A division of human beings identified by the possession of traits that are transmittable by descent and that are sufficient to characterize persons possessing these traits as a distinctive human genotype.

5RACISM

Any attitude or action (conscious or

unconscious) of a personal or

institutional structure that subordinates

an individual or group because of

skin color or race.

6RACISM (TWO TYPES)

PERSONAL/INDIVIDUAL - Prejudicial beliefs and discriminatory behavior of a bigot against an individual or group. Normally based on assumptions of superiority and inferiority.

INSTITUTIONAL- Policies, practices, actions procedures of an organization that restrict the opportunities of an individual or group and violate statutory laws.

7DEVELOPMENT OF RACISM

Contact - ATTITUDES AND RACIAL THINKING TOWARDS MINORITIES

Social Visibility - DISCRIMINATION BASED ON THE PHYSICAL APPEARANCE OF ANOTHER GROUP

Unequal Power - EXERCISING POWER AND DOMINATION OF WEAKER GROUPS BY MAINTAINING CONTROL OF THE MILITARY, COURTS, POLICE, FEDERAL, CITY, AND STATE GOVERNMENTS

8DEVELOPMENT OF RACISM

Ethnocentrism - MEMBERS OF A GROUP VIEW THEIR OWN GROUP AS RIGHT ALL OTHER GROUPS ARE STRANGE AND DEVIANT

Gillem Board Created to establish an acceptable policy to integrate the military

Executive Order 9981- Called for equality of treatment within the Armed Forces

Fahy Committee An action group that monitored the progress of the three services

19VIETNAM WAR(1959-1973)

Combat Forces more racially mixed

Minority Officers placed in command positions

Riots in the Military

20RECURRING THEMES FROM THE HISTORY OF RACISM IN THE MILITARY

Use them when we need them

Place them where we can trust them

Observe them closely

Separate them when not needed

Reject - Recruit Reject

21LIMITED POSITIONS FOR MINORITIES IN THE MILITARY

Were Assigned to Service Type Jobs

Were Restricted to Enlisted Rank

Limited participation in Elite Units

22RACIAL PROBLEMS BEFORE AFTER INTEGRATION

Riots

Institutional Discrimination

Personal Racism

Promotions

Punishment

Assignments

23ADVERSE EFFECTS CREATED BY RACISM

Ineffective use of abilities

Adverse effect on national income

Perception of deviant behavior

Intergroup tension and violence

Adverse effect on Americas position in world affairs

Denial, rationalization, reinterpretation, and blame only prolong the problem

24STRATEGIES USED TO COMBAT RACISM

Awareness

Education

Participation

Memberships

Legislation

Mass Media

Change

Leadership

25BOTTOM LINE ON RACISM

Racism is a taught and/or a learned behavior. Personal or individual racism is motivated by a belief or assumption of superiority or inferiority based on skin color.

The bottom line is All leaders should focus their efforts and energy on training, mentoring, motivating, and inspiring all soldiers regardless of their race. Racism is wrong and has no place in todays military nor society.

26FINAL THOUGHT

Although there has been substantial progress,

racism and discrimination are very far from being

eliminated. We should endeavor to correct them.

We should not confine ourselves to the normative

approach, but get down to the hard facts.

Leaders are the key. Leaders set the standard

that creates an environment for others to excel.

The climate and behavior of an organization is an

indicator of the attitudes and actions

demonstrated by its leaders.

27SUMMARY

Key Terms

Development of Racism

Conforming to the Norms

Allports Levels of Intensity

The Control Diamond and Racism

Historical aspects

28SUMMARY (Cont)

Recurring Themes

Limited Positions for Minorities

Racial Problems Before and After

Adverse Effects Created by Racism

Strategies Used to Combat Racism

Bottom Line

Final Thought

29Credit for this course

To receive credit for this briefing, click HERE to send an e-mail message.

To download a blank certificate of training in Microsoft Word format, click HERE.

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