Mandates establishment of: (1) an operation safeguards and response evaluation program to assess periodically the ability of each sensitive nuclear facility to defend against the design basis threat; and (2) an emergency response program to evaluate emergency response personnel ability to respond to a radiological emergency within a 50-mile radius of a sensitive nuclear facility.

Amends the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 to direct the Commission to ensure sufficient stockpiles of potassium iodide tablets to provide adequate protection to the affected population within a 50-mile radius of a sensitive nuclear facility.