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'4 $ ' ' ' VOLUME XLI. COLUMBUS, OHIO, TUESDAY, JUNE 3, 1851. NUMBER 40 PUBLISHED EVERY TUB HDA V MUltNl N(l BY MCOTT Si BAHCOM OFFIOK SOUTH-BAST OOSNB1 OF H Kill ST. AND BL'OAB ALLSV. TERMH Invnrlubly In advance. Weekly poruinaoi In Columbus Out of the city i by mull, sinijlo Tonhibsot lour and upwards Ta 'libs of ten and upwards, to tine undress Daily, sen Ion Trl-Weokly, do Weekly do.t ninffla To clubs of five and upwards .. 1 so .. i aa .. l ou .. a oo .. l oo so .. 40 The Journal li alio published Didly and Tri-Weekly during thn year; uwiy pur auuuiu, oy man, u ; in-nuuKiy, . It n if nf A HvAitfulnir WnrkW Pnuer. One square, lulluea or lea, one insertion ...ft' SO " " aarh additional " 0 " " " 1 month 1 S ti tt g i i 3 3 Ml h ii fl 5 00 ia b oo " " changeable monthly, ner annum T weoklv " " iM'W landing card, one squarn or 1pm, 8 00 .IS 00 fiO (X) 100 1)0 'A column, changeable quarterly,' OthereaieiDotprovldedfor, chargeable fnconformity with tho BDore ratci. AlllonnYd advertisements tobeuhiirgednotlosstfinn doublrthn above rates, and measured aa it solid. Advertiiemnntaon thotnatdeaxrlualvMy.to be charged atthe rate of 50 per cent, in advance on the above raws. MONDAY EVENING, MAY 26, 1851. Shooting the Doiihters. If any body doubts that (ho now Constitution wns nnulo for a partizan instrument, and that the leaders a I' that party aro determined to mako it a partizan question, let them wutch the course of the papers which are under tlioir control. Tliey are iutolornut and lavage against every man of their party who for a moment doubts the entire wisdom of this instrument. For instance, the Hon. Isaac Farrish, of Morgan county, who has represented that district in Congress, ami who iu 1839-40 represented tho Belmont district in Congress, at a Democrat, has seen fit to express himself in opposition to the new Constitution, Ho 1ms debated the subject with Col Hawkins, of the Convention. Thereupon the Cincinnati Enquirer pounces down upon Par-rish almott as hard as he did on Hawkins lust winter. Hera is the document: "After a painful, laborious, and profitless journey, the " Honorable Isaac Parrisii " has reached home again, tho bottom of Whiggery, which ho left n few years ago on a venal trip to the Democracy alter nllice. He is one of the most trilling, vasci I luting and morally and politically rotten creatures that ever got into a respectable place in Ohio, He ia now back where ho always belonged. We congratulate Whiggery on their returned prodigal. We congratulate the friends of the new Constitution on the opposition llu-y will meet with iu inch a petty driveller." It is proper to say that Mr. Parrisii has not deserted tho Locofoco putty. If we felt disposed, we could stuto some things about the connexion of Mr. I'arrisii with u certain paper at Washington City, that blow up uuderthe charge of one of the editors of the Enquirer, that would show that ho hud confidence in him, atone time, at least. But as it is a family quarrel, we will let them fight it out. To us this attack looks a little tin grateful. It will fail, however, in convicting Parrieh. Absence of mind. The Statesman was so outrageously mud because we culled attention, a fow days sirce, to its attack upon those who postponed tho Young Men's Convention- more properly, a Convention of thoso who turn grind tone for the party I hat wo did not expect it to become satio for several days, and therefore, didn't wish to increase its malady by calling its attention lo the irritating theme in other words, to its " peculiar institution." It abused us roundly, called hard names, insisted upon it the Convention was postponed by persona who had a right to do it; but it wholly forgot to explain icky it copied with approbation tho attacks made upon thoso who postponed the Convention ! Why it copied and commended the charge thut ihey are "pertain of easy virtue; pursnns who " hang on " to the party ; person who use " tmooth-tounding tcordt " at the expense nf principle! W hy it gave aa much weight as possible to those charges, by adding its own opinion that the postponement was improper I There Is no objection to tho Statesman getting as mad as possible, raving like a maniac, or anything ot that sort, but the question will nevertheless be hkoly to recur why publish that attack upon those who postponed the Con vention 1 Its abuse will not amount to much till that is answered, California Items. By the last arrival we got a new supply of paper, from which wo propose to pick out such items as are of iulerest. The Sacramento Daily Union says that good trappers can make a fortune in catching otters on thn stream between that city aud San Joaquin. A largo and liiie specimen of gold bearing quartz, weighing 480 pounds, was exhibiting at San Francisco-The owner refused $800 for it, intending to send it to his friends in tho States. They continue to tell large stories about tho gold rocks of that country. The minors on tho middle- fork of American river were doing well. The river was high but tho dry diggings yielded finely. Win. O. Bobhett, nf Morgan county, Illinois, was found murdered near Fort John, on Dry creek. He had money, and was on his return to hi home. Farming prosjfecis are decidedly good in California. The high price which everything in the lino of enables brings has induced numbers to turn attention l the business. Their success it regarded as certain. Bear river is regarded as one of the beat points for diggings in California. Ho says the Sacramento Union. Mr. Stark, a theatrical star, look a benefit at Surra- mento City on the fall April. Theatricals are up iu Cal ifornia. Suspended. Mr. C. Waggoner, having associated himself with Senator Bill in the publication of thu " Sandusky Reg ister," it taking the place of tho Sanduskian, and having failed to dispose of the Milan Tribune, announce that that paper will be discontinued from this date, and the subscribers will be supplied with the Register in its stead. Messrs. Bill & Waggoner issue their first number of the Register, at Sandusky City, o-duy. They can hardly tail nf success. E7Tho Sandusky Clarion, in commenting on the notice of tho statement of Messrs. Birchurd and But k-luud about the Sandusky railroad bonds, is inclined to censure us for going, ns it claims, a Utile too far ii our remarks. Peril u so. But these men, who thu Clarion admits, are highly respectable, thought so great injustice hud been done as to require them toreC' tify It over their own names. We published their statement, aud we made no other remarks than suggest- ed themselves to our mind iu view of tho ex peso of the fraud. Wo can assure thu Clarion, and all persons concern ed, that we have no feeling in this business. Wo do nut care which of the railroads prevail. We don't own any town lots in northern Ohio, and havo no railroad p stock lo bo effected thereby. Wo published the des patch merely ai an item of news, und we published tho communication of Burchard and Bucklatid matter of justice to those who had been misrepresent ed and injured, without our knowing It, in nur col uinus. We repudiate all idea or iutontion of taking sides in this controversy. If our canting and would bo sovero and sharp friends of the Clarion, could say as much, porhaps this paragraph would havo remained unwritten. II the scribbler who signs himself "Truth" iu the Statesman, expects any body to believe wliut he may ay, he must stick closer to the truth. If he wishes to convoy the idea that the wings in the Convention vo ted against the decision of Hamilton county into sepa rate districts, aud that they did not from the Ii rat favor 111 formation of separate districts, then he is not on! an utterer of the falsehood, but foolishly, ridiculous! to. Every body kuowt it is false, " TnttK " knowt it it false. And General Green did not muke tho motion he pretends. CT'Mrt. Bushmill, the celebrated phreimhigist uud ilairvoyant, it now in the city and will remain during the week. She hat roomt at the Capitol Houso, am persons who are curious in these matters, and who d aire to consult her about d i sea ses, will find her the at all hours between 0 A. M. aud 5 1'. M. We have received from ftleasnn & Co. a beuutifu sheet, entitled Jenny Lind, printed tu bronxo, and pre tenting a very rich and beautiful appearance. T portrait looks about as much like Jenny Lind as it di like the rest ol mankind. The ' Carpet Bag," a new aud humorous paper, pub halted tn nu .lyle, at Boston, can be had at Treten: der's new depot. It cUtimt to be the special organ of Mrs. rsrungton. The Approaching Revolution. The signs of the limes aro not to be mistuken. XV are now on the era of a greataud radical change ill the style of Female dress. Wo may laugh at it, sneer at it, ridicule it, do what we will, proper or improper, mid yot it will come! And whyT Because every physi cian, every man who is acquainted with anatomy aud physiology is aware that the present mode of female dress is very injurious to the human frame, and that a regard to health and comfort all require a reform. A man secured considerable fame and credit for. sharpness by saying that ho was in favor of the next war. Wo register one numo that it in favor of thin coining revolution. Already it hut reached Ohio. The Uevelund Herald of Thursday last, says; An improvement iu female dress was broached at t lie bust, a lew daring ones attempted it, and ttii mans looked on, admired, and wished to do likewise, but feared ridiculo. In the west, n chosen few udopted the now stjle; and yesterday, upon the pave of the roresi ony two young ladies ot luirest reputation ana attractions donned tho new cuslomo. und though the " observed of all observers," made their afternoon pro menade. Their dress was elegant und bountiful. Skirts rouch-nig to tho knee, and luose trowsers of white. Tho long, unseemly dress and dozen skirts which "sweep the crossing "as they pass, were wanting, but in thoir place was a costunio equally modest and u thousand times IHUO 1IIJY. io sticklers lor time honored things, perhaps even in your day too Jnsuionablo, back-heating, some -de stroying tlylo of dresB may pass away, and Ire replaced with one that shall be more graceful ami equally modest, while it iu no way intorleios with tho devel opment anu iieuituy action oi Uio system. To show tho progress and stuto of the reform, wo copy the following from tho press in dilVereiit portions ol tho Union : Tho New C'oNtiinie How It Taken In llio Hum! UlNtrletM. Tho Kenosha (Wis.) Ttdeijrnpli says: There is no reform winch is correct iu theory, which cannot find some independent spirit in Kenosha, to reduce to practice. On Wednesday afternoon two of the wives of air must respeetuhlu citizens uppeared in tho short lresses and pants. The fashion on tho whole is ap- Iiropnato, uud bus seine show of common souso to lack it. If uuvihinc. Hie frocks are u little too Ion and the pants a little too full. Wo admire tho inde pendence ol tho ladies who duro to do us tliey please what business is it to tho carping and carkiug crowd, if the ladies of this city are tired of usina their dressed o sween the crossiiiL's and sidewalks T The ladies of Milwaukee. Hncine. uud EairlevUlc. can now set their dresses mude and come here uud wear them, till tliey got used to them, and our ludies will return wilh you, and assist in breaking up tho mock modesty of your heri-hussied villages. The fact is, "it's u go," and it win not he long before the novelty ceases to attract nt- euiiou. Tho (ietiuvu (ia.ette hat tho following : Uav belore veslerdav it was our urivileL'o to witness the appearance of some of tho ladies nf our village in the improved mode of dress, viz: with short dresses and Turkish puutatonnH. This uovel nppearanco wns reeled ly mime Willi undisguised nin th. Hy others tlh ridicule, manifestly impolite and indicative of the xtent of their good sense. But most regarded it with 'ci ueu approval. Yesterday morniiiif, ulo, wo understood they were worn by soino ladies taking a moi uing walk. Wo I hope that this may bo the beginning of a sjeedy nnd I general introduction ot an improvement so desirable o might enumerate the advantages attending such au iproveinout iu personal attire, but they are so obvious at Ihey must commend themselves to the good judg- L'ni ol me ludies ol denevu, as they havo aliemly ne to thoso of Seneea Falls. Syracuse uud other laces. The SprineReld Republican savt that several of the new dresses lor ladies, consisting of the tdmrt dress nnd trowi-ers, uppeared iu the streets ol tint town on Hutur- Another ol our exchanges, the name of which wo live forgotten, speuks us follows: The new costume tho short skirts and Turkish trowsers have "come totown." If all stories aro true re was an "nnoenrunce" in tho full style iu this lace, not two days since, and numerous suits of tho new ciiBtume have actually been ordered at our most shionnhio drossmakors shops, and will be out in a w days. Those who intend to follow tho fashion, must go and do likewise. 1 lie dress lias become loo common hero to attract much attention, and all agree to its neatness, and the improved appearance of lue wearer. Syracuse Journal. Altogether, this costume, call it (ireciau, or Turkish, what you will, is femininely graceful, convenient, ly, and in harmony with the laws of health and, if litness is the chief element of beauty," tho most beau-ul that our ladies over wore. Syracuse Standard. told muids talk uyaind them, cynical editors sneer, nd rude boys and bit:, dirty corner loafers abuse them, but short dresses nnd Turkish trowsers will eveutuully onto in vogue, 1ie mono prejudice that exists against liem, was once brought to bear against whito hats nnd low kids; but thoso articles have triumphed, and hose who once decried then,, are now their constant I wrers. Albany Knickerbocker. tVit have not had the pleasure of seeing a specimen tt.e Indies' "frock und trousers," but wo freely con- less the change strikes us very favorably, and us wo onsider Hih ladies of our goodly city quite up to the mark in nny good cause that pertains to them, wo shall iniueiitiy rp'i;i iu do griiiiiieu m a irw uuym wiiu u cm at " the new style." in many placet the mess u received with approval aud admiration, while from no quarter do we boar a reason given lor continuing the preseut inconvenient nnd often inelegunt stylo of ladies' garments. The only weapon attempted to be used in ppomtiou to tho innovation, it ridicule n weupou nte as elhcti'ut in a hud cause us a good one, ami more frequently used. Troy pott. For tho hlo KtHlo Juurnsl. lie notion of the Whiff Stale entnil roiiimitlee, Ac. fNo. il l " Truth," in his second article, seems much puzzled understand the objection of tho Committee in regard the attack ou the Stuto credit, am) says it it aimed against tho chapter on Slate debts." Now, iu this, io is utterly timtukeii; tho address had not this sub- ct iu contemplation, and, thereloro, all bis surmises m this point lull to tho ground. It is to the attempt to lax Stnto and United States storks, covert it is called because, on Saturday, March 8th, near the the closo of io session of tho Convention, ou report of Mr. Saw- r, tho language of the section on tint subject was changed from " Male and United States stocks ' to tocks, to as to admit of a double construction, as Mr. Mitchell charged in bis at tuck on Mr. Sawyer for de serting the Democratic party. "Truth" says it cannot io determined what State bonds aro exempt by law, aud what not, but a reference to the law of 1 805 pledg ing the faith of the State in this mutter, tho law of 1839 and llio law of 18j0 referring to the several ads amendatory lo tho net of lSJ.I, will show that near l,l)0l),0i0 of the stocks of tho Stuto wore thus ex in p ted, and for Ihe obvious reason, that the bonds, in consequence ol this provison, were soul in tome co at H hr cent, premium, ns will tocii by tho speech if Mr. Perkins in Convention, ou Dee. 17th, tn which tho statistics aro collected from official authority. Truth" is again at lautt if ho means that all Dema nds approve of this violation of the plighted faith ol tho Stuto. In his speech, Dec. l(i, Judge Holt, a radi- ul, holds (ho following language: "I said then, sir' in 185, at a member of thu General Assembly, that would not tax these stin ks, nor do any act to impair their value. What I suid then, I say note. What promised I mean to muonx. And as the promise wut made in behalf of my constituent, I mean Ihey lml 1 perform it. Sir, I have not consulted my constit uents, not a man ol them upon tin question. But I d not believe any considerable portion of them wouh require mo to voto for taxing that purlieu of tho State stocks, which were created and issued under a rLxnox that they should not bo taxed. Nay, sir, I do not be lieve they would even justify me in giving such vote." Mr. Case, ol l.icktng, whose letters on tho new con stitution havo been paraded recently in Ihe Statesman, it certainly good Authority, and ho uses infinitely stronger language than tho Committee s address, warning his party not to fix the stain of Ki:runiATioN on (ha fair escutcheon of Ohio, aud against tho futi attempt to lux United Stales Slocks in tho teeth of ll reH'pted decisions of llio Supremo Court, that it was violation of the clause of ihe constitution of tho Unite States conferring on Congress tho power "to borrow money." "Truth" it referred to ihe decisions iu the cases cited in this speech, ttartieulurly Weston at al. vs. City ol Charleston Peters. 4 liMHO (he la( Dobbins vs. Commissioners of Erie, in Error, Hi IN delivered at late as 181?, by Judge Wayne, i mncrut, as the mouth piece of a democratic court. The argument of this speech so completely sustains tl second objection of the Committee, lhat we quota it some length, nnd call ou every honest man to read and then tuy, if an instrument that thus flagrantly vio late! the constitution of the United States, and th State rum for tho purpose of driving out of tho hand of our cilixent the basis of some of our banking insti tuliunt, so us to carry out the design of tho hard money men by indirect means, after they were defeated on tho open inue, should b sustained. Banks should b taxed as other property, not mote, merely to gratify the malignity oi a disappointed taction, Mr. CASE, of Licking said: Tho question now be fore ns ia not upon the passage ol a mere temporary law of the Legislature which may bo passed ut one session, -uo ii luuud inconsistent with tho constitution, unwise, impracticable, or opposed to the will of the people, repealed at the next. But ou tho contrary, we propose to place a provision in the fundamental, organ ic mw mi uio oiuie, which gives uiiiu uuu power lo me legislative authority itself, to endure for many years, and which cannot be changed with tho facility of a mere legislative enactment. Wo propose to do this, and yet if this provision should bo found contrary to the constitution of tho United States if it coullicts with that which is declared tho paramount law of the land it is liable to be considered aud pronounced a iniuuy, a uonu lenur, io aiuuu oniy as a PKnPKTUAi. testimony of tho folly oi thoso who originated it. Therefore it is of more importance tlmu a mere act of the Gen eral Assembly, which may, when found unwise or u- constitl'tionaL, no expunged and swept Irotn our stat ute books. Tho first proposition presented by the section now before the committee is to tux the stocks of tho United States, holden by citizens of Ohio. mr. mcuuicvuurt. i nut ia not tho (mention Mr. CASE. The L'outleuiau insists this is not a true statement ol the question. Well, what is a true state ment? It is this, I suppose: Wo are not to tux the bonds themholves, for it is by nil admitted that that cannot no done, but the vuhio of the bonus llio money they represent the money invested, in them, and liie interest deriveil I'mm them. Nuw. I mn liiiiililo lo draw any distinction between a tux upon tho bonds iiieinseivea uud a lux upon the investments mere in, or upon the interest derived therefrom it is too much like loo distinction between Iwedtlledoui nnd tweedledi To tax Ihe one or the other is, iu erivcl. the sumo Tho result is the Maine. If one is wroii)'. tho other it so for it is un indisputable principle ol law lhat wo have no right to do that by indirect means winch wo may not do directly. lain aware that strenuous attomnta have been thus made to sophisticate Ihis question, but it io in vum. i uero is no soiiu, no substantial distinction no reason in it no sense no luw. There is no right to lax the money uo right to tux tho stocks no right to tux tho interest. Thu reason against tho one is tho sumo as ugainst theother. uud m nil the cases both reason mid law uro conclusively against tho right. What was the reusou given by the Supremo Court of tho United States for not allowing luxation, bv the Stutes, of the bonds, &c, of tho general government T In tho case ot McCullough vs. the Stute of Maryland, lth Wheuton's Reports, Chief Justice Marshall, in de livering tho opinion of the Court, said : ' 1 ho States havo no uower bv laxutiou or otherwise to retard, impede, burthen or iu any manner control the operations ot the constitutional laws enacted by Congress to carry into execuiioii tho powers vested iu tho general government." Again, the same great Judge, in giving tho opinion of the Court iu thu case of Weston and others, vs. tho ity ot Charleston, 2nd Peters' Reports, says: " Tho Amoi icau people havo conferred upon their government the power ol borrowing money, and by making that government supreme have hhiolded its action in tho exercise of this power from tho action of tho local governments. The grunt of tho power is in- 'ompniiblo wilh a restraining or controlliiiL' power: he right to tux the contract to any extent, when made. must operate upon tho power to burrow before it is exorcised uud have a sensible influence on Hie contract. The extent of this inlluenco depend mi ihe will of a district government. To any extent, howowr, incon- nueiiiuiu, u in u nimiiou on me opcruiious oi too gov- rument. It may bo carried to au extent which hhall est ihcut." havo thus given the laliguago of the Court on this iject, because it is more expressive than any which mysellciin command. Iho geuilomuii from Trum-nil Mr. Kannky assumed, in bis remark unon tho case- in iind Peters Reports, that it was by a majority tho court, considered a case of a tux on Iho bond it- If, that it was decided to be unconstitutional upon ut ground, and that lhat decision does not cover ihe soot question. In that lie ih mistukou. It is Iruo lUt.ludgoThonipaoii, iu delivering his dissenting opin io, did assume the lax to bo an income tux. and ns such, in his opinion, unobjectionable iu view of the constitution ol tho United States. But the opinion of a iijority of thu court, us delivered by Chief Justice Marshall, covers tho whole ground nnd lays down the au pnneipio thai whether ihe tax he upon the bond upon tho income of (he bond, makes no dilh retico. ledoctriuo laid down, in its broadest, fullest, nnd st comprchotiftivn sense, is, 1 lint tho Stnto hud no' wer to lax n contract ol the general umcuiuu-ni, on- r uuy pretence or lor any puriMiso whatsoever. This derision has never been doubled controverted or lied iu question, judicially or otherwise, to toy nnwledge; but, on tho contrary, it ban been referred i as authority by the same court, in loth Peters, in the case of Dobbins vs. Erie county, uud that court bus or been teuiirinus of questions once solemnly settled turn high tribunal. l.huvu no doubt upon the abstract question dlvest- il of nil questions of conflict belweeii tho State und nend governments, nnd nil pledges made and con- racis entered into bv the State of tho right of ihe St te to tux, in general, moneys invested iu stocks, ns II as moneys otherwise invested, llut tho question ro presented Is not diverted of these dilliculties, nor can ilieso ditliniltios bo surmounted bv treating this inquisition as n tax on income in government invest ments. Uthcrwixe, why may we not tut the olltcors Iho general government residing within this State. poii their ollicial ineomr f The Post in niter of tliiscity mis nn important ami lucrative oince, ihe emoluments which aro very considerable. Ho has a largo in- ome. hy not iny a tax on it f i Mr. RP.tr.MEI.lN believed it hud been done, mid is the practice in Virginia. Air. CASK. 1 tint cunuot be. 1 he cum- in 1 Ct li Pern is directly against it. That was iho precise nues- ion there mooted and decided by the nine judges of bat Court. Mr. Chairman ; when wo took our seats iu this body we took a solemn uaHi to support the constitution of io United Status. Wo assumed uu obligation not on ly to tlo nothing hostile to that constitution, but to su it-port it. Wo uro bouuil no less by our duties as citizens than by our oaths ns members of this body to sup port it. Are wo discharging these ohligatiqiiM to the government, created by that instrument, when wo are contriving menus to embarrns its operations when, iu fact, wo are making a direct attack upon its sovereign ' r when we are promising to arm this state with the iwer to slab it in a vital part 1 Let us piitise let us 'tlert belore wo ttiko ihis step above all things let us pause at this particular juncture in our national affairs, when the Union is menaced with civil discord. Now, sir, let us look a moment at the position iu hich the Supremo Court of thu United States, iu liiih 'eters, already referred to, 1ms placed the power ol a Stuto to raise a tux oti tho income of the officers of the got neral government. The State ol Pennsylvania, somi ears ago, passed a law levying a tax upon the income i lawyers, physicians, Ac., us wen as all oiiicers mid msts of nrolit. The plaiiitill au olliror of (he U. S., was master of tho Revenue Culler upon Luke Erie, ro lling at hnc in remisvlvamu under the luw ol lhat into llio not income ol his othre was rated at live hum red dollars yearly and the tax thereon amounted li some eight or ten dollars. It was resisted, and after ting through tho courts ot the Stalo, came at Inst, lor nal ail judication to llio Supreme Court of tho Union hero the law was holden to ho uuconsiituttnnul -that tnx iiTMtn tho income of the nllicerH of tho general gov- riitueiit wan nn nlt.irk imuli its aiiveretL'litv. nlleeimir iiaaiiiliiy io curry iisown mwa iuio uxecuuon. minia cose tho distinction made by iho gentlemen from Knox and Irutiihnii between n tax upon me proceeds or in line, aud n tnx upon the Hung itsell, was not lo- coguized. There- was no such disiiuctiou umdo. It wniindmiltcd to be au income tux, nnd decided upon thut cmund. Judge Wayne, who delivered the opin ion of tho court, pronouncing the law of Pennsylvania unconstitutional, speaking ol llio nature o that law, said : Tho law is, that nn account shall bo taken of all of fices mid posts of profit. The next section makes it the duty of iho nssossor to rato the Maine, having due regard to iho profits arising therefrom." " The emolu ments of the ollicu theii.uiid not llioollice, aretaxahle.' Tho tax is to bo levied upon a valuation of thu in come ul the otlico. Such was the unanimous and omphalic lungmigo of the court. To what absurd conclusions, Mr. Chairman, would a ontrarv doctrine lead us I Ohio might lay a lax ol suy five per cent.; Pennsylvania leu : Virginia filteen ; each would have a different rule, and what would he thu irresistnhie conclusion ! All equality in the salane of ollico would bo destroyed mid Iho powers of tho government would uu proslrutid. the Judge says iu onclusion: " Does not n tnx by the Stuto upon the ollice. dimin ishing the recompense, conlhct with tho law ot the United States, which scrim's to the olheer Us ontir ssl It certainly has such nnelloet, unit cannot there fore be constitutional." This derision was unanimous tho whole bench ot fudges, including Judge Thompson, who delivered the ilisseiitiuir opinion in 'Jud Peters, upon which gentle men have Imsed their arguments that income, ns routrmlislinguiahcd from thu source of it, could be tax ed. " " II Hie question is a doiitxiui one, thai ot itself is a snllieieut reason why it should not go into tho organic law nf the land. If, alter a conllict, it shall bo decided against us, we shall have recorded ill thin constitution, which we are about to form, nn inscription to our ktkh m ai, tiuMX and contusion. Thoro is also, in tho section under consideration, a do provision to tnx the stocks ot the Stnto of Ohio, now iu tho hands of our citizens. Most of those stocks wero issued under statutes more guarded than I htid supposed would at lhat lime havo been thought of or deemed necessary ; and if the (ioncral Assembly nf dint day had foreseen what is hero proposed, itcutild not by any lan guage have mora effectually guarded against it. It provided lhat neither tho stock or the interest thereon lioutd ever ho taxed, or the value in any respect impair- ed bv anv legislative act, 1 know of no lanuungu lhat can be stronger. That there may be no niisiuke about iu force and import. I will mad from the statute itself, Swan's Revised Statutes, page 747. " And the faith ul the State ia hereby puuuep, that wo tax sh:ill ever be levied by llie Legislature, or under the authority of this State, tu the stock to be created by virtue ut this act, nor ou the interest that may bo payable thereon; and further, that the value of said lock thall be in no wise inquired by any legislative net of this Slate." , ' Yot strange as it may appear, in the face of such guarded language in the face of such emphatic pr.KDO-E3 of the puui.io faith of the State, it is here deliber ately proposed to violate that sacred pledge, and turn round, aller we have received the mono v. and tnx such stocks, Tho nroiHisttion is a bold one. I can.howev- over, imagine one bolder, for which wo have an example in the Slate of Mississippi that is, kki'udiatk the wholo coniract: thut would only he doinu. un a lame scale, what is proposed to be done ou u very small one. But we aro told that a Stale lma mt the nower to barter away, for any consideration, this attribute of sovereignty the right of taxation. This question has also cumo before the Supreme Court of the Ifuited Stutes, and has been decided otherwise. The case is reported lti 7Lh Crunch. Tho fuels aro at follows: There wns, in tho State of Now Jersey, a remnant of a tribe of Delaware Judiuns. that hod elnhn tn n consid erable tract of territory, the boundaries of which wore not exactly defined. Tho Legislature of New Jersey proposed io purchase this claim, and to givo them, in exchange, a tract, with tho boundaries defined, which should be forever exempt from taxation. The transfer took'place under the terms nrnnosed. The Indiansaf- lerwurds sold these lands. The General Assemby of Now Jersey repenlml thn funrcreatiiig .the ono.rt..-i, and imposed a tux upon thuin. The case went to the Supremo Court, whero it wns holden thut the State having niHdo a contract, and upon a consideration, covenanted not to tax, was bound by the agreement. Tho law imposing tho tux was thorefbre unconstitutional and Void. Such Wiih tlm nnnninmos noinion nf the Court. Yet, in the very teeth of this decision, gentlemen propose to introduce into this constitution au injunction upon the Legislature to tax tho bods of the Stnto, nnd that too, in spite of tho must emphatic pledges and covenants thut such a thing should never be done. Now, I call such an net rkpuhiatiom. Admitting thut the law in unwise and unfortunate, ami thut tho Legislature of 1S-J5, in making it, exceed- d its powers, which 1 admit inn fairnueslion for argu ment, is it honest is it honorable to repudiate 1 Does any one hero desire thut the fa i ill of the State of Ohio shall statu! beside thut of Mississippi! And yet the cases are tho same, except that in our case, wo have not as yot consummated the doed. I for one, Mr. Chairman, am unwilliugto stand upon this aide of tho house, and as a member vl' the Democrat- auty, lo bear tho imputation ol i-ractical repu diation. In tunes past tho charge has been made against us that wo are agrarians aud reptid inters of the faith of tho Stato. 1 have always denied tho truth of any such charge. I cannot bring myself to acknowledge it, even uow. That wo should enter upon such a work, is unworthy us of the limes of ihe condition of tho Stute, which, nmid the fiiithless, bus over faithful been; that we should be willing to do it upoti a small scale, is most unworthy. It is adding meanness to ms-honesty. Good aft it u in a Stato is like eood faith in an individual; without it, in either, there is no credit, no ciiaractkr, no stanimno. The pool has not placed loo high a value on honesty when he says: " Lord, who's the mnn thut ntinTl tn thst blest cnurt repair f not airauger into In visit tlirm, but to inhiiuit uru. Wlin to lift pUpated vows and trust has ever (Irmly stood, And thoufth he promise to In loas, he innkes his promise, good." And ol Ohio I trust it may be said : Hlin to her nllffhted vows and trust hns ever flrmlv utonil. And though she promise to her luis, she'll mnko her promise Mr. Chairman, I was disposed when ihis discussion commonred to look upon the proposition as more than nun a jokk ns a sort ol scheme tn practice upon Iho nerves of gentlemen upon the other side; hut 1 find it regarded as a serious matter. Mr. UANNEY nsstired the gentleman from Liekhur that he was serious in it. Mr. MITCH ELL said he wns serious. Mr. CASE thought this joke hud been carried fur nougll at all events, he bail a orent rmniffiinnrrt nt being hung up between the heavens and the earth on this question: and when tho time shall come, ho would udeuvor to guard against it by the voto he should give. Yet in the fnco of these facts and arguments this lauso, sanctioning petty iiepu piatiom. aud acontemntu- t violation of tho constitution of the United Stairs was solemnly placed in tho new constitution. Will the people ratify by ihetr votes, a provision so absurd, ihat a leading nemocmi lu iim Convention considered: 1, when first proposed, n mere joke instead of a de- borutc design to sMimui.K a practical perjury into the Organic Law of tho Stato. "ONE" OK THEM. I orresiHttideiiee of the Journnl. Waure.i, May 18, 18..I. Mr. Bascom: l')ear Sir The only political ques- which now occupies the public mind, is the new constitution. There is uu great amount of enthusiasm en isled in its favor, even among tho Democrats, although, I think, they will almost unanimously vote for it. The ! Freesoilcrs, thoso mining them who have recently been Whigs, do not like the instrument; many of them will and ninny will not voto for it, while that portion of the Freesoil purty who came from the Democratic party, andthnso who wero old third party men, aro generally in favor of it, nnd will vote for it. The vote of that iarty will bo divided. Its organ hero is out against hu instrument strongly. As to the Whigs, some will ote for it with a scowl, others are at present quite in- illerent, while tho great majority will voto against it, especially if their attention is seriously railed to some f its mo-d obnoxious features, And why should they not 7 What will the W higs, or even the pie of the Stuto gain by its adoption! 1 he people, it is true, will gain an increased burden of luxation. They will also enjoy the satisfaction of knowing lhat an end will be put to all public improvements, that railroads and plank- roads will not bo constructed through the now portions of tho State, to disturb llio quiet of the primeval forests and to bring in inquisitive intruders and settlers to hange the beautiful and budding wilderness into stale and monotonous meadows, wheat fields and corn fields. These and many kindred benefits (if such ihey be, and they seemed to have been so considered by llio mujor- ty of tho Convention they will reap by its adoption Aud what uro the Whigs to gain b its adoption f A perpetual minority iu the legislative counrils by the operation of one of the most partizan ond unfuir appor tionments Hint wns over devised. What Whig will aid iu placing himself in a hopeless minority T I hope none. But tins ho will do if ho votes for Ihe new con stitutiun do it too with bis eyes open, nnd deliberately. I am at a Ions to understand the motives which govern such men. suid tho Democracy would nil go for it, and why not? It secures to them perpetual succession in ollico. It opens to them tho promised land, flowing with milk and honey, (lliat is, abundant ollices wilh good, fut sal aries.) W hat do they ruro whether nil their dogmas were engrafted into Iho instrument or not, so long as ftivos litem the power Thry wmil havo bean satisfied with llio old ouo if they could havo uniformly administered tho government. Any govern ment is good, any constitution bearable, as long pluees ou their shoulders the burden (f ) of ollice. Their support of tho instrument is based upon onoof the first principles of human natureself preservation. I could easily overlook some of llio unwise nnd imr- row iniuded and illiberal and unjust provisions of the instrument, were it not for ihe apportionment. If that was bur, so as to give n tnir expression ol the popular will, l suouiu noi tear inoir ueicicnoiin ouecis; oesiuei Iho instrument might bo nuiouded. But the upinirtion- metit cuts off all hope of am ndiuent, from the impossi bility oi securing a three-lillhs vote lor that purpose n a l.ocotoco Legislature. Yours, UOMi3 Dreudliil Oihunily. Tho shin Buckinghamshire, one of tho largest India men. was totally destroyed by fire while on her voyugo homo from Calcutta to Loudon. She left Calcutta the 1st of March with a cargo of Indian produce nnd about .'DO people, conaisting of troops, passengers nnd crew. On the fourth day out, and when oil' Canterbury Point, she wns discovered to bo nn lire. Every possible ox ertioti was mude to extinguish the flames, but howevor wilhoiit success. She was subsequently run ashore, uud all hands wilh the exception of six, who wero lb-owned, were providentially saved. She continued :o burn ibree days before she sunk. No properly was saved Iroiu tier, anil uie mss is esiimaieu ai ti-'u.uuu, Iron IE ii nU oi' Iron! on. Wosee. by the Register, Hint Hut enterprising and wealthy Irou musters, who nro niioresieu in tho lu ime en nround about Ironton. havo organized a hnni miller the above name. James ftodgers, John Peters, John Campbell. Hirnm Cmnpbeii nnd JuuietO. Wi lard, nro iho Directors of whom Mr. Rogers has boen made 1'reshlrnt, n),d Mr. W mam cannier. I hero will bo no default in this bunk based, as it is, on irou, well ns gold and silver. Vkillicothe Qarctte. Itrlttsh Sunshine. (ireeley, in a letter to personsabout to cross tho ocean, closes with tins streak of humor. It is corroborate by Iho muss of testimony on this paint t If tho ilav of voiir embarkation be fair, lake a lorn earnest pazo at the sun, so thut you will know him again when you return. They have something they II tho sun over hero winch tnoy "now occasional!; hut it looks more like a boiled turnip than It does li its American nnmesnko. Yet tliey rlreor us with th lassuraiico that there will be real sunshine litre by-and by, So mote it be, w TUESDAY EVENING, MAY 27, 18M. Lake Onturio lloute Eastward. The season for summer travel is rapidly advancing The great line of pleasure travel in the summer months, of course, is from the South to Hie North. From the vast valley of the Mississippi which uow scuds its tens of thousands and will soon send lis hundreds of I thousands up tho river to Cincinnati, und from thence by railroad through Columbus tu Cleveland, and to the north east the tide is beginning to come. Tho various avenues of communication begiu to feel the iullueuce ol tins anual migration. The day of big black trunks, and whole families of wanderers, begins to dawn. r rom Buffalo, several routes to tho east invito the atten tion of travelers. But, to our mind, no one has the attraction of the Luke Ontario route from Lcwistown, via Fort Niagara, Rochester, Oswego, Sacketl's Harbor, Kingston, Ogdensburgh, and down the SI. Lawrence to Montreal. The sceuery'on the lake and river is une-qualed, and the facility for getting from Montreal to any part of New England is now such that twenty-four hours will take you to the extremes of it iu almost any direction. Tho cool breezes of that northern latitude. the magnificent scenery of the thousand islands of the St. Lawrence, united with the host of faro, on the best of boats, all these unite to nmko Hub Me route east, in h tummer months. We have no doubt the enterprising proprietors of tho Steamboats on Lake Ontario and tho rivor St. Lawranco will reap a golden harvest this season, as the public are beginning to understand , and appreciate the advantages of that route. At all events, when we go east, wo shall practice what we proach.and shall go by the way nf Niagara, the Lake I and the St. Lawrence; und wo alVectionately appeal tu all our friends who wish to keep cool, find good company and accommodations, and enjoy the fiucst scenery mo continent, to " go and doltkewtse. Census Statistics. Tho Republic cuutuius a table of the census made at the Bureaus of the Department, which approxi- intes to accuracy, though the returns are not yot com plete enough to mako them perfect. According lo this table the entire population of tho United States, is 23.- !G3,4!J8, Tho federal representative population, inclu ling Ihree-hfths of the slaves is 31,833,IK.'l. The num ber of slaves is 3,175,58!). The ratio of representation Xl,,J'l. Under this, Ohio has 51 members, the snme number as at preseut. The rreu States havo a populu- lon, tor representation, of 13,533, 3!!, and tho Slave Stales of 8,2yy,.2;. We shall publish tho entire table of the population if each Stale wheu the returns are perfect, and when they appear iu un official shape. A ficw fAi'e Insurance Company. We cull the attention of our readers to the advertise ment, iu another column, of the Jefferson Life Inau-rutico Company, of Cincinnati. We aro glad to see thut some of the most wealthy and respectable men of lhat cily havo tnken hold ol it, as directors, and otlicers. Under their management, the public have a guuranty iiai its attain will be properly managed. U 1ms two (apartments; a joint stock, and a mutual plan; the joint stock being pledged for the security of iho mutual pnrtinent. 1 be rates are reasonable, being those xed upon by Insurance Companies in dilli-rent purls llie country. Of course, wheu a Company is formed at home, iu our own State, of sound, able inon, and on a basis of security to (be insured, wo should prefer our own to foreign companies. Iho advantages secured, are, 1st. ! No delay iu forwarding applications ; but an immediate issue of the policy. 2nd. Policies can be Inken for the enelil of the wife ur child of the applicant, free from II claims of creditors. 3d. The premiums accumu late at homo in solvent securities, I hereby preventing tho drain of money to tho East. 1 ho subject of Lite lusuruiico is nil rue ling much at tention ; aud, as we have several agents for responsible ompunies, we trust each business man will select some mie in which he has confidence, and make an invest ment. Almost a Fire. Last night, about 10 o'clock, the cry of firo rang liroughoor streets. It was found thut it proceeded Ironi a garret in tho Capitol Houso. Before the en- net arrived Iho firo was extinguished, und no water was thrown by them upon the building. How the tire ginated no one knows. The servants sleeping near made the discovery, and it was extinguished before broko out through tho roof. A few minules Inter and the danger would have been imminent. lEulloon Asrciisioii The I'oiirlh Mr. Kin .net has handed us the following telegraphic patch, from which it appears that Mr. Wise will bo baud in due season, and have overythiug in readiness for the balloon ascension t Lancaster, Pa.. Ma v 2; Sin I am making all necessurv anuiii-ements for tho grand ascent from Columbus on the Fourth of July iu i win uo tu LMiiuuious oy me iweniy-lllll ol June, get imiign ready, ii must no a model ascension. John Wis Fur Uio Uhlo Htsto Journal. Will You lake the ICesiionsilillity ! The following is taken from tho Kentucky New Era. A young inau in Virginia hud become andly intempe rate. Hu wan a man ul great capacity, fascination and power, but he had a passion for brandy which nothing uiiiuLiuiiHx, vnifii in ma mm tin n 11 pi u roiiinnHinL- k with him, but in vain: and as ofien. in turn, would he urge this friend to take the sociul glass in vain. On one occasion, the latter o greed lo yield to him, end as tney warned up tu iho bar together, the bar keepe in : " Gentlemen, what will you have 1" " Wiuo, sir," was the reply. The glasses were tilled, and ihe two friends stood ready lo pledge euch other in renewed, and eternal friendship, wheu he paused and said lu his intemperate inemi : " Now, if I drink this glass nnd become a drunkard 11 you take the responsibility T" Tho drunkard looked at him with severity and said " Set down thai glass,'" It was let down uud the two alked away without saying a word. O, tho drunkard knows the couseiiiieuces ol Hie first Inss. Even tu bis own madness tor minor, ho is not willing to assume tho responsibility ut another's be coming a drunkard. What 11 Hie question wero put to every denier as he asks for his license, and pays his money: "Are you willing to assume the responsibility!' How many would say, it the love ol money did not rule, " Ink back tho license." Reader, you will within ono short tuonth, if you am citizen of Ohio, be culled upon to say by your vote, whether or not thisbimiuoss of niakingdruukardsshall bo conilnued, In thin Ulatc, muloi Minition and by ti thonty of law. The question, then to be decided, is not wheihe Jrutikards shall bo made in Ohio, but whether this commonwealth shall authorize, muamzk, LICENSE tho sale of intoxicating drinks, by which drunkards are made. Men will no doubt continue to do wrong this, as in other tilings, hut shall they hnvu your con sent. A burglar may break your lock aud steal your prop erty, but it would surely bo some satisfaction, in re-Heeling upon your loss , to remember thai you hud pro- led a fork, and turned the koy , and that ynur ninth tuuo could not be attributed to your own negligepc toil havo a ton, n brother, or u beloved fneud li whoso future welfare you fuel a groat solicitude. Some one may entice that friend, brother or son of yours into a grog-shop. That shopkeeper may hold a license sell htm that which shall make him a drunkard, and thut blast tho fund hopes you havo cherished, nnd pierce your soul with ihorus of utiguish. How would yon feol under such circumstances to n llect that ou ll 17th of Juno, 1851, you deliberately voted "License tell intoxicating liijuort, Yes," and thus gave your direct sanction to this desolating business T 1 beseech you to think seriously upon this sub or and iheii answer to your own conscience the question, hich brought the poor drunkard to a stop ; II til you take the responsibility T Tho responsibility, not of making one druukard merely, but of auihoning men all over our great State, for all tune lo come, uudi protection, yes under authority of law to sen mioxi Jiug drinks, and thus induco thousands upou inou sands to becomo drunkards. Aro you willing to lake tho responsibility T If nut, to the polls i vote yos or no, ns suits your views, upon the Constitution itself, but, by all means, nepotic a bal lot which shall sny to all future law-makers in Oh LICENSE TO SELL INTOXICATING LliJiJUKS, NO. 's round. A short distuiice north nf Worlhingtou.on the Flank road, on Monday forenoon, a certificate for forty acres of Bounty Land, issued to Mary Shoemaker, widow o George Shoemaker, deceased, private in Captain Hop kin's Company, Virginia Militia, war 1U12. Tho per son entitled tu it can Have u oy caning ai our umw, aud paying for this notice. WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY "8, 1851. Taxing irnitcd States Stocks. It over a poor devil of a scribbler completely used uimscit up, It is the one who abuses the English Ian guage by signing himself " Truth," in the Statesman. He inquires of us what section of tho United States Constitution is violated by the provision to tax United States stocks. We answer, the Supremo Court of the United States has repeatedly decided lhat all such at tempts are violations of that clause which authorizes them to borrow money. We refer him to the decisions in 2d Peters' Reports 449, 480 ; also, 16th Peters, 35. It Iruth" will read the speech of Mr. Case, which wo published en Monday, he will find himself fully, completely, and triumphantly answered, aud that, too, by one of his own party. Wemustpsjosoa moment to nail a miserable attempt at a dodge on the purt of this " Truth." (T) He calls us a Hitr for saying that the new Constitution taxes the bonds ef the United States. Let us see : The 2d section oPUhe 12th article says Hie Legislature shall pass laws taxing all moneys, credits, investments iu bonds, stock, joint stock companies, or otherwise. If " Truth will toll us whether United States stocks arc stocks or not, tho question can be settled, aud the world will soon see who it the miserable, contemptible " liar," Hut Una veracious "Truth" says there is a differ ence between laxing United Slates stocks, and taxing tho mouey invested in these stocks. Lot us tell him thut no suck difference exists. There is not a particle of truth or a shadow of plausibility or seuse iu the point, and no one but a filth rate pettifogger, who would disgrace a country justice's court, would ever attempt to advance it. What is it that the holder of United States stocks has in his possession T Nothing more than a small pieco of parchment, certifying thut the United States owe the holder thereof a given sum of money. For ihis parchment tho bolder has paid to Government a given sum of money, say ono thousand dollars. Tho only thing the holder bus is the parchment or note, which in commercial phrase is culled "stock." His money is gone. It has been paid by him to Government, the Government has paid it lo divers persons to defray its expenses. This money may now bo iu the vaults of the bunks, or may be iu the hands of fanners, who have received it for their cattle or horses for government uso. Tfio " money invested in stocks " is gouo. It it taxed perhaps in some other person's name, or it is in general circulation. How can it be taxed iu thu bauds of stock holders ? It cannot be done. You muy just as well tux the money that has been paid tor a farm or a horse, or any other article of property, after it has passed out of tho hands of tho buyer, and tax it as the properly of the buyer. That this dodge may bo effectually headed, let us suppose a case. A widow in 1812, is left wilh five thousand dollars in money. She has no other property, nnd is desirous of investing this in a safe fund, where she can got her annual interest without any trouble, and be sure of it. Tho United States are at war wilh Great Brituin, und we want money to carry it uu. We say lu this woman, lend us your money, und we will givo you stocks (or five thousand dollars, with six per cent, interest, payable annually. She thinks our government safe; she lets Us have the $5,Ul)0, and tukes stock lo that amoutit. Upon this she has received $:i()0 por annum regularly. It is her support and depend- inco. But, in 1U50, Locofocoism gets the control ol airs, and determines to tax all stocks. The widow objects, and says, the Supreme Court of the United States has frequently determined that the Stutes have power to do tins. Ixicolbcoism then says, it we anuot tax your stocks, we can tux your money whirh you have invested iu these stocks, and that sum being live thousand dollars, wo shall tux you on it, anil com I you to pay. Now, this is tho idea of taxing money invested in stocks, fully explained and carried out, Aud how does it look? Is there a man wiih a thimble full of b rait s it could be guilty of attempiiug any such argument f Yet "Truth," and men of his calibre can see tho distinction jutt as plain aud easy, we suppose, us the boy w his daddy ! But we havo said enough on this point. We thought proier, however, tu settle tho dispute at once, aud forever. There it no such distinction as hus boen at- mpied to be claimed. It is a mockery, insult, to Ik of it hi earnest As Mr. Case says, it may be Un rated perhaps ns a pointless joke, but lu insist upon as a serious thing, is too absurd anil outrageous to be borne- New York and Due Itailroad. This road is now open from Now York cily to (.mu rk, on Lake Erie, making a continuous road of 4i0 miles in length, aud affording to western travelers thu mrtest aud easiest route to New York cily. The hoto distance is run by tho express trains in I7j ours, and the whole through fare it eight dollars, hich is lest than two cents per mile, and is certuiuly the chenpetft railroad fare iu tho United States. Ilav- ig recently passed over the whole lino, we can bear siimony to the strenuous exertions of tlm worthy resident and Directors to have the mad aud all tho arrangements iu complete order, and to tho politeness and attention of the conductors. By tins route, a trav elor can leave New York city hi the morning at six k, and be iu Columbus the afternoon of the next ny, or in Cincinnati iu the evening. To reach New ork city from hero now requires only 3li hours hich it less than we ever exacted, and about at short as it will be for the present. It is also au easy route to travel, as the night is spent ou Luke Eric af- rding an excellent opportunity for sleep. The view over litis route is ever changing, presenting every variety nf scenery and every phase of oiviliza- Through somenortiotis ot New Jersey, Hie road passes for miles overThe swampy ll iU near llie Fassuic, presenting a prospect ns level, but less attractive man tho sea. A few miles further brings you among the rough portions of south eastern New York, abounding iu lurgu iron works, a short dittauco further aud you see tho beatit ul tanning district ol Orange county, (low ing wilh milk and butter for the city market; and then again you are hurried along through a mountaiimut re gion, whero the railroad, the Dulawaro rivor, and a canal, are for miles alt crowded in between two mountains, whore thoro is scurcely room for either and thus you pass rapidly from the valley of Iho Dela ware to that of tho Susquehanna, and llieuce to Hie sseo, and llieuce to tho Alleghuny, llymg ns Crit tenden said iu his Dunkirk speech, "from mountaiu ton to mountain top, through cultivated fields and lu dial) reservations, over barren rocks aud through pine forests, hy wheat regions and lumber districts, here uud there throwing oti branch roads to the right ami left, meeting tho commerce of a whole country, all hi ouo short day, and late in the evening yuu find yourself un the baiiksul Lake Erie, and fell the strung beatings nf tho pulse ol tho Great West. This route, for speed, safely, variety and beauty ofaceuery, mutt ever be strong competitor with all oilier routes. The McctliiK of tlm Extremes. The recent Convention of Nullitiors, in Charleston passed the following romluliou: " Kesolvcit, 1 hat we hold tho right ot secession m do saenlinlto the sovereignty and freedom el Hie olalel of this Confederacy ; and that thn denial of Hint right, would furnish to un nnured ntale tho sinmgcsi mini tional cause lor its exorcise." Tho Abolition Convention al Syracuse, which ad lourn ed Inst week, not to be outdone by Southern Treason, adopted what follows: " Ketotrea, i hat odious as are ine governing prion pleaol Soiiih CarohtiH, we cannot withhold Irotn to1 llie praise justly tine lo her consistent maintenance of die if rent cHrdimd doctrine of the Held n secession by a single Slate a doctrne vital to lih-'rty, nnd iho only leguard id llio several sovereignties Horn inu lyraun ot a grasping ceutrnlizalion. Hero is food for grave thought. Hero is the m ingot the extremes. Here northern ngnuiors ami on unionists join hands with Southern slave pmpuga'ie ists and mil libera, and propose to unite In the pieusnui and profitable game of destroying llie Union of die States. If Hiero is any thing Hint will open Ibe eyes of ibeso men. il seoms to us that this exhibition w have a strong tendency lo do It. Just look ot tho pic tun) ! Northern nulbtiers trying to destroy the Union because tho South has every thing her own wny. nutl has always ruled the nation. Southern nullitiors engaged in the same work, becnuse Iho North controls the legislation of our government, and because they have so long trampled on ihe rights of the South. Now, it is evident that tn Una case somebody is aauiy mistaken. Truth, in our Judgment, aa tt happens in moat of this class or cases, lies between them. Belli of them am mistaken. Will they be so kind as In read each other' grievances, and determine wlueli is the most humbugged and mistaken t Parodi was lo give her lat concert at New Orleans on the loth intt, when the would loave for Natch, Mississippi. The Debates or the Constitutional Convention.We are happy to announce that wehave finished the huge volume of debates of the Convention, and that we are ready to supply the public with copies thereof. It is a huge document, weighing tix pounds. It contains an ample index, a table of names, occupation, address, ifeo., of the members j a copy of the present constitution, a copy of Iho ordinance of 1787, aud a large copperplate engraving of the Convention Chamber, show-the seat of each member, Sec. The book is well bound, and can be furnished in one or two volumes os muy be desired. As the ork is official it may bo depended upon for accuracy aud completeness. Orders respectfully solicited. t5pWe thank our friend for calling public attention to the clause in the new constitution upon which he has founded his remarks. We do not remember of reading any exposition of that section, and, as bis criticism is fair and candid, it is eminently worthy of pub lic attention. If, as he suggests, this clause prevents the levying of any taxes fur roads, bridges, &c., then aro tho peoplo deprived of a very great advantage. .Let there be discussion and investigation, and if this is the effect we know ol thousands who will never con sent to tio up their own bauds in this way. Vast goad has resulted from tho exercise of this right, aud vast evil would follow its loss : For the Ohio Bute Journal. Mr. Editor : I am not aware that the followiusclause iu the new constitution has been com roc u ted upon by the press, although it seems to me worthy the serious attention of the public: " Tho commissioners of counties, the trustees of townships, aud similar boards, shall have such power of local taxation tor police purposes as may be provided by law." Arl. 10, sec. 7. What is the meaning of this section ? It seems clear enough that thu object is to limit the power of taxatiou by these local authorities. Fur what purposes' may taxes be assessed under tint limitation I It will be seen that this depends uon the definition of the word police, because taxes cannot be authorized for any other than police purposes. In ono sense, this word signifies the governmentand the administration of tho laws of a city or town. In a legal sense Hie term would enhance the execution of the laws oi a State or nntiou Hie promotion of domestic order, and such regulations as aro necessary for the health and safety of society. It is probnble the friends of the proposed constitution understand the word iu this legal sense. The Legislature will therefore be authorized to confer upon those local authorities tho power to levy taxes for tho erection of court bouses, iails. hospitals. poor houses, &.C., and to defray the expenses incident to the execution of the luws. But I cannot see how, ider this section, taxes can be levied to construct roads or bridges, whether they belong to the pubiio or to corporations. II the construction ot a public highway or bridge be authorized as the exercise of the po- lice power, it is difficult to comprehend why the construction of a steam ferry, a turnpike a railroad, or even a canal, is not also authorized, provided the improve ment nemugs tu me puniic. The majority of the Convention were advocates of tho doctrine that taxes should be imposed for no other purpose than to defray the expenses of making and administering tho lasvs that all improvements should be left to individual or private enterprise. The power of the Legislature to impose laxos has been limited to those purposes. But rearing lhat tho people ot counties and townships might be inclined, through their commissioners anil trustees, to spend some of their own money in the construction ot highwaysand bridges, the Convention has made provision that uo taxes shall be levied except lor " police purposes! 1 prefer, (though it nerds some amendments,) tho OhO CONSTITUTION. IK-Iayed. Yesterday when the train reached the Worth ington (ution, it whs found lhat ibe pump which fed the boil er was uut of ordor and did not work- A delay uf six hours was the result. The passengers amused themselves by strolling over the country, round about. Those who failed to dino at our depot, got hungry and made a descent on all the neighboring farm bouses, nnd literally eat every thing thut was tube had for love or money. Four hundred strangers was rather more than they hud made arrangements for. The train finally got under way about five o'clock, P. M. Iu consequence of the delay ol the express train to Cleveland, yesterday, the cars from there did not at re in this cily till 3 o'clock this morning. 1 he prompt arrival ut the express irom uinciunaii. inis morning, tows llmt all things are right again. The Lor ii Ms are Here. We have been informed by several gentlemen that the Locusts are beginning to appear quite abundantly this county. We infer from this, that, seventeen 'orsugo, they abounded hereabouts. The editor of the Statesman is gelling alarmed at the prosccts on the uew Constitution question. After using his utmost endeavors to make it a partisan instrn. meat, ami a partizan question, he finds that the prospects are not as brilliant at he hoped. He hat finally arrived at iho conclusion that quite a number oi vvnigt really have serious objections to being disfranchised, and do not relish ibe idea of having all the public improvements of the State stopped just at preseut. The Scioto iazette.in commenting on the Statesman's remarks about Mr. Hayden's extensive manufacturing establishments and the idea that no " protection to American industry " is uecessary, insinuates that other manu facturers could gel along perhaps without protection, if they had extensive contracts for penitentiary hands, at thirty cents per day. Should not wonder if they inuld. All this however does not abale the credit due Mr. Huydett for his energy and skill as a practical business man. Frost. The True Democrat, of yesterday, saya the frost on Friday night injured the fruit in Chardon and Humtlen. Its ellerl were not generally felt, howev or, in the lake ivgionj Tho express train started from our depot yesterday. with about lour hundred passengers. There were two hundred through passengers from Cincinnati. This is an accession to former numbers. To-duy, ninety through passengers oaine from Gin- einnatt. About two h uud red sinneu imm oiumoiis to Cleveland. The Cuban pat riot t (T) aro disbanding and going home. This is the moat sensible step tliey have yet taken. Another sensible thing will be, to stay then. Oregon Items. We have before us three numbers of the Oregou Spectator, published at Oregon City, via t March 20, 27, and April 3. Wo gather from them the following items of news: Samuel Gav. a native of Ireland, was killed hy the filling of a tree at Oswego, on the Hth of March. He has a brother living in New York, and another in Illi nois. The Wilhimeiio. a steamboat, Iwloug'ing to How land id Aspiuwiill, and destined for tho Columbia aud Willamette rivers, hns arrived at Astoria, having come hither from New York by means of tail. She is to be put together and lilted up immediately and placed iu auinectioii wiiu tuo line. A lurgu number of citisens were about leaviug for Klamath mines in Ca!ifrma. Tho editor thinks they will get sick of thoir trip, and will soon be back. They are subject to excitement at the recital of "big gold stories, as well as their brethren further east. Mr. Ferguson, an agent of the Post OfHce Department, had arrived in Oregon, fur Hie purpose of establishing number nf now mail mutes. Much benetit was ex pected from his operations. Coal of gixxl quality, ami in abundance, is found iu dillerent parts of Oregon. The high price of labor and transportation check the business now, but time will bring i out in nbuudanru, , Aaron K. Wait publishes a long communication in answer to certain attacks that he says were made upon him by Mr. Thurston, their delegate in Congress. It Is about u sharp ami savage as similar vegetable are that grow farther east. Not knowing, the merits of the quarrel, we have nothing more to say about it. At a public meeting in Yamhill county, Gen. Joseph Lane wns unanimously nominated for delegate to Con gress. Teinp 'rnnce uieeiiiiga are held in various places ia the territory. Dr. John McLaughlin luw consented to run for May or of Oregou City. Hi election Is considered certain. The steamer Gold Hunter has changed owner and has been plared in a nw trade. Her running between Portland ami Sau Fraucitco is said lo have ueon attend ed wilh more expense than profit. The "Oregon Insliinle," a litorary institution, ( J commencing iin lirat term. The Willamette River was quits high, iron the effect ot abundant raim.

'4 $ ' ' ' VOLUME XLI. COLUMBUS, OHIO, TUESDAY, JUNE 3, 1851. NUMBER 40 PUBLISHED EVERY TUB HDA V MUltNl N(l BY MCOTT Si BAHCOM OFFIOK SOUTH-BAST OOSNB1 OF H Kill ST. AND BL'OAB ALLSV. TERMH Invnrlubly In advance. Weekly poruinaoi In Columbus Out of the city i by mull, sinijlo Tonhibsot lour and upwards Ta 'libs of ten and upwards, to tine undress Daily, sen Ion Trl-Weokly, do Weekly do.t ninffla To clubs of five and upwards .. 1 so .. i aa .. l ou .. a oo .. l oo so .. 40 The Journal li alio published Didly and Tri-Weekly during thn year; uwiy pur auuuiu, oy man, u ; in-nuuKiy, . It n if nf A HvAitfulnir WnrkW Pnuer. One square, lulluea or lea, one insertion ...ft' SO " " aarh additional " 0 " " " 1 month 1 S ti tt g i i 3 3 Ml h ii fl 5 00 ia b oo " " changeable monthly, ner annum T weoklv " " iM'W landing card, one squarn or 1pm, 8 00 .IS 00 fiO (X) 100 1)0 'A column, changeable quarterly,' OthereaieiDotprovldedfor, chargeable fnconformity with tho BDore ratci. AlllonnYd advertisements tobeuhiirgednotlosstfinn doublrthn above rates, and measured aa it solid. Advertiiemnntaon thotnatdeaxrlualvMy.to be charged atthe rate of 50 per cent, in advance on the above raws. MONDAY EVENING, MAY 26, 1851. Shooting the Doiihters. If any body doubts that (ho now Constitution wns nnulo for a partizan instrument, and that the leaders a I' that party aro determined to mako it a partizan question, let them wutch the course of the papers which are under tlioir control. Tliey are iutolornut and lavage against every man of their party who for a moment doubts the entire wisdom of this instrument. For instance, the Hon. Isaac Farrish, of Morgan county, who has represented that district in Congress, ami who iu 1839-40 represented tho Belmont district in Congress, at a Democrat, has seen fit to express himself in opposition to the new Constitution, Ho 1ms debated the subject with Col Hawkins, of the Convention. Thereupon the Cincinnati Enquirer pounces down upon Par-rish almott as hard as he did on Hawkins lust winter. Hera is the document: "After a painful, laborious, and profitless journey, the " Honorable Isaac Parrisii " has reached home again, tho bottom of Whiggery, which ho left n few years ago on a venal trip to the Democracy alter nllice. He is one of the most trilling, vasci I luting and morally and politically rotten creatures that ever got into a respectable place in Ohio, He ia now back where ho always belonged. We congratulate Whiggery on their returned prodigal. We congratulate the friends of the new Constitution on the opposition llu-y will meet with iu inch a petty driveller." It is proper to say that Mr. Parrisii has not deserted tho Locofoco putty. If we felt disposed, we could stuto some things about the connexion of Mr. I'arrisii with u certain paper at Washington City, that blow up uuderthe charge of one of the editors of the Enquirer, that would show that ho hud confidence in him, atone time, at least. But as it is a family quarrel, we will let them fight it out. To us this attack looks a little tin grateful. It will fail, however, in convicting Parrieh. Absence of mind. The Statesman was so outrageously mud because we culled attention, a fow days sirce, to its attack upon those who postponed tho Young Men's Convention- more properly, a Convention of thoso who turn grind tone for the party I hat wo did not expect it to become satio for several days, and therefore, didn't wish to increase its malady by calling its attention lo the irritating theme in other words, to its " peculiar institution." It abused us roundly, called hard names, insisted upon it the Convention was postponed by persona who had a right to do it; but it wholly forgot to explain icky it copied with approbation tho attacks made upon thoso who postponed the Convention ! Why it copied and commended the charge thut ihey are "pertain of easy virtue; pursnns who " hang on " to the party ; person who use " tmooth-tounding tcordt " at the expense nf principle! W hy it gave aa much weight as possible to those charges, by adding its own opinion that the postponement was improper I There Is no objection to tho Statesman getting as mad as possible, raving like a maniac, or anything ot that sort, but the question will nevertheless be hkoly to recur why publish that attack upon those who postponed the Con vention 1 Its abuse will not amount to much till that is answered, California Items. By the last arrival we got a new supply of paper, from which wo propose to pick out such items as are of iulerest. The Sacramento Daily Union says that good trappers can make a fortune in catching otters on thn stream between that city aud San Joaquin. A largo and liiie specimen of gold bearing quartz, weighing 480 pounds, was exhibiting at San Francisco-The owner refused $800 for it, intending to send it to his friends in tho States. They continue to tell large stories about tho gold rocks of that country. The minors on tho middle- fork of American river were doing well. The river was high but tho dry diggings yielded finely. Win. O. Bobhett, nf Morgan county, Illinois, was found murdered near Fort John, on Dry creek. He had money, and was on his return to hi home. Farming prosjfecis are decidedly good in California. The high price which everything in the lino of enables brings has induced numbers to turn attention l the business. Their success it regarded as certain. Bear river is regarded as one of the beat points for diggings in California. Ho says the Sacramento Union. Mr. Stark, a theatrical star, look a benefit at Surra- mento City on the fall April. Theatricals are up iu Cal ifornia. Suspended. Mr. C. Waggoner, having associated himself with Senator Bill in the publication of thu " Sandusky Reg ister," it taking the place of tho Sanduskian, and having failed to dispose of the Milan Tribune, announce that that paper will be discontinued from this date, and the subscribers will be supplied with the Register in its stead. Messrs. Bill & Waggoner issue their first number of the Register, at Sandusky City, o-duy. They can hardly tail nf success. E7Tho Sandusky Clarion, in commenting on the notice of tho statement of Messrs. Birchurd and But k-luud about the Sandusky railroad bonds, is inclined to censure us for going, ns it claims, a Utile too far ii our remarks. Peril u so. But these men, who thu Clarion admits, are highly respectable, thought so great injustice hud been done as to require them toreC' tify It over their own names. We published their statement, aud we made no other remarks than suggest- ed themselves to our mind iu view of tho ex peso of the fraud. Wo can assure thu Clarion, and all persons concern ed, that we have no feeling in this business. Wo do nut care which of the railroads prevail. We don't own any town lots in northern Ohio, and havo no railroad p stock lo bo effected thereby. Wo published the des patch merely ai an item of news, und we published tho communication of Burchard and Bucklatid matter of justice to those who had been misrepresent ed and injured, without our knowing It, in nur col uinus. We repudiate all idea or iutontion of taking sides in this controversy. If our canting and would bo sovero and sharp friends of the Clarion, could say as much, porhaps this paragraph would havo remained unwritten. II the scribbler who signs himself "Truth" iu the Statesman, expects any body to believe wliut he may ay, he must stick closer to the truth. If he wishes to convoy the idea that the wings in the Convention vo ted against the decision of Hamilton county into sepa rate districts, aud that they did not from the Ii rat favor 111 formation of separate districts, then he is not on! an utterer of the falsehood, but foolishly, ridiculous! to. Every body kuowt it is false, " TnttK " knowt it it false. And General Green did not muke tho motion he pretends. CT'Mrt. Bushmill, the celebrated phreimhigist uud ilairvoyant, it now in the city and will remain during the week. She hat roomt at the Capitol Houso, am persons who are curious in these matters, and who d aire to consult her about d i sea ses, will find her the at all hours between 0 A. M. aud 5 1'. M. We have received from ftleasnn & Co. a beuutifu sheet, entitled Jenny Lind, printed tu bronxo, and pre tenting a very rich and beautiful appearance. T portrait looks about as much like Jenny Lind as it di like the rest ol mankind. The ' Carpet Bag," a new aud humorous paper, pub halted tn nu .lyle, at Boston, can be had at Treten: der's new depot. It cUtimt to be the special organ of Mrs. rsrungton. The Approaching Revolution. The signs of the limes aro not to be mistuken. XV are now on the era of a greataud radical change ill the style of Female dress. Wo may laugh at it, sneer at it, ridicule it, do what we will, proper or improper, mid yot it will come! And whyT Because every physi cian, every man who is acquainted with anatomy aud physiology is aware that the present mode of female dress is very injurious to the human frame, and that a regard to health and comfort all require a reform. A man secured considerable fame and credit for. sharpness by saying that ho was in favor of the next war. Wo register one numo that it in favor of thin coining revolution. Already it hut reached Ohio. The Uevelund Herald of Thursday last, says; An improvement iu female dress was broached at t lie bust, a lew daring ones attempted it, and ttii mans looked on, admired, and wished to do likewise, but feared ridiculo. In the west, n chosen few udopted the now stjle; and yesterday, upon the pave of the roresi ony two young ladies ot luirest reputation ana attractions donned tho new cuslomo. und though the " observed of all observers," made their afternoon pro menade. Their dress was elegant und bountiful. Skirts rouch-nig to tho knee, and luose trowsers of white. Tho long, unseemly dress and dozen skirts which "sweep the crossing "as they pass, were wanting, but in thoir place was a costunio equally modest and u thousand times IHUO 1IIJY. io sticklers lor time honored things, perhaps even in your day too Jnsuionablo, back-heating, some -de stroying tlylo of dresB may pass away, and Ire replaced with one that shall be more graceful ami equally modest, while it iu no way intorleios with tho devel opment anu iieuituy action oi Uio system. To show tho progress and stuto of the reform, wo copy the following from tho press in dilVereiit portions ol tho Union : Tho New C'oNtiinie How It Taken In llio Hum! UlNtrletM. Tho Kenosha (Wis.) Ttdeijrnpli says: There is no reform winch is correct iu theory, which cannot find some independent spirit in Kenosha, to reduce to practice. On Wednesday afternoon two of the wives of air must respeetuhlu citizens uppeared in tho short lresses and pants. The fashion on tho whole is ap- Iiropnato, uud bus seine show of common souso to lack it. If uuvihinc. Hie frocks are u little too Ion and the pants a little too full. Wo admire tho inde pendence ol tho ladies who duro to do us tliey please what business is it to tho carping and carkiug crowd, if the ladies of this city are tired of usina their dressed o sween the crossiiiL's and sidewalks T The ladies of Milwaukee. Hncine. uud EairlevUlc. can now set their dresses mude and come here uud wear them, till tliey got used to them, and our ludies will return wilh you, and assist in breaking up tho mock modesty of your heri-hussied villages. The fact is, "it's u go," and it win not he long before the novelty ceases to attract nt- euiiou. Tho (ietiuvu (ia.ette hat tho following : Uav belore veslerdav it was our urivileL'o to witness the appearance of some of tho ladies nf our village in the improved mode of dress, viz: with short dresses and Turkish puutatonnH. This uovel nppearanco wns reeled ly mime Willi undisguised nin th. Hy others tlh ridicule, manifestly impolite and indicative of the xtent of their good sense. But most regarded it with 'ci ueu approval. Yesterday morniiiif, ulo, wo understood they were worn by soino ladies taking a moi uing walk. Wo I hope that this may bo the beginning of a sjeedy nnd I general introduction ot an improvement so desirable o might enumerate the advantages attending such au iproveinout iu personal attire, but they are so obvious at Ihey must commend themselves to the good judg- L'ni ol me ludies ol denevu, as they havo aliemly ne to thoso of Seneea Falls. Syracuse uud other laces. The SprineReld Republican savt that several of the new dresses lor ladies, consisting of the tdmrt dress nnd trowi-ers, uppeared iu the streets ol tint town on Hutur- Another ol our exchanges, the name of which wo live forgotten, speuks us follows: The new costume tho short skirts and Turkish trowsers have "come totown." If all stories aro true re was an "nnoenrunce" in tho full style iu this lace, not two days since, and numerous suits of tho new ciiBtume have actually been ordered at our most shionnhio drossmakors shops, and will be out in a w days. Those who intend to follow tho fashion, must go and do likewise. 1 lie dress lias become loo common hero to attract much attention, and all agree to its neatness, and the improved appearance of lue wearer. Syracuse Journal. Altogether, this costume, call it (ireciau, or Turkish, what you will, is femininely graceful, convenient, ly, and in harmony with the laws of health and, if litness is the chief element of beauty," tho most beau-ul that our ladies over wore. Syracuse Standard. told muids talk uyaind them, cynical editors sneer, nd rude boys and bit:, dirty corner loafers abuse them, but short dresses nnd Turkish trowsers will eveutuully onto in vogue, 1ie mono prejudice that exists against liem, was once brought to bear against whito hats nnd low kids; but thoso articles have triumphed, and hose who once decried then,, are now their constant I wrers. Albany Knickerbocker. tVit have not had the pleasure of seeing a specimen tt.e Indies' "frock und trousers," but wo freely con- less the change strikes us very favorably, and us wo onsider Hih ladies of our goodly city quite up to the mark in nny good cause that pertains to them, wo shall iniueiitiy rp'i;i iu do griiiiiieu m a irw uuym wiiu u cm at " the new style." in many placet the mess u received with approval aud admiration, while from no quarter do we boar a reason given lor continuing the preseut inconvenient nnd often inelegunt stylo of ladies' garments. The only weapon attempted to be used in ppomtiou to tho innovation, it ridicule n weupou nte as elhcti'ut in a hud cause us a good one, ami more frequently used. Troy pott. For tho hlo KtHlo Juurnsl. lie notion of the Whiff Stale entnil roiiimitlee, Ac. fNo. il l " Truth," in his second article, seems much puzzled understand the objection of tho Committee in regard the attack ou the Stuto credit, am) says it it aimed against tho chapter on Slate debts." Now, iu this, io is utterly timtukeii; tho address had not this sub- ct iu contemplation, and, thereloro, all bis surmises m this point lull to tho ground. It is to the attempt to lax Stnto and United States storks, covert it is called because, on Saturday, March 8th, near the the closo of io session of tho Convention, ou report of Mr. Saw- r, tho language of the section on tint subject was changed from " Male and United States stocks ' to tocks, to as to admit of a double construction, as Mr. Mitchell charged in bis at tuck on Mr. Sawyer for de serting the Democratic party. "Truth" says it cannot io determined what State bonds aro exempt by law, aud what not, but a reference to the law of 1 805 pledg ing the faith of the State in this mutter, tho law of 1839 and llio law of 18j0 referring to the several ads amendatory lo tho net of lSJ.I, will show that near l,l)0l),0i0 of the stocks of tho Stuto wore thus ex in p ted, and for Ihe obvious reason, that the bonds, in consequence ol this provison, were soul in tome co at H hr cent, premium, ns will tocii by tho speech if Mr. Perkins in Convention, ou Dee. 17th, tn which tho statistics aro collected from official authority. Truth" is again at lautt if ho means that all Dema nds approve of this violation of the plighted faith ol tho Stuto. In his speech, Dec. l(i, Judge Holt, a radi- ul, holds (ho following language: "I said then, sir' in 185, at a member of thu General Assembly, that would not tax these stin ks, nor do any act to impair their value. What I suid then, I say note. What promised I mean to muonx. And as the promise wut made in behalf of my constituent, I mean Ihey lml 1 perform it. Sir, I have not consulted my constit uents, not a man ol them upon tin question. But I d not believe any considerable portion of them wouh require mo to voto for taxing that purlieu of tho State stocks, which were created and issued under a rLxnox that they should not bo taxed. Nay, sir, I do not be lieve they would even justify me in giving such vote." Mr. Case, ol l.icktng, whose letters on tho new con stitution havo been paraded recently in Ihe Statesman, it certainly good Authority, and ho uses infinitely stronger language than tho Committee s address, warning his party not to fix the stain of Ki:runiATioN on (ha fair escutcheon of Ohio, aud against tho futi attempt to lux United Stales Slocks in tho teeth of ll reH'pted decisions of llio Supremo Court, that it was violation of the clause of ihe constitution of tho Unite States conferring on Congress tho power "to borrow money." "Truth" it referred to ihe decisions iu the cases cited in this speech, ttartieulurly Weston at al. vs. City ol Charleston Peters. 4 liMHO (he la( Dobbins vs. Commissioners of Erie, in Error, Hi IN delivered at late as 181?, by Judge Wayne, i mncrut, as the mouth piece of a democratic court. The argument of this speech so completely sustains tl second objection of the Committee, lhat we quota it some length, nnd call ou every honest man to read and then tuy, if an instrument that thus flagrantly vio late! the constitution of the United States, and th State rum for tho purpose of driving out of tho hand of our cilixent the basis of some of our banking insti tuliunt, so us to carry out the design of tho hard money men by indirect means, after they were defeated on tho open inue, should b sustained. Banks should b taxed as other property, not mote, merely to gratify the malignity oi a disappointed taction, Mr. CASE, of Licking said: Tho question now be fore ns ia not upon the passage ol a mere temporary law of the Legislature which may bo passed ut one session, -uo ii luuud inconsistent with tho constitution, unwise, impracticable, or opposed to the will of the people, repealed at the next. But ou tho contrary, we propose to place a provision in the fundamental, organ ic mw mi uio oiuie, which gives uiiiu uuu power lo me legislative authority itself, to endure for many years, and which cannot be changed with tho facility of a mere legislative enactment. Wo propose to do this, and yet if this provision should bo found contrary to the constitution of tho United States if it coullicts with that which is declared tho paramount law of the land it is liable to be considered aud pronounced a iniuuy, a uonu lenur, io aiuuu oniy as a PKnPKTUAi. testimony of tho folly oi thoso who originated it. Therefore it is of more importance tlmu a mere act of the Gen eral Assembly, which may, when found unwise or u- constitl'tionaL, no expunged and swept Irotn our stat ute books. Tho first proposition presented by the section now before the committee is to tux the stocks of tho United States, holden by citizens of Ohio. mr. mcuuicvuurt. i nut ia not tho (mention Mr. CASE. The L'outleuiau insists this is not a true statement ol the question. Well, what is a true state ment? It is this, I suppose: Wo are not to tux the bonds themholves, for it is by nil admitted that that cannot no done, but the vuhio of the bonus llio money they represent the money invested, in them, and liie interest deriveil I'mm them. Nuw. I mn liiiiililo lo draw any distinction between a tux upon tho bonds iiieinseivea uud a lux upon the investments mere in, or upon the interest derived therefrom it is too much like loo distinction between Iwedtlledoui nnd tweedledi To tax Ihe one or the other is, iu erivcl. the sumo Tho result is the Maine. If one is wroii)'. tho other it so for it is un indisputable principle ol law lhat wo have no right to do that by indirect means winch wo may not do directly. lain aware that strenuous attomnta have been thus made to sophisticate Ihis question, but it io in vum. i uero is no soiiu, no substantial distinction no reason in it no sense no luw. There is no right to lax the money uo right to tux tho stocks no right to tux tho interest. Thu reason against tho one is tho sumo as ugainst theother. uud m nil the cases both reason mid law uro conclusively against tho right. What was the reusou given by the Supremo Court of tho United States for not allowing luxation, bv the Stutes, of the bonds, &c, of tho general government T In tho case ot McCullough vs. the Stute of Maryland, lth Wheuton's Reports, Chief Justice Marshall, in de livering tho opinion of the Court, said : ' 1 ho States havo no uower bv laxutiou or otherwise to retard, impede, burthen or iu any manner control the operations ot the constitutional laws enacted by Congress to carry into execuiioii tho powers vested iu tho general government." Again, the same great Judge, in giving tho opinion of the Court iu thu case of Weston and others, vs. tho ity ot Charleston, 2nd Peters' Reports, says: " Tho Amoi icau people havo conferred upon their government the power ol borrowing money, and by making that government supreme have hhiolded its action in tho exercise of this power from tho action of tho local governments. The grunt of tho power is in- 'ompniiblo wilh a restraining or controlliiiL' power: he right to tux the contract to any extent, when made. must operate upon tho power to burrow before it is exorcised uud have a sensible influence on Hie contract. The extent of this inlluenco depend mi ihe will of a district government. To any extent, howowr, incon- nueiiiuiu, u in u nimiiou on me opcruiious oi too gov- rument. It may bo carried to au extent which hhall est ihcut." havo thus given the laliguago of the Court on this iject, because it is more expressive than any which mysellciin command. Iho geuilomuii from Trum-nil Mr. Kannky assumed, in bis remark unon tho case- in iind Peters Reports, that it was by a majority tho court, considered a case of a tux on Iho bond it- If, that it was decided to be unconstitutional upon ut ground, and that lhat decision does not cover ihe soot question. In that lie ih mistukou. It is Iruo lUt.ludgoThonipaoii, iu delivering his dissenting opin io, did assume the lax to bo an income tux. and ns such, in his opinion, unobjectionable iu view of the constitution ol tho United States. But the opinion of a iijority of thu court, us delivered by Chief Justice Marshall, covers tho whole ground nnd lays down the au pnneipio thai whether ihe tax he upon the bond upon tho income of (he bond, makes no dilh retico. ledoctriuo laid down, in its broadest, fullest, nnd st comprchotiftivn sense, is, 1 lint tho Stnto hud no' wer to lax n contract ol the general umcuiuu-ni, on- r uuy pretence or lor any puriMiso whatsoever. This derision has never been doubled controverted or lied iu question, judicially or otherwise, to toy nnwledge; but, on tho contrary, it ban been referred i as authority by the same court, in loth Peters, in the case of Dobbins vs. Erie county, uud that court bus or been teuiirinus of questions once solemnly settled turn high tribunal. l.huvu no doubt upon the abstract question dlvest- il of nil questions of conflict belweeii tho State und nend governments, nnd nil pledges made and con- racis entered into bv the State of tho right of ihe St te to tux, in general, moneys invested iu stocks, ns II as moneys otherwise invested, llut tho question ro presented Is not diverted of these dilliculties, nor can ilieso ditliniltios bo surmounted bv treating this inquisition as n tax on income in government invest ments. Uthcrwixe, why may we not tut the olltcors Iho general government residing within this State. poii their ollicial ineomr f The Post in niter of tliiscity mis nn important ami lucrative oince, ihe emoluments which aro very considerable. Ho has a largo in- ome. hy not iny a tax on it f i Mr. RP.tr.MEI.lN believed it hud been done, mid is the practice in Virginia. Air. CASK. 1 tint cunuot be. 1 he cum- in 1 Ct li Pern is directly against it. That was iho precise nues- ion there mooted and decided by the nine judges of bat Court. Mr. Chairman ; when wo took our seats iu this body we took a solemn uaHi to support the constitution of io United Status. Wo assumed uu obligation not on ly to tlo nothing hostile to that constitution, but to su it-port it. Wo uro bouuil no less by our duties as citizens than by our oaths ns members of this body to sup port it. Are wo discharging these ohligatiqiiM to the government, created by that instrument, when wo are contriving menus to embarrns its operations when, iu fact, wo are making a direct attack upon its sovereign ' r when we are promising to arm this state with the iwer to slab it in a vital part 1 Let us piitise let us 'tlert belore wo ttiko ihis step above all things let us pause at this particular juncture in our national affairs, when the Union is menaced with civil discord. Now, sir, let us look a moment at the position iu hich the Supremo Court of thu United States, iu liiih 'eters, already referred to, 1ms placed the power ol a Stuto to raise a tux oti tho income of the officers of the got neral government. The State ol Pennsylvania, somi ears ago, passed a law levying a tax upon the income i lawyers, physicians, Ac., us wen as all oiiicers mid msts of nrolit. The plaiiitill au olliror of (he U. S., was master of tho Revenue Culler upon Luke Erie, ro lling at hnc in remisvlvamu under the luw ol lhat into llio not income ol his othre was rated at live hum red dollars yearly and the tax thereon amounted li some eight or ten dollars. It was resisted, and after ting through tho courts ot the Stalo, came at Inst, lor nal ail judication to llio Supreme Court of tho Union hero the law was holden to ho uuconsiituttnnul -that tnx iiTMtn tho income of the nllicerH of tho general gov- riitueiit wan nn nlt.irk imuli its aiiveretL'litv. nlleeimir iiaaiiiliiy io curry iisown mwa iuio uxecuuon. minia cose tho distinction made by iho gentlemen from Knox and Irutiihnii between n tax upon me proceeds or in line, aud n tnx upon the Hung itsell, was not lo- coguized. There- was no such disiiuctiou umdo. It wniindmiltcd to be au income tux, nnd decided upon thut cmund. Judge Wayne, who delivered the opin ion of tho court, pronouncing the law of Pennsylvania unconstitutional, speaking ol llio nature o that law, said : Tho law is, that nn account shall bo taken of all of fices mid posts of profit. The next section makes it the duty of iho nssossor to rato the Maine, having due regard to iho profits arising therefrom." " The emolu ments of the ollicu theii.uiid not llioollice, aretaxahle.' Tho tax is to bo levied upon a valuation of thu in come ul the otlico. Such was the unanimous and omphalic lungmigo of the court. To what absurd conclusions, Mr. Chairman, would a ontrarv doctrine lead us I Ohio might lay a lax ol suy five per cent.; Pennsylvania leu : Virginia filteen ; each would have a different rule, and what would he thu irresistnhie conclusion ! All equality in the salane of ollico would bo destroyed mid Iho powers of tho government would uu proslrutid. the Judge says iu onclusion: " Does not n tnx by the Stuto upon the ollice. dimin ishing the recompense, conlhct with tho law ot the United States, which scrim's to the olheer Us ontir ssl It certainly has such nnelloet, unit cannot there fore be constitutional." This derision was unanimous tho whole bench ot fudges, including Judge Thompson, who delivered the ilisseiitiuir opinion in 'Jud Peters, upon which gentle men have Imsed their arguments that income, ns routrmlislinguiahcd from thu source of it, could be tax ed. " " II Hie question is a doiitxiui one, thai ot itself is a snllieieut reason why it should not go into tho organic law nf the land. If, alter a conllict, it shall bo decided against us, we shall have recorded ill thin constitution, which we are about to form, nn inscription to our ktkh m ai, tiuMX and contusion. Thoro is also, in tho section under consideration, a do provision to tnx the stocks ot the Stnto of Ohio, now iu tho hands of our citizens. Most of those stocks wero issued under statutes more guarded than I htid supposed would at lhat lime havo been thought of or deemed necessary ; and if the (ioncral Assembly nf dint day had foreseen what is hero proposed, itcutild not by any lan guage have mora effectually guarded against it. It provided lhat neither tho stock or the interest thereon lioutd ever ho taxed, or the value in any respect impair- ed bv anv legislative act, 1 know of no lanuungu lhat can be stronger. That there may be no niisiuke about iu force and import. I will mad from the statute itself, Swan's Revised Statutes, page 747. " And the faith ul the State ia hereby puuuep, that wo tax sh:ill ever be levied by llie Legislature, or under the authority of this State, tu the stock to be created by virtue ut this act, nor ou the interest that may bo payable thereon; and further, that the value of said lock thall be in no wise inquired by any legislative net of this Slate." , ' Yot strange as it may appear, in the face of such guarded language in the face of such emphatic pr.KDO-E3 of the puui.io faith of the State, it is here deliber ately proposed to violate that sacred pledge, and turn round, aller we have received the mono v. and tnx such stocks, Tho nroiHisttion is a bold one. I can.howev- over, imagine one bolder, for which wo have an example in the Slate of Mississippi that is, kki'udiatk the wholo coniract: thut would only he doinu. un a lame scale, what is proposed to be done ou u very small one. But we aro told that a Stale lma mt the nower to barter away, for any consideration, this attribute of sovereignty the right of taxation. This question has also cumo before the Supreme Court of the Ifuited Stutes, and has been decided otherwise. The case is reported lti 7Lh Crunch. Tho fuels aro at follows: There wns, in tho State of Now Jersey, a remnant of a tribe of Delaware Judiuns. that hod elnhn tn n consid erable tract of territory, the boundaries of which wore not exactly defined. Tho Legislature of New Jersey proposed io purchase this claim, and to givo them, in exchange, a tract, with tho boundaries defined, which should be forever exempt from taxation. The transfer took'place under the terms nrnnosed. The Indiansaf- lerwurds sold these lands. The General Assemby of Now Jersey repenlml thn funrcreatiiig .the ono.rt..-i, and imposed a tux upon thuin. The case went to the Supremo Court, whero it wns holden thut the State having niHdo a contract, and upon a consideration, covenanted not to tax, was bound by the agreement. Tho law imposing tho tux was thorefbre unconstitutional and Void. Such Wiih tlm nnnninmos noinion nf the Court. Yet, in the very teeth of this decision, gentlemen propose to introduce into this constitution au injunction upon the Legislature to tax tho bods of the Stnto, nnd that too, in spite of tho must emphatic pledges and covenants thut such a thing should never be done. Now, I call such an net rkpuhiatiom. Admitting thut the law in unwise and unfortunate, ami thut tho Legislature of 1S-J5, in making it, exceed- d its powers, which 1 admit inn fairnueslion for argu ment, is it honest is it honorable to repudiate 1 Does any one hero desire thut the fa i ill of the State of Ohio shall statu! beside thut of Mississippi! And yet the cases are tho same, except that in our case, wo have not as yot consummated the doed. I for one, Mr. Chairman, am unwilliugto stand upon this aide of tho house, and as a member vl' the Democrat- auty, lo bear tho imputation ol i-ractical repu diation. In tunes past tho charge has been made against us that wo are agrarians aud reptid inters of the faith of tho Stato. 1 have always denied tho truth of any such charge. I cannot bring myself to acknowledge it, even uow. That wo should enter upon such a work, is unworthy us of the limes of ihe condition of tho Stute, which, nmid the fiiithless, bus over faithful been; that we should be willing to do it upoti a small scale, is most unworthy. It is adding meanness to ms-honesty. Good aft it u in a Stato is like eood faith in an individual; without it, in either, there is no credit, no ciiaractkr, no stanimno. The pool has not placed loo high a value on honesty when he says: " Lord, who's the mnn thut ntinTl tn thst blest cnurt repair f not airauger into In visit tlirm, but to inhiiuit uru. Wlin to lift pUpated vows and trust has ever (Irmly stood, And thoufth he promise to In loas, he innkes his promise, good." And ol Ohio I trust it may be said : Hlin to her nllffhted vows and trust hns ever flrmlv utonil. And though she promise to her luis, she'll mnko her promise Mr. Chairman, I was disposed when ihis discussion commonred to look upon the proposition as more than nun a jokk ns a sort ol scheme tn practice upon Iho nerves of gentlemen upon the other side; hut 1 find it regarded as a serious matter. Mr. UANNEY nsstired the gentleman from Liekhur that he was serious in it. Mr. MITCH ELL said he wns serious. Mr. CASE thought this joke hud been carried fur nougll at all events, he bail a orent rmniffiinnrrt nt being hung up between the heavens and the earth on this question: and when tho time shall come, ho would udeuvor to guard against it by the voto he should give. Yet in the fnco of these facts and arguments this lauso, sanctioning petty iiepu piatiom. aud acontemntu- t violation of tho constitution of the United Stairs was solemnly placed in tho new constitution. Will the people ratify by ihetr votes, a provision so absurd, ihat a leading nemocmi lu iim Convention considered: 1, when first proposed, n mere joke instead of a de- borutc design to sMimui.K a practical perjury into the Organic Law of tho Stato. "ONE" OK THEM. I orresiHttideiiee of the Journnl. Waure.i, May 18, 18..I. Mr. Bascom: l')ear Sir The only political ques- which now occupies the public mind, is the new constitution. There is uu great amount of enthusiasm en isled in its favor, even among tho Democrats, although, I think, they will almost unanimously vote for it. The ! Freesoilcrs, thoso mining them who have recently been Whigs, do not like the instrument; many of them will and ninny will not voto for it, while that portion of the Freesoil purty who came from the Democratic party, andthnso who wero old third party men, aro generally in favor of it, nnd will vote for it. The vote of that iarty will bo divided. Its organ hero is out against hu instrument strongly. As to the Whigs, some will ote for it with a scowl, others are at present quite in- illerent, while tho great majority will voto against it, especially if their attention is seriously railed to some f its mo-d obnoxious features, And why should they not 7 What will the W higs, or even the pie of the Stuto gain by its adoption! 1 he people, it is true, will gain an increased burden of luxation. They will also enjoy the satisfaction of knowing lhat an end will be put to all public improvements, that railroads and plank- roads will not bo constructed through the now portions of tho State, to disturb llio quiet of the primeval forests and to bring in inquisitive intruders and settlers to hange the beautiful and budding wilderness into stale and monotonous meadows, wheat fields and corn fields. These and many kindred benefits (if such ihey be, and they seemed to have been so considered by llio mujor- ty of tho Convention they will reap by its adoption Aud what uro the Whigs to gain b its adoption f A perpetual minority iu the legislative counrils by the operation of one of the most partizan ond unfuir appor tionments Hint wns over devised. What Whig will aid iu placing himself in a hopeless minority T I hope none. But tins ho will do if ho votes for Ihe new con stitutiun do it too with bis eyes open, nnd deliberately. I am at a Ions to understand the motives which govern such men. suid tho Democracy would nil go for it, and why not? It secures to them perpetual succession in ollico. It opens to them tho promised land, flowing with milk and honey, (lliat is, abundant ollices wilh good, fut sal aries.) W hat do they ruro whether nil their dogmas were engrafted into Iho instrument or not, so long as ftivos litem the power Thry wmil havo bean satisfied with llio old ouo if they could havo uniformly administered tho government. Any govern ment is good, any constitution bearable, as long pluees ou their shoulders the burden (f ) of ollice. Their support of tho instrument is based upon onoof the first principles of human natureself preservation. I could easily overlook some of llio unwise nnd imr- row iniuded and illiberal and unjust provisions of the instrument, were it not for ihe apportionment. If that was bur, so as to give n tnir expression ol the popular will, l suouiu noi tear inoir ueicicnoiin ouecis; oesiuei Iho instrument might bo nuiouded. But the upinirtion- metit cuts off all hope of am ndiuent, from the impossi bility oi securing a three-lillhs vote lor that purpose n a l.ocotoco Legislature. Yours, UOMi3 Dreudliil Oihunily. Tho shin Buckinghamshire, one of tho largest India men. was totally destroyed by fire while on her voyugo homo from Calcutta to Loudon. She left Calcutta the 1st of March with a cargo of Indian produce nnd about .'DO people, conaisting of troops, passengers nnd crew. On the fourth day out, and when oil' Canterbury Point, she wns discovered to bo nn lire. Every possible ox ertioti was mude to extinguish the flames, but howevor wilhoiit success. She was subsequently run ashore, uud all hands wilh the exception of six, who wero lb-owned, were providentially saved. She continued :o burn ibree days before she sunk. No properly was saved Iroiu tier, anil uie mss is esiimaieu ai ti-'u.uuu, Iron IE ii nU oi' Iron! on. Wosee. by the Register, Hint Hut enterprising and wealthy Irou musters, who nro niioresieu in tho lu ime en nround about Ironton. havo organized a hnni miller the above name. James ftodgers, John Peters, John Campbell. Hirnm Cmnpbeii nnd JuuietO. Wi lard, nro iho Directors of whom Mr. Rogers has boen made 1'reshlrnt, n),d Mr. W mam cannier. I hero will bo no default in this bunk based, as it is, on irou, well ns gold and silver. Vkillicothe Qarctte. Itrlttsh Sunshine. (ireeley, in a letter to personsabout to cross tho ocean, closes with tins streak of humor. It is corroborate by Iho muss of testimony on this paint t If tho ilav of voiir embarkation be fair, lake a lorn earnest pazo at the sun, so thut you will know him again when you return. They have something they II tho sun over hero winch tnoy "now occasional!; hut it looks more like a boiled turnip than It does li its American nnmesnko. Yet tliey rlreor us with th lassuraiico that there will be real sunshine litre by-and by, So mote it be, w TUESDAY EVENING, MAY 27, 18M. Lake Onturio lloute Eastward. The season for summer travel is rapidly advancing The great line of pleasure travel in the summer months, of course, is from the South to Hie North. From the vast valley of the Mississippi which uow scuds its tens of thousands and will soon send lis hundreds of I thousands up tho river to Cincinnati, und from thence by railroad through Columbus tu Cleveland, and to the north east the tide is beginning to come. Tho various avenues of communication begiu to feel the iullueuce ol tins anual migration. The day of big black trunks, and whole families of wanderers, begins to dawn. r rom Buffalo, several routes to tho east invito the atten tion of travelers. But, to our mind, no one has the attraction of the Luke Ontario route from Lcwistown, via Fort Niagara, Rochester, Oswego, Sacketl's Harbor, Kingston, Ogdensburgh, and down the SI. Lawrence to Montreal. The sceuery'on the lake and river is une-qualed, and the facility for getting from Montreal to any part of New England is now such that twenty-four hours will take you to the extremes of it iu almost any direction. Tho cool breezes of that northern latitude. the magnificent scenery of the thousand islands of the St. Lawrence, united with the host of faro, on the best of boats, all these unite to nmko Hub Me route east, in h tummer months. We have no doubt the enterprising proprietors of tho Steamboats on Lake Ontario and tho rivor St. Lawranco will reap a golden harvest this season, as the public are beginning to understand , and appreciate the advantages of that route. At all events, when we go east, wo shall practice what we proach.and shall go by the way nf Niagara, the Lake I and the St. Lawrence; und wo alVectionately appeal tu all our friends who wish to keep cool, find good company and accommodations, and enjoy the fiucst scenery mo continent, to " go and doltkewtse. Census Statistics. Tho Republic cuutuius a table of the census made at the Bureaus of the Department, which approxi- intes to accuracy, though the returns are not yot com plete enough to mako them perfect. According lo this table the entire population of tho United States, is 23.- !G3,4!J8, Tho federal representative population, inclu ling Ihree-hfths of the slaves is 31,833,IK.'l. The num ber of slaves is 3,175,58!). The ratio of representation Xl,,J'l. Under this, Ohio has 51 members, the snme number as at preseut. The rreu States havo a populu- lon, tor representation, of 13,533, 3!!, and tho Slave Stales of 8,2yy,.2;. We shall publish tho entire table of the population if each Stale wheu the returns are perfect, and when they appear iu un official shape. A ficw fAi'e Insurance Company. We cull the attention of our readers to the advertise ment, iu another column, of the Jefferson Life Inau-rutico Company, of Cincinnati. We aro glad to see thut some of the most wealthy and respectable men of lhat cily havo tnken hold ol it, as directors, and otlicers. Under their management, the public have a guuranty iiai its attain will be properly managed. U 1ms two (apartments; a joint stock, and a mutual plan; the joint stock being pledged for the security of iho mutual pnrtinent. 1 be rates are reasonable, being those xed upon by Insurance Companies in dilli-rent purls llie country. Of course, wheu a Company is formed at home, iu our own State, of sound, able inon, and on a basis of security to (be insured, wo should prefer our own to foreign companies. Iho advantages secured, are, 1st. ! No delay iu forwarding applications ; but an immediate issue of the policy. 2nd. Policies can be Inken for the enelil of the wife ur child of the applicant, free from II claims of creditors. 3d. The premiums accumu late at homo in solvent securities, I hereby preventing tho drain of money to tho East. 1 ho subject of Lite lusuruiico is nil rue ling much at tention ; aud, as we have several agents for responsible ompunies, we trust each business man will select some mie in which he has confidence, and make an invest ment. Almost a Fire. Last night, about 10 o'clock, the cry of firo rang liroughoor streets. It was found thut it proceeded Ironi a garret in tho Capitol Houso. Before the en- net arrived Iho firo was extinguished, und no water was thrown by them upon the building. How the tire ginated no one knows. The servants sleeping near made the discovery, and it was extinguished before broko out through tho roof. A few minules Inter and the danger would have been imminent. lEulloon Asrciisioii The I'oiirlh Mr. Kin .net has handed us the following telegraphic patch, from which it appears that Mr. Wise will bo baud in due season, and have overythiug in readiness for the balloon ascension t Lancaster, Pa.. Ma v 2; Sin I am making all necessurv anuiii-ements for tho grand ascent from Columbus on the Fourth of July iu i win uo tu LMiiuuious oy me iweniy-lllll ol June, get imiign ready, ii must no a model ascension. John Wis Fur Uio Uhlo Htsto Journal. Will You lake the ICesiionsilillity ! The following is taken from tho Kentucky New Era. A young inau in Virginia hud become andly intempe rate. Hu wan a man ul great capacity, fascination and power, but he had a passion for brandy which nothing uiiiuLiuiiHx, vnifii in ma mm tin n 11 pi u roiiinnHinL- k with him, but in vain: and as ofien. in turn, would he urge this friend to take the sociul glass in vain. On one occasion, the latter o greed lo yield to him, end as tney warned up tu iho bar together, the bar keepe in : " Gentlemen, what will you have 1" " Wiuo, sir," was the reply. The glasses were tilled, and ihe two friends stood ready lo pledge euch other in renewed, and eternal friendship, wheu he paused and said lu his intemperate inemi : " Now, if I drink this glass nnd become a drunkard 11 you take the responsibility T" Tho drunkard looked at him with severity and said " Set down thai glass,'" It was let down uud the two alked away without saying a word. O, tho drunkard knows the couseiiiieuces ol Hie first Inss. Even tu bis own madness tor minor, ho is not willing to assume tho responsibility ut another's be coming a drunkard. What 11 Hie question wero put to every denier as he asks for his license, and pays his money: "Are you willing to assume the responsibility!' How many would say, it the love ol money did not rule, " Ink back tho license." Reader, you will within ono short tuonth, if you am citizen of Ohio, be culled upon to say by your vote, whether or not thisbimiuoss of niakingdruukardsshall bo conilnued, In thin Ulatc, muloi Minition and by ti thonty of law. The question, then to be decided, is not wheihe Jrutikards shall bo made in Ohio, but whether this commonwealth shall authorize, muamzk, LICENSE tho sale of intoxicating drinks, by which drunkards are made. Men will no doubt continue to do wrong this, as in other tilings, hut shall they hnvu your con sent. A burglar may break your lock aud steal your prop erty, but it would surely bo some satisfaction, in re-Heeling upon your loss , to remember thai you hud pro- led a fork, and turned the koy , and that ynur ninth tuuo could not be attributed to your own negligepc toil havo a ton, n brother, or u beloved fneud li whoso future welfare you fuel a groat solicitude. Some one may entice that friend, brother or son of yours into a grog-shop. That shopkeeper may hold a license sell htm that which shall make him a drunkard, and thut blast tho fund hopes you havo cherished, nnd pierce your soul with ihorus of utiguish. How would yon feol under such circumstances to n llect that ou ll 17th of Juno, 1851, you deliberately voted "License tell intoxicating liijuort, Yes," and thus gave your direct sanction to this desolating business T 1 beseech you to think seriously upon this sub or and iheii answer to your own conscience the question, hich brought the poor drunkard to a stop ; II til you take the responsibility T Tho responsibility, not of making one druukard merely, but of auihoning men all over our great State, for all tune lo come, uudi protection, yes under authority of law to sen mioxi Jiug drinks, and thus induco thousands upou inou sands to becomo drunkards. Aro you willing to lake tho responsibility T If nut, to the polls i vote yos or no, ns suits your views, upon the Constitution itself, but, by all means, nepotic a bal lot which shall sny to all future law-makers in Oh LICENSE TO SELL INTOXICATING LliJiJUKS, NO. 's round. A short distuiice north nf Worlhingtou.on the Flank road, on Monday forenoon, a certificate for forty acres of Bounty Land, issued to Mary Shoemaker, widow o George Shoemaker, deceased, private in Captain Hop kin's Company, Virginia Militia, war 1U12. Tho per son entitled tu it can Have u oy caning ai our umw, aud paying for this notice. WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY "8, 1851. Taxing irnitcd States Stocks. It over a poor devil of a scribbler completely used uimscit up, It is the one who abuses the English Ian guage by signing himself " Truth," in the Statesman. He inquires of us what section of tho United States Constitution is violated by the provision to tax United States stocks. We answer, the Supremo Court of the United States has repeatedly decided lhat all such at tempts are violations of that clause which authorizes them to borrow money. We refer him to the decisions in 2d Peters' Reports 449, 480 ; also, 16th Peters, 35. It Iruth" will read the speech of Mr. Case, which wo published en Monday, he will find himself fully, completely, and triumphantly answered, aud that, too, by one of his own party. Wemustpsjosoa moment to nail a miserable attempt at a dodge on the purt of this " Truth." (T) He calls us a Hitr for saying that the new Constitution taxes the bonds ef the United States. Let us see : The 2d section oPUhe 12th article says Hie Legislature shall pass laws taxing all moneys, credits, investments iu bonds, stock, joint stock companies, or otherwise. If " Truth will toll us whether United States stocks arc stocks or not, tho question can be settled, aud the world will soon see who it the miserable, contemptible " liar," Hut Una veracious "Truth" says there is a differ ence between laxing United Slates stocks, and taxing tho mouey invested in these stocks. Lot us tell him thut no suck difference exists. There is not a particle of truth or a shadow of plausibility or seuse iu the point, and no one but a filth rate pettifogger, who would disgrace a country justice's court, would ever attempt to advance it. What is it that the holder of United States stocks has in his possession T Nothing more than a small pieco of parchment, certifying thut the United States owe the holder thereof a given sum of money. For ihis parchment tho bolder has paid to Government a given sum of money, say ono thousand dollars. Tho only thing the holder bus is the parchment or note, which in commercial phrase is culled "stock." His money is gone. It has been paid by him to Government, the Government has paid it lo divers persons to defray its expenses. This money may now bo iu the vaults of the bunks, or may be iu the hands of fanners, who have received it for their cattle or horses for government uso. Tfio " money invested in stocks " is gouo. It it taxed perhaps in some other person's name, or it is in general circulation. How can it be taxed iu thu bauds of stock holders ? It cannot be done. You muy just as well tux the money that has been paid tor a farm or a horse, or any other article of property, after it has passed out of tho hands of tho buyer, and tax it as the properly of the buyer. That this dodge may bo effectually headed, let us suppose a case. A widow in 1812, is left wilh five thousand dollars in money. She has no other property, nnd is desirous of investing this in a safe fund, where she can got her annual interest without any trouble, and be sure of it. Tho United States are at war wilh Great Brituin, und we want money to carry it uu. We say lu this woman, lend us your money, und we will givo you stocks (or five thousand dollars, with six per cent, interest, payable annually. She thinks our government safe; she lets Us have the $5,Ul)0, and tukes stock lo that amoutit. Upon this she has received $:i()0 por annum regularly. It is her support and depend- inco. But, in 1U50, Locofocoism gets the control ol airs, and determines to tax all stocks. The widow objects, and says, the Supreme Court of the United States has frequently determined that the Stutes have power to do tins. Ixicolbcoism then says, it we anuot tax your stocks, we can tux your money whirh you have invested iu these stocks, and that sum being live thousand dollars, wo shall tux you on it, anil com I you to pay. Now, this is tho idea of taxing money invested in stocks, fully explained and carried out, Aud how does it look? Is there a man wiih a thimble full of b rait s it could be guilty of attempiiug any such argument f Yet "Truth," and men of his calibre can see tho distinction jutt as plain aud easy, we suppose, us the boy w his daddy ! But we havo said enough on this point. We thought proier, however, tu settle tho dispute at once, aud forever. There it no such distinction as hus boen at- mpied to be claimed. It is a mockery, insult, to Ik of it hi earnest As Mr. Case says, it may be Un rated perhaps ns a pointless joke, but lu insist upon as a serious thing, is too absurd anil outrageous to be borne- New York and Due Itailroad. This road is now open from Now York cily to (.mu rk, on Lake Erie, making a continuous road of 4i0 miles in length, aud affording to western travelers thu mrtest aud easiest route to New York cily. The hoto distance is run by tho express trains in I7j ours, and the whole through fare it eight dollars, hich is lest than two cents per mile, and is certuiuly the chenpetft railroad fare iu tho United States. Ilav- ig recently passed over the whole lino, we can bear siimony to the strenuous exertions of tlm worthy resident and Directors to have the mad aud all tho arrangements iu complete order, and to tho politeness and attention of the conductors. By tins route, a trav elor can leave New York city hi the morning at six k, and be iu Columbus the afternoon of the next ny, or in Cincinnati iu the evening. To reach New ork city from hero now requires only 3li hours hich it less than we ever exacted, and about at short as it will be for the present. It is also au easy route to travel, as the night is spent ou Luke Eric af- rding an excellent opportunity for sleep. The view over litis route is ever changing, presenting every variety nf scenery and every phase of oiviliza- Through somenortiotis ot New Jersey, Hie road passes for miles overThe swampy ll iU near llie Fassuic, presenting a prospect ns level, but less attractive man tho sea. A few miles further brings you among the rough portions of south eastern New York, abounding iu lurgu iron works, a short dittauco further aud you see tho beatit ul tanning district ol Orange county, (low ing wilh milk and butter for the city market; and then again you are hurried along through a mountaiimut re gion, whero the railroad, the Dulawaro rivor, and a canal, are for miles alt crowded in between two mountains, whore thoro is scurcely room for either and thus you pass rapidly from the valley of Iho Dela ware to that of tho Susquehanna, and llieuce to Hie sseo, and llieuce to tho Alleghuny, llymg ns Crit tenden said iu his Dunkirk speech, "from mountaiu ton to mountain top, through cultivated fields and lu dial) reservations, over barren rocks aud through pine forests, hy wheat regions and lumber districts, here uud there throwing oti branch roads to the right ami left, meeting tho commerce of a whole country, all hi ouo short day, and late in the evening yuu find yourself un the baiiksul Lake Erie, and fell the strung beatings nf tho pulse ol tho Great West. This route, for speed, safely, variety and beauty ofaceuery, mutt ever be strong competitor with all oilier routes. The McctliiK of tlm Extremes. The recent Convention of Nullitiors, in Charleston passed the following romluliou: " Kesolvcit, 1 hat we hold tho right ot secession m do saenlinlto the sovereignty and freedom el Hie olalel of this Confederacy ; and that thn denial of Hint right, would furnish to un nnured ntale tho sinmgcsi mini tional cause lor its exorcise." Tho Abolition Convention al Syracuse, which ad lourn ed Inst week, not to be outdone by Southern Treason, adopted what follows: " Ketotrea, i hat odious as are ine governing prion pleaol Soiiih CarohtiH, we cannot withhold Irotn to1 llie praise justly tine lo her consistent maintenance of die if rent cHrdimd doctrine of the Held n secession by a single Slate a doctrne vital to lih-'rty, nnd iho only leguard id llio several sovereignties Horn inu lyraun ot a grasping ceutrnlizalion. Hero is food for grave thought. Hero is the m ingot the extremes. Here northern ngnuiors ami on unionists join hands with Southern slave pmpuga'ie ists and mil libera, and propose to unite In the pieusnui and profitable game of destroying llie Union of die States. If Hiero is any thing Hint will open Ibe eyes of ibeso men. il seoms to us that this exhibition w have a strong tendency lo do It. Just look ot tho pic tun) ! Northern nulbtiers trying to destroy the Union because tho South has every thing her own wny. nutl has always ruled the nation. Southern nullitiors engaged in the same work, becnuse Iho North controls the legislation of our government, and because they have so long trampled on ihe rights of the South. Now, it is evident that tn Una case somebody is aauiy mistaken. Truth, in our Judgment, aa tt happens in moat of this class or cases, lies between them. Belli of them am mistaken. Will they be so kind as In read each other' grievances, and determine wlueli is the most humbugged and mistaken t Parodi was lo give her lat concert at New Orleans on the loth intt, when the would loave for Natch, Mississippi. The Debates or the Constitutional Convention.We are happy to announce that wehave finished the huge volume of debates of the Convention, and that we are ready to supply the public with copies thereof. It is a huge document, weighing tix pounds. It contains an ample index, a table of names, occupation, address, ifeo., of the members j a copy of the present constitution, a copy of Iho ordinance of 1787, aud a large copperplate engraving of the Convention Chamber, show-the seat of each member, Sec. The book is well bound, and can be furnished in one or two volumes os muy be desired. As the ork is official it may bo depended upon for accuracy aud completeness. Orders respectfully solicited. t5pWe thank our friend for calling public attention to the clause in the new constitution upon which he has founded his remarks. We do not remember of reading any exposition of that section, and, as bis criticism is fair and candid, it is eminently worthy of pub lic attention. If, as he suggests, this clause prevents the levying of any taxes fur roads, bridges, &c., then aro tho peoplo deprived of a very great advantage. .Let there be discussion and investigation, and if this is the effect we know ol thousands who will never con sent to tio up their own bauds in this way. Vast goad has resulted from tho exercise of this right, aud vast evil would follow its loss : For the Ohio Bute Journal. Mr. Editor : I am not aware that the followiusclause iu the new constitution has been com roc u ted upon by the press, although it seems to me worthy the serious attention of the public: " Tho commissioners of counties, the trustees of townships, aud similar boards, shall have such power of local taxation tor police purposes as may be provided by law." Arl. 10, sec. 7. What is the meaning of this section ? It seems clear enough that thu object is to limit the power of taxatiou by these local authorities. Fur what purposes' may taxes be assessed under tint limitation I It will be seen that this depends uon the definition of the word police, because taxes cannot be authorized for any other than police purposes. In ono sense, this word signifies the governmentand the administration of tho laws of a city or town. In a legal sense Hie term would enhance the execution of the laws oi a State or nntiou Hie promotion of domestic order, and such regulations as aro necessary for the health and safety of society. It is probnble the friends of the proposed constitution understand the word iu this legal sense. The Legislature will therefore be authorized to confer upon those local authorities tho power to levy taxes for tho erection of court bouses, iails. hospitals. poor houses, &.C., and to defray the expenses incident to the execution of the luws. But I cannot see how, ider this section, taxes can be levied to construct roads or bridges, whether they belong to the pubiio or to corporations. II the construction ot a public highway or bridge be authorized as the exercise of the po- lice power, it is difficult to comprehend why the construction of a steam ferry, a turnpike a railroad, or even a canal, is not also authorized, provided the improve ment nemugs tu me puniic. The majority of the Convention were advocates of tho doctrine that taxes should be imposed for no other purpose than to defray the expenses of making and administering tho lasvs that all improvements should be left to individual or private enterprise. The power of the Legislature to impose laxos has been limited to those purposes. But rearing lhat tho people ot counties and townships might be inclined, through their commissioners anil trustees, to spend some of their own money in the construction ot highwaysand bridges, the Convention has made provision that uo taxes shall be levied except lor " police purposes! 1 prefer, (though it nerds some amendments,) tho OhO CONSTITUTION. IK-Iayed. Yesterday when the train reached the Worth ington (ution, it whs found lhat ibe pump which fed the boil er was uut of ordor and did not work- A delay uf six hours was the result. The passengers amused themselves by strolling over the country, round about. Those who failed to dino at our depot, got hungry and made a descent on all the neighboring farm bouses, nnd literally eat every thing thut was tube had for love or money. Four hundred strangers was rather more than they hud made arrangements for. The train finally got under way about five o'clock, P. M. Iu consequence of the delay ol the express train to Cleveland, yesterday, the cars from there did not at re in this cily till 3 o'clock this morning. 1 he prompt arrival ut the express irom uinciunaii. inis morning, tows llmt all things are right again. The Lor ii Ms are Here. We have been informed by several gentlemen that the Locusts are beginning to appear quite abundantly this county. We infer from this, that, seventeen 'orsugo, they abounded hereabouts. The editor of the Statesman is gelling alarmed at the prosccts on the uew Constitution question. After using his utmost endeavors to make it a partisan instrn. meat, ami a partizan question, he finds that the prospects are not as brilliant at he hoped. He hat finally arrived at iho conclusion that quite a number oi vvnigt really have serious objections to being disfranchised, and do not relish ibe idea of having all the public improvements of the State stopped just at preseut. The Scioto iazette.in commenting on the Statesman's remarks about Mr. Hayden's extensive manufacturing establishments and the idea that no " protection to American industry " is uecessary, insinuates that other manu facturers could gel along perhaps without protection, if they had extensive contracts for penitentiary hands, at thirty cents per day. Should not wonder if they inuld. All this however does not abale the credit due Mr. Huydett for his energy and skill as a practical business man. Frost. The True Democrat, of yesterday, saya the frost on Friday night injured the fruit in Chardon and Humtlen. Its ellerl were not generally felt, howev or, in the lake ivgionj Tho express train started from our depot yesterday. with about lour hundred passengers. There were two hundred through passengers from Cincinnati. This is an accession to former numbers. To-duy, ninety through passengers oaine from Gin- einnatt. About two h uud red sinneu imm oiumoiis to Cleveland. The Cuban pat riot t (T) aro disbanding and going home. This is the moat sensible step tliey have yet taken. Another sensible thing will be, to stay then. Oregon Items. We have before us three numbers of the Oregou Spectator, published at Oregon City, via t March 20, 27, and April 3. Wo gather from them the following items of news: Samuel Gav. a native of Ireland, was killed hy the filling of a tree at Oswego, on the Hth of March. He has a brother living in New York, and another in Illi nois. The Wilhimeiio. a steamboat, Iwloug'ing to How land id Aspiuwiill, and destined for tho Columbia aud Willamette rivers, hns arrived at Astoria, having come hither from New York by means of tail. She is to be put together and lilted up immediately and placed iu auinectioii wiiu tuo line. A lurgu number of citisens were about leaviug for Klamath mines in Ca!ifrma. Tho editor thinks they will get sick of thoir trip, and will soon be back. They are subject to excitement at the recital of "big gold stories, as well as their brethren further east. Mr. Ferguson, an agent of the Post OfHce Department, had arrived in Oregon, fur Hie purpose of establishing number nf now mail mutes. Much benetit was ex pected from his operations. Coal of gixxl quality, ami in abundance, is found iu dillerent parts of Oregon. The high price of labor and transportation check the business now, but time will bring i out in nbuudanru, , Aaron K. Wait publishes a long communication in answer to certain attacks that he says were made upon him by Mr. Thurston, their delegate in Congress. It Is about u sharp ami savage as similar vegetable are that grow farther east. Not knowing, the merits of the quarrel, we have nothing more to say about it. At a public meeting in Yamhill county, Gen. Joseph Lane wns unanimously nominated for delegate to Con gress. Teinp 'rnnce uieeiiiiga are held in various places ia the territory. Dr. John McLaughlin luw consented to run for May or of Oregou City. Hi election Is considered certain. The steamer Gold Hunter has changed owner and has been plared in a nw trade. Her running between Portland ami Sau Fraucitco is said lo have ueon attend ed wilh more expense than profit. The "Oregon Insliinle," a litorary institution, ( J commencing iin lirat term. The Willamette River was quits high, iron the effect ot abundant raim.