ḤAYYIM, ABRAHAM BEN JUDAH IBN –
Spanish scholar and scribe of the thirteenth century. He wrote a Spanish treatise on the preparation of gold-foil and colors for miniatures; also a treatise, probably in Hebrew, on the Masorah and on the crowned letters in the...

ḤAYYIM BEN BEZALEEL –
German Talmudist; died at Friedberg on the Shabu'ot festival, 1588. He was the eldest of the four sons of Bezaleel ben Ḥayyim, and spent his youth at Posen, the native city of the family. (comp. "Monatsschrift," xiii. 371). He...

ḤAYYIM, ELIJAH IBN –
Rabbi of Constantinople, perhaps the immediate successor of Elijah. Mizraḥi; born about 1532; died in the beginning of the seventeenth century. In his responsa the date 1562 is mentioned; another responsum is dated 1601, and it...

ḤAYYIM OF FALAISE (ḤAYYIM PALTIEL?) –
French Biblical commentator of the thirteenth century; grandson of the tosafist Samuel of Falaise (Sir Morel). An anonymous commentator on the Pentateuch (Munich MS. No. 62) frequently quotes another commentary ( ) on the...

ḤAYYIM B. HANANEEL HA-KOHEN –
French tosafist of the second half of the twelfth century. He was a pupil of R. Jacob b. Meïr (Tam), with whom he discussed legal questions. Ḥayyim was the maternal grandfather of Moses of Coucy, author of the "Semag" ("Sefer...

ḤAYYIM BEN ISAAC REIZES –
Head of the yeshibah at Lemberg; born 1687; martyred May 13, 1728. Ḥayyim and his brother Joshua were thrown into prison on the eve of Passover, March 24, 1728, as the result of being falsely denounced by a Jewish convert, who...

ḤAYYIM BEN ISAAC OF VOLOZHIN (ḤAYYIM VOLOZHINER) –
Russian rabbi and educator; born at Volozhin, government of Wilna, Jan. 21, 1749; died there June 14, 1821. Both he and his elder brother Simḥah (d. 1812) studied under R. Aryeh Löb Ginzberg, who was then rabbi of Volozhin,...

ḤAYYIM BEN ISRAEL –
Spanish philosopher and author; lived in Toledo about 1272-77; a descendant of the Israeli family and a relative of Isaac Israeli, author of the astronomical work "Yesod 'Olam." He wrote a treatise on paradise, which exists in...

ḤAYYIM JACOB BEN JACOB DAVID –
Rabbi of Smyrna; lived in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. According to Michael, he was born at Smyrna and was a pupil of Ḥayyim b. Jacob Abulafia, author of "'Eẓ Ḥayyim." He went to Safed, the rabbis of which town sent...

ḤAYYIM JACOB BEN JUDAH LÖB SLUTZKI –
Russian rabbinical scholar; lived in the first half of the nineteenth century. He was the author of "Niṭe'e Na'amanim," containing the Midrash Konen with a double commentary—"Ẓerof ha-Kesef," explanatory of the text and giving...

ḤAYYIM BEN JEHIEL ḤEFEẒ ZAHAB –
Talmudist of the fourteenth century; died 1314. He was a brother of Asher ben Jehiel (Rosh). He was educated by his father, Jehiel, and by Samuel of Evreux. Some of his responsa, perhaps all, are included in the "She'elot...

ḤAYYIM HA-KOHEN –
German rabbi; born at Prague at the end of the sixteenth century; died at Posen about the middle of the seventeenth century. He was the son of Isaac ben Samson ha-Kohen, and, on his mother's side, a grandson of the renowned Löw...

ḤAYYIM HA-LEVI –
Physician, and chief rabbi of the united congregations in the archbishopric of Toledo. As the chief rabbi, Zulaimah Alfahan, did not personally administer his office, but resided permanently at Seville, Archbishop D. Pedro...

ḤAYYIM MAL'AK –
Polish Shabbethaian agitator; lived in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. According to Jacob Emden ("Torat ha-Ḳena'ot," p. 55), Ḥayyim was at first named "Mehallek" (the wanderer), because he traveled to Turkey to learn...

ḤAYYIM BEN MENAHEM OF GLOGAU –
German scholar; lived in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He wrote a work entitled "Mar'eh ha-Ketab bi-Leshon Ashkenaz we-Rashe Tebot" (Berlin, about 1717), a manual, chiefly for the use of women, on reading and writing...