Vegemite is based on yeast and malt extracts. Vegemite is a good source of B vitamins including thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), and folate (B6). Vegemite also contains a relatively high proportion of sodium-chloride (table salt) -- luckily the typical serving size is quite small -- one teaspoon or 5g on a slice of bread or toast.

Vegemite, like many foods including tomatoes, cheese, mushrooms and meat, contains unrefined glutamate[1], not to be mistaken with Mono-sodium Glutamate (MSG) -- a salt-bound, chemically-refined form of this flavour-enhancing natural amino acid. Vegemite contains 1.4% of unbound, natural glutamate amino acid, and an unknown quantity of the bound form, which also occurs naturally in many common foods.