John Bowlby

The Making and Breaking of Affectional Bonds
A Secure Base

These two volumes, first published in 1979 and 1988, bring together a
range of lectures and talks by psychiatrist John Bowlby. Most were
delivered to professional audiences, but nothing in them assumes a
technical background. They have been edited to reduce repetition and
in some cases augmented with linking material.

Bowlby's work has many strands, but a few are central to these essays.
One is attachment theory, which argues that children form a core
attachment to a primary caregiver, who provides a secure base for
exploration, and separation from whom produces anxiety. Elements of
this persist throughout life, and a need for secure relationships
is normal. As well as its role in child development, Bowlby draws
out the implications of attachment theory for psychopathology and for
understanding responses to separation and loss.

Another recurring strand consists of arguments that psychoanalysis is,
or should be, a science. This is most convincing by demonstration, with
Bowlby himself drawing on ethology, anthropology, cognitive science,
evolutionary biology, and actual observation of children and parents.
And there are a number of papers which offer advice for clinical practice.

Bowlby is a significant figure in the history of psychology and these
volumes make a decent introduction to his work. The material covered
should have broad appeal, most obviously to parents and educators.