This study aimed to measure scattered dose and estimate organ dose during mammography under conventional (CM) and Tomo (TM) modes in a specific DBT system. Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs), whose responses were corrected using a parallel-plate ionization chamber, were pasted on the surface of custom-made polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and RANDO phantoms to measure entrance surface air kerma (ESAK). ESAK measurements were also acquired with a 4.5-cm thick breast phantom for a standard mammogram. Organ dose conversion factors (CFD ) were determined as ratio of air kerma at a specific depth to that at the surface for the PMMA phantom and multiplied by the ratio of mass energy absorption coefficients of tissue to air. Normalized eye lens and thyroid gland doses were calculated using the RANDO phantom by multiplying CFD and ESAK values. Maximum variability in OSLD response to scatter radiation from the DBT system was 33% in the W/Rh spectrum and variations in scattered dose distribution were observed between CM and TM. The CFD values for eye lens and thyroid gland ranged between 0.58 to 0.66 and 0.29 to 0.33, respectively. Mean organ doses for two-view unilateral imaging were 0.24 (CM) and 0.18 (TM) μGy/mAs for the eye lens and 0.24 (CM) and 0.25 (TM) μGy/mAs for the thyroid gland. Higher organ doses were observed during TM compared to CM as the automatic exposure control (AEC) system resulted in greater total mAs values in TM.
PMID: 30472811 [PubMed...

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Health-Related Complications of Acromegaly—Risk of Malignant Neoplasms
Marek Ruchala*† and Kosma Wolinski†
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
The issue of increased risk of benign and malignant neoplasms in patients with acromegaly remains the topic of debate from many years and was addressed by numerous studies. Many of them have shown increase in the cancer incidence. Among particular types of malignancies, thyroid, colorectal, and breast cancer are most commonly indicated as associated with acromegaly. Single ...

Discussion: Our results demonstrated that cancer risk was not increased in our MS population; but age and sex different distribution may partly drive cancer risk. Higher cancer risk in MS patients switching more than two DMTs should take into account in treatment decision making.
Introduction
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a severe acquired autoimmune neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with extremely variable disease course, that usually affects persons in their third/four decades of life, even if late onset is described (1). Women had a prevalence/incidence rate approximately double than men (...

From time to time I have commented on the controversies over cancer screening. Most people assume that screening is an unqualified good, that early detection of cancer saves lives. Whenever some panel proposes recommending less screening, we hear screaming and yelling from advocates who claim they are trying to " ration " health care to save money at the expense of people's lives.In fact,as a bunch of Australians and a Minnesotan explain in BMJ, there are a few conditions called " cancer " that you are better off not treating, or perhaps treating very conservatively. These include what is called ductal ...

The problem of overdiagnosis in cancer screening has been hotly debated for...Read more on AuntMinnie.comRelated Reading:
People want cancer screening, despite pitfalls
How serious is the risk of breast cancer overdiagnosis?
Is the mammography debate an example of 'fake science'?
Women still value mammography's benefits over 'harms'
Why is thyroid cancer being overdiagnosed in Canada?

Endomag, a medical technology company based in Cambridge, UK and Austin, Texas, has developed the Magseed, a magnetic injectable marker that can be implanted by a radiologist during an imaging procedure, such as during ultrasound or X-ray mammographi...

Recently in JAMA," ...a research letter... explores howsocial interactions with friends, family and colleagues who have been diagnosed with breast cancer may affect a physician ’s recommendations to patients. "What it found was that a doctor's personal experiences impact what they recommend for their patients. They did not necessarily follow the current guidelines. " Physicians familiar with someone with a poor prognosis who was not diagnosed via screening were much more likely to recommend routine checks for women between 40 and 44 years old and those over 75. "“Describing a woman whos...

CONCLUSION: Functional thyroid disorders were not related to MD. However, MD was lower in women with goiter and higher in those reporting Hashimoto's thyroiditis. These relationships should be confirmed in future studies.
PMID: 28456099 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Conclusion We determined that ultrasound findings of round, oval or lobulated shape, accentuating posterior echoes and expansively growing pattern could predict the presence of high TILs. Thus, the safe, low-cost, and radiation-free ultrasound examination was recommended for predicting high TILs and prognosis.Citation Format: Birrell SN, Birrell ND. An open labelled longitudinal evaluation of a subcutaneous combination of testosterone and anastrozole in pre-menopausal women with high volumetric mammographic breast density [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Ninth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; ...