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Running the experiment Need a male first… Time: Now a female…. Time: Statistical analysis (your next class?) to determine whether there is a real difference or the difference occurred only by chance. Statistical vs. clinical significance

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Correlational studies… NOT Cause and Effect From 0 (no Correlation ) to or Perfect Correlation)

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More studies… Analog… effects of alcohol using rats Simulation…”sexual sadism” followed by survey Field studies…observe in nature (aggression)

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One vs. many Nomothetic studies: study a large group of people and formulate a general law of behavior Idiographic = one person… – Case study (tests, observe, interview) – Single N (baseline, treatment, behavior, withdraw, behavior) – Multiple baseline (more than one behavior or one place) – Can’t generalize from an N of 1…

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Other types of research Survey (GCC survey ) Longitudinal (over long period of time) Historical (reconstructing the past) Twin studies (twins – Thomas Bouchard)Thomas Bouchard Treatment outcomes Treatment process (how/why treatment is effective) Program evaluation (Dare, Head Start) Prevalence ( % in population with a disorder) Incidence rate (# of new case in specific time period – PTSD in last 9 years?)