Russian Soyuz to Launch New Crewmembers to Space Station Today

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A Russian Soyuz spacecraft is poised to blast off from Central
Asia today, carrying three new crewmembers to the International
Space Station.

NASA astronaut Catherine Coleman, Russian cosmonaut Dmitry
Kondratyev and European astronaut Paolo Nespoli are set to launch
today (Dec. 15) at 2:09 p.m. EST (1909 GMT) from Kazakhstan's
Baikonur Cosmodrome. The trio will fly to the station aboard a
Russian Soyuz TMA-20 spacecraft.

Coleman, Kondratyev and Nespoli will round out the space
station's existing Expedition 26 crew station commander Scott
Kelly of NASA and flight engineers Alexander Kaleri and Oleg
Skripochka of Russia. The three new crewmembers will dock at the
orbiting outpost on Friday (Dec. 17) at 3:12 p.m. EST (2012 GMT).
[ Graphic:
Inside and Out: The International Space Station ]

During their long-duration mission, Coleman, Kondratyev and
Nespoli will participate in a range of scientific research and
experiments, including fluid physics, radiation, biology,
technology demonstrations and education outreach. Cosmonauts
Kondratyev and Skripochka are also scheduled to perform at least
one spacewalk to perform maintenance activities on the station's
exterior.

The crewmembers will also be on hand for two space shuttle visits
the
STS-133 flight of Discovery in February 2011, and the
subsequent STS-134 flight of Endeavour, which is now targeted to
fly in April. Discovery's liftoff was originally planned for
November, but technical issues with the shuttle's external fuel
tank have grounded the orbiter until at least early February.

Meet the crew

Catherine "Cady" Coleman was commissioned as a second lieutenant
in the U.S. Air Force in 1983, and was selected by NASA as an
astronaut candidate in March 1992. She is a veteran of two space
missions, and has logged more than 500 hours in space.

Coleman served as a mission specialist on the STS-73 flight of
the shuttle Columbia, which launched on Oct. 20, 1995, and was
the second United States Microgravity Laboratory mission. Then
she was the lead mission specialist on Columbia's STS-93 mission,
which launched on July 22, 1999, and deployed NASA's Chandra
X-ray Observatory.

"I've always wanted to go and live on the space station for as
long as I can remember," Coleman told SPACE.com in a preflight
interview. "I had a 16-day experiment flight, and I didn't want
to come home. To understand living in a different kind of
environment I think that is pretty cool to be a part of."

Coleman recently celebrated her 50th birthday on Dec. 14 just one
day before her journey to the
space station.

First time in space

Cosmonaut Dmitry Kondratyev, 41, was born in Irkutsk, Russia, and
rose to the ranks of colonel in the Russian air force. He was
selected as a test cosmonaut candidate in December 1997 and
qualified in 2000.

From May 2006 through April 2007, Kondratyev served as director
of operations for the Russian Space Agency while stationed at the
Johnson Space Center in Houston. Today's spaceflight will be
Kondratyev's first, and he will act as commander of the Soyuz
TMA-20. Once
onboard the space station, Kondratyev will perform duties as
a flight engineer, but will take over as the space station
commander for Expedition 27.

"It will be one of the most exciting moments in my life because
spaceflight is something extraordinary and many people dream of
it," Kondratyev said in a preflight interview. "I will be very
glad and proud."

Throughout the mission, Kondratyev will also be occupied with
various science experiments.

"There are lots of experiments onboard the Russian segment of the
station environmental experiments, medical experiments,
technological experiments," he said. "I will be a subject for
some of them. It will help scientific institutions to develop
things that are new and unique."

Return to the space station

European Space Agency astronaut Paolo Nespoli, 53, was born in
Milan, Italy. He joined ESA's European Astronaut Center in
Cologne, Germany, in 1991, and was selected as an astronaut by
the Italian space agency in July 1998.

In June 2006, Nespoli was assigned to the crew of Discovery's
STS-120 flight, which was a mission to help assemble the space
station. STS-120 launched on Oct. 23, 2007, and delivered the
Italian-built
Harmony (Node 2) module to the station.

For this upcoming flight, Nespoli will serve as a flight engineer
for Expeditions 26 and 27.

"Our main goal there is to be available for carrying out
experiments and use this laboratory that is up there and can let
us do things that we cannot do on Earth," Nespoli said in a
preflight interview. "Most of our time will be spent in either
being an operator or a subject for experiments."

The six-person Expedition 26 crew will spend about three months
together before Kelly hands over command of the station to
Kondratyev. Kelly, Kaleri and Skripochka are set to return to
Earth in mid-March, while Coleman, Kondratyev and Nespoli will
remain on the station until May.