North Shoal Creek, Austin, Texas

North Shoal Creek comprises United States Census tract 18.17 and ZIP code 78757 in Travis County. The area is bordered by Mopac to the west, Research Blvd on the North, Burnet Road to the East and Anderson Lane on the South, located in the north part of the City of Austin's Urban Core [1] and increasingly popular NoBu [2] (North Burnet Road) Area. The North Shoal Creek neighborhood borders the following neighborhoods: Allandale (to the south), Wooten (to the east), North Burnet (to the north) and Northwest Hills (to the west).

Centrally located in between Mopac Expressway/Loop 1 (to the west) and 183/Research Blvd. (to the north), the North Shoal Creek neighborhood has an area of 1.179 square miles (3.1 km2) and a population of 4,302 or 0.6% of Austin's population.[3]

The neighborhood area is pedestrian friendly and integrates bus routes, biking trails and sidewalks. It is located next to retail and recreational facilities, many of which are local businesses, businesses include: The Village Alamo Drafthouse, Fresh Plus, Chipotle, Hopdoddy Burger Bar, Chen Z, Tarka, The Goodnight and other newly opened restaurants and local shops. The main thoroughfare of West Anderson Lane has seen tremendous redevelopment since 2005 with the opening of Cover 3, Office Depot, Wal-Mart, Elevation Burger and other shops.

According to the website Walk Score, North Shoal Creek is the 14th most walkable neighborhood in Austin; the neighborhood scores Very Walkable with an average Walk Score of 74, scoring 21 points higher than Austin's overall Walk Score of 49.[4]

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According to the 2010 census-year, 87% of the North Shoal Creek's population is over the age of 18, and the average household size is 1.8 persons. A total of 15% of the population is over the age of 65. Forty percent of the neighborhood's residents are from 25 to 44 years of age, and 50% of the homes occupied in North Shoal Creek are one-person households.[5] Eighteen percent the neighborhood's total population are Hispanic American or Latino, 82% of North Shoal Creek's population are White Non-Hispanic, 3.4% are Asian, and 4.7% are Black or African American.[6]

Forty-seven percent of the population work in a management, professional or related occupation. Twenty-eight percent of the population work in educational, health and social services and another 13% working in professional, scientific, management, administrative, and waste management services. Among people over age 25, approximately 44% have a bachelor's degree or higher; 48% percent of the population is currently enrolled in college or graduate school. The median family income, according to the 2010 census was $72,292.[7]

Five percent of North Shoal Creek residents work outside Travis County. The average drive time to work for residents who work outside the home is 20 minutes. Eight percent of residents carpool, four percent walk to work and seven percent use public transportation.[8]

According to Zillow.com,[9] people that live in the neighborhood can be described as:

Stable Nuclears — Higher-income urban families who are middle-age, pulling in combined household incomes nearing six figures. Most own their own homes. Some have a college education and work in a variety of occupations, including management-level positions.

Makin' It Singles — Upper-scale urban singles who are pre-middle-age to middle-age with upper-scale incomes. May or may not own their own home. Most have college educations and are employed in mid-management professions.

Carefree Urban Couples — Younger married couples without children living in the city. Most own their own homes. Education varies from high school to college with some holding mid-management positions.

The neighborhood also has a non-profit, all-volunteer neighborhood association called the North Shoal Creek Neighborhood Association (NSCNA) whose purpose is to promote and protect the quality of life, safety, residential characteristics and property values of the North Shoal Creek neighborhood and surrounding areas.

As of 2010, there were just over 2,247 housing units in North Shoal Creek, 796 are detached single-family homes. The neighborhood is mainly made up of ranch homes built in the early 1960s to the early to mid-1970s. Newly renovated apartment complexes and condominiums are located in the areas primary and secondary thoroughfares, many of which are home to young professionals and retirees.

Pillow Elementary School was built in 1969, Pillow Elementary School serves a diverse student body of Pre-K through fifth graders and feeds into Burnet Middle School and Anderson High School. It also won the 2004 National Blue Ribbon School award.

Burnet Middle School

Anderson High School

Anderson High School is one of the top-ranked schools academically in Texas. It was ranked one of the nations's top 250 high schools by the Washington Post, one of the top 500 by Newsweek, and one of the top 10 in Texas by Texas Monthly. It is the only school in AISD and one of only a few in Central Texas to have the International Baccalaureate Program.

1.
Austin, Texas
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Austin is the capital of the U. S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County. It is the 11th-most populous city in the U. S. and it is the fastest growing large city in the United States and the second most populous capital city after Phoenix, Arizona. As of the U. S. Census Bureaus July 1,2015 estimate and it is the cultural and economic center of the Austin–Round Rock metropolitan area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1,2016. In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River, in 1839, the site was officially chosen to replace Houston as the new capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo. Shortly thereafter, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the Father of Texas and the republics first secretary of state. The city subsequently grew throughout the 19th century and became a center for government and education with the construction of the Texas State Capitol and the University of Texas at Austin. After a lull in growth from the Great Depression, Austin resumed its development into a city and, by the 1980s, it emerged as a center for technology. A number of Fortune 500 companies have headquarters or regional offices in Austin, including Amazon. com, cisco, eBay, Google, IBM, Intel, Oracle Corporation, Texas Instruments, 3M, and Whole Foods Market. Dells worldwide headquarters is located in nearby Round Rock, a suburb of Austin, residents of Austin are known as Austinites. They include a mix of government employees, college students, musicians, high-tech workers, blue-collar workers. The city also adopted Silicon Hills as a nickname in the 1990s due to an influx of technology. In the late 1800s, Austin was known as the City of the Violet Crown because of the glow of light across the hills just after sunset. Even today, many Austin businesses use the term Violet Crown in their name, Austin is known as a clean-air city for its stringent no-smoking ordinances that apply to all public places and buildings, including restaurants and bars. The FBI ranked Austin as the second-safest major city in the U. S. for the year 2012, U. S. News & World Report named Austin the best place to live in the U. S. in 2017. Austin, Travis County and Williamson County have been the site of habitation since at least 9200 BC. When settlers arrived from Europe, the Tonkawa tribe inhabited the area, the Comanches and Lipan Apaches were also known to travel through the area. Spanish colonists, including the Espinosa-Olivares-Aguirre expedition, traveled through the area for centuries, in 1730, three missions from East Texas were combined and reestablished as one mission on the south side of the Colorado River, in what is now Zilker Park, in Austin. The mission was in area for only about seven months

2.
Travis County, Texas
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Travis County is a county located in south central Texas. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,024,266 and it is the fifth-most populous county in Texas. Its county seat is Austin, the capital of Texas, the county was established in 1840 and is named in honor of William Barret Travis, the commander of the Republic of Texas forces at the Battle of the Alamo. Travis County is part of the Austin-Round Rock Metropolitan Statistical Area and it is located along the Balcones Fault, the boundary between the Edwards Plateau to the west and the Blackland Prairie to the east. Evidence of habitation of the Balcones Escarpment region of Texas can be traced to at least 11,000 years ago, two of the oldest Paleolithic archeological sites in Texas, the Levi Rock Shelter and Smith Rock Shelter, are located in southwest and southeast Travis County, respectively. Several hundred years before the arrival of European settlers, the area was inhabited by a variety of nomadic Native American tribes and these indigenous peoples fished and hunted along the creeks, including present-day Barton Springs, which proved to be a reliable campsite. At the time of the first permanent settlement of the area, the region was claimed by the Spanish Empire in the 1600s, but at the time no attempt was made to settle the area. In 1691 Domingo Terán de los Ríos made a tour through East Texas that likely took him through Travis Country. The first European settlers in the area were a group of Spanish friars who arrived from East Texas in July 1730. They established three missions, La Purísima Concepción, San Francisco de los Neches and San José de los Nazonis. The friars found conditions undesirable and relocated to the San Antonio River within a year of their arrival, in 1821 Mexico won its independence from Spain, and the new government enacted laws encouraging colonists to settle the Texas frontier by granting them land and reduced taxation. Over the next decade, thousands of immigrants moved into Texas, in particular, American empresario Stephen F. Austin established one of his colonies near what is now Bastrop. Josiah and Mathias Wilbarger, Reuben Hornsby, Jacob M. Harrell, in 1836 Texas declared and won its independence from Mexico, forming a new Republic of Texas. After Texas Vice President Mirabeau B, lamar visited central Texas during a buffalo-hunting expedition between 1837 and 1838, he proposed that the republics capital be relocated to a site on the north bank of the Colorado River. In 1839 the site was chosen as the republics new capital and given the name Waterloo, Texas. A new county was established the following year, of which Austin would be the seat. In 1861 Travis County was one of the few Texas counties to vote against secession from the Union, since the majority of the state did favor secession, Travis County then became a part of the Confederacy for the duration of the Civil War. After the Confederacys defeat, Texas was fully readmitted to the Union in 1870, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,023 square miles, of which 990 square miles is land and 33 square miles is water

3.
Chipotle Mexican Grill
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Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc. is an American chain of fast casual restaurants in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, and France, specializing in tacos and Mission-style burritos. Its name derives from chipotle, the Nahuatl name for a smoked and dried chili pepper. The company currently trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol CMG, Chipotle is one of the first chains of fast casual dining establishments. Competitors in the fast-casual Mexican market include Qdoba Mexican Grill, Moes Southwest Grill, Rubios Coastal Grill, Pancheros Mexican Grill, Freebirds World Burrito, founded by Steve Ells in July 1993, Chipotle had 16 restaurants when McDonalds Corporation became a major investor in 1998. By the time McDonalds fully divested itself from Chipotle in 2006, with more than 2,000 locations, Chipotle had a net income of US$475.6 million and a staff of more than 45,000 employees in 2015. Founder Steve Ells attended the Culinary Institute of America in Hyde Park, afterward, he became a line cook for Jeremiah Tower at Stars in San Francisco. There, Ells observed the popularity of the taquerías and San Francisco burritos in the Mission District, Ells and his father calculated that the store would need to sell 107 burritos per day to be profitable. After one month, the restaurant was selling over 1,000 burritos a day. The second store opened in 1995 using Chipotles cash flow, to fund more growth, Ells father invested $1.5 million. Afterwards, Ells created a board of directors and business plan, Ells had originally planned to use funds from the first Chipotle to open a fine-dining restaurant, but instead focused on Chipotle Mexican Grill when the restaurants saw success. In 1998, the first restaurant outside of Colorado opened in Kansas City, the company opened its first location in Minnesota by opening near the campus of the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis in March 1999. In 1998, McDonalds made a minority investment in the company. By 2001, the company had grown to be Chipotles largest investor, the investment from McDonalds allowed the firm to quickly expand, from 16 restaurants in 1998 to over 500 by 2005. On January 26,2006, Chipotle made its public offering after increasing the share price twice due to high pre-IPO demand. In its first day as a company, the stock rose exactly 100%, resulting in the best U. S. -based IPO in six years. The money from the offering was used to fund new store growth. In October 2006, McDonalds fully divested from Chipotle, McDonalds invested approximately $360 million into Chipotle, and took out $1.5 billion. McDonalds had attempted to get Chipotle to add drive-through windows and a breakfast menu, in 2008, Chipotle opened its first location outside of the United States in Toronto

4.
Carpool
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Carpooling is the sharing of car journeys so that more than one person travels in a car. By having more people using one vehicle, carpooling reduces each persons travel costs such as costs, tolls. Authorities often encourage carpooling, especially during periods of high pollution or high fuel prices, in 2009, carpooling represented 43. 5% of all trips in the United States and 10% of commute trips. The majority of carpool commutes are fam-pools with family members, carpool commuting is more popular for people who work in places with more jobs nearby, and who live in places with higher residential densities. However, carpooling is significantly less likely among people who spend time at work, older workers. Drivers and passengers offer and search for journeys through one of the several mediums available, after finding a match they contact each other to arrange any details for the journey. Costs, meeting points and other details like space for luggage are agreed on and they then meet and carry out their shared car journey as planned. Carpooling is commonly implemented for commuting but is popular for longer one-off journeys. Carpooling is not always arranged for the length of a journey. Especially on long journeys, it is common for passengers to join for parts of the journey. This gives carpooling extra flexibility, and enables people to share journeys. Like other online marketplaces, they use community-based trust mechanisms, such as user-ratings, many companies and local authorities have introduced programs to promote carpooling. In an effort to reduce traffic and encourage carpooling, some governments have introduced high-occupancy vehicle lanes in which only vehicles with two or more passengers are allowed to drive, HOV lanes can create strong practical incentives for carpooling by reducing travel time and expense. In some countries it is common to find parking spaces reserved for carpoolers, in 2011, an organization called Greenxc created a campaign to encourage others to use this form of transportation in order to reduce their own carbon footprint. Several people were fined by undercover tax officers during a 2011 crackdown, Carpooling usually means to divide the travel expenses in equal parts between all the occupants of the vehicle. The driver doesn’t try to earn money, but to share with several people the cost of a trip he would do anyway, the expenses to be divided basically include the fuel and possible tolls. But if we include in the calculation the amortization of the purchase and maintenance, insurance and taxes paid by the driver. There are platforms that facilitate carpooling by connecting people seeking respectively passengers and drivers, usually there is a fare set up by the car driver and accepted by passengers, because they get an agreement before trip start

5.
Ranch-style house
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Ranch is a domestic architectural style originating in the United States. The ranch house is noted for its long, close-to-the-ground profile, the house style fused modernist ideas and styles with notions of the American Western period of wide open spaces to create a very informal and casual living style. First built in the 1920s, the style was extremely popular with the booming post-war middle class of the 1940s to 1970s. The style was exported to other nations and their popularity waned in the late 20th century as neo-eclectic house styles, a return to using historical and traditional decoration, became popular. Preservationist movements have begun in some ranch house neighborhoods, as well as renewed interest in the style from a generation who did not grow up in ranch-style houses. The following features are considered key elements of the ranch house style. It may be built into a hill to some degree, such that the size of the house is not evident from the curb. However, it not become a raised ranch simply by having two floors. For it to be a ranch, you will have to climb a flight of steps to get to the main living floor - if not it is just a bi-level house. Among real estate agents, this term is commonly misused, the ranch house style was adapted for commercial use during the time of the styles popularity. As the concept of a drive in shopping center was being created and popularized, the 20th century ranch house style has its roots in North American Spanish colonial architecture of the 17th to 19th century. These buildings used single story floor plans and native materials in a style to meet the needs of their inhabitants. Walls were often built of brick and covered with plaster, or more simply used board. Roofs were low and simple, and usually had wide eaves to help shade the windows from the Southwestern heat, buildings often had interior courtyards which were surrounded by a U shaped floor plan. Large front porches were also common and these low slung, thick-walled, rustic working ranches were common in the Southwestern states. By the 1950s, the California ranch house, by now called simply the ranch house or rambler house. Ranch houses were built throughout America and were given regional facelifts to suit regional tastes. The Colonial Ranch of the Midwest and Northeast is one such noted variant, in the 1960s, the ranch house echoed the national trend towards sleekness in design, with the homes becoming even simpler as this trend continued

6.
Austin Independent School District
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Austin Independent School District is a school district based in the city of Austin, Texas, United States. Established in 1881, the district serves most of the City of Austin, the City of Sunset Valley, the Village of San Leanna, the district operates 129 schools including 84 elementary schools,18 middle schools, and 16 high schools. As of 2013 AISD covers 172.4 square miles of land within the City of Austin, in 2011, the school district was rated academically acceptable by the Texas Education Agency. Forty-nine percent of districts in Texas in 2011 received the same rating, no state accountability ratings will be given to districts in 2012. A school district in Texas can receive one of four possible rankings from the Texas Education Agency, Exemplary, Recognized, Academically Acceptable, the district also funds some facilities construction and improvements through the issuance of debt by bond elections, AISDs most recent bond election was in 2013. Austin Ed Fund serves as a catalyst for generating and distributing external resources for the support of innovation, community members can learn more or donate at www. austinedfund. org. On April 14,2014, superintendent Dr. Meria Joel Carstarphen announced that she was resigning to become the superintendent of Atlanta Public Schools in Atlanta, on January 26,2015, Dr. Paul Cruz was promoted from interim to full superintendent. Winn - 1881–1894 Prof. Thomas Green Harris - 1895–1903 Arthur N. McCallum, carruth - 1950–1970 Dr. Jack L. Davidson - 1970–1980 Dr. John Ellis - 1980–1990 Dr. Gonzalo Garza - 1990–1991 Dr. Jim B. In 1970 the student body of AISD was 65% non-Hispanic white, in the late 1970s the student body was 57% non-Hispanic white, 26% Hispanic and Latino, and 15% African-American. Until 1978 AISD categorized Hispanics and Latinos as white so they could integrate them with African-Americans while leaving non-Hispanic whites out of integration and that year it was forced to integrate Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites. In 2000 the student body of AISD was 37% non-Hispanic white, images of AISD High Schools The following high schools cover grades 9 to 12, unless otherwise noted. The Magnet is not housed separately from Kealings comprehensive program, images of AISD Elementary Schools Toney Burger Center I. I. Nelson Field Delco Activity Center Ellie Noack Sports Complex House Park List of school districts in Texas List of high schools in Texas McGee, black Students Are Eight Percent of AISD – and Nearly One-Fourth of Suspensions

7.
Circuit of the Americas
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Circuit of The Americas is a grade 1 FIA specification 3. 427-mile motor racing facility located in Elroy, on the southeastern periphery of Austin city limits, in Central Texas. COTA plays host to the Formula One United States Grand Prix and it previously hosted the Australian V8 Supercars series, the American Le Mans Series, and the Rolex Sports Car Series in 2013. The circuit and Grand Prix were first proposed in the middle of 2010, the circuit was the first in the United States to be purpose-built for Formula One. The circuit has FIA Grade 1 license, a crowd of 117,429 watched the Formula One race in November 2012. In a news conference on July 27,2010, Tavo Hellmund announced plans to build the track on about 890 acres of undeveloped land in southeastern Travis County, the majority of the site was previously planned for a residential subdivision called Wandering Creek. In the same conference, Hellmund also revealed that Texas billionaire Red McCombs was the projects largest investor. McCombs wished to call the site Speed City, but the originally anticipated selling the naming rights to various parts of the facility for $7 million. On April 12,2011, the name was announced as Circuit of the Americas at a press conference. The circuit homologation design was submitted to the FIA in Geneva for approval on December 17,2010, HKS, Inc. and Tilke Engineers & Architects designed the track and Austin Commercial, a subsidiary of Austin Industries, was the general contractor. Construction began on December 31,2010, and was due to be complete by June 2012, following a stop-work order in December 2011, the completion date was revised to August. The first tasks were building the silt fences, taking core samples, on January 21,2011, a $900,000 check was posted with Travis County that permitted grading to begin. The money was to be used to restore the land if the U. S. Federal Emergency Management Agency declined to allow the project to move forward because part of the lies in a floodplain. FEMA issued a letter on June 28,2011, stating the project meets its floodplain management criteria, at the time of the announcement, the unstable clay soils under the road surface had caused Elroy Road to gradually buckle and shift, necessitating the upgrade. The first layer of asphalt was completed on August 3,2012, construction began laying the final layer of asphalt on August 14, and was finished on September 21. The Grand Plaza, Observation Structure, Tower Amphitheater, and Main Grandstand were designed by Austin-based architectural firm Miró Rivera Architects. The final plan of the circuit was released on September 1,2010, the design draws from several European Formula One circuits, including a recreation of Silverstones Maggotts-Becketts-Chapel sequence, Hockenheims arena bends, and a replica of Istanbuls Turn Eight. Other corners were loosely inspired by the Senna S at Interlagos, a feature of the circuit is a deliberate widening of corners, to encourage drivers to follow multiple racing lines. A similar feature was used at the Buddh International Circuit in India, the circuit was one of only a handful on the Formula One 2012 calendar to be run counter-clockwise, the others being Marina Bay, the Korea International Circuit, Yas Marina, and Interlagos

8.
Driskill Hotel
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The Driskill, a Romanesque-style building completed in 1886, is the oldest operating hotel in Austin, Texas, United States, and one of the best-known hotels in Texas generally. The Driskill was conceived and built by Col. Jesse Driskill, the Driskill is a member of Historic Hotels of America, the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation. The hotel was completed at a cost of $400,000 and its four stories occupied almost half a block, with three arched entryways on the south, east, and north sides. Carved limestone busts of Driskill and his two sons, Bud and Tobe, crowned the hotel on each of these sides, six million bricks went into the structure, along with limestone features. The hotels 60 rooms included 12 corner rooms with attached baths, other embellishments included an electric bell system, marble bureaus and washstands, steam heating, and gas lighting. The gas pipes throughout the building particularly led Driskill to make the hotel as fireproof as possible, the steam boilers, kitchen, and laundry facilities were relegated to the back side of the hotel to prevent their odors from permeating the hotel. The building was built with a special ladies entrance that allowed guests to proceed directly to their rooms. Jesse Driskill, a cattle baron, had moved to Texas from Missouri in 1849. Flush with cash from his service to the Confederate Army, to which he supplied beef throughout the Civil War, he decided to diversify by constructing a hotel in Austin. In 1884, Driskill purchased land at the corner of 6th and Brazos for $7,500 and he hired the architectural firm of Jasper N. Preston & Son to design the structure. The hotel enjoyed a grand opening on December 20,1886, on January 1,1887, Governor Sul Ross held his inaugural ball in its ballroom, beginning a tradition for every Texas governor since. Driskill unfortunately did not have the clientele to match the splendor of his four-star hotel. At a time when other hotels were 50 cents to one dollar per night, Driskill charged $2.50 to $5.00, an exorbitant sum at what was then still relatively a Wild West town. According to legend, he finally lost the hotel in a game of poker in 1888 to his brother-in-law, Jim Doc Day, Driskill died of a stroke in 1890. The hotel changed hands several times through the turn of the 20th century, local magnate George Littlefield, responsible for other Austin landmarks such as the Littlefield House, obtained the hotel for $106,000 in 1895, and vowed that it would never close again. Littlefield invested over $60,000 in renovations, including ceiling frescoes and 28 additional lavatories, the original building was expanded in 1930 with a 13-story tower designed by the El Paso architecture firm, Trost & Trost. During the same renovation, each of the original 60 rooms was converted to include a private bathroom, in 1934, future President Lyndon Johnson met his future wife, Claudia Taylor, for their first date at the Driskill dining room. The Johnsons continued a lifelong love of the Driskill, and stayed there dozens of times during the rest of their lives

9.
Main Building (University of Texas at Austin)
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The Main Building is a structure at the center of the University of Texas at Austin campus in Downtown Austin, Texas, United States. The Main Buildings 307-foot tower has 30 floors and is one of the most recognizable symbols of the university, the old Victorian-Gothic Main Building served as the central point of the campuss forty-acre site, and was used for nearly all purposes beginning in 1882. However, by the 1930s, discussions arose about the need for new space. All that remains of the Old Main Building are its old chime bells, the modern-day Main Building and Tower were constructed in its place. Library employees were stationed every other floor, students filled out paper book request slips, the books were sent down to the students using an 18-story dumbwaiter. This proved ineffective, and the dumbwaiter was removed to place network, two separate sets of elevators serve the building, one in the front, one in back. In the floors above the stacks and below a few top-floor offices, U. S. Census data analysis is compiled and analyzed on some of these floors. Lastly, two secure elevators provides access to the entire 27 floors of the Tower while an elevator on the 27th floor provides access to the 28th floor Observation Deck, there is also a book elevator in the stacks that serves floors 2 through 17. The 307-foot tower was designed by Paul Philippe Cret, completed in 1937, the Main Building is located in the middle of campus. At the top of the Tower is a carillon of 56 bells, during World War II, an air raid siren built by the chief communications engineer for the University, Jack Maguire, was placed on top of the Tower to notify Austin residents of incoming air attack. As there was never an air attack on the city, this siren was only tested, the decommissioned siren was superseded by 4 electronic warning sirens that were installed in early 2007. In a 96-minute standoff, Whitman killed 14 Austin residents and wounded 32 more, three police officers climbed to the top of the tower and shot him to death. Following the Whitman incident, the deck was closed from August 1966 until 1968. After the installation of security and safety measures, the observation deck reopened to the public in 1999, additionally, the observation deck was closed in 2002 and 2003, due to the attacks of September 11,2001, and was reopened in 2004 with added security. The Tower usually appears illuminated in white light in the evening, to mark more somber events, such as the passing of a former president of the university, the Tower remains darkened with a soft grey glow through the night. Carl J. Eckhardt Jr. head of the Physical Plant in 1931, Eckhardt devised a lighting system to take advantage of its commanding architecture to announce university achievements. Beginning in 1937, orange lights were used to symbolize important events at the University, by 1947, standard guidelines for using the lights were created. Today there are different options for lighting, including a darkened tower to signify solemn occasions