Meaning of BASE

[n] place that runner must touch before scoring; "he scrambled to get back to the bag"

[n] (electronics) the part of a transistor that separates the emitter from the collector

[n] installation from which a military force initiates operations; "the attack wiped out our forward bases"

[n] a flat bottom on which something is intended to sit; "a tub should sit on its own base"

[n] the principal ingredient of a mixture; "glycerinated gelatin is used as a base for many ointments"; "he told the painter that he wanted a yellow base with just a hint of green"; "everything she cooked seemed to have rice as the base"

[n] lowest support of a structure; "it was built on a base of solid rock"; "he stood at the foot of the tower"

[n] the stock of basic facilities and capital equipment needed for the functioning of a country or area; "the industrial base of Japan"

[n] the fundamental assumptions underlying an explanation; "the whole argument rested on a basis of conjecture"

[n] (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed; "thematic vowels are part of the stem"

[n] a lower limit; "the government established a wage floor"

[n] the place where you are stationed and from which missions start and end

[n] (anatomy) the part of an organ nearest its point of attachment; "the base of the skull"

[n] the bottom or lowest part; "the base of the mountain"

[n] (in a digital numeration system) the positive integer that is equivalent to one in the next higher counting place; "10 is the radix of the decimal system"

[n] the bottom side of a geometric figure from which the altitude can be constructed; "the base of the triangle"

[n] any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water; "bases include oxides and hydroxides of metals and ammonia"

[adj] having or showing an ignoble lack of honor or morality; "that liberal obedience without which your army would be a base rabble"- Edmund Burke; "taking a mean advantage"; "chok'd with ambition of the meaner sort"- Shakespeare; "something essentially vulgar and meanspirited in politics"

[adj] of low birth or station (`base' is archaic in this sense); "baseborn wretches with dirty faces"; "of humble (or lowly) birth"

[adj] serving as or forming a base; "the painter applied a base coat followed by two finishing coats"

[adj] not adhering to ethical or moral principles; "base and unpatriotic motives"; "a base, degrading way of life"; "cheating is dishonorable"; "they considered colonialism immoral"; "unethical practices in handling public funds"

\Base\ (b[=a]s), a. [OE. bass, F. bas, low, fr. LL. bassus
thick, fat, short, humble; cf. L. Bassus, a proper name, and
W. bas shallow. Cf. {Bass} a part in music.]
1. Of little, or less than the usual, height; of low growth;
as, base shrubs. [Archaic] --Shak.
2. Low in place or position. [Obs.] --Shak.
3. Of humble birth; or low degree; lowly; mean. [Archaic] ``A
pleasant and base swain.'' --Bacon.
4. Illegitimate by birth; bastard. [Archaic]
Why bastard? wherefore base? --Shak.
5. Of little comparative value, as metal inferior to gold and
silver, the precious metals.
6. Alloyed with inferior metal; debased; as, base coin; base
bullion.
7. Morally low. Hence: Low-minded; unworthy; without dignity
of sentiment; ignoble; mean; illiberal; menial; as, a base
fellow; base motives; base occupations. ``A cruel act of a
base and a cowardish mind.'' --Robynson (More's Utopia).
``Base ingratitude.'' --Milton.
8. Not classical or correct. ``Base Latin.'' --Fuller.
9. Deep or grave in sound; as, the base tone of a violin. [In
this sense, commonly written {bass.}]
10. (Law) Not held by honorable service; as, a base estate,
one held by services not honorable; held by villenage.
Such a tenure is called base, or low, and the tenant, a
base tenant.
{Base fee}, formerly, an estate held at the will of the lord;
now, a qualified fee. See note under {Fee}, n., 4.
{Base metal}. See under {Metal}.
Syn: Dishonorable; worthless; ignoble; low-minded; infamous;
sordid; degraded.
Usage: {Base}, {Vile}, {Mean}. These words, as expressing
moral qualities, are here arranged in the order of
their strength, the strongest being placed first. Base
marks a high degree of moral turpitude; vile and mean
denote, in different degrees, the want of what is
valuable or worthy of esteem. What is base excites our
abhorrence; what is vile provokes our disgust or
indignation; what is mean awakens contempt. Base is
opposed to high-minded; vile, to noble; mean, to
liberal or generous. Ingratitude is base; sycophancy
is vile; undue compliances are mean.

\Base\, n. [F. base, L. basis, fr. Gr. ? a stepping step, a
base, pedestal, fr. ? to go, step, akin to E. come. Cf.
{Basis}, and see {Come}.]
1. The bottom of anything, considered as its support, or that
on which something rests for support; the foundation; as,
the base of a statue. ``The base of mighty mountains.''
--Prescott.
2. Fig.: The fundamental or essential part of a thing; the
essential principle; a groundwork.
3. (Arch.)
(a) The lower part of a wall, pier, or column, when
treated as a separate feature, usually in projection,
or especially ornamented.
(b) The lower part of a complete architectural design, as
of a monument; also, the lower part of any elaborate
piece of furniture or decoration.
4. (Bot.) That extremity of a leaf, fruit, etc., at which it
is attached to its support.
5. (Chem.) The positive, or non-acid component of a salt; a
substance which, combined with an acid, neutralizes the
latter and forms a salt; -- applied also to the hydroxides
of the positive elements or radicals, and to certain
organic bodies resembling them in their property of
forming salts with acids.
6. (Pharmacy) The chief ingredient in a compound.
7. (Dyeing) A substance used as a mordant. --Ure.
8. (Fort.) The exterior side of the polygon, or that
imaginary line which connects the salient angles of two
adjacent bastions.
9. (Geom.) The line or surface constituting that part of a
figure on which it is supposed to stand.
10. (Math.) The number from which a mathematical table is
constructed; as, the base of a system of logarithms.
11. [See {Base} low.] A low, or deep, sound. (Mus.)
(a) The lowest part; the deepest male voice.
(b) One who sings, or the instrument which plays, base.
[Now commonly written {bass}.]
The trebles squeak for fear, the bases roar.
--Dryden.
12. (Mil.) A place or tract of country, protected by
fortifications, or by natural advantages, from which the
operations of an army proceed, forward movements are
made, supplies are furnished, etc.
13. (Mil.) The smallest kind of cannon. [Obs.]
14. (Zo["o]l.) That part of an organ by which it is attached
to another more central organ.
15. (Crystallog.) The basal plane of a crystal.
16. (Geol.) The ground mass of a rock, especially if not
distinctly crystalline.
17. (Her.) The lower part of the field. See {Escutcheon}.
18. The housing of a horse. [Obs.]
19. pl. A kind of skirt ( often of velvet or brocade, but
sometimes of mailed armor) which hung from the middle to
about the knees, or lower. [Obs.]
20. The lower part of a robe or petticoat. [Obs.]
21. An apron. [Obs.] ``Bakers in their linen bases.''
--Marston.
22. The point or line from which a start is made; a starting
place or a goal in various games.
To their appointed base they went. --Dryden.
23. (Surv.) A line in a survey which, being accurately
determined in length and position, serves as the origin
from which to compute the distances and positions of any
points or objects connected with it by a system of
triangles. --Lyman.
24. A rustic play; -- called also {prisoner's base}, {prison
base}, or {bars}. ``To run the country base.'' --Shak.
25. (Baseball) Any one of the four bounds which mark the
circuit of the infield.
{Altern base}. See under {Altern}.
{Attic base}. (Arch.) See under {Attic}.
{Base course}. (Arch.)
(a) The first or lower course of a foundation wall, made
of large stones of a mass of concrete; -- called also
{foundation course}.
(b) The architectural member forming the transition
between the basement and the wall above.
{Base hit} (Baseball), a hit, by which the batsman, without
any error on the part of his opponents, is able to reach
the first base without being put out.
{Base line}.
(a) A main line taken as a base, as in surveying or in
military operations.
(b) A line traced round a cannon at the rear of the vent.
{Base plate}, the foundation plate of heavy machinery, as of
the steam engine; the bed plate.
{Base ring} (Ordnance), a projecting band of metal around the
breech, connected with the body of the gun by a concave
molding. --H. L. Scott.

\Base\ (b[=a]s), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Based} (b[=a]sd); p.
pr. & vb. n. {Basing}.] [From {Base}, n.]
To put on a base or basis; to lay the foundation of; to
found, as an argument or conclusion; -- used with on or upon.
--Bacon.

\Base\, v. t. [See {Base}, a., and cf. {Abase}.]
1. To abase; to let, or cast, down; to lower. [Obs.]
If any . . . based his pike. --Sir T.
North.
2. To reduce the value of; to debase. [Obs.]
Metals which we can not base. --Bacon.

Any basic (alkaline) compound containing nitrogen, but generally referring to one of four complex molecules ( nucleotides) that form the building blocks of the nucleic acids, DNA and RNA.

A fundamental category of many compounds whose water-based solutions have a bitter taste, a slippery feel in water, turn red litmus paper blue, and can react with acids to form salts. A base has a pH higher than 7; a strong base will have a pH of 13 or higher. Specific types of bases include:

Arrhenius base: any chemical that increases the number of free hydroxide ions (OH-) when they're added to a water-based solution. The more ions produced, the stronger the acid.

Bronsted or Bronsted-Lowry base: any chemical that acts as a proton acceptor in a chemical reaction.

Lewis base: any chemical that donates two electrons to form a covalent bond during a chemical reaction.

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Glossary

Definition:

One of the molecules that form DNA and RNA molecules.

a subunit of a nucleotide that makes up the DNA and RNA molecules; either a purine or a pyrimidine.