Profile history of British Broadcasting Corporation

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Transcript of Profile history of British Broadcasting Corporation

A presentation which explores the history of BBC and its values and public purposes.British Broadcasting CorporationThe British Broadcasting Corporation was founded in 1922 by John Reich, he was the first general manager and director during BBC's growing success due to their main purpose in prioritizing the general public as their main concern. It had made them the UK's six major radio manufacturers in the UK in which they had to form a new outfit as instructed by the government. Additionally, at the time it was financed by a Post Office license fee of 10 shillings which was made payable by anyone owning a receiver and supplemented by royalties on radio sales.

On Tuesday 14 November BBC broadcast their first daily radio service in London which in turn popularized "listening-in" as a fashionable pastime. In each segment they would discuss and inform listeners with daily news, national and sporting events and as well provide listeners with educating programmes, this particularly became increasingly popular during the 1930s when radio listening had spread to its full length, making the BBC a "patron" of the arts and as well assisting them to commission in drama programmes to amuse and entertain audiences.

BBC Profile HistoryThe BBC is a world renowned organization with a valuable reputation to preserve which they have acquired throughout their history along with tens and thousands workers who have been building the BBC's reputation and positive outlook with the viewer in mind. Therefore, in order to maintain this they have provided assertions of strong values and crucial mission statements to recognize the BBC's main priority which is in fact the general public. The BBC mission statement is to "enrich" and develop people's lives with entertaining, educational and informative programmes and services. And their values are as follows: Trust is the foundation of the BBC: we are independent, impartial and honest. Audiences are at the heart of everything we do. We take pride in delivering quality and value for money. Creativity is the lifeblood of our organisation. We respect each other and celebrate our diversity so that everyone can give their best. We are one BBC: great things happen when we work together.The BBC's Values and Mission StatementsThe BBC Operation The BBC OperationsTelevision allows the BBC to reach audiences nationally and internationally, assisting them broadcast their programmes and services to a wider market. Additionally, BBC radio networks reaches audiences from local areas to bigger UK regions in order to keep them updated with popular news items. Their online services consisting of daily news, sport and weather updates alongside with updates of films and programmes area all very easy to access, making it a very reliable source for their audiences as they promise to inform, educate and entertain viewers on a daily basis. Furthermore, BBC also allows other businesses with attachments to the BBCs organization, to frequently publish commercials of their programmes on the BBC channels during a minute of break in order to get the attention of the BBC's audience market. Moreover, they also advertise DVD releases of programmes that are especially on the BBC in order to get more and more consumers, alongside with mobile games for audiences to consume. Scandals surrounding the BBC The BBC's public purposes are set out by the Royal Charter and Agreement which is the constitutional basis for the BBC. This allows them to make just and reasonable decisions whilst keeping the general public in mind. The following are six public purposes that outlines the BBC's involvement in other sectors in their business:

1. 'Sustaining citizenship and civil society'2. 'Promoting education and learning'3. 'Stimulating creativity and cultural excellence'4. 'Representing the UK, its nations, regions and communities'5. 'Bringing the UK to the world and the world to the UK'6. 'Delivering to the public the benefit of emerging communications technologies and services'BBC Public PurposesThe BBC is funded by TV licence which is an official licence required in many countries for the reception of television broadcasts and the possession of a television set. Therefore, the government gathers licence fees from the general public on behalf of the BBC in order to finance their broadcasting in the United Kingdom and overseas. Furthermore, the annual cost of a colour TV licence is £145.50 (as from 1 April 2010) and a black and white TV licence is £49.BBC Licence Fee InformationThe cost during 1 April 2010 and 31 March 2011 cumulated up to £145.50 which is equivalent of £17.13 per month or under 40p per day. This was in turn used for the BBC's television, radio and online services and including other costs via income from the licence fee.Licence Fee 2010/11The following is a breakdown of licence fees for the BBC services in areas of television, radio, online and other costs.

Television is £7.96 per month per household and total spend was £2,351 million (66%)Radio is £2.11 per month per household and total spend was £604million (17%)Online is 66p per month per household and total spend was £199million (6%)Other costs are £1.40 per month per household and total spend was £406million (11%) Licence Fee InformationAnyone who watches or records television in the UK must be covered by TV licence, including televisions on computers, mobile phones, DVD/video recorders and other devices. The cost of licence fee is set out by the government and the licence fee agreed for a 'six- year' period then must be annually approved with the amount set by the Parliament.About the Licence Fee: Part 1The following is the BBC's networks and services in areas of televisions, radio, online and others:Television channels includes BBC One, Two, Three, Four, CBBC, CBeebies, BBC News, BBC Parliament, BBC ALBA, BBC HD and BBC Red Button. Radio channels includes BBC Radio 1, 1Xtra, 2, 3, 4, 4 Extra, 5 Live, 5 Live Sports Extra, 6 Music, BBC World Service, BBC Asian Network, BBC Radio Scotland, BBC Radio Nan Gaidheal, BBC Radio Ulster, BBC Radio Foyle, BBC Radio Wales and BBC Radio Cymru. BBC online networks includes BBC Online, iPlayer and BBC Mobile. Other BBC services includes Digital TV, Investment in new technology, Running costs and Collecting the licence fee.Networks and ServicesThis table represents the licence fees of colour and black and white television between 1 April 2007-2012.

Date from Colour licence Black and white licence1 April 2007 £135.50 £45.501 April 2008 £139.50 £471 April 2009 £142.50 £481 April 2010 £145.50 £491 April 2011 £145.50 £491 April 2012 £145.50 £49About the Licence Fee: Part 2The following are three public purposes and breakdowns of values and missions set by the BBC:1. 'Sustaining citizenship and civil society'. This involves and engages the audience to current affairs and factual programmes which is one of BBC's main priority, therefore they distribute their news to high quality standard however in a more appealing manner as to involve the viewer into subject matter. 2. 'Promoting education and learning'. This is an attempt to engage all viewers, however particularly the younger audiences as the BBC intends to develop the knowledge of their audiences and broaden their skills in various subjects. I believe they have achieved this to an extent as there are a variety of educational programmes specifically suited for various age groups. However, the question if they find the program interesting and appealing to their age group may differ as some may not agree with the current programs that are provided for their age group as some young audiences (ages between 8-14) may find their programs either too immature or too complicated for them. Therefore, it is purely down to the individual users to make the decision of what educational programs they think is appropriate to them. 3. 'Stimulating creativity and cultural excellence'. This section is founded on the basis of the diversity of various cultures and sporting activities in the UK, therefore the BBC attempts to "encourage" the general public interests by getting them involved and participating in several events and activities as to celebrate the UK's vast sporting communities and culturally diverse population.BBC Public Purposes Points 1, 2 and 3: Part 1The following are three public purposes and breakdowns of values and missions set by the BBC:4. 'Representing the UK, its nations, regions and communities'. This celebrates the UK's vast sporting communities and culturally diverse population and aims to involve the citizens in their community. I believe that they have achieved in presenting some aspects of communities however, I am not entirely sure if they have succeeded in reflecting every aspects to their full length such as representing different nations, regions and communities to the rest of the UK as it is a huge objective to fulfill. Nevertheless, they have in fact presented some aspects of different nations, regions and communities to the rest of the UK.5. 'Bringing the UK to the world and the world to the UK'. The BBC aims to provide news services to audiences around the world and informing people about news in other countries. In addition, they also aim to widen UK audiences "experience" of various cultures. I think the BBC has achieved in trying to understand international issues however I'm not entirely sure if they have "built" a global understanding of international affairs to the full extent.6. 'Delivering to the public the benefit of emerging communications technologies and services'. This permits the BBC to help the general public to understand and receive the best emerging media technologies and the best example of BBC's attempt is to provide digital content and services available on a variety of digital platforms and devices in a engaging manner as to involve audiences.BBC public purposes 4, 5 and 6: Part 2The BBC operates specifically operates in areas that intends to broadcast their work to national and international audiences. These areas are operated through commercial, television, radio and online services , reaching people locally and globally.The most publicized story surrounding the BBC was the deception of Sir Jimmy Savile whom was appointed a OBE KCSG for his long career as the nation's most treasured television presenter. He was known particularly for 'Jim'll Fix It', a children television show during the 1986s. It was not until long after his death in October 29, 2011 that there were thousands of cases pouring in, accusing him of sex abuse when they were much younger, ages between 8-17 including a case involving a male, orphans and coma patients.Scandals surrounding the BBCAnother case surrounding the BBC was the case of Lord Alistair McAlpine, Baron McAlpine of West Green, a retired conservative politician and an advisor to Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. He was falsely charged of crimes concerning sex abuse cases he did not commit which was broadcasted without his consent, making it another most publicized story surrounding the BBC with huge news coverage, especially after the scandal involving Jimmy Savile, a BBC children's presenter.