America's Most Smartest Model was an Americanreality television show that aired on VH1. The hosts were Ben Stein and Mary Alice Stephenson. The show attempted to find brains behind beauty in a series of challenges, and would grant the winner $100,000, a feature in an upcoming VO5 ad, and the title of America's Most Smartest Model.

Sixteen budding models must convince academic Renaissance man Ben Stein and fashion industry guru Mary Alice Stephenson that they possess brains as well as beauty. But not everyone can spell success or walk and talk their way down a runway! Who will make the callback, and who will be sent packing?

The models must compete in a smarts-draining game show, where the prizes are clothes and props for a high-fashion photo shoot. The losers have to face the camera completely naked. Later, cultures clash and passions ignite as the models are forced to work in teams of two, and one is shown the door.

Bill Nye the Science Guy helps the ten remaining models present a science fair. Can they succeed in electrifying the judges or will it blow up in their faces? Nerds may be smart, but can the models turn their pale, hairy teammates into tanned gods for the camera?

A field trip to a high school science classroom puts the body-conscious models' knowledge of anatomy to the test...literally. And when one model's underhanded tactics during a commercial shoot inflame everyone's tempers, someone gets left out in the cold.

A birthday bash becomes a disaster as the seven models discover they must network with LA's top fashion agents and fashionistas—after they've had one too many! One model has a melt down, but can the others keep their cool?

One model must go it alone as they pair up to build and race go-karts. Another model makes a secret phone call to give himself an edge on the next challenge: spokesmodeling the Jaguar XKR. Will the others call him out on cheating? Who will the judges send home, and who will they send to the finale to become America's Most Smartest Model.

It's the final showdown and only 3 models are left. The group travels to sunny Palm Springs to compete in a supersized modeling challenge. Only two survive this best of the best challenge and move on to the finals. The remaining competitors are bitter rivals and they will stop at nothing in their battle to become America's Most Smartest Model.

The two remaining competitors are bitter rivals who will stop at nothing in their battle to win it all. When it's all said and done, one of them will take home the grand prize of $100,000 and be crowned America's Most Smartest Model.

In October 2007, Andre Birleanu was charged with sexual misconduct and aggravated harassment due to accusations from a 19-year-old actress, charges which he denied. Almost a year later, after many court appearances, the DA's Office in the Criminal Court of Manhattan dropped all charges on both cases.[4] Birleanu had maintained his innocence the entire time and had said he wanted to take both cases to trial to prove his innocence and counter prosecute for false charges.[5]

1.
Ben Stein
–
Benjamin Jeremy Stein is an American writer, lawyer, actor, and commentator on political and economic issues. He attained early success as a speechwriter for American presidents Richard Nixon, later, he entered the entertainment field and became an actor, comedian, and Emmy Award-winning game show host. He is most well-known on screen as the teacher in Ferris Buellers Day Off. Stein has frequently written commentaries on economic, political, and social issues and he is the son of economist and writer Herbert Stein, who worked at the White House under President Nixon. His sister, Rachel, is also a writer, while as a character actor he is well known for his droning, monotonous delivery, in real life he is a public speaker on a wide range of economic and social issues. Stein was born in Washington, D. C. the son of Mildred, a homemaker, and Herbert Stein, a writer, economist and he is Jewish and grew up in the Woodside Forest neighborhood of Silver Spring, Maryland. Stein graduated from Montgomery Blair High School in 1962 along with classmate journalist Carl Bernstein, actor Sylvester Stallone was a schoolmate at Montgomery Hills Junior High School. He went on to major in economics at Columbia Universitys Columbia College, where he was a member of Alpha Delta Phi, after graduating with honors from Columbia in 1966, Stein went to Yale Law School, graduating in June 1970. He says that he did not have the highest grades in his class at Yale by a long shot and he was first a poverty lawyer in New Haven, Connecticut, and Washington, D. C. before becoming a trial lawyer for the Federal Trade Commission. Steins first teaching stint was as a professor, teaching about the political and social content of mass culture at American University in Washington. He subsequently taught classes at University of California, Santa Cruz on political, at Pepperdine University in Malibu, CA, Stein taught libel law and United States securities law and its ethical aspects. He was a professor of law at Pepperdine University Law School, Stein was the commencement speaker for the Liberty University 2009 graduation on Saturday, May 9, at Williams Stadium. At this ceremony, the University awarded him an honorary degree, according to the school, Stein delivered a message about creationism, patriotism, and value for humanity to graduates and their families. Stein writes frequently on a variety of topics, including politics, investing and he writes a regular column in the conservative magazines The American Spectator and Newsmax. He wrote a regular column for Yahoo. Finance online, with his last article dated August 7,2009 and his bestselling books include Yes, You Can Retire Comfortably, Can America Survive. and Yes, You Can Time the Market. In 2009, he published a collection of essays, The Real Stars, Stein was fired from his position as a Sunday Business columnist at The New York Times in August 2009, due to a policy prohibiting writers from performing product endorsements or advertising. However, the felt that it would be inappropriate for him to write for them while he was involved in advertising

2.
51 Minds Entertainment
–
51 Minds Entertainment is a production company specializing in reality TV, known for their celebreality programs on VH1. It was created in 2004 as a merger between Cris Abregos 51 Pictures and Mark Cronins Mindless Entertainment, in 2005, the company signed a two-year, seven series production deal with VH1. The company has been credited in helping revive VH1 ratings during this time, in 2008, 51% in the company was purchased by Endemol. In 2010, the company branched out in internet distributed programming, producing The Tester for the PlayStation Network

3.
VH1
–
VH1 is an American cable television network based in New York City that is owned by the Viacom Global Entertainment Group, a unit of Viacom Media Networks. The channel was first launched on January 1,1985 in the old space of Turner Broadcasting Systems short-lived Cable Music Channel and it was originally created by Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment, at the time a division of Warner Communications and the original owner of MTV. As of February 2015, approximately 92.6 million US households receive VH1, also frequently featured in the networks early years were videos for Motown and other 60s oldies consisting of newsreel and concert footage. It was introduced on January 1,1985 with the performance of The Star-Spangled Banner by Marvin Gaye. From the start, Video Hits One was branded as a version of its sister/parent channel. It played more jazz and R&B artists than MTV and had a rotation of urban-contemporary performers. Its early on-camera personalities were New York radio veterans Don Imus, Frankie Crocker, Scott Shannon, Jon Bauman, Bobby Rivers, later VJs included Tim Byrd of WPIX-FM, a station whose eclectic ballad-and-R&B oriented format mirrored that of VH-1, and Alison Steele. Rosie ODonnell later joined the outlets veejay lineup, ODonnell would also host a comedy show featuring various comedians each episode. The format left room for occasional ad-libs by the VJ, a godsend for emcees such as Imus, in true Imus style, he used a 1985 segment of his VH-1 show to jokingly call smooth-jazz icon Sade Adu a grape for her oval-shaped head. At first many different musicians guest-hosted the program, but eventually musician/songwriter Ben Sidran became the permanent host, new-Age music videos continued to play on the channel into the 1990s. They would be seen on the Sunday morning 2-hour music video block titled Sunday Brunch, once VH1 established itself a few years later, they catered to Top 40, adult contemporary, classic rock, and 1980s mainstream pop. For a time, even music videos aired in a one-hour block during the afternoons. They started out using MTVs famous Kabel typeface font for their music video credit tags and it was later replaced in 1991 by a larger font, with the year the video was made added to the lower column that identified the label on which the album was released. In 1993, the name of the director was included at the bottom of the credits. Every week, the Top 21 Video Countdown usually had a different guest host, occasionally, they had themed countdowns as well, such as Elvira hosting scary videos for Halloween in 1991. Long blocks of videos by a particular artist or band, theme. One popular weekend program was called Video Rewind, in blocks of 1980s videos from one particular year would play for an hour. There was also a short-lived hour-long program called By Request in which viewers could call a 1–900 hotline number to request their videos, also in 1991, a popular morning program was introduced called Hits News & Weather that ran from 7 AM to 9 AM ET

4.
United States
–
Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci

5.
Reality television
–
It differs from documentary television in that the focus tends to be on drama, personal conflict, and entertainment rather than educating viewers. The genre has various standard tropes, including confessionals used by cast members to express their thoughts, an early example of the genre was the 1991 Dutch series Nummer 28, which was the first show to bring together strangers and record their interactions. It then exploded as a phenomenon in the late 1990s and early 2000s with the success of the series Survivor, Idols. These shows and a number of others became global franchises, spawning local versions in dozens of countries, Reality television as a whole has become a fixture of television programming. There are grey areas around what is classified as reality television, Reality television has faced significant criticism since its rise in popularity. Much of the criticism has centered on the use of the word reality, Television formats portraying ordinary people in unscripted situations are almost as old as the television medium itself. Precedents for television that portrayed people in unscripted situations began in the late 1940s, queen for a Day was an early example of reality-based television. The 1946 television game show Cash and Carry sometimes featured contestants performing stunts, debuting in 1948, Allen Funts hidden camera show Candid Camera broadcast unsuspecting ordinary people reacting to pranks. In 1948, talent search shows Ted Macks Original Amateur Hour and Arthur Godfreys Talent Scouts featured amateur competitors, in the 1950s, game shows Beat the Clock and Truth or Consequences involved contestants in wacky competitions, stunts, and practical jokes. Confession was a show which aired from June 1958 to January 1959. The radio series Nightwatch tape-recorded the daily activities of Culver City, the series You Asked for It incorporated audience involvement by basing episodes around requests sent in by postcard from viewers. First broadcast in the United Kingdom in 1964, the Granada Television documentary Seven Up, broadcast interviews with a dozen ordinary 7-year-olds from a broad cross-section of society and inquired about their reactions to everyday life. Every seven years, a film documented the life of the same individuals during the period, titled the Up Series, episodes include 7 Plus Seven,21 Up. The program was structured as a series of interviews with no element of plot, however, it did have the then-new effect of turning ordinary people into celebrities. The first reality show in the modern sense may have been the series The American Sportsman, Another precursor may be considered Mutual of Omahas Wild Kingdom which aired from 1963 through 1988. This show featured zoologist Marlin Perkins traveling across the globe and illustrating the variety of animal life on the planet. Though mostly a travelogue, it was popular in syndication and new episodes were produced through the eighties. The 12-part 1973 PBS series An American Family showed a nuclear family going through a divorce, unlike many later reality shows, it was more or less documentary in purpose and style

6.
Alberto-Culver
–
It is a manufacturer in the multicultural beauty care market with such brands as Soft & Beautiful, Just For Me, Motions, and TCB. The company originated as a Los Angeles beauty supply house with some proprietary products founded by Blaine Culver, the house chemist was named Alberto hence the name Alberto-Culver. Alberto-Culver was purchased and reorganized in 1955 by Leonard H. Lavin who was an entrepreneur, the newly created company was then moved to Chicago and a hundred other products were dropped and the company focused on Alberto VO5 shampoo and hairdressing. In 1958, Alberto VO5 Hairdressing became the number one brand in its category, Lavin and his wife Bernice guided the companys growth until 1994 when they turned it over to a second family generation. Lavin remains a director of todays Alberto-Culver and his daughter Carol Lavin Bernick is the executive chairman. In 2006, the sought to sell its salon distribution business. It later terminated the agreement and on November 10,2006, the companys 2007 sales were reported at US$1.54 billion. Procter & Gamble will continue to operate its existing Noxzema shave care, antiperspirant/deodorant, body wash, Alberto-Culver was purchased by the Anglo-Dutch consumer goods company Unilever on September 27,2010 for US$3.7 billion. The terms of the acquisition required Unilever to then sell select hair care brands, the U. S. food business was bought by B&G Foods, and the U. S. rights to VO5, Rave, and Coast were sold to High Ridge Brands. With the reduction in American brands, Unilever closed the former Alberto Culver plant in 2013, other areas of support included education and women in the workplace. It was also known for not testing its products on animals, the labeling has since been remove

7.
Grass Valley, California
–
The city of Grass Valley is the largest city in the western region of Nevada County, California, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, its population was 12,860, Grass Valley, which was originally known as Boston Ravine and later officially named Centerville, dates from the California Gold Rush, as does nearby Nevada City. When a post office was established in 1851, it was renamed Grass Valley the following year for unknown reasons, Grass Valley is the location of the Empire Mine and North Star Mine, two of the richest mines in California. George Starr, manager of the Empire Mine, and William Bowers Bourn II, many of those who came to settle in Grass Valley were tin miners from Cornwall, England. They were attracted to the California gold fields because the skills needed for deep tin mining were needed for hardrock gold mining. Many of them specialized in pumping the water out of deep mining shafts. This followed the fall in tin prices as large alluvial deposits began to be exploited elsewhere. Grass Valley still holds on to its Cornish heritage, with such as its annual Cornish Christmas. Pasties are a favorite dish with a few restaurants in town specializing in recipes handed down from the original immigrant generation. Grass Valley is also twinned with the Cornish town of Bodmin, there was formerly a Roman Catholic diocese of Grass Valley. Grass Valley is located at 39°13′9″N 121°3′30″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.7 square miles, all of it land. A variety of igneous and metamorphic rock supports Grass Valley, granitic rock such as quartz diorite underlies the downtown core and extends south along Highway 49. Metavolcanic rock and diabase underlie areas around the granitic zone, neighborhoods around Nevada County Golf Course and Sierra Nevada Memorial Hospital are underlain by ultramafic rock which supports infertile soils of the Dubakella series. Straight, dense ponderosa pine inhabitants the more fertile soils which include Musick series on granitic rock, Grass Valley has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate with warm to hot, dry summers and wet, cool, rainy winters. Summer is very dry, but thunderstorms may occur, the winter rains contribute to a heavy fuel-loading of brush and grass, which dry out during the summer, posing a wildfire hazard. Over the course of a year,34.7 days of 90 °F or hotter and 1.2 days of 100 °F or hotter occur, the 2010 United States Census reported that Grass Valley had a population of 12,860. The population density was 2,711.3 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Grass Valley was 11,493 White,208 Native American,188 Asian,46 African American,9 Pacific Islander,419 from other races, hispanics or Latinos of any race were 1,341 persons

8.
New York City
–
The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange

9.
Republic of Macedonia
–
Macedonia, officially the Republic of Macedonia, is a country in the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the states of the former Yugoslavia. A landlocked country, the Republic of Macedonia has borders with Kosovo to the northwest, Serbia to the north, Bulgaria to the east, Greece to the south, the countrys geography is defined primarily by mountains, valleys, and rivers. The capital and largest city, Skopje, is home to roughly a quarter of the nations 2.06 million inhabitants, the majority of the residents are ethnic Macedonians, a South Slavic people. Albanians form a significant minority at around 25 percent, followed by Turks, Romani, Serbs, Macedonias history dates back to antiquity, beginning with the kingdom of Paeonia, a Thracian polity. In the late sixth century BCE the area was incorporated into the Persian Achaemenid Empire, the Romans conquered the region in the second century BCE and made it part of the much larger province of Macedonia. Macedonia remained part of the Byzantine Empire, and was raided and settled by Slavic peoples beginning in the sixth century CE. Following centuries of contention between the Bulgarian and Byzantine empires, it came under Ottoman dominion from the 14th century. Between the late 19th and early 20th century, a distinct Macedonian identity emerged, although following the Balkan Wars of 1912 and 1913, Macedonia remained a constituent socialist republic within Yugoslavia until its peaceful secession in 1991. Macedonia is a member of the UN and of the Council of Europe, since 2005 it has also been a candidate for joining the European Union and has applied for NATO membership. Although one of the poorest countries in Europe, Macedonia has made significant progress in developing an open, the countrys name derives from the Greek Μακεδονία, a kingdom named after the ancient Macedonians. The name is believed to have meant either highlanders or the tall ones. However, Robert S. P. Beekes supports that both terms are of Pre-Greek substrate origin and cannot be explained in terms of Indo-European morphology, the Republic of Macedonia roughly corresponds to the ancient kingdom of Paeonia, which was located immediately north of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia. In the late 6th century BC, the Achaemenid Persians under Darius the Great conquered the Paeonians, following the loss in the Second Persian invasion of Greece in 479 BC, the Persians eventually withdrew from their European territories, including from what is today the Republic of Macedonia. In 356 BC Philip II of Macedon absorbed the regions of Upper Macedonia, the Romans established the Province of Macedonia in 146 BC. Roman expansion brought the Scupi area under Roman rule in the time of Domitian, and it fell within the Province of Moesia. Whilst Greek remained the dominant language in the part of the Roman empire. Slavic peoples settled in the Balkan region including Macedonia by the late 6th century AD, during the 580s, Byzantine literature attests to the Slavs raiding Byzantine territories in the region of Macedonia, later aided by Bulgars. Historical records document that in c.680 a group of Bulgars, Slavs and Byzantines led by a Bulgar called Kuber settled in the region of the Keramisian plain, presians reign apparently coincides with the extension of Bulgarian control over the Slavic tribes in and around Macedonia

10.
Houston
–
Houston is the most populous city in the state of Texas and the fourth-most populous city in the United States. With a census-estimated 2014 population of 2.239 million within an area of 667 square miles, it also is the largest city in the southern United States and the seat of Harris County. Located in Southeast Texas near the Gulf of Mexico, it is the city of Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land. Houston was founded on August 28,1836, near the banks of Buffalo Bayou and incorporated as a city on June 5,1837. The city was named after former General Sam Houston, who was president of the Republic of Texas and had commanded, the burgeoning port and railroad industry, combined with oil discovery in 1901, has induced continual surges in the citys population. Houstons economy has an industrial base in energy, manufacturing, aeronautics. Leading in health care sectors and building equipment, Houston has more Fortune 500 headquarters within its city limits than any city except for New York City. The Port of Houston ranks first in the United States in international waterborne tonnage handled, the city has a population from various ethnic and religious backgrounds and a large and growing international community. Houston is the most diverse city in Texas and has described as the most diverse in the United States. It is home to cultural institutions and exhibits, which attract more than 7 million visitors a year to the Museum District. Houston has a visual and performing arts scene in the Theater District. In August 1836, two real estate entrepreneurs from New York, Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen, purchased 6,642 acres of land along Buffalo Bayou with the intent of founding a city. The Allen brothers decided to name the city after Sam Houston, the general at the Battle of San Jacinto. The great majority of slaves in Texas came with their owners from the slave states. Sizable numbers, however, came through the slave trade. New Orleans was the center of trade in the Deep South. Thousands of enslaved African Americans lived near the city before the Civil War, many of them near the city worked on sugar and cotton plantations, while most of those in the city limits had domestic and artisan jobs. Houston was granted incorporation on June 5,1837, with James S. Holman becoming its first mayor, in the same year, Houston became the county seat of Harrisburg County and the temporary capital of the Republic of Texas

11.
Corona del Mar, Newport Beach
–
Corona del Mar or CdM is a neighborhood in the affluent city of Newport Beach, California. It generally consists of all land on the face of the San Joaquin Hills south of Avocado Avenue to the city limits, as well as the development of Irvine Terrace. Corona del Mar is known for its beaches, tidepools, cliffside views. Beaches in the area include Corona del Mar State Beach as well as Crystal Cove State Park south of Corona del Mar, newer developments in Harbor View Hills consist of California ranch style houses, many with expansive ocean views. Corona del Mar has no locally administered municipal government, but receives all municipal services from the City of Newport Beach. It is unusual in that although it is a part of the city of Newport Beach. Corona del Mar also has its own Chamber of Commerce, as of the census of 2000, for Corona del Mar there were 13,407 people,6,885 households, and 3,957 families residing in the city. The racial makeup of the city was 88. 9% White,0. 3% African American,0. 2% Native American,5. 1% Asian,0. 3% Pacific Islander,0. 7% from other races, and 1. 1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5. 9% of the population,34. 6% of all households were made up of individuals and 11. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.05 and the family size was 2.63. In the city the population was out with 15. 6% under the age of 18,3. 2% from 18 to 24,31. 4% from 25 to 44,23. 7% from 45 to 64. The median age was 35 years, for every 100 females there were 94.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.7 males, the median income for a household in the city was $120,080, and the median income for a family was $150,323. Males had an income of $99,000 versus $52,355 for females. The per capita income for the city was $96,704, the Lost Dogs paid tribute to Corona del Mar on their 2006 album, The Lost Cabin and the Mystery Trees, with the song Only One Bum In Corona del Mar. It is the set for the scene for Gilligans Island when the S. S. Minnow is leaving the Harbor. A number of Members of a Call Of Duty Pro E-Sports Team, FaZe Clan, live in Corona Del Mar, in a mansion and they moved into the mansion in late December 2016, with the home costing more than $10,000,000. These team members relocated from their home, located in New York

12.
Argentina
–
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a federal republic in the southern half of South America. With a mainland area of 2,780,400 km2, Argentina is the eighth-largest country in the world, the second largest in Latin America, and the largest Spanish-speaking one. The country is subdivided into provinces and one autonomous city, Buenos Aires. The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions, but exist under a federal system, Argentina claims sovereignty over part of Antarctica, the Falkland Islands, and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. The earliest recorded presence in the area of modern-day Argentina dates back to the Paleolithic period. The country has its roots in Spanish colonization of the region during the 16th century, Argentina rose as the successor state of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, a Spanish overseas viceroyalty founded in 1776. The country thereafter enjoyed relative peace and stability, with waves of European immigration radically reshaping its cultural. The almost-unparalleled increase in prosperity led to Argentina becoming the seventh wealthiest developed nation in the world by the early 20th century, Argentina retains its historic status as a middle power in international affairs, and is a prominent regional power in the Southern Cone and Latin America. Argentina has the second largest economy in South America, the third-largest in Latin America and is a member of the G-15 and it is the country with the second highest Human Development Index in Latin America with a rating of very high. Because of its stability, market size and growing high-tech sector, the description of the country by the word Argentina has to be found on a Venice map in 1536. In English the name Argentina probably comes from the Spanish language, however the naming itself is not Spanish, Argentina means in Italian of silver, silver coloured, probably borrowed from the Old French adjective argentine of silver > silver coloured already mentioned in the 12th century. The French word argentine is the form of argentin and derives of argent silver with the suffix -in. The Italian naming Argentina for the country implies Argentina Terra land of silver or Argentina costa coast of silver, in Italian, the adjective or the proper noun is often used in an autonomous way as a substantive and replaces it and it is said lArgentina. The name Argentina was probably first given by the Venitian and Genoese navigators, in Spanish and Portuguese, the words for silver are respectively plata and prata and of silver is said plateado and prateado. Argentina was first associated with the silver mountains legend, widespread among the first European explorers of the La Plata Basin. The first written use of the name in Spanish can be traced to La Argentina, a 1602 poem by Martín del Barco Centenera describing the region, the 1826 constitution included the first use of the name Argentine Republic in legal documents. The name Argentine Confederation was also used and was formalized in the Argentine Constitution of 1853. In 1860 a presidential decree settled the name as Argentine Republic

13.
Anaheim, California
–
Anaheim is a city in Orange County, California, part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 336,265, making it the most populous city in Orange County, Anaheim remained largely a rural community until Disneyland opened in the city in 1955. This led to the construction of hotels and motels around the area. The city also developed into a center, producing electronics, aircraft parts. Anaheims city limits extend from Cypress in the west to the Riverside County line in the east and encompass a diverse collection of neighborhoods, Anaheim Hills is a master-planned community located in the citys eastern stretches that is home to many of the citys affluent. Downtown Anaheim has three historic districts, the largest of which is the Anaheim Colony. The Anaheim Resort, a district, includes Disneyland, Disney California Adventure. The Platinum Triangle, a redevelopment district surrounding Angel Stadium, is planned to be populated with mixed-use streets. Finally, Anaheim Canyon is a district north of California State Route 91. Anaheims name is a blend of Ana, after the nearby Santa Ana River, and heim, the city of Anaheim was founded in 1857 by 50 German-Americans who were residents of San Francisco and whose families had originated in Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Franconia in Bavaria. For $750 a share, the formed the Anaheim Vineyard Company. Their new community was named Annaheim, meaning home by the Santa Anna River in German, the name later was altered to Anaheim. To the Spanish-speaking neighbors, the settlement was known as Campo Alemán, although grape and wine-making was their primary objective, the majority of the 50 settlers were mechanics, carpenters and craftsmen with no experience in wine-making. The community set aside 40 acres for a center and a school was the first building erected there. The first home was built in 1857, the Anaheim Gazette newspaper was established in 1870, for 25 years, the area was the largest wine producer in California. However, in 1884, a disease infected the grape vines, other crops – walnuts, lemons and oranges – soon filled the void. Fruits and vegetables had become viable cash crops when the Los Angeles – Orange County region was connected to the railroad network in 1887. The famous Polish actress Helena Modjeska settled in Anaheim with her husband and various friends, among them Henryk Sienkiewicz, Julian Sypniewski, while living in Anaheim, Helena Modjeska became good friends with Clementine Langenberger, the second wife of August Langenberger

14.
Long Island
–
Long Island is an island located just off the northeast coast of the United States and a region within the U. S. state of New York. Stretching east-northeast from New York Harbor into the Atlantic Ocean, the island comprises four counties, Kings and Queens to the west, then Nassau, more generally, Long Island may also refer collectively both to the main Island as well as its nearby, surrounding outer barrier islands. North of the island is the Long Island Sound, across from which lie the states of Connecticut, across the Sound, to the northwest, lies Westchester County on mainland New York. To the west, Long Island is separated from the Bronx and the island of Manhattan by the East River. To the extreme southwest, it is separated from the New York City borough of Staten Island and the U. S. state of New Jersey by Upper New York Bay, the Narrows, to the east lie Block Island and numerous smaller islands. Its population density is 5,595.1 inhabitants per square mile, Long Island is culturally and ethnically diverse. Some of the wealthiest and most expensive neighborhoods in the Western Hemisphere are located on Long Island, nine bridges and 13 tunnels connect Brooklyn and Queens to the three other boroughs of New York City. Ferries connect Suffolk County northward across Long Island Sound to the state of Connecticut, the Long Island Rail Road is the busiest commuter railroad in North America and operates 24/7. At the time of European contact, the Lenape people inhabited the western end of Long Island, giovanni da Verrazzano was the first European to record an encounter with the Lenapes, after entering what is now New York Bay in 1524. In 1609, the English navigator Henry Hudson explored the harbor, adriaen Block followed in 1615 and is credited as the first European to determine that both Manhattan and Long Island are islands. Native American land deeds recorded by the Dutch from 1636 state that the Indians referred to Long Island as Sewanhaka, sewan was one of the terms for wampum, and is also translated as loose or scattered, which may refer either to the wampum or to Long Island. The name t Lange Eylandt alias Matouwacs appears in Dutch maps from the 1650s, later, the English referred to the land as Nassau Island, after the Dutch Prince William of Nassau, Prince of Orange. It is unclear when the name Nassau Island was discontinued, the very first settlements on Long Island were by settlers from England and its colonies in present-day New England. Lion Gardiner settled nearby Gardiners Island, the first settlement on the geographic Long Island itself was on October 21,1640, when Southold was established by the Rev. John Youngs and settlers from New Haven, Connecticut. Peter Hallock, one of the settlers, drew the long straw and was granted the honor to step ashore first and he is considered the first New World settler on Long Island. Southampton was settled in the same year, Hempstead followed in 1644, East Hampton in 1648, Huntington in 1653, and Brookhaven in 1655. While the eastern region of Long Island was first settled by the English, until 1664, the jurisdiction of Long Island was split, roughly at the present border between Nassau County and Suffolk County. The Dutch founded six towns in present-day Brooklyn beginning in 1645 and these included, Brooklyn, Gravesend, Flatlands, Flatbush, New Utrecht, and Bushwick

15.
Sacramento, California
–
Sacramento is the capital city of the U. S. state of California and the seat of Sacramento County. It is at the confluence of the Sacramento River and the American River in the portion of Californias expansive Central Valley. Its estimated 2014 population of 485,199 made it the sixth-largest city in California, Sacramento is the cultural and economic core of the Sacramento metropolitan area, which includes seven counties with a 2010 population of 2,414,783. In 2002, the Civil Rights Project at Harvard University conducted for Time magazine named Sacramento Americas Most Diverse City, Sacramento became a city through the efforts of the Swiss immigrant John Sutter, Sr. his son John Augustus Sutter, Jr. and James W. Marshall. Sacramento grew quickly thanks to the protection of Sutters Fort, which was established by Sutter in 1839, the city was named after the Sacramento River, which forms its western border. The river was named by Spanish cavalry officer Gabriel Moraga for the Santísimo Sacramento, California State University, Sacramento, is the largest university in the city and one of 23 campuses in the California State University system. University of the Pacific is a university with one of its three campuses in Sacramento. In addition, the University of California, Davis, located in nearby Davis, operates its UC Davis Medical Center, nisenan and Plains Miwok Native Americans had lived in the area for perhaps thousands of years. Unlike the settlers who would eventually make Sacramento their home, these Native Americans left little evidence of their existence. Traditionally, their diet was dominated by acorns taken from the oak trees in the region, and by fruits, bulbs, seeds. In 1808, the Spanish explorer Gabriel Moraga discovered and named the Sacramento Valley, a Spanish writer with the Moraga expedition wrote, Canopies of oaks and cottonwoods, many festooned with grapevines, overhung both sides of the blue current. Birds chattered in the trees and big fish darted through the pellucid depths, the air was like champagne, and drank deep of it, drank in the beauty around them. The valley and the river were then christened after the Most Holy Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ, John Sutter first arrived on August 13,1839 at the divergence of the American and Sacramento Rivers with a Mexican land grant of 50,000 acres. The next year, he and his party established Sutters Fort, representing Mexico, Sutter called his colony New Helvetia, a Swiss inspired name, and was the political authority and dispenser of justice in the new settlement. Soon, the colony began to grow as more and more pioneers headed west, within just a few short years, John Sutter had become a grand success, owning a ten-acre orchard and a herd of thirteen thousand cattle. Fort Sutter became a stop for the increasing number of immigrants coming through the valley. In 1847, Sutter hired James Marshall to build a sawmill so that he could continue to expand his empire, Sutter received 2,000 fruit trees in 1847, which started the agriculture industry in the Sacramento Valley. In 1848, when gold was discovered by James W. Marshall at Sutters Mill in Coloma and he hired topographical engineer William H

16.
Scottsdale, Arizona
–
Scottsdale is a city in the eastern part of Maricopa County, Arizona, adjacent to the Greater Phoenix Area. The New York Times described downtown Scottsdale as a version of Miamis South Beach and as having plenty of late night partying. Its slogan is The Wests Most Western Town, Scottsdale,31 miles long and 11.4 miles wide at its widest point, shares boundaries with many other municipalities and entities. On the west, Scottsdale is bordered by Phoenix, Paradise Valley, carefree is located along the western boundary, as well as sharing Scottsdales northern boundary with the Tonto National Forest. To the south Scottsdale is bordered by Tempe, the area which would include what would become Scottsdale was originally inhabited by the Hohokam, from approximately 300 BC to 1450 AD. This ancient civilization farmed the area and developed a network of canals for irrigation which was unsurpassed in pre-Columbian North America. At its peak, the canals stretched over 250 miles, many of which remains extant today, some having been renovated. Under still-mysterious circumstances, the Hohokam disappeared around 1450 or 1500, the areas later occupants, the Pima and Oodham, are thought to be the direct descendants of the Hohokam people. Before European settlement, Scottsdale was a Pima village known as Vaṣai S-vaṣonĭ, some Pima remained in their original homes well into the 20th century. For example, until the late 1960s, there was a traditional dwelling on the southeast corner of Indian Bend Road. Currently, those Pima who live within Scottsdale reside in homes rather than traditional dwellings. Many Pima and Maricopa people continue to reside on the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, in the early to mid 1880s, U. S. Army Chaplain Winfield Scott visited the Salt River Valley and was impressed with the region and its potential for agriculture. Returning in 1888 with his wife, Helen, he purchased 640 acres for $3.50 an acre for a stretch of land where downtown Scottsdale is now located. Many of the original settlers, recruited by Scott from the East and Midwest, were educated and had an appreciation for cultural activities. The towns name was changed to Scottsdale in 1894, after its founder, while not in its original building, Cavallieres has been in continuance operation since that time. Between 1908 and 1933, due to the construction of the Granite Reef and Roosevelt dams, Scottsdales population experienced a boom, Scottsdale became a small market town providing services for families involved in the agricultural industry. Although cotton is grown in southern Arizona, Scottsdales cotton boom ended with the loss of government contracts at the end of the war. In 1920, a resort was opened on 12 acres of the property owned by the artist Jessie Benton Evans

17.
Palm Springs, California
–
Palm Springs is a desert resort city in Riverside County, California, United States, within the Coachella Valley. It is located approximately 55 mi east of San Bernardino,107 mi east of Los Angeles,123 mi northeast of San Diego, the population was 44,552 as of the 2010 census. Palm Springs covers approximately 94 square miles, making it the largest city in the county by land area, biking, golf, hiking, horseback riding, swimming, and tennis in the nearby desert and mountain areas are major forms of recreation in Palm Springs. The city is famous for its mid-century modern architecture and design elements. Archaeological research has shown that the Cahuilla people have lived in the area for the past 350–500 years, the Cahuilla name for the area was Se-Khi. The alternating non-reservation sections were granted to the Southern Pacific Railroad as an incentive to bring rail lines through the open desert, presently the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians is composed of several smaller bands who live in the modern day Coachella Valley and San Gorgonio Pass areas. The Agua Caliente Reservation occupies 32,000 acres, of which 6,700 acres lie within the city limits, as of 1821 Mexico was independent of Spain and in March 1823 the Mexican Monarchy ended. With the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the region was ceded to the United States in 1848, one possible origin of palm in the place name comes from early Spanish explorers who referred to the area as La Palma de la Mano de Dios or The Palm of Gods hand. The earliest use of the name Palm Springs is from United States Topographical Engineers who used the term in 1853 maps, other early names were Palmetto Spring and Big Palm Springs. The first European resident in Palm Springs itself was Jack Summers, fourteen years later, the Southern Pacific railroad was laid 6 miles to the north, isolating the station. By 1885, when San Francisco attorney John Guthrie McCallum began buying property in Palm Springs, the area was named Palm Valley when McCallum incorporated the Palm Valley Land and Water Company with partners O. C. He also asked Dr. Welwood Murray to establish a hotel across the street from his residence, the crops and irrigation systems suffered flooding in 1893 from record rainfall, and then an 11-year drought caused further damage. The city became a resort in the 1900s when health tourists arrived with conditions that required dry heat. Because of the heat, however, the population dropped markedly in the summer months, Early illustrious visitors included John Muir and his daughters, U. S. Vice President Charles Fairbanks, and Fanny Stevenson, widow of Robert Louis Stevenson, still, Murrays hotel was closed in 1909, nellie N. Coffman and her physician husband Harry established The Desert Inn as a hotel and sanitarium in 1909. It was expanded as a hotel in 1927 and continued on until 1967. Coffman herself was a force in the citys tourism industry until her death in 1950. James Wonders of the Colorado Desert was followed in 1920 by J. Smeaton Chases Our Araby, Palm Springs and the Garden of the Sun, which also served to promote the area

18.
Saddle Brook, New Jersey
–
Saddle Brook is a township in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. Saddle River Township was created on March 20,1716, consisting of all of the territory in Bergen County west of the Saddle River, making it one of the oldest municipalities in Bergen County. It was incorporated on February 21,1798 by the Township Act of 1798 as one of the group of 104 townships incorporated in New Jersey. The historic name of the township was from the Saddle River, a tributary of the Passaic River, West Milford Township was formed from the discontinuous, western sections of both Franklin and Saddle River townships in 1834. Garfield, East Paterson and Fair Lawn subsequently split off, Saddle Brook adopted its current name on November 8,1955, replacing Saddle River Township. According to the United States Census Bureau, the township had an area of 2.716 square miles. The township borders the Bergen County municipalities of Elmwood Park, Fair Lawn, Garfield, Lodi, Paramus, unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include Coalberg and Passaic Junction. As of the census of 2010, there were 13,659 people,5,286 households, the population density was 5,080.2 per square mile. There were 5,485 housing units at a density of 2,040.0 per square mile. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12. 20% of the population,25. 3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the family size was 3.13. In the township, the population was out with 20. 2% under the age of 18,7. 6% from 18 to 24,27. 3% from 25 to 44,28. 4% from 45 to 64. The median age was 41.4 years, for every 100 females there were 91.4 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and old there were 88.2 males, the Census Bureaus 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that median household income was $79,279 and the median family income was $92,861. Males had an income of $60,214 versus $44,243 for females. The per capita income for the township was $33,674, about 0. 0% of families and 3. 4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5. 6% of those under age 18 and 4. 2% of those age 65 or over. Same-sex couples headed 40 households in 2010, an increase from the 15 counted in 2000, as of the 2000 United States Census there were 13,155 people,5,062 households, and 3,578 families residing in the township. The population density was 4,830.8 people per square mile, there were 5,161 housing units at an average density of 1,895.2 per square mile

19.
Chicago
–
Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States. With over 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the state of Illinois, and it is the county seat of Cook County. In 2012, Chicago was listed as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United States—about $640 billion according to 2015 estimates, the city has one of the worlds largest and most diversified economies with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. In 2016, Chicago hosted over 54 million domestic and international visitors, landmarks in the city include Millennium Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile, Art Institute of Chicago, Museum Campus, the Willis Tower, Museum of Science and Industry, and Lincoln Park Zoo. Chicagos culture includes the arts, novels, film, theater, especially improvisational comedy. Chicago also has sports teams in each of the major professional leagues. The city has many nicknames, the best-known being the Windy City, the name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the Native American word shikaakwa, known to botanists as Allium tricoccum, from the Miami-Illinois language. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as Checagou was by Robert de LaSalle around 1679 in a memoir, henri Joutel, in his journal of 1688, noted that the wild garlic, called chicagoua, grew abundantly in the area. In the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by a Native American tribe known as the Potawatomi, the first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. Du Sable was of African and French descent and arrived in the 1780s and he is commonly known as the Founder of Chicago. In 1803, the United States Army built Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed in 1812 in the Battle of Fort Dearborn, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes had ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the Treaty of Chicago in 1833, on August 12,1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Within seven years it grew to more than 4,000 people, on June 15,1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as U. S. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4,1837, as the site of the Chicago Portage, the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. Chicagos first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois, the canal allowed steamboats and sailing ships on the Great Lakes to connect to the Mississippi River. A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad, manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. The Chicago Board of Trade listed the first ever standardized exchange traded forward contracts and these issues also helped propel another Illinoisan, Abraham Lincoln, to the national stage

20.
Sydney
–
Sydney /ˈsɪdni/ is the state capital of New South Wales and the most populous city in Australia and Oceania. Located on Australias east coast, the metropolis surrounds the worlds largest natural harbour, residents of Sydney are known as Sydneysiders. The Sydney area has been inhabited by indigenous Australians for at least 30,000 years, the first British settlers, led by Captain Arthur Phillip, arrived in 1788 to found Sydney as a penal colony, the first European settlement in Australia. Since convict transportation ended in the century, the city has transformed from a colonial outpost into a major global cultural. As at June 2016 Sydneys estimated population was 5,005,358, in the 2011 census,34 percent of the population reported having been born overseas, representing many different nationalities and making Sydney one of the most multicultural cities in the world. There are more than 250 different languages spoken in Sydney and about one-third of residents speak a language other than English at home and it is classified as an Alpha+ World City by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, indicating its influence in the region and throughout the world. Ranked eleventh in the world for economic opportunity, Sydney has a market economy with strengths in finance, manufacturing. Its gross regional product was $337 billion in 2013, the largest in Australia, there is a significant concentration of foreign banks and multinational corporations in Sydney and the city is promoted as one of Asia Pacifics leading financial hubs. Its natural features include Sydney Harbour, the Royal National Park, man-made attractions such as the Sydney Opera House, Sydney Tower and the Sydney Harbour Bridge are also well known to international visitors. The first people to inhabit the now known as Sydney were indigenous Australians having migrated from northern Australia. Radiocarbon dating suggests human activity first started to occur in the Sydney area from around 30,735 years ago, the earliest British settlers called them Eora people. Eora is the term the indigenous used to explain their origins upon first contact with the British. Its literal meaning is from this place, prior to the arrival of the British there were 4,000 to 8,000 native people in Sydney from as many as 29 different clans. Sydney Cove from Port Jackson to Petersham was inhabited by the Cadigal clan, the principal language groups were Darug, Guringai, and Dharawal. The earliest Europeans to visit the area noted that the people were conducting activities such as camping and fishing, using trees for bark and food, collecting shells. Development has destroyed much of the citys history including that of the first inhabitants, there continues to be examples of rock art and engravings located in the protected Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park. The first meeting between the people and the British occurred on 29 April 1770 when Lieutenant James Cook landed at Botany Bay on the Kurnell Peninsula. He noted in his journal that they were confused and somewhat hostile towards the foreign visitors, Cook was on a mission of exploration and was not commissioned to start a settlement

21.
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
–
Fort Lauderdale /ˌfɔərt ˈlɔːdərdeɪl/ is a city in the U. S. state of Florida,28 miles north of Miami. It is the county seat of Broward County, as of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 165,521. It is a city of the Miami metropolitan area, which was home to an estimated 6,012,331 people at the 2015 census. The city is a popular tourist destination, with an average temperature of 75.5 °F and 3,000 hours of sunshine per year. Greater Fort Lauderdale which takes in all of Broward County hosted 12 million visitors in 2012, the district has 561 hotels and motels comprising nearly 35,000 rooms. Forty six cruise ships sailed from Port Everglades in 2012, greater Fort Lauderdale has over 4,000 restaurants,63 golf courses,12 shopping malls,16 museums,132 nightclubs,278 parkland campsites, and 100 marinas housing 45,000 resident yachts. Fort Lauderdale is named after a series of forts built by the United States during the Second Seminole War, the forts took their name from Major William Lauderdale, younger brother of Lieutenant Colonel James Lauderdale. William Lauderdale was the commander of the detachment of soldiers who built the first fort, however, development of the city did not begin until 50 years after the forts were abandoned at the end of the conflict. The area in which the city of Fort Lauderdale would later be founded was inhabited for more two thousand years by the Tequesta Indians. For the Tequesta, disease, coupled with continuing conflict with their Calusa neighbors, although control of the area changed between Spain, United Kingdom, the United States, and the Confederate States of America, it remained largely undeveloped until the 20th century. The Fort Lauderdale area was known as the New River Settlement before the 20th century, in the 1830s there were approximately 70 settlers living along the New River. William Cooley, the local Justice of the Peace, was a farmer and wrecker, who traded with the Seminole Indians. On January 6,1836, while Cooley was leading an attempt to salvage a ship, a band of Seminoles attacked his farm, killing his wife and children. The first United States stockade named Fort Lauderdale was built in 1838, the fort was abandoned in 1842, after the end of the war, and the area remained virtually unpopulated until the 1890s. The city was incorporated in 1911, and in 1915 was designated the county seat of newly formed Broward County, Fort Lauderdales first major development began in the 1920s, during the Florida land boom of the 1920s. The 1926 Miami Hurricane and the Great Depression of the 1930s caused a deal of economic dislocation. In July 1935, an African-American man named Rubin Stacy was accused of robbing a woman at knife point. He was arrested and being transported to a Miami jail when police were run off the road by a mob, a group of 100 white men proceeded to hang Stacy from a tree near the scene of his alleged robbery

22.
San Francisco, CA
–
San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California. It is the birthplace of the United Nations, the California Gold Rush of 1849 brought rapid growth, making it the largest city on the West Coast at the time. San Francisco became a consolidated city-county in 1856, after three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. In World War II, San Francisco was a port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. Politically, the city votes strongly along liberal Democratic Party lines, San Francisco is also the headquarters of five major banking institutions and various other companies such as Levi Strauss & Co. Dolby, Airbnb, Weebly, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Yelp, Pinterest, Twitter, Uber, Lyft, Mozilla, Wikimedia Foundation, as of 2016, San Francisco is ranked high on world liveability rankings. The earliest archaeological evidence of habitation of the territory of the city of San Francisco dates to 3000 BC. Upon independence from Spain in 1821, the became part of Mexico. Under Mexican rule, the system gradually ended, and its lands became privatized. In 1835, Englishman William Richardson erected the first independent homestead, together with Alcalde Francisco de Haro, he laid out a street plan for the expanded settlement, and the town, named Yerba Buena, began to attract American settlers. Commodore John D. Sloat claimed California for the United States on July 7,1846, during the Mexican–American War, montgomery arrived to claim Yerba Buena two days later. Yerba Buena was renamed San Francisco on January 30 of the next year, despite its attractive location as a port and naval base, San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography. The California Gold Rush brought a flood of treasure seekers, with their sourdough bread in tow, prospectors accumulated in San Francisco over rival Benicia, raising the population from 1,000 in 1848 to 25,000 by December 1849. The promise of fabulous riches was so strong that crews on arriving vessels deserted and rushed off to the gold fields, leaving behind a forest of masts in San Francisco harbor. Some of these approximately 500 abandoned ships were used at times as storeships, saloons and hotels, many were left to rot, by 1851 the harbor was extended out into the bay by wharves while buildings were erected on piles among the ships. By 1870 Yerba Buena Cove had been filled to create new land, buried ships are occasionally exposed when foundations are dug for new buildings. California was quickly granted statehood in 1850 and the U. S. military built Fort Point at the Golden Gate, silver discoveries, including the Comstock Lode in Nevada in 1859, further drove rapid population growth. With hordes of fortune seekers streaming through the city, lawlessness was common, and the Barbary Coast section of town gained notoriety as a haven for criminals, prostitution, entrepreneurs sought to capitalize on the wealth generated by the Gold Rush

23.
Moscow
–
Moscow is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.8 million within the urban area. Moscow has the status of a Russian federal city, Moscow is a major political, economic, cultural, and scientific center of Russia and Eastern Europe, as well as the largest city entirely on the European continent. Moscow is the northernmost and coldest megacity and metropolis on Earth and it is home to the Ostankino Tower, the tallest free standing structure in Europe, the Federation Tower, the tallest skyscraper in Europe, and the Moscow International Business Center. Moscow is situated on the Moskva River in the Central Federal District of European Russia, the city is well known for its architecture, particularly its historic buildings such as Saint Basils Cathedral with its brightly colored domes. Moscow is the seat of power of the Government of Russia, being the site of the Moscow Kremlin, the Moscow Kremlin and Red Square are also one of several World Heritage Sites in the city. Both chambers of the Russian parliament also sit in the city and it is recognized as one of the citys landmarks due to the rich architecture of its 200 stations. In old Russian the word also meant a church administrative district. The demonym for a Moscow resident is москвич for male or москвичка for female, the name of the city is thought to be derived from the name of the Moskva River. There have been proposed several theories of the origin of the name of the river and its cognates include Russian, музга, muzga pool, puddle, Lithuanian, mazgoti and Latvian, mazgāt to wash, Sanskrit, majjati to drown, Latin, mergō to dip, immerse. There exist as well similar place names in Poland like Mozgawa, the original Old Russian form of the name is reconstructed as *Москы, *Mosky, hence it was one of a few Slavic ū-stem nouns. From the latter forms came the modern Russian name Москва, Moskva, in a similar manner the Latin name Moscovia has been formed, later it became a colloquial name for Russia used in Western Europe in the 16th–17th centuries. From it as well came English Muscovy, various other theories, having little or no scientific ground, are now largely rejected by contemporary linguists. The surface similarity of the name Russia with Rosh, an obscure biblical tribe or country, the oldest evidence of humans on the territory of Moscow dates from the Neolithic. Within the modern bounds of the city other late evidence was discovered, on the territory of the Kremlin, Sparrow Hills, Setun River and Kuntsevskiy forest park, etc. The earliest East Slavic tribes recorded as having expanded to the upper Volga in the 9th to 10th centuries are the Vyatichi and Krivichi, the Moskva River was incorporated as part of Rostov-Suzdal into the Kievan Rus in the 11th century. By AD1100, a settlement had appeared on the mouth of the Neglinnaya River. The first known reference to Moscow dates from 1147 as a place of Yuri Dolgoruky. At the time it was a town on the western border of Vladimir-Suzdal Principality

24.
Bill Nye (science guy)
–
William Sanford Bill Nye, popularly known as Bill Nye the Science Guy, is an American science educator, television presenter, and mechanical engineer. He is best known as the host of the PBS childrens science show Bill Nye the Science Guy, currently, he is the CEO of The Planetary Society. Nye was born on November 27,1955, in Washington, after attending Lafayette Elementary and Alice Deal Junior High in the city, he was accepted to the private Sidwell Friends School on a partial scholarship and graduated in 1973. He studied mechanical engineering at Cornell University and graduated with a B. S. in mechanical engineering in 1977, Nye occasionally returns to Cornell as a guest-lecturer of introductory-level astronomy and human ecology classes. Nye began his career in Seattle at Boeing, where, among other things, he starred in training films, later, he worked as a consultant in the aeronautics industry. In 1999, he told the St. Petersburg Times that he applied to be a NASA astronaut every few years, Nye began his professional entertainment career as a writer/actor on a local sketch comedy television show in Seattle, Washington, called Almost Live. The host of the show, Ross Shafer, suggested he do some scientific demonstrations in a six-minute segment and his other main recurring role on Almost Live. was as Speedwalker, a speedwalking Seattle superhero. The segments national popularity led to Nyes hosting a television program, Bill Nye the Science Guy. Each of the 100 episodes aimed to teach a specific topic in science to a younger audience, with its comedic overtones, the show became popular as a teaching aid in schools. When portraying The Science Guy, Nye wears a blue lab coat. Nye has also several books as The Science Guy. In addition to hosting, he was a writer and producer for the show, all of it was filmed in the Seattle area. His voice is heard in the Dinosaur attraction in Disneys Animal Kingdom park and he appears in video form in the Design Lab of CyberSpace Mountain, inside DisneyQuest at Walt Disney World, where he refers to himself as Bill Nye the Coaster Guy. His Science Guy persona was also the spokesman for the Noggin television network during 1999. Nye remained interested in education through entertainment. He played a teacher in Disneys 1998 TV movie The Principal Takes a Holiday. From 2000 to 2002, Nye was the expert in BattleBots. In 2004 and 2005, Nye hosted 100 Greatest Discoveries, a series produced by THINKFilm for The Science Channel

25.
America's Next Top Model
–
Created and executive produced by Tyra Banks, the series premiered in May 2003, and was aired semiannually until 2012, then annually from 2013. The first six seasons were aired on UPN, before UPN merged The WB to create The CW in 2006, the following sixteen cycles were aired on The CW until the series was first cancelled in October 2015. The series has since been revived, with cycle 23 currently airing on VH1, the series was among the highest-rated programs on UPN, and was the highest-rated show on The CW from 2007 to 2010. Advertisers paid $61,315 per 30-second slot during the 2011–12 television seasons, the first twenty-two cycles of the series were presented by Banks, with cycle 23 being presented by Rita Ora. The series employs a panel of three or four judges, the original panel consisted of Banks, Janice Dickinson, Beau Quillian and Kimora Lee Simmons. Quillian and Simmons were replaced by Nigel Barker and Eric Nicholson in cycle 2, after cycle 4, Marin and Dickinson were replaced by J. Alexander and Twiggy in cycle 5. Paulina Porizkova joined the panel in cycle 10, in place of Twiggy, after cycle 12, Porizkova was fired by Banks and the panel was left with three judges in cycle 13. In cycle 14, Alexander left the panel and was replaced by André Leon Talley, in cycle 18, Kelly Cutrone replaced Talley. After cycle 18, Banks fired long-standing cast members Barker, Alexander, Barker was replaced by Rob Evans in cycle 19, and Manuel by Johnny Wujek. Alexander returned to the panel in cycle 21 in place of Evans, before the panel was replaced with Ora, Ashley Graham, Drew Elliott. Ora will be replaced as presenter and judge by the returning Banks for the upcoming cycle 24, cycles 1–16 and cycle 19 each consisted of a cast of between 10 and 14 female contestants with no previous participation on the series. Cycles 20–22 featured male contestants in the contest, including two eventual winners, cycle 23 follows the series original format of an all-new, all-female cast. Winners typically receive a feature in a magazine and a contract with a modeling agency among other prizes, the series is the originator of the international Top Model franchise. Over 30 versions of the series have been produced internationally and it was announced on January 24,2006, that Top Model would be part of the new The CW network, a merge between UPN and The WB, when the seventh cycle started in September airing on Wednesdays. The series became the first series among regular programming to air on the network, prior to the announcement of merging with The WB, UPN had committed to renewing the series through its ninth cycle on January 20,2006, for which casting was conducted throughout mid-2006. Americas Next Top Model is the show left on the network that was originally from UPN. On July 21,2006, the writers of Americas Next Top Model went on strike while working on cycle 7, the writers sought representation through the Writers Guild of America, West, which would allow them regulated wages, access to portable health insurance, and pension benefits. These benefits would be similar to those given to writers on scripted shows, the strike was the focus of a large rally of Hollywood writers coinciding with the premiere of the new network on September 20,2006

26.
Make Me a Supermodel (U.S. TV series)
–
Make Me a Supermodel is an American reality television modeling competition series based on the British reality series of the same name. Following an audition preview on January 2,2008, the series premiered January 10,2008 on the television network Bravo. For Season 2, viewer participation was removed, and all model eliminations, the first season was hosted by supermodels Tyson Beckford and Niki Taylor, and judged by fashion casting director Jennifer Starr and model agent Cory Bautista. The second season premiered on March 4,2009, with Beckford returning as the sole host, nicole Trunfio replaced Taylor and act as a mentor to the female contestants, while the judging panel will be completely revamped. The show features top photographers such as Roxanne Lowit, Markus Klinko & Indrani, Howard Schatz, Americas Next Top Model Americas Most Smartest Model Season 1 Homepage Season 2 Homepage

27.
The Chronicle (Duke University)
–
The Chronicle is a daily student newspaper at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. It was first published as The Trinity Chronicle on December 19,1905 and its name was changed to The Chronicle when Trinity College was renamed Duke University following a donation by James Buchanan Duke. One of the most highly honored college newspapers in the United States, The Chronicle commands a budget of more than $1 million and its coverage gained national significance in light of the 2006 Duke lacrosse team scandal. The Chronicle has a print readership of roughly 30,000, in June 2013, The Chronicle announced it was cutting one day of print heading into the 2013-14 academic year, the papers 109th volume. The papers editors and board members emphasized the change was part of a commitment to a digital-first strategy, during the academic year, The Chronicle has printed Monday through Thursday since August 2013. At the 2009 Associated Collegiate Press National College Media Convention in Austin, Texas, in 2007, The Chronicle took home four awards from the ACP, including Online Story of the Year for its ongoing coverage of the Duke lacrosse scandal. In 2006, the paper took place in the Best in Show category in St. Louis. The Chronicles former editor, Ryan McCartney, placed third in the reporter of the year category. The paper also won Best in Show in the division in 2005 in Kansas City, Missouri. In addition, Towerview took home fifth-place honors in the magazine division, in October 2015, The Chronicle was again honored by the Associated College Press, taking home its first Online Pacemaker Award, sharing honors with The Daily Orange and The Stanford Daily. Journalist and New York magazine founder Clay Felker was an editor of The Chronicle while a student at Duke in the 1950s, washington Post sports reporter John Feinstein was a sports writer for The Chronicle and was its sports editor for two years. Wall Street Journal travel editor Scott McCartney was editor of The Chronicle in the 1980s

28.
Duke University
–
Duke University is an American private research university located in Durham, North Carolina. Founded by Methodists and Quakers in the town of Trinity in 1838. In 1924, tobacco and electric power industrialist James Buchanan Duke established The Duke Endowment, at time the institution changed its name to honor his deceased father. Dukes campus spans over 8,600 acres on three campuses in Durham as well as a marine lab in Beaufort. The main campus—designed largely by architect Julian Abele—incorporates Gothic architecture with the 210-foot Duke Chapel at the campus center, the first-year-populated East Campus contains Georgian-style architecture, while the main Gothic-style West Campus 1.5 miles away is adjacent to the Medical Center. Duke is the seventh-wealthiest private university in America with $11.4 billion in cash, Dukes research expenditures in the 2015 fiscal year were $1.037 billion, the seventh largest in the nation. In 2014, Thomson Reuters named 32 of Dukes professors to its list of Highly Cited Researchers, Duke also ranks fifth among national universities to have produced Rhodes, Marshall, Truman, Goldwater, and Udall Scholars. Ten Nobel laureates and three Turing Award winners are affiliated with the university, Dukes sports teams compete in the Atlantic Coast Conference and the basketball team is renowned for having won five NCAA Mens Division I Basketball Championships, most recently in 2015. Duke is consistently included among the best universities in the world by numerous university rankings, according to a Forbes study, Duke is ranked 11th among universities that have produced billionaires. Duke started in 1838 as Browns Schoolhouse, a subscription school founded in Randolph County in the present-day town of Trinity. Organized by the Union Institute Society, a group of Methodists and Quakers, the academy was renamed Normal College in 1851 and then Trinity College in 1859 because of support from the Methodist Church. Carr donated land in 1892 for the original Durham campus, which is now known as East Campus, in 1924 Washington Dukes son, James B. Duke, established The Duke Endowment with a $40 million trust fund, income from the fund was to be distributed to hospitals, orphanages, the Methodist Church, and four colleges. Duke thought the change would come off as self-serving. Money from the endowment allowed the University to grow quickly, Dukes original campus, East Campus, was rebuilt from 1925 to 1927 with Georgian-style buildings. By 1930, the majority of the Collegiate Gothic-style buildings on the one mile west were completed. In 1878, Trinity awarded A. B. degrees to three sisters—Mary, Persis, and Theresa Giles—who had studied both with private tutors and in classes with men. With the relocation of the college in 1892, the Board of Trustees voted to allow women to be formally admitted to classes as day students

29.
The Hollywood Reporter
–
Headquartered in Los Angeles, THR is part of the Hollywood Reporter-Billboard Media Group, a group of properties that includes Billboard and SpinMedia. It is owned by Eldridge Industries, a company owned by an executive of its previous owner. Under Janice Min, a faltering THR was relaunched in 2010 as a weekly print magazine with a revamped, continuously updated website, as well as mobile. THR was founded in 1930 by William R, billy Wilkerson as Hollywoods first daily entertainment trade newspaper. The first edition appeared on September 3,1930, and featured Wilkersons front-page Tradeviews column, the newspaper appeared Monday to Saturday for the first 10 years, except for a brief period, then Monday to Friday from 1940. Wilkerson ran the THR until his death in September 1962, although his final column appeared 18 months prior, from the late 1930s, Wilkerson used THR to push the view that the industry was a communist stronghold. In particular, he opposed the screenplay writers trade union, the Screen Writers Guild, in 1946 the Guild considered creating an American Authors Authority to hold copyright for writers, instead of ownership passing to the studios. Wilkerson devoted his Tradeviews column to the issue on July 29,1946 and he went to confession before publishing it, knowing the damage it would cause, but was apparently encouraged by the priest to go ahead with it. The column contained the first industry names, including Dalton Trumbo and Howard Koch, on became the Hollywood blacklist. Eight of the 11 people Wilkerson named were among the Hollywood Ten who were blacklisted after hearings in 1947 by the House Un-American Activities Committee. In 1997 THR reporter David Robb wrote a story about the newspapers involvement, for the blacklists 65th anniversary in 2012, the THR published a lengthy investigative piece about Wilkersons role, by reporters Gary Baum and Daniel Miller. The same edition carried an apology from Wilkersons son, W. R. Wilkerson III and he wrote that his father had been motivated by revenge for his thwarted ambition to own a studio. Wilkersons wife, Tichi Wilkerson Kassel, took over as publisher and she sold the paper on April 11,1988, to Affiliated Publications, parent company of Billboard Publications, for $26.7 million. Robert J. Dowling became THR president in 1988 and editor-in-chief, Dowling brought in Alex Ben Block as editor in 1990, and editorial quality of both news and specials steadily improved. Block and Teri Ritzer dampened much of the coverage and cronyism that had infected the paper under Wilkerson. After Block left, former editor at Variety, Anita Busch, was brought in as editor between 1999 and 2001. Busch was credited with making the paper competitive with Variety, tony Uphoff assumed the publisher position in November 2005. Uphoff was replaced in October 2006 by John Kilcullen, the publisher of Billboard, Kilcullen was a defendant in Billboards infamous dildo lawsuit, in which he was accused of race discrimination and sexual harassment

30.
USA Today
–
USA Today is an internationally distributed American daily middle-market newspaper that serves as the flagship publication of its owner, the Gannett Company. Founded by Al Neuharth on September 15,1982, it operates from Gannetts corporate headquarters on Jones Branch Drive in McLean, Virginia and it is printed at 37 sites across the United States and at five additional sites internationally. USA Today is distributed in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, with an international edition distributed in Canada, Asia and the Pacific Islands, Gannett formally announced the launch of the paper on April 20,1982. USA Today began publishing on September 15,1982, initially launching in the Baltimore and Washington, on July 2,1984, the newspaper switched from a largely black-and-white to a color publication, featuring full color photography and graphics in all four sections. On April 8,1985, the paper published its first special bonus section, a 12-page section called Baseball 85, on May 6,1986, USA Today began printing production of its international edition in Switzerland. On April 15, USA Today launched an international printing site. On August 28,1995, an international publishing site was launched in Frankfurt, Germany, to print. On October 4,1999, USA Today began running advertisements on its front page for the first time. The paper launched a sixth printing site for its international edition on May 15,2000, in Milan, Italy, followed on July 10 by the launch of a printing facility in Charleroi. That November, USA Today migrated its operations from Gannetts previous corporate headquarters in Arlington, in 2010, USA Today launched the USA Today API for sharing data with partners of all types. On August 27,2010, USA Today announced that it would undergo a reorganization of its newsroom and it also announced that the paper would shift its focus away from print and place more emphasis on its digital platforms and launch of a new publication called USA Today Sports. On September 14,2012, USA Today underwent the first major redesign in its history, to accomplish this goal, Gannett migrated its newspaper and television station websites to the Presto platform and the USA Today site design throughout 2013 and 2014. On January 4,2014, USA Today acquired the book and film review website, on September 3,2014, USA Today announced that it would lay off roughly 70 employees in a restructuring of its newsroom and business operations. In October 2014, USA Today and OpenWager Inc. entered into a partnership to release a Bingo app called USA TODAY Bingo Cruise, USA Today is known for synthesizing news down to easy-to-read-and-comprehend stories. In the main edition circulated in the United States and some Canadian cities, each consists of four sections, News, Money, Sports. The international edition of the paper features two sections, News and Money in one, with Sports and Life in the other, atypical of most daily newspapers, the paper does not print on Saturdays and Sundays, the Friday edition serves as the weekend edition. USA Today prints each complete story on the front page of the section with the exception of the cover story. The cover story is a story that requires a jump

31.
New York Post
–
New York Post is an American daily newspaper, primarily distributed in New York City and its surrounding area. It is the 13th-oldest and seventh-most-widely circulated newspaper in the United States, established in 1801 by federalist and Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, it became a respected broadsheet in the 19th century, under the name New York Evening Post. The modern version of the paper is published in tabloid format, in 1976, Rupert Murdoch bought Post for US$30.5 million. Since 1993, Post has been owned by News Corporation and its successor, News Corp and its editorial offices are located at 1211 Avenue of the Americas. New York Post, established on November 16,1801 as New-York Evening Post, the Hartford Courant, believed to be the oldest continuously published newspaper, was founded in 1764 as a semi-weekly paper, it did not begin publishing daily until 1836. The New Hampshire Gazette, which has trademarked its claim of being The Nations Oldest Newspaper, was founded in 1756, moreover, since the 1890s it has been published only for weekends. Post was founded by Alexander Hamilton with about US$10,000 from a group of investors in the autumn of 1801 as New-York Evening Post, the meeting at which Hamilton first recruited investors for the new paper took place in the then-country weekend villa that is now Gracie Mansion. Hamilton chose William Coleman as his first editor, the most famous 19th-century New-York Evening Post editor was the poet and abolitionist William Cullen Bryant. So well respected was New-York Evening Post under Bryants editorship, it received praise from the English philosopher John Stuart Mill, in the summer of 1829, Bryant invited William Leggett, the Locofoco Democrat, to write for the paper. There, in addition to literary and drama reviews, Leggett began to write political editorials, leggetts classical liberal philosophy entailed a fierce opposition to central banking, a support for voluntary labor unions, and a dedication to laissez-faire economics. He was a member of the Equal Rights Party, Leggett became a co-owner and editor at Post in 1831, eventually working as sole editor of the newspaper while Bryant traveled in Europe in 1834 through 1835. Another co-owner of the paper was John Bigelow, from 1849 to 1861, he was one of the editors and co-owners of New York Evening Post. In 1881 Henry Villard took control of New-York Evening Post, as well as The Nation, with this acquisition, the paper was managed by the triumvirate of Carl Schurz, Horace White, and Edwin L. Godkin. When Schurz left the paper in 1883, Godkin became editor-in-chief, White became editor-in-chief in 1899, and remained in that role until his retirement in 1903. Villard sold the paper in 1918, after allegations of pro-German sympathies during World War I hurt its circulation. The new owner was Thomas Lamont, a partner in the Wall Street firm of J. P. Morgan & Co. Conservative Cyrus H. K. Curtis—publisher of the Ladies Home Journal—purchased New-York Evening Post in 1924, in 1934, J. David Stern purchased the paper, changed its name to New York Post, and restored its broadsheet size and liberal perspective. In 1939, Dorothy Schiff purchased the paper and her husband, George Backer, was named editor and publisher

32.
IMDb
–
In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database

33.
TV.com
–
TV. com is a website owned by CBS Interactive. The site covers television and focuses on English-language shows made or broadcast in Australia, Canada, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, the United States and the United Kingdom. Australia and UK versions of the website are available, at au. tv. com and uk. tv. com. CNET originally acquired the name in the mid-1990s to host a website for the companys technology-related TV shows. One of these shows was titled TV. com, the program, highlighting the best of the Internet for new and casual computer users, aired in U. S. syndication. CNET then acquired TV Tome, a television database. TV. com was launched a few months after that acquisition on June 1,2005, many of the features and content from the original TV Tome site were maintained in the new TV. com site. On May 15,2008, CBS formally announced its purchase of CNET Networks, TV. com continually looked at innovating the television-viewing experience by incorporating it with technology, as seen with the creation of WatchList. This service offered personalized TV listings influenced by user actions and social media, TV Tome was an American website devoted to documenting English-language television shows and their production. It was run by volunteer editors, with the assistance of user contributions, the site was founded by John Nestoriak III. The site had over 2,500 complete television series guides, over 3,500 developing television series guides, in addition to the television series guides, TV Tome had a forum for each television series, with information regarding episodes, their interpretation, and general discussions. A spin-off site, Movie Tome, was established in August 2003, a video game tome and a music tome were originally planned as well, but such plans were abandoned with the purchase of TV Tome and Movie Tome by CNET. On April 22,2005, TV Tome officially announced its acquisition by CNET, CNET reportedly bought TV Tome for US $5 million in January 2005. CNET announced plans to relocate the site to its TV. com domain, a preliminary version of the new site launched on June 1,2005 and on June 13,2005, the site was permanently redirected to TV. com with an entirely new layout. TV. com provides show descriptions, cast and crew listings, full episodes, clip length videos, discussion forums, episode guides may include synopsis information, a recap, credits, notes, trivia, quotes, and images provided by the networks. All textual information in the guides is user-generated, after a user earns a certain number of points, s/he becomes an editor for the guide and can moderate user submissions. The site provides actor guides that include actor bios, credits, trivia, like show pages, users can become editors for these guides after earning points by providing sourced content. The sites mobile application allows users to video content, including clips and full length episodes

34.
Basketball Wives
–
Basketball Wives is an American reality television series that premiered April 11,2010 on VH1. The show is filmed in Miami, Florida, and beginning with season four, the show premiered alongside the new series Brandy and Ray J, A Family Business and What Chilli Wants averaging a 1.0 in the 18-49 demographic, reaching 1.6 million total viewers. The Season 2 finale brought in 2.28 million viewers, the fifth season debut acquired 2.39 million viewers. Basketball Wives spawned a Los Angeles-based spinoff, Basketball Wives LA, VH1 announced the series would return with its sixth season to premiere on April 17,2017. Basketball Wives debuted on April 11,2010, with thirty-minute episodes, the second season premiered on December 12,2010, with expanded sixty-minute episodes and featured new cast member Tami Roman. Season 3 made its debut on May 30,2011, with new cast member Meeka Claxton, the fourth season premiered on February 20,2012, with two new cast members, Kenya Bell and Kesha Nichols and the departure of Claxton. The fifth season premiered on August 19,2013, with Tasha Marbury joining the cast, according to a tweet from Tami Roman, the show has been quietly though officially cancelled. Keonna Green, Bonnie-Jill Laflin, Aja, Christen and Melissa Metoyer joined the cast, brandi Maxiell, Elena Ahanzadeh and Saniyyah Samaa are also set to join the series as recurring cast members. Jennifer Williams — Ex-wife of Eric Williams, royce Reed — Ex-girlfriend of Dwight Howard. Gloria Govan — Wife of Matt Barnes, Former cast member of Basketball Wives LA Meeka Claxton — Ex-wife of Speedy Claxton, Kesha Nichols — Ex-fiancée of Richard Jefferson. Kenya Bell — Ex-wife of Charlie Bell, Tasha Marbury — Wife of Stephon Marbury. Eric Williams — Ex-husband of Jennifer Williams, erikka Moxam — Wife of Jason Gilbert. Ashley Walker — Wife of Rafer Alston, kim Russell — Wife of Byron Russell. Juli Richmond — Wife of Mitch Richmond, brandi Maxiell — Wife of Jason Maxiell, Former cast member of Basketball Wives LA Basketball Wives Official website

35.
Hip Hop Squares
–
Hip Hop Squares is an American television game show originally hosted by New York City radio personality Peter Rosenberg, which debuted on MTV2 on May 22,2012. The show is a format of CBS Television Distributions Hollywood Squares featuring mostly rappers. The MTV2 version of the show was taped in Brooklyn, New York, on July 28,2016, VH1 announced a new version of Hip Hop Squares will premiere on March 13,2017 executive produced by rapper and actor Ice Cube and hosted by DeRay Davis. A win in the first two rounds is worth $500, and $1,000 in round three, the Secret Square takes place in round two, with a $1,000 cash bonus awarded for correctly answering the question. If time runs out in the middle of a round, each square on the board is worth $100, the winning contestant then picks one of the three rows, with each celebrity in that row providing an answer to a multiple-choice question. The contestant must pick the celebrity with the answer to win a $2,500 bonus. Celebrities associated with the hip hop music genre play the game, a win is worth $500 in the first round and worth $1,000 in the second. In addition, each captured square is worth a random cash amount revealed when a star is chosen, the celebrity contestant with the higher score after the second round wins the game and plays the bonus round with the designated audience team member. In three-in-a-row, the celebrity and audience member try to obtain a tic-tac-toe. Squares on the board randomly flash, which is then stopped using a button pressed by the team. The teams symbol is placed in the square, and the process repeats. If the team can obtain a tic-tac-toe in five spins, the winnings from the main game is doubled. Casting for contestants on Hip Hop Squares began in March 2012, the show began taping on April 4,2012 and recorded 20 episodes at Steiner Studios throughout the month. Hip Hop Squares premiered on MTV2 on May 22,2012, the first season consisted of 8 episodes on consecutive Tuesday evenings, concluding on July 10,2012. The series premiere was the highest viewed premiere for MTV2 by viewers aged 12–34 ever, season one averaged nearly 260,000 over its eight episodes. The second season, with an additional 12 episodes, began on October 23,2012, episodes aired on Tuesday nights, with two episodes airing during the first two weeks and final week, concluding on December 18,2012. Official website Hip Hop Squares at the Internet Movie Database

36.
Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta
–
Love & Hip Hop, Atlanta is the second installment of the Love & Hip Hop reality television franchise. It premiered June 18,2012 on VH1, and chronicles the lives of people in Atlanta involved with hip hop music. Love & Hip Hop, Atlanta is the installment of the Love & Hip Hop franchise. On January 30,2017, VH1 announced the return for the sixth season. Note, Joseline Hernandez A Latin-American entertainer and aspiring rapper, Hernandez is the self-professed Puerto Rican Princess, born and raised on the streets of Puerto Rico. She was discovered by Stevie J while performing as a stripper under the name Shenellica Bettencourt, the series chronicles her turbulent relationship with Stevie J and his babys mother Mimi. She and Stevie initially claimed to have married in 2013, the two starred in their own spin-off show Stevie J & Joseline, Go Hollywood. The couples break up was documented in the fifth season, during filming of the fifth season reunion, Hernandez revealed she was pregnant with Stevies sixth child, Bonnie Bella Jordan. Her daughters birth will be documented in the upcoming special Love & Hip Hop, Rasheeda An underground rapper and entrepreneur. Rasheeda, full name Rasheeda Buckner-Frost, is the self-professed Georgia peach and queen of crunk and she is the wife of Kirk Frost, who also acts as her manager. The series chronicles her marital struggles and she has released six independent albums through her husbands company, D-Lo Entertainment. She has two sons by him, Ky and Karter and her pregnancy with Karter was documented during the shows second season. In 2015, she announced her retirement from music and opened Pressed, a store in Atlanta. In the sixth season, she discovers that Kirk has impregnated another woman behind her back, Karlie Redd An aspiring rapper, singer and entrepreneur. Redd, born Keisha Karlie Lewis, is of Trinidadian ethnicity and she has a daughter, Jasmine, from a previous relationship. The series focuses on her life, including her romances with cast members Benzino, Yung Joc, Scrapp DeLeon. She has a reputation on the show for being messy and allegedly lying about her age, Michelle is the focus of the first two seasons, during which she released Bring It, a diss track aimed at Michelle. The two later reconciled their differences, subsequent seasons focus on her various business ventures, as an actress, boutique store owner and record label executive, as well as posing for Playboy and hosting a morning show for Playboy radio

37.
Love & Hip Hop: Hollywood
–
Love & Hip Hop, Hollywood is the third installment of the Love & Hip Hop reality television franchise. It premiered on September 15,2014 on VH1 and chronicles the lives of people in the Hollywood area. On August 4,2016, VH1 announced the return for a third season. Note, Teairra Marí A R&B/pop singer and actress, Marí, full name Teairra Marí Thomas, was born and raised in Detroit. She gained fame at the age of 17 when she signed to Def Jam Recordings under the mentorship of Jay Z, the series chronicles her attempts to revive her music career after a series of personal struggles. The first season explores her feelings for her ex-boyfriend Ray J, igniting a vicious feud with Rays girlfriend. The third season focuses her legal issues, including her being charged with battery, mari previously appeared in a supporting role on the second season of Love & Hip Hop, New York. Moniece Slaughter The mother of Lil Fizzs son, Kamron, Slaughter, also known as Kali, is an aspiring singer and songwriter, best known for singing the theme song for Americas Next Top Model. The series chronicles her mental and emotional turmoils and her struggles to shake off her deadbeat mom reputation, the second season documents her relationship with Rich Dollaz, which includes a brief engagement before they break up in the finale. At the third season reunion, she reveals her bisexuality and her plans to have a child with her girlfriend. Additionally, she appeared in a supporting role on Love & Hip Hop. Ray J A R&B singer, actor and record producer and he was in an on-again, off-again relationship with Teairra for nine years, and at the first season reunion admits to previous flings with Moniece and Hazel. The series chronicles his turbulent relationship with model Princess Love, who he marries in the seasons finale. The first season focuses on his anger management problems and legal issues, including his 2014 arrest for vandalism, Lil Fizz A rapper, singer and actor. Fizz, real name Dreux Pierre Frédéric, is a member of the group B2K. The series focuses on his life, including his struggles with his baby mama Moniece and his romantic dalliances with Amanda, Nikki. Nikki Mudarris A socialite and strip club owner, Mudarris, full name Nicole Mudarris and also known as Miss Nikki Baby, is of Moroccan and Lebanese descent. The first season chronicles her relationship with Mally Mall and her blossoming romance with Lil Fizz

38.
Love & Hip Hop: New York
–
Love & Hip Hop, New York is the original installment of the Love & Hip Hop reality television franchise on VH1. The series premiered on March 6,2011, and chronicles the lives of people in New York City involved with hip hop music. Its success has produced the spin-offs Love & Hip Hop, Atlanta, Chrissy & Mr. Jones, Love & Hip Hop, Hollywood, K. Michelle, My Life, Stevie J & Joseline, Go Hollywood and Leave It To Stevie. On October 31,2016, VH1 announced the return for a seventh season. Note, Kimbella Vanderhee The mother of Juelz Santanas children, Juelz Jr. and she also has a son, Leandro, from a previous relationship. Vanderhee, real name Kimberly Vanderhee, is an urban model. In the second season, she admits to having sex with Fabolous while Emily was pregnant with his child, after getting into an ugly brawl with Erica Mena and becoming pregnant with Juelz second child, she left the show. She returned as Yandys close friend and confidant in guest appearances during the third and fifth seasons, Yandy Smith-Harris A entertainment manager and entrepreneur. Smith, full name Yandielle Unique Smith, is the wife of Mendeecees Harris and she is the mother of Omere and Skylar, and the stepmother of Lil Mendeecees and Aasim. The second season documents her dramatic falling out with rapper Jim Jones, subsequent seasons focus on her family struggles, including Mendeecees legal dramas and her difficulties co-parenting with his baby mamas Samantha and Erika. In the seventh season, she reveals that her wedding ceremony was symbolic and she, Mariahlynn, full name Mariahlynn Jacoby-Araujo, was born and raised in Jersey City and endured a rough childhood within the foster case system. She is of Puerto Rican and Italian ethnicity, the sixth season chronicles her flings with Cisco Rosado and Rich Dollaz and her struggles with her mother, who suffers from substance abuse issues. She reveals her bisexuality at the seventh season reunion, Remy Ma A Grammy Award-nominated rapper. Ma, real name Reminisce Smith Mackie, is the wife of Papoose and they renew their vows in an official ceremony in the sixth seasons finale. She has a son, Jace, from a previous relationship, the series chronicles her return to the music industry after a six-year stint in jail. Bianca Bonnie An aspiring rapper under Yandys management, Bonnie, birth name Bianca Dupree and also known as Young B, Bonnie Banks and BiBi, was born and raised in Harlem. She is best known for the hit single Chicken Noodle Soup, the sixth season documents her return to the music industry after some personal struggles. She wins DJ Selfs Gwinin Fest XL, beating Mariahlynn and rivals BBOD and she pursues a romance with DJ Drewski in season seven, igniting a feud with his girlfriend Sky

Scottsdale (O'odham: Vaṣai S-vaṣonĭ; Yaqui: Eskatel) is a city in the eastern part of Maricopa County, Arizona, …

Downtown Scottsdale Waterfront

First schoolhouse in Scottsdale

Jokake Inn, Scottsdale

Scottsdale Spire, located in the southeast corner of Bell and Scottsdale Avenues in Scottsdale, was an Arizona State Capital Project designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. Its construction began in 1957, but due to Wright's death, it was not until 2007 that it was adopted and finished by the Taliesin Associated Architects.