The goals of this research were (1) to compare bilingual and monolingual children on Korean non-word repetition performance, and (2) to examine the relations between non-word repetition and vocabulary skills in bilingual and monolingual children. Sixty children aged from 3-5 years participated in this study, including 30 Korean-English bilinguals and ...

Although it is speculated that impairments associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) will adversely affect driving performance, little is known about the actual extent and nature of the presumed deficits. Ten males (18-24 years of age) with a diagnosis of high functioning autism and 10 age matched community controls were recruited ...

Enzymatic degradation of polyester films by a cutinase-like enzyme from Pseudozyma antarctica JCM10317 (PaE) was analyzed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The adsorption of PaE and the degradation rate for polyester films were quantitatively monitored by a positive and negative SPR signal shifts, respectively. The decrease in SPR signal and ...

Infantile hemangioma (IH) is a common vascular tumor of infancy. Although benign, infants with IH can experience complications including ulceration, visual and airway impairment, and residual scarring and disfigurement. It is often challenging for clinicians to predict which tumors are in need of systemic treatment. However, data from various demographic ...

This study investigated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanolic extract (EESAl), fractions and the compound 8-methoxylapachenol (8ML) obtained from the tubers of Sinningia allagophylla. Male Swiss mice were treated with EESAl (3-300 mg/kg) or vehicle by oral route (p.o.) 1 hr before the injection of formalin 2.5% or ...

In this review, we have highlighted the adverse drug reaction mediated by transporters from two aspects: (1) competitive interactions between drug and drug/metabolite/endogenous substance mediated by transporters; (2) the expression/function change of transporter due to physiologic factors, disease, and drugs induction. It indicated that transporters exhibited a broad substrate specificity ...

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis patients who discontinue using natalizumab are at risk of a rebound in disease activity. However, the optimal alternative therapy is not currently known. AIMS OF THE STUDY: We report on clinical and MRI data and patient safety in a group of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients who tested ...

REM behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by REM sleep without atonia, leading to abnormal and potentially injurious behavior during REM sleep. It is considered one of the most specific predictors of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. In this paper, we provide an overview of animal models contributing ...

Alterations in gut motility and visceral hypersensitivity are two major features of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the pathogenesis of experimental IBS. Rat models of constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) and diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) were established. Fecal water ...

Cervical cancer screening programmes have greatly reduced the burden associated with this disease. However, conventional cervical cytology screening still lacks sensitivity and specificity. There is an urgent need for the development of a low-cost robust screening technique. By generating a spectral "biochemical-cell fingerprint", Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been touted ...

BACKGROUND: The goal in rehabilitating patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is to minimize their physical and mental impairments and keep them integrated into their social environment. However, rehabilitation is not systematically utilized in MS patients. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine how many patients diagnosed with MS use rehabilitation as ...

The environmental pollution and health impacts caused by the primitive and crude recycling of e-waste have become urgent global issues. Guiyu, China is a major hotspot of e-waste recycling. In this study, the levels and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil in Guiyu were determined to investigate the effect ...

Abstract Qualitative research methods have been utilized to study the nature of work in the HIV services field. Yet current literature lacks a Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Treatment (HAART) era compendium of qualitative research studying challenges and coping strategies in the field. This study systematically reviewed challenges and coping strategies that ...

In several countries including Japan, people without obesity but with a clustering of metabolic risk factors (MetRFs) were not considered to have the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Here, we examined whether lifestyle characteristics differed between non-obese and obese subjects with or without a clustering of MetRFs. From a population-based cross-sectional study ...

Recent data suggest that axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) may be unnecessary for patients with positive sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) receiving whole-breast irradiation (ACOSOG Z0011). The purpose of this study was to use decision analysis with simulated patients to determine subgroups with positive SLNB who may still benefit from ...

CXCR1 (CKR-1), a receptor of IL-8, is expressed in various cells including neutrophils and monocytes, both of which play a major role in proliferating glomerular diseases. We investigated time-dependent expression of CXCR1 and the effect of single-dose cyclosporine A (CsA) treatment on this expression in experimental mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis induced by ...

Degenerate 1,2-shift of methylethynyl group in long-lived 9,10-dimethyl-9-methylethynyl-phenanthrenium ion has been detected by NMR. This is the first example of ethynyl migration in a long-lived carbocation.

The present study aimed to analyze the phototoxic mechanism and photostability of quinine in human skin cell line A375 under ambient intensities of UVA (340-400 nm). Photosensitized quinine produced a photoproduct 6-methoxy-quinoline-4-ylmethyl-oxonium identified through LC-MS/MS. Generation of (1) O(2) , O(2) (•-) , and (•) OH was measured and further ...

AIM: Whilst there have been comparisons of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) with other gold standard developmental assessments, research concerning the free-text comments section of the questionnaire has been limited. The objective of this paper is to assess whether parental concerns expressed in the free-text comments section of the ...

Overweight-obesity and smoking are two main preventable causes of premature death. Because the relationship between smoking and body mass index (BMI) complicates the interpretation of associations between BMI and death risks, direct estimates of risks associated with joint exposures are helpful. We have studied the relationships of BMI and smoking ...

Melanocortin is a potent anti-inflammatory molecule. However, little is known about the effect of melanocortin on acute inflammatory processes such as neutrophil migration. In the present study, we investigated the ability of [Nle4, D-Phe7]-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (NDP-MSH), a semisynthetic melanocortin compound, in the inhibition of neutrophil migration in carrageenin-induced peritonitis model. ...

A basket-shaped microsnare has various uses such as the pull through technique during coronary intervention to chronic total occlusion (CTO). A 79-year-old man underwent angioplasty for the femoral artery occlusion. We performed a controlled antegrade and retrograde tracking (CART) with dilatation of a balloon on the antegrade guidewire. The retrograde ...

This paper investigates the Jahn-Teller effect in the icosahedral cation B(80)(+) and compares the descent in symmetry with that in C(60)(+). For both cations the icosahedral ground state is a (2)H(u) state, which exhibits a H ⊗ (g ⊕ 2h) Jahn-Teller instability. A detailed construction of the potential energy surface ...

Context: Euphorbia hirta L. (Euphorbiaceae) (E. hirta) is a tree locally used as a traditional medicine in Africa and Australia to treat numerous diseases such as hypertension, respiratory ailments, tumors, and wounds, and it has reported antiallergic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory activities, etc. Objective: This study evaluated the ability of fresh leaves ...

The safety of our food is an essential requirement of society. One well-recognised threat is that of chemical contamination of our food, where low-molecular-weight compounds such as biotoxins, drug residues and pesticides are present. Low-cost, rapid screening procedures are sought to discriminate the suspect samples from the population, thus selecting ...

Purpose The training of liver surgeons depends on local conditions such as the specialization of the clinic, the spectrum of cases, and the instructing surgeons. We present the LiverSurgeryTrainer a software application to support the training of prospective surgeons in preoperative decision making. Methods The LiverSurgeryTrainer visualizes radiological images, volumetric ...

Optimizing cosmesis is a common goal of breast surgery. In support of immediate breast reconstruction, nipple-sparing techniques have evolved. There is still a lack of agreement on the optimal technique and skin flap necrosis can be problematic. In this study, we review our experience with 340 NSM. Between March 2006 ...

Turmeric has been long recognized for its anti-inflammatory and health-promoting properties. Curcumin is one of the principal anti-inflammatory and healthful components of turmeric comprising 2-8% of most turmeric preparations. Experimental evidence supports the activity of curcumin in promoting weight loss and reducing the incidence of obesity-related diseases. With the discovery ...

A subcutaneous formulation of bortezomib is now indicated in the EU and the US for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma. This article reviews pharmacological, therapeutic efficacy and tolerability data relevant to the utilization of subcutaneous bortezomib (Velcade(®)) in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma. In a randomized, ...

Regulation of RNA transcription in controlling the expression of genes at promoter and terminator regions is crucial as the interaction of RNA polymerase occurred at both sites. Gene encoding cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) from Bacillus sp. NR5 UPM isolated in the previous study was used for further construction of pTZCGT-SS, pTZCGT-BS ...

Aedes polynesiensis Marks (Diptera: Culicidae) is the primary vector of lymphatic filariasis (LF) in the island countries and territories of the South Pacific. In the development of a novel control tool, the response of Ae. polynesiensis to six different colours (three solid fabrics, two patterned fabrics and a plastic tarp) ...

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB), a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis, has been widely reported in bovines in developing countries, but there is little information on this infection in domestic yaks. Seroprevalence of antibodies to M. bovis in yaks from six and three regions of Tibet and Qinghai plateau, China, respectively, ...

Objectives. Females are more likely to develop an eating disorder (ED) than males. Studies of affected men may therefore inform models of risk and resilience to EDs. The aim of this study was to examine putative neurocognitive intermediate phenotypes of EDs in affected males. Methods. Cognitive flexibility, central coherence (global/detail ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine differences in child social competence and parent-child interactions involving children with intellectual disability (ID) or typical development (TD) during a Parent-Child Problem-Solving Task. DESIGN: Mothers and their 9-year-old children (n = 122) participated in a problem-solving task in which they discussed and tried to resolve an issue they disagreed ...

Little information is available on the distribution of antimicrobial resistance genes in anaerobes in Japan. To understand the background of antimicrobial resistance in anaerobes involved in intra-abdominal infections, we investigated the distribution of eight antimicrobial resistance genes (cepA, cfiA, cfxA, ermF, ermB, mefA, tetQ, and nim) and a mutation in ...

Abstract Background: With the success of oocyte donation in vitro fertilization (IVF) in postmenopausal women, the importance of endometrial preparation became obvious. This appears also very crucial for achieving pregnancy after frozen embryo transfer (FET) after failed fresh IVF cycles and FET in subsequent natural cycles. Although there are different ...

Soil organic matter (SOM) is heterogeneous in structure and has been considered to consist of various pools with different intrinsic turnover rates. Although those pools have been conceptually expressed in models and analyzed according to soil physical and chemical properties, separation of SOM into component pools is still challenging. In ...

Through increasing measles vaccine coverage, proportion of patients with modified measles has been increasing. They demonstrate low-grade fever with very mild eruptions similar to vaccine-related adverse events. Differentiation between the two pathogenic conditions is required to improve the quality of laboratory-based measles surveillance, In this report, vaccine-specific and wild-type specific ...

The coxsackieviruses B3 (CVB3) are members of the genus Enterovirus of the family Picornaviridae. They are the most common etiological agents of chronic myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. However, there is still no effective diagnostic method for CVB3 in human patients. Here, we established a fast and accurate system to detect ...

We developed an advanced surfactant-assistant method for the Ir(x)Sn(1-x)O(2) (0 < x ≤ 1) nanoparticle (NP) preparation, and examined the OER performances by a series of half-cell and full-cell tests. In contrast to the commercial Ir black, the collective data confirmed the outstanding activity and stability of the fabricated Ir(x)Sn(1-x)O(2) ...

Severe loss of vision manifests from the corneal protrusion, thinning and distortion that characterises keratoconus, which in its most severe form is still treated primarily by lamellar or penetrating keratoplasty. Unfortunately, alternative therapeutic options targeting the underlying pathobiology remain limited, attributable to an incomplete understanding of the biological mechanisms instigating ...

Abstract Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent cutaneous neoplasm of the periorbital region. After tumor excision, the function of the eyelid has to be preserved, keeping the protection of the eyeball with preservation of damp, avoiding epiphora and ectropion. The authors describe the reconstruction, in a single surgical ...

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a serious nosocomial infection caused by Aspergillus spp. which has a high mortality rate due to the fact, among other factors, that it is difficult to diagnose. Within the Aspergillus genus, A. fumigatus is the main species causing IA. We propose a virulence factor, the aspHS ...

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) between primary breast lesions and pulmonary metastatic (PM) lesions in breast cancer patients. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological features and the expression statuses of ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67 and ALDH-1 in both primary and metastatic breast cancer lesions and ...

The world is in the midst of an unprecedented obesity epidemic.1 In fact, among adults in the United States, recent studies find only a minority of adults are now in the "normal" weight category.2 With this epidemic has come the realization that obesity is a major risk factor for asthma, ...