Nuremberg Laws

Reich Citizenship Law of 15.September 1935

The Reichstag has unanimously enacted the following law, which is promulgated herewith:

Article 1

1. A [German] national is a person who enjoys the protection of the German Reich and who accordingly has specific obligations toward it.

2. The status of ‘German national’ is acquired in accordance with the provisions of the Reich’s Citizenship and Nationality Laws.

Article 2

1. A citizen of the Reich is a German national who is of German or kindred blood only, and proves by his conduct that he is willing and fit to faithfully serve the German people and Reich.

2. Reich citizenship is acquired through the granting of a Reich citizenship certificate.

3. A citizen of the Reich is the sole bearer of full political rights in accordance with the law.

Article 3

The Reich Minister of the Interior, in conjunction with the Deputy of the Führer, will issue the legal and administrative orders required to implement and complete this law.

First Decree as to the Reich Citizenship Law

In accordance with Article 3 of the Reich Citizenship Law of 15.September 1935, the following is decreed:

Article 1

1. Until further rules regarding citizenship papers are issued, all German nationals of German or kindred blood who had the right to vote in the Reichstag elections at the time the Citizenship Law came into effect shall for the time being have the rights of Reich citizens. The same shall be true of those to whom the Reich Minister of the Interior, in conjunction with the Deputy of the Führer, has given preliminary citizenship.

2. The Reich Minister of the Interior, in conjunction with the Deputy of the Führer, can withdraw this preliminary citizenship.

Article 2

1. The regulations in Article 1 are also valid for Reich subjects of mixed Jewish blood.

2. An individual of mixed Jewish blood is one who is descended from one or two grandparents who were racially full Jews, insofar as he or she does not count as a Jew according to Article 5, paragraph 2. A grandparent shall be considered full-blooded if he or she belonged to the Jewish religious community.

Article 3

Only a citizen of the the Reich, as the holder of full political rights, can exercise the right to vote in political affairs or can hold public office. The Reich Minister of the Interior, or any agency empowered by him, can make exceptions during the transition period, with regard to occupation of public office. The affairs of religious organizations will not be affected.

Article 4

1. A Jew cannot be a citizen of the Reich. He has no right to vote in political affairs and hecannot occupy public office.

2. Jewish officials will retire as of 31 December 1935. If these officials served at the front in the World War, either for Germany or her allies, they will receive in full, until they reach the age limit, the pension to which they were entitled according to the salary they last received; they will, however, not advance in seniority. After reaching the age limit, their pensions will be calculated anew, according to the salary last received, on the basis of which their pension was computed.

3. The affairs of religious organizations will not be affected.

4. The conditions of service of teachers in Jewish public schools remain unchanged until new regulations for the Jewish school systems are issued.

Article 5

1. A Jew is anyone who is descended from at least three grandparents who are racially full Jews. Article 2, para. 2, second sentence will apply.

2. A Jew is also one who is descended from two full Jewish grandparents, if he or she (a) belonged to the Jewish religious community at the time this law was issued, or joined the community later, (b) was married to a Jewish person at the time the law was issued, or married one subsequently, (c) is the offspring of a marriage with a Jew, in the sense of Section I, which was contracted after the Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor became effective, (d) is the offspring of an extramarital relationship with a Jew, according to Section I, and will be born out of wedlock after 31 July 1936.

Article 6

1. Requirements for the pureness of blood as laid down in Reich Law or in orders of the NSDAP and its offices – not covered in Article 5 – will not be affected.

2. Any exceptions to the rules for the pureness of blood not covered in Article 5 can be made only by permission of the Reich Minister of the Interior and the Deputy Führer. If any such applications have been made, they will be void as of 1 January 1936 if they have not been acted on by the Reich Minister of the Interior in agreement with the Deputy Führer. Such applications must be made to the Reich Minister of the Interior.

Article 7

The Führer and Reich Chancellor can grant exemptions from the regulations laid down in the law.

————– Berlin, 14. November 1935

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Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor of 15. September 1935

On the grounds that the purity of German blood is the essential condition for the continued existence of the German people, and inspired by an uncompromising determination to ensure the existence of the German nation for all time, the Reichstag has unanimously adopted the following law, which is promulgated herewith:

Article 1

1. Marriages between Jews and citizens of German or kindred blood are forbidden. Any such marriages are invalid, even if concluded abroad to circumvent this law.

2. Annulment proceedings can be initiated only by the state prosecutor.

Article 2

Extramarital relations between Jews and citizens of German or kindred blood are forbidden.

Article 3

Jews may not employ in their households female citizens of German or kindred blood who are under 45 years old.

Article 4

1. Jews are forbidden to fly the Reich flag or national flag or display Reich colors.

2. They are, on the other hand, permitted to display the Jewish colors. The exercise of this right is protected by the state.

Article 5

1. Any person who violates the prohibition under Article 1 will be punished with a prison sentence.

2. A male who violates the prohibition under Article 2 will be punished with a jail term or a prison sentence.

3. Any person violating the provisions under Articles 3 or 4 will be punished with a jail term of up to one year and a fine, or with one or the other of these penalties.

Article 6

The Reich Minister of the Interior, in coordination with the Deputy of the Führer and the Reich Minister of Justice, will issue the legal and administrative regulations required to implement and complete this law.

Article 7

The law takes effect on the day following promulgation, except for Article 3, which goes into force on 1. January 1936.

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First Decree implementing the Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor

In accordance with Article 6 of the Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor of September 15, 1935 the following is decreed:

Article 1.

1. ‘National’ means ‘German national’ when referred to in the Reich Citizenship Law.

2. Jewish mischling status is determined by Article 2, paragraph 2 of the First Decree Implementing the Reich Citizenship Law, 14 November 1935

3. Jewish status is determined by Article 5 of the above mentioned Decree