In Qatar if you are a labourer or from Asia most will try to keep your passport if you are in a lower tiered position. You will also need an exit permit from your employer to leave the country and no outstanding traffic fines.

In some companies, you may be issued a multiple exit visa for a price (you pay for it - single exit permits cost the employer 10 Rial at last glance so they save money as a multiple exit costs about 500 Rial).

Other companies will not allow a multiple exit pass under any circumstances, and if the person responsible for granting the exit pass is not available even under exigent circumstances, you will probably be out of luck until they are available.