Why are you in college?
A. I do not want to be a janitor
B. I want to learn stuff, and I genuinely like
learning new stuff
C. I just want a good job
D. To find a member of the opposite (same?)
sex with whom to procreate
E. My parents made me
When I grow u

Announcements
Syllabus is posted on sakai
Iclicker points will start this week. Please
bring to class from now on.
Please register your iclicker ASAP
It does not have to be registered today,
but needs to work
REMINDER: you must answer ~90% of
the que

Announcements
Please register your iclicker online ASAP.
Sakai.rutgers.edu is the main website for this
course.
Clicker points start today!
Classroom Poll
Have you ever taken a Geology class before?
A. Yes
B. No
Classroom Poll
When did you take the Geo

Extra Credit: Visit the Natural
History Museum
Details will be posted on Sakai this week!
Go to AMNH in NY, complete the assignment.
THROUGH SAKAI, please turn in:
1. a picture of yourself next to your favorite exhibit,
2. a photo of your ticket
3. the co

Test 1 review (fast)
Galaxy - immense system of hundreds of billions of stars
pulled together by gravity
Spiral Galaxy ngc4414
Do galaxies move in relation to each other?
Noise (sound and light) has a pitch
Pitch depends on frequency - # of waves
mov

CLIMATE WEATHER SEASONS
Seasons contribute to the weather and the weather contributes
to the climate
Weather: long term pattern of precipitation and temperature
that varies by latitude
Climate zones
Polar, temperate, and tropical
Correspond to atmospheric

TIME IN EARTH TERMS
LECTURE 1
How
How
often do earthquakes occur?
often do volcanic eruptions occur?
i.e. Cascade Range
Deposits/ash layers representing a volcanic eruption
What is the age of Earth?
What is the age of the fossils found in the layers of th

HURRICANES
Cyclonic Air Mass
Tornado is on land
Hurricane and water spot originate in the water
Dust devil is a wind storm in the desert
All originate due to thermal inversion
Typhoons
Asian word for hurricane
Hurricanes in the Indian Ocean
Hurrican

VOLCANO
Magma: molten rock in the subsurface of Earth
Lava: molten rock in the surface of Earth
Outlet for a natural system of underground pipes that connect the
subsurface to the surface of the Earth
Surface of the Earth temperature is too low to melt ro

DESERTS
Continetial Environmental
Hydrological Cycle
o High evaporations
o Water lost
o Low precipitation
Area that gets less than 250mm of annual precipitation
Inland Desserts
Situated within continential interiors
Position relative to landmass
Takin

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
Rocks
Rock is a natural solid that is a conglomeration of minerals glass and
fragments of other rocks.
Mineral is a natural solid, predictable crystal and atomic structure
Natural gas: glass and fragments of the rocks
Major Layers of

RIVERS
Raritan River
Interplay between the storm and the river
Hurricane Sandy
El Nino (1997-1998)
Relation to the Atlantic Ocean
o High tide: water flowing into New Brunswick
o Low tide: water flowing into the Atlantic
Storm surge: a wall of water pu

SEDIMENTARY BASIN
99% of all gas and oil is derived from sedimentary basins
Economical geology
Hydrologic fracture: pump water and other liquids in to the source rocks to
take out the economics sources
o Potential damage to the water systems
Texas is a gr

THE ATMOSPHERE OF EARTH
Atmospheric circulation: convection cells
o Sunlight warms the Earth
o The air closest to the surface warms and rises
o The air cools and sinks back down
Weather
o High pressure systems to low pressure systems
o High temperature to

BIOGRPAHY OF EARTH-HISTORICAL GEOLOGY
Lecture 3
4.5 Billions Years- Present Day
Stratigraphy: the study of the sequence of geological layers in time and space
Strata and stratum
Law of superposition (layer cake rule): layers at the bottom of a sequence
fo

Earths Climate History
Lecture 4
Analog for understanding todays climate
Climate is regional difference in temperature and precipitation, usually
according the latitude
World from modern day to 4.5 billions years ago the Earth is in a Greenhouse
phase wit