In it, Mr Macron said there are no prohibited topics and lists more than 30 questions.

He suggests the French can express their views on which taxes should be lowered, what solutions there are for reducing the price of travel, heating and food, and whether mandatory voting and reducing the number of lawmakers should be considered.

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Mr Macron also mentions the possibility of introducing annual immigration quotas, saying it would not apply to asylum status.

He stresses that “we will not abandon measures we have taken … to encourage investment and make the work pay more”.

The French leader said the debate would help the government develop policies and France’s position on the European and international scene.

The debate comes as the yellow vest movement appeared to gain new momentum this weekend.

The French Interior Ministry said about 84,000 people turned out on Saturday for the ninth straight round of demonstrations across France, up from 50,000 the previous week.

Thierry Paul Valette, founder of a group called “yellow vests citizens”, said the yellow vests would have “no break. The mobilisations continue”.