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Conduct a representative survey of Human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and its genotype distribution in invasive anal cancer specimens in the U.S.

Methods

Population-based archival anal cancer specimens were identified from Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana and Michigan cancer registries and SEER tissue repositories in Hawaii, Iowa and Los Angeles. Sections from one representative block per case were used for DNA extraction. All extracts were assayed first by Linear Array and re-tested with INNO-LiPA if inadequate or HPV negative.

Results

Among 146 unique invasive anal cancer cases, 93 (63.7%) were from women and 53 (36.3%) from men. HPV (any type) was detected in 133 (91.1%) cases and 129 (88.4%) contained at least one high risk type, most (80.1%) as a single genotype. HPV16 had the highest prevalence (113 cases, 77.4%); HPV6, 11, 18 and 33 were also found multiple times. Among HPV16 positive cases, 37% were identified as prototype variant Ep and 63% were non-prototypes: 33% Em, 12% E-G131G, 5% Af1, 4% AA/NA-1, 3% E-C109G, 3% E-G131T, 2% As and 1% Af2. No significant differences in the distributions of HPV (any), high-risk types, or HPV16/18 were seen between gender, race or age group.

Conclusions

The establishment of pre-vaccine HPV prevalence in the U.S. is critical to the surveillance of vaccine efficacy. Almost 80% of anal cancers were positive for the vaccine types HPV16 or HPV18 and in 70% these were the only types detected suggesting that a high proportion might be preventable by current vaccines.

Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases ; chapter 5

Description:

Chapter 5 of: Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases. 5th Edition, 2011. : Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States, with an estimated 6.2 million persons becoming ...

National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.), Division of STD Prevention.. National Center for Infectious Diseases (U.S.). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.). National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (U.S.).

Published:

December 1999

Description:

Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the United States and is of increasing public health concern, yet no prevention programs have been established. Certain HPV types cause abnormal Pap...