You might have heard of pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) that include delays in how a child typically develops, problems with socializing and communicating, trouble when a routine changes, and repetitive movements and behaviors

Children on the spectrum may repeat certain types of play, have trouble with “make believe,” and be more interested in parts of a toy, rather than the toy itself. They need strict schedules and don’t like changes to their routines.

Keep in mind that the spectrum has a wide range. Some people with an ASD live on their own, go to school, and hold a job. You might not know that they have a condition. Others have severe disabilities. And many are somewhere between those two ends of the spectrum.

Causes

Finding all the causes of ASDs is a big topic of research. Scientists know that genetics are one of the risk factors. But they don’t have all of the answers yet. There’s not one “autism gene” that’s at work. Many things, in addition to genes, may be involved.

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Diagnosis and Treatment

To make the diagnosis, doctors observe the child and ask questions of the parents or guardians about the child’s behaviors. There is no lab test for an autism spectrum disorder.

The key is to find out as soon possible if a child is on the spectrum. That way, you can line up resources to help your child reach his full potential. The sooner that starts, the better.

There are medications to help children with symptoms. Medication works best when paired with therapy that develops socialization and other life skills.

Keep in mind that someone who’s on the spectrum experiences the world differently. Their victories and challenges might be very different from yours. It helps to appreciate them as they are, with their own unique personalities and interests, while you get them the support and skills that could make a big difference in their future.