French god of war Napoleon Bonaparte

Napoleon Bonaparte (August 15, 1769 - May 5, 1821), born in Corsica, 19th century French great military strategist, politician, founder of the French First Empire. Served as the first ruling of the first republic of France, in November 6, 1804 crowned emperor. During his reign he was called "the emperor of the French".

1791 French political situation is unpredictable. In the early days of the French Revolution, the monarchical monks representing the interests of the bourgeoisie and the liberal aristocracy took control of the regime. They established the constitutional monarchy. In 1791, King Louis XVI was confronted with foreign feudal reactionary forces, and the conspiracy was brought to light. In 1792, on behalf of the large industrial and commercial bourgeoisie Gironde came to power, September 22, the French kingdom to the French Republic. In 1793, Louis XVI was executed, the British and other groups formed the first anti-French alliance, the French Revolution began to face a serious crisis.

June 1993, on behalf of the French petty bourgeois interests of the democrats, Jacobin sent the regime, the French Revolution reached a climax. In December, the young junior Napoleon commander defeated the king's forces and the British won the Battle of Toulon victory, so by the Jacobin's appreciation, was promoted to Brigadier General, which is the first time in the history of European military. In 1795, he accepted the Paris governor of the Balas, he succeeded in suppressing the forces of the armed forces rebel rebellion, which is the famous suppression of the Battle of the king. Napoleon was promoted overnight as commander of the army and commander of the Paris garrison, began to emerge in the military and political circles.

In 1798 Napoleon Expeditioned Egypt and occupied Alexander, in the face of brave and vigorous mamluk, Napoleon showed extraordinary military talent and excellent military literacy. In July, under the shadow of the pyramid of Giza, the victorious victories of the pyramid battle swept through the obstacles to Cairo and made it a symbol of terror among the Mamluks and the Ottoman. At the time of the Napoleonic expedition, the European anti-French coalition has gradually formed. In August 1799, Napoleon decided to secretly back to Paris. In the dangerous Mediterranean return, Napoleon wit to avoid the British Royal Navy patrol fleet, in October 1799, returned to France, Napoleon was as "savior" to welcome. On November 9, Napoleon, who was supported and supported by the crowd, launched a coup, succeeded in ending the situation of various terrorist situations since the Great Revolution, and became the Archon of the First Republic of France.

Napoleon then carried out a number of major reforms in military, educational, judicial, administrative, legislative, economic and other aspects, the most famous of which was the enactment of the Napoleonic Code, which was drafted and formulated by Napoleon, many of which were made by Napoleon himself Participate in the discussion, and eventually promulgated. Code of law on Germany, Spain, Switzerland and other Western capitalist countries have played a significant impact on the legislation. In the third week after the end of the coup, Napoleon issued a public announcement to the people, who proudly declared: "Citizens, the revolution has returned to its original intention, the revolution has ended." In addition, Napoleon has also established a retention of the national education system, As well as the honor corps system.

In June 1800, Napoleon personally led, across the Alps, victory over Italy and Genoa in the Austrian army, won the famous battle of Marengo victory. The battle of Mulleno was the first important battle of Napoleon's reign. The victory of this battle has become a model for the consolidation of France's fragile bourgeois regime, to strengthen the dominance of Napoleon has an important significance. November 6, 1804, the referendum passed the constitution, the French Republic to the French Empire. Napoleon was crowned the emperor, from the Pope Pius VII hands took the crown personally worn himself and his wife Josephine's head, meaning "the throne of their own struggle", since then he became "the French emperor."

In August 1985, Austria, Britain and Russia formed the third anti-French alliance. At the end of August, the Russian generals Kutuzov and the Austrian coalition entered the Bavarian Ulm. Napoleon left Paris on September 24, commanding the army personally, and on 12 October the French occupation of Munich. October 17, the first empire of France and the Austrian Empire in Ulm after the fierce battle, won the battle of Ulm victory, anti-French surrender. Then, the first empire of France and on December 2, that is, Napoleon coronation of the first anniversary of the emperor, with 70,000 troops of the weak forces defeated the Russian and Austrian coal forces 90,000 troops of the superior forces, captured the battle of the Austeritz A major victory. This war made the peak of Napoleon's life, and the anti-French alliance once again disintegrated.

Napoleon has excellent military command ability, from the Battle of Toulon to the 13 years of the battle of Waterloo, personally command the major campaigns nearly 60 times, of which more than 50 victories, small battle countless. He repeatedly repulsed the anti-French coalition invasion and repression of the rebellion of the reactionary forces at home and abroad, and carried out seven wars with the anti-French alliance, which was of great significance in military history. His continued external expansion broke the power balance of European countries, heavily countering the feudal system of European countries, defending the fruits of the French Revolution and safeguarding the interests of the bourgeoisie. But Napoleon's war is not just right, after 1810, the nature of the war from the self-defense counterattack into aggression and expansion. Napoleon has invaded Spain, the mainland economy blocked Britain, into Russia, Moscow. Armed violations of the sovereignty of many European countries, the plundering of many European countries, the property, aroused the local people's resistance, led to the war finally ended in the defeat of the Waterloo battle.