3.20.2016

10 Ways to Learn About Your Target Audience

It astonishes me how many businesses don’t have a clue who their
target market is. Sure, if you ask the head of sales who the target
audience is, he or she may have an answer, but does this sales exec know
why this is the target market? What problems this market faces? What
this market trusts and distrusts? What its members love and loathe, fear
or anticipate?
Unless
you’re intimately familiar with the psychology of your target market,
any demographics you claim are mere semantics. If you want your messaging to be effective
and your brand to be enticing, you need to go a step further and get to
know your customers better. How do you do that? Here are 10 ways to
know your target audience:

1. Challenge your assumptions.

The
first step is the most important, since it may even help you redefine
your target audience. Don’t assume anything. Let’s say you’ve decided
your target market is middle-aged women. Why? You may have gone even
further, assuming certain styles or directions of messaging appeal to
them.

But don’t take any of this for granted. Unless you have more than anecdotal evidence backing up your claim, ditch it.

2. Learn from what others have found.

This
is entry-level market research at its finest. Read up on some case
studies, examples and psychological analyses by marketers who have come
before you. Sources include industry reporters, general market
researchers and, in some cases, sociologists. Filter your data to ensure
the research is as relevant and as recent as possible.

3. Create a customer persona.

Once
you’ve collected enough objective data to start forming solid
conclusions, you can start crafting a customer persona. This persona is
basically a fictional character who exhibits all the traits an “average”
member of your target audience is expected to have.

Include hard
factors like age, sex, education level and income, as well as
disposition factors like temperament, sensitivity or curiosity.

4. Conduct large-scale quantitative surveys.

Now
it’s time to back up your assumptions and conduct some primary research
(rather than the secondary research described above). Start with
large-scale quantitative surveys, covering the widest cross-section of
your audience possible. Your questions should be multiple-choice, giving
you hard statistics that can teach you about your audience’s habits.

Complement
your quantitative research with qualitative research -- the data won’t
be as objective, but you’ll learn more detailed insights on your
audience’s psychological makeup. Target a small sample of audience
members, and use open-ended questions to get long responses you can
interpret.

Again, ask questions relevant to your brand and product
like, “What does the following phrase mean to you?” or “What do you
feel when you see this image?”

6. Look to your competitors.

Your
competitors may have already done such market research and put it into
action. If they target the same audience you do, observe and learn from
the way they write and advertise to their potential customers.

If they don’t, look for ways that you can distinguish yourself.

7. Look to other popular products and services.

Look
for products and services that your target audience is already using
-- unrelated to your industry. How do these brands position themselves?
What kinds of messaging do they use?

8. Listen to social conversations.

Use social listening software in combination with targeted social lists to zero in on what your customers are saying online. What trending topics are they following most closely? Whom do they usually interact with, and why?

Again, you can look for other brands that may emerge as successful messengers.

9. Examine interactions with your brand.

You
can use social listening software again, and tap into Google Analytics
to examine user behavior on your site. Evaluate how your target
demographics are interacting with your brand: Do you get lots of blog
comments and social shares? Use this data to fine-tune your approach.

10. Allow some room to grow.

You’ll
never have a perfect understanding of your target audience. Even if at
some point you did, your audience members would evolve and change as
soon as you figured them out. Allow some breathing room in your
strategy, and always strive to understand your audience a little bit
better.
None of these methods can, by themselves, give you a
perfect portrait of the “average” customer in your target demographics;
populations are too diverse and too unpredictable for any one set of
assumptions to hold true.
Instead, you need to collect your
findings from multiple sources and merge them into one comprehensive,
multifaceted vision. From there, you’ll be able to better shape
everything you create for your audience, from blogs to headlines to
calls to action.

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