Card Range To Study

34 Cards in this Set

This type of rain is produced when fossil fuels are burned and produce oxides that react with sunlight and water.

Acid Rain

This is a birds eye or overhead view of something

Aerial View

Running water, wind, waves, gravity and glaciers; the 5 forces that cause erosion, are known as

Agents of erosion

Lower mantle that has the ability to flow

asthenosphere

The bottom of a mountain or volcano

Base

The type of seismic waves that occur in the body of the earth including primary and secondary waves

Body Waves

This happens when the rock is chemically attacked: An example of this is the breakdown of limestone by acid rain

Chemical Weathering

The belief that all continents were stuck together long ago

Pangea

These are formed when plants or animals die and are immediately covered by sediment

Fossils

The idea that the Earth's surface is made up of a series of large plates (like pieces of a giant jigsaw puzzle).

Plate Tectonics

The idea that continents can drift apart or together

Continental Drift

One plate collides with the other and moves beneath it

Subduction Zone

lithospheric plates move away from each other

Divergent Plates

lithospheric plates move toward each other

Convergent plates

plates slide past each other. The San Andreas fault in California is an example

Transform Plates

the sudden release of strain energy in the Earth's crust resulting in waves of shaking that radiate outwards from the source

Earthquake

The point where an earthquake starts

Hypocenter

The point at the surface directly above the focus

Epicenter

This is based on the observed effects of ground shaking on people, buildings, and natural features

Intensity

This is related to the amount of seismic energy released at the hypocenter of the earthquake.

Magnitude

This was created to measure the magnitude of earthquakes

The Richter Scale

This is an opening (or rupture) in the Earth's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from deep below the surface

Volcano

The outer shell of the Earth is called

Crust

The next layer is called the

Mantle

The next layer is the liquid

Outer Core

The middle bit is called the solid

Inner Core

is a physical action which breaks up rocks into smaller pieces

Physical Weathering

is when rocks are weakened and broken down by animals and plants

Biological Weathering

is a type of physical weathering which involves wearing down rocks usually by wind or water

Erosion

Streams and rivers carry the small bits of sediment towards the sea (continually wearing down as they progress).

Transportation

means that the sand and sediments in the sea eventually settle to the bottom.

Deposition

Layers of sediment are deposited at the bottom of seas and lakes.
Layers of sediment are deposited at the bottom of seas and lakes. These types of rocks usually have layers or bands across them and contain fossils

Sedimentary Rock

These rocks are created by extreme heat and pressure.
They do not melt

Metamorphic Rock

These rocks form when molten rock (Magma if it is below the surface or lava if it has erupted from a volcano) solidifies and they contain minerals randomly arranged in crystals