In vitro and mouse studies identified inhibitors of ERAP1,
ERAP2 and IRAP that could help treat inflammation or cancer. The three
enzymes process antigens for presentation on cell surfaces, but overactivity
can prevent normal antigen presentation. In HeLa cells, the most potent,
competitive pseudo-peptidic inhibitor of the three enzymes increased
presentation of a test antigen compared with less potent inhibitors or no
inhibitor treatment. In mouse colon carcinoma cells, the inhibitor increased
both antigen presentation and a cytotoxic T cell response. Next steps include
testing the inhibitors in mouse models of cancer.

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