GSAS/EXPGUI Alumina tutorial (part 6)
Plotting the Initial Fit

While Chi-squared and R-values provide some measure of how a fit is
progressing, the only way to actually understand the quality of the
fit and what problems need to be corrected, is to look at agreement between
the observed diffraction data and the corresponding values computed
from the fit. This is sometimes called a Rietveld plot.

The GSAS program POWPLOT and the EXPGUI program LIVEPLOT allow the
fit to be examined graphically. In this tutorial step, LIVEPLOT is used
to examine the results.

Press the LIVEPLOT button on the button bar (or use a menu command) to
start LIVEPLOT. You should then see a plot like the one below.

In this plot, the data are "X" characters, the calculated values are
a red line. The fitted background is shown as a green line. Offset below,
the observed pattern minus the computed pattern is shown in blue.
The observed and computed values do not agree very well, but seem to follow
the same trends. In the subsequent plots we will see in more detail what
some of the discrepancies are.

Note that the size of the plot can be changed by changing the size of the
window.

It will help to see the actual positions of the reflections. This display
can be turned on by pressing the "1" key (1 for phase 1, 2 for phase 2...)
in the LIVEPLOT window. (This can also be done using the Tickmarks
submenu in the File menu.)

Note that the color, length, style, placement of the tick mark lines can be
changed in the Options menu.

Note also that the reflection indices for a tick mark can be
displayed by pressing the "h" key when the cursor is positioned
over a tick mark.

With all the data displayed, at appears that the tick marks are in the
right places at lower angles, but are not well placed at 140 degrees and
higher. It would be good to see the plot at high magnification to see more
detail, however. "Zooming in" is accomplished by clicking the mouse in the
lower left and upper right corners of the region to be viewed
(lower right & upper left also works). A box is displayed, as below, after the
first mouse click. After the second the plot is redrawn.

Note with the plot zoomed in, it can now be seen that
the lattice parameters do not index the peak 42 degrees very well.
The computed peak widths agree reasonably well with the observed.

The fit is even worse at high angle.
Also, the computed peak widths are much narrower than the observed.