Pressures of climate change and stricter carbon emissions regulations are pushing automakers to make more hybrid and electric vehicles, along with better conventional engines and even fuel cell powertrains.

The development of self-driving cars could fundamentally change the industry, and concepts like the Toyota FV2 look nothing like the cars we have today.

But things change slowly in an industry that needs about seven years to go from the first sketch of a car to its arrival on the market, that has been dominated by a single technology — the internal combustion engine — for nearly a century, and that is governed by countless regulations that differ from one country to the next.