Abstract (version anglaise) :
« Theory of the Commons mainly concerns natural commons pool ressources and the way community manage them. This article show how this theory is also enlighting for digital goods that first appear as abondant public goods. In front of a second enclosure movement or the imposition of intellectual property framework over any form of knowledge creation, the Commons approach confirm the intuition of Roger T. Pédauque that any document primarily lie into the community that create, use and share it. We use the examples of the free software movement and the question of traditional knowledge to explain contradiction between the intellectual property approach and the commons’ one. The Knowledge commons need new forms of regulation, incentive and valorisation, both in the economic and cultural meanings. »