Socioeconomic status and health: exploring biological pathways

by Lucas, Robyn Marjorie; robyn.lucas@anu.edu.au, null

Abstract (Summary)

The cross-sectional Biomarkers Study was undertaken in Canberra, Australia (2000-2002) to examine the role of psychosocial factors in the socioeconomic health gradient, via physiological changes consequent upon activation of the neuroendocrine stress response.¶ The study population was derived from healthy 40-44 year old men and women already participating in a longitudinal cohort study. Using data from the cohort study, four groups with similar occupational status were formed. The study sample was randomly selected within these groups, thus representing the socioeconomic spectrum.¶ A pilot study involved 60 participants with blood and saliva samples measured on two occasions. A further 302 people had blood and saliva samples taken on one occasion. Socioeconomic status was measured by occupational code and status, personal and household income, education and perceived position in the community and in Australia. Psychosocial and behavioural factors, including job strain, job security, coping style, anxiety, depression, optimism, self-esteem, sense of belonging and trust, social support, smoking, exercise and alcohol intake were assessed by selfreport. Five biological parameters: plasma fibrinogen, glycated haemoglobin, waisthip ratio, serum neopterin and salivary IgA were measured as outcome variables.Three hypotheses were tested:¶