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Savai'i, the largest and highest of the Samoan islands, consists of a massive basaltic shield volcano constructed along a WNW-ESE-trending rift zone that splits into two rifts on the east side of the 75-km-long, oval-shaped island. Pliocene and Pleistocene shield formation was followed by stream and marine erosion, partial submergence, and growth of coral reefs. Late-stage Pleistocene and Holocene eruptions produced voluminous lava flows that partially buried fringing reefs. Numerous cinder cones and lava cones dot the broad crest of Savai'i, which has a low-angle, dome-like profile and reaches an elevation of 1858 m. Additional cones occur on the north-central flank, and a large number are found in the south-central part of the island. Three eruptions, including two in the 20th century, occurred in historical time, and produced voluminous lava flows that reached the northern coast along broad fronts up to about 15 km wide, destroying several villages and overtopping fringing reefs.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Cones

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Afutina

Cone

13° 39' 18" S

172° 13' 37" W

Anaota

Cone

13° 33' 0" S

172° 46' 23" W

Asi, Mount

Cone

13° 40' 0" S

172° 11' 10" W

Eleitoga

Cone

13° 36' 7" S

172° 38' 20" W

Fa'ani

Cone

13° 34' 52" S

172° 27' 18" W

Fagalo

Cone

13° 32' 31" S

172° 42' 18" W

Fogapoa

Cone

13° 40' 5" S

172° 11' 42" W

Fualua

Cone

13° 37' 55" S

172° 19' 5" W

Fui'avea

Lava cone

13° 32' 35" S

172° 23' 10" W

Le'ele

Pyroclastic cone

Mafane

Cone

13° 39' 25" S

172° 20' 31" W

Maga

Cone

13° 31' 23" S

172° 47' 49" W

Maile

Cone

13° 34' 1" S

172° 42' 29" W

Mana'omia

Cone

13° 38' 0" S

172° 23' 53" W

Masa

Cone

13° 38' 35" S

172° 14' 49" W

Mata'aga

Cone

13° 36' 11" S

172° 27' 7" W

Matafa

Cone

13° 37' 23" S

172° 19' 5" W

Mataulano

Pyroclastic cone

13° 37' 0" S

172° 20' 0" W

Matavanu

Cone

13° 31' 59" S

172° 24' 11" W

Mauga Mu
Aopo

Pyroclastic cone

13° 36' 43" S

172° 31' 30" W

Mauga Silisili

Pyroclastic cone

13° 36' 29" S

172° 28' 26" W

Maugaloa

Pyroclastic cone

13° 33' 7" S

172° 25' 37" W

Mulimauga

Cone

13° 33' 11" S

172° 24' 18" W

Olomanu Tai

Cone

13° 38' 42" S

172° 17' 49" W

Olomanu Uta

Cone

13° 38' 42" S

172° 19' 1" W

Pule

Cone

13° 33' 47" S

172° 24' 54" W

Pulea

Cone

13° 33' 7" S

172° 44' 0" W

Puna

Cone

13° 34' 0" S

172° 19' 30" W

Saleleloga

Cone

13° 42' 47" S

172° 13' 41" W

Samau

Cone

13° 33' 0" S

172° 42' 11" W

Savai'i, Tafua

Tuff cone

13° 46' 55" S

172° 15' 11" W

Siope

Cone

13° 36' 47" S

172° 27' 18" W

Tagotala

Cone

13° 33' 47" S

172° 17' 31" W

Tapu'ele'ele

Cone

13° 37' 59" S

172° 14' 13" W

Te'elagi

Cone

13° 38' 13" S

172° 26' 0" W

To'iavea

Pyroclastic cone

13° 36' 18" S

172° 20' 53" W

Vaiala

Cone

13° 39' 43" S

172° 12' 25" W

Vaiolo

Cone

13° 40' 0" S

172° 13' 1" W

Ve'a

Cone

13° 37' 5" S

172° 19' 59" W

Craters

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Mata Ole Afi

Crater

13° 37' 0" S

172° 31' 1" W

Mauga Afi
Manga Afi
Muaga Mua

Fissure vent

13° 36' 54" S

172° 34' 19" W

Savai'i, the largest and highest of the Samoan islands, fills this NASA Landsat image (with north to the top). The 75-km-long island consists of a massive basaltic shield volcano constructed along a WNW-ESE-trending rift zone that splits into two rifts on the east side of the island. The broad crest of Savai'i is dotted with numerous cinder cones and lava cones, some of which were the source of historical eruptions that produced lava flows that reached the sea.

NASA Landsat7 image (worldwind.arc.nasa.gov)

The oval-shaped, 75-km-long island of Savai'i, the largest and highest of the Samoan islands, consists of a massive basaltic low-angle shield volcano. Numerous cinder cones and lava cones dot the broad crest of Savai'i, which has a low-angle, dome-like profile and reaches an elevation of 1858 m. The fresh lava flows in the foreground were erupted during the most recent eruption of the volcano in 1905.

Photo by Karoly Nemeth (Massey University).

A major eruption of Savai'i took place from August 4 to November, 1905. Voluminous lava flows from the Matavanu vent on the north flank flowed 12 km to sea, destroying several villages and many fields. This image shows a pressure ridge on the lava flow, with the north coast in the background.

Photo by Karoly Nemeth (Massey University).

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography. Discussion of another volcano or eruption (sometimes far from the one that is the subject of the manuscript) may produce a citation that is not at all apparent from the title.

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).