Up to 40 million electronic gadgets are lying discarded in UK homes, a study has found.

Each of the items contains, including old phones, music players and tablets, contain rare Earth metals such as Indium, Yttirium and Europium.

Yttrium, for example, is worth £2,397 ($3,400) per pound and is used for camera lenses and mobile phone screens.

The materials are hard to obtain, expensive to buy and reserves are running low due to increased demand for technology.

The Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) carried out a survey of more than 2,000 people which revealed that half of UK homes had at least one unused electronic device and 45 per cent of households had up to five.

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The Royal Society of Chemistry is urging more and better recycling of old devices and gadgets which contains 'rare earth elements' which are increasingly endangered (file photo)

Most people said they had no plans to recycle their devices.

Mobile devices contain conflict elements such as gold, toxic elements such as arsenic and rare elements such as indium.

Natural sources of six of the elements found in mobile phones are set to run out within the next 100 years.

More than half of people (59 per cent) said knowing this would make them more likely to recycle old devices.

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'We need action now – from governments, manufacturers and retailers – to make reuse and recycling much easier, and we must enable a new generation of chemistry talent to help,' said Robert Parker, the RSC's chief executive.

'The UK has a tremendous opportunity to become a world leader in this and set an example for other nations to follow.'

Another concern over the recycling of unused devices is that they often contain what are known as 'conflict elements' such as tin, gold, tungsten and tantalum, which are mined in areas where battles and child labour are often a routine part of their mining.

Indium is vital for touch screens because it conducts electricity and is transparent.

Mr Parker said: 'Chemical scientists are already working to find ground-breaking solutions – by investigating long-term substitutes for rare elements in devices, or by finding new chemical methods to extract precious materials and reuse them – but we all can and must do more.

'As individuals, reuse and recycling are the best options available to us, but even if recycled it is still extremely difficult to recover some of these elements from unused devices.'

More than 2,000 people took part in an online survey which revealed that half of UK homes had at least one unused electronic device and 45 per cent of households had up to five (stock)

Jack Webster, mobile expert at www.sellmymobile.com, said of the findings: 'It's not too surprising that half of UK households have at least one unused electrical device, and 45 per cent have up to five, as often people are unaware how to dispose of unwanted electronics and don't feel comfortable simply 'throwing them away'.

'Many are also understandably cautious of recycling or throwing a phone away due to the worry that sensitive information or data previously stored within the device could still be accessible.

'Whilst performing a standard factory reset before taking a phone to a recycling tip is fairly sound advice, a lot of people will feel a degree of hesitance about the safety of their personal data.'

'By selling through a mobile recycler, or reseller, you know that the essential parts of a phone (such as Printed-Circuit-Boards and LCD screens) will be extracted and reused, and you will even get some cash for your trouble,' he added.

'By recycling, fewer brand new phones are actually needed as they can have second lives with new owners.

'Whilst it's obviously not ideal that new handsets are generally built with a short shelf-life – and this is something that manufacturers should be looking to change – the negative environmental impact that an unused phone has can be offset by recycling it.'

WHAT ARE THE USES OF RARE EARTH METALS?

Rare Earth metals, including Yttirium, have a variety of uses in the technological sector.

Most of their applications focus around building and developing high-end tech.

Yttirium - This metallic element is named after a Swedish town (Ytterby) where it was first discovered in the 18th Century.

Yttrium oxide accounts for the element's largest use.

The oxide, as well as yttrium vanadate is used with europium to make phosphors to create the red colour in television tubes.

It is used in lasers that can cut through metals and and in white LED lights.

Yttrium oxide is added to the glass used to make camera lenses to make them heat and shock resistant. It is also used to make superconductors.

Europium - Named after the continent on which it was discovered _Europe - this element has specialised uses.

As well as also being used in the production of the red colour in televisions, it can be used to create quantum memory chips to store information.

Europium is also used in the printing of euro banknotes. It glows red under UV light, and forgeries can be detected by the lack of this red glow.

Low-energy light bulbs contain a little europium to give a more natural light, by balancing the blue (cold) light with a little red (warm) light.

Terbium - This element was also discovered in the Swedish quarry in Ytterby.

An alloy of terbium, dysprosium and iron lengthens and shortens in a magnetic field.

This unusual property forms the basis of loudspeakers that sit on a flat surface, such as a window pane, which then acts as the speaker.

Dysprosium - Dysprosium is also used in nuclear reactor control rods.

It readily absorbs neutrons, and does not swell or contract when bombarded with neutrons for long periods.

At high temperatures, dysprosium resists demagnetisation.

Demagnetisation is the process of removing magnetic characteristics from an object.

This makes its alloys ideal for use in permanent magnets for motors, electric vehicles, generators, and wind turbines.