Let’s get this out of the way: musicians are not a “niche” group. Recording has done some damage to the popular practice of live music, but still, you’ll find an astonishing number of people play instruments and sing. (New pop culture phenomena like Glee, the Guitar Hero/Rock Band games, and the resurgent TV talent show have helped, too.)

What’s “niche” is conventional music production software. While it’s a fast-growing segment, music making software remains elusive and befuddling to a whole lot of musicians. GarageBand for Mac was one answer to what software for the remaining group should look like. But pick up GarageBand for iOS, and you experience software that comes even closer to that vision. It’s simply one of the best-designed music tools for iOS, and would be so whether or not it carried the Apple name. It’s not the perfect tool for every iPad owner, necessarily, but it’s perhaps the best window into what a tablet can be for music. It realizes that original idea of GarageBand better than anything we’ve seen yet.

GarageBand has had just over a year on the iPad, and has gotten a significant revision. That’s left time to dive deeper into its features, for me, testing on the very first iPad and working now with the additional features Apple added more recently. Here’s why it could be worth trying (including if you’re an advanced iOS user or even music developer), why you might recommend it to beginners, and a few things about it that you might not know as far as more sophisticated functionality. (I’ll focus on the iPad functionality primarily, because for me it was the ideal form factor with which to produce music.)

GarageBand features a combination of familiar, accessible UI features and useful tools for quick sketching and recording. Underneath the hood, you can often get more sophisticated with things like key and chords, for those who do know what they’re doing musically. It’s not the only tool you’ll need, but for beginners, it could mean a window to other tools on iPad and desktop. And for more advanced users, it has some unexpected treasures.

I’ve spent some time with the software design. Here’s what makes I feel it special:

Design Strengths

I am your density. Density of touch controls is essential to design. Some iOS apps, while powerful, have so many controls that they can be tough on fat fingers and confusing to beginners. Others go to the opposite extreme, becoming so oversimplified that it’s hard to make the music you produce sound like your own (fine for toys or games, but not for creative software). Editing on GarageBand for iPad never feels awkward. Switching between editing modes can be a little disorienting at first, but the interface on each screen is crystal clear. The interface details (like woodgrain) that seem sometimes out of place on desktop also look perfect here, and they manage to add detail and texture without being distracting.

It feels naturally touchable. I still prefer hooking up a MIDI keyboard, but the touch instruments in GarageBand, and the editing interfaces, also feel natural. It really is possible to sketch out an idea with touch, at least in a broad sense. That immediacy is perfect for something that’s mobile, and for making music software feel like something you can touch directly. It overcomes the feeling both in desktop software and many iPad apps that the software is somehow at arm’s length.

It’s the most familiar to conventional musicians. Without being condescending to its users, GarageBand for iPad makes choices immediate and visually obvious. Rather than puzzling through a foreign interface, you find crisp text and images of familiar instruments, microphones, and other eminently musical metaphors. That extends to musical vocabulary on synth controls, keys and scales, and the like. People who have at least a little background in music will understand how to use this app, and without having to either learn a futuristic, alien UI (fun as those are) or be specifically versed in electronic music technology. There are a couple of confusing icons – the “Instruments” icon looks like you’re tying up a boat with a knot more than a patch cord – but by and large, this is a familiar interface.

Smart Guitar is an excellent view of some of the layers of usage possible in GarageBand – and a view of what other iPad apps could explore. In “Notes” mode, you play it almost like a conventional guitar, one string at a time, with frets and bends as expected.

In “Chords” mode, this view is simplified.

Switch on Autoplay, and you can select some fairly nice-sounding guitar licks. You’ve seen that in plug-ins before, but in the “take it on a bus and sketch songwriting ideas” context of the iPad, and coupled with touch, it can be useful even if you know the guitar.

At first, this setup can feel constraining, but tucked into a menu are options for adjusting song parameters. From there, you can choose to edit chords.

By editing chord configurations, you can set up a touchable sketchpad for song ideas – without having to feel like you can’t use the chord progressions you want. (In other words, no, you’re not as you might initially think limited to root-position I – IV – V. And this is a strength of various applications for the iPad for the serious musician. It’s also a nice gateway for people who are learning.)

Now, for a few details you might not know.

A showcase for the iPad’s tech

Initially, some third-party developers worried that Apple’s entry into iPad apps would crowd out independent developers. Instead, I feel GarageBand can be an effective showcase – and, given its price, it’s also a good entry for those of you curious about iPad music making, which could lead to other apps. You would hope Apple would lead in tech adoption, and in this case, they gladly do:

It supports high DPI. If you do have a third-generation iPad (“the new iPad”), it should look especially nice. (I’m still on an original iPad; happily, it doesn’t look too shabby there, either.)

It has some powerful wireless Jam Session features. You can communicate over Bluetooth or local WiFi with up to four total iOS devices. One device acts as a “bandleader,” and then other gadgets – including the iPhone – can synchronize to tempo, play position, and play controls. Smart instruments also follow shared chords, though you can play outside those chords if you like. You can also elect to turn off bandleader control.

The coolest feature of sync, and the one that’s something new in “multiplayer” music making, is the ability to collect recordings on the “bandleader” device automatically. This suggests some real collaborative possibilities for music making that go beyond just syncing tempo, and it’s something I hope we see on desktop soon, too.

You can use USB keyboards and the like, via Core MIDI support. So, cool as those smart instruments are with touch, you can also play conventionally. Some of the “smart” features are even supported via MIDI.

You can use GarageBand with other iPad apps, thanks to Audio Copy/Paste. That could make GarageBand an ideal iOS hub for a studio of other third-party instruments and tools. It does work in just one direction – you can paste materials into GarageBand, but not out again – but that makes some sense, with GarageBand as your main “host” or editor tool.

I hope to get together with some other iPad owners in June to document how the wireless features work in video, and perhaps show off some of those Copy/Paste workflows; stay tuned.

Playability

The Instruments are an important feature for GarageBand. They won’t suit everyone – people wanting to make specific kinds of music should take a look through the diversity of what’s available for iOS in synths, instruments, and the like. But they do cover some basics. There are also some unique “smart” playability features.

Advanced articulations: try playing with some of the different instruments, and you’ll discover some nice features. Multi-touch gestures will often unlock certain instrumental techniques. The stringed instruments will respond when you play on the neck or use different voicings. Sections, as in grouped strings, will add swells or pizzicato, depending on how you play. These are features you’d expect of an advanced sample library, but not necessarily an iPad app – and it’s nice to be able to use your fingers on the screen to play them.

The Smart Strings instrument is well worth a play-through.

Also, while non-electronic genres definitely get a lot of love from GarageBand from the amps to instrument models, fans of electronic or dance music (or electro nuts, if you like) get plenty of synth bass and keyboard instruments. That’s what you’d expect from software that shares lineage with Logic, and it almost strikes me as a challenge to produce an electronic track entirely on GarageBand. (I’ll see what I can do; I’ve got a lot of travel coming up!)

My favorite current feature is the arpeggiator in the keyboard, which is a must on a touchscreen instrument.

Above, synth and keyboard features.

In fact, while it’s also one of the more innovative features, I think my only disappointment is with the smart drum instruments. It’s a fascinating feature, letting you add different rhythmic parts by complexity, but it often falls a bit short of coming up with something genuinely musical, sounding a bit more like the auto-accompaniment it is. I think this really speaks to the demands we make of rhythm. It’s usable, it just may have you going back to editing to produce something original (not that there’s anything wrong with that).

It’s a fascinating simplification of drum part arrangement, but the Smart Drums may just need more patterns or some other groove control. Still, it’s a decent starting point for a song idea.

Guitar and string parts, in contrast, do really shine; they cover relatively stock gestures, but that could be perfect when you’re sketching out a new song idea. You can always fill in more elaborate parts later when you work on a more complete track, more likely then in a studio or on a desktop machine.

Editability

Editing was a bit short in the first release, and in some music making apps, but here, those features have been fleshed out in a way that’s nonetheless intuitive and accessible.

A lot has been made of the comparison of the old tape four-track – like a Tascam – and the iPad. Here, you can create subs and bounce tracks together to make new tracks, so that basic workflow is possible. (In place of the four track, what you’ve got, basically, is an eight track.)

It’s also possible to non-destructively merge editor tracks.

Note editing is, of course, a major addition to GarageBand. At last, it makes this a usable production tool. You’ll also find, appropriately, different editing options for drum parts, audio, and instrumental parts.

It’s also important to note that your musical options aren’t dumbed-down. You can create custom chords, rather than being locked into certain harmonies. Triple time signatures are possible, too (3/4 and 6/8 – sorry, Elliot Carter fans, it does stop there). You also get basic options for features like swing and quantization.

The only editing feature I’d still like to see is notation. A notational view would open up GarageBand to still more conventional musicians, and a score seems a perfect editing interface on a tablet. Aside from force of habit, the score is literally designed for this form factor, making music easy to see and understand.

Sharing and workflow features:

Some people will choose to produce entirely on an iPad or iPhone, but to make that mobility an advantage, you need to be able to share directly, and for some of us, at least, you’ll want to use the mobile gadget as a satellite, coming back to your main studio for more.

You can now sync projects across iPhone and iPad, and so on, as well as back to your desktop Mac for editing in GarageBand and Logic. You can also save to an iMovie soundtrack directly on the iPad, so you can use this as an on-the-go scoring tool.

You can also share to Facebook, YouTube, and, as part of a growing trend, SoundCloud.

But most importantly, import/export support means you can make projects your own, and use your iOS device in conjunction with a desktop machine or full studio. You can import and export your own media, including MP3, AAC (up to 192 kbps), AIFF, WAV, and Mac Apple Loops. (Of course, lossless files are generally a better choice.) Just add the file to iTunes.

Which devices are supported? GarageBand works on iPod touch, iPhone, and iPad. You can use Jam Session on iPod touch (current models), but not third-generation iPhone or earlier and or older iPod touch models.

Conclusions

Part of the beauty of iPad music development, as the field matures, is that not every single tool tries to be all things to all people. But that doesn’t mean a tool shouldn’t feel meaty enough to be used over time.

On a variety of platforms, we’ve been waiting for a tool that can be an effective starting point. GarageBand on the iPad hits a sweet spot as far as that’s concerned. For playable instruments usable with touch – via the tablet, even if you’re crammed into a narrow seat on easyJet – it’s fantastic. Its interface is conventional enough that beginning musicians won’t feel as though they’ve just stolen a Klingon battle cruiser. But it’s also sophisticated enough that you can sketch out a song. For more advanced users, it’s still worth having around for that purpose, arranging chords and performing simple capture from other apps.

When do you outgrow it, what’s nice about the iPad is that it’s stupidly simple and affordable to add other tools. Want a more powerful song editor? Need a better groove machine / drum machine? Want to add vocal effects? You can simply turn to another app – but only to do what you really need, and only when you need it.

My only real regret is, even beginning musicians and songwriters often benefit from music notation. The absence of a score view/editor or the ability to see your music as notation seems a big omission.

Otherwise, GarageBand is a marvel – a perfect anchor from which to explore the outburst of developer creativity on this platform. In fact, far from portraying Apple as “consumer” company, it makes an excellent argument for the pro application development chops they’ve built up over the years – and could easily get people hooked enough to get into Logic Studio on a Mac laptop.

I hope we have at least opened some doors to finding new tools for users wondering what to do with their iPads (or iPhones, or iPod touches). And on that note, it’s worth revisiting the original GarageBand launch video, to see, with more distance, how Apple articulated their ideas for the app:

Great article Peter. I also have been impressed and enjoying Garageband’s flexibility and power as a sketchpad. I definitely agree with you on the drums, they never really come out well, and there seems little control. However, with audio import, you can make use of plenty of other great iOS drum apps (DM1, iElectribe, Funkbox, Modrum, etc.)

subshell001

I get OK results with the smart drums if I enable merge recording, and then do multiple passes of automating the icon positions with a lot of movement in order to make my own patterns from the given ones. Just move em around when recording.

hypno|sapien

I think it’s important to mention the drums! The velocity sensitivity of the touch interface really isn’t bad. I’ve been a drummer for a long time, and I can sniff out a lack of velocity layered drum samples a mile away. I’ve recorded several drum loops in this app, and anyone would be hard pressed to tell them apart from a basic kit recorded with a live drummer. It’s not BFD or Battery, but it’s far more than I would have ever expected from an iPad!

And I think the smart drums aren’t bad, as long as you roll the dice frequently. Like 1 or 2 times per bar…

http://pkirn.com/ Peter Kirn

Heh, okay, I take this as a challenge. Maybe I just wasn’t nailing the right approach. Sounds like a call for a video…

subshell001

I also like the arpeggiator a lot. What’s cool is if you switch it to Pitch mode and then enable it, you can arpeggiate the pitch bends… Off the top of my head I can’t think of anything else that lets you do that.

The smart drums would be better if you could pick more patterns or design your own. But it’s definitely worth noting that you can automate the movements of the little icons when recording, which makes it immensely more useful.

Jo Publik

Peter, first time I’ve ever written here. wanted to say your articles are of a very very HIGH standard, thankyou for all you do, really amazing work. I agree with you..GB for iOs is simply jawdroppingly amazing compared to many other apps, and even compared to many traditional DAWs. I too find that drums are a little limited in sound palette, but can make up for this using other apps. The question is should i change my main DAW (ableton) to Logic to be more esaily able to really develope these sketchs into complete tracks… ? I’m waiting for the magic app from Live, but I have a feeling it’s not for tomorrow. Any thoughts?

i do not want an ipad….but i want the apps! lots of good synth apps and now we have a good “daw”? time to search the couch cushions.

but the real holy grail is app to app recording so i can hit record on Garage Band and then switch to some granular synth and start doodling.

http://twitter.com/celibacyclub celibacyclub

ipad 1 are rather cheap these days

kent williams

What reading this reminds me of: The decline and fall of Sony’s Acid Pro. Acid was the killer app of 1998, and since the sale to Sony it feels like they kludged on new features in a very confusing and hard to use manner. I have a friend who makes hip hop and he goes out of his way to keep Acid 3 on his machine because it was the last release that didn’t distract and confuse him with features he didn’t care about.

Garage Band totally bites Acid’s style, but even if you’re not an Apple fan, you can’t deny their expertise in usability. I don’t use it, because I’m comfortable with other programs, but it’s a good piece of work. So the Acid->Garage Band thing is an example of Apple embracing and extending a user interface paradigm well.

On the PC side, at least we have Reaper, which is amazing — it started from the Acid paradigm, and ran with it, arguably in the right direction (if you don’t like what Sony’s done).

Maybe it’s time for CDM to take a look at where Reaper’s at eh?

Miguel Marcos

I second the request to look at Reaper.

I’m Garageband on both iOS and Mac but I’m approaching limits in GB on the Mac. I could make the leap to Logic Express; it would keep the GB/iOS viable. If I went with Reaper I’d have to use a different DAW on iOS.

http://pkirn.com/ Peter Kirn

Reaper it is! Different animal — and desktop rather than mobile– but also worth looking at… was thinking about that the other day.

Coolout

Actually, I remember reading that Apple’s Garageband and Soundtrack Pro were created by some of the guys who were on the original Acid development team at Sonic Foundry. That’s the reason those apps resemble Acid Pro so much. The whole Apple loops concept really is just an Apple version of “Acidized” wav files.

Coolout

Reaper on the other hand was originally created by the WinAmp guy (as a labor of love) to be a clone of the audio portion of Vegas, which is the reason it follows the SonyFo (Sonic Foundry/Sony Creative Software) workflow.

Frank Lawrence

Great article as usual. I was interested in the chord edit feature, but it does not appear on my wrench menu. I believe I’ve updated to the current version. Settings says version 1.2.1 (178.84). Any thoughts?

Miguel Marcos

Frank, are you sure you’ve got it set to a Smart instrument? At the bottom of the wrench menu is ‘Edit Chords’.

Frank Lawrence

That was it! Thanks very much. It does not show up on the menu with a “dumb” instrument, only a smart one.

http://willieknox.webs.com/ Charles Dixon

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Robert

Can I record my own keyboard sounds on garageband and if so how? I have a Roland Juno Di.

Ian Low

I have done an entire pop album with just the garageband app and using the iphone 5 earphones as a mic … check it out …