WASHINGTON — Latinos helped deliver President Barack Obama’s re-election Tuesday with near-historic support. In return, they’re demanding an immigration overhaul and are warning both parties, particularly Republicans, that it’s time to get on board and pay closer attention to their issues.

Latinos accounted for 10 percent of those who voted Tuesday. They backed Obama with 71 percent of their vote nationally, compared with Mitt Romney’s 27 percent, according to exit polls. It was the highest level of Latino support since President Bill Clinton received 72 percent of their vote in 1996.

Obama arguably won the election in part because of Latino support in the swing states of Colorado, where he carried 75 percent of Latino votes, and Nevada, where he received 70 percent.

“Latino voters confirmed unequivocally that the road to the White House goes through Hispanic neighborhoods,” said Clarissa Martinez, the director of civic engagement and immigration at the National Council of La Raza, a Hispanic advocacy organization.

Activists such as Martinez think the election is such a game-changer for Latino issues that Republicans have no choice but to return to the negotiating table and confront the immigration problem.

Knowing those numbers, and even before Obama was named the victor Tuesday night, Republican strategists were calling for a new approach.

“I said this in the spring. In the summer. Biggest mistake was going hard right on immigration. Paying price,” John Weaver, a Republican strategist who worked on the presidential campaigns of Sen. John McCain and former Utah Gov. Jon Huntsman, tweeted about Mitt Romney.

Attention has turned toward rising Republican star Sen. Marco Rubio of Florida, who could serve as the catalyst to bring the sides together. The son of Cuban immigrants, Rubio said earlier this year that he was working on a compromise on the DREAM Act for young undocumented immigrants brought here illegally by their parents.

On Wednesday, he said “Republicans need to work harder than ever” on immigration issues.

Romney seemed to telegraph his predicament last spring. In the same fundraising-dinner video now infamous for his “47 percent” statement, he says trying to attract Hispanic voters is the party’s greatest challenge.

“If the Hispanic voting bloc becomes as committed to the Democrats as the African-American voting bloc has in the past, well, we’re in trouble as a party and, I think, as a nation,” he says in the secretly recorded video.

Yet during the primaries Romney called for a “self-deportation” program and picked one of the authors of Arizona’s controversial immigration law as an adviser. Obama, meanwhile, used his executive powers to grant two-year deferrals to hundreds of thousands of young undocumented immigrants.

There’s no question that Republicans lost votes because of their hard-line stance, said Gary Segura, a Stanford University political science professor who runs Latino Decisions polling. Some 60 percent of Latino voters know someone who’s living in the country illegally, according to the polling.

“When you talk about self-deportation, you’re not talking about an abstract immigrant,” Segura said. “You’re talking about someone that the respondent knows, cares for and may in fact be related to.”

The Latino Decisions poll also found that 31 percent of Latino voters would be more likely to vote Republican if the party “took a leadership role” on immigration.

Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, D-Nev, pledged Wednesday to introduce an immigration package next year. He told Republicans they’d reject it at their own peril.

A coalition of Latino groups, including the United We Dream youth network, hopes to work with Reid and House Speaker John Boehner, R-Ohio, to find a solution.

They already have begun strategy sessions. One conversation that’s happening behind closed doors is whether it’s better to push for a larger, comprehensive immigration package or start with a more targeted DREAM Act, which would benefit the most sympathetic illegal immigrants but not necessarily their parents.

Whatever is introduced, the legislation probably would need to be broken into parts to get conservatives on board, said Michael Franc, the vice president of government studies at the Heritage Foundation, a conservative Washington research center.

Republicans are more willing to talk, but the conversation needs to focus more on highlighting economic-growth potential, attracting highly skilled labor and not perpetuating the welfare state, Franc said.

Former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush has made the case in the starkest terms. He told New York Magazine last month that he expects the Democratic presidential candidate to win Texas in 2016, which hasn’t happened since 1980. Some 26 percent of Texas’ eligible voters are Hispanic, the second-largest Hispanic eligible-voter share nationally, according to the Pew Hispanic Center.

“It’s a math question,” Bush said. “Four years from now, Texas is going to be a so-called blue state. Imagine Texas as a blue state – how hard it would be to carry the presidency or gain control of the Senate.”

Republicans leaders more likely will be the ones who trigger change within the party. The chorus continues to grow, from Rubio to Bush to Grover Norquist, the founder of Americans for Tax Reform.

Frank Sharry, the executive director of America’s Voice, which advocates for rights for undocumented immigrants, said he expected Republican senators such as McCain and South Carolina’s Lindsey Graham, who previously supported comprehensive changes in immigration policy, also to play a role.

“This is not rocket science,” Sharry said. “If they want to win the White House again, they need to get immigration off the table.”

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