Big Game Hunting Tourists Trumpet Their Contributions to African Economies

Kevin Crowley, Bloomberg

- Jun 12, 2016 4:00 pm

Skift Take

We found it very hard to get too upset about Cecil, but we think that hunting tourism is a simplistic, narrow-minded practice that appeals to the worst instincts in people and reduces African destinations to outdated cliches.

— Jason Clampet

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Hunters who travel to Africa to shoot big game had been keeping a low profile in the aftermath of global outrage provoked by the killing of Cecil the lion in Zimbabwe last year. Now they’re fighting back.

The conservation arm of Safari Club International, which suspended the membership of U.S. dentist Walter Palmer for shooting Cecil, has published research that says trophy hunting contributes $426 million dollars to eight, mostly poor sub-Saharan African countries and employs 53,000 people.

United Airlines and Delta Air Lines Inc. banned transporting animal trophies, and tighter hunting rules were introduced after Palmer shot the 13-year-old male lion, who was part of an Oxford University conservation project, after he wandered out of Zimbabwe’s Hwange National Park in July. Such restrictions threaten a vital source of income for one of the world’s poorest regions, according to SCI, home to the world’s largest collection of hunting records.

“There’s certainly some negative impacts that have been realized in the aftermath of that incident,” said Matthew Eckert, director of conservation at the Safari Club Foundation, SCI’s conservation arm, which funded the report. “It’s drawing more attention from the public to one side of the perspective, that’s the animal activist, the animal-rights movement. They’re being blinded and not seeing the importance of hunting to conservation and the people.”

Each year between 2012 and 2014 almost 19,000 international hunters, mostly from the U.S., visited the eight African countries studied in the report, spending on average two weeks and $26,000. Most of that spending is in remote rural areas where people have limited economic opportunities, it said.

“By providing jobs and income to local communities, hunting conveys a positive value to wildlife which incentivizes communities to protect game species and the land they, and all wildlife species, depend upon,” the report said.

That’s not an argument that sits well with animal-rights organizations, which say hunting is too lightly controlled and in South Africa, the most popular destination, land owners are driven to breed animals with the biggest horns or unusual coat colors that do little for conservation. In the rest of Africa, it’s mainly wild animals on government or community land that are hunted. Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Ethiopia were included in the study along with South Africa, where trophy hunting accounts for about 3 percent of the tourism industry.

“When you hunt it’s supposed to be selective but trophy hunters tend to just want the biggest trophies,” said Isabel Wentzel, a spokeswoman for the South Africa’s National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. “It’s a free-for-all.”

Black Mane

Hunting groups are coming under pressure from animal-rights activists to reform their practices after the slaying of Cecil, whose striking black mane was a popular tourist attraction, exposed the scale of Africa’s hunting industry. Palmer was forced to temporarily close his dental practice in Minnesota as demonstrators and news crews congregated at the clinic. Toy, stuffed animals were left in the doorway.

After Cecil was killed, United and Delta joined a number of airlines including Emirates and Deutsche Lufthansa AG from stopping customers from transporting big-game hunting trophies as cargo. To import lion carcasses to the U.S., hunters must prove to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service that hunting in the country of origin enhances populations.

“I hope that a single incident which was an international sensation and phenomenon driven by an emotional response doesn’t impact negatively a conservation mechanism of sustainable use,” Eckert said.

Photo Credit: A well-known, protected lion known as Cecil strolls around in Hwange National Park, in Hwange, Zimbabwe. A year after the animal's killing hunting groups are arguing for their economic impact. Paula French / Associated Press