# -*- mode: org; coding: utf-8 -*-#+STARTUP: showall# examples of card definitions for use with org-drill.# Cards, AKA topics, have the 'drill' tag. Note that the higher-level headings# in the file do NOT have this tag.*Spanishquestions**Greetings# Simple cards. When each card is presented, all subheadings are collapsed, but# the text under the topic's main heading remains visible.***Greeting1:drill:TranslateintoSpanish:Whatisyourname?(formal)****Answer¿Cómosellamausted?****Notesllamar=tobenamed***Greeting2:drill:TranslateintoSpanish:Whatisyourname?(informal)****Answer¿Cómotellamas?****Notesllamar=tobenamed**Grammarrules1# More simple cards -- here the question and answer are produced purely using# cloze deletion of test in [square brackets], without the need to hide any# subtopics (though they WILL still be hidden if present).# If the text between the brackets contains a `|' character, everything after# that character is considered to be a `hint', and will remain visible when the# rest of the clozed text is hidden.# Set the variable `org-drill-use-visible-cloze-face-p' to `t' if you want# cloze-deleted text to be shown in a special face when you are editing org# mode buffers.***GrammarRule:drill:Toformthepluralofanounendinginaconsonant,add[-es]totheend.***GrammarRule:drill:Tomakethepluralofanadjectiveendingin[astressedvoweloraconsonantotherthan-z],add/-es/.**Grammarrules2# An example of a 'hide1cloze' card. One of the areas marked with square# brackets will be hidden (chosen at random), the others will remain visible.# This card also illustrates the use of hints inside clozed text. Note how# during testing, the hint text `gender' is invisible unless its clozed text# area is being hidden, in which case that text is replaced by `[gender...]'***GrammarRule:drill::PROPERTIES::DRILL_CARD_TYPE:hide1cloze:END:Toform[anadverb]fromanadjective,add[-mente]tothe[feminine|gender]formoftheadjective.**Vocabulary# Examples of 'twosided' cards. These are 'flip cards' where one of the# first 2 'sides' (subheadings) is presented at random, while all others stay# hidden.# There is another builtin card type called 'multisided'. These are like# 'twosided' cards, but can have any number of sides. So we could extend the# examples below by changing their type to multisided and adding a third# subheading which contains an inline image.***Noun:drill::PROPERTIES::DRILL_CARD_TYPE:twosided:END:Translatethisword.****Spanishelgato****Englishthecat****Examplesentence*Elgato*sesentóenlaestera.*Thecat*satonthemat.***Noun:drill::PROPERTIES::DRILL_CARD_TYPE:hide1cloze:END:Sp:[elperro]En:[thedog]****ExamplesentenceCuidadocon*elperro*.Bewareof*thedog*.***Noun:drill::PROPERTIES::DRILL_CARD_TYPE:multisided:END:****Spanishlamanzana****Englishtheapple****PictureTheSpanishwordfor...[[file:apple.jpg][Picture]]***Adjective:drill::PROPERTIES::DRILL_CARD_TYPE:twosided:END:Translatethisword.****Spanishcaliente****Englishhot****ExamplesentenceElaguaestámuycaliente.Thewaterisveryhot.**Verbs[[RegularVerb:bailar][Below]]isanexampleofacomplexdrillitem.Themainitemisitselfadrillitemwhichtestsyourabilitytotranslate'bailar'toandfromEnglish(whichdirectionischosenatrandom).Theitemhasseveralchilditems,someofwhichcontainnotesabouttheverb,othersofwhichareseparatedrillitemsrelatingtotheverb.Inthisexample,allofthechilddrillitemstestverbconjugation,andhavethe'conjugate'cardtype.Whichtensetotestisspecifiedbythe=VERB_TENSE=propertyineachitem,andtheinformationabouttheverbisretrievedfromtheparent's=VERB_INFINITIVE=,=VERB_TRANSLATION=and=VERB_INFINITIVE_HINT=properties.Someoftheconjugationitemsareempty--thisallowstheusertopastinconjugationsastheyarelearned.Theywillautomaticallybeexcludedfromdrillsessionsaslongastheirbodiesremainempty.Followingthisitemisan[[OldStyleVerb][example]]oftheolder"spanish_verb"cardtype.Thisisnotassophisticatedorusefulasthefirstexample,butisintendedtodemonstratehowafunctioncancontrolwhichsubheadingsarevisiblewhenanitemistested.***RegularVerb:bailar:verb:drill::PROPERTIES::VERB_INFINITIVE:"bailar":VERB_TRANSLATION:"to dance":DRILL_CARD_TYPE:hide1cloze:DATE_ADDED:[2011-04-30Sat]:VERB_INFINITIVE_HINT:"b...":END:Sp:[bailar]En:[todance](verb)****NotesThisisaregularverb.****ExamplesBailéconminovia.Idancedwithmygirlfriend.****PresentIndicativetense:verb:drill::PROPERTIES::VERB_TENSE:"present indicative":DRILL_CARD_TYPE:conjugate:END:|yo|bailo||tú|bailas||él/usted|baila||nosotros|bailamos||vosotros|bailáis||ellos/ustedes|bailan|****Participles:verb:drill:Presentparticipleofbailar:[bailando]Pastparticipleofbailar:[bailado]****Preteritetense:verb:drill::PROPERTIES::VERB_TENSE:"preterite":DRILL_CARD_TYPE:conjugate:END:|yo|bailé||tú|bailaste||él/usted|bailó||nosotros|bailamos||vosotros|bailasteis||ellos/ustedes|bailaron|****Imperfecttense:verb:drill::PROPERTIES::VERB_TENSE:"imperfect":DRILL_CARD_TYPE:conjugate:END:****Futuretense:verb:drill::PROPERTIES::VERB_TENSE:"future":DRILL_CARD_TYPE:conjugate:END:***OldStyleVerb:drill::PROPERTIES::DRILL_CARD_TYPE:spanish_verb:END:****Infinitivecantar****Englishtosing****PresentTense|yocanto|nosotroscantamos||túcantas|vosotroscantáis||élcanta|elloscantan|****PastTense|yocanté|nosotroscantamos||túcantaste|vosotroscantasteis||élcantó|elloscantaron|****FuturePerfectTense|yocantaré|nosotroscantaremos||túcantarás|vosotroscantaréis||élcantarán|elloscantarán|****NotesRegularverb.**SentencesItisgenerallyalotharderforlanguagestudentstotranslate/to/theforeignlanguage,thantotranslate/from/it.Thisisbecausewhenyouseeasentenceintheforeignlanguage,youcanoftengetthesenseofthesentencebyrecognisingthenounsandverbs;oncethisisachieved,combiningthemintoagrammaticallycorrectsentenceinyournativetongueisautomaticandeffortless.However,intheotherdirection,notonlydoyouhavetorecallthecorrectnouns,verbsandsoon,butyoualsohavetoputthewordsintherightorderandgetallthegrammarand"in-between words"correct.Therefore,ifyouarelearningalanguageyoushouldgenerallytestyourabilitytotranslateintothelanguage,moreoftenthanyoutestyourabilityintheotherdirection.Thefollowingisanexampleofthecardtype=hide1_firstmore=.Thiscardtypeworkslike=hide1cloze=butthe/first/clozedtextareaisguaranteedtobehidden75%ofthetime.Thesecondexampleisofasimilarcardtype,=show1_firstless=.Hereonly1clozedtextareaisvisibleduringtesting.75%ofthetime,the/first/areaisguaranteedtobeoneofthehiddenareas.***Sentence:drill::PROPERTIES::DRILL_CARD_TYPE:hide1_firstmore:END:Sp:[Lamujercuyoperroestamosbuscandoesmijefe.]En:[Thewomanwhosedogwe’reseekingismyboss.]***Adverb:drill::PROPERTIES::DRILL_CARD_TYPE:show1_firstless:END:Sp:[entre]En:[between]or[among]**RandomNumbersBelowisanexampleofacardthatteststheuser'sabilitytotranslaterandomwholenumberstoandfromanon-Englishlanguage.Forittoworkcorrectly,youmusthavethethirdpartylibrary[[http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/spell-number.el][spell-number.el]] installed and loaded.Themeaningoftheitem'spropertiesisasfollows:-=DRILL_LANGUAGE=:anylanguagerecognisedbyspell-number.el.Atthetimeofwritingtheseinclude:catalan,danish,dutch,english-eur,english-gb,english-us,esperanto,finnish,french-fr,french-ch,german,italian,japanese,norwegian,portuguese-br,portuguese-pt,spanishandswedish.-=DRILL_NUMBER_MIN=and=DRILL_NUMBER_MAX=:therangebetweenwhichtherandomnumberwillfall.***RandomNumber20-99:drill::PROPERTIES::DRILL_NUMBER_MIN:20:DRILL_NUMBER_MAX:99:DRILL_LANGUAGE:spanish:DRILL_CARD_TYPE:translate_number:END:# This comment is included so that the item body is non-empty. Items with# empty bodies are skipped during drill sessions.