Monetary Metals Silver Headfake Report

Something extraordinary occurred this week. On Wednesday, the Fed made a routine
announcement. That day, the price of silver was rising, but not out of the
normal. Fireworks began on Thursday, and in 6 hours, the price of silver skyrocketed
by 5%.

We have never before changed the headline or format of the Supply and Demand
Report. However, it is warranted under the present circumstances.

The Fed's announcement was mundane. It will continue tapering its bond purchases,
from $45B monthly to $35B. It will continue its low interest rate policy. It
cut its growth forecast. This was all expected except, arguably, the cut in
the forecast.

Some pinned this move on the unwinding of the Chinese
commodity finance scheme. That unwind will involve selling metal and
buying futures. The impact of this is a rising basis, but probably not a
rising price.

Many said that that the Fed was to blame (or credit). One commentator even
said that gold had now become an inflation hedge. Apparently it wasn't last
week, but now it is. We respectfully suggest that he step back and take a deep
breath.

Looking at a price chart, the action is pretty obvious. This candlestick chart
is not the standard chart format we normally use in this Report.

Silver Chart

The blue line shows support around $19, going back 7 months. In the last few
days of May, the silver price broke below that line. But by June 10, the price
broke out through the line sharply. The breakdown at the end of May was a false
breakdown.

Thursday's price move also drove above the 100-day and 200-day moving averages
(not shown). In March, silver had dropped below both averages, which have been
falling for a long time.

There are other ways of analyzing the silver price chart, though that is not
our focus here. No matter how you look at the price chart, the sharp spike
in the silver price appears very bullish.

We therefore want to look at another chart, showing the silver basis and cobasis.
Think of them as measures of abundance and scarcity, respectively.

We're going to skip the gold graph this week. Silver did what gold did, and
more.

The Silver Basis and Cobasis and Price

Normally in the Report, we include a long period of time (e.g. October 2013
through June 2014, or 8+ months). This week, we zoom in to see detail. The
graph begins on May 27, which is when the silver price broke down below $19.
We can see a decrease in abundance (blue line) and an increase in scarcity
(red line) through June 4.

Then the price begins to rise, and with it abundance. Scarcity drops. The
basis and cobasis made large moves. For clarity, the zero line has been drawn
in heavy black and the region above is shaded light blue.

From its low, the basis rises from -0.24% to +0.35%. The basis is the carry
you can earn in silver. To carry is to buy the metal and sell a futures contract.
The annualized profit on a trade with less than 3 months to maturity is 35
now basis points. That's a lot. The 3-Month Treasury bill, for comparison,
earns 2 basis points.

So what is this telling us?

Silver futures were heavily bought. While there are other buyers of futures
(e.g. electronics manufacturers who plan for their needs in advance), such
a sharp change is generally driven by speculators.

Why do speculators buy silver futures? They anticipate a rise in the price,
from which they hope to profit. They can drive the price up with their buying,
as we see yet again this week, but they don't tend to sustain big price moves.
When we say they anticipate, we really mean front-run. They are expecting,
rightly or wrongly, that real physical demand is coming. They want to buy ahead
of it, and sell into it.

This week, their expectations of hoarders changed significantly. Speculators
now believe demand from hoarders will rise.

Hoarders are, in many ways, the opposite of speculators. They do not use leverage.
They do not buy with the intention of selling soon. They are not necessarily
thinking of profits when they buy. They are thinking about preserving wealth,
perhaps for the next generation. They take metal out of the market for the
long term.

It is the hoarders that speculators are trying to front-run.

Clearly, speculators this week expect a growing demand to hoard. That's probably
what that analyst meant when he said that gold became an inflation hedge this
week.

The speculators may even turn out to be right. It is possible that real demand
for physical metal, which does not exist in the market today, will begin ramping
in the coming week. Perhaps this time the speculators know something that the
hoarders don't yet know. There is a first time for everything, and this could
be the first time that speculators jumped the gun on a Fed announcement and
beat the hoarders to buy at the last of the lower prices.

We wouldn't bet on it.

And that's the whole point, isn't it? The silver longs are indeed betting
on it. When they use 4:1 (or greater) leverage to buy a silver future at $20.86,
they are hoping to be able to sell it soon at $21.86, $31.86, or $186.

I had a brief twitter exchange with someone this week. He said that the basis
is not a good indicator of timing. He added that the there was a collapse of
the cobasis in January followed by a long rally.

He is correct that the basis does not give timing. It is entirely possible
that the silver price chart now looks so tempting, that more traders will pile
in to the metal this week. However, he is not quite correct about the "long" rally.
It lasted for about two weeks, and took the price from $19.15 to $21.89. By
the end of March, half the gain had been given back, and by the end of April
all of the gain was gone.

Let us all recall for a moment the long rally from August 2010, to April 2011.
The silver price rose from $18 to $49. That was a long rally, in terms of time,
over 8 months. More importantly, it was a long rally in terms of price action:
172%. In that long rally, by the way, we observed backwardation in contracts
dated out to 2015. That simply is not the case today.

Here is a graph showing the basis graph from January and February of this
year, overlaid with price.

The Silver Price and Cobasis Jan-Apr

This shows the basis for the July contract, which is around half a year from
expiration in this time period. Being farther from expiry, it doesn't yet undergo
the higher volatility of the March and May contracts that we showed in the Reports of
that time period. Being farther from maturity, it is not directly comparable.
An apples-to-apples comparison shows that the drop is much bigger this month
than it was in January.

There is a negative feedback in a rising price with rising basis. Silver is
a monetary metal. This means that it's unlike other commodities in that it
is accumulated without any particular limit. The ratio of stocks to flows (i.e.
inventories divided by annual mine production) is measured in decades for silver.
For normal commodities, the ratio of stocks to flows is a few months -- a fraction
of one year's production.

This means, among other things, that the supply of silver to the market need
not come from the mines. All existing stocks of silver are potential supply,
under the right conditions, and at the right price.

A rising basis combined with a rising price means that demand for futures
is exceeding demand for metal. With rising prices, the demand for metal drops
while the supply rises. Unlike in other commodities, existing inventories add
to supplies.

With a high basis, the marginal demand for metal is to go into the warehouse,
to go into carry trades. When the basis is rising, then warehousing is rising
as well.

The problem is that, eventually, what goes into carry positions must eventually
come out. The warehouse, formerly the marginal demand for metal, becomes the
marginal supply. Down comes the price, perhaps more quickly than it went up.

There is one final thing worth looking at. Commodities went up at the same
time as silver. Here is a picture of the prices of silver, lumber, and cattle.

The Price of Silver, Lumber, and Live Cattle

Lumber and especially live cattle are not for hoarding. They are for consumption,
and of course for speculating (everything is for speculating in the regime
of zero interest). We would not expect hoarding demand for silver to coincide
so neatly with rising real demand for wood and meat. But on the other hand,
speculative demand for silver can perfectly coincide with speculative demand
for wood, meat, and all sorts of other things. Why shouldn't traders bet on
a rising silver price and a rising beef price?

Whatever it may mean, that traders bought these three things at the same time,
we doubt it is that demand for hoarding silver is on the rise. While it may
be different this time, the most likely outcome is that silver speculators
will drown in a deluge of metal coming to market.

This is a good opportunity to reiterate our long-standing advice. Never
naked-short a monetary metal.

Keith Weiner is CEO of Monetary Metals, a precious metals fund company in
Scottsdale, Arizona. He is a leading authority in the areas of gold, money,
and credit and has made important contributions to the development of trading
techniques founded upon the analysis of bid-ask spreads. He is founder of DiamondWare,
a software company sold to Nortel in 2008, and he currently serves as president
of the Gold Standard Institute USA.

Weiner attended university at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and earned
his PhD at the New Austrian School of Economics. He blogs about gold and the
dollar, and his articles appear on Zero Hedge, Kitco, and other leading sites.
As a leading authority and advocate for rational monetary policy, he has appeared
on financial television, The Peter Schiff Show and as a speaker at FreedomFest.
He lives with his wife near Phoenix, Arizona.