The Church of England's first female bishop has declared her surprise at being appointed to the role.

This is unexpected and very exciting. On this historic day as the Church of England announces the first woman nominated to be Bishop, I am very conscious of all those who have gone before me, women and men, who for decades have looked forward to this moment. But most of all I am thankful to God.

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The approval of women bishops is a "momentous day" for the church, the Archbishop of York, Dr. John Sentamu, said.

Women bishops could be appointed by the end of the year after members of the Church's governing body voted in favour of the plans.

Dr John Sentamu arriving at York University for the vote. Credit: PA Wire

"This is a momentous day. Generations of women have served the Lord faithfully in the Church of England for centuries. It is a moment of joy today: the office of Bishop is open to them," the Archbishop of York, Dr. John Sentamu, said.

"To those who ask "what took you so long?" my answer is that every decision has a cost and there will be those within our body who will be hurting as a result of this decision. Our answer to the hurting should not be "get over it" but rather "we will not let go until you have blessed us."

The Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby earlier said he was "mindful" of those who would find the result "a cause for sorrow".

The Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby said he is "delighted" with the approval of women bishops, but was "mindful" of those who would find the result "a cause for sorrow".

Justin Welby applauds during the vote earlier today. Credit: PA Wire

"Today is the completion of what was begun over 20 years with the ordination of women as priests. I am delighted with today's result. Today marks the start of a great adventure of seeking mutual flourishing while still, in some cases disagreeing," he said.

"As delighted as I am for the outcome of this vote I am also mindful of those within the Church for whom the result will be difficult and a cause of sorrow.

"My aim, and I believe the aim of the whole church, should be to be able to offer a place of welcome and growth for all. Today is a time of blessing and gift from God and thus of generosity. It is not winner take all, but in love a time for the family to move on together."