POLITICALLY MOTIVATED ARRESTS IN BELARUS

Tuesday, March 9, 1999

Mr. Speaker, I rise today to decry the growing litany of repressive measures undertaken by the Government of Belarus against the opposition, especially against members of the opposition's Central Electoral
Commission (CEC). Earlier this year, the legitimate Belarusian parliament--the 13th Supreme Soviet, disbanded by president Alexander Lukashenka after the illegal constitutional referendum which extended his term of office by two
years to 2001--set a date for the next presidential elections for May 16 and set up a Central Election Commission to
conduct these elections. According to the 1994 constitution, which most of the international community recognizes as
legitimate, Lukashenka's term expires in July. Lukashenka has rejected calls for a presidential election and is clearly
attempting to neutralize democratic opposition to his authoritarian rule. The most egregious crackdown in recent weeks
was the sentencing of CEC chairman Viktor Hanchar, to 10 days ``administrative detention''. Hanchar suffered some
injuries when he was detained and treated roughly by police. He was not given access to his lawyer, Hari Pahanyayla,
and his wife was not permitted to see him.
A few days earlier, on February 25, fifteen members of the CEC were arrested by police in a café where they were
meeting and discussing reports from local election commissions. Special police did not have a warrant and prevented the
videotaping of the arrest by Russian television. Five-day detentions or heavy fines were meted out to several CEC
members, including Boris Gyunter, Anatoly Gurinovich, Sergei Obodovsky, Iosif Naumchik, Algimantas Dzyarginchus,
Alexander Koktysh, Nikolay Pohabov, Valery Sidorenko and Leonid Zakurdayev. Additionally, warnings have been
issued to several members of regional opposition elections committees, such as Iosif Naumchik in Vitebsk and Sergei
Abadowski in Mogilev. According to Radio Liberty, in Zhodzina, Miensk region, local authorities have begun
intimidating people who joined or elected opposition regional election commissions. In Gomel, several opposition
activists have been summoned and questioned about their role in the organization of the May presidential elections
scheduled by the opposition. Police had seized leaflets about these elections at the office of the Gomel branch of the
Belarusian Helsinki Committee.
The repression of the opposition's elections committees is part of a longstanding pattern of Lukashenka's assault on
democratic institutions and his campaign to stifle dissent in Belarus. On February 14, 20 students were arrested by police
in Miensk for violating street demonstration laws. Among them, Yevgeny Skochko was sentenced to 10 days in jail,
Victor Antonov to 5 days in jail, and Kazimir Kuchun and Ilya Banel were fined. Other opposition activists in Gomel and
Borisov have been tried for unsanctioned demonstrations over the last few months. Two young workers in Gomel, for
instance, were sentenced to 3 days administrative detention for holding an unsanctioned march. According to Reuters,
the men were returning from a disco late in the evening and waving banners, which they were bringing home to wash.
Earlier in the month, on February 5, members of the human rights movement Charter '97 were attacked and beaten in
Miensk by members of the fascist Russian National Unity party. Andrei Sannikov, the Charter's international coordinator
and former deputy foreign minister of Belarus was beaten unconscious. According to the International League for Human
Rights a few days later, President Lukashenka trivialized the incident on Belarusian television, saying: ``They say that
some fascists have appeared in Miensk and have beaten somebody up. Do you know who they have beaten? Other
fascists.'' On February 27, several thousand marchers participated in a peaceful anti-fascist demonstration in Miensk.
Organizers of the demonstration, Ales Bilyatsky who was sentenced to 10 days administrative detention and Oleg
Volchek who was given a stiff fine, were cited for committing administrative offenses.
In late January, Lukashenka signed a decree ordering political parties, public organizations and trade unions to
re-register during the period February 1 and July 1. The re-registration process includes a variety of onerous stipulations
which would have the effect of weakening the NGOs and political parties. On February 17, the Lukashenka-controlled
State Press Committee threatened six independent newspapers with closure if they continued to publish information
about the opposition's presidential election plans in May, charging them with ``calling for the seizure of power in
Belarus.'' On March 2, police searched the offices of one of the six independent newspapers, ``Pahonya'' in Hrodno,
confiscating political cartoons and letters from readers.
Clearly, political tensions are increasing in Belarus, and the divide between the authoritarian president and the democratic
opposition is widening. Mr. Lukashenka and his minions should cease and desist their campaign to harass journalists, to
drain and demoralize individuals and organizations in the opposition through administrative fines and detentions, and to
forcefully squelch the right to the freedoms of expression and of assembly. Continued harassment of the oppositiion will
only aggravate the current constitutional crisis in Belarus and most certainly will not serve to promote reconciliation
between the government and opposition. Mr. Speaker, it is imperative that the international community continue to speak
out on behalf of those whose rights are violated, and that we continue to support the restoration of democracy and rule
of law in Belarus.