GENEVA – Turkey’s military and police have killed hundreds of people during operations against Kurdish rebels in southeastern Turkey, the United Nations said on Friday in a report that listed summary killings, torture, rape and widespread destruction of property among an array of human rights abuses.

The report, by the Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights, details how operations by the Turkish infantry, artillery, tanks and possibly aircraft drove up to half a million people from their homes over a 17-month period from July 2015 to the end of 2016.

Though the report is focused on the conduct of security forces in southeastern Turkey, the 25-page document underscores the deepening alarm of the United Nations over the measures ordered by Turkey’s president, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, since a failed coup attempt in July 2016.

The state of emergency Erdogan imposed after the coup appeared to “target criticism, not terrorism,” Zeid Ra’ad al-Hussein, the U.N. high commissioner for human rights, said here on Tuesday.

The Turkish government refused to comment on the report.

Critics of Erdogan charge that he called off a truce with the Kurds in 2015 to stoke nationalist sentiments after his party fared poorly in parliamentary elections. After the failed coup, he used his enhanced emergency powers to crack down on Kurdish political leaders, intellectuals and others who voiced support for the Kurdistan Workers’ Party, or PKK, which is considered a terrorist group by Turkey, the United States and the European Union.

The report said measures taken by the government in the southeast since the failed coup, including arrests of parliamentarians, mass dismissals of public officials and closing of almost all Kurdish-language media, had been aimed at suppressing dissent in general and opposition political parties in particular.

Al-Hussein said he was “particularly concerned by reports that no credible investigation has been conducted into hundreds of alleged unlawful killings, including women and children.” He called for an independent investigation without restrictions, noting that his investigators had been denied access to the Kurdish areas.

The report said that about 2,000 people had died in security operations in the southeast, citing information provided by the government. That included close to 800 members of the security forces and 1,200 others who the report said “may or may not” have been involved in violent action against the government.

The Turkish authorities were acting in a difficult security environment, the report acknowledged, citing attacks, killings and kidnappings carried out by the PKK.

Nevertheless, by compiling information from interviews with victims and their relatives and by using satellite imagery, investigators for the United Nations verified a variety of abuses by the security forces, among them extrajudicial killings, disappearances, torture, violence against women and the prevention of access to medical care, food and water.

Investigators found that many of the worst abuses occurred during curfews, when the movement of people was restricted and entire neighborhoods were cut off for days at a time.

Witnesses interviewed in the town of Cizre, along the Tigris River in the southeast, described “apocalyptic” scenes of wholesale destruction. Investigators were able to document at least 189 people who were trapped for weeks in basements without food, water, medical aid or electricity before dying in fires started by artillery shelling by security forces. Ambulances were prevented from entering the area to take out the sick and wounded, causing deaths that could have been avoided.

Many of the victims simply disappeared in the wholesale destruction of large residential areas carried out by the military, which attacked systematically with heavy weapons, including bombing strikes the report said. The destruction peaked in August.

Investigators also reported that authorities refused to investigate civilian deaths, accusing local residents of supporting terrorism. The family of one woman who disappeared in Cizre was given three small pieces of charred flesh identified though DNA testing, investigators reported. When a sister of the missing woman then tried to start legal proceedings, she was charged with terrorism offenses.

The United Nations said the report released on Friday would be the first of a series produced every few months by the human rights office, whether or not its investigators were granted the access they needed.

Hussein was determined, Rupert Colville, his spokesman, told reporters in Geneva, that “states should not be rewarded” for such tactics.

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