Shortcut 8: Finding number of coins in a bag

A bag contains 5 paise, 10 paise and 20 paise coins in the ratio 2:4:5. Total amount in the bag is Rs. 4.50. How many coins are there in 20 paise?

Answer:

(2)(5)x + (4)(10)x + (5)(20)x = (4.50)(100)

To convert Rs. 4.50 into paise, multiply it by 100.

10x + 40x + 100x = 450

150x = 450 x = 3

Substitute x = 3 in 2x : 4x : 5x to get number of coins.

5x = number of 20 paise coins = 15

Shortcut 9: 1 : 2 to 2 : 1

Ans=Initial quantity

Question:

In a 45 liters mixture milk and water are in the ratio 1:2. After adding certain quantity of milk, the ratio becomes 2:1. What is the quantity of milk added?

Answer:

45, since it is the initial quantity.

Proof:

Initial quantity of milk = (1/3) x 45 = 15 liters

Initial quantity of water = 30 liters

Final ratio of milk and water = 2 : 1

Final quantity of water = 30 = (1/3) x final quantity of solution

Final quantity of solution = 90 liters.

Added quantity = Final quantity – Initial quantity

= 90 – 45

Quantity of milk added = 45 liters.

Shortcut 10: 2 : 1 to 1 : 2

Ans=Final quantity/2

Question:

To a mixture of milk and water in the ratio 2:1 a certain quantity of water is added. The ratio becomes 1:2. If the quantity of mixture at present is 90, what was the quantity of water added to initial quantity?

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