Abstract : This work addresses the problem of document image analysis, and more particularly the topic of document structure recognition in old, damaged and handwritten document. The goal of this paper is to present the interest of the human perceptive vision for document analysis. We focus on two aspects of the model of perceptive vision: the perceptive cycle and the visual attention. We present the key elements of the perceptive vision that can be used for document analysis. Thus, we introduce the perceptive vision in an existing method for document structure recognition, which enable both to show how we used the properties of the perceptive vision and to compare the results obtained with and without perceptive vision. We apply our method for the analysis of several kinds of documents (archive registers, old newspapers, incoming mails . . . ) and show that the perceptive vision signicantly improves their recognition. Moreover, the use of the perceptive vision simplies the description of complex documents. At last, the running time is often reduced.