A straightforward method for measuring the range of apparent density of microplastics.

Summary of "A straightforward method for measuring the range of apparent density of microplastics."

Density of microplastics has been regarded as the primary property that affect the distribution and bioavailability of microplastics in the water column. For measuring the density of microplastis, we developed a simple and rapid method based on density gradient solutions. In this study, we tested four solvents to make the density gradient solutions, i.e., ethanol (0.8 g/cm), ultrapure water (1.0 g/cm), saturated NaI (1.8 g/cm) and ZnCl (1.8 g/cm). Density of microplastics was measured via observing the float or sink status in the density gradient solutions. We found that density gradient solutions made from ZnCl had a larger uncertainty in measuring density than that from NaI, most likely due to a higher surface tension of ZnCl solution. Solutions made from ethanol, ultrapure water, and NaI showed consistent density results with listed densities of commercial products, indicating that these density gradient solutions were suitable for measuring microplastics with a density range of 0.8-1.8 g/cm.

Worldwide the seafloor has been recognized as a major sink for microplastics. However, currently nothing is known about the sediment microplastic pollution in the North Pacific sector of the Arctic Oc...

Uptake and toxicity of microplastics on marine organisms have been reported elsewhere. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the ecological effects of microplastics on marine organisms. In thi...

Microplastics are plastic fragments lower than 5 mm that are detected in the environment causing various effects on organisms. Several research articles have recognized Sewage Treatment Plants as im...

Like many urban rivers, the Pearl River in China is contaminated with microplastics. Compared with marine environments, microplastic pollution in freshwater is less understood, especially in urban riv...

The rapid dissemination of microplastics in many habitats of the oceans has raised concerns about the consequences for marine biota and ecosystems. Many adverse effects of microplastics on marine inve...

Range of motion at ankle joint and subtalar joint will be assessed before and after
utilization of ARM device. The changes in range of motion will be recorded and compared to
literature.

Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions

Dielectric Spectroscopy

A technique of measuring the dielectric properties of materials, which vary over a range of frequencies depending on the physical properties of the material. The technique involves measuring, over a range of frequencies, ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE and phase shift of an electric field as it passes through the material.

Absorptiometry, Photon

A noninvasive method for assessing BODY COMPOSITION. It is based on the differential absorption of X-RAYS (or GAMMA RAYS) by different tissues such as bone, fat and other soft tissues. The source of (X-ray or gamma-ray) photon beam is generated either from radioisotopes such as GADOLINIUM 153, IODINE 125, or Americanium 241 which emit GAMMA RAYS in the appropriate range; or from an X-ray tube which produces X-RAYS in the desired range. It is primarily used for quantitating BONE MINERAL CONTENT, especially for the diagnosis of OSTEOPOROSIS, and also in measuring BONE MINERALIZATION.

Centrifugation, Isopycnic

A technique used to separate particles according to their densities in a continuous density gradient. The sample is usually mixed with a solution of known gradient materials and subjected to centrifugation. Each particle sediments to the position at which the gradient density is equal to its own. The range of the density gradient is usually greater than that of the sample particles. It is used in purifying biological materials such as proteins, nucleic acids, organelles, and cell types.

Benchmarking

Method of measuring performance against established standards of best practice.

Densitometry

The measurement of the density of a material by measuring the amount of light or radiation passing through (or absorbed by) the material.