Sample records for monopoles electric dipoles

During the grand finale of the Cassini mission, the Radio and Plasma Wave Science instrument will be used to assess the risk involved in exposing the instruments to the dusty environment around the F and D rings. More specifically, the slope of the size distribution and the dust density will be determined based on the signals induced on the electric antennas by dust impacts. To reduce the uncertainties in the generation mechanism of the dust impact signals and the resulting dust properties based on the interpretation of data, we designed and carried out experiments in late 2015, when we switched antenna mode from monopole to dipole at the ring plane crossings. Comparison of the data collected with these two antenna setups provides valuable hints on how the dust impact signals are generated in each antenna mode.

Recently, we have discussed the coexistence of a finite energy one-half monopole and a 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole of opposite magnetic charges. In this paper, we would like to introduce electric charge into this new monopoles configuration, thus creating a one-and-a-half dyon. This new dyon possesses finite energy, magnetic dipole moment, and angular momentum and is able to precess in the presence of an external magnetic field. Similar to the other dyon solutions, when the Higgs self-coupling constant, λ, is nonvanishing, this new dyon solution possesses critical electric charge, total energy, magnetic dipolemoment, and dipole separation as the electric charge parameter, η, approaches 1. The electric charge and total energy increase with η to maximum critical values as η → 1 for all nonvanishing λ. However, the magnetic dipole moment decreases with η when λ ≥ 0.1 and the dipole separation decreases with η when λ ≥ 1 to minimum critical values as η → 1. (orig.)

Excited states in 62Ni were populated with a (p, p') reaction using the 14UD Pelletron accelerator at the Australian National University. Electricmonopole transition strengths, ρ2(E0), were measured through simultaneous detection of the internal conversion electrons and γ rays emitted from the de-excitation of populated states, using the Super-e spectrometer coupled with a germanium detector. The strength of the 02+ to 01+ transition has been measured to be 77-34+23 × 10-3 and agrees with previously reported values. Upper limits have been placed on the 03+ to 01+ and 03+ to 02+ transitions. The measured ρ2(E0) value of the 22+ to 21+ transition in 62Ni has been measured for the first time and found to be one of the largest ρ2(E0) values measured to date in nuclei heavier than Ca. The low-lying states of 62Ni have previously been classified as one- and two-phonon vibrational states based on level energies. The measured electric quadrupole transition strengths are consistent with this interpretation. However as electricmonopole transitions are forbidden between states which differ by one phonon number, the simple harmonic quadrupole vibrational picture is not suffcient to explain the large ρ2(E0) value for the 22+ to 21+ transition.

Full Text Available Excited states in 62Ni were populated with a (p, p’ reaction using the 14UD Pelletron accelerator at the Australian National University. Electricmonopole transition strengths, ρ2(E0, were measured through simultaneous detection of the internal conversion electrons and γ rays emitted from the de-excitation of populated states, using the Super-e spectrometer coupled with a germanium detector. The strength of the 02+ to 01+ transition has been measured to be 77−34+23 × 10−3 and agrees with previously reported values. Upper limits have been placed on the 03+ to 01+ and 03+ to 02+ transitions. The measured ρ2(E0 value of the 22+ to 21+ transition in 62Ni has been measured for the first time and found to be one of the largest ρ2(E0 values measured to date in nuclei heavier than Ca. The low-lying states of 62Ni have previously been classified as one- and two-phonon vibrational states based on level energies. The measured electric quadrupole transition strengths are consistent with this interpretation. However as electricmonopole transitions are forbidden between states which differ by one phonon number, the simple harmonic quadrupole vibrational picture is not suffcient to explain the large ρ2(E0 value for the 22+ to 21+ transition.

We describe a simple but efficient method for deriving a consistent set of monopole and dipole corrections for multi-frequency sky map data sets, allowing robust parametric component separation with the same data set. The computational core of this method is linear regression between pairs of frequency maps, often called "T-T plots". Individual contributions from monopole and dipole terms are determined by performing the regression locally in patches on the sky, while the degeneracy between different frequencies is lifted when ever the dominant foreground component exhibits a significant spatial spectral index variation. Based on this method, we present two different, but each internally consistent, sets of monopole and dipole coefficients for the 9-year WMAP, Planck 2013, SFD 100 um, Haslam 408 MHz and Reich & Reich 1420 MHz maps. The two sets have been derived with different analysis assumptions and data selection, and provides an estimate of residual systematic uncertainties. In general, our values are...

Three novel electrically small antenna configurations radiating a TE10 spherical mode corresponding to a magnetic dipole are presented and investigated: multiarm spherical helix (MSH) antenna, spherical split ring resonator (S-SRR) antenna, and spherical split ring (SSR) antenna. All three antennas...... are self-resonant, with the input resistance tuned to 50 ohms by an excitation curved dipole/monopole. A prototype of the SSR antenna has been fabricated and measured, yielding results that are consistent with the numerical simulations. Radiation quality factors (Q) of these electrically small antennas (in...

We describe a simple but efficient method for deriving a consistent set of monopole and dipole corrections for multi-frequency sky map data sets, allowing robust parametric component separation with the same data set. The computational core of this method is linear regression between pairs of frequency maps, often called T-T plots. Individual contributions from monopole and dipole terms are determined by performing the regression locally in patches on the sky, while the degeneracy between different frequencies is lifted whenever the dominant foreground component exhibits a significant spatial spectral index variation. Based on this method, we present two different, but each internally consistent, sets of monopole and dipole coefficients for the nine-year WMAP, Planck 2013, SFD 100 μm, Haslam 408 MHz and Reich & Reich 1420 MHz maps. The two sets have been derived with different analysis assumptions and data selection, and provide an estimate of residual systematic uncertainties. In general, our values are in good agreement with previously published results. Among the most notable results are a relative dipole between the WMAP and Planck experiments of 10-15μK (depending on frequency), an estimate of the 408 MHz map monopole of 8.9 ± 1.3 K, and a non-zero dipole in the 1420 MHz map of 0.15 ± 0.03 K pointing towards Galactic coordinates (l,b) = (308°,-36°) ± 14°. These values represent the sum of any instrumental and data processing offsets, as well as any Galactic or extra-Galactic component that is spectrally uniform over the full sky.

Searches for a permanent ElectricDipole Moment (EDM) of a fundamental particle provide a wide window for the discovery of potential New Physics. Within todays Standard Model in particle physics the well established violation of CP symmetry gives rise to EDMs which are several orders of magnitude be

The incentive to detect particle electricdipole-moments, as a window on time-reversal violation, remains undiminished. Efforts to improve the measurements for the neutron, the electron and some nuclei are still making rapid progress as more powerful experimental methods are brought to bear. A new measurement for the neutron at ILL is presented. (author). 7 refs.

We present a method aimed at separating the motion-induced dipole of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from the intrinsic, primordial dipole component. We show that in a moving frame, the leakage of an intrinsic dipole moment into the CMB monopole and quadrupole induces spectral distortions with distinct frequency functions that respectively peak at 266 GHz and 310 GHz at $\\sim 10$nK level. The leakage into the quadrupole moment also induces a geometrical distortion to the spatial morphology of this mode. The combination of these effects can be used to lift the degeneracy between the motion-induced dipole and any intrinsic dipole that the CMB might possess. The leakage of an intrinsic dipole of order $\\sim 10^{-5}$ into the monopole and quadrupole moments will be detectable by a PIXIE--like experiment at $\\sim 6\\sigma$ at the peak frequency.

The current density of a moving electricdipole is expressed as the sum of polarization and magnetization currents. The magnetic field due to the latter current is that of a magnetic dipole moment that is consistent with the relativistic transformations of the polarization and magnetization of macroscopic electrodynamics.

We study theoretically the transport properties of a three-dimensional spin texture made from three orthogonal helices, which is essentially a lattice of monopole-antimonopole pairs connected by skyrmion strings. This spin structure is proposed for MnGe based on neutron scattering experiments as well as Lorentz transmission electron microscopy observations. Equipped with a sophisticated spectral analysis method, we adopt the finite temperature Green's function technique to calculate the longitudinal dc electric transport in such a system. We consider conduction electrons interacting with spin waves of the topologically nontrivial spin texture, wherein fluctuations of monopolar emergent magnetic fields enter. We study in detail the behavior of electric resistivity under the influence of temperature, external magnetic field, and a characteristic monopole motion, especially a novel magnetoresistivity effect describing the latest experimental observations in MnGe, wherein a topological phase transition signifying strong correlations is identified.

The axion electromagnetic anomaly induces an oscillating electricdipole for any static magnetic dipole. Static electricdipoles do not produce oscillating magnetic moments. This is a low energy theorem which is a consequence of the space-time dependent cosmic background field of the axion. The electron will acquire an oscillating electricdipole of frequency $m_a$ and strength $\\sim 10^{-32}$ e-cm, two orders of magnitude above the nucleon, and within four orders of magnitude of the present standard model DC limit. This may suggest sensitive new experimental venues for the axion dark matter search.

Based on the C-mapping topological current theory and the decomposition of gauge potential theory, the vortex lines and the monopoles in electrically conducting plasmas are studied.It is pointed out that these two topological structures respectively inhere in two-dimensional and three-dimensional topological currents, which can be derived from the same topological term , and both these topological structures are characterized by the φ-mapping topological numbers-Hopf indices and Brouwer degrees.Furthermore, the spatial bifurcation of vortex lines and the generation and annihilation of monopoles are also discussed.At last, we point out that the Hopf invariant is a proper topological invariant to describe the knotted solitons.

The time evolution of a two-level quantum mechanical system can be geometrically described using the Bloch sphere. By mapping the Bloch sphere evolution onto the dynamics of oscillating electricdipoles, we provide a physically intuitive link between classical electromagnetism and the electricdipole transitions of atomic & molecular physics.

of 72 ohms is numerically investigated and its performance is compared to that of the multiarm spherical helix antenna of the same size. Both antennas yield equal quality factors, which are about 1.5 times the Chu lower bound, but quite different cross-polarization characteristics.......This paper introduces a novel electrically small spherical meander antenna. Horizontal sections of the meander are composed of wire loops, radii of which are chosen so that the whole structure is conformal to a sphere of radius a. To form the meander the loops are connected by wires at a meridian...... plane. The antenna operates as an electricdipole, i.e. it radiates the TM10 spherical mode. The antenna is self-resonant and can be matched to a wide range of input feed lines without an external matching network. In this paper, a spherical meander antenna of the size ka = 0.27 and the input impedance...

A tensor product generalisation of B\\wedge F theories is proposed to give a Bogomol'nyi structure. Non-singular, stable, finite-energy particle-like solutions to the Bogomol'nyi equations are studied. Unlike Yang-Mills(-Higgs) theory, the Bogomol'nyi structure does not appear as a perfect square in the Lagrangian. Consequently, the Bogomol'nyi energy can be obtained in more than one way. The added flexibility permits electricmonopole solutions to the field equations.

[Background] Various cluster states of astrophysical interest are expected to exist in the excited states of $^{28}{\\rm Si}$. However, they have not been identified firmly, because of the experimental and theoretical difficulties. [Purpose] To establish the $^{24}$Mg+$\\alpha$, $^{16}$O+$^{12}$C and $^{20}$Ne+2$\\alpha$ cluster bands, we theoretically search for the negative-parity cluster bands that are paired with the positive-parity bands to constitute the inversion doublets. We also offer the isoscalar monopole and dipole transitions as a promising probe for the clustering. We numerically show that these transition strengths from the ground state to the cluster states are very enhanced. [Method] The antisymmetrized molecular dynamics with Gogny D1S effective interaction is employed to calculate the excited states of $^{28}{\\rm Si}$. The isoscalar monopole and dipole transition strengths are directly evaluated from wave functions of the ground and excited states. [Results] Negative-parity bands having $^{24}...

Electricmonopole (E 0) transition strengths are a sensitive probe for investigating nuclear structure and shape coexistence. There is a need for E 0 transition strengths in closed shell nuclei in order to develop our understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the generation of electricmonopole strength. Simultaneous detections of γ rays and internal conversion electrons must be measured in order to determine an E 0 transition strength. A series of measurements in the stable nickel isotopes were performed at the Australian National University. Excited states in 58 , 60 , 62Ni were populated via inelastic proton scattering. The CAESAR array of Compton-suppressed HPGe detectors was used to measure the (E 2 / M 1) mixing ratio of transitions from angular distributions of γ rays. The Super-e spectrometer was used to measure electron-gamma branching ratios in order to extract E 0 transition strengths for a number of Jπ ->Jπ transitions. An overview of the experiments will be presented, along with preliminary results for E 0 transition strengths between Jπ ≠ 0 states in the semi-magic nuclei, 58 , 60 , 62Ni. A comparison with the matrix elements obtained from a new microscopic model for E 0 transitions will be made. This work was supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).

We introduce and demonstrate the concept of detuned electricaldipoles (DED) that originates from the plasmonic realization of the dressed-state picture of electromagnetically induced transparency in atomic physics. Numerically and experimentally analyzing DED metamaterials consisting of unit cells...

We introduce and demonstrate the concept of detuned electricaldipoles (DED) that originates from the plasmonic realization of the dressed-state picture of electromagnetically induced transparency in atomic physics. Numerically and experimentally analyzing DED metamaterials consisting of unit cells...

In this study, the axion electromagnetic anomaly induces an oscillating electricdipole for any magnetic dipole. This is a low energy theorem which is a consequence of the space-time dependent cosmic background field of the axion. The electron will acquire an oscillating electricdipole of frequency ma> and strength ~ 10-32 e-cm, within four orders of magnitude of the present standard model DC limit, and two orders of magnitude above the nucleon, assuming standard axion model and dark matter parameters. This may suggest sensitive new experimental venues for the axion dark matter search.

Electricmonopole (E0) properties are studied across the entire nuclear mass surface. Besides an introductory discussion of various model results (shell model, geometric vibrational and rotational models, algebraic models), we point out that many of the largest E0 transition strengths, $\\rho^2$(E0), are associated with shape mixing. We discuss in detail the manifestation of E0 transitions and present extensive data for~: single-closed shell nuclei, vibrational nuclei, well-deformed nuclei, nuclei that exhibit sudden ground-state changes, and nuclei that exhibit shape coexistence and intruder states. We also give attention to light nuclei, odd-A nuclei, and illustrate a suggested relation between $\\rho^2$(E0) and isotopic shifts.

The isoscalar monopole (ISM) and dipole (ISD) excitations in 12C are investigated theoretically with the shifted antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) plus 3 α -cluster generator coordinate method (GCM). The small-amplitude vibration modes are described by coherent one-particle one-hole excitations expressed by a small shift of single-nucleon Gaussian wave functions within the AMD framework, whereas the large-amplitude cluster modes are incorporated by superposing 3 α -cluster wave functions in the GCM. The coupling of the excitations in the intrinsic frame with the rotation and parity transformation is taken into account microscopically by the angular-momentum and parity projections. The present a calculation that describes the ISM and ISD excitations over a wide energy region covering cluster modes in the low-energy region and the giant resonances in the high-energy region, although the quantitative description of the high-energy part is not satisfactory. The low-energy ISM and ISD strengths of the cluster modes are enhanced by the distance motion between α clusters, and they split into a couple of states because of the angular motion of α clusters. The low-energy ISM strengths exhaust 26% of the energy-weighted sum rule, which is consistent with the experimental data for the 12C(02+; 7.65 MeV) and 12C(03+; 10.3 MeV) measured by (e ,e') ,(α ,α') , and (6Li,6Li' ) scatterings. In the calculated low-energy ISD strengths, two 1- states (the 11- and 12- states) with the significant strengths are obtained over E =10 -15 MeV. The results indicate that the ISD excitations can be a good probe to experimentally search for new cluster states such as the 12C(12-) obtained in the present calculation.

It is demonstrated, owing to the nonlinearity of QED, that a static charge placed in a strong magnetic field\\ $B$\\ is a magnetic dipole (besides remaining an electricmonopole, as well). Its magnetic moment grows linearly with $B$ as long as the latter remains smaller than the characteristic value of $1.2\\cdot 10^{13}\\unit{G}$ but tends to a constant as $B$ exceeds that value. The force acting on a densely charged object by the dipole magnetic field of a neutron star is estimated.

Recently we have carried out some work on the Cho decomposition of the electrically neutral, finite energy one-half monopole solution of the SU(2) Yang-Mills-Higgs field theory. In this paper, we performed the decomposition of the electrically charged solution using the same numerical procedure. The gauge potential of the one-half dyon solution is decomposed into Abelian and non-Abelian components. The semi-infinite string singularity in the gauge potential is a contribution of the Higgs field and hence topological in nature. The string singularity cannot be cancelled by the non-Abelian components of the gauge potential. However, the string singularity is integrable and the energy of the solution is finite. By decomposing the magnetic fields and covariant derivatives of the Higgs field into three isospin space directions, we are able to provide conclusive evidence that the constructed one-half dyon is certainly a non-BPS solution even in the limit of vanishing Higgs self-coupling constant and electric charge. Furthermore, we found that the time component of gauge function is parallel to the Higgs field in isospace only at large distances, elsewhere they are non-parallel.

Microstrip-patch-style antennas that generate monopole radiation patterns similar to those of quarter-wave whip antennas can be designed to have dimensions smaller than those needed heretofore for this purpose, by taking advantage of a feed configuration different from the conventional one. The large sizes necessitated by the conventional feed configuration have, until now, made such antennas impractical for frequencies below about 800 MHz: for example, at 200 MHz, the conventional feed configuration necessitates a patch diameter of about 8 ft (.2.4 m) . too large, for example, for mounting on the roof of an automobile or on a small or medium-size aircraft. By making it possible to reduce diameters to between a tenth and a third of that necessitated by the conventional feed configuration, the modified configuration makes it possible to install such antennas in places where they could not previously be installed and thereby helps to realize the potential advantages (concealment and/or reduction of aerodynamic drag) of microstrip versus whip antennas. In both the conventional approach and the innovative approach, a microstrip-patch (or microstrip-patch-style) antenna for generating a monopole radiation pattern includes an electrically conductive patch or plate separated from an electrically conductive ground plane by a layer of electrically insulating material. In the conventional approach, the electrically insulating layer is typically a printed-circuit board about 1/16 in. (.1.6 mm) thick. Ordinarily, a coaxial cable from a transmitter, receiver, or transceiver is attached at the center on the ground-plane side, the shield of the cable being electrically connected to the ground plane. In the conventional approach, the coaxial cable is mated with a connector mounted on the ground plane. The center pin of this connector connects to the center of the coaxial cable and passes through a hole in the ground plane and a small hole in the insulating layer and then connects

Good antenna-mode coupling is needed for determining the amount of propellant in a tank through the method of radio frequency mass gauging (RFMG). The antenna configuration and position in a tank are important factors in coupling the antenna to the natural electromagnetic modes. In this study, different monopole and dipole antenna mounting configurations and positions were modeled and responses simulated in a full-scale tank model with the transient solver of CST Microwave Studio (CST Computer Simulation Technology of America, Inc.). The study was undertaken to qualitatively understand the effect of antenna design and placement within a tank on the resulting radio frequency (RF) tank spectrum.

A benchmark experiment on 208Pb shows that polarized proton inelastic scattering at very forward angles including 0{\\deg} is a powerful tool for high-resolution studies of electricdipole (E1) and spin magnetic dipole (M1) modes in nuclei over a broad excitation energy range testing up-to-date nuclear model calculations. The E1 polarizability extracted from the data provides a constraint on the neutron skin thickness in 208Pb and the poorly known density dependence of the symmetry energy, relevant to the description of neutron stars.

We study the dynamics of a slow (v/c {approx} 10{sup -4}) Dirac magnetic monopole in matter. First, we show at macroscopic scale that the force exerted on a monopole is F vector = g(H vector - v vector x D vector), as if the monopole was not allowed to cross neither microscopic current loops nor microscopic electricdipoles. We interpret this result in terms of adiabatic monopole-atom interactions. Secondly, we generalized the macroscopic Maxwell's equations in 'dual symmetric' matter which contains monopoles and dyons, from which we deduce several properties such as the velocity of light, the behaviour under C, P and T transformation, and we generalize the energy-momentum tensor. These equations also apply when nucleons or electrons possess an electricdipole moment and we propose two experimental methods for detecting this electricdipole moment via its macroscopic polarization effects. (author)

We examine the sensitivity of the deuteron ElectricDipole Moment (EDM) to variation in the nucleon-nucleon interaction. In particular, we write the EDM as a sum of two terms, one depends on the target wave function, the second on intermediate multiple scattering states in the 3P1 channel. This second contribution is sensitive to off-shell behavior of the 3P1 amplitude.

We examine the sensitivity of the deuteron ElectricDipole Moment (EDM) to variation in the nucleon-nucleon interaction. In particular, we write the EDM as a sum of two terms, one depends on the target wave function, the second on intermediate multiple scattering states in the {sup 3}P{sub 1} channel. This second contribution is sensitive to off-shell behavior of the {sup 3}P{sub 1} amplitude.

We examine the sensitivity of the deuteron ElectricDipole Moment (EDM) to variation in the nucleon-nucleon interaction. In particular, we write the EDM as a sum of two terms, one depends on the target wave function, the second on intermediate multiple scattering states in the {sup 3}P{sub 1} channel. This second contribution is sensitive to off-shell behavior of the {sup 3}P{sub 1} amplitude.

In this article we discuss the analogy between the dynamics of a neutral particle with an electricdipole, in the presence of configuration of magnetic field, with Landau level quantization for charged particle. We analyze this quantization based on the He-Mckelar-Wilkens interaction developed of similar way that Ericsson and Sj\\"oqvist[Phys Rev. A {\\bf 65} 013607 (2001)] was analyzed the Landau-Aharonov-Casher effect. The energy level and eingenfuctions and eigenvalues are obtained.

@@ Within the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism of electroweak interaction and using the recent measured mass of the top quark, we estimate the neutron electricdipole moment (NEDM) via the diquark electroweak interaction.The resulting moment is about 10-30 e cm. The actual upper bound on the NEDM is 6.3 × 10-26 ecm and it can reach the value 5 × 10-28 ecm predicted by experiments in recent years.

Postulating the existence of a finite-mass mediator of T,P-odd coupling between atomic electrons and nucleons, we consider its effect on the permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) of diamagnetic atoms. We present both numerical and analytical analysis for such mediator-induced EDMs and compare it with EDM results for the conventional contact interaction. Based on this analysis, we derive limits on coupling strengths and carrier masses from experimental limits on EDM of the 199Hg atom.

Searches for intrinsic electricdipole moments of nucleons, atoms and molecules are precision flavour-diagonal probes of new -odd physics. We review and summarise the effective field theory analysis of the observable EDMs in terms of a general set of CP-odd operators at 1 GeV, and the ensuing model-independent constraints on new physics. We also discuss the implications for supersymmetric models, in light of the mass limits emerging from the LHC.

In recent work, a microphone array consisting of an omnidirectional microphone and colocated dipole microphones having orthogonally aligned dipole axes was used to examine the directional nature of a room impulse response. The arrival of significant reflections was indicated by peaks in the power of the omnidirectional microphone response; reflection direction of arrival was revealed by comparing zero-lag crosscorrelations between the omnidirectional response and the dipole responses to the omnidirectional response power to estimate arrival direction cosines with respect to the dipole axes.

In two recent papers, the general form of the laws of motion for point particles which are multipole sources of the classical coupled Yang-Mills-Higgs fields was determined by Havas, and for the special case of monopole singularities of a Yang-Mills field an iteration procedure was developed by Drechsler and Rosenblum to obtain the equations of motion of mass points, i.e., the laws of motion including the explicit form of the fields of all interacting particles. In this paper we give a detailed derivation of the laws of motion of monopole-dipole singularities of the coupled Yang-Mills-Higgs fields for point particles with mass and spin, following a procedure first applied by Mathisson and developed by Havas. To obtain the equations of motion, a systematic approximation method is developed in the following paper for the solution of the nonlinear field equations and determination of the fields entering the laws of motion found here to any given order in the coupling constant g.

High-spin states of 165Er were studied using the 160Gd(9Be, 4n)reaction at beam energies of 42 and 45 MeV. The previously known bands based on the γ5/2-[523] and γ5/2+ [642] configurations have been extended to high-spin states. Electric-dipole transitions linking these two opposite parity bands were observed. Relatively large B(E1) values have been extracted experimentally and were attributed to octupole softness.

Dedicated electricdipole moment (edm) searches have been done only for neutral systems. We discuss in this talk dedicated storage ring proposals for measuring edms of charged particles. The statistical error dominates over the systematic error for the neutron and mercury atom edm searches. Large numbers of particles are available today from modern polarized sources at several accelerators. A proposed proton edm experiment at BNL would improve the present proton edm limit by a factor of 104. A "precursor" deuteron edm experiment has been proposed at COSY, Juelich, Germany. This would be the first measurement of the deuteron edm.

In this talk I will focus mostly on the role of electricdipole moments (EDMs) as probes of physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). In the first part of the talk I will present an overview of the physics reach of various searches and I will discuss the complementarity of different EDM probes. In the second part of the talk I will discuss recent work on the computation of the BSM-induced nucleon EDM and the T-odd pion-nucleon couplings using lattice Quantum ChromoDynamics.

Recently, the diverse properties of Rydberg atoms, which probably arise from its large electricdipole moment (EDM), have been explored. In this paper, we report electricdipole moments along with Stark energies and charge densities of lithium Rydberg states in the presence of electric fields, calculated by matrix diagonalization. Huge electricdipole moments are discovered. In order to check the validity of the EDMs, we also use these electricdipole moments to calculate the Stark energies by numerical integration. The results agree with those calculated by matrix diagonalization.

We study theoretically the transport properties of a three-dimensional spin texture made from three orthogonal helices, which is essentially a lattice of monopole-antimonopole pairs connected by Skyrmion strings. This spin structure is proposed for MnGe based on the neutron scattering experiment as well as the Lorentz transmission electron microscopy observation. Equipped with a sophisticated spectral analysis method, we adopt finite temperature Green's function technique to calculate the lon...

We study the optical forces acting on toroidal nanostructures. A great enhancement of optical force is unambiguously identified as originating from the toroidal dipole resonance based on the source-representation, where the distribution of the induced charges and currents is characterized by the three families of electric, magnetic, and toroidal multipoles. On the other hand, the resonant optical force can also be completely attributed to an electricdipole resonance in the alternative field-representation, where the electromagnetic fields in the source-free region are expressed by two sets of electric and magnetic multipole fields based on symmetry. The confusion is resolved by conceptually introducing the irreducible electricdipole, toroidal dipole, and renormalized electricdipole. We demonstrate that the optical force is a powerful tool to identify toroidal response even when its scattering intensity is dwarfed by the conventional electric and magnetic multipoles.

We calculate the neutron electricdipole form factor induced by the CP violating theta-term of QCD, within a perturbative chiral quark model which includes pion and kaon clouds. On this basis we derive the neutron electricdipole moment and the electron-neutron Schiff moment. From the existing experimental upper limits on the neutron electricdipole moment we extract constraints on the theta-parameter and compare our results with other approaches.

Effects of dipoleelectric fields on neoclassical transport are studied. Large asymmetry in transport is created. The dipole fields, which are in a negative R-direction, reduce the ion drift, increase electron drift, and change the steps of excursion due to collisions. It is found that different levels of dipole field intensities have different types of transport. For the lowest level of the dipole field, the transport returns to the neoclassical one. For the highest level of the dipole field, the transport is turned to be the turbulence transport similar to the pseudo-classical transport. Experimental data may be corresponded to a large level of the dipole field intensity.

In this paper, using an elegant mathematical method advanced by us, we calculate the orbital effect in the gravitational field of the centre mass with electric charge and a large number of magnetic monopoles. Generalizing the effect in the Schwarzschild field, we obtain interesting results by discussing the parameters of the celestial body that provide a feasible experimental verification of the general relativity.

The parity (P) and time-reversal (T) odd coupling constant associated with the tensor-pseudotensor (T-PT) electron-nucleus interaction and the nuclear Schiff moment (NSM) have been determined by combining the result of the measurement of the electricdipole moment (EDM) of ^{129}Xe atom and calculations based on the relativistic coupled-cluster (RCC) theory. Calculations using various relativistic many-body methods have been performed at different levels of approximation. The accuracies of these calculations are estimated by comparing the results of the calculated dipole polarizability of the ground state of the above atom with the most precise available experimental data. The non-linear terms that arise in the RCC theory at the singles and doubles approximation (CCSD method) were found to be crucial for achieving high accuracy in the calculations. Our results for the ^{129}Xe EDM due to the odd T-PT interaction and the NSM are, respectively, d_A=0.501 x 10^{-20} C_T |e|cm and d_A=0.336 x 10^{-17} S/(|e| fm^...

A number of extensions of the standard model of particle physics predict electricdipole moments (EDM) of particles that may be observable with the present state-of-the art experiments. The EDMs arise from the violations of both parity and time-reversal invariance. The electron EDM is enhanced in certain atomic and molecular systems. One of the most stringent limits on the electron EDM de was obtained from the experiments with ^205Tl: decontroversy in the value of the EDM enhancement factor K in Tl. We have carried out several calculations by different high-precision methods, studied previously omitted corrections, as well as tested our methodology on other parity conserving quantities. We find the EDM enhancement factor of Tl to be equal to -573(20). This value is 20% larger than the recently published result of Nataraj et al. [PRL 106, 200403 (2011)] but agrees very well with several earlier results.

We perform a global analysis of searches for the permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs) of the neutron, neutral atoms, and molecules in terms of six leptonic, semileptonic, and nonleptonic interactions involving photons, electrons, pions, and nucleons. By translating the results into fundamental charge-conjugation-parity symmetry (CP) violating effective interactions through dimension six involving standard model particles, we obtain rough lower bounds on the scale of beyond the standard model CP-violating interactions ranging from 1.5 TeV for the electron EDM to 1300 TeV for the nuclear spin-independent electron-quark interaction. We show that planned future measurements involving systems or combinations of systems with complementary sensitivities to the low-energy parameters may extend the mass reach by an order of magnitude or more.

The multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) method was employed to calculate atomic electricdipole moments (EDM) of the superheavy element copernicium (Cn, $Z=112$). The EDM enhancement factors of Cn, here calculated for the first time, are about one order of magnitude larger than those of Hg. The exponential dependence of enhancement factors on atomic number $Z$ along group 12 of the periodic table was derived from the EDMs of the entire homolog series, $^{69}_{30}$Zn, $^{111}_{\\phantom{1}48}$Cd, $^{199}_{\\phantom{1}80}$Hg, $^{285}_{112}$Cn, and $^{482}_{162}$Uhb. These results show that superheavy elements with sufficiently large half-lives are good candidates for EDM searches.

We demonstrate that optical transparency can be realized with plasmonic metamaterials using unit cells consisting of detuned electricaldipoles (DED), thereby mimicking the dressed-state picture of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in atomic physics. Theoretically analyzing the DED cells with two and three different silver ellipsoids, we show the possibility of reaching a {>=}10 times decrease in group velocity and a propagation loss of {<=}1 dB per cell within the optical wavelength range of 625-640 nm. Similar configurations are realized with lithographically fabricated gold nanorods placed on a glass substrate and subsequently covered with a {approx}15-{mu}m-thick polymer layer, featuring EIT-like transmission spectra with transparency windows at wavelengths of {approx}850 nm.

Full Text Available In this article, the gravitational scalar potential due to an oscillating electricdipole antenna placed in empty space is derived. The gravitational potential obtained propagates as a wave. The gravitational waves have phase velocity equal to the speed of light in vacuum (c at the equatorial plane of the electricdipole antenna, unlike electromagnetic waves from the dipole antenna that cancel out at the equatorial plane due to charge symmetry.

In this work, we explore the possibility that quantum fluctuations induce an electric or magnetic charge or both, in the context of Gravity's Rainbow. A semi-classical approach is adopted, where the graviton one-loop contribution to a classical energy in a background spacetime is computed through a variational approach with Gaussian trial wave functionals. The energy density of the graviton one-loop contribution, in this context, acts as a source for the electric/magnetic charge. The ultraviolet (UV) divergences, which arise analyzing this procedure, are kept under control with the help of an appropriate choice of the Rainbow's functions. In this way we avoid the introduction of any regularization/renormalization scheme. A comparison with the observed data leads us to determine the size of the electron and of the magnetic monopole which appear to be of Planckian size. Both results seem to be of the same order for a Schwarzschild and a de Sitter background, respectively. Estimates on the magnetic monopole size have been done with the help of the Dirac quantization procedure. We find that the monopole radius is larger than the electron radius. Even in this case the ratio between the electric and magnetic monopole radius appears to be of the same order for both geometries.

We gave an overview of various mechanism for CP violation paying special attention to their prediction of the neutron electricdipole moment. The implication of the recent developments associated with the color electricdipole moment of gluon in various models of CP-violation are then critically assessed. 25 refs.

It is shown that if Higgs-boson exchange mediates CP violation a significant electricdipole moment for the electron can result. Analogous effects can contribute to the neutron's electricdipole moment at a level competitive with Weinberg's three-gluon operator.

The free fall of electric charges and dipoles, radial and freely falling into the Schwarzschild black hole event horizon, was considered. Inverse effect of electromagnetic fields on the black hole is neglected. Dipole was considered as a point particle, so the deformation associated with exposure by tidal forces are neglected. According to the theorem, "the lack of hair" of black holes, multipole magnetic fields must be fully emitted by multipole fall into a black hole. The spectrum of electromagnetic radiation power for these multipoles (monopole and dipole) was found. Differences were found in the spectra for different orientations of the falling dipole. A general method has been developed to find radiated electromagnetic multipole fields for the free falling multipoles into a black hole (including higher order multipoles - quadrupoles, etc.). The electromagnetic spectrum can be compared with observational data from stellar mass and smaller black holes.

We address the impact of sterile fermions on charged lepton electricdipole moments. We show that in order to have a non-vanishing contribution to electricdipole moments, the minimal extension necessitates the addition of at least two sterile fermion states. Sterile neutrinos can give significant contributions to the charged lepton electricdipole moments if the masses of the non-degenerate sterile states are both above the electroweak scale. In addition, the Majorana nature of neutrinos is also important. Furthermore, we apply the computations of the electricdipole moments for the most minimal realisation of the Inverse Seesaw mechanism, in which the Standard Model is extended by two right-handed neutrinos and two sterile fermion states. We show that the two pairs of (heavy) pseudo-Dirac mass eigenstates can give significant contributions to the electron electricdipole moment, lying close to future experimental sensitivity. We further discuss the possibility of beyond the minimal Inverse Seesaw models and...

In the run at ISOLDE performed last August we completed the study of the decay properties of the $ 0 ^{+} _{2} $ level in $ ^{76, 78, 80}$Kr by measuring the lifetime of the $ 0 ^{+} _{2} $ level in $^{76}$Kr. This was done by applying the $\\beta \\gamma\\gamma$ (t) fast timing method to the $\\beta^{+} $-decay of $^{76}$Rb. For the first time the method was applied to proton-rich nuclei at ISOLDE. This required some special modifications of the experimental set-up previously used for the case of $\\beta^{-}$-decay due to the presence of intense annihilation radiation. The experiment has been successful and enough data have been collected for the determination of the lifetime. The analysis is in progress. From a very preliminary estimate it would appear that the lifetime value falls in the range 20-60 ps. Combining this value with the previously measured ratio \\[\\frac{B(E0; 0^{+}_{2} \\rightarrow 0^{+}_{1})}{B(E2; 0^{+}_{2} \\rightarrow 2^{+}_{1})}\\] It is possible to extract an estimate of the monopole transition...

Current data on the signal strengths and angular spectrum of the 125.5 GeV Higgs boson still allow a CP-mixed state, namely, the pseudoscalar coupling to the top quark can be as sizable as the scalar coupling: $C_u^S \\approx C_u^P =1/2$. CP violation can then arise and manifest in sizable electricdipole moments (EDMs). In the framework of two-Higgs-doublet models, we not only update the Higgs precision (Higgcision) study on the couplings with the most updated Higgs signal strength data, but also compute all the Higgs-mediated contributions from the 125.5 GeV Higgs boson to the EDMs, and confront the allowed parameter space against the existing constraints from the EDM measurements of Thallium, neutron, Mercury, and Thorium monoxide. We found that the combined EDM constraints restrict the pseudoscalar coupling to be less than about $10^{-2}$, unless there are contributions from other Higgs bosons, supersymmetric particles, or other exotic particles that delicately cancel the current Higgs-mediated contributio...

Electricdipole moments (EDMs) are extremely sensitive probes of physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). A vibrant experimental program is in place, with the goal to improve the existing neutron EDM bound by one/two orders of magnitude, and to test new ideas for the measurement of EDMs of light ions, such as deuteron and helium, at a comparable level. The success of this program, and its implications for physics beyond the SM, relies on the precise calculation of the EDMs in terms of the couplings of CP-violating operators. In light of the non-perturbative nature both of QCD at low energy and of the nuclear interactions, these calculations have proven difficult, and are affected by large theoretical uncertainties. In this talk I will review the progress that in recent years has been achieved on different aspects of the calculation of hadronic and nuclear EDMs. In particular, I will discuss how the interplay between lattice QCD and Chiral Effective Field Theory (EFT) has allowed to reduce a set of hadronic uncertainties. Finally, I will discuss how the measurements of th EDMs of one, two and three nucleon systems can be used to discriminate between various possible mechanisms of time-reversal violation at high energy.

We discuss electricdipole moments (EDMs) in the framework of CP-violating natural supersymmetry (SUSY). Recent experimental results have significantly tightened constraints on the EDMs of electrons and of mercury, and substantial further progress is expected in the near future. We assess how these results constrain the parameter space of natural SUSY. In addition to our discussion of SUSY, we provide a set of general formulas for two-loop fermion EDMs, which can be applied to a wide range of models of new physics. In the SUSY context, the two-loop effects of stops and charginos respectively constrain the phases of A t μ and M 2 μ to be small in the natural part of parameter space. If the Higgs mass is lifted to 125 GeV by a new tree-level superpotential interaction and soft term with CP-violating phases, significant EDMs can arise from the two-loop effects of W bosons and tops. We compare the bounds arising from EDMs to those from other probes of new physics including colliders, b → sγ, and dark matter searches. Importantly, improvements in reach not only constrain higher masses, but require the phases to be significantly smaller in the natural parameter space at low mass. The required smallness of phases sharpens the CP problem of natural SUSY model building.

We calculate for the first time the electricdipole moment (EDM) of $^{13}$C generated by the isovector CP-odd pion exchange nuclear force in the $\\alpha$-cluster model, which describes well the structures of low lying states of the $^{13}$C nucleus. The linear dependence of the EDM of $^{13}$C on the neutron EDM and the isovector CP-odd nuclear coupling is found to be $d_{^{13}{\\rm C}} = -0.33 d_n - 0.0012 \\bar G_\\pi^{(1)}$. The linear enhancement factor of the CP-odd nuclear coupling is smaller than that of the deuteron, due to the difference of the structure between the $1/2^-_1$ state and the opposite parity ($1/2^+$) states. We clarify the role of the structure played in the enhancement of the EDM. This result provides good guiding principles to search for other nuclei with large enhancement factor. We also mention the role of the EDM of $^{13}$C in determining the new physics beyond the standard model.

A symmetry-preserving Dyson-Schwinger equation treatment of a vector-vector contact interaction is used to compute dressed-quark-core contributions to the nucleon σ -term and tensor charges. The latter enable one to directly determine the effect of dressed-quark electricdipole moments (EDMs) on neutron and proton EDMs. The presence of strong scalar and axial-vector diquark correlations within ground-state baryons is a prediction of this approach. These correlations are active participants in all scattering events and thereby modify the contribution of the singly represented valence quark relative to that of the doubly represented quark. Regarding the proton σ -term and that part of the proton mass which owes to explicit chiral symmetry breaking, with a realistic d -u mass splitting, the singly represented d quark contributes 37% more than the doubly represented u quark; and in connection with the proton's tensor charges, δTu , δTd , the ratio δTd /δTu is 18% larger than anticipated from simple quark models. Of particular note, the size of δTu is a sensitive measure of the strength of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking; and δTd measures the amount of axial-vector diquark correlation within the proton, vanishing if such correlations are absent.

Current data on the signal strengths and angular spectrum of the 125.5 GeV Higgs boson still allow a CP-mixed state, namely, the pseudoscalar coupling to the top quark can be as sizable as the scalar coupling: C {/u S } ≈ C {/u P } = 1/2. CP violation can then arise and manifest in sizable electricdipole moments (EDMs). In the framework of two-Higgs-doublet models, we not only update the Higgs precision (Higgcision) study on the couplings with the most updated Higgs signal strength data, but also compute all the Higgs-mediated contributions from the 125.5 GeV Higgs boson to the EDMs, and confront the allowed parameter space against the existing constraints from the EDM measurements of Thallium, neutron, Mercury, and Thorium monoxide. We found that the combined EDM constraints restrict the pseudoscalar coupling to be less than about 10-2, unless there are contributions from other Higgs bosons, supersymmetric particles, or other exotic particles that delicately cancel the current Higgs-mediated contributions.

We calculate for the first time the electricdipole moment (EDM) of 13C generated by the isovector charge conjugation-parity (CP)-odd pion exchange nuclear force in the α -cluster model, which describes well the structures of low-lying states of the 13C nucleus. The linear dependence of the EDM of 13C on the neutron EDM and the isovector CP-odd nuclear coupling is found to be d13C=-0.33 dn-0.0020 G¯π(1 ) . The linear enhancement factor of the CP-odd nuclear coupling is smaller than that of the deuteron, due to the difference of the structure between the 1 /21- state and the opposite-parity (1 /2+ ) states. We clarify the role of the structure played in the enhancement of the EDM. This result provides good guiding principles to search for other nuclei with large enhancement factor. We also mention the role of the EDM of 13C in determining the new physics beyond the standard model.

Full Text Available The JEDI collaboration aims at making use of storage ring to provide the most precise measurement of the electricdipole moments of hadrons. The method makes exploits a longitudinal polarized beam. The existence an electricdipole moment would generate a torque slowly twisting the particle spin out of plan of the storage ring into the vertical direction. The observation of non zero electricdipole moment would represent a clear sign of new physics beyond the Standard Model. Feasiblity tests are presently undergoing at the COSY storage ring Forschungszentrum Jülich (Germany, to develop the novel techniques to be implemented in a future dedicated storage ring.

A brief survey of E0 strength in a number of nuclei in different regions of the nuclear chart is presented. The connection between E0 strength and shape coexistence is reviewed. Nuclear structure information obtained from measurements of electricmonopole transitions in {sup 184}Pt and {sup 187}Au is discussed. Plans for future experiments utilizing radioactive ion beams and E0 internal pair formation is presented.

A brief survey of E0 strength in a number of nuclei in different regions of the nuclear chart is presented. The connection between E0 strength and shape coexistence is reviewed. Nuclear structure information obtained from measurements of electricmonopole transitions in {sup 184}Pt and {sup 187}Au is discussed. Plans for future experiments utilizing radioactive ion beams and E0 internal-pair-formation is presented.

It is stated that the conjecture that the hydrogen-like atoms may have large permanent electricdipole moments is doubtable. Two kinds of experiments are suggested to check the reliability of the conjecture further.

We analyze the CP-violating electricdipole form factor of the nucleon in the framework of covariant baryon chiral perturbation theory. We give a new upper bound on the vacuum angle, |\\theta_0| \\lesssim 2.5 \\cdot 10^{-10}. The quark mass dependence of the electricdipole moment is discussed and compared to lattice QCD data. We also perform the matching between its representations in the three- and two-flavor theories.

New image representations for vertical electricdipoles (VED) above an imperfectly conducting and axially anisotropic earth are developed. These include multidiscrete images at different depths below the air-earth interface and multipole image sources. It is shown that, in contrast with the available image representations in the literature, the developed ones predict the correct behavior of the fields in the far zone along the earth's surface. Extension to a layered earth's model is made. The theory is also extended to the horizontal electricdipole with similar conclusions to the case of the vertical dipole.

We compute the electricdipole moment of nucleons in the large $N_c$ QCD model by Witten, Sakai and Sugimoto with $N_f=2$ degenerate massive flavors. Baryons in the model are instantonic solitons of an effective five-dimensional action describing the whole tower of mesonic fields. We find that the dipole electromagnetic form factor of the nucleons, induced by a finite topological $\\theta$ angle, exhibits complete vector meson dominance. We are able to evaluate the contribution of each vector meson to the final result - a small number of modes are relevant to obtain an accurate estimate. Extrapolating the model parameters to real QCD data, the neutron electricdipole moment is evaluated to be $d_n = 1.8 \\cdot 10^{-16}\\, \\theta\\;e\\cdot \\mathrm{cm}$. The electricdipole moment of the proton is exactly the opposite.

Conventional bar magnets are also called ‘magnetic dipoles’ because they have two magnetic poles (a “North” and a “South” magnetic pole, like the Earth). In theory, “magnetic monopoles” could exist that act like an isolated “magnetic charge”, i.e. either a “North” or a “South” magnetic pole.

Heavy polar diatomic molecules are the primary tools for searching for the T-violating permanent electricdipole moment of the electron (eEDM). Valence electrons in some molecules experience extremely large effective electric fields due to relativistic interactions. These large effective electric fields are crucial to the success of polar-molecule-based eEDM search experiments. Here we report on the results of relativistic ab initio calculations of the effective electric fields in a series of molecules that are highly sensitive to an eEDM, the mercury monohalides (HgF, HgCl, HgBr,and HgI). We study the influence of the halide anions on effective electric field, and identify HgBr and HgI as interesting candidates for future electricdipole moment search experiments.

We investigate new contributions to the neutron electricdipole moment induced by colored scalars. As an example, we evaluate contributions coming from the color octet, weak doublet scalar, accommodated within a modified Minimal Flavor Violating framework. These flavor non-diagonal couplings of the color octet scalar might account for the $A_{CP} (D^0 \\to K^- K^+) - A_{CP} (D^0 \\to \\pi^+ \\pi^-)$ asymmetry on the tree level. Using these charm asymmetry constrained couplings, we calculate two-loop contributions to the neutron electricdipole moment and find that they are of the same order as the experimental bound. We comment also on contributions of higher dimensional operators to the neutron electricdipole moment within this framework.

In this review, we summarize the theoretical development on the electricdipole moment of light nuclei. We first describe the nucleon level CP violation and its parametrization. We then present the results of calculations of the EDM of light nuclei in the ab initio approach and in the cluster model. The analysis of the effect of several models beyond standard model is presented, together with the prospects for its discovery. The advantage of the electricdipole moment of light nuclei is focused in the point of view of the many-body physics. The evaluations of the nuclear electricdipole moment generated by the $\\theta$-term and by the CP phase of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix are also reviewed.

We consider the contribution of sterile neutrinos to the electricdipole moment of charged leptons in the most minimal realisation of the Inverse Seesaw mechanism, in which the Standard Model is extended by two right-handed neutrinos and two sterile fermion states. Our study shows that the two pairs of (heavy) pseudo-Dirac mass eigenstates can give significant contributions to the electron electricdipole moment, lying close to future experimental sensitivity if their masses are above the electroweak scale. The major contribution comes from two-loop diagrams with pseudo-Dirac neutrino states running in the loops. In our analysis we further discuss the possibility of having a successful leptogenesis in this framework, compatible with a large electron electricdipole moment.

The electricdipole form factors and moments of the ground state baryons are calculated in chiral perturbation theory at next-to-leading order. We show that the baryon electricdipole form factors at this order depend only on two combinations of low-energy constants. We also derive various relations that are free of unknown low-energy constants. We use recent lattice QCD data to calculate all baryon EDMs. In particular, we find d n = -2 .9 ± 0 .9 and d p = 1 .1 ± 1 .1 in units of 10-16 e θ 0 cm. Finite volume corrections to the electricdipole moments are also worked out. We show that for a precision extraction from lattice QCD data, the next-to-leading order terms have to be accounted for.

In this paper,the electric and the magnetic dipole couplings between the outer and the inner rings of a single split ring resonator (SRR) are investigated.We numerically demonstrate that the magnetic resonance frequency can be substantially modified by changing the couplings of the electric and magnetic dipoles,and give a theoretical expression of the magnetic resonance frequency.The results in this work are expected to be conducive to a deeper understanding of the SRR and other similar metamaterials,and provide new guidance for complex metamaterials design with a tailored electromagnetic response.

An integrated optical electric field sensor based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with the telescopic dipole is designed and fabricated, and its electrodes are segmented and connected with a telescopic dipole.The measured results show that when the frequency response is from 10kHz to 6GHz with the antenna length of 55mm, the minimum detectable electric field of 20mV/m can be obtained, and the linear dynamics range can reach 90dB at 250MHz.

The effect of the "chromo-electric" dipole moment on the electricdipole moment(EDM) of the neutron is studied in the two-Higgs-doublet model. The Weinberg's operator O_{3g}=GG\\t G and the operator O_{qg}=\\bar q\\sigma\\t Gq are both investigated in the cases of \\tan\\b\\gg 1, \\tan\\b\\ll 1 and \\tan\\b\\simeq 1. The neutron EDM is considerably reduced due to the destructive contribution with two light Higgs scalars exchanges.

Heavy polar diatomic molecules are the primary tools for searching for the T-violating permanent electricdipole moment of the electron (eEDM). Valence electrons in some molecules experience extremely large effective electric fields due to relativistic interactions. These large effective electric fields are crucial to the success of polar-molecule-based eEDM search experiments. Here we report on the results of relativistic ab initio calculations of the effective electric fields in a series of molecules that are highly sensitive to an eEDM, the mercury monohalides (HgF, HgCl, HgBr, and HgI). We study the influence of the halide anions on E_{eff}, and identify HgBr and HgI as attractive candidates for future electricdipole moment search experiments.

The mean-field dynamics of an electricdipole moment in a deterministic and a fluctuating electric field is solved to obtain the average over fluctuations of the dipole moment and the angular momentum as a function of time for a Gaussian white-noise stochastic electric field. The components of the average electricdipole moment and the average angular momentum along the deterministic electric-field direction do not decay to zero, despite fluctuations in all three components of the electric field. This is in contrast to the decay of the average over fluctuations of a magnetic moment in a stochastic magnetic field with Gaussian white noise in all three components. The components of the average electricdipole moment and the average angular momentum perpendicular to the deterministic electric-field direction oscillate with time but decay to zero, and their variance grows with time.

The electricdipole moment (EDM) of paramagnetic atoms is sensitive to the intrinsic EDM contribution from that of its constituent electrons and a scalar-pseudoscalar (S-PS) electron-nucleus interaction. The electron EDM and the S-PS contributions to the EDMs of these atoms scale as approximate to Z

The nuclear Schiff moments of Xe isotopes which induce electricdipole moments of neutral Xe atoms is theoretically estimated. Parity and time-reversal violating two-body nuclear interactions are assumed. The nuclear wave functions are calculated in terms of the nuclear shell model. Influences of core excitations on the Schiff moments in addition to the over-shell excitations are discussed.

Searches for permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs) of fundamental particles provide an opportunity to discover New Physics beyond the present Standard Theory. New ideas for experiments have come up recently which may allow present limits to be lowered substantially, or even unambiguous effects to

We present a new asymptotically flat, doubly spinning black ring of D = 5 Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory with Kaluza-Klein dilaton coupling. Besides the mass and two angular momenta, the solution displays both electric charge and (magnetic) dipole charge. The class of solutions that are free from c

The stored energies, radiated power, and quality factor of a magnetic-dipole antenna, consisting of a spherical electrical surface current density enclosing a magnetic core, is obtained through direct spatial integration of the internally and externally radiated field expressed in terms of spheri...

The transition from the biexciton to the exciton can turn over the direction of the electricdipole of a polymeric molecule. This turning-over action combined with the photoinduced polarization reversion can be used as a switch. The switching speed is governed by the relaxation time of the turning-over process, which can be determined by a dynamical simulation.

Searches for permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs) of fundamental particles provide an opportunity to discover New Physics beyond the present Standard Theory. New ideas for experiments have come up recently which may allow present limits to be lowered substantially, or even unambiguous effects to

Three independent searches for an electricdipole moment (EDM) of the positive and negative muons have been performed, using spin precession data from the muon g - 2 storage ring at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Details on the experimental apparatus and the three analyses are presented. Since the

Searches for the permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs) of diamagnetic atoms provide powerful probes of CP-violating hadronic and semileptonic interactions. The theoretical interpretation of such experiments, however, requires careful implementation of a well-known theorem by Schiff that implies a

Permanent electricdipole moments are uniquely sensitive to sources of T and P violation in fundamental interactions. In particular radium isotopes offer the largest intrinsic sensitivity. We want to explore the prospects for utilizing the high intense beams from HIE-ISOLDE to boost the statistical

A partial screening of nucleon electricdipole moments (EDMs) in nuclear systems, which is related to the Schiff mechanism known for neutral atomic systems, is discussed. It is shown that the direct contribution from the neutron EDM to the deuteron EDM is partially screened by about 1% in a zero-range approximation calculation.

A partial screening of nucleon electricdipole moments (EDMs) in nuclear systems, which is related to the Schiff mechanism known for neutral atomic systems, is discussed. It is shown that the direct contribution from the neutron EDM to the deuteron EDM is partially screened by almost 50% in a zero-range approximation calculation.

Magneto-oscillations of the electricdipole moment are predicted and analyzed for a single-electron nanoscale ring pierced by a magnetic flux (an Aharonov-Bohm ring) and subjected to an electric field in the ring's plane. These oscillations are accompanied by periodic changes in the selection rules for inter-level optical transitions in the ring allowing control of polarization properties of the associated terahertz radiation.

Two different experimental approaches were combined to study the electricdipole strength in the doubly-magic nucleus 48 Ca below the neutron threshold. Real-photon scattering experiments using bremsstrahlung up to 9.9 MeV and nearly mono-energetic linearly polarized photons with energies between 6.6 and 9.51 MeV provided strength distribution and parities, and an (α,α′γ) experiment at Eα=136MeV gave cross sections for an isoscalar probe. The unexpected difference observed in the dipole respo...

In the scientific literature in the last 40 years, some data for the permanent dipole moment and the electric polarizability of Escherichia coli can be found [S.P. Stoylov, Colloid Electro-Optics - Theory, Techniques and Application, Academic Press, London, 1991]. In this paper the data based mainly on electro-optic investigation is considered as much as some dipolophoretic (most often called dielectrophoretic) studies. Serious grounds are found to doubt the conclusions made for the electricdipole moments of bacteria by one of the authors of this paper (SPS) and by some other researchers. This concerns both the permanent dipole moment and the electric charge dependent polarizabilities of E. coli. Here, along with the discussion of the old experimental data, new experimental data are shown for a strain of E. coli HB101. The conclusions from the analysis of the old and the new experimental data is that they do not provide correct evidence for the presence of a permanent dipole moment. It seems that all statements for the existence of electric permanent dipole moment in bacteria [S.P. Stoylov, Colloid Electro-Optics - Theory, Techniques and Application, Academic Press, London, 1991; S.P. Stoylov, S. Sokerov, I. Petkanchin, N. Ibroshev, Dokl. AN URSS 180 (1968) 1165; N.A. Tolstoy, A.A. Spartakov, A.A. Trusov, S.A. Schelkunova, Biofizika 11 (1966) 453; V. Morris, B. Jennings, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. II 71 (1975) 1948; V. Morris, B. Jennings, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 55 (1978) 313; S.P. Stoylov, V.N. Shilov, S.S. Dukhin, S. Sokerov, I. Petkanchin, in: S.S. Dukhin (Ed.), Electro-optics of Colloids, Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 1977 (in Russian).] based on electro-optic studies are result of incorrect interpretation. Therefore, they should be further ignored.

The electricdipole moments for the lowest 1/2+ states of Xe and Ba isotopes are calculated in terms of the nuclear shell model, which includes two-body nucleon interactions violating parity and time-reversal invariance. Using the wave functions thus obtained, the nuclear electricdipole moments arising from the intrinsic nucleon electricdipole moments and also from asymmetric charge distribution are calculated. The upper limits for the nuclear electricdipole moments of Xe and Ba isotopes are estimated.

Spontaneous emission patterns of electric and magnetic dipoles on different material surfaces were studied numerically and experimentally. The results show the modified behavior of electric and magnetic dipoles on metallic and HMM surfaces.......Spontaneous emission patterns of electric and magnetic dipoles on different material surfaces were studied numerically and experimentally. The results show the modified behavior of electric and magnetic dipoles on metallic and HMM surfaces....

Spontaneous emission patterns of electric and magnetic dipoles on different material surfaces were studied numerically and experimentally. The results show the modified behavior of electric and magnetic dipoles on metallic and HMM surfaces.......Spontaneous emission patterns of electric and magnetic dipoles on different material surfaces were studied numerically and experimentally. The results show the modified behavior of electric and magnetic dipoles on metallic and HMM surfaces....

We are proposing a new method to carry out a dedicated search for a permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) of the muon with a sensitivity at a level of 10^{-24} e cm. The experimental design exploits the strong motional electric field sensed by relativistic particles in a magnetic storage ring. As a key feature, a novel technique has been invented in which the g-2 precession is compensated with radial electric field. This technique will benefit greatly when the intense muon sources advocated by the developers of the muon storage rings and the muon colliders become available.

A new measurement of the neutron EDM, using Ramsey's method of separated oscillatory fields, is in preparation at the new high intensity source of ultra-cold neutrons (UCN) at the Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland (PSI). The existence of a non-zero nEDM would violate both parity and time reversal symmetry and, given the CPT theorem, might lead to a discovery of new CP violating mechanisms. Already the current upper limit for the nEDM (|d_n|<2.9E-26 e.cm) constrains some extensions of the Standard Model. The new experiment aims at a two orders of magnitude reduction of the experimental uncertainty, to be achieved mainly by (1) the higher UCN flux provided by the new PSI source, (2) better magnetic field control with improved magnetometry and (3) a double chamber configuration with opposite electric field directions. The first stage of the experiment will use an upgrade of the RAL/Sussex/ILL group's apparatus (which has produced the current best result) moved from Institut Laue-Langevin to PSI. ...

The electricdipole moments (EDMs) of the neutron and the electron are reviewed within the framework of the supersymmetric standard model (SSM) based on grand unified theories coupled to N=1 supergravity. Taking into account one-loop and two-loop contributions to the EDMs, we explore SSM parameter space consistent with experiments and discuss predicted values for the EDMs. Implications of baryon asymmetry of our universe for the EDMs are also discussed.

In the preceding paper, the laws of motion were established for classical particles with spin which are monopole-dipole singularities of Yang-Mills-Higgs fields. In this paper, a systematic approximation scheme is developed for solving the coupled nonlinear field equations in any order and for determining the corresponding equations of motion. In zeroth order the potentials are taken as the usual Liénard-Wiechert and Bhabha-Harish-Chandra potentials (generalized to isospace); in this order the solutions are necessarily Abelian, since the isovector describing the charge is constant. The regularization necessary to obtain expressions finite on the world lines of the particles is achieved by the method of Riesz potentials. All fields are taken as retarded and are expressed in integral form. Omitting dipole interactions, the integrals for the various terms are carried out as far as possible for general motions, including radiation-reaction terms. In first order, the charge isovectors are no longer necessarily constant; thus the solutions are not necessarily Abelian, and it is possible for charge to be radiated away. The cases of time-symmetric field theory and of an action-at-a-distance formulation of the theory are discussed in an appendix.

To explore the promising therapeutic applications of short nanosecond electric pulses, in vitro and in vivo experiments are highly required. In this paper, an exposure system based on monopole patch antenna is reported to perform in vivo experiments on newborn mice with both monopolar and bipolar nanosecond signals. Analytical design and numerical simulations of the antenna in air were carried out as well as experimental characterizations in term of scattering parameter (S 11) and spatial electric field distribution. Numerical dosimetry of the setup with four newborn mice properly placed in proximity of the antenna patch was carried out, exploiting a matching technique to decrease the reflections due to dielectric discontinuities (i.e., from air to mouse tissues). Such technique consists in the use of a matching dielectric box with dielectric permittivity similar to those of the mice. The average computed electric field inside single mice was homogeneous (better than 68 %) with an efficiency higher than 20 V m(-1) V(-1) for the four exposed mice. These results demonstrate the possibility of a multiple (four) exposure of small animals to short nanosecond pulses (both monopolar and bipolar) in a controlled and efficient way.

Permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs) violate parity and time reversal symmetry. Within the Standard Model (SM) they are many orders of magnitude below present experimental sensitivity. Many extensions of the SM predict much larger EDMs, which are therefore an excellent probe for the existence of "new physics". Until recently it was believed that only electrically neutral systems could be used for sensitive searches of EDMs. With the introduction of a novel experimental method, high precision for charged systems will be within reach as well. The features of this method and its possibilities are discussed.

Two new complementary experiments searching for a permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) of 129-xenon are presented. Besides demonstration of a sensitivity improvement by employing established methods and a highly sensitive SQUID detection system the progress towards a novel measurement approach is discussed. The new method introduces time-varying electric fields and a liquid hyper-polarized xenon sample with a potential improvement in sensitivity of three orders of magnitude. The search for EDMs is motivated by their symmetry-breaking nature. A non-zero EDM provides a new source of CP violation to solve the mystery of the huge excess of matter over anti-matter in our Universe.

The static electricdipole polarizabilities of the ground state and n ≤ 3 excited states of a lithium atom embedded in a weekly coupled plasma environment are investigated as a function of the plasma screening radium.The plasma screening of the Coulomb interaction is described by the Debye-Hückel potential and the interaction between the valence electron and the atomic core is described by a model potential.The electron energies and wave functions for both the bound and continuum states are calculated by solving the Schr(o)dinger equation numerically using the symplectic integrator.The oscillator strengths,partial-wave,and total static dipole polarizabilities of the ground state and n ≤ 3 excited states of the lithium atom are calculated.Comparison of present results with thosc of other authors,when available,is made.The results for the 2s ground state demonstrated that the oscillator strengths and the static dipole polarizabilities from np orbitals do not always increase or decrease with the plasma screening effect increasing,unlike that for hydrogen-like ions,especially for 2s→3p transition there is a zero value for both the oscillator strength and the static dipole polarizability for screening length D =10.3106a0,which is associated with the Cooper minima.

The electricdipole moments of $(H_{2}O)_{n}DCl$ ($n=3-9$) clusters have been measured by the beam deflection method. Reflecting the (dynamical) charge distribution within the system, the dipole moment contributes information about the microscopic structure of nanoscale solvation. The addition of a DCl molecule to a water cluster results in a strongly enhanced susceptibility. There is evidence for a noticeable rise in the dipole moment occurring at $n\\approx5-6$. This size is consistent with predictions for the onset of ionic dissociation. Additionally, a molecular dynamics model suggests that even with a nominally bound impurity an enhanced dipole moment can arise due to the thermal and zero point motion of the proton and the water molecules. The experimental measurements and the calculations draw attention to the importance of fluctuations in defining the polarity of water-based nanoclusters, and generally to the essential role played by motional effects in determining the response of fluxional nanoscale sy...

On the basis of Wilson's work in which the vertical electricdipole is centrally located in GHz Transverse ElectroMagnetic (GTEM) cell, we deduce the expression for the field distribution excited by an electricdipole in the case that the dipole is not centrally located. It will be useful for EMC measurements using GTEM cell.

On the basis of Wilson's work in which the vertical electricdipole is centrally located in GHz Transverse ElectroMagntic(GTEM) cell, we deduce the expression for the field distribution excited by an electricdipole in the case that the dipole is not centrally located.It will be useful for EMCmeasurements using GTEM cell.

We calculate the electricdipole form factor of the nucleon that arises as a low-energy manifestation of time-reversal violation in quark-gluon interactions of effective dimension 6: the quark electric and chromoelectric dipole moments, and the gluon chromoelectric dipole moment. We use the framewor

When calculating the interaction between electric field-induced dipoles, the dipole moments are often taken to be equal to their polarizability multiplied by the external electric field. However, this approach is not exact, since it does not take into account the fact that particles with a dipole mo

The electricdipole moments (EDMs) of electron and nucleons are the promising probe of the new physics. In the generic high-scale supersymmetric (SUSY) scenarios such as models based on mixture of the anomaly and gauge mediations, gluino has an additional contribution to the nucleon EDMs. In this paper, we estimated the effect of the CP-violating gluon Weinberg operator induced by the gluino chromoelectric dipole moment in the high-scale SUSY scenarios, and we evaluated the nucleon and electron EDMs in these scenarios. We found that in the generic high-scale SUSY models, the nucleon EDMs may receive the sizable contribution from the Weinberg operator. Thus, it is important to compare the nucleon EDMs with the electron EDM in order to discriminate among the high-scale SUSY models.

The electricdipole moments (EDMs) of electron and nucleons are promising probes of the new physics. In generic high-scale supersymmetric (SUSY) scenarios such as models based on mixture of the anomaly and gauge mediations, gluino has an additional contribution to the nucleon EDMs. In this paper, we studied the effect of the CP -violating gluon Weinberg operator induced by the gluino chromoelectric dipole moment in the high-scale SUSY scenarios, and we evaluated the nucleon and electron EDMs in the scenarios. We found that in the generic high-scale SUSY models, the nucleon EDMs may receive the sizable contribution from the Weinberg operator. Thus, it is important to compare the nucleon EDMs with the electron one in order to discriminate among the high-scale SUSY models.

In the fat brane model, also known as the split fermion model, it is assumed that leptons and baryons live in different hypersurfaces of a thick brane in order to explain the proton stability without invoking any symmetry. It turns out that, in the presence of a gravity source M, particles will see different four-dimensional (4D) geometries and hence, from the point of view of 4D-observers, the equivalence principle will be violated. As a consequence, we show that a hydrogen atom in the gravitational field of M will acquire a radial electricdipole. This effect is regulated by the Hamiltonian H{sub d}=−μA⋅δr, which is the gravitational analog of the Stark Hamiltonian, where the electric field is replaced by the tidal acceleration A due to the split of fermions in the brane and the atomic reduced mass μ substitutes the electric charge.

In radiative β decay, T violation can be studied through a spin-independent T-odd correlation. We consider contributions to this correlation by beyond the standard model (BSM) sources of T-violation, arising above the electroweak scale. At the same time such sources, parametrized by dimension-6 operators, can induce electricdipole moments (EDMs). As a consequence, the manifestations of the T-odd BSM physics in radiative β decay and EDMs are not independent. Here we exploit this connection to show that current EDM bounds already strongly constrain the spin-independent T-odd correlation in radiative β decay.

We experimentally determine the conjecture that hydrogen-like atoms such as Rb and Cs may have large permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs). The saturated Rb vapour fills a cylindrical capacitor in the experiment.The influence of the vapour dielectric medium on capacitance is measured with a digital capacitance meter. Supposing that the measurement influence comes from the permanent EDMs of Rb atoms, from the experimental result we find that the EDM is large, i.e. dRb ≥ 8.6e × 10-9 cm.

Three independent searches for an electricdipole moment (EDM) of the positive and negative muons have been performed, using spin precession data from the muon g-2 storage ring at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Details on the experimental apparatus and the three analyses are presented. Since the individual results on the positive and negative muon, as well as the combined result, d=0.0(0.9)E-19 e-cm, are all consistent with zero, we set a new muon EDM limit, |d| < 1.8E-19 e-cm (95% C.L.). This represents a factor of 5 improvement over the previous best limit on the muon EDM.

We study the quantum dynamics of neutral particle that posseses a permanent magnetic and electricdipole moments in the presence of an electromagnetic field. The analysis of this dynamics demonstrates the appearance of a quantum phase that combines the Aharonov-Casher effect and the He-Mckellar-Wilkens effect. We demonstrate that this phase is a special case of the Berry's quantum phase. A series of field configurations where this phase would be found are presented. A generalized Casella-type effect is found in one these configurations. A physical scenario for the quantum phase in an interferometric experiment is proposed.

Full Text Available In radiative β decay, T violation can be studied through a spin-independent T-odd correlation. We consider contributions to this correlation by beyond the standard model (BSM sources of T-violation, arising above the electroweak scale. At the same time such sources, parametrized by dimension-6 operators, can induce electricdipole moments (EDMs. As a consequence, the manifestations of the T-odd BSM physics in radiative β decay and EDMs are not independent. Here we exploit this connection to show that current EDM bounds already strongly constrain the spin-independent T-odd correlation in radiative β decay.

The permanent electricdipole moments for the X 5Pi and B 5pi states of gas-phase CrO have been experimentally determined using the sub-Doppler optical technique of intermodulated fluorescence spectroscopy in conjunction with the Stark effect. The measured values are 3.88 + or - 0.13 and 4.1 + or - 1.8 D for the X and B states, respectively. The theoretical values determined for the X state using multireference CI iterative-natural-orbital and finite-field calculations are in excellent agreement with the experimental value.

An experiment using a prototype setup to search for the neutron electricdipole moment by measuring spin rotation in a non-centrosymmetric crystal (quartz) was carried out to investigate statistical sensitivity and systematic effects of the method. It has been demonstrated that the concept of the method works. The preliminary result of the experiment is d{sub n}=(2.5+-6.5)x10{sup -24}ecm. The experiment showed that an accuracy of approx2.5x10{sup -26}ecm can be obtained in 100 days data taking, using available quartz crystals and neutron beams.

An experiment using a prototype setup to search for the neutron electricdipole moment by measuring spin-rotation in a non-centrosymmetric crystal (quartz) was carried out to investigate statistical sensitivity and systematic effects of the method. It has been demonstrated that the concept of the method works. The preliminary result of the experiment is $d_{\\rm n}=(2.5\\pm 6.5)\\cdot 10^{-24}$ e$\\cdot $cm. The experiment showed that an accuracy of $\\sim 2.5\\cdot 10^{-26}$ e$\\cdot $cm can be obtained in 100 days data taking, using available quartz crystals and neutron beams.

A spherical magnetic dipole antenna with a linear, isotropic, homogenous, passive, and lossy material core is modeled analytically, and closed form expressions are given for the internally stored magnetic and electric energies, the radiation efficiency, and radiation quality factor. This model...... size and permittivity, focusing on the effects of magnetic core losses for a simple magnetic dispersion model, to illustrate how stored energies, efficiency and quality factor are affected. This shows that large magnetic losses can be beneficial, as these can produce a relatively high efficiency....

Calculations of the static electric-dipole scalar and tensor polarizabilities are presented for two alkali atoms, Rb and Cs, for the $nS$, $nP_{1/2, 3/2}$, and $nD_{3/2, 5/2}$ states with large principal quantum numbers up to $n = 50$. The calculations are performed within an effective one-electron approximation, based on the Dirac-Fock Hamiltonian with a semi-empirical core-polarization potential. The obtained results are compared with those from a simpler semi-empirical approach and with available experimental data.

Electricdipole moments and charged-lepton flavour-violating processes are extremely sensitive probes for new physics, complementary to direct searches as well as flavour-changing processes in the quark sector. Beyond the "smoking-gun" feature of a potential significant measurement, however, it is crucial to understand their implications for new physics models quantitatively. The corresponding multi-scale problem of relating the existing high-precision measurements to fundamental parameters can be approached model-independently to a large extent; however, care must be taken to include the uncertainties from especially nuclear and QCD calculations properly.

The electricdipole moment (EDM) is a fundamental property of a particle, like mass, charge and magnetic moment. What makes this property in particular interesting is the fact that a fundamental particle can only acquire an EDM via {P} and {T} violating processes. EDM measurements contribute to the understanding of the matter over anti-matter dominance in the universe, a question closely related to the violation of fundamental symmetries. Up to now measurements of EDMs have concentrated on neutral particles. Charged particle EDMs can be measured at storage ring. Plans at Forschungszentrum Jülich and results of first test measurements at the COoler SYnchrotron COSY will be presented.

We systematically calculate the electricdipole moments (EDMs) of neutron-odd nuclei with even protons in a phenomenological shell model picture. We first derive the relation between the EDM and the magnetic moment operators by making use of the core polarization scheme. This relation enables us to calculate the EDM of neutron-odd nuclei using the experimental values of the magnetic moments. From the calculations, one may find the best atomic system suitable for future EDM experiments where the estimations are made for doubly ionized atoms.

We review the current status of the study of parity and time invariance violation in atoms, nuclei and molecules. We focus on parity nonconservation (PNC) in cesium (CS) and three of the most promising areas of research: (i) PNC in a chain of isotopes, (ii) search for nuclear anapole moments, and (iii) search for permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs) of atoms and molecules, which in turn are caused by either an electron EDM or nuclear T, P-odd moments such as a nuclear EDM or nuclear Schiff moment.

In radiative β decay, T violation can be studied through a spin-independent T-odd correlation. We consider contributions to this correlation by beyond the standard model (BSM) sources of T-violation, arising above the electroweak scale. At the same time such sources, parametrized by dimension-6 operators, can induce electricdipole moments (EDMs). As a consequence, the manifestations of the T-odd BSM physics in radiative β decay and EDMs are not independent. Here we exploit this connection to show that current EDM bounds already strongly constrain the spin-independent T-odd correlation in radiative β decay.

Spin-dependent electricdipole operators are investigated group-theoretically for the emergence of an electricdipole induced by a single spin or by two spins, where the spin dependences are completely classified up to the quadratic order. For a single spin, a product of spin operators behaves as an even-parity electric quadrupole operator, which differs from an odd-parity electricdipole. The lack of the inversion symmetry allows the even- and odd-parity mixing, which leads to the electricdipole described by the electric quadruple operators. Point-group tables are given for classification of the possible spin-dependent electricdipoles and for the qualitative analysis of multiferroic properties, such as an emergent electricdipole moment coexisting with a magnetic moment, electromagnon excitation, and directional dichroism. The results can be applied to a magnetic ion in crystals or embedded in molecules at a site without the inversion symmetry. In the presence of an inversion symmetry, the electricdipole does not appear for a single spin. This is not the case for the electricdipole induced by two spins with antisymmetric spin dependence, which is known as vector spin chirality, in the presence of the inversion center between the two spins. In the absence of the inversion center, symmetric spin-dependent electricdipoles are also relevant. The detailed analysis of various symmetries of two-spin states is applied to spin dimer systems and the related multiferroic properties.

The optical spectrum of iridium monosilicide (IrSi) was recently observed using REMPI spectroscopy in the range 17200 to 23850 cm^{-1}. The observation was supported by an ab initio calculation which predicted a X^{2}Δ_{5/2} state. Here, we report on the analysis of the optical Stark effect for the X^{2}Δ_{5/2} and [16.0]1.5 (v=6) states. The (6,0)[16.0]1.5 - X^{2}Δ_{5/2} and the (7,0)[16.0]3.5- X^{2}Δ_{5/2} bands of IrSi have been recorded using high-resolution laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. The observed optical Stark shifts for the ^{193}IrSi and ^{191}IrSi isotopologues were analyzed to produce the electricdipole moments of -0.4139(64)D and 0.7821(63)D for the X^{2}Δ_{5/2} and [16.0]1.5 (v=6) states, respectively. The negative sign of electricdipole moment of the X^{2}Δ_{5/2} state is supported by high-level quantum-chemical calculations employing all-electron scalar-relativistic CCSD(T) method augmented with spin-orbit corrections as well as corrections due to full triple excitations. In particular, electron-correlation effects have been shown to be essential in the prediction of the negative sign of the dipole moment. A comparison with other iridium containing molecules will be made. Maria A. Garcia, Carolin Vietz, Fernando Ruipérez, Michael D. Morse, and Ivan Infante, Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko. J. Chem. Phys., (submitted)

We examine the implication of the recently observed 750 GeV diphoton excess for the electricdipole moments of the neutron and electron. If the excess is due to a spin zero resonance which couples to photons and gluons through the loops of massive vector-like fermions, the resulting neutron electricdipole moment can be comparable to the present experimental bound if the CP-violating angle α in the underlying new physics is of O (10-1). An electron EDM comparable to the present bound can be achieved through a mixing between the 750 GeV resonance and the Standard Model Higgs boson, if the mixing angle itself for an approximately pseudoscalar resonance, or the mixing angle times the CP-violating angle α for an approximately scalar resonance, is of O (10-3). For the case that the 750 GeV resonance corresponds to a composite pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson formed by a QCD-like hypercolor dynamics confining at ΛHC, the resulting neutron EDM can be estimated with α ∼(750 GeV /ΛHC) 2θHC, where θHC is the hypercolor vacuum angle.

Full Text Available We examine the implication of the recently observed 750 GeV diphoton excess for the electricdipole moments of the neutron and electron. If the excess is due to a spin zero resonance which couples to photons and gluons through the loops of massive vector-like fermions, the resulting neutron electricdipole moment can be comparable to the present experimental bound if the CP-violating angle α in the underlying new physics is of O(10−1. An electron EDM comparable to the present bound can be achieved through a mixing between the 750 GeV resonance and the Standard Model Higgs boson, if the mixing angle itself for an approximately pseudoscalar resonance, or the mixing angle times the CP-violating angle α for an approximately scalar resonance, is of O(10−3. For the case that the 750 GeV resonance corresponds to a composite pseudo-Nambu–Goldstone boson formed by a QCD-like hypercolor dynamics confining at ΛHC, the resulting neutron EDM can be estimated with α∼(750 GeV/ΛHC2θHC, where θHC is the hypercolor vacuum angle.

A number of low-rotational lines of the E(4)Δ7/2 ← X(4)Δ7/2 (1,0) band system of cobalt monoxide, CoO, were recorded field free and in the presence of a static electric field. The magnetic hyperfine parameter, h7/2, and the electron quadrupole parameter, eQq0, for the E(4)Δ7/2(υ = 1) state were optimized from the analysis of the field-free spectrum. The permanent electricdipole moment, μ(→)(el), for the X(4)Δ7/2 (υ = 0) and E(4)Δ7/2 (υ = 1) states were determined to be 4.18 ± 0.05 D and 3.28 ± 0.05 D, respectively, from the analysis of the observed Stark spectra of F' = 7 ← F″ = 6 branch feature in the Q(7/2) line and the F' = 8 ← F″ = 7 branch feature in the R(7/2) line. The measured dipole moments of CoO are compared to those from theoretical predictions and the trend across the 3d-metal monoxide series discussed.

The axion electromagnetic anomaly induces an oscillating electricdipole for the electron of frequency $m_a$ and strength $\\sim 10^{-32}$ e-cm, two orders of magnitude above the nucleon, and within four orders of magnitude of the present standard model constant limit. We give a detailed study of this phenomenon via the interaction of the cosmic axion, through the electromagnetic anomaly, with particular emphasis on the decoupling limit of the axion, $\\partial_t a(t)\\propto m_a \\rightarrow 0$. The general form of the action involves a local contact interaction and a nonlocal contribution that enforces the decoupling limit. We derive the effective action in the Pauli-Schroedinger non-relativistic formalism, and in Georgi's heavy quark formalism adapted to the "heavy electron" (heavy compared to $m_a$). We compute the electricdipole radiation emitted by stationary electrons, and we discuss a number of experimental configurations that may yield detectable signals. Phased array radiators with $N^2$ unit cell magn...

We study the effect of the "chromo-electric" dipole moment on the electricdipole moment(EDM) of the neutron in the two Higgs doublet model. We systematically investigate the Weinberg's operator $O_{3g}=GG\\t G$ and the operator $O_{qg}=\\bar q\\sigma\\t Gq$, in the cases of $\\tan\\b\\gg 1$, $\\tan\\b\\ll 1$ and $\\tan\\b\\simeq 1$. It is shown that $O_{sg}$ gives the main contribution to the neutron EDM compared to the other operators, and also that the contributions of $O_{ug}$ and $O_{3g}$ cancel out each other. It is pointed out that the inclusion of second lightest neutral Higgs scalar adding to the lightest one is of essential importance to estimate the neutron EDM. The neutron EDM is considerably reduced due to the destructive contribution with each other if the mass difference of the two Higgs scalars is of the order $O(50\\G)$.

We examine the implication of the recently observed 750 GeV diphoton excess for the electricdipole moments of the neutron and electron. If the excess is due to a spin zero resonance which couples to photons and gluons through the loops of massive vector-like fermions, the resulting neutron electricdipole moment can be comparable to the present experimental bound if the CP-violating angle {\\alpha} in the underlying new physics is of O(10^{-1}). An electron EDM comparable to the present bound can be achieved through a mixing between the 750 GeV resonance and the Standard Model Higgs boson, if the mixing angle itself for an approximately pseudoscalar resonance, or the mixing angle times the CP-violating angle {\\alpha} for an approximately scalar resonance, is of O(10^{-3}). For the case that the 750 GeV resonance corresponds to a composite pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson formed by a QCD-like hypercolor dynamics confining at \\Lambda_HC, the resulting neutron EDM can be estimated with \\alpha ~ (750 GeV / \\Lambda_HC...

A permanent electricdipole moment of fundamental spin-1/2 particles violates both parity (P) and time re- versal (T) symmetry, and hence, also charge-parity (CP) symmetry since there is no sign of CPT-violation. The search for a neutron electricdipole moment (nEDM) probes CP violation within and beyond the Stan- dard Model. The experiment, set up at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), an improved, upgraded version of the apparatus which provided the current best experimental limit, dn < 2.9E-26 ecm (90% C.L.), by the RAL/Sussex/ILL collaboration: Baker et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 131801 (2006). In the next two years we aim to improve the sensitivity of the apparatus to sigma(dn) = 2.6E-27 ecm corresponding to an upper limit of dn < 5E-27 ecm (95% C.L.), in case for a null result. In parallel the collaboration works on the design of a new apparatus to further increase the sensitivity to sigma(dn) = 2.6E-28 ecm.

Electromagnetism would be a ``more unified'' theory if there were elementary magnetic monopoles and/or particles with both electric and magnetic charges (dyons). I discuss the simplest possibilities for the addition of these entities onto the Standard Model, and their empirical consequences. Lower limits on the masses of monopoles and dyons stemming from their quantum effects on current observables turn out to be much stronger than the existing limits from direct searches. Anomalies in the three-photon decay of the Z constitute good specific signatures for monopoles or dyons. T-odd observables in the e^+e^-\\!\\rightarrow\\! W^+W^- process are signatures for dyons, but they are severely constrained by existing data. The subjects of monopolium, monopole cosmology and non-elementary monopoles are also discussed.

The electromagnetic field is determined for a time-varying electricdipole moving with a constant velocity that is parallel to its moment. Graphics are used to visualize this field in the rest frame of the dipole and in the laboratory frame when the dipole is moving at relativistic speed. Various phenomena from special relativity are clearly…

The electromagnetic field is determined for a time-varying electricdipole moving with a constant velocity that is parallel to its moment. Graphics are used to visualize this field in the rest frame of the dipole and in the laboratory frame when the dipole is moving at relativistic speed. Various phenomena from special relativity are clearly…

We calculate the chromoelectric dipole moment (CEDM) of d- and s-quark in the supersymmetric SO(10) model. CEDM is more efficient than quark electricdipole moment (EDM), in inducing the neutron EDM. New, strict constraints on parameters of the supersymmetric SO(10) model follow in this way from the neutron dipole moment experiments. As strict bounds are derived from the upper limits on the dipole moment of odd isotope of mercury.

The best limits on time-reversal violation in the nuclear sector are currently set through electricdipole moment (EDM) searches on the neutron and Hg-199. Recent theoretical calculations predict that atomic EDM measurements of certain octupole-deformed nuclei, e.g., in the radium isotopic chain, are two to three orders of magnitude more sensitive to the underlying time-reversal violation than the one in Hg-199. Ra-225, with nuclear spin 1/2 and a radioactive half-life of 15 days, is a particularly attractive candidate for a tabletop EDM measurement based on a laser-cooling and trapping approach. Towards this end, we have successfully cooled and trapped atoms of Ra-225 and Ra-226 in a magneto-optical trap -- a first for this rare element -- and have identified black-body radiation as a beneficial source of optical repumping. We will present our laser cooling scheme and ongoing measurements of atomic level energies, lifetimes, isotope shifts and hyperfine structure in radium and discuss our progress towards an EDM measurement of Ra-225 based on an optical dipole trap. This work is supported by DOE, Office of Nuclear Physics, under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.

Hyperfine-induced electricdipole contributions may significantly increase probabilities of otherwise very weak electric octupole and magnetic quadrupole atomic clock transitions (e.g. transitions between $s$ and $f$ electron orbitals). These transitions can be used for exceptionally accurate atomic clocks, quantum information processing and search for dark matter. They are very sensitive to new physics beyond the Standard Model, such as temporal variation of the fine structure constant, the Lorentz invariance and Einstein equivalence principle violation. We formulate conditions under which the hyperfine-induced electricdipole contribution dominates. Due to the hyperfine quenching the electric octupole clock transition in $^{173}$Yb$^+$ is two orders of magnitude stronger than that in currently used $^{171}$Yb$^+$. Some enhancement is found in $^{143}$Nd$^{13+}$, $^{149}$Pm$^{14+}$, $^{147}$Sm$^{14+}$, and $^{147}$Sm$^{15+}$ ions.

We study general aspects of the CP-violating effects on the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) and electricdipole moments (EDMs) in models extended by an extra Higgs doublet and a singlet, together with electroweak-interacting fermions. In particular, the emphasis is on the structure of the CP-violating interactions and dependences of the BAU and EDMs on masses of the relevant particles. In a concrete mode, we investigate a relationship between the BAU and the electron EDM for a typical parameter set. As long as the BAU-related CP violation predominantly exists, the electron EDM has a strong power in probing electroweak baryogenesis. However, once a BAU-unrelated CP violation comes into play, the direct correlation between the BAU and electron EDM can be lost. Even in such a case, we point out that verifiability of the scenario still remains with the help of Higgs physics.

Full Text Available We study general aspects of the CP-violating effects on the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU and electricdipole moments (EDMs in models extended by an extra Higgs doublet and a singlet, together with electroweak-interacting fermions. In particular, the emphasis is on the structure of the CP-violating interactions and dependences of the BAU and EDMs on masses of the relevant particles. In a concrete mode, we investigate a relationship between the BAU and the electron EDM for a typical parameter set. As long as the BAU-related CP violation predominantly exists, the electron EDM has a strong power in probing electroweak baryogenesis. However, once a BAU-unrelated CP violation comes into play, the direct correlation between the BAU and electron EDM can be lost. Even in such a case, we point out that verifiability of the scenario still remains with the help of Higgs physics.

Until this day no electricdipole moment of the neutron (nEDM) has been observed. Why it is so vanishing small, escaping detection in the last 50 years, is not easy to explain. In general it is considered as the most sensitive probe for the violation of the combined symmetry of charge and parity (CP). A discovery could shed light on the poorly understood matter/anti-matter asymmetry of the universe. As nucleon it might one day help to distinguish different sources of CP-violation in combination with measurements of the electron and diamagnetic EDMs. This proceedings articles presents an overview of the most important concepts in searches for an nEDM and presents a brief overview of the world wide efforts.

Full Text Available The electricdipole strength distribution in 120Sn has been extracted from proton inelastic scattering experiments at Ep=295 MeV and at forward angles including 0°. It differs from the results of a Sn120(γ,γ′ experiment and peaks at an excitation energy of 8.3 MeV. The total strength corresponds to 2.3(2% of the energy-weighted sum rule and is more than three times larger than what is observed with the (γ,γ′ reaction. This implies a strong fragmentation of the E1 strength and/or small ground state branching ratios of the excited 1− states.

We study a two-component dark matter (DM) model in which the two Majorana fermionic DM components with nearly degenerate masses are stabilized by an $Z_2$ symmetry and interact with the right-handed muon and tau only via real Yukawa couplings, together with an additional $Z_2$-odd singly-charged scalar. In this setup, the decay from the heavy DM to the lighter one via the transition electricdipole yields the 3.55 keV X-ray signal observed recently. The Yukawa couplings in the dark sector are assumed to be hierarchical, so that the observed DM relic abundance can be achieved with the leading s-wave amplitudes without a fine-tuning. We also consider the constraints from flavor physics, DM direct detections and collider searches, respectively.

Neutron electricdipole moment (EDM) due to single quark EDM and to the transition EDM is calculated in the minimal supersymmetric standard model. Assuming that the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix at the grand unification scale is the only source of CP violation, complex phases are induced in parameters of soft supersymmetry breaking at low energies. Chargino one-loop diagram is found to give the dominant contribution of the order of 10^{-27}\\sim 10^{-29}\\:e\\cdotcm for quark EDM, assuming the light chargino mass and the universal scalar mass to be 50 GeV and 100 GeV, respectively. Therefore the neutron EDM in this class of model is difficult to measure experimentally. Gluino one-loop diagram also contributes due to the flavor changing gluino coupling. The transition EDM is found to give dominant contributions for certain parameter regions.

Direct measurement of the electricdipole moment (EDM) of the neutron lies in the future; measurement of a nuclear EDM may well be obtained first. The deuteron is the one nucleus for which exact model calculations can easily be performed. In this report we explore the model dependence of deuteron EDM calculations. Using a separable potential formulation of the Hamiltonian, we examine the sensitivity of the deuteron EDM to variations in the nucleon-nucleon interaction, including contemporary potential models. We compare the full calculation with the result in the plane-wave approximation, explore the tensor force contribution to the model results, and examine the effects of short range repulsion that characterizes realistic, contemporary potential models of the deuteron. We find that separable potential model calculations will provide an adequate description of the deuteron EDM until such time as a measurement of better than 10% is achieved.

The enhancement factor K in the electric-dipole sum rule for some realistic models of symmetrical nuclear matter is calculated using variational theory. The nuclear-matter wave function used contains central, spin, isospin, tensor and spin-orbit pair correlations. The non-central correlations, particularly the tensor one, give the major contribution to K. At experimental equilibrium density K. turns out to be ≈ 1.8, of which 65% comes from OPEP and 30% from the short-range part of the interaction. The two-pion-exchange three-nucleon interaction contributes ≈ 0.2% and is cancelled, to a large extent, by the contribution due to the intermediate-range two-body potential. The relationship of the summed oscillator strength with the effective mass is also discussed.

The X 2 Sigma(+), A 2Pi, and B 2Sigma(+) states of CaOH are characterized theoretically and experimentally, with a focus on the value of the permanent electricdipole moment (mu). Calculations based on SCF and SDCI studies of CaOH (Bauschlicher et al., 1984 and 1986) give mu values of 0.98, 0.49, and 0.11 D for the X, A, and B states, respectively, in good agreement with experiments in which the pure rotational spectra of these states were not detected. Modified Rittner (1951) and ligand-field models of these states are explored in detail, and the applicability of these results to observational searches for CaOH in circumstellar envelopes is indicated.

Electricdipole strength in 120Sn below the neutron threshold has been extracted from proton inelastic scattering experiments at E_p = 295 MeV and at forward angles including 0 degree. The strength distribution is very different from the results of a 120Sn(gamma,gamma') experiment and peaks at an excitation energy of 8.3 MeV. The total strength corresponds to 2.3(2)% of the energy-weighted sum rule and is more than three times larger than what is observed with the (gamma,gamma') reaction. This implies a strong fragmentation of the E1 strength and/or small ground state branching ratios of the excited 1- states.

resonances of all other modes that are not sufficiently suppressed in the antenna. Numerical results for a 4-arm spherical helix antenna filled with magnetic material demonstrate the destroying effect of the parasitic TM11 mode on the antenna Q factor. Theoretical considerations as well as numerical results......Practical aspects of applying a magnetic core to approach the Chu lower bound for the radiation Q factor of an electrically small magnetic dipole antenna are considered. It is shown that although a magnetic core does reduce the Q factor, its effect is not as strong as predicted by Wheeler...... show that in a given range of magnetic permeabilities away from core resonances there is an optimum permeability for which the Q factor is lowest. In the given example, the antenna of the size ka~0.254 yields the Q ratio 1.28 times above the Chu lower bound....

To date no electricdipole moment of the neutron (nEDM) has been observed. Why it is so vanishing small, escaping detection in the last 50 years, is not easy to explain. In general it is considered as the most sensitive probe for the violation of the combined symmetry of charge and parity (CP). A discovery could shed light on the poorly understood matter/anti-matter asymmetry of the universe. The neutron might one day help to distinguish different sources of CP-violation in combination with measurements of the electron and diamagnetic EDMs. This proceedings article presents an overview of the most important concepts in searches for an nEDM and presents a brief overview of the world wide efforts.

We study general aspects of the CP-violating effects on the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) and electricdipole moments (EDMs) in models extended by an extra Higgs doublet and a singlet, together with electroweak-interacting fermions. In particular, the emphasis is on the structure of the CP-violating interactions and dependences of the BAU and EDMs on masses of the relevant particles. In a concrete mode, we investigate a relationship between the BAU and the electron EDM for a typical parameter set. As long as the BAU-related CP violation predominantly exists, the electron EDM has a strong power in probing electroweak baryogenesis. However, once a BAU-unrelated CP violation comes into play, the direct correlation between the BAU and electron EDM can be lost. Even in such a case, we point out that verifiability of the scenario still remains with the help of Higgs physics.

The electricdipole moment (EDM) of paramagnetic atoms is sensitive to the intrinsic EDM contribution from that of its constituent electrons and a scalar-pseudoscalar (S-PS) electron-nucleus interaction. The electron EDM and the S-PS contributions to the EDMs of these atoms scale as approximately Z;{3}. Thus, the heavy paramagnetic atoms will exhibit large EDM enhancement factors. However, the sizes of the couplings are so small that they are of interest of high precision atomic experiments. In this work we have computed the EDM enhancement factors of the ground states of Rb and Cs due to both the electron EDM and the S-PS EDM using the relativistic coupled-cluster theory. The importance of determining precise ab initio enhancement factors and experimental results of atomic EDMs in deducing a reliable limit on the electron EDM is emphasized.

Precise measurement of the electricdipole moments (EDM) of fundamental charged particles would provide a significant probe of physics beyond the standard model. Any measurably large EDM would imply violation of both time reversal and parity conservation, with implications for the matter/anti-matter imbalance of the universe, not currently understood within the standard model. A frequency domain (i.e. difference of frequencies) method is proposed for measuring the EDM of electrons or protons or, with modifications, deuterons. Anticipated precision (i.e. reproducibility) is $10^{-30}\\,$e-cm for the proton EDM, with comparable accuracy (i.e. including systematic error). This would be almost six orders of magnitude smaller than the present upper limit, and will provide a stringent test of the standard model. Resonant polarimetry, made practical by the large polarized beam charge, is the key (most novel, least proven) element of the method. Along with the phase-locked, rolling polarization "Koop spin wheel," reso...

We study general aspects of the CP-violating effects on the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) and electricdipole moments (EDMs) in models extended by an extra Higgs doublet and a singlet, together with electroweak-interacting fermions. In particular, the emphasis is on the structure of the CP-violating interactions and dependences of the BAU and EDMs on masses of the relevant particles. In a concrete mode, we investigate a relationship between the BAU and the electron EDM for a typical parameter set. As long as the BAU-related CP violation predominantly exists, the electron EDM has a strong power in probing electroweak baryogenesis. However, once a BAU-unrelated CP violation comes into play, the direct correlation between the BAU and electron EDM can be lost. Even in such a case, we point out that verifiability of the scenario still remains with the help of Higgs physics.

Electricdipole moments (EDMs) break parity (P) and time-reversal (T) symmetry and thus, by the CPT-theorem, CP-symmetry. Once measured, they will be unambiguous signs of new physics since CP-violation from the standard mechanism predicts EDMs that are experimentally inaccessible in the foreseeable future. We calculate within the framework of effective field theory the two-nucleon contributions to the EDMs of the deuteron, helion, and triton induced by P- and T-violating terms that arise from the QCD θ-term or dimension-6 sources of physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). We demonstrate what insights into physics beyond the SM can be gained from a suitable combination of measurements and, if needed, supplementary lattice QCD calculations.

It was suggested by dimensional analysis that there exists a limit called the Planck energy scale coming close to which the gravitational effects of physical processes would inflate and struggle for equal rights so as to spoil the validity of pure nongravitational physical theories that governed well below the Planck energy. Near the Planck scale, the Planck charges, Planck currents, or Planck parameters can be defined and assigned to physical quantities such as the single particle electric charge and magnetic charge as the ceiling value obeyed by the low energy ordinary physics. The Dirac electric-magnetic charge quantization relation as one form of electric-magnetic duality dictates that, the present low value electric charge corresponds to a huge magnetic charge value already passed the Planck limit so as to render theories of magnetic monopoles into the strong coupling regime, and vice versa, that small and tractable magnetic charge values correspond to huge electric charge values. It suggests that for theoretic models in which the renormalization group equation provides rapid growth for the running electric coupling constant, it is easier for the dual magnetic monopoles to emerge at lower energy scales. Allowing charges to vary with the Dirac electric-magnetic charge quantization relation while keeping values under the Planck limit informs that the magnetic charge value drops below the Planck ceiling value into the manageable region when the electric coupling constant grows to one fourth at a model dependent energy scale, and continues dropping toward half the value of the Planck magnetic charge as the electric coupling constant continues growing at the model dependent rate toward one near Planck energy scale.

The electricdipole form factor (EDFF) of the nucleon stemming from the QCD ¯ term and from the quark color-electricdipole moments is calculated in chiral perturbation theory to sub-leading order. This is the lowest order in which the isoscalar EDFF receives a calculable, non-analytic contribution

In this work, we investigate the radiation Q of electrically small magnetic dipole antennas with magneto-dielectric core versus the antenna electrical size, permittivity and permeability of the core. The investigation is based on the exact theory for a spherical magnetic dipole antenna...

The mean-field dynamics of a molecule with an induced dipole moment (e.g., a homonuclear diatomic molecule) in a deterministic and a stochastic (fluctuating) electric field is solved to obtain the decoherence properties of the system. The average (over fluctuations) electricdipole moment and average angular momentum as a function of time for a Gaussian white noise electric field are determined via perturbative and nonperturbative solutions in the fluctuating field. In the perturbative solution, the components of the average electricdipole moment and the average angular momentum along the deterministic electric field direction do not decay to zero, despite fluctuations in all three components of the electric field. This is in contrast to the decay of the average over fluctuations of a magnetic moment in a Gaussian white noise magnetic field. In the nonperturbative solution, the component of the average electricdipole moment and the average angular momentum in the deterministic electric field direction also decay to zero.

Background: Octupole-deformed nuclei, such as that of $^{225}$Ra, are expected to amplify observable atomic electricdipole moments (EDMs) that arise from time-reversal and parity-violating interactions in the nuclear medium. In 2015, we reported the first "proof-of-principle" measurement of the $^{225}$Ra atomic EDM. Purpose: This work reports on the first of several experimental upgrades to improve the statistical sensitivity of our $^{225}$Ra EDM measurements by orders of magnitude and evaluates systematic effects that contribute to current and future levels of experimental sensitivity. Method: Laser-cooled and trapped $^{225}$Ra atoms are held between two high voltage electrodes in an ultra high vacuum chamber at the center of a magnetically shielded environment. We observe Larmor precession in a uniform magnetic field using nuclear-spin-dependent laser light scattering and look for a phase shift proportional to the applied electric field, which indicates the existence of an EDM. The main improvement to o...

A tool that can constrain, in minutes, beyond-the-standard-model parameters like electricdipole moments (EDM) down to a lower-bound $d_\\text{e}^{\\cal{N}}4.9\\cdot10^{-27}$ where $n_h$ is the ALP number density in the hair.

Movements in muscles are generated by the myosins which interact with the actin filaments. In this paper we present an electric theory to describe how the chemical energy is first stored in electrostatic form in the myosin system and how it is then released and transformed into work. Due to the longitudinal polarized molecular structure with the negative phosphate group tail, the ATP molecule possesses a large electricdipole moment (p(0)), which makes it an ideal energy source for the electricdipole motor of the actomyosin system. The myosin head contains a large number of strongly restrained water molecules, which makes the ATP-driven electricdipole motor possible. The strongly restrained water molecules can store the chemical energy released by ATP binding and hydrolysis processes in the electric form due to their myosin structure fixed electricdipole moments (p(i)). The decrease in the electric energy is transformed into mechanical work by the rotational movement of the myosin head, which follows from the interaction of the dipoles p(i) with the potential field V(0) of ATP and with the potential field Psi of the actin. The electrical meaning of the hydrolysis reaction is to reduce the dipole moment p(0)-the remaining dipole moment of the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is appropriately smaller to return the low negative value of the electric energy nearly back to its initial value, enabling the removal of ADP from the myosin head so that the cycling process can be repeated. We derive for the electric energy of the myosin system a general equation, which contains the potential field V(0) with the dipole moment p(0), the dipole moments p(i) and the potential field psi. Using the previously published experimental data for the electricdipole of ATP (p(0) congruent with 230 debye) and for the amount of strongly restrained water molecules (N congruent with 720) in the myosin subfragment (S1), we show that the Gibbs free energy changes of the ATP binding and

Background: Direct measurement of the electricdipole moment (EDM) of the neutron is in the future; measurement of a nuclear EDM may well come first. The deuteron is one nucleus for which exact model calculations are feasible. Purpose: We explore the model dependence of deuteron EDM calculations. Methods: Using a separable potential formulation of the Hamiltonian, we examine the sensitivity of the deuteron EDM to variation in the nucleon-nucleon interaction. We write the EDM as the sum of two terms, the first depending on the target wave function with plane-wave intermediate states, and the second depending on intermediate multiple scattering in the 3P1 channel, the latter being sensitive to the off-shell behavior of the 3P1 amplitude. Results: We compare the full calculation with the plane-wave approximation result, examine the tensor force contribution to the model results, and explore the effect of short-range repulsion found in realistic, contemporary potential models of the deuteron. Conclusions: Because one-pion exchange dominates the EDM calculation, separable potential model calculations will provide an adequate description of the H2 EDM until such time as a measurement better than 10% is obtained.

We present lattice QCD results on the neutron tensor charges including, for the first time, a simultaneous extrapolation in the lattice spacing, volume, and light quark masses to the physical point in the continuum limit. We find that the "disconnected" contribution is smaller than the statistical error in the "connected" contribution. Our estimates in the modified minimal subtraction scheme at 2 GeV, including all systematics, are g_{T}^{d-u}=1.020(76), g_{T}^{d}=0.774(66), g_{T}^{u}=-0.233(28), and g_{T}^{s}=0.008(9). The flavor diagonal charges determine the size of the neutron electricdipole moment (EDM) induced by quark EDMs that are generated in many new scenarios of CP violation beyond the standard model. We use our results to derive model-independent bounds on the EDMs of light quarks and update the EDM phenomenology in split supersymmetry with gaugino mass unification, finding a stringent upper bound of d_{n}<4×10^{-28} e cm for the neutron EDM in this scenario.

Negative searches for permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs) heavily constrain models of baryogenesis utilising various higher dimensional charge and parity violating (CPV) operators. Using effective field theory, we create a model independent connection between these EDM constraints and the baryon asymmetry of the universe (BAU) produced during a strongly first order electroweak phase transition. The thermal aspects of the high scale physics driving the phase transition are paramaterised by the usual kink solution for the bubble wall profile. We find that operators involving derivatives of the Higgs field yield CPV contributions to the BAU containing derivatives of the Higgs vacuum expectation value (vev), while non-derivative operators lack such contributions. Consequently, derivative operators cannot be eliminated in terms of non-derivative operators (via the equations of motion) if one is agnostic to the new physics that leads to the phase transition. Thus, we re-classify the independent dimension six operators, restricting ourselves to third generation quarks, gauge bosons and the Higgs. Finally, we calculate the BAU (as a function of the bubble wall width and the cutoff) for a derivative and a non-derivative operator, and relate it to the EDM constraints.

Background: The existence of the electricdipole moment (EDM) of stable nuclei would be a direct evidence of the time reversal invariance violation (TRIV). Therefore, its measurement could be considered as a complement to the search for neutron and atomic EDMs.Purpose: To clarify theoretical issues related to calculations of EDMs in many-body systems we calculated the EDMs of the simplest nuclei.Method: For calculations of three-nucleon systems EDMs we used TRIV potentials based on the meson exchange theory, as well as the ones derived by using effective field theories (EFT) with and without explicit pions. Nuclear wave functions were obtained by solving Faddeev equations in configuration space for the complete Hamiltonians comprising both TRIV and realistic strong interactions.Results: The expressions for EDMs of 3He and 3H are given in terms of meson exchange couplings and low energy constants of EFT potentials.Conclusions: The obtained results are compared with the previous calculations of 3He EDM and with time reversal invariance violating effects in neutron-deuteron scattering. The model dependence on strong interactions is discussed.

We present Lattice QCD results on the neutron tensor charges including, for the first time, a simultaneous extrapolation in the lattice spacing, volume, and light quark masses to the physical point in the continuum limit. We find that the "disconnected" contribution is smaller than the statistical error in the "connected" contribution. Our estimates in the $\\overline{\\text{MS}}$ scheme at $2$ GeV, including all systematics, are $g_T^{d-u}=1.020(76)$, $g_T^d = 0.774(66)$, $g_T^u = - 0.233(28)$, and $g_T^s = 0.008(9)$. The flavor diagonal charges determine the size of the neutron electricdipole moment (EDM) induced by quark EDMs that are generated in many new scenarios of CP-violation beyond the Standard Model (BSM). We use our results to derive model-independent bounds on the EDMs of light quarks and update the EDM phenomenology in split Supersymmetry with gaugino mass unification, finding a stringent upper bound of $d_n < 4 \\times 10^{-28} \\, e$ cm for the neutron EDM in this scenario.

We present lattice QCD results on the neutron tensor charges including, for the first time, a simultaneous extrapolation in the lattice spacing, volume, and light quark masses to the physical point in the continuum limit. We find that the "disconnected" contribution is smaller than the statistical error in the "connected" contribution. Our estimates in the modified minimal subtraction scheme at 2 GeV, including all systematics, are gTd -u=1.020 (76 ), gTd=0.774 (66 ), gTu=-0.233 (28 ), and gTs=0.008 (9 ). The flavor diagonal charges determine the size of the neutron electricdipole moment (EDM) induced by quark EDMs that are generated in many new scenarios of C P violation beyond the standard model. We use our results to derive model-independent bounds on the EDMs of light quarks and update the EDM phenomenology in split supersymmetry with gaugino mass unification, finding a stringent upper bound of dnEDM in this scenario.

Background: Octupole-deformed nuclei, such as that of 225Ra, are expected to amplify observable atomic electricdipole moments (EDMs) that arise from time-reversal and parity-violating interactions in the nuclear medium. In 2015 we reported the first "proof-of-principle" measurement of the 225Ra atomic EDM. Purpose: This work reports on the first of several experimental upgrades to improve the statistical sensitivity of our 225Ra EDM measurements by orders of magnitude and evaluates systematic effects that contribute to current and future levels of experimental sensitivity. Method: Laser-cooled and trapped 225Ra atoms are held between two high-voltage electrodes in an ultrahigh-vacuum chamber at the center of a magnetically-shielded environment. We observe Larmor precession in a uniform magnetic field using nuclear-spin-dependent laser light scattering and look for a phase shift proportional to the applied electric field, which indicates the existence of an EDM. The main improvement to our measurement technique is an order-of-magnitude increase in spin-precession time, which is enabled by an improved vacuum system and a reduction in trap-induced heating. Results: We have measured the 225Ra atomic EDM to be less than 1.4 ×10-23e cm (95 % confidence upper limit), which is a factor of 36 improvement over our previous result. Conclusions: Our evaluation of systematic effects shows that this measurement is completely limited by statistical uncertainty. Combining this measurement technique with planned experimental upgrades, we project a statistical sensitivity at the 1 ×10-28e cm level and a total systematic uncertainty at the 4 ×10-29e cm level.

The electric and weak electricdipole form factors for heavy fermions are calculated in the context of the most general two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM). We find that the large top mass can produce a significant enhancement of the electricdipole form factor in the case of the b and c quarks. This effect can be used to distinguish between different 2HDM scenarios.

We present exact SU(2) Yang-Mills-Higgs monopole solutions of one half topological charge. These non-Abelian solutions possess gauge potentials which are singular along either the positive or the negative z-axis and common magnetic fields that are singular only at the origin where the half-monopole is located. These half-monopoles are actually a half Wu-Yang monopole and they can possess a finite point electric charge and become half-dyons. They do not necessarily satisfy the first order Bogomol'nyi equations and they possess infinite energy density at r = 0.

A permanent electricdipole moment of the neutron, a manifestation of the violation of time-reversal symmetry in nature, is an important clue to physics beyond the standard model, and is the subject of a number of ongoing large-scale experimental efforts. Although, in the absence of external electric fields, the dipole moment must lie along the neutron spin, the neutron dipole moment and spin are independent; e.g., the external electric field in Compton scattering on the neutron induces a com...

We calculate the electricdipole form factor of the neutron in a perturbative chiral quark model, parameterizing CP-violation of generic origin by means of effective electricdipole moments of the constituent quarks and their CP-violating couplings to the chiral fields. We discuss the relation of these effective parameters to more fundamental ones such as the intrinsic electric and chromoelectric dipole moments of quarks and the Weinberg parameter. From the existing experimental upper limits on the neutron EDM we derive constraints on these CP-violating parameters.

A benchmark experiment on Pb-208 shows that polarized proton inelastic scattering at very forward angles including 0 degrees is a powerful tool for high-resolution studies of electricdipole (E1) and spin magnetic dipole (M1) modes in nuclei over a broad excitation energy range to test up-to-date nu

An electron can possess an electricdipole moment (edm) only if time reversal symmetry (T) is violated. No edm of any particle has yet been discovered. CP-violation, equivalent to T-violation by the CPT theorem, does occur in Kaon decays and can be accounted for by the standard model. However, this mechanism leads to an electron edm d(sub e) of the order of 10(exp -38) e cm, whereas the current experimental bound on d(sub e) is about 10(exp -27) e cm. However, well-motivated extensions of the standard model such as supersymmetric theories do predict that de could be as large as the current bound. In addition, CP violation in the early universe is required to explain the preponderance of matter over anti-matter, but the exact mechanism of this CP violation is unclear. For these reasons, we are undertaking a new experimental program to determine de to an improved accuracy of 10(exp -29) e cm. Our experiment will use laser-cooled, trapped Cesium atoms to measure the atomic edm d(sub Cs) that occurs if d(sub e) is not zero. In order to do this, we will measure the energy splitting between the atoms spin states in parallel electric and magnetic fields. The signature of an edm would be a linear dependence of the splitting on the electric field E due to the interaction - d(sub Cs) dot E. Our measurement will be much more sensitive than previous measurements because atoms can be stored in the trap for tens of seconds, allowing for much narrower Zeeman resonance linewidths. Also, our method eliminates the most important systematic errors, proportional to atomic velocity, which have limited previous experiments. In this presentation, we will describe the design of our new apparatus, which is presently under construction. An important feature of our experimental apparatus is that magnetic field noise will be suppressed to a very low value of the order of 1 fT/(Hz)1/2. This requires careful attention to the Johnson noise currents in the chamber, which have not been important

For examining the effect of an electrical field (DC) on pea seed, we exposed the pea seeds to electric fields with intensities 1, 4 and 7 kV/cm for 30, 230, 430 and 630 seconds. The tests were repeated three times, and each iteration had 5 seeds. Then, the seeds were moved to packaged plates. Finally, microscopic observation of the pea stem tissue showed that the application of a DC electrical field caused a deformation in the pea stem tissue. The results led us to examine the deformation of the tissue theoretically and to address that deformation as an electrostatic problem. In this regard, we modeled the pea stem based on the formation of electricdipoles. Then, theoretically, we calculated the force acting on each xylem section by coding, and the results were consistent with the experimental data.

A permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) of a particle or system would arise due to breaking of time-reversal, or equivalently CP symmetry. Experiments to date on the neutron, atoms and molecules have only set upper limits on EDMs. New techniques and systems in which the effects of CP violation would be greatly enhanced are driving the field forward. Systems that may be favorable for significant advances include 221,223Rn, where the combination of octupole collectivity and relatively closely spaced opposite parity levels would increase the nuclear Schiff moment by one or more orders of magnitude compared to other diamagnetic atoms, i.e. 199Hg. We have developed and tested at TRIUMF-ISAC an on-line EDM experiment that will collect and make measurements on the short-lived species (T1 / 2 ~ 25 m) featuring high-efficiency collection and spin-exchange polarization of noble-gas isotopes. Nuclear-structure issues include determining the octupole collectivity as well as the spacing of opposite parity levels. Experiments are underway at ISOLDE, NSCL and ISAC to study the nuclear structure of isotopes in this mass region. I will report on progress and comment on how we learn about the basic physical parameters of CP violation from EDM measurements. A permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) of a particle or system would arise due to breaking of time-reversal, or equivalently CP symmetry. Experiments to date on the neutron, atoms and molecules have only set upper limits on EDMs. New techniques and systems in which the effects of CP violation would be greatly enhanced are driving the field forward. Systems that may be favorable for significant advances include 221,223Rn, where the combination of octupole collectivity and relatively closely spaced opposite parity levels would increase the nuclear Schiff moment by one or more orders of magnitude compared to other diamagnetic atoms, i.e. 199Hg. We have developed and tested at TRIUMF-ISAC an on-line EDM experiment that will collect

The predicted Standard Model (SM) electricdipole moments (EDMs) of electrons and quarks are tiny, providing an important window to observe new physics. Theories beyond the SM typically allow relatively large EDMs. The EDMs depend on the relative phases of terms in the effective Lagrangian of the extended theory, which are generally unknown. Underlying theories, such as string/M-theories compactified to four dimensions, could predict the phases and thus EDMs in the resulting supersymmetric (SUSY) theory. Earlier one of us, with collaborators, made such a prediction and found, unexpectedly, that the phases were predicted to be zero at tree level in the theory at the unification or string scale ˜ O(1016 GeV). Electroweak (EW) scale EDMs still arise via running from the high scale, and depend only on the SM Yukawa couplings that also give the CKM phase. Here we extend the earlier work by studying the dependence of the low scale EDMs on the constrained but not fully known fundamental Yukawa couplings. The dominant contribution is from two loop diagrams and is not sensitive to the choice of Yukawa texture. The electron EDM should not be found to be larger than about 5 × 10-30 e cm, and the neutron EDM should not be larger than about 5 × 10-29 e cm. These values are quite a bit smaller than the reported predictions from Split SUSY and typical effective theories, but much larger than the Standard Model prediction. Also, since models with random phases typically give much larger EDMs, it is a significant testable prediction of compactified M-theory that the EDMs should not be above these upper limits. The actual EDMs can be below the limits, so once they are measured they could provide new insight into the fundamental Yukawa couplings of leptons and quarks. We comment also on the role of strong CP violation. EDMs probe fundamental physics near the Planck scale.

The radiation properties of spherical electricdipole antennas with electric current excitation and material-coated perfectly electrically conducting (PEC) cores are investigated analytically using vector spherical wave functions. Closed-form expressions for electric and magnetic stored energy as...... as well as the radiation quality factor $Q$ are derived. Using these, it is shown that properly selected magnetic coating and radius of the PEC core vastly reduce the internal stored energy, and thus make the $Q$ of an electricdipole antenna approach the Chu lower bound....

Graphene was inserted into the interface between electricdipole layers from DEME-TFSI ionic liquid (top-gate) and ferroelectric Pb0.92La0.08Zr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PLZT, back-gate) to probe the interface dipole-dipole interaction in response to DC and pulsed gate voltages. A highly complicated behavior of the interface dipole-dipole interaction has been revealed as a combination of electrostatic and electrochemical effects. The interfacial polar molecules in the DEME-TFSI electrical double layer are pinned with assistance from the PLZT back-gate in response to a DC top-gate pump, leading to strong nonlinear electrochemical behavior. In contrast, depinning of these molecules can be facilitated by a faster pulsed top-gate pump, which results in a characteristic linear electrostatic behavior. This result not only sheds light on the dynamic dipole-dipole interactions on the interface between functional materials but also prototypes a unique pump and probe approach using graphene field effect transistors to detect the interface dipole-dipole interaction.

Exciton superfluid is a macroscopic quantum phenomenon in which large quantities of excitons undergo the Bose-Einstein condensation. Recently, exciton superfluid has been widely studied in various bilayer systems. However, experimental measurements only provide indirect evidence for the existence of exciton superfluid. In this article, by viewing the exciton in a bilayer system as an electricdipole, we derive the London-type and Ginzburg-Landau-type equations for the electricdipole superconductors. By using these equations, we discover the Meissner-type effect and the electricdipole current Josephson effect. These effects can provide direct evidence for the formation of the exciton superfluid state in bilayer systems and pave new ways to drive an electricdipole current.

An electro-optical method of crossed electric fields is proposed for determining constant dipole colloidal particles moments of colloidal particles. Fields of this type make it possible to study the motion of colloidal particles determined exclusively by their constant moments, which substantially improves the measurement accuracy of these moments. This is of particular importance for the investigation of colloidal particles with constant dipole moments less than or comparable to induced dipole moments. For a number of disperse systems, the constant dipole moments per unit area of particles are determined. It is shown that the values of these specific moments are close to each other.

Multiferroic behavior in an isotropic Heisenberg spin glass with Gaussian random fields,incorporated bymagnetoelectric coupling derived from the Landau symmetry argument,are investigated.Electricdipole glass transitions at finite ternperature,due to coupling,are demonstrated by Monte Carlo simulation.This electricdipole glass state is solely ascribed to the coupling term with chiral symmetry of the magnetization,while the term associated with the spatial derivative of the squared magnetization has no contribution.

Spontaneous emission patterns of electric and magnetic dipoles on different metallic surfaces and a hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) surface were simulated using the dyadic Green’s function technique. The theoretical approach was verified by experimental results obtained by measuring angular......-dependent emission spectra of europium ions on top of different films. The results show the modified behavior of electric and magnetic dipoles on metallic and HMM surfaces. The results of numerical calculations agree well with experimental data....

The radioactive radium-225 ((225)Ra) atom is a favorable case to search for a permanent electricdipole moment. Because of its strong nuclear octupole deformation and large atomic mass, (225)Ra is particularly sensitive to interactions in the nuclear medium that violate both time-reversal symmetry and parity. We have developed a cold-atom technique to study the spin precession of (225)Ra atoms held in an optical dipole trap, and demonstrated the principle of this method by completing the first measurement of its atomic electricdipole moment, reaching an upper limit of |d((225)Ra)|<5.0×10(-22) e cm (95% confidence).

The electricdipole moment p(r) was computed as the integral of the permanent dipole moment of the solvent molecule μ(r) weighted by the orientational probability distribution Ω(r;O) over all orientations, where O is the orientation of the solvent molecule at r. The relationship between Ω(r;O) and the potential of the mean torque was derived; p(r) is proportional to the electric field E(r) under the following assumptions: (1) the van der Waals (vdW) interaction is independent of the orientation of the solvent molecule at r; (2) the solvent molecule and its electrical effect are modeled as a point dipole moment; (3) the solvent molecule at r is in a region far from the solute; and (4) μE(r) ≪ k(B) T, where k(B) is Boltzmann's constant and T is absolute temperature. The errors caused by calculating near-solute Ω(r) and p(r) from E(r) are unclear. The results show that Ω(r) is inconsistent with the value calculated from E(r) for water molecules in the first and second shells of solute with charge state Q = ±1 e, and a large variation in solvent molecular polarizability γ(mol) (r), which appeared in the first valley of 4πr(2) E(r) for |Q| < 1 e. Nonetheless, p(r) is consistent with the values calculated from E(r) for |Q| ≤ 1 e. The implication is that the assumptions for calculating p(r) can be ignored in the calculation of the solvation free energy of biomolecules, as they pertain to protein folding and protein-protein/ligand interactions.

Two novel transient controlled source electromagnetic methods called circular electricaldipole (CED) and differential electricaldipole (DED) are theoretically analysed for applications in shallow marine environments. 1-D and 3-D time-domain modelling studies are used to investigate the detectability and applicability of the methods when investigating resistive layers/targets representing hydrocarbon-saturated formations. The results are compared to the conventional time-domain horizontal electricaldipole (HED) and vertical electricaldipole (VED) sources. The applied theoretical modelling studies demonstrate that CED and DED have higher signal detectability towards resistive targets compared to TD-CSEM, but demonstrate significantly poorer signal amplitudes. Future CED/DED applications will have to solve this issue prior to measuring. Furthermore, the two novel methods have very similar detectability characteristics towards 3-D resistive targets embedded in marine sediments as VED while being less susceptible towards non-verticality. Due to the complex transmitter design of CED/DED the systems are prone to geometrical errors. Modelling studies show that even small transmitter inaccuracies have strong effects on the signal characteristics of CED making an actual marine application difficult at the present time. In contrast, the DED signal is less affected by geometrical errors in comparison to CED and may therefore be more adequate for marine applications.

In this paper we describe a methodology for tailoring the design of metamaterial dielectric resonators, which represent a promising path toward low-loss metamaterials at optical frequencies. We first describe a procedure to decompose the far field scattered by subwavelength resonators in terms of multipolar field components, providing explicit expressions for the multipolar far fields. We apply this formulation to confirm that an isolated high-permittivity cube resonator possesses frequency separated electric and magnetic dipole resonances, as well as a magnetic quadrupole resonance in close proximity to the electricdipole resonance. We then introduce multiple dielectric gaps to the resonator geometry in a manner suggested by perturbation theory, and demonstrate the ability to overlap the electric and magnetic dipole resonances, thereby enabling directional scattering by satisfying the first Kerker condition. We further demonstrate the ability to push the quadrupole resonance away from the degenerate dipole ...

The neutron, in addition to possibly having a permanent electricdipole moment as a consequence of violation of time-reversal invariance, develops an induced electricdipole moment in the presence of an external electric field. We present here a unified nonrelativistic description of these two phenomena, in which the dipole moment operator, [Formula: see text], is not constrained to lie along the spin operator. Although the expectation value of [Formula: see text] in the neutron is less than [Formula: see text] of the neutron radius, [Formula: see text], the expectation value of [Formula: see text] is of order [Formula: see text] We determine the spin motion in external electric and magnetic fields, as used in past and future searches for a permanent dipole moment, and show that the neutron electric polarizability, although entering the neutron energy in an external electric field, does not affect the spin motion. In a simple nonrelativistic model we show that the expectation value of the permanent dipole is, to lowest order, proportional to the product of the time-reversal-violating coupling strength and the electric polarizability of the neutron.

A recent paper of Flambaum, Roberts and Stadnik, [1], claims there is no induced oscillating electricdipole moment (OEDM), eg, for the electron, arising from the oscillating cosmic axion background via the anomaly. This claim is based upon the assumption that electricdipoles always be defined by their coupling to static (constant in time) electric fields. The relevant Feynman diagram, as computed by [1], then becomes a total divergence, and vanishes in momentum space. However, an OEDM does arise from the anomaly, coupled to time dependent electric fields. It shares the decoupling properties with the anomaly. The full action, in an arbitrary gauge, was computed in [2], [3]. It is nonvanishing with a time dependent outgoing photon, and yields physics, eg, electricdipole radiation of an electron immersed in a cosmic axion field.

A recent paper of Flambaum, Roberts and Stadnik, [1], claims there is no induced oscillating electricdipole moment (OEDM), eg, for the electron, arising from the oscillating cosmic axion background via the anomaly. This claim is based upon the assumption that electricdipoles always be defined by their coupling to static (constant in time) electric fields. The relevant Feynman diagram, as computed by [1], then becomes a total divergence, and vanishes in momentum space. However, an OEDM does arise from the anomaly, coupled to time dependent electric fields. It shares the decoupling properties with the anomaly. The full action, in an arbitrary gauge, was computed in [2], [3]. It is nonvanishing with a time dependent outgoing photon, and yields physics, eg, electricdipole radiation of an electron immersed in a cosmic axion field.

An intracavity CO laser magnetic resonance spectrometer with homogeneous dc electric field applied via a pairof parallel Stark plates in the absorption cell is used to measure the electricdipole moments of free radicals.Taking advantage of the high sensitivity and high resolution of this technique and the Stark effect, highlyresolved saturated absorption spectra of the ν ＝ 1 - 0 transition of 15 N16 O in the ground state X2 П3/2 have beensuccessfully observed in the presence of a low electric field. The electricdipole moment of NO in the electronicground state is determined asμ ＝ 0.1566 ± 14D (Debye) from the analysis of the observed spectra, confirmingthat, combined with the Stark field, the laser magnetic resonance technique can be an effective and reliableapproach for the precise measurement of electricdipole moments of free radicals, especially unstable ones.

This work extends the theory of a spherical magnetic dipole antenna with magnetic core by numerical results for practical antenna configurations that excite higher-order modes besides the main TE10 spherical mode. The multiarm spherical helix (MSH) and the spherical split ring (SSR) antennas...

New results for electricdipole strength in the chain of even-even Calcium isotopes with the mass numbers A = 40 - 54 are presented. Starting from the covariant Lagrangian of Quantum Hadrodynamics, spectra of collective vibrations (phonons) and phonon-nucleon coupling vertices for $J \\leq 6$ and normal parity were computed in a self-consistent relativistic quasiparticle random phase approximation (RQRPA). These vibrations coupled to Bogoliubov two-quasiparticle configurations (2q$\\otimes$phonon) form the model space for the calculations of the dipole response function in the relativistic quasiparticle time blocking approximation (RQTBA). The results for giant dipole resonance in the latter approach are compared to those obtained in RQRPA and to available data. Evolution of the dipole strength with neutron number is investigated for both high-frequency giant dipole resonance (GDR) and low-lying strength. Development of a pygmy resonant structure on the low-energy shoulder of GDR is traced and analyzed in terms...

The neutron, in addition to possibly having a permanent electricdipole moment as a consequence of violation of time-reversal invariance, develops an induced electricdipole moment in the presence of an external electric field. We present here a unified non-relativistic description of these two phenomena, in which the dipole moment operator, $\\vec{\\cal D}$, is not constrained to lie along the spin operator. Although the expectation value of $\\vec{\\cal D}$ in the neutron is less than $10^{-13}$ of the neutron radius, $r_n$, the expectation value of $\\vec {\\cal D}\\,^2$ is of order $r_n^2$. We determine the spin motion in external electric and magnetic fields, as employed in past and future searches for a permanent dipole moment, and show that the neutron electric polarizability, although entering the neutron energy in an external electric field, does not affect the spin motion. In a simple non-relativistic model we show that the expectation value of the permanent dipole is, to lowest order, proportional to the ...

The excitation of low frequency whistler modes from different antennas has been investigated experimentally in a large laboratory plasma. One antenna consists of a linear electricdipole oriented across the uniform ambient magnetic field B0. The other antenna is an elongated loop with dipole moment parallel to B0. Both antennas are driven by the same rf generator which produces a rf burst well below the electron cyclotron frequency. The antenna currents as well as the wave magnetic fields from each antenna are measured. Both the antenna currents and the wave fields of the loop antenna exceed that of the electricdipole by two orders of magnitude. The conclusion is that loop antennas are far superior to dipole antennas for exciting large amplitude whistler modes, a result important for active wave experiments in space plasmas.

In the present paper the closed expressions of a class of non tabulated Fourier integrals are derived. These integrals are associated with a group of functions at space domain, which represent the electric potential of a distribution of elongated dipoles which are perpendicular to a flat surface. It is shown that the Fourier integrals are produced by the Fourier transform of the Green's function of the potential of the dipole distribution, times a definite integral in which the distribution of the polarization is involved. Therefore the form of this distribution controls the expression of the Fourier integral. Introducing various dipole distributions, the respective Fourier integrals are derived. These integrals may be useful in the quantitative interpretation of electric potential anomalies produced by elongated dipole distributions, at spatial frequency domain.

A new lower bound for the radiation $Q$ of electrically small spherical magnetic dipole antennas with solid magnetodielectric core is derived in closed form using the exact theory. The new bound approaches the Chu lower bound from above as the antenna electrical size decreases. For $ka, the new...

Accurate theoretical dipole moments (mu(sub c) have been computed for the X(exp 2)Pi ground states of Si(-)H(+)(0.118 D), Ge(+)H(-)(0.085 D) and Sn(+)H(-)(0.357 D). The trend down the periodic table is regular and follows that expected from the electronegativities of the group IV atoms. The dipole moment of 1.24 +/- 0.1 D for GeH recently derived by Brown, Evenson and Sears from the relative intensities of electric and magnetic dipole transitions in the 10 microns spectrum of the X(exp 2)Pi state is seriously questioned.

Taking advantage of magnetic field ra-diated by magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole in anisotropic magnetic medium which had been calculated already, the authors go further to calculate radiating elec-tric field and to confirm the correctness of results.

This paper presents the calculation of the electric transition dipole moment in a pre-Born-Oppenheimer framework. Electrons and nuclei are treated equally in terms of the parametrization of the non-relativistic total wave function, which is written as a linear combination of basis functions constructed with explicitly correlated Gaussian functions and the global vector representation. The integrals of the electric transition dipole moment are derived corresponding to these basis functions in both the length and the velocity representation. The complete derivation and the calculations are performed in laboratory-fixed Cartesian coordinates without relying on coordinates which separate the center of mass from the translationally invariant degrees of freedom. The effect of the overall motion is eliminated via translationally invariant integral expressions. As a numerical example the electric transition dipole moment is calculated between two rovibronic levels of the H2 molecule assignable to the lowest rovibrati...

The electricdipole moment of an electron (eEDM) is one of the sensitive probes of physics beyond the standard model. The possible existence of the eEDM gives rise to an experimentally observed energy shift, which is proportional to the effective electric field (Eeff) of a target molecule. Hence, an analysis of the quantities that enhance Eeff is necessary to identify suitable molecules for eEDM searches. In the context of such searches, it is generally believed that a molecule with larger electric polarization also has a larger value of Eeff. However, our Dirac-Fock and relativistic coupled-cluster singles and doubles calculations show that the hydrides of Yb and Hg have larger Eeff than those of fluorides, even though their polarizations are smaller. This is due to significant mixing of valence s and p orbitals of the heavy atom in the molecules. This mixing has been attributed to the energy differences of the valence atomic orbitals and the overlap of the two atomic orbitals based on the orbital interactio...

We propose to search for axion dark matter via the oscillating electricdipole moments that axions induce in atoms and molecules. These moments are produced through the intrinsic oscillating electricdipole moments of nucleons and through the $P,T$-violating nucleon-nucleon interaction mediated by pion exchange, both of which arise due to the axion-gluon coupling, and also directly through the axion-electron interaction. Axion dark matter may also be sought for through the spin-precession effects that axions produce by directly coupling to fermion spins.

We analyze the two-loop level R-parity violating supersymmetric contribution to the electric and chromoelectric dipole moments of the fermion with neutrino and gaugino in the intermediate state. It is found that this contribution can be sufficiently enhanced with large tan {\\beta} and that it can have comparable size with the currently known R-parity violating Barr-Zee type process in the TeV scale supersymmetry breaking. We also give new limits on the R-parity violating couplings from the experimental data of the electricdipole moments of the neutron and the electron.

Diffractively coupled plasmonic resonances possess both ultra-sharp linewidths and giant electric field enhancement around plasmonic nanostructures. They can be applied to create a new generation of sensors, detectors, and nano-optical devices. However, all current designs require stringent index-matching at the resonance condition that limits their applicability. Here, we propose and demonstrate that it is possible to relieve the index-matching requirement and to induce ultra-sharp plasmon resonances in an ordered vertically aligned optical nano-antenna phased array by transforming a dipole resonance to a monopole resonance with a mirror plane. Due to the mirror image effect, the monopole resonance not only retained the dipole features but also enhanced them. The engineered resonances strongly suppressed the radiative decay channel, resulting in a four-order of magnitude enhancement in local electric field and a Q-factor greater than 200.

The traditional organization of the electric power sector, based on a monopoly or quasi-monopoly situation with a juxtaposition of powerful integrated operators for the production and transport of power and its supply to huge geographical areas is today reconsidered in most countries worldwide. The deregulation of the electricity market and the introduction of competition among the power operators raises several questions concerning the organization of markets, the grid access tariffing, the coordination between networks management and markets management, the perenniality of public utility missions etc. This article aims at analyzing these questions in order to foresee the organization of the future European electricity market. (J.S.)

An investigation of dipole states in ^238U is important for the fundamental understanding of its structure. Precise experimental information on the distribution of M1 and E1 transitions in ^238U has been obtained using the nuclear resonance fluorescence technique at the High-Intensity γ-ray Source at the Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory. Using 100% linearly-polarized, monoenergetic γ-ray beams between incident energies of 2.0 - 5.5 MeV, the spin, parity, width, and γ-strength of the ground-state deexcitations were determined. These measurements will form a unique data set that can be used for comparison with theoretical models of collective excitations in heavy, deformed nuclei. The data can also provide isotope-specific signatures to search for special nuclear materials.

.... Based on a quantum field theoretic development of de Broglie’s and Heisenberg’s fusion ideas and the results of preceding papers a transparent proof is given that such magnetic monopoles can occur during discharges...

The electricdipole strength distribution in Ca-48 between 5 and 25 MeV has been determined at RCNP, Osaka, from proton inelastic scattering experiments at forward angles. Combined with photoabsorption data at higher excitation energy, this enables for the first time the extraction of the electricdipole polarizability alpha_D(Ca-48) = 2.07(22) fm^3. Remarkably, the dipole response of Ca-48 is found to be very similar to that of Ca-40, consistent with a small neutron skin in Ca-48. The experimental results are in good agreement with ab initio calculations based on chiral effective field theory interactions and with state-of-the-art density-functional calculations, implying a neutron skin in Ca-48 of 0.14 - 0.20 fm.

Bilayer lipid membranes [BLMs] are an essential component of all biological systems, forming a functional barrier for cells and organelles from the surrounding environment. The lipid molecules that form membranes contain both permanent and induced dipoles, and an electric field can induce the formation of pores when the transverse field is sufficiently strong (electroporation). Here, a phenomenological free energy is constructed to model the response of a BLM to a transverse static electric field. The model contains a continuum description of the membrane dipoles and a coupling between the headgroup dipoles and the membrane tilt. The membrane is found to become unstable through buckling modes, which are weakly coupled to thickness fluctuations in the membrane. The thickness fluctuations, along with the increase in interfacial area produced by membrane buckling, increase the probability of localized membrane breakdown, which may lead to pore formation. The instability is found to depend strongly on the strengt...

Light leptonic magnetic monopoles were predicted by Lochak [G. Lochak, Intern. J. Theor. Phys. 24, 1019 (1985).]. Experimental indications based on nuclear transmutations were announced by Urutskoiev et al. [L. I. Urutskoiev, V. I. Liksonov, V. G. Tsinoev, Ann. Fond. L. de Broglie 27, Nr.4, 791 (2002).] and Urutskoev [L. J. Urutskoev, Ann. Fond. L. de Broglie 29, 1149 (2004).]. A theoretical interpretation of these transmutations is proposed under the assumption that light leptonic magnetic monopoles are created during spark discharges in water. The latter should be excited neutrinos according to Lochak. This hypothesis enforces the introduction of an extended Standard Model described in previous papers. The most important results of this study are (i) that multiple proton captures are responsible for the variety of transmutations and that leptonic magnetic monopoles are involved in these processes (ii) that electromagnetic duality can be established for bound states of leptonic monopoles although massive monopoles are in general unstable (iii) that criteria for the emission of leptonic magnetic monopoles and for their catalytic effect on weak decays are set up and elaborated. The study can be considered as a contribution to the efforts of Urutskoiev and Lochak to understand the reasons for accidents in power plants.

The electricdipole form factor (EDFF) of the nucleon stemming from the QCD (theta) over bar term and from the quark color-electricdipole moments is calculated in chiral perturbation theory to sub-leading order. This is the lowest order in which the isoscalar EDFF receives a calculable, non-analyti

We present the concept of a compact storage ring of less than 0.5 m orbit radius to search for the electricdipole moment (EDM) of the muon (d(mu)) by adapting the 'frozen spin' method. At existing muon facilities a statistics limited sensitivity of d(mu) similar to 7 x 10(-23) e cm can be achieved

Measurement of the electricdipole moment of H or HE may well come prior to the coveted measurement of the neutron EDM. Exact model calculations for the deuteron are feasible, and we explore here the model dependence of such deuteron EDM calculations.

Spherical active coated nano-particles comprised of a silica nano-cylinder core covered with a plasmonic nano-shell are investigated with regard to their near- and far-field properties. The source of excitation is taken to be that of a tangential or a radial electric Hertizan dipole while three...

The interaction between a quantum mechanical system and plane wave light is usually modeled within the electricdipole approximation. This assumes that the intensity of the incident field is constant over the length of the system and transition probabilities are described in terms of the electricdipole transition moment. For short wavelength spectroscopies, such as X-ray absorption, the electricdipole approximation often breaks down. Higher order multipoles are then included to describe transition probabilities. The square of the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole are often included, but this results in an origin-dependent expression for the oscillator strength. The oscillator strength can be made origin-independent if all terms through the same order in the wave vector are retained. We will show the consequences and potential pitfalls of using either of these two expressions. It is shown that the origin-dependent expression may violate the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn sum rule and the origin-independent expression can result in negative transition probabilities.

Full Text Available The neutron ElectricDipole Moment (nEDM is a probe for physics beyond the Standard Model. A report on the nEDM measurement performed at the Paul Scherrer Institute (Switzerland is given. A neutron spin analyzer designed to simultaneously detect both neutron spin states is presented.

The Schiff theorem is revisited in this work and the residual P- and T-odd electron-nucleus interaction, after the shielding takes effect, is completely specified. An application is made to the electricdipole moments of hydrogen-like atoms, whose qualitative features and systematics have important

We show that the proposed measurements of the electricdipole moments of light nuclei in storage rings would put strong constraints on models of flavor-diagonal CP violation. Our analysis is exemplified by a comparison of the Standard Model including the QCD theta term, the minimal left-right symmet

The experimental precision of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon has been improved to 0.5 part-per-million by the Brookhaven E821 experiment, similar to the theoretical uncertainty. In the same experiment, a new limit on the electricdipole moment of 2.8 x 10(-19) e-cm (95% CL) was set. The e

A system of linearized quantum plasma equations (quantum hydrodynamic model) has been used for investigating the dispersion equation for electrostatic waves in the plasma. Furthermore, dispersion relations and their modifications due to quantum effects are used for calculating the power loss of an oscillating electricdipole. Finally, the results are compared in quantum and classical regimes.

We evaluate the long distance weak contribution to the neutron and proton electricdipole moments using an effective Lagrangian framework. We estimate the coefficients needed by a factorization hypothesis and additional assumptions on Î³5 terms in the baryon lagrangian. We obtain |dne| â‰ˆ 5 Ã— 10-3

We present results from a first demonstration of a magnetic field monitoring system for a neutron electricdipole moment experiment. The system is designed to reconstruct the vector components of the magnetic field in the interior measurement region solely from exterior measurements.

We set up the framework for the calculation of electricdipole moments (EDMs) of light nuclei using the systematic expansion provided by chiral effective field theory (EFT). We take into account parity (P) and timer-reversal (T) violation which, at the quark-gluon level, originates from the QCD vacu

The nuclear physics relevant to the electricdipole moment (EDM) of the deuteron is addressed. The general operator structure of the P- and T-odd nucleon-nucleon interaction is discussed and applied to the two-body contributions of the deuteron EDM, which can be calculated in terms of P- and T-odd m

A new experiment is described to detect a permanent electricdipole moment of the proton with a sensitivity of $10^{-29}e\\cdot$cm by using polarized "magic" momentum $0.7$~GeV/c protons in an all-electric storage ring. Systematic errors relevant to the experiment are discussed and techniques to address them are presented. The measurement is sensitive to new physics beyond the Standard Model at the scale of 3000~TeV.

A new experiment is described to detect a permanent electricdipole moment of the proton with a sensitivity of $10^{-29}e\\cdot$cm by using polarized "magic" momentum $0.7$~GeV/c protons in an all-electric storage ring. Systematic errors relevant to the experiment are discussed and techniques to address them are presented. The measurement is sensitive to new physics beyond the Standard Model at the scale of 3000~TeV.

A new experiment is described to detect a permanent electricdipole moment of the proton with a sensitivity of 10(-29) e ⋅ cm by using polarized "magic" momentum 0.7 GeV/c protons in an all-electric storage ring. Systematic errors relevant to the experiment are discussed and techniques to address them are presented. The measurement is sensitive to new physics beyond the standard model at the scale of 3000 TeV.

An electrical resistivity survey in the Colado geothermal area, Pershing County, Nevada has defined areas of low resistivity on each of five lines surveyed. Some of these areas appear to be fault controlled. Thermal fluids encountered in several drill holes support the assumption that the hot fluids may be associated with areas of low resistivity. The evidence of faulting as interpreted from modeling of the observed resistivity data is therefore particularly significant since these structures may be the conduits for the thermal fluids. Sub-alluvial fault zones are interpreted to occur between stations 0-5 NW on Line D and on Line A between stations 4 NW and 4 SE. Fault zones are also interpreted on Line C near stations 1 NW, 1 SE, and 3 SE, and on Line E between stations 2-4 NW and near 1 SE. No faulting is evident under the alluvial cover on the southwest end of Line B. A deep conductive zone is noted within the mountain range on two resistivity lines. There is no definite indication that thermal fluids are associated with this resistivity feature.

Dirac showed that the existence of one magnetic pole in the universe could offer an explanation for the discrete nature of the electric charge. Magnetic poles appear naturally in most grand unified theories. Their discovery would be of the greatest importance for particle physics and cosmology. The intense experimental search carried out thus far has not met with success. Moreover, if the monopoles are very massive their production is outside the range of present day facilities. A way out of this impasse would be if the monopoles bind to form monopolium, a monopole-antimonopole bound state, which is so strongly bound that it has a relatively small mass. Under these circumstances it could be produced with present day facilities and the existence of monopoles could be indirectly proven. We study the feasibility of detecting monopolium in present and future accelerators. (orig.)

Limits on the anomalous magnetic moment and the electricdipole moment of the {tau} lepton are calculated through the reaction e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} {tau}{sup +}{tau}{sup -} {gamma} at the Z{sub 1}-pole and in the framework of a left-right symmetric model. The results are based on the recent data reported by the L3 Collaboration at CERN LEP. Due to the stringent limit of the model mixing angle {phi}, the effect of this angle on the dipole moments is quite small.

The radioactive radium-225 ($^{225}$Ra) atom is a favorable case to search for a permanent electricdipole moment (EDM). Due to its strong nuclear octupole deformation and large atomic mass, $^{225}$Ra is particularly sensitive to interactions in the nuclear medium that violate both time-reversal symmetry and parity. We have developed a cold-atom technique to study the spin precession of $^{225}$Ra atoms held in an optical dipole trap, and demonstrated the principle of this method by completing the first measurement of its atomic EDM, reaching an upper limit of $|$$d$($^{225}$Ra)$|$ $

In this study quasiparticle random-phase approximation with the translational invariant Hamiltonian using deformed mean field potential has been conducted to describe electricdipole excitations in 136Xe, 138Ba, 140Ce, 142Nd, 144Sm and 146Gd isotones. The distribution of the calculated E1 strength shows a resonance like structure at energies between 6-8 MeV exhausting up to 1% of the isovector electricdipole Energy Weighted Sum Rule and in some aspects nicely confirms the experimental data. It has been shown that the main part of E1 strength, observed below the threshold in these nuclei may be interpreted as main fragments of the Pygmy Dipole resonance. The agreement between calculated mean excitation energies as well as summed B(E1) value of the 1- excitations and the available experimental data is quite good. The calculations indicate the presence of a few prominent positive parity 1+ States in heavy N = 82 isotones in the energy interval 6-8 MeV which shows not all dipole excitations were of electric character in this energy range.

A nonzero electricdipole moment (EDM) of the neutron, proton, deuteron or helion, in fact, of any finite system necessarily involves the breaking of a symmetry, either by the presence of external fields (i.e. electric fields leading to the case of induced EDMs) or explicitly by the breaking of the discrete parity and time-reflection symmetries in the case of permanent EDMs. We discuss two theorems describing these phenomena and report about the cosmological motivation for an existence of CP breaking beyond what is generated by the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism in the Standard Model and what this might imply for the permanent electricdipole moments of the nucleon and light nuclei by estimating a window of opportunity for physics beyond what is currently known. Recent - and in the case of the deuteron even unpublished - results for the relevant matrix elements of nuclear EDM operators are presented and the relevance for disentangling underlying New Physics sources are discussed.

We explore the classical dynamics of two interacting rotating dipoles that are fixed in the space and exposed to an external homogeneous electric field. Kinetic energy transfer mechanisms between the dipoles are investigated varying both the amount of initial excess kinetic energy of one of them and the strength of the electric field. In the field-free case, and depending on the initial excess energy an abrupt transition between equipartition and non-equipartition regimes is encountered. The study of the phase space structure of the system as well as the formulation of the Hamiltonian in an appropriate coordinate frame provide a thorough understanding of this sharp transition. When the electric field is turned on, the kinetic energy transfer mechanism is significantly more complex and the system goes through different regimes of equipartition and non-equipartition of the energy including chaotic behavior.

permeability yields the quality factor Q that constitutes the lower bound for a magnetic dipole antenna with a magneto-dielectric core. Furthermore, the smaller the antenna the closer its quality factor Q can approach the Chu lower bound. Simulated results for the TE10-mode multiarm spherical helix antenna......We investigate the quality factor Q for electrically small current distributions and practical antenna designs radiating the TE10 magnetic dipole field. The current distributions and the antenna designs employ electric currents on a spherical surface enclosing a magneto-dielectric material...... numerically. It is found that for a given antenna size and permittivity there is an optimum permeability that ensures the lowest possible Q, and this optimum permeability is inversely proportional to the square of the antenna electrical radius. When the relative permittivity is equal to 1, the optimum...

Understanding the agglomeration of dust particles in complex plasmas requires knowledge of basic properties such as the net electrostatic charge and dipole moment of the dust. In this study, dust aggregates are formed from gold-coated mono-disperse spherical melamine-formaldehyde monomers in a radiofrequency (rf) argon discharge plasma. The behavior of observed dust aggregates is analyzed both by studying the particle trajectories and by employing computer models examining three-dimensional structures of aggregates and their interactions and rotations as induced by torques arising from their dipole moments. These allow the basic characteristics of the dust aggregates, such as the electrostatic charge and dipole moment, as well as the external electric field, to be determined. It is shown that the experimental results support the predicted values from computer models for aggregates in these environments.

A calculated dipole moment of 2.39 D at R sub e = 2.79 a sub 0 is reported, obtained from complete active space SCF/configuration interaction calculations plus one natural orbital iteration. The calculation is in good agreement with the experimental value of 2.4 + or - 0.1 D measured for the lowest vibrational level. In agreement with Gray et al. (1985), it is found that the dipole moment is strongly correlated with the 3d electron population; the good agreement with experiment thus provides verification of the mixed state model of NiH. It is concluded that the electricdipole moment of NiH is a sensitive test of the quality of the NiH wave function.

The electricdipole and quadrupole properties of two frequency-standard candidates In$^{+}$ and Sr are calculated by using the finite-field approach. We reproduce the dipole polarizability of the 5s$^2$ $^1S^e_0$ and 5s5p $^3P^o_0$ of In$^+$ and Sr with an excellent agreement with the previously recommended data. Besides, the scalar and tensor dipole polarizabilities for $5s5p$ $^3P^o_{1,2}$ of In$^+$ and Sr and the second dipole hyperpolarizability for In$^+$ 5s$^2$ $^1S^e_0$ and 5s5p $^3P^o_{0,1,2}$ are given. The uncertainty is controlled down to around 1-4\\% for In$^+$ and 2-6\\% for Sr by increasing the basis-set and electronic-correlation levels hierarchically. The importance of the spin-orbit coupling effect is analyzed by comparing the spin-dependent and spin-free results. The dipole polarizability of In$^{+}$ demonstrates stronger dependency on the spin-orbit coupling effect than Sr. The quadrupole moment and quadrupole polarizabilities of 5s$^2$ $^1S^e_0$ and 5s5p $^3P^o_{0,1,2}$ are also given. Fina...

The field of the vertical electricdipole (VED) immersed in the heterogeneous conductive halfspace (sea) is analyzed in time domain. In the near field of the source, the amplitudes of the electric and magnetic components of the field are proportional to power 3/2 and power 5/2 of the conductivity of the medium, respectively. After termination of the transmitter pulse, all the VED components decay with time as ˜1/ t 5/2. The possibility of applying the VED field for estimating the electrical properties of the offshore geological sections is demonstrated.

contribution of the core electrons to the electricdipole moments. Our new geometries possess significantly smaller electricdipole moments than previous density functional results, mostly when combined with the van der Waals exchange-correlation functional. However, although the agreement with experiment clearly improves upon previous calculations, the theoretical dipole moments are still about one order of magnitude larger than the experimental values, suggesting that the correct global minimum structures have not been located yet.

We identify a solid-state quantum emitter whose room-temperature radiative decay is mediated by a nearly equal mixture of isotropic electricdipole (ED) and magnetic dipole (MD) transitions. Using energy-momentum spectroscopy, we experimentally show that the near-infrared $^3$T$_2{\\rightarrow}^3$A$_2$ emission from divalent-nickel-doped magnesium oxide (Ni$^{2+}$:MgO) is composed of $\\sim$50% MD and $\\sim$50% ED transitions. We then demonstrate that the spontaneous emission rate of these ions near planar interfaces is determined by the combined electric and magnetic local density of optical states (LDOS). This electromagnetic LDOS probes the total mode density, and thus similar to thermal emission, these unique electronic emitters effectively excite all polarizations and orientations of the electromagnetic field.

The dynamic electricdipole polarizability function for the magnesium atom is formed by assembling the atomic electricdipole oscillator strength distribution from combinations of theoretical and experimental data for resonance oscillator strengths and for photoionization cross sections of valence and inner shell electrons. Consistency with the oscillator strength (Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn) sum rule requires the adopted principal resonance line oscillator strength to be several percent lower than the values given in two critical tabulations, though the value adopted is consistent with a number of theoretical determinations. The static polarizability is evaluated. Comparing the resulting dynamic polarizability as a function of photon energy with more elaborate calculations reveals the contributions of inner shell electron excitations. The present results are applied to calculate the long-range interactions between two and three magnesium atoms and the interaction between a magnesium atom and a perfectly conducting m...

In the context of the search for electricdipole moments, a proper theory describing frequency shifts for particles precessing in traps is needed to evaluate the systematic effects. We present here such a theory, valid in the ballistic regime and in the nonadiabatic limit. It permits the calculation of the frequency shifts for arbitrary geometry of the confinement cell as well as for arbitrary shape of the magnetic field, such as those induced by localized magnetic impurities. Our improved theory is especially relevant for experiments measuring the neutron electricdipole moment with an atomic magnetometer. Indeed, the main systematic effects of performed, on-going and future experiments can be assessed with increased confidence and precision.

The enhancement factors of the electricdipole moment (EDM) of the ground states of two paramagnetic atoms; rubidium (Rb) and caesium (Cs) which are sensitive to the electron EDM are computed using the relativistic coupled-cluster theory and our results are compared with the available calculations and measurements. The possibility of improving the limit for the electron EDM using the results of our present work is pointed out.

The enhancement factors of the electricdipole moment (EDM) of the ground states of two paramagnetic atoms; rubidium (Rb) and caesium (Cs) which are sensitive to the electron EDM are computed using the relativistic coupled-cluster theory and our results are compared with the available calculations and measurements. The possibility of improving the limit for the electron EDM using the results of our present work is pointed out.

The paper reports the results of an experiment on searching for the neutron electricdipole moment (EDM), performed on the ILL reactor (Grenoble, France). The double-chamber magnetic resonance spectrometer (Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI)) with prolonged holding of ultra cold neutrons has been used. Sources of possible systematic errors are analyzed, and their influence on the measurement results is estimated. The ways and prospects of increasing accuracy of the experiment are discussed.

The paper reports the results of an experiment on searching for the neutron electricdipole moment (EDM), performed on the ILL reactor (Grenoble, France). The double-chamber magnetic resonance spectrometer (Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI)) with prolonged holding of ultra cold neutrons has been used. Sources of possible systematic errors are analyzed, and their influence on the measurement results is estimated. The ways and prospects of increasing accuracy of the experiment are discussed.

We calculate the optical force and torque applied to an electricdipole by a spinning light field. We prove that the dissipative part of the force depends on the orbital energy flow of the field only, while the spin energy flow is involved in the applied torque. The resulting change in the optical force is detailed for different experimentally relevant configurations, and we show in particular how this change is critical when surface plasmon modes are involved.

A laser cooled heavy atom is one of the candidates to search for the permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) of the electron due to the enhancement mechanism and its long coherence time. The laser cooled francium (Fr) factory has been constructed to perform the electron EDM search at the Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University. The present status of Fr production and the EDM measurement system is presented.

We compute the electricdipole moment of proton and neutron from lattice QCD simulations with N{sub f}=2 flavors of dynamical quarks at imaginary vacuum angle {theta}. The calculation proceeds via the CP odd form factor F{sub 3}. A novel feature of our calculation is that we use partially twisted boundary conditions to extract F{sub 3} at zero momentum transfer. As a byproduct, we test the QCD vacuum at nonvanishing {theta}. (orig.)

We present in this article a prototype magnetic coil that has been developed for a new search for the electricdipole moment of the neutron at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The gradients of the magnetic field generated by the coil have been optimized to reduce known systematic effects and to yield long polarization lifetimes of the trapped particles sampling the highly uniform magnetic field. Measurements of the field uniformity of this prototype magnetic coil are also presented.

It is evidence for an extension of the Standard Model in particle physics, if static electricdipole moments (EDMs) are measured for any elementary particle. The nuclear EDM arises mainly from two sources: one comes from asymmetric charge distribution in a nucleus and the other is due to the nucleon intrinsic EDM. We estimate the nuclear EDMs from two sources for the 1/21+ states in Xe isotopes by a shell model approach using full orbitals between magic numbers 50 and 82.

The Standard Model predictions for the hadronic and leptonic electricdipole moments (EDMs) are well far from the present experimental resolutions, thus, the EDMs represent very clean probes of New Physics effects. Especially, within supersymmetric frameworks with flavor-violating soft terms large and potentially visible effects to the EDMs are typically expected. In this work, we systematically evaluate the predictions for the EDMs at the beyond-leading-order (BLO). In fact, we show that BLO...

We calculate the electricdipole moment (EDM) for the neutron in the framework of the minimal 3-3-1 model. We assume that the only source of $CP$ violation arises from a complex trilinear coupling constant and two complex vacuum expectation values. However, from the constraint equations obtained from the potential, only one physical phase remains. We find some constraints on the possible values of this phase and masses of the exotic particles.

Violation of $CP$ invariance is a quite relevant phenomenon that is found in the Standard Model, though in small amount. This has been an incentive to look for high-energy descriptions in which $CP$ violation is increased, thus enhancing effects that are suppressed in the Standard Model, such as the electricdipole moments of elementary particles. In the present investigation, we point out that charged currents in which axial couplings are different from vector couplings are able to produce one-loop contributions to electricdipole moments of charged leptons if neutrinos are massive and if these currents violate $CP$. We develop our discussion around charged currents involving heavy neutrinos and a $W'$ gauge boson coupling to Standard Model charged leptons. Using the most stringent bound on the electron electricdipole moment, provided by the ACME Collaboration, we determine that the difference between axial and vector currents lies within $\\sim10^{-10}$ and $\\sim10^{-11}$ for heavy-neutrino masses between $...

This paper presents the calculation of the electric transition dipole moment in a pre-Born-Oppenheimer framework. Electrons and nuclei are treated equally in terms of the parametrization of the non-relativistic total wave function, which is written as a linear combination of basis functions constructed from explicitly correlated Gaussian functions and the global vector representation. The integrals of the electric transition dipole moment are derived corresponding to these basis functions in both the length and the velocity representation. The calculations are performed in laboratory-fixed Cartesian coordinates without relying on coordinates which separate the center of mass from the translationally invariant degrees of freedom. The effect of the overall motion is eliminated through translationally invariant integral expressions. The electric transition dipole moment is calculated between two rovibronic levels of the H2 molecule assignable to the lowest rovibrational states of the X (1)Σ(g)(+) and B (1)Σ(u)(+) electronic states in the clamped-nuclei framework. This is the first evaluation of this quantity in a full quantum mechanical treatment without relying on the Born-Oppenheimer approximation.

We present experimental observations of strong electric and magnetic interactions between split ring resonators (SRRs) in metamaterials. We fabricated near-infrared planar metamaterials with different inter-SRR spacings along different directions. Our transmission measurements show blueshifts and redshifts of the magnetic resonance, depending on SRR orientation relative to the lattice. The shifts agree well with simultaneous magnetic and electric near-field dipole coupling. We also find large broadening of the resonance, accompanied by a decrease in effective cross section per SRR with increasing density due to superradiant scattering. Our data shed new light on Lorentz-Lorenz approaches to metamaterials.

In this work, the double chamber magnetic resonance spectrometer of the Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI) designed to measure the neutron electricdipole moment (EDM) is briefly described. A method for long storage of polarized ultracold neutrons in a resonance space with a superposed electric field collinear to the leading magnetic field is used. The results of the measurements carried out on the ILL reactor (Grenoble, France) are interpreted as the upper limit of the value of neutron EDM vertical bar d{sub n} vertical bar < 5.5 × 10{sup –26}e cm at the 90% confidence level.

Plasmonic chirality exhibits great potential for novel nanooptical devices due to the generation of a strong chiroptical response. Previous reports on plasmonic chirality explanations are mainly based on phase retardation and coupling. We propose a quantitative model similar to the chiral molecules for explaining the mechanism of the intrinsic plasmonic chirality quantitatively based on the interplay and mixing of electric and magnetic dipole modes, which forms a mixed electric and magnetic polarizability. The analysis method is also suitable for small chiral object down to quasi-static limit without phase delay and expected to be a universal rule.

The ability of a numerical procedure to detect and to localize two experimentally induced, epicardial dipolar generators was tested in 24 isolated, perfused rabbit heart preparations, suspended in an electrolyte-filled spherical tank. Electrocardiograms were recorded from 32 electrodes on the surface of the test chamber before and after placement of each of two epicardial burns. The second lesion was located either 180 degrees, 90 degrees, or 45 degrees from the first. Signals were processed by iterative routines that computed the location of one or two independent dipoles that best reconstruced the observed surface potentials. The computed single dipole acounting for 99.68% of root mean sequare (RMS) surface potential recorded after the first burn was located 0.26 +/- 0.10 cm from the centroid of the lesion. Potentials recorded after the second lesions were fit with two dipoles that accounted for 99.36 +/- 1.51% of RMS surface potentials and that were located 0.42 +/- 0.26 cm and 0.57 +/- 0.49 cm from the centers of the corresponding burn. Seventy-one percent of computed dipoles were located within the visible perimeter of the burn. Thus, two simultaneously active dipolar sources can be detected and accurately localized by rigorous study of the generated electrical field.

Recently we have reported on the existence of finite energy SU(2) Yang-Mills-Higgs particle of one-half topological charge. In this paper, we show that this one-half monopole can co-exist with a 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole. The magnetic charge of the one-half monopole is -1/2 while the magnetic charge of the 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole is positive unity. However the net magnetic charge of the configuration is zero due to the presence of a semi-infinite Dirac string along the positive z-axis that carries the magnetic monopole charge of another -1/2. The solution possesses gauge potentials that are singular along the z-axis, elsewhere they are regular. This monopole configuration possesses finite total energy and magnetic dipole moment. The total energy is found to increase with the strength of the Higgs field self-coupling constant λ. However the dipole separation and the magnetic dipole moment decrease with λ. This solution is non-BPS even in the BPS limit when the Higgs self-coupling constant vanishes.

Effects of radial electric field on the structures and dynamics of dust dipoles are studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The dipoles' configuration and mean distance to the system center are used to illustrate the structures of the whole system. It is shown that the dipole particles can arrange themselves into ring-like structures in the absence of external electric field, which can gradually transform to vortex, and then to radial arrangement with the increase of the strength of electric field. The trajectories, mean square displacement, and the mean speed in radial and tangential directions of dipoles are investigated to depict the effects of the radial electric filed on the collective motion of dust dipolar particles, which are closely associated with the growth of dust particle, especially for the formation of rod-like and some other complex fractal dust particles.

We present a new method to manipulate the channel charge density of field-effect transistors using dipole-generating self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with different anchor groups. Our approach maintains an ideal interface between the dipole layers and the semiconductor while changing the built-in electric potential by 0.41-0.50 V. This potential difference can be used to change effectively the electrical properties of nanoelectronic devices. We further demonstrate the application of the SAM dipoles to enable air-stable operation of n-channel organic transistors.

The design and measured characteristics of dipole and monopole versions of a log periodic array with parasitic elements are discussed. In a dipole...array with parasitic elements, these elements are used in place of every alternate dipole, thereby eliminating the need of a twisted feed arrangement...for the elements to obtain log periodic performance of the anntenna. This design with parasitic elements lends itself to a monopole version of the

The effects of electric quadrupole ( E2) and dipole-quadrupole interference ( E1- E2) terms in the Coulomb breakup of 15C have been investigated within the framework of eikonal approximation. The sensitivity of Coulomb breakup cross section, differential in relative energy and Longitudinal Momentum Distribution (LMD) of core fragments, towards these terms have been examined. A very small (1% of E1) contribution of E2 transition has been predicted in integrated Coulomb breakup cross section. Further it is also found that the inclusion of E2 and E1- E2 terms introduces a small asymmetry in the peak of relative energy spectrum and also increases the peak height of the spectrum. The contribution of dipole-quadrupole interference terms is clearly shown in LMD, as it introduces an asymmetry in the shape of LMD and enhances the matching between the data and predictions.

In this article, we analytically study second harmonic (SH) generation from thin metallic films with subwavelength, non-centrosymmetry patterns. Because the thickness of the film is much smaller than the SH wavelength, retardation effects are negligible. The far-field SH intensities are thus dominated by an effective electricdipole. These analytical observations are further justified numerically by studying the effect of polarization of the fundamental field on both the SH signal and the electricdipole. It is demonstrated that bulk SH polarization density is comparable with its surface counterpart. The electricdipole, consequently, originates from the entire {volume of the metallic membrane, in contrast to the fact that SH generation from metal surface is generally dominated by a surface dipole.

Theoretically, a circular electricdipole is a horizontal analogue of a vertical electricdipole and, similarly to the latter, it generates the unimodal transverse magnetic field. As a result, it demonstrates exceptionally high signal detectability and both vertical and lateral resolutions, particularly regarding thin resistive targets. The ideal circular electricdipole is represented by two concentric continuums of electrodes connected to different poles of the transmitter. In practice, the ideal dipole is adequately approximated by eight outer electrodes and one central electrode. The greatest disadvantage of circular electricdipoles stems from the necessity to provide perfectly symmetrical radial grounded lines with equal current in each line. In addition, relocating such a cumbersome system is very difficult on land and offshore. All these disadvantages might be significantly reduced in the proposed ice-borne system. The system utilizes drifting ice floes in high latitude Arctic regions as stable platforms for locating marine circular electricdipole transmitters, while the underlain ocean water is a perfect environment for grounding transmitter and receiver electrodes. Taking into account the limited size of drifting floes, mainly short offset methods can be applied from the surface. Among those, the proposed method is superior in providing sufficiently high signal detectability and resolution to delineate deep targets below very conductive ocean water and sub-seafloor sediments. Other existing methods, which are able to provide similar characteristics, utilize near bottom arrays and would be hard to employ in the presence of a thick ice cover.

Full Text Available In order to survive, animals must quickly and accurately locate prey, predators, and conspecifics using the signals they generate. The signal source location can be estimated using multiple detectors and the inverse relationship between the received signal intensity (RSI and the distance, but difficulty of the source localization increases if there is an additional dependence on the orientation of a signal source. In such cases, the signal source could be approximated as an ideal dipole for simplification. Based on a theoretical model, the RSI can be directly predicted from a known dipole location; but estimating a dipole location from RSIs has no direct analytical solution. Here, we propose an efficient solution to the dipole localization problem by using a lookup table (LUT to store RSIs predicted by our theoretically derived dipole model at many possible dipole positions and orientations. For a given set of RSIs measured at multiple detectors, our algorithm found a dipole location having the closest matching normalized RSIs from the LUT, and further refined the location at higher resolution. Studying the natural behavior of weakly electric fish (WEF requires efficiently computing their location and the temporal pattern of their electric signals over extended periods. Our dipole localization method was successfully applied to track single or multiple freely swimming WEF in shallow water in real-time, as each fish could be closely approximated by an ideal current dipole in two dimensions. Our optimized search algorithm found the animal's positions, orientations, and tail-bending angles quickly and accurately under various conditions, without the need for calibrating individual-specific parameters. Our dipole localization method is directly applicable to studying the role of active sensing during spatial navigation, or social interactions between multiple WEF. Furthermore, our method could be extended to other application areas involving dipole

Full Text Available Permanent electricdipole moments (EDM of fundamental systems are promising systems to find new CP violation beyond the Standard Model. Our EDM experiment is based on hyper-polarized liquid xenon droplets of sub-millimeter size on a micro-fabricated structure, placed in a low-field NMR setup. Implementation of rotating electric fields enables a conceptually new EDM measurement technique, allowing thorough investigation of systematic effects. Still, a Ramsey-type spin precession experiment with static electric field can be realized at similar sensitivity within the same setup. Employing superconducting pick-up coils and highly sensitive LTc-SQUIDs, a large array of independent measurements can be performed simultaneously. With our approach we aim to finally increase the sensitivity on the EDM of 129Xe by more than three orders of magnitude.

We present a study of the neutron electricdipole moment ({rvec d}{sub N}) within the framework of lattice QCD with two flavors of dynamical light quarks. The dipole moment is sensitive to the topological structure of the gauge fields, and accuracy can only be achieved by using dynamical, or sea quark, calculations. However, the topological charge evolves slowly in these calculations, leading to a relatively large uncertainty in {rvec d}{sub N}. It is shown, using quenched configurations, that a better sampling of the charge distribution reduces this problem, but because the CP even part of the fermion determinant is absent, both the topological charge distribution and {rvec d}{sub N} are pathological in the chiral limit. We discuss the statistical and systematic uncertainties arising from the topological charge distribution and unphysical size of the quark mass in our calculations and prospects for eliminating them. Our calculations employ the RBC collaboration two flavor domain wall fermion and DBW2 gauge action lattices with inverse lattice spacing a{sup -1} {approx} 1.7 GeV, physical volume V {approx} (2 fm){sup 3}, and light quark mass roughly equal to the strange quark mass (m{sub sea} = 0.03 and 0.04). We determine a value of the electricdipole moment that is zero within (statistical) errors, |{rvec d}{sub N}| = -0.04(20) e-{theta}-fm at the smaller sea quark mass. Satisfactory results for the magnetic and electric form factors of the proton and neutron are also obtained and presented.

We evaluate the neutron electricdipole moment vertical stroke vector d{sub N} vertical stroke using lattice QCD techniques. The gauge configurations analyzed are produced by the European Twisted Mass Collaboration using N{sub f}=2+1+1 twisted mass fermions at one value of the lattice spacing of a ≅0.082 fm and a light quark mass corresponding to m{sub π}≅373 MeV. Our approach to extract the neutron electricdipole moment is based on the calculation of the CP-odd electromagnetic form factor F{sub 3}(Q{sup 2}) for small values of the vacuum angle θ in the limit of zero Euclidean momentum transfer Q{sup 2}. The limit Q{sup 2}→0 is realized either by adopting a parameterization of the momentum dependence of F{sub 3}(Q{sup 2}) and performing a fit, or by employing new position space methods, which involve the elimination of the kinematical momentum factor in front of F{sub 3}(Q{sup 2}). The computation in the presence of a CP-violating term requires the evaluation of the topological charge Q. This is computed by applying the cooling technique and the gradient flow with three different actions, namely the Wilson, the Symanzik tree-level improved and the Iwasaki action. We demonstrate that cooling and gradient flow give equivalent results for the neutron electricdipole moment. Our analysis yields a value of vertical stroke vector d{sub N} vertical stroke =0.045(6)(1) anti θ e.fm for the ensemble with m{sub π}=373 MeV considered.

We analyze commonly used expressions for computing the nucleon electricdipole form factors (EDFF) F3 and moments (EDM) on a lattice and find that they lead to spurious contributions from the Pauli form factor F2 due to inadequate definition of these form factors when parity mixing of lattice nucleon fields is involved. Using chirally symmetric domain wall fermions, we calculate the proton and the neutron EDFF induced by the C P -violating quark chromo-EDM interaction using the corrected expression. In addition, we calculate the electricdipole moment of the neutron using a background electric field that respects time translation invariance and boundary conditions, and we find that it decidedly agrees with the new formula but not the old formula for F3. Finally, we analyze some selected lattice results for the nucleon EDM and observe that after the correction is applied, they either agree with zero or are substantially reduced in magnitude, thus reconciling their difference from phenomenological estimates of the nucleon EDM.

The metastable $H^3\\Delta_1$ state of ThO molecule was proposed in [E. R. Meyer and J. L. Bohn, Phys.Rev.A {\\bf78}, 010502 (2008)] to search for the electron electricdipole moment (\\eEDM) and the ThO beam experiment is now in the final stage of preparation by the ACME collaboration [http://www.electronedm.org]. To interpret the experiment in terms of \\eEDM\\ an accurate theoretical study of effective electric field on electron, \\Eeff, in the molecule is required. We report calculation of \\Eeff\\ (our final value is 84 GV/cm) together with the hyperfine structure constant, molecule frame dipole moment and $H^3\\Delta_1\\to X^1\\Sigma^+$ transition energy, which can serve as a measure of reliability of the obtained \\Eeff\\ value. Besides, our results include a parity assignment and evaluation of the electric-field dependence for the magnetic $g$ factors for the $\\Omega$-doublets of $H^3\\Delta_1$.

We analyze commonly used expressions for computing the nucleon electricdipole form factors (EDFF) $F_3$ and moments (EDM) on a lattice and find that they lead to spurious contributions from the Pauli form factor $F_2$ due to inadequate definition of these form factors when parity mixing of lattice nucleon fields is involved. Using chirally symmetric domain wall fermions, we calculate the proton and the neutron EDFF induced by the CP-violating quark chromo-EDM interaction using the corrected expression. In addition, we calculate the electricdipole moment of the neutron using background electric field that respects time translation invariance and boundary conditions, and find that it decidedly agrees with the new formula but not the old formula for $F_3$. Finally, we analyze some selected lattice results for the nucleon EDM and observe that after the correction is applied, they either agree with zero or are substantially reduced in magnitude, thus reconciling their difference from phenomenological estimates of the nucleon EDM.

An experiment to search for the electron electricdipole moment (eEDM) on the metastable H(3)Δ1 state of ThO molecule was proposed and now prepared by the ACME Collaboration [http://www.electronedm.org]. To interpret the experiment in terms of eEDM and dimensionless constant kT, P characterizing the strength of the T,P-odd pseudoscalar-scalar electron-nucleus neutral current interaction, an accurate theoretical study of an effective electric field on electron, Eeff, and a parameter of the T,P-odd pseudoscalar-scalar interaction, WT, P, in ThO is required. We report our results for Eeff (84 GV/cm) and WT, P (116 kHz) together with the hyperfine structure constant, molecule frame dipole moment, and H(3)Δ1 → X(1)Σ(+) transition energy, which can serve as a measure of reliability of the obtained Eeff and WT, P values. Besides, our results include a parity assignment and evaluation of the electric-field dependence for the magnetic g factors in the Ω-doublets of H(3)Δ1.

Full Text Available An experimental search for an electricdipole moment in the diamagnetic atom 129Xe is in progress through the precision measurement of spin precession frequency using an active nuclear spin maser. A 3He comagnetometer has been incorporated into the active spin maser system in order to cancel out the long-term drifts in the external magnetic field. Also, a double-cell geometry has been adopted in order to suppress the frequency shifts due to interaction with polarized Rb atoms. The first EDM measurement with the 129Xe active spin maser and the 3He comagnetometer has been conducted.

A permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) in an atom or particle would prove that time reversal symmetry is broken. In addition, an atomic EDM may provide evidence of new physics or CP symmetry violation in the strong sector. We have recently completed an improved measurement of the EDM of 199 Hg utilizing a set of vapor cells containing isotopically-enriched 199 Hg optically pumped and probed with UV laser light. I will discuss the most recent iteration of the experiment, and present unblinded results. This work was supported by NSF Grant 1306743 and DOE Award No. DE-FG02-97ER41020.

The complex height-gain for an infinitesimal vertical electricdipole (VED) above each of five homogeneous flat surfaces representative of sea water, well-conducting earth, poorly conducting earth, fresh water, and ice is calculated at 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 MHz for selected ranges. The amplitude and phase of the three cylindrical electromagnetic field components are given for source elevations of 0, 3/4, and 3/2 wavelengths in sets of 36 tables and 48 figures for each of the five types of surfaces.

Existence of the electricdipole moment (EDM) is deeply related with time-reversal invariance. The EDMof a diamagnetic atom is mainly induced by the nuclear Schiff moment. After carrying out the shell model calculations to obtain wavefunctions for Xe isotopes, we evaluate nuclear Schiff moments for Xe isotopes to estimate their atomic EDMs. We estimate the contribution from each single particle orbital for the Schiff moment. It is found that the contribution on the Schiff moment is very different from orbital to orbital.

Full Text Available Existence of the electricdipole moment (EDM is deeply related with time-reversal invariance. The EDMof a diamagnetic atom is mainly induced by the nuclear Schiff moment. After carrying out the shell model calculations to obtain wavefunctions for Xe isotopes, we evaluate nuclear Schiff moments for Xe isotopes to estimate their atomic EDMs. We estimate the contribution from each single particle orbital for the Schiff moment. It is found that the contribution on the Schiff moment is very different from orbital to orbital.

Full Text Available It is evidence for an extension of the Standard Model in particle physics, if static electricdipole moments (EDMs are measured for any elementary particle. The nuclear EDM arises mainly from two sources: one comes from asymmetric charge distribution in a nucleus and the other is due to the nucleon intrinsic EDM. We estimate the nuclear EDMs from two sources for the 1/21+ states in Xe isotopes by a shell model approach using full orbitals between magic numbers 50 and 82.

We present a practical scheme to separate the contributions of the electric quadrupole-like and the magnetic dipole-like effects to the forbidden second order optical nonlinear response of graphene, and give analytic expressions for the second order optical conductivities, calculated from the independent particle approximation, with relaxation described in a phenomenological way. We predict strong second order nonlinear effects, including second harmonic generation, photon drag, and difference frequency generation. We discuss in detail the controllability of these effects by tuning the chemical potential, taking advantage of the dominant role played by interband optical transitions in the response. PMID:28262762

The decay properties of photo-excited states in {sup 130}Te have been investigated by means of Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence experiments at the Darmstadt High Intensity Photon Setup (DHIPS) and the High Intensity γ-ray Source (HIγS). The combination of continuous-energy bremsstrahlung on the one hand and the quasi-monoenergetic and linearly polarized photon beam on the other enables a detailed insight into the photoabsorption cross section and the decay behavior of spin-1 states. Comparing these results to simulations within the statistical model allow for constraining the electricdipole photon strength function (E1-PSF). Results are presented and discussed.

In the CP violating supersymmetric extension of the standard model with local gauged baryon and lepton symmetries(BLMSSM), there are new CP violating sources which can give new contributions to the quark electricdipole moment (EDM). Considering the CP violating phases, we analyze the EDMs of the quarks c and t. We take into account the contributions from the one loop diagrams. The numerical results are analyzed with some assumptions on the relevant parameter space. The numerical results for the c and t EDMs can reach large values.

We have measured the neutron electricdipole moment using spin rotation in a non-centrosymmetric crystal. Our result is d{sub n}=(2.5{+-}6.5{sup stat{+-}}5.5{sup syst}).10{sup -24}ecm. The dominating contribution to the systematic uncertainty is statistical in nature and will reduce with improved statistics. The statistical sensitivity can be increased to 2.10{sup -26}ecm in 100 days data taking with an improved setup. We state technical requirements for a systematic uncertainty at the same level.

We have measured the neutron electricdipole moment using spin rotation in a non-centrosymmetric crystal. Our result is d_n = (2.5 +- 6.5(stat) +- 5.5(syst)) 10^{-24} e cm. The dominating contribution to the systematic uncertainty is statistical in nature and will reduce with improved statistics. The statistical sensitivity can be increased to 2 10^{-26} e cm in 100 days data taking with an improved setup. We state technical requirements for a systematic uncertainty at the same level.

Using the ARGUS detector at the e+e- storage ring DORIS II, we have searched for the real and imaginary part of the electricdipole formfactor d_tau of the tau lepton in the production of tau pairs at q^2=100 GeV^2. This is the first direct measurement of this CP violating formfactor. We applied the method of optimised observables which takes into account all available information on the observed tau decay products. No evidence for CP violation was found, and we derive the following results: ...

Calculations of the static electric-dipole scalar and tensor polarizabilities are presented for two alkali-metal atoms, Rb and Cs, for the n S , n P½,3 /2 , and n D3 /2 ,5 /2 states with large principal quantum numbers up to n =50 . The calculations are performed within an effective one-electron approximation, based on the Dirac-Fock Hamiltonian with a semiempirical core-polarization potential. The obtained results are compared with those from a simpler semiempirical approach and with available experimental data.

Full Text Available For the measurement of the electron electricdipole moment using Fr atoms, a Fr ion-atom conversion is one of the most critical process. An ion-atom converter based on the “orthotropic” type of Fr source has been developed. This converter is able to convert a few keV Fr ion beam to a thermal atomic beam using a cycle of the surface ionization and neutralization. In this article, the development of the converter is reported.

In the supersymmetric standard model (SSM) the $W$-boson could have a non-vanishing electricdipole moment (EDM) through a one-loop diagram mediated by the charginos and neutralinos. Then the $W$-boson EDM induces the EDMs of the neutron and the electron. We discuss these EDMs, taking into consideration the constraints from the neutron and electron EDMs at one-loop level induced by the charginos and squarks or sleptons. It is shown that the neutron and the electron could respectively have EDM...

The multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock method was employed to calculate the atomic electricdipole moments (EDMs) of the superheavy element copernicium (Cn, Z =112 ). The EDM enhancement factors of Cn, calculated here, are about one order of magnitude larger than those of Hg. The exponential dependence of the enhancement factors on the atomic number Z along group 12 of the periodic table was derived from the EDMs of the entire homologous series, Zn, Cd, Hg, Cn, and Uhb. These results show that superheavy elements with sufficiently long half-lives are potential candidates for EDM searches.

In this work we consider a simple, Bohr-Sommerfeld (Old quantum atomic) theory of the magnetic monopole. We consider the system, simply called magnetic monopole "atom", consisting of the practically standing, massive magnetic monopole as the "nucleus" and electron rotating around magnetic monopole. At this system we apply quasi-classical, Bohr-Sommerfeld quantum atomic theory. Precisely, we apply firstly, by the electron rotation, Bohr-Sommerfeld momentum quantization postulate. Secondly we use equivalence between total centrifugal force acting at rotating electron and classical magnetostatic interaction between rotating electron and magnetic monopole. It yields result practically equivalent to the Dirac quantization relation between electrical and magnetic charge.

Electrical charges are conserved. The same would be expected to hold for magnetic charges, yet magnetic monopoles have never been observed. It is therefore surprising that the laws of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, combined with Maxwell's equations, suggest that colloidal particles heated or cooled in certain polar or paramagnetic solvents may behave as if they carry an electrical/magnetic charge [J. Phys. Chem. B $\\textbf{120}$, 5987 (2016)]. Here we present numerical simulations that show that the field distribution around a pair of such heated/cooled colloidal particles agrees quantitatively with the theoretical predictions for a pair of oppositely charged electrical or magnetic monopoles. However, in other respects, the non-equilibrium colloids do not behave as monopoles: they cannot be moved by a homogeneous applied field. The numerical evidence for the monopole-like fields around heated/cooled colloids is crucial because the experimental and numerical determination of forces between such colloids would...

The analytical energy gradient and Hessian of the two-component Normalized Elimination of the Small Component (2c-NESC) method with regard to the components of the electric field are derived and used to calculate spin-orbit coupling (SOC) corrected dipole moments and dipole polarizabilities of molecules, which contain elements with high atomic number. Calculated 2c-NESC dipole moments and isotropic polarizabilities agree well with the corresponding four-component-Dirac Hartree-Fock or density functional theory values. SOC corrections for the electrical properties are in general small, but become relevant for the accurate prediction of these properties when the molecules in question contain sixth and/or seventh period elements (e.g., the SO effect for At2 is about 10% of the 2c-NESC polarizability). The 2c-NESC changes in the electric molecular properties are rationalized in terms of spin-orbit splitting and SOC-induced mixing of frontier orbitals with the same j = l + s quantum numbers.

The analytical energy gradient and Hessian of the two-component Normalized Elimination of the Small Component (2c-NESC) method with regard to the components of the electric field are derived and used to calculate spin-orbit coupling (SOC) corrected dipole moments and dipole polarizabilities of molecules, which contain elements with high atomic number. Calculated 2c-NESC dipole moments and isotropic polarizabilities agree well with the corresponding four-component-Dirac Hartree-Fock or density functional theory values. SOC corrections for the electrical properties are in general small, but become relevant for the accurate prediction of these properties when the molecules in question contain sixth and/or seventh period elements (e.g., the SO effect for At2 is about 10% of the 2c-NESC polarizability). The 2c-NESC changes in the electric molecular properties are rationalized in terms of spin-orbit splitting and SOC-induced mixing of frontier orbitals with the same j = l + s quantum numbers.

We reexamine the R-parity violating contribution to the fermion electric and chromo-electricdipole moments (EDM and cEDM) in the two-loop diagrams. It is found that the leading Barr-Zee type two-loop contribution is smaller than the result found in previous works, and that EDM experimental data provide looser limits on RPV couplings.

An exact line integral representation of the electric physical optics scattered field is presented. This representation applies to scattering configurations with perfectly electrically conducting polyhedral structures illuminated by a finite number of electric Hertzian dipoles. The positions...

The search for the electricdipole moment of the electron (eEDM) is important because it is a probe of Charge Conjugation-Parity (CP) violation. It can also shed light on new physics beyond the standard model. It is not possible to measure the eEDM directly. However, the interaction energy involving the effective electric field (E{sub eff}) acting on an electron in a molecule and the eEDM can be measured. This quantity can be combined with E{sub eff}, which is calculated by relativistic molecular orbital theory to determine eEDM. Previous calculations of E{sub eff} were not sufficiently accurate in the treatment of relativistic or electron correlation effects. We therefore developed a new method to calculate E{sub eff} based on a four-component relativistic coupled-cluster theory. We demonstrated our method for YbF molecule, one of the promising candidates for the eEDM search. Using very large basis set and without freezing any core orbitals, we obtain a value of 23.1 GV/cm for E{sub eff} in YbF with an estimated error of less than 10%. The error is assessed by comparison of our calculations and experiments for two properties relevant for E{sub eff}, permanent dipole moment and hyperfine coupling constant. Our method paves the way to calculate properties of various kinds of molecules which can be described by a single-reference wave function.

We report the results of our {\\it ab initio} relativistic many-body calculations of the electricdipole moment (EDM) $d_A$ arising from the electron-nucleus tensor-pseudotensor (T-PT) interaction, the interaction of the nuclear Schiff moment (NSM) with the atomic electrons and the electricdipole polarizability $\\alpha_d$ for $^{223}$Rn. Our relativistic random-phase approximation (RPA) results are substantially larger than those of lower-order relativistic many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) and the results based on the relativistic coupled-cluster (RCC) method with single and double excitations (CCSD) are the most accurate to date for all the three properties that we have considered. We obtain $d_A = 4.85(6) \\times 10^{-20} C_T \\ |e| \\ cm$ from T-PT interaction, $d_A=2.89(4) \\times 10^{-17} {S/(|e|\\ fm^3)}$ from NSM interaction and $\\alpha_d=35.27(9) \\ ea_0^3$. The former two results in combination with the measured value of $^{223}$Rn EDM, when it becomes available, could yield the best limits for the T-...

We consider neutron electricdipole moment contributions induced by flavor changing Higgs boson couplings to quarks. Previously one loop diagrams with such couplings were considered in order to constrain quadratric expressions of Higgs flavor changing coupling to quarks. In the present paper the analysis is extended to the two loop level where the large SM Yukawa coupling for Higgs to top, as well as the large SM Higgs coupling to the W-boson, compensates for the loop suppression factor. In the two loop case it is possible to generate diagrams with a flavor changing Higgs coupling to first order {\\it only}. Some contributions contain divergent loops and these divergent contributions do not cancel among themselves. This means that a theory with just the simple term with a flavor changing coupling considered here is not renormalizable. The divergent loops are parametrized in terms of a cut-off $\\Lambda$. The current experimental bound on the neutron electricdipole moment impose constraints on Higgs flavor chan...

We evaluate the neutron electricdipole moment $\\vert\\vec{d}_N\\vert$ using lattice QCD techniques. The gauge configurations analysed are produced by the European Twisted Mass Collaboration using $N_f{=}2{+}1{+}1$ twisted mass fermions at one value of the lattice spacing of $a \\simeq 0.082 \\ {\\rm fm}$ and a light quark mass corresponding to $m_{\\pi} \\simeq 373 \\ {\\rm MeV}$. Our approach to extract the neutron electricdipole moment is based on the calculation of the $CP$-odd electromagnetic form factor $F_3(Q^2)$ for small values of the vacuum angle $\\theta$ in the limit of zero Euclidean momentum transfer $Q^2$. The limit $Q^2 \\to 0$ is realised either by adopting a parameterization of the momentum dependence of $F_3(Q^2)$ and performing a fit, or by employing new position space methods, which involve the elimination of the kinematical momentum factor in front of $F_3(Q^2)$. The computation in the presence of a $CP$-violating term requires the evaluation of the topological charge ${\\cal Q}$. This is computed ...

%IS386 %title\\ \\It is proposed to study the electricdipole moments in the regions of octupole collective Ra-Th and Ba-Ce nuclei by means of Advanced Time-Delayed (ATD) $\\beta\\gamma\\gamma(t)$ method with a primary goal to provide new and critical data on the properties of E1 moments. The proposal focuses on the nuclei of $^{225,226,229}$Ra, $^{229,233}$Th and $^{149,150}$Ba.\\ \\The ATD $\\beta\\gamma\\gamma$(t) method was first tested at ISOLDE as part of the IS322 study of Fr-Ra nuclei at the limits of octupole deformation region. The results have greatly increased the knowledge of electricdipole moments in the region and demonstrated that new and unique research capabilities in this field are now available at ISOLDE. Based on the experience and new systematics, we propose a specialized study with the aim to determine the missing key aspects of the E1 moment systematics. We propose : \\begin{enumerate}[a)] \\item to measure the lifetimes of the 1$_{1}^{-}$ and 3$_{1}^{-}$ states in $^{226}$Ra with $\\sim$15\\% prec...

We report the results of our ab initio relativistic many-body calculations of the electricdipole moment (EDM) dA arising from the electron-nucleus tensor-pseudotensor (T-PT) interaction, the interaction of the nuclear Schiff moment (NSM) with the atomic electrons and the electricdipole polarizability αd for 223Rn . Our relativistic random-phase approximation results are substantially larger than those of lower-order relativistic many-body perturbation theory and the results based on the relativistic coupled-cluster method with single and double excitations are highly accurate for all three properties that we have considered. We obtain dA=4.85 (6 ) ×10-20 CT|e | cm from T-PT interaction, dA=2.89 (4 ) ×10-17S /(|e |fm3) from NSM interaction, and αd=35.27 (9 ) e a03 . The former two results in combination with the measured value of 223Rn EDM, when it becomes available, could yield the best limits for the T-PT coupling constant, EDMs, and chromo-EDMs of quarks and θQCD parameter, and would thereby shed light on leptoquark and supersymmetric models that predict C P violation.

Nuclear spin fluctuation suppression is a key issue in preserving electron coherence for quantum information/computation. We propose an efficient way of nuclear spin cooling in semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) by the coherent population trapping (CPT) and the electricdipole spin resonance (EDSR) induced by optical fields and ac electric fields. The EDSR can enhance the spin flip-flop rate and may bring out bistability under certain conditions. By tuning the optical fields, we can avoid the EDSR induced bistability and obtain highly polarized nuclear spin state, which results in long electron coherence time. With the help of CPT and EDSR, an enhancement of 1500 times of the electron coherence time can been obtained after a 500 ns preparation time.

We report results of an experimental search for the intrinsic ElectricDipole Moment (EDM) of the electron using a solid-state technique. The experiment employs a paramagnetic, insulating gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) that has a large magnetic response at low temperatures. The presence of the eEDM would lead to a small but non-zero magnetization as the GGG sample is subject to a strong electric field. We search for the resulting Stark-induced magnetization with a sensitive magnetometer. Recent progress on the suppression of several sources of background allows the experiment to run free of spurious signals at the level of the statistical uncertainties. We report our first limit on the eEDM of $(-5.57 \\pm 7.98 \\pm 0.12)\\times10^{-25}$e$\\cdot$cm with 5 days of data averaging.

CP-violating sources in beyond-the-standard-model physics, necessary to explain baryon asymmetry, give rise to permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs). Precise EDM measurements of the neutron, electron, paramagnetic and diamagnetic atoms constrain CP-violating parameters. The previous limit for the 129Xe EDM is 6 ×10-27 e . cm (95 % CL). The HeXeEDM experiment at FRM-II (Munich Research Reactor) utilizes an ultralow magnetic field in a high-performance magnetically shielded room and 3He comagnetometer to improve the limit by up to three orders of magnitude. In the experiment, hyperpolarized 3He and 129Xe precession signals are detected with a SQUID magnetometer array in the presence of applied electric and magnetic fields. Recent progress will be presented. This work is supported US Department of Energy Grant No. DE FG02 04 ER41331.

Full Text Available Abstract We model the response of nanoscale Ag prolate spheroids to an external uniform static electric field using simulations based on the discrete dipole approximation, in which the spheroid is represented as a collection of polarizable subunits. We compare the results of simulations that employ subunit polarizabilities derived from the Clausius–Mossotti relation with those of simulations that employ polarizabilities that include a local environmental correction for subunits near the spheroid’s surface [Rahmani et al. Opt Lett 27: 2118 (2002]. The simulations that employ corrected polarizabilities give predictions in very good agreement with exact results obtained by solving Laplace’s equation. In contrast, simulations that employ uncorrected Clausius–Mossotti polarizabilities substantially underestimate the extent of the electric field “hot spot” near the spheroid’s sharp tip, and give predictions for the field enhancement factor near the tip that are 30 to 50% too small.

A neutron electricdipole moment (EDM) search at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) will probe with a sensitivity of EDM will appear as a variation in the precession frequency correlated with the electric field. Magnetic field gradients must be kept below 10 pT/cm to mitigate false EDMs produced by the geometric phase effect and to maximize the neutron spin-relaxation lifetime. I will discuss a prototype magnetic shielding system, including a nearly-hermetic superconducting lead shield, built to demonstrate the required gradients at 1/3-scale of the final experiment. Additionally, the system will evaluate the eddy current heating due to RF fields produced by a proposed neutron-``spin-dressing'' technique.

We construct a number of explicit examples of hyperbolic monopoles, with various charges and often with some platonic symmetry. The fields are obtained from instanton data in four-dimensional Euclidean space that are invariant under a circle action, and the monopole charge is equal to the instanton charge. A key ingredient is the identification of a new set of constraints on ADHM instanton data that are sufficient to ensure the circle invariance. Algebraic formulae for the Higgs field magnitude are given and from these we compute and illustrate the energy density of the monopoles. For particular monopoles, the explicit formulae provide a proof that the number of zeros of the Higgs field is greater than the monopole charge. We also present some one-parameter families of monopoles analogous to known scattering events for Euclidean monopoles within the geodesic approximation.

The electricity boards in the United States of America have adopted new strategies clearly influenced by anterior regulations and by de-monopolization. Numerous mergers are only the most spectacular of these strategies, enabling the start-up handicap of size in face of new competition to be surmounted, and offering the advantage of bringing together the supply of gas and electricity. Two principal means of adaptation for the gas and electricity boards are their development in non-regulated production (equipment sharing, setting up of merchant plants), and their involvement in bulk trade and competitive retail sales; moreover some choose to specialize in electronuclear production on transport. Lastly, internationalization and diversification towards telecommunications are more frequent there than elsewhere. The purpose of this article is to characterize these strategies in comparison with those of the European electricity companies.

Lead borate glasses xB2O3+(99-x)PbO+0.5Eu2O3(x=70,60,...,10) were prepared by melt-quenching method.The luminescent properties were characterized with excitation and emission spectra.The emission intensities for 5D0-7FJ(J=0-4) were analyzed to give variation of the relative electricdipole line strengths with the composition of glasses so as to examine the crucial implicit assumption of independent electricdipole line strength on the composition of glass in the Phys.Rev.Lett.2003,91,203903 paper studying l...

We evaluate the Barr-Zee type two-loop level contribution to the fermion electric and chromo-electricdipole moments with sfermion loop in R-parity violating supersymmetric models. It is found that the Barr-Zee type fermion dipole moment with sfermion loop acts destructively to the currently known fermion loop contribution, and that it has small effect when the mass of squarks or charged sleptons in the loop is larger than or comparable to that of the sneutrinos, but cannot be neglected if the sneutrinos are much heavier than loop sfermions.

In a secluded dark sector which is coupled to the Standard Model via a Higgs portal interaction we arrange for the existence of 't Hooft-Polyakov magnetic monopoles and study their implications for cosmology. We point out that a dark sector which can accommodate stable monopoles will also contain massless dark photons gamma' as well as charged massive vector bosons W'. The dark matter in this scenario will be a combination of magnetically and electrically charged species under the unbroken U(1) subgroup of the dark sector. We estimate the cosmological production rate of monopoles and the rate of monopole-anti-monopole annihilation and conclude that monopoles with masses of few hundred TeV or greater, can produce sizeable contributions to the observed dark matter relic density. We scan over the parameter space and compute the relic density for monopoles and vector bosons. Turning to the dark photon radiation, we compute their contribution to the measured density of relativistic particles Neff and also apply ob...

It is well established that elasmobranchs can detect dipoleelectric fields. However, it is unclear whether they can discriminate between the anode and cathode. To investigate this subject, we employed a behavioral assay to determine the discriminatory ability of the yellow stingray, Urobatis jamaicensis. We conditioned stingrays with food rewards to bite either the anode (n=5) or the cathode (n=6) of a direct-current dipole located on the floor of an experimental tank. All individuals successfully performed the task after 18 to 22 days. Stingrays were then tested in experimental sessions when they were rewarded only after they identified the correct pole. Stingrays successfully discriminated between the poles at a rate greater than chance, ranging among individuals from a mean of 66% to 93% correct. During experimental sessions, stingrays conditioned to distinguish the anode performed similarly to those conditioned to distinguish the cathode. We hypothesize that the ability to discriminate anode from cathode is physiologically encoded, but its utility in providing spatial information under natural conditions remains to be demonstrated. The ability to discriminate polarity may eliminate ambiguity in induction-based magnetoreception and facilitate navigation with respect to the geomagnetic field.

Permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs) of fundamental particles provide powerful probes for physics beyond the Standard Model. We propose to search for the EDM of strange and charm baryons at LHC, extending the ongoing experimental program on the neutron, muon, atoms, molecules and light nuclei. The EDM of strange Λ baryons, selected from weak decays of charm baryons produced in p p collisions at LHC, can be determined by studying the spin precession in the magnetic field of the detector tracking system. A test of CPT symmetry can be performed by measuring the magnetic dipole moment of Λ and \\overline{Λ} baryons. For short-lived {Λ} ^+c and {Ξ} ^+c baryons, to be produced in a fixed-target experiment using the 7 TeV LHC beam and channeled in a bent crystal, the spin precession is induced by the intense electromagnetic field between crystal atomic planes. The experimental layout based on the LHCb detector and the expected sensitivities in the coming years are discussed.

Permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs) of fundamental particles provide powerful probes for physics beyond the Standard Model. We propose to search for the EDM of strange and charm baryons at LHC, extending the ongoing experimental program on the neutron, muon, atoms, molecules and light nuclei. The EDM of strange Λ baryons, selected from weak decays of charm baryons produced in pp collisions at LHC, can be determined by studying the spin precession in the magnetic field of the detector tracking system. A test of CPT symmetry can be performed by measuring the magnetic dipole moment of Λ and anti Λ baryons. For short-lived Λ{sup +}{sub c} and Ξ{sup +}{sub c} baryons, to be produced in a fixed-target experiment using the 7 TeV LHC beam and channeled in a bent crystal, the spin precession is induced by the intense electromagnetic field between crystal atomic planes. The experimental layout based on the LHCb detector and the expected sensitivities in the coming years are discussed. (orig.)

High-quality static electricdipole polarizabilities have been determined for the ground states of the hard-sphere cations of U, Np, and Pu in the III and IV oxidation states. The polarizabilities have been calculated using the numerical finite field technique in a four-component relativistic framework. Methods including Fock-space coupled cluster (FSCC) and Kramers-restricted configuration interaction (KRCI) have been performed in order to account for electron correlation effects. Comparisons between polarizabilities calculated using Dirac-Hartree-Fock (DHF), FSCC, and KRCI methods have been made using both triple- and quadruple-ζ basis sets for U⁴⁺. In addition to the ground state, this study also reports the polarizability data for the first two excited states of U3+/4+, Np3+/4+, and Pu3+/4+ ions at different levels of theory. The values reported in this work are the most accurate to date calculations for the dipole polarizabilities of the hard-sphere tri- and tetravalent actinide ions and may serve as reference values, aiding in the calculation of various electronic and response properties (for example, intermolecular forces, optical properties, etc.) relevant to the nuclear fuel cycle and material science applications.

We present a study of the neutron electricdipole moment ($\\vec d_N$) within the framework of lattice QCD with two flavors of dynamical lig ht quarks. The dipole moment is sensitive to the topological structure of the gaug e fields, and accuracy can only be achieved by using dynamical, or sea quark, calc ulations. However, the topological charge evolves slowly in these calculations, le ading to a relatively large uncertainty in $\\vec d_N$. It is shown, using quenched configurations, that a better sampling of the charge d istribution reduces this problem, but because the CP even part of the fermion determinant is absent, both the topological charge dis tribution and $\\vec d_N$ are pathological in the chiral limit. We discuss the statistical and systematic uncertainties arising from the topological charge distr ibution and unphysical size of the quark mass in our calculations and prospects fo r eliminating them. Our calculations employ the RBC collaboration two flavor domain wall fermion and DBW2 gauge action l...

A magnetic coil operated at cryogenic temperatures is used to produce spatial, relative field gradients below 6 ppm/cm, stable for several hours. The apparatus is a prototype of the magnetic components for a neutron electricdipole moment (nEDM) search, which will take place at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory using ultra-cold neutrons (UCN). That search requires a uniform magnetic field to mitigate systematic effects and obtain long polarization lifetimes for neutron spin precession measurements. This paper details upgrades to a previously described apparatus [1], particularly the introduction of super-conducting magnetic shielding and the associated cryogenic apparatus. The magnetic gradients observed are sufficiently low for the nEDM search at SNS.

Full Text Available Measurement of the electricdipole moment (EDM of 2H or of 3He may well come prior to the coveted measurement of the neutron EDM. Exact model calculations for the deuteron are feasible, and we explore here the model dependence of such deuteron EDM calculations. We investigate in a separable potential approach the relationship of the full model calculation to the plane wave approximation, correct an error in an early potential model result, and examine the tensor force aspects of the model results as well as the eﬀect of the short range repulsion found in the realistic, contemporary potential model calculations of Liu and Timmermans. We conclude that, because one-pion exchange dominates the EDM calculation, separable potential model calculations should provide an adequate picture of the 2H EDM until better than 10% measurements are achieved.

The 5s-5p electric-dipole resonance transitions in highly ionized promethiumlike ions have been studied applying relativistic multi-reference Moeller-Plesset second-order perturbation theory. The transition wavelengths are determined to within 0.2 {angstrom} in the more highly charged ions, where the level degeneracies are small. For somewhat lighter ions a very large reference space was used in order to account for the many degeneracies. In order to calculate transition probabilities and lifetimes, correlation corrections have been added to the transition operator in the next order. The contributions from the higher orders of the theory, that is, frequency-dependent Breit correction, Lamb shift, and mass shifts, have been estimated. The results are used to re-assess spectroscopic data from beam-foil, electron beam ion trap, and tokamak observations.

The transient electromagnetic radiation by a vertical electricdipole on a two-layer medium is analyzed using the double deformation technique, which is a modal technique based on identification of singularities in the complex frequency and wavenumber planes. Previous application of the double deformation technique to the solution of this problem is incomplete in the early time response. In this paper it is shown that the existence of a pole locus on the negative imaginary frequency axis, which dominates the early time response, proves crucial in obtaining the solution for all times. A variety of combinations of parameters are used to illustrate the double deformation technique, and results will be compared with those obtained via explicit inversion, and a single deformation method.

We report on a sup 3 He-magnetometer capable of detecting tiny magnetic field fluctuations of less than 10 sup - sup 1 sup 4 T in experiments for measuring the electricdipole moment (EDM) of the neutron. It is based on the Ramsey technique of separated oscillating fields and uses nuclear spin-polarized sup 3 He gas which is stored in two vessels of V approx =10 l in a sandwich-type arrangement around the storage bottle for ultra-cold neutrons (UCN). The gas is polarized by means of optical pumping in a separate, small discharge cell at pressures around 0.5 mbar and is then expanded into the actual magnetometer volume. To detect the polarization of sup 3 He gas at the end of the storage cycle the gas is pumped out by means of an oil-diffusion pump and compressed again into the discharge cell where optical detection of nuclear polarization is used.

Measurement of the electricdipole moment (EDM) of 2H or of 3He may well come prior to the coveted measurement of the neutron EDM. Exact model calculations for the deuteron are feasible, and we explore here the model dependence of such deuteron EDM calculations. We investigate in a separable potential approach the relationship of the full model calculation to the plane wave approximation, correct an error in an early potential model result, and examine the tensor force aspects of the model results as well as the effect of the short range repulsion found in the realistic, contemporary potential model calculations of Liu and Timmermans. We conclude that, because one-pion exchange dominates the EDM calculation, separable potential model calculations should provide an adequate picture of the 2H EDM until better than 10% measurements are achieved.

Planck results have revealed that the electricdipole emission from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is the most likely explanation for anomalous microwave emission that interferes with cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation experiments. The emerging question is to what extent this emission component contaminates to the polarized CMB radiation. We present constraints on polarized dust emission for the model of grain size distribution and grain alignment that best fits to observed extinction and polarization data. Two stars with a prominent polarization excess at 2175 Angstrom, HD 197770 and HD 147933-4, are chosen for our study. For HD 197770, we find that the model with aligned silicate grains plus weakly aligned PAHs can reproduce the 2175 Angstrom polarization feature; whereas, for HD 147933-4, we find that the alignment by silicate grains only can account for that feature. The alignment function of PAHs for the best fit model to the HD 197770 data is employed to constrain polarized spinning du...

The search for an electricdipole moment (EDM) of the neutron is a crucial test for theoretical particle physics models with violation of time and spatial invariance. A new experiment recently has been carried out at the High-Flux Reactor at Institut Laue-Langevin, using the upgraded double-chamber magnetic resonance spectrometer developed at Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute. The result is interpreted as an upper limit on the value of the neutron EDM, | dn|<5.5 × 10-26ecm (90% C.L.). This article provides a detailed description of the setup and experimental procedures, along with a discussion of possibilities for further improvement of the experimental accuracy.

Using the ARGUS detector at the e+e- storage ring DORIS II, we have searched for the real and imaginary part of the electricdipole formfactor d_tau of the tau lepton in the production of tau pairs at q^2=100 GeV^2. This is the first direct measurement of this CP violating formfactor. We applied the method of optimised observables which takes into account all available information on the observed tau decay products. No evidence for CP violation was found, and we derive the following results: Re(d_tau)=(1.6+-.9)*10^(-16) ecm and Im(d_tau)=(-0.2+-0.8)*10^(-16) ecm, where statistical and systematic errors have been combined.

Full Text Available In this paper, we use integral equation and damped least-squares method to invert three dimensional abnormal body's electromagnetic field through horizontal electricdipole source multiple locations excitation. Multiple groups electromagnetic field data in different excitation and receiving points to be uniform consideration in once inversion, the Jacobian matrix is obtained and divided into linear terms and nonlinear terms. At last, we use the forward simulation data fit the measured data, and gradually modify geoelectricity model parameter values, ultimately achieve optimal fitting, gain three dimensional abnormal body's resistivity. Model test shows that the inversion algorithm has a fast convergence speed, less dependents on the initial value; the inversion result is accurate and reliable. It is an effective solution to the inversion failure caused by insufficient amount of data.

The spherical harmonic series expression of electromagnetic fields excited by ELF/SLF vertical electricdipole in the spherical earth-ionosphere cavity is derived when the earth and ionosphere are regarded as non-ideal conductors. A method of speeding numerical convergence has been presented. The electromagnetic fields in the cavity are calculated by this algorithm, and the results show that the electromagnetic fields between the earth and the ionosphere are the sum of two traveling waves in the SLF band. Moreover, the results are in complete agreement with that of the well-known spherical second-order approximation in the SLF band. The electromagnetic fields in the cavity are a type of standing wave in the ELF band and the variation of the amplitude versus frequency coincides with Schumann's resonance.

The CP-violating phase may arise beyond the SM Higgs sectors. Due to the possible cancellation mechanism in the electricdipole moment (EDM) contributions mediated by the CP-violating Higgs sectors, the CP violation may escape the current and even the future constraints of the eEDM measurements. The cancellations in the quark and chromo-EDMs driven by the same sources alleviates the constraints of the neutron and diamagnetic atom EDM measurements. This property can be induced by the mass degeneracy of two heavy Higgs bosons. On the other hand, the diamagnetic atom EDM experiments can be more competitive to constrain or detect the CP-violating phases in this scenario. We explore this point in the framework of the type-II two-Higgs-doublet model and the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model.

We compute the electricdipole moment d(n) of the neutron from a fully dynamical simulation of lattice QCD with 2+1 flavors of clover fermions and nonvanishing θ term. The latter is rotated into a pseudoscalar density in the fermionic action using the axial anomaly. To make the action real, the vacuum angle θ is taken to be purely imaginary. The physical value of dd(n) is obtained by analytic continuation. We find d(n)=-3.9(2)(9)×10(-16) θ e cm, which, when combined with the experimental limit on d(n), leads to the upper bound |θ|≲7.4×10(-11).

Until now no electricdipole moment of the neutron (nEDM) has been observed. Why it is so vanishingly small, escaping detection for the last 65 years, is not easy to explain. In general it is considered as one of the most sensitive probes for the violation of the combined symmetry of charge and parity (CP). A discovery could shed light on the poorly understood matter/antimatter asymmetry of the Universe. The neutron EDM might one day help to distinguish different sources of CP-violation in combination with measurements of paramagnetic molecules, diamagnetic atoms and other nuclei. This review presents an overview of the most important concepts in searches for an nEDM as well as a brief overview of the worldwide efforts.

New physics beyond the Standard Model: The small CP violation contained in the Standard Model is insufficient to account for the baryon/antibaryon asymmetry in the universe. New sources of CP violation are provided by extensions to the Standard Model. They contain CP-violating phases that couple directly to leptons and from which a large electron electricdipole moment (EDM) may be generated. Observation of an electron EDM would be proof of a Standard Model extension because the Standard Model only allows an electron EDM of less than 10(exppp -57) C-m (S.I. units; 1 C-m = 1.6 x 10(exp -21) e-cm). A null result, however, constrains models and improving the limit tightens constraints, further restricting the models.

Mass and electricdipole moment (EDM) of graviton, which is identified as dark matter particle (DMP), are estimated. This change the concept of dark matter and can help to explain the baryon asymmetry of the universe. The calculations are based on quantum modification of the general relativity (Qmoger) with two additional terms in the Einstein equations, which takes into account production/absorption of gravitons. In this theory, there are no Big Bang in the beginning (some local bangs during the evolution of the universe are probable), no critical density of the universe, no dark energy (no need in cosmological constant) and no inflation. The theory (without fitting) is in good quantitative agreement with cosmic data.

To explain the observed neutrino masses through the seesaw mechanism, a supersymmetric generalization of the Standard Model should include heavy right-handed neutrino supermultiplets. Then the neutrino Yukawa couplings can induce CP violation in the lepton sector. In this paper, we compute the contribution of these CP violating terms to lepton electricdipole moments. We introduce a new formalism that makes use of supersymmetry to expose the GIM cancellations. In the region of small tan {beta}, we find a different result from that given previously by Ellis, Hisano, Raidal, and Shimizu. We confirm the structure found by this group, but with a much smaller overall coefficient. In the region of large tan {beta}, we recompute the leading term that has been identified by Masina and confirm her result up to minor factors. We discuss the implications of these results for constraints on the Y{sub v}.

Permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs) in atoms or molecules are signatures of Time (T)-and Parity (P)-violation and represent an important window onto physics beyond the Standard Model. We are developing a next generation EDM search around laser-cooled and trapped Ra-225 (t1/2 = 15 d). Due to octupole deformation of the nucleus, Ra-225 is predicted to be two to three orders of magnitude more sensitive to T-violating interactions than Hg-199, which currently sets the most stringent limits in the nuclear sector. We will discuss our progress, including the successful laser cooling and trapping of Ra-225 and Ra-226 atoms. We have demonstrated transverse cooling, Zeeman slowing, and capture of Ra-225 and Ra-226 atoms in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). By driving a second atomic transition, we have extended the lifetime of the trap from milliseconds to seconds and performed necessary spectroscopic measurements.

The possibility to detect the noncommutative (NC) spacetime in the electricdipole moments (EDM) experiments is studied in the effective field theory of noncommutative Standard Model (NCSM) with many additional deformations. The EDM given by the previous literatures do not have any observable effect since they are spin-independent. In this work, it is found that three of the deformed terms provide extra sources of CP violation contributed to EDM. We show that these EDMs are sensitive to the spin and thus have potential to be measured in the highly precise experiments. In particular, the EDM induced by NC spacetime may not be parallel to the direction of spin, which demonstrates the intrinsic feature of NC field theory.

Nonzero permanent electricdipole moments (EDM) of fundamental systems like particles, nuclei, atoms or molecules violate parity and time reversal invariance. Invoking the CPT theorem, time reversal violation implies CP violation. Although CP-violation is implemented in the standard electro-weak theory, EDM generated this way remain undetectably small. However, this CP-violation also appears to fail explaining the observed baryon asymmetry of our universe. Extensions of the standard theory usually include new CP violating phases which often lead to the prediciton of larger EDM. EDM searches in different systems are complementary and various efforts worldwide are underway, but no finite value could be established yet. An improved search for the EDM of the neutron requires, among other things, much better statistics. At PSI, we are presently commissioning a new high intensity source of ultracold neutrons. At the same time, with an international collaboration, we are setting up for a new measurement of the ...

Full Text Available A novel feeding structure in magneto-electricdipole antenna is proposed and analyzed, which is simpler and better in performance than previous designs, involving differential feeding. Due to this improved feeding structure, the antenna has achieved an impedance bandwidth of 133.3% ( 0.5 GHz – 2.5 GHz, resulting into an ultra-wide band antenna. The maximum broadside gain 7.5dBi with unidirectional radiation pattern has also been reported for the entire the range of operation. Symmetry in E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns has been observed due to the symmetry in structure and excitation of antenna. The antenna has also been able to achieve cross polarization levels.

We present a lattice calculation of the neutron and proton electricdipole moments (EDMs) with Nf=2 +1 flavors of domain-wall fermions. The neutron and proton EDM form factors are extracted from three-point functions at the next-to-leading order in the θ vacuum of QCD. In this computation, we use pion masses of 0.33 and 0.42 GeV and 2.7 fm3 lattices with Iwasaki gauge action, and a 0.17 GeV pion and a 4.6 fm3 lattice with I-DSDR gauge action, all generated by the RBC and UKQCD collaborations. The all-mode averaging technique enables an efficient and high statistics calculation. Chiral behavior of lattice EDMs is discussed in the context of baryon chiral perturbation theory. In addition, we also show numerical evidence on the relationship of three- and two-point correlation functions with the local topological charge distribution.

We compute the electricdipole moment d{sub n} of the neutron from a fully dynamical simulation of lattice QCD with 2+1 flavors of clover fermions and nonvanishing theta term. The latter is rotated into the pseudoscalar density in the fermionic action using the axial anomaly. To make the action real, the vacuum angle θ is taken to be purely imaginary. The physical value of d{sub n} is obtained by analytic continuation. We find d{sub n}=-3.8(2)(9) x 10{sup -16} θ e cm, which, when combined with the experimental limit on d{sub n}, leads to the upper bound vertical stroke θ vertical stroke

The measurement of a nonzero electricdipole moment (EDM) of the neutron would significantly impact our understanding of the nature of the electro-weak and strong interactions. The goal of the current experiment is to improve the measurement sensitivity of the EDM by two orders of magnitude. The experiment is based on the magnetic-resonance technique of rotating a magnetic dipole moment in a magnetic field. The measurement of the neutron EDM comes from a measurement of the difference in the precession frequencies of neutrons when a strong electric field parallel to the magnetic field is reversed. This construction project is divided into a number of subsystems, five of which require automated control. The Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) is a slow-controls data acquisition (DAQ) system and is the system of choice for this experiment. It was selected for both its ease of use and ability to act as a total control system for large systems. As part of the initial research and development for the EDM project, we are setting up a prototype system that will eventually be copied and sent to the subsystem managers. This prototype consists of a VME crate housing a single board computer and DAQ modules. EPICS, running on a PC with CentOS Linux-x86, interfaces with the VME single board computer and provides a graphical user interface for the control system. The details on building this prototype DAQ system will be presented. Supported in part by the U.S. DoE.

The extension of the study of the conformational space of the structure of (+)-catechin at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory is presented in this paper. (+)-Catechin belongs to the family of the flavan-3-ols, which is one of the five largest phenolic groups widely distributed in nature, and whose biological activity and pharmaceutical utility are related to the antioxidant activity due to their ability to scavenge free radicals. The effects of free rotation around all C-O bonds of the OH substituents at different rings are taken into account, obtaining as the most stable conformer, one that had not been previously reported. One hundred seven structures, and a study of the effects of charge delocalization and stereoelectronic effects at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level are reported by natural bond orbital analysis, streamlining the order of these structures. For further analysis of the structural and molecular properties of this compound in a biological environment, the calculation of polarizabilities, and the study of the electricdipole moment are performed considering the whole conformational space described. The results are analyzed in terms of accumulated knowledge for (4α → 6″, 2α → O → 1″)-phenylflavans and (+)-catechin in previous works, enriching the study of both types of structures, and taking into account the importance of considering the whole conformational space in modeling both the polarizability and the electricdipole moment, also proposing to define a descriptive subspace of only 16 conformers.

The Standard Model (SM) of Particle Physics is not capable of accounting for the apparent matter-antimatter asymmetry of our universe. Physics beyond the SM is required and is searched for by (i) employing highest energies (e.g., at LHC), and (ii) striving for ultimate precision and sensitivity (e.g., in the search for electricdipole moments (EDMs)). Permanent EDMs of particles violate both time reversal (T) and parity (P) invariance, and are via the CPT-theorem also CP-violating. Finding an EDM would be a strong indication for physics beyond the SM, and reducing upper limits further provides crucial tests for any corresponding theoretical model, e.g., SUSY. Direct searches for proton and deuteron EDMs bear the potential to reach sensitivities beyond 10-29 e·cm. For an all-electric proton storage ring, this goal is pursued by the US-based srEDM collaboration [1], while the newly founded Jülich-based JEDI collaboration [2] is pursuing an approach using a combined electric-magnetic lattice, which shall provide access to the EDMs of protons, deuterons, and 3He ions in the same machine. In addition, JEDI has recently proposed making a direct measurement of the proton and/or deuteron EDM at COSY using resonant techniques involving Wien filters.

The Standard Model (SM) of Particle Physics is not capable to account for the apparent matterantimatter asymmetry of our Universe. Physics beyond the SM is required and is searched for by (i) employing highest energies (e.g., at LHC), and (ii) striving for ultimate precision and sensitivity (e.g., in the search for electricdipole moments (EDMs)). Permanent EDMs of particles violate both time reversal ( T) and parity ( P) invariance, and are via the CPT-theorem also CP-violating. Finding an EDM would be a strong indication for physics beyond the SM, and pushing upper limits further provides crucial tests for any corresponding theoretical model, e.g., SUSY. Direct searches of proton and deuteron EDMs bear the potential to reach sensitivities beyond 10-29 e cm. For an all-electric proton storage ring, this goal is pursued by the US-based srEDM collaboration [2], while the newly found Julich-based JEDI collaboration [1] is pursuing an approach using a combined electric-magnetic lattice which shall provide access to the EDMs of protons, deuterons, and 3He ions in the same machine. In addition, JEDI has recently proposed to perform a direct measurement of the proton and/or deuteron EDM at COSY using resonant techniques involving Wien filters.

Permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs) violate parity and time reversal symmetry at the same time. Assuming CPT invariance a non-zero EDM would also violate CP symmetry, which could provide an explanation for the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe. An EDM at the present limit of experimental sensitivity would provide unambiguous evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model. Our approach is to observe the coherent spin-precession of co-located {sup 3}He/{sup 129}Xe polarized samples over extended periods of 1 day, typically. Based on results of measurements on Lorentz-invariance, we intend to reach a measurement sensitivity that will improve the present upper limit d{sub Xe} = 3 . 10{sup -27} ecm significantly. Phase I of this experiment will be performed in the magnetically shielded room BMSR-2 of the PTB Berlin using very sensitive SQUID gradiometers as magnetic flux detectors and electric fields of 2 kV/cm. The experimental setup, in particular the implementation of the electric field, and current status of work are presented.

Electricdipole moments (edms) of bound states that arise from the constituents having edms are studied with field-theoretic techniques. The systems treated are the neutron and a set of paramagnetic atoms. In the latter case it is well known that the atomic edm differs greatly from the electron edm when the internal electric fields of the atom are taken into account. In the nonrelativistic limit these fields lead to a complete suppression, but for heavy atoms large enhancement factors are present. A general bound-state field theory approach applicable to both the neutron and paramagnetic atoms is set up. It is applied first to the neutron, treating the quarks as moving freely in a confining spherical well. It is shown that the effect of internal electric fields is small in this case. The atomic problem is then revisited using field-theory techniques in place of the usual Hamiltonian methods, and the atomic enhancement factor is shown to be consistent with previous calculations. Possible application of bound-state techniques to other sources of the neutron edm is discussed.

Combined experimental and theoretical studies on the electricdipole moment of the electron (eEDM) can probe energy scales of a few TeV to PeV. The possible existence of the eEDM gives rise to an experimentally observed energy shift, which is proportional to the effective electric field (Eeff) of a target molecule. Hence, an analysis of the quantities that enhance Eeff is necessary to identify suitable molecules for eEDM searches. In the context of such searches, it is generally believed that a molecule with larger electric polarization also has a larger value of Eeff. However, our Dirac-Fock and relativistic coupled-cluster singles and doubles calculations show that the hydrides of Yb and Hg have larger Eeff than those of fluorides, even though their polarizations are smaller. This is due to significant mixing of valence s and p orbitals of the heavy atom in the molecules. This mixing has been attributed to the energy differences of the valence atomic orbitals and the overlap of the two atomic orbitals based on the orbital interaction theory.

With applications to geophysical subsurface probings, electromagnetic fields due to a horizontal electricdipole laid on the surface of a two-layer medium are solved by a combination of analytic and numerical methods. Interference patterns are calculated for various layer thickness. The results are interpreted in terms of normal modes, and the accuracies of the methods are discussed.

At the KVI preparations are underway to study time-reversal violation. We will discuss two complementary experiments: Correlations in {beta} decay of {sup 21}Na and the search for an electricdipole moment in Radium. We discuss the complementarity of these measurements and put them in the context of current research.

The relation between the rotational g-factor and the electricdipole moment of a diatomic molecule is investigated. An explicit expression for the irreducible nonadiabatic contribution in terms of excited electronic states is derived. The importance of this expression for the analysis of vibration...

This Letter describes the results of the most recent measurement of the permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) of neutral Hg 199 atoms. Fused silica vapor cells containing enriched Hg 199 are arranged in a stack in a common magnetic field. Optical pumping is used to spin polarize the atoms orthogonal to the applied magnetic field, and the Faraday rotation of near-resonant light is observed to determine an electric-field-induced perturbation to the Larmor precession frequency. Our results for this frequency shift are consistent with zero; we find the corresponding Hg 199 EDM dHg=(-2.20 ±2.7 5stat±1.4 8syst)×10-30e cm . We use this result to place a new upper limit on the Hg 199 EDM |dHg|<7.4 ×10-30e cm (95% C.L.), improving our previous limit by a factor of 4. We also discuss the implications of this result for various C P -violating observables as they relate to theories of physics beyond the standard model.

This paper describes the results of the most recent measurement of the permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) of neutral $^{199}$Hg atoms. Fused silica vapor cells containing enriched $^{199}$Hg are arranged in a stack in a common magnetic field. Optical pumping is used to spin-polarize the atoms orthogonal to the applied magnetic field, and the Faraday rotation of near-resonant light is observed to determine an electric-field-induced perturbation to the Larmor precession frequency. Our results for this frequency shift are consistent with zero; we find the corresponding $^{199}$Hg EDM $d_{Hg} = (-2.20 \\pm 2.75_{stat} \\pm 1.48_{syst}) \\times 10^{-30} e\\cdot \\text{cm}$. We use this result to place a new upper limit on the $^{199}$Hg EDM $|d_{Hg}| < 7.4\\times 10^{-30} e\\cdot \\text{cm}$ (95\\% C.L.), improving our previous limit by a factor of 4. We also discuss the implications of this result for various $CP$-violating observables as they relate to theories of physics beyond the standard model.

In this theoretical study we qualitatively and quantitatively investigate the electricdipole spin resonance (EDSR) in a single Si/SiGe quantum dot in the presence of a magnetic field gradient, e.g., produced by a ferromagnet. We model a situation in which the control of electron spin states is achieved by applying an oscillatory electric field, inducing real-space oscillations of the electron inside the quantum dot. One of the goals of our study is to present a microscopic theory of valley-dependent g factors in Si/SiGe quantum dots and investigate how valley relaxation combined with a valley-dependent g factor leads to a novel electron spin dephasing mechanism. Furthermore, we discuss the interplay of spin and valley relaxations in Si/SiGe quantum dots. Our findings suggest that the electron spin dephases due to valley relaxation, and are in agreement with recent experimental studies [Nat. Nanotechnol. 9, 666 (2014), 10.1038/nnano.2014.153].

This Letter describes the results of the most recent measurement of the permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) of neutral ^{199}Hg atoms. Fused silica vapor cells containing enriched ^{199}Hg are arranged in a stack in a common magnetic field. Optical pumping is used to spin polarize the atoms orthogonal to the applied magnetic field, and the Faraday rotation of near-resonant light is observed to determine an electric-field-induced perturbation to the Larmor precession frequency. Our results for this frequency shift are consistent with zero; we find the corresponding ^{199}Hg EDM d_{Hg}=(-2.20±2.75_{stat}±1.48_{syst})×10^{-30}e cm. We use this result to place a new upper limit on the ^{199}Hg EDM |d_{Hg}|<7.4×10^{-30}e cm (95% C.L.), improving our previous limit by a factor of 4. We also discuss the implications of this result for various CP-violating observables as they relate to theories of physics beyond the standard model.

Based on our latest measurements of the electron's electricdipole moment (eEDM) using trapped HfF+ ions, after 100 hours of data collection, the statistical error still dominates in our overall uncertainty budget. Overcoming the bottleneck of limited statistical sensitivity can increase the precision of the eEDM measurement directly. Here, we present the progress of three ongoing experiments: (1) applying STImulated Raman Adiabatic Passage (STIRAP) with rotating linear polarization for increased coherent population transfer from the ground X1Σ+ state to the eEDM-sensitive 3Δ1 state; (2) implementing a new ion-counting detector toward shot-noise limited sensitivity with significant suppression technical noise; (3) exploring the possibility of using the ground 3Δ1 state of ThF+ ions to realize a larger effective electric field and a longer coherence time. These experiments provide a route towards an order of magnitude increase in statistical sensitivity in the second generation of measurements.

Since the 1950's people search for electricdipole moments (EDM) of fundamental systems, an unambiguous manifestation of parity (P) and time reversal (T) symmetry violation. Although the Standard Model (SM) predicts very small values for EDMs, extensions of the SM (eg. Supersymmetry) require large EDMs, which are within the reach of next generation experiments. Besides the neutron as the most prominent example of an EDM search, diamagnetic atoms like 199-Hg set strong limits d{sub H}g < 2.1E-28 ecm. We present a novel approach to measure the EDM of the diamagnetic atom 129-Xe by a novel method, based on liquid hyper-polarized 129-Xe droplets condensed in a micro-fabricated structure. Due to the large density of the liquid, the size of the experiment can be minimized. This enables a conceptually new strategy to measure an EDM by applying rotating electric fields in the spin-precession plane. This method, where the EDM and the Larmor-precession are independent effects, can be used in addition to the 'conventional' Ramsey technique. Due to the small size also stability and gradients of the magnetic field can be controlled on an unprecedented level, using low-temperature SQUID magnetometry. Systematic effects, in particular motional effects, are controlled by performing an array of experiments in parallel on the same chip with different conditions.

Using special capacitors three experiments to search for a permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) of Cesium atom were completed. The electric susceptibility xe of Cs vapor varies in direct proportion to the density N, where xe =70 when N=7.37*1022 m-3! The relationship between xe of Cs vapor and the absolute temperatures T is xe =B/T, where the slope B=320(k) as polar molecules H2O(B=1.50(k)). Its capacitance C at different voltage V was measured. The C-V curve shows that the saturation polarization of Cs vapor has be observed when the field E=7.4*104V/m. Our measurements give the EDM of an Cs atom : dCs=2.97*10-29 C.m=1.86*10-8 e.cm. New example of CP (charge conjugation and parity) violation occurred in Cs atoms. Our results are easy to be repeated because the details of the experiment are described in the article.

Permanent ElectricDipole Moments (EDMs) of elementary particles violate two fundamental symmetries: time reversal invariance ({T}) and parity ({P}). Assuming the {CPT} theorem this implies {CP} violation. The {CP} violation of the Standard Model is orders of magnitude too small to be observed experimentally in EDMs in the foreseeable future. It is also way too small to explain the asymmetry in abundance of matter and anti-matter in our universe. Hence, other mechanisms of {CP} violation outside the realm of the Standard Model are searched for and could result in measurable EDMs. Up to now most of the EDM measurements were done with neutral particles. With new techniques it is now possible to perform dedicated EDM experiments with charged hadrons at storage rings where polarized particles are exposed to an electric field. If an EDM exists the spin vector will experience a torque resulting in change of the original spin direction which can be determined with the help of a polarimeter. Although the principle of the measurement is simple, the smallness of the expected effect makes this a challenging experiment requiring new developments in various experimental areas. Complementary efforts to measure EDMs of proton, deuteron and light nuclei are pursued at Brookhaven National Laboratory and at Forschungszentrum Jülich with an ultimate goal to reach a sensitivity of 10 - 29 e·cm.

We analyze some dimension-five C P T -even and Lorentz-violating nonminimal couplings between fermionic and gauge fields in the context of the Dirac equation. After evaluating the nonrelativistic Hamiltonian, we discuss the behavior of the terms under discrete symmetries and analyze the implied effects. We then use the anomalous magnetic dipole moment and electron electricdipole moment measurements to reach upper bounds of 1 part in 1020 and 1024 (eV )-1 , improving the level of restriction on such couplings by at least 8 orders of magnitude. These upper bounds are also transferred to the Sun-centered frame by considering the Earth's rotational motion.

Precision spectroscopy of trapped HfF^+ will be used in a search for the permanent electricdipole moment of the electron (eEDM). While this dipole moment has yet to be observed, various extensions to the standard model of particle physics (such as supersymmetry) predict values that are close to the current limit. We present extensive survey spectroscopy of 19 bands covering nearly 5000 cm^(-1) using both frequency-comb and single-frequency laser velocity-modulation spectroscopy. We obtain high-precision rovibrational constants for eight electronic states including those that will be necessary for state preparation and readout in an actual eEDM experiment.

The magnetic monopole was postulated in 1931 by Dirac to explain electric charge quantisation. Searches for pair-produced monopoles are performed at accelerator facilities whenever a new energy regime is made available. In addition, monopoles with masses too high to be accessible at colliders would still have been produced in the early Universe and such relics can be searched for either in flight or trapped in matter. Here we discuss recent results and future prospects at the LHC and in bulk matter searches, with emphasis on the complementarity between the various techniques. Significant improvements of the results from the ATLAS experiment are expected with the development of new triggers. Dedicated LHC experiments will allow to probe wider ranges of monopole charges and masses: the MoEDAL experiment using both nuclear-track detectors and absorbing arrays, and searches for trapped monopoles in accelerator material. Finally, it is highlighted how the first search for monopoles trapped in polar volcanic rocks ...

Various extensions of the Standard Model motivate the existence of stable magnetic monopoles that could have been created during an early high-energy epoch of the Universe. These primordial magnetic monopoles would be gradually accelerated by cosmic magnetic fields and could reach high velocities that make them visible in Cherenkov detectors such as IceCube. Equivalently to electrically charged particles, magnetic monopoles produce direct and indirect Cherenkov light while traversing through matter at relativistic velocities. This paper describes searches for relativistic (v>0.76c) and mildly relativistic (v>0.51c) monopoles, each using one year of data taken in 2008/09 and 2011/12 respectively. No monopole candidate was detected. For a velocity above 0.51c the monopole flux is constrained down to a level of 1.55x10^-18 cm-2 s-1 sr-1. This is an improvement of almost two orders of magnitude over previous limits.

In this letter, we show that superluminal neutrinos announced by OPERA could be explained by the existence of a monopole, which is left behind after the spontaneous symmetry braking (SSB) phase transition of some scalar fields in the universe. We assume the 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole couples to the neutrinos but not photon fields. The monopole causes effective metric to the neutrinos, different from the Minkovski one. We find that the monopoles have influences on neutrinos only within the range about $10^3$ cm. Neutrinos always arrive earlier than photons by the same amount of time, once there exists a monopole on or close to their trajectories. This result reconciles the contradiction between OPERA and supernova neutrinos.

A search for highly ionizing particles produced in proton-proton collisions at 8 TeV center-of-mass energy is performed by the ATLAS collaboration at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The dataset used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 7.0 fb$^{-1}$. A customized trigger significantly increases the sensitivity, permitting a search for such particles with charges and energies beyond what was previously accessible. No event is found in the signal region, leading to production cross-section upper limits in the mass range 200--2500 GeV for magnetic monopoles with magnetic charge in the range $0.5g_{D}electric charge in the range $10

电偶源是研究电磁法探测原理中常被使用的一种主动源。在实际工作中，常采用供电导线向大地发射电流，当发射端与接收点距离远大于供电导线两极长度时，才可将供电导线看作是电偶极子。但在很多情况下并不满足此条件，使基于电偶极子的场计算公式不再适用，因此正反演中需要先将长导线源切分成若干个电偶极子，然后对各偶极子的场响应进行叠加。对此，这里研究并实现了将长导线源切分成多个电偶极子的算法，以二分法为原理的递归切分算法切分出的电偶极子数目相对较多；以穷举法为原理的切分算法在穷举步长较小（如0．1 m）时能较准确地切分出电偶极子的位置。两种算法都可应用于长导线源正反演场的计算。%Electricdipole is a positive electrical current source which is usually used to research principles on electromagnetic prospecting method.We often introduce the power supply wire to transmit current towards the ground in actual jobs.When the distance between the transmitter and the receiver is far larger than the length of the power supply wire,which can be regarded as electricdipole.Howere,the condition of the power supply wire being electricdipole is not be satisfied in many case.This leads to formulas of calculating fields based on the electricdipole not be applicable.In this case,long wire source needs to be cut some electricdipoles,then to add every dipole's response.To solve the problem,the paper studied and realized algorithms to segment long wire source into some electricdipoles.The more electricdipoles can be got when to use the recursion algorithm based on the principle of binary search,the more accuracy positions of electricdipoles can be found when to use the algorithm based on exhaustion method if a smaller step chosen (for instance 0.1 meters).Both of the two algorithms can be applied for the calculating fields of long

We generalize previous analyses to consider the behaviour of magnetic monopoles with mass exceeding 7 x 10/sup 18/ GeV in the galaxy. The maximum allowed monopole density compatible with the existence and persistence of the galactic magnetic field is calculated when the monopole populated contains monopoles with mass both greater and less than 7 x 10/sup 18/ GeV.

How to extract an electricdipole (E1) breakup cross section \\sigma(E1) from one- neutron removal cross sections measured by using 12C and 208Pb targets, \\sigma_(-1n)^C and \\sigma_(-1n)^Pb, respectively, is discussed. It is shown that within about 5% error, \\sigma(E1) can be obtained by subtracting \\Gamma \\sigma_(-1n)^C from \\sigma_(- 1n)^Pb, as assumed in preceding studies. However, for the reaction of weakly-bound projectiles, the scaling factor \\Gamma is found to be two times as large as that usually adopted. As a result, we obtain 13-20% smaller \\sigma(E1) of 31Ne at 250 MeV/nucleon than extracted in a previous analysis of experimental data. By compiling the values of \\Gamma obtained for several projectiles, \\Gamma=(2.30 +/- 0.41)\\exp(- S_n)+(2.43 +/- 0.21) is obtained, where S_n is the neutron separation energy. The target mass number dependence of the nuclear parts of the one-neutron removal cross section and the elastic breakup cross section is also investigated.

We present for the first time a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the experimental results that set the current world sensitivity limit on the magnitude of the electricdipole moment (EDM) of the neutron. We have extended and enhanced our earlier analysis to include recent developments in the understanding of the effects of gravity in depolarizing ultracold neutrons (UCN); an improved calculation of the spectrum of the neutrons; and conservative estimates of other possible systematic errors, which are also shown to be consistent with more recent measurements undertaken with the apparatus. We obtain a net result of $d_\\mathrm{n} = -0.21 \\pm 1.82 \\times10^{-26}$ $e$cm, which may be interpreted as a slightly revised upper limit on the magnitude of the EDM of $3.0 \\times10^{-26}$ $e$cm (90% CL) or $ 3.6 \\times10^{-26}$ $e$cm (95% CL). This paper is dedicated by the remaining authors to the memory of Prof. J. Michael Pendlebury.

The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is known to be incomplete. It fails to explain dark matter, and why matter survived annihilation with antimatter following the Big Bang. Proposed extensions to the SM, such as weak-scale Supersymmetry (SUSY), may explain these phenomena by positing the existence of new particles and new interactions that are not symmetric under the time-reversal (T) transformation. These same theories nearly always predict a small, yet potentially measurable, asymmetric charge distribution directed along the spin ($\\vec{S}$) of the electron, an electricdipole moment (EDM, $\\vec{d_e}=d_e \\vec{S}/(\\hbar/2)$), which is also asymmetric under T. The predicted value of $d_e$ in these SM extensions is typically in the range of $10^{-27}$-$10^{-30}$ $e$ cm, orders of magnitude larger than is predicted by the SM. Here, we report a new search for the electron EDM using the polar molecule thorium monoxide (ThO). Our result, $d_e = (-2.1 \\pm 3.7_\\mathrm{stat} \\pm 2.5_\\mathrm{syst})\\times 10^{-...

The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model can possess several CP-violating phases beyond the conventional Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa phase. We calculate the contribution of these phases to T-violating nuclear forces. These forces induce a Schiff moment in the $^{199}$Hg nucleus, which is strongly limited by experiments aimed at the detection of the electricdipole moment of the mercury atom. The result for $d_{Hg}$ is found to be very sensitive to the CP-violating phases of the MSSM and the calculation carries far fewer QCD uncertainties than the corresponding calculation of the neutron EDM. In certain regions of the MSSM parameter space, the limit from the mercury EDM is stronger than previous constraints based on either the neutron or electron EDMs. We present combined constraints from the mercury and electron EDMs to limit both CP-violating phases of the MSSM. We also present limits in mSUGRA models with unified gaugino and scalar masses at the GUT scale.

Planck results have revealed that the electricdipole emission from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is the most reliable explanation for the anomalous microwave emission that interferes with cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation experiments. The emerging question is to what extent this emission component contaminates the polarized CMB radiation. We present constraints on polarized dust emission for the model of grain-size distribution and grain alignment that best fits the observed extinction and polarization curves. Two stars with a prominent polarization feature at λ = 2175 Å—HD 197770 and HD 147933-4—are chosen for our study. For HD 197770, we find that the model with aligned silicate grains plus weakly aligned PAHs can successfully reproduce the 2175 Å polarization feature; in contrast, for HD 147933-4, we find that the alignment of only silicate grains can account for that feature. The alignment function of PAHs for the best-fit model to the HD 197770 data is used to constrain polarized spinning dust emission. We find that the degree of polarization of spinning dust emission is about 1.6% at frequency ν ≈ 3 GHz and declines to below 0.9% for ν > 20 GHz. We also predict the degree of polarization of thermal dust emission at 353 GHz to be P {sub em} ≈ 11% and 14% for the lines of sight to the HD 197770 and HD 147933-4 stars, respectively.

The electron is predicted to have a small electricdipole moment (EDM). The size of this fundamental property is intimately connected to the breaking of time reversal symmetry (T) in nature. The Standard Model, which does include a small amount of T asymmetry, predicts the EDM to be too small to ever detect at demachine since the last measurement. We have increased the statistical sensitivity of our interferometer by increasing the number of YbF molecules that participate in the experiment and by increasing their detection probability. We demonstrate several hardware developments that combine laser, microwave and rf fields which, when applied to YbF, can pump six times more population into the initial measurement state. In the detection region we have used techniques developed for molecular laser cooling, including resonant polarisation modulation, to dramatically increase the number of scattered photons by a factor of 10. Combining all improvements, the statistical uncertainty of our measurement is expected to be reduced by a factor of ninety, allowing us to search for physics beyond the Standard Model and below the recent upper limit of de<8.9x10-29 e.cm.

Permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs) in atoms or molecules are signatures of Time (T)-and Parity (P)-violation and represent an important window onto physics beyond the Standard Model. We are developing a next generation EDM search around laser-cooled and trapped Ra-225. Due to octupole deformation of the nucleus, Ra-225 is predicted to be two to three orders of magnitude more sensitive to T-violating interactions than Hg-199, which currently sets the most stringent limits in the nuclear sector. We will discuss our progress, including the successful laser cooling and trapping of Ra-226 atoms. Using the ^1S0 F=0 -- ^3P1 F=1 transition, we have demonstrated transverse cooling, Zeeman slowing, and capture of Ra-226 atoms in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). By repumping the ^3D1 dark state to the ^1P1 state, which decays back to ground ^1S0 state, we have extended the lifetime of the trap from milliseconds to seconds.

The muon g − 2 experiment at Brookhaven National Lab (BNL E821) improved the measurement of anomalous magnetic moment of the muon (aμ = g-22 ) by an order of magnitude over the previous measurement made by the CERN collaboration. The experiment used segmented detectors in order to also improve the measurement of the muon electric-dipole moment (EDM) by an order of magnitude. There are several methods available for making such an EDM measurement. Three methods were studied for their sensitivities to an EDM and to systematic biases. The g2geant Monte Carlo program was used to generate over 200 million simulated events so that the studies were not limited by statistical uncertainties. Each method was also used to analyze the 1999 E821 data set which contains 20 million events. It was found that one method had the least susceptibility to systematic biases with the greatest resolution of the effects of an EDM, and could best discriminate between the effects of a true EDM and those of systematic ...

Over the last several decades, physicists have been measuring the neutron electricdipole moment (nEDM) with greater and greater sensitivity. The latest experiment we are developing will have 100 times more sensitivity than the previous leading experiment. A nonzero nEDM could, among other consequences, explain the presence of more matter than antimatter in the universe. To measure the nEDM with high accuracy, it is necessary to have a very uniform magnetic field inside the detector since non-uniformities can create false signals via the geometric phase effect. One way to improve field uniformity is to add superconducting lead endcaps to the detector, which constrain the fields at their surfaces to be parallel to them. Here, we test how the endcaps improve field uniformity by measuring the magnetic field at various points in a 1/3-scale experimental volume, inferring what the field must be at all other points, and calculating gradients in the field. This knowledge could help guide further steps needed to improve field uniformity and characterize limitations to the sensitivity of nEDM measurements for the full-scale experiment. Rose Hills Foundation, National Science Foundation Grant 1506459, and Department of Energy.

We report rigorous calculations of electricdipole moment (EDM) in $^{225}$Ra due to parity and time-reversal violating tensor-pseudotensor (T-PT) and nuclear Schiff moment (NSM) interactions between the electrons and nucleus by employing the relativistic all order coupled-cluster (RCC) methods at various levels of approximation. The most accurate EDM ($d_A$) results are obtained as $d_A=-10.04\\times 10^{-20} C_T |e|cm$ and $d_A^{NSM}=-6.79 \\times 10^{-17} S (|e|fm^3)^{-1} |e|cm$ with $C_T$ and $S$ are the T-PT coupling constant and NSM respectively. Due to exhaustive treatment of the electron correlation effects in these calculations, the EDM results for the corresponding T-PT and NSM interactions reduce by about 45\\% and 23\\%, respectively, from the previously known values. Nonetheless they are still found to be 2-3 times larger than the $^{199}$Hg results. Validity of the RCC results are countenanced by comparing our calculations at the zeroth order Dirac-Fock method and all order random-phase approximatio...

The periodic torsional, electricdipole moment (EDM) functions μ(ϕ) = ∑m = 0pmcos (m + 1/2)ϕ, of the atmospherically significant molecules HOOH and ClOOCl, have been derived from calculations at the CCSD(T) (coupled-cluster singles and doubles model, plus a noniterative triples correction) level of electronic-structure theory with augmented, correlation-consistent basis sets extrapolated to the approximate complete basis set limit. The μ(ϕ) of HOOH, defined by {pm} = {3.0979, -0.0301, -0.0058} D, is used to calculate squared transition EDMs that compare well with those previously derived using the experimental torsional line intensities. The μ(ϕ) of ClOOCl, defined by μ(ϕ) = {1.1935, 0.1163, 0.1341, -0.0040, -0.0099} D, requires a longer Fourier expansion because, in the range of dihedral angles from the cis (ϕ = 0) to the trans (ϕ = π) transition structures, three inflection points are found for ClOOCl, but only one for HOOH. The permanent EDM calculated for HOOH, 1.754 D, is in close agreement with the value deduced from experiment. Compared to HOOH, the permanent EDM vector calculated for ClOOCl is directed analogously, but has a significantly smaller magnitude, 0.700 D.

A non-zero neutron electricdipole moment (nEDM) would signify a previously unknown source of CP (or T) violation. New sources of CP violation are believed to be required to explain the baryon asymmetry of the universe. Employing a newly developed high-density UCN source, an experiment at TRIUMF aims to measure the nEDM to the level of 10-27 e . cm in its initial phase. Precession frequency differences for UCN stored in a bottle subject to parallel and anti-parallel E and B fields signify a permanent nEDM. Magnetic field instability and inhomogeneity, as well as field changes resulting from leakage currents (correlated with E fields) are the dominant systematic effects in nEDM measurements. To address this, passive and active magnetic shielding are in development along with a dual species (129Xe and 199Hg) atomic comagnetometer. Simultaneously introducing both atomic species into the UCN cell, the comagnetometer can mitigate false EDMs. 199Hg precession will be detected by Faraday rotation spectroscopy, and 129Xe precession will measured via two-photon excitation and emission. The present comagnetometer progress will be discussed, with focus on polarized 129Xe production and delivery. Work supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.

CP violation in the baryon sector, which is predicted by the Standard Model of Particle Physics, is too small to explain the matter and antimatter asymmetry in our universe. Permanent ElectricDipole Moments (EDMs) violate both P and T symmetries and are therefore, through the CPT theorem, also CP violating. No direct EDM measurements for protons, deuterons and light nuclei have been performed up to now. The JEDI collaboration at Forschungszentrum Juelich (FZJ) and the BNL-EDM collaboration at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) pursue the goal to measure the EDMs of these particles in dedicated storage rings. Therefore different approaches are studied to reach an ultimate sensitivity of 10{sup -29} e.cm. A first direct measurement of the proton and deuteron EDM at a sensitivity level of 10{sup -24} e.cm will be performed in the existing conventional storage ring at FZJ, the Cooler Synchrotron COSY. Particle tracking simulations to explore the motion-correlated spin dynamics are a crucial part of feasibility studies of the planned storage ring EDM experiments. In a first step, a benchmarking of simulation codes with measurements at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY is performed.

Searches for the permanent electricdipole moments (EDMs) of molecules, atoms, nucleons and nuclei provide powerful probes of CP violation both within the Standard Model and beyond the Standard Model (BSM). The interpretation of experimental EDM limits requires careful delineation of physics at a wide range of scales, from the long-range atomic and molecular scales to the short-distance dynamics of physics at or beyond the Fermi scale. In this review, we provide a framework for disentangling contributions from physics at these disparate scales, building out from the set of dimension four and six effective operators that embody CP violation at the Fermi scale. We survey computations of hadronic and nuclear matrix elements associated with Fermi-scale CP violation in systems of experimental interest and quantify the present level of theoretical uncertainty in these calculations. Using representative BSM scenarios of current interest, we discuss ways in which the interplay of physics at various scales can generate EDMs at a potentially observable level.

Starting with the most general form of Maxwell's macroscopic equations in which the free charge and free current densities, rho_free and J_free, as well as the densities of polarization and magnetization, P and M, are arbitrary functions of space and time, we compare and contrast two versions of the Poynting vector, namely, S=ExB/mu_0 and S=ExH. Here E is the electric field, H the magnetic field, B the magnetic induction, and mu_0 the permeability of free space. We argue that the identification of one or the other of these Poynting vectors with the rate of flow of electromagnetic energy is intimately tied to the nature of magnetic dipoles and the way in which these dipoles exchange energy with the electromagnetic field. In addition, the manifest nature of both electric and magnetic dipoles in their interactions with the electromagnetic field has consequences for the Lorentz law of force. If the conventional identification of magnetic dipoles with Amperian current loops is extended beyond Maxwell's macroscopic...

A general theoretical description of a magnetic resonance is presented. This description is necessary for a detailed analysis of spin dynamics in electric-dipole-moment experiments in storage rings. General formulas describing a behavior of all components of the polarization vector at the magnetic resonance are obtained for an arbitrary initial polarization. These formulas are exact on condition that the nonresonance rotating field is neglected. The spin dynamics is also calculated at frequencies far from resonance with allowance for both rotating fields. A general quantum-mechanical analysis of the spin evolution at the magnetic resonance is fulfilled and the full agreement between the classical and quantum-mechanical approaches is shown. Quasimagnetic resonances for particles and nuclei moving in noncontinuous perturbing fields of accelerators and storage rings are considered. Distinguishing features of quasimagnetic resonances in storage ring electric-dipole-moment experiments are investigated in detail. The exact formulas for the effect caused by the electricdipole moment are derived. The difference between the resonance effects conditioned by the rf electric-field flipper and the rf Wien filter is found and is calculated for the first time. The existence of this difference is crucial for the establishment of a consent between analytical derivations and computer simulations and for checking spin tracking programs. The main systematical errors are considered. (orig.)

This dissertation presents the first results of a new technique designed to search for a permanent electricdipole moment (PEDM) in ^{129} Xe. An observed non-zero PEDM in ^ {129}Xe would be direct evidence of time -reversal and parity symmetry violation. Unlike previous experiments which search for a PEDM, this one has used a second atomic species, ^3He, as an in situ magnetometer to reduce the possibility of observing a false PEDM caused by an artifact of the experiment. The measurement described in this work searches for a change in the ^{129}Xe precession frequency when ^{129}Xe spins are allowed to freely precess in an applied magnetic field and are subjected to an applied electric field which is alternately parallel or anti-parallel to the applied magnetic field. The ^3He spins also freely precess in the same test cell; they thus are used to detect any changes in the total magnetic field. The detected ^3He and ^ {129}Xe free precession signals were simultaneously processed by two different detection schemes. The null results of d_{129} = ( -2.51 +/- 11.1) cdot 10^{-26} e-cm and d_{129} = ( -4.81 +/- 11.0) cdot 10^{-26} e-cm were found for a PEDM in ^{129} Xe using the data collected by these two schemes. These values were derived from data collected during 33 hours out of a total of 132 hours of operation of the experiment; 99 hours were spent preparing the ^3He and ^{129}Xe spins. The precision of this measurement was chiefly limited by interactions between the ^3He and ^ {129}Xe atoms. The nature of these interactions is explained and ideas for improving this precision are presented.

Since the demand of metamaterial (MM) based devices for practical applications is increased, the method with input impedance of dipole aims to produce fast results with reasonable accuracy for its design proposed. In this work, the unit of MM is equivalent to a dipole and then MM could be treated as a dipole array. An analysis is performed based on classical microwave dipole and numerical simulation by using the finite-difference time-domain for different MM configurations in the form of dipoles array. Additionally, a quality factor (Q-factor) based analysis is shown to yield simulation results which are in good agreement with the experiment. In essence, this shows that we could use antenna theory and numerical method to analyze MM thus opening the doors for a more efficient parameter optimization method.

The contribution of the R-parity violating supersymmetric model to the fermion electricdipole moment at the two-loop level is analyzed. We show that in general, the Barr-Zee type contribution to the fermion electricdipole moment with the exchange of W and Z bosons is not small compared to the currently known photon exchange one with R-parity violating interactions. We will then give new upper bounds on the imaginary parts of R-parity violating couplings from the experimental data of the electricdipole moments of the electron and of the neutron.

The fulfilled derivation of equation of spin precession of a particle possessing magnetic and electricdipole moments uses a fully covariant approach and explicitly separates contributions from classical electrodynamics and from the Thomas effect. The expression of the final equation in terms of the fields in the instantly accompanying frame presents it in a very simple form. The Lorentz transformations of the magnetic and electricdipole moments and the spin are derived from basic equations of classical electrodynamics, namely, from the equation connecting the angular momentum and the magnetic moment and from the Maxwell equations in matter. An antisymmetric four-tensor is constructed from the electric and magnetic dipole moments.

Full Text Available The analysis of electromagnetic fields caused by alternate or transient electric currents flowing along a cable in sea water has several applications. It supports the interpretation of electromagnetic geophysical data and safety procedures against the threat of sea mines. The approach to the problem employs a magnetic vector potential in the frequency domain due to a pulse source electricdipole, and performs Laplace and Hankel transforms and integration along the cable, to describe the variation of the magnetic induction field due to an electricdipole of finite length. The result is applicable to shallow or deep sea water environments, adaptable to any transmitting current waveform and useful for wave-field separation. The prospects relate to a horizontal receiving coil at the sea bottom and simulate: a minesweeper campaign with a current source at the sea surface or a geophysical survey with a current source close to the sea floor. Therefore, the present analysis may serve: to define parameters in counter-sweeping of submarine mines; to map the conductivity of sediments under shallow waters for the prevention and control of contamination; and as a first approach in the characterization of offshore mineral and oil economic deposits.A análise de campos eletromagnéticos causados por correntes alternadas ou transientes fluindo ao longo de um cabo na água do mar tem várias aplicações. Ela prove suporte à interpretação de dados geofísicos eletromagnéticos e aos procedimentos de segurança contra a ameaça de minas submarinas. A abordagem do problema emprega um potencial vetorial magnético, no domínio da frequência, devido a um dipolo elétrico com uma fonte tipo pulso e calcula transformações de Laplace e de Hankel e integração ao longo do comprimento do cabo, para descrever a variação temporal do campo magnético de indução devido a um dipolo elétrico de comprimento finito. O resultado é aplicável em ambientes de água do

We show that combined permanent and induced electricdipole interactions of linear polar and polarizable molecules with collinear electric fields lead to a sui generis topology of the corresponding Stark energy surfaces and of other observables – such as alignment and orientation cosines – in the plane spanned by the permanent and induced dipole interaction parameters. We find that the loci of the intersections of the surfaces can be traced analytically and that the eigenstates as well as the number of their intersections can be characterized by a single integer index. The value of the index, distinctive for a particular ratio of the interaction parameters, brings out a close kinship with the eigenproperties obtained previously for a class of Stark states via the apparatus of supersymmetric quantum mechanics.

We propose a new concept for determining the interior magnetic field vector components in neutron electricdipole moment experiments. If a closed three-dimensional boundary surface surrounding the fiducial volume of an experiment can be defined such that its interior encloses no currents or sources of magnetization, each of the interior vector field components and the magnetic scalar potential will satisfy a Laplace equation. Therefore, if either the vector field components or the normal derivative of the scalar potential can be measured on the surface of this boundary, thus defining a Dirichlet or Neumann boundary-value problem, respectively, the interior vector field components or the scalar potential (and, thus, the field components via the gradient of the potential) can be uniquely determined via solution of the Laplace equation. We discuss the applicability of this technique to the determination of the interior magnetic field components during the operating phase of neutron electricdipole moment experim...

We experimentally demonstrate a dynamically tunable terahertz (THz) metamaterial absorber based on an electrostatic microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) actuator and electricaldipole resonator array. The absorption of the THz wave is mainly a result of the electricaldipole resonance, which shows a tunable performance on demand. By preforming the finite integral technique, we discovered that the central absorption frequency and the amplitude can be simultaneously tuned by the applied voltage U. Characterized by a white light interferometer and a THz time domain spectroscopy system, our THz absorber is measured to show a modulation of the central frequency and the amplitude to about 10% and 20%, respectively. The experimental results show good agreement with the simulation. This dynamically tunable absorber has potential applications on THz filters, modulators and controllers.

We report a hitherto undiscovered frequency shift for forbidden J = 0-->J = 0 clock transitions excited in atoms confined to an optical lattice. These shifts result from magnetic-dipole and electric-quadrupole transitions, which have a spatial dependence in an optical lattice that differs from that of the stronger electric-dipole transitions. In combination with the residual translational motion of atoms in an optical lattice, this spatial mismatch leads to a frequency shift via differential energy level spacing in the lattice wells for ground state and excited state atoms. We estimate that this effect could lead to fractional frequency shifts as large as 10(-16), which might prevent lattice-based optical clocks from reaching their predicted performance levels. Moreover, these effects could shift the magic wavelength in lattice clocks in three dimensions by as much as 100 MHz, depending on the lattice configuration.

We review current status of the study of parity and time invariance phenomena in atoms, nuclei and molecules. We focus on three most promising areas of research: (i) parity non-conservation in a chain of isotopes, (ii) search for nuclear anapole moments, and (iii) search for permanent electricdipole moments (EDM) of atoms and molecules which are caused by either, electron EDM or nuclear $T,P$-odd moments such as nuclear EDM and nuclear Schiff moment.

A description is presented of apparatus used to carry out an experimental search for an electricdipole moment of the neutron, at the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), Grenoble. The experiment incorporated a cohabiting atomic-mercury magnetometer in order to reduce spurious signals from magnetic field fluctuations. The result has been published in an earlier letter; here, the methods and equipment used are discussed in detail.

Experimental intensity information is combined with numerically obtained vibrational wave functions in a nonlinear least-squares fitting procedure to obtain the ground electronic state electricdipole moment function of carbon monoxide valid in the range of nuclear oscillation (0.87-1.91 A) of about the V = 38th vibrational level. Vibrational transition matrix elements are computed from this function for Delta V = 1, 2, 3 with V not more than 38.

Discuss the motion of the electricdipole in a uniform electric field, obtain the interaction force between the two particles, and get the kinetic equation by Newton's laws of motion. Finally, derive the law of motion of the electricdipole in the uniform electric field, namely : In the direction of axes, the motion of electricdipole is super- position of uniform motion in a straight line and simple harmonic motion, at the moment of couple the trajectory is periodic spiral.%讨论了均匀外电场下电偶极子的运动,给出加了外电场后两离子实之间的相互作用力,并利用牛顿运动定律解出其动力学方程.最终得出外电场下电偶极子的运动规律,即：在轴线方向上,电偶极子的运动为匀速直线运动和简谐振动的叠加;在力偶矩下,电偶极子的运动轨迹为周期性的螺旋线.

The electricdipole moment function of the ground electronic state of carbon monoxide has been determined by combining numerical solutions of the radial Schrodinger equation with absolute intensity data of vibration-rotation bands. The derived dipole moment function is used to calculate matrix elements of interest to stellar astronomy and of importance in the carbon monoxide laser.

There has been much recent interest in directly measuring the electricdipole moments (EDM) of the proton and the electron, because of their possible importance in the present day observed matter/antimatter imbalance in the Universe. Such a measurement will require storing a polarized beam of "frozen spin" particles, 15 MeV electrons or 230 MeV protons, in an all-electric storage ring. Only one such relativistic electric accelerator has ever been built—the 10 MeV "electron analog" ring at Brookhaven National Laboratory in 1954; it can also be referred to as the "AGS analog" ring to make clear it was a prototype for the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) proton ring under construction at that time at BNL. (Its purpose was to investigate nonlinear resonances as well as passage through "transition" with the newly invented alternating gradient proton ring design.) By chance this electron ring, long since dismantled and its engineering drawings disappeared, would have been appropriate both for measuring the electron EDM and to serve as an inexpensive prototype for the arguably more promising, but 10 times more expensive, proton EDM measurement. Today it is cheaper yet to "resurrect" the electron analog ring by simulating its performance computationally. This is one purpose for the present paper. Most existing accelerator simulation codes cannot be used for this purpose because they implicitly assume magnetic bending. The new ual/eteapot code, described in detail in an accompanying paper, has been developed for modeling storage ring performance, including spin evolution, in electric rings. Illustrating its use, comparing its predictions with the old observations, and describing new expectations concerning spin evolution and code performance, are other goals of the paper. To set up some of these calculations has required a kind of "archeological physics" to reconstitute the detailed electron analog lattice design from a 1991 retrospective report by Plotkin as well

Isospin properties of dipole excitations in 74 Ge are investigated using the ({\\alpha},{\\alpha}'{\\gamma}) reaction and compared to ({\\gamma},{\\gamma}) data. The results indicate that the dipole excitations in the energy region of 6 to 9 MeV adhere to the scenario of the recently found splitting of the region of dipole excitations into two separated parts: one at low energy, being populated by both isoscalar and isovector probes, and the other at high energy, excited only by the electromagnetic probe. Relativistic quasiparticle time blocking approximation (RQTBA) calculations show a reduction in the isoscalar E1 strength with an increase in excitation energy, which is consistent with the measurement.

The conventional Wien filter is a device with orthogonal static magnetic and electric fields, often used for velocity separation of charged particles. Here we describe the electromagnetic design calculations for a novel waveguide RF Wien filter that will be employed to solely manipulate the spins of protons or deuterons at frequencies of about 0.1–2 MHz at the COoler SYnchrotron COSY at Jülich. The device will be used in a future experiment that aims at measuring the proton and deuteron electricdipole moments, which are expected to be very small. Their determination, however, would have a huge impact on our understanding of the universe.

ASME Technical Paper ES2010-90396 "Solute Ion Coulomb Force Monopole Motor and Solute Ion Linear Alignment Propulsion" by the author describes a motor that is based on an arrangement of solute ion electric field monopoles.[1] That is, through a process called capacitive deionization, sodium and chlorine ions in salt water are captured and confined by an electrically conductive material to form electric field monopoles. At least four of the like charged monopoles (all negative or all positive) can be arranged on a disc. At least one stationary monopole of the same charge is placed adjacent to the disc and positioned so that a repulsive electric field is formed between the stationary monopole and at least one of the monopoles positioned on the disc so that the disc is then forced to rotate a shaft at the center of the disc. This paper analyzes the behavior of the dielectric materials forming part of the monopoles to show that the net torque on the motor is greater than zero and also illustrates a novel effect of polarization of a dielectric material positioned between two like-charged monopoles as occurs in the configuration of the monopole motor and a deficiency in the conventional closed path analysis for work performed during movement of electric charges that emit electrostatic fields by failing to consider the effects of dielectric materials in shielding the electrostatic fields. The monopole motor connected to an to electrical generator can provide continuous on-board electrical power to electrical loads for local and deep space applications including power to electrode assemblies designed for linear alignment of like-charged solute ions as a means of propulsion and particle acceleration as described in the ES2010-90396 paper. Details of the monopole motor and the propulsion are available in WO 2008/024927 A2 (and US2010/0199632 A1) "Solute Ion Coulomb Force Acceleration and Electric Field Monopole Passive Voltage Source" by the author Ref.[2].

A definitive measurement of an electricdipole moment (EDM) would likely imply new physics beyond the standard model. Although the standard model strong interaction term could theoretically produce an EDM of any size, that it is constrained by the current neutron EDM limit to be some 10 orders of magnitude smaller than 1 suggests that the electroweak sector and CP violation will be the source of a measurable EDM. The weak interaction standard model EDM is itself orders of magnitude smaller than contemporary experiments can measure. Direct measurement of the neutron EDM lies in the next decade; measurement of the proton EDM could well come first. A BNL proposal for an electrostatic storage ring measurement lies in the offing. Unless the EDM proves to be an isoscalar, one will need other measurements to separate the isoscalar, isovector, and isotensor components. Measurement of a nuclear EDM will be required: 2H, 3H, or 3He being the simplest nuclear systems. A storage ring measurement of the triton EDM could be accomplished in a manner analogous to that proposed for the proton. However, the deuteron EDM measurement offers certain advantages, even though the experiment would be more complex, involving electric and magnetic fields, than that required for the proton and triton. The COSY facility in the Forschungszentrum Juelich is almost an ideal facility to house such an experiment; one could also measure in the same ring the EDM for the proton and He. The deuteron is the one nucleus for which exact model calculations can easily be performed. We briefly explore the model dependence of deuteron EDM calculations. Using a separable potential formulation of the Hamiltonian, we examine the sensitivity of the deuteron EDM to variations in the nucleon-nucleon interaction, including contemporary potential models, and we explore the dependence upon intermediate state multiple scattering in the 3P1 channel. We investigate the tensor force contribution to the model results and

We report on the measurement of a Larmor frequency shift proportional to the electric-field strength for $^{199}{\\rm Hg}$ atoms contained in a volume permeated with aligned magnetic and electric fields. This shift arises from the interplay between the inevitable magnetic field gradients and the motional magnetic field. The proportionality to electric-field strength makes it apparently similar to an electricdipole moment (EDM) signal, although unlike an EDM this effect is P- and T-conserving. We have used a neutron magnetic resonance EDM spectrometer, featuring a mercury co-magnetometer and an array of external cesium magnetometers, to measure the shift as a function of the applied magnetic field gradient. Our results are in good agreement with theoretical expectations.

Within the last year, several sensitive searches for monopoles and quarks have been done. Recent experiments at the Tevatron and at the CERN p anti p collider have detected no evidence for free fractional charge. An experiment in a iron refinery, which searched for GUT monopoles trapped in iron ore with two SQUID detectors, found no monopole candidate. However, an experiment looking for monopoles in cosmic rays has measured an interesting event which could be interpreted as a monopole. Several detectors are being built to achieve significant improvements in sensitivity for detection of quarks and monopoles. 21 refs.

The roton excitation in the superfluid He-4 does not possess a stationary dipole moment. However, a roton has an instantaneous dipole moment, such that at any given moment one can find it in the state either with positive or with negative dipole moment projection on its momentum direction. The instantaneous value of electricdipole moment of roton excitation is evaluated. The result is in reasonable agreement with recent experimental observation of the splitting of microwave resonance absorpt...

Understanding the agglomeration of dust particles in complex plasmas requires a knowledge of the basic properties such as the net electrostatic charge and dipole moment of the dust. In this study, dust aggregates are formed from gold coated mono-disperse spherical melamine-formaldehyde monomers in a radio-frequency (rf) argon discharge plasma. The behavior of observed dust aggregates is analyzed both by studying the particle trajectories and by employing computer models examining 3D structures of aggregates and their interactions and rotations as induced by torques arising from their dipole moments. These allow the basic characteristics of the dust aggregates, such as the electrostatic charge and dipole moment, to be determined. It is shown that the experimental results support the predicted values from computer models for aggregates in these environments.

We show the existence of ultra-long-range giant dipole molecules formed by a neutral alkali ground state atom that is bound to the decentered electronic wave function of a giant dipole atom. The adiabatic potential surfaces emerging from the interaction of the ground state atom with the giant dipole electron posses a rich topology depending on the degree of electronic excitation. Binding energies and the vibrational motion in the energetically lowest surfaces are analyzed by means of perturbation theory and exact diagonalization techniques. The resulting molecules are truly giant with internuclear distances up to several $\\mu m$. Finally, we demonstrate the existence of intersection manifolds of excited electronic states that potentially lead to a vibrational decay of the ground state atom dynamics.

This article negative ions. Using erg lts Yo dy di th scusses the interaction energy of the electricdipole that consisted of positive and e method of Taylor expansion, give the electricdipole's approximation potential en Based on the motion rules of free electricdipole, analyze the electricdipole's motion rules and solve namics equation by Newton's laws of motion in the external magnetic field . Finally, conclude the e lectric dipole's motion rules in the external magnetic field, that is to say, the electricdipole respectively does circular motion in radial of the eternal magnetic field, and does the simple harmonic oscillattion in tangential, whose overall trajectory is irregular spiral movement%利用泰勒展开取近似的方法，给出电偶极子的近似势能，并在自由电偶极子运动规律的基础上，讨论并得出了外磁场下电偶极子的运动规律：外磁场下电偶极子在径向做圆周运动，在切向做简谐振动，整体轨迹为不规则的螺旋式运动．

Magnetic monopoles can be used to explain the quantization of electric charge, and are predicted by gauge field theory. If monopoles exist, they could have been produced by the proton-antiproton collisions at the Tevatron collider—the highest energy accelerator existing in the world, and trapped in the CDF and DØ detectors. We took Al, Be, and Pb samples from the Tevatron and used the induction technique with SQUIDs (Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices) to detect monopoles in the samples. We did not find monopoles, but we have set new limits for the monopole mass and the relavant cross section based on a Drell-Yan model and Monte Carlo calculation.

We determine the asymptotic dynamics of the U(N) doubly periodic BPS monopole in Yang-Mills-Higgs theory, called a monopole wall, by exploring its Higgs curve using the Newton polytope and amoeba. In particular, we show that the monopole wall splits into subwalls when any of its moduli become large. The long-distance gauge and Higgs field interactions of these subwalls are abelian, allowing us to derive an asymptotic metric for the monopole wall moduli space.

How large is the 48Ca nucleus? While the electric charge distribution of this nucleus was accurately measured decades ago, both experimental and ab initio descriptions of the neutron distribution are deficient. We address this question using ab initio calculations of the electric charge, neutron, and weak distributions of 48Ca based on chiral effective field theory. Historically, chiral effective field theory calculations of systems larger than 4 nucleons have been plagued by strong systematic errors which result in theoretical descriptions that are too dense and over bound. We address these errors using a novel approach that permits us to accurately reproduce binding energy and charge radius of 48Ca, and to constrain electroweak observables such as the neutron radius, electricdipole polarizability, and the weak form factor. For a full list of contributors to this work, please see ``Neutron and weak-charge distributions of the 48Ca nucleus,'' Nature Physics (2015) doi:10.1038/nphys3529.

Geometric-phase-induced false electricdipole moment (EDM) signals, resulting from interference between magnetic field gradients and particle motion in electric fields, have been studied extensively in the literature, especially for neutron EDM experiments utilizing stored ultracold neutrons and co-magnetometer atoms. Previous studies have considered particle motion in the transverse plane perpendicular to the direction of the applied electric and magnetic fields. We show, via Monte Carlo studies, that motion along the field direction can impact the magnitude of this false EDM signal if the wall surfaces are rough such that the wall collisions can be modeled as diffuse, with the results dependent on the size of the storage cell's dimension along the field direction.

The LHC MoEDAL experiment publishes its first paper on its search for magnetic monopoles Geneva XXXX. In a paper published by the journal JHEP today, the MoEDAL experiment at CERN narrows the window of where to search for a hypothetical particle, the magnetic monopole. Over the last decades, experiments have been trying to find evidence for magnetic monopoles at accelerators, including at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider. Such particles were first predicted by physicist Paul Dirac in the 1930s but have never been observed so far. “Today MoEDAL celebrates the release of its first physics result and joins the other LHC experiments at the discovery frontier," says Spokesperson of the MoEDAL experiment, James Pinfold. Just as electricity comes with two charges, positive and negative, so magnetism comes with two poles, North and South. The difference is that while it’s easy to isolate a positive or negative electric charge, nobody has ever seen a solitary magnetic charge, or monopole. If you

The perturbed relativistic coupled-cluster (PRCC) theory is applied to calculate the electricdipole polarizabilities of alkaline Earth metal atoms. The Dirac-Coulomb-Breit atomic Hamiltonian is used and we include the triple excitations in the relativistic coupled-cluster (RCC) theory. The theoretical issues related to the triple excitation cluster operators are described in detail and we also provide details on the computational implementation. The PRCC theory results are in good agreement with the experimental and previous theoretical results. We, then, highlight the importance of considering the Breit interaction for alkaline Earth metal atoms.

One of the greatest successes of the Standard Model of particle physics is the explanation of time-reversal violation (TRV) in heavy mesons. It also implies that TRV is immeasurably small in normal nuclear matter. However, unifying models beyond the Standard Model predict TRV to be within reach of measurement in nuclei and atoms, thus opening an important window to search for new physics. We will discuss two complementary experiments sensitive to TRV: Correlations in the -decay of 21Na and the search for an electricdipole moment (EDM) in radium.

We are developing an experiment to search for the permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) of the electron using the valence electrons in the X^3Δ_1 ground state of Tungsten Carbide (WC) molecules. Currently, we are detecting the molecules by Laser Induced Fluorescence spectroscopy at ˜75cm downstream of a pulsed ablation beam source. We have a detection rate of ˜10 182W12C molecules/second in X^3Δ_1, v"=0, J"=1 state with geometric detection efficiency of 0.004. A continuous WC molecular beam is under development. Additionally, preliminary measurements of the 183W12C hyperfine structure will be presented.

@@ We propose a scheme to search for the electricaldipole moments (EDMs) and chromodipole moments (CDMs) of a charm quark in the decay J/ψ→γφφ based on J/ψ data samples accumulated on the Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC). The EDM and CDM interactions are introduced in this decay and then we relate them to some CP asymmetrical observables, which are predicted in the valence quark model We propose a method to hunt for these values by measuring associated CP asymmetrical observables, and we also discuss the prospect of such measurement on the BEPC.

We have built a high precision (24-bit) data acquisition (DAQ) system capable of simultaneously sampling eight input channels for the measurement of the electricdipole moment of the electron. The DAQ system consists of two main components: a master board for DAQ control and eight individual analog-to-digital converter (ADC) boards for signal processing. This custom DAQ system provides galvanic isolation of the ADC boards from each other and the master board using fiber optic communication to reduce the possibility of ground loop pickup and attain ultimate low levels of channel cross-talk. In this paper, we describe the implementation of the DAQ system and scrutinize its performance.

We have built a high precision (24-bit) data acquisition (DAQ) system capable of simultaneously sampling eight input channels for the measurement of the electricdipole moment of the electron. The DAQ system consists of two main components: a master board for DAQ control and eight individual analog-to-digital converter (ADC) boards for signal processing. This custom DAQ system provides galvanic isolation of the ADC boards from each other and the master board using fiber optic communication to reduce the possibility of ground loop pickup and attain ultimate low levels of channel cross-talk. In this paper, we describe the implementation of the DAQ system and scrutinize its performance.

This experiment is proposed to investigate the possible production of magnetic monopoles at the ISR. Very different values are in principle possible for the magnetic charge of such objects, and the present experiment intends to cover a range of magnetic charges from g, to 12 g, where g is the classical minimum charge of the Dirac theory, .ce g = 1/2e The detector consists of three double layers of solid track detector, which are only sensitive to highly ionizing particles, such as monopoles should be. The detector is placed directly in the vacuum chamber, to avoid the large energy losses that a monopole would suffer in a solid wall. A solenoidal magnet is placed between the intersection region and the detector and around the detector itself, in order to accelerate monopoles to an energy such that they are able to traverse the successive sensitive layers of the detector. The thickness of the sensitive layers is chosen to avoid confusion with possible background arising from highly ionizing ions. The experiment...

Static solutions in spherical symmetry are found for gravitating global monopoles. Regular solutions lacking a horizon are found for $\\eta \\sqrt{3/8\\pi} \\approx 0.3455$ is consistent with findings that topological inflation begins at $\\eta \\approx 0.33$.

Electricdipole moments (EDMs) break parity (P) and time-reversal (T) symmetry and thus, by the CPT theorem, CP-symmetry. Once measured, they will be unambiguous signs of new physics since CP violation from the complex phase of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix in the Standard Model predicts EDMs that are experimentally inaccessible in the foreseeable future. The θ-term of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and extensions of the Standard Model such as supersymmetry and multi-Higgs scenarios comprise P- and T-violating interactions which are capable of inducing significantly larger EDMs. The extensions of the Standard Model give rise to a set of effective non-renormalizable operators of canonical dimension six at energies Λ{sub had} >or similar 1 GeV when the heavy degrees of freedom are integrated out. The effective dimension-six operators are known as the quark EDM, the quark-chromo EDM, four-quark left-right operator, the gluon-chromo EDM and the four-quark operator. Starting from the QCD θ-term and this set of P- and T-violating effective dimension-six operators, we present a scheme to derive the induced effective Lagrangians at energies below Λ{sub QCD} ∝ 200 MeV within the framework of Chiral Perturbation Theory (ChPT) for two quark flavors in the formulation of Gasser and Leutwyler. The differences among the sources of P and T violation manifest themselves at energies below Λ{sub QCD} in specific hierarchies of coupling constants of P- and T-violating vertices. We compute the relevant coupling constants of P- and T-violating hadronic vertices which are induced by the QCD θ-term with well-defined uncertainties as functions of the parameter anti θ. The relevant coupling constants induced by the effective dimension-six operators are given as functions of yet unknown Low Energy Constants (LECs) which can not be determined within the framework of ChPT itself. Since the required supplementary input from e.g. Lattice QCD is not yet available, we present Naive

We derive a line integral representation of the physical optics (PO) scattered far field that yields the exact same result as the conventional surface radiation integral. This representation applies to a perfectly electrically conducting plane scatterer illuminated by electric or magnetic Hertzian...... dipoles....

Single nanoparticle studies of charge trapping and de-trapping in core/shell CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals incorporated into an insulating matrix and subjected to an external electric field demonstrate the ability to reversibly modulate the exciton dynamics and photoluminescence blinking while providing indirect evidence for the existence of a permanent ground state dipole moment in such nanocrystals. A model assuming the presence of energetically deep charge traps physically aligned along the direction of the permanent dipole is proposed in order to explain the dynamics of nanocrystal blinking in the presence of a permanent dipole moment.

GENEVA UNIVERSITY ECOLE DE PHYSIQUE Département de physique nucléaire et corspusculaire 24, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 1211 GENEVE 4 ? Tél : 022 379 62 73 - Fax: 022 379 69 92 Wednesday 16th May 2007 PARTICLE PHYSICS SEMINAR at 17:00 - Stückelberg Auditorium Proposal to measure the muon electricdipole moment with a compact storage ring at PSI by Dr. Thomas Schietinger, PSI - Villigen In the Standard Model, lepton electricdipole moments (EDM) arise from the CP-violating phase in the CKM matrix at the three-loop level only, resulting in values that are many orders of magnitude below the sensitivity of current and future experiments. Lepton EDMs therefore offer an excellent opportunity to discover unambiguous evidence for new CP-violating phases, as called for by the baryon-antibaryon asymmetry of the universe. The muon EDM is one of the least constrained fundamental properties in elementary particle physics. We propose to utilize the large available flux of polarized muons at PSI to search for a muon EDM ...

It has long been conjectured that isotropic radiation by a simple coherent source is impossible due to changes in polarization. Though hypothetical, the isotropic source is usually taken as the reference for determining a radiator’s gain and directivity. Here, we demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally that an isotropic radiator can be made of a simple and finite source surrounded by electric-field-driven LC resonator metamaterials designed by space manipulation. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we show the first isotropic source with omnidirectional radiation from a dipole source (applicable to all distributed sources), which can open up several possibilities in axion electrodynamics, optical illusion, novel transformation-optic devices, wireless communication, and antenna engineering. Owing to the electric- field-driven LC resonator realization scheme, this principle can be readily applied to higher frequency regimes where magnetism is usually not present.

We transform static solutions of space-noncommutative Dirac-Born-Infeld theory (DBI) into static solutions of space-time noncommutative DBI. Via Seiberg-Witten map we match this symmetry transformation with a corresponding symmetry of commutative DBI. This allows to: 1) study new BPS type magnetic monopoles, with constant electric and magnetic background and describe them both in the commutative and in the noncommutative setting; 2) relate by S-duality space-noncommutative magnetic monopoles ...

We show that femtosecond laser pulse excitation of the orthoferrite ErFeO3 triggers pico- and subpicosecond dynamics of magnetic and electricdipoles associated with the low energy electronic states of the Er3 + ions. These dynamics are readily revealed by using polarization sensitive terahertz emission spectroscopy. It is shown that by changing the polarization of the femtosecond laser pulse one can excite either electricdipole-active or magnetic dipole-active transitions between the Kramers doublets of the 15/2I4 ground state of the Er3 + (4 f11 ) ions. These observations serve as a proof of principle of polarization-selective control of both electric and magnetic degrees of freedom at terahertz frequencies, opening up new vistas for optical manipulation of magnetoelectric materials.

A time-harmonic equivalent current dipole model is proposed to simulate EEG source which deals with the problem concerning the capacitance effect. The expressions of potentials in both homogeneous infinite dielectric medium and dielectric sphere on the electroquasistatic condition are presented. The potential in a 3-layer inhomogeneous spherical head is computed by using this model. The influences on potential produced by time-harmonic character and permittivity are discussed. The results show that potentials in dielectric sphere are affected by frequency and permittivity.

A theoretical study devoted to suppression of magnetic systematic effects in HfF+ cation for an experiment to search for the electron electricdipole moment is reported. The g factors for J =1 , F =3 /2 , | MF|=3 /2 hyperfine levels of the Δ31 state are calculated as functions of the external electric field. The minimal value for the difference between the g factors of Ω -doublet levels, Δ g =3 ×10-6 , is attained at the electric field 7 V/cm. The body-fixed g factor, G∥, was obtained both within the ab initio electronic structure calculations and with our fit of the experimental data [H. Loh, K. C. Cossel, M. C. Grau, K.-K. Ni, E. R. Meyer, J. L. Bohn, J. Ye, and E. A. Cornell, Science 342, 1220 (2013), 10.1126/science.1243683]. For the electronic structure calculations we used a combined scheme to perform correlation calculations of HfF+, which includes both the direct four-component all-electron and generalized relativistic effective core potential approaches. The electron correlation effects were treated using the coupled cluster methods. The calculated value G∥=0.0115 agrees very well with the G∥=0.0118 obtained with our fitting procedure. The calculated ab initio value D∥=-1.53 a.u. for the molecule-frame dipole moment (with the origin in the center of mass) is in agreement with the experimental datum D∥=-1.54 (1 ) a.u. [H. Loh, Ph.D. thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006.].

The cross sections and spin asymmetries for the excitation of 1{sup -} states in {sup 208}Pb by transversely polarized electrons with collision energy of 30-180MeV have been examined within the DWBA scattering formalism. As examples, we have considered a low-lying 1{sup -} state and also states belonging to the pygmy dipole and giant dipole resonances. The structure of these states and their corresponding transition charge and current densities have been taken from an RPA calculation within the quasiparticle phonon model. The complex-plane rotation method has been applied to achieve the convergence of the radial DWBA integrals for backward scattering. We have studied the behaviour of the cross sections and spin asymmetries as a function of electron energy and scattering angle. The role of the longitudinal and transversal contributions to the excitation has been thoroughly studied. We conclude that the spin asymmetry S, related to unpolarized outgoing electrons, is mostly well below 1% even at the backward scattering angles and its measurement provides a challenge for future experiments with polarized electrons. (orig.)

Recently we have reported on the existence of finite energy SU(2) Yang–Mills–Higgs particle of one-half topological charge. In this paper, we show that this one-half monopole can co-exist with a ’t Hooft–Polyakov monopole. The magnetic charge of the one-half monopole is of opposite sign to the magnetic charge of the ’t Hooft–Polyakov monopole. However the net magnetic charge of the configuration is zero due to the presence of a semi-infinite Dirac string along the positive z-axis that carries the other half of the magnetic monopole charge. The solution possesses gauge potentials that are singular along the z-axis, elsewhere they are regular. The total energy is found to increase with the strength of the Higgs field self-coupling constant λ. However the dipole separation and the magnetic dipole moment decrease with λ. This solution is non-BPS even in the BPS limit when the Higgs self-coupling constant vanishes. -- Highlights: •This one-half monopole can co-exist with a ’t Hooft–Polyakov monopole. •The magnetic charge of the one-half monopole and one monopole is of opposite sign. •This solution is non-BPS. •The net magnetic charge of the configuration is zero. •This solution upon Cho decomposition is only singular along the negative z-axis.

We analyse the gravitational field of a global monopole within the context of low-energy string gravity, allowing for an arbitrary coupling of the monopole fields to the dilaton. Both massive and massless dilatons are considered. We find that, for a massless dilaton, the spacetime is generically singular, whereas when the dilaton is massive, the monopole generically induces a long-range dilaton cloud. We compare and contrast these results with the literature.

We analyse the gravitational field of a global monopole within the context of low energy string gravity, allowing for an arbitrary coupling of the monopole fields to the dilaton. Both massive and massless dilatons are considered. We find that, for a massless dilaton, the spacetime is generically singular, whereas when the dilaton is massive, the monopole generically induces a long range dilaton cloud. We compare and contrast these results with the literature.

The search for particle electricdipole moments (EDM’s) is one of the best places to look for physics beyond the standard model of electroweak interaction because the size of time reversal violation predicted by the standard model is incompatible with present ideas concerning the creation of the baryon-antibaryon asymmetry. As the sensitivity of these EDM searches increases more subtle systematic effects become important. We develop a general analytical approach to describe a systematic effect recently observed in an electricdipole moment experiment using stored particles [J. M. Pendlebury , Phys. Rev. A 70, 032102 (2004)]. Our approach is based on the relationship between the systematic frequency shift and the velocity autocorrelation function of the resonating particles. Our results, when applied to well-known limiting forms of the correlation function, are in good agreement with both the limiting cases studied in recent work that employed a numerical and heuristic analysis. Our general approach explains some of the surprising results observed in that work and displays the rich behavior of the shift for intermediate frequencies, which has not been studied previously.

A solitary, uncorroborated Stanford candidate event is the only evidence that magnetic monpoles derives from Dirac's assertion that monopoles could explain charge quantization and the 't Hooft-Polyakov demonstration that monopoles are an inevitable consequence of many gauge theories currently being used to unify the electroweak (photon-lepton) and nuclear (quark) interactions. The monopole abundance implied by the Stanford event is in clear contradiction to bounds on their number from astronomical data. Fortunately, the already considerable and expanding arsenal of detection techniques are being fashioned to experimentally test the many open questions surrounding monopoles.

Collective low-frequency molecular motions have large impact on chemical reactions and structural relaxation in liquids. So far, these modes have mostly been accessed indirectly by off-resonant optical pulses. Here, we provide evidence that intense terahertz (THz) pulses can resonantly excite reorientational-librational modes of aprotic and strongly polar liquids through coupling to the permanent molecular dipole moments. We observe a significantly enhanced response because the transient optical birefringence is up to an order of magnitude higher than obtained with optical excitation. Frequency-dependent measurements and a simple analytical model indicate that the enhancement arises from resonantly driven librations and their coupling to reorientational motion, assisted by the pump field and/or a cage translational mode. Our results open up the path to applications such as efficient molecular alignment, enhanced transient Kerr signals and systematic resonant nonlinear THz spectroscopy of the coupling between intermolecular modes in liquids.

Microscopic understanding of low-frequency molecular motions in liquids has been a longstanding goal in soft-matter science. So far, such low-frequency motions have mostly been accessed indirectly by off-resonant optical pulses. A more direct approach would be to interrogate the dynamic structure of liquids with terahertz (THz) radiation. Here, we provide evidence that resonant excitation with intense THz pulses is capable of driving reorientational-librational modes of aprotic polar liquids through coupling to the permanent molecular dipole moments. We observe a hallmark of this enhanced coupling: a transient optical birefringence up to an order of magnitude higher than obtained with optical excitation. Our results open up the path to applications such as efficient molecular alignment and systematic study of the coupling of rotational motion to other collective motions in liquids.

The present work investigates the optical properties of active coated spherical nano-particles excited by an arbitrarily located electric Hertzian dipole. The nano-particles are made of specific dielectric and plasmonic materials. The spatial near-field distribution as well as the normalized...... radiation resistance is examined. Both enhanced as well as reduced radiation effects are demonstrated. In particular, it is shown that specific active coated nano-particles can be designed to be resonant, leading to much larger values of the normalized radiation resistance than is the case...... with the corresponding passive coated nano-particles, thereby overcoming the intrinsic losses present in the plasmonic materials. Moreover, it is shown that other active coated nano-particle designs can significantly reduce the normalized radiation resistance; thus both the resonant as well as non...

We have built a high precision (24-bit) data acquisition (DAQ) system with eight simultaneously sampling input channels for the measurement of the electricdipole moment (EDM) of the electron. The DAQ system consists of two main components, a master board and eight individual analog-to-digital converter (ADC) boards. This custom DAQ system provides galvanic isolation, with fiber optic communication, between the master board and each ADC board to reduce the possibility of ground loop pickups. In addition, each ADC board is enclosed in its own heavy-duty radio frequency shielding enclosure and powered by DC batteries, to attain the ultimate low levels of channel cross-talk. In this paper, we describe the implementation of the DAQ system and scrutinize its performance.

We report a new method to create high purity longitudinally polarized field with extremely long depth of focus in the focal volume of a high numerical aperture (NA) objective lens. Through reversing the radiated field from an electricdipole array situated near the focus of the high-NA lens, the required incident field distribution in the pupil plane for the creation of an ultra-long optical needle field can be found. Numerical examples demonstrate that an optical needle field with a depth of focus up to 8λ is obtainable. Throughout the depth of focus, this engineered focal field maintains a diffraction limited transverse spot size (<0.43λ) with high longitudinal polarization purity. From the calculated pupil plane distribution, a simplified discrete complex pupil filter can be designed and significant improvements over the previously reported complex filters are clearly demonstrated.

We present a lattice calculation of the neutron and proton electricdipole moments (EDM's) with $N_f=2+1$ flavors of domain-wall fermions. The neutron and proton EDM form factors are extracted from three-point functions at the next-to-leading order in the $\\theta$ vacuum of QCD. In this computation, we use pion masses 0.33 and 0.42 GeV and 2.7 fm$^3$ lattices with Iwasaki gauge action and a 0.17 GeV pion and 4.6 fm$^3$ lattice with I-DSDR gauge action, all generated by the RBC and UKQCD collaborations. The all-mode-averaging technique enables an efficient and high statistics calculation. Chiral behavior of lattice EDM's is discussed in the context of baryon chiral perturbation theory. In addition, we also show numerical evidence on relationship of three- and two-point correlation function with local topological distribution.

We calculate the electricdipole moment (EDM) of the deuteron in the standard model with $|\\Delta S| =1$ interactions by taking into account the $NN - \\Lambda N - \\Sigma N$ channel coupling. The two-body problem is solved with the Gaussian Expansion Method using the realistic Argonne $v18$ nuclear force and the $YN$ potential which can reproduce the binding energies of $^3_\\Lambda$H, $^3_\\Lambda$He, and $^4_\\Lambda$He. The $|\\Delta S| =1$ interbaryon potential is modeled by the one-meson exchange process. It is found that the deuteron EDM is modified by less than 10\\%, and the main contribution to this deviation is due to the polarization of the hyperon-nucleon channels. The effect of the $YN$ interaction is small, and treating $ \\Lambda N$ and $ \\Sigma N$ channels as free is a good approximation for the EDM of the deuteron.

深空核爆炸通过电偶极子和磁偶极子两种辐射机制产生电磁脉冲.本文具体分析了两种辐射模型产生电磁脉冲的物理机制,并估算了远处观察点的辐射电场.计算表明,电子以高斯波形出射时,百吨TNT当量爆炸在km量级范围内产生的电偶极子和磁偶极子辐射电场强度分别为kV/m和10 V/m量级.深空中地磁感应强度较弱,电子的角向运动相比初始方向运动是小量,因而磁偶极子的辐射强度远小于电偶极子的.%Electromagnetic pulse can be generated by the nuclear detonation in space via two radiation mechanisms.The electricdipole and magnetic dipole models were analyzed.The electric radiation in the far field generated by two models was calculated as well.Investigations show that in the case of one hundred TNT yield detonations,when electrons are emitted according to the Gaussian shape,two radiation models can give rise to the electric field in great distances with amplitudes of kV/m and tens of V/m,independently.Because the geomagnetic field in space is not strong and the electrons' angular motion is much weaker than the motion in the original direction,radiations from the magnetic dipole model are much weaker than those from the electricdipole model.

Quantum mechanics thinks that all atoms do not have permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) because of their spherical symmetry. Therefore, there is no polar atom in nature except for polar molecules. The electric susceptibility Xe caused by the orientation of polar substances is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature T while the induced susceptibility of atoms is temperature independent. Using special capacitors our experiments discovered that directional motion of Rb atoms in a non-uniform electric field and ground state Rb atom is polar atom with a large EDM: d(Rb) =2.72*10-29C.m = 1.70*10-8e.cm. The experiment showed that the relationship between Xe of Rb vapor and T is just Xe =B/T, where the slope B =380(k) as polar molecules. Its capacitance C at different voltage V was measured. The C-V curve shows that the saturation polarization of Rb vapor has be observed when E more than 8.5*104V/m. New example of CP (charge conjugation and parity) violation occurred in Rb atoms (see arXiv 0809.4767). I...

The interaction between point charge and magnetic dipole is usually considered only for the case of a rigid ferromagnetic dipole (constant-current): here the analysis of force, momentum and energy (including the energy provided by the internal current generator) is generalised to any magnetic dipole behaviour: rigid, paramagnetic, diamagnetic or superconducting (perfectly diamagnetic).

Small-angle polarized proton scattering including 0° off 208Pb has been studied at the RCNP cyclotron with high energy resolution of the order of 25 keV (FWHM). The complete E1 strength distribution from 5 to 20 MeV could be extracted from the data and is found to agree well with available data. New E1 strength is found in the energy region above threshold inacessible in previous experiments. The total E1 polarizability as well as the properties of the pygmy dipole resonance could be determined with high precision providing important experimental constraints on the neutron skin thickness in 208Pb and the symmetry energy of neutron-rich matter. Additionally, information on the spin-M1 strength in 208Pb was obtained. Assuming dominance of the central spin-isospinflip part of the effective proton-nucleus interaction, the B(M1) transition strength can be derived. It corresponds well with data from electromagnetic probes indicating that the reaction can provide information on the poorly known spin-M1 resonance in heavy nuclei.

The motion of the solar system with respect to the cosmic rest frame modulates the monopole of the Epoch of Reionization 21-cm signal into a dipole. This dipole has a characteristic frequency dependence that is dominated by the frequency derivative of the monopole signal. We argue that although the signal is weaker by a factor of $\\sim200$, there are significant benefits in measuring the dipole. Most importantly, the direction of the cosmic velocity vector is known exquisitely well from the cosmic microwave background and is not aligned with the galaxy velocity vector that modulates the foreground monopole. Moreover, an experiment designed to measure a dipole can rely on differencing patches of the sky rather than making an absolute signal measurement, which helps with some systematic effects.

We show the existence of Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) magnetic monopoles in a generalized Yang-Mills-Higgs model which is controlled by two positive functions. This effective model, in principle, would describe the dynamics of the nonabelian fields in a chromoelectric media. We check the consistency of our generalized construction by analyzing an explicit case ruled by a real parameter. We also use the well-known spherically symmetric Ansatz to attain the corresponding self-dual equations describing the topological solutions. The overall conclusion is that the new solutions behave around the canonical one, with smaller or greater characteristic length.

偶极子间距会对电法检测填埋场漏洞的灵敏度和准确度产生影响.基于电法检测填埋场渗漏的原理,对偶极子间距的影响进行了分析及实验验证.理论及实验结果表明:偶极子间距越大,漏洞检测的灵敏度越高,但定位准确度同时降低且易造成漏检；偶极子间距越小,漏洞定位的准确度越高,但检测灵敏度降低.工程实践中,偶极子间距通常确定为1 m.%The dipole spacing could affect the detection sensitivity and accuracy in the electrical landfill leakage detection. Based on the principle of electrical method, the influence of dipole spacing was analyzed and validated by experiment. The theoretical and experimental results show that: (1) the greater the dipole spacing is, the higher the detection sensitivity is, but the locating accuracy lower and some leaks will easily be undetected; (2) the smaller the dipole spacing is, the higher the leak locating accuracy is, but the detection sensitivity lower. In engineering practice, the dipole spacing usually is determined as 1 m.

We present methodology for variational calculation of the 6 n -dimensional translation-rotation (TR) eigenstates of assemblies of n H2O@C60 moieties coupled by dipole-dipole interactions. We show that the TR Hamiltonian matrix for any n can be constructed from dipole-dipole matrix elements computed for n = 2 . We present results for linear H2O@C60 assemblies. Two classes of eigenstates are revealed. One class comprises excitations of the 111 rotational level of H2O. The lowest-energy 111 -derived eigenstate for each assembly exhibits significant dipole ordering and shifts down in energy with the assembly size.

The magnetic monopole appears in theories of spontaneous ga uge symmetry breaking and its existence would explain the quantisation of electric charg e. MoEDAL is the latest approved LHC experiment, designed to search directly for monopoles. It h as now taken data for the first time. The MoEDAL detectors are based on two complementary techniq ues: nuclear-track detectors are sensitive to the high-ionisation signature expected fr om a monopole, and the new magnetic monopole trapper (MMT) relies on the stopping and trapping o f monopoles inside an aluminium array which is then analysed with a superconducting magneto meter. Preliminary results obtained with a subset of the MoEDAL MMT test array deployed in 2012 are presented, where monopoles with charge above the fundamental unit magnetic charge or ma ss above 1.5 TeV are probed for the first time at the LHC

The dynamics of n slowly moving fundamental monopoles in the SU(n+1) BPS Yang-Mills-Higgs theory can be approximated by geodesic motion on the 4n-dimensional hyperkahler Lee-Weinberg-Yi manifold. In this paper we apply a variational method to construct some scaling geodesics on this manifold. These geodesics describe the scattering of n monopoles which lie on the vertices of a bouncing polyhedron; the polyhedron contracts from infinity to a point, representing the spherically symmetric n-monopole, and then expands back out to infinity. For different monopole masses the solutions generalize to form bouncing nested polyhedra. The relevance of these results to the dynamics of well separated SU(2) monopoles is also discussed.

We report on variational solutions to the twelve-dimensional (12D) Schrödinger equation appertaining to the translation-rotation (TR) eigenstates of H2O@C60 dimer, associated with the quantized "rattling" motions of the two encapsulated H2O molecules. Both H2O and C60 moieties are treated as rigid and the cage-cage geometry is taken to be fixed. We consider the TR eigenstates of H2O@C60 monomers in the dimer to be coupled by the electricdipole-dipole interaction between water moieties and develop expressions for computing the matrix elements of that interaction in a dimer basis composed of products of monomer 6D TR eigenstates reported by us recently [P. M. Felker and Z. Bačić, J. Chem. Phys. 144, 201101 (2016)]. We use these expressions to compute TR Hamiltonian matrices of H2O@C60 dimer for two values of the water dipole moment and for various dimer geometries. 12D TR eigenstates of the dimer are then obtained by filter diagonalization. The results reveal two classes of eigenstates, distinguished by the leading order (first or second) at which dipole-dipole coupling contributes to them. The two types of eigenstates differ in the general magnitude of their dipole-induced energy shifts and in the dependence of those shifts on the value of the water dipole moment and on the distance between the H2O@C60 monomers. The dimer results are also found to be markedly insensitive to any change in the orientations of the C60 cages. Finally, the results lend some support for the interpretation that electricdipole-dipole coupling is at least partially responsible for the apparent reduced-symmetry environment experienced by H2O in the powder samples of H2O@C60 [K. S. K. Goh et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, 21330 (2014)], but only if the water dipole is taken to have a magnitude close to that of free water. The methodology developed in the paper is transferable directly to the calculation of TR eigenstates of larger H2O@C60 assemblies, that will be required for more

A precise theoretical study of the electronic structure of heavy atom diatomic molecules is of key importance to interpret the experiments in the search for violation of time-reversal (T) and spatial-parity (P) symmetries of fundamental interactions in terms of the electron electricdipole moment, eEDM, and dimensionless constant, kT,P, characterizing the strength of the T,P-odd pseudoscalar-scalar electron-nucleus neutral current interaction. The ACME collaboration has recently improved limits on these quantities using a beam of ThO molecules in the electronic H3Δ1 state [J. Baron et al., Science 343, 269 (2014)]. We apply the combined direct relativistic 4-component and two-step relativistic pseudopotential/restoration approaches to a benchmark calculation of the effective electric field, Eeff, parameter of the T,P-odd pseudoscalar-scalar interaction, WT,P, and hyperfine structure constant in Δ31 state of the ThO molecule. The first two parameters are required to interpret the experimental data in terms of the eEDM and kT,P constant. We have investigated the electron correlation for all of the 98 electrons of ThO simultaneously up to the level of the coupled cluster with single, double, and noniterative triple amplitudes, CCSD(T), theory. Contributions from iterative triple and noniterative quadruple cluster amplitudes for the valence electrons have been also treated. The obtained values are Eeff = 79.9 GV/cm, WT,P = 113.1 kHz. The theoretical uncertainty of these values is estimated to be about two times smaller than that of our previous study [L. V. Skripnikov and A. V. Titov, J. Chem. Phys., 142, 024301 (2015)]. It was found that the correlation of the inner- and outer-core electrons contributes 9% to the effective electric field. The values of the molecule frame dipole moment of the Δ31 state and the H3Δ1 →X1Σ+ transition energy of ThO calculated within the same methods are in a very good agreement with the experiment.

Various extensions of the Standard Model motivate the existence of stable magnetic monopoles that could have been created during an early high-energy epoch of the Universe. These primordial magnetic monopoles would be gradually accelerated by cosmic magnetic fields and could reach high velocities that make them visible in Cherenkov detectors such as IceCube. Equivalently to electrically charged particles, magnetic monopoles produce direct and indirect Cherenkov light while traversing through matter at relativistic velocities. This paper describes searches for relativistic (v ≥ 0.76 c) and mildly relativistic (v ≥ 0.51 c) monopoles, each using one year of data taken in 2008/2009 and 2011/2012, respectively. No monopole candidate was detected. For a velocity above 0.51 c the monopole flux is constrained down to a level of 1.55 x 10{sup -18} cm{sup -2} s{sup -1} sr{sup -1}. This is an improvement of almost two orders of magnitude over previous limits. (orig.)

Various extensions of the Standard Model motivate the existence of stable magnetic monopoles that could have been created during an early high-energy epoch of the Universe. These primordial magnetic monopoles would be gradually accelerated by cosmic magnetic fields and could reach high velocities that make them visible in Cherenkov detectors such as IceCube. Equivalently to electrically charged particles, magnetic monopoles produce direct and indirect Cherenkov light while traversing through matter at relativistic velocities. This paper describes searches for relativistic (vge 0.76c) and mildly relativistic (vge 0.51c) monopoles, each using one year of data taken in 2008/2009 and 2011/2012, respectively. No monopole candidate was detected. For a velocity above 0.51 c the monopole flux is constrained down to a level of 1.55 × 10^{-18} text {cm}^{-2} text {s}^{-1} text {sr}^{-1}. This is an improvement of almost two orders of magnitude over previous limits.

Low-lying electric-dipole (E 1 ) strength of a neutron-rich nucleus contains information on neutron-skin thickness, deformation, and shell evolution. We discuss the possibility of making use of total reaction cross sections on 40Ca, 120Sn, and 208Pb targets to probe the E 1 strength of neutron-rich Ca, Ni, and Sn isotopes. They exhibit large enhancement of the E 1 strength at neutron number N >28 , 50, and 82, respectively, due to a change of the single-particle orbits near the Fermi surface participating in the transitions. The density distributions and the electric-multipole strength functions of those isotopes are calculated by the Hartree-Fock+BCS and the canonical-basis-time-dependent-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov methods, respectively, using three kinds of Skyrme-type effective interaction. The nuclear and Coulomb breakup processes are respectively described with the Glauber model and the equivalent photon method in which the effect of finite-charge distribution is taken into account. The three Skyrme interactions give different results for the total reaction cross sections because of different Coulomb breakup contributions. The contribution of the low-lying E 1 strength is amplified when the low-incident energy is chosen. With an appropriate choice of the incident energy and target nucleus, the total reaction cross section can be complementary to the Coulomb excitation for analyzing the low-lying E 1 strength of unstable nuclei.

A precise theoretical study of the electronic structure of heavy atom diatomic molecules is of key importance to interpret the experiments in the search for violation of time-reversal (T) and spatial-parity (P) symmetries of fundamental interactions it terms of the electron electricdipole moment, eEDM, and dimensionless constant, $k_{T,P}$, characterizing the strength of the T,P-odd pseudoscalar$-$scalar electron$-$nucleus neutral current interaction. ACME collaboration has recently obtained and improved limits on these quantities using a beam of ThO molecules in the $H^3\\Delta_1$ state [Science 343, 269 (2014)]. We apply the combined direct 4-component and two-step relativistic pseudopotential/restoration approaches to a benchmark calculation of the effective electric field, Eeff, parameter of the T,P-odd pseudoscalar$-$scalar interaction, $W_{T,P}$, and HFS constant in $^3\\Delta_1$ state of the ThO molecule. The first two parameters are required to interpret the experimental data in terms of the eEDM and $...

We address a number of issues regarding solid state electron electricdipole moment (EDM) experiments, focusing on gadolinium iron garnet (abbreviated GdIG, chemical formula Gd$_3$Fe$_5$O$_{12}$) as a possible sample material. GdIG maintains its high magnetic susceptibility down to 4.2 K, which enhances the EDM-induced magnetization of a sample placed in an electric field. We estimate that lattice polarizability gives rise to an EDM enhancement factor of approximately 20. We also calculate the effect of the demagnetizing field for various sample geometries and permeabilities. Measurements of intrinsic GdIG magnetization noise are presented, and the fluctuation-dissipation theorem is used to compare our data with the measurements of the imaginary part of GdIG permeability at 4.2 K, showing good agreement above frequencies of a few hertz. We also observe how the demagnetizing field suppresses the noise-induced magnetic flux, confirming our calculations. The statistical sensitivity of an EDM search based on a so...

Quantum mechanics thinks that atoms do not have permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) because of their spherical symmetry. Therefore, there is no polar atom in nature except for polar molecules. The electric susceptibility Xe caused by the orientation of polar substances is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature T while the induced susceptibility of atoms is temperature independent. This difference in temperature dependence offers a means of separating the polar and non-polar substances experimentally. Using special capacitor our experiments discovered that the relationship between Xe of Potassium atom and T is just Xe=B/T, where the slope B is approximately 283(K) as polar molecules, but appears to be disordered using the traditional capacitor. Its capacitance C at different voltage V was measured. The C-V curve shows that the saturation polarization of K vapor has be observed when E more than 105V/m and nearly all K atoms (over 98.9 per cent) are lined up with the field! The ground state neutra...

Using special capacitors our experiments discovered that the electric susceptibility Xe of K, Rb or Cs vapor varies in direct proportion to their density N, and inversely proportional to the absolute temperature T as polar molecules. Their capacitance(C) at different voltage (V) was measured. The C-V curve shows that the saturation polarization of K, Rb or Cs vapor has be observed when the field E more than ten to fiveth power V/m. The measurements show that the ground state K, Rb or Cs atom is polar atom with a large permanent electricdipole moment (EDM) of the order of eao (ao is Bohr radius) as excited state of hydrogen atom. But we can not calculate the EDM of an atom using Boltzmann constant. Because of the mechanism of polar atoms by which orientation polarization arises completely differs from polar molecules. The orientation polarization of polar molecule, such as HCl or H2O etc, is a molecule as a whole turned toward the direction of an external field. Unlike polar molecules, the orientation polariz...

Full Text Available The study of conformational properties and tendency to association for chromophore-containing comb-like copolymer of β-(3,4-dicyanophenylazobenzenethyazole methacrylate (A and amylmethacrylate (B (1:1 has been carried out. The copolymer AB is of particular interest because of non-linear optical properties of its films. Dielectric permittivity and dipole moment temperature dependences in dilute cyclohexanone solutions in the temperature range from 20 to 70 °С, in the electric field E ≤ 104 V/cm were investigated by means of static dielectric polarization. It was shown that temperature and concentration dependences of dielectric permittivity for the solvent, copolymer AB, monomer A and polymer B were linear indicating low molecular interactions at temperatures and fields used. The invariable stoichiometry of components in solution for concentration lower than 10–3 mol/mol was proved. The values of dielectric permittivity were extrapolated to infinite dilution and increments α=(Δɛ12/Δx2x2=0 were calculated. The solvent dipole moments were calculated in terms of the Onsager theory whereas dipole moments of AB, A and B were calculated in terms of the Backingham statistical theory of dielectric polarization. Intramacromolecular conformational transition was found to be at ∼40 °C. Dipole moment of A was shown to increase with both temperature and electric field strength. Copolymer side chains trans-location takes place due to intramacromolecular association resulting in the compensation of dipole moments and Kirkwood factor g ≈ 0.6. The association of A units increases in the electric field reducing the dipole moment per monomer unit significantly and g values approximately twice.

Using Weitzenböck Induced Matter Theory (WIMT), we study Schwarzschild wormholes performing different foliations on an extended (non-vacuum) 5D manifold. We explore the geodesic equations for observers which are in the interior of a traversable wormhole and how these observers can detect gravito-magnetic monopoles which are dual to gravito-electric sources observed in the outer zone of some Schwarzschild Black-Hole (BH). The densities of these monopoles are calculated and quantized in the Dirac sense. This kind of duality on the extended Einstein-Maxwell equations, relates electric and magnetic charges on causally disconnected space regions.

The effect of small (up to 0.018 wt %) additions of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) on the complex electric modulus M*= M' - jM″ and the spectrum of the relaxation times G(τ) of a cross-linked polyurethane elastomer containing ˜10 vol % of polyamide-6 dispersed in the polyurethane matrix and incompatible with it was studied. The measurements were conducted in the range of electric field frequencies 10-3-105 Hz at temperatures from 133 to 413 K. Based on the shape analysis of the M″( M') diagrams, the contributions of electric conductivity and dielectric relaxation to complex dielectric permittivity ɛ* = ɛ' - jɛ″ were separated and the effect of additions on α and β relaxation for both polyurethane and polyamide phases was analyzed in accordance with the peculiarities of phase-separated systems. The introduction of SWNTs in the composite affected the dielectric properties of the material; the maximum effect was observed at concentrations of 0.002-0.008 wt %; at higher SWNT concentrations, the scatter of data increased and did not allow us to evaluate the effect. The effect of SWNTs on G(τ) in the main phase was opposite to that in the polyamide phase. In the temperature range of α relaxation of the polyurethane phase, the relaxation times increased after the introduction of SWNTs evidently because of the decrease in the free volume that determines the α relaxation times of polyurethane. In contrast, for the polyamide phase in the range of α relaxation, the relaxation times decreased after the introduction of SWNTs. The results agree with the literature data on the effect of ultrasmall SWNT concentrations on the physicomechanical characteristics of the polyurethane elastomer and its electric conductivity.

The third-rank electric hypershieldings at the nuclei of four small molecules have been evaluated at the Hartree-Fock level of theory in the Hellmann-Feynman approximation. The nuclear electric hypershieldings are closely related to molecular vibrational absorption intensities and a generalization of the atomic polar tensors (expanded in powers of the electric field strength) is proposed to rationalize these intensities. It is shown that the sum rules for rototranslational invariance and the constraints imposed by the virial theorem provide useful criteria for basis-set completeness and for near Hartree-Fock quality of nuclear shieldings and hypershieldings evaluated in the Hellmann-Feynman approximation. Twelve basis sets of different size and quality have been employed for the water molecule in an extended numerical test on the practicality of the proposed scheme. The best results are obtained with the R12 and R12+ basis sets, designed for the calculation of electronic energies by the explicitly correlated R12 method. The R12 basis set is subsequently used to investigate three other molecules, CO, N2, and NH3, verifying that the R12 basis consistently performs very well.

The precise rotation of suspended cells is one of the many fundamental manipulations used in a wide range of biotechnological applications such as cell injection and enucleation in nuclear transfer (NT) cloning. Noticeably scarce among the existing rotation techniques is the three-dimensional (3D) rotation of cells on a single chip. Here we present an alternating current (ac) induced electric field-based biochip platform, which has an open-top sub-mm square chamber enclosed by four sidewall electrodes and two bottom electrodes, to achieve rotation about the two axes, thus 3D cell rotation. By applying an ac potential to the four sidewall electrodes, an in-plane (yaw) rotating electric field is generated and in-plane rotation is achieved. Similarly, by applying an ac potential to two opposite sidewall electrodes and the two bottom electrodes, an out-of-plane (pitch) rotating electric field is generated and rolling rotation is achieved. As a prompt proof-of-concept, bottom electrodes were constructed with transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) using the standard lift-off process and the sidewall electrodes were constructed using a low-cost micro-milling process and then assembled to form the chip. Through experiments, we demonstrate rotation of bovine oocytes of ~120 μm diameter about two axes, with the capability of controlling the rotation direction and the rate for each axis through control of the ac potential amplitude, frequency, and phase shift, and cell medium conductivity. The maximum observed rotation rate reached nearly 140° s⁻¹, while a consistent rotation rate reached up to 40° s⁻¹. Rotation rate spectra for zona pellucida-intact and zona pellucida-free oocytes were further compared and found to have no effective difference. This simple, transparent, cheap-to-manufacture, and open-top platform allows additional functional modules to be integrated to become a more powerful cell manipulation system.

Work during this quarter has concentrated on (1) lattice development of an all-in-one storage ring lattice for measuring the EDM's of protons, deuterons, and helium-3 nuclei. (2) COSY EDM precursor experiments; especially using an electric bend element borrowed from the Fermilab Tevatron. (3) establishing benchmark lattices for comparing beam evolution codes. My responsibilities have been to design or alter lattices for these storage ring experiments and to guide the development of the UAL/ETEAPOT, enabling it to simulate beam and polarization evolution and survival in these experiments.

To understand the relation between the chiral symmetry breaking and monopoles, the chiral condensate which is the order parameter of the chiral symmetry breaking is calculated in the $\\overline{\\mbox{MS}}$ scheme at 2 [GeV]. First, we add one pair of monopoles, varying the monopole charges $m_{c}$ from zero to four, to SU(3) quenched configurations by a monopole creation operator. The low-lying eigenvalues of the Overlap Dirac operator are computed from the gauge links of the normal configurations and the configurations with additional monopoles. Next, we compare the distributions of the nearest-neighbor spacing of the low-lying eigenvalues with the prediction of the random matrix theory. The low-lying eigenvalues not depending on the scale parameter $\\Sigma$ are compared to the prediction of the random matrix theory. The results show the consistency with the random matrix theory. Thus, the additional monopoles do not affect the low-lying eigenvalues. Moreover, we discover that the additional monopoles increa...

A dissertation is presented on magnetic monopoles and relativistic cosmological models. The maximum number density of monopoles in various astrophysical scenarios was investigated along with: the monopole flux in the galaxy, the allowed monopole abundance, and the formation of stable monopole orbits. Limits on the mass and lifetime of monopolonium were calculated. Boltzmann's equation was used to calculate the monopole abundance in a magnetic axisymmetric Bianchi I cosmological model, and a solution was found describing an axisymmetric Bianchi I magnetic cosmology with monopoles. New inhomogeneous solutions to Einstein's equations were found. Finally, stability and inflation in Kaluza-Klein cosmologies in d + D + 1 dimensions was studied.

We show that if the density of grand unified monopoles at T⋍200 MeV id of the order of or greater than 4.4×1021 cm-3 they annihilate all of the strange matter produced in the quagma-hadron phase transition which of the unverse undergoes at this temperature. We also study gravitational capture of monopoles by lumps of strange matter. This yield upper limits on the density of monopoles for different sizes of strange ball. On leave of absence from Departamento de Física Atómica y Nuclear, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

We show the existence of Bogomol’nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) magnetic monopoles in a generalized Yang-Mills-Higgs model which is controlled by two positive functions, g(ϕaϕa) and f(ϕaϕa). This effective model, in principle, would describe the dynamics of the nonabelian fields in a chromoelectric media. We check the consistency of our generalized construction by analyzing an explicit case ruled by a parameter β. We also use the well-known spherically symmetric Ansatz to attain the corresponding self-dual equations describing the topological solutions. The overall conclusion is that the new solutions behave around the canonical one, with smaller or greater characteristic length depending on the values of β.

Electron and proton EDM's can be measured in "frozen spin" (with the beam polarization always parallel to the orbit, for example) storage rings. For electrons the "magic" kinetic energy at which the beam can be frozen is 14.5 MeV. For protons the magic kinetic energy is 230 MeV. The currently measured upper limit for the electron EDM is much smaller than the proton EDM upper limit, which is very poorly known. Nevertheless, because the storage ring will be an order of magnitude cheaper, a sensible plan is to first build an all-electric electron storage ring as a prototype. Such an electron ring was successfully built at Brookhaven, in 1954, as a prototype for their AGS ring. This leaves little uncertainty concerning the cost and performance of such a ring. (This is documentedin one of the Physical Review papers mentioned above.)

The concepts of Planck charges are summarized and extended in a consistent and unified manner to include Planck currents. These Planck parameters form a set of indicators serving as the boundary markers signaling the buffer zone separating the quantum gravity physics beyond Planck energy scale from the ordinary physics below the Planck scale. Combining the concepts of Planck charges with the Dirac electric-magnetic charge quantization relation, a lower bound is discovered and attributed to the value of magnetic monopole as half of the Planck magnetic monopole. The value of the running electric fine structure constant is required to be confined to a restricted interval to keep physics involving magnetic monopoles below the Planck scale. It provides a prediction about the hermitic Shangri-La, a remote place the magnetic monopoles are inhabiting near the boundary but still within the scope of ordinary physics. It opens a window of hope to the theoretical and/or experimental probe for magnetic monopoles realizing...

We present a model which describes the properties of odd-even nuclei with one nucleon more, or less, with respect to the magic number. In addition to the effects related to the unpaired nucleon, we consider those produced by the excitation of the closed shell core. By using a single particle basis generated with Hartree-Fock calculations, we describe the polarization of the doubly magic-core with Random Phase Approximation collective wave functions. In every step of the calculation, and for all the nuclei considered, we use the same finite-range nucleon-nucleon interaction. We apply our model to the evaluation of electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole moments of odd-even nuclei around oxygen, calcium, zirconium, tin and lead isotopes. Our Random Phase Approximation description of the polarization of the core improves the agreement with experimental data with respect to the predictions of the independent particle model. We compare our results with those obtained in first-order perturbation theory, with those ...

Titanium dioxide materials have been studied intensively and extensively for photocatalytic applications. A long-standing open question is the energy band alignment of rutile and anatase TiO2 phases, which can affect the photocatalytic process in the composite system. There are basically two contradictory viewpoints about the alignment of these two TiO2 phases supported by the respective experiments: (1) straddling type and (2) staggered type. In this work, our DFT plus U calculations show that the perfect rutile(110) and anatase(101) surfaces have the straddling type band alignment, whereas the surfaces with defects can turn the band alignment into the staggered type. The electricdipoles induced by defects are responsible for the reversal of band alignment. Thus the defects introduced during the preparation and post-treatment processes of materials are probably the answer to the above open question regarding the band alignment, which can be considered in real practice to tune the photocatalytic activity of materials.

We extract the neutron electricdipole moment (nEDM) vertical stroke vector d{sub n} vertical stroke on configurations produced with N{sub f}=2+1+1 twisted mass fermions with lattice spacing of a ≅0.082 fm and a light quark mass that corresponds to M{sub π} ≅ 373 MeV. We do so by evaluating the CP-odd form factor F{sub 3} for small values of the CP-violation parameter θ in the limit of zero momentum transfer. This limit is extracted using the usual parametrization but in addition position space methods. The topological charge is computed via cooling and gradient flow using the Wilson, Symanzik tree-level improved and Iwasaki actions for smoothing. We obtain consistent results for all choices of smoothing procedures and methods to extract F{sub 3} at zero momentum transfer. For the ensemble analyzed we find a value of nEDM of vertical stroke vector d{sub n} vertical stroke /θ=0.045(6)(1) e.fm.

We present a class of cancellation conditions for suppressing the total contributions of Barr-Zee diagrams to the electron electricdipole moment (eEDM). Such a cancellation is of particular significance after the new eEDM upper limit was released by the ACME Collaboration, which strongly constrains the allowed magnitude of CP violation in Higgs couplings and hence the feasibility of electroweak baryogenesis (EWBG). Explicitly, if both the CP-odd Higgs-photon-photon (Z boson) and the CP-odd Higgs-electron-positron couplings are turned on, a cancellation may occur either between the contributions of a CP-mixing Higgs boson, with the other Higgs bosons being decoupled, or between the contributions of CP-even and CP-odd Higgs bosons. With a cancellation, large CP violation in the Higgs sector is still allowed, yielding successful EWBG. The reopened parameter regions would be probed by future neutron, mercury EDM measurements, and direct measurements of Higgs CP properties at the Large Hadron Collider Run II and future colliders.

We calculate for the first time the electricdipole moment (EDM) of the deuteron, $^3$H, and $^3$He nuclei generated by the one-meson exchange CP-odd nuclear force in the standard model. The effective $|\\Delta S| = 1$ four-quark operators are matched to the $|\\Delta S| = 1$ standard model processes involving the CP phase of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix at the electroweak scale and run down to the hadronic scale $\\mu = 1$ GeV according to the renormalization group evolution in the next-to-leading logarithmic order. At the hadronic scale, the hadron matrix elements are modeled in the factorization approach. We then obtain the one-meson (pion, eta meson, and kaon) exchange CP-odd nuclear force, which is the combination of the $|\\Delta S| = 1$ meson-baryon vertices which issue from the penguin operator and the hyperon-nucleon transition. From this CP-odd nuclear force, the nuclear EDM is calculated with the realistic Argonne $v18$ interaction and the CP-odd nuclear force using the Gaussian expansion metho...