Salmon heading over Wanapum Dam via revamped fish ladder

EPHRATA  Spring Chinook were reported making it over an improved fish ladder at Wanapum Dam today, negating the use of an emergency plan to truck the fish.

Shortly after discovering a 65-foot-long fracture in a spillway pier Feb. 27, dam operators lowered the water level behind the 185-foot structure by a record 26 feet, leaving the fish ladders high and dry.

Construction workers raced to make the dam’s fish ladders operational, but state fishery managers were standing ready with an alternate plan to move spring Chinook salmon up the Columbia River.

The state Department of Fish and Wildlife laid out a plan earlier this week to truck salmon around Wanapum Dam if a fish ladder there could not be made operational this week.

The goal was to get the ladder improved by Tuesday, and from reports to The Chronicle on Thursday, that was done in time as the first fish are going using the ladder and slides.

The fish, the first of an estimated 20,000 spring Chinook salmon, were expected to arrive in the area near Vantage, pressing upriver to spawn. Nearly 4,000 of those fish are wild, naturally spawning fish, and the entire run is listed as threatened under the federal Endangered Species Act.

The Grant County Public Utility District, which owns the dam, scrambled to modify the fish ladders to make them operational by Tuesday, but also worked with the state Department of Fish and Wildlife to develop a backup plan.

“The stakes are very high, especially given the number of wild spring Chinook involved,” said Jim Brown, regional state Department of Fish and Wildlife director for North-Central Washington. “Grant County PUD is doing a great job, but all of us have a role to play in getting those fish upriver to spawn.”

Under the trucking plan, the state would intercept salmon at Priest Rapids Dam and truck most of them around Wanapum Dam, 19 miles upriver. Working in rotation, experienced drivers would haul the salmon in eight tanker trucks, each capable of moving up to 1,500 fish a day.

At the same time, a smaller number of hatchery-reared fish - identifiable by a clipped adipose fin - will be fitted with coded and radio tags and released from the Priest Rapids facility to negotiate the newly configured fish ladders at Wanapum Dam.

“The tags will allow us to track those salmon, and determine whether they are able to get over the dam on the reconfigured fish ladders,” Brown said. “That will tell us when it’s safe to suspend the trucking operation, and allow the fish to move past Wanapum on their own.”

The Priest Rapids Coordinating Committee unanimously approved that plan. The committee is a multi-jurisdictional organization established in 2004 to oversee hydroelectric projects in the mid-Columbia region.

For its part, Grant County PUD will continue to refine the dam’s fish ladders as needed to facilitate the movement of salmon past Wanapum Dam. Chelan County PUD is also extending the fish ladders at Rock Island Dam, 38 miles upriver, to accommodate the drawdown in the Wanapum Pool. That work was scheduled for completion April 15.

Brown said fishery managers are counting on the success of those measures to move fish upstream, because the trucking option will become less and less viable as larger runs of migrating salmon move into the area.

Starting in June, salmon managers are anticipating a run of up to 80,000 summer Chinook, followed by 400,000 sockeye salmon and 300,000 fall Chinook salmon.

“We can handle the spring Chinook run with tanker trucks if that becomes necessary,” Brown said. “But there simply aren’t enough trucks, trained personnel or hours in the day to move the number of salmon we’re expecting later in the year.”

Brown said his agency would continue to work closely with members of the Priest Rapids Coordinating Committee to address issues as they arise at Wanapum Dam. That group includes representatives from NOAA Fisheries, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, state Department of Fish and Wildlife, Colville Confederated Tribes, Yakama Nation, Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Reservation and Grant County PUD staff.

Jeff Korth, regional state fish manager, said he keeps running the details of the joint operation through his mind as the spring Chinook run draws near.

“We do all of these things - trapping, tagging and transporting fish - all the time as part of our jobs,” Korth said. “But this time we’ll be doing them under very different circumstances.”