Apps vs. Browsers

Among consumers who have purchased via both an app and a browser, apps are preferred by 45% of smartphone shoppers and 52% of tablet shoppers.

Consumers prefer apps because:

They are a convenient way to pay (36%)

They are a fast way to pay (24%)

They don’t need to carry or pull out a physical wallet when their details are stored (19%)

Consumer Purchasing Trends

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Countries

Country-Flags

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 70% of Australian consumers have shopped online; 76% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Australian consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Australian consumers most often purchase from:1. United States (50%)2. UK/Great Britain (36%)3. China (32%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (42%)2. Entertainment/education (physical items) (27%)3. Toys and hobbies (24%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Australian consumers are largely driven by postage costs. More than half (57%) of those who shop cross-border, and 38% of those who do not, cite postage costs as something that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. Similarly, 55% of Australian online shoppers say that free delivery would make them more likely to purchase from an international site.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 74% of Austrian consumers have shopped online; 82% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Austrian consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Austrian consumers most often purchase from:1. Germany (77%)2. UK/Great Britain (13%)3. United States (13%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (36%)2. Entertainment/education (physical items) (27%)3. Toys and hobbies (24%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Austrian consumers are largely driven by postage costs. More than half (59%) of those who shop cross-border, and 59% of those who do not, cite postage costs as something that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. Similarly, 52% of Austrian online shoppers say that free delivery would make them more likely to purchase from an international site.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 70% of Brazilian consumers have shopped online; 50% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Brazilian consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop international sites, Brazilian consumers most often purchase from:1. China (31%)2. United States (28%)3. Hong Kong (7%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (50%)2. Consumer electronics (36%)3. Cosmetics/beauty products (27%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Brazilian consumers are largely driven by delivery concerns. Half of those who shop from international sites, and half of those who do not, cite delivery time as something that prevents them from purchasing from international sites. Additionally, 41% of those who shop cross-border, and 50% of those who do not, cite postage costs as a barrier. More than half (56%) of Brazilian online shoppers say that free delivery would make them more likely to purchase from an international site.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 63% of Canadian consumers have shopped online; 74% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Canadian consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Canadian consumers most often purchase from:1. United States (68%)2. China (18%)3. UK/Great Britain (12%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (33%)2. Entertainment/education (physical items) (29%)3. Toys and hobbies (17%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Canadian consumers are largely driven by postage costs. Two thirds (66%) of those who shop cross-border, and 45% of those who do not, cite postage costs as something that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. Similarly, 62% of Canadian online shoppers say that free delivery would make them more likely to purchase from an international site.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 80% of Chinese consumers have shopped online; 26% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Chinese consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Chinese consumers most often purchase from:1. United States (14%)2. Hong Kong (9%)3. UK/Great Britain (6%)4. Japan (6%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (45%)2. Cosmetics/beauty products (38%)3. Consumer electronics (31%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

Postage costs are important to Chinese consumers. More than half (52%) of those who shop cross-border, and 46% of those who do not, cite postage costs as something that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. At the same time, 43% of online shoppers say that free delivery would make them more likely to purchase from an international site. However, security of financial information may be a more pressing concern to these shoppers, as 53% of Chinese online consumers cite a having safe way to pay as a potential driver.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 74% of Danish consumers have shopped online; 62% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Danish consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Danish consumers most often purchase from:1. UK/Great Britain (33%)2. United States (27%)3. Germany (25%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (37%)2. Entertainment/education (physical items) (23%)3. Consumer electronics (19%)4. Travel and transportation (19%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Danish consumers are largely driven by postage costs. Approximately half (51%) of those who shop cross-border, and 42% of those who do not, cite customs/duties/fees/taxes as something that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. At the same time, 41% of Danish online shoppers say that free delivery would make them more likely to purchase from an international site. Counterfeit goods are also of concern and are cited by 45% of those who do not shop cross-border as a barrier.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 70% of French consumers have shopped online; 50% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

French consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, French consumers most often purchase from:1. UK/Great Britain (23%)2. United States (20%)3. Germany (19%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (31%)2. Consumer electronics (21%)3. Entertainment/education (178)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, French consumers are largely driven by postage costs. Approximately half (51%) of those who shop cross-border, and 43% of those who do not, cite delivery postage costs as something that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. Secure ways to pay (44%) and free delivery (40%) are the top factors cited by shoppers as something that would make them more likely to purchase from an international site.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 77% of German consumers have shopped online; 40% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

German consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, German consumers most often purchase from:1. UK/Great Britain (15%)2. United States (13%)3. China (11%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (36%)2. Consumer electronics (17%)3. Entertainment/education (17%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

Postage costs are important to German consumers. More than half (54%) of those who shop cross-border, and 47% of those who do not, cite postage costs as something that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. At the same time, 37% of online shoppers say that free delivery would make them more likely to purchase from an international site. However, security of financial information may be a more pressing concern to these shoppers, as 43% of German online consumers cite having a safe way to pay as a potential driver.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 72% of Israeli consumers have shopped online; 82% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Israeli consumers are primarily motivated by savings and convenience when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Israeli consumers most often purchase from:1. United States (57%)2. China (57%)3. UK/Great Britain (26%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (57%)2. Toys and hobbies (36%)3. Consumer electronics (36%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

Israeli consumers are most worried that the items that they receive will not match the original product description, cited as a concern by 63% of those who shop cross-border, and 43% of those who do not. Duties and taxes are also a concern among 56% of Israeli consumers who shop on international sites, as are postage costs (52%). Two thirds (67%) of Israeli online shoppers say that free delivery would make them more likely to purchase from an international site.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 72% of Italian consumers have shopped online; 63% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Italian consumers are primarily motivated by savings and convenience when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Italian consumers most often purchase from:1. Germany (32%)2. UK/Great Britain (31%)3. USA (20%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Consumer electronics (42%)2. Clothing, footwear and accessories (30%)3. Travel and transportation (20%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Italian consumers are largely driven by costs associated with delivery. Nearly half (45%) of those who shop internationally are deterred by costs related to customs, duties and taxes. Similarly, 42% of those who shop cross-border, and 43% of those who do not, cite postage costs as something that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. At the same time, 49% of Italian online shoppers say that free delivery would make them more likely to shop cross-border.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 62% of Mexican consumers have shopped online; 62% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Mexican consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop international sites, Mexican consumers most often purchase from:1. United States (52%)2. China (20%)3. Spain (11%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (45%)2. Consumer electronics (39%)3. Entertainment/education (digital/downloadable) (28%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Mexican consumers are largely driven by delivery concerns. More than half (52%) of those who shop cross-border, and 48% of those who do not, cite slow delivery times as a barrier to shopping cross-border. Similarly, 51% of cross-border shoppers, and 50% of domestic shoppers, are concerned that they will not receive an item that they ordered from an international website. Safe payment processing (54%) and free delivery (50%) are the top factors that shoppers say would make them more likely to buy cross-border.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 67% of Dutch consumers have shopped online; 44% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Dutch consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop international sites, Dutch consumers most often purchase from:1. Germany (19%)2. United States (17%)3. UK/Great Britain (14%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (30%)2. Consumer electronics (20%)3. Travel and transportation (19%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

Postage costs are a big concern to Dutch shoppers, with 53% of those who shop cross-border, and 36% of those who do not, citing postage costs as something that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. Concern about not receiving an item and concerns about customs and taxes are also top barriers among Dutch consumers who already shop internationally (45% and 43%, respectively). More than one third (36%) of online Dutch consumers say free delivery would make them more likely to shop cross-border.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 73% of Norwegian consumers have shopped online; 72% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Norwegian consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop international sites, Norwegian consumers most often purchase from:1. United States (40%)2. UK/Great Britain (33%)3. China (24%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (37%)2. Travel and transportation (28%)3. Toys and hobbies (22%)4. Consumer electronics (21%)5. Entertainment/education (physical items) (21%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, customs and taxes are cited as a top concern amongst Norwegian consumers. More than half (57%) of those who shop cross-border and 47% of those who do not, say these types of fees prevent them from shopping on international websites. Postage costs are another deterrent for shoppers, cited by 49% of international shoppers and 30% of domestic shoppers. Free delivery and safe payment processing were both cited by 50% of Norwegian online consumers as something that would make them more likely to shop cross-border.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 73% of Polish consumers have shopped online; 36% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Polish consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Polish consumers most often purchase from:1. UK/Great Britain (16%)2. Germany (13%)3. United States (13%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (42%)2. Consumer electronics (29%)3. Toys and hobbies (22%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Polish consumers are largely driven by postage costs. More than half (55%) of those who shop cross-border, and 55% of those who do not, cite postage costs as something that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. Polish-language support and the ability to find items that aren’t available in local stores are each named by 43% of Polish online consumers as factors that would make them more likely to buy internationally.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 63% of Russian consumers have shopped online; 58% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Russian consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Russian consumers most often purchase from:1. China (44%)2. United States (20%)3. Germany (12%)4. Hong Kong (12%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (56%)Consumer electronics (40%)3. Toys and hobbies (35%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Russian consumers are largely concerned about the delivery and the returns process. More than half (55%) of those who shop internationally, and 45% of those who don’t, say they are concerned that the item they receive would not be as it was described at the time of purchase. Additionally, 51% of international shoppers and 39% of domestic shoppers say they worry about the difficult process of returning products. Approximately half (51%) of Russian online consumers say free delivery would make them more likely to purchase from an international site.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 71% of Spanish consumers have shopped online; 63% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Spanish consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Spanish consumers most often purchase from:1. UK/Great Britain (27%)2. China (26%)3. United States (21%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Consumer electronics (37%)Clothing, footwear and accessories (36%)3. Travel and transportation (22%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Spanish consumers are largely driven by delivery concerns. Nearly half (42%) of those who shop cross-border, and 36% of those who do not, cite the fear of not receiving an item as a factor that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. Similarly, 41% of those who shop internationally and 31% of those who do not say that slow delivery times are another reason they are less likely to shop cross-border. More than half (52%) of Spanish online consumers say that free delivery would make them more likely to purchase from an international site.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 72% of Swedish consumers have shopped online in the past 12 months; 57% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Swedish consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Swedish consumers most often purchase from:1. UK/Great Britain (25%)2. United States (25%)3. Germany (18%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (34%)2. Consumer electronics (22%)3. Entertainment/education (physical items) (18%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Swedish consumers are largely driven by postage costs. More than half (52%) of those who shop cross-border, and 43% of those who do not, cite postage costs as something that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. Similarly, 45% of Swedish online shoppers say that free delivery would make them more likely to purchase from an international site.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 72% of Swiss consumers have shopped online in the past 12 months; 70% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Swiss consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Swiss consumers most often purchase from:1. Germany (50%)2. United States (20%)3. France (18%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Travel and transportation (32%)2. Clothing, footwear and accessories (31%)3. Entertainment/education (28%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Swiss consumers are largely driven by postage costs. More than half (57%) of those who shop cross-border, and 58% of those who do not, cite delivery postage costs as something that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. Similarly, 46% of Swiss online shoppers say that free delivery would make them more likely to purchase from an international site.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 67% of Turkish consumers have shopped online; 37% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Turkish consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Turkish consumers most often purchase from:1. United States (18%)2. China (14%)3. Germany (9%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (36%)2. Consumer electronics (29%)3. Entertainment/education (digital/downloadable) (25%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Turkish consumers are largely driven by Customer Service concerns. Approximately half (51%) of those who shop cross-border, and 48% of those who do not, say that concerns that they may not receive sufficient help if they encounter problems prevents them from purchasing from foreign sites. Counterfeit goods are also a fear cited by 50% of those who shop internationally and 46% of those who do not. The top factors that would make Turkish consumers more likely to shop cross-border include free delivery, safe payment processing, and Turkish-language Customer Service.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 63% of Emirati consumers have shopped online; 60% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

Emirati consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, Emirati consumers most often purchase from:1. United States (30%)2. UK/Great Britain (18%)3. India (18%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Travel and transportation (43%)2. Clothing, footwear and accessories (40%)3. Consumer electronics (35%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, Emirati consumers are largely driven by postage costs. Nearly half (48%) of those who shop cross-border, and 51% of those who do not, cite postage costs as something that prevents them from making purchases on international websites. Free delivery and safe payment processing are the top factors cited by Emirati consumers that would make them more likely to shop cross-border.

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 76% of British consumers have shopped online; 42% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

British consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, British consumers most often purchase from:1. United States (24%)2. China (16%)3. Germany (9%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (33%)2. Cosmetics/beauty products (19%)3. Jewellery/watches (18%)4. Entertainment/education (physical items) (18%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, British consumers are largely driven by postage costs. More than half (54%) of those who shop cross-border, and 44% of those who do not, cite postage costs as something that prevents them from purchasing from international websites. Similarly, free delivery and free return postage would make shoppers more likely to purchase from international websites (cited by 41% and 33% of British online shoppers respectively).

How They Shop

In the last 12 months, 70% of American consumers have shopped online; 30% of those have shopped from international sites.

Buying Motivation

American consumers are primarily motivated by convenience and savings when they choose to shop online rather than instore.

International Shopping

When they shop on international sites, American consumers most often purchase from:1. China (13%)2. UK/Great Britain (9%)3. Canada (9%)

They most often purchase from the following categories:1. Clothing, footwear and accessories (34%)2. Toys and hobbies (18%)3. Travel and transportation (18%)

Barriers and Drivers to International Shopping

With regard to cross-border shopping, American consumers are driven primarily by postage costs and delivery times. Nearly half (46%) of those who shop cross-border, and 48% of those who do not, cite postage costs as something that prevents them from making purchases on international websites. Similarly, 45% of those who shop internationally say that delivery times are not fast enough. At the same time, 40% of American shoppers say they’d be more likely to make a purchase from a foreign website if free delivery was offered.

Customs and Taboos

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Countries

Country-Flags

Occasions

Back to School02/02/2015Valentine's Day14/02/2015Easter05/04/2015Mother's Day10/05/2015

Customs

Business gift giving is rarely expected but is considered a nice gesture. Gifts related to the person's business or hobbies are appropriate.Australians have embraced the green movement of recycled and eco-friendly products such as reusable shopping bags; recycled paper gift cards, stationery or calendars. Small gifts are commonly exchanged with family members, close friends and neighbours on birthdays and Christmas.If invited to someone's home for dinner, it is polite to bring a box of chocolates or flowers to the host. A good quality bottle of wine is always appreciated.

Customs

Giving knives or scissors symbolises wanting to sever ties with the gift’s recipient.Black and purple are colours that represent mourning, while handkerchiefs are associated with tears and funerals.

Customs

It is recommended to include both French and English translations on your business card.If you are invited to someone’s home, it is customary to bring the host or hostess chocolates, flowers or a bottle of wine.When receiving a gift, it is normally opened immediately in front of the gift-giver when received.A child's birthday cake will typically be a layer cake, within the layers a wrapped coin is hidden, and the child that finds the coin is the first to get a turn at all the party games.Children attending a Canadian birthday party may receive birthday crackers as a party favour. Birthday crackers are small cardboard tubes that are decorated with coloured paper, and when the children open them they make a popping noise and they will find a hidden treasure inside, typically a small toy or sweet.In Quebec, sending flowers in advance of a dinner party is proper protocol.White lilies or chrysanthemums are reserved for funerals.It is considered impersonal to give cash or money as a gift.Gifts are not normally exchanged in a business setting.

Customs

When invited into a home, flowers or wine are an appropriate gift to bring along.Gifts should be more conservative than expensive.When offering a gift, make sure that it is nicely wrapped.Avoid objects such as knives, letter openers or scissors, as they can imply the severance of a relationship.

Customs

When purchasing gifts for friends and family during Chinese New Year, consumers pay particular attention to product packaging.Ideally, gifts are wrapped in red paper for happy occasions, as red is a lucky colour.For weddings, gold and silver are also appropriate gift-wrapping colours.Gifts should be given with 2 hands.Gifts should be refused 1 or 2 times before being accepted.During the Spring Festival, Chinese custom prohibits the use of a broom for 3 days after New Year’s Day, so as to not sweep away the good luck the New Year brings.Fans signify scattering or splitting up upon getting married – for example, a young woman will give her parents a fan to signify she is leaving them for her husband.Never give a man a green hat – it insinuates his wife is cheating on him.Do not give a gift in sets of 4 (in Cantonese, the word for “four” sounds very much like the word for “death”).While red paper and gift-wrap is recommended, red ink is symbolic of severing ties. When signing a card or giving a pen, red ink should be avoided.

Customs

When a gift is given, the recipient should express tremendous gratitude.It is customary for a dinner guest to bring a gift for the hostess when invited to someone’s home. Typical gifts include flowers, pastries, chocolates, fruit and nuts.When meeting a business associate it is thoughtful to bring a gift for their children. American-made games and sweets are very popular items for these occasions, provided they are not widely available in Colombia already.In Colombia a girl's 15th birthday is considered an important milestone. The typical gift is gold.Wrapped gifts are not opened in public.Avoid lilies and marigolds, as they are reserved for funerals.

Customs

When attending a party or dinner at someone’s house, never arrive empty-handed. A bottle of champagne, dessert liqueur or box of chocolates are appropriate offerings.On 1 May, which is the French Labour Day, you should offer a small bouquet of “muguet” or Lily of the Valley, to loved ones and close friends.If offering flowers for a dinner party host, it may be a good idea to either send them the day before, or to bring something that requires minimal arrangement, since the host may have their hands full for the evening.Wine should generally not be offered when invited for dinner, as the host typically expects to make that decision themselves.When giving flowers, do not give 13.White chrysanthemums and lilies are reserved for funerals.Red carnations represent ill will.

Customs

When arriving in a home, it is customary to bring a small gift, taking into account the occasion and the recipient.Small gifts are polite when meeting a business contact for the first time.Birthdays are very important in German culture. On their birthday, children expect to wake up to gifts and a birthday cake.Pointed items such as knives, scissors or umbrellas are considered bad luck and should not be offered as wedding gifts.For family members, money is considered very impersonal for a wedding gift.In a relationship, shoes are an inappropriate gift as they represent the act of walking away.

Customs

Gift giving is an important practice in Hong Kong. If you receive a gift, it’s considered polite to give a gift in return.Gifts should be accepted with both hands.Unwrapping a gift in front of the gift giver implies that the recipient is greedy or impatient. To avoid awkwardness, gifts are usually accepted with a polite “thank you” and then set aside to be opened later.It is an increasingly common practice for companies to send cards to business associates for Christmas as well as Lunar New Year.When invited to a home, appropriate gifts include sweets, cookies, fruit, liquor or related gifts.It is important to avoid excessively admiring things (for example, a decorative object in a home) as the host may feel obligated to give it to you.For Lunar New Year, it is customary to present a gift of money in a red envelope to children and service personnel who you encounter on a regular basis. This offering is called a “hong bao.” Notes should be new and in even amounts. Many employers will give employees a “hong bao” equivalent to one month’s salary.Giving a green hat implies that the recipient's wife is unfaithful, or that his or her sister is not honourable.Blue should be avoided as a gift-wrapping colour as it is the colour of mourning.Shoes are not good gifts, as they denote unhappiness and bad luck.The Chinese word for four, sounds quite similar to the word for death in many varieties of Chinese. Special care may be taken to avoid occurrences or reminders of the number four.

Customs

Always bring a gift when invited to someone’s house for a holiday meal – this is especially true for Passover (April) and Rosh Hashanah (September). Customary gifts include decorative platters, vases, gift baskets, wine, flowers or confectionary.The same rule applies when one is invited to a Sabbath meal – gifts and flowers are appreciated.If you know that children will be present when invited to a home, acknowledging them with a small toy is appreciated.For life stage events – like weddings or Bar Mitzvah – cash is the proper gift.Gifts have a proper time and place with superstitions in mind. For example, no baby showers are held, and no items are bought for babies before they are born. The best etiquette is to have a gift delivered a couple of weeks after the baby is born.

Customs

Gifts should always be nicely wrapped.Birthdays and Catholic holidays are the most popular gift-giving occasions.Gifts may be given at baby showers but even more so at baptisms or christenings.Common baptism gifts include religious memorabilia, photo albums or money.Italians are generous gift-givers and appreciate well-known and respected brand names when offering or receiving gifts.Black and gold should be avoided as gift-wrapping colours, as they are reserved for mourning.Purple is considered bad luck and should be avoided when choosing gift wrap or packaging.Italians never give chrysanthemums as a gift, because they are traditionally reserved for bringing to funerals or cemeteries.

Customs

Always wrap a gift and put it in a bag, to be less conspicuous before giving it.Do not wrap a gift or package in white coloured paper.Gifts should be offered in private, as doing so in public may be embarrassing for the recipient, or others may become jealous.Gifts should be offered with both hands.In Japanese society, it is polite to turn down a gift once or twice before accepting it.Do not give any gift in 4s or 9s (4 has a very close connotation with death, and 9 is unlucky).The colour white, along with white flowers (especially lilies) represent mourning.Gift-givers typically avoid jewellery and house decorations, or anything the recipient may feel obliged to wear/display.

Customs

Gift-giving in Mexico symbolises affection and appreciation, and not giving gifts on some occasions may be perceived as a deliberately discourteous act.When invited into a home, the etiquette in Mexico is to bring a gift. Flowers are the best gift; alternatives include wine, gourmet sweets and cakes.White flowers are the best for gift-giving as they are considered uplifting.If your hosts have children, it is thoughtful to offer a gift such as a small toy that cannot be purchased within Mexico, or sports team clothing from your home country.There are no particular rules in regards to gift wrapping.A birthday custom in Mexico for children is to have a piñata at their celebration. The piñata is filled with sweets and small toys, then it is hung from the ceiling or a tree to be hit with a stick until it breaks.Celebrated throughout Latin America and Latino communities in the United States, the Quinceanera is celebrated by young women on their 15th birthday. This celebration is an important rite of passage which represents the transition from girlhood to womanhood. The celebration typically includes a mass and is usually followed by a party.Business gift-giving in Mexico is not usually required, but it is appreciated and viewed as a gesture of good will.Traditionally expensive gifts are not appropriate unless you have established a close friendship.Red flowers can carry negative connotations and are believed to cast spells.Purple flowers are associated with funerals.One should be cautious when giving silver, as Mexicans are one of the world’s top producers and exporters of silver and therefore take a lot of pride in silver products.

Customs

Gifts are not traded casually, and gift-giving occurs in close, personal relationships.General gifts often include books, art objects, wine or liquor.Knives should never be given as a gift.Ostentatious or lavish gifts are considered embarrassing and unnecessary.

Customs

Gifts are typically opened upon reception.It is polite to offer a gift to the hostess when invited to a dinner party. The most common gifts are flowers, desserts or a bottle of wine.Lavish or expensive gifts are seen as excessive in Polish culture, unless it is for a very close relation or a truly special occasion.Flowers should not be offered in odd numbers.One should avoid offering red or white flowers, especially carnations and lilies.Yellow chrysanthemums are associated with funerals.

Customs

Because Russians celebrate four winter holidays, small gifts or tokens of appreciation are common – extravagant, expensive gifts should be reserved for family.Some Russians consider giving watches as gifts to be a sign of separation or farewell.Chocolates or flowers are not appropriate gifts for a Russian man.Gifts such as jewellery or watches are not suitable for a Russian woman unless it is a romantic gift. Women prefer to select these gifts for themselves. The same is true for make-up and cosmetics.Many Russians consider giving sharp objects, like knives or scissors, to be taboo.It is taboo to give a wallet as a present without a token amount of money inside.Yellow flowers should not be given as they can signify illness or separation.Do not give a Russian man chocolates or flowers. Typical gifts to give to Russian men are nice bottles of hard alcohol, cufflinks, ties and techy accessories like styluses for smartphones and tablets, phone cases or headphones.

Customs

When invited to someone's home, you should bring a small, wrapped gift for the hostess such as chocolates, dessert items such as pastries or a bottle of high-quality wine.Gifts should be opened immediately in the presence of a host.Flowers are only sent for special celebrations. You should always give flowers in odd numbers (except for 13).When purchasing flowers, you should give something bright and colourful (red roses connote passion; yellow roses, infidelity).Recommended food or gifts include pastries, cakes, chocolates, champagne and fruit baskets.When giving flowers, you should not offer chrysanthemums, dahlias or white lilies.You should not give anything associated with the number 13 (considered an unlucky number).High quality gifts (something branded) are acceptable, but anything too extravagant may be considered a bribe.

Customs

Gifts are opened when received.During the holiday season, boxes of chocolate are popular gifts.When doing business in Sweden, it’s recommended that you don’t offer gifts to those who you are doing business with.

Customs

Ideally, gifts are wrapped in red paper for happy occasions, as red is a lucky colour.Gifts should be wrapped with great care. The wrapping can be as important as the gift.Gifts should be given and received with two hands.Gifts should be refused once or twice before being accepted.The following gifts are associated with funerals: gift wrap in white, black or blue; clocks; towels; handkerchiefs; straw sandals.Do not give a gift in sets of four (in Taiwanese, the word for “four” sounds very much like the word for “death”).Do not give scissors, knives or other cutting utensils as they indicate that you want to sever the relationship.Opening gifts hastily or in public view is considered impolite.

Customs

Any colour is acceptable for gift wrap as long as the gift is nicely wrapped.Gifts can be presented in public but will usually be opened in private.Desserts and flowers (especially roses and carnations) are popular Turkish gifts.It is polite to offer a gift to the hostess when invited to a dinner party. The most common gifts are desserts and candles.Weddings are arguably the biggest gift-giving occasion in Turkish culture. Traditionally, the bride and groom are given gifts of gold coins.Baby gifts are very common and are usually clothes and money.As Turkey’s culture is primarily Islamist, gifts of alcohol may not be a good choice.As Turkey is a Muslim country, the vast majority of the population does not recognise Christmas.

Customs

Gift giving is not a usual part of British business etiquette, although reciprocation is good practice when gifts are receivedHowever, the British do exchange gifts between family members and close friends for birthdays and Christmas.The gift doesn't need to be expensive, but it should try to be something related to the recipient's interests.Corporate gifts are typically not exchanged in the UK business culture. However, for business social events, small gifts are generally appropriate, such as a gift from your home country.If you're invited to someone's home, flowers, chocolate, cheese or wines make good gifts.

Customs

A gift can be as simple as a card and personal note. Gifts become more elaborate for someone you are close to.Gift-giving is not an elaborate event, except at Christmas or birthdays.When invited to someone's home for dinner, it's polite to bring a small box of good chocolates, a bottle of wine, a pot plant or flowers for the hostess.Gifts are normally opened when received.Gifts from your home country will always be appreciated. Good choices are local and regional arts and crafts, books, confectionary, speciality foods and wine or spirits (if it is certain that the recipient drinks alcohol).Many companies have policies that discourage their employees from giving or receiving gifts. Most government employees are not allowed to accept gifts. No offence should be taken if someone cannot accept a gift.The number 13 is considered unlucky.You shouldn't leave the price tag on gifts, but gift receipts are frequently included.

Fast Facts

In 2013 consumers spent $6.4bn overseas with forecasted annual growth of 21% by 2018The strength of the Australian dollar in recent years has increased purchasing power for Australian consumers on overseas websites and has been a strong driver of growth.Australian consumers are mainly buying from the UK, USA and ChinaClothing, shoes and accessories are the top vertical followed by books and airline tickets.In a 2013 study, 85% of survey respondents cited price was the most important reason for buying overseas followed by free delivery and the quality/variety of goods.Smartphone penetration in Australia is second only to South Korea, so a mobile optimised website would lend itself well to mobile shopping and couch commerce.

Fast Facts

Brazilian cross-border online shopping is due to grow 546% in the next 4 years, with a 2018 projection of US$8.4 billion.Online retail saw healthy growth in 2013, with total online sales increasing by 17%.Online shopping is expected to nearly double from 2013 to 2018, with projected 2018 sales of R$44.7 billion, or approximately US$20 billion.Clothing and footwear registered the fastest sales growth in 2013 at 38%.The demand for Brazilian products bought cross-border online was R$1.5 billion (close to US$750 million) in 2013. In 2018, it’s expected to expand 38% to US$2 billion.The US is the main market for Brazilian goods bought online, having imported US$425 million last year, followed by China (US$200 million).

Fast Facts

In Canada, 62% of online shoppers purchase cross-border. A third purchase from US websites and 8% purchase from Asian websites. The leading motives to buy from foreign online shops are cheaper prices (41%) and wider product selection (23%).21% of internet users in Canada have purchased from a US website at least once and 6% from non-US/non-Canada websites.From 2012 to 2017, internet retailing in Canada is expected to grow 14% annually.

Fast Facts

Chile has more reach than the average Latin American country in online commerce.Almost 60% of the audience consists of people less than 35 years old.Chilean ecommerce sales topped US$1.6 billion in 2013, a 23% increase compared to 2012.Chile has 4.65 million online shoppers.13% of online shoppers in Chile have used PayPal to pay for an online purchase.Chile’s ecommerce market saw 25% growth in 2013.Consumer electronics and appliances are the most commonly purchased products for Chile’s online consumers. The category accounted for 28% of overall online purchases in 2012.According to A.T. Kearney, 7 out of 10 households using the internet made at least two online purchases in 2013, spending an average of US$158.

Fast Facts

Almost half of China's 591 million internet users buy products online.In 2013, China overtook Japan as the second-largest consumer economy. China's level of consumer spending still remains far below America's, but it is growing much faster in percentage terms.According to PricewaterhouseCoopers, ecommerce will help China overtake the US as the world’s largest retail market as early as 2015.Chinese consumers are expected to spend $290 billion USD via online retail sites this year, compared with $260 billion USD for their counterparts in the United States.Global consulting firm Bain & Company projected that online shopping in China would grow at an annual rate of 32% from 2013 to 2015.Online sales of clothing and footwear, along with food and drink, are set to record annual growth rates of 34% between 2013 and 2018.Clothing and footwear remained the best-selling product type in online retailing, with sales growing by 43% in 2013 to reach RMB 607.4 billion or US $97.4 billion.Online retail in China is expected to see an annual growth rate of 25% between 2013 and 2018.

Urbanisation:Urban population: 75.3% of total populationRate of urbanisation: 1.65% annual rate of change

Religions:Roman Catholic 90%, other 10%

Fast Facts

The Republic of Colombia is the fourth largest economy in Latin America, and has the third largest population. Among its population, the middle class is a growing segment (composing 35.3% of the population).According to Cámara Colombiana de Comercio Electrónico (CCCE), in 2013, ecommerce sales in Colombia totalled US$2.5 billion and according to eMarketer, ecommerce in Colombia is expected to reach US$5.2 billion in 2016.The vast majority of consumers in Colombia make purchasing decisions based on pricing.Colombia is primarily a cash-driven economy. Only 30% of Colombians hold an account with a formal financial institution and only 10% of adults have a credit card.Market challenges for sellers include under-invoicing of goods and contraband products sold at steep discounts.Affluent consumers are the most likely to engage in ecommerce. 85% of affluent consumers reported making a purchase via a desktop or mobile device in a 12-month period. Middle class consumers are slightly less likely, with 60% reporting a digital purchase.Ecommerce engagement varies little among adults aged 25-55 but is lower among 18-24 year olds, likely because this group has less purchasing power.Electronics/computer products and fashion (clothing, shoes and accessories) are the most popular items for Colombian internet shoppers.

Fast Facts

Online shopping is expected to continue to grow in France, driven by increasing internet access and a larger proportion of French consumers becoming less cautious about online shopping, thanks in part to user-friendly shopping experiences and secure payment options.Clothing retailers operating online can avoid the strict regulations on sales periods in France, which brick-and-mortar stores have to comply with: a maximum of five weeks of sales per year.Online market growth from 2012 to 2013: +7%Consumers who buy on overseas websites: 28%Main reasons for shopping on foreign websites: 62% - Items not available from local websites and 54% - Cheaper priceKey issues to address when selling internationally: 42% - Trust and 40% - Postage costs

Fast Facts

Convenience and price transparency are prompting more and more German consumers to shop onlineOnline retailing grew 16% in 2012, reaching total sales of €21.3 billionThe following categories have some of the highest annual growth rates in online retailing in Germany: toys and games (6.8%), clothing (6.3%), and beauty and personal care (6.2%)Online market growth from 2012 to 2015: +31%Total online spending in 2013: €40.7 billionGerman consumers who buy on overseas websites: 28%Reasons for shopping on foreign websites: 71% - Items not available from local websites and 47% - Cheaper priceKey issues to address when selling internationally: 43% - Postage costs and 33% - Trust

Fast Facts

Hong Kong is ranked No.4 (25%) as the most popular market for online shoppers from six key markets: USA, UK, Germany, Brazil, China and Australia. Among these six markets, cross-border online shopping will be worth $105 billion in 2014, with 94 million consumers regularly buying from overseas websites. By 2018, this will increase nearly 200% to $307 billion with million cross-border online shoppers.Hong Kong is the fourth-most popular online shopping destination for American cross-border shoppers, with 20% of people saying that they purchased goods from Hong Kong.17% of Brazilian cross-border shoppers purchase goods online from Hong Kong.Nielsen recently measured consumer confidence and spending intentions in Hong Kong. The study found that global consumer confidence returned to pre-recession levels with an index score of 96 in the first quarter of 2014 – the highest score since Q1 2007. Hong Kong’s consumer confidence score is 15 points higher than the global average. Within the region, consumer confidence in Hong Kong is higher than that in Singapore (99) and Taiwan (76), and even with China (111).With cross-border ecommerce becoming a mainstream sales channel, Hong Kong’s online small businesses have seen an increase in sales growth by 3.3% in overseas markets in the past year.

Fast Facts

In 2009, ecommerce represented 6.4% of Israel's GDP, a figure that is expected to grow to 8.5% by 2015.In 2012, Israel's online ecommerce market was estimated at NIS 2.25 million.Over 80% of Israelis bought something online last year, more than in any European country, and they shopped primarily from Chinese merchantsIsrael is one of the top 10 countries in the world transferring money for internet purchases to China.

Fast Facts

In 2013, B2C ecommerce exports in Italy grew faster than imports (+28% vs. +13%).Nearly 24 million Italian consumers have shopped online, and 32% have purchased from a foreign website.In Italy, tourism accounted for an estimated 55% (€1.1 billion) of B2C ecommerce exports in 2013, while fashion and food were also important growth channels.Online shopping on mobile devices tripled from 2012 to 2013, jumping from 4% to 12%.In 2013, eBay led internet sales in Italy with a 19% value share.From 2013 to 2018, the clothing and footwear category in Italy is expected to grow 83% (or an average of 13% each year), reaching approximately €1.5 billion.

Fast Facts

According to a new index of the 30 best countries for online retailing from A.T. Kearney, Japan trails only China as the country with the most ecommerce potential.Japan is ahead of China in areas like payments and logistics, and its online retail market will grow from $52 billion in 2013 to $80 billion in 2018, according to the Kearney report.Although the country isn’t nearly as large as China – Japan has million internet users and 75 million online shoppers – its population is quick to adopt technology, including smartphones and tablets, according to the report. Therefore, retailers in Japan need to focus on wowing shoppers with top-of-the-line websites and delivery services.Perfumes and cosmetics are one of the largest-growing imports for Japan, growing 46.2% in 2012 alone to $3.4 billion.

Fast Facts

In 2013, 45% of online shoppers in Mexico stated that their reason for shopping online was the ability to buy items from other countries.From 2013 to 2018, the number of online buyers in Mexico will increase 114%, from 8.4 million in 2013 to 18 million in 2018.Ecommerce sales in Mexico will continue to grow at healthy double-digit rates through 2016, when annual sales will near an estimated $13 billion.In 2013, Mexico’s ecommerce sales totalled US$9 billion.The following are the top 5 products that Mexicans buy via ecommerce: • Music/movies • Computers • Clothes & accessories • Tickets to shows • Hotel reservationsThere are 3 main reasons that Mexican consumers cite for not buying online: • Fear of providing credit card details • Distrust that personal information will be handled securely • Distrust in timely or effective delivery procedures37% of Mexican internet users surveyed spend between US$30 and US$75 each time they shop online.

Fast Facts

From 2013 to 2014, internet retailing in the Netherlands registered an 8% growth to total €4.1 billion.Consumer electronics were the most important product for internet retailers in 2013.Nearly 95% of the Dutch population has home internet access, making the Netherlands a European frontrunner. Additionally, high-speed access has a strong 80% penetration.According to ComScore, Dutch consumers want more choices when it comes to shopping online, more control over when and where their purchases will be sent and a more seamless returns process.60% of Dutch consumers cite cheaper prices as their main reason for shopping on foreign websites.Between 2011 and 2013, the percentage of Dutch internet users willing to spend more on products from socially responsible companies grew 11%, from 20% to 31%.

Fast Facts

About 30% of Polish consumers shop online.Online shoppers in Poland often buy clothing and accessories, but spend the most on electronics and household goods.In general, consumers are attracted by the convenience of shopping (being able to shop 24 hours a day, 7 days a week), competitive prices and the option of home delivery.A growing number of Polish consumers are no longer afraid of making payments online, which supports growth in the channel.Due to increasing access to broadband internet, the total number of online consumers is increasing annually.In 2012, 15% of Polish online shoppers purchased from foreign online shops, and 11% purchased from foreign online auctions.The main reason Polish consumers cite for online cross-border shopping is the unavailability of a product in Polish online shops.

Urbanisation:Urban population: 73.8% of total population (2011)Rate of urbanisation: 0.13% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Religions:Russian Orthodox 15-20%, Muslim 10-15%, other Christian 2% (2006 est.) Note: estimates are of practising worshippers; Russia has large populations of non-practising believers and non-believers, a legacy of over seven decades of Soviet rule

Fast Facts

Consumer electronics and video games accounted for 25% of total online sales in Russia in 2013.From 2013 to 2018, online retailing in Russia is expected to increase in value at an average rate of 14% per year, up to RU 909.3 billion in 2018.Online retail recorded the highest growth of any retailing channel in Russia in 2013, accounting for 62% of total non-store retail sales.This increase was due primarily to an expanded range of products available and the various discounts on offer.Not all of Russia’s internet retailing websites accept credit cards and many Russians still make every effort to avoid paying by card online, preferring instead to use Russian Post payments or bank account transfers.According to recent research conducted by Morgan Stanley, 58% of Russian online retailing customers prefer to pay for their online purchases using cash on delivery, with a further 49% also using internet and online payments, while 23% prefer to pay for their purchases using bank transfers.Only 32% of Russian consumers are prepared to use credit cards to pay online, with 12% using mobile payment methods to pay for their online shopping.

Urbanisation:Urban population: 77% of total population (2010)Rate of urbanisation: 1% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.

Religions:Roman Catholic 94%, other 6%

Fast Facts

Online retailing is expected to increase annually by 17% between 2012 and 2017, rising to €4.0 billion by the end of 2017. Online retailing is less developed in Spain than in many other European countries, and this is one of the reasons for the high growth projections for online retailing over the forecast period.Growth in online retailing in Spain has so far been fuelled largely by the increased openness among the general population of Spain with regards to the security of online transactions and the positive reaction to the convenience and other benefits offered by online retailingClothing online retailing is also expected to record positive growth between 2012 and 2017, as lower prices and a wider range of brands are unlikely to be offered through many shop-based retailing outlets, especially in certain regions of Spain. This makes online retailing the most attractive clothing option for an increasing numbers of Spanish consumers.Spanish spending on clothing is projected to grow 24% from 2012-2017

Fast Facts

32% of Swedish consumers have purchased goods on a foreign website.Ecommerce in Sweden currently accounts for 6% of total retail sales.In total, Swedish shoppers spent €8.2 billion on consumer goods purchased online in 2013.The most popular product categories for Swedish ecommerce are consumer electronics, books, clothing and footwear.Swedish retail sales on the internet increased by 17% during 2013, with a total turnover of US$5 billion.

Urbanisation:Urban population: 78% of total populationRate of urbanisation: 0.1% annual rate of change

Religions:Mixture of Buddhist and Taoist 93%, Christian 4.5%, other 2.5%

Fast Facts

In 2013, Taiwan was ranked the 12th-largest trading partner of the United States in goods, placing it ahead of markets such as India and Italy.Taiwanese consumers are sophisticated and plugged into global consumer trends. US products, as well as products from the region, are well represented there.Price is often the most important factor for Taiwanese buyers, and foreign products must conform to local standards and labelling regulations.The main online consumers are young people aged 20-39.The Taiwanese ecommerce market is projected to hit US$33.34 billion in 2015 and account for half of the overall retail market.Mobile ecommerce has especially great potential, as nearly 18% of the internet users in Taiwan surf the web via their mobile devices, including tablet computers and smartphones.

Fast Facts

Turkey’s fast-growing population and a steady increase in online shopping are expected to support the rapid expansion of ecommerce in the country.Ecommerce in Turkey is expected to grow 16% every year through to 2017, when it will reach a market value of US$6.6 billion.From 2012 to 2017, internet usage is expected to rise nearly 30%, driving ecommerce growth.Smartphone usage in Turkey is expected to increase by nearly 125% between 2012 and 2017.Half of Turkey’s population is under 30 years old and active on social networks. Along with consumers’ open attitudes toward business enterprise, this makes Turkey an ideal country for ecommerce growth.In 2013, online sales in Turkey jumped 40% compared to 2012, with more than 50,000 ecommerce portals operating in the country, according to a recent study.The most popular product categories for online shoppers are clothing, sporting goods, electronic equipment, household goods and travel arrangements.In 2013, there were more than 50,000 ecommerce portals operating in Turkey.

Fast Facts

Online retailing in the UK increased by 12% in 2013.Clothing and footwear were the largest online retailing categories in the UK in 2013.Consumer electronics and video gaming hardware were the fastest-growing categories in online retailing in 2013.Boxing Day sales:Data from Experian Hitwise shows that Boxing Day 2013 was the biggest and busiest day ever for online retailers in the UK.British internet users made million visits to retail websites on Boxing Day, a 15% year-on-year increase, making 26 December the biggest online shopping day ever.UK consumers spent 17 million hours browsing and shopping online on Boxing Day, contributing to a total of 44.3 million hours shopping online across Christmas Eve, Christmas Day and Boxing Day.There were 90 million online retail visits on Christmas Eve 2013 (up 6% year-on-year) and million online retail visits on Christmas Day (up 6% year-on-year).Online market growth from 2012 to 2015: +36%Consumers who buy on overseas websites: 30%

Fast Facts

Online retailing saw 16% growth in 2013, reaching US$208 billion (excluding sales tax)Online sales of consumer appliances recorded the highest growth in 2013 as the improving housing market and instore collection option continued to encourage consumers.Online retailing is expected to have an annual growth rate of 11% from 2013-2018; the fastest of any retailing channel.One of the biggest pushes by online retailers in 2013 revolved around decreasing delivery times and costs for US online shoppers.Mobile online retailing is one of the fastest growing areas of commerce in the US. In 2013, the channel accounted for 12% of overall online retailing, up from 8% in 2011.By 2016, mobile online retailing is expected to comprise 18% of overall online retailing.

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