Edward Wilson: If I knew, for sure, even though I’ll be 80 next year, I’d be on it. However, I can tell you the main directions that biologists are going to be taking at least one of the big ones. This is a century of Biology. Physics has had its good time but now, it’s going to be Biology. This is the century of synthesis. Biology has had its reductionist period, wonderful. We hope it will continue. It’ll be the cutting edge reductionism and heavy reliance on the knowledge of Physics and Chemistry of systems at the molecular level for sure. But, it’s also going to be the century in which the other level from superorganism, from social systems to ecosystems, to species organization, will a necessity emerge as major areas of illuminating research. And here is the main trend overall, it will be to study the major transitions in organization, molecule to organelle like the nucleus and mitochondria, to cell, to advanced cell structure, to organism, to Superorganism. Those major transitions then can only be understood by synthetic studies of how all the elements and basic processes that are being discovered have been discovered by more reductionistic biology are put together. We’ve got to resynthesize them to understand the next level up step by step. A unified Biology will be one in which the major transitions between biological group, by level of biological organization are clarified and the general principles work out of how this is achieved from one level of organization to the other in evolution; what happens, why it happens and when it happens.

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