Page No 244:

Question 1:

2 cubes each of volume 64 cm3 are joined end to end. Find the surface area of the resulting cuboids.

Answer:

Given that,

Volume of cubes = 64 cm3

(Edge) 3 = 64

Edge = 4 cm

If cubes are joined end to end, the dimensions of the resulting cuboid will be 4 cm, 4 cm, 8 cm.

[[VIDEO:14302]]

Page No 244:

Question 2:

A vessel is in the form of a hollow hemisphere mounted by a hollow cylinder. The diameter of the hemisphere is 14 cm and the total height of the vessel is 13 cm. Find the inner surface area of the vessel.

Answer:

It can be observed that radius (r) of the cylindrical part and the hemispherical part is the same (i.e., 7 cm).

Height of hemispherical part = Radius = 7 cm

Height of cylindrical part (h) = 13 −7 = 6 cm

Inner surface area of the vessel = CSA of cylindrical part + CSA of hemispherical part

Page No 244:

Question 3:

A toy is in the form of a cone of radius 3.5 cm mounted on a
hemisphere of same radius. The total height of the toy is 15.5 cm.
Find the total surface area of the toy.

Answer:

It can be observed that the radius of the conical part and the
hemispherical part is same (i.e., 3.5 cm).

Height of hemispherical part = Radius (r) = 3.5 =
cm

Height of conical part (h) = 15.5 −3.5 = 12 cm

Total surface area of toy = CSA of conical part + CSA of
hemispherical part

Page No 244:

Question 4:

A cubical block of side 7 cm is surmounted by a hemisphere. What
is the greatest diameter the hemisphere can have? Find the surface
area of the solid.

Answer:

From the figure, it can be observed that the greatest diameter
possible for such hemisphere is equal to the cube’s edge, i.e.,
7cm.

Radius (r) of hemispherical part =
= 3.5cm

Total surface area of solid = Surface area of cubical part + CSA
of hemispherical part

− Area of base of hemispherical part

= 6 (Edge)2−
= 6 (Edge)2 +

Page No 244:

Question 5:

A hemispherical
depression is cut out from one face of a cubical wooden block such
that the diameter l of the hemisphere is equal to the edge of
the cube. Determine the surface area of the remaining solid.

Answer:

Diameter of hemisphere = Edge of cube = l

Radius of hemisphere =

Total surface area of solid = Surface area of cubical part + CSA of
hemispherical part

−
Area of base of hemispherical part

=
6 (Edge)2−
= 6 (Edge)2 +

Page No 244:

Question 6:

A medicine capsule is in the shape of cylinder with two
hemispheres stuck to each of its ends (see the given figure). The
length of the entire capsule is 14 mm and the diameter of the capsule
is 5 mm. Find its surface area.

Answer:

It can be observed that

Radius (r) of cylindrical part = Radius (r) of
hemispherical part

Length of cylindrical part (h) = Length of the entire
capsule − 2 × r

= 14 − 5 = 9 cm

Surface area of capsule = 2×CSA of hemispherical part + CSA
of cylindrical part

Page No 245:

Question 7:

A tent is in the shape of a cylinder surmounted by a conical top. If the height and diameter of the cylindrical part are 2.1 m and 4 m respectively, and the slant height of the top is 2.8 m, find the area of the canvas used for making the tent. Also, find the cost of the canvas of the tent at the rate of Rs 500 per m2. (Note that the base of the tent will not be covered with canvas.)

Answer:

Given that,

Height (h) of the cylindrical part = 2.1 m

Diameter of the cylindrical part = 4 m

Radius of the cylindrical part = 2 m

Slant height (l) of conical part = 2.8 m

Area of canvas used = CSA of conical part + CSA of cylindrical part

Cost of 1 m2 canvas = Rs 500

Cost of 44 m2 canvas = 44 × 500 = 22000

Therefore, it will cost Rs 22000 for making such a tent.
[[VIDEO:14304]]

Page No 245:

Question 8:

From a solid cylinder whose height is 2.4 cm and diameter 1.4 cm, a conical cavity of the same height and same diameter is hollowed out. Find the total surface area of the remaining solid to the nearest cm2.

Answer:

Given that,

Height (h) of the conical part = Height (h) of the cylindrical part = 2.4 cm

Diameter of the cylindrical part = 1.4 cm

Therefore, radius (r) of the cylindrical part = 0.7 cm

Total surface area of the remaining solid will be

= CSA of cylindrical part + CSA of conical part + Area of cylindrical base

The total surface area of the remaining solid to the nearest cm2 is 18 cm2.

Page No 245:

Question 9:

A wooden article was made by scooping out a hemisphere from each end of a solid cylinder, as shown in given figure. If the height of the cylinder is 10 cm, and its base is of radius 3.5 cm, find the total surface area of the article.

Answer:

Surface area of article = CSA of cylindrical part + 2 × CSA of hemispherical part

Page No 247:

Question 1:

A solid is in the shape of a cone standing on a hemisphere with both their radii being equal to 1 cm and the height of the cone is equal to its radius. Find the volume of the solid in terms of π.

Answer:

Given that,

Height (h) of conical part = Radius(r) of conical part = 1 cm

Radius(r) of hemispherical part = Radius of conical part (r) = 1 cm

Volume of solid = Volume of conical part + Volume of hemispherical part

Page No 247:

Question 2:

Rachel, an engineering student, was asked to make a model shaped like a cylinder with two cones attached at its two ends by using a thin aluminum sheet. The diameter of the model is 3 cm and its length is 12 cm. if each cone has a height of 2 cm, find the volume of air contained in the model that Rachel made. (Assume the outer and inner dimensions of the model to be nearly the same.)

Answer:

From the figure, it can be observed that

Height (h1) of each conical part = 2 cm

Height (h2) of cylindrical part = 12 − 2 × Height of conical part

= 12 − 2 ×2 = 8 cm

Radius (r) of cylindrical part = Radius of conical part =

Volume of air present in the model = Volume of cylinder + 2 × Volume of cones

Page No 248:

Question 3:

A gulab jamun, contains
sugar syrup up to about 30% of its volume. Find approximately how
much syrup would be found in 45 gulab jamuns, each shaped like a
cylinder with two hemispherical ends with length 5 cm and diameter
2.8 cm (see the given figure).

Answer:

It can be observed that

Radius (r) of
cylindrical part = Radius (r) of hemispherical part =

Length of each
hemispherical part = Radius of hemispherical part = 1.4 cm

Length (h) of
cylindrical part = 5 − 2 × Length of hemispherical part

= 5 −
2 × 1.4 = 2.2 cm

Volume of one gulab
jamun = Vol. of cylindrical part + 2 × Vol. of hemispherical
part

Volume of 45 gulab
jamuns =
=
1,127.25 cm3

Volume of sugar syrup =
30% of volume

Page No 248:

Question 4:

A pen stand made of wood is in the shape of a cuboid with four conical depressions to hold pens. The dimensions of the cuboids are 15 cm by 10 cm by 3.5 cm. The radius of each of the depressions is 0.5 cm and the depth is 1.4 cm. Find the volume of wood in the entire stand (see the following figure).

Answer:

Depth (h) of each conical depression = 1.4 cm

Radius (r) of each conical depression = 0.5 cm

Volume of wood = Volume of cuboid − 4 × Volume of cones

Page No 248:

Question 5:

A vessel is in the form of an inverted cone. Its height is 8 cm
and the radius of its top, which is open, is 5 cm. It is filled with
water up to the brim. When lead shots, each of which is a sphere of
radius 0.5 cm are dropped into the vessel, one-fourth of the water
flows out. Find the number of lead shots dropped in the vessel.

Answer:

Height (h) of conical vessel = 8 cm

Radius (r1) of conical vessel = 5 cm

Radius (r2) of lead shots = 0.5 cm

Let n number of lead shots were dropped in the vessel.

Volume of water spilled = Volume of dropped lead shots

Hence, the number of lead shots dropped in the vessel is 100.

Page No 248:

Question 6:

A solid iron pole
consists of a cylinder of height 220 cm and base diameter 24 cm,
which is surmounted by another cylinder of height 60 cm and radius 8
cm. Find the mass of the pole, given that 1 cm3 of iron
has approximately 8 g mass. [Use π = 3.14]

Answer:

From the figure, it can
be observed that

Height (h1)
of larger cylinder = 220 cm

Radius (r1)
of larger cylinder =
=
12 cm

Height (h2)
of smaller cylinder = 60 cm

Radius (r2)
of smaller cylinder = 8 cm

Mass of 1iron
= 8 g

Mass of 111532.8iron
= 111532.8 × 8 = 892262.4 g = 892.262 kg

Page No 248:

Question 7:

A solid consisting of a right circular cone of height 120 cm and
radius 60 cm standing on a hemisphere of radius 60 cm is placed
upright in a right circular cylinder full of water such that it
touches the bottom. Find the volume of water left in the cylinder, if
the radius of the cylinder is 60 cm and its height is 180 cm.

Answer:

Radius (r) of hemispherical part = Radius (r) of
conical part = 60 cm

Height (h2) of conical part of solid = 120 cm

Height (h1) of cylinder = 180 cm

Radius (r) of cylinder = 60 cm

Volume of water left = Volume of cylinder − Volume of solid

Page No 248:

Question 8:

A spherical glass vessel has a cylindrical neck 8 cm long, 2 cm in diameter; the diameter o the spherical part is 8.5 cm. By measuring the amount of water it holds, a child finds its volume to be 345 cm3. Check whether she is correct, taking the above as the inside measurements, and π = 3.14.

Answer:

Height (h) of cylindrical part = 8 cm

Radius (r2) of cylindrical part = cm

Radius (r1) spherical part =

Volume of vessel = Volume of sphere + Volume of cylinder

Hence, she is wrong.

Page No 251:

Question 1:

A metallic sphere of radius 4.2 cm is melted and recast into the
shape of a cylinder of radius 6 cm. Find the height of the cylinder.

Answer:

Radius (r1) of hemisphere = 4.2 cm

Radius (r2) of cylinder = 6 cm

Let the height of the cylinder be h.

The object formed by recasting the hemisphere will be the same in
volume.

Volume of sphere = Volume of cylinder

Hence, the height of the cylinder so formed will be 2.74 cm.

Page No 251:

Question 2:

Metallic spheres of radii 6 cm, 8 cm, and 10 cm, respectively, are melted to form a single solid sphere. Find the radius of the resulting sphere.

Answer:

Radius (r1) of 1st sphere = 6 cm

Radius (r2) of 2nd sphere = 8 cm

Radius (r3) of 3rd sphere = 10 cm

Let the radius of the resulting sphere be r.

The object formed by recasting these spheres will be same in volume as the sum of the volumes of these spheres.

Volume of 3 spheres = Volume of resulting sphere

Therefore, the radius of the sphere so formed will be 12 cm.

Page No 251:

Question 3:

A 20 m deep well with diameter 7 m is dug and the earth from
digging is evenly spread out to form a platform 22 m by 14 m. Find
the height of the platform.

Answer:

The shape of the well will be cylindrical.

Depth (h) of well = 20 m

Radius (r) of circular end of well =

Area of platform = Length × Breadth = 22 × 14 m2

Let height of the platform = H

Volume of soil dug from the well will be equal to the volume of
soil scattered on the platform.

Volume of soil from well = Volume of soil used to make such
platform

Therefore, the height of such platform will be 2.5 m.

Page No 251:

Question 4:

A well of diameter 3 m is dug 14 m deep. The earth taken out of it
has been spread evenly all around it in the shape of a circular ring
of width 4 m to form an embankment. Find the height of the
embankment.

Answer:

The shape of the well will be cylindrical.

Depth (h1) of well = 14 m

Radius (r1) of the circular end of well =

Width of embankment = 4 m

From the figure, it can be observed that our embankment will be in
a cylindrical shape having outer radius (r2) as
and
inner radius (r1) as.

Let the height of embankment be h2.

Volume of soil dug from well = Volume of earth used to form
embankment

Therefore, the height of the embankment will be 1.125 m.

Page No 251:

Question 5:

A container shaped like a right circular cylinder having diameter
12 cm and height 15 cm is full of ice cream. The ice cream is to be
filled into cones of height 12 cm and diameter 6 cm, having a
hemispherical shape on the top. Find the number of such cones which
can be filled with ice cream.

Therefore, 10 ice-cream cones can be filled with the ice-cream in
the container.

Page No 251:

Question 6:

How many silver coins, 1.75 cm in diameter and of thickness 2 mm,
must be melted to form a cuboid of dimensions?

Answer:

Coins are cylindrical in shape.

Height (h1) of cylindrical coins = 2 mm = 0.2 cm

Radius (r) of circular end of coins =

Let n coins be melted to form the required cuboids.

Volume of n coins = Volume of cuboids

Therefore, the number of coins melted to form such a cuboid is
400.

Page No 252:

Question 7:

A cylindrical bucket, 32 cm high and with radius of base 18 cm, is
filled with sand. This bucket is emptied on the ground and a conical
heap of sand is formed. If the height of the conical heap is 24 cm.
Find the radius and slant height of the heap.

Answer:

Height (h1) of cylindrical bucket = 32 cm

Radius (r1) of circular end of bucket = 18 cm

Height (h2) of conical heap = 24 cm

Let the radius of the circular end of conical heap be r2.

The volume of sand in the cylindrical bucket will be equal to the
volume of sand in the conical heap.

Volume of sand in the cylindrical bucket = Volume of sand in
conical heap

r2 =
=
36 cm

Slant height =

Therefore, the radius and slant height of the conical heap are 36
cm and
respectively.

Page No 252:

Question 8:

Water in canal, 6 m wide and 1.5 m deep, is flowing with a speed
of 10 km/h. how much area will it irrigate in 30 minutes, if 8 cm of
standing water is needed?

Let the irrigated area be A. Volume of water irrigating the
required area will be equal to the volume of water that flowed in 30
minutes from the canal.

Vol. of water flowing in 30 minutes from canal = Vol. of water
irrigating the reqd. area

A = 562500 m2

Therefore, area irrigated in 30 minutes is 562500 m2.

Page No 252:

Question 9:

A farmer connects a pipe of internal diameter 20 cm form a canal
into a cylindrical tank in her field, which is 10 m in diameter and 2
m deep. If water flows through the pipe at the rate of 3 km/h, in how
much time will the tank be filled?

Answer:

Consider an area of cross-section of pipe as shown in the figure.

Radius (r1) of circular end of pipe =

Area of cross-section =

Speed of water = 3 km/h =

Volume of water that flows in 1 minute from pipe = 50 ×=
0.5π m3

Volume of water that flows in t minutes from pipe = t
× 0.5π m3

Radius (r2) of circular end of cylindrical tank
=
m

Depth (h2) of cylindrical tank = 2 m

Let the tank be filled completely in t minutes.

Volume of water filled in tank in t minutes is equal to the
volume of water flowed in t minutes from the pipe.

Volume of water that flows in t minutes from pipe = Volume
of water in tank

t × 0.5π = π ×(r2)2
×h2

t × 0.5 = 52 ×2

t = 100

Therefore, the cylindrical tank will be filled in 100 minutes.

Page No 257:

Question 1:

A drinking glass is in
the shape of a frustum of a cone of height 14 cm. The diameters of
its two circular ends are 4 cm and 2 cm. Find the capacity of the
glass.

Answer:

Radius (r1) of

Radius (r2) of

Capacity of glass = Volume of frustum of cone

Therefore, the capacity of the glass is.

Page No 257:

Question 2:

The slant height of a frustum of a cone is 4 cm and the perimeters (circumference) of its circular ends are 18 cm and 6 cm. find the curved surface area of the frustum.

Answer:

Perimeter of upper circular end of frustum = 18 cm

2πr1 =18

Perimeter of lower end of frustum = 6 cm

2πr2 = 6

Slant height (l) of frustum = 4 cm

CSA of frustum = π (r1 + r2) l

Therefore, the curved surface area of the frustum is 48 cm2.

Page No 257:

Question 3:

A fez, the cap used by the Turks, is shaped like the frustum of a cone (see the figure given below). If its radius on the open side is 10 cm, radius at the upper base is 4 cm and its slant height is 15 cm, find the area of material use for making it.

Answer:

Radius (r2) at upper circular end = 4 cm

Radius (r1) at lower circular end = 10 cm

Slant height (l) of frustum = 15 cm

Area of material used for making the fez = CSA of frustum + Area of upper circular end

= π (10 + 4) 15 + π (4)2

= π (14) 15 + 16 π

Therefore, the area of material used for making it is.

Page No 257:

Question 4:

A container, opened from the top and made up of a metal sheet, is in the form of a frustum of a cone of height 16 cm with radii of its lower and upper ends as 8 cm and 20 cm respectively. Find the cost of the milk which can completely fill the container, at the rate of Rs.20 per litre. Also find the cost of metal sheet used to make the container, if it costs Rs.8 per 100 cm2. [Take π = 3.14]

Answer:

Radius (r1) of upper end of container = 20 cm

Radius (r2) of lower end of container = 8 cm

Height (h) of container = 16 cm

Slant height (l) of frustum =

Capacity of container = Volume of frustum

Cost of 1 litre milk = Rs 20

Cost of 10.45 litre milk = 10.45 × 20

= Rs 209

Area of metal sheet used to make the container

= π (20 + 8) 20 + π (8)2

= 560 π + 64 π = 624 π cm2

Cost of 100 cm2 metal sheet = Rs 8

Therefore, the cost of the milk which can completely fill the container is

Rs 209 and the cost of metal sheet used to make the container is Rs 156.75.

Page No 257:

Question 5:

A metallic right
circular cone 20 cm high and whose vertical angle is 60°
is cut into two parts at the middle of its height by a plane parallel
to its base. If the frustum so obtained is drawn into a wire of
diameter
cm,
find the length of the wire.

Answer:

In ΔAEG,

In ΔABD,

Radius (r1)
of upper end of frustum =
cm

Radius (r2) of lower end of container =

Height (h) of container = 10 cm

Volume of frustum

Radius (r) of wire =

Let the length of wire be l.

Volume of wire = Area of cross-section × Length

=
(πr2) (l)

Volume of frustum = Volume of wire

Page No 258:

Question 1:

A copper wire, 3 mm in diameter, is wound about a cylinder whose
length is 12 cm, and diameter 10 cm, so as to cover the curved
surface of the cylinder. Find the length and mass of the wire,
assuming the density of copper to be 8.88 g per cm3.

Answer:

It can be observed that 1 round of wire will cover 3 mm height of
cylinder.

Length of wire required in 1 round = Circumference of base of
cylinder

= 2πr = 2π × 5 = 10π

Length of wire in 40 rounds = 40 × 10π

= 1257.14 cm = 12.57 m

Radius of wire

Volume of wire = Area of cross-section of wire × Length of
wire

= π(0.15)2 × 1257.14

= 88.898 cm3

Mass = Volume × Density

= 88.898 × 8.88

= 789.41 gm

Page No 258:

Question 2:

A right triangle whose sides are 3 cm and 4 cm (other than
hypotenuse) is made to revolve about its hypotenuse. Find the volume
and surface area of the double cone so formed. (Choose value of π
as found appropriate.)

Answer:

The double cone so formed by revolving this right-angled triangle
ABC about its hypotenuse is shown in the figure.

Hypotenuse

=
5 cm

Area of ΔABC

Volume of double cone = Volume of cone 1 + Volume of cone 2

= 30.14 cm3

Surface area of double cone = Surface area of cone 1 + Surface
area of cone 2

= πrl1 + πrl2

= 52.75 cm2

Page No 258:

Question 3:

A cistern, internally measuring 150 cm × 120 cm × 110
cm, has 129600 cm3 of water in it. Porous bricks are
placed in the water until the cistern is full to the brim. Each brick
absorbs one-seventeenth of its own volume of water. How many bricks
can be put in without overflowing the water, each brick being 22.5 cm
× 7.5 cm × 6.5 cm?

Answer:

Volume of cistern = 150 × 120 × 110

= 1980000 cm3

Volume to be filled in cistern = 1980000 − 129600

= 1850400 cm3

Let n numbers of porous bricks were placed in the cistern.

Volume of n bricks = n × 22.5 × 7.5 ×
6.5

= 1096.875n

As each brick absorbs one-seventeenth of its volume, therefore,
volume absorbed by these bricks

n = 1792.41

Therefore, 1792 bricks were placed in the cistern.

Page No 258:

Question 4:

In one fortnight of a given month, there was a rainfall of 10 cm in a river valley. If the area of the valley is 7280 km2, show that the total rainfall was approximately equivalent to the addition to the normal water of three rivers each 1072 km long, 75 m wide and 3 m deep.

Answer:

Area of the valley = 7280 km2

If there was a rainfall of 10 cm in the valley then amount of rainfall in the valley = Area of the valley × 10 cm

Thus, the total rainfall is approximately same as the volume of the three rivers.

Page No 258:

Question 5:

An oil funnel made of tin sheet consists of a 10 cm long
cylindrical portion attached to a frustum of a cone. If the total
height is 22 cm, diameter of the cylindrical portion is 8 cm and the
diameter of the top of the funnel is 18 cm, find the area of the tin
sheet required to make the funnel (see the given figure).

Answer:

Radius (r1) of upper circular end of frustum
part

Radius (r2) of lower circular end of frustum
part = Radius of circular end of cylindrical

part

Height (h1) of frustum part = 22 − 10 = 12
cm

Height (h2) of cylindrical part = 10 cm

Slant height (l) of frustum part

Area of tin sheet required = CSA of frustum part + CSA of
cylindrical part

Page No 258:

Question 6:

Derive the formula for the curved surface area and total surface
area of the frustum of cone.

Answer:

Let ABC be a cone. A frustum DECB is cut by a plane parallel to
its base. Let r1 and r2 be the
radii of the ends of the frustum of the cone and h be the
height of the frustum of the cone.

In ΔABG and ΔADF, DF||BG

∴ ΔABG ∼ ΔADF

CSA of frustum DECB = CSA of cone ABC − CSA cone ADE

CSA of frustum =

Page No 258:

Question 7:

Derive the formula for the volume of the frustum of a cone.

Answer:

Let ABC be a cone. A frustum DECB is cut by a plane parallel to
its base.

Let r1 and r2 be the radii of
the ends of the frustum of the cone and h be the height of the
frustum of the cone.