5- If Thou bestowest,
Thou stainest not Thy bestowal with obligation,
and if Thou withholdest,
Thou withholdest not in transgression.

6- Thou showest gratitude to him who thanks Thee, while Thou hast inspired him to thank Thee.

7- Thou rewardest him who praises Thee,
while though Thou hast taught him Thy praise.

8- Thou coverest him whom, if Thou willed,
Thou wouldst expose,
and Thou art generous toward him from whom,
if Thou willed,Thou wouldst withhold.
Both are worthy of Thy exposure and withholding,
but Thou hast founded Thy acts upon gratuitous bounty,
channelled Thy power into forbearance,

9- received him who disobeyed Thee with clemency,
and disregarded him who intended wrongdoing against himself.
Thou awaitest their turning back without haste
and refrainest from rushing them toward repentance,
so that the perisher among them may not perish
because of Thee
and the wretched may not be wretched through
Thy favour,
but only after Thy prolonged excusing him
and successive arguments against him,
as an act of generosity through Thy pardon, O Generous,
and an act of kindliness through Thy tenderness, O Clement!

10- It is Thou who hast opened for Thy servants
a door to Thy pardon,
which Thou hast named 'repentance'.
Thou hast placed upon that door
a pointer from Thy revelation,
lest they stray from it:
Thou hast said (blessed are Thy names),Repent toward God with unswerving repentance!It may be that Thy Lord will acquit of your evil deedsand will admit you into gardensbeneath which rivers flow,

11- upon the day when God will not degrade the Prophetand those who have faith along with him,their light running before them and on their right hands,and they say: 'Our Lord, complete for us our light, and forgive us!Surely Thou art powerful over everything.'2
What is the excuse of him who remains heedless of entering that house
after the opening of the door
and the setting up of the pointer?

12. It is Thou who hast raised the price against Thyself to the advantage of Thy servants,
desiring their profit in their trade with Thee,
their triumph through reaching Thee,
and their increase on account of Thee,
for Thou hast said (blessed is Thy Name and high art Thou exalted),Whoso brings a good deed shall have ten the like of it, and whoso brings an evil deedshall only be recompensed the like of it.3

13- Thou hast said, The likeness of those who expend their wealth in the way of Godis as the likeness of a grain of cornthat sprouts seven ears,in every ear a hundred grains;so God multiplies unto whom He wills.4
Thou hast said, Who is he that will lend to God a good loan,and He will multiply it for him manifold?5
And Thou hast sent down in the Qur'an
similar verses on the multiplying of good deeds.

14- It is Thou who hast pointed them
through Thy speech from Thy Unseen
and Thy encouragement in which lies their good fortune toward that which
- hadst Thou covered it from them -
their eyes would not have perceived,
their ears would not have heard,
and their imaginations would not have grasped,
for Thou hast said, Remember Meand I will remember yoube thankful to Me,and be you not thankless towards Me!6
Thou hast said, If you are thankful,surely I will increase you,but if you are thankless,My chastisement is surely terrible;7

15- And Thou hast said, Supplicate Me and I will respond to you,surely those who wax too proud to worship Meshall enter Gehenna utterly abject.8
Hence Thou hast named supplicating Thee 'worship'
and refraining from it 'waxing proud',
and Thou hast threatened that the refraining from it
would yield entrance into Gehenna in utter abjection.

16- So they remember Thee for Thy kindness,
they thank Thee for Thy bounty,
they supplicate Thee by Thy command,
and they donate for Thee
in order to seek Thy increase;
in all this lies their deliverance from Thy wrath
and their triumph through Thy good pleasure.

17- Were any creature himself to direct another creature
to the like of that to which Thou Thyself hast directed Thy servants,
he would be described by beneficence,
qualified by kindness,
and praised by every tongue.
So to Thee belongs praise
as long as there is found a way to praise Thee
and as long as there remains for praising
words by which Thou may be praised
and meanings which may be spent in praise!

18- O He who shows Himself praiseworthy to His servants through beneficence and bounty,
flooding them with kindness and graciousness!
How much Thy favour has been spread about among us,
Thy kindness lavished upon us,
and Thy goodness singled out for us!

19- Thou hast guided us to
Thy religion which Thou hast chosen,
Thy creed with which Thou art pleased,
and Thy path which Thou hast made smooth,
and Thou hast shown us proximity to Thee
and arrival at Thy generosity!

20- O God,
among the choicest of those duties
and the most special of those obligations
Thou hast appointed the month of Ramadan,
which Thou hast singled out from other months,
chosen from among all periods and eras,
and preferred over all times of the year
through the Qur'an and the Light which Thou sent down within it,
the faith which Thou multiplied by means of it,
the fasting which Thou obligated therein,
the standing in prayer which Thou encouraged at its time,
and the Night of Decree which Thou magnified therein, the night which is better than a thousand months.9

21- Through it Thou hast preferred us over the other communities
and through its excellence Thou hast chosen us
to the exclusion of the people of the creeds.
We fasted by Thy command in its daylight,
we stood in prayer with Thy help in its night,
presenting ourselves by its fasting and its standing to the mercy which Thou hast held up before us,
and we found through it the means to Thy reward.
And Thou art full of what is sought from Thee,
munificent with what is asked of Thy bounty,
and near to him who strives for Thy nearness.

22- This month stood among us in a standing place of praise,
accompanied us with the companionship of one approved,
and profited us with the most excellent profit of the world's creatures.
Then it parted from us at the completion of its time,
the end of its term, and the fulfilment of its number.

23- So we bid farewell to it with the farewell of one whose parting pains us,
whose leaving fills us with gloom and loneliness,
and to whom we have come to owe
a safeguarded claim,
an observed inviolability,
and a discharged right.
We say: Peace be upon thee,
O greatest month of God!
O festival of His friends!

24- Peace be upon thee,
O most noble of accompanying times!
O best of months in days and hours!

25- Peace be upon thee,
month in which expectations come near
and good works are scattered about!

26- Peace be upon thee,
Comrade who is great in worth when found
and who torments through absence when lost,
anticipated friend whose parting gives pain!

27- Peace be upon thee, familiar
who brought comfort in coming, thus making happy,
who left loneliness in going, thus giving anguish!

28-Peace be upon thee, neighbour
in whom hearts became tender
and sins became few!

29- Peace be upon thee, helper
who aided against Satan,
companion
who made easy the paths of good-doing!

30- Peace be upon thee -
How many became freedmen of God within thee!
How happy those who observed the respect due to thee!

31- Peace be upon thee -
How many the sins thou erased!
How many the kinds of faults thou covered over!

32- Peace be upon thee -
How drawn out wert thou for the sinners!
How awesome wert thou in the hearts of the faithful!

33- Peace be upon thee,
month with which no days compete!

34- Peace be upon thee,
month which is peace in all affairs!

35- Peace be upon thee,
thou whose companionship is not disliked,
thou whose friendly mixing is not blamed!

36- Peace be upon thee,
just as thou hast entered upon us with blessings
and cleansed us of the defilement of offenses!

37- Peace be upon thee -
Thou art not bid farewell in annoyance
nor is thy fasting left in weariness!

38- Peace be upon thee,
object of seeking before thy time,
object of sorrow before thy passing!

39- Peace be upon thee -
How much evil was turned away from us through thee!
How much good flowed upon us because of thee!

40- Peace be upon thee
and upon the Night of Decree
which is better than a thousand months!10

41- Peace be upon thee -
How much we craved thee yesterday!
How intensely we shall yearn for thee tomorrow!

42- Peace be upon thee
and upon thy bounty which has now been made unlawful to us
and upon thy blessings gone by which have now been stripped away from us!

43- O God, we are the people of this month.
Through it Thou hast ennobled us
and given us success because of Thy kindness,
while the wretched are ignorant of its time.
Made unlawful to them is its bounty because of their wretchedness.

44- Thou art the patron of the knowledge of it by which Thou hast preferred us,
and its prescribed practices to which Thou hast guided us.
We have undertaken, through Thy giving success,
its fasting and its standing in prayer,
but with shortcomings,
and we have performed little of much.

45- O God, so to Thee belongs praise,
in admission of evil doing
and confession of negligence,
and to Thee belongs remorse firmly knitted in our hearts
and seeking of pardon sincerely uttered by our tongues.
Reward us, in spite of the neglect that befell us in this month,
with a reward through which we may reach the bounty desired from it
and win the varieties of its craved stores!

46- Make incumbent upon us Thy pardon
for our falling short of Thy right in this month
and make our lives which lie before us
reach the coming month of Ramadan!
Once Thou hast made us reach it,
help us perform the worship of which Thou art worthy,
cause us to undertake the obedience which Thou deservest,
and grant us righteous works that we may fulfil Thy right
in these two months of the months of time.11

47. O God,
as for the small and large sins
which we have committed in this our month,
the misdeeds into which we have fallen,
and the offenses which we have earned
purposefully or in forgetfulness,
wronging ourselves thereby or violating the respect due to others,
bless Muhammad and his Household,
cover us over with Thy covering,
pardon us through Thy pardoning,
place us not before the eyes of the gloaters because of that,
stretch not toward us the tongues of the defamers,
and employ us in that which will alleviate and expiate
whatever Thou disapprovest from us within it
through Thy clemency which does not run out,
and Thy bounty which does not diminish!

48. O God, bless Muhammad and his Household,
redress our being afflicted by our month,12
bless us in this day of our festival and our fast-breaking,
make it one of the best of days that have passed over us,
the greatest in attracting Thy pardon,
and the most effacing toward sins,
and forgive us our sins, both the concealed and the public!

49- O God, with the passing of this month
make us pass forth from our offenses,
with its departure make us depart from our evil deeds,
and appoint us thereby among its most felicitous people,
the most plentiful of them in portion,
and the fullest of them in share!

50- O God,
when any person observes this month as it should be observed,
safeguards its inviolability as it should be safeguarded,
attends to its bounds as they should be attended to,
fears its misdeeds as they should be feared,
or seeks nearness to Thee with any act of nearness-seeking
which makes incumbent upon him Thy good pleasure
and bends toward him Thy mercy,
give to us the like [of that]13 from Thy wealth
and bestow it upon us in multiples through Thy bounty,
for Thy bounty does not diminish,
Thy treasuries do not decrease but overflow,
the mines of Thy beneficence are not exhausted,
and Thy bestowal is the bestowal full of delight!

51- O God, bless Muhammad and his Household
and write for us the like of the wages of him who fasted in it
or worshipped Thee within it
until the Day of Resurrection!

52- O God, we repent to Thee in our day of fast-breaking,
which Thou hast appointed for the faithful
a festival and a joy
and for the people of Thy creed
a time of assembly and gathering,
from every misdeed we did,
ill work we sent ahead,
or evil thought we secretly conceived,
the repentance of one who does not harbour a return to sin
and who afterwards will not go back to offense,
an unswerving repentance rid of doubt and wavering.
So accept it from us, be pleased with us,
and fix us within it!

53- O God,
provide us with fear of the threatened punishment
and yearning for the promised reward,
so that we may find the pleasure of that for which we supplicate Thee
and the sorrow of that from which we seek sanctuary in Thee!

54- And place us with Thee among the repenters,
those upon whom Thou hast made Thy love obligatory
and from whom Thou hast accepted the return to obeying Thee!14
O Most Just of the just!

55- O God, show forbearance toward our fathers and our mothers
and all the people of our religion,
those who have gone and those who will pass by,
until the Day of Resurrection!

56- O God, bless our prophet Muhammad and his Household,
as Thou hast blessed Thy angels brought nigh,
bless him and his Household,
as Thou hast blessed Thy prophets sent out,
bless him and his Household,
as Thou hast blessed Thy righteous servants
- and better than that, O Lord of the worlds! -
a blessing whose benediction will reach us,
whose benefit will attain to us,
and through which our supplication may be granted!
Thou art the most generous of those who are beseeched,
the most sufficient of those in whom confidence is had,
the most bestowing of those from whom bounty is asked,
and Thou art powerful over everything!15

1. In other words, Thou art kind without the servants having done anything to deserve it. Cf. 12.3.

11. That is, the Ramadan of the year that has just passed and that of the coming year.

12. That is, we have been afflicted by the hardship of having to fast. This interpretation follows Sayyid ''Alikhan's reading; the Persian translators interpret the sentence to mean: 'our being afflicted by grief at the passing of our month', a reading which Sayyid ''Alikhan rejects.

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