Some of the samples were also sequenced to determine the species of fungi from the plates and metagenomic analysis was done on biofilm samples from the rubber seal on the dishwashers. They found a number of opportunistic human fungal pathogens colonized the inside of dishwashers and other surfaces, and propose that water may be a vector for spreading fungal contamination in kitchens.

Table 3 in ZupanÄiÄ et al.

Black yeast was actually not found on any of the dishes that were run through the dishwashers before being swabbed. Rather, it was found in biofilms on the rubber seal of the machine. Indeed, kitchens with a dishwasher were found to have a higher incidence of black yeast contamination than kitchens without a dishwasher. They propose that this may occur because hot aerosols containing black yeast released immediately after opening dishwashers then disperse across kitchen surfaces.