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SEKLY DEMOCRA
X. Q. GOULD, Publisher.
Devoted to the Interests of the Democratic Party, asd the Collection of Local and General News.
Two Dollars per Annum, in Adrance,
EATON, OHIO, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 4, 1873.
WHOLE NUMBER 345.
VOL. VII. NO. 7.
Eaton
TURKEY.
A THANKSGIVING ODE.
"With sunshine on his brawn breast,
When every feather is like a scale
On a glittering suit of knightly mail;
When his tail is spread, a splendid fan,
As he struts before his faithful clan.
With blue, bald head and threatening eye,
And wattles red as a stormy sky ?
With lofty step and war-ory loud
He marshals forth the quittering crowd,
Or leads their dance across the plain.
Or heads their march through waring grain.
Intent on plunder, red with pride,
like warrior not to be defied.
In all the pomp of battle drest
Then la the turkey handsomest !
When is the turkey handsomest?
When he is killed and plucked and dressed ;
His spurs hacked eff and thrown aside
With all the trappings of his pride,
Ee lies, a goodly shape of snow,
On stall or dresser, making show
Of swelling breast and rampant legs ;
Or. dangling from the larder's pegs.
Tens to the oook-maid's practiced eye
Bow fast the days are flitting by,
How soon appears the day of days,
The hmr of Turkey's reign and praise ;
There, hanging in his smooth white rest,
la not the turkey handsomest T
When la the turkey handsomest T
Ah I when again he shows his breast,
Brown with the suna-ne of the fire.
Crisp as a lady's silk attire.
With unctuous juices dripping down
In pools of- gravy rich and brown ;
Odorous aa any spicy air
That blows across an orchard fair,
His bosom swelled with savory meat
Of sausages and bread-orumbs sweet.
His pinions neatly skewered and tied
With giblets tucked in either aide ;
His legs resigned to any fate,
Bampant no more, but meekly straight ; -Beside
him cranberry, ruby clear,
With groves of brittle celery near ;
As stately as a king he lies,
The center of admiring eyes.
How la the turkey handsomest.
Arrayed baf oe the hungry guest,
Of all the viands first and best I
His life will lived, his woes at rest,
And the platter he lies on gayly dressed,
Kov is the turkey handsomest !
Our Tmrng Folks.
TWENTY YARDS OF THE LATE
PANIC.
This is not a discussion of the Woman
Question. Its confines are women's ex
travagance in dress on one hand, and
the higher education of women on the
other. The conservative reader need
not be deterred by any apprehension of
the suffrage plea ; and he or she who
sees the Woman Question radically
who constantly beholds in the remote
and impossible future a revolution un
doing nature and wiping out divine
statutes a revolution that is to demon
strate the superiority of a little class of
mad theorists -over God, and, hardly
less amazingly, "over Matter, such a
mind will not be indignant with an at
tempt to show that somewhat of radi
calism may - be urgently demanded, in
adjusting the privileges of women to the
rights of men. . ,
Ministers do not often say very sensi
ble -things on practical subjects. There
is no time and little room for robust,
vigorous and trenchant thought in
speculative - theology, "that : includes
banking and stock speculations. In
handling the late panic, the evangelical
pulpits issued from their legal tender
reserve a curious sort of currency, with
a scripture text in its face, its back
green, intended to be the religious les
son on the causes, the nature, and the
consequences of financial tempests.
The spectacle they presented may be
illustrated by an imaginary parallel. . If
a convention of gamblers held an active
professional convention in the Chicago
Exposition building, and that beautiful
structure were to tremble and totter and
fall, burying the multitude of criminals
in its ruins, the ministers should pro
ceed to make sermons on the principles
of architecture, taking for their text the
psalm verse: "JVisi Dominus edifl
caverit domum, in vano laboraverunt
qui edificant eatrL" 'Unless the Iiord
build the house, in vain do the con-
tractors worry. The reverend speakers
should enlarge then on the universality
of architecture civil, military and naval
on the tendency of mankind to live
in simple truth, to live in' houses ; and
the various kinds of these, their cost,
with and without basements, the appro
priate furnishings, the harmony to be
observed between carpets and frescoes,
and the unity of the upholstery with the
style of the exterior, including the pat
tern of the fence-pickets ; all this should
be detailed, with the dignity and force
inseparable from the office of a modern
apostle. The more learned might enter
into a succinct history of architecture.
There were the pyramids of Egypt and
of Mexico, the cairns of Britain. Fol
lowing: these, perhaps ootemporaneous
with them, the Druidical temples, the
dolmens of Brittany, the fortifications
- of Mvcense. and the mounds of Arizona
and Central America. Then the simple
Doric pillar, and the multiform varieties
of styles with which imagination and
luxury have adorned religion and beau
tified the public places and the woods
the distinctions being properly noted
among entablatures, colonnades, cor
nices and capitals. This could be am-
, plifled sufficiently to occupy all but the
final five minutes of the discourse ; and
the word of God might be alluded to
with gloves on during this finale. The
sin of gambling should form no portion
whatever of the - discourse, precisely as
tho sins which induced the panic, and
the direct lesson of simplicity of life to
be derived from its consequences, formed
no part of the discourses of these rever
end gentlemen on . that very recent
event.
One of this class was exceptional- in
what he said. He walked through his
Sundav school, reflecting -on the panic,
and observed that the children were at
tired in satins and laces and silks ; and
he uttered in his sermon the reflection
that -this observation gave: "These
children are taught nothing of the vir
tue of Belf-deniaL" The little girls whom
he saw before him are to be the young
ladies, the wives, the mothers of his
church ; gaudy milliners miniatures of
all the Sunday schools are to be become
the women of all the churches while
these churches last. Few of them have
the faintest perception of the virtue of
self-denial.
Jav Cooke himself will not dissuade
ns that self-denial is at the bottom of
the panic. No need of financial permu
tations to prove this. Every man knows
it in his own breast ; every woman in
hers. Extravagance caused the panic.
Women's extravagance bears a large
portion of the responsibility, and men
are ready enough -to tell their wives so
and fathers and mothers to tell their
daughters. Let those who cry out
now that the roof has fallen ask them
selves whether this extravagance of wo
men is not an effect instead of a cause.
Are not women just what men have
made them ?
They are.
Women attire themselves gorgeously
because men demand that they shall do
so. This demand does not consist of
an injunction to spend money. It comes
upon women in the requirements of so
ciety, in the obligations of tradition, in
the necessities of sex. The modifica
tions of fashions are as irresistible by
women, as that sex is now socially
placed, as the incoming tide is irresisti
ble by the sand on the beach. Men
make the fashions ; men manufacture j
them ; men indorse their patronage and
purchase after manufacture ; and the
great bulk of men not engaged in evolv
ing bonnet-frames and cutting dresses
and shipping the models and the new
materials to the four corners of the uni
verse, are as abjectly slavish to women's
adoption of the new caprices as are wo
men themselves.
The men who contrive fashions desire
merely to make money. The men
whose united opinion compels women
to patronize their contrivances, are
aware that each succeeding season ne
cessitates the spending of more money
than common sense approves, or the
profit's of the year's business justify ;
yet the majority of these men will spend
the money, for two reasons :
1. Because they want their wives and I
daughters to look as well as other men's
wives and daughters.
2. Because they know that, as society
is constituted, the majority of women
hold their rank solely by the expendi
ture of money. Men have made so
ciety. " Halt, now !" cries the indignant
father ; "let us unmake society." "Very
well, let us. How? Time cannot be
annihilated. Women must have occu
pation as well as men. There are
. . i -I,
twenty-iour nours ior ner, as wen as lur
the sex whom .a kind Providence and
society permit to be daily employed in
active, honorable work work that sat
isfies the brain, that fills the mind to
repletion, and keeps the faculties and
the hands busy. Suppose men did not
work during the day, what is to prevent
them from becoming the frivolous,
fashionable fools that idle, uneducated
women are ? We halt again ! Women
should not be idle ; need not be unedu
cated. Very true. But men are re
sponsible for the idleness ; and they
have insisted on the uneducation. Men
have had the mold in their hands since
the creation. God made men, and men
have made the mold and women. It is,
as Milton said, "He, for God only ; she,
for God in him ;" and quoted the Scrip
tures : " Man is the image ana glory
of God ; she is the glory of the man
if she be any glory unto him.
The idleness ana uneducation 01
women are directly the result of a sex
policy ; that policy, begun by men ;
handed down, maintained ana per
sisted in by men. They have com
pelled her to be idle ; they have refused
her education. If she work, they frown,
and cast her out of God help us I"
ont of " society 1" . If Bhe seek for
higher education, they turn the key in
the college gate, ana one jr resiuent
says, " You are not strong enough ;"
and another writes, " Education would
unfit you to be wives and mothers " -as
if mothers' ignorance' were an essential
auahtv in milk lor babes 1 Ana another
gravely argues that it is a violation of
religion, as if God's religion for woman
includes faith only, and he shall ad
mit her to salvation in proportion as
she shall lack reason 1 The time is
that women cry out against the uned
ucation and the idleness which men
have imposed upon the sex by ordi
nance. The time is that panio comes
and men trace it to woman's extrava
gance, and trace that extravagance to
idleness and uneducation, and men re
proach women for that vice and this
fault. But who is responsible? There
is not active work for all women to
do : it is. not desirable or necessary
that all young women should go out into
the world and work.
Now, we halt again. All young men
do not go into the world and work.
What is done with a son who does not
need to go into employment at sixteen
He is sent to college. What is done
with a daughter at the same time ? She
is sent into society ! A young woman s
ndncation is completed just wnen a
vonnar man's begins ! The young men
raime nome mentally roDusi, mwueci-
nallv arrocrant. " They patronize their
sisters, and other young men's sisters,
They are certain women are unaoie to
bear the labor of college education.
Thev are convinced that higher educa
tion for women is against the spirit of
Christianity ! They laugh at women's
weaknesses ; they sneer at intellectual
inferiority : they denounce her extrava-
- -1 1 1 - i .
crance in ureses vt ii o .lubibixuk jh ,
and they publujly insult and defame the
few ultra women who dare tell these un
deniable truths on stolen rostrums ; and
whose lives, upright, eelf-sacrincing,
honorable, and pure as the snow falling
from heaven are living ana eloquent il
lustrations that women need not be idle,
may not be uneducated. While the sons
have been away at college, acquiring the
dogmatism of sex, amid the rest of their
learning, what have the daughters been
doing ? What men demand of them
learniner the profession of extravagance.
makinsr of themselves birds of plumage,
with a proper regard to keeping their
throats closed, because the voices of
women are offensive to man's public ear.
All the birds applaud, the peacock's
plumes, but they unite in a request that
the lovely creature remain silent.
The proposition that women have
nothing to say worth saying, is proved
bv prohibiting her from saving any
thing. The proposition that she is not
capable of college training is demon
strated bv keeping her out of college.
The proposition that she is inferior to
man intellectually, is established by
throwing a challenge in her face, and
then refusing to choose weapons or ap
point a place of meeting. ' It comes
to this : having by force taken posses
sion of the means of education, men
turn to cast shame on women that they
are left outside, says the Westminster
Mevtew.
The late panic is a practical and
pointed discourse on this question of
better education for girls. Men have
the issue in their own hands. Shall
young ladies be passed through the society-gate
into the domain of personal
extravagance which has done its great
work in producing the panic, and be
confined in the curriculum of useless
ness, of dissipation, of money-spending,
of novel-reading, of bonnet
studying, of contemptible worthless
ness for men's wives, and mothers of
children who will not be born with sil
ver spoons in their mouths ? Or shall
the years from sixteen to twenty-inree
and four be devoted to school work, to
science, language and literature ; to
mathematics, which make a woman
practical and teach her to count pen
nies ; to music and the arts, which ren
der her agreeable and graceful ; to lit
erature, whose beneficence will so sur
round her later life that she will not
waste unnecessary time on dress mak
ers and novel factors. Shall a young
girl be made an educated, useful woman,
or a frivolous, extravagant woman?
Shall she be brought up to thought! ul
ness and modesty and self-denial, or
will fathers persist in making a walking
show-window of her, to her ruin and
his?
The question of expense cannot be
raised. It will cost one-fourth the sum
to send a girl to school, from sixteen to
twenty-three, that dresses a young lady
in society during that time. The ques
tion of marriage is not pertinent.
American women are not ready to be
married under twenty-five. It is non
sense to say that she should be learning
housekeeping. There is nothing in do
mestic work that an educated woman
will not learn in a month. The ques
tion of religion retires, blushing.
Science is pure ana holy ; society is
not. Class recitations are better than
balls, and philosophy is more modest
than flirting. The question of health
is settled. Study, properly conducted,
is invigorating and delightful ; are the
dissipations of young ladies' fashionable
life?
When they have finished these years
of study, what then? Marriage, for
those that are to be married. Will
they make inferior wives because they
- ... .1 , - 1 - 1 . i
are educated, nonoraDie, mgn-mmueu,
tender and loving ? Because they
have spent the young , years of their
womanhood in study, instead of in ex
travagance of dress, in intellectual de
velopment and strengthening of body
instead ol in a waste oi mina ana
heart and body. Will not gentle,
strong, and intelligent women bring
forth stronger, fairer, and brighter
children than they whose heads are
without thought, whose hearts are self
ish from frivolity and gratification ;
whose physical strength has been wasted
away ; or -they whose heads are thick,
and whose tongues are coarse and
whose hands are heavy with the brutal
ity of ignorance ? What is there about
the intelligence and nobility and
strength and devotion of man that is
not true about the intelligence and love
and fidelity of woman ?
Teaching, and the other proiessionB,
trades and occupations, for those who
do not marry. All women are not caiiea
to the marriage state. This is on no
less respected an authority than St.
PauL Nor does he relegate to the con
vent those who do not marry. The
wants of. the world to be best filled by
unmarried women are not limited to the
convents. There is a pressing need of
educated women for heads of estab
lishments in which large numbers of
young girls are employed. Educated
women only can secure these places, and
the safety of thousands of their sex will
scon be dependent upon the accomplish
ment of this necessary change, umy
few women will sro into the professions
but it is their right. " .Woman s worK
is circumscribed by her physical powers;
man's is not. Therefore, in all things
a woman can do as well as a man (and,
of course, in all those which she can do
better) the preference should be given
to her," says the uatnoitc vvoria, an
excellent authority, also.
Forty yards makes a young woman s
dress for the parlor now. Twenty would
answer quite as well, if men agreed to
think so, and young women's minds
were so sufficiently occupied with bet
ter thought that they will not have time
to put on twenty yards more. Good
taste would be benefited by the change :
so would the finances of the country.
Maraaret F. Buchanan, in Lakeside
Monthly.
Cut This Out.
Every person should understand how
to treat a flesh wound, because one is
liable to be placed in circumstances,
awav from surgical and veterinary aid,
where he may save his own life, the life
of a friend or of a beast, simply by the
exercise of a little common sense, in
the first place, close the lips of the
wound with the hand, and hold them
firmly together to check the flow of
blood until several stitches can De taken
and a bandage applied. Then bathe the
wound for a long time in cold water,
"Should it be painful, a correspondent
says, ".take a panful of burning'coals
and sprinkle upon them common brown
sugar, and hold the wounaea part in
the smoke. In a few minutes the pain
will be allayed, and recovery proceeds
rapidly. In my case a rusty nail had
made a bad wound in my foot. The
pain and nervous irritation were severe,
This was all removed by holding it in
smoke for fifteen minutes, and I was
able to resume my reading in comfort,
We have often recommended it to oth
ers, with like reswlts. Last week one
of my men had a finger-nail torn out by
a pair of ice-tongs. J.t became very
painful, as was to have been expected.
Held in sugar smoke for twenty min
utes, the pain ceased and promised
speedy recovery. "
A circumstance without parallel in
the military history of this country is
recorded in Illinois. H. M. WheeJer,
of Schuyler county, in that State, en
listed in the United States army under
Gen. Lyon in 1861, was wounded, cap
tured, and paroled; but by some strange
oversight was never discharged from
service until a few days ar o, when the
proper papers were made out, and his
back pay and pension amounting to
near 84,000 were paid him, New
York Sun.
Miscellaneous Paragraphs.
The annual catch of codfish is valued
at $15,000,000,
The Modoc glory cost the Govern
ment $3,000,000.
Ben Wood won $50,000 on the result
of the Ohio election.
Gen. Bubnstde hankers after
Sprague's Senatorial mantle.
The time for building fires with kero
sene has about come around.
Thebe are sixteen American sculp
tors in Borne and eleven in Florence.
The Hon. Alexander Mackenzie, the I
new Canadian Premier, began life as a
stone mason.
Rhode Island is the richest territory,
in proportion to its squafs miles, on the
face of the whole earth.
The Swiss are said to be beating both
the French and English manufacturers
in the silk ribbon trade.
A PBOJECT is under consideration by
the French Geographical Society for
turning the water of the Mediterranean
into the Desert of Sahara, and making
it a great inland sea.
A Vermont woman: who recently fol
lowed the remains of her irregular hus
band to the grave, remarked that she
had one consolation, she knew now
where he slept nights.
Mrs. EiiiiEN Ttjfieb, who is called
the Bee Queen of Iowa, is considered
the best living authority on everything
relating to breeding nd hiving bees,
their habits and diseases.
The lumbering business of Minnesota
much affected by the depression.
Only 913 men go into the woods this
winter, against 1,675 men sent last win
ter by the same number of men.
The workingmeh of Detroit have
matured a plan for forming ward or
ganizations, with a central committee
for . the purpose of securing employ
ment and relief for each other during
the coming winter.
It is stated that during the year end
ing August 31, there were thirteen hun
dred railroad accidents in this country,
resulting in the death of three hundred
and forty-one persons and injuring four
teen hundred and ten.
Ink is one of the things in which
modern science seems to have made very
little improvement. An analysis of the
ink found on a manuscript ef the year
910 showed that its composition was
similar to that of the inks now in gen
eral use.
An electrical apparatus has lately
been invented to signal the entry of
water by leakage into tho holds of ves
sels. When the water enters it estab
lishes a current, and a communication
is thus set in operation which gives no
tice to the officers on deck.
When different colors are mixed to
gether the result is not the destruction
of any of the coloring elements
or their chemical combination. The
microscope shows that the particles of
each of the colors entering into the mix
ture remain entirely separate and un
changed.
An Enerlish veterinarian adduces
facts to show that rabies or canine mad
ness is very rare in extreme southern
temperatures, while it is of frequent
occurrence in-the temperate zone. The
disease is less frequent in Spain and
southern Italy than in other European
countries.
Vabiotjs practical experiments in the
domestic Bcience will be tnea soon, now
that the cold weather is coming on.
The refraction of tire early sun's rays
can be studied by those who are obliged
to get up early ; ana interesting iacts
concerning the effect of friction on
matches, and heat on coal and wood.
may be gleaned by those whose duty it
is to light the nre.
Bent universal rent is the cancer
that eats out the vitals of Ireland. Be
fore the famine year, the rents paid by
1,000,000 of farmers aggregated
000.000 to $50,000,000. Six hundred
thousand farmers now pay an aggre
gate of nearly $90,000,000 ; and the
townspeople pay $10,000,000 more
making one hundred millions a year of
rent drained out of this island and spent
in Great Britain.
A Fbenoh savant has been experi
menting upon himself not however in
the interests of science to decide
whether tobacco is injurious to the
mental faculties. While he was a user
of tobacco he observed a rapid decay in
the faculty of memory ; and af tr six
years of resolute abstinence from the
use of the weed in any form he enthusi
astically declares that he has experi
enced a veritable resurrecfeon of health,
mind, and memory. '
Cube fob a Felon. As soon as dis
covered, take some spirits of turpentine
in a cup, dip the finger in it, and then
hold the hand near a not nre tin ary
then dip it in again and repeat lor fif
teen minutes, or until the pain ceases.
The next day, with a sharp knife, pare
off the thick skin and you will find some
thing like a honeycomb filled with clear
water ; open the cells and the felon is
cone.. If the felon is .too far advanced
for turpentine, oil of origanum, treated
in the same way, will cure. If too far
advanced for either to cure, the felon
will still be benefited, or it will be less
painful. IN ever draw it.
A Tiny Engine. The smallest en
gine in the world is now in possession
of John Penn. of Greenwich, Jmgland,
the eminent maker of great engines. It
will stand on a three-penny piece :
really covers less space, for its base
plate measures only three-eights of an
inch by three-tenths. So small are some
of the parts that they require a power
ful magnifying glass to see their form.
The whole weight of the model is less
than a three-penny piece. It works ad
mirably, and when working, its crank
shaft performs from twenty to thirty
thousand revolutions in a minute.
A Tebre Haute (lnd.) woman held
burglar by the whiskers until a police
man came to tne rescue.
POSTAL AFFAIRS.
Synopsis or the Report of the PoitmM-
ter-Generml Jk. Flan lor tne mpsy-ment
of Newtpaper Postage The Pro
posed Postal Savings Banks and Tele-
caph.
is of the annual re
;
a
'he f a synopsis
port of Postmaster-General CreBwell :
The ordinary revenues of this Department
for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1873, were
(22,906,741, and the expenditures of all kinds
$29,084,945. For the year ended June 30,
1872, the ordinary revenues were $21,915,426,
and the expenditures $26,658,192. In 1873
there was an increase of revenue over 1872 of
$1,081,313, or 4.93 per cent., and an increase
of expenditures of $2,426,753, or.9.1 per cent.
A comparison of 1873 with 1871 shows an in
crease in the revenues of $2,959,696, or 14.42
per cent , and an Increase of expenditures of
$4,694,841, or 19.24 per cent. The increase of
stamps, stamped envelopes, etc., issued over
the last fiscal year is $1,329,000. There has
been a gain during the year on through-time
mails between New York and San Francisco of
two days going westward, and one day going
eastward. Gains on the other great through
lines have been proportionate. The number
of railway postoffice lines in operation is
fifty-nine, extending over 15,000 miles of road.
With this report ends the first deeade of the
free delivery service in this country. The
grounds relied upon for its establishment and
extension, namely, public convenience and a
stimulus to correspondence, have been fully
verified by experience. Thus far this system.
-withitB letter boxes located at convenient
places throughout the large postal cities, and
its frequent deliveries and collections of mail
matter by carriers, has proved to be a virtual
extension of the postomce to every house.
The transaction of the postal business of large
communities by a few men selected for the
purpose is justified in an economic point of
view by time saved to the people, the reduc
tion of labor in postoffices, the facilities and
the stimulus given to correspondence, and the
frequency, promptness, and accuracy secured
in the delivery of letters, and the reduction of
the number oi advertised ana aeaa letters.
While these benefits are most strikingly seen
in the larger cities, they are felt and approved
in all places where frequency of the mails,
density of population, and distance from the
omce make it inconvenient ior citizens to can
send for their mail. The average or
population to each carrier vanes with the
number or people to do served, tne extent
of territory, and frequency of deliv
eries. The general average, however, is esti
mated at 3,690. The expense of the system at
each office is paid out of the revenue of that
office. It seems but fair, therefore, that this
mode of delivery should be extended to all
cities where the population, business, extent
of territory, and frequency of mails may au
thorize the requisite force and outlay. Just
how these elements may combine to warrant
the extension of the system it is dimcuit to de
termine, but I am of the opinion that it might
advantageously be provided for cities having
in their corporate limits a population of not
less than 10.000.
The total number of officers and employes
of the department is 47,000, of whom 31, 8W
are postmasters.
Money order transactions show an increase
of over $9,000,000, or an increase of 18.55 per
cent. More than 100,000,000 of postal cards
will be issued during the first year.
The several acts for the repeal of the frank
ing privilege came in operation on the 1st of
jtny last, xne results oi uw mot 4uuwi ui
the current year are highly satisfactory, and
have fully verified the predictions of the
f rienda of reoeal. The confusion and delay
in the distribution and transmission of the
mails, caused by the sudden throwing, witnout
notice or system, of immense masses of free
matter on important postal route, uo
been remedied, thus making it possible to
effect a decided improvement in the or
ganization and practical wonting or tne
service. The increase in all issues for the
nin irln nnarter followine the abolition of frank
ing was $1,635,554, or 351 per cent. The large
increase of receipts is derived altogether from
eaneral and departmental matter, and from
Dostal cards. Publications of a class hereto
fore nrinted and sent out by order of Con
gress have been almost entirely cut off since
the 1st of July." Of the relief this afforded
some idea may be formed irom tne iact mat
durine the three months next preceding that
day there were forwarded from thiB city over
a single route on the Baltimore and Ohio rail
w.v in box cars, independently of the amount
conveyed in regular mail cars, 665,504 pounds
of such publications, as appears irom returns
of actual weights thereof, taken by the cora
mnv with the permission of the department.
These facts, it IS respeotioiiy euuiiiitteu, mo
ample to sustain our opinion given in the
special report to Congress, under date of Jan.
12, 1871. The cost of this free matter charged
with the regular rates of postage would amount
to $2,643,327.72 annually, and it is hoped this
fact will be deemed sufficient to prevent any
attempt to revive an abuse which would im
pose most grievous Duroens upon mo
service at a time when that service is strag-
erluie to meet the erowmK wants of the coun
try in its course of unparalled development.
I respectfully submit the following plan for
the prepayment of newspapers of the second
class, and respectfully urge its adoption : Let
all publishers, or tneir ousiness huuibkoiti ui
agents, be required at the beginning of every
quarter to state under oath that, after dilligent
inquiry, thev are satisfied that they will send
in the mails to regular subscribers during the
coming quarter not more than copies of
tne newspaper Known as iuo v.K',lu6
thannmher of conies and the name of the
newspaper); and let them be further required
to pay m advance tne postage preocnueu ujr
law, and asking them for duplicate receipts,
one -of which shall be transmitted to the Postomce
Department ; and to afford a reasonable
opportunity lor an increase oi circulation u til
ing the quarter, let the oath taken at the be
ginning of the next quarter embrace all the ad
riit.inn&l conies for the last quarter as well as
the number to be sent during tne men com
mencing quarter. On the other nand, let
Postmasters be required to return, within two
weens alter me oegiumug ui ormj hum,
correct lists of all the newspapers addressed
to regular subscribers and dispatcned in tne
mails from their respective offices, stating the
number of copie of each newspaper, average
weight per paper, number of issues per weeK,
and tne amount oi rauuey pm
postage therefor. Payment having been
made in advance for the quarter, no
stamp on manipulation would be
needed, but when received into the office every
niTutr Rrmwerincr to the description eiven
trie receipts would oe trsateu aa uttiu.
: . . i x.j- Tj rnu
nnmra nf rternons subscribine after quarter-
day would be forwarded immediately, and paid
for at the beuinniuL' of the next Quarter. Bo
marked would be the improvement in the col
lections uuder this law that I believe the de
partment could safely consent, in case of its
firinrttinn. to a reduction in newspaper xtttoo
40 per-cent. on the present price. At the re
duced rate, I am satisfied the department
would realize more revenue than now. I also
believe that, so great would be the Baying
labor to newspaper proprietors, in the prepa
ration of their papers for the mail, and so de
cided the dispatch and the freedom from mis
takes in transmission and delivery that they
would find the new plan more advantageous
tham than the present one. A similur plan
could be adopted for magazines and periodi
cals of the secend class.
The remainder of the report is devoted
a long and elaborate discussion and advocacy
of a system of postofBce savings banks, and
to a renewal of Mr. Creswell's former recom
mendation for the establishment oi a postal
telegraph.
The Postmaster-General, at some lengtli.
recommends Postal Savings Depositories
Throughout the plan for their organiza
tion nl workings two ideas predominate
First, the United States is to insure the safe
return of principal and interest wnen
ever demanded ; and second, the ex-
machinery of the postomco
to be used to bring its advantages home
the prrat mass of the people. Such a system
wnmrl not onlv encouoasje economy and
Vi.vita of Ravine on the part of all who migli
in a way of e.iriiinc small sums of money,
but would tend largely to utilize and keep
circulation the immense amounts which are
paid out for wages and in business, and give
every depositor a direct interest in the stabil
ity of the Government.
The Postmaster-General again urges the as
sumption by the Government of the control of
telnirra.pha. A Government postal telegraph
is the only means by which the full benefit of
this great invention can be secured, for wher
ever the telegraph is under Government man
agement, it is operated at its minimum cost,
and people receive the benefit in low rates of
transmission and greatly extended facilities.
The telegraph should be made a part of the
postal system without further delay. As Con-
fress does net seem inclined to exercise the
iscretion given in the third section of the act
of July 24, 1866, to appoint appraisers to value
lines, property and enects oi tne companion
now in operation, and as the Western Union
Company appears to be unwilling to make vol
untary raIa &t a fair price, the Postmaster-
General recommends that provision be made
by law for the immediate establishment of the
postal telegraph, and for the construction of
all Rnch lines aa mav be needed, under the di
rection of competent officers of the Engineer
Corps of the army, xne experience tney ac
quired during the war of the rebellion would
enable tnem to do tne wont in a most econom
ical and satisfactory manner.
Internal Revenue Report.
The report of the Commissioner of Internal
Revenue shows that the aggregate receipts
from all sources for the year ending with J nne
last, exclusive of the direct tax upon lauds
and tne duty upon tne capital, circuiatiuu uu
deposits of National Banks, were $114,075,456.
The amount includes sums refunded' and
allowed on drawbacks. The total amount on
drawbacks was $52,346. On spirits, tobacco,
and general merchandise there were refunded
for taxes illegally assessed and collected,
$618,667. The receipts from the several
sources relating to distilled spurts were for
the year 1872, $49,475,616j for 1873, $52,099,
371. Increase in the receipts from the gallon
tax on distilled spirits, $10,013,276; from the
special tax on rectifiers and dealers in liquors,
$1,094,264. .
A part of this increase was, however, onset
by the Iobb of nearly $400,000 during the last
year, by the reduction of the value of stamps
for spirits other than tax-paid stamps, from
25 cents to 10 cents each, and by the further
loss of a little over $8,000,000 by the repeal of
certain acts relating to spirits, leaving a balance
of more than $2,500,ouu increase in receipts
frnm all annrmnn relatini? to spirits.
Tho nrndnr.tion of Rpirits during the fiscal
year ending June 80, 1873, was, from materials
otxier tnan xruit, oo,zoo,ooif uuio swiuno ,
total production from fruit,1 2,914,800. Tax
collected on spirits withdrawn from warehouse
during the fiseal year 1872, $32,457,235 ; during
the fiscal year 1873, $41,102,921; tax on spirits
withdrawn for export during the fiscal year
1873. $1,651,041. The tax received on imita
tion wines during the year ending June SO,
1873. was 3.551: on leimented uquors at x
per barrel, for tne years lovz ana ioio,
Total receipts from tobacco for the fiscal
u y Witt ann w hi i.nu resrjecuvoiy.
yar enrlino- June SO. 1873. were $34,386,303.
Compared with the total receipts for the fiscal
year ending June 30, 1872, there was a decrease
of collections on manufactured tobacco of all
descriptions of $1,172,917. There was an in-
rrAAftA in the total receipts from the manu-
factnm and sain of tobacco, snun and cicars.
in all their forms, over the receipts from the
same sources for the preceding fiscal year, of
$650,132. One hundred and sixteen millions
tnnr hnnrlmrl and fiftv thousand nine hundred
and thirty-four pounds are given as the actual
product of the year, so far as such products
have been reported, and showing an increase
nynr the annual production reported for
the preceding fiscal year of ,iu,ui
pounds. The number of cigars; cheroots,
1 .... ii .i .....
etc.. on wmca taxes were collector """ft
the fiscal year ending June 30. 1873, was
1,807,134,646, showing an excess over the num
ber reported for the preceding fiscal year of
279,328,674. There was an increase of o44,Obl
pounds oi exported touaccu uuimg mo uo
fiscal year. The aggregate receipts for the
last fisoal year exceeded the Commissioner's
oatimatn hy 4. 075. 456. It 'is estimated that
the total receipts for the current fiscal year
will be $100,000,000.
The plan adopted of abolishing the offices
of Assessors and Assistant Assessors reduced
expenses $1,062,827 lower than tne estimated
reduction unuer tne siguij-uuiiiui r""i
i ncA nnn k.n tha annrnnriations for
1873 under the old system. The estimates for
tne nscai yenr 101 wium "uw ouuwv
of $9,478, or $1,069,458 less than the appro-
pnation Ior tne nscai year ioio, aim i,ui,-
VMf, mh tnan eiia estimate lurio tuu tuo bikum-
district plan. The CkrnmiBsioner recommends
that Collectors' salaries be fixed at amounts
runrinvfrnm 2 BOO to S5.000.and Supervisors'
salaries at $4,uuu per annum, auu ieponto uo
nraaatinn Anntained in his report Nov. 21.
1871, that Bee. 44 of the act of July 20, 1868, be
amended by making the minimum penalty
smaller, such penalty being now a nne oi not
Iahh than 1.000. with not less than six
mnntha' tmnriannment. -
The Commissioner recommends legimatiuu
limiting the time to July 1, 1874, within
which documentary stamps, issued under
HxhAdnlA R nf a creater denomination than 2
cents mav be presented foriedemption. The
i Annrx cnnciuoeH witii mo bukkwhuu auo
the last annual report that the amendments
of June 6. 1872. to section 59, of the act of
Jnly 20, 1868, relating to special taxes of deal
ers in Uquors, should De maae more explicit.
The Men Who Have Held the Chief-
Justiceship.
[From the Washington Chronicle.]
ui
The renewed interest manifested in
the sumect oi ine appomimein. ui wio
Chief Justice of
tne oupreme youn yi
the United States has induced us to
nrint in the form of a table, which will
be found below, a complete list of all
t.Vi Chief Justices which have Hereto
fore been appointed, the State of their
TBairip.nriB. and their aere when appoint
ed, by whom appointed, the periods of
service, the dates oi pinn aim ueutu ui
nrh and acre at time of death.
i rom tnis taDie it win uo nccu umu
. . . . ,1 i -11 1 4.1(-
all of the Presidents who have heretofore,
been rcauired to perform the re
sponsible duty of selecting jurists for
this exaitea position, viz.; YTBDiniijs
ton, Adams, Jackson and Lincoln, have
mnmirred in the selection of compara
tively vounsr men. No one of them had
ntisaed the meridian of a vigorous man
hood at the date of appointment. The
oldest. Kocrer B. Taney, was only 5t
veara old. Kutledcre and Chase were 56,
Marshall 4S. and Jay and Ellsworth
were but 44 each.
to
to
Nawk.
a
0 .K
John Jay, N.l
Y !
Washington
John But-
ledne.8. C.
Washington
Washington
1795- "96!l739;1800
Oliver Ells
1TO6-
worth, Ct.
1800 1752
1807
John Mar
shall. Vs..
Adams.
1801- -35,
I
1836- '64
1755
1777
46!
Boner B. Ta-.
nt-y, Md.. I Jackson.
Salmon P.
Chase, O . .. 1 Lincoln..
1863- "73
is
of
m
The farms in England are ten times
as large, on an average, as those
Ireland. There are only 200,000 ten
ant farmers in England, which contains
57,000 square miles ; while Ireland, with
only 32,000 square miles, lias 700,000
teniuit-furuiers.
YUBA DAM.
fTha fnllnwlnir yerse. ssys the Svirlt of the Time.
first published anonymously, have been generally
accredited to Bret Hurts, and we remMnber to have
seen an English review of a pirated edition of Bret
Harte published, we believe, by John Camden Hot
ton which called " Yubs Dam" the moot character
istic of Mr. Harte's productions. Without pro
nouncing upon the question, we think it right to
render unto Casar the things that are Us. The
verees were written by Col. Charles James, .formerly
Collector of San Fi ancisco, and one of Clif ornls's
most cultivated and respected citizens. We print
them from the author's MS.-: J
The sun was shimmering all the west
And gilding all the yellow main.
And tumbling shadows from the ores
Of gilded mountains to the plain.
As laboring up a wateroourse
A traveler pricked his weary horse ;
When all at once upon his. sight
Burst a fair village clean and bright.
He asked a miner whom he met
. If he could give its name. " You bet."
" Pray do, my friend, and do not sham."
The miner answered, " Yuba dam."
" Kind, gentle friend, do not abuse
My ignorance ; I cry a truce
To thy bold wit ; come, tell me true,
I would not ssk it if 1 knew,
But I, dear sir. a stranger am."
Quick roared the miner, " Yuba dam."
Disheartened, on the stranger pressed,
And overtook a mincing dame
With flaxen hair and silken vest,
And begged of her the village name.
8he ope'd her sweet lips like a clam,
And simpered guilely, " Yuba dam."
On tore the stranger, nearly wild,
And came upon an artless child ;
' She had a satchel on the arm,
While o'er her face stole many a charm.
" Where have you been?" the stranger said ;
The maid uplifted quick her head.
And answered, with the ready truth
And open frankness of her you,th,
" At school." " Who keeps it?" " Uncle Sam."
" What is this place, sweet 7" " Yuba dam."
" Alas !" he screamed, in frantic grief,
" Will no one come to my relief ;
Will no one tell me where I am ?"
The school-boys shouted, " Yuba dam ;"
And on the bridge, as he did slam,
The planks re-ecneed " Yuba dam."
" Perdition seize the place I" he cried,
A through its streets he swiftly hied ;
Yet ere he went to rest that night,
From something told him by a wight
He found that he himself had Bhammed,
And that the " Yuba" had been dammed. "
Humorous.
.
I
What mental -quality does
a dress
resemble ?
A YOTwe lady last week declined frost
ed oake, because she thought it might
give her cold.
A nTBiiio notice which must be a great
hardship to the birds abont town "No
bills allowed."
"While witnessing a game of base
ball out West a boy was struck on. the
back of his head, the bawl coming out
of his mouth.
Epitaph on a Locomotive. Collisions
four or five she bore ; the signals were in
vain ; grown old and rusted, her boiler
busted . and smashed the excursion
train. ...
A Frenchman thinks the English lan-.
guage is very tough. " Dare is 'look
out '"he says, "which is to put out
.. -. . i , i i -i.
your head ana see ; ana - iook out. wiucu
IS LO 11 (1 111 111 VUUX AltWU CtllU UUB XV WW
see just eontrairie."
Once upon a time," a man met an old
woman in an English town driving sev
eral asses. " Adieu, mother oi asses,
said he. " Adieu, my son 1" was the old
woman's reply. The fellow went on his
way, feeling for his ears.'
The first time the Abyssinians saw the
. . i
engines in a steam vessel iney were
struck with amazement, and said that
the English must be a very clever peo-
- r , . . , j-i j
nl a for they had caDturea the aevil ana
put im into an iron box and made him
qjjt
It may not be true, but it is said that
an Irishman afler he had seen the nu
merous hills and mountain ranges of
New Hampshire, exclaimed, " Bedad, I
never was in a country before where
they had so much land that they had to
stack it.
A febson complained to Dr. Franklin
of having been insulted by one who
called him a rascal. " What did you ,
call him ?" asked Franklin. " I called
him a rascal," was the ivsply. ' Well,"
said Franklin, " I guess you both spoke
the truth.
A Pennsylvania clergyman has made
a hit by introducing " personals" in his
prayers. For instance: " Lord have
mercy on John Shanahan, who keeps a
saloon near the old red Driage. jiiitutsr
lay him on a bed of sickness or have
him removed from this town."
A schoo:lb0T being requested to write f
mr,osition on the subject of "pins,
vl.i?mrl the followins : "Fins are
- - . Th have Baved tne
of a great many men, women and cnu-
- -, , i
dren in fact whole families.'- now
so ?" asked the puzzled teacher ; and the
boy replied, " Why, by not swallowing
them." This matches the story of the
other boy who denned salt as "the
stuff that makes potatoes taste Daa
when you don't put any on."
An Enormous Casting.
On Wednesday last, at Cold Spring,
considerable interest was excited by the
announcement that an enormous cannon
was to be cast at the foundry, which
would require thirty-three tons of molt
en iron for the rough casting, and which
was to weigh G0.4S0 pounds when fin
ished. A number of scientino gentle
men and interested spactators were
fathered to witness the work, but unf or-
tunately, when aoout nau oi tu mcwu
was safely conduited to the mold, the
weight and height of the column burst
the dox, and tne entire wuhjuw wrou.
The metal had to be drawn from the
furnaces and cast in the sand, that it
might be reheated for another trial.
The loss is variously estimated, some
placing it as high as $5,000.- -Pough-keepsie
(iV. Y.) Press.
81
of
Monster Cheeses. At a cheese fac
tory near Utica, N. Y., there have been
made this fall fourteen big cheeses,
weighing from 1,000 to 2,200 pounds.
The largest one is two feet high, and
four feet six inches across the top. The
TJtica Herald Bays it is "as large over
as a larcre millstone, and considerably
thicker. " In other words, it is as big as
a big stone. It took 21,000 pounds of
milk, and it weighs 2,200 pounds. It
requires a windlass to turn it over. This
cheese was made as a present to the
English friends of the donor. Cleveland
Herald.