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July 30, 1963
Y. PELENC
3,099,721
INSULATOR CONSTRUCTION FOR CIRCUIT BREAKERS
Filed Feb. 24, 1959
IN VENTOR
Yl/ES PELENG
ATTORNEY§
United States Patent 0 " ICC
1
3,099,721
Patented July 30, 1963
2
sembly. The forward face of the frame, best seen in
FIGURE 2, has a pair of planar areas 2 and 3 having a
3,099,721
INSULATOR CONSTRUCTION FOR CIRCUIT
BREAKERS
Yves Pelenc, La Buisserate-Saint-Martin le-Vinoux,
Isere, France
Filed Feb. 24, 1959, Ser. No. 795,122
1 Claim. (Cl. 200-48)
common line of intersection. The rearward face of the
frame is adapted to be secured to a substantially vertical
supporting wall. A pair of insulators 4 and 5 are sup
ported by the frame 1 and have their respective longi
tudinal axes disposed in a common vertical plane and
respectively diverging in a direction away from the frame,
This invention relates generally to the type of circuit
breaker having an arc extinction chamber operatively
substantially as there shown. In the illustrated embodi
ment, a line passing through the common axis of inter
section of the planar areas will cross the intersection of
the axes of the insulators when extended behind the
frame. As there shown, the respective axes of the diver
gent insulators are normal to the planar areas 2 and 3.
associated with a ?xed contact, and a movable contact
supported on an arm or blade pivoting around a center
to engage against the ?xed contact to open and close a
circuit.
Circuit breakers of modern type usually consist of two 15 This, however, is intended to be illustrative of the prin
insulators for each pole, one supporting the ?xed con
ciple involved and not a limitation on the invention.
tact and the arc extinction chamber the other supporting
It is advantageous to IChOOSC the angle formed between
the movable contact. The insulators are mounted on a
the axes of the insulator and the horizontal plane sub
frame which may be used as a housing to enclose the con
stantially equal to 30°, because it is thereby possible to
trol assembly for the moving parts. Prior art insulators
obtain within a very reduced space the maximum dis
are generally ?xed in horizontal position, and the distance
tance between the live parts of the circuit-breaker and
between them is determined by the intended service for
ground as well as between the live parts inter se.
the circuit breaker and must be great enough to provide
This arrangement allows the reduction of the length
sufficient insulation to prevent a ?ashover between the
of the insulator to the minimum value compatible with
contacts. The length of the insulators is a function of 25 the prescribed ?ashover distances while providing an
the rated voltage of the circuit breaker, and of course,
opening angle between the two insulators of one pole
the overall dimensions of the apparatus, and the amount
smaller than 90° and an opening angle smaller than 90°
of cantilever of the insulators depends on this length,
between the open and closed positions of the blade carry
the other dimensions of the insulator, cantilever-supporting
ing the movable contact, which feature is most important
at its free end the arc extinction chamber, being a func
from the mechanical point of view and facilitates the
tion of the weight of said chamber.
execution of the actuating mechanism.
In an attempt to reduce the overall dimensions, others
Another advantage offered by the use of the angle of
have provided supporting insulators having parallel axes
30° between the insulator axes and the horizontal plane
and forming an angle with the horizontal plane. As will
is the fact that the oblique faces of the frame which
later be more fully explained below, the instant invention 35 carry the insulators and the frame can be more easily
provides a circuit breaker which yields minimum overall
and cheaply formed by a manufacturing process than by
dimensions for a given voltage and also has a symmetrical
the process which would be necessary if this angle were
appearance which is pleasing to the eye.
larger.
It is accordingly a broad object of this invention to
Insulator 5 carries at its distal end a metal cap v6 hav
improve on the circuit breakers now in use.
40 ing circuit terminal 7 secured thereto. A movable blade
It is another and more speci?c object of this invention
8 is pivotally mounted by pin 10 at one end thereof to
to provide a circuit breaker having minimum overall
cap ‘6 and has movable contact 9 at the other end. A
dimensions for a given voltage.
rod 11 extends between the blade 8 and the control assem
It is a yet further object of this invention to provide a
circuit breaker of the type having a pair of contacts re
bly (not shown) within the housing 1.
spectively carried on cantilever insulators and an arc ex
tinction chamber cantilever-supported at the free end of
one of the insulators and wherein the longitudinal axes
operation will be readily understood by referring to
Patent No. 2,815,418 to Latour, which is hereby incor
of the insulators are divergent in a direction away from
the insulator supporting structure.
Referring now to the drawings, wherein:
FIGURE 1 is a side elevation of a circuit breaker
embodying the instant invention, and
FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of a
An auxiliary
blade 12 is pivoted to blade 8 as by pin 13 for use in
controlling the are when the circuit is interrupted. This
50
porated by reference.
The ?xed contact 18 for cooperation with movable con
tact 9 is housed within arc extinction chamber 14, both
being supported by insulator 4. A second circuit terminal
15 is also supported by insulator 4 substantially as shown.
in FIGURE 1, the arc extinction chamber 14
portion of the circuit breaker of FIGURE 1 showing the 55 hasAsa seen
form generally parallelepipedic, the parallelepiped
frame and a portion of the insulators.
having a corner removed to form a face. The insulator
‘summarily stated, the invention consists of a circuit
4 engages against the face and supports the chamber.
interrupter having a pair of spaced circuit terminals with
It will be understood that insulators 4 and 5 may be
a contact ?xed to each terminal, one contact being pivoted
to its respective terminal for motion toward and away 60 elliptical in cross section, as illustrated in application
Serial No. 598,126 ?led July 16, 1956, by Latour et al,
from the other contact to close and open a circuit; a
now
Patent No. 2,875,305.
pair of diverging insulators are provided to carry the
As previously discussed, the longitudinal axes of in
respective contacts and a frame supports the assembly
and is adapted to be secured to a vertical supporting sur
sulators 4 and 5 respectively form an angle of 30° with
face, such frame being triangular in section to house a 65 the horizontal plane; therefore, the insulating distance
designated by “a” corresponding to the length of the in
control assembly and having formed on its outer face a
sulators is maintained:
pair of planar areas respectively normal to the respective
(1) Between the live parts of the arc extinction ‘cham
insulators. The diverging insulators thus extend between
ber and the mounting wall (ground),
a respective planar area and a respective contact.
(2) Between the ?xed and movable contacts when the
In the drawing, reference character 1 designates gen 70
erally the frame for the \circuit breaker which is triangular
circuit breaker is open,
in section to provide a volume for housing a control as
(3) Between the frame (ground) and the movable con
3,099,721
3
4
.
tact when the circuit breaker is closed (shown in broken
lines in FIGURE 1).
extinction chamber cantilevered at the outer end of said
upwardly extending insulator and surrounding said ?xed
From the foregoing it will be seen that I have pro
vided a circuit ‘breaker of minimum overall dimension
contact element; the upwardly extending one of said in
for a given rated voltage, thus saving material for the
to the axis of said insulator; said arc-extinction chamber
enclosure thereof, and which is at once pleasing in ap
having at least one corner schamfered to parallel said
pearance and symmetrical in design.
It should be understood that this invention is not limited
to speci?c details of construction and arrangements there
of herein illustrated and that changes and modi?cations 10
sulators having a terminal face substantially perpendicular
terminal face, and means connecting said chamfered
corner surface to the said terminal face; said one up
wardly extending insulator constituting the sole support
for said chamber.
may occur to those skilled in the art without departing
from the spirit of the invention.
I claim:
An air break circuit breaker comprising a base housing,
a pair of stand-off insulators carried by said housing and 15
extending therefrom in directions inclined respectively
above and below the horizontal plane midway between
References Cited in the ?le of this patent
UNITED STATES PATENTS
2,250,216
2,717,287
Biermanns ____________ __ July 22, 1941
Sihler et al. __________ __ Sept. 6, 1955
2,875,305
Latour et al. __________ __ Feb. 24, 1959
733,778
903,172
1,129,604
1,187,019
France
France
France
France
said insulators, the axes of said insulators lying substan
tially in a common vertical plane; respective ?xed and
moving cooperating contact elements carried by the outer 20
ends of the respective upwardly and downwardly extend
ing insulators and positioned to de?ne a circuit-breaker
region lying vertically between said outer ends; an arc
FOREIGN PATENTS
______________ __ Oct. 11,
_____________ __ Sept. 26,
______________ _._ Jan. 23,
______________ __ Sept. 4,
1932
1945
1957
1959