Slides in this set

Slide 1

Gender identityEarly socialisation intogender identity has a stronginfluence on subject choice ofpupils…read more

Slide 2

VERBAL ABUSE· Connell: "rich vocabulary of abuse" ­ abuse is one of the way that gender domination and sexual identities are reinforced· E.g. name calling ­ boys pick on girls so that they behave/dress in a certain way· Lees: boys called girls `slags' if they were sexually active and `drags' if they weren't· Paetcher: name-calling shapes gender identity and maintains patriarchy· `Gay', `queer' and `lezzie' used to `police' sexual identities· Parker: boys labelled as `gay' of they were friendly with girls/female teachersTHIS REINFORCES GENDER NORMS.…read more

Slide 3

MALE PEER GROUPS· Male peer groups use verbal abuse to reinforce what is meant by "masculinity"· Mac an Ghaill Parnell School: `macho lads' (w/c) were dismissive of other w/c boys that worked hard and wanted to get m/c jobs· `Real Englishmen' (m/c) tried to show `effortless achievement' by succeeding without having to try although most tried in secret· Redman and Mac an Ghaill: Macho lads in lower school became real Englishmen in sixth form ­ shift from toughness to intellectual ability…read more

Slide 4

TEACHERS AND DISCIPLINE· Haywood and Mac an Ghaill found that male teachers told boys off for `behaving like girls' ad teased tem when they got lower marks than girls· Teachers tended to ignore the verbal abuse that the boys gave the girls and sometimes blamed the girls· Askew and Ross: male teachers were protective over female teachers and `rescue' them from disruptive pupils reinforces gender identity that women cannot cope.…read more

Slide 5

THE MALE GAZE· Gender identities can be controlled in a visual way· Mac and Ghaill called this the `male gaze' ­ male pupils/teachers look at girls as if they are sexual objects and make judgements about their appearance· Male gaze= surveillance so that dominant heterosexual masculinity can be reinforced and femininity devalued· Also a way for boys prove masculinity to their friends ­ telling of stories and sexual conquests· If they don't show their heterosexuality, they may be called `gay'…read more

Slide 6

DOUBLE STANDARDS· Double standard means we can apply one set of standards to one group but a different set to another· Lees found a double standard between sexual morality boys boast about their sexual exploits but call girls `slags' if they don't have steady boyfriends or dress in a certain way· Sexual conquest is approved of and gains status for boys, it's also ignored by male teachers but for girls, `promiscuity' attracts a negative label· Feminists say double standards show patriarchal ideology and makes male power and devaluing women seem acceptableALL OF THESE FACTORS HELP TO REINFORCE GENDER INEQUALITY.…read more

GENDER IDENTITY

Slides in this set

Slide 1

Gender identityEarly socialisation intogender identity has a stronginfluence on subject choice ofpupils…read more

Slide 2

VERBAL ABUSE· Connell: "rich vocabulary of abuse" ­ abuse is one of the way that gender domination and sexual identities are reinforced· E.g. name calling ­ boys pick on girls so that they behave/dress in a certain way· Lees: boys called girls `slags' if they were sexually active and `drags' if they weren't· Paetcher: name-calling shapes gender identity and maintains patriarchy· `Gay', `queer' and `lezzie' used to `police' sexual identities· Parker: boys labelled as `gay' of they were friendly with girls/female teachersTHIS REINFORCES GENDER NORMS.…read more

Slide 3

MALE PEER GROUPS· Male peer groups use verbal abuse to reinforce what is meant by "masculinity"· Mac an Ghaill Parnell School: `macho lads' (w/c) were dismissive of other w/c boys that worked hard and wanted to get m/c jobs· `Real Englishmen' (m/c) tried to show `effortless achievement' by succeeding without having to try although most tried in secret· Redman and Mac an Ghaill: Macho lads in lower school became real Englishmen in sixth form ­ shift from toughness to intellectual ability…read more

Slide 4

TEACHERS AND DISCIPLINE· Haywood and Mac an Ghaill found that male teachers told boys off for `behaving like girls' ad teased tem when they got lower marks than girls· Teachers tended to ignore the verbal abuse that the boys gave the girls and sometimes blamed the girls· Askew and Ross: male teachers were protective over female teachers and `rescue' them from disruptive pupils reinforces gender identity that women cannot cope.…read more

Slide 5

THE MALE GAZE· Gender identities can be controlled in a visual way· Mac and Ghaill called this the `male gaze' ­ male pupils/teachers look at girls as if they are sexual objects and make judgements about their appearance· Male gaze= surveillance so that dominant heterosexual masculinity can be reinforced and femininity devalued· Also a way for boys prove masculinity to their friends ­ telling of stories and sexual conquests· If they don't show their heterosexuality, they may be called `gay'…read more

Slide 6

DOUBLE STANDARDS· Double standard means we can apply one set of standards to one group but a different set to another· Lees found a double standard between sexual morality boys boast about their sexual exploits but call girls `slags' if they don't have steady boyfriends or dress in a certain way· Sexual conquest is approved of and gains status for boys, it's also ignored by male teachers but for girls, `promiscuity' attracts a negative label· Feminists say double standards show patriarchal ideology and makes male power and devaluing women seem acceptableALL OF THESE FACTORS HELP TO REINFORCE GENDER INEQUALITY.…read more