Main outcome measures: Cases consisted of patients who had received either ≥ 3 U packed RBCs, ≥ 3 U platelets, ≥ 3 U fresh frozen plasma, or any cryoprecipitate within 72 h after undergoing a CABG procedure, or who had undergone surgical revision for bleeding. All other CABG surgery patients served as control subjects.

Results: In multivariate models that controlled for a wide variety of demographic and clinical characteristics, we found that, compared to patients who did not receive any HES during surgery, those who received 1 U intraoperative HES had more than twice the risk of a bleeding outcome (odds ratio [OR], 2.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10 to 4.91), and those who received 2 or 3 U HES had more than four times the risk of postoperative bleeding (OR, 4.57; 95% CI, 1.74 to 12.00).

Conclusions: HES use in patients undergoing CABG surgery may be associated with a significant risk of postoperative bleeding. A double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial will be necessary to confirm this finding.

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