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The Florence and Herbert Irving South Asian Galleries (Gallery 234 through Gallery 243) represent India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. They primarily trace the development of the sculptural arts associated with the temples and shrines of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. The arts of the Indian subcontinent are represented from early centuries B.C. up to around the sixteenth century, and encompass all the major regional and dynastic styles.

Highlight areas include early arts of Shunga India, Buddhist art of the Gandharan and Amaravati regions, the Kushan and Gupta dynasties of northern India, the Kashmiri kingdoms, Pala eastern India, Pandyan and Chola south India, and medieval northern India.