Abstract:

In this paper we first discuss «whole-of-government» initiatives as a reaction to the
negative effects of NPM reforms such as structural devolution, performance management,
and «single-purpose organizations». Second, we examine what is meant by a
«whole-of-government» approach. Third, we discuss how we might interpret the
concept of whole-of-government in analytical terms and the various empirical
manifestations of this in different countries and within the same country. We contrast a
structural approach with a cultural perspective, but also draw on a myth-based
perspective. Fourth, we address the dynamics of whole-of-government measures. Fifth,
we focus on what is typical for this approach as a way of regulating performance, and
what the effects on performance might be, i.e. how might the approach work in
practice? Finally we discuss some lessons from the whole-of-government movement.
Although the paper is primarily a conceptual and explorative one, it uses examples from
Australia, New Zealand, and some other countries to illustrate the points it makes.