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Step in Decision

Several steps have been recognized in decision making. In presenting them, it is convenient to use a logical sequence but this pattern is a temporary one. The first Defining a decision: in this phase, recognition of a problem arises and a diagnosis is made. It is of a primary importance that the manager should first determine or specify his task, i.e., the aim or purpose to be achieved. Second, Analysing a decision: in this phase, we analyze the decision by asking the questions: what is the decision for, what will it change, what will it achieve, and whom will it affect. Third, Reviewing factors: in this phase, we review the different factors which affect a situation. Fourth, Analysing possible course of action: during this phase, we analyze all the possible alternatives. Having examined all the relevant factors, it should become clear that there are a number of courses of action open to us. Fifth, Choosing the best alternatives: during this phase, a particular course of action is selected from among those which are available. When the mind has carried out its calculations, it offers the decision. Sixth, Implementing decision: to implement means to put into action. The process of decision is not complete until it is implemented and we have learnt to live with the consequences. Seventh, Evaluating decision: the last step is decision making is the evaluation of the decision. Sometimes, there is vigorous criticism of the decision that has been made. The manager should proposed changes and their consequences. Because, Good decision making is an essential skill for career success generally, and effective leadership particularly. If you can learn to make timely and well-considered decisions, then you can often lead your team to spectacular and well-deserved success. However, if you make poor decisions, your team risks failure and your time as a leader will, most likely, be brutally short. The techniques in this section help you to make the best decisions possible with the information you have available. These tools help you map out the likely consequences of decisions, work out the importance of individual factors and choose the best course of action to take. These techniques build on the tools discussed in the section on Problem Solving Tools, in that Decision Making follows on from an understanding of the situation. The section on Creativity Tools will help you to explore what alternatives that are open to you.