Many Facebook and Twitter users said the clip signaled that white people were cleaner or more beautiful than black people and likened it to 19th-century soap adverts that showed black people scrubbing themselves to become white.

But Ogunyemi said the stills from the clip that shot around the internet over the weekend — which mostly showed only her and the white woman, leaving out the Asian woman — gave the wrong impression.

She said there was a 30-second, made-for-TV version that had other images and a slogan that made it much clearer that the intention was to say that all women deserved quality products.

“The screenshots that have taken the media by storm paint a slightly different picture,” she said.

Dove apologized for the Facebook clip, saying it had “missed the mark in representing women of color thoughtfully”.

Ogunyemi, who is Nigerian, born in Britain and raised in the United States, said in an article in the Guardian that she had “grown up very aware of society’s opinion that dark-skinned people, especially women, would look better if our skin were lighter”.

Far from fitting into this narrative, she wrote, her participation in the Dove advert was a chance to “represent my dark-skinned sisters in a global beauty brand”.

She said Dove could have defended itself by better explaining the concept behind the clip.

However, she also said that Dove should have spotted the risk that the sequence of images could be interpreted as racist given that it had run into trouble over similar content in the past.

“They should have strong teams there that can point this kind of thing out before it goes to air,” she told the BBC.

Dove, a Unilever brand, was criticized in 2011 over an ad which showed three women side by side in front of a before-and-after image of cracked and smooth skin, with a black woman on the “before” side and a white woman on the “after” side.

Another point of contention was a label on a Dove product that said it was for “normal to dark skin”.