"In 1947, a national public opinion poll had shown that 18% of Jewish respondents attended service once a month (the comparative figures were 65% for Protestants and 85% for Catholics). " [Other sources show Catholic U.S. pop. for 1948 at 19.9%; 19.9% * 85% = 16.92%]

"About a quarter of the American population is Catholic; of this number, half attend church regularly (at least several times a month) and another quarter attend at least once a month. " [50% + 25% = 75% "churchgoers. " 75% * 25% = 18.75% of U.S. pop.]

"Fewer than 20% of Costa Ricans attend mass regularly, and Sunday is rather more an occasion for the beach or other leisure pursuits. Many Ticos also adhere to the principle of personalismo; they go to church if they like the priest, and if they don't, they stay away. Women attend church more often then [sic] men, most males only going to church for baptisms, weddings, and funerals. "

"Religions: The government does not officially recognize any church, but the largest is the Roman Catholic Church, which had an estimated 45.3 million members in the mid-1970s, though less than one-fifth were regular church attenders. "

"Location: Italy; Population: About 57 million "; "Italy is an overwhelmingly Catholic country: 99% of Italians describe themselves as Roman Catholics, although the extent and nature of religious observance vary widely. It is estimated that only about one-third of Italian Catholics attend mass regularly. "

"Location: Portugal; Population: 10.5 million "; "The overwhelming majority of Portuguese (97%) are Roman Catholics, and Catholicism is the center of Portuguese life... While only about a third of the population attends church regularly, almost all Portuguese are baptized and married within the church and receive its last rites when they die. Religious observance is greater in the northern part of the country than in the south. "

"Location: Ireland; Population: 3.6 million "; Pg. 195: "Ireland is a staunchly Catholic country. Roman Catholics account for about 95% of Ireland's population, and nearly 90% of the Irish people attend mass every week. Pilgrimages to shrines and holy places at home and abroad attrct tens of thousands annually. Catholicism is strongly woven into the fabric of Irish life, influencing its laws, education, architecture, and daily life... "

Table 7 - numbers of kerkgangers during the ordinary telweekends in 1989.,1995.,1999 and 2000, as well as the number of kerkgangers with kerstmis 1995 and 2000 and with Easter 1989.,1999 and 2004: church pace in average weekend

Table 7 - numbers of kerkgangers during the ordinary telweekends in 1989.,1995.,1999 and 2000, as well as the number of kerkgangers with kerstmis 1995 and 2000 and with Easter 1989.,1999 and 2004: church pace in average weekend

Table 7 - numbers of kerkgangers during the ordinary telweekends in 1989.,1995.,1999 and 2000, as well as the number of kerkgangers with kerstmis 1995 and 2000 and with Easter 1989.,1999 and 2004: church pace in average weekend

Table 7 - numbers of kerkgangers during the ordinary telweekends in 1989.,1995.,1999 and 2000, as well as the number of kerkgangers with kerstmis 1995 and 2000 and with Easter 1989.,1999 and 2004: church pace in average weekend

Pg. 1: "population of 33 million... "; pg. 13: "Today the Church is a strong voice raised against the official atheism tht is the policy of the Communist government. No other Communist country has such a deeply ingrained religious faith: on any given Sunday, close to 90% of the Polish population goes to church. "

"the Roman Catholic church... measures those who attended mass on the last Sunday of November, the percentage of the adult population who did in 1981 was 10%, in 1991 7%, and in 1996 6.3%. " [Also data in table]

"the Roman Catholic church... measures those who attended mass on the last Sunday of November, the percentage of the adult population who did in 1981 was 10%, in 1991 7%, and in 1996 6.3%. " [Also data in table]

"the Roman Catholic church... measures those who attended mass on the last Sunday of November, the percentage of the adult population who did in 1981 was 10%, in 1991 7%, and in 1996 6.3%. " [Also data in table]

"Finally, subsequent to Vatican II there was a substantial decline in the proportion of Catholics attending mass during any given week. During the 1950s more than 70 percent of American Catholics claimed weekly attendance at mass. This continued into the early 1960s--71 percent told the Gallup Poll in 1964 that they had been to church within the past seven days. But the next year, attendance at mass began a decline that continued until 1978, when it stabilized at slightly more than 50 percent (D'Antonio et al. 1989). "

"Declines in religious participation were striking, from 74% of Catholics attending mass weekly in 1958 to 51% in 1982. " [Elsewhere Roman Cath. % of total pop. 1950s 22%. This times 74% yields 16.28% of total pop. is RCs who attend weekly.]

"There has been an especially sharp decline in the numbers of Roman Catholics who go to church weekly: 52% in 1978, as compared to 74% in 1958 (Public Opinion, 1979). " Pg. 447: Chart shows Protestant reported attendance, 1978, at 40%. [Other sources: 1958 R.C. total pop.: 36,024,000; 22.8% of U.S. pop.]

"There has been an especially sharp decline in the numbers of Roman Catholics who go to church weekly: 52% in 1978, as compared to 74% in 1958 (Public Opinion, 1979). " Pg. 447: Chart shows Protestant reported attendance, 1978, at 40%. [Other sources: 1978 R.C. total pop.: 50 million, or 24% of U.S. pop.]

"Declines in religious participation were striking, from 74% of Catholics attending mass weekly in 1958 to 51% in 1982. " [Elsewhere Roman Cath. % of total pop. 1982 - 26%. This times 51% yields 13.26% of total pop. is RCs who attend weekly.]

1993 study by sociologists Mark Chaves and Kirk Hadaway "concluded that only 19.6% of Protestants and 28% of Catholics were in church on any given week. " [23% of U.S. pop. Catholic, times 28% attendance]

"The findings come from a survey of parishes by the Center for Applied Research in the Apostolate, affiliated with Georgetown University. The survey said lay ministers outnumber priests in every region of the nation. The center's report said the average U.S. Catholic parish consists of 850 households and 2,000 individuals, among whom about 40 percent attend weekly Mass. "

Crim, Keith (ed.). The Perennial Dictionary of World Religions. San Francisco: Harper Collins (1989). Reprint; originally pub. as Abingdon Dictionary of Living Religions, 1981; pg. 77.

"Augustinians. The Order of St. Augustine (OSA) or Austin Friars, Roman Catholic Mendicant Friars, became a religious order by unions (1244, 1256) of hermit groups using the Rule of St. Augustine. In the early seventeenth century two branches arose: Augustinian Recollects (OAR) and Discalced (Barefoot) Augustinians (OAD). There are also communities of Augustinian nuns. "

Crim, Keith (ed.). The Perennial Dictionary of World Religions. San Francisco: Harper Collins (1989). Reprint; originally pub. as Abingdon Dictionary of Living Religions, 1981; pg. 95.

"Benedictines. Roman Catholic monks following the rule and spirit of St. Benedict (d. ca. 547), noted for moderate ascetism... They were leaders in Christianizing western Europe and furthering culture... Although in recent centuries kindred monasteries have joined in congregations, each monastery remains autonomous. The Order of St. Benedict (OSB) is a loose confederation, with no judicial ties, of these congregations. Benedictine nuns follow the rule and spirit of St. Benedict. "

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