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Creative Commons and the CC BY license, Overview for 2013 OPEN Kick-off

Summary of session from OPEN Kickoff Conference for DOL TAACCCT Round 2 Grantees: Jane Park from Creative Commons will give a brief overview of Creative Commons, Creative Commons license use in education, and Creative Common's integral role in the Open Educational Resources (OER) movement. She will explain the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY) requirement for TAACCCT program grantees, how the CC BY license works, and the free support CC will offer to grantees around application of the license to grantee materials.

I am here to give you an overview of Creative Commons, especially the Creative Commons Attribution or CC BY license that is a requirement of your grants. Creative Commons, as part of the OPEN Professionals Education Network, will be providing free services to support you in carrying out the licensing requirement.

Our free services are outlined at Open4us.org, along with the OPEN service partners’ services, which you will also be learning about today. We also provide a lot of resources at this website and will be continuously updating it as needs and questions arise throughout the period of your grant. It’s pretty much your one-stop shop for a lot of the support you will need throughout your grant period, and as we’ve mentioned yesterday and today – all our services are free.

But in this session, I’m here to talk specifically about the support Creative Commons is going to offer you when it comes to the CC BY license requirement. And also to answer the many questions you must have about Creative Commons, especially if you have no idea who we are or what we do. So how many of you have heard of Creative Commons before? Before this week? Ok, so a fair number of you. How many of you have no absolutely no clue what Creative Commons is about? Of those of you who are familiar with Creative Commons, how many of you could explain it to us right now, right here? Ok. So these are the main questions I will be addressing in this session today. So What is CC BY? That’s an important takeaway you should all have at the end of today, otherwise I’ve failed you. What is Creative Commons? What does it do? How does it work? Who can use CC? How is CC used in education, especially the open education space – this big OER or open educational resources movement we’ve all been hearing about here and in the news for a long time. And lastly, what support can you guy expect to receive from us, the CC license experts. Now very quickly, I wanted to jot down any more burning questions you have about CC – on this parking lot – so that we can be sure to get to it at the end of my session. And it will also be fun to see how many of them are answered in the course of this session. So does anyone have any additional questions you would like to put on the table now? It’s ok if you don’t have any right now. I’m sure questions will come up, which is why I’ve put post-its and pens at your tables, Feel free to jot down your questions and we’ll get to them during the Q&amp;A at the end. Ok great!

So here’s what I’m going to over today, starting with the CC BY license requirement, because that’s why we’re here. Then I’m going to go over Creative Commons generally, talk about how the CC licenses and how they work, especially CC BY, talk about CC and how it supports the OER movement, and then finally talk about what you can expect from us in terms of support.

So as a reminder, here is the CC BY license requirement as laid out in Wave 2 of the Solicitation for Grant Applications. The requirement states that all successful applicants must allow broad access for others to use… “

Then it goes on to define the license for you, “This license…” So two things the CC BY license does: It gives permission in advance to the public to copy, distribute, transmit and adapt your work. But under the condition that users attribute to the work to the grantee – to you guys. So in a nutshell, anyone is allowed to take the work, translate it, customize it, but they have to give you credit.

Now it’s important to note here that this license requirement only applies to works that the grantee creates with the grant funds received as part of this program. This was a big question with Wave 1 grantees, so the Department of Labor issued a clarification. And all of this, btw, is at this website listed here.

So that means that the license requirement does not apply to: “… “ And it also does not include works created by you without the grant funds, obviously. So for example, if you have a set of textbooks you have purchased from, say, Pearson, for example, and that you’ve been using it for the past several years and it’s been working fine for you and you don’t want to change it – you don’t have to worry about it. The requirement only applies to new materials that you develop with the grant funds.

But with all the materials that the license does cover, you’re probably asking yourself, why? Why is there this requirement. What’s so great about CC BY? Cable touched upon why in his keynote the other day, but if that wasn’t convincing for you, I hope you will be convinced by the end of this session. So I’m going to revisit this question at the end, by which time you will hopefully have a better understanding and appreciation for the CC licenses.

So on to talking about Creative Commons, because Creative Commons is not just the CC BY license. We’re much more than that.

I’m going to talk about these four questions…

Creative Commons is an actual organization, as represented by myself, Cable, Billy, and Paul at this conference. We’re a nonprofit, and we have a website.

If you don’t know it already, its creativecommons.org, and it will take you here – where you can learn more about our mission, learn about our licenses, and explore all the other programs, in addition to the OPEN program, that we are involved in.

But we have one main thing we do across all of our work. And that is simply this: We make sharing content easy, legal, and scalable. And though it might get a little more complicated than that when it comes to the details, that’s really all you need to know about the big picture. We make sharing content easy, legal, and scalable.

And that’s thanks to something called copyright. I’m sure you’ve all seen this symbol, along with this phrase. And I’m sure you’re very familiar with copyright – a set of exclusive rights granted to creators of “original works of authorship.” These rights govern what you can do with the copies of these creative works.

They include the rights to distribute a copy, perform or display a copy publicly, or adapt a copy in some way, such as translate, edit, or remix it. Basically, whenever you want to do something with the copy of a creative work, you are required, under copyright law, to obtain the explicit permission of the creator (or copyright owner). And copyright covers all forms of creativity: literature, music, architecture, and choreography. Basically any creativity that you can set into a tangible medium is covered by copyright.

That includes the educational materials that will be developed as a result of your grant, scientific research, university lectures and videos, and even the emails that you send and receive each day. In a digital world, almost everyone is a creator of copyrighted content, whether you know it or not.

The barriers arise when you actually want to do something with that content, such as share it with others, collaborate with other individuals or institutions on materials, distribute it to your students, make translations or accessible versions.

Under default copyright law, taking those actions can be confusing, restrictive, and time-consuming. You usually have to get your lawyers talking to other lawyers in order to clear permissions to use or share a resource, and those contracts are usually worked out every single time you do so. And it’s not always clear if you can share it under the same terms again in the future. Usually there’s a time limit to the contracts that you work out with other institutions or companies.

That’s where Creative Commons comes in. With Creative Commons, you don’t have to work out a complicated legal solution each and every time. That’s because, with Creative Commons, creators can grant copy and reuse permissions in advance. And these permissions apply for the future as well, so there’s no uncertainty about the availability of what you share 5, 10, 20 years down the line.

So how is that possible? How is CC less complicated than the existing system? Very simply, we offer free copyright licenses that creators can attach to their works. And one of those licenses is the license in your grant requirement, the CC BY license.

CC BY is one of a set of licenses we offer that creators can choose to attach to their works. Each license has different permissions. There are a total of six CC licenses that reflect a spectrum of rights that the creator can communicate to the public. All of the licenses are simple to understand and are the standard licenses used in the US and around the world to grant copyright permissions to your work.

Essentially, all of the licenses are made up of combination of these four conditions, which are attribution, ShareAlike, Noncommercial, and no derivative works. All of the CC licenses have the first condition, which is attribution, including the CC By license. You can think of CC BY as the base license, on top of which a creator might choose to apply one or more of the additional three conditions. For example: - If you want to prohibit commercial uses, you would add the non-commercial condition - If you want to require that downstream users also reshare their adaptation of your work, you would add the sharealike condition - If you want your work to be redistributed “as-is”, you would add the no derivatives condition

You don’t have to worry about the other conditions, since you’ll only be implementing the CC BY license, but I’m giving you this background in case you’re curious, but also if you stumble across resources on the web that are under one of the other licenses. But just know that you’ll be primarily dealing with the CC BY license.

Which says, that anyone may share the work, which means that they can copy, distribute and transmit the work And that they can also remix the work, which means they can customize it, translate, tweak it And they can also make a commercial use of the work But with the condition that anyone who uses your work must give you credit, or attribution.

Here’s the symbol for attribution magnified. When you see this, you can think attribution or CC BY.

Here is an example of an educational textbook that is publicly available under the CC BY license. It says…

So who can use the CC licenses. Anyone can, and it doesn’t matter where they are located in the world. All you have to be is a creator of an original work, though even machines can read and understand CC licenses…

This is possible because of the unique CC license design, which is has three layers. Basically a fancy way of saying that you can communicate the license in three different ways: for lawyers, for regular people like you and me, and for machines.

So this is the actual license, the document that lawyers have drafted and vetted so that the license works like it’s supposed to according to US and international copyright laws. This is the first way the license is expressed, written by and for lawyers.

* But since most of us are not lawyers, we also make the licenses available in a format that normal people can read and understand. * We call this the “human readable” summary of the license, which sums up the most important terms and conditions of the license into non-technical language. * One way to think of it is as the user-friendly interface to the actual license.

* The third and final layer of the license design is the machine-readable metadata. This is what really makes the CC license viable for the Internet age. This small snippet of HTML code summarizes the CC license and associated metadata (such as who the work is authored by) into a format that software, search engines, and other kinds of technology can understand. * Btw, You don’t have to worry about coming up with this code by yourself, because we have a tool that spits it out for you. All you have to do is copy and paste into your webpage.

And once you have pasted the code into your webpage, others can discover your work through search services with CC license filters, such as Google advanced search.

The works that you will discover are not limited to the US, but originate from all around the world. It doesn ’t matter where the author of the CC licensed work lives, because CC licenses work globally. We’ve worked very hard to make sure of that.

So going back to the question – what does Creative Commons do? We make..

And because we’ve made it easy, legal, and scalable, today you can browse more than 500 million works on the web that are shared under CC licenses.

So we’ve covered Creative Commons, what we do, and the CC licenses. Now on to the role CC plays in Open Educational Resources, or OER.

Well based on what you’ve learned, I feel confident telling you that the CC licenses are the backbone of the Open educational resources movement. The licenses are the legal framework that allows people and institutions to share and use educational resources as open educational resources. The OER movement is a movement of organizations and individuals that offer free educational resources under CC licenses to anyone in the world.

The OER movement prides itself on enabling these things when it comes to educational resources. And all of this is possible because of the CC licenses, especially the CC BY license which enables more permissions than our other licenses.

Here ’s one real life example: Collaborative Statistics is an introductory college-level textbook that was licensed under CC BY by its authors Barbara Illowsky and Susan Dean.

Because they licensed it openly under CC BY, the textbook now lives on the web, on a platform for OER called Connexions, and it has been adapted for use in community colleges around the country. It is being updated to this day.

All of these initiatives, and more, are using CC licenses to share their educational materials with the world. I’m sure you’ve heard of the more popular ones, such as MIT OpenCourseware, the Khan Academy, and Curriki.

You can learn more about how Creative Commons licenses are being used in education at this website. Where we also link to OER case studies from around the world.

So returning to this question – Why CC BY? I hope the answer to this question is more apparent to you now.

There are lot of things that the CC licenses enable as I just explained, but I thought I’d sum it up in three points. So Why CC BY for this grant program? Well, CC BY is really easy to use, it’s completely legal, vetted by lawyers in many jurisdictions, and it’s scalable for use between institutions and even outside of the US. With CC BY you are also giving back to the public what they paid for with taxpayer dollars– namely, public access to publicly funded educational materials. And not just reading access, but the ability to really build reuse and build on those materials– by teachers, parents, and school districts, nationwide Lastly, the materials will also be available for reuse and value-add by creative entrepreneurs, education start-ups, and traditional businesses – making innovation possible. Cable: Because of all of these reasons, this grant program that you’re now apart is a giant leap forward in how grant funds are managed. It’s a really exciting space you’ve entered into.

So. With all of that, what support can you actually expect from us?

Well for one thing, we hosted this conference. I hope you’re having a great time so far and that our sessions so far have been helpful. But in addition to this conference, we will help you to: Further understand the CC BY license Apply the license to your materials – in fact we’re having a workshop on that later today that you should come to if you want to get a head start Find existing open educational resources that you might want to use for your project Attribute those resources that you find And finally, for all of these things, we’ll help you to follow best practices in marking and attribution.

And here is how we propose to help you: Through direct email assistance. This is the best email to reach us. Through phone assistance, we’re happy to walk you through anything, or schedule a conference call with your team We’re also happy to host webinars where you can invite the rest of your project partners, instructional designers, and faculty members And through our website, where we will continue to update FAQs, resources, handouts, and videos that you need We’d also love to hear from you about the best way we might communicate with you and help you.

Creative Commons and the CC BY license, Overview for 2013 OPEN Kick-off

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2http://open4us.org

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 What is CC BY? What is Creative Commons? Whatdoes it do? How does it work? Who can use CC? How is CC used in education? What support can I expect fromCC?

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The CC BY license requirement“All successful applicants must allow broad access forothers to use and enhance project products andofferings, including authorizing for-profit derivative usesof the courses and associated learning materials bylicensing newly developed materials produced with grantfunds with a Creative Commons Attribution License(CC BY).”http://www.doleta.gov/taaccct/applicantinfo.cfm

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The CC BY license requirement“This license allows subsequent users to copy,distribute, transmit and adapt the copyrighted work andrequires such users to attribute the work in the mannerspecified by the Grantee.”http://www.doleta.gov/taaccct/applicantinfo.cfm

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“Only work that is developed by the grantee with thegrant funds is required to be licensed under the CC BYlicense.”http://www.doleta.gov/taaccct/applicantinfo.cfmThis requirement applies to:

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This requirement does not apply to: Pre-existing copyrighted materials licensed to, orpurchased by the grantee from third parties, including Modifications of such materials Works created by the grantee without grant funds

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Creative Commons and the double C in a circle are registered trademarks ofCreative Commons in the United States and other countries. Third party marksand brands are the property of their respective holders.Please attribute Creative Commons with a link tocreativecommons.org