Mr. MCCARTHY. Mr. President, it is
unnecessary to tell the Senate, the country, or the world that America is facing
the greatest military disaster in its entire history. Day by day and hour by
hour the situation grows blacker, blacker for the world, blacker for the United
States, and more particularly is it painfully blacker for over 100,000 American
young man in Korea.

At this very moment the mothers and
wives of those young men are treading
deeply into the valley of darkness and
despair. It is not necessary to use high-
sounding words to describe the situation
to our men in Korea. Those men, their
mothers, fathers, and wives, see the situation in its elemental ugliness. They
are face to face with facts--facts that
cannot be escaped by pious platitudes.
It is high time for all, including those
responsible for administration policy, to
get down to rugged reality, to look at
conditions as they actually are today,
and not as we wish them to be.

It is not too late for a realistic examination or a reexamination, if you will, of
the situation to produce some lessening
of the perils of those gallant men now
fighting on one of the frontiers of freedom. Upon the results of such an examination we must chart a course of effective action, and we must be prompt in
doing so. Promptness, Mr. President, is
no less required than realism, we are
like the firemen who debate while the
house burns down.

In this time of peril, it is the duty of
everyone--Democrat, Dixiecrat, or Republican--to work in the national interest. We are all, first of all, Americans.
But it is not in the national interest to
unite in support of error, or of policies
that have failed. Unity then would
only compound the damage of the past.
World history is littered with the corpses
of nations which were united behind bad
leadership following the wrong course.

Let us briefly examine the three plans
which this administration has used in
three of the major areas of the world in
the last 5 years.

No. 1: The Forrestal plan, which Truman fortunately adopted for Greece and Turkey. As we all know, the Forrestal
plan, simply stated, was to give all the
necessary military aid to people who
themselves were willing to fight communism--enough military aid to make
them strong enough to withstand international communism. While sufficient
economic aid was given to make the military aid effective and workable, the emphasis at all times under the Forrestal
plan was to be on military aid. The Forrestal plan, as we know, proved very
successful.

No. 2: The Acheson-Marshall plan for
all of western Europe, which was directly opposite to the Forrestal plan for Greece and Turkey. It consisted of giving the maximum economic aid with no
thought whatsoever of any military defense of western Europe. In fact, the
over-all plan was to build up the area
economically and keep it defenseless
from a military standpoint.

MR. KEM. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield?

Mr. MCCARTHY. I yield.

Mr. KEM. Is it not true that the
Marshall plan, as originally proposed by General Marshall, included Russia
among its beneficiaries?

Mr. MCCARTHY. That is certainly
true.

The Acheson-Marshall plan fitted perfectly with Communist Russia's desire
for a power vacuum in all of western Europe. On paper, as we know, there
was a material and welcome change in
the Acheson-Marshall plan for western Europe over a year ago. The change is
on paper. At that time, as the Senate
will recall, we voted vast sums of money
for the military defense of western Europe. As of today, however, western Europe is still defenseless, while our State Department holds lengthy conferences with European leaders on such
questions as whether or not an additional
500 policemen can safely be allowed to
Western Germany.

No. 3: The Hiss-Acheson-Jessup-Lattimore-Vincent plan to turn all of Asia
over to the Communists and to then
cooperate with those friendly Communists. In other words, in one area of
the world the plan was to fight international communism with economic aid;
in another area it was to fight international communism with military aid; and

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