Medicine Rocks State Park is a park owned by the state of Montana in the United States. It is located about 25 miles (40 km) west-southwest of Baker, Montana, and 11 miles (18 km) north of Ekalaka, Montana. The park is named for the "Medicine Rocks," a series of sandstone pillars similar to hoodoos some 60 to 80 feet (18 to 24 m) high with eerie undulations, holes, and tunnels in them. The rocks contain numerous examples of Native American rock art, and are considered a sacred holy place by Plains Indians.

Archaeological evidence indicates that there has been human habitation at or near Medicine Rocks for about 11,000 years. Aside from the other-worldly nature of the rock formations, Native Americans were attracted to the site because of the many medicinal plants which grew there and the fossil seashells which could be gathered for decorations.

The Crow called the Medicine Rocks area Inyan-oka-lo-ka, or "rock with a hole in it."Bone and stone tools, fire rings (circles of stones used to contain a bonfire), pottery, teepee rings (circles of stones used to hold down the edges of a teepee), and other artifacts have all been found at Medicine Rocks.

All the tribes which stayed at Medicine Rocks considered the place holy.Each year, the Crow made an offering to the "Little People" (a race of tiny, ferocious, spiritually powerful dwarves) at Medicine Rocks, where they believed some Little People lived.Such gifts might include beads, paint, or tobacco. The Crow also made "fasting beds" out of rocks, on which they would lay down while seeking visions and dreams

Weathering has given the soft sandstone rock formations a swiss-cheese look carved by time, water, and wind. Around 65 million years ago, much of Montana was covered by a vast, tropical sea. What today is eastern Montana was at the sea's edge. Some geologist theorize that a sandy river emptied into the sea here and other suggest that sand dunes are the origins of the Medicine Rocks.