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University of Southern California
DAILY • TROJAN
VOL. LEX * LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 30, 1967 NO. 48
Tuition hike a necessity, says financial affairs VP
EXPRESSIONIST MURDER TALE
S. I. HAYAKAWA "People speak through their stance and facial expressions."
HAYAKAWA TALKS
Swear, but smile to tell friend I love you
By STAN METZLER City Editor “Bill, you bastard ... 1 love you.’’
The scene is a meeting between two old friends.
The message is, “Bill, you bastard. how have you been.”
And the meta-message, conveyed not through words but by t h e situation surrounding the words, is. “Bill, my old friend, I love you.’*
One of the most vital problems in personal communications, se-manticist Dr. S, I. Hayakawa told the faculty yesterday, is that people must often talk not only with words, but also with their stance, tone of voice, facial expression and similar surrounding situations.
In our society, he explained, communication between men has been set in tones that would not allow a free exclamation of t h e words, “I love you.”
GRADS MUST ASK FOR DEFERMENTS
The Office of Ihe Registrar urged all graduate students yesterday in write to their local draft hoard requesting deferment as soon a* possible. This is in addition to the 103 Form sent by the Registrar’s Office.
All that is needed is a letter asking for a student deferment.
Graduates may obtain a deferment for one year. The deferment will be granted by the board if it feels the student’s field of study is essential to the national securit.v and if its quota is filled.
Thus when two men want to express this feeling to each other, he said, “they usually swear at each other, but smile at the same time.
“And as the language gets nastier. the smiles get broader.”
In such a situation, the metamessage, or message about the message, is used willingly and often knowingly by t h e communicator to assist his message.
But there are many situations, Dr. Hayakawa said, in which the communicator does not recognize the incongruence between the two.
Two classic examples of this, he said, are the woman who says with a loudening voice and reddening face, “You know damn well I never lose my temper ’; and the mother who tells the doctor of her problem child. “I tell the kid I love him a thousand times a day, but the little brat still hates me.” Dr. Hayakawa said that throughout life there are many situations in which communication by metamessage is predominant or total.
When you decline a dinner invitation, for example, the message is merely, “No. I cannot come,” but the meta-message of how sorry you are must be conveyed by the tone of voice.
It is not actually very hard to understand the message about the message. Dr. Hayakawa said, because “we have learned it before we learned to communicate with messages.”
The way a child is carried in his mother’s arms, the tone of (Continued on Page Two)
By ANDY MILLER Assistant City Editor
Despite obvious student displeasure over the $300 tuition increase effective this summer, the additional charge is necessary because USC is much more on a hand-to-mouth basis than schools with bigger endowments, Carl Franklin, vice president of financial affairs, said in an interview yesterday.
Instruction and research, approximately 66 percent of current expense, is usually paid by universities from a combination of income factors — tuition, annual gifts and endowments. Dr. Franklin said.
For the last fiscal year, tuition and fees composed 38 percent of the income; gifts, grants and contracts 40 percent; and endowment two percent.
USC has a $2,000 endowment per student, while such schools as Stanford have $23,000 per student. Approximately five percent of the money invested in endowments goes into a university’s income.
Thus, a tuition raise at USC wouldn’t be needed if endowments were larger.
“If it weren’t for the help of the annual gifts, we would have a much larger tuition. They are very vital to us. Last year gifts from alumni alone totaled $1.2 million,” Franklin said.
LSC is practically on a hand-to-mouth basis, Franklin said. In the fiscal year ending June 1966, tuition and fees income was $20,808,141. Expense for instruction and research is a shade more — $21,089,314.
But many more expenses, research through grants and contracts, libraries and
THEY NEED HELP
art galleries, plant operation and maintenance, and other costs mean that gifts must make up the difference. Larger endowments with the same amount of gifts would mean less tuition charges.
Will students on scholarships or receiving loan funds be affected by the increase to $1,800?
“In past years, the university budget for scholarships, from the general budget of the university, has increased in the same ratio as the tuition,” Mrs. Florence Scruggs, director of student aid, said.
She hasn’t heard any definite word that her budget will be raised 20 percent, in the same ratio as tuition costs. The scholarship funds do not come from tuition fees, but from gifts, governmental agencies and foundations, either directly through USC or outside the school.
“Any student who thinks he needs assistance because of the extra tuition, can apply. We review all scholarships each year, and the awards are one-year-renewable.
“It’s hard to get funds, but we might piece together three kinds of help — scholarship. loans and part-time job.”
Mrs. Scruggs expects that the Scholarship Office will be able to help just as many, or more students next year, despite the tuition increase.
Fred Weikel, loan counselor, expects a 50 percent increase in the number of applicants for approximately the same amount of loan funds.
Weikel’s office currently has 1,000 students on federal loans, 1,000 on state loans, and 300 on university loans.
“Unless they give more money, that’s it. I am not aware of any more money that the university is planning to give,” he said.
“As far as federal allocation of funds, every year we request an additional amount to take care of additional people that apply, but we don’t anticipate a great increase in federal funds to take care of the tuition increase.”
Dr. Franklin said each time the tuition has been upped, there has been an initial impact the first year on the number of student credit hours.
The second year after an increase, the number of hours is about up to where it was before the additional charge.
This trend began when tuition was raised in the fall of 1965 and also 1962, but Registrar William Hall declined to draw any conclusions between tuition increases and enrollment figures.
Conrad Wedberg, director of admissions, said that it hard to tell how the raise will affect applicants because each year students apply earlier.
“It will affect us a little bit. but not significantly so. It won’t affect applicants, because they don't know tuition is increased. The word really takes a long time to spread,” Wedberg said.
“The flow of applications for admission changes each year so much that statistics from the previous year have no bearing.
“I think that our enrollment will probably dip a little bit,” said Wedberg.
“On the other hand, other universities have been at this $1,800 level for a while. USC, by raising tuition, will now be competitive, where before it was below many schools.”
Journalist finds a task for whites: Manual Arts needs student tutors
By DONNA DeDIEMAR
Sometimes it's tough to be a journalist.
About a month ago. during the Manual Arts riots, Stan Metzler and I strayed somewhat south of the USC border. We had heard rumors at the Daily Trojan city room that the campus was in danger of attack, so we went on down.
We both felt conspicuous walking down Vermont Avenue, something like two marshmallows in a vat of hot chocolate, on top of the whole thing, but in danger of being swallowed first.
And we were threatened several times. But we were also befriended by a Times reporter who graciously took us right down into the middle of the mess—to Caladonia's Cafe. And when bottles started flying and clubs started swinging, girls began crying and policemen began arresting, I really thought the white man had no place there.
It took the declaration of an unlawful assembly to bring us home. And I had no intentions of ever going
back.
But last week I again ventured to what I thought was still a seething hot spot, but this time with a corps of three others. They weren’t journalists. just a few other brave souls who didn’t share my opinion that Manual
Arts was no place for the white.
My assignment was to observe the student-to-student counseling service, a group that treks to the high school' library each week to tutor and to talk. We met some others there, but the group, headed by Bill Prezant, obviously wasn’t at full force, and I was
Students wishing to participate in the student - to - student counseling at Manual Arts this afternoon should meet at the YWCA at 3 p.m. Transportation to the high school will be provided and all tutors will be returned to campus by 5 p.m.
compelled to expose my great lack of knowledge by helping tutor.
The tutoring was normal. Bright kids, sharp kids, like one might find at any school, had stayed after classes for help. But there was something different about this day at Manual Arts.
Over in a corner of the library, a group calling themselves Politics Insecure had gathered. Under the leadership of the head of the school's Government Department, Mr. Handle, they began discussing the role of moral judgment in today’s society and government. A few tutors joined in fairly quickly and the discussion turned to America’s involvement in Viet-to try and keep the topic moving. But even without their aid things moved nam. One boy sitting at the table wore a button saying “The Viet Cong Never Called Me A Nigger.” The girl across from him fought with everything she knew to defend the U.S. position.
It’s impossible and not really necessary to relate the conversation that transpired that afternoon. What is important is that the students of Manual Arts had the opportunity to meet and discuss and exercise their brains. And a group from USC made it possible.
“I wish we had more of you people over here,” said Mr. Handle. “We need you.”
FOOD SOUGHT FOR CHRISTMAS DRIVE AT MANUAL ARTS
Manual Arts High School is seeking help from USC in its annual Christmas canned food drive.
Sponsored by the Manual Arts student body, the drive fosters competition among the different organizations within the school to see which can donate the most. So far, the Knights, honor service society for men, and the Diaconian'.. society for women, are leading, but they, as well as the whole school, are far behind their established goals.
Collection of canned goods can be accomplished by asking froir> door to door, or visiting supermarkets and requesting damaced cans from tbeir stockrooms.
Any USC organizations interested in providing donations of money or canned goods may contact Bob Riemann of the Manual Arts Industrial Arts Department at 231-2127.
German opera to debut
By PIXIE HACK
In 1821 a soldier in Leipzig, Germany, was executed for the murder of his mistress. The murderer, who insisted “inner voices” had driven him to commit the wretched crime, was Franz Wozzeck.
From this strange, brutal occurrence and its later dramatic portrayal through a few scribbled sketches, Alban Berg formulated one of the most difficult and exciting works of contemporary opera, “Wozzeck.”
The USC Opera Theatre will present this opera in three performances, this Saturday and Dec. 8 and 10. It is a major undertaking for the group, which held auditions as far back as last May in order to give the lead performers time to master and memorize the score.
Emerging from the grimy, German expressionist movement of the early
20th century, “Wozzeck" is a consciously ugly musical description of a decadent period of time, and of a man raked over by society on every level.
Not only is the story bizarre, but so is the music and form of the opera. Based on the twelve-tone scale, “Wozzeck” is an atonal work without the traditional operatic elements such as arias and recitative.
It employs a continuous song-dia-logue with unmelodic orchestral accompaniment, requiring a great deal of virtuosity on the part of the performers and orchestra members.
Walter Ducloux, director of the Opera Theatre, has complete faith in the ability of his department to handle "Wozzeck.”
He traditionally steers away from the usual operatic war horses usually performed by university groups, reasoning that USC opera students are
of such high caliber that they warrant performing difficult and unusual works.
Tickets for “Wozzeck” are $3.50 for reserved seats, $2.50 and $1.50 for general admission. They may be purchased at the Ticket Office, 209 SU.
SENIOR CLASS TO PLAN ACTIVITIES
The Senior Class Council will meet today at 3 p.m. In 150 Von KleinSmid Center to discuss plans for future activities.
Senior Class President Al Levine said all seniors are welcome to attend.
Seniors may sign up to work on one of the class subcommittees at today’s meeting.
STUDENTS FORM A LINE — Waiting to get their Rose and they are available only to students who have ac-Bowl tickets which are on sale in front of the new grill tivity books. Ticket sales are being limited because of for $2.50 each. Today is the last day to get a ticket, the large amount of people who want them.
4

University of Southern California
DAILY • TROJAN
VOL. LEX * LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 30, 1967 NO. 48
Tuition hike a necessity, says financial affairs VP
EXPRESSIONIST MURDER TALE
S. I. HAYAKAWA "People speak through their stance and facial expressions."
HAYAKAWA TALKS
Swear, but smile to tell friend I love you
By STAN METZLER City Editor “Bill, you bastard ... 1 love you.’’
The scene is a meeting between two old friends.
The message is, “Bill, you bastard. how have you been.”
And the meta-message, conveyed not through words but by t h e situation surrounding the words, is. “Bill, my old friend, I love you.’*
One of the most vital problems in personal communications, se-manticist Dr. S, I. Hayakawa told the faculty yesterday, is that people must often talk not only with words, but also with their stance, tone of voice, facial expression and similar surrounding situations.
In our society, he explained, communication between men has been set in tones that would not allow a free exclamation of t h e words, “I love you.”
GRADS MUST ASK FOR DEFERMENTS
The Office of Ihe Registrar urged all graduate students yesterday in write to their local draft hoard requesting deferment as soon a* possible. This is in addition to the 103 Form sent by the Registrar’s Office.
All that is needed is a letter asking for a student deferment.
Graduates may obtain a deferment for one year. The deferment will be granted by the board if it feels the student’s field of study is essential to the national securit.v and if its quota is filled.
Thus when two men want to express this feeling to each other, he said, “they usually swear at each other, but smile at the same time.
“And as the language gets nastier. the smiles get broader.”
In such a situation, the metamessage, or message about the message, is used willingly and often knowingly by t h e communicator to assist his message.
But there are many situations, Dr. Hayakawa said, in which the communicator does not recognize the incongruence between the two.
Two classic examples of this, he said, are the woman who says with a loudening voice and reddening face, “You know damn well I never lose my temper ’; and the mother who tells the doctor of her problem child. “I tell the kid I love him a thousand times a day, but the little brat still hates me.” Dr. Hayakawa said that throughout life there are many situations in which communication by metamessage is predominant or total.
When you decline a dinner invitation, for example, the message is merely, “No. I cannot come,” but the meta-message of how sorry you are must be conveyed by the tone of voice.
It is not actually very hard to understand the message about the message. Dr. Hayakawa said, because “we have learned it before we learned to communicate with messages.”
The way a child is carried in his mother’s arms, the tone of (Continued on Page Two)
By ANDY MILLER Assistant City Editor
Despite obvious student displeasure over the $300 tuition increase effective this summer, the additional charge is necessary because USC is much more on a hand-to-mouth basis than schools with bigger endowments, Carl Franklin, vice president of financial affairs, said in an interview yesterday.
Instruction and research, approximately 66 percent of current expense, is usually paid by universities from a combination of income factors — tuition, annual gifts and endowments. Dr. Franklin said.
For the last fiscal year, tuition and fees composed 38 percent of the income; gifts, grants and contracts 40 percent; and endowment two percent.
USC has a $2,000 endowment per student, while such schools as Stanford have $23,000 per student. Approximately five percent of the money invested in endowments goes into a university’s income.
Thus, a tuition raise at USC wouldn’t be needed if endowments were larger.
“If it weren’t for the help of the annual gifts, we would have a much larger tuition. They are very vital to us. Last year gifts from alumni alone totaled $1.2 million,” Franklin said.
LSC is practically on a hand-to-mouth basis, Franklin said. In the fiscal year ending June 1966, tuition and fees income was $20,808,141. Expense for instruction and research is a shade more — $21,089,314.
But many more expenses, research through grants and contracts, libraries and
THEY NEED HELP
art galleries, plant operation and maintenance, and other costs mean that gifts must make up the difference. Larger endowments with the same amount of gifts would mean less tuition charges.
Will students on scholarships or receiving loan funds be affected by the increase to $1,800?
“In past years, the university budget for scholarships, from the general budget of the university, has increased in the same ratio as the tuition,” Mrs. Florence Scruggs, director of student aid, said.
She hasn’t heard any definite word that her budget will be raised 20 percent, in the same ratio as tuition costs. The scholarship funds do not come from tuition fees, but from gifts, governmental agencies and foundations, either directly through USC or outside the school.
“Any student who thinks he needs assistance because of the extra tuition, can apply. We review all scholarships each year, and the awards are one-year-renewable.
“It’s hard to get funds, but we might piece together three kinds of help — scholarship. loans and part-time job.”
Mrs. Scruggs expects that the Scholarship Office will be able to help just as many, or more students next year, despite the tuition increase.
Fred Weikel, loan counselor, expects a 50 percent increase in the number of applicants for approximately the same amount of loan funds.
Weikel’s office currently has 1,000 students on federal loans, 1,000 on state loans, and 300 on university loans.
“Unless they give more money, that’s it. I am not aware of any more money that the university is planning to give,” he said.
“As far as federal allocation of funds, every year we request an additional amount to take care of additional people that apply, but we don’t anticipate a great increase in federal funds to take care of the tuition increase.”
Dr. Franklin said each time the tuition has been upped, there has been an initial impact the first year on the number of student credit hours.
The second year after an increase, the number of hours is about up to where it was before the additional charge.
This trend began when tuition was raised in the fall of 1965 and also 1962, but Registrar William Hall declined to draw any conclusions between tuition increases and enrollment figures.
Conrad Wedberg, director of admissions, said that it hard to tell how the raise will affect applicants because each year students apply earlier.
“It will affect us a little bit. but not significantly so. It won’t affect applicants, because they don't know tuition is increased. The word really takes a long time to spread,” Wedberg said.
“The flow of applications for admission changes each year so much that statistics from the previous year have no bearing.
“I think that our enrollment will probably dip a little bit,” said Wedberg.
“On the other hand, other universities have been at this $1,800 level for a while. USC, by raising tuition, will now be competitive, where before it was below many schools.”
Journalist finds a task for whites: Manual Arts needs student tutors
By DONNA DeDIEMAR
Sometimes it's tough to be a journalist.
About a month ago. during the Manual Arts riots, Stan Metzler and I strayed somewhat south of the USC border. We had heard rumors at the Daily Trojan city room that the campus was in danger of attack, so we went on down.
We both felt conspicuous walking down Vermont Avenue, something like two marshmallows in a vat of hot chocolate, on top of the whole thing, but in danger of being swallowed first.
And we were threatened several times. But we were also befriended by a Times reporter who graciously took us right down into the middle of the mess—to Caladonia's Cafe. And when bottles started flying and clubs started swinging, girls began crying and policemen began arresting, I really thought the white man had no place there.
It took the declaration of an unlawful assembly to bring us home. And I had no intentions of ever going
back.
But last week I again ventured to what I thought was still a seething hot spot, but this time with a corps of three others. They weren’t journalists. just a few other brave souls who didn’t share my opinion that Manual
Arts was no place for the white.
My assignment was to observe the student-to-student counseling service, a group that treks to the high school' library each week to tutor and to talk. We met some others there, but the group, headed by Bill Prezant, obviously wasn’t at full force, and I was
Students wishing to participate in the student - to - student counseling at Manual Arts this afternoon should meet at the YWCA at 3 p.m. Transportation to the high school will be provided and all tutors will be returned to campus by 5 p.m.
compelled to expose my great lack of knowledge by helping tutor.
The tutoring was normal. Bright kids, sharp kids, like one might find at any school, had stayed after classes for help. But there was something different about this day at Manual Arts.
Over in a corner of the library, a group calling themselves Politics Insecure had gathered. Under the leadership of the head of the school's Government Department, Mr. Handle, they began discussing the role of moral judgment in today’s society and government. A few tutors joined in fairly quickly and the discussion turned to America’s involvement in Viet-to try and keep the topic moving. But even without their aid things moved nam. One boy sitting at the table wore a button saying “The Viet Cong Never Called Me A Nigger.” The girl across from him fought with everything she knew to defend the U.S. position.
It’s impossible and not really necessary to relate the conversation that transpired that afternoon. What is important is that the students of Manual Arts had the opportunity to meet and discuss and exercise their brains. And a group from USC made it possible.
“I wish we had more of you people over here,” said Mr. Handle. “We need you.”
FOOD SOUGHT FOR CHRISTMAS DRIVE AT MANUAL ARTS
Manual Arts High School is seeking help from USC in its annual Christmas canned food drive.
Sponsored by the Manual Arts student body, the drive fosters competition among the different organizations within the school to see which can donate the most. So far, the Knights, honor service society for men, and the Diaconian'.. society for women, are leading, but they, as well as the whole school, are far behind their established goals.
Collection of canned goods can be accomplished by asking froir> door to door, or visiting supermarkets and requesting damaced cans from tbeir stockrooms.
Any USC organizations interested in providing donations of money or canned goods may contact Bob Riemann of the Manual Arts Industrial Arts Department at 231-2127.
German opera to debut
By PIXIE HACK
In 1821 a soldier in Leipzig, Germany, was executed for the murder of his mistress. The murderer, who insisted “inner voices” had driven him to commit the wretched crime, was Franz Wozzeck.
From this strange, brutal occurrence and its later dramatic portrayal through a few scribbled sketches, Alban Berg formulated one of the most difficult and exciting works of contemporary opera, “Wozzeck.”
The USC Opera Theatre will present this opera in three performances, this Saturday and Dec. 8 and 10. It is a major undertaking for the group, which held auditions as far back as last May in order to give the lead performers time to master and memorize the score.
Emerging from the grimy, German expressionist movement of the early
20th century, “Wozzeck" is a consciously ugly musical description of a decadent period of time, and of a man raked over by society on every level.
Not only is the story bizarre, but so is the music and form of the opera. Based on the twelve-tone scale, “Wozzeck” is an atonal work without the traditional operatic elements such as arias and recitative.
It employs a continuous song-dia-logue with unmelodic orchestral accompaniment, requiring a great deal of virtuosity on the part of the performers and orchestra members.
Walter Ducloux, director of the Opera Theatre, has complete faith in the ability of his department to handle "Wozzeck.”
He traditionally steers away from the usual operatic war horses usually performed by university groups, reasoning that USC opera students are
of such high caliber that they warrant performing difficult and unusual works.
Tickets for “Wozzeck” are $3.50 for reserved seats, $2.50 and $1.50 for general admission. They may be purchased at the Ticket Office, 209 SU.
SENIOR CLASS TO PLAN ACTIVITIES
The Senior Class Council will meet today at 3 p.m. In 150 Von KleinSmid Center to discuss plans for future activities.
Senior Class President Al Levine said all seniors are welcome to attend.
Seniors may sign up to work on one of the class subcommittees at today’s meeting.
STUDENTS FORM A LINE — Waiting to get their Rose and they are available only to students who have ac-Bowl tickets which are on sale in front of the new grill tivity books. Ticket sales are being limited because of for $2.50 each. Today is the last day to get a ticket, the large amount of people who want them.
4