Legend:

* Manage repositories in the "Repository" admin panel, with `trac-admin` or in the `[repositories]` section of [wiki:TracIni#repositories-section trac.ini].

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* Enable the repository connector(s) for the version control system(s) that you will use.

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* Add repositories through the //Repositories// admin panel, with `trac-admin` or in the `[repositories]` section of [wiki:TracIni#repositories-section trac.ini].

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* Set up a call to `trac-admin $ENV changeset added $REPO $REV` in the post-commit hook of each repository. Additionally, add a call to `trac-admin $ENV changeset modified $REPO $REV` in the post-revprop-change hook of repositories allowing revision property changes.

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* Set the `[trac] repository_sync_per_request` option to an empty value to disable per-request syncing.

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* Make sure the user under which your Subversion hooks are run has write access to the Trac environment, or use a tool like `sudo` to temporarily elevate privileges.

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* Make sure the user under which your hooks are run has write access to the Trac environment, or use a tool like `sudo` to temporarily elevate privileges.

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== Enabling the components

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Support for version control systems is provided by optional components distributed with Trac, which are disabled by default //(since 1.0)//. Subversion and Git must be explicitly enabled if you wish to use them.

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The version control systems can be enabled by adding the following to the `[components]` section of your [TracIni#components-section trac.ini], or enabling the components in the //Plugins// admin panel.

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{{{#!ini

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tracopt.versioncontrol.svn.* = enabled

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}}}

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{{{#!ini

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tracopt.versioncontrol.git.* = enabled

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}}}

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== Specifying repositories #Repositories

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Starting with 0.12, Trac can handle more than one repository per environment. The pre-0.12 way of specifying the repository with the `repository_dir` and `repository_type` options in the `[trac]` section of [wiki:TracIni trac.ini] is still supported, but two new mechanisms allow including additional repositories into an environment.

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It is also possible to define aliases of repositories, that act as "pointers" to real repositories. This can be useful when renaming a repository, to avoid breaking all the links to the old name.

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A number of attributes can be associated with each repository, which define the repository's location, type, name and how it is displayed in the source browser. The following attributes are supported:

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Trac supports multiple repositories per environment, and the repositories may be for different version control system types. Each repository must be defined in a repository configuration provider, the two supported by default are the [#ReposDatabase database store] and the [#ReposTracIni trac.ini configuration file]. A repository should not be defined in multiple configuration providers.

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It is possible to define aliases of repositories, that act as "pointers" to real repositories. This can be useful when renaming a repository, to avoid breaking links to the old name.

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A number of attributes can be associated with each repository. The attributes define the repository's location, type, name and how it is displayed in the source browser. The following attributes are supported:

||The `dir` attribute specifies the location of the repository in the filesystem. It corresponds to the value previously specified in the option `[trac] repository_dir`. The `alias` and `dir` attributes are mutually exclusive. ||

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||`hidden` ||When set to `true`, the repository is hidden from the repository index page in the source browser. Browsing the repository is still possible, and links referencing the repository remain valid. ||

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||`sync_per_request`||When set to `true` the repository will be synced on every request. This is not recommended, instead a post-commit hook should be configured to provide [#ExplicitSync explicit synchronization] and `sync_per_request` should be set to `false`.||

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||`type` ||The `type` attribute sets the type of version control system used by the repository. Trac supports Subversion and Git out-of-the-box, and plugins add support for many other systems. If `type` is not specified, it defaults to the value of the `[trac] repository_type` option. ||

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||`url` ||The `url` attribute specifies the root URL to be used for checking out from the repository. When specified, a "Repository URL" link is added to the context navigation links in the source browser, that can be copied into the tool used for creating the working copy. ||

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A repository `name` and one of `alias` or `dir` attributes are mandatory. All others are optional.

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For some version control systems, it is possible to specify not only the path to the repository in the `dir` attribute, but also a ''scope'' within the repository. Trac will then only show information related to the files and changesets below that scope. The Subversion backend for Trac supports this. For other types, check the corresponding plugin's documentation.

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After adding a repository, the cache for that repository must be re-synchronized once with the `trac-admin $ENV repository resync` command.

Note that the default repository has an empty name, so it will likely need to be quoted when running `trac-admin` from a shell. Alternatively, the name "`(default)`" can be used instead, for example when running `trac-admin` in interactive mode.

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== Repository caching

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The Subversion and Git repository connectors support caching, which improves the performance browsing the repository, viewing logs and viewing changesets. Cached repositories must be [#Synchronization synchronized]; either explicit or implicit synchronization can be used. When searching changesets, only cached repositories are searched.

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Subversion repositories are cached unless the type is `direct-svnfs`. Git repositories are cached when `[git]` [wiki:TracIni#git-section cached_repository] is `true`.

This is the preferred method of repository synchronization. It requires setting the `[trac] repository_sync_per_request` option in [wiki:TracIni#trac-section trac.ini] to an empty value, and adding a call to `trac-admin` in the `post-commit` hook of each repository. Additionally, if a repository allows changing revision metadata, a call to `trac-admin` must be added to the `post-revprop-change` hook as well.

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This is the preferred method of repository synchronization. It requires setting the `sync_per_request` attribute to `false`, and adding a call to `trac-admin` in the `post-commit` hook of each repository. Additionally, if a repository allows changing revision metadata, a call to `trac-admin` must be added to the `post-revprop-change` hook as well.

In a Unix environment, the simplest way to configure explicit synchronization is by using the [trac:source:trunk/contrib/trac-svn-hook contrib/trac-svn-hook] script. `trac-svn-hook` starts `trac-admin` asynchronously to avoid slowing the commit and log editing operations. The script comes with a number of safety checks and usage advice. Output is written to a log file with prefix `svn-hooks-` in the environment `log` directory, which can make configuration issues easier to debug.

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There's no equivalent `trac-svn-hook.bat` for Windows yet, but the script can be run by Cygwin's bash.

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Follow the help in the documentation header of the script to configure `trac-svn-hook`. Configuring the hook environment variables is made easier in Subversion 1.8 by using the [http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.8/svn.reposadmin.create.html#svn.reposadmin.hooks.configuration hook script environment] configuration. Rather than directly editing `trac-svn-hook` to set the environment variables, they can be configured through the repository `conf/hooks-env` file. Replace the [trac:source:trunk/contrib/trac-svn-hook@:65-67#L61 configuration section] with:

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{{{#!bash

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export PATH=$PYTHON_BIN:$PATH

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export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PYTHON_LIB:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

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}}}

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and set the variables `TRAC_ENV`, `PYTHON_BIN` and `PYTHON_LIB` in the `hooks-env` file. Here is an example, using a Python virtual environment at `/usr/local/venv`:

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{{{#!ini

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[default]

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TRAC_ENV=/var/trac/project-1

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PYTHON_BIN=/usr/local/venv/bin

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PYTHON_LIB=/usr/local/venv/lib

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}}}

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===== Writing Your Own Hook Script

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The following examples are complete post-commit and post-revprop-change scripts for Subversion. They should be edited for the specific environment, marked executable (where applicable) and placed in the `hooks` directory of each repository. On Unix (`post-commit`):

The Unix variants above assume that the user running the Subversion commit has write access to the Trac environment, which is the case in the standard configuration where both the repository and Trac are served by the web server. If you access the repository through another means, for example `svn+ssh://`, you may have to run `trac-admin` with different privileges, for example by using `sudo`.

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Note that calling `trac-admin` in your Subversion hooks can slow down the commit and log editing operations on the client side. You might want to use the [trac:source:trunk/contrib/trac-svn-hook contrib/trac-svn-hook] script which starts `trac-admin` in an asynchronous way. The script also comes with a number of safety checks and usage advices which should make it easier to set up and test your hooks. There's no equivalent `trac-svn-hook.bat` for Windows yet, but the script can be run by Cygwin's bash.

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See the [http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.5/svn.reposadmin.create.html#svn.reposadmin.create.hooks section about hooks] in the Subversion book for more information. Other repository types will require different hook setups.

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See the [http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.7/svn.reposadmin.create.html#svn.reposadmin.create.hooks section about hooks] in the Subversion book for more information. Other repository types will require different hook setups.

If the post-commit hooks are not available, the environment can be set up for per-request synchronization. In that case, the `[trac] repository_sync_per_request` option in [wiki:TracIni#trac-section trac.ini] must be set to a comma-separated list of repository names to be synchronized.

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If the post-commit hooks are not available, the environment can be set up for per-request synchronization. In that case, the `sync_per_request` attribute for each repository in the database and in [wiki:TracIni#trac-section trac.ini] must be set to `false`.

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Note that in this case, the changeset listener extension point is not called, and therefore plugins using it will not work correctly.

1. Set up post-commit and post-revprop-change hooks on the "main" repository, and set `[trac] repository_sync_per_request` to an empty value.

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1. Add an alias to the main repository as the default repository (by leaving out the the `name`, e.g. `.alias = main`). This ensures that all links predating the migration still resolve to the main repository.

The following procedure illustrates a typical migration from a Mercurial single-repository setup to multiple repositories. Please note that at the time of writing, no initial resynchronization or any hooks are necessary for Mercurial repositories - see [trac:ticket:9485 #9485] for more information.

1. Add an alias to the main repository as the default repository (by leaving out the the `name`, e.g. `.alias = main`). This ensures that all links predating the migration still resolve to the main repository.

You must now use the optional components from `tracopt.ticket.commit_updater.*`, which you can activate through the Plugins panel in the Administrative part of the web interface, or by directly modifying the [TracIni#components-section "[components]"] section in the trac.ini. Be sure to use [#ExplicitSync explicit synchronization] as explained above.

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See [trac:CommitTicketUpdater#Troubleshooting] for more troubleshooting tips.