See also

Hungarian wine

Hungarian wine has a history dating back to at least Roman times. Outside of Hungary, the best-known wines are the white dessert wineTokaji and the red wine Bull's Blood of Eger (Egri Bikavér).

Etymology

Only three European languages have words for wine that are not derived from Latin: Greek, Turkish and Hungarian. Records carved in a Runic alphabet used by ancient Hungarians have words for wine derived from Turkic. There are two hundred Hungarian words (including wine as well) that are of Bulgaro-Turkic origin, suggesting that the Magyars had contact with the first winemakers in the South Caucasus. Examples include:

Szőlő: "grape"

Bor: "wine"

Ászok: "cask"

Áldomás: "blessing", "libation"

History

The Romans brought vines to Pannonia, and by the 5th century AD, there are records of extensive vineyards in Hungary. Following the Magyar invasion of 896, Árpád rewarded his followers with vineyards in Tokaj. Over the following centuries, new grape varieties were brought in from Italy and France. Most of the production was of white wine.

The Hungarian name for the language is magyar[ˈmɒɟɒr] or magyar nyelv (listen). The word "Magyar" is also used as an English word to refer to Hungarian people as an ethnic group, or to the language.

History

Classification

Hungarian is a member of the Uralic language family. Linguistic connections between Hungarian and other Uralic languages were noticed in the 1670s, and the family itself (then called Finno-Ugric) was established in 1717, though the classification of Hungarian as a Uralic/Finno-Ugric rather than Turkic language continued to be a matter of impassioned political controversy through the 18th and into the 19th centuries. Hungarian has traditionally been assigned to a Ugric branch within Uralic/Finno-Ugric, along with the Mansi and Khanty languages of western Siberia (Khanty–Mansia region), but it is no longer clear that this is a valid group. When the Samoyed languages were determined to be part of the family, it was thought at first that Finnic and Ugric (Finno-Ugric) were closer to each other than to the Samoyed branch of the family, but this position is currently considered questionable.

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