An immense number of field bus systems is currently used in industrial automation and is expanding more and more into new application fields as facility management and vehicle automation. Main obstacle for a fast spreading are high costs, which result from the complexity and variety of the systems. The thesis describes methodical foundation of the structured system development and introduces to the use of Petrinets as description technique. Apart from the software modelling also the interrelation between structural and behavioural modelling is presented. After a closer examination of the transmission techniques within the field range, medium access strategies are modelled with Petrinets and usual market systems are compared. A definition of goals and requirements shows afterwards the way to an optimised field bus system. For this purpose a system is designed, which makes available a simple however effective and universal system of large spatial expansion to each prospective under use of inexpensive, durable components and transmitting media. The software structures are modelled with Petrinets. In particular the possibilities of the use of a Petrinet tool for the documentation as well as a future direct generation of program code for resource optimised microcontroller systems are presented. Finally the realisation of the optimised field bus system is validated with measurements of the material system.