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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Diphenyl Dimethyl Bicarboxylate in the Treatment of Viral Hepatitis, Adjuvant or Curative?

: Diphenyl dimethyl bicarboxylate (DDB) has been used in some countries as hepatoprotectant adjuvant in the treatment of liver diseases, such as chronic viral hepatitis, chemical or drug induced hepatic damage.

Its early confirmed efficacy is to normalize elevated blood alanine aminotransferase (ALT) from different etiologies, however, it can rarely affect the rest hepatic enzymes.

In addition, the lowering or normalization of ALT in most cases occurs during DDB treatment, withdrawal of DDB administration results in ALT re-elevated.

Hence, for a long time, it has been only used as adjuvant of liver disease therapy.

It is still controversial that whether DDB can be beneficial to liver histology.

The normalization of ALT in hepatitis does not indicate therapeutic efficacy if without substantial liver histology improvement.

In recent years, more studies showed that DDB might have new therapeutical potentials in liver diseases, it may have the effect of anti-viral, anti-malignancy.

These new findings were mostly based on the in vitro or animal experiments, more basic studies and clinical trials are needed to ascertain these efficacies, prior to that stage, it is recommended to be cautious to apply DDB clinically for anti-virus and anti-malignancy purposes.

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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Liposarcomas are the most common of sarcoma tumours, they are usually located in the lower limbs, retroperitoneum, or abdominal cavity; up to date, only a few cases of omental liposarcoma with different histotype have been described.

We present a case of omental well-differentiated liposarcoma and discuss imaging findings on ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance to differentiate omental liposarcomas from other abdominal tumour entities.

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Well-differentiated liposarcoma (n=17) and an assortment of benign lipomatous tumors (n=37), which had concurrent or previous core needle biopsies, and resection specimens were subjected to both MDM2 immunohistochemistry and MDM2 FISH on both whole-tissue sections and corresponding core needle biopsy sections.

Percentage tumor cells positive for MDM2 by immunohistochemistry and an MDM2:CEP12 FISH ratio was calculated in each biopsy and resection specimen pair and the results were compared.

The average MDM2:CEP12 ratio was similar in the biopsy material compared with the whole-tissue sections in both well-differentiated liposarcoma and the benign lipomatous tumor group of neoplasms.

Detection of MDM2 amplification by FISH is a more sensitive and specific adjunctive test than MDM2 immunohistochemistry to differentiate well-differentiated liposarcoma from various benign lipomatous tumors, especially on limited tissue samples.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Mature bone formation in well-differentiated liposarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma has been described as a reactive or "metaplastic" change in most reports, and its neoplastic nature has not been widely appreciated.

Recognition of this earlier underappreciated subtype of well-differentiated/dedifferentiated liposarcoma is important, because the fibroosseous component may seem so bland that it may be confused with benign metaplasia such as myositis ossificans, or conversely, the lipomatous component may be inconspicuous that it may be dismissed as normal fat, and such misinterpretation may potentially result in suboptimal treatment.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Recurrent well-differentiated liposarcoma of the larynx: a case report and review of literature.

We present a rare case of recurrent well-differentiated liposarcoma, which re-occurred 26 years after initial presentation, having presented non-acutely on both occasions with dyspnoea, progressive dysphonia and intermittent stridor due to a valve-like laryngeal obstruction happening mainly when supine.

We have discussed management of these recurrent well-differentiated liposarcomas of the larynx including the adequacy of local versus radical treatment with review of literature which reveals that only nine cases have been reported so far.

[MeSH-major] Laryngeal Neoplasms / diagnosis. Liposarcoma / diagnosis

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(PMID = 20437051.001).

[ISSN] 1434-4726

[Journal-full-title] European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

[Publication-country] Sweden

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Giant well-differentiated liposarcoma of retroperitoneum.

Liposarcoma is a malignancy of fat cells that occurs in deep soft tissue and mostly seen in limbs and retroperitoneum.

It is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the retroperitoneum.

It is detected at very late stages especially when the tumor gains substantial size, weight of several pounds at the time of diagnosis because it is grows very silently in deep tissues in the retroperitoneal area.

Therefore, most of the patients with liposarcoma have no symptoms until the tumor is getting very large and pressurizes on neighboring structures which causes tenderness, pain, or functional disturbances.

At laparotomy the retroperitoneal tumor weighed 13.2 kg, Histologically it was a well-differentiated liposarcoma.

Total extirpation surgery is still the most effective treatment in well-differentiated liposarcomas.

MTD in the QD schedule has been previously reported.

In this study different dosing schedules of AT-101 were tested in adults with advanced cancers and final results for the pulse dosing schedule of twice a day for three days every other week (b.i.d. x 3d EOW) are being reported.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

METHODS: Patients with unresectable HCC were randomized 2:1 to receive an injection of SM-11355 or zinostatin stimalamer suspended in lipiodol into the hepatic artery at doses of up to 6 mL (SM-11355: 120 mg; zinostatin stimalamer: 6 mg) according to the tumor size.

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(PMID = 27963097.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Up-regulation of mTOR expression has been noted in 40-45% of HCC, and preclinical studies suggest mTOR inhibitor can effectively inhibit proliferation of HCC cells as well as growth of HCC xenograft in mice.

RESULTS: A total of 36 pts (M/F 34/2; median age 58.5, range 28-75; Child-Pugh's class of A/B 31/5) were enrolled.

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(PMID = 27963093.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Following our dose-finding phase I study, the present phase II neo-adjuvant (NA) EC trial was designed to examine the pCR rate using C, OXP and RT, with secondary end-points of evaluating toxicity, quality of life, and GEP of tumor tissue for correlation to therapeutic response.

[Publication-country] United States

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The study regimen is that oral administration of S-1 at 40 mg b.i.d. for 21 consecutive days followed by a 7-day rest period and intravenous infusion of CPT-11 at a dose of 80 mg on days 1 and 15 are performed with weekly subcutaneous injection of peptide vaccine.

CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with peptide vaccine and S-1/CPT-11 CT was well tolerated.

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(PMID = 27962012.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[Publication-country] United States

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Population pharmacokinetics (PK) of tremelimumab in patients (pts) with melanoma.

: 3048 Background: Tremelimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody targeted against CTLA4, a protein on T cells critical for regulating T-cell activities, which is under development for treatment of various cancers, including melanoma.

Population PK analysis was conducted using concentration-time data from 450 pts, most with melanoma or solid tumors, enrolled in four phase I or II studies that evaluated PK, tolerability, and efficacy of single-agent tremelimumab.

METHODS: Tremelimumab was administered intravenously either as single dose or multiple doses every 4 or 12 weeks; doses varied between 0.01 and 15 mg/kg.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Phase I study of oral gemcitabine prodrug (LY2334737) alone and in combination with erlotinib in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors.

: 2576 Background: LY2334737 (LY) is an orally available valproic acid prodrug of gemcitabine that was developed to overcome the extensive first-pass metabolism of gemcitabine to 2',2'-difluorodeoxyuridine (dFdU).

The objectives of this study were to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose limiting toxicity (DLT) and pharmacokinetics (PK) of LY as monotherapy and in combination with erlotinib.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Tumor types included colorectal, pancreatic, sarcoma, ALCL and NSCLC.

There has been 1 confirmed PR in a sarcoma pt with ALK rearrangement (inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor).

Among 10 NSCLC pts whose tumors harbor EML4-ALK rearrangement, 1 pt has had a PR, 2 pts have achieved unconfirmed PR and 4 pts have had SD (3 have experienced reduction in tumor burden by ∼20% in measurable lesions and 1 has been treated for 28 weeks).

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(PMID = 27961297.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Hepatic function influences treatment as a measure of organ damage and tumor stage.

(2) is the inventor of a unique technology or treatment being evaluated in the clinical trial; or (3) is involved in international clinical oncology research and has acted consistently with recognized international standards of ethics in the conduct of clinical research.

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(PMID = 27963101.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

Rates of first cycle grade 3/4 leucopenia were 78% in CC PTS and 48% in CT/TT PTS; consistent with the pharmacokinetic analysis.

CONCLUSIONS: A SNP in UGT 2B7 is common and appears to predicts EPI clearance and myelosuppresion in non-metastatic breast cancer PTS and may form the basis for a method to individualize EPI treatment.

No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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(PMID = 27961959.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

In a phase I study of 2 weeks of oral administration, clinical antitumor activity was observed in patients with treatment-naive nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and biological effects consistent with CDK inhibition were detected in tumor biopsy samples.

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(PMID = 27962434.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

CONCLUSIONS: Pazopanib monotherapy was well tolerated and demonstrated a significant improvement in PFS and RR compared to placebo.

(2) is the inventor of a unique technology or treatment being evaluated in the clinical trial; or (3) is involved in international clinical oncology research and has acted consistently with recognized international standards of ethics in the conduct of clinical research.

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(PMID = 27962920.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

In part 1, pts received pmab 6 mg/kg Q2W plus AMG 655 at a starting dose of 10 mg/kg (evaluation of subsequent doses of 3 mg/kg or 1 mg/kg if needed; 6-9 pts at each dose) by sequential intravenous infusion at week 1 and Q2W thereafter until PD or intolerability.

(2) is the inventor of a unique technology or treatment being evaluated in the clinical trial; or (3) is involved in international clinical oncology research and has acted consistently with recognized international standards of ethics in the conduct of clinical research.

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(PMID = 27960839.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

26 patients received FOLFOX-4 / FOLFIRI therapy as the final chemotherapy died by the time of analysis.

These patients were categorized into the high increase group and the low increase group using 200% increase as cut-off value and the prognosis was compared.

RESULTS: Mean serum-iron levels in immediately pre and post chemotherapy were 71.7±29.0μg/dl and 186.8±83.2μg/dl, respectively, and significant increase after chemotherapy was observed (p<0.001).

This increase was transient and returns to pre chemotherapy level by the start of next course.

This alteration was always observed on the chemotherapy.

The median survival times from the initiation of FOLFOX-4 / FOLFIRI therapy for the high increase group (n: 5) and the low increase group (n: 21) were 487 and 182 days, respectively, and was significantly better in the high increase group (p=0.004).

The alterations of hemoglobin, AST and ALT serum levels in immediately pre and post chemotherapy were not observed.

CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that serum-iron increase is a biological response not attributed to leakage from erythrocyte and hepatocyte.

Significantly better prognosis in high serum-iron group may suggest the usefulness of serum-iron level to distinguish responder and non-responder in FOLFOX-4/FOLFIRI therapy.

No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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(PMID = 27960858.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Inflammatory liposarcoma is a variant of well-differentiated liposarcoma/atypicallipomatous tumor that consists of a mixture of lymphocytes, histiocytes, scattered atypical stromal cells, mature adipocytes, and rarely lipoblasts.

Well-differentiated liposarcoma/atypicallipomatous tumor and dedifferentiated liposarcoma have characteristic molecular markers in the form of giant marker and ring chromosomes consisting of amplicons of 12q13-15, which includes MDM2.

MDM2 expression as detected by IHC is a very sensitive tool in recognizing inflammatory well-differentiated liposarcoma (17 of 17); however, 21% (3 of 14) and 10% (1 of 10) of sclerosing mesenteritis and retroperitoneal fibrosis, respectively, displayed weak MDM2 immunoexpression.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Incomplete paresis of the sciatic nerve due to massive atypical lipoma of the pelvis: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Liposarcomas are classified into four subtypes, with different malignancy potential and characteristic imaging appearances.

Well-differentiated liposarcomas have imaging characteristics similar to those of benign lipomas, however they can be usually distinguished from lipomas because of the larger size and broader fibrous septa, with a more nodular appearance.

CASE PRESENTATION: This paper presents a case of atypical lipoma (well-differentiated liposarcoma) of the pelvis, leading to partial involvement of the sciatic nerve.

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[Title] An association of multiple well differentiated liposarcomas, lipomatous tissue and hereditary retinoblastoma.

When superficial, it recurs locally only occasionally after marginal excision.

We present a patient in whom bilateral childhood retinoblastoma was followed by later development of massive confluent areas of low grade liposarcoma and lipomatous tissue affecting the upper extremities and trunk.

The tumour was surgically removed through an abdomino-perineal approach.

CONCLUSION: The presence of a gluteal mass should always suggest the possibility of a sciatic hernia.

However, in this case, the hernia consisted of an atypical lipoma spanning the greater sciatic foramen.

Although lipoma-like well-differentiated liposarcomas have only a low potential for recurrence, the variable nature of fatty tumours demands that patients require regular clinical and radiological review.

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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Formation of the 12q14-q15 amplicon precedes the development of a well-differentiated liposarcoma arising from a nonchondroid pulmonary hamartoma.

Herein, we report a 48-year-old woman with a history of an incomplete excised nonchondroid pulmonary hamartoma presenting as an indolent tumor recurrence.

Excision of the tumor revealed a well-differentiated liposarcoma arising from the hamartomatous component.

MDM2 and HMGA2 amplification were found in a subset of stromal cells in the hamartomatous component and in most cells of the well-differentiated liposarcoma.

These findings suggest that the formation of the 12q14-q15 chromosome amplicon, the characteristic cytogenetic finding of well-differentiated liposarcomas and the structural genomic component of the supernumerary ring and giant rod chromosomes, occurred before the morphologic changes characteristic of these malignant adipose tissue tumors and likely represents a very early molecular event in their development.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Carboxypeptidase M: a biomarker for the discrimination of well-differentiated liposarcoma from lipoma.

The discrimination between well-differentiated liposarcomas/atypicallipomatous tumors and lipomas can be diagnostically challenging at the histological level.

However, cytogenetic identification of ring and giant rod chromosomes supports the diagnosis of well-differentiated liposarcoma/atypicallipomatous tumor.

MDM2 is consistently amplified in well-differentiated liposarcomas/atypicallipomatous tumors, and up to 25% in other sarcomas.

As part of a large genomic study of lipomatous neoplasms, we initially found CPM to be consistently amplified in well-differentiated liposarcomas/atypicallipomatous tumors.

To further explore this initial finding, we investigated the copy number status of MDM2 and CPM by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) on a series of 138 tumors and 17 normal tissues, including 32 well-differentiated liposarcoma/atypicallipomatous tumors, 63 lipomas, 11 pleomorphic lipomas, 2 lipoblastomas, 30 other tumors and 17 normal fat samples.

All 32 well-differentiated liposarcoma/atypicallipomatous tumors showed amplification of MDM2 and CPM, usually >20 copies per cell.

These findings suggest that identification of CPM amplification could be used as an alternative diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of well-differentiated liposarcoma/atypicallipomatous tumors.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

BACKGROUND: Lipoma-like liposarcomas mimic deep-seated lipomas in regard to imaging as well as histological findings and occasionally cause problems concerning diagnosis and treatment.

The differences in the imaging findings among these lesions are not well defined.

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the differences among the deep-seated adipocytic neoplasms including intramuscular lipoma, intermuscular lipoma, and lipoma-like liposarcoma.

METHODS: The imaging and clinicopathological findings of 40 intramuscular lipomas, 27 intermuscular lipomas, and 22 lipoma-like liposarcomas were evaluated, and the possibilities in the differential diagnosis were assessed.

RESULTS: Although the most frequent symptom was a palpable mass, swelling was a common symptom of intramuscular lipomas and lipoma-like liposarcomas.

Although streaky structures corresponding to entrapped muscle fibers were thick and occasionally interrupted in intramuscular lipomas, the streaky structures corresponding to areolar fibrous tissue were thin and were usually not interrupted in intermuscular lipomas.

[Title] Pairwise comparison of genomic imbalances between primary and recurrent well differentiated liposarcomas.

The cytogenetic hallmarks of WDL are supernumerary rings and giant marker chromosomes containing material mainly from chromosome arms 1q and especially 12q, but also occasionally from other chromosomes.

WDL are typical examples of tumors that may become more aggressive with time.

One would assume that additional genomic changes lie behind the acquisition of such a more dangerous phenotype, and yet very little is known about the putative, late-occurring genomic aberrations in recurrent WDL.

We have undertaken a pairwise comparison of the genomic imbalances occurring in primary and recurrent WDL from the same patient.

In one of the cases, the patient's final recurrence, which was 17 years after the primary tumor and showed more pronounced nuclear atypia, had seven additional genomic changes compared with what was found in the primary tumor.

The findings illustrate that the phenotypic changes some WDL undergo with time may have a genomic correlate, and that a pathogenetic continuum exists between WDL and dedifferentiated, more malignant liposarcomas.

[MeSH-major] Allelic Imbalance. Liposarcoma / genetics

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CT scan of the upper gastrointestinal tract revealed a large esophageal tumor filling out the whole length of the esophagus.

The tumor was removed by parasternocleidomastoidal approach with a stapler.

Well-differentiated liposarcomas are characterised by amplified material of the 12q13-15 chromosomal region, present in the form of giant or ring chromosomes and leading to the overexpression of MDM2 and CDK4 genes.

MDM2 and CDK4 proteins can be detected immunhistochemically, which was the case in the reported tumor.

Overexpression of these proteins leads to suppression of tumor suppressor genes, leading to increased cell survival.

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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Variability of origin for the neocentromeric sequences in analphoid supernumerary marker chromosomes of well-differentiated liposarcomas.

Well-differentiated liposarcomas (WDLPS) and dedifferentiated liposarcomas are cytogenetically characterized by the presence of supernumerary ring or giant chromosomes containing amplified material from the 12q14-15 region.

WDLPS is the sole solid tumor for which the presence of a neocentromere is a consistent and specific feature.

By immunostaining with anti-centromere antibodies in combination with FISH analysis (immunoFISH) in four cases of WDLPS, we have shown that sequences from the region 12q14-21 region were not located at the neocentromere site.

In addition, we have microdissected the neocentromeric region from a giant supernumerary chromosome in the 94T778 WDLPS cell line.

We have observed that this 4p sequence was not involved in the neocentromere of the supernumerary giant chromosome present in the 93T449 WDLPS cell line derived from a metachronous recurrence of the same primary WDLPS than 94T778.

Altogether, these results indicate that the neocentromeres in WDLPS originate from amplified chromosomal regions other than 12q14-15 and do not involve a specific and recurrent DNA sequence.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Lipomas are benign tumors of mesenchymal origin which may localize in various sites, both superficial or deep.

The Authors report the case of a 73 years old woman, with a large swelling localized at the anterior-medial region of the left thigh, of about three years, completely asymptomatic, surgically excised, and by histological examination, proved to be a giant atypical lipoma.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The aim of this study was to evaluate observer performance using T1-weighted spin-echo and fluid-sensitive MRI sequences in distinguishing between lipoma and atypicallipomatous tumour/well-differentiated liposarcoma (ALT/WDL).

Magnetic resonance images of 51 patients with benign lipoma and ALT/WDL of the musculoskeletal system were reviewed.

There were 33 benign lipomas and 18 ALT/WDL.

In distinguishing lipoma from ALT/WDL, observer performance was comparable using T1-weighted and fluid-sensitive MR sequences.

[Publication-country] England

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC3649160

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Symplasmic or atypical leiomyoma and lipoleiomyoma are two very rare morphological variants of leiomyoma of the uterus.

Both the tumours show a benign behavior like the classical leiomyoma.

But differentiated from the classical leiomyoma by presence of bizarre cellular pattern with paucity of mitosis and presence of mature lipocytes within a leiomyoma respectively.

We report one case each of these variants in two routine fibroid uterus specimens of two different patients, as they can be misdiagnosed as leiomyosarcoma and well-differentiated liposarcoma respectively, by inexperienced pathologists.

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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The diagnosis of hibernoma may be complicated, however, because seemingly diagnostic cells could be mistakenly identified as lipoblasts, leading to the erroneous diagnosis of well-differentiated liposarcoma.

Cytogenetic alterations in lipomatous tumors are well established and could be used for diagnostic purposes.

Here, we present a case of a hibernoma with a novel cytogenetic alteration involving a reciprocal translocation between 9q and 11q that was useful in establishing the final diagnosis.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Inflammatory liposarcoma represents a rare variant of well-differentiated liposarcoma in which a chronic inflammatory infiltrate predominates simulating the appearance of malignant lymphoma and other nonneoplastic lesions.

The differential diagnosis, especially from lymphoma and non neoplastic lesions such as inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and Castelman disease are discussed.