International research effort collaborates with University of Michigan to shape future Great Lakes policies

The Great Lakes Futures project is an inaugural effort that makes use of 18 universities and the time of 29 master’s and doctorate students to develop policy recommendations for the next 50 years, and to better guide the application of federal grants to restoration projects.

It’s also serving as a training ground for the next generation of Great Lakes experts, connecting young students with the field’s research leaders.

The U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Mackinaw breaks ice in Lake Superior this 2007 photo. The University of Michigan is collaborating with research institutions in the U.S. and Canada to form policy recommendations to protect the future of the Great Lakes.

AP File Photo

Not only do the Great Lakes — Huron, Ontario,Michigan, Erie and Superior — contain one-fifth of the world’s freshwater supply, they’re also a vital part of the region’s economy.

Marking the midpoint of the project’s yearlong process, 75 post-graduate students, researchers, advocates and policymakers convened Wednesday at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor to generate a consensus on the biggest future challenges facing the Great Lakes.

For U-M, the effort is a part of its greater commitment to research and study of the Great Lakes. The university invested $4.5 million of its money, matching a $4.5 million, three-year grant from the Erb Family Foundation, to create the U-M Water Center in October.

Twenty-nine graduate students, including two from U-M, were chosen from a field of applicants to participate. During the past five months, the students collaborated with their research partners in other states and across the northern border to project a range of outcomes that could face the Great Lakes in the future.

Don Scavia

Courtesy U-M

The research they’ve done is part of a lengthy, involved process to create policy recommendations based on what those involved in the project view as the most outcomes for the Great Lakes in the next 50 years.

The students are analyzing the region's economy, geopolitics and governance, demographics and societal values, energy resources, aquatic invasive species, water quality, biological and chemical contaminants, as well as the effects of climate change on the lakes.

Don Scavia, director of U-M’s Graham Environmental Sustainability Institute, said U-M broadly solicited to its colleagues to contribute funding to the process, and only some were able to financially contribute to the project.

“That didn’t influence the student selection,” Scavia said.

Eighteen research universities — including U-M — as well as three research organizations each contributed between $10,000 and $20,000, giving the Great Lakes Futures project about $200,000.

Collected funds go towards paying for the time of the post-graduate students that did the work, Scavia said.

Part of the uniqueness of the project is the interaction and feedback the students get on their work from regional research bodies and representatives of governmental organizations, as occurred Wednesday at the workshop U-M hosted in Ann Arbor.

This graphic compiled by U-M researchers, published in December in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, is the comprehensive map to date of stressors in the Great Lakes.

Courtesy U-M

In a room filled with researchers interested in the Great Lakes, some who had been studying the region for their entire lengthy careers, and others that were just beginning in the field, hours of collaborative conversations went by in making recommendations to the students’ work.

The interaction between the students, members of interest groups and representatives from policy bodies is extremely “uncommon,” Scavia said.

Students traveled to Ann Arbor for the conference on their own dime to contribute to the project, which they’ve been working on remotely with students from other universities — some of which are in other countries — on top of their regular coursework and thesis projects.

Lana Pollack, chairwoman of the U.S. section of the International Joint Commission, was among those that gave the students involved in the project feedback Wednesday at the forum.

The IJC assists the U.S. and Canadian governments in finding solutions to issues in waterways that touch both countries.

Pollack said she was impressed by the quality of the students’ work.

“It’s an impressive group of students and gives me hope for the future,” Pollack said.

For Pollack, the jury is still out as to how the Great Lakes Futures project will impact policy decisions.

“I think this is an invaluable component, but it’s only one component. It does try and get people to look forward; it’s easier to keep our focus on what we have today rather on where we’re going and how we get there,” Pollack said.

Also present at the Wednesday forum was Cameron Davis, senior adviser to Lisa Jackson, administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

“What I really like is the long-term thinking,” Davis said.

It’s too early to tell how the project’s findings will impact policy decisions at the national level, Davis said.

The project is planned to submit final policy recommendations to groups including the Canadian and U.S. governments, states, provinces, Native American groups, Great Lakes cities, industry organizations, businesses and to the IJC in September.

Motivations

A major driving factor to the Great Lakes Futures project are the federalGreat Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) grants that have poured $1 billion into projects in Great Lakes states in the past three years — the single largest restoration program to date.

The GLRI program was an early product of President Barack Obama’s administration that was developed in 2009 and had its first round of funding — $475 million — available to municipalities in 2010. Since then, the amount of available grant dollars has decreased to $300 million for both 2011 and 2012.

Much of the allocation of GLRI dollars in the first phase has been to “fix past sins,” Scavia said.

With the second phase of GLRI funding, Scavia said he hopes the kinds of projects funded can be more forward-thinking, larger-scale, more proactive projects that will help the Great Lakes — which is where Scavia said the project’s policy recommendations will come into play.

U-M's Water Center

The Great Lakes Futures project is a way for U-M to kick off its renewed interest in Great Lakes research, U-M's Scavia says.

“With our new Water Center and our new focus on the Great Lakes, we wanted to really use this as a jumping off for us,” Scavia said of the project. "This is important to the University of Michigan: the Great Lakes region is really important and we want to contribute to the future.”

The project is an example of the kinds of things U-M’s new Water Center will be able to accomplish in the future, said Jen Read, deputy director for the center.

Jen Read

Courtesy U-M

Evaluating the work done with GLRI money is a large part of the work the Water Center is seeking to accomplish, in addition to researching restoration, Read said.

Currently, the Water Center has a director, deputy director, three senior scientists and several part-time staff members. The program is seeking eight post-doctorate fellows, some of which specifically will be dedicated to the Water Center.

The Water Center is an opportunity to bring in younger researchers to the campus and to the field of Great Lakes research, Read said.

U-M formerly had many Great Lakes researchers on its Ann Arbor campus, but eventually those researchers moved on to other pursuits, Read said.

Read said the future of the Great Lakes region depends on the quality of the scientists being trained now, especially when it comes to staying competitive with other regions like Puget Sound, the Chesapeake Bay and the Everglades.

Comments

Kellie Woodhouse

Thu, Jan 10, 2013 : 4:53 p.m.

It's very cool that they're involving students in this. Thanks for covering, Amy.

Amy Biolchini

Thu, Jan 10, 2013 : 3:16 p.m.

It's worth noting that this is the only time this group will be meeting at the University of Michigan -- the next planned workshops will be convened at the other universities that are leading the project. Witnessing the collaborative effort between students, policymakers and longtime researchers -- though some of it was way over my head -- was fascinating.
If there's any interest in the other organizations that contributed financially to the project, let me know and I can post their names here.

a2roots

Fri, Jan 11, 2013 : 12:17 a.m.

Sorry Amy but you need to do some research. These collaborative efforts have been going on for years regarding the Great Lakes. This is just a new one with some twists.

Amy Biolchini

Thu, Jan 10, 2013 : 4:13 p.m.

a2roots, in no way was this article an attempt to discredit the hard work by numerous Great Lakes research institutions. The partnerships, collaborations and interactions in this international effort are a new approach, and I wanted to highlight that. At the event yesterday, there were representatives from the following organizations outside of research universities:
The U.S. EPA, Council of Great Lakes Governors, National Wildlife Foundation, Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Cities Initiative, Erb Family Foundation, Alliance for the Great Lakes, NOAA Great Lakes Environment, Council of Great Lakes Industries, International Joint Commission, USGS-Midwest Region, Great Lakes Fishery Commission, The Joyce Foundation, Great Lakes Environmental, Environment Canada and the Great Lakes Commission.

a2roots

Thu, Jan 10, 2013 : 3:44 p.m.

How about some coverage of organizations that have been fighting the battle for the Great Lakes for decades. NOAA's Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory located in Ann Arbor has been a leader in Great Lakes research for over 30 years. Your report makes it appear that this type of work is done only by the UM and no other organizations exist.

Sue

Thu, Jan 10, 2013 : 1:46 p.m.

Thank you for the great coverage. Look at our poor lakes. I can only dream that this kind of attention will give us some hope for the future of these incredible bodies of water.