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CHAPTER 36

Edomite Lists.*1These are the descendants of Esau (that is, Edom).
2* Esau took his wives from among the Canaanite women: Adah, daughter of Elon the Hittite; Oholibamah, the daughter of Anah the son of Zibeon the Hivite;a3and Basemath, daughter of Ishmael and sister of Nebaioth.
4Adah bore Eliphaz to Esau; Basemath bore Reuel;b5and Oholibamah bore Jeush, Jalam and Korah. These are the sons of Esau who were born to him in the land of Canaan.c

6Esau took his wives, his sons, his daughters, and all the members of his household, as well as his livestock, all his cattle, and all the property he had acquired in the land of Canaan, and went to the land of Seir, away from his brother Jacob.d7Their possessions had become too great for them to dwell together, and the land in which they were residing could not support them because of their livestock.
8So Esau settled in the highlands of Seir. (Esau is Edom.)e9These are the descendants of Esau,* ancestor of the Edomites, in the highlands of Seir.

10These are the names of the sons of Esau: Eliphaz, son of Adah, wife of Esau, and Reuel, son of Basemath, wife of Esau.
11f The sons of Eliphaz were Teman, Omar, Zepho, Gatam, and Kenaz.
12Timna was a concubine of Eliphaz, the son of Esau, and she bore Amalek to Eliphaz. Those were the sons of Adah, the wife of Esau.
13These were the sons of Reuel: Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah. Those were the sons of Basemath, the wife of Esau.g14These were the sons of Esau’s wife Oholibamah—the daughter of Anah, son of Zibeon—whom she bore to Esau: Jeush, Jalam, and Korah.h

15These are the clans of the sons of Esau. The sons of Eliphaz, Esau’s firstborn: the clans of Teman, Omar, Zepho, Kenaz,
16Korah, Gatam, and Amalek. These are the clans of Eliphaz in the land of Edom; they are the sons of Adah.
17These are the sons of Reuel, son of Esau: the clans of Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah. These are the clans of Reuel in the land of Edom; they are the sons of Basemath, wife of Esau.
18These were the sons of Oholibamah, wife of Esau: the clans of Jeush, Jalam, and Korah. These are the clans of Esau’s wife Oholibamah, daughter of Anah.
19These are the sons of Esau—that is, Edom—according to their clans.

20These are the sons of Seir the Horite,* the inhabitants of the land: Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah,i21Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan; those are the clans of the Horites, sons of Seir in the land of Edom.
22j The sons of Lotan were Hori and Hemam, and Lotan’s sister was Timna.
23These are the sons of Shobal: Alvan, Mahanath, Ebal, Shepho, and Onam.
24These are the sons of Zibeon: Aiah and Anah. He is the Anah who found water in the desert while he was pasturing the donkeys of his father Zibeon.
25These are the children of Anah: Dishon and Oholibamah, daughter of Anah.
26These are the sons of Dishon: Hemdan, Eshban, Ithran, and Cheran.
27These are the sons of Ezer: Bilhan, Zaavan, and Akan.
28These are the sons of Dishan: Uz and Aran.
29These are the clans of the Horites: the clans of Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah,
30Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan; those are the clans of the Horites, clan by clan, in the land of Seir.

31k These are the kings who reigned in the land of Edom before any king reigned over the Israelites.*32Bela, son of Beor, became king in Edom; the name of his city was Dinhabah.
33When Bela died, Jobab, son of Zerah, from Bozrah, succeeded him as king.
34When Jobab died, Husham, from the land of the Temanites, succeeded him as king.
35When Husham died, Hadad, son of Bedad, succeeded him as king. He is the one who defeated Midian in the country of Moab; the name of his city was Avith.
36When Hadad died, Samlah, from Masrekah, succeeded him as king.
37When Samlah died, Shaul, from Rehoboth-on-the-River, succeeded him as king.
38When Shaul died, Baal-hanan, son of Achbor, succeeded him as king.
39When Baal-hanan, son of Achbor, died, Hadad succeeded him as king; the name of his city was Pau. His wife’s name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, son of Mezahab.

40These are the names of the clans of Esau identified according to their families and localities: the clans of Timna, Alvah, Jetheth,
41Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon,
42Kenaz, Teman, Mibzar,
43Magdiel, and Iram. Those are the clans of the Edomites, according to their settlements in their territorial holdings—that is, of Esau, the ancestor of the Edomites.

* [36:1–43] The line of Esau. In the preceding chapter (35:22–26), the list of Jacob’s children completes the narrative of Jacob; in this chapter, the narrative of Esau is complete when his descendants are listed. The notice of Abraham’s death and burial in 25:7–10 was followed by a list of the line of his elder son Ishmael (25:12–18) and here Isaac’s death and burial are followed by the line of Esau. The lines of both Ishmael and Esau are introduced by the same double formula, “These are the descendants of…” (25:12; 36:9) and “These are the names of the sons of…” (25:13; 36:10). The chapter consists of diverse material: vv. 1–3, Esau’s wives; vv. 9–14, Esau’s descendants; vv. 15–19, the clans of Esau; vv. 20–30, the Horites of Seir; vv. 31–39, the Edomite kings; vv. 40–43, the Edomites.

* [36:2–14] The names of Esau’s wives and of their fathers given here differ considerably from their names cited from other old sources in 26:34 and 28:9. Zibeon the Hivite: in v. 20 he is called a “Horite”; see note on 34:2.

* [36:9] These are the descendants of Esau: the original heading of the genealogy is preserved in v. 10 (“These are the names of the sons of Esau”). This use of the Priestly formula is secondary and should not be counted in the list of ten such formulas in Genesis.

* [36:20] Seir the Horite: according to Dt 2:12, the highlands of Seir were inhabited by Horites before they were occupied by the Edomites.

* [36:31] Before any king reigned over the Israelites: obviously this statement was written after the time of Saul, Israel’s first king. According to 1 Sm 14:47, Saul waged war against the Edomites; according to 2 Sm 8:2, 13–14 and 1 Kgs 11:14–17, David made Edom a vassal state and nearly wiped out the royal line. These events reflect the words of the Lord to Rebekah at the birth of the boys, “the older shall serve the younger” (25:23).

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