The Molecular biology of bacterial virus systems(
Book
)6
editions published
between
1988
and
2013
in
English
and held by
210 WorldCat member
libraries
worldwide
The fact that none of the known DNA polymerases is able to initiate DNA chains but only to elongate from a free 3' -OH group
raises the problem of how replication is initiated, both at the replication origin and on Okazaki frag­ ments. It was first
shown by A. KORNBERG et al. that a general mechanism to initiate replication is through the formation of an RNA primer catalyzed
by RNA polymerases or by a new class of enzymes, the primases (KORNBERG 1980). This mechanism, which can be used in the case
of circular DNA molecules or linear DNAs that circularize or form concatemers, cannot be used at the ends of linear DNAs since
the RNA primer is removed from the DNA chain, and there is no way of filling the gap resulting at the 5' -ends of the newly
synthesized DNA chain. In some cases linear DNA molecules contain a palin­ dromic nucleotide sequence at the 3' -end that
allows the formation of a hairpin structure which provides the needed free 3'-OH group for elongation. This mechanism, first
proposed by CAVALIER-SMITH (1974) for eukaryotic DNA repli­ cation, was shown to take place in several systems (KORNBERG 1980,
1982). Another mechanism to initiate replication consists in the specific nicking of one of the strands of a circular double-stranded
DNA, producing a 3'-OH group available for elongation (KORNBERG 1980)

Molecular basis of viral and microbial pathogenesis : 38. Colloquium der Gesellschaft für Biologische Chemie, 9.-11. April
1987 in Mosbach/Baden ; edited by R. Rott and W. Goebel by Gesellschaft für Biologische Chemie(
Book
)11
editions published
in
1988
in
English
and held by
208 WorldCat member
libraries
worldwide
Elucidation of the mechanisms of pathogenesis underlying the diseases caused by viruses and bacteria has fascinated scientists
for many years in two ways. Firstly, these pathogenic agents represent relatively sim­ ple biological systems for the study
of basic biological processes such as replication, gene regulation, genetic variability and host-pathogen interactions. Secondly,
process in this field is valuable in a practi­ cal sence, since it can help in the control of these diseases. The avail­ ability
of new genetic and immunological techniques, especially recom­ binant DNA methods and monoclonal antibody technology, has
provided powerful tools for unravelling the genetic, biochemical and immunologi­ cal basis of viral and microbial pathogenesis.
Molecular cloning has allowed the isolation of single genes or groups of genes related to phenotypes which appear to be immunologically
important for pathogene­ sis. The specific elimination of such genes from the complex genomes of the pathogens can now be
achieved with similar genetic techniques. These genetic studies have provided additional information on the role played by
specific phenotypic traits in pathogenesis, especially when combined with relevant animal model systems. Furthermore, the
struc­ tural analysis of important virulence factors and surface antigens may allow the prediction of antigenic domains suitable
for the development of new vaccines. The 38th Mosbacher Colloquium focuses on the molecular basis of viral and microbial pathogenesis.
The virology part begins with the well­ studied plant viroids. The unusual structure of their genome, as well as knowledge
about their replication and pathogenicity, are presented

Modern trends in virology by H Bauer(
Book
)3
editions published
in
1988
in
English
and held by
119 WorldCat member
libraries
worldwide

Current topics in microbiology and immunology = Ergebnisse der Mikrobiologie und Immunitätsforschung by W Arber(
)2
editions published
in
1975
in
English
and held by
57 WorldCat member
libraries
worldwide
The processes involved in herpesvirus replication, latency, and oncogenic transformation, have, in general, been rather poorly
defined. A primary reason for this is the size and complexity of the herpesvirus genome. Undoubtedly, a better understanding
of the functions of the viral genome in infected and transformed cells will be achieved through studies with temperature-sensitive
(ts) mutants of herpesviruses since, theoretically, any essential gene function can be affected by mutants of this type. A.
The Herpesviruses A consideration of the genetic analysis of members of the herpesvirus group necessitates a description,
albeit brief, of the properties of the group and, most importantly, of their genetic material. The herpesviruses comprise
a group of relatively large (100-150 nm), enveloped viruses. The envelope surrounds an icosahedral capsid enclosing a core
which contains double­ stranded DNA (ROIZMAN, 1969). The group is thus defined on the basis of a common virion morphology.
In addition to a common structure, members of the group share a number of biological properties such as a similar replicative
cycle, the ability to cause latent and chronic infections, and the ability to induce antigenic modifications of infected cell
membranes. Several herpes­ viruses have been associated recently with malignancies in man and animals (KLEIN, 1972). Herpesviruses
are ubiquitous and have been described in over 30 different species (HUNT and MELENDEZ, 1969; WILDY, 1971; FARLEY et aI. ,
1972; KAZAMA and SCHORNSTEIN, 1972; NAHMIAS et aI. , 1972; ROlZMAN et aI. , 1973). Their widespread occurrence in nature suggests
a common ancestor

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology : Ergebnisse der Mikrobiologie und Immunitätsforschung by W Arber(
)2
editions published
in
1968
in
English
and held by
50 WorldCat member
libraries
worldwide
Ever since arbovirus infections became known and their relative importance assessed, experiments were designed to elucidate
the mode of transmission and the most important natural hosts responsible for perpetuating the infection in nature. Human
infections and the disease in wild rodents, birds, and domestic animals were studied in relation to viremia and distribution
of the infectious agent in the organism. With increasing epidemiological studies it became apparent that the neural manifestations
of the disease are very uncommon, confined only to a small percentage of individuals of the most susceptible species. Various
factors have been proposed to explain why in certain instances the virus becomes establish­ ed in the central nervous system
and causes a serious or lethal disease. For example, differences in the virulence of the virus strains, varying susceptibility
of individuals of one species, or intercurrent circumstances facilitating access of the virus to the central nervous system
were alleged. Also, various possible routes of entry of the virus into the brain and spinal cord have been considered

Progress in drug research by S Archer(
)2
editions published
in
1974
in
English
and held by
46 WorldCat member
libraries
worldwide
The present 18th volume differs from previous volumes insofar as, with the exception of two contributions, it is exclusively
concerned with problems of a single field, namely Tropical Medicine. This was occasioned by the InternatioƯ nal Symposium
on the investigation and treatment of infectious tropical diseases held in Bombay in January 1974 and organized by the editor
in collaboration with the Minister of Health of the State of Maharashtra, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria, the Director of the Hafl'kine
Institute, Dr. B. Gaitonde, and with Dr. J.N. Banerjee, Dr. S.K. Bhattacharya and Mr. P. D'Souza. The Hafl'kine Institute
celebrated on this occasion the 75th year of its existence and everyone entrusted with the organisation of the Symposium considered
themselves fortunate to have been able to help in strengthening the contacts between Indian and foreign research workers,
in the hope of, in this way, making a contribution to the fight against infectious tropical diseases. The editor hopes that
the present 18th volume will represent comprehensive information on the topics treated at the Symposium; the 19th volume,
which will soon appear, is concerned with the same area, so that the two volumes together should give a good picture of the
many still unsolved problems. The editor would also like to take this opportunity of expressing his gratitude to his collaborator,
Dr. A. Niif, who, as usual, performed valuable services in working over the manuscripts

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology by W Arber(
)2
editions published
in
1974
in
English
and held by
44 WorldCat member
libraries
worldwide
Prominent progress in molecular biology was only made when it became possible to separate functionally distinct molecules
by taking advantage of their biophysical properties. Likewise, the analysis of the functions of hetero­ geneous populations
of immunocompetent cells, as to the functional properties of their various subpopulations, can not be done until these can
be isolated in reasonably pure form by selective fractionation. During the last few years significant advances have been made
in this field, and cells have been separated according to size, density or charge (MILLER et aI. , 1969; SHORTMAN, 1968; ANDERSSON,
1973 c), or by taking advantage of more specific surface markers to allow selective depletion or enrichment of a given subpopulation
of cells (WIGZELL and ANDERSSON, 1971). Although separation techniques have been used in a variety of cellular systems, they
have been particularly useful in the study of reticuloendothelial cells and primarily in the study of cells partici­ pating
in the immune responses. Quite extensive reviews have been written which well cover the methods used for separation of cells
and the results obtained with the various approaches (WIGZELL and ANDERSSON, 1971; SHORTMAN, 1972). To review this work is
becoming a more and more voluminous task. As data rapidly accumulate, we will not try to make such a complete review