RULE 1: Only unus, duo, tres
and the plural of mille decline. All other numbers are indeclinable.

RULE 2: The Partitive Genitive is used with milia,
superlatives, words designating a part and special pronouns and adjectives;
see Wheelock, page 192 (middle).

RULE 3: Ex/De (+ the ablative) is
used with all numbers, except quidam and the plural of the
mille.

I. Grammar

A. Numbers

At this late point in the class, it seems pointless to memorize all the
Latin cardinals and ordinals. Moreover, numbers seldom show up in classical
Roman authors so it is necessary only to be generally familiar with how
they are formed. Thus, you will be required to know the cardinal numbers
1-10, 20, 100 and 1000 and the first ten ordinals (page 384).

B. The Genitive of the Whole or the Partitive Genitive

Besides possession, the genitive case can also designate the whole to
which a part belongs. When it does, it is called the "Partitive Genitive"
(or "Genitive of the Whole"). This construction is used commonly
with milia, superlatives, words denoting a part or section (plus,
pars, satis, nemo), and certain pronouns and
adjectives implying partition (quid, aliquid, nihil,
multum). Other words like quidam and all numbers under
2000 (including mille) use de
or ex plus the ablative instead of a partitive genitive.

C. Supplementary Syntax (pp. 374-379)

In order to prepare you for reading the works of ancient authors, we
must review certain constructions which Wheelock includes in the Supplementary
Syntax (pp. 374-379): the genitives of material and description, and the
ablatives of specification, cause and degree of difference. While these
constructions will not appear on the tests for this class, they
will be instrumental in translating actual Latin.

D. Reading for Test 4

In reviewing for Test 4, we will read together in class a passage of
classical Latin. As with the passage on the previous test, you will be
expected to prepare the assignment as homework prior to our in-class translation
of the text. All vocabulary is included in the notes attached to the passage
or in the vocabulary at the back of Wheelock. Questions about the translation
and grammar of this passage will appear as part of Test
4.

Here is a link to the Reading
for this chapter, a passage from Ovid's Ars Amatoria.

F. The Bayeux Tapestry

After completing Chapter 40, we'll end this course by reading and discussing the Bayeux Tapestry. Here is a link to a handout about the Bayeux Tapestry.

II. Vocabulary

[Click here for a
complete list of all words (Chapters 1-40) which you are responsible for
knowing in this class. Use this list to help consolidate your understanding
of Latin vocabulary. Click here
for a printable version of that vocabulary list.]

III. 1. Ten of (lit. "from") the leaders
of the enemy left [from] Athens to help the other Greeks. Athenis: ablative, place from which (motion from)ad alios Graecos iuvandos: gerundive purpose construction

2. At the same time it is necessary for us to suffer/endure the
injuries of others in order that they be lenient to us when we do
harm (lit. "doing harm"). tempore: ablative of point in timenobis(1): dative, with opus estnobis(2): dative, object of parcoparcant: subjunctive, purpose clause