Cholesterol in the blood increased: symptoms, causes, treatment.

24 April, 2016

Through various healthy eating generally known fact that cholesterol - is the main threatening factor for the development of its complications such terrible diseases as atherosclerosis.But how much truth in this phrase from a medical point of view?Let's try to understand this.

Introduction

So atherosclerosis - a serious disease of the cardiovascular system, affecting almost 100% of the population to 50 (men) -60 (women) years.It develops gradually and is dangerous to human life is not so much their presence as complications, the image on the background.And elevated blood cholesterol, is found in all patients with the disease, it is not a cause.The fact that all the lesions in vessels in principle can not develop if they are initially healthy.And if a person is diagnosed a long time hypertension or diabetes, if the patient is smoking or alcohol abuse, sedentary or obese, that's when based on existing violations vascular wall gradually begin to happen all the changes characteristic of atherosclero

sis.And if initially elevated blood cholesterol, only it all together will cause the disease.

Risk Factors

addition to those already mentioned, there are other risk factors for atherosclerosis.The first is sex and age category of patients.It is scientifically proven that atherosclerosis often affects men, especially in the age of 50-55 years, and in women - less frequently older, and 60-65.This is explained by different amounts of estrogen, female sex hormones, available in both sexes, but at times the prevailing naturally in women.The action of these biologically active substances is shown in the recycling depot fat and liver of excessive lipids and cholesterol from the blood by using special current conveyors - high density lipoprotein.By the way, their formation is also increased by the action of estrogen, which makes the later development of the disease in women.However, post-menopausal hormones begin to decline, and that's when the ladies are already prone to atherosclerosis equal footing with men, especially if initially elevated blood cholesterol.But this is perhaps due to the lack of food, that is, the use of fatty meat, fried, high-calorie food.

Pathology atherosclerosis

So, what is it that changes occur in the blood vessels, which ultimately show signs of high blood cholesterol?And the answer is not so complicated.The fact that in the normal artery wall is smooth, shiny, readily expandable through the muscle layer and the elastic fibers, and under the influence of special factors, it can both expand and shrink.And if she was initially damaged by the action of the above-mentioned atherogenic factors (smoking, alcohol, diabetes, hypertension, old age), it begins to soak fats located in the bloodstream.Since developing the first stage - lipid stripes and spots.

Stages of development

then compounded by the state, there is already becoming elevated total cholesterol in the blood.The fact is that increasing the number and those of its transporters, which normally carry it exactly in the vessel wall - the so-calledlipoproteins and very low density.And gradually the arteries more impregnated with fat and cholesterol, as these spots will not have to act on the surface of the wall, ie,atheroma is formed, which gradually increases, is covered with a lid and fibrin thus stabilized.However, if at this stage the person continues to be harmful to their health, this plaque starts to calm damaged.It ulcerate, the cover may break away altogether, and also in other parts of the vessel wall occurs same lesions.

disease

Total cholesterol increased many times, it only manages to transporters to remove it in a tissue and the liver can not cope with its excess.Because of all these damages blood vessels lose their extensibility become more sensitive to the vasoconstrictor (factors limiting their) increases arterial hypertension, is beginning to suffer the main "pump".Also atherosclerosis affects all vessels of smaller caliber, the most important of which - the coronary (artery own heart) and brain.Plaques overlapping circulation and narrowing of the arteries, all grow, and eventually there comes a sharp ischemia of organs.The most threatening states on this background are myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke in the brain.

General recommendations

At any stage of the development of atherosclerosis stabilization of the state and preventing the development of dangerous complications is primarily dependent on the patient's consciousness.If it was not actually blood cholesterol increased, if the patient does not aggravate their condition misuse of toxic substances, tobacco and alcohol led sedentary lives and brought to your weight at least a little closer to the norm, the progression of this life-threatening disease would cease.Therefore, the physician must first advise the patient to establish its regime and diet, engage in physical training as much as possible, to spend their weekends in nature, rather than on the couch watching television.Stop smoking and receive alcohol beverages, eat more vegetables, fruits, natural juices, fish, lean meat, mostly to cook steamed or boiled method.So, by all means necessary to eliminate the causes of high cholesterol in the blood, and then engaged in treatment of the existing underlying disease.In extreme cases, special medications, stabilizing its concentration - statins.

main reason - the wrong food

Now let's look at why elevated blood cholesterol.The main reason for this is, of course, poor nutrition, because of what the substance is necessary for the synthesis of many hormones and the formation of the cell membrane is not disposed of properly, and circulates in the blood as part of their transporters.And, most importantly, is there in excess.Thus, isolated products, which increase blood cholesterol.The first is, of course, fatty meats - beef and pork.Moreover, it should be remembered that even at their fillets hidden enough cholesterol.Further, it is poultry - geese, ducks, turkeys.

Other products

Third, it is an egg cooked on the basis of their high-calorie mayonnaise and dairy products - butter ISSA, sour cream (especially domestic), cheese, fat yogurt.But here it should be remembered that cholesterol is concentrated yolk and egg white that's required for a person, because it contains essential amino acids and is absorbed by 100%, so you can only eat the white part of the egg, or limit the amount to one or two units a week.And tops the list of junk food not only atherogenic effects - semi-finished products, industrial pastries and fast food.Other products that increase blood cholesterol - a processed meat product.That is, sausages, sausages, pork, ham and other smoked meats.

What to do?

Of course, the main issue of concern to patients if their biochemical analysis of blood was found high cholesterol, "What?"Firstly, pass it (analysis) to the attending physician that he had other lab tests for staging your diagnosis and corrective treatment.However, the very best you can to help him in this.Namely, this is the lower high cholesterol.What to do with his power to achieve normalization, you tell therapeutic diet (table) №10s.It is indicated for all patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension caused by vascular atherosclerosis.

Diet number 10-C

Its purpose - to prevent further progression of the disease, namely: to reduce excess weight, to provide all the energy needs without overloading the internal organs, improve metabolism and blood circulation of the heart and brain to heart attack and strokeThey were excluded.Since the treatment of high cholesterol levels in blood is largely dependent on the power!It first sharply reduced content of animal fat and the carbohydrates that are easily digested.In addition, limited amount of consumed water and salt, and of course, cholesterol.Conversely, increasing the critical heart trace elements (potassium, magnesium), vitamins (B and C), dietary fiber.The food is prepared mainly boiled and stewed methods.In addition, it is recommended fractional frequent meals - 4-5 receptions per day.

main part

In detail, when given a diet of the patient's diet completely excluded products muffin or pastry, any broths (other than vegetables, but not legumes), fatty meats and poultry, and canned sausage, meats and brains, the same is true of salted or smoked fish and caviar, increased fat dairy products (cheese, sour cream, cottage cheese, cream).In addition, it is important not to consume chocolate, ice cream and pastries with cream, mustard and pepper, fish, meat and mushroom sauce, strong coffee, tea or cocoa.On the other hand, are recommended: soups (milk or vegetable broth), boiled or baked dishes from lean meats, fish and poultry, similar types of cheese, sour cream, groats (buckwheat, oatmeal, millet, barley), cabbage is very welcome in anyform, as well as zucchini, eggplant, pumpkin, potatoes and green peas.

Snacks and desserts

Salads are recommended with oil dressing: vinaigrettes, seaweed, seafood.A raw is better to eat lettuce, cucumbers, tomatoes and greens, a variety of fruits, other than those in excess contain glucose.From drinks are most welcome compote of dried fruits and fresh juices.Of course, as a sharp transition to a diet is extremely difficult, however, retreat from it and the error could dramatically worsen the state of health of the patient.Therefore, in order to stop all the symptoms of high cholesterol in the blood and stick to nutritional therapy, there are a few simple tricks.

Special techniques

Firstly, it should be removed from the eyes of all those products that are explicitly forbidden in the diet.Better yet, if you stop buying them.The smaller of the refrigerator, the lower the risk of eating.Second, learn how to go to the grocery store.Always constituted a list of homes and strictly follow it, and try to stay in a supermarket near the walls, as in the center usually located all processed foods: sausages, canned food, fast food and so on.When you buy something, first of all carefully read the composition and caloric content.Also, for each trip to the store is required to buy those vegetables and fruits that you have not bought the house and had to use them fresh or cook healthy meals from them.Try to go with a familiar animal fats to those contained in marine fish, nuts and olive oil.They not only will not hurt your diet, but, on the contrary, will reduce the level of cholesterol in your blood due to its structure.In no case do not exclude meat from their diet.It is vital, just learn how to choose it.Prefer lean poultry (chicken, turkey) and lean beef or rabbit.Most cook dishes of sea fish, bake it in the oven with vegetables parte, added to salads and snacks.Snack on a sandwich at work not with sausage and fresh banana or a couple of apples, it is better to fill you and recharge your batteries and vitamins to a full dinner.It is advisable in a special notebook to record everything you eat during the day, since the reduction of excess weight - is the first and most important step to maintain your body healthy!