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HISTC) R^
CAMDEN COUNTY,
NEAA^ JERSEY.
By GEO, R. PROWELL.
Member Historical Societi/ of Penmytvanit
ILLUSTRATED.
PHILADELPHIA:
L. J. RICHARDS & CO.
1886.
PREFACE.
The evident want of a comprehensive history of Camden County and the encouragement given
by many prominent citizens whose opinions were consulted in regard to that need, induced the pub-
lishers to undertake the task of preparing this volume. The promises made by the people of the
county were generously fulfilled. After a year's diligent, faithful and well-directed effort, the book
has been completed. It is now presented for the consideration and criticism of the intelligent
reader, believing that it will meet his entire approval. Every effort has been made to prepare a
work acceptable to its patrons, creditable alike to its author and the publi.shers, and worthy of the
dignified name of history.
Great credit is due the Hon. John Clement, of Haddonfield, whose efficient aid and wise
counsel were of inestimable value during the whole period of the preparation. His interest in local
history was inspired by his intelligent father, and being a lineal descendant of one of the first settlers
of West Jersey, he was naturally impelled to continue his investigations. The knowledge which he
possesses in this field, was acquired after long and diligent research among original records and
innumerable authorities.
Among the publishers' corps of writers were Edington P. Fulton, now on the editorial stafl'of the
Philadelphia Times, Alfred Mathews, Austin N. Hungerford, J. L. Rockey, Edgar O. Wagner, Captain
Frank H. Coles and Frank J. Richards. Dr. John R.Stevenson, of Haddonfield, prepared the chapter
on medicine. Rev. F. R. Brace, the chapter on education and Hon. Edward Burrough the history of
Delaware township. Benjamin M. Braker contributed material for the chapters upon Camden and
Gloucester cities. Acknowledgements are due Peter L. Voorhees, Esq., for valuable suggestions, S. H.
Grey, Esq., and Colonel S. C. Harbert, for the use of files of early newspapers, to John W. Wright,
Colonel Robert B. Hull, Isaac C. Martindale and Howard M. Cooper, Esq., and to the members of the
press and the clergy of the county. .»
In concluding these few lines a word concerning the department of illustrations, which supple-
ments the literary contents of the volume, is not out of place. The illustrations consist largely of por-
traits of some of those men who have been, or are, prominent residents of the territory to which this
volume is devoted. These portraits, with the accompanying biographical sketches, form a feature
which is sometimes the subject of ill-considered criticism, on the ground that they are of persons living.
Nevertheless, in the judgment of the publishers, and of a great many persons who have given the
matter careful consideration, the department is one which should neither be omitted nor limited by the
insertion of the portraits and sketches of those only who are deceased. When it is borne in mind how
swiftly the stream of life and time sweeps on— how quickly the present glides into the past— there will
be few to find fault with this department ; and when a score or more of years have elapsed — when the
generations now marching in the front, and in the closely succeeding ranks, shall have passed away,
this feature will be invaluable, serving as the best reminder of some of their most conspicuous and
honored characters, to those who remain.
G. R. P.
Philadki.phia, Nov., 1886.
CONTENTS.
GENERAL HISTORY.
CHAPTER I.
Topography and Botany 1-1
CHAPTER II.
The Indians ■1-16
CHAPTER III.
Karly Colonial History 17-24
CHAPTER IV.
The Friends in West Jersey 24-30
CHAPTER V.
Early History of Old Gloucester 30-35
CHAPTER VI.
The Frtnch and Indian War 3.5-36
CHAPTER VII.
The War of the Revolution 36-77
CHAPTER VIII.
The War of 1812-14 77-86
CHAPTER IX.
The War with Mexico 86-89
CHAPTER X.
The War for the Union 83-17t<
CHAPTER XI.
The Erection of Camden County 179-186
CHAPTER XII.
avil List 186-196
CHAPTER XIII.
The Bench and Bar of Camden County 196-237
CHAPTER XIV.
A History of Medicine and Medical Men 237-308
CHAPTER XV.
Education 308-319
CHAPTER XVI.
The Frees 319-330
CHAPTER XVII.
Authors and Scientist 330-339
CHAPTER XVIII.
PubUc Internal Improvements 340-359
CHAPTER XIX.
Navigation and Ship-Building 360-385
CHAPTER XX.
Agriculture 385-395
CHAPTER XXI.
Old Grave- Yards 395-400
CITIES, BOEOUGHS AND TOWNSHIPS.
CHAPTER I.
THE CITY or CAMDEN.
Introduction — Early Settlements and Subsequent Transfers of
Land on the Site of Camden— Karly Settlements and Trans-
fers of Land on the Site of South Camden— First Town
Plan of Camden— Coopers Hill— The Kaighn Estate— Fet-
tereville— Stockton— Kaighnsville 403-424
CHAPTER II.
MUNICIPAL HISTORY.
Incorporation — Supplements to Charter — New Charter — The
First City Hall -The New City Hall— Civil List— Water
Departmuut—Fire Department 426-444
CHAPTER III.
EARLY BUSINESS INTERESTS OF CAMDEN.
Camden in 1815— Camden in 1824 — Assessmentof 1834— Manu-
facturing Industries and Interesting Facts— Pleasure Gar-
dens—" Sausage Weaving." 444-4.54
CHAPTER IV.
BANKS AND BANKING.
The First Bank in New Jei-sey- State and National Laws Gov-
erning the Banking System — The National State Bank of
Camden- The Farmers' and Mechanics' Bank— The First
National Bank— The Camden Safe Deposit Company — The
Camden National Bank 454-467
CHAPTER V.
RELIGIOUS HISTORY OP CAMDEN.
Newton Friends' Meeting— Methodist Churches— Baptist
Churches— Protestant Episcopal Churchefe- Presbyterian
Churches— Lutheran Churches— Churches of the United
Brethren in Christ— Church of the Evangelical Association
Young Men's Christian Association — Roman Catholic
Churches 467-497
CHAPTER VI.
THE SCHOOLS.
Early Schools in Camden— The Public-School System— The
New Era— Progress since 1879 — Newton Debating Society
— The Worthington Library — Private Schools— West Jer-
sey Orphanage 497-507
CHAPTER VII.
THE MANUFACTUIIING INDUSTRIES.
Iron Works — Lumber Interests of Camdon— Oil Cloth Manu-
factories-Woolen and Worsted Mills— Miscellaneous In-
dustries— Carriage-Making— Shoe and Morocco Factories. 507-538
CHAPTER VIII.
MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS.
The Post-Offlce— Marke^House8— The Bead Family— Insur-
ance Companies — The Gaslight Company — The Street
Railway- The Telephone— Building and Building Asso-
ciations—Drug Interests— Old Military Organizations-
Cemeteries— The Tornado of 1878— The Cyclone of 1885—
Hotels 538-558
CHAPTER IX.
SECRET AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES.
Free Masonry — The Independent Order of Odd Fellows —
Knights of Pythias — Improved Order of Red Men — Knights
of the Golden Eagle— Ancient Order of United Work-
men — Brotherhood of the Union — Order of United .Ameri-
can Mechanics — Independent Order of Mechanics — Mis-
cellaneous Societies 558-581
CHAPTER X.
GLOUCESTER CITY.
Topography — Early History — Fort Nassau— Gloucester as a
County Seat— County Courts and Public Buildings— The
Original Town and Some of its Inhabitants — A Deserted
Village — An Era of Prosperity Arrives — Incorporation and
City Government— Manufacturing Interests — Religious
History — Schools— Societies— Gloucester as a Pleasure Be-
sort— The Fox Hunting Club— Fisheries 582-607
CHAPTER XI.
THE BOROUGH OF HADDONFIELD.
Early History— Francis Collins, John Kay, Timothy Matlack,
Jacob Clement, Samuel Clement, Thomas Perrywolb,
Thomas Rodman, Hugh Creighton, William Griscom,
Benjamin Hartley — Local Incidents of the Revolu-
tion— Haddonfleld in 1826 and 1835— Friendship Fire
Company— Old Taverns— The Post-Office — Library Com-
pany—The Friends- Baptist Church— Methodist Church-
Episcopal Church— Presbyterian Church— Schools— Busi-
ness Interests— Societies G08-GS5
CHAPTER XII.
THE TOWNSHIP OF HADDON.
Early History of Old Newton Township — Notes from Town-
ship Records — Thomas Sharp's Account of the Newton
Settlement- Old Nowton Friends' Meeting— Schools—
Camden and Philadelphia Race-Course— CoUingswood—
Westmount 686-654
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XIII.
THE TOWNSHIP OF WATERFORD.
Topography— The Matlack Family— The CoUius'— Organiza-
tion— Gleutlale M. E. Church— Gibbsboro'— Lucas Paint
Works— Church of St. John in the Wilderness- Berlin—
*' Long-a-Coming" — Business Beginnings — Societies — Li-
brary— Churches- Berlin Cemetery— Village of Atco — So-
cieties and Churches— Chesilhurst-Waterford Village —
Churches — "Shane's Castle," the Woos Brothers and the
Beginning of Catholicism
CHAPTER XIV.
THE TOWNSHIP OF GLOUCESTER.
Description — Early Settlers — The Tonilinsons, Albertsons,
Bates, Cathcarts, Heilmans, Howells, Thornes and others
— Civil Organization — Villages of Kirkwood, Linden-
wold, Clementon, Watsontown, Brownstown, Davistown,
Spring Mills, " the lost town of Upton " and Chews Land-
ing — The Chew Family — Blackwood — The Wards and
Blackwoods— Old Hotels — Stage Lines — Churches — Socie-
ties — Education
CHAPTER XV.
THE TOWNSHIP OF WINSLOW.
Character of the Township — Set off from Gloucester — List of
Officers — Villages of Sicklerville, Williamstown Junction,
Wilton, Tansboro\ Cedar Brook, Braddock, Bine Anchor,
Ancora, Elm, Winslow Junction and Winelow — Glass
Works — Societies — Friends' Meetings and Churches , . .
CHAPTER XVI.
THE TOWNSHIP OF CENTRE.
Surface andSoil— Early Settlers and Descendants— The Huggs,
Brownings, Hillnians. Hinchmans, Thornes, Glovers and
Later Comers- Civil History— Village of Snow Hill— Soci-
eties— Churches — Magnolia — Guinea Town— Mount Eph-
CHAPTER XVIT.
THE TOWNSHIP OF DELAWARE.
Civil Hi story ^AfTaira of the Township during the Civil War
—List of Officials— Mills-Early Settlers— The Howells,
Coopers, Champions, Collins, Burrows, EUis, Heritages,
Kays, Matlacks, Shivers, Stokeses, Davises, Frenches and
others— Old Houses— Ell ieburg— Bat esvi He
CHAPTER XVIII.
THE TOWNSHIP OF STOCKTON.
Its Separation fromDelaware— Jurisdiction over River Islands
-Early Settlement— The Coles, Spicers, Woods, Willards,
Nicholsons, Morgans, Budderows, Fishs, Homers, Brown-
ings, Starns, Osiers and others— Bethel Methodist Episco-
pal Church — Old Taverns — Schools — Fisheries — Pavouia
-Wrightsvilie— Cramer Hill— Dudley— Me rch^n*- "
Stockton— Delair — Manufacturing Interests ^
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Albertsou, Chalkley 072
Albertsoi), Samuel 616
Andrews, J. E 301
An Old Stage-Ooach 345
Anthony, H. B 635
Autographs, early settlers in Gloucester township 677
Autographs, early settlers in Stockton township 742
Autographs, early settlers, Newton township G49
Autographs of Early Settlers 425
Autographs of English Noblemen 24
Baird, David 518
Bartine, D. H 295
Beatty,I.C 526
Boll, Ezra C 393
Bennett, Volney G 616
Bergen, C. A 229
Bergen, M. V 228
Braddock, Elwood 632
British stamp 38
Browning, A. M 158
Browning, Maurice 528
Brown, David B 192
Brown, Davids 590
Burrough, Edward 194
Camden Water-Front 403
Campbell, Geo 557
Carpenters' Hall 41
Chew, Sinnickson 322
Church, Broadway Methodist Episcopal 470
Church, First Baptist 477
Church, First Presbyterian 488
Church, North Baptist 480
Church of Immaculate Conception 496
Chureh, Second Presbyterian 491
Church, St. John's Episcopal 486
9
Church, Third Methodist Episcopal 408
Clement, John 212
Clement, John, Sr 214
Coffin, William 698
Coles, C. B 516
Coley, Benjamin D 121
ColUngs, E. Z 394
Cattell, AlexanderG 763
Cooper, Beiy "44
ix
Cooper, Benjamin W 743
Cooper Hospital 264
Cooper, James B GO
Cooper, John 466
Cooper, Joseph W 458
Cooper, Dr. Richard M 455
Cooper, Richard M 271
Cooper, W. B 743
Cooper, William D 218
Cramer, Alfred 758
Croft, Howland 524
Cuthbert, J. OgJen 654
Davis, Thomas II 136
Davis, Thomas W 400
Delaware Indian 5
Delaware Indian Family 7
Do Vries, David Pietersen 18
Dialogue, John H 384
Douges, John W 293
Bstaugh House 647
Evans, Ellwood 737
Fetters, Kichard 422
Fitch's First Steamboat 360
Fitch's Second Steamboat 361
Fitzgerald, Wilson 579
Fitzsimmons, P. J 497
Flint knives 9
Fort Mercer 50
Fort Mifflin 48
Fowler, P. H 593
Francine, Louis R 156
Frazee, Andrew B 372
Fredericks, Henry 514
Gatzmer, W. H 370
Gettysburg Monument 145
Gill, John 456
Great Central Fair Building 163
Grey, Philip J 320
Grey, S. H 226
Gross, Onan B 290
Haines, Joseph M 712
Hall, New City 429
Hansen, William C 159
Heath, Kobert P. S 193
LIST OF TLLUSTKATIONS.
Hendry, Charles D 2G7
Heulinge, Israel W 457
HiUmaD, Samuel S 633
Hoe of Gray Flint 10
Horsfall, Charles K 140
Howell, Joshua B 154
Hudson, Honry 17
Hylton, J. Dunbar 747
Hylton, J. Dunbar, Kesideuco of 748
Independence Bell 36
Independence Hall 47
Indian autographs 16
Indian Fort 8
Jones, Franks 437
Kifferly, Frederick 534
Kirkbride, Joel P 671
Knight, E. C 641
Lippiucott, Joshua 459
Livermore, Jonas 464
Lucas, John 658
Map (boundary) of East and West Jersey 23
Map of Camden 419
Map of Camden County 1
Map of operations on the Delaware 49
Map, Thos. Sharp, 1700 638
Martindale, Isaac C 337
Mead, Wm. T 548
Michellon, F. F 435
Middleton, F. P 580
Middleton, M. F 302
Morgan, Randal E 185
Mortar and pestle 8
Mnd Island, 1777 52
New County Court-Houso 184
Old-Time Doctor 238
Ornamental pottery, flint, etc 10
Parker, Joel
Parsons, Stephen
Piece of steatite
Pratt, Jesse
President's chair and desk, upon which the Declaration of In-
dependence was signed
Read, Edmund E
Read, John S :
Read, Joseph J
Reeve, Augustus
Reeve, Benjamin C
Reeve, Richard H
Ridge, James M
Bightmire, William H
Roe, David, Sr
Rose, Wilbur F
Rulon, Elwood
^exton, William
Sheets, John A. J
Shults, John S
Soldiers in 1812
Soldiers' Monument
Stanton, L. N
Starr, John F
Stevenson, John R
Stockham, Charles
Stocks and pillory
Taylor, H. Genet
Taylor, Othniel H ;
Thompson's Hotel and Fisheries
Tomlinsou, Ephraim
Vessel of potterj'
Voorhets, Peter L
William Peuu's burial-place
William Penn's coat of arms
WileoD, George E
TLA N T I
HISTORY
CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
CHAPTER I.
TOPOGRAPHY AND BOTANY.
TOPOGRAPHY.
Camhen County has a front on the Del-
aware River often miles, and extends sonth-
easterly about thirty miles to the line of
Atlantic County. Timber Creek, from the
river, bounds it on tiie southwest to the head
of the south branch of that stream, and by a
short land line to the head of Four-Mile
Branch, and down the whole length of that
stream to Great Egg Harbor River and
thence down that river to the Atlantic
County line. On the northeast Pensaukin
Creek from the river bounds the county to
the source of the south l)ranch, and by a line
across the country to near the head of Mullica
River, or a branch thereof, known as Atco
Atco, and thence down the stream to where
Atlantic County makes a corner near Atsion.
The streams running out of the hills are
rapid, yet the volume of water has been
materially diminished by thegradual removal
of the timber from the upland and swamps.
The effect of the tides from the Delaware
River in these streams is felt for ten or
twelve miles inland, although its flow is
hindered by mill-dams in many places. The
land in parts is hilly and rolling, but no part
is so flat or level but that it can be readily
drained. The highest point, as appears by
the gradients of the Camden and Atlantic
Railroad, is near Berlin, and shows an eleva-
tion of one hundred and ninety-six feet above
low tide-water at Camden. There is a
gradual rise from the river southeasterly un-
til it reaches the highest point at or near
Berlin, and all the streams running north-
westerly to the river find their sources in
that region. The same features exist on the
southeasterly slope, and the streams that drain
their waters into the Atlantic Ocean, originate
near the same place, thus making the region
about that town the water-shed for a large
extent of country. It may therefore be seen
that the springs of water that come to the
surface near Berlin find their way to the
Delaware River by Timber Creek, Coopers
Creek, Pensaukin Creek and Rancocas
Creek on the western slope of the county,
while the sources of Great Egg Harbor River
and of Mullica River and their tributaries,
which drain the eastern slope and emj)ty into
the Atlantic Ocean, may be found near the
same place.
Timber Creek is navigable for vessels of
light draught to Chews Landing, about ten
miles from its mouth, and Coopers Creek
1
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY. NEW JERSEY.
to Coles Landing, about the same distance.
Pensaukin C-reek is available for the same
purpose to the dam at the junction of the
north and south branches of that stream.
Along both sides of these water-courses are
extensive tracts of low, marshy laud, upon
which the tide leaves a fertile alluvion de-
posit, and which, when banked and drained,
makes valuable meadow, while towards the
heads of the streams good water-jiowers have
been made and u.sed for milling and manu-
facturing purposes. Black, yellow and
green marl is found in the belt that crosses
the county in a northeasterly direction, and
for building purpo.sesa red sandstone is found
in many localities, generall)' in thin layers
near the surface, but occasionally in thick,
compact bodies. Loam suitable for moulding
purposes is found in some of the hills along
the streams and clays for brick-making
and pottery crop out in various places.
BOTANY.
To outline the flora of .so small a section
of country as is usually embraced within
county lines would ordinarily furnish but
little matter of interest, and where an excep-
tion to this general rule is known it becomes
not only proper, but very desirable, to have it
so appear, in order to obtain the most com-
plete local history that can be prepared. That
this exception is realized in Camden County
is made abundantly manifest.
It is well known that the State of New
Jersey, with its surface of seven thousand
five hundred and seventy-six square miles,
furnisiies greater opportunities for the study
of a varied flora than almost any other State
or district of similar size in the whole United
States. The more elevated or mountainous
section in the north gives a somewliat sub-
alpine flora ; the southern counties receive, by
tlu! wasiiiug of the waves from the shores of
the Southern States, and by the birds in their
migratory flights northward, the seeds of
many strictly .southern plants ; the eastern
section supports the usual marine flora, and
the western the usual fresh-water flora, while
a section of the interior of the more southern
counties give us what is elsewhere known as
the " pine barrens of New Jersey," furnish-
ing a peculiar vegetation, one unlike that of
any other State of our Union.
O. R. Willis, in his " Catalogue of Plants
growing without Cultivation in the State of
New Jersey," says of these floral features, —
" The difference of elevation from the south
towards the north gives a wide range of
temperature, .so that while in the northern
boundaries of the State plants are found
common to New England, the southern and
coast regions yield the vegetation of Eastern
Virginia.
" The whole western border is washed l)y
the Delaware River, fed by tributaries from
Pennsylvania and New York, bringing to
its banks the seeds of a vast territory north
and west of it. Its eastern shores are washed
by the Hud.son River and the Atlantic Ocean,
wafting the seeds of many lands to the allu-
vial plains which skirt its eastern bounda-
ries. Its varied soil is another remarkable
feature of this State : limestone in the north,
accompanied by iron and peat, marl, alluvial,
arenaceous and clay deposits; with red shales
and heav}' loam, impregnated with iron, in
the middle ; while in the south and east loose
sands, i)eat and sphagnous bogs and green
sand deposits alternate with patches of loam,
in which clay more or less predominates. The
wonderful variety of soil, the differences of
elevation and tlie wide range of temperature
combine to give rise to one of the most varied
and remarkable floras of the Western Conti-
nent. The cedar swamps, with which the
pine regions are besprinkled, are the homes
ofthemo.st beautiful and remarkable indi-
viduals of the flora of the temperate zones.
There the pogonia, the liabenaria, the or-
chis, the arethusa, the cjilopogon and the
.sarracenia flourish; while tiie forests of the
north and middle are adorned with the lir-
BOTANY.
iodendron, the magnolia, tiie ilex, the kal-
inia and the rhododendron."
Among those who early gave attention to
botaniciil investigation in this distriet, or who
i)ecame qnite familiar with its flora, may be
found the names of Bartram, Collins, Kalm,
Miehaux, Schweinitz, Barton, Piirsh, Xnttall,
r)uraud and others, many collections of New
Jersey plants being scattered through the
herbaria of Europe as well as of America.
The conditions they found have, in the lapse
of many years, been very much changed.
The marshy ground along the Delaware Riv-
er just south of Camden, and running back
into the country for some distance, was a
noted place to visit in those early botanical
days, many of the rarer plants of this section
l)eing found therein, some decidedly of a
soutiiern range, and which of late years have
not been met with at all. Near Haddonheld
is another locality, where recently has been
collected a species not heretofore known to
occur north of Virginia. The townships of
Waterford and Winslow extend into the
" pine barren " region, above referred to,
where the rare and beautiful plants which
characterize its flora may be found. On the
banks of Little Timber Creek may, in shel-
tered places, still be found plants of a more
northern habitat, and this is, perhaps, the onlv
place south of Trenton where they occur. An
enumeration of these species would greatly
interest persons scientifically inclined, and
there are many such devotees among us, but
it would be too voluminous to be inserted
here ; suffice it to say that many of these
plants, which are to be found described in the
various text-books of botany, are yet qnite
local. This section has been so thoroughly
explored that very few species new to science
have been detected within the past thirty-
five yeai-s.
Of introduced plants, those whose home is
in other parts of the world, (Jamden County
has more than a full share, owing to circum-
stances which are not likelv to affect anv
other county in the State. Isaac C. ^[artin-
dale, of Camden, who is probably better ac-
quainted with the flora of this section of New
Jersey, and the localities where its rare plants
may be found, than almost any other person
now living, and who has of late years given
special study to the introduction of foreign
species and the geographical distribution of
plants, says that the past twenty-five years
has given a large influx of these. Nearly as
far back as 18(30 the late Charles F. Parker,
of Camden, and himself", while botanizing on
the Pennsylvania side of the Delaware, de-
tected a number of European plants growing
on heaps of ballast that had been unloaded
from vessels, most of which were not enum-
erated in the text-books of North American
botany, and as a new field for investigation
was thus opened, the whole of the Delaware
River front, both in New Jersey and Penn-
sylvania, was carefully examined during the
succeeding years, and the character and hab-
its of the plants studied, it was found that
many of the species of European origin were
evidently from the middle se-ction of the con-
tinent, anil a close investigation developed
the fact that large quantities of coal oil were
being shipped from Philadelphia to the sea-
j)ort towns of Germany and those along the
Mediterranean Sea; so large a trade had
s])rung up in this enterprise within a few
vears that many sailing-vessels were engaged
in its transportation. Many cargoes of coal
oil were thus shipped, and if no freight could
be obtained for a return, the vessels came
back in ballast, which was largely unloaded
in the southern part of the city of Camden,
where scores of acres of low, mai-shy land
existed. This ballast material of coui'se con-
tained many seeds of plants, which in due
season vegetated, and thus furnished, as it
were, a new link in Flora's chain on Ameri-
can soil. Occasional vessel-loads of ballast
(^ame from other parts of the world — some
from Africa, Eastern Asia, South America
and the West Indies. A few California
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
plants have also in this way been brought
to our doors.
It is well known that during the War of
the Rebellion many vessels were engaged in
carrying supplies to ports on the South At-
lantic seaboard and to the Gulf States. As
no return cargo could be obtained, vast quan-
tities of ballast were used. Much of this in
time reached here also, and in consequence
a large number of strictly .southern plants
were introduced. Partial lists of these have
from time to time appeared in the scientific
periodicals of the country, and Mr. Mai'tiu-
dale, we learn, is at present engaged in the
preparation of a complete history of this de-
partment of his favorite study.
Of the foreign plants thus introduced,
numbering perhaj)s hundreds of species, many
never appeared but once, others maintained a
foothold for a few years and then disap-
peared, whilst a large number of species have
been found year after year, showing that
while an unusual combination of circum-
stances may have led to their introduction,
they have nevertheless come to stay, often
rooting out the native plants and absolutely
taking possession of the soil, in fair illustra-
tion of the old story of the survival of the
fittest in the race for existence. The intro-
duced element being more vigorous, obtained
the mastery, and the native was obliged to
yield possession, an exact repetition of the
history of the settlement of the country by
the European nations, where the foreigners
held posse.ssion and the native American In-
dian, proving to be tlie weaker vessel, ha.s
been gradually pushed farther and farther
inland.
The greater part of the soil of Camden
County being easily cultivated, the trees have
been largely removed ; hence the acreage of
forest has become very small and little of
especial character in this line now exists that
requires mention at our hands. The original
timber has all been cut off and now but i'ew
trees of large or unusual size remain. The
wooded sections of the most eastern town-
ships have for years furnished very largely
the supply of charcoal for the Philadelphia
markets. Immeu.se numbers of hoop-poles
were also shipped to those engaged in the
West India sugar and molasses trade. The
white cedar swamps have also furnished
thousands of cedar rails annually for ship-
ment to other sections, but the great demand
for these articles has nearly exhausted the
supply and these branches of industry are
almost destroyed.
C H A P T E R I I.
THE INDIAN^
Early historians, probably through lack
of study of the literary remains of the pio-
neers and settlers of the seventeenth century,
have very much too liberally overestimated
the number of Indians in New Jersey at the
time when the first settlements by the whites
were made here. In this error they but
shared the once common belief that the abo-
rigines of North America three hundred
years ago were a powerful and numerous
])eople. Recent investigations have proved
the inaccuracy of this belief.
The historian Robert Pond estimated the
uunil)er of fighting men of eighteen given
tribes east of the Mississippi River at twenty-
seven thousand nine hundred, and total num-
ber of souls one hundred and thirty-nine
thousand five hundred. An historical ac-
count printed in Philadelphia of Colonel
Bouquet's expedition in 17(i.3 against the
Ohio Indians, asserts that there were then
fifty-six thousand five hundred and eighty
fighting men of such tribes as the French
were in connection with in Canada and the
We,st. Assuming this number to be one-
fifth of the population, they would have
had at that date two hundred and eighty-two
thousand nine hundred in the territorv now
THE INDIANS.
embraced in the United States. According
to the figures of the Indian Bureau of the
government, there are now about two hundred
and seventy-five thousand Indians in the
United States, or within a few thousands of
as many as ever roamed over the area now
embraced within the States and Territories.
Statistics and careful investigation have thus
shattered the romance of the extinguishment
of the Indian race, upon which innumerable
patlietic tales have been founded. The con-
ditions of Indian life were in every way op-
posed to the rapid increase of population.
All the collateral evidence goes to sustain
the theory that if Hendrick Hudson could
have made a census of the Indians in Schey-
ichbi (their name for the territory almost iden-
tical with the present State of New Jersey),
he would not have counted many more than
two thousand when, in 1609, he and his com-
panions iu the "Half-Moon " skirted the coast
of what is now New Jersey. Master Evelin,
writing in 1690, used this language : " I doe
account all thelndiansto be eight hundred;"
and Oldmixon, in 1708, computed that they
had been reduced to one-fourth that immber.
Evelyn and Oldmixon were below the mark,
but they were much nearer it than those
writers who have spoken of the " teeming
tiiousands " of red men. Such miscalculations
are largely traceable to circumstances which,
in their turn, are a revelation of the physical
condition of Scheyiehbi when the white man
was moving to plant his dominant standards
upon its soil. The State of New Jersey is so
rich in Indian relics that hasty observers
came to the conclusion that it must have
supported a conij)aratively dense Indian po])-
ulation. " So abundant were the Indian
villages," says Charles C Abbott, in his
" Stone Age in New Jersey," " that almost
every brook tiiat harbors a fish has now
lying among the pebbles on its bed or in the
turf upon its banks flinty arrow-points or
delicate fish-spears." \Mieu it is remem-
bered that these remains are in a great pro-
portion those of tribes that came to New
Jersey iu the seasons for hunting and fishing,
and had their permanent locations beyond, its
confines, we understand the great attractions
of the region for a primitive people, and also
the source of the errors that have been made
in enumerating the Indians of New Jersey
two centuries ago. To them and to the
strangers who foraged in it from the North
and West it was a land of plenty and
tiitness. The streams were well supplied
with fish, and the forests and the plains with
game. The recession of the glaciers had left
a soil that so easily absorbed rain that it
made quick and prodigal return for the work
of the red husbandman, who cultivated In-
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
dian corn, pumpkins and beans. The inlets
of the bay and sea were opulent with oysters
and clams, and when the Indians had eaten
of these luscious bivalves their shells were
useful for conversion into wampum.
They were of the great Lenni Lenape
nation, which then occupied the central por-
tion of what is now the United States, and
were hemmed in by the Natches, south of
the Potomac River, and the Iroquois, uortli
of the southern border of New York. They
had sacredly preserved that curious tradition
of an origin in the far West, of a march to
the eastward, a joint victory with the Iro-
quois over the Allegivi (Allegheuies) in a
terrible battle and the final establishment of
a new home upon the shores of the ocean
from which the suu rises. The myth has
long ago been resolved into an incident of
the suu or fire worship commoti to prehis-
toric faiths.
Indian Traditions. — A writer in the
" History of Philadelphia," published in 1880,
gives the following interesting, though fanci-
ful, traditions relating to the origin of our
Aborigines :
" As to their origin as members of the human
family, they liave divers legends. They claim to
have come out of a cave in the earth, like the
woodchuck and the chipmunk, to have sprung
from a snail that was transformed into a human
being and taught to hunt by a kind of Manitou,
after which it was received into the lodge of the
beaver and married the beaver's favorite daughter.
" In another myth a woman is discovered hover-
ing in mid-air above the watery waste of chaos. She
has fallen or has been expelled from heaven, and
there is no earth to offer her a resting-place. The
tortoise, however, rose from the depths and j)ut his
broad shield-like back at lier service, and she de-
scended u|)on it and made it her abode, for its dome-
like oval resembled the first emergence of dry land
from the waters of the deluge. The tortoise slept
upon the deep, and round the margin of his sjiell
barnacles gathered, the scum of the sea collected and
the floating fragments of the shredded sea-weed
accumijlated until the dry land grew apace, and
by and by there was all that broad expanse of land
which now constitutes North America. The
woman, weary of watching, worn out with sighs for
her lonesomeness, dropped ofi" into a tranc|uil
slumber, and in that sleep she dreamed of a spirit
who came to her from her lost home above the
skies, and of that dream the fruits were sons and
daughters, from whom have descended the human
race. Another legend personifies the Great Spirit
under the form of a gigantic bird that descended
upon the face of the waters and brooded there until
the earth arose. Then the (ireat Spirit, exercising
a creative power, made the plants and animals
and, lastly, man, who was formed out of the integu-
ments of the dog, and endowed with a magic arrow
that was to be preserved with great care, for it was
at ouce a blessing and a safeguard. But the man
carelessly lost the arrow, whereupon the Great
Spirit soared away upon its bird-like wings and
was no longer seen, and man had thenceforth to
hunt and struggle lor his livelihood.
" Manabohzo, relates the general Algonkin tra-
dition, created the difl'erent tribes of red men out
of the carcasses of ditt'erent animals, the beaver,
the eagle, the wolf, the serpent, the tortoise, etc.
Manabohzo, Messon, Michaboo or Nanabush is a
demi-god who works the metamorphoses of nature.
He is the king of all the beasts; his father was the
west wind, his mother the moon's great-grand-
father, and sometimes he appears in the form of a
wolf or bird, but his usual shape is that of the
gigantic hare. After Maiuibohzo masquerades in
the figure of a man of great endowments and
majestic stature, when he is a magician after the
order of Prospero; but when he takes the form of
.some impish elf, then he is more tricky than .\riel
and more full of hobgoblin devices than Puck.
" Manabohzo is the restorer of the world, sul)-
merged by a deluge which the serpent-Manitous
have created. He climbs a tree, saves himself and
sends a loon to dive for mud from which he can
make a new world. The loon fails to reach the
bottom ; the muskrat, which next attenipis the
feat, returns lifeless to the surface, but with a little
sand from which the (4reat Hare is able to re-
create the world.
"In other legends the otter and beaver dive in
vain, but the muskrat succeeds, losing his life in
the attempt."
Students of the Aryan legends regarding
the creation of the world and the Eastern
mythology (concerning the birth of demi-gods
by the union of a supernatural man witli a
female human being, will detect at once the
kinship of the myths of the Occident with
those of the (Orient. How far thev aid in
THE INDIANS.
cicterniiiiiiio- the (iriij;in of the American In-
fliiiiis on the Asiatic platean is a (jiiestion
which ethnologists arc still busily ilisciissino;.
The Lenxi Lexapk, (Hi Dk.i.awark In-
dians. — The name Lenni Lenape signifies
"original people," and came to l)e applied to
the river upon which they dwelt, until the
English decided that the name of the river
should be the Delaware. They
translated the Indi;m generic title
into Delaware also. With the Iro-
<piiiis tiic J^elaware formed the
Algon(juin division of the abo-
rigines, and were at its head ; but
not later than the middle of the
seventeenth century they surrend-
ered their primacy at the dictation
of the Iroquois and accepted the
humble place of a subordinate
nation. In this condition they were
bound to abstain from war and in
return they were protected from
invasion. The pacific relations
which existed between them and
the Europeans in New Jersey is
[)artially cx])lainable by their vir
tual abandonment of the belliger-
ent attitude which had been their
normal status.
Along the Delaware, from the
mouth of the bay northward on
the eastern side, were perha])s
twenty sub-divisions of the Lenui
Lenape people. The names which
have been preserved are in some
instances generic and in others
merely indicate thelociilities. Isaac
Mickle, in his " Reminiscences of ( )ld
Gloucester County," hands down those of the
iSewapoo.ses, Sicounesses and Naraticons apvn
Raccoon Creek, the Manteses or Mantas on
Mantua Creek and the Arniewamexes or
Arwanies on Timber Creek. These la.st-
named must have extended their pcssessions
over the present limits of Camden County.
There are no reasons to suppose that they
ditVcrcd in mux' wav from their rieigiil)()rs of
the Lenape. .Vccording to I'astor (Jam-
paniiis, in his " History of New Sweden," '
thty constructed their lodges '.>y placing a
bark roof upon poles, and when they desired
t(i fortify a village they made a palisade of
l<igs and dug a ditch on the outside. They
could fashion ruile household utensils of [xil-
nl.l.AU A I.I. IMUAN I AMII \ .
tery and they made dishes of bark and cedar
' "The Indians uf this region had no lowns or fixed
plnees of habitation ; they mostly wander around from
one place to another and generally go to those phioes
where they think they are nio^t likely to find the means
of support When they travel they carry their mats
with them wherever they go and fix them on poles,
under which they dwell. When they want fire they
strike it out of a piece of dry wood, of which they find
plenty."
HTPTORY OF CAMT>EN' OOTTNTY, NEW JERSEY.
wood and wove baskets of withes. They
were utter strangers to the uses of metals
until they learned of them from the Europe-
ans, but of stones they made arrow-heads and
spear-heads, a queer sort of a " i2;ifl " for
V\ 1M>M\ loKr
catching fish, war-clubs, hatchets, axes, dag-
gers and pestles and mortars, with which
they pounded corn into meal or clay into
paint. The neolithic or new stone
i m piemen ts and weapons unearthed
throughout tiiis county belonged
to the Ijenape Indians, just as the
paleolithic or older and ruder stone
tools did to the unknown people
who preceded them and perished iT
without leaving any records.
Their Religious Belief
and other characteristics.
The Indians worshipped a Great J
Spirit under various forms, but
the dance was their sole religious
ceremonial. The nature of their
belief in a Supreme Being has
never been more clearly illustrated
than in the following letter wintten
to a friend about I 7 4G by Conrad
Wei.ser, well known in the early history of
Pennsylvania as the great interpreter of the
Indian language :
" If by religion peopio mean iin iissent to certain
creeds or tlie observance of a set of religious du-
ties, as appointed prayers, singing, preaching,
baptism or even hcathonisli worsliiji, then it may
be said the Five Nations (Iroquois Indians) and
their neighbors have no religion. But if by relig-
ion we mean an attraction of the soul to God,
whence proceeds a confidence in and hunger after
the knowledge of Him, then this people must be
allowed to have some religion among them, not^
withstanding their sometimes savage deportment.
For we find among them some traits of a confi-
dence in (rod alone, and sometimes, though but
seldom, a vocal calling upon Him."
Weiser then cites the case of an Indian
who accompanied him upon one of his jour-
neys, and who, on being rescued from a fall
over a great precipice, exclaimed, —
" I thank the great Lord and Governor of this
world in that He has had mercy upon me and has
been willing that I should live longer."
A few days later, when Weiser himself
was in danger of death, the same Indian ad-
dressed him thus, —
" Remember that evil days are better than good
days, for when we suffer much we do not sin ; sin
will be driven out of lis by sutt'ering; but good
MourAi; ANi' rixiLi:.
days will causi^ lutn to sin, and Ctod cannot extend
His merry to them; but, coiilrariwise, when it
goeth evil with us God hath compassion on us."
Again, when, in 17(50, a immber of Inditiiis
came from Wyalusing to I'hiladelphia to
confer with {governor Hamillim on various
subjects. Chief Papomutn is recorded iiy
THE INDIANS.
9
Conrad \\'eiser to iiavc said to the (iover-
uor, —
" [ think on (nnl who made us. I want to be
instructed in His worship and service ; the great
(xod observes all that passes in our hearts and
hears all that we sav to one another."
FI.IXT KNIFE.
s>. l.v:! iricln's.
FLINT KNIFE.
fi by y'/i inches.
( )!' coiir.s(^ all these Indians whom he
( I notes had derived .some religions ideas from
tlu'ir commniiication with the whites : they
l'AHri,Y DRlt,I,KI) PIECE OF STF.ATirF.
had, in fact, superimposed these impressions
upon the vague aud misty idealism which
formed the basis of their original devotions.
If tlie word had liecii invent<'d in Weiser's
day, he might have entitled them Pantheist*.
It must he kept steadily in mind, however,
f'EUEMOXI.\L STONE Ol-
that Indian sentimentalism concerning the
supernatural was very apt to yield to entice-
ments, to plunder, bloodshed and debauchery.
Vet they became skilled theological contro-
versialists, if we are to place reliance upon the
alleged reply of an Indian chief to a Swedish
missionary who preached upon original sin
and the necessity for a mediator, at Cones-
toga, Lancaster County, Pa., in 1710. The
H.VNI'-.M-VDE AND FINGER- .MAliKEII VESSEL OF
POTTERY.
story runs tiiat the missionary was so puzzled
by the Indian logic that he requested the
University of Upsal to furnish him with a
confutation of it. The Indian speech, trans-
lated from the Latin in which the worthy
cleric embalmed it, is in part as follows :
"Since the subject of his (the missionary's) er-
rand is to persuade us to embrace a new doctrine,
perhaps it may not be amiss, before we offer him
the reasons why we cannot comply with his re-
10
HISTOKT OF CAMPEN COTTNTT, NEW JERSEY.
quest, to acquaint him with the grounds and prin-
ciples of that religion which he would have us
abandon. Our forefathers were under a strong
persuasion, as we are, that those who act well in
BY 51 INCHES.
this life shall be rewarded in the next, according
to the degree of their virtue; and on the other
hand, that those who behave wickedly here will
undcr<;o such punishments hereafter as are propor-
HORNBLENDE AX
POLISHED FLESHER.
tionate to the crimes they are guilty of. . . . We
think it evident that our notion concerning future
rewards and punishments was i-ither revealed im-
iKOUVKli HAMMER
mediately from heaven to some of our forefatliers
and from them descended to us, or that it was im-
planted in each of us at our creation by the Cre-
ator of all things. . . . Does he believe that our
forefathers, men eminent for their piety, constant
and warm in the pursuit of virtue, hoping thereby
ORNAMENTAL l>()lll,K\. (.ROOVED HAMMER.
to meet everlasting happiness, w-ere all damned?
Does he think that we, who are their zealous im-
itators in good works, earnestly endeavoring with
llio crcntost riniimspiction to tre.ad the paths of
FLESHER WITH HANDLE
lEIiCED RECORD
TABLET.
integrity, are in a state of damnation? . . . The Al-
mighty, for anything we know, may have commu-
nicated the knowledge of Himself to a difterent
race of people in a different manner. Some say
BIRD AND TORTOISK I'lPE. iU.AClC FLINT KNIFE.
they have the will of God in writing: be it so;
their revelation has no advantage above ours since
both must be equally sufficient to save, otherwise
the end of the revelation would be frustrated. . . .
Then say that the Almighty has permitted us to
FLINT PER- DrcK.S HEAD PIPE.
FOBATOR.
FLINT SKIN
.SCRAPER.
remain in fatal error through so many ages is to
represent Him as a tyrant. How is it consistent
THE INDIANS.
11
with His justice to tbroe litV upon a race of mor-
tals without their consent and then damn them
eternally without opening the door to their salva-
tion? . . . Are the Christians more virtuous, or
rather, are they not more vicious than we ? If so,
how came it to pass that they are the ohjects of
God's beneficence, while we are neglected? In a
word, we find the Christians much more depraved
in their morals than ourselves, and we judge of
their doctrines by their conduct."
Different style.s of paintiiifj; the body aud
face were adopted for feastiujj and for war,
and tattooing- with charcoal for perniaueut
ornament and for inscribing the " totem," or
representative animal or sign upon the indi-
vidual. The totems also served to distin-
guish the tribes : as, for instance, tho.se which
occupied New Jersey south of the IMuscon-
etcong Mountains were the Unarais, or tur-
tle, and the Unalachtgo, or wolf, between
whose territories there .seems never to have
been any definite delineations. The men
were warriors, hunters and fishei's, while the
women tilled the soil and performed all the
domestic aud household work.
William Penn, in a letter to Henry Savell,
dated Philadelphia, 3()th of Fifth Month, 168;5,
affirms that " the natives are proper and
shapely," and that he had " never found
more naturall sagacity, considering them
without y" help — I was almost going to .say
y° spoyle of tradition." But in comparing
the testimony of all the pioneers who record-
ed their impressions, the conclusion is evi-
dent that the primitive Indian was charac-
terized by the same vices tiiat mark his
descendants in our time.
The red inhabitants on the banks of the
Delaware possessed a willingness to l)e at
peace with the white man, if the white man
would permit. In proof of their early pa-
cific disposition, it is pertinent to introduce
here the evidence of Thomas Budd, who was
a party to the conference held at Burlington
in 1668. The whites were fearing an attack
by the Indians, because the latter were re-
ported as l>eing angered at the whites for
having .sold tlieni matcii-coats infected with
small-pox. The chiefs were asked to a meet-
ing with the settlers, and when it took place
one of them .spoke in behalf of all in the fol-
lowing lofty strain, as reported by Budd, and
believed not to have been corrupted by any
modern improvements upon his text :
" Our young men may speak such words as we
do not like nor approve of, and we cannot help
that, and some of your young men may speak such
words as you do not like, and you cannot help
that. We are your brothers, and intend to live
like brothers with you; we have no mind to have
war; . . . we are minded to live in peace. If
we intend at any time to make war, we will let you
know of it and the reason why we make war with
you; and if you make us satisfaction for the inju-
ry done us, for which the war was intended, then
we will not make war on you ; and if you intend
at any time to make war on us, we would have you
let us know of it and the reason, and then if we do
not make satisfaction for the injury done unto you,
then you may make war on us, otherwise you ought
not to do it; you are our brothers, and we are wil-
ling to live like brothers with you ; we are willing
to have a broad path for you and us to walk in,
and if the Indian is asleep in this path, the Eng-
lishman shall pass by and do him no harm ; and if
an Englishman is asleep in this path, the Indian
shall pass him by and say, ' He is an Englishman,
he is asleep ; let him alone, he loves to sleep.' "
Budd was so moved by this eloquent and
amicable demonstration that he added, —
" Tlie Indians have been very serviceable to us
by selling us venLson, Indian corn, peas and beans,
fish and fowl, buck-skins, beaver, otter and other
skins and furs; the men hunt, fish and fowl, and
the women plant the corn and carry burthens.
There are many of them of a good understanding,
considering their education, and in their publick
meetings of business they have excellent order,
one s[)eaking after another, and while one is speak-
ing all the rest keep silence, and do not so much
as whisper to one another. . . . The kings sat on
a form and we on another over against them ; they
had prepared four belts of wampum (so their cur-
rent money is called, being black and white beads
made of a fish shell) to give us as seals of the cov-
enant they made with us ; one of the kings, by
consent and appointment of the rest, stood up and
spoke."
It is interesting to compare the above with
12
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUxXTY, NEW JERSEY.
the instructions issued by the lords proprie-
tors to Governor Philip Cartei-et, February
10, 1664,—
" And lastly, if our Governors and Councellors
happen to find any Natives in our said Province
and Tract of Land aforesaid, that then you treat
them with all Humanity and Kindness and do not
in anywise grieve or oppress them, but endeavour
by a Christian carriage to manifest Piety, Justice
and Charity, and in your conversation with them,
the Manifestation whereof will prove Beneficial to
the Planters and likewise Advantageous to the
Propagation of the Gospel.'"
It is a matter of no little (lifliculty to sift
the truth from the voluminous tales of the
Swedish, Dutcli and English chroniclers who
were among the first voyagers and settlers.
It happily remained for the more .sober
and prosaic clerks who came up the Delaware
before and during Penn's days to temper
with a regard for truth the temptation to ex-
travagant writing. Easily first among these
was Rev. John Campanius, Swedish chaplain
of Governor Printz, who resided on Tini-
cum Island, near the mouth of the Schuyl-
kill, from 1642 to 1648, and was in his
leisure hours much of a rover on both sides
of the Delaware. Writing of what he saw
of the natives in those six years, he said, —
" Their way of living was very simple. With
arrows pointed with sharp stones they killed the
deer and other creatures. They made axes from
stones, which they fastened to a stick, to kill the
trees where they intended to jJant. They culti-
vated the ground with a sort of hoe made from the
shoulder-blade of a deer or a tortoise shell, sharp-
ened with stones and fastened to a stick. They
made pots of clay, mixed with powdered mussel
shells burned in fire. By friction they made fire
from two pieces of hard wood. The trees they
burnt down and cut into pieces for fire-wood. On
journeys they carried fire a great way in punk, or
sponges found growing on the trees. They burned
down great trees, and shaped them canoes by fire
and the help of sharp stones. Men and women
were dressed inskins ; the women made themselves
under-garments of wild hemp, of which they al.so
made twine to knit the feathers of turkeys, eagles,
etc., into blankets. The earth, the woods and the
rivers were the provision stores of the Indians; for
they eat all kinds of wild animals and productions
of the earth, fowls, birds, fishes and fruits, which
they find within their reach. They shoot deer,
fowls and birds with the bow and arrow ; they
take the fishes in the same manner ; when the
waters are high the fish run up the creeks and re-
turn at ebb. tide, so that the Indian.s can easily
shoot them at low water and drag them ashore.
" They eat generally but twice a day, morning
and afternoon ; the earth serves them for tables
and chairs. They sometimes broil their meat and
their fish; other times they dry them in the sun or
in the smoke and thus eat them. They make
bread out of the maize or Indian corn, which they
prepare in a manner peculiar to themselves : they
crush the grain between two gre.at stones, or on a
large piece of wood; they moisten it with water
and make it into small cakes, which they wrap up
in corn leaves and thus bake them in the ashes.
They can fast, when nece.ssity compels them, for
many days. When traveling or lying in wait for
their enemies they take with them a kind of bread
made of Indian corn and tobacco juice to allay
their hunger and quench their thirst in case they
have nothing else on hand. The drink before the
Christians came into this country was nothing
but water, but now thev are very fond of strong
liquors.' Both men and women smoke tobacco,
which grows in their country in great .abundance.
They have, besides corn, beans and pumpkins, a
sort of original dogs with short, pointed ears. . . .
When a Christian goes to visit them in their
dwellings they immediately spread on the ground
pieces of cloth and fine mats or skins; then they
produce the best they have, as bread, deer, elk or
bear's meat, fresh fish and bear's fat, to serve in
lieu of butter, which they generally broil upon the
coals. These attentions must not be despised, but
must be received with thankfulness, otherwise their
friendship will be turned to hatred. When an In-
dian visits his friend, a Christian, he must alw.iys
uncover his table at the lower end, for the Indian
will have his liberty ; and he will immediately
jump upon the table and sit upon it with his legs
crossed, for they are not accustomed to sit upon
chairs ; he then asks for whatever he would liketo
eat of"
Smith, in liis " History of New Jer.sey,"
gives in more detail and interest than
' It is believed to be a fact, and a remarkable one too,
that the North American Indians are, with the excep-
tion of the Kskimo, the only people on the face of the
globe who did not make for themselves some intoxicat-
ing or stimulating liquor.
THE INDIANS.
13
any otlicr writtT, facts relating to the
>;ocial life of the Indians who dwelt on the
east bank of the Delaware. The subjoined
deseriptiou may be accepted as a faithful
picture of the Armewauie.xes, a local name
for a small tribe who for a time inhabited the
locality of the city of Camdeu and gave to
the supposetl island site of the city tlie name
of Aquikanasra :
" It was customary with the Indians of West
Jersey, when they buried their dead, to put t'araily
utensils, bows and arrows and sometimes wampum
into the grave with them. When a person of note
died far from the place of his own residence they
would carry his bones to be buried there. They
wa,shed and [jcrfumed the dead, painted the face
and followed singly, left the dead in a sitting posi-
tion and covered the grave pyramidically. They
were very curious in preserving and repairing the
graves of their dead and pensively visited them;
did not love to be asked their judgment twice
about the same thing. They generally delighted
in mirth ; were very studious in observing the
virtues of roots and herbs, by which they usually
cured themselves of many bodily distempers, both
by outward and inward applications. They be-
sides frequently used sweating and the cold bath.
They had an aversion to beards and would not
suffer them to grow, but plucked the hair out by
the roots. . . . Their young women were orig-
inally very modest and shame-fiiced, and at mar-
riageable ages distinguished themselves with a
kind of worked mats or red and blue bags inter-
spersed with small rows of white and black wam-
pum, or half-rows of each in one, fastened to
it and then put round the head down to near the
middle of the foi'ehead. The Indians would not
allow the mentioning of the name of a friend after
death. They sometimes streaked their faces with
black when in mourning, but when their aflairs
went well they painted red. They were gre.at ob-
servers of the weather by the moon, delighted in
fine clothes, were punctual in their bargains and
observed this so much in others that it was very
difficult for a person who had once failed herein to
get any dealings with them afterward.
"Their language was high, lofty and sententious.
Their way of counting was by tens : that is to say,
two tens, three tens, etc. ; when the ninnber got
out of their reach they pointed to the stars or the
hair of their heads.
" Their government was monarchical and succes-
sive, and mostly of the mothers' side, to prevent a
spurious issue. Thrv eomnionly washed tbcir
children in cold water as soon as born, ainl to make
their limbs straight, tied them to aboard and bung
it to their back, when they traveled ; they usually
walked at nine months old. Their young men mar-
ried atsi.xteen or seventeen years of age, if by that
time they had given sufficient jtroof of their man-
hood by a large return of skins of animals. The girls
married at thirteen or fourteen, but stayed with
their mothers to hoe the ground, bear burdens,
etc., for some years after marriage. The marriagi;
ceremony was sometimes thus : the relations and
friends being present, the bridegroom delivered a
bone to the bride, she an ear of Indian corn to
him, meaning that he was to provide meat, she
bread.
"Some tribes were comraendably careful of their
aged and decrepit, endeavoring to make the re-
mains of their lives as comfortable as they could.
It was pretty generally so, except in desperate de-
cays ; then, indeed, as in other cases of the like
kind, they were soiuetimes apt to neglect them.
" The native Indians were grave, even to sadness,
upon any common, and more so upon serious, occa-
sions ; observant of those in company; of a tem-
per cool and deliberate ; never in haste to speak,
but waited for a certainty that the person who
spoke before them had finished all he had to say.
Their behavior in public councils was strictly de-
cent and instructive; every one in his turn was
heard according to rank of years. Liberty in
its fullest extent was their ruling passion ; to
this every other consideration was subservient.
Their children were trained up so as to cherish
this disposition to the utmost; they were in-
dulged to a great degree, seldom chastised with
blows and rarely chided. They dreaded slavery
more than death. Companies of them frequently
got together to feast, dance and make merry ; this
sweetened the toils of hunting ; excepting these
toils and the little action before described, they
scarcely knew any."
TjiEiR GovER^^^rENT. — A rough sort of
communal system was the basis of Indian
politics and government. Elach tribe held
its lauds in oonunon, and all its males took
part in any council that was to decide ques-
tions pertaining to the public weal. The a<l-
ministration of government was a matter far
from being confided to the chiefs or sachems
alone. Charles Thomson, secretary of tlie
Continental Congress, whose fragmentary
" Es.say upon Indian Affairs" is invaluable,
14
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JEKSEY.
points out that a nation was composed of a
number of tribes, families and towns united
by relationsiiip or friendship, each having a
particular chief. These components of the
nation were united under a kind of federal
government, with laws and customs by which
they were ruled. Mr. Thomson adds —
" Their governments, it is true, are very lax,
except to peace and war, each individual having
in his own hand the power of revenging injuries,
and when murder is committed, the next relation
having power to take revenge by putting to death
the murderer, unless he can convince the chief's
and the head men that he had just cause, and by
their means cau pacify the family by a present
and thereby put an end to the feud. The matters
which merely regard a town or family are settled
by the chiefs and head men of the town ; those
which regard the tribe, by a meeting of the chiefs
from the several towns; and those that regard the
nation, such as the making war or concluding
peace with the neighboring nations, are determined
on in a national council, composed of the chiefs
and head warriors from every tribe. Every tribe
has a chief or head man, and there is one who pre-
sides over the nation. In every town they have a
council-house, where the chief assembles the old
men and advises what is beat. In every tribe there
is a place, which is commonly the town in which
the chief resides, where the head men of the towns
meet to consult on the business that concerns them ;
and in every matter there is a grand council, or
what they call a council fire, where the heads of
the tribes and the chief warriors convene to de-
termine on peace or war. In a council of a town
all the men of the town may attend, the chief opens
the business, and either gives his opinion of what
is best, or takes the advice of such of the old men
as are heads of families or most remarkable for
prudence or knowledge. None of the young men
are allowed or presume to speak, but the whole as-
sembly at the end of every sentence or speech,
if they approve it, express their approbation by a
kind of humor noise in unison with the speaker.
The same order is observed in the meetings or
councils of the tribes and in the national councils."
L.\TER History of the Delawares. —
The declining days of the Lenni Lenape or
Delaware Indians began with their accej^tance
of neutrality at the dictation of the Inxjuois,
as already alluded to. From thence onward
they decreased in numbers and importance
until the year 1 742, wlieii, at the instance
of the Governor of Penusylva?iia, they
were ordered by the Iroquois sachems to re-
move westward from their domain in the
Delaware Valley. How completely they were
under subjugation to the sturdy braves of
the Xortli, tlie form in wliich the command
was issued to them attests. They were, when
they ventured to remonstrate, told that they
were women and liad no rights in the land
except by the consent of their masters, and
wei'e menaced with extermination if they re-
sisted. Sadly they obeyed and removed into
the interior of I'eunsylvania, where they were
subsequently joined by their kindred, the
Shawanese, from ^'irginia, and by some frag-
ments of Maryland and other tril>es. There
they recovered somewhat of tlieir ancient
spirit ; they made war upon the whites, and
after the Revolution they formed a combina-
with Eastern and Ohio tribes, which forced
the Iroquois to remove the stigma of neutral-
ity and womanhood from them.
This compulsory migration was not so
thorough, however, but that it failed to in-
clude some scattered bands south of Trenton,
in this State. In 1749 Governor Belcher
wrote that they amounted to no more than
sixty families; but three years prior (juitc an
alarm had been created by reports that a
large number of Indians from the northeast
had come into New Jersey with a view to
stirring up tlie natives to bloodshed, or as al-
lies of white insurgents who had organized
to resist enforcement of the laws respecting
land-titles. The panic was short-lived, it
soon appearing that the errand of the stran-
gers was to listen to Kev. Braiuerd, the fam-
ous missionary, who was then preaching in
Monmouth County. Among these visitors
was the Delaware chief Teedyuscung, who
had come down from the Susquehanna
Valley.
The Last Indians of New Jersey. —
In 1755 the Indians who remained on the
West Jersev side of tlie Delaware manifested
THE INDIANS.
15
much restlessness because of irapositious upon
tliem and the occupation by whites of lands
which they had not sold. In 1757 laws were
passed for their protection, but were of such
little eifect in restoring order that from May,
1 757, to June, 1758, twenty-seven murders
of whites were committed in West Jersey by
the Minisinks.' In October of the latter year
(loveruor Hernard, through the intervention
of Teedynscung, obtained a conference at
pjaston, Pennsylvania, with the Indians who
had not sold out their lands. The whole of
tile remaining titles were then extinguished
tor the consideration of one thousand pounds,
except that there was reserved to the Indians
tiie right to fish in all the rivers and bays
south of the Raritan, and to hunt on all the
uniuclosed lands. .V reservation of three
thousand acres was provided for them at
Edge Pillock, ]?urlington County, and here
the sixty individuals, who were all that re-
mained of the race that once possessed the
soil, were located, and there they and their
descendants dwelt until 1802, when they
joined the Stockbridge tribe at New Stock-
bridge, New York. Thirty years later a revival
of the claim that they had not been suffi-
ciently compensated for their ancient hunting
and fishing privileges in New Jersey led to
the mission of Shawuskukhkung, a Christian
Indian, who had been educated at Princeton
( 'ollege, and by the whites given the name of
Bartholomew S. Calvin. He presented a
memorial to the Legislature, which agreed to
pay the Indians their full demand of two
thousand dollars, although it was clear that
the previous settlement had been intended to
be final. In a letter to the Legislature on the
passage of the bill, Calvin wrote, —
'"The final act of official intercourse between the
State of New Jersey and the Delaware Indians,
who once owned nearly the whole of its territory,
has now been consummated, and in a manner
which must redound to the honor of this growing
State, and, in all probability, to the prolongation
' New Jersey Historical Collections, page Gl.
of tlie existence of a wasted yet grateful people.
I'pon this parting occasion I feel it to be an in-
cumbent duty to bear, the feeble tribute of my
praise to the high-toned justice which, in this in-
stance, and, so far as I am acquainted, in all former
times, has actuated the Councils of this Com-
monwealth in dealing with the aboriginal inhab-
itants.
"Not a drop of our blood have you spilled in
battle ; not an acre of our land have you taken but
by our consent. These facts speak for themselves
and need no comment. They place the character
of New Jersey in bold relief and bright example to
those States within whose territorial limits our
brethren still linger. Nothing but benisons can
full upon her from the lipsofaLenni I^enape.
There may be some who would despise an Indian
benediction ; but when I return to my people and
make known to them the result of my mission, the
ear of the (Ireat Sovereign of the universe, which
is still open to our cry, will be penetrated with the
invocation of blessings upon the generous sons of
New .Tersey."
Wamitai. — Tlic following (piotatiims
from works i.ssued by the publishers of this
book iire of special interest :
" Wampum passed as current money between
the early whites and Indians. There were two
kinds of it, the white and purple. They were both
worked into the form of beads, generally each
about half an inch long and one-eighth broad,
with a hole drilled through them so as to be strung
on leather or hempen strings. The white was
made out of the great conch or sea-shell, and the
purple out of the inside of the mussel shell. These
beads, after being strung, were woven by the wo-
men into belts, sometimes broader than a person's
hand and about two feet long. It was these that
were given and received at their various treaties as
seals of friendship ; in matters of less importance
only a single string was given. Two pieces of
white wampum were considered to equal in value
one of the purple." — " Hi.itonj of Montc/omn-ij
Omiifij:'
" There is enough concurrent testimony to war-
rant the conclusion that the original purpose of
wampum was exclusively mnemonic. It was a
sort of »i«Ho;v'a teclmica, like the knotted cords of
the ancient Peruvians, and doubtless, if the Indi-
ans had had intelligence to word it out, a system
of written language could have been constructed
of wampum bead figures as exi)ressive as that of a
single code and more serviceable than the Runic
arrow-head writing of the Northmen. Wampum
1(1
HISTOUr OF CA^rrEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
was given not only as a present and a conrteons
reminder, but also as a threat and a warning.
Thus, when, at Lancaster, Pa., in 1747, the chiefs
of the Five Nations forbade the Lenapes to sell
any more land and ordered them to remove to the
interior, they emphasized the command by hand-
ing them a belt. As money, its use came about in
this way : It was a memorandum of exchange, of
business transactions. Pa.ssyuud, of the Munsis,
agreed to let his daughter marry the son of Se-
canee, of the Unamis, and to give with her a
dowry of .so many beaver skins, in return for which
Secanee's son was to hunt so many days for Passy-
und. How liind the bargain and prove it? By
making a mutual note of it in the exchange of
wampum. That particular belt or string vouched
for that particular transaction. Menanee, on the
Allegheny, agrees to sell to Tamanee, on the Del-
aware, a dozen buflalo robes for forty fathoms of
duffle, with buttons, thread and red cloth to orna-
ment. A belt is exchanged to prove the transac-
tion. But that cannot be completed until the
goods are exchanged. The next step is easy : to
put a certain fixed value on each bead, so that
when Tamanee pays a belt to Menanee for his
robes, Menanee can at once hand the belt over to
the trader who has the goods and get from him the
duffle and the trimmings. Viewed in this light,
wami)um takes rank as an instrument of a-s various
and important uses as any ever employed by man.
It is as if the rosary of the pious Catholic were
suddenly invested witli the powers of a historical
monument, a diplomatic memorandum and a busi-
ness ' stub ' book, a short-hand inscription system
which is equally understood by tribes of every
variety of language and dialect, a currency of uni-
form value and universal circulation in the ex-
change of a continent, a bank of deposit, a jewelry
and personal ornament, all in one. There is no
parallel instance in all the economic history of
mankind of an article so utterly useless and value-
less in itself acquiring such a wide and multifari-
ous range of derivative values and uses."— " //w-
fiirij (if Phil'idrf/ihiii."
Indian Autographs. — The following are
characteristic specimens of Indian autographs,
EARLY rOLONTAT, FTTSTORY,
17
r H A P T E K III.
EARLY COI.ONIAI, HISTORY.
The First Navigators — Royal firanis — Settlements of
the Dutch, the Swedes and the English — New .Ter-
eey Established — Division of the Province into East
and West Jersey.
England, Holland and Sweden each hore
a part in the discovery and colonization of
New Jersey, and their claims so overlapped
each other that bloodshed and diplomatic
complications marked the progress of events
from the first attenjpt at settlement within
the province, in 1623, nntil its final conquest
l>y the English, in 1(>64. The forty years
intervening witnessed the coming of people
representing three different nations, the
conversion of the proprietorship of mnch of
the land from the Indians to the whites, the
founding of towns on either bank of the
Delaware and the laying of the foundation
of the civilization and enlightenment that
now prevails. The English claim to the
possession of this territory grew out of tiie
voyages of John and Sebastian Cabot, who,
acting under commission from Henry VII.,
sailed along the coast from Newfoundland to
about the latitude of Cape Hatteras in HOT-
OB. They bore the I'oyal authority to plant
the banner of England on any undiscovered
lands, and occupy them in the name of the
crown, but as they took no steps towards
planting a colony to establish English du-
ininion, the way was thus left open for tlie
conflict of claims to the .sovereignty of the
territory that subsequently occurred, although
the English position was sought to be
affirmed in the New England and Virginia
patents of King James I.
The DiTtH. — ^The next claim in the
order of time was that of the 'Dutch. Uu
August 2S, 1609, Henry Hudson, an English
seaman in the service of the Dutch East
India Company, entered the mouth of Dela-
ware Bay, but ditl not sail up it because of
finding shallow water and sand-bars, which
he thought rendered navigation unsafe. He
was, therefore, the discoverer of this estuary
of the ocean, as well as of New York Rav
and tlic Hudson Eiver, and it was upon his
achievements that the Dutch very justly
based their claim to the regions binding upon
the North (Hudson) River and the Delaware,
or, as they termed it, the Zuydt (South) River.'
Hudson's report of his expedition up the
Delaware was not calculated to cau.se the
Dutch to turn their commercial eye toward
this region, and all their enterprise in this
direction was turned toward Manhattan.
Captain C^ornelis Hendrick sailed up the bay
in 1615-16 and encountered some of the
HENRY HUnSON.
Minaqua Indians in the neighborhood of
Christiana, from whom he purchased some
furs. This was the beginning of the trade
that was soon to induce the colonization of
the river-shores. The Dutch States-General
' The Dutch claim to what is now New Jersey was
further increased by the voyages of Captain Block and
Captain Jacobse Mey. When they rendered an account
of their discoveries, the company by whom they had
been employed caused a full report of the voyages,
with a map of the countries that had been explored, to
be laid before the States-General, with an application
for the privileges allowed in the late edict of the State
to all discoverers. Accordingly, on the 1 1th of October,
1B14, a special grant was made in favor of the ccmipany.
They were to have the exclusive right to vi.sit the lands
and navigate the streams described, ".situate in America
between Sew France and Virginia, the sea-coasts of
which lie between tlie fortieth and forty-Hfth degrees of
latitude, and whicli iire now named New Netherland."
18
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
iu 1621 chartered the West India Company,
with especial commercial privileges, and in
1623 this corporation dispatched a ship under
command of Captain C^jrnelius Jacobse Mey,
with settlers fully provided with means of
subsistence, and a large stock of articles for
traffic with the red men. He landed some
of his people on the Hudson, and with tlie
remainder entered the Delaware, and it is
from him that Cape May takes its name.'
Mey fixed upon a place for a settlement
at Hermaoraissing, at the mouth of the 8as-
sackson, the most northerly branch of the
Gloucester River, or Timber Creek, " from
the great quantities of curious timber," says
Gabriel Thomas, " which they send in great
floats to Philadelphia." (?) Here he built a
stockade of logs and named it " Fort Nas-
sau," iu honor of a town in the circle of the
Upper Rhine, iu Germany. This was the
first atten]|it to establish a settlement upon
the eastern bank of the Delaware and in
West New Jersey.''
A body of men remained at Fort Nassau
to carry on trade with the natives, but cotem-
porarv records are almost a blank as to their
history while there. It is probable that the
fort was alternately occupied or deserted as
the demands of trade required. In a legend-
ary channel the information is couveyed that
Mey succeeded in opening intercourse with
the natives and that the communication be-
tween them was such as to give rise to feel-
ings of cimfidence and kindness.
In 1633 De Vries found the Indians in pos-
session of the post. The Walloons, whom they
had placed there, had returned to Manhattan,
(New York), having been taken off by one
of the vessels which the Dutch annually sent
around from New York Bay. Van Twiller,
'Dr. Mulford's " History of New Jersey" makes it
appear that about the time of Hendrick's voyage to the
Delaware, Mey made a similar trip from New Amster-
dam, and then named the Cape. Imt there is no evidenee
that he landed at any point, and he certainly iiiiide no
attempt to found a settlement.
'' See history of Gloucester City.
then the Governor of the New Netherlands,
restored the fort and was accused of incur-
ring extravagant expenses in this reconstruc-
tion. The Dutch made some use of it for
trading [)urposes until 1650 or 165L, when
they concluded that it was too far up the
river to be of much value and so destroyed
the stockades and buildings, Vau Twiller
ordering Commis.sary ArentCorssen to .select
the site for another structure on the river.
In 1635 it was attacked by the English, who
failed to capture it from its vigorous Dutch
defenders. The Swedes repeatedly denied
that the Dutch had any fort on the Delaware
in 1638, but against their assertions can be
iiA\iii i'n:ii:i!^i\ I'l: \ kies.
placed the Dutch accounts of expenditure
for the maintenance of Fort Na.ssau charged
for that year in the West India Company's
books. There was certainly enough of a
garrison in the fort to repiirt at once and pro-
test against the Swedish settlement at Chris-
tiana in April, 1638. Four years later the
garrison consisted of twenty men and the
fort was continually occu|)icd thenceforwitrd
until the Dutch destroyed it.
The exact site of this historic jilace is not
determinable 'and the original Indian name
of the spot cannot be given, but among the
tribes who surrounded it were the Arwames,
who hunted game and took fish where are
now the towus and farms of Camden County.
The claims of tli(> Hollanders upon West
EARLY COLONIAL HISTOKV.
19
New Jei>ey was wt'akt'iu'tl l)ecatise tliey lia<l
more important business to attend to. The
I'nr trade of the Delaware had dwindled into
insignificance in comparison with the splen-
did spoils of" conquest upon the sea and in
South America. The AVest India Company
in two years paid a dividend of" fifty per
cent, from the capture by its ships, which
were duly commissioned as men-of-war, of
Spanish silver-laden galleons. It was the
era of Dutch supremacy on the ocean ; the
era also in which the canny and brave Hol-
landers invaded South America and, after the
capture of Bahia and Pernambiico, in Bra-
zil, aspired to the conquest of the whole
continent. The neglect to cultivate the field
open to them on the Delaware brought
al)out very momentous consequences, one of
which was no less than the entrance of the
Swedes. William Usselincx, the founder of
the company, was one of its very few mem-
bers who did not lose sight of the rich op-
portunities on the Delaware in the successes
of Dutch victories elsewhere. He made a
failure in endeavoring to bring his business
associates to his way of thinking, and in
ltj'24 he abandoned them, and, transferring
his field of endeavor to Stockholm, inspired
that wise statesman, King Uustavus Adol-
plius, of Sweden, with the idea of forming a
Swedish West India Company.
Yet all the .sagacity did not depart from
Holland when Usselincx went to visit the
Swedish King. John De Laet, Killian A'an
Rensselaer, Samuel Godyn, Samuel Bloni-
niaert and other rich men^iants of Amster-
dam had received word from Isaac Do Ra-
sieres, secretary to Peter Minuet, predecessor
of Van Twiller as Governor of the New
Netherlands, that while the Dutch were
being compelled, through fear of the Indians,
to concentrate at New Amsterdam (New
York), there was a chance for a vast land
speculation on the Zuydt River. They se-
cured from the States-General a feudal con-
stitution, which gave them great privileges of
land acquisition outside of Maiihatlan Island,
and they f"ormed an agreement l)y which
Godyn and Blomuiaert became the proprie-
tors of a tract of land thirty-two miles long
and two miles deep, "from Cape Hculopen
to the mouth of a river." They took into
partnership David i'ietersen De Vries, and
in 1031 sent Captain Heyes to the Delaware
in the ship " Walrus." The latter established
on the Horekill Creek, where the town of
Lewes now stands, a colony called Swanuen-
dael (the N'alley of Swans), and constructed
Fort Oplandt for their protection. Heyes
placed Gilliss Hossett in command, and
then, crossing to the Jersey shore, bought
from ten chiefs there, on behalf of the Godyn
and Blommaert .syndicate, a block of terri-
tory extending twelve miles northward along
the bay from Cape May, and the same dis-
tance inland. In May, 1632, De Vries was
ready to set sail fi'om the Texel for the Del-
aware, when the news was brought him that
the garrison of Fort Oplandt, some thirty
men, had been massacred by the Indians.
Arriving otf SwannendacI in the following
December, he found it utterly destroyed, and
the remains of men and cattle mingled with
the charred fragments of the block-house and
palisade. He was told that an Indian chief
had stolen the Dutch coat-of-arms, ei-ected in
front of the f"ort ; that, to appea.se the whites,
the Indians had brought them tiie head of
the robber, and that the tribe, of which he
was a member, had slaughtered the colonists
in revenge. De Vries' journal demonstrates
that he placed no confidence in this story,
i>ut explained the massacre by attributing to
the Dutch shocking perfidy and cruelty in
their dealings with the Indians, and in the
treatment of their .squaws, that had provoked
the latter to inflict a fearful punishment.'
De Vries accepted this melancholy and
' AcooriUng lo .'\crelius and UiulorUunck, the garri-
son remaining in Fort Nassau were also massacred by
the Indians when tliey slaughtered the people at Fort
Oplandt.
20
HISTOr.Y OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NKW JERSEY.
.sanguinary event as terminating for the time
being all schemes of colonization on the Del-
aware, but he did what he could to restore
confidence by negotiating the first treaty of
peace ever concluded with the Indians and
propitiating them with gifts. Trading with
them for furs as he advanced, he, on January
10, 163.'5, cast anchor on the bar of Jacques
Eylandt (Windmill Island), opposite where
the city of Camden is now built. For much
of the winter his ship was held in the river
by the ice, and when released, in March, he
ran down the coast to Virginia, and then re-
turning to the Delaware, embarked his com-
patriots along its shores and turned the prow
of his vessel homeward. Thus was relin-
quished the Dutch enterpri.se of colonization
on this .stream, and Indian possession of it
remained unbroken until the Swedes came,
in 1638, except for the occasional occupancy
of Fort Nassau by trading parties who came
southward from Manhattan. There remained
nothing to show for the ambitious eiforts of
the West India Company except what little
profit had been made in the trade in furs.
The Swedes.— Upon the settlement of
the Swedes at Tinicum, under Governor
John Printz, a few families cros.sed to the
east side of the river and made a settlement
called Elfsburg, now in Elsinboro' towusliip,
Salem County. Another settlement was
made on Raccoon Creek, in filouoe.ster Coun-
ty, where now the village of Swedesboro'
stands. This settlement became the chief
post on the east side of the Delaware. It
grew and prospered, antl its people purchased
titles to the lands of the proprietors under
the grant to the Duke of York. A few
tamiiies of Swedes also settled at the mouth
of Woodbury Ci'eek, but they remained there
only a few years.
In the limits of what is now Camden
County a few Swedes settled and remained
for a short time at Fort Eriwomac, after its
abandonment by the adherents of Sir Ed-
mund Ployden, and from that time to the
occupancy of the territory under the grant
to the Duke of York, March 12, 1664, it
remained in the possession of the Indians.
A few Swedes remained in the lower part
of Gloucester County.
The English. — The occupancy of West
Jersey by the Engli.sh was under Sir Edmund
Ployden, who, June 21, 1634, received a let-
ter from Charles I., ICing of England, for
all that territory lying between New Eng-
land and Maryland. In this, as in most
early grants, no regard was paid to previous
claims, and in 1664 it was entirely ignored
by the King in the grant to the Duke of
York.
The government of the territory under
the grant to Ployden was vested in him, and
he styled it the province of New Albion.
Some of his friends, among whom were Cap-
tain Young, Robert Evelyn and thirteen
traders, left England soon after the grant
was obtained,' and sailed for the new territory.
They came up the Delaware River and landed
at the mouth of Pensaukin Creek (now
in Stockton township, Camden County),
where were living a few families of Indians
under a chief by the name of Eriwomac. At
this place a fort was built, which was named
Fort Eriwomac, where the settlers remained
four years, expecting that Ployden would
.send over to them a colony of settlers. In
the meantime he formed a government in
England to take po.ssession of the province.
A colony, in 1636, .sailed up the Delaware
River about sixty miles, to near what is now
the town of Salem, and settled there.
A numljer of " Knights and Gentlemen "
chose Beauchamp Plantagenet to select a
site for them to establish a colony in New
Albion, and they were combined with Ploy-
den U> raise the energies of the latter's com-
pany. To excite the greater interest, an
order of knighthood was instituted, which
should have for one of its objects the con-
version of the Indians to Christianity. Their
title was " The Albion Knights of the Con-
EAHLY COLONIAL HLSTORY.
21
version of tlie Twenty-tliree Kings," tlie
designation having reference to the nnmLer
of Indian chiefs supposed to exercise sway
in the province. But this ambitious project
came to naught, and PKjyden and Plaiitagenet
made no second visit to tiie Palatinate, as
New Albion was officially styled. Their
operations are by no means clearly recorded,
but wiiat is positively known of them in-
vests them with a fascination for students of
the secrets of history.
The .settlers at Fort Kriwomac became
disheartened in waiting for the earl, and
after four years abandoned the fort and
settled above and below it,' along the shores
of the Delaware.
Evelyn soon returned to England and
wrote a glow'ing acvount of the country,
urging the earl to visit the country and
take with him " three hundred men or more,
as there is no doubt but that he may doe
very well and grow rich." Plantagenet
laid out the territory on the banks of the
Delaware into manors and named them
VVatcessit. The manor embracing what is
now Salem County was chosen and set apart
for the earl. It was described by Plantag-
enet as being on " the Manteses plain, which
Master Evelyn voucheth to be twenty miles
broad and thirty long, and fifty miles
washed by two fair navigable rivers, of three
hundred thousand acres fit to plow and
sow corn, tobacco, fiax and rice, the four
staples of Albion." Three miles from
Wateessit lay the domain of Lady Barl)ara,
Baroness of Richneek, adjoining Cotton
River (Alloway's Creek), " so named of six
iiundred pound of cotton wilde on tree grow-
ing." The historian of Albion added that
this property wa.s "of twenty- four miles
compasse, of wood, huge timber trees, and
two feet black mould, much desired by the
Virginians to plant tobacco." The earl
came to the manor in 1641 and remained
't-ee history ol Stockton toWDsbip.
here with him, and they '' marched, lodged
and cabinned together among the Indians"
for seven years. When he published his
book, in 1648, it was with the object of
furthering a project for the emigration of
the " viscounts, barons, baronets, knights,
gentlemen, merchants, adventurers and
jiianters of the hopeful colony," wlio had
bound themselves in England to .settle three
thousand able, trained men in the Palatine's
domain. But they failed to fulfill their con-
tracts, perhaps because in the convulsions at
home that were forerunners of the execution
of Charles I. and the establishment of the
Protectorate under Cromwell, enterprises in
the New World were dwarfed out of sight.
Nothing more is known of Ployden and New
Albion, for a new class of contestants was
about to fill the stage.
New Jersey Established. — The Duke
of York, on casting about for court favorites
high in rank and wealth to whom to assign
some fra(;tions of the territorial succession
made him by thecrown, selected Lord Berkeley
and Sir George Carteret, to whom he convey-
ed tlie laud specified as follows :
"This indenture made the three and twentieth
day of June, in the sixteenth year of the Raigne
of our Sovereign Lord Charles the Second, by the
Grace of God of England, Scotland, France and
Ireland, King, Defender of the faith — Anno
Domine 16(54. Between his Royal Highness James
Duke of York and Albany, Earl of Ulster, Lord
High Admiral of England and Ireland, (Nonstable
of Dover Castle, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports,
and Governor of Portsmouth of the one part ;
John Lord Berkeley, Baron of Stratton, and one
of his Majestie's most honorable Privy Council;
and Sir George Carteret of Sattrum, in the county
of Devon, Knight, and one of his Majestie's most
honorable Privy Council, of the other part, Wit-
nesseth that said James Duke of York, for and in
consideration of the sum of ten shillings of lawful
money of England, to him in hand paid, by these
presents doth bargain and sell unto the said John
Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret, all that
tract of land adjacent to New England, and lying
and being to the westward of Long Island : Bound-
ed on the east part by the main sea, and part by
Hudson's River, and hath upon the west Delaware
22
HISTORY OP CAMDEN COUNTV. NEW JERSEY.
Bay or River, and exteiideth soutlnvaid to the
main ocean as far as Cape May, at the mouth of
the Delaware Bay, and to the northward as far as
the northernmost branch of said Bay or River
of Delaware, which is in forty-one degrees and
forty minutes of latitude, and worketh over tlience
a straight line to Hudson's River — which said tract
of land is hereafter to be called by the name or names
of Nova Ca?sareaor New Jersey."
The name was given in honor of Sir
George Carteret, who in 1649 was Governor
of tiie Isle of Jersey, and had made a most
gallant defense of it for the Royalists. He
was treasurer of the navy and vice-chamber-
lain of the King's household under the
Restoration. Being detected in peculation,
he was eventually expelled from the House
of Commons in 1669.
The grant to Berkeley and Carteret was a
conveyance of the powers of government as
well as of the rights of property, and they
thus became rulers as well as owners of the
country. On February lU, 1664, they issued
the first Constitution of New Jersey, which
continued in force until the province was di-
vided, in 1676. It was entitled '• The Con-
cession and Agreement of the Lords Propri-
etors of the Province of New Caisarea or New
Jersey to and w-ith all and every of the ad-
venturers and all such as shall settle or plant
there." It provided for a government com-
posed of a Governor and Council and
General Assembly. The Governor was ap-
pointed by the Proprietors and he selected
six Councillors at least or twelve at most, or
any even number between six and twelve.
These constituted the General A.ssembly, with
the addition of a representative body to l>e
chosen by the jjeople, as follows : So soon as
the proprietors' commission should be re-
ceived in the province, a writ should be is-
sued by the Governor for the election of
twelve deputies by such inhabitants as were
freemen or the chief agents of others. Hut
so soon as parishes or other divisions of the
pi*ovin(;e should be made, the inhabitants or
freeholders of the several divisions should by
writ meet on each 1st of January and choo.se
freeholders for each respective division, to be
deputies or representatives of the same, which
body of representatives, or a major part of
them, should, with the Governor and the
Council, compose the General Assembly.
Of the general scope of the form of govern-
ment thus set up. Dr. Mulford, in his " His-
tory of New Jersey," says, —
" It embodied many of the principles which be-
long to the most liberal institutions. It gave
entire exemption to the people from all taxation,
except .such as their representatives should as-
sent to, and as a further security of property, it
gave to the Assembly the full control over all
the expenditures of government. Freedom of
conscience and worship was secured to every one
who should conduct himself as a peaceable citi-
zen. The lands of the province were distributed
to the settlers for a quit-rent of half a penny per
acre, not to be paid until 1670. Justice was to be
administered by tribunals erected under popular
authority, and an additional security against the
arbitrary exercise of power was given by the con-
cession of an unlimited privilege of appeal or pe-
tition. . . . By the increase of numbers in the
representative branch of the General Assembly
the popular element would have finally acquired a
degree of strength that must have given it a con-
trolling intiuence, but the actual working of the
plan did not entirely agree with its general the-
ory."
iSiinidtaneousiy with signing tlie " Conces-
sions," the jjroprietors appoiutefl Philip Cart-
eret, a brother of Sir George, Governor of
New Jersey, and in August, 1665, he landed
at a place to which he gave the name of
Elizabeth, in honor of his sister-in-law,
Lady Carteret. 'i'his was the first perma-
nent settlement in the province. He found
trouble on his hands at the moment of his
arrival. Colonel Nicholls, who had been
l)laced in charge of aflairs at New York by
the Duke of York, had already exerted au-
thority over New Jersey, which he had
named Albania, and under his plan of settle-
ment, parties had ac(|uired from the Indians
titles to the Elizabethtown tract and the
Monmouth patent, which later was the fouu-
EARLY COLONIAL HISTORY
23
(lation of Middletuwii iiiul Shrewsburv. He
entertained exalted notions of what lie might
accomplish in " Albania '' and argued flu-
ently with the dnke for the revocation of the
Berkeley and Carteret grant, and while he was
compelled to surrender New Jersey, he sowed
the seeds of ultimate dissension and confu-
sion, but he could not prevent Phili]i Carteret
MILES K
BOI^NPARY MAP OF EAST AXP WEST .lEESEY.
from taking possession of the new settlement.
Elizabethtown was made the ca]>ital of the
colony ; Newark was founded ; flourishing
hamlets appeare<l on the shores of the bay as
far south as Sandy Hook.
From July ^0, 167;5, to February 9, l(i74,
New Jersey was again in the possession of
the Dutch, in consequence of the surrender
of New York to the Dutch fleet. They had
just put a government in Achter Kol, as
they named the province, on a working basis
when the treaty of peace between England
and Holland restored the country to the
former. King Charles II. issued a m w
patent to the Duke of York, covering liic
same territory as that of Ujljo, and the duke
executed a new conveyance t<i Sir (icorge
( 'arteret, Lord Berkeley having, on ]\Iarcii 1 S,
lfi73, sold the whole of his right and title to
the ])rovince. But just previous to making
the deed to Carteret, the duke gave a com-
mission to Edmund Andros as fiovernor of
the whole country from " the west side of
Connecticut Eiver to the east side of I>('la-
ware Bay;" and tliis duplicity ot' the
WILLIAM TENN S COAT OF ARMS.
duke's, the exactions of Andros and the
sale made by Berkeley gave rise to much
trouble. Carteret defended his claim against
Andros, but Berkeley sold his interest in New
Jer.sey to John Fenwick, to be held in trust
for Edward Byllynge.
I^hilip Carteret, in l(i71, resumed the gov-
ernment of the province. He was opposed
in every act by Andros, who kept the colony
in an uproar. Carteret was finally arrested
and taken to New York for trial. In the
mean time Byliinge made an assignment of
his ])roperty to William I'enn, ( iawen Laui-ie
and Nicholas Lucas, who were ])rominent mem-
bers of the Society of Friends in England.
24
HISTOHY OF PAAIPEX COFNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Penn and his associates applied to 8ir George
Carteret anrl secured assent for a division of
New Jersey so tiiatthe interests of the Friends
and that of Carteret would be separate. The
line of division was drawn from the south-
ern point of land on the east side of Little
Egg Harbor to a point on the Delaware in
the latitude of forty-one degrees and forty
minutes. The part east of the line remained
to Sir George Carteret as sole proprietor and
was named " East New Jersey." The part
lying between the line and the Delaware was
called " West New Jersey " and passed under
the control of William Peun and his associ-
ates.
Governors of NE^^ .Iersev — Chrono-
logical List.
GOVER>'«JRS OF EAST JERSEY.
Philip Carteret 1665 to I118I
Robert Berkeley 1682 to 168.=)
Thomas Rudyard, Deputy-Gov 1683
Gawen Lawrie 1683
LordNiel Campbell 168.5
Andrew Hamilton 1692 to 1697
.leremiah Basse 1698 to 1699
GOVERNORS OF WEST JERSEY.
Samuel Jennings, Deputy 16S1
Thomas Oliver, Governor 1684 to 168.")
John Skein, Deputy 168.5 to 1687
William Welsh, Deputy 1686
Daniel Coxe 1687
Andrew Hamilton 1692 to 1697
Jeremiah Basse, Deputy 1697 to 1699
Andrew Hamilton, Governor 1699 till surrender
to the Crown in 1702.
EAST AND WEST JERSEY UNITEP.
Lord John Cornbury, Gov 1703 to 1708
John Lovelace (died in office) 1708
Richard Ingolsby, Lieut.-Gov 1709 to 1710
Gen. Andrew Hunter 1710 to 1720
William Burnet 1720 to 1727
.Tohn Montgomery 1728 to 1731
Lewis Morris 1731 to 1732
William Crosby 1732 to 1736
John Hamilton 17.36 to 1738
The above were also (4(ivernors of New York at
the same time.
SKl'ARATi; Iliu.M MCW VoKK.
LewisMorris 1738 to 1746
John Hamilton 1746 to 1747
.lonathan Belcher 1747 to 1757
John Reading 1757 to 17.58
Francis Barnard 17.58 to 1760
Thomas Boone 1760 to 1761
Thomas Hardy 1761 to 1763
William Franklin 1763 to 1766
REVOLUTIONARY AND STATE liOVERNMEN
William Livingston 1776 to
William Patterson 1790 to
Richard Howell 1792 to
John Lambert, Vice-Pres. of Council 1802 to
.loseph Bloomfield ...' 1803 to
Aaron Ogden 1812 to
AVilliam S. Pennington 1813 to
Malilon Dickerson 1815 to
Isaac H. Williamson 1817 to
<Tarret D. Wall (declined'!
Peter D. Vroom 1829 to
Samuel Southard 1832 to Feb.,
Elias P. Seeley 1833 to
Peter D. Vroom 1835 to
Philemon Dickerson 1836 to
William Pennington 1837 to
Daniel Haines 1843 to
I'XDER NEW fONSTITfTION.
Charles C. Stratton 1845 to
Daniel Haines 1848 to
George F. Fort 1851 to
Rodman M.Price 1854 to
William A. Newell 18.57 to
Charles S. Olden 1860 to
.Joel Parker 1863 to
Marcus L. Ward 1866 to
Theodore F. Randolph 1869 to
Joel Parker 1872 to
Joseph D. Bedle 1875 to
Gen. George B. McClellan 1878 to
George C. Ludlow 1881 to
Leon Abbett 1884 to
T.
1790
1792
1801
1803
1812
1813
1815
1817
1829
1829
1832
1833
1834
18.36
1837
1843
1844
184S
1851
1854
1857
1860
1863
1866
1868
1872
1875
1878
18S1
1SS4
1X87
CHAPTER TV.
THE KRIEXP.S IX WEST JER.SEY.
Nearly all of the people who lived on the
territory now embraced within the county of
Camden and of the most part of West Jersey,
for one hundred yearsafter the first settlement
was made, were members of the Society of
n^a-
(ThF, UlKK (IF YoKK — JaMKS II.)
-UBTd
(iSlK (;E<)K<iK CAKTARKT.)
(SlE John BKKKliLEV, I'UOPR.
•y^.
(Sir EiiJUNii Axuros.)
(Edwafp Byllynce, I'RKrR.)
LfA^ ■ (c>^^r^^^^^/
/
(Thomas Codrin(;t()n, Propr.)
d9W/
T
Gov. P. Carteret.
(EpWAKfi Hyue, Lord Viscount CoRXBi-RY.)
(Gov. KOBERT BaRTLAY.)
(Lord Neill Campbell
(KOUERT VAlTtiUELLIX, PrOPR.)
26
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Friends. They were the representative people
of the western division of the colony and
for many years controlled the TiSgislativp
Assembly. Their history in this province, as
well as in that of Pennsylvania, is franght with
much interest and instruction.
The' Society. OF Friends, or Quakers,
arose in England about the middle of the sev-
enteenth century, a time of considerable reli-
gious excitement, when the honest-hearted were
aroused hy the general prevalence of vice and
immorality in which the King and court were
but examples. The term Quaker ()".e., Trembler)
was first used in 1650, and was given to the
Friends in derision by Justice Bennet. of
Derby, because George Fox, the founder of
the society, bade him and his companions to
tremble at the word of the Lord. Its ap[>li-
cation was further induced by the fact that
some of the early preachers and others trem-
bled violently when under strong religious
exercise. They even accepted the name
Quaker, so far as to style themselves " the
people called Quakers " in all official docu-
ments intended for puV)lication to the world
at large. The early form of marriage cer-
tificates contained the expression " the people
of God called Quakers," but in 1734 the
Yearly Meeting for Pennsylvania and New-
Jersey agreed " that ye words ' of God ' and
' called Quakers ' be left out of that form for
the future." In 1806 the expression was
changed to the " religious society of Friends."
Some of their principal characteristics, as
differing from other professing Christians,
wa.s in opposition to all wars, oaths and a
paid ministry, or grace of God, which is.
given to every man as a guide to salvation.
Cireorge Fox says, moreover, " When the Lord
sent me forth into the world, he forbade me
to put off my hat to any one, high or low,
and I was required to thee and thou all n^en
and women, without any respect to rich or
poor, great or small, and this made tlic sex
and professions to rage, but the Lord's power
carried me over all to His glory, and many
came to be turned to God in a little time,
for the heavenly day of the Lord sprang
from on high and broke forth apace."
For refusing to pay titiies in England, the
goods of Friends were taken to many times
the value; for absence from the national
worship twenty pounds per month was im-
posed, and when brought before the courts,
the oath of allegiance was tendered to them
as a pretext, upon their refusal to disobey the
injunction " swear not at all," for the impo-
sition of further penalties. Meetings of the
Friends were broken up, and in many cases
they were shamefully abused. The sober,
upright lives of Friends were a constant re-
proach, and aroused the hatred of many
around them. It is probable that fully one-
half of their sufferings were due to this
cause, as their persecutors certainly cared lit-
tle for religion.
In 1659 a petition was presented to Parlia-
ment, signed by one hundred and sixty-foi'.r
Friends, offering their own bodies, person for
person, to lie in prison instead of such oi' their
brethren as were under confinement and in
danger as of theii- lives therefrom. More
than two hundred and fifty died in prison,
and while some in England were sentenced to
banishment, it was only in New England
that a few were hung and others had their
ears cut off.
Their Emigration to America. — Per-
secutions were continued with more or less
severity until the accession of William and
Mary to the throne of England, when an act
of toleration was pjissed in 1689. Prior to
this, however, many Friends had sought a
home for religious liberty in M;issachusetts,
Long Island and New Jersey, and when
William Peini established his colony, in 1682,
it was but natural that a large number
should have been attracted thitiier. The first
settlement of Friends in New Jersey was at
Salem in 1676, and at Burlington in 1678.
A few of the early settlers within the
present limits of Camden Comity c*une here
THE FRIENDS IN WEST JERSEY.
from Burlington settlement, and from that
source obtained authority for the organization
of their religious meetings.'
The little notice taken of the interests of
William Penn in New Jersey and of his con-
nection with the initiatory steps for colonizing
the territory and establishing a form of gov-
ernment, is a noticeable feature in the writ-
ings of his biographers. This may be ac-
counted for by the willingness of his admir-
ers to subordinate everything to his success-
ful efforts ill founding a colony of his own,
which soon overshadowed the sparse settle-
ments on the east side of the Delaware River,
which had been planted by and were under
the patronage of John Fenwick. It was more
than seven years before he received the grant
for Pennsylvania that Penn became interested
in the effort to establish in America a colony
where Friends could enjoy with freedom the
dictates of their conscience.
' Plans of KrcaxiZation. — The orgauization luul
subordination of the Meetings of Friends are as follows :
One or more Meetings for worship constitute one Pre-
parative Meeting ; one or more Preparative Meetings
constitute one Monthly Meeting ; several Monthly Meet-
ings constitute one Quarterly Meeting ; several Quarterly
meetings constitute one Vearly Meeting, which is an in-
dependent body; yet the ditl'erent Yearly M«etings
maintain more or less of corresponilence with each
other.
The Preparative Meetings are held monthly, and
generally in the month prior to the regular Monthly
Meetings, for the preparation of reports and other busi-
ness to be presented thereat. The Monthly Meetings
are the principal executive brancli of the Society for the
exercise of the discipline over members. Regular and
voluminous reports of the proceedings are recorded, as
well as records of births, deaths and marriages. " In-
dulged " Meetings for staled periods are held by sanc-
tion of Monthly Meetings; but all Meetings subordinate
to are established permanently by authority of the
Quarterly Meetings, and these in turn by the Vearly
meeting.
The first Meeting established in what is now Camden
County was the old Xewlon Meeting. There are at
present four meetings in the county, — Haddontield
Meeting, Newton Meeting and Hicksite Friends' Meet-
ings in Haddontield and in Camden. Sketches of each
of them are given in the history of the places in which
they y re situated.
When Lord Berkeley (on March 18, 1<)7;5),
as mentioned in the preceding chapter, con-
veyed to John Fenwick his individual moi-
ety of New Jersey, for reasons which do not
appear, the right was questioned by the cretl-
itors of Edward Byllyuge, a brewer of West-
minster, Loudon, at that time in.solvent, they
suspecting that Edward Byllynge h:id paid
for the grant with money justly due to them.
After much controversy between John Fen-
wick, Edward Byllynge and Edward Byl-
lynge's creditor.s, William Penn was called
upon to act as arbitrator; who, after careful
examination and inquiry, decided that John
Fenwick was entitled to but ten parts, and
that he (Fenwick) should convey the ninety
parts of said territory to such persons as
should be chosen as trustees for the benefit
of Edward Byllynge's creditors. Thecreditors,
who were mostly Friends, pres.sed Penn into
their service as one of the trustees in the sale
of these lands and in the payment of Byl-
lynge's debts, the others being Gaweu Lau-
rie and Nicholas Lucas. On February il,
167-?, John Fenwick made conveyance of the
ninety parts to said trustees, reserving ten
parts whereon was planted his colony. In
the discharge of the intricate duties which
his position as trustee imposed upon him,
Penn's sense of justice and fair dealing was
often displayed, as were also his foresight and
business penetration. The records of the
times prove that while thus engaged he ren-
dered many valuable services not incident to
his stewardship, and also helped to frame a
form of government acceptable to adventur-
ers, that met the wishes of the owners as
well.
During these days the leading and more
thoughtful members of the Society of Friends
were casting about them for some " new
country " where the adherents to their relig-
ious belief could be at peace, and where their
persons and estates would be secure from the
hands of those who, under the color of law,
excused their shameless pei-secutions. " The
28
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
plautations in America," as heretofore stated,
were attracting some attention, and the re-
ports from there as to climate and soil were
good. William Penn was at that time a
prominent and influential member of the So-
ciety, and being one of the trustees of Byl-
lynge,New Jersey was naturally lookefl to as
the spot where their wishes could be real-
ized, and in its settlement they became inter-
ested.
The primary object was to sell the iantl to
colonists, or the debts of Edward Byllynge
could never be discharged, and to prompt
Friends to avail themselves of the opportun-
ity which now offered, a form of government
had to be established and promulgated cm-
bodying the fundamentals sought for, but not
so much at variance with the home policy as
to be rejected by tliose in authority. This
was a delicate task, and yet a necessai v one,
for this wilderness country had few induce-
ments to cause people to break up their homes
and settle here. Pa.ssing over the Concessions
and Agreements pnblislied by Berkeley and
Carteret, in 1664, as applied to the whole
territory of New Jersey, " The Concessions
and Agreements of the proprietors, freehold-
ers and inhabitants of the province of West
New Jersey in America," as made in 1676,
show the success of William Penn and his
associates in their first efforts to establish the
true basis of a representative government by
placing the fountain of power in the people.
These " concessions," contained in forty-
four chapters, are the best evidence of the
broad views and liberal sentiments of the
framers whose ol)ject was to secure those who
came within their operation and control
against the encroachments and abuses from
which they were then suffering. No one can
reiid them without being convinced that men
of strong minds and decided purpose only,
could so well j)ut their intentions into words.
Touching the vital question of ta.xation
the subject was met in this plain and direct
manner :
" They are not to impose, or suffer to be
imposed, any tax, custom or subsidy, tollage,
assessment, or any other duty whatsoever,
upon any color or pretence, how specious
soever, upon the said province and inhabit-
ants thereof, without their own cousent first
had, or other than what shall be imposed by
the authority and consent of the General As-
sembly, and that only in manner and for the
good ends and uses as aforesaid."
And again, that of " the exercise of their
consciences in matters of religious worship,"
is neither vague nor ambiguous.
" That no man, nor number of men upon
earth, hath power or authority to rule over
men's con.sciences in religious matters; there-
fore it is consented, agreed and ordained that
no person or persons whatsoever within said
jH'ovinceat any time or times hereafter, shall
be any ways, upon any pretence whatever
called in (piestion, or in the least punished
or hurt, either in person, estate or privilege,
for the sake of his opinion, judgment, faith
or worsliip towards God in matters of relig-
ion, but that all and every such person and
l)ersons may from time to time and at all
times freely and fully have and enjoy his and
their judgments, and the exercise of their
consciences in matters of religious worship
throughout all the said province."
In these "concessions and agreements " al-
most every detail necessary to the jiroper
working of a new system was anticipated
and provided for, and, as was demonstrated, it
only needed a sufficient number of settlers in
the colony to warrant its success.
To say that William Penn had neither
partnorlotin the production of this docu-
ment would be to ignore all knowledoe of
the man, and his subsequent life .of useful-
ne.ss devoted always to the advancement and
benefit of his fellow-creatures.'
' William I'enn afterwards became proprietor of the
Province of Pennsylvania, and with his further history
every intelligent reader is familiar. After a life of
jrreat usefulness, he died on the 30tli day of the Fifth
Month, 17 IS, in the 74th year of his age. Ilig remains
THE FRIENDS IN WEST JERSEY.
29
Not one of tlie New England States, nor
New York nor Virginia was qnite equal to
W^est New Jersey in its love and practice of
jierfect religious toleration. Under the dom-
inant ideas of the Friends governing here,
no man was asked for or about his creed
when otfering himself as a candidate for
public office. Never before, anywhere else
that we know of, was there set to the world
such an example of absolute and harndess
toleration. The Puritans did noble things
for liberty; the Hollanders did nobler; but
the Friends, as far as their influ-
ence extended, did noblest. '
The authors of this remarkable
Constitution addressed the Society
of Friends of England, recom-
mending the province, and invited
them to emigrate to it. The in-
vitation was not in vain, and before
the end of the year 1(J77 a colony
of more than four hundred Friends
found homes in West Jersey, and
many moi'e during the years im-
mediately succeeding. When tin'
shi[>s bearing the Burlington im-
migrants in the year 1(J78, arrived
in the Delaware the agent of An-
dros, at New Castle, reijuired them
to pay duties at that point, but
Sir William Jones decided this to
1)6 illegal, and the claims of the Duke of York
on West Jersey were then withdrawn and
the Friends were left in the full enjoyment of
independence. In November, 1G89, Sauuiel
Jennings, the Deputy-Governor of West Jer-
sey, convened the first General Assemldy,
and the Friends met together to make their
own laws. They reaffirmed the Concessions,
declared all races and religions equal, forbade
imprisonment for debt and the sale of ardent
spirits to the red men, demanded that lands
be acquired from the Indians by purchase,
were interred in the burying-groim J surrounding Jor-
daus Friends' Metting-Hou.ie in Buckinghamshire, Eng-
land.
and permitted that a criminal might be par-
doned by the person against whom the offense
was committed.
William Penn and eleven other Friends pur-
chased the province of East Jersey in 1G82.
Robert Barclay, of Scotland, author of a book
entitled " Barclay's Apology," was appointed
Governor for life, and the whole of New
Jersey was then controlled by the Friends.
During Barclay's administration there was a
large immigration of S(»tch and Irish Friends,
who eanie to tliis province to find freedom.
W I I.I.IA.M I'l.NN
I.I IM.M. I l..\l 1,,
The fir.st settlers of these people who pur-
chased lands in what is now Camden Coun-
ty, obtained shares in the proprietary right
of Edward Byllynge's trustees about 1677,
and a few years later they came to this coun-
ty and located. The line fixed between
East and West Jersey, July 1, 1076, pro-
vided that the territory of the province be
laid off into ten precincts, which, however,
were not so laid off until January 14, 1681,
old style. At that time Daniel Leeds was
surveyor-general of the Province and was or-
dered by the commissioners to divide the
river-front of the Delaware from Assanpink
to Cape May into ten equal parts, running
30
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
each tenth "so far back iuto the woods" as
to give it an area of sixty-four thousand
acres. This was accomplished, and the third
and fourth tenths extended from the river
Crapwell, or Pensauivin Creek, on the north
to tlie river Berkeley, or Oldmaus Creek, on
the south ; each of the tenths laid out as above
mentioned were also divided into tenths,
and were each called a share of propriety.
Many of the Society of Friends had fled from
the persecutions to which they were subjected
in England to Dublin, Ireland, and their at-
tention was attracted to the new country by
the exciting troubles between Edward Byl-
lynge and John Eenwick, and on the 12tli of
.\pril, 1677, Robert Turner, Robert Zane,
Thomas Tliackara, William Bates and Joseph
Sleight, all of Dublin, with the exception of
William Bates, who was of. the county of
Wickloe, Ireland, purchased one whole share
of propi'iety of the trustees of B>'llynge,
which included tiie right to locate within the
limits of \\'est Jersey. The proprietors of
West Jersey then set aside for this colony of
Friends the third tenth, which was from tliat
time called the third or Irish tenth.' In the
years 1681-82 it was ])rovided that each
tenth on wliich there were settlements should
send to the Assembly ten delegates. Tiie
third or Irish tenth having at this time
passed to the occupancy of the Dublin col-
ony, seven of them were chosen to represent
the district, viz. : William Cooper, Mark
Newbie, Henry Stacy, Francis Collins, Sam-
uel Cole, Thomas Howell and \\'illiam
Bates. The fourth tenth was not represented,
as few, if any, English people wei'e at that
time within its limits. This Assembly met
yearly until 1685, when, by reason of con-
fusion arising from the attempt of Byllynge
to assume the government, the Assembly did
not meet again until November .'5, 1692.
From tlie first landing of the I)utch, in
' A furtber accouut of the settlement of this colony
will be found in the history of Haddon township, in this
volume.
1623, to 1682 no permanent settlement of
the English had been effected within the lim-
its of what is now Camden County. The
foregoing has brought us down to the time
when the inhabitants of the third tenth and
fourth tenth in the Province of West Jersey
was represented in the Legislative Council of
the State, from which time begins the early
history of old Gloucester County, as given in
the succeeding pages.
C H A P T E R V.
KARl-Y HISTORY OF OI,l> (iLOftESTEK.
TuK preceding chapter described the royal
grants and the occupation under them, of the
Dutch, the Swedes and the English, from
the grant of 1621 to the settlement of the
Dublin colony on the third or Irish tenth,
which comprised the territory now embraced
in Camden County. Soon after the meeting
of the Assembly in November, 1685, the
proprietors, freeholders and inhabitants of
the third and fourth tenths, who had been
subjected to many inconveniences for the
transaction of public business by reason of
the distance from the county-seat of Burling-
ton and Salem, met at Arwames (Gloucester
Point), pursuant to public notice, on the 26th
of May, 1686, during the administration of
Governor Samuel Jennings, and, after much
discussion and mature deliberation, adopted
a Constitution for the government of the ter-
ritory lying between Pensauken Creek and
Oldmans Creek, it being the third and
fourth tenths, to which tliey gave the name
Gloucester County ; it thus became the only
county in West Jersey organized directly
through the action of its own people. This
Constitution [irovided for the holding of courts
at Gloucester and Red Bank, and for the elec-
tion of county officers. It also prescribed the
details of legal practice and provided for the
recordiny-of the marks of hogs and cattle. The
EARLY HISTORY OF OLD GLOTtCESTER
31
erection of Gloiioe.^ter County by the aiitliority
of the inhaliitants within its bounds was con-
firmed by the General Assembly of the prov-
ince in 1694. Its boundaries were not defi-
nitely defined and it is evident from au act
of Assembly, passed the same year the erec-
tion of the county was confirmed, tliat it did
not extend to the sea-coast, as the act referred
to provides that the few settlers residing at
Egg Harbor siiall be under jurisdiction of
Gloucester County until there shall be a suf-
ficient number to constitute a county. In
January, 1709, an act was passed more
clearly defining the county boundaries, and
in that act Egg Harbor and its vicinity were
embraced in Gloucester County. Its bounds
were given as follows: "Gloucester County
begins at the mouth of Pensaukin Creek;
thence up the same to the fork thereof; thence
along the bounds of Burlington County to
the sea ; thence along the sea-coast to (ireat
Egg Harbor River ; thence up said river to
the fork thereof; thence uj) the southernmost
and greato'st branch of the same to the head
thereof; thence in a direct line to the head of
( )ldmaus Creek ; thence down tiie same to
the Delaware River to the place of begin-
ning." In 18.S7 Atlantic County was erected,
as contemplated in the act of 1694, out of
the sea-coast townships, and in 1844 the
townships of Camden, Waterford, Newton,
Hnion, Delaware, Gloucester and Washing
ton, then constituting a part of Gloucester
County, were erected into the new county of
Camden, which was named after the city de-
signed to be its county-seat.
Extracts from Gloucehtei; County
REOonns. — -The first court for the original
county of Gloucester was held at Gloucester
in September, 1686, with Justices Francis
Collins, Thomas Thackara and John Wood
on the bench. The sheriff's jury list included
the names of William Hunt, William Jiates,
William Alvertson, William Ijovejoy, Henry
Wood, Jonathan Wood, John Hugg, James
Atkinson, Thomas Sharp, Thomas Cliaun-
ders, (leorgc Goldsmith, .lohn Ladde, Daniel
Reading, John Ithel, John Hethell, Thomas
Mattliews, WiHiam Dalboe, Anthonv N'eil-
son, John Matsoii, Tliomas Bull, Jolin Tay-
l<ir, William Salisbury. Matthew Medcalfe
and William Cooper. The findings of this
court are evidence that after the adoption of
the Arwames ConstitutioTi the people of
Gloucester ('ounty considered themselves an
independent government, with the power to
levy taxes, fix boundaries, etc. The Decem-
ber court at Gloucester in 1687 presented
two Burlington officers for conveying accused
persons out <if its jurisdiction for trial at
Bnrliugtou, and compelled one of them to
make apology. This difficulty was caused by
a dispute concerning county lioundaries. The
grand jury, at the February Session of the
court for the same year, ordered the first tax
to be laid, levying a shilling for every hun-
dred acres of land, two pence for each head
of cattle, a tax of two pence on each freeman
having neither land nor cattle and an addi-
tional head tax of one shilling on all men not
possessed of such property. Taxes were
made payable in money or produce, and an
increase in double the amount could be dis-
trained for in case of delinquency. Taxes
continued to be laid by the grand jnrv till
1694, when the power was vested bv Pro-
vincial Assembly in a quorum of the countv
justices, " with the advice, concurrence and
assistance" of the grand jury. In 171:1
this power was vested in the justices and
chosen freeholders, where it remained until
the organization of the Board of Freeholders
of the members from each township, on Feb-
ruary 13, 1798. From a taxing act passed
in 1750 it appears that there were then in
the county fourteen stores and shops, twenty-
seven mills, five ferries and more than
twenty-five taverns.
The first murder trial was a ca.se of infan
ticide which occurred in 1701, but the court
record docs not show what penaltv was
inflicted on the defendant.
32
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COTTNTY, NEW JERSEY.
The ease was tried l)y the (iovenior, Lord
Cornlmry, in person, and on December 19tli
the following record was made :
" We, the Grand Jury of the County of Glouces-
ter, doe order eighteen pence to by twelve bushels
of charcoal for the prisoner, and two pounds two
sh'llings to by three match coats for the prisoner's
use so long as she hath occasion for it, and then
to be reserved for the County's use. We allow
seven shillings and sixpence to the clerk for five
warrants to the collector to gather the above tax.
We further allow Matthew Metcalfe twelve shil-
lings and six pence for defraying the Lord Corn-
tiury's retinue's expenses when he was lately at
(Gloucester, and six shillings to John Siddons for
a Coffin for the murthered child, and six shillings
more we allow him by discount of his old tax in
1694 for bringing the Justices and Coroner to
Gloster. Wc allow eight pounds four shillings and
four pence for defraying the Lord Cornbury's and
his attendance's cxpciiccs when he was lately at
Gloucester."
Among the earliest marriages recorded in
the connty was that of Samuel Taylor and
Elizabeth Ward, on January 13, 1687, and
(ieorge \\'ard and Hannah Waynwright, on
November 17, 1697. The first birth re-
corded was that of the child of John and
Jane Burroughs, of Gloucester River, March
14, 1687.
Tiie earliest recorded meeting of justices
and freeholders was held on the 5t]i day of
the Second Month, 1715. The justices pres-
ent were Richard Bull, John Inskeep,
George Lawrence and John Rambo ; the
freeholders, John Kaighn, Peter Long, John
Ladd, Jacob Clement, Joseph Cooper, Jaco-
bus Collin and John Shivers. They pro-
vided for the building of a new prison and
court-house by a tax of eighty pounds, and
made another levy of fifteen pounds to pay.
bounties for the destruction of wolves, {lan-
thcrs and red foxes. The sum of thirty
pounds was ordered raised in 1716 for the
same purposes, and in 1717 the board levied
a tax of ten pounds for completing the
pri.sou, twenty pounds for wolves, panthers
and red foxes, and seventy jKiunds foi- Tim-
ber Creek bridge. Assessors, collectors and
conunissioners were apj)ointed to carry the
action of the board into effect. At the
meeting of November 1, 1721, the sheriff,
Josiah Kay, was allowed James ]\Iore's
horse, saddle and brass pi.stol for executing
the man, who seems to have been convicted
of highway robbery, and £9 8.s. for
executing Christiana Boff, the murderer
of her child. In the minutes of the
board on May 3, 1750, Samuel Harrison,
the sheriff, brought in a bill of £17 12s. for
whipping James McBride and for executing
John Johnson, John Steward and Ebenezcr
Caral. On this claim the following entry
w as made :
" The Board, taking sd bill into Consideration, al-
low for ye Kopes and diging ye Graves, 14s. 8 ; &
for ye rest are of Opinion yt its ye Sheriff's Office
to see ye Law Executed upon Convicts ; and as
they kn(nv no Law yt Intitles him to any Pay for
ye Execution of his Office in Such Case, think,
therefore, it would be a ill Presedent and not
warrentable in them to allow said Bill or any of ye
like kind."
The court and jury seem always to have
had a lively sense of their diguity and
to have been jealous of maintaining it. On
June 1, 1702, Nathaniel Zane was fined ten
shillings for his "affront, Abu.se and under-
vallueing of ye forman of ye Grand Jury;"
and on December 1st, Jeremiah Bate was fined
thirty shillings " for several Contcuiptuo.se
and ReHccting, Abusive Expressions u.sed to-
wards ye Bench ;" but " upon his humble sub-
mission to ye Bench and desire of tforgetful-
ness, ye same is remitted and forgotten."
An instance of tlie anxiety of the Friends,
who were the j^i'iucipal settlers of Glouces-
ter, to purge the community of all question-
able characters, was the case of Amos Nich-
olson, who, having come into the town of
(Jrccuwich, was presented by the grand
jiuy, June 2, 17U1, as " being a man of ill-
fame," and required to leave the township or
give security to indemnify the townshi])
airainst his l)econiin<r a dauirerous or trouble-
EARLY HLSTORY OF OLD GLOUCESTER.
33
some neighbor. A vagrant negro, liaving
been hroiiglit into court September 1, 1701,
by tlie sheriff, wlicse cliarges amounted to
i'l Ss , the ntgio \\ i^ oukud to be sold for
two years to any
one who wouUl
piy tlie cliarges,
his master having
the j)rivilege of
itclaiming him
by making the
^uiie disburse-
ment.
The stocks, the pillory and the whipping-
jiost were used in Colonial days for the
punishment of criuiinals on various occasions.
They were doubtless brought into use under
the authority of the old
(iloucester courts. The
punishment by the pil-
lory was severe and ex-
cruciating, the criminal
being placed in a stand-
ing position. It was not
uncommon for men to
swoon under the pain of
the pillory or the stocks.
The system by which
assisted immigrants per-
formed service in return
for the payment of their
passage-money to this
country was in full force, a:
minute of the court's j)roceedings of March
2, 1701 :
'■ (tiirtith Morgan makes complaint agst a Ser-
vant woman of her deserting of his Service ye 1st
of Instant. The servant appearing and alledging
that lier passage was paid in Seotland, she eame
I'rom, and tliat she was not any servant ; npon
which ye sd Griffith produces an order of Chester
Court, in Pensilvania, for her service of five years
to one E. Evan, &c., and his assignment to ye sd
Griffith. Whereupon ye Bench order that ye sd
Servant perform her time of Servitude, according
to ye sd assignment."
The township and county boundaries were
appear?
thi.-
determined in 17<)1, liichard Matlack,
Henrv Wood, John Hinchman, Wm. Davis,
James Whiteall, Joshua Jjord, Francis Bat-
ten and Jacob Spicer having been appointed
by the Board of Freeholders, on ALay l.'?th,
to have the work done. They employed
as surveyor Samuel Clement to run the
line, and his completed work was sub-
mitted to the board at the September meet-
ing. In 1764 Surveyor Thomas Denny
ran and marked the lines between Gloucester
and Salem Counties. He was, himself, a
member of the commission charged with the
undertaking, his associates being Francis
Battin and Geoi'ge Flanigan. In the fol-
lowing year the arms belonging to the
county were, by order of the justices and
freeholders, divided into four e(iual lots and
delivered to John Hinchman, John Mickle,
Samuel Harrison, John Hider, Alexander
Randall, George Flanigan, Michael Fisher
and John Sparks, who, pursuant to in.struc-
tions, sold them and turned the proceeds into
the county treasury.
Public Building.s. — A jail was built
at Gloucester in 1689. (See history of Glou-
cester City). Courts were held in taverns
and private houses until 1696, when a
court-house and jail as one building was
erected, which, with additions and repairs,
was used until 1786, when it was destroyed
by fire, and a majority of the Hoard of Free-
holders voted in favor of erecting new
structures instead of repairing the old ones,
aud agreed to petition the General Assend)]y
for an act to erect new Ijnildings at such a
place as shall be designated by a majority of
the people of the county at an election to be
held for that purpose.
WoODBt'RY HECOMKS THK CoI'N'IY-SkAT.
— Notwithstanding that there is no iccorded
evidence of the matter, it is a generally ac-
cepted belief that the election was held, that
the people voted to locate the new building at
Woodbury, and that this decision transferred
the countyseat from Gloucester to that town.
34
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
On August .'5, 178G, James Brown, John
Jessop and Samuel Hugg were constituted
"to agree with the workmen and purchase
materials for the building of the gaol and
court-house at Woodbury," and a tax of
j£108 6s. 8c/. was ordered to defray the ex-
pense. At the meeting of the board, ou Sep-
tember 29, 1786, the board accepted John
Bispham's offer of a lot at Woodbury, and
James Wilkins, John Wilkius and Joseph
Reeves were appointed a committee to survey
the lot and receive the deed, for which they
were authorized to ])ay fifty pounds. When
the managers' accounts were finally passed,
on Juue 18, 1790, it was found that the cost
of the court-house and jail had been more
than twelve thousand dollars. The interior of
the house is now very much like what it was
when first built. The stonecolumns, steps, etc.,
in front were added many years ago, and the
steeple and belfry have been more than once
rebuilt.
Joshua L. Howell, Phineas Lord, John
Blackwood, John Brick, John E. Hopkins
and John Thorn were commissioned, on No-
vember 24, 1797, to buy a lot at Woodbury
and erect a building for the keeping of the
records removed from Gloucester. This
structure has been occupied since 1820 as the
surrogate's office, while the building then
erected for the surrogate has been made the
clei'k's office.
Woodbury, the seat of justice of Glouces-
ter County since its removal from the town
of Gloucester, in 1787, and the place where
the law was dispensed to the citizens of what
is Camden County, previous to its erection in
1844, is located at tiie head of navigation on
Woodbiiiy Creek, and was ])robably settled
as early as 1681. liichard Wood took up
laud a mile iiirther down the creek in tiiat
year, and some time between then and 16s4
his brother made a home on the present site
of the town. The Woods came froni some
one of the many towns in England named
Bury, and hence the derivation of the name
of the new settlement.' In 1688 four hun-
dred and thirty-two acres of land on Wood-
bury Creek were surveyed for Jonathan
Wood. From that date until the War of
the Revolution the place is destitute of any
history that has been preserved, but the inci-
dents of the military movements in 1777 in
the neighborhood go to show that it must
then have had a poi)ulation of two hundred
or more. During the winter of 1777, Loi'd
Corn wallis had his headquarters in the resi-
dence now occupied by the family of tlio
late Amos Campbell, and the doors and cup-
boards still bear the marks of the British
bayonets used in forcing them open. In 1815
the town had grown so as to re(piire four tav-
erns for the local and traveling trade ; it had
also seven merchants and three physicians
and there were seventy-one dwellings.
Among the leading citizens then were James
Roe, John C. Smallwood, John M. Watson,
John Mickle, Robert K. Matlack, Thomas
Jefferson Cade and Benjamin I'. Howell.
The oldest dwelling-house now standing is
the Joseph Franklin residence, which was
built in the early part of the eighteenth cen-
' " It seems tlie little colony soon became short of
provisions and none being nearer than Burlington, the
male colonists slarted off in canoes for that place to ob-
tain some. A storm prevented their return as soon as
expected, — the provisions left for the women were ex-
hausted, — and the poor creatures, overwhelmed with
grief, looked fur nothing but starvation in a strange
land with none of their kindred near to soothe their
dying momeiiK. Thus they were grouped together at
the bend of the creek, watching with tearful eyes the
flowing tide and listening in vain for the sound of the
returning paddles, when an Indian woman appeared on
the opposite bank, saw they were in trouble and
stopped. By their signs she understood their wants
and then disappeared in the shade of the forest. In
an hour or two (for she bad gone several miles) she
returned loaded witli venison and corn bread. These
she placed on a long piece of bark and, walking a good
wny to tidcward, set it afloat and gave it a push across.
It came to where tlio white women were and its contents
saved their lives ; for their husbands returned not for
such a length of time that but for her, starvation would
have been inevitable.'' — New Jersey Historical Collcc-
tinns.
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR.
36
tiu'v. Woddhiiry was iiicorponiteil as a bor-
ongli in l<So4 and as a city in 1870. In-
cluded in the old organizations of citizens
were the Fox Hunting Clul), established in
1776 ; the Library Company, instituted in
1794 ; and the Whirligig Society, which was
organized in 1809 " with authority to sup-
press all riots and whirligig all gamblers,
showmen and such characters as are com-
monly called Fair Plays." The Friends
erected a meeting-honse in 1715 or 1716, and
the Presbyterians had a log church in 1721.
The Methodist ICpiscopal Society was organ-
ized in 1S03 and the African Methodist
Episcopal in 1817.
CHAPTER XI.
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR.
ALTHOiKiii New Jersey was at no time
seriously threatened by the war which Eng-
land waged with the French and their In-
dian allies in North America, and whicii
may be said to have virtually begun in 1749,
and continued until the utter defeat of the
French and the treaty of peace in 1763,
the meagre information which has been
preserved of her action demonstrates that she
was in no wise backward to obey the calls
for troops to serve against the common foe.'
' Oue of the scanty references to this epoch is con-
tained in Wickes' '' History of Medicine in New Jersey,"
which says : " We date a positive advance in medicine
in New Jersey from the French and English War. . . .
New Jersey raised a complement of 1000 men, tiiiilt
barracks ai Burlin^on, 'I'renton, New lirunswick,
Amhoy and Klizabethtown, each for the accommodation
of oOO men. It maintained this complement for the
years 1708, '5'.l and 'CO, and in the two succeeding
years furnished 000, besides men and officers for gar-
rison duty. These popular measui'es furnished the
school much needed for training a soldiery to be avail-
able for the defence of American liberty a decade after-
ward, and for the training of medical men no less.
The physicians who were commissioned as surgeons and
surgeons' mates, being brought into association with
the British officers, were led to kuow their inferiority,
The conflicting territorial clainis of England
arid France on the American continent, the
long-standing animosity of the two people,
and the competition between the French and
English frontiersmen on the upper tribu-
taries of the Ohio River explain the out-
break of tJie war. In 1746 New Jersey
was required to furnish five hundi'ed men
for service under the English flag, and in
response six hundred and sixty offered
themselves for enlistment. Again, in 1755,
the Assembly resolved to raise and equip a
battalion of five hundred men, and an excess
])resented themselves for enlistment. When
the enemy reached the country west of the
Delaware, New Jersey received many refugees
who had been driven out from their homes,
while her wealthy citizens bore a large part
of the expense in raising troops to defend the
western border. It is said tliat one thousand
were sent from the colony after the surren-
der of Castle William, on the .southern shore
of Lake George, and three thousand more
were put in readiness to march should occa-
sion require. During 1758, 1759 and 1760
the colony kept her complement full of oue
thousand men in the field, and in 1761-62
six hundred, besides a company of sixty-four
for garrison duty during the latter year.
The annual expense of this military estab-
lishment is represented at forty thousand
pounds."
We are not allowed to suppose that any
considerable proportion of these troops came
from the Camden vicinage, or even that old
(rloucester County was largely re|)re.scnted
in the ranks. A hundred and thirty years
ago Southern and Western Jersey was too
Sparsely jjopulated to be of great value as a
and were stimulated to improve their opportunities of
practice and of intercourse with their more cultivated
compeers."
'' Cushing's " History of Gloucester County." Mul-
ford's History says: "New Jersey had raised, at
different periods, near X'300,000, and for a great part
of the time had maintained a force of 1000 men, be-
sides particular bodies for special services.''
36
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
recruiting ground ; and, moreover, more tlian
half tlie people were Friends and forbidden
by their religions principles to engage in
warfare. In and around Haddonfield linger
traditions of the departure of a small squad
or two, to join the forces at the front, but
the very names of these volunteers have
perished, and if any of them distinguished
themselves in the combat against tiie French
and their savage allies, they have i)assed to
the roll of unsung heroes.
CHAPTER VII.
THK MAR OF THp; REVOIJTTION.
In the War of the Revolution New Jersey
bore a conspicuous and honorable part, and
the county of Gloucester, of which C'anulen
C^ounty then formed a part, is fertile in his-
torical associations of that eventful period.
A faithful effort has been made to portray
them in the succeeding pages of this chapter
and weave around them every interest which
their importance demands, as well as to show
the relation of the State and county to that
ever memorable war. Gloucester County
furnished a large number of soldiers who
joined the patriot army, participated in nu-
merous battles and won many brilliant
achievements.
Causes OF the WAR.-The colony of New
Jersey shared with her sister colonies that
devotion to the crown at the termination of
the Frencli and Indian War which William
(iriffith has so lucidly described in his " His-
torical Notes oi' the Aincrican Colonies and
Revolution."'
'This is a rare .and invalimblc book. It was designed
by the oullior as an introduction to his " Law Kegis-
ter," hut he died before its completion. It was pub-
lished by his executors in 18;!(i, and after it was
printed some controversy arose between the persons
concerned, in consequence of which the entire edition,
wiili the exception of six copies, was destroyed. One
of tliose saved is in the possession of Judge .John ('lem-
" At the close of the war (of 1756) between Great
Britain and France, tenuinatetl by the Treaty of
Paris, in 17G3, the British Colonies of North
America were attached to the mother-country by
every tie which could add strength to the con-
nection; by the sympathies of a common extrac-
tion and history and the more endearing atfections
and solicitudes which Howed from domestic affini-
ties and private interests, encircling and blessing
all. . . . The recent war, so glorious to both
in its prosecution and results, so peculiarly Ameri-
can in its origin and objects, and in which they
co-operated in so many arduous military enter-
prises, had inspired mutual respect and a warmth
of attachment unfelt before ; there was a conti-
INTlKPKXnr.NCE BELL.
dence also reposed by the colonies in the all'ec-
tionate disposition and mighty power of the
mother-country, unrestrained by any fear or jeal-
ousy : — George III., then in the third year of his
reign, by the splendor of the British arms in all
quarters, the extension and security which war had
given to his realms and by his vast military and
naval superiority, with an e.xtent of manufactures
and commerce unequaled, was universally deemed
the most powerful monarch at that time in Europe,
and highly poi)ular in all bis dominions.
"This flattering scene, however, was soon to be
changed; those sentiments and interests wliicli, if
ent, of Haddonfield, by whose kind permission tlie use
of the work was accorded to the writer.
THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTION.
cultivated, might have long (though not always)
letained the colonies a jiart of the British empire,
were suddenly extinguislied by the folly and ar-
rogance of British ministers : men ignorant of
human nature, and in government, and deaf
to admonition and experience — fortunate indeed
for America and mankind I — but aflbrding a
solemn lesson to every people who repose a blind
confidence in the talents or virtues of particular
men, however popular or whatever be their pre-
tensions.
" The triumphs of the war and the promised
blessings of peace and concord were at once for-
gotten and lost in sordid views to revenue — views
ecjually hostile to justice and to policy. Not
satisfied with the monopoly of the whole product
of American industry and trade, expended for her
manufactures and articles of consumption, in-
creasing beyond calculation, silently pouring
millions into the lap of England, her infatuated
ministers resolved to force upon the colonies a
system of internal taxation, limited only by the
will of a British Parliament, prescribing its
objects, its extent, continuance and means of
collection, without the consent or participation of
millions of British subjects doomed to bear the
burden and the disgrace. No choice was prottered
but submission or resistance, and the colonies did
not hesitate; they resolved that no power on earth
should wrest from them property and the fruits of
their toil and industry without their consent.
This was the origin of the most extraordinary
revolution on record, and upon this issue did the
contest turn."
The colonists claimed that to them, as well
as to any other subjects of the crown, l>e-
longed immnnity from all taxation, except
.such as they might assent to, either directly
or by the representatives they had ciiosen,
and the people of West Jersey had stood
u]K)n this ground in resisting the attempt of
(lovernor Andros to impose custom duties
upon the commerce of the Delaware as early
as 1680. But first the cr<i\vn and then
Parliament insisted upon the power to tax
tlie colonies as they plea.sed, and they made
the cost of the war with France a special
pretext for enforcing this claim, becau.se, as
the ministry argued, the war had been of
American origin, and in its prosecution the
niother-couutrv had accumulated an enor-
mous debt t<>r tlie )>r()tecliiin of licr domains
on this side of the Atlantic. Tlie enact-
ment of a duty on stamps was curried in
I'arliament March 22, ITlio, and William
Coxe was appointed the collector of New
Jersey. Mas.sachusetts ])ropo,se(l a Congress
of Commissioners from all the colonies, to
meet for cousultation in New York on the
first Tuesday of October. The New Jei-sev
As.seml)ly received the Massachusetts cii'cnlar
Juue 20, 17C5. William Franklin,' the
Governor, was in so much the opposite of his
patriotic father as to be a firm ally of the
crown, and he influenced the Hou.se, which
was on the eve of adjournment, to return a
hasty and ambiguous answer, which gave
rise to a sharp correspondence between the
(iovernor and Hou.se. He contended that
the House had taken the Massachusetts jiro-
posal into " deliberate consideration," and
had " unanimously resolved against connect-
ing on that occasion." The Hou.se declaivd
(July 27, 1776) that the Speaker agreed to
send members to the intended Congress,
but that he changed his mind upon .some
advice that was given to him, and that this
sudden change of opinion displeased manv
' William Franklin was a natural son of Dr. Ben-
jaiiiiQ Franklin, and was born about the year 1730.
His father had but one other son, Francis Folger. who
died when a little more than four years old. William
was carefully educated, aided his father in his philo-
sophical experiments, and through his influence was at
an early age appointed clerk of the Assembly of I'enn-
sylvania, and postmaster of Philadelphia. In ITSlJ,
when he was about twenty years of age, his father was
appointed the agent for Pennsylvania (and afterwards
of New Jersey) in Kngland, and the son had leave from
the Assembly to resign his office of clerk that he might
accompany him to London. Upon his arrival there
he entered the Middle Temple to prepare himself for
practice as a lawyer in Philadelphia, and was iu due
time called to be a barrister. Afterwards he received
from the University of 0\ford the honorary degree of
Mahter of Arts.
In 17G2, having ingratiated himself with Lord Bute,
then the principal favorite of the King, through his
influence, without the solicitation of his father, he was
appointed Governor of the province of New Jersey, an
office then much sought for.
38
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
of'tlie Hoiisp, who, seeing the matter dropped,
were indiiferent to it. But they said that
the letter of the House was not such as
the Governor represented it, and that if tlie
strong expressions mentioned were used, an
alteration must have been made, and they
intimated that Governor Franklin had been
instrumental in making it.
The Legislative Assembly considered their
action, and at a convention called at Am-
boy by the Speaker they chose Joseph
Ogden, Hendrick Fisher and Joseph Borden
delegates to the Congress, which met in New
York at the appointed time and formulated
the memorable petitions to the King and
Parliament that were a warning of the com-
ing u])rising. When the AssemlJy recon-
vened in November, it approved the action
of the Congress, and the House declared that
a.s the Stamp Act was utterly subversive of
privileges inherent in and originally secured
by grants and concessions from the crown of
Great Britain to the jieople of the colony, they
considered it a duty to tliemselves, their con-
stituents and posterity to leave a record of
their resolves upon the journal.
Stamp Officer Coxe resigned, declaring
that he would never act under the law, and
organizations of the "Sons of Liberty" were
formed, who bound themselves to march to
any part of the continent at their own ex-
pense to support the British Constitution in
America, by which opposition to the stan)p
tax was meant. As the use of all but stamp
paper was forbidden in legal transactions, a
period of much confusion ensued, during
which the courts were closed and business
almost suspended ; but in February, 176(5, a
meeting of the members of the Jersey bar at
New Bnniswick resolved to continue their
practice regardless of the statute; the public
offices and tiie courts were reopened and tlie
people resumed the transaction of aft'airs.
When tiie General Assembly met in June,
tiie members were officially informed by the
Governor of the repeal of the obnoxious act.
BRITISH STAMP.
nn<l tliey joined in an address to the King
and Parliament expressing gratitude for the
abrogation of an "impolitic law."
Whatever hopes might have been enter-
tained that this concession meant future just
dealing with the colonies were doomed to
disappointment. The repeal of the Stamp
Act had been accomplislied by an affirma-
tion of the right of
Great Britain to bind
the colonies in all
eases whatever, and
thegovcrnment soon
proceeded to act on
thatassumption. In-
creased numbers of
British soldiers were
quartered upon the
people, who were re-
quired to furnish
them with fuel, bed-
ding, candles, small beer, rum, etc. When
the requisition was laid before the New Jer-
sey Assembly, in June, 176G, the House
directed that provision be made according to
the former laws of the colony, and then in-
formed the Governor that they looked upon
tlie act for ([uartering soldiers in Ameri(!a to
be virtually as nuich an act for laying taxes
as the Stamp Act. It was followed in 17()7
by the enactments levying duties on imports
of glass, paper, paste-board, white and I'cul
lead, ])aintei's' colors and tea into the colonial
j)orts, and authorizing the King to appoint
in America commissioners who .should have
entire charge of the cu.stoms and the laws
relating to trade.
Ma.ssaclui.setts again led the column of
resistance, and her circular letter was ])re-
sentetl to the New Jer.sey House April 15,
1768. The House made a suitable reply
and also adopted a respectfid address against
taxation without representation. On Decem-
ber (i, 1769, it pas.sed resolutions condemn-
ing tlu! threat of the royal authorities to
transport to England for trial persons ac-
THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTION.
39
riiscd of crinios in tlie colonii's, and also
approved tlie resolution of the niercliants to
cease to import British luerchaiidise until
the offensive duties were repealed. Tlie
duties, except that on tea, M'ere repealed in
1770, Init this by no means satisfied the
Americans.
On February 8, 1774, the Assembly of
New Jersey resolved "that a Committee of
Correspondence and Incjuiry be appointed to
obtain the mo.st early and antheutie intelli-
gence of all acts and resolutions of the Brit-
ish Parliament, or the proceedings of admin-
istration, that may have any relation to, or
may affect the liberties and privileges of His
Majesty's subjects in the British colonies in
America, and to keep up and maintain a
correspondence with our sister colonies, re-
specting these important considerations ; and
that they occasionally lay their proceedings
before the House." The committee named
in the resolution were James Kinsey, Stephen
Crane, Hendrick Fisher, Samuel Tucker,
John Wetherill, Robert Friend I'rice, John
Ilinchman, John ilehelm and Edward Tay-
lor. The Gloucester County members were
Messrs. Price and Hinchman. Governor
Franklin strove to minimize the significance
of this action. '' I was in hope.s," he wrote
to Lord Dartmouth on May 31 st, "that the
A.ssembly of this Province would not have
gone into the measure; for though they met
on the lOtli of Noveml)er, yet they avoided
taking the matter into consideration, though
trc(juently urged by some of the members,
until the 8tli of February, and then I believe
they would not have gone into it but that
the As.seml)ly of New York had just before
resolved to appoint such a committee, and
they did not choose to appear singular."
Action of New Jer.sey. — The Governor
inisrepre.sented the temperof the peopleof New
Jersey. On the recejition of the news that
the British Parliament had closed the ])ort of
Boston to all eonimerce, because of the
llirowinu; into the harbor of one of the
cargoes of tea, which the government was
endeavoring to induce the ])eo]>le to accept
by rescinding the export duty of I'Id. per
pound, while retaining the import duty of
od. j>er pound, " the Colony of New Jersey
broke out in a simultaneous blaze of indig-
nation from Sussex to Cape May, and im-
mediate measures were taken to organize the
various counties into a cond)ination of the
friends of liberty which should secure
prom[)titude and unity of action thniughout
the province." '
The Boston Port Bill was appointed to go
into operation June 1, 1774, and, in accord-
ance with the recommendation of Virginia,
the patriots observed it as a day of mourn-
ing. On that day the Committee of Corre-
spondence and Inquiry held at New Bruns-
wick what was probably their first meeting,
and, according to the authority of Dr. Mul-
ford, in his " History of New Jersey," they
replied to the communication that had been
received from Massachusetts, expressed their
.sympathy with the people of Boston and
condemned in strong terms the course of the
ministry. A letter written by one of the
members, under date of the 2d, says, —
"I returned yesterday from New Brunswick,
where six of our committee met. We answered tlie
Boston letters, informing them that we look on
New Jersey as eventually in the same piedieamont
with Boston, and that we will do everything which
may be generally agreed on. We have signed a
request to the Governor to call the General A.sseni-
bly to meet at such time as his Excellency may
think proper before the 1st day of August ne.\t.
Our committee is well disposed in the cause of
American freedom."
Governor Franklin wrote to Lord Dart-
mouth from Burlington June LStli, —
" I have likewise had an application made tome
by some of the members of the Hou.se of Kejue-
sentatives to call a meeting of the (xeneral .A.ssem-
bly in August next, with which 1 have not and
shall not comply, as there is no publick busines.sof
' Cliarles D- Deshler's ail'li'ess tu the New Brunswick
IlisLoi-ical Club, Decciiibcr Ui, 187').
40
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
the province whicli cuii make such a meeting
necessary."
The disaffection of the CTOvernor and his
refusal to assemble the Legislature made it
necessary for the jieople to speak out through
the medium of their town-meetings. These
were held in nearly all the counties at the
call of leaders of the culminating revolution-
ary movement. The purpose was to organize
and direct the impulse of resistance to
British encroachments, to acquaint the people
with the total imperilment of their liberties
and particularly to select delegates to a
Thirty Dollars.
THE Bearer is, en
titled to recci-ve Thirty
Sfianljh milled D O L
LARS, or an ejua
Sum in Gold or Silver,
according; to a Refo
haUonoi CONGRESS
of the 14th "January^
1779-
20 Dollars.
(•(.IXTINENTAL I'l'llUKNCY.
general congress of deputies from the .several
colouics, which the A'irginia House of Bur-
gesses had pn)po.sed should be held to form a
])i;ui of union and devise measures for tiie
puliiic welfare.
In June, 1774, William Peartree Smith,
ciiairman of the New Jersey Committee of
Coi'respondence and In(]uiry, conducted a
correspondence with tiie Mas.saeluisetts ('om-
mittee, in which lie tendered material aid for
the people impoverished by tlu; closing of
Boston to comuKii'ce, and inquired whether it
had better take the shape of clothing, provi-
sions or cash. The Massachusetts men re-
plied thai cash would be most acccphiblc.
Dr. Fithian, in a communication in the
^\'oodbury Constitution, says, —
" In the County of Gloucester committees were
ajipointed in each of the townships to receive
donations ' for the relief of our sutfering brethren
of Boston,' and a general treasurer (Joseph Ellis)
was appointed, who was authorized to procure a
place to store the provisions that should be
furnished, and the sum of £534 in money was at
one time ordered to be paid on account of subscrip-
tions."'
The first of these meetings for the purpo.se
of electing delegates to meet in a General Con-
gress was held on June 6, 1774, at Lower
Freehold, Monmouth County, and
the next at Newark, on the 11th.
The latter meeting issued a circu-
lar calling attention to the opjires-
sive measures of Parliament, and
set forth that as the neighboring
colonies were prepared for a Con-
gress, and as the New Jersey As-
sembly was not likely to be in
■session in time to answer the end
proposed, it was jiroper and im-
portant that meetings should be
held in the counties to appoint
committees that would, in con-
junction, act in unison with the
sister colonies.
The County Committees thus
chosen met at New Brunswick
on the twenty-first of July, with .seventy-
two delegates in attendance, and organized by
the election of Stephen Crane as chairman and
Jonathan D. Sargent as clerk.' Kesolutions
were passed declaring that the proceedings of
' "Thereajipearstobe nowhere any record of anieeliug
held in dlouccster County to appoint delegates to the
New Brun.swick convention. Vet the county was rep-
resented in that body by Hobert Friend Price, if by no
other delegate or delegates, and the tenable theory is
that he at least was elected at some meeting of the cit-
izens of the county, of which no mention is made in
contemporary annals. Price's name occurs on jiago 103
of (iriffith's " Notes on the American Colonies," as a
member of the Committee that signed the credentials
of the delegates to the Oeneral Congress.
THE WAR OF THK RKVOLUTIOX,
41
I'arliauH'iii wiili res|)ect to IMassarluisetts,
•' s(j violent ill themselves and so trnly alanu-
iiiH' to the other colonies (many of which arc
e([iially exposed to ministerial vengeance),
render it the indispensable duty of all
heartily to unite in the most proper measures
to procure redress for their oppressed coun-
trymea, now suffering in the cominon cause ;
and for the re-establishment of
tiie constitutional rights of
America upon a solid founda-
tion." James Kiusey, William
Livingston, John De Hart, Ste-
}>hen Crane and Richard Smith
were chosen to represent New
Jersey in the Congress which
met at Carpenters' Hall on
Sept. 5, 1774. They joined
heartily iu its general declara-
tion of rights and its recom-
mendations for aid to the dis-
tressed people of Boston. Their
doings were approved by the
General Assembly of the colony
in January, 1775,' in the flice
(jf the condemnatory message of
Governor Franklin, who in-
sidiously strove to pnavoke the
jealousy of the Assembly by the
argument that the New Briins-
wick convention had, by ap-
pointing the delegates to the
Colonial Congress, usurped the
powers which belonged to the
Assembly alone. The Assera-
i)ly answered by re-ap[)ointing
these very delegates, but they (
followed the recommendations
of the Governor to present the (Town with still
another remonstrance against its impositions
upon the colonists. Franklin saw that the
(lay of reconciliation was past. He said in a
supplementary message, —
'"Such members as were Friends excepting only to
such ])arl9 aa seemed to wear an appearance or might
have a tendency to force, as iucousisteut with their re-
lijliiius principles." — don/on n" llislnrii nj A'nr Jrrsri/."
"It is now ill vain to arj;ne, as you have, with
the most uncommon and tmnccessary prcc'ipita-
tion, give in your entire assent to that dostruitive
mode of proceeding I so earnestly wariuKl you
against. Whether after .such a rcsohuion the pe-
tition you mention can be exi)ected to produce
any good efiect, or whether you have consulted the
true interests of the people, I leave others to de-
termine."
ARPEN'TERS' HALL, I'lIlLADKLI'HIA.
During the winter of 1774-7-") Parlia-
ment, in obedience to the crown and the ;ul-
luinistration of Lord North, and dcs|>it(' the
warnings of Chatham and Burke, went on
with a stubborn resolution to crush the col-
onies. Boston wa.s the objective-point of
their repressive programme, :uid tiie btittle
of Lexington occurred on April l!l, 1775.
42
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
()u May 2d the New Jersey Committee of
Correspondence met at New Brunswick, hav-
ing been informed that " tlie embattled fann-
ers " had fired the sliot that was lieard
around the world. There were present Hen-
drick Fisher, Samuel Tucker, Joseph Bor-
den, Joseph Jliggs, Isaac Pearson, John
Chetwood, Lewis Ogden, Isaac Ogdeu, Abra-
ham Hunt and Elias Boudinot. They in-
structed the chairman
"To immediately call a Provincial Congress to
meet at Trenton the 23d day of this instant, to
consider and determine sucli matters as may then
and there come before them ; and theseveral conn-
ties are hereby desired to nominate and ajipoint
their respective deputies for the same as speedily
as may be, with full and ample powers for such
]iurposes as may be thought necessary for the i)e-
culiar exigencies of this province."
Gloucester County was j)ronipt in its I'e-
sponse to this notice. The proceedings were
as subjoined in Dr. Fithian's notes, —
"At a meeting of a majority of the Committee
of Correspondence for the County of Gloucester,
on the 5th day of May, 1775, — present, Samuel
Harrison, chairman ; John Hinchman, John
Cooper, John Sparks, Joseph Ellis, Joseph Low,
Isaac Mickle, Joseph Hugg.
"In consequence of intelligence received I'rom
the Committee of Corrcsjiondence from New
Brunswick, and at their request, the committee
above named have taken the same into considera-
ation, and do unanimously agree and think it our
indispensable duty in this alarming crisis forth-
with to request a meeting of the inhabitants of
the county for the purpose of choosing members
to meet at the Provincial Congress at Trenton on
the 23d day of this instant, May.
" Ordered that the clerk get a number of no-
tices immediately printed and disperse them
throughout the country — that a person be sent
express to Egg Harbour with part thereof and
alarm the inhabitants of the consequence thereof
and the necessity of a meeting.
" By order of Committee.
" Joseph Huci(i, Com. Clerk."
" In Committee, ordered that every member of
this Committee meet at the house of William
Hugg, on the 18th inst., by 10 o'clock, A. m., and
that notice issue for this purpose, to which time
this Committee is adjourned.
" By order of Committee,
" Joseph Hf(;G, Clerk.
" Committee met pursuant to adjournment, on
the lOth inst., at the house of William Hugg —
present, Samuel Harri.son, John Cooper, Joseph
Ellis, .lohn Sparks, Isaac Mickle, Doc. Vanleer,
.loseph Cooper, Peter Chccsenian, .luseph Hugg.
"At a meeting of a very respectable number of
the inhabitant-s of this county, on the ISth day of
Jlay , 1775, pursuant to a notice from the Committee
of Correspondence for that purpose.
" At said meeting the inluibitants taking into
consideration the intelligence communicated from
the Committee of Correspondence of New Bruns-
wick, do unanimously
" Re-folve, That it is highly necessary that there
.should be a Provincial Congress held at the time
and i)lace apjiointed by the said Committee, and do
unanimously
" Rewire and agree that seven persons be chosen
for said service to represent this county.
" And accordingly Robert Friend Price, John
Hinchman, Elijah Clark, Esqs., and Messrs. .lohn
Cooper, Joseph Ellis, John Sparks and Joseph
Hugg were unanimously chosen to continue for
twelve months, and anj' three or more attending
said meeting to be a sufticient representation.
" Ordered, That the members attending from
this county do use their endeavors, when met in
Congress, to confirm and reappoint the delegates
appointed by the General Assembly of this Prov-
ince.
" Ordered, That the instructions drawn by Mr.
Cooper for said Provincial Congress be taken by
the members of this county to said Congress lor
their own guide — but not to be publi-shed.
" On the question being jmt, whether the Cuni-
mittee of Observation be authorized to carry into
execution the resolves of the Provincial Congress,
and to perform such services as the emergency of
the case nuiy require, it was resolved iieiii con.
" By order of the county,
" Jo.s. HlHiO,
" Clerk"
The.se Committees of Observation and In-
spection were fornu'd in each county of tlic
colony, 'i'hcii' title specifics liic duties witli
wiiicii tliey were charged.
The First I'.ROviNciALCoM(iREss()F New
JiuisKV. — The I'rovineial Congress assem-
bled at Treiiloii on May 2.'kl, 1775, the dele-
gates in attendance from (iloiicester County
TIIK WAR OP THE REVOLUTION.
43
heiiio- Jdlui ( 'oopor, Elijnli Clark and .loliii
Sparks, llesolutions were ])assed that one
or more companies of militia be raised in oaeh
townsliip or corporation, tiiat all men between
the ages of sixteen and fifty be enrolled by
the committee, and that the officers of the
re(|iiisite number of companies combine them
into regiments. To meet the expense, ten
thousand pounds of paper or " Proclamation "
money was ordered to be raised, of which the
proportion of Gloucester County was £7(33
8s. 2d. This Congress sat eleven days, and
was reconvened at Trenton on iVugust 5th,
in consequence of the battle of Bunker Hill
and Washington's siege of the British forces
in Boston. To this meeting there came, as
the representatives of Gloucester, John
Sparks, Joseph Hugg, Joseph Ellis and
Elijah Clark. It was resolved to raise and
organize a number of troops equal to about
twenty-six regiments and to enforce the col-
lection of ten thousand pounds tax ordered at
the May session, it appearing that many
obstacles had been encountered in the col-
lection, and that in a great number of in-
stances payment had been avoided or refused.
For this military levy Gloucester County
was required to furnish three battalions, and
she was j)laced third among the counties in
precedency of rank, in which Essex was first
and Salem second. Besides providing for
this organization an armament, this Congress
resolved to enroll four thousand minute-men,
" who shall hold themselves in constant
readiness, on the shortest notice, to march to
any place where their assistance may be re-
quired for the defence of this or any neigh-
boring colony." Gloucester's proportion of
this force was four comj)anies of sixty-four
men each. The August session lasted until
thelTth, and before adjourning the Congress
appointed as a Committee of Safety, — Hend-
rick Fisher, Samuel Tucker, Isaac Pearson,
John De Hart, Jonathan D. Sergeant, A zariah
Dunham, Peter Schenck, Enos Kelsey, Joseph
Borden, Frederick Frelinghuyscni and John
Schucman. When this Congress was not in
session this committee wielded extraordinary
and almost unlimited jiower as the executive
branch of the government.
The Second PuoviNciAr, Coxoress of
New Jersey. — At its August session the
Provincial Congress had provided for a new
election of deputies from the counties, and
under this provision (iloucester County chose
John Cooper, Joseph Ellis, Thomas Clark,
Elijah Clark and Richard Somei's, who, with
forty-five other delegates, formed the Second
Provincial Congress, which convened in its
first session, at Trenton, October 3, 1775.
Further legislation was enacted for the col-
lection of the ten thousand pounds tax by
distraint and sale of the property of de-
linquents, and for the enrollment in the
militia of all able-bodied male inhabitants of
the jirovince, between the ages of sixteen and
fifty years (except those whose religious prin-
ciples forbade them to bear arms), their
muster, equipment and instruction in military
tactics under the command of proper officers.
This law was singular in requiring that each
enriJled man should provide himself with a
musket, a sword, a tomahawk, a cartridge-
box and knapsack. The raising of troops
and the finding of funds wherewith to fit
them out taxed the ingenuity of the Congress
during this and the succeeding session of
Fei)ruary, 1776, and on the 20th of that
month a bill was passed for printing <£"j(),-
000 5.S-. of fiat money, which it was ordered
should pass current until December 21 , 1 7ill .'
For redemption of this issue, a sinking fund
of £10,000 In. annually from 1787 to 175)1
was provided, and an allotment of payments
was made among the counties. Gloucester
was assessed tor £7(i3 2s. M. each year for
the five years.
The fifty thousand jiounds was divided in-
to e(|ual ]iarts to be expended by commis-
sioners for the Eastern Division and the
'This money was renlcnned at Is. fid to the dollar.
44
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEIY
Western Divi.sion "for the use of the colony."
William Tucker, Abraham Hunt, Joseph
Ellis and Alexander Chambers were made
commissioners tor the Western Division.
The commissioners were directed to purchase
three thousand stand of arms, ten tons of
gunpowder, twenty tons of lead, one thousand
cartouch-boxes, medicine-chests and chirur-
gical instruments, four thousand tents, two
thousand blankets, a train of artillery to
consist of twelve pieces, and axes, spades and
other entrenching tools. They were also in-
structed to furnish the troops with one
month's subsistence, at one shilling per day
per man, or provisions to that amount if
necessary, provided that the expense did not
exceed one thousand four hundred pounds in
value ; and one month's pay for tiie troops
when called into actual service, provided that
the Continental Congress did not make pro-
vision for the same, and j^i'ovided that the
pay of such troops did not exceed four thou-
sand pounds in value. The recruitment of
the two battalions which Congress at its pre-
vious session had ordered to be raised had
proceeded successfully and with rapidity.
Lord Stirling had been commissioned colonel
of the command raised in East Jersey, and
William Maxwell colonel of the West Jersey
battalion, which was ordered to the vicinity
of the Hudson River and mustered into the
Continental service in December, 1775.
The Third Congress of Delegates. —
In the meantime the old Colonial Legislature
of New Jersey had been holding intermit-
tent sessions and receiving protests from
Governor Franklin against the doings of the
Provincial Congress, which had, in tiict,
superseded it. He had prorogued it from
December (J, 1775, to June ."5, 1776, but the
December meeting was its last. When tlu'
new or Third Provincial Congress met, in
June, 1776, it declared that Franklin had
" discovered himself to be an enemy to the
liberties of this country, and that measures
ought to 1)C immediately taken for securing
his person, and that from henceforth all pay-
nienls of money to him, on account of salary
or otherwise, should cease." Pursuant to
these resolutions, and in compliance with the
directions of the Continental Congress,
Franklin was arrested and sent to Connecti-
cut, where he remained a prisoner until the
end of the war, when he sailed for England.
He resided in that country until his death,
enjoying a pension from the Engli>li govern-
ment.
The Congress which met in June had
been elected in pursuance of the resolution
adopted l>y its predecessor on March 2, 1776,
"that there be a new choice of deputies to
serve in Provincial Congress for every
county of this colony on the fourth Monday
in May, yearly and every year." Thus was
established regular annual elections of depu-
ties instead of the special elections called, as
they had previously been, at the pleasure of
Congress. Gloucester County elected as
delegates John Sparks, John Cooper, P^lijah
Clark, Joseph Hugg and Joseph Ellis. The
Congress convened on June 11, 1776, at
Burlington, with sixty-five members, five
from each of the thirteen counties. On June
28th there was submitted "a petition fi'om the
officers of the militia of Gloucester, appointed
to raise men for the Continental service to
reinforce the troops now in New York, set-
ting forth that fifteen shillings a week is not
sufficient to defray their expenses in enlist-
ing said men, and requesting that this Con-
gress would make such further allowance as
may be reasonable and necessary.'"
Adoi'tion of the Fir'^t State Cox-
STiTUTiox. — The Continental Congress, on
May 10th, recommended to the Assemblies
aud conventions of the colonies to adopt such
governments as should, in the opinion of the
representatives of the people, best conduce to
the happiness and safety of their constituents
in particular aud jVmerica in general. The
preamble declared that every kind of govern-
ment under the (-rown should be suppressed.
THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTIOX.
45
On the "iltli tlic New Jersey Congress ap-
pointi'd Messrs. (ii-eeii, Cooper, Sergeant,
Elmer, Ogden, Hnglies, Covenlioven,
Synuiies, Condict and Dick to prepare a
draught of a Constitution, which was reported
on the 26tii and adopted on July 2d, two
days before the Declaration of Independence
l»y the Continental Congress. In the pre-
amble to that document it was declared
" Th;U all ;iuthority claimed by the King of
Great Britain over the colonies was by eonipaet
derived from the people and held of them for
the common interests of the whole society ;
"That allegiance and protection are in the
nature of things reciprocal ties, each ecjually de-
pending on the other and liable to be dissolved
by the other being refused or withdrawn ;
"That the King of Great Britain has refused
protection to the good people of these colonies by
assenting to sundry acts of Parliament, has made
war upon them for no other cause than asserting
their just rights; hence all civil authority under
him is necessarily at an end, and a dissolution of
government has taken place. And also the more
effectually to unite the people and to enable them
to exert their whole force in their own necessary
defense; and as the honorable, the Continental
Congress, the supreme council of the American
Colonies, has advised us to adopt such government
as will best conduce to our happiness and safety,
and the well-being of America generally ;
" We, the representatives of the colony of New
Jersey, having been elected by all the counties in
the freest manner, and in Congress assembled,
have, after mature deliberation, agreed upon a
set of charter rights and tlie form of a Consti-
tution."
Tiiis Constitution fell somewhat short of a
full assertion of independence, and contained
a clause providing that if a reconciliation
should take place between Great Britain and
her colonies, the instrument should become
null and void. Gordon, in his " History of
New Jersey," attributes the introduction of
this clause to the influence of Samuel Tucker,
j>resident of the Congress. He says, " The
doors of retreat were kejtt open by the fears
of the President, who, a few months af'tci',
claimed the clonuMU'v of tiic enemy, witii
whom this clause trave him an interest."
By this instrument (lie government was
vested in a Governor, JiCgislutive Council and
General Assembly. The Council and Assem-
bly were to be chosen yearly by the people,
and they were in joint convention to annu-
ally elect the Governor. On July 17th the
New Jersey Congress ratified the Declaration
of Independence pronnilgated at Philadel-
phia, and on the next day it changed its own
name to that of " The Convention of the State
of New Jersey." An election for a Legisla-
tive Council and an Assembly was held on
the second Tuesday of August, 1 770, and the
members convened at I'rincetou on August
27th. In the Council, Gloucester was rep-
resented by John Cooper, and in the House
by Richard Somers and Robert F. Price.
William Livingston was elected the first Gov-
ernor under the new Constitution. The Leg-
islature succeeded to the powers and functions
of the Provincial Congress and the Conven-
tion of the State of New Jersey, and contin-
ued to exercise those powers and functions as
a permanent body.
New Jersey AS THE Seat of War. —
The movement of the British array, under
command of General Howe, from Boston, by
way of Halifax, to the vicinity of New York,
the route of Washington's forces at the battle
of Long Island, August 27, 1776, the evac-
uation of New York by the Americans and
the capture of Fort Washington, ou the Hud-
son, by the British on November 15th — these
were the events which led to Washington's
retreat into New Jersey. With his dimin-
ished columns he fell back to New Bruns-
wick, where he hoped to make a stand ; but
the terms of the New Jersey and Maryland
Brigades and the Pennsylvania Flying Camp
were about expiring, and neither arguments
nor threats could prevent the men from dis-
banding and returning to their homes. The
remnant of the army, with Lord Coi-nwallis
liaras.sing its rear, arrived at Princeton on
December 1st, and thence ])assed on to Tren-
ton, where it crossed the Delaware into Pcnu-
46
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
svlvania on tlie Stii. Ueiiifoi'cwl \i\ 8iilliv;ui
and Gates, Washington recmssed tlu' Dela-
ware on Cliristmas night and effected the
surprise and defeat of Colonel Rahl's Jles-
sian contingent of the Britisli forces.
Although after the Trenton victory the
American commander retired to his strong
position on tiie Delaware shore, he had by no
means relin<juished his ambition to repossess
Western New Jersey, and at once began jirep-
arations for a second expedition. He again
marched to Trenton on December 30th. Gen-
eral Maxwell, who on the retreat through the
State had been left at Morristown witli his
brigade, including the Gloucester troops, was
ordered to advance through New Brunswick,
as if threatening: an attack, and harass all
president's chair and rui. dlsk icdn \\hi('h
THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
WAS SIGNED.
the contiguous posts of the enemy as much as
po.ssible. On the night of January 2, 1777,
Washington, after the skirmish on Assanpink
Creek, swung round the British flank to the
rear, reached Princeton at earl}' dawu of the
3rd, defeated and dispersed Colonel I\Iaw-
hood's force of three regiments, and was safe
among the hills of the Upper Raritan while
Coruwallis was lumbering along in an inef-
fectual pursuit. He had to mourn the lo.ss of
the gallant General Mercer, who fell in the
first assault at Princeton, and whose body
bore the marks of sixteen British bayonet
wounds.
Washington's brilliant achievements were
nee<led to revive the jwtriotic spirit of New
Jersey, which previously had been fast suc-
cumbing to the advance of the foe. Howe
had offered pardon and protection to all who
would abandon the national cause and renew
their allegiance to the King. Until Washing-
ton rolled back the tide of disaster, more
than two hundred people within the State
were daily abjuring their loyalty to the
American government. "The two Jersey
I'cgiments," M'rites CJordon, " which had
l)een forwarded by General Gates under
General St. Clair, went off to a man the
moment they entered their own State." The
I^egislature had moved from Princeton to
Burlington, and thence to Pittstown and
Haddonfield, where it dissolved on December
2, 1776. Samuel Tucker, chairman of the
Committee of Safety, treasurer and judge of
the Supreme Court, vacated his offices and
swore fealty to the crown. The whole num-
l)er of the people of New Jersey who took
advantage of Howe's proclamation is stated
at two thousand seven hundred and three.
But the victories of Trenton and Princeton
lightened up the gloomy horizon ; citizens
found that Howe's protections did not save
them from the depredations of the Hessian
soldiery, who overran the State and spared
neith(U'age nor sex from outrage and ])lunder ;
what the earnest recommendations of Con-
gress, the zealous exertions of Governor Liv-
ingston and the ardent supplications of
Washington could not effect, was produced
l)V the rapine and devastiitions of the Royal
forces. The whole coiuitry became instantly
hostile to the invaders, and sufferers of all
parties rose as one man to avenge their per-
sonal injuries. With his quick insight,
Washington i)ereeived that this was the
moment for the recovery of New Jersey.
From his headquarters at Morristown lie
issued, on January 25, 1777, a proclamation
giving all j)ers()ns who had accepted ]}ritish
protection thirty days in which to re])air to
the nearest headquarters of the Continental
TIIK WAR OF THE RKVOLUTIOX.
47
service, and llieii to siirri'iidcr tlieir papers
and receive full pardon for their i)Mst olleiises.
'J'lie aiteruative offered them was to retire
with their families within the Britisli lines
or be regarded a.s adherents of the King of
(ireat Britain and enemies of their eountrv.
The result was most satisfaetory. Hundreds
of timid inhal)itants renewed their allegian('e
to America, the most dangerous Tories were
driven out and the army was largely in-
creased by volunteers and by the return of
many of its veterans who had deserted dur-
ing the dark day? of the previous November
and r)ecember.
The American army moved to
the neighborhood of Bound Brook
on May 28, 1777, and on June
1 Jth the British retreated towards
Amboy, but hurried back from
thence with the expectation of :i'
tacking Washington at Quibbl.
town (Newmarket), where he ha<l
taken up his position. At Wo( " 1
bridge, on June 20th, Lord Corn
wallis drove back Morgan's Iv.in
gers and Stirling's troops, In
tliev held them in cheek long
enough to permit Washington to
retire to his stronghold near Bound
Brook, he being too weak to
undertake battle in the open field. The
ISiitish returned to Amboy, \vhere they
crossed to Staten Island ; and during the
remainder of the war New Jei'sey was not
again so completely overrun with marauders
and British troops, although many parties
entei'ed it for pillage from hostile camps in
adjoining States. Washington crossed the
Delaware to Philadel[)hia ; Howe took his
army around by water from New York to
l'iiiladel|)hia by way of the Chesapeake anil
the Klk Kiver; and by defeating Washing-
ton at the Brandy wine, on September lltli,
and at ( iermantown, on October 24th, he se-
cured po-sessioii of l*hiladelj)liia forthewinter
that the |iatrints .-pent at N'alley Foi-ge.
In September, 1777, Continental C'ongress
moved from Phiiadel]ihia to the town of
York, I'a., where for the nine succeeding
months, until June of 177.S, that historic
band of patriots held their deliberations,
when, upon the retreat of the British across
New Jersey, they returned to I'hiladelphia.
The Battle ok Red Bank. — The first
engagements of the Revolution fought upon
the soil of Gloucester County w-ere the bat-
tle of Red Bank, October 22, 1777, and the
skirmish at Billingsport, which jtreceded it
bv a few days. For the protection of the
l)claware, the Americans had liuilt Fort
iNDEPE.NDE.xei: UALL, iiui-Aiij:i-riiiA, IN !,,(;.
Mifflin, a strong redoubt, with i|uite exten-
sive outworks, on the marshy island on tiie
Pennsylvania side, just below the mouth of
the Schuylkill. Foi-t Mercer, an ci|nally
good work, was ])laced on high gi-oinid at
Red Bank, on the New Jersey shore, and in
the river channels, under <over of the fiic of
the batteries, were sind< ranges of strong
frames with ii-on-pointed wooden spikc^s,
which were calculated to be impassable to
vessels. At Billingsport, tiiree miles Ix'iow,
on the New Jersey side, a tiiird fort was erect-
ed, and the channel between it and Uillings'
Island was again closed by r/ifraiix-df-fr/Kr.
'i'o clear the wav for his licet and liir the
entrance of supplies into I'hiiadelphia, it wa.>
48
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
necessary for Howe to open the river, and he
accordingly ordered Captain Hammond, with
the frigate " Roebuck " and several other
vessels, around from the Chesapeake. Ar-
riving in the stream below Billingsport,
Hammond reconnoitered and came to the
conclusion that he might force a passage
through the obstructions if a land force
would engage the fort. The scheme seemed
feasible to Howe, and he detailed to execute
it, two regiments of infantry, nnder Colonel
Stirling. Crossing the river from Chester,
Stirling fell furiously upon the inferior gar-
rison of the fort, which was not fiuished,
who spiked their cannon, set fire to their
barracks and fled in disuiay. The English
FORT Mirri.IN
■inui-rn-ilimbt, li h h i lnj^h li\
l.ilill. 1..V M.MitivMor, witli indeliUtlon^ uhcii Hit wilillei-sl..iilL 1 lli.'ir
kettloB (this Willi was piorceJ Willi louii-hoU s tm luinketij) , c i: c c
hlock-limise, Imilt iif wood, with loop-lioks mv\ mounting four
l.iwi'Snf i5iiinnn cildl, two on the lonoi pUtfonn , d rf ti b H uu:ks ;
'' . .■ Htiitkuili-a ; /// trosil i& Loup , g g luMi-es On the south siile
were two-story pieces of battery, mounting three ciinuon.
(■(iin|)lctcd the d('in(i]i(i<iii of the works, while
(';i|itain ilaiiiiiKiiul made a passage through
tlic (ilistriictioiis wide eiiuugli to permit the
s(|u;uli'iiii of six iiicii-of-war to sail tiirough
and up to H.tg Island, where tliey anchored.
Lossing's " Fieid-Bt)ok of the Revolu-
tion," .say.s, —
" Howe iiowdetunuiiicd Lo make a general sweep
i)f' all the Ainerieati works on the Delaware, and
lircparatory therulu he called in his oiitpo.sts, and
concentrated his whole army near to and within
Philadelphia. Two Rhode Island regiments, be-
longing to General Varnum's brigade, under Col-
onel Christopher Greene, garrisoned the fort at
Red Bank, and about the same number of the
Maryland Line, under Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel
Smith, occupied Fort MitHin. The American
fleet, consisting chiefly of galleys and floating
batteries, was commanded by Commodore Hazel-
wood. It was quite as important to the Ameri-
cans to maintain these forts and defend the river
obstructions as it was to the British to destroy
them. It was, therefore, determined to liold them
to the last extremity, for it was evident that such
continued possession would force Howe to evacu-
ate Philadelphia."
Washington's letter of instructions to Col-
onel Greene, dated (Mober 7, 1777, displays
his solicitude that Fort Mei'cer should be
held. He wrote, —
" I have directed General Varnum to send your
regiment and thatof Colonel Angell to Red Bank by
a route which has been marked out to him. The
commaudofthatdctachment will, of course, devolve
upon you, with which you will proceed with all ex-
pedition and throw yourself into that place. When
you arrive there you will immediately communicate
to Cidonel Smith, commander of ihegarrison at Fort
^litfliu, and Commodore Hazehvood, commander
of the fleet in the river. You are to co-o[i#rate
with them in every measure necessary for the
defense of the obstructions in the river, and to
counteract every attempt the enemy may make for
their removal. You will find a very good ibrtitiea-
tion at Red Bank; but if anything should he
requisite to render it stronger, or ])roportioii it to
ihesizeofyourgarrison, you will havcit done. The
cannon you will stand in need of, as much as can be
spared, will be furnished from the galleys at Fort
Mifflin, from whence you will also derive supplies
of military stores. I have sent Captain Duplessis,
with some ollicurs and men, to take the innnediate
direction of the artillery for your garrison. He is
also to superintend any works that may be neces-
sary. If there be any deficiency of the men for
the artillery, the security of the garrison will
require you to assist them in the few additional
ones from your detachment. You should not lose
a moment's time in getting to the place of your
(Kstiiuitioii and making every preparation for it.->
defense. Any delay might give the enemy an
opporliniity of getting there before you, which
could not fail of beiiiir mo.'it fatal in its conse-
THE WAR OF THE REYOLrTTON.
49
f|uences. Ft' in the progress of your marcli yon
should fall in with any detachment of the enemy,
bending towards the same object and likely t(i
gain it before you, and from intelligence sho\ild
have reason to think yourself equal to the task,
you will by all means attack them and endeavor by
that means to disappoint their design.
" I have written to General Newcomb, of the
.Jersey militia, to give you all the aid in his jiower,
for which yon will accordingly apply, when neces-
sary. Upon the whole, sir, you will be pleased to
remember that the post with which you are now
intrusted is of the utmost importance to America
and demands every exertion of which you are
capable for its security and defense. The whole
ilefense of the Delaware absolutely depends upon
it ; consequently all the enemy's hope of keeping
Philadelphia and finally succeeding in the object
of the present campaign."
was an elder among Friends, yet the url)anity an<l
politeness of the German soldier so won upon him
that he was kindly remembered ever after. The
inhabitants, however, suffered much from the dep-
redations of the common soldiers, who wantonly
destroyed their property and endangered their
lives. The presence of an officer in a house was a
protection against them, and every family sought
out rme, with the promise of good entertainment
without cost, that it might be saved from destruc-
tion. These troops regarded the American people
as semi-barbarous, and that to destroy their prop-
erty was nothing more than they deserved. . . .
The sad defeat that attended theui, and the death
of their commanding officer, completely demoral-
ized them and they returned in detached bodies,
begging shelter and food of those they had so illy
treated. The transportation of the wounded
can.sed much trouble, ami as a detachment ap-
Howe entrusted the capture of Fort Mer-
cer to ( 'ount Donop, a Hessian officer in tlie
British service, and gave him four battalions,
comprising twenty-five hundred H&ssian vet-
erans. They crossed the Delaware at C'oop-
ers Ferry on October 21st, and inarched that
evening to Haddonfield.
Judge Clement says, in his '' Revolution-
ary Reminiscences of Camden County," —
" The last encampment of the Hessian troops
under Count Donop, before the battle of Red Bank,
was in Haddonfield. It was across the street, near
the residence of John Gill (where now stands the
residence of the late .John Gill, Esq.), extending
some distance into the fields. In this house Do-
nop had his head(|Uarters, and although tin- owner
proached Haddonfield a farmer living near the
road was, with his horse and cart, pressed into the
service to carry some that were unable to walk
further. The appearance of armed men so terri-
fied the farmer that he neglected to fasten down
the front part of his vehicle, and when rising a
hill near the village, the weight of the men was
thrown on the back of the cart, and all were pitched
headlong into the road. The swearing of the sol-
diers in German, and the protestations of the farmer
in English, made things no belter ; but after many
threats the vehicle was properly secured and the
journey completed, much, no doubt, to the comfort
of all concerned. Becoming better acquainted
with the people, and finding the country nuich in
need of settlers, many (Hessians) deserted and re-
mained, afterwards becoming thrifty people and
good citizens."
Before daylight on the morning of the
22d the Hessians left Haddonfield, but as
the .\ni<'rican pickets had destroyed the
50
HIBTOEY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
lower bridge over Tiral)er C'reek, they were
obliged to cross four miles above, at the pres-
ent Clement's bridge, and, because of this de-
lay, were not in front of Fort Mercer until
near noon.' Donop halted his command on
the edge of the woods to the north of the
fort and sent forward an officer with a flag
and a drummer, who summoned the garrison
to surrender. " The King of England," he
proclaimed, " orders his rebellious subjects
to lay down their arms, and they are warned,
that if they stand the battle, no quarters
whatever will be given." This threat of the
massacre of vounded and prisoners did not
daunt the Americans, Colonel (Jreene reply-
ing: " We ask no quarters, nor will we give
any." On the receipt of this defiant answer,
they hastily threw up an earthwork within
half cannon-shot of Fort Mercer, and at a
quarter before five o'clock advanced a battal-
ion on the north front under cover of a brisk
artillery fire. Reaching the first entrench-
ment, which they found abandoned, but not
' The Marquis de Chastellux, the author of " Travels
in North America,'' visited Fort Mercer in company
with General Lafayette and M. du Plessis Mauduit, the
Duplessis mentioned in Washington's letter to Colonel
Greene, who was a highly capable French engineer and
artillerist. Chastellux wrote : " The bank of the Dela-
ware at this place is steep ; but even this steepness al-
lowed the enemy to approach the fort under cover and
without being exposed to the fire of the batterie.^. To
remedy this inconvenience, several galleys, armed with
cannon and destined to defend the clieeaux-de-frise,
were posted the whole length of the escarpment and
took it in reverse. The Americans, little practiced in
the art of fortifications, and always disposed to take
works beyond their strength, had made those at Red
Bank too extensive. When M. du Mauduit obtained
permission to be sent thither by Colonel Greene, he im-
mediately set about reducing the fortifications by inter-
secting them from east to west, which transformed them
into a large redoubt nearly of a pentagonal form. A
good earthen rampart raised (o the height of the cor-
don, a /o,'(.spand an abatis in front of the fosse consti-
tuted the whole strength of this post, in which were
placed three hundred men and fourteen pieces of can-
non." The authors of the "New .Jersey Historical Col-
lections" assert that a great portion of the garrison
were negroes and mulattoes and all were in a ragged,
destitute condition.
destroyed, they imagined that they had driven
the Americans away, and, waving their hats
and with shouts of victory, rushed toward
the redoubt, led by the officer and drummer
FORT MERCER.
70BT
«ERCER, AT 1
BANK. NKV
References.
L 'Knd of the tort at which the HeeaialiB entered,
i. Small ditch, cross embankment and location of the mas^ked bat-
tery.
'. Remains of the liickory-tree used during the battle a« a flag staft.
). Ruins of a brick wall in the middle of the artificial bank.— Rate-
:. Count Donop'* grave.
^ Louis Whitall's house,
i. Monument, erected in 182'.t.
\. Pieasure-houee.
, Marks of the trenches in which the slain were deposited.
V. Road the Hessians marched to the attack. — Reeve's old road.
,. Tenant House,
il. Road to Woodbury,
s". Direclionof Fort Milllin.
). Farm Road.
NoTK. — The works represented extend al>i)ul il.''0 yarrls in ii right
who had previously communicated with
Greene under the flag of truce. According
t(} the account given by the Marquis de
THE WAR OF THK REVOLUTIOX.
51
C'liastellux, who received it from ]V[. du Pies-
sis Maudtiit, " they had ah'eady reached the
abatis and were endeavoring to tear up or
cut away the branches wiien they were over-
whelmed with a shower of musket-shot,
which took them in front and flank ; for, as
chance would have it, a part of the courtine
of the old entrenchment, which had not been
destroyed, formed a projection at this very
part of the intersection." M. du Mauduit
had contrived to form it into a sort of ca-
poniere (or trench with loop-holes), into which
he threw some men, who flanked the enemy's
left and fired on them at close shot. Officers
were seen every moment rallying their men,
marching back to the abatis and falling
amidst the branches they were endeavoring
to cut. Colonel Donop was particularly dis-
tinguished by the marks of the order he
wore, by his handsome figure and by his
courage. He was also seen to fall like the
rest. The Hessians, repulsed by the fire of
the redoubt, attempted to secure themselves
by attacking on the side of the escarpment,
but the fire from the galleys sent them back
with a great loss of men. At length they
relinquished the attack and regained the
woods in disorder.
" While this was passiug on the north side, an-
other column made an attack on the south, and
more fortunate than the other, passed the abattis,
traversed the fosse and mounted the berm, but
they were stopped by the fraue.s, and M. du Mau-
duit running to this post as soon as he saw tiie
tirst assailants give way, the others were obliged
to follow their example. They still did not dare,
however, to stir out of the fort, fearing a surprise,
but M. du Mauduit, wishing to replace some pali-
sades that had been torn up, he sallied out with a
few men and was surprised to find about twenty
Hessians standing on the berm and stuck up
against the shelf of the parapet. These soldiers,
who had been bold enough to advance thus far —
sensible that there was more risk in returning
and not thinking proper to expose themselves —
were taken and brought into the fort. M. du
Mauduit . . . again sallied out with a detach-
ment, and It was then that he beheld the deplora-
ble spectacle of the dead and dying heaped oue
upon another. A voice arose from these carcases
and said in English : ' Whoever you are, draw me
hence.' It was the voice of (colonel Donop. M.
du Mauduit made the soldiers lift him U|) and
carry him into the fort, where he was soon known.
He had his hiji broken, but whether they did not
consider his wound a-s mortal, or that they were
heated by the battle and still irritated at the men-
aces thrown out against them a few hours before,
the Americans could not help saying aloud, ' Well,
is it determined to give no quarter?' ' I am in
your hands,' replied the colonel. ' Vou may re-
venge yourselves.' M. du Mauduit had no diffi-
culty in imposing silence and employed himself
only in taking care of the wounded officer. The
latter, perceiving he spoke bad English, said to
him : ' You appear to me a foreigner, sir ; who are
you?' ' A French officer,' replied the other. 'Je
suis content,' said Donop, making use of our lan-
guage, ' Je meurs entre les mains de I'honneur
meme ' (I am content ; I die in the hands of
honor itself)"
Donop was first taken to the Wliitall' res-
idence, just below the fort, and afterwards to
the home of the Lowes, south of Woodbury
Creek, where he died three days after the
battle, saying to M. du Mauduit in his last
moments : " It is finishing a noble career
early ; but 1 die the victiiu of my ambition
and the avarice of my sovereign." To Col-
onel Clymer he said : " See in me the vanity
of all human pride ! I have shone in all the
courts of Europe, and uow 1 am dying here
' Mickle iintl Lossing insist on the trutb of the aiieu-
ilote concerning Mrs. .Ann Whitall. It runs that when
the battle begun she was spinning in an upper room of
the house. She had refused to leave it. Presently a
shot from one of the British vessels crashed through
the wall and lodged in a partition near where she was
sitting, whereupon she carefully removed her wheel to
the cellar and continued at her work until the wounded
were brought to the house and she was called upon lu
attend thenj. The Whitalls were Friends and their
peace doctrines were incomprehensible to Du Mauduit.
He thought jMr. Whitall was a Tory and therefore or-
dered his barn torn down and his oi'chard destroyed.
The old house stands a short distance south from the fort
and close to the river-bank. It is a brick structure,
and is now one hundred and thirty-eight years old, as
appears from the dale of its erection cut in the north
end, where the characters "J. A. W." (.lames and
Anna Whitall) may still be seen.
52
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
on tlie banks of the Delaware in the house
of an obscure Quaker."
The loss of the Americans was fourteen
killed, twenty-seven woundcil and a captain
taken prisoner while reconnoitering. Some
of these casualties were due to the burstinu;
of a cannon in the fort. The Hessians lost
Lieutenant-Colonel Mingrode, three captains,
four lieutenants and near seventy privates
killed, and Count Donop, his brigade-major,
a captain, lieutenant and upwards of seventy
non-commissioned officers and privates wound-
ed and made prisoners. The Hessians' slain
were buried in the fosse south of the fort.
Count Donop was interred near the spot
where he fell and a stone placed over him witii
(then ill the British service), at Red Bank, on tlie
22d Octo., 1777. Among the wounded was found
their commander, Count Donop, who died of his
wounds and whose body lies interred near tlie spot
where he fell."
This is the inscription on the we.st side, — •
" A number of the New Jersey and Pennsylva-
nia Volunteers, being desirous to perpetuate the
memory of the distinguished officers and soldiere
who fought and bled in the glorious struggle for
American Independence, have erected this monu-
ment on the 22d day of Octo., a.d. 1829."
After their overwiielmiug repulse the Hes-
sians retreated hastily towards Coopers Fer-
ry. The main body went by way of Clem-
ent's Bridge, .some by way of Blackwood-
towii, and .some by Chews Lauding, near
MTD ISL.iND, 17
the iu.scription, ''Here lies liuricd ( 'ount
Donop."
Greene's defense of the fort was highly ap-
plauded and Congress ordered the Board of
War to present him with a handsome sword,
which was sent to his family after the War,
he having been murdered b)- Tory dragoons
under Colonel Delaucy at hi.s quarters near
Crotou River, Westchester County, N. Y.
( )n the anniversary of the battle of Red
Bank in 1829 a marble monument, which
had been erected by the contributions of New
Jersey and Pennsylvania Volunteers, was
unveiled within the northern line of the out-
works of the fort and within a few feet oi'
the margin of the Delaware. On it.^ soutli
side was inscribed, —
"This mouunient was erected on the 22d Octo..
1829, to transmit to Posterity a grateful remem-
brance of llie Patriotism and gallantry of Lieuten-
ant-Colonel Christopher Greene, who, with 401)
men, conquered the Hessian army of 20U0 troops
where, it is slated on tlie aiilliority of Miekle,
they were met by a company of farmere'
boys and held at bay for some time. This
detachment had with them a brass cannon, .
which they are supposed to have thrown into /I
Timber C)reek at Clement's Bridge. ^y
Judge Clement has recently made the fol-
lowing addition to his reminiscences :
"Martin Cox, a blacksmith, who plied his call-
ing at Chews l^anding, was an euthusiastic Whig,
and repaired the various arms used by the soldiers.
The day of the battle of Red Bank he started for
the fort to return a number of muskets to the
troops of that place, but finding that he could
not reach there by reason of the advance guard of
the Hessians, he buried them near by. He did
not return al'ler the battle, and they were left in
the ground where he had placed them for many
years, and a tradition in his family explains the
cause of their being there when found."
l''rom a brief mention made by Miekle, it
appears that in their march on Fort Mercer
the Hessians were guided by some country-
THE WAK OF THE REVOLrTlON'.
53
men, who were afterwards Icart'iilly imnisliwl
tor tlieir treaeliery to America. He writes, —
" Donop pressed several peisons whom he found
along the route into his service as pilots, amiinj;
whom was a negro belonging to the Cooper family,
called Old Mitch, who was at work by the Cooper's
Creek bridge. A negro named Dick, belonging to
the gallant Colonel Ellis, and an infamous white
scoundrel named Mcllvaine, volunteered their
services as guides. At the bar of the Haddonfield
tavern these loyal fellows were very loud in their
abuse of the American cause; but their insolence,
as we shall see, was soon repaid. . . . Dick and
Mcllvaine, the guides, having been taken prison-
ers by the Americans, were immediately hung
within the fort for divers outrages which they had
committed. Old Mitch, the other pilot, lived until
recently (1845) to tell to groups of admiring Cam-
den boys how terribly he was scared in this mem-
orable fight. Resolved not to bear arms against
his country, and being afraid to run away, he got
behind a hay-rick when the battle began, and lay
there flat on the ground until it was over."
Mickle is a usually reliable chronicler, but
there is no record to substantiate his state-
ment as to the execution of Dick and Mc-
llvaine.
FoRT^! Mercei! .\nii Mifflin Ah.\.\-
1K)NED. — Waiting uear Hog Island for the
signal-gun of Donop's attack were the Brit-
ish sixty-four-gun ship, the " Augusta," the
" Roebuck " and two other frigates, the .sloop
" Merlin " and a galley. When that gun w^as
tired they stood up the river with the inten-
tion of cannonading the American positions,
l)Ut were held back by the stubborn fire of
Hazlewood's little squadron. The next morn-
ing the battle was renewed, the British and
American fieets and Forts Mifflin and Mer-
cer all taking part. The British commander
aimed to woi'k his floating batteries into the
channel between Mud (Fort) Island and the
Pennsylvania shore, in order to shell Mifflin
from its rear, but each effort was thwarted by
the vigilance and the effective great gun ser-
vice of the patriots. By noon the enemy found
that it was impo.ssible to force tlie passage of
(he river by direct assault, and made prejtara-
tions to retire. A hot sliot had jjierccd the
" Augusta " and set lier on lire. Becoming un-
manageable, siie drifted towards the Xew
Jersey sliore and went hard and fast aground,
lier siiip's company escaping to the other ves-
sels. When tlie flames reached her magazine
she blew up. The " ]\Ierlin " met with preciselv
the same fate, and at three o'clock l)lew uj)
near the mouth of Mud Creek. The " Roe-
btiek " and her remaining consorts then gave
up the fight and left the Americans tiie pres-
ent masters of the Delaware.
But becau.se the river was the only avenue
through whicli Howe could be certain of re-
ceiving supplies in Philadelphia, he again .set
to work to open it for his ships. By Novem-
ber 1st he had erected on Province Island,
a low mud bank between Fort Mifflin and
the Pennsylvania shore, five batteries of
heavy guns. On this side Fort Mifflin had
only a wet ditch without ravelin or abatis,
and a weak block-house at each of the angles.
Tlie British ahso brought to bear upon the
fort four sixty-four-gun ships and two forty-
gun ships, besides a floating battery of
twenty- two twenty-four pounders, which was
moved within forty vards of an angle of the
fort. Lossiug gives the following narrative
of the Irombardment that followed :
"On the 10th of November the enemy opened
their batteries on land and water, and for six con-
secutive days poured a storm of liombs and round
shot upon the devoted fortification. .With con-
summate skill and courage, Lieutenant-Colonel
Smith directed the responses from the ordnance of
the fort. The artillery, drawn chiefly from Colonel
liamb's regiment, were commanded by Lieutenant
Treat, who was killed on the first day of the siege
by the bursting of a bomb. On that day the bar-
r.acks alone suffered, hut on the morning of the
1 1 th the direction of the enemy's fire was changed ;
a dozen of the strong palisades were demolished
and a cannon in an embrasure was disabled. The
firing did not cease until midnight and many of the
garrison were killed or wounded. Colonel Smith,
the conunander, had a narrow escape. He had just
gone into the barracks to write a letter to tJeneral
N'arnum when a ball passed through the chimney.
He was struck by the scattered bricks ami for a
lime lav senseless. He was taken across to Red
54
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Bank, and the coniiiiaud devolved upon Lieuten-
ant-Colonel Russell, of the Connecticut Line.
That officer \va.s disabled by fatigue and ill health,
and Major Thayer, of the Rhode Island Line,
volunteered to take his place. Major Henry, who
sent daily reports to Washington of the progress of
the siege, was also wounded on the 11th, but he
continued with the garrison. On the 12th a two-
gun battery of the Americans was destroyed, the
northwest block-house and laboratory were blown
up, and the garrison were obliged to seek shelter
within the fort. At sunrise on the 13th thirty
armed boats made their appearance, and during
that night the heavy floating battery was brought
to bear on the fort. It opened with terrible effect
on the morning of the 14th, yet that little garrison
of 300 men managed to silence it before noon.
"Hitherto the enemy did not know the real
weakness of the garrison ; on that day a deserter in
a boat carried information of that fact to the
British, who were seriously thinking of abandon-
ing the siege, for they had suffered much. Hope
was revived and preparations were made for a
general and more vigorous assault. At daylight
on the 15th the 'Iris' and ' Somerset,' men-of-war,
passed up the east channel to attack the fort in
front. Several frigates were brought to bear on
Fort Mercer, and the ' Vigilant,' an East Indiaman
of twenty twenty-four pounders, and a hulk with
three twenty-four pounders made their way
through a narrow channel on the western side and
gained a position to act in concert with the bat-
teries on Province Island in enfilading the Ameri-
can works. At ten o'clock, while all was silent, a
signal bugle sent forth its summons to action, and
instantly the land batteries and the shipping
poured forth a terrible storm of missiles upon Fort
Mifflin. The little garrison sustained the shock
with astonishing intrepidity, and far into the gloom
of the evening an incessant cannonade was kept
up. Within an hour the only two cannons in the
fort that had not been dismounted shared the fate
of the others. Every man who appeared on the
platform wa.s killed by the musketeers in the tops
of the ships, whose yards almost hung over the
American battery. Long before night not a pali-
sade was left; the embrasures were ruined; the
whole parapet leveled; the blockhouses were
already destroyed. Early in the evening Major
Thayer sent all the remnant of the garrison to Red
Bank, excepting forty men, with whom he re-
mained. Among these was the brave Captain
(afterwards Commodore) Talbot, of the Rliode
Island Line, who was wounded in the hip, having
fought for hours with his wrist shattered bv a mus-
ket-ball. At midnight, every defence and every
shelter being swept away, Thayer and his men set
fire to the remains of the barracks, evacuated the
fort and escaped in safety to Red Bank. Altogether,
it was one of the most gallant and obstinate de-
fences made during the war. In the course of the
last day more than a thousand discharges of can-
non, from twelve to thirty-two pounders, were
made against the works on Mud Island. Nearly
250 men of the garrison were killed and wounded.
The loss of the British was great ; the number was
not certainly known."
Wasliiugton, .shut up in liLs caiup al
Whitemarsh, could not send a man to the
defen.se of Fort Mifflin, but he was now able
to detacli Huntington's brigade to join that
of Varnuni in New Jersey, and ordered
General Greene with his division to oppose
Cornwallis, who had crossed the Delaware
from Chester to Billingsport, on November
I8th, to attack Fort Mercer. Greene cro.s.sed
at Burlington and marched toward Red
Bank, but as he was disappointed in his
e.xpectation of being joined by Glover's bri-
gade, and believing Cornwallis to be much
superior to himself in numbers, he gave up
the notion of a battle and marched off
toward Haddonfield. Colonel Greene, thus
abandoned to his fate, evacuated Fort Mercer
on November 20th, leaving his artillery,
ammunition and some stores for Cornwallis,
who dismantled the fort and demolished the
works. The latter received reinforcements
until he had fully five thou.sand men, with
whom he took position at Gloucester Point.
Morgan's rifle corps joined General Greene,
but the Americans were not strong enough
to venture a regular attack on the enemy.
The American fleet, no longer supported by
the forts, sought other places of safety. On
the night of November 2Ist the galleys, one
brig and two sloops in the darkness stole
cautiously along the Jersey shore past the
Briti.sh guns and arrived at Burlington in
safety. Seventeen other craft wore aban-
doned by their crews and burned to the
water's edge at Gloucester. The enemy were
in unvexed ijossessitjn uf the Delaware from
THE WAE OF THF- BEVOLTTTTON.
55
Pliihulelphia to the owan. In 1872 the
United States governmeut purchased a hun-
dred acres of the river front at Red Baid<,
and since then the vestiges of the enibank-
uients and trenches of Fort Mercer have
been preserved.
Skirmishes Around Glouckster. —
Both General Greene and Lord Cornwailis
retired from tlie Gloucester vicinage early in
the winter, but before they did so some very
interesting incidents occurred there and
about Haddonfield, which are graphically
described by Isaac Mickle and Judge
< "lenient.
On the evening of November 25, 1777,
General Lafayette, notwithstanding that he
was suffering from an unclosed wound, came
out from Greene's camp at Haddonfield with
the intention of reconnoitering Cornwailis.
His zeal carried him close up to the British
lines, upon the sandy peninsula south of the
outlet of Timber Creek, and he was pursued
by a squad of dragoons. He reported the
encounter to Washington in the subjoined
language :
"After having spent the most pari of the day in
iiiakiug myself well acquainted with the certainty
of the enemy's motions, I came pretty late into
the Gloucester road between the two creeks. I
had ten light horse, almost one hundred and fifty
riHeraen and two pickets of militia. Colonel
Armand, Colonel Launioy and Chevaliers Du-
plessis and Gimat were the Frenchmen with me.
A scout of men under Duplessis went to ascertain
how near to Gloucester were the enemy's first
pickets, and they found at the distance of two
and a half miles from that place a strong post of
three hundred and fifty Hessiaus with field-pieces,
and they engaged immediately. .\s my little
reconnoitering party were all in tine spirits, I
supported them. We pushed the Hessians more
than half a mile from the place where their main
l)ody had been, and we made them run very fast.
British reinforcements came twice to them, but
very far from recovering their ground, they always
retreated. The darkness of the niglit ])reveiited
us from pursuing our advantage. After standing
on the ground we had gained I ordered them to
return very sli>wly to Haddonfield. I take great
pleasure in JettiMg yon know that tin- rondurt of
our soldiers was above all praise. I never .saw
men so merry, so spirited and so desirous to go on
to the enemy, wh.atever force they might have, a,<
that small party in this little fight."
Tt was on this occasion that Morgan's
Rangers drew from Lafayette the notable
compliment: "I found them even above
their reputation." They were commanded
by Lieutenant-Colonel Butler. The Ameri-
cans had onl}' one man killed and .six
wounded, while the British lost about sixty
in killed, wounded and prisoners.
In the latter part of February, I77H,
General Anthony Wayne came into Lower
Jersey to gather cattle and hor.ses for the
American army, and Howe dispatched
Colonel Stirling with two battalions to
im]>ede him.
Major Simcoe, with the Queen's Rang-
ers, a very efficient corps of Tories re-
cruited in New York and Connecticut,
occupied Haddonfield, while Slirling re-
mained near Coopers Ferry with a reserve.
Simcoe occupied the main street with his
troojis, and .sent detachments to destroy
some barrels of tar near 'limber C!reek and
.seize a lot of rum on the Egg Harbor road
east of the village. " Mad Anthony " quickly
whirled his little command down toward
the river from Mount Holly, and, in obedi-
ence to Stirling's orders, Simcoe quitted
Haddonfield by niglit in a storm of sleet
and rain, and rejoined the reserve at (hoopers
Ferry, with Wayne only a few miles distant.
Mickle says, —
"The ne.xt day (March 1st) a sliarp ' skirmish
ensued between the Spicer's Ferry Bridge over
Coopers Creek and the place where the Camden
.\cademy now stands. Fifty British, picked out
from the F^rty-secoud and the Rangers, having
been sent three or four miles up the direct road to
Haddonfield, for some remaining forage, were met
by Wayne's cavalry and forced to retreat to the
ferry. The Americans followed uj) to the verv
cordon of the enemy. The British were drawn
up in the following order : the Forty-second upon
the right. Colonel Markham in the centre and the
(iuei'u's Rangers upon the left, with their left flank
56
HISTORY OF rAATPRX COUNTY, NEW JERSEJ.
resting upun r.ooi)ers Creek. Captain Kerr anrl
Lieutenant Wickham were in the meanwliile em-
Vjarking with their men to Philadelphia, and as the
Americans seemed disposed only to reconnoitre,
Colonel Markham's detachment and the horses also
started across the river. Just then a barn within
the cordon was fired, and the Americans, taking
this as evidence that only a few stragglers were
left upon the eastern shore, advanced and drove in
the pickets. The Forty-second moved forward in
line and the Rangers in column by companies, the
sailors drawing some three-pound cannon. A few
Americans appearing upon the Waterford side of
Coopers Creek, Captain Armstrong, with a com-
pany of Otrenadiers, was ordered to line a dyke on
this side to watch them.
" Upon the right, in the neighborhood ol' the
Academy and the Hicksite Meeting-house, a heavy
fire was kept up by the Forty-second upon the
main body of the Americans, who were in the
woods along the Haddonfield road. The Rangers
on the left, toward the creek, only had to oppose
a few scattered cavalry, who were reconnoitering.
As Simcoe advanced rapidly to gain an eminence
in front, which he conceived to be a strong and
advantageous position,' the cavalry retired to the
woods, except on officer, who reined back his horse
and facing the Rangers as they dashed on, slowly
waved his sword for his attendants to retreat. The
English Light Infantry came within fifty yards of
him, when one of them called out ' you are a brave
fellow, but you must go away ? ' The undaunted
officer paying no attention to the warning, one
McGill, afterwards a quartermaster, was ordered to
fire at him. He did so and wounded the horse,
but the rider was unscathed and soon joined his
comrades in the woods a little way otl."
Tliis brave officer was ('ount Pulaski, wlio
liad fommand of the cavalry. lu this skir-
mish several ol" Simcoe's Rangers were
wounded and Sergeant Moi'herson, of tiie
Grenadiers, was killed. A cannonading was
kept up from the eminence whidi Simcoe had
occupied upon some of the Americans, wlio
were removing the plank from C^ooper's
Bridge, but it proved harmless. So persistent
were the efforts of the Americans to drive
their enemies away from ahoul Coopers
Ferrv, that a .scries of cnlrcncliments was
•About the crcssing oltlie I'aiiulon iiud Atliiutic iiml
Camden ami Aniboy HailroiKls, formerly Dogwooiltowii.
thrown u|), extending from the creek we.st-
erly toward the river, and the timber there-
abouts was so cut as to ol)struct the move-
ments of troops coming from the interior.
The position was also protec-ted by the can-
non of vessels lying in the river, and tiius
the British were saved from the abandon-
ment of the place.
While Wayne was posted in Haddonfield
some of his men made a reconnoissance of the
British at Gloucester, and were discovered and
pursued by a superior force. A running
fight ensued, which la.sted nearly from
Gloucester Point to tlie American lines, but
the British suffered much the greater loss.
The most prominent man in this action on
the American side was Colonel El^lis, of the
Gloucester militia. Soon afterward the
whole British force at Gloucester moved on
Wayne at Haddonfield by night, but found
only his empty quarters.
On this occasion occurred the daring ex-
ploit of Miles Sage, a vidette in Ellis' regi-
ment, who, with a comrade named Ch^w,
as stated by Judge Clement :
" Detected the enemy's movements and rode in
great haste to inform Colonel Ellis. Chew taking
a shorter route and swimming his horse across
Newton Creek, was the first to reach Haddonfield,
and Ellis' regiment marched out just as the British
marched in. The colonel was so corpulent that
he fell behind his men, and but for the darkness of
the night would have been taken prisoner.
"The intelligence brought by Chew created
great consternation in the town, and every precau-
tion was taken to mislead the enemy by putting
out the lights in the dwellings and the families
retiring to bed. A colored servant in the family
of Mrs. Abigail Blackwood, widow of Samuel
Blackwood, then living in Tanner Street,
was sent with the children to their room and
strictly enjoined to extinguish the candle, '^n
gratify her curiosity, however, she placed it on the
window ledge, which attracted the attention of the
soldiers, who at once surrounded the house. John
Blackwood, n -son of the widow, then a lad, was
captured, taken into the street and made to tell
what he knew of Colonel Ellis and his regiment.
While attempting, by the liglit of a few torches
and surrounded by the excited soldiers, to show
THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTION.
57
the direction nf tlie lotreating lroO|>s, Miles Sage
rode up and asked llie buy very much the same
((uestion he was endeavoring to answer the others.
His reply was that they liad koic 'some one
way and some another.' At this moment Sage
discovered that he was in the midst of British
soldiers, who at the same time noticed that he
was an American.
"Sage at once put .spurs to his horse, rode
hastily into the main street and towards the
northerly part of the village. He was fired upon
as he vanished in the darkness, but escaped until
he reached the upi)er hotel, where his horse was
wounded and he fell to the ground. Before Sage
could disengage himself from the saddle he was
attacked by the guard, stabbed in various places
about his body, and left for dead in the street. By
order of a Scotch officer he was carried into a
small building on the north side of the street near
the present Temperance House, where he was
attended by a surgeon of the army."
On examination it was found that lie iiad
tiiirteen bayonet wounds, and he was put in
the care of some women, one of whom became
tlie mother of (xovernor Stratton. Being
besougiit to prepare for death, he exclaimed :
" Why, Martha, I mean to give the enemy
tiiirteen rounds yet." He lived to tell iiis
grandchildren of his perilous adventure.
Siracoe had a narrow escape while halted
at Haddonfield with his battalion. Says the
same authority above given, —
" On one occasion, while resting his horse near
the brow of the hill, opjwsite the present residence
of William Mann, Major Simcoe heard the whist-
ling of a rifle ball near him and saw two persons
on the opposite hill. He ordered Lieutenant
Whitlock to take a few drigoons and capture
them. These persons proved to be John Kain
(brother of Joseph Hinchman's wife) and Benja-
min Butler, two young men who secured the loan
of a rifle of Joseph Collins (then living on the
farm now owned by Logan Paul) for the purpose
of hunting. They had proceeded along the roa<l
as far as where Jacob Dodd now lives, I'rom which
point Simcoe was plainly in view, and could not
resist the temptation of shooting at a British
oHicer. After this exploit they thought best to
return to the house, when Diana Collins, a daugh-
ter of Josei)h, discovered the dragoons in pursuit
and shouted to the young men to escajjc. Kain
turned down the creek into the swamp and evaded
8
the soldiers, while Butler ran up llu' hill and
secreted himself in the bushes, and but for his
curiosity in watching the men and horses ;is they
passed would also have escai)cd. He, however,
left his hiding-place, went back into the road, was
discovered, and after a hot chase cai)tured. He
wiis taken to Philadelphia, thence to the jirison-
ships at New York, and kept for a long time. Al-
though not the guilty one, as Kain handled the
gun, he suflered a terrible punishment, from the
eflects of which his health was never Inlly restored.
He did not return for about three years, and when
he visited the spot where he had secreted himself,
found his hat that had been lost in (he scuttle at
the time."
The first liritish encampment at (,'o()j)ers
Point was made by ( leneral A bercr<jrnbie,
who had his headquarters in the house that
was afterwards bought by Joseph W. Cooper.
The quarters of the Foi-ty-third Jlegimcnt,
Colonel Shaw, and several Highland and
Hessiau regiments were at the old Middle
Ferry House, sometimes called English's.
Mickle says, — •
" The British lines reached from the Point down
the Delaware nearly to Market Street, Camden,
thence up to the site of the present academy at the
corner of Sixth and Market Streets, and thence
about northeast across to Coopers Creek. The re-
mains of their redoubts were visible until a few
years ago."
The same authority says, —
Li March, 1778, soon after the retreat of Simcoe
from Haddonfield, Pulaski, with a considerable
body of Continental troopers, came close under
the British lines to reconnoitre. The enemy,
anticipating his approach, placed an ambush upon
both sides of the road leading from the bridge to
the Middle Ferry, in the neighborhood of the
present Friends' meeting-house, under the com-
mand of Colonel Shaw. As Pulaski approached,
a good way in advance of his men, a stanch
Whig, William West, mounted a log and waved
his hat as a signal of retreat. Pulaski took the
hint, hastily wheeled his men aud saved them
from slaughter. About the same time a hot fight
took place at Coopers Creek Bridge, where the
Englishmen surprised a party of militia. Several
of the latter were killed and the rest captured.
Most of the Gloucester fighting men eidistcd early
in the war and were marched to Fort Washington,
where they were taken and confined on board of
58
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
the British prison-ship ' Jersey,' through the horrors
of which but few ever lived to return home. Most
of the minute-men, therefore, who annoyed the
British in the neighborhood of Philadelphia were
very young. They fought bravely and sold their
lives whenever they were overpowered as dearly
as possible.
" Among the American Rangers who distin-
guished themselves in forays in the west end of
Newton, none were more eminent than John Stokes
and Kinsey, or, as he was generally called, Taph
Bennett. Stokes was a man of unconquerable
energy, and some of his feats equal anything ever
told of Jasper or MacDonald. He was continually
hanging upon the lines of ihe enemy, and was in
hourly danger of his life. His courage and activ-
ity, however, could relieve him from any dilemma.
He lived through the war to tell of his hair-
breadth escapes at many a social party. Taph was
a kindred spirit. Like Stokes, he had pricked
many an Englishman who dreamed not of a rebel
being within ten leagues ; and it is said he gen-
erally cut off his foeman's thumb to prove his
prowess to his comrades."
Local Incidents of the War. — The
Tories and Hessians burned the iiouses of
many staunch patriots in old Gloucester,
among them the mansion of the Huggs, near
Timber Creek bridge, and that of the Harri-
sons, close to the Point. The Hugg family
were punished in this fashiou for having
given two officers and several privates to the
patriot armies. The women were as cour-
ageous as the men. Mrs. Hugg, the mother
of Colonel Joseph Hugg, met the intruders
who were foraging in her poultry-yard. " Do
you," she stormed at them, " call yourselves
soldiers and come thus to rob undefended
premises ? I have .sons who are in Wash-
ington's army. They are gentlemen and not
such puppies as you." Within a few days
her house and out-buildings were burned to
the ground.
Most of the houses along Coopers Creek
were sacked by the enemy, uidess their occu-
pants were Tories. A young British officer
made a recpiisition at the dwelling of the
Champions for their best horse. He got an
imbroken colt, which threw him into a pond,
and in revenge he had his men plunder the
house. An old gentleman named Ellis bur-
ied his specie near his house at night by the
light of a lantern to save it from the maraud-
ers. The light betrayed him to the spies
lurking about, and when he next visited the
spot his treasure was gone.
In the Haddonfield budget of legend and
history are many narratives that serve to
illustrate the Revolutionary epoch. A Scotch
regiment which was encamped about the cen-
tre of the town in the winter of 1777-78
made many friends by soldierly conduct. The
boys of the village soon ingratiated them-
selves into the good graces of the men and
exchanged some game for powder. They
were subjects of much curiosity because of
wearing the full Highland uniform.
Robert Blaekwell, D.D., an Episcopal
clergyman, who became a chaplain in the
American army at the opening of the strug-
gle and remained until the end, was a resi-
dent of Haddonfield ; his house stood on
the east side of Main Street and opposite
Tanner Street.
Mrs. Annie Howell, the daughter of Mrs.
Abigail Blackwood and widow of Colonel
Joshua L. Howell, of Fancy Hill, Gloucester
County, was a child in Haddonfield during
the war and retained vivid recollections of
Lafayette and Pulaski. The former took
frequent notice of her, and she never forgot
him as an affable, courtly French gentleman.
The jewelry he wore M'as her special admira-
tion, and when in her old age she spoke of
him she never omitted to mention this fea-
ture of his dress. She would describe Pu-
laski in his dragoon uniform, wearing a
tightly-fitting green jacket and buckskin
breeches, mounted on a superb charger and
displaying his wonderful horsenumship tn
the admiring soldiers.
EVACU.^TI0N OF i'lllI.ADKLI'ltlA AND
Retreat of the British. — All the sur-
rounding country was overrun in June, 1778,
when the British evacuated Phiiadelj)hia,
crossed the Delaware at' Gloucester and
THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTION.
59
inai-phed to New York. Tlicy were four
days and nights passing through Haddon-
field, bv reason of the munitions of war and
plunder witii which they were loaded down.
Their wagon-trains seemed to stretch out in-
terminaljly. Bakeries, laundries, hospitals
and smith-shops were on wheels, as well as
l^oats, bridges, magazines and uiedicine-chests.
With occasional field work, the troops had
lounged the winter through in Philadelphia ;
they had stolen everything they could carry
on leaving there and along the line of march,
and were consequently weighted with lug-
gage. Judge Clement has preserved the me-
mories of the sufferings of the New Jersey
people caused by them. They brought with
them a host of camp followers, debased wo-
men, who would enter private houses, carry off
such things as they might select, and if inter-
fered with, would insult the owners by
wicked conduct and obscene language. They
were outside of military control, and the offi-
cers would not interfere with them. To save
what they might, the residents drove their
cattle to secret places, buried valuables and
household adornments in the ground and hid
their provisions. The lax discipline of the
British, however, was an eventual advantage
to the Americans, for it contributed to the
victory which Washington gained over tiiem
at ^lonmouth on June "i.Sth.
The Haddonfield farmers formed a league
for the protection of their horses and cattle.
In a low, swampy piece of timber land, about
two miles east of the village, and familiarly
known as " Charleston," now part of the
farm of George C. Kay, Esq., several acres
were surrounded with a strong, high fence,
and there the stock was secluded whenever
in danger. Once the league's secret was be-
trayed by Jacob Wine, a man in their em-
ploy, and the British seized every animal
within the stockade, but in being removed
the horses were stampeded and fled into the
forests near Ellisburg, whence the owners
subsequently rescued them.
Some of Old Gloiickstku County's
Heroes. — The most prominent military
characters of the county of Gloucester at the
commencement of the War of the Revolu-
tion, were Colonels Joseph Ellis, Josiali
Ilillman, Joseph Hugg and Robert Brown,
Major William Ellis, Captains Samuel Hugg,
John Stokes and John Davis.
Colonel Ellis had commanded a company
in Canada in the French and Indian War,
but on the opening of the i.ssue between the
mother-country and the colonies he resigned
the commission he held of the King and was
made a colonel in the Gloucester militia.
He was in the battle of Monmouth and sev-
eral other engagements, in all of which he
fought bravely.
Colonel Hillman was esteemed a gooil offi-
cer and saw much hard .service.
Colonel Hugg was appointed commissary
of purchase for West Jersey at an early
stage of the war, and in that capacity did
much for the cause. He was in the battles
of Germantown, Shorthills and Monmouth ;
and when the British crossed from Philadel-
phia to New York he was detailed to drive
away the .stock along their line of march, in
performing which duty he had many narrow
escapes from the enemy's light hor.se.
Colonel Brown lived at Swedesboro', and
his regiment was chiefly employed in pre-
venting the enemy from landing from their
ships and restraining the excursions of the
refugees from Billingsport.
Major Ellis was taken prisoner early in
the war, and kept for a long time upon Long
Island.
Captain Samuel Hugg and Frederick Fre-
liughuysen were appointed by an act of the
Legislature to command the first two com-
panies of artillery raised in New Jersey —
Captain Hugg in the Western and Captain
Frelinghuy.sen in the I];istcrn Division. The
former soon raised his company, and in it
were a number of young men of fortune and
the first families in the State, the Westcoats,
60
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Elmers, Seeleys and others, men who after-
wards occupied distinguislied posts in the
local and national governments. This com-
pany was at the battles of Trenton and
Princeton. When the " Roebuck," (44) was
engaged in protecting the operations against
the chevaux-de-frise at Billingsport, Captain
Hugg's artillerists threw up a small breast-
work on the Jersey shore and fought here
during a whole daj' ; but unfortunately their
first sergeant, William Ellis, was killed by
a cannon-ball, which took oif both his legs
above the knees. This Ellis was an English-
man and had been for several years a recruit-
ing officer for the British service in Phila-
delphia. He joined the American cause
early — like his namesake, was a very brave
man — and died much regrettetl by his com-
j)anions-in-arms.
Captain Stokes commanded a company of
mere boys, made up from some of the best
families in Gloucester County. These fellows
were at the battle of Monmouth, but Colonel
Hillman sent them to the rear to guard the
baggage. Stokes was often heard to say
afterward that he " never saw so mad a set
of youngsters" as these were on being as-
signed to so safe a post. They cried with
rage at being stationed there after having
marched so far to see what fighting was.
Among those who enlisted in the service
from the Haddonfield region were John
Stafford, James B. Cooper and John Mapes.
Because of Stafford's stalwart figure and
erect military l)earing, he was selected as one
of Wasliington's body-guard, but at the
battl(! of (iermantowu was so badly woinided
by a shot in the thigh that he was retired
from active service. Cooper and Mapes
fought in Harry Lee's Ijight Dragoons, and,
after the war, the former commanded several
merchant-ships sailing out of Philadelphia.
When hostilities with (Jreat Britain began,
in 1812, he accepted a commission in the
United States navy, and i"ose to the rank of
post-caj)lain. " Mapes," we are told by
Judge Clement, " settled a few miles from
the place and took much pleasure in con-
versing about the ' Old War,' as he called it.
He was a genial, pleasant man ; woi'e a
broad-brimmed hat, with his long clay pipe
twisted in the band, never passing an oppor-
tunity for using it. His familiar salutation
of ' My darling fellow,' whenever he met a
friend, is still remembered by the people,
whether it was at a public gathering or by
his own fireside. Not having much of this
world's goods, and living to a ripe old age,
the pension allotted him by Congress was
the means of making him comfortable in his
latter days."
Captain James B. Cooper was the only
child of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Hopwell)
Cooper, and was born at Coopers Point, Cam-
den. Although of Quaker ancestors and edu-
cated in the faith and belief of that Society, yet
in his youth being frequently the observant
of military excitement, he early in life
coveted the desire to become a soldier.
The home of his parents was for a time the
rendezvous of either American or British
troops, and as a boy he became familiar with
many stirring events of that period. His
father's commands nor his mother's persua-
sions and tender solicitude, would not deter
him from joiningthe parti.--an corps of Colonel
Henry Lee, of the American Army and al-
though underage, he managed togettheconsent
of the commander to follow his forttnies during
the stoi-my times of that eventful war. With
others of the neighborhood about, he was
mounted and .soon became expert in the diffi-
cult drill of a cavalryman and a favorite
with his companions. He saw much active
service, was at the capture of Stony Point
and Paulus Hook, in New York, was at the
battle of Guilford Court-House and Entaw
Spring.s, in South Carolina, assisted in the
stt)rming of Forts Watson, Mott and Granby,
in the last-named State, and was present at
the engagements before Galpin and Augusta,
in Geory-ia. He was selec^ted bv Colonel Lee
J V
THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTION.
61
as the bearer of dispatches to theooiumaiKler-
in-chief, and was entrusted with a flag of
truce to theBritisli military authorities, which,
under the circumstances, was a delicate and
important duty. Many incidents of that
event, as related by himself, and to which he
was an eye-witness, are now forgotten. He
lived long enougli, however, after the war to
see his country prosperous and her institu-
tions command the respect of the nations of
the world.
After the close of the war he adopted a
sea-faring life, and soon rose to the command
of some of the best ships that sailed out of
Philadelphia. Upon the opening of the War
of 1812, he accepted the position of .sailing-
master in the navy, but was promoted to the
rank of lieutenant for valuable services. At
one time he had charge of the gun-boats on
the New Jersey coast, placed there to prevent
the depredations of the English cruisers. This
was a dangerous position, for his vessels,
although good sailors, were deficient in
the weight of their guns. He had a wary
and bold enemy to contend with, which
required all his ingenuity to avoid, yet keep
watch of their movements .so as to inform
his superiors in command of a larger craft.
He saw some service after this war, and in
1834 took charge of the Naval A.syluni at
Philadelphia, where he i-emained several
years. After that duty he returned to Ilad-
donfield, and there lived in the enjoyment of
a ripe old age, surrounded by his family ami
many friends. During this time he was
advanced to the rank of post-captain as a
compliment for his service through two wars
of the nation. He died February 5, ] 854,
in the ninety-third year of his age, and his
remains lie in the Friends' grave-yard at
Haddonfield, without any monument to show
his last resting-place.
Chews Landing, at the head of naviga-
tion on Timber Creek, got its name from the
family of a steadfast patriot, Aaron Chew,
who, while enjoying a furlough from the
army, was chased into the old tavern on the
hill by British cavalry. They tired several
volleys into the building, where the bullet-
holes may yet be seen, and Chew was made
prisoner as he fled. Confined in a prison-
ship in New York, he was one of the many
Gloucester men who endured extreme torture
in those filthy, dark and crowded hulks.
Attempt to Steal the Records of
Continental Congre.s.s. — James Moody's
attempt to steal the records of the Continen-
tal Congress is an episode of the war which
culminated at Camden. He was a Tory
and a lieutenant in Skinner's brigade of the
British army, and had made him.self famous
for his daring and his intense hatred of the
patriots long before he undertook the adven-
ture which proved so signal a failure. One Ad-
dison, an Englishman by birth, but who
had become a thorough American in feeling,
was employed, in a clerical capacity, by
Charles Thomson, .secretary of the Conti-
nental Congress. Having been captured by
the British and imprisoned in New York,
he proposed to Major Beckwith, aide-de-
camp to the Hessian general Knyphausen,
that if he was released or exchanged, he
would steal the .secret docunuents of Congress
and place them in the custody of the agent
whom Knyphausen might designate. Beck-
with fell into the trap set by the cunning
iMiglishman, and enlisted Moody, who had
on several occasions captured the dispatches
of Washington and other .American com-
manders, and was entirely familiar with the
country. Moody was equally hoodwinked,
and leagued with himself his brother and an-
other Tory named Marr. Addison was .set
fr(>e and left New York for Philadelphia.
Moody and his aids followed him, and, on
November 7, 1781, they met Moody on the
Camden side of the Delaware. What fol-
lowed is told by the Tory himself in a little
pamphlet which he wrote. When old and
poor he sought refuge in Jllngland and be-
sousilit the British tfovernment for assistance:
62
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
" Lieutenant Moody kept a little back, at such a
distance as not to have his person distinguished,
yet so as to be within hearing of the conversation
that passed. His brother and Marr, on going up
to Addison, found him apparently full of confi-
dence and in high spirits, and everything seemed
to promise success. He told them that their plot
was perfectly ripe for execution, that he had se-
cured the means of admission into the most pri-
vate recesses of the State-House, so that he should
be able the next evening to deliver to them the
papers they were in quest of. . . . Soon after
they crossed the river to Philadelphia, and it is
probable that on the passage Addison was for the
first time informed that their friend was Lieutenant
Moody. Whether it was this discovery that put
it first into his head, or whether he had all along
intended it and had already taken the necessary
previous steps, the lieutenant cannot certainly say,
but he assures himself that every generous-minded
man will be shocked when he reads that this per-
fidious wretch had either sold or was about to sell
them to the Congress.
" As the precise time in which they should be
able to execute their plan could not be astertained,
it was agreed that Lieutenant Moody should re-
main at the ferry-house opposite to Philadelphia
till they returned. On going into the house, he
told the mistress of it by a convenient equivoca-
tion that he was an officer of the Jersey brigade,
as he really was, though of that Jersey brigade
which was in the King's service. The woman un-
derstood him as speaking of a rebel corps, which
was also called the Jersey brigade. To avoid
notice, he pretended to be indisposed, and going
up-stairs, he threw himself upon a bed and here
continued to keep his room, but always awake and
always on the watch. Next morning about eleven
o'clock he saw a man walk hastily up to the house
and overheard him telling some {>erson at the
door that ' there was the devil to pay in Philadel-
phia, that there had been a plot to break into the
State-House, but that one of the party had be-
trayed the others, that two were already taken, and
that a party of soldiers had just crossed the river
with him to seize their leader, who was said to be
hereabouts.' The lieutenant felt himself to be
too nearly interested in this intelligence any longer
to keep up the appearance of a sick man, and seiz-
ing his pistols, he instantly ran down-stairs and
made his escape.
" He had not got a hundred yards from the
house when he saw the soldiers enter it. A small
piece of woods lay before him, in which he hoped,
at least, to be out of sight, and he had sprung the
fence in order to enter it. But it was already
lined by a party of horse with a view of cutting
off his retreat. Thus surrounded, all hopes of flight
were in vain, and to seek for a hiding-place in a
clear, open field seemed equally useless. With
hardly a hope of escaping so much as a moment
longer undiscovered, he threw himself flat on his
face in a ditch, which yet seemed of all places the
least calculated for concealment, for it was without
weeds or shrubs and so shallow that a quail might
be seen in it; . . . yet, as Providence ordered it, the
improbability of the place proved the means of
his security. He had lain there but a few minutes,
when six of his pursuers passed within ten feet of
hinf and very diligently examined a thickety part
of the ditch that was but a few paces from him.
With his pistols cocked, he kept his eye constantly
upon them, determining that as soon as he saw
himself to be discovered by any of them, he would
instantly spring up and sell his life as dearly as
might be, and, refusing to be taken alive, provoke,
and if pos.sib!e, force them to kill him. Once or
twice he thought he saw one of the soldiers look
at him, and he was on the point of shooting the
man. . . From the ditch they went all around the ad-
jacent field, and, as Lieutenant Moody sometimes a
little raised up his head, he saw them frequently
running their bayonets into some tall stacks of
Indian corn fodder. This suggested to him an
idea that if he could escape till night, a place they
had already explored would be the securest place
for him. When night came he got into one of
those stacks. The wind was high, which prevented
the rustling of the leaves of the fodder as he en-
tered from being heard by the people who were
passing close by him into the country in quest of
him. His position in this retreat was very uncom-
fortable, for he could neither sit nor lie down. In
this erect posture, however, he remained two
nights and two days without a morsel of food, for
there was no corn on the stalks, and, which was in-
finitely more intolerable, without drink. We must
not relate, for reasons which may be easily imag-
ined, what became of him immediately after his
coming out of this uneasy prison, but we will ven-
ture to inform the readers that on the fifth night
after his elopement from the ferry-house he
THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTION.
6;^
searched the banks of the Delaware until he had
the good fortune to meet with a small boat. Into
this he jumped and rowed a considerable way up
the river. In due time he left his boat, and, re-
lying on the aid of Loyalists, after many circui-
tous marches, all in the night, and through path-
less courses, in about five days he once more ar-
rived at New York."
Local Patriotism. — The leading fami-
lies in the Gloucester ueighborhood are de-
scribed by Judge Clement as being strongly
imbued with the sjiirit of liberty, and no op-
portunity was passed for giving information
that would asssist the Continental cause.
"To insure protection the enemy's pickets were
kept on and along the King's road, which crossed
Little Timber Creek at the Two Tuns tav-
ern, kept by an old lady known as Aunty High
Cap. The road extending southerly, passed close
in front of the Browning homestead and over Big
Timber Creek, where the old bridge formerly stood.
Going southerly from the old tavern, it went near
the former residence of Jonathan Atkinson and
through Mount Ephraim toward Haddonfield. The
section of country lying between this old road and
the river was the scene of many encounters, num-
berless reconuoissances and much strategy, and
traditions are still remembered touching their pur-
pose and success, while others are lost sight of and
forgotten. All these grew out of the increasing
vigilance of the people toward their common en-
emy. Aunty High Cap's was the hostelry where
the British officers most did congregate, where
military rank and discipline were laid aside, and
where the feast of reason and flow of soul was most
enjoyed."
At one of these revels an officer was killed
by a rifle-shot fired by a man standing on the
porch of the Atkinson residence, at least a
mile distant, and many of the English believed
that it was not accidental, but rather an un-
welcome evidence of the expertness of New
Jersey marksmen.
The ocem side of Old Gloucester, that
which is now comprised in Atlantic County,
was the locality of some memorable Revolu-
tionary incidents. Smugglers, who.se object it
was to run goods, espeoially groceries and
liquors, through the British lines and into
Philadelphia, abounded along the coast, and
undertook many intrepid operations. In
light-draft vessels they stole up Mullica
River to the forks of Egg Harbor, where the
contraband stuff was placed upon wagons and
hauled across the country, passing through
Haddonfield on the way to a profitable mar-
ket in the city. Almost every swamp along
the route had its secu-et places of deposit, and
the loyalty of the people to the American
cause had much to do witii making this kind
i)f trade successful.
Egg Harbor was a station on the route of
the refugees who were passing north and
south during the war or following the move-
ments of the British forces, with whom alone
they were safe from their indignant country-
men. They had innumerable encounters with
the hardy sailors and fishermen along the
shore, who were zealous Americans and ever
ready to display their abomination of the ad-
herents of royalty. The New Jersey State
Gazette, which was published at Trenton,
contains in its files the following record of
events of that period on the Gloucester sea-
front :
"March 31, 1779. — In the late snow-storm the
transport ship 'Mermaid,' of Whitehaven, England,
with troops from Halifax bound to New York, was
driven on shore and bilged at Egg Harbor. After
being in this miserable situation from five o'clock
on Monday morning until noon on Tuesday, a boat
came oflT to their relief and saved only forty-two
souls out of one hundred and eighty-seven."
"August 25, 1779. — By a sailor from Egg Har-
bor we are informed that on Wednesday last the
schooner ' Mars,' Captain Taylor, fell in with a ves-
sel mounting fourteen guns, which he boarded and
took. She proved to be a British packet from
Falmouth, England, to New York. Captain Tay-
lor took the mail and prisoners, forty-five in num-
ber; but on Saturday last fell in with a fleet of
twenty-three sail, under convoy of a large ship and
frigate, when the latter gave chase to the frigate
64
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
and retook her. Captain Taylor got safe into Egg
Harbor."
"Septe!iiber 11, 1782.— Last week Captain Doug-
lass, with some of the militia of Gloucester Coun-
ty, attacked a refugee boat at Egg Harbor, with
eighteen refugees on board, of whom fourteen were
shot or drowned ; the rest made their escape."
" December 18, 1782. — Captain Jackson, of the
'Greyhound,' on the evening of Sunday, last week,
with much address within the Hook the schooner
' Dolphin ' and sloop ' Diamond,' bound from New
York to Halifax, and brought them both into Egg
Harbor. These vessels were both condemned to
the claimants, and the amount of sales amounted
to £10,500."
Thus privateering, fighting, smuggling and
saving the lives of the shipwrecked enemy
combined to furnish exciting employment
and perilous adventure to the dwellers by the
seaboard. In 1781-82 they were pestered
with parties of Cornwallis' troops, who had
escaped from the Virginia cantonment in
which they were confined after his surrender
at Yorktown, and were making their way to
New York. Captain John Davis was posted
with a company at Egg Harbor to look out
for the fugitives, and got wind of a party of
twenty-one, who were concealed iu the woods
and waiting for a vessel to take them off.
He ambushed nineteen men near where they
were to embark, and when they appeared on
the shore, he killed or recaptured every one
of them after a hand-to-hand fight.
Mickle obtained from some of the survi-
vors of the war another incident of Davis'
expedition, which he thus relates, —
"On one occasion hi.s (Davis') lieutenant, Ben-
jamin Bates, with Richard Powell, a [irivate, called
at a house where Davis had been informed that
two refugee officers were lodging. Bates got to
the house before any of the family had risen, ex-
cept two girls, who were making a fire in the
kitchen. He inquired if there were any persons
in the house beside the family, and was answered,
' None except two men from up in the country.'
He bade the girls show him where they were, which
they did. In passing through a room separating
the kitchen from the bed-room, he saw two pistols
lying on a table. Knocking at the door, he was
refused admittance, but finding him determined to
enter, the two refugees finally let him in. They
refused to tell their names, but were afterwards
found to be William Giberson and Henry Lane,
refugee lieutenants, the former a notorious rascal
who had committed many outrages and killed one
or two Americans in cold blood. On their way to
the quarters of Davis' company, Giberson called
Bates' attention to something he pretended to see
at a distance, and while Bates was looking in that
direction Giberson started in another, and, being
a very fast runner, although Bates fired his musket
at him, he managed to escape.
" Davis, on being informed of what had hap-
pened, told Bates to try again the next night.
Accordingly the next night he went to the same
house. While in the act of opening the door he
heard the click of a musket-cock behind a large
tree within a few feet of him. He dropped on his
knees, and the ball cut the rim of his hat. Giber-
son started to run, but before he had got many
rods Bates gave him a load of buck-shot, which
broke his leg. He was well guarded until he could
be removed, with Lane, to Burlington gaol, from
which, however, he soon made his escape and went
to New York."
The same writer, who is borne out by the
Historical Collections in this matter, states
that Elijah Clark and Richard Westcott
built, at their own expen.se, a small fort at
the Fox Burrows, on Chestnut Neck, " near
the port of Little Egg Harbor," and bought
for it a number of cannon for the defense of
the port. While the Revolutionary Legisla-
ture was in session at Haddonfield, in Sep-
tember, 1777, the two branches pas.sed a
resolution for paying Chirk and Westcott
four hundred and thirty pounds for this
fort, wliicii at one time was dcl'ended by
fifteen hundred of the shore men, who evac-
uateil it upon the enemy ascending the river
in great force in barges.
After the retreat of the British to New
York, as a residt of the battle of Monmouth,
Gloucester County was free from the pres-
ence of the enemy during the remainder of
the war, except iis it was traversed by the
THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTION.
65
refugees ami e,<f'a[)ing prisoners first spoken
of. Her ardent patriots welcomed witli
extreme joy the alliance concluded with
Fi-ance on February 6, 1778, which stimu-
lated recruiting for the depleted ranks of the
regiments of the Line. They maintained un-
broken their good reputation except when, in
tlie middle of . January, 1781, a portion of the
i)rigade, then stationed at Ponipton, revolted
and marched to Chatham, in Middlesex
County. They were suffering from the
extremity of want. They had enlisted for
the term of three years or during the war.
The officers contended that the meaning of
the argument was that they shoidd serve
until the war closed ; the men claimed that
they could not be held after the three years
had elapsed. Washington immediately dis-
patched General Robert Howe with five
hundred . regidars to march against the
mutineers and subdue them by force. They
were taken by sur[)rise and yielded at onir.
'i'welve of the principal offenders were com-
|)eiled to select two of the ringleaders, who
were promptly executed and order was com-
pletely restored.
The Council of Safety at Haodox-
FiEi-D. — Messrs. Barber and Howe, in pre-
paring the New Jersey " Historical Collec-
tions " in 1 843, vouched for the truth of the
allegation that the Continental Congress
" sat for several weeks in Haddonfiehl dur-
ing the war, in the house built by Matthias
Aspden, and boarded about among the in-
habitants." This is one of the legends of
the town, and these authors seem to have
accepted it without seeking for verification.
Mickle, two years later, was more careful,
and, as a result of his inquiry, intimates that
Barber and Howe confounded the Provincial
Congress of New tlersey with the Continen-
tal Congress. The minutes of the latter do
not show any session at Haddonfield, al-
though some State papers of 1778 are dated
at the town. Captain James B. Cooper, a
contemporary witness, who was not likely to
'J
be ignorant of aTiy incident of the Kcvohi-
tion occurring in that neighborhood, was
exceedingly skeptical regarding the assi'rtion
so confidently made by the writers of the
" Collections," l)ut had a perfect recollection
of tlie brief session of the Provincial Congress
at Haddonfield.
A body, however, which did sit at Had-
donfield, and there [lerformed some of its
functions of the first importance in strength-
ening the hands of the patriot government in
New Jersey, was the Council of Safety of
1777. It met in the old tavern-house now
occu[)ieil by George W. Stillwell, as a tem-
perance hotel, convening for its first session
on Man'h IStli. The members, who were
appointed by the Legislature, were .John
Cleves Symmes, William Patterson, Na-
thaniel Scudder, Theophilus Elmer, Silas
Condict, John Hart, John Mehelm, Samuel
Dick, John Combe, Calel) Camp, Edmund
^\'etherby and John Manning. These men
\\\'re selected carefully for the discharge of
the arduous and delicate duties imposed upon
them. Entrusted specially with power to
arrest, try and punish persons suspected of
Toryism, their authoritj' was almost without
limit. The Council was tlu' ri'|)resentative
of the Ijegislature during the recesses of the
latter, and it was clothed also with judicial,
executive and (piasi-military functions. More-
over, it could appropriate such sums of money
from the State treasury as wei-e ni'e<led to
carry on its operations, and could also make
appointments of officers in the military con-
tingent of the State and issue commissions to
its appointees. A strong detail of Arnold's
men attended all its movements, and it was
entitled to call out the militia to enforce its
decrees. While it sat at Haddonfield it
kept two guard-houses' well filled with it.s
prisoners, and every patriot was in some
' One still stamls opposite to the place of tiieir ilelili-
erations, now occupied by Zebedee Tompkins, and I he
other was recently owned and occupied by Br. I. W.
Ileulings. — CZf'»f«('.? Rrvohitio-nary Reminiscences.
66
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
manner an amateur detective, who reported
to the Council his neighbors supposed to
entertain hostility to the cause of indepen-
dence.
Wielding such formidable weapons, the
Council was the terror of the American
friends of England. Governor Livingston
sat at its deliberations and usually presided.
There was the single appeal from the deci-
sions of a majority of the Councillors that an
accused person could enter bail and carry his
case to court ; but if he refused to give
security or take the oath of loyalty, he was
peremptorily imprisoned and held at their
pleasure. At their first meeting they disposed
of the cases of fourteen alleged Tories ; and it
was not uncommon for them to try from twenty
to thirty in a day. They sat at Haddonfield
on March 18th and 19th, then adjourning to
Bordentown, and the sutijoined extracts from
the minutes of the 19th are a fair sample of
their work and also their manner of execut-
ing it :
" The Board entered upon tlie examination of
the prisoners sent to Haddonfield some time since
by General Putnam. Abraham Briton, Jonathan
Forman and Robert Barns, having been examined,
took and subscribed the oaths of abjuration and
allegiance, as by law a]>iiointed, and were dis-
charged.
"Anthony Woodward, son ol William, having
been examined, being one of the people called
Quakers, took affirmations to the effect of the
oaths above mentioned, and entered into recog-
nizance with David Hurley, his surety, in £300
each, before Mr. Justice Symraes, for liis appear-
ance at the next Court of Oyer and Terminer, to
be field in the County of Monmouth, and in the
meantime to be of good behavior, and was there-
upon dismissed. Moses Ivins, being examined,
acknowledged that he had given bond to tlie late
convention in £500 conditional for his good be-
havior towards the State, and having entered into
recognizance with Abraliam Britt)n, his surety, in
E300 each to appear, etc., as in the case of .\n-
thony Woodward, was dismissed.
" Ordered, That the prisoners lately ordered to
be brought from Frederick Town in Maryland and
lodged in the gaol of the C'onnty of Raleni, be con-
ducted under guard to Bordentown, so as to be
there by Wednesday next, or as soon thereafter as
may be convenient ; and that Col. Dick be desired
to detach so many of the militia of his battalion
as may be necessary to carry this order into exe-
cution.
"An account of Capt. Elisha Walton for sub-
sisting a guard and six prisoners belonging to
Pennsylvania at and from Haddonfield to Phila-
delphia on the ISth and li>th instants, amounting
to £4 7.«. fid., was laid before the Board. Ordered
that the same be paid.'"
The Council opened its .second .session at
Haddonfield on May 10, 1777, and from
thence until Jiuie 9th met there nearly every
day, and such was the press of labor u])on it
that if frequently held two and .sometimes
three meetings daily. Its time was largely
taken up with the proceedings against John
Henchman, the owner of a very large and
valuable estate in the township, and the
descendant of the settler of the same name a
century previous. Henchman came under
suspicion as a Loyalist, and among the wif-
nes.ses against him in the preliminary pro-
ceedings were Capt. Samuel Hugg, Joseph
Hugg, Samuel Harrison, Capt. William
Harrison, William Noitou and John Estaugh
Hopkins. The grounds of the charges ap-
pear in the record of Capt. Hugg's testi-
mony, in which it is stated that he "can give
some account of the ,s-\id Hencliman's pro-
ducing his former commission under the
crown to some British officers at the Black
Horse as a pass and of his inviting .some
British offic»'rs to his sister's house at Mount
Holly."
The minutes of . I line oth eontiuiie the
ca.sc thus :
" .lohn llenehnian, I'^s.i., appear^ liefore the
l{oard pursuant to citation, and the charges against
him being read, he was permitted to offer any-
thing m his power by way of palliation, and after
being heard wiis ordered to witlidraw.
" The Council taking Mr. Henchman's case into
their consideration, and being of the opinion that
the cliarges against liim did not fully indicate a
malicious intention, but that the said charges did
THK WAK OF 'nil.; KKVOIJJTION.
ti7
lix liim uuder a strong suspit-ioii of disalli'ctiou to
I 111' United States.
" Agreed, therefore, tliat Mr. Hendiman be again
called into Conncil, and that the oath.s of abjura-
tion and allegiance be tendered to him according
to law.
'■ >[r. Henchman appeared accordingly, and the
.said oaths were tendered him in Council, which he
refused to take and subscribe, but was willing to be
bound with surety for his appearance at the next
Court of General Quarter Sessions ; and the said
John Henchman did accordingly enter into recog-
nizance with Jacob Clement in the sum of £300
each, before the Governor and Council of Safety
for his appearance at the next Court of General
Quarter Sessions of tlie peace of the County of
Gloucester, there to answer to such charges as shall
be exhibited against him on behalf of the State ;
and, in the meantime, be of the peace and of the
good behavior, and was thereupon dismissed."
Several other citizeii.s of (xloiieester were
uiiiler examiuatioii by the Council at thi.s
time. George Rapalje wa.s eonimitted on May
'21st, to jail, —
"For advisedly and willingly by speech, writing,
open deed and act, maintaining and defending the
authority, jurisdiction and power of the King of
Great Britain as heretofore claimed within this
State."
( )n May ."Ust, Richard Snowdou retused to
take the oath of allegiance or to give bail for
court aud wa.s placed in the sheriff's custody.
Hownumeroiis were tiie offencesof which men
might be accused was instanced in the case
of Thomas Woodward, a Friend, .son of
Anthony, for whom a warrant of arrest was
issued, ciiarging him " with maliciously and
advisedly saying and doing things encourag-
ing disaffection, and with maliciously and
advi.scdly spreading such false rumors con-
cerning the American forces and the forces
of the enemy as tend to alienate the affec-
tions of the people from the government aud
to terrify and discourage the good subjects of
this State, and to dispose tliem to favour the
pretensions of the enemies of this State."
After a short sitting at Morristown the
Council returned to Haddonfield on Septem-
ber r2th. Changes had been made iu the
pt'rmtuui, tlic members then being Silas
Condict, Win. Patterson, NatJKiniel Scudder,
Thomas Elmer, John Hart, Benjamin Man-
ning, Peter Tallmann, Joiui Mehelm, Caleb
( "amp, Jacob Drake, Jonathan Bowen, John
Combs, John Buck, \Vm. Peartree Smith,
Fred'k Frelingluiysen and Edward Plem-
ing. Little oi" importance was accomplished
at this session, (iloucester County having
been restored t(j comparative quiet, and the
most of the guard was sunt tct Burlington,
where the jail was over(;rowded with Tory
suspects. Thomas Hootoii, of Gloucester,
was arrestetl, but released upon swearing to
his loyalty, and John Carty was sent into the
enemy's lines, this being one of the methods
of getting rid of disaffected persons whom it
was not deemed politic to imprison. A sample
order of the kind was that issued regarding
Richard Wain, who was a land-holder in
Gloucester County, —
" October 7th. — Rioliard Wain (one of the peo-
jde called Quakers) being concerned before the
Board, and affirmations to the effect of the Oaths
of Abjuration and allegiance, being tendered to
him pursuant to law, he refused to take them, but
being willing to go with his family into the ene-
my's lines, and he appearing to the Board too dan-
gerous to remain iu the State, the Council agreed
that the said Richard Wain have leave to go witli
his family into tlie enemy's lines on Staten Island
in five days from the date hereof"
The exchange of [)risoners was another mat-
ter within the jurisdiction of the Council, aud
early in its proceedings it made the rule of
giving a soldier for a soldier, a civilian for a
civilian. Through this system numerous
Tories were handed over to the Britisli,
while valuable patriots whom the enemy had
incarcerated were reclaimed \(> the national
service. A reserve of prisoners was occa-
sionally held with a view to such a transfer,
and there are quite a number of cases like
that of Joseph King, who, being "too dan-
gerous a person to be suffered to beat large,"
was ordered " taken and kept in safe custody
in order to be exchanged."
68
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Quittiuo; Hadilonfiekl ou September 2Gth,
the Council fled to Princeton and then to
Pittstowu, to be safely out of the way of
British raiders. While at the latter place,
on October 18th, it appointed commissioners
to raise recruits and apprehend deserters,
those for Gloucester County being Joseph
Estell, William Price, Colonel Josiah Hil-
man and James Tallman, who were com-
manded to rendezvous at A\'oodbury. The
following minute appears of December Pith :
" Application was made to the Board for the
payment of money due to the militia in the county
of Gloucester, under the command of Colonel
Ellis.
" Agreed that Colonel Ellis be informed by letter
that the Legislature have directed the delegates
to obtain from Congress the sum of £120,000 for
discharging the debt due to the militia of this
State, and that the proportion of $16,000, when
obtained, will be paid into the hands of Thomas
Carpenter for the payment of the militia of
Glouc'ester and Salem."
The Hessian marauders were scouring
Southern New Jersey for better food than
King George's rations, and Colonel Ellis,
commandant of the Gloucester militia, was
authorized to remove any cattle, sheep and
hogs (excepting milch cows) from any places
where he thought them in danger of falling
into the enemy's hands to places of greater
security, and upon tlie owners refusing to do
so, after first giving notice to the owners, who
may take care of tliem at their expense.
This measure not proving extreme enough,
Colonel Ellis was directed to remove all the
horned cattle, sheep, hogs and all cows
wiiicli do not give milk from the vicinity of
the Jersey shore, in the counties of Burling-
ton, Gloucester and Salem, that may be
within the reach of the enemy's foraging
parties, except such as might be really neces-
sary for the inhabitants (the owners refusing
to do it on notice given to them for that
purpose), and that the general (Washington)
be informed that the powers lodged in the
Council of Safety are inadecjuate to the
requisition of having the forage removed,
and that it be recommended to him to exer-
cise his own authority in having it effected.
This stripping of the country of provender in
order that the enemy might not obtain it
speaks eloquently of the .straits to which this
section of the State was reduced.
These stern Councillors were obliged to be
no respectors of the sex. The wives and
daughters of Tories were as inimical to the
republic as their husbands and fathers, and
when the men had gone into the British
service the women left behind frequently be-
came adroit and successful spies upon the
movements of the patriots. Hence the
Council applied to them the extreme rigors
of the treason law and either sent them
after their male protectors into the British
lines, locked them up in jail or held them in
heavy bonds for their good behavior. Tho.se
to be sent into the enemy's camp were usually
assembled at Elizabeth, from whence it was
an easy task to transfer them under a flag of
truce to the headquarters on Staten Island.
While sitting at Trenton, on March 27,
1778, the Council had to deal with a .squad
of suspects who had been brought in from
Gloucester County, and passed the following
orders regarding them ;
" That William and Thomas .Tones be committed
to gaol for trial.
" That Jacob Shoulder, Jacob Mouse, Isaac
Zane and Samuel Hewling have five days to de-
termine whether they will enlist into the Conti-
nental service during the war or be committed for
their trial for going into the enemy's lines and
returning into this State contrary to law.
" That Jacob Jones, Gunrod Shoemaker, Wil-
liam Davenport, Thomas Smith and a negro man
belonging to John Cox be discharged, the former
four on taking the oath to government prescribed
by law.
" And that Daniel Murray and Blakey Hurltey,
suspected of being spies from the enemy, and also
for endeavoring to pass counterfeit money found
upon them, be sent to headquartei's."
On June otli, John Kirby, Benjamin
Allen, Urich W est and Jesse Sirrau, all of
THK WAR OF THE REVOLUTION.
69
(iloucester Couuty, were exumiued " for joiu-
iiig tlie enemy," but there were also lield in
reserve against them accusations of" mis-
prision of treason and of counterfeiting tlie
State currency, which later was a very com-
mon offence until the bills of credit which
<lid duty as a circulating medium became so
depreciated in value tliat the labors of tiic
counterfeiter were profitless. On August 4th,
the Council being then at Morristown, it com-
mitted to the Gloucester (Jounty jail Isaac
Lloyd, Samuel Lippiucott, Joseph Myers,
Lawrence Cox, David Carter, Jacob Justine,
A\'iiliam Kennack and Jesse Sirran, who
were believed to have given aid and comfort
to the enemy.
The final records of the Council are dated
at Princeton, October 8, 1778. Its member-
ship had then been increased to twenty. Mr.
Frelinghuysen and Mr. Combs had retired,
and Messrs. Cooper, Imlay, Linn, Craue,
Fennemore, Cook and Keasby had been
l)rought in. The last proceedings having
connection with Gloucester County affairs
were the passage of a resolution for the re-
payment to Councillor Camp of fourteen
pounds, "by him advanced to Isaac Coxe, ser-
geant of the guard at Haddonfield, in ]xut
pay for the said guard."
The ^YEST Jersey Co.viiMANDs. — Men-
tion has already been made of the formation
of the battalions commanded by Lord Stir-
ling and Colonel Maxwell. These were the
first organizations of the " Jersey Line."
Tlie privates were enlisted for one year, at
five dollars per month, and were allowed, in
place of bounty, "a felt hat, a pair of yarn
stockings and a pair of shoes," but were to
furnish their own arms. On January 8,
1776, the West Jersey (Maxwell's) battalion
was ordered to report to General Schuyler, at
Albany. Authority for the formation of a
third battalion, of which I^lias Dayton was
made colonel, was given by Congress Janu-
ary 10, 1776. All these commands were
reorganized under the act of the Continental
C'ongress of September 16, 1776. It pi"o-
vided for the enlistment of eighty-eight bat-
talions to serve during the war, and of these
the " New Jersey Line " consisted of four.
Twenty dollars was ofiered as a bounty to
each non-commissioned officer and private,
and bouut_y lands at the close of the war to
each officer and man, or to his heirs in case
of his death, as follows : Five hundred acres
to each colonel, four hundred and fifty acres
to each lieutenant-colonel, four hundred to
each major, three hundred to each captain,
two hundred to each lieutenant, one hundred
and fifty to each ensign, and to each private
and non-commissioned officer one hundred.
The men in the ranks were to be furnished
with an outfit annually, that for the first
year to be two linen hunting-shirts, two pair
of overalls, a leathern or woolen waistcoat
with sleeves, one pair of breeches, a hat or
leathern cap, two shirts, two pair of hose and
two pair of shoes. They could commute
these things into money at a valuation
of twenty dollars, if they chose t(» equip
themselves.
The reorganization and re-enlistment of
the First Battalion, Colonel Silas Newcomb,
was completed in December, 1776 ; the Sec-
ond, Colonel Israel Shreve (of Gloucester),
Fel)ruary, 1777 ; the P'ourth, Colonel Eph-
raim Martin, during tlie same month ; and
the Third, Colonel Elias Dayton, in April
of that year. Colonel Maxwell was j)romoted
to brigadier-general in October, 1776, and
assigned to the command of these battalions,
which, as " Maxwell's Brigade," won laurels
on many a bloody field. In the May follow-
ing they were placed in (General Stephens'
division and encamped at Elizabethtown,
Bound Brook and Spanktown (Rahway).
Stephens, in the summer of 1777, marched
through Pennsylvania and Delaware, and a
small portion of the " New Jersey Line "
opened the battle of Brandywine on the
morning of September 11th. They contin-
ued actively engaged through the fight and
70
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
afterwards skirmished with the enemy before
i-eaching their faiup at Germantowu, where,
in the battle of October 4th, they formed the
left wing and reserve of Washington's army.
They were conspicuous for their gallantry in
this action, and Newcomb's battalion was an
especially heavy loser of officers and men.
The Jersey men passed the winter of 1777-
78 with the remainder of the ai tny in gloom
and suffering at A'alley Forge. When the
British evacuated Philadelphia, in June,
1778, Maxwell's brigade constituted the
maiu portion of the column placed under
the command of Lafayette to hang ujion
General Clinton's flanks and rear, with the
object of striking him a blow whenever the
opportunity permitted. They were highly
successful in making the enemv suifer
severely on the march through Jersey. On
June 28th the Line, as well as the militia,
which was under the command of Major-
Geueral Philemon Dickinson, took part in
the battle of Monmouth. Most of the win-
ter of 1778-79 was spent by the brigade at
Elizabethtown, but a detachment of Shreve's
Gloucester troops was encamped at Newark.
In May, 1779, the whole Ijrigade took part
in General Sullivan's expedition, which
marched up the Suscjuehanna Valley and in-
flicted punishment on the Seneca Indians^
returning to New Jei'sey in October.
Another reorganization was carried into
eti:ect in compliance with the acts of Congress
of May 27, 1778, and March 9, 1779. The
battalions of the Line, reduced in numbers
by losses in battle and the other calamities
of war, were consolidated into three, and a
bounty of two hundred dollars each was
offered for three liundred and sixty-flve vol-
unteers. Sixteen hundi'ed and twenty more
were called for on February 9, 1780, the in-
ducemeut to enlist was increased to one
thousand ilollars, and recruiting officers, or
" Muster Masters," were appointed, Colonel
Joseph Ellis filling the office in Gloucestei-
County. In Juue^ 1781, another draft was
made, and .bdin Davis undertook to fill
Gloucester's (juota of fifty-one men. The
bounty paid under this requisition was twelve
pounds in gold or silver to each man, and
the three colonels— Matthias Ogden, Isaac
Shreve and Elias Dayton — succeeiled in filling
out their regiments to six companies each.
Maxwell continued in command of the
brigade until his i-esignation, in July, 1780,
when he was succeeded by the senior colonel,
Dayton, who served until the close of the
war. In September, 1781, the three regi-
ments were ordered to A^irginia, where they
participated in the Yorktown campaign and
were present at the surrender of Lord Coru-
wallis. The news of the cessation of hostili-
ties was announced in the camp of the
brigade April 19, 1783, and the Jersey Line
was mustered out on the succeeding 3d of
November.
Sta'J'E Tr(jops.— Besides tlie troops who
served continuously in the regular army.
New Jersey iuid occasion at \'arious times
during the war to call out volunteers from
the militia for protection against the incur-
sions of the British and the raids of Royalists
and Indians. These commands were held
subject to duty in this and adjoining States,
and were known as " New Jersey I^evies,"
" Five Months' Levies," or more generally
as " State Troops." The artillery companies
of Frelinghuysen and Hugg, already alluded
to, the earliest of these organizations, were
created under the act of the Provincial Con-
gress of February 13, 177(j. November 27,
1776, the first act was passed for the organi-
zation of the infantry branch of the State
troops, and four battalions of eight com-
panies each were raised by voluntary enlist-
ment. One battalion was recruited in the
counties of Gloucester, Salem and Cumber-
land, three companies coming from the former
county. Of this battalion, David Potter
was apiHiintcd colonel, Whitton Cripps
lieutenant-colonel, and Anthony Sharp major.
Capt. Simon Lucas commanded another
THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTION.
71
Gloucester compauy, which vvat< formed
under tlie call of December '29, 1781, for
four hundred and twenty-two men to serve
until December lo, 1782. Calls were also
made on June 7 and 14, 1780, for four
iiundred and twenty men to serve until
January 1, 1782.
Militia. — The militia were the first
troops organized in New Jersey in the Revo-
lution, the Provincial Congress, on June 3,
I 775, providing "a plan for regulating the
militia of the colony," because of " the I'ruel
and arbitrary measures adopted and pur-
sued by the British Parliament and present
ministry for the purpose ol' subjugating the
American colonies to the most abject servi-
tude." By the elaboration of this plan in
August, Gloucester was required to raise
three battalions. On June 3, 1776^ the
Continental Congress called for thirteen
thousand eight hundred militia to reinforce
the army at New York. The quota fur
\ew Jersey was three thousand three hun-
dred, of which Gloucester furnished two
companies. On July 16th Congress re-
quested the convention of New Jersey to
supply with militia the places of tw(i thou-
sand of Washington's troops tliat had been
ordered into New Jersey to form the Flying
Camp. Of the thirty companies of sixty-four
men each sent under this call, Gloucester
juovided tliree, which, with one from Cum-
berland and three from liurlington, were
combined in a battalion under Colonel Charles
Head, Tjieutenant-Colonel Josiah Killman,
^lajor William Ellis and Surgeon Bodo
Otto, Jr. August 11, I77i;, liie militia was
divided into brigades, one to bo detached for
immediate service and relieved by the other
at the expiration of thirty days. On tliis
bifiis of monthly classes, in active service
alternate months, these troops were held
during the war. On January 8, 1781 , the
organization was enlarged to three brigades.
" The good .service performed by the militia
of New Jersey is fully recorded in history.
At the fights at Oi'hiliinV F.ridge, Hancock's
i'lridge. Three Rivers, ( 'onniicticut I'^arms
and \'an Neste's IVfills they bore an active
|iart; while at the battles of Long Island,
Trenton, Assanpiiik, I'rincetou, (lermantown,
Springfield and ^NIouTnouth they performed
efficient services in supporting the Continen-
tal Line." '
The subjoined list e\Iiil)its the field and
staff officers of the niiiilia of Old Gloucester
C\iuiity.
Tiie following is a li.st of those from
(ilciucester County who served either in the
Continental army, State troops oi- militia
during the Revolutionary War :"
Byli/dilier-Genffal.
.loseph Ellis.
( 'rilotuli'.
Rodo Ottn. Israel Slireve.
Richard Somers.
lAruteiiant-(hl<>neh.
Robert Brown. Samuel Shreve.
Klijah Clark. Samuel Tonkin.
J/«/./,-.v.
William Ellis. (icorge Payne.
Samuel Hannigau. Jeremiah Smith.
Rich'd Westcott.
/\i.i//iiiisfer.i.
Thomas ('ari)enter. .lohn lyittlc.
Surgeon .
Thomas Heudry.
.luiin Baker. .I.ames Holmes.
■Andrew Barnes. .John Inskip.
.lacob Browning. Simon Lucas.
Richard Cheesem.an. Archibald M.affit.
.loseph Covenovcr. William Matht.
•Tohn Cozens. .lohn Patten.
John Davis. David Paul.
Douglas. George Pierce.
.loseph Elwell. William Price.
Siiwtel Elwell. I teorge Purvis,
.loseph Estell. Christopher Rajie.
Eelix Fisher. Henry Shute.
.Tohn Hampton. William Smith.
William Harrison. — . Robert Snell.
Richard Higher. Samuel Sncll.
' "Officers and Men of New Jersey in the Hevolii-
tionary War," by General W. S. Stryker.
-Oumpiled from Strylier's Official Register.
72
HISTOKY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
James Somers.
John Someis.
Zephania Steelman.
John Stokes.
Richard Stonebanks.
James ToUnian.
Joseph Thorne.
William Watson.
David Weatherby.
John Wood.
Lieufenanfs.
David Baker. Joseph McCullough.
John Carter. John Parsons.
John Chatham. Ward Pierce.
Enoch Leeds. Benjamin Weatherly.
First Lieutenants.
Joseph Ingersoll. Alexander Mitchell.
Edward Ireland. Nehemiah Morse.
Jeremiah Leeds. Samuel S|)ringer.
Samuel Matlack. Arthur Westcott.
Srrond I.ieiitinant.
Aaron Chew.
Peter Covenhoven
Jacob Endicott.
William Finch.
John Lucas.
John Adams.
Joseph Avis.
Elijah Barret.
Japhet Clark.
John Dilkes.
Ebenezer Extell,
Daniel Frazer.
Samuel McFarland.
Abraham Parsons.
Jeremiah Risley.
Henry Rowe.
John Scull.
Elijah Townsend.
Ensigns.
Daniel Hooper.
Benjamin Inskeep.
Cornelius McCollum.
Joseph Morrell.
Nathaniel Sipple.
David Stillwell.
John Tilton.
Serf/eant.'t.
Abraham Benuet. John Reed.
William Campbell. Richard Sayers.
Patrick McCollum. Jacob Spencer.
James Tomblin.
CorjjuraL
Leonard Fisler.
Wagoner.
Philip Dare.
Privates.
Jeptha Abbot. . Jesse Adams.
.Tohn Abel. Jonas Adams
Daniel Ackley. Jonathan Adams.
Hezekiah Ackley. Richard Adams.
James Ackley. Thomas Adams.
John Ackley. William Adams.
Silas Ackley. Abram Aim.
James Adair. .\brahani Albertson.
Andrew Adams. Albert Alberson.
David Adams. Isaac Albertson.
Elijah Adams. Jacob Albertson, Jr.
Jeremiah Adams. Jacob Albertson, Sr.
George Allen.
Joseph Allen.
William Allen.
Thomas Alleor.
Jacob AUset.
Henry Anderson.
Isaac Armstrong.
Gibson Ashcroft.
.lames Ashcroft.
Jacob Assit.
Conuter Athert(}n.
Abijah Ayers.
James Ayers.
Moses Ayers.
John Baley.
Jonathan Baley.
Joseph Baley.
Benjamin Balken.
Jonathan Barton.
William Bates.
Thomas Beavin.
Jonathan Beesley.
James Belange.
Nicholas Belange.
Samuel Belange.
Robert Bell.
William Bell.
Jonathan Benly.
Alexander Bennct.
John Bennet.
Jonathan Bennet.
John Berry.
Patrick Brady.
George Bright.
Asa Brown.
Matthew Brown.
(ieorge Browne.
Thomas Bryant.
Elijah Buck.
Josiah Budd.
John Budey.
James Bulangey.
Jo.shua Bulangey.
Robin Bunton.
Benjamin Bachon.
Abel Bacon.
Frederick Baker.
James Baley.
Haned Bardin
Richard Barker.
Benjamin Bispham.
Andrew Blackman.
David Blackman.
John Blackman.
Nehemiah Blackman.
.Tames Bleakman.
James Boggs.
William Boice.
Jonathan Borton.
Edward Bowen.
Josiah Bowen.
David Bowyer.
John Bradford.
David Brower.
John Bryant.
Joseph Burch.
Elijah Burk.
Moses Burnet.
Samuel Burton.
William Bushing.
Moses Butterworth.
Aaron F. Cade.
John Cain.
Samuel Cain.
Ezekiel Camp.
James Camp.
David Campbell.
AVilliam Campbell.
William Campen.
John Cann.
George Caranna.
Jacob Carpenter.
( ieorge Carter.
James Caruthers.
John Casey.
Benjamin Casker.
Tobias Casperson.
William Cattell.
George Cavener.
Thomas Chamberlain.
John Chattan.
Thomas Cheesman.
John Chester.
Robert Chew.
Adrial Clark.
David Clark.
John Clark.
Joseph Clark.
Parker Clark.
Richard Clemens.
David Clement.
William Clifton.
Jacob Clough.
John Cobb.
Thomas Cobb.
William Cobb.
Joseph Conklin.
Bryant Conelly.
David Conover.
Jesse Conover.
THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTION.
73
Patterson Cook.
Silas Cook.
William Cordry.
Abel CorsoQ.
Simon Coshier.
Benjamin Cosier.
Simon Cosier.
James Coults.
Isaac Course.
William Course.
Joseph Covenhoven.
Andrew Cos.
Jacob Cox.
John Cozens.
Samuel Crager.
Levi Crandell.
William Cranmore.
Cornelius Cullom.
John Camp.
Joseph Camp, Sr.
Joseph Camp, Jr.
Archibald Campbell.
Simeon Casker.
Daniel Cham|)ion.
John Champion.
Thomas Champion.
Benjamin Clark.
Reuben Clark.
Thomas Clark.
George Clifton.
Micajah Conover.
Peter Conover.
Peter B. Conover.
.Fohn Cook.
John Corson.
John Coshier.
Isaac Covenhoven.
John Covenhoven.
Cain Dair.
John Dair.
Samuel Dallas.
John Danelson.
Kidd Daniels.
Joel Daven.
Andrew Davis.
Cain Davis.
Curtis Davis.
Charles Day.
Samuel Day.
Thomas Day.
Klias Deal.'
.lames Deal.
Samuel Deal,
.lames Deckley.
Edward Deifel.
10
John Delfer.
Samuel Denick.
Samuel Denick, .Ir.
Gideon Denny.
Jonas Denny.
Thomas Denny.
Andrew Derrickson.
John Dickinson.
Samuel Dilkes.
Frampton Dill.
John Dolbier.
Samuel Dollis.
John Doram.
Silas Dorcar.
Abner Doughty,
Absalom Doughty.
.Tonathan Doughty.
Josiah Doughty.
.Tohn Drummond.
Edward Duftcl.
Samuel Dulaney.
Thomas Dunaway.
William Daniels.
Earl Davis.
Richard Davis.
John Deal.
David Dennis.
Matthew Dennis.
William Dickin.son.
Jesse Dormant.
Edward Dougherty.
Abel Doughty.
Abige Doughty.
Thomas Doughty.
Edward Do wan.
.Tohn Dower.
Benjamin DrunuiHind.
James Dunlap.
Joseph East.all.
John Edwards.
Joseph Edwards.
William Elbridge.
Jeremiah Elway.
Joseph English.
Joseph Ervin.
J(din Evans.
Abner Ewing.
Abraham ICwing.
Mis. English.
Thomas English.
Daniel Falker.
John Farrell.
Abraham Farrow.
John Farrow.
Mark Farrow.
George Feathers.
Peter Fell.
William Fell.
Abraham Fenimore.
Daniel Fenimore.
Xathan Ferlew.
James Ferril.
,Tacob Fetter.
Thomas Field,
■lacob Fisher.
Jacob Fisler.
George Fithian.
William Fithian.
William Fletcher.
Uriah Forbes.
William Ford.
William Fort.
George Fowler.
Isaac Fowler.
Andrew Frambis.
John Franklin.
Daniel Frazier.
Samuel French.
Daniel Furman.
William Furman.
John Fisler.
Nicholas Frambis.
William Fry.
Ebenezer Grinton.
Calvin Gamble.
Edward Gandy.
Elias Gandy.
John (Tandy.
James Gant.
Robert Garret.
(Cornelius Garri.son.
Elijah Garrison.
Reuben Garrison.
Samuel Garwood.
Rossel Gee.
William Gentry.
James Gibeson.
Job Gibeson.
John (ribeson.
Daniel Giflen.
James Gillingham.
Reese Given, Sr.
Reese Given, Jr.
William Given.
Richard Graham.
William Graham.
Joshua Greaves,
.lames Gromley.
Benjamin Guild.
Jacob Garratson.
.lereraiah Garratson.
Joseph Garratson.
Lemuel Garratson.
Benjamin Gifford.
James (xitFord.
John Giftbrd.
Timothy Gifford.
John Gotr.
Francis Gonuel.
James Gormley.
William Hackett.
Joseph Haines.
William Hainey.
.Tames Hamilton.
.Tohn Hamilton,
.Tohn Hancock.
Abram Harcourt.
Abel Harker.
David Harker.
Nathaniel Harker.
Mose.s Harris.
Reulien Harris.
William Harris. ,
(xeorge Hawkins.
David Hays.
Peter Hedd.
David Heind.
Leonard Helel.
Hance Helmes.
.Tohn Helmes.
Robert Hem[)hill.
.Tacob Henns.
George Henry.
Michael Hess.
John He.ssler.
William Hewes.
Benjamin Hewett.
Caleb Hewett.
Moses Hewett.
Samuel Hewett.
Thomas Hewett.
William Hewett.
Isaac Hickman,
.lames Hickman.
Edward Higbey.
Isaac Higbey.
Richard Higbey.
Uriah Hill.
Daniel Hillman.
S.'imuel Hillman.
Samuel A. Hillman.
Jlichael Hiss.
John Hitman.
Benjamin HnfI'man.
Jacob Hollinan.
74
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Thomas Hollingsworth.
Andrew Homan.
Daniel Homan.
John Hukey.
John Hulings.
Thomas Humphrey.
David Hund.
Lewis Hund.
John Hurley.
Abraham Hutchinson.
Ezekiel Hutchinson.
Peter Hutsinger.
Thomas Hickman.
Absalom Higliey.
John Hillnian.
Seth Hillman.
David Homan.
John Hugg.
Andrew Hurst.
Jacob Idle.
George Ihnetler.
Daniel Ingalson.
Isaac Ingalson.
Benjamin Ingersoll.
Ebenezer Ingersoll.
John Ingersoll.
Josei)h Ingersoll, .Tr.
Amos Irelan.
Thomas Irelan.
Thomas Ireland.
John Ireland.
Thomas Ireland.
David Irelan.
Edmond Irelan.
George Irelan.
Japhet Irelan.
Jonathan Irelan.
Joseph Irelan.
Reuben Irelan.
James Jeffries.
John Jeffries.
Jonathan Jerry.
Samuel Jess.
Isaac Johnson.
Joseph Johnson.
Lawrence Johnson.
Lewis .lohnson
Nathaniel Johnson.
Richard Johnson.
Isaac Johnston.
Abraham Jones.
Alirani Jones.
Daniel .loncs.
Hugh Jones.
Jonas Jones.
Lawrence Jones.
Samuel Jones.
Michael Johnson.
William Johnston.
Isaac Jones.
John Kaighn.
Reuben Keen.
Thomas Kehela.
David Keilson.
Patrick Kelly.
Uriah Kelly.
William Kelly.
James Kendle.
John Kerrey.
John Kesler.
Daniel Kidd.
Peter Kidd.
John Killey.
.loseph Kindle.
Andrew King.
Cornelius Lacy.
John Lafferty.
Andrew Lake.
Joseph Lake.
Nathan Lake.
William Lake.
.Tames Land.
Nathan Leah.
Nathaniel Leake.
William Leake.
Godfrey Leaman.
David Lee.
Joseph Lee.
Walter Lee.
Daniel Leeds.
Felix Leeds.
.Tames Leeds.
William Leeds.
Azariah Leonard.
Francis Lewis.
Jeremiah Lewis.
John Linwood.
Daniel Lippencott.
John Lippencott.
John Little.
John Little, Sr.
John Little, Jr.
Cornelius Locy.
John Lodge.
Ansey Long.
Moses Long.
Silas Long.
Asa Lonl.
John Lord.
Jonathan Lord.
Richard Lown.
Israel Luck.
Daniel Lake.
Mack Lamor.
George I^and.
Nehemiah I>eeds.
Thomas Leeds.
.John Lock.
.Jonathan Lock.
Abram I>oper.
Abram Manary.
David Mancy.
Benjamin Mauley.
Edmund Mapes.
Andrew Mason.
David Mason.
Benjamin Massey.
Joseph Masters.
David Mattacks.
Jesse Mattacks.
Michael McCleary.
John McCoUum.
Abraham McCullock.
.Tames McFadden.
John McFadden.
Samuel McFarland.
Daniel McGee.
George McGonigal.
Charles McHenry.
William McKay.
William Mclvimmy.
Hector McNeil.
George Meare.
Charles Meyers.
Benjamin Miller.
Samuel Miller.
Stephen Miller.
Samuel Mintear.
George ]\Iires.
John Mitchell.
Andrew Moore.
Daniel Moore.
Thomas Morris.
Jonas Morse.
Nichola.s Morse.
George IMoses.
Sharon Moslander.
Ezekiel MuUord.
Furman Multord.
Jonathan JIulford.
Samuel Mulford.
DaveMuney (Murrey).
John Munnion.
William Murjihy.
John Musbrook.
George Marical.
Joseph Marshall.
William Marshall.
Andrew Mart.
John McClaisuer.
Adam McConnell.
Joshua Morse.
John Mullaky.
Thomas Neaves.
Davis Nelson,
(rabriel Nelson.
James Nelson.
.Joseph Nelson.
Nehemiah Nelson.
Richard Newgen.
.T(din Newman.
Reuben Newman.
Silas Newton.
Cornelius Nichols.
Thomas Nich(ds.
Wilson Nickles.
John Nickleson.
David Nielson.
Davis Nielson.
Gabriel Nielson.
Benjamin Nile.
Renjamiii Norcross.
James Norcross.
Joseph Norcross.
Caleb Norton.
Jonathan Norton.
Thomas Nukler.
Wilson Nuckless.
Jacob Nichols.
James Norton.
John Orr (or Ord).
Daniel Osborn.
David Padgett.
Thomas Padgett.
Joseph Parker, Sr.
Samuel Parker, Sr.
Daniel Parkes.
•losejih Parkes.
Noah Parkes.
Paul Parkes.
.lohn Patterson (1st),
.lohn Patterson (2d).
Jos.'ph Paul.
Robert Pawpe.
Samuel Peckin.
Stephen Peirson.
.lames Penton.
.loaeph Penyard.
Samuel Penyard.
Samuel Perkins.
THE WAR OF THK HKVOLdTlON.
75
Daniel Perry.
John Perry.
Joseph Perry.
Mo-ses Perry.
Philip Peters.
Abram Peterson.
David Peterson.
Jacob Peterson.
Samuel Peterson.
Th(jnuis Peterson.
Joseph Pett.
George Pierce.
Joseph Piatt.
Samuel Piatt.
Thomas Poarch.
Lawrence Pouleson.
John Powell.
Richard Powell.
Jacob Price.
Levi Price.
Thompson Price.
William Pridmore.
William Prigmore.
Joseph Parker, Jr.
Samuel Parker, Jr.
John Parry.
Israel Parshall.
l)avid Pierson.
Ward Pierce.
Richard Price.
Thomas Price.
William Quicksel.
John Rain.
Junathiiu Reed.
William Reed.
John Reeves.
Joshua Reeves.
Thomas Reeves.
Thomas Rennard.
Samuel Reynolds.
Michael Riie.
Joseph Rich.
Richard Richerson.
Richard Richman.
Daniel Richmond.
Jacob Riley.
Patrick Riley.
Ann Risley.
David Risley.
Joseph Risley.
John Robbins.
James Roberts.
Joseph Roberts.
George Robertson.
Caleb Robeson.
Jeremiah Robeson.
Joseph Robeson.
Thomas Robeson,
.fcremiah Robinson.
William Rockliill.
Andrew Ross.
Stephen Ross.
Enoch Rudnown.
Enoch Rudrow.
Obadiah Reed.
Morris Risley.
Nathaniel Risley.
Samuel Risley.
Thomas Risley.
Isaac Robertson.
John Rossell.
John Salmon.
Johu Salsbury.
Joseph Sawings.
David Sayers.
Thomas Scott.
Abel Scull.
David Scull.
Joseph Scull.
Peter Scull.
David Sealey.
Jacob Seddons.
Benjamin Seeds.
John Seeley.
David Seers.
William Seller.
John Selvy.
William Senker.
John Shane.
Henry Sharj).
Reuben Shaw.
Richard Shaw.
David Sheeti;
Lawrence Slu'pherd.
Nathaniel Shepherd.
Owen Shepherd.
Frederick Sliinfclt.
Edward Shroppear.
John Shuley.
Samuel Shule.
Henry Sight,
John Sill.
John Silvey.
(leorge Simpkins.
James Simpkins. —
Jesse Siner.
William Sinker.
David Skeotr.
Johu Slawter.
Philip Slide.
James Smallwood.
John Smallwood.
Elias Smith.
Elijah Smith, .Ir.
Felix Smith.
Henry Smith.
Isaac Smith.
James Smith.
Jesse Smith.
John Smith.
Joseph Smith.
Joshua Smith.
Micha Smith.
Nathan Smith.
Noah Smith.
Thomas Smith.
William Smith (1st).
William Smith (2d).
Zenos Smith.
Daniel Snellbaker.
Philip Snellbaker.
George Snelbacker.
David Snell.
Robert Snelly.
Joseph Soey.
Nicholas Soey.
Samuel Soey.
David Sommers.
Enoch Sommers.
Isaac Sommers.
John Somers.
Richard Sommers.
Thomas Sommers.
Joseph Sparks.
Robert Sparks.
Thomas Springer.
Jeremiah Springer.
John Sprong.
John Starkey.
John Spire.
Richard Stedman.
Andrew Steelman.
Daniel Steelman.
David Steelman.
Kbenezer Steelman.
Frederick Steelman.
George Steelman,
James Steelman, Sr.
James Steelman.
John Steelman.
Jonas Steelman.
Jonathan Steelman, Jr.
Jonathan Steelman, Sr.
Richard Steelman.
David Stephens.
Ezekiel Steward.
.rosc]ili Steward.
Alexander Stewart.
Joel Stewart.
Jcdin Stewart, Sr.
.Tohii Stewart, .Ir.
Stephen Stewart.
Ebenezer Stebbins.
David Stilwell.
Samuel Stoddard.
Thomas Stonebauk.
.loel Stord.
Thomas Stothem.
Samuel Strickland.
John Strumble.
Gideon Stull.
.lames Summers.
John Stut}nan.
Abraham Swaim,
Judeth Swain.
Jesse Swan.
Isaac Swandler.
Valentine Sweeny.
Timothy Swiney.
Valentine Swing.
Isaac Taylor.
Robert Taylor.
William Tenneut.
Isaac Terrepin.
Uriah Terrepin.
Jonathan Terry.
James Thomas.
John Thackry.
John Thomas.
Richard Thomas.
William Thomson.
Oliver Thorp.
John Tice.
Daniel Tilton.
Peter Till,
.losepli Tillon.
Jacob Timberman.
Elijah Toinlin.
Jacob Tomlin.
Jonathan Tomlin.
William Tomlin.
Lewis Ton.son.
Redack Tourain.
.lohn Towne.
.lames Townsend.
Daniel Townsend.
John Townsend.
Reddick Townsend.
Daniel Trumey.
John Vanncmon.
76
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
David Vernon.
George Waggoner.
John Walker.
George Wall.
John Wallace.
John Wallis.
Benjamin Weatherby.
David Weatherliy.
(ieorge Weatlierby.
John Weeks.
Zephaniah Weeks.
Seth Weldon.
Thomas Weldron.
Jacob Wence.
Peter Wells.
Israel West.
Uriah West.
Porter Wheatou.
Robert Wheaton.
Silas Wheaton.
Uriah Wheaton.
Samuel Whitacre.
Jennings White.
John White.
John Whitlock.
John Wild.
Daniel Wiles.
James Wiley.
David Williams.
Edward Williams.
George Williams.
William Williams.
John Williams.
David Williamson.
John Wilsey.
Elijah Wilson.
William Wilson.
Samuel Woodrutt'.
John Woolson.
Samuel Worrick.
John Wright.
Hance Young.
Uriah Young.
Jacob Zimmerman.
Lieutenant Eichard Somers at Trip-
oli. — In the war in which the United
States engaged next after achieving their
independence, that against the Barbary State.s
on tiie African coast of the Mediterranean
Sea, to punish and .suppress their piracy,
Lieutenant Richard Somers wtin a fame
whicli will last as long as the memory of
gallant deeds endures. He was the son of
Colonel Richard Somers, of the army of" the
Revolution, was horn in Egg Harbor, and
became an officer in the American army in
1796. In the squadron which Commodore
Preble took to fight the Moors in 1803 he
commanded the schooner " Nautilus." ^\'hen
the enemy ciipturcd the " Philadelphia," in
1804, Somers conceived the project of send-
ing into the inner harbor of Tripoli the little
gunboat or ketch " Inlrepid " as a fire-ship
and infernal machine. She was loaded and
her decks covered with powder, boud)s,
grape-shot, rockets and various missiles, the
expectation being to so explode her amidst
the Moorish ficet and close to the fortifica-
tions that she might inflict the greatest
damage on both, po.s.sibly destroy the " Phila-
delphia," and cause the release of her crew
and other Americans slowly perishing in
the prisons of Tripoli. Somers volunteered
for the command of this desperate expedi-
tion, and had with him four other volunteers
from the crew of the " Nautilus."
Fenimoi-e Cooper has tersely told the narra-
tive of that fateful night of Septeniljer 4,
1804,—
"Once assured of the temper of his companions,
Somers took leave of his officers, the boat's crew
doing the same, shaking hands and expressing
their feelings as if they felt assured of their fate in
advance. Each of the four men made his will
verbally, disposing of his eft'ects among his ship-
mates like those about to die. Several of Somers'
friends visited him on board the Intrepid be-
fore she got under way. Somers was grave and
entirely without any affectation of levity orindifl'er-
ence, but he maintained his usual quiet and tran-
quil manner. After some conversation he took a
ring fi-om his finger, and breaking it into three
pieces, gave each of his companions ' one, while
he retained the third himself.
" Two boats accompanied the Inti'epid to
bring ort' the party just after setting fire to the
train. About nine o'clock in the evening Lieu-
tenant Reed was the last to leave the Intrepid
for his own vessel. When he went over her side
all communication between the gallant spirits she
contained and the rest of the world ceased. The
ketch was seen to proceed cautiously into the
bay, but was soon obscured by the haze on the
water. At ten o'clock the enemy's batteries were
slowly firing upon her. At this moment Captain
Stewart and Lieutenant Carroll were standing in
the gangway of the Siren, one of the American
fleet, looking intently toward the place where the
ketch was known to be, when the latter exclaimed,
' Look ! see the light I ' At that instant a light
was seen passing and waving, as if a lantern were
carried by some person along a vessel's deck.
Then it sunk from view. Half a minute may
have elapsed, when the whole firmament was
lighted by a fiery glow, a burning mast with its
sails was seen in the air, the whole harbor was
momentarily illuminated, the awful explosion
came and a darkness like that of doom succeeded.
The whole was over in less than a minute, the
(lame, the quaking of towers, the reeling of ships,
and even the bursting of shells, of which most fell
in tlie water, though some lodged on the rocks.
'Stewart and Decatur, who were bidding him farewell.
TIIK WAR OF 1S12-14
The tiring ceased, and lioiii (hat iiistaiil Tiipiili
passed the night in a stillness as piofoiMid as that
in whicli the vietims of this explnsinn have lain
from that fatal hour to this."
Whetlier Somer.-^ I)ur])Osely l>le\v ii|) the
'' Intrepid " to preveut capture, wlii'tlier the
explosion was at-cideutal, or wlietiier it was
a hot shot from a Moorisli gun is a ([uestioii
that will never be answered, for he and his
four devoted shipmates perished in tlie
disaster.
C H A P T E R AM T T .
THF. WAR (IK ]<Sr_'-1 1.
The prosperity of the United States after
the achievement of their independence was
interrupted by the war between England
and France, during the career of Napoleon
Bonaparte. Those nations declared each
other's ports to be in a state of blockade,
which closed them against American com-
merce. The British government demanded
the " right of search," to take from American
vessels, sailors, claimed to be of English birth,
and impress them into the English service.
The Atuerican people demanded " free trade
and sailors' rights," and the outrages perpe-
trated were so great that America insisted
upon a surrender of the British claim of
search. The government of the United
States refused to negotiate on the subject, and
an embargo was laid upon all ships in Amer-
ican ports.
In all, three thousand American sailors,
who were, or were claimed to be, of British
liirth, were impressed into the British navy;
and many hundreds of Irish emigrants on
their way to the United States were taken
from their ships, upon which they were sail-
ing on the high seas, and compelled to serve
on British decks as marines.
The crowning act was committed on June
'22, 1807, when the British frigate " Leopard,"
without warning, fired into the American
man-of-war " Che.sai)eake," disabled iier and
took from among her crew four men, on the
charge that they were <leserlers from a Brit-
ish ship. Congi-e.ss ])assed the Embargo and
Xon-Intercourse Acts, wiiich were retaliatory
measures designed to stop commerce between
the United States and Great Britain. 'IMie
Democrats, who favored a declaration of war,
elected Madison President, for whom New-
Jersey gave her electoral vote. The consj)ir-
acy of Governor Craig, of Gaiuula, and the
British ministry to induce thelS'ew England
States to secede from the Union, by aggra-
vating the discontent which they, the great
ship-owning and couimercial section of the
nation, felt because of the prostration of tiiat
interest, was revealed by John Henry, and
on June 4, 1812, war was declared by Con-
gress.
The prevailing sentiment in New Jersey
favored peace if it could be had with honor,
but it did not flinch from the crisis that Eng-
land precipitated. On January 9th, five
months before the declaration of war, Sam-
uel Pennington, of Essex County, introduced
in the House of Assembly a |)reamble and
resolutions, reciting the gi-ievances of the
country, and adding, —
"That in ease the government of the United
States shall eventually determine to resist by
force the lawless aggressions eommitted by the
British nation on the persons and property of our
citizens, this Legislature, in behalf of themselves
and the citizens of New Jersey, whose representa-
tives they are, pledge themselves to the nation to
render to the general government all the aid, as-
sistance and support in their power, and will, with
all readiness, perform all the duties required of
them in the prosecution of a war undertaken for
the common defence and general welfare."
On Novetnber 16th an order calling out
the militia was i.ssued, and among those who
tendered the services of their companies was
Captain Pi.ssant, of Woodbury. No other
organization is reported at that time as com-
ing from Gloucester County, but it seems
that manv Gloucester men were enrolled in
78
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
companies formed at Salem, and that they
were commanded hy Captains Tuft, William
Ray, Freas and Garrison.
Altogether New Jersey had about four
thousand men under arms during this war.
They were in service generally three months;
five hundred at Fort Richmond, on Staten
Island ; other detachments at Paulus Hook
and Mai'cus Hook, and still others along the
Delaware River. The State was not the
theatre of any military operations, but pre-
cautionary measures were taken in case the
British should attempt an invasion by way
of the Delaware, which was frequently
threatened by the presence of her fleets
along the coast. In 1814 a brigade of
militia, under command of General Eben-
ezer Elmer, was stationed at Billingsport,
from whence it observed the movements of a
small British schooner, which occasionally
came into the river. Forty or tifty of these
landsmen chartered another schooner, and,
putting themselves under the direction of a
dragoon officer, who had been a sailor, they
put off to attack the foe. Unluckily, the
water was so rough that all hands, except the
captain and a few others, were driven below
by sea-sickness ; but even thus disabled, he
gave chase to the British vessel, which
crowded on canvas and put out to sea,
though she could easily have captured her
pursuer.
In the latter part of 1813, as several small
coasters were sailing around Cape May from
the Delaware River, bound for Kgg Harbor,
they came in contact with a British armed
schooner lying off the Cape. She chased
and captured the sloop " New Jersey," from
Mays Landing, which was manned by the
master, Captain Burton, and two hands.
Having placed on board as prize-master a
young midshipman, with three men (two
p]nglishmen and an Irishman), she ordered
the sloop to follow her, and made chase for
the other vessels. As they neared Egg Har-
bor, the apj)roach of night compelled her to
desist from the chase, and she then put about
for tlie Cape. The sloop followed, but made
little headway, the midshipman in command
being an indifferent seaman, and he finally
ordered Burton to take the helm and head
for Cape May. Burton designedly held the
sloop off and on during the night, so that
when morning dawned they were off the
mouth of Great Egg Harbor. Burton pro-
fessed ignorance of his whereabouts, and the
puzzled British middy sent one man aloft as
a look-out, while he went below with another
to study the charts, leaving one of the prize-
crew on deck with the Americans. The lat-
ter made this man prisoner, secured the look-
out as he came down from the masthead,
locked the midshipman and his companion
in the cabin, and thus recaptured their vessel,
which they sailed to Somers Point, where
they turned their captives over to an Ameri-
can officer. The midshipman was exchanged,
the two Englishmen went to work in the
neighborhood and the Irishman enlisted in
the United States uavy.
The heroic CVptain James Lawrence, so
greatly distinguished in this war, though
born in Burlington, obtained much of his
education at the academy in \Voodbury, where
he studied navigation with Samuel Webster.'
For two years he read law with his brother
John, who was a leading practitioner at the
Gloucester bar, but left his office in 1798 to
accept a midshipman's commission in the
navv. Mickle, in his " Reminiscences of Old
(iloucester," relates that he was told by a
friend who met Lawrence at English's Ferry,
in Camden, at the opening of the war, that
the latter remarked with much warmth, in
alluding to the attack of the " Leopard " upon
the" Chesapeake : " "I shall never sleep sound
until that stain is washed from the ' Chesa-
peake's ' decks." Perhaps he had this deed
of vengeance in mind when he was promoted
■ Commodore Stephen Decatur was also a pupil at
this school, and during his academic terms in Wood-
bury resided with the West family, at the Buck Tavern.
THE WAR OF 1812-14.
79
to the command of the " (Chesapeake,'" and, on
June 1, 1813, accepted the challenge of Cap-
tain Broke, of the Briti.^li frigate " Shannon,"
to the combat off the Massachusetts coast,
(xoing into action with an unprepared shij>
and a raw crew, he suffered a terrible defeat
and lost his own life. As they bore him
down the hatchway, bleeding to death, he
gave, in feeble voice, his last heroic order- —
ever afterward the motto of the American
mau-o'-war's man — " Don'tgive up the ship."
On the previous 24th of February, while
commanding the " Hornet," he had captureil
the British sloop-of-war " T'ejicock " on the
South American coast, and had won the plau-
dits of the nation.
New Jersey Militia. — The army oi"
the United States previous to 1808 num-
bered only three thousand men, but the same
year the force was increased to six thousand.
In January, 1812, Congress had directed a
force of twenty-five thousand to be raised, so
that the entire number authorized by law
now exceeded thirty-five thousand, including
the officers, and consisted of twenty-five reg-
iments of infantry, three of artillery, two of
light artillery, two of dragoons and two rifle
regiments. In addition to this, the President
was authorized to accept the services of any
number of volunteers not exceeding fifty
thousand, who were to be armed and equipped
by the United States ; and a similar author-
ity was given to him to call upon the Uover-
nors of States for detachments of militia, the
whole of which was not to exceed one hun-
dred thousand.
Aaron Ogden, Governor of New Jersey,
issued his proclamation calling fi)r volunteers
to garrison fortifications and for coast defense.
In answer to this call, Gloucester County
responded with eleven full companies of
troops, of which one was independent, eight
were attached to Brigadier-General Ebenezer
Elmer's brigade of detailed militia and were
a.ssigned to Colonel Joshua Howell's ix'gi-
ment. They were .stationed at Billingsport,
Cape May and Fort Elizabeth. Fwo lull
companies — one of infantry and the other of
artillery — were a.ssigned to the defen.se of the
sea-coast from New York Harl)<)r to ( 'ape Mav,
and as occasion demanded, were d('tache<l to
protect any and all points along the sea-coast.
UXIl'ORMKll SOI.niEKS IN ISll'.
The territory embraced in Atlantic and
Cape May Counties, since taken from Glou-
cester, sent out its cjuota of volunteers who took
a prominent part in inland and coast protec-
tion, and asall the troops iicrein appended were
accredited to ( TJoucester County, it is impossible
to collect and assign the troops to the .several
counties, as upon the original rolls, now in
the office of the adjutant-general in Trenton
(and from which these list.s were copied"), each
and all the companies are mentioned only as
from Gloucester County.
The first full compaiiy to offer its servi<es
to (Governor Ogden was that of Captain .Inhn
Cade.
The name of Captain John Cade is yet
well remembered by many citizens of Glou-
cester, Camden and Atlantic Counties ; for
80
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
maiiv years he was court-crier and jail-keeper
at Woodbury and took a prominent part in
the military organizations of the county.
His son, Thomas Jefferson C'ade, "the
drummer-boy of Billingsport," was attached
to his company and at this date, 1886, is an
honored official in the clerk's office in Wood-
bury.
An Independent Co>rPANY of New
Jersey Militia. — Cajitain John Cade was
placed on duty at Billingsport and assigned
to Major William Potter's detachment. This
company was enrolled July 14, 1813, and
discharged Septeml)er •'!(), 1813. The fol-
lowing is its rank and file :
Captain.
John Cade.
Lieutenantit.
Zephaiii.ih Steelinau. Joseph Bright.
Sergediit^.
William Th(imi)snn. Jacob Featherer.
John M. Gibson. David Ewings.
Thomas Fulton.
Corpordh.
Samuel Avis. George Floyd.
James Milsom. Samuel J^eapcutl.
Driiiiinicr.
Thomas .lefferson Cade.
Fifer.
William Allen.
Privates.
James Andrews. William Helap.
Ware Askill. Jai-ob Dilks.
Nathaniel Ashmore. .Tose|>h Doty.
Jacob Adams. HcTiry Daniels.
John Alloway. James Dublc.
Joseph Atkinson. Jonathan Dougherty.
Zedekiah Barber. David Evan.s.
Abraham Bacon. John Epley.
George Burket. Nidiolas Elberson.
Joseph Bozortli, Jaiob Fo.x.
Luke Braning. John Firinemore.
George Bosier. William Finncmore.
Thomas Busier. Samuel Fagan.
Henry Crowell. Annias Gant.
-Isaac Crawford. .loseph Grolf.
William Cahala. William Grant.
James Crawford. Solomon Gaskcl.
Henry Craven. Scth Homaii.
James Cunningham. John Hoshin.
Joseph Cairl. ^\■iHiam Holmes, Jr.
Abraham Hewlings.
Daniel Holland.
Joseph Hilyard.
Amos Ireland.
Hezekiah Ireland.
William Jacobs.
James McNenney.
Robert Nelson.
Joseph Powell.
Joseph Paneoast.
Christopher Slim.
David Stibbins.
William Leonard, Jr. George Simkins.
David Lock. Joseph Shute.
Benjamin Lord. Samuel Saxton.
Abijah Learning. Samuel Simson.
Methusala Lupton. William Simson.
William Milson. James A. Tice.
James Milson, Jr. William Tice.
Thomas Milson. Ephraim Taylor.
Eber Ml Ilvain. Benjamin Taylor,
.lohn Jtiller. David Thomas,
.lames JIallet Jacob Thompkins.
John Morris. James Vennel.
Cyrus Middleton. Nicholas Vansant.
Eli Jhither. Venable Wallace.
Charles McGee. Aaron Wonderlin.
Total : Three commis.sioned officers, ninety-
one enlisted men.
Captain John K. Scull's Company
was organized April 14, 1S14. The officers
were commissioned May 6, 1S14 ; was called
a volunteer company of the First Battalion,
First Regiment, (Jloucester Brigade. The
troops were enrolled May 25, 1814, and were
discharged February 12, 1815. The fblk)W-
ing is the rank and file of thiscom[)any :
( 'iiplaiii.
John R. Scull.
First fAentennnt.
Ijawrence Scull.
Second Lieuteniint.
Levi Holbcrt.
Third l.it'uteiiant
Job Frambes.
En-ngn.
Samuel Risley.
First Sergeant.
David Frambes.
Strge<inte.
Zacliariah Dole. Samuel Lake.
Israel Scull. Richard I. Somcrs.
(hrpont/.'<.
.Idliii I'iuc. Isaac Robinson.
Thomas Reeves.
Drummer.
Robert Risley.
Fifir.
James >r. Gilford.
THE WAR OF 1«12-14.
81
James Adams.
Jeremiah Adams,
.lonas Adams.
Solomon Adams.
Jacob Albertsoii.
John Barber.
David E. Bartlett.
John Beaston.
Andrew Blackman.
Andrew B. Blacknii
Thomas Blackman.
Derestius Booy.
Joseph H. Booy.
James Burton.
Jesse Chamberlain.
Jesse Chambers.
Enoch Champion.
John Champion.
Joel Clayton.
John Clayton.
Absalom Cordery.
Samuel Delancy.
James Doughty.
Enoch Doughty.
John Doughty.
Daniel Edward.s.
Daniel English.
Hosea English.
Aaron Frambes.
Andrew Frambes.
Stephen Gauslin.
Andrew Godfrey.
Andrew Hickman.
Ebenezer Holbert.
Clement Ireland.
David Ireland.
Elijah Ireland.
Job Ireland.
Thomas Ireland.
Andrew Jeffers.
Daniel Jefters.
Evin Jefters.
Nicholas Jefters.
John Jefters.
William Jeffers.
Enoch Laird.
David Lee.
Jesse Marshall.
Daniel Mart.
John Mart.
Richard Morri.'*.
Privates.
David Price.
John Price, Sr.
John Price, Jr.
John Riggins.
Jeremiah Risley, Sr.
.leremiah Risley, Jr.
Nathaniel Risley.
Peter Risley.
Richard Risley.
n. .Tohu Robarts.
John Robinson.
Andrew Scull.
David Scull.
John S. Scull.
Joseph Scull.
Richard Scull.
Damon Somers.
Edmund Somers.
Isaac Somers.
James Somers.
John J. Somers.
John S. Somers.
Joseph Somers.
Mark Somers.
Nicholas Somers.
Samuel Somers.
Thomas Somers.
Abel Smith.
Enoch Smith.
Isaac Smith.
Jacob Smith.
Jesse Smith.
Zopbar Smith.
David Steelman.
Elijah Steelman.
Francis Steelman.
Frederick Steelman.
James Steelman.
Jesse Steelman.
Peter C. Steelman.
Reed Steelman.
Samuel Steelman.
Daniel Tilton.
.fames Townsend.
.Taphet Townsend.
.loel Vansant.
Joseph Wilkins.
Martin Wilsey.
.Tohn Winner.
.Joseph Winner.
Captain Robert Smith's Artillery
Company was enrolled May 1, 1814, and wa.'*
attached to the Second Battalion, Third Reg-
iment, Gloucester Brigade, and discharged
February 19, 1815. The following was the
raidc and file :
(hptaiii.
Robert Smith.
First Lieutenant.
Joseph Endicott.
Second Lieutenant.
John Endicott.
First Sergeant.
William Endicott.
Levi SmallwdOf
Joseph Kindle.
Daniel Kindle, Sr
Joseph Shores.
Ser<jeant,<.
Nehemiah Mor.se.
.Tames Smith.
Curiiorals.
Malcolm McCoUum.
Samuel McCoUum.
Joseph .Tohnson.
Total : Five commissioned officers, one
huTidrcd and twelve enlisted men.
11
Evy Adams.
John Adams.
Thomas Adams.
Joab Bates.
Joseph Bell.
William Bennett.
James Blackman.
John Bowen.
Joseph Bowen.
John Brewer.
Joshua Burnet.
George Clifton.
Absalom Conover.
Adam Conover.
Eliakim Conover.
James Conover.
Job Conover.
John Conover.
Josiah Conover.
Micajah Conover.
Peter Conover.
Somers Conover.
William Conover.
Daniel Cordery.
Edmund Cordery.
Sanuiel Delap.
Abner Doughty.
Drummers-
Reuben Mathis.
Fifer.
fyeed Risley.
rrinate.'!.
John Doughty.
Nathaniel Doughty.
Thomas Doughty.
Benjamin Endicott.
Jacob Endicott.
Nicholas Endicott.
Joseph Garwood.
James Giberson.
Jesse Giberson.
John Giberson.
Huston Grapevine.
Aaron Hewitt.
Absalom Higbee.
Edward Higbee.
Enoch Higbee.
Daniel Homan.
Eli Homan.
David Homan.
Mahlon Homan.
Isaac Horn.
Daniel Ireland.
Vincent Ireland.
William Johnson.
Daniel Kindle, Jr.
Thomas Kindle
Cornelius Leed.s.
.Tosse Leeds.
82
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEWJERSEY.
Reuben Leeds.
Beaiah Mathis.
Daniel McCollum.
Jesse McCollum.
John McCollum.
Samuel McCollum.
Joab Morse
Joshua Morse.
Thomas S- Murphy.
Daniel Newberry.
Solomon Newberry.
Jesse Parker.
Eli Risley.
John Risley.
Daniel Scull.
Gideon Scull.
James Scull.
Paul Scull.
Gideon
David Shores.
Samuel Smallwood.
Isaac Smith.
Jonathan Smith.
Noah Smith.
Joseph Somers.
Richard Somers.
William Somers.
Benjamin Sooy.
Nicholas Sooy.
Samuel Sooy.
Reed Steelman.
Eli Strickland.
John Strickland.
Samuel Strickland.
Aaron Thomas.
John Turner.
Vincent Weeks.
Wilklon.
Total : Three officers, one hundred and four
enlisted men.
General Elmer's Brigade. — The fol-
lowing is the roster of the field and staff of
Lieutenant-Colonel Howell's regiment, to
which the following-mentioned companies
were assigned. The roster of each of the
eight companies of Elmer's brigade are ap-
pended. They were copied from the original
rolls in theoffice of Adjutant-General Stryker,
at Trenton :
Lieutenant- ( 'oloni:!.
Joshua L. Howell, Sept. 7, '14, disch. Dec. 22, '14.
Majors.
Mahlon Davis, Sept. 7, '14, died Nov. 17, '14.
Samuel Seagraves, Sept. 26, '14, disch. Jan. 6, 'If).
Lieutenant and Adjutant.
Josiah Matlack, Sept. 23, '14, disch. Dec. 22, '14.
Lieutenants and Quartermasters.
Thomas R. Denny, Sept. 21,'14, disch. Sept. 29,'14.
Thomas Bradway, Sept. 30,'14, disch. Dec. 22, '14.
Pay-Master.
John Clement, Sept. 31, '14, disch. .Ian. (i, '13.
Surgeon.
Jeremiah J. Foster, Sept. 26, '14, disch. .Ian. 6,'15.
Surgeon's Mates.
Moses Bateman, Jr., Sept. 25, '14, died Nov. 7, '14.
Edmond Sheppard, Nov. 8, '14, disch. Jan. 6, '15.
Wagon Master.
James Miller, Nov. 27, '14, disch. Jan. 7, '15.
NOX-COMMI.SSIONED STAFF.
Sergeant- Maj or .
Evan C. Clement, Sept. 23, '14, disch. Dec. 22, '14.
Quartermaster-Sergeant .
Benjamin Nichols, Sept. 26, '14, disch. Jan. 6, '15.
Drum-Major.
Joseph Purfil, Jr., Sept. 26, '14, disch. Dec. 22,'14.
Fife-Major.
Clement R. Cory, Sept. 26, '14, disch. Dec. 22, '14.
Total, fifteen.
Captain Thomas Wescoat's Co.mpany
was enrolled September 21, 1814, discharged
January 4, IS15, was stationed at Billings-
port. The following was the rank and file
of the company :
Captain.
Thomas Wescoat.
Lieutenant.
Arthur Wescoat.
Ensign.
Solomon Adams.
Sergeants.
John Johnson. James Wiltse.
James Smith. John Hosking.
Corporals.
Simon Morgan. Edward Dans.
Samuel Pettitt. Daniel Veal.
Privates.
Robert Leeds.
George Adams.
Noah Adams.
Robert Ashcraft.
Elijah Barett.
Richard Barrett.
Edward Beebe.
Joseph Beebe.
William Bennet.
Daniel Berry.
David Campbell.
Nathaniel Carver.
William Clark.
Edmund Cordeary.
.lacob Cox.
Michael Garvette.
Daniel Giberson.
John Hickman.
Major Higbee.
Edward Hooper,
.lames Hughes.
George Irelon.
John Johnson, Jr.
.Tames Jones.
Charles Lord.
John Murphy.
John Peterson.
Jesse Platte.
George Poyier.
Samuel Read.
Daniel Rose.
Daniel Smith.
John I. Smith.
John Smith.
Steelman Smith.
Elijah Steelman.
Isaac Steelman.
John Stewart.
David Stibbins.
Eli Strickliii.
.■Abraham Toilor.
John Turner.
Daniel Vanneman.
David Veal.
James Wiley.
Booze Wilkins.
THE WAR OF 1812-14.
83
Total: Three commissioned officers, fifty-
five enlisted men.
Captain Richard W. Cheeseman's
Company of detailed militia was stationed
at Billingsport. It was enrolled September
22, 1814, and di.scharged December 1(5, 1814.
The following was the rank and file :
Captaitu
Richard W. Cheeseinan.
LieuUnant.
Jamea Bakley.
Ensign.
Jacob Conrow.
Sergeants.
John Wolohou. John Armitage.
Samuel Hewitt. Christopher Sickler.
Curporals.
Johu Watsou, Jr. Jacob Cramer.
Thomas Fulton. Henry Zulker.
Dru7nmer.
Isaiah Dill.
Fifer.
William Killium.
Prirates.
Nehemiah Beebe.
Elijah Brilton.
Joseph Brittou.
Arthur H. Brown.
Thomas Brown.
Wesley Brown.
Isaac Bryan.
Job Burloe.
John Cheeseman.
Richard G. Cheeseman,
Samuel Cheeseman.
Joseph Dilks.
M'duke Dukemeuier.
Peter Dunn.
James English.
Samuel Farrow.
Benjamin Filar.
David Fisher.
William Ford.
Osman Garrison,
Hudson Grajjewine.
William Grapewine.
Daniel Hagerty.
William Hewet.
Joseph W. Hillman.
John Jones.
Jonathan Kendall.
William Leslie.
Cromwell Lewis.
David Matlack.
Josiah Mickel.
Joseph Morgan.
Randall Morgan.
Joshua Owen.
Enos Parker.
Cornelius Peas.
Josiah Peas.
Anthony Pettit.
Jonathan Pine.
William Randall.
John Robertson.
William Rowand.
Samuel Rudrow.
Samuel Slim.
David Tice.
James A. Tice.
John Wallins.
James Warrick.
Joseph Watkins.
John Webber.
Joseph Wiley.
Thomas Williams.
John Zulkes.
Total : Three commissioned officers and
sixty-three enlisted men.
Captain Jesse C. Chew's Company was
stationed at Billingsport. It was enrolled Sep-
tember 23, 1814, and disciiarged December
20, 1814. Tile following was the rank and
file:
Captain.
Jesse C. Chew.
Lieutenant.
John Smith.
Scrgeantn.
John Nelson. William Thompson.
Charles Brooklield. Sparks Mcllvain.
Corporals.
Isaac Paul. Samuel White.
Joseph Mullen. George Sherwin.
Drummer.
James Crawford.
Prir
Abel Ashead.
Samuel Baxter.
Elijah Blake.
David Bowers.
Israel Brown.
Thomas Burrough.
John Carpenter.
Jeremiah Carter.
Samuel Carrtar.
Kendall Cole.
John Connelly, Jr.
William Connelly.
James Corneal.
Charles Cozens.
Barnes Crawford.
Jacob Dilks.
Samuel Dilks.
Samuel Dilks, Jr.
Jonathan Fowler.
Franklin B. Frost.
James Gant.
Joel Heritage.
Isaac Hews.
David Hurst.
Isaac Jackson.
Matthias Kay.
John Mcllvain.
Daniel McFee.
Samuel Mitten.
Reuben Mullen.
Henry Myers.
James Park.
Ward Park.
William Peterson.
John Piles.
Robert Pike.
Isaac Price.
James Seeds.
John Sharp.
William Sharp.
George Simpkins.
Joseph Thomson.
Edward Thornton.
John Whh.
Total : Two commissioned officers and fifty-
three enlisted men.
C.\PTAiN Robert L. Armstrong's Com-
pany wiis enrolled September 26, 1814, and
discharged December 22, 1814. It was
stationed at Billingsport and afterwards at
Cape May. The following was the rank and
tile:
m
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, HiEW JERSEY.
Robert L. Armstrong.
First Lieutenant.
Samuel L. Howell.
Second Lieutenant.
Randall Sparks.
Ensign.
Henry Roe, Jr.
Sergeants.
William Hugg. John Learmouth.
Jacob Madera. Matthias Barton.
Corporals,
Nathan Thomson. John Mickle.
Benjamin Darlington. John D. Watson.
Privates.
Edward Andrews. Charles Kinsenger.
Thomas Ashbrook. John Matlack.
Thomas Ayres. James G. Moysten.
Benjamin Bartlett. Somers Owen.
William Batt. Charles Page.
Charles D. Branson. David Pierce.
Gideon Burroughs. .\masa Pew.
John Burroiighs. Tliomas Pawlings.
Jonas Cattell. Joseph Richards.
Robert Chatham. Thomas Richards.
Samuel Cheeseman. John Roberts.
Samuel E. CU^menl. Robert Roe.
Job Coles. William Roe.
Samuel Coles. William H. Ross.
Edward Co.x. William Rutor.
James Cox. William Scott.
Charles Crump. Jacob Sears.
Henr}' Davis. Benjamin Shreeve.
James Dorman. Simon Sparks.
John Dunaway. Joseph Stirling.
Independence Ellis. Samuel C. Thackrav.
Jacob Ellis. Cornelius Tice.
Jacob Fifer. Joseph Townsend.
John M. Gibson. Daniel Vannemaii.
Isaac Hevvett. James Ward.
Jacob S. Howell. Davis Watson.
Joseph Hugg. Samuel W. Whitecar.
Simeon James. Aaron Wilkins.
Jonathan Kenuey. Charles Wilkins.
Total : four coramissioued officers, sixtv-
six enli.sted men.
Captai.x Jonathan Lippincott'.s Co.\i-
PANY was enrolled September 26, 1814, and
discharged Decemlier 16, 1814 ; .stationed at
Billingsport. Tlie following was the rank
and lile :
Captain.
Jonathan Lippiucott.
Lieutenant.
William Madara.
Ensign.
Stephen S. Vauzant.
Sergeants.
Samuel Hendrickson. Charles Wood.
Daniel Key. Samuel Lock.
Corporals.
David Burk. Jacob Mayers.
John Madara. Abraham Gaskill.
Druimner.
John Holmes.
Fi/'er.
Thomas Riley.
Privates.
John Archer. Abner Luallen.
.lohn Barber. Job B. Monroe,
.lohn Burch. ' William Nugent.
Jacob Carn. John Powell.
James Clark. James Price.
Maskill Clark. Jacob Price.
Walter W. Day. John Pullen.
Jonathan Dilks. James Reynolds.
Jonathan Eldridge. William P. Reynolds.
John Fisher. Henry Rulon.
Samuel Garrison. William Russell.
Abraham Clause. Charles Schweily.
William Griscom. .loseph Sims.
Joseph Grott". Philip Snailbacker.
Richman P. Gurnal. Frederick Steel.
Thomas Hand. John Stow.
George Heisler. Gabriel Strong.
Ezra Hendrickson. Isaac Thomson.
Peter Homan. Thomas Vaughn.
.\ndrew Jenkins. William Walker.
Joseph Keen. Christopher Whitacar.
Samuel Keen. Elijah Wood.
Ezekiel Lock. Christian Yenser.
Isaac Lloyd. John E. Y'ounker.
Total : Three commissioned officers, fifty-
eight enlisted men.
Artillery CojrpANY commanded by
Captain Enoch Gabb. It was stationed at
Billingsport ; enrolled September 26,1814,
and discharged December 22, 1814. The
following was the rank and file :
Captain.
Enoch Gabb.
Second Lieutenant.
Stephen Miller.
THE WAR OF 1812-14.
85
James Harker.
Henry Kigir.
Strytants.
Ebeuezer Turner.
( 'orporah.
Ezekiel Weeks.
Druiiimer.
William Shillings.
Kfer.
Robert Davis.
Primfes.
James Reeves.
Anthony Riley.
William Shoulders.
George Shute.
Zephaniah Weeks.
Moses Wilson.
Gideon Ziern.
Thomas Bates.
John Dgrrieksou.
Benjamin Hewlings.
Aaron Hews.
John Johnson.
Noah Kates.
James Miller, Jr.
John Pricket.
Total: Two coiiiinissioued officers, tweiity-
oue enlisted meu.
CaPT.MX PeTEK 8<)I DKIl's Co.MPAXY of
detailed militia was statioued at Billiugs-
port. It was eurolled September 27, 1814,
and discharged December 21, 1814. The
tollowiug was its rank and file :
Capfain.
Peter Souder.
Z/ieutenant.
Joseph Lippincott.
Ensign.
William Allen.
Sergeants-
Thomas Peterson. Erasmus Morton.
Dodo Peterson. Philip Curiden.
Corpoi-als.
Andrew Cole. Elwen Cliffin.
Lawrence Lippincott. John Sparks.
Drummer.
Benjamin Lippincott.
Fl/er.
Henry Webber.
Frirates.
Daniel Adams.
Jonathan Ale.
Josiah Ale.
Samuel Beaver.
Moses Bidel.
James Boon.
Daniel Carter.
Oliver Combs.
George Coombs.
Joseph Curriden.
William Curriden.
James Demaris.
Linnick Dilmore.
William Dilworth.
Lemuel Dougherty.
David Dubois.
John Dutley.
Samuel Dunlap.
William Dunn
Jacob Ebright.
David Evvens. Samuel Pickcn.
Charles Fithian. Jolin Plummer.
Lewis Fransway. John Reeves.
John Glauden. William Sair.
Peter Harris. Joseph Sanders.
Francis Holetoir .Joseph Sapp.
John Holeton. John Scott (1).
William Holeton. John Scott (2).
Joseph Humphreys. Silas Scare.
John Hunter. Benjamin Smith
Charles Lath Henry Sparks.
Andrew Louback. Josiah Sparks
Elijah Loyd. Thomas Sparks
Samuel Lumley. John Spears.
Samuel Mains. Lewis Stombs.
Hill Mecuni. William Straughu
William Moore John Stump.
Jacob Nelson. Clark Tracy.
Aaron Padget Charles Walleu
Erick Peterson. Nathan Welsh.
Peter Peterson. Samuel Wheaton
Jacob Whitesele. Jonathan White.
Thomas Woodnot Henry Zane.
Total : Three commissioned officers, .seveu-
ty-seven enlisted meu.
Capt.\ix Willia.m Newton's Company
of" detailed militia was stationed at Billings-
port. It was eurolled September 29, 1814,
and discharged December 22, 1814. The
following was its rank and file.
Captain.
William Newton.
Lieutenant.
John Porter.
Ensign.
Michael Stow.
iSergeants.
Amos A. Middleton. Isaac Vansciver.
Isaac Jones. (ieorge Hoft'man.
Cor/jorals.
John Henderson. Davis Nichols.
Isaiah M. Hannold.
Pr!
Benjamin Anderson.
William Burns
John Brannon.
George L. Browning.
Jacob Coleman.
Daniel Coles.
Henry Earick.
John Fisher.
James Flick.
•ates.
John Garrow
Joseph Garwood
Samuel Hannold.
Jacob Lock.
Abraham Mack
Isaac Middleton.
Matthew Miller.
Joel Read
George Roe
86
HISTORV OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Isaac Sage.
Armstrong Sapp.
John H. Smallwood.
Enoch Smith.
Samuel Smith.
Benjamin Stow.
John Sutor.
William Sutor.
Peter Toy.
James Vennel,
Total : Three commissioned officers, tiiir-
tv-five enlisted men.'
CHAPTER IX.
THE WAR WITH MEXU'O.
During the administration of President
Polk (1845-49) the war with Mexico oc-
curred, in consequence of the adoption by
Congress of Senator Benton's bill for the
annexation of Texas, which had declared its
independence of Mexico in 1833, and ob-
tained its freedom as the result of the battle
of San Jacinto April 21, 1836, when the
Texans, under (ieneral Sam Houston, defeated
Santa Anna's Mexican army. The population
of Texas was largely made up of emigrants
from the United States, and almost as soon
as they had organized a government by
electing Houston as President, tiiey asked for
admission to the United States. They had to
wait nine years, however, the sinister remon-
strances and threats of Mexico, which still
cherished hopes of regaining her lost territory,
deterring Congress from acceding to the ap-
plication. But the Americans crowded so
rapidly into the new republic that there
could be no question but that its future was
destined to be united with that from which
it had drawn its people and its institutions,
and notwith.standing that the Senate in 1844
1 Trenton, New .Jersey,]
Sept. 20, 1880. /
" I certify that the above list of soldiers detailed
from tlie Gloucester County Mililia for service in the
Wur of 1812. and of soldiers who were enrolled in the
New Jersey Battalion for the Mexican War, is correct
from the records of this office.
" WiLHA.M S. Strykek,
"Adjutant-General of New Jersey."
rejected the annexation treaty negotiated by
President Tyler, a year later it and the Hou.se
of Representatives were ready to favorably
answer the petition of Texas.
Mexico officially announced that she re-
garded this as an act of war, and by taking
up arms sacrificed forever her claim upon
Texas, and was eventually compelled to con-
firm the conquests of Colonel Philip Kearny
and Colonel John C. Fremont in New Mexico
and Upper California by the session of those
regions to the United States.
The Wiiigs had opposed and the Demo-
crats had favored the annexation of Texas;
New Jersey had voted for Henry Clay and
against I'oik for President in 1844 ; and in
the existing situation of atfairs the Whig
majoi-ity regarded with misgivings a war
whicli they feared would result in the ex-
tension of slavery in the Southwest. Yet the
quota of troops, which the national govern-
ment required the State to furnish, was filled
without difficulty, and was forwarded to Mexi-
co in time to join in General Taylor's victories
in 1846 and 1847, at Palo Alto, Resaca de
la Palma, Monterey, Saltillo and Bueua
Vista. Then they joined the army under
Scott, to the triumphs at Vera Cruz, Cerro
Gordo, Perote, Contreras, San Antonio,
^lolino del Rey, Cherubusco, Chapultepec
and the City of Mexico. Between May 8, 1846,
the date of the battle of Palo Alto, and Sep-
tember 7, 1847, when the entry into the City
of Mexico was made, the American armies,
never counting as high as eight thousand
elFective men, had in twenty engagements
never failed to defeat the enemy, who were
invariably twice or thrice their strength in
numbers, had stormed fortifications supj)osed
to be imj)regnabie and utterly vanquished a
foe who at the outset of the war had affected
to despise " Los Gringos."
The Jersey commands participating in these
marvelous campaigns were all, with one ex-
ception, mustered at Trenton into the regular
army ; and, therefore, no record was kept of
THE WAR WITH MEXTCO.
87
the place of their organization, or of the resi-
dence of individual recruits. The rosters
presented in the office of the adjutant-general
at Trenton merely show names and assign-
ments to companies or regiments, rendering
it impossible to fix through the rolls the
towns and counties that supplied any one
body of troops. Circumstances, however,
indicate that most of the men who went from
Camden County were mustered into the
Tenth Regiment United States Infantry.
In addition to the corajjanies thus received
into the service by the War Department, a
call was made on Governor Charles C. Strat-
ton, of New Jersey, on May 2.3, 1846, for a
regiment of volunteer infantry, and in re-
sponse to his proclamation a number of com-
panies were offered from Newark, Trenton,
Burlington and Flemington. Brigadier-Gene-
ral Goodwin is stated in Raum's history to
have offered the Passaic brigade, and on May
29, 1846, Captain Samuel Colt tendered a
battalion.
Camden County Soldiers. — The fol-
lowing is a complete record, so far as could be
ascertained, of troops from Camden County
who served in the j\Iexican War. They are
accredited to Camden County on the original
muster-out roll of the company, on file in
the office of the adjutant-general in Trenton.
They were mustered into the battalion at
Fort Hamilton, New York Harbor :
Company A, New Jersey Battalion, was
mustered in September 1, 1847, and mus-
tered out August 5, 1 848.
( 'iiji/aiti.
Henry A. Naglee.
Second Lieutenant.
Isaac W. Mickle.
Seryeaiitx.
David D. Nichols. .Joliu M. Miikle.
Corjioral.
^Tohn Ppear.
ftrummer.
William H- Benckert.
PTirnfe.s.
Charles S. Bates. .lolin W. Luniley.
Charles Bessonett. Samuel Lumley.
Franci.s S. Bosler. .lolui jAIcNiilty.
John B. Berger. .loseph M. Myer.s.
James Canning. Charles Orhley.
Samuel Cleary. (icorgeP. Pettit.
Daniel Carter. Charles H. Potts.
Peter Cunningham. William W. Reilly.
Thomas Deizley. Charles F. Rodgers.
Jame.s Falan. Frederick Rothweilcr.
Lawrence Garcy. William Shery.
Thomas Gaynor. Thomas Shimus.
Barnet Hansel. Aaron D. Smalhvuod.
William S. Heaton. Charles V. Smith.
William Hera. Alexander Steward.
Henry W. Howard. Edward Tice.
Ireland. Henry Williams.
Israel Learner. .Tohn Winters.
Total: Twocommissioned officers and fortv
enlisted men. The following served in the
Mexican War in Penn.sylvania companies
and in the navy, but were not accredit('d to
Camden County. They entered the Uin'ted
States service from Camden County, —
Capfains.
James McCraken. William Newton.
IJtuti-nant.
James B. Sutherland.
Boatswain's Mate.
Ziba Sears.
Sergeant.
Aquilla Haines.
Corporal.
Isaac Toy.
Gunner's Mate.
Ezra Lukens.
The battalion of New Jersey infantry to
which the Camden County company was
assigned went out from West Jersey. There
were many who entered the marine service, the
naval service, the regular army, and others
again, who were transferred to the store-ship
" Fredonia," the bomb brigs, " Vesuvius "
and " Heckla," as also the war steamers
" Spitfire " and " Iri.s," and the sloop-of-war
" Falcon." There were thirteen men from
Camden and Gloucester Counties on the
frigate " Cumberland," under Coinniodore
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
ConiKT, and who were landed l)elow the city
of Vera Cruz on the morning of the 9th of
March, 1847. They assisted in landing shot
and shell, planting batteries and preparing
to attack the celebrated castle San Juan de
Ulloa. General Scott summoned the city
to surrender on the 22d, but receiving a
negative answer, the heavy mortars opened
fire, which was continued until the 27th,
when General Landero, commandant of the
city, commenced negotiations for their sur-
render. Tn the mean time the little " Spit-
fire," a steamer not larger than one of the
small ferry-boats on the Delaware, put out
on the guards two men at heaving the lead
to find a passage over the coral reef. Oae
of these was a Jerseyman from Camden
County, Boatswain's Mate Ziba Sears, who
had distinguished himself in the determined
effort, to discover a channel or thoroughfare
over this reef, which extends for three
miles around and beyond the castle and
early ou the 27th did succeed in find-
ing a crossing-place. At once the " Spit-
fire " advanced boldly up under the walls of
the San Juan, tlie guns of which were
mounted en barbette and could not be de-
pressed sufficiently to do any material dam-
age to the steamer. The " Spitfire " ran
right under the guns of the ca.stle, and tossed
red-hot shot into it and set the buildings on
fire and compelled' the surrender of the
castle. When Vera Cruz and the 'castle
surrendered, the detachment of Major John
Reynolds, to which the Camden Company was
attached, at once (captured Alvarado and
Hocatalpam, ninety miles below Vera Cruz.
Major Reynolds was enthusia.stic in his
praises of the soldierly bearing of the Jersey
troops. James M. Sutherland, of Wood-
iiury, a first lieutenant in this detachment,
was the first to mount the scaling ladders at
Chapultepec and planted the Stars and Stripes
upon the walls of the city. On the 19th of
April, 1847, these same troops attacked and
took possession of Peroteand throughout the
entire war took an active part. On the 8th
of May, 1848, peace was declared between
the United States and Mexico, and at this
time the great insurrection was in progress
in the penin.sula of Yucatan, and the cities on
the Gulf coast were in danger and applied
to the United States for protection. Our
government nobly responded and called for
volunteers from among those who were prepar-
ing to return home after a grand and glorious
conquest. Some of the naval s(|uadroii and
marines and five hundred of the troops,
among whom were some of the Camden
company, were at once forwarded to Laguna,
Sisal and Catupeche. The flint-lock mus-
kets and ammunition were turned over to
the authorities of the cities, the insui'gents
were routed, and in November, 1848, six
tnonths after the term of service of these
troops in the Mexican War had expired,
they returned home via Norfolk, being dis-
charged from the different vessels of the
squadron.
Captain C. N. Pelouze, of 604 St)uth
Fifth Street, Camden, is one of the survivors
of the Mexican War. Elisha N. Luckett
was a second lieutenant in the Second
Pennsylvania Regiment in the Mexican War.
He now resides in Camden. Joseph Camp,
residing three miles .south of Camden, is also
a survivor of the Mexican War.
C.VPTAIN Frank H. Coles, who.se .ser-
vices in the preparation of the military
chapters and other parts in this work were
of great value, entered the marine service in
the Mexican War in 1847, assigned to the
frigate " Cumi)erland " mentioned above,
and afterward to the United States .steamer
" Iris," participated in the capture of Vera
Cruz, Alvarado and Hocatalpam, and was
one of the volunteers to Yucatan.
Captain Coles was born at Woodbury, Sep-
tember 28, 1827, and is of Swedish descent,
his great-grandfathei'. Job Coles, having emi-
grated from Sweden nearly two centuries
ago. His father, Samuel Coles, was an ensign
THE WAR FOE THE UNION.
89
ill the War of 1812. At the outbreak of the
Civil War, Captain Coles, between the 12th
and 16th of April, 1861, materially assisted
in raising the first company that went out
from Gloucester County, of which he became
fii-st lieutenant. He afterwards entered the
three years' service as first sergeant in Third
Regiment of General Kearny's brigade ;
was promoted to second lieutenant of Com-
pany G May 29, 1862 ; promoted to first
lieutenant March 24, 1863. After being
woinided on June 27, 186.3, at Gaines' Mills,
he was transferred, December 18, 1863, to
the Veteran Reserve Corps as captain, com-
manding Fifty-first and Fifty-second Com-
panies, Second Battalion, Veteran Reserve
Corps. He remained in the service until
June 29, 1865.
Captain Coles was married, in December,
1849, to Anna Elizabeth Harker, daughter
of Joseph Harker, of Swedesboro' and eldest
sister of Brigadier-Cteneral Charles (i.
Harker, a graduate of West Point Military
Academy, who was killed at Kennesaw
Mountain, Georgia, June 27, 1864, at the
age of twenty-seven years.
C'aptaix William SxiLLiNCis, now
residing in Gloucester City, was born in
1814, sou of Jacob Stillings, a soldier of the
Revolution. He was a soldier in the Seminole
War in Florida, the ^Mexican War and the
War for the Union. In 1838 he enlisted in
the regular army and served in Florida
under General Zachaiy Taylor. He was
under General Scott when the Cherokee
Indians were removed west of the Mississi|)pi
to Indian Territory. In 184(), with his
command, he was sent to Mexico, placed
under General Scott, and participated in the
memorable battles on the triumphant march
to the City of Mexico. In 1854 he retired
from the army and returned to Gloucester.
In 1861 he was mustered into the service
as a first lieutenant of Company K, Fourth
Regiment New Jersey Volunteers, and at
the exj)ii-ation of his term ol' tiirce months
became a first lieutenant in the throe years'
service. He was in the battles of West
Point and Fair Oaks and at Gaines' Mills
was captured by the enemy, placed in Libb}
Prison forty-six days and then paroled. He
joined his command, was promoted to cap-
tain, took part in the second battle of Bull
Run and the battles of South Mountain and
Antietam. After recovering from a wound
received in battle he entered the navy as
engineer and continued in that service until
1867.
CHAPTER X.
THE WAR FOR THE UXIOS.
If a definite date is sought tor the begin-
ning of the slavery agitation out of which
proceeded the War for the Union, it may
be placed in the year 182(1, when Mis-
souri was admitted into the Union — not but
that the question had previously shown itself
to be a disturbing and threatening element,
but because at that time there was presented
for solution, the momentous problem whether
the vast territory which had been acquired
by the Louisiana purchase should be thrown
open to the slave power of the South. The
people of the free States — or at least an
overwhelming majority of them — were de-
termined that this more than imperial domain
should not be used for the extension of sla-
very, while those in favor of it were equally
i-esolute in the maintenance of their theory
that the slave-holder should be at liberty to
locate in any of the newly-formed Territories
with their human chattels, and, if they pos-
sessed the voting majority, to establish sla-
very by the Constitution of any State created
from the Territories. It is not required that
we should here refer to the several compro-
mise measures passed by Congress defining
lines stretching from the Mississippi River to
the Pacific Ocean, the soil north of which
90
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
should be forbidden to the slave-master and
that south of it preserved to him forever.
All such efforts to accomplish the impossible
task of reconciling under one government
two widely repellent industrial, political and
social systems proved failures before they
were wiped out by the decision of the Su-
preme Court in the Dred Scott case.
Interwoven with this phase of the irre-
pressible conflict was the doctrine of States'
rights upheld by the Southern leaders and
insisted upon as the most efficacious of the
instruments for the extension and perpetuity
of slavery. It had been discussed with ex-
treme vigor in the convention which framed
the Constitution of the nation, and even the
victory therein of the Federali-sts over the
opposition had not laid it to rest or prevented
it from becoming a crucial i.ssue in subse-
quent politics. It had been the justifica-
tion for South Carolina in 1832, when, under
the guidance of John C. Calhoun, that State
endeavored to nullify the tariff legislation of
Congress, and from it tlie Southern states-
men derived the alleged right of secession, in
consequence of the election of Abraham
Lincoln to the chief magistracy as the can-
didate of a party which declared opposition
to the extension of slavery to be its rea.son
for existence.
The opening of the War for the Union
found New Jersey illy prepared to play her
part on the field of battle. Devoted to the
Constitution which the Legislature had nnan-
imously ratified in December, 1787, this
State was ready to exert her influent* to
peacefully adjudicate the questions pregnant
with national disruption. New Jersey had
given four of her electoral votes to j\.braham
Lincoln and a coalition of the Democratic
factions had cast the other three for Stephen
A. Douglas. On January 29, 1861, the
Legislature passed resolutions indorsing Sen-
ator Crittenden's compromise plan, or any
other constitutional method that might i)er-
mancntly settle the question of slavery. The
conservative temper of that body decided
" that the government of the United States
is a national government, and the union it
was designed to perfect is not a mere com-
])act or league ; that the Constitution was
adojited in a .spirit of mutual compromise
and concession by the people of the United
States and can only be preserved by the
constant recognition of that spirit." The
Personal Liberty statutes which some of
the States had adopted as an offset to the
F\]gitive Slave Law, were aimed at in a
re.solution urging States " that have obnox-
ious laws in force which interfere with the
constitutional rights of the citizens of other
States, either in regard to their persons or
property, to repeal the same." Another res-
olution propo.sed the calling of a convention
of all the States to suggest amendments to
the National Constitution that would avert
disunion ; and finally, Charles S. Olden,
Peter D. Vroom, Robert F. Stockton, Ben-
jamin Williamson, Frederick T. Freling-
huysen, Rodman M. Price, William C. Alex-
ander and Thomas J. Stryker were appointed
a committee to confer with Congress and
similar delegates from other common-
wealths upon enforcing the plan outlined in
these resolutions. They took part in the
Peace Conference held at Washington, Feb-
ruary 4, 18(J1, at which twenty-one States
were represented and which submitted sev-
eral constitutional amendments to Congress,
but their well-meant efforts were of no avail,
for Congress gave little heed to their recom-
mendations, and on the same day the Confed-
erate government was organized at Mont-
gomery, Alabama.
President Lincoln's proclamation calling
out seventy-five thousand troops for the three
months' service was issued April ISth, two
days after the fall of Fort Sumter. New
Jersey had no militai-y establishment com-
))etent to furnish at a moment's notice the
four regiments of seviMi hundred and eighty
men each, the cpiota a.'^signcd to her.
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
91
lu the language of John Y. Foster, author
of " New Jersey aud the Rebellion," hor
militia system " was one of shreds and
pat<>hes, without organic unity, and almost
entirely worthless as a means of defence, or
even as a nucleus for a more perfect organi-
zation.'" But she had in Governor Charles
S. Olden an executive whose quickness of
thought and action went far to make up for
these deficiencies. He received the requisi-
tion from the national government on April
17th, and instantly issued a proclamation
directing all imlividuals or organizations
willing to volunteer to report themselves
within twenty days, various banks tlirough-
out the State having already placed at his
disposal four hundred and fiftj^-one thou.sand
dollars to provide for the equipment and
arming of the troops. At the same time
orders were issued to the four generals of
divisions to detail each one regiment of ten
companies, aud at once proceed to the organi-
zation of the reserve militia. Under the
orders volunteers were to be accepted for
three months' service ; but if a sufficient num-
ber of these did not enlist, the deficiency was
to be made up by a draft from the militia.
Ardent loyalists, however, came forward in
such numbers that within a few days over one
hundred companies, equal to ten thousand
men, had offered to go to the front. The
Camden correspondent of the Philadelphia
Pxiblle Ledger states that on the evening
of April loth the Stockton Cadets, a Cam-
den militia^company, held a meeting at their
armory and passed resolutions expressing
their loyalty and declaring it to be the duty
of all connected with the militia to enroll
tlieraselves for the defence of the Stars and
Stripes, whereupon all present, twenty-three
in number, enlisted. Arrangements were
made for having the armory open nightly for
the enlistment of recruits between the ages of
eighteen and twenty-one yeare, with a view
of tendering the services of the command to
the government.
The First War Mi:ETiN(i in C.\mdkx.
—On the KJth of April, 18(J1, three days
after the Confederates fired upon Fort Sum-
ter, at the entrance of Charleston Harbor, a
large number of loyal and patriotic citizens
of Camden City and County issued the fol-
lowing vigorous and spirited response to the
President's proclamation :
" To the Preudcnf of the United Staten :
"The unparalleled events of the last week have
revealed to the citizens of the United States, be-
yond iiueation or the possibility of a doubt, that
[>eaceful reconciliation upon the form of our Con-
stitution is repelled and scorned, and secession
means, in the hearts of its supportei-s, both Trea-
son and war against our Country and Nation.
" We, therefore, the undersigned Loyal Citizens
of the United States, and inhabitants of the city of
Camden, in the State of New Jersey, responding
to the proclamation of the President of the United
States, hereby declare our unalterable determina-
tion to sustain the government in its efforts to
maintain the honor, the integrity aud the exist-
ence of our National Union and the perpetuity of
the popular Government, and to redress the
wrongs already long enough endured; no differences
of political opinion; no badge of diversity upon
points of party distinction, shall restrain or with-
hold us in the devotion of all we have or can com-
mand to the vindication of the Constitution, the
maintenance of the laws and the defence of the
Flag of our Country.
" I. S. Mulford. Samuel S.E.Coperthwait.
E. R. .Johnson. James M. Scovel.
Louis L. Scovel. S. C. Harbert.
B. M. Braker. John S. Read.
Joseph C.Nichols. D. H. Erdman.
Elwood C. Fortiner. Adam Angel.
Joseph Vautier. George W. Vanhorn.
Edmund Brewer. Charles S. Garrett.
Uriah Norcross. Thomas M. Barracliff.
Isaac L. Lowe. W. H. Saunders.
Henry B. Goodwin. Jacob Harman, Jr.
Richard W. Test. Charles K. Horsfall.
James M. Cassady. Timothy Middleton.
John Duprey. William W. Sloan.
Jesse Pratt. Charles Cloud.
Hamilton Johnston. A. W . Tcsl.
Charles P. Dickinson. C. A. S. Oriesback.
Richard H. Lee. Henry Scliock.
C.G. Zimmerman. Walter Patton.
Thomas M. K. J-ee, Jr. Azael Roberts.
Charles J. Sanders. Thomas Jeft'ries.
92
HISTORY OF CAMDKN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
C. Gilbert Hannah.
John T. F. Peak.
Samuel C. Cooper.
J. C. De Lajour.
Edward T. Andrews.
Conclin Mayhey.
William Reynolds.
Simon Rammel.
H. H. Gold.smith.
John Horsfall.
Thomas H. Dudley.
Robert Folwell.
Edw. H. Saunders.
James C. Morgan.
David H. Sheppard.
Richard Fetters.
Charles C. Reeves.
S. H. Grey.
N. B. Stokes.
S. C. Wright.
Joseph Dlinston.
David Creary.
John R. Barber.
James H. Denny.
William R. Maxwell.
Robert Wible.
Hamilton William.
George W. Jackson.
Joseph Maurer.
Joseph D. Brown.
William S. Scull.
Daniel Witham.
Isaac Shreeve.
Adam Hare.
George Wardell.
Joseph Coffman.
George W. Conrow.
Joshua Howell.
Martin Grey.
S. L. Wayne.
Abner Sparks.
Van T. Shivers.
Westcott Campbell.
William J. Taylor.
Isaiah Norcross.
Alden C. Scovel.
Philip J. Gray.
George W. Gilbert.
Charles D. Hineline.
Thomas H. Davis.
Charles De Haven.
Thomas Ackley.
John Gill.
James B. Dayton.
James M. Stevens.
Joseph French.
George Campbell.
A. A. Merry.
E. Wells.
William D. Clark.
William B. Hatch.
E. C. Jackson.
A. B. Martin.
Richard O. Robertson.
Timothy C. Moore.
George W. Stanley.
Robert Schali.
Reynell Coates.
Aaron Hewit.
Henry Shuster.
William Hartsgrove.
William B. French.
W. A. Winchester.
John M. Natty."
In response to a call, on the 18tli of
April an enthusiastic meeting was held in
the county court-house, which was formed
of a large collection of prominent citizens.
The court-room was decorated with flags
and mottoes. John W. Mickle was chosen
president and Samuel C. Harbert and
Thomas G. Rowand secretaries. The presi-
dent addre.ssod tlie meeting first and Rev.
Mr. Monroe offered a prayer. Hon. Thomas
P. Carpenter, Thomas B. Atkinson (mayor)
and Joseph Painter were appointed a com-
mittee on resolutions. Judge Philip J. Grey
addressed the uK^eting, after which the com-
mittee adopted a long series of patriotic res-
olutions. The A¥ashington Grays, Stockton
Cadets and the Zouaves marched into the
room and were received with cheers, Samuel
Hufty read a resolution which was signed by
many persons, who immediately formed the
Home Brigade. David M. Chambers, Cap-
tain Stafford, Benjamin M. Braker, John H.
Jones and ¥^. A. Acton each addressed the
meeting. James M. Scovel was then called
upon and responded in eloquent terms and
with patriotic energy. S. H. Grey offered a
resolution, wliich was adopted, that the City
Council and the Freeholders of the county be
requested to apjn'opriate money for the e([ui])-
ment of persons who may volunteer in de-
fense of the country, and S. H. Grey, James
M. Cassady and Joseph Painter were ap-
jioiuted a committee to look after the interests
of the resolution. The meeting continued in
sassion until eleven p.m.
On the 22d of April Samuel H. Grey
made an address before the Board of Free-
holders in a patriotic appeal, soliciting the
board to make appropriations for the relief
of families of volunteer .soldiers. John S.
Read offered a resolution favoring the ap-
propriation of five thousand dollars, whicli
was unanimously adopted. On the evening
of the 25th the City Council voted four
hundred dollars for the saiue purpose. On
the same evening the First Methodist Epis-
copal Church of Camden collected one hun-
dred and fifty dollars and purchased five
hundred Bibles for the volunteer soldiers of
Camden County. ,
The State Bank of Camden loaned twenty-
five thousand dollars and the Farmers and
Mechanics Bank ten thousand dollars to the
Governor of New Jersey to aid in the prose-
cution of the war. In July, 1861, the
County Bible Society sent large in.stallments
of Bibles to the Caniden County soldiers at
Trenton.
On April Itith the Washington Grays, of
Camden, held a meeting and resolved to open
the armory for recruits. By Saturday, April
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
93
20th, those two oompaiiies, the Caimleu
Zouaves and the Union Guards were reported
ready tor service and the Camden liiglit Ar-
tillery organizing. On the 25th the same
correspondent wrote that the following com-
panies had taken their departure from Cam-
den for Trenton :
Washington Grays, Captain E. Price Hunt.
Canideu Light Artillery, Captain I. W. Mirkle.
Stockton Cadets, Captain E. G. Jackson.
Camden Zouaves, Captain John R. Cunningham.
And the following fi-om Gloucester City :
Union Guards, Captain Joseph B. Stratiord.
Anderson Guards, Captain John P. Van Leer.
It was the boast of the Gloucester people
that Union township, which had but four
hundred voters, sent at this time one hundred
and ninety-eight good men to do duty for the
cause.
Foster's history asserts that on April 18th,
Captain John R. Cunningham tendered the
Camden Zouaves, a well-drilled and uni-
formed comj)auy, to the Governor." This or-
ganization had been formed under the militia
law in the preceding year, when the tour of
the principal cities made by Ellsworth's
Chicago Zouaves inspired thousands of young
men to join companies patterned upon that
famous model. It was mustered into the
Fourth Regiment, on April 25th, as Company
G, under command of Captain Cunningham,
First Lieutenant Louis M. Morris and En-
sign Joseph L. De La Cour.
The other five companies from Camden
County were placed in the same regiment.
Captain Hunt's company became Company
' This was the first official tender of a company made
in tlie State. Foster says that the first regimental otter
was made on the same day, when Lieutenant-Colonel V.
R. Matthews, commanding the First Regiment, Hunter-
don Brigade, wrote to the Governor proffering their ser-
vices. The fir.st individual offer, according to Governor
Olden's records, was that of General Joseph W. Revere,
of the Morris Brigade, who, in January, 1861, tendered
his services in any capacity in which they might be re-
quired. This offer was renewed and accepted on April
17th.
F ; Captain Van Leer's, Company II ; Cap-
tain Jackson's, Company V ; Captain Straf-
ford's, Company D ; and Captain Mickle's,
Company E. The two first were mustered
on April 25th and the three last on April
27th.
Among the individual offers was that of
William B. Hatch, of Camden, who had
served in 185!) and 18()0 in the cavalry of
the Russian army ; he was commissioned as
adjutant of the Fourth Regiment in the
ninety days' service, and subsequently made
major of the Fourtli (three years') Regiment.
Mrs. Hettie K. Painter, of Camden, volun-
teered as a nurse, and became known to
thousands of sick and wounded men for her
gentle and efficient ministrations in the hos-
pitals of the Army of the Potomac.
On the last day of April the quota of the
State was complete, and it was mustered at
Trenton as a brigade of four regiments,
under command of General Theodore Run-
yon, the present chancellor of New Jersey.
The next day the Governor sent a special
messenger to General B. F. Butler, com-
manding at Annapolis, Md., requesting him
to prepare to receive the brigade, which was
to be .sent through the canal route in con.se-
quence of the destruction of the railroad
bridges near Baltituore by the Secessionists of
Marvland. The men were embarked at
Trenton on May 3d, on a fleet of fourteen
propellers, and proceeded down the Delaware
River and through the Delaware and C^hesa-
peake Canal to Annapolis, which they
reached on the night of the 4th." General
^They left Trenton without a round of ammunition.
Captain Charles P. Snntli was sent to New York that
day to procure it, but was unsuccessful, until a Mr.
Blunt, a dealer on Broadway, agreed to let him have a
certain quantity of cartridges and percussion caps on
his personal security. He reached Jersey City with a
dray-load, notwithstanding the New York authorities
had prohibited any ammunition from being taken from
the city. There he had a controversy with the railroad
officials, who refused to take such freight on a passen-
ger train, but compromised by allowing it to be packed
in an iron crate, which was towed a long way astern of
94
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Butler ordered its advance to Washington,
and on the otli the First Regiment, witli six
companies of tlie Second and nine companies
of the Third, started forward in two trains
of cars. The first of these trains reached
Wasliington about midnight, and the second
at eight o'clock the following morning. The
same evening the Fourth Regiment and the
remaining company of the Third arrived at
the capital. The four companies of the >Sec-
ond left at Annapolis, were detailed to guai'd
the telegraph and railroad between ^Vnnaj>o-
lis Junction, and were left without tents and
almost without a commissariat for a mouth.
(_)n May Oth the arrival of the brigade
was reported to General Scott, and no camps
being provided, the troops went into such
qnarters as were available in Wasliington.
" On all sides," says Foster, " their arrival
was hailed witii jileasure. Men felt that now
the capital was safe. These three thousand
Jei'seymen, thoroughly armed and equij)ped,
as no regiments previously arrived, had been,
could be relied upon to repel all assaults.
New Jersey never stood higher in the estima-
tion of the loyal people of the country than
at that juncture, ^^•hen she sent to the na-
tion's defense the first full brigade of troops
that reached the field." On May 7th the
command marched past the White House,
where it was reviewed by President Lincoln
and (leneral Scott. On the 9th the Fourth
Regiment moved out to Camp Monmouth, on
Meridian Hill, where it was soon joined by
the other regiments, and on the I'lth the
camp was visited by the President and Se(!-
retaries Chase and Seward, Mr. Lincoln com-
plimenting the troops on their .soldierly ap-
pearance. They remained at ('am[) Mon-
mouth, ])erfecting their drill and discipline,
the train. At 10.30 that night Captain Smith reache'i
(Jamden, where a tug was in waiting for him. The
flotilla with the brigade was intercepted as it was pass-
ing the city ; lie transferred the crate to the various ves-
sels, and its lontents were served out to the men as they
went on down the Delaware.
until the 23d, when the Second, Third and
Fourth Regiments (the First following the
next day) crossed the Potomac into Virginia,
and on the Wa,shingtonand Alexandria road,
at a most important strategic point, con-
structed and mounted with heavy guns a
strong defensive work, which, in honor of
their brigadier, they named Fort Runyou. It
was the first regular fortification built by the
national troops. The brigade remained in
this vicinity until July IGth, when it was
moved forward a few miles, and placed in
the First Reserve Division, to which had also
l)een assigned the First, Second and Third
New Jersey (threeyear.s')Regiments,whit'ii had
reached the field a few days previous to the
movement. The First (three months') Regi-
ment was ordered to a point on the Orange
and Alexandria Railroad, three miles beyond
Springfield, to guard the track repairs. On
the same day four hundred and twenty-five
men of the Third Regiment were detailed to
e-scort a provision train, and a portion of the
Fourth was charged with guarding another
.section of the railroad. One company of the
latter regiment was then guarding the Long-
Bridge, and still another was on duty at Ar-
lington Mills, while the remainder was or-
dered to Alexandria with the Second (three
montlis') Regiment. Colonel Taylor, com-
manding the Third (three years') Regiment,
was at the same time instructed to march to
a point on the Orange and Alexandria Rail-
road, and during the night • following, the
First and Second (three years') Regiments
were moved forward to A'^ienna. On the
17th orders were issued to all the regiments
in the command to provide them-selves with
two days' cooked rations, and on the 18th,
(leneral Rnnyon as.sumed command of all
the troops not on the march to the front.
These dispositions were in view of the bat-
tle of Bull Run, which was fought and lost
by the Union army on July 21st. The near-
est that any of the Jersey troops came to par-
tici]>ation in it, was that the First and Second
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
95
(three years') Regiments and the First (three
months') Regiment were marched toward
Centrevillc during the day, and that the two
first-named reached the town in season to ar-
rest with fixed bayonets the rush of thou-
sands of panic-strici\en fugitives toward
Washington, and rally them into something
like order. They performed this duty most
tMithfully and the value of their services was
fully recognized by General JNIcDowell.
On July 24th the Third and Fourth Reg-
iments, their term of enlistment having ex-
pired, were ordered to report to General
Mansfield to be mustered out. The First
and Second received the same orders on the
following day ; and after being formally dis-
charged the brigade returned home to New
Jersey, where it was accorded an enthusiastic
reception. A majority of the men re-enlisted
in the long-term regiments and were back in
the field before they had time to forget a
movement of the manual of arms.
It has been estimated that in the early
months of the war fully five thousand citizens
of New Jersey enlisted in New York, I'hila-
delphia and elsewhere in the regiments of
other States. They were bent upon entering
the army, and as the three months' quota of
New Jersey was already filled, they sought
service outside. Whole companies were thus
transferred to neighboring States and their
identity as Jersey commands thus lost. They
("umot now be traced, but it may be mentioned
that the renowned Flxcelsior I^rigade of New
York embraced many Jersey soldiers in its
ranks. An unknown number of CamdcMi
County men crossed the river, and in Phila-
delphia enrolled themselves in commands of
the Keystone State.
The following is the official roster of the
six com])anies of the P^ourth Regiment of
three months' troops raised in C'amden
County :
COMPANY c.
Captain.
Edmund G. .laokson.
Firxt. JJeu/enanl.
William R. Maxwell.
Ensign.
William H. Hemsing.
First Sergeant.
Retijamin C!oiinelly.
Serijeaiifx.
Rudolph Tenner. John W. Moore.
David D. Helm.
Corporals.
William Rogers. Samuel RatclitT.
George W. Jaek.non. William D. Miller.
Fifer.
George Jauss.
Drummer.
Charles Hoy.
Privates.
James Albright. Edward A. .lohnston.
Robert H. Ames. John Lezenby.
.loseph Bazarth. William Loel.
Anthony Bernard. Alfred Martin.
James G. Boileau. Frank McCamnidii.
Cornelius Brown. William Morris.
.John Brown. Francis Mount.
Charles B. Capewell. Davis H. Nichols.
Thomas Carr. George S. Patterson.
William H. Carson. John P. Price-
.lesse C. Chew. Richard J. Robertson.
William H. H. Clark. Charles H. Rogers.
John Clevenger. William H. Schwaab.
William P. Cojieland. August Scior.
Collin Coutts. Richard Smith.
Dilwyn Cowperthwaite. Charles Spooner.
John O. Crowell. Savillion A. Steiumetz.
Charles Davis. Andrew H. Stilwell.
Elijah T. Davis. Stacy Stockton.
Clayton Edwards. John Sweesley.
William A. Fish. Edward Thornton.
Henry Frost. James H. Townsend.
Jacob Gerhart. Tlieodore Vansciver.
Charles G. P. Goforth. Andrew J. Wallace,
.lohn R. Grubb. Joshua Walleus.
.fosiah Harley. John W. Wetherby.
William H. Helams. Joseph M. White.
Thomas Henderson. Thomas White.
Walter Hill. Thomas Whittaker.
William S. Hiueline. Charles Wilson.
.■Vlt'red Horner. Isaac F. Wright.
WillardHowe. George W. Wood.
CO.MPANV D.
Captain.
Joseph B. Strafibrd.
96
HISTORY OF CAMPEN COUNTY, NEW .TERSEi^
First Lieutenant.
John Cavanaugh.
J-Mugn.
P'erdinand MeWilliams.
Fird Sergeant,
Patrick Reiley.
Sergennti'.
Arnold S. Shailer. Edward Corcoran.
James Oonley. Peter Rancom.
Corparals.
Michael Dunn. Peter Megary.
Joseph S, Strafford. Franklin Lightcap.
Drummer.
John O'Brien.
Privdtes.
William H. Ackerson. (leorge H. Manson.
William Bisbing. Peter McAdams.
Suffaray J. Blanc. James McCaffrey.
Nicholas Brady. James McCann.
Theodore Brick. James McCormick.
Alexander Bryson. James McGrovy.
John Burns. Michael McGrovy.
James Byers. Alexander McHenry.
Patrick Byers. James McManus.
Michael E. Callahan. Owen Mullen.
William A. Coles. Edward Noble.
William J. Coles. . William Norton.
Henry Conlen. John ( )'Neil.
Henry Conerty. James O'Reiley.
Michael Corcoran. Francis C. Orens.
(ieorge W. Crammer. John Pei)per.
Thomas Dugan. Aaron Peterson.
Thomas Eagen. Robert Ciuigley.
Patrick Early. Robert Redfield.
James Finnegan. James Rowbottom.
James Flynn. Aaron Stone.
Charles Gannon. Ambrose Strong.
.Fohn Gannon. Arthur Toole.
Hugh H. Gorman. Peter Toole.
Thomas Goodman. Peter Warburton.
James Jobes. Josiah L. Ward.
William Kaine. Patrick Waters.
Thomas Keegan. James White.
Daniel Kinney. .lohn J. White.
Stephen A. Lane. Peter White.
(xeorge Leeming. George Whitehead.
John Lynch. William H. Wyant.
WMlliam Lynch. Samuel Wynn.
COMPANY !•;.
Captain.
I.saac W. Mickle.
First Lieutenant,
Philip M. Armington.
Ensign.
Timothy C. Moore.
First Sergeant.
John M. Collins.
Sergeants.
Benjamin D. Coole)'. Henry Carels.
Samuel B. Jobes.
f'or/iorals.
.lohn E. Droham. John Sing.
Robert M. Wible. Edward J. Cassady.
Fifer,
Emanuel Joseff.
Drummer.
Philip Josefi;
I'rivates,
George B. Anderson. Joseph E. Jones,
George W. Armstrong. Robert Kell.
Hugh Beaty. Jacob F. Kihule.
James Beaty. James McComb.
Thomas H. Bishop. Abraham Morely.
Charles P. Bowyer. John H. Morris.
Joseph D. Brown. .lames Morrissey.
Joseph T. Burdsall. .loseph D. Parker.
Henry Carse. Samuel Peers.
Richard Church. Thomas Pickering,
.lohn Cole. Benjamin A. Pine.
Patrick Cunningham. Isaac J. Pine.
Lewis W. Drummond. John Pinkerton.
Lemuel Edwards. John A. Quigley.
William Fennimore. John R. Rich.
Joseph W. Fernandez. Oliver H. Ritchson.
Charles Fish. Albion V. Salisbury.
Charles Fisher. Benjamin Sands.
Howard Fisler. Jeremiah Saunders.
Charles Fox. Charles C. Sharp.
John W. Garwood. Joseph D. Smith.
Christian A. Gross. Edward H. Stackhouse.
Charles Hahn. Joseph Strock.
William B. Haines. William H. Thompson.
David D. Hamell. .lohn Thornton.
John W. Hart. Mordecai Tyler.
William Hclmiitb. William B. Warlord.
.John Hill. Joseph M. Webb.
Count De(i. Hogan. l>evi A. Westcott.
George W. Jobes. Benjamin Wilson.
John L. Johnson. Brazier Wiltsey.
yVlexandcr Johnson. William Wiltscv.
Captain,
Edward Price Hunt.
First Lieutenant.
Richard H. Lee.'
THE WAR FOR THE TTNTON.
97
Ensign.
Theodore A. Zimmerman.
First Hwgeaiit.
Theodore W. Field.
SergtanU.
Charles J. Field. Chas. G. Zimmerman.
.Toseph C. Lee.
('orporah.
Cha.s. F. Miller, Jr. Charles F. Dickenson.
Chas. J. T. Saunders. (leo. A. 8. Drisback.
Fijtr.
Michael Hartzell.
Brummer.
•Toseph Rodgers.
Pri-oales.
.James V. Anderson. Joseph Immon.
Joseph G. Betts. William T. Jaooby.
William Bosworth. William L. Kaighn.
.John P. Bronf'ord. Joseph Kelly.
Henry Bruist. George W. King.
William N. Biizby. Thomas M. K. Lee, Jr.
Edmond Carels. William C. Lee.
Thomas E. D. Carter. Steven.son Leslie.
John M. Chillman. .Jacob S. Levan.
Bartholomew Clarke. Edward Livermore.
Isaac Clark. Thomas A. Locke.
R. Graham Clark. John E. Loeb.
Jacob W. Clements. William T. Long.
John Clements. Edward Mackey.
Charles Clendenning. James McClernon.
Oliver K. Collins. Timothy L. Middleton.
Robert T. Cox. William Morton.
Burton Davis. .John Naphy.
Ethelbert Davis. John T. Ogdeu.
.John P. Ducas. Benjamin W. Perkins.
Samuel H. Elders. Samuel M. Price.
Joseph H. Ewiug. Henry Rauser.
William H. Eyies. George M. Rodgers.
Joseph B. Garwood. Albert Smith.
Josiah B. Gibersoii. Henry Smith.
Charles Gilliert. .John T. Smith.
Harvey B. Goodwin. Charles C. Stezer.
Joseph E. Gregory. .Austin E. Vanarsdale.
Richard C. Haines. .lohn Wescoat.
John M. Henderson. Henry Williams.
Leander Houghtaling. Samuel Williams.
Charles E. Hugg. Thomas P. Williams
Jose|)h 8. Hugg.
COMPANY <;.
(Japtam.
John R. Cunningham.
First Lieutenant.
Lewis IVr. Mnrri>.
Ensign.
Joseph L. De La Cour.
First Sergeant.
William w'. Mines.
Sergeants.
John K. Brown. George Holl.
Henry Daniels, .Ir.
(joriiorals.
Henry F. Surault. William Pell, Jr.
James M. Lane. Isaac Wood.
Fifer.
William Howard.
Drummer.
William Brassell.
rrlimtes.
A. George M. Ashley. Charles H. Jewell.
George Baxter. Edward Johnson.
.John Beideman. William H. Kaighn.
George Bloomfield. Benjamin F. King.
Albert M. Buck. Barton Lane.
Charles P. Bundick. .John G. Lewallen.
James Burkett. (Jhurles Lownsbury.
Lewis Buzine. .James Massey.
George Cairoli. John McKinley.
Benjamin Cavanaugh. Edward H. Mead.
William Cox. Edwin Mitchell.
Alpheus Davis. Howard Moore.
David Davis. Lorenzo F. Park.
Samuel H. Davis. John Quick.
Edward F. Dufty. John T. Redi'ern.
Frank B. Fox. James B. Scott.
Alexander T. Francisco. Edward Sewell.
Charles B. Eraser. William Shurdon.
Henry Gallagher. Lewis Smith.
Samuel W. Gahan. George W. Sonder.
Samuel Gilbert. John, Sourren.
( 'harles E. Githen.s. James Staueley.
William Gleason. Francis A. Street.
William H. Griffin. William F. Tarr.
.Fames Hartley. James Thompson.
Charles Helmuth. Edward Van Stavoren.
Samuel Hickman. Isaac Waar.
John Hildebrandt. George L. White.
Isaac N. Hoey. John Wilson.
.Foseph Hofflinger. Richard Wilson.
Abednego Howeth. Theodore F. WiLson.
William Inman. RichnrdT. Wood.
CO.MI'ANV u.
Cplui,,.
John P. V:mi Limt.
Mv-.v/ Lu'Mlnia.id.
George I'^. Wilson.
98
HISTORY OF f'AMT>EX OOT'NTY, XRW JERSEY.
Ensign.
John Willian.
Fi.rat Sfrgeanl.
James A. Duddy.
Si'r(je<intK.
Joseph K. GiddinjrH. Joseph B. Davis.
Joseph P. Busha.
( hrpnrah.
Joseph Morton. .Vden W. Powell.
Daniel W. Giddings. Thomas B. Jordan
Fifer.
Robert Berryman.
Drummer.
John P. Booth.
Henry Astley.
Eli Bailey.
Jesse F. Bailey.
Thomas Bates, Jr.
John Berryman.
Henry Blaek.
James P. Britton.
John Brown.
William Burroughs.
Thomas Calvert.
Joseph Cheeseman.
James M. Cramer.
Eli Crammer.
William Dennington
John Dill.
John Dimon.
Edward Ellis.
•Joseph S! Garretson.
■foseph Garwood.
John Groves.
William Groves.
Andrew Marker.
Henry Harley.
Alexander Harvey,
.lohn Herron.
Benjamin W.Hill.
George II. Holmes.
Michael Hoover.
Edgar Hudson.
Charles Hulings.
Charles Jess.
John C. King.
Privatp^.
Charles E. Lancaster.
William Lanagan.
Matthew Larney.
John Loynd.
Abram Martin.
John E. Maxwell.
Louis Matkensy.
William M. Metz.
William Moss.
John O'Mara.
Samuel Ogden.
John Osborn.
Franklin Pike.
Nathan Rambo.
Henry Rem enter.
Edgar Roby.
William Robust.
Thomas D. Ross.
John Smith.
William D. Smith.
Robert Spink.
Thomas B. Thompson.
James G. Tomlinson.
James Totten.
Augustus Van Fossen.
Joel Whitehead.
William Williamson.
Josepli Wollard.
Frederick Young.
I'eter V. Brow n.
Steward M. Hawkins.
William J. Stone.
First Buic.m)!-: Tiikkf. Yk.xrs' Titooi'.^
— President Ijincoln and his luivi.stM^ did
not long entertain the notion, .so pn^valeiit
up to, and even after the firing upon Sumter,
tiiat the war would be ended and the Sduthern
Confederaey .sulxlued before the summer was
well advaneed. April had not indeed run
out its course before the President was made,
by the logic of events, to comprehend that a
long and desperate civil conflict must be
prepared for and that it would require a tre-
mendous draft upon the men and money of
the nation tosave it from total wreck. The
day for temporizing and half-way military
measures had flown by, aud on May 3, 18fil,
the President called for thirty-nine regiments
of infantry and one of cavalry to serve for
three years or diiriug the war. Although the
number of men thus summoned was so small
in comparison with the hosts of later years,
the length of the term of enlistment is evi-
dence that the government at last appreciated
the magnitude of its task. Governor Olden
did not receive the requisition upon New
Jersey, which was for three regiments of
infantry, until the 17th. More than enough
companies were organized and awaiting the
mustering officer, and the (lovernor, in an-
nouncing this fact to the War Department,
added that '' If the oc-casion required their
services, this State would willingly furnish
twice as many regiments to serve during the
war."
From these companies were formed the
First, Second and Third Kegiments of the
three years' service. They were furnished
with camp and garri.son ecpiipage by the
State, but were armed by the United States.
Company E, Captain Charles N. Pelouzc, of
the First Regiment, Colonel William R.
Montgomery, and Company B, Captain
Heiuy C. (iil)st)n, of the Tiiird, ( 'olonci
(Jeorge W. McLean, were Camden County
volunteers. The three regiment.s left Trenton
on June 28th, and reported to General Scott
at Wa.shington on the following day. Tiieir
movements up to and on the day of the Iwt-
tie of Bull llun have been recorded in llic
history of the three months' men. .Vftcr
that engagement the First and Second went
into camp near .Alexandria, and thither tiie
TIIK WAU FOR TIIK TI.XION.
Tliird was ()r<l<'r(Ml fVcmi Fairfax, where it
had been posted duriiio- the battle.
On July 24tli ({ovenior Olden was not i lied
that the j>()veriiment would accept five aildi-
tioiial regiments, " to be taken, as far as con-
venient, from the three months' men and
otficers just discharged ; and to be organized,
e((uipped and sent forward as fast as single
regiments are ready, on the same terms as
were those already in service." The Fourth
Regimcnit, Colonel James H. Simpson, with
which William R. Hatch, of Camden, went
<iut as major and was j)roinoted to colonel,
was mustered un August 20th, and, with
( 'aptain M'illiam Hexamer's battery, was
t()rwarded t(i the fronton the 21st. It com-
prised in part t()ur full companies rai.sed in
Camden County as follows : A, Captain
Charles Meves ; F, Captain Napoleon B.
Aaron.son ; G, Captain Henry M. Jewett ;
and H, Captain JoJin Reynolds. The regi-
ment camped with the First, Second and
Third near Ale.^andria, aud the four were
early in August combined as the Fir.st New
.Jersey Krigade and placed under the com-
mand of that illustrious and dauutle.ss soldier,
(General Philip Kearny, who had alreadv
distinguished himself as a fighter in Mexico,
Algeria and Italy, and against the Indians
on the frontier, and who.se death at the battle
of Cliantilly, August 30, 18G2, was to deprive
the army of a commander in whom military
skill and personal courage (V)mbined to form
the ideal brigadier. In recalling the grand
reputation which this brigade achieved under
Kearny and other chiefs, it is a most propei-
cause for local pride that Camden ( 'ounty
contributed to its ranks six full companies
that shared in its perils, its victories and its
honors. They were among the men who
had so endeared themselves to his lion heart,
that when he was offered the command of
Sumner's division he refused to acce]>t it
because he would not be permitted to take
his Jersey regiments with him.
The Third Regiment received its baptism
of lire in an ambuscade in which il tell at
Cloud's Mills on August 29th, and on Sep-
tember 29th, Kearny had tlu' whole brigade
out for a reconnoi.s.sance of the enemy's lines at
Mason's Hill. On October 14th a detach-
ment of the First emi)tied several saddles of
a Confederate cavalry force which it encoun-
tered, and lost three oi' four killed. After
spending the winter inactively the brigade,
wliich was attached to General William H.
Franklin's division, was, on March 7, 1X02,
pushed towards Manassas, the First Regi-
ment, which had been the last to leave C(;n-
treville on the retreat of Julv 21, lS(j|,
having the honor of being the first to occupy
the place on the second advant-e.
On the 10th the brigade colors were
unfurled over the abandoned Confederate
works at Manassas, eight liompanies of the
Third leading the advance. On iVIeClellan's
preparations to transfer the army to the
\^irginia Peninsula the Jer.sey regiments,
which had been placed in the P^irst Division
of the First Army Corps, moved to Catlett's
Station, where they remained from April 7th
to the 1 1th, w'hen they retraced their steps
to Alexandria and embarked for York Point,
York River, on the 17th. May 5th they
advanced to ^\'est Point under command of
Colonel Taylor, Kearny having been pro-
moted to the command of the division, aud
on the night of that day the First Regiment
captured at a charge and held a position
which two New York regiments had ])rove(l
unabh' to maintain. Its gallantry was testi-
fied to by a correspondent of the Neir York
Timcn, who wrote that " The line was as firm
as a division in a columu at review. Colonel
McAllister, when the enemy broke, bravely
pursued them some distance. This firm and
determined movement decided the ri'snlt,
and the rebels made good their n^treat."
These minor plays on the great chess-l)oard
of the campaign had fitted Taylor aud liis
men for the first of the important battles in
which thev were destined to enter. On June
100
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NE^Y .lERSEY.
27th they left camp on the south side of tlie
Chickaliominy liiver, and crossing that dark
and sluggisii stream at Woodbury's bridge,
plunged into the thick of the fight at Gaines'
Mills, where Fitz-Johu Porter's aud Mc-
Call's lines were giving way under the
impact of the enemy's pressure. (Swinging
full into the face of the Confederate musketry
and artillery fire, the brigade fought the
rebels at a distance of four hundred yards
and was badly hurt, until Taylor ordered a
charge that drove them out of the woods iuto
an open field, where he met their reserves
au(] was compelled to fall back. The Fourth
Regiment, four companies of which were
Camden men, was sent into the woods by
order of one of McClellan's aids, and there
sustained the brunt of a fight at close quarters.
Five hundred of its number were taken
prisoners. Colonel Simpson was one of the
unfortunates, and in letters dated from prison
in Richmond he thus described the action
and sequel, —
"The regiment was posted in the wood to sustain
the centre in the battle near Gaines' Mill, and
nobly did it hold its ground until about an hour
after the right and left wings of the army had
fallen back. Mine and the Eleventh Connecticut
were the last to leave the front, and only did so
when we foiuid that the rest of the army had
given way and we were literally surrounded by
the infantry and batteries of the Confederate
forces. Being in the woods, and trusting to our su-
perior officers to inform us when to retreat, and
not being able to see, on account of the woods,
what was going on towards our right and left,
we continued fighting an hour, probably, after
every other regiment had left the ground. The
consequence was inevitable. We were surrounded
by ten times our number, and though we could
have fought until every man of us was slain, yet
humanity, and, as I think, wisdom, dictated that
we should at last yield."
In a snb.sequent letter to his wile. Colonel
Simpson stated that fifty-three enli.sted men
were killed and one hundred and twentv-oiie
wounded, out of the si.x hundred whom lie
took into action. Captain Meves, of Com-
pany A, was killed, and Lieutenant Charles
Meyer, of the .same company, wounded. The
brigade had gone into the fight with twenty-
eight hundred in its ranks, and but nine
hundred and sixty-five answered to their
names when the roll was called in camp at
midnight. The First Regiment lost twenty-
one killed, including Major David Hatfield;
seventy-eight wounded and sixty missing'
The Third had thirty-four killed, one hun-
dred and thirty-six wounded and thirty-five
missing. Lieutenant-Colonel McAllister, in
his report of the participation of the former
command in the battle, spoke of Captain
Pelouze, of the Camden company, as one of
whom " too much cannot be .said in prai.se."
During the night after the battle the shat-
tered brigade recrossed to the right bank of
the Chickahominy, and at midnight of the
■J8th took up the line of retreat b}' way of
Savage Station and White Oak Swamp to
James River. A sharp fight occui'red at
White Oak Creek, where the Jerseymen oc-
cupied a position of peril between the oppos-
ing lines, and were lucky to escape damage
by hugging the ground as the shells fiew over
them. They passed Malvern Hill on July 1st
without being called into the battle then rag-
ing, and reached Harrison's Landing, on the
James River, on the morning of the 2d.
On August 24th the brigade landed at Al-
exandria, McClellau having abandoned the
Peninsula and transferred his array by water
to the Potomac. Three days afterward it was
pushed forward to Bull Run Bridge and the
old battle-field. The First Regiment had
three hundred men fit for duty ; the Second,
two hundred and fifty; the Third, throe iiun-
dred aud seventy-five ; and the Fourth, sev-
enty-five. On this day, the 27th, the open-
ing of Pope's battle of Bull Run, it fought
for several hours a nuich superior force of
Stonewall Jackson's corps, losing nine killed
and three hundred and ten wounded, missing
and pr'isoners. Colonel Taylor was severely
wounded, and died on September 1st. Com-
pelled to relinquish the field, the brigade re-
THK WAK FOi; TIIK IXION.
101
tired to Cloiid's Mills, hut in a week was on
the mareh again witli McCMellan's pursuit of
Lee into^Iaiyland, Colonel A. T. A. Torhert
iiaving succeeded Taylor in command. < )n
September 14tli it won the battle of C'ranip-
tou's Gap by a splendid charge up the side
of a steep acclivity, capturing enough Spring-
field rifles to arm the Fourth Regiment,
which had been equipped with smooth bores.
This regiment, which had lost its colors at
(Jaines" Mill, captured two stands of rebel
colors at ("rampton's Gap. At the battle of
Antietam, on the 11th, it relieved Sumner's
corps at midnight and was not actually en-
gaged, although it was for six hours exposed
to a hot artillery fire. At Fredericksburg,
December 13th and 14th, it saw hard fight-
ing on the left of the line, and Colonel Wil-
liam B. Hatch was fatally wounded in lead-
ing the Fourth Regiment to an assault. Pre-
vious to this the Fifteenth and Twenty-
fourth Regiments had been added to the
brigade and it had been placed in the Sixth
Corps. At Chancellorsville, cm May •"., l.Sli.'!,
it was for two hours and a half engaged with
Longstreet's veterans near Salem Church,
and the casualties footed up five hundred and
eleven men killed, wounded and missing.
In the battle of Gettysburg it embraced
the First, Second, Third and Fifteenth Regi-
ments and Hexamer's battery, the Fourth
Regiment lieing on provost duty at Wash-
ington. It was on the picket line during the
decisive fighting of July od, and on the .")th
joined in the pursuit of Lee.
While (irant was marshaliug the army
for the grand advance, the Tenth New Jersev
Regiment was assigned to the brigade. C'om-
pany A, Captain Isaac W. Mickle ; Company
E, Captain George W. Scott; Company II,
Captain John R. C/unuingham, and Company
I, Captain John Coates, were recruited in
( 'amden. The brigade had three days of
tightiug in the Wilderness during the first
week of May, 1804, and ou the 10th took
part in the celebrated charge on the Confed-
erate works near S[)oftsylvania, in which a
thousand prisoners and several guns were
ca]iturcd. On the 12th it was in the furious
assault of that day and the subsecjuent struggle
over the rebel entrenchments, " the intense
fury, lieroism and horror of which," Edward
A. Pollard wrote, " it is imjwssible to de-
scribe." This was the awful and stubborn
contest in " the bloody angle," and no com-
mand suffered a heavier loss than did the
live Jersey regiments. They were driven
from and retook the Gait House on the 14th,
and until the 18th were participants in
skirmishes along the North Anna and Tolo-
potomy Rivers. At Cold Harbor, June 1st
to 3d, they were constantly under fire. The
terms of service of the First and Third
Regiments had expired on May 2.^d, l)nt
tliey remained at the front to take part in the
battle of Cold Harljor. They reached Tren-
ton on June 7th, and were mustered out ou
June 23d. Of the two thousand and sixty-
eight officers and enlisted men who had left
the State capital on June 28, 1861, only three
hundred and forty returned for muster out,
of whom one hundred aud thirty-nine be-
liinged to the First and two hundred and one
to the Third Regiment. The Fourth, with
the exception of the men who had re-enlisted,
returned from the front August 19, 1864,
and was mustered out on the next day ; it
came back with four hundred and twenty-
four privates and officers, while it had taken
one thousand and thirty-four to the field three
years before. The re-enlisted men of the
First and Third, which ceased to exist as or-
ganizations, were at first transferred to the
Fourth and Fifteenth, but were subsequently
consolidated into the First, Second and
Third Battalions, and, with the Fourth,
Tenth and Fifteenth Regiments from that
time until February, I860, constituted the
First Brigade. The Fourth tiuis kept u|) its
organization through its re-enlisted men, and
thus has an unbroken history until the termi-
nation of the war.
102
HTSTOI'.Y OF ('AMI»KN COUNTV. NKW .IRRSKY.
In July, 1X04, the brigade wa.s sent witli
tlie Sixth Corps to check Pearly in the Shen-
andoaii Valley, and on August 17th delayed
his advance for six lioursat Winchester. On
September 1 !ttli it was in the direct assault
upon tiie rel)el front at (^pequaii, and was
gallantly instrumental in sending the enemy
" whirling up the valley." On the 22d, at
Fisher's Hill, it repeated its achievement,
and at the battle of Cedar Creek, on Octol)er
19th, it formed on the left of the line and
fought steadily to maintain its ground, but
was finally overwhelmed and forced to retire.
When Sheridan, however, arrived upon tlie
scene and turned defeat into victory it re-
formed and did its duty in the charge that
repulsed Early and ended the war in the
valley. On December 1st it rejoined the Army
of the Potomac; April 2, 1865, it helped
to take the Confederate entrenchments on the
Boydton Plank-Road, in front of Peters! )urg,
and it was close to Appomattox when Lee's
surrender was made. Thence it was ordered
to Danville, Va., and not until May 24th
did it march through Richmond on its way
northward. On June 2d it fncami)ed five
miles from Washington, where the regiments
were mustered out. At Trenton they were
dissolved, and this scarred and storied com-
mand ceased to exist.
The following i.s the roster of the original
companies raised in Camden County tiial
were assigned to the l)rigade:
CDMI'ANV K, FIKST KKlJIMKXI' NKW .IKHSKV VOL-
UNTEERS.
rriiis oomiKiDj wua iimstcred in May 23, ISOl, unil ii»islfi-i-U uiil
Willi regiment, unless otherwise staterl.]
C'liiii-les JS. Pelouze, res. Nov. 8, '02.
Kiiiiuis B. Holt, Nov. ti, '61, res. Nov. 27, 'H2.
First Lieuterwnts.
James J5. Shields.
A. Stewart Taylor, Nov. tl, '01, res. iNov. ;27, '02.
11. M. GilliiiHii, Nov. 27, '62, vice Taylor, res.
Second Lieutenants.
.N.W.Siiiill), Dec. 10, '02, pro. 1st lieut. Co. A, Feb.
Joseph Fergusou, Feb. la, '63, par. pris-
I'trxt Sergrantf.
E. K. RaiiLsey, pro. 2d lieut. Co. (!, Feb. 13, '(i3.
W. E. Vanderslice, Mar. 1, '63, dis. June 29, 05.
Edward A. Herman, dis. Oct. 21, '62.
Ser(jnants.
Peter A. Grum, Dec. 8, '62.
Samuel W. Lesenby.
William H. Good. "
William H. Gilbert, dis. Sept. 12, '62.
Benjamin H. Roby, dis. May 15, '65.
Corjiortds.
August Mulhan, dis. June 29, '65.
John W. Fisher.
Oscar Greslius, May 21, '61.
Conrad Mace, dis. June 23, '65.
John C. Zanders, died July 0, '02, of wounds.
Jacob Ristine, killed June 27, '62.
Wm. McCombe, killed Aug. 17, '64.
Frederick C. Schwarze, killed June 27, '62.
Henry Bechtel, killed May 3, '63.
Henry K. Patton, died June 5, '64, of wounds.
Daniel Logan, killed April 2, '(55.
Edward Stehr, dis. Nov. 6, '62.
Augustus B. Conrad, musician, dis. June 29, '65.
John W. Wilson, musician.
James H. Pimlotte, wagoner.
F'rii-ate.i.
George Adams, killed May 5, '64.
Charles Alfred.
David Anderson.
William R. Anderson.
Charles T. Anthony.
Joseph Ailt, dis. Oct. 7, '62.
Stewait H. Allshouse. dis. to joiu regular army.
John Brown, killed Sept. 14, '62.
Fk. M. Brown, Sept. 4, '62, must, out June 22, 65.
■Jacob Krunsholly, dis. Jan. 27, "63.
John Bruden, dis. Feb. 6, '63.
Benjamin Budil, killed June 27, '02.
James H. Carney.
Fred. Cappell, must, out Oct. 17, '65.
Joseph Cortledge, Nov. 26, '63; dis July 22, '65.
Samuel Cline, dis. Nov. 4, '02.
Albert Clingmau, killed June 27, '62.
Joseph Coners,Sept. 15, '62.
William Cook, killed August 27, '62.
Thomas Dalton, dis. Nov. 1, '62.
Christopher Dice, dis. June 23, '64.
Joseph E. Dilks, killed Sep. 14. '62.
Jacob Dillshaver, Sep. 19, '62, dis. Jan. in. '03.
Daniel Driggils, killed May 0, 'M.
Joseph 11. Dutton, dis. Dec. 9, '03,
John Fitzgerald, dis. Oct. 3, '62.
Joseph W. Foster.
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
lOS
James Gilespy, killed .Fune 27. '«"J.
Wm. Gratz, ciis. Oct. 12, 't;i.
Joseph Groskinsky, died of wounds.
Wm. L. Hartman.
Chas. Hexamer, Sept. 30, "fil, must, out Oct. 4,"64.
John Hill, May 23, 'Ol, dis. April 3, '65.
Jacob Hill, dis. Mav 23. '64.
Martin Hoefle.
James Hook.
Ralph Hopwood
Daniel N. Hyder, dis. Dec. 23, '63.
Conrad Hoover, Jan. 2r>, '64.
George W. Hoquet, dis. Oct. 28, '62, wounds.
Wm. Irion, must, out .\n)r. 10, '6.i.
Thomas Jacobs.
Andrew .T. Jorden.
Andrew J. Joline. trans, to Co. E, 4th Reg.
.Tohn H. Kelly, must, out June 29, '65.
Chas. Leonhardt. Feb. 25, '64, dis. March 24, '64.
Chas. Long. must, out June 20, '65.
Edward Lunny, dis. March 23, '62.
Alfred A. Maulin, died Feb. 23, '63.
John Mertz, Jan. 26, '64.
Seth S. Mead.
John McDonald, dis Sept. 12, '01.
Edward McDowell, dis. July 26, '62.
Charles McLaughlin, dis. Jan. 16, '63, of wounds.
.Alexander McGaukey, killed June 27, '62.
P. McLaughlin, Aug, 27,'62, tr. to V.R.C. Sept.l ,'63,
Edwin Miles, died Nov. 26, '62.
Samuel Miller.
Charles Munzing, Feb. S, 'H2, died Dec, 20, '03,
(.'harles Murray,
William Neville,
Patrick Nolao, killed June 27, '62.
Charles P. Norton, died of wounds.
Alexander Oldham, killed June 27, '62.
Michael O'Regan, died May 16, '62.
Gutthelf Osterday, must, out Aug. 2, '65.
Simon Peter, must, out Aug. 2, '65.
W. Pos.ser, Aug. 28,'62, tr. to U. S. N. Apr. |.s,'04.
.Facob H. Plume, dis. May 12, '63.
John H. Redtield, dis. July 0, '05, of woiiiids,
Edward C. Reed, dis. Feb. 2t;, '03, of wounds,
Thomas Russell.
Adam Schiela, must, out June 2!), '05.
August Schwarze, killed June 27, '02.
.lohn Skyrni.
George Sproud.
.lohn C, Stow, dis. May 23, 'i;4.
(Charles Sparks, killed May 0, '04.
William H. Swope.
Peter Sweeny, dis. Aug. 16, '03.
Jacob Tehr, dis. July 25, '05.
Nathaniel M. Wolf, dis. Oct. 3, '02.
Christopher Weedmiui, must, onl .Inne 2'.\ '05.
.lacob S. Wheeler,
William H, Wheaten.
Emerick Whitman,
(jharles Yeager, killed June 27, '02,
George W, Young, dis. Fob, 24, '63.
Nicholas Yeager.
rOMPANY B, THIRD liEl.lMF.NT NF.W .IKKSKY VOI,-
rNTEEKS (tHKKF. YE.-MfS).
IThi^.-.inipany »as must.Toil iu Mn.v '.i, IM.l, uii.l iuii«tvi".l ..nl
,I.itic 2.i, lKi;t,milPw..th.Twiw st,it.-.l|,
Henry C, Gibson, res, .\ug, 21, 1X02,
Richard D, Cook, Sept, 20, '02 ; res, Feb. 10, '63.
.lohn Frantz, Feb. 17, 1803.
Firaf fAiiilnuuil^.
David Vickers, Jr., pro. tocapt.Co. \ May 31, 01.
Franklin L. Knight, May 20i, '01 ; pro. lieut.-col.
24th N. J. Regt. Sept. 12, 1802.
Wm. N. Evans, Dec. 1.'^,'01: died of wds, July 14,'02.
David Fairly, July 1 , '02 ; pro, to adjt, July 14, '02,
Griffith W, Carr, Sept, 13. 1802; pro, to cajit, ( V.,
K, 28d Regt., April 18, 1863.
Abraham M. Salmon, Oct. 15, 1863.
Second Lieutenants.
Baldwin Hufty, Jan. 6, 1862; pro. 1st lieut. Co. E
Aug, 13, 1862,
Oscar Westlake, Aug, 13, '62 ; pro, 1st lieut, Co, 1)
Dec. 10, '02.
James Dalzell, Dec. 10. '02, pro. from sergt. Co. D.
Fii-K/ Senjeanlx.
Howard S. Vandegrift, killed May 3, '63.
Mathias Lambson, pro. 2d lieut. Co. E July 16, '62.
John S, Clark.
Sf.riie.antx.
Hamilton Johnson.
Geo. T. Westcott, pro. 2d lient. Co. COct. 16, '62.
Nathan C. Jones.
Fred. Mervine, killed in action May 8, 1.S04.
Rich. A. Curtis, pro. 2d lieut. Co. C .luly 3, 1802.
William Page, disch. Oct. 27, 1802.
William H. Suiith.
Wm. B.Philips, disch. Nov. 5, 1802.
( 'has. A. McClung, pro. sergt.-maj. Sept. 5, 1862.
Samuel B. Pine, traus. to V. R. C-
(\,ri,<irals.
Fred. W. Sowby.
William J. Mills.
Thomas W. Clark.
Edwin Phillips, disch. Sept. 18, 1862.
John M. Lewis, disch. Oct. 17, 1802.
Arthur H. Merry, killed iu action June 27, I Wi2.
Wni. Ross, died of wds. May 14, 1803.
John K. Frankish, killed in action May '.I, 1804.
104
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Wm. B. Smith, killed in action May 12, 1864.
Wm. Marsh, musician, disch. Jlay 17, \><(i^.
.Tona. Demaris, musician, disch. March SO. \siv>.
Wm. A. Shinn, wagoner.
James Ro.ss, wagoner.
Prii'atfs.
Adam Adams, killed in action June 27, 1S62.
John Blair, trans, to V. R. C.
Armand Bressillon.
Charles Bressillon, disch. Oct. 4, 1862.
Samuel Broadhurst, disch. June 29, 1865.
Geo. S. Bromley.
Newton M. Brooks.
Edward Browning, died of wounds May 12, '64.
Patrick Burns, disch. June 6, '65.
John L. Campbell, Nov. 21, '62; dis. July 13, Tv'i.
Theodore Casper, disch. Nov. 11, '61.
Mordecai Clossen, disch. Jan. 31, '63.
John W. Coates.
John Conway.
Francis W. Coull, disch. (disability) Dec. 3, '62.
Allen Coull, killed in action June 27, '62.
Titus Crawshaw, disch. Nov. 19, '62.
Henry De Ford, disch. Dec. 20, '62.
Edward Y. Diament, disch. Dec. 8, 1862.
James Dillon, disch- June 29, 1865.
Henry Edwards, must, in Dec. 17, 1862.
Jehu Evaus, Jr., pro. 1st lieut. Co. A, 4th Regt.
Charles F. Fackler, disch. May 20, 1862.
Thomas D. Farris, disch. March 19, '63.
August Fisher, must, out June 29, 1865.
Peter J. Fox, killed in action May 12, 1864.
Wm. Gibson, disch. Aug. 16, '65.
H. H. Goldsmith, pro. to 2d lieut. Co. A, 23d Regt.
Thompson Gordon.
Henry Gorman.
John Hamberger, Jan. 7, '62 ; disch. Jan. 21, '65.
Mahlon Harden,
.fohn T. Harrison.
John Harkinson.
Wm. T. Harvey, disch. March 29, '62.
James Henry.
Brockington IloUis.
James Hollingsworth, died of wds. Oct. 30, '62.
Lewis C. Hong, killed in action .(une 1, '64.
Joseph C. Johnston, disch. Nov, 8, '62.
.Toseph King, disch. tJct. 6. '62.
(ieorge W. Loughlin, disch. May 13, '63.
John G. LewalliM,Sept. 11, '61 ; disch. Feb. 11. '63.
Ehvood l>()ck, died of wds. June 28, '()2.
Martin Lokcman, Oct. 10, '62; disch. July 10, '6.').
Nathaniel P. Long, must, in Oct. 18, '62.
Albert Lukens, disch. June 16, '64.
J. Harrison Lupton, disch. Sept. 16, '62.
Alfred Marshland, disch. April 11, '63.
Samuel Martin, disch. April 19, '63.
.lohn D. McCoy, Jan. 10, '62; died July 21, '62.
.lohn McLees, died of wds. June 30, '62.
Martin McNully, killed in action May 3, '63.
John D. McWey, disch. Sept. 3, "65.
Theodore W. Merrihew.
Archibald Neimo.
John M. Phillips.
Thomas L. Phillips, disch. Sept. 24, '62.
George G. Ricker, Jan. 6, '62 ; disch. June 28, '65.
Charles Robinson, disch. .June 29, '65.
Franklin Robinson, died Nov. 24, '63.
Nathaniel P. Senz, must, in Oct. 18, '62.
Philip Shank.
Peter Sherris, Sept. 16, '61 ; disch. Aug. 13, '62.
Benj. F. Shinn, trans, to Co. G.
Geo. Shade, must, in Dec. 5, '62.
Grisby H. Snow.
John W. Slocum, disch. Feb. 23, '63.
Charles H. Smith, disch. July 28, '62.
Cooper Smith, disch. Dec. 2, '62.
John Spence.
Thomas C. Surran.
Albert Talmadge.
.Tos. R. Taylor, Jan. 10, '62; disch. June 29. '65.
J. Fred. Taylor, disch. April 10, '62.
Stephen Tomkinson, killed in action Dec. 4, '61.
Armand Trimble, disch. May 20, '62.
Edward Trussell, disch. Feb. 1 1, '63.
Alex. J. Walker, died of wds. May 12, '63.
Erasmus R. Webb, disch. July 7, '64.
S. Williams, Sept. 12, '61; trans, to Co. B, 15th Rgl.
Wallace Williams, trans to U. S. Navy.
Jacob Wise, must, out June 23, '64.
Thomas Westtiill, disch. Sept. 13, '61.
Robt. F. Wood, disch. Sept. 15, '62.
Charles H. Wright, must, in Jan. 21, '62.
Wm. T. G. Young, disch. May 31, '64.
COMPANY A, KOHRTH REOIMENT NEW .lERSEY
VOLUNTEEES.
[Thiti .■..iiipiiny was iiiUBtPieil in August, 0. 18G1, and nniBt.Tcd out
«'itli n-jiinii-nt unless otherwise statpd.]
Cltpi'lillH.
Charles Meves, killed in action June 27, '62.
Charles Meyer, Aug. 30, '62, vice Meves, killed.
Josiah Shaw, Aug. 9, '63.
Klias Wright, Dec. 13, '62 ; pro. to niaj. 1'. S. ( '.
.Tcibn \L Crammer. Nov. 2f>, 'ii4.
FIrM JJeHtciianfs.
J. Kvans, Jr.,Aug. 30, '62; pro. toadjt. Nov. 26. ■<;2.
Cha.s. H. Hatch, Nov. 26, '62 ; res. ^iar. 29, '64.
Frank Iv Mailey. April 24, 'M.
Lcaiidcr Brevier, Feb. 2, '65; pr... lu adj. .1 iiiir 4. 'iy>
Peter lianning, .hinc 4, 'iW).
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
105
Sfconil Lirutennnfs.
Charles Lisenbarth, res. Sept. 13, '61.
Fritz W. Schroeder, Sept. 21, '61 ;clis. Oct. 11, '62.
Eclwd. M. Anderson, Nov. -i, '62 ; pro. 1st It. Co. K,
Nov. 12, '63.
Griffin P. Lillis, Jan. 31, 6.5 ; pro. 1st lieut. Co. H.
.Tune 4, '65.
First Sf'ri/ean/.
Samuel R. Keeler, Aug. 17, '61.
Srrr/t'anfa.
.Joseph Brady.
George Wilson, Dec. 8, '64.
Erail Jaerin, Jan. 3, '65.
Frederick Wool, disch. Mar. 1 2, '63.
Theodore Krugg, disch. Aug. 8, '62, of wounds.
Chas. Helmouth, disch. May 3, '64, of wounds.
John Greipp.
.John Mergenthaler.
Theodore Schreiber, trans, to V. R. C.
Corporals.
.Joseph Lippe, disch. Feb. 16, '62.
Louis Deike, Aug. 22, '61 ; disch. April 24, '63.
Edward Dike, disch. Sept. 16, '61.
Gottfried Whitman.
Thomas Desmond, Aug. 13, '61.
.John O'Neil, Jan. 11, '65 ; killed in ac. Ap. 2, "65.
John Miller, disch. May 31, '64, of wounds.
Joseph Schlatter, killed in action May 6, '64.
Jean G. Veltier, disch. Aiig. 14, '62-
George Schuh, disch. Fel). 16, '63.
Adam Rickerts.
.John Lynch, Dec. 15, '64.
.John H. Reardon, Jan. 12, '65.
Jos. Harding, Feb. 16, '64 ; disch. July S, '65.
Jos. Hodgeson, Sept. 29, '64; disch. May 17, '65.
Saml. Hill, musician, Aug. 12, '63.
Robt. Clow, mus., Sept. 15, '62 ; disch. May 17, 65.
Charles I>yons, wagoner, .\ug. 13, '61.
Prirales.
Christian Adelar, died July 8, '62, in Andsonville.
Andw. Anderson, Mar. 3, '65 ; disch. July 9, '65.
John Adshead, disch. July 7, '65.
David Batthalia, Dec. 30, '64; disch. July !», '65.
Frederick Bauer, disch. .July 18, '65.
Otto Bender, Aug. 22, '61 ; killed in ac. .June 27, '62.
Lewis Binder, disch. Oct. .30, '62
John Britton, Jan. 11, '65.
George Brombacher, disch. Feb. 18, '63.
John Brown (1), Dec. 30, '64 ; disch. July 9, '65.
John Brown (2), Jan. 18, '65 ; disch. July '.\ '65.
.James Brown, Jan. 16, '65.
Wm. Brown, Dec. 7, '64; died Feb. i), '65.
Christian Burger, disch. June 6, '()2.
John Burghart, killed in action June 27, '62.
14
John'Barr, Jan. 12, '65.
Michael Cavanagh, .Jan. 5, '65.
Jame.^ Chester, Jan. 5, '65.
George Clark, Mar. 30, '65.
John Clark, Jan. 17, '65 ; disch. \\>n\ 28, '65.
Albert Clement, disch. Dec. 25, '62.
Robt. Corson, Jan. 5, '64 ; disch. .July [\ '6">.
Alfred Conklin, Sept. 2, '62 ; disch. .-Vug. 25, '(i4.
Geo. Cowpe, Sept. 30, '64; disch. May 17, '6.">.
Peter Cox, died Jan. 1, '65.
.John Deihl, Jan^ 25, '64; killed in ac June 3, 'ii4.
Christian DiehT.
John Dickinson, Jan. 12, '65
John Diehl, disch Mar. 3, '62.
Henry Dietrich, March 25, '65; disch. .July S', '65.
Martin Effinger, died .\pril 12, '62.
John EIrah, Aug. 27. '62 ; died Jan. 3, '65.
Andw. Faudre. April 8, '65; disch. .luly Ki, '(;.">.
Francis Fecht, disch. March 3], '62.
Frederick Killian.
Charles Fessman.
Heinrich Finger, disch. Aug. 19, '64.
Frederick Fisher, Dec. 28, '64 ; disch. July 9, '65.
Jacob Fleck, disch. Dec. 24, '62.
Christian Floel. March .30, '65 ; disch. May 3, '65.
Jacob Fox, August 22, '61 ; disch. Jan. 20, '63.
.Jacob Gallatin, disch. Jan. 4, '62.
Henry Gollman, April 7, '63; disch. April 14, '63.
.John Gundling, disch. Dec. 3, '62.
Fjudwig Gundling, died Nov. 15, '63.
.Jolm Haines, Jan. 4, '65.
Gilmore Hall, Jan. 4, '65; disch. July 9, '65.
Charles Hambrecht, died Nov. 8, '62, of wounds.
John Hart, Jan. 10, '65.
George Hays, Jan. 11, '65; disch. July 9, 'i\i).
Ernest Hassenbein, Dec. 12, '64.
Valentine Henricus, killed in action May 12, '64.
George Hetchner, killed in action May 6, '64.
Emanuel Herbert.
Charles Heitman, disch. March 3, '62.
James Hines, Dec. 29, '64; disch. July 9, '65.
Jacob Hirsch.
Geo. Holzmann, Aug. 22, '61 ; disch. Dec. 19, '62.
Andw. J. Hopkins, July 8, '64 ; disch. July 9, '65.
Jacob Hucke.
Patk. Hurley, Sept. 28, '64; disch. May 17, 'tM.
Thomas Jackson, Dec. 19, '62.
John Jack, Oct. 7, '64; trans, to Company 1).
Charles Jacobson, Dec. 9, '64; disch. July 9, '65.
John Kane, Jan. 12, '65; disch. July 9, '65.
Philip Keifer, Aug. 22, '61 ; disch. Aug. 20, '64.
James Kelly, Jan. 10, '65; trans, to Company I.
Christopher Kiefer, disch. Aug. 15, '61.
John F. Killmer, Dec. 20, '64; disch. July 9, '65.
Herman Kisshauer, Jan. 7, '65; disch. June, '65.
106
HISTORY OF CAMBEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Edward Krause, disch. June Iti, 'Bo.
Christian Krause, di.sch. March 21, '63.
Rudolph Klctfer, disch. Aug. 15, '62.
Wendle Kunlz, disch. Sept. 26, '62.
John Lawson, Jan. 6, '65 ; disch. July 9, '66.
John Lenk.
Francis Leonard, January 16, '6.5.
John Louis, killed in action June 27, '62.
Charles Lutz, disch. Sept. 26, '62.
John McCarty, Jan. 10, '65; disch. July 9, '65.
Lawrence McDonald, Jan. 11, '65-. ■
Thos. McMahon, Auit. 29, '61 ; disch. .Ian. 30, '6.3.
George Met/..
Ceorge Millar, disch. May 14, '63.
Fred'k Mondinger, March 25, '65; di.sch. July 9, '65.
Wm. W. Morse, March 24, '65; disch. July 9, '65.
Gustavus Moses, March 25, '65.
Michael Murphy, Jan. 13, '65; disch. July 9, '65.
Leopold Myers, Dec. 9, '64; trans, to Battery A.
Leonard Nargaug.
John Nelson, Dec. 7, '64.
Wm. F. Neshit, Jan. 11, '65 ; trans, to West'n A'y-
John G. Nutt, Jan. 4, '65 ; disch. June 12, '65.
Wm. J. Tarkhill, Aug. 10, '64 ; disch. June 22, '65.
Charles Randolph, March 24, '65.
Allen Rathtbrd, Jan. 6, '65.
Henry Reinhardt, disch. Sejit. 13, '62.
Ludwig Reinhardt, disch. Sept. 13, '62.
Michael Rielly, Aug. 17, '(!4, disch. June 22, '65.
Charles Riley, Aug. 17, '64; trans. toV. R. C.
.Facob Rhode, killed in action June 27, '62.
Albert Ross, Jan. 12, '65 ; disch. July 9, '65.
John Ryan, Feb. 13, '64 ; disch. July 9, '65.
.lames Rice, Jan. 5, '65.
William Riley, Jan. 10, '65.
.lames Rogers, Dec. 7, '64.
Conrad Rosch, disch. April 23, '63.
George Roth, disch. .Fan. 3, '63.
Johaii Roth, disch. Jan. 3, '63.
.lohn Schack.
George Schick.
Joseph Scherm.
John Schmidt.
David W. Schneider, .Ian. 22, '62.
George Schneider, Jan. 10, '65.
.Joseph Schneider.
.John P. Schuster, Jan. 22, '64.
Frederick Schneider, Dec. 13, '64, dis. .Inly 9, '65.
Joseph Schaler, Mar. 30, '64.
Sebastian Schauh, dis. Mar. 21, 'i)3.
William Schneider, dis. Mar. 10, '62.
Michael Srhiiepp, dis. April 30, '62.
Conrad Seibolt, dis. Nov. 3, '62.
Joseph Shaw, Oct. 3, '64, dis. July 9, '(>5.
Henry Sherbrook, Jan. 6, '65, dis. July 9, '65.
Solomon Smallwood, Jan. 6, '64, dis. July 9, '65.
James Smith, Aug. 11, '63, dis. May 3, '65.
John Smith, .Ian. 16, '65.
Sebastian Smith, Jan. 2, '64.
William Smith, .Ian. 13, '65.
William Souville, Jan. 16, '65.
William B. Smith, Jan. 10, '65, trans, to Co. G.
Henry Strick, dis. Jan. 14, '62.
William Sweuson, Jan. 5, '65, dis. July 9, '65.
William Spitz, dis. April 29. '62.
.Tohn.son Stockton, dis. Aug. 15, '61.
George Treide, dis. Dec. 25, '62.
William Tyler, Jan. 11, '65.
Christopher Ulrich, died Oct. 29, '62.
Jacob Vanvaler, Aug. 5, '64, dis. July 9, '65.
Charles Wagner, Jan. 12, '65, dis. May 3, '65.
August Weinknecht, dis. Oct. 29, '62.
Jesse Wheeler, dis. Aug. 23, '64.
Charles H. White, Feb. 6, '62, dis. Nov. 2, '62.
Peter Williams, Dec. 7, '64, killed April 2, '65.
Christopher Williams, Jan. 12, '65, dis. July 9, '65.
John White, July 7, '64, died April 22, '65, of wds.
Charles Woerner, dis. Jan. 10, '63.
John Watson, Jan. 5, '65.
F/dward Waugh, .Jan. 10, '65.
Andrew Wesler.
Christopher Wester.
James Wilson (1), .\ug. U, '63.
James Wilson (2), Dec. 13, '64.
.lames Wilson (3),. Tan. 16, '65.
Samuel Wilson, Jan. 6, '65.
John F. Wilson, Dec. 12, '64, dis. July 9, '65.
Herman Woerner, Mar. 25, '65, dis. .July 9, '65.
John Wcdfe, Dec. 10, '64, dis. July 9, '65.
John Woerner, died at Andersonvillc .\ug. 9, '64.
.'Vnthony Wolf, died Aug. I, '62.
John Wolfe, Dec. 10, '64, dis. July 9, '65.
Charles Wood, Dec. 12, '64, dis. July 9, 'I15.
<<)MP.\NY F, FOURTKKNTH REUIMENT NKW .IKRSF.Y
VOLITNTEEKS.
[TliiF (■.iriiiiiiuj- was mustered in August 1.1, Im'il, and iiiuMli'ivil oul
August 17, lsr,4, iinless iithorwisu statod.j
Captains.
N. R. Aaronson, Aug. 17, '61, res. Sept. 23. '62.
Samuel M. Gaul, Oct. 13, '62, iv'cf .Varonson, res.
•Joseph S. Heston, .Juno 4, 'Ij^f, vice Gaul. must. out.
Firaf. lyieuttnants.
T.M. Fetter, Aug. 17,'61,p. capt. Co. K l)ec.2l,'61.
J. M. Pearson, Dec. 21, '61, p. capt. Co. K .Ian. S,'6:!.
H. W. .lackson, Jan. 8, '63, p. brt. lieut.-col. Mar.
13, '(;5.
Srcdud JAeiileiHiiits.
V. G. Aaron.soM, Aug. 17, '(!1, res. Sciit. 26, '62.
W. McElhaney, May 16, '63, pro. adjt. July 7, '63.
D. R. F"orgus, Jan. 31, '65, resigned June 14, '65.
TIfK WAli FOR THE UNION.
107
Frank E. Mailey, pro. 1st lieut. Co. A, Apl. -M, 'i)4.
John Diuioud, killed in action .Tnni' 27, "(i2.
David D. Hamell.
Jacob V. Nesson, niiist. out July ;», '(i.'>.
.Vshlcy H. Lui'Ms, jm-o. c|. m.-scrgt. May I, 't;."i
SiryediilK.
Samuel J. Fenner.
James C. Sloane, pro. i,. in.-sergt. (Jt-t. -'o, '(!!.
Tlmmas W. Mooiiey, pro. sgt. -major Nov. 4, 'til .
.lames Houghtaling, must, out July 12, 'B.'),
Josejili B. Holmes, must, out July i>, '(i;">.
William ('oote, pro. sgt. -major May I, 'liri.
(ieorge I. (Jesmeyer, ilis. Feb. 28, '().■>.
Charles H. Jewell, died Nov. 27,'t!4, of wounds.
Benjamin Linton, killed in action May 12, '(i4.
CoipornU.
Horatio S. Howell, pro. q. m.-sergt. Sept. 6, 'GIv
John W. Me.ssick, Aug. 2(i, '(>4, dis. .lune 25, '(i">.
.lohn Elbertson,dis. July 22, 'M.
Lorenzo Jess, dis. July 9, 'i\b.
Samuel P. Budd, Jan. 19, '()4. dis. July 9,'t5r..
John McLiester, Dec. l;i,'<;4, dis. July 9, "ti."..
James H. Brown, Dec. 24, '04, dis. July 9, '<>">.
Francis V. Souders, dis. July 9, '05.
John R. McCowau, dis. Nov. 6, '62.
Valentine W. Brown, dis. Dec. 3, '(52.
Richard F. Stoue, dis. Oct. 3, '62.
Miles Bakely, trans, to U. S. Navy.
Francis Soper, mus'n, Aug. 20, '61, dis. Sept. 8, 64.
James Dean, musiciau, Sept. 3, '63, dis. July 9, 'O.').
James H. Carter, musician, dis. Aug. 15, '63.
John Camp, wagoner, Feb. 12, '64, di.s. July 9, '65.
Walter B. Ay res, wagoner, dis. Sept. 19, '62.
I'livales.
Jonal'n Abbott, dis. Jan. 30, 'm, of wds. rec. in act.
William W. Adler, Mar. 28, '65, dis. July 9, 65.
Henry Adler, died July 26, '62.
Charles R. .Archer.
Henry Ashback, Dec. 27, '64, dis. July 9, '65.
Joseph Bates, died Mar. 10, '62.
William Bailey, Dec. 14, '62, dis. July 9, '65.
Steward D. Bakeley, dis. .Tuly 25, '65.
Charles Bakeley, dis. Oct. 20, '61, wds. rec. in act.
Joseph Bakeley, died Dec. 1, '63.
Michael Baiinon, July 13, '64, dis. .fuly 9, 'il5.
Joseph A. Beckett, dis. Nov. 29. 'ti2.
Samuel Bentlcy, Jan. 13, 'i'lb.
Abel Biddle.
Edward Bohn, Dec. 2(1, '64, dis. .luly 9, '65.
Edwin Boles, March 15. 't;4.
Jos. E. Boustead.
Alfred R. Bourdeu, Jan. 19, '64, dis. June 10, '65.
Chas. Bowman, Jan. 6, '65, dis. July 9, '65.
.lohn Boyle, Dec. 21, '64, tr. to t!o. I, KHh Itcgt.
I'cter Borne, March 25, '65.
Wni. H. Briggs, dis. Aug. 26, '64.
James Brewster, dis. March 20, '1)3.
John P. Brown, dis. Aug. 19, '64.
Henry W. Brown, dis. ()<>t. 8, '62.
Daniel Brown, Jan. 13, '65.
.lohn P. Brown, Aug. 19, '64.
.las. Britton, Jan. 18, '65.
Patrick ( ). Bryan, March 2.S, \\r<, dis. .Inly 9, '65.
(Jco. B. lUidd.died.luly 7, '62, ofwounds inaction.
.lohn H. Burdick, Dec. 21, '64.
^V'm. Butcher, Feb. 5, '64.
Bernard Calhoun, Dec. 13, '64.
Thomas Casey, Jan. IS, '65.
.\liraham E. Casto, dis. Oct. 7, '62.
(Jeorge W. Chew, killed .lune 27, 'ii2.
Jacob W. Clement, Jan. 21, '64, killc<l .May 12, '64.
John W. Cotner.
Charles C. Craner, dis. Jan- 17. 'ti3.
(Jeorge Crispin, Dec. 19, '64.
James Daley, Jan. 13, '65.
William Davis, Dec. 15, '64.
Joseph Debler, Jan. 14, '65, di.s. .Inly 9, '65.
.loseph C. Dorell, killed .hinc 27, '62.
John De (jarnie.
John Dimond, .fan. 16, '{>.^>.
John Doyle, Jan. 16, '(;5, dis. .Inly 28, 65.
Pafk Dunn, June 5, '61, died Sept. 20, '64, ofwds.
Wm. G. Eldridge, died July 4, '62.
F'ranklin Est!ack,dis. Sept. 13, '64.
Charles P. Fish, dis July 9, '65.
Charles B. Fithian, Dec. 15, '64.
Harrison Flanigan.
James Galbraith, dis. Nov. •'<, '62.
James Gardner, Jan. 10, '65.
Henry Glock, Jan. 9, '65, dis. .June 26, 'ti5.
James Goodwin. Jan. 10, '65.
Charles Gouger, killed in action June 27, '62.
John Grace, May 25, '64, dis. July 9, '65.
John R. Grubb, dis. Aug. 19. '64.
David Gripton, Jan. 13, '64.
David Harris, Dec. 15, '64, dis. July 9, '65.
Joseph Hand, dis. Oct. 7, '62.
John N. Hazard, Feb. 10, '65, dis. July 9, '65.
Henry F\ Hensmau, died May 31, '62.
John Hicks, Jan. 9, '65, dis. July ".), '65.
Wm. H. Hilman, dis. Oct. 7,'(il.
Charles Hillman, July 6, '64.
Samuel Hotl'man, Dec. 13, '64.
Francis Horner, Feb. 12, '62.
John E. Holeton,died July 1, '62.
John Hutwell, Jan. 10, '65.
Lewis Jackson, Dec. 17, '64.
Thomas Jacksou, Jau. 16, '65, dis. June 15, '65.
108
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JEKSEY.
Bowers Jess.
Joseph Johnson, Jan. 18, '(55, dis. July 9, '65.
Henry L. Johnson, April 9, '64, dis. May 28, '64.
Henry Kessler, Ang. 19, '64, dis. July 9, '65.
Joshua Killingl)a('k, dis. Sept. 14, '64.
William B. King, dis. May 20, '02,
John King, Dec. 20, '64.
John King, Jan. 1.3, '65.
John Klaus, Jan. 14, 'Ofi.
Richard Lahey, Feb. 13, '64,kld. in act. May 6, '64.
Jacob D. Lawrence.
John W. Lane, Jan. 13, '65.
John W. Leonard, Jan. 13, '65.
James Lewis, Jan. 13, '65.
George W. Lewis.
John Logan, dis. ( >ct. 6, '62.
Wm. Louderback, dis. Feb. 12, '63.
Emmett McLaughlin, Aug. 29, '64, dis. July 9, '65.
Patrick McLaughlin, Feb. 7, '65, dis. July 9, '65.
Thomas McLaughlin, dis. Feb. 12, '63.
James McBride, Jan. 18, '65,
Wm. McCabe, Jan. 10, '65.
John McPherson, Jan. 16, '65.
John Miller, Jan. 4, '65, dis. July 9, '65.
Neal Munroe, March 27, '65, dis. July 9, '65.
Charles Muhler, Jan. 16, '65, dis. July 9, '65.
Wm. T. Mead, dis. Dec. 19, '62.
Jacob S. Minks, Feb. 6, '64, dis. Aug. 16, '65. -
Edward Mosely, dis. Feb. 12, '63.
Frederick Mumberger, Jan. 16, '65.
Owen Mullen, Jan. 16, '65.
Richard Murphy, Jan. 12, '65, dis. July 28, '65.
George Mix, Jan. 5, '64, died Sept. 8, '64.
Francis Nugent, Jan. 11, '65.
Henry O'Biien.
Michael O'Brien, Dec. 19, '64.
Burton K. Price, Jan. 13, '63,
Thomas P. Potts.
Hugh Quigley, Jan. 14, '65.
Owen O. Ratigan, Jan. 10, '65, dis. Aug. 24, '^o.
Patrick Rine, Jan. 10, '65,
Thomas Ryan, March 24, '65, dis. July 9, '65.
Frank 0. Roberts, Jan. 18, '65.
Thomas D. Sawn.
James Schwernaii, dis. .July 9, '65.
John Schitenhelm, Dec. ]2, '64, dis. June 26, '65.
George W. Scott, dis. Dec. 13, '63.
John Shepjjard, Dec. 20, '64, dis. July 12, '65.
Washington Shecltz.
David Sleven, May 20, '62.
James Shaw, Dec. 20, '64.
John Sheppard, Jan. 11, '65.
Clement Schy, killed .)une 27, '62.
Patrick Smith, Jan. 12, '65.
John Smith, Jan. 10, '65.
Wm. Smith, Jan. 10, 'ih'>, dis. July (>, '65.
Eleazer Stark.
Thomas S. Stevens.
William Stephens, Sept. 24, '64, dis. July 9,65.
John S. Sturges, dis. June 14, '65,
Jacob Sturges, wounded, died Oct. 19, '64.
Charles L. Test, dis. Jan. 24, '63.
John C. Tibbies.
Joseph E. Ware, killed Sept. 14, '62.
John Weathers, Jan. 16, '65, dis. July 9, '65.
Sylvester Weaver, Jan. 13, '65.
Edward Welch, Jan. 13, '65.
William F. Wilke, dis. Jan. 24, '63.
John Wilson, Jan. 9, '65.
Thomas Williams, Jan. 16, '65.
John T. Williams, March 24, '65, dis. July 9, '65.
John Wright, Jan. 18, '65.
Wm. Wright, Jan. 18, '65.
Richard Yapp, dis. July 14, '62.
COMPANY U, FOURTH REGIMENT SEW .JERSEY
VOLUNTEERS.
[This company waa mustered in August 17, 18til, aud mustered out
July 9, 1865, unless otherwise stated, |
Oajjtains.
Henry M. Jewett, disch. Apr. 15, '63, woumleil.
M. Lambson, May 16, '63, disch. Oct. 19,'64, wd.
Wm. McElhaney,Nov. 26,'64, bvt. It. -col. Apr. 2,'65.
First Lieutenants.
Samuel M. Gaul, pro. capt. Co. F Oct. 13, '62.
J. S. Heston, May 16, '63, pro. capt. Co. F June 4, '65,
Second Lieutenants.
Elias Wright, pro. Istlieut. Co. D Jan. 3, '62.
Edgar Whitaker, Jan. 3, '62, resig. July 25, '62.
J. E. Bradford, Sept. 6,'62, pro. 1st It. Co. H May 16,
'63.
Caleb M. Wright, May 16, '63, pro, capt. Co. C
Oct. 5, '64.
P. Lanning, Jan. 31, '65, pro. 1st It, Co, A.lune 4,'65.
First Sergeants.
Samuel E. Taylor, pro. to 2d It. Co. E Jan. 8, '63.
John E. Doughty, nro. sergt.-major Jan, 1, '65.
Wm. E. Cavalier, Nov. 12, '61.
I. J. Pine, Aug. 28, '61, killed in action June 27, '62.
Sergeants.
Samuel B. Fisher.
A. D. Nichols, Nov, I2,'61, pro. 1st It, Co. B Feb,13,
'65.
Jos. R. Westcott.
Jos. H. Martin, pro. com.-sergt. Aug. 27, '61.
Samuel H. Cavaljer, pro. 2d It. Co. C Feb. 13, '65.
Jno. M. Crammer, pro, 1st U. Co. A Oct. 5, '64.
Alfred Webb.
Dilwyn V. Purington, Aug. 23,'61, i>ro, qr, m,-sgt.
Aug, 26, '62.
THE WAR FOR TIIK r.VrON.
109
Leauder Houghtaliiig, discli. .luiu- (>, tiA.
J. M.Cavalier,Aug. 28, '61 , killed in act'ii June L'7,'iJ2.
Corporals.
S. B. Carter, Aug. 28, '(U, died May 1 7,'('>4, uf wds.
George W. Thompson, killed in action Dec. 13,'t(2.
Phineas Atkinson, disch'. May 10, '02.
Richard R. Robins, disch. Aug. 21, '(52.
James Snow, Nov. 12, '61, disch. Nov, 2y, '62.
James H. Nugent.
W^alter W. Woodward.
John S. Nichols, Nov. 12, '61.
Wm. H. Crowley.
Lewis Bender.
W. A. Burnett, Feb. 1, '64, disch. June 6, '65.
Chas. R. Brown, Oct. 18, '61, must, out Oct. l.S,'6-l.
W. F. (laul, mn.sician.
Lewis Watson, musician.
Gilbert Bird, wagoner.
I'rivateii.
David W. Adams, Aug. 28, '61.
Joseph Adams, disch. May 10, '62.
James Allen, Jan. 11, '65.
Wm. W. Anderson, disch. May 17, '62.
Louis Arnold, Jan. IS, '65.
John K. Amit, died Jan. 28, '62.
Wm. Applegate, died Jan. 10, '63.
John H. Austin.
Charles Bampton, Dec. 6, '64.
Stephen Bailey, disch. Oct. 16, '62
Thomas Bennett.
Thomas Bird.
ElishaB. Bird, disch. Dec 20, '68.
John Boggs.
Adam Brown, Jan. 18, '65, disch. June 21, '65.
James Brown, Jan. 13, '65.
James H. Bunting, disch. Feb. 7, '63.
John Burke, Dec. 14, '64.
Michael Cain, Jan. 11, '65.
John \V. Camp.
John C. Cavalier, trans, to V . H. N. April 6, '64.
Chas. B. Carter, Aug. 23, '61, disch. Nov. 10, '62.
Lafayette Carter, Dec. 7, '62, disch. May 10, '64.
Ernest Cavalier, Dec. 7, '64, disch. Mar. 6, '65.
Wm. A. Channells, must, out July 9, '65.
Lyonel G. Clifford, Aug. 23, '61, died Mar. 15, '62.
James Connor, Dec. 13, '64.
Isaac Cooke, Dec 7, '64.
Napoleon Cote, Dec. 12, '(>4, disch. .Iul,\ 12, Wi't.
Joseph Connelly, disch. Oct. 17, '62.
C. Cramer, Feb. 26, '64, died Dec. 12, '64, of wnds.
Thomas Cummings, Dec. 6, '64.
John Davis, Jan. 11, '65.
Charles Davis, Jan. 18, '65.
Jasper N. Dick, disch. June 10, '68.
John Dippic, May 25, '64.
Benj. B. Doughty, Aug. 28, '61, died .lune 6, '62.
George lOd wards, Aug. 20, '61.
Thomas Erwin, Jan. 10, '65.
Richard Fehan, Dec. (i, '64.
.lohn Fisk, Jan. 13, '65.
Henry Fletcher, Jan. 9, '65.
Joseph Ford.
Wm. Ford, Feb. 10, 't;4.
J. W. Ford, Nov. 26, '61, killed in act'n June 27,'62.
-Samuel C. Ford, killed in action Sept. 14, '62.
Augustus Fraley, May 25, '(i4.
James (jalbreth, Jan. 18, '68.
Aaron Gardner.
Abraham Garrabrant, Oct. 15, '64.
John F. Gaul, Oct. 17, '61, died June 29, '62,
Daniel Gibson, Jan. 13, '65.
Charles Gilroy, Jan. 10. '65.
Daniel Glass, Dec. 8, '64.
William Green, Jan. 11, '65.
Isaac Giti'ord, dis. July 11, '62.
John P. Grant, dis. Oct. 15, '62.
William GoH; Nov. 18, '61 ; dis. Aug. 16, '64.
Wm. A. Goff, Nov. 29, '61 ; died May 1 1 , '64, of wds.
Wait Gober, Aug. 17, '61 ; killed in act. May 12,'64.
Thomas Haggerty, Dec. 8, '64.
John F. Haines, died June 19, '62.
James Hale, Jan. 11, '65.
Henry C. Hamilton, Feb. 6, '65-
John Hamilton, Jan. 11, '65.
J(din Hampton, Jan. 11, "65.
Lewis Hart, Jan. 6, '65.
George W. Harris, Dec. 8, '6)4 ; dis. July 18, '65.
Chas. H. Hatch,Oct.24,'61 ; pr.sgt.-maj. Oct. 28, '61.
Thomas Hayes, Jan. 16, '05 ; dis. June 6, '65.
Daniel Higgins, Dec. 10, '64.
Elmer Johnson, dis. Aug. 14, '62.
Elisha Johnston, Aug. 23, '61 ; dis. Aug. 27, '62.
M.W. Johnson, Aug. 10, '61; kid. in act. June 27,'62.
Thomas .lones, Dec. 8, '64.
William P. Kears, Aug. 26, '01.
William Kelly, Jan. 16, '65.
Joseph Kendall, Aug. 23, '61.
John King, Mar. 29, '65; must, out ,luly 9, '65.
Anthony Larricks, Feb. 27, '64.
Peter Larricks, killed in action May 6, '64.
Charles W. Leek, died Aug. 8, '62.
.(oseph Leach, Aug. 23, '61 ; dis. Nov. 14, '62.
George Lee, Dec, 10, '04.
JohnT. Lewis, Aug. 15, '61; dis. Aug. 20, '64.
Joseph Logan, Jan. 12, '65.
Robert Love, died Sept. 5, '62.
James Long, Jan. 13, '65.
John O. Matthews, must, out Oct. 20, '64.
Thomas Mahoney, Dec. 6, '64.
110
HTSTOliY OF CAMDEN rOT'NTY, NEW .JERSEY
Daniel Mason, (lied March 17, 'i>2.
Isaac R. Matliias, died Oct. 8, 'li2.
James McCabe, Dee. 10, '(;4.
Saml. W. McCollum, Aug. 28, '(51 ; died May 6, '62.
(Camilla Meyer, Sept. 24, 'f!4 ; discli. June 22, '65.
Alfred H. Miller.
.Tohn E. Miller, Jan. IS, '6.").
Thomas Miller, Nov. 12, '61 ; disch. Mar. 4, "tji.
Edward J. Miller, Aug. 8, '64; died Sep. 28, '64.
Hezekiah Morton, must, out Aug. 19, '64,
John Moore, Nov. 29, '61; must, out July 12, '!>.">.
E,x;e] Morey, disch. Mar. 14, '63.
Benjamin Morton, disch. Oct. 16, '62.
Japhet Mosbrooks, Feb. 13, '64; dis. Mar. 28, '64.
Parker Mullica, died Mar. 27, '62.
Thomas Murray, Jan. 12, '65,
James Nash, Jan, 13, '65,
Israel Nicholas, disch. Feb, 19, '63.
Frank O'Neil, Dec. 8, '64,
Joseph Perrine.
William Phillips, Jan. 13, '65.
James Price, Jan, 12, '65,
Robert S. Pine, must, out Oct, 14, '64.
Chas, Pharo, Nov, 12, '61 ; disch. Nov, 28, '62.
Charles Pulaski, Sept, 21, '64 ; dis, June 22, '65,
John Reeourt, Oct. 4, '64 ; died June 5, '65,
James Riley, Jan. 11, '65,
John Ryan, Jan. 19, '65,
Joseph Salvatore, Dec. 8, '64 ; disch. Mar, 21, '65,
Henry C, Shelmire, Feb, 29, '64,
George W. Shelmire, Feb, 29, '64,
John Shields, Nov. 29, '61 ; disch. .luly 9. '62.
William A. Smith, Jan. 11. '65.
John Smith, Jan, 11, '65,
William B, Smith, Jan, II, '65,
William Smith, Jan. 13, '65; trans, to Co. A,
Lewis M, Silance, March 2, '65 ; trans, to Co. H,
John Snyder, Aug, 5, '64,
Uriah Spragg, Nov. 29, '61, disch, Nov, 4, '62.
F, Steinbock, Sept. 24, '64; must, out June 22, '65,
Samuel S, Stewart, must, out Sept, 13, '64,
Alfred Soudens, must, out Aug, 21, '65,
Byard E. Turner, Nov, 12, '61 ; died at Anderson
ville Sept, 5, '64,
Patrick Torney, Dec, 9, '64.
Jacob Walker, Sept, 21, "64; died Nov, 2<;, '64.
U, J. Walters, Feb, 26, '64 ; died May 31 , '64, of wds.
William H. Weeks, disch. May 19, '(12,
James Ward, Sept, 16, '(>4,
Charles Woodward, killed in action June 27, '62,
CO.MPANY H, FOl'KTH REOIMENT NEW ,)ERSEV
VOLUNTEERS.
jTliiu i:uuipini> wan iiiimtertid in August 17, 1861, and inuatered out
July!(, 1805, unless otherwiee stated. J
Captains.
John Reynolds, res. Sept. 6, '62.
Wm. R. Maxwell, Oct. 22, '62, died Feb. 28, '64.
Dav. Flannery, April 24, '64, vici- Ma.vwell, dec.
7''u'.<< Lii'uteniinls.
Thos, R. Grapewine, res, Oct. 17, '62.
Howard King, Oct. 21, '62, pr. capt. Co, C,
.lohn Bradford, May 16. '63, dis, April 22, '65.
Gritlin P. Lillis, June 4, '65.
Second LdeiitpiiatiU.
Jas. W. Lowe, dis. Oct. 22, '61.
Chas. G. Hatch, Oct, 29, '61, res. Sept, 3, '63,
•lohn V, Case, Sept. 16, '62, must, out Oct, 16, '64,
Firxt •Sei-gfuiitx.
John McLean, Aug. 24, '61,
Jos, R, Wells, pr. tosgt.-maj., June 10, '63.
Joshua F, Stone, tr, to V, R, C, Feb, 15, '64.
■Sergeaitt!!,
Abijah Doughty, Aug. 23, '61, m. out July 12, "65,
Thos. S. Bonney, pr, to ser,-maj. Aug, 20, '61.
Josiah Shaw, pr. 2d lieut. Co. B,
Geo, W. Marshal.
Abraham M, Tice.
Archibald Scott,
Wm. Criblier, dis, Oct, 18, '6.2,
Jas, B, Wells, dis, March 1, '63,
Edw. F. Kane, tr, to S, Corps Aug. I, '63,
Charles W, Lowe, d, July 16, '62, of wounds.
Corporals.
John D. Cooper, Nov, 1, '61,
Geo. I, Risley, Nov, 10, '61, m. out July 6, '6-"..
Wm, C, Doughty, Oct. 18, '61.
John Cavanaugh, Feb. 23, '64.
John Van Hook.
Geo, Hofl'man, Dec, 5, '61, m, out Aug, 17, '65.
Lewis Perney, dis, June 13, '65.
Christopher J, Mines, Jan. 21, '64, dis. Aug. 3, '6').
Ch. F. Currie, Aug, 23, '61, tr, to S. C, Aug, 1, '63.
Benj. F. Mitchell, d, July 20, '62, of wounds,
John Lyons, musician, Sept. 26, '61.
E, J, Strickland, ni., Aug. 15, '61, dis. Aug, 20, '64,
Geo, D, Cook, muse, Sept, 23, '61, dis, Sept. 9, '62.
Wesley J, Price, wagoner, Nov, 10, '61.
Privates.
Richard Ashworth, Sept, 30, "64, tr. to Co. A.
Francis R. Bavis, Aug. 24, '61, dis. Aug, 14, '62.
Moses Blanchard, Jan, 17, '65.
Peter Blanchard, .\pril 3, '65.
.lohn Bohcn, .Ian, 10, '65, tr, to Co, C,
■lohn Bosse, .Ian. I(i, 'ti5, tr, to Co, E.
Thos, Bozarth.
Peter Brunell, March 28, '65.
Michael Bush, Jan. 16, '65.
David R. Brown, d. March 18, '65,
Michael Cahill,- Jan. 17, '66.
THE WAE FOR THE UNION
111
John Carpenter, Jan. 18, '65.
(iforge H. Cassaboon, dis. Aug. 18, "(io.
John Champion, Aug. 24, 'til.
John Clark, Jan. 17. "(io.
Henry Colbert, Feb. 4, '64.
Michael Conway, Jan. 17, '65.
Th. Clevenger, Feb. 5, '64, d. June 1, '64, of wds.
Joseph Connelly, Aug. 24, '61.
George Cowpe, Sept.- 30, '64, tr. to Co. A.
John Dannenlierger, dis. Oct. 14, "64.
Thomas Davis, Feb. 23, '64, taken prisoner.
Richard S. Davis, Feb. 4, '64.
Chas. H. Dilks, m. out Oct. 7, '64.
George Dilks, Nov. 1,'()1, dis. Nov. 1, '64.
William Dolson,Feb. 22, '65.
David Doorman, July 23, '64.
.John Dimond. Jan. 18, '65.
David Doughty, d. Aug, 4, '62, of wounds.
Frederick Drinkwater, April 4, '6.'i.
Daniel Dugan, Jan. 17, '65.
.James Eaton, ,Jan. 17, '65.
William Early, Jan. 15, '64, d. Aug. 26, '64.
Jesse G. Eastlack, d. March 27, '63, of wounds.
.John Edwards, Jan. 1 5, '64.
Charles O. Eisele, Jan. 23, '64.
Charles Fabian,. Jan. 14, '65.
Thomas Fariell, .Jan. 17, '65.
Edward Fitzer, Feb. 8, '64, dis. .\ug. 14, '65.
Thos. Fleet.
n.rson Ford, Feb. 24, "65.
Edw. V. Force, Nov. I, "61, killed June 27, '62.
George Garrison, Aug. 24, '61, dis. Sept. 22, '62.
D. Gaupp, Dec. 1, '61, d. Aug. 15, "64, in rebel \<r.
Wm. .1. (xibbs, Aug. 24, '61.
Th. Gibbs, Feb. 9, '64, dis. Tune 27, '65, of wounds.
.lohn Green, .Tan. 16, '64.
.Joseph Green.
.John Guare, Jan. 18, "65.
.lacob Gvvintert, March 28, '66.
Mich.ael Haggerty, Jan. 18, '65.
Morgan Hall, Jan. 15, '64, killed May 12, '64.
.Tames Hendricks, Sep. 3, '62, dis. May 3, '65.
James Higgins.
Thomas Hodgson, .-Vug. 24, '61, dis. March 3. '63.
Samuel Hofi'man, Dec. 5, '61.
Henry Holeman, Nov. 1, '61 ; dis. April 14, '6.3.
.John Horriden, Jan. 15, '(i3.
E. A. Jetlayes,Feb.9,'64; tr.to V. R. C.luly 27, '65.
Bowie Johnson, Jan. 16, '65.
Thomas .Johnson, .Jan. 18, '65.
Frank .Tones, Nov. 1, '61 ; dis. March 22, 'ti2.
William (>. Johnson, trans, to S. Corps.
Thomas Johnson, Nov. 10, 'til.
Daniel Kane, Oct. 1, '63; died Sept. 6, '(;4,<ifw(juuil>.
William Kelsey, Nov. 1, 'til.
R J. Kindle, Feb. 1, '64; died May 31, 'ti4, of wounds.
William King, .Tan. 18, '65.
Thomas King, .Jan. 18, '65.
Joshua Korn, Nov. 1, "til ; dis. ."May 4, '62.
.Tcdin Lannigan, Aug. 23, '61 ; dis. Oct. 22, '61.
Theophilus Ijane, Jan. 15, '64.
William Leak, must, out Aug. 18, '(i4.
Lewis L. Liebeiili.st, Feb. 10, 'ii4 : dis. April 2, '64.
Henry IvOgan, March 25, 't;5.
/.achariah Martz.
.Tolin L. Maston, .lau. 18, '65.
James Mattson. dis. Sept. 24, '62.
.John McClure, Aug. 23, 61 ; dis. June 4, '62.
Wm. McDowell, Jan. 11, 'ti4 ; killed June 3, '64.
Lewis McPherson, must, out Aug. I'.t, 'i)4.
William McClune, Jan. 17, 't;5.
John McLaughlin, Feb. 13, '64.
George W. Messick, dis. May 15, '62.
Charles Messner, Jan. 14, 'ti5,
George Meyers, Nov. 1, 'til ; must, out July 9, '65.
Thomas Murphy, Jan. 17, 't>5.
George W. Mossbrooks, dis. Dec. 8, '62.
Jonathan Munson, Feb. 12, "64; killed May 6, '64.
.Tohn Myers, .Tan. 18, '65.
John W. Newell, Jan. 18, 'ii5.
.Tohn Nolan, .Tan. 17, '65.
Hugh Norry, Jan. 16, '65.
Robert J. Owens, Nov. 1, '61 ; dis. Oct. 17, '62.
,Tohn R. Pancoast, Aug. 23, '61; dis. Dec. 22, '62.
Charles W. Potter, Aug. 24, '61 ; killed June 27, '62.
(ieorge W. Phifer, Nov. 1. '61 ; dis. July 1, '65.
George T. Rayliold, must, out Aug. 19, 't)4.
John W. Richmond, Feb. 22. '65.
John W. Rickard, Nov. 1, 'tU ; dis. Nov. 1, '64.
•Tames Ross, Jan.. 15, '64.
I'^Jwood Robart, dis. Aug. 20, '62.
Aaron Rubart, Jan. 18, "65.
Bartholomew Ryan, Feb. 21, 'tiS.
William H. Sanders, Nov. 10, '61.
William Schenck.
.I(din C. Schenck, A\ig. 23, "61 ; dis. Jan. 17, '63.
ITenry Schonawald, March 27, '65.
t'harles Schwartz, dis. Aug. 19, 'ti4.
John W. SchafTcr, Jan. 4, '64.
Lewis M. Silauce, March 2, '()5.
.lames Smith, must, out Aug. 4, '65.
Hcrnuiu Stehrf Aug. 21, '61 ; must, out Sept. .S, '64.
.lohn W. Streeper, Feb. 1, '64; dis. .lunc 2S. 'ii5.
Andrew K. Snyder, dis. Dec. 21, '(i2.
C.Sti<'rle,Feb.4,'64; died .May 12, '6 l.ol' woinids,
l'hilii> Stoy, Dec. .5, 'til ; died May IS, '(lii.
Demas Struap, Jan. 4, '65.
David Surran, Aug. 21, '61.
Joseph Thomas.
Walter I!. Thomas, Nov. 8, '61.
112
HlfSTORY OF CAMPEN COTTNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Eli Thompson.
Sheppard Thompson, must, out July 22, '65.
Thomas Thompson.
Felix Thomas, killwl in a<!tion May o, 'fi4.
John W. Thoma.s.
Archibald Tice.
Leonard Tice, killed in action Dec. 13, '62.
August Tubert, March 28, '65.
Cornelius Tubbs, Jan. 18, '65.
B. F. Upham, Aug. 22, '61 ; must, out Hept. 23, '64.
Joseph Van Hook, died Oct. 30, '62.
Benjamin Vernon, Oct. 28, '61 ; died June 2!<. '64.
William H. Wagner, must, out .^ug. 20, '61.
John W. Walters.
Jacob Watson, Dec. 1, '61.
William Westcott, killed in action Dec. 13, '62.
Henry C. Williams, Dec. 1, '61 ; dis. Aug. 14, 62.
David Wood, Feb. 8, '64.
John W. Wood, Feb. 8, '64.
William Zanes, Dec. 5, '61.
Jacob Zimmerman, Aug. 23, '61.
The Second Brigade. — Camden County
was also strongly represented in the Second
New Jersey Brigade of three years' troops,
which was compcsed of the Fifth, Si.xth,
Seventh and Eightli Regiments. Companies
D, E, G, I and K, of the Sixth, were rai.sed
in Camden County, and the regiment was
mustered into the United States service at
Camp Olden, Trenton, August 19, 1861.
The Sixth left the State on September lOtli,
with thirty-eight commissioned officers and
eight hundred and sixty non-commissioned
officers ant! privates. At Washington it
went into camp at Meridian Hill, and in De-
cember the four regiments reported to Gen-
eral Hooker, at Budd's Ferry, Maryland,
when tiiey were brigaded as the Third Bri-
gade, Hooker's division ; afterwards as the
Third Brigade, Second Division, Third
Corps ; then as the First Brigade, Fourtli
Division, Second Corps ; and Jastly as the
Third Brigade, Third [iivision, Srcoiul
Corps.
At Williamsburg, Virginia, May 5, lS(i-2,
it was in tlio thickest of the battle, losittg
over fiv(^ hundred men, among whom was
Ijicutcnant-Colonel John P. \'an Leer, ol' the
Si.xtii, a I'iti/.cn of Camden, and thii-ty-eight
killed and seventy-eight wounded, of the
same regiment. On June Ist, at Turner's
Farm, General Hooker placed himself at the
liead of the Fifth and Sixth Regiments and
" charged straight into and through the
woods, breaking the rebel lines and driving
the enemy in great confusion for a consiiler-
able distance, recovering all the ground lost
by Casey's division and ending the fight for
the day on that part of the line."
The other battles of the Peninsular Cam-
|)aign in which the Sixth took part were
Fair Oaks, June 25th; Glendaie, June 30th;
and Malvern Hill, July 1st and August 20th.
In this campaign the Second New Jersey
Brigade had six hundred and thirty-four of-
ficers and men killed and wounded out of its
total strength of twenty-seven hundred.
From the swamps it was moved to reinforce
Poj)e, and bore the brunt of the engagement
at Bri.stow Station, on July 27th, and was an
active participant in the fighting of the four
succeeding days at Bull Run and Chantilly.
In this series of disastrous battles that
eclipsed Pope's military fame its ranks were
depleted to the extent of two hundred and
forty-eight killed, wounded and missing, the
Sixth's .share being one hundred anil four,
or more than double that of any othei- of tlic
four regiments. The report of Lieutenant -
Colonel George C. Burling, commanding the
Sixth, says, —
" Wednesday morning, August 27lii, marched in
the direction of Manassas, and when near Bris-
tow's Station found the enemy in force. In a
short time we met the pickets and drove them in.
W^e were then ordered to take an advanced posi-
tion on a hill to the right in front of us, which we
gained without loss under a terrible fire of shell
from the enemy. We were then ordered to relieve
the SecoiKl New York, Eighth New .Jersey and
One Hundred and Fifteenth Pennsylvania Regi-
ments, who were engaged on the right. Immedi-
ately on reaching our new position, the enemy
lied in great confusion, leaving their dead and
wounded in great numbers on the field. We pur-
sued them for two miles and encamped for the
night. August 28th, pursued the enemy through
THE WAR FOR THE UNTOX
ns
the day atifl encamped near IlhukUurii's Ford that
night.
" Auo;ust 20th, left camp at three ()'cU)ck, A. M.^
pursuing; the enemy through Centrevillc, down
the Warrington Road. Crossing Bull Run at ten
A. M., we formed a line of battle and advanced, in
the woods, to relieve one of General Sigel's regi-
ments, where we found the enemy in force behind
the embankment of an old railroad. After deliv-
ering and receiving several volleys, we charged
and drove them from their position, when they re-
ceived reinforcements, and were compelled to fall
back nearly fifty yards, which position we held
until we were relieved by the Second Maryland
Regiment. During this engagement Colonel G.
Mott and Major S. R. Gilkyson, while gallantly
encouraging their men, were wounded.
" August 80th, formed a line of battle about
four o'clock. l>. JI., and were ordered to support
batteries to the right and rear of the position we
had held the day before- Through some misun-
derstanding, my regiment being on the right, the
other regiments composing the brigade were with-
drawn without my knowledge, leaving me in a
very critical position. The enemy making a charge
upon the batteries in front, conijielling them to
fall back, I determined to resist their advance,
when to my astonishment I found we were flanked
right and left ; I then ordered the regiment to fall
back in the woods, which was done in order, and
thus checked the advance of the enemy in front. At
this time, finding the flanks of the enemy rapidly
closing round us, the only safety for my command
was to retreat. In trying to extricate ourselves
from the critical position in which we were placed
my command suffered severely. I was enabled to
rally my regiment on a hill in close proximity to
the battle-field, under the shell of the enemy,
where we remained in line of battle until ordered
by the ranking officer to fall back to Centreville,
where we joined the brigade the following morn-
ing."
Captains T. W. Baker and T. C. Moore
arc alluded to as dis[)layli)g es[iecial gal-
lantry.
At Chaneellorsville, on May li, ISli;}, Gen-
eral Mott having been vvounded, General
William J. Sewell ' took command of the
brigade and distinguished himself" by taking
it into a charge which a correspondent of the
' See history of West .Jersey Hailroad in chapter on
I'uhlic Internal Improvements for sketcli of Oeneral
Sewell.
15
Washington Chronicle described as " one of
those .splendid achievements seldom occur-
ring in this war .so far, but which, when oc-
curring, cover a .soldier's career with imper-
ishable glory." The brigade's loss in this
engagemeitt was three hundred ;ind seventy-
eight, six killed and fifty-nine wounded be-
ing credited to the Sixth.
Colonel Burling was commander of this
brigade at Gettysburg, where it did noble
service on the afternoon of -Tulj' 2d. He sent
the Sixth into the Devil's Den, where it lo.st
one man killed and thirty-two woimded.
The next engagement for the Sixth after
Gettysburg was the skirmish at McLean's
Ford, on Bull Run, October 15th. On May
(5, l.S(i4, in the Wilderness, and on the 10th
and 12th, around Spottsylvania Court-House,
it was in the most perilous positions of those
hard-fought fields, and behaved with much
gallantry in the charge on the salient held
by Powell's Confederates, in which three
thousand prisoners and thirty guns were
taken. Adjutant C. F. Moore and Lieuten-
ant Note brought oiF one of these guns with
a squad of the Sixth and turned it upon the
eneiuy. Seven hundred men, killed and
wounded, were subtracted from the brigade
on that terrible 12th of May.
Between June 3d and 21st the Sixth j^artici-
pated in the fighting on the north bank of
the James River, and the attacks on Peters-
burg. Its losses in May and June were six-
teen killed, ninety-nine wounded and eight
missing. Its final engagement was near
Deep Bottom, James River, August 14th to
18th, when, its three years of service having
expired, it was ordered to report at Trenton,
and was mustcj-ed out September 7th.
The roster of the Camden County com-
panies of this regiment is appended :
COMPANY D, SIXTH REGIMENT XEW .TEHSEV VOL-
UNTEERS
[This ciinipiiny was muatered in August 20, 1801, and mustcsn'il out
September 7, 1804, unless otherwise stated],
Captdhi.
Geo. E. Wilson, Sept. 9,'(>1, must, out Sept. 7, '04.
114
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
First Lieutenants.
.1. Willian, Sept. 9, '61, pro. capt. Co. C July 11, '62.
T. F. Field, Jan. 2, '63, pro. capt. Co. H June 9,'63.
F. Young, Sept. 21, 63, pro. capt. Co. I Aug. 8, '64.
Second Lieutenant.
Wm. H. Kinly, Sept. 9, '61, resig. Jan. 11, '63.
First Sergeants.
Pat. Eiley, Aug. 9, '61, killed in action May 5, '62.
Thos. J. Keegan, trans, to Co. G, 8th Regt.
Se.rgeant-'i..
Eli H. Baily.
Mahlon F. Ivins.
Wm. D. Smith, disch. Nov. 21, '63.
Joseph Wollard, killed in action May 5, '62.
Edgar Hudson, killed in action .luly 2, '63.
Corporals.
Amos Ireland.
Thos. B. Jordan, disch. Dec. 29, "62.
Thos. Bates, Sr., disch. Oct. 15, '62, of wounds.
Frank W. Pike, trans, to Co. G, 8th Regt.
John E. Maxwell, disch. Sept. 1, '64.
Wm. C. Poole, trans, to V. R. C. Sept. 1, '63.
Samuel Ogden, disch. Aug. 26, '64.
Jesse T. Bailey, killed in action May 8, '63.
Chas. F. Jess, musician.
Jas. Pollock, musician, disch. July 3, '62.
Chas. C. Sturgess, musician, disch. Aug. 2-'i. '64.
Jacob Clark, wagoner, Oct. 19, '61.
S. W. Crammer, wagoner, trans, to Co. G, 8lh Regt.
I'riviitvs.
Christian Anderson, must, out April 1, '6-'i.
James Abernathy, disch. Dec. 11, '(i2.
Robert Anders(m, Aug. 9, '61.
Wm. D. Anderson, Aug. 9, '61.
Daniel P. Bendalow, trans, to Co. G, Stli Regt.
John Berry man.
Thomas Burrott.
Robert N. Black.
Wm. Black.
James Bradley.
Henry Black, trans, to Co. G, 8th Regt.
Robert Booth, must, out Aug. 2, '64.
J. T. Boyle, June 30, '63, trans, to Co. G, 8th Regt.
Patrick Boylon.
Wm. R. Britton.
James P. Britton.
Allen Brown.
James Booth, disch. July 24, '62.
Thos. Bottomly, disch. Jan. 29, '63.
Conrad Brickhardt, May 25, '64, disch. Nov. 21, '64.
Jos. P. Busha, disch. Feb. 11, '64.
Michael Campbell.
Thomas Calvert, disch. May 26, '62.
John Cloren, died Oct. 11, '62.
Timothy Cloren, killed in action May 5, '62.
Wm. Conard.
Jacob Cowan, Aug. 29,'61, trans, to Co. G, 8th Regt.
Woodard Cox, disch. Dec. 1, '62, of wounds.
Joseph P. Davis, trans, to Co. G, 8th Regt.
Henry Deats, trans, to Co. G, 8th Regt.
James Devlin.
John Dowell, trans, to Vo. (t, Sth Regt.
Samuel English.
Joseph L. Ervin. disch. Dec. 11, '61.
John Fitzgerald, killed in action May 5, '62.
J. W. Ford, April 2, '62. killed in action May 5,'62.
Thomas Gannon.
Charles P. Gannon, trans, to Co. G, 8th Regt.
.John Gannon, disch. Sept. 22, '62.
John Gourley, disch. vSept. 1, '62.
Jos. Graisberry, disch. Feb. 18, '63.
James Groves, disch. March 18, '62.
John Groves, disch. Oct. 8, '62.
Wm. Groves, trans, to Co. G, Sth Regt.
John Hanery, Maich 27, '63, disch. July 15, '68.
John Hare, disch. Feb. 6, '63.
Henry Harney, disch. Feb. 6, '63, to join Reg. A'y.
•lames Herron, disch. Oct. 17, '62.
Charles Holmes, disch. May 31, '62.
John Harley.
Alexander Harvey.
Benjamin W. Hill.
G. H. Holmes, <lied May 10, '62, of wounds.
Robert Irvine.
Hiram Irvin, disch. Dec. 11, '61.
Levi Jess.
Henry Johnson, Feb. 17, '62. disch. Jan. 2. '63.
John T. Johnson, disch. Jan. 2, '63.
Michael Joy, May 16,'64, trans, to Co. G,8th Regt.
John Kentworthy.
Thos. H. King, disch. Oct. 19, '62.
John Kochersperger, disch. July 24, '62.
J. P. Langley, Sept. 23,'64, trans, to Co. E, Sth Regt.
Albert C. Lee, Sept. 3,'64,trans. to Co. H, Sth Regt.
Matthew Larney.
Thos. Marrott, disch. Oct. 25, '62.
Robert Marshall, died Feb. 18, '62.
James McCormick, disch. April 18, '63.
James McElmoil, disch. Oct. 17, '62.
John McHenry, disch. Dec. 9, '61.
Henry D. Morgan, died June 1, '62, of wound,".
Francis Nield, disch. Nov. 29, '62.
JohnO'Ncil, July 21, '63.
Jos. Parks, killed in action May 5, '62.
Wm. Parker, disch. May 17, '64.
Theodore Pike, died March 14, '62.
W. C. Poole, Aug. 19, '64, trans, to Uo. (), Sth Regt.
Lewis G. Pratt, discli. Se|)t. 27, '62.
Edgar V. Roby.
^fr?J^
'^t^^-A^
THK WAU FOR THE UNION.
Win. H. Robust, died Nov. 26, '02.
TboiiKW D. Ros.s, died Feb. 12, 'f>2.
J:is. Ryan, Marcb 22,'(;4, killed in action May G,'04.
David Salmons, Feb. 18, '62, disch. Feb. 17, '65.
John Sheppard, disch. Dec. 31, '62.
Henry Shatter, di.wh. Sept. 24, '61.
Thomas Sinclair, disch. Sept. 24, '61.
Aaron Stone, disch. Feb. 28, '(iS.
Thomas R. Smalhvood.
\Vm. Terry, Jan. 26, '64, trans, to Co. G, Sth Regt.
James Tomlinson.
James Totten.
Charles Van Meter.
Eber Van Meter.
Henry Wei?tlake, Sept. 22, '64, dis<'li. .Fan. l:i, 'i'Al
J. M. Webster, Sept. 9,'6.3, trans, to (_'o. K, Sth Regt.
Frederick Whorten.
J. Wolohon, June 30,'6.S, trans, to Co. G, Sth Regt.
Captain George E. Wilson was boru
at Woonsocket, E. I., February 10, IS:?;}.
Hi.s graiul father, the Rev. Junies NA'il.son, a fle-
sceudant ut" oue of the early settler.s of New
England, in 1800 beeanic one of tiie fir.^t
piiblio-scliool teaehers in tlie city of Provi-
(Knee, where tlie free-school system in Amer-
ica then originated. As a minister of tiie
gospel he .served during tlie long period of
fifty years as pastor of the Beneficent ( 'on-
gregational Cluircli of Providence, and died
highly honored and respeetetl at the advanced
age of eighty years.
James Wilson, his .son, and the father of
Henry B., James P. and George E. Wilson,
was treasurer of the New England Screw
Clompany, at Providence, for a time. He
iiKived to Camden County in 184!), and for
many years was treasurer of the Washington
Manufacturing Company, of (jlonccster ( !ity,
until age compelled him t« resign, and he
spent the remainder of his life in Camden.
He was a man of sterling integrity, deeply
interested in the material and moral weiiiire
of the communities in which he lived, and a
prominent member of the Protestant Epis-
copal Church. He died in 1S82, at the age
of eighty years.
Captain Wilson, subject of this biograjJiy,
spent his boyliood days in Providence, and
there attended the public schools and subse-
quently was a j)upil in a Friends' school in
Philadelphia. He entered business asach'rU
for the Washington Maiuilacturing Com])any,
at (iloucester, and afterwards engaged in the
ice business in the .same city. When the
C^ivil War opened he joined Cajjtaiii John P.
Van Leer's com]«iny in the three months'
service, and upt)n arriving at Trenton was
mustered in, April 21, 18(jl, as first li(uiten-
ant of C'ompany H of the lAturth New Jer.sey
Militia. This regiment was taken down the
Delaware to Anna])olis in ti-ansports, and
was the first fully-e(juip])e<l brigaile at the
outbreak of the war to arrive at the city of
Washington. The same regiment built Fort
Runyon, at the south end of the Long Bridge
over the Potomac near Washington, and was
present at the first battle of Hull iiun, tlniugh
n(jt actively engaged. At the exjiiralion of
the term of service he cann' Imnie with the
regiment, and immediately alter being dis-
charged re-enlisted with Cajjlain Van Leer,
in Company I) of the Sixtii New Jersey
Regiment, and was nuistered in as captain
of the comjtany, Cai)tain Van Leer being
promoted to major. The Sixth Regiment
fdniied a part of the Secontl New Jersey
Brigaile, and in 18()2, under (ieneral Mc-
Clellan, took part in the Peninsular cam-
paign. Captain Wilson commanded his
company at the siege of Yorktown, and in
the succeeding engagement of this campaign
at Williamsliurg, May "», 18G2, he was .se-
verely wounded in the hand and hip, as th<>
army was on the retreat and he fell into the
hands of the enemy, but the fi)llowing day
was recovered. After his wounds had healed,
in August, 1862, he rejoined his regiment and
again took charge of his company. In 18(i;!
he participated in the battles of Frederii-k.s-
burg, Chancellorsville and (i('ttysburg. In
July of the same year he was detached from
his regiment to take charge of the camp of
drafteil men at Trenton, and remained in
that position until the exj)iration of his term
of three years' service, in 1864.
116
HISTORY OP CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Since the close of tlie war Captain Wilson,
lias been actively engaged in the ice and
coal business in the city of Camden, has built
up an extensive trade and has been very
successful. He olitains his ice in immense
quantities from the Eastern States and from
Lakeside Park, and furnishes it to consumers
in the city of Camden and elsewhere. He
also has a coal-yard at Second and Chestnut
Streets and one at Tenth and Spruce Sti-eets.
He is a member of the Thomas K. Lee Post,
G. A. R., and has taken an active interest in
the Masonic fraternity, lieing a member of
Lodge 94, Siloam Chapter, No. 19, Cyrene
Commandery of Camden ; has taken the
thirty-second degree in Masonry, and was
Grand C!onuuander of Knights TeMi]ilar
of West Jersey for 1880 and 1881.
On October 12, 1805, Captain Wilson was
married to ]\Iatilda M., daughter of Dr.
William C. Mullbrd, of Gloucester. She
died in 1869, leaving two children, — Emilie
I), and George Edward. He was married,
on the 19th of NovemI)er, 1872, to Maria
W. Jackson, daughter of Ephraim S. Jack-
son, a prominent citizen of Providence, II. I.,
and for twelve years postmaster of that city.
They have two children, — Benjamin J. and
Rachael Graham Wilson.
COMPANY E.
[This tuuipiuiy was niiifttf red in August 20, 1861, aud luiistered out
Scv'tiMiiliiT 7, 1S(>4, unless otherwise stated,]
Caj/tdiim.
Kamuiul G. Jackson, Sept. 9, '01, tlis. Oct. 18, '02.
William H. Hemsiiig, Jan. 2, "0?., i'/t<? Jackson, dis.
First Lieutenant.
Frederick Homer, Jan. 2, '03, (lis. July 1-1, '04.
Second LieufenniitK.
Levi E. Ayres, Mar. 2, '03, pr. 1st lieut. Oo. F.
George W. Breen, Sept. 2, '03, pr. 1st lieut. Co. B.
First /Sergeant.
George VV. Jackson, pr. 1st lieut. Co. H.
ii'ergea,nts.
William H. Schwaab.
Authony Barnard, dis. July 1, '02.
James Albright, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Charles G. P. Golorth, d. Sept. 1, '64, of wounds.
Corporals.
Count De Grasse Hogau, dis. Aug. 25, '02.
Jacob Gerhard, dis. Mar. 21, '03.
Benjamin H. Connelly, trans, to Co. I, 8th Regt.
Frederick O. Lowe, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Charles H. Rossiter, dis. Aug. 0, '04.
John Brown, trans, to Co. I, 8th Regt.
Thomas Matthews, dis. Nov. 14, '05.
Adam Wooley, killed May 9, "04.
James Herliert, killed May 3, '03.
Kd. G. Jackson. Jr., mus., trans, to Co. F. 8th Regt.
William G. Gordcn, mus.
Charles Fox, wagoner.
J'rii'ates.
Frederick M. Adams, June 9, '04, dis. Sept. 22, '64.
Robert H. Ames, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Michael B.iyne, killed May fi, '02.
George Baltzer, dis. Mar. 24, '0.^).
Patchie Barry.
George Bower, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Charles R. Bechtel. killed May 5, '02.
Joseph Bozer, dis. Nov. 29, '02.
David R. Burton, dis. Jan. 12, '03.
Charles Brown.
Alfred Biddle, died May 25, '02, of wounds.
Alfred B. Carter, Apr. 3, 'ti2, dis. Jan 19, '03.
William H. Carey.
Jesse Cain, died Aug. 22, '02.
Edward J. Cassady.
(k'orge Cobb, dis. Feb. 16, '03.
Michael Collins, dis. Dec. 5, '02.
Restore L. Crispin, dis. Mar. 6, '63.
Chs. C. Cullen, Feb. 2, '(i4, trans to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Job J. Davidson, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Thomas Dougherty.
Michael Eagan.
Charles O. Easley, dis. Oct. 22, '02.
Ralph Easley, died May 20, '02, of wouuds.
Charles Elliott.
Lemuel Edwards, dis. Feb. 4, '03.
Charles Fennimore, dis. Aug. 5, '02.
William Fields, killed Aug. 29, '02.
Charles Fredericks, Dec. 14, '03.
Hiram Fish, Nov. 1, '01, dis. May 21, '63.
Frank Gordon.
Charles Gotz.
Archibald M. Grant, dis. Dec. 3, '02.
Joseph F. Greenly, dis. Oct. 21, '62.
(Jhris. (ir.andan, Feb. 2, '04, trans, to lOtli Mass. Regt.
Chandler Gross, trans, to Co. F, 8tli Regt.
John W. Guptill, trans, to Co. F, Sth Regt.
William Harlman, trans, to Co. F, Sth Regt.
William Hamlin, killed Aug. 29, '02.
Charles Helmers, trans, to Co. F, Sth Regt.
David Herbert, trans, to Co. F, Sth Regt.
THK WAR FOR THE UNION.
117
Joseph Herbert, trans, to Co. F, Stli Kogt.
S. R. Hankinson, Mar. 15, 'C2,dis. Dec. 16, '(!2, wds.
Joseph S. Heston.
Charles M. Hoagland, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
William Hoftman, trans, to 1st N. J. Art.
David Holloway, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Waher Hill.
Loren Horner, May 18, 'iV>. di.s. Sept. 18, 'M.
Alfred Iviiis.
Thos. Jacobs, ApLJli, 'ti2, trans, to Co. F, 8tli Regt.
Richard Jobes, dis. Oct. 22, '62.
Edward Johnson, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Thomas Jones, killed Aug. 29, '62.
Lewis Keller, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regl.
Nichohis Lambright, dis. May 22, '62.
Isaac K. Lapp.
Samuel W. Lilly, died June 1, '62, of wounds.
Lawrence Lockner, dis. Mar. 23, '6S.
Charles Matlack, dis. Jan. 12, '63.
William Matthews, di.s. Mar. 19, '62.
Joseph McCarty, dis. Mar. 18, '62.
William McClain.
William McClure.
William McCready, trans, to V. R. C. Jan. l.'i,'64.
John McNish.
Edw. A. Meyer, Feb. 8, '64, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Henry Naylor.
John J. Olden, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Henry Paul.
Charles H. Pierce, dis. Nov. 26, '63.
Clayton Pope, dis. Juue 13, '62.
William Pope.
Samuel E. Radeliff.
Thomas C. Ralston, dis. Oct. 15, '62.
William T. Ralph, dis. Aug. 27, '64.
Edward J. Reynolds, dis. April 21, '63.
William Rianhard.
Wesley Robinson, died June 6, '62, of wounds.
Jacob Schenck, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Fred. Schlegel, Feb. 16, '64, trans, to Co. F, Sth Regt.
Jacob Seigrist, dis. Oct. 22, '62.
Alexander A. Smith, dis. Aug. 30, '64.
John Smith, April 21, '64, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Joseph Simpson, May 17, '64.
Henry Stanmire.
Joseph Steen.
Charles W. Steele, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regl.
Jona'n Strouse, May 11, '64, trans, to i'o. F, Sth Regt.
Thomas S. Stewart, dis. Jan. 3, '63.
William H. Stewart, dis. Dec. 12, '61.
Joseph Stoeckle, must, out Oct. 6, '64.
Zebulon Tompkins.
Geo. W. Wade, Mar. 30, '64, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Andrew .1. Wallace, trans, to Co. F, Sth Regt.
Samuel N. Wilmot, trans, to Co. F, Sth Regt.
John Wilson, .Ian. 4, '64, trans, to Co. F, Sth Regt.
Wm. Wilson, Sept. 7, 'i;4, trans, to Co. I, Sth Regt.
Josei.h M. Wliite.
Thomas .1. Whittaker, di.s. Jan. 2, '63.
Thomas Van Hrunt, killed Aug. 29, '62.
('"MI'ANY (i.
(Thirt ciiiipanv was iiiusltTed in .\uKuxt «, 1 wll, anil mnsteroa out
with rcpinmnl unli.-Hs otherwise staterl.]
Oipfains.
Theo. W. Baker, Sept. 9, '61 ;pro. inaj. Oct. 9, '62.
Louis M. Morris, Jan. 2, '63, vire Baker, pro.
Fif.it Licutenanh.
Chas. F. Moore, Jan. 1, '63; pro. adjt. Jan. I, '63.
Rufus K. Case, Jan. 1, '63.
Second Lieutenanls.
John K. Brown, Sept. 9, '61; res. ,luly 11, '62.
J. C. Lee, Jan. 2, '63 ; pro. 1st It. Co. C June 9, '63.
First Sergeants.
Benjamin D. Brown, pro. 2d It. Co. I Juue 23, '62.
Joseph T. Note, pro. 2d lieut. Co. K Jan. 11, '63.
James A. Morris.
Seryeaiifs.
John H. Hoaglaud, pro. 2d It. Co. C Jan. 16, '63.
Joseph H. McClees, dis. May 22, '62.
Edwin Mitchell, killed May 5, '(i2.
Charles E. Githens, died Juue 21, '62, of wounds,
.lacob B. .lohnson, died Jan. 5, '63.
Joseph D. Moore, dis. Aug. 26, "64.
George W. Farrow, dis. Aug. 27, '64.
Charles Brough, trans, to Co. H, Sth Regt.
Howard S. Moore.
Coi-jiorals.
John L. Bullock.
James S. Porch.
Leopold W. Rossmaier, dis. Aug. 29, '64.
John North, dis. Feb. 19, '63.
Charles W. North, died May 5, '63, of wounds.
Lewis Drummond.
George L. Baker, nius. ; trans, to Co. K, Sth Regt.
Henry Bender, Jr., musician.
Privates.
William Adams, dis. May 30, '62.
John Allen, dis. Dec. 10, '61.
Benjamin Anderson, dis. May 22, '62.
James V. Anderson, trans, to V,u. Vt, Sth Regt.
Andrew Benner, May 24, '64.
James Blake, May 24, '64.
William Burke, May 19, '64.
James Burns, May 24, '64.
Benjamin F. Budd, Oct. 31, '61 ; killed Aug. 29, '62.
James Budd, killed May 5, '()2.
John P. Burroughs, killed May 5, '62.
Theodore M. Cattell, trans, to Co. E, Sth Regt.
Robert Campbell, May 24, '64.
118
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY
Joseph Cardisser, May 20, 't!4.
William Charlton, May 24, '64.
John Cheesman, Sept. 2S, '61 ; (li.s. Sept. 21. '64.
John H. Crammer, dis. Jan. 2, '63.
James B. Cox.
Henry Day, May 24, '64.
Samuel David.son.
Samuel Dermot, died June 14, '62.
Charles W. Devinney, di.s. June 2, '62.
Daniel W. Donau, May 2.3, '64.
Josiah Dickson, dis. June 11, '63.
William E. Eastlack.
Albert C. English, dis. May 29, '62.
Frank Farrow, died Oct. 11, '62.
William Feltman, dis. Oct. 13, '62.
Henry Firth, dis. Jan. 2, '63.
John I. Gardner.
Frank Gates, May 24, '64.
Thomas Gladden.
Giles Gleason, May li), '64.
James Gillean, dis. Dec. 10, '61.
Charles B. Green, dis. May 31, '62.
Horace L. Haines, Oct. 3, '61 ; dis. Oct. lo, '62.
John Hardy, May 16, '64 ; trans, to Co. E, 8th Regt.
Philip Hart, May 19, '64.
Charles Hires, dis. Oct. 1 1, '62.
Joseph HofHiuger, trans, to Co. E, Sth Regt.
John Hogan, May 20, '64.
John W. Holmes, trans, to Co. E, Sth Regt.
John Horn, died June 26, '62.
Sylvauus Ireland, killed May 5, '62.
Thomas Ivins, dis. Feb. 2r>, '(53.
Robert Johnson, May 23, '64.
Charles Jones, May 19, '64.
William Jones, dis. Oct. 17, '62.
Justice S. Kerbaugh, dis. July 24, '62.
Charles Layman, dis. .Tuly 24, '62.
William Lee.
Charles Letts, dis. Sept. 7, '64.
Thomas Lynch, May 23, '64.
James Mackinall, killed May 5, '62.
John Macktoff, dis. May 22, '62.
Thomas Marshall, May 16, '64.
William E. Maling.
John Mathys, May 23, '64.
Giovanni Martini, May 20, '64; tr. to Co. E.Sth Regt.
John McAllister, May 24, '64.
Edw. McArdle, Dec. 30, '63 ; tr. to Co. E, 8th Regt.
Patrick McAvoy, trans, to Co. E, Sth Regt.
Micliael Morgan, dis. Dec. 11, '63.
Daniel Murry, dis. May 28, '64.
Michael Nicholson, killed in action May ">, '62.
Michael O'Neil, trans, to Co. K.
Benjamin Ong, dis. May 31, '62.
Peter L. Owens, Oct. 31, '61 ; di.s. June 6, '62.
John S. Owens, trans, to Co. E, 8th Regt.
Charles Owens, killed in action May 5, '62.
Frederick Parker, May 18, '64.
Timothy Parker.
Nicholas S. Parker.
Ward Pierce (1), dis. June 28, '62.
Ward Pierce (2), Dec. 30, '63 ; tr. to Co. E, 8th Regt.
Read M. Price, died Sept. 15, '62, of wounds.
James Phalin, May 23, '64.
William Powell.
Francis Rawlings, May 19, '64.
Franklin Read, killed in action May 3, '63.
Louis Revear, May 23, '64.
Force Rhoads, trans, to Co. E, 8th Regt.
Amos Robb, dis. May 22. '62.
George Schenck, killed in action May 5, '62.
Philip H. Schenck. Jr., killed in act. May o, '62.
James B. Scott, Mar. 8, '62 ; dis. Aug. 8, '63.
Henry Seabury, dis. Aug. 26, '64.
Joseph H. Sooy, Nov. o, '62; dis. Mar. 11, '63.
Luke Sooy, dis. Feb. 17, '63.
George P. Stiles, Apr. 16, '62 ; tr. to Co. E, Sth Regt.
Thos. S. Tanier, Feb. 3, '64 ; tr. to Co. E, Sth Regt.
Thomas Taylor.
Charle.s A. Thomas.
Maxwell T. Toy, dis. May 31, '62.
Andrew .1. Ware, paroled prisoner.
John Watson, tr. to Co. E, Sth Regt.
Samuel Watson, killed in action May 6, '64.
James M. West, tr. to Co. E, Sth Regt.
George L. White, dis. Dec. 19, '63.
William Wiltsey, tr. to Co. E, Sth Regt.
William Wilson, died May 17, '62.
James Young, tr. to Co. E, Sth Regt.
Malica Zimmerman, died July 26, '62.
COMPANY I, SIXTH REGIMENT NEW .lER.^EY
VOLUNTEERS.
(This company wns muetf red in .\uKii8t 29, 1861, ami miiflleivd out
with regiment uniess otlierwise stated).
Captains.
Richard H. Lee, Sept. 9, '61, res. Aug. 12, '63.
Benjamin D. Coley, Oct. 27, '63, res. .Vpl. 12, '64.
First Lieuteiiimti<.
T. M.K.Lee, Sep. 9, '61, pr. capt. Co. K Jan. 16, '63.
Joseph T. Note, Sep. 21, '63.
Second Jjieuteiiants.
T. F. Field, Sep. 9, '61, pr 1st It. Co. D June 23, '62.
C. F.Moore. June 23, '62, pr 1st It. Co. G Dec.1,'62.
Bcnj. D. Brown, Jan. 2, '63, res. May 22, '63.
First Sergeants.
Joseph C. Lee, pr. sgt. maj. Feb. 26, '62.
Edmond Carels, tr. to Co. E, 8tb Regt.
THK WAR FOR THE TTNTON.
119
Sergemitf.
John E. Loeb.
Benjamin W. Perkins.
Stevenson Leslie.
William C. Lee. tr. to Co. F, Sih Regt.
Charles F. Dicksen, killed in action June 18, 'tU.
Oliver K. Collins.
Albert S. Newton.
Jacob M. Parks.
Joseph M. Ross.
Richard C. Haines, disch. Sep. 12, '63.
George W. King, disch. Sep. 5, '64.
Samuel Taylor, disch. Aug. 31, '64.
(i'harles W. Lane, killed in action May 5, '62.
William F\ Hessel, killed in action June 16, '64.
( ;. W. Mooney, died Andersonville, Ga. Aug. .1, '(14-
William S. Chew, musician.
William Wilson, musician.
James Schooley, wagoner.
Vrivates.
John P. Allord.
William Ascough, disch. Aug. I'd, '64.
Favel Baptiste, May 24, '64.
William Bates, tr. to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Wesley Bates. Oct. 18, '61, disch. Dec. 12, '62.
Joseph Beebe, Jan. 12, '64, died July 8, '64.
Alfred Breyer, Nov. 2.'!, '61, died July 28, '64.
Eben. Beebe, Jan. 12, '64, tr. to Co. IF, 8th Regt.
Josiah Beelie, Jan. 30, '64, tr. to Co. F, 8th Regt.
William S. Bradford, tr. to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Joseph Brown (2), Apl. 14, '64.
William Brown, killed in action May 6, '()4,
Joseph Brown (1), disch. Apl. 18, '(;3.
Joseph Burkart, disch. June 7, '62.
Aden Chew, died Feb. 20, '62.
Thomas D. Clark, died Jan. 2'.i, '64.
Washington L. Clark.
Joseph Craft, disch. Oct. 17, '62.
William Dorsey.
James L. Dougherty, Mar. 1.'62, died May 1-5, 62.
Edward Ewen, Jr., Aug. 'J, '61, killed Aug. 29, 'ti2.
W. C. Figner, Nov. 23, '61, tr. to Co. F, 8th Regt.
William F^isher.
Lewis M. Gibson, Sep. 10, '61, disch May 31. '62.
,lacob Gilraore.
Bernard Ginlay, Nov. 22, '61.
Horace Githens, Sep. 28, '61, died Mar. l.''>, '62.
Thom.is W. Graham, disch. Aug. 29, '64.
Uirhard W. Hankins, died Jan. 20, '63, of wounds.
Michael Hartzell, Feb. 20, '62, disch. Sep. 20, '62.
Charles Henry, Nov. 27, '63, disch. June 12, '6o.
(iaudalonp Hall, tr. to 95th Pa. Regt.
Albert Herman, June 30, '64, tr. to Co. A, 8th Regt
Henry Hesselb
John M. Huber, Aug. 10, '63, tr.toCo. F, 8th Regt.
William Hulit, Aug. 10, '63, tr. to IT. S. Inf.
Edward B. Hood, disch. Mar. 2.'), '63.
.lames W. Insco, disch. Feb. 5, '63.
\Vm. D. Jacobs, July 6, '62, tr. to Co. F, 8th Regt.
.Icdiu W. Jobes, Dec. 6, Uil, killed Aug. 29, '62.
.Fcdin Johnson. May 23, '64.
Samuel Kendrick, disch. .May 22, '<i2.
James Leach, May 2;"). '64.
.lames W. Lewis.
Edward Livermore, killed inaction May 18, '64.
William W. Loeb.
Wm. Lorenz, Feb. 29, '64, killed May 12, '64.
Alexander B. Mahan, disch. .Inly 15, '62.
Howard F. Matlack.
William L. Mathews, Mar. 3, '<;2, disch. Apr. 9, '65.
Thomas Mayland, May 28, '64.
John McCabe, May 28, '64.
G. W. McKeen, Jan. 12, '64, tr. to Co. F,8th Regt.
Arthur Meayo, Nov. 22, '61.
William Mulligan, Nov. 22, '61.
John Naphey.
John S. Nicholson, Oct. IS, '61, died Feb. li;, '62.
August Noach, May 24, '64.
Samuel B. Norcross, killed in action May 5, '(!2.
Edw. Ostner. Nov. 18, '61, killed May 5, '02.
James Paquitt, May 23, "64.
Henry Parker, May 23, '64.
Daniel W. Pettibone, disch. Sep. 23, '6l'.
Henry Piatt, May 30, '64.
William Rhein, May 28, '64.
Peter Rice, May 25, '64.
Michael Robinson, Nov. 22, '61.
Franklin Rogers, died May 6, '62.
Peter Roe, Oct. 25, '61, disch. Feb. 25, '63.
.Foseph D. Rogers.
Romeo RoUi, June 2, '64.
William Rowe, killed in action May 5, '62.
Thomas Russell, May 24, '64.
Thomas Ryan, May 24, '64, tr. to Co. F, 8ih Regt.
John Sands, disch. Feb. 23, '63,
Samuel Sanders, Dec. 6, '(Jl.
(ieorge Schayegart, May 24, '64.
August Scior.
Edward L. Scott, disch. Jan. 29, '6.^.
Andrew Serini, June 2, '64.
Michael Sharon, May 28, '(i4.
Charles P. Shute, disch. Feb. 28, '63.
Geo. Simpson, May 28, '64, tr. to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Benjamin F. Skinner, Nov. 22, '62.
.fohn Sterling, May 23, '64.
William Stewart, May 24, '64.
( Jeorge Thomas, May 23, '64.
James Thompson, May 26, 64.
John C. Torney, died May 12, '62, of wounds.
120
HISTORY OF f'AMPEN COTTNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Isaac Tracy.
Lewis Typie, Feb. 9, '64, tr. to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Charles Waar, Feb. 25, '62, died Apr. 12, '64.
Amos R. Watson, Oct. 23, '61, disch. Sept. 14, '62.
Charles Waverly, May 28, '64.
James H. Webster, disch. Aug. 31, '64.
George Wegman, disch. Aug. 29, '62.
Paul Werner, May 31, '64.
Wilmon Whillden, disch. June 16, '62.
John C. Whippey, died June 7, '63, of wounds.
Watson Wertzell, disch. Oct. 10, '6r).
John Williams, May 30, '64.
John W. Williams, Nov. 22, '61.
James Wilson, May 26, '64.
John Woods, disch. May 22, '62.
William Yates, May 28, '64.
COMPANY K.
[This r(>mpaliy watt muBtered in August ^'.), 1861, aufl niusterf^rl
out with regiment unless otherwise stated.]
Cajifaiuf.
Timothy C. Moore, Sept. 9, '61 ; res. Jan. 14, '63.
Thomas M. K. Lee, Mar. 2, '63 ; vice Moore, res.
First Lieutenants.
Thomas Goodman, Sept. 9, '61 ; det. to 4th Art.
B. D. Coley, Jan. 2, '53 ; pro. capt. Co. I, Sept. 24, '63.
Second Lieutenant.
J. T. Note, Mar. 2, '63, pro. 1st It. Co. I, June 9, '63.
Fir-it Sergeants.
Edward Corcoran, disch. June 8, '63.
George W. Jobes, trans, to Co. B, 8th Regt.
Sergeantn.
Samuel H. Elder, disch. Nov. 24, '62.
James White, disch. Jan. 28, '63.
William McCormick, disch. March 23, '63.
George W. Hall, trans, to Co. F, 8th Regt.
Isaac T. Gartou, trans, to Co. G, 8tli Regt.
William T. Goodman.
I'orporals.
James Flynn, disch. Dec. 27, '62.
Christopher Dowling, disch. Sept. 7, '62.
Hugh Diamond, disch. Aug. 29, '64.
Charles P. Tuttle, trans, to Co. G, 8th Regt.
.lohu McKenna.
T. McKibben, Aug. 13, '(i2 ; disch. June 29, '65.
B. F. Reeves, Sept. 17, '(il ; killed July 2, '63.
James Derkeu.
Frederick Biisser, musician.
Thos. Marshall, musician, disch. March 11, '62.
Henry Bender, Jr., musician, trans, to Co. G.
Da\ id Creevy, wagoner, disch. Feb. 8, '63.
I'rioates.
James Baker, Oct. 3, '61.
John Barnes.
William Bayne, disch. Oct. 13, 62.
William Bisbing.
Jesse H. Berry, died June 1, '63, of wounds.
J. G. Bowers, May 14, '64, trans, to Co. G, 8th Regt.
Lewis R. L. Blizzard, disch. June 0, '62.
Peter Bride, Oct. 9, '61, disch. May 22, '62.
Edward Budding, disch. June 9, '62.
Charles Braceland.
Benjamin F. Christy.
.Joseph Cheeseman, disch. April 27, '63.
Albert G. Clark, May 21, '64, trans, to Co. G.
Henry Conerty.
James Coleman, disch. June 19, '63.
John S. Copeland, died Sept. 18, '61.
Michael Corcoran, disch. Sept. 7, '62.
.Jacob Cowan, trans, to Co. D.
J. J. Daniels, May 20, 64, trans, to Co. G, 8th Regt.
Cornelius Dowling, disch. July 14, '62.
Patrick Earley, disch. Feb. 28, '63.
Thomas Egan, disch. April 18, '63.
James Finnegan, disch. Sept. 1, '64.
John Fogger.
John Gagger, killed Aug. 29, '62.
James Gannon.
Charles P. Gannon, trans, to Co. D.
Francis A. Gaskill, disch. May 3, '64.
Samuel Gilbert, Aug. 19, '62 ; disch. Mar. 25, '63.
Lewis H. Giles, disch. May 21, '62.
Martin Haley.
William Hampton.
Henry Harley, Oct. 3, '61.
Joseph W. Henderson, trans, to Co. G, 8th Regt.
William H. H. Hilyard, disch. Feb. 7, '63.
James R. Husted, disch. Jan. 16, '63.
Edward Hutchinson, disch. Oct. 21, '62.
H. C. Izard, May 16, '64; trans, to Co. G,8th Regt.
W. H. Janes, Jan. 29, '62; tr.to Co. G, 8th Regt.
E. H. Johnson, Aug. 19, '62; disch. Jan. 7, '63.
Ellas P. Jones, killed June 18, '64.
William F. Joslin, disch. Oct. 17, '62.
.John Lane.
.James M. Lane, disch. Feb. 2, '63.
Dennis Laughlin, trans, to Co. G, 8th Regt.
William H. Lawrence, trans, to Co. G, Sth Regt.
John Leo, Oct. 9, '61 ; disch. Dec. 31, '62, wounded.
Thomas Lippincott, disch. Mmv 14, '62.
Thomas M. Long, disch. July 21, '63.
George A. Lovett, disch. Sept. 17, '62.
W. G. Leake, died May 23, '62, of wounds.
Joseph C. Lore, died May 21, '62. of wounds.
Martin Marshall, killed Aug. 29, '62.
Patrick Maguire. disch. Oct. 7, '(>2.
Robert Mc.Vdoo, disch. Dec. 2">, '62.
Thomas McDonald, disch. Dec. 9, '61.
James McCormick, killed May 5, '62.
t^^
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
121
N. McElhoiie, Mar. 13, '62 ; died June 4/62, of wds.
B.obert McGourley.
Michael McLaughlin, died Sept. 14, '62, of wduiids.
Michael McGrory.
Peter McGeary, disch. Aug. 29, '61.
James McNulty, disch. Sept. 26, '62.
W. Miller, May 21, '64 ; trans, to Co. G, Sth Regt.
Abijah Mitchell.
Jos. Mox, May 23, '64 ; trans, to Co. (4, Sth Regt.
William Mullen, disch. Aug. IS, '62.
Robert Munday, trans, to Co. B.
Michael O'Neil.
Constantiue O'Neil, disch. Oct. IS, 62.
F. O'Neil, Feb. 7, '62 ; died Feb. 25, '62.
Fritz Olsun. May 20, '64; trans, to Co. G, Sth Regt.
.r. Jenn, May 21, '64; trans, to Co. G, Sth Regt.
Jeremiah C. Price, trans, to Co. G, Sth Regt.
William Proud, Jr., killed June 1, '62.
Nathan Rambo, diseh. Jan. 16, '63.
William H. Randolph, trans, to Co. G, Sth Regt.
M. H. Reynolds, Sept. 17, '61 ; disch. Dec. 9, '61.
W. V. Robinson, May 23, '64 ; tr. to Co. G, Sth Regt.
A. Schaider, May 23, '64; trans, to Co. G, Sth Regt.
.John S. Sibbett, disch. July 24, '62.
William Snape, disch. Sept. 7, '64.
G. J. Stewart, May 21, '64 ; tr. to Co. G, Sth Regt.
John Scott, May 26, '64.
\Iahlon Smith.
John A. Smith, died Nov. 30. '63.
William Streeper, disch. Oct. 17, '62.
Levi Swan, died Oct. 10, '62.
Henry H. Stiles, Sept. IS, '61.
Mathew Timnicns, trans, to V. R. C.
William Thompson, disch. Sept. 7, '64.
.1. H. Thompson, disch. July 24, '62.
P. Vandertimer,May 21, '64 ; tr. to Co. G, Sth Regt.
Isaac Warr, Feb. 5, '62 ; trans, to V. R. C.
George F. Ward, diseh. Sept. 16, '62.
W. H. Watsou, Aug. 17, '62; trans, to V. R. C.
J. H. Wilkins, May 16, '64 ; tr. to Co. G, Sth Regt.
Nathaniel F. Wilkinson, trans, to V. R. C.
John Wiley, killed Aug. 29, '62.
Edgar S. Wilkinson, killed May .5, '62.
James Wittle, disch. Sept. 7, '64.
Captain Ben.famin D. Coi.ey, .son of
John and Ann (Day) Coley, born at Rad-
dell, Bedfordshire, England, February 1,
1826, emigrated with his parents to America
in ]S'29, landed at I'liiladelphia and soon
afterward located in Camden. At tiie age of
six he went to live with a farmer in Bur-
lington County and remained tlicre, working
on the farm in summer anil attending school
16
in winter, until he was fourteen, when he re-
turned home and for several years assisted
his father at whip-making. He was next
employed for five years with Richard Fet-
ters, of Camden, and next engaged in the
restaurant business and also kept a billiard
saloon in Camden until the opening of the
Civil War, in 1861, when, in company with
the Camden Light Artillery, a military or-
ganization to which he belonged for about
six years, he went to Trenton and entered the
service three days after President Lincoln's
first call for volunteer soldiers. As second
sergeant of the company, which was assigned
to the Fourtii New Jersey Regiment, he re-
mained three months, the term of enlistment,
and during that time participated in the first
battle of Bull Run. The company was dis-
charged July 27, 1861, at the expiration of
the term of service, and on the 9th of August
following he began to recruit a company for
the three years' service, which, on September
9, 1861, became Company K of the Sixth
Xew Jersey Regiment, and he was chosen
second lieutenant. This regiment formed a
part of tiie famous " New Jersey Brigade,"
which was assigned to General Hooker's di-
vision, participated in 1862, under General
McClellau, in the Peninsular campaign, in
the siege of Yorktown, battles of Williams-
burg, Fair Oaks, Seven Pines and Malvern
Hill, in the Army of the Potomac under
(Jeneral Pope, in the battle of Bri.stow Sta-
tion, the second Bull Run engagement and
the battle of Chantilly, and in the battle of
(fentreville, under General Sickles; in
1863, in the Army of the Potomac, under
General Buruside, at Fredericksburg, and
Chancellorsville under General Hooker, and
in July of the same year in the battle of Get-
tysburg, under General Meade, at which
place he was in command of Company H of
the Sixth Regiment. On November 17,
1862, he was promoted to first lieutenant,
and on September 24, 1863, was promoted to
captain of Company I of the .same regiment.
122
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
The other engagements in which Captain
Coley participated were the battles of" Wrap-
ping Heights, McCleau's Ford and Pine
Run, all in Virginia. At the last-named
battle, owing to the terrible strain, he was
disabled for further military duty, and on
March 4, 18G4, was discharged from the
service on a surgeon's certificate.
Soon after his return home he entered the
employ of Thomas Clyde & Co., of Phila-
delphia, as an engineer, and continued with
that firm until 1868, when he began the gro-
cery business at the corner of Third and Fed-
eral Streets, where he has ever since contin-
ued and prospered. Captain Coley was
married, September 9, 1848, to Margaret K.
Southwick, daughter of James Southwick, of
Camden, by whom he has three children, all
residing in Camden. Mrs. Coley died May
13, 1885. Martha, the eldest daughter, is
married to Henry S. Wood; Alma J)., is
married to Charles H. Thompson; Benjamin
D. Coley, the only son and youngest child, is
married to Hattie Wil.son. Captain Coley
is prominently connected with the fraternal
and beneficial orders of Camden, being a
member of Thomas M. K. Lee, Jr., Post,
G. A. R., No. 5 ; Chosen Friends Lodge, No.
29 ; and Camden Encampnient, No. 12, of I.
( ). (). F. ; Damon Lodge, No. 2, K. of 1'. ;
Iron Hall ; and Camden Council of Royal
Arcanum.
Ninth Ri;(;iMi',Nr. — This command, of
which Company I was recruited in Camden
Couuty, was mustered at Camp Olden,
October 5, 1861, under authctrity of the War
Department for the organization of a regi-
ment (if riflemen, and arrived at Washing-
ton December 4th with one thousand one
hundred and forty-two men on its rolls. In
Januaiy, 1862, it was assigned to General
Reno's brigade, and sailed with Burnside's
expedition to Roanoke Island, N. C, where
Colonel Jo.seph W. Allen was drown('<l in
disembarking. At the battle of February
8th it rendered admirable service in picking
off the (Confederate gunners by its sharji-
shooting, and Burnside privileged it to place
the name " Roanoke Island " and the date
of the fight in gold on its regimental flag.
Besides this the principal engagements in
which it shared were the.se :
Newberne, N. C, March 14, 1862 ; Fort Macon,
X. C, April 25, 18ti2 ; Young's Cross-Roads, N. C,
July 27, 18()2 ; Rowell's Mill, N. C, November 2,
1802; Deep Creek, N. C, December 12, 18(52;
Southwest Creek, N. C, December 13, 18ti2; Kins-
toii, N. C, December 14, 18(12; Whiteliall, N. C,
December 1(3, 1862 ; Goldsborougli, N. C, Decem-
ber 17, 1862; Comfort, N. C, July 6, 1863; Win-
ton, N. C, July 26, 1863; Deep Creek, N. C,
Febiuary 7, 1864; Cherry Grove, N. C, April 14,
1864; Port Walthall, Va., May 6 and 7, 1864;
Swift Creek, Va., May 9 and 10,1864; Drury's
lilutr, Va., May 12-16, 1864; Cold Harbor, Va.,
June 3-12, 18(34; Petersburg, Va., June 20 to
August 24, 18()4 ; Gardner's Bridge, N. C, Decem-
ber, 9, 1864; Foster's Bridge, N. C, December 10,
1S64; Butler's Bridge, N. C, December 11, 1864;
Southwest Creek, N. C, March 7, 1865; Wise's
Fork, N. C, March 8-10, 1865; (Joldsborough,
N. C, March 21, 1865.
This long record is full of brave achieve-
ments by the regiment. At the battle of
Young's Cross-Roads Caj)tain Hufty, with
the Camden company, charged a bridge and
cai>tured eighteen jiri.soners. January 21,
]8(J4, two-thirds of the men re-enlisted while
at the front in North Carolina. At Drury's
Bluff, where the recounoi.sance that preceded
the fight was made by Hufty's men, the regi-
ment lost one hundred and fifty killed and
wounded. Colonel Zabriski was one of the
fatally wounded, and General Heckman was
taken j)risouer. The Richmond Examiner
expressed its satisfaction " at the destruction
of Hecknian's brigade," and that " the cele-
brated New Jersey Rifle Regiment has been
completely destroyed, thus ridding the bleed-
ing Caroliuas of a terrible scourge." Cap-
tain Charles Hufty was fatally wounded at
the head of Company I in the skirmish at
Southwest Creek, March 7, LSfir).
The regiment was mustered out June 14,
1865, and was discharged by the State on the
THE WAR FOR THE UNTOX.
28th. It Imd taken part in forty-two er)-
gagenients ; sixty-one enlisted men were
killed in battle, four hundred wounded,
forty-three died from wounds and one hun-
dred from disease. Eight officers had been
killed and twenty-three wounded. It was
successively attached to the Ninth, Eigh-
teenth, Tenth and Twenty-third Army Corps.
The Camden County enlistments were as
follows :
COMPANY 1, NINTH REGIMENT NEW .lERSEY VOL-
UNTEERS.
[This culupany was mustered in October 8, 1861, and mustered out
July 12, 1805, unless otherwise stated.]
0(pfains.
Henry F. Chew, Nov. 12, '61, res. March !(, 'i>'2.
Samuel Hiifty, March 7, '62, pro. maj. June 15, '64.
Chas. Hiifty, July 25, '04, died Mar. 14, 'Co, of vvnds.
David Killc, July 7, '65, vice Hufty, died.
Fir-ff Lieutenaiitis.
Charles M. Pinkard, Mar. 19, '62, res. Dec. 28, '62.
R. D. Swain, Dec. 29,'62, pro. capt. Co. K, Feb.10,'65.
Second Lieuteitants.
Chas. B. Springer, Mar. 9, '62, died July 31, '62.
J. C. Bowker, Dec. 29, '62, pro.lst It. Co.D July y>, '64.
D. Whitney, Mar.28, '65, pro. Istlt.Co.A June22,'65.
First Sergeants.
Edward H. Green, pro. 2d It. Co. D Jan. 14, '6^^.
Chas. P. Goodwin, com. 2d lieut. June 22, '65.
Sergeants.
Mark L. Carnly.
Charles Keene.
Lewis Murphy.
John C. Smith.
Edward D. Matson, dis. Oct. 7, '64.
Samuel B. Harbison, trans, to V. R. C.
Corporals.
John S. Hampton, dis. July 19, '65.
Joseph Wolf. Jan. 20, '64.
Eugene Sullivan, March 22, '64.
John B. Mitchell, Feb. 27, '64.
James W. Daniels.
Lewis S. Mickel, dis. July 19, '65.
Abrani M. Dickinson, March 1, '64.
James H. Tash, dis. March 24, '63.
Charles G. Lorch, dis. Nov. 17, '62.
Wm. O. Birch, dis. March 17, '63.
John Schweible, Sept. 30, '61, trans, to V. R. C.
Chas. Hoffman, died June 5, '64. of wounds.
Geo. N. Cawman, killed May 8, '64.
Robt. Alcorn, bugler, dis. Aug. 25, '62.
Robert P. Craig, musician, dis. Nov. 10, '62.
Charles Beyer, Sept. 30, '61.
.\sa K. Harbert, dis. July IS, '6i>.
Wm. H. Tonkin, wagoner, dis. Nov. 8, '64.
I'rh'ale.-^.
Charles Albertson, Jan. 3. '65, dis. May 22, '65.
Edward L. Alvord, pro. Feb. 8, '64.
Joshua Anderson.
Frederick Babser, March 1, '()5.
Joshua Ballinger, Sept. 2, '64, dis. June 14, '65.
John Bennett.
Hiram D. Beckett, Feb. 23, '64, trans, to Co. A.
Smith Bilderbaek, i)r(i. Oct. S, '61.
John Brady.
Samuel T. Butcher, April 7, "65.
Malachi Blackman, March 7, '65, trans, to Co. K.
Albert C. Cawman, dis. Dec. 7, '65.
.Tames V. Clark.
John L. Cliti', Feb. 24, '65.
John M. Clark, Jan. 17, '65, trans, to Co. C.
Enoch Cordrey, dis. Dec. 7, '64.
George Cortwright, Feb. 16, '64.
William E. Creed, March 4, '64.
John P. Crist, Feb. 23, '65.
John M. Davis, Sept. 5, '64, dis. June 14, '65.
Geo. 0. Davis, April 8, '()5, trans, to Co. A.
Benj. H. Dilmore, March 29, '<15, trans, to Co. K.
Josiah Dubois, trans, to V. R. C.
Edward H. Davis.
Philip Ebert, Sept. 30, '61, dis. Feb. 23, '65.
Henry Eipert, dis. July 19, '65.
James W. Elkiuton.
Benj. Estilow, Feb. 6, '65.
Henry Essex, April 8, '65, trans, to Co. A.
Leo Eckert, Sept. 30, '61, died Sept. 11, '63.
George B. Evans, Dec. 28, '63.
Francis Fagan, April 6, '()5.
Wm. Floyd, Sept. 2, '64.
Fredk. Felney, dis. Nov. 19, '62.
Bernard Fagan, April 12, '65, trans, to Co. F.
Thomas Fannin, April 6, '65.
Robert Green, Dec. 29, '63.
Philip S. Garrison, Jan. 28, '64, dis. May 13, '65.
Benj. Gill, dis. Nov. 18, '62.
Thomas Grady, April 13, '65, trans, to Co. H.
James Graham, Dec. 28, '65, trans, to Co. H.
MaxGumpert, April 13, '65, trans, to Co. H.
John Gorman, March 14, '64.
Wm. P. Corliss, dis. Mar. 24, '63.
Joshua D. Haines.
Wm. A. Harper, Sept. 14, '(;4, dis. June 14, '65.
James J. Harris, April 6, '65.
Wm. H. Harris, Aug. .30, '64, dis. June 14, '65.
John H. Hilyard.
John W. Harbison, dis. March 24, '63.
John H. Harvey, dis. Nov. 19, '62.
124
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Henry A. Hartrantt, trans, to Co. D.
James A. Hawthorne, April 13, '65, trans, to Co. H.
Andrew J. Hanley, died Feb. 22, '65.
Wni. G. Hartline," died Feb. 3, '63.
Magnus Hepburn, died Oct. 16, '64.
Wm. H. Hughes, March 1, '64, died March 12, '64.
Enoch Irelan, Feb. 14, '63.
Richmond Ireland, dis. Nov. 19, 't>2.
John N. Johnson.
Andrew Kauffman.
Daniel Kelcher, April 6, '65.
Nathan Kell, Feb. 24, '65.
Thomas H. Kijer.
Charles Klapproth, March !), '64, dis. July 19, '65.
Charles Koarley, April 13, '65, trans, to Co. H.
John Kingston, April 6, '65.
Samuel M. Layman, dis. June 22, '65.
Henry Loper, dis. Dec. 7, '64.
George H. Lott.
Thomas W. Lumis.
Samuel Lester, dis. March 18, '63.
Wm. B. Loper, dis. Nov. 19, '62.
Ezekiel Madara, Nov. 10, '64.
Joseph Madara, March 29, '65.
Joseph Manderville, Feb. 10, '65.
James P. Mattson, dis. Oct. 8, '64.
Edmund L. Mattock, dis. Nov. 25, '62.
Frank E. Mailey, March 6, '65, trans, to Co. D.
George W. Matlock, March 7, '65, trans, to Co. P.
James McCormick, March 31, '64.
James McDonald, Feb. 15, '65.
James McGhie, Feb. 8, '64.
Wm. McLaughlin, Feb. 24, '65.
James McClay, April 12, '65, trans, to Co. E.
John McDonald, April 13, '65, trans, to Co. E.
Robert McDonald, April 13, '65, trans, to Co. E.
Henry McFerrin, Feb. 4, '65, trans, to Co. C.
Wm. Measey, Feb. 10, '65.
Charles B. Messick, dis. Nov. 19, '62.
John Mctzler, April 13, '65, trans, to Co. H.
Albert C. Mifflin.
David T. Miller, Dec. 29, '63.
John Miller, Sept. 30, '61.
August Miller, April 12, '65, trans, to Co. A.
David Morgan, Aug. 31, '64, dis. June 14, '65.
John Morgan, Aug. 31, '64.
Charles H. Miller, died Aug. 23, '64,
Thompson Mosher, March 24, '64, dis. July 23, '65.
Stephen M. Mosure, killed in action June 3, '64,
Charles D. Multbrd, dis. Dec. 7, '64.
John MuUer, Feb. 16, '64, dis. Sept. 29, '65.
Daniel Myers, Sept. 24, '64, dis. June 14, '65.
George M. Newkirk, Sept. 4, '65, dis. June 14, '65.
John Newkirk.
Wm. H. Nonamaker.
August Noll, Feb. 12, '64, trans, to Co. A.
Bernard O'Brien, April 12, '65.
Christian Oatanger, dis. March 24, '63.
John Ostertag, May 28, '62, dis. June 3, '65.
James O'Neil, Feb. 6, '64.
Stephen C. Park, Sept. 5, '64, dis. June 14, '65.
Thomas Parsons.
John A. Patton.
Daniel Parr, Jan. 30, '64, died May 29, '64, ot wnds.
Samuel Perkins, Feb. 14, '65.
Eli B. Price, Feb. 16, '64.
Reuben R. Pittman.
John Powell.
Albert Reis, Aug. 21, '62, dis. June 14, '65.
Francis Reitz, Feb. 28, '65.
Tylee Reynolds, Feb. 26, '64, dis. June 27, '65.
Isaac Reeves, dis. March 24, '63.
Irvin Rodenbough, Feb. 26, '61.
Jacob Schmidt, Sept. 30, '61, dis. July 19, '65.
Charles Schnabel, Feb. 6, '65.
Philip Schmidt, Sept. 30, '61, dis. May 9, '63.
Henry Scholz, July 21, '62, dis. May 7, '63.
Henry Schra-der, April 8, '65.
Charles Shepherd, pro. com. sergt. Jan. 1, '62.
Arthur F. Shoemaker, Feb. 27, '64, dis. June24,'65.
Jonathan ShuU.
Andrew J. Shuller, Jan. 2S, '65, dis. May 27, '65.
Francis H. Singwald, Feb. 28, '65.
Samuel F. Staulcup, killed in action Dec. 16, '62.
James W. Somers, Aug. 30, '64, dis. June 14, '65.
Wm. C. Sparks.
Francis C. Strawn, Aug. 31, '64, dis. June 14, '65.
Wm. B. Stretch, Sept. 2, '64, dis. June 14, '65.
Amos Strickland, Sej)t. 5, '64, dis. June 14, '65.
Herman Steibertz, Sept. 30, '61, dis. Sept. 11, '63.
Leonard Stoll, June 16, '62, dis. July 17, '63.
Reuben Segraves, killed in action May 16, '64.
John Sparks, died Nov. 15, '64.
Wm. Speakman, Feb. 5, '64.
John E. Taylor.
Samuel B. Taylor.
Charles Taylor, dis. July 23, '62.
Wm. Thompson, Feb. 21, '65, dis. June 21, '65.
Sylvester J. Tinsman, Feb. 16, '64, dis. Feb. 16, '65.
George V. Townsend.
George L. Tnrnbull, dis. Oct. 8, '64.
Charles Vannanian, Feb. 24, '64.
Smith B. Vining.
Amos J. Van Gordon, Feb. 15, '64, dis. Aug. 2, '65.
James Van Gordon, Feb. 15, '64.
Aaron Vanculen, died Aug. 22, '63.
Wm. Warlord, Feb. 15, '64.
John Warple, dis. Nov. 7, '62.
Paul Wax, April 13, '65, trans, to Co. H.
John Walker, Sept. 30, '61.
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
1-J5
Frederick Weber, Sept. 30, '(>1.
George L. Web.ster, Aug. 30, "li-l, dis. Juiu' 14, '(i').
Courad Weitzell, Aug. 30, '04, dis. .lunc 14, '05.
John Welcli, April li, '05.
Christian Wellendorf, Sept. 30, '01, dis. Doe. S. ■t;4.
David Wensel, dis. Nov. 17, '62.
Joseph West, dis. June 1, '63.
Josiah Wensell, killed in action May HI, '04.
Wm. Williams, dis. May 17, '62.
George G. White, died April 18, '02.
Fenwick A. Woodsides, Sept. I,'(i4, dis. July ir),'Or).
Edward S. Woolbert, Feb. 27, '64.
Augustus Reuiming, killed in action ]\ray lii,'04.
Wm G. Youmans, Feb. 17, 'tl.'>.
Isaac Zaues, died May 3, '02.
Colonel Sa.muel Hufty, tlie son of
Samuel and Jo.sephiue Rapiii^rcble Huf'ty,
was born in Philadelphia January 1, 1834.
He graduated from the High School of his
native city and, after a year spent in Illinois,
removed to Chester County, Pa., where he
followed for eight years the life of an agri-
culturist. Repairing in 1858 to Camden, he
was employed in the capacity of clerk. Colo-
nel Hufty, at the beginning of the war, in
1861, enlisted as captain of (Jompany F,
Ninth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers,
for three months, and joined tlie command of
General Patterson in the Shenandoah Valley.
At the expiration of his time of service he
liecarae first lieutenant of Company I, Xinth
Regiment New Jersey Volunteers, and was,
March 9, 1862, made captain of the com-
pany. On the loth of June, 186-1, he was
promoted to the office of major of the regi-
ment, and in February, 1865, was made
lieutenant-colonel. He was mustered out on
the 31st of July, 1865. Among the more
important engagements in which he partici-
[)ated were those at Roanoke Island, New-
bern (where he was wounded). Fort Macon,
King.ston (N.C.), Goldsboro' (N. C), Drury's
Bluff, Cold Harbor, Petersburg (from June
20 to August 16, 1864, where he was wound-
ed by a sharpshooter), Wise's Forks (N. C.)
and Goldsboro' (second), where he was
provost-marslial and commanded the regi-
ment. On liis di.scharge he engaged in tlie
himbcr business in Somerset County, Md.,
and in 1872 (-ame to Camden. Colonel
Hufty was, in 1877, appointed city auditor
and received, in 1885, the appointment of
(uty comptroller foi- three years from the ( 'ity
< 'ouncil of Camden.
Baldwin Hufty, the brother of ("oloue!
Hufty, entered the service in 1861 as ser-
geant, was made se(^ond lieutenant of (Jom-
])any B, Third Regiment New Jersey Vol-
unteers, and first lieutenant of Company E in
1862. He was, November 26th of tiie same
year, elected captain of Company I) of the
Fourth Regiment New Jersey Volunteers,
and made lieutenant-colonel of the regiment
on the 28th of March, 1865. He partici-
pated in nearly all the battles of the Army
of the Potomac and was breveted colonel.
TiiK Tenth RE(iiMENT. — This command
was eventually attached to the First Brigade
of New Jersey Volunteers. Companies A, E,
H,and I, of it, were recruited in Camden
County. It was created under authority
from the War Department and recruited b\'
Colonel William Bryan, of Beverly, again.-^t
the wishes of Governor Olden, although it
was named the " Olden Legion." His objec-
tion was that the War Department issued the
authorization direct to private individuals in-
stead of through and to the officials of the
State — a course wiiich had previously been
unknown. The regiment proceeded to Wasii-
ington December 2G, 1861. On January 29,
] 862, the Governor finally accepted it as part
of the quota of New Jersey, whereupon it was
thoroughly reorganized and designated as tiie
Tenth Regiment, and Colonel William R.
Murphy appointed to it. In April, 1863, it
was relieved from j)rovost dut)' in Washing-
ton and sent to Suffolk, Va., where, on April
23d and May 4th, it shared in the repulse of
Lougstreet as a portion of Corcoran's brigade.
Peck's division. Seventh Corps. In July it
was ordered to Philadelphia in anticipation
oi" a resistance to the draft, and remained
tiicre two mouths. Its dre.ss parades were
126
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
one of the shows of the city. In September
it was moved to Pottsvilie, Pa., and spent
the winter of 1863-64 in Schiiylkill, Carbon
and Luzerne Counties repressing the Con-
federate sympatliizers of the coal region, who
were encouraging desertions, interfering with
recruiting, interrupting mining operations
and murdering men conspicuous for their de-
votion to the Union. Colonel O. H. Ryer-
son, who succeeded Murphy in command,
was president of a commission which tried
many of these offenders. During the winter
the regiment re-enlisted and in April, 1864,
joined the First Brigade at Brandy Station,
Virginia, sharing in all its subsequent
battles and losing Colonel Ryerson, who was
mortally wounded in the Wilderness, on May
6th. It saw some hard service, under Sheri-
dan, in Shenandoah Valley. It was recruited
before returning to Grant's lines in front of
Petersburg, and with four hundral and fifty
men in its ranks was mustered out at Hall's
Hill, Va., June 22d and July 1, 1865.
The Camden County companies of the
Tenth were made up as shown by the an-
nexed lists :
COMPANY A, P'IRST REGIMENT NEW JERSEY VOL-
IINTEERS.
Capi<aiis.
Isaac W. Wifkle, Oct. 17, '(Jl.died March 22, •02.
Ephraim C. VVare, March 22, 'C2, dis. Oct. 22, '64.
Joseph G. Strock, Feb. 11, '65, dis. July 1, '05.
First Lieutenants.
Philip :\I. Armington, Sept. 21,'01, res. Sept. 24,'01.
Chas. V. C. Murphy, Apr. 17, '02, dis. Apr. 18, '65.
James H. Jordan, June 2, '65, dis. July 1, '05.
Secniid Lietiteiumt.
Wni. C. Feiininiore, Oct. 17, '61, res. Feb. 22, '64.
Firiit Sergeant.
Benjamin \ Pine, Sept. 23, '01, pro. 2d lieul. Co.
C Oct. 24, '63.
Sergeants.
Jeremiah Saunders, Sept. 7, '61, dis. .luly 0, '(iA.
Thomas B, Bareford, Sejit. 10, '01, dis. Sep. 14, '01.
Benjamin Wilson, Sept. 7, '61, dis, July 1, 'O.'i.
Augustus C. Wilson, July 25, '02, dis. July 1, '05.
Joseph M. Webb, Sept. 10, '01, dis. July 1, '05.
Theodore Harrington, Aug. liVO:i, dis. July 1,'C5.
Oliver H. Ritchson, Sept. 7, '61, dis Oct. 31, '03.
William Rich, Sept. 7, '61, killed Aug. 17, '04.
Howard Fisher, Oct. 2, '62, died Nov. 12, '04.
Corponih.
Hiram E. Budd, Sept. 21, '61, dis. Feb. 7, '64.
James W. Fithian, Oct. 23, '61, dis. Oct. 22, '64.
John Marshall, Sept. 10, '61, dis. Sept. 10, '64.
Charles H. Small, Sept. 24, '61, dis. July 1, '05.
James McGeever, Aug. 9, '04, dis. July 1, '05.
Samuel B. Cambrou, Nov. 14, '01, dis. July 1, '05.
John Kenny, May 9, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
John McMann, Sept. 21, '01, dis. July 1, '65.
Ellis P. Whitcraft, Sept. 21, '01, dis. Feb. 10, '65.
Wm. H. Jones, Oct. 23, '61, dis. June 8, '64, of wds.
Philip F. Hilpard,Oct. 5, '61, died Oct. 5, '64.
D. H. Holcomb.mus., Sept. 10, '61, dis. Sept. 10,'04.
Wm. McOraw, mus., Dec. 4, '63, dis. July 1, '65.
G. Hubbard, wag., Sept. 30, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
J. F. Kihnley, wag., Sept. 10, '65, dis. May 15, '62.
Privates.
Alonzo Allen. Feb. 1, '65, dis. .July 1, '65.
Alfred Anderson, Sept. 21, '01, dis. Sept. 21, '64.
Peter Ayres, Aug. 12, '62, dis. Nov. 11, '62.
Thomas F. Asay,Nov. 30, '61, dis. Nov. 20, '64.
Edward Ayres, Sept. 7, '61, died Dec. 10, '04.
Louis Adams, Jan. 24, '(55.
William Adams, Feb. 1, '65.
Edward Archer, Sept. 21, '61.
Charles Atkins, Jan. 24, 65.
Herman Bolger, Jan. 24, '65, dis. June 20, '65.
Francis Brennan, Jan. 24, '05, dis. July 1, '05.
Fred. Brooklis, Jan. 23, '05, dis. July 1, '05.
Henry Brown, Jan. 31, '65, dis. July 1, '65.
John Brown, Jan. 23, '(i5, dis. July 11, '65.
Daniel Burns, Feb. 10, '64, dis. July 1, '05.
.lobn Wesley Burdon, Oct. 18, '01, dis. May 27,'(!2.
(ieorge W. Brill, Feb. 25, '04, trans, to Co. I.
John A. Brown, Jan. 24, '65, trans, to Co. H.
Levi Butler, Dec. 20, '63, killed May 14, '64.
.loseph Baker, Feb. 24, '64.
James Barker, Feb. 6, '04.
Robert P. Belville, Oct. 20, '61.
John Boden, Feb. 11, "04.
.I.ames Boyd, Jan. 5, '04.
John Boyle, Dec. 5, '63.
John Brennan (1), March 15, '64.
.Tohn Brennan (2), Jan. 23, '65.
John Brown, Jan. 5, '64.
Walter Brown, Dec. 27, '63.
Edward Bymer, Jan. 5, '64.
Peter D.Cheeseman, Sept. 21, '61, dis. Sept. 28,'04.
John A.Cole, Jan. 19, '04, dis. July 1, '65.
John .1. (Countryman, Oct. 8, '62, dis. April 10, '63.
Samuel Craig, Oct. 21, '01, died July 21, 03.
Edward Campbell, Dec. 28, '03.
THE WAR FOR THE TTNEON.
127
James Cavanaugh, Nov. 24, '(i8.
John Clark, Aug. 22, '(33.
Joseph C. Collins, Jan. 2, '64.
John Cortwright, Dec. 24, '63.
Charles Curtis, Dec. 16, '63.
Wm. Davis, Feb. 16, '65, dis. July I. '65.
John Doran, Jan. 31, '65, dis. .hily 1, '65.
Owen Doyle, Nov. 2% '64, dis. Aug. 21, '65.
Edward Daly, Aug. 16, '62, dis. July 21, '63.
Edward Davis, Sept. 30, '61, killed July 13, '64.
J.-hn Decker, Oct. 8, '62, died Jan. 14, '63.
John Dawson, Nov. 25, '65.
John Diginan, April 22, '64.
Michael Dolehenty, Dec. 4, '63.
Martin Doyle, Feb. 6, '64.
Arthur Dolan, Jan. 31, '65.
Emanuel Eck, Feb. 23, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Augustus Eck, Feb. 17, '64.
Frederick Erickson, Dec. 11, '63.
Herman Erickson, May 17, '64.
John F;rle, Jan 19, '64.
Peter Friend, Jan. 24, '65, dis. July 1, '65.
Robert Fitzpatrick, Jan. 23, '65.
(iideon C. Fletcher, Oct. 0, '(i2.
.fames Flynn, Dec. 7, '63.
Henry Frank, Oct. 28, '61.
Louis Frank, Sept. 21, '61.
John VV. Garwood, Sept. 7, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
Thomas Geary, Dec. 15, '63, dis July 1, '61.
Henry Goodman, Feb. 16, '64, dis. May 19, '65
George Gould, Dec. 24, '63, dis. May 19, '65.
Amos Gaunt, Oct. 7, "61.
Daniel Gorman, Dec. 7, '()3.
Joseph Gilhcart, Sept. 10, '61, dis. May 26, '62.
Baptist Gra.st, Sept. 24, '61, dis. April 15, '62.
Abraham Hardy, Dec. 29, '63, dis. July 1, '64.
Thomas Hess, Sept. 21, '61, dis. July 1, '()3.
Wm. H.H. Hawlings, Dec. 10, '61, dis. July 1,'
Levi C. Huft; Dec. 24, '63, dis. July 1, '64.
Geo. W. Hinchman, Sept. 7, '61, died July 5, '6
Thomas Haley, Aug. Hi, '()2.
John Hall, Mar. 21, '64.
Joseph llaller, Feb. 26, 'M.
Franklin J. Hart, March 14, '64.
Charles Henry, F'eb. 17, '64.
Ericks Herman, May 17, '64.
John Hurly, Feb. 17, '64.
(Jeorge Inman, Jan. 5, '64, died Feb. 24, '65.
Gustavu.s Johnson, Dec. 11, '63, dis. Aug. 24, '6
Henry Jones, Sept. 8, '63.
William Jones, March 28, '64.
John H. June, March 18, '64.
James Kays, Dec. 29, '63, dis. July. 1, '65.
Jonas R. Keene, April 15, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Peter Kennedy, Jan. 31, '65, dis. June 22, '65.
Aaron Kihler, Jan. 26, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Wm. F. Killip, Oct. 10, '61, dis. Sept. 10, '64.
Watson King, Sept. 21, '(Jl, dis. May 27, '62.
Louis Koenig, Oct 14, '61, dis. Jan. 29, '63.
.lacob S. Kay, Oct. 14, '61, died Oct. 7, '64.
Samuel Kell, Oct. 7, '61.
IVter Kelly, Jan. 31, '65.
William Kent, August 15, '64.
Michael Love, Jan. 2, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
John M. Lutz, Sept. 10, '61, dis. Sept. 10, '64.
Daniel Lutz, Nov. (i, 't!l, ilied June 24, '64.
.Fames Leonard, August 15, '62.
Charles Marshall, Sept. 10, '61, dis. Sept. 10, '64.
Geo. H. Mcintosh, I'eb. 3, '64, dis. July 21, 'i\r,.
Wm. H. McKeen, Sept. 21, '(!1, dis. July 1, '65.
Aug. R. McMahon, June 14, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Wm. Mershon, Feb. 2, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Frederick N. Moore, Jan. 2, '64, dis. June 26, 'y\'^
Wm. H. Myers, Sept. 21, '61, dis. Sept. 21, '(;4.
Daniel G. Miller, Nov. 21, '71, dis. April 10, '(i3.
L. McConncll, Oct. 14, '61, died Dec. 5, '64, of wds
Michael Maher, Jan. 28, '64.
William H. Martin, March 21, '64.
Daniel McCahill, Dec. 9, '63.
Charles McCarthy, Jan. 31, '(!5.
John B. IMcCord, Feb. 1, '(;5.
John McGinnis, Sept. 14, "61.
Thomas Meagher, Aug. 28, '63.
Peter Jliller, Sept. 21, '61.
John Morris, March 4, '64.
Wm. O. Nelson, Feb. 2, '(i5, dis. July 1, '{)r^.
Henry North, Sept. 24, '61, dis. Sept. 24, 'i;4.
Henry Nichols, Sept. 21, '61, died March 28, '62.
Abraham Palmer, Dec 4, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
Clayton Parker, Sept. 10, '61, dis. Sept. 10, '64.
Henry Parker, Jan. 23, '65, dis. July 1, '65.
James Peaden, Jan. 24, '65, dis. July 1, '65.
Theodore Peeire, April 30, '65, dis. July 1, '65.
John H. Piatt, Sept. 21, '61, dis. Sept. 21, '64.
Samuel Pine, Nov. 9, '61, dis. May 21, '69.
James Powderly, Aug. 16, '62, dis. June 22, '65.
Jacob L. Parker, Sept. 10, '61, dis. May 24, '62.
Jtdm H. Paul!, March 29, '64, dis. Jan. 26, '(i5.
John B. Porter, April 5, '64.
Thomas Rafferty, Dec. 4, '63, dis. July 1, '65.
Wm. B. Reynolds, Sept. 7, '64, dis. June 13, '65.
George Roseman, Nov. 23, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
Wm. B. Ryker, Dec. 24, '63, dis. June 14, '^\o.
Samuel Roads, Feb. 16, '64, killed June I, '64.
John A. Roary,Sept. 21, '61, died July 3, '64.
Philip Rader, July 4, '62.
.Tames Reynolds, Feb. 11, 64.
William Robb, Jr., Sept. 10, '61.
Samuel Sharp, Sept. 21, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
(\)rnelius Shea, Aug. 1, '63, dis. July 1,'65.
128
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, ^sVAY JERSEY.
John A. Simmerman, Sept. 7, '(il, dis. July 1, '65.
Charle.s Sipe, Feb. 10, 'M, dis. July 1, T>r>.
George Smith, Jan. 31, '65, dis. July 1, '65.
John Smith, Jan. 31, '65, dis. July 1, '65,
I^arkin Smith, Sept. 21, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
Abraham Spargo, Dec. 24, '63, dis. July 1, '65.
Charles Swain, Oct. 28, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
.loseph E. Subers, Feb. 16, '64, died April 14, '64.
Joseph Saulsberry, Sept. 21, '61.
John Shelley, Feb. 1, '65.
Henry W. Smith, Sept. 10, '61.
Charles Springer, Jan. 21, '64.
George Sprowl, Jau. 5, '64.
Stephen Stimax, Sept. 21, '61.
Christian W. Smith, Oct. 26, '61, trans, to V. R. C.
Thomas Stevenson, Jan. 14, '64, dis. July 6, '65 .
James Stewart, Aug. 25, '64.
Thomas Sweeney, Jan. 24, '65.
Frederick Taple, Sept. 24, '61, di.s. .Inly 1, '65.
,Iohn Thompson, Dec. 24, '63, dis. July 1, '65.
Edward Tobin, Dec. 24, '61, dis. July 1, '(i5.
Eugene Taylor, Sept. 21, '(il , killed Sept. 1!>, '64.
John W. Thomas, Sept. 21, '(U.
Walter B. Thomas, Oct. 7, "61.
W^illiara Thompson, Aug. 19, '63.
Alfred Turner, Feb. 16, '64.
John Twilagen, June 21, '()4.
Israel E. Vanneman, Sept. 7, '61, dis. ,)iily 6, '65.
John Volkert, Oct. 13, '61, dis. .luly 1, '64.
William Vaukirk, Feb. 22, '64.
John Watson, Sept. 21, '61, dis. May 6, '65.
George Weiser, Sept. 10, '61, dis. April 24, '65.
George Williamson, Oct. 14, '61, di.s. July 1, '65.
Firth Wood, Sept. 21, '61, dis. May 6, '65.
David Wells, Sept. 2), '61, died April 14, '63.
Levi P. Wilson, Sept. 10, '61, died May 21, '62.
Daniel R. Winner, Sept. 10, '61, died June 4, '63.
Edward Wade, Aug. 1 9, '63.
Joseph Wade, March 14, '64.
George W. Wallace, Dec. 4, '63.
Martin Walsh, .Ian. 31, '(>5.
Moses Wells, July 10, '62.
Isaac Williams, Jan. 23, '65.
John Wells, Sept. 21, '61.
David C, Yourison, Sept, 23, '61, died March 2, '62.
Thomas Veach, Sept. 21, '61, dis. May 2, '65.
( )!' lliis coiiipany, Scriioaiit Williiuii Rich
was killed ill tlic hattlc uf AVin(!lie.«ter ;
Privates I>cvi I'.iitier killed May 14, 1864,
in Slicnaiuloah Valley; Sanuicl Roads killed
June 1, 1804; Edward Davis killed in battle
July i;d, 1864; Eufrene Taylor killed 8ep-
teniberlt), 1864,
COMPANY E, TENTH NEW .JERSEY VOI,UNTEERS.
Cap(ai7is.
George W. Scott, Jan. 21, '62, di.'*. Oct. 19, '65,
John Wilson, Jan. 7, '65, dis. July 1,'65.
First Lieutenants.
Albert M. Buck, Dec. 10, '61, dis. Dec. 16, '64.
Richard M. I'opham, Mar. 16; '65, dis. July 1,'65.
Second Lieutenants.
Joseph Miller, .Ian. 25, '62, resigned Jan. 29, '62.
G. W. Hughes, Jan. 6, '65, p. 1st lieut. Co. H .Ian.
23, '65.
Richard J. Robertson, Feb. 1,'65, dis. July 1,'65,
First Sergea7its.
John B. Wright, Sept. 30, '61, pro. 2d lieut. Cn. K,
.34th Regt., Nov. 10, '63.
.1. 1). Richardson, Sept. 29, '61, p. com.-sergt. Sei)t.
21, '64.
James Nichols, Feb. 17, '64, dis. July 1, '6.5,
Sergeants.
Edward W. Venable, Oct. 31 , '61 , pro. 2d lieut. Co.
B May 21, '65.
WicklifF W. I'arkhurst, Nov. 9, '61, di.s. July 1, '65.
Robert M. Hillman, June 23, '62, dis. July 1, 65.
H. C. Snyder, Sept. 28, '61, died June 8, '64, of wds.
T. B. Wescoat, Jan. 13, '62, died May 17, '64, of wds.
William S. Cazier, Dec. 18, '61, died Aug. 19, '64,
Corporals.
Samuel H. Lees, Dec. 14, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
Jefferson S. Somers, Dec. 5, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
Mahlon S. Shrouds, Nov. 26, '61, dis, July 1, '65,
Thomas Hartshorn, Feb. 29, '64, dis. July 1,'6.5.
Horatio H. Snyder, Sept. 28, '61, di.s. Oct. 1,'64.
Walter Drake, Feb. 29, '64, dis. June 20, '65.
Charles A. Thorn, Sept. 7, '61, dis. June 2, '65,
George W. Woodtbrd, Nov. 20, 61, dis. Nov. 30, '62.
Riley Letts, Dec. 26, '61, dis. Nov. 9, '63.
David Gifford, Nov. 26, '61, dis. June 21, '62.
.lonathan W. Wescoat, Dec. 26, '61, died ,Ian. 7, '65.
J. Stephenson, muc, Sept. 21, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
Samuel A. Webb, muc, Dec. 26, '61 , dis. July 5, '65.
Wm. W. Chatten, muc., Dec. 26,'61, dis. Nov. 7, '62.
Willi.am Conley, wag., Dec. 7, '61, died Mar. 12, '63.
Privates.
Thomas W. Adams, Feb. 27, '64. dis. July 1,'65.
William L. Adams, Feb. 16, '64, dis. July 1,'65.
,Ioseph Alexander, Feb. 27, '64, dis. July 1,'65.
Isaac Andrews, Feb. 27, '64, dis. July 18, '65,
Ebenezer Adams, Jan. 4, '64, dis. May 20, '65.
Richard J. Al)bott, Jau. 13, '62, killed July 12, '62.
Pitman Adams, Feb. 29, '64, died Sept, 18, '64,
Robert Anderson, .Ian. 23, '65.
William H. Anderson, Jan. 7, '65.
Theodore Arringdale, Mar. 2, '64.
THE WAE FOR THE UNION.
120
Henry Arneth, Dec. 17, 'fil.
William Bartlett, Feb. 27, 'M, tlis. July 1, '6.5.
William Bogarth, Dec. 2fi, '61, dis. July 1/65.
Freeman Briggs, Feb. 24, '64, dis. May 30, '6.").
Herman Bruusing, Nov. 18, '64, dis. June 19, '65.
Isaiah Briggs, Feb. 10, '64, dis. Jan. 16, '65.
Charles Brighton, Jan. 13, '62, dis. Jan. 15, '65.
Henry Biggs, Dec. 23, '63, trans, to Co. I.
Joseph Branson, Jan. 5, '64, trans, to Co. C.
Edward Brown, .Tan. 4, '63, trans, to Co. D.
.Tames H. Bergen, June 19, '62.
.Tohn Berry, .Tan. 17, '63.
Aaron V. Brown, Nov. 10, '62.
Adolph Busa, Nov. 20, '61.
.Toseph Cain, Jan. 4, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
David E. Clark, Jan. 4, '64, dis. .Tune 6, '65.
Jonah N. Clark, Jan. 4, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Thomas Coll, Jan. 22, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Benjamin R. Couover, Feb. 27, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Burris Conover, Dec. 14, '61, dis. .Tuly 1,'65.
James Conover, Jan. 4, '64, dis. July 1 , '65.
.Tesse Conover, Dec. 26, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
Pitman J. Conover, Dec. 14, '61, dis. July (i, '65.
David Cline, Dec. 26, '61, dis. June 28, '62.
Charles Conover, Dec. 23, '61, dis. Nov. 10, '(i2.
Casper H. Cregg, Jan. 13, '62, dis. May 24, '(i5.
.Tohn Cregg, Jan. 13, '62, dis. July 23, '63.
Alden Clarke, Dec. 26, '61, dis. Feb. 4, '62.
James Clark, Feb. 27, '64, killed in act. May 14, '64.
Jesse H. Clark, Feb. 27, '64, died Feb. 11, '65.
Robert S. Combs, Feb. 26, '64, died Aug. 17, '64.
.lob C. Conover, Dec. 7, '61, died June 1, '64.
Recompense Conover, Jan. 4, '64, died Dec. 1 1, '64.
Martin Callan, March 31, '64.
Isaac Cheesemau, November 12, '61.
Somers Conover, Oct. 8, '61.
John W. Davis, Sep. 29, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
Henry Distelhurst, Feb. 24, '64, dis. May. 30, '66.
Daniel C. Doughty, Aug. 24, '63, dis. May 18, '65.
Cornelius Duch, Jan. 4, '64, dis. June 9, '65.
Jesse Dayton, Dec. 26, (il, dis. June 4, '62.
Josiah Dilks, Dec. 5, '61, dis. Dec. 7, '63.
.lonathan R. Dailey, Jan. 13, '62, trans, to V. R. C.
William Duugla.'^s, Dec. 25, '61.
William H. Emmons, Aug. 16, '62, dis. Aug. 18, '64.
.Toshua Elberson, Dec. 9, '63, died June 22, '64.
Wyckotl' Emmons, Jan. 13, '62.
John H. Fielding, Feb. 8, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
William Fitzgerald, Jan. 14, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
John W. Forox, Feb. 24, '64, dis. .lune 9, '65.
William B. Frazicr, Nov. 19, '61, dis. May 24, '64.
Frederick Fosmer, Nov. 8, '61.
William Garey, July 10, '62, dis. .July 1, '65.
John L. Giftbrd, Nov. 26, '(!1, dis- June 8, '65.
Joseph Garron, Dec 18, '()3, trans, to Co. B.
17
David Gifford, Jan. 24, '62, trans, to V. R. C.
Oliver Goodnow, Jan. 5, '64, died Dec. 11, '64.
.Toshua Gorton, March 3, '64, died Jan. 20, '65.
John F. Grinder, Oct. 19, '61, died Sep. 3, "63.
Charles Glenn, Aug. 24, '63.
Henry Higbee, Feb. 26, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Fred. Hillerman, July 10, '62, dis. July 22, '65.
William D. Hoover, Feb. 27, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Stephen H. Horn, Jan. 2, '62, dis. July 1, '65.
John H. Hackett, Oct. 31, '61, dis. April 10, '63.
Aaron Hoaglaud, Dec. 10, '61, dis. May 10, '62.
Mahlon Horman, Dec. 5, '61, dis. .Tune 16, '(52.
Charles H. Huntsman, Dec. 26, '61, killed in ;iclion
Oct. 19, "64.
Joseph Hays, Oct. 22, '61.
Sydenham W. Houser, Feb. 25, Vi4, trans, to Co. I.
John Hunt, Dec. 23, '63.
Charles Jess, June 28, '62, dis. July 1, '65.
Wesley Jess, July 7, '62, dis. .Tuly 1, '()5.
Charles D. Johnson, Jan. 4, '62, "dis. July 1, '65.
Nathan M. Jackaway, .Tune 13, '62, dis. Feb. 7, '63.
William H. Jackson, Jan. 5, '64, died j\Iay 16, '64.
William H. Johnson, Jan. 4, '62.
Mahlon G. Kesler, Aug. 17, '63, dis. July 1, '65.
William Kent, Aug. 15, '64, trans, to Co. A.
J. Koerner, Nov. 26,'64,died Apr. 24,'65, of wounds.
Martin Kenna, June 19, '62.
John Kenty, Dec. 1, '61.
.lames Lawrence, July 14, '62, dis. July 1, 't>i.
Richard Leavy, Nov. 11, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Joel D. Ledden, March 3, '64, dis. July 1, '(■>->.
Gustave f^ueder, Nov. 17, '64, dis. .Tuly 1, '65.
William Landon, Oct. 9, '62, dis. Jan. 10, '65.
Joseph l>ee, Dec. 5, '61, dis. June 20, '62.
.John liconard, Feb. 17, '64.
Francis Lill, Feb. 25, '65, trans, to (Jo. I.
Patrick McGrory, Nov. 29, '64, dis. June 26, '65.
John McSorley, May 2, '62, dis. July 1, '65.
Matthew Midgley, Nov. 23, '64, dis. July 1 , '65.
.[ohn Misson, Aug. 19, '64, dis. .Tuly 1, '()5.
Zedic E. Moore, Nov. 22, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
.(ohn Murray, Nov. 12, '64, dis. .Tuly 1, '()5.
William A. Mason, Oct. 31, '61, dis. Nov. 4, '62.
Major S. Mathews, Dec. 26, '61, dis. .Tune 21, '62.
Robert Martin, March 8, '64, trans, to U. S. Navy.
Richard F. Magee, Jan. 23, '62, died Oct. 31, '64.
James 'McMullen, Feb. 23, '64, killeil in action
May 14, '64.
Charles C. Morgan, Oct. 19, '61, died Dec. 5, '64.
Emanuel Miller, Aug. 30, '62.
Romulus Morgan, Oct. 18, '62.
George S. Nicholas, Nov. 13, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
Cornelius Post, Sep. 21, '64. dis. June 22, '65.
Chris'er F. Pomeroy, Mar. 27, '63, trans to V. R. C.
Mark Peachy, Nov. 19, '61, died Nov. 28, '64.
130
HISTORY OF CA3IDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Andrew J. Peck, Dec. 2'.», 'Gl, died Nov. 28, 'BZ.
Thomas Peterson, Nov. 11, '61, died Jan. Itj, '62.
Edward Perry, Dec. 19, '61.
Thomas Phillips, Dec. 25, '61.
John Prior, Sep. 16, '63.
Aaron E. Reed, Feb. 27, '64, dis. .luly 1, '65.
John Reed, Jan. 31, '65.
Robert Reed, March 11, '61.
David W. Rodman, Nov. 6, "61.
William Rogers, Oct. 23, '62.
Samuel Rose, Oct. 22, '61.
Edward Riley, Feb. 2, '65, dis. July 1, '65.
Patrick Riley, Feb. 2, '65, dis. July 1, '65.
Charles J. Roberts, Feb. 2, '65, dis. July 1, '65.
Alex. C. Robinson, Jan. 2, '65, dis. July 19, '65.
Leverett G. Rogers, Feb. 2, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Wm. A. Roxbury, Aug. 10, '63, dis. July 12, '65.
Benjamin F. Scott, March 6, '65, dis. July 1, '65.
John Sears, Nov. 22, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
John Seery, March 29, '64, dis. June 29, '65.
John P. Shirley, March 11, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Milton D. Shirley, Feb. 10, '64, dis. July 13, '65.
James M. Smallwood, Feb. 27, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
Lewis S. Smith, Feb. 27, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
John H. Sperry, Feb. 21, '63, dis. July 1, '65.
Lemuel Springfield, Sep. 29, '64, dis. June 22, '65.
Daniel C. Stebbins, Feb. 27, '64, dis. July 1, 'cr,.
John Stewart, Oct. 29, '61, dis. July 1, '65.
Mathias Switzer, Jan. 23, '62, dis. July 1, '65.
Philip Shaw, Oct. 14, '61, dis. April 20, '65.
John M. Smith, Sep. 29, '64, dis. May 15, "65.
Risley Somers, Dec. 26, '61, dis. Feb. 9, '64.
Jos. W. Smallwood, Feb. 27, '64, killed May 12. '64.
Jonas Somers, Jan. 4, '64, died Aug. IS, '64.
John Shields, Dec. 14, '63.
Joseph Smith, Aug. IS, '63.
William Stokley, Nov. 7, '61.
Jesse Thomas, Jan. 4, '65, dis. July 1, '65.
Charles B. States, Nov. 25, '61, dis. Nov. 25, '64.
Philip A. Stephenson, June 22, '63, trans, to Co. H.
.Tohii Thompson, Sept. 5, '64.
John Tolan, Feb. 2, '65.
A. T. Van Horn, Jan. 4, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
N. L. Walters, Dec. 2, '62, disch. July 1, '65.
John Weaber, Nov. 21, '64, disch. July 6, '65.
A.sa M. Wilson, Jan. 23, '62, disch. July 1, '65.
James Wright, March 1, '62, disch. July 1, •'65.
John Wickam, Dec. 16, '61, disch. Feb. 9, '64.
Thomas Wilson, Nov. 9, '61, disch. Feb. 23, '63.
S. C. Winfield, March 30, "64, disch. Sept. 20, •(i4.
Harrison Wilson, Feb. 27, '64, died May 8, '64.
Joseph Weyman, Oct. 25, '62.
Henry Williams, Feb. 2, '63.
William Young, Dec. 9, '61, disch. .Inly 24, '62.
Jacob Ziloll, Oct. 30, '62.
Robert Zitell, Oct. .30, '62
The following is a li.st of the killed of thi.s
eompany : Privates, Richard J. Abbott, July
12, 1862; James Clark, May 14, 1864, iu the
Wilderne.ss; James McMullen, May 14, 1864;
Joseph W. Smallwood, May 12, 1864;
Charles H. Huntsmau, October 19, 1864.
COMPANY H.
Captains.
J. R. Cunningham, Nov. 22, '61, resig. Mar. 16, '64.
G. W. Hummell, April 22, '64, disch. May3,'65.
First Lieutenant!!.
W. R. Maxwell, Nov. 16, '61, pro. cai)t. Co. H, 4th
Regt., Oct. 22, '62.
Wm. H. Axe, Nov. S, '62, resig. Sept. 11, '63.
Robert Love, April 22, '64, riae Hummell, pro.
George Hughes, Jan. 30, '65, disch. July 1. '65.
Second Lienfenantv.
S. A. Steinmetz, Nov. 8, '62, pro. 1st lieut. Co. I
Sep. 27, '63.
.Joseph D. Smith, Oct 4, '63, disch. Jan. 2, '65.
John B. Hoffman, Feb. 24, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
Firxt /Sergeants.
J. McComb, Oct. 31, '61, pro. 2d lieut. Co. E, 12th
Regt., Aug. 22, '62.
J. P. Newkirk, Oct. 28, '61, pro. 2d lieut. Co. C
May 21, '65.
John Sowers, Oct. 21, '61, disch. .Inly 1 , '65.
Sergeants.
John A. Mather, Oct. 21, '61 ; dis. Oct. 24, '64.
R. J. Robertson, Oct. 29, '61, pro. 2(1 lieut. Co. E
Jan. 23, 'li').
Silas Glaspey, March 7, '62, disch. July 1, '65.
Lewis M. Perkins, Oct. 25, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
George W. Bowen, Nov. 24, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
(4eo. B. Anderson, Sei)t. 21, '61, disch. Oct. 5, '62.
Thonuis H. Heward, Nov. 12, '61, died Feb. 28, '65.
Charles E. Hugg, Nov. 12, '61, died Feb. 19, '65.
Charles Ecky, Nov. 4, '61.
Horace L. Haines, Oct. 25, '61.
Corporals.
.lohn Bradford, .June 26, '62, disch. July 1, '65.
Richard Shimp, Nov. 8, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
John G. Stiles, Nov. 14, '61, disch. .luly 1, '65.
Robert Sparks, Oct. 21, '61, disch. July 1, 't!5.
Joseph Marshall, Dec. 26, '61, disch. July 1, '(i5.
Nathan Campbell, Nov. 11, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
John Hildebrandt, Nov. 23, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
Charles E. Tomlin, Nov. 18, '61, disch. Feb. 18, '65.
.\lbert Davis, Nov. 4, '61, trans, to V. R. C.
Clayton Edwards, Oct. 26, '61.
Edward Thornton, Oct. 31, '61.
THE WAR FOR THE FNION.
131
Cliiirles Lewis, Nov. 9, 'til.
Charles E. Hamblin, Nov. 22, 'lil.
Henry Frost, June 2, '62.
D. Crammer, muc, Sept. 21, 'Ol.disch. July 1, '05.
C. M. Hoey, muc, Oct. 22, '61, discli. Nov. 21, '64.
H. Deickman, muc, Jan. 24, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
Ed. Schooley, wag., Nov. 20, '61, disch. July 1,'65.
Prii-afes.
A. H. Atkinson, Nov. 14, '61, disdi. Nov. 13, '64.
W. M. Adams, Nov. 1, '61, trans, to Co. K.
H. H. Archer, Oct. 28, '61, trans, to Co. G.
John R. Anderson, Sept. 27, '62.
Isaac A. Archer, Feb. 4, '64.
Albert Beck, Jan. 29, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Jacob Becker, Nov. 11, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Thos. Black, June 16, '62, disch. June 22, 'i\^>.
George Bradford, Nov. 4, '01, disch. July 6, '65.
John Breyer, March S, '62, disch. July 1, '65.
J. A. Brown, Jan. 24, '64, disch. Oct. 25, '65.
A. W. Brown, Oct. 22, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
Salvatore Bruno, Jan. 24, '65, disch. July 1, '05.
Michael Burn?, Jan. 24, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
Wm. Burroughs, Oct. 23, '01, disch. July 1, '65.
James Braman, Sept. 30, '62, disch. Nov. 1, '62.
C. Burke, Sept. 16, '62, trans, to civil authority.
Wm. Bozarth, Feb. 23, '64, died May 22, '64.
John G. Bishop, Nov. 19, '01.
Peter Booze, Nov. 18, '61.
Charles Boswick, Nov. 24, '61.
Joseph Brown, March 15, '64.
Wm. Brown, Jan. 21, '65.
D. Campion, April 8, '65, disch. July 1, '05.
James Ca-ssaday, Jan. 16, '65, disch. July 1, '05.
F. J. Clarke, May 19, '62, disch. July 1, '65.
Michael Cornell, Jan. 23, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
Howard Crawford, Jan. 24, '65, disch. June 13, '65.
Thos. Colligan, Oct. 4, '62, disch. July 16, '64.
Christian Crawley, Oct. 28, '61, trans, to Co. B.
Somers Conover, Oct. 8, '61, trans, to Co. E.
John Coats, Dec. 1, '61, died Oct. 10, '62.
Daniel D. Carpenter, Oct. 25, '61.
John Cooley, March 10, '62.
Joseph Cooper, Nov. 13, '61.
Richard S. Cooper, Oct. 25, '61.
George Costabatter, Jan. 23, '65.
Charles Curtis, Jan. 23, '65.
George Daisey, Jan. 23, '65, disch. June 13, '65.
Wesley Dare, July 2, '62, disch. July 1, '65.
Fred. Diehr, April 6, '65, disch. June 30, '05.
Jacob Draybach, Jan. 24, 'ii5, disch. July 1, '05.
Joseph Dente, Nov. 12, '61, disch. Aug. 23, '02.
Henry Disbrow, Oct. 28, '61, disch. Oct. 31, '62.
Wm. Dorrington, Nov. 24, '61, disch. July 23, '62.
Frank Dunn, March 8, '64.
Henry Durling, Oct. 23, '61.
John Eagen, Jan. 24, '65, disch. July 1, 05.
Jacob Eishorn, Jan. 23, '(55, disch. .luly 1, '65.
Alfred S. Ellison, Feb. 19, '61.
William C. Elwell, Oct. 31, '61.
Fred. Falkenburg, Jan. 23, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
Mesick P. Fish, Oct. 25, '61, disch. April 26, '65.
William C.Fisher, Sept. 14, '61, disch. Aug. 8, '62.
George Frey, Sept. 25, '62, disch. Jan. 13, '66.
John R. Farquhar, Oct. 23, "lil.
David Fee, Nov. 8, '61.
John R. Freeman, Jan. 24, 'ori.
John Fry, March 1, '04.
Anthony Garvin, Oct. 6, 'lil, disch. July 1, '(i5.
Edward Gottwald, Jan. 23, 'ivt, disch. July 1, '65.
Thomas (iauuon, Oct. 17, '61, trans, to Co. K.
Jeremiah Gaskill, Nov. 1, '01, trans, to Co. K.
Jacob Gammell, June 20, '62, killed June 8, '61.
William Hack, Jan. 24, '05, disch. July 12, '65.
Frederick Hallman, Jan. 24, '05, disch. July 1, '65.
Edgar Hartley. March 1, '64, disch. June 13, '65.
Isaac G. Hays, Dec. 5, '01, disch. July 1, '65.
Thos. Heatherly, Jan. 24, '(!5, disch. July 19, '65.
Conrad Hester, Jan. 24, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
Lewis C. Heirs, Oct. 31, '61, disch. July 12, '65.
Edwin B. Heirs, Oct. 31, '01, disch. July 12, '05.
George Heimer, Feb. 11, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Charles Hays, Sept. 3, '02, disch. Nov. 1, '(i2.
Henry Heap, Nov. 5, '61, disch. Aug. 23, '04.
William Hornby, Nov. 24, '61, disch. July 15, '62
Aaron Hess, Sept. 14, '01, died June 14, '04.
John Henderson, Jan. 24, '65.
Charles Higgins, Jan. 21, '65.
James Hill, Feb. 9, '64.
John Hoffman, Jan. 30, '65.
John J. Hamilton, Feb. 22, '64.
Charles Irwin, June 20, '62, di.sch. June 17, '65.
John Jacobs, Jan. 23, '65, disch. July 5, '65.
John A. Janvier, Feb. 13, '64, disch. July 1, '05.
Thomas Johnson, Jan. 23, '05, disch. July 1, '05.
Henry James, Jan. 31, '05.
John James, Jan. 23, '65.
James Jamison, March 14, '64.
Disere Jeror, Feb. 2, '64.
Peter Johnson, Feb. 1, ^6^i.
Thomas Jones, Feb. 28, '(i4.
James Karns, July 2, '62, disch. July 1, '65.
Wm. C. Kemble, Jan. 12, '62, disch. Jan. 12. '64.
Ludwig Klein, A])ril (;, 'i\7>, disch. July I, '&:k
Joseph Kellcy, Feb. 2, '05.
Thomas King, March 14, '64.
Elmer Johnston, April 1, '64, disch. Aug. 10, '05.
Alfred L. Hartmau, Oct. 28, "01, trans, to Co. K.
Henry Henderson, Feb. 2, '04.
Leonard Hirsch, Nov. 1, '01, trans, to Co. B.
132
HISTORY OF OAMDKN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Charles Lauer, April <!, '(!5, disch. July I/O."!.
John A. Lauer, Aug. 9, '64, diach. June 22, '()P>.
Elias Lefferts, April 28, '62, disch. May 24, '65.
Wm. B. Lancaster, Feb. 21, '64, died Sept. 15, '64.
Samuel Lindsey, Jan. 29, '64, died June 9, '64.
William Lawrence, April 26, '64.
Charles H. Loyd, Feb. 1, '64.
N. G. Maling, Jan. 25, -64, disch. July 1, '65.
T. H. Maling, Jan. 25, ■<;4, disch. July 1, '65.
James McCarty, Jan. 24, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
W. S. Metier, Aug. 9, '64, disch. June 22, '65.
Martin Miller, Dec. 1, '61, disch. July 12, '65.
Joseph Mitchell, April 10, '65, disch. July 1. '65.
Charles Moore, Sept. 27, '62, disch. Nov. 1, '62.
(Jharles Merrill, May 10, '62, trans, to V. R. ('.
W. G. Miller, Oct. 25, '61, died July 25, '63.
Christopher Myers, Nov. 19, '61, died April 6, '64.
Daniel Mailing, March 15, '64.
Thomas McCauley, Jan. 23, '65.
Henry McGinnis, Nov. 5, '61.
Thomas McGuire, May 19, '62.
Hugh Mclntire, Nov. 5, '61.
Isaac McKinley, Nov. 19, '61.
John McVey, Feb. 4, '64.
Thomas Meh.-r, Nov. 19, '61.
James Morris, Jan. 23, '65.
William C. Morris, Oct. 25, '61.
Robert O. Mullinoux, Nov. 16, '61.
John Murry, March 15, '64.
M. Nausbaum, Jan. 23, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
Wm. Newton, Nov. 4, '61, disch. May 17, '62.
Albert J. Nichols, Nov. 5, '61, disch. July 8, '62.
Jacob Newman, Feb. 2, '64, trans, to Co. I.
Henry H. Nichols, Oct. 31, '61, died Mar. 14, '65.
Stockton C. PuUen, Oct. 28, '61, dis. June 13, '65.
Benjamin Pine, Oct. 31, '61, dis. Nov. 1, '62.
Jacob F. Parker, Aug. 9, '64, dis. May 5, '65.
Ephraim Palmer, Oct. 31, '61, died March 21, '63.
E. D. Patterson, Nov. 5, '61, died May 14, '64.
James O'Brien, March 15, '64.
Martin F. Regan, July 21, '62, disch. July 1, '65.
F. J. Reinfried, Oct. 22, "61, disch. July 6, '65.
P. J. Romer, Nov. 21, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
William Ross, Oct. 25, '61, trans, to Co. L
David B. Russell, Jan. 3, '64, died Dec. 19, '64.
Patrick Ratchford, Jan. 24, '65.
John Repshure, Nov. 1, '61.
John R. Richardson, Nov. 22, '61.
William Ryan, Mar. 23, '64.
Edward N. Sapp, Oct. 28, '61, disch. Oct. 27, '64.
Henry Schrame, Feb. 1, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
John A. Smith, Feb. 2, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
A. H.Stillwell, Sept. 21, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
Theo. F. Strahmire, Dec. 31, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
John Straway. Feb. 27, '64, disch. June 14, '65.
James Sayers, Oct. 31, '61, disch. April 22, '62.
Isaac Shute, Nov. 14, '61, disch. Oct. 2, '62.
George Smith, Aug. 27, '62, disch. Nov. 4, '62.
William Stewart, Aug. 28, '61, disch. Dec. 26, '61.
Charles C. Stitzer, Nov. 4, '61, disch. Dec. 26, '61.
James W. Smith, June 26, '62, trans, to Co. C.
Thomas Stiles, March 5, '64, disch. July 24, '65.
W. Saulsbury, Sep. 14, '61 , killed in act. May 12, '64.
P. Stephenson, Nov. 13, '61, kd. in act. June 3, '64.
Gottlieb SchaetFer, March Ki, '64.
Henry Schwartz, Feb. 2, '64.
George Shear, Nov. 24, '61.
Patrick Simon, March 20, '64.
James Sullivan, Sept. 30, '62.
John W. Taylor, March 7, '64, disch. .luly 1, '65.
John Tracy, Feb. 26, '64, trans, to X. K. C.
Frederick Taylor, Oct. 25, '61 .
Henry Thompson, March 5, '64.
Henry Thompson, Sept. 27, '62.
Matthew Thune, Feb. 26, '64.
Francis Tounge, May 19, '62.
William H. Treen, Oct. 23, '61.
Peter Van Patten, Oct. 4, '61, di.sch. Nov. 1, '62.
Henry Van Gei.son, Oct. 17, '61, trans, to V. R. C.
George Ward, Jan. 29, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Martin Ward, Feb. 2, '65, disch. June 13, '65.
E. S. Warford, Sept. 12, '61, disch. Sept. 12, '64.
Thomas Wells, April 8, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
J. W. Wilson, March 10, '62, disch. March 10, '65.
John T. Wilson, Feb. 26, '(i4, disch. July 6, '65.
W. B. Warford, Sept. 21, '61, disch. Jan. 30, '63.
C. Winckler, Feb. 24, '64, killed in act. June 1 , '64.
Richard Wally, Oct. 25, '61 .
William Ward, Oct. 24, '61.
John H. Watson, Aug. 20, '63.
Charles Welsh, Jan. 31, '65.
The killed who belonged to tlii.s company
were William Saulsbury, May 12, 18(34;
Jacob Gamewell, June 8, 1864 ; Philip Stev-
enson, June 3, 1864 ; Charles Winckler, June
1, 1864 — all privates.
COMPANY I, TENTH REGIMENT, NEW JERSEY VOL-
UNTEERS.
Captains.
John Coates, Nov. 26, '61, disch. March 6, '62.
James R. Stone, March 15, '62, disch. Aug. 23, '62.
William H. Franklin, Oct. 10, '63, dis. July 1, '65.
First Lieutenants.
Charles F. Stone, Oct. 15, '61, disch. March 4, '62.
John S. Cooper, March 31, '62, res. July 31, '63.
Savillion A. Steinmetz, Oct. 4, '63, dis. May 6, '65.
Charles A. Austice, June 10, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
THE WAR FOK TUK UNION.
133
Second LivulenmiU.
Jacol) M. Sharpe, Nov. •ilJ, '(il, res. March il, '6t.
R. D. Mitchell, Apr. 21, "62, pr. 1st. licut. ( 'o. 1. 2il
Cav. Regt. Aug. 2G, '(i3.
Richard A. Herring, Oct. '■'>, '(i:i, com. Ist. lieiit.
Co.G, Oct. 24, '(JS.
Adolphus Yuncker, Feb. 1, '(>'), 2d lieut. vire Her-
ring disch.
Sergcdiits.
(ieorge Burushouse, Oct. 21, "Gl, disch. Oct. 21, 'lU.
Pitney Wilson, Sept. 24, '61, disch. May 5, 't)2.
Miles G. Sparks, Sept. 30, '(il , disch. Feb. ti, '(it;.
James R. Jobes, Sept. 27, '(il, disch. Sept. 27, '64.
Francis B. Abbott, Oct. 8, '(il, disch. Nov. 26, '64.
George A. Hiles, Dec. 1, '61, disch. Nov. 30, '64.
James G. Wisner, Aug. 14, '63, disch. July 1, '65.
Robert B. Saudford, Dec. 5, '64, disch. July l,'6r).
John Moran.Sept. 9, '61, disch. July 1, 'i)5.
Charles Brooks, Nov. 25, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Isaiah Abbott, Sep. 19, '61, disch. .laii. is, '(12.
Starr G. Holly, Nov. 14, '61.
( 'orpurak.
James R. Purcell, May 30, '()2, disch. July 1, '65.
Sydenham W. Houser, Feb. 25, '64, dis. July 1, '65.
John Hunsinger, Sept. 19, '61, disch. Oct. 21, '64.
John Nelling, Oct. 21, '61, disch. Nov. 11, '<!4.
Daniel Carey, June 12, '62, disch. July 1, '65.
George Taylor, Dec. 3, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Charles Cross, Nov. 23, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Enoch Edwards, Dec. 1, '64, disoh. July 1, '65.
Henry B. Simpson, Feb. 24, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
John Hayson,(Jct. 21, '61, disch. Oct. 21, '64.
Abraham Hackman, Oct. 14, '61, dis. May 4, '62.
Richard A. Spain, Oct. 7, '61, disch. May 5, '62.
Frederick H. Leach, Sept. 9, '61, tr. to V. R. C.
Hedger C. Pierce, Sept. 23, '61, tr. to V. R. C.
Edwin Holly, Nov. 19, '61, died Jan. 31, "62.
Charles Wilson, Sept. 27, '61.
James Gardner, Sept. 27, '62.
W. S. Leach, muse, Sept. 19, '61, dis. Mar. 5, '62.
Privates.
Evan Armster, Nov. 11, "64, disch. July 1, '65.
Peter Adshead, Sept. 27, '61, disch. June 27, '62.
George Arp, Mar. 1, '64, disch. Jan. 7, '65.
Henry T. Ainesworth, Aug. 26, '63.
James Anderson, Aug. 26, '63.
Henry Atkins, Apr. 15, '64.
George P. Beach, Sept. 8, '62, disch. July 1, '65.
John Bock, Nov. 18, '64, disch. July 1, (i5.
William Bradenbach, Feb. 1, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
George W. Brill, Feb. 25, '64, disch. June 13, '65.
Harvey V. Burch, Feb. 25, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Henry S. Butcher, Nov. 24, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
John Brownlie, Jan. 30, '63, disch. Oct. 31, '63.
tJeorge F. Bird, Oct. 21, '61, tr. to V. R. 0.
John Boyle, Dee. 21, '64, tr. from Co. F, 4lh Regt.
Lewis Beebe, Nov. 2, '61, died .Vug. 1, '63.
Henry Biggs, Dec. 23, '63, died Aug. 2, '64.
Daniel O. Brown, July 14, '(;2, died .May 14, '64.
George Barry, Oct. 17, '62.
Patrick Barry, Jan. 12, '64.
William Bell, Dec. 1, '64.
August Bertrand, Nov. 28, '64.
Sufl'rey I. Blank, Sept. 27, '61.
.lohn Brine, Mar. 30, '64.
Joseph Brooks, Aug. 10, '63.
Charles H. Brown, Jan. 1;{, '63.
Harrison Brown, March 14, '(i4.
Henry Bryan, Jan. 21, '63.
James Buckley, Jlarch 1, '()4.
Peter Butler, March 1, '64.
Samuel Boyer, Sept. 2, '62.
Reuben Camp, Nov. 28, '64, disch. July 13, '65.
Henry Campbell, Jan. 2, '64, disch. June 22, '65.
William Carson, Nov. 29, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Peter Chekle, Nov. 22, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Morris Crater, Feb. 27, '()4, disch. July 1. '65.
Peter Crown, Jan. 2, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
William Culver, Nov. 6, '61, disch. Nov. 18, '(i4.
.lohn Cline, Oct. 3, '61, disch. Dec. 6, '62.
Peter Cody, Sept. 13, '(!4, tr. to Co. K, 15th Regt.
William B. Cook, Aug. 20, '(i2, tr. to V. R. C.
John Crater, Feb. 27, '64, died Jan. 12, '*if> of wds.
Thomas Cregg, Oct. 21, '61, died Nov. 25, '64.
Robert Camblass, Nov. 2, '61.
Charles T. Carr, Jan. 27, '64.
Dennis Cavanaugh, March 30, '64.
Thomas Clayton, Sept. 27, '61.
Lewis C. Coates, Nov. 7, '61.
James Cooley, Sept. 27, '61.
Richard Coplis, March 13, '63.
Jacob Decker, March 31, '(i5, disch. July 1, '65.
John Donnell, Nov. 17, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Augustus H. Dorland, Feb. 27, '64, died Aug. 9, '64.
Robert Dresser, Sr., Oct. 28, '61, died Jan. 25, '63.
.lames Dagnan, March 23, '64.
Francis Darrin, Aug. 1, '68.
Joseph Davis, Sept. 27, '61.
Thomas Davis, Aug. 19, '63.
Henry Deuring, Aug. 10, '()3.
Francis Donnegan, .Jan. 16, '63.
Robert Dresser, Jr., Nov. 19, '61.
William Duffy, Sept. 24, '61.
William Dugan, .lune 4, '(i2.
Clarkson F. Dunham, (Jet. 29, '61.
Peter Eckersly, April 1, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
M. Englebrechtem, Nov. 18, '64, dis. ,)uly 1. '65.
James M. Everett, Sept. 7, '61, disch. Sept. 20, '64.
Jeremiah Emmons, Oct. 24, '61, disch. May 2, '62.
134
HISTORY OP CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Aaron Emory, Oct. 6, '62, died Nov. 3, 'G4, of wds.
Redmond Emmons, Oct. 21, '(il.
Fritz Fisiier, Dec. 3, '04, diseli. July 1, '65.
Samuel G. Foster, Aug. 22, '63, disch. July 1, 'Go.
Daniel C. Fowler, Dec. 23, '63, disch. July 1, '65.
Wm. W. Frazer, Oct. 16, '61, disch. March 3, '62.
Josiah Ford, Oct. 21, '61, died Jan. 20, 18G2.
Thos. Ford, Oct. 21, '61, died July 1, '64, of wds.
David Farlen, Sept. 8, '63.
Hiram Fish, October 24, '61.
Jacob Gibson, Nov. 19, '61, disch. July G, 'G5.
Samuel Goff, Oct. 21, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
Martin Gallagher, Nov. 30, 'G4.
John Gill, Oct. 5, '64.
Raymond Graff, Feb. 1, '6r>.
Robert Green, Jan. 17, 'G3.
Juo. F. Hamilton, Sept. 19, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
Isaac Harris, Nov. 28, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
John Hart, Dec. 23, '63, disch. May 22, 'G5.
David Hays, Nov. 28, '64, disch. June 16, '65.
Mich'l Hennessy, Nov. 26, '64, disch. July 1, 'Go.
Silas Hoffman, Nov. 8, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
James Hudson, Nov. 25, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Wm. H. Hulshart, Nov. 29, '64, disch. .July 1, 65.
Geo. Hamilton, Sept. 27, '61, disch. Feb. 22, '62.
Simeon Hammil, Oct. 14, '61, disch. Aug. 28, '62.
Thomas Harra, Nov. 5, '61, disch. May 5, '62.
Stille C.Hendrickson, Oct. 1, '61, dis. June 18, '64.
E. Helfreich, Sept. 25, '64, trans, to Co. E, 4tli Rcgt.
A. Helstein,Sept. 24, '64, trans, to Co. B, 4th Regt.
J. Helstein, Sept. 24, '64, trans, to Co. B, 4th Hegt.
Edwin Haight, Aug. 26, '63.
Francis Hamilton, Feb. 3, '63.
James Harris, Oct. 11, '62.
Jacob Hawk, Oct. 19, '61.
Zachary Hess, Aug. 14, '62.
Albert Higgins, Aug. 27, '62.
William Hill, Aug. 19, 'G3.
John S. Hosea, Feb. 2, '63.
Christian Jensen, Nov. 17, '64, disch. July 7, 'H'k
Joseph Johnson, Jan. 2, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Franklin Jones, Nov. 28, '64, died. May 19, '65.
Albert Jacques, Oct. 29, '61.
Lawrence Jenkins, March 31, 'G5.
Richard Kelly, Nov. 28, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Andrew Kelstram, Nov. 17, '64, disch. July 7, '65.
Lorenzo D. Kemple, Sept. 8, '63, trans, to Co. C.
Michael Kearcher, Feb. 15, '64.
Edward Kelly, Aug. 13, '63.
Jesse Kemball, Aug. 27, '63.
John King, Feb. 3, '63.
William Knight, Oct. 17, '62.
Daniel D. Layton, May 8, '63, disch. July 1 , 't;5.
James Lingham, Nov. 25, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Hugh Lippincott, Oct. 3, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
Henry Logan, Nov. 12, '64, disch. July 1, 'G5.
Francis Lill, Feb. 25, '64, di.sch. Mar. 27, '65.
P. Louderman, Sept. 24, '64, trans, to Co. B, 4th Rt.
E. Ludwig, Sept. 24, '64, trans, to Co. B, 4th Regt.
George B. Land, Sept 24, '61, died Oct. 12, '62.
Jacob K. Lipsey, Oct. 21, '61, disch. Feb. 7, 'G5.
Robert Lane, Feb. 5, '63.
Charles .T. Livingston, Aug. 17, '63.
Ale.i^ander Lynch, Nov. 12, '61.
Hiram Lynch, Nov. 12, '61.
Joseph Love, September 30, '62.
John Maloy, Nov. 22, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
.loseph Marshall, Nov. 29, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
John Mason, Nov. 25, '64, disch. July 25, '65.
John F. McDonald, Jan. 10, '63, disch. July 1, '65.
Benjamin Mingen, Nov. 29, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Frank Mitten, Feb. 1, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
Wni. II. Mitten, Dec. I, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
John Murphy, Jan. 30, '65, disch. July 1, '65.
Thomas Mason, Nov. 2, '61, disch. March 5, '62.
George May, Nov. 15, 'G2, disch. April 10, '63.
Patk. McDonough. Nov. 8, '61, disch. June 27, '62.
William Miller, Nov. 18, '61, disch. June 6, '62.
Edward McElroy, Aug. 17, '63, died Sept. 6, '64.
D. McFagan, Nov. 1, '64, died Nov. 29, '64, of wds.
F'elix Mullen, Oct. 22, '61, died April 15, '65.
John Major, Aug. 20, '62.
Jeremiah Maloney, Dec. 2, '64.
Augustus Martin, Nov. 23, "61.
Thomas Martin, April 2, '64.
John McLoy, Oct. 17, '62.
.lohii Meade, Aug. 26, '63.
Joseph Miller, Aug. 19, '62.
James Morgan, Oct. 18, '62.
Thomas Murphy, Jan. 31, '65.
Victor Nizou, Nov. 22, '64, disch. Aug. 3, '65.
James Nolan, Dec. 6, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
Henry Nickuni, Oct. 22, '61, disch. March 5, '62.
Daniel Ogburn, Aug. 27, '62, died Nov. 11, '64.
Michael O'Brien, Aug. 26, '63.
John B. Ogburn, Aug 27, '62.
Henry B. Pa.xton, Oct. 19, '61, disch. July 1, '65.
Taylor Phifer, Nov. 28, '64, disch. July 1, '65.
James Pharo, Nov. 15, '61, disch. June 1, '62.
George Reinecker, Jan. 30, '62, disch. July 1, '65.
John Robinson, Sept. 24, '61, disch. April 10, '63.
William Ross, Oct. 25, '61, trans, to V. R. C.
Henry Ramsey, Oct. 25, '61.
William W. Randies, Sept. 27, 'iH.
Joseph M. Ray, Aug. 28, '63.
Charles Reilly, Aug. 26, '63.
John Robinson, Nov. 25, '64.
William Robinson, Aug. 1, '63.
George Rodman, Aug. 19, '()3.
John Scheeper, Feb. I, "65, disch. July 1, '65.
THE WAE FOR THE UNION.
135
Alfred Sellers, Nov. 30, 1864, disch. July 1, 't!').
Eph. L. Smith, Sept. 27, '61, disch. July 1, '(io.
Josiah Sawns, Sept. 30, '61, disch. Aug. 2'i, '62.
.loaeph Si'hoiier, Sept. Irt, '61, disoh. Sept. •'!, '63.
.lohii Sturges, Oct. 7, 01, disch. May S, '62.
\y. Searchfield, Oct. 25, '62, trans, to 1st Rt. D. C V.
T. Shields, Sept. 8, '61, killed in action Aug. 17, ■(;4.
Nicholas Sidell, Sept. 24, '64 ; died Oct. 26, 'M.
Mayab Sliuin, Sept. 24. '61 ; died Nov. l.S, '64.
\Vm. Spargo, Jan. 2, '64; died July 23. '6)4.
Dennis Sullivan, Nov. 28, '64; died April It, 'ri.'').
Bcnj. Sailor, Feb. '25, '64.
James Sinclair, Nov. ■'>, '61.
John Sinclair, Sept. 8, '61.
VA. Smith, March 1, '04.
Edward C. Smith, Oct. 21, '61.
Henry Smith, Sept. 2, '63.
John Smith, March 3, '0'>.
Samuel Smith, Nov. 7, '62.
James Snow, Oct. 21, '61.
A. H. Titus, Sept. 30, '61 ; dis. Sept. 20, '64.
Constant Tolaus, Nov. 28, ■(!3 ; dis. July 1, "(i'l.
James Traverse, Jan. 30, 'ii't ; dis. July 1, '6.5.
.Jacob Thomas, Oct. 7, '61 ; died March 6, '65.
Geo. Thompson, Feb. 1, '65.
Jcihn Tracy, Feb. 26, '64.
Wui. Tome, Sept. 22, '64; trans. Co. D, 4lli Regt.
Robt. Trafl'y, Sept. 26, 'iirt; trans. Co. B, 4tb Regt.
Geo. Trader, Jan. 27, '64.
Wm. Truitt, Aug. 19, '63.
Charles Vanosell, Oct. 30, '61.
Charles Waisse, Jan. 30, '65; dis. July 1, '65.
Samuel Webb, Dec. 23, '63; dis. July 1, '65.
Richanl Welsh, Mar. 30, '65; dis. July 1, '65.
John Wiley, Nov. 11, "64 ; dis. July 1, '65.
Charles Williams, Nov. 16, '64; dis. July 1, 'i'<-''i.
Robt. Williams, Jan. 30, '65 ; dis. June 20, '65.
.Idhn Wilkins, Nov. 19, '61 ; dis. March 5, '62.
.Ids. B. Wolcott, Aug. 1(), '62; trans, to V. R. C.
.liihn Woodbine, Dec. 1. '64; traus. to Co. C.
Henry Woodward, April 12, '65 ; trans, to Co. C.
Sam'l B. White, Oct. 21, '61 ; died Feb. 5, '62.
Owen Williams, Aug. 26, '(53 ; died July 2i;, '64.
Francis Watkins, Aug. 1, '63.
•Tohn Welch, March 13, '63.
Samuel Wheaton, Nov. 2, '62.
George Whittaker. Sept. 30, '61.
Charles L. Willey, Sept. 8, '63.
Charles H. Williams, Aug. 17, '63.
Wm. Williams, Aug. 17, '63.
Garrett Wilson, Aug. 27, '63.
Peter Woli'ord, Nov. 2, '61.
Bernard Wood, Aug. 21, '63.
Henry Wood, March 23, '64.
Frank Young, Nov. 21, '64 ; dis. July 1, '65.
Joseph C. Young, Nov. 2, '61 ; died. June 5, 't;4.
William Yeager, Aug. 1,"63.
Thomas Shields is the only riu'iiilicr of
tiiis coinpany reported as killed in battle.
TiiK TwKi.rxn KEciiMKNT. — Camden
County eontril)iited to the Twelfth Rey;iment
Companies E, (i and I. This command was
raised under the President's call of July 7,
lSti2, for three hundred thou.sand three years'
volunteers, and was mustered iu at Wood-
bury September 4tli. Thomas H. Davis,
of Camden, was appointed major and after-
wards promoted to lieutenant-eolonel. En
route to Washington September 7, l.S(j"J, the
regiment was directed to guarding the liiie of
the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, neai' KWi-
cott City, Md., and joined the Army ol' the
Potomac at Falmouth, Va., December (Jth.
It was first attached to tlie Second Brigade,
Third Division, Second Army Corps, and
later to the Third Brigade of tlie Second
Division of the same cor)is. Serving until
the close of the war, it was a participaut in
the following-named battles :
Chancellorsville, May 3 and 4, 1863 ; Ciettysburg,
Pa., July 2 and 3, 1S63 ; Falling Waters, Md.,
July 13, 1863; Auburn Mills, Va., October 14,
1863; Bristow Station, Va., October 14, 1S(;3 ;
Blackburn's Ford, "Va., October 15, 186.3; Robin-
son's Tavern, Va., November 27, 1863 ; Mine Run,
Va., November 28, 29 and 30, 1863; .Morton's
Ford, Va., February 6, 1864; Wilderness, Va.,
May 5 to 7, 1864; Spottsylvania, Va., May 8 to 11,
1864; Spottsylvania Court-House, Jlay 12 to 18,
1864 ; North and South Anna River, Va., May 24
to 26, 1864; Tolopotomy, Va., May 30 and 31,
1864; Cold Harbor, Va., June 2 to 12, 1864 ; Before
Petersburg, Va., June 20 to 23, 1864; Deep Bottom,
Va., July 25 to 29, 1864; Mine Explosiou, Va.,
July 30, 1864; Ream's Station, Va., August 25,
1864; Fort Sedgewick, Va., September 10, 1864;
Boydton Plank-Road, Va., October 27, 1864;
Hatcher's Run, Va., February 6 to 8, 1865; Dab-
ney's Mills, Va., February 28, 1865; Hatcher'.s
Run, Va., March 25, 1865; Cai>ture of Petershuru,
Va., April 2, 1865; Sailor's Creek, Va., April 6,
1865 ; High Bridge, Va., April 7, 1865 ; Farmvillc,
Va., April 7, 1865; Lee's surrender (Appomatto.\,
Va.), April 9, 1865.
Companies E and G, at Gettysburg, on the
136
HISTORY OF CA:\IPEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
even ing of July '^, 1863, were a part of the force
that drove the Confederate sharpshooters from
a lioiise and barn on the Emniettsburg road,
an affair in wliich Captain Horsfall was
killed and Lieutenant K!astwick wounded.
[Tpon this site the survivors of this regiment,
in 1S86, erected a handsome monument. At
Bristow Station Lieutenant Low, of Company
(t, received his death-wound and his c'om-
pany was very badly cut up. At Spottsyl-
vauia Court-Housc, on May (j, 18ii4, tlie
regiment lost heavily, Colonel Davis and
Captains Chew and Potter being among the
wounded. Color-Sergeant Charles H. Cheese-
man, Company E, of Camden, who had
borne the colors of the command with great
braverj' through all its battles, was fatally in-
jured. On the ]2th, it was in the attack on
Johnson's division of Ewell's corps, where
Colonel Davis was instantly killed at the
head of the charging column of his men.
f^aptain James McCoomb, of Camden,
succeeded to tiie command of the regiment,
and was mortally wounded by a shell at the
battle of Cold Harbor. His successor was
Captain Daniel Dare, also of Camden, who
was in charge until Major Thomson returned
from recruiting service. The latter being seri-
ously wounded at Ream's Station, the com-
mand fell upon Major Henry F. Chew, still
another Camden soldier, so that the Twelfth's
profuse laurels may iw said to have lieen
largely gained under the direction of the
zealous and brave otticers who came from
this county. It never lost a color, was never
broken in action and reflected honor upon
South Jersey, from whence it was recruited.
CoL. TiioM.xs H. Davis,' son of Benjamin
T. and Eleanor Travis, was born in the city of
Camden, N. J., July 2:5, 1835. His early
days were passetl in liis native town until, at
the age of seventeen, he entered the West
.Jersey Collegiate School, at Mount Holly,
then under the care of the Rev. Samuel Mil-
' I'oloncl Win. E. Potter.
Icr. Here he remained until the period of
his school-days had ended, when he went
West and was engaged for several years in
the cities of Toledo, O., and Detroit, Mich.,
in the construction of gas-works. He after-
wards returned to Camden and entered into
business in Philadelphia, which occupied him
until near the outiircak of the war. He was
among the first of the young men of the-
State to tender his .services to the imperiled
government, and entered the service at the
first call as paymaster of the Fourth Regi-
ment of the New Jensey Militia, and in this
capacity served three months in front of
Washington.
On the 9th day of July, 1802, he was
commissioned major of the Twelfth Regiment
New Jersey Volunteers, and immediately
entered upon his duties at the camp of that
regiment at Woodbury. The acquaint-
ance of the writer with him began at this
time. From his entrance into the Twelfth
liegimcnt ^lajor Davis showed an ardent
interest in its welfare. He was proud
of the material of which it was composed —
sons of farmers and young sea-faring men
chiefly^ — -a manly body of troops, which, for
strength, youth, activity and health, I think,
was not surpa.ssed by any which the State
furnished during the war. .Major Havis
gave him.self diligently to his duties and
soon had the respect andatlcctidu of (he en-
tire regiment.
The Twelfth Regiment, after .serving some
months in Maryland, in December, 18()2, joined
the Second Brigade, Third Division, Army
of the Potomac, near Falmouth, Va. Here,
on the 27th of February, 1863, Lieutenant-
Colonel J. Howard Willetts was commissioned
colonel of the regiiuent and Major J)avis was
promoted to be lieutenant-colonel.
The winter and cai'lv spring were spciil
in perfecting the e(jiiipmciit, drill and
di.scipline of the regiment and perl'orni-
ing what was probably the most severe and
exposing picket duty of the war. The dis-
(TJ^^^^^T'^^-^^
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
137
tance from the camp to the picket line, the
horrible weather and roads, the want of
proper shelter for the reserves and the com-
parative inexperience of the men, have marked
the winter of 1862-63 with black lines in
the diary of every soldier who was during
those months upon the right front of the
Army of the Potomac. Colonel Davis, as
field officer of the day, was necessarily much
exposed during this winter, and thus laid the
foundation of an attack of inilammatory
rheumatism, which early in May completely
prostrated him so that he was ordered home
and was not allowed to return until about
tlie 1st of August, 1863. I have often
heard him regret that he was thus absent
from the great actions of Chancellorsville
and Gettysburg. Colonel Willetts was badly
wounded at Chancellorsville, and on the re-
turn of Colonel Davis from sick leave he
assumed the command of his regiment, which
he was thenceforth to lead in more than oue
bloody action, and in front of whose stead-
fast lines he was to fall.
He was steadily on duty during tlic latter
part of the summer of 1 863, and at the
combat near (xreeuwich and the severe action
of Bristow Station, both fought upon the
14th of October, 1863, he manceuvred his
troops with that coolness and serene courage
which always distinguished him. He was
again engaged with his regiment on the 15th
of October at Blackburn's Ford or Bull Run,
and later in the fall, during the short but ex-
pensive campaign of Mine Run. On Feb-
ruary 7, 1864, he was among the first on
foot to ford the icy waters of the Rapidan
at Morton's Ford, and was warmly engaged
in the severe combat. With the rest of the
army, he crossed the Rapidan on the nigiit
of May 4, 1864, and wa.s heavily engaged in
the first great action of the Wilderne.ss cam-
paign on the evening of May 5th. The
next morning Carroll's brigade, in whic^ii
was the regiment of Colonel Davis, advanced
more than a mile, swinging to the left and
18
across the Orange Court-House plank-road,
and, with the other brigades and division of
the Second Corps, driving the corps of A.
P. Hill, of the enemy's army, in utter con-
fusion before it.
During a halt, at length ordered, a shell
exploded near Colonel Davis and he was
stricken to the ground. One who was
wounded, an hour later, found him at the
field hospital. He was hit by splinters thrown
oif from a tree struck by the shell refinrred
to, and not by the projectile itself. He lay
at the field hospital until the evening of May
7th, and joined his regiment when, with the
army, it moved toward Spottsylvania. As
he pressed the hand of the officer referred to
and bade him farewell, he said, " If we were
into camp now I should apply for leave on
the strength of these bruises, but I cannot
bear the thought of leaving my regiment so
long as I can sit on my horse." Graven on
the memory of his friend as with a pen of
steel, these last manly words of Colonel Davis
scnnid in his ears clearly, as if spoken but
yesterday.
On the 12th of May, 1X64, Colonel Davis,
at the head of the Twelfth Regiment, formed
a part of that magnificent column of veter-
an infantry which, under command of Gen-
eral Hancock, assaulted Lee's line at Spott-
sylvania, and sweeping over it, pierced his
centre. On foot, because it was imjiossible
to ride through abatis and over earthwork,
erect, vigilant, enthusiastic, not yet recovered
from severe bruises of si.x days before, but
triumphing overthem, eye-witnesses still love
to tell with what springing valor and in-
comparable energy Colonel Davis led his
regiment as they swej)t like one great wave
over the enemy's work and into their camp.
The enemy's first line was carried with but
little loss, but half a mile to the rear the
charging troops came upon a second line
heavily manned and sternly defended. And
here, while cheering on his troops with ani-
mated gestures, in front of his colors and
138
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COTJNTV^ NEW JERSEY.
almost touching them, Colonel Davis, struck
by a ball which passed through his neck,
fell dead. He was buried near the field
where he fell, but a few days later was re-
moved to Fredericksburg, whence, in the
autumn of 1865, loving hands bore him
northward, and on a beautiful day in No-
vember of that year, on the eve of the first
Thanksgiving after the war, iu the presence
of his family and a few of his comrades, he
was laid to rest in the cemetery of Laurel
Hill.
Few men were more soldierly in appear-
ance than Colonel Davis — none more brave
and zealous in the cause for which he died.
Tall, erect, commanding in person, electric in
temperament, of a bold and resolute charac-
ter, his troops so leaned on him that, when
he commanded, his regiment fought with a
massive energy which was often noticed.
Warm in hisaifections, kind and genial in man-
ners, many loved him, none will forget him.
He was a gallant soldier and genial gentle-
man, who freely left home and friends to cast
his sword, his heart and his life into the breach
to save the honor of Ills country.
The rolls of the Camden County companies
of the Twelfth Regiment are as follows :
COMPANY E.
[ThiB company was muatered in September 4, 1862, aud muetprt'd
nut July 15, 1865, unless otherwise stated, j
Captains.
Charles K. Horsfall, killed July 2, '68.
Daniel Dare, Aug. 6, '63.
Mrat Lieutenants.
Philip M. Armington, resg. Nov. lr>, '63.
EUwood Griscom, Feb. 22, '(>5 ; dis. .Tune 4, '65.
Second Lieutenants.
James McComb, pro. 1st It. Co. D June 31, '63.
Stephen G. Eastwick, Feb. 14, '63 ; dis. Jan. 24,'64.
G. A. Cobb, May 1, '65; pro. 1st It. Co. H June 24,'65.
First Sergeants.
John R. Rich, pro. sergt.-maj. Nov. 27, "63.
John Sheehan, dis. June 4, '65.
Sergeants.
Ethelbert Davis, dis. June 4, '65.
Wm. H. Brooks, dis. June 3, '65.
Charles fcjullivan, dis. June 4, '65.
James M. Cranen, dis. June 4, '65.
Charles H. Laing, Feb. 23, 65.
Elijah L. Smith, Feb. 27, '65.
Pierce McHenry, April 7, '65.
John Foster, died May 3, "63, of wounds.
Josef)h S. Hugg, Aug. 13, '62 ; died Aug. 27, '62.
Charles E. Cheeseman, died May 7, '64, of wounds;
Charles P. Fish, Aug. 4, '62 ; killed May 12, '64.
Corporals.
Henry Ranser, dis. June 4, '65.
Frederick Fagley, dis. June 4, '65.
Edward S. Ellis, dis. July 10, "65.
Joseph Myers, dis. June 4, '65.
John Hull, dis. June 4, '65.
Wm. M. Copeland, dis. June 4, '65.
Samuel E. Farriugton, dis. June 4, "65.
John Evans, I<>b. 23, '65.
Charles Richards, Feb. 22, '65.
,Tobn Thompson, April 5, '65.
Isaac M. Williams, April 5, '65.
George White, April 6, '65.
Ludwig Schweitzer dis. May 17, '65.
Thomas E. Prickett, dis. Dec. 24, '64.
.Toseph A. Davis, trans, to Y. R. C.
.lohn Pinkerton, trans, to V. R. C.
Edmund M. Stevenson, trans, to V. R. C.
John Clements, died .June 22, '63, of wounds.
Jonas M. Roe, died Aug. 7, '64, of wounds.
Henry Helms.
Robert .1. Thompson, musician, disch. June 4, '65.
Israel J. Conklin, musician, trans, to Y. R. C.
John Bird, wagoner, disch. June 4, '65.
Privates.
Elias Abrams, Feb. 23, '65, disch. .\ug. 3, '65.
John Antonia, April 6, '65.
Benj. Anthony, disch. Feb. 19, '63.
Jacob Asay, trans, to Y. R. C.
George Anderson, killed July 3, '63.
Thomas Barrett, Aug. 15, '64.
John Beggs, April 5, 't)4.
Wm. Byrnes, April 6, '65.
Peter T. Brewer, trans, to Y. R. C.
Lysander H. Banks, died Feb. 21, '63.
Martin Blake, .\ug. 5, '62.
David Campbell, July 27, '64, discli. Aug. 3, '65.
George C. Carlyle, April 7, '65.
Charles Clark, March 31, '65.
James Cunningham, Feb. 23, '65.
Matthew Cavanagh, disch. .Jan. 13, '64.
Thomas Calvert, trans, to Y. R. C.
.Tames P. Campbell, trans, to Co. F.
John Q. A. Clinc, killed May S, '63.
Charles F. Collett, killed May 8. '63.
John C. Conley,died June 12, '64, of wounds.
THE WAK FOR THE UNION.
139
Isaac H. Copeland, killed July 3, '68.
Alexander Drew, Feb. 23, 'G5.
Ezra Drew, Feb. 23, 'Gn.
Albert Davis, disch. Feb. 17, 'M-
Enoch H. Duffield, disch. Dec. 30, 'G2.
Samuel C. Elbertsou, disch. March 9, '<(3.
Lucius Q. C. Elmer, tran.s. to V. R. U.
John Farrington, disch. Aug. 1, '65.
Samuel Fleet, trans, to V. R. C.
Rudolph Frick, April 4, '65.
Aaron Garwood, disch. June 12, '65.
John Geier, April 4, '64.
Frank Gibson, April 5, '65, disch. July 17, '65.
Robert Gordon, disch. June 4, '65.
Thomas J. Gordon, disch. July 28, '65.
Michael Griner, disch. July 8, '63.
Alexander Gale, trans, to V. R. C.
John Gorman, trans, to V. R. C.
David Gordon, died Jan. 23, '63.
Wm. H. Haight, Feb. 23, '65.
Charles Hannahs, April 5, '65.
Edward P. Harris, disch. June 4, '65.
Wm. Harrison, April 6, '65.
Jacob Hartman, April 7, '65.
Aulson Heaton, April 7, '65.
Anthony Heft'ner, April 7, '65.
Albert Heitz, April 3, '65.
Jacob Henkel, April 7, '65.
James Hopper, Feb. 23. '65.
Daniel H. Horner, disch. June 4, '65.
Benj. Hackney, disch. Feb. 17, '63.
Jacob Hinchman, disch. Oct. 22, '63.
Francis Haggerty, trans, to V. R. C.
Ira C. Hall, trans, to V. R. C.
Joseph Haynes, trans, to V. R. C.
Wm. S. Hineline, trans, to V. R. O.
Josiah C. Hughes, trans, to V. R. C.
David H. Horner, died June 4, '63, of wounds-
Samuel C. Hultz. killed May 3, '63.
John Ipser, April 5, '65.
Alexander Jervis, died Dec. 20, '63.
John Kilikus, Feb. 28, '65.
Wm. Korbel, April 7, '65.
Charles Kuntzman, March 31, '65.
Emil Lack, April 7, '65.
John Lack, April 7, '65.
George Lutz, April 6, '65.
James K. P. Latt'erty, trans, to V. R. C
Charles H. Leeds, trans, to V. R. C.
Anthony Macel, April 4, '65.
Frederick Martin, April 4, '65.
Francis McBride, Feb. 23, '65.
Augustus Mitchell, Feb. 27, '66.
Benjamin Mullica, disch. June 4, '65.
Patrick Murray, Feb. 28, '65.
Nathaniel Morton, disch. Feb. 28, '63.
Augustus Munter, disch. Nov. 26, '63.
John McKeon, killed May 3, '63.
Enoch F. Mills, died June 14, '64, of wounds.
Robert Newsome, April 3, '65.
Helondeus Nonn, April 5, '65.
William Nagle, died Dec. 5, 64.
Deitrick Panzie, April 4, '65, disch. June 13, '65.
Henry Peirce, disch. June 4, '65.
James B. Peirson, disch. June 4, '65.
Frederick Pechmiuin, Jr., trans- to Sig- Corps.
Porteus Pepoon, killed May 12, '64.
Obadiah Reed, April 6, '65.
Fidelias Reich, April 6, '(i5.
Ira B- Ridgway, April 5, '65.
John Reed, disch. Feb. 16, '65
George Riggs, disch. Nov. 7, '63.
Edward Rodgers, trans, to V. R- C-
James A. Riley, killed July 2, '63.
Dennis Ryan, killed May 3, '63.
BernhardtSchniidt, April 7, '65-
John Schubert, April 1, '65.
Henry Sehnltr, April 7, "65.
Charles F. Senix, pro. q.ni.-sergt. Aug. 30, '64.
James Shaft'er, April 5, '65.
George Simpkins, April 5, '65.
Joseph L. Simons, disch. May 18, '65-
Wra. H. Smith, disch. July 26, '65.
David M. Southard, disch. June 15, '65.
Peter Spies, April 6, '65.
Frederick Staatz, April 7, '65.
George Skirm, trans, to V. R. C-
Seth C. Southard, trans, to V. R. C.
Wm. H. Shaffer, Nov. 20, '63, killed May 12, '64.
Samuel K. Sooy, died Sept. 15, '63.
Stephen B. Sooy, died Sept. 12, '62.
William H. Stockton, killed March 25, '65.
Isaac A. Taylor, (lis. June 4, '65.
Amzi Teachman, Feb. 22, '65.
William Tompson, April 6, '65.
Andrew H. Tomlin, April 7, '65.
William Tozer, dis. June 4, '65.
Casimer Trechler, April 3, '65.
Charles S. Tindall, killed May 6, '64.
John Thompson, April 11, '64.
J. Van Volkenburgh, Feb. 23, '65, dis. May 20, '65.
William Walker, April 6, '65.
Matthew Wallace, Feb. 22, '65.
John Webber, April 7, '65.
John Weitner, March 29, '65.
John Welsh, April 7, '65.
John Westcrmayer, April 6, '65.
George Wilhelm, April 7, "65.
Azel Williams, Feb. 27, '65.
Frank Williams, April 1, '65.
140
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Lawreuce Williams, April 6, '65.
John Wallace, Feb. 19, '64, died. Nov. 24, '64.
Thomas J. Williams, killed in action May 3, '63,
William J. Wood, died June 20, '64.
Henry C. Yeager, April 4, '65.
Isaac Young, Feb. 27, '65.
Captain Charles K. Horsfall. —
About the period of the Revolution an
English famih' named Horsfall came to thi.s
country, and settled in Monmouth Couuty,
JN. .]. There were two brothers, belonging
to the better class of English farmers, and
they purchased land ou their arrival. From
these pioneers sprung Johu and Richard
Horsfall, who were born in Monmouth
County. John was married to Sarah Tim-
mons, of Monmonth. They had three chil-
dren, — Jacob and Isaac (twins), and John.
Richard married a Smith and removed to
Cream Ridge, N. J. They had three chil-
dren.
Johu, the father of Caj)tain Horsfall,
moved to Burlington County before he was
of age, and became a merchant in Borden-
town. About 1851 he took up his residence
in Camden, where he has followed the busi-
ness of general merchandising. In 18.')6 he
was married to Hannah E., daughter of
Charles and Ann Kemble, of Bordeutown,
by whom he had four children, — Charles K.,
who was married to Amy W., daughter of
William and Mary Brooks, of Medford,
N. J. ; Hannah Ann T., who died, aged two
years ; Theodore F., (deceased), who was
married to Anna Wells, of Camden; and
Alethia C, who is married to James B.
Lewis, formerly of Burlington County, now
living in Camdeu. They had three children,
— Etta H. and Charles H. (deceased), and
Jennie B.
Captain ('harlos K. Horsfall was born in
Burlington County December 31, 1836. He
was one of those heroic spirits who entered
into the service of his country from pure
patriotism. Before the war he was a mem-
ber of " Camden Light Artillery " and rose
to be one of its officers. He was fond of
military life, and when the Civil War opened
raised Company E, of Twelfth New Jersey
Volunteer Infantry. He servetl with it
in all the hard duty which the Army of the
Potomac was called upon to perform up to
Getty.sburg. He distinguished himself at
Chancellorsville, and on the 2d of July,
1863, at (xettysburg. A detachment of
Twelfth New Jersey and Fourteenth Con-
necticut were ordered to dislodge a body of
Confederate sharpshooters concealed in a
barn. He bravely led his men and was shot
through the head, falling dead within the
rebel lines. His body was buried on the
field for two weeks, when it was removed to
its present resting-place, Evei'green Cemetery,
in this city. His los.s was deeply mourned by
his regiment, for he was a brave soldier,
exemplary citizen and thorough Christian.
His mother pas.sed to rest June 11, 1886.
COMPANY G, TWELFTH REGIMENT NEW JEKSEY
VOLUNTEERS (THREE YEARS'), OF CAMDEN.
[Tbiw cumjiaiiy was mustered in September 4, 186*.;, aud mustered
out June 4, 1865, unless otherwise stated.]
C'aptain^.
Samuel H. Jobes, res. Jan. 24, '64.
William E. Potter, biev.-maj. May 1, '65.
First Lieutenants.
James T. Lowe, died of wounds Oct. 30, '63.
F. M. Riley, Apr. 25, '64, pr. capt. Co. F Jan. 30,'65.
James P. William, Feb. 22, '65.
Robert B. Kates, July 5, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Second Lieutenant.
Charles E. Troutman, res. Feb. 4, '64.
J-'irst Sergeant.
Jeremiah Casto.
Seryeants.
Joseph Blake.
Arthur Stanley.
William H. Rogers.
John Hall.
Charles Fosker, April 5, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Charles Hulbert, Oct. 3, '64, dis. July 15, '65.
Isaac L. Wood, dis. Oct. 14, '63.
Edw. L. Thornton, dis. April 2, '63.
Joshua D. Fithian, dis. Dec. 11, '63.
Hiram Smith, dis. May 10, '64.
Henry Fenton, trans, to U. S. Navy.
^•<>-^^>X^^v--<'^
^'^fC^^/a/6
THE WAR FOR THK UNION.
141
Corp(yrals.
Theodore Brick.
Amos Frampea.
Isaiah Groft'.
George VVoodrow.
Edward L. Briok.
Jesse Peterson.
David H. Eldridge, dis. July 31, '65.
George Johnson, April 4, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Theodore Hildel)rand, Ajiril 5,j'65, dis. July 15, '65.
Frank Myers, April 3, '(i5, dis. July 15, '65.
William H. Howe, dis. Jan. 26, '63.
Charles Mayhew, trans, to V. R. C.
Franklin Bates, trans, to V. R. C
William W. Collins, killed June 3, '64.
Howard Turner, musician.
Richard Cheeseman, musician.
Privales.
Samuel E. Barker.
John Blackburn, April 5, '65, dis. ,luly 15, 't)5.
Florence Bleyler.
Andrew Bramble, April 5, '(i5, dis. .July 15, W'l.
Augustus Brant, April 4, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Robert R. Burk.
Edward V. Byerly.
James Cain, April 8, '65.
William R. Carter, dis. Dec. 11, '63.
John B. Carey.
John Conley, killed July 2, '63.
Newton B. Cook, died April 6, '63.
Joseph Cooper, April 8, '65.
Hiram Cramer, killed May 3, '63.
Thomas H. Conover, dis. June 2, '65.
John Corbet, April 5, '65, dis. June 15, '65.
Andrew Cridline, Aug. 26, '64, dis. July 18, '65.
John Crowley, dis. May 30, '63.
John J. Dall.
Levi M. Decatur, Aug. 26, '64, dis. July 18, '65.
Edward De Parpart, Aug. 18, '64, dis. July 15, '65.
James P. Demarris, dis. Mar 25, '63.
Henry C. Derrickson, died June 20, '64.
John H. Dill, trans, to V. R. C.
Jacob S. Dill, died of wounds May 15, '63.
William E. Downam, dis. July 14, 65.
Gustav Eisle, dis. July 15, '65.
Lewis S. Elmer, killed May 3, '63.
Daniel Everingham.
John Fagan, April 7, '65.
William Fee, April 3, '65, died July 15, '65.
John Fernandos, April 5, '64, dis. July 15, '65.
John Ferrell, April 8, '65, dis. June 28, '65.
Lawrence Flood, April 5, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Thomas Flynn, April 4, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Alfred B. Fortiner, dis. July 31, '65.
Benj. F. Gladden, dis- June 21, '65.
William Y. Qladney, dis. March 12, '63.
Samuel Godfrey, March 24, '65.
Carl Gremm.
Richard Groff, died March 29, '63.
John Griffin, April 5, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Geo. W. Hardwick, April 3, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Thomas M. Harrison, dis. June 28, '65.
James Hayes. April 3, '65, dis. June 15, '65.
Fred. Heil, Oct. 7, '64, dis. July 15, '65.
Christian Hesse, Oct. 10, '64, dis. July 15, '65.
William H. Henderson, dis. June 5, '63.
William Herring, died May 20, '64.
William H. Hillman.
John Horen, April 4, '65.
Samuel M. Horner, dis. July 1, '65.
Oscar Hoffman, April 5, '65, dis, July 15, '65.
Michael Holden", April 7, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Benjamin Hood.
Joseph T. Higginson, dis. Oct. 19, '63.
Theodore Hughes, April 3, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Charles D. Husbands, dis. for wounds Oct. 13, '6a.
Felix lufelder, Feb. 28, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Joseph Inman, dis. March 17, '63.
John Jaggard, dis. July 10, '65.
James Johnson, April 3, '65.
Thomas Joice, April 4, '65, dis. July 15, '65,
Paul .Tones.
Adam Jordon.
Charles Keller, April 4, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
John Kerrigan, April 5, '65.
Charles Kinge, April 6, '65.
Charles Laman.
John H. Lamar, dis. July 21, '61.
Lorenzo S. Land, killed in action June 3, '64.
Walter Lindsay.
Charles E. Madara.
George R. Marter, killed in action May 3, '63.
Joseph Marner.
Donald McDonald, April 3,'»;5, dis. July 15, '65.
Daniel P. McHenry.
Henry M. Mcllvaine, dis. for wounds May 5, '64.
Timothy McMahon, April 5, '65.
Bernard McManus, April 4, '65.
James Mercer, April 4, '65, dis. ,Tuly 15, '65.
Thomas R. Middleton, killed in action July 2, '63.
Francis Mills, killed in action May 3, '64.
Josiah K. Moore, dis. July 1, '65.
William Murphy, April 1, '65, dis. July 5, '65.
John O'Brien, trans, to V. R. C.
James O'Connor, Nov. 30, '63, dis. July 15, '65.
John O'Niel, April 5, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
James O'Niel, April 5, '(55.
Adolph Olsen, April 3, '65. dis. July 15, '65.
Richard Palmer, Aug. 12, '64, dis. July 15, '6b.
Aaron Parker.
142
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Nathan Parker, dis. July 6, '<55.
Edward H. Pancoiist, dis. April 5, '65.
John Perry, April 4, 'd'), dis. July 15, '65.
Peter L. Perry, Feb. IG, 'tiS, dis. July 15, '65.
Joseph Phalon, April 7, '65, dis. June 14, '65.
Richard F. Plum, trans, to V. R. C.
William Potter, April 4, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Isaac Randolph.
Michael Reynolds, April 8, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Walter A. Rink, Aug. 31, '64, dis. June 23, '65.
Henry H. Richmond, died Jan. 13, '63.
Richard Roberaon. April 4, '65.
Martin Roche, April 5, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
John Ross, April 4, '65, dis. June 28, '65.
Matthew Russell, April 5, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
James Ryan.
Joseph Satterley, April 3, '65.
Charles Schaffer, April 5, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
John L. Severns, dis. June 30, '65.
John Shey, April 5, '65, dis. July 15,' 65.
Robert Ct. Sheppard, died April 13, '63.
William B. Skill, killed in action July 3, '63.
Frank Smith, Sept. 28, '64, dis. July 15, '65.
John Smith, Sept. 28, '64, dis. July 15, '65.
Joseph H. Smith, dis. Nov. 22, "64.
J. William Smith, July 29, '62, dis March 19, '61.
Henry Smith, April 5, 'ti').
Nicholas Smith, April 8, '65.
John J. Sneden, April 4, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Samuel E. Somers, died Feb. 11. '64, of wounds.
George H. Snyder, dis. Feb. 7, '68.
James Stanley.
Jacob C. Stokes.
Abram J. Stoll, June 26, '62, dis. July 15, '65.
Jacob R. Stow, died April 13, '63.
William H. Tatem, dis. June 29, '65.
Robert Thurston, April 3, '65.
Joseph J. Thompson, di.s. July 18, '65.
Morris Tondrof.
Charles P. Van Hart, dis. June 28, '65.
Eli Watson, died of wounds June 19, '65.
Joseph Wanner.
James M. Wilkins, dis. June 29, '65.
James William.s, Ajjril 4, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
William J. Williams, April 5, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
Charles Wilson, April 4, '65, dis. July 15, '65.
James Wilson, April 4, '65, dis. July 16, '65.
COMl'.iNY I, TWELFTH REtilMKNT NEW JERSEY
VOLUNTEER.S.
[This (!i)iiipaiiy wati Diimtered in September 4, lHt32, uml iiiu^tered
out July 1ft, 18or», unless otherwise stated. |
( '(rptaiuK.
Henry 1". (.'hew, pro. niaj. July 2, '64.
Charles P. Brown, Feb. 22, 'iio ; dis. June 4, '65.
First Lieutenants.
Frank M. Acton, pro. capt. Co. F Dec. 12, '63.
Edw. M. Dubois, Apr. 25, '64; bvt. capt. July 6, '64.
Charles F. Sickler, Feb. 22, '65 ; dis. June 4, '65.
Sfcotid Lieuieiiimts.
Theodore F. Null, disch. April 1, '64.
Eli K. Ale, Feb. 22, '65 ; disch. June 4, '65.
Watson P. Tattle, Feb. 28, '65.
First Sergeants.
George A. Bowen, pro. 1st It. Co. C Apr. 11, '64.
Matthew Coombs, disch. June 4, '65.
Isaac N. Morton, trans, to V. R. C.
Hergeantii.
Benjamin S. Wood, disch. June 4, '65.
Robert C. White, pro. sergt.-maj. Oct. 6, '64.
J. Morgan Barnes, pro. to q.m.-sergt. Jan. 1, '65.
Joseph Dielkes, disch. June 4, '65.
Preston P. Merrion, disch. June 4, '65.
Louis Warnecke, Oct. 5. '64.
John J. Shaw, April, 3, '65.
George Lucas, Nov. 13, '63.
Thomas S. Champion, disch. June 16, '65.
George P. Ogden, trans, to V. R. C.
George R. Burroughs, died June 23, '64, of wounds.
Asa W. Tash, died May 6, '64,
Charles H. Wilson, June 9, '64.
Corporah.
James P. Stanton, disch. June 4, '65.
Tlieophilus B. Halter, disch. June 4, '65.
Alexander Brown, disch. June 4, '65.
Samuel Reall, disch. June 4, '(io.
William Parsons, disch. June 4, '65.
Lewis McPherson, disch. June 4, '65.
Firman Lloyd, Jr., disch. Juue 30, '6^>.
William R. Williams, disch. June 4, '6^>.
William Renchler, July 26, '64.
Ebeuezer Kennedy, Aug. 17, 63.
Daniel McDevitt, July 25, '64.
Theodore Beyer, Oct. 4, '64; disch. July 18, '65.
Frederick Ditraan, Oct. 11, '(i4.
Isaac Fox, killed in action June 17, '64.
Lewis F. Simms, killed in action May 3, '63.
Daniel A. Hancock, died May 22, '64, of wounds.
John H. Barklow, died July 16, '64.
Ale S. Kidd, died May 15, '64, of wounds.
Albert S. Wood, died Dec. 1, '64.
Edward Bradway, musician, disch. June 4, '65.
Lewis S. Kemfer, wagoner, disch. June 4, '65.
1'rivate.i.
Henry Ackley, July 20, '64.
William H. Archer, Feb. 23, '65; dis. June 23, '65.
William H. Allen, trans, to V. R. C.
J. Anderson, Oct. 14, '64; tr. from Co. D, lUhRegt.
Joseph A. Ayers, trans, to V. R. C.
THE WAE FOR THE UNION.
143
Jacob Adams, died May 24, 'H4, of wounds.
Henry Barth, Oct. 3, '(U.
.Fohn J. Berry,. June 1, Ii4.
.Fames Bond, Oct. 14, '(i4.
Edward Brannen, Sept. (i, 'G4 : dis. .Tune 4, '6.5.
.1. C. Brill, Apr. 7, '(>■"); pni. cora.-sergt, June .i, ti.i.
Christian Brodbacker, April 27, 'ti4.
treorge Brown, April 4, '65.
Henry Brown, Feb. 22, '65.
William Brown, .lune 11, '64.
Oeorge Budcsheim. Oct. :'i, '64.
William Burcli, Oct. 11, '64.
William Bader, Mar. 2.5, '64; dis.-h. Nov. 19, '64.
Melchoir Breitel, dLsch. Mar. 28, '64.
John P. Bennett, trans, to IT. S. Navy.
.lacob Biddle, trans, to V. R. C.
Gilbert Bishop, died Feb. 3, '64.
Nicholas Code, Feb. 27, '65.
James Connelly, July 14, '64 ; disch. May 22, '6.5.
Daniel Cowell. July 6, "64.
.Tohn Champion, disch. Mar. 16, '63.
Clement Colgan, disch. Dec. 31, 62.
Christopher Cooker, disch. Mar. 9, '65.
James M. Cook, Jan. 26, '65 ; trans, to Co, F.
Jesse D. Crittafield, July 14, '64; trans, to Co. D,
John V. Champion, died Oct. 11, '63.
William J. Clark, died Mar. 24, '63,
Charles Davis, Oct. 10, '64.
Samuel Dickeson, disch, .June 4, '65,
Alexander Ditzell, July IS, '64,
Peter Doyle, July 26, '64.
Anton Dyckotr, Oct. 5, '64.
Claude De Erraan, July IS, '64; trans, to Co, D,
William Dolby, July 20, '64; trans, to Co, D,
.August Dugue, July 15, '64 ; trans, to Co. D.
William Daniels, killed in action May 3, "63.
David Dickeson, killed in action May 6, '64.
John W. Dubois, died Sept. 22, '62.
John Donahue, Feb. 27, '65,
, lames Donnelly, July 3, '65.
John Ell, Aug. 17, '64.
Edward R. Emmel, disch. Dec. 10, '63,
.lames Edwards, trans, to V. R. C,
Edward P^llis, July 18, '64; trans, to Co. D.
Joseph R. Edwaris, killed in action .lune 3, '64,
George W. Fenu, July 18, '64.
Joseph S. Fithian, disch. June 4, '65.
Philip Flood, .Tune 16. '64.
Michael Foster, April 5, '65
Charles C. Fithian, disch, Dec. 15, '63.
Richard V, Fithian, trans, to V, R, C.
David Fonseca, April 4, '65.
George W^. Goodwin, disch. .lune 4, '65.
Samuel L. Gregg, June 13, '64.
Charles Gootman, Mar. 24, '64 ; trans, to V, R. C.
Frank E. Gaudy, died Mar. 19, '63.
John (4erstle, died Mar. 13, '63.
Charles Harr, Sept. 9, '64 ; disch. .Tune 4, '65.
(leorge Hammer, April 5, '65,
William T. F. Harewood, July 25, '64.
.Tames Hart, Aug. 10, '64.
.lohn Haverstick, disch. .lune 5, '65.
(ieorge Hedden, Feb. 23, '65; disch. July 15, '65.
.Tames Hemphill, disch. June 4, '65.
Paul Herebschle, Sept. 6, '64; disch. June 4, '65.
.lohn .T. Hoffman, disch. July 15, '65,
.Tosiah Holton, disch, June 4, '65.
.Tames Horner, disch. June 4, '65.
Ezra Hutchins, Feb. 23, '65.
Philip Hickman, trans, to V. R. C,
George W. Homan, trans, to V, R, C,
Thomas .Tackson, Aug. 13, '64.
Richard Jellinghaus, Oct. 5, '64,
.Tames M. .Tones, disch. Apr. 10, '63.
Joseph L, Jacobs, trans, to V, R. C.
George W, Jester, trans, to V. R. C.
Thomas D. Kane, disch. .Tune 4, '65.
Emmett M. King, di.sch. June 4, '65.
tJeurge Kofl", Apr. 5, "65.
Daniel Krebs, Apr. 6, '65.
Moyer Kuhn, Mar. 25, '64; disch, Jan. 9, '65.
Patrick Keegan, Apr. (i, '65,
Ludwig Ivichtenl'ells, July 13, '64,
Charles LoUamand, Oct, 5, '64,
Ijcmuel D. Loper, died May 3, '63.
.Toseph Lower, Apr. 2, '64.
Ephraim Mack, Oct. 8, '64.
Joseph F. Martin, July 15, '64.
James McDonald, July 30, '64.
Edward McLaughlin, Apr. 6, '65.
Henry Merkell, Apr. 4, '65.
Andrew Merkert, Oct. 4, '64.
Charles Miller, disch. June 4, '65.
Albrecht Mohr, Oct. 11, "64.
Joseph Murphy, disch. June 4, '65.
James McAuliti', disch. Dec, 16, '1)3.
Charles McNeer, June 2, '64; disch. May 2, '65.
John P. Miller, disch. Apr. 28, '65.
Samuel Mattson, killed June 4, '64.
John Miller, died June 22, '64, of wounds.
Michael G. Morton, killed June 3, '64.
Thomas J. Mattson.
William Munnion.
John W. Niblick, trans, to V. R. C.
John P. Newkirk, died Apr. 10, '64.
Frederick Pauli, Apr. 7, '65.
John Peterson, July 16, '64.
James Pierce, trans, to V. R. ( '.
Abraham Pressman, July 20, '64; trans, to Co. H.
James Privet, trans, to V. R, C,
144
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY. NEW JERSEY.
Peter Powell, July IS, 114; diefl Oct. 1, 'M.
David Roaan, Oct. 4, '64.
Thomas Ruth, Oct. 4, '64.
.John Richardson, July 20, '64; disch. Nov. 8, '64.
August Rien, Aug. 6, '64.
Benjamin Sailor, .\ug. 1, '64.
George Sailor, disch. June 4, '65.
Charles Scheffler, disch. June 4, '65.
Frederick Schmidt, Oct. 5, '64.
John Schneider, Oct. 6, '64.
Augustus Schogau, July it, '62.
George Schoonover, Feb. 25, '65.
Joseph Shuss, Oct. 4, '64.
.lohn Simeson, disch. June 4, '65.
William Sloan, disch. June 4, '65.
.lames Sullivan, disch. May 15, '65.
Francis Sweeney, .June 14, '64; disch. .June 12, '65.
David Simpkins, disch. Dec. 24, '63.
Peter Sharp, trans, to V. R. C.
John L. Sharp, died Apr. 20, '63.
.John Smith, Oct. 11, '64 ; died Nov. 1 1 , '64, wounds.
John Smith, Oct. 11, '64.
William Stone, Apr. 6, '65.
Elijah B. Thomas, died June 4, '65.
Jacob Trunck, Feb. 28, '65.
Amos Tompkins, disch. May 29, '65.
.Tames Turner, disch. .July 13, '63.
.Fonathan Tiramerman, died Apr. 4, '63.
Robert IJbbrell, Sept. 17, '64; disch. June 4, '65.
Adam Urban, disch. .fune 4, '65.
.Tohn Urban, disch. May 25, '65.
.Fames R. Vannote, Oct. 8, '64.
Benjamin R. Vincent, trans, to V. R. V.
Englehart Weimer, Sept. 1, '64.
John Weimer, July 30, '64.
Clement C. White, disch. .June 4, '65.
.rohn White, Sept. 1, '64.
.Fohn Williams, Oct. 8, '64.
Franz Wirobisch, June 13, '64.
.luhii VVohlicher, Oct. 6, '64; disch, June 20, '65.
.Fose])h VV^ork, trans, to V. R. C
.lames B. Wood, died Dec. 20, '64.
.Foel Wood, killed May 3, '63.
.John Winter, June 16, '64.
Wm. Youngblood, July 27, '64; disch. .luly 18, '65.
rvIKnTENANT-COLONEI- HeNKY F. ChEW
is the grandson of Jes.'ie and Mary Cliew, of
Gloucester County, N. J., and tli<^ son of
.lo.seph R. and Maria Chew, of Salem ( 'ouuty,
ill the same State. He was born in the town-
shi]» of Mannington, Salem County, on the
8th of December, 1837, and educ^itcd at tlie
Friends schools in the town of Saleni, after
which he learned the trade of a wheelwright
under his father's direction. Thus engaged
at the outbreak of the war, in 1861, he enter-
ed the service with the three months' soldiers
as lieutenant in the Fourth Regiment New
Jersey Volunteers. At the expiration of his
time of .service he became captain of Cora-
panj- I, Ninth Regiment New Jersey Volun-
teers, and resigned March 9, 1 862, on account
of sickness.
Re-entering the service, he was made captain
of Company I, Twelfth Regiment New
Jersey Volunteers, and received, in July,
1 864, promotion to the rank of major of the
regiment. In March, 1865, he was made
lieutenant-colonel, and commanded the regi-
ment from August 25, 1864, until it was
mu.stered out of service, on the 4th of June,
1 8()5. Colonel Chew participated in many en-
gagements, of which the following are the more
important : Roanoke Island, Chancellorsville,
Gettysburg, Prilling Waters, Auburn Mills,
Bristow Station, Blackburn's Ford, Robinson's
Tavern, Mine Run, Morton's Ford, Wilder-
ness (in which he was wounded), Petersburg,
Deep Bottom, Mine Explosion, north bank
of James River, Ream's Station, Fort Sedg-
wick, Hatcher's Run (first and .second), Boyd-
ton Plank-Road, Hatcher's Run (second and
third), Dabney's Mill, Capture of Petersburg,
Sailor's Creek, High Bridge, Farmville and
Lee's Surrender. On retiring from the
service Colonel Chew began the study o(
dentistry, and in the fall of 1867 engaged
in its practice, which he still continues. He
was , in 1868, married to Mi.ss Marietta,
daughter of James P. and Sarah Fogg, ot
Salem, N. J. Their children are two
daughters, Helen A. and Mary R.
GETTYSRURf! Mo.xuMENT. — The monu-
ment erected on the battle-field of Gettysburg
by the society of the Twelfth Regiment was
dedicated on May 26, 1886, on which occa-
sion, among other exercises, Comrade Joseph
Burroughs, president of the .society, gave an
interesting sketch of its workings and a de-
THE WAn FOR THE UNION.
145
scription i>f the moniiiiient itself, from wliieli
the following acoount is condensed :
" In the summer of 1882 a few of our coiurailcs
visited this historic town and battle-field, and
learned that the Gettysburg Memorial Association
had come into possession of much of the ground
occupied by the lines of the Union army in the
principal engagements on the 2d and 3d of July,
1863, and observed that some five or six tablets or
monuments had been placed by regiments to indi-
cate the positions held by them, as well as to
honor their dead who there fell.
" At the next annual meeting of the Reunion
Society of the Twelfth Regiment New Jersey Vol-
unteers, held at Woodbury February 22, 1883, a
committee, consisting of Comrades Joseph Bur-
roughs, Frank M. Acton and James S. Kiger, was
appointed to consider the ex]iediency and cost of
erecting a tablet or monument on the line formerly
occupied by the regiment at the battle of Gettys-
burg. At this meeting the date of the annual
meeting of the Reunion Society was changed from
February 22d to September 4th — the latter Iicing
the date of our muster into the United States ser-
vice — and a much more favorable season of the
year for the purjwse.
" At the annual meeting held at Woodstown
Sei)tember 4, 1883, the committee reported in favor
of the project and asked for instructions as to the
amount that the Society would raise and expend
in the work, .stated that the prices ranged from $10
to $1000.
" Nothing was done at this meeting, however,
beyond the constituting of each member of the
Society a committee of one to solicit subscriptions
for the monument.
" At the annual meeting held at Salem Sei)tem-
ber 4, 1884, much enthusiasm was manifested by
the comrades present, and a sufiicient amount had
been subscribed to insure the success of the enter-
prise.
"The next step in the matter was the issuing of
a circular by the committee, giving the object and
soliciting of the remaining comrades who had not
contributed. This was responded to very satisfac-
torily, and on the 8th of March, 1885, the commit-
tee met and ascertained that with the amount of
cash in hand and pledged, a monument costing
eight hundred dollars could be erected. A design
was next adopted and proposals for the work in-
vited, and on the 19th of May, 1885, a contract
was entered into with Mr. Michael Reilly, of Cam-
den, N. J., for the construction and erection upon
this s)iot of the iiKHiuiiieiil lor the dedication of
which you have beeJi invited here at this time.
'"The work was finally completed in the autumn
of 1885, but at too late a date for the dedicati(ni to
take place that year, and the committee decided
upon May 26, 1886.
" The material of which the monument is con-
structed is Richmond granite. Although not, per-
haps, the most widely known, it has been thor-
oughly tested by the United States government
and found to be of fine grain, dense, impervious to
the elements, and capable of sustaining the great-
est weight. It is being used in the construction of
the building to be occupied by the State, War and
Navy Departments at Washington.
THE (.TETfYbBURH MONUMENT.
' ' The base is four feet eight inches square and two
feet high, with sides rustic-dressed. The sub-base
is three feet eight inches square and eighteen inches
high, fine hammered, and lettered, ' 2d Brig. 2d
Div. 2d Corps.'
"The die is two feet eight inches square, by four
feet ten inches in height, polished on the two faces
fronting Round Top Avenue, and lettered as fol-
lows :
" On first face —
" ' In memory of the men of the Twelfth Regi-
ment New Jersey Infantry Volunteers, who fell
upon this field July 2d and 3d, 1863, and who else-
where died under the flag, this monument is dedi-
146
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
cated by their surviving comrades as an exaui|)le
to future generations.'
" On the second face —
" ' Buck and Ball, Calibre 69.'
" ' This regiment made two separate charges on
the Bliss barn and captured it.'
" The letters are all sunken, to prevent abrasion
and the vandalism of relic-hunters.
"The capstone is three feet two inches square by
two feet high, upon each face of which has been
placed the badge of the Second Corps, the trefoil
raised and polished.
" It is surmounted by a pedestal, upon which is a
representation of the missile so effectively used by
the regiment in repelling the charge of the enemy
— buck and ball.
" The aggregate height of the monument is
twelve feet six inches. The foundation was care-
fully laid, and the stone has been set in the most
substantial, careful and durable manner."
After the conclusion of Comrade Bur-
roughs' liistorical sketch, addresses were made
by Captain F. M. Riley, ju'esideut of the
association, an<l Colonel W. E. Potter, the
latter bein^ the orator of the day.
Nine Months Troops. — New Jersey
sent eleven regiments into the field as lier
response to the call of President liincoln on
August 4, 1862, for three hundred thousand
militia to serve for nine mouths, unless
sooner discharged. They were numbered
from the Twenty-first to the Thirty-first,
both inclusive. In the Twenty-fourth Reg-
iment, commanded by Colonel Frank 1j.
Knight, of Camden, were three companies —
D, E and I — which were raised in Camden
County by voliuitary enlistment. The mus-
ter-in took place at Beverly, September 1 6th,
and arriving at Washington, October 1st,
the regiment was placed in the provisional
brigade of Casey's division. On December
!)th it reached tlie Rappahainiock opjjositc
Fredericksburg, and was transferred to Kim-
ball's brigade, of French's division, Second
Army Corps. In the assault of the 13th,
raw troops as they were, they advanced
nearer tlie Confederate defences than any
other command except the Irisii regiments,
and lost one hundred and sixty killed and
wounded in their heroic attack. They held
tlicir ground tenaciously until relieved, but
even then were compelled to .seek refuge in
and about the burning bnildings, where, pros-
trate on tiie earth, tliey were expo.sed to the
sliot and shell. Company D lost three
killed and twelve wounded ; Company E,
two killed and four wounded ; Company I,
two killed and sixteen wounded. Caj)tainWar<l
was .shot through the lungs, and Ca|)tain
Shinn in the right eye. Lieutenant John O.
Crowell was wounded in the arm, but (^on-
tinned fighting until another bullet brought
fleath to him.
The regiment resumed camp, from wliicii
it did not depart for four months. C)n
Thursday, April 2, 1863, copies of the
" Peace Resolutions" passed by the New
Jersey Legislature were received in camji.
and the men held a mass-meeting at which
they were indignantly denounced. On May
3d it was under fire at Chancellorsville,
suffering a loss of about forty in killed,
wounded and missing, and was mustered
out at Beverly, June 29, 1863.
The rank and file of the Camden com-
panies of this regiment are here given :
COMPANY D, TWENTY-FOURTH REGIMENT NEW
.TERSEY VOLUNTEERS.
IThifi company \YaB mustered in September 115,1862, aiul muBtered
out June 29, 1863, unless otherwise stated.]
Cnpfain.
Aaron Ward, dis. May 31, '6;i.
Fimf Lii'xfeitaiil.
David W. Bartine,
S'l'ond l.iejitenaiils.
(ieo. D. Britton, resigned April 18, 't)8.
Samuel H. Deal.
First Seryeiiiit.
Franklin T. Horman.
Senjeiintii.
(;oo|)cr Wiltsey. John Thornton.
Joseph D. Bates. George H. Lawson.
•lohn H. Smith.
Cnrjmrah.
Benjamin Dilkes. Samuel E. Clark.
William (-arney. Alphonso T. Chew.
Nathan R. Hammond. Samuel H. Morton.'
Thonii's N. Zimmerman. Cornelius H. Strang.'
> Discharged .January 7, lhi6;i.
2 Hied December 22, 18G2.
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
147
John Sinclair.
George C. Rolirberg.
I'r
James ('. Abbott.
William Abbott.
Theodore Allen.
John C Atkinson.
Hiram I). Beckett.
Andrew W. Berry.
John Bischof.
■Jonathan Brown.
S. Kennard Bachelder.
Abraham Camp.
William H. Oarr.
William H. (Jhew.
Charle.s H. Cliflbrd.
Frederick Denelsbeck.
Charles F. Dilks.'
Charles H. Davis. '
Henry B. Dickinson.'
Dana L. Dunbar.*
Charles Errickson.^
William H. Fowler.
Antonio Fiebiger."
Aaron C. Fowler."
Jacob Giffins.
William Giffins.
Adolph Goetz.
James Guice.
Charles P. Gunning.
William Haines.
Thomas R. Hammond.
Samuel Haywood.
Adolph Heller.
Benjamin Hoffman.
John M. Holston.
Hiram HuCsey.
Martin V. Haines.'
Jonathan R. Henry .^
Richard S. Lutz, mus.
Mathias JM. Chew, mus
ivatex.
Abraham Jiuies.
Jonas T. Jackson.'"
Jesse King.
Leonard Knorr.
Charles W. Leeary.
Samuel Leddou.
Samuel Lonstreth.
John Lee.
William Mason.
Henry Matchinskey.
John McCarty.
Alexander IMurray.
Daniel Murphy."
George McClernan.'-'
John Prasch.
John W. Peter.son.
George Reckelcomb.
John Reckelcomb.
Shepherd Rossell.
Ferdinand Saxe.
Abraham L. Shan'.
Sylvester Sharf.
John Simkins.
John Simpkins.
George Salzgaher.''
James Stevenson."
Benjamin Turner.
Isaac Turner.
James Turner.
Robert W. Turner."
John R. Walters.
Uriah Wilson,
.lobn F. Wolf.
William J. Wolf.
Theodore F. Worth.'"
Andrew Welsh.
' Discharged December 1.5, 1802.
^ Died March Hi, 1863.
» Died November 28, 186'2.
< Died December 13, 1862.
' Discharged April 12, 1863.
« Discharged March 24, 1863.
' Discharged February 25, 1863.
" Discharged ,Iune 5, 1863.
» Died December 13, 1862.
'" Killed in action December 13, 1862.
'' Discharged October 31, 1802.
'■^ Killed iu action December 13. 1862.
" Discharged May 21, 1863.
'* Discharged April 8, 1863.
'= Died June 9, 1863.
16 Died December 13, 1862.
Joiia.s Jackson and George IMcClellau, of
tlii.s company, were killed in battle December
13, 1862, and Theodore F. Worth is reported
as havinir died on the same day.
CDMP-VXY E,
IMKNT NEW
TWENTY-FOURTH
.JERSEY VOLUNTEERS.
[Tliis . utiipimy was mustered in Septenibor 16, 1802, hikI mustt
out .lune ■29, 1.SC3, unless otherwise stated. |
Captain.
Augustus Sailer.
Btrst Lifiitenaiit.
Edward C. Cattell.
Second Lieutenant.
Charles W. Wilkius.
Firsl Sergeants.
Samuel A. I)eal.'= William N. Hewitt.
Seri/eaiits.
(reorge W. Bailey. Henry C. England.
Nathan Paul. Isaac Cowgill.
Corpn)'als.
W. Tbackara Cozens
Isaac L. Fowler.
Robert W. Hughes.
Clark R. Tomlin.
Charles W. Clement.
Benjamin F. Stetser.
John B. Simmons."
John Sinclair."
John F. Gaskill.-^"
Luke Reeves.
Charles Farr.-'
George F. Hannold."
John L. Huff.
Privates.
Harrison T. Adams.
William E. Atkinson.
Charles H. Bacon.
,Iohn H. Boody.
John L. Baily.-^
Enos W. Bates.^*
Joseph T. Bates.-^
George W. Cattell.
Edward H. Cooper.
Hanson S. Cooper.
Charles Cowgill.
Coleman Curran.
Thomas P. Casperson.-'
George Y. Davis.
Richard D. Davis.
William H. Dilks.
Andrew Eisile.
Arthur P. Ellis.-'
John Gallagher.
Charles G. Garrison.
William Gold.
Chester Green.
Daniel S. Groff.
Edward P. Hall.
John W. Hannold.
Amariah Hollis.
Charles Hood.
James H. Hughes.
William C. Hurt.-"
John H. Ireland.
John L. Jordan."
Richard Jones.'"
Barclay D. Kelly.
John Keller.
"Pro. 2d lieut. Co. i) .\pril 14, '63.
'8 Dlsch Feb. 6, '63.
'»Disch. -Vpril 11, '63.
■-" Disoh. Mar. 19, 'Ii3.
2' Died Dec. 24, 62.
"DiedDec. 26, '62.
23Disch May 21, "63.
■-■'Disch. March 3, '63.
-5 Died ,\lai-ch9, '63.
'"Disch. March 18, '63.
-^ Died Dec. 13, '62.
-'"Died Dec. 13, '62.
=» Disch Jan. 7, '63.
' Killed in action Dec. 13, '62.
148
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Samuel L. P. Murphy.
Isaiah Magee.'
John Mapes.'-
Joseph W. Miller.'
Benjamin F. Murray.*
Frederick P. Neil.
Lawrence R. Nuss.
George Owens.
Samuel Paul.
William Pettitt.
Fithian Parker.*
J. Alexander Packer.''
William Rambo.
Henry Ramsey.
William Randless.
John Reed.
William D. Sheets."
William C. Sparks.
Joseph T. String.
Edward Tallman.
Rufus C. Thomson.
William L. Thomson.
Joseph W. Tomlin.
John W. Tonkin.
John E. Touser.
William T. Turpin.
William B.Tusiiey.
Martin H. Tanner."
James H. Vanneman.
Charles S. Warner.
Charles Weiley.
Aaron Wilkins.
Corporals.
William S. Richardson. William M. Woollard.
Edward Russell.
John W. Randless."
Jeremiah J. Snethen.
David H. Sparks.
Charles W. Stevens.
John Wood.
John L. Wood.
George W. Warner.'"
Joseph C. D. Williams.'
William Yerricks.
The names of those of this company who
were killed are Richard Jones, Alexander J.
Packer, Jo.seph C. D. Williams and Luke
Reeves, who lo.st their lives in the engage-
ment at Fredericksburg, Virginia, December
13, 1862. After, the expiration of the term of
service most of tlie survivors re-enlisted and
joined regiments in the three years service.
COMPANY I, TWENTY-FOURTH REGIMENT NEW
JERSEY VOLUNTEERS.
[This company was mustered in September IG, 18(12, ami nmstert-d
out. I line 29, 1863, unless otherwise stiitcii.J
Captain.
William C. Shinn.
First Lieutctmiits.
John O. Crowell,'- James L. Woodward."
Second Lieutenant
Henry S. Spaulding.'-'
First Sergeant.
Charles F. Fackler.
Sergeants.
Chaa H. Shinn, Jr. Joseph D. Wilson.
Wm. W. Eiselc. Thomas Law.
Emanuel M. Kirk.
iDisch. Jau. 19, '(>?,.
^Disoh. Mar. 26, '63.
3Disch. Feb. 23, '63.
*Disch. Jan. 14, '63.
6 Died Dec. 13, '62.
sKilled Dec. 13, '62.
' Disch. Mar. 17, '63.
sDiscli. Feb. 6, '63.
9 Disch. Mar. 3, '63.
'" Di.seh. Dec. 14, '62.
11 Killed Dec. 13, '62.
" Killed Dec. 13, '62.
Robert C. Parviu,
Chas. H. McAnney.
Ransome Shoemaker.
George J. Broadwater.
Nathaniel O. Gandv.
Edward L. Crowell.
Joseph H. McAnney."
James McClernand.'*
Daniel Williams, mus.
Daniel Osborne, mus.
John W. Adams.
Levi H. Atkinson.
Isaac Collins Baker.
Miles Bates.
Samuel A. Bates.
Harvey Beach.
John L. Beckett.
Henderson S. Biggs.
James Biggs.
Henry Brill.
John H. Brockington.
John R. Burroughs.'"
Joseph H. Button.''
Howard Beebe.'^
William Chew, Jr.
Ambrose P. Clark.
Adrian Clunn.
Joseph C. Comer.
George Conly.
Eli Craig.
George Clark.
Lawrence E. Cake.'"
Wm. H. Chamberlain.
Nathan Comer.
Robert Dean.
John W. Downs.
Lamar M. Daniels.-'
Nicholas S. Derringer.
Abram C. Dilks.
John Fetters.
John Alexander Fish.
Wm. Fowler.
Jacob T. Fish.-'
Wm. L. Galbraith.
John Garrett.
Thomas Gibbs.
Henry Goldenberg.
Privates.
John George Gramme!.
Wm. E. Hagerman, Jr.
Joseph 1). Hendricksou.
Henry H. Hughes.
Wm. Sagers.
Isaac P. Johnson,
.lames C. Jones.
Conrad Krautz.
Samuel Lindsay.
Richard B. Lippincott.
Levi B. Marshall.
John Marshall.
Charles Miller.
Paulen Nelson.
Oliver Ogden. '-'
Joshua P. Parker.
Lewman H. Park hurst.
John M. Plum.
George Parks.''
Wm. B. Parks.-"
Fvlijah Porch.'-'
John Ridgeway.
David Rile.
Ephraim C. Richmond.^'
George C. Saul.
John W. Saul.
Charles Scott.
Peter S. Shivers.
Israel Stiles.
George J. Stewart.
Christian L. Sharp.»
Thomas E. Sharp.^"
Philip G. Simpkins."
Elvy Simpkins.^'^
Levi B. Tice.
Samuel S. Tomlinson.
Charles Trapper.
" Mustered iu Jan. 15, '63.
'< Disch. March 23, '63.
'5 Died May 3, '63.
"■Pro. q. m.-sergt. Sept. 20, '62.
1' Disch. Feb. 2"), '63.
'"Died Dec. 13, '62.
19 Killed in action Dec. 13, '62.
-•" Died April 19, '63.
-' Died April 18, '63.
■"Died Dec. 16, '62.
"Disch. Jan. 29, '63.
" Disch. Feb. 4, '63.
=5 Disch. Dec. 31, '62.
-« Disch. March 16. '63.
■-'Disch. Jan. 4, '63.
■^ Disch. May 4, '63.
^9 Disch. Feb. 25, '63.
■™ Disch. Feb. 16, '63.
»' Disch. March 1, '63.
»-' Died March 18, '68.
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
149
Charles E. Tule. Samuel P. Wescoat.
Isaac T. Vannenian. Eli Wilson.
John F. Walker. Joseph R. Wescoat.'
Jacob Weiss.
Of this company, First Ijieutenant John O.
Crowell and Private Lawrence E. Cake were
liilled in the battle of Fredericksburg, De-
cember 13, 1862.
Company H, Twenty-eighth Regi-
ment. — The only other organization of nine
months troops from Camden County was
Company H, of the Twenty-eighth Regiment,
which was mustered in September 22, 18<)2,
and left Freehold October 2d for Washing-
ton. It was brigaded with the Twenty-fourth
Regiment, and had about the same experience
as that command at the battle of Fredericks-
burg. Its killed were fourteen ; wounded,
one hundred and forty-seven ; and missing,
twenty-nine. After its participation in the
battle of Chancellorsville it was marched
back to camp at Falmouth, and on July 6
18();3, was mustered out.
COMPANY H, TWENTY-EIGHTH REIilMENT NEW
JERSEY VOLUNTEER.S.
[Thi3 company was mustered in September '12, I8()2, and ujuatereii
out July 6, 1863, unless otherwise stated.]
Cajiiaiii.
Manly S. Peacock.^
First Lieutenant.
Benjamin C. Rulon.
Second Lieutenant.
John T. Smith.
Fint Sergeant.
Charles H. Rogers.
Sergeants.
William C. Fees.
Thomas E. Clarke."
David H. Westcoat.*
Corporal.-).
Henry Day.
Joseph S. Pike.
George W. Bittle.
James Sinclair.'
John Cleavenger.
John W. Moore.
Richard Richards
Cornelius C. Pease.
Josiah E. Giberson.
Robert Smith.
James H. Townsend
William H. Agins.
Musicians.
Richard E. Elwell. William H. Dilka.
Wagoner.
Edward M. Kelhim.
Prirates.
Christian Apple. Joshua J. Livzey.
John Bates. Franklin Vj. Lloyd.
Henry C. Beebe. William Leslie."
William Bennett. Thomas Macunn.
(teorge Brill. William Marshall.
Joseph Buzby. Henry McCully.
Richard Buzby. Samuel L. Miller.
Isaac Bosure." .lohn L. Morey."
David Bates.' David Newman.
Joseph Cane. David II. Nichols.
William P. Carr. James Parker.
David L. Carter. Santuel H. Parker.
James L. Casto. John E. Pike.
Thomas E. Combes. Joseph J. Pike.
Alexander Cooke. Henry Parker.
Charles Clements." James Ripley.
Edward Dixon. John D. Rodgers.
Thomas L. Dixon. William B. Ross.
William Dolan. William Robinson."
•fohn W. Darnell.'' Benjamin S. Ross.-"
William W. Dill.'" Richard Seely.
Louis EngarJ. George Shaw.
Andrew Elberson." .lohn Sinclair, Jr.
George Fish. Charles Seymour."
Charles J. Fees.'- Benjamin Simpkins."
Charles Fowler.'^ Samuel Simpkins.'-'
David Ford.'* John W. Snrran."
Jacob I). Hawk. George Thomp.son.
Benjamin Hinchman. Charles Van Lear.
Benjamin W. Hughes. William Webb.
Joseph F. Hughes. Thomas West.
Benjamin H. Hughes.'' David D. Winner.
William G. Iredell.'" Cooper J. Watson.'^
Charles Johnson. .loseph Williams.^"
David Ford is the only soldier reported a.s
being killed from this company. He lost his
life iu the battle of Fredericksburg, \^a.,
December 13, 1862.
'Disch. March 21, 'tiS.
■ Resigned March 'lb, 18t'i3.
3 Discharged .January 10, 1863
■" Died March U, 18C3.
5 Died January 10, 1863.
6 Dis. March 24, 18G3.
' Died Dec. 13, 1862.
'Dis. April 1, 1863.
9 Dis. April 4, 18ti3.
1" Dis. April 16, 1863.
" Died Dec. 13, 1862.
'^ Dis. May 10, 1863.
" Dis. April 14, 1863.
»J Killed Dec 13, 1862.
'i Died Jan. 19, 1863.
'« Died March 9, 1863.
'" Dischiirged April 1, 1863.
's Died December 6, 18()2.
'» Discliarged Feb. 10, 1863.
-" Discharged Jan. 26, 1863.
■^1 Discharged Feb. 11,1864.
■" Discharged April 1, 1863.
-' Discharged April 9, 1863.
-^ Discharged April 1, 1863.
-s Dis. March 24, 1863.
-6 Discharged May 23, 1863.
150
HISTORY OF CA.MDEX COUNTY. NEW JERSEY.
Emeruexcv Comi'.vnies. — When Lee
invaded Penn.sylvania in June, 1863, Gov-
ernor Curtin, of that State, appealed to the
other loyal State.? for assistance, and on
June 17th the Governor of New Jersey
called for volunteers for thirty day.s to aid in
repelling tiie enemy. James M. Seovel at
once recruited an independent company in
Camden, which was mustered in on June
19th. It left for Harrisburg the same day
and was assigned to duty under General
Couch. At the end of the thirty days
service the company was returned to Trenton
for discharge. Its roster was as subjoined :
Captain.
James M. Seovel.
First Lieutenant.
Timothy C. Moore.
Second Lkutenant.
George Holl.
First Serijeaiit.
James Lane.
Sergeant.i.
Jas. V. Gib.son. Ernest Troth.
George E. Webb. Francis C. Vanhorn.
Corporals.
Joseph M. Cooper. Sylvester Birdsell.
P. J. Murray. Benj. Wright.
Lawrence Breyer. John Capewell.
Wni. Wible. Henry Smith.
Privaies.
.(oseph Bates. John Kline.
Anthony Bernard. Wni. Mahoney.
Henry Breyer. .Tames McCormick.
Wm. Buodick. Peter Quiu.
Jo-seph Burton. Mich. Leibinlitz.
Simpson Campbell. ICnocli Shootz.
John Decker. .fohn Smith.
Wni. Dorman. .lames Snowe.
Goo. Dosinger. David Sparks.
John Dovey. Isaac H. Stowe.
Tho.s. Dovey. Geo. Tenner.
John Fenner. Benj. Todd.
Henry Figley. Benj. Tyre.
Edw. Giftbrd. (Jio. Ward.
Henry Gilbert. .lames Wilson.
John Guyant. William Wilson.
Frank Hewett. David Wood.
John Hill. Frederick Wood.
Wm. C. Kaighu. Henry Belisle.
H. Kelly. John Campbell.
John Coats. John McGuin.
Josiah Davis. Josiah Mead.
David W. Hutton. David D. Middleton.
Henry Ivins. John Stetzer.
Marylaxi) Emergency Mex. — In the
early part of July, 1864, Washington and
Baltimore were endangered by an invasion
of the enemy. ^V battle had been fought
within a few miles of Baltimore, and com-
munication with Washington interrupted.'
In view of this emergency, Governor Parker,
of New Jersey, issued a proclamation dated
Trenton, July 12, 1864, calling for the or-
ganization of the militia for thirt}' days ser-
vice in Penn.sylvania, Maryland and the
District of Columbia. Under the call the
company from Camden reported for duty,
was accepted, and mustered in at Camden,
N. J., July 14, 1864, for thirty days. It
left the State, July 15th, for Baltimore, and
on arrival reported to Major-General Lew
Wallace, commanding the Middle Depart-
ment. It was stationed at the Relay House,
near Baltimore, and wjls attached to the
First Separate Brigade, Eighth Army Corps.
Upon expiration of terni of service it re-
turned to New Jersey and was mustered out
at Camden, August 15, 1864. It was known
as Company A, First New Jersey Militia,
and this was its membership :
COMPANY A.
Captain.
Richard H. Lee.
First Lieutenant.
William C. Shinu.
Second Lieiiteitant.
Charles F. Kain.
First Sergeant.
Cliarles T. Stratton.
Sergeants.
Samuel H. Elder. Samuel \V. Caldwell.
Robert T. Wood. Samiu-1 Ihifty.
( 'iiporats.
Eugene Troth. Warren H. Somers.
John Guyant. . Edward S. Stratton.
Charles F. Fackler. Edward ('. Shinn.
William AvLs. Henry H. Wilson.
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
151
M>l:
Charles Page.
Pn
SavilHoii \V. L. Archer.
Townsend .Vtkin.inn.
Martin V. Beicccii.
Thoma.s Bleyler.
Isaac A. Braddock.
Benj. M. Braker.
Samuel Brown.
William Brenning.
Edward Biirrough.
.lohn R. Burrnugli.
Joseph Cameron.
Paul Casey.
George W. Cheeseman.
William Clark,
.fohn Coats.
Charle.s K. Coles,
.lohn K. Cowperthwaite,
Josiah Davis.
Samuel W. Dilks.
Charles Drew.
Aaron B. Eacritt.
Benjamin Elberson.
Aaron Ellis.
James Emley.
Hiram X. Fairchild.
.laoob Fetters.
.Fohn H. Fine.
Simpson Force.
Henry H. Fox.
Alfred French.
Samuel T. Fulweiler.
Robert Giberson.
Wm. Z. Gib.son.
John Grant.
John Hallowell.
Stacy W. Hazleton.
Frank Hewitt.
Wm. Holland.
Edwin Wallace.
ratfs.
.lohn Hollis.
Wm. ly. Hozey.
.lohn Hughes.
Thomas S. Hunter.
Alfred Husback.
Wm. N. Jackson.
Wm. Jenkins.
Richard M. Johnson.
Isaac Jorden.
Ephraim Kenible.
Aaron W. Knight.
Wm. W. Margerum.
Ephraim T. Mead.
David D. Middleton.
Enoch A. Mitchell.
Samuel C. Mitchell.
David Morgan,
.lohn Powell.
Walter A. Rink.
Henry Sandman,
.lames M. Scovel.
Harry Settey.
Isaac Shreeves.
Isaac A. Shute.
Charles Sparshott.
P'dward Sparshcjtl.
Charles R. Stockton.
James W. String.
Charles C. Stutzer.
Richard C. Thompson.
.Fames F. Tomlin.
Garrett A. Tompkins.
Azohel R. Van leer.
Edward S. Westcott.
Albert Whippey.
George L. White.
Samuel Winner.
Norton Woodruft".
Thirty-fourth Regiment. — This regi-
ment, of which Company A, of Camden
County, was a part, was raised during the
summer and autumn of 1863, and was mus-
tered in for three years at Trenton in October.
Its lieutenant -colonel was Timothy C.
Moore, of Camden, who became colonel in
October, 186-5. Ou November 16, 1863,
the regiment left Trenton and was sent to
Ea.stport, Miss., and thence to Union City,
Tenn. On January 21, 1864, it was con-
stituted the garrison of Cohimbus, Ky., and
when summoned V)y (ieiipral Rut'ord to sur-
render. Colonel Lawrence gave a defiant an-
swer and repulsed him after a sliirinisii ol'
some hours" duration. In December, 1864, it
was ordered to the Sixteenth Corps, and on
.\pril 8th and 9th took part in tiie assault
and capture of tiie defen,ses of ^lobile. This
regiment remained in the service, doing pro-
vost duty in Alabama, until April 10, 1866,
when it was mu.stered out. It had tiie honor
of being the last regiment from Xeir .TiTxeij to
leave the serrice of the United Sliitcs. It tiioiv
part in the following- named engagements:
Columbu.s, Ky., April 13, 1864 ; Hickman,
Ky., June 10, 1864; Mayfield, Ky., Septem-
ber 1, 1864; Paris Landing, Ky., October
31, 1864; Nashville, December 27, 1864;
Fort Hugar, Mobile, April 2, 1865 ; Spanish
Fort, Mobih^, April 3-4, 1865; and Fort
Blakeley, Mobile, April 5-!t, 18(i5. This
regiment, though called into active service
late in its history, never failed to do its entire
duty. The following is the roster of the
Camden County company :
COMIWNY A, THIRTY-FOURTH REGIMEXT NKW
.lERSEY VOLUKTEERS.
[Tliisr,.iiin;iTi)- W!Ui iiiustereil in September 3, 1SG3, and nnis|pr.-il
..111 .\pnirtO, ISr.H, imleS8othel\vi8.>Btiitc.l.|
Captains.
f>lmund G. Jackson, dis. Sept. 3, '(i2.
Elisha V. (Jlover, Jr., May Ifi, '(i4.
First lAeiileiKints.
Wm. Stanley, .lune 22, 'M \ pro. capt. Co. H .Ian.
.S, 'tv').
John i-^chwartz, .Vpril I'O, '(15.
Si'conil I.ieuteiianis.
Richard .1. Moore, res. June 21, '64.
James M. Cogans, July 22, '(i4; dis. May 1.5, 'Ho.
JFVrst Sergeants.
Joseph H. Compton, pro. 2d lieut. Co. G Oct. 2, 't)4.
Daniel Epstein.
Scrgcmits.
Jacob Geiger.
Henry McCoy.
Joseph Crockford.
J. E. Hollhian, Nov. 9, '08.
Peter Karge, dis. March 9, '(>().
John Laughlin, dis. June 13, '65.
J. S. Hyland, July 7, '64; trans, to Co. G.
152
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Curporah.
C. J. B. Benson. Sept. 8, 64 ; (lis. June <i, '(io.
Joseph Moore, June 18, '64.
C. Manuel, Nov. 9, '63 ; dis. Jan. 6, 'm.
W. T. G. Young, Feb. 21, '65 ; dis. Feb. 20, '6t
Wra. Cogan, March 27, '65 ; dis. March 26, '66
Thos. Johnston, March 27, '65 ; dis. March 26,
Peter Groh.
Hyronimus Terring, Nov. 9, '63.
Stephen Bailey, died Sept. 18, '64.
Randolph Hampton, killed in action April 9, '
Charles Smith.
Josiah Hickman, musician.
Geo. H. Pullen, musician.
Benjamin D. Colkitt, wagoner.
Charles Brister, colored cook, Nov. 9, '63.
Charles Coward, colored cook, Nov. 9, '63.
Pri.nntes.
Andrew Armington, Feb. 25, '65 ; dis. Feb. 24, '
Charles Adams, Nov. 9, '63.
John Allen.
JohuG. Allen, .July 24, 64.
William Anderson.
William Andrews.
Henry Armstrong, Nov. 9, '63.
John Barth, June 24, '64; dis. June 19, '()5.
Wm. Becker.
Wm. Behan, March 25, '65 ; dis. March 24, "66.
George Bowers, Nov. 9, '6:^.
Robert M. Brown.
John Brudeu.
John C. Bryant, April 19, '64 ; trans, to Co. E.
Joseph Bozarth, died Sept. 1, '65.
Wm. Badger.
Francis Baldwin.
Wm. Barger, June 3, '64.
Thomas Banfield, June 23, '64.
William Berger.
James Black.
James Brady, Feb. 4, '65.
Patrick Brady, July 5, '64.
James Branen.
William Brown.
Wm. Brown, Jan. 18, '65.
Thomas Burke.
Patrick Burns.
John Barber, Oct. II, '64.
David Cowman.
. Wm. Challis.
Charles Chamberlain, must, out July 22, '(i5.
John Collins, Feb. 25, '65 ; must, out Feb. 24, 'ili
Israel M. Grain.
Wm. H. Clark, Aug. 2, '(>4 ; trans, to Co. F.
Charles Clemens, died July 8, '65.
.John Cassidy, Nov. 9, '63.
Louis Courld.
.John K. Cowperthwaite, Feb. 21, '65.
Jesse Day re, trans, to 69th Pa. Regt.
Edward Deichman, Nov. 9, '6.'i ; trans, to V. R. C.
i. Edward Dougherty, Feb. 9, '65 ; trans, to Co. K.
Reading Davis, Dec. 23, '64 ; died April 20, '65.
'66. Charles Dougherty, drowned Sept. 2, '64.
Patrick Daily, Feb. 4, '65.
William Davis.
William Davis, Oct. 11, '64.
65. Adolph Deneler, June 24, '64.
Albert Deurschnable, Nov. 9, '63.
Thomas Doogery, Sept. 13, '64.
John H. Dresman.
Charles Duffy.
.Tohn Duffy.
(ieorge Dunning, A|)ril 16, '64.
Charles Eck, April 6, '65, trans, to Co. B.
66. Charles Edwards, June 1, '64, trans, to Co. B.
Frank Engle, Nov. 9, '63, trans, to 19th Pa. Cav.
Harry Emcrick, Nov. 9, '63,
Charles Everhard, Nov. 9, '63.
Killian Fendrick, Sept. 6, '64, disch. Aug. 5, '65.
Edward Fuller, March 29, '65, disch. March 28,'66.
("has. F. Fackler, Sept. 6, '64, disch. Oct. 7, '64.
Fred. Fulmer, Nov. 9, '63, died Sept. 5, '65.
Samuel G. Fox.
Charles Frederick, Nov. 9, '63.
Louis Frotcher, Nov. 9, '63.
Wm. Gardner, Oct. 4, '64, disch. Nov. 20, '65.
Thos. Giblin, April 6, '65, disch. April 5, 'i\[i.
Wm. Gould, disch. Nov. 20, '65.
Daniel Green.
Charles G.Green, disch. .lune 10, '65.
James Green, Nov. 9, '63, died April 20, '65.
Joseph H. Girven, died August 7, '64.
Jacob Gallagher.
Albert J. Green, April 29, '64.
John Grim, .Tune 8, "64.
.lames Headley.
Thos. Herbert.
Valentine Hoffman, April lo, '65, ilis. April 9, '66.
William Hooper.
O. F. Howell, March 23, 'ti5, disch. March 22, '66.
John Hoy, March 16, '65, disch. August 9, '(16.
John R. Hull, March 11, '65, disch. March 10, '66.
,Iohn Hunter, Sept. 3, '64, disch. June 6, '65.
Thomas Hcailley, Sept. 9, '64.
Charles Hooper, disch. April 23, 'iid.
Benjamin Hackney, Feb. 21, '65, trans, to Co. II.
;. Wni. Harrison, July 14, '64, trans, to Co. F.
Thomas Healey, Feb. 20, '65, trans, to Co. E.
Isaiah Horton, Feb. 21, '65, trans, to Co. H.
.lohn Heerlein, April 13, "65, died .Vug. 6, 'iio.
Charles Hotl'man, Nov. 9, '63, died Aug. 9, '65.
THE WAR FOR THE UXIOX
153
E. B. Holding, June 14, '(i4, liied Feb. 4, 'H"i.
Henry Hopkins, Nov. 9, 'liS.
.loseph Ireland, Feb. 21, 'ti5, trans, to Co. H.
Napoleon Jules, April 8, '(15, disch. April 7, 't'i'>.
Wm. B. James, April 5, '()5, trans, to Co. B.
Peter Johnson, March 28, 'G.i, trans, to Co. B.
Jerome Judd, Sept. 12, 'ii4, trans to Co. G.
Henry Jackson.
Francis Jones.
Robert Keller, Nov. 9, '63.
William Kelly.
A. G. Kircliner, April 1, 'ii.=>, di.wh. Oct. 28, '65.
Epbraim Kraui.
Richard Kripps, Nov. 9, '63.
Godfield Kuhn, disch. July 12, '65.
Luther Kennedy, trans to V. R. C.
Charles Kuhn, trans, to pro. marshal.
John H. Keating, March 6, '65.
.John W. Kimball.
John Kirchuer. June 28, '64.
Edward King, April 16, '64.
John Luddy, April 10, '65, disch. April 7, '66.
George Linn, Nov. 9, '63, disch. May 5, '64.
Wni. Long, Jan. 17, '64, disch. Sept. 30, '64.
John H. Ladham, March 8, '65, trans, to Co. F.
Charles Landelt, April 10, '65, died July 21 , '65.
Albert Lee.
John Lafertv, Nov.9, '63.
Robert M. Long.
William Mathews, June 10, '64.
John McDonald, Sept. 20, '64, dis. June 6, '65.
Peter McGinley.
Peter Mclntyre, dis. June 17, '65.
John Messner, April 13, '65, dis. Oct. 28, '65.
Philip Midas.
Charles G. Moore, dis. Aug. 18, '65.
Patrick McGentry,Sept. 16, '64, dis. Oct. 2, '64.
Michael Monahan, Sept. 12, '64, trans, to Co. G.
Samuel McCoiinell, July 20, '64, tran.s. to Co. F.
Francis P. Marsh, died May 23, '65.
John Miller, Nov. 9, '63, dis. Aug. 16, 'm.
Louis Miller, drowned May 19, '64.
Richard Mansfield.
William Martin, Feb. 3, '65.
John Mathews, Jan. 10, '65.
Frederick Metz, June 17, '64.
William McGill, Nov. 9, '63.
Francis McGinley.
Michael Moran.
Thomas Morau.
.lames Murphy, Nov. 9, "6:i.
Thomas Murphy.
John L. Myres.
James MeCarty, May 2ii, '64.
.loseph S. Nayior.
20
Peter F. Xicluils, Dec. 2S, '64, dis. FeU. 2, '66.
Patrick Noonan, June 14, '64, dis. Ocl. 24, '65.
William O'Brien, Feb. S, '65.
.lohn O'Connor, March 21. '65.
Theodore W. Price, died .Aug. 4. 'i>4.
J(din Owens.
.\ngnst Ramus, April 8, 'ti5, dis. .\pril 7, 'ii6.
.lohn Riordan, April 7. '65, trans, to Co. (.'.
.lohn Ranch.
William M. Reed.
.lohn Riley.
William Roberts.
Stephen Roouey.
Frank Rupiuni. Nov. 9, '63.
Israel Schaad.
George H. Snyder.
Peter Stidham,Sept. 9, '64, di.s. Sept. 7, '65.
James R. Sweeney, Feb. 28, '65, dis. Feb. 25, 'C>G.
Henry Schmidt, April 6, '65, trans, to Co. C.
Valentine Silberer, Nov. 9, '63, tr. to 19th Pa. Cdx.
John T. Shaw, dis. July 25, '64.
David Sweeney, died Feb. 29, '64.
Henry Saunders. Nov. 9, '63.
.John Scanlon.
George W. Smith, April 5, '65.
William Smith.
John Stanton.
David Stephens.
Henry Stover, Jan. 10, '65.
Thomas Shardon, May 20, '64.
John C. Thomas, Feb. 20, '65, dis. July 7, '65.
Francis Tippin, March 13, '65, dis. March 22, '65.
Abraham Tyler, died Feb. 4, '64.
Richard Ulbrich, April 6, '65, trans, to Co. C.
Francis Weaver, Oct. 4, '64, dis. Nov. 20, '65.
Waldo 'VVilkes, April 11, '65, dis. April 10, '65.
John Wilson, Oct. 4, '64, dis. June 16, '65.
.Tohu Wilkes, May 16, '64, trans, to Co. D.
Charles Williams, Nov. 9, '63, died June 7, '65
Christopher Winters, died Sept. 16, '63.
William White.
Patrick Wiggins, Feb 4, '65.
Thomas Wilde.
John Williams.
John H. Wilson, Feb 20, '64.
Jacob Wine, Nov. 9, '63.
Antonio Witzel.
Charles Weaver, May 20, '64.
In all, tliirly-two (Munpaiiics id" inlaiitry
were raised in ( 'anidcn ( "oiinty hclwct'ii
the heginuint;- ami cbisc ni' the war, fur .sorv-
ice under tlie I'liiled .Slates govenunent.
('oni|irisino- withiTi its limits, aeeordint;- t<i
154
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
tlie census of 1860, a pojnilation of but
34,457, uu coiunuinity perhaps iu the coun-
try sent a larger proportion of its able-
bddied men to fight for the preservation
(jf the Union. They made for them-
selves an untarnished reputation as brave,
efficient and well-disciplined soldiers in the
Army of the Potomac, in the Army of the
Shenandoah, in the Carolinas and in the
West; many sealed their courage and de-
votion with their blood, and the survivors
i-eturned to receive the gratitude and plaudits
of their fellow-citizens, and i)e honored so
long as pati'iotism shall endure.
Gkn. Joshua B. Howeli, was Ixirn at
Fancy Hill, the site of the family mansion
of the HowelLs, Woodbury, N. J., September
n, 1806. He was educated in the academy
of that place and in Philadelphia, where he
studied law under the direction of Richard
C. Wood, an able lawyer of that day, and after
admission to the bar, removed in the fall of
1828, to Uniontown, Fayette County, where
he commenced the practice of his profession,
and where he soon won prominence. From his
early boyhood he took an interest in military
ailairs, and when he attained manhood he
joined a military company, was promoted
from one position to another until he became
a brigadier-general under the old militia
.system, and was known as a skillful disciplin-
arian. When the Civil War began he was
nearly fifty-five years of age, yet he promptly
ottered his services to the national govern-
ment, and was chosen colonel of the Eighty-
fifth Regiment of I'enn.sylvania Volunteers
in November, 1861. His command, in 1862,
joined in tiie Peninsular Campaign against
Richmond.
At the battle of Williamsburg, Colonel
Howell commanded a brigade and received
special mention for meritorious services. At
Fair Oaks his regiment was distinguished
for bravery, and on the retreat of the Union
forces from White Oak Swamp to Harrison's
Landing it was for a considerable time in
the rear of IMcClellan's army, stubbornly
contesting the ground with the advancing
enemy. At the close of the Peninsular
Campaign, Colonel Howell's health was se-
riously impaired. He obtained leave of ab-
sence for a time, which he spent among his
friends in New Jersey, and then joined his
command near Fortress Monroe. His regi-
ment then occupied Sutt'olk until January,
1863, when he was promoted to the command
which was attached to the ex])edition, under
(iencral Hunter, against Charleston, 8. C.
His i)rigade was the first to capture P^olly
Island, a foothold by means of which (iene-
ral Gillmore was enabled to capture IMorris
Island, at Charleston Plarbor, shortly before
the fall of Fort Wagner. General Howell
suffered a concussion of the brain from the
explosion of a .shell, and was relieved on a
furlough. After recuperation he retui'ne<l
to his brigade at Hilton Head, and com-
manded that district, including Fort Pulaski,
Tybce Island and St. Helena Island, the
approaches to Savannah, until ordered to
Fortress Monroe to join the forces of (ieneral
Butler, in the campaign against Richmond,
where his name became a synonym for gal-
lantry. In August, 1864, he spent a >hort
furlough in New Jersey, and returned to his
brigade, then under Hancock, on the north
side of the James River. The very day
after his return, the Confederates assailed his
position but were driven back. He was then
promoted to a major-general and assigned to
the command of the Third Division of the
Tenth Corps. Having occasion to visit the
headquarters of the corps on September 12,
1864, at shortly after midnight, he mounted
his horse, which, upon starting, turned into
a divergent path, and being suddenly checked,
reared and fell back upon its rider. About
fifteen minute.s after this accident he fell into
a stupor from wiiich he never rccovei'ed, and
at seven o'clock in the evening of the 14th
of September he died. Major-Cileneral Alfred
H. Terry, in 1882, said of General Howell :
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
155
"My recollections of Gen('r;ii Unwell as a
man and an offieer are as clear and distinct
as tiiev were eighteen years ago. I have
never known a more courteons gentleman ;
i never saw a more gallant and devoted of-
ticer. The record of his service was with-
out s]»ot or blemish." In the army corps in
which he served he was widely known and
universally respected and admired. His nn-
tiniely death was lamented by all his com-
rades as a loss well-nigh irrei)ai'able, not only
to themselves, but to the country also.
Lons K. Fr.vxcine, colonel of the
Seventh Regiment of New Jersey \'olun-
teers, was born in the city of Philadelphia
March 26, 1837, though at the time he en-
tered the army he was a citizen of Camden.
His father, James Louis Franciuc, was a na-
tive of Bayonne, France.
The Frauciue family originally came from
Florence, Italy, where they are known to
have held offices since the thirteenth century.
They settled in France during the reign of
Henri IV, and were naturalized in the year
si.xteen hundred. Franyois de Francine, gen-
tleman-in-waiting and .steward of the king,
was appointed general supfrintendrnt uf (lie
water-works and fountainx of" the Royal
Houses of France. The construction of the
aqueduct of Arcueil, the Chateau d' Eau, the
Observatoire and other historical monuments
is due to him. Many of his descendants were
officers of high rank in the army and navv,
and bore the title of count.
James Louis Francine, the father of Colonel
Francine, a lineal descendant of the Flor-
entine emigrants to France, being the eldest
L'hild and only son, at the age of twenty-
one began an extensive tour throughout the
civilized world, and as one of the results of
that traveling, became proficient in the use
of', at least, seven languages. In 182fi, when
forty years old, he settled in the city of
Philadelphia, and by the death of his father
he inherited the paternal estate, which he
increased by judicious investment.
He removed to Camden, there spent many
of his later years, and died at the age
of eighty in that city, 1866, three years after
the unfoi-tunate death of liis heroic son,
the loss of whom he dceplv mourned and
from which sad bercavemenl he never re-
covered.
By his marriage witli Catherine I^ohra, a
great granddaughter of John (ieorge Knorr,
(an European of unblemished character, who
came to this country in 1725 to escape relig-
ious persecution, and settled in German-
town), James Louis FrancMuo had seven
children, four of whom died in infancy. The
others were Louis R. (the subject of this biog-
raphy) Mary V. (Mrs. Gal zmer, deceased) and
Albert Philip (now deceased, who was mar-
ried to Anna F. Hollingshead, granddaugh-
ter of Dr. Joshua Hollingshead, of Moores-
town, and on her mother's side a descendant
of the Stockton family of New Jersey). The
only lineal representatives of the Fi'ancine
family in America, are her sons Albert
Philip and Horace Hugh Francine.
Louis R. Francine grew to manhood in
Camden. His early youth was spent at home
and he attended a select school in Camden
taught by Lafiivette and Talleyrand Grover,
the former of whom became the (iovernor of
Oregon and afterwards a United States Sena-
tor fnnu the .same State. Young Francine,
when but a boy, develope<l an inherited
love for military display, watcheil with eager
interest the local volunteer com])anies at their
regular parades and drills and then himself
trained amateur military companies of his
little school-fellows. He was next seat to a
military school at Flushing, L. I., at which
institution he showed aptness as a pupil and
gained considerable proficiency in the science
of mechanics and mathematics.
In order that he might Itecome accjuainted
with the native country of his ancestors, he
accompanied his father to France in 1851,
and spent one year in travel in that country.
Desiring to take an extended course in engi-
156
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NKW JERSEY.
neering, whicli to liini had great attractions,
in 1856 he returned to France, entered the
Ecole Polytechnique at Paris and spent two
years in that famous institution. While
at Paris he made his home witii the
Countesse de Brisey, his aunt, and lie tiins
became associated with intelligent and cul-
tured people of the French capital and
entered the fashionable society of that city.
He became a brilliant and entertaining con-
versationalist and a forcible and versatile
writer. During his stay of two years in
France he contributed to a Philadelphia jour-
nal a series of interesting letters which were
much admired. He returned to Camden in
1858, and when the war opened which en-
dangered the preservation of the Union,
Colonel Franeine had just entered upon his
twenty-fifth year. He speedily raised a com-
pany of soldiers from Cape May County,
which, in August, 1861, was oiKcered and
equipped, with himself as captain, and formed
Company A of the Seventh New Jersey
Volunteers. The regiment was mustered into
the service at Camp Olden, Trenton, and on
September 19th was sent to Washington,
reported for duty with nine hundred and
twentv men, the following day went into
camp at Meridian Hill, D. C, and there re-
mained until the early part of December,
1861. It constituted one of the four regi-
ments composing the Second New Jersey
Brigade, though after the battle of Gettys-
burg it was attached to different brigades. It
took part in the following-named battles :
Yorktown, \\'illiamsburg, Fair (Jaks, Seven
Pines, Savage Station, Glendale, Malvern
Hill, Bristoe Station, Bull Run, Chantilly,
Centreville, Fredcricksbui-g, Chancellorsville,
Gettysburg, Wapping Heights, McLean's
Ford, Mine Itun, Wilderness, Spottsylvania,
Spottsylvania Court-House, North Anna
River. Tolopotomy Creek, Cold Harbor, Be-
fore Petersburg, Deep Bottom, Mine Kxplo-
sion, James River, Fort Sedgwick, Poplar
Spring Church, Boydton Plank-Road, Fort
Morton, Hatcher's Run, Armstrong House,
Capture of Petersburg, Amelia Spring,
Farmville, and was present at Apj)omattox
when General Lee surrendered.
The regiment was composed of a class of
men noted for their undaunted bravery. The
guiding spirit of this command from the time
it entered the service through all the memor-
able engagements mentioned above to the
great and decisive battle of Gettysburg was
the brilliant and heroic Colonel Louis R.
Franeine, who, from the position of captain,
was promoted to lieutenant-colonel July 8,
1862, and to the entire command of the regi-
ment December 9, 1862.
Early in the war he won the admiration of
his commanders and the confidence of his
men in the manly courage which he displayed
at the battle of Fair Oaks, in the Peninsular
campaign. In the battle of Chancellorsville, as
colonel of the regiment, for his soldierly con-
duct and eminent ability to command, he re-
ceived the highest encomiums of his superior
officers, and still further increased the confi-
dence of the rank and file in him as a cour-
ageous leader. The following is his graphi-
cally written report of the part his regiment
took in this engagement :
"I have the honor to submit the following as the
proceedings of ray regiment in the late movement
agtiiust the enemy : At ten o'clock p.m.. Tuesday,
April 28, having just returned from piclcet-liue, the
regiment joined the brigade and marched to the
left and bivouacked near ' White Oak Church '
early the next morning. At daybreak we were
massed to support troops in front of us. We re-
mained in that position until one o'clock on the
afternoon of the 30th, when we retraced our steps
and crossed the river at the United States Ford
early on the morning of the Isl of May. We
remained at or near the ford, doing picket-duty,
until the following morning about eight o'clock,
when I received an order to report my regiment to
General Humphreys, commanding Third Division,
Fifth Army Corps. I did so without delay, and
he assigned me a position on his extreme left,
to cover the approaches by the Mott or River road
to the United States Ford. Early in the afternoon
of the same day General Humphreys ordered me
t
THK WAR FOR THE UNION.
157
to take a small body of picked men from my reg-
iment and reconnoitre the position of the enemy
in my immediate front, to note the topography of
the country, and the apparent strength of tin-
enemy, and the manner of their approach to our
lines. This I did, penetrating the country for two
miles in one direction and a mile and a half in
another. My report was highly satisfactory to the
General. 1 am indebted deeply to Captain James
McKiernan and Daniel R. Burrell, of my regiment,
for valuable services rendered upon that occasion.
At midnight I moved my regiment to the right of
our line, by order from General Meade through
General Humphreys, and joined the brigade, arriv-
ing there at about two o'clock p.m. The follow-
ing morning (Sunday), at about five o'clock, my
regiment was again detached from the brigade,
and under orders from Major Tremain, of Gen-
eral Sickles' staff, filled up a gap occurring be-
tween General Birney's right and our immediate
tront.
" After a short time my regiment advanced into
the woods in front of the breast works, and by
maintaining a flanking position under a very heavy
tire for over three hours, captured five stands of
colors and over three hundred prisoners, among
the latter one colonel, one major and several line
oBicers. The colors were taken from the Twenty-
first Virginia, Eighteenth North Carolina, First
Louisiana, Second North Carolina, and the fifth
from some Alabama regiment. The Second North
Carolina Regiment we captured almost in toto. At
about nine o'clock, the ammunition giving out
and the muskets becoming foul, I ordered the reg-
iment to fall back from the woods. After this, a
regiment having fallen back from our breast-
works and the enemy coming close upon them
(Second N(irth Carolina State troops), my regiment
charged and captured their colors and themselves
almost wholly. Again we fell back sirghtly, and
confusion, occasioned by our lines in front getting
in disorder, threw my regiment further back to the
rear. At this time, through exhaustion, my voice
left me entirely, I being scarcely able to speak in
a whisper. Upon the advice of my surgeon, 1
retired from the field; the command then devolved
upon my lieutenant-colonel, whose report I here
enclose. It would be impossible for me to single
out individual cases of courage, where all my offi-
cers and men behaved with such gallantry and
discretion. The trophies they took from the enemy
speak more eloquently for their actions than any
words I might use.
" For able and gallant assistance I owe much to
my field ofiicers. Their coolness and bravery in
mameuvering the men .saved nmch loss of life, con-
fusion and pain. I regret to announce, by the loss
of Lieutenant George Burdan, the loss of a brave
and efficient officer. My loss in killed, wounded
and missing was one hundred and fifty-three, an
official list of which I inclose : Killed, 6 ; wounded,
44; missing, 3. "Louis R. FuANCIXE,
" Cnlimel ,Seirnth AVw Jeraci/ Volunteeris.
Ill the battle of Getty.sburg Colonel Frau-
ciiie exemplified hi.s characterLstic courage
and bravery, l)ut there received a mortal
wound, from the efieet of which he died in
St. Joseph's Hospital, at Philadelphia, on the
lyth of the same month, being conveyed there
at his own request in order, as bethought, to
receive the best surgical treatment. For his
gallantand meritorious services on the eventful
day he received his fatal wound, he was pro-
moted brigadier-general. Owing to his death
he never received the commission, but it was
issued and .sent to the family, as indicated in
the following document ;
•' ExEt'iTTivE Department, Washinutox, D. C.
" April 29, 1867.
" To Marcus L. Warh, Ooremor of New Jeney.
Dear Sir: 1 have the honor herewith of trans-
mitting to you the Brevet Commission of Brigadier-
General for the family of Colonel Louis R. Fran-
cine, 7th New Jersey Volunteers, mortally wounded
at the battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, July 2,
1863. This brevet has been conferred for the gal-
lant and meritorious conduct of Colonel Francine,
mentioned in my official report of the battle, and
brought especially to the notice of the Secretary
of War during the late session of Congress. I
trust that this indication of the appreciation of
Col. Francine's gallant services may prove accept-
able to his family and friends. I have to ask that
you will transmit this commission to his family.
"A. A. Humphreys
" Brig-Gen. A' Chief of Engineers,
Major-ileneral of Volunteers."
(jteiieral William J. Sewell, who for a time
commanded the Sei»nd Brigade, gives the
following estimate of ( 'olonel Francitie, and
his opinion of him as a soldier :
''Col. Franciue was intuitively a soldier. He
was one of the conspicuous officers among the vol-
unteers and had a natural love for the profession.
158
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
He was specially adapted to it, by reason of the
severity of his own habits, being a strict discipli-
narian of himself and consequently of those under
him. He had an absorbing idea of the importance
of the trust confided to him, and the necessity of
utilizing every moment to perfect himself in all
that pertains to the details of his profession, using
every spare moment in the study of the higher
branches of science and strategy. In a short time
he became one of the leading officers in the New
Jersey troops and bis regiment a model of drill
and discipline. His gallantry at Chancellorsville
was repeated at Gettysburg, where, in the Peach
Orchard, he held his regiment, in connection with
the rest of the Second Brigade, under the most ter-
rific storm from the combined batteries of Long-
street, and when the Confederate forces in over-
whelming numbers reached the Third Corps, the
New Jersey brigade fell slowly back with their
faces to the enemy, disputing every inch of the
ground. It was here that the gallant Col. Fran-
cine received a mortal wound, giving up his life to
the country that he loved so well and tried so hard
to save."
Major Edw aud \V. Coffjx was burn at
Haminouton, Atlantic County, N. J., on tlie
5th of June, 1824, and spent his early years
in the vicinity of his home. On the comple-
tion of his studies he engaged in glass man-
ufacturing and was thus occupied until his
removal to Camden, in 1851. At this point
and later in Lancaster County, Pa., he was
engaged in nickel manufacturing. In 1801
he entered the United States service, having
been appointed to the Subsistence Depart-
ment as captain and commis.sary of subsist-
ence. In March, 1862, he accomjianied the
Army of the Potomac to the James River,
continuing with tiie advance up the Penin-
sula to Yorktown, where he remained until
July, 1864. Major Coffin was then ordered
to Fortress Monroe in charge of the depot of
supplies for the Armies of the Potomac and
James and the Departments of Virginia and
North Carolina. In December, 1864, he was
ordered as chief of subsistence to the Fort
Fisher expedition aud later to the Army of
the James, where he remained until Febru-
ary, 1865. Major Coffin was then ordered
to Yorktown and placed in command of the
county of York. He was mustered out of
service in December, 1865. He was breveted
major for meritorious services in the subsist-
ence department. May 13, 1865. After some
time spent in Arizona, Major Coffin entered the
service of the Camden and Atlantic Railroad,
and in 1883, when its control was secured
by the Pennsylvania Railroad, was appointed
division freight agent, which position he now
fills.
Cai'T. ABRAHAjr M. BROW.NrN(i was born
in Philadelphia, I*a., September 3, 1843, and
was the son of Maurice and Anna A. Brown-
ing. His early education was acquired under
the excellent training of Ins uncle, Professor
Williaiu Fewsmith. He afterward entered
Yale College, where he was a diligent .stu-
dent. During his collegiate course the Civil
War opened, and young Browning, with a
patriotism which had characterized his an-
cestor.s, entered the army, though but just of
age, as captain of Company H, Tliirty-
eighth New Jersey Volunteer Infantry. He
was faithful in the performance of his duties,
was naturally a soldier, w^as entrusted with
the erection of fortifications, and had charge
of large bodies of men, wiiom lie handled
with ease and skill.
He contracted laryngitis and died at his
residence. Cherry Hill Farm, on tlie morning
of January 12, 1880. He left a widow,
Josephine Cooper Browning, daughter of the
late Ralph V. M. Cooper and Louisa F.,
daughter of the late Dr. Joseph and Lydia
H. Fyfiekl, of Camden. Captain Browning
left four children, — Louise Cooper, Maurice
Harold aud Abraham Maurice.
Captain Browning was a member of the
Protestant Episcopal Church, and vestryman
in Grace Protestant Ej)iscopal Church, Had-
donfield. He was a Ri'pnblican in politics,
and died leaving an unsullied reputation as
a fearless and brave man, conscientious in
every particular, strict in integrity, and few
have left as pure and blameless a record as
he. He was a member of the firm of Browu-
^^^^K
THE WAR FOR THE TTNION.
159
ing Brothers, 42 and 44 North Front Street,
Philadelphia.
William C. Hansell was horn in Nor-
ristown, Pa., March 19, 1845, and is a son
of William S. and Margaret Cummings
Hansell. He obtained his education in the
schools of his native town and when but a
vouth, at the outbreak of the Civil War, im-
bued with boyish patriotism, he enlisted
September 16, 1861, in Company F of the
Fifty-first Regiment of Pennsylvania Volun-
teers, raised in Montgomery County, and com-
manded by that distinguished soldier Major-
General John F. Hartranft, afterwards Gov-
ernor of Pennsylvania. In tiiis organization
our subject was a druramer-bt)y. The Fifty-
first Regiment was assigned to the Ninth
Corps, commanded by General Burnside, and
accompanied the expedition to North Caro-
lina and there participated in the battles of
Roanoke Island, Newbern and Camden.
This regiment was the first to place the colors
on the Confederate breast-works defending the
approaches of Newbern, and it was then given
the right of the line in the advance upon that
<'ity, which immediately surrendered, being
at tile same time attacked by the fleet in the
liarbor.
Young Hansell shared the fortunes of the
regiment throughout the war, being mus-
tered out on tlie 2d of August, 18lJo. He
marched with the gallant and sadly shattered
Fifty-first 1738 miles, traveled by sea and
water courses 5390 miles and by railway
.3311, making the huge total of 10,439 miles
of travel, most of which wa.s under the most
unfavorable conditions, accompanied by fa-
tigue, hardships, harassments and dangers,
such as the soldier only knows. He was
present witii the regiment in twenty -one bat-
tles, as follows :
Roanoke Island, February 7, "(32 ; New-
bern, March 14, '(32 ; Camden, N. C, April
19, '62; Bull Run, August 29, '62; Chan-
tilly, Va., September 1, '62; South Moun-
tain, September 14, '62 ; Antietam, Septem-
ber 17, '62; Fredericksburg, December 12,
'62 ; Vicksburg, July 4, '63 ; Jackson, July
13, '63; Campbell Station, November 16.
'63 : Knoxwell, December 28, "63 ; Wilder-
ness, May 6, '64; Spottsylvania, May 12,
'64; North Anna, May 25, '64 ; Cold Harbor,
June 3, '64 ; Petersburg, June 17 and 18,
'64; Petersburg, July 30, '64; Yellow Tav-
ern, August 19, '64 ; Ream's Station, August
21, '64; Petersburg, April 1, '65.
At the close of the war Mr. Hansell re-
mained in Washington and engaged in busi-
ness in that city for one and a half years and
then came to Camden, where he has since re-
sided. He was under the employ of John
S. Read, in his paper store on Federal Street,
for a few years, and in 1868 was appointed
messenger to the First National Bank of
Camden and held that position with the full
confidence of the directors of the institution
until 1876, "when he retired in order to en-
gage in business for himself During the
year named he ojiened a paper store at 203
Market Street, Camden, where, by his own
business ability and energy, he has built uji
and continued to enjoy a prosperous trade,
having filled large contracts for jiapering
houses in Camden and elsewhere.
In 1867 Mr. Hansell was married to
Miss Lizzie Hemsing, daughter of Wm.
Hemsing, of Camden. They have one child,
Carrie.
At the annual reunion of the survivors
present of the Fifty-first Regiment held in
Petersburg, Ya., iu 1886, Mr. Hansell was
chosen vice-president. This meeting was
held in the crater which was formed at the
time of the famous "mine explosion," Julv
30, 1864. The reunion at that place was
brought about at the suggestion of Mr. Han-
sell. He is a member of the Union Veteran
Legion, of which only soldiers who have
served two years can become members.
The Draft. — The exigencies of the Civil
War compelled the passage of the Conscrip-
tion Act by the Congress of the United
160
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
States, approved by the President March
3, 1863. To execute this act the loyal
States were divided into sections correspond-
ing to their Congressional districts, and a
board of enrolment was established in each.
These boards were composed of a provost-
marshal, surgeon and commissioner, of which
the provost-marshals were presidents, and
before which daily all questions relating to
the conscription were brought for discussion
and were decided by a majority vote of tiie
hoard.
The first Congressional district of New
Jersey at that date was composed of six coun-
ties, viz., Camden, Atlantic, Gloucester,
Salem, Cumberland and Cape May. The
appointment of the officials of the board of
enrolment for this district was by law vested
in the President of the United States, but
virtually was exercised by the member of
Congress at that time, the Hon. John F.
Starr, of Camden, who, during this trying
period, played a disinterested patriotism
worthy of all praise. The ' personnel of the
board during the little over two years of its
existence was as follows, viz. : Colonel Eob-
ert C. Johnson, of Salem,' provost-marshal
from May 2, 1863, to March 24, 1864. He
was succeeded by Captain Alexander Wentz,
of Woodbury, who was appointed April
25, 1864, and was honorably discharged
November 15, 1865. Dr. John R. Steven-
son was commissioned surgeon May 2, 1863,
served until the close of the war and was
honorably discharged June 15, 1865. Col-
onel James M. Scovel was commissioner from
May 2, 1863, until November 27th, of the
same year, when he resigned, and Philip .1.
Gray was appointed to the vacancy December
8, 1863, and was honorably discharged April
30, 1865. In addition to the.se, the provost-
marshal had authority to appoint two depu-
ties and one special officer. The first two
were Captain Henry M. Jewctt, of Winslow,
and Captain Aaron Ward, of Camden ; Ben-
jamin F. Sweeten, of the latter place, was
special officer. All these served until the
close of the war. The law provided that,
when necessary, assistant surgeons might be
selected to aid the surgeon. Under this pro-
vision Dr. H. Genet Taylor was appointed
assistant surgeon in June, 1864, and contin-
ued until the close of the conscription, in
April, 1865. For a short period in the au-
tumn of 1864, Dr. Jonathan Leaming, of
Cajje May, also aided in the medical exami-
nations.
The headquarters of tiie lioard of enrol-
ment were directed to be located in Camden.
They were established in the second and
third floors of Hall, at the northwest cor-
ner of Fourth and Market Streets. This
building being too small to accommodate the
public, the office was removed, in the spring
of 1864, to Morgan's Hall, on the southeast
corner of the same streets. The rendezvous
where the recruits and the guard were quar-
tered was the hall at the northeast corner of
Fourth and Federal Streets. During the ex-
amination of the drafted men of C'umberland
and Cape May Counties, in June and in
August, 1864, the board held its sessions in
Miilville, Cumberland (^ounty, in an unoccu-
])ied store and warehouse.
The first draft in the district was made in May,
1 864, under the call of the President for three
hundred thousand men, issued October 17,
1863. In Camden it was executed with the
greatest publicity and visible fairness, in a
small frame house (since demolished) upon
the north side of Market Street, below Third,
in front of which an open stand was erected.
A list of all the enrolled men in the district
was copied and, together with the slips of pa-
|)er upon which each name was separately
written, were handed to a committee of citi-
zens who had been api)ointed at the boards'
recpicst to conduct the drawing. These slips
\vere placed by a citizen in the wheel wiiich
another turned, while a third drew out the
papers and read the names to the assembled
people. \(i sliiiw of force was made, the
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
161
armed guard liaving been left behind at tlie
office. Not a murmur of disapproval or dis-
satisfaction was heard from the multitude.
But very few of tlie drafted men were in-
voluntarily forced into the army. The wealth-
ier ones put in substitutes. The remainder
either volunteered or their places were tilled
bv other volunteers, all of whom were induced
to enlist by the payment of a bounty by the
township.
All males i)etween twenty and forty-five
years of age were liable to do military duty ;
therefore, all within those ages in the First
District were enrolled. Foreigners who had
not taken out naturalization papers, nor de-
clared their intention to become citizens, were
exempt. With this exception, there was no
escape except by reason of physical disability.
The total number of men examined by the
surgeons during the existence of the provost-
marshal's office in Camden was 7883. Of
these, 2215 were drafted men, of whom 124.3
were accepted. Of the enrolled men not yet
drafted, 1605 applied either to have their
names stricken from the rolls because they
thought themselves unfit for service or else
desired to enlist. Of these, 827 were found
to be fit for duty. The number of substi-
tutes offered was 2305, and 1 242 were ac-
cepted. In addition to those, 48 discharged
wounded soldiers were re-enlisted in the Xet-
eran Reserve Corps, making a total of 4371
men placed in the army and navy from the
First Congressional District of New Jersey.
8rTMMARY OF Battles. — In the four
years of service, the armies of the ITnion —
counting every form of conflict, great and
small — had been in twenty-two hundred and
sixty-five engagements with the Confederate
troops. From the time when active hostili-
ties began until the last gnu of the war was
fired, a fight of .some kind — a raid, a skir-
mish or a pitched battle — occurred at some
j)oint on our widely-extended front nearly
eleven times a week, upon an average. Count-
ing only those engagements in which the
•21
I'niou loss, in killed, wounded and missing
exceeded one hundred, the total number was
three hundred and thirty. From the north-
ernmost point of contact to the .southernmost
the distance by any practicable line of com-
munication was more than two thousand
miles. From east to west the extremes
were fifteen hundred miles apart. During
the first year of hostilities — one of prepara-
tion on bi.>th sides — the battles were naturally
fewer in number and less decisive in charac-
ter than afterwards, when discipline had been
imparted to the troops by drill, and when
the materiel of war had been collected and
stored for prolonged campaigns. The en-
gagements of all kinds in 1861 were thirty-
five in number, of which the most serious
was the Union defeat at Bull Run. In 18(32
the war had greatly increased in magnitude
and intensity, as is shown by the eighty-four
engagements between the armies. The net
result of the year's operations was highly
favorable to the Rebellion. In 1863 the
battles were one hundred and ten in number
— among them some of the most significant
and important victories for the Union. In
1864 there were seventy-three engagements,
and in the winter and early spring of 1865
there were twenty-eight.'
It is estimated that tluring the war fifty-
six thou.sand Union soldiers were killed in
battle and about thirty-five thousand died in
hospitals of wounds and one hundred and
eighty-four thou.sand by disease. The total
casualties, if we include those who died sub-
sef(uent to their discharge, were about three
hundred thousand. The loss of Confederates
in battle was less, owing to the fact that they
were fighting on the defensive, but they lo.st
more from wounds and disea.se on account of
inferior sanitary arrangements. The total
loss of life cau.sed by the war for the preser-
vation of the Union exceeded half a million,
and nearly as many were disabled,
' '2 Blaine's ■• Tweuty Years of Congress," 20.
162
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Northern Men in Service. — The calls,
periods of service and number of men ob-
tained during the Civil War from the North-
ern States were as follows :
N\irabpr Period of Number.
Bate of flail. called. Service. nlilHlDed.
April 15, 18(!1 75,000 3 months 03,326
May anfl July, 18(n..582,748 3 years 714,231
May and June, 1S62 3 months 15,007
July 2, 18(52 300,000 3 years 431,958
August 4, 1862 300,000 months 87,588
June 15, 1863 100,000 6 months 16,361
October 17, 1863 300,000 3 years 1 374x07
February 1, 1864 200,000 3 years |
March 14, 1864 200,000 3 years 284,021
April 23, 1864 85,000 100 days 83,652
July 18, 1864.- 500,000 1, 2 and 3 yrs. 3S4,8S2
December 19, 1864..300,000 1, 2 and 3 yrs. 204,-568
2,942,748 2,69(1,401
The following statement, as appears by the
report at the office of Adjutant-CJeneral Wil-
liam S. Stryker, at Trenton, for 1865, ex-
hibits the number of men called for, the
number of meu furnished by New Jersey
and their terra of enlistment from April 17,
18fil, to April 20, 1865.
Number of men furnished for four years 155
" " " three years... 42,572
" " " two years 2,243
" " " one year 16,812
" " " nine months. 10,787
" " " three months 3,105
" " 100 days 700
" " " not classified 2,973
Credited to Stale 79,348
Furnished but not credited 8,957
Total 88,305
More meu oftered their services than the
State had authority to accept, and so those
who, altliough they had preferred to enlist in
New Jersey organizations, went into regi-
ments of other States. Six full companies of
New Jersey troops entered into the Excelsior
Brigade of New York, commanded by Gen-
eral Sickles ; others enlisted in the Forty-
eighth New York Infantry, the One Hun-
dred and Twelfth Pennsylvania Heavy Ar-
tillery, Anderson's Cavalry Troop, the
Third Pennsylvania ( lavalry, the Eleventh
Pennsylvania Cavalry, First New York
Cavalry, Company ,\, Twentieth New York
Volunteers, Bramhall's Battery, Ninth New
York State Militia. Two full companies
al.10 entered in SerrilTs Engineers, and the
State lost the credit on her <juota.
Reception of Retfrneo Soldiers in
1864. — A couvention of loyal men of New
Jersey as.sembled at Newark, the 30th of
May, 1864, and determined to give the re-
turning soldiers of New Jersey a suitable
reception in their respective counties, on the
4th of July, same year. James M. Scovel
represented the county of Camden. Accord-
ingly, the soldiers of this county arranged for
a celebration at Haddonfield, to take place
in the grove of John Hopkins, on the above
date. It was estimated that there were five
thousand people present, all of whom were
amply fed from the bountiful tables prepared
under the mauageinent of the committee of
arrangements.
The Union League of Camden acted as
an escort to the soldiers from Camden City.
One feature of the procession wius a color
guard composed almost entirely of one-armed
men. General George M. Robeson made
the speech of welcome, which was greatly
applauded; P. C. Brinck read the Declara-
tion of Independence ; Major Calhoun, on
the part of the soldiers, returned thanks for
the honor done them ; Hon. .James S. Scovel,
C. T. Reed, Rev. Mr. Dobbins made patriotic
remarks on the occasion ; the ladies were ac-
tive in their attention to the returned soldiers
of the county.
Women's Work in the W.vr. — The
same spirit which prompted the soldiers to
go to the front, kindled the noble and gener-
ous efforts of devoted and patriotic women
at home to aid and contribute to the comfort
of the former. They formed, in Camden,
the Ladies' Aid Society, the Ladies' Relief
As.s()ciation, and not only contributed largely
toward these organizations in money, but also
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
163
gave tlu'ir tinip and attention and partici-
pated iu tiie grand results arising from the
great Sanitiiry Fair.
The great Central Fair of the Sanitary
Coniinissiou of the States of Xew Jersey,
Pennsylvania and Delaware was opened, in
Philadclpiiia, on the 7th of June, 18(34, with
appropriate ceremonies. Addresses were
mad<? by the Governors of the three States
named. The fair was the great object of at-
traction from its opening to its close, on June
28th. It realized for the commission over
one million and eighty thousand dollars.
It has been asserted by the ciironicles of
tiie day that Xew Jersey exhiliited the most
interesting relics in the fair.
The Camden Auxit.iaiiy _
ru THE Samtaky Fair. — On
Monday evening, April lOtli,
1864, a large meeting of the
prominent citizens of Camden
was held at the dwelling of R.
B. Potts, (in Cooper Street, in ' >i
Camden, at which Judge Thos.
P. Carpenter acted as chairman
and Mr. Farr as secretary.
Resolutions were passetl to
organize an efficient auxiliary
to assist in the Great Fair to be
held in Pliiladelphia, and to
invoke the assistance of the
ladies of Camden City and
County in the enterprise, on the next Thurs-
day evening, with the assistance of the ladies,
a plan of operations was introduced and
matured which gave assured promise tiiat
the jiatriotic citizens of Camden Coniit\-
would make the enterprise a successful one.
The name of "The West Jersey Auxil-
iary" was adopted. An executive committee
had been appointed, and by the 18th of
April, only eight days after the inception of
the enterprise, rooms had been secured at
No. 104 Market Street, Camden, and every
workshop, factory and mill in Camden sent
to these rooms the best specimens of their
workmanship. Kvery tiirmei-, workingman
and mechanic poured into the general fund
large t'ontributions of manufactured articles,
or the products of the soil that could be
turned into money, and again from money
into the means of encouraging the health and
life of the soldiers. The patriotic ladies of
Camden were not idle, and through their as-
sistance and efforts large sums came into the
treasury of the commission from every
quarter of the county. The mothers and
daughters, wives and sisters of New Jersey's
sons were energetic in their eiforts to secure
aid and assistiince. These ladies opened
their houses for entertainments of various
kinds. At these parlor entertainments were
■ENTIIVI. KAll! lUIIJilN
given charades, tableaux, etc. ; volunteer per-
formers and amateui's took part. The City
Halls were tendered free to the committee on
entertainments, immense concerts were given,
andagenerouspublicdisplayed great liberality
in purchasing tickets. The Ladies' Aid
Society and other relief associations which
had been iu successful operation for three
years joined their efforts with the Auxiliary
and collected large supplies of clothing,
blankets, stockings and other materials use-
ful to the men in military duty away from
home, and during the entii'e period of the
war these ladies were actively engaged iu
164
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
collectiug aud forwardiuo; from tlieir depot
in Camden tons of materials for tiie benefit
of the soldiers.
Captain Samuel Hufty was appointed to
take charge of the donations at General Depot
No. 4, Market Street.
The Executive Committee con.sisted of P.
J. Grey (chairman), Hon. Thomas P. Carpen-
ter, James H. Stevens, Henry B. Wilson, E.
V. Glover and John D. Tustiu.
The following gentlemen of the county
were honorary members of this Auxiliary :
Alex. G. Cattell, of Merchantville ; W. S.
McCalli.ster, Gloucester City; W. C. Milli-
gan, Haddonfield ; Charles H. Shinn, Had-
donfield.
Charles Watson, Esq., as treasurer of the
committee on entertainments, and Charles S.
Dunham, as chairman of same committee,
were most active in their eiforts to aid the
cause.
The Ladies' Correspondence Committee
consisted of Mrs. Clapp, Miss Maria Moss,
Mrs. Fogoo, Mrs. Campion, Mrs. Shinn,
Mrs. J. Vogdes, Mrs. Porter, Miss IjCM'is,
Mrs. Duhring, Miss Woodwai'd.
The following is a complete list of the
officers of the West Jersey Auxiliary to the
great Sanitary Fair : President, Hon. Thomas
P. Carpenter ; Vice-Presidents, Hon. John
F. Starr, Hon. Philander C. Brinck, Matthew
Newkirk, E. V. Glover; Secretary, William
A. Farr; Treasurer, James H. Stevens ; Cor-
resj)onding Secretary, P. J. Grey.
The chairmen of different committees were
Maui-iee Browning, on contribution of day's
work ; Robert B. Potts, products of West
Jersey fabrication ; William Fewsmith,
works of art, hi.story and relics; William J.
Potts, collections from field, forest and ocean;
John Aikman, useful and fancy articles,
home made; J. R. Stevenson, M.D., original
ballads of poetry on the war; Edward H.
Saunders, on miscellaneous articles ; Jose[)h
Fearon, on flowers and fruits ; J. D. Rein-
both, on fruits and confectionery ; Benjamin
H. Browning, on the refectory ; William A.
Farr, on finance and donations ; Charles S.
Dunham, on concerts, charades and tableaux ;
Captain Samuel Hufty, on receipt of articles
donated. Hon. James M. Scovel was ap-
pointed to act in conjunction with the United
States Sanitary Commission.
From the newspapers of the period are
gleaned the names of the following ladies —
by no means all — who were prominent in
aiding the cause, viz. : The Mi.sses Hufty,
Mrs. R. Edwards, IMrs. Thomas P. Carpen-
ter, Mrs. E. V. Glover, Mrs. J. D. Reinboth,
Mrs. Butcher, Mrs. John F. Starr, Mrs. C.
Mickle, Mrs. Thomas H. Dudley, Mrs.
Benjamin Browning, Mi.ss Betsey Mason,
Mrs. Hewlings Coles, Miss Jo.sephine Brown-
ing, the Misses Hatch, Mis. Ann Andrews,
Miss Sallie Gib.son, Miss Maggie Stoy, Miss
Sallie W. Atkinson, Mrs. Jo.seph Hatch,
the Misses Carrie, Rebecca, Louise and
Mary Hatch, Miss Sarah Eldridge, Miss
Cornelia Eldridge, die Misses Fearon.
Miss Rebecca Hatch presented the New
Jersey Department'with a haiid.some silk flag,
which was much prized.
The means of raising funds were various.
There were a boy.s' magic lantern exhibition,
a children's fair, many parlor concerts, scraiv
book sales, and the little girls of Haddon-
field contributed $82.50.
Mrs. Hettie K. Paintek, who, at the
outbreak of the war, was a resident of Cam-
den, was one of those noble and patriotic
women who left her home, went to the front
and became known in the Army of the Po-
tomac as one of the most faithful and devoted
nurses. Many a sick and wounded .soldier
of Kearny's brigade was the recipient of
her tender care and earnest solicitude. After
the Union defeat at the second battle of Bull
Run, and the rcpul.se at Fredericksburg,
where twenty men of the Union soldiers re-
ceived dangerous, or perhaps mortal, wounds,
Mrs. Painter's devotion to the unfortunate
men made her name well-known through the
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
165
eutire Army of the Potomac. !Slie contimied
to do noble work in the hospitals, with the
same faithfnluess and interest, until the close
of the war, when she returned to Camden,
and soon afterward removed to the ^\'est,
where she engaged in the jiractiee of incdi-
fine.
Mi.ss YiHoiNiA W1LLET8 (now Mrs.
James M. Stradling), of Camden, was a vol-
unteer nurse in tiie Army of the Potomac,
and wa-s connected with the Second Division
of the Second Armj' Corps. She followed tlie
army all through the battle of the Wilder-
ness and down to City Point. At Freder-
icksburg she had charge of the hospital in the
Catholic Church of that city. At Port Roy-
al she attended many of the wounded of the
battles of Chaucellorsville and White House
Landing. She remained with the army until
1804, and was associated with the well-known
army-nurse, Mrs. Mary Morris, of I'hiia-
delphia, whose husband was the grandson of
Robert Morris, of Revolutionary fame.
The Soldiers' Moxr^rENT ix Camden.
— The beautiful and imposing monument
erected to the memory of the fallen heroes of
Camden County in the A\'ar for the Union is
situated in the northeast part of the cit)-, near
the City Hall, on a plot of ground donated
by the city of Camden. It is a fine specimen
of workmanship and an honor to the city and
county. The movement which resulted in
its erection was originated by Post 5, G. A.
R.,of Camden, formerly Sedgewick Post, No.
C, who contributed the first three hundred
dollars. The ue.xt contribution was one thou-
sand dollars, by the Board of Freeholders,
which body eventually appropriated the bal-
ance of the entire amount of five thou.sand
five hundred dollars required. The monu-
ment was constructed of granite, by Krips tV:
Shearman. It is thirty-nine feet six in<'hes
high, and weighs forty-.seven tons. The
railing around the monument was furnished
by the county. The dedication took place
June 9, ]87.'>, on which occasion the city of
Camden was decorated with flags, banners
and streamers. The military display and
parade were an interesting part of the cere-
mony. There were present the Third Regi-
ment, from Elizabeth ; the Fourth Hattalion,
from Bridgetou and Millville ; the Sixth
Regiment and Battery B, of Camden. The
prominent persons present were Governor
Parker and his staff, composed of Adjutant-
THE soldiers' MOXr.MENT.
General Stryker, Quartermaster Lewis Per-
rine, Surgeon Barry and Colonels Murphy
and Dickerson ; (General Gershom Mott, with
his staff, Adjutant-General Lodor, Quarter-
master Ridgway, Surgeon Welling and
I\[ajor Owens ; General I). Hart and staff,
composed of Colonels M^eston and Murphy ;
Ifi6
IITSTOllY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Major Robbins and Captain Edgar ; Hous.
John Y. Foster, A. L. Runyan, Samuel
Hopkins.
" The ceremonies were opened by General
Carse iu a brief address. He then introduced
Rev. P. L. Davie.s, of New York, who offered
a prayer, and after this the monument was
unveiled with beautiful and appropriate cere-
monies, amid the cheers of the vast multitude
assembled, the music of the bands and
grand salute from Battery B, and the Star
Spangled Banner at the signal unfolded itself
from around the marble shaft and ascended
majestically to the peak of the flag statl' that
was erected iu the rear, and as if by magic a
perfect shower of miniature flags fell gently
upon the vast concourse below. A. C Scovel,
Esq., then introduced John Y. Foster, the
speaker of the day, and author of ' New
Jersey in the Great Rebellion.' He followed
the gallant Jersey regiments from the State
to the field and through their grand march of
triumph, not only the glorious victories won
in Virginia, but also the grandest of all
luarchea, — the march through Georgia, and
reviewed the termination and turned to re-
flect upon the great lesson of the hour."
The following names which are engraved
on this monument are of soldiers from Cam-
den County who died during the war :
Ctiloitei-:.
Louis R. Fraiicine. H. Boyd McKeen.
John P. Vanleer. Wm. B. Hatch.
Lieutenant- ( 'o/onels.
Simpson R. Stioiicl. Thomas H. Davis.
C(.ii>taitis.
('. Haufty. C. Meves.
J.M.Comb. W. K. Maxwell.
C,I. Fiekls. T. Stevenson.
I!. K. Hoisfall. ('. Wilson.
K. Ilaniihon.
First- Lieutenants.
W. S. Briggs. R. A. (JurlLs.
VV. Evans. J. R. Rich.
J. T. r.owo. J. R. Ciowell.
SefOii(l-Lieti.ten(int».
W. 8. Barnard. G. W. Ei.sler.
T. J. Howell. D. R. G'owperthwaite.
tSeryeanls.
D. A. Westcoat. G. M. Hineline.
J. D. Richardson. J. B. Johnson.
C. E. Cheesemen. C. H. Jewell.
S. W. Bates. J. R. McGowau.
J. Curtis. T. Krugg.
J. Dimon. C. W. Lowe.
C. F. Dickinson. E. Mitchell.
H. Fisler. J. W. Moore.
J. K. Frankish. I. J. Rue.
C. G. P. Goforth. P. Riley.
]'. A. Grum. C. P. Fish.
l. A. Korn. J. Woollard
C. E. Githens.
Chrporals.
,1. F. Bailey. B. Linton.
H. B Brown. E. W. Laue.
J. M. Roe. E. Livermore.
J. Clements. A. H. Merry.
W. W. Collins. J. Miller.
S. B. Carter. J. McClernand.
C. P. Norton. J. Roshback.
C. Helmuth, G. A. Smith.
W. F. Hessel. M. Slimm.
C. E. Hugg. F. Schwartz.
E. Holly. G. W. Thompson.
J. C. Dilkes. W. Thompson.
W. H. Jones. A. Wooley.
J.S.Kay. J. Zanders.
W. Rich. H. Bechtel.
G. North. H. K. Patton.
P. Larricks.
Privates.
G. Adam.s. J. Bozarth.
A. Adams. A. G. Bryan.
H. Adler. W. Batt.
.1. E. Amit. D. Bates.
J.Adams. P. Barnel.
E. Ayers. G. Boom.
T. F. Asay. S. Beck.
.1. .Anderson. W. Brown.
,1. Brown. J. Brice.
B. Budd. J. Breer.
E. Browning. E. Barber.
J. Buchanan. H. Beckley.
J. Bakely. W. Cook.
(r. B. Budd. A. Clingham.
.1. Bates. A. Coule.
L. Breyer. W. B. Carson.
A. Breyer. G. W. Chew.
J. Bebhe. J. W. Clement.
J. Bower T. Cobb.
J. Beetle, .Ir. R. (i. Curry.
,1. Bowker. T, Cloren.
L. Banks. T. D. Clark.
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
167
J. S. Copeland.
I. Calvvay.
R. Clayton.
J. Cline.
J. G. Conley.
C. F. Col let t.
I. H. Copeland.
J. Q. A. Cline.
N. B. Cook.
J. Conley.
H. Cramer.
T.Carmack.
H. Culler.
H. Graver.
J. Conlan.
J. Crammer.
J. P. Callaway.
M. Cavanaugh.
W. H. Chamberlain.
C. Downs.
J. Diehl.
J. Devlin.
S. Dermott.
S. Dermott (2d).
J. Dowel 1.
R. Dresser, Sr.
J. S. Dill.
J. R. Dornell.
E. P. Davis.
J. Dyle.
A. Downs.
.1. H. Douglas.
S. O. Darrnw.
R. Davis.
E. Dougherty.
D. Drigget.
J. E. Dorrell.
D. Doughty.
.1. J. Dannenhower.
T. Davis.
M. Effinger.
W. Earley.
R. G. Easley.
J. Elberson.
W. Edge.
J. Edinger.
A. P^lberson.
W. Evans.
J. Fitzgerald.
W. Frey.
J. A. Fenner.
D. Ford.
F. Fellows.
J. G. Foster.
J. Groskinsky.
J. Gillespy.
L. Grundliiig.
L. Gitlbrd.
C. Gautier.
.1. F. Gaul.
W. Goebel.
H. Githens.
J. Gammel.
R. Grant.
J. H. Gaunt.
G. Gerwine.
D. Gorden.
G. H. Gilbert.
A. Gervis.
J. Hollingsworth.
C. Hambrec'ht.
V. Henrieus.
H. F. Hensman.
J. F.Haines.
G. A. Holmes.
G. Haiuio.
P. F. Hilyard.
D. H. Horner.
S. G. Hultz.
W. Herring.
I,. Heller.
A. Hawk.
G. Howard.
H. Hinkle.
W. F. Halmbold.
E. Hefferman.
H. Hears.
M. Hall.
y. (J. Heils.
G. M. D. Hampton.
W. H. Plarris.
D. Horner.
.1. P. Huyck.
Adam Job.
J. W. .Fobes.
T. Johnson.
A. J. Joline.
E. Johnson,
(i. Kell.
A. J. Keim.
E. Lock.
J. Louis.
J. Logan.
W. J. Leake.
F. Laib.
D. Lutz.
J. B. Leaeh.
G. B. Land.
J. Lewis.
J. Leslie.
,1. W. Lee.
\V. R. Lancaster.
\V. Lock.
.1. K. Liphsey.
B. H. Linton.
E. Miles.
C. Mensing.
J. Munsan.
R. Marshall.
H. D. Morgan.
J. Macinall.
M. Marshall.
F. Mullen.
E. F. Mills.
T. R. Jliddleton.
<T. E. Monroe.
L. Miller.
J. Miller,
J. Maehtotl-.
T. Marrott.
.J. Murray.
A. W. Martin.
G. Mount.
G. W. Mooney.
R. J. McAdaras.
A. McGauhey.
.r. McMullen.
M. McLaughlin.
C. McLaughlin.
T. J. McKeighan.
M. McNulty.
VV. McDowell.
X. McElhone.
G. McCabe.
L. McConnell.
.1. M( Adams.
J. McKeon.
H. McMullen.
P. Nolan.
M. Nicholson.
8. B. NorcroC.
.r. S. Nicholson.
M. Nayse.
W. Nagle.
A. Oldham.
M. Oregan.
C. Owens.
F. O'Neil.
P. H. O'Doniu'll.
P. O'Donuell.
L J. Pine.
T. Pike.
J. Parks.
R. M. Price.
A. Pond.
P. Pepoon.
I). Ryan.
.1. Hh.Mle.
1). Kumford.
K. Robinson.
\V. Robust.
r. D. Ross.
.J. Ryan.
V. Rodgers.
W. Rowe.
J. Roofe.
T. J. Rudderow.
W. J. Rudy.
H. Richmond.
D. Reading.
A. Schwartz.
C. Schey.
R. F. Stone.
.1. A. Steelman.
G. A. Schmitt.
J. E. Stark.
D. M. Southard.
W. Shroder.
J. Schlatter.
.1. Sturges.
P. Stoy.
F. Stadler.
S. Syrapkins.
P Stevenson.
D. Sullivan.
B. F. Sweet.
S. Sutton.
E. H. Smith.
.V. Subers.
\V. H. Stockton.
W. H. Schafter.
S. S. Somei's.
W. R. Stewart.
J. K. Stow.
H.Smith.
B. F. Schlecht.
.1. Stevenson.
1). Sinipkins.
F. Sichttnlierg.
C. W. Skill.
F. Street.
J. Smith.
J. S. Smith.
n. p. Snyder.
W. Streoper.
H. Steflins.
T. Simpson.
T. Shields.
R. H. Strought.
C. S. Turner.
168
HISTORY OF CAMDEN (BOUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
H. G. Thorn.
G. C. Truea.x.
C. S. Tyndall.
J. Thomas.
H. Todd.
C. Ulrich.
C. Ulrich.
J. G. Vanneman.
J. Wells.
L. A. Westcoat.
T. Walker.
G. Wannan.
A. J. Walker.
S. Wilson.
B. Ware.
A. Wolf.
W. Wallace.
J. Woerner.
W. Wilson.
8. W. White.
.7. C. W' are.
J. C. Whippy.
L. P. Wilson.
T. 6. Williams.
G. Warr.
D. Wells.
J. Williams.
W. Wells.
E. Watson.
E. P. Wilson.
W. J. Wood.
C. Winters.
C. H. Wennel.
D. R. Winner.
.T. C. Young.
C. Yeager.
D. C. Yourison.
M. Zimmerman.
Neceoi.ogy. — The following i.'* a com-
plete list, as far as can be obtained from the
Grand Army Posts and the sextons of the
varions cemeteries of Camden County, of the
soldiers whose remains lie in the places
named :
CAMTEN CEMETERY.
(One hundred and thirty-five buried here.)
Samuel R. Pain.
James Coleman.
Howard Dewees.
George Williams.
James F. Ross.
Ottis G. Sanderson.
John S. Normine.
Martin Etfinger.
Samuel Miller.
Jacob Price.
George Roedel.
Andrew Merkle.
Isaac Dougherty.
Samuel B. Carter.
Lieut. Thos. S. Stewart.
Charles P. Horton.
John Miller.
C. B. McBride.
Johan Diehl.
J. F. Fisher.
Alfred Bernard.
Corpl. J. R. McOowan.
J. H. Dutton.
James Eiuely.
Charles Ilclmutli.
William I). Richardson.
James Conover.
Conover.
Harris.
Harris.
• teorge Elder.
William Dorsey.
Abner Subers.
James Smallvvood.
William L. Gray.
John Moran.
I). \y. Morton.
Joliii Robinson.
William WiLson.
William W. Whittaker.
Felden [father].
Felden [son].
Clayton Edwards.
Samuel J. Griflee.
Biddle.
Elijah Davis.
Christian Hess.
James GriflTec.
Suton (xchweiler.
Edward Eckc.
Price.
l.,anc.
Thomas C. Surran.
.lohn Thornton.
James Hollingsworth.
William Hampton.
J. H. Dutton.
C H. Cleaver.
T. J. Cheeseman.
Heinrieh Rauser.
Joseph Pike.
John B. Nevins.
William W. Howe.
Elberson.
Elberson.
John P. Cannon.
Capt. J. R.Cunningham. Brinnisholtz.
Corp. James Ireland. ('. H. Kleavor.
Corp. Peter Shivers.
Samuel Yates.
Abraham Stow.
Andrew O. Steinmets
Jacob Hirsch.
Conly.
Benjamin Anderson.
James Griffe.
Price.
J. G. Johnson.
John P. Grant. Augustus F. S. Singleton.
Adam Kolb, Sr. John Williams.
Adam Kolb, Jr. Daniel Rowan.
Sibenlist. James C. Lewis.
Sibenlist. Robert Middleton.
Ware. George Brooks.
War of 1812. — billin(;sport.
Capt .William Newton. John Smith.
Daniel S. Carter.
Nathan A. Carter, sexton, No. .33, North Fourth
Street.
EVERCiREEN C
Joseph Bontemps.
Alexander Nicholls.
Lewis Kenney.
Jonas T. Hull.
Wm. D. Richardson.
Albert Kemble.
Morris R. Giles.
Joseph S. Fletcher.
Joseph McAllister.
Charles M. Ferat.
John Schack.
Christian He.ss.
William A. Tat em.
George H. Snyder.
Joseph L. Coles.
E. T. Davis.
H. Dieckman.
Richard W. Parsons.
Alonzo D. Nichols.
.John Miles.
James H. Kerns.
1). R. Cowperthwaite.
(ieo. W. Roseman.
]•:. Miles.
William Malone.
Thomas R. Middleton
E. C. R. WoodrnlV.
James J. Snow.
EMETERY (cAMDE??).
John M. Ehillman.
Wm. H. Schwab.
F. G. S. Pfeiffer, M.D.
Captain James Snow.
William H. Sugden.
Heju-y K. Patton.
William P. Reeves.
1st Lt. Saml. J. Malone.
Capt. Frank M. Malone.
Col. W. B. Hatch.
Joseph A. Beck-
1st Lt. William M. Sh iw.
Joseph C. Huyck.
Joseph C. Vanneman,
(Surg. IT. S. N.)
Thomas James Howell.
William G. licake.
John Robertson.
IstLt. S. .\.Steinmctz.
Thomas R. McKenney.
Robert (i. Clark.
William B. BcMJamin.
K. C. Allen.
L. H. Marker.
William Hutchinson.
. Edward B. Brown.
Thomas Herbert.
Thomas Kellv.
THE WAR F(3R THE UNION.
Edgar Reeve.
John E. Stratton.
Samuel W. Mattson.
Hansell.
George R. Augell.
John Wallace.
Joshua F. Stone.
Colonel Martin Seldon.
John W. Bear.
William J. Paul.
Daniel Smith.
Alonzo W. Schuler.
Jacob H. (iilmore.
R. F. Sherman.
E. F. Locke.
C. B. Carter.
Andrew McCartney.
S. E. Somers.
J. W. Norton.
C. E. Githen.s.
James Carpenter.
William B.Shult.
Charles H. Billings.
Jeremiah Berry.
Capt. Henry Z. Gibson.
Chas. G. P.Goforth.
CEDAR (iRdVE fEME I'Eli Y ((i I.OHCESTER dTY).
Thomas Shaw.
Corp. Miles Blakely.
Ale.xander Work.
Peter Rancoru.
Fithian.
Ginn.
John JIarshall.
James A. Schotield.
Stephen A. Briggs.
John Lincoln.
Chas. H. Cordery.
John Herron.
Wm. Hutchinson.
Henry Simpkins.
Brig.-tJen. ,1. Willian
Thomas HoH'.
John Sands.
(Jabriel Surran.
.lames Kane.
.Tames McElmoyle.
Thomas B. Campbell.
John E. Miller.
Peter D. Hewlings.
.loseph Davis.
Howell R. Davis.
Joseph Bush.
James Sipplc.
Hiram Irvine.
Wm. N. Groves.
James Groves.
Robert Berryman.
Robert McAdoo.
Arthur Powell.
David Conklin.
Abram Martin.
James W. Moss.
Philip H. Smith.
Charles H. Hulings.
Wm. H. Wilson.
James A. Duddy.
Wm. H. Stout.
Wm. Tyas.
Samuel Hootcn.
Wm. Akens.
Ford.
John Gsborne.
Joseph Barton.
John Norton.
.John Pew.
Foster Stanford.
Fritz Speigle.
George W. Murray.
METHODIST CEMETERY (HADDONFIELD.)
John A. Fish. Franklin Hoops.
Davis Rumford. Win. Henry Nutt.
Richard Lippincott. Julin Bakely.
Augn.stus Bare. Wm. McCarty.
Lewis Rumford. Josiah Fish.
Isaac Arterburn. Isaac Cade.
BAPTIST CEMETERY (HAnDONFIELD.)
James Fortner. James Brick.
Lorenzo Jess. Wm. H. Hoey.
Samuel Wilson. Levi E. Bate.s.
Saml. Eggman. Charles Scott.
' In Revolutionary War; died 1806.
Ashbrook. .John W. Swinker.
Jacob Dill. Alfred Kcn'tner.
Silas Gartledge. Lawrence.
James Young.
UNION CEMETERY' (ul.OUCESTER CITY).
George Hoffman. Thomas Pancoast.
Chakley Cheeseman. John Jordan.
Thomas Cheeseman.
George Elmbark.
Wm. Russell.
ST. MARY'S CEMETERY (( AI'IH
Edward Russell.
Richard Wilson.
il.OUCESTER
Patrick Reilly.
.las. Cooney.
John O'Neill.
Daniel Kelly.
Michael McGrorey.
James McGrorey.
Wm. Lenny.
Patrick Boylan.
Edward Cole.
John Cloran.
Timothy Cloran.
Edward Burroughs.
Christopher Dolan.
Francis Queen.
John Berzell.
Thomas Guigan.
James White.
Patrick Waters.
Michael Hurley.
Constantine O'Neill.
William Leo.
James Daly.
Johnson's cemetery (stockton township).
Edward Tool.
Matthew Finuegan.
Wm. McElhone.
Nicholas Brady.
Henry AIcElhone.
Florence Sullivan.
Michael Corcoran.
Joseph Brady.
Thomas Ageu.
Christopher Winters.
I'.itrick McGuire.
Daniel Kenuey.
.Michael Callahan,
.lohn Kenney.
.lames McCanu.
James Byers.
Hugh Hines.
Thomas Sweeny.
John Reilly.
James BIcNally.
Michael Devlin.
Nathaniel Stout.
Thomas Ryan.
Josiah Pruitt.
Jacob Brisco.
David Whiting.
James H. Menoken.
Josiah Shipley.
Edward Shipley.
Henry Ramsey.
George S. Menoken.
Edward Barnard.
George H. Stewart,
.loseph Wells.
Amos W. Nash.
Theopliilus Peterson.
James Weeks.
John Ryan-
John Miller.
COLESTOWN CEMETERY (cAMDEN COUNTY).
Capt. Wm. C. Shinn. Abram Middlcton.
Abraham Browning.
Joseph Cline.
Joseph Errickson.
J. Stokes Evans.
Bowman Hendry.
James Henry.
Theodore W. Kain.
■Vrchibald Scott.
William Shaw.
Richard C. Schriner.
William H. Snyder,
.lob E. Stockton.
Stacy G. Stockton.
Samuel West.
Wm. Henry Lewallen. John J. White.
170
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COT'NTY. NEW JEESEY
The Graxp Army of the Republic. —
All honorably-discharged soldiers and sailors
who have served in the army or navy of the
United States are entitled to membership in
the Grand Army of the Repul)lic. In this
respeet it is the first organization of its kind
effected in this country or elsewhere. Soon
after the close of the Revolution, army socie-
ties were formed which were composed of
commissioned officers and their descendants.
The most prominent of these was the fam-
ous Society of the Cincinnati, which still has
an existence. Army and corps organizations
of the War of 1812 and of the Mexican War
have existed for social and convivial purposes?
but none of these societies named have been
ba.sed on the principle of mutual aid in time
of need, or comprehended purposes so exalted
as those eaibi'aced in the declaration of the
Grand Army of the Republic, namely, " Fra-
ternity, charity, loyalty." This society, whose
purpose is to band together the men who wore
the blue during the war, originated in the
We.st. To Colonel B. F. Stephenson, M.D.,
of Springfield, Illinois, is given the credit of
being the first person who formulated the
plans of its noble aims. The first post was
organized at Dakota, Illinois, in 18fi6. The
idea of extending the organization was com-
municated to many army associates. A State
Department Encampment was organized in
Illinois on the 12th of July, 1866, under
Colonel Stephenson. In the month of No-
vember of the same year a National Encamp-
ment was organized at Indianapolis, with
representatives present from nearly all the
Northern States. These encampments have
been held annually since then, in various lo-
calities of the Union. The State became di-
vided into districts, and the organization of
posts was exceedingly rapid. Six months
after the date of the formation of the society
fort}' thousand men through the Northern
States were enrolled as members. The first
department organization in the State of New
Jersey was effected in the month of Jarmary,
1868. The memljership of the order in this
State in 1884 was reported at five thousand
two hundred and seventy-nine. The entire
membership in the United States for the same
year was two hundred and thirty-three thou-
sand five hundred and ninety-five. Its mem-
bership is now estimated at three hundred
thousand, more than one-fourth of the sur-
vivors of the war.
Under the auspices of the order thousands
of camp-fires, fairs, reunions and banquets
have been held. These revive the sufferings
and sacrifices and recall the unwritten history
of the war. At these meetings no rank is
recognized, save that conferred by the order,
and any member is eligible to any position in
its gift.
The history of various posts now existing
in the city and county of Camden are here
given, according to the date organization.
Thomas M. K. Lee Post, No. o, of Cam-
den, was organized in January, 1876, in
Camden, with eighty-five charter-members.
The first officers of the post were as fol-
lows :
Post Cominaudor, Edmund May ; Senior Vice-
Commander, Samuel Hufty; Junior Vice-Comman-
der, George W. Gile ; Surgeon, James A. Arm-
strong, M.D. ; Chaplain, August H. Lung ; Officer
of the Day, Benjamin Carlin ; Offii-er of the Guard,
Robert B. McCovvau ; Quartermaster, Josepli C.
Nichols ; Adjutant, Alexander Nichols.
At the first meeting of the post it was
unanimously decided to honor a gallant soldier
of General Philip Kearny's Second Brigade,
by adopting the name of " Thomas M. K.
Lee Post." The following is a complete
roster of this po.st for 1886 :
Commander, David M. Spence; Senior Vice,
Benjamin C. Coles ; Junior Vice, William Thomp-
son ; Adjutant, J. Ivelly Brown ; Surgeon, William
P. Hall ; Officer of the Day, Samuel Hufty ; Otficer
otthe Guard, Joseph W Ore; Chaplain, Harry L.
Hartshorne; Quartermaster, William Whitely ;
Quartermaster-Sergeant, William H. Rightmire;
Sergeant-Major, William ChandUr.
( 'om rades.
John S. Adams. W. R. Anderson.
THE WAK FOR THE UNION.
L. Andrews.
John W. Ayres.
R. T. BarL'lay.
John Bamford.
George Barrett.
Thomas Bates, Sr.
Charles F. Bender.
William P. Besser.
James C. Blackuood.
Edward Blanck.
William Blanck, Sr.
George W. Blanck.
William Bovell.
Charles P. Beyer.
David B. Brown.
J. Kelly Brown.
W. M. Burns.
Ci. W. Burroughs.
Benjamin F. Carlin.
James Carrigan.
James E. Cai'son.
J. Caskey.
Charles B. Capewell.
William H. Chandler.
Jesse Chew.
William H. H. Clark.
John Clifford.
Joseph Cline.
John Coates, Sr.
John W. Coates,
Benjamin D. Coley.
Reuben D. Cole.
William H. Cooper.
Albert G. Crane.
Charles Cregar.
John Cromie.
And. J. Cunningham.
George R. Dannehower
George F. Deaves.
John Derry.
Albert C. Dildine.
John W. Donges.
George X. Dresser.
M. S. Ellis.
Thomas T. Estworthy.
Theodore F. Fields.
Samuel Flood.
Joseph B. Fox.
Henry B. Francis.
B. F. Gault.
George W. Gile.
W. E. Gilling.
William Gleason.
Thomas R. Grapevine.
W. S. Grigg.
.1(1.
William P. Hail.
Leonard S. Hart.
H. L. Hartshorn.
Thomas Harm an.
R. G. Hann.
J. Haynes.
Charles H. Helnd)^
A. S. Helms.
S. Henderson.
Richard N. Herring.
Robert M. Hilluian.
Charles A. Hotchkiss.
Thomas Hoy.
Samuel Hufty.
David W. J. Hutton.
David O. Hunter.
Mahlon F. Ivins.
Samuel Jackaway.
Stephen M. Janney.
Frank S. Jones.
Charles Kalt.
Benjamin L. Kellum.
Robert King.
William H. Kingley.
Edward D. Knight.
Frank L. Knight.
Joseph C. Lee.
Richard H. Lee.
David B. Litzeuberg.
George W. Loughlin.
William Madison.
Edward W. Madison.
David F. Matthews.
Edmund May.
William T. Mead.
Jonas Melloi.
Matthew Miller.
Michael Morgan.
Daniel B. Murphy.
Robert B. McCowan.
Andrew McCready.
John McMain.
John Noll.
John North, Jr.
Joseph W. Ore.
William M. Palmer.
Charles N. Pelouze.
John B. Peters.
William H. Righlmirt
Clarence L. Ross.
John D. Sargeant.
Conrad Schwoerer.
(ieorge W. Scott.
James M. Scovel.
John K. Seagreaves.
William Thompson.
Albert F. Tilton.
Baker D. Tomlin.
Zebulon T. Tompkins.
John L. Topham.
John Trimble.
John F. Tudor.
George Urban.
Theodore Verlander.
Charles H. Walker.
Samuel S. Weaver.
William H. Wheaton.
William Whitely.
Virgil Willett.
George E. Wilson.
George W. Wood.
William T. G. Young.
Charles G. Zimmerman.
Junius E. Severance.
William J. Sewell.
.Tames H. Shannon.
William H. Shearman.
Isaac W. Shinn.
Samuel E. Sheetz.
John C. Shute.
Charles Shivers, Jr.
William L. Skinner.
William H. Simpson.
William B. Smith.
David M. Spence.
.\rthur Stanley.
William H. Stan.sberg.
Charles Steeger.
William Stillings.
John J. Stone.
James M. Stradliug.
H. Genet Taylor.
Captain Thomas M. K. Lee, Jk., early
iu 1861, ideutified himself with the troops
who volunteered from the city of Camdeu.
He enlisted a.s a private in (,^ompauy F,
Fourth Regiment New Jersey Volunteer
Militia ; was promoted sergeant and served
with the regiment until disharged at expir-
ation of term of service, July 31, 1861. He
enlisted August 9, 1861, in Company 1,
Sixth Regiment New Jersey Volunteer In-
fantry, for three years. September 9, 1861,
he was commissioned first lieutenaut of the
company; and, on January 16, 186;J, was
commissioned as captain of C'ompany K of
his regiment. He commanded the regiment
from Spottsylvania Court-Hou.se, Va., to
North Anna River ; was detailed judge-ad-
vocate on the staiFof Brigadier-General i\lc-
Allister, commanding Third Brigade, Third
Division, Second Array Coi-ps, and as the
same under Major-General Gershom Mott.
He was mustered out with his regiment Sep-
tember 7, 1864.
With his regiment he participated in the
following battles :
Siege of Yorktown, \'a., April and May, 18(12;
Williamsburg, Va., May 5,1862; Fair Oaks, June
1 and 2, 1862; Seven Pines, Va., June 25,1862;
Savage Station. Va., June 29, 1862 ; Malvern Hill,
Va., July 1,1862; Brislow Station, Va., August
172
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COINTY', NEW JERSEY.
27, 18i;2 ; Second Bull Run, August29, 1862; CLan-
tilly, Va., September 1, 1862; Centreville, Va.,
September 2, 1862 ; Fredericksburg, Va., Decem-
ber 13 and 14, 1862; Chancellorsville, Va., May 3
and4, 1862; Gettysburg, Pa., July 2 and 3, 1863;
Wappiiig Heights, Va., October 15 1863 ; Mine
Run, Xa., November 29 and 30, 1863 ; Wilderness,
Va., May 5 to 7, 1864; Spottsylvania, Va., May 8
to 11, 1864; Spottsylvania Uourt-House, Va., May
12 to IS, 1864 ; North Anna River, Va., May 23 to
24, 1864; Tolopotomy Creek, Va., May 30, 1864 ;
Cold Harbor, Va., June 1 to 5, 1864 ; Petersburg,
Va., June 16 to 23, 1864 ; Deep Bottom, Va., July
25 to 27, 1864; Mine Explosion, Va., July 30, 1864 ;
North Bank James River, Va., August 14 to IK,
18(i4; Ream's Station, Va., August 25, 1864 ; wu.s
wounded in the head at battle of Chancellorsville ;
was wounded in face and neck at battle of Spott-
sylvania.
He returnerl to Cauulen after the war ami
wa.s elected, in 1865, as couuty clerk, and
held the position for five years. He died
December 10, 1873, aged thirty-seven years,
and wa.s buried in Evergreen Cemetery. A
wife and one child survive him.
WiLi-iAM B. Hatch Post, No. 37, of
(-amden, was instituted and chartered No-
veod)er 25, 1879, with eighty-one members
and the following named Post officers :
Post Commander, John R. Grubb; Senior Vice-
Commander, Richard J. Robertson ; Junior Vii'c-
Commander, Daniel J. Fullen ; Surgeon, Thomas
G. Rowand, M.D. ; Chaplain, John Quick ; Officer
of the Day, John A. Dall ; Officer of the Guard,
Edmund G. Jackson, Jr.; Quartermaster, Chris. J.
Mines, ,)r. ; .Xdjiitant, Benjamin J. Pierce; Ser-
geant-Major, William A. Tattern ; Quartermaster-
Sergeant, William B. E. Miller.
At the first meeting of the Post it was de-
citled by a unanimous vote to name it in
honor of the late Colonel William B. Hatch,
oi' the Fourth Regiment. When Mrs. C.
Hatch, the mother of the colonel, was in-
formed that the post had honored the memory
of her sijn by naming it after him, she sent
to the Post the following respon.se :
"Camdrn, N. J., November 26th, 1879.
" .loUN R. Grubb, Post Commander.
" De.\r Sir,— It will aflbrd me much
pleasure to be identified with Post 37, G. A. R.,
named in honor of my sou, William B. Hatch, by
allowing me to present to the same its colors. The
memory of my son is ever dear to nie, and, while
at the same moment I may have thought the sac-
rifice too great an affliction, yet I was consoled
by the fiict that I gave him up that this Union
might be jireserved. It was duty and patriotism
that called him, and while I mourn him as a mother
for a well-beloved son, yet I would not have stayed
him, for the love of country and the upholding of
this glorious Republic is what every mother should
instil into her sons, as the purest and holiest spirit.
Yours truly,
"C. Hatch."
^riie following is a complete roster for the
year 1 886 :
Post Commander, Benjamin H. Connelly ; Senior
Vice-Commander, Adam C. Smith ; Junior Vice-
Commander, William Haegele ; Surgeon, George
Pfau ; Chaplain, Samuel Gaul ; Otficer of the Day,
Robert Crawford ; Officer of the Guard, John D.
Cooper ; Quartermaster, Samuel J. Fenner ; Ad-
jutant, William B. Summers; Sergeanl-Major,
Stacy H. Bassett; Quartermaster-Sergeant, Otto
K. Lockhart.
Comrades.
Philip Achenbach. J. Q. Burniston.
George L. Allchin. George Burton;
Isaac Albertson. Frederick Buser.
Joseph Applegate. Thomas L. Bush.
John W. Barclay. William Butcher.
Martin M. Barney. Isaac B. Buzby.
Joseph Baxter. Edward C. Cattell.
William W. Bennett. Joseph Cameron.
Charles L. Bennett. James H. Carey.
Abel Biddle. William Carey.
George K. Biddle. James Chadwick.
Henry Bickeriug. James Chafey.
John Bieri. George M. Chester.
Robert M. Bingham. James D. Chester.
Socrates T. Bittle. Lewis L. Chew.
George W. Bittle. Henry S. Chew.
Benjamin F. Blizzard. John W. Chniri.
Joseph Borton. Andrew B. Cline.
Frederick Bowers. Charles Clarke
Benjamin M. Brakcr. Samuel J. Cook.
John Breyer. Levi R. Cole.
William H. Brians. John J. Collins.
Wm. J. Broadwater. John C. Cooper.
William Broadwater. John W. Cotner.
.lohn Brown. Thomas L. Conly.
Harris Brooks. Harvey M. Cox.
William H. Brooks. Jason S. Cox.
Joseph F. Bryan. Harris Crane.
Joseph Buddew. Charles Cress.
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
173
Joel G. C'ros^i.
O. 0. Cunninghiuii.
John A. Dall.
John Dalby-
John H. Damon.
Westley Dare.
John E. Dawson.
Adam T. Dawson.
Jame.s L. Davis.
William Davis.
Amos R. Dease.
Henry Deford.
Lewis F. Derouase.
Michael Devinney.
Glendora Devo.
John Digney.
Joseph Dilks.
William A. Dobbins.
George W. Dunlaji.
Christopher Ebele.
Godfrey Eisenhart.
John Elberson.
Charles Elwell.
Charles Eminecker.
John Esler.
John H. Evans.
John J. Early.
Aaron B. Eacritt.
Charles S. Fackler.
James Fanington.
James A. Farraday.
John H. Farry.
John Faughey.
Wm. H. Feulin.
George G. Felton.
George W. Ferguson.
Charles W. Fish.
Israel L. Fish.
James Finnan.
Samuel B. Fisher.
Edward L. Fisher.
Ephraim B. Fithian.
Jacob T. Fisher.
Edward Fitzer.
Samuel Flock.
Leonard Flor.
John Fox.
John S. Fo.x.
H. H. Franks.
Chas. B. Frazer.
Thomas J. Francis.
Samuel W. Gahan.
Chas. H. Gale.
James Galbraith.
Thomas Garman.
Harry ( iarrcn.
John W. Garwood.
Josiah Garrison.
John B. Gaskill.
Richard Gaunt.
Wm. German.
Christopher Getsinger.
Christopher Git'ney.
Jacob Girtens.
Albert Gilbert.
James Gillen.
Wm. Gifflns.
C. C. Greany.
Charles Green.
W. H. Griffin.
Louis (irosskops.
William Grindnid.
John R. Grubb.
Mark H. Guest.
John Guice.
Alfred Haines.
Charles (x. Haines.
Japhet Haines.
George F. Hamnioiul.
Charles Hall.
Solon R. Hankinson.
Samuel P. Hankinson.
James Hanson.
Charles Hannans.
H. A. Hartranft.
Mahlon Harden.
William F. Harper.
George W. Haytcr.
Samuel B. Harbeson.
J. T. Hazletun.
H. Heinman.
James Henderson.
William H. Heward.
Franklin Hewitt,
.lames T. Hemniingway.
Charles Hewitt.
Edward K. Hess.
Samuel B. Hickman.
George Higgens.
Ephraim Hillman.
C. M. Hoagland.
Gaudaloupe Holl.
William A. Holland.
Isaac K. Horner.
Count D. G. Hogan.
William H. Howard.
Baxter Howe.
Allen Hubbs.
Charles G. Hunsiuger.
Presmel D. Hughes.
1. N. Hugg.
Sebastian Hummel I.
Edward Hutchinson.
C. Innes.
Alfred Ivins.
Benjamin Ivins.
E. G. Jackson, Sr.
E. G. Jack.son, Jr.
Thomas Jameson.
George Jauss.
William P. Jenkins.
James L. Johnson.
Alfred Jones.
B. F. Jones.
William Joline.
Charles Joseph.
Charles Justice.
C. H. Kaiu.
R. R. Kates.
Benjamin Kebler.
Frank Kebler.
Peter Keen.
Henry N. Killian.
.1. W. Kinsey.
C. H. Knowlton.
Thomas W. Krips.
Joseph H. Large.
John R. Leake.
John Lecroy.
Charles Leonhardt.
Gefirge W. Locke.
R. J. Long.
Charles L. Lukens.
J. H. Lupton.
Valentine Machemer.
Edward Macloskey.
Edward A. Martin.
William P. Marsh.
John Mapcs.
William Mead.
William Metealf
E. A. Meyer.
C. Meyers.
George Meilor.
C. A. Michener.
William B. E. Miller.
Jacob Miller.
W. D.Miller.
Samuel Mills.
William W. Mines.
Christopher J. Mines.
George Molesbury.
William Moran.
Edward More.
Richard Morgan.
Jolm F. Moore.
S. II. Moyer.
Jacob L. Morton.
John Muir.
John J. Murphy.
Isaac Murray.
Charles Myers.
W. H. McAllister.
James McCracken.
Edward C. McDowell.
Hugh McGrogan.
H. M. Mcllvaine.
W.F.McKillip.
W.J. McNeir.
Lewis McPhersoM.
R. McPherson.
Jacob Naglee.
William Kaphas.
Antonio Nosardi.
Robert O'Keefe.
John S. Owens.
Robert Owens.
Edward H. Pancoast.
James Pancoast.
Robert B. Patterson.
William Patterson.
E. W. Pease.
John B. Pepper.
Joel Perrine.
John Peterson.
D. E. Peugh.
Frederick Phile.
Sanuiel B.Pine.
William M. Pine.
Adon Powell.
John Powell.
John Portz.
J. B. Prucelle.
John Quick.
S. E. Radclifie.
I. C. Randolph.
James A. Regens.
Philip Reilly.
Charles P. Reynolds.
Alexander Rhodes.
Benjamin F. Richard.
Andrew Ridgway.
Benjamin Robbins.
Edward C. Roberts.
James Roberts.
Richard J. Robertson.
William B. Robertson.
Isaac Rogers.
John Rogers.
William H. Rogers.
174
HISTORY OF (JAMUEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY
Thomas G. Rowand.
Sebastian Schaub.
Maurice Schmidt.
Christian K. Schallers.
James Schofield.
George W. Scott.
John R. Scott.
John M.Sheraelia.
Edward M. Siemers.
John Simmons.
Benjamin F. Shinn.
Thomas Sheeran.
James Shiekl.
Charles Smith.
George H. Smith.
William W. Smith.
Charles S. Small.
Adolph Snow.
W. Souder.
Francis Souders.
Robert Sjiarks.
David C. Sprowl.
Alfred L. Sparks.
Abraham Springer.
George W. Ste\Yart.
William L.Stevenson.
Thomas G. Stephenson.
Samuel R. Stockton.
Thomas Stockton.
Henry Strick.
E. J. Strickland.
Thomas H. Stone.
Charles Siring.
George F. Stull.
George W. Swaney.
Crosby Sweeten
William A. Tatem.
William F. Tarr.
Thomas S. Tanier.
G. R. Tenner.
Charles L. Test.
Leonard Thomas.
Benjamin Thomas-
Henry C. Thomas.
The Po.st meets every Thursday evening
in their own G. A. R. Hall, on Stevens
Street, below Fifth Street.
Colonel Willia,vi B. Hatch was the
son of the late William B. Hatcli, of Cam-
den. As a youth he developed a fondness
for military life. After his father's death
he visited Europe, and spent several months
in observation of the military systems of the
George F. Thorne.
Wesley Thorn.
Thomas W. Thornely.
Alexander W. Titus.
Joseph Tompkins.
J. E. Troth.
Isaac C Toone.
Samuel Tyler.
Jacob M. Van Nest.
Albert Vansciver.
Joseph Wakeman.
Theodore F. Walker.
Liharles Walton.
George Walton.
Joseph Welsh.
David Watson.
George W. Wentling.
Edward West.
Elmer M. West.
George Weyraan.
Wilmer Whillden.
James Whittaker.
Samuel Wickward.
Amos P. Wilson.
G. A. Wilson.
Richard Wilson.
D. H. Wilson.
Calvin T. Williams.
George W. Williams.
William H. Williams.
John Williams.
Samuel Winner,
(leorge Wispert.
John W. Wood.
Joseph Woodfield.
Walter Wolfkill.
E. W. Wolvertoii.
Elijah Worthington.
C. M. Wright.
George B. Wright.
Henry S. Wright.
Wesley T. Wright.
William Zane.
Continent. Upon the breaking out of the late
war he was appointed adjutant of the Fourth
Regiment New Jersey Militia, under Colonel
Miller, and served with that regiment in
the three months' service. Upon the organ-
ization of the Fourth New Jersey Volunteer
Regiment for the three years' service he was
offered and accepted the commission of major
of the regiment, and very soon after was
commissioned lieutenant-colonel. With the
Fourth Regiment he .served under Generals
Kearny and Taylor, and as a part of General
Franklin's division, Sedgewick's Sixth Army
Corps. He took an active part in the Peninsula
campaign under General j\[cCiellan. At the
battle of Gaines' Mills tlie Fourth Regiment
fought bravely for hours, but were finally
surrounded and captured by the enemy, with
his fellow-officers and companions. Colonel
Hatch was carried a prisoner to Richmond,
where for many weeks he sustained the
horrors of the rebel pri.son. After being
exchanged he rejoined his regiment, and soon
after was (commissioned its colonel. His
commissions date as follows : Major of the
Fourth Regiment New Jersey Volunteers,
Augu.st 17, 1861 ; lieutenant-colonel, Sep-
tember 7, 18(31 ; and colonel, August 28,
18(52. He participated with his regiment in
the following engagements :
West Point, Va., May 7, '62 ; Gaines' Mill, Va.,
June 27, '62; Manassas, N'a., AugiLst 27, '62;
Chantilly, Va., September 1,"62; Cram pton's Pass,
Md., September 14, '62 ; Antietam, Md., Septem-
ber 17, '62 ; Fredericksburg, Va., December 13, '62.
In this last battle he fell mortally wounded
at the head of his regiment, while leading
them to the attack upon the enemy's works.
He was conveyed to the field hospital near
Falmouth, Va., where his leg was ampu-
tated. He tiled two days later, on December
15, 1862, and his remains were returned to
Camden- and interred in the cemetery. To
such au extent had he gained the love and
appreciation of his command that they
collected iu the field six hundred dollars, and
THE WAR FOR THE UNION.
175
])urohasecl and presented to liim a heautitul
dapple gray horse called the " Grey Warrior,"
which afterwards became the property of
General A. T. A. Torbert. This famou.s
horse died at General Torbert's lionie in
Delaware in 1882.
The Loyal Ladies' League.— Hatch
League, No. 2, L. L. L., auxiliary to Wil-
liam B. Hatch Post, No. .37, Grand Army of
the Republic, was instituted in Camden in
January, 1873, with forty-two chart(M- mem-
bers. The object of the association is to
unite in fraternal bonds the families of
honorably discharged soldiers and sailors
who served during the ('ivil War, to aid the
Post in whatever way assi.stance may be
needed, and to aid in keeping sacred the
solemnities of Decoration Day.
In the interest of William B. Hatch Post
the League has instituted and held three fairs,
five bean suppers, one Japanese tea party, two
dairy-maid festivals, twelve sociables and
two fruit festivals. The proceeds of these
entertainments, amounting to three thousand
five hundred and twenty-nine dollars, were
]iaid over to the Post by the finance com-
mitttee of the League. In addition to this,
the League has presented the Post with a
large and valuable collection of relics from
the battle-field of Gettysburg, and has
assisted in purchasing and furnishing the
Post hall, on Stevens Street, below Fifth.
The following is a complete roster of the
League at this date (1886) :
President, Emma L. Devinney ; S. V., Emeline
Howe; J. v., Mary A. Stockton; secretary, Mattie
H. CTarrison ; treasurer, Mary A. Guest; chaplain,
Harriet (i. Williams ; Conductress, Emma Rohr-
niiin ; Guard, Mary Ehvell.
Memhers.
Ida L. Acheiibach. Lizzie Butcher.
Loui.sa Allen. Mary .lane Cooper.
Theresa Anderson. Elizabeth Cope.
Kate Baker. Mary E.Corcoran.
Fannie Bennett. Cornelia Co.\.
Ellen Biddle. Emma Dease.
Rebecca Bovell. Rebecca Eldridge.
Amanda Butcher. Marv A. Elwell.
Mary Fenton.
Susan Franks.
Mattie B. Garrison.
Emma Gaskill.
Ellen Gleason.
Laura McNeir.
Elizabeth McLaughlin.
Imogene Meyers.
Ada Miller.
Rav Milliette.
Dilwinna Greenwood Mary E. MofBt.
AunaE. Grubb. Rebecca Nelson.
Mary Guest. Mary Parsons.
Anuie M. Hagele. Mary Pine.
Mary E. Hankinson. Elizabeth Portz.
Sallie X. Hankinson. Anna M. Quick.
Mary V. Hewitt. Ruth Ross.
Kate Holt. Emma Rei^ens.
Henrietta Holland. Hannah Robinson.
Hannah Horner. Lydia Roray.
Emeline C. Howe. Rachel Sinkinson.
Sallie D. Hugg. Annie Smick.
Emma Ivins. .Teunie Smith.
Hannah G. Ivins. Maria F.Smith.
Elizabeth .lobes. Amanda Stratton.
Catherine .Johnson. Fannie Strickland.
Priscilla .Tohuson. Minnie T. Summers.
Annie E. Johnson. Amanda Thomas.
Emily Kinsey. Ketnrah Tenner.
Nellie Lane. Hannah Vanhart.
.\nnie Lang. Sarah A. Wakinuiri.
Arietta Lewis. Anna E. Walker.
Mary E. Lupton. Ellen Walton.
Amanda Mason.
Department Otficers : Mrs. Anna E. Grubb, depart-
ment president; Mrs. Laura McNeir, department
secretary.
Past Presidents: Mrs. Sarah D. Hugg, Mrs.
Mattie B. Garrison.
The League meets every Tuesdav evening
in (irand Army Hall, Stevens Street, below
Fifth Street.
William P. Roheson Po.st, No. 51, of
Gamden (the first post in New Jersey com-
posed of colored soldiers), was instituted and
organized June 28, 1881, with twenty-five
charter members.
The following is a complete roster of the
Post at this date (1886) : Past Commanders,
W. S. Darr and W. A. Drake ; Post Com-
mander, Miles Bishop ; Senior Vice, Chas.
Jones ; Junior Vice, Ezekiel Jones ; Surgeon,
George Lodine; Chaplain, August Westcott ;
Adjutant, Charles Accoo ; C)fficerof the Day,
Anthony Austin ; Officer of the Guard, George
Bishop ; Quartermaster, John C. Richard-
•176
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
son ; Quartermaster-Sergeant, Joseph Rice ;
Sergeant-Major, George H. Watson. The
other members are Jas. Wiltbanks, Nathaniel
Ingram, Wm. Ingram, Wm. INI. Butts, Wm.
Smith, Hezekiah Wreneh, Benj. Stewart,
Elijah Hammitt, Chas. Barnes, Shepiierd
Pitts, C'has. AVoolford, Elijah l^ipiiiger,
Thomas Ryan, George F. Johnson, Charles
Ford.
The Post meets in Lee's Hall, corner of
Broadway and Atlantic Avenue.
Generai, Wieijam p. Robeson, Jr.,
enlisted early in 1861, and was enrolled with
the first brigade of three years' troops which
left the State of New Jersey. On May 28,
1861, he was commissioned first lieutenant
of Company K., Third Regiment, New Jersey
Volunteers, General Kearny's First Brigade.
He was promoted to captain of the same
company August 13, 186"2. Wiiile with the
Third Regiment he participated in the fol-
lowing engagements :
First Bull Run, Va., July 21, 18(>1 ; Muiison's
Hill, Va., August 31, 1801 ; West Point, Va., May
.7, 1862 ; Gaines' Farm, Va., June 27, 1862 ; Charles
City Cross-Roads, Va., June 30, 18(i2 ; Malvern
Hill, Va., July 1, 1862; Manassas, Va., August
27, 1862; Chantilly, Va., September 1, 1862;
Crampton's Hill, Md., 8e|)teniber 14, 1862; Anlie-
tam, Md., .September 17, 1862 ; Fredericksburg,
Va., December 13 and 14, 1862 ; Second Fred-
ericksburg, Va., May 3, 1863 ; Salem Heights, Va.,
May 3 and 4, 1863 ; Gettysburg, Pa., July 2 and 3,
1863 ; Fairfield, Pa., July 5, 1863 ; Witliamspdrt,
Md., July 6, 1863 ; Fuuktown, Md., July 12, 1863 ;
Rapi>ahannock Station, Va., October 12, 1863;
Rappahannock Station, Va., November 7, 1863 ;
Mine Run, Va., November 30, 1863.
After the last-named battle he was pro-
moted and corami.ssioned as niajor n{' I lie
Third New Jersey Cavalry, on nccenil)er ■_*8,
1863. He was promoted to lieuteuanl-
colonel of the regiment September 23, 18(il,
and as colonel August 4, 1865, and received
a eommi.ssion as brevet brigadier-general,
dating back to April I, 1865, for gallant and
meritorious .services in the battles of Five
Forks and South Side Ilailroad, Va. He re-
turned to his home in Camden after the war,
and became a member of William B. Hatch
Post, No. 37, G. A. R. He died August 18,
1881, and was buried at Belvidere, New
Jersey.
John Wili.ian Post, No. 71, of Glou-
cester, was chartered November 8, 1882, with
the following-named comrades :
Charles F. Lindsay. Samuel English.
William Butler. Aden W. Powell.
Thomas Black. James JI. Chapman.
Richard R. Allen. John Harri.sou.
J(din E. Jlillcr. William M. Lanagan.
Frederick Tyas. Benj, F. Upham.
.John Kochersperger. Lewis H. Riley.
John Lincoln. Wm. (!, Hawkins.
Klwood Fisher. .lohn Dayton.
Walter W. Larkins. Stewart Harkins.
William .\. (kahili. John M. Rapp.
William Green. Joseph Cheeseman.
Archibald Wallace. .lames Stitson.
John O. Hines. Franklin Adams.
The officers were, — Commander, Wm.
Lanagan ; S. V. C, Stewart Hawkins ; J.
V. C, John Harrison ; Adjutant, John O.
Hines, Surgeon, R. R. Allen ; Chaplain,
Elvvood Fi.sher ; Q.-M., John Kocher-
sperger ; O. of D., James. M. Chapman ;
O. of G., Lewis H. Riley; Q.-M.-S., B. F.
Upham. The Past ( "ommandcrs have been
Wm. N. Lanagan, Wm. C. Hawkins,
Archibald Wallace, Walter W. Ijarkin and
the corps of officers for 188(i : C., K. R. Al-
len ; S. V. C., Frederick Tyas ; J. V. C.,
Merrick C^ai-r ; A., Charles M. McCracken ;
Q.-M., B. F. Upham; Chaplain, Samuel
Barwis ; Surgeon, Wm. C. Hawkins; O. of
I)., Lewis H. Riley. This Post has twenty-
two members. It was named after Brevet-
General .lolm W'illian, who enlisted as
seeiiiid liculenant in the Sixtii New Jersey
Volnntcers in l.S(;i,and was [)ri>motc(l for
meritorious .service.
\'an Leer Post, No. 3(i, of (Jlouces-
ter, was organized November 13, 1880, by
Department Commander Samuel Hufly.
The original officers were: P. C., John P.
Booth ;' S. V. C, John W. \\rigiit ; J. V.
THE WAR FOE TflE UNION.
C, Frank W. Pike ; O. of D., Akxaiidur
Hai-vf'v ; Q. M., William C. Hawkins ;
Adjt., Benjamin Sands; O. of G., John
McCormick. Tiie Past Commanders have
been Joim P. Booth, John W. Wrigiit,
Alexander Harvey, I^awrence Niitt, John
Graham, William Miller. The officers for
1886 are: C, Charles H. Barnard ; S. V.
C, James Cooney ; J. V. C, James McCaf-
ferty ; Adjt., Benjamin Sands; C^. M., Wm.
Miller; (). of IX, William Gideon ; U. ofG.,
Alexander Fergasoii ; Chaplain, John Berg-
man ; Snrgeou, Christopher Ottinger.
The Post was named after Colonel Joim
P. Van Leer, who was first lieutenant of a
company of three months' men, enrolled in
Gloucester three days after Fort Sumter was
fired- on, and on returning he was made ma-
jor of the Sixth Regiment of the three years'
men, promoted lieutenant-colonel, and his
commission as colonel was on its way to him
when he was killed at Williamsburg. Geo.
E. Wilson, of Camden, is an honorary mem-
ber of this Po.st. He was captain in the com-
pany with John P. Van I^eer, and was, like
his comrade, consj)icuons for his bravery.
Quite a number of the comrades of Van
Leer Post rose from the ranks to positions of
trust.
Thomas H. Davis Post, No. 53, of
Haddonfield, received a charter July 16,
1882, and was organized a few days later,
with twenty members, at Clement Hall, in
tiiat township. In the summer of 1884 the
Post purchased the Hillman School building
on Chestnut Street, and fitted it for a hall,
and in November of that year occupied it as
their place of meeting.
The officers at organization were, —
p. C, Henry D. Moore ; S. V. C, Richard E.
Elwell; J. V. C, Henry McConnell ; Adjutunt,
William F. Milliman ; (iiiartermsister, Walter
Wayne ; Officer of Day, Peter K. Eldridge; Officer
of Guard, J. Collins Baker ; Surgeon, James P.
Young; Chaplain, R. W. Budd.
The Post Commanders who have served to
•J3
the present time have been H.D. Moore, R. E.
p]lwell and .lames M. Latimer. The mem-
bership is about fifty, and the present officers
are, —
P. C, W. H. Oakley ; S. V. C. R. Wilkin.s Budd ;
J. V. C, J. O. Lee; Adjutant, R. E. Elwell ; tiuarler-
uiaster, (tilbert L. Day; Officer of Day, Richard
Plum; Officer of Guard, Patrick Plaughey ; Chap-
lain, Samuel A. Bates; Surgeon, .Joseph P. Busha;
(iuariermaster-Sergeant, Alired Anderson.
The biography and [)cirirail of ('oloncl
Thomas H. Davis, after whom this Post was
named, will be found in the history of the
\\'ar titr the Union.
Coiiiradt
Jacob Asay.
Miles Bates.
Robert Bales,
.r. C. Baker.
George H. Backley.
.T. G. Bowker.
John William Boyd.
Josejdi Buzljy.
Richard Baxter.
Rest<jrc Crispin.
H. C. Cuthbert.
William Cobb.
Henry Day.
John Dowdrick.
William H. Fowler.
Josiah Fowler.
Hiram Fish.
.Jacob Gehring.
George Harley.
J. K. Haines.
Alfred Hall.
Thomas Caldwell.
William R. Jones.
James M. Latimer.
Henry D. Moore.
Jacob R. Jliller.
Davis Marshall.
Thoiiuis McManns.
Edward F. Magill.
G. Norton.
(JeorgeM. Newkirk.
Isaiah Kellum.
Joel S. Perkins.
William Pittiuger.
W'illiam F. Millinum.
•lohn B. Rumt'ord.
Lewis Ivistine.
Julius Smith.
Charles H. Smith.
J. R. Stevenson.
George Sloan.
0. B. Tiffimy.
Walter Wayne.
William Wagner.
David D. Winner.
The Sons of Veterans is a .society com-
posed of descendants of soldiers of the late
war. C^amp No. 1, Sons of Veterans, of
Camden, was organized with nineteen mem-
bers, December 21, 1881, by Comrade Rob-
ert Crawford, first colonel of the New Jersey
Division. The object of the association is
to keep ever fresh and green the memory of
their fathers' sacrifice in the battles of the
Civil War.
The following is a complete roster of the
officers and members at this date (1886) :
178
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Captain, Stacy Nevins ; First Lieutenant,
Samuel Galiaii ; Second Lieutenant, E. E. Kiger ;
Quartermaster, L. S. Jackson ; Ctiaplain, Albert
Wolf; Orderly-Sergeant, Wui. Latt'erty ; Color-
Sergeant, George Nevins ; Sergeant of Guard, A.
R. Dease ; Corporal of Guard, F. Fernandes ;
Camp Guard, Harry Siberlist.
Members.
William D. Brown. E. E. Jefferics.
E. H. Bates. C. W. Jones.
John C. Cooper. C. R. McAdams,
Howard Cooper. James Myers.
Robert Crawford. A. PJiel.
Frederick Fenner. (xeorge Reigens.
H. Horton. Wm. Sheridan.
Cliarles Walton, Jr.
The Camp hold their meetings in G. A.
K. Hall of Colonel William B. Hatch Post.
Sixth Rkgiment, National Guards. —
In 1869 there were but two military com-
panies connected with the State militia, one
in the city of Camden and one in Burlington.
By an act of the Legislature, approved in
March, 1869, the old militia system of the
State was abolished and a new law passeil
organizing the National Guard. By an or-
der from headquarters the two companies
mentioned were constituted the Fifth Battal-
ion of the Third Brigaile of the National
Guard of the State of New Jersey, and E. (}.
Jackson was commissioned as major and as-
sumed command of the battalion. In 1870
three additional companies were immediately
formed and added to the ortrauizatiou, thus
constituting it a full battalion, and the fol-
lowing staff officers were appointed : Adju-
tant, Solon R. Haidxinson ; Paymaster, Wil-
liam B. Sexton ; (:iuarterniaster, Jacob Hill ;
Surgeon, H. Genet Taylor, M.D. ; Assistant-
Surgeon, J. Orlando White, M.D. ; and Chap-
lain, Rev. William H. Jefferys. Adjutant
Ilankinson resigned, and in January, 1870,
Daniel B. Murphy was connuissioncd first
lieutenant and adjutant of the battalion.
In August, 1870, another company was
organized at Atlantic City and added to the
battalion, thus creating a necessity for a reg-
imental organization, and, accordingly, the
Sixth Regiment was organized, and Colonel
James M. Scovel, Lieutenant-Colonel Wil-
liam H. Hemsing and Major Richard H. Lee
were elected field officers. The command-
ants of the regiment have been Colonel Wil-
liam J. Sewell, elected 1873, and Colonel E.
Burd Grubb, 1877. The field officers elected
in 1882 were: Colonel, William H. Cooper;
Lieutenant-Colonel, J. C. Lee ; and Major,
G. W. Smith. The regiment was called out
in August, 1877, to suppress the labor riots
at Phillip.sburg, N. J., and continued on duty
seventeen days. Company K, of Vineland,
became a part of this regiment March 14,
187(5, and Company E, of Woodbury, March
•22, 1880.
The headquarters of the regiujcnt is the
Sixth Regiment jVrmory, corner of West
Street and Mickle, formerly the opera-house
of Camden, which was bought by the regi-
ment June 9, 1883, and for which they paid
thirty-five thousand dollars. All of the
apartments of the armory arc complete, neat-
ly arranged and handsomely furnished. The
field and start" officers a])pointed when the
regiment was first formeil, in 1.S70, were as
follows :
Field Officers. — Colonel, James M. Scovel ; Lieu-
tenant-Colonel, William H. Hemsing ; Major,
Richard H. Lee.
Staff Officers. — .\djutant, Daniel B. Murphy ;
Quartermaster, William M. P.dmer; Paymaster,
William B. Sexton ; Surgeon, H. Genet Taylor,
M.D.; Assistant Surgeon, J. (Jrlando White, M.D.;
Chaplain, Rev. William H. Jefferys.
The field and start' orticers for 188(j are, —
Ficlil Officers. — Colonel, William H. Cooper ;
Lieutenant-Colonel, George W. Smith ; Major, Wil-
liam H. Stansbury.
(S'/(f//' Officers. — Adjutant, George S. Counter ;
Quartermaster, (Jeorge G. Felton ; Paymaster, Na-
than Haines ; Surgeon, E. L. B. Godfrey, M.D.;
Assistant Surgeon, George T. Robinson, M.D.;
Chai>lain, Clarence A. Adams ; Judge Advocate,
Franklin C. Woolman ; Rifle-Practice Inspector,
De Lancey G. Walker.
The line ollicers of the three comj)anies of
Camden are, —
THE ERECTION OF CAMDEN COUNTY.
179
Cnmpany B. — Captain, Robert M. Hillmaii ;
First Lieutenant, Jesse H.Carey; Second Lieu-
tenant, William P. Mockett.
Company C.~Qa.\ita.m,\\. B. E. Miller; First
Lieutenant, Charles C. Walz ; Second Lieuten-
ant, John Miller.
Company D. — Captain, Charles S. Barnard ; First
Lieutenant, George C. Randall ; Second Lieuten-
ant, Charles H. Turner.
CiATLiNG Gttn CoMrANY B, of Caniden,
wa.sorganizetl in LSTS under tlie now law pro-
viding!; for the organization of two (;onij)anips
of infantry to be drilled in the use of Gatling
guns. C-aptain E. D. French was the prime
mover in its organization and the first com-
mandant. The membership was recruited
principally from old Battery B. The artil-
lery uniform was worn, and in addition to
the Gatlings, the comjiany was ai-med with
rifles and sabres.
John H. Piatt was elected first lieutenant
on .Inlv 24, 1879, and tiie first conspicuous
public^ display made by the new company
was at Grant's rece|)tion in Philadel])hia,
December IG, 1879. In 1880 the com])any
])artici])ated in the State G. A. R. encamj)-
ment at Bonaparte Park, Bordentown, and
took a prominent part in the sham battle with
their Gatling guns. Captain French resigned
on Ai)ril 17, 1880, and Mr. Piatt was elected
captain and John J. Brown first lieutenant,
Cieorgo G. Randall having been elected sec-
ond lieutenant on January 18th. Mr. Ran-
dall resigned in June, 188], and Charles
Siiivers, Jr., was elected to his position Oc-
tober i;3th. Two weeks after this the com-
])auy turned out in the Bi-Ceutenuial mili-
tary ]>arade with its Gatlings.
This command is attached to the Second
Brigade under General William J. Scwell as
the brigade commander. In September,
1883, Lieutenant Brown resigned and on
October l.st. Captain Piatt and Ijieutenant
Shivers also resigned. Lieutenant-Colonel
D. B. Murphy was placed in command until
December 28, 1883, when its present efficient
commandant. Captain Robert R. Kckeudorf,
was elected. The company was then recruit-
ed up to the legal standard.
Gattliug Gun Company J> o<'cnpies quar-
ters in the new armory adjoining the G'un-
den Battalion.
The following are its officers and mem-
bers: Captain, R. R. Eckcndorf; Fii-st
I.iieutenant, John R. Jones ; SecHjnd Lieu-
tenant, G. Walter Garton ; First Sergeant,
Owen B. Jones; Se(^o.nd Sergeant, James
Duffy; Third Sergeant, Harry M. Dey ;
Fourth Sergeant, Harry Nichuals ; Fifth
Sergeant, Samuel Grovier ; First Corpoi'al,
Louis B. Harris ; Second Corj)oral, Harry
Tobin ; Third Corporal, Ulie J. Lee ; Musi-
cians, David Mead, Charles Mead ; Privates,
Charles M. Baldwin, Harry F. Cami)bell,
Alonzo W. Powers, John J. Chambers, Wil-
liam Grover, David Ewan, Earnest Haines,
Leander Hyatt, George H. Beard, Thomas
F. Miugen, Samuel C. Grover, John Mul-
holland, Harry G. Rathgeb, Charles Enger,
Jacob Haines, Edwin Hillman, Webster Mc-
Clellau, Charles A. Fowler, James J. Duffy,
Charles H. Jefferies, Frederick W. Kalt,
Harry D. Nichuals, William Lawler, Dal-
gren Albertsou, George Middleton, John E.
Shannon, John Nixon, George H. Snowhill,
William H. Adams, J. R. Smyth, Raljili
Bond, Archie S. Royal, G. Parker Johnson,
Frank Smith, D. Harry CV)ndit, M. A. Cole,
Frank T. Hayes, Charles P. Householder,
Samuel Donaldson.
CHAPTER XL
THE ERECTION OF CASfDEN ('OfNTY.
The first official meeting of citizens in the
county of Glouee.ster having for its object
the division of that county was held at the
house of John M. John.son, in the city of
C-amden, on the 16th day of l<'ebruary, 1837.
The object of this meeting was to consider
the propriety of petitioning the Ijcgislafure
180
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
to autliorize the erection of a new county to be
composed of the townships of Waterford,
Camden, Newton, Union and Gloucester and
to be called " Delaware." The deliberations
of this meeting did not result in anything
effectual, but that agitation on the subject for
which it met was kept up, is evident from
the decided stand shown in the resolutions
passed at a similar meeting held seven years
later, on the 11th day of January, 1844, at
the Friend.s' school-house in Haddonfield,
where a large number of the citizens con-
vened in re,sponse to a notice. John Clement,
Sr., was chosen chairman at this meeting
and Thomas Redman, Jr., secretary. Rich-
ard W. Snowden, Jacob L. Rowand, and
David Roc were appointed a committee to
draft a series of resolutions, which were
adopted and read as follows :
"Resolved, that in the opinion of this meeting
the contemplated division of the county is alto-
gether useless and unnecessary and would be
highly oppressive, subjecting the inhabitants to a
heavy taxation on the one hand without any bene-
ficial advantages on the other, the county being at
present of a convenient size and form and the
public building.s ah'eady erected and in the centre
of population adequate to public accommodation."
The meeting, in another resolution, recom-
mended a county (invention to be held at
the Woodbury court-house on January 22,
1844. Notice was given to that effect and a
convention was held on the day appointed,
John Clement, Sr., of Haddonfield, jiresid-
ing. A .series of resolutions and a memorial
deprecating the division were jire.sented and
adopted and a iiuimIxt of persons were np-
poiuted to attend the Legislature at Trenton
to present and support them.
The movement for a division liad its friends,
who were not meinliers of the convention
held, and wiio were endeavoring to aecom-
])lisii th(; end desired. A bill was presented
to the Legislature, asking for the division of
(jloucester County by the erection of the
townships of Ciiinden, Waterford, Newton,
L^nion, Delaware, Gloucester and Washing-
ton into a county to l)e called " Camden." On
the tJth of March, 1844, seventeen petitions
signed by three hundred and forty-two per-
sons and twenty remonstrances, signed by
one thoiLsaud four hundred and si.xty-seven
persons, were presented, but the bill finally
passed both Houses and was approved by the
Governor March 13, 1844, and Camden
County took its place with the counties of
the State of New Jersey. In November,
1845, an effbrt was made, without succe.«s, to
return the townships of ^Yashington and
Gloncester to Gloucester County. Later,
however, Wa.shington (then including the
present township of Monroe) was returned
to Gloucester County. In December of the
year 1845 an ineffectual attempt was made
to re-annex all of Camden County, except the
township of Camden and part of Delaware,
to Gloucester County, and in September,
1846, to erect the townships of Franklin,
Washington, (xlouccstcr and Winslow into
a county to be called "Washington." It
will thus be seen that the erection of the
new county of Camden caused considerable
agitation and discussion.
The public buildings of the county at
Glou(«ster (now Gloucester City), having
been destroyed by fire, an election was had
and the seat of justice was removed to
Woodbury in 1787. Pnblit^ buildings erec- '
ted at Woodbury, wliich, about 1819-20,
having l)ccome somewhat dilapidated, the
question of a change of location of the
county-seat to (iloucester again was agi-
tated among the ])copie. Meetings were
held in tiie townshi|)s and in Woodbury
at different times. \ petition was pre-
sented to tin: Fjcgislaturc having this
change in view, whereupon a large meeting
of citi/cMs convened at Woodbury January
17, 1.S20, at wiiicli remonstrances signed by
over one. thousand si.\ hundred persons were
read, and James Matlack, Joseph V. Clark,
Joseph Rogers, I.saac Pine and John AT.
Wiiite were chosen to visit the Legislature,
THE ERECTION OF CAMDEN COUNTY.
181
present remonstrances and take measures to
prevent the piussage of tiie hill. An influence
was brought to bear upon the projectors of
tlie bill and they asked permission to with-
draw theirpetition, which was granted, the agi-
tation ce;used, two buildings for county offices
were erected at Woodbury, and necessary
repairs made upon court-house and jail. Had
this change of county-seat then been made it
is probable Camden County would nut have
been erected.
The act under which the county of Cam-
den was formed provided that after one year
from date of erec^tion the locati(jn of county
buildings shoidd be decided by a vote of
qualified electors in the county at such time
and places as the Board of Freeholders should
appoint. In accordance with this act, the
freeholders, on April 7, 1845, set apart
August 12, 1845, as the day of election.
Prior to that time a county meeting was
held at White Horse Tavern, in Glouces-
ter township, for the purpose of selecting
and agreting upon some town most suitable
in whii'h to erect the public buildings.
Richard Stafford was chosen president of
the meeting; Evan C. Smith, of Delaware,
Richard Thomas, of Camden, Richard W.
Snowden, of Newton, Joshua Peacock, of
Waterford, Joseph Bndd, of Union, John
Albertson, of Winslow, John North, of
Gloucester, and Joel Steelman, of Washing-
ton, vice-presidents; Jacob L. Rowand and
James D. Dotterer, secretaries. In accor-
ilance with a resolution, five persons were
chosen from each township as a committee
aii<l each t(nvnship to east one vote. This
joint committee was empowered to select
the most desirable town for the location of
the proposed buildings. 'Hie result of the
vote was nineteen for Haddonfield, ten for
Long-a-coming, and fewer votes for certain
other places. The meeting adjourned to
July 31st, of which meeting no account has
been obtained.
CoiNTV Bt'ildinos. — The act establish-
ing the county pruvidrd (hat the courts of
the coiuity should be held at Woodi)ury for a
year, and that a seat of justice should be
chosen by a vote of the peo])le on t\w 12th
of August, 184"), and re(|uire(l a majority
of the total vote to establish the site. The
election was held with this result: Camden,
1062; (Jloucester, 822; Haddonfield, 422;
]\Iount K|)hraim, .3.3. There was no choice,
and then began a series of contests in the
Board of Chosen Freeholders almost witiiout
parallel in the history of municipal bodies,
extending over a period of seven years, and
i-equiring the assistance of four elections by
the people, two legislative bodies and three
courts to bring it to a final result. There
were seven townships and one city, each with
two rej)resentatives in the board. December
2, 1845, the board a])i)ointed Joseph Kay,
Joseph Porter and C'lnrles Kaighn a com-
mittee to obtain an act of the Ijegislature
to autiiorize the holding of another election.
'I'his was done and the act called for two elec-
tions, at the first of which a majority was
requisite, and, that failing, at the second a
plurality would suffice.
The first was held April 28, 184(J, with
the following vote : Camden, 963 ; Mount
Fphraim, 427; White Horse, 330; Chews
Ivanding, 93 ; Haddonfield, 46. Thescatter-
ing vote was sufficient to exceed C'amden's
lead, and there being no choice, the second
election was held June? 2d, with this result:
Camden, 1434 ; Long-a-Coming, 1498. This,
it was thought, would settle the controversy,
but Abraham Browning and Captain John
W. Mickle were mendiers of the board,
while Thomas H. Dudley was clerk, and
they were fertile in expedients. The board
met at Long-a-Coming, .lunc 15th, and at
once took steps to provide the necessars imild-
ings at that place. A committee was ap-
pointed, and at once reported ])lans for build-
ings, and a site on lands of Jacob licac^h.
The plans were, — a court-house of stone,
forty-five by sixty-five feet, with offices on
182
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY,
the first floor and court-room ou the second
floor; the jail, also of" stone, forty-two l>y
forty-five feet, with five apartments or cells.
The cost of both estimated at seventeen
thousand dollars.
As they were about to adopt the plans and
advertise for proposals, a writ of critiorari
was served answerable to the Sujirenie Court.
The decision of the court favored Long-a-
Comiug, hut the proceedings caused delay,
and it was March 8, 1847, before further
action was taken. At that meeting, held at
Long-a-C-oming, a committee had been ap-
pointed with instructions to purchase the
Leach property, and to advertise for propo-
sals for the construction of the buildings ()n
the plans already adopted, when a prelimi-
nary injunction, from the chancellor, issued
at the instance of Richard Fetters and I'r.
Isaac S. Mulford, was served. The nuijorily
appointed a committee to inquire into frauds
at the elections and to sue for damages, the
authors of the vexatious suits ; but as the
injunction was dissolved, no further steps
were taken in that direction. Frequent
meetings were held in out-of-the-way places:
Ellisburg, Chews Landing, Cross Keys and
Blue Anchor, but seldom at Camden.
Another meeting was held at Long-a-Coming
February 12, 1848, when bids for the erec-
tion of the buildings at that place were open-
ed as follows: Rush, §17,540 ; Joseph H.
Collins, 110,500; John K. Inskeep, $13,500
and the latter ac<'eptcd. It seemed inevitable
that I jiing-a-Coming would become the county-
sciit, but the alert friends of Camden had
procured an act from the Legislature calling
for another election by the people, cuntain-
ing this clause :
" Tluit if at siii-li ("liM'tii)n, no oiu' City, Villasje
or Cro.s.s-roa<ls shall have a majoiity of all the
votes polled, thou L(iiii;-a-Ceiniiig shall bo the
seat ofjiislico."
The editor of the HV.s/ Jrrsei/ 3/-?//, I'liilip
J. Grey, Ks(]., visited liie town of Long-a-
Coniing with the Roard of Freeholders, and
in the next issue of his paper said: "Our
trip to Long-a-Coming on Monday, under
the favorable auspices of pleasant weather,
good roads and agreeable company, was not
' bad to take,' notwithstanding when we got
back in the evening we found a resting-place
quite as acceptable. This may be called the
sunny side of the picture, not to be looked
upon in a trip during either the November
or February term of the court. Indeed, we
cannot but think that our fine little county
has been ' knocked into a cocked hat ' by
this extraordinary freak of the popular will,
the bitterest fruits of which are yet to be
tasted."
The election was ordered for April 11th,
and the result was thus tabulated and re-
jxirted to the board by Comity C'lerk Thom-
as R. Wooil, at the meeting held May
loth,—
For Cani.lcii, naiidoiifii.-ld. Long-a-Coniing.
Camden.NoithWanl, 144 5 6
Mid.llo " G7H (J 8
" South " 442 1(1
Delaware Township, 1911 IS.") S
Monroe " ]8i» 149 3
Gloucester " 102 104 137
Washington " SO 8 143
Waterford " 41 (i3 172
Winslow " 50 17 233
Newton " 0') 242
Abraham Browning offered a resolution to
ap])oint a committee to " select a site in the
City of Camden," but it was voted down, and,
instead, one was appoin'ed to investigate
frauds. This committee had a baffling expe-
rience. July 7th they reported that their
counsel, James R. Dayton, advised them to
go to the Legislature for redress, and, March
Ht, 1849, they reported that the Jjcgislature
advi.sed them to .seek redress in the Supreme
Court ; and again, December 3d, they ad-
vised "that th(> inhabitants of Camden Coun-
ty petition the Legislature to select a site for
the |)ulilic buildings, in some suitable place,
at least five miles from the citv of Canideu."
THE ERECTION OF CAMDEN COUNTY.
183
The majority re.solveil, if possible, to pre-
vent the location of the public buiUliiigs iu
Caniden, and nothing definite was done until
^lay 14, 1851, when Abraham Browning's
oft-repeated motion to " appoint a eonunittee
to select a siiitjible site in Camden" was voted
down by the usual majority, — yeas, five; nays,
eleven, —whereupon Sherifi' Garrett served a
writ of alternate mandamus, requiring them
to show cause why they did uot provide build-
ings for the use of the county, and iu Cam-
den, as directeil by the election of 1848.
They answered the w'rit of the Supreme
Court by an adjournment. Meetings were
held, but nothing was done in this matter
until December 1st, when Abraham Brown-
ing's motion was bucked by a percmptDry
mandamus and was adopted. This ended
the long struggle, with the exception of the
eti'ort of John W. Mickle to locate the
court-house at the Woodlands, instead of
Sixth Street and Market, and the work of
providing the necessary buildings went on.
First Court-House. — At the meeting of
May 3, 1852, plans prepared by Samuel Sloan
were adopted, and, May 12th, proposals
for the construction of the building were
opened. They were: Charles Wilson, §-35,-
(100; Roberts & Reeves, $2(j, 950 ; Daniel A.
Hall, §26,800. The latter was acetpted, with
Henry Allen, Samuel D. Elfrcth and Joseph
Weatherly as bondsmen.
A plot of ground one hundred and ninety-
eight feet on Market, one hunilreil antl eleven
feet on Fetleral, three hundred and fifty-
eight feet on Sixth Street and four hundred
and twenty-five on Broadway was purchased
of Abigail Cooper, for five thousand dollars,
and the building located mi(hvay between
]\[arket ' and Federal, so that neither ferry
should reap undue advantage. Abraham
Browning, Samuel Norero.ss, John Wilkins,
John J. Githens, Joseph B. Tatem, Cooper
P. Browning, Benjamin Horner and Edmond
Brewer were the building committee, and,
March 19, 1855, they reported, " Little re-
mains to be done excef)t the planting of trees
in and around the yard, and the j)aving of
the walks from the strett.s to the building,
the bricks for that purpo.se being on the
ground."
The final statement of tiieir operations was
very full and clear, and gives the cost of tlii^
building complete at .§U),970.79, leaving cash
iu their hands .^187.0."). The building,
however, was com[)leteil many months be-
fore the first court was held iu it, being tlie
October Term, 185."), and the first csise tried
in it was that of William Hope, the famous
ferryman, charged wilh assault and battery,
and iu which Thomas H. Dudley appeared
for the State, having been deputized to act
as prosecutor of the pleas.
The building is of iirick, rough-cast, fifty
by one huudi'ed and five feet in length and
width. The first design included a dome,
but this was omitted in the building. The
jail, containing twelve cells, is in the basement,
below the level of the streets. The county
officers were on the first floor, the only ones
remaining being the .sheriff and county
collector. The court-rooms are on the
second floor, while the third floor comprised
apartments for the sherifl" and family, who
formerly resided in the court-house. Here,
also, is the celebrated iron cage, in which
alleged murderers are safely kept, before and
after trial.
The New Coriir-HousE. — The want of
more jail room led to the erection, in 1875,
of the one-story, fire-proof, brick building
on Market Street, at a cost of .'seventeen
thou.saud dollars, and its u.se by the county
clerk, surrogate and register of deeds.
The unhealthy location of the jail and its
crowded condition caused jti'otests and com-
plaints, and the project of a work-house out-
side the city was agitated. John H. Jone.s,
while a member of the Board of Freeholders,
gave the subject earnest attention. Nothing
W'as done, however, until 1878.
The board, in 1881, considered the ques-
184
HISTORY OF CA:\rDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
tion of a work-house, but finally deci-
ded to build a commodious jail, with all
iiioderu improvements, on Federal Street.
Architect Gendell, of Philadelphia, j)repared
the plans, which embraced a grou]) of sand-
stone buildings, prison, court-house and
county offices, covering the entire plot of
ground owned by the county ; the several
completition when there was a change in the
Board of Chosen Freeholders, and with it a
change of plans. It was determined to
change the jail, upon which ninety thousand
dollars had been s])ent, and make of it a
court-house. Ruilolph U. Birdsell, James
Davis, Charles F. Adams, Wm. C. Clark, and
Samuel Wood were ajipointed the building
parts to be erected in detail as the demand committee, and thirty thousand dollars were
arose ; and as a jail was an immediate neces- ap|)ropriated for the purpose. The altera-
sity, that was to be built by a tax levy of tious were maile and the first court was held
there in May, 1885. The final re-
port of the committee was made May,
18S(), and the entire cost of the build-
ing was found to be §129,7(32.18.
The design is to convert the old
court house into a jail.
TiiK County Ai.MsuotsE. — The
first mention found on record relating
to the care of the poor of (ilouccster
('iiuntv is in the minutes of the pro-
ceedings of the justices and freehold-
ers, June 10,1765, when Wm. Hugg
and Samuel Harrison were allowed
i.'()2 Ki.s. 2'?. for repairs to the house.
In 1770 repairs were ordered, but no
iiiontion is made of the location and
cliaracter of the building. In 1799
Samuel Cooper, James Hopkins and
James Stratton were directed to look
alter a site, but failing to report, the
l)oard of Freeholders, in August,
i SOO, apjwinted Samuel Cooper, Jas.
Hurley, John Hider, Samuel W.
Harrison, Amos Cooj)er, Wm. Ford,
Jas. Stratton, John Collins, Richard
Wostcott and Elias Smith a com-
mittee to purchase a site. The committee se-
lected iwv. iinndred and twenty-five acres of
land on the south side of Timber Creek, in
Deplfonl township, belonging to Michael
Fisher. The consideration was $;53;53 33i
and the deed conveying the land to the Board
of Chosen Freeholders of Gloucester Cdunty
was dated December 12, 1800.
A building committee was appointed, —
forty tiiousatid dnilars for two years, tlu'
estimated cost being eighty thou.sand dollars.
In May, 1882, the first levy of forty thou-
.sand dollars was made, and Fdwanl S. King,
John Day, Morris Hallock, Joseph L.
Thackara and Thomas McDowell were con-
stituted the building committee. In 1883
the second levy of forty thousand dollars
was made and the building was ap|)roacliing
(7
THE ERECTION OF CAMDEN COUNTY.
185
S.imiiel trooper, Jaeob Stokes, John Brick,
Aiujs C'.)c)per, Saniuel P. Paul, Eaoeh Allen,
EqocIi Leeds, Tiiomas Somers, Elias Smith
and Isaac Tomliiison, — who contracted with
EJmuDd Brewer aud John C. Morgan to
erect the aliushjuse for five thousand six
hundred dollars. In 1812 the freeholders
purchased two hundred aud forty-eight acres
of woodland, near Willianistowu, for the
purpose of .supplying the almshou.se with
fuel. When coal wa.s substituted and no use
of the woodland had been made for a number
of years, the ownership was forgotten, until
1882, when Timothy J. Middleton, theu
clerk of the board, called attention to the
fact. In 1822 the adjoining farm of Jedediah
Morgan, about one hundred aud sixty acres,
was purchased. The aluishou.se was enlarged
from time to time as necessity demanded.
The small building for the insane was built
in 1816.
Upon the erection of Camden County, in
1844, the two counties used the almshouse
jointly under direction of a joint committee
until 1861, when, under an act of the Legis-
lature, the property was sold, and the present
farm of one hundred and forty-four acres,
containing the buildings, together with the
woodland, was bought by Camden County
for §1 9,802.
Timber Creek is the dividing line between
the two counties, but an act of the Legislature
rectified the line so as to place the almshouse
farm in Camden County.
A new almshouse was built in 1864, which
was enlarged in 1877 and again in 1881. In
the latter a hospital ward was erected sep-
arate from the main building, and so thus
arranged, the Camden County Almshouse is
regarded as one of the most comj^lete in the
State. The farm and buildings, including
the Insane Asylum, are valued at ninety
thousand dollars. In the fall of 1880 an
epidemic of ty[)h()id fever broke out in the
institution, decimating tiie ranks of the in-
mates, including the steward, Isaac P. Wil-
.son, who had filled the position from tli« date
that Camden County first took .sole po.sses-
sion. The stewards have been Isaac P.
Wilson, 1861-81 ; Alfred Harris, 1881-86 ;
and Charles F. Adams. The annual cost
is about one thousand eight hundred dollars.
The County In.sane A.sylum. — The
County Insane Asylum was built in 1877,
under the law giving counties an allowance
for the care of its indigent insane. It stands
north of the alrnshon.sc, on the county farm,
is of brick, three stories high, with all the
best modern appliances for the care of the in-
.sane, in the protection and cure of whom the
institution has been very successful. It has
been enlarged and accommodates over ninety
inmates. It is in charge of a matron, under
the supervision of a committee of the Board
of Freeholders. The net annual cost to the
county for maintenance is about ten thou-
sand dollars. The matrons have been : 1877-
85, Adelaide Stiles; 1885, Jeunie Gardner;
1886, Mary Nichols.
Randal E. Morgan, whose life has
been marked by great activity, both in pub-
lic and private aifairs, was born November
6, 1824, near Black wood town, which was
named f >r one of his ancestors. He was a
son of Randal W. aud Sarah (Eldridge)
Morgan. The former was the descendant of
one of three brothers, of Welsh origin, who
came to America some time between 1660
and 1670, one settling in New Jersey, one
in Connecticut and the third in Virginia.
Oiu' subject's mother was of an old family of
Friends, and thus his ancestry in America
has been upon both sides (piite ancient.
Mr. Morgan's youth was s])eut upon the
farm where he was born, and his early edu-
cation received in the .schools of the neigh-
borhood, though he subsequently attended a
select school at Woodbury. As he grew to
manhood his industrious habits and good
character were recognized, and he was grad-
ually raised into prominence by his fellow-
citizens. In 1855 he was elected a free-
186
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
holder, and at the same time held the offices
of trustee of the almshouse and treasurer of the
same institution. After holding various minor
offices, he was elected treasurer of Camden
County, upon the Republican ticket, in 1861
(Washington township, the place of his resi-
dence, then being a part of Camden County,
though subsequently returned to Gloucester
County). In 1864 he was re-elected, and
held the office for another term of three
years. During his six years' occupancy of
this position of responsibility and trust, cov-
ering the period of the Civil War, over two
million dollars passed through his hands.
At the same time he was a special collector
in his township of moneys needed for war
purposes, was on the committee to secure
substitutes, had several pi'ivate estates to
settle, and attended to his large personal bus-
iness. In the fall of 1868 he was elected
sheriff, and re-elected in 1869 and 1870. He
did all of the work of the office, with the
a-ssistance of his sons, and discharged the du-
ties incumbent upon him with the same fidel-
ity and promptness which had characterized
his administration as Camden County's
treasurer. In addition to the labor devolv-
ing upon him in this office, he served frequently
as deputy United States marshal, sometimes in
quite important matters. In 1875 he was
appointed by the Council as city treasurer, to
fill the unexpired term caused by the death
of Captain Hufty. Most of his time since
1871, however, has been employed in exten-
sive building operations, and he has erected
in Camden about two hundred buildings,
principally dwelling-houses. Of these he
has sold the greater proportion. His ener-
gies have also found exercise in various other
occupations, and he has been constantly busy
in some line of enterprise. His career forms
a remarkable illustration of what industry
and integrity may accomplish in private and
public life.
Mr. Morgan's religious affiliation is with
the Presbyterian Church. He was chosen
an elder in his home church when only thir-
ty-one years old ; retained the office until
coming to Camden, and is now a trustee of
the First Presbyterian Church of that city.
He has been twice married. His first wife,
with whom he was united June 10, 1847,
was Mary Josephine Willard. She died
August 30, 1881, having been the mother of
seven children, five of whom survived her.
Tliese were Randal AV., Eli B., Mary E.,
Joseph Willard, Sallie (died in infancy), Ella
(died in 1872, aged thirteen years) and Car-
rie W.
Randal W. Morgan, the eldest, was a mid-
shipman, but subsequently retired from the
service, studied medicine, carried on a drug-
store in Camden, was vaccine physician and
county physician. His health failed, and he
went twice to Europe for its benefit, and
died at sea on his retui-n voyage, October 20,
1884.
Eli B. was a deputy in the sheriff's office,
under his father, and subsequently under
other sheriffs ; then deputy clerk for five
years, and since 1885 has been engaged in
building operations.
Joseph Willard is a counselor-at-law, and
has been city solicitor since the spring of
1884. He was elected immediately after
attaining his majority, and is the youngest
man who ever held the office.
Mr. Morgan's second marriage, with Mi's.
Mertie C. Webster, daughter of Rev. Wm.
P. ]\Iaul, of Camden, occurred September
1, 1886.
CHAPTER XII.
CIVIL LIST.
The following list shows, as far as the
records have been preserved, the principal
officials of Camden County, the names of
Senators and Representatives in both Houses
of Congress, of State officials and of consuls
CIVIL LIST.
187
to foreign ports. The date of election or aj)-
poiutment is given where it could be ob-
tained.
Dr. Marmaduke Burrough was appointed
United States consul to Vera Cruz, ^Mexico,
by President Andrew Jackson, in July,
1834.
George M. Robeson was Secretary of the
Na\-y in President Grant's Cabinet from the
resignation of Secretary Borie to the close of
Grant's administration, in 1877.
Thoma.s H. Dudley was consul to the
port of Liverpool, appointed by President
Lincoln, and served in the same position till
the close of President Grant's administration,
in 1877.
Gilbert Hannah was appointed by Presi-
dent Lincoln consul to Demerara, South
America, and died a few months after arriv-
ing at his post.
General Vickers was consul to Chili, going
there when General Kilpatrick was the Uni-
ted States Minister.
The attorneys-general of Xew Jersey from
Camden County were Abraham Browning,
from 1845 to 1850, and George M. Robeson,
from 1867 to the time of his appointment
as Secretary of the Xavy.
John Clement, in 1864, was appointed
judge of the Court of Errors and Appeals,
and continues to hold the same office, by vir-
tue of which he is a member of the State
Board of Pardons.
The Presidents of the State Senate from
Camden County were, —
James M. Scovel, 1866. Wm, J. Sewell, 1878-SO.
Edwanl Settle, 1871-72.
The Secretaries of Senate from Camden
County were, —
Philip J. Grey, 1848-.iO. Morris R. Hamilton, 1862, '63.1
Speakers of Assembly from Camden, —
G. W. M. Custis, 1869. E. \. Armstrong, 188.3, '86.
Clerks of the Assembly from Camden, —
John P. Harlcer, 1859. Sinnickson Chew, 1872-74.
'Hamilton was appoints Stat*? Librarian 18S4-.
State Board of As.«essors, —
Edward Settle. A. G. Cattell.
Rev. Dr. Lsaac Wynn, in 1885, was ap-
pointed a member of the State Board of Ed-
ucation, and E. A. AruLstrong, by virtue of
his office as Speaker of the Assembly, is a
member of the same body.
Henry Fredericks, in 1884, was appointe<l
a member of the State Board of Char-
ities and Correction for a term of four
years.
Dr. James M. Ridge, of Camden, served
as member of the State Board of Health.
Richard S. Jenkins served for a time as
State Commissioner of Fisheries.
Rudolphus Bingham was Tru.stee of the
State Industrial School for Girls.
Charles Wilson was State Pri.son Keeper
from 187.3 to 1876.
Joseph Porter, of Waterford, was pres-
ident of the Legislative Council.
John S. Read served for several years, un-
til his death, as one of the commissioners of
the Morris Plains Asylum, and also as State
director for the United Railroads of New
Jersey.
Charles A. Butts is the present State di-
rector of the United Railroads of Xew Jersey.
In the succeeding lists the names of all
persons who have resided within the present
limits of Camden County, and who represente<l
Gloucester County in a national or State po-
sition, or who were elected or appointed to a
county office, are given, together with the date
of their election or appointment. Since the
erection of Camden County the complete roster
of the civil and political officers Ls furnished.
Z'niied States Stn^Urrrs.
Alex. Cattell, 1866-72. Wm. J. Sewell, 1881-87.
BepreieHtatir^g in Congnsss,
Jame6 Sloan, 1803-9. John F. Starr. 1863-67.
Richard JI. Cooper, 1823-33, Geo. M. Rolieson, 1879-81.
Andrew K. Hay, 16*9-51.
SOUe Senaiorit.
Richard W. Howell, 184*. Jamea SI. ScoTel, 1863.
Jos. C. Stafford, 1845. Edward Bettle, 1866-69.
John Gill, 1818. Wm. J. SeweU, 1872, '75, '78.
Thos. W. Mulford, 1851. Albert Merritt, 1881.
John K. Roberts, 18o4:'57. Richard N. Herring, 1884.
Wm. P. Tatem, 1860.
188
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Members of the Legislaiive Oiuncil.
Joseph Hugg, 1781.
Elijah Clark, 1782-83.
Elijah Clark, 178.5, '66.
Joseph Ellis, 1787-94.
Joseph Cooper, 1795-97.
Thos. Clark, 1798-1802.
Isaac Mickle, 1803-6.
Richard M. Cooper, 1807-10.
Isaac Mickle, 1811.
Samuel VV. Harrison, 1814-16.
MembeTB
Members from the surrender
of West Jersey, —
John Kay, 1703.
Joseph Cooper, 1703.
John Hugg, Jr., 1703.
Johu Hugg, 1704.
John Kay, 1704.
Thos. Lambert, 1704.
Members from Gloucester an
Johu Kay, 1709-10.
John Kaighn, 1709-10.
Kichard Bull, 1716.
Samuel Cole, 1721.
John Mickle, 1721.
Johu Mickle, 1727.
Wm. Harrison, 1727.
Wm. Harrison, 1730.
Joseph Cooper, 1730.
Joseph Cooper, 1738.44.
John Mickle, 1738-44.
Joseph Cooper, 174.'i, '46.
Ebenezer Hopkins, 174.'*, '46.
Joseph Cooper, 1749.
Joseph Ellis, 1749.
Samuel Clement, 1754.
Samuel Clement, 1761.
Robert F. Price, 1769-72.
John llinchuiau, 1769-72.
Rubert F. Price, 1776.
Isaac Mickle, 1776.
Elijah Clark, 1777.
Isaac Toniliuson, 1777.
Elijah Clark, 1778.
Joseph Ellis, 1778.
IniiBC Kay, 1780.
Sanuii-1 Hugg, 1781-83.
Jo8c|h Ellis, 1781-83.
Joseph Cooper, 1781-83.
Joseph Ellis, 1784-85.
Joseph Cooper, 1784-85.
Thoniiis Clark, 1787-88.
Joseph Cooper, 1787-88.
Joseph Cooper, 1789.
AlKil Clement, 1789.
Joseph Cooper, 1790.
Samuel Hugg, 1790.
Joseph Cooper, 1791.
John Blackwood, 1791.
Joseph Cooper, 1792.
John Blackwood, 1792.
Joseph Cooper, 1793.
John Blackwood, 1793.
Abel Clement, 1793.
John Blackwood, 1794.
Abel Clement, 1795-96,
Abel Clement, 1797.
Saumcl IlarriBuu, 1798.
Joshua I.. Howell, 1799.
Samuel Harrison, 1799.
John Baxter, 1819-20.
Joseph Kaighn, 1823.
Chris. Sickler. 1827.
Joseph Kaighn, 1829.
John W. Mickle, 1830.
.Toseph Kaighn, 1831, '32.
Johu W. Mickle, 1833-35.
Jos. Porter, 1839, '40.
Joshua P. Browning, 1843.
of the ABitein})hf.
u 1702, who represented theprovii
Joshua Wright, 170-1.
John Willis, 1707.
John Kay, 1707.
Hugh Sharp, 1708-9.
John Kay, 1708-9.
John Kaighn, 1708-9.
Camden Counties, —
Samuel Harrison, ISOll.
Abel Cleincnt, 1800.
Samuel W. Harrison, 1801.
Isaac Mickle, 1801.
Samuel W. Harrison, 1802.
Abel Clement, 1802.
Jiisepli Cooper, 1803-4.
Sanjuel Champion, 180.5-6.
Jacob lilover, 1807.
Jacob Glover, 1808.
Joseph V. Clark, 1809.
Jacob Glover, 1811.
Joseph C. Sweet, 1812.
Charles French, 1813.
Charles French, 1814.
Samuel L. Howell, 1818.
Joseph Kaighn, 1821.
Isaac Mickle, 1822.
Joseph Kaighn, 1822,
Benj. B. Cooper, 1824.
Benj. B. Cooper, 1825.
Charles French, 1S2.5.
Joseph Porter, 1827.
John W. Mickle, 1827.
Joseph Porter, 1828.
Johu W. Mickle, 1829.
John Gill, Jr., 1832.
Joseph Rogers, 1833.
Joseph Rogers, 1834.
Samuel B. Lippincott, 1834.
Joseph Rogers, 1836.
Samuel B. Lippincott, 1835.
Joseph W. Cooper, 1830.
Joseph Porter, 1837.
J. W. Cooper, 1837.
Joseph Porter, 1838.
J. W. Coojior, 1S3S.
Elijah Bower, 1839.
Richard W. Snowden, 1839.
Richard W. Snowden, 1840.
Richard W. Snowden, 1842.
Thonuis B. Wood, 1843.
Joseph Kay, Jr., 1844.
John Redliebl, 1844.
Joel G. <;iark, 1845.
Gcn-ard Wood, 1845,
Edward Turner, 184<>,
Joselih 1). Tateni, 1840,
John C. Shreeve. 1847.
John E. Marshall, 1847.
Jacob Troth, 1848.
Joseph Wolohon, 1848.
Chas. D. Hiueline, 1849-50.
Thomas W. HnrlT, 1849-60.
J. 0. Johnson, 1851-52.
Joseph Kay, 1851.
Jonathan Day, 1851.
Samuel Lytic, 1852.
John K. Roberts, 1852-53.
Samuel S. Cake, 1853-54.
James L. Hines, 18.53.
Beilley Barrett, 1854-55.
Evan C. Smith, 1855.
John P. Marker, 1855-56.
Samuel Scull, 1856, '67, '68.
Joseph M. Atkinson, 1856.
Edmund Hoffman, 1857.
Samuel M. Thorne, 1867-58.
Zebedee Nicholson, 1858.
John R. Graham, 1869-60.
Joseph Stafford, Jr., 1869.
George Brewer, 1859.
Joel P. Kirkbride, 1800-61.
James L. Hines, 1860.
Daniel A. Hall, 1861.
Edwin J. Osier, 1861-62.
James M. Scovel, 1862.
Chalkley Albertson, 1862-63.
Samuel Tateni, 1863.
Philander C. Brinck, 186.3-64.
Isaac W. Nicholson, 1804-65.
John F. Bodine, 1864.
George W. N. Custis, 1865-66.
Thomas H. Coles, 1865-66.
Edward Z. Collings, 1806.
John Hood, 1867.
,S
Daniel Reading, 168C.
Jolin Hugg, Jr. {de|iuty), 1691.
Thomas Sharp, 1692.
Joseph Tomlinson, 169.5-96.
Matthew .Medcalfe, 1700.
Josiah Kay, 1711.
Samuel Coles, 1713.
Samuel Harrison, 1714.
Wm. Harrison, 1715.
Josiah Kay, 1719.
Samuel Coles, 1724.
Joseph Hugg. 1726.
Samuel Harrison, 1729.
Jacob Medcalf, 173:1.
Samuel Harrison, 1742.
Joseph Blackwood, 1784.
John Blackwood, 1787.
Joseph Hugg, 1798.
Jacob Glover, 181,3.
Mark Ware was sheriff of Gloucester County when Camden County
was formed, and by the provisions of the act erecting the county,
jierfonned the duties of sheriff of the new county until the next elec-
tion, in November, 1844, when Arthur Brown was elected.
James Wills, 1867.
Chalkley Albertson, 1807.
Henry L. Bonsall, 1868-69.
William C. Shinn, 1868-69.
Thomas H. Coles, ISO'S.
Samuel Warthman, 1869.
Charles Wilson, 1870.
Isaac W. Nicholson, 1870.
Stevenson Leslie, 1870-71.
George B. Carse, 1871-73.
Isaac Foreman, 1872.
William H. Cole, 1872-73.
Clialkley Albertson, 1873.
Alden C. Scovel, 1874-76.
Richard N. Herring, 1874-75.
Henry B. Wilson, 1874.
Oliver Lund, 187.5-70.
Samuel T. Murphy. 1876.
Isaiah Woolston, 1877.
Alonzo D. Nichols, 1877-78.
Andrew J. Eider, 1877.
Edward Burrough, 1878-79,
Richard N. Herring, 1878-79.
Henry L. Bonsiill, 1879-80.
Chris. J. Mines, 1880-81.
John H. McMurray, 1880-81.
Robert F. 8. Heath, 1881.
George W. Bolton. 1882.
John Bamford, 1882.
Clayton Stafford, 1882-83.
Edward A. Armstrong, 1883-85.
John \V". Branning, 1883.
Benj. M. Braker, 1884.
Henry M. Jewett, 1884-85.
George Pfeiffer, Jr., 1885.
John Baxter, 1815.
.lohn Baxter, 1821.
Joshua P. Browning, 1835.
Mark Ware, 1841.1
Arthur Brown, 1844.
Levi C. Phifer, 1847.
Charles S. Garrett, 1850.
Wm. P. Tatem, 1863.
Edmund Brewer, 1856.
Charles Wilson, 1859.
John Cain, 1862.
Samuel D. Sharp, 18C5.
Randal E. Morgan, 1868.
Henry Fredericks, 1871.
Jacob C. Daubman, 1874.'
Wm. Calhoun, 1878.
Theo. B. Gibbs, 1881.
Richard F. .Smith, 18S4.
Thomas Sharp. 1686.
John Reading, 1688.
Richard Bull, 1704.
Thomas Shari), 1714.
Voxmiu Cl'Tkn.
Joseph Hugg, 1776.
Elijah Clark, 1781.
Elisha Clark, 1785.
Thomas B. Wood, 1844.
1 Under the constitution of 1844 the sheriffs were elected annually,
but custom gave them three years, and the amended constitution of
1875 extended the term to three years. Jacob C. Daubman had
served one year, when the change was made, and in 1876 was elected
for tlie new term, making four years of continued service.
CIVIL LIST.
189
B^nj, \V. Browninsr, 181!1.
.li>6i-|ih Myers, 1880.
Will. P. Tiiteiii, 1880.1
George Brewer, 1860.
Thomas M. K. Lee, ISOS.
Jacob fllover, 1823-24.
Siinmel P. Chew, 1S44.
Isuie H. Porter. 1849.
I,
(Tliis offlce was eslalilish
George W. Gilbert, 1876.
Jehu Evans, 1880.
O
Jacob Clement, 171.').
Jolm Kay, 1717.
Thomas Sharp, 1721.
Joseph Cooper, 1724.
Ebenezer Hopkins, HiJO.
llavid Cooper, 1757.
Samuel Clement, Jr., 1704.
Saiiuicl Nicholson, 1844.
Jacob L. Rownml, 1S45.
John Clement, Jr., 1.S48.
J.ilin Cain, l.'<7ll.
.loel Kilkbride, 187.').
.lospph Holling^heail, 1S80.
Jolm W. RrowDing, IS.S.I.
Edward Burrougli, ISSO. -
Btirrogatfs.
Mark Ware, 18,')4.
Lsaac L. Lowe, 1S..0. 3
David B. Brown, 186C..
fili/ttrr of D*:i'ih.
■d in 187.i)
Robert F.S. ll.'alh, ISSS.
milD Colteclort.
Wm. P. Tatem, 184fl-.'in.
Albert W. Markley, 18.54.
Ridinrd W. Siiowden, 18.';7.
Randal E. Morgan, 1862.
Isaiah Woolston, 1868.
Isaiah Woolston, 1870.
Ezra Stokes, 1871.
Morris Ilallock, 1882.
Nathanii-I Biirlon, 188,5.
Tlie presiding officers of the Board of
Ju.stices and Freeholders, and afterwards of
tlic Board of Frecliolders, were, —
Elijah Clark, 17111.
Samuel Harrison, 1800.
Samuel W. Harrison, 18t)4.
Samuel W. Harrison, 1807.
Wni Zane, 1809.
Joseph Rogers, 1811.
James Matlack, 1815.
Jacob Glover, 1823.
SaDiuel B. Lippincott, 1831.
Jacob Glover, 1 832.
James Matlack, 1838.
Johu Clement, Jr., 1844.
Joseph Kay, 1845.
Jacob Troth, 1840.
Richard W. Stafford, 1S47-53.
John D. Glover, 1864-55.
Richard W. Snowden, 1851!.
Chiks iif the Bm
Thomas Sharp, 1715.
Wm. Harrison, 1723.
John Kay, 1725..
Samuel Spicer, 1740.
Joseph Kaighn, 1748.
Joseph Harrison, 1751).
Samuel Clement, Jr., 1704.
Joseph Hugg, 1705.
Isaac Mickle, 1700.
Samuel HalTison, 1708.
SamuefSpicer, 1773.
. Joseph Hugg, 1775.
Joseph L. Tharkara, 1867.
Thomas McKeen, 1858.
Joseph Porter, 1869-60.
Thoni.Ts McKeen, 1801.
John S. Read, 1802.
Charles Watson, 18i;3-n6.
Joseph L. Thackara, 1800-07.
John J. Lawrence, 1808.
Charles Watson, 1809.
Samuel S. Cake, 1870-71.
Isaac W. Nicholson, 1872-80.
Morris Hallock, 1881-82.
Joseph L. Thackara, 1883.
Samuel Wood, 1HS4.
J. Grilflth Howard, 18S5.
Samuel Wood, 1880.
rd uf FnehuMng.
Samuel Harrison, 1783.
Johu Blackwood, 1792.
Samuel W. Harrison, 1798.
Richard Snowdon, 1808.
Jacob (ilover, 1818.
Thomas II. Dudley, 1844-47.
Thomas W. Mulford, 1848.
James B. Dayton, 1849 53.
R. Gniliam Clark. I8.'i4-50.
Alden C. Scovel, 1857-65.
Alfred Hugg, 1806-08,
Joshua L. Howell, 1809-73.
1 Joseph Myer.-* died in June, 1800, and William P. Tatem was ap-
pointed to act until the next election, when George Brewer was
chostiii.
2 The Governor commissioned John W. Browning, but the Su-
preme Court ruled the oftice to Edward Burroiigh, who received his
commission February 20, 1886.
3 Isaac L. Lowe was elected in 1804 for five years. lie died in
March, 1800, and D. B. Brown was appointed until the election, in
November, when he was elected, and re.^lected in 1871, '70 '81.
J. Kiiscnc Troth, 1874-79.
John K. U. Hewitt, 1S.S0.
J. Eugene Troth, 1881.
Jacob Jennings, 188.'.
The following is
wlio represented the
Fie
J.)hn W. Mickle, 1844.
John R. Cowperthwaito, 1844.
Charles Kaighn, 1845.
.iohn R. Thompson, 1845.
Johu W. Mickle, 1840.
f'harles Sexton, 1840.
John W. Mickle, 1847.
Uichard Kettere, 1847.
Charles .Sexton, 1818.
Samuel Liimmis, 1848.
John «. Mickle, 1849.
Thomas B. Atkinson, 1849.
John W. MicUlo, 1850.
John Sands, 1860.
One from each of
Samuel Andrews, 1859.
Josiah D. Rogers, 1859.
Augustus Stutzer, 1859.
John S. Read, 1800.
Jo.siah D. Rogers, 1800.
Augustus Stutzer, 1800.
Thos. McKeen, 1801.
Samuel H. Morton, 1801.
Augustus Stutzer, ISol.
Johu S. Read, 1802.
Samuel H. Morton, 1802.
John W. Stutzer. 18C2.
Charles Watsou, 1803-04.
Henry Curls, 1803-04.
Chris, .r. Mines, lS0;}-04.
Timolh.v J. Middlelou, 1.882-83.
SaniiKd 1). Bergen, 1884.
Jonas S. Jliller, 1885.
John Harris, ISSO.
I list of the freeholder
city of Camden :
eh-Mir'.
■John W. Mickle, 1851-.'.2.
Abraham Browning, 1851-62.
John W. Mickle, 1853.
Charles Sexton, 1853.
Charles Sexton, 1854.
Florance M. Bingham, 1.S54.
James W. Shroff, 1855.
Joseph T. Rowand, 1855.
John W. Mickle, 1S.50.
Wm. W. Cooper, ISofi.
Thomas McKeen, 18.57.
Jos. C. De La Cour, 18.57.
Thomas McKeen, IS5S,
James Carman, 1858.
the three wards, —
Charles Watson, 1806.
George Brewer, I8G5.
Chris. J. Mines, 1805.
(.'harles Watson, 1800-07.
Isaiah Woolston, 1800-07.
Chris. J. Mines, 1800-07.
Charles Watson, 1808.
Alex. A. Hammell, 1868.
John Goldstlio-.jie, 1808.
Charles Watson, 1809.
Aimer Sparks, 1809.
James Deno, 1809.
Charles Watson, 1870.
James W. Wroth, 1870.
John Dovle, 1870.
One member from each of the eight wards
Charles Watson, 1871.
Cooper B. Browning, 1S71.
James Elwell, 1871.
Wm. Scudder, 1871.
James Deno, 1871.
Wallace Cook, 1871.
John H. Jones, 1871.
Francis Boggs, 1871.
Samuel B. Garrison, 1872.
Eilmund E. Read, 1872.
James Elwell, 1872.
Chris. Sickler, 1872.
James Deno, 1872.
Allen C. Wood, 1872.
John 11. Jones, 1872.
Wm. C. Clarko, 1872.
Samuel B. Garrison, 1873.
Randal E. Morgan. 1873.
.lames Elwell, 1873.
Wm. Severns, 1873.
James Deuo, 1873.
Allen C. Wood, 1873.
John H. Jones, 1873.
Wm. 0. Clarke, 1873.
Samuel B. Garrison, 1874.
Henry C. Gibson, 1871.
James Elwell, 1874.
Wm. Severns. 1874.
David B. Kaighn, 1874.
Evan Miller, 1874.
Wm. Crossley, 1874.
Wm. Thompson, 1874.
David Baird, 1876.
Henry 0. Gibson, 1875.
James Elwell, 1875.
Wm. Severns, 1876.
Thomas A. Wilson, 1875.
Evan Miller, 1875.
Wm. Crossley, 1875.
Will. C. Clarke, 1875.
David Baird, 1870.
John S. Read, 1870.
James Elwell, 1870.
Wm. Severns, 1876.
Thos. A. Wilson, 1870.
Evan Miller, 1870.
Wm. Crossley, 1870.
Bonj. H, Thomas, 1870.
David Baird, 1877.
Will. U. Colo, 1877.
Abner Sparks, 1877.
Wm. Severns, 1877.
Charles C. Moffctt, 1877.
Evan Miller, 1877.
Thos. .Sotbern, 1877.
lieiij. H. Thomas, 1877.
David Baird, 1878.
Morris Hallock, 1878.
James Elwell, 1878.
Wm. Seierns, 1878.
190
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Charles C. Moffett, 1878.
Evan Miller, 1878.
Joseph M. Eo88, 1878.
BonJ. H. Thomas, 1S78.
David Baird, 1870.
Morris Hallock, 1879.
Abner Sparks, 1879.
Wm. Severns, 1879.
Robert C. HiUman, 1879.
John Guthridge, 1879.
Wra. Simpson, 1879.
Peter Wise (Ist, colored), 1879.
Louis T. Derousse, 1881).
Morris Hallock, 1880.
Abner Sparks, 1880.
Wra. Severns, 1880.
John W. BranninK, 1880.
John Guthridge, 188U.
James Kennedy, 18S0.
Hugh Greenan, 188".
Edward S. King, 1881.
Morris Hallock, 1881.
Jesse Turner, 1881.
Timothy J. Middleton, 1881.
John Day, 1881.
Thomas McDowell, 1881.
James Kennedy, 1881.
Peter Postels (colored), 1891.
Edward S. King, 1882.
Monis Hallock, 1882.
Wm. H. Chandler, 1882.
John G. Miller, 1882.
John Day, 1882.
Thomas McDowell, 1882.
.Tames Kennedy, 1882.
Peter Postels, 1882.
Edward S. King, 1883.
John C. Rogers, 1883.
Walter O. Wartman, 1883.
Augustus F. Richter, 1883.
John Day, 1883.
James Mitchell, 1S83.
Elwood Kemble, 1883.
John Schause, 1883.
Charles F. Adams, 1884.
John Wells, 1884.
Abner Sparks, 1884.
Rudolph W. Birdsell, 1884.
John Day, 1884.
James Mitchell, 1884.
John Blowe, 1884.
Wm. C. Clarke, 1884.
J. GrilHth Howard, 1885.
John Wells, 188.5.
Edward Mills, 1885.
Charles G. Barto, 1885.
Thomas A. Wilson, 1885.
James M. Fitzgerald, 1885.
Richard Hyde, 1385.
Wra. C. Clarke, 1885.
John M. Powell, 1886.
Abram L. Thorn, 1886.
Joseph L. Moore, 1880.
Charles G. Barto, 1886.
Thos. Gordon, 1880.
Isaac Sharp, 1880.
Joseph A. Starr, 1886.
Wm. C. Clarke, 1880.
The following is a list of the naiue.s of the
freeholders of Newton townsliip fmni 1723
to 1821. There is no record prior to that
time, —
Free)toUer» fy,
Joseph ('oopor, 1724.
Thos. Sharp, 1724.
John Kay, 1725.
John Kaighne, 1725.
John Hinclinmn, 1726.
Wm. Cooper, 1726.
Joseph Cooper, 1727.
Joseph Cooper, .Tr., 1727.
Robert Zaiie, 1728.
John Kaiglin, 1728.
Wn). Cooper, 1729.
John Kaighn, 1720.
Robert Zane, 1730.
John Kaighn, 1730.
Robert Zane, 1731.
John Kaighn, 1731.
Robert Zane, 1732.
John Kaighn, 1732.
Tobias Holloway, 1733.
Joseph Kaighn, 1733.
James llinchman, 1734.
Timothy Matlack, 1734.
.loscph Kaighn, 1735.
IsJiac Cooper, 1735.
Timothy Matlack, 1736.
Joseph Kaighn, 1730.
Timothy Matlack, 1737.
Joseph.Kaighn, 1737.
Timothy Matlack, 1738.
James Hinchman, 1738.
, 1742.
, 1743.
, 1743.
1 AVictoii Tomiship.
Joseph Kaighn, 1739.
James Hindi ]nan, 1730.
Timothy Matlack, 1740.
Robert Hubbs, 1740.
Isaac Cooper, 1741.
Ebenezer Hopkins, 1741.
Robert Stephens, 1742.
Ebenezer Hopkii
Robert Stephc
Kbenener Hopkii
Timothy Matlack, 1744.
Joseph Ellis, 1744.
Timothy Matlack, 1745.
Samuel Clement, 174.1.
Samuel Clement, 1746.
Isaac Smith, 1746.
Robert Stephens, 1747.
Joseph Ellis, 1747.
Robert Stephens, 1748.
Samuel Clement, 1748.
Robert Stephens, 1749.
Kbenezer Hopkins, 1749.
Ebenezer Hopkins, 17.50-51.
Robert Stephens, 1750-51.
Kbenezer Hopkins, 1752.
Isiuic Albertson, 1752.
Ebenezer Hopkins, 1753.
Isaac Cooper, 1763.
Ebenezer Hopkins, 1754.
Robert Stephens, 17.'i4.
Ebenezer Hopkins, 1756-50.
Isaac Cooper, 1755-50.
Joseph Ellis, 1757.
Archibald Mickle, 1757.
Isaac Mickle, 1758-59.
Jacob Clement, 1758-B9.
Isaac Mickle, 1760-61.
John Hopkins, 1700-01.
John Gill, 1762.
Joseph Cooper, 1702.
John Gill, 1763.
David Bronson, 1703.
Isaac Mickle, 1764-65.
Samuel Clement, Jr., 1704-05.
David Branson, 1706-76.
Isaac Meckle, 1766-76.
John Gill, 1777.
John E. Hopkins, 1777.
John Gill, 1778.
Jacob Stokes, 1778.
Jacob Stokes, 1770.
Joseph tboper, 1770.
Isaac Mickle, 1780.
John Litle, 1780.
Isaac .Mickle, 1781.
John Middleton, 1781.
Joseph Cooper, 1782-83.
John Middleton, 1782-83.
John Gill, 1784-85.
John Middleton, 1784-85.
John Gill, 1786.
J. E. Hopkins, 1780.
J"hn Gill, 1787-88.
Edward Gibbs, 1787-88.
Marraaduke Cooper, 1789-01.
Edward Gibbs, 1789-91.
James Sloan, 1701-93.
Samuel- Cooper, 1792-93.
James Sloan, 1794.
John E. Hopkins, 1794.
John E. Hopkins, 1795-97.
Joseph Mickle, 1795-97.
James Hopkins, 1798-99.
Jacob Stokes, 1798-99.
Jacob Stokes. 1800-2.
Marmaduke Burr, 1803.
James Hurley, 1800-2.
John Ward, 1803.
Jacob Stokes, 1804-6.
James Hurley, 1804-0.
James Hurley, 1807-10.
Samuel Clement, 1807-10.
James Hurlej-, 1811-15.
Joseph Kaighn, 1811-15.
Joseph Kaighn, 1816.
Wm. E. Roberts. 1810.
Joseph Kaighn, 1817-19.
.Tames Hurley, 1817-19.
John Roberts, 1820.
James Cooper, 1820.
Joseph Kaighn, 1821.
John Roberta, 1821.
Jesse W. Starr, 1857.
Williant D. Rogers, 1857.
Jesse W. Starr, 1858.
Samuel S. Willits, 1858.
Samuel S. Willits, 1859-05.
The records of the township from 1821 to
about 1870 are missing. The following are
the names of the freeholders from 1844 to
18G5, when Haddoii township was erected :
John Clement, 1S44-45.
Samuel M. Reeves, 1844-45.
Samuel M. Reeves, 1840-54.
Joseph B. Tatcm, 1840-54.
Richard W. Snowdon, 185.5-56.
Samuel M. Hinchman, 1855-56.
The following persons re2)resented the re-
maining part of Newton township until its
annexation to Camden, in 1871 :
Henry Davis, 1865. Henry Davis, 1867-08.
Michael Creely, 1866. Thomas Q. Moffett, 1860-70.
Haddon township was represented by
Richard Snowdon from its organization, in
1867, until his death, in January, 1883;
since that time Samuel Wood has occupied
the position.
J^cehohlcm of Union Township.
1856 to 1800. —Benjamin S. Mc
Collister.
1856-57. — Alexander McKenzie.
18.58.— John Redlield.
1801.— Samuel T. Murphy.
1S44.-JohnD. Glover.
Abraham Lippincott.
1845.— Edward C. Gibbs.
Abraham Lippincott.
1846.-Jonallian Williams
Kdward C. Gibbs.
1847. — Abraham Lippincott.
1848 to 1854.— John I). Glove:
1848, — .Alexander McKenzie.
1849 to 1854— Cooper P.Browning 1808.— Thomas Uallam.
1855 -Moses G. Boston, 1809.— Samuel T. Mnvphy
.loci C. Reynolds.
1802 to 1865.— William S. McC«l-
lister.
1866.— Samuol Tatera.
1867. — Benjamin S. McCollister.
CIVIL LI8T.
1S7I1-71. — luliu ('. Sting.111.
1872.— William Emery.
1873-74.— Saiiiiul T. Murphy.
1875. — Jolin C. Stinsoti.
1,S76.— Samuel T. Muipby.
1877-79.— James C. Dobbs.
1879-80.— Hugli J. Gorman.
il.T Cily.
18S1.— Patrick lli-aley.
Firat Waril, IHSi.-IIugb Mullia.
Firat Ward, 188:1-84.- Tlios. Moss.
Fil-st Ward, lS8,i-Sli.— David J.
Dorau.
Second Ward, ISSi to 188ii.— Pat-
rick Mealey.
Freehutdcrs from StocJitOH Totimship.
Asa P. Horner, 18i9.
John W. Potts, lSi;0-IV2.
William Carter, 18G:l-U5.
John J. Lawrence, 180C-08.
Joel Horner, 1809-7:).
John W. Potts, 1871-76.
FreehuUersfroi
John I. Githens, 1850-54.
Richard Stafford, 1850-54.
John I. Githens, 1855-50.
Joseph L. Thackara, 1855-56.
Nixon Davis, 1857.
Joseph L. Thackara, 1857.
Joel Clement, 1877.
Jacob L. Gross. 1878-80.
John L. Smith, 1881.
Asa P. Horner, 1883.
John L. Smith, 188:i-S0.
I W:i.ter/„rd Township.
Joel P. Kirkbride, 1868.
Joseph Porter, 1859-60.
Joseph L. Thackara, 1861-67.
Samuel S. Cake, 1808-72.
Joseph L. Thackara, 1879-84.
James C. Bishop, 188,5-80.
Freeholders from Centre township,-
John D. Glover, 1855.
Cooper P. Browning, 1855.
John P. Brick, 185G.
Charles L. Willits, 1856.
Samuel P. Lippincott, 1858.
Zebedee Nicholson, 1858.
Abraham Itowand, 1860-62.
Benjamin Shivere, 1863.
Abraham Rowaud, 1864.
Chalkly Glover, 1866-08.
James Bell, 1870.
Jos. M. Haines, 1872-74-76-
John Gill, Jr., 1880-81.
James Davis, 1882-84.
John D. Glover, 1885-86.
Freeholders from Gloucester townsliip. The
early township records being lost, only the
names of freeholders elected in the township
since 1863 could he obtained, —
Richard F. Batten, isoii.
T. J. Wentz, 1804-65.
Joshua Sickler, 1806-07.
Charles Bucknian, 1808-05
Daniel Turner, 1871-72.
Hiuch]uan Lippincott, 187
Jos. C. Lippincott, 187.'i-70.
Edward Union, 1877-78.
T. J. Wentz, 1879-80.
Henry Steward, 1881-80.
Benjamin Tomlinson, 1881-80.
Gcorgo H. Higgins, 1881-S6.
Mei'chantville was not entitled to a free-
holder until 1 885, when a special act was passed
by tiie Legislature creating the office for that
borough. Charles B. Coles was elected in
1885 and Charles P. Spangler in 1886.
Freeholders from Delaware township, —
Jacob Troth, 1844.
Joseph Kay, Jr., 1844.
John M. Haino», 1847.
Benjamin W. Cooper, 18-
Abel Fowler, 1848.
Aaron Moore, 1849.
JobB. Kay, 18.51.
Benjamin Horner, 1851.
Asa P. Horner, 1856.
Isaac Roberts, 1858.
Richard Shivers, 18li3.
Isuic W. Nicholson, 1S70.
Hugh Sharp, 1881.
William Gratr, 1884.
William Graff, ISS5.
Freeholders from Winslow townsliip, —
Andrew K. Hay.
Jacob Ware, Sr.
Charles H. French.
Matthias S. Simmernian.
Ezra Stokee.
Samuel Norcross.
Joseph Shreve.
John J. Sickler.
Isaac S. Peacock.
Uzical Barefcird.
John Carroll.
I. F. Bodine.
George R. Pl-att.
Ziba Cain.
Andrew Ro.ss.
Andrew P. Ware
John R. Dublc.
CENSUS OF CAMDEN COUNTY.
1850
9,()18
2,421
3,378
3,284
Camden City
Newton township
Haddon township'
Gloucester township.
Union township
Centre township
Gloucester City
Delaware townsliiji
Stockton township I
Waterfonl township 1,639
Winslow township 1,540
Washington township
Monroe township
Merchantville township '
2,578
Total
11,217
3,353
2,123
2,453
1,158
1,593
1,855
2,350
14,368
4,055
2,320
2,865
1,305
1,002
1,473
1,955
] ,800
1,307
1,417
25,422 29,160
34,457
1805
18,313
2,547
1,560
2,355
3,773
1,267
1,779
1,350
1,940
1,473
1,177
810
20,045
8,437
1,926
2,710
1,718
3,682
1,625
2,381
2,071
2,050
1,567
1,664
33,852
2,541
2,C01
1,261
5,105
1,358
2,106
2,003
1,887
41,569
2,551
2,527
1,538
5,347
1,481
3,093
2,145
2,158
52,884
3,270
2,542
1,723
5,966
1,572
3,709
2,098
2,180
7(i,685
'Haddon township was formed from Newton; Centre from Union and Gloucester, in 1855;
Gloucester City from Union, in 1868; Stockton from Delaware, in 1859; Washington and Monroe annexed
to Gloucester County ; Merchantville was erected from parts of Delaware and Stockton, and Newton was
annexed to Camden, in 1871.
192
IILSTURV OF CAMDEN COUNTS, NEW JERSEY.
Census of Gloucester County 1732 to 1840 :
1737,3207; 1745, 3506; 1790, 13,363;
1800, 19,744.
1810
1820
1830
1840
Esg Harbor*
Galloway*
I8;iu
1048
10.5
1803
S77
781
3281
2099
1137
3113
2il0
29i;o
1424
1270
3S99
2657
1574
3033
Wejmoutl.*
win
2978
2sr,a
2570
2837
Sous
"vj:"\
2059
602
2497
2332
686
3298
2837
(iloiicetjter townnhip
1803
1074
■2106
2417
3088
3467
19,189
23,089
28,431
25,445
' Stt off to Atlantic County, 1837.
David B. Brown, surrogate of Camden
County since 1866, was born in the village
of Blackwood, Camden county, on the 21st of
March, 1833. His grandfather, John Brown,
was a shoemaker, and according to the custom
of his day, passed from house to house
through the southern part of the county, at-
tending to the duties of his trade.
George Brown, the father of Surrogate
Brown, was married to Mary Beckley, whose
ancestors were Germans. His trade was
that of a wheelwright, though he spent much
of his time in shipping cord-wood to Phila-
delphia and there selling it.
Surrogate Brown obtained his education in
the schools of his native place, taught school
for a short time, and then engaged in farm-
work until he arrived at the age of twenty-
eight years. In 1861, when the call for
troops from the Northern States was made by
President Lincoln for the defense of the
Union, Mr. Brown was one of those brave
spirits who was quick to respond. He went
to Trenton with a companion and was en-
listed on May 21, 1861, as a private in Com-
pany D of tlie Third llcgiinent of New Jer-
sey Infantry. He and his comrade were the
last two needed to complete the company,
most of whose members were; from Sussex
Cdiiiitv and (lie northeastern counties of
Penn.sylvania. The regiment in which Mr.
Brown enlisted, together with the First,
Second and Fourth, formed the Fir.st Bri-
gade of New Jersey Infantry in the three
years' service and vvas sent to the defense of
Washington, was within hearing distance of
the first battle of Bull Run, though not
actively engaged. He participated with his
regiment in the Seven Days' Battle and other
severe engagements of the Peninsular Cam-
paign, under General McClellan ; was then
transferred up the Potomac Hivcr to Alex-
andria, where it engaged in a skirmish, and
subsequently, during the year 1862, the sec-
ond battle of Bull Run, the first battle of
Fredericksburg and the battle of Chantilly.
He was promoted sergeant of his com-
pany and in the severe engagement at Salem
Church, near Fredericksburg, he was severely
wounded by a riflo-ball fracturing the ulna
bone of his right forearm. While making his
way to the rear of his regiment, after receiv-
ing his wound, he unexpectedly fell into the
hands of the enemy, and placed in a Confed-
erate field hospital. While there his wound
wjis dressed, the ulna being removed by Dr.
Todd, of Georgia, a surgeon in the Southern
army and a brother-in-law of President Lin-
coln. At the expiration of eight days Ser-
geant Brown was paroled and first sent to a
field hospital, then to a ho.spital at Washing-
ton and later to Chestnut Hill Hospital, near
Philadelphia, where he filled out his term of
enlistment, and was discharged May 12,
18(!J. In the mean time, after his wound had
partially healed, he served on guard duty at
the hospital.
(Jn May 5, 186(5, Mr. Brown was ap-
pointed surrogate of Camden County by
Governor Ward, to fill the unexpired term
of Isaac L. IjOwc, who died in office. He
was elected to the office of surrogate in No-
vember, 1866, and re-elected in 1871, in
1876 and in 1881, having served continu-
ously in the .same office for a period of twenty
vears, which in itself is a strikina; evidence
<J%^</T> ("A
-^ m lyo^i^
CIVIL LIST.
193
ot liis ability aud efficiency to perform its
onerous duties and of the confidence reposed
in him by his constituents.
Mr. Brown was married, in ISfiS, to Mary
Oliver, of Camden, though a native of Bur-
lington County, who died three years later,
fn 1873 he was married to Mary E. Haines,
of Burlington County, by whom he has two
children, Bes.sie and George S.
Mr. Brown and his family are members of
the Methodist Church, and he is a mcmi)er
of T. M. K. Lee Post, No. o, G. A. R., of
Camden.
RiniERT F. Stucktox Hkath was born
in the city of Philadelphia August 20, 1842,
and is a sou of the late Andrew Heath, well-
known as one of the first conductors of the
Camden and Araboy Railroad. His prepar-
atory education was acquired in the schools
of Philadelphia and Camden, and he then
entered the Philadelphia High School, from
which institution he was graduated. He
l>egan business as an employee with the firm
of Thomas White & Co., prominent mer-
chants of Philadelphia, engaged in the job-
bing millinery trade on Second Street, above
Chestnut, and then the leading firm in the
United States dealing in that line of goods.
He continued with this firm until the death
of Mr. White, when Lincoln, Wood &
Nichols became the successors, and removed
the establishment to 725 Chestnut Street, and
Mr. Heath was given charge of the manu-
facturing department. Upon the dissolution
of this firm he became associated with P. A.
Harding in the same business, from ISfil to
ISG-"), and then with Thomas Morgan & Co.
(Mr. Heath being the company) until the
death of the senior partner.
In 1875 he associated as co-partner in the
firm of G. P. Muller & Co., and engaged in
the manufactin-e of straw goods at 513 and 530
Arch Street, which firm dissolved by limita-
tion at the expiration of eight years, and Mr.
Heath, in 1 883, began and has since continued
the manufacture of ladies' straw goods at an
extensive establishment, ',tl5 l-'illici-t Street, in
which he has about onr iiiiiKlrtd and thirty
workmen constantly employed. He has fifty
sewing-machines running, liy which all vari-
etiesofbraid arescwed lo the straw goods. The
sizing, blocking and finishing at his factory
are all done by steam-power, antl the color-
ing and the pleating of the; goods are done in
the works. A twelve horse-power engine
and a twenty horse-power boiler drive the
machiuery, and long lines of shafting and
floors are used for healing j)urpo.ses in the
drying-rooms. The manufactured goods are
.sold in all the large cities of the Union
from the home office, through a branch house
in New York, and by resident salesmen in
Pitt.sburgh, St. Louis anil Chicago. His
business career has been marked by con-
tinued success, and as a manufacturer his ad-
vice and opinions are freciuently sought for
by others and his Judgment considered good.
In 1881 Mr. Heath was elected by the
Democratic party to rejiresent the First Dis-
trict of Camden County in the State Legis-
lature, and after serving with ability aud
credit for one term, was offered a re-election,
which, on account of the pressing duties of
his own business affairs, he was compelled to
decline. At the solicitation of members of
both the dominant political j)arties, in 1885,
he accepted the nomination and was elected
register of deeds for Camden County, to
serve for a term of five years, a position
which he now (1886) fills with great ac-
ceptance to his constituents.
In 1864 Mr. Heath was married to
Josephine, the youngest daughter of Captain
Constant Waithmau. Their children are
Emma, Matilda (deceased) and Clara. The
entire family are members of St. Paul's Epis-
copal (Jhurch, of Camden, of which Mr.
Heath is a vestryman. Pie is a prominent
member of the IMasonic fraternity, and of
the order of Odd-Fellows, and assisted in or-
ganizing the Knights of Pythias in New Jer-
sey, being the first Grand Chancellor of that
194
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
order in the State. ITiider tlie old militia
system he was captain of Company C, of the
Second Battalion, under Col. McKeen, and
afterwards held the commission as captain of
Comjjany B, of the Sixth Regiment, under
Col. W. J. Sewell.
Edward Burrough is a son of Joseph
A. and Mary H. Burrough, and was born
upon the farm where he now resides,
in Delaware township, midway between
Merchantville and Colestown, September
5, 1848. He is a member of the fifth gen-
eration who have been in possession of that
farm in continuous succession, and from reli-
able data is of the same family of Burroughs
that Edward Burrough, the eminent minister
of the Society of Friends (contemporary with
George Fox), came from. All of his ances-
tors on both sides were members of the
Society of Friends, and although by a pecu-
liar decree of their Discipline he is not a
member of it, yet iiis religious affiliations
remain with tiiat society, under which
he was reared. He was given such advan-
tages for acfjuiring an education as the
district schools of his youth afforded, going
to school during the winter months and
working upon the farm during the other
portions of the year until he reached iiis
seventeenth year, when he was sent to the
Friends' Academy, at Haddoufield, for two
winters, and continued to work upon
the farm during the summer months.
In the fall of 1862 he entered Treemont
Seminary, at Norristown, Pa., and completed
hi.s .scholastic course in a five months' term.
Notwithstanding his hap-hazard opportuni-
ties, he has acquired a fair education, and he
still continues Iiis studious habits. Mr.
Burrough was a strong Unionist during the
Rebellion, having imbibed from his ancestors
their abolition principles. On July To, 18(54,
he was one of the company of minute-men
who left Camden for the defen.se of Baltimore
under the command of Captain R. H. Lee,
and was mustered into the service of the
United SUites and assigned to duty at Fort
Dix, near the Relay Hou.se, on the Baltimore
and Ohio Railroad ; they were attached to
the First Separate Brigade, Eighth Army
Corp,s, under Major-Geueral Lew Wallace,
General E. B. Tyler lieing their brigade-
commander. At the expiration of their term
of .service they returned to Camden and were
regularly mustered out.
In the spring of 1865 his father died, which
event prevented his return to the army and
compelled him to at ont^e begin the business
of farming, and altliough .scarcely twenty-one
years of age, and loaded with heavy responsi-
bilities, he at once applied hi.s energies to
lightening his burden and securing him.self a
home. Being imbued with the idea that
fanning in New Jersey was as honoralile a
calling as any other pursuit, and that
fanners as a class should learn to honor their
business, he took an active interest in
organizing the '' Farmers' A.ssociation " of
this county in 1872, and has been an active
advocate of the many reforms instituted and
carried out by that association, among which
was the removal of the calf and stock mar-
kets from Philadelphia to Camden, which
was .soon followed by locating a hay and
calibage market on this side of the river.
He was also instrumental in bringing about
an amicable arrangement with the ferry
companies, whereby a reduction in the rates
on teams was secured. His activity in
these matters soon attracted the attention
of the farmers of Burlington County, and
agaiiLSt his wishes he was elected a director
of the Moorestown Agricultural Society, and
.soon after its vice-jinwident, a position he
resigned in the spring of 1886. He had
several years been a member of the execu-
tive committee of the State iioard of Agri-
(mlture, and in February, 1886, he was elected
jiresident of the ]ioard, thus placing him at
the head of the agricultural interests of the
State.
In 1867 he was elected clerk of Delaware
CIVIL LIST.
195
towiisliii), vvhieli pusitioii lu- lielil until tlie
fall of 1878, wheu he resigned upon reeeiving
the uoniination for the Assembly, to which he
was elected for two terms.
In 1870 he was appointed an assistant mar-
shal to take the ninth United States census
of Delaware, Stockton and Haddon town-
ships. When the State was redistricted, in
coiifonnitv with the present j)iiblic school
laws, he exerted himself to have proper
school facilities afforded the neiglihorhood, in
which he lived, and succeeded in securing a
district school, and was appointed a trustee
by the first county superintendent of Camden
and Burlington Counties (in which latter
county the school building is situated) ; this
]i<>sition he resigned at the annual meeting,
t)ut the ne.Ktyear, against his earnest protest,
he was elected a trustee, and still continues
in that position, and for the last five years
has been clerk of the district.
In 1873 he was appointed chairman of the
Centennial Committee of the West Jersey
Farmers' CJonference Club, which coiumittee
was also appointed an auxiliary Board for
Camden and Burlington Counties by the
Centennial Bt)ard of Finance. This positi(^n
brought him in accpiaintance witli those in
charge of this department of the great
E.xposition and familiarized him with their
arduous duties, and the efforts put forth
by the citizens of Philadelphia to com-
plete the buildings and make the Kxposition
a suc(«ss.
In 1S78, he was solii^ited by his i)oliti('al
friends to become a candidate for the Legis-
lature, and after considei-able hesitancy con-
sented, and received the nomination of his
party in the first Assembly District, and was
elected by a majority of one thousand four
hundred and eighty-one, being the largest
majority ever given to a member of the As-
sembly in New Jersey. A redistricting of
the State followed his election, which |)laced
him in the Second Assembly district. And
in the fall of 187'J he was again nominated by
the l\epublicans, and although a decided off
year in politics, there being only his own and
the county collector's name on the ticket (and
the (!anvass consequently a very (juiet one),
he was again elected by nearly four hundred
majority. His career in the Legislature was
without spot or blemish, and proved very
satisfactory to his constituents, and threw
him into the acquaintance of the prominent
men of the State of all parties, the respect of
whom he ever after maintained. Never of
robust health, lie yet po.sse.ssed a sort of
wiry constitution, which for twenty years
enabled him to [)erforrn the work of a much
stronger man. He eventually overrated his
strength, which brought on a series of heart
troubles that prevented him from performing
further manual labor. He became a candi-
date for the ofiice of county clerk in the fall
of 1885. Always a Republican and an ac-
tive partisan, he yet never sought an office
until he asked the support of his friends for
the position above-mentioned. He was sin-
gularly successful in his canvass for the nom-
ination, and received the entire vote of the
conventiou. Owing to a combination of cir-
cumstances over which he had no control, the
campaign was an apathetic one and the vote
of his party a very small one. He, however,
was elected by a small majority, which led
his opponents to perpetrate infamous frauds
to overcome his majority. Feeling confident
that he was fairly and legally elected, he
])rocured able coiuisel and prosecuted the
case to a successful termination, and on the
li5th day of February, 1880, he was didy
commissioned and qualified as County Clerk
of the County of Camden, which position he
still holds. He maintains his residence upon
his farm, where it is his desire to end his
existence.
(In every position that he held he always
recognized the rights of all parties in his
ofiicial acts, maintaining that a,s they were
alike expected to obey the laws, they were
equally entitled to l)c heard ; that as an
196
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
office-holder he was as much the servant of
the minority as he was of the majority ;
but upou strict party issues he was always a
firm adherent to the party to which he was
allied.)
On tiie 23rd of November, 1870, he mar-
ried Emily Collins, only child of William
and Martha Collins, of Moorestown, Burling-
ton County. No children have ever rewarded
their union, and they are obliged to remain
without the endearing prattle of childish
voices ill their large country home. Edward
Burrough has but one sister, the wife of
the present Deputy County Clerk, and slie,
like himself, is childless.
CHAPTER XIII.
the benf'fi and bar of camdex cotnty.
Outline of Early Legal History of
New Jersey. — After tlie settlement of the
dispute between John Fenwick (who had ac-
quired of Lord John Berkley the undivided
one-half of New Jersey) and the creditors of
Edward Byllynge (February 9, 1674), steps
were taken by those interested to procure a
division of the territory. This was done by
a quintipartite deed, dated July 1, 1G76,
made between the proprietors of East New
Jersey and the proi)rietors of West New
Jersey, which fixed the boundary. This
made two separate and distinct provinces of
the original territory, each of which estal)-
lished a government of its own, with legis-
lative, judicial, and executive powers. The
proprietors and own(!rs of West New Jersey
issued (March 3, 167G) their "concessions
and agreements " in forty-four chapters,
somewhat in the nature of a constitution, and
upon which all the laws ])assed by tiie legis-
lature should be based. These governments
were separately maintained until 1702, when
the inhal)itants of bolli |>nivinces joined in a
petition to Queen Anne ol' England, to as-
sume the government. The surrender was
signed April 15, 1702, and two days after
the Queen accepted it, and November 14th,
in the same year, appointed Edward Lord
Cornbury, Captain-General and Governor of
the Province of Nova Ctesarea, or New Jer-
sey in America.
This was the commencement of a new
epoch in the history of the courts of New
Jersey ; and the commission and instructions
delivered by Queen Anne to Lord Cornbury,
as the first Governor of the new colony,
were, in fact, its second Constitution. In these
instructions the attention of the Governor
was especially called to the laws which he
might find in existence, and concerning them
he is enjoined as follows : " You are with all
convenient speed to cause a collection to be
made of all the Laws, Orders, Rules, or such
as have hitherto served or been reputed as
Laws amongst the Inhabitants of our said
Province of Nova Oraarea or New Jersey,
and together with our aforesaid Council and
Assembly, von are to revise, correct and
amend the same, as may be necessary."
Concerning the passage of laws by the
General Assembly, it is remarkable that at
that early period a ])nivisii)n should have
been tnade in this Constitution, the omission
of whiili in the Constitution of 1776 was so
seriously felt, that it was introduced into the
Constitution of 1844, and may now be found
in nearly all the Constitutions of the ditfer-
eut States of tlie I'nion. It is in regard to
the intermixing of dillerent laws in one and
the same act, and is as follows: " You are
also, as nuich as possible, to observe in the
passing of all Laws, that whatever may be
requisite upon each ditftu'cut matter, be ac-
cordingly ])rovided for l)y a diiferent Law
without intermixing in one and the same
Act such Tilings as have no proper Relation
to each other ; and you are especially to take
care that no Clause or Clauses be inserted in
or annexed to any act which shall be foreign to
what the Title of such respective Act imports."
THE BENCH AND BAR.
197
The provi.'^ion ol' the Constitution of 1844
is evidently taken from the foregoing. It
is in these words : " To avoid improper
intluenoes which may result from intermix-
ing in one and the same aet such things as
have DO relation to each other, every law
shall embrace but one object, and that shall
be expressed in the title."
In the matter of erecting courts or offices
of judicature, it is curious that the com-
mission of the Governor and his instructions
siiould be so much at variance. In the
instructions he is commanded as follows:
" You shall not erect any Court or Office of
.ludicature, not before erected or established,
witliout our especial Order." In his com-
mission, on the other hand, we find as fol-
lows : " And do further give and grant unto
you full Power and Authority, with the
Advice and Con.sent of our said Council, to
erect, con.stitute and e.stabli.sh such and so
many Courts of Judicature and Public Jus-
tice within our .said Province under your
Government as you and they shall think tit
and necessary for the hearing and determin-
ing of all Causes as well Criminal as Civil,
according to Law and Enuity, and for
awarding execution thereupon with all
reasonable and neces.sary Powers, Authorities,
Fees, and Privileges belonging unto them.''
Bv virtue, then, of his commission, which
conferred upon him and his C'ouncil powers
hitiierto enjoyed by the General AsKend)ly,
the (lovernor promulgated in 1704 the first
'■ ( )rdinancc of I'jstablishing Courts of Judi-
cature," whiili really forms the foundation
of tlie wiiolc judicial system of New Jer.sey.
"All that has been done from tliat day to
tiiis," .says Judge Field in his discourse be-
fore mentioned, " has been to fill up, as it
were, the outlines which he sketched ; to add
some additional apartments to the judicial
edifice which he constructed."
This ordinance, which was, perhaps, un-
known, certainly unnoticed, not only i)y the
iiistorians of New Jersey, but by those who
have written upon its courts of justice, is .so
interesting that it is here given in full, as it
appears in the appendix to Judge Field's
discourse, where it was printed for the first
time since its publication in 1704, —
An Ordinance for Establishino CoirRTs of
Judicature.
Whereaji, her most Sacred Majesty, Anne, by the
Grace of God, Queen of England, Scotland, France
and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c., by her
Royal Letters Patents, bearing date the fifth day of
December, in the first year of Her Majesty's
Reign, did, among other things therein mentioned,
give and grant unto his Excellency, Edward Vis-
count Cornbury, Captain-General and Governour--
in-Chief in and over the Province of Nova C'asarea,
or New Jersey, &c., full Power and Authority,
with the Advice and Consent of her Majesty's
Council of the said Province, to erect, constitute
and establish such and so m.any Courts of Judica-
ture and public Justice within the said Province
and Territories depending thereon, as his said
Excellency and C'ouncil shall think fit and neces-
sary, for the Hearing and Determining of all
Causes, as well Criminal as Civil, according to
Law and Equity, and for awarding Execution
thereupon, with all necessary Powers, Authorities,
Fees and Privileges belonging to them.
His Excellency, the Governour, by and with
the advice and Consent of her Majesty's Council,
and \>y Virtue of the Powers and Authorities
derived unto him by her said Majesty's Letters
Patents, doth by these Presents Ordain, and it i.i
hereby Ordained by the Authority aforesaid, That
every Justice of the Peace that resides within any
Town or County within this Province, is by these
Presents fully empowered and authorized to have
Cognizance of all Causes or Ca.ses of Debt and
Ties|)asses, to the Value of Forty ^Shillings, or
under ; which Causes or Cases of Debt and Tres-
passes, to the value of Forty Shillings or under,
shall and may be Heard, Try'd and finally Deter-
mined without a Jury, by every .lustice of the
Peace residing, as aforesaid.
The Process of Warning against a Free-holder or
luhabitant shall be by Summons under the Hand
of the Justice, directed to the Constable of the
Town or Precinct, or to any deputed by him, where
the parly complained against docs live or reside;
which Summons being personally served or left at
the Defendant's House, or his place of Abode, lour
daysbefore the hearing of the Plaint, shall be sufli-
cient Authority to and for the said Justice to proceed
198
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
to hear such Cause or Causes and Determine the
game in the Defendant's absence, and to grant
Execution thereupon against the Defendant's
Person, or for want thereof, his Goods and Chatties,
which the Constable, or his Deputy, of that Town
or Precinct, shall and may serve, unless some
reasonable excuse for the Parties absence appear
to the Justice.
And the Process against an Itinerant Person,
Inmate or Foreigntr shall be by Warrant from any
one Justice of the Peace, to be served by any
Constable, or his Deputy, within that County,
who shall by Virtue thereof arrest the Party, and
him safely keep till he be carried before the said
Justice of the Peace, who shall and may imme-
diately hear, try and finally determine of all such
Causes and Cases of Debt and Trespass, to the
Value of Forty Shillings, or under, by avvai-ding
Judgment and Execution ; and if payment be not
immediately made, the Constable is to deliver tlie
Party to the Slierifi", who is hereby required to
take him into Custody, and him safely keep till
payment be made of the same, with charges ;
Always Provided, That an Appeal to the Justices
at the next Court of Ses.sions held for this said
County, shall be allowed for any sum upwards of
Twenty Shillings.
And his said Excellency, by the advice and
consent aforesaid, doth by these Presents further
Ordain, That there shall be kept and holden a
Court of Common Pleas in each respective County
within this Province, which shall be holden in
each County at such place where the General
Court of Sessions is usually held and kept, to
begin immediately after the Sessions of the Peace
does end and terminate, and then to hold and con-
tinue as long as there is any business, not exceed-
ing three days.
And the several and resjiective Courts of Pleas
hereby established shall have power and .Furisdic-
tion to hear, try and finally determine all actions,
and all Matters and Thing3^ Tryable at Common
Law, of what nature or kind soever. Provided
always, and it is hereby Ordained, That there may,
and shall be an Api)eal or Removal by /lalicas
(Jorpus, or any other lawful Writ, of any I'er.son
or any Action or Suit depending, and of Judg-
ment or Execution that shall be determined in
the said respective Courts of Pleas, u|)wards of
Ten Pounds, and of any Action or Suit wherein
the Uiglit or Title of, in or to any Land, or any-
thing relating thereto, shall lie brought into Dis-
pute upon Tryal.
And it is further Ordained by the Authority afore-
said, That the General Sessions of the Peace shall
be held in each respective County within this
Province, at the Times and Places hereafter
mentioned, that is to say:
For the County of Middlesex-, at Amboy, the third
Tuesdays in February, May and August; and the
fourth Tuesday in November.
For the County of Bergen, at Bergen, the first
Tuesdays in February, May and August ; &nd the
second Tuesday in November.
For the County of Essex, at Newark, the second
Tuesdays of February, May and August ; and the
third Tuesday in November.
For the County of Monmouth, at Shrewsbury, the
fourth Tuesdays in February, May and August;
and the first Tuesday in December.
For the County of Burlington, at Burlington,
the first Tuesdays in March, June and September ;
and the second Tuesday in December.
For the County of Gloucester, the second Tues-
days in March, June and September ; and the third
Tuesday in December.
For the County of Salem, at Salem, the third
Tuesdays in March, Jtine and September ; and the
fourth Tuesday in December.
For the County of Cape May, at the house of
Shamger Hand, the fourth Tuesdays in March,
June and September, and the first Tuesday in Jan-
uary. Which General Sessions of the Peace in
each respective County aforesaid shall hold and
continue for any term not exceeding two days.
And be it further Ordained by the Authority afore-
said, That there shall be held and kept at the
Cities or Towns of Perth Amboy and Burlington
alternately a Supream Court of Judicature, which
Supream Court is hereby fully impowered to
have cognizance of all Pleas, Civil, Criminal
and Mixt as fully and amply, to all intents and
purposes whatsoever, as the Courts of (Queen's
flench. Common Pleas and Exchequer within her
Majesty's Kingdom of England have or ought to
have, in and to which Supream Court all and
every Per.son and Persons whatsoever shall and
may, if they .see meet, commence any Action or
Suit, the Debt or Damage laid in such Action
or Suit being upwards of Ten Pounds, and shall
or may by Certiorari, Habeas Corpus, or any other
lawful Writ, remove out of any of the respective
Courts of Sessions of the Peace or Common Pleas,
any information or Indictment there depending,
orjudgmi-nt thereupon given or to be given in any
Criminal Matter whatsoever cognizable before
them, or any of them, as also all Actions, Pleas or
Suits, real, personal or mixt, depending in any of
the said Courts, and all Judgments thereupon
given, or to be given. Provided Always, T^hat the
THE BENCH AND BAR.
Action, or Suit, depending, or Judgment given Ije
upwards of the Value of Ten Pounds, or that the
Action, or Suit, there depending or determined,
be concerning the Eight or Title of any Free-hold.
And out of the ottice of which Siiprcam (hurl at
Amboy and Burlington all process shall issue,
under the Test of the Chief Justice of the said
Court; unto which Office all Returns shall be
made. Which Sujircani Court shall be holden at
the Cities of Amboy and Burlington alternately,
at Amboy on the first Tuesilai/ in Maij, and at Rur-
liiic/lon on the first Tue.iday in November, annually,
and every year; and each session of the said Court
shall continue for any Term not exceeding five
days. And one of the Justices of the said Suprram
Court shall once in every year, if need shall so
require, go the Circuit, and hold and keep the said
Siipream Court, for the County of Berr/ni at fter-
f/rii, on the third Tutsday in Ajiril. For the
('iiunty oi EMex at Newark, on the fourth Tuesday
in April. For the County of JMoiimoutli at
Shrfwsbury, the second Tuesday in JIay. For
the County of Glouceatrr at Gloufi'ster, the thii'd
Tuesday in May. For the County of Salem at
Salem, the fourth Tuesday in May. For the
County of Cape May, at Shamger Hands, the first
Tuesday in June. Which Justice, when he goes
the Circuit, shall in each respective County be
assisted by two or more J ustices of the Peace dur-
ing the time of two days, whilst the Court, in the
Circuit, is sitting, and no longer.
And His further Ordained by the Authority afore-
8aid, That all and every of the Justices or Judges of
the several Courts afore-mentioned, be, and are
hereby sufficiently Impowered and Authorized to
make, ordain and establish all such Rules and
Orders, for the more regular practising and pro-
ceeding in the said Courts, as fully and amply, to
all intents and purposes whatsoever, as all or any
of the Judges of the several Courts, of the Quern's
Bench, Common Pleas and E.rrhnjiirr, in Km/land,
legally do.
And if iif further Ordained by the Authority afore-
said, that no Person's Right of Property shall be,
by any of the aforesaid Courts, Determined, ex-
cept where matters of Fact are either ac'knowl-
edged by the Parties, or Judgment confessed, or
passelh, by the Defendant's fault for want of
Plea or Answer, unless the Fact be found by
Verdict of Twelve Men of that Neighbourhood, as
it ought to be done by Law.
CORNBURY.
A Cimrt of Chancery always existed in
the State of New Jersey, although its powers
were not at first vested in a single piM'son.
During the pro[)rietary governtuent the
Court of Common Rights exercised ( 'hancery
powers and was virtually the Court of
Ciuuiceiy until KJitS. iSubsequi'nt to that
time, until 1705, this court was uinlouhtedly
held by the Governor and ('ouncil, and after
1705 its authority was vesteil in llie (ioNci-
nor, or Lieutenant-Governor, and three
members of the (Council. In 17 IS Gov-
ernor Hunter assumed the office of ciiau-
(iellor, and continued to exercise its authority
until his resignation, in 1720. Although
this act of (iovernor Hunter was condi'mned
by the people as an iniauthori/.ed assumption
of power, it received the approval of the
King's government, and was adopted Ijy his
successor, Governor Burnet, who took especial
delight in his duties as chancellor. Three
vears after the advent of Governor Franklin
an effort was made by him (1768) to secure
such action on the part of the Council and
General Assembly as would i)lace tlie Court
of Chancery on a better footing. He
called for a master of the rolls, a mas-
ter in Chancery for one division of the
province, two Masters in Chancery for the
other division and a sergeant-at-arms in
each division. But the General Assembly
caring little for the Court of Clianeery, paid
no further attention to the Governor's re-
(jUCSt.
Two years afterwards the (iovernor took
ihe matter in his own hands, and, by virtue
of the powers conferred iii)on him by his
commi.ssiou, with the advice and consent of
the Council, he adopted an ordinance c(jn-
cerning the Court of (Jhancery, by which he
appointed and commissioned such masters,
clerks, examiners, registers and other neces-
sary officers as were needed in the court.
There were no essential changes made in the
provisions of this ordinance, even by the Con-
stitution of July, 1776, which also united
the offices of Governor and chancellor, and
this union continued until the adoption of the
200
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
present Constitution, which separated these
two offices and allowed a (Jovernor to be
chosen from any of the professions or voca-
tions of life.
There is no evidence tliat, [)rior to ilti'.],
any previous term of study was re(|uired as a
qualification for admission to the bar. In
that year, during the administration of Gov-
ernor Cosby, it is said by Judge Field, in his
work already (pioted, " that it was provided by
an act of Assembly that no person should
be permitted to practice as an attorney-at-
law but such as had served an ap})renticesliip
of at least seven years with some able attor-
ney licensed to practice, or had ])ursued the
study of law for at least four years after com-
ing of full age." If any such law was at
that time passed it was no longer in force in
1752, as it does not appear in " Nevill's
Laws," published in that year. The provis-
ion referred to by Judge Field was probably
contained in the act entitled, " An Act for the
better Enforcing an Ordinance made for Fls-
tablishing of Fees and for Regulating the
Practice of the Law," which was disallowed
by the King in Council April :i, 1735.
Whatever has been ilone since that time to
keep " persons of mean parts and slender at-
tainments " out of the profession has been
done not by acts of the Legislature, but by
the rules of the Supreme Court.
The lawyers of New Jer.sey were the first
among all the inhabitants of the American
colonics to resist systematically those oppres-
sive measures on the part of England which
led to the Declaration of Independence and
the War of the Revolution. The first of the
most odious of these measures was the Stamp
Act, which was passed by the British Parlia-
ment March 22, ]7()5. Before the stamps
had yet arrived from Kngland the members
of the bar, at the September 'lY-rni of the Su-
preme Court (17()5), held at Ainboy, met and
resolved inianimously that they would not
use the stamps under any circumstances or
for any purpose whatsoever. When, at
length, the stamps arrived, the lawyers re-
fused to purchase them, and, as a matter of
course, the courts of justice were all closed
throughout New Jersey, (treat inconven-
ience and great dissatisfaction was the result,
not only in New Jersey, but in other colonies
where the example of the Jersey lawyers had
been followed. The people c()mj)lained and
societies were everywhere organized under
the name of " S(ins of Lil)ertv,"' wlio urged
the lawyers to go on with their business
without the use of stamps. ( )f the lawyers,
some were in favor of so doing and others
were o[)posed. A general meeting of the
bar was now called and held in New Bruns-
wick, February 13, 1766, and hundreds of
the Sons of Liberty were present to encour-
age the lawyers to disregard this tyrannical
act of Parliament, and to have the courts of
justice once more opened. The result was
that the meeting resolved that if the Stamp
Act was not repealed by the 1st of April
following, they would resume their practice
as usual. The British government, not ig-
norant of this bold stand taken by the law-
yers of New Jersey, repealed the odious act
before the day arrived when they would have
bid Parliament defiance.
Chief Justices of the Colonial Su-
preme Court of New Jersey. — Under the
first Constitution — that is, during the provin-
cial period of our history — no such office ex-
isted, nor wiis there any court corresponding
exactly with tiie Supreme Court erected
inidcr the ordinance promulgated by Lord
Cornbury in 1704. It was under this ordi-
nance that the office was created, and the first
session of the Supreme Court of New Jersey
was held at Burlington on tiic 7th day of
November, 1740. On that day the first
chief justice of New Jersey, Roger Mom-
pesson, took his seat upon the bench, with
William Pinhorne beside him as associate
judge. Their commissions were read and
the court then adjourned till the next dav,
when the sherilf of Burlington County re-
THE BENCH AND BAR
201
turned a grand jury, and a charge to them
was delivered by the chief justice.
The business of that session was, however,
very light. Not even one indictment was
found ; nor was there a single case ready for
trial. Some gentlemen, nevertheless, had
the courage to seek admission to the bar and
were admitted. The court then adjourned to
the first Tuesday of May succeeding.
Chief Justices of New Jersey Durixg
AND After the Kevolution. — After the
adoption of the Constitution of 1776 consid-
erable difficulty was experienced in organiz-
ing the courts of the new State. The Leg-
islature, in joint meeting, elected Richard
Stockton, an eminent lawyer and patriot, as
chief justice of the Supreme Court, but he
declined the appointment. A few days af-
terwards, September 4, 1776, the same body
elected John De Hart to that high office, and
although he accepted it, he finally declined
to enter upon its duties. On the same day
Samuel Tucker and Francis Hopkinson were
elected associate justices. Mr. Hopkinson,
who was at the time a delegate to the Con-
tinental Congress, declined ; but Mr. Tucker
accepted, and taking the oath of office, held
a term of court in November following. The
regular terms of the court just prior to this
time having been interrupted, acts of Assem •
bly were passed reviving and continuing the
process and [)roceedings depending therein.
Mr. Tucker did not continue long upon the
bench. A difficulty arose between him and
Governor liivingstone in regard to the dis-
appearance of a large amount of ))aper cur-
rency and other property in Mr. Tucker's
custody a-s State treasurer. Mr. Tucker's
allegation that he had been robbed of it by
a party of British horsemen, who had taken
him prisoner, was disputed by (Jovernor Liv-
ingstone and thereupon Mr. Tucker re-
signed his commission.
Associate Justices of tiik Supreme
Court. — The Constitution of New Jersey
adopted July 2, 1776, makes no mention of
26
the Supreme Court except to declare that
" The Judge.s of the Supreme Court shall
continue in office for seven years." Who
these judges might be, or how many, does
not appear and is not provided for. It is
true that this Constitution provides : " Sec-
tion XXL That all the laws of this province
contained in the edition lately published by
Mr. Allison (January 1, 1776) shall be and
remain in full force, until altered by the Leg-
islature of this colony (such only excepted
as are incompatible with this charter), and
shall be, according as heretofore, regarded in
all respects by all civil officers and others,
the good people of this province." What
appears to be the first act passed by tlie first
Legislature under the Constitution is as fol-
lows : " Be it therefore enacted by the Coun-
cil and General Assembly of this State,
and it is hereby enacted by the authority of
the same, that the several Courts of Law
and Equity of this State shall be confirmed
and established and continued to be held
with like powers under the present govern-
ment as they were held at and before the Dec-
laration of Independence lately made by the
honorable the Continental Congress."
There can be but little doubt that between
October 2, 1704, and November 6, 170n, the
Supreme Court was composed of a chief
justice and one associate justice, Mompes-
son and Pinhorne. Judge Field, in his
" Provincial Courts of New Jersey," savs
that they "were the only judges during the
administration of Lord Cornburv." These
two gentlemen were certainly on the bench
during all that period, which terminated in
1708 ; but the records of the Supreme Court
show that on November 6, 1705, two asso-
ciate judges were appointed, and that on
November 6, 1706, another associate jus-
tice was appointed, showing that the luuidier
of justices was not confined to two. To what
number the judges composing the Supreme
Court were limited does not appear in the
ordinance of Cornburv of 1704, nor in the
202
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
ordinance of Hunter, of 1714, nor in the
ordinance of Burnet, of 1724, 172;") and
1728. That this court was limited to a
chief justice and two associates until 1798
cannot be doubted. In that year it was made,
by an act of the General Assembly, to con-
sist of a chief justice and three associate
justices. On the 10th of March, 1806, this
act was repealed and the numlier of associate
justices was reduced to two. In 1838 the
number was increased to four, in 1855 it
was increased to six, and in 1 875 to eight.
The first division of the territory of West
New Jersey was into that of two counties—
Salem and Burlington, — but the people about
Arwamaumas (Gloucester) and the adjacent
territory, feeling that the courts and offices
were so far away, assembled themselves at
Gloucester (May 28, 1686) and established
the County of Gloucester, to consist of the
third and fourth tenths, and extending from
Pensaukin Creek to Oldmans Creek. In
1694 this action of the inhabitants received
legislative sanction and the same boundaries
were established. In 1844 the third tentli
(with the addition of Washington township)
was erected into the County of Camden ; but
as the townships of Washington and Monroe
have since been annexed to Gloucester County
the third or Irish tenth now constitutes Cam-
den County.
The Courts of Camden County. — The
early courts of old Gloucester County, which
of course had jurisdiction over the territory
now included in Camden, are described on
page ,31, e< sequiter, of this volume. The first
court held in ('amden County appears to
have been the March Term of the Oyer and
Terminer, 1845, and the following is the first
entry upon the record :
" Oamdeii Oyer & Terminer, So:.
" March Term, 1S4.').
" Tuesday, March 25, Court met at 10 a.m.
" Present, —
" The lion. Thomas P. Carpenter as judge, Isaac
Cole, James W. Sloan, Joseph C. Collins, Joseph
C. Stafford, Nathan M. Lippincott, William Brown,
Joel Wood & others, .Tudges.
" After the usual proclamation court was
opened. The Grand jury being called, the follow-
ing persons appeared and were duly qualitipd,
viz. :
" Isaac H. Porter. John Gill.
Edmund Brewer. Joshua P. Browning.
James W. Lamb. Ebenezer Toole.
Alexander Cooper. Joseph J. Smallwood.
.Toel Bodine. Edward P. Andrews.
Isaac Adams. .lames Jennett.
Gerrard Wood. David E. Marshall.
John M. Kaighn. Henry Allen.
Joseph G. Shinn. William Corkery.
.Tohn D. Glover. .lames D. Dotterer.
.Toseph H. Coles. Christopher Sickler.
" And being charged by .Judge Carpenter, they
retired to their chamber with Samuel C. Fox
and John Lawrence, Constables, to attend them.''
The first cause tried in the Court of Oyer
and Terminer was The State />•. Charles
May, Benjamin Jenkins and Edward Jen-
kins, an indictment for a.«sault and battery
on Isaac Shrive. The attorney-general ap-
peared for the prosecution and Thomas W.
Mulford for the defendants. Tlie suit re-
sulted in the conviction of the defendants.
The jury in this case consisted of Mark Bur-
rough, Enoch Tomlin, James G. Capeweli,
John Stafford, Elias Campbell, Azall M.
Roberts, William J. Hatch, Josiah H. Tice,
Alexander Wolohon, Daniel Albertson,
Aaron Middleton and Charles Wilson.
In the Court of (.Quarter Sessions, the No-
vember Term, 184.5, was the fir.xt court ;
opened at half-past nine o'clock on the lOtli
of the month ; present, Isaac Cole, presiding,
James W. Sloan, Jo.seph C. (^ollins, >;atlian
M. Lippincott, Joel Wood, Joshua Sickler
and William Brown, lay judges. The first
case brought was tlie State r.s. William Cox,
for a.ssault and battery on William Hugg.
Abraham Browning Esq., appeared as attor-
ney-general for the State and James B. Hay-
ton, Esq., for the defendant. The jury was
comj)osed of the following persons, viz.:
Joseph Warner, Isaac H. Tomlinsou, John
A. Ware, Joseph K. Rogers, Joseph Barrett,
THK bp:xch and bar.
203
Jolin Xewtoii, Jacob Haiiios, James Dobbs,
C'lialkley Haines, Kaiidall Nicholson, Jacob
Middleton, William Waiinan. They found
the defendant not guilty.
The records of the Circuit Court prior to
1852 have been lost, and hence the exact
date of its first session cannot be given, but
one was doubtless held in 1845.
Tiie present Court of Errors and Appeals,
the last resort in all causes in New Jersey,
was created by the new Constitution in 1844.
It is composed of the chancellor, the justices
of the Supreme Court an<l six other judges
specially appointed for that t'ourt, who are
usually lavmen. John Clement, of Haddon-
tield, Camden County, has been a lay mem-
ber of this (tourt since the year 18(34, when
he was first appointed.
The Supreme Court is composed of nine
justices, and the State is divided into the
same number of judicial districts, allotted
among the several justices. Camden County
is in the Second District, at this time pre-
sided over by Justice Joel Parker. Each
Supreme Court justice is sole judge of the
Circuit Court and ex-officio presiding judge
of all the other County Courts in his dis-
trict.
The Inferior Court of Common Pleas is
presided over by the law judge appointetl
for the county exclusive of the justices ot'
the Supreme Court. Prior to the adoption
of the new Constitution there was no limit
to the uiuuber of judges appointed for
the C^ourt of Common Pleas, and in some
counties they luunbered thirty or more
judges not learned in the law, any one
of whom alone could hold the court. But
Sec. G of Art. VI of the new Constitution
provided tliat there should be no more than
five judges of this court, aud in 1855 the Leg-
islature fixed the number exclusive of the
justice of the Supreme Court at three.
The Court of Oyer and Terminer is com-
posed of the justice of the Supreme Court
and one or more of the judges of the Court
of Common Pleas. It cannot be held with-
out the justice of the Supreme Court. The
Court of General Quarter Sessions of the
I'eace is composed of two or more of the
judges of the Court of Common Pleas and
does not require the presence of the Supreme
r\nirt justice.
The Orphans Court may be held by any
two judges of the C'ourt of Common IMeas.
Formerly all the county judges, excepting
the justices of the Su])reme Court, were lay-
men, and it was then the practice of such
justicesto preside in all the County Courtsin
all cases except some of the least import-
ance.
March 9, 18(39, the Legislature passed an
act entitled, " An Act to facilitate Judicial
proceedings in the county of Camden," em-
powering any two judges of the Court of
Common Pleas to try all persons charged
with offenses (excepting a few of the highest)
who were willing to forego the right of in-
dictment and trial by jury. At the time of
the enactment Asa P. Horner, a farmer of
Camden County, was the .senior lay judge of
the Court of Common Pleas of Camden
County, and to him fell the duty of com-
mencing the work of the special sessions
without the intervention of the jury, and for
several years a very brisk business was done
in the new special court which had do
regular terms, but was called to sit whenever
the prosecutor of tlie pleas had enough per-
sons charged with offenses willing to be tried
by the court without a jury, to justify it,
which was quite frequent.
The business of the several County Courts
increased to such an extent that in 1872 a
supplement was passed to the act of 1869,
providing that one of the three judges of the
Court of Common Pleas of Camden County
should be a counselor-at-law, and since that
date Camden County has had a special law
judge to preside in the Courts of Common
Pleas, the Orphans Court aud the General
and Special Courts of (c^uarter Sessions of
204
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
the Peace. And now the Supreme Court
justice seldom sits iu any Camden County
court except the Circuit Court and in the
Court of Oyer and Terminer, in which he is
required to sit for the trial of treason and
criminal homicide cases, which cannot be
tried in the Quarter Sessions.
The District Court of the City of Camden
was created by an act of the Legislature
pas.sed March 9, 1877, entitled, " An act for
constituting courts in certain cities of this
State." This court was given exclusive jur-
isdiction in all civil causes prior to its crea-
tion cognizable before justices o{ the peace.
Richard T. Miller was appointed as the first
judge of this court and on the expiration of
the first term was reappointed.
JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT.
Thomas P. Carpenter 1845-1852
Stacy G. Potts 1852-1859
John Van Dyke 1859-1866
George S. Woodhull 186C-1880
Joel Parker 1880-1887
PRESIDENT LAW JUDGES.
Charles P. Stratton 1872-1877
David J. Pancoast 1877-1882
Charles T. Reed 1882-1885
John W. Westcott 1885-
Lay Judges. — Following is a list of the
lay judges from the organization of the
county to 1886 :
1844.— Isaac Cole, Jauies W. Sloan, Joseph C.
Collings, Joseph C. Stafford, Nathan M. Lippin-
cott, William Brown, Joel Wood, John K. Cow-
perthwaite, Joel G. Clark, Joshua Sickler.
1846. — Richard Stafford, Isaac Doughten, Philip
J. Grey.
1847. — Jesse Smith.
1848. — Richard W. Suowden, Jesse Peter.sou,
Charles H. French.
1849.— James W. Lamb.
1850. — Philip J. Grey, Benjamin W. Cooper,
Richard W. Suowden , Jesse Peterson, James W.
Lamb.
1851. — Philip J. Grey, Richard W. Suowden,
Jesse Peterson, Benjamin W. Cooper, John K.
Cowperthwaite.
1852. — Jesse Peterson, Philip J. Grey, Ben-
jamin W. Cooper, John K. Cowperthwaite, William
Brown.
1853. — Philip J. Grey, Benjamin W. Cooper,
John K. Cowperthwaite, William Brown, .loseph
C. Stafford.
1854. — Philip J. Grey, John K. Cow|)erthwaite,
William Brown, Joseph C. Stafford, .lohn Clem-
ent, Jr.
1855. — John K. Cowperthwaite, Joseph C. Staf-
ford, John Clement, Jr.
1856. — John K. Cowperthwaite, Joseph C. Staf-
ford, John Clement, Jr.
1857. — John K. Cowperthwaite, Joseph C. Staf-
ford, John Clement, Jr.
1858. — John K. Cowperthwaite, John Clement,
Jr., James D. Dotterer.
1859. — John K. Cowperthwaite, James D. Dot-
terer, Joseph B. Tatem.
1860. — John K. Cowperthwaite, James D. Dot-
terer, Joseph B. Tatem.
1861. — John K. Cowperthwaite, James D. Dot-
erer, John Clement.
1862. — John K. Cowperthwaite, James D. Dot-
terer, John Clement.
1863.— John K. Cowperthwaite, James D. Dot-
terer, John Clement.
1864. — John K. Cowperthwaite, James D. Dot-
terer, Joel Horner.
1865. — John K. Cowperthwaite, James D. Dot-
terer, Joel Horner.
1866.— John K. Cowperthwaite, James D. Dot-
terer, Joel Horner.
1867. — James D. Dotterer, Joel Horner, Ralph
Lee.
1868-72.— Joel Horner, Ralph Lee, Joshua
Sickler.
1872. — Joshua Sickler, Asa P. Horner.
1878-76.— Asa P. Horner, Joseph B. Tatem.
1877. — Joseph B. Tatem, Joel Horner.
1878-84. — Joel Horner, Isaiah Woolston.
1884-86.— Isaiah Woolston, John Gaunt.
PROSECUTORS OF THE PLEAS.
Abraham Browning 1844-1849
Edward N. Jeffers,' 1849-1852
Thomas W. Mulford 1854-1859
George M. Robeson 1859-1864
Richard S. Jenkins 1864-1884
Wilson H. Jenkins 1884-
I.IST OF ATTORNEYS.
Oateij of adiuitHiou.
William N. Jeffers November, 1814
Thoma.s Clhapman November, 1815
Jeremiah H. Sloan February, 1821
Morris Croxall September, 1821
1 EJivaid X. Jeltors died iu 1652, and the cuuutj waawilliuula
prosecutor uutil 1864.
THE BENCH AND HAK.
205
Richard W. Howell September, 1827
Robert K. Matlaek November, 1827
Abraham Browning September, 1834
William D. Cooper February, 1841
Morris R. Hamilton September, 1842
Thomas W. Mulford November, 1843
James B. Dayton September, 1844
Thomas H. Dudley May, 184r.
Isaac Mickle May, 184r>
Charles H. Hollinshead April, 184iJ
Daniel E. Hough July, 1849
Alfred Hugg October, 1849
Charles W. Kinsey October, 1849
Isaac W. Mickle.. January, 1850
Philip H. Mulford January, 1851
Peter L. Voorhees November, 1851
Charles P. Stratton November, 1851
George M. Robeson February, 1854
Richard S. Jenkins November, 1855
Lindley H. Miller November, 1855
Marmaduke B. Taylor November, 185ti
James M. Scovel November, 1856
Alden C. Scovel November, 1856
Gilbert G. Hannah February, 1857
Philip 8. Scovel February, 1857
Samuel H. Grey November, 1857
Jacob Mulford June, 1858
John T. F. Peak November, 1861
Caleb D. Shreve November, 1861
Benjamin D. Shreve 1862
George W. Gilbert February, 1863
Samuel C. Cooper February, 1863
Joshua L. Howell November, 1863
Charles T. Reed June, 1865
Charles S. Howell June, 1865
J. Eugene Troth June, 1866
Martin V. Bergen November, 1866
Christopher A. Bergen November, 1866
George F. Fort November, 1866
Robert M. Browning November, 1867
Howard M. Cooper November, 1867
Richard T. Miller November, 1867
David J. Pancoast November, 1868
Samuel Davies February, 1869
James P. Young November, 1869
George N. Con row November, 1870
Alfred Flanders February, 1871
Herbert A. Drake June, 1871
James E. Hayes November, 1871
John W. Wright 1871
Robert F.Stockton, Jr February, 1872
James H. Carpenter November, 1872
Wilson H. Jenkins February, 1873
John H. Fort June, 1873
John F. Joline November, 1873
Thomas B. Harned June,
C. V. D. Joline June,
Edward Dudley November,
Alexander Gray February,
John T. Woodhull February,
William C. Dayton February,
Thomas E. French February,
Peter V. Vorhees June,
John K. R. Hewitt June,
Samuel D. Bergen June,
Augustus F. Richter November,
Joseph W. Morgan November,
Samuel W. Sparks November,
John C. Ten Eyck, Jr June,
Timothy J. Middleton June,
Lemuel J. Potts June,
John W. Westcott June,
Charles G. Garrison November,
William S. Hotlman November,
Henry A. Scovel February,
William S. Casselman June,
Jonas S. Miller June,
Franklin C. Woolman June,
Karl Langlotz June,
Edward A. Armstrong February,
Samuel K. Robbins June,
John L. Semple November,
Samuel P. Jones November,
Edmund B. Leaming February,
John J. Crandall February,
Floranc F. Hogate February,
John J. Walsh June,
John Harris June,
Henry M. Snyder June,
Benjamin F. H. Shreve June,
Charles I. Wooster June,
William W. Woodhull June,
Alfred L. Black November,
Howard J. Stanger June,
John W. Wartman June,
Howard Carrow June,
Edmund E. Read, Jr June,
Samuel W. Beldon June,
John F. Harned November,
Edward H. Saunders November,
Joseph R. Taylor November,
Thomas P. Curley November,
Robert C. Hutchinson February,
Walter P. Blackwood February,
Richard S. Ridgway November,
Israel Roberts November,
George Reynolds February,
Samuel N. Shreve February,
Ulysses G. Styron ..February,
L. D. Howard Gilmour February,
874
874
874
875
875
875
876
876
876
876
876
877
877
878
878
878
878
878
878
879
879
879
879
879
880
881
881
881
881
881
881
881
881
882
882
882
882
882
882
883
883
883
883
884
206
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY. NEAV JERSEY
George A. Vroom June, 1885
Joshua E. Borton November, 1885
William P. Fowler November, 1885
Schuyler C. Woodhull February, 1886
Pennington T. Hildreth June, 1886
JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT.
Thomas Pastor Carpenter was a lin-
eal desceiKlant of Samuel Carpenter, promi-
nent in the early history of Pennsylvania.
He was born April 1 !), 1804, at Glassboro',
New Jersey.
His father, Edward Carpenter, was the
owner of the glass-works at that place
for many years, which he and Colonel Hes-
tou, as the firm of Carpenter & Hcston, es-
tablished. His mother was the daughter of
Dr. James Stratton, a leading physician of
his day at Swedesboro'. His father died
when he was quite young and he grew to
manhood in tiie family of his grandfather, at
Carpenters Landing (now Mantua). After
obtaining a liberal education he studied law
under the instruction of Judge White, of
Woodbury, and was admitted as an attorney
in September, 1830. On October 26, 1838,
he was appointed prosecutor of tlie pleas of
Gloucester County and took a prominent
part in several important trials.
He soon won prominence at the bar and
on February 5, 1845, he was appointed by
Governor Stratton one of the associate jus-
tices of tlie Supreme C^ourt of New Jersey,
his circuit comprising Camden, Burlington
and Gloucester Counties. On his retirement
from the judgeship, after serving a term of
seven years, he devoted himself to the prac-
tice of his profession, i)rincipally as a coun-
selor, and was eminently successful.
At the breaking out of the Rebellion hr
joined the Union League of Philadelphia,
and daring the war was an ardent supporter
of the Union cause. In 1865 he was active
in promoting the success of the Sanitary Fair,
occupying as he did the position of president
of the New Jersey Department. Judge Car-
penter married Rebecca, daughter of Dr.
Samuel Hopkins, of Woodbury. He was an
earnest Christian and in the church always
held an honored position, being for many
years vestryman, warden and deputy to the
Diocesan and General Conventions of the
Protestant Episcopal Church.
He was not only an able lawyer, but was
well versed in the cla.ssics and in general lit-
erature. He M'as greatly respected through-
out the State of New .Jersey, of which he
was at the time of his death one of her best-
known citizens. As a judge of the Supreme
Court he was held in high esteem by his as-
sociates and by the bar of the State for his
ability, learning and for the uniform good
judgment which he brought to the consider-
ation of cases. In the counties where he
presided at circuits, and which he visited
during his term of office at regular periods,
his genial manners and kindly intercourse
with the people made him very popular. He
died at his home in Camden March 20, 1876.
By his marriage with Rebecca Hopkins,
who still survives, he had four children, viz. :
Susan M. Carpenter, Anna Stratton Carpen-
ter (who died in December, 1869), Thomas
Preston Carpenter (who died during infancy),
and James H. Carpenter, now a member of
the Camden bar.
Stacy Gardiner Potts was born in Har-
risburg. Pa., November, 1799. He was the
great-grandson of Thomas Potts, a member
of the Society of Friends, who, with Maii-
lon Stacy and their kindred, emigrated from
England in 1678, and landed at Burlington,
N. J. The two families of Stacy and Potts
intermarried. Stacy Pott.s, the grandfather
of Judge Potts, was a tanner by trade and
was engaged in that l)usiness at Trenton.
His son removed to Harrisburg, and in
I 791 married Miss Gardiner. Judge Potts
entered the family of his grandfather in
1808, who was then mayor of Trenton. He
attended a Friends' school and then learned
the printer's trade. At twenty-one he began
to edit the Emporium, of Trenton. In 1827
THE BENCH AND BAR.
207
he was admitted to tlie bar as an attfiriiey.
He was elected to the Assembly in 1828 on
the Jackson ticket, and was re-elected in
1829. In 1831 he was appointed clerk of
Chancery, held the office for ten years, and
during that time published his " Precedents
in Chancery." He next visited Europe with
his brother, the Rev. William S. Potts,
D. D., of St. Louis. In 1845 he served on a
commission to revise the laws of the State.
In 1847 he was appointed a manager of the
State Lunatic Asylum. In 18.52 he was
nominated by Governor Fort as a justice of
the Supreme Court and was confirmed by the
Senate. His circuit comprised Camden,
Burlington, (lloucester and Ocean Counties.
He served as judge one term of seven years
with great acceptability and then retired to
private life. He was a conscientious judge
and a decidedly religious man, serving as a
ruling elder in the Presljyteriau Church for
many years. He died at his home in Tren-
ton in 1865.
John Van Dyke was born in New Jer-
sey and obtained a thorough academical ed-
ucation, studied law and was admitted to the
bar in 1836. He commenced practice in
New Brunswick and at once gained promi-
nence in his profession. He was elected
a Representative from New Jersey to the
Thirtieth Congress in 1846 as a Whig,
against Kirkpatrick, the Demo<Tatic oppo-
nent. He was re-elected to the Thirty-first
(^ongrcss, receiving seven thousand two hun-
dred and eighty-two votes against six thou-
sand six hundred and twenty-three for Bill-
ian, Democrat, .serving in Congress from
Pecember, 1S47, to March, 1851. He was
appointed judge of the Supreme Court of
New Jersey by Governor \\Mlliam A. New-
ell, and assigned to the district compo.sed
of Camden, (Jloucester and Burlington Coun-
ties in February, 1859, and served one
term of seven years, until I8(i(). He was a
man of fine legal attainments and was recog-
nized as a good judge.
George Spofforp WooDHn.i., associate
judge of the Supreme Court of New Jersey
from 1866 to 1880, was born near Freehold,
Monmouth County, in 1816, and died at his
residence. No. 104 Arch Street, Camden, in
1881. His grandfather, John Woodhull,
D.D., was pastor of a church at Freehold for
a period of forty years, and was a man of
fine ability, excellent scholarship and noted
piety. His father, John T. Woodhull, M.D.,
was a skillful physician of Monmouth
County, and well known throughout the
State. The early education of Judge Wood-
hull was obtained in the schools of his n.i-
tive place, and in 1830 he entered the Col-
lege of New Jersey, at Princeton. By a.ssid-
uous study and great natural endowments
he completed the course in three years and
was graduated in 1833. Desiring to take
up the study of law, he began a course of
reading under the direction of Ricliard S.
Field, E.sq., of Princeton. In 1839 he was
admitted to practice and three years later he
bec^ame a counselor. He practiced his pro-
fession at Freehold until 1850 when he re-
moved to Mays Landing, and for fifteen
vears was prosecutor of the pleas of Atlantic
County. He has been credited with chang-
ing the political complexion of Atlantic
Countv during his residence in it. For ten
vears of the time included above he was pros-
ecutor of the pleas of Cape May County. In
1866 he was appointed, by (xovernor Ward,
'as an associate justice of the Supreme Court
of New Jer.sey, and was assigned to the Sec-
ond District, comprising the counties of Cam-
den, Burlington and Gloucester. He soon
gained the re])utation of being a fearless, u))-
right and honest judge, and was (character-
ized for superior legal attainments. He de-
veloped so much strength and popularity as
a judicial officer that, in 1873, Hon. Joel
Parker, then Governor of New Jersey,
though differing from Ju.stice Woodhull in
politics, appointed him assistant justice fi)r
another term of seven years, and he continued
208
HTPTOEY OF CAMDE.V COUNTY. NEW JERSEY.
on the bench until 18S0. Diirinji; his long
term of service as a judicial officer his rleci.s-
ions were characterized bv fairness and great
legal ability.
Upon his retii'enient from the bench he
resumed the practice of law in Camden,
which he continued until his death.
In April, 1847, Judge Woodhull was
married to Caroline Mandiville Vroom, a
niece of ex-Governor Vroom, by whom he
had five children. He was a man of excel-
lent standing in the State of New Jersey,
possessing an exemplary character, and was
highly honored and respected by the mem-
bers of his profession as well as by all people
with whom he was associated or by win mi
he was known.
Joel Parker, now one of the justices of
the Supreme Court of New Jersey, was born
November 24, 1816, near Freehold, Mon-
mouth County, N. J. Both his parents were
natives of that county. His father, Charles
Parker, was a man of excellent business ca-
pacity, and, at the time his son was born, was
sheriff of the county, and subsequently he
was a member of the Legislature, and in 1821
was chosen treasurer of the State, an office
which he held for thirteen years, througli
annual appointments. In 1821 Charles
Parker removed to Trenton with his family,
and in that city Joel, his son, passed most of
his childhood and youth, attending school at
the old Trenton Academy. In 1832 Joel
was sent to Monmouth County, to manage a
farm belonging to his father, where he re-
mained two years, doing all kinds of farming
work and laying the foundation of a vigor-
ous constitution, which, during a long life of
busy toil, has enabled him to perform his
onerous duties. In 18;M he quit farmitig
and entered the Lawren(«ville High School,
when! he remained two years. In 18;5() ho
entered Princeton College, whence he was
graduated in 18;U), and then entered the law-
office of Hon. Henry W. Green, a distin-
guisiied lawver in Trenton, afterwards chief
justice, and later chancellor of the State. In
184.3 Joel Parker, having been admitted to
the bar, removed to Freehold and opened a
law-office. He has since maintained his resi-
dence there, and for forty years has lived in
the same house. Within a year after he en-
tered on the practice of his profession he
married Maria M., eldest daughter of Samuel
R. Gummere, then of Trenton, but formerly
of Burlington, N. J.
Joel Parker has always been a member of
the Democratic party. In 184(1 he cast his
first vote for Martin Van Buren for Presi-
dent. In 1844 he commenced his career as
a political speaker, in the Presidential cam-
paign which resulted in the election of James
K. Polk. From that time till his appoint-
ment as justice his services on the stump
were sought and given, not only thi'oughout
this State, but in adjoining States. In 1847
he was elected a member of the House of
Assembly. The Whig party iiad a large
majority in the House. Being the otdy law-
yer on the Democratic side, he was forced
into the leadership of the minority, espe-
cially on all subjects of a legal or political
bearing, and, although the youngest member
of the body, he sustained his position with
discretion and ability. He framed and intro-
duced a series of reform measures, the most
important of which was a bill to equalize tax-
ation, by which, for the first time in the his-
tory of the Stiite, personalty — such as notes,
bonds, mortgages and money — were to be
taxed. At that time taxes were assessed only
on land and property, called certainties, such ■
as horses and (tattle, so that the farmers wei'e
paying nearly all the faxes. This measure,
advocated by Mr. Parker, was popular, and
when his speech on tiie subject was ])ublish-
ed, public attention was attracted to him as a
rising man. .Vt the next gubernatorial elec-
tion, in 1850, George F. Fort was elected ( Jov-
ernor by the Democrats on a platform whicii
had adopted those reform measures. In the
following; vear Mr. I'arker declined being a
THE BENCH AND BAE.
209
caudidate for State Senator (the nomination
to which he was solicited to accept), because
it would interfere with his law business,
which was increasing. Soon after the in-
auguration of Governor Fort he appointed
Mr. Parker prosecutor of the pleas of the
county of Monmouth. His duties growing
out of this position brought him in contact
and conflict with some of the ablest lawyers
of the State. In the celebrated Donnelly
case (which is the leading case on dying decla-
rations) he was assisted by the Hon. Wil-
liam L. Dayton, then attorney-general of the
State, while the prisoner was defended by
ex-(TOvernor William Pennington and Jo-
seph P. Bradley, now a justice of the Su-
preme Court of the United States. In 18(i(»
Mr. Parker was chosen a Presidential elector,
and voted in the Electoral College for Ste-
jihen A. Douglas.
From an early date he had taken an inter-
est in military matters. Several years liefore
the Civil War he had been chosen by the
field officers of the Monmouth and Ocean
Brigade a brigadier-general. Before hostili-
ties began he had a fine brigade of uni-
formed men, and he was accustomed, at
stated periods, to drill them. After the com-
mencement of the war Governor Olden (Re-
publican) nominated General Parker to be
tile major-general of militia for the Second
Military District, composed of five counties.
He was confirmed unanimously by the
Senate, accepted the appointment and assist-
ed in raising men for United States' service,
to put down the Rebellion. He aided ma-
terially in raising several regiments, princi-
pally composed of men who had belonged to
his brigade. In 1862 General Parker was
nominated by the Democratic Convention as
Governor of the State, and was elected over a
very popular opponent by nearly fifteen thou-
sand majority. He adhered, during his term,
to the principle of the platform on which he
was elected, to wit, — " The suppression of the
Rebellion bv all constitutional means."
He was very active in obtaining volunteers
and in equipping them thoroughly for the
field. By this promptness he won the good
opinion of all loyal men and was thanked
b}' telegram from President Lincoln and Sec-
retary Stanton and Governor Curtin. In
commendation of his course, he has received
the appellation of "War Governor" of New
Jersey. When the Confederate army invaded
Pennsylvania in 1863, the national authori-
ties and also Governor Curtin called on Gov-
ernor Parker for troops to repel the invaders.
He responded with such great alacrity as to
bring forth from the Federal authorities
thanks and commendation. (lovernor Cur-
tin wrote, " Permit me to thank you for your
prompt attention," and again on the 24th
day of June, 1863, "I cannot close this com-
munication without expressing to you the
thanks of the people of Pennsylvania for
your promptness in responding to our calls,"
and on the 30th of the same month President
Lincoln sent to Governor Parker the follow-
ing telegram : " Please accept my sincere
thanks for what you have done and are doing
to get troops forwarded." The next year,
when the State of Maryland was invaded,
(xdvernor Parker acted in the same spirit of
promptness. The communication with Wash-
ington was cut off by the enemy and a call
could not officially be made upon him for
troops, but he anticipated a call and sent
troops forward in time to render valuable
aid. At the close of his administration tlie
State Gazette, the central organ of the Re-
publican party in the State, used the follow-
ing language, viz.: "Of the retiring Gover-
nor it is proper to remark that in many re-
spects he has discharged his duties in a man-
ner beyond censure. He was nominated on
a platform that pledged sup|)ort to the Ignited
States government in the war for the sup-
pression of the Rebellion, and he was faithful
to the pledge he gave in acirepting the nomi-
nation," and in the same article " efforts
were made to induce him to resist the con-
210
HISTORY OF CA:MDEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
scription; he steadily refused to do this, but,
on the contrary, made use of every effort to
equip and send off the State's quota of troojis
at the earliest possible day ; we regard it as
fortunate that Mr. Parker was selected as the
Democratic candidate for Governor in 1862."
He was in office at the close of the war and
under his guidance a hearty welcome, with a
good dinner, was given to all returning regi-
jnents by the State at the city of Trenton,
before mustered out, — a fact which distin-
guishes New Jersey from all her sister States.
During the war the Governor had a large
patronage. He had the power of appoint-
ment of all officers in New Jersey regiments
below the rank of general. These amounted
to many hundreds, for imttle and disease
made dire havoc of the noble soldiers. In
all this vast patronage not an officer was ap-
pointed or promoted for political reasons.
The Governor acted on the principle that
when a man took up arms and risked his life
for his country on the battle-field, if he had
earned and deserved promotion, he should be
promoted without regard to his party predi-
lection.
At the close of his term of office Governor
Parker resumed the practice of his profession,
and for the next six years enjoyed a lucrative
business. He was engaged in most of the
cases of importance in Monmouth and the ad-
joining counties. In 1871 he was again
Dominated by the Democratic Convention for
the office of Governor by acclamation, and
was elected b)' a large majority, running sev-
eral thousand votes ahead of his ticket. His
second term was a very busy one, and al-
though not so eventful as the first, yet had
much to distinguish it. The militia of the
State were placed on a permanent basis and
vastly improved in discipline and efficiency.
The General llailroad iiaw was passed, where-
by monopoly was abolished, and tiie amciid-
raents of the Constitution adopted.
In 1868, Governor Parker received in the
National Democratic Convention, held in
New York, the unanimous vote of his State
delegation for nomination a.s President of the
United States, also the vote of two States on
the Pacific slope ; and again in 1876, at St.
Louis, he received the votes of the New Jer-
sey delegation. In the year last named he
was i)laced at the head of the Democratic
electoral ticket, was elected and voted for
Samuel J. Tilden in the Electoral College.
At the close of his second term as (rovernor
he was nominated by Governor Bedle (who
succeeded him) as attorney general of the
State. This office at that time had not been
placed upon a pecimiary basis, that justified
his retaining it, and he found that it inter-
fered so nuK^li with his general business, that
in a few months he resigned.
In 1880, (ileneral McClellan, then Gover-
nor of New Jersey, nominated ex-Governor
Parker as a justice of the Supreme Court.
He was confirmed, and in March of that year
entered upon the duties of the office. He
was assigned to the Second Judicial District,
composed of the counties of Camden, Bur-
lington and Gloucester. The district is a
hard one, on account of the vast amount of
legal business which i-equircs attention; but
Judge Parker, by industry and devotion to
business, by fairness and impartiality in look-
ing at both sides of every case, and by his
courtesy of manner to the members of the
bar and to all who came in contact with him,
has given great satisfaction and in his official
position enjoyed the respect of the commu-
nity. While he has always been a consistent
Democrat, Governor Parker has never been
an extreme partisan. In the various busi-
ness boards, educational and otherwise, he
made it a rule to appoint members of both
political parties. He is a believer in a non-
partisan judiciary and during his last gul)er-
natorial term he nominated three Republican
justices to the Supreme Court and two He-
publican judges of the Court of Appeals,
leaving each court still with a majority of
Democrats. His non-partisan appointments
THE BENCH AND BAR.
211
gave Governor Parker great popularity
among the better class of both parties. His
appointees to offiee have uniformly been men
of high character and ability. At the close
of his last term as Governor, out of fourteen
jutlges of the Court of Errors and Appeals,
then composing the court, ten had been origi-
nally appointed by Governor Parker.
In ]irivate life Joel Parker is much es-
teemed as a neighbor and friend. He is a
good citizen and among ilie first to espouse
any enterprise looking to the improvement
and advancement of the community where
he resides. For the last few years he has re-
sided with his family during the winter either
at ("amden or Mt. Holly, in order to accom-
modate the public and be nearer his work.
The wife of the judge, a highly educated
and accomplished lady, is living. They have
had four children who reached the age of
majority, viz. : Elizabeth, still living ; Charles,
a lawyer and president of a bank at Mana-
sqnan ; Helen, who died of consumption in
1879; and Frcclerick, a lawyer, residing at
Freehold.
LAW JUDGES.
Charlks p. Stratton, the first presi-
dent law judge of the Court of Common
Pleas of Camden County, was born at
Bridgeton, Cumberland Countv, X. J., in
1827, and died of malarial fever in Camden
July 30, 1884, soon after his return from a
trip to Europe. He was graduateil from the
College of New Jersey, at Princeton, in 1848,
and read law under the instruction of Hon.
L. Q. C. Elmer, and was admitted to the
bar as an attorney in January, 1851 ; was
made a counselor in 1854, and the same year
removed to Camden. He continued to prac-
tice his profession with great success iu
Camden County, and iu recognition of his
ability as a lawyer, upon passage of a special
act of the Legislature creating tlie office of
law judge for Camden County, to take ef-
fect in 1872, he was appointed by (governor
Marcus L. Ward to fill that position for the
term of five years. He performed the re-
sponsibilities incumbent upon him as a judge
until the expiration of his term and the ap-
pointment of a successor, when he again re-
sumed the practice of law in Camden until
the time of his death. He left a widow and
four children.
He served two years in the City Council, as
a member from the First Ward, and was made
one of the trustees of the Cooper Hospital
Fund. He was also a director in the Cam-
den Safe Deposit and Trust Company, the
New National Bank at Bridgeton, the West
Jersey Railroad Company and the Camden
and Philadelphia Ferry Compauy. He was
by nature ada|)ted to the office of judge and
presided over the court with great accepta-
bility.
David J. Pancoast was born near
Woodbury, Gloucester County, N. J., Sep-
tember 21, 1843. His father, James Pajn-
coast, who married Hope Lippincott, was a
farmer by occupation, and the son spent his
early years on the farm. At the age of thir-
teen he was sent to London Grove Friends'
School, near Kennett Square, Chester Coun-
ty, Pa., afterwards to Freeland Seminary, in
Montgomery County, and later to an acad-
emy at Carversville, Bucks County. He
continued his studies in the Pennsylvania
St;ite Normal School, at Millersville, and iu
1 8(i4 entered the Law Department of HarvaVd
University, at which institution he spent
nearly two years.
He completed ids legal studies in the office
of James B. Daytou, of Camden, and was
admitted to the bar as an attorney November
5, 18G8, and in 1871 was made a counselor.
When he first became a member of the Cam-
deu bar his preceptor, Mr. Dayton, was pre-
paring to retire from an extended practice,
whereupon he turned over to Mr. Pancoast
much of his litigated business.
C'haucellor Runyon, on March 8, 1875,
appointed him special master iu (Jhancery,
and on April 1, 1877, he was elevated to the
212
HISTORY OP CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
bench, being appointed president judge of
the Court of Common Pleas in Camden
County by Governor Joseph D. Bedle. He
filled the term of five years with recognized
ability. In 1873 Judge Pancoast was ad-
mitted to practice in the United States Court
of New Jersey, and also the United States
Circuit Court and the Supreme. Court uf the
United States.
Charles T. Reed, the third law judge
of the Camden County Courts, was born in
Trenton, N. J., in 1843. He obtained a
preparatory education at the Academy, the
High School and the Model School, of that
city, and afterwards entered the Wesleyan
University, at Middletown, Conn., from
which institution he was graduated. He
soon thereafter entered the office of Hon.
Thomas P. Carpenter, of Camden, as a stu-
dent-at-law, was admitted to the bar as an
attorney in 1865, and as a counselor in 1868.
He practiced law with success until 1882,
during which year.s he was appointed by
Governor Ludlow, president law judge of
the Court of Common Pleas of Camden
County. After .serving about three years of
his term he died, at the early age of forty-
two, from a violent attack of typhoid fever,
on Saturday evening, February 7, 1885.
Judge Reed was married to Miss Emma
Creft, of Philadelphia, who survived him.
He left no descendants.
John W. Westcott was born at Water-
ford, Camden County, and his early life was
spent in the glass factory in his native town.
He attended a i)reparatory school in Massa-
chusetts, and went from thence to Yale
College. When he had comj)leted his Col-
lege course, he read law with the Honorable
Dexter R. Wright, of New Haven, and then
entered his name in the office of Samuel H.
Grey, E.scj., of (Aunden, and was admitted to
the New Jersey bar, as an attorney, in 1879,
and three years later admitted as a counselor-
at-law. At the death of Charles T. Reed,
Presiding-Judge of the Court of Common
Plea.s, of Camden County, Governor Abbett
appointed Mr. Westcott to the unexpired
term of Judge Reed, a position he has since
filled with ability. Twice Judge Westcott
has been before the people as a candidate of
his party, once as the nominee for the State
Senate in 1884, and in 1886 was made the
unanimous choice of his party as a candidate
for Congress in the First Congressional Dis-
trict.
LAY JUDUES.
John Clement, judge of the Court of
Errors and Appeals, .son of John and Han-
nah (Chew) Clement, was born November
8, A.D. 1818, in Haddonfield, New Jersey.
At that time his father was in the midst of
an active business life, constantly engaged
in the surveying of laud, the settlement of
disputed boundaries and the division of real
estate, and it is po.ssible that the subject of
this sketch cannot remember when he first
heard questions discussed that were thus in-
volved. It may be said that his education
as a surveyor, and his familiarity with mat-
ters pertaining thereto, began in his infancy
and grew with him to manhood. As his
years increased and the physical as well as
the mental labor attendant upon the field-
work of surveying became a tax upon his
strength and endurance, the father gradually
gave place to the son, with the benefit of his
experience, the use of his papers and the in-
fluence of his reputation. These were ad-
vantages not to be disregarded, and with the
introduction of new and improved instru-
ments, he filled the place thus left vacant,
and has pursued the same cidliug tor some
forty yeare. As the value of land increased
it was demanded that some evidence of the
title to real estate should be shown, which,
although it increased the labor and responsi-
bility of the conveyancer, yet were entirely
legitimate and iinipiT ini|uiries to be an-
swered.
In 1851, and upon his father's resignation,
he was chosen a member of the Council of
THE BENCH AND BAR.
213
Proprietors of W^est New Jersey, the duties
of wliifh, and the records there found, led
to mucli instruction in the history of titles to
land in the State. At the annual meeting of
that body in 1885 he was elected president,
and has so acted since that time.
In 1X54 he was appointed one of the as.so-
ciate Judges of the several courts of ('amden
County, and reappointed in 1860. Many
interesting (;ases were heard and disposed of
during his term of office, from which he de-
rived much valuable information as applica-
ble to his line of business. In 1864 he was
appointed by (Governor Joel Parker one of the
lay judges of the Court of Errors and Appeals
of the State of \ew Jersey, sitting at Tren-
ton. Being the court of last resort in all
cases, the most important ones only reacli
that tribunal, and are there disposed of. The
Court of Pardons, consi.sting of the Governor,
chancellor and the six lay judges of the Court
of Errors and Appeals, has many delicate
duties, involving care and |)rudenci' in their
discharge.
Having, ijy this promotion, aci'css to the
several otlices of i-ecord at the capital, a new
t]eld of research was opened, which heeagerlv
entered uj)on. Kxamining each book page
by page, a mine of historical knowledge
was developed, which yielded ample reward
for all the labor, and has proved invaluable
in establishing titles to laud, settling genea-
logical questions and strengthening facts here-
tofore regarded as traditional.
In 1(S77 John Clement was ai)poiiited bv
Governor Joseph 1). Bedle one of three com-
missioners to examine into the prison system
of the State and suggest any improvement in
the same, and in 1879 was appointed by
Governor George B. McClellan upon a com-
mission to " prepare a system of general laws
for the government of municipalities hei-eto-
fore or hereafter to lie incorporated in this
State."
As a member of the Surveyors' Associa-
tion of West New Jersey, which was organ-
ized in 1 864, he has always been active from
its inception. This society has been a success
and accomplished its purposes fully. The
social intercourse and interchange of senti-
ment and opinion among the members is of
great advantage and the valuable papers read
have saved many points of history relating to
the southern part of the State from loss.
He is author of .several articles printed in
magazines and newspapers relating to histor-
ical subjects, and in 1877 published a volume
of five hundred and fifty pages, containing
sketches of the first settlers in his native
townshij). Apart from the errors incident to
such work, it is found to be useful and of
interest to such as are in search of their
ancestors. In 1885, he was appointed by the
Supreme Court of New Jersey, as one of the
coraml.ssioners to settle a disputed line between
the counties of Burlington and Atlantic, which
was accomplished the .same year.
Judge Clement has an extensive knowledge
of the early history of West New Jersey, and
has been unceasing in his interest in the pre-
paration of the" History t)f (!amden County "
as embraced in this volume. Bv his wise
counsel and efficient aid, the author and pub-
lishers of this History have been greatly en-
abled to furnish to the people of Camden
County the work in its |iresent exhaustive
and complete form.
• JoHX Clement, Sr., was born in Haddon-
field, N. J., on the 10th day of September.
A.I). 1769, and was the eldest of the two
children of Nathaniel and Abigail (Rowand)
Clement. He had a distinct recollection of
many incidents of the Revolutiouarv ^\'ar
that occurred in his native town. His o[)-
portunities for education were limited, but
with a fondness for study, the a.ssistance of
his parents and diligent api)lication, he man-
aged to overcome the primary branches and
obtain some knowledge of mathematics.
When quite a young man he fancied a .sea-
faring life would suit him, but a trip from
Philadelphia to the Lower Delaware Bay
214
HTSTOKY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
during a severe wind-storm convinced him
that he was not of those " who go down to
the sea in ships." The first public office
held by John Clement was that of constable
for the township of Newton, in Gloucester
County, and it was brought about in this
wise. At the town-meeting of March 19,
1790, the following entry was made:
"It being deemed by the town to be Nathaniel
Clement's turn to serve as constable for the ensuing
year, the meeting agreed that he shall have liberty
to propose a person to serve in said office in his
stead : and the said Nathaniel producing to said
meeting his son John Clement, it was agreed he
shall be appointed to said office."
This appointment was made about six
months before he attained his majority, and
was done to relieve his father of the duties
of the office. He was at various times free-
holder, committeeman and surveyor of high-
ways, and claimed it was the duty of every
tax-payer to serve the township to prevent
the waste of money. His military career ex-
tended through many years of his life.
From a private in one of the uniformed
companies of the county, he was in 1798
recommended by Lieuteiiaut-Colonel Josliua
L. Howell, and appointed by the Governor
(Richard Howell) as adjutant of the Second
Regiment of the Gloucester Militia. In the
War of 1812 he had a place on the stall' of
General Elmer, with rank of major, and was
employed in laying out the camp at Billings-
port and opening roads to it.
He also acted as paymaster, and ii|)(>n tlic
discharge of the troops went into each of tiie
counties of West Jersey to pay the soldiers.
The pay-rolls of the several companies show
the signatures of cacli |)rivate upon the re-
ceipt of his money. ilicsc papers, in good
preservation, are now in ])o.ssession of the
adjutant-general at Trenton, where they can
be examined by those curious in sncii mat-
ters. Very useful liiey have been to prove
the service of many soldiers, whose ]ja))ers
had been lost, when tiiey or their widows
made application for pensions.
In 1824 he was appointed colonel of the
Second Regiment of the Gloucester Brigade,
and ranked as such officer until 1837, when
he was advanced to the position of brigadier-
general of the Gloucester Brigade, and took
tiie oath of office the same year. Upon the
.separation of Camden County from Old
Gloucester, in 1844, he was continued in the
same rank, but refused every position, civil
or military, under the new dispensation. He
become a practical surveyor when a young
man, and was so engaged the most of his
active business life. His field-books, maps
and memoranda collected during that time
show his care and industry. In 1809 he
become a memberof the Council of Proprietors
of West Jersey, which body .sat at Burling-
ton four times each year. In 1813 he was
made a deputy surveyor, and in 181G elected
vice-president of the board. In 1832, and
upon the death of William Irick, he was
chosen president of the Board of Proprietors,
and .so remained until his resignation as a
member, in 1851.
In 1799 lie was appointed collector of the
revenue for the federal government in the
county of Gloucester, "arising upon domestic
distilled spirits and stills, upon sales at auc-
tion, upon carriages for the conveyance of
persons, upon licenses to retail wines and
foreign distilled spirits, upon snuff or snufl-
mills and upon refined sngar." This posi-
tion entailed upon him much labor and
responsibility, the territory being large and
the settlements in many parts long distances
from each other. How long he discharged
the duties does not appear.
In the same year (1799) he received his
first commission as justice of the peace, the
duties of which office he discharged until
his advancing years induced him to relin-
quish it.
He was the first postmaster in Haddon-
field, his commission being dated March 22,
1803. This was the second year of the first
term of Thomas Jefferson's administration as
^?y^?^^>^ <^^C^rz^^*.-^
THE BENCH ANP BAR.
215
President of the United States, and shadowH
his political inclinations at that time.
In 1 805 he was appointed one of the judges
of the several courts of (iloucester County.
His punctuality in attendance and his busi-
ness methods soon brought him into notice,
and in 1824 he become the presiding officer
of the court in the absence of the law judge.
About the year 1822 the subject was
agitated as to the building of a canal from
the Delaware River at Eastoii to the Hudson
River at Jersey City. The enterprise was
at last commenced and much trouble arose
with the land-owuers where it passed as to
damage. April 15, 18.'50, Chief Justice
Charles Ewing appointed John Clement,
William X. 8hinn and John Patterson com-
missioners to settle these disputes. In the
discharge of this duty they made a report
which was accepted by the court and was
generally satisfactory.
Of muscular frame, well-developed and
healthy, his endurance was remarkable, and
he preserved his strength and faculties to a
ripe old age. Gradually yielding to the ea-
croachment.s of an insidious disease and ad-
vancing years, he died on the evening of
July 4, 1855.
John K. Cowperthwaite, who was one
of the prominent lay judges of the courts of
f'amden County, was born in 1787, in the
old frame house standing on the east bank of
Coopers Creek, between the Federal Street
and Pennsylvania Railroad bridges. He re-
moved into the town of Camden in 1820,
and, uniting intelligence with integrity, he so
won the confidence of the people, that they
trusted him almost implicitly, and he was in
office continuously during his life, frequently
holding several at the same time. He was a
magistrate of the county, and, as such, a judge
of the County Court, and when justices of
the peace ceased to be judges of the County
Court he was appointed by the Legislature,
term after term, almost without interruption
until his death. He was a member of the
township committee of Caindcn townsliiji
nearly the entire eigliteen years of its ('xi>t-
ence, and was also a nictnlx r of ihc IJoard of
C^hosen Freeholders. He took an aclivc part
in securing the city charter of 1.S2S, ami was
appointed recorder, serving for twelve years,
and served on most of the important com-
mittees in Camden City Council. When the
mayor was made elective by the people, in
1844, he was the clioice, serving one vear.
He was a candidate for the office in 1854, but
was defeated. In t lie efforts to increase the
educational facilities, in ]84.'i, Judge Cow-
perthwaite took an active ])art and gave tlie
cause of educatit)n matei-ial assistance. He
early attached himself to the Methodist
Church and was one of its pillars, holding
various offices and exemplifying its princijiles
in his life. He was the confidant of manv,
who sought his counsel, and while free in his
charities, was unostentatious, and few, save
the beneficiaries, knew, when he died, May
(), 1873, how kindly a iieart had ceased to
beat.
Asa p. Horner was a thrifty and pro-
gressive farmer of Stockton township, and
had the confidence of his neighbors in hold-
ing many local offices among them. He was
twice appointed one of the judges of the
Camden County Courts, and discharged his
duties acceptably. He was a descendant of
one of the old families on " Pea Shore," from
whence, in ancient times, Philadelphia was
sup])lied with early vegetables and like pro-
duce. The location and soil was adapted to
this end, and he was but an indifferent farmer
who did not make it profitable, fjiko other
i)ranches of agriculture, this has kept pace
with the various improvements made, show-
ing that a few acres well tilled is better than
many poorly cultivated. The "trucker" of
fifty years ago would refuse; to l)e convinced
of any profit, if shown the cost of fertilizers)
and labor now put upon the land to force the
cro])s and increase the yield. He was an
" Old-Line Whig " until the defeat of Henrv
216
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY. NEW JERSEY.
Clay for President, when he affiliated with
the Deinocratir party and became a promi-
nent man in that (livi.siiin of national politics.
ATTI )RXEYS-AT- LA W.
William N. Jeffers was born in Salem
County and removed in his youth to Camden.
When he grew to manhood he was in stature
tall and finely formed, with the exquisite
manners of the olden time. He was in poli-
tics an ardent apostle of the Democratic
faith, and was sent by President -lackson as
the American representative to one of the
.South American States, but he soon retiuned
and resumed the practice of the law.
Mr. -letters' brilliant qualities as a lawyer
were recognized all over West Jersey, to
which his practice was chiefly confined. His
second wife outlived him, })ut he had no
children, and his estate descended to Com-
mander Jeffers, who distinguished himself as
an officer of the American navy during the
War for the Union ; who has frequently
been presented with testimonials of great
value by other nations, and now lives, after
a useful and gallant career, in Washington,
as a retired officer of the United States Navy,
Thomas Chapman was born in Salem
(bounty, New Jersey, and from thence re-
moved to Camden, locating his office in
Second Street near J'luni (now Arch Street),
on propcily belonging to the late Dr. Tho-
mas W. Cullcn. Mr. Chapman was a lawyer
of solid attainments rather than of brilliant
oratory. In fact, the great Judge Parsons,
of Massachusetts, said that mere oratory was
a hindrance ratlu^r than a help to an axjtivc
and successful practitioner at the bar. Hu(
as a counselor, Mr. Chapman had no superior
in the scaled circle of lawyers who then
formed the bar of Camden County. Among
these was the venerable .losiah Harris()n who,
late in life, removed from Camden to Wood-
bury, where he died. Thomas Chapman was
a laborious lawyer, faithful to the interests
of his clients. He was married happily, but
the union was not blessed with children.
( )ne morning, in summer, (Mr. Chapman
Iteing nearly sixty years old), the door of the
• little frame office on Second Street was found
open, and Thomas Chapman lying dead a(
his table, with his books open before him.
It is suppo.sed he died of heart disease.
Among the earliest resident lawyers of
C'amden was Morris Croxall, who was ad-
mitted to practice in the Gloucester County
courts in September, 1821. He died in
Camden, and although prominent in his dav,
no facts in regard to him, further than here
presented, can be procured.
Jeremiah H. Sloan, admitted to the bar
in 1821, was a distinguislied lawyer, who was
ten years older than Hon. Abraham Brown-
ing, of Camden. He was the cotemporary of
Samuel h. Southard, William N. Jeffers and
Judge John Moore White, who died at Wood-
bury, N. J., at a good old age, full of vears
and of honor. Jeremiah Sloan was perhaps
the most brilliant lawyer in West Jersey, keen
in his perceptions, never a very hard student,
but gifted with magnetism of temperament
and elocpient in speech, and possessed of fine
social qualities whicii caused him to be
warmly welcomed wherever he went.
His professional services were sought for
far and wide, and paid for by admii-ing
clients with liberality. Those who best re-
member him say that he united the wit of
Sheridan with the social graces of Charles
flames Fox, the celebrated English statesman.
He was one of the most remarkable
men who ever practiced at tlu; West Jersey
bar. His mind was alert, his forensic style
witty, Jiumorons and argumentative. He was
a (piick and accurate judge of character.
Ready and skillf'id in the examination of
witnesses, eloipient, persuasive and con-
vinciing in addressing a jury, he was well
equipped with all the qualities necessary for
success at the Nisi Prius bar, of which lie
was in his day the accepted leader. I'er-
sonallv he was n man of warm and irenerous
THE BENCH AND BAR
217
impulses, social, indeed convivial. He was
extremely popular and pleasing in manner,
and was equally at home at the convivial
assemblages of the lawyers, more common in
his day than now, or in addressing a court
upon the dryest legal proposition. He died
at Mount Holly, broken in health and
fortune, leaving little behind him but the de-
lightful recollections of his friends and the
general reputation of a brilliant character.
Richard W. Howell was l>orii on a
plantation called "Fancy Hill," in Glouces-
ter County. His father and mother were
both prominent during the Revolution of
1776, and many are the pleasing tales of
generous hospitality to the officers of the
|)atriot army, who were wont to pause at the
home of Colonel Howell, and, amidst the
joys of an old-time welcome, forget for a day
the great struggle for liberty.
Mr. Howell married a sister of Hon.
Thoma.s P. Carpenter, and she still survives
her husband and her brother. Richard W.
Howell's mother, like his father, was a re-
markable person, and when she found her-
self a widow, with a large family and an en-
cumbered property, she managed the Howell
estate, much of it lying along the Delaware
River and including the Howell fishery, so
that in a few years it was clear of delH, and
at her death there was a handsome estate to
divide among the heirs without iiirum-
brance of any kind.
Mr. Howell was early bfed to the law,
and made a careful, conscientious and suc-
cessful member of the profession. He was
admitted to the New Jersey bar in Septem-
ber, 1827. His office, which he occupied
till his death, was a small, one-story room in
Plum Street (now Arch), in Camden, built
Ity William N. Jeffers and now owned by
.ludgc Woodhull's estate.
Richard \V. Howell was, like tiic rest of
the Howell family, a gentleman of distin-
guished appearance. He was possessed of
rare] V courteous manners and was a laborious
'28
lawyer. The ordinances of Camden City
Council bear the impress of his legal mind,
and he was frequently elected to the Council
chamber, and was once ruayor of the city.
No man in the profession was more beloved
by his fellow-members of the bar.
He left a large family, one of his sons be-
ing a well-known physician in Philadelphia,
another a successful lawyer, and still another
died in battle at the head of his company in
the War of the Rebellion.
Robert K. Matlock, who was a practi-
tioner at the Camden courts immediately after
their organization, was born at Woodbury,
Gloucester County, January 22, 1804, and
was the son of Hon. James Matlock, at one
time a member of Congress, whose American
ancestor, William Matlock, was among the
Friends who settled at Burlington, N. J.,
about the year 1760. His law preceptor
was ( 'harles Chauncey, Esq., of Philadelphia ;
was admitted as attorney November 15,
1827, and as counselor September 6, 1833.
He died April 27, 1877, at his home in
Woodbury.
Abraham Browning was born July 26,
1808, on his father's farm, in the vicinity of
Camden. The family to which he belongs
is one of the oldest in the State of New
Jersey. The American founder, George
Browning, came immediately from Holland,
although of ancient English lineage, about
the year 1735, and settled near Pea Shore.
George Browning's son Abraham followed
in his father's footsteps and became a farmer.
He married Beulah Genge, who, like him-
self, was a native of New Jersey, but whose
parents were English, arriving in Americ^i
from London about the year 1760. From
this marriage sprang the subject of this
sketch and a numerous progeny. Abraham
obtained his earliest education at the country
schools in the neighborhood of his home.
Possessed of a large capacity for accpiiring
knowledge, and gifted with a .studious tem-
perament, he made most effective use of all
218
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
his opportunities, and laid a solid founda-
tion, broad and deep, for the superstructure
of after-years. After an elementary course
thus sati.sfactorily pursued, he was placed at
the academy at Woodbury. From this he
was transferred to the popular school of
John (Tummere, in Burlington. The en-
larged advantages here offered Abraham
Browning were industriously improved, and
he obtained a good English and a limited
classical education.
He became a student in the law-offii^e of
Hon. Samuel L. Southard, at Trenton, in
1830. At the expiration of a year passed
in preliminary study he entered the I^aw
School of Yale College, and, after remaining
two years, he entered the oflSee of tiie well-
known Philadelphia lawyer, Charles Chaun-
cey. He was admitted to the bar in Septem-
ber, 18.'54, and immediately thereafter began
to practice his profession in Camden, where
he has ever since resided, laboring in his
chosen career. He early became noted for
the care and ability with which the business
intrusted to his care was managed, and, as a
natural consequence, he made steady and
rapid progress through the ranks. With
clear perception, a well-trained and well-
stored mind, to which constant study was
ever bringing valuable contributions, in-
domitable industry aud never-tiring investi-
gation of detail, he obtained so thorough a
mastery over his cases as to be almost in-
vincible when he advised contest. Nowhere
iu the ranks of the profession could a harder
student have been found ; not one among the
aspirants to similar fame devoted more faithful
and painstaking labor to his client's inter-
ests than he has done. His aid has been
sought in many important issues beyond the
borders of New Jersey, and his reputiition
is national. As a constitutional lawyer- lie
has been a recognized authority, and his
opinion on points of constitutional issue car-
ries great weight. In railroad cases, also, he
has been rcigarded as especially strong, and
he has been engaged in many important
cases, involving difficult and delicate points
of railroad law. His famous contest with
Hon. Theodore Cuyler, the Pennsylvania
Railroad case, in 1871, will long be remem-
bered by members of the profe.ssion for the
profound legal learning, easy mastery over
the mazy difficulties of a peculiarly intricate
litigation, readiness of resource, patient en-
durance and overwhelming strengtii he man-
ifested.
To him, in part. New Jersey owes its
present Constitution, inasmuch as he was an
active and prominent member of the conven-
tion called in 1844 for the revision of the
then existing instrument. He was also the
first attorney-general under the Constitution
.so revised, being appointed to that position
by Governor Charles C. Stratton in the .same
year. This office he held during the regular
term of five years.
His succe.sses as a lawyer do not bound
his career. He has stepped beyt)nd merely
professional boundaries in his studies aud
researches, and in whatever direction his
tastes have led him, the same thoroughness
and success have marked his eflForts.
Mr. Browning was married. May 23,
1842, to Pjlizabeth, daughter of Hon. James
Matlock, of Woodbury, N. J., whose Amer-
ican ancestor, William ^Matlock, was among
the (Quakers who .settled at Burlington, N. J.,
about the year 1678.
WiLLi.VM Daniel Coopei: was a .son of
Richard IM. Cooper, late president of the
National State Bank of Camden, and a lineal
descendant in the .seventh generation of Wil-
liam and Margaret Cooper, who in l(i81 were
the first settlers on the site of Camden. He
was born in the homestead on Cooper Street the
30th day of August, 181(), being tlie twin
brother of Dr. Riciiard M. Cooper, and after
obtaining a preparatory education entered the
University of I'eniisylvania, from wiiii^h in-
stitution he wa.s graduated in 183(i. He
studied law in the office of the Hon. Wil-
-XCc.-v^'^Oo-f^
THE BENCH AND BAR.
219
liam M. Meredith, of Pliiladelpliia. llv was
admitted a member of the Phihidelpiiia bar
ill 1841 and the same year was admitted to
practice in the courts of New Jersey. Upon
the death of his father, in 1844, lie became
tiie manager of his estate, which embraced
hinds now covered by much of tiic most at-
tractively built-up iK>rtion of the city of
Camden. This gave him an extt'iisive busi-
ness as a real estate lawyer, and he managed
the large interest included with judicious
care and characteristic ability. By laying
off in lots much of tiie lands previously
owned by his father, he greatly enhanced the
value of the property in North Camden and
very materially increased the amount of the
estate placed under his special care and direc-
tion. His experience as a real estate lawyer
and counselor gave liiiu an extended office
j)ractice and he seldom appeared in court in
the trial of causes. He contributed much to
the growth and development of the city of
Camden, and was constantly studying how
best to advance the material welfare of the
community. He was kind-hearted, benevo-
lent and philanthropic. Feeling the need of
a hospital in West .Jersey, he and his brother,
Dr. Richard M. Cooper, turned their atten-
tion toward establishing one in Camden.
Both died betbi'e the reali/.ation of their
])laiis for the erection of such a building.
Their sisters — Sarah W. and Elizabeth B.
Cooper, in accordance with the wishes of
their deceased brothers, generously donated
two hundred thousand dollars for the estab-
lishment and endowment of the Cooper Hos-
pital, and with their brother, Alexander
Cooper, conveyed a large tract of land elig-
ibly located in Camden, upon which to erect
a building for that purpose. The manage-
ment of this noble charity (a history of
which is given in the Medical Chapter of
this work), was placed in the hands of a
board of trustees created under an act of
incorporation by the State Legislature March
24th, 1875.
Mr. Cooper was for a time president of
the Gas Company, a director in the National
State Bank and for a time counsel for the
same institution. In politics he was origi-
nally a Whig in the days of that party and
afterwards an ardent Republican. Early
in its history he became a member of the
Union League of Philadelphia. He devoted
much of his time to reading and was well
versed in general literature. In religion he
was a believer in the faith of his ancestor
and was a member of the Society of Friends.
Morris R. HA>riLTox was admitted to
the bar in September, 1842, after preparing
for his jjrofession in the office of his father.
General Samuel R. Hamilton, of Trenton.
He located in Caniden in November of the
same year of his admission and continued a
member of the Camden County bar for two
years, at the expiration of which time he re-
moved to Philadelphia and practiced chiefly
in Kensington and Spring Garden in partner-
ship with the late Laban Burkhardt. In
184!) he went to Trenton to become the edi-
tor of a paper which his father had purchased
and \vhich was tlien changed to the Daily
True American, the Democratic orgau of the
State capital, which position he held until
1853. He has since edited a number of in-
fluential journals and is now the efficient
State librarian at Trenton.
Thomas W. MtiLFoRU, with three
brothers, came from Salem Countv and set-
tled in Camden County in the year 1852.
Thomas W. Mulfbrd, being a leading and in-
fluential member of the Democratic party,
was soon appointed by the Governor as pros-
(U'utor of the ]>leas of Camden County, a
position he filled with great credit to himself
and to the county for many years. Mr.
Mulford was a fluent, eloquent and able
s|K'aker, and his voice was always welcomed
by his party adherents, who nominated him
for Congress in the First District, now repre-
sented by George Hires. He was also twice
a member of the Legislature of New Jersey,
220
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
where his wise and discriminating statesman-
ship made him a valuable member, much re-
spected by both parties. Mr. Mulford's
health failed him and he died in Salem
County on his farm, leaving a family and a
large circle of friends. He was a relative by
marriage of the late United States Senator
Hon. A. G. Cattell, of Merchantville, N. J.;
Philip H. Mujford, one of the brothers of
the prosecutor of the pleas, was deputy prose-
cutor of the pleas for Camden County ; then
associated with General Wright, of Hoboken,
N. J., in the practice of the law, and in 1860
went to California, where he died.
James B. Dayton was born January "27,
1822, at Basking Ridge, Somerset County,
N. J. He was a son of Joel Dayton and
lineal descendant of Ralph Dayton, who em-
igrated from Yorkshire, England, in 1639
and settled at Boston, one of whose descend-
ants, Jonathan Dayton, located at Elizabeth-
town about 1725, and was the progenitor of
the Dayton family in New Jersey. His son,
Elias Dayton, was a brigadier-general in the
patriot army of the Revolution, command-
ing the New Jersey Brigade, and member of
Congress in 1778 and 1779. His son Jona-
than was a member of the convention which
framed the Constitution of the United States,
speaker of the Fourth and Fifth Congresses,
and United States Senator from 1799 to 1805.
William L. Dayton, a brother of James B.
Dayton, after filling with honor the most im-
portant positions in New Jersey, was a Sena-_
tor of the United States from 1842 to 1851,
Republican candidate for Vice-President in
1856, and minister to France from 1861 un-
til his death, shortly before the close of the
War of the Rebellion.
James B. Dayton graduated from Prince-
ton College in 1841, studied law with his
brother, William L. Dayton, became an at-
torney in 1844, and counselor-at-law in 1847.
He settled at Camden and very soon became
one of the leading advocates of the New
Jersey bar. His practice was large, his con-
quests brilliant, and he was acknowledged to
be one of the most eloquent lawyers in South-
ern New Jersey. He became the legal ad-
viser of the Board of Freeholders, city so-
licitor, city treasurer and one of the fir.st
board of Ri])arian Commi.ssions. He was a
man of vig(jrous mind but delicate physique,
which cau.sed him in later life to forego the
triumphs of the court and devote his entire
energies to the less exciting duties of an office
practice, and ultimately to retire wholly from
the law and also t(^ renounce all aspirations
for political life.
He was married, in 1848, to Louisa, daugh-
ter of William M. Clarke, of Philadelphia ;
her death occurred in 1856, leaving two chil-
dren surviving — William C, a member of
the Camden bar, and Louisa, now wife of
Peter V. Voorhees, a lawyer in Camden.
In 1859 he married Sadie, daughter of Judge
Alexander Thomson, of Franklin County,
a celebrated jurist of Pennsylvania.
Being compelled to give up the practice
of his profession, he turned his attention to
corporate interests. He was president of the
West Jersey Ferry Company for over six-
teen years, giving prosperity to the company
and satisfaction to its patrons ; president of
the Camden Safe Deposit and Trust Com-
pany, which, under his management, became
one of the most successful banking institu-
tions of the State ; chairman of the execu-
tive committee of the board of directors of
the Camden and Atlantic Railroad Com-
pany, which he materially aided in raising
from insolvency to affluence. He was also,
from its inception, chairman of the board of
directors of the Sea View Hotel Company,
a very successful corporation. He was a man
of sound judgment, kindly impulses and
gentle disposition, and his death from pro-
gressive paralysis, March 9, 1886, caused uni-
versal sorrow.
Thoma.s H. Dudley was born in Eves-
ham township, Burlington County, New
Jersey, October 9, 1819, being the descend-
THE BENCH AND BAR.
221
aut of an English family resident in this
coiintty since the latter part of the seven-
teenth century. His early education was ob-
tained in the schools near the vicinity of iiis
birth, and he grew to niauhood on his father's
iliriu. Determining upon law as a profes-
sion, he entered the office of the late William
N. Jeffers, in Camden, and in 1845 was ad-
mitted to the New Jersey bar. From the
outset of his legal life he held a conspicuous
place in his profession, his sound training in
the principles and the practice of law uniting
to make him successful. Until the dissolu-
tion of the Whig party he was one of its
stauchest members. Since that event he has
been a no less earnest Republican. Elected
in 1860 a delegate at large to the Chicago
Convention, he occupied a prominent position
in it and was greatly instrumental through
his energy and tact, in the committee on
doubtful States, in securing the nomination
of Abraliam Lincoln for President. In 18(J1
Mr. Dudley went to Europe, and returned
in the fall of the same year, and soon there-
after was appointed by Mr. Lincoln as con-
sul to Liverpool. The j)ositiou of our con-
sul at this port then was one of great conse-
(.(uence and of the greatest delicacy, for from
this centre radiated the substantial aid ten-
dered to the Confederates by their British
supporters. In his efforts to enforce the
maintenance of the neutrality professed by
the government to which he was accredited,
the utmost diplomacy was necessary to avoid
bringing to open war the expressed hostility
between the two countries. Everywhere his
endeavor to check the flow of supplies to the
Confederacy met with a determined resist-
ance. With a force of one hundred men he
policed the ship-yards of England and Scot-
land, he himself incognito, constantly visit-
ing every shipping centre and registering
every keel laid down upon the books of the
Liverpool consulate. Nor was his zeal un-
attended with danger. Again and again lie
received anonymous letters warning him that
unle.ss he ceased his opposition to the exten-
sion of assistance to the Confederate govern-
ment, that his life would be taken, and if
fbuml in certain designated spots he would
be shot on sight. But the.se threats had small
effects upon his stern nature. He had been
charged with a high duty and tiiat duty he
fulfilled with a calm determination. He re-
mained at his post until November, 18(J8,
when he returned to the United States f()r a
brief visit. He resumed his duties in Liver-
pool, and three yeai-s later he again returned
to America, and, wearied by his decade of ar-
duous official life, tendered his resignation of
his consulate. The government, however,
requested his services in the case of the
United States to be laid before the Joint
High Commission at Geneva, and he assisted
in the compilation of the case to go before
the Geneva tribunal, .supplying the material
upon which the judgment in favor of the
United States was rendered. In 1872 he again
returned to the United States and tendered
his resignation, to take effect upon the ap
pointment of his succe.ssoi-.
Since his return to .\merica Mr. Dudley
has been engaged in the practice of his pro-
fession in Camden, New Jersey, residing up-
on his beautiful country-seat, three miles
from the city. He has been president of
the Pittsburgh, Titusville and Buffalo Railroad
Company, and of the New Jersey Mining
Company, besides being a member of the
boards of direction of the Camden and Atlan-
tic Railroad Company, West Jersey Railroad
Company, Camden and Philadelphia Ferry
Company and People's Gas Light Company,
of Jersey City.
Isaac Mickle was one of the most re-
markable men in the early history of Camden
County. His grandfather was Lsaac Mickle,
farmer, who married Sarah Wilkins, and
from that marriage four children were born,
—John W. Mickle, Rachel Mickle (who
married Isaac S. Mulford, M.l).,) and Mary
Mickle, who married Samuel Haines, of Bur-
222
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
lingtoD County, a well-knowu sheriff of tliat
bailiwick, and Isaac Mickle, who married
Rebecca Morgan, from whicli alliance sprang
Isaac Mickle who, as soon, and even before
he reached man's estate, became a central and
controlling figure in the affairs of his native
County. He began the study of law with
Colonel Page. Isaac Mickle, who was the
only child of his parents, was also, presuma-
bly, the heir of his uncle, John W. Mickle,
who had ac(|uired by descent and purchase,
nearly all the land on either side of the
turnpike, between Camden and Gloucester
City. Isaac Mickle was a boon companion
of T. Buchanan Read, the artist and poet,
and author of " Sheridan's Ride."
W'liile studying with Colonel Page, and
mastering the mysteries of his chosen profes-
sion, he became acquainted with Clara Tyn-
dale, the sister of (xeneral Hector Tymlale.
who was once elected mayor of Philadclpiiia.
Mrs. Tyndale, the mother of Clara, was,
herself, a woman of talent, and with Haw-
thorn, George William Curtis and other
lights of science and literature, became a
member of the famous comnumity at " Brook
Farm."
Isaac Mickle married Miss Tyndale and
two children resulted from this union, one of
whom is now living. The subject of our
sketch early displayed a very decided pen-
chant for literature, and became the author
of a volume called "Recollections of Old
Gloucester," which, besides being admirably
written!, (contains a fund of information about
the early history of Camden County and
West Jersey nowhere else to be found. He
became a well-known political writer, and
for some years conducted the Camden Demo-
crat. He died when under thirty years of
age.
Daniel K. Hoidii was colemporary witii
Hugg and Kinsey, was admitted to the bar
in July, 1849, and was for a time in the of-
fice of Thomas H. Dudley. He was a promi-
nent lawyer, but his services were lost at this
bar, for, some years prior to the war, he went
West, and, subsequently enlisting in an Illi-
nois regiment, was killed in battle.
Alfred Hugg was born in Camden,
N. J., August 26, 1826, and educated in the
city of Philadelphia. He studied law with
William N. Jeffers, of Camden, and was ad-
mitted to practice as an attorney in October,
1849, and as a counselor three years after.
He settled in Camden and has since been
engaged in active practice. Mr. Hugg has
been city solicitor of Camden, as also city
clerk and city treasurer. He was formerly
prosecutor of the pleas for Atlantic County.
Chaklks W. Kinsey was in the same
class as Alfred Hugg, and was admitted to
the Camden bar in October, 1849. He prac-
ticed considerably in the courts of the
county, but was a resident of Burlington and
died there.
Captain Isaa(^ W. Mickle, who was
admitted to the bar in .Tauuary, 18-30, died
suddenly at Camp Ely, Virginia, on Satur-
day, March 22, 1862. During the Mexican
War he served as captain of Company A of
the New Jersey Battalion. He enlisted in the
same capacity in Comi)any F of the Fourth
New Jersey Regiment during the three montlis
.service, and at the time of iiis death was in
command of Company A of the Tenth New
Jersey Regiment. During the administra-
tion of James Buchanan he was collector of
the port of Camden. He was at the saraetin)e
one of the proprietors of the Camden Demo-
crat, and took sides against the administra-
tion of Bu(thanan on the Kansas-Neln-aska
Bill. He was a nephew of John W. Mickle,
many years a leading director of the Camden
and Amboy Railroad Company. He left a
widowed mother and child. Captain Mickle
was active in [)olitical and military affairs,
genial in disposition and liberal in his vi(!ws.
Pei'er L. Voorhees was born at Blaw-
enburgh, Somerset County, N. J., July 12,
1825, and is a member of a fiimily who trace
their line of descent from Coert Albert van
THE BENCH AND BAR.
223
voor Hees, who lived prior to 100(1, in front
of the village of Hees, near Ruinen, Drenthe,
Holland. The derivation of the name may
be understood when it is stated that the pre-
fix " voor " is the Dutch equivalent of " he-
fore," or " in front of" Steven Coerte, son
of Coert Albert, emigrated from Holland in
April, 1660, and settled at Flatlands, Long
Island, on an estate the extent of which is
indicated by the fact that he paid for it the
lurge sum of three thousand guilders, in itself
a fortune in those days. The great-grandson
of Steven Coerte was Peter (ierritse Van
Voorhees, who left Long Island in 1720 to
escape from the payment of tithes to the Eng-
lish Church, which was enforced by the colo-
nial government, and established a new home
on land which he bought at Blawenburgh.
One of his descendants was Peter Van Voor-
hees, who gave his land to his grandson Peter,
and ordered his slaves to be emancipated.
This Peter, whose father, jNIartin, di-o])ped
the prefix " Van " from the family name.
He was born May 27, 1787, and married,
March 2, 1809, Jane, daughter of Captain
John Scheuck, who, in r)ecember, 1 778, with
a few of his neighbors and a very scanty
supply of ammunition, ambuscaded the
British advance guard at Ringoes, and drove
it back upon the main column.
Peter L. Voorhees was the second son.
The years preceding his majority he spent
upon the homestead, and in the acquirement
of a common-school education, and in his
twenty-first year he selected the law for his
l)rofession. First entering the office of Rich-
ard S. Field, at Princeton, as a student, he
also studied at the Law School formerly con-
nected with the College of New Jersey, from
which he received the degrees of LL.B. and
A.M. In November, 1851, he was admitted
to the bar, and in the next year he removed
to Camden, with many of whose most im-
)K)rtant interests he has since been identified.
The main characteristic of his professional
eminence is his thorough knowledge of the
law. Profoundly versed in its principles and
j)ractice, his mind is a store-iiouseof informa-
tion upon its most complicated and abstruse
questions. The diligenic with which he
masters every point in a litigated case is as-
sisted to success by a wonderfully retentive
memory and a remarkable jxiwer of ajjplica-
tiou. He is an autlwrity upon the difficult
and doubtful intricacies of laud titles, and
some of his most creditable victories before
the courts have been won in such cases. He
is also considered an indisputable authority
upon the finely discriminating ([uestions of
practice. He was opposed to the Pennsyl-
vania Company in the memorable suit of
Black vs. the Delaware and Raritan Canal
Company, in which was involved the control
of the New Jersey railways now 0})erated by
the former corporation, and was so successful
in court that it was compelled to procure
special legislation to effect its purpose. Since
that time he has become counsel for the
Pennsylvania interest, embracing the Cam-
den and Amixpy, the West Jersey and the
Camden and Atlantic Railroads. The Mickle
will case was another celeltrated litigation
which he carried for his clients to a successful
issue.
Mr. Voorhees is president of the Camden
Safe Deposit and Trust Company, director
of the West Jersey Ferry Company and di-
rector of the Camden Hospital. In politics
he is a conservative Republican, but has al-
ways refused to become a candidate for any
office, except that for one year he filled the
position of city solicitor of Caiuden, being
elected by the Republicans and Democrats,
as opposed to the " Native Americans."
In the matter of religious education and
experience, our subject, it niay not be im-
proper to add, has not been lacking. He was
brought up in the Dutch Reformed Church,
but since 1853 has affiliated with the Presby-
terians, and has been remarkably active in
the First Church of Camden, for many years
taking particular interest in the Sunday-
226
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
Removing to Camden in 1874, lie formed a
law partnership witli his brother, Alden ('.
Scovel.
Samuel H. Grey is the son of the late
Philip J. Grey and Sarah W. Grey, his
wife.and was born in the city of Camden April
6, 1836. His early education was received
in the schools of his native town. His choice
tended strongly to the profession of the law,
and at the age of seventeen years he was
entered as a student in the office of Abraham
Browning, who, still living at an advanced
age, was at that time easily the leading law-
yer and advocate iu the southern section of
New Jersey. After the usual course of study
Mr. Grey was admitted to the bar of the
Supreme Court as an attorney-at-law at the
November Term, 1857, and as a counselor-at-
law at the February Term, 1861. His suc-
cess in his profession was immediate and sat-
isfactory. Such was his prominence that in
April, 1866, he was appointed prosecutor of
the pleas for the county of Cape May, and
performed the duties of that office until
April, 1873, serving, by successive appoint-
ments of the court, two years under the ad-
ministration of (lovernor Joel Parker, after
the expiration of the regular terra of the
office.
As a leading lawyer, Mr. Grey, in 1873,
was appointed by Governor Parker one of a
commission of fourteen, selected pursuant to
a joint resolution of the Legislature, to sug-
gest and frame amendments to the Constitu-
tion of the State, and was actively engaged
in all the transactions of the commission.
The amendments thus framed were after-
wards, in due form of law, incorporated with,
and now form a part of, the Constitution of
New Jersey.
In the quarter of a century which has
elapsed since his admission to the bar Mr.
(xrey has never permitted himself to be
diverted from his chosen profession, but has
devoted to its .study and pursuit his entire
time, and the energy and ability with whicii
he is endowed. These riginti annorum lucu-
hrafiones (to use the vigorous words of Lord
Bacon), these years of study, have brought
with them their appropriate reward. The
practice of Mr. Grey is large, lucrative
and embraces a wide class of important
cau.ses, beginning with the ca.se of McKnight
r.s. Hay, tried in 1866, at the Atlantic Cir-
cuit, in which Messrs. Peter L. Voorhees and
(teorge M. Robeson appeared for the plaintiff",
and Messrs. Joseph P. Bradley (now of the
Supreme Court of the ITnited States), Abra-
ham Browning and Mr. (xrey appeared for
the defendant, and of which Judge Elmer
speaks in his reminiscences as the most
romantic case he had ever known. Mr. Grey
has been engaged in very many of the lead-
ing causes arising in the .southern counties
of the State. In April, 1886, Mr. Grey was
selected by the managers appointed to conduct
the impeachment of Patrick H. Laverty,
keeper of the State Prison, as the leading
counsel for the prosecution, and as such con-
ducted the trial of a month, before the State
Senate, to a successful conclusion, evincing
skill, ability and eloquence of a high order.
The succe-ss of Mr. Grey has resulted, not
from study and experience alone, but largely
from his natural mental powers. His
capacity for quick, intense and accurate
thought is unusual and striking. His judg-
ment reaches a conclusion, not by careful
and laborious plodding, nor yet by intuition,
but rather, /ler saltum, by a leap over a long
pathway iif thought. This faculty enables
him very quickly to perceive and grasp the
controlling points of a group of complicated
facts, and to determine at once those upon
which his cause turns. His vocabulary is
fluent, generally accurate, often graceful and
happy, sometimes eloquent. He has a keen
sense of humor, and nature has giveu him a
powerful and musical voice, a pleasing pres-
ence and a mental and physical constitution
sufficiently robust to endure the .shocks and
fatigues of jury trials. These are all (juali-
/^7^
THE BENCH AND BAR.
227
ties whicli are necessary to the ecjuipnieiit of
a leading and accomplished advocate, and
such Mr. Grey is beyond qnestion. As was
remarked of General Sheridan duriug the
war, no situation was thrust upon him which
he has not developed capacity to meet. Mr.
Grey practices in all of the courts of this
State and is constantly retained in important
causes before the several superior courts sit-
ting at Trenton, where his reputation is
deservedly high.
In politics Mr. Grey has been an earnest
and consistent Republican, practically from
the organization of that party. From 1868
to 1871 he was an active member of the Re-
publican State Executive Committee of New
.lersey. In 1872 he was chosen as an elector
upon the Grant ticket, and as such voted for
General Grant in the only Republican Elec-
toral College ctinvened in this State. In the
same year he declined to accept the Republi-
can nomination for State Senator from the
county of Camden. In 1874, though
strongly importuned, he declined to permit
his name to be presented for the nomination
as a member of the House of Representatives
of the Congress of the United Slates, in
1880 he received a large vote in the Repub-
lican State Convention as a delegate-at-large
to the National Convention which met in
that year at Chicago. .\t tiie recjuest of
many Republicans during the present year,
he has permitted himself to be named for
the office of Senator of the Fnited States.
Mr. (irey was married September 25, 18t!2,
in (Jhrist Church, Philadelphia, to Julia
Hubley, only daughter of Charles C. Potts,
Esq., of Philadelphia. He has four daugh-
ters, — Julia Ridgway, Mary Joy, Ethel and
Alice Croasdale Grey. Au only son, Charles
Philip Grey, died in 1868 an infant.
Caleb I). Shreve was born May 9,
1833, and educated at Princeton College,
from which he was graduated in 1851. He
began the study of law with Honorable J.
L. N. Stratton, of Mt. Holly, and was ad-
mitted as an attorney at the November Term,
1861, and afterwards an a counselor.
BE^.IA^[IN D. Shreve, bom August,
1835, at Medford, Burlington County, N. J.,
was graduated from Princeton College in
1856. He studied law with Peter L. Voor-
hees, of Camden, was admitted in 1862 as
au attorney and as counselor in 1865. He
has since practiced in Camden.
George W. Gilbert was born September
21, 1834, in Philadelphia, and educated at
the public schools of Camden, to which city
he removed in 1843. He began the study
of law with Honorable Thomas H. Dudley,
of Camden, and concluded with Honorable
George S. Woodhull. He was admitted to
the bar in February, 1863. Mr. Gilbert wa.s
made deputy county clerk in 1865, and held
the office for ten years, after which he was
elected register of deeds for the term ex-
tending from 1875 to 1880. He has since
practiced his profession in Camden.
Samuel C. Cooper was born in Camden
in 1840, and is the son of Joseph W. Cooper.
He received his primary education at the
Grover School, in Camden, and entered Hav-
erford College in 1855. In 1859, he entered
the law office of Richard W. Howell, remained
with him until his death, and then entered
the office of the Honrable Thomas H. Dud-
ley, and when Mr. Dudley was appointed
consul to Liverpool he entered the office of
Judge Woodhull. He was adndtted at the
February term of court, 1863.
J. Eugene Troth was born in Newcastle
County, Delaware, January 14, 1845; re-
ceived his education at the select and public
schools and at the Delaware College, situated
at Newark, Delaware. He began the study
of law with James B. Dayton, of Camden ;
was admitted as an attorne}' in 1866, and
three years after as counselor. He was for
seven years solicitor of the county of Camden
and clerk of the Board of Chosen Free-
holders.
Martin Voorhees Bergen and his
228
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
brother Christopher A. (of whom a sketch
follows) are descendants of an old and promi-
nent family, after whom Bergen County,
N. J., was named, and they are representa-
tives of the eighth generation in this country.
The common ancestor of the family of
Long Island, New Jersey and adjacent re-
gions was Hans Hansen Bergen, of Bergen,
in Norway, who removed from there to Hol-
land, and thence, in 1633, to New Amsterdam
(now New York). Some of his descendants
settled in what is now Bergen County about
fifty years later.
Samuel Disbrow Bergen, of the seventh
generation in America, and his wife, Charity
(daughter of Judge Peter Voorhees, of
Blawenburgh, Somerset County), were resi-
dents early in the present century of Mid-
dlesex County, N. J., near Cranberry, and
lived at what was known as the Bergen
Farm or Homestead. Their son Martin V.
was born there Fel)ruary 12, 1839. He
prepared for college at Edge Hill School and
entered the sophomore class at Princeton in
September, 18t!(). Graduating from the col-
lege in 1863, he commenced the study of
law the same year in the office of Peter L.
Voorhees, of Camden, where he continued
until he graduated in November, 1866, as
an attorney -at-law. He was licensed as a
counselor-at-law in November, 1869. He
opened an office in the fall of 1866 at 119
Market Street, Camden, and continued to
practice there until he formed a partnership
with his brother and removed to 110 Market
Street. He has been twice elected superin-
dent of the Camden City schools and now
holds that position. He was married, in
February, 1880, to Mary Atkinson, of Mer-
chantville, N. J.
Christopheu a. Bercjen, Esy., whose
ancestry and parentage are given in the sketch
of his brother, was born at Bridge Point,
Somerset County, N. J., August 2, 1841.
He obtained his preparatory education at
Edge Hill Classical School, Princeton, and
entered Princeton College in the fall of
1860, graduating therefrom, with his broth-
er, in the class of 1863. Afterwards he
taught school, — first a country .school at Hope-
well, N. J., and later a private classical
school of his own at Princeton, — pursuing at
the same time law studies under the direction
of Peter L. Voorhees, Esq., of Camden. In
November, 1866, he was licensed as an at-
torney by the New Jersey Supreme Court,
and in the fall of 1869 as counselor-atlaw
by the same court. Mr. Bergen's mental ac-
tivity, onerous as are his professional duties,
is by no means confined to them. He is a
student of general literature, keeps fully
abreast of the times in political, philosophical
and popular scientific information and con-
tinues his classical studies, reading exten-
sively in Latin and Greek.
Christopher A. Bergen has been twice
married. He was united with his first wife,
Harriet, daughter of Thomas D. and Au-
gusta S. James, Augusts, 1869. Two sons
were the offspring of this union. His sec-
ond wife, to whom he was united January
26, 1886, was Fannie C, daughter of Wil-
liam L. and Adele C. Hirst, of Philadel-
phia.
The fii'm of Bergen & Bergen (M. V. &
C. A.) has been quite uniformly and steadily
successful, and probably has as large and as
widespread a clientage and correspondence as
any law firm in Camden. They iiave been
frequently opposed by the best legal talent in
the county and State, and have fully as often
been victors as vanquished, and enjoy a high
reputation. Two of the most notable cases
in which they have won success were those
(jf the Marshall estate, and the Jesse W.
Starr Camden Iron-Works case in bank-
ruptcy. The former, which aroused much
interest in the southern part of the county,
was an action charging breach of" trust
on the part of the executors, and involved
the title to five farms and a large part of
the village of Blackwood. Bergen & Bergen
^AMiUzt^ uysu^^cA^
•-»-^
THE BENCH AND BAR.
229
appeared tor the creditors agaiu.st the execu-
tors, who were rej)resented by S. H. Grey,
and Peter L. Voorhees, Esqs. In the bank-
ruptcy suit against Jesse W. Starr, above
alhided to, in which about three hundred
thousand dollars were involved, Bergen
Brothers were also successful in forcing the
creditors of Mr. Starr, to terms. Chris-
topher A. Bergen, as a rule, attends to the
court business and Martin V. devotes his at-
tention more parti<'ulariy to that department
of practice which is the function of the
counsel, though he also appears frequently in
court. Both are well-read lawyers and able
advocates.
Both of the brothers are pronounced Re-
publicans, though neither is an active poli-
tician. Christopher A. in 1884 was the
choice of a large section of his party for tlie
position of State Senator, but declined mak-
ing any etfort to secure the nomination. He
was elected president of the Camden County
Republican Club in 1886. Martin V. Ber-
gen has also been named as a candidate for
legislative honors, but has held no offices of
consequence other than the .school superin-
tendency.
George F. Fokt was born at Absecom,
Atlantic County, N. J., November 20, 1843,
and received an academic education, which
was completed at the university in Heidel-
berg, (jcrmany. He began the study of law
under Abraham Browning, of Camden ; was
admitted as an attorney in 18G(j and as a
counselor in 1869. Mr. Fort is well known
as an author, his more prominent books l)eing
" \u Historical Treatise on Early Builders'
Works," " Fort's Mediaeval Builders,"
"Medical Economy during the INIiddle Ages "
and " Fjarly Hist()ry and Antiquities of Ma-
sonry."
Robert M. Brow.nino, wh(j was a native
of Camden, born in 1844, read law with his
tatiier, Hon. Abraham Browning, and was
admitted to practice in November, 1867. He
followed his profession until his death, in 1875.
Howard M. Cooi'KU was born June 24,
1844, at Kaighns Point in the city of Cam-
den, graduated from Haverford College,
Pennsylvania, in 1864, studied law under
L'eter L. Voorhees, Esq., and was admitted
to the bar as an attorney at the November
term of the Supreme Court, 1870. He has
since followed his profession in Camden, and
in addition to the usual occupation of a law-
yer, he is a director and the solicitor of the
Camden National Bank, a director of the
C'amden Lighting and Heating Company, and
president and solicitor of the ^\'est Jersey
Orphanage tor Destitute Colored Children.
Richard T. Miller is a native of Cape
May City, N. J., where he was born Decem-
ber 16, 1845, and received his early education
at Pottstown Academy and at Easton, Conn.
He then entered the West Jersey Academy
and completed his studies under a private
tutor. He was for two years connected with
a corps of engineers engaged on the Peuu-
syivania Railroad, and in 1863 entered the
office of Judge Thomas P. Carpenter, of Cam-
den. He was admitted as an attorney in
November, 1867, and as counselor in 1870.
Judge Miller began practice in Camden, and,
March 30, 1877, was appointed judge of the
District Court of Camden, to which office he
was appointed live years later.
Jajies p. YoiTNo was born in Camden
County, in 1842, was educated in tiie schools
of that county and at the Philadelpliia Higli
School. He read law in the office of Hon.
Thomas P. Carpenter, and was admitted to
tiie bar in 1869. He was a comrade of Tiio-
mas H. Davis Post, G. A. R., No. 53, of
Haddonfield, and for three years served in
Company G., Sixth New Jersey Regiment.
He practiced in Camden for fifteen years,
and was accidentally drowned in the Dela-
ware River.
George N. Coxrow was born in Bur-
lington County, but during his youth went
West and received his litei'ary education at
Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana. Re-
230
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY. NEW .JERSEY.
turning East, lie read law with Hon. Tiionias
P. Carpenter, of Camden, was admitted to
the bar at the November Term of court, 1870,
and became counselor in 1873. He had
offices in Camden and Moorestowu, and prac-
ticed actively until his death — -a period of
about eight years.
Alfred Flanders was born in Phila-
delphia January 6, 1830, received his early
educatiou through private tutors, aud grad-
uated at Yale College in 1850. He read
law with Simp.son T. Vau Sant, of Philadel-
phia, and was admitted to the bar of tiiat
city in March, 1801, having meanwhile been
identified with the Kensington Bank as
clerk and teller. Having practiced for
a while in Philadelphia, he settled in Bur-
lington, N. J., in 1866, and was admitted to
the New Jersey bar the same year. He
practiced in Mount Holly until 1883, at
which date Mr. Flanders opened an office in
Camden.
Hkrbkrt a. Drake was born Jidy '2,
1845, in Hopewell township, Mercer Couuty,
N. J., and remained a pupil of the public
schools until 1862, when he became a student
of the Lawrenceville Higli School, and two
years later of Rutgers College, from which
institution he was graduated in June, 1868.
He entered upon the study of law with
Peter L. Voorhees, of Camden, was made an
attorney in June, 1871, and a counselor at
the June Term, 1874.
Jame.s E. Haves was born near Burling-
ton, N. J., Febiuary 18, 1844, aud after a
preliminary training at the Hightstown in-
stitution, graduated from the University of
Pennsylvania. He entered the law-office of
Robeson & Scovcl in 1867, was admitted as
an attorney in 1871 and as counselor in
1877. He was made city .solicitor of Cam-
den in 1878, and corporation coun.sel of
Gloucester City in 1883. His law co-part-
nershij) with (ieorge M. Robeson began in
A|)ril, 188.3.
Jou-N W. Wriuiit, son of Richard an<l
Abigail M. Wright, and grandson of Ricii-
ard M. Cooper, was born in Philadelphia,
August 21, 1847. He entered the Univer-
sity of Penn.sylvania and was graduated from
the Department of Arts of that institution in
the class of 1867. He became a studeut-at-
law in the office of E. Spencer Miller, Esq.,
of Philadelphia, and after graduating from
the Law Department of the University of
Pennsylvania in 1870, he was admitted to the
bar in 1871. Since the death of his uncle,
William D. Cooper, in 1875, he has been
executor, tyustee and attorney for the estates
of a large branch of the Cooper family, com-
prising much of the central portion of Cam-
den.
Jame.s H. Carpenter, sou of the Hon.
Thomas P. Carpenter, was born in Wood-
bury, N. J., November 18, 1849, and in
early youth moved with his parents to Cam-
den. He I'eceived his education at the '
school of William Fewsmith, in Philadel-
phia, and at the University of Peun.sylvania,
graduating from the latter in 1869. Immedi-
ately thereafter he entered his father's office
as a student-at-law, and was admitted to
practice November, 1872, and as a coun- J
selor in 1875. He was made a master in I
Chancery in 1875, and admitted to practice
in the United States Court in 1883.
Wilson H. Jenkins was born Xovem- J
ber 6, 1846, at Fenwick, South Carolina, aud ^
educated at the Citadel, at Charleston, aud at
the .Vrseual, at Columbia, South Carolina.
Removing to Camden in 1865, he entered J
the University of Pennsylvauia, and began "
the study of law with Richard S. Jenkins, of
Camden, in 1869; was admitted as an at-
torney in 1873, and as a counselor in I.S75.
Mr. Jenkins was appointed pi'osecutor of tin-
pleas for Camden County in 1884.
John H. Fort was born on Staten Island,
N. Y., January 10, 1851, and educated at
the pul)lic schools, at Lawrenceville Academy
and at Pennington, N. J. He studied law
with Maruiaduke B. Tavlor, of Canidcu,
THE BExVCH ANT> BAR.
231
w,is aLlmitted a> au attorney in .hme, 1873,
and as counselor iu November, 1881. He
is a master and examiner in Chancerv. Mr.
Fort lias devotp<l mueli of his time to edito-
rial work.
.ToHX F. .JoiJNE was born in Princeton,
N. J., February 4, 1850, aud pursued his
early studies at Treuton, N. J. He began
his law studies with James Wilson, and con-
cluded them with Peter L. Voorhees, of
Camden ; was admitted as an attorney in
1873, and as counselor some years later.
He was also made a member of the Philadel-
phia bar in 1882. Mr. Joline was clerk of the
New Jersey House of Assembly in 1871-72,
and is secretary and treasurer uf tlie West
Jersey Ferry Company.
Thoma.s B. Harned is a native of the
city of Philadelphia, where he was born
March 15, 1851, and received his early edu-
cation at the common schools, after which he
entered the Cohansey Glass Works, at Bridge-
ton, N. J. At the age of nineteen he began
the study of law with Hon. Charles T. Reed,
of Camden, and graduated from the Ijaw
Department of the University of Pennsyl-
vania. He was admitted to practice during
tiie June Term of 1874, and was made a
counselor in 1X77. He speedily established
a large criminal practice. Mr. Harned was
a delegate to the Chicago Convention which
nominated James (i. Blaine for the Presi-
dency in 1884.
Chari.es Van Dyke Joline was born
August 7, 1851, and educated at the Academy
and the State Model School, Trenton, N. J.
He entered Princeton College in September,
18()8, andwas graduated from that institu-
tion in June, 1871. He began the study of
law with Peter L. A^oorhees, of Camden,
was made an attorney in 1874 and a coun-
selor iu 1877. Mr. Joline is one of the in-
corporators, and has been since its organiza-
tion secretary, of the Camden County Bar
Association.
KitWAiiD Dt'DLEY was ijorn .lanuary 17,
1849, in Camden, where his early .studies
were pursued. Accompanying hi.^ father to
England, he became a pupil of the Royal In-
stitution School, in Liverpool. He returtied
to America in 18(>6 and entered Harvard
College, from which he was graduated in
1870. Mr. Dudley then made an extended
foreign tour, and was soon after appointed
United States vice-counsul and acted as
consul at Liverpool. He thus officiated
until his return to Camden, in January, 1873,
when, entering the office of Peter L. Voor-
hees as a .student of law, he was admitted as
an attorney in November, 1874, and as a
couuiselor in 1877. He is a director and
.solicitor of the National State Rank of
Camden.
Alexander Gray was born in Wilkes-
Barre, Pa., February 5, 1834, and received
his education at the common schools. He
engaged for several years in business in his
native city, and followed mechanical engi-
neering and mining until 1866. In 1870 he
began the .study of law with G. Lytel, Esq.,
of Princeton, N. J.; was admitted as an attor-
ney in 1875, and as counselor iu 1878. He
practicoid in Mercer ( "ounty until his removal
to Camden, in 1880.
Jdhn T. Woodhuel was born July 12,
1850, at Mays Landing, Atlantic County,
N. J. He was educated at home, at Free-
hold and in Philadelphia ; began the study
of law in 1869 with Aldeu C. Scovel, of
Camden, and spent one year at the Harvard
Law School. He was admitted February,
1875, and has since practiced in Camden.
WiEr.iAur C. Day-ton was born in July,
1851, in Camden, and received his academic
education at the West Jersey Academy,
Bridgeton, N. J., and in Philadelphia. He
afterward entered Princeton College and be-
gan the study of law with his father, James
B. Dayton, of Camden, was admitted as an
attorney in February, 1875, and as a coun-
selor in February, 1878. He is a director
of the Camden Safe Deposit and Trust Com-
23?
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
pauy and of the Canidfu and Atlantic Rail-
road.
Thomas E. French was born in Bur-
lington County, N. J., Jartuary 5, 1855, and
educated at the select and common schools of
that county. He, in April, 1870, entered the
law-office of B. D. Shreve, of Camden ; was
admitted as an attorney in February, 1876,
and as a counselor February, 1879. He
began practice in Camden, formed a co-part-
nership with William S. Ca.sselman, whicli
Hrm was succeeded by Garrison, French &
Casselman, and later by Garrison & French.
Peter V. Voorhees was born in Mid-
dlesex County June 18, 1852, and took his
preparatory course at the Rutgers College
Grammar School, New Brunswick, from
whence he entered college in 1869, and grad-
uated in 1873. He began his law studies
with Peter L. Voorhees, of Camden, was
admitted as an attorney in 1876, and three
years after as counselor. He is associated
with Peter I>i. Voorhees in the practice of his
profession.
John K. R. Hewitt was born in Cam-
den January 29, 1855, and pursued his early
studies at home and at the public schools.
He then engaged in business and began the
study of law some years later. He was made
an attorney in June, 1876, and a counselor
in 1880. He was elected, in 1878, solicitor
for Gloucester City, and was clerk and solic-
itor for the Board of Chcsen Freeholders of"
Camden County from May, 1880 to 1881.
Samuel D. Bergen, brother of Martin
V. and Christopher A., was born April 9,
1852, at Harlingeu, Somerset CJounty, New
Jersey ; received his early education at Edge
Hill School ; entered Princeton College in
September, 1868, joining the class of 1872.
On leaving college in 1872 he commenced the
study of law with his brothers at Camden,
and graduated as an attorney-at-law in June,
1876. He was admitted as coun.selor-at-law
in November, 1879, and has perhaps more
reputation from the suit of the Freeholders
IS. Alfred Haines, steward of the almshouse,
than in any other one cause. He carried this
suit through five trials or phases, being suc-
cessful in each one and secured a final decis-
ion in favor of the plaintiffs. He married
Eliza F., daughter of Genge Browning.
August F. Richter is a native of Phila-
delphia, where he was born September 10,
1855. He was educated at La Salle College
and at Bryant & Stratton's Business College,
Philadelphia, and began his law studies in
1871 with Marmaduke B. Taylor, of Cam-
den. The.se studies were continued at the
Law Department of the University of Penn-
.sylvania, after which he was admitted to
practice at the November Term in 1876.
He was, three years later, made a counselor.
Joseph Willard Morgan was born
July 6, 1854, on a farm near Blackwood,
now (Tloucester, then C'amden, County, N. J.,
and educated at the common schools in
his native county and in Philadelphia. He
began the study of law with Honorable
Charles P. Stratton, of Camden ; was admit-
ted as an attorney in February, 1877, and as
a counselor in February, 1881. He was ap-
pointed to fill a vacancy in the City Council
of Camden soon after reaching his majority,
later elected for three years and subsequently
re-elected. He has been for several years
United States commissioner and is now city
.■solicitor for the city of Camden.
Samitei- W. Sparks is a native of Wil-
liamstown, N. J., where he was born Decem-
ber ?>0, 1855. He was educated at Absecom,
Atlantic County, N. J., and afterward learned
the trade of a pri.nter, which he followed for
four years. He began the study of law with
Alden C. Scovel, of Camden, and was ad-
mitted to practice in 1877. He is master and
■solicitor in Chancery, and has also been ad-
mitted to practice in the State of Iowa.
Timothy J. Middleton w;ts born Octo-
ber 15, 1855, and educated in the city of
Camden. He entered the office of Thomas
B. Harncd in June, 1874 ; was admitted as
THE BENCH AND BAR.
233
an attorney in 187S and as counsellor in
18S1. He lias for several years been solicitor
for the Board of Education of Camden, was
in 1881 elected chosen freeholder and in
1S82 clerk and solicitor for the Board of
Chosen Freeholders.
Lemuel J. Potts, a native of Camden,
was born March 17, 1843, and educated at
the public schools as also by private tutors.
Removing to Illinois, he engaged in business,
and (HI his return from the West Ijegan the
study of law with Alden ( '. Scovel, of Cam-
den. He was admitted to the bar in 1878,
and three years later was made a counselor.
Charles G. Garkison, M.D., is a native
of Swedesboro', N. J. His education was re-
ceived at the Edge Hill School, Princeton,
at the Episcopal Academy, Philadelphia, and
at the University of Pennsylvania. He
graduated in 1872 from the Medical Depart-
ment of that institution, and until 187()
practiced medicine in Swedesboro', N. J. He
then entered the office of Samuel H. Grey,
of Camden, and was admitted to the bar in
1878. He began practice in Camden as a
member of the firm of Garrison & French.
Mr. Garrison was made judge advocate-gen-
eral of the National Guard of New Jersey
in 1884 and chancellor of the Southern Dio-
cese of the Protestant E[)iscopal Church of
New Jersey in 1.S82.
William S. H(JFFman is a native of Phil-
adelphia and was born February 2, 1857.
His education was received in the public
schools of that city and in New York. He
began the study of law in Camden with Al-
fred Hugg, Es([.; was admitted as an attorney
in November, 1878, and as a counselor in
November, 1881. He has received the ap-
pointment of master and examiner in Chan-
cery.
Henry A. Scovel, a native of Camden,
N. J., was born February 25, 1858, and
attended the school of Charles F. Woodhull,
from whence he entered the Hyatt Military
Academy, at Chester, I'a. He was admittetl
29.1
as an attorney Feliruary 2(i, 1879, and as a
coun.^elor at the June Term, 1SS4.
W.M. S. C.\s.SELMAN was burn December
5, 1854, in Pliiiadelphia, and coming to
( 'amden quite young, was educated in the
public schools ; read law with Judge (Iharles
P. Stratton ; was ailmitted to the bar as au at-
torney in June, 1879, and as a counselor in
June, 1883.
JoNA.s S. Miller was born at Cape May
City and educated at the West .Jersey
Academy, at Bridgeton. He served an ap-
prenticeship as a printer, and followed the
trade until 1875, when, entering ujxin the
study of law, he became a student in the
office of his brother, Hon. Richard T. Miller,
of Camden. He was made an attorney in
1879, and a counselor in 1883. During the
latter year he was appointed prosecutor of
the pleas for Cape May C'ounty, N. J., and
still fills the office.
Franklin C. A\'ik)LM.\x was born Octo-
ber 11, 1855, in Burlington, N. J. He was
educated in Philadelphia ami later entered
Princeton College. He l)egan the study of law
in 1875, in the office of Hon. David J. I'an-
coast, of Camden, and graduated from the
Law Department of the Uuiversity of Penn-
svlvania in 1877. Mr. Woolman was ad-
mitted to the bar as an attorney in 1879, and
as coun.sclor in 1883.
Edward Ajubler ARMSTR()X(i was l)orn
in Woodstown, Salem County, N. J., De-
cendier 28, 1858, and educatei^l in the
Woodstown Academy and the Millville
High School. In 1876 he entered the law-
office of George N. Conrow, and, upon the
death of the latter, finished his studies with
Benjamin D. Shreve, of Camden. He was
admitted to the bar at the February Term of
1880. In 1883 he was elected to the As-
sembly from the First District of Camden
County, and upon his re-election, in 1884,
was made Speaker of the House at the age of
twenty-six years, being the youngest man
who has occupied the position. He was
234
HISTOKY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
elertcd for tlu; tliiril teriii in IS80, ami was
re-elected Speaker, l)eiiig by virtue of that
office a trustee of the State School Board and
a member of the State Board of Education.
Samimu, K. RouniNS was born in Mount
Holly, N. J., May 9, 1853, and after a |)rc-
paratory course, grailuated at Princeton Col-
lege in 1874. In 1877 he began the study
of law with Charles E. Hendrickson, of
Mount Holly; was admitted June, 1880, and
as a counsellor in 1884. He is the present
prosecutor of the pleas for the county of
Burlington. Mr. Iiol)bins also has an office
in Moorestown, N. J.
Samtel p. Joxks was born in Kent
County, Delaware, and educated principally
in Burlington County, N. J., and Camden.
He began the study of law in 1876, and was
admitted to the bar in 1880. He has since
been engaged in practice in Camden.
Edmund B. Leaminc; was born at South
Seaville, Cape May County, N. J., May 27,
1857, and educated by his father. He grad-
uated at the Capital City Commercial Col-
lege, Trenton ; began the study of law with
Judge James Buchanan, of Trenton, in 1877 ;
was admitted in February, 1881, and made
a counselor tiire(M'cars after. He is a mem-
ber of the firm of Ijcaming, ]51ack iV: Klioads,
of C^amden.
John J. Cuandau, was born in Tioga
County, N. Y., Novemi)er 8, 18.'>(), and edu-
cated at the academy in Oswego, N. Y.
He entered the law-offi<« of Thomas Far-
rington, of thesanje town, and continued his
studies at Troy, Pa,, while princi])al of liie
Troy Academy. lie was admitted to prac-
tice in the courts of Michigan in 18r)(), wliei'o
he pursued his profession until 1870. Re-
moving to New Jersey, he was admitfcHl to
the Camden County bar at the June Term of
1880, and as counselor in 188.'3.
Fi.oitANc F. HooATE, a native of (ilou-
ccster County, N. J., w-as born March 15,
1858, and educated at Bridgeton, in the com-
mon schools and at the West Jersey Acad-
emy. He entered the office of M. B. Taylor,
Esq., as a student ; was admitted to the bar
at the February Term, 1881, and at once
began practice in Camden. He is officially
connected with several important corporations
in the State.
John Harris was born in IJurliiigtou
("ounty, N. J., May U), 18(j0, and in youth
attended the common schools. He entered
the law-office of Messrs. Jenkins & Jenkins,
in Camden, and was admitted as an attt)rncy
in June, 1881 ; three years later he was made
a counselor. He was elected clerk of the
Jioard of Chosen Freeholders in May, 1886.
He is a member of the law-firni of Scovel &
Harris.
Hknry M. Snvdkh, Jr., was born Feb-
ruary 15, 1857, in Philadelphia, and educated
at the public schools. He read law with
Peter L. Voorhees, of Camden; was admitted
as an attorney in 1881, and as counselor in
1884. He is, for the second term, a member
of the Camden City Council.
B. F. H. Shreve was born at Mount
IIollv, and graduated at Trinity College,
Hartford, Conn. He began the study of law
with B. I). Shreve, and was admitted as an
attorney in 188.'). He is located in Camden.
Charles 1. Wooster was born in llain-
monton, X. J., March 25, 184ti, anti received
his preliminary education at the public schools
of Camden County. He was afterward made
de[)uty county clerk and under-sheriff of the
county. He entered the law-office of Messrs.
IJergen & Bei-gen, attorneys, as a student,
an<l began practice in June, 1881, when he
was admitted.
WlEI.IAM W. WOODHITI,!,, Jr., was boru
July 12, 1858, at May's Landing, New Jer-
sey, and received his early education in private
schools of Camden. He began the study of
law, October 3, 187(5, in the office of Peter
L. Voorhees, and was admitted to practice
at the June term of court, 1881. He was
for something over a year in the office of
Colonel Isaac Buckalew, then suitei-iutendeMt
THE BENCH AND BAR.
235
of the Amboy Division of the Peuusylvania
Railroad, as private secretary. He dieil
Fcl)ruary 9, 1882, just as lie was about enter-
ing upon tlie practice of law. He was a
young man of remarkable promise.
Alfkei) L. Br.ACK, Jr., was oorn No-
vember 1(3, 1858, in Chesterfieiil township,
Burlington County, N. J. After attemling
a private school in Ocean County, N. J., he
entered the sophomore class at Princeton
and graduated June 20, 1878. He begau
the study of law with James Wilson, Es([.,
of Trenton, X. .1.; was admitted in Novem-
ber, ISSl, and made a counselor in 1881.
He began practice in Camden in 1881 as one
ot' the firm of Learning A: Black (now
Leaming, Black tt Khoads). The firm are
city solicitors for Cape May, Sea Isle City,
Anglesea, Ocean City and South Atlantic
City.
H()WAF!i) .1. SxANciEK, a native of Cam-
den, was l)orn in Camden County, N. J.,
De<'ember 211, 1857, and educated principally
by private tutors. He entered upon the
study of law in the s])ring of 1878 with
Hon. Charles T. Keed, of Camden; was
made an attorney at the June Term of 1882,
and a counselor in June, 1885. He is a
master, examiner and solicitor in Chancery.
Juiix W. W.\KTM.\.v was born in Camden,
N. J., December 1(1, 1857, and educated at
the |)ublic schools. He began the study of
law with Thomas J5. Harned, June 1, 1878 ;
was admitted to practice iu June, 1882, and
as counselor in June, 1885. He had been
for three years a member of the City Coun-
cil ol' Camden.
I lowARO Carik >w was born September .'30,
18(10, in Camden, Delaware, and educated at
Bridgeton and in Philadi'Iphia. He began
the study of law with Thomas B. Harned, of
Camden, and was admitted in June, 1882.
Three years later he was madi; a counselor.
He was also, in 1 882, admitted as member of
the United States Coiu-t.
Edmund E. Rkad, Jk., .son of John S.
Read, was boiii in ( 'auiden, August 7, 1859.
He obtained a preparatory education in the
school of William Fewsmith,at 1(»()8 Chest-
nut Street, Philadelphia, and then entered
th(^ I 'Diversity of i'ennsyl vania, from which
institution he was graduated with the degree
of A. B., in the yc^ar I87;t. Studied law in
the otiiee of I'eler L. N'oorhee.s, and was
admitted to the bar in .lune, |8i;2, and has
since practiced in Camden. He is a director
of the Camden Fire 1 nsni-ance A.ssociation ;
secretary of the I'"i'ankliii, Peo|)le's and ( 'ity
Building Associations, and secretary of the
(iloucester Turnpike Company.
Samitkl W. Beldivn was born in Bor-
dentown, X. J., April 4, 18(51, and graduated
at the New Jersey ('ollegiate Institute
in 187(). He began the study of law
with ex-.ludge James Buchanan in 1878,
was admitted to the bar as an attorney in
IS.S2, and as counselor in 1885. He entered
into partnership with Judge Buchanan in
1882, and two years later became a member
of the firm of Hutchinson it Beldon, of
Camden and Bordentowii.
John V. Harned was born March 28,
1856, in Camden, and e(lucated at the public
schools. He actpiired the trade of a printer,
followed it for six years and began the study
of law in 1878 with M. B. Taylor, Es(|., of
Camden. He was admitted to the bar during
the fall term of 1882, and as a cwun.selor in
November, 1885. He has since practiced in
Camden.
Edwai;i) H. SAiNDEiis, son of the sur-
veyor of the same name, was born in ('am-
den, read law with Howard M. Cooper, was
ailnutted to practice in Novendjer, 1882, and
died about two years later.
Thomas P. Curley, a native of Camdeu,
was born Se[)tend)er 19, 18()l,and received
his education in the ]>arochial schools con-
nected with the Church of the Immaculate
Conception and the I^a Salle College, I'hila-
del[)hia. He clio.sc the law as a profession ;
was admitted as an attorney November, 1882,
236
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
and made a lua^^tur in C'hauceryin February,
1883.
Robert C. Hutchinsdn was lioiii in
Yardville, Mercer County, N. J., December
14, 1859, and educated at the Lawrenceville
High Scliool and at Harvard College. He
entered the Harvard Law School, continued
his studies with the late Alden C. Scovel, of
Camden, and admitted to the bar in 1883. He
has offices in Camden and Bordentown, and is
a member of the firm of Hutchinson & Belden.
Walter P. Blackwood was born at
Moorestown, N. J., November 26, 1861, and
educated in the public schools of Camden.
He adopted the law as a profession in 1878,
studied with J. Willard Morgan, and was
admitted in February, 1883.
Richard S. Ridgway Avas born in Cam-
den August 7, 1859, and received his edm-a-
tion at the public schools. He entered liie
law-office of Alfred Hugg in 1879, and was
made an attorney in 1883.
Israel Roberts was born in Burlington
County, N. J., June 19, 1858, received his
early education at private schools, and gradu-
ated from Swarthmore College, Pa., in 1878.
He entered the office of Thomas H. Dudley
& Son as a student of the law in Sejitembcr,
1880, and wa.s admitted to the bar as an at-
torney in 1883.
George Reynolds was born in Philadel-
phia, Jan. 30, 1859, and educated at the Bur-
lington (N. J.) public schools. He studied law
with Hon. Richard T. Miller, of Camden, and
was made an attorni^y in February, 1884.
Samhet, N. SiiRF.VE was born Sept. HI,
1860, at Mount Laurel, Burlington Co., N. J.,
and finished his academic studies at tiic West-
town Boarding-Scliool, Chester Co., I'a. He
chose the law as a profession, and, entering the
office of lienjamin 1). Slircvc, of Camden,
was admitted at the February Tern), 1884.
Ulysses G. Styron was born at Cape
Hatteras, N. C, September 3, 18()3,and pur-
sued his studies at the common schools of iiis
county, in May, 187-"., he canu; to Camden,
and entered the office of Hon. E. A. Armstrong
as a student Jan. 1, 1881. He was admitted
to practice at the February Term, 1 885.
L. D. H. GiLMOUR was born October 27,
1860, at Cape May City and educated at the
South Jer.sev Institute, Bridgeton. He became
a student in law-office of H. M. ( 'ooper in 1 881
and was made an attorney in 1885. He is also
associated with the Pennsylvania Railroad.
• George A. Vkoom was born Oct. 21, 1861 ,
in New Brunswick, N. J., and received his
education at Rutgers College. He began the
study of law witii John T. Woodhull, Esq., of
('amdeii, and was admitted to the Camden
County bar at the June term of 1885, after
which he began practice in Camden.
JosHi'A E. Borton was born November
16, 1861, in Mount Laurel, Burlington
( 'ouutv. New Jersey, and educated at the
public schools at Bordentown and in C'liester
County, Pa. He beaime a student of the
law in November, 1880, under the precep-
torship of Messrs. Jenkins t*i: Jenkins, of Cam-
den, and was admitted in November, 1884.
William P. Fowler, born in Philadel-
|ihia Octol)er 7, 1857, was educated at the
South .lersey Institute, Bridgeport, N. J.,
i-cad law with Judge David J. Pancoast and
Marmaduke B. Taylor, Esip, of Camden, and
was admitted to the bar November 6, 1884.
Schuyler C. Woodhull was born Oct.
22, 1863, in Camden and was educated by a
private tutor. He began the study of law w^itli
his brother, Hon. Geo. S. Woodhull, in 1881,
and concluded with Judge David J. l*ancoast,
after which he was admitted in Feb., 1886.
I'e.wnington T. HiLitUHi'ii was Ixn-n at
C'a[)e May Conrt-Housc and educiited at
iVnnington, X. J. He began his legal
studies in 1882 with John B. Hott'man, Es(p,
and concluded tlicm with Judge David J.
Pancoast, of Camden. He was made an at-
torney at the June Term of 1886.
"The Camden C\)t'NTY Bar Assoclv-
TKiN "' was incorporated \\m\ 16, 1881, by
Al)raliaiii Browning, Thomas Jl. Dudley,
A HISTORY OF MEDICINE AND MEDICAL MEN.
237
Peter L. Vi)orliees, Benjamin D. Shreve,
C!hristoplier A. Bergen, Richard T. Miller,
Howard M. Cooper, David J. Pancoast, Her-
bert A. Drake, William C. Dayton, Peter Y.
Voorhees, Charles V. D. Joline. Its ob-
jects were '' To maintain the honor and dig-
nity of the profession, to cultivate social re-
lations among its members, to promote and
encourage the more profound study of the
law, the due administration of justice and re-
form in the law and to establish and maintain
an efficient lawlibrary in the City of Camden."
Meets first Monday of every month at its
library, 106 Market Street, Camden. Annua!
meeting, first Monday of May each yeai-.
There are about forty -three members. TJie
present officers are, — President, Abraham
Browning ; 1st Vice President, Thomas H.
Dudley ; 2d Vice President, Peter L. Voor-
iiees ; Treasurer, Howard M. Cooper ; Secre-
tary, Charles V. D. Joline. Managers, C. A.
Bergen, chairman ; B. D. Shreve, C. D. Shreve,
R. T. Miller, H. A. Drake, P. V. Vooihees,
VV. S. Casseiman. There are also the follow-
ing committees; Admission, grievances, pro-
secutions, amendment of the law.
The association maintains a library that is
constantly growing in size and value. Its
rooms are on the third floor of 106 Market
Street, adjoining the chambers of the Court
of Chancery, and are complete in every re-
spect as a place for lawyers to retire and
work up a difficult case. Among the books
are the English Common Ijaw and Equity
Reports and the Reports of the United
States Supreme Court. Reports of the States
of Maine, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New
York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, ( )hio,
Michigan, California, besides a large number
of digests, commentaries, statutes, etc.
The association h;us taken a great interest
in legislation, and every winter since its or-
ganization it has introduced bills looking to
the improvement of local measures and sent
a committee to the Legislature to effect their
passage.
30
C H A P T E R XIV.
A HISTORY OF MKDICIXE AND MEDICAL
MEN.
BY JOHN R. STEVENSON, .\.M., M.D.
"At the annual meeting of the Camden Connty
Medical Society, held at Gloucester City on May 11,
1880, on motion it was Resolved, that Dr. John R.
Stevenson, of Haddonfield, be appointed a (Committee
of one to prepare a History of Medicine and Medical
Men in Camden County and report the same at the
next semi-annual meeting in November."
Two hundred years ago, in 1686, seven
years after the first .settlement in what is now
Camden County, there was ni)t a medical
man in it. The few settlers were lottated
along the shore of the Delaware River, and
on Coopers, Newton and Little Timber
Creeks, where the water formed the only
means of easy communication with each otliei".
There were no roads, no bridges to cross the
streams, and the trail of the Indian was the
only route through the wilderness. A few-
medicinal herbs brought from home had
been transplanted into the gardens. With
the virtues of these they were familiar. The
new country abounded in native plants,
who.se healing powers had been for ages
tested by the aborigines, and a knowledge of
whose properties they conveyed to their white
neighbors. Each autumn the careful house-
wife collected the horehound, boneset, penny-
royal, sassafras and other herlis to dry for
future use. This custom is still pursued in
the remote parts of the county, and to-day a
visit to the garrets of many farm-houses will
reveal the bunches of drietl herbs, a knowl-
edge of whose merits has been handed down
from generation to generation, — -a knowledge
that has spread beyond its neigliborhood, and
has been incorporated in our Pharmacopieias
and Dispensatories.
In each settlement there was some elderly
matron of superior skill and experience in
midwifery wlio kindly volunteered her ser-
vice in presiding at the birth of a new colonist.
238
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
I II tlie hark canoe arouud by the water-way,
or seated on a pillion strapped behind the
saddle of the j)atient's messenger, riding double
through the woods, this obstetrician would be
conveyed from her own home to that of her
suffering neighbor. When a wound was
received or a bone broken, there was no
surgeon to dress the former or set the latter.
The wound, bound up as best it might be,
was left for the cool water of the brook or
spring to allay the pain and inflammation. The
broken bone was placed at rest in that posi-
tion least painful to the patient, to await the
process of nature to make an indifferent cure.
As soon as Philadelphia had grown sufficient-
ly to attract physicians, one was called from
there to attend important cases of surgical
injurie,s, and as highways were opened and
the settlers increa.sed in wealth, the most
thriving of them would send for the city
doctor in other .serious illness. This practice
has continued even to our time.
AN OLD-TIME DOCTOK.
Such were tJie primitive means and
methods of medication in Camden County at
the beginning of the eighteenth century,
when John Estaugh, arriving from England,
married, in 1702, Elizabeth Haddon, the
founder of Haddon field. Although not a
physician, he " had some skill in chemistry
and medicine," and made himself useful in
his neighborhood, especially by his attend-
ance upon the poor. His first residence
was upon the south side of Coopers Creek,
about four miles from Camden, but in 1713
he removed to the vicinity of Haddonfield,
where he died in 1 742.
The jiermission to practice medicine was a
prerogative that belonged to the crown, under
English law, and when a charter was granted
in 1664, to the Duke of York for the prov-
ince of New Jersey, this prerogative, im-
plied or expressed, was granted to him and to
his successors in the persons of the Gover-
nors. On March 5, 1706, Governor Richard
Ingolsby, at Burlington, i.ssued the following
liceu.se: "To Richard Smith, Gentleman,
greeting; Being well informed of your knowl-
edge, skill and judgment in the practice of
chirurgeryand phesig, I do hereby license and
authorize you to practice the said sciences of
chirurgery and phesig within this her Maje.s-
tys province of New Jersey, for and during
pleasure." On May 24, 1706, a similar
license was granted to Nathaniel Wade.'
In 1772 the New Jersey State Medical
Society procured the passage of an act, limit-
ed to five years, which provided that all
applicants to practice medicine in the State
shall be examined by two judges of the
Supreme Court (they calling to their assistance
any skilled physician or surgeon), to whom
they may issue a certificate. This law was
re-enacted in 1784, and continued in force
until 1816, when a new charter granted to
the State society transferred the power of
licensure to it.
The first record of a physician in the
county is in the "Town-Book" of Newton
township, among the minutes of a meeting
held on September 29, 1731. The record
says, — "and to pay themselves ye sum of
four pounds twelve shillings and two pence
being due to them from the township upon
acct. of the poor, and to pay Doctr. Kersay
for administg physic to sd. Hart. " The
person referred to here was one of the I)rs.
Kearsley, of Philadelphia. The elder, r)r.
John Kearsley, was a native of England, and
' Hon. Jolin Clement's MSS.
A HISTORY OF MEniCINE AND MEDICAL MEN.
239
came to this country in 1711. He was tlie
third j)hysician to settle and practice medi-
cine in Philadelphia, and was a prominent
and able man, botli as a practitioner and a
citizen. He was a member of the Colonial
Assembly and a popular orator. He died in
1732. There was a younger Dr. Kearsley,
a nephew of the first-named, who succeeded
to his uncle's practice. He espoused the
cause of the proprietors and crown against
the rights of colonists, a proceeding that
madehiin very unpopular, and caused him to
be subjected to such gross indignities as to
induce chronic insanity. As Newton town-
sliip then embraced the territory bordering
on the river-shore opposite to Philad«^lphia,
it is probable that the practice of both these
l)hysicians extended across the river into this
county.
The next notice of a physician in Camden
County is to be found in the " Registry of
Wills," at Trenton. Under tiie date of 1 748
is recorded the will of "John Craig, Doctor
of Piiysick, of Haddonfield." He evidently
had practiced medicine there, but whence he
came or how long he lived there cannot now
be ascertained. There is no positive record
of what were the prevalent diseases in early
times in Camden County. Small-pox pre-
vailed occasionally, and, after tlie discovery
of inoculation in 1721, was combated by
that method of treatment. Inflammatory
diseases were common among a po])ulation
exposed to the vicissitudes of an unaci'us-
tomed climate. Dysentery occurred in July
and August. Although all the houses in
early days were built on the streams, there is
circumstantial evidence to show that malarial
fevers were at first infrecpient ; nor did tiiey
become prevalent until considerable extent
of forest had been cleared away, and the
soil of much new ground upturned by the
plough. The first information on this sub-
ject from a professional source is furnished
by Peter Kalm,a professor in the University
of Arbo, iu Sweden, who, by order of the
Swedish government, visited, among other
places, filoucester County between 1747 and
1749. At Raccoon (Swedesboro') he found
that fever and ague was more common than
other dis(»ases. It showed tlie same charac-
teristics as are found to-day. It was quotid-
ian, tertian and quartan, and prevailed iu
autuuui and wiutei-, and in low places more
than in high ones ; some years it was preva-
lent throughout the coimty (Camden County
was then included iu it), wiiile iu others
there would be but very few (wses. The
remedies then employed to overcome it were
Jesuit's (Peruvian) bark, bark of the yellow
poplar and root of the dog-wood. Pleurisy
was also very common, and was fatal with
old peo])le. Under this name were classed
many cases of pneumonia, a disease not then
well understood.
In 1771 Kesiah Tonkins, widow of Joseph,
who died in 17G5, lived on a farm between
C'amden and Gloucester City, known as the
" Mickle estate." Betsveen that date and
1776 she married Dr. Benjamin Vanleer,
who lived with her on this place. She was
the daughtei' of Joseph Ellis, of Newton
township. It is supposed tiiat Dr. Vanleer
practiced in the surrounding country, as he
took an active part in the affairs of the peo-
ple, being one of a " Committee of Corre-
spondence " for Gloucester County in the year
1775, in relation to the troubles between
the colonies and the mother government.
He was a man of fashion, dressed in the
Continental style, with kuee-lireeches, and
was proud of his " handsome leg." He did
not remain long in New Jersey. A Dr.
Benjamin Vanleer residing, iu 178.'i, on
Water Street, between Race and Vine, I'hil-
adelphia, is supposed to be the same persou.
Although this history is confined to that
portion of Gloucester which is now Camden
C'ounty, yet Dr. Thomjis Hendry, of Wood-
bury, ought to be classed among its physi-
cians, because his field of practice included
this section, aud for tiie reason that his de-
240
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
scendants became practitioners in it. He
was born in 1747, in Burlington County, of
English parentage, his mother's name being
Bowman, from whom her sou received his
surname. He served in the Revolutionary
War, being commissioned superintendent of
hospital April 3, 1777; surgeon Third Bat-
talion, Gloucester. "Testimonials from Gen-
eral Dickinson and General Heard, certifying
that Dr. Hendry had served as a surgeon to
a brigade of militia, that he had acted as a
director and superintendent of a hospital, and
recommending that he should be allowed a
compensation adequate to such extraordinary
services, was read and referred to the hon'-
ble Congress." He took an active part in
political affairs, and was once clerk of the
county. He died September 12, 1822.
The next physician in Camden County
was Dr. Benjamin H. Tallman, who prac-
ticetl in Haddonfield. He probably located
there about 1786, the year in which he was
licensed to practice in New Jersey. From
the year 1788 to 1793 he was the township
physician, as it appears that in each of tlio.se
years he was paid by it for his services in
attending tlie poor. He was elected a mem-
ber of the Friendship Fire Company of
Haddonfield, September (J, 1792. On
October 4, 1791, he read a paper before the
College of Physicians of Philadelphia, on
the sudden effects of an effusion of cold
water in a case of tetanus. He died about
1796.
Cotemporary with the above-named phy-
sician was Dr. Evan Clement. He was the
son of Samuel Clement, who married Beulah
Evans in 1758. They had two children,
Samuel and Evan.' The latter was born in
Haddonfield, but the exact date is not known,
neither is there any record of when or where
he studied medicine. He married, A()ril 8,
1 795, Anna, daugiiter of James and Kliza-
beth Wills, and lived in the biick iiouse at
' Hon. John Clement's .MSS.
the corner of Main and Ellis Street,s, re-
cently purchased and taken down by Alfred
W. Clement. Dr. Clement was in practice
there in 1794, and died in 1798. He was
the first native of the county to adopt the
profession of medicine and practice it in his
native place.
It is a noteworthy circumstance that ibr a
hundred years after the settlement of the
county no one born in it had studied medi-
cine. The poorer classes were unable to
procure the means for acquiring the requisite
education, while the wealthier ones altogether
neglected it. It is true that prior to the foinid-
ing of the University of Pennsylvania, in 1765,
the only means of obtaining a knowledge of
medicine was either to pursue a course ot
study under some competent physician, wliere
the student was apt to be considered half a
servant, or else by attendance at a medical
school in England. The prospects of pro-
fessional or pecuniary succe.ss in the county
were not flattering. But in addition to this,
there was a sentiment in this community
unfriendly to the medical profession as a
calling. In sickness the ministrations of
friends and relatives, with their teas and
potions, and the quack remedies of popular
charlatans, who flourished then as well as
now, were deemed sufficient. If, after this
medication, the patient died, it was attributed
to a " wise dispensation of Providence." The
midwives were considered to be adequate to
manage ob.stetrical cases. There .still lingered
among the people the tradition of their
English ancestors, that tlie red and white
striped pole was the sign of the combined
office of barber and surgeon. These preju-
dices fi)und ex|)ression in two diametrically
opposite opinions. Tiie stout, robust farmer
and the active and alert merchant and me-
chanic looked with contempt upon a yoiilli
who had aspirations for the life of a i)hysi-
cian as one who was too lazy to work. The
women, whose remembrances of the midnight
ride of the doctor through rains and snow
A HISTORY OF .MEDICINE AND MEDICAL MEN.
241
ami cliilliug winds, thought the liard.ships
and exposure too great for their brothers and
sous. Tiiese prejudices passed away but
slowly.
Dr. John Blackwood, who began his pro-
fessional career in Haddontield, became the
successor of Dr. Evan Clement, not only by
succeeding to his practice, but by marrying
his widow in 1799. He was the sou of
Joseph and Rebecca Blackwood, and wa*
born at Black woodtown, July 28, 1772. His
wife was a member of Friends' Meeting, but
was di.sowned for marrying out of it. Dr.
Blackwood remained but a short time in
HaddonKchl. He removed to Mount Holly,
where he became prominent in public affairs,
serving at one time as postmaster and also as
judge of the Court of Common Pleas and
Orphans' Court of Burlington County.' He
died in Mount Holly March 16, 1840.
Up to the close of the eighteenth century
Haddonfield may be considered as having
been the medical centre of the territory of
Camden County. It was not only the oldest
town in it, but it was the third oUlest in the
State. All the physicians who had practiced
within the limits of the county had either
lived in Haddonfield or Newton township,
of which it was the seat of authority. J''or
nearly half a century later it still retained
its pre-eminence, until the growth of Cam-
den, and its becoming the seat of justice ibr
the county, transferred the supremacy to the
latter.
In more recent times Haddonfield has had
the doubtful honor of being the seat of one
of the notorious John Buchanan's (of Phila-
delphia) bogus medical colleges. Between
1870 and 1880 the doctor owned a farm on
the Clement's Bridge road, about four miles
from the place, upon which he spent a por-
tion of his time. During this period diplo-
mas of the mythical " Univ(n-sitv of Medi-
cine and Surgery of Haddonfield, N. J.,"
' S. Wickes' History of Medicine in .New Jersey.
were oti'cred for sale by his agents in Eu-
rope.
The period now being considered was a
transition one for the uation, which was tiien
being developed from the former colonies,
through a confederation of independent
States, into a great empire. The science and
practice of medicine here participated in this
change. At this time there appeared in
Camden County a physician, who was des-
tined to be its Hi[)po('rates for forty years,
and whose memory, though dead for half a
century, is still preserved green in the farm-
hou.ses and hamlets of this county. This
was Dr. Bowman Hendry, son of Dr. Thos.
Hendry, of \\'oodbury.
Dr. Bowman Hendry was born October 1 ,
177o. He was educated at the Woodbury
Academy, pursuing his studies under a Mr.
Hunter, a classical scholar and a man of
high literary attainments. At the age of
seventeen he commenced the study of medi-
cine, under the preceptorship of his father,
and then attended lectures at the University
(if Pennfsylvania, residing, as a pupil, in the
house of Dr. Duftield. When about twenty
years of age, and .still a student, the Whiskey
Insurrection broke out in Penn.sylvania, and
troops being called out for its suppression,
young Hendry joined the ranks as a private
soldier, and marched with them to Lancas-
ter. The influence of his father, with Pro-
fessor James, the surgeon of the troops, se-
cured his release from the ranks, a prema-
ture e.xamination at the University, whitth he
successfully pa.s.sed, and his appointment as
assistant surgeon of the troops. This was a
bloodless war, and soon ended. Dr. Hendry
now began to look around for a field for
practice, finally .selecting Haddonfield. He
liegan his active life as a physician in 1794,
and upon the death of Doctors Tallman and
Clement, and the removal of Dr. Blackwood
to Mount Holly, he became the only doctor
in the place. His practice now increased
very rapidly, and stretched over a large ex-
242
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
tent of territon', exteiuling from the Dela-
ware liiver to the sea-sliore, a distance of
sixty miles. He was a man of indefatigable
industry and indomitable perseverance in the
])iirsuit of his calling. Kind-hearted and gen-
erous, lie possessed that suamter in re which
won the affection of his patrons. Many ai'e
the anecdotes that are recorded of him.
For fifteen years he made his visits on
horseback, having no carriage. At length
he procured at a vendue an old sulky, wiiich
was only an ordinary chair placed upon
wooden springs, without a top to protect him
from the sun or rain. The price [)aid for the
vehicle and harness was thirty dollars. An
old " Friend " witnessing this extravagance,
remarked, " Doctor, I fear thee is too fast in
making this purchase. Thee will not be
able to stand it, and make thy income meet
thy expenses." This gives us an idea of the
life of a physician in those days, and of the
value of his services in the public estima-
tion. In his journeys through the " Pines "
on the Atlantic slope he would sotuetimes
become lost at night, and be cunipelled to
sleep in tlie woods, tying his horse to a tree.
He was always prompt to answer every call,
no matter whether the patient was rich or
poor, and being a furious driver, he had been
known, in cases of emergency, to break down
a good horse in his hurry to quickly reacli
the bedside, and that, too, in a case where he
knew that he would not receive any pay for
his services. It iias been estimated thai, in
the course of forty years, he wore out over
two hundred horses. He risked his lite and
gave his services in all cases. A family of
negroes, living seven miles from Haddon-
field, were attended by him for typhus fever,
and, although warned that they were vaga-
bonds, thieves and utterly worthless, yet he
not only continued his visits, but gave them
medicine and sent them |(rovisions from a
neighboring store.
Notwithstanding the arduous duties of
such an extensive jsrivate practice, Dr. Hen-
dry found time to attend to public duties.
For many years he had charge of the Glou-
cester County Almshouse. He served as
surgeon of Captain J. B. Cooper's volunteer
cavalry in 1805, formed from the young men
of Haddonfield and Woodbury. He took
ail active part in religious affairs. He was a
member and vestryman of St. Mary's Pro-
testant Episcopal C^hurch, Colestown, until
itj congregation was drawn away from it by
tiie building of new churches in the growing
towns of Moorestown and Camden. Dr.
Hendry was one of the originators of St.
Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church in Cam-
den, and was chairman of the first meeting
held in the city hall, in that city, March 12,
18;30, whereat the organization of this ciiurch
was completed. At this meeting he was
elected one of its vestrymen.
Dr. Hendry was a physician of gi'eat abil-
ity, and one who kept pace with the growth
of knowledge in his profession. He stood
pre-eminent in this county, both as a physi-
cian and surgeon, and his services as a con-
sultant were in frequent request. He pos-
sessed tho.se magnetic personal attributes
which endeared him to the people to such an
extent, that when his barn, hor.ses and equip-
ments were destroyed by an incendiary fire,
they raised a sni).><cription for him and
f[uickly relniilt the building and replaced the
destroyed personal property. With these he
combined the .sterling qualities of the true
physician. No doctor in this county has
done more to elevate the practice of meilicine
from a trade to a profession. By his exam-
ple he taught this community that there was
attachetl to it a philanthropy and a benevo-
lence that widely separates it from other oc-
cupations, and, by dying a poor man, when
so many opportunities offered to secure gain,
he illustrated the fact that the services of
such men cannot be measured by money.
Dr. Hendry married, June 7, 1798, ICliz-
al)cth, daughter of Dr. Charles Duffield, of
Philadelphia, and had seven daughters and
A HISTORY OF MEPICIXE AND MEDICAL :MEi\.
243
two sons, — Charles H.aiid Bowman ilt'iulry,
l)oth physicians in Camden ('oiiiity.
Coteuiporary with the early portion of I>r.
Hendry's (career, and located at Colestown,
three miles distant from him, was Dr. Sam-
uel Iiloointield, who lived in ii .small hi])-roof
frame house on the road from Haddonfieid
to Mooresfown, just north of the (thurcii.
This house was torn down a few years since.
Dr. Bloomfield, horn in 1756, was the second
.son of Dr. Mo.ses Bloomfield, of Woodl)ridt;e,
X. J., and younger hrother of Joseph, who
became (to vernor of New Jer.sey. In 17!l(>
the doctor applied for admission to the State
Society, but did not press his application,
and his name was dropped. It is not known
how long he followed his profession here,
but his practice must have been limited in
con.sequence of his convivial habits, and the
great popularity of his competitor. lie died
in 1806, and was buried in St. Marv's '
Churchyard, now Colestown (Jemetery.
Two of his .sons who survived him fell in
the War of 1812.
There is no record of any piiysician hav-
ing settled in Camden jtrior to the nineteenth
century. Its proximity to Philadelphia
.seems to have made the village dependent
upon its neighbor for its medical attendance.
It is probable that some (k)ctor may have
attempted to practice there for a short time,
but, not succeeding, moved away, leaving no
trace behind him, not even as much as did a
Dr. Ellis, who, in 1800, had an otlico on
Market Street, above Second. The only fact
preserved of him is that in this year he
dressed the wounded forearm of a child, but
first bled the patient in the other arm before
binding up the wound, yet the child recovered.
Dr. Samuel Harris was the first physician
to .settle permanently in Camden. As he
was the connecting link between the old-
fashioned practitioners of the la.st century and
the a-ssociation known as the Camden County
Medical Society he is worthy of especial
consideration. His father was Dr. Isaac
Harris, born in 1741, who studied medicine
and practiced near ( iuii)l)leti)wn, i'iscatawav
township, Middlesex County, N. J. From
there he removed to Pittsgrovc, Salem
County, about 1771. Here he pursued his
profession successfully for many years, and
died in 1808. He jios.ses.sed a good medical
library. While a resident in Middlesex he
was one of the pioneers in tiie oT'ganization
of the .\ew .Ici-.sey State Medical Socjetv,
ixiug the sixth signer to the " Instruments
of As.sociatiou," and beitame its ])residt'Ml in
1792. In the ilevolutionary W'ai- he was
commissioned surgeon of (ieneral Niw-
combe's brigade. His brother. Dr. Ja<'ob
Harris, also a surgeon in I lie .same arniv,
dressed the wounds of ('ouiit Donop, the
Hessian commander, who was ilefeated and
mortally wounded at the battle of Red Bank,
and who ilied in an adjacc^nt farm-house.^
Another brother. Dr. Benjamin Harris,
practiced anil died in Bittsgrove. Dr. Isaac
Harris had two wives. The first was Mar-
garet Pierson, of Morris or Esse.x County ;
the second, Anna, daughter of Alexander
Moore, of Bridgeton, Cumberland County.
By the first he had four children ; one, Isaac
Jr., studied medicine and practiced in Sa-
lem County. By the second wife he had nine
children, one of whom, Samui'l, is now nndi'r
consideration.
Dr. Samuel Harris was born Januarv t!,
17S1. He stuilied medicine with his father.
It is said that he attended medical lectures
at the University of Pennsylvania, but his
name does not appear in the list of graduates
of that institution. He began the practice
of medicine in Philadelphia, at the north(!ast
corner of Fourth Street and Willing's Alley,
but indorsing for a relative, he lost all his
property. He then determined to settle in
Camden, and grow up with the place. He
' lion. John Clement's MSS.
■ Wicke'a History of Medicine in New Jersey.
2U
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
located in 1811 in the old brick building on
Cooper Street, above Front. While he prac-
ticed medicine in Camden he still retained
some of his patients in Philadelphia, and to
visit them was compelled to crass the river
in a row-boat, the only means of" crossing at
that time. In 1825 he purchased the large
rough-cast house at the southeast corner of
Second and Cooper Streets, which had been
built by Edward Sharp. Here he kept his
office and a small stock of drugs, it being at
that time the only place in Camden where
medicine could be purchased. Dr. Harris
was a polished gentleman and a man of
ability, and had a large practice in the town
and in the surrounding country. He held
to the religious faith of the Protestant Ej)is-
copal Church, and was one of the founders
of St. Paul's Church in 1830, and was a
vestryman in it until his death. Dr. Harris
married Anna, daughter of John and Kcziah
Kay, and granddaughter of Captain Jo.seph
Thorne, of the army of the Revolution.
He died November 25, 1843, and is buried
in Newtown Cemetery. His widow died
July 16, 1868. He had no children. He
bequeathed his e.state, which was large, to his
adopted daughter and wife's niece, Miriam
Kay Clement (now wife of Dr. Charles D.
Maxwell, United States Navy), to niece
Harriet (wife of Colonel Robert M. Arm-
strong), to niece Anna M. (wife of Richard
Wells) and to niece Eli/.a T. (wife of Rev.
Thomas Ammerman).
In 1812 Dr. Francis Hover settled in
Camden, but remained only a short time.
He was a native of Salem County and
received his license to practice medicine June
4, 1794. He began his professional career
in his native town ; from thence he removed
to near Swedesboro', and then to Camden.
From the latter place he returnetl to Swedes-
boro'. In 1821 he changed his residence to
Smyrna, Kent County, Del., where he died
May 29, 1832.'
' S. Wickes' History of .Medicine in New Jersey.
For a few years Dr. John A. Elkinton was
a co-laborer with Dr. Bowman Hendry in
Haddonfield. He was a native of Port
Elizabeth, Cumberland County, N. J., born
October 19, 1801, and was the son of John
and Rhoda Elkinton. Selecting the pro-
fession of medicine, he attended lectures at
the University of Penn.sylvania, from which
he graduated in 1822. He commenced the
practice of medicine in Haddonfield, where
he remained until 1828. Being an energetic
and active man, this country place did not
offer a wide enough field for him, .so he
removed to Manayunk, a suburb of Philadel-
phia, where he resided for a short time.
In the same year he moved into the city,
where he continued in his profession. In
the year 1832 he took an active part in
combating the epidemic of cholera. He like-
wise became interested in puijlic affairs. For
many years he was a member of the Phila-
delphia Board of Health. In 1838 he was
the projector of the Monument Cemetery in
that city, and owned the ground upon which
it was laid out. Afterward he was elected
an alderman, when he gradually relinquished
the practice of medicine. On October 5,
1830, he married Ann De Ijaniater. He died,
December 15, 1853.
Dr. Edward Edwards Gough practiced
medicine in Tansboro' between 1826 and
1835. He was a native of Shropshire, Eng-
land, in which country he acquired some
knowledge of medicine. In 1824 he lived in
Philadelphia, and there he married his wife,
Elizabeth Dick, In 182(i he .settled in
Tansboro', and commenced the practice of
medicine, his visits extending throughout the
surrounding coiuitry. While living there he
attended medical lectures at the Jefferson
Medical College, but he never graduated.
He died in Tansboro' in lS-35. His widow
is still living, in Indiana.
Camden County Medic.vl Society. —
Between the years 1844 and ?.846 the phy-
sicians of Camden County began to feel the
A HISTOEY OF MEDICINE ANP MEPICAL 'MEN.
245
need of a closer union. Scattered as they
were, they but occasionally met ; sometimes
they would pass each other on the road ;
sometimes, where their practices overlapped,
tliev would meet each other at a patient's
house in mutual consultation.' To accc^m-
|)lish this desired object, a petition was drawn
up and signed by the legal practitioners in
the county for presentation to the New Jer-
sey State Medical Society, asking for author-
ity to organize a society. As the law then
stood, no one was legally qualitied to practice
medicine, or caj)ab]e of joining a medical so-
ciety in New Jersey, unless he iiad passed an
examination before a board of censors of the
State Society, and received a license signed by
the board.
In the year 1846 the State Society met at
New Brunswick. The petition of the phy-
sicians in f 'amden ('ounty being laid before
it, they issued a commission, dated May 12,
1846, authorizing the following legally (jual-
itied persons to form a society, namely: Drs.
Jacob P. Thornton and Charles D. Hendry,
of Haddonfield ; Dr. James C. Risley, of
Berlin ; and Prs. Richard M. Cooper, < )th-
niel H. Tavlor and Isaac S. Mulford, of
( 'amden. In accordance with this authority,
the above-named gentlemen, with the excep-
tion of Dr. Midford, who was detained by
sickness, met at the hotel of Joseph C\
Shivers, in Haddonfield, on August II,
1846, and organized a society under the
title of " The District Medical Society of the
County of Camden, in the State of Xcw
Jersey." Dr. James C. Risley was eli'ctid
president ; Dr. Othniel H. Taylor, vice-pres-
ident ; Dr. Richard M. ('ooper, secretary, and
Dr. Jacob P, Thornton, treasurer. A con-
stitution and by-laws wereadoj)ted similar to
those of the .State Society. At this meeting
I)rs. Thornton, Hendry, Taylor and Cooper
were elected delegates to th(^ State Society.
\ notice of the formation of the .society was
I Dr. R. M. Cooper's XISS., History of Camtlen County
Society.
31
ordered to be published in the county news-
papers.
Haddonfield was thus honored by having
the first medicfll .society in the county organ-
ized within its limits. Tlic nilcs of tlie
State Society directed that county .societies
should hold their meetings at the county-seat,
yet Haddonfield was not the .seat of justice.
The county of Camden had, in 1844, been
set off from Gloucester County, and the
courts of law were held in Camden, and the
public records kept there, but the county-
town had not been selected. The Legisla-
ture had authorized an election to decide
upon a permanent place for the public build-
ings. The people were divided upon the
subject. A most violent opposition had
sprung up in the townships against their
location in Camden, the majority of the
jieople of the former desiring them to be
built at FiOng-a-coming (now Berlin). It
was during this contest that the society or-
ganized, and Drs. Hendry and Risley, who
had charge of the petition, had inserted in
the commission the name of Haddonfield.
The second meeting, which had been left
subject to the call of the president, was also
held in Haddonfield on March 'M), 1847. At
this meeting Dr. Mulford raised the question
of the legality of the place of meeting, and
a committee was thereupon appointed to lay
the matter before the State Society, who de-
cided that the.se meetings, although irregular,
were not illegal, as the county-seat had not
yet been definitely fixed) but directed that
hereafter the meetings should be held in Cam-
den.
The third meeting of the .society was a
special one, called by the president, and was
held on June 1.5, 1847, at English's Hotel,
which was situated at the northeast corner of
Cooper iuid Point Streets, a building which
has since been torn down and dwellings
enacted upon the site. At this time it was
de<'ided to hold .semi-aimual meetings: the
amiual one on the third Tuesday in June,
246
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
and the serai-aiiruial on the tliirfl Tuesday
in Decern her. These were always punctually
held until 1852, when, upon the motion of
Dr. A. I). Woodruff, of Haddonfield, the
semiannual meeting in December was dis-
continued. On June 18, 1867, Dr. R. M.
Cooper, chairman of the committee on by-
laws, reported that the State Society having
changed their day of assembling from Jan-
uary to the third Tuesday in May, it would
necessitate the election of delegates to that
society eleven months before it met. The
Camden County Society then changed the
time of the animal meeting from June to the
second Tuesday in May, and this rule still
continues. For twenty years the semi-annual
meetings had been discontinued, when, in
May, 1878, Dr. N. B. Jennings, of Had-
donfield, moved that they should be resumed.
This was approved, and the .second Tuesday
in November named as the time for holding
them. As the society increased in numbers
and its proceedings became more interesting,
the propriety of holding more frequent meet-
ings began to be discu.ssed, until, in 1884,
Dr. E. L. B. (xodfrey, of Camden, proposed
a third meeting, on the second Tuesday in
February of each year. This was adopted
in the succeeding year.
At this, the third stated meeting of the
society, in 1847, a resolution was passed that
caused great excutement in the city and coun-
ty of C-amden. It read as follows :
" Resolved, That the names of all the regularly
licensed practitioners in Camden County be pub-
lished in one of the papers of the county, to-
gether with the twelfth section of the law incor-
porating tlie Medical Society of New Jersey."
This law imposed a fine and imprison-
ment upon any one practicing medicine in
the State without a license from the State
Society. The insertion of this in a county
paper caused the gravest anxiety among the
few irregular practitioners and their pati'ons,
and pi'ovoked from Dr. Lorenzo F. Fisler a
lonj; communication in the Camden Deino-
ocrat. Dr. Fisler, who had been ])racticing
medicine in Camden since 1837, had not
joined in organizing the County Medical
Society, nor had he taken any part in it. He
was a man of more than ordinary ability,
active in public affairs and was at one time
mayor of the city. He was a writer of
considerable force. He took umbrage at be-
ing inferentially placed in the illegal class,
claiming that he had passed his examination
l)efore the board of cen.sors of Salem County
in 1825, and had received their certificate
therefor, but had never presented it to the
State Society for a license, and that the doc-
ument had been mislaid or lost. Upon this
the Camden County Society made inquiry of
Dr. Charles Hannah, of the board of censors
of Salem County. He replied that he lia<l
been a member of every board that had ever
met in the county, and that Dr. Fisler had
never received a license from it. The latter
immediately went down to Port Elizabeth,
Cumberland C^ounty, his native place, and
among some old papers of his father's found
the missing certificate, with Dr. Hannah's
name among the signatures. After the dis-
covery of this document the society held a
special meeting on September 2, 1847, anil
prepared an address to the public, explaining
their reasons for falling into the error, and
dis<'laiming any unfriendly feeling towards
Dr. Fisler.' .Vlthough the doctor obtained
the required license from the State So(^iety,
he ever after held aloof from it, and never
joined the Camden County Medical Society.
In the year 181(5 the New Jersey State
Medical Society had obtained from the State
a new charter, which gave them exclusive
jurisdiction over the medical profession in it,
with a power of license which alone qualified
a person to legally practice medicine. In ac-
cordance with this enactment, the State So-
ciety aj>})()intc(l boards of censors for differ-
M)r. H. M. Cooper's M8S , History Cam Jen County
Medical Society.
A HISTORY OF MEDICINE AND MEDICAL MEN.
■Malt
[Mil.
■llldlot-
[Wlttb
ii'jiiirv III'
'i mm
•'ijil
;
.I'Bdf"*"'''
ent districts. It was tlie <liity of tlicst'
boards to examine all applications for mem-
bership in the society, and also to examine
any one desiring a license to practice, as to
his professional qnalifications, and if he
passed successfully to issue to him a certificate.
No one, not even graduates of medical col-
leges, was exempt from this examination, un-
til the year 1851, when the Legislature
passed an amendment to the act of 1816,
autliori/.ing the graduates of certain colleges,
which were named, to practice medicine in
New Jersey by merely exhibiting their
diplomas to the j)resident of the State Society,
who thereupon was directed to give them a
license, which was complete upoli its being
recorded in the clerk's office of the county
wherein the recipient intended to ])ractice, and
upon the payment of a feeof fivedollars. I )u-
ring the period between the organization of
the Camden County Medical Society and the
passage of this law its board of censors ex-
amined thirteen physicians, some of whom
were t<i practii'e elsewhere in New Jersey.
Tiieir nanu's were, —
E\;iuiinyil. NiiuiP. T-iu;ition.
1848. Dr. Bowman Hendry, CamiUn County.
1848. Dr. A. Dickinson Woodrutt', Camden County.
1848. Dr. Daniel M. Stout, Camden County.
1848. Dr. William Elmer, CumUerland County.
1848. Dr. T. Barron Potter, Cumberland County.
1848. Dr. Theophilus Patterson, Salem County.
1848. Dr. Edward J. Record, Camden County.
1849. Dr. Theodore Varrick, Hud.son County.
lS4il. l>r. .I..hri ,1. JesMUji, Atlantic County.
1849. Dr. .luhn W. Snowden, Camden County.
1850. Dr. Thomas F. CuUen, Camden County.
1850. Dr. Sylvester Birdsell, Camden County.
1850. Dr. .lacob Grigg, Camden County.
Anotiier amendment was enacted by the
Legislature in 1854, which permitted a grad-
uate of any medical college to practice medi-
cine in the State by merely filing his diplo-
ma in the clerk's office of the county in
which he located. Upon the passage of this
law the Camden County Society required, as an
eligibility to meud)ership, that the applicant
should procure a diploma from the State So-
ciety. This rule continued in force
1860, the centennial aniversary of th€
society, which had the year previous i-
dered its old charter and obtained a nc
which relinquished all powers of lice
Since then and up to the pre.senf tin;
physician, a resident in the county ow
may apply for membership in the C
County Medical Society. His applica
referred to the board of censors, who
at the next meeting. If he is found
of good moral character and posses.s
professional qualifications required 1
American Medical Association, he is i
mended for election.
The constitution of the society pn
that the officers should be elected am
It was intended to re-elect yearly thos
were first placed in office. Dr. Kislt
continued as president until a special
ing in 1849, when his office was declar
cant in consequence of a tardiness in s
his financial accounts with the society
though these were afterwards .satisfii
adjusted, he withdrew from it, and I)r
S. Mulford was elected to fill the vi
Dr. O. H. Taylor, who was the first
president, and Dr. R. M. Cooper, tl
secretary, were continued until 1850
Jacob P. Thornton was tlie first tri
l)ut he does not a[)pear to have attenc
meetings regularly, and in 1848 Dr. (
was elected to fill his place. At the n
held in June, 1850, Dr. Bowman V
moved that the president and vice-pr
be eligible for election for only two y(
.succession and the by-laws were so am
In June, 1854, the words "two (2) y
succession " were erased and " one
substituted. This was done to open
fices to new and younger members ;
quently, since that date these two <
have held their position for one year,
that has proved to be satisfactory ai
continues. Dr. Cooper, the first se
and treasurer, held these offices unti
rj^^-'j^mT
24S
HISTOKY OF CAMDKN COIJNTV, SKW JERSEY.
when he wa.s succeeded by Dr. Thomas F.
Culleu, who occupied them for two years ;
then Dr. Richard C. Dean filled them from
1855 to 1857 ; Dr. John V. Schenck, in 1858 ;
and Dr. Henry Ackley from the latter date
until 1861. At this time the society had be-
come a permanent institution. It had never
failed to hold a meeting at the appointed
time. \'aluable medical and historical pa-
pers were accumulating and the want of a
suitable person who would permanently take
care of them was keeidy felt. It was there-
fore determined that while under the consti-
tution the secretary must be elected annually,
it would be well to re-elect him so long as
he should satisfactorily perform his duties
and would accept the office. Dr. H. Genet
Taylor, a young graduate in medicine, who
had joined the society the year previous, was
elected, and has been continuously re-elected,
faithfully performing the duties of his office
for twenty-five years up to the present time.
During the Civil War he was absent serving
his country as surgeon in the Army of the
Potomac in the years 1862 and 1863, and in
1865 he was president of the society, when
his duties were performed by a secretary pro
tempore. Dr. Taylor was treasurer as well
as secretary until 1874, when the two offices
were separated and Dr. Isaac B. Mulforil
was made treasurer. This he held until his
death, in 1882, when Dr. Alexander Mecray,
the present incumbent, was elected to fill the
vacancy.
In a few years after the formation ol' the
society there arose a need of collecting each
year the medical history of the people and
the hygienic condition of the county. At a
meeting held June 18, 1852, Dr. Edward J.
Record made a motion that a committee of
three be appointed " to report of the diseases
incident in the county and also interesting
cases that may come under their notice."
The committee were Drs. O. H. Taylor, A.
D. Woodruff and E. J. Record. At the
next meeting, in 1853, the name of " Stand-
ing Committee" was given to it and each
member was requested to transmit to the
chairman of it any interesting cases occurring
in his practice. Dr. O. H. Taylor was its
first chairman. The members of this com-
mittee were frequently changed, its number
remaining the same until 1875, wiien it
was increased to five members. In 1878
Dr. John W. Snowden was elected chair-
man and has been continued until now.
The Camden County Medical Society is
entitled to representiition in the State Society
by delegates to the number of three at large,
and one additional for every ten members.
It also sends delegates to the American Med-
ical Association and to the neighboring dis-
trict societies in this State.
One of the most interesting proceedings ot
the early days of the society was the ordering,
in 1851, of an enumeration of all the physi-
cians practicing in the county. The com-
mittee appointed for that pur))ose reported at
the meeting held June 15, 1852, that the
total number was twenty-seven. Of these,
one was a botanical, or herb doctor, who was
not entitled to, nor did he claim, the privi-
leges of an educated physician. Two were
homteopaths, one of whom was a graduate of
a regular college, and was a licentiate under
the law of 1851. The remaining twenty-
four were graduates of accepted medical col-
leges, twenty-two of them holding licenses
from the State Society, altliough five had ne-
glected to register their names in the clerk's
office, in accordance with the provisions of
the new law. The names of all these doctors
have not been preserved. In the year 1872
another census of the county was taken by
direction of the society. A report made to
it at the annual meeting held on the 14th of
May, in that year, stated that the total num-
ber of practicing ])hysicians was fifty-three.
Of this number, thirty-three were " regular
graduates, practicing as such, one regular,
but practicing homceopathy at times." There
\yere thirteen professed homtjeopaths and five
A HISTORY OF .MEDICINE AND MEDICAIi MEN.
24!)
eclectics. The regular j)liy.sieian.s were lo-
cated as follows: Tvveiity-oue in Camden
City, four in Haddonfield, three in I>laek-
wood, three in Gloucester City, one near
Waterford and cue in Berlin.
The Camden County Medieal Society has
always taken an active interest in sucli jnih-
lic affairs as legitimately came within its
pi'oviuce, and were calculated to be of l)enc-
tit to the county or State, and has never
failed to throw its influence in hehalf of
whatever might conduce to the |iul)lic wel-
tlirc. As early as 185-t Dr. John W. Snow-
den introduced into the society a resolution
" that the delegates of this society are hereby
instructed to suggest at the next meeting of
the State Society the propriety of an appli-
cation to the next Legislature for such mod-
ification of the present law as shall enforce
the registration of all the marriages, births
and deaths occurring in the State." Tliis
measure has since that time Ijeen acted upon
bv the Legislature of New Jersey, and nn
efficient system of recording these data is now
in o[)eratiou.
The next public event that aroused the
society was the breaking out of the great
Rebellion in 1861, and the calling for troops
by the government. To this call the response
was prompt. Uf the eighteen physicians
whose names were registered on the roll of
its members at the close of the Civil War, five
had enlisted in the service of their country :
Doctors Richard C. Dean and Henry Ackley
had entered the navy, Doctors IL (Jenet
Taylor and Bowman Hendry in the army,
and Dr. John R. Stevenson, in the Provost
Marshal General's Department, all as sur-
geons. The two in the navy were still on
its rolls, having engaged for a life-service.
The three who had been in the volunteer
service all had honorable discharges.
The society keeps a careful guardianship over
its county interests. It having been reported,
in 1879, that the Board of Chosen Freehold-
ers had inadvertently appointed an incompe-
tent man as resident physician of the County
Insane Asylum, at a meeting held May 12th,
of that year, Dr. James M. Ridge " moved
the appointment of a committee to report
what action is, in their opinion, advisable for
this society to take in reference to the ap-
])ointment." Doctors James M. Ridge,
Alexander Marcy, N. B. Jennings, I). Beu-
jauiin, E. B. Woolston, D. l*. Rancoast and
H. Genet Taylor were appointed. At the
next meeting of the society, held November
11th, of that year, the committee reported
that they had held a meeting upon June 4th,
and had appointed a sub-committee, consist-
ing (jf Doctors D. Benjamin and ( ). B. Gross,
to attend the meeting of the committee of the
Board of Freeholders at Blackwood, and
that the latter had superseded the late medi-
cal incumbent, and had appointed Dr. Jona
J. Comfort, a former member of the society,
as resident physician of the Insane Asylum.
It also recommended that a number of jiln-
sicians, members of the society, be appointeil
to visit the asylum, in order that it might be
more properly under their inspection. A
vote of thanks was tendered to Director Isaac
Nicholson, of the Board of Freeholders, and
to the members connected with him, for their
assistance in procuring the desired change.
Dr. Henry E. Branin, of Blackwood, at
present has charge of the County Asylum
and Almshouse.
A notable feature of the meetings of the
C'amden County Medical Society is the social
gathering which accompanies them. The
hour of assembling was, at one time, twelve
o'clock, noon, l)ut now it is eleven a.m. After
the business is disposed of, a collation is par-
taken of, at the expense of the society. It
is the custom to Invite to these a number of
distinguished physicians from other places,
who have previously joined in the discussions
upon .scientific and medical subjects, and have
given the members thebeuefit of their knowl-
edge and experience. The meetings have
always been held at hotels, where suitable ae-
250
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY.
conimodations could bo obtained. As was
previously stated, the first two were held at
the house of Joseph C. Shivers, in Haddon-
field. The next meeting was held at the
hotel of Israel English, at the foot of Coop-
er Street, aud when Mr. English became the
landlord of the West Jersey Hotel, the so-
ciety followed him to it. Between 1855 and
1857, inclusive, they were transferred to the
hotel of James Elwell, at the foot of Bridge
Avenue. This building has been demolished,
and the site is no\\' ()ccuj)ied by the otlices of
the Peiuisylvania Railroad CVunpany. The
annual meeting of June 21, 185!(, was held
at the hotel at Ellisburg, then kept by Stacy
Stockton. Iteturning to the West Jersey
Hotel, this continued to be the favorite place
uutil the retirement of Mr. ICnglish as ho.st.
Mr. Samuel Archer, who then kept the old
house at Cooper's Point, having offered to
provide a suitable entertainment, and the
Camden and Atlantic Railroad Company
proffering the use of their rooms adjoining,
for meeting purposes, the society met there
from 1873 to 1880. Since then the meetings
have been held three times at Gloucester
(Buena Vista House and Thompson's Ho-
tel), but otherwise at the West Jersey
Hotel.
The expenses incuri'ed by the society were
met by an as.sessment upon each member for
a pro-rata share of them, until the death of
Dr. E. M. Cooper, in 1874. In his will,
which was dated .-^pril 28, 1874, and j)n)-
bated June 4th, of the same year, was the
following clause, " I give and bequeath to
the Camden County District Medical Society,
of which I have been a member since its
commencement, the sum of three thou.sand
dollars, to be invested by the said Society in
the loans of the United States, the State of
New Jersey, or the City and County of Cam-
den or some other public loan, and the in-
terest of said sum to be used by the said So-
ciety in the payment of the expenses ordina-
rily incurred by the said Society. In case
my executors should think proper to pay
said legacy in any securities belonging to my
estate, bearing interest at their market value,
I do authorize and direct them to pay said
legacy in such securities instead of cash."
To accept of this legacy, the society, at a
meeting held May 10, 1875, determined to
appoint two trustees, one for one year and
one for two years, who, with the treasurer,
should constitute a board of finance. These
were elected the succeeding year, and were
Dr. John V. Schenck for two years. Dr.
Thomas F. Cullen for one year, and Dr.
Isaac B. Mulford, treasurer. Dr. Cooper's
executors set aside three one thousand dollar
seven per cent, bonds of the West Jersey
Railroad Company, which were left with,
and are still in the possession of John W.
Wright, who is one of them, who pays the
interest as it becomes (hie.
The New Jersey State Medical Society has
three times met as the guests of the Camden
County Society. The first time in 1 849, when
the semi-annual meeting of the former society
convened at Elwell's Hotel, on November
13th of that year. The annual meeting, in
January, 1864, was held in Camden, at Mor-
gan's Hall, on the corner of Fourth and Mar-
ket Streets, 'f he reception committee were
Drs. R. M. Cooper, T. F. Cullen, J. V.
Schenck, O. H. Taylor and A. D. Woodruff.
They found great difficulty in finding hiitel
accommodations for members, some of whom
had to go to Philadelphia to secure them.
The expenses incurred by the committee were
paid by Dr. R. M. Cooper out of his private
funds.
In the year 1874 Atlantic City had become
a favorite seaside resort, with several hotels
each large enough to accommodate the whole
State Society. There being no medical soci-
ety in Atlantic County, it was determined by
the Camden County Society to invite the
first-named society to hold their next annual
meeting there. A committee, consisting of
Drs. J. W. Snovvden, J. V. Schenck, J. Or-
A HISTORY OP MEDICINE AND MEDICAL MEN.
251
lancio White, I. B. Heulings, J. R. Stevenson
and T. F. Cullen, was ap[)ointe(l to make
preparations. The meeting was held May
25, 1875. It was memorable for .several rea-
sons. It was tile first time a county society
had ever selected a place outside of its own
jurisdiction to entertain its parent society.
The Camden and Atlantic Railroad (.'oiupany
provided, free of expense, a special train to
convey delegates and invited guests both ways,
issuing tickets good for three days, on any
train.
As tiir as is known, this was the first
instance in the United States where a railroad
had offered such a courtesy to any body of
raedical men. For several years a few of the
members had been accompanied by their
wives and daughters to these meetings of the
State Society, which hold for two days. As
the families of physicians enjoy but few op-
]M)rtunities to join them in a linlid;iy excur-
sion, it was tietermined hv I he r niittce to
offer the greatest inducements fur the ladies
to accompany the delegates to Atlantic Citv.
Invitations were issued for them to attend
and to partake of a ban(|uet, which the Cam-
den County Society had ordered for the eve-
ning, and the minutest details of thi^ shortest
route to Camden and thence to the seaside
were furnished them. The attendance, es-
pecially of ladies, was larger than it had ever
been at any j)revious meeting. The State
Society, however, passed a resolution iirohil)-
iting any cf)nnty society from jjroviding any
banquet in the future, becau.se of the burden
it would entail on poorer societies. ^Plie cit-
izens of Atlantic City did all in their [lower
to give pleasure to their guests.
Members of the Camden Comity Medical
Society since its organization, —
Date of
H<liiii»^ion.
Name.
Year of
graduation.
Colfege where graduated.
Reniarlts.
1846
1828
1839
1844
1832
1825
1822
1844
1846
1847
1828
1847
1848
1844
1848
1849
1843
1844
1848
1843
1852
1853
1854
1856
1854
1858
1860
1858
1862
1863
1861
1845
1852
1859
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
Jetierson Medical College
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
Universitv of Pennsylvania
Jefferson Medical College
Jetferson Jledical College
Jetferson Medical College
University of Pennsylvania
University of Penn.sylvania
Jefferson Jledical College
University of Pennsylvania
1846
Died Mav 24 1874
1846 ■
Died Nov 21), 1866.
1846
Cliarles I). Hen<lrv
Died April 29, 1869.
Died Sept. 5, 1869.
Died Feb. 17 1873. -
1846
Othniel H. Tavlor
^184(i
1847
A. D. Woodruff.
Died Jan. 1881.
1847
Died June 8, 1868.
1847
Daniel M. iStout
1847
1848
Benj. W. Blackwood
Died Jan. 19, 1866.
Died July 25, 1882.
Expelled.
1848
1849
1849
John J. Jessup
Robt. M. Smallwood
Died 1852.
1849
1850
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
Jefferson Medical College
Jetferson Me.lieal College
Jefferson Medical College
University of Pennsylvania
Jetierson Medical College
Jefferson Medical College
Pennsylvania Medical College ...
Jefferson Medical College
University of Penn.sylvania
Jefferson Medical College
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
University of Penn.sylvania
Jefferson Medical College
Died Feb. 8, 1856.
1850
Thos. F. Cullen
Died Nov. 21, 1878.
1850
Died Mav 2it, 1883.
1851
Removed West.
1852
1854
Expelled.
Honorary member.
Died April 17, 1885.
Died Aug. 17, 1858.
Died Dee. 1, 1865.
1854
1857
1857
W. G. Thomas
1859
1860
H. Cenet Tavlor
Present memlicr.
1860
1863
Honorary member.
1863
1864
Present member.
] 8()6
Honorary member.
1866
Present member.
1866
Jonathan J. Comfort
Removed.
252
HISTORY OF CAMDEN COUNTY. NEW JERSEY.
Date of
admission.
Name.
Year of
graduation.
College wliere graduated.
Remarke.
1867
1860
1864
1863
1867
1866
1858
1868
1869
1870
1860
1861
1859
1870
1871
University of Pennsylvania
Died March 12, 1885.
1867
H A M. Smith
1867
^Alex. M. Mecray
University of Pennsylvania
1867
Died.
1867
T. J. Smith
University of Pennsylvania
Removed in 1868.
1867
1868
1870
J. Orlando White
University of Pennsylvania
Present member.
Honorary member.
D.ed ( )ct. 20, 1884.
Died .March .'i, 1881.
1870
1871
'Randall W. Morgan
J. W. McCnlloiigh
John R. Haney
D. ParrishPancoast
R. B.Okie
Isaac B. Multbrd
University of Pennsylvania
1871
1871
1871
1871
1871
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
Present member.
Present member.
Removed to Penna.
Died Nov. 21, 1882.
Resigned.
Present member.
1871
1871
W. H. Ireland
18(57
1863
1872
1873
1875
1854
1875
1876
1861
1850
1874
1876
1876
1877
University of Pennsylvania
Jefferson Medical College
1872
1873
C. H. Shivers
1875
1875
1876
Maximillian West
E. B. Woolston
E. L. B. Godfrey
W. P. Melcher
James A. Armstrong
Thomas G. Rowand
E. J. Snitfher
I). W. Blake
W. A. Davis
Universiiy of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
Rem. to .Atlantic City.
Present member.
1876
1876
1876
University of Penn.sylvania
University of Pennsylvania
Rem. to Burlington Co.
Died Oct. .30, 1885.
1876
1876 ■
1877
1877
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
Present member.
1877
John S. Miller
1878
J. F.Walsh
1876
1844
1870
1878
1878
1866
1879
1879
1872
1870
1881
1863
1882
1882
1876
1877
1880
1880
1884
1878
University of Pennsylvania
1878
S. B. Irwin
W. H.Iszard
1879
1879
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
Present member.
1879
1880
1881
Jarae.s H. Wroth
J. W. Donges
C. M. Schellinger
H. H. Davis
C. G. Garrison
W. A. Hamilton
Rem. to New Mexico.
Present member.
1881
1881
1882
University of Pennsylvania
Honorary member.
1883
H. F Palm
JelbT-on Mrdi.-al C.illege
1883
E. P. Townsend
Conrad G. Hoel!
A. T. Dobson, Jr
P. W. BeaJe
JeHerson Medical College
1884
1884
1884
University of I'enn.sylvania
University of Pennsylvania
Present member.
Present member.
1885
1885
1885
1886
Joseph H. Wills
Wm. Warnock
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
Jefferson Medical College
Jefferson Medical College
Present member.
Present member.
1886
James A. Wamsley
Present member.
.laities V. Risley, 1840-47.
Isaac S. Milford, 1848-61.
f'harles D. Hendry, 18.52-.5r!.
A. Dickinsoti WoodrulT. 1S.'.-I.
■lohn W. Suowdun, ISS.")-?:..
Othoicl II. Taylor, 18.56.
ThomaB K. Cullen, 18.57.
Sylvester Birdsell, 1858.
.lohu V. Schcilck, I85!1-7:i.
Hownian Hendry, 18)10.
Napoleon It. Jennings, 18i;l.
Heurv E. Braiiin, lS(i2.
COrNTV MEllICAT, SOCIETY.
.lames M. Ridge, 18C7.
.Touathan J. Comfort, 1SI>8.
.MexanderM. -Mecray, 18(KI.
.1. Orlando White, 18711.
Richard M. Cooper, 1S71-71.
Isaac \V. Heulings, 1872.
Edwin 'ronilinson, 1877.
It. A, M. Smith, 1878.
D. Parish Paneoaat, 187i».
C. H. Shivers, 1880.
Isaac U. Mulford, 1881.
K. I,. H. Codfroy, 1882.
J. Gilbert Young, 1S63. .lohn R. Haney, 1883.
.Tohn K. Stevenson, WCA. Dowling Benjamin, 1884.
H. Cenct Taylor, lsi;,5. E. B. Woolslon, 188.5.
Ale.xaMder Marey. 18i;il-7(i. W.H.Ireland, lS8f..
DisKASKi? .\Ni) TiiKiit Rkmi'.diks. — There
is hut little iiiforiuation concerning thediseases
that prevailed in Camden C\)iinty prior to
tlie formation of its Medie.il Society. The
limited number of" physicians who prai'ticcd
in it between 1730 and