The operating forces of the Navy (fig. 1-8) includethe following:1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.The composition of both Pacific andAtlantic Fleets, including forces andcommands by type as follows:a. Fleet Marine Forcesb. Naval Air Forcesc. Naval Surface Forcesd. Submarine Forcese. Training CommandsU.S. Naval Forces, EuropeMine Warfare CommandMilitary Sealift CommandOperational Test and Evaluation ForceNaval Reserve ForceU.S. Naval Forces, Central CommandU.S. Naval Forces, Southern CommandShore activities of the Department of theNavy assigned to the operating forcesAs mentioned earlier in this chapter, theoperating forces have two organizational chainsof command. One is a permanent administrativechain (fig. 1-9), and the other is a task-orientedoperational chain (fig. 1-10) structured to meetparticular requirements. For example, a destroyermay administratively belong to a squadron(DESRON) that is part of a cruiser-destroyergroup (CRUDESGRU). CRUDESGRU, in turn,is part of the surface force (SURFLANT) thatreports to the Commander in Chief, Atlantic Fleet(CINCLANTFLT). Operationally the samedestroyer may be deployed as part of a taskelement, unit, group, and force that are part ofthe Seventh Fleet answering to CINCPACFLT.A task force is a subdivision of a fleetcomposed of several types of ships according tooperational necessity. Thus, a task force mayinclude battleships, aircraft carriers, cruisers,amphibious craft, and auxiliary vessels such astenders or supply ships. Sometimes a fleet is largeenough and its duties are extensive enough torequire division into many task forces. When thathappens, the task forces become part of groupingscalled task fleets. The division of a task force (TF)creates task groups. Task groups have numberscorresponding to the particular task force ofwhich they are a part. For instance, if TF 77 hasa task group assigned to reconnaissance, its setnumber will be TG 77.3. We may subdivide taskgroups even further into task units and taskelements. For example, TU 77.3.1 is Task Unit1 of Task Group 3 of Task Force 7 of the SeventhFleet.Fleet Marine Forces are type commands underthe administrative control of the Commandant ofthe Marine Corps. These forces operate undertheir respective fleet commander in chief as doother type commands.Figure 1-8.-Operating forces reporting to the CNO.1-14