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TRICHOMONIASIS-THE DISEASE
Bovine Trichomoniasis (Trick 0 moan eye a sis) is a
venereal disease of cattle caused by the protozoan
Tritrichomonas Joetus, which is about the size of a sperm
cell. Infected bulls carry the protozoan on their penis and
prepuce. As a bull ages the conditions on the surface of the
organs become more favorable allowing the organism to
survive and multiply.
Trichomoniasis, or ''Trich'', is transmitted to cows through
breeding. Cows usually abort early in the pregnancy and
become temporarily infertile. Cattle producers can lose
valuable income from the resulting extended breeding
season and diminished calf crop. In a herd with a compact
breeding season decreases in calving percentages can reach
50%.
You can't tell by looking! Infected breeding bulls continue
to appear and act normally. Only testing will confirm the
presence or absence of the disease causing protozoa. Once
infected, bulls remain infected and capable of spreading
infection. No approved treatment or vaccine exists for
bulls.
The majority of infected cows will clear the infection if
given 120-150 days (4-5 months) of sexual rest. A vaccine
can also be administered to cows to help prevent the disease.
There is evidence that a very small percentage of cows may
carry the infection through a gestation or a dry period and
reinfect virgin bulls the next breeding season.
Producers with infected herds should work with their
veterinarian to determine the most appropriate measures to
eliminate the disease from their cattle herds.
More information on management of the disease can be
obtained from your local veterinarian, Oklahoma State
University College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State
University Extension Service, Oklahoma Animal Disease
Diagnostic Laboratory, or the Animal Industry Division of
Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, Food, and Forestry
(ODAFF).
OKLAHOMA'S CATTLE TRICHOMONIASIS
PROGRAM
Most states in the western part of the United States have
developed "Trich" regulations to help control the disease.
Many other states are recognizing the seriousness of the
disease and are currently developing or implementing
regulatory programs.
ODAFF worked with producer groups, veterinarians, and
lab personnel to develop our Oklahoma Trich regulations.
Although the primary impact of Trichomoniasis is on
female cattle and female cattle can spread Trich to bulls,
Oklahoma Trich regulations focus on breeding bulls, the
reservoir for the disease.
REQUIREMENTS FOR BREEDING BULLS
ENTERING OKLAHOMA
(Interstate Movement)
Bulls entering Oklahoma from any state must be tested
negative for Trichomoniasis within 30 days of entry and be
identified with an official identification device. Acceptable
lD are a silver metal USDA tag, 840 RFlD tag, registration
tattoo or brand if accompanied by a copy of the registration
papers. Exceptions are:
• Bulls less than 24 months of age that can be certified as
virgin bulls.
• Bulls consigned directly to slaughter.
• Rodeo or bucking bulls that travel to an event and then
leave the state.
Three negative culture
negative PCR Test
requirements.
tests at least I week apart or I
meets the Oklahoma testing
For ALL bulls entering Oklahoma, applicable tuberculosis
and/or brucellosis entry requirements must be met and the
shipment must have a valid Certificate of Veterinary
Inspection.
For OK entry requirement information, call ODAFF's
permit line at 405-522-6141 or check the ODAFF web page
at www.ocla. stalc.ok.us/forms/ais/oair.pclf .
REQUIREMENTS FOR BREEDING BULLS
CHANGE OF OWNERSWP WlTWN OKLAHOMA
(Intrastate Movement)
35: 15-38
Effective January 1, 2011, any bull changing ownership in
Oklahoma by private sale, public sale, lease, trade, or barter
must have a negative test for Trichomoniasis within 30 days
of change of ownership. Exceptions are:
• Bulls that are less than 24 months of age and can be
certified as virgin bulls.
• Bulls that are being sold directly to a slaughter
Establishment.
• "Cutter bulls" that will be fed for slaughter only.
Untested bulls consigned to livestock markets will be
allowed to be sampled at the market at the buyer's expense
and transported to the buyer's premise under quarantine
until negative test results have been reported. The livestock
market will not be liable for bulls that test positive after the
sale. Those bulls must be castrated or sold for slaughter
only within to days of notification.
If a bull tests positive he must be sold directly for slaughter
or castrated within to days of notification. The herd of
origin will be notified that a bull from the herd tested
positive for Trich. The herd owner will be advised to
contact their veterinarian for assistance in managing and
eradicating tbe disease from the herd.

TRICHOMONIASIS-THE DISEASE
Bovine Trichomoniasis (Trick 0 moan eye a sis) is a
venereal disease of cattle caused by the protozoan
Tritrichomonas Joetus, which is about the size of a sperm
cell. Infected bulls carry the protozoan on their penis and
prepuce. As a bull ages the conditions on the surface of the
organs become more favorable allowing the organism to
survive and multiply.
Trichomoniasis, or ''Trich'', is transmitted to cows through
breeding. Cows usually abort early in the pregnancy and
become temporarily infertile. Cattle producers can lose
valuable income from the resulting extended breeding
season and diminished calf crop. In a herd with a compact
breeding season decreases in calving percentages can reach
50%.
You can't tell by looking! Infected breeding bulls continue
to appear and act normally. Only testing will confirm the
presence or absence of the disease causing protozoa. Once
infected, bulls remain infected and capable of spreading
infection. No approved treatment or vaccine exists for
bulls.
The majority of infected cows will clear the infection if
given 120-150 days (4-5 months) of sexual rest. A vaccine
can also be administered to cows to help prevent the disease.
There is evidence that a very small percentage of cows may
carry the infection through a gestation or a dry period and
reinfect virgin bulls the next breeding season.
Producers with infected herds should work with their
veterinarian to determine the most appropriate measures to
eliminate the disease from their cattle herds.
More information on management of the disease can be
obtained from your local veterinarian, Oklahoma State
University College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State
University Extension Service, Oklahoma Animal Disease
Diagnostic Laboratory, or the Animal Industry Division of
Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, Food, and Forestry
(ODAFF).
OKLAHOMA'S CATTLE TRICHOMONIASIS
PROGRAM
Most states in the western part of the United States have
developed "Trich" regulations to help control the disease.
Many other states are recognizing the seriousness of the
disease and are currently developing or implementing
regulatory programs.
ODAFF worked with producer groups, veterinarians, and
lab personnel to develop our Oklahoma Trich regulations.
Although the primary impact of Trichomoniasis is on
female cattle and female cattle can spread Trich to bulls,
Oklahoma Trich regulations focus on breeding bulls, the
reservoir for the disease.
REQUIREMENTS FOR BREEDING BULLS
ENTERING OKLAHOMA
(Interstate Movement)
Bulls entering Oklahoma from any state must be tested
negative for Trichomoniasis within 30 days of entry and be
identified with an official identification device. Acceptable
lD are a silver metal USDA tag, 840 RFlD tag, registration
tattoo or brand if accompanied by a copy of the registration
papers. Exceptions are:
• Bulls less than 24 months of age that can be certified as
virgin bulls.
• Bulls consigned directly to slaughter.
• Rodeo or bucking bulls that travel to an event and then
leave the state.
Three negative culture
negative PCR Test
requirements.
tests at least I week apart or I
meets the Oklahoma testing
For ALL bulls entering Oklahoma, applicable tuberculosis
and/or brucellosis entry requirements must be met and the
shipment must have a valid Certificate of Veterinary
Inspection.
For OK entry requirement information, call ODAFF's
permit line at 405-522-6141 or check the ODAFF web page
at www.ocla. stalc.ok.us/forms/ais/oair.pclf .
REQUIREMENTS FOR BREEDING BULLS
CHANGE OF OWNERSWP WlTWN OKLAHOMA
(Intrastate Movement)
35: 15-38
Effective January 1, 2011, any bull changing ownership in
Oklahoma by private sale, public sale, lease, trade, or barter
must have a negative test for Trichomoniasis within 30 days
of change of ownership. Exceptions are:
• Bulls that are less than 24 months of age and can be
certified as virgin bulls.
• Bulls that are being sold directly to a slaughter
Establishment.
• "Cutter bulls" that will be fed for slaughter only.
Untested bulls consigned to livestock markets will be
allowed to be sampled at the market at the buyer's expense
and transported to the buyer's premise under quarantine
until negative test results have been reported. The livestock
market will not be liable for bulls that test positive after the
sale. Those bulls must be castrated or sold for slaughter
only within to days of notification.
If a bull tests positive he must be sold directly for slaughter
or castrated within to days of notification. The herd of
origin will be notified that a bull from the herd tested
positive for Trich. The herd owner will be advised to
contact their veterinarian for assistance in managing and
eradicating tbe disease from the herd.