1. If M and N are the orders of numerator and denominator of rational system function respectively, then how many multiplications are required in direct form-I realization of that IIR filter?
a) M+N-1
b) M+N
c) M+N+1
d) M+N+2View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: From the direct form-I realization of the IIR filter, if M and N are the orders of numerator and denominator of rational system function respectively, then M+N+1 multiplications are required.

2. If M and N are the orders of numerator and denominator of rational system function respectively, then how many additions are required in direct form-I realization of that IIR filter?
a) M+N-1
b) M+N
c) M+N+1
d) M+N+2View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: From the direct form-I realization of the IIR filter, if M and N are the orders of numerator and denominator of rational system function respectively, then M+N additions are required.

3. If M and N are the orders of numerator and denominator of rational system function respectively, then how many memory locations are required in direct form-I realization of that IIR filter?
a) M+N+1
b) M+N
c) M+N-1
d) M+N-2View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: From the direct form-I realization of the IIR filter, if M and N are the orders of numerator and denominator of rational system function respectively, then M+N+1 memory locations are required.

Answer: b
Explanation: In direct form-I realization, all-zero system is placed before the all-pole system.

5. If M and N are the orders of numerator and denominator of rational system function respectively, then how many memory locations are required in direct form-II realization of that IIR filter?
a) M+N+1
b) M+N
c) Min [M,N].
d) Max [M,N].View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: From the direct form-II realization of the IIR filter, if M and N are the orders of numerator and denominator of rational system function respectively, then Max[M,N] memory locations are required.

Answer: a
Explanation: A signal flow graph provides an alternative, but an equivalent graphical representation to a block diagram structure that we have been using to illustrate various system realization. The basic elements of a flow graph are branches and nodes.

7. Which of the following is true for the given signal flow graph?
a) Two pole system
b) Two zero system
c) Two pole and two zero system
d) None of the mentionedView Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The equivalent filter structure of the given signal flow graph in the direct form-II is given by as
Thus from the above structure, the system has two zeros and two poles.

Answer: d
Explanation: Summing node is the node which is used in the signal flow graph which replaces the adder in the structure of a filter.

9. The output signal of a system is extracted at a sink node.
a) True
b) FalseView Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The input to a system originates at a source node and the output signal is extracted at a sink node.

10. If we reverse the directions of all branch transmittances and interchange the input and output in the flow graph, then the resulting structure is called as:
a) Direct form-I
b) Transposed form
c) Direct form-II
d) None of the mentionedView Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: According to the transposition or flow-graph reversal theorem, if we reverse the directions of all branch transmittances and interchange the input and output in the flow graph, then the system remains unchanged. The resulting structure is known as transposed structure or transposed form.