Introduction. Violence against women, in its various forms, is an important social and public health problem in different communities around the world. Although violence against women is against the inalienable human right and resulted in physical, sexual, and psychological harm or suffering to women, little has been documented regarding its factors and distribution among youth population such as university students. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess factors associated with sexual coercion among female students at Madawalabu University. Methods. This was a cross-sectional institution based study conducted on 411 female students which were selected by systematic random sampling from the list of female students. Data were collected in April 2012 using structured-interview administered questionnaire. Descriptive, binary, and multivariable logistic regression analysis were carried out using SPSS version 16. Result. In this study, the mean ±SD age at first sex was 18.19 +1.83 years. Lifetime and coercion in last twelve months were 163 41.1% and 101 25.4%, respectively. Twenty-one 5.9% of the respondents were raped. Being influenced-forced into unwanted sexual act 74 18.6% and having their genitalia-breast unwillingly touched 44 11.1% were reported as the commonest mechanisms of coercion. Age at first sex 17–19 years AOR = 0.241, 95% CI: 0.074, 0.765 and occasional alcohol use AOR = 4.161, 95% CI: 1.386, 12.658 were significantly associated with coercion in the last twelve months. Conclusion. The overall lifetime sexual coercion was found to be 41.1%. In this study 6.8% of female students were raped and majority have had trial of rape. But 93.75% did not report to any legal body. With the existing prevalence and identified factors, the university should work towards minimizing the risk of sexual coercion through intensifying life skill peer education and assertiveness trainings.