Wednesday, July 31, 2013

Satellite Navigation System

From 1980’s onward many develop countries were thinking to get a
technique which help to find a exact location in any part of the
world.This technique was bring revolution in the world of
defense,because everyone know that if this plan actualize than it was
become easy to get the exact location of enemy countries important
defense department and crucial research laboratories.Not only that this
technique also help to guide the weapons in war field also helpful for
ICBM(Intercontinental Ballistic Missile)path finding.This technique is
also helpful for civil purpose,but my blog based on world of defense so
we discuss on that area.

This space based satellite navigation
technique have posses with USA and Russia,European Union ,China and
India also working in this field.

Global Position System:

USA
based satellite navigation technique has known as GPS(global positioning
system)In 1974 US start this project and in 1998 ,the US GPS system
actualize.US congress give permission for new efficient GPS 3 location
finders in 2000.US have 24 satellite to get the exact location in any
part of the world.GPS service is free to use in any part of the world
,but it has limited uses as per US norms.If any enemy country use this
technique than US defense department get there exact location for
them.Theoretically its accuracy is 14 nano seconds but actually it is
100 nano seconds.Now a days all the US weapon-logy and military hardware
based on the GPS signal.

Glonass:

This is Russian satellite
navigation system.This project was started in the year of 1974 during
USSR regime.This project hit badly due to collapse of USSR.In the
presidency of Bladimir putin this project have started on priority basis
and fund arises.In 2010 this project was started with 24 satellite and
gave coverage to Russia and rest of the world.Now this become the
alternate of GPS.Glonass was developed to give accuracy of 65m but in
reality it give accuracy in 20m in civil and 10m in military
uses.Russian navigation system uses 24 satellite and five in reserve.

Galileo:

This
is the name of the European Gps system ,built by European Union
countries .The total cost of the project is 5billion Euro.

Galileo
was providing better accuracy with increase in height compare to other
satellite positioning system. Galileo accuracy rate is one meter. This
service is free to use for certain limit.

Galileo is mainly
concentrate on communication and civil use it is not based on US GPS and
other countries like Russia, China or India.US can weak the signal or
not allowed in some conflict situation, this service is only available
to US allies and friendly countries. European Union rejects the Chinese
and Indian investment in this project only in one ground that they ask
this service use of their defense use.

Beidou Navigation Satellite System(Beidou)and Compass:

The
Chinese limited range satellite navigation system known as Beidou.It
gives coverage of China, China Sea south East Asian countries. Chinese
global satellite navigation system is also in line, which gives coverage
to whole world, but this will be in development mode. As China want to
establish himself as a global power, so he don’t want to depend on other
countries navigation system. Free for civilian uses but the accuracy
level for civilian purpose is 10m and for the military uses its accuracy
is 10 cm.The military uses only allowed to People liberation Army and
Pakistan Army.

Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System: Indian
satellite navigation system is also known as Indian Regional
Navigational Satellite System. Indian Space research Organization
develops IRNSS. India already uses US based GPS and Russian Glonass ,
but India want to avoid the condition like 1962 and 1971 when the Global
Power help China and Pakistan .Indian satellite navigation system is
based on civil as well as military purpose. The main reason to develop
this system to avoid the dependence on US and Russian navigation .As
India want to be a super power, and this is the right step on this path.
IRNSS helps India to become a regional power, but India still behind
other develop countries in global satellite navigation. I believe that
India in coming years will start the global satellite navigation system.