Rabu, 24 Juli 2013

Concept of Geography

What are the subject of
geography?

The term of geography firstly appeared in
176-194 BC by Erastosthenes. This term come from the word “geo” which means
earth and “graphein” which means description. So geography means the “description
of earth.”

Definition
of Geography According to Some Expert

1. Bintarto
: Geography is the
science to describe, analyze, natural landscape, population and characteristics
of life.

2. Peter
Hagget: Geography
concern in ecology and spatial system (relates to man and enveroment).

3.
Strabo: Geography studies
spacial characteristics in certain place and its relation with tha other place
as a whole

4. IGI
(Ikatan Geografi Indonesia): Geography is the science that studies similarities and differences
of geosphare phenomena with environmental perspective and regional point of
view in spatial context.

Geography
has 10 Basic Concepts

1. Object location will influence the
value of the object

2. Distance can influence the value of an
object and time to access it

3. Accessibility is influence by suitable
facility

4. Distribution pattern of settlement is
influenced by nature codition

5. Morphology (landform) has strong
influence on its benefits of human life

6. Agglomeration of population tendn to
follow their activity and social status

7. The value of utility and benefits of a
region is different to each other

8. Interaction is mutual relationship
between man and environment which produces new phenomena

9. Areal differentiation is related to the
differences of geographical phenomena between one region and another earth surface

10. Spatial interrelationship happens
because of the differences interregion, therefore

interdependency axists.

Development
of Geography Perspective

Divide in to five areas:

1.Classic
Goegraphy Perspective.

Claudius Ptolomeus, was an expert in thie perspective.
In his book named Geographike Unphegenesis he explained that geography is a
presentation of the earth’s surface on the map

2.Modern
Geography Perspective (18th century)

According to Immanuel Kant, geography is
the studies which focus on material object or phenomena and its spatial
distribution.

3.Geography
Perspective in last 19th century

Friedrich Ratzel (1844-19040), a political
geographer told that landscape as a result of climatic process which influences
human life.

4.Geography
Perspective in the 20th century

Vidal de la Blache (1854-1918), his famaus
point of view is always integrated to physical factor as well.

5.The
Newest Geography Perspective

E.A Wrigley (1965). All analysis methods can be used in geography
study.