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Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1.

A gas
has

a.

a definite
volume but no definite shape.

b.

a definite shape but no definite
volume.

c.

no definite shape or definite volume.

d.

a definite
volume and definite shape.

2.

Ninety-nine percent of all the matter that can be observed in the universe exists
as

a.

gases.

c.

liquids.

b.

plasmas.

d.

solids.

3.

Matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape is a

a.

liquid.

c.

gas.

b.

solid.

d.

plasma.

4.

If
you move a substance from one container to another and its volume changes, the substance is
a

a.

solid.

c.

gas.

b.

liquid.

d.

solution.

Figure
3-1

5.

In
which of the substances in Figure 3-1 are the forces of attraction among the particles so weak that
they can be ignored under ordinary conditions?

a.

Substance A

c.

Substance C

b.

Substance
B

d.

all of the
above

6.

Forces of attraction limit the motion of particles most in

a.

a
solid.

c.

a
gas.

b.

a
liquid.

d.

both b and
c

7.

What
is the result of a force distributed over an area?

a.

temperature

c.

pressure

b.

volume

d.

mass

8.

Collisions of helium atoms with the walls of a closed container cause

a.

condensation.

c.

a decrease in
volume.

b.

gas pressure.

d.

an overall loss of energy.

9.

Which
of the following factors affects the pressure of an enclosed gas?

a.

temperature

c.

number of
particles

b.

volume

d.

all of the above

10.

Raising the temperature of a gas will increase its pressure if the volume of the
gas

a.

and the number
of particles are increased.

b.

is increased, but the number of particles is
constant.

c.

and the number of particles are
constant.

d.

is constant, but the number of particles is
reduced.

11.

The
temperature and volume in a closed container of gas remain constant. If the number of particles of
gas is increased, the gas pressure will

a.

increase.

b.

decrease.

c.

remain constant.

d.

cause a decrease
in the average kinetic energy of the particles.

12.

Which
of the following will cause a decrease in gas pressure in a closed container?

a.

lowering the
temperature

c.

adding more
gas

b.

reducing the
volume

d.

both a and
b

13.

The
law that states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins if
the pressure and the number of particles is constant is

a.

Boyles
law.

c.

Einsteins
law.

b.

Boses
law.

d.

Charless
law.

14.

Boyles law states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its
pressure if the

a.

temperature and
number of particles are constant.

b.

temperature reaches absolute zero.

c.

number of
particles decreases.

d.

temperature and number of particles are
doubled.

15.

If
the volume of a cylinder is reduced from 8.0 liters to 4.0 liters, the pressure of the gas in the
cylinder will change from 70 kilopascals to

a.

35 kilopascals.

c.

140 kilopascals.

b.

105
kilopascals.

d.

560
kilopascals.

16.

At a
temperature of 280 K, the gas in a cylinder has a volume of 20.0 liters. If the volume of the gas is
decreased to 10.0 liters, what must the temperature be for the gas pressure to remain
constant?

a.

140
K

c.

560
K

b.

273
K

d.

5600
K

17.

What
type of change occurs when water changes from a solid to a liquid?

a.

a phase
change

c.

an irreversible
change

b.

a physical change

d.

both a and b

18.

The
phase change that is the reverse of condensation is

a.

freezing.

c.

vaporization.

b.

sublimation.

d.

melting.

19.

During a phase change, the temperature of a substance

a.

increases.

c.

does not
change.

b.

decreases.

d.

increases or decreases.

20.

The
phase change that is the reverse of sublimation is

a.

condensation.

c.

vaporization.

b.

melting.

d.

deposition

21.

If a
solid piece of naphthalene is heated and remains at 80°C until it is completely melted, you know
that 80ºC is the

a.

freezing point of naphthalene.

c.

boiling point of naphthalene.

b.

melting point of
naphthalene.

d.

both a and
b

22.

The
heat of fusion for water is the amount of energy needed for water to

a.

freeze.

c.

melt.

b.

boil.

d.

evaporate.

23.

During which phase change does the arrangement of water molecules become more
orderly?

a.

melting

c.

boiling

b.

freezing

d.

condensing

24.

Which
of the following statements about ice melting is true?

a.

Energy flows
from the ice to its surroundings.

b.

Water molecules move from their fixed
position.

c.

Water molecules lose energy.

d.

The temperature
of the ice increases as it melts.

25.

The
phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas is

a.

deposition.

c.

condensation.

b.

sublimation.

d.

vaporization.

26.

The
phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid is

a.

freezing.

c.

sublimation.

b.

melting.

d.

condensation.

27.

The
phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing to a liquid
first is

a.

sublimation.

c.

vaporization.

b.

deposition.

d.

melting.

28.

The
phase change in which a substance changes from a gas directly to a solid is