A handout photograph made available by the Smithsonian's National Zoo on Aug 23, 2015 shows veterinarians examining one of the two new born giant panda cubs at the National Zoo in Washington, USA, on Aug 22, 2015.PHOTO: EPA

A handout photograph made available by the Smithsonian's National Zoo on Aug 23, 2015 shows veterinarians examining one of the two new born giant panda cubs at the National Zoo in Washington, USA, on Aug 22, 2015.PHOTO: EPA

Video of Giant Panda Mei Xiang Giving Birth to Cub August 22, 2015

This image released on Aug 22, 2015 courtesy of the Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute shows giant panda Mei Xiang in labor. PHOTO: AFP

WASHINGTON (AFP) - A rare giant panda called Mei Xiang gave birth to twin cubs at the Smithsonian National Zoo in Washington on Saturday, apparently surprising delighted zoo officials, who had expected just one baby.

A first tiny cub - pink, hairless and only about the size of an adult mouse - was born at 5.34pm local time, the zoo said in a statement, and Mei Xiang reacted by tenderly picking the cub up.

"All of us are thrilled that Mei Xiang has given birth. The cub is vulnerable at this tiny size but we know Mei is an excellent mother," zoo director Dennis Kelly said.

Pandas are famously challenging to breed in captivity, but just when conservationists thought they had heard all the good news, the zoo tweeted just a few hours later: "We can confirm a second cub was born at 10:07. It appears healthy. #PandaStory."

The birth of the twins appeared to be a surprise because the zoo's Twitter feed had only previously referred to the expected birth of a single cub.

The mother panda's care team began preparing for the birth after they saw Mei Xiang's waters break about an hour earlier. They hope to carry out a neonatal exam in the coming days and won't know the cub's sex until a later date.

"Panda cub born at 5.34pm (5.34am on Sunday Singapore time) live on panda cam," the National Zoo announced on Twitter.

The zoo had 24 minutes earlier posted a short video of Mei Xiang's waters breaking in her small birthing enclosure.

Immediately after the zoo announced the birth, the video feed from her straw-lined enclosure appeared to have crashed, likely due to a high volume of viewers, the zoo said.

The zoo said Mei Xiang will spend almost all her time in her den for the next two weeks. The enclosure will be closed to provide quiet, though online "panda cams" provide a video stream of the creatures.

Mei Xiang, which means "beautiful fragrance" in Mandarin, 17, was artificially inseminated in April with frozen semen from a male giant panda named Hui Hui that resides at the China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda in China's Sichuan province.

She was also inseminated with fresh semen from the zoo's male giant panda Tian Tian. DNA tests will establish which is the father.

Mei Xiang had a cub in 2005 which was sent to China, and another, Bao Bao, is now two years old and lives with her in Washington.

But she also lost at least two other cubs, one that was stillborn in 2013 and another that lived just six days in 2012.

Mei Xiang exhibited signs of pregnancy in July this year, including sleeping more, eating less, building a nest and spending more time in her den.

Besides Mei Xiang and Tian Tian, the National Zoo is home to their female cub Bao Bao, who turns two on Sunday. Her brother Tai Shan, born in 2005, is in China.

On Tuesday, Malaysia announced that a giant panda at its National Zoo, Liang Liang, had given birth. The newborn's sex has yet to be determined.

There are fewer than 2,000 pandas now left in the wild, according to the World Wildlife Fund, as their habitats have been ravaged by development.

Roads and railways cut through the bamboo forests they depend upon in China's Yangtze Basin, their primary habitat.

Pandas rely on bamboo and eat almost nothing else. Given their low birthrate, captive breeding programmes are key to ensuring their survival.

The Straits Times

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