SQUARE ROOT & CUBE ROOTS

Step 1: First of all group the number in pairs of 2 starting from the right.

Step 2: To get the ten’s place digit, Find the nearest square (equivalent or greater than or less than) to the first grouped pair from left and put the square root of the square.

Step 3: To get the unit’s place digit of the square root

Remember the following

If number ends in

Unit’s place digit of the square root

1

1 or 9(10-1)

4

2 or 8(10-2)

9

3 or 7(10-3)

6

4or 6(10-4)

5

5

0

0

Lets see the logic behind this for a better understanding

We know,

12=1

22=4

32=9

42=16

52=25

62=36

72=49

82=64

92=81

102=100

Now, observe the unit’s place digit of all the squares.

Do you find anything common?

We notice that,

Unit’s place digit of both 12 and 92 is 1.

Unit’s place digit of both 22 and 82 is 4

Unit’s place digit of both 32 and 72 is 9

Unit’s place digit of both 42 and 62 is 6.

Step 4: Multiply the ten’s place digit (found in step 1) with its consecutive number and compare the result obtained with the first pair of the original number from left.

Remember,

If first pair of the original number > Result obtained on multiplication then select the greater number out of the two numbers as the unit’s place digit of the square root.

If firstpair of the original number < the result obtained on multiplication,then select the lesser number out of the two numbers as the unit’s place digit of the square root.

Let us consider an example to get a better understanding of the method

Example 1: √784=?

Step 1: We start by grouping the numbers in pairs of two from right as follows

7 84

Step 2: To get the ten’s place digit,

We find that nearest square to first group (7) is 4 and √4=2

Therefore ten’s place digit=2

Step 3: To get the unit’s place digit,

We notice that the number ends with 4, So the unit’s place digit of the square root should be either 2 or 8(Refer table).

Step 4: Multiplying the ten’s place digit of the square root that we arrived at in step 1(2) and its consecutive number(3) we get,

2×3=6 ten’s place digit of original number > Multiplication result 7>6 So we need to select the greater number (8) as the unit’s place digit of the square root. Unit’s place digit =8 Ans:√784=28

Cube roots of perfect cubes

It may take two-three minutes to find out cube root of a perfect cube by using conventional method. However we can find out cube roots of perfect cubes very fast, say in one-two seconds using Vedic Mathematics.

We need to remember some interesting properties of numbers to do these quick mental calculations which are given below.

Points to remember for speedy calculation of cube roots

To calculate cube root of any perfect cube quickly, we need to remember the cubes of 1 to 10 which is given below.

13

=

1

23

=

8

33

=

27

43

=

64

53

=

125

63

=

216

73

=

343

83

=

512

93

=

729

103

=

1000

From the above cubes of 1 to 10, we need to remember an interesting property.

13 = 1

=>

If last digit of the perfect cube = 1, last digit of the cube root = 1

23 = 8

=>

If last digit of the perfect cube = 8, last digit of the cube root = 2

33 = 27

=>

If last digit of the perfect cube = 7, last digit of the cube root = 3

43 = 64

=>

If last digit of the perfect cube = 4, last digit of the cube root = 4

53 = 125

=>

If last digit of the perfect cube =5, last digit of the cube root = 5

63 = 216

=>

If last digit of the perfect cube = 6, last digit of the cube root = 6

73 = 343

=>

If last digit of the perfect cube = 3, last digit of the cube root = 7

83 = 512

=>

If last digit of the perfect cube = 2, last digit of the cube root = 8

93 = 729

=>

If last digit of the perfect cube = 9, last digit of the cube root = 9

103 = 1000

=>

If last digit of the perfect cube = 0, last digit of the cube root = 0

It’s very easy to remember the relations given above because

1

->

1

(Same numbers)

8

->

2

(10’s complement of 8 is 2 and 8+2 = 10)

7

->

3

(10’s complement of 7 is 3 and 7+3 = 10)

4

->

4

(Same numbers)

5

->

5

(Same numbers)

6

->

6

(Same numbers)

3

->

7

(10’s complement of 3 is 7 and 3+7 = 10)

2

->

8

(10’s complement of 2 is 8 and 2+8 = 10)

9

->

9

(Same numbers)

0

->

0

(Same numbers)

Also see 8 -> 2 and 2 -> 8 7 -> 3 and 3-> 7

Questions

Level-I

1.

The cube root of .000216 is:

A.

.6

B.

.06

C.

77

D.

87

2.

What should come in place of both x in the equation

x

=

162

.

128

x

A.

12

B.

14

C.

144

D.

196

3.

The least perfect square, which is divisible by each of 21, 36 and 66 is:

A.

213444

B.

214344

C.

214434

D.

231444

4.

1.5625 = ?

A.

1.05

B.

1.25

C.

1.45

D.

1.55

5.

If 35 + 125 = 17.88, then what will be the value of 80 + 65 ?

A.

13.41

B.

20.46

C.

21.66

D.

22.35

6.

If a = 0.1039, then the value of 4a2 – 4a + 1 + 3a is:

A.

0.1039

B.

0.2078

C.

1.1039

D.

2.1039

7.

If x =

3 + 1

and y =

3 – 1

, then the value of (x2 + y2) is:

3 – 1

3 + 1

A.

10

B.

13

C.

14

D.

15

8.

A group of students decided to collect as many paise from each member of group as is the number of members. If the total collection amounts to Rs. 59.29, the number of the member is the group is:

A.

57

B.

67

C.

77

D.

87

9.

The square root of (7 + 35) (7 – 35) is

A.

5

B.

2

C.

4

D.

35

10.

If 5 = 2.236, then the value of

5

–

10

+ 125 is equal to:

2

5

A.

5.59

B.

7.826

C.

8.944

D.

10.062

Level-II

11.

625

x

14

x

11

is equal to:

11

25

196

A.

5

B.

6

C.

8

D.

11

12.

0.0169 x ? = 1.3

A.

10

B.

100

C.

1000

D.

None of these

13.

3 –

1

2

simplifies to:

3

A.

3

4

B.

4

3

C.

4

3

D.

None of these

14.

How many two-digit numbers satisfy this property.: The last digit (unit’s digit) of the square of the two-digit number is 8 ?