William Rankine

Studied scientific subjects at the University of Edinburgh. During his apprenticeship in Ireland he developed a method of setting out circular curves, since known as Rankine's method. Returned to Scotland where he worked on surveys, harbours and railroads. In 1848 started a series of researches on molecular physics and in particular thermodynamics. Wrote over 150 papers and four great textbooks including Manual of Applied Mechanics and Manual of Civil Engineering. Elected FRS in 1853. First president of the Institute of Engineers in Scotland from 1857.