Oceans play a major role in the hydrological cycle, moderate the climate and act as the primary sink for carbon dioxide. The complex bathymetry of ocean beds, with long mountain ranges, mounds, volcanic craters and marine sediments, have been revealed by deep sea exploration.

The oceans that constitute nearly three-fourth of the surface of the earth are critical to the earth’s ecosystem and play a dominant role in moderating climate. They provide food and more significantly a major part of the oxygen that we breathe. The origin of life itself can be traced to the oceans. In fact, this maybe the reason why the chemistry of the human blood is similar to sea water (Theberge, 2007). The oceans provide easy and commercially viable navigational...