PSYC36 lecture 2.docx

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School

University of Toronto Scarborough

Department

Psychology

Course

PSYC36H3

Professor

Amanda Uliaszek

Semester

Fall

Description

Lecture 2: Common Factors in Therapeutic Change
Psychotherapy works!
-The average treated patient is better off than approximately 80% of those that were not treated (smith &
Glass, 1977)
-effect size =0.75
-1930s
-what works best?
-client centered and psychotherapy > dawn of psychotherapy research
-mechanisms> everything that psychotherapy consists of and see if it’s a necessary mechanism
i.e. EMDR is the vibrator necessary?
-Tx effect + non-specific effect + error = Therapy outcome
1. treatment effect>specific to type of treatment/therapy i.e. cognitive behavior therapy tx effect is …
2. nonspecific effect >whatever all treatment do
3.error> isn’t related to therapy outcome
…but not as well for kids
-treatment studies: effect size = .70
-effect size so high for kids because you pick specific samples for treatment studies i.e. kids with
depression and no other symptoms
-not real world samples
-dissemination and implementation
-teaching clinicans in the settings implement empirically based training
Error
-Tx effect + Non-specific effect + Error = Therapy Outcome
-Time; regression to the mean- seek therapy at their worse and over time simmer down to mean and not as
extreme
-Environment; change in life situation i.e. job loss, death, divorce, exercise, school/finals starts
-Measurement errors; bias rating by the therapist; every measurer is bias; not perfect indicators of the
construct
-Non-measured error;
-Client-specific effects
-motivation> drive to reduce the problem
-Severity > people less severe in treatment do better ; may not get as better in same amount of time
Dodo Bird Verdict
-“Everybody has won and all must have prizes”
-no winner between client center therapy and psychotherapy
-no matter what therapy, will get better
-now who gets better more
Common Factors
-Non-specific factors
-Definition: shared by all therapies 99% of the time
-Factors shared by all treatment approaches
-not model specific
-efficacious above specific treatment effects
-trying to get committed to the model
-