Plaster life mask made from
the original mold taken from Lincoln's face by Leonard Volk in Chicago,
1860

"If it is [God's] will that I must die at the hand of an
assassin, I must be resigned. I must do my duty as I see it, and
leave the rest with God."

--Abraham Lincoln, 1864

Abraham Lincoln was the first American president to be assassinated. He was attacked by actor John Wilkes Booth, a Southern sympathizer, during a performance at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C., on April 14, 1865. It was exactly five days after the end of the Civil War.

In death, Lincoln achieved the adoration and popular appeal that eluded him in life. He became a martyr for national unity and equality and a hero to the millions who responded to his death with an unprecedented outpouring of grief.

The manner in which America mourned Abraham Lincoln evolved into rituals that shaped the way the country has reacted to tragedies ever since, including John F. Kennedy's assassination one hundred years later.

This
drum and drumsticks were used at Lincoln's funeral. Mourning for
Abraham Lincoln combined the use of traditional military rites, the
need for official governmental commemoration, and the desire to provide
a means for the public expression of grief. As his body was transported
to his hometown of Springfield, Illinois, the two-week-long funeral
procession retraced the train journey Lincoln had taken to Washington
as president-elect, allowing one million Americans to pay their respects
to "the savior of the Union." In many of the cities the train passed
through there were parades to honor Lincoln.

"Columbia
Grieving at Lincoln's Bier," from Harper's Weekly,
April 29, 1865. Images such as this, printed in nearly every newspaper
throughout America, reflected the depth of the nation's grief over
the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.

Courtesy of Library of Congress

Top
hat worn by Abraham Lincoln the night he was shot
Objects owned by or associated with Abraham Lincoln quickly became relics, reminding Americans of Lincoln's greatness and challenging them to keep his ideals alive. One of the Smithsonian Institution's most treasured icons is this top hat, worn by Lincoln to Ford's Theatre on the night of his assassination.