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An Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) is a new requirement for foreign nationals from visa-exempt countries arriving in Canada by air, whether to visit the country directly or to pass through in transit.

Quebec’s birthrate has fallen to an all-time low with 1.6 children born for every woman in the province in 2015.

With the population also getting older, immigration as a tool to offset these demographic changes is being questioned by some critics who claim that Quebec’s cultural identity is being harmed.

The Liberal provincial government is keen to increase immigration levels to 60,000 a year from the current level of 50,000, but is waiting for the right time to make this change.

The Liberals had to backtrack on their proposal to increase immigrant numbers due to the negative response it received in the province. This is indicative of the sensitivity that exists on the topic of immigration in Quebec.

Quebec facts

Population:

8.215 million (July 2014)

Capital:

Quebec City

Largest city:

Montreal

Languages:

French only 51.8%

English only 4.7%

English and French 51.8%

Neither English nor French 1.0%

Unemployment:

7.5%

Average wage:

$21 per hour

Nickname:

La Belle Province

Motto:

‘Je me souviens’ (‘I remember’)

Figures: Statistics Canada and BMO Capital Markets

Some say that to reverse the aging population trend, far greater numbers than 50,000 or 60,000 a year are required.

Others argue that 50,000 new immigrants a year is already having an impact on the province’s unique cultural identity.

Historically, immigration in Quebec focused heavily on a French language requirement in order to maintain the balance of the society. But the result of this was not an influx of immigrants from Europe, but from French Africa, who brought with them a vastly different culture and found difficulties integrating into society.

Now there is an acceptance that language alone is not an indicator of an ability to adapt to Quebec culture.

Then there is the imbalance that exists between the city of Montreal where most immigrants settle and the province of Quebec as a whole.

Statistic Canada projects a third of the population of Montreal will be made up of visible minority groups by 2031. The proportion will be no more than five per cent for the rest of Quebec.

This points to a growing cultural gap between the city and the province.

The Province of Quebec administers its own immigration programs with selection criteria that are distinct and more predictable from those of federal and other provincial immigration programs.

They must be selected by Immigration, Diversité et Inclusion, Quebec’s immigration authority. Selected applicants will receive a Quebec Certificat de Sélection (CSQ).

An approved CSQ holder must file an application with Canadian federal immigration authorities. The federal government’s role in evaluating a Quebec application for permanent residence is mainly limited to issues of health and criminality.

Better awareness from managers and the appointment of a specific person to help improve communication between immigrants and senior staff are also recommendations of the study.

Meanwhile, immigrants should be regularly seeking feedback to find out where they are going wrong, while also taking their own steps to improve language and consider obtaining a Canadian degree.

The report suggests that while the willingness exists to hire immigrants, businesses require guidance on how to integrate them once they arrive.

“By better equipping immigrant workers and employers, we can ensure that immigrant and non-immigrant workers are on a level playing field,” the report concludes.

The report adds: “Integration has to be everyone’s concern. Avenues for solutions that come out of this study – which, we should remember, is the result of a widespread consultation conducted with employers in Greater Montréal, immigrant executives, companies that hire immigrants and the team of experts for the Board of Trade’s Interconnection program – are intended for the city’s employers and immigrant workers.”

Employers were asked what they though the main obstacles were to immigrants getting management jobs in Montreal.

Some 22 per cent said a limited command of French was the chief reason, while limited English, cultural barriers and unrecognized education also featured highly.

But 84 per cent of employers gave a positive response when asked if they were willing to hire immigrants.

“Attracting, integrating and retaining immigrants professionally are one of the Greater Montréal business community’s top priorities,” said Michel Leblanc, President and CEO of the Board of Trade of Metropolitan Montreal.

“Immigration is a source of labour that is essential to the development of businesses and our collective wealth. We are facing weak growth in the active population and, like many countries with demographic challenges; we have to leverage talent from immigration. And since 87 per cent of Québec’s immigrant population is concentrated in our region, this is where the challenge of successful integration is most keenly felt.”

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