(D) Incorrect. This is not the main idea and not true based on the passage. Line 54 states that her poetry contributed little. She may have started the Black American poetry but she did not play a role in the development of the distinct voice. For the most part, her poetry was overwhelmingly conventional.

(E) Incorrect. Her poetry did not contribute to preserving the principles of African oral tradtion since her work reflected little of her experience and heritage.

When you are unsure of the passage's main idea, it may be helpful to answer other local questions first to gain a better understanding of the main point.

This question asks you to find a parallel situation. This question is not too difficult because it uses only one example- Italian immigrant in America, instead of using five different examples to confuse the testtakers and to make it hard to contrast among the choices. If you have a good grasp of Wheatley's approach that she conformed to the conventions without incorporating her nonconventional heritage and experiences.

(A) Incorrect. No translation of the African American traditions.

(B) Incorrect. She was strictly English.

(C) Incorrect. She contributed little as mentioned in Line 54.

(D) Incorrect. She did not do this. If this choice to become true, it should read, "defined artistic expression in terms of eighteenth-century American poetic conventions"

(B) Incorrect. Just throwing some side facts to confuse you. Who cares if sugar is not available. We are concerned with sugar's property not its feasiblity as a medical treatment

(C) Incorrect. This strongly weakens the passage. Sugar promotes baterial growth! This does not explain the passage at all. This choice might have been correct if this choice was a Weaken question.

(D) Incorrect. This choice introduces some complex relationship into the passage. But remember the passage does not mention using the antibiotic and sugar together. Moreover, it does not say that the physicians used some food that contain sugar. This fact is certainly a concern if the antibiotic is used with the sugar treatment and requires more research. But this does not explain the phenomenon at all.

(E) Incorrect. The fact that sugar can be used as a crude antibiotic is mentioned in 2007 film Shooter. Supposedly this practice was common during the Napoleonic Wars. So what? It only shows the knowledge of sugar's medicinal effect is ancient. It does not explain why.

This was your first question of the section. Gain confidence and warm up your logic engine. Get ready for some serious logical reasoning.

Some color blindness discussion. This could well be a Flaw question because there is a flaw in the reason. This question can be tricky since the answer should contain the same logical error. By not phrasing this question as "which of the following the similar error in reasoning", the question does not give you a clue that there is an error.

ANALYZE

The flaw is that the red/green color blind people are not the only ones who cannot distinguish between green and brown. There may be some people who are not red/green color-blind and Gerald could be a member of that group. The logic does not preclude that loophole.

The structure of the argument is: Major Premise, Minor Premise, Conclusion

CHOOSE

(A) Incorrect. This is a sound logic. The structure is same- Major Premise, Minor Premise, Conclusion. This does not have the flaw discussed earlier.

(B) Correct. This choice commits the same kind of flaw. People with sinusitis may not be the only one who lose their sense of smell. Pretend that people who ace the LSAT lose the sense of smell but do not suffer from sinusitus. Mary may well be a member of this group. This is a common type of flaw tested in the LSAT over and over. If X→Y. Z→Y. So Z→X. (invalid)

(C) Incorrect. This is a good logic without the flaw. If X→ NOT Y.(Contrapositive: Y→NOT X) Z→Y. So Z→NOT X.

(D) Incorrect. If X→NOT Y. Z→X. So Z→NOT Y.

(E) Incorrect. This choice is a bit strange. This choice has a hidden assumption that there is some special diet consists of small amount of sugar. The conclusion that Freda is on a special diet is not a proper one- a better one would be "Freda cannot have a large amounts of sugar."

This question is difficult for Number 2 requiring a good knowledge of formal logic and contrapositive. Writing each choice into algebraic logic notation is helpful but not necessary.

From "Professing Medically: The Place of Ethics in Defining Medicine" by Leon R. Kass. The Journal of the American Medical Association, Volume 249, pages 1305-1310. Copyright 1983 by The American Medical Association.