FAQ

General

Whether you are having one of our genetic testing or one from another provider, there are some questions you should clarify in advance for protecting yourself from unnecessary or frivolous genetic testing offers. Please read the questions below for more details.

This is one of the most important points. In clinical practice it is quite common to begin with a small genetic analysis and to initially test for a single gene defects. Or a single gene will be tested although there are more risk genes which may have a defect. In these cases, the validity of the genetic tests is limited, as the fact that a particular gene has no defect does not mean that there are no defects in another gene associated with this disease.

This is an important point, which is often not considered. Some gene defects are so rare that a genetic test simply cannot be justified. One example is the hereditary fructose intolerance. About one in 20,000 people have a defect in the relevant gene, which means that only one in twenty thousandth tests makes sense. These tests bring profit to their vendors, even if they have no practical application. Our genetic tests were compiled taking into account this fact. The frequency of each genetic defect for which the Novogenia laboratory offer analyses can be found on the product page.

Genetic tests are a complex issue and therefore you should make sure that detailed advice is available and that you will find out all the important information about the genetic test. The interpretation of the results can be complicated under certain circumstances, and you should have the opportunity to ask an expert. For this reason, our genetic tests can be carried out only under expert advice of our partners or your family doctor. Additionally, easy to understand reports and detailed advice videos are at your disposal. Please contact us and we will recommend one of our partners.

Few people can use a statement like "You are homozygous for a risk allele of the Factor V Leiden mutation". So make sure that the result is prepared in plain language, to save you frustration. You can get a first impression of how our final reports look like under "Demo”.

Many genetic test providers focus on the detection of disease-causing gene defects and the scope of services usually ends at this point. Make sure that you get a prevention program in the event of an increased disease risk, which helps prevent the disease. This aspect is strongly emphasized in our finished genetic analysis reports.

Be wary of genetic testing which test for diseases for which there are no effective preventive or treatment measures. In this case, the knowledge of a genetic risk is a mental load which cannot be countered with preventive measures. Although this knowledge could be of interest for some people, the benefits are very limited. DNA Plus has no such genetic testing in the program and only offers genetic testing that can also yeld preventive measures.

Many genetic tests are sold as "novelty" or “just for fun” tests – which means they must not align to the strict regulations (quality assurance, etc.) of the medical genetic tests. These genetic tests are typically not monitored by doctors and should in no way provide a basis for health measures. Our genetic analyzes are a medical service that operates only under the highest quality standards and is subject to, among other, certification bodies monitored by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Health.

Some genes have not yet been sufficiently scientifically validated to allow a clear confirmation on the relationship between a gene and a disease. Therefore, we consider for our program only those genes that have been frequently identified as risk genes in large scientific studies.

Make sure that your preventive measures are compiled and monitored by doctors. Only in this way you can also ensure that you receive medically accurate information for prevention. Genosense collaborates with leading doctors and scientists in order to provide preventive measures of the highest medical standards.

Data security is an important aspect in this area. Ensure that data security measures are observed and that no one else has access to your analytical results. At Genosense, we meet severe data protection measures to ensure the highest security for your data. Convince yourself; you can find more information under "Security".

Our tests can generally not be ordered over the internet as we see a full and competent support as indispensable for the performance of the genetic analysis. Therefore, we work with partners who professionally support you in the performance of the analysis. Just send us an e-mail with your adress and we will send you the contact details of our partners nearby.

There are a number of mechanisms that defang free radicals and are controlled by genes.
The SOD2 gene for example neutralizes the free radical superoxide in the mitochondria.
The GPX1 gene neutralizes free radicals in other tissue.
The GST* enzyme in the liver neutralizes other free radicals in other tissue.

There are also possibilites to measure oxidative stress. Each one has benefits and disadvantages.

1. One measures the free radicals directly in the blood or urine.
- The problem is that the oxidative stress problems in the cells are not recognized and measured.
2. One measures the damage the free radicals cause.
- Here also, the picture is incomplete depending on where it is measured.
3. One measures the antioxidative enzymes (which are created by the genes).
- A very indirect possibility.

Depending on which test was conducted the picture will vary because there are just too many different kinds of oxidative stress.

But also without these risk factors through a missing genetic protection:
8. Genetic variation

We analyze the genetic variations and therefore know whether the body has a basic protection against oxidative stress or not. If not we modify the environment and diet to compensate the missing protection. When the genes are fine and there is nevertheless increased stress it probably means that an additional risk factor increases the oxidative stress, so the genes cannot fight against it.

The genetic results are communicated in the form of a book. It comprises of up to 200 pages and includes all important findings of the genetic analysis written in a comprehensible language. If desired by the customer the personal genetic report can also be downloaded via the security server as a PDF document or be shipped for a low surcharge in the form of a printed book to the customer.

The unique selling proposition of Genosense is the clear and understandable processing of the genetic results. All reports are written in understandable language and are therefore comprehensible for everybody. Additionally to the results practical tips for a provision are given.

The genetic analysis can be cancelled any time and you have at all times the right to change your decision and have the analysis results destroyed by us. The revoking of the contract is possible for up to 7 days after the income of the probe.

As the quality of the DNA has a massive influence on the duration of the analysis a collection should be performed carefully. We recommend a collection directly after getting up in the morning, before dental hygienes and liquid intake.

Included in the price is the shipment of the probe package and the personalized final report. The end product is the extensive report with the analysis results and the relevant action recommendations and/or provisional program of the laboratory. This report is valid for a lifetime. Please contact our customer support for more information

The sample for the analysis will be taken from the saliva. A cotton swab is used to sweep over the inside of the cheeks to collect cells of the oral mucosa. They contain all genes of a human being. The sample will be brought into the laboratory in Salzburg. There, we will extract the DNA from the saliva, which will be mixed with the appropriate agents, and the necessary gene variations will be analyzed in an automated laboratory process. The analysis technology uses the microfluids process and the fluidigm chemistry. The scientific interpretations of the data will be done by DNA Plus (itself managing director and owner) in Germany, Freilassing. The result will be confirmed by two different scientists and released for the printing of the booklet. The analysis report is sent to a doctor, supervisor or the client depending on the form of the analysis.

The managing director is Dr. of Biotechnology and Bachelor of Micro Biology. The laboratory manager has a master`s in genetics, and all laboratory personnel including the laboratory manager has years of experience in human genetics. The laboratory works according to the compelling requirements of the Austrian gene technology commission, and is licensed and audited by Austria. Furthermore, we work under the voluntary ISO 15189 quality management system and are certified accordingly. Novogenia is the European market leader in its area.

This depends on the analysis. According to the wish, from one to 200 different gene variations are analyzed. These gene variations were scientifically linked to the development of certain diseases or the reaction to certain nutrition. The respective gene variations will be analyzed and personalized recommendations will be issued on the basis of the genetic profile.

The company was founded in 2009 to close a gap in the health system: diseases caused by gene defects will be diagnosed early and prevented. Almost every one of the widespread common diseases has a strong genetical basis, and although the sciences has been aware of this for years lacked in the application of this knowledge. Besides the preventive gene analysis, new programs, like weight reduction and nutrigenetic, the diet according to the genes, developed. Every year, 1 million new scientific publications are published and every year the ones about the genetics doubles compared to the previous year. For this reason, new, better and more precise possibilities are available to read information from one`s own genes and to use them respectively.

In the field of the preventive and lifestyle diagnostic, Genosense is the European market leader. Genosense Diagnostics also belongs to the pioneers in the preventive genetical diagnostic. The preventive and lifestyle panel tests the worldwide biggest amount of medical and lifestyle relevant genetical variations. The number of sample is strongly dependent on the season and varies between 5000 and 8000 samples per month with a double digit yearly growth throughout the last years.

Meaningfulness

No. Your genes remain unchanged from your birth to the end of your life, therefore it makes no sense to test the same gene several times, because you would only get back the same result. This also means that your innate disease risk will remain the same your whole life. However, genes influence your health, and you can significantly reduce your individual risk of illness with preventive measures.

This is a legitimate question, and in some genetic tests we think that it makes no sense to know the risk, if you cannot influence the apparition of the disease by preventive measures. Finding out that you carry such a genetic defect has no benefit for health, and it is merely a psychological burden. That is why our program includes only those genes that, while significantly increasing a potential risk of disease, also allow for preventive measures which may prevent the outbreak or aggravation the disease. Only submit to those tests that make sense from the prevention point of view and can bring real benefits for your health.

It makes no sense to test genetic defects for which the precautionary measures are limited to "Stop smoking and have a healthy diet!", because this advice applies to each and every individual. Therefore, our genetic tests focus on diseases for which preventive measures exceed the general health advices and include measures that are specific to the prevention of particular diseases. A good example is the iron storage disease, wherein, among other things, regular blood donations can prevent the increase of iron concentration in the body, and thus often this fatal disease. This is a simple and effective preventive measure, one only needs to know about his personal risk and the precautionary steps he needs to take.

Some genes are rarely defective and therefore lead to an increased risk of disease only for very few cases. The fructose gene is a good example because it is defective only in one of 20,000 people, leading to fructose intolerance. Offering this genetic test to the masses would not make sense, since so very few people could be helped. Therefore, our genetic tests focus exclusively on genes that are often defective, in order to help as many people as possible. An example is testing for lactose intolerance, which affects every 4th-6th European.

According to the current state of scientific knowledge, it is not yet possible or allowed to interfere with the genes of a human being and to correct defects. Currently, all we can unfortunately do is to identify the genetic defects, and to determine the precautionary measures that mitigate or neutralize the effects of the defect.

No. Every person carries about 2,000 genetic defects that adversely affect their health. To have genetic defects is therefore quite common, and almost every person is genetically predisposed to some diseases. After genetic testing, you will also receive an effective prevention program that helps to prevent the disease. The knowledge of a genetic risk helps you protect yourself against the disease and prevent you from triggering it by ignorance and a wrong lifestyle. Your doctor or the partner with whom you perform the genetic testing will accompany you through the entire process in an advisory capacity.

Our laboratory has more than 3000 different genetic analyses, so the answer is very varied. The most popular programs, the weight reduction and the genetically healthy diet have information like:

• Do you gain weight because of a too high percentage of fat in the foot, or are you resistant to this?
• Do you gain weight because of a too high percentage of carbon hydrate in the foot, or are you resistant to this?
• How effective is sport or a reduction of calories to lose weight?
• How much sport and what kind of sport should you do to lose weight the most effectively?
• Which of more than 900 kinds of food are no problem for the weight and which should be avoided?
• Which nutrition does the body need more and which are especially unhealthy for the body?
• After the consideration of more than 40 ingredients, more than 900 kinds of food will be rated for the personal health potential.
• Which of the normally positive ingredients of food (for example omega 3 fatty acids) are really negative for a person?
• Which micro nutrients should a person take in which doses to counter health risks or to support the own genetical strengths?
• Furthermore, there are 40 genetically personalized main dishes or up to 100 genetically adapted recipes to reduce weight or to just keep it constant.

Again, a short answer on a very varied topic: a study (Robertaille 2003) conducted an interesting experiment: more than 700 people have eaten more fat and calories for a long period of time. No surprise was that some of them gained weight. What was really interesting was that some of them were resistant (did not gain weight). Today we know (through replication studies) why. Genes control how much fat we take out of the food. Does the body have enough, the rest remains in the intestines and so remains unabsorbed. The people who do not gain weight because of more fat in the foot have this genetical protection. The people who gain weight with this have variations in their genes that disturb this function. It is similar with carbon hydrates. We can find out: is fat in the food a cause for overweight? If the answer is no, you can eat more fat but have to reduce the carbon hydrates. Thereby, you eat what does NOT cause overweight and less of the food that is problematic. With the gene analysis, we find out what is more effective: sport or less food? And we do more of that what works better. Thereby, as everyone does what is more effective for him the diet is more effective as well. In our own study, we compared the effectivity of a general nutrition consultation and our program. The result was a 2.4-fold higher rate of weight loss.

Security

Most of the countries do not have laws regulating the genetic testing, and there are hardly any rules regarding the quality standards, completeness and content of genetic counseling and data security in these countries. This lack of control is noticeable, of course, in the quality of genetic testing and the subsequent counseling offered by various providers, strictly depending on their seriousness and common sense. While many foreign genetic testing companies take their quality assurance into their own hands, all Genosense analyses are conducted exclusively in our Novogenia laboratories approved by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Health and certified by several other authorities. This principle is reflected, of course, in the quality, reliability and usefulness of our genetic testing.

Data security is particularly important in the field of genetic analysis, and our highest priority. Therefore, we have numerous security measures integrated into our processes, to ensure the security of your data. For example, your identity and the results of your analysis are stored separately, and they are brought together just before printing the report, under competent supervision.

First, we are a certified human genetics laboratory. We are also audited by the state of Austria and the ISO 15189 auditors. The information is split up on reception. The personal information is stored on one server and the genetic data on another one. If a hacker stole the data on one server, he would get a phone book or a mix up of genetical letters which are useless without a link to the person.
All computers are protected against access, all activities are recorded, and all employees are under a medical duty to secrecy.
Clients who are not satisfied with that have the option to specify that their data will be destroyed after the analysis.

Food list

The illustration is correct, because in this example milk is in principle good for you, as you may need more calcium than any other person. But look on the same line, a warning sign indicates that you should be careful when consuming dairy products because of the way you tolerate them. If you cannot consume dairy products you should look in the list for an alternative product with high calcium concentration and avoid lactose-free dairy products.

It is due to the amount usually eaten.
Let’s take chewing gum and 1 large glass of Coca cola as example. Both may have the same sugar content (10% or so) but the absolute amount of sugar eaten is different:

1 Chewing gum: 3g weight, of which 0.3g is sugar. >> total intake: 0.3g Sugar;
1 Large glass of Coca Cola: 500ml, of which 50g are sugar. >> total intake: 50g Sugar.

It is of course the amounts of bad substances we need to consider, the relative content.
A few drops of chocolate sauce on ice cream compared to half a bar of chocolate simply has different results on the body, even tough the substance content is identical.

Absolutely. In case of overweight risk the proportion of fat, carbs and proteins and the typical portion size are decisive. In case of the smiley system, (healthy/unhealthy) lots of other factors must be considered. Our system considers more than 40 different nutrients of each individual food item and calculates the smileys according to about 20 metabolic risk factors (calculated by the genes). So it’s not only important what nutrients a food item contains but also the amount of each individual nutrient.
Please also note that cooking can destroy vitamins etc. Therefore, you cannot compare for example cooked potatoes and fried ones.

We never included Lebanese food. If we can get all the information, we can integrate it. However, please note that we would need not only the meals, but also all ingredients and amounts of nutrients. If you can help us finding this information, we can try to customize the food list.

Again, you have to consider the proportion of fat, carbs and protein. The system is more complex than “you are sensitive to fat” >>> “avoid all products containing fat”. We are calculating the ideal ratio between fat, carbs and protein and each item is analyzed according to that ideal ratio and the typical portion size.

NutriMe Weight Management

This medical product demonstrably supports your losing weight efforts when you reduce the calories or fat intake, and also helps you maintain your weight if you pay attention to a balanced diet and lifestyle. NutriMe Weight Management is therefore not a free ticket for overindulgence, but increases your success in lifestyle changes with the same effort.

A genetical program for a diet should in any case try first to satisfy all food needs through the nutrition. For this reason, this is addressed first. You get long lists of foods which are based on the genes and show that foods contain mainly healthy or unhealthy ingredients. If you follow this list 100%, the food requirements should be satisfied. In some situations, it is not always possible to follow the lists or you choose sometimes the wrong one on purpose. Also, sometimes the nutrient content of food is not as high as you want because of time and cost optimized planting of crops. That`s why we produce personalized food supplements to satisfy the needs in every case which also contains nutrients the body can use.

Actually, there is a so called “upper tolerable limit” for virtually any commonly taken vitamin and mineral. The European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) releases scientific reviews on the tolerable upper limit at which (even when taken daily over long periods of time) no adverse reactions occur. There are also tolerable upper intake (UL) limits for water soluble vitamins that must be considered.
We are aware of the tolerable upper limits and we stay below (often far below) these limits in the supplement dosages.
Some examples:

But some UL are in fact a lot lower as is the case for magnesium. Here the UL is 350mg, so a product/supplement should never go higher than this. Note, that there are supplements on the market, that contain up to 720mg! So also for water soluble compounds, the tolerable upper level must be considered.

But you are right, this is an important issue to consider, as some supplements go up to 500µg per day.
Therefore, by staying well below the limit where it becomes unhealthy for the individual to take it on a daily lifelong basis, we ensure adequate supply (especially when the need is higher) and prevent overdosing of the substance.
In case you want to dive deeper into the UL Aspect, here is the review about Vitamin E by the EFSA:

Correct. The upper limit of daily intake is 50µg. The normal intake recommended is (depending on who you ask) between 5 and 20µg. The NHS actually recommends 10µg. The problem is, that Vitamin D3 has been shown to be preventive in some situations at 25µg, which is 2.5 times higher than the NHS’s recommendation for everyone and still only half of what is considered to be the upper safe limit to take daily. As a consequence, we dose Vitamin D3 from normal amounts (5-10µg for normal people) to the amounts proven to be effective in scientific studies (25µg for those genetic profiles that need higher amounts). We are hence in the effective range without coming close to the intake levels that could be considered a health risk with long term intake.

An intake above 6000µg on a long term basis is a health risk. Our maximum dose goes to 2500µg, which is less than half of what would be considered a health risk.
Vitamin A: UL = 6000µg –––– maximum dose = 2500µg

The misconception is, that if everyone gets the normal recommended amount of vitamins, that they are perfectly supplied with this vitamin. From genetics we learn, that people’s needs are highly variable. Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant, that protects especially cell walls from free radicals. These consist of fatty layers, making a fat soluble vitamin a good protective agent.
Most people have good protection against free radicals because their genes recognize and neutralize them. Important genes for this are SOD2, GPX1, GSTT1, GSTP1, GSTM1 and NQO1. If these work well, the body is protected and normal amounts of antioxidants suffice. This is what medicine and nutrition currently considers the average and normal state and so all recommendations are made with the assumption that these genes work correctly in everyone. The reality is, that many people have genetic errors in these genes, which reduces their protection. Their genetics and normal amounts of vitamins are not sufficient to award sufficient protection. In these cases we go higher in the daily amounts to counteract the missing genetic protection.
Some examples:

1) 20% of the population have a genetic variation in the LCT gene associated with lactose intolerance. This leads them to ingest 280 mg less calcium per day. We counteract this by giving 280 mg more, so that their intake is the same as that of other people without this genetic variation.

2) People with normal amounts of selenium and functioning GPX1 genes are protected from certain free radicals. GPX1 is a so called „selenoprotein“ and needs selenium to be built. If a person has a certain genetic variation/error in the GPX1 gene, the function is reduced. Normal amounts of selenium would then lead to lower GPX1 activity and free radical protection. Also, the selenium loss form the body is higher in these individuals. Science has shown, that increasing the selenium amount in carriers one GPX1- gene variation carriers can restore the GPX1 function loss and counteract the increased selenium loss. So this is what we do. In the end 2 different people with 2 different genetic profiles are given 2 different amounts of selenium to then have the same GPX1 activity and protection from free radicals.

So wisdom before we learned about genetics was that if everyone gets the RDA amount of each vitamin and mineral, we are optimally supplied with nutrients. The reality is that for some people this is sufficient and for some people this represents a metabolic deficiency.

We advice the supplement as an add-on to a nutritional change not as a replacement. The program comes with a list of food types that should be increased (lots of beneficial vitamins and minerals) or should be avoided (fewer nutrients and more negative substances). The supplements come as an add on to ensure you definitely get the required amount even when you don’t follow the diet correctly or if the nutrient content in the food is too low.
As such we attempt to change everything about nutrition. A blood test gives you a good overview of the status quo. But are there any deficiencies that need to be tackled? The “Problem” is that knowing the status quo would not influence the recommendations, as these deficiencies would be solved by the new nutrition and if not by that, by the supplements. As a consequence doing a blood test before, might be interesting, but not very medically relevant. What can be done is a blood test 1-2 months later. We have the ability to then change the recipe based on the results to better fine tune what actually arrives in the bloodstream. The problem is, that vitamin measurements in blood are quite expensive. Doing the whole panel costs in the range of €320. We do a lot of these experiments (blood tests correlated with supplements) in our lab, but the take home message is, that most if not all people react to the supplements in the intended way.

Allergy Sensor

What we can offer you is to order the Allergy Sensor and a DNC analysis together; in this case we are waiting for the results of Allergy sensor and integrate them into your genetic analysis. The completion of the report may be somewhat delayed in this situation. But if this is what you want, you have to explicitly specify it when placing the order.

Foodprint

The Food Print results cannot be integrated in the DNC package, as they are referring to food to which someone may currently react badly. This can be neutralized by a short-term rigorous diet. Therefore, integration would not make sense here.

Baby

In many countries a metabolic screening, where approximately 5 to 22 illnesses are detected, is confused with a DNA-test. In a DNA-test illnesses that affect babies are detected: phenylketonuria for example, which affects every 1 in 5000 babies and which can only be treated with an adjusted NUTRITION!! to prevent disabilities. The US, where 45 illnesses are being looked for, is in this aspect better developed. So there are more diseases that should be tested for. We have with 111 of such newborn diseases the worldwide most extensive screening of its kind.

Nutrition Sensor

Also too much protein can lead to obesity, one should therefore regulate the amount of protein. There are plenty of cases where wanna-be bodybuilders drink six times a day a protein shake, but don't train and therefore gain weight. One can only successfully lose weight when the amount of macronutrients is balanced. When you deviate from it we cannot say what effects occur, as this was not tested.

Any change in diet and removal of certain food groups needs to be managed carefully to ensure the correct intake of nutrients for good health. We usually recommend that the client consults a qualified nutritional therapist who can support with further dietary and supplement advice when dealing with IgG results. It is also recommended to vary the foods in the diet as much as possible. By eating a variety of foods, increases the range of important vitamins and minerals in the diet and decreases the risk of intolerance to any single food.

It is due to the amount usually eaten.
Let’s take chewing gum and 1 large glass of Coca cola as example. Both may have the same sugar content (10% or so) but the absolute amount of sugar eaten is different:

1 Chewing gum: 3g weight, of which 0.3g is sugar. >> total intake: 0.3g Sugar;
1 Large glass of Coca Cola: 500ml, of which 50g are sugar. >> total intake: 50g Sugar.

It is of course the amounts of bad substances we need to consider, the relative content.
A few drops of chocolate sauce on ice cream compared to half a bar of chocolate simply has different results on the body, even tough the substance content is identical.

DNA Package

The personal strenghts and weaknesses. One finds out:
1) Does foods with lots of fat lead to obesity in my case?
2) Do carbohydrates rather lead to obesity?
3) What ratio of fats, carbohydrates and protein is the best nutrition for me to lose weight?
4) Is a calorie reduction (eat less) effective to lose weight?
5)How effective is sport to lose weight?
6) What should I focus my program on to be effective: eat less or do more sport?
7) What kind of sport is recommeded to keep my muscle mass?
8) How can I change my diet easily to use my genetic potential in the best possible way?
9) What foods (from a selection of more than 1100) can I eat without problems and which should I reduce to lose or keep weight?
10) How can I lose with my program 2.2 times more weight compared to a normal nutrition consultation?

Weight Sensor

Currently there are over 100 genes that seem to be connected to obesity. These genes are in the blood sugar mechanism, in the mechanism of fat storage and similar and can lead to severe obesity in very rare cases of genetic defects. Critics that are professionals in the obesity genetics talk about more than 100 genes. Most of these genes can trigger a strong/pathological disposition for obesity. If one would only test those 100 genes (and here there are probably a few more, not yet discovered genes, that also play a role), one could make a relative precise statement on the genetic disposition for obesity. But that's it. One can state: You have a strong genetic disposition for obesity. More information or use of such an analysis is not possible. Most critics unfortunately don't understand that we are not interested in our disposition for obesity (often the mirror can tell us that), but how our body reacts on environmental influences. Currently, there are eight relevant genetic variations that play a role.

"Depending on genetics, the calorie reduction is set higher (then there is less physical activity) or lower (then there is more physical activity). If the calorie reduction is 400 kcal, for example, and the basal metabolic rate without physical activity is 1500 kcal, the following is the calculation:
1) You take the basal metabolic rate at the target weight, which is often lower than the current basal metabolic rate. For example: 1300 kcal, and then you add the physical activity to maintain the weight to that, for example 100 kcal = 1400 kcal.
2) You then divide this number into 20 items to determine the amount of calories per article. In this case, that would be: 1400 kcal/20 = 70 kcal.
3) Then you take the current basal metabolic rate and subtract the calorie reduction: 1500-400 = 1100 kcal.
4) Then you calculate how many items that would correspond to: 1100/70 = 15.7 items = 16 items to lose weight.
5) So this means: 16 items to lose weight, 20 to maintain the weight, and the two adaptation weeks will be values in between 16 an 20.
"

Neither more nor less. It is a combination of genes and environment that makes the influence. An easy example: lactose intolerance, a genetical disease. Because of a gene defect, lactose/milk cannot be processed. The gene defect itself does not cause any symptoms as long as the environment does not provide any milk. Otherwise, milk alone does not cause any problems as long as there is no gene defect. You cannot tell which one is more important: the gene defect or the environment. It is the (wrong) combination of both. And exactly this is the chance. We know how the genes look like and can form the environment accordingly to neutralize the problem of the genes (don`t drink lactose).

Although the program is based on more than 200 independent studies of various universities, we have conducted our own study about the effectivity. The study is not yet published. That is why we cannot name the sources. We already mentioned that the result was a 2.4-fold higher rate of weight loss than in a standard nutrition consultation according to the German agency for nutrition.

The so-called calorie balance is based on this. The concept always was: if 2000 kcal pass the lips and only 1500 are burnt you gain 500 kcal. From genetics, we only know that it is more complex. Maybe these 500 extra calories are fat and the body does not absorb them in the first place because of the genetical regulation. This we saw clearly in the study about the fat susceptibility. Also, a calorie deficit because of sport is not the same in all people. From genetics, we know (and fitness center owner confirm this with regularity) that when two friends go to the fitness center together to lose weight, and they do the same sport activities, the success can vary up to a factor of three. For every kilo one person loses the other one loses up to 3 kg. On the paper calculated, one might assume, that both created the same calorie deficit as they used up the same number of calories on the machines. The same it is with less food. Some people stay energized and use the energy effectively from the battery. Others change from food processing to a save mode and lower the base turnover and thereby the number of calories they use up through the day. Because of the save mode, effectivity of the weight loss is reduced.

From the bars, there are 6561 different possible results, therefore practically every person has his/her own unique result. In addition, the numbers in the booklet are adjusted to body weight and metabolic rate, so there are indeed infinitely more different booklet variations.

Looking only at the nutrition distribution, we arrive at eight different types:

However, the diet is then also heavily influenced by the metabolic rate as well as the relation between weight loss due to reduced calories and weight loss due to sports. Therefore, practically everybody eats differently, even if several people have a distribution of macro-nutrients of, for example, 49%/ 31%/ 20%.

Performance Sensor

"Those who exercise more than others will achieve better athletic performance. Only when both exercise efficiently, the genetic strengths and weaknesses will start to show.
For example, a sprinter can be 5 times more likely to get to the World Cup, if he has the ""sprint gene"", than another athlete with the wrong genes. Similarly, there are genetic differences when it comes to risk of injury, oxidative stress, optimal calorie distribution, micronutrient needs and body weight, which can cause significant differences in athletic performance. Knowing the strengths and weaknesses of the body, these can be exploited to achieve better performance."

"It's a once-in-a-lifetime gene analysis, which you will not have to repeat. Compared to blood tests that provide a snapshot, a genetic analysis provides a result that is valid for life. So If one assumes an additional 15 years of sporting career to which the analysis brings an added value, the analysis only costs € 3 per month for the rest of the career."

"Here, your extra physical activity will accelerate the weight loss success, if you diet in accordance with the program. Unfortunately, exercising with a calorie deficit cannot be avoided, because that is the only way to achieve weight loss. If you want to adjust the program slightly due to the extra exercise, you can do so: Assess the additional energy consumption BEYOND the weekly amount of calories you want to burn through sport. You can use the list of physical activities.

Example:
According to genetic testing, you should burn 200 kcal per day. That is 7 x 200 = 1400 kcal per week.

In a week you go jogging for a total of 9h at 488 kcal per hour. Per week, this amounts to the following energy consumption: 488 x 9 = 4392 kcal per week. Figure out how much extra energy you consume based on this: 4392 - 1400 = 2992 kcal burned extra per week. How many kcal is that per day? 2992 / 7 = 427 kcal burned extra per day.

Article system:

Check how many calories one article constitute for you. Let´s suppose one item is 100 calories. if you round the amount of 4,27, you can eat 4 items more.

Menuportal:

Increase your metabolic rate about 427 kcal and plan your exercise program in the portal. The numbers will be adjusted."

Recipe Book

The recipe book can also be seen as an alternative diet plan and cannot be combined with the items. Please use either the recipe book OR the portal OR the item system. Mixing is not possible, as everything is based on a different computing system.

You should either use the booklet OR the portal. Both work on their own, but they are based on different principles. Thus, the comparison of the two systems is not practical or possible. The reason why it is changing from an arbitrary number to a particular weight in grams is that it is simply how the program works. If you add too many other calories, at some point it will no longer allow an arbitrary number.

RDA is what the European Union thinks that a human being needs.. and indeed every human being. The column ""your requirements"" covers the actual need of a person, according to genetics, as described. This was only to show that everyone differs from the general recommendations. We will consider how we can explain this more clearly.

There are, of course, but studies have shown that drinking 2-5 cups of coffee reduces the risk of Alzheimer's by 60%. No antioxidant has managed this on its own so far. So it is a very important factor for preventing Alzheimer's.

When reading this table, please note that in between the red and green bars, the value is 0...then it makes sense.

Q10 is hence only slightly increased above the value 0 and therefore at 27 mg. Incidentally, this is because you can only slowly convert Q10 to antioxidants due to your NQO1 genes. Other antioxidants are therefore increased in order to compensate.

For magnesium, the safe upper limit is 375 mg. Beyond that, it becomes poisonous. That is why we do not have so much upward leeway. Again, see the center of the red/green bar as a 0 and the maximum as 375 mg, then the figure makes sense.

Diazepam is broken down into active metabolites.. so it is activated by breakdown. Faster breakdown means faster activation and stronger effect. That is why it has a likely higher effect. This is a so called pro-drug. Whenever breakdown is not as expected, we warn against a higher likelihood of adverse reactions.

Normal drugs act on the body, then are metabolized by the enzyme and lose their function before ebing removed from the body. Prodrugs are the opposite… they have no function when they reach the body and then they are metabolized by the enzyme and become active…. Then they are removed from the body. So if the enzyme does not work.. you get no effect from the drug.

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