THE VIETNAM WAR APRIL 30th 1975 AMERICAs Bitter END - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

THE VIETNAM WAR APRIL 30th 1975 AMERICA's Bitter END. Presented by: PHANTHANH Music: If you go away. Please Click on your mouse to advance the slides...Turn the volume on to listen to the music!. Designer: Nguyen Phan Thanh.

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The people of South Viet Nam chose a President, Nguyen Van Thieu, a Vice President, Nguyen Cao Ky, and 60 Senators in a free election.

Nguyen Van Thieu served as the South Vietnamese chief of state under Nguyen Cao Ky from 1965-67. In 1967, he ran successfully for president of South Vietnam and held that position until the Fall of Saigon

As President, Thieu now gives every sign that this time he intends to be No. 1 in fact as well as in title.

Nixon also renewed a secret pledge to Thieu: he would "respond with full force" if the Communists broke the cease-fire. Thieu expected American air power to save him. But Nixon's own power was under attack in Washington

PRESIDENT NIXON, April 1973….

Mr. President, we have been allies in a long and difficult war. And now you can be sure that we stand with you as we continue to work together to build a lasting peace.

President Richard M. Nixon promised the Saigon government in 1972 and 1973 that the United States would "take swift and severe retaliatory action" and would "respond with full force" if North Vietnam violated the Paris cease-fire accord.

"Kissinger and Nixon did not level with the Congress as to the commitments that were made," said the retired four-star-admiral Zumwalt

"We prevailed upon Vietnamese President Thieu to accept a very bad truce. This truce permitted the enemy to remain in South Vietnam in exchange for something that was good for the United States and that was the total removal of our forces....” said the retired four-star-admiral Zumwalt

President Ford formally refused to give Congress copies of the Nixon - Thieu correspondence on the ground of diplomatic confidentiality.

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Nguyen Van Thieu chief of naval operations, were never communicated to the Congress.

Thieu, still believing that America would not abandon him, again pleaded for help. On April 2nd 1975, he met with Ambassador Martin and President Ford's special envoy. But by now, the Americans were losing faith in Thieu.

The U.S. was clearly looking harder than ever before for an honorable end to the war, and Saigon finally realized that the American commitment was not open-ended, which hastened South Viet Nam's plans for going on its own.

Just prior to the Fall of Saigon, Thieu emigrated to Taiwan before taking up residence in England.

He told Zhou Enlai that, for credibility reasons, the United States could not meet Hanoi's demand for the "overthrow" of South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu. But, once US forces had left Indochina, Kissinger declared, the White House would accept the results of historical change.

In Beijing on June 22, 1972, Kissinger told Zhou Enlai that the United States might accept a Communist takeover of South Vietnam if it occurred after a withdrawal of American troops. “…If we can live with a communist government in China we ought to be able to accept it in Indochina..."

After concluding most of a deal with the North Vietnamese 1972, Kissinger finally flew to Saigon "to present what he had done," which was, after all, to sketch a pact that would permit communist soldiers to remain on the soil of free Vietnam.

Thieu realized that Mr. Kissinger was coming to Saigon to demand his approval of a done deal

"Suddenly, I realized that things were being negotiated for us behind my back and without my approval," Mr. Isaacson quotes Mr. Thieu as recalling.

As the rumors flew, fear spread. Nobody knew what to believe and nobody wanted to be left behind.

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A World Airways jet with company president Ed Daley aboard made a perilous landing at Danang. He wanted to save women and children first, but desperate soldiers jammed into the airplane. They scrambled into the baggage compartment and clung to the stairway as the plane took off. It was the last American flight out of Danang.

Designer: Nguyen Phan Thanh

BETRAYED & ABANDONED made a perilous landing at Danang. He wanted to save women and children first, but desperate soldiers jammed into the airplane. They scrambled into the baggage compartment and clung to the stairway as the plane took off. It was the last American flight out of Danang.CIVILIAN REFUGEES DIED ALONG THE DEATH HIGHWAYS UNDER VIET CONG UNDISCRIMINATED ARTILLERY RAIN

Some soldiers put their wives and children aboard ships headed for safer areas in the South. Offshore, refugees were packed aboard rescue ships. Thousands drowned trying to flee, or were suffocated in the crush

By late afternoon April 29 here to get my reward as the fastest escapee?th 1975, most Americans and thousands of Vietnamese had reached the U.S. carriers offshore. Thousands more Vietnamese were waiting in Saigon.

COL. LEGRO: I felt that the United States had betrayed a trust that the United States had given South Vietnam. I also felt that I was personally betrayed; I had also made, implied promises, that the United States would honor the agreements we had made at the time of the cease-fire and then when things got really tough we really just cut and run.

COL. BUI TIN: When I saw fear on the faces of Minh and the others present, I said: "The war has ended today, and all Vietnamese are victors. Only the American imperialists are the vanquished. If you still have any feelings for the nation and the people, consider today a happy day."

He fell into the hands of the Communist force after he failed an attempt to kill himself. He told the enemy that he wouldn't surrender, and asked them to let him salute the ARVN colors with his uniform on before the execution.Colonel Can was publicly executed by the Communist firing squad after a quick summary trial at a Communist kangaroo court.

ARVN Major General NGUYEN KHOA NAM (1927-1975)

At 11:30 PM, 30 April 1975, General Nam killed himself after saying farewell to his staff and talking by telephone with General Le Van Hung, who had ended his life earlier.

ARVN General PHAM VAN PHU (1927-1975) His troops suffered heavy losses on the way of withdrawal to the coastal areas in April 1975. General Phu committed suicide on 30 April 1975 in Saigon.

ARVN Brigadier General LE NGUYEN VY (1933-1975), General Vy commander of the 5th Infantry Division at Lai Khe. committed suicide by a pistol at 11:00 AM, 30 April 1975 at the division headquarters in Lai Khe.

ARVN Brigardier General TRAN VAN HAI (1927-1975)

At midnight,30 April 1975, he committed suicide at the Division Headquarters, Dong Tam Army Base.

ARVN Brigadier General LE VAN HUNG (1933-1975)

Said farewell to his men, his wife and children before he killed himself by a .45 pistol. It was 8:45 PM, 30 April 1975.

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"Why don't these people die fast" and after April 30, 1975, estimated at several hundreds. Some famous cases were fully recorded as follows.Henri Kissinger (referring to South Vietnam's struggle against Hanoi military attack after Da Nang retreat)

Designer: Nguyen Phan Thanh

April 30th 1975 and after April 30, 1975, estimated at several hundreds. Some famous cases were fully recorded as follows.

Designer: Nguyen Phan Thanh

The End and after April 30, 1975, estimated at several hundreds. Some famous cases were fully recorded as follows.