The Basic Concept Of LED Lamps And Lanterns And LED Light Source

Lighting lamps and lanterns is indispensable in People's Daily life a kind of electric equipment, its function is to provide artificial lighting, and meet the lighting needs of all kinds of places. Its traditional definition is include all except the light source used for fixed and protect the light source all the parts and components, as well as the necessary circuit connected to the power supply in the attachment. And the light source refers to itself is light, the object giving out light and can last. In the backdrop of the global "energy conservation and emissions reduction", LED as a new type of light source has a wide application in every field, setting standards, evaluate the performance of LED lighting products quality has been a focus in the current lighting electrical industry. LED in a variety of forms, including LED packaging, LED array, LED modules, LED lights, etc., it also so different with the combination of lamps and lanterns, including with a standard lamp holder, built-in type, independent and integral, which formed the different maintenance types, such as the light source can be replaced and non-replaceable, WeiHuXing and WeiHuXing could not. In addition, the dazzling appearance design and style, etc., are made with the distinction between the traditional way is difficult to define, especially in the LED lamps and the LED light on the definition of some vague or even wrong idea has caused the confusion in the industry and the development of this industry to LED lighting industry and standards, as well as detection area will be produced adverse effect. In June 2010 IEC TC34 LED seminar was held in Helsinki, Finland, talking about a lot of technical problems at the same time, the LED lamps and lanterns and LED lamp issues also become the focus of the meeting experts to talk about. In this paper, we introduce the foreign latest standard information, analyzes the concept of lamps and lanterns and light, and the definition of LED lamps and lanterns and LED light are discussed in this paper.

A, the related definitions

1, related to the LED light source Whether LED array, the LED module or LED lights, is light.

(1) the lights (lamp) : to produce optical radiation (usually a visible) and light source. Note: the term is also sometimes used for certain types of luminaires.

(2) the leds (Light Emitting Diode (LED)) : incoherent optical radiation during a forward biased the p-n junction of semiconductor devices. The spectrum may in the ultraviolet, visible or infrared wavelength region.

(3) the LED chip die (LED) : a small piece of assembled on a given function LED light-emitting semiconductor material on a line.

(4) the LED arrays or module LED array (or module) : in printed circuit board or substrate encapsulation (components) or LED chip components, may have optical element, additional thermal, mechanical and intend to connect to the LED driver load side of the electrical interface. The device does not contain the power and the standard lamp holder. The device cannot be directly connected to the branch circuit. As shown in figure 1.

(5) LED encapsulation (LED package) : including welding line fittings or other type of electrical fittings of one or more of the LED chip components, may have optical element and thermal, mechanical and electrical interface. The device does not include the power supply and standard lamp holder. The device cannot be directly connected to the branch circuit. As shown in figure 2.

(6) the LED driver (LED driver) : contains power supply and LED control circuit of the device, the purpose is to make the LED encapsulation (components) or LED arrays (modules) or LED lights work.

(7) the integral LED lamp, LED lamp, non - integrated) : with the LED array (module) or LED encapsulation component (element) and a standard lamp holder. The device is going to through a standard lamp holder is connected to the lamps and lanterns of LED drive. The device cannot be directly connected to the branch circuit. As shown in figure 3.

(8) integral LED lamp, LED lamp, integrated: contains LED encapsulation (components) or LED arrays (modules), LED driver, the standard lamp holder, and other optical, thermal, mechanical and electrical components of the overall portfolio. The device is intended to through the standardization of lamp holder directly connected to the branch circuit. As shown in figure 4.

(9) LED light Engine (LED light Engine) : contains LED encapsulation (components) or LED arrays (modules), LED driver, and other optical, thermal, mechanical and electrical components of the overall portfolio. The device through a matching with the LED lamps and lanterns of conventional connector is connected directly to the branch circuit, the LED lamps and lanterns designed does not use the standard lamp holder.

2. The definition of lamps and lanterns and LED lamps and lanterns

(1) the lamps and lanterns of GB 7000.1 2007 given (luminaire) is defined as "to allocate, filters or transforms one or more of the lamp light of an apparatus, and include supporting, fixed, and protect the light all the necessary components (but not including the lamp itself), and the necessary circuit auxiliary device and connect them with the power of the device." Definition with a note that "the integral non-replaceable light illuminator is seen as a lamps and lanterns, but no integrated light sources and integral ballast lamp test."

(2) "ANSI/IESNA RP - 16 - the naming and definition of illumination engineering" in the LED lamps and lanterns (LED luminaire) is defined as including drives, based on LED light-emitting element and matching parts and light distribution, fixed and protect the luminous component parts, and connect the appliance to complete lighting apparatus of branch circuit components. Based on the LED luminous element may form is LED encapsulation (element), LED array (module) or LED lamp, LED light engine. LED lamps and lanterns is going to directly connected to the branch circuit. LED lamps and lanterns example is shown in figure 5.

(3) Hybrid LED lamps and lanterns of LED luminaire (Hybrid) : equipped with based on the LED luminous element and other types of light sources such as incandescent or fluorescent lamps and lanterns.

Second, how to define the LED lamps and LED light source

Lamps and lanterns and LED lamps and lanterns is given the definition of the following important information:

1 GB 7000.1 2007 definition is given the structure characteristics of lamps and lanterns, lamps and lanterns is a light control components, and provide light mechanical bearing parts, lighting circuit and power supply connection parts and protect the lamp parts, who is accused of lamps and lanterns of the specific optical components (prism reflector, pervious to light or flat glass, grille, etc.), support of the lamp holder, lamp, condenser, starter control unit and circuit must assist device, such as fixed the mechanical structure of these components and devices, power connection (GB7000.1 stipulated in article 5.1 power connections), and necessary to protect the lamp shell protection measures, etc.

2. When using the non-replaceable lamp or LED lamp, the structure characteristics of lamps and lanterns of light-emitting devices will not be changed, in this case, the GB 7000.1 2007 in the "note" of the definition of stress is that the integral non-replaceable light illuminator is seen as a lamps and lanterns, but no integrated light sources and integral ballast lamp test.

3. The traditional light source with a standard lamp holder for signatures, and the LED light source in a variety of forms, in order to identify, ANSI/IESNA RP - 16-05 definition given LED lamps and lanterns of identify the light source of the LED lamps and lanterns, in the form of the array (LED) light source can be LED array, LED modules, LED module or LED lights (LED lamp).

4. ANSI/IESNA RP - 16-05 defines the key points of the LED lamps and lanterns and LED lights distinction, that is going to directly connected to the branch circuit of LED lamps and lanterns, the LED light source is not directly connected to the branch circuit, including: - LED module does not contain the power supply, not connected to the branch circuit directly; - LED array is not including power supply, also does not include the standard lamp holder, not connected to the branch circuit directly; - integral LED lamp should be through a standard lamp holder, the integral LED lamp should be through the lamps and lanterns of lamp holder can be connected to the branch circuit.

5. In LED related terms, should also be clear about the LED driver, LED control circuit and LED power supply, the difference between: - LED drive refers to contain the LED control circuit and LED power supply device; - power LED is not control function, but it can within its design limits for current, voltage and power transformers, power supply (modulation), battery or other device; - LED control circuit does not contain the power supply, is designed to adjust the output voltage, current, or work cycle to transform or other ways to control for the LED encapsulation (components) or LED arrays (modules) the quantity of electricity and the characteristics of electronic components. According to these concepts can understand, to meet the demand of LED LED power supply and LED control circuit, can be separated and exist independently, can also be grouped together, LED power supply and LED control circuit is LED driver when combined together.

6. Integral LED lamp and the integral LED lamp is with a standard lamp holder, and have similar shape characteristics, the key difference between them was whether with LED drive. Integral LED lamp is an array or an LED driver, LED module, can through the standardization of lamp holder connected to the branch circuit, monolithic leds can replace ordinary incandescent light bulbs, lighting or CFL lamp. The integral LED lamp is without LED drive LED module or array, it is necessary for lamp holder connected to the branch circuit through the lamps and lanterns, the lamps and lanterns should contain integral LED lights work needs LED drive. The integral LED etc cannot be directly replace incandescent or CFL light.

7. The LED light engine is a device between LED lamps and lanterns and LED lights, and LED lights is that it does not contain the difference between a standard lamp holder, but contains a connector to match the lamps and lanterns. And it is the difference between the LED lamps and lanterns can't connected to the branch circuit directly, and the similarities of lamps and lanterns is can be set by the light distribution function, for example, has the characteristic of road lamp light distribution. LED light engine to use without a standard lamp LED light source of LED lamps and lanterns has maintainability.

Three, easily by mistake as a light source

1. Some types of lamps and lanterns is conventionally referred to as "light" from the definition of lamps and lanterns and light can know, in general, "light" refers to the light source, various types of lights are in the physics of light, named as incandescent lamp, high-pressure sodium lamp, metal halide lamp, fluorescent lamp, ultraviolet lamp, electroluminescent lamp, halogen tungsten lamp and so on, the naming and classification and application of lamp of place and used for what kind of lamps and lanterns has nothing to do; While "lamps and lanterns" refers to the illuminator, it consists of a light source the required attachment and circuit, making the light source to redistribute to meet the application requirements of optical components, as well as the installation of lamps and lanterns, fixed, adjust the assembly of parts required, the classification and naming of lamps and lanterns and its installation or use places or purpose of the design, such as stationary absorb dome light, portable desktop lamps and lanterns, portable floor lamp, road lighting, tunnel lighting lamps, garden lamps and lanterns, floodlight and emergency lighting lamps and lanterns, and so on. But, as the definition of "light" in the "note" described above, the term "light" is also sometimes used for certain types of luminaires. Perhaps is because of the habit, many people called "road lighting lamps and lanterns" "street", called "the ceiling surface install lamps and lanterns" "dome light", but in this case, the street lamp, absorb dome light is not light, it is the road lighting lamps and lanterns and ceiling surface installation of lamps and lanterns.

2. Light non-replaceable lighting appliance belongs to the lamps and lanterns Can know from the definition of lamps and lanterns, lighting appliance standards "lamps and lanterns" does not involve in the type of light source, that is to say, in the evaluation of lamps and lanterns and the inspection, the only light source to provide normal work of related parts or environmental evaluation, evaluation or inspection without the light source itself. Because it is durable consumer goods, the design life is longer than the light source of lamps and lanterns, so lamps and lanterns of light is usually a replaceable parts. As the light gradually extended service life, light of the change of the mode of fixed, as well as the requirements for durability of lamps and lanterns is reduced, some lamps and lanterns designed light source is not to replace, in other words, once light damage, lamps and lanterns scrap. According to the lighting appliances terminology standard and standard of the definition of "lamps and lanterns", this kind of light source non-replaceable lighting fixtures still belongs to the lamps and lanterns. For light source shall not replace lamps and lanterns, in addition to the light source non-replaceable, according to the application requirements of photometric circuit design, lighting lamps and lanterns need accessories, lamps and lanterns and fixed device, etc., and the light source can replace the lamps and lanterns of exactly the same, the difference is that in the lamps and lanterns of illuminant non-replaceable may not use the lamp holder, light source fixed mechanical and electrical connections were completed by mechanical fixture and light connector. Applications in LED lighting, there have been examples of using non-replaceable light lamps and lanterns, typically such as power socket installation night light, night light the light source there are replaceable and not to replace, but they all belong to the lamps and lanterns, night light the lamps and lanterns of safety standards evaluation is GB7000.212-2008 "the lamps and lanterns of 2 - part 12: special request power socket installation night light".

Along with the high power high brightness LED, LED greatly expand the application field, now in the entertainment, beautify the city buildings, landscape lighting and so on has a very wide range of applications, and is developing in the direction of the indoor lighting applications. For lamps and lanterns and light design personnel, a clear definition of the concept of LED lamps and the LED light, help it identify design input, make our products conform to the requirements of the corresponding use, is lighting appliances standardization workers correctly define the scope and formulate the corresponding product standards, the basis of technical requirements and inspection organizations the basic guarantee for the correct application standards.