Great Logic should have become the masterpiece of livelong theoretical activity of Karel Englis; this work is preserved in the form of a voluminous manuscript (about 2500 pages) and has not yet been published. The first outcome of our ongoing effort for publishing the manuscript is the study “The Critique of Schopenhauer”. The authors of the text publish the transcription of a part of the manuscript that is supplemented by notes to make the contents more accessible for contemporary reader. Schopenhauer’s epistemology is one of the fundamental inspirations for Englis’s theory of orders of thought. Englis’s critique of Schopenhauer gives us the guidance to a deeper understanding of relationship between Englis’s theory and transcendental philosophy as a whole.