The 4 Ways You'll Get Hacked

Amid all the news that hackers gave gotten their hands on millions of credit card numbers and contact information from at least five retailers – including Neiman Marcus – many of you might be wondering what those thieves could really net from just an email address, home address, phone number or a credit card number. The answer depends on you, and what kind of "ish" you could get sucked in by.

On the one hand, you're technically right – once a credit card is canceled and without your Social Security number, there's not much left for an identity thief to directly profit off of. But with a little extra work and some programming ingenuity, identity thieves can use this information to engage in what I like to call the pantheon of "ishing" – phishing, spear-phishing, vishing and smishing – and still turn a tidy profit off of their crimes with your inadvertent help.

So what are these four big Ishes? Let's go through them, shall we?

1.

Phishing

If you have an email account, you're probably already familiar with phishing, which is when you (and thousands of other people) get an email claiming to be "your" financial company, email provider or best friend (among other identities) in an effort to get you to give them sensitive financial information or personal information (like your Social Security number), or even to click on a link that will collect that information or install a virus or malware onto your computer.

What you might not know is that phishermen's trawling tactics are increasingly sophisticated and their emails look more and more like they've come from reputable sources, which is why you have to retrain yourself not to click, no matter how initially important or worrisome the email might be. If you think you do need to be in touch with your financial institution, email provider or best buddy, type that email address directly in a new window, or web address in a new browser.

If you think you do need to be in touch with your financial institution or email provider, go directly to the institution's actual website ("Google" it if you need to) and find their contact information there. Alternatively you could call the number on the back of your card or on a recent bill.

2.

Spear-Phishing

Spear-phishing is, as it sounds, just a more targeted form of phishing: hackers will go through lists of contact data looking for people that seem either more vulnerable to phishing tactics or more important – like people who work at financial services companies – and send them tailored emails that appear to come from specific, important people they know. They're often asked to click on links or download seemingly innocuous files and – bam – the hackers are in.

3.

Vishing

Vishing is how hackers take advantage of phone number databases – like the ones accessed in the SnapChat hack. They'll call you and claim to be from your bank (they just need your account number and routing information), the IRS (just confirm your Social Security number) or even Microsoft (just let them log into your PC remotely) to try to gain access to your personal or financial information or even install malware on your devices.

4.

Smishing

Perhaps the newest identity theft technique is smishing – and, no, this isn't what Snooki and the gang were talking about on "Jersey Shore." Instead, hackers use cellphone numbers they've obtained – through everything from the SnapChat hack to the Target hack – to text people unawares. They can disguise their numbers, pretend to be companies with which you are affiliated or simply encourage you to open a link that can install malware or viruses on your smartphone.

But all these techniques require one thing: that consumers fall for it! They require you to let your guard down, assume your spam filter will catch it, be distracted when so-and-so from "your bank" calls worried about your account security, or wondering who would text you a link to something and what it could all mean. They require you to think that Target's offer of free credit monitoring is all you need to protect yourself, that a hacker having your email address isn't a big deal, and that once your credit card is replaced, you need not closely monitor your accounts after that.

The truth is that all of us – regardless of whether we think we've been caught up in a data breach – need to be vigilant when it comes our information. Check your accounts regularly. Check your credit reports for free once a year with each of the major credit bureaus. Ensure the reports are accurate and that you recognize all the accounts. If you even suspect they have mistakes, reach out to the bureaus (Experian, Equifax and TransUnion). To monitor your credit more regularly, you can use a free tool like Credit.com's Credit Report Card for a breakdown, updated monthly, of the information in your credit report along with free credit scores. If you see your score drop for no reason, you know something could be up.

The hackers want you to let your own issues overcome your healthy skepticism when it's time for their "ish." Don't grant their wish.

This work is the opinion of the columnist and in no way reflects the opinion of ABC News.

Adam Levin is chairman and cofounder of Credit.com and Identity Theft 911. His experience as former director of the New Jersey Division of Consumer Affairs gives him unique insight into consumer privacy, legislation and financial advocacy. He is a nationally recognized expert on identity theft and credit.