fuel- and energy-related activities for upstream transportation and distribution

4.9

4.4

4.4

We also report emissions from fuel- and energy-related activities for upstream transportation and distribution to fulfill the requirements of the EN 16258 standard and offset the imbalance between our own and subcontracted transports.

Includes emissions from business travel via airplane. Emissions from business travel via company car are included in our scopes 1 and 2. Emissions from business travel via bus, train, and private/rental cars are not reported due to insufficient data quality and coverage.

Emissions data from our main travel agencies extrapolated to reach full coverage of our business travel

Employee commuting

0.5

0.7

0.7

Includes emissions from employee commuting in vehicles not already included in scopes 1 and 2.

Data calculated using global headcount data and national statistics

Upstream leased assets

not applicable

not applicable

not applicable

Emissions from the operation of leased assets already included in scopes 1 and 2

Downstream transportation and distribution

not reported

not reported

not reported

All transportation services purchased by us are included in category 4. Transport services not purchased/controlled by us were estimated and excluded due to limited relevance.

Processing of sold products

not applicable

not applicable

not applicable

We do not offer intermediate products for further processing

Use of sold products

not applicable

not applicable

not applicable

Not applicable due to the nature of our business as a provider of services

End-of-life treatment of sold products

not reported

not reported

not reported

Of limited relevance due to the nature of our business

Downstream leased assets

not reported

not reported

not reported

Emissions in this category were estimated and excluded due to limited relevance

Franchises

not reported

not reported

not reported

Emissions in this category were estimated and excluded due to limited relevance

1 Emissions data covers our own aircraft and road vehicles only.; 2 Emissions of local air pollutants from road transport are calculated based on actual consumption data; calculations of emissions from air transport are based on route profiles. Emission factors published in the EMEP/EEA Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Guidebook (2013) as well those published by the US Environmental Protection Agency were applied.; 3 Adjusted