The concept of motion clearly is intimately tied up with the
concept of time.
In the figure below, I have "replaced" the up-down space dimension
with time, under the assumption that all our motion is horizontal.
Such a diagram is called a space-time diagram.

Your world-line is the path you take through space-time.

2.

Time and memory.

Much of our idea about time involves memory.
However, the perception of motion probably does not involve
conscious memory but at least at the lowest level occurs in the
retina (see below).

3.

The arrow of time.

The perception that there is a remembered past and an unknown
future is related to what is called the arrow of time. It seems
as if we can go anywhere in space, but must move forward in time
at a fixed rate without choice. Part of our perception of time
involves the statistical behavior of large systems, which seem
to change from ordered to disordered states (e.g. weathering and
decay of buildings, etc.) if left to their own devices.

2.

Motion: Physics.

1.

Linear motion: meters/second.

Linear motion is the measured motion of something with
respect to a fixed grid of space.

2.

Angular motion: degrees/second.

Angular motion is the measured change in direction to a
moving object, as seen from a fixed point in space. We sense
angular motion when we use our eyes; however, our brains convert
the angular motion into linear motion in the space around us.

Ultimately, our perception of motion is not conceptually
different from that of color; we have to be told that something
is moving to make the connections in our brains, just as we have
to be told that an orange is orange.

3.

Motion: Perception.

1.

The three ways motion enters visual perception:

a.

The Image of a moving object crosses the retina.

b.

The eye follows a moving object; the background crosses the retina.

c.

The head follows a moving object; the background crosses the retina.

Each of these three ways provides different stimuli to
the brain. But, because the background is assumed to be fixed and
unmoving, the brain interprets the object to be moving in front of
the background.

Rapid-eye-movement consists of very fast saccades (jumps
in direction) and short fixations in one direction. There are typically
3-5 saccades per second. Each saccade lasts about 0.02-0.05 sec.
No information is processed in the saccade. Successive fixations
are compared to stabilize the image. Directional inhibition must
subtract off the overall shift.

3.

Is it motion?

The eye does not 'see' something move; it checks each
fixation image with the directional inhibition pattern provided by
the previous fixation image. Persistence is not involved.
Any blinking images are similar to fixation images, so the following
artificial situations are interpreted as motion.

a.

Blinking lights on a marquee.

b.

The movies.

c.

Strobe lights.

In this case, the brain has fun trying to 'align' successive
strobe images, with sometimes peculiar results.

There is no fixed geometry in space. We can only experience
motion of one object relative to another object. The brain
doesn't really know which object, or both, is moving, because there
is no such definition.

b.

Induced motion: you or the clouds?

Sometimes, if enough of the background IS moving, one's brain
interprets it as if he or she is moving.