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Abstract:

Pump/turbine for multiple uses for water, wind, and oil power plants, for
Pipeline turbines, Energy plant, metering pump, compressors, for oil-free
compressed air, vacuum pumps including the high pressure pumps with
unlimited volumes, limited only by the size. Forward and backward with
the same performance. This is made possible by the unique Vanpwing
(Blade) guide grove, and the centerely located rotational body.
Advantages of this method: pumping chamber remains consistently high,
High precession possible in the conveying chamber sealing, High vacuum
and pressure produced at very low speeds, min. Frictional resistance, no
or only min. Wear, reach max. Pressure, vacuum, liter-capacity, up to the
physical limit.

Claims:

1. Fluid energy machine (20), comprising An outer casing (21), with a
circular or ellipsoid inner bore (23), in cylindrical shape, at least one
fluid inlet (26, 27) and at least one fluid outlet (27, 26) with a lock
(37) provided between the fluid inlet (26, 27) and the fluid outlet (27,
26), A casing bottom (36) and a casing lid (36), each comprising a staged
forced control (35) designed as a self-contained staged groove and
forming a self-contained track, A circular turning rotational body (24)
placed coaxially inside the outer casing (21), with a rotational bearing
(25), with the turning rotational body (24) having several grooves (32)
to take up one blade (31) each, with the respective blade (31) being
attached with a radius (41) on the side towards thee inner bore (23) With
either the turning rotational body (24) being applied with a fluid drain
groove (38) each behind the multiple grooves (32) at its side towards the
casing bottom (36) and the side towards the casing lid (36) to drain
fluid behind the multiple blades (31) into the groove (32) when
retracting the blades (31) or the casing bottom (36) or casing lid (36)
being applied with a fluid drain groove (38), With the outer casing (21)
having an inner diameter D1 that is smaller than the outer diameter D2 of
the outer casing (21), and the circular turning rotational body (24)
having an outer diameter D3 smaller than the inner diameter D1 of the
outer casing (21), so that there is a chamber (28) between the circular
turning rotational body (24) and the inner diameter of the outer casing
(21) which the fluid medium enters, with the fluid entering through the
fluid inlet (26, 27) into the chamber (28) draining in rotational
direction through the fluid outlet (27, 26), with the flow direction of
the fluid in the chamber (28) only depending on the rotational direction
of the turning rotational body (24) so that the position of the fluid
inlet (26, 27) referring to the position of the fluid outlet (27, 26)
only depends on the turning rotational body (24) so that pumping forwards
and backwards is possible, With the turning rotational body (24) being
driven for use of the fluid energy machine (20) as a pump, causing the
fluid to be conveyed through the chamber (28) by the blades (31) or
acting on the fluid on the blades (31) for use of the fluid energy
machine (20) as turbine, with the turning rotational body (24) being
driven, With the blades (31) being applied with axles (33) at two
opposing sides, each of which has two differently sized bearings (34)
attached on top of each other that move along the track of the staged
forced control (35) in the casing bottom (36) and the casing lid (36) to
completely retract or extend the blade (31) in the grooves (32) with the
staged forced control (35) in the casing bottom (36) being reached so
that one of the two bearings (34) attached on top of each other to the
respective blade (31) is used to extend the respective blade (31) and the
other bearing (34) to retract the respective blade (31), With the blades
(31) closing the chamber (28) when extended so that the fluid cannot flow
back and the blades (31) can pass the lock (37) when retracted, so that a
backpressure forms in rotational direction before the lock (37) that is
drained through fluid outlet (27, 26) and a vacuum builds behind the lock
(37) in rotational direction, With a lock (37) provided between the
radial outer surface of the turning rotational body (24) and the radial
inner surface in the inner bore (23) of the outer casing (21), and the
radius (29) of the turning rotational body (24) and the radius (40)
adjusted to the inner bore (23) of the outer casing (21) and the lock
separating the chamber (28) between the fluid inlet (26, 27) and the
fluid outlet (27, 26) to prevent flowing of the fluid against the desired
rotational direction of the turning rotational body (24), With the staged
forced control (35) retracting the blade (31) in rotational direction
even before reaching the lock (37) but extending it again after passing
the lock (37) while the other blades (31) entirely close the chamber (28)
at the same time.

2. Fluid energy machine (20) according to claim 1, characterised in that
the driven turning rotational body (24) conveys the fluid from the fluid
inlet (26, 27) to the fluid outlet (27, 26) in rotational direction of
the chamber (28) with the extended blades (31) when used as a pump.

3. Fluid energy machine (20) according to claim 1, characterised in that
the fluid is guided against the extended blades (31) that entirely close
off the chamber (28) at introduction to put the turning rotational body
(24) in rotation when used as a turbine.

4. Fluid energy machine (20) according to claim 1, characterised in that
a vacuum builds behind the lock (37) in rotational direction,
independently of whether liquid of gaseous fluid media are used.

5. Fluid energy machine (20) according to claim 1, characterised in that
a pressure transfer area transfers to the following completely extended
blade (31) before the handover area of the turning point (41) of the
blade (31) that just starts to retract by duct (42) or groove (43) in the
outer casing (21) or casing bottom (36) and casing lid (36).

6. Fluid energy machine (20) according to claim 1, characterised in that
the fluid inlet (26, 27) and fluid inlet (27, 26) are also placed so that
the fluid inlet (26, 27) and fluid inlet (27, 26) transfer the pressure
transfer to the following blade (31) completely extended from the turning
rotational body (24)

7. Fluid energy machine (20) according to claim 1, characterised in that
it is also provided that the blades (31) or turning rotational body (24)
are equipped with at least one duct (44) or groove (45) to introduce or
drain the fluid into or from the duct (44) or groove (32) behind the
multiple blades (31) when retracting or extending the blade (31) from the
turning rotational body (24).

Description:

[0001] The invention refers to a fluid energy machine with a circular or
ellipsoid casing cylindrical in one direction, with one or several fluid
inlets and one or several fluid outlets, in which a circular turning
rotational body is placed coaxially (centred, central) and rotatable on a
bearing.

[0010] The fluid energy machine according to the invention is able to
cover nearly any area of application because it combines various other
features in itself. A conventional pump or turbine requires a higher
energy expenditure or throughput for liquid or gaseous media as compared
to the invention. This is circumvented with the invention; the invention
is independent of performance and speed.

[0011] Additionally, the fluid energy machine must have the highest
possible efficiency. Furthermore, the invention of this fluid energy
machine can be produced maintenance- and wear-free. The underlying
principle should be applied in the above areas of applications.

[0012] The term of fluid energy machine comprises all machines where a
fluid is involved in energy conversion in liquid or gaseous form.

[0013] For example, turbines, pumps, condensers, vacuum pump, force
transmission (drives), and in the end also jet drives. A turbine converts
the kinetic energy of fluids into turning or rotational energy; they
therefore are continuous flow machines. Pumps, in contrast, are fluid
energy machines in which the energy inherent to the fluid is increased by
application of mechanic force. The pressure of the fluid medium is
increased or kinetic energy is added, often for the purpose of changing
position.

[0014] A conventional pump is usually only suitable specifically for a few
areas of application. Generally, a great number of fluid energy machines
are known; they are specifically used in different builds for a few areas
of application. All fluid energy machines have in common that they should
be constructed for the highest possible efficiency. This means that the
highest possible share of the underlying input energy is converted into
the desired output energy. This requires that the fluid energy machine
has a low loss itself.

[0015] Common pumps in the form of a vane pump, for example, are known
from the publications DE 691 25 372 T2, DE 10 2006 021 252 A1 and GB 319
467 A. Either of these publications describes a vane pump with vanes that
are moved into and out of slots in a rotor with a forced guide.

[0016] The task of the present invention is to create a fluid energy
machine that can be produced cost-efficiently and simply.

[0017] This task is solved by a fluid energy machine pursuant to patent
claim 1.

[0018] The fluid energy machine according to the invention has the
characteristics of pumping back and forth, achieving high displacement
volumes, generating high pressure or vacuum and achieving best values at
dry intake from large heights. Furthermore, the fluid energy machine
requires only a low speed (energy savings) or much lower use of a fluid
medium to achieve the comparable or better values of conventional fluid
energy machines, turbines. Thus, the areas of application as fluid energy
machine pump, turbine, condenser, vacuum pump, force transmission
(drives), jet drive are widely spread.

[0019] The fluid energy machine according to the invention has the
following characteristics: [0020] An outer casing with a circular or
ellipsoid inner bore (recess) in cylindrical shape with one or several
fluid inlets and one or several fluid outlets. [0021] A circular turning
rotational body in cylindrical build, set up on a coaxial (centred,
central) and rotating bearing. [0022] With a radial outer diameter that
is smaller than the radial inner diameter of the inner bore (recess) of
the outer casing so that a chamber (gap) for the fluid (medium) results
between one radial outer surface of the turning rotational body and a
radial inner bore (recess) of the outer casing [0023] The axial width of
the chamber (gap) is determined by the axial width of the inner bore
(recess) of the outer casing and the axial width of the rotational body
[0024] The height of the chamber (gap) is specified by the cylindrical
height of the casing and cylindrical height of the turning rotational
body so that the fluid can flow from the fluid inlet through the chamber
(gap) to the fluid outlet, [0025] With at least one lock between the
radial outersurface of the turning rotational body and the radial inner
bore (recess) of the outer casing provided that separates the chamber
(gap) between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet to lock the chamber
(gap) against the fluid [0026] With the flow direction only depending on
the direction of the input energy so that the fluid outlet only depends
on the rotational direction (pumping forwards and backwards) [0027] The
turning rotational body with at least one blade (preferably, several
blades are provided), that are placed retractable in a groove (recess) in
the turning rotational body to close the chamber (gap) in the extended
condition, [0028] Furthermore, the turning rotational body has a duct at
the floor and lid sides behind the groove (recess) for the blade, to
drain the fluid behind the blade when moving in, with this fluid drain
also being possible in the bottom or pump lid, and in a turning
rotational body with more than one blade, the fluid drain (duct) is
guided behind the blade extending at the same moment [0029] That a forced
control in the outer body bottom and lid is provided that is designed as
a combined circular and ellipsoid two-level groove or interlocking groove
that extends and retracts the blade in the turning rotational body groove
(recess) (blade stroke); when passing the lock, the blade is retracted
into the turning rotational body to the negative, after passing the lock,
the [0030] blade is extended to the inner bore of the outer casing to
convey fluid through the inlet [0031] with the blades being applied with
a tappet at the top and bottom to run the path of the forced control
(move along it) to retract or extend the blade; two overlapping ball
bearings or a grinding tappet, sprocket at the top and bottom are
provided.

[0032] The principle of the fluid energy machine is that the fluid in the
chamber (gap) moves (is pumped) between the inner circular turning
rotational body and the inner bore (recess) of the outer casing, with a
lock provided between the fluid in- and outlets. Pressure is built
against this lock in rotating direction, with a vacuum building behind
the lock in rotating direction, independently of whether the fluid media
are liquid or gaseous.

[0033] It is also essential that the blades are able to pass the lock. For
this purpose, they must be retracted in the groove (recess) of the
turning rotational body in the area of the lock so that they are lowered
into the turning rotational body when passing the lock; after passing the
lock and reaching the fluid inlet, they are extended again by forced
control in the outer body bottom and lid, built as a circular and
ellipsoid combined groove that retracts and extends the blade; the
rotational motion of the turning rotational body converts the blade
motion into linear motion.

[0034] The following figures explain the invention in more detail, with
this only being example setups. They show:

[0038] An example principle presentation of the forced control in the
bottom and lid of the outer casing.

[0039] FIG. 3:

[0040] An example principle presentation of the blade with ball bearing.

[0041] FIG. 4:

[0042] An example principle presentation of the lock.

[0043] FIG. 5:

[0044] An example principle presentation of the turning rotational body.

[0045] FIG. 6:

[0046] An example principle presentation of the pressure handover area, by
duct or groove in the casing bottom and casing lid.

[0047] FIG. 7:

[0048] An example principle presentation of the pressure handover area by
duct or groove in the outer casing.

[0049] FIG. 8:

[0050] An example principle presentation to move the fluid, behind the
blades by duct or groove in the blade, down when retracting and in when
extending.

[0051] FIG. 9:

[0052] An example principle presentation to move the fluid, behind the
blades by duct or groove in the turning rotational body, down when
retracting and in when extending.

[0053] FIG. 1 shows the fluid energy machine 20, essentially comprising an
outer casing 21, with a circular or ellipsoid inner bore (recess) 23, the
shape of which is cylindrical and with a circular turning rotational body
24 placed coaxially inside the casing 21, rotational due to bearing 25.
Furthermore, the turning rotational body 24 has a fluid drain groove
(duct) 38 at the bottom and lid sides behind the groove (recess) 32 for
the blade 31 to drain the fluid behind the blades 31 when retracting,
with this fluid drain also being potentially located in the bottom or
pump lid 36; in a turning rotational body 24 with more than one blade 31,
the fluid drain groove, (duct) 38 is guided behind the blade 31 extending
at the same moment.

[0055] The casing 21 has an inner diameter D1 that is smaller than the
outer diameter D2 of the casing 21, the circular turning rotational body
24 in turn has a smaller outer diameter D3 than the inner diameter D1 of
the casing 21, so that a chamber (gap) 18 remains between the circular
turning rotational body 24 and the casing 21 into which the fluid medium
gets.

[0056] The fluid enters the chamber (gap) 28 through the fluid inlet 26
and leaves it again in rotational direction through the fluid outlet 27;
the flow direction depends solely on the direction of the input energy,
so that the fluid inlet 26 and the fluid outlet 27 only depends on the
rotational direction and pumping forwards and backwards is possible. The
fluid is either transported through the chamber (gap) 28 into the
circular turning rotational direction by the blades 31, i.e. the circular
turning rotational body 24 is driven as pump when in use, or the fluid
itself affects the blades 31 and drives the circular turning rotational
body 24 like a turbine. The blades 31 can be retracted completely into
the turning rotational body in the grooves (recess) 32.

[0057] In the design example displayed, the blades 31 are attached with
axles 33 on both sides to attach two differently sized bearings 34 above
each other there that move the track of the staged forced control 35 in
the casing bottom 36 and casing lid 36 (run along it), to completed
retract or extend the blade 31.

[0058] With one of the two bearings 34 attached on top of each other at
the blade 31 serving to extend blade 31 and the other bearing 34 to
retract the blade 31; this is achieved by the staged forced control 35 in
the casing bottom 36 and casing lid 36.

[0059] In the extended condition, the blades 31 close the chamber (gap) 28
so that the fluid cannot flow back; sealing should be as tight as
possible and the blade 31 can pass lock 37 when retracted, so that a
backpressure forms in rotational direction before lock 37 and is drained
through fluid outlet 27 while the two other blades 31 close off the
chamber (gap) 28 completely. Behind lock 37, a vacuum forms when
extending the blade 31 in rotational direction independently of whether
liquid of gaseous fluid media are used.

[0060] With lock 37 being provided between the radial outer surface of the
turning rotational body 24 and the radial inner bore (recess) 23 of the
outer casing 21, separating the chamber (gap) 28 between the fluid inlet
26 and the fluid outlet 27 to lock the chamber (gap) 28 for the fluid to
prevent flowing of the fluid against the desired rotational direction of
the circular turning rotational body 24. With the staged forced control
35 retracting even before the lock 37 reaches blade 31 in rotational
direction, but extends again after passing of the lock 37; it is provided
that the other blades 31 close off the chamber (gap) 28 completely at the
same time.

[0061] The invention is not limited to the design examples displayed but
also comprises other design forms like the staged forced control 35 blade
control as tappet, sprocket at the top and bottom side or a grinding
tappet, and the shape of the blades 31 should be adjusted to the demanded
conditions according to the knowledge of flow mechanics and flow
technology.

Patent applications in class SELECTIVELY ADJUSTABLE VANE OR WORKING FLUID CONTROL MEANS

Patent applications in all subclasses SELECTIVELY ADJUSTABLE VANE OR WORKING FLUID CONTROL MEANS