The process of producing young ones that look like the parents is called reproduction. Plants reproduce either sexually or asexually. Plants reproduce sexually by the most attractive part, called the flower.

The stalk of a flower is called the pedicel.

All floral parts are arranged on its flattened tip, called the receptacle.

The stamens and the pistil are the reproductive parts of a flower.

The anther contains pollen sacs that produce pollen grains.

Pollens are the male reproductive unit of the flower.

Pistil is the female reproductive part of the flower.

Bisexual flowers contain both – the stamens and the pistil. For example, mustard and rose.

Unisexual flowers have either the stamens or the pistil. For example, cucumber, maize and watermelon.

Pollination:

The transfer of pollen grains from one flower to another is called pollination. Pollen grains transfer from one flower to another by pollinating agents.

The transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one flower, to the stigma of another flower on another plant of the same type, is known as cross-pollination.

The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same flower or to the stigma of another flower on the same plant, it is termed self-pollination.

Fertilisation:

The zygote is formed by the fusion of the male and female gametes. This process is called fertilisation. After fertilisation, the ovary changes into a fruit. It may be either fleshy or dry.

Seeds and fruits are dispersed by agents like wind, water, animals and humans.

The pods present in these seeds dry up in the sun. This causes the pod to split with great force, thereby dispersing the seeds away from the parent plant.

Some seeds are dispersed by a special method called explosion. Examples are mustard, ladies finger, peas, bean, pod and castor.Must Read : Asexual
Reproduction in Plants

Reproduction:

The process by which all living things produce young ones that look like themselves is called reproduction. Plants reproduce either sexually or asexually.

Flowers are the most attractive and the reproductive parts of a plant. A flower may have a stalk-like structure, called the pedicel. The sepals, petals, stamens and the pistil are arranged on its flattened tip, called the receptacle.

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