Evaluation of the conceptual model of effective factors on Empowerment of the Tourism Development (Case study: West Azarbaijan)

نویسندگان [English]

E. safaralizadeh1؛ E. aliakbari1؛ MT. rahnamayi2

1pnu university

2tehran university

چکیده [English]

Extended abstract

1-Introduction
Tourism is a social activity that involves human behavior, use of resources and interaction with the people, economy and environment. Tourism is one of the most developed industries in the latter half of the twentieth century, such as Decartes (1979) considers the development Passport. Attention to this activity, try to enable it and introduce tourist attractions with an emphasis on regional development is essential. One way to gain a competitive advantage in the current situation, due to the rapid environmental changes, is empowering. Today's empowerment has become a matter of days, and no doubt, paying particular attention to factors affecting empowerment can be seen as the most important factor greater dynamism and effectiveness of policies and programs to be considered. The present study is to investigate the factors affecting the empowerment of tourism development in West Azarbaijan done. This province has a high potential for the development of historical and natural tourism. Studies on Cultural Heritage and Tourism, the tourism market trends prevailing in West Azarbaijan Province during the years (1380 to 1391) indicate an increase in the volume of demand. Therefore, it can be done with careful research and planning in the field of tourism potential and empower them, Targeted development of sustainable tourism in the province provides and therefore, can be competitive in the national and international operation.Â

2- Theoretical bases
Empowering word in the Oxford dictionary, means power, licensing and is capable of being. Empowerment can be used as a tool
To enable decision-making and as a personal experience that makes people take responsibility for their actions, described. Empowerment of the communities' landscape is a process and an outcome. Management is interested in empowerment in the tourism industry, which is related to the ability of competitiveness by improving the quality of service is obtained. Without empowerment at the community level, national efforts to develop tourism in the operation will fail. Often the local community's development as a process of empowerment and social change is recognized. Murphy, the idea of collective wisdom in tourism policy-making process through local community-based program, developed. Murphy, for this approach, the term applied to community-based tourism planning. In other words, In order to develop tourism should be considered empowerment as a multidimensional process,
Thereby the deliberative process, Often with features such as: (ability to make decisions, implement capacity, to accept responsibility for decisions, actions, consequences, etc.) is determined to provide the communities. Glimpse into the development of services, hospitality and tourism in countries such as France, Spain and Turkey in recent years, Show that human resource empowerment, a key factor in this field.
3-DiscussionÂ Â Â
In the present study, effective factors on empowerment of tourism development of West Azerbaijan province have been evaluated. The current research, based on the nature, is descriptive-analytical, and in terms of aim, is practical. Statistical population studied in this research was experts of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of West Azerbaijan province. Due to the extension of research area and the lack of accurate data about the number of people in the studied population, totally 100 persons were determined and chosen as the sample using the cluster and random sampling method. For data analysis, descriptive statistics methods were used and correlation test, regression and path analysis were used in inferential statistics to test research hypotheses. The results indicate that there is significant correlation between the province tourism development and studied components. Furthermore, based on the results of tests, three components of local communities' participation, empowerment of human resources and competitiveness of tourism destinations have significant correlation with the empowerment of tourism development of West Azerbaijan province. Moreover, tests results show that the "empowerment of human resources" variable has the highest effect on the empowerment of tourism development of the province.
4 â ConclusionÂ
Empowerment of tourism development, the establishment of legal frameworks, institutional, organizational, economic and social, is to increase performance. Empowerment In fact, the process is continuous and permanent. And in a dynamic environment is analyzed. In this study, the factors affecting the empowerment of tourism development in West Azerbaijan province is investigated. Component of the study, using a questionnaire for experts Tourism, by SPSS19 software and AMOS22, were analyzed. According to the material presented in this paper, it can be concluded that empowerment is an important factor for survival in competitive market tourism. Empowerment under the influence of human resources, community participation and competitiveness of tourism destinations. Between empowerment and the variables mentioned above, there is a significant relationship the development of tourism. Of the variables considered, empowerment of human resources has the greatest effect on empowerment. With possession workforce will enhance the competitiveness of tourism destinations and the effective participation of local communities and, consequently, the development of tourism is more effective.Â

5 â SuggestionsÂ
Considering components the study and research results in the empowerment of tourism development in West Azarbaijan, the following suggestions are provided:
Enhance the quality of human resources through the establishment of optimal absorption, training and upgrading of skills.
Strengthening and capacity building for local and regional organizations.
Formulation of participatory planning that all stakeholders in the area covered.
Enhance self-esteem in different ethnic groups and emphasizing the rich cultural history of the province.
Development of The investment unit and participation in the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism.
Establishing integrated management of tourism in the Identification of the role of government, the private sector, local communities and the promotion of public participation.
Improve quality and increase tourism appropriate infrastructure in the province.
Identification of relative and absolute advantage in the production of unique products aimed Competitiveness.
Tribal tourism development and the introduction of their capabilities,
as anthropology and cultural attractions.
Continuous assessment of changes in consumer taste, creativity and innovation in response to market demand changes rapidly.Â
Key words: "Tourism", "empowerment", "development", "West Azarbaijan"Â