1.
Manitoba Liberal Party
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The Manitoba Liberal Party is a political party in Manitoba, Canada. Its roots can be traced to the late nineteenth-century, following the creation in 1870. Originally, there were no political parties in Manitoba, although many leading politicians were affiliated with parties that existed at the national level. In Manitobas first Legislative Assembly, the leader of the opposition was Edward Hay, not a party leader as such, he was still a leading voice for the newly transplanted Ontario Grit tradition. In 1874, Hay served as Minister of Public Works in the government of Marc-Amable Girard, during the 1870s, a Liberal network began to emerge in the city of Winnipeg. One of the key figures in this network was William Luxton, owner of the Manitoba Free Press newspaper, Luxton was not initially supportive of Premier Robert A. Davis, but endorsed the Davis ministry after brought John Norquay into cabinet. Luxton subsequently supported Davis and Norquay against Conservative Orangeman Thomas Scott, although the Davis administration was on favourable terms with federal Liberal Prime Minister Alexander Mackenzie, his successor Norquay was more closely aligned with the federal Conservatives. This was partly a matter of necessity, as a small province, Manitoba needed to be on favourable terms with whatever party was in power at the federal level. As such, when John A. Macdonalds Conservatives were returned to power in 1878, luxtons Liberal network supported Norquay against Scott in 1878 and 1879, but was subsequently marginalized by the Norquay government. In 1882, Norquay forged a new alliance with the provinces Conservatives, also in 1882, Thomas Greenway formed a new organization known as the Provincial Rights Party. Based in the rural areas, this group soon surpassed the Winnipeg Liberals as the dominant opposition to Norquay. After the election of 1883, Greenway united the opposition MLAs into the Manitoba Liberals, for the next 21 years, Greenways control over the party would be unchallenged. Greenways Liberals took power in 1888 and ended the Canadian Pacific Railways monopoly in the province, the Greenway governments most notable feat in office was curtailing the rights of Manitobas French Canadian population. English became the sole official language. Greenway was able to win large majorities in 1892 and 1896, after this was resolved in 1897, his government became increasingly directionless. The Liberals were defeated by the Manitoba Progressive Conservative Party in 1899, the Liberals were unable to regain their previous support base in the decade that followed. Greenway continued to lead the party through a disastrous 1903 campaign and he resigned in 1904 to run for federal office. Charles Mickle was chosen parliamentary leader on December 5,1904 and that convention acclaimed Edward Brown as the partys new leader

2.
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (Manitoba)
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The Cooperative Commonwealth Federation, known informally as the Manitoba CCF, was a provincial branch of the national Canadian party by the same name. The national CCF was the dominant social-democratic party in Canada from the 1930s to the early 1960s, the Manitoba CCF, created in 1932, played the same role at the provincial level. It was initially a small organization, and was supported by members of the Independent Labour Party, the ILP and CCF were brought into a formal alliance in 1933, despite misgivings from some in the former party. The ILP was the leading party in Manitoba prior to the CCFs formation. It had a support base in Winnipeg and other urban areas. The CCF was formed to bring labour and farm groups into the political camp. Some ILP members saw this as diluting their partys integrity, the provincial CCF had become stronger by 1936, and the ILPs candidates in that years provincial election were referred to as ILP-CCF. After the election, some disgruntled ILP members succeeded in temporarily disaffiliating the parties, pressure from David Lewis and J. S. Woodsworth brought about a quick realignment, but relations remained strained. At the start of World War II, the ILP and CCF were again in disagreement and this controversy contributed to the defeat of federal CCF MP Abraham Albert Heaps in the election of 1940. The CCF eventually gained control of the ILPs internal organization, the ILP formally disbanded in 1943. In late 1940, the ILP-CCF accepted an offer by Manitoba Premier John Bracken to become part of an all-party unity government. This decision was opposed by some leaders, but was supported by local figures such as Seymour Farmer. On November 4,1940, Farmer became the first socialist politician in Canadian history to attain cabinet rank, the CCFs experience in the coalition government was a disappointment to the party. The party leaders had hoped to use their influence to promote progressive labour legislation, instead, Farmer resigned from government in December 1942, and the CCF formally left the coalition in 1943. The CCFs time in government demoralized its membership, and hindered its electoral fortunes - voters elected only three CCF MLAs in 1941, for the next few years, the CCFs primary concern was preventing infiltration from Communists. Some figures in the LPP favoured cooperation with the CCF, the CCF leadership was opposed to this. Accusations of being Communist sympathizers would hinder the partys fortunes for years to come, in 1944, the national party was performing well in the polls and a CCF government was elected in neighbouring Saskatchewan. The Manitoba CCF hoped to repeat this success the following year and this failure was due in part to the provinces outdated electoral boundaries, which favoured rural ridings at the expense of the cities