Local scour is the erosion of natural bed material around bridge piers by the vortexes action of flowing water. It can result in structural collapse, loss of life and property. Local scour is live-bed if the flow upstream bridge is transporting bed material, otherwise it is clear water. In this paper, the local scour around the piers of al-Hindiya second bridge during the year 2013 was studied. From field surveys at the bridge site it was observed that the cross section area of river upstream bridge is concentrated to the left side as a result of the presence of middle bar. Also there is a scour hole with depth about 4 m around the 4th pier from left bank of the river, while no scour effect was found at the other piers. The field scour depth was compared with depth calculated from the seven empirical equations using bridge geometry, bed materials properties and hydraulic characteristics of the stream flow at approach channel. Laursenꞌs equation was used to find critical velocity of bed materials which showed that there was clear water scour around bridge piers and the scour formula by Sheppard & Melville 2006 had a good agreement with measured scour depth, while other equations were underestimation. Depending on Sheppard and Melville equation a new empirical formula was proposed for al-Hindiya second bridge to predicate the scour depth around the pier corresponding to the hydraulic conditions similar as the study region.

The organization Daash of the most dangerous and biggest armed terrorist organizations in the Arab region and the world at large. And those gaining importance not only through his brutal tactics that fill out the visual media, but expansion of the ideas that fill out the owners of opinion and decision in the neighboring countries. This paper attempts to shed light on the relationship between the book which was released in 2004 under the title "Management of Savagery" operational and approach of the organization above, Abu Bakr Naji - author Ketab- develop an action plan for the Salafist groups fighter, through the control of the areas where they are active , break through the arm of the government and of the army and police, paving the way for their Valenkaah Anhakem and overcome them. The extension of the hands of terrorist groups on the ground requires them, in the second phase, Management of Savagery resulting from the absence of state institutions. Here Nagy puts a full concept and details of the methodology for the mujahideen are doing there, so as to ensure the success of their project, which will go to establish the promised Islamic state. According to our interpretation of the facts on the ground, reportedly between the folds of the book Management of Savagery has been applied rigorously as the Constitution of the organization Daash, in addition to the intellectual foundations fanatical
carried, and that some of them back to decades ago, Nerjaha to the beginnings of the Salafist by Ahmad ibn Hanbal and after school militant, He completed the march after Ibn Taymiyyah His fatwas atonement and outs, then Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, founder of Wahhabism school, which succeeded in putting the ideas of loyalty and disavowal and Nullifiers Islam and the demolition of the graves came into effect because of his alliance with Ibn Saud. Other paved thought baseband era began at the hands of the wealthy Osama bin Laden and al-Zawahiri, his companion, and other men of the era of the Afghan jihad against the Soviets. And where was the pairing between thought and arms in a gesture to support the Gulf states with money and men, and with the blessing of the United States itself, to establish such camps to train militants to fight. After the US occupation of Iraq and the overthrow of his regime, infiltrated the Salafist armed groups of the country under the pretext of fighting the occupier, to expand there and meet my thought popular among the people. It is the characters of that era, Abu Musab al-Zarqawi and Abu Anas al-Shami and others, who have occupied the grounds Jihad Ooglua in the blood of Iraqi civilians, despite the fact that al-Zarqawi did not hide his desire to have raised sectarian war between Sunnis and Shiites. Recent era came extreme privilege and high-polarization of the killing and the abolition of the other under the historical names were Astkdamha up to drag all the peoples of the region to the battlefield raging, here emerged thinkers Daash, ye of little AlTafaqah and age, including Abu Hammam archaeological and Abu Hassan Azdi, Abu Ubaidah Shanqeeti, who have integrated their the idea of atonement and loyalty and disavowal and Nullifiers Islam and pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi as the successor to the believers and the duty of obedience, and the only state with a divine legitimacy.

This study was carried out during spring and fall growing seasons of 2013 in Alfayadah district –Alhindiya Kerbala governorate to study the effect of different concentration of SA, two periods of irrigation as well as their interaction on some mineral nutrients content of maize plants. Maize cultivars were Almaha , Buhooth ,Fajer ,Baghdad and Local .Factorial experiment within randomized complete block design ( R.C.B.D) was adopted (5*2*5) for SA, irrigation period and cultivars respectively with three replicates. Means were compared using LSD at 0.05 probability level . The 1st addition of SA was at 4-5 true leaves stage and the 2nd addition was one month after the 1st one (50%of male flowering ), Results revealed that N content was increased by 12.83% and 43.14% at 200 mg/L SA for both seasons respectively. P content was also increased by 52.11% at the same concentration of SA during fall seasons only. K content was increased at 200 and 150 mg/L SA by 16.02% and 11.76% for both seasons respectively. Increasing the intervals of irrigation from 7 to 14 days caused a reduction in N content by 11.01% and , 30.66% P content by 17.07 % and 24.56%, K content during the fall seasons respectively. Maize cultivars showed fluctuations in most studied parameters between spring and fall seasons.However, Almaha cultivar was superior among other cultivars. The interaction between SA & water interval showed a significant increase on most studied parameters concerning vegetative growth , yield & its components& its quantitative parameters.The interaction between SA & cultivars significantily affected the above mentioned parameters.The interaction between three factors.

The study was conducted to investigate the etiology of the bacterium Esherishia coli by culturing, antimicrobial susceptibility test and diagnosing the bacteria that exist in synovial secretion in an infected broiler arthritis. A total of 35 ankle joint discharge were collected from broiler 18-22 days ages suffering from arthritis isolated from broiler chicken at Kerbala governorate, Iraq, through period of four months beginning from December 2014 till the end March 2015, in an attempt to detect the bacterium Esherishia coli. The results showed that out of thirty-five ankle joint samples, there were fourteen bacterium isolates as Esherishia coli. In conclusion, the incidence of some arthritis in broiler chicken contain Esherishia coli that may play important risk in arthritis, Simultaneously, as in the case of the use of antibiotics, Ciprofloxacin has been considered as an effective treatment for Esherishia coli in vitro susceptibility, but no resistant 100% for Amoxcycyline against all Esherishia coli isolates.

The strength of image encryption systems are depending on confusion (change the pixel position ) and diffusion(change the pixel value) and most of researchers separate these operations and perform these in cascading form with different algorithms, so there are some drawbacks in this cryptosystem and may be cryptanalyzed soon. In this paper proposed image encryption system based on chaotic map due to special properties of chaotic theory, such as pseudo-randomness, no periodicity and sensitivity to initial conditions. The two operations confusion-diffusion are processed in same loop based on two dimension chaotic standard map with different secret keys. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme has high security and computationally secure , it withstands different types of attacks such as statistical attack, differential attack and brute force attack and the processing time of encryption is high (0.29 second) which is suitable for mobile communication and real time applications

The present study was conduct to investigate the histological effects of aqueous extract of Artemisia herba alba .seventy five male rats were randomly divided to five groups ( 15 animals per group ) the first group (G1) was received physiological normal salin orally for two months and set as negative control group ,Diabetes was induced in all animals of other four groups by intraperitoneal injection 150 mg / kg of body weight of aloxan ,however the second grops( G2) set as positive control while the third , fourth and fifh groups were received 500 , 1000 and 1500 mg/kg of body weight of aqueous extractof Artemisia herba alba orally after one month of induction diabetes respectively ,Rate were sacrificed and liver ,kidney and heart were dissect out in order to study histological changes.
The results of the study showed that the development of diabetes in male rat caused obtain changes in the liver of infected animals compared with the healthy control group, As observed in multiple regions of the hepatic lobules infiltration of inflammatory cells vaculation in hepatic cells with expansion and irregular sinusiods compared with the negative control group, the
groups that treatment with aqueous extract of Artemisia herba alba showed protective effect of the liver with activation of Kupffers cell
While the development of diabetes in male rat caused changes in the Kidney of infected animals compared with the control group, as shown by the atrophy of the size of the glomerulus with clear expansion in the low bed Bowman also the presence of the protein deposited materials in the renal tubules. aqueous extract of Artemisia herba alba showed protective effect on the Kidney through the reduction of degenerative changes and glomerulus-size close to normal. As also showed the group treatment aqueous extract of Artemisia herba alba dose of 1000,1500 mg / kg changes histology includ atrophy of the size of the glomerulus with the expansion of the Bowman's capsule. The results of the study , showed significant changes in heart tissue of infected animals and the treatment with aqueous extract of Artemisia herba alba plant .

After political change in Iraq 2003, it had been witnessed Circumstances and Complications of the transitional period. A corroding to the law of administration for the state of Iraq for the transitional period (also called the transitional administrative law or TAL), transitional administration has been formed until the formation of national government under permanent constitution for the construction of democratic system of governance. The objective of these stages was reformation of Iraqi state and its institutions depending on the legal basis without malpractices which has founded such as lack of transparency and corruption.
But these stages were accompanied by rise of political and constitutional Problematics led to the inconsistency of legislations and gap between design of public policy and it's enforcement because the weak of law enforcement.

Scientists and engineers are constantly trying to improve the performance of asphalt concrete pavements by the modification of the asphalt binder. Polymer-modified asphalt mixtures have been used for many years to reduce the amount and severity of distress and extend the service life of hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements. The polymers have acceptable effects on asphalt mixes in low and high temperature due to increasing the resistance to fatigue cracking, rutting (permanent deformation) and thermal cracking. The major objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of polymer on the properties of the Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). One asphalt cement grade (40-50) from Al-Daurah refinery, one type of locally available polymer styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) with three various particle sizes. Three sizes are obtained from sieving analysis at sieves (No16 (1mm), No9 (2mm) and No5 (4mm)) have been used with three percentages for each size. These percentages are (1, 2.5 and 4) % for SBS by weight of asphalt cement. Each size of polymer is blended with asphalt cement by wet process of blending times 60 minutes for a suitable range of temperatures at (180ºC). The experimental works showed that all polymer-modified mixtures have (stability, indirect tensile strength and rutting resistance) higher than control asphalt mixtures, in about (50-107) %, (11-32) % and (33-47) %), respectively, dependent on different particle sizes of polymer and polymer concentration under predicted suitable blending time. It can be concluded that the small particle sizes of styrene butadiene styrene (SBS No16) give better properties of pavement. Therefore, the addition of (2.5% SBS No16) to asphalt mixtures showed better improvement on the performance properties of pavement modified with polymer, in which the referred percentage represents the optimum percent of concentration for blending polymer.

Yousif Bin Abi AL-Saaj is considred as one of the most important member in the Turkish military princes . He was one of the diehard fighters in the Abbasid Caliphate`s army .
This research is concentrating on the study of the life of Yousif Bin Abi AL – Saaj and his turn in developing the political and military events during the Abbasid era 11 .
This study manifests that Yousif Bin Abi AL Saaj ruled Armenia , Azerbaijan and some neighbouring areas which were under the nominal sovereignty of the Abbasid Caliphs the death of his brother Mohammad in 901 (A.D) – 288 (A.H) .
He took over the presidency of AL – Saajia in those territories and catch the reigns with an iron hand . thus , he established a semi – independent principality on the Abbasid Caliphate . However , he worked on the promotion of the Islamic Arabic Rule in remote areas and supported the isolated muslims in the north of countries AL – karj and Armenia.
Additionally , this study turns out that the spirit of rebellion and disobedience was the overriding characteristic on his personality .
He made several attempts to revolt and be independent from the Abbasid Caliphate , what helped him was the growing of his military strength , the increasing of money between his hands and the weakness of the caliphate and the deterioration of its political situation in the Centre .
His separatist attempts had a bad effect on the political and economic conditions in Abbasid state .
Finally , in spite of the fact that he was a cunning character and tried to exploite the deterioration of the Abbasid Caliphate conditions and the weakness of the Caliphs in order to achieve his personal legitimate aspiration and ambition , but despite that his last years was filled wars and battles that he fought due to defend the crown of the Caliphate until his killing in (927 A.D – 315 A.H ) by Abi Tahir AL –qirmty in kufa .

For the medical importance of the Carthamus tinctorius L. plant and usage it in wide range to treat different pathological states, so the present study was designed to know the effect of the cold aqueous extract of Carthamus tinctorius L. plant flowers on the body , liver weights and the immune system. The study had been carried out in the animal house of the biology department / Faculty of Education for girls, and was included the follow up (60) Abino rat famales at (12) weeks age of Sprage -Dawley breed, were divided into four equal groups, the first was a control group injected with the physiological normal saline (0.9 %) , while the other three groups were injected with 45, 90 and 130 mg / kg concentrations of cold aqueous extract of the plant flowers.The following findings were obtained: a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the body , liver weights and the percentage of neutrophils of treated rats femals with the concentration of 130 mg / kg of cold aqueous extract of the Carthamus tinctorius L. plant flowers when compared with the control group and with two concentrations(45, 90 mg / kg) which did not any notice significant differences between them ,in upon the results were revealed a significant increase (p<0.05)in the the total count of white blood cells at the rat groups which treated with the concentrations(90,130) mg / kg when compared with the control group,so there signifticant differences were showed between the three groups that treated with the plant extract.Also the results pointed to a significant increment (p<0.05) in the total protein and globulin concentrations in the serum and the percentage of lymphocytes in the blood when injection with
the concentration(130 mg /kg) of the extract as compared with the control group as while as with the other concentrations(45, 90 mg /kg) which had not showed any signifticant differences.In related with the albumin concentraction in the serum,it had not revealed a significant difference (p >0.05) when compared the three concentrtions of extract with the control group and with each other.

Arsenic is one of the toxic heavy metal when presented in a high level over it allowable limit. To detoxify this heavy metal a chelators were used as in a chelation therapy. This work studies the complexation of some chelators (EDTA, penicillamine, genistein and qurecetin) with As III ion. A spectrophotometric techniques were applied in water and water-ethanol mixture as a solvent, at four different temperature. A shift in it max and decrease in absorbance indicating the complex formation. The stoichiometry of these complexes were determined by a method of the continuous variation (Job's) method, it was found that As-EDTA were (2:1), As-gensitein and As-quercetin (1:1), and As-penicillamine (1:2). These chelator's have a high tendency to complex with As III ion which were reflected by its high values of their equilibrium constants. Thermodynamic parameters indicate a spontaneous interaction (negative free energy change Go), and the enthalpy changr for As-gensitein complex were positive and the other three complexes have negative Ho which depends on type of the interaction and the structures of the complexes. The kinetic calculations shows a second order interaction.

This study aims to find out the side effects of the abuse of combined oral contraceptives COCS in women province of AL- Najaf through the study of their impact on changes in the weights of women who take the pill as well as its effect on systolic blood pressure readings of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure diastolic addition to studying some of the changes to levels .
In this study, 100 women who are abusing the pill oral vehicle and divided into two groups depending on the age group, the first group included 50 women aged) 30 -34) , and the second group 50 women aged (35-40) .
The results of these study showed no significant rise (p ≥0.05) in the body mass index BMI between the first and second test values, as well as, a significant increase (p <0.05) in diastolic blood pressure DBP readings while the study created a significant increase(p <0.05) slightly at a level of probability (p <0.05) in pressure readings SBP systolic blood while the study recorded a significant increase (p <0.05) in the percentage hemoglobin blood in the cases of SBP, DBP, and this indicates clearly to the negative effects of the abuse of ladies combined oral contraceptives and enriched their health.

The effect of ultraviolet radiation UV on the eggs and larvae of the lesser grain borer beetle Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.). It is used in this study length wave 312 nm of ultraviolet radiation(UV) and with different periods times (10,15,20 minutes). The results are showed the following : The eggs very sensitive and two periods age (1-2),(5-6) days increased whereas mortality with increasing of periods exposed to UV radiation in comparison with controlling and the eggs were the age (1-2) days that will be more sensitive towards UV radiation from eggs(5-6) days in all periods exposed , and mortality are 55.86 , 45.35 % for tow ages (1-2), (5-6) days respectively when exposed for period 20 minutes and increased the mortality larvae and pupae which are resulted from that eggs treatment .
In concerning larvae for the two periods 2nd and 4th stage to UV radiation exposed .The sensitivity of 2nd larvae was higher than 4th stage in the all exposed periods (15,20,25) minutes. Mortality was highest and it results 54.78 , 37.42 % for 2nd and 4th larvae stage respectively in 25 minutes exposed .
The study showed increasing of pupae deformations which resulted from 2nd and 4th larvae treatment. As results showed decreasing ratio emergence adults with different stage and period of exposing to larvae . We found the ratio emergence adults to 2nd larvae stage treatment are less than concerning to 4th larvae stage in all treatment they were the least which are 13.30 % for 2nd stage larvae in period 25 minutes exposed .

Today football games that occupy the minds of most people, which contain a range of open skills (unknown environment and multiple positions) closed skills (information environment), so the specialists and researchers seeking in creativity pursuing various ways and means to reach the level of the player within the framework of play to the best levels to reach the goals set, and through keep up with what's new in this area, the researcher views to use mental training early with young people to develop an important skill in the game of football dribbling ball associated with most of the other skills like dribbling and kicking or dribbling and passing.
As well as to take advantage of the time where the guidance of the player in how to do mental training to repeat of mental skill, and the number of addition to the rest periods between recurrence and another, and then draw an activist program of skill within the motor track and rhythm and expectation correct motor learning.
Because this method is not used by our trainers in the country the researcher introduction of this variable in training program and tested in the training and development of the skill of rolling dribbling.
Research Aim: - Knowledge mental effect training in the development of dribbling skill on the football game.
Research hypotheses:- There are statistically significant in the development of dribbling skill between the two groups (experimental and control groups) for the experimental group.

الكلمات الدلالية

Article

The Automatic Stabilizers And The Mechanism of Action in Dealing with the General Budget imbalances (The Republic of Iraq as a model ) المثبتات التلقائية وآلية عملها في معالجة اختلالات الموازنة العامة (جمهورية العراق انموذجا)

Represent installers Automatic basis of a component of fiscal policy base components as it includes all the regular responses through the direct impact of the stabilizers on the income and expenditure directly, and thus influence the economic policy on the grounds that fiscal policy is part of economic policy, hence the focus on the basis of the financial rules contributes to the ease fluctuations output, as the reliance on these rules can be based on the policy of exclusion of discretionary changes in policy, the stabilizers have a direct impact in mitigating the effects of economic cycles, and stabilizers are, in essence, a tool for economic stability, as it is possible to distinguish between the impact of stability expenses of government and its impact and revenue on final demand, and the importance of research is that the economies are exposed both to shocks and imbalances that will lead to significant economic problems, and this topic shocks derived from not put successful solutions to deal with economic cycles and which is based on mostly on discretionary and discretionary policies, as these policies have proved ineffective as a result of the time gap between the problem occurs and treatment which is based on the adoption and approval and implementation of the relevant authorities, either the research problem lies in that automatic stabilizers are not strong enough reliable, if the material and technical base has not been available and capable of processing and reduce fluctuations in output and achieve stability, either hypothesis Find Vetoed The financial stabilizers Automatic can be considered as part of the fiscal policy base components and through the direct impact on the revenue and expenditure and the promise that the effect of the impact on economic policy on the grounds that
fiscal policy is part of it, either goal Search lies in recognizing the work of automatic fiscal stabilizers mechanism and the size of the contribution that could be offered in mitigation of
fluctuations in output resulting from the follow discretionary policies, which are directly linked to the adverse effects of economic cycles, as seen stabilizers as important to the health of the economy, because stability is part of the benefits economic.

Background: So far there is much debate as to the next move to be done when nonpalpable testes (NPT) are encountered. Some advocate imaging methods as ultrasonography (US), CT, or MRI. However, none of these has demonstrated to be 100% dependable in predicting the presence or absence of a testis. On the other hand, laparoscopy can be diagnostic and therapeutic as well. Methods: 28 patients with 39 NPT were enrolled. A preoperative US and MRI were performed for all patients followed by laparoscopic exploration. Results: Of the 39 NPT, 23 (59%) were intra-abdominal. Seventeen (44%) of these were viable intra-abdominal and underwent orchidopexy, 6 (15%) were atretic and eventually excised, while 8 (20.5%) were absent or vanishing. In contrast, 8 (20.5%) testes were found to be inguinal, three (7.7%) of them were viable, and 5 (12.8%) were atrophic, and ultimately excised. US localized 17 (43.6%) of these nonpalpable testes, while laparoscopy localized 31 (79.5%) testes, with a P-value of <0.01. In comparison to laparoscopy, MRI localized only 21(53.8%) of these testes with a P-value of < 0.05. Overall, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of US and MRI were (54.8%, 12.5%, and 46.1%), and (67.7%, 50%, and 64.1%) respectively. Seven viable intra-abdominal testes (18%) were fixed with one-stage orchidopexy, and 10 (25.6%) testes were fixed with two-stage orchidopexy. Three viable inguinal testes (7.7%) underwent inguinal orchidopexy. Totally 11 (28.2%) testes were excised (6 intra-abdominal and 5 inguinal), while eight testes (20.5%) were vanishing. Additionally 4 hernias (10.3%) were simultaneously repaired inguinally. Conclusion: Neither US nor MRI correctly localize a true NPT. In contrast, laparoscopy is safe, precise, and aids in subsequent surgical planning

This paper tackles the internal Russian policy during the reign of Czar Alexander II. That policy is considered as an important factor that resulted in many events and changes inside the country that had an impact on deciding the fate. The paper is divided into an introduction, three Chapters and a conclusion :
The first deals with the Czar's reformative policy in the field of agriculture that he followed after he ascended the throne including abolishing serfdom. Chapter two discusses the most salient changes happening in administration, the judicial system, education and Army. While Chapter three exhibited the activity of the opposing national movement and the assassination of Czar Alexander II. The Conclusion sums up the most important results including those related to the nature of the internal policy adopted by the Czar, and the extent of the success of the reform he made in the agricultural, administrative and judicial fields, as well as the major obstacles he faced, and the reasons behind the opposition movement against his policy.

There are many causes that lead the generator to Loss of Excitation (LOE) such as, a short circuit in the field winding, unexpectedly open field breaker or a failure in the excitation system. LOE protection schemes are widely used to detect these faults quickly, but they remain insensitive to the external faults and for other disturbances in the power system. Power System Stabilizer (PSS) is used to measure and damp the power oscillations, which occur by cause of external faults, through the set point of the voltage regulator.
In this paper, the Multi-Band and Generic Power System Stabilizers (MB-PSS and GPSS) are been reviewed and examined in case of the generator momentarily loss its excitation, the power system must remain stable via the proposed stabilizer. The case study is based on radial power system are including: a main power station is connected with a substation across the transmission lines and a step-up transformer. The salient-pole synchronous generator is rotated by the Hydraulic Turbine and Governor (HTG) which have auto control when disturbance occurs in the power system. The performance of the power system is demonstrated by using the simulation.

The study was applied to show the effective of ultraviolet radiation UV in the first generation (F1) of the lesser grain borer beetle Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) which resulted from adults mating that was radiated at stage of pupae at ages (5-6) days and with a length wave 312 nm with different durations times(30,35,40 minutes) , according to style of mating. The results showed that decreasing of number of eggs which females laid and ratio of hatching for both radiated males and females with increasing duration of radiation. We found average of eggs that was laid (19.33 eggs/ female) when mating radiated males and females at pupae stage and it exposed for a period 40 minutes. Otherwise it was the ratio non hatching was (47.88%) and we find that ratio at same style of mating .
We noticed decreasing of average of eggs laid and the ratio non hatching eggs at the mating of irradiated males with radiated females in comparison with mating radiated males and irradiated females , we found that case in all duration times of radiation. After that the pupae and larvae increased their the ratio of mortality that resulted from mating radiated males with irradiated females and we found the highest average was (23.63%) for larvae , at the period of exposed for radiation 40 minutes and for the pupae was (12.82%) at the period of radiated periods 35 minutes. When irradiated males mated with radiated females , there was the highest number average of mortality , and its average was 22.82% for larvae and for the pupae it was 11.82% at the period 30 minutes.
Finally the ratio of emergence for adults was decreased in all styles of mating treatment in comparison with control. And it was the least average of emergence was 8.60% in the case of mating radiated males and females at 40 minutes.

The occupation of Iraq in 9 April 2003 by the United States and its allies had such serious historic turning point in the history of the Arab region and the Middle East and a key turning point in the political, economic and social events of the all countries in the region, and despite the fact that Iraq the largest affected of these developments, but the countries in the region, particularly regional neighboring countries of Iraq, it was necessary to have affected are the other in great challenge.
Today Iraq regional interactions of Iraq, looks like establishing a new climate determines the goals and interests of the countries in which, in order to contribute the formation of internal political environment and Foreign orientations, and the countries of the region are seeking to take the lead, and move towards confirming its role and presence in the formation of the Iraqi scene.
Consideration could be given to Iraq as a major force in the regional surroundings, in three circles : Gulf, Arab, Middle Eastern, setting off a problematic role and location, interests and goals of the neighboring countries.
We can say that the spatial relations between Iraq, Syria and Turkey ruled by several political and geopolitical variables, has had a presence of Kurdish nationalism in these countries, one of the main factors that have affected the nature of political relations between these countries.

The study was conducted in Biology Department/ College of Science/University of Kufa to detect the active ingredients and separation of alkaloids compounds from potato tubers (bentji cv.) and dosage period on animal , Liver, Kidney and Spleen weights for white male rats.
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different alkaloid concentration extracts on animal, liver , kidney and Spleen weights. Weights of treated animals decreased gradually with the increase in the alkaloid concentration. and length of dosage period. The opposite was found for the weights of liver, kidney and spleen which were 7.66 ,1.17 ,0.67 g . with the interaction of 200mg/kg and four weeks treatment compared to 2.66 ,0.25 and 0.45 g with control treatment for liver,kidney and spleen ,respectively.

This work aim to get information about the binding of cephalexin(antibiotics) with albumin, and the influence of the solvent polarity and ionic strength on it by using UV-visb spectrophotometric measurements in phosphate buffer solution pH (7.4), and at three different temperatures, (290, 300, 310)K .The UV absorption shows a change and a shift in the absorbency and a shift in albumin and cephalexin peaks, the two changes are indicative of complex formation. The stoichiometry of the interaction were calculated by the method of continuous variations which was1:1at pH 7.4.The equilibrium constant was calculated at three different temperature (290,300,310)K and the thermodynamic parameter such as ∆G, ∆H and ∆S also calculated. The kinetic studies for this interaction follows first order equation with a rat constant value of 13.8×10-4 min-1.

This study was conducted in Biology Department/ College of Science/University of Kufa to detect the active ingredients and separation of alkaloids compounds from potato tubers (Bentiji cv.) and their effects on lethal dose of white male rats.
Alkaloids were determined in different potato tuber samples. It was found that there are 130 mg/kg. fresh weight( F.W. )from normal tubers, 340 mg/kg. F.W. from large tuber that partially greened and 870 mg/kg. F.W. from small size tubers which are completely green . Besides, it was found that alkaloid percentage condensed on the external surfaces (peel) that reached 888 mg/kg. F.W. compared with 140 mg/kg. F.W. from the internal part (flesh).
Lethal Dose (LD50) was done for both crude and alkaloid tuber extracts for the studied rats that orally administrated with the above extracts(with different conc.). It was found that alkaloid extract was more toxic than crude potato extract. It was 575 and 850 mg/kg. for alkaloid and crude potato extract, respectively.

seriousness of the unemployment problem in view of the negative effects of this phenomenon, which is the most important in the injury of young people frustrated and ill psychiatric many lead to many social problems and the increase in the spread of crime rates, drug addiction and the weakness of belonging to the homeland, and hatred of society , which leads to violence and terrorism.
Moreover, it is a waste of resources that are invested in the education of young people and care for a healthy and socially, and arguably the most important causes of the phenomenon of unemployment stems in particular from the nature of the region and the most important of those reasons in Iraq is not to keep up with the educational system to the requirements of the labor market, which leads to the accumulation of huge numbers of college graduates in the ranks of job seekers, which led to increased unemployment among educational qualifications by the campaign in any other segment.
The events after 2003 and the accompanying large changes such as removing Ministries which led to lay off large numbers of army. And the changing perception of the job and not motivated young people to professional work because of the social perception of that work, and the fear of risk-taking in entrepreneurship and the tendency to stable fixed-income business.

In order to further clarify the molecular basis for the mechanism of action of the antitumor Pt(II) complexes, this work represent a study of the interaction of Pt(II) complex with calf thymus DNA and Human Serum Albumin (HAS) using UV-spectroscopy in vitro, this technique was used in order to gain quantitative information regarding the relative binding affinity of the platinum compounds for calf thymus DNA versus HAS.
Spectra of solution of Pt(II) complex (0.07 mM ) at pH7 was recorded at regular intervals in the absence and presence of calf thymus DNA (0.05mM) and HAS (0.16µM). The present study reveals that the UV spectrum of Cis-dicloro(tetracycline) platinum(II) complex [(Tet.)Pt Cl2] at pH7 pale yellow solution shows a maximum absorbance at 272nm and a shoulder peak at 364nm after 0.25h and 1 hr . These peaks are rapidly diminished with time due to rapid hydrolysis of the nephthacene rings to give a precipitate and loss of the pale yellow color of the solution after 24hrs. In contrast, the absorbance of platinum complex in the presence of calf thymus DNA and HAS is significantly altered compared to the control experiment. The shift in the maximum absorbance to 291nm and 290 (for complex with DNA and HAS respectively) from 272nm implies that the tetracycline ligand is in a different environment, consistent with formation of platinum – DNA and platinum-HAS complex. No precipitation occurred in solution, of platinum complex in the presence of calf thymus DNA and HSA at pH7 over 24h.

The Non-destructive tests considered one of the most important solvent of losing cubing test to estimate compressive strength .The objective of research is main to find a relationship between many situations of combined method equations for Non-destructive tests between Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity tests, hammer rebound test. Also for producing a new equation where, the variation and the contrast between the use of the highest values and minimum values is lower than the previous equations. Using of advanced statistical programs such as (SPSS) program as well as program (Mini Tab) makes rustles more confidence. The conclusion equation has experimented with real data for one building, it was found that this equation gives medium rates and formulas used and therefore that the use of this equation gives excellent results and removed the negative consequences of the equations of the other.

In the present work the Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed on the electron structure and magnetic properties of Carbon-doped ZnO nanosheet. The predicted for carbon doping modifies the electronic structure of ZnO nanosheet. Through optimized the Cn-ZnO (n=1-7) compounds, we found that compounds are stable. Also calculated binding energy and ionization potential of carbon exohedral doping ZnO nanosheet. The compounds have been found to be more chemically reactive. Mullikan charge analysis shows the presence of the magnetic moment in these systems.

This study was carried out in AL-Zahra Hospital in Karbala from Desmber to March(2015) .(150) adult female (wemen) (35-60) years old and in (18-34)Kg/m²,were divided into (5) groups(30/group).The first group include women without (NAFLD) and served as control group (G1) , women in the second group were with (NAFLD) (G2),while women in third group were with(NAFLD) and diabetes mellitus type II(G3) ,the fourth group include women with(NAFLD) and high blood pressure (G4) and fifth group were with(NAFLD) and diabetes mellitus type II and high blood pressure (G5).These group classified depending on with or without menstrual cycle . Blood samples were collected for measuring biochemical parameters: Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerol(TG), Low Density Lipoproteins-cholesterol (LDL-c), High density Lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-c) . The results revealed that :
•significant increase(P<0.05)inTC,TAG,LDL,VLDLconcentration, and a significant decrease(P<0.05)in HDL concentration in (G2) compared with the control group(G1), and in G3,G4,G5 compared with G2.

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Article

The effect of the diversity of variable and fixed practice in the development of kinesthetic perception and speed of response and accuracy of the projected strike the front and rear of the drop net Badminton players (11-13 years) تأثير تنوع الممارسة المتغيرة والثابتة في تطوير الإدراك الحس- حركي وسرعة الاستجابة ودقه الضربة المسقطة الأمامية والخلفية بالريشة الطائرة للاعبين (11-13) سنه

Note researchers through their presence in the area for badminton and followed for most of the modules that most of the players are suffering from weakness in some perceptions own game (awareness of distance and time, strength and direction), and this is what affects the motor speed of response and accuracy of the strike front and rear projected, because the identification process the stimuli and awareness helps the player to create dynamic programs in the brain which makes the response be quick, and here centered research problem, so Arti researchers set up new exercises and implemented in a manner changing the practice of fixed and practice and to know its impact on the development of Sensory Perception-kinetic and speed of response and accuracy
of the strike front and rear projected Badminton Volleyball players (11-13 years). The research aims to identify the impact of variable and fixed practice in the development of Sensory Perception-kinesthetic response speed and strike accuracy front projected and rear paintbrush plane for players ages (11-13 years), and to identify the favorable impact of the diversity of variable and fixed practice in the development of Sensory Perception-kinetic and speed of response and precision strike the front and rear of the plane Badminton players (11-13 years)
The research hypotheses are there positive impact variable and fixed practice in the development of Sensory Perception-kinesthetic response speed and strike the accuracy of the front and rear projected badminton aged (11-13 years) in the before and after tests, practice changing preference influence in the development of Sensory Perception-kinetic and speed of response and precision strike the front projected and rear paintbrush plane for players ages (11-13 years) in the tests Posterior, and researchers used the experimental method design (two groups Almtkavitan of pretest and posttest) as it suits the nature of the problem and achieve the objectives of the research, and represented the research sample the entire community Find and they exert training center in the province of Babylon of the season 2014 -2015 m and totaling (16) player and aged (11-13 years) and this means using the method of comprehensive inventory of all members of society, were divided by lot to the first experimental groups learned the changing and experimental practice the second I learned constant practice and was the most important conclusions It is that the exercises Sensory Perception - kinesthetic have helped to develop my skills strike the front projected and background badminton accurate, and exercises proposed for the realization sense - kinetic and speed of response has helped members of the experimental group first and second to understand and recognize most of the stimuli for a game of badminton and speed provide a kinetic response to these stimuli either the most important recommendations is the need to pay attention Balmadrkat own game of badminton players at training and in particular age groups. And the need to pay attention to training on the speed of the motor response exercises so as to their necessity in a game of badminton, and the need for attention exercises vehicle between perception and response to stimuli and in an open and stable environments because most of badminton skills you need to provide multiple responses.

derivative of tetracycline at position 2 has been synthesized via way involved treatment of 1-chloro diacetone fructose with tetracycline to give derivative (IV), then the protected groups were removed using diluted acid. The Structures of the prepared compounds were elucidated on the basis of UV, FTIR and 1H-NMR spectral data which agreed with the proposed structures. The solubility studies proved that the new derivative of tetracycline be more soluble in polar solvent compared than free drug

This study was carried out in AL-Zahra Hospital in Karbala from Desmber to March(2015) .(150) adult female (women) (35-60) years old and in (18-34)Kg/m²,were divided into (5) groups(30/group).The first group containted women without (NAFLD) and served as control group (G1) , women in the second group were with (NAFLD) (G2),while women in third group were with(NAFLD) and diabetes mellitus type II(G3) ,the fourth group containted wemen with(NAFLD) and high blood pressure (G4) and fifth group were with(NAFLD) and diabetes mellitus type II and high blood pressure (G5).These group classified depending on with or without menstrual cycle . Blood samples were collected for measuring biochemical parameters Alanine Transaminase (ALT) , Aspartate Transaminase(AST): The results revealed that :
• significant increase(P<0.05)in ALT,AST concentration in (G2) compared with the control group(G1), and in G3,G4,G5 compared with G2.

A laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of bioaccumulation level of Pyrene and Phenanthrene compounds on some physiological parameter of Hydrilla vertcillata for 10 days. The results were revealed that the bioconcentration factor (BCF) were 2.85 and 0.05 which detected under high concentration (200µg/l) while they were 1.85 and 0.03 in the control group for both compounds respectively. The concentrations of two pollutants in the leaves of the treated plants were ranged (171-2224.2 µg/g. dry weight) and (0.18-9.84 µg/g.dw) for both respectively. The results of toxicity showed that increasing of the ion permeability in plasma membrane (88%) and lipid peroxidation products as malondialdehyde (MDA) were (10.4µmol/l fresh weight) also under high concentration, whereas in control groups decreased to 28% and (1.13µmol/l) for a mixture of compounds. The ascorbic acid, chlorophyll content and lipid percentage were reduced to 4.8 mg/g.fw, 2.8mg/g and 0.04% in plants leaves while they were 18.4mg/g, 0.9mg/g and 0.026% in the control group. The statistical analysis was indicated that significant differences among stressed and control groups in experiment plants.

The main aim of this search is to derive method to find the values of the double integrals numerically its integrands continuous in the region of the integrals by using Midpoint
two dimensions (interior x and exterior y ) and how to find the general form of the on the rule
errors (correction terms) and we will improve the results by using Romberg acceleraion from correction terms that we found it when the number of subintervals (n) that divided interval integral on the interior dimension x equal to twice the number of subintervals (m) on the exterior dimension y ,that is mean (h_1=1/2 h_2 ) when h_1 means the distances between the ordinates on the
x axis and h_2 means the distances between the ordinates on the y axis and we denote to this method by 〖 M〗_i(h_i ) and we can depend on this method to calculate the double integrals because it gave high accuracy in the results by few subintervals.

Associated with poetry and fiction and strange pictures from since its inception in human thought for the first time, and relied on the break fashionable collar realism, but nevertheless remained dependent on the close link with reality, that appeared in the hair visions Miraculous, which leads the recipient to the worlds of exotic
Exoticism is the dominant feature in contemporary Arabic poetry and in Arabic poetry was not the result of an intellectual luxury or creative outlet to more than imagination or pleasure or even crazy but it was a style of creative expression taboo political, religious and sexual Sometimes, though, a cross .
Through the study of the ( sefr al roaya ) poem by the Iraqi poet Joseph Sayegh for his direction of wars and defeats and conditions in the Arab countries through the vision of miraculous reflected us a state of fear, they are more like nightmares terrifying was intended which can cause trauma to the recipient to the extent disgust sometimes; to reflect the then ugliness of what is happening, and here we find that the al saigh based on the theory beautiful in literature and interestingness pleasure, but it offers the ugly and terrifying in its airspace to liberate the same hair from under
some types of beauty aseptic, while unable to this beauty to express the vision of the creator, in the poetic universes were full of fear, sadness and anxiety. Resorted poet to the methods drama and adopted by the technique of poetry to express his vision, and the adoption of technical spectacular cinematic creativity of its provisions on the method dramatic and beat method Film in the presentation of the vision inclusiveness in the text, and it was natural to be affected by the poem of modern including around the arts, and prints that Fantasia mark on the universe poetic, and the receiver of the text al saigh feel that it was running a special camera has a lot of imagination and Fantasia

The energy levels, B(E2) values, the square of rotational energy and the moment of inertia, staggering in γ- band energies andthe potential energy surface for184,186Osisotopes have been investigated using IBM-1. The calculated results good agreement with experimental data

The research was deliberate the increasing cement content effect on some fresh and hard concrete properties in four different cement content mixes with natural coarse aggregate (NAC) and another four same mixes but with replacement 50% of coarse aggregate (RAC) in mix . Getting to better cement content in mix which give increasing ratio mix properties more than cement content increase ratio compares with low and higher than cement content of it . This mix has 359 kg/m3 cement content concrete in natural coarse aggregate (C30) and recycled (50C30) . The increase ratio in compressive strength of natural coarse aggregate concrete was 2.174 more than cement content increase ratio , also recycled coarse aggregate concrete achieves 1.77 more than cement content increase ratio, that’s no happen in another low cement content mix (288 ,319 ) kg/m3 and higher 458 kg/m3. The water absorption 359 kg/m3 cement content concrete was achieved higher absorption decrease ratio /cement content increase ratio get to 1.5 in (C30) and 2.24 for (50C30)
The slump decrease ratio / cement content increase ratio decreased with increase cement content of mix concrete and that is less in increase cement content of mix in two kinds (NAC) and (RAC) concrete .

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role. In susceptible individuals, this inflammation causes recurrent episodes of coughing (particularly at night or early in the morning), wheezing, breathlessness, and chest tightness.
In secondary care populations up to 50% of patients with asthma have been reported to have clinically significant depressive symptoms and over a third of asthmatic outpatients have been found to have a major depressive episode.
There is some evidence that omega-3 fatty acids are related to mental health, including that they may be useful as an add-on for the treatment of depression associated with bipolar disorder. However, significant benefits due to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) supplementation were only seen when treating depressive symptoms and not manic symptoms suggesting a link between omega-3 and depressive mood.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of omega 3 on the management of moderate persistent asthmatic patient who are poorly responded on a combination of inhaled corticosteroids and long acting ß 2 agonists.
Forty five asthmatic patients were included in the study, 21 male and 24 female, who were uncontrolled adequately with inhaled combination of corticosteroids and long acting ß2 agonists. The effect of omega 3 was investigated after 1,2,3 and 4 weeks on symptom frequency, night symptoms and quality of life.
The result of the study evoked a positive effect on all studied parameters that might be agree with old studies and denied with others.
The study concluded that omega 3 might be play an important role in the management of clinical symptoms and quality of life of asthmatic patients.

This research deals with the study of British protection system on Egypt and its consequences on the general situation during the period (1914- 1919), explains the most important effects resulting from the announcement of the British government protection system since (1914), and state the policy pursued by the British government after the imposition of the system protection and the Popular and the form attitude of Egypt up to (1919). The research is divided into an introduction and three sections and a conclusion: He first section studied the efforts at the British to impose protection on Egypt, while the second station, explained the nature of British policy towards Egypt after the imposition of protective reflexes, including the period (1914-1918). And the third one is on Britain's stand on the Egyptian national movement activity and its demands until the (1919).

The main aim of this research is to derive numerical method to calculate Triple dimension integrals by applying Trapezoidal rule on dimensions which it's integrands are continuous functions in the region of integral and to find the form of error (correction terms) when number of subintervals on dimensions are unequal and we will apply special case on well choosen integrals when number of subintervals on dimensions equals to twice subintervals to , where , , means that . We will improve the by using Romberg acceleration [1] and [2] ,this rule Shawn high accuracy in results of well choosen integrals by using little of subintervals , then it can be depend on this method in calculating like these integrals. We will symbolize to the rule by , indicates to Trapezoidal rule on all dimensions , indicates to Romberg acceleration .

The present study was carried out to elucidation the main anatomical differences between the spleen of rabbit and guinea pig.Conducted on 30 animals.(15 for each type) divided into two parts. The first part (10 animals) cared for determined shape, position and ligaments of spleen as well as estimated the length, width, thickness, size, weight and relative weight of spleen in each animal. The second part (5 animals) was specified to investigate the arterial blood of spleen. The results appeared that the spleen of rabbit was tongue in shape situated in left abdominal cavity while it was quadrilateral in guinea pig located in left hypochondrial subregion. The present findings revealed that the length, width, thickness, size, weight and ratio of spleen to total body weight in rabbit was 3.314±0.16 cm,0.544±0.04 cm,0.128±0.07cm,0.488±0.03 cubic mm,0.547±0.035 gr,0.0006782±0.00001988 ; while in guinea pig was 2.450±0.15 cm, 1.22±0.08 cm,0.2080±0.04 cm,1.174±0.02 cubic mm,0.6418±0.88 gr,0.0017000±0.00021909, respectively , in order. Our finding revealed that the spleen of rabbit was supplied with blood by several numbers of small splenic arteries, which branched from splenic artery (continuous of lineal artery).lineal artery branched from celiac trunk. While in guinea pig the arterial blood comes from splenic artery that arises from celiac trunk directly.

The main aim of this research is to construct method to find values of double integrals numerically its integrands continuous in its region by using Simpson's rule with two dimensions x and y and to find the correction terms ( error forms ) , and to improve the results we will use Romberg acceleration when the number of subintervals ( m ) on the dimension y equal to twice to subintervals ( n ) on the dimension x, ((m),(n) even integers numbers ) and specifically when h1= 2h2 where h1 is the distance between coordinates on the x-axis and h2 the distance between coordinates on the y-axis.
We will use the symbol (sim2) to indicate this mothed and we can depend on this method because it gave high accuracy on the results with respect to the analytical values of integration with little subintervals.

Schiff base ligand salpphen (L) were synthesized by the condensation reaction of p-phenylenediamine with salicylaldehyde, Schiff base ligand was used as a primary ligand and some of amino acid (Alanine or Glycine) as secondary ligand to synthesized complexes containing mixed ligands with the metals ions Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) . The prepared ligand(L) was characterized on the basis elemental analyses(CHN), FT-IR,1HNMR, UV-Visible spectroscopy. While prepared complexes were characterized on the basis elemental analyses, FT-IR, 1HNMR, UV-Visible spectroscopy, conductivity and magnetic measurements. The morphology of the one of the complexes CuLAla was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The compounds were subjected to simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA) to study their decomposition mechanism and thermal stability. The spectroscopic and magnetic moments shows the suggested geometry of the metal ions complexes are octahedral. The antibacterial activities of the ligand and some of its metal complexes have been screened against bacteria E. coli and S. aureus.

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of addition of different concentrations of rosemary oil to the ration on productivity , physiological traits and carcass characteristics . The study was applied in the animal farm of the technical college AL_Musaiab for a period of 6 week, by using 120 one day old (Ross) broiler chicks , The chicks were distributed in to 3 equal treatments each treatment contained 2 replicates (20 chicken each ). The first treatment (T1) fed ordinary ration without supplementation of rosemary (control) the second and third treatment (T2 and T3) fed ordinary ration plus 2g and 4g gmKg ration respectively . The results showed that there were significant surpassing (P<0.01) of mean body weights ,weight gains , feed conversion rate and feed consumption for chicks in the T2 and T3 , significant decreasing in serum total cholesterol , low density lipoprotein( LDL) , Very low density Lipoprotein (VLDL), triglyceride and glucose. Significant increasing of High density lipoprotein (HDL) and packed cell volum (PCV) . The results showed significant increasing in carcass weight and heart weigh in T2 and T3 and significant decreas in abdominal fat. the addition of rosemary oil to the ration did not affect significantly upon the dressing percentage , Lever % and gizzard% .It was Conclude from this experiment that the addition of rosemary oil to broiler ration has led to improvement in productive and physiological traits. So we recommend possibility to use them as feed additives in the diet in order improve the productive performance of broilers projects .

The present investigation comprises some of morphological & anatomical study for the genus Convolvulus L. in Iraq. One species belongs to this genus C.arvensis L . weed species has been systematically examined . Distribution herb weed on the crops in the country , the morphological study includes studying the characters of root ,stem, leaves,floweringheads,Inflorescence,flowers ,fruit,seed, Indumentum. Anatomical study showed epidermal cell of leaf and stomatal type .The results showed that C.arvensis L. species with distinct morphological , anatomical feature .

Talking about the competent anti-corruption agencies in terms of the extent of Iraqi legislation in response to the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (2003), we note that the majority of such legislation have matching clear and response with the Convention aforementioned, whether at the level of the Constitution or other laws, and that we mean only those that have the legal authority the power and prestige in the performance of the role of her and that promote responsibility in how well their work in the fight against corruption or not, and that the text of the law in terms of doing this role more or less as it is in the jurisdiction of the three state powers (legislative, executive and judicial) in the center and the region and the provinces, as well as (body integrity, Office of Financial Supervision and the Department of the Inspector General)
The study was divided into two sections: - we dealt with in the first part, the role of public authorities in the fight against corruption through three demands represented by the role of the legislative and executive authorities, as well as the judiciary
In the second section we dealt with the role of the section competent anti-corruption authorities through three demands represented by (the Integrity Commission, Office of Financial Supervision, Department of the Inspector General) Finally, we reached a number of conclusions and recommendations

The research aimed to determine the application level of eggplant growers of scientific recommendations related to the crop .Also ,to prioritize application level of eggplant growers concerning the scientific recommendations related to the crop .Another objective is to determine the relationship between the application level and some independent factors such as (age, education level, years of experience , annual income and information exposure).
A questionnaire designed to collect data consisted of two parts ; first : part included the independent factors mentioned above. Second a scale of (44) items to measure the growers application level .These items distributed on (8) axes : Soil preparation , crop cultivation , patching , fertilization, irrigation , grubbing , pest control and crop handling .
Data collected from a stratified random sample (12%) of the eggplant growers (500) to be (60) growers .

In this research a neural model is proposed to predict the lateral force which affects the lateral motion dynamics of a vehicle during its travel. Neural networks technique is used to predict the lateral force through learning it the previous information about the relations among lateral force, variation in air pressure inside the tire, friction coefficient between tire and road, sideslip angle and normal load exerted on the tires. The results show that the model is capable of predicting the dynamic response to lateral motion represented by the dynamic response to yaw rate and side velocity when a vehicle negotiating a turn at different conditions. The lateral motion dynamics of a vehicle during its travel is affected by several parameters. The interaction between these parameters and states-variables is governed by nonlinear relations.

The study (coverage of sporting activities in the local press Alkrblaiah newspaper (Karbala today) a model) for the period from 15/04/2013 until 15/07/2013, represented by numbers from the number (356) to the number (368) to reach a number of conclusions and study aims to 1. Identify the priorities of Karbala newspaper today in dealing with sports events .2 identify the press Arts of sports news in the newspaper and Tkaradtha. 3. knowledge of the press release, objectivity and technical that contribute to the achievement of persuasion in the news sports properties. 4. monitoring the variation in coverage of sports news (geographically). The study found a set of results was the most prominent of 1. There are differences in the coverage of sports activities and a sign of the loss of balance in interest in sports where instantaneous football game on the broader coverage and attention. 2. edit news dependence on the inverted pyramid in the first place and the inverted pyramid gradual second place. 3. No reference to sources of sports news in the newspaper (Karbala today). 4. The absence of sports journalist Gazette column. 5. The news did not come to anything out of the ordinary to affect the reader. 5. not to address the mathematical knowledge and laws as part of educating the reader laws for sports and its history and benefits of the process. In order to achieve the objectives of the study were distributed Find three chapters 1. Chapter I: The research methodology included (research
problem, the objectives of the research, the importance of research, research methodology, search tool, the research sample, the limits of the research, definition of terms). Chapter II: Chapter Alndhara included (About the newspaper (Karbala today, sports journalism, feminist media, the role of scientific development in sports activities.) Chapter III: includes data and analysis of the findings and recommendations tables.

This paper considers the problem of scheduling n independent jobs on m identical parallel machines with family setup times. The preemption of jobs is forbidden. The aim is to minimize makespan. We develop compare and test different local search methods such as Memetic algorithm approach (MA), Threshold acceptance algorithm (TH) and Tabu search (TS). Computational experience is found that these local search algorithms solve problem to 5000 jobs with reasonable time.

A pot experiment was conducted during the growing season of 2013/2014 to investigate the effect of variety ,irrigation water , foliar fertilization and their interactions on the growth of some wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L). Three wheat cultivars namely IPA-95, ALFATEH and SALI , two types of irrigation water i.e. river water and drainage water and two levels of foliar fertilization (with or without fertilization) were used. The following results were obtained:
The cultivar significantly affected tillers no. , leaves no . and root diameter where IPA-95 developed the highest values whereas it developed the lowest values of root's diameter. The cultivar Sali developed the lowest values of tillers and leaves no. Water irrigation significantly influenced some growth characteristics . River water developed higher values of leaves no. and leaf area meanwhile , drainage water developed lowest values.
Marked effect was noticed due to foliar fertilization where plants sprayed with the fertilizers gave higher values of tillers no., length , volume and diameter of root , as well as the dry weight of root and shoots. All interactions markedly affected most of the studied traits.

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Article

The strategic importance of the Republic of GeorgiaAccording to the Russian strategic perspective الاهمية الاستراتيجية لجمهورية جورجيا وفق المنظور الروسي

This research aims to find out the Republic of Georgia (historically, politically, geographically, economically, militarily), and the importance of the Republic of Georgia (historically, politically, geographically, economically, militarily) to Russia, strategic interest in Russian about it, Historically and politically, Russia ruled grip it for about 190 years, and any launch of the history of Georgia and political events will find Russia metropolis where and effective until now, Georgia is geographically delimited area directly with Russia and depth in the Caucasus region, which is Georgia where his heart and that do not accept any party other to be lectured, and economically Vickl site Georgia its supplier mystery of its strength because it Passage president of energy from the Caspian region and this is what Russia wants to hold attic controller, either militarily, we find that Georgia is the fulcrum of Russian military bases, which prepared by Russia based its influence in the special province of Georgia General Caucasus, and therefore problematic Find proceed from that (Georgia formed through History and reduce the present site competition between most of the former empires regional and international surrounding, that poses a strategic importance and at all levels (historical, political, geographic, economic, military)), prompting the parties regional and international then permanent attempt to access it, and at the head These parties of the Russian Federation, and therefore the research hypothesis that runs from the (Georgia is a very important strategy of the Russian Federation since ancient times until the present time and at all levels (historical, political, geographical, economic and military).
So researcher Department Introduction to purely and four sections and a conclusion, and as follows: The first topic: the historical and political significance, either second topic: the geographical importance, and the third: economic importance, and the last is this: military importance.

This research presents a computer study to simulate of charging process for a nanoparticle (diameter =10 nm) immersed into plasma contain electrons, positive ions (H+), and negative ions (H-) (The mass of negative ion approximately equals to the mass of the positive ion), and studies statistical fluctuations of a nanoparticle charge with time. The research also appears effect of negative ion density on charge of nanoparticle

This study is relevant in assess the genotoxic effects of lead acetate using sperm abnormalities assay, and study the histopathological changes induced by exposure of lead acetate in testicular tissue of albino male mice, between the treated and the negative control groups. Sixteen mature male mice were used and divided into four groups, the first group kept as a control, the second, third and fourth groups were given18mg/kg b.w of lead acetate daily by oral dosage for one, two and three weeks respectively. The Results showed a statistically significant differences (p < 0.5) represented in increase the number of abnormal sperms in treated animals for one, two and three weeks compared with control group. This results showing a different types of sperm abnormalities as tail less sperm, head less sperm, hook less sperm, amorphous head sperm, pin head sperm, triangle head sperm and eight head sperm. Administration of lead acetate induced enormous generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). The interaction of some of these (ROS) with the genetic material effect on the differentiation of the spermatogonial cells during spermatogenesis may be responsible for these observations.
As well as diverse histopathological changes were observed in the testis of male mice had been induced by lead acetate for different periods. The histopathological change was represented in relative decrease in spermatogenic activity, , intercellular spaces was appeared between seminiferous tubules and lack of leydig cells number compared with normal state of control group.

This research aims to find out what the Caucasus region (historically, politically, geographically, economically, militarily) as well as the importance of the region (historically, politically, geographically, economically, militarily) of Russia, as well as the strategic interest in Russian about it, since any display of the history of the region you will find Russia active in it , as well as the vicinity of the Caucasus to the territory of Russia and considered Russia region boundaries area and wall insulation for threats and foreign interventions, and also the fact that the region economic corridor is important to the Caspian Sea region energy source which gave added importance his strategy, as well as the fact that the region area of influence military and spread to Russia, which is the presence in it of national security and permanent And its strategy requirements, so the problematic Search runs from the (the Caucasus that region throughout history up to the present site competition between the most international and regional surrounding region and especially by Russia) the previous empires.Therefore, the research hypothesis emanating from that (constitutes Caucasus region strategically vital to Russia since ancient times until the present time and at all levels (historical, political, geographic, economic, military)), so the researcher Department purely follows the introduction and four sections and a conclusion: First topic : historical and political significance, while the second section: geographic importance, and the third: economic importance, and the last is this: military importance . It was concluded Find out the following (the Caucasus region and on all levels (historical, political, geographic, economic, military), it is a vital and strategic area of the Russian Federation and her garden background near and around that do not accept Nothing but that is going on in the strategic orbit does not deviate him, because the region is linked to closely linked to national security and the essence of the Russian foreign strategy .

In this paper, the concept of soft ideal of a soft BH-algebra is introduced , several examples are provided, some of their properties and structural characteristics are discussed and studied. The intersection, union, ∨-union, ∧-intersection of soft BH-algebra and concept the idealistic are established. Also, the theorems of homomorphic image and homomorphic pre-image of soft sets are given.

Compound S1 which is the starting compound was prepared by the reaction between salicylaldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of piperidine. In order to prepare compound S2, compound S1was refluxed with 2-aminothiazole that dissolved in ethanol in presence of glacial acetic acid. S3 was prepared through addition of bromine that dissolved in chloroform to compound S1. S4 was prepared by heating compound S3 with thiourea in the presence of sodium acetate. S5 was prepared by refluxing of compound S4 with ethyl acetoacetate, while S4 on refluxing with succinic anhydride give S6. S6 when refluxed with o-phenylenediamine give compound S7. All the synthesized compounds were characterized through their physical properties and diagnosed by using FTIR and 1H NMR spectrophotometric techniques.

The present study was conducted to identify the prevalence of predominant bacterial microorganisms of synovitis in broilers , a comprehensive study of bacterial isolates from pus/fluid of synovial fluid taken from broiler chicken at 15, 20 and 25 old days from the Kerbala poultry flocks in the Karbala province, Iraq . over a period of three months from April until June 2015 were undertaken. The results revealed that ratio of isolation were 23 (51.1%) among forty five samples of synovial fluid and classified as Escherichia coli 33.3% , Streptococcus spp 8.8% and Salmonella spp 8.8% , on the other hand the study showed that there is no significant difference (P>0.05) between the age and isolations month.

The aimed of this study to evaluate the transverse strength for different types of acrylic denture base materials after being relined with visible light-cured material. Sixty samples were prepared from acrylic denture base and divided into two main groups according to polymerized material. Samples of heat-cured (water bath, Vertex) and visible light-cured (Mega denta) were relined with a hard light-activated material (Mega denta). Bulk denture base samples were also used for comparison of transverse strength test. Surface roughness was evaluated among roughened relined groups. Relining procedure was facilitated by the use of a bonding agent (LlGHTDON-Bonding Dreve-Dentamid / GMBH Germany). A three point load test was used to measuring transverse strength for both bulk and relined denture base material. Instron testing machine was used to evaluate transverse strength. The result obtained from this study revealed a slight improvement in transverse strength of all relined denture base samples after relining with visible light-cured material. The smooth relined samples exhibited non-significant increase in transverse strength compared to rough relined samples. Generally, it was concluded that the investigated transverse strength as a mechanical properties of relined samples are dependent on those of denture base polymer and on the ability of polymers to bond to each other.

An advanced general method of synchronization is proposed in this research. Where a couple of arbitrary two dimensions (2-D) chaotic systems in discrete time were synchronized. Scheme of synchronization based on nonlinear controllers and Lyapunov stability theory. Master and slave generalized of Lorenz system and Fold system were used for (2-D) chaotic systems. The advantage of modified method is revealed by mathematical analytic and numerical simulation

The study included isolation and identification of uropathogenic Staphylococcus saprophyticus which responsible for cystitis occurrence in young women. A total of 140 mid stream urine sample were taken from women suffering from urinary tract infection that attended to the Hilla general teaching hospital during a period from November 2014 to February 2015 . The patients age ranged from 16 to 55 years. Only 14 isolates were identified as Staphylococcus saprophyticus which have been diagnosed by using selective medium, biochemical tests and by using molecular assays. Molecular detection of Ubiquitous uro-adherence factor A was done by using specific PCR primer . This marker was shown to be present in all isolates of this bacterium ,while the molecular detection of the capsular polysaccharides gene capD has shown that only one isolate (7%) has this gene and gave positive result for this primer. Moreover, Autolysin-adhesin surface protein Aas was also detected in S.saprophyticus . It was shown that all isolates 14(100%) gave positive result for this gene.The collagen binding protein gene sdrI was also investigated in this bacteria and this study has shown that only one isolate possess this gene.In addition to that , the surface associated protein gene of S.saprophyticus Ssp was detected in this study by using specific primer in 12(85%) of isolates , this gene is responsible for lipase encoding .

Feeding makes up the major cost of production and good nutrition is reflected in the bird's performance and its products. The present research has been designed to study the effect of garlic with vitamin E-selenium and vitamin E-selenium on the histological picture of duodenum, liver and bursa of fabricius of broiler chickens. Sixty (60) broiler chick of commercial strain (Ross 308) divided into three groups with twenty (20) chicks for each group. In present study, it was found that the garlic with vitamin E-selenium was effective on the immunity of bursa of fabricius which led to increase in lymphocytes. There was a significant increase (P≤0.05) in the diameter of follicles of bursa of fabricius, while the vitamin E-selenium significant (P≤0.05) increase the activity of duodenum and liver which increase in the villi height of duodenum. However there was a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in the epithelial thickness of these villi with crypt depth of the submucosa of duodenum lead to increase the surface area of the duodenum and decrease the distance between the absorbed material and the villi. Otherwise there was no strong effect of garlic with vitamin E-selenium on the duodenum and liver

In this paper aims to study some properties of homomorphism in group theory which gives the ability to apply on fuzzy subgroup and fuzzy normal subgroup homomorphisms . We introduce some propositions ,theorems and notes on some properties of fuzzy subgroup homomorphism and fuzzy normal subgroup homomorphism and we set some conditions carried over on some properties of fuzzy subgroup homomorphism