Gabriel Gruber (Gruber)

(1740 - 1805). Gruber - an engineer, an accountant by profession, joined the Order in 1755, Mr.. When in 1773 Mr.. Jesuit Order was destroyed by Clement XIV, the last of the Jesuits Gruber of Austria gave up his clothes and vows of his order. In 1786, Mr.. Gruber arrived in Polotsk, where under the patronage of Catherine II were arranged around the Polotsk board recalcitrant breve Jesuits. Becoming a member of the board, Gruber, combined the passionate loyalty to the interests of the Order of the outstanding diplomatic and managerial talent, many contributed to the development board. In 1797, Mr.. Polotsk he spoke with a panel of visiting Emperor Paul, in 1799. was sent to St. Petersburg for the order, but mainly to deal with the Metropolitan Catholic churches in Russia Sestrentsevichem, trying to weaken the dependence of Russian Catholics from the Pope and subject them to the authorities, Metropolitan. Having an audience with the emperor, Gruber completely captivated him, and can regularly communicate with. Gruber managed to get permission for the Jesuits to open new charitable institutions (and as they open the Senate returned the confiscated property of the Jesuits), . transfer into the hands of the Vilna University and the Church of St. Catherine in St. Petersburg (mid-October 1800), . and removing Sestrentsevicha and profitable Jesuit Catholic reform of the Department of Justice College, . Yet the question of recognition of the Order of Pope gained international significance. And along with him came the questions Maltese and efforts Gruber about the connection of churches. Apparently, in order to simplify the situation, Gruber joined the tacit relations with Napoleon. Paul died before complete resolution of identified issues. Breve Pope recognition of Russian Jesuits have been published by Alexander. But it had lost its political significance, and Gruber - its relationship with the court. Alexander returned Sestrentsevicha and narrowed the privileges of the Jesuits. Their forces have focused on the preaching of Catholicism - mostly, and with great success in the ranks of the St. Petersburg aristocracy, and then all over Russia and even beyond. Gruber, . elect (in accordance with the rules is incomplete), General Order (1802), . achieved important successes: almost complete fusion with the Jesuits fidentsistov, . restore the Pope of the Jesuits in Naples from bringing them to the previously restored Society of Jesus in St. Petersburg and t, . d. The political significance of the Jesuits revived somewhat during the Russian embassy in China, but its failure would worsen their situation. Gruber died in the fire of the Jesuit house in St. Petersburg. - Wed. M. Moroshkin "The Jesuits in Russia," t. I - II; P. Pierling "La Russie et le Saint-Siege", t. V.