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The character of John Bull, was a fictional individual, symbolising 'England' or the 'ordinary' English man. Originally appearing in 1712 in pamphlets advocating an end to the war with France, his character became widely known during the nineteenth century, particularly through the publication of cartoons that appeared in magazines like 'Punch'. Music Hall songs were ideal for popularising such imaginary characters. Performers would dress in a union jack waistcoat or clothing similar to William Spalding's illustration, and they would be immediately recognisable.