In 1965, two things came together that resulted in the creation
of a state park system in Idaho. First, Roland and Averrell Harriman agreed
to donate what is now Harriman State Park to the State of Idaho on the condition
that a professional agency be created to manage it. Second, the federal
Land and Water Conservation Fund was created. Statewide recreation planning
was required to qualify for the federal funds which were used to develop
state and local recreation facilities. It would take a state agency to do
that.

Prior to the authorization of the Idaho Department of Parks
and Recreation, there existed in the state areas designated "scenic
and recreational," usually parks and campgrounds. Since 1907 these
areas had been administered by the State Land Board. In 1947, state parks
were transferred to the Highway Department, and responsibility grew with
the addition of a number of roadside areas, where motorists on the freeway
might pull off for a night's rest. In 1949 control of the parks system was
transferred to the State Land Board. A Parks Division was created within
the Land Board in 1953. John W. Emmert, a retired former superintendent
of Glacier National Park, took charge of the Idaho program in April 1958.
This form of administration continued until 1959 when Emmert was replaced
with three regional directors.

Since 1965, the Department has been governed by a six-person
bipartisan board, each member representing a different geographic area of
the state. The board has the power "to appoint a ....director to serve
at its discretion" (Title 67, Chapter 42, Idaho Code). In 1966, the
board appointed Wilhelm A Beckert to the post of director. In 1971, Steve
Bly assumed the director's position. He served until 1975. Dale R. Christiansen
served from 1976-1984. Then in 1984, Bob Meinen, who had joined the Department
in 1977, was promoted to director and stayed until 1987, when he left to
assume a cabinet-level post in the Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks.
He is currently Director of the Oregon Department of Parks and Recreation.

Yvonne Ferrell became the fifth director in December 1987,
after having served as deputy director in the Washington State Parks and
Recreation division. At the time she was hired by the Board, Yvonne was
the only female director in the nation.

The federal Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF) has been
responsible for the acquisition, development, and improvement of over $60
million in outdoor recreation sites and facilities in Idaho since 1965,
which includes 475 recreational projects. Most of that money has been spent
to develop city and county park facilities. The annual appropriation for
Idaho ranged from $0 to $1.5 million. The majority of the money came from
fees paid by oil companies for off-shore leasing. The program provided 50
percent matching grant monies to sponsors of approved projects. Money collected
for the LWCF stateside program has not been appropriated in recent years.

Of particular significance was the acquisition and development
of Harriman State Park for over $8.8 million, the largest LWCF project in
the state. This project also included the acquisition and development of
other parks in the state, such as Ponderosa, Heyburn, Winchester, Henrys
Lake, Farragut and Bruneau Dunes.

In 1981, the Department began charging fees for park entrance
and use. This revenue goes into the Parks and Recreation fund in support
of operations and minor maintenance. Further revenues accrue from sales
at concessions, user fees, non-profit support groups, and other grants.

The Good Sam organization, boaters, snowmobilers, trail machine
associations, key Legislators, and many other interested individuals mounted
a campaign in 1988 that resulted in the Legislature providing an increase
in the percent of gas tax attributable to off-road motor vehicles and boats.
The Legislature also stipulated that one-half of the recreational vehicle
license fee should go to the Idaho Department of Parks and Recreation to
support RV needs. In later years the law was changed to give IDPR all of
the recreational vehicle license fee. That money is then disbursed in the
form of grants to local, state and federal agencies providing programs and
facilities to RV users.

Recreation

Although the Legislature did not add the word "recreation"
to the Department of Parks until 1972, in the twenty years since then, recreation
programs have grown to the extent that they have provided grants to nearly
every county, community, national forest, and BLM district in the state.

In 1966, the State Park Board was granted the power "to
prepare and maintain a comprehensive plan for the development of outdoor
recreational resources." Three years later, the first comprehensive
plan was adopted through an effort led by Howard Alden, special assistant
to the Governor. "It set a tradition of recreation planning that has
continued through the years and involved a legacy of dedicated staff and
public officials."

Further Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plans (SCORP)
were developed in 1968, 1973, 1977, 1983, and 1989. A few of the significant
recommendations of those years follow:

-1968 SCORP: The Park Board should evaluate and make recommendations
for an Idaho trail system and free flowing (wild) rivers. Roadside rest
areas were considered an integral part of the state recreation program.
-1973 SCORP: Special studies included the ORV Plan, National Wild and Scenic
Rivers Report, Statewide Interpretive Analysis, an Idaho Trails Study, State
Waterways Carrying Capacity Study, and a Lake Shore Development Study.
-1977 SCORP: New recreation facilities were greatly needed in and near urban
areas.
-1983 SCORP: An extensive outreach effort took place in 1981 with 49 public
hearings, which agency facilitators conducted. A total of 736 Idahoans attended.
-1989 SCORP: The Governor's Conference on Recreation (Fall '89), attended
by outdoor recreation professionals, forged a new partnership with those
working in the tourism industry. The 1989 SCORP also included a regional
needs assessment in conjunction with Washington and Oregon, previously initiated
by Robert L. Meinen in 1982.

Chronological Listing of State Park Acquisitions

Heyburn: The first park in the Northwest, was created from
the Coeur d' Alene Indian Reservation by an act of Congress on April 20,
1908. The deed, signed by President William Howard Taft, granted 5,505 acres
of land and 2,333 acres of water. The park was named in honor of Senator
W. B. Heyburn, who was instrumental in the acquisition. Congress objected
to the land becoming a national park, but set it aside for purchase by the
State. In 1911, the Idaho Legislature appropriated $12,000 to buy the park
land from the U. S. Government. Additional property for the park was acquired
by deed in 1938. Heyburn is noted for "the Shadowy St. Joe River."

Mary Minerva McCroskey: The 5,292 acres ranging from 3300
to 4324 feet elevation of the McCroskey State Park were donated to the State
of Idaho in 1955 by Virgil McCroskey as a memorial to his mother. He then
maintained the park trail system until his death in 1970. The park consists
of a 21-mile skyline drive with spectacular views of ever-changing agricultural
patchwork in the valley. Additional acreage was deeded to the state by the
McCroskey family members in 1972. In 1973, 40 acres were acquired by endowment
purchase.

Harriman: Over 10,000 acres of Harriman State Park were conveyed
from Roland E. and W. Averell Harriman in 1977 at no cost to the state,
and not subject to life estates. The Harrimans were reluctant to complete
the transaction until Idaho had a professional park service to manage the
park, a condition that helped Governor Smylie create the Idaho Parks Department
in 1965. In 1982, the park opened to the public. The park is home to two-thirds
of all trumpeter swans who winter in the lower 48 states. It is managed
as a natural and historical site.

Bruneau Dunes: Purchased under the Recreation and Public Purposes
Act (May, 1967), Bruneau Dunes offers the visitor the largest single-structured
sand dune in the North America, rising to a height of 470 feet. Geologists
believe the dunes may have started with sands from the Bonneville Flood
about 15,000 years ago. Additional land was acquired by the Department in
1980 and in 1984, bringing the total acreage to 4800.

Lucky Peak: Near Lucky Peak Dam, 10 miles southeast of Boise
on Highway 21, Lucky Peak State Park consists of three main areas: Discovery,
Sandy Point, and Spring Shores. An agreement with the U. S. Army Corps of
Engineers (1956) led to the park's development. The Idaho Department of
Parks and Recreation leased Sandy Point and Spring Shores from the Corps
in 1967, but owns Discovery outright as a result of a deed from Leston and
Lee Brooks in 1935.

Massacre Rocks: Lining the shoreline of the Snake River west
of American Falls, Massacre Rocks was acquired using Recreation and Public
Purposes funds in 1967, and by a Memorandum of Understanding with the Idaho
Transportation Department, since Massacre Rocks was originally a roadside
rest area managed by the Highway Department. It also boasts Oregon Trail
history. A satellite area known as Register Rock bears the axle grease signatures
of those early Oregon Trail immigrants.

Three Island Crossing: This park was acquired by deed from
the city of Glenns Ferry to IDPR in 1968 to preserve the point where the
Oregon Trail crossed the Snake River in the 1840s. It was formally opened
to the public in 1971. Additional property was acquired through the Recreation
and Public Purposes Act in 1968.

Bear Lake: On the shore of Bear Lake south of Montpelier,
Bear Lake State Park offers sandy beaches, camping, and boating. The land
for the park was purchased in 1969 through the Recreation and Public Purposes
Act. The North Beach Unit was leased from Utah Power and Light, also in
1969. Bear Lake appears as a spectacular blue jewel, its unique color created
by the suspended calcium carbonate (limestone) in the water.

Winchester Lake: This 418-acre park encompasses most of Winchester
Lake. The Fish and Game Department acquired the lake and the property surrounding
it, and by a Memorandum of Understanding transferred the administration
of most of the area to IDPR in 1969. The park is a favorite of anglers and
campers who seek out its quiet family atmosphere.

Malad Gorge: Near Hagerman, Malad Gorge was the scene of stops
by mule-skinners and freight wagons along a route West before 1879. About
650 acres were purchased in 1970 and the park officially opened in 1979.
An additional 200 acres were purchased through the Recreation and Public
Purposes program in 1975. The park is unique because of the vast gorge cut
by the Malad River on its way to the Snake.

Mowry: Mowry State Park received its first 136 acres on Lake
Coeur d'Alene through a gift to the State by Virginia Mowry in 1972. The
State has since purchased additional land to bring the total acreage to
328. This property boasts spectacular views of the lake and offers a unique
campground and picnic area accessible only by boat.

Veterans Memorial: In the heart of Boise, Veterans Memorial
was acquired through three sources: 36 acres transferred from the State
Land Board in 1969, a 12 acre gift, deeded in May 1972, from Boise Cascade;
and a further addition of 38 acre acquired from the Idaho Park Foundation
in 1977. It is the site of the first Veterans Home built in the West. The
park is currently operated by the City of Boise.

Hells Gate: Hells Gate State Park lies at the gateway to Hells
Canyon. The U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, having built lower Granite Dam
across the Snake River, developed the park as mitigation for the dam. The
state leased 960 acres for use as a park from the Corps in 1973. The park
is the "jumping off place" for thousands of visitors to the canyon.

Round Lake: The Idaho Department of Lands owned the original
160-acre quarter-section, which included 58-acre Round Lake. In 1955, the
Department of Lands purchased another 40 acres. After the Department of
Parks and Recreation was formed in 1965, it took control of the park. An
endowment sale formally transferred the property to IDPR in 1973.

Priest Lake: Once part of the Priest Lake State Forest administered
by the Department of Lands, the area was transferred to IDPR in 1973. The
Dickensheet unit was donated to the state by a locally prominent rancher.
The Squaw Bay unit was acquired from the Nature Conservancy in 1986.

Farragut: Opened in 1942 as a Naval Training Station, in just
15 months, 300,000 sailors received their basic training while stationed
at this unique site. It was de-commissioned in 1946. The State acquired
the 4,000-acre base through the use of endowment funds in 1973. Five additional
acres were acquired in 1991 by deed.

Ponderosa: Ponderosa State Park has a history beginning in
1905, when the Boise Columbian Club sponsored a bill to protect the wooded
peninsula on Payette Lake. In 1907 the Idaho Legislature directed the Land
Board to set aside specified parcels on the southern shore as a public park.
The more than 1300 acres of Ponderosa are part of the endowment lands acquired
by IDPR in 1973.

City of Rocks National Reserve: The City of Rocks with natural
spires and domes rising to 600 to 700 feet covers 14,000 acres in Cassia
County. Since the 1920s and '30s, those who knew the remote area worked
to save it and finally, in 1987, it was placed on the National Register
of Historic Places. In 1988, the area became a National Historic Reserve.
IDPR acquired a portion of the City of Rocks core property in 1973 by purchase
from endowment funds. City of Rocks is cooperatively managed with the National
Park Service.

Henrys Lake: Acquired by IDPR in 1973 by means of an endowment
fund purchase, Henry's Lake State Park is named after Maj. Andrew Henry,
who was sent by the Missouri Fur Company to explore the area in 1810.

Old Mission: Old Mission State Park offers the visitor an
excellent picture of Idaho history, particularly that associated with the
Roman Catholic Jesuits who came to Idaho in 1840 and built the historic
Mission of the Sacred Heart, oldest building in Idaho. Old Mission was designated
a National Historic Landmark in 1961, and in 1975 became Old Mission State
Park through a long-term lease with the Roman Catholic Diocese of Boise.

Eagle Island: In March of 1977 the Department of Correction
turned over 546 acres of land previously used for the Eagle Island Prison
Farm to the Idaho Department of Lands. In response to a poll concerning
disposition of the land in the local newspaper, a year later the Land Board
voted to set aside the property to be managed as Eagle Island State Park.

Dworshak: Governor Cecil Andrus dedicated Dworshak State Park
in 1989. In so doing the state took over administration of two facilities
built by the Army Corps of Engineers, Freeman Creek (a 101 unit campground)
and Three Meadows Group Camp with eight sleeping cabins and a group hall
capable of feeding 100. The facilities border 53-mile-long Dworshak Reservoir.

Land of the Yankee Fork: Located in scenic central Idaho,
Land of the Yankee Fork involves an innovative partnership with the United
States Forest Service. IDPR manages the Yankee Fork Interpretive Center
and provides interpretive services on other land in the area managed by
the Forest Service. The Idaho Department of Parks and Recreation acquired
20 acres in the area through two deeds in 1990 in honor of Idaho's Centennial.
This 20-acre site is the home of the Land of the Yankee Fork Interpretive
Center.

Niagara Springs: The department assumed management responsibility
for Niagara Springs State park through a series of management agreements
with the Idaho Department of Fish and Game beginning in 1976. The 572 acre
area was originally managed as a satellite unit of Malad Gorge State park
and was given separate status by the Park and Recreation Board in 1994.

Ashton-Tetonia Rail Trail: Using a federal highway administration
grant, the department has purchased a 31 mile abandoned railway running
from Ashton to Tetonia. As the trail is developed, bicyclists, snowmobilers,
and other enthusiasts will be able to enjoy the beautiful scenery of the
western side of the Teton Mountains. The legislature appropriated operational
funds for the trail in 1995. The trail is currently closed to the public
during construction.

Glade Creek: The site of Lewis and Clark's first camp in Idaho,
Glade Creek is in the process of being acquired by the State of Idaho from
Plum Creek Timber Company, with the help of the Idaho Heritage Trust. Agreements
were signed for the eventual transfer by Idaho Governor Phil Batt in 1998.
In the interim period, IHT and IDPR are working with the Clearwater Forest
on a management plan for the site. Because the Glade Creek Camp has been
largely untouched since the time of Lewis and Clark, plans call for keeping
it in that state as much as possible.

Cascade: In 1999 the Idaho Legislature authorized the Idaho
Park Board to enter into an agreement with the Bureau of Reclamation for
the operation of facilities at Cascade Reservoir, which became known as
Cascade Lake State Park.

Lake Walcott: In 1999 the Idaho Legislature authorized the
Idaho Park Board to enter into an agreement with the Bureau of Reclamation
for the operation of facilities at Lake Walcott, which became known as Lake
Walcott State Park.

Box Canyon: This important natural area in Idaho's Thousand
Springs Complex became a state park in December, 1999. It is managed jointly
with the Nature Conservancy pending the eventual completion of purchase
by the State of Idaho. In order to protect the site and because of safety
concerns, it will remain closed to the public until on-site management can
begin.