To make sense of commitments in contracts, citizens need to understand the full body of contracts that have been signed since each agreement adds new layers of complexity to the initial deal. Unfortunately, the structure of the contracting regime in Mongolia is largely hidden.

The law provides very simple and clear targets, making it relatively easy for citizens to identify deviations. By capturing all state institutions in the fiscal rule, they will now have fewer opportunities to borrow beyond loans approved in the budget. If implemented in full, the law could chart a clear path for restoring fiscal discipline to Ghana’s public finances. But there are ways to make it stronger.

In countries rich in oil, gas or minerals—like Nigeria and Tunisia—electoral campaigns are fresh opportunities for political parties and candidates to dive into different aspects of the debate around resource governance; develop long-term policy positions; share them with voters; and raise public awareness on resource-related issues crucial to a meaningful and sustainable development.