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YAOUNDE, Cameroon, Oct. 5 — The first tanker set off from a Cameroon port with crude from a massive $3.7 billion pipeline, officials said Sunday, launching an ambitious World Bank project aimed at developing West African oil as an alternative to Mideast supplies.

PRESIDENT BUSH’S administration, hopeful of lessening U.S. dependence on Mideast oil, has pushed development of West Africa’s industry.

The 665-mile pipeline from the landlocked nation of Chad to the Atlantic ports of Cameroon represents the World Bank’s largest-ever investment in sub-Saharan Africa.

Conceived in 1996 with support from the Clinton administration, the pipeline was developed by an international consortium, with ExxonMobil holding a 40 percent stake, Malaysia’s Petronas 35 percent, and ChevronTexaco 25 percent.

A tanker carrying the first 950,000 barrels left the Cameroon port of Kribi for world markets on Friday, Cameroon’s National Oil Transportation Co. and National HydroCarbons Co. told The Associated Press.

Presidents Paul Biya of Cameroon and Idriss Deby of Chad are to inaugurate the pipeline next Friday.

West Africa, led by Nigeria, already supplies the United States with about one-fifth of its oil — roughly equal to Saudi Arabia’s share of the U.S. market.

The pipeline project included development of 300 wells in the Doba oil fields in southern Chad. The oil fields are estimated to hold reserves of more than 900 million barrels.

The World Bank, in its first foray into supporting oil production, supplied 3 percent of the financing for the pipeline. It is part of a strategy to get developing countries to use revenues from their own resources to alleviate poverty.

The World Bank has set up an independent monitoring panel to oversee accounting — an unprecedented undertaking in a region known for corruption, plutocracy and environmental disasters.