IPv6 Working Group John Loughney (ed)
Internet-Draft Nokia
August 23, 2004
Expires: February 22, 2005
IPv6 Node Requirements
draft-ietf-ipv6-node-requirements-11.txt
Status of this Memo
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patent or other IPR claims of which I am aware have been disclosed,
and any of which I become aware will be disclosed, in accordance
with RFC 3668.
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Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). All Rights Reserved.
Abstract
This document defines requirements for IPv6 nodes. It is expected
that IPv6 will be deployed in a wide range of devices and
situations. Specifying the requirements for IPv6 nodes allows IPv6
to function well and interoperate in a large number of situations
and deployments.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Requirement Language
1.2 Scope of this Document
1.3 Description of IPv6 Nodes
2. Abbreviations Used in This Document
3. Sub-IP Layer
3.1 Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ethernet Networks - RFC2464
3.2 IP version 6 over PPP - RFC2472
3.3 IPv6 over ATM Networks - RFC2492
4. IP Layer
4.1 Internet Protocol Version 6 - RFC2460
4.2 Neighbor Discovery for IPv6 - RFC2461
4.3 Path MTU Discovery & Packet Size
4.4 ICMP for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) - RFC2463
4.5 Addressing
4.6 Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) for IPv6 - RFC2710
5. DNS and DHCP
5.1 DNS
5.2 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)
6. IPv4 Support and Transition
6.1 Transition Mechanisms
7. Mobility
8. Security
8.1 Basic Architecture
8.2 Security Protocols
8.3 Transforms and Algorithms
8.4 Key Management Methods
9. Router Functionality
9.1 General
10. Network Management
10.1 MIBs
11. Security Considerations
12. References
12.1 Normative
12.2 Non-Normative
13. Authors and Acknowledgements
14. Editor's Address
Notices
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1. Introduction
The goal of this document is to define the common functionality
required from both IPv6 hosts and routers. Many IPv6 nodes will
implement optional or additional features, but this document
summarizes requirements from other published Standards Track
documents in one place.
This document tries to avoid discussion of protocol details, and
references RFCs for this purpose. This document is informational in
nature and does not update Standards Track RFCs.
Although the document points to different specifications, it should
be noted that in most cases, the granularity of requirements are
smaller than a single specification, as many specifications define
multiple, independent pieces, some of which may not be mandatory.
As it is not always possible for an implementer to know the exact
usage of IPv6 in a node, an overriding requirement for IPv6 nodes is
that they should adhere to Jon Postel's Robustness Principle:
Be conservative in what you do, be liberal in what you accept
from others [RFC-793].
1.1 Requirement Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in
this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC-
2119].
1.2 Scope of this Document
IPv6 covers many specifications. It is intended that IPv6 will be
deployed in many different situations and environments. Therefore,
it is important to develop the requirements for IPv6 nodes, in order
to ensure interoperability.
This document assumes that all IPv6 nodes meet the minimum
requirements specified here.
1.3 Description of IPv6 Nodes
From Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification [RFC-2460] we
have the following definitions:
Description of an IPv6 Node
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- a device that implements IPv6
Description of an IPv6 router
- a node that forwards IPv6 packets not explicitly addressed to
itself.
Description of an IPv6 Host
- any node that is not a router.
2. Abbreviations Used in This Document
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
AH Authentication Header
DAD Duplicate Address Detection
ESP Encapsulating Security Payload
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
IKE Internet Key Exchange
MIB Management Information Base
MLD Multicast Listener Discovery
MTU Maximum Transfer Unit
NA Neighbor Advertisement
NBMA Non-Broadcast Multiple Access
ND Neighbor Discovery
NS Neighbor Solicitation
NUD Neighbor Unreachability Detection
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit
SVC Switched Virtual Circuit
3. Sub-IP Layer
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An IPv6 node must include support for one or more IPv6 link-layer
specifications. Which link-layer specifications are included will
depend upon what link-layers are supported by the hardware available
on the system. It is possible for a conformant IPv6 node to support
IPv6 on some of its interfaces and not on others.
As IPv6 is run over new layer 2 technologies, it is expected that
new specifications will be issued. This section highlights some
major layer 2 technologies and is not intended to be complete.
3.1 Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ethernet Networks - RFC2464
Nodes supporting IPv6 over Ethernet interfaces MUST implement
Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ethernet Networks [RFC-2464].
3.2 IP version 6 over PPP - RFC2472
Nodes supporting IPv6 over PPP MUST implement IPv6 over PPP [RFC-
2472].
3.3 IPv6 over ATM Networks - RFC2492
Nodes supporting IPv6 over ATM Networks MUST implement IPv6 over ATM
Networks [RFC-2492]. Additionally, RFC 2492 states:
A minimally conforming IPv6/ATM driver SHALL support the PVC mode
of operation. An IPv6/ATM driver that supports the full SVC mode
SHALL also support PVC mode of operation.
4. IP Layer
4.1 Internet Protocol Version 6 - RFC2460
The Internet Protocol Version 6 is specified in [RFC-2460]. This
specification MUST be supported.
Unrecognized options in Hop-by-Hop Options or Destination Options
extensions MUST be processed as described in RFC 2460.
The node MUST follow the packet transmission rules in RFC 2460.
Nodes MUST always be able to send, receive and process fragment
headers. All conformant IPv6 implementations MUST be capable of
sending and receving IPv6 packets; forwarding functionality MAY be
supported
RFC 2460 specifies extension headers and the processing for these
headers.
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A full implementation of IPv6 includes implementation of the
following extension headers: Hop-by-Hop Options, Routing (Type
0), Fragment, Destination Options, Authentication and
Encapsulating Security Payload. [RFC-2460]
An IPv6 node MUST be able to process these headers. It should be
noted that there is some discussion about the use of Routing Headers
and possible security threats [IPv6-RH] caused by them.
4.2 Neighbor Discovery for IPv6 - RFC2461
Neighbor Discovery SHOULD be supported. RFC 2461 states:
"Unless specified otherwise (in a document that covers operating
IP over a particular link type) this document applies to all link
types. However, because ND uses link-layer multicast for some of
its services, it is possible that on some link types (e.g., NBMA
links) alternative protocols or mechanisms to implement those
services will be specified (in the appropriate document covering
the operation of IP over a particular link type). The services
described in this document that are not directly dependent on
multicast, such as Redirects, Next-hop determination, Neighbor
Unreachability Detection, etc., are expected to be provided as
specified in this document. The details of how one uses ND on
NBMA links is an area for further study."
Some detailed analysis of Neighbor Discovery follows:
Router Discovery is how hosts locate routers that reside on an
attached link. Router Discovery MUST be supported for
implementations.
Prefix Discovery is how hosts discover the set of address prefixes
that define which destinations are on-link for an attached link.
Prefix discovery MUST be supported for implementations. Neighbor
Unreachability Detection (NUD) MUST be supported for all paths
between hosts and neighboring nodes. It is not required for paths
between routers. However, when a node receives a unicast Neighbor
Solicitation (NS) message (that may be a NUD's NS), the node MUST
respond to it (i.e. send a unicast Neighbor Advertisement).
Duplicate Address Detection MUST be supported on all links
supporting link-layer multicast (RFC2462 section 5.4 specifies DAD
MUST take place on all unicast addresses).
A host implementation MUST support sending Router Solicitations.
Receiving and processing Router Advertisements MUST be supported for
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host implementations. The ability to understand specific Router
Advertisement options is dependent on supporting the specification
where the RA is specified.
Sending and Receiving Neighbor Solicitation (NS) and Neighbor
Advertisement (NA) MUST be supported. NS and NA messages are
required for Duplicate Address Detection (DAD).
Redirect functionality SHOULD be supported. If the node is a router,
Redirect functionality MUST be supported.
4.3 Path MTU Discovery & Packet Size
4.3.1 Path MTU Discovery - RFC1981
Path MTU Discovery [RFC-1981] SHOULD be supported, though minimal
implementations MAY choose to not support it and avoid large
packets. The rules in RFC 2460 MUST be followed for packet
fragmentation and reassembly.
4.3.2 IPv6 Jumbograms - RFC2675
IPv6 Jumbograms [RFC-2675] MAY be supported.
4.4 ICMP for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) - RFC2463
ICMPv6 [RFC-2463] MUST be supported.
Addressing
4.5.1 IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture - RFC3513
The IPv6 Addressing Architecture [RFC-3513] MUST be supported as
updated by [DEP-SL].
4.5.2 IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration - RFC2462
IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration is defined in [RFC-2462].
This specification MUST be supported for nodes that are hosts.
Static address can be supported as well.
Nodes that are routers MUST be able to generate link local addresses
as described in RFC 2462 [RFC-2462].
From 2462:
The autoconfiguration process specified in this document applies
only to hosts and not routers. Since host autoconfiguration uses
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information advertised by routers, routers will need to be
configured by some other means. However, it is expected that
routers will generate link-local addresses using the mechanism
described in this document. In addition, routers are expected to
successfully pass the Duplicate Address Detection procedure
described in this document on all addresses prior to assigning
them to an interface.
Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) MUST be supported.
4.5.3 Privacy Extensions for Address Configuration in IPv6 - RFC3041
Privacy Extensions for Stateless Address Autoconfiguration [RFC-
3041] SHOULD be supported. It is recommended that this behavior be
configurable on a connection basis within each application when
available. It is noted that a number of applications do not work
with addresses generated with this method, while other applications
work quite well with them.
4.5.4 Default Address Selection for IPv6 - RFC3484
The rules specified in the Default Address Selection for IPv6 [RFC-
3484] document MUST be implemented. It is expected that IPv6 nodes
will need to deal with multiple addresses.
4.5.5 Stateful Address Autoconfiguration
Stateful Address Autoconfiguration MAY be supported. DHCPv6 [RFC-
3315] is the standard stateful address configuration protocol; see
section 5.3 for DHCPv6 support.
Nodes which do not support Stateful Address Autoconfiguration may be
unable to obtain any IPv6 addresses aside from link-local addresses
when it receives a router advertisement with the 'M' flag (Managed
address configuration) set and which contains no prefixes advertised
for Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (see section 4.5.2).
Additionally, such nodes will be unable to obtain other
configuration information such as the addresses of DNS servers when
it is connected to a link over which the node receives a router
advertisement in which the 'O' flag ("Other stateful configuration")
is set.
4.6 Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) for IPv6 - RFC2710
Nodes that need to join multicast groups SHOULD implement MLDv2
[MLDv2]. However, if the node has applications, which only need
support for Any-Source Multicast [RFC3569], the node MAY implement
MLDv1 [MLDv1] instead. If the node has applications, which need
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support for Source-Specific Multicast [RFC3569, SSMARCH], the node
MUST support MLDv2 [MLDv2].
When MLD is used, the rules in "Source Address Selection for the
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Protocol" [RFC-3590] MUST be
followed.
5. DNS and DHCP
5.1 DNS
DNS is described in [RFC-1034], [RFC-1035], [RFC-3152], [RFC-3363]
and [RFC-3596]. Not all nodes will need to resolve names, and those
that will never need to resolve DNS names do not need to implement
resolver functionality. However, the ability to resolve names is a
basic infrastructure capability that applications rely on and
generally needs to be supported. All nodes that need to resolve
names SHOULD implement stub-resolver [RFC-1034] functionality, in
RFC 1034 section 5.3.1 with support for:
- AAAA type Resource Records [RFC-3596];
- reverse addressing in ip6.arpa using PTR records [RFC-3152];
- EDNS0 [RFC-2671] to allow for DNS packet sizes larger than 512
octets.
Those nodes are RECOMMENDED to support DNS security extentions
[DNSSEC-INTRO], [DNSSEC-REC] and [DNSSEC-PROT].
Those nodes are NOT RECOMMENDED to support the experimental A6 and
DNAME Resource Records [RFC-3363].
5.2 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) - RFC3315
5.2.1 Managed Address Configuration
The method by which IPv6 Nodes that use DHCP for address assignment
can obtain IPv6 addresses and other configuration information upon
receipt of a Router Advertisement with the 'M' flag set is described
in section 5.5.3 of RFC 2462.
In addition, in the absence of a router, those IPv6 Nodes that use
DHCP for address assignment MUST initiate DHCP to obtain IPv6
addresses and other configuration information, as described in
section 5.5.2 of RFC 2462. Those IPv6 nodes that do not use DHCP
for address assignment can ignore the 'M' flag in Router
Advertisements.
5.2.2 Other Configuration Information
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The method by which IPv6 Nodes that use DHCP to obtain other
configuration information can obtain other configuration information
upon receipt of a Router Advertisement with the 'O' flag set is
described in section 5.5.3 of RFC 2462.
Those IPv6 Nodes that use DHCP to obtain other configuration
information initiate DHCP for other configuration information upon
receipt of a Router Advertisement with the 'O' flag set, as
described in section 5.5.3 of RFC 2462. Those IPv6 nodes that do
not use DHCP for other configuration information can ignore the 'O'
flag in Router Advertisements.
An IPv6 Node can use the subset of DHCP described in [DHCPv6-SL] to
obtain other configuration information.
5.3.3 Use of Router Advertisements in Managed Environments
Nodes using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6
(DHCPv6) are expected to determine their default router information
and on-link prefix information from received Router Advertisements.
6. IPv4 Support and Transition
IPv6 nodes MAY support IPv4.
6.1 Transition Mechanisms
6.1.1 Transition Mechanisms for IPv6 Hosts and Routers - RFC2893
If an IPv6 node implements dual stack and tunneling, then RFC2893
MUST be supported.
RFC 2893 is currently being updated.
7. Mobile IP
The Mobile IPv6 [MIPv6] specification defines requirements for the
following types of nodes:
- mobile nodes
- correspondent nodes with support for route optimization
- home agents
- all IPv6 routers
Hosts MAY support mobile node functionality described in Section 8.5
of [MIPv6], including support of generic packet tunneling [RFC-2473]
and secure home agent communications [MIPv6-HASEC].
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Hosts SHOULD support route optimization requirements for
correspondent nodes described in Section 8.2 of [MIPv6].
Routers SHOULD support the generic mobility-related requirements for
all IPv6 routers described in Section 8.3 of [MIPv6]. Routers MAY
support the home agent functionality described in Section 8.4 of
[MIPv6], including support of [RFC-2473] and [MIPv6-HASEC].
8. Security
This section describes the specification of IPsec for the IPv6 node.
8.1 Basic Architecture
Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol [RFC-2401] MUST be
supported. RFC-2401 is being updated by the IPsec Working Group.
8.2 Security Protocols
ESP [RFC-2406] MUST be supported. AH [RFC-2402] MUST be supported.
RFC-2406 and RFC 2402 are being updated by the IPsec Working Group.
8.3 Transforms and Algorithms
Current IPsec RFCs specify the support of transforms and algorithms
for use with AH and ESP: NULL encryption, DES-CBC, HMAC-SHA-1-96,
and HMAC-MD5-96. However, "Cryptographic Algorithm Implementation
Requirements For ESP And AH" [CRYPTREQ] contains the current set of
mandatory to implement algorithms for ESP and AH. It also specifies
algorithms that should be implemented because they are likely to be
promoted to mandatory at some future time. IPv6 nodes SHOULD
conform to the requirements in [CRYPTREQ] as well as the
requirements specified below.
Since ESP encryption and authentication are both optional, support
for the NULL encryption algorithm [RFC-2410] and the NULL
authentication algorithm [RFC-2406] MUST be provided to maintain
consistency with the way these services are negotiated. However,
while authentication and encryption can each be NULL, they MUST NOT
both be NULL. The NULL encryption algorithm is also useful for
debugging.
The DES-CBC encryption algorithm [RFC-2405] SHOULD NOT be supported
within ESP. Security issues related to the use of DES are discussed
in [DESDIFF], [DESINT], [DESCRACK]. DES-CBC is still listed as
required by the existing IPsec RFCs, but updates to these RFCs will
be published soon. DES provides 56 bits of protection, which is no
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longer considered sufficient.
The use of HMAC-SHA-1-96 algorithm [RFC-2404] within AH and ESP MUST
be supported. The use of HMAC-MD5-96 algorithm [RFC-2403] within AH
and ESP MAY also be supported.
The 3DES-CBC encryption algorithm [RFC-2451] does not suffer from
the same security issues as DES-CBC, and the 3DES-CBC algorithm
within ESP MUST be supported to ensure interoperability.
The AES-128-CBC algorithm [RFC-3602] MUST also be supported within
ESP. AES-128 is expected to be a widely available, secure, and
efficient algorithm. While AES-128-CBC is not required by the
current IPsec RFCs, it is expected to become required in the future.
8.4 Key Management Methods
An implementation MUST support the manual configuration of the
security key and SPI. The SPI configuration is needed in order to
delineate between multiple keys.
Key management SHOULD be supported. Examples of key management
systems include IKEv1 [RFC-2407] [RFC-2408] [RFC-2409], IKEv2
[IKEv2] and Kerberos; S/MIME and TLS include key management
functions.
Where key refresh, anti-replay features of AH and ESP, or on-demand
creation of Security Associations (SAs) is required, automated
keying MUST be supported.
Key management methods for multicast traffic are also being worked
on by the MSEC WG.
9. Router-Specific Functionality
This section defines general host considerations for IPv6 nodes that
act as routers. Currently, this section does not discuss routing-
specific requirements.
9.1 General
9.1.1 IPv6 Router Alert Option - RFC2711
The IPv6 Router Alert Option [RFC-2711] is an optional IPv6 Hop-by-
Hop Header that is used in conjunction with some protocols (e.g.,
RSVP [RFC-2205], or MLD [RFC-2710]). The Router Alert option will
need to be implemented whenever protocols that mandate its usage are
implemented. See Section 4.6.
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9.1.2 Neighbor Discovery for IPv6 - RFC2461
Sending Router Advertisements and processing Router Solicitation
MUST be supported.
10. Network Management
Network Management MAY be supported by IPv6 nodes. However, for
IPv6 nodes that are embedded devices, network management may be the
only possibility to control these nodes.
10.1 Management Information Base Modules (MIBs)
The following two MIBs SHOULD be supported by nodes that support an
SNMP agent.
10.1.1 IP Forwarding Table MIB
IP Forwarding Table MIB [RFC-2096BIS] SHOULD be supported by nodes
that support an SNMP agent.
10.1.2 Management Information Base for the Internet Protocol (IP)
IP MIB [RFC-2011BIS] SHOULD be supported by nodes that support an
SNMP agent.
11. Security Considerations
This draft does not affect the security of the Internet, but
implementations of IPv6 are expected to support a minimum set of
security features to ensure security on the Internet. "IP Security
Document Roadmap" [RFC-2411] is important for everyone to read.
The security considerations in RFC2460 describe the following:
The security features of IPv6 are described in the Security
Architecture for the Internet Protocol [RFC-2401].
12. References
12.1 Normative
[CRYPTREQ] D. Eastlake 3rd, "Cryptographic Algorithm Implementa-
tion Requirements For ESP And AH", draft-ietf-ipsec-
esp-ah-algorithms-01.txt, January 2004.
[IKEv2ALGO] J. Schiller, "Cryptographic Algorithms for use in the
Internet Key Exchange Version 2", draft-ietf-ipsec-
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ikev2-algorithms-05.txt, Work in Progress.
[MIPv6] J. Arkko, D. Johnson and C. Perkins, "Mobility Sup-
port in IPv6", draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-24.txt, Work
in progress.
[MIPv6-HASEC] J. Arkko, V. Devarapalli and F. Dupont, "Using IPsec
to Protect Mobile IPv6 Signaling between Mobile Nodes
and Home Agents", draft-ietf-mobileip-mipv6-ha-
ipsec-06.txt, Work in Progress.
[MLDv2] Vida, R. et al., "Multicast Listener Discovery Ver-
sion 2 (MLDv2) for IPv6", draft-vida-mld-v2-08.txt,
Work in Progress.
[RFC-1035] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and
specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, November 1987.
[RFC-1981] McCann, J., Mogul, J. and Deering, S., "Path MTU
Discovery for IP version 6", RFC 1981, August 1996.
[RFC-2096BIS] Haberman, B. and Wasserman, M., "IP Forwarding Table
MIB", draft-ietf-ipv6-rfc2096-update-07.txt, Work in
Progress.
[RFC-2011BIS] Routhier, S (ed), "Management Information Base for
the Internet Protocol (IP)", draft-ietf-ipv6-
rfc2011-update-09.txt, Work in progress.
[RFC-2104] Krawczyk, K., Bellare, M., and Canetti, R., "HMAC:
Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication", RFC 2104,
February 1997.
[RFC-2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC-2401] Kent, S. and Atkinson, R., "Security Architecture for
the Internet Protocol", RFC 2401, November 1998.
[RFC-2402] Kent, S. and Atkinson, R., "IP Authentication
Header", RFC 2402, November 1998.
[RFC-2403] Madson, C., and Glenn, R., "The Use of HMAC-MD5
within ESP and AH", RFC 2403, November 1998.
[RFC-2404] Madson, C., and Glenn, R., "The Use of HMAC-SHA-1
within ESP and AH", RFC 2404, November 1998.
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[RFC-2405] Madson, C. and Doraswamy, N., "The ESP DES-CBC Cipher
Algorithm With Explicit IV", RFC 2405, November 1998.
[RFC-2406] Kent, S. and Atkinson, R., "IP Encapsulating Security
Protocol (ESP)", RFC 2406, November 1998.
[RFC-2407] Piper, D., "The Internet IP Security Domain of
Interpretation for ISAKMP", RFC 2407, November 1998.
[RFC-2408] Maughan, D., Schertler, M., Schneider, M., and
Turner, J., "Internet Security Association and Key
Management Protocol (ISAKMP)", RFC 2408, November
1998.
[RFC-2409] Harkins, D., and Carrel, D., "The Internet Key
Exchange (IKE)", RFC 2409, November 1998.
[RFC-2410] Glenn, R. and Kent, S., "The NULL Encryption Algo-
rithm and Its Use With IPsec", RFC 2410, November
1998.
[RFC-2451] Pereira, R. and Adams, R., "The ESP CBC-Mode Cipher
Algorithms", RFC 2451, November 1998.
[RFC-2460] Deering, S. and Hinden, R., "Internet Protocol, Ver-
sion 6 (IPv6) Specification", RFC 2460, December
1998.
[RFC-2461] Narten, T., Nordmark, E. and Simpson, W., "Neighbor
Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 2461,
December 1998.
[RFC-2462] Thomson, S. and Narten, T., "IPv6 Stateless Address
Autoconfiguration", RFC 2462.
[RFC-2463] Conta, A. and Deering, S., "ICMP for the Internet
Protocol Version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 2463, December 1998.
[RFC-2472] Haskin, D. and Allen, E., "IP version 6 over PPP",
RFC 2472, December 1998.
[RFC-2473] Conta, A. and Deering, S., "Generic Packet Tunneling
in IPv6 Specification", RFC 2473, December 1998. Xxx
add
[RFC-2671] Vixie, P., "Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0)",
RFC 2671, August 1999.
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[RFC-2710] Deering, S., Fenner, W. and Haberman, B., "Multicast
Listener Discovery (MLD) for IPv6", RFC 2710, October
1999.
[RFC-2711] Partridge, C. and Jackson, A., "IPv6 Router Alert
Option", RFC 2711, October 1999.
[RFC-3041] Narten, T. and Draves, R., "Privacy Extensions for
Stateless Address Autoconfiguration in IPv6", RFC
3041, January 2001.
[RFC-3152] Bush, R., "Delegation of IP6.ARPA", RFC 3152, August
2001.
[RFC-3315] Bound, J. et al., "Dynamic Host Configuration Proto-
col for IPv6 (DHCPv6)", RFC 3315, July 2003.
[RFC-3363] Bush, R., et al., "Representing Internet Protocol
version 6 (IPv6) Addresses in the Domain Name System
(DNS)", RFC 3363, August 2002.
[RFC-3484] Draves, R., "Default Address Selection for IPv6", RFC
3484, February 2003.
[RFC-3513] Hinden, R. and Deering, S. "IP Version 6 Addressing
Architecture", RFC 3513, April 2003.
[RFC-3590] Haberman, B., "Source Address Selection for the Mul-
ticast Listener Discovery (MLD) Protocol", RFC 3590,
September 2003.
[RFC-3596] Thomson, S., et al., "DNS Extensions to support IP
version 6", RFC 3596, October 2003.
[RFC-3602] S. Frankel, "The AES-CBC Cipher Algorithm and Its Use
with IPsec", RFC 3602, September 2003.
[DEP-SL] C. Huitema, B. Carpenter, "Deprecating Site Local
Addresses", draft-ietf-ipv6-deprecate-site-local-
03.txt, Work in Progress.
12.2 Non-Normative
[ANYCAST] Hagino, J and Ettikan K., "An Analysis of IPv6 Anycast",
draft-ietf-ipngwg-ipv6-anycast-analysis-02.txt, Work in
Progress.
[DESDIFF] Biham, E., Shamir, A., "Differential Cryptanalysis of
Loughney (editor) August 23, 2004 [Page 16]
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DES-like cryptosystems", Journal of Cryptology Vol 4,
Jan 1991.
[DESCRACK] Cracking DES, O'Reilly & Associates, Sebastapol, CA
2000.
[DESINT] Bellovin, S., "An Issue With DES-CBC When Used Without
Strong Integrity", Proceedings of the 32nd IETF,
Danvers, MA, April 1995.
[DHCPv6-SL] R. Droms, "A Guide to Implementing Stateless DHCPv6 Ser-
vice", RFC 3736, April 2004.
[DNSSEC-INTRO] Arends, R., Austein, R., Larson, M., Massey, D. and
Rose, S., "DNS Security Introduction and Requirements"
draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-intro-10.txt, Work in Progress.
[DNSSEC-REC] Arends, R., Austein, R., Larson, M., Massey, D. and
Rose, S., "Resource Records for the DNS Security Exten-
sions", draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-records-08.txt, Work in
Progress.
[DNSSEC-PROT] Arends, R., Austein, R., Larson, M., Massey, D. and
Rose, S., "Protocol Modifications for the DNS Security
Extensions", draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-protocol-06.txt,
Work in Progress.
[IKE2] Kaufman, C. (ed), "Internet Key Exchange (IKEv2) Proto-
col", draft-ietf-ipsec-ikev2-13.txt, Work in Progress.
[IPv6-RH] P. Savola, "Security of IPv6 Routing Header and Home
Address Options", draft-savola-ipv6-rh-ha-security-
03.txt, Work in Progress.
[MC-THREAT] Ballardie A. and Crowcroft, J.; Multicast-Specific Secu-
rity Threats and Counter-Measures; In Proceedings "Sym-
posium on Network and Distributed System Security",
February 1995, pp.2-16.
[RFC-793] Postel, J., "Transmission Control Protocol", RFC 793,
August 1980.
[RFC-1034] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - concepts and facili-
ties", RFC 1034, November 1987.
[RFC-2205] Braden, B. (ed.), Zhang, L., Berson, S., Herzog, S. and
S. Jamin, "Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP)", RFC
2205, September 1997.
Loughney (editor) August 23, 2004 [Page 17]
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[RFC-2464] Crawford, M., "Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ether-
net Networks", RFC 2462, December 1998.
[RFC-2492] G. Armitage, M. Jork, P. Schulter, G. Harter, IPv6 over
ATM Networks", RFC 2492, January 1999.
[RFC-2675] Borman, D., Deering, S. and Hinden, B., "IPv6 Jumbo-
grams", RFC 2675, August 1999.
[RFC-2851] M. Daniele, B. Haberman, S. Routhier, J. Schoenwaelder,
"Textual Conventions for Internet Network Addresses",
RFC 2851, June 2000.
[RFC-2893] Gilligan, R. and Nordmark, E., "Transition Mechanisms
for IPv6 Hosts and Routers", RFC 2893, August 2000.
[RFC-3569] S. Bhattacharyya, Ed., "An Overview of Source-Specific
Multicast (SSM)", RFC 3569, July 2003.
[SSM-ARCH] H. Holbrook, B. Cain, "Source-Specific Multicast for
IP", draft-ietf-ssm-arch-04.txt, Work in Progress.
13. Authors and Acknowledgements
This document was written by the IPv6 Node Requirements design team:
Jari Arkko
[jari.arkko@ericsson.com]
Marc Blanchet
[marc.blanchet@viagenie.qc.ca]
Samita Chakrabarti
[samita.chakrabarti@eng.sun.com]
Alain Durand
[alain.durand@sun.com]
Gerard Gastaud
[gerard.gastaud@alcatel.fr]
Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino
[itojun@iijlab.net]
Atsushi Inoue
[inoue@isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp]
Masahiro Ishiyama
Loughney (editor) August 23, 2004 [Page 18]
Internet-Draft
[masahiro@isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp]
John Loughney
[john.loughney@nokia.com]
Rajiv Raghunarayan
[raraghun@cisco.com]
Shoichi Sakane
[shouichi.sakane@jp.yokogawa.com]
Dave Thaler
[dthaler@windows.microsoft.com]
Juha Wiljakka
[juha.wiljakka@Nokia.com]
The authors would like to thank Ran Atkinson, Jim Bound, Brian Car-
penter, Ralph Droms, Christian Huitema, Adam Machalek, Thomas Nar-
ten, Juha Ollila and Pekka Savola for their comments.
14. Editor's Contact Information
Comments or questions regarding this document should be sent to the
IPv6 Working Group mailing list (ipv6@ietf.org) or to:
John Loughney
Nokia Research Center
Itamerenkatu 11-13
00180 Helsinki
Finland
Phone: +358 50 483 6242
Email: John.Loughney@Nokia.com
Notices
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in this document or the extent to which any license under such
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Information on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC docu-
ments can be found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an
Loughney (editor) August 23, 2004 [Page 19]
Internet-Draft
attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use
of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this specifi-
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The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
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rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement
this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at ietf-
ipr@ietf.org.
Acknowledgement
Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
Internet Society.
Loughney (editor) August 23, 2004 [Page 20]