Stratfor Eurasia Analyst Eugene Chausovsky examines the Caspian Sea's large energy reserves and its conflicting maritime boundaries.
About Stratfor:
Stratfor brings global events into valuable perspective, empowering businesses, governments and individuals to more confidently navigate their way through an increasingly complex international environment. For individual and enterprise subscriptions to Stratfor Worldview, our online publication, visit us at: https://worldview.stratfor.com/
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Download the All New Mobile App for Stratfor. You can also download Stratfor Worldview Content in the App for offline viewing.
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To subscribe to Stratfor Worldview, click here: https://worldview.stratfor.com/subscribe
Join Stratfor Worldview to cut through the noise and make sense of an increasingly complicated world.
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published:19 May 2014

views:168044

Mysterious, shrouded in legends and tales Sabayil castle is of particular interest because it is located directly under the water, 350 meters from the shore, and often for this reason is called the Atlantis of the Caspian Sea. It was constructed on a rocky island in the Baylovskoy Bay by Shirvanshah Fariburz III, in 1235. In 1306, the fortress went into the water because of the strong earthquake in the south of the Caspian Sea and the dramatic rise of the sea level. It was only in the early 18th century, when the Caspian Sea retreated, that the island resurfaced. The mystery of Bayil castle has intrigued the scientists, travellers, researchers and archaeologists who have visited Baku over the centuries.
More information: http://www.visions.az/baku,177/
Disclaimer: In the comment section, make sure you dont spam and dont use inappropriate language.

published:01 Nov 2010

views:25607

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - In the previous three episodes of the History of Islam, we described the first three Caliphs and their characteristics. We also discussed their most notable accomplishments and the ways in which they ruled the Caliphate. Abu Bakr, the wise community leader and the founder of the Caliphate, had died from a fever. Umar, the military thinker and the founder of Islamic jurisprudence, was stabbed in the stomach by a mentally disturbed Sassanid slave. And Uthman, the merchant, and the builder, was beaten to death in his study room by fellow Muslims. It was then Ali’s turn as Caliph, making him the fourth to take the title. However, Ali’s future looked bleak at best.
Ever since the dispute between Ali and Abu Bakr over the succession of Muhammad, which we discussed in Part 1, Ali had gained a fiercely loyal following. And despite Ali’s allegiance and loyalty to the first three Caliphs, a large group of Muslims still considered Ali as the only chosen and legitimate successor of Muhammad.
According to Shia scholars, during the rule of the previous Caliphs, Ali’s family was harassed, a portion of their property was seized, and one instance even resulted in the miscarriage and death of his wife Fatima. However, Sunni scholars say that the allegations regarding the seized property were made-up and that the miscarriage and death of Fatima was an accident. What we know for certain is that, despite everything, Ali remained a strong supporter of unity amongst Muslims and continued to advise the Caliphs on a variety of political and religious subjects. For example, Ali advised Caliph Umar to set the First Hijra, the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, as the beginning of the Islamic lunar calendar.
In his spare time, Ali held sermons and lectures. Over the years, he gained more and more followers, until eventually they became known as the Party of Ali, or the Partisans for short, which in Arabic translates to the Shiites. The Partisans had proclaimed their leader as the Imam. If the mainstream Sunni Muslim community had the Caliph, then the Shiites had the Imam. Therefore, the meaning of Imam is different for Sunni and Shia Muslims. Aside from this difference of titles, there were no cultural or religious differences between Muslims at the time, and there were no sects, cults or branches. More importantly, there was no schism - at least, not in the beginning or in the open.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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published:01 Nov 2015

views:122752

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. It is in an endorheic basin (it has no outflows) located between Europe and Asia. It is bounded to the northeast by Kazakhstan, to the northwest by Russia, to the west by Azerbaijan, to the south by Iran, and to the southeast by Turkmenistan.
Subscribe to http://www.youtube.com/c/Aktau-info channel and watch a lot of interesting information on the website http://aktau-info.com/

published:09 Aug 2016

views:30564

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - In the first part of the History of Islam, we discussed the succession to Muhammad and the birth of the Caliphate under the leadership of Abu Bakr. The formation of the Caliphate was not easy, and the newly elected Caliph faced a secessionist rebellion throughout Arabia. He overcame the rebellion, but his reign lasted for only two years. Before Abu Bakr’s death, however, he nominated his trusted military advisor Umar as a candidate for the Caliph. The ‘Ummah’ and the council of elders were stunned because Abu Bakr and Umar could not have been more different.
Abu Bakr was the wise and modest grandfather type of person. He dressed simply and he lived simply. He accumulated no wealth and made every decision together with the council of elders. As the Caliph, he received only a very small salary; in fact, Abu Bakr continued his trading business just to get by. Sometimes he even milked his neighbors’ cows for extra cash. For all of his modesty and humility, he was greatly respected.
Umar, on the other hand, was known as a brawler and a drinker prior to his conversion to Islam. He had a notorious temper and intimidated the people around him with his great height. So, the council wasn’t convinced that Umar was the right person for the office. Then, in the heat of the debate, Ali stepped forward and endorsed Umar. This tipped the scale of the debate; Umar was elected as the new Caliph.
Over the next ten years, Umar would lead the Caliphate. He would conquer the lands of Persia, Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Egypt, and he would give Islamic civilization its own unique identity. Umar was a theologian as influential as Saint Paul, and he was a statesman and a patron of philosophy, much like Lorenzo de' Medici. But Umar was also a social reformer, like Karl Marx, and a military thinker equal to Napoleon. Any of these achievements would have earned him a place in history, but when most people speak of Umar, all they know is that he was the second Caliph.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
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published:07 Jun 2015

views:150235

Support CaspianReport on Patreon:
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BAKU - Over the weekend, on the night between December 1st and 2nd, an unidentified aircraft fired five missiles at a military position that was undergoing renovations in the Damascus province in Syria. Two of the missiles were intercepted but the airstrike still caused substantial damage. Although Israel did not take responsibility for the airstrike, no one has any illusions about the identity of the warplanes that conducted the attack. Likewise, no one has misconceptions about the purpose of the Iranian base that was bombed. The sequence of events shows that the Israeli and Iranian rivalry is entering a new phase. The two are in fact waging a war by other means.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Follow CaspianReport on social media.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
Twitter: https://twitter.com/caspianreport

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
In the 14th century a Muslim historian named Ibn Khaldun wrote about the pattern of history. Farmers would build irrigation systems supporting villages and towns. Later some warrior would bring these towns under his rule and form a united political entity, like a kingdom or an empire. Then a tribe of nomads would come along and conquer the kingdom, seize all the holdings and settle in their place and further expand the new empire. As time went by the nomads would assimilate and become soft city dwellers. Exactly the kind of people they had conquered and at this point another tribe of nomads would come along and conquer them and take their empire. Conquest, consolidation, expansion, degeneration and conquest, this was the pattern of history.
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
Facebook:
https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
Twitter:
https://twitter.com/caspianreport
LiveLeak:
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published:29 Aug 2012

views:1848089

Sapiens: http://amzn.to/2jDMBRv (affiliate)
Kindle: http://amzn.to/2funbky (affiliate)
Homo Deus: http://amzn.to/2fuRp7c (affiliate)
Kindle: http://amzn.to/2woj3wR (affiliate)
Or, use "caspia-20" as the promo-code in the Amazon store.
Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
Dr. Yuval Noah Harari playlist:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLfc2WtGuVPdmhYaQjd449k-YeY71fiaFp
BAKU - The last 100,000 years have been good for humankind. All around us, even in the poorest of nations, humans have made remarkable advances in proficiency and ability. The accomplishments have been the subject of many books. Yet, very few sources delve into the origins and anthropology of where we come from and what shaped our identities.
Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind by Yuval Noah Harari seeks to explore these questions and introduces us to the dominant species on Earth, the homo sapiens.
Soundtrack:
Decisions by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Follow CaspianReport on social media.
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published:19 Sep 2017

views:41059

Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted for the centuries. In fact these military campaigns outlasted the empires themselves. Both the Roman and Parthian Empires reformed and were replaced by the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires, respectively. These two new superpowers continued their territorial disputes and military confrontations for centuries. But the Sassanids and Byzantines also had various proxy wars, in which they attempted to start rebellions in the opponent's holdings. One example of this was the Byzantine client state the Ghassanids and the Sassanid client state the Lakhmids. These client states served as a buffer zone against the SouthernArab raiders. And both these client states were Arab in origin, but the Ghassanids were Christian Arabs whereas the Lakhmids aimed to unite all the Arabs under one kingdom. In fact the last independent ruler of the Lakhmids, Imru' al-Qais, claimed the title of "King of all the Arabs." This vision of Arab unity would not be realized for centuries, until the rise of Islam and the consolidation of the Rashidun Caliphate, in 632. Once the caliphate was established the Lakhmids were quick to join their Arab brethren. But this made the Sassanids very anxious, as they had lost their buffer zone and client state. And so the Sassanid rulers decided to stir up rebellions in the region. These provocations lead to the declaration of a Jihad against the Sassanid Persian Empire by Caliph Umar. At the time this seemed like an ant declaring war against a lion. That is how the Persians mistakenly perceived it.
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History

Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.

History (from Greekἱστορία, historia, meaning "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation") is the study of the past, particularly how it relates to humans. It is an umbrella term that relates to past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of information about these events. Scholars who write about history are called historians. Events occurring prior to written record are considered prehistory.

History can also refer to the academic discipline which uses a narrative to examine and analyse a sequence of past events, and objectively determine the patterns of cause and effect that determine them. Historians sometimes debate the nature of history and its usefulness by discussing the study of the discipline as an end in itself and as a way of providing "perspective" on the problems of the present.

Stories common to a particular culture, but not supported by external sources (such as the tales surrounding King Arthur), are usually classified as cultural heritage or legends, because they do not show the "disinterested investigation" required of the discipline of history.Herodotus, a 5th-century BC Greek historian is considered within the Western tradition to be the "father of history", and, along with his contemporary Thucydides, helped form the foundations for the modern study of human history. Their works continue to be read today, and the gap between the culture-focused Herodotus and the military-focused Thucydides remains a point of contention or approach in modern historical writing. In Asia, a state chronicle, the Spring and Autumn Annals was known to be compiled from as early as 722 BC although only 2nd century BC texts survived.

Creative Commons

Creative Commons (CC) is a non-profit organization devoted to expanding the range of creative works available for others to build upon legally and to share. The organization has released several copyright-licenses known as Creative Commons licenses free of charge to the public. These licenses allow creators to communicate which rights they reserve, and which rights they waive for the benefit of recipients or other creators. An easy-to-understand one-page explanation of rights, with associated visual symbols, explains the specifics of each Creative Commons license. Creative Commons licenses do not replace copyright, but are based upon it. They replace individual negotiations for specific rights between copyright owner (licensor) and licensee, which are necessary under an "all rights reserved" copyright management, with a "some rights reserved" management employing standardized licenses for re-use cases where no commercial compensation is sought by the copyright owner. The result is an agile, low-overhead and low-cost copyright-management regime, profiting both copyright owners and licensees. Wikipedia uses one of these licenses.

The sea has a surface area of 371,000km2 (143,200sqmi) (not including its detached lagoon of Garabogazköl Aylagy) and a volume of 78,200km3 (18,800cumi). It has a salinity of approximately 1.2% (12 g/l), about a third of the salinity of most seawater.

Etymology

The word Caspian is derived from the name of the Caspi, an ancient people who lived to the south-west of the sea in Transcaucasia.Strabo wrote that "to the country of the Albanians belongs also the territory called Caspiane, which was named after the Caspian tribe, as was also the sea; but the tribe has now disappeared". Moreover, the Caspian Gates, which is the name of a region in Iran's Tehran province, possibly indicates that they migrated to the south of the sea. The Iranian city of Qazvin shares the root of its name with that of the sea. In fact, the traditional Arabic name for the sea itself is Bahr al-Qazwin (Sea of Qazvin).

The Strategic Importance of the Caspian Sea

Stratfor Eurasia Analyst Eugene Chausovsky examines the Caspian Sea's large energy reserves and its conflicting maritime boundaries.
About Stratfor:
Stratfor brings global events into valuable perspective, empowering businesses, governments and individuals to more confidently navigate their way through an increasingly complex international environment. For individual and enterprise subscriptions to Stratfor Worldview, our online publication, visit us at: https://worldview.stratfor.com/
And make sure to connect with Stratfor on social media:
Twitter: https://twitter.com/stratfor
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Learn more about Stratfor here: https://www.Stratfor.com
Get the latest company news here: https://marcom.stratfor.com/horizons
Or review and purchase our longform reports on geopolitics here: https://marcom.stratfor.com/horizons
And listen to the Stratfor podcast for free here:
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Download the All New Mobile App for Stratfor. You can also download Stratfor Worldview Content in the App for offline viewing.
Free Download for iOS (from Apple App Store): http://bit.ly/Statfor_Mobile_App_for_Apple_Devices
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To subscribe to Stratfor Worldview, click here: https://worldview.stratfor.com/subscribe
Join Stratfor Worldview to cut through the noise and make sense of an increasingly complicated world.
Membership to Stratfor Worldview includes:
Unrestricted access to Stratfor Worldview's latest insights, podcasts, videos, and more.
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My Collections - your personal library of Stratfor insights saved for later reading.
Discounts to our long-form reports on the Stratfor Store.

6:31

Atlantis of the Caspian Sea

Atlantis of the Caspian Sea

Atlantis of the Caspian Sea

Mysterious, shrouded in legends and tales Sabayil castle is of particular interest because it is located directly under the water, 350 meters from the shore, and often for this reason is called the Atlantis of the Caspian Sea. It was constructed on a rocky island in the Baylovskoy Bay by Shirvanshah Fariburz III, in 1235. In 1306, the fortress went into the water because of the strong earthquake in the south of the Caspian Sea and the dramatic rise of the sea level. It was only in the early 18th century, when the Caspian Sea retreated, that the island resurfaced. The mystery of Bayil castle has intrigued the scientists, travellers, researchers and archaeologists who have visited Baku over the centuries.
More information: http://www.visions.az/baku,177/
Disclaimer: In the comment section, make sure you dont spam and dont use inappropriate language.

21:20

History of Islam, Part 4 of 5: Partisans of Ali

History of Islam, Part 4 of 5: Partisans of Ali

History of Islam, Part 4 of 5: Partisans of Ali

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - In the previous three episodes of the History of Islam, we described the first three Caliphs and their characteristics. We also discussed their most notable accomplishments and the ways in which they ruled the Caliphate. Abu Bakr, the wise community leader and the founder of the Caliphate, had died from a fever. Umar, the military thinker and the founder of Islamic jurisprudence, was stabbed in the stomach by a mentally disturbed Sassanid slave. And Uthman, the merchant, and the builder, was beaten to death in his study room by fellow Muslims. It was then Ali’s turn as Caliph, making him the fourth to take the title. However, Ali’s future looked bleak at best.
Ever since the dispute between Ali and Abu Bakr over the succession of Muhammad, which we discussed in Part 1, Ali had gained a fiercely loyal following. And despite Ali’s allegiance and loyalty to the first three Caliphs, a large group of Muslims still considered Ali as the only chosen and legitimate successor of Muhammad.
According to Shia scholars, during the rule of the previous Caliphs, Ali’s family was harassed, a portion of their property was seized, and one instance even resulted in the miscarriage and death of his wife Fatima. However, Sunni scholars say that the allegations regarding the seized property were made-up and that the miscarriage and death of Fatima was an accident. What we know for certain is that, despite everything, Ali remained a strong supporter of unity amongst Muslims and continued to advise the Caliphs on a variety of political and religious subjects. For example, Ali advised Caliph Umar to set the First Hijra, the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, as the beginning of the Islamic lunar calendar.
In his spare time, Ali held sermons and lectures. Over the years, he gained more and more followers, until eventually they became known as the Party of Ali, or the Partisans for short, which in Arabic translates to the Shiites. The Partisans had proclaimed their leader as the Imam. If the mainstream Sunni Muslim community had the Caliph, then the Shiites had the Imam. Therefore, the meaning of Imam is different for Sunni and Shia Muslims. Aside from this difference of titles, there were no cultural or religious differences between Muslims at the time, and there were no sects, cults or branches. More importantly, there was no schism - at least, not in the beginning or in the open.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
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18:35

Caspian Sea documentary

Caspian Sea documentary

Caspian Sea documentary

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. It is in an endorheic basin (it has no outflows) located between Europe and Asia. It is bounded to the northeast by Kazakhstan, to the northwest by Russia, to the west by Azerbaijan, to the south by Iran, and to the southeast by Turkmenistan.
Subscribe to http://www.youtube.com/c/Aktau-info channel and watch a lot of interesting information on the website http://aktau-info.com/

23:57

History of Islam, Part 2 of 5: Conquests of Umar

History of Islam, Part 2 of 5: Conquests of Umar

History of Islam, Part 2 of 5: Conquests of Umar

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - In the first part of the History of Islam, we discussed the succession to Muhammad and the birth of the Caliphate under the leadership of Abu Bakr. The formation of the Caliphate was not easy, and the newly elected Caliph faced a secessionist rebellion throughout Arabia. He overcame the rebellion, but his reign lasted for only two years. Before Abu Bakr’s death, however, he nominated his trusted military advisor Umar as a candidate for the Caliph. The ‘Ummah’ and the council of elders were stunned because Abu Bakr and Umar could not have been more different.
Abu Bakr was the wise and modest grandfather type of person. He dressed simply and he lived simply. He accumulated no wealth and made every decision together with the council of elders. As the Caliph, he received only a very small salary; in fact, Abu Bakr continued his trading business just to get by. Sometimes he even milked his neighbors’ cows for extra cash. For all of his modesty and humility, he was greatly respected.
Umar, on the other hand, was known as a brawler and a drinker prior to his conversion to Islam. He had a notorious temper and intimidated the people around him with his great height. So, the council wasn’t convinced that Umar was the right person for the office. Then, in the heat of the debate, Ali stepped forward and endorsed Umar. This tipped the scale of the debate; Umar was elected as the new Caliph.
Over the next ten years, Umar would lead the Caliphate. He would conquer the lands of Persia, Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Egypt, and he would give Islamic civilization its own unique identity. Umar was a theologian as influential as Saint Paul, and he was a statesman and a patron of philosophy, much like Lorenzo de' Medici. But Umar was also a social reformer, like Karl Marx, and a military thinker equal to Napoleon. Any of these achievements would have earned him a place in history, but when most people speak of Umar, all they know is that he was the second Caliph.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
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11:16

Israeli-Iranian proxy war

Israeli-Iranian proxy war

Israeli-Iranian proxy war

Support CaspianReport on Patreon:
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BAKU - Over the weekend, on the night between December 1st and 2nd, an unidentified aircraft fired five missiles at a military position that was undergoing renovations in the Damascus province in Syria. Two of the missiles were intercepted but the airstrike still caused substantial damage. Although Israel did not take responsibility for the airstrike, no one has any illusions about the identity of the warplanes that conducted the attack. Likewise, no one has misconceptions about the purpose of the Iranian base that was bombed. The sequence of events shows that the Israeli and Iranian rivalry is entering a new phase. The two are in fact waging a war by other means.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Follow CaspianReport on social media.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
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The Caspian Documentary 2015

11:59

Pre-Islamic history of the Middle East

Pre-Islamic history of the Middle East

Pre-Islamic history of the Middle East

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
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In the 14th century a Muslim historian named Ibn Khaldun wrote about the pattern of history. Farmers would build irrigation systems supporting villages and towns. Later some warrior would bring these towns under his rule and form a united political entity, like a kingdom or an empire. Then a tribe of nomads would come along and conquer the kingdom, seize all the holdings and settle in their place and further expand the new empire. As time went by the nomads would assimilate and become soft city dwellers. Exactly the kind of people they had conquered and at this point another tribe of nomads would come along and conquer them and take their empire. Conquest, consolidation, expansion, degeneration and conquest, this was the pattern of history.
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
Facebook:
https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
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https://twitter.com/caspianreport
LiveLeak:
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10:16

Review: Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari

Review: Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari

Review: Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari

Sapiens: http://amzn.to/2jDMBRv (affiliate)
Kindle: http://amzn.to/2funbky (affiliate)
Homo Deus: http://amzn.to/2fuRp7c (affiliate)
Kindle: http://amzn.to/2woj3wR (affiliate)
Or, use "caspia-20" as the promo-code in the Amazon store.
Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
Dr. Yuval Noah Harari playlist:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLfc2WtGuVPdmhYaQjd449k-YeY71fiaFp
BAKU - The last 100,000 years have been good for humankind. All around us, even in the poorest of nations, humans have made remarkable advances in proficiency and ability. The accomplishments have been the subject of many books. Yet, very few sources delve into the origins and anthropology of where we come from and what shaped our identities.
Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind by Yuval Noah Harari seeks to explore these questions and introduces us to the dominant species on Earth, the homo sapiens.
Soundtrack:
Decisions by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Follow CaspianReport on social media.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
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11:20

Islamic conquest of Persia

Islamic conquest of Persia

Islamic conquest of Persia

Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted for the centuries. In fact these military campaigns outlasted the empires themselves. Both the Roman and Parthian Empires reformed and were replaced by the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires, respectively. These two new superpowers continued their territorial disputes and military confrontations for centuries. But the Sassanids and Byzantines also had various proxy wars, in which they attempted to start rebellions in the opponent's holdings. One example of this was the Byzantine client state the Ghassanids and the Sassanid client state the Lakhmids. These client states served as a buffer zone against the SouthernArab raiders. And both these client states were Arab in origin, but the Ghassanids were Christian Arabs whereas the Lakhmids aimed to unite all the Arabs under one kingdom. In fact the last independent ruler of the Lakhmids, Imru' al-Qais, claimed the title of "King of all the Arabs." This vision of Arab unity would not be realized for centuries, until the rise of Islam and the consolidation of the Rashidun Caliphate, in 632. Once the caliphate was established the Lakhmids were quick to join their Arab brethren. But this made the Sassanids very anxious, as they had lost their buffer zone and client state. And so the Sassanid rulers decided to stir up rebellions in the region. These provocations lead to the declaration of a Jihad against the Sassanid Persian Empire by Caliph Umar. At the time this seemed like an ant declaring war against a lion. That is how the Persians mistakenly perceived it.
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History of Thailand's military junta

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SINGAPORE - As a country by the Gulf of Thailand and in the centre of Southeast Asia, the Kingdom of Thailand finds itself at the intersection of regional trading routes. Yet, despite its geopolitical value, the country has yet to establish a modern system of governance.
Since the 1930s, Thailand underwent 19 coup attempts, of which 12 were successful. To put it into perspective, that is one coup every four years. So, to understand the country’s cycle of revolutions, we must explore the past and go over the origins of the Thai military government.
Soundtrack:
CryptoKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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13:39

Origins of the Nile River dispute

Origins of the Nile River dispute

Origins of the Nile River dispute

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BAKU - In historic relation, Egypt has dominated the Nile River. In fact, it’s history, culture and national identity derives from the existence of the river. However, as a downstream nation, Egypt’s share of water is being challenged by upstream Ethiopia, which seeks to exploit its geographic virtue by the construction of hydroelectric power plants. Yet, the dispute over the Nile is not a recent occurrence. In fact, the historic struggle over water security in the Nile has shaped a distinct rivalry between Ethiopia and Egypt.
Soundtrack:
ComfortableMystery by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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14:56

Understanding the Chinese mindset

Understanding the Chinese mindset

Understanding the Chinese mindset

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SINGAPORE - In recent years, the government in Beijing has taken an offensive attitude in regard to the territorial claims in Asia. China has disputes in the south, east and west of the country. The pursuit of these geopolitical objectives has come at the expense of its neighbours.
However, we cannot pass everything off as Chinese expansionism since every dispute is unique in its origin. And, what may appear as aggressive posture by China, can be rationally explained by examining the country’s early-modern history that shaped the national mindset.
Soundtrack:
DreamsBecomeReal by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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13:21

Fake News, Part 1: Origins and evolution

Fake News, Part 1: Origins and evolution

Fake News, Part 1: Origins and evolution

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BAKU - Amid all the media outlets about fake news, it is easy to get carried away with sensationalist stories that are designed to inflame passions. However, fake news is not a recent phenomenon. In fact, it is as old as civilization and it has its roots in the mainstream distribution of the printing press.
Soundtrack:
DreamsBecomeReal BY Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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11:42

Recognition of Jerusalem as Israeli capital

Recognition of Jerusalem as Israeli capital

Recognition of Jerusalem as Israeli capital

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BAKU - PresidentTrump recognized Jerusalem as the capital of Israel on December 6th and directed the State Department to move the embassy there. The planning, funding and logistics won’t happen overnight, but the United States is the first country to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel.
Currently, emotions are running high, and opinions are clouded by the city’s theological heritage that often exaggerates any form of change as impending doom and destruction. Although the situation will not go apocalyptic, Trump’s decision has upending decades of American policy in one of the most contentious conflicts in the world.
Soundtrack:
DreamsBecomeReal by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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20:25

The Caspian Sea Monster

The Caspian Sea Monster

The Caspian Sea Monster

In August of 1967 an American spy satellite took sensational photographs. A huge unknown machine of 100 meters long and about 500 tons of weight, which looked like an aircraft, was flying over the Caspian Sea waters with more than 500 kilometers of speed. Pentagon analysts called this object "the Caspian sea monster". It was constructed to make the Soviet Union a naval superpower. Find out about the history of the Caspian sea monster's construction, checkouts and its rebirth today.

Origins of the Libyan civil war

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BAKU - Foreign intervention in Libya has plunged the country from one civil war into another. As of this writing, local jihadist forces have aligned with either al-Qaeda or ISIS and control substantial portions of territory. Meanwhile, three rival governments, backed by coalitions and militias struggle for control and legitimacy. In addition, the factions are aided by competing foreign powers.
The victor in the conflict will get to shape the nation and inherit the country’s 67 billion USD sovereign wealth. Yet, the geopolitical web of allegiances and interests has polarised the society. To make sense of the current circumstances we will go over the origins of the second Libyan civil war.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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11:32

A Short History of Islam: From Muhammad to ISIS

A Short History of Islam: From Muhammad to ISIS

A Short History of Islam: From Muhammad to ISIS

This is a brief history of islam and ISIL (ISIS). It explains a short history of Muhammad and ends in 2014 with the rise of ISIS. Check out the companion video here! https://youtu.be/M8pxIM4sW3Q
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I begin with the story of Muhammad and the first 4 Caliphs. Then I explain the Umayyad & Abbassid Caliphates. I finish with modern colonialization of Africa and the Middle East, touching on the background history of ISIL. I collaborated with Tristan from 'Step Back History' to make this video, and he kindly submitted vocals for the last few minutes about Iraq, Syria, and ISIS.
Major Sourcing From Karen Armstrong's, "Islam, A Short History"
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Another Couple good ones from ‘Step Back History’:
Why PoliticsMatters: The Colfax Massacre https://youtu.be/-RG87VayAdg
Spanish Flu Killed More People Than WW1 https://youtu.be/B6iuF6oOejI
For More on Islamic History, check out ‘CaspianReport’ Series https://youtu.be/no5RCHRbknk
Here is a snake eating bird’s eggs: https://youtu.be/uzHwsW5EVvw
Sources: Sources:
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi
Law And Power In The Islamic World, by Sami Zubaida
Muslim Internet Directory: http://www.2muslims.com/directory/Detailed/225505.shtml
A Short History Of Islam, by Karen Armstrong
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphate#Electing_or_appointing_a_Caliph
http://www.npr.org/2014/07/01/327199168/sunni-muslims-declare-a-caliphate-is-it-for-real
Crown By Glasshouse - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Mecca By Frans Geffels (fl. 1635–1671) - Own work, Yelkrokoyade, 2012/07/017, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Umayyad money By PHGCOM - Own work, photographed at British Museum, CC BY-SA 3.0, 7
Israeliflag By http://www.flickr.com/people/69061470@N05 - http://www.flickr.com/photos/government_press_office/7621028734/, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Iranianrev By Unknown - Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons by Tran_Quoc123 using CommonsHelper., CC BY-SA 3.0,
Mujahideen By Erwin Lux - Private collection; apparently a crop of this image at Flickr, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Iraqiinsurgents By Menendj - http://ar.wikipedia.org/, CC BY-SA 2.5,
Egypttarir By Jonathan Rashad - Flickr, CC BY2.0,
Arabspringflags By Lewa'a Alnasr -
Syrian protest By shamsnn - Flickr: Syrian Demonstration 30, CC BY
Syrian civil By Christiaan Triebert - Flickr: Azaz, Syria, CC BY 2.0,
Ali logo By Ibrahim ebi - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Abassid arch Heretiq CC BY-SA 3.0,
Seljuq logo By Mevlüt Kılıç - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Safavid logo By SodacanThis vector image was created with Inkscape. - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
You're free to use this song and monetize your video, but you must include the following in your video description:
At the Foot of the Sphinx by Twin Musicom is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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DesertCity by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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Expeditionary by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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Interloper by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
Please watch: "Why Didn't GermansJust GoAround the Berlin Wall?"
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-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

Hazrat musa Hazrat khizar Qisa Dastan

Hazrat musa Hazrat khizar Qisa Dastan
hazrat musa story in urdu,
hazrat musa story,
story of hazrat musa
history islam,
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history of islam in hindi language,
history of islam part 4,
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5:14

Luke Duggleby - Dagestan: The Land of Mountains

Luke Duggleby - Dagestan: The Land of Mountains

Luke Duggleby - Dagestan: The Land of Mountains

LukeDuggleby - history of travel to Dagestan". Located in the North Caucasus, bordering the Caspian Sea and a Republic of Russia, Dagestan is home to almost 3 million mostly muslim people. Ethnically very diverse, it is made up of several dozen ethnic groups and is Russia's most heterogeneous republic, where no ethnicity forms a majority. "
Finally completed my edit of work shot in the wonderful Dagestan, Russia. I spent just over 2 weeks traveling around the region visiting remote communities and generally having an awesome time. A special thanks to my good friends who made the trip so enjoyable Shamil Gadzhidadaev, Shamil Kadiev, Nariman Gafurov and many more. If anyone wants to get off the beaten track and meet some of the friendliest and most generous people I have ever met in my life GO!!
https://maptia.com/lukeduggleby/stories/dagestan-the-land-of-mountains

The Strategic Importance of the Caspian Sea

Stratfor Eurasia Analyst Eugene Chausovsky examines the Caspian Sea's large energy reserves and its conflicting maritime boundaries.
About Stratfor:
Stratfor brings global events into valuable perspective, empowering businesses, governments and individuals to more confidently navigate their way through an increasingly complex international environment. For individual and enterprise subscriptions to Stratfor Worldview, our online publication, visit us at: https://worldview.stratfor.com/
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published: 19 May 2014

Atlantis of the Caspian Sea

Mysterious, shrouded in legends and tales Sabayil castle is of particular interest because it is located directly under the water, 350 meters from the shore, and often for this reason is called the Atlantis of the Caspian Sea. It was constructed on a rocky island in the Baylovskoy Bay by Shirvanshah Fariburz III, in 1235. In 1306, the fortress went into the water because of the strong earthquake in the south of the Caspian Sea and the dramatic rise of the sea level. It was only in the early 18th century, when the Caspian Sea retreated, that the island resurfaced. The mystery of Bayil castle has intrigued the scientists, travellers, researchers and archaeologists who have visited Baku over the centuries.
More information: http://www.visions.az/baku,177/
Disclaimer: In the comment sec...

published: 01 Nov 2010

History of Islam, Part 4 of 5: Partisans of Ali

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BAKU - In the previous three episodes of the History of Islam, we described the first three Caliphs and their characteristics. We also discussed their most notable accomplishments and the ways in which they ruled the Caliphate. Abu Bakr, the wise community leader and the founder of the Caliphate, had died from a fever. Umar, the military thinker and the founder of Islamic jurisprudence, was stabbed in the stomach by a mentally disturbed Sassanid slave. And Uthman, the merchant, and the builder, was beaten to death in his study room by fellow Muslims. It was then Ali’s turn as Caliph, making him the fourth to take the title. However, Ali’s future looked bleak at best.
Ever since the dispute between Ali and Abu B...

published: 01 Nov 2015

Caspian Sea documentary

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. It is in an endorheic basin (it has no outflows) located between Europe and Asia. It is bounded to the northeast by Kazakhstan, to the northwest by Russia, to the west by Azerbaijan, to the south by Iran, and to the southeast by Turkmenistan.
Subscribe to http://www.youtube.com/c/Aktau-info channel and watch a lot of interesting information on the website http://aktau-info.com/

published: 09 Aug 2016

History of Islam, Part 2 of 5: Conquests of Umar

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BAKU - In the first part of the History of Islam, we discussed the succession to Muhammad and the birth of the Caliphate under the leadership of Abu Bakr. The formation of the Caliphate was not easy, and the newly elected Caliph faced a secessionist rebellion throughout Arabia. He overcame the rebellion, but his reign lasted for only two years. Before Abu Bakr’s death, however, he nominated his trusted military advisor Umar as a candidate for the Caliph. The ‘Ummah’ and the council of elders were stunned because Abu Bakr and Umar could not have been more different.
Abu Bakr was the wise and modest grandfather type of person. He dressed simply and he lived simply. He accumulated no wealth and made every decision...

published: 07 Jun 2015

Israeli-Iranian proxy war

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BAKU - Over the weekend, on the night between December 1st and 2nd, an unidentified aircraft fired five missiles at a military position that was undergoing renovations in the Damascus province in Syria. Two of the missiles were intercepted but the airstrike still caused substantial damage. Although Israel did not take responsibility for the airstrike, no one has any illusions about the identity of the warplanes that conducted the attack. Likewise, no one has misconceptions about the purpose of the Iranian base that was bombed. The sequence of events shows that the Israeli and Iranian rivalry is entering a new phase. The two are in fact waging a war by other means.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)...

The Caspian Documentary 2015

published: 03 Oct 2015

Pre-Islamic history of the Middle East

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In the 14th century a Muslim historian named Ibn Khaldun wrote about the pattern of history. Farmers would build irrigation systems supporting villages and towns. Later some warrior would bring these towns under his rule and form a united political entity, like a kingdom or an empire. Then a tribe of nomads would come along and conquer the kingdom, seize all the holdings and settle in their place and further expand the new empire. As time went by the nomads would assimilate and become soft city dwellers. Exactly the kind of people they had conquered and at this point another tribe of nomads would come along and conquer them and take their empire. Conquest, consolidation, expansion, degeneration and conquest, this...

published: 29 Aug 2012

Review: Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari

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BAKU - The last 100,000 years have been good for humankind. All around us, even in the poorest of nations, humans have made remarkable advances in proficiency and ability. The accomplishments have been the subject of many books. Yet, very few sources delve into the origins and anthropology of where we come from and what shaped our identities.
Sapiens: A Brief History of Hu...

published: 19 Sep 2017

Islamic conquest of Persia

Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted for the centuries. In fact these military campaigns outlasted the empires themselves. Both the Roman and Parthian Empires reformed and were replaced by the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires, respectively. These two new superpowers continued their territorial disputes and military confrontations for centuries. But the Sassanids and Byzantines also had various proxy wars, in which they attempted to start rebellions in the opponent's holdings. One example of this was the Byzantine client state the Ghassanids and the Sassanid client state the Lakhmids. These client states served as a buffer zone against the SouthernArab raiders. And both these client states were Arab in origin, but the Ghassanids were Chris...

Origins of the Nile River dispute

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BAKU - In historic relation, Egypt has dominated the Nile River. In fact, it’s history, culture and national identity derives from the existence of the river. However, as a downstream nation, Egypt’s share of water is being challenged by upstream Ethiopia, which seeks to exploit its geographic virtue by the construction of hydroelectric power plants. Yet, the dispute over the Nile is not a recent occurrence. In fact, the historic struggle over water security in the Nile has shaped a distinct rivalry between Ethiopia and Egypt.
Soundtrack:
ComfortableMystery by Kevin MacLeod...

published: 29 Jan 2018

Understanding the Chinese mindset

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SINGAPORE - In recent years, the government in Beijing has taken an offensive attitude in regard to the territorial claims in Asia. China has disputes in the south, east and west of the country. The pursuit of these geopolitical objectives has come at the expense of its neighbours.
However, we cannot pass everything off as Chinese expansionism since every dispute is unique in its origin. And, what may appear as aggressive posture by China, can be rationally explained by examining the country’s early-modern history that shaped the national mindset.
Soundtrack:
DreamsBecomeReal by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
F...

published: 11 Sep 2017

Fake News, Part 1: Origins and evolution

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BAKU - Amid all the media outlets about fake news, it is easy to get carried away with sensationalist stories that are designed to inflame passions. However, fake news is not a recent phenomenon. In fact, it is as old as civilization and it has its roots in the mainstream distribution of the printing press.
Soundtrack:
DreamsBecomeReal BY Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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published: 07 Feb 2018

Recognition of Jerusalem as Israeli capital

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BAKU - PresidentTrump recognized Jerusalem as the capital of Israel on December 6th and directed the State Department to move the embassy there. The planning, funding and logistics won’t happen overnight, but the United States is the first country to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel.
Currently, emotions are running high, and opinions are clouded by the city’s theological heritage that often exaggerates any form of change as impending doom and destruction. Although the situation will not go apocalyptic, Trump’s decision has upending decades of American policy in one of the most contentious conflicts in the world.
Soundtrack:
DreamsBecomeReal by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative C...

published: 19 Dec 2017

The Caspian Sea Monster

In August of 1967 an American spy satellite took sensational photographs. A huge unknown machine of 100 meters long and about 500 tons of weight, which looked like an aircraft, was flying over the Caspian Sea waters with more than 500 kilometers of speed. Pentagon analysts called this object "the Caspian sea monster". It was constructed to make the Soviet Union a naval superpower. Find out about the history of the Caspian sea monster's construction, checkouts and its rebirth today.

Origins of the Libyan civil war

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BAKU - Foreign intervention in Libya has plunged the country from one civil war into another. As of this writing, local jihadist forces have aligned with either al-Qaeda or ISIS and control substantial portions of territory. Meanwhile, three rival governments, backed by coalitions and militias struggle for control and legitimacy. In addition, the factions are aided by competing foreign powers.
The victor in the conflict will get to shape the nation and inherit the country’s 67 billion USD sovereign wealth. Yet, the geopolitical web of allegiances and interests has polarised the society. To make sense of the current circumstances we will go over the origins of the second Libyan civil war.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsK...

published: 07 Jun 2017

A Short History of Islam: From Muhammad to ISIS

This is a brief history of islam and ISIL (ISIS). It explains a short history of Muhammad and ends in 2014 with the rise of ISIS. Check out the companion video here! https://youtu.be/M8pxIM4sW3Q
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Hazrat musa Hazrat khizar Qisa Dastan

Hazrat musa Hazrat khizar Qisa Dastan
hazrat musa story in urdu,
hazrat musa story,
story of hazrat musa
history islam,
history islam in urdu,
history islam in hindi,
history islam documentary,
history islam india,
history islamic state,
history of islam,
history of islam in urdu,
crash course history islam,
history of islam in hindi language,
history of islam part 4,
islam history channel documentary,
history of islam in bangla,
history of islam in america,
history of islam in africa,
history of islam after muhammad,
history of islam in asia,
history of islam ali,
history of islam and christianity,
history of islam animation,
history of islam in australia,
history of islam in afghanistan,
a history of islam,
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history of islam bbc documentary,
history of islam in bangl...

published: 30 Aug 2016

Luke Duggleby - Dagestan: The Land of Mountains

LukeDuggleby - history of travel to Dagestan". Located in the North Caucasus, bordering the Caspian Sea and a Republic of Russia, Dagestan is home to almost 3 million mostly muslim people. Ethnically very diverse, it is made up of several dozen ethnic groups and is Russia's most heterogeneous republic, where no ethnicity forms a majority. "
Finally completed my edit of work shot in the wonderful Dagestan, Russia. I spent just over 2 weeks traveling around the region visiting remote communities and generally having an awesome time. A special thanks to my good friends who made the trip so enjoyable Shamil Gadzhidadaev, Shamil Kadiev, Nariman Gafurov and many more. If anyone wants to get off the beaten track and meet some of the friendliest and most generous people I have ever met in my life...

Atlantis of the Caspian Sea

Mysterious, shrouded in legends and tales Sabayil castle is of particular interest because it is located directly under the water, 350 meters from the shore, an...

Mysterious, shrouded in legends and tales Sabayil castle is of particular interest because it is located directly under the water, 350 meters from the shore, and often for this reason is called the Atlantis of the Caspian Sea. It was constructed on a rocky island in the Baylovskoy Bay by Shirvanshah Fariburz III, in 1235. In 1306, the fortress went into the water because of the strong earthquake in the south of the Caspian Sea and the dramatic rise of the sea level. It was only in the early 18th century, when the Caspian Sea retreated, that the island resurfaced. The mystery of Bayil castle has intrigued the scientists, travellers, researchers and archaeologists who have visited Baku over the centuries.
More information: http://www.visions.az/baku,177/
Disclaimer: In the comment section, make sure you dont spam and dont use inappropriate language.

Mysterious, shrouded in legends and tales Sabayil castle is of particular interest because it is located directly under the water, 350 meters from the shore, and often for this reason is called the Atlantis of the Caspian Sea. It was constructed on a rocky island in the Baylovskoy Bay by Shirvanshah Fariburz III, in 1235. In 1306, the fortress went into the water because of the strong earthquake in the south of the Caspian Sea and the dramatic rise of the sea level. It was only in the early 18th century, when the Caspian Sea retreated, that the island resurfaced. The mystery of Bayil castle has intrigued the scientists, travellers, researchers and archaeologists who have visited Baku over the centuries.
More information: http://www.visions.az/baku,177/
Disclaimer: In the comment section, make sure you dont spam and dont use inappropriate language.

History of Islam, Part 4 of 5: Partisans of Ali

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BAKU - In the previous three episodes of the History of Islam, we described the fi...

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BAKU - In the previous three episodes of the History of Islam, we described the first three Caliphs and their characteristics. We also discussed their most notable accomplishments and the ways in which they ruled the Caliphate. Abu Bakr, the wise community leader and the founder of the Caliphate, had died from a fever. Umar, the military thinker and the founder of Islamic jurisprudence, was stabbed in the stomach by a mentally disturbed Sassanid slave. And Uthman, the merchant, and the builder, was beaten to death in his study room by fellow Muslims. It was then Ali’s turn as Caliph, making him the fourth to take the title. However, Ali’s future looked bleak at best.
Ever since the dispute between Ali and Abu Bakr over the succession of Muhammad, which we discussed in Part 1, Ali had gained a fiercely loyal following. And despite Ali’s allegiance and loyalty to the first three Caliphs, a large group of Muslims still considered Ali as the only chosen and legitimate successor of Muhammad.
According to Shia scholars, during the rule of the previous Caliphs, Ali’s family was harassed, a portion of their property was seized, and one instance even resulted in the miscarriage and death of his wife Fatima. However, Sunni scholars say that the allegations regarding the seized property were made-up and that the miscarriage and death of Fatima was an accident. What we know for certain is that, despite everything, Ali remained a strong supporter of unity amongst Muslims and continued to advise the Caliphs on a variety of political and religious subjects. For example, Ali advised Caliph Umar to set the First Hijra, the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, as the beginning of the Islamic lunar calendar.
In his spare time, Ali held sermons and lectures. Over the years, he gained more and more followers, until eventually they became known as the Party of Ali, or the Partisans for short, which in Arabic translates to the Shiites. The Partisans had proclaimed their leader as the Imam. If the mainstream Sunni Muslim community had the Caliph, then the Shiites had the Imam. Therefore, the meaning of Imam is different for Sunni and Shia Muslims. Aside from this difference of titles, there were no cultural or religious differences between Muslims at the time, and there were no sects, cults or branches. More importantly, there was no schism - at least, not in the beginning or in the open.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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BAKU - In the previous three episodes of the History of Islam, we described the first three Caliphs and their characteristics. We also discussed their most notable accomplishments and the ways in which they ruled the Caliphate. Abu Bakr, the wise community leader and the founder of the Caliphate, had died from a fever. Umar, the military thinker and the founder of Islamic jurisprudence, was stabbed in the stomach by a mentally disturbed Sassanid slave. And Uthman, the merchant, and the builder, was beaten to death in his study room by fellow Muslims. It was then Ali’s turn as Caliph, making him the fourth to take the title. However, Ali’s future looked bleak at best.
Ever since the dispute between Ali and Abu Bakr over the succession of Muhammad, which we discussed in Part 1, Ali had gained a fiercely loyal following. And despite Ali’s allegiance and loyalty to the first three Caliphs, a large group of Muslims still considered Ali as the only chosen and legitimate successor of Muhammad.
According to Shia scholars, during the rule of the previous Caliphs, Ali’s family was harassed, a portion of their property was seized, and one instance even resulted in the miscarriage and death of his wife Fatima. However, Sunni scholars say that the allegations regarding the seized property were made-up and that the miscarriage and death of Fatima was an accident. What we know for certain is that, despite everything, Ali remained a strong supporter of unity amongst Muslims and continued to advise the Caliphs on a variety of political and religious subjects. For example, Ali advised Caliph Umar to set the First Hijra, the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, as the beginning of the Islamic lunar calendar.
In his spare time, Ali held sermons and lectures. Over the years, he gained more and more followers, until eventually they became known as the Party of Ali, or the Partisans for short, which in Arabic translates to the Shiites. The Partisans had proclaimed their leader as the Imam. If the mainstream Sunni Muslim community had the Caliph, then the Shiites had the Imam. Therefore, the meaning of Imam is different for Sunni and Shia Muslims. Aside from this difference of titles, there were no cultural or religious differences between Muslims at the time, and there were no sects, cults or branches. More importantly, there was no schism - at least, not in the beginning or in the open.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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Caspian Sea documentary

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. It is in an ...

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. It is in an endorheic basin (it has no outflows) located between Europe and Asia. It is bounded to the northeast by Kazakhstan, to the northwest by Russia, to the west by Azerbaijan, to the south by Iran, and to the southeast by Turkmenistan.
Subscribe to http://www.youtube.com/c/Aktau-info channel and watch a lot of interesting information on the website http://aktau-info.com/

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. It is in an endorheic basin (it has no outflows) located between Europe and Asia. It is bounded to the northeast by Kazakhstan, to the northwest by Russia, to the west by Azerbaijan, to the south by Iran, and to the southeast by Turkmenistan.
Subscribe to http://www.youtube.com/c/Aktau-info channel and watch a lot of interesting information on the website http://aktau-info.com/

History of Islam, Part 2 of 5: Conquests of Umar

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BAKU - In the first part of the History of Islam, we discussed the succession to M...

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BAKU - In the first part of the History of Islam, we discussed the succession to Muhammad and the birth of the Caliphate under the leadership of Abu Bakr. The formation of the Caliphate was not easy, and the newly elected Caliph faced a secessionist rebellion throughout Arabia. He overcame the rebellion, but his reign lasted for only two years. Before Abu Bakr’s death, however, he nominated his trusted military advisor Umar as a candidate for the Caliph. The ‘Ummah’ and the council of elders were stunned because Abu Bakr and Umar could not have been more different.
Abu Bakr was the wise and modest grandfather type of person. He dressed simply and he lived simply. He accumulated no wealth and made every decision together with the council of elders. As the Caliph, he received only a very small salary; in fact, Abu Bakr continued his trading business just to get by. Sometimes he even milked his neighbors’ cows for extra cash. For all of his modesty and humility, he was greatly respected.
Umar, on the other hand, was known as a brawler and a drinker prior to his conversion to Islam. He had a notorious temper and intimidated the people around him with his great height. So, the council wasn’t convinced that Umar was the right person for the office. Then, in the heat of the debate, Ali stepped forward and endorsed Umar. This tipped the scale of the debate; Umar was elected as the new Caliph.
Over the next ten years, Umar would lead the Caliphate. He would conquer the lands of Persia, Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Egypt, and he would give Islamic civilization its own unique identity. Umar was a theologian as influential as Saint Paul, and he was a statesman and a patron of philosophy, much like Lorenzo de' Medici. But Umar was also a social reformer, like Karl Marx, and a military thinker equal to Napoleon. Any of these achievements would have earned him a place in history, but when most people speak of Umar, all they know is that he was the second Caliph.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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BAKU - In the first part of the History of Islam, we discussed the succession to Muhammad and the birth of the Caliphate under the leadership of Abu Bakr. The formation of the Caliphate was not easy, and the newly elected Caliph faced a secessionist rebellion throughout Arabia. He overcame the rebellion, but his reign lasted for only two years. Before Abu Bakr’s death, however, he nominated his trusted military advisor Umar as a candidate for the Caliph. The ‘Ummah’ and the council of elders were stunned because Abu Bakr and Umar could not have been more different.
Abu Bakr was the wise and modest grandfather type of person. He dressed simply and he lived simply. He accumulated no wealth and made every decision together with the council of elders. As the Caliph, he received only a very small salary; in fact, Abu Bakr continued his trading business just to get by. Sometimes he even milked his neighbors’ cows for extra cash. For all of his modesty and humility, he was greatly respected.
Umar, on the other hand, was known as a brawler and a drinker prior to his conversion to Islam. He had a notorious temper and intimidated the people around him with his great height. So, the council wasn’t convinced that Umar was the right person for the office. Then, in the heat of the debate, Ali stepped forward and endorsed Umar. This tipped the scale of the debate; Umar was elected as the new Caliph.
Over the next ten years, Umar would lead the Caliphate. He would conquer the lands of Persia, Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Egypt, and he would give Islamic civilization its own unique identity. Umar was a theologian as influential as Saint Paul, and he was a statesman and a patron of philosophy, much like Lorenzo de' Medici. But Umar was also a social reformer, like Karl Marx, and a military thinker equal to Napoleon. Any of these achievements would have earned him a place in history, but when most people speak of Umar, all they know is that he was the second Caliph.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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Israeli-Iranian proxy war

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BAKU - Over the weekend, on the night between December 1st and 2nd, an unidentified air...

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BAKU - Over the weekend, on the night between December 1st and 2nd, an unidentified aircraft fired five missiles at a military position that was undergoing renovations in the Damascus province in Syria. Two of the missiles were intercepted but the airstrike still caused substantial damage. Although Israel did not take responsibility for the airstrike, no one has any illusions about the identity of the warplanes that conducted the attack. Likewise, no one has misconceptions about the purpose of the Iranian base that was bombed. The sequence of events shows that the Israeli and Iranian rivalry is entering a new phase. The two are in fact waging a war by other means.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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BAKU - Over the weekend, on the night between December 1st and 2nd, an unidentified aircraft fired five missiles at a military position that was undergoing renovations in the Damascus province in Syria. Two of the missiles were intercepted but the airstrike still caused substantial damage. Although Israel did not take responsibility for the airstrike, no one has any illusions about the identity of the warplanes that conducted the attack. Likewise, no one has misconceptions about the purpose of the Iranian base that was bombed. The sequence of events shows that the Israeli and Iranian rivalry is entering a new phase. The two are in fact waging a war by other means.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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In the 14th century a Muslim historian named Ibn Khaldun wrote about the pattern of history. Farmers would build irrigation systems supporting villages and towns. Later some warrior would bring these towns under his rule and form a united political entity, like a kingdom or an empire. Then a tribe of nomads would come along and conquer the kingdom, seize all the holdings and settle in their place and further expand the new empire. As time went by the nomads would assimilate and become soft city dwellers. Exactly the kind of people they had conquered and at this point another tribe of nomads would come along and conquer them and take their empire. Conquest, consolidation, expansion, degeneration and conquest, this was the pattern of history.
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In the 14th century a Muslim historian named Ibn Khaldun wrote about the pattern of history. Farmers would build irrigation systems supporting villages and towns. Later some warrior would bring these towns under his rule and form a united political entity, like a kingdom or an empire. Then a tribe of nomads would come along and conquer the kingdom, seize all the holdings and settle in their place and further expand the new empire. As time went by the nomads would assimilate and become soft city dwellers. Exactly the kind of people they had conquered and at this point another tribe of nomads would come along and conquer them and take their empire. Conquest, consolidation, expansion, degeneration and conquest, this was the pattern of history.
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BAKU - The last 100,000 years have been good for humankind. All around us, even in the poorest of nations, humans have made remarkable advances in proficiency and ability. The accomplishments have been the subject of many books. Yet, very few sources delve into the origins and anthropology of where we come from and what shaped our identities.
Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind by Yuval Noah Harari seeks to explore these questions and introduces us to the dominant species on Earth, the homo sapiens.
Soundtrack:
Decisions by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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BAKU - The last 100,000 years have been good for humankind. All around us, even in the poorest of nations, humans have made remarkable advances in proficiency and ability. The accomplishments have been the subject of many books. Yet, very few sources delve into the origins and anthropology of where we come from and what shaped our identities.
Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind by Yuval Noah Harari seeks to explore these questions and introduces us to the dominant species on Earth, the homo sapiens.
Soundtrack:
Decisions by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0
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Islamic conquest of Persia

Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted for the centuries. In fact these military campaigns outlasted the empi...

Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted for the centuries. In fact these military campaigns outlasted the empires themselves. Both the Roman and Parthian Empires reformed and were replaced by the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires, respectively. These two new superpowers continued their territorial disputes and military confrontations for centuries. But the Sassanids and Byzantines also had various proxy wars, in which they attempted to start rebellions in the opponent's holdings. One example of this was the Byzantine client state the Ghassanids and the Sassanid client state the Lakhmids. These client states served as a buffer zone against the SouthernArab raiders. And both these client states were Arab in origin, but the Ghassanids were Christian Arabs whereas the Lakhmids aimed to unite all the Arabs under one kingdom. In fact the last independent ruler of the Lakhmids, Imru' al-Qais, claimed the title of "King of all the Arabs." This vision of Arab unity would not be realized for centuries, until the rise of Islam and the consolidation of the Rashidun Caliphate, in 632. Once the caliphate was established the Lakhmids were quick to join their Arab brethren. But this made the Sassanids very anxious, as they had lost their buffer zone and client state. And so the Sassanid rulers decided to stir up rebellions in the region. These provocations lead to the declaration of a Jihad against the Sassanid Persian Empire by Caliph Umar. At the time this seemed like an ant declaring war against a lion. That is how the Persians mistakenly perceived it.
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Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted for the centuries. In fact these military campaigns outlasted the empires themselves. Both the Roman and Parthian Empires reformed and were replaced by the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires, respectively. These two new superpowers continued their territorial disputes and military confrontations for centuries. But the Sassanids and Byzantines also had various proxy wars, in which they attempted to start rebellions in the opponent's holdings. One example of this was the Byzantine client state the Ghassanids and the Sassanid client state the Lakhmids. These client states served as a buffer zone against the SouthernArab raiders. And both these client states were Arab in origin, but the Ghassanids were Christian Arabs whereas the Lakhmids aimed to unite all the Arabs under one kingdom. In fact the last independent ruler of the Lakhmids, Imru' al-Qais, claimed the title of "King of all the Arabs." This vision of Arab unity would not be realized for centuries, until the rise of Islam and the consolidation of the Rashidun Caliphate, in 632. Once the caliphate was established the Lakhmids were quick to join their Arab brethren. But this made the Sassanids very anxious, as they had lost their buffer zone and client state. And so the Sassanid rulers decided to stir up rebellions in the region. These provocations lead to the declaration of a Jihad against the Sassanid Persian Empire by Caliph Umar. At the time this seemed like an ant declaring war against a lion. That is how the Persians mistakenly perceived it.
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SINGAPORE - As a country by the Gulf of Thailand and in the centre of Southeast Asia, the Kingdom of Thailand finds itself at the intersection of regional trading routes. Yet, despite its geopolitical value, the country has yet to establish a modern system of governance.
Since the 1930s, Thailand underwent 19 coup attempts, of which 12 were successful. To put it into perspective, that is one coup every four years. So, to understand the country’s cycle of revolutions, we must explore the past and go over the origins of the Thai military government.
Soundtrack:
CryptoKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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SINGAPORE - As a country by the Gulf of Thailand and in the centre of Southeast Asia, the Kingdom of Thailand finds itself at the intersection of regional trading routes. Yet, despite its geopolitical value, the country has yet to establish a modern system of governance.
Since the 1930s, Thailand underwent 19 coup attempts, of which 12 were successful. To put it into perspective, that is one coup every four years. So, to understand the country’s cycle of revolutions, we must explore the past and go over the origins of the Thai military government.
Soundtrack:
CryptoKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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Bitcoin: 1MwRNXWWqzbmsHova7FMW11zPftVZVUfbU
Ether: 0xfE4c310ccb6f52f9D220F25Ce76Dec0493dF9aA0
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BAKU - In historic relation, Egypt has dominated the Nile River. In fact, it’s history, culture and national identity derives from the existence of the river. However, as a downstream nation, Egypt’s share of water is being challenged by upstream Ethiopia, which seeks to exploit its geographic virtue by the construction of hydroelectric power plants. Yet, the dispute over the Nile is not a recent occurrence. In fact, the historic struggle over water security in the Nile has shaped a distinct rivalry between Ethiopia and Egypt.
Soundtrack:
ComfortableMystery by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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Bitcoin: 1MwRNXWWqzbmsHova7FMW11zPftVZVUfbU
Ether: 0xfE4c310ccb6f52f9D220F25Ce76Dec0493dF9aA0
Bitcoin Cash: 1BKLti4Wq4EK9fsBnYWC91caK7NZfUhNw9
BAKU - In historic relation, Egypt has dominated the Nile River. In fact, it’s history, culture and national identity derives from the existence of the river. However, as a downstream nation, Egypt’s share of water is being challenged by upstream Ethiopia, which seeks to exploit its geographic virtue by the construction of hydroelectric power plants. Yet, the dispute over the Nile is not a recent occurrence. In fact, the historic struggle over water security in the Nile has shaped a distinct rivalry between Ethiopia and Egypt.
Soundtrack:
ComfortableMystery by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Follow CaspianReport on social media.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
Twitter: https://twitter.com/caspianreport

Understanding the Chinese mindset

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
SINGAPORE - In recent years, the government in Beijing has taken an offensive atti...

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
SINGAPORE - In recent years, the government in Beijing has taken an offensive attitude in regard to the territorial claims in Asia. China has disputes in the south, east and west of the country. The pursuit of these geopolitical objectives has come at the expense of its neighbours.
However, we cannot pass everything off as Chinese expansionism since every dispute is unique in its origin. And, what may appear as aggressive posture by China, can be rationally explained by examining the country’s early-modern history that shaped the national mindset.
Soundtrack:
DreamsBecomeReal by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Follow CaspianReport on social media.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
Twitter: https://twitter.com/caspianreport

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
SINGAPORE - In recent years, the government in Beijing has taken an offensive attitude in regard to the territorial claims in Asia. China has disputes in the south, east and west of the country. The pursuit of these geopolitical objectives has come at the expense of its neighbours.
However, we cannot pass everything off as Chinese expansionism since every dispute is unique in its origin. And, what may appear as aggressive posture by China, can be rationally explained by examining the country’s early-modern history that shaped the national mindset.
Soundtrack:
DreamsBecomeReal by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Follow CaspianReport on social media.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
Twitter: https://twitter.com/caspianreport

Support CaspianReport on Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
Bitcoin: 1MwRNXWWqzbmsHova7FMW11zPftVZVUfbU
Ether: 0xfE4c310ccb6f52f9D220F25Ce76Dec0493dF9aA0
Bitcoin Cash: 1BKLti4Wq4EK9fsBnYWC91caK7NZfUhNw9
BAKU - Amid all the media outlets about fake news, it is easy to get carried away with sensationalist stories that are designed to inflame passions. However, fake news is not a recent phenomenon. In fact, it is as old as civilization and it has its roots in the mainstream distribution of the printing press.
Soundtrack:
DreamsBecomeReal BY Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Follow CaspianReport on social media.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
Twitter: https://twitter.com/caspianreport

Support CaspianReport on Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
Bitcoin: 1MwRNXWWqzbmsHova7FMW11zPftVZVUfbU
Ether: 0xfE4c310ccb6f52f9D220F25Ce76Dec0493dF9aA0
Bitcoin Cash: 1BKLti4Wq4EK9fsBnYWC91caK7NZfUhNw9
BAKU - Amid all the media outlets about fake news, it is easy to get carried away with sensationalist stories that are designed to inflame passions. However, fake news is not a recent phenomenon. In fact, it is as old as civilization and it has its roots in the mainstream distribution of the printing press.
Soundtrack:
DreamsBecomeReal BY Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Follow CaspianReport on social media.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
Twitter: https://twitter.com/caspianreport

Support CaspianReport on Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - PresidentTrump recognized Jerusalem as the capital of Israel on December 6th and directed the State Department to move the embassy there. The planning, funding and logistics won’t happen overnight, but the United States is the first country to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel.
Currently, emotions are running high, and opinions are clouded by the city’s theological heritage that often exaggerates any form of change as impending doom and destruction. Although the situation will not go apocalyptic, Trump’s decision has upending decades of American policy in one of the most contentious conflicts in the world.
Soundtrack:
DreamsBecomeReal by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Follow CaspianReport on social media.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
Twitter: https://twitter.com/caspianreport

Support CaspianReport on Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - PresidentTrump recognized Jerusalem as the capital of Israel on December 6th and directed the State Department to move the embassy there. The planning, funding and logistics won’t happen overnight, but the United States is the first country to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel.
Currently, emotions are running high, and opinions are clouded by the city’s theological heritage that often exaggerates any form of change as impending doom and destruction. Although the situation will not go apocalyptic, Trump’s decision has upending decades of American policy in one of the most contentious conflicts in the world.
Soundtrack:
DreamsBecomeReal by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Follow CaspianReport on social media.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
Twitter: https://twitter.com/caspianreport

The Caspian Sea Monster

In August of 1967 an American spy satellite took sensational photographs. A huge unknown machine of 100 meters long and about 500 tons of weight, which looked l...

In August of 1967 an American spy satellite took sensational photographs. A huge unknown machine of 100 meters long and about 500 tons of weight, which looked like an aircraft, was flying over the Caspian Sea waters with more than 500 kilometers of speed. Pentagon analysts called this object "the Caspian sea monster". It was constructed to make the Soviet Union a naval superpower. Find out about the history of the Caspian sea monster's construction, checkouts and its rebirth today.

In August of 1967 an American spy satellite took sensational photographs. A huge unknown machine of 100 meters long and about 500 tons of weight, which looked like an aircraft, was flying over the Caspian Sea waters with more than 500 kilometers of speed. Pentagon analysts called this object "the Caspian sea monster". It was constructed to make the Soviet Union a naval superpower. Find out about the history of the Caspian sea monster's construction, checkouts and its rebirth today.

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - Foreign intervention in Libya has plunged the country from one civil war into another. As of this writing, local jihadist forces have aligned with either al-Qaeda or ISIS and control substantial portions of territory. Meanwhile, three rival governments, backed by coalitions and militias struggle for control and legitimacy. In addition, the factions are aided by competing foreign powers.
The victor in the conflict will get to shape the nation and inherit the country’s 67 billion USD sovereign wealth. Yet, the geopolitical web of allegiances and interests has polarised the society. To make sense of the current circumstances we will go over the origins of the second Libyan civil war.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Follow CaspianReport on social media.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
Twitter: https://twitter.com/caspianreport

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - Foreign intervention in Libya has plunged the country from one civil war into another. As of this writing, local jihadist forces have aligned with either al-Qaeda or ISIS and control substantial portions of territory. Meanwhile, three rival governments, backed by coalitions and militias struggle for control and legitimacy. In addition, the factions are aided by competing foreign powers.
The victor in the conflict will get to shape the nation and inherit the country’s 67 billion USD sovereign wealth. Yet, the geopolitical web of allegiances and interests has polarised the society. To make sense of the current circumstances we will go over the origins of the second Libyan civil war.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Follow CaspianReport on social media.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
Twitter: https://twitter.com/caspianreport

A Short History of Islam: From Muhammad to ISIS

This is a brief history of islam and ISIL (ISIS). It explains a short history of Muhammad and ends in 2014 with the rise of ISIS. Check out the companion video ...

This is a brief history of islam and ISIL (ISIS). It explains a short history of Muhammad and ends in 2014 with the rise of ISIS. Check out the companion video here! https://youtu.be/M8pxIM4sW3Q
Support further explorations: patreon.com/theexploration
Get book, 'Islam: A ShortHistory' here (affiliate): http://amzn.to/2gloEJr
Get Audio Book 'The Crusades: The Authoritative History of the War for the Holy Land' (affiliate): http://amzn.to/2g68iWH
Check out Tristan's Channel Here! "Step Back History" https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxTdWpLJurbGlFMWOwXWG_A
"ISIS Are Not Good Muslims" (companion video): https://youtu.be/M8pxIM4sW3Q
My YouTube Setup (affiliate links):
Canon Rebel t5i: http://amzn.to/2h4UcmT
Rode mic Go: http://amzn.to/2h4ZsqF
BlueYeti: http://amzn.to/2g9iwGZ
Tripod: http://amzn.to/2h5qP6I
I begin with the story of Muhammad and the first 4 Caliphs. Then I explain the Umayyad & Abbassid Caliphates. I finish with modern colonialization of Africa and the Middle East, touching on the background history of ISIL. I collaborated with Tristan from 'Step Back History' to make this video, and he kindly submitted vocals for the last few minutes about Iraq, Syria, and ISIS.
Major Sourcing From Karen Armstrong's, "Islam, A Short History"
Share This Video ➜https://youtu.be/vIGSNRCTkQI
Click To Subscribe ➜ https://www.youtube.com/c/foxcousins?sub_confirmation=1
▼Twitter➜ https://twitter.com/williamcfox
Facebook➜ https://www.facebook.com/theexplorationyt
Watch Tristan’s Video! https://youtu.be/M8pxIM4sW3Q
Another Couple good ones from ‘Step Back History’:
Why PoliticsMatters: The Colfax Massacre https://youtu.be/-RG87VayAdg
Spanish Flu Killed More People Than WW1 https://youtu.be/B6iuF6oOejI
For More on Islamic History, check out ‘CaspianReport’ Series https://youtu.be/no5RCHRbknk
Here is a snake eating bird’s eggs: https://youtu.be/uzHwsW5EVvw
Sources: Sources:
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi
Law And Power In The Islamic World, by Sami Zubaida
Muslim Internet Directory: http://www.2muslims.com/directory/Detailed/225505.shtml
A Short History Of Islam, by Karen Armstrong
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphate#Electing_or_appointing_a_Caliph
http://www.npr.org/2014/07/01/327199168/sunni-muslims-declare-a-caliphate-is-it-for-real
Crown By Glasshouse - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Mecca By Frans Geffels (fl. 1635–1671) - Own work, Yelkrokoyade, 2012/07/017, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Umayyad money By PHGCOM - Own work, photographed at British Museum, CC BY-SA 3.0, 7
Israeliflag By http://www.flickr.com/people/69061470@N05 - http://www.flickr.com/photos/government_press_office/7621028734/, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Iranianrev By Unknown - Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons by Tran_Quoc123 using CommonsHelper., CC BY-SA 3.0,
Mujahideen By Erwin Lux - Private collection; apparently a crop of this image at Flickr, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Iraqiinsurgents By Menendj - http://ar.wikipedia.org/, CC BY-SA 2.5,
Egypttarir By Jonathan Rashad - Flickr, CC BY2.0,
Arabspringflags By Lewa'a Alnasr -
Syrian protest By shamsnn - Flickr: Syrian Demonstration 30, CC BY
Syrian civil By Christiaan Triebert - Flickr: Azaz, Syria, CC BY 2.0,
Ali logo By Ibrahim ebi - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Abassid arch Heretiq CC BY-SA 3.0,
Seljuq logo By Mevlüt Kılıç - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Safavid logo By SodacanThis vector image was created with Inkscape. - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
You're free to use this song and monetize your video, but you must include the following in your video description:
At the Foot of the Sphinx by Twin Musicom is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Artist: http://www.twinmusicom.org/
DesertCity by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100564
Artist: http://incompetech.com/
Expeditionary by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100436
Artist: http://incompetech.com/
Interloper by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100401
Artist: http://incompetech.com/
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
Please watch: "Why Didn't GermansJust GoAround the Berlin Wall?"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dOP0HQUTSo0
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

This is a brief history of islam and ISIL (ISIS). It explains a short history of Muhammad and ends in 2014 with the rise of ISIS. Check out the companion video here! https://youtu.be/M8pxIM4sW3Q
Support further explorations: patreon.com/theexploration
Get book, 'Islam: A ShortHistory' here (affiliate): http://amzn.to/2gloEJr
Get Audio Book 'The Crusades: The Authoritative History of the War for the Holy Land' (affiliate): http://amzn.to/2g68iWH
Check out Tristan's Channel Here! "Step Back History" https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxTdWpLJurbGlFMWOwXWG_A
"ISIS Are Not Good Muslims" (companion video): https://youtu.be/M8pxIM4sW3Q
My YouTube Setup (affiliate links):
Canon Rebel t5i: http://amzn.to/2h4UcmT
Rode mic Go: http://amzn.to/2h4ZsqF
BlueYeti: http://amzn.to/2g9iwGZ
Tripod: http://amzn.to/2h5qP6I
I begin with the story of Muhammad and the first 4 Caliphs. Then I explain the Umayyad & Abbassid Caliphates. I finish with modern colonialization of Africa and the Middle East, touching on the background history of ISIL. I collaborated with Tristan from 'Step Back History' to make this video, and he kindly submitted vocals for the last few minutes about Iraq, Syria, and ISIS.
Major Sourcing From Karen Armstrong's, "Islam, A Short History"
Share This Video ➜https://youtu.be/vIGSNRCTkQI
Click To Subscribe ➜ https://www.youtube.com/c/foxcousins?sub_confirmation=1
▼Twitter➜ https://twitter.com/williamcfox
Facebook➜ https://www.facebook.com/theexplorationyt
Watch Tristan’s Video! https://youtu.be/M8pxIM4sW3Q
Another Couple good ones from ‘Step Back History’:
Why PoliticsMatters: The Colfax Massacre https://youtu.be/-RG87VayAdg
Spanish Flu Killed More People Than WW1 https://youtu.be/B6iuF6oOejI
For More on Islamic History, check out ‘CaspianReport’ Series https://youtu.be/no5RCHRbknk
Here is a snake eating bird’s eggs: https://youtu.be/uzHwsW5EVvw
Sources: Sources:
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi
Law And Power In The Islamic World, by Sami Zubaida
Muslim Internet Directory: http://www.2muslims.com/directory/Detailed/225505.shtml
A Short History Of Islam, by Karen Armstrong
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphate#Electing_or_appointing_a_Caliph
http://www.npr.org/2014/07/01/327199168/sunni-muslims-declare-a-caliphate-is-it-for-real
Crown By Glasshouse - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Mecca By Frans Geffels (fl. 1635–1671) - Own work, Yelkrokoyade, 2012/07/017, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Umayyad money By PHGCOM - Own work, photographed at British Museum, CC BY-SA 3.0, 7
Israeliflag By http://www.flickr.com/people/69061470@N05 - http://www.flickr.com/photos/government_press_office/7621028734/, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Iranianrev By Unknown - Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons by Tran_Quoc123 using CommonsHelper., CC BY-SA 3.0,
Mujahideen By Erwin Lux - Private collection; apparently a crop of this image at Flickr, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Iraqiinsurgents By Menendj - http://ar.wikipedia.org/, CC BY-SA 2.5,
Egypttarir By Jonathan Rashad - Flickr, CC BY2.0,
Arabspringflags By Lewa'a Alnasr -
Syrian protest By shamsnn - Flickr: Syrian Demonstration 30, CC BY
Syrian civil By Christiaan Triebert - Flickr: Azaz, Syria, CC BY 2.0,
Ali logo By Ibrahim ebi - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Abassid arch Heretiq CC BY-SA 3.0,
Seljuq logo By Mevlüt Kılıç - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Safavid logo By SodacanThis vector image was created with Inkscape. - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
You're free to use this song and monetize your video, but you must include the following in your video description:
At the Foot of the Sphinx by Twin Musicom is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Artist: http://www.twinmusicom.org/
DesertCity by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100564
Artist: http://incompetech.com/
Expeditionary by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100436
Artist: http://incompetech.com/
Interloper by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100401
Artist: http://incompetech.com/
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
Please watch: "Why Didn't GermansJust GoAround the Berlin Wall?"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dOP0HQUTSo0
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

Hazrat musa Hazrat khizar Qisa Dastan

Hazrat musa Hazrat khizar Qisa Dastan
hazrat musa story in urdu,
hazrat musa story,
story of hazrat musa
history islam,
history islam in urdu,
history islam in ...

Hazrat musa Hazrat khizar Qisa Dastan
hazrat musa story in urdu,
hazrat musa story,
story of hazrat musa
history islam,
history islam in urdu,
history islam in hindi,
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history islam india,
history islamic state,
history of islam,
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crash course history islam,
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history of islam part 4,
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history channel islam empire of faith,
el islam history channel,
inside islam history channel full,
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islam war history,
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history of islam part 1

Hazrat musa Hazrat khizar Qisa Dastan
hazrat musa story in urdu,
hazrat musa story,
story of hazrat musa
history islam,
history islam in urdu,
history islam in hindi,
history islam documentary,
history islam india,
history islamic state,
history of islam,
history of islam in urdu,
crash course history islam,
history of islam in hindi language,
history of islam part 4,
islam history channel documentary,
history of islam in bangla,
history of islam in america,
history of islam in africa,
history of islam after muhammad,
history of islam in asia,
history of islam ali,
history of islam and christianity,
history of islam animation,
history of islam in australia,
history of islam in afghanistan,
a history of islam,
history of islam bbc,
history of islam bbc documentary,
history of islam in bangladesh,
history of islam by tariq jameel,
history of islam by zakir naik,
islam brief history,
inside islam history channel,
history of islam in china,
islam vs christianity history,
history of islam discovery channel,
history of islam caspian report,
history of islam for children,
islam history channel español,
history of shia islam documentary,
history of islam documentary in urdu,
history of islam in english,
history of islam in europe,
history of islam in egypt,
history of islam in ethiopia,
history channel islam empire of faith,
el islam history channel,
inside islam history channel full,
history of islam for kids,
history of islam full movie,
history of islam national geographic,
islam religion history in hindi,
history of islam history channel,
history of islam in tamil,
history of islam in urdu full,
history of islam in malayalam,
history of islam in the philippines,
history of jerusalem islam,
islam ki history,
history of islamic (literature subject),
islam history lecture,
history of islam prophet muhammad,
history of islam movie,
islam muhammad history,
history of islam in malaysia,
nation of islam history,
history of islam documentary,
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zdf history islam,
history of islam part 1

LukeDuggleby - history of travel to Dagestan". Located in the North Caucasus, bordering the Caspian Sea and a Republic of Russia, Dagestan is home to almost 3 million mostly muslim people. Ethnically very diverse, it is made up of several dozen ethnic groups and is Russia's most heterogeneous republic, where no ethnicity forms a majority. "
Finally completed my edit of work shot in the wonderful Dagestan, Russia. I spent just over 2 weeks traveling around the region visiting remote communities and generally having an awesome time. A special thanks to my good friends who made the trip so enjoyable Shamil Gadzhidadaev, Shamil Kadiev, Nariman Gafurov and many more. If anyone wants to get off the beaten track and meet some of the friendliest and most generous people I have ever met in my life GO!!
https://maptia.com/lukeduggleby/stories/dagestan-the-land-of-mountains

LukeDuggleby - history of travel to Dagestan". Located in the North Caucasus, bordering the Caspian Sea and a Republic of Russia, Dagestan is home to almost 3 million mostly muslim people. Ethnically very diverse, it is made up of several dozen ethnic groups and is Russia's most heterogeneous republic, where no ethnicity forms a majority. "
Finally completed my edit of work shot in the wonderful Dagestan, Russia. I spent just over 2 weeks traveling around the region visiting remote communities and generally having an awesome time. A special thanks to my good friends who made the trip so enjoyable Shamil Gadzhidadaev, Shamil Kadiev, Nariman Gafurov and many more. If anyone wants to get off the beaten track and meet some of the friendliest and most generous people I have ever met in my life GO!!
https://maptia.com/lukeduggleby/stories/dagestan-the-land-of-mountains

History of Islam, Part 4 of 5: Partisans of Ali

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BAKU - In the previous three episodes of the History of Islam, we described the first three Caliphs and their characteristics. We also discussed their most notable accomplishments and the ways in which they ruled the Caliphate. Abu Bakr, the wise community leader and the founder of the Caliphate, had died from a fever. Umar, the military thinker and the founder of Islamic jurisprudence, was stabbed in the stomach by a mentally disturbed Sassanid slave. And Uthman, the merchant, and the builder, was beaten to death in his study room by fellow Muslims. It was then Ali’s turn as Caliph, making him the fourth to take the title. However, Ali’s future looked bleak at best.
Ever since the dispute between Ali and Abu B...

published: 01 Nov 2015

History of Islam, Part 2 of 5: Conquests of Umar

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - In the first part of the History of Islam, we discussed the succession to Muhammad and the birth of the Caliphate under the leadership of Abu Bakr. The formation of the Caliphate was not easy, and the newly elected Caliph faced a secessionist rebellion throughout Arabia. He overcame the rebellion, but his reign lasted for only two years. Before Abu Bakr’s death, however, he nominated his trusted military advisor Umar as a candidate for the Caliph. The ‘Ummah’ and the council of elders were stunned because Abu Bakr and Umar could not have been more different.
Abu Bakr was the wise and modest grandfather type of person. He dressed simply and he lived simply. He accumulated no wealth and made every decision...

The Caspian Documentary 2015

published: 03 Oct 2015

The Caspian Sea Monster

In August of 1967 an American spy satellite took sensational photographs. A huge unknown machine of 100 meters long and about 500 tons of weight, which looked like an aircraft, was flying over the Caspian Sea waters with more than 500 kilometers of speed. Pentagon analysts called this object "the Caspian sea monster". It was constructed to make the Soviet Union a naval superpower. Find out about the history of the Caspian sea monster's construction, checkouts and its rebirth today.

Origins of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

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BAKU - For the past two decades, the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict has dominated the geopolitics of Azerbaijan and Armenia. Last month, in April 2016, a four-day-long skirmish erupted, which cost the lives of at least 200 soldiers.
In a previous CaspianReport, we explained the geopolitical and military status quo. We also recounted how the conflict is a potential hot spot that could involve regional players such as Russia and Turkey. Given the geopolitical significance of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and the lack of proper materials on the subject, in this report, we will go over the origins of the conflict.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0
h...

published: 31 May 2016

Europe's refugee crisis explained

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https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - In the last couple of months, the media headlines have been dominated by the presence of refugees in major European cities. The rush of refugees to Europe has caused considerable diplomatic and domestic turmoil. Refugees from Syria, followed by African and Balkan nations, form the vast majority of the people seeking asylum. In most cases, the refugees pay large sums of money for a chance to reach Europe, and in many cases it’s a life risking gamble.
The massive arrival of asylum seekers in Europe is not something new. Migration in and out of Europe has taken shape throughout history. However, the current human flow into Europe is different from historic migrations, and such unprecedented events carry with...

published: 24 Nov 2015

Crimes against medieval realism: Narnia, Prince Caspian fight review

A realism review of the battles and combat in the movie, Chronicles of Narnia, Prince Caspian, from a historical medieval perspective.
The Machicolations shirt: https://teespring.com/shop/castle-machicolations
Metatron's armor rant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aBihos4gzM8&t

Who were the Proto-Indo-Europeans?

Formerly the existence of the Proto-Indo-Europeans (aka Aryans) was based purely on linguistic evidence, but recent analysis of DNA of the Yamnaya culture, demonstrates their genetic legacy on Indo-European cultures in a timeframe that matches the expansion proposed by linguists.
Most interesting of all, despite the fact these people started off in the Pontic Caspian steppe, the modern populations who bear the closest genetic resemblance to them are NorthernEuropeans.
This video explains what genetic and linguistic evidence tells us about how they lived, what they looked like and what their pagan religion was like. I also respond to Varg's VR about the bear cult and point out that the Proto-Indo-Europeans certainly revered bears.
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Prison Documentary 2 - Mind blowing Documentaries

PLEASE READ!!!
Thank you all for being so supportive of the channel. Please subscribe to my channel http://www.youtube.com/user/RealMilitaryVideos . This channel will be removed soon. Thanks, enjoy and have a nice day!!!

Why Azerbaijan Is Getting Poorer Despite An Oil Revolution (2000)

AzerbaijanArchive: Why Azerbaijan is getting poorer despite being so rich in oil resources.
TribeFacesExtinction Over Colombian Oil Reserves (2001):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMni22H5PNQ
Exposing the real price of the US fracking industry:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ux42tSLALf4
How Big Oil Threatens DinoFootprints:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pgbk_kU8EMY
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Ahead of November’s elections, tensions are rising in Azerbaijan. We...

published: 27 Aug 2015

Becoming marines with the Caspian Fleet – In the Army Now Ep.7

Pavel and Anna continue to explore the most unusual and remote regiments of the Russian Army. This time, they head to the Republic of Dagestan on the shores of the Caspian Sea. The CaspianFleet is famous for its history, dating back to the days of Peter the Great, the Emperor who founded the Russian Navy. In this episode, the two journalists join the crew of the corvette “GradSviyazhsk”.
Anna is lucky enough to get her own cabin, but there’s no time to lounge about: the ship will sail in two days’ time, and they must both be ready. Marines must be able to tackle any emergency in the open sea, so the two are put through a series of demanding and nerve-wracking exercises. They undergo a literal trial by fire, then have to save their vessel from sinking.
In an act of mercy, their capta...

published: 14 Aug 2017

Monsters of the Sea - History's Mysteries

History's Mysteries was an American documentary television series on the History Channel.
Huge and mysteries sea animals breaking the surface have always been part of sailors' folklore.
Join a community dedicated to documentaries: http://www.bestfreedocumentaries.org
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History of Islam, Part 4 of 5: Partisans of Ali

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - In the previous three episodes of the History of Islam, we described the fi...

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - In the previous three episodes of the History of Islam, we described the first three Caliphs and their characteristics. We also discussed their most notable accomplishments and the ways in which they ruled the Caliphate. Abu Bakr, the wise community leader and the founder of the Caliphate, had died from a fever. Umar, the military thinker and the founder of Islamic jurisprudence, was stabbed in the stomach by a mentally disturbed Sassanid slave. And Uthman, the merchant, and the builder, was beaten to death in his study room by fellow Muslims. It was then Ali’s turn as Caliph, making him the fourth to take the title. However, Ali’s future looked bleak at best.
Ever since the dispute between Ali and Abu Bakr over the succession of Muhammad, which we discussed in Part 1, Ali had gained a fiercely loyal following. And despite Ali’s allegiance and loyalty to the first three Caliphs, a large group of Muslims still considered Ali as the only chosen and legitimate successor of Muhammad.
According to Shia scholars, during the rule of the previous Caliphs, Ali’s family was harassed, a portion of their property was seized, and one instance even resulted in the miscarriage and death of his wife Fatima. However, Sunni scholars say that the allegations regarding the seized property were made-up and that the miscarriage and death of Fatima was an accident. What we know for certain is that, despite everything, Ali remained a strong supporter of unity amongst Muslims and continued to advise the Caliphs on a variety of political and religious subjects. For example, Ali advised Caliph Umar to set the First Hijra, the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, as the beginning of the Islamic lunar calendar.
In his spare time, Ali held sermons and lectures. Over the years, he gained more and more followers, until eventually they became known as the Party of Ali, or the Partisans for short, which in Arabic translates to the Shiites. The Partisans had proclaimed their leader as the Imam. If the mainstream Sunni Muslim community had the Caliph, then the Shiites had the Imam. Therefore, the meaning of Imam is different for Sunni and Shia Muslims. Aside from this difference of titles, there were no cultural or religious differences between Muslims at the time, and there were no sects, cults or branches. More importantly, there was no schism - at least, not in the beginning or in the open.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
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BAKU - In the previous three episodes of the History of Islam, we described the first three Caliphs and their characteristics. We also discussed their most notable accomplishments and the ways in which they ruled the Caliphate. Abu Bakr, the wise community leader and the founder of the Caliphate, had died from a fever. Umar, the military thinker and the founder of Islamic jurisprudence, was stabbed in the stomach by a mentally disturbed Sassanid slave. And Uthman, the merchant, and the builder, was beaten to death in his study room by fellow Muslims. It was then Ali’s turn as Caliph, making him the fourth to take the title. However, Ali’s future looked bleak at best.
Ever since the dispute between Ali and Abu Bakr over the succession of Muhammad, which we discussed in Part 1, Ali had gained a fiercely loyal following. And despite Ali’s allegiance and loyalty to the first three Caliphs, a large group of Muslims still considered Ali as the only chosen and legitimate successor of Muhammad.
According to Shia scholars, during the rule of the previous Caliphs, Ali’s family was harassed, a portion of their property was seized, and one instance even resulted in the miscarriage and death of his wife Fatima. However, Sunni scholars say that the allegations regarding the seized property were made-up and that the miscarriage and death of Fatima was an accident. What we know for certain is that, despite everything, Ali remained a strong supporter of unity amongst Muslims and continued to advise the Caliphs on a variety of political and religious subjects. For example, Ali advised Caliph Umar to set the First Hijra, the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, as the beginning of the Islamic lunar calendar.
In his spare time, Ali held sermons and lectures. Over the years, he gained more and more followers, until eventually they became known as the Party of Ali, or the Partisans for short, which in Arabic translates to the Shiites. The Partisans had proclaimed their leader as the Imam. If the mainstream Sunni Muslim community had the Caliph, then the Shiites had the Imam. Therefore, the meaning of Imam is different for Sunni and Shia Muslims. Aside from this difference of titles, there were no cultural or religious differences between Muslims at the time, and there were no sects, cults or branches. More importantly, there was no schism - at least, not in the beginning or in the open.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
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History of Islam, Part 2 of 5: Conquests of Umar

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - In the first part of the History of Islam, we discussed the succession to M...

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - In the first part of the History of Islam, we discussed the succession to Muhammad and the birth of the Caliphate under the leadership of Abu Bakr. The formation of the Caliphate was not easy, and the newly elected Caliph faced a secessionist rebellion throughout Arabia. He overcame the rebellion, but his reign lasted for only two years. Before Abu Bakr’s death, however, he nominated his trusted military advisor Umar as a candidate for the Caliph. The ‘Ummah’ and the council of elders were stunned because Abu Bakr and Umar could not have been more different.
Abu Bakr was the wise and modest grandfather type of person. He dressed simply and he lived simply. He accumulated no wealth and made every decision together with the council of elders. As the Caliph, he received only a very small salary; in fact, Abu Bakr continued his trading business just to get by. Sometimes he even milked his neighbors’ cows for extra cash. For all of his modesty and humility, he was greatly respected.
Umar, on the other hand, was known as a brawler and a drinker prior to his conversion to Islam. He had a notorious temper and intimidated the people around him with his great height. So, the council wasn’t convinced that Umar was the right person for the office. Then, in the heat of the debate, Ali stepped forward and endorsed Umar. This tipped the scale of the debate; Umar was elected as the new Caliph.
Over the next ten years, Umar would lead the Caliphate. He would conquer the lands of Persia, Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Egypt, and he would give Islamic civilization its own unique identity. Umar was a theologian as influential as Saint Paul, and he was a statesman and a patron of philosophy, much like Lorenzo de' Medici. But Umar was also a social reformer, like Karl Marx, and a military thinker equal to Napoleon. Any of these achievements would have earned him a place in history, but when most people speak of Umar, all they know is that he was the second Caliph.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
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BAKU - In the first part of the History of Islam, we discussed the succession to Muhammad and the birth of the Caliphate under the leadership of Abu Bakr. The formation of the Caliphate was not easy, and the newly elected Caliph faced a secessionist rebellion throughout Arabia. He overcame the rebellion, but his reign lasted for only two years. Before Abu Bakr’s death, however, he nominated his trusted military advisor Umar as a candidate for the Caliph. The ‘Ummah’ and the council of elders were stunned because Abu Bakr and Umar could not have been more different.
Abu Bakr was the wise and modest grandfather type of person. He dressed simply and he lived simply. He accumulated no wealth and made every decision together with the council of elders. As the Caliph, he received only a very small salary; in fact, Abu Bakr continued his trading business just to get by. Sometimes he even milked his neighbors’ cows for extra cash. For all of his modesty and humility, he was greatly respected.
Umar, on the other hand, was known as a brawler and a drinker prior to his conversion to Islam. He had a notorious temper and intimidated the people around him with his great height. So, the council wasn’t convinced that Umar was the right person for the office. Then, in the heat of the debate, Ali stepped forward and endorsed Umar. This tipped the scale of the debate; Umar was elected as the new Caliph.
Over the next ten years, Umar would lead the Caliphate. He would conquer the lands of Persia, Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Egypt, and he would give Islamic civilization its own unique identity. Umar was a theologian as influential as Saint Paul, and he was a statesman and a patron of philosophy, much like Lorenzo de' Medici. But Umar was also a social reformer, like Karl Marx, and a military thinker equal to Napoleon. Any of these achievements would have earned him a place in history, but when most people speak of Umar, all they know is that he was the second Caliph.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
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History of Islam, Part 5 of 5: Legacy of Hasan and Husayn

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BAKU - In the previous episodes of the History of Islam, we recounted the various ...

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BAKU - In the previous episodes of the History of Islam, we recounted the various developments that have shaped the core of Islamic identity. In episode one, we explained the foundation of the Caliphate by Caliph Abu Bakr. Following this, we described the territorial expansions and the origins of Islamic jurisprudence by Calip Umar. In the third episode, we recounted the evolution of the Islamic civilization by Caliph Uthman. And in the previous episode, we explained how the Islamic civil war between Caliph Ali and Governor Muawiyah laid the groundwork for the schism between Sunni and Shia Islam.
Following Ali’s victory in al-Nahrawan against the radical Khawarij group. The latter planned the assassination of the Caliph. Two years later, a Kharijite follower stabbed Ali with a poisoned dagger. Ali passed away in a few days and his death left behind a power vacuum and a fragmented state.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
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BAKU - In the previous episodes of the History of Islam, we recounted the various developments that have shaped the core of Islamic identity. In episode one, we explained the foundation of the Caliphate by Caliph Abu Bakr. Following this, we described the territorial expansions and the origins of Islamic jurisprudence by Calip Umar. In the third episode, we recounted the evolution of the Islamic civilization by Caliph Uthman. And in the previous episode, we explained how the Islamic civil war between Caliph Ali and Governor Muawiyah laid the groundwork for the schism between Sunni and Shia Islam.
Following Ali’s victory in al-Nahrawan against the radical Khawarij group. The latter planned the assassination of the Caliph. Two years later, a Kharijite follower stabbed Ali with a poisoned dagger. Ali passed away in a few days and his death left behind a power vacuum and a fragmented state.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
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https://www.facebook.com/caspianreport
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The Caspian Sea Monster

In August of 1967 an American spy satellite took sensational photographs. A huge unknown machine of 100 meters long and about 500 tons of weight, which looked l...

In August of 1967 an American spy satellite took sensational photographs. A huge unknown machine of 100 meters long and about 500 tons of weight, which looked like an aircraft, was flying over the Caspian Sea waters with more than 500 kilometers of speed. Pentagon analysts called this object "the Caspian sea monster". It was constructed to make the Soviet Union a naval superpower. Find out about the history of the Caspian sea monster's construction, checkouts and its rebirth today.

In August of 1967 an American spy satellite took sensational photographs. A huge unknown machine of 100 meters long and about 500 tons of weight, which looked like an aircraft, was flying over the Caspian Sea waters with more than 500 kilometers of speed. Pentagon analysts called this object "the Caspian sea monster". It was constructed to make the Soviet Union a naval superpower. Find out about the history of the Caspian sea monster's construction, checkouts and its rebirth today.

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport
BAKU - For the past two decades, the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict has dominated the geopolitics of Azerbaijan and Armenia. Last month, in April 2016, a four-day-long skirmish erupted, which cost the lives of at least 200 soldiers.
In a previous CaspianReport, we explained the geopolitical and military status quo. We also recounted how the conflict is a potential hot spot that could involve regional players such as Russia and Turkey. Given the geopolitical significance of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and the lack of proper materials on the subject, in this report, we will go over the origins of the conflict.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
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Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
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BAKU - For the past two decades, the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict has dominated the geopolitics of Azerbaijan and Armenia. Last month, in April 2016, a four-day-long skirmish erupted, which cost the lives of at least 200 soldiers.
In a previous CaspianReport, we explained the geopolitical and military status quo. We also recounted how the conflict is a potential hot spot that could involve regional players such as Russia and Turkey. Given the geopolitical significance of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and the lack of proper materials on the subject, in this report, we will go over the origins of the conflict.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
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Europe's refugee crisis explained

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BAKU - In the last couple of months, the media headlines have been dominated by th...

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BAKU - In the last couple of months, the media headlines have been dominated by the presence of refugees in major European cities. The rush of refugees to Europe has caused considerable diplomatic and domestic turmoil. Refugees from Syria, followed by African and Balkan nations, form the vast majority of the people seeking asylum. In most cases, the refugees pay large sums of money for a chance to reach Europe, and in many cases it’s a life risking gamble.
The massive arrival of asylum seekers in Europe is not something new. Migration in and out of Europe has taken shape throughout history. However, the current human flow into Europe is different from historic migrations, and such unprecedented events carry with them economic and political repercussions that are shaking the European countries to their constitutional foundations. The most recognizable difference is the fact that the refugees are mostly from culturally distinct countries such as Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan.
In this report, we will look at the refugee crisis. How did it start, what is the European Union doing about it and why it’s not working.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
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BAKU - In the last couple of months, the media headlines have been dominated by the presence of refugees in major European cities. The rush of refugees to Europe has caused considerable diplomatic and domestic turmoil. Refugees from Syria, followed by African and Balkan nations, form the vast majority of the people seeking asylum. In most cases, the refugees pay large sums of money for a chance to reach Europe, and in many cases it’s a life risking gamble.
The massive arrival of asylum seekers in Europe is not something new. Migration in and out of Europe has taken shape throughout history. However, the current human flow into Europe is different from historic migrations, and such unprecedented events carry with them economic and political repercussions that are shaking the European countries to their constitutional foundations. The most recognizable difference is the fact that the refugees are mostly from culturally distinct countries such as Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan.
In this report, we will look at the refugee crisis. How did it start, what is the European Union doing about it and why it’s not working.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Be sure to follow CaspianReport on the social media.
Facebook:
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A realism review of the battles and combat in the movie, Chronicles of Narnia, Prince Caspian, from a historical medieval perspective.
The Machicolations shirt: https://teespring.com/shop/castle-machicolations
Metatron's armor rant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aBihos4gzM8&t

A realism review of the battles and combat in the movie, Chronicles of Narnia, Prince Caspian, from a historical medieval perspective.
The Machicolations shirt: https://teespring.com/shop/castle-machicolations
Metatron's armor rant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aBihos4gzM8&t

The Bulgars (also Bulghars, Bulgari, Bolgars, Bolghars, Bolgari; Proto-Bulgarians) were semi-nomadic warrior tribes of Turkic extraction who flourished in the Pontic-Caspian steppe and the Volga region during the 7th century. Emerging as nomadic equestrians in the Volga-Ural region, according to some researchers their roots can be traced to Central Asia. During their westward migration across the Eurasian steppe the Bulgars absorbed other ethnic groups and cultural influences, including Hunnic, Iranian and Indo-European. Modern genetic research on Central AsianTurkic people and ethnic groups related to the Bulgars points to an affiliation with western Eurasian and European populations. The Bulgars spoke a Turkic language, i.e. Bulgar language of Oghuric branch. They preserved military titles, organization and customs of Eurasian steppes, as well as pagan shamanism and belief in the sky deity Tangra.
The Bulgars became semi-sedentary during the 7th century in the Pontic-Caspian steppe, establishing the polity of Old Great Bulgaria c. 635, which was absorbed by the Khazar Empire in 668. In c. 679Khan Asparukh conquered Scythia Minor, opening access to Moesia, and established the First Bulgarian Empire, which was Slavicized, thus forming modern Bulgarians. The remaining Pontic Bulgars migrated in the 7th century to the Volga River, where they founded the Volga Bulgaria; they preserved their identity well into the 13th century. The VolgaTatars and Chuvash people claim to be originated from the Volga Bulgars.
The etymology of the ethnonym Bulgar is not completely understood and difficult to trace back earlier than the 4th century AD.
It is generally believed to derive from the Turkic bulğha (to stir, mix, disturb, confuse). From the time of Wilhelm Tomaschek (1873), it was considered Common Turkic bulga- or bulya (to mix, to become mixed) and consonant suffix -r (mixed). Talat Tekin interpreted bulgar to mean "mixing" rather than "mixed". Both Gyula Németh and Peter Benjamin Golden initially advocated the "mixed race" theory, but later, like Paul Pelliot, considered that "to incite", "rebel", or "to produce a state of disorder", i.e. the "disturbers", would be a suitable name for the nomads.
Among the many other theories, D. Detschev supported a Germanic interpretation meaning combative people, attributed by the Gepids and Ostrogoths to the descendants of the European Huns, and G. A. Keramopulos associated the burgi with the Roman limes. Theorists also speculated that the ethnonym is related to the city name of Balkh in Bactria, and the river Volga (yiylga, "moisture"), while Zeki Velidi Togan considered the unattested form bel-gur or bil-gur to be from balağur (five Oğhur).
Németh identified, through oğur, an etymological association between the Kutrigurs (Kuturgur Quturğur *Toqur(o)ğur toqur; "nine" in Proto-Bulgaric; toquz in Common Turkic) and Utigurs (Uturgur Uturğur utur/otur; "thirty" in Proto-Bulgaric; otuz in Common Turkic) as Oğuric tribes, with the ethnonym Bulgar as their spreading adjective. Karatay interpreted gur/gor as "country", and noted the Tekin derivation of gur from the Altaic suffix -gir, which is related to the word yir, meaning "earth, place". Generally, modern scholars consider the tribal terms oğuz or oğur to be derived from Turkic *og/uq, meaning "kinship or being akin to". The terms initially were not the same, as oq/ogsiz meant "arrow", while oğul meant "offspring, child, son", oğuš/uğuš was "tribe, clan", and the verb oğša-/oqša meant "to be like, resemble".
Karatay considered the Kutrigurs and Utigurs to be two related, ancestral people, and prominent tribes later in the Bulgaric union, but different from the Bulgars.
Golden considered the origin of the Kutrigurs and Utigurs obscure and their relationship to the Onoğurs and Bulgars who lived in the same region, or in its vicinity, as unclear. He noted the assumption of the two tribes being related to the Šarağurs (Oğhur. šara, "White Oğhurs"), and that according to Procopius they were two Hunnic tribal unions of Cimmerians descent. The reason later Byzantine sources frequently linked the names Onoğurs and Bulgars is also unclear.

The Bulgars (also Bulghars, Bulgari, Bolgars, Bolghars, Bolgari; Proto-Bulgarians) were semi-nomadic warrior tribes of Turkic extraction who flourished in the Pontic-Caspian steppe and the Volga region during the 7th century. Emerging as nomadic equestrians in the Volga-Ural region, according to some researchers their roots can be traced to Central Asia. During their westward migration across the Eurasian steppe the Bulgars absorbed other ethnic groups and cultural influences, including Hunnic, Iranian and Indo-European. Modern genetic research on Central AsianTurkic people and ethnic groups related to the Bulgars points to an affiliation with western Eurasian and European populations. The Bulgars spoke a Turkic language, i.e. Bulgar language of Oghuric branch. They preserved military titles, organization and customs of Eurasian steppes, as well as pagan shamanism and belief in the sky deity Tangra.
The Bulgars became semi-sedentary during the 7th century in the Pontic-Caspian steppe, establishing the polity of Old Great Bulgaria c. 635, which was absorbed by the Khazar Empire in 668. In c. 679Khan Asparukh conquered Scythia Minor, opening access to Moesia, and established the First Bulgarian Empire, which was Slavicized, thus forming modern Bulgarians. The remaining Pontic Bulgars migrated in the 7th century to the Volga River, where they founded the Volga Bulgaria; they preserved their identity well into the 13th century. The VolgaTatars and Chuvash people claim to be originated from the Volga Bulgars.
The etymology of the ethnonym Bulgar is not completely understood and difficult to trace back earlier than the 4th century AD.
It is generally believed to derive from the Turkic bulğha (to stir, mix, disturb, confuse). From the time of Wilhelm Tomaschek (1873), it was considered Common Turkic bulga- or bulya (to mix, to become mixed) and consonant suffix -r (mixed). Talat Tekin interpreted bulgar to mean "mixing" rather than "mixed". Both Gyula Németh and Peter Benjamin Golden initially advocated the "mixed race" theory, but later, like Paul Pelliot, considered that "to incite", "rebel", or "to produce a state of disorder", i.e. the "disturbers", would be a suitable name for the nomads.
Among the many other theories, D. Detschev supported a Germanic interpretation meaning combative people, attributed by the Gepids and Ostrogoths to the descendants of the European Huns, and G. A. Keramopulos associated the burgi with the Roman limes. Theorists also speculated that the ethnonym is related to the city name of Balkh in Bactria, and the river Volga (yiylga, "moisture"), while Zeki Velidi Togan considered the unattested form bel-gur or bil-gur to be from balağur (five Oğhur).
Németh identified, through oğur, an etymological association between the Kutrigurs (Kuturgur Quturğur *Toqur(o)ğur toqur; "nine" in Proto-Bulgaric; toquz in Common Turkic) and Utigurs (Uturgur Uturğur utur/otur; "thirty" in Proto-Bulgaric; otuz in Common Turkic) as Oğuric tribes, with the ethnonym Bulgar as their spreading adjective. Karatay interpreted gur/gor as "country", and noted the Tekin derivation of gur from the Altaic suffix -gir, which is related to the word yir, meaning "earth, place". Generally, modern scholars consider the tribal terms oğuz or oğur to be derived from Turkic *og/uq, meaning "kinship or being akin to". The terms initially were not the same, as oq/ogsiz meant "arrow", while oğul meant "offspring, child, son", oğuš/uğuš was "tribe, clan", and the verb oğša-/oqša meant "to be like, resemble".
Karatay considered the Kutrigurs and Utigurs to be two related, ancestral people, and prominent tribes later in the Bulgaric union, but different from the Bulgars.
Golden considered the origin of the Kutrigurs and Utigurs obscure and their relationship to the Onoğurs and Bulgars who lived in the same region, or in its vicinity, as unclear. He noted the assumption of the two tribes being related to the Šarağurs (Oğhur. šara, "White Oğhurs"), and that according to Procopius they were two Hunnic tribal unions of Cimmerians descent. The reason later Byzantine sources frequently linked the names Onoğurs and Bulgars is also unclear.

Who were the Proto-Indo-Europeans?

Formerly the existence of the Proto-Indo-Europeans (aka Aryans) was based purely on linguistic evidence, but recent analysis of DNA of the Yamnaya culture, demo...

Formerly the existence of the Proto-Indo-Europeans (aka Aryans) was based purely on linguistic evidence, but recent analysis of DNA of the Yamnaya culture, demonstrates their genetic legacy on Indo-European cultures in a timeframe that matches the expansion proposed by linguists.
Most interesting of all, despite the fact these people started off in the Pontic Caspian steppe, the modern populations who bear the closest genetic resemblance to them are NorthernEuropeans.
This video explains what genetic and linguistic evidence tells us about how they lived, what they looked like and what their pagan religion was like. I also respond to Varg's VR about the bear cult and point out that the Proto-Indo-Europeans certainly revered bears.
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Reading list:
Massive migration from the steppe was source for Indo-European languages in Europehttp://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v522/n7555/abs/nature14317.htmlSteppe people had healthy genes
http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/06/02/145193
90% of British DNA replaced in Neolithic by steppe descended invaders
http://eurogenes.blogspot.se/2017/05/the-bell-beaker-behemoth_10.html
3 populations make up modern Europeans
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B016wEaS0EWqMGxGSTBTc3VxVVU/view
Culture and language among Corded ware people
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B016wEaS0EWqMDVyQUlQb1hUY28/view
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B016wEaS0EWqX2hCNHZzS09kZWc/view

Formerly the existence of the Proto-Indo-Europeans (aka Aryans) was based purely on linguistic evidence, but recent analysis of DNA of the Yamnaya culture, demonstrates their genetic legacy on Indo-European cultures in a timeframe that matches the expansion proposed by linguists.
Most interesting of all, despite the fact these people started off in the Pontic Caspian steppe, the modern populations who bear the closest genetic resemblance to them are NorthernEuropeans.
This video explains what genetic and linguistic evidence tells us about how they lived, what they looked like and what their pagan religion was like. I also respond to Varg's VR about the bear cult and point out that the Proto-Indo-Europeans certainly revered bears.
This channel depends on your support:
Paypal: https://www.paypal.me/survivethejive
Card payments: https://rootbocks.com/projects/survive-the-jive/
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/survivethejive
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Reading list:
Massive migration from the steppe was source for Indo-European languages in Europehttp://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v522/n7555/abs/nature14317.htmlSteppe people had healthy genes
http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/06/02/145193
90% of British DNA replaced in Neolithic by steppe descended invaders
http://eurogenes.blogspot.se/2017/05/the-bell-beaker-behemoth_10.html
3 populations make up modern Europeans
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B016wEaS0EWqMGxGSTBTc3VxVVU/view
Culture and language among Corded ware people
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B016wEaS0EWqMDVyQUlQb1hUY28/view
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B016wEaS0EWqX2hCNHZzS09kZWc/view

The history of the ancient Khazar Empire, a major but almost forgotten power in Eastern Europe, which in A.D. 740 converted to Judaism. Khazaria, a conglomerate of AryanTurkic tribes, was finally wiped out by the forces of Genghis Khan, but evidence indicates that the Khazars themselves migrated to Poland and formed the cradle of Western (Ashkenazim) Jewry...
The Khazars' sway extended from the Black sea to the Caspian, from the Caucasus to the Volga, and they were instrumental in stopping the Muslim onslaught against Byzantium, the eastern jaw of the gigantic pincer movement that in the West swept across northern Africa and into Spain.
Thereafter the Khazars found themselves in a precarious position between the two major world powers: the Eastern Roman Empire in Byzantium and the triumphant followers of Mohammed.
As Arthur Koestler points out, the Khazars were the Third World of their day, and they chose a surprising method of resisting both the Western pressure to become Christian and the Eastern to adopt Islam. Rejecting both, they converted to Judaism.
Learn more true history here... http://www.conspiracyking.com/1034-THIRTEENTH-TRIBE-The/flypage_images.tpl.html
And here... http://www.conspiracyking.com/30-J026-COUNTERFEIT-BLESSINGS/flypage_images.tpl.html
And here (What IS A Semite?)... http://www.conspiracyking.com/150-Meeting-of-920413/flypage_images.tpl.html

The history of the ancient Khazar Empire, a major but almost forgotten power in Eastern Europe, which in A.D. 740 converted to Judaism. Khazaria, a conglomerate of AryanTurkic tribes, was finally wiped out by the forces of Genghis Khan, but evidence indicates that the Khazars themselves migrated to Poland and formed the cradle of Western (Ashkenazim) Jewry...
The Khazars' sway extended from the Black sea to the Caspian, from the Caucasus to the Volga, and they were instrumental in stopping the Muslim onslaught against Byzantium, the eastern jaw of the gigantic pincer movement that in the West swept across northern Africa and into Spain.
Thereafter the Khazars found themselves in a precarious position between the two major world powers: the Eastern Roman Empire in Byzantium and the triumphant followers of Mohammed.
As Arthur Koestler points out, the Khazars were the Third World of their day, and they chose a surprising method of resisting both the Western pressure to become Christian and the Eastern to adopt Islam. Rejecting both, they converted to Judaism.
Learn more true history here... http://www.conspiracyking.com/1034-THIRTEENTH-TRIBE-The/flypage_images.tpl.html
And here... http://www.conspiracyking.com/30-J026-COUNTERFEIT-BLESSINGS/flypage_images.tpl.html
And here (What IS A Semite?)... http://www.conspiracyking.com/150-Meeting-of-920413/flypage_images.tpl.html

Supported by Azerbaijan’s Ministry of Culture and Tourism as well as Azerbaijan’s Consulate General in Los Angeles, five new documentary films on Azerbaijan were produced in the United States. The films are titled as follow:
“Azerbaijan: Land of Hope & Inspiration”;
“Cultural & Natural History of Azerbaijan”;
“Baku: Jewel of the Caspian”;
“Jews of Azerbaijan: A Model for Muslim-Jewish Coexistence”;
“Christian & Muslim Villages of Azerbaijan”.
The documentaries provide information about Azerbaijan’s rich and colorful culture, history, traditions, beautiful nature and tourism opportunities; they highlight the steady development of Azerbaijan as an independent nation since 1991, and the country’s positive multiculturalism and successful model of multi-faith tolerance and harmony, which allow for Muslims, Christians, Jews and representatives of other faiths to continue to live together in peace and mutual respect.
The films have already been aired by over 20 TV channels of the United States. By the end of 2016, the films will be shown by 50 television stations located in 21 U.S. states, including California, reaching 19 million homes.
The documentaries were filmed and produced by ECONEWS Television and RadioSeries. ECONEWS is a three-times EMMY-nominated weekly series that has produced over 600 environmental television shows since 1984, and 2000 Environmental DirectionsRadio shows since 1977, becoming the longest-running environmental program in the United States. ECONEWS is a United Nations Environment ProgrammeGlobal 500Laureate. ECONEWS shows have also received awards in the HometownUSAVideoFestival, AVEDA U. S. Environmental Film Festival and other film festivals.
ECONEWS HostNancy Pearlman and her film crew visited Azerbaijan to film the documentary shows in both Baku and various regions of Azerbaijan.

Supported by Azerbaijan’s Ministry of Culture and Tourism as well as Azerbaijan’s Consulate General in Los Angeles, five new documentary films on Azerbaijan were produced in the United States. The films are titled as follow:
“Azerbaijan: Land of Hope & Inspiration”;
“Cultural & Natural History of Azerbaijan”;
“Baku: Jewel of the Caspian”;
“Jews of Azerbaijan: A Model for Muslim-Jewish Coexistence”;
“Christian & Muslim Villages of Azerbaijan”.
The documentaries provide information about Azerbaijan’s rich and colorful culture, history, traditions, beautiful nature and tourism opportunities; they highlight the steady development of Azerbaijan as an independent nation since 1991, and the country’s positive multiculturalism and successful model of multi-faith tolerance and harmony, which allow for Muslims, Christians, Jews and representatives of other faiths to continue to live together in peace and mutual respect.
The films have already been aired by over 20 TV channels of the United States. By the end of 2016, the films will be shown by 50 television stations located in 21 U.S. states, including California, reaching 19 million homes.
The documentaries were filmed and produced by ECONEWS Television and RadioSeries. ECONEWS is a three-times EMMY-nominated weekly series that has produced over 600 environmental television shows since 1984, and 2000 Environmental DirectionsRadio shows since 1977, becoming the longest-running environmental program in the United States. ECONEWS is a United Nations Environment ProgrammeGlobal 500Laureate. ECONEWS shows have also received awards in the HometownUSAVideoFestival, AVEDA U. S. Environmental Film Festival and other film festivals.
ECONEWS HostNancy Pearlman and her film crew visited Azerbaijan to film the documentary shows in both Baku and various regions of Azerbaijan.

Prison Documentary 2 - Mind blowing Documentaries

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Thank you all for being so supportive of the channel. Please subscribe to my channel http://www.youtube.com/user/RealMilitaryVideos . This channel will be removed soon. Thanks, enjoy and have a nice day!!!

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“What man dare, I dare. Approach you like the rugged Russian bear, The armed rhinoceros, or th’ Hyrcan Tiger.” In Macbeth, Shakespeare talks about the Caspian tiger (also known as the Hyrcan tiger) maybe because Europeans and Westerners in general knew about the Hyrcan tiger before they knew about Indian or Siberian tigers. The history of this kind of tiger goes back to when the ancient Romans used Iranian lions and Caspian tigers in gladiatorial combats. The primary habitat of ancient tigers was Western Asia. What is known for sure is that they did not reach today’s America. In the20th century, these great stripped cats have vanished from Western Asia. Although this tiger is thought to be extinct in Iran, several sightings of it have been reported in recent years.
In “On the Trail of the Hyrcan Tiger”, a brief historical account of the origin and life of the Hyrcan tiger is provided, and then our adventurer starts his search for this extinct tiger in the picturesque jungles of Golestan Province, Iran. He has been working on this subject for years. During his quest, he talks with the nearby local residents and ecologists. Surprisingly, different accounts and stories are presented to him. To know what has happened to this tiger, watch our beautiful, exclusive documentary and enjoy the stunning views of Iran’s jungles as well.
PRESS TVDocumentaries

“What man dare, I dare. Approach you like the rugged Russian bear, The armed rhinoceros, or th’ Hyrcan Tiger.” In Macbeth, Shakespeare talks about the Caspian tiger (also known as the Hyrcan tiger) maybe because Europeans and Westerners in general knew about the Hyrcan tiger before they knew about Indian or Siberian tigers. The history of this kind of tiger goes back to when the ancient Romans used Iranian lions and Caspian tigers in gladiatorial combats. The primary habitat of ancient tigers was Western Asia. What is known for sure is that they did not reach today’s America. In the20th century, these great stripped cats have vanished from Western Asia. Although this tiger is thought to be extinct in Iran, several sightings of it have been reported in recent years.
In “On the Trail of the Hyrcan Tiger”, a brief historical account of the origin and life of the Hyrcan tiger is provided, and then our adventurer starts his search for this extinct tiger in the picturesque jungles of Golestan Province, Iran. He has been working on this subject for years. During his quest, he talks with the nearby local residents and ecologists. Surprisingly, different accounts and stories are presented to him. To know what has happened to this tiger, watch our beautiful, exclusive documentary and enjoy the stunning views of Iran’s jungles as well.
PRESS TVDocumentaries

AzerbaijanArchive: Why Azerbaijan is getting poorer despite being so rich in oil resources.
TribeFacesExtinction Over Colombian Oil Reserves (2001):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMni22H5PNQ
Exposing the real price of the US fracking industry:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ux42tSLALf4
How Big Oil Threatens DinoFootprints:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pgbk_kU8EMY
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Ahead of November’s elections, tensions are rising in Azerbaijan. We offer you unique footage from the oil rich nation.
“If we don’t make a stand now, this will become an unliveable place,” states government critic Alekper Mamedov. He claims soldiers are starving because their pay is being embezzled. Includes footage of the oil rigs in Azerbaijan and an interviews with President Aliyev.
Mentorn – Ref. 1057
JourneymanPictures is your independent source for the world's most powerful films, exploring the burning issues of today. We represent stories from the world's top producers, with brand new content coming in all the time. On our channel you'll find outstanding and controversial journalism covering any global subject you can imagine wanting to know about.

AzerbaijanArchive: Why Azerbaijan is getting poorer despite being so rich in oil resources.
TribeFacesExtinction Over Colombian Oil Reserves (2001):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMni22H5PNQ
Exposing the real price of the US fracking industry:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ux42tSLALf4
How Big Oil Threatens DinoFootprints:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pgbk_kU8EMY
Subscribe to journeyman for daily uploads:
http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=journeymanpictures
For downloads and more information visit:
http://www.journeyman.tv/?lid=19144
Like us on Facebook:
https://www.facebook.com/journeymanpictures
Follow us on Twitter:
https://twitter.com/JourneymanVOD
https://twitter.com/JourneymanNews
Ahead of November’s elections, tensions are rising in Azerbaijan. We offer you unique footage from the oil rich nation.
“If we don’t make a stand now, this will become an unliveable place,” states government critic Alekper Mamedov. He claims soldiers are starving because their pay is being embezzled. Includes footage of the oil rigs in Azerbaijan and an interviews with President Aliyev.
Mentorn – Ref. 1057
JourneymanPictures is your independent source for the world's most powerful films, exploring the burning issues of today. We represent stories from the world's top producers, with brand new content coming in all the time. On our channel you'll find outstanding and controversial journalism covering any global subject you can imagine wanting to know about.

Pavel and Anna continue to explore the most unusual and remote regiments of the Russian Army. This time, they head to the Republic of Dagestan on the shores of the Caspian Sea. The CaspianFleet is famous for its history, dating back to the days of Peter the Great, the Emperor who founded the Russian Navy. In this episode, the two journalists join the crew of the corvette “GradSviyazhsk”.
Anna is lucky enough to get her own cabin, but there’s no time to lounge about: the ship will sail in two days’ time, and they must both be ready. Marines must be able to tackle any emergency in the open sea, so the two are put through a series of demanding and nerve-wracking exercises. They undergo a literal trial by fire, then have to save their vessel from sinking.
In an act of mercy, their captain allows them to have the next day off. To relax before setting sail, the new recruits go sightseeing in the city of Derbent. It's the southernmost city in Russia and one of its oldest, boasting 5000 years of history. While Pavel learns about the bloody past of its famous fortress, Anna goes swimming at a local beach. This time apart may do them good as for the next three days they will have to live and work together 24/7.
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Pavel and Anna continue to explore the most unusual and remote regiments of the Russian Army. This time, they head to the Republic of Dagestan on the shores of the Caspian Sea. The CaspianFleet is famous for its history, dating back to the days of Peter the Great, the Emperor who founded the Russian Navy. In this episode, the two journalists join the crew of the corvette “GradSviyazhsk”.
Anna is lucky enough to get her own cabin, but there’s no time to lounge about: the ship will sail in two days’ time, and they must both be ready. Marines must be able to tackle any emergency in the open sea, so the two are put through a series of demanding and nerve-wracking exercises. They undergo a literal trial by fire, then have to save their vessel from sinking.
In an act of mercy, their captain allows them to have the next day off. To relax before setting sail, the new recruits go sightseeing in the city of Derbent. It's the southernmost city in Russia and one of its oldest, boasting 5000 years of history. While Pavel learns about the bloody past of its famous fortress, Anna goes swimming at a local beach. This time apart may do them good as for the next three days they will have to live and work together 24/7.
More films about army: https://rtd.rt.com/films/in-the-army-now/
SUBSCRIBE TO RTDChannel to get documentaries firsthand! http://bit.ly/1MgFbVy
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History's Mysteries was an American documentary television series on the History Channel.
Huge and mysteries sea animals breaking the surface have always been part of sailors' folklore.
Join a community dedicated to documentaries: http://www.bestfreedocumentaries.org
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History's Mysteries was an American documentary television series on the History Channel.
Huge and mysteries sea animals breaking the surface have always been part of sailors' folklore.
Join a community dedicated to documentaries: http://www.bestfreedocumentaries.org
Blog: http://documentarydesire.blogspot.co.uk/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/bestfreedocumentaries
Twitter: https://twitter.com/DocuDesire

Atlantis of the Caspian Sea

Mysterious, shrouded in legends and tales Sabayil castle is of particular interest because it is located directly under the water, 350 meters from the shore, and often for this reason is called the Atlantis of the Caspian Sea. It was constructed on a rocky island in the Baylovskoy Bay by Shirvanshah Fariburz III, in 1235. In 1306, the fortress went into the water because of the strong earthquake in the south of the Caspian Sea and the dramatic rise of the sea level. It was only in the early 18th century, when the Caspian Sea retreated, that the island resurfaced. The mystery of Bayil castle has intrigued the scientists, travellers, researchers and archaeologists who have visited Baku over the centuries.
More information: http://www.visions.az/baku,177/
Disclaimer: In the comment section, make sure you dont spam and dont use inappropriate language.

21:20

History of Islam, Part 4 of 5: Partisans of Ali

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BAKU - In th...

History of Islam, Part 4 of 5: Partisans of Ali

Support CaspianReport through Patreon:
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BAKU - In the previous three episodes of the History of Islam, we described the first three Caliphs and their characteristics. We also discussed their most notable accomplishments and the ways in which they ruled the Caliphate. Abu Bakr, the wise community leader and the founder of the Caliphate, had died from a fever. Umar, the military thinker and the founder of Islamic jurisprudence, was stabbed in the stomach by a mentally disturbed Sassanid slave. And Uthman, the merchant, and the builder, was beaten to death in his study room by fellow Muslims. It was then Ali’s turn as Caliph, making him the fourth to take the title. However, Ali’s future looked bleak at best.
Ever since the dispute between Ali and Abu Bakr over the succession of Muhammad, which we discussed in Part 1, Ali had gained a fiercely loyal following. And despite Ali’s allegiance and loyalty to the first three Caliphs, a large group of Muslims still considered Ali as the only chosen and legitimate successor of Muhammad.
According to Shia scholars, during the rule of the previous Caliphs, Ali’s family was harassed, a portion of their property was seized, and one instance even resulted in the miscarriage and death of his wife Fatima. However, Sunni scholars say that the allegations regarding the seized property were made-up and that the miscarriage and death of Fatima was an accident. What we know for certain is that, despite everything, Ali remained a strong supporter of unity amongst Muslims and continued to advise the Caliphs on a variety of political and religious subjects. For example, Ali advised Caliph Umar to set the First Hijra, the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, as the beginning of the Islamic lunar calendar.
In his spare time, Ali held sermons and lectures. Over the years, he gained more and more followers, until eventually they became known as the Party of Ali, or the Partisans for short, which in Arabic translates to the Shiites. The Partisans had proclaimed their leader as the Imam. If the mainstream Sunni Muslim community had the Caliph, then the Shiites had the Imam. Therefore, the meaning of Imam is different for Sunni and Shia Muslims. Aside from this difference of titles, there were no cultural or religious differences between Muslims at the time, and there were no sects, cults or branches. More importantly, there was no schism - at least, not in the beginning or in the open.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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18:35

Caspian Sea documentary

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously c...

Caspian Sea documentary

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. It is in an endorheic basin (it has no outflows) located between Europe and Asia. It is bounded to the northeast by Kazakhstan, to the northwest by Russia, to the west by Azerbaijan, to the south by Iran, and to the southeast by Turkmenistan.
Subscribe to http://www.youtube.com/c/Aktau-info channel and watch a lot of interesting information on the website http://aktau-info.com/

23:57

History of Islam, Part 2 of 5: Conquests of Umar

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BAKU - In th...

History of Islam, Part 2 of 5: Conquests of Umar

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BAKU - In the first part of the History of Islam, we discussed the succession to Muhammad and the birth of the Caliphate under the leadership of Abu Bakr. The formation of the Caliphate was not easy, and the newly elected Caliph faced a secessionist rebellion throughout Arabia. He overcame the rebellion, but his reign lasted for only two years. Before Abu Bakr’s death, however, he nominated his trusted military advisor Umar as a candidate for the Caliph. The ‘Ummah’ and the council of elders were stunned because Abu Bakr and Umar could not have been more different.
Abu Bakr was the wise and modest grandfather type of person. He dressed simply and he lived simply. He accumulated no wealth and made every decision together with the council of elders. As the Caliph, he received only a very small salary; in fact, Abu Bakr continued his trading business just to get by. Sometimes he even milked his neighbors’ cows for extra cash. For all of his modesty and humility, he was greatly respected.
Umar, on the other hand, was known as a brawler and a drinker prior to his conversion to Islam. He had a notorious temper and intimidated the people around him with his great height. So, the council wasn’t convinced that Umar was the right person for the office. Then, in the heat of the debate, Ali stepped forward and endorsed Umar. This tipped the scale of the debate; Umar was elected as the new Caliph.
Over the next ten years, Umar would lead the Caliphate. He would conquer the lands of Persia, Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Egypt, and he would give Islamic civilization its own unique identity. Umar was a theologian as influential as Saint Paul, and he was a statesman and a patron of philosophy, much like Lorenzo de' Medici. But Umar was also a social reformer, like Karl Marx, and a military thinker equal to Napoleon. Any of these achievements would have earned him a place in history, but when most people speak of Umar, all they know is that he was the second Caliph.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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11:16

Israeli-Iranian proxy war

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BAKU - Over the w...

Israeli-Iranian proxy war

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BAKU - Over the weekend, on the night between December 1st and 2nd, an unidentified aircraft fired five missiles at a military position that was undergoing renovations in the Damascus province in Syria. Two of the missiles were intercepted but the airstrike still caused substantial damage. Although Israel did not take responsibility for the airstrike, no one has any illusions about the identity of the warplanes that conducted the attack. Likewise, no one has misconceptions about the purpose of the Iranian base that was bombed. The sequence of events shows that the Israeli and Iranian rivalry is entering a new phase. The two are in fact waging a war by other means.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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1:02:46

Rise and decline of science in Islam

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BAKU - With about...

Pre-Islamic history of the Middle East

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In the 14th century a Muslim historian named Ibn Khaldun wrote about the pattern of history. Farmers would build irrigation systems supporting villages and towns. Later some warrior would bring these towns under his rule and form a united political entity, like a kingdom or an empire. Then a tribe of nomads would come along and conquer the kingdom, seize all the holdings and settle in their place and further expand the new empire. As time went by the nomads would assimilate and become soft city dwellers. Exactly the kind of people they had conquered and at this point another tribe of nomads would come along and conquer them and take their empire. Conquest, consolidation, expansion, degeneration and conquest, this was the pattern of history.
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Review: Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari

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BAKU - The last 100,000 years have been good for humankind. All around us, even in the poorest of nations, humans have made remarkable advances in proficiency and ability. The accomplishments have been the subject of many books. Yet, very few sources delve into the origins and anthropology of where we come from and what shaped our identities.
Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind by Yuval Noah Harari seeks to explore these questions and introduces us to the dominant species on Earth, the homo sapiens.
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Decisions by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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11:20

Islamic conquest of Persia

Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted ...

Islamic conquest of Persia

Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted for the centuries. In fact these military campaigns outlasted the empires themselves. Both the Roman and Parthian Empires reformed and were replaced by the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires, respectively. These two new superpowers continued their territorial disputes and military confrontations for centuries. But the Sassanids and Byzantines also had various proxy wars, in which they attempted to start rebellions in the opponent's holdings. One example of this was the Byzantine client state the Ghassanids and the Sassanid client state the Lakhmids. These client states served as a buffer zone against the SouthernArab raiders. And both these client states were Arab in origin, but the Ghassanids were Christian Arabs whereas the Lakhmids aimed to unite all the Arabs under one kingdom. In fact the last independent ruler of the Lakhmids, Imru' al-Qais, claimed the title of "King of all the Arabs." This vision of Arab unity would not be realized for centuries, until the rise of Islam and the consolidation of the Rashidun Caliphate, in 632. Once the caliphate was established the Lakhmids were quick to join their Arab brethren. But this made the Sassanids very anxious, as they had lost their buffer zone and client state. And so the Sassanid rulers decided to stir up rebellions in the region. These provocations lead to the declaration of a Jihad against the Sassanid Persian Empire by Caliph Umar. At the time this seemed like an ant declaring war against a lion. That is how the Persians mistakenly perceived it.
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9:58

Origins of Israel Palestinian Conflict

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The Israeli ...

History of Thailand's military junta

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SINGAPORE - As a country by the Gulf of Thailand and in the centre of Southeast Asia, the Kingdom of Thailand finds itself at the intersection of regional trading routes. Yet, despite its geopolitical value, the country has yet to establish a modern system of governance.
Since the 1930s, Thailand underwent 19 coup attempts, of which 12 were successful. To put it into perspective, that is one coup every four years. So, to understand the country’s cycle of revolutions, we must explore the past and go over the origins of the Thai military government.
Soundtrack:
CryptoKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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Origins of the Nile River dispute

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BAKU - In historic relation, Egypt has dominated the Nile River. In fact, it’s history, culture and national identity derives from the existence of the river. However, as a downstream nation, Egypt’s share of water is being challenged by upstream Ethiopia, which seeks to exploit its geographic virtue by the construction of hydroelectric power plants. Yet, the dispute over the Nile is not a recent occurrence. In fact, the historic struggle over water security in the Nile has shaped a distinct rivalry between Ethiopia and Egypt.
Soundtrack:
ComfortableMystery by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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History of Islam, Part 4 of 5: Partisans of Ali

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BAKU - In the previous three episodes of the History of Islam, we described the first three Caliphs and their characteristics. We also discussed their most notable accomplishments and the ways in which they ruled the Caliphate. Abu Bakr, the wise community leader and the founder of the Caliphate, had died from a fever. Umar, the military thinker and the founder of Islamic jurisprudence, was stabbed in the stomach by a mentally disturbed Sassanid slave. And Uthman, the merchant, and the builder, was beaten to death in his study room by fellow Muslims. It was then Ali’s turn as Caliph, making him the fourth to take the title. However, Ali’s future looked bleak at best.
Ever since the dispute between Ali and Abu Bakr over the succession of Muhammad, which we discussed in Part 1, Ali had gained a fiercely loyal following. And despite Ali’s allegiance and loyalty to the first three Caliphs, a large group of Muslims still considered Ali as the only chosen and legitimate successor of Muhammad.
According to Shia scholars, during the rule of the previous Caliphs, Ali’s family was harassed, a portion of their property was seized, and one instance even resulted in the miscarriage and death of his wife Fatima. However, Sunni scholars say that the allegations regarding the seized property were made-up and that the miscarriage and death of Fatima was an accident. What we know for certain is that, despite everything, Ali remained a strong supporter of unity amongst Muslims and continued to advise the Caliphs on a variety of political and religious subjects. For example, Ali advised Caliph Umar to set the First Hijra, the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, as the beginning of the Islamic lunar calendar.
In his spare time, Ali held sermons and lectures. Over the years, he gained more and more followers, until eventually they became known as the Party of Ali, or the Partisans for short, which in Arabic translates to the Shiites. The Partisans had proclaimed their leader as the Imam. If the mainstream Sunni Muslim community had the Caliph, then the Shiites had the Imam. Therefore, the meaning of Imam is different for Sunni and Shia Muslims. Aside from this difference of titles, there were no cultural or religious differences between Muslims at the time, and there were no sects, cults or branches. More importantly, there was no schism - at least, not in the beginning or in the open.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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23:57

History of Islam, Part 2 of 5: Conquests of Umar

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BAKU - In th...

History of Islam, Part 2 of 5: Conquests of Umar

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BAKU - In the first part of the History of Islam, we discussed the succession to Muhammad and the birth of the Caliphate under the leadership of Abu Bakr. The formation of the Caliphate was not easy, and the newly elected Caliph faced a secessionist rebellion throughout Arabia. He overcame the rebellion, but his reign lasted for only two years. Before Abu Bakr’s death, however, he nominated his trusted military advisor Umar as a candidate for the Caliph. The ‘Ummah’ and the council of elders were stunned because Abu Bakr and Umar could not have been more different.
Abu Bakr was the wise and modest grandfather type of person. He dressed simply and he lived simply. He accumulated no wealth and made every decision together with the council of elders. As the Caliph, he received only a very small salary; in fact, Abu Bakr continued his trading business just to get by. Sometimes he even milked his neighbors’ cows for extra cash. For all of his modesty and humility, he was greatly respected.
Umar, on the other hand, was known as a brawler and a drinker prior to his conversion to Islam. He had a notorious temper and intimidated the people around him with his great height. So, the council wasn’t convinced that Umar was the right person for the office. Then, in the heat of the debate, Ali stepped forward and endorsed Umar. This tipped the scale of the debate; Umar was elected as the new Caliph.
Over the next ten years, Umar would lead the Caliphate. He would conquer the lands of Persia, Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Egypt, and he would give Islamic civilization its own unique identity. Umar was a theologian as influential as Saint Paul, and he was a statesman and a patron of philosophy, much like Lorenzo de' Medici. But Umar was also a social reformer, like Karl Marx, and a military thinker equal to Napoleon. Any of these achievements would have earned him a place in history, but when most people speak of Umar, all they know is that he was the second Caliph.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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24:15

History of Islam, Part 5 of 5: Legacy of Hasan and Husayn

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BAKU - In th...

History of Islam, Part 5 of 5: Legacy of Hasan and Husayn

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BAKU - In the previous episodes of the History of Islam, we recounted the various developments that have shaped the core of Islamic identity. In episode one, we explained the foundation of the Caliphate by Caliph Abu Bakr. Following this, we described the territorial expansions and the origins of Islamic jurisprudence by Calip Umar. In the third episode, we recounted the evolution of the Islamic civilization by Caliph Uthman. And in the previous episode, we explained how the Islamic civil war between Caliph Ali and Governor Muawiyah laid the groundwork for the schism between Sunni and Shia Islam.
Following Ali’s victory in al-Nahrawan against the radical Khawarij group. The latter planned the assassination of the Caliph. Two years later, a Kharijite follower stabbed Ali with a poisoned dagger. Ali passed away in a few days and his death left behind a power vacuum and a fragmented state.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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The Caspian Sea Monster

In August of 1967 an American spy satellite took sensational photographs. A huge unknown machine of 100 meters long and about 500 tons of weight, which looked like an aircraft, was flying over the Caspian Sea waters with more than 500 kilometers of speed. Pentagon analysts called this object "the Caspian sea monster". It was constructed to make the Soviet Union a naval superpower. Find out about the history of the Caspian sea monster's construction, checkouts and its rebirth today.

1:02:46

Rise and decline of science in Islam

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BAKU - With about...

Origins of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

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BAKU - For the past two decades, the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict has dominated the geopolitics of Azerbaijan and Armenia. Last month, in April 2016, a four-day-long skirmish erupted, which cost the lives of at least 200 soldiers.
In a previous CaspianReport, we explained the geopolitical and military status quo. We also recounted how the conflict is a potential hot spot that could involve regional players such as Russia and Turkey. Given the geopolitical significance of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and the lack of proper materials on the subject, in this report, we will go over the origins of the conflict.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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22:53

Europe's refugee crisis explained

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BAKU - In th...

Europe's refugee crisis explained

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BAKU - In the last couple of months, the media headlines have been dominated by the presence of refugees in major European cities. The rush of refugees to Europe has caused considerable diplomatic and domestic turmoil. Refugees from Syria, followed by African and Balkan nations, form the vast majority of the people seeking asylum. In most cases, the refugees pay large sums of money for a chance to reach Europe, and in many cases it’s a life risking gamble.
The massive arrival of asylum seekers in Europe is not something new. Migration in and out of Europe has taken shape throughout history. However, the current human flow into Europe is different from historic migrations, and such unprecedented events carry with them economic and political repercussions that are shaking the European countries to their constitutional foundations. The most recognizable difference is the fact that the refugees are mostly from culturally distinct countries such as Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan.
In this report, we will look at the refugee crisis. How did it start, what is the European Union doing about it and why it’s not working.
Soundtrack:
DecisionsKevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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42:44

Crimes against medieval realism: Narnia, Prince Caspian fight review

A realism review of the battles and combat in the movie, Chronicles of Narnia, Prince Casp...

Crimes against medieval realism: Narnia, Prince Caspian fight review

A realism review of the battles and combat in the movie, Chronicles of Narnia, Prince Caspian, from a historical medieval perspective.
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The History Of The Bulgars

The Bulgars (also Bulghars, Bulgari, Bolgars, Bolghars, Bolgari; Proto-Bulgarians) were semi-nomadic warrior tribes of Turkic extraction who flourished in the Pontic-Caspian steppe and the Volga region during the 7th century. Emerging as nomadic equestrians in the Volga-Ural region, according to some researchers their roots can be traced to Central Asia. During their westward migration across the Eurasian steppe the Bulgars absorbed other ethnic groups and cultural influences, including Hunnic, Iranian and Indo-European. Modern genetic research on Central AsianTurkic people and ethnic groups related to the Bulgars points to an affiliation with western Eurasian and European populations. The Bulgars spoke a Turkic language, i.e. Bulgar language of Oghuric branch. They preserved military titles, organization and customs of Eurasian steppes, as well as pagan shamanism and belief in the sky deity Tangra.
The Bulgars became semi-sedentary during the 7th century in the Pontic-Caspian steppe, establishing the polity of Old Great Bulgaria c. 635, which was absorbed by the Khazar Empire in 668. In c. 679Khan Asparukh conquered Scythia Minor, opening access to Moesia, and established the First Bulgarian Empire, which was Slavicized, thus forming modern Bulgarians. The remaining Pontic Bulgars migrated in the 7th century to the Volga River, where they founded the Volga Bulgaria; they preserved their identity well into the 13th century. The VolgaTatars and Chuvash people claim to be originated from the Volga Bulgars.
The etymology of the ethnonym Bulgar is not completely understood and difficult to trace back earlier than the 4th century AD.
It is generally believed to derive from the Turkic bulğha (to stir, mix, disturb, confuse). From the time of Wilhelm Tomaschek (1873), it was considered Common Turkic bulga- or bulya (to mix, to become mixed) and consonant suffix -r (mixed). Talat Tekin interpreted bulgar to mean "mixing" rather than "mixed". Both Gyula Németh and Peter Benjamin Golden initially advocated the "mixed race" theory, but later, like Paul Pelliot, considered that "to incite", "rebel", or "to produce a state of disorder", i.e. the "disturbers", would be a suitable name for the nomads.
Among the many other theories, D. Detschev supported a Germanic interpretation meaning combative people, attributed by the Gepids and Ostrogoths to the descendants of the European Huns, and G. A. Keramopulos associated the burgi with the Roman limes. Theorists also speculated that the ethnonym is related to the city name of Balkh in Bactria, and the river Volga (yiylga, "moisture"), while Zeki Velidi Togan considered the unattested form bel-gur or bil-gur to be from balağur (five Oğhur).
Németh identified, through oğur, an etymological association between the Kutrigurs (Kuturgur Quturğur *Toqur(o)ğur toqur; "nine" in Proto-Bulgaric; toquz in Common Turkic) and Utigurs (Uturgur Uturğur utur/otur; "thirty" in Proto-Bulgaric; otuz in Common Turkic) as Oğuric tribes, with the ethnonym Bulgar as their spreading adjective. Karatay interpreted gur/gor as "country", and noted the Tekin derivation of gur from the Altaic suffix -gir, which is related to the word yir, meaning "earth, place". Generally, modern scholars consider the tribal terms oğuz or oğur to be derived from Turkic *og/uq, meaning "kinship or being akin to". The terms initially were not the same, as oq/ogsiz meant "arrow", while oğul meant "offspring, child, son", oğuš/uğuš was "tribe, clan", and the verb oğša-/oqša meant "to be like, resemble".
Karatay considered the Kutrigurs and Utigurs to be two related, ancestral people, and prominent tribes later in the Bulgaric union, but different from the Bulgars.
Golden considered the origin of the Kutrigurs and Utigurs obscure and their relationship to the Onoğurs and Bulgars who lived in the same region, or in its vicinity, as unclear. He noted the assumption of the two tribes being related to the Šarağurs (Oğhur. šara, "White Oğhurs"), and that according to Procopius they were two Hunnic tribal unions of Cimmerians descent. The reason later Byzantine sources frequently linked the names Onoğurs and Bulgars is also unclear.

20:45

Who were the Proto-Indo-Europeans?

Formerly the existence of the Proto-Indo-Europeans (aka Aryans) was based purely on lingui...

Who were the Proto-Indo-Europeans?

Formerly the existence of the Proto-Indo-Europeans (aka Aryans) was based purely on linguistic evidence, but recent analysis of DNA of the Yamnaya culture, demonstrates their genetic legacy on Indo-European cultures in a timeframe that matches the expansion proposed by linguists.
Most interesting of all, despite the fact these people started off in the Pontic Caspian steppe, the modern populations who bear the closest genetic resemblance to them are NorthernEuropeans.
This video explains what genetic and linguistic evidence tells us about how they lived, what they looked like and what their pagan religion was like. I also respond to Varg's VR about the bear cult and point out that the Proto-Indo-Europeans certainly revered bears.
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Reading list:
Massive migration from the steppe was source for Indo-European languages in Europehttp://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v522/n7555/abs/nature14317.htmlSteppe people had healthy genes
http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/06/02/145193
90% of British DNA replaced in Neolithic by steppe descended invaders
http://eurogenes.blogspot.se/2017/05/the-bell-beaker-behemoth_10.html
3 populations make up modern Europeans
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B016wEaS0EWqMGxGSTBTc3VxVVU/view
Culture and language among Corded ware people
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B016wEaS0EWqMDVyQUlQb1hUY28/view
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B016wEaS0EWqX2hCNHZzS09kZWc/view

59:04

Ashkenazi Jews

For other meanings see Ashkenaz (disambiguation).
Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic...

Forbidden Knowledge - History of the Khazar Empire - Lecture by Jack Otto

The history of the ancient Khazar Empire, a major but almost forgotten power in Eastern Europe, which in A.D. 740 converted to Judaism. Khazaria, a conglomerate of AryanTurkic tribes, was finally wiped out by the forces of Genghis Khan, but evidence indicates that the Khazars themselves migrated to Poland and formed the cradle of Western (Ashkenazim) Jewry...
The Khazars' sway extended from the Black sea to the Caspian, from the Caucasus to the Volga, and they were instrumental in stopping the Muslim onslaught against Byzantium, the eastern jaw of the gigantic pincer movement that in the West swept across northern Africa and into Spain.
Thereafter the Khazars found themselves in a precarious position between the two major world powers: the Eastern Roman Empire in Byzantium and the triumphant followers of Mohammed.
As Arthur Koestler points out, the Khazars were the Third World of their day, and they chose a surprising method of resisting both the Western pressure to become Christian and the Eastern to adopt Islam. Rejecting both, they converted to Judaism.
Learn more true history here... http://www.conspiracyking.com/1034-THIRTEENTH-TRIBE-The/flypage_images.tpl.html
And here... http://www.conspiracyking.com/30-J026-COUNTERFEIT-BLESSINGS/flypage_images.tpl.html
And here (What IS A Semite?)... http://www.conspiracyking.com/150-Meeting-of-920413/flypage_images.tpl.html

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BAKU: Jewel of the Caspian

Supported by Azerbaijan’s Ministry of Culture and Tourism as well as Azerbaijan’s Consulat...

BAKU: Jewel of the Caspian

Supported by Azerbaijan’s Ministry of Culture and Tourism as well as Azerbaijan’s Consulate General in Los Angeles, five new documentary films on Azerbaijan were produced in the United States. The films are titled as follow:
“Azerbaijan: Land of Hope & Inspiration”;
“Cultural & Natural History of Azerbaijan”;
“Baku: Jewel of the Caspian”;
“Jews of Azerbaijan: A Model for Muslim-Jewish Coexistence”;
“Christian & Muslim Villages of Azerbaijan”.
The documentaries provide information about Azerbaijan’s rich and colorful culture, history, traditions, beautiful nature and tourism opportunities; they highlight the steady development of Azerbaijan as an independent nation since 1991, and the country’s positive multiculturalism and successful model of multi-faith tolerance and harmony, which allow for Muslims, Christians, Jews and representatives of other faiths to continue to live together in peace and mutual respect.
The films have already been aired by over 20 TV channels of the United States. By the end of 2016, the films will be shown by 50 television stations located in 21 U.S. states, including California, reaching 19 million homes.
The documentaries were filmed and produced by ECONEWS Television and RadioSeries. ECONEWS is a three-times EMMY-nominated weekly series that has produced over 600 environmental television shows since 1984, and 2000 Environmental DirectionsRadio shows since 1977, becoming the longest-running environmental program in the United States. ECONEWS is a United Nations Environment ProgrammeGlobal 500Laureate. ECONEWS shows have also received awards in the HometownUSAVideoFestival, AVEDA U. S. Environmental Film Festival and other film festivals.
ECONEWS HostNancy Pearlman and her film crew visited Azerbaijan to film the documentary shows in both Baku and various regions of Azerbaijan.