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2 Background Definitions Elite clubs Football - Top division for men and women + second division for men Handball - Top division for men and women Ice hockey - Top division for men

3 Background The Danish context Ownership season 2012/13 Football Handball Ice hockey Total No. of stadiums Owned by the municipalities Partly owned Owned by the club Other Since year 2000 Danish municipalities have invested 2 billion DKK (approx. $ 366 million) in facilites mostly aimed for elite sport (Wøllekær 2010)

4 Background The requirements from the Danish FA Requirements since 2003/04-60 stadium requirements to be able to partcitipate in the top division of which 51 are compulsory A majority of the stadiums used by clubs in the top division and second division have been newly built or renovated/major renovated since 2003/04

5 Background Stadium requirements from the Scandinavian FAs for participation in top division Denmark Sweden Norway No. of clubs Minimum no. of individual seats Standing area Yes Maximum 20 % of the stadiums capacity Minimum capacity Maximum 40 % of the stadiums capacity At least the average from last season Heating under the pitch Yes Yes Yes Floodlight 1,000 LUX in average, but 1,400 LUX is recommended 1,200 LUX 1,200 LUX

6 Background Consequences from the Danish FA if you as club do not meet the requirements The club do not receive the license and cannot play in the league to which they are qualified Possibility to get a dispensation The dispensation is only valid for one season Can be renewed if the club can prove that there are concrete plans to fulfill the requirements

12 Results Has the municipality since 2007 experienced a pressure from the Danish FA or the local elite football(s) clubs to provide facilities? (%) (n=54)

13 Results Has the municipality since 2007 chosen to invest in facilities to meet the requirements from the federation(s) or club(s)? (n=54)

14 Results Manual for the top division (Superligaen) 7.3 Benefits for the clubs A stadium, that within all areas are of top quality, will attract more spectators and thereby financial resources to the owner of the stadium and/or the club. It will make it possible to finance upcoming stadium facilities and also serves as a major source of income for the club. Finally, numerous spectators at a stadium will contribute to a game can be held in a great atmosphere.

15 Results Average top division 2003/ /13 Average per club 2003/ /13

16 Results Capacity utilisation 2012/13 (%)

17 Conclusions The Danish municipalities own a majority of the elite sport facilites Major investments by the municipalities The municipalities wish to have elite clubs Requirements from the Danish FA Pressure from the FA and the clubs The requirements are too harsh in relation to the actual need Taxpayers money could be better spent

18 That s all Questions? Contact details:

19 Background The International debate World Stadium Index (2012) - Stadium requirements from international federations (FIFA, UEFA) - Municipalities/regions are paying for the contruction and maintenance costs - Several stadiums are underutilised - External and not local needs

20 Introduction Background Method Results Conclusions

21 Background The Swedish debate Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SALAR) - A critical approach to the requirements from the national federations - The requirements could result in cut downs in the social welfare - Funding policy Swedish federations - Requirements are not targeted towards the muncipalities but towards the clubs - Do not recognize the concerns from the municipalities - Investments in facilities is a political decision

Sport for the elderly - Teenagers of the future Play the Game 2013 Aarhus, 29 October 2013 Ditte Toft Danish Institute for Sports Studies +45 3266 1037 ditte.toft@idan.dk A growing group in the population

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