Automobile consumers; automobile industry; other businesses; and state agencies.

Economic Impact:

The anticipated costs of the proposed rule are higher purchase prices of advanced technology vehicles, such as battery electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. However, reduced operating costs, largely from reduced fuel consumption, are expected to offset the increase in vehicle price over the life of the vehicle. Because consumers will likely spend some of their savings on other consumer products and services, some Vermont businesses will benefit from the proposed rule. In addition, the proposed rule is likely to benefit companies specializing in electric vehicles and charging equipment. On the other hand, gas tax revenues and businesses in the gasoline distribution sector will likely be impacted. Finally, the proposed rule also provides some non-monetized societal benefits from reduced emissions of criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases.