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March 26, 1963
Filed July 29, 1960
'
F BoYsEN
DEVICE FOR CATALYTICALLY COMBUSTING
3,083,083
INGREDIENTS OF EXHAUST GASES
'
@a
3 Sheets-Sheet 1
a;
March 26, 1963
F. BoYsEN
DEVICE FOR CATALYTICAEEY COMBUSTING
INGREDIENTS 0E EXHAUST GASES
Filed July 29. 1960
3,083,083
3 Sheets-Sheet 2
,3
Figo’
32
33
20
Jnvenfor:
F30 ser?
,ATTOÍLNESS
March "26, 1963
F. BoYsEN
DEVICE FOR CATALYTICALLY COMBUSTING
3,083,083
INGREDIENTS oF EXHAUST GASES
Filed July 29, 1960
5 Sheets-Sheet 3
20
20
20a
¿ab 32h
Jnven?or:
*g1/LL(
ATTO TLNESS
3,083,083
United States Patent
Patented Mar. 26, 1963
2
1
It should be noted that a further advantage of the in
vention consists in the possibility of easily and conven
3,083,083
DEVICE FOR CATALYTICALLY COMBUSTING
INGREDIENTS OF EXHAUST GASES
>
Friedrich Boysen, Am Sonnenweg 29,
iently removing the catalystl carrier out of the casing and
rte-introducing it therein, in that the catalyst carrier is
Stuttgart-Heumaden, Germany
movable in and out, fo1- example, in the manner of a
Filed July 29, 1960, Ser. No. 46,270
Claims priority, application Germany July 31, 1959
1 Claim. (Cl. 23-288)
The »catalyst carrie-r supported for longitudinal move
ment includes preferably an ante-chamber into which is
guided an exhaust inflow pipe serving preferably as a
drawer of a chest of drawers.
‘
movable »support and extending through the catalyst
This invention relates to a device for the subsequent
combustion of fuel ingredients and refers more particu
larly to a device for a catalytic subsequent combustion of
unburned or partly burned :fuel ingredients in the ex
chamber. The catalyst carrier or the catalyst chamber
can ibe strengthened by longitudinal walls. A transverse
haust of internal combustion engines.
to a special removable closing wall of the muffler casing,
y
pivot :is preferably used for attaching the catalyst carrier
The 'contamination of air, particularly in cities, by 15 whereby the pivot extends through openings of supports
component parts of exhaust :gases of internal combustion
engines which are detrimental to health, such as, for
example, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and hydro
provided in the catalyst carrier or simultaneously pro
vided in a pot-like cover closing the catalyst chamber,
as Well as through similar supports of the removable clos
ing wall of the mufñer casing.
ì
carbons, constitutes nowia major nuisance due to its ef
This constnuction has the advantage that when the clos
fects on health and unpleasant odors. In prior art, to 20
ing :wall is removed, the catalyst carrier can be removed
eliminate this undesired condition, a so called catalytic
with it out of the casing by means of the transverse pivot,
oxidation was used which burned in a known manner
whereby after removing the pivot and taking oif the cover,
the unburned or partly burned components of fuel in
the interior of the catalyst chamber becomes easily ac
exhaust to CO2 and H2O. This subsequent combustion
depends quantitatively substantially upon the type of 25
cessible from the outside.
catalyst and the extent of time during which the exhaust ,
_According to a furthe-r feature of the present inven
tion, the casing enclosing the catalyst carrier can be con
structed as anv absorption 'mutlien in that the‘walls of
v
gases remain in the range of the catalyst.
Constructions are known in prior art, wherein the
`the casing may consist, for example, of perforated sheet
catalyst carrier can expand in one plane within a casing
but in such constructions, the catalyst carrier is limited 30 metal and the catalyst carrier may be surrounded by an
absorbing substance, preferably stone wool.
.
on two sides ‘by the walls of the enclosing casing. Mov
The device of the present invention is suitable for al
able longitudinal supports are used to secure the inñow
types of machines. . However, it is of particular import
and outiiow surfaces against bulging caused by tensions
ance for two-stroke motors, particularly in combination
of heat expansion. These known constructions are of a
with gas-dynamic scavenging, the so-‘called resonance
very :complicated »structure and present considerable dif
charging. The preliminary mufller positioned as a reson
íiculties from the ther-mic point of view.
i
ance charger can be combined with the device of the
An object of the present invention is the provision o-f a
present invention into a singleunit, or may be located in
device which will eliminate the drawbacks of prior art
front of the device as an independent unit.
constructions and which will comply with operational
rl`l1e invention will appear more clearly from the fol
requirements both -from a heat technical as well as a 40
manufacturing point of View.
Another object is the provision of a device, the con
struction o-f which take-s into consideration thefact that
subsequent combustion results in high temperature of
about 900° C. and more, whereby these high temperatures
require a free expansion possibility of the device carrying
the catalystwithin a casi-ng `subjected to .gas llowy and
constructed, by way of example, as a muffler.
Other objects of the present invention will becomeV
apparent in the course of the following specification.
The objects of the present invention may be realized
substantially through the provision of a device wherein
the catalyst ,carrier located in a casing preferably con
structcd as a muii'ter, is firmly connected with a casing
solely, or substantially solely in one transverse plane and
beside this connection, on all other sides is surrounded
by the exhaust gases, whereby the carrier is supported so
that it is shiftable :in its longitudinal direction. Thus,
the catalyst carrier, so to say, floats in the casing which
lowing detailed description when takenin connection
with the'accompanying drawing , showing by way of lex
ample, preferred embodiments of the inventive idea.
ln the drawings:
.
v
FIGURE l is partly a side view of and partly a longi
tudinal section along the line 1-'1 of FIG. 2 througha
nruñier provided with a catalyst carrier constructed in
accordance with Vthe present invention.
`
»
y FIGURE y2 is partly a top view of and partly a longi
tudinal section along the :line 2-2 of FIG. 1.
FIGURE 3 is a sectional view of a portion of the de
vice enclosed by the lines 3 in FIG. 1 on an enlarged
scale.
-
FIGURE 4 is a sectional view of the portion ofthe
device enclosed by the lines 4 in FIG. 2 on an enlarged
scale.
FIGURE 5 is a transverse section along the line 5-5
y of FIG. ‘l-on an enlarged scale.
FIGURES 6 and 7 are two transverse sectional views
eri-closes it and which, by way of example, is constructed 60 similar to FIG. 5 but illustrating other embodiments of th
as a mutiler.
present invention.
\
Thedevice illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5 includes the
Such arrangement in accordance with the present in
vention provides not only a completely free heat expan
muiiler casing 10 rwhich lloatingly supports a catalyst
sion of the catalyst carrier «but also assures an excellent
carrier 11 in a manner which will be described in greater
heat insulation of the catalyst carrier in relation to the 65 detail hereinafter, whereby one end of the catalyst carrier
is immovably connected with a closing wall `13 which is
medium of the surrounding casing.
removably attached by screws 12 to the muffler casing
The catalyst carrier is preferably suspended in the
10, and whereby the other end of the catalyst carrier 11
casing at its two front sides, particularly so that it is
is movably supported in an intermediate wall or separat~
firmly connected with the casing at the side of the gas
.
l
outlet and is movably connected with the casing by 70 ing wall 14 of the muffler casing 10.
means of a gas iniiow pipe upon the side of the »gas inlet.
` The catalyst carrier 11 consists essentially of a catalyst
3
4
chamber 15 which is filled by catalyst particles and
which, in the example illustrated, is divided into three
whereby they can iiow through the outflow pipe 33 into
the outer atmosphere.
individual cha-mbers 15a, 15b and 15C, as well as an
ante-chamber 16 which receives the gases before they
enter into the catalyst chamber 15. The catalyst cham
if desired.
ber 15 is formed of two longitudinal side walls 17a and
17b, intermediate supporting walls 18a and 18h, which in
As already stated, a second muffler may be introduced
It is apparent that despite very high differences in tem
the example illustrated, are provided with large openings,
perature produced as the result of the strong heating
of the catalyst carrier 11, the latter can freely expand
within the muíiier, whereby the expansion differences
as well as sieve surfaces 19 and 20.
will be balanced, in that the exhaust inflow pipe 26 can -
A cover-like sheet
metal wall 21 which closes the ante-chamber 16 from 10 slide in the pipe socket 29 of the muiiier. Since the cat
the outside, is connected with the Walls of the chamber
alyst carrier 11 is enclosed on all sides by the exhaust
15, for example, in such manner that the edges of the
gases located in the outer chamber 32, and Since its metal
sieve~like metal sheets 19 are held between the sheets
sheet walls are completely separated from the wall of the
17a or 17b and the sheet 21. The metal sheets 17a, y17b,
mufiier casing 10, there is no friction or clamping of the
18u, 18b, 19, 20 and 21 are further joined, preferably
catalyst carrier in the muiiier casing and the catalyst
by soldering, with the end walls 22 and 23 to constitute
the catalyst carrier, whereby the rear ends of the sheet
carrier is most effectively insulated from outer heat losses.
metal walls 19 and 20 are extended at their rear ends at
chamber 15 or to renew these particles, the operator
unscrews the screws 12 and then removes the closing
24a and 24h, and these extensions are engaged by a pot
like cover 25 which is elongated in the transverse direc
To build up the catalyst particles filling the catalyst
tion and which is U-shaped in cross»section.
A bent tube 26 for the iniiow of exhaust is yfirmly
mounted in the »front end wall 22 of the catalyst carrier
wall 13 along with the outflow pipe 33 from the muflier
casing, whereby, due to »the provision of the transverse
pivot 24», the entire catalyst carrier 11 will be removed
yalong with the closing wall 13. The operator then pulls
11 and is firmly connected with the wall 22 or the sieve
like metal sheets -19, or other parts of the catalyst carrier
out the transverse pivot 34 so that the catalyst carrier 11
will be separated from the closing wall 13. Then the
11, preferably by soldering. The exhaust inflow pipe
operator removes the pot-like cover 25.. Then the in
26 opens with its sidewise bent rear end 27 into the
terior of the catalyst chamber 15 is freely accessible from
ante-chamber 16, while its front end 2S is supported in
the outside.
an axially movable manner in a pipe socket 29 carried
`
The supports 38a and 38!) are advantageously so
by the intermediate wall 14. In the example illustrated, 30 shaped that they, -with the possible addition of inserts,
,the front end of the socket 29 receives an extension pipe
3'1 projecting into the entry chamber 3i) of the mutiier.
However, the pipe .31 can also extend into the exhaust
inflow pipe 26.
Thus, the catalyst carrier generally designated as 11, is
iloatingly supported within the muiiier casing 19 and
is enclosed by a chamber 32 which receives the exhaust
gases after they have passed through the catalyst cham
engage the pot-like cover 25 to secure the catalyst carrier
against turning about the axis of the transverse pivot.
Thus, the insertion of the catalyst carrier 11 and the in
sertion of the exhaust inlet pipe 26 into the pipe socket
2d of the m‘uiiier is carried out without any difhcultics.
The construction of FiG. 6i differs from the device
hereinbefore described, in that the catalyst carrier is
Aformed by a sheet metal tank 41 which is U~shaped in
ber, whereupon the exhaust gases escape to the outside
cross-section. The sieve-like metal sheets 19 and 20 and
air through the rear gas outtiow pipe 33.
40 the intermediate longitudinal walls 15a and 13b are in
It is also possible to forward the gases by means
troduced Vinto the tank 41. The tank 41 contains the
of a pipe extension to a secondary muffler.
A `tubular pivot 34 is used to connect the catalyst car'
`rier 11 with the removable closing Iwall 13 of the muñier
.casing y10. As shown in FIG. 4,` the pivot 34 extends
through openings of end walls 35a and 35b of the pot
like cover 25, the supports 37a and 37b of the catalyst
carrier 11 and furthermore, the supports 38a and 38b of
ante-chamber 16 as well as the `catalyst chamber 1_5.
The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 iliustrates a device
provided with two separate catalyst carriers 11e' and 11b,
whereby each of the two carriers is formed essentially
by a tank-like metal sheet 41a or 4111 which receive sieve
like sheets 19a, 19b and 26a, 2Gb to form ante~cham~
bers 16a, 1617 and the catalyst chambers 151e and 151b.
the closing Wall 13.
, l
g
« ,
g
The outer mufiier casing consists of two parts 10a and
Furthermore, in the example shown in FIGS. l to 5, 50 15b which are joined by screws or soldering and arescp
the entire muftier or a larger part thereof, is enclosed by
arated >by an intermediate strengthening wall V42,
a cover 39 which surrounds and is spaced from the walls
In this construction, the entry into the ante-chambers
of the «muliier casing 1t), whereby the intermediate space
`16a and 161) can take place in the same manner as shown
40 between the casing 1t) and the cover 39 is filled with
in FIGS. l and 2, in that, for example, each antc~cham¥V
a sound absorber, preferably stone wool. The walls of 55 ber is connected separately and by itself by a correspond
ing exhaust inflow pipe with the forwardly located cham
the muiiier casing 10 within the enclosure of the cover can
ber 31 of the muñier.
be made of perforated sheet metal, if desired.
if desired, each ante~chamber 16a and 1Gb can be
The operation of the described device is as follows:
connected with a separate forward-ly located chamber
Exhaust .gases arriving from the motor reach the
‘
entry chamber 30 of the muffler whereby they are 60 of the mutlier.
Gases out of the outer chambers 32a` or B2b can be
dammed at the separation wall and pass through the inter
withdrawn separately or jointly and the intermediate wall
mediate pipe 31 and the bent pipe 26 into the ante-cham
ber'16 which extends substantially along the entire length
4t2 can be provided with perforations.
-
Preferably, the catalyst carrier, the muffler casing and
of the catalyst carrier to the side of the catalyst chamber.
The exhaust gases extend comparatively uniformly 65 all the parts which are engaged by the exhaust gases be
hind the catalyst carrier, are made of non~ignitable ma
throughout the length of the ante-chamber 16 and pass
terial, preferably chrome-nickel steel.
into the catalyst chamber 15, namely, into the individual
it is apparent that the examples shown above have
chambers 15a, 15b and 15e thereof, whereby after pass
been given solely by way of illustrationand not by `wayn ing through the sieve~like metal sheets 19, they come in
of `limitation and that they are subject to many variations
intimate contact with the catalyst particlesso that the 70 and modifications within the scope of the present inven
unburned parts of the exhaust gases are now burned.
tion. All such variations and modilicatio'ns are to be
The exhaust gases flow out of the catalyst chamber 15
included within the scope of the present invention.
through the sieve-like metal sheets 20` into the outer
What is claimed is:
chamber 32 serving as the exit space of the muffler,
A device for catalytically combusting ingredientsmof
3,083,083
5
exhaust gases, particularly for two-stroke motors, com
prising an elongated catalyst carrier having outer per
«forated walls and inner perforated walls dividing the in
terior of the catalyst carrier into an antechamber and
, at least one catalyst chamber, an elongated muffler cas~
ing enclosing said catalyst carrier `and spaced from said
catalyst carrier, said mußler casing extending in the di
6
the other end thereof, an exhaust inilow pipe having an
end firmly connected with said catalyst carrier and open
ing into said antechamber, and a pipe socket extending
through said intermediate inner wall, said exhaust inflow
pipe being slidably supported in said pipe socket, said
exhaust inflow pipe and said pipe socket extending in
ythe direction of the elongated catalyst carrier, whereby
said catalyst carrier is »free to expand in its longitudinal
rection of the elongated catalyst carrier, an outer wall
direction within said casing, said exhaust inflow pipe
removably connected to said elongated casing and clos
ing one end thereof, supports carried by said outer wall 10 opening into said antechamber.
and extending within said casing, supports carried by
said catalyst carrier, a pot-like cover having end walls
Iand -a bottom engaging an end of said catalyst carrier,
a tubular pivot extending through the ñrst-rnentioned
and second-mentioned supports and through the end Walls 15
of said cover, whereby one end of said catalyst carrier
is firmly `connected with said outer wall, an intermediate
inner wall located within said elongated casing adjacent
References Cited in the file of this patent
UNITED STATES PATENTS
1,761,471
lForstel ______________ __ June 3, 1930
2,409,825
2,937,490
2,956,865
Baringholtz __________ __ Oct. 22, 1946
Calvert ______________ .__ May 24, 1960
Williams ____________ .__ Oct. 18, 1960