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The brain is located near the primary sensory organs for vision, hearing, balance, smell and taste. For this reason, it can integrate all types of sensory information very quickly and allow vertebrates to function properly. The cells inside of the brain are known as neurons. These cells are electrically excitable, and they transmit signals and information to neurons throughout the entire vertebral nervous system through action potentials. Damage to the vertebral brain can result in severe loss of function or death.