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Maximum Salary

May 8 2012 at 10:34am CDT By Luke Adams

When superstars like Deron Williams or Dwight Howard approach free agency, they are often referred to as "maximum-salary players" — players that will likely earn the maximum contract offers permitted under the CBA. Because NBA teams are limited by a salary cap, clubs can only offer a single player a certain percentage of the cap. However, the maximum salary varies from player to player.

If a player has been in the NBA for six years or less, he can earn up to 25% of the salary cap. Players with seven to nine years of experience can earn up to 30%, while veterans with 10+ years in the NBA are eligible for up to 35% of the cap.

When determining the actual amounts of maximum salaries for a given season, a different cap calculation is used — so while 25% of 2011/12's $58.044MM salary cap would be $14,511,000, the actual maximum salary for players with zero to six years of experience in 2011/12 was just $12,922,194. For 30% players, the maximum was $15,506,632, and for veterans of 10 or more years, the max was $18,091,071. These figures will fluctuate from year to year, depending on the projected Basketball Related Income for a given season.

There are a number of exceptions to the maximum salary, as follows:

The maximum salary only applies to the first year of a multiyear contract. For example, if Deron Williams were to sign a maximum-salary deal this summer, he would be subject to the maximum salary for the first season, with either 7.5% or 4.5% raises, depending on where he signs. So by the third or fourth year of his contract, he could be earning significantly more than the max salary.

A free agent's maximum salary is always at least 105% of his previous salary. For instance, Kevin Garnett's 2011/12 salary was $21,247,044. For 2012/13, he is eligible to earn a maximum of $22,309, 396 — 105% of his prior salary.

A first-round pick coming off his four-year rookie scale contract is eligible for a maximum-salary contract extension worth 30% of the cap (rather than 25%) if he meets one of the following criteria: (1) Wins a Most Valuable Player award; (2) Voted an All-Star Game starter at least twice; (3) Named to an All-NBA team at least twice.

Let's take a deeper look at Williams' case as he approaches free agency. The All-Star point guard is coming off a $16,359,805 salary in 2011/12, which exceeds the maximum for a player with his NBA experience. He has a player option for next season worth $17,779,458 that he doesn't intend to exercise, which will make him a free agent. Since he's already making more than the maximum, Williams will be eligible for a new max of up to 105% of his prior salary — $17,177,795.

If Williams were to re-sign with the Nets, who hold his Bird rights, he could earn 7.5% annual raises over a five-year deal that started at $17,177,795 in its first year. Signing with another team, such as the Mavericks, would mean 4.5% annual raises and a four-year maximum. So the largest contract Williams could earn from the Nets would be worth about $98.77MM over five years, whereas a maximum-salary deal from another team would be worth about $73.35MM over four years.