Key Features

Collects and synthesizes the literature covering the state of knowledge of the physiology of euryhaline fish

Provides the foundational information needed for researchers from a variety of fields, including fish physiology, conservation and evolutionary biology, genomics, ecology, ecotoxicology, and comparative physiology

All authors are the leading researchers and emerging leaders in their fields

Description

The need for ion and water homeostasis is common to all life. For fish, ion and water homeostasis is an especially important challenge because they live in direct contact with water and because of the large variation in the salt content of natural waters (varying by over 5 orders of magnitude). Most fish are stenohaline and are unable to move between freshwater and seawater. Remarkably, some fishes are capable of life in both freshwater and seawater. These euryhaline fishes constitute an estimated 3 to 5% of all fish species. Euryhaline fishes represent some of the most iconic and interesting of all fish species, from salmon and sturgeon that make epic migrations to intertidal mudskippers that contend with daily salinity changes. With the advent of global climate change and increasing sea levels, understanding the environmental physiology of euryhaline species is critical for environmental management and any mitigative measures. This volume will provide the first integrative review of euryhalinity in fish. There is no other book that focuses on fish that have the capacity to move between freshwater and seawater. The different challenges of salt and water balance in different habitats have led to different physiological controls and regulation, which heretofore has not been reviewed in a single volume.

1. Principles and Patterns of Osmoregulation and Euryhalinity in Fishes

1. Introduction

2. Principles of Ion and Water Transport

3. Osmoregulatory Organs

4. Hagfishes

5. Lampreys

6. Elasmobranchs

7. Teleost Fishes

8. Conclusions and Perspectives

References

2. Osmosensing

1. Introduction

2. Whole-Organism (Systemic) Osmosensing

3. Molecular Mechanisms of Cellular Osmosensing

4. Conclusions and Perspectives

References

3. Hormonal Control of Fish Euryhalinity

1. Introduction

2. Rapid-Acting Hormones

3. Slow-Acting Hormones

4. Target Tissues

5. Developmental (Ontogenic) Aspects

6. Evolutionary (Phylogenetic) Aspects

7. Conclusions and Perspectives

References

4. Euryhaline Elasmobranchs

1. Introduction

2. Distribution

3. Phylogeny of Euryhaline Elasmobranchs

4. Osmoregulation

5. Metabolism

6. Sensory Biology

7. Behavior

8. Reproduction

9. Conclusions and Perspectives

References

5. Smolt Physiology and Endocrinology

1. Introduction

2. Morphology

3. Migration

4. Imprinting

5. Osmoregulation

6. Endocrine Control

7. Developmental and Environmental Regulation

8. Conclusions and Perspectives

References

6. Freshwater to Seawater Transitions in Migratory Fishes

1. Introduction

2. Life History Patterns

3. Movement Patterns

4. Osmoregulatory Competence

5. Preparatory Adaptation and Mechanistic Trends

6. Growth and Osmoregulation

7. Conclusions and Perspectives

References

7. Seawater to Freshwater Transitions in Diadromous Fishes

1. Introduction

2. Behavior and Timing

3. Ionoregulation

4. Endocrine Control

5. Mechanisms for Selection of Freshwater Habitat

6. Effect of Diadromy on Genetic Population Structure

7. Conclusions and Perspectives

References

8. Osmoregulation in Estuarine and Intertidal Fishes

1. Introduction

2. Intertidal Habitats: Estuaries and Tide Pools

3. Osmoregulatory Strategies

4. Osmoregulatory Stresses

5. Estuarine Fishes as Physiological Models

6. Conclusions and Perspectives

References

9. Extreme Environments: Hypersaline, Alkaline, and Ion-Poor Waters

1. Introduction

2. Hypersaline Waters

3. Alkaline Lakes

4. Ion-Poor Waters

5. Conclusions and Perspectives

References

10. Euryhalinity in An Evolutionary Context

1. Introduction

2. Diversity of Halotolerance

3. Evolutionary Transitions in Euryhalinity

4. Convergence and Euryhalinity

5. Conclusions and Perspectives

References

Other Volumes in the Fish Physiology Series

Index

Quotes and reviews

"...I found the book very worthwhile reading and have learned a great deal from it."--The Quarterly Review of Biology, Euryhaline Fishes

"...especially useful to research scientists interested in ion and water homeostasis and veterinarians involved with aquaculture or fisheries who are interested in wild and cultured euryhaline fishes."--Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, December 15, 2014