Associations

Radiographic features

Antenatal ultrasound

May show many of the above features. Some sonographic features may be detected as early as 16-18 weeks 8.

Treatment and prognosis

The prognosis is very poor with ~30% of cases being stillborn, and another ~40% not surviving past the first few weeks and with the remainder not surviving beyond a few months. There may be a recurrence rate of ~10-15% for future pregnancies.