..Schwartz and DeFronzo's contribution, Drs. Umpierrez and Korytkowski provide a defense of insulin in the inpatient setting as the unquestioned gold standard for glycemic management in hospitalized settings...

Pleiotropic effects of thiazolidinediones: implications for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

..Type 2 diabetes is usually associated with obesity, and both conditions are frequently detected in the Arab population in Israel. Recent studies have demonstrated that diabetes can be prevented by a change in lifestyle...

Determinants of glucose tolerance in impaired glucose tolerance at baseline in the Actos Now for Prevention of Diabetes (ACT NOW) study

..The aim of the study was to examine the determinants of oral glucose tolerance in 602 persons with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) who participated in the Actos Now for Prevention of Diabetes (ACT NOW) study...

..Impaired glucose tolerance is associated with increased rates of cardiovascular disease and conversion to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Interventions that may prevent or delay such occurrences are of great clinical importance...

The role of the kidneys in glucose homeostasis: a new path towards normalizing glycaemia

..We sought to examine the mechanisms by which the addition of glargine insulin or rosiglitazone improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetic subjects poorly controlled on maximally effective doses of metformin plus sulfonylurea...

Effects of exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control and weight over 30 weeks in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes

..This study evaluates the ability of the incretin mimetic exenatide (exendin-4) to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes failing to achieve glycemic control with maximally effective metformin doses...

..These data suggest that an experimental increase in FFAs decreases the expression of PGC-1 and nuclear encoded mitochondrial genes and also increases the expression of extracellular matrix genes in a manner reminiscent of inflammation...

Physiological and molecular determinants of insulin action in the baboon

..These results demonstrate that a shift of fat distribution from visceral to sc adipose depots after pioglitazone treatment is associated with improvements in hepatic and peripheral tissue sensitivity to insulin...

..519, P < 0.0001), and different FPG levels were sensitive and specific to predict IA severity. Finally, a predictive model for islet amyloid severity was generated with age and FPG as required variables...

Dawn K ColettaDivision of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USADiabetes 58:279-84. 2009

..The goal of our study was to perform a genome-wide linkage scan to identify genetic regions that influence variation in plasma triglyceride levels in families that are enriched with individuals with type 2 diabetes...

LKB1-AMPK signaling in muscle from obese insulin-resistant Zucker rats and effects of training

..The results of the present study demonstrate that insulin acutely regulates the levels of mRNAs involved in inflammation and transcription and identifies several candidate genes, including HES1 and BHLHB2, for further investigation...

Peripheral disruption of the Grb10 gene enhances insulin signaling and sensitivity in vivo

..However, these results indicate that ENPP1 is a genetic determinant of these traits in this population, and are consistent with multiple positive association findings in independent studies in diverse human populations...

..Reduced muscle content of key glucose transport-regulating proteins (GLUT1, GLUT4, AS160) could play a role in the pathogenesis of neonatal hyperglycemia and reduced insulin-stimulated glucose disposal...

..In this article, we summarize the metabolic abnormalities that characterize each state and the contribution of these metabolic abnormalities to the increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease...