An artillery tractor is a kind of tractor, also referred to as a gun tractor, used to tow artillery pieces of varying weights and sizes. The first such devices were designed prior to the outbreak of World War I.

There are two main types of artillery tractors, depending on the type of traction. Wheeled tractors are usually variations of lorries adapted for military service. Tracked tractors run on caterpillar tracks, and in some cases are built on a modified tank chassis with the superstructure replaced with a compartment for the gun crew or ammunition. The idea of half-track tractors was mostly discontinued after the World War II.