How this formula works

The SUMIF function takes three arguments: range, criteria, and sum_range. In this case, we are using:

Range: $B$4:$B$11 - This is the set of cells to which the criteria (a color from column F in this case) will be applied. This is an absolute reference that won't change when the formula is copied down.

Criteria: F5 - a relative address that will changed when copied down. This reference simply picks up the criteria from the adjacent cell in column F.

Sum_range: $D$4:$D$11 - This is the set of cells being summed by SUMIF, when the supplied criteria is TRUE. This is an absolute reference that won't change when the formula is copied down.