In General Daniel Cerri town situated at the southwest of Buenos Aires Argentina; develops rural production on vegetable gardens. In this area we found children on rural work activities, most of them Bolivian immigrants. Public policies pointed to eradicate child work had failed. In this article we demonstrate the importance of qualitative studies pointed to difference two concepts related. First of all, the definition of "chid work" and on the other hand, the concept of "child labour exploitation". We believe that the confusion between both concepts contributed to the fail of public policies in this area.