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10 Incredible Scientific Breakthroughs and New Inventions

Scientific discoveries continue to appear every year. new discoveries in a variety of fields, from innovative solutions and treatments for common and deadly diseases to archaeological discoveries, space discoveries, and unusual scandals, learn about 10 groundbreaking scientific discoveries that have taken place and can certainly affect our lives in the near future.

1. Sickle cell anemia can be cured by transplantation of stem cells

Sickle cell anemia is a severe and common blood disease in which more than 4 million people worldwide are infected.In April, a pair of scientists at the National Human Genome Research Institute announced that they had completely cured a 26-year-old man with sickle cell anemia, Through the transplantation of healthy stem cells in the body, they hope and believe that similar results will also occur in the future as more patients receive similar treatment with stem cells.

2. Scientists have been able to stop and reverse the process of aging in mice

Aging is a natural process in every animal on earth, but will it soon be possible to stop it? According to a new study published from March 2018, a team of researchers from Boston found a way to stop and reverse the aging process in mice. The process is based on a molecule called NAD, which is found naturally in mammals, but its levels are getting lower over the years, a process that causes the development of age-related diseases. By increasing the NAD level in older mice with dietary supplements. If the results are the same in humans as the researchers hope, it may indicate that in a few years, nutritional supplements may be able to slow down aging in a scientifically proven way and to prevent diseases such as Alzheimer's and cancer.

3. A new organ has been discovered in our bodies

2018 came with a discovery of a new organ - the interstitium, A group of scientists at the University of New York found that this part, once considered a dense layer of tissue, is actually a narrow channel used to transport lymphatic fluid.

4. Scientists were able to recover the vision of 2 people who had macular degeneration

Macular degeneration is a severe eye disease that develops over the years and is considered the number one cause of blindness around the world. In 2018 there was a breakthrough in the prevention and treatment of the disease, when scientists were able to restore the normal vision of two people who had macular degeneration to a level they could not read at all. The treatment was done by implanting stem cells over the damaged parts of the eye, after which both patients were able to recognize faces and read. If the trials continue to produce success, this treatment may soon be as common and achievable as cataract surgery.

5. A nano robot is capable of detecting and killing cancer cells

Nanorobotics is a technological field that has been developing very fast in the recent years and deals with assembling and manufacturing miniature robots that are then a few nanometers. In 2018, a group of researchers in the field succeeded in designing nanoparticles that would be able to find and destroy cancerous cells in the human body. These nanobots, first tested on mice injected with cancer cells, were able to locate the cells in the living body and cut the blood flow to them - causing them to wither and die; At the same time, no harm is caused to other healthy cells in the mouse body. These results certainly raise the level of optimism and indicate that nanobots may be used as a solution to the disease.

6. A chemical can help in regrowth of hair follicles

The world's largest fast food chain, McDonald's, has been at the heart of public criticism for years, with many claiming that the food served in its branches around the world is unhealthy. But now it turns out that McDonald's uses at least one ingredient that has a certain health benefit: the company's fries are fried in oil and the long-name chemical Polydimethylsiloxane, which was discovered this year by researchers from Japan's Yokohama University, has the potential to create masses of hair follicle. The scientists planted hair follicles that grew by adding the chemical to the back of a mouse, and new hair had sprouted and grew shortly thereafter. However, do not rush to the McDonald's branch near your house - because it turns out that adding the chemical to the oil does not produce the same effect.

7. Scientists have been able to reverse Alzheimer's damage in a human brain cell

Loss of memory and severe difficulties in orientation are just some of the severe symptoms of the Alzheimer's disease, which affects many people - especially the elderly - and is manifested in the continuous degeneration of nerve cells in the brain. For years, science has been looking for a solution to this problem, and this year it seems that a breakthrough has been made when scientists from a research center in San Francisco have found a method to help change the structure of the protein in a particular gene in our body that encourages the brain response that causes Alzheimer's. By doing so, scientists were able to completely erase any evidence of Alzheimer's in the damaged brain cells, and the subjects became healthier and lived longer. This promising discovery still does not suggest that a drug for Alzheimer's is going to be immediately available to us, but it is certainly a good direction for the future.

8. Archaeologists have uncovered evidence that thriving communities lived in the most isolated regions of the Amazon

Historians and archaeologists have long believed that developed civilizations from the past have survived and thrived over the years because of their proximity to rivers or other water sources that made life possible. But now some of this assumption may change because in March, archaeologists from the University of Exeter in England found the remains of whole villages, canals and man-made pits, pottery in the areas of Amazonas which experts believed they were never inhabited. Archaeologists have not yet been able to analyze what life in these villages looked like, but it is clear that there were thriving communities that managed to grow many crops thanks to the fertile soil.

9. The development of a contraceptive pill for men

To date, we have all become aware of the contraceptive pill taken by women, but now there is also a new development: a male birth control pill. These pills include a combination of hormones that prevents the production of fertile sperm, and is taken once a day. In addition to a blood test that proved that the pill works effectively, a number of patients who used the pill also indicated that their side effects were very limited. However, at this stage, taking the pill can cause minor cholesterol disorders.

10. A source of liquid water was discovered on Mars

For years, scientists have been trying to find evidence that there is water on Mars - suggesting that life is possible. While the topography of the red star and the underground ice reservoirs indicate that the place was watery in the distant past, the scientists have not been able to confirm the claim, but since April this has changed. The Italian space agency announced that an advanced radar discovered a lake of liquid water under a glacier, at a depth of 1 km below ground.

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