A unit of measure for the amount of power that can be delivered to a load.

Kilovolt-Ampere or kVA

The network of interconnected transmission lines.

"The Grid"

Unit of measure for the flow of electrons or current. Represented by the letter "I" on Ohm's wheel.

Amperage

Electrically connected to a source of potential difference, or electrically charged to have a potential significantly different from that of Earth.

Alive, Live, or Energized

Compilation of conductors and electrical components that allow current to pass from a source to a load.

Circuit

Allows current to flow with essentially no resistance.

Conductor

ANSI Z-87.1

Covers safety glasses.

Providing people with what they need in a gracious and helping manner.

Customer Service

Opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit. Measured in ohms ( Ω ) and represented with an "R" on Ohm's wheel.

Resistance

A device that increases or decreases voltage.

Transformer

Voltage measured between a phase and neutral.

Line Voltage

The location in an electrical system where there is a change in ownership.

Demarcation Point

A circuit were voltage is constant.

Direct Current or DC

Unit of measure for frequency. In AC, the number of complete rotations of the generator in a second. The frequency of AC power in the US and Canada is 60 ____.

Hertz

NESC

National Electric Safety Code, developed to enhance public and worker safety. It applies to lines and power stations in the US.

Unit of measure for electrical pressure. Commonly referred to as potential. Represented as "E" on Ohm's wheel.

Voltage

CAIDI

Customer Average Interruption Duration Index

The conversion of electrical energy into another form of useful energy.

Power

Unit of measure for electrical power.

Watt

SAIFI

System Average Interruption Frequency Index

ANSI Z-89.1

Covers hard hats.

Where a source of energy is converted into electrical energy.

Generation Station

Name the common service voltages.

120/240 120/208 240/480 480 277/480 volts

A conductor that supplies power to a load.

Phase

A term that refers to the voltage when measuring the difference between two points.

Potential

Unit of measure of resistance in an electrical circuit.

Ohms Ω

The ability of one coil or conductor to induce voltage into another coil or conductor. Each coil shares the same core.

Mutual Induction

A conductor that provides a ground reference for the load.

Neutral

What Council are we in and name a connecting Council.

Idaho is in the WSCC, and connects to MAPP, SPP, and ERCOL.

A pole structure that has a longer life span and is considered more aesthetically pleasing.

Tubular Steel Pole Structure

What considerations are taken into account when selecting a conductor type and size?

1. How much power the line needs to carry

2. Length of the line

3. Span lengths

4. Weather (environment)

5. Line losses

6. Cost of the conductor

Cuts in or out a portion of the transformer winding which adjusts the voltage to the conditions.

Load Tap Changer or LTC

Used to connect and disconnect lines and equipment by interrupting large amounts of current.

Circuit Breakers

One or two smaller conductors that run parallel to the phases and are fastened to the top of the poles. These conductors are grounded.

Shield Wires or Static Wires

A waste of power in which the air around the conductor is ionized, accompanied by an audible and sometimes visible glowing effect.

Corona Loss

A transmission structure with an operating voltage of 345 kV or below. Construction is relatively simple but structures require testing and treating of pole butts.

Wood Pole Structures

More than one conductor per phase.

Bundled Conductors

What is the formula for sling tension?

Sling length over sling height times weight over number of slings.

How do you calculate hook strain?

Haul line (weight you are pulling) + weight of load

What is the formula for calculating haul line tension?

1.1 to the P power times W, over P. Where P equals parts and W equals weight.

Why are bundled conductors used?

1. To increase capacity

2. Reduce radio noise

3. Reduce Corona loss

What is the main objective for all transmission lines?

To deliver power with a minimum of loss.

The power to take property for the good of the general public following the payment or just compensation to the owner of the property.

Eminent Domain

The right to access property for the construction or maintenance of lines, structures, or components. May take form of easements or ownership of the land.

Right-of-way

The popular choice for structures carrying 345 kV or greater. Built from pieces of angled steel bolted together.

Lattice Type Steel Structure

A circuit that provides more than one path for current to flow.

Parallel

A deep-seated personal belief that is never compromised.

Value

Point at which power is produced.

Source

Name the common sub-transmission voltages.

44 kV 69 kV 115 kV 138 kV

A circuit that only provides one path for current to flow. The current remains constant but the voltage drops through resistance.

Series

Excessive current flow in a circuit where the load is bypassed. A short circuited condition.

Fault Current

The point at which the power is used. The area of demand or customers.

Load

Power produced by rotating a magnetic field near a conductor. The electrons in the conductor pulsate back and forth at a certain rate measured in hertz. Voltage is not constant.

Alternating current or AC

The simultaneous generation of electricity and useful thermal energy.

Co-generation

What is the formula for determining the weight of a cylindrical material?

What is the formula for determining the weight of a square or rectangular material?

Weight = Length X Width X Height X Weight of Material

When a rope is pulled tight very quickly and with great force, resulting in a substantial increase in weight or tension.

Shock Loading

What is the formula for RWLL?

The maximum load that can be applied to a rope while ensuring longevity and taking the efficiency of any knots tied in the rope into account.

Reduced Working Load Limit or RWLL

The maximum load applied to a rope to ensure longevity of the rope.

Working Load Limit or WLL

An arbitrary number determined by your company which is used to determine the working load limit, five is common in this industry. It commonly ranges from 5-9.

Design Factor

The average force in pounds needed to break a rope, as determined by the manufacturer.

Catalog Breaking Strength or CBS

List the common sling configurations from strongest to weakest.

Basket

Vertical

Choker

In parted blocks, friction overcomes the mechanical advantage after ____ parts, causing haul line tension to begin to rise.

10 parts

When referring to parted blocks, the _____ end should have the haul line coming out of it and the _____ end should be attached to the load.

Standing

Running

Name the parts of parted blocks.

Hook

Safety Latch

Swivel

Shell

Sheaves

Center Pin

Becket

Parts

Haul Line

Where is the weight rating located on parted blocks?

The hook and the shell.

What is the typical line loss in a DC transmission system?

4%

What is the typical line loss in an AC transmission system?

9%

A tag that contains important information about electrical equipment such as a transformers weight.

Nameplate

What is the main function of a transmission system?

To deliver large blocks of power from a source to the load.

What is the main determination for the size of an insulator?

The voltage

What is one individual conductor called in bundled conductor?

Sub-conductor

Do bundled conductors allow more amperage or voltage?

Amperage

The main objective of delivering power with a minimum of loss has a major bearing on the selection of a voltage level when engineering a transmission line. What other considerations are taken into account?

Length of the line

Amount of power to be delivered

Voltage of existing system

Cost of losses

What is the main function of a shield wire?

To provide lightning a path to ground.

The type of transmission that is used in large cities where right-of-way is very expensive.

Underground Transmission

What considerations are taken into account when determining the size of the right-of-way?

Voltage

The type of structure

Horizontal movement of the phase conductors

The level of the magnetic field

What must the right-of-way be cleared of?

Trees

Vegetation

What factors are taken into account when choosing a transmission structure?

Voltage of the line

Right-of-way size

geographical terrain

weather

size of conductor

whether two circuits are needed right away or in the future

Name the four types of insulators commonly used on transmission lines.

Porcelain suspension insulators

Porcelain line post insulators

Polymer suspension insulators

Polymer line post insulators

A suspension insulator hanging in a deadend configurations would require a higher ______.