The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protein Tat is known to be released from HIV-1-infected cells. We show that micromolar concentrations of Tat depolarized young rat and adult human… (More)

While activity-based rehabilitation is one of the most promising therapeutic approaches for spinal cord injury, the necessary components for optimal locomotor retraining have not yet been determined.… (More)

1. Extracellular recordings were made from 95 dorsal horn neurons in a sagittal slice preparation of rat spinal cord. Neurons were synaptically activated by electrical stimulation of the dorsal root… (More)

The majority of human spinal cord injuries involve gray matter loss from the cervical or lumbar enlargements. However, the deficits that arise from gray matter damage are largely masked by the severe… (More)