Definition Argument- Ugandanknuckles

What is a mantra, and how does it apply to self-help?

Mantras are a common self-help practice in one way or another. We’ve seen celebrities like Oprah Winfrey promote them as a method of improving our lives, but most people dismiss it as a fad that’s just going to die out like most others. However, mantras and words in general have been shown to be very powerful throughout history.

Wildmind, a site about Buddhist meditation defines mantras as “words or phrases that are chanted out loud or internally as objects of meditation” Many cultures throughout the ages have believed in the power of words whether it be for meditation or for spiritual reasons. The power of words expands beyond just Buddhism, however. Even in modern day English the connections between magic and words can be found. For instance, the word “spell” can mean both how to write a word or mystic words said to use magic. Further back in time, the words glamour and grammar share an interesting origin, all based on how words reached and evolved in different parts of Europe.

Gramma-techne was the Greek term for the science or art of letters. This came into English as the word grammar, but also came in Scots (as “glammer”) to mean “to cast a spell upon”… The word glammer was anglicized as glamour, and came to have its more contemporary romantic and aesthetic associations, where someone is able to influence us, not by the power of their words, but by the beauty of their appearance.

If we travel to India, words, specifically names, had powers of their own. It was believed that if you knew the true name of a god, then you would be able to call upon that god for help. All religions in one form or another see words as powerful. Prayer is found in many religions, and it both uses words to help us ease our minds of something we may want or hope for, and acknowledges the possible existence of a higher power.

In the modern era, mantras are popular because of how easy they appear to be. Giovanni Dienstmann, a meditation teacher and coach, helps us to better understand the thought process behind repeating a word or phrase. He says, “Sound is vibration. And all the cells in our bodies are vibrating. Everything in the universe is vibrating, and each has its own rhythm. Our thoughts and feelings are, indeed, vibrations in your body and your consciousness.” He goes on further to claim that it also effects our hormones, thinking, behavior, and our psychological well-being.

Musicians and filmmakers use sound to inspire thoughts or feelings within the listener. If you were to take ambient music out of a movie or show, you’d be surprised to find just how awkward it feels, and just how difficult it is to get into what you’re watching without the backtracks.

“Sound, rhythm and speech have profound effects on your body, thoughts, and emotions. Mantra meditation is the use of these three elements with the purpose of purifying, pacifying and transforming your mind and heart.”

Dienstmann calls mantras “instruments of the mind” that can help you change your body and psyche. For mantras to be effective, we need to focus only on the word or words so that we are no disturbed by other thoughts. It creates a peaceful feeling that can be held for as long as we can focus on just the words of the mantra.

The next step is to decide which type of mantra is right for you. There are two types, according to Dienstmann: secular and spiritual. The secular approach is for those who wish to keep their mantra usage separate from their religion, and is commonly used to try and help someone feel better, relax, or grow as a person. It’s easy to begin your meditation with mantras, you just need to find an attribute that you want to instill in yourself, see if it works for you by using it for several minutes, and then making sure it has no negative connotations. This is the more common form, and is the one you’ll see recommended by reality TV doctors and other TV personalities.

The other type, spiritual, is meant to have more meaning. There’s normally a specific religious goal, or something very specific that you’re looking to achieve. Dienstmann recommends picking, “a traditional mantra – a word or sound that has been used by spiritual seekers for centuries, with noble attitude and intention.” The usual origins for a lot of these words come from many middle eastern countries. That said, he insists that the replicating the exact pronunciation and intonation of the word or words is important since there is a specific sound vibration being looked for.

Spiritual mantras feature a more rigorous process to use than secular does. The first step, he says, is to “Find a teacher/master of that tradition – someone you respect – and ask him or her to suggest a mantra for you.” Given that mantras aren’t popular to the common person, this can be a difficult process. Once you’ve found it though, experimentation is key. Rather than trying each one for a few minutes, he insists that you experiment with it for a few days, until you find the one that works best for you. The key difference between secular and spiritual mantras is that you must keep the mantra a secret because “sacred is secret.”

The article goes further in depth about the different ways you can use the words and what the best way to position yourself is, but we don’t really need that stuff for this. Putting all of the information together, we can say that a mantra is something that initially became popularized by Buddhist monks, but predates them by hundreds of years. The power of words can be cited in different cultures from the British Isles to India.

The two different types on mantras are spiritual and secular and each has its own uses and specific ways of practicing them. Secular being the more common one, and spiritual being the one used for people who can afford to be more committed to the practice. With a better understanding of what mantras are, how they’re practiced, and where they originated, we can better critique them and their effectiveness.

References

Dienstmann, George. “Mantra Meditation – The Why, the How, and the Methods.” Live and Dare, 2 Feb. 2018, liveanddare.com/mantra-meditation

7 thoughts on “Definition Argument- Ugandanknuckles”

Knuckles, you make a mild promise in your first sentence that we will understand the counterintuitive nature of mantras once we explore the origin of the word. For me, the counterintuitive nature of mantras has to do only with the odd causal claim that repeating a word endlessly while my body is immobile would have any consequences at all.

I do appreciate the lovely language notes, though, and one you didn’t mention but that I found in your source. I would never have known about the connection between glamour and grammar, or noticed the “chant” inside enchantment.

Which brings me to a note I’m surprised you did not strike. Words are sacred, you say they say. And surely we have plenty of evidence that humans have long felt it so. The Christian sacraments involve language so often the evidence is undeniable. We say “magic words” when we confess and are pardoned, when we marry, when we deliver or receive final rites. Whether it invokes a god or not, is chanting a mantra observably different from reciting a rosary or engaging in prolonged silent prayer? Among the benefits of prayer, apart from receiving specific blessings, would be the sense of peace and well-being that results from the very act itself. Am I wrong? I wonder if, when you incorporate this short argument about mantras, you’ll be drawing parallels with other practices that purport to offer the same benefits.

I suspect that, in the wider context of your overall thesis, this introduction to the “definition” of a classical mantra will not be as significant as you’ve made it here.

I was confused by your explanations of process, Knuckles. I understand better after reading your sources that I’m being encouraged to choose my own words and to test out any that seem to “resonate” with me. Only if I seek more spiritual advantages would I ask for guidance, but even then I’d be taking suggestions not being “assigned” a mantra. That should have been clear to me reading your essay.

Your final two paragraphs serve only one purpose that I can see: hitting the word count. You’ve got a good first draft going here, Knuckles, but you wouldn’t want it to represent your best effort in your Portfolio. You can revise at any time for additional feedback. Just add it back to the Feedback Please category whenever you want another reading.

If you read it carefully, you’ll find “Won’t You Be My Wireless Neighbor?” a good guide to the Definition Argument. Its author never says, “Let’s define theft” so we can decide whether I was stealing internet service or not. Instead, she uses anecdote and example (much the way you have here) to cause the reader to wrestle with the question she hasn’t asked. Her technique would serve you well here.

If you started with the observation that Words are Magical, from Abracadabra to “I now pronounce you husband and wife,” to “I hereby proclaim this National Fluffernutter Day,” you could jumpstart your observations without threatening to spend 1000 words defining something that might not particularly interest us.

Your range of observations as evidence is impressive. (Widening the scope to include “sound” so that you can include film soundtracks is risky, and you haven’t quite covered your tracks yet, but you’re getting there.) You’re still missing the essential and very obvious example of prayer, useful both because it’s incantatory and because it purports psychological and spiritual benefits (as do mantra practitioners) in addition to its primary nature as an appeal to divinity.

I think you should conceal your hand a bit in this portion of your argument, helping readers understand that the long history, across all world cultures, of word magic, chanting, and meditation must indicate that our entire species is disposed to belief in the power of language to change us, improve us. Such an attitude is respectful to those who believe in mantras. You can still hold them accountable to prove the benefits, but you establish your fair-mindedness by treating their position as part of a long cultural history.

From a lot of your replies, the vibe I’m getting is that I should try to focus more on the history aspect of my paper. I agree with you on that, as my paper gets a little wordy and awkward towards the bottom.