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“The boys always had a new colt to ‘break’ each spring. Your grandfather (William Perry Palmer) kept some brood mares, so there was several new colts each spring. They picked the ones they wanted to ride. Ezra (about age 11, same age as Cora) had a mule he broke to ride, and he sure thought a lot of that mule. He rode her to church and wherever he went. When each boy was 19, he selected the horse he wanted for his own, as your grandfather gave them a horse or mare–whichever they chose — a new saddle and bridle. They started out for themselves. Their most famous brood mare was Old Doll. She raised 22 colts. Your dad (Charley) had one of her colts named Bird. She was such a rouge — would jump any fence she could get her head over. Old Doll’s tenth colt was the one I rode the most. ‘Ten’ was a real pretty bay color, always fat and slick, and a real stepper. Sunday mornings, your grandad would say, ‘boys, one of you saddle Ten for Cora to ride.’ Ezra would make some smart comment on our way to Sunday School about me getting Ten to ride while he rode a mule.

“While I made my home with them, I attended Conley School. My first teacher was a Mr. Ernest Brown, a very nice man and a good teacher. We had about 80 pupils enrolled, but not a very good daily attendance. There was a lot of McGee’s, Gaither’s, Irwin’s, Gates, and a lot of Palmer’s, as your grandparents were both Palmer’s, but no relation as your grandad’s folks came to Missouri from Kentucky and grandma’s from Virginia.

“The next year my teacher was Mr. Ben Goslin, a good and kind gentleman. I always liked to attend school but didn’t get to go as much as I wanted to — partly because I married so young and because my folks just didn’t send me as part of the time I lived too far away from school. I liked reading and spelling best of all, but liked history of all kinds, and I still like to read. I don’t have very much education, but I have read a great deal over the years . . . have tried to train my memory to get the most out of anything I have read.

“Your uncles never liked to attend school — would find all sort of excuses to stay home. Once, Rufus (about age 14) tried to burn the school house down by taking some matches from home and asking to be excused during ‘books.’ He crawled under the school house and tried to start a fire — used all his matches, but it didn’t ‘go.’ He didn’t try that again as someone told on him, and he had to take a spanking from the teacher and his father.” . . . Charley and Edney had more education than any of the boys. They liked school and tried to learn. Your dad always liked math and took writing lessons, too — ald also singing and music lessons.

Aunt Mary, as I was taught to call her (Mary Palmer Palmer), was a wonderful person. Though she could not read or write, she wanted their children to have an education and be good, honest, upright citizens.”

Cora is age 11 living with the Palmer’s in May 1895.
“In the fall, we would make sorghum molasses, as they always raised a patch of cane. Then they made apple butter with the sorghum — also pumpkin butter, using the sorghum instead of sugar. They were very thrifty and tried to produce as much of their food as they could, sell the surplus, and buy what they could not produce — such as sugar. coffee, salt, soda, baking powder, rice, etc. For their cereal, they ground wheat in the coffee mill, which is very good cooked like rolled oats, only it takes longer to cook.

In the spring, they made maple syrup as they had a ‘sugar orchard’ — they were called then — of about 100 trees. They sold the syrup at $1.00 per gallon, and they also made maple sugar and sold it for 50 cents per pound. They kept about 20 gallons of the syrup to use themselves and everyone really ‘sopped’ up the biscuits in the ‘lasses,’ as they called it. I would bake about 40 biscuits for breakfast, as we only had the syrup at that meal.

For his large family, your grandfather (William Perry Palmer) would buy flour by the barrel, also sugar. They bought green coffee by the 50 pound bag. Your grandmother (Mary Palmer) would roast it in the ove — in big pans — it would have to be stirred often during the roasting time. She would then pour the white of an egg over the hot browned coffee berries, stirring ’til it was coated all over with the egg white. Then it was cooled and stored in jars ready for use — they would grind just enough for each meal.

They always had their corn ground for the cornbread. Your grandfather would select the big ears of white corn (for no one here in Boone county grew anything but white corn). The boys would shell it–by hand, of course–about a bushel at a time. Then one of the boys would take the sack of corn on a horse to Gallup’s Mill, just east of Hinton on Rocky Fork Creek. It was powered at first by a water wheel, but later it was run by a steam engine. In later years, they had a grist mill at Brown’s Station on the Wabsh Railroad which was powered by steam”

Picture of William Perry and Mary Palmer family was taken about two years before Cora McCauley arrived. Charley is at the back on the right; one son has married and is not pictured. Woman beside Charley is unknown.

“I never had to work hard. Whenever Saturday afternoons came, I was to bake about four pies and to cook a big pan of rice for the Sunday dinner. We always had lots of company for meals, and (they would) spend the nights too. They had so many relatives who came for Sunday dinner or came Saturday night. Sometimes entire families came. But your grandmother always fixed the other meals, except the cornbread. I would make it in a little wooden bowl with 2 eggs, 3 cups of buttermilk, and enough cornmeal to make a rather thin batter. Then poured it in a large black iron pan, greased and piping hot. When done, cut out in squares. We didn’t have white bread for dinner.

“We visited a lot and went to church and Sunday School. I had a horse to ride to church. ‘Course I went in the spring wagon with the family when they went, but they didn’t attend Sunday School.

“We lived about two and one-half miles from school, so we rode most of the time, especially when it was muddy. When it was nice weather, we walked and cut through the fields, as it was nearer that way.

“We did not have a big house, but we would always find a place for everyone who came to stay. We had a spare bed in the “parlor,” one in the hall, a trundle bed in the living room which stowed away under your grandparents bed. Tony, Claude, and Shannon slept in the trundle bed — a little narrow sofa bed in the dining room and two big beds in the boy’s bedroom. My room was upstairs with the stairway up out of the living room, which was your grandparent’s bedroom.

In the winter all the cousins would come at night to play tiddley winks, authors, dominoes, etc. as we did not know what playing cards were. If one of the boys had brought playing cards home, or even played with ’em somewhere, your grandparents would have been horrified and wouldn’t have put up with it at all. They were a nice well-mannered bunch of boys, always obedient, and I never saw your grandparents whip but one, and that was Rufus. He ‘talked back’ to your grandfather, which for him was just too bad. I look back now and wonder how they managed everything so well. They were taught to be honest and truthful.”

“Well,I did wonder about them some, naturally I would. They were good to me in every way. But the first morning was rather hard, for I was told to get up and fix breakfast for them (Cora was 11).

“Aunt Mary, as I was taught to call her, told me how she wanted everything fixed:
slice the bacon,
make biscuits and use 3 cups of milk for them,
make coffee, and
skim the milk.

“There was no coffee, ready-ground, sold at the grocery store in those days. So, she showed me where everything was and (how) to measure the coffee. After I had ground it in the coffee mill and measured the water also, when I had it about ready, she came into the kitchen and we carried it to the dining room.

“There were seven boys at home then. Two were married and had homes of their own. I cannot remember if I burned the biscuits or how anything tasted, but for several days I was a homesick little girl as I had never been left with so many strangers before. So I had several “weepy” nights. But they were all good to me, and I soon fitted in. They always treated me as one of the family.

“Here are the boys names: Edney, who was the oldest and married . . . Robert, who was also married. Charlie, (Cora spelled his name ‘Charley’ some times), who later became your father. He was 18. Then Rufus (14), Ezra (11), Billie (10), Claude (8), Tony (5), and Shannon (3).

“They were a good-natured group, but as I was not used to a family of boys, they were very noisy. But your grandfather and grandmother had them under control at all times. He would say “boys! boys! and they would quiet down right now. Sometimes they would get noisy and ‘rassel’ about the floor. Uncle Will, as I was taught to call him, would always send them to the wood pile to bring in some wood for the fireplace.”