Summary of the impact

Significance: Our research informed welfare guidelines impacting
upon housing of around 200 million laying birds in the EU. Our work has
been adopted in EC regulations, and they are pushing all EU member states
to ensure all their producers install aerial perches over slatted
surfaces.

Summary of the impact

Impact: Animal Health and Welfare, Economics: The BVD vaccine
associated with emergence of BNP was withdrawn from sale.

Significance: BNP cases have been reported worldwide. On affected
farms, the case fatality rate is very high, with losses of up to 5% of
calves in a herd being reported. Despite the vaccine being withdrawn,
cases continue to be found in some calves born to dams that have been
historically vaccinated. In addition, reporting has increased due to
increased awareness and Zoetis subsidising post-mortem examinations.
However, as an indirect measure, the number of cases being diagnosed at
post-mortem at SRUC fell by 42% between 2012 and 2013.

Beneficiaries: Livestock Industry, Animal Health Company, Farmers.

Attribution: Work performed by University of Edinburgh (Penny,
Morrison, Sargison, Bell) and SRUC (Hosie, Howie, Kerr, Caldow) identified
BNP as a new disease entity, elucidated the cause, and developed
strategies to reduce the incidence. This also involved a collaboration
with the Moredun Research Institute (Willoughby)

Reach: BNP is recognised world-wide (a peak of 4500 cases in 2011)
including France, Germany, United Kingdom, Ireland, Netherlands, Belgium,
Luxembourg, Italy, and Spain. The disease is unknown in countries which do
not vaccinate against BVD (Denmark, Austria, and Switzerland)

Research Subject Area(s)

Summary of the impact

Impact: Policy and public engagement: Formulation of the UK
government's badger culling policy for the control of bovine tuberculosis
that is currently being implemented. The underpinning research also had
wider impact in terms of generating significant public debate and
enhancing public engagement.

Significance: DEFRA has estimated the cost of TB control in
England at £1 billion over the next 10 years without taking further
action, and the cost of TB breakdown on a farm at £34,000

Research Subject Area(s)

Summary of the impact

Impact: Economic / animal health and welfare: Established health
schemes to control Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD) on Scottish farms and
subsequently underpinned the rationale for cost-effective control
strategies that have been adopted in health schemes around the UK. The
farm-level savings to the industry from future eradication are estimated
by Scottish Government to be £50- £80m.

Significance: BVD is a major endemic disease of cattle in Scotland
costing the dairy industry about £38M per year and an additional £11M to
consumers.

Beneficiaries: Farmers, cattle, animal health authorities.

Attribution: Professors Gunn and Stott (SRUC).

Reach: The associated health schemes began in Scotland (HI Health)
and now operate throughout Britain (UK CHeCS (Cattle Health Certification
Standards) Health Scheme). The research underpins BVD control schemes in
Ireland and other EU Member States resulting in an avoided output loss of
between €500 to €4,000 per dairy farm per year.

Significance: Barley is the second most popular cereal crop grown
in the UK — in 2012, 5.52 million tonnes of barley were grown (market
value £1.02 billion). The research led to savings to the UK farming
industry of ~£5.4 million per annum

Summary of the impact

Impact: Economics. The first cloned mammal to be created from an
adult somatic cell and subsequent production of thousands of cloned
animals and their progeny.

Significance: The first evidence that adult specialized cells are
still capable of driving the development of a complete and fertile animal
which has been translated to preserve genetic characteristics of
exceptional value (e.g. competitiveness in horses)

Beneficiaries: Agriculture, livestock and equine industry,
commerce.

Attribution: Essential improvements to the Somatic Cell Nuclear
Transfer (SCNT) technique by Prof. Wilmut (Roslin Institute, now part of
UoE) were used to clone Dolly the sheep.

Reach: Worldwide: SCNT technology has been adopted around the
world, being used to clone multiple animal species.

Summary of the impact

Impact: Economics, policy, animal and human health: In 2006, SoS
(a Public Private Partnership-PPP) was established involving: University
of Edinburgh, a pharmaceutical company, a charity, and the Govt. of Uganda
to control sleeping sickness by eliminating Trypanasome carriage in
cattle. The prevalence of trypanosomiasis has been reduced by 75% and
sleeping sickness cases have fallen year on year since the PPP was
established and Uganda has received a cost benefit between US$125 and
$400M

Beneficiaries: The Ugandan population, Ugandan Cattle population.

Significance: Sleeping sickness, which is difficult to diagnose
and treat in humans, is often fatal. Ten million Ugandans are at risk from
sleeping sickness. SoS established a veterinary network in Uganda
producing