Constitutional FAQ Answer #73

Q73. "Where are the requirements for the right to
vote spelled out? Specifically if you were dishonorable discharged from the
military, are you ineligible to vote for president?"

A. It depends on your state — a state cannot deny the vote solely on
your gender or race, etc., but it could have other requirements, one of which
could be denial for dishonorably discharged veterans. I doubt it, though. More
likely would be convicted felons currently in prison, and the like.

I did find an interesting tidbit: literacy tests are legal, as long as every
voter has to take one. Logistically, it would not be possible, but it is legal
(42 USC Sec 1971.a.2.C).