What strikes Goldstein immediately is that while white, black and Hispanic children all made modest test score gains in DC since 2003, Michelle Rhee’s chancellorship failed to significantly narrow achievement gaps between the various demographic groups, meaning disadvantaged DC youth are still behind the national average.

“Achievement gaps would be less disturbing in and of themselves if overall achievement levels were moderate or high. But what we continue to see in DC is that white students score well above both national and urban district averages for their race; black, Hispanic and poor children score well below national averages for their races and classes. This makes DC the city in the nation with the largest black-white student achievement gap.”

It also seems to Goldstein that if you’re white or middle-class and living in Washington then chances are your child would attend a socioeconomically segregated neighborhood school and will outperform her peers in suburban public schools. If you are a poor parent and you’re not white, on the other hand, your child is more likely to do worse in the DC public schools than he likely would have done in other urban or suburban districts.

“Michelle Rhee and her successor, Kaya Henderson, have presided over a landscape of modest raw test score gains. Meanwhile, the expansion of school choice in DC encouraged more white and middle-class families to send their children to public schools, and provided an escape route to some poor children who would otherwise have attended failing neighborhood schools.”

A reading of the NAEP data shows that Rhee and Henderson have failed to shrink the achievement gaps in DC, or guarantee to low-income parents that their children will receive at least an adequate, “average” education, no matter what school they attend, writes Goldstein.