Utility functions

1. ⇒ برّ

بَرَّ, [first pers. بَرِرْتُ,] aor. يَبَرُّ, (T, M, Mṣb,) inf. n. بِرٌّ, (M, Mṣb, Ḳ,)He was pious[towards his father or parents, and ‡ towards God;(see the explanations of the verb as used transitively;) and was kind, or good and affectionate and gentle in behaviour, towards his kindred; and kind, or good, in his dealings with strangers]: (Mṣb:)he was good, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest:(T, Mṣb:)[or he was amply, largely, or extensively, good or beneficent:] and he was true, or veracious.(M, Mṣb, Ḳ.)[Authorities differ as to the primary signification of this verb, and as to the subordinate meanings: see بِرٌّ below.] You say also, بَرَّ فِى قَوْلِهِ, (Mṣb, TA,) and فِى يَمِينِهِ, (Ṣ, M, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) first pers. بَرِرْتُ(T, A, Mgh, Ḳ) and بَرَرْتُ, (Ḳ,) aor. يَبَرُّ(M, Mṣb) and يَبِرٌّ, (M,) inf. n. بِرٌّ(Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and بَرٌّ, (Ḳ,) or بُرُورٌ, (Mṣb,)He was true, or veracious,(Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,)in his saying,(Mṣb, TA,) and in his oath.(Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

Root: بر - Entry: 1.―Signification: A2

بَرَّ عَمَلَهُ, and بُرَّ, inf. n. بِرٌّ and بُرُورٌ; andأَبَرَّ↓; [His deed, or work, was, or proved, good; or was well, or sinlessly, performed;] all signify the same. (M.) And بُرَّ العَمَلُ, i. e. الحَجُّ, a form of benediction, said to a person come from pilgrimage, May the deed, or work, i. e. the pilgrimage, have been sinlessly performed.(TA.) And بَرَّ حَجُّهُ, (T, Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. يَبَرُّ, (T,) inf. n. بِرٌّ(Ṣ, Mṣb,) or بُرُورٌ; (T;) and بُرَّ حَجُّهُ, (Fr, T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) aor. يُبَرُّ, inf. n. بِرٌّ; (T;)His pilgrimage was sinlessly performed:(Sh, T:) or was characterized by the giving of food, and by sweetness of speech; as explained by Moḥammad himself: was accepted: was rewarded.(TA.)

بَرَّتْ بِى سِلْعَتُهُ, inf. n. بِرٌّ, ‡ His commodity, or article of merchandise, was easy of sale to me,(Aboo-Saʼeed, T, A,*)and procured me gain:(A:) originally meaning it recompensed me, by its high price, for my care of it. (T.)[See also بَرَّهُ, below.]

Root: بر - Entry: 1.＝Dissociation: B

بَرَّ وَالِدَهُ, (M,)[and app. بِوَالِدِهِ, (see بَرٌّ,)] first pers. بَرِرْتُ(Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ) and بَرَرْتُ, (M, Ḳ,) aor. يَبَرُّ(Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ) and يَبِرُّ, (M, Ḳ,) inf. n. بِرٌّ(Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ) and مَبَرَّةٌ(Ṣ, Ḳ, Mṣb *) and بُرُورٌ, (Mṣb,)He treated, or behaved towards, his father with filial piety, duty, or obedience;(TA;) or with ample obedience;(B;) the inf. ns. signifying the contr. ofعُقُوقٌ: (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ:)he treated, or behaved towards, his father with good obedience, and with gentleness, or courtesy, striving to do the things that were pleasing to him, and to avoid what were displeasing to him.(Mṣb.) And [hence, app., for accord. to the A it is tropical.]بَرَّ خَالِقَهُ, (Ṣ,) or رَبَّهُ, (A,) aor. يَبَرُّ, (Ṣ, A,) inf. n. بِرٌّ; (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ;) andتبرّرهُ↓; (Ṣ, Ḳ;*) ‡ He obeyed his Creator, or his Lord;(Ṣ, M,* A, Ḳ;*)[was pious towards Him;]served Him; rendered religious service to Him:(TA:) or rendered Him ample obedience: the obedience here meant is of two kinds; namely, that of belief and that of works; and both these kinds are meant by البِرّ in the Ḳur ii. 172. (B.)[And app. بَرَّتْ وَلَدَهَا, or بِوَلَدِهَا, She behaved with maternal affection towards her child, or offspring. (See بَرٌّ.)] And بَرَّهُ, (M,) and بَرَّ رَحِمَهُ, (T,) first pers. بَرِرْتُ, (T, M,) inf. n. بِرٌّ, (T, M, Ḳ,)He behaved towards him, and towards his kindred, or relations, with kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for his, or their, circumstances; syn. وَصَلَهُ[and وَصَلَهُمْ]: (T, M, Ḳ:) such is said to be the signification of the verb as use in the Ḳur lx. 8. (M, B, TA. [See also 3.]) And اَللّٰهُ يَبَرُّ عِبَادَهُ † God is merciful to his servants:(M, TA:) or بَرَّهُ, inf. n. بِرٌّ, said of God, means He recompensed him, or rewarded him, for his obedience.(B, TA.)[بَرَّهُ بِكَذَا(occurring in the Ṣ and Ḳ in explanation of أَلْطَفَهُ بِكَذَا) may be rendered He showed kindness,, &c., to him by such a thing, or such an action,, &c.: and also he presented him with such a thing; like وَصَلَهُ بِكَذَا.]

3. ⇒ بارّ

بارّهُ, inf. n. مُبَارَّةٌ, He behaved towards him with kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for his circumstances; or he did so, experiencing from him the same behaviour; syn. of the inf. n. مُلَاطَفَةٌ. (Ṣ and Ḳ in art. لطف: but only the inf. n. is there mentioned. [See also 1.])

ابرّ فُلَانٌ قَسَمَ فُلَانٍSuch a one assented, or consented, to the conjurement of such a one:أَحْنَثُهُ signifies “he assented not,” or “consented not, thereto.” (T, TA.)

Root: بر - Entry: 4.＝Dissociation: C

ابرّ عَلَيْهِمْ, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) inf. n. as above, (T, TA,)He overcame them:(T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ:)he subdued them, or overcame them, by good or other actions;(TA;)by actions or sayings;(TA;) as alsoبَرَّهُمْ↓, aor. يَبُرُّ: (T, Ḳ, TA:)he was refractory, or stubborn, and overcame them.(TA, from a trad.) You say, ابرّ عَلَى خَصْمِهِ[He overcame his adversary]. (A.) And ابرّ عَلَيْهِمْ شَرًّا[He overcame them in evil]: and hence ابرّ is used in the sense of فَجَرَ[he transgressed,, &c.]; as in the saying of a poet,

6. ⇒ تبارّ

تبارّواThey practised mutualبِرّ[meaning kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for each other's circumstances]. (Ṣ.)

R. Q. 1. ⇒ بربر

بَرْبَرَ, inf. n. بَرْبَرَةٌ, He talked much, and raised a clamour, or confused noise,(M, Ḳ,)with his tongue:(M:)he cried, or cried out,(Ṣ, Ḳ,)and talked in anger,(Ṣ,) or talked confusedly, with anger and aversion.(TA.) And بَرْبَرَ فِى كَلَامِهِHe was profuse and unprofitable in his talk.(Fr.)

Root: بر - Entry: R. Q. 1.―Signification: A2

Also, inf. n. as above, He(a goat)uttered a cry or cries,[or rattled,](M, Ḳ,)being excited by desire of the female.(M.)

بَرٌّ /
بَرِرٌ /
بَرَّةٌ

بَرٌّ[originally بَرِرٌ](M, Mṣb, Ḳ) andبَارٌّ↓(Mṣb)Pious[towards his father or parents, and ‡ towards God; ‡ obedient to God, serving God, or rendering religious service to God; (see 1;) and kind, or good and affectionate and gentle in behaviour, towards his kindred; and good in his dealings with strangers]; good, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest:(Mṣb:)true, or veracious:(M, Mṣb, Ḳ:) and both signify also abounding inبِرّ[or filial piety,, &c.]: (Ḳ:) the former is [said to be] a stronger epithet than the latter, like as عَدْلٌ is stronger than عَادِلٌ: (B:)[but its pl. shows that it is not, like عَدْلٌ, originally an inf. n.: it is a regular contraction of بَرِرٌ, like as بَارٌّ is of بَارِرٌ:] the fem. of each is with ة: (Lḥ, M:) the pl. (of the former, Ṣ, M, Mṣb, or of the latter, B) is أَبْرَاٌ; and (of the latter, Ṣ, M, Mṣb, or of the former, B)بَرَرَةٌ: (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ:) the former pl. is often specially applied to saints, those who abstain from worldly pleasures, and devotees; and the latter, to the recording angels. (B.) You say, أَنَا بَرٌّ بِوَالِدِى, andبَارٌّ↓, I am characterized by filial piety, dutifulness, or obedience, to my father:(Ṣ, M, A:*) the latter is mentioned on the authority of Kr; but some disallow it. (M, TA.) And الأُمُّ بَرَّةٌ بِوَلَدِهَا[The mother is maternally affectionate to her child, or offspring]. (Ṣ.) And رَجُلٌ بَرٌّ بِذِى قَرَابَتِهِ, andبَارٌّ↓, A man who behaves towards his kindred with kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for their circumstances.(T.) And رَجُلٌ بَرٌّ سَرٌّA man who treats with goodness and affection and gentleness, and rejoices, or gladdens, his brethren: pl. بَرُّونَ سَرُّونَ. (Ṣ,* Ḳ,* TA, in art. سر.) And بَرٌّ فِى قَوْلٍ, and فِى يَمِينٍ, andبَارٌّ↓, True, or veracious, in a saying, and in an oath.(Mṣb.) And يَمِينٌ بَرَّةٌ andبَارَّةٌ↓[A true oath; or an oath that proves true]. (Ḥam p. 811.)البَرُّ is also a name of God; (M, Ḳ;) meaning † The Merciful, or Compassionate:(M:) or the Very Benign to his servants;(IAth;)the Ample in goodness or beneficence:(B:)البَارُّ is not so used. (IAth.) It is said in a trad., تَمَسَّحُوا بِالأَرْضِ فَإِنَّهَا بَرَّةٌ بِكُمْ † Wipe yourselves with the dust, or earth,[in performing the ceremony termed التَّيَمُّمُ,]for it is benignant towards you, like as the mother is to her children; meaning, ye are created from it, and in it are your means of subsistence, and to it ye return after death: (IAth:) or the meaning is, that your tents, or houses, are upon it, and ye are buried in it. (M.)

Root: بر - Entry: بَرٌّ＝Dissociation: B

بَرٌّLand; opposed to بَحْرٌ[as meaning “sea” and the like]: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) from بِرٌّ signifying “ampleness,” “largeness,” or “extensiveness;” (Esh-Shiháb [El-Khafájee], MF;) or the former word is the original of the latter. (B, TA. [See the latter word.])[Hence, بَرًّا وَبَحْرًاBy land and by sea.]

Root: بر - Entry: بَرٌّ―Signification: B2

A desert, or deserts; a waste, or wastes.(T, TA. [See also بَرِّيَّةٌ, voce بَرِّيٌّ.]) So, accord. to Mujáhid [and the Jel] in words of the Ḳur [vi. 59], وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِى البَرِّ وَالبَحْرِAnd He knoweth what is in the desert, or deserts, and the towns, or villages, in which is water,(T, TA,) or which are upon the rivers.(Jel.)[So too in the phrase نَبَاتُ البَرِّThe plants, or herbage, of the desert or waste; the wild plants or herbage. And عَسَلُ البَرِّHoney of the desert; wild honey. And حَيَوَانُ البَرِّThe animal, or animals, of the desert; the wild animal or animals.]

Root: بر - Entry: بَرٌّ―Signification: B3

A wide tract of land.(Bḍ in ii. 41.)

Root: بر - Entry: بَرٌّ―Signification: B4

[The open country; opposed to بَحْرٌ as meaning the “cities,” or “towns,” “upon the rivers:” see the latter word.]

Root: بر - Entry: بَرٌّ―Signification: B5

Elevated ground, open to view.(T.)

Root: بر - Entry: بَرٌّ―Signification: B6

The tract, or part, out of doors, or where one is exposed to view; contr. ofكِنٌّ: used by the Arabs indeterminately; [without the article ال;] as in the phrase, جَلَسْتُ بَرًّا(Lth, T) meaning I sat outside the house;(A;) and خَرَجْتُ بَرًّا(Lth, T) meaning I went forth outside the[house or]town,(A,) or into the desert:(TA:) but [Az says,] these are post-classical phrases, which I have not heard from the chaste-speaking Arabs of the desert. (T.)

بُرٌّ

بُرٌّWheat; and the grain of wheat; syn. قَمْحٌ, (Ṣ,* Mṣb,) or حِنْطَةٌ; (M, Ḳ;) but it is a more chaste word than قَمْحٌ and حِنْطَةٌ: (M:)pl. of بُرَّةٌ; (Ṣ, M;) or [rather]بُرَّةٌ is the n. un. [signifying a grain of wheat, like قَمْحَةٌ]: (IDrd, Mṣb:)the pl. of بُرٌّ is أَبْرَارٌ; (Ḳ;) or this pl. is allowable on the ground of analogy, accord. to Mbr, but is disallowed by Sb. (Ṣ.) It is said in a prov., (TA,)هُوَ أَقْصَرُ مِنْ برَّةٍ[He, or it, is shorter than a grain of wheat]. (A, TA.) And you say, أَطْعمَنَا ٱبْنَ بُرَّةٍHe fed us with bread.(A.)

بِرٌّ

بِرٌّinf. n. of 1: (T, Ṣ, M, &c.:) it is said by some to signify primarily Ampleness, largeness, or extensiveness; whence بَرٌّ as opposed to بَحْرٌ: then,

Root: بر - Entry: بِرٌّ―Signification: A2

Benevolent and solicitous regard or treatment or conduct[to parents and others; i. e. piety to parents; and ‡ towards God]: and goodness, or beneficence: and kindness, or good and affectionate and gentle behaviour, and regard for the circumstances of another:(Esh-Shiháb [El-Khafájee], MF:) or بَرٌّ, as opposed to بَحْرٌ, [or as signifying “a wide tract of land,” (Bḍ in ii. 41,)] is the original of بِرٌّ, (Bḍ in ii. 41, B, TA,) which signifies ample, large, or extensive, goodness or beneficence,(Z, in the Ksh, ii. 41, [but he regards it as the original of بَرٌّ,] and Bḍ on the same passage, and B, Ḳ, TA,)to men;(TA;) or comprehending every kind of goodness:(Ksh and Bḍ ubi suprà:) and hence it is said to be in three things: in the service of God: in paying regard to relations; acting well to them: and in dealing with strangers:(Bḍ ubi suprà:) or every deed that is approved:(Ksh and Bḍ in ii. 172:) and [particularly]obedience to God:(T, Ṣ, M, &c.: [see also بَرَّةُ:])[and every incumbent duty: and hence,] the pilgrimage to Mekkeh:(Ḳ:) and fidelity to an engagement:(TA:) also a gratuitous gift, or favour; and a bounty, or benefit; syn. فَضْلٌ; (Mṣb;) and إِحْسَانٌ; as alsoمَبَرَّةٌ↓[an inf. n., but when used as a simple subst. its pl. is مَبَارٌ and مَبَرَّاتٌ]. (Ḥar p. 94.) In the Ḳur [ii. 172], where it is said, لُكِنَّ البِرَّ مَنْ آمَنَ بِٱللّٰهِ, by البرّ is meant ذَا البِرِّ[i. e. But the pious, or obedient to God, is he who believeth in God]; (T, M, Ksh, Bḍ, Jel;) and some read البَارَّ: (Ksh, Bḍ, Jel:) or the meaning is, لكنّ البِرَّ بِرُّ من آمن باللّٰه i. e. but the obedience of which it behooveth one to be mindful is the obedience of him who believeth in God:(Sb, T, IJ, M, Ksh, Bḍ:) and this explanation is preferable to the former. (Bḍ.)It is said in a prov., (T, Ṣ,)لَا يَعْرِفُ هِرًّا مِنْ بِرٍ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ, but in the T and M مَا is put in the place of لا,) meaning He knows not him who dislikes him, or hates him, from him who behaves towards him with kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for his circumstances:(Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ,* TA:) or undutiful conduct to a parent from gentleness, or courtesy:(El-Fezáree, T, Ḳ:) or altercation,(T,) or dislike, or hatred,(Ḳ,)from honourable treatment:(T, Ḳ:) or the calling of sheep, or goats, from the driving of them:(IAạr, Ṣ, Ḳ:) or the driving of sheep, or goats, from the calling of them:(Yoo, T:) or the calling of them to water from the calling of them to fodder;(Ḳ;) which last rendering is agreeable with an explanation of بِرٌّ by IAạr [mentioned in the T]; (TA;) andبِرْبِرٌ↓, also, has the signification here assigned to بِرٌّ: (Ḳ,* TA:) or الهَرْهَرَةfromالبَرْبَرَة; (AʼObeyd, T, Ḳ;) i. e. the crying of sheep from the crying of goats:(AʼObeyd, T:) or the cat from the rat, or mouse:(IAạr, T, M, Ḳ:) and بِرٌّ also signifies the [species of rat called]جُرَذ: (Aboo-Tálib, T, Ḳ:) or a small animal resembling the rat or mouse:(M:) and the young of the fox.(Ḳ.)

Root: بر - Entry: بِرٌّ―Signification: A3

Also Good, as a subst., not an adj.; syn. خَيْرٌ; (Sh, T, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) which comprises all that has been said in explanation of بِرٌّ(Sh, T, Mgh) as used in the saying of Moḥammad, عَليْكُمْ بِالصِّدْقِ فَإِنَّهُ يَهْدِى إِلَى البِرِّ[Keep ye to truth; for it guides to good, or to a good, or right, state]: some render it in this instance by الخَيْر; and some, by الصَّلَاح. (Sh, T.) It signifies also The good of the present life, consisting in spiritual and worldly blessings, and of that which is to come, consisting in everlasting enjoyment in Paradise: so in the Ḳur iii. 86: (T:) or [simply]Paradise.(Ḳ.)

Root: بر - Entry: بِرٌّ―Signification: A4

Also The heart; or the mind.(Ḳ.) So in the saying, هُوَ مُطْمَئِنُّ البِرِّ[He is quiet, or at rest, in heart, or mind]. (TA.)

بَرِيرٌ / بَرِيرَةٌ

[بَرِيرٌ a coll. gen. n.] The fruit of theأَرَاك[q. v.], (Ṣ, M,)in a general sense:(M:) or the first thereof;(Ḳ;)[i. e.] the first that appears, or when it first appears, and is sweet:(M:) or when it has become hard:(Mṣb:) or when it is larger in its berries (حَبّ) than such as is termedكَبَاث, and smaller in its clusters; having a round, small, hard stone, a little larger than theحِمَّص; its cluster filling the hand:(AḤn, M:) n. un. with ة{بَرِيرَةٌ}. (AḤn, Ṣ, M, Mṣb.)

بُرَّى

بُرَّىA good, sweet, or pleasant, word or expression or saying:(Ḳ:) from بِرٌّ signifying “benevolent and solicitous regard or treatment or conduct.” (TA.)

بَرِّىٌّ

[بَرِّىٌّOf, or belonging to, or relating to, the land as opposed to the sea or a great river.]

Root: بر - Entry: بَرِّىٌّ―Signification: A2

[And Of, or belonging to, or relating to, the desert or waste; growing, or living, or produced, in the desert or waste; wild, or in an uncultivated state.]

Root: بر - Entry: بَرِّىٌّ―Signification: A3

[And hence,]أَرْضٌ بَرِّيَّةٌUncultivated land; without seed-produce, and unfruitful; without green herbs or leguminous plants and without waters; contr. ofرِيفِيَّةٌ. (IAạr, M, Ḳ.*) And, simply, بَرَّيَّةٌ↓, (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) andبَرِّيتٌ↓, (AʼObeyd, IAạr, Sh, Ṣ, Ḳ,) the latter a variation of the former, the ى being made quiescent, and the ة therefore being changed into ت, as in عِفْرِيتٌ, originally عِفْرِيَةٌ, (Ṣ,) a rel. n. from بَرٌّ, (Sh, T, Mṣb,)A desert; a waste; a spacious tract of ground without herbage; syn. صَحْرَآءُ: (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ:)[see also بَرٌّ:] or a tract nearer to the desert (البَرّ) than it is to water:(Sh, T:)[but some write the latter word بِرِّيتٌ↓; and it is said that]بِرِّيتُ, (T and Ḳ in art. برت,) of the same measure as سِكِّيتٌ, (Ḳ in that art.,) signifies flat, even, or level, land:(T, Ḳ:) or a barren, flat, even, or level, land: a poet says,

* بِرِّيتُ أَرْضٍ بَعْدَهَا بِرِّيتُ *

[A barren, flat land, after which is a second barren, flat land]: (T:) ISd says that بِرِّيتٌ, in a poem of Ru-beh, [from which the ex. given above is probably taken,] is of the measure فِعْلِيتٌ from البَرُّ; and that art. برت is not the place in which it should be mentioned: (TA:) Lth says, البَرِّيتُ is a noun derived from البَرِّيَّةُ; the ى becoming quiescent, and the ة becoming an inseparable ت, as though it were a radical letter, as in the case of عِفْرِيَةٌ, which thus becomes عِفْرِيتٌ: (T, TA:)the pl. of برّيّة is بَرَارِىُّ; and that of برّيت is بَرَارِيتُ. (Ṣ.)

بَرِّيَّةٌ /
بَرِّيتٌ /
بِرِّيتٌ

بَرَّارٌ

بَرَّارٌ as signifying A possessor ofبُرّ, i. e. wheat, though agreeable with prevailing analogy, is not allowable, not being sanctioned by usage. (Sb, M.)

بَرَّانِىٌّ

بَرَّانِىٌّExternal; or outward: apparent; public.(T.) Hence the saying of Selmán, (T,)مَنْ أَصْلَحَ جَوَّانِيَّهُ أَصْلَحَ ٱللّٰهُ بَرَّانِيَّهُ(T, A, Ḳ)Whoso maketh his inner man (سَرِيرَتَهُ) to be good, God will make his outward man (عَلَانِيَتَهُ) to be good.(T.)بَرَّانِىٌّ is a rel. n., irregularly formed, (Ḳ,) from بَرٌّ signifying “elevated ground, open to view;” and جَوَّانِىٌّ, from جَوٌّ signifying “any low, or depressed, part of the ground.” (T.) You say, افْتَتَحَ البَابَ البَرَّانِىَّHe opened the outer door.(A.)

بَرْبَرُ

بَرْبَرُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or البَرْبَرُ, (Mgh, Mṣb,)[a coll. gen. proper name, of which the n. un., or rel. n., is بَرْبَرِىٌّ↓,] a foreign word, (Ṣ,)[probably of African origin, the primary form of which is the source of Βάρβαρος, &c.,] arabicized; (Mṣb;) or, as some say, from بَرْبَرَةٌ in speech; (TA; [see R. Q. 1;]) and البَرَابِرَةُ, (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,)the pl. of بَرْبَرُ, (Ḳ,)or of البَرْبَرُ, (Mṣb,)[or of بَرْبَرِىٌّ, agreeably with what follows and with analogy,] the ة being added because the sing. is a foreign word, or [so in the M and TA, but in the Ṣ “and,”] a rel. n., (Ṣ, M,) but it may be elided; [so that one may say البَرَابِرُ;](Ṣ;)A certain people,(Ṣ, M, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,)of the inhabitants of El-Maghrib[or Northern Africa west of Egypt], (Mgh,* Mṣb, Ḳ,*)like the Arabs of the desert in hardness, and coarseness, or rudeness,(Mgh,* Mṣb,)and in slightness of religion, and littleness of knowledge:(Mgh:) and another people,[the Colobi mentioned by Diodorus Siculus and Strabo,]between the Abyssinians and the Zinj, who amputate[the glans of]the penis, and make it a dowry for a wife.(Ḳ.)[There are various opinions of the origins of these races. The appellation of البَرَابِرَةُ, sing. بَرْبَرِىٌّ↓, is also applied by late historians, and in the present day, to The races inhabiting the portion of the valley of the Nile which we commonly call Nubia.]

بُرْبُرٌ

بِرْبِرٌ

بَرْبَرِىٌّ

بَرْبَارٌ

بَرْبَارٌ One who talks much, and raises a clamour, or confused noise,(M, Ḳ,)with his tongue:(M:)who cries, or cries out,(Ṣ, Ḳ,)and talks in anger,(Ṣ,) or talks confusedly, with anger and aversion:(TA:)who vociferates much;(TA;) as alsoبُرْبُرٌ↓: (Ḳ:) andبَرْبَرِىٌّ↓ signifies one who talks much and unprofitably.(Fr.)

Root: بر - Entry: بَرْبَارٌ―Signification: A2

البَرْبَارُThe lion; as alsoالمُبَرْبِرُ↓: (Ḳ:) because of the confused noise that he makes, and his aversion and anger. (TA.)

Root: بر - Entry: بَرْبَارٌ―Signification: A3

دَلْوٌ بَرْبَارٌA bucket that makes a noise(M, Ḳ)in the water.(M.)

بُرْبُورٌ

بُرْبُورٌWhat is termedجَشِيش[i. e. coarselyground flour,, &c.], (M, CK, [in MṢ. copies of the Ḳ, and of the Ṣ also, حَشِيش, which is evidently a mistranscription,])of wheat.(Ṣ, M, Ḳ.)

بَارٌّ / بَارَّةٌ

أَبَرٌّ

أَبَرٌّ[accord. to analogy signifies More, and most, pious, &c.: see بَرٌّ. But the only meaning that I find assigned to it in any of the lexicons is that here following.]

Root: بر - Entry: أَبَرٌّ＝Dissociation: B

More, and most, distant in the desert,(T, Ḳ,)as to habitation.(T.) So in the saying, أَفْصَحُ العَرَبِ أَبَرُّهُمْThe most chaste in speech of the Arabs are the most distant of them in the desert, as to habitation.(T, Ḳ.* [In the latter, instead of افصح, we find أَصْلَحُ.])

مَبَرَّةٌ

مَبْرُورٌ

مَبْرُورٌ, applied to a pilgrimage, Sinlessly performed:(Sh, T, Mgh:) or characterized by the giving of food and by sweetness of speech; as explained by Moḥammad himself: accepted: rewarded.(TA.)مَبْرُورٌ مَأْجُورٌ[Thou art accepted, or approved, and rewarded] and مَبْرُورًا مَأْجُورًا[Go thou accepted, or approved, and rewarded] are forms of benediction: the former, of the dial. of Temeem; أَنْتَ being understood: the latter, of the dial. of the people of El-Ḥijáz; اِذْهَبْ being understood. (M.)