Border Gateway Protocol

The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), runs over TCP and is an inter-Autonomous System routing protocol. BGP is the only protocol that is designed to deal with a network of the Internet’s size, and the only protocol that can deal well with having multiple connections to unrelated routing domains. It is built on experience gained with EGP. The primary function of a BGP system is to exchange network reachability information with other
BGP systems. This network reachability information includes information on the list of Autonomous Systems that reachability information traverses. This information is sufficient to construct a graph of AS connectivity from which routing loops may be pruned and some policy decisions at the AS level may be enforced. BGP-4 provides a new set of mechanisms for supporting classless interdomain routing (CIDR). These mechanisms include support for advertising an IP prefix and eliminate the concept of network class within BGP. BGP-4 also introduces mechanisms which allow aggregation of routes, including aggregation of AS paths. The BGP is used mostly by ISP's to share information about different networks. BGP itself is a complex exterior routing protocol that is used in conjunction with autonomous systems. It is originally cataloged as RFC 1163.

There are several variations of the BGP protocol

* BGP4 * EBGP * IBGP * EGP

BGP4 is an enhanced version of BGP that performs special operations to reduce the size of the routing table. This includes the use of classless interdomain routing (CIDR).

IBGP is used "inside" an autonomous system. This works much like a "network neighborhood." IBGP is used inside the confines of its own autonomous System, but cannot be used in conjunction with a different…...

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