The most important features found in the development and structure of the religious culture in South Asia lies in its diversity and complexity. In order to understand them as a whole, an inter-disciplinary corroboration would be a most effective means. In addition to it, we have to approach them from various viewpoints.In order to understand the features of religious culture in South India, we attempt to give light to them from a new point of view, i.e., "sacred" and "humble". In religious studies in general the features of Indian religious society have been usually grasped from the view points of "sacred" and "profane" or "purity" and "impurity" etc., but in this study we especially discussed about the problem of "humble" in Indian religion. This is a new point of view and should be esteemed as having significance.The corroborative studies on religious cultures in South Asia seems to nave been generally confined to Buddhism or Hinduism. Therefore, in this study, we include the social
… Morestructures and complex cultures of tribal societies and Islamic societies in our corroborative studies. The method of our study is an inter-disciplinary complement and cross-discussion between the historical method of Indology and Buddhist Studies and the structural method of Cultural Anthropology.In this study, basing upon this inter-disciplinarhy complement and cross-discussion between the two methods, we can give a new light to the appearance of "sacred" in "humble", the appearance of "humble" in "sacred" and the dynamism between the two found in Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam and tribes. Some of its results are published in our report as follows : SUGIMOTO Takushu, "Buddhist Stupa Worship and Bodhisattvas of Lowly Birth" ; SHIMA Iwao, "Goenka and Vipasana Meditation" ; SHIMA Iwao, "Sangharakshita and Euro-Buddhism" ; KANO Katsuhiko, "Sherpas and Service Sastes : Relations among Jats(Caste/Ethnic Group) in Highland Nepal" ; NISHIKAWA Mugiko, "The Sacred Aspects of the Muslim Beggars : Fakir in Rural Bangladesh".本研究では、こうした通時的および共時的研究の両面から、南アジアの宗教文化のなかの、特に仏教、ヒンドウー教、部族宗教、イスラーム教における聖のなかに現われた賎、賎のなかに現われた聖、聖から賎へ、賎から聖へといった聖と賎との浸透・交錯関係、そのメカニズム、下降・上昇の転化および作用のダイナミズム等を明らかにすることを目的として研究を進め、その研究のための資料の収集とともに、然るべき成果をおさめた。そして、以下のようなその成果の一部を含む成果報告書を刊行した。杉本卓洲「仏塔と菩薩に見る賎」、島岩「ゴーエンカーとヴイパッサナー瞑想法」、島岩「サンガラクシタとユーロ・ブディズムの成立」、鹿野勝彦「シェルパと職能カースト:南アジア周辺部の非ヒンドウー社会におけるジャート(カースト・民族集団)間関係についての一考察」、西川麦子「バングラデシュ農村の物乞、フォキールをめぐる聖と俗」。 Less