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Jenis jenis motor / aliran modifikasi

Bobber

A Bobber is a style of custom motorcycle that took shape in the 1950s and continues to be built today. Bobbers are related to choppers in that they both represent a minimalistic approach where everything is stripped from a bike that is not readily needed. This includes the characteristic rigid frame and shortened ("bobbed") rear fender.

The principal difference between bobbers and choppers is that bobbers are typically built around unmodified frames while chopper frames are often cut and welded into shape. They also often lack most of the chopper's aesthetic characteristics such as chromed parts and elongated forks. Thus, bobbers are fairly easy to create from stock motorcycles and are generally hand built.

Chopper

In the post-World War II United States, servicemen returning home from the war started removing all parts deemed too big, heavy, ugly or not absolutely essential to the basic function of the motorcycle, such as fenders, turn indicators, and even front brakes. The large, spring-suspended saddles were also removed in order to sit as low as possible on the motorcycle's frame. These machines were lightened to improve performance for dirt-track racing and mud racing.

Forward-mounted foot pegs replaced the standard large 'floorboard' foot rests. Also, the standard larger front tire, headlight and fuel tank were replaced with much smaller ones. Many choppers were painted preferably all in either flat black or in shiny metallic “metal flake” colors. Also common were many chromed parts (either one-off fabricated replacements or manually chromed stock parts). According to the taste and purse of the owner, “chop shops” would build high handle bars, or later “Big Daddy” Roth Wild Child’s designed stretched, narrowed, and raked front forks. Shops also custom built exhaust pipes and many of the “after market kits“ followed in the late 1960s into the 1970s. Laws required (and in many locales still do) a retention fixture for the passenger, so vertical backrests called sissy bars were a popular installation, often sticking up higher than the rider's head.

While the decreased weight and lower seat position improved handling and performance, the main reason to build such a chopper was to show off and provoke others by riding a machine that was stripped and almost nude compared to the softer-styled stock Harley-Davidsons, let alone the oversized automobiles of that time.

Cafe Racer

The cafe racer is a motorcycle that has been modified for speed and good handling rather than comfort. Cafe racers' bodywork and control layout typically mimicked the style of contemporary Grand Prix roadracers, featuring an elongated fuel tank and small, rearward mounted, humped seat. A signature trait were low, narrow handlebars that provided more precise control at high speeds and allowed the rider to "tuck in" to lessen wind resistance. These are referred to as either "clip-ons" (two-piece bars that bolt directly to each fork tube) or "clubmans" (one piece bars that attach to the stock mounting location but drop down and forward). The ergonomics resulting from low bars and the rearward seat often required "rearsets," or rear-set footrests and foot controls, again typical of racing motorcycles of the era. Distinctive half or full race-style fairings were sometimes mounted to the forks or frame.

The bikes had a raw, utilitarian and stripped-down appearance while the engines were tuned for maximum speed. These motorcycles were lean, light and handled road surfaces well. The most defining machine of its heyday was the homemade Norton Featherbed framed and Triumph Bonneville engined machine called "The Triton". It used the most common and fastest racing engine combined with the best handling frame of its day, the Featherbed frame by Norton Motorcycles. Those with less money could opt for a "Tribsa" - the Triumph engine in a BSA frame.

Mini Chopper

Mini choppers are scaled-down versions of custom-built motorcycles known as choppers and are generally constructed from 1" steel tubing or 3/4" steel black pipe. The tube or pipe is bent and then welded together to get the desired angles and shapes of the frame, which is usually custom mad

Minibike

A minibike, also recently known as a mini moto or pocketbike, is a miniature motorcycle. Most traditional minibikes use four stroke engine to turn the rear wheel via a chain. Small cheap gasoline engines like ones produced for yard equipment are most often used, though most designs require a horizontal crankshaft engine. This means that typical walk behind mowers, which use vertical crank engines, cannot be used. Some models use a two stroke engine, and DSCF0813electric-powered models are also available. A 2-stroke engine usually creates a louder, higher frequency noise than a typical four-stroke engine, this is because a two-stroke engine has a power stroke, and subsequent exhaust pulse for every rotation of the crankshaft, while a four-stroke has a power stroke, and an exhaust pulse every other rotation of the crankshaft. In effect, two-strokes sound as if they are operating at double the speed of a four-stroke engine. Also, an improperly tuned two-stroke often releases unburnt fuel, and thick blue smoke out exhaust during normal operation, these features, along with a minibike's small size, mean that minibikes are rarely street-legal but are legal on all grassed non privately owned areas.

Street Fighter

A streetfighter is a superbike that is customized by removing the fairing, and making other changes that result in an overall more aggressive look. Made popular by European riders, this type of custom motorcycle is gaining popularity all over the world.

This particular term should not be confused with a street motorcycle or street-use motorcycle, which is a generic term (used by the motorcycle industry) applied to urban street bikes.

An auto rickshaw or three-wheelers (tuk-tuk, auto, rick, autorick or rickshaw in popular parlance) is a motor vehicle that is one of the chief modes of transport across many parts of South and East Asia, especially as a vehicle for hire. It is a motorized version of the traditional rickshaw or velotaxi, a small three-wheeled cart driven by a person, and is related to the cabin cycle.

Auto rickshaws are particularly popular where traffic congestion is a problem. They are common in many Asian cities like Bangkok, Dhaka, Ahmedabad, Pune, Delhi,[1] Mumbai, Chennai, Hyderabad and Bengaluru,[2] and some can be seen on the streets of China Town in London. They are also seen widely in Sri Lanka

Rat Bikes

The concept of keeping a motorcycle in at least minimally operational condition without consideration for appearance has probably characterized motorcycle ownership since its earliest days. However, since the general upturn in economic conditions of the late 1960s, trends seemed to favor replacement of well-worn bikes with newer models, or with maintenance that conserved the appearance of a like-new condition. "Rat bikes" seemed to appear in the late '70s to early '80s, before the term was even invented, in large part as a social statement in favor of functionality over the esthetics of like-new appearances. The essence of a true rat bike is keeping a motorbike on the road for the maximum amount of time while spending as little as possible on it.[2] This calls for adaptation of parts that were not designed to fit the model of bike in question[3]. Credit for the term 'rat bike' was attributed to custom motorbike magazines and retrospectively applied.

Rat bikes do not have to be matte black, however the vast majority of rats seem to be so these days[4] in what may be a cross over from survival bikes. These two kinds of "customized" motorcycles may appear similar but are a vastly different species.

More recently, there has been a trend of deliberately customising bikes into rats, but this defies the organic growth into a rat bike that characterized them originally and led to their uniqueness. Bikes deliberately distressed to look like a rat bike are sometimes derisively referred to as fake rats. Currently the "rat style" is also gaining popularity in car customizing circles, though again in a somewhat misunderstood manner where vehicles are carefully decorated or modified to look worn with age. It is much like the distressing of furniture

Survival Bike

Survival bikes are bikes that may appear to be rat bikes, but are not. They are influenced by the Mad Max films.

For many, both rat and survival bikes present an ideological alternative to the consumerist mainstream. The endless quest for speed of the modern sportsbike or the large areas of chrome on cruisers or factory-produced, "custom"-style bikes is subverted by the alternative approach of the rat bike enthusiast. Matte black paint requires no polishing, unlike cruisers with lavish amounts of chrome and custom paint jobs. Similarly, the guiding principle of functionality and practicality make usable power in all road situations more important than speeds that can only be attained on a racetrack.

Whereas many take pride in, or are impressed by, the latest/biggest/fastest/most expensive motorcycle, the ratbiker is impressed by ingenuity and frugality. A decades-old bike that has been kept on the road by whatever is at hand or a resurrected wreck is more prized than a shiny, right-off-the-show-room-floor, new motorcycle
Race Replica

A race replica motorcycle is a publicly available retail vehicle that resembles a competition race bike either in performance or appearance.

The classification is imprecise and varies from bikes derived directly from a racing prototype (such as the Ducati Desmosedici) to production bikes that are considered heavily influenced by a manufacturer's racing experience (such as the Aprilia RS125 or Kawasaki ZX-7R). It does not extend to retail bikes competing in race series that require an existing production bike be used (such as the Honda CBR1000RR).

The term is often applied by manufacturers to market motorcycles and scooters that resemble a racing prototype (such as a similar paint scheme) but are not actually derived from racing vehicles. Some of the performance race replicas are offered with sponsor decals so that it may completely resemble a professional race bike.

Electric Dragbike

An electric dragbike, is a motorcycle driven by an electric motor powered by batteries.

Electric dragsters have come of age with new developments in battery and motor technology. Electric motors powered by lithium cells can deliver power to weight ratios similar to high performance petrol engines. Drag races last around ten seconds so battery range is not an issue.

A number of electric dragbikes and dragsters (cars) are competing with top fuel classes.

Electric dragbike tend to use Lithium or NIMH cells due to their higher energy density which means they are less bulky to carry.In addition fewer cells are needed compared o a car as the "payload" of bike and rider is lighter.Typically 80kg rider 200kg bike excluding battery weight.

Enduro motorcycle is a motorcycle specially made for the Enduro sport, with the long travel and medium-hard suspension of a motocross bike conjoined with features such as a headlight and quiet muffler to make the bike street-legal for parts of the track. The engine of an enduro bike is usually a single cylinder 2-stroke between 125cc and 360cc[1], or 4-stroke between 250 and 650cc.

There can be an advantage to having an engine size smaller than 650cc in some Enduro events as it is nearly always lighter, which means it has easier handling for getting around trees, obstacles, etc. However, in some Enduro events, the larger bike sizes allow them to get up hills without going down a gear or even two.
Rice Rocket

A rice rocket is a slang term applied to Japanese-made sports bikes. The term is derived from the speed of the motorcycle (rocket), and the "Japanese" origin of the vehicles (a reference to cultural and historical importance of the rice crop in Japan). The term is sometimes used derogatorily, implying that American and/or European vehicles are superior to Japanese made vehicles, but, as with many slang terms, may also be used neutrally or even as a term of affection, depending on the speaker and context.

Touring Motorcycle

touring motorcycle is a type of motorcycle designed for long-distance touring and heavy commuting. Although any motorcycle can be used to tour with, manufacturers have brought specific models designed to address the particular needs of these riders. Common to the touring motorcycle models is usually large displacement fairings and windshields (to offer a high degree of weather and wind protection), large capacity fuel tanks (for long ranges between fill-ups), engines offering lots of low-end horsepower, and a more relaxed, more upright seating position than sport bikes. These motorcycles can be further subdivided into multiple sub-categories, which are commonly used terms within the motorcycle industry.

Underbone

Underbone Motorcycles are a class of small motorcycles based on a singular tube frame, the 'underbone' supporting the vehicle. Underbone cycles fall somewhere between scooters and motorcycles, and are called mopeds in Western countries when also fitted with pedals.

This underbone cycle is popular in East Asian and South East Asian countries for their low cost, handling performance, reliability and fuel efficiency. In Malaysia or Singapore this vehicle commonly known as Kapcai or Kapchai; while in Indonesia, it is called "motor bebek"

Falcon Motorcycle

Falcon Motorcycles is a custom motorcycle company that specializes in taking the raw derelict frames and engines of post war British motorcycles, and transforming them into one-of-a-kind, handmade machines.[2] It was founded in 2007, by at the time underground motorcycle builder Ian Barry and his British born fiancee Amaryllis Knight. Each motorcycle produced by Falcon is unique, and personalized from frame to engine, the majority of parts being custom created for the rider, whilst rare vintage parts are modified and tailored to the specific buyer. or bike[3]

Scooter

Scooters are two-wheeled motor vehicles that have evolved from their classic roots combining a step-through frame, small wheels (10" to 16" in diameter), and rear swingarm-mounted engine suitable for light duty — to a broad range of modern designs that include step-through as well as step-over frames, small or large wheels, front fairings or floor boards, and manual or automatic transmissions — suitable for a range of duty from urban to highway.

Scooters such as the Vespa LX series reflects the scooters' historical antecedents: small wheels, floor boards, front fairing, inner fairing storage. By contrast, the Honda Big Ruckus features no bodywork, floorboards or step-through frame, but remains classified as a scooter due to its smaller wheels and engine placement. The Piaggio MP3, with two front wheels (three wheels total) reflects the fluid nature of the scooter classification. Scooter engine displacements range from under 50 cc to over 799 cc, and some have engine locations in stark contrast to classic scooter design (e.g. Yamaha T-Max 500, Suzuki Burgman 650, Gilera GP800).