Zotero Bibliography Guidelines

Zotero data entry guidelines (valid for all HLCES projects)

When adding titles to the EthioStudies Group bibliography please
make sure you follow the rules:

Make sure that the entry is not there already. And make sure
that you choose the correct publication type (Journal article,
Encyclopedia article, etc.). For papers in Conference proceedings
- use "Book section" in Zotero, do not use
"Conference paper" as the publication type as then you
cannot enter series number and some other things in the mask.

The titles must be quoted in full (not abbreviated), in the way
they appear on the frontispiece. All diacritics must be
preserved.

Titles in English should use maximal capitalization (i.e.
capitalize every words apart from articles and conjunctions),
unless the title is not originally in upper case, then follow the
capitalization as it appears on the book cover. Titles in
languages other than English should use minimal capitalization
(i.e. capitalize only the words which must be capitalized
according to the rules of the language in question, e.g. nouns in
German).

The first word of subtitles should always be capitalized.

The following punctuation should be used in titles:

The punctuation of the original title must be preserved.

A colon (:) should be used between the main title and a
subtitle.

If more subtitles are present, they should be divided by a
comma and capitalized.

For titles in Ethiopic provide the original in fidäl, the
scientific transcription in brackets and the translation into
English.

For titles in scripts other than Ethiopic (Arabic, Cyrillic,
etc.), provide the scientific transcription and translation only
(i.e. not the title in the original script).

A translation in English is necessary for titles in any
language apart from the three in which Aethiopica accepts
publications (Italian, French and German).

Pay attention not to incorporate in the title elements that do
not belong to it, e.g. information such as ‘edited and translated
by’.

Journal names are quoted using only the 'main' name, i.e.
Aethiopica, not Aethiopica. International Journal of Ethiopian and
Eritrean Studies.

The names of all authors, editors and translators must be
provided - in full and as they appear on the book. Make sure that
you enter editors as editors and authors as authors, not e.g.
editors as authors in the mask.

NOTE: Because of the HLCE style, if the SAME person is editor,
author and translator you need to insert their name in the Zotero mask
under EACH of their roles, otherwise the record will not appear
correctly once extracted. For instance: Colin, G. 1986.
Le Synaxaire éthiopien, Mois de
maskaram, ed., tr. G. Colin, Patrologia Orientalis, 43/3 (195)
(Turnhout: Brepols, 1986). In Zotero, Colin's name needs to be
inserted in the fields: author, editor and translator.

For the names of the authors/editors, Zotero has the option to
choose between the “Surname, First name” and simply “Name” (one
field) form. Make sure that you use 2 fields for occidental names,
and the 1-field mode for oriental (Ethiopian) names. You can
switch between the options clicking on the field to the right of
the name.

If the name of the authors is not given and not known, use
Anon. instead of the author's name.

If the name of the authors is not given on the publication but
is known through other sources, the name may be given in square
brackets.

Author's names in Zotero should be given in full as they appear
on the publication, but if the full first name is not available
please provide the initials as given on the book with full points
AND divided by a space (e.g. 'Mudimbe, V. Y.' and NOT 'Mudimbe, V
Y' OR 'Mudimbe, V.Y.' Titular prefixes (Sir, Revd, Dr, Captain,
etc.) are not needed unless their removal would mislead the
reader.

NOTE: The name of the person(s) appearing on the book should be
treated consistently with what was the author's and publisher's
intention: a person should be marked as an editor or a translator only
if this is explicitly written on the book cover and not because the
text is in our opinion an edition.

In a multi-volume publication, each volume is a separate entry,
DO NOT merge volumes in one entry. Same is valid for article
series. Each separately printed piece is a separate Zotero entry.
Each volume gets a SEPARATE TAG.

Each discrete printed entity that potentially may be quotable
separately is a separate Zotero entry. Meaning a collection
(Festschrift, Conference proceedings etc etc) get separate entries
as "Books", and each article in the collection gets its
own entry as "Book section". In electronic publications,
both the book and each chapter get independent DOIs.

Same applies to articles consisting of sub-articles written by
different authors: the group article is an entry, but also each
sub-article by a different author is an entry of its own.

In case of multiple reprints: always provide and primarily
quote the first version. Note that e.g. with CSCO the older series
volumes are not printed with Peeters in Louvain, and have
different series numbers – the original series numbers (Ser. II,
**), publication place (most often Parisiis), publisher and year
must be provided. All later reprints (Louvain, in the 1960s, with
the usual CSCO/SAe numbers) are separate, additional, Zotero
entries.

If you import citations from an online source (e.g.
worldcat.org or JSTOR) make sure that they are correctly imported
and complete, Never import from
specific library catalogues as you may inherit too many mistakes
and you risk to import a compilation created only in that specific
library and actually not existing elsewhere. Do not import any
library-specific data like shelfmarks, buildings, etc.

Always provide the series (full title) and the series number
when they exist. For series+subseries combinations, the subseries
has to go with the series number (e.g. Series: Corpus Scriptorium
Christianorum Orientalium, Series Number: 552, Scriptores
Aethiopici, 101).

Always provide the place of the publisher – in the FORM THEY
APPEAR ON THE COVER – i.e. for old books e.g. “Lugduni Batavorum”
and NOT “Leiden”

When no place of publication is given, use n.p. instead (it
means 'no place')

Abbreviations in city’s and states name are written without
full point and without space in British English, e.g. Washington
DC not Washington D.C. or Washington D. C. or Washington, DC USA
not U.S.A or U. S. A.

Always provide the publisher in the form he appears on the
cover (e.g. “Ex officina Danielis & Abrahami à Gaesbeeck” and
not simply “Daniel & Abraham” as modern catalogues may
list)

If the name of the publisher is in another script, e.g. fidäl
or Arabic, provide the name using the scientific transcription and
not the name in the original script or an English translation
(e.g. Täsfa Gäbrä Śǝllase mattämiya bet and NOT በተስፋ ገብረ ሥላሴ ማተሚያ
ቤት or Täsfa Gäbrä Śǝllase Press).

If the name of the publisher is not given on the publication,
use n.pub. instead (it means 'no publisher')

If the publication date is not given, please use n.d. (no
date).

Most books can be found in HLCES/AAI/Stabi – check the physical
books. Some older books can be found on Googlebooks and/or
Archives, and articles on JSTOR and other repositories. In cases
when the publication is available online add URL/DOI in Zotero
mask.

For related publications (translations, reprints, etc): you can
establish relations with Zotero.

Use Roman numbers for specific volume number for
"Books" and Arabic numbers for volumes/issues for
Journals. Filling out the "# of Volume" field is not
requested, if you fill it out use Arabic number. Also "# of
pages".

In case of 2nd/3rd etc edition: use the "Edition"
field, write in English only in this field, also for the books in
other languages (i.e. if the book says "Zweite Auflage"
you write "2nd edition).

If the publisher cites more cities of publication, these can be
included in the bibliographic record separated by an n rule, e.g.
'Urbana–Chicago: University of Illinois Press'

If there are more than one publisher involved and operating in
the same city, then the publishers’ name should be divided by an n
rule, e.g. 'Addis Ababa: CFEE–Institute of Ethiopian Studies'.

If more publishers and more places of publication are involved,
these are separated by , (comma). E.g. 'London: James Currey,
Athens: Ohio University Press, Addis Ababa: Addis Ababa University
Press'.

When the printing year on the book is expressed in a non-Common
Era calendar, then both years should be recorded: for instance,
for a book published in Ethiopia in 1982 EC = 1989/1990 CE write
in the field date '1989/1990' and in extra '1982 EC'

Please note that Zotero extraction of this type of records is
not perfect, but the bibliography tool will fix this for you.

The abbreviations to be used are EC for Ethiopian Calendar and
H for Hegira.

For bibliographic records in which the editorial and publishing
years are different, the editorial year is used as the point of
reference, as easier to define. E.g. Löfgren, O. 1962.
‘Äthiopische Wandamulette’, Orientalia Suecana, 11 (1962, pub.
1963), 95–120. Both sets of information need to be input in
Zotero, with the editorial year (1962) given under 'Date' and the
publishing year given under 'Extra' as 'pub. 1963'.

If you have a date across two years like 2011-2012, please
enter it both in the date filed as is and in extra with the
following syntax: "issued: 2011/2012" This will ensure
that both results printed with the HLZ styles from standalone and
API will be correct.

Do not forget to test via the "export" function that
the titles appear the way you would want to see them in a
publishable bibliography. For quoting in publications of the
HLCES: use the Hiob Ludolf Centre for Ethiopian Studies style
provided in Zotero repository
(https://www.zotero.org/styles?q=hiob%20) – when you export your
bibliography with this style make sure it corresponds to the
appearance foreseen by the guidelines (e.g. here:
https://www.aai.uni-hamburg.de/en/comst/publications/bulletin.html)
- if not, maybe something is entered wrongly.

NB: when creating tags note that these may be only ASCII
alphanumeric combinations, do not use diacritical symbols (umlauts
etc.)

superscripts and subscripts should use
<sup>↗ and
<sub>↗, as described here.
https://www.zotero.org/support/kb/rich_text_bibliography these can
be used also for cases in which the title contains formatting

EACH Encyclopaedia entry must have volume and short title
indicated if you want to get the correct citation style for
Aethiopica. eg. ‘Mikaʾel Sǝḥul’, EAe, III (2007), 962b–964b (J.
Abbink)

Do not upload PDFs in the group bibliography. If they are
necessary to substantiate your bibliographic entry, then please
add a note to explain what is in the pdf which provides evidence
for the decisions taken in entering the data in the record and
perhaps inform on the PDF availability.

If your entry is to be used in BetaMasaheft or Dillmann Online,
then you need to add a tag with this format and using only latin
alphabet letters

bm:AuthorYYYYkeyword

Please make sure this contains no
special characters, umlaut, underdots and other combining
diacritics, only digits and latin characters. To check that this
is unique, after saving the record in Zotero, click on the tag and
check that only one item has this tag. If not, change the keyword of
the tag just assigned.

Please do not change existing tags, as they probably already have been used in Beta maṣāḥǝft or Dillmann.
Small inconsistencies and typos in tags can be ignored.