6- A 100k-byte
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8-The
next generation:"That
rare day a while ago" Michaela C.
Now see her creations at:

The core is molten (liquid). The bulk of the mass of a
spinning liquid tends to be at outer radii, as is routinely encountered in
a centrifuge. We can't produce a proper miniature of a spinning core in gravity
here. It must be done in zero-g conditions. But it is intuitive that a free
mass of spinning liquid will partition into a toroid of a nominal elliptical cross section.
This core shape is clearly seen in
Calabash.

The toroid center cavity will contain material of intermediate
density, a density that is ample to contain relatively concentrated fissionable
material. This is surrounded by the denser toroid material, like the
barrel of a gun (or the double-ended "bazooka")!

Ergo, we set the scene for for understanding the firing
of ejecta from either pole on the toroid centerline, now visible at either
side of Calabash.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

Astronomers
of old called them "planets" because
they looked like planets when viewed with earth bound telescopes. Recently,
higher resolution telescopes showed them to be distant nebulae; results of
stars in their later life stages, cooling, and loosing much of their gassy
exterior. A magnetic field of the core caused by orbiting ions restrains
the jet to move only out of the poles. These jets send particles into that
gas causing the gas to glow and to also move out with increased velocity.
There can also be an unseen companion that drags material away from the dying
star, causing spiral/ring effects. Black holes are not necessarily involved.
Theories as to the true nature of these strangely shaped nebulae are still
being developed.
Ultraviolet images in 1978 showed that dying stars continue
to blow winds long after they eject their outer gaseous layers. Then, from
1994 onward, startling detailed images by the orbiting Hubble telescope emerged.
Private discussions about them circulated in the astronomy world, but not
much was said publicly as these images completely upset previous theories
on the disposition of stars. See

Good reproductions of the Calabash, the Ant nebula and
other nebula images were published in the July, 2004 Scientific American (some of these facts
and images are copied from that article). I came across the 0828 image by
accident a few years ago "somewhere on the internet".
Our present ignorance about how these nebula work is
often obscured by journalistic babble. E.g.: "New information ultimately
upends the best of theories. Progress is often disruptive. It clears out
old niches and prepares the way for big (and often disorientating ) leaps
forward" (babble continues).
One characteristic evident of these hour-glass shaped
nebulae is that the are magnetically controlled. The nature and origin of
such magnetic fields have not been discussed in public as far as I can tell.
So I will venture an explanation:

Up to the present
such a star has been fusing hydrogen into nuclei of larger atomic number
(Z) along with the accompanying neutrons to make nuclei of atomic weights
(W) ever greater. The main star body has been so hot that electrons no longer
associate with the proton/neutron nuclei, so the nuclei bundle together as
gravity may attract them to one another while their positive charge has also
established a stable standoff distance. Thermal agitation adds some standoff
distance, on the average.
Fusion has advanced far past the atomic number of iron
Z=26, W=55, which we know on earth to divide exothermic fusions from the
exothermic FISSION of heavy atoms. There is so much extra energy, pressure
and density in the star interior, that it has become the natatorium for heavy
elements in my opinion. It is even likely that nuclei have been fused that
are beyond the highest Z (Neptunium, 93/237) that we know to exist
on our cool earth. Such higher Z nuclei are formed and decay with some equilibrium
and concentration, and likely have congregated near the center of a large
core.
. Mid-life: First,
it is presumed that this sun-like star is now in a later stage of its life.
Previously, it enjoyed the above mentioned sun like life, being relatively
large in diameter and engaged in hydrogen gathering and hydrogen fusion for
some time. But of late it is becoming starved of hydrogen on its journey
through space. It has not encountered a fresh bounty of drifting hydrogen
fuel. So it decays, using up whatever hydrogen it previously stored. Or it
might be in a late cookie monster stage where it ate too much, got too big,
and can no longer satisfy its appetite for hydrogen cookies.
This aging star will have some rotational angular momentum,
as nothing is ever so still as to not possess any. The heavier nuclei gravitate
to the aging star's center in proportion to their atomic weight W; the heaviest
toward the core's center. At that moment, this is not important. Some
shells or strata of various radii may develop according to some preferred
groupings of similar nuclei.Mid-life Crisis: Having
the misfortune in its journey through space to not recently encounter some
drifting clouds of fresh hydrogen, this star begins to cool. In so cooling,
it shrinks in diameter as lower temperatures all around justify a smaller
radius. Soon, the rotational rate (spin) increases. The outer
spinning lamina shells will most certainly contain an excess of electrons.
Such a rotating shell of charges will evolve a magnetic field aligned along
the average axis of spin. Sub shells or spheres might develop where the angular
momentum was too small to homogenize or consolidate, so that a multipole
star mass will develop. But we will just concentrate on a one-body dipole-like
spin model,Death Throes:
As cooling progresses, the star's overall radius shrinks, the spin
rate of those lamina, especially the core, that have shrunken increases dramatically
just as exhibition ice skaters demonstrate by drawing in their arms. The
charged lamina, likely gasses heavily charge with electrons that long ago
were stripped from their nucleus, comprise a strong circulating current that
creates a strong magnetic field with poles on the spin axis.
At the same time many high Z nuclei, really unstable isotopes,
will come to prominence as core density increases. Now it does matter that
the Highest Z nuclei are concentrated near the core center++; as they are the least stable
of the lot and most prone to fission. As the core also cools, it's
greater pressure and density cause the high Z nuclei to be compressed ever
closer together, tending toward a critical mass Eventually, this core
goes into a soft critical condition where profuse and perhaps prolonged fission
occurs. The product nucleons are charged; each fission propels charged particles
having various velocities. The spun magnetic field is strong enough to constrain
their average journey to be only along the magnetic field lines; along either
direction of the the spin axis. Though launched in random directions, the
final velocity of these launched and positively charged nucleons is only
along the spin axis, in either direction.Calabash Lives: Thus,
the planetary nebulae Calabash evolves; Calabash lives! The expelled particle
jet encounters the low pressure of free space, expansion as a gas cloud occurs
as in the jet of a rocket, into a parabola of rotation. Similar jets occur
as we see in either end of this dying star, Calabash. A precursor, faint,
far ahead of the main plume and nearly on the projected spin axis, is seen
a signature of the "trigger" fission explosion responsible for generating
this impressive display. And we now know the evolution of the hour glass pattern of planetary nebulae.