Age-related Vision and Eye Changes

The structures of the eye and the processes of vision begin to undergo changes in the late fourth or early fifth decade of life. By age 65, 50 percent of people have vision impairments.

By age 80, more than 90 percent of people have vision impairments. Treatment can mitigate some of these changes, such as presbyopia and cataract.

Some conditions that affect the eye and vision develop secondary to other health conditions that are more prevalent in older people, such as diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease, all of which can cause retinopathy. Much loss of vision related to aging is progressive and permanent, interfering with activities such as driving, reading and other close work, and seeing at night.

However, most people retain the ability to see well enough to function in everyday activities.

Adaptations to accommodate the changes of the eye and vision with aging are numerous and can help maintain a desirable quality of life for many people. Corrective lenses or reading glasses are effective for presbyopia.

Magnifiers for reading and close work, adjustments on televisions and computers to enlarge screen images, voice-activated telephone dialers, highintensity light sources, and screen readers with voice output are among the devices available to accommodate low vision.

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