Overview

Dwarfism is a condition that is characterized by short stature, usually resulting in an adult height of 4'10" or shorter.[1][2] Dwarfism can and most often does occur in families where both parents are of average height.[3] It can be caused by any one of more than 300 conditions, most of which are genetic. The most common type, accounting for 70% of all cases of short stature, is called achondroplasia.[3] Other genetic conditions, kidney disease and problems with metabolism or hormones can also cause short stature. Dwarfism itself is not a disease; however, there is a greater risk of some health problems. With proper medical care, most people with dwarfism have active lives and a normal life expectancy.[4]