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1) Get a handle on your debts and prioritise them

There are many different sorts and levels of indebtedness. So the first step is to do an audit of your finances and work out what you owe and how to go about repaying it.

Lorraine Charlton, Debt Expert at Citizens Advice, has the following advice:

a) Work out how much you owe - Make a list of who you owe money to and add up how much you need to pay each month. If you don't have your most recent statements, contact your creditor to find out what you owe.

b) Prioritise your debts - Your rent or mortgage, energy and council tax are called priority debts as there can be serious consequences if you don't pay them. These should always be paid first. Separate these and work out how much you owe.

c) Work out how much you can pay - Create a budget by adding up your essential living costs, such as food and housing, and taking away these from your income. Any money you have spare can be put towards your debts. Citizens Advice budgeting tool can help.

d) Paying urgent debts - You may have several priority debts and can't pay them all. Contact all your creditors to find out if you can negotiate on how much you pay, or when you pay them. Always pay first priority creditors who are taking action against you.

Consolidating your outstanding loans will make repayments easier as there will be just one

e) Paying non-urgent debts - If you have any money left after paying priority debts, consider getting a free debt-management plan. You'll make one monthly payment to the plan provider, who will handle paying your creditors. Or contact your creditors and offer them what you can afford to pay.

Think about the big picture: Sometimes the tips above won't be enough to help you get back on track – and that could be a sign that you need debt advice. In particular, if you have any of the following, you should consider speaking to a money adviser:

· More going out than coming in, according to your budget

· Not enough disposable income to cover your minimum debt repayments

· Arrears on any of your 'priority' household bills such as mortgage, rent, council tax or utilities

2) Save money and pay off more debt

Ideally, if you can pay back more off your debts each month then the debts will be paid off quicker.

By paying more money back each month, the less interest you will pay on your debts and therefore, you will be paying less money overall. This can apply to secured debts like mortgages as well as unsecured debts.

For mortgage holders who have no credit card or loan debt, and who have money spare at the end of the month, then overpaying on their home loan can be a very worthwhile option - especially when savings rates are so poor.

As for unsecured debts, there are a number of ways that you can pay them off more efficiently, including budgeting and prioritising payments.

HOW TO SAVE MONEY AND PAY YOUR DEBTS DOWN QUICKER

StepChange Debt Charity have given their advice to people looking to make higher repayments in 2019.

Cutting costs: Budgeting can help people save up more money to pay off their debts

Do a budget: Write down all of your income – including wages, benefits and pensions – and everything you'll have to pay out, from your regular household bills to your weekly food shop.

Think about any one-off expenses you're likely to have during the month as well – have you got a dentist appointment? Is the car due for a service?

There are a number of online tools and apps that can help you with budgeting. A good place to start is on our website.

Once your budget is complete, subtract your estimated outgoings from your income. This is your 'disposable income,' and it's what you'll have available to clear your debt.

Can you bring in any extra cash? If your normal disposable income won't cover your Christmas debts, you might want to look at ways you can increase your income in the short term.

There are loads of ways to make a few extra pounds, such as by using cashback websites or taking on extra hours at work. StepChange's MoneyAware blog is full of ideas.

Can you make any savings? There are many ways to save money, and anything you save can be put towards those debt repayments. It could be as simple as switching to a cheaper supermarket, or taking shorter journeys on foot rather than by car or bus.

Getting into money-saving habits can help you by making your money go further.

3) Move to a cheaper credit card to cut down on costs

One way to save on costs and speed up the repayment process is to move your debt in order to fix a lower interest rate.

This method is particularly a good idea for those who have credit card debt as they could be paying a high rate of interest after the introductory 0 per cent purchase offer that encouraged them take it out in the first place has ended.

In order to get the most from your balance transfer credit card, you should ensure that you are disciplined about paying off as much as you can afford each month - ideally more than the minimum payment.

Planning your finances is also important so that your debt can be repaid before it reverts to the pricey AER.

Defaqto, a financial information business, said the average fee for transferring a balance to a fee-charging card is 2.7 per cent, an amount that can add substantially to outstanding debt and is only really worth considering should you need a longer repayment period.

Personal finance expert, Andrew Hagger, from Moneycomms.co.uk said: 'If you've got £2,000 spread across your cards at an average interest rate of 19 per cent APR, and paying back 5 per cent of the balance each month, it'll take you almost nine years to clear the balance and cost you more than £835 in interest charges.

'Simply by switching it to a 0 per cent balance transfer card and paying off £100 per month, you'd be debt free in just over a year and a half and all it would have cost you will be the one off balance transfer fee of less than £60.'

Whilst there are still a number of 0 per cent balance transfer cards available, they are less common.

Those looking to move their debt to one of these cards should try and not opt for the longest duration card, if possible, as the shorter deals come with a lower balance transfer fee, saving you money in the long run.

The table above from Moneyfacts.co.uk details the top 12 balance transfer credit card deals that all charge no interest for a set period - of up to 38 months - on balances moved to them.

For some people with debts in various places like credit cards, store card and loans, who want a definite schedule to pay off their debts, then consolidation might be a better option.

4) Consolidate your debts

This usually means taking out a personal loan or a credit card to pay off all your outstanding debt so that it's all in one place and there is just one monthly payment to make - and a definite deadline at which it will be paid off.

To do this, you must have a good enough credit rating for the loan company to consider giving you a loan, which can also determine how much they will lend you - and at what rate.

Research from moneyfacts.co.uk shows that in December 2018, the average rate on an unsecured personal loan is 4.7 per cent, based on a £10,000 loan over five years - higher than many mortgage rates but historically low for personal loans.

AVERAGE RATES BY LOAN AMOUNT CURRENTLY AVAILABLE

Jan-13

Jan-17

Jul-17

Jan-18

Dec-18

Average Loan APR at £5K

11.7%

7.4%

7.3%

7.2%

6.8%

Average Loan APR at £10K

7.0%

4.6%

4.5%

4.6%

4.7%

Average Loan APR at £20K

8.8%

5.3%

5.1%

5.1%

4.9%

Source: Moneyfacts.co.uk

Darren Cook, finance expert at Moneyfacts, said: 'It's clear to see that personal loans can be a popular choice for borrowers looking to consolidate their debts and as we enter the New Year there may well be those hoping to rein in their credit card debt by moving it over to a more manageable loan.

'The average loan APR at £5,000 has fallen by 0.4 per cent since the beginning of the 2018 and our latest research shows that the average rate on an unsecured personal loan is now 6.8 per cent, based on a £5,000 loan over five years.

'Right now, borrowers searching for a £5,000 loan over three years will find the lowest loan rate set at 3.4 per cent from Admiral, while a high street brand like Barclays advertise a loan of 7.9 per cent.'

Consolidating your debts can be one way to help take back control of your repayments

It is advisable to have a look around when getting a loan and not just automatically get one from your bank. Often, there are good deals online that could offer better rates.

Hagger added: 'Consolidating your debts should make things easier to manage, just one monthly repayment to worry about rather than a few spread throughout the month.

'It's also easier to monitor your total debt mount outstanding - you will be able to see the balance decrease month by month which will hopefully spur you on to keep it going until it's fully repaid.

'Don't consolidate and then start building up more debt on cards that you've just repaid - it defeats the object and before you know it you'll have undone all that good work and be back to square one or worse.'

However, consolidating debts may not be for everybody and it is important to consider your personal situation before moving forward with this option.

It is always advisable to check the length of time that you will be paying a loan back for, as well as the interest rate attached to the loan, to make sure that it is a payment you can reasonably keep up with.

5) Switch to get better deals

Switching household bills is one of the easiest money-saving tools.

When it comes to energy bills, lots of households are still stuck on their Standard Variable Tariff, and as such, could be paying up to £300 more than necessary, according to GoCompare.

Using switching websites, that automatically swap your energy provider, mean the hassle of looking for deals is taken away and you can start saving money straight away.

This can also be done for your broadband deal and it is worth also looking at your mobile contract and asking if you need what you are paying for and whether better deals exist elsewhere.

As a 'loyalty tax' tends to apply to customers who stick with the same provider for anything, the concept of switching must be applied to everything.

If you have credit card debt, check if you are paying interest and if so switch to a 0 per cent balance transfer card (see 3 above) - or consolidate your debts (see 4 above).

See if you can get lower home and car insurance premiums when they come up for renewal.

And if you can exit your mortgage deal without punitive charges, shop around for a lower interest rate, and consider fixing for two or five years as rates look due to go up in the coming months or years.

Finally look at your bank account: can you earn better interest on credit balances, be charged less for your overdraft and even get a windfall for joining a new bank.

Just make sure it's the right account for you.

What about my student loan?

Many of those who went to university will still have their student loan outstanding, with varying sums to pay off.

As the interest mounts on these loans, it may seem like you should be paying off as much of the loan as possible, but this isn't strictly necessary as the more you earn, the more interest you have to pay.

The current interest rate for those who started university before 2012 is at 1.75 per cent.

Those who started after 2012 have a much higher RPI rate of inflation at 3.3 per cent interest rate where income is £25,000 or less, rising up to RPI + 3 per cent, totaling 6.3 per cent, where income is £45,000 or more.

This rate changes every September, meaning from September, you could be paying more or less back for the rest of the academic year.

You will only have to start repaying this debt when you're earning above £2,083 a month, which is equivalent to £25,000 a year, and then pay back 9 per cent of everything you earn above that.

For example, if you earn £26,000, you will have to pay back £90 a year, as £26,000 is £1,000 over the threshold and 9 per cent of £1,000 is £90.

These payments will automatically be taken off your payroll each month by the Student Loans Company.

The debt will be cleared entirely, for everyone, 30 years after you graduated. It is worth noting that many people won't pay back all their debt before the 30 years is up.

If you have other debts to pay off, for example, credit cards or loans, it is unlikely that the interest on these will be less than that of your student debt so it is always better to pay these off first as there will be much tougher penalties for those if you don't.

If anyone is looking to overpay on their student loan, they should crunch the numbers and think carefully about whether it will actually help them financially in the long run.

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