the university's disciplinary committee. Four staff faced a disciplinary sanction, including one over an accusation of racism.

Suffolk - Some 206 cases over three years involving students - relating to both student discipline and academic misconduct, the latter fluctuating between 55 incidents and 78.

Sussex - There were 649 student discipline cases over the three years. The cases included anti-social behaviour, vandalism, harassment and possession or use of illegal substances. Incidences increased between 2014/15 and 2015/16, and dropped again in 2016/17. In addition, academic misconduct increased year on year - a total of 454 incidents in three years.

Teesside - A total of 637 cases involving students. Rise in student disciplinary cases (small numbers) but fall in academic misconduct over the three years. Also 19 staff-related cases.

Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance - The number of student cases of academic misconduct fluctuated between 17 and eight. All 35 cases were upheld. Two staff incidents were also reported in the three-year period, one for inappropriate sexual behaviour towards a student in a lesson, the other being sexual harassment on an adult. In the former case, the staff member decided not to return to work after the summer break, while the other staff member was dealt with informally.

Warwick - Student incidents increased every year - from at least 275 to at least 299 to at least 398. Noise disturbance counted for the most common complaint each year. The full picture - including that of staff misconduct - cannot be known due to some redacted data.

University College London - Academic misconduct cases went down every year, from 179 in 2014/15, to 148 the year after, and then 140 after that. Plagiarism was also down year on year - from 79 to 64 to 51.

University of the West of England, Bristol - Redacted data means it is not able to see the full picture, but the figures suggest a decrease in the number of student incidents, from at least 116 in 2014/15, up to at least 123 the following year, then down to at least 98. There were eight staff conduct cases in 2014/15, up to 11 in 2015/16. There were less than five the following year.

University of West London - Plagiarism offences fluctuated over the three years, from 225 in 2014/15 down to 136 the following year, and then 275 the year after. Other incidents, such as sexual misconduct, drug offences, behaviour and theft, were in single figures each year.

Westminster - Incidents involving students decreased annually from 14 to 11 to nine, while those involving staff went up from five to nine, then down to six in the last year.

Winchester - Only a handful of student incidents, the highest of which was six in 2014/15.

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Wolverhampton - Plagiarism offences were at least 400 a year, with a spike in 2015/16. Collusion incidents increased every year - up from 76 to 112 to 117. Partially redacted data means it is not possible to give the total number of incidents each year, although there were at least 521 in 2014/15, 635 the following year, and 570 the year after.

Worcester - An increase in incidents for the two years available - up from seven in 2015/16 to 24 the following year. Assault, criminal activity and bringing the university into disrepute were all up.

York St John - An annual decrease in the number of students disciplined for academic misconduct - down from 102 to 99 to 52. Redacted information prevents details on staff dismissals being available.