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v i '...- o persch-rged 25 percent higher â– lts history,0^â„¢â„¢gf l tect10v and manufactlre h andtheiivterest0fitspr0*i from a col " * e ed/tor o t*e â– v_.i â– _â€ž/ int'llmeiieerj â– the objection urged against the tariff i is that trade is reciprocal and that con h sequent every cent of duty levied by us fl upon the foreign fabric of cotton import h ed into this country recoils upon the cot h ton grower who is compelled either to fl sell his cotton for so much less as the duty h takes from tbe profit ofthe manufacturer i r to withdraw from the foreign market h luch of the cotton as would be con h ed b that portion of the foreign fah-h ric which is substituted by the manufac-^b tares with which the duty levied enables h us to furnish ourselves at home the ar h gument sounds well and at first blush i convincing ; but we may readily find the fl reason whj practical results falsify so h well sounding a theory as in most ca i sea of reasoning a pee all the facts rel 1 evant to the issue are not brought before â– the mind those w bo urge this objection â– do not seem to have inquired into two ve h ry important matters of fact viz how-h tar the people of england are under i!i fl ssity of manufacturing cotton audi how far by reduction of duties in any wa bb bearing on the manufacture england sh capable of reducing the cost ofthe fabric.^h these objectors had even as many as fit 1 tit n or eighteen years ago falsely assum-^h ed tliat the cost of fabricating in england^b was reduced to its lowest rates we wiilh inquire into ihis branch of the subject^b more full presently nor do these same^b objectors seem to have looked into anoth-l er question of tact equally important andh tliat is whether our duties upon the im-h ported fabric have ever affected the a-h mount of american cotton consumed a-h broad but suppose for ihe sake of ar-h gument that the protective duty takt-sh from the cotton grower so much of theh foreign market for his raw cotton as itl affords home market for the domestic ma-h nufacture it is palpable that it would ath the same time give him a irnie market^h for fully the same amount of raw eotton.^h as it would be impossible for us to fabri-h cate without the raw material besides.^h this home market must be to the extent^h of it a much better one than the forcign.^h the great profits of our lactoi ies are notflh tl â– sheer fabrications of southern polni-h cians _ ou will pardon me lor saying^h but ihese politicians must lave a reah iicit of rate mail end to work upon at homeh or tiny vouia never send so gross a o-/;h ric from their political factories history proves that england the great^h cptton manufacturer has never taken oueh - ! the less of our cotton on account oh my fncreased protection of our own man-h ufactures nor one pound the more beh cause of any reduction of duties on ourh part she has gone on from year to yeai^h rapidly increasing the quantity of her con-^h sumption of our staple irrespective of ouiflh duties she seems to have acted uiuleih a stem necessity which impels her tm-h tier all circumstances to manufacture thish product of our soil and beg for admit-^h tance at our ports with fabrics of herh loom at any price these statements areh not loosely made 1 write from the ie-h cord and to substantiate my position re-b ler to the table respecting raw cotton lo be found in the national intelligencer h of september 8th taken chiefly from mc-h culloch himself the great champion offl ____ tree trade â– if it is asked why it is that the expan-^b sion of the manufacture of this article h has continued notwithstanding the con-h linual reduction of the price of the fabric ? h perhaps we will find the true answer part h ly in the rapid development of this cbun h try itself whose inexhaustible powers of i production act by means of the cotton h trade as a stimulus on the labor-craving h population of england which in its still h increasing demands for our raw material h reacts with voltaic energy upon the pro h ductive spirit of our people production h manufacture and consumption of the fa h brie have kept pace together as an onl i let for the swelling manufacture reducing i prices kept up a continually expanding h consumption and thus is explained the h difficult problem why production in theh midst of its almosl miraculous expansion i but slowly abated its extravagant profits fl as the improvements in machinery toge fl ther with the reducing prices of the raw i material enabled the manufacturer to i continue his reduction of price for the fa i brie so likewise the improvement in the i culture and the machinery for preparing i the raw material for market enabled the i planter to lop from his prices and preserve his gains but little impaired which still continued and to this day remain greater than those of any otherbranch of agri culture with perhaps the exception ofthe culture of sugar but 1 wish to show you by a plain his toric detail that this splendidly acting and reacting system between the manufactur er in england and the producer in amer ica would long since have ceased its won drous action but for the protective arm of american congress in 177 1 england repealed the statute which made it penal to manufacture any article veholly e>f cotton : and lrom lhat ime till 1806 levied a duty of 3d sterling poo every square yard manufactured in â€¢ tie realm in 1806 t his excise duly was jawed to 3.w per sejuare yard besides s excise duty an impost duty oi 9s id erl'mg per cw t was paid upon raw cot Â»â€¢â€¢ under the english tariff of 1787 which lst_raised t0 9 7-(1 under their tariff of e truly wise men of this country such the carolina watciim an bruner & james ) ' . " keep a check utoh all your hdilors of proprietors \ s safe . new series kclep.s do this __ llbekty ' " ' gen'l harrison j number 24 of volume iii c â€”â€”-__. v 1 salisbury n c friday october 9 1846 Â« as washington adams jefferson madi i son and after them even john c cal i lioun lowndes clay and a host of oth i ers saw at once how beneficial it would i be to the consumer of the fabric as also fl to the producer of the raw material if we i could but manufacture this cotton at home i and thus save from eight to ten dollars i per cwt on the cotton in the coarser fab i lies hence the protection of the earlier i administrations ; and hence among other i reasons the lively support which lowndes i and calhoun gave to the tariff of 1810 ; i and hence the frequent urging of this sub 1 ject upon the consideration of congress fl by madison and after bim by monroe â€” i our manufaclures had taken some hold h during the restrictive system of jefferson i and afterwards during the war but al i ter peace was restored the flooding impor i 1,1 oiks from england seemed likely '<>! overwhelm them in their infancy until i by the tariffs of 1824 and 1828 adequate i protection was given them now mark h the effect jackson in his first message h i believe it was adverts to the tariff offl 1828 and accounts for the singular failure in the prediction of its opponents respect i ing the prices of protected articles by theh extraordinary impetus given to manufac-^b tures thereby increasing them so much as^b actually to reduce the price notwithstan-^b ding the duty that mode of accountingh lor low prices under high duties was otni'lh and true and republican in jackson's mes-^b sage but in the nrmurhs of whigs now ill is false and absurd â€” aristocratic federal,^b british or any thing a demagogue ehoos-^b es to call it h now let us mark the effect of thissame^b " bill of abominations upon england atulh we will soon see what a lever we held upnnl her on this subject the great competi-^b tion with england which that bilf'raisedh in our domestic manufactures so reduced^b the price that the english manufacturers,^b in s2u and 1830 were compelled to com-h mence a system ol retrenchment and throwd^b out of employment a large number of la-l borers and such distress and consequent^b disquietude resulted from this course thatl if parliament had not interfered so as tol remove the cause of distress the en_lish^b government itself would in all probability have been overturned the manufactur-^b ers insisted on the striking off the excise^b duty of 3id pr square yard or they eouldl not compete with the american factories,^b and the necessity of the case compelled^b engbuid in 1831 to take off the excise dtityl entirely thus it is that the much-abuscd^b tariff of 1828 brought about a permanent^b reduction in the cost of the fabric in eng-^b land amounting to more than the present price per square yard of the coarse fab-l lies â€” which reduction has done more tol extend the consumption of cottons and t"l hold up the price of the raw material ihanl any one thing in the course of its history i shortly after this master result of our pol-^b icy which seems to have eluded the oh-h servation of our politicians in which mill 1 ions of revenue raised by england from h our staple were released our own ilis-h putes at home effected what england so b anxiously desired the tariff of 1832 i made almost every hempen article free of i duty and otherwise affected the duties on i manufactures ; and in 1833 the compro i mise act established wholly a new system i o duties which the same author mccul i loch hailed as the harbinger of prosperity i lo england indeed he exultingly declar i d that those modifications of the tariff i ad given a death blow to our manufac i tures but fortunately for the country i he destructive period of that act was just h before the close of its ten years continu h mice and we were not bound by the so â– t'limity of its pledge long to bleed under fl the cruel stab in 1832 the wound was i stanched but the whole politic wasinthe i very last stages of sinking yet see how i ike a charm with the returning smile ofl i fostering government life and activity i returns ami every industrial interest i springs to its feet again but the grum fl bling cotton planter like the elder brother fl in the parable ofthe prodigal son stands i all afar and refuses to join in the univer i sal joy upon his brother's return it seems fl to be the fate of southern politicians to be fl embarrassed with signal failure in all their i predictions they complained that this i tariff of 1812 would only cause england fl to lay countervailing duties and to shut tier ports in a measure against our pro juce ; but unfortunately tor their reputa tion as prophets and wise men the first thing we hear from england on the sub ject is that she has taken off the last pen h>y of duty upon cotton in order to sustain hand encourage the manufacture there like hwise here then is the remarkable spec htacle of two of the most powerful nations hon the globe rivalling each other in en the manufacture of a staple h lie producers of which profess to regard hthat encouragement by the nation which his foremost to act and compels its rival to hdo likewise the greatest curse which le hgislation can bring down upon them h what then have been the effects of â– our protective system on this staple in h america '. 1 by protective tariffs it was first plan flled here 2 by protective tariffs a home market bhas been built up for this staple of great ler importance than the english market h was twenty years ago ; for when the ta i riff of 1821 was passed the whole amount lÂ°i cotton manufactured in england was only 131,000.000 lbs and the whole ex i ported from the united states was 142 i 2-5 millions while last year 489,000 bales i were consumed by our manufactures i which at an average of 173 lbs per bale i amounts to upwards of 182.000,000 lbs i 3 by our protective dulies first the i english excise duty on the manufacture i and afterwards her impost duty on the i raw cotton have been removed as a i corollary from this proposition a perma i nent reduction in ihe price of the fabric i has been effected by the same cause so i that ihe cotton grower and the consumer i of the fabrics have been equally benefit i while these results in the operation of i that system were effected the manufac i ture of this staple in england has progress i ed with the increase ofthe crop in the u i states without respect to the duties laid i upon her fabrics i in this view of the subject and i believe i every word of this argument is sound and i based upon established facts i ask you b candidly to say is not the cotton planter i more indebted to protective duties than i any other man not excepting the matin i facturer himself ? i i have attempted to present this subject i in a new light by adverting to one impor i tant fact which had escaped the attention i of our peo])le if i have succeeded in i demonstrating the true effect of our pro i tective duties upon british legislation i i have brought to view a matter which de i mands the attentive consideration of states i men how far 1 have elucidated this sub h ject vou must judge h old virginia â– the subject of the new tariff is such i a fruitful theme with the democracy that h although we published articles last week i showing how false were their conclusions h as to its effect upon the flour and grain i market yet we beg to present this addi i tional one to our readers they will find i it very plain and clear and will see how i utterly unfounded are the reasonings and i conclusions of those who are accrediting i to the tariff of 40 every good effect up i on the markets h from the richmond times the british market i the unsettled effects of the recent in i telligence from england have set the de i mocratic journals very diligently to de h monstrating the admirable effects of free i trade their peculiar course of reason i ing may be stated in a few words thus i *' some weeks since it was asked by the i whig journals why agricultural produce i was so low they were told the tariff i of 1842 was in operation but since they i asked this question there has been a rise i in prices the tariff of 1842 is still in i operation but it is the tariff of 18 10 which h has had the effect thus whatever h is bad is due to the law of 1842 and i whatever is good is due to the tariff ol h 1846 or to put the case differently it'h flour one week falls five shillings a quar h ter it is the abominable system of protec h lion which causes it ; but if the next week h it rises five shillings why it is mr walk h pr's free trade which is to be blessed for h it but if flour should again in the third h week fall back five shillings we should h probably be called on to recollect that the h ariffof 1842 is still in operation and be i assured that it has caused the depression i this we submit as a fair sample of the i argumentation of our opponents about the i results of free trade their style is a per i feet thermometer ofthe markets and we i may always know whether price's are i bad or good as the laws of 1842 and i 1skj are alternately described as in the â– ascendant i the enquirer of yesterday falls very i much into this maimer of argument but i in one portion ofthe article expresses more i reasonable views : i " now we do not contend ays that paper i that the recent rise of agricultural products is i entirely owing to the revenue measures here i and in england we arc willing to give some i credit to the potato failure and lo the axiom i that prices depend upon the sit]>ply and demand i but we are just as confident that the more ex i tended our market the greater our demand i and more probable a rise in prices i it is something to gain a concession that i mr walker is not entitled to all the cred i it the absolute destruction of nearly all the food of the irish is at last admitted in democratic estimation to have a slight effect on prices and what is more impor tant the law of supply and demand is not wholly discarded from the enquirer's e conomy nor are we disposed to dispute the en quirer's axiom that " the more extended our market the greater our demand and more probable a rise in prices ho ever objected to the british opening their ports to american corn ? if the measure is to make their market available to us who is there that will not be pleased at it no whig we are sure has ever ar gued that the repeal of the corn laws would be prejudiced to our people unlpss they were allured by it into the adoption of unwise measures of their own what we have contended for is that the british measure conferred no manner of obliga tion on us : it was adopted from regard to british interests entirely ; and was based on no enlarged system of commercial re ciprocity but strictly on considerations offl internal policy ; in a word to give theh british laborer cheap bread we haveh maintained also that the advantage of theh british market is much over-estimated byh those who represent that it is to furnish ah permanent and reliable demand for ame-h rican corn and we regard this as un-h questionably established by the recent i fluctuations of that market corn wash exceedingly low notwithstanding the pre-h vious repeal of the corn laws and thecer-h tain success of our tariff bill until the as h certained failure of the potato crop andh the doubtful weather at the period of bar i vest spread an alarm about a scarcity of h provisions was it inquired whether the i american supply would not meet the de h ficiency i not at all prices immediately i rose because of the supposed insuflicien h cy of ihe british supply in another week i however although the ravages ofthe po h tato disease were more certainly ascer i tained the weather had proved to be un i expectedly favorable and the harvest ofl wheat was pronounced to be an average h one the natural effect of a fall in price i took place forthwith and we deem it as i yet entirely uncertain whether this fall i has not more than counterbalanced theh previous enhancement h these fluctuations we say prove that i the british demand docs not depend on i the foreign but on the domestic supply i and they show further that the british i market is not expected by its own deal i ers to furnish a very reliable demand for i the foreign supply fl so much for breadstuffs a slight ad i vance in cotton an article which we free i ly concede does find a most important i market in great britain which it found i just as efficiently long before the era of i free trade has been ver naturally caused i by the intelligence that the cotton crop is i to be a short one unlike the case of i wheat the demand for cotton depends on i the foreign supply and an expected dimi fl nutionof the supjily has produced a slight i advance in the price ; not by any means fl such an advance as the enquirer takes i for granted in adopting some statement of i a new york paper the enquirer asks i complacently if this advance is to be as i cribed like the rise in wheat to the potato i rot ? assuredly not but to ihe failure of i the cotton crop a deficiency in any kind i of provisions will produce a demand for i all kinds and a deficiency of cotton will produce a demand for cotton but we i doubt not it is as pertinent to attribute i the small enhancement of cotton to the j fl potato rot as to mr walker's tariff or to the repeal of the corn laws i but how is it with tobacco ? here is i another article not produced in england fl and for which the demand like that for fl cotton depends on the foreign supply â€” i unfortunately for our opponents tobacco fl continues to he more and more depressed fl in spite of mr walker and the tariff of fl 1846 the excellent circular from one of i the most respectable houses in liverpool fl which we were permitted by a house in i this city to copy in our yesterday's paper fl gives this unpromising account of the bri i tish tobacco market : i " the heavy stock of tobacco in europe the i large supplies still to come forward and the re i ported luxurious state of the growing crop in the i united states forbid expectation of a satisfac â– tory business in the article during the ensuing i season nor can any hope for future business he â– entertained until the culture of tobacco in the m united states be discouraged by unremunera i ting prices â€” a result which of necessity must m be near at hand i now gentle nen of the free trade school i why is it that your free trade does not im prove the prices of tobacco ? we pre sume we shall be told we ought not to expect any thing better as long as the ta riff of 1812 is in force but with wheat and cotton it is perfectly clear that the tariff of 1842 though in force is not work ing and that the beneficent act of 184g is the " full tide of successful experiment 1 j truly our free trade friends possess a won derful facility of accommodating their ar guments to circumstances . keep it before the people that mr lewis the democratic chair man of the senate committee on finance during the debate on the tariif bill stated that the 8th and 9th sections of that bill were both of them " substantially cop ies of a british statute long in operation keep it before the people that mr payne of alabama when ask ed how the country would get revenue re plied " easv enough â€” ice shall consume foreign goods instead of goods made at home 1 we shall derive a revenue of 8 100.000,000 if need be by importing five times as many as we now do ! ! " keep it before the people that mr mcduffie of south carolina in replying to mr webster made use of this extraordinory language :â€” " it was represented that the labor ofthe coun try would be effected by this bill that fs"aid mr mi'dullic contemptuously is but a small matter 1 ! " keep it before the people that senator cameron of pennsylva nia said of the new tariff if the bill i had been drawn by a british statesman f " . â€” â– â€” " â– it could not have discriminated more in fa i ror ./ bwns workmen 1 let the people remember that mr haywood the democratic sen ' ator from north carolina who resigned his seat sooner than vote for the tariff \ law of 1840 says in his address to the peo ' pie of north carolina that the tariff of ] 1840 is the first ever passed by our con ! grcss that discriminated against ameri ] can industry duty upon madeira wink we stated the duty upon madeira wine ' under the act of 1s42 to be go cents per gallon which is 50 per cent the constitutionalist admits our state ment to be correct but says under the i treaty of reciprocity with portugal the du . ty levied was only 7 a cents which is 5 per cent well then if a treaty makes it 5 percent don't charge the whigs with putting it at 5 per cent if a democratic ' secretary will place upon the treaty a construction not warranted in the opinion . of abie judges and put madeira wine at , a duty of 5 per cent for the sake of com , mon justice don't parade the duty in the | papers as the work ofthe whigs and put , by the side of it a duty of 10 per cent as , the work ofthe democrats if a demo ( cratic administration will construe the j treaty so as to defeat the whig duty of t 50 per cent perhaps it may do so to de ( feat the democratic duty of 40 per cent . why put a duty of 40 per cent upon , madeira wine in the act of 1s4g when j the secretary will not permit it to be en . forced ? was it put there to cheat the people [ and make them believe that the demo , cratswere willing to favor the poor while \ the whigs wished to oppress them i . the whigs put a duty of 50 per cent j upon madeira wine the democrats , charge them with putting a duty of 5 per . cent upon it while they were willing to , put one of 40 and now it turns out that t the 5 per cent duty is the work of a dem , ocratic secretary ! that is that much | only is collected by his construction of t the terms of a treaty with portugal to . whom the island of madeira belongs [ augusta sentinel , _______ , maine election â€” the boston atlas of thursday says : i our friends in maine did nobly at the second trial on monday thomaston for the first time almost within the memory of . man has elected whig reprasentatives ! ; this is almost equal to the election of a t whig in nobleborough and bremen bel . fast too redeemed and has elected hen . ry colburn whig by a handsome vote ' richmond and bowdoinham have each ( elected a whig lincoln county has done ' nobly and has already elected more whigs i even than old kennebec t " so far as we have returns the whigs j have elected thirty-six to twenty-seven ( locos and one liberty the classed towns do not vote again until a week from ! monday portland and bangor try again next monday i^he whig convention which met yes , lay at utica has nominated mr young { ivingston as a candidate for the ollice governor and hamilton fish esq of city for lieutenant governor he massachusetts whig convention t in boston yesterday and by acclama i nominated mr briggs for governor i mr reid for lieutenant governor y are the present able and esteemd in , nbents l disappointed pakty â€” the remnant of fifty four forties in the west are giving â€¢ t to their wrath in such manifestations as ;, which the ohio statesman the organ of locracy in ohio with some severe stric s of its own copies from the proceedings ol emocratic meeting in that state : ' resolved that president polk in his truck y to the south and his crouching to the wlings ofthe british lion has been guilty of inconsistency and treachery too base to be riven and a wrong dishonorable to the na n and has forfeited all claims to our conn ice and respect the south carolina papers are discuss ~ with some warmth the expediency of insferring the appointment ol presiden tl electors from the legislature to the oplp south carolina is the only state which ihe people are not permitted to te in a presidential election the larleston mercury warmly resists the oposed change it thinks that south irolina is now the best governed com onwealth in the union and it is cou nt to keep her so this may be the tact it no state in the union has a constitu n so thoroughly aristocratic in its pro sions and bv the operation of which the ill of the majority of the white popula on is so effectually paralyzed ihe state iav be for all this well governed ; but if be it only affords another illustration f the trilling'infiuence of " forms of gov rnment upon the prosperity and happi ess of a commonwealth improvement on the water wheel we had an opportunity last week of s pecting the model of an improved w it er wheel the discovery of a worthy cit en of kershaw district which promises o be one of the most important improve rnents in this kneÂ«ver given lothe public die improvement consists in a new mode of applying the power to the reaction wheel now generally in use by which a vast increase is given lothe motive pow er or by which a mill can be constructed itid worked with half the quantity of wa ter now required by ordinary mills the inventor mr.^manue parker has a mill constructed on ibis plan whose opepati have been witnessed by many ol our cit izens who pronounce it to be the greatest improvement on the water wheel vet dis covered mr parker has forwarded his model to \\ ashington to obtain a patent which no doubl will lie speedily granted it is but seldom that we have an opportu nity to record a southern invention of this nature as the numerous yankee i wheels throughout the sooth will amply prove we therefore feel some pride in testifying upon good authority to the su periority ofthis discovery to all others now in use we wish mr parker all the suc cess which be so richly deserves after fifteen month's study and labor he has at length the gratifi al ing the prac tical operation of his improvements which he telis us exceeds even his own antici pations with regard to it â€” camden jour nal the rip r i-s â€” the fortifications at the pip raps in hampton roads are about two miles from portress monroe thev > n dose a space of about three acres and nearly two millions have already been ex pended by the government in their con struction the water on tbe bar at ihe rip raps was at low water at the time the works were commenced from fifteen to twenty feet in depth and to form the foundation of the superstructure large blocks of granite v re sunk until the foundation some four acres or more in ex tent was formed the building of the fortification was then commenced and bad progressed to the height of perhaps fifteen i'cct when it was found that the foundation under the weight was sinking though so imperceptibly as at first to be scarcely noticeable the further construc tion ofthe work was in consequence post poned the first tier ol port holes having been completed the walls were then built up to the intended height with the granite blocks designed lor the fortifica tion but without using the usual cement and so arranged that the weight upon the foundation is much greater than it will be when the fort is completed since this plan was adopted the foundation immedi ately beneath tie walls has sett led nearly ten feet so that the port holes completed ire nearly on a level with the ocean at ligh water within the last year how ver the walls have not settled more than in inch and the work will probably soon ji recommenced and completed for this jerhaps 500,000 more will be required when completed it will contain five ran ges of port holes and about 250 guns of arge calibre effect of cannon balls mi iron steamers â€” at portsmouth some remarkable results have been produced by the experimental shot prac tice from the excellent on the iron steamer ruby and it is expected lhat the admiralty will in consequence stop the building of iron steam ers and other vessel for the present the shots which hit the ruby not enly penetrated the side first struck but in some instances passed thro the other side carrying with it whole plates of iron in aclion this would risk the total loss ofthe vessel for on heeling over to the leeward such a body of water must rush in that noth ing could prevent her sinking with till on board a representation ofthis important circumstance anting from the recent trials has been made to the admiralty ; and should further experi mental firing prove that serious ri.-k will be oc casioned to iron vessels of war when exposed to the chance of being truck by heavy shot it is doubtful if the board will not abolish thetu as men-of-war california â€” it is supposed that the government at washington has no other information respecting the action of our squadron on the coast of california than that which recently came to the british minister the union of monday night says â€” the events and prospects on the coast of california tire bright and cheering there is reason to believe that before this time the whole of that coast has been oc cupied by our squadron moatery is cer tainly taken and guimas and it is cer tain lhat the verba buena on the bay of san francisco was summoned by cap tain montgomery and it is believed to have been taken without any resistance whodar â€” it i truly amusing lo how dark the locofocos keep upon the sub ject ot the british tat ill tie people at be gining to realize its destructive influence upon business already and iho locofocos know this and fear the result it would not l,r ; strange if thev should pretend to be opposed lo it thev are already as much frightened at its ravages upon business as gumbo was by the fatal ravages of the cholera in 1832 it a an old story but we will repeat it for it applies well jumbo had been told of the havoc the cholera made among the intemperate and he was a no torious drunkard himself but he did not believe the storv anv more than ihe locos believed the injurious effects ot the tarifif bill it began lo be realized about borne then gumbo was or his knees at once and begged ihe cj er to spare bim dis one time and be would be tem perate ever afterwards a wag bearing the petition of gumbo for it was evening gave a ld knock at the door wbodar said urn bo the cholera replied the wag what he want ' wtsut gumbo gumbo immedi alelv blowed out bis candle with a whew and hurriedly replied no such dlgga her i at nigga been dead d.s two tree week dal s * de i-ufe de fac so the locos now the tin [ v tariff begins to be felt near iheir own - doers u keir alarm by keeping dark 1 - telling their friends it shall be repudiated no 5 sucbÂ°nigga here he been dead two tree - week bellows tall gazette

v i '...- o persch-rged 25 percent higher â– lts history,0^â„¢â„¢gf l tect10v and manufactlre h andtheiivterest0fitspr0*i from a col " * e ed/tor o t*e â– v_.i â– _â€ž/ int'llmeiieerj â– the objection urged against the tariff i is that trade is reciprocal and that con h sequent every cent of duty levied by us fl upon the foreign fabric of cotton import h ed into this country recoils upon the cot h ton grower who is compelled either to fl sell his cotton for so much less as the duty h takes from tbe profit ofthe manufacturer i r to withdraw from the foreign market h luch of the cotton as would be con h ed b that portion of the foreign fah-h ric which is substituted by the manufac-^b tares with which the duty levied enables h us to furnish ourselves at home the ar h gument sounds well and at first blush i convincing ; but we may readily find the fl reason whj practical results falsify so h well sounding a theory as in most ca i sea of reasoning a pee all the facts rel 1 evant to the issue are not brought before â– the mind those w bo urge this objection â– do not seem to have inquired into two ve h ry important matters of fact viz how-h tar the people of england are under i!i fl ssity of manufacturing cotton audi how far by reduction of duties in any wa bb bearing on the manufacture england sh capable of reducing the cost ofthe fabric.^h these objectors had even as many as fit 1 tit n or eighteen years ago falsely assum-^h ed tliat the cost of fabricating in england^b was reduced to its lowest rates we wiilh inquire into ihis branch of the subject^b more full presently nor do these same^b objectors seem to have looked into anoth-l er question of tact equally important andh tliat is whether our duties upon the im-h ported fabric have ever affected the a-h mount of american cotton consumed a-h broad but suppose for ihe sake of ar-h gument that the protective duty takt-sh from the cotton grower so much of theh foreign market for his raw cotton as itl affords home market for the domestic ma-h nufacture it is palpable that it would ath the same time give him a irnie market^h for fully the same amount of raw eotton.^h as it would be impossible for us to fabri-h cate without the raw material besides.^h this home market must be to the extent^h of it a much better one than the forcign.^h the great profits of our lactoi ies are notflh tl â– sheer fabrications of southern polni-h cians _ ou will pardon me lor saying^h but ihese politicians must lave a reah iicit of rate mail end to work upon at homeh or tiny vouia never send so gross a o-/;h ric from their political factories history proves that england the great^h cptton manufacturer has never taken oueh - ! the less of our cotton on account oh my fncreased protection of our own man-h ufactures nor one pound the more beh cause of any reduction of duties on ourh part she has gone on from year to yeai^h rapidly increasing the quantity of her con-^h sumption of our staple irrespective of ouiflh duties she seems to have acted uiuleih a stem necessity which impels her tm-h tier all circumstances to manufacture thish product of our soil and beg for admit-^h tance at our ports with fabrics of herh loom at any price these statements areh not loosely made 1 write from the ie-h cord and to substantiate my position re-b ler to the table respecting raw cotton lo be found in the national intelligencer h of september 8th taken chiefly from mc-h culloch himself the great champion offl ____ tree trade â– if it is asked why it is that the expan-^b sion of the manufacture of this article h has continued notwithstanding the con-h linual reduction of the price of the fabric ? h perhaps we will find the true answer part h ly in the rapid development of this cbun h try itself whose inexhaustible powers of i production act by means of the cotton h trade as a stimulus on the labor-craving h population of england which in its still h increasing demands for our raw material h reacts with voltaic energy upon the pro h ductive spirit of our people production h manufacture and consumption of the fa h brie have kept pace together as an onl i let for the swelling manufacture reducing i prices kept up a continually expanding h consumption and thus is explained the h difficult problem why production in theh midst of its almosl miraculous expansion i but slowly abated its extravagant profits fl as the improvements in machinery toge fl ther with the reducing prices of the raw i material enabled the manufacturer to i continue his reduction of price for the fa i brie so likewise the improvement in the i culture and the machinery for preparing i the raw material for market enabled the i planter to lop from his prices and preserve his gains but little impaired which still continued and to this day remain greater than those of any otherbranch of agri culture with perhaps the exception ofthe culture of sugar but 1 wish to show you by a plain his toric detail that this splendidly acting and reacting system between the manufactur er in england and the producer in amer ica would long since have ceased its won drous action but for the protective arm of american congress in 177 1 england repealed the statute which made it penal to manufacture any article veholly e>f cotton : and lrom lhat ime till 1806 levied a duty of 3d sterling poo every square yard manufactured in â€¢ tie realm in 1806 t his excise duly was jawed to 3.w per sejuare yard besides s excise duty an impost duty oi 9s id erl'mg per cw t was paid upon raw cot Â»â€¢â€¢ under the english tariff of 1787 which lst_raised t0 9 7-(1 under their tariff of e truly wise men of this country such the carolina watciim an bruner & james ) ' . " keep a check utoh all your hdilors of proprietors \ s safe . new series kclep.s do this __ llbekty ' " ' gen'l harrison j number 24 of volume iii c â€”â€”-__. v 1 salisbury n c friday october 9 1846 Â« as washington adams jefferson madi i son and after them even john c cal i lioun lowndes clay and a host of oth i ers saw at once how beneficial it would i be to the consumer of the fabric as also fl to the producer of the raw material if we i could but manufacture this cotton at home i and thus save from eight to ten dollars i per cwt on the cotton in the coarser fab i lies hence the protection of the earlier i administrations ; and hence among other i reasons the lively support which lowndes i and calhoun gave to the tariff of 1810 ; i and hence the frequent urging of this sub 1 ject upon the consideration of congress fl by madison and after bim by monroe â€” i our manufaclures had taken some hold h during the restrictive system of jefferson i and afterwards during the war but al i ter peace was restored the flooding impor i 1,1 oiks from england seemed likely '<>! overwhelm them in their infancy until i by the tariffs of 1824 and 1828 adequate i protection was given them now mark h the effect jackson in his first message h i believe it was adverts to the tariff offl 1828 and accounts for the singular failure in the prediction of its opponents respect i ing the prices of protected articles by theh extraordinary impetus given to manufac-^b tures thereby increasing them so much as^b actually to reduce the price notwithstan-^b ding the duty that mode of accountingh lor low prices under high duties was otni'lh and true and republican in jackson's mes-^b sage but in the nrmurhs of whigs now ill is false and absurd â€” aristocratic federal,^b british or any thing a demagogue ehoos-^b es to call it h now let us mark the effect of thissame^b " bill of abominations upon england atulh we will soon see what a lever we held upnnl her on this subject the great competi-^b tion with england which that bilf'raisedh in our domestic manufactures so reduced^b the price that the english manufacturers,^b in s2u and 1830 were compelled to com-h mence a system ol retrenchment and throwd^b out of employment a large number of la-l borers and such distress and consequent^b disquietude resulted from this course thatl if parliament had not interfered so as tol remove the cause of distress the en_lish^b government itself would in all probability have been overturned the manufactur-^b ers insisted on the striking off the excise^b duty of 3id pr square yard or they eouldl not compete with the american factories,^b and the necessity of the case compelled^b engbuid in 1831 to take off the excise dtityl entirely thus it is that the much-abuscd^b tariff of 1828 brought about a permanent^b reduction in the cost of the fabric in eng-^b land amounting to more than the present price per square yard of the coarse fab-l lies â€” which reduction has done more tol extend the consumption of cottons and t"l hold up the price of the raw material ihanl any one thing in the course of its history i shortly after this master result of our pol-^b icy which seems to have eluded the oh-h servation of our politicians in which mill 1 ions of revenue raised by england from h our staple were released our own ilis-h putes at home effected what england so b anxiously desired the tariff of 1832 i made almost every hempen article free of i duty and otherwise affected the duties on i manufactures ; and in 1833 the compro i mise act established wholly a new system i o duties which the same author mccul i loch hailed as the harbinger of prosperity i lo england indeed he exultingly declar i d that those modifications of the tariff i ad given a death blow to our manufac i tures but fortunately for the country i he destructive period of that act was just h before the close of its ten years continu h mice and we were not bound by the so â– t'limity of its pledge long to bleed under fl the cruel stab in 1832 the wound was i stanched but the whole politic wasinthe i very last stages of sinking yet see how i ike a charm with the returning smile ofl i fostering government life and activity i returns ami every industrial interest i springs to its feet again but the grum fl bling cotton planter like the elder brother fl in the parable ofthe prodigal son stands i all afar and refuses to join in the univer i sal joy upon his brother's return it seems fl to be the fate of southern politicians to be fl embarrassed with signal failure in all their i predictions they complained that this i tariff of 1812 would only cause england fl to lay countervailing duties and to shut tier ports in a measure against our pro juce ; but unfortunately tor their reputa tion as prophets and wise men the first thing we hear from england on the sub ject is that she has taken off the last pen h>y of duty upon cotton in order to sustain hand encourage the manufacture there like hwise here then is the remarkable spec htacle of two of the most powerful nations hon the globe rivalling each other in en the manufacture of a staple h lie producers of which profess to regard hthat encouragement by the nation which his foremost to act and compels its rival to hdo likewise the greatest curse which le hgislation can bring down upon them h what then have been the effects of â– our protective system on this staple in h america '. 1 by protective tariffs it was first plan flled here 2 by protective tariffs a home market bhas been built up for this staple of great ler importance than the english market h was twenty years ago ; for when the ta i riff of 1821 was passed the whole amount lÂ°i cotton manufactured in england was only 131,000.000 lbs and the whole ex i ported from the united states was 142 i 2-5 millions while last year 489,000 bales i were consumed by our manufactures i which at an average of 173 lbs per bale i amounts to upwards of 182.000,000 lbs i 3 by our protective dulies first the i english excise duty on the manufacture i and afterwards her impost duty on the i raw cotton have been removed as a i corollary from this proposition a perma i nent reduction in ihe price of the fabric i has been effected by the same cause so i that ihe cotton grower and the consumer i of the fabrics have been equally benefit i while these results in the operation of i that system were effected the manufac i ture of this staple in england has progress i ed with the increase ofthe crop in the u i states without respect to the duties laid i upon her fabrics i in this view of the subject and i believe i every word of this argument is sound and i based upon established facts i ask you b candidly to say is not the cotton planter i more indebted to protective duties than i any other man not excepting the matin i facturer himself ? i i have attempted to present this subject i in a new light by adverting to one impor i tant fact which had escaped the attention i of our peo])le if i have succeeded in i demonstrating the true effect of our pro i tective duties upon british legislation i i have brought to view a matter which de i mands the attentive consideration of states i men how far 1 have elucidated this sub h ject vou must judge h old virginia â– the subject of the new tariff is such i a fruitful theme with the democracy that h although we published articles last week i showing how false were their conclusions h as to its effect upon the flour and grain i market yet we beg to present this addi i tional one to our readers they will find i it very plain and clear and will see how i utterly unfounded are the reasonings and i conclusions of those who are accrediting i to the tariff of 40 every good effect up i on the markets h from the richmond times the british market i the unsettled effects of the recent in i telligence from england have set the de i mocratic journals very diligently to de h monstrating the admirable effects of free i trade their peculiar course of reason i ing may be stated in a few words thus i *' some weeks since it was asked by the i whig journals why agricultural produce i was so low they were told the tariff i of 1842 was in operation but since they i asked this question there has been a rise i in prices the tariff of 1842 is still in i operation but it is the tariff of 18 10 which h has had the effect thus whatever h is bad is due to the law of 1842 and i whatever is good is due to the tariff ol h 1846 or to put the case differently it'h flour one week falls five shillings a quar h ter it is the abominable system of protec h lion which causes it ; but if the next week h it rises five shillings why it is mr walk h pr's free trade which is to be blessed for h it but if flour should again in the third h week fall back five shillings we should h probably be called on to recollect that the h ariffof 1842 is still in operation and be i assured that it has caused the depression i this we submit as a fair sample of the i argumentation of our opponents about the i results of free trade their style is a per i feet thermometer ofthe markets and we i may always know whether price's are i bad or good as the laws of 1842 and i 1skj are alternately described as in the â– ascendant i the enquirer of yesterday falls very i much into this maimer of argument but i in one portion ofthe article expresses more i reasonable views : i " now we do not contend ays that paper i that the recent rise of agricultural products is i entirely owing to the revenue measures here i and in england we arc willing to give some i credit to the potato failure and lo the axiom i that prices depend upon the sit]>ply and demand i but we are just as confident that the more ex i tended our market the greater our demand i and more probable a rise in prices i it is something to gain a concession that i mr walker is not entitled to all the cred i it the absolute destruction of nearly all the food of the irish is at last admitted in democratic estimation to have a slight effect on prices and what is more impor tant the law of supply and demand is not wholly discarded from the enquirer's e conomy nor are we disposed to dispute the en quirer's axiom that " the more extended our market the greater our demand and more probable a rise in prices ho ever objected to the british opening their ports to american corn ? if the measure is to make their market available to us who is there that will not be pleased at it no whig we are sure has ever ar gued that the repeal of the corn laws would be prejudiced to our people unlpss they were allured by it into the adoption of unwise measures of their own what we have contended for is that the british measure conferred no manner of obliga tion on us : it was adopted from regard to british interests entirely ; and was based on no enlarged system of commercial re ciprocity but strictly on considerations offl internal policy ; in a word to give theh british laborer cheap bread we haveh maintained also that the advantage of theh british market is much over-estimated byh those who represent that it is to furnish ah permanent and reliable demand for ame-h rican corn and we regard this as un-h questionably established by the recent i fluctuations of that market corn wash exceedingly low notwithstanding the pre-h vious repeal of the corn laws and thecer-h tain success of our tariff bill until the as h certained failure of the potato crop andh the doubtful weather at the period of bar i vest spread an alarm about a scarcity of h provisions was it inquired whether the i american supply would not meet the de h ficiency i not at all prices immediately i rose because of the supposed insuflicien h cy of ihe british supply in another week i however although the ravages ofthe po h tato disease were more certainly ascer i tained the weather had proved to be un i expectedly favorable and the harvest ofl wheat was pronounced to be an average h one the natural effect of a fall in price i took place forthwith and we deem it as i yet entirely uncertain whether this fall i has not more than counterbalanced theh previous enhancement h these fluctuations we say prove that i the british demand docs not depend on i the foreign but on the domestic supply i and they show further that the british i market is not expected by its own deal i ers to furnish a very reliable demand for i the foreign supply fl so much for breadstuffs a slight ad i vance in cotton an article which we free i ly concede does find a most important i market in great britain which it found i just as efficiently long before the era of i free trade has been ver naturally caused i by the intelligence that the cotton crop is i to be a short one unlike the case of i wheat the demand for cotton depends on i the foreign supply and an expected dimi fl nutionof the supjily has produced a slight i advance in the price ; not by any means fl such an advance as the enquirer takes i for granted in adopting some statement of i a new york paper the enquirer asks i complacently if this advance is to be as i cribed like the rise in wheat to the potato i rot ? assuredly not but to ihe failure of i the cotton crop a deficiency in any kind i of provisions will produce a demand for i all kinds and a deficiency of cotton will produce a demand for cotton but we i doubt not it is as pertinent to attribute i the small enhancement of cotton to the j fl potato rot as to mr walker's tariff or to the repeal of the corn laws i but how is it with tobacco ? here is i another article not produced in england fl and for which the demand like that for fl cotton depends on the foreign supply â€” i unfortunately for our opponents tobacco fl continues to he more and more depressed fl in spite of mr walker and the tariff of fl 1846 the excellent circular from one of i the most respectable houses in liverpool fl which we were permitted by a house in i this city to copy in our yesterday's paper fl gives this unpromising account of the bri i tish tobacco market : i " the heavy stock of tobacco in europe the i large supplies still to come forward and the re i ported luxurious state of the growing crop in the i united states forbid expectation of a satisfac â– tory business in the article during the ensuing i season nor can any hope for future business he â– entertained until the culture of tobacco in the m united states be discouraged by unremunera i ting prices â€” a result which of necessity must m be near at hand i now gentle nen of the free trade school i why is it that your free trade does not im prove the prices of tobacco ? we pre sume we shall be told we ought not to expect any thing better as long as the ta riff of 1812 is in force but with wheat and cotton it is perfectly clear that the tariff of 1842 though in force is not work ing and that the beneficent act of 184g is the " full tide of successful experiment 1 j truly our free trade friends possess a won derful facility of accommodating their ar guments to circumstances . keep it before the people that mr lewis the democratic chair man of the senate committee on finance during the debate on the tariif bill stated that the 8th and 9th sections of that bill were both of them " substantially cop ies of a british statute long in operation keep it before the people that mr payne of alabama when ask ed how the country would get revenue re plied " easv enough â€” ice shall consume foreign goods instead of goods made at home 1 we shall derive a revenue of 8 100.000,000 if need be by importing five times as many as we now do ! ! " keep it before the people that mr mcduffie of south carolina in replying to mr webster made use of this extraordinory language :â€” " it was represented that the labor ofthe coun try would be effected by this bill that fs"aid mr mi'dullic contemptuously is but a small matter 1 ! " keep it before the people that senator cameron of pennsylva nia said of the new tariff if the bill i had been drawn by a british statesman f " . â€” â– â€” " â– it could not have discriminated more in fa i ror ./ bwns workmen 1 let the people remember that mr haywood the democratic sen ' ator from north carolina who resigned his seat sooner than vote for the tariff \ law of 1840 says in his address to the peo ' pie of north carolina that the tariff of ] 1840 is the first ever passed by our con ! grcss that discriminated against ameri ] can industry duty upon madeira wink we stated the duty upon madeira wine ' under the act of 1s42 to be go cents per gallon which is 50 per cent the constitutionalist admits our state ment to be correct but says under the i treaty of reciprocity with portugal the du . ty levied was only 7 a cents which is 5 per cent well then if a treaty makes it 5 percent don't charge the whigs with putting it at 5 per cent if a democratic ' secretary will place upon the treaty a construction not warranted in the opinion . of abie judges and put madeira wine at , a duty of 5 per cent for the sake of com , mon justice don't parade the duty in the | papers as the work ofthe whigs and put , by the side of it a duty of 10 per cent as , the work ofthe democrats if a demo ( cratic administration will construe the j treaty so as to defeat the whig duty of t 50 per cent perhaps it may do so to de ( feat the democratic duty of 40 per cent . why put a duty of 40 per cent upon , madeira wine in the act of 1s4g when j the secretary will not permit it to be en . forced ? was it put there to cheat the people [ and make them believe that the demo , cratswere willing to favor the poor while \ the whigs wished to oppress them i . the whigs put a duty of 50 per cent j upon madeira wine the democrats , charge them with putting a duty of 5 per . cent upon it while they were willing to , put one of 40 and now it turns out that t the 5 per cent duty is the work of a dem , ocratic secretary ! that is that much | only is collected by his construction of t the terms of a treaty with portugal to . whom the island of madeira belongs [ augusta sentinel , _______ , maine election â€” the boston atlas of thursday says : i our friends in maine did nobly at the second trial on monday thomaston for the first time almost within the memory of . man has elected whig reprasentatives ! ; this is almost equal to the election of a t whig in nobleborough and bremen bel . fast too redeemed and has elected hen . ry colburn whig by a handsome vote ' richmond and bowdoinham have each ( elected a whig lincoln county has done ' nobly and has already elected more whigs i even than old kennebec t " so far as we have returns the whigs j have elected thirty-six to twenty-seven ( locos and one liberty the classed towns do not vote again until a week from ! monday portland and bangor try again next monday i^he whig convention which met yes , lay at utica has nominated mr young { ivingston as a candidate for the ollice governor and hamilton fish esq of city for lieutenant governor he massachusetts whig convention t in boston yesterday and by acclama i nominated mr briggs for governor i mr reid for lieutenant governor y are the present able and esteemd in , nbents l disappointed pakty â€” the remnant of fifty four forties in the west are giving â€¢ t to their wrath in such manifestations as ;, which the ohio statesman the organ of locracy in ohio with some severe stric s of its own copies from the proceedings ol emocratic meeting in that state : ' resolved that president polk in his truck y to the south and his crouching to the wlings ofthe british lion has been guilty of inconsistency and treachery too base to be riven and a wrong dishonorable to the na n and has forfeited all claims to our conn ice and respect the south carolina papers are discuss ~ with some warmth the expediency of insferring the appointment ol presiden tl electors from the legislature to the oplp south carolina is the only state which ihe people are not permitted to te in a presidential election the larleston mercury warmly resists the oposed change it thinks that south irolina is now the best governed com onwealth in the union and it is cou nt to keep her so this may be the tact it no state in the union has a constitu n so thoroughly aristocratic in its pro sions and bv the operation of which the ill of the majority of the white popula on is so effectually paralyzed ihe state iav be for all this well governed ; but if be it only affords another illustration f the trilling'infiuence of " forms of gov rnment upon the prosperity and happi ess of a commonwealth improvement on the water wheel we had an opportunity last week of s pecting the model of an improved w it er wheel the discovery of a worthy cit en of kershaw district which promises o be one of the most important improve rnents in this kneÂ«ver given lothe public die improvement consists in a new mode of applying the power to the reaction wheel now generally in use by which a vast increase is given lothe motive pow er or by which a mill can be constructed itid worked with half the quantity of wa ter now required by ordinary mills the inventor mr.^manue parker has a mill constructed on ibis plan whose opepati have been witnessed by many ol our cit izens who pronounce it to be the greatest improvement on the water wheel vet dis covered mr parker has forwarded his model to \\ ashington to obtain a patent which no doubl will lie speedily granted it is but seldom that we have an opportu nity to record a southern invention of this nature as the numerous yankee i wheels throughout the sooth will amply prove we therefore feel some pride in testifying upon good authority to the su periority ofthis discovery to all others now in use we wish mr parker all the suc cess which be so richly deserves after fifteen month's study and labor he has at length the gratifi al ing the prac tical operation of his improvements which he telis us exceeds even his own antici pations with regard to it â€” camden jour nal the rip r i-s â€” the fortifications at the pip raps in hampton roads are about two miles from portress monroe thev > n dose a space of about three acres and nearly two millions have already been ex pended by the government in their con struction the water on tbe bar at ihe rip raps was at low water at the time the works were commenced from fifteen to twenty feet in depth and to form the foundation of the superstructure large blocks of granite v re sunk until the foundation some four acres or more in ex tent was formed the building of the fortification was then commenced and bad progressed to the height of perhaps fifteen i'cct when it was found that the foundation under the weight was sinking though so imperceptibly as at first to be scarcely noticeable the further construc tion ofthe work was in consequence post poned the first tier ol port holes having been completed the walls were then built up to the intended height with the granite blocks designed lor the fortifica tion but without using the usual cement and so arranged that the weight upon the foundation is much greater than it will be when the fort is completed since this plan was adopted the foundation immedi ately beneath tie walls has sett led nearly ten feet so that the port holes completed ire nearly on a level with the ocean at ligh water within the last year how ver the walls have not settled more than in inch and the work will probably soon ji recommenced and completed for this jerhaps 500,000 more will be required when completed it will contain five ran ges of port holes and about 250 guns of arge calibre effect of cannon balls mi iron steamers â€” at portsmouth some remarkable results have been produced by the experimental shot prac tice from the excellent on the iron steamer ruby and it is expected lhat the admiralty will in consequence stop the building of iron steam ers and other vessel for the present the shots which hit the ruby not enly penetrated the side first struck but in some instances passed thro the other side carrying with it whole plates of iron in aclion this would risk the total loss ofthe vessel for on heeling over to the leeward such a body of water must rush in that noth ing could prevent her sinking with till on board a representation ofthis important circumstance anting from the recent trials has been made to the admiralty ; and should further experi mental firing prove that serious ri.-k will be oc casioned to iron vessels of war when exposed to the chance of being truck by heavy shot it is doubtful if the board will not abolish thetu as men-of-war california â€” it is supposed that the government at washington has no other information respecting the action of our squadron on the coast of california than that which recently came to the british minister the union of monday night says â€” the events and prospects on the coast of california tire bright and cheering there is reason to believe that before this time the whole of that coast has been oc cupied by our squadron moatery is cer tainly taken and guimas and it is cer tain lhat the verba buena on the bay of san francisco was summoned by cap tain montgomery and it is believed to have been taken without any resistance whodar â€” it i truly amusing lo how dark the locofocos keep upon the sub ject ot the british tat ill tie people at be gining to realize its destructive influence upon business already and iho locofocos know this and fear the result it would not l,r ; strange if thev should pretend to be opposed lo it thev are already as much frightened at its ravages upon business as gumbo was by the fatal ravages of the cholera in 1832 it a an old story but we will repeat it for it applies well jumbo had been told of the havoc the cholera made among the intemperate and he was a no torious drunkard himself but he did not believe the storv anv more than ihe locos believed the injurious effects ot the tarifif bill it began lo be realized about borne then gumbo was or his knees at once and begged ihe cj er to spare bim dis one time and be would be tem perate ever afterwards a wag bearing the petition of gumbo for it was evening gave a ld knock at the door wbodar said urn bo the cholera replied the wag what he want ' wtsut gumbo gumbo immedi alelv blowed out bis candle with a whew and hurriedly replied no such dlgga her i at nigga been dead d.s two tree week dal s * de i-ufe de fac so the locos now the tin [ v tariff begins to be felt near iheir own - doers u keir alarm by keeping dark 1 - telling their friends it shall be repudiated no 5 sucbÂ°nigga here he been dead two tree - week bellows tall gazette