LONDON - Financial markets steadied Tuesday after the turmoil of the previous day reverberated into the Asian session. However, lingering concerns over the U.S. economy and emerging markets kept the mood among investors jittery.

Traders in Europe held their nerve despite the earlier 4.2 per cent dive on Tokyo's Nikkei 225, which sent the leading Japanese stock index to a four-month low. Wall Street futures were also pointing to a modest bounce-back.

David Madden, market analyst at IG, said stocks were "holding up relatively well" considering the massive sell-off in Japan overnight.

"Traders are treading lightly, not wanting to get stung if there is a sudden exodus from equities into cash or bonds," he added.

In Europe, the FTSE 100 index of leading British shares was down 0.4 per cent at 6,441 while Germany's DAX fell 1 per cent to 9,096. The CAC-40 in France was 0.2 per cent lower at 4,098.

Wall Street was poised for small gains at the open after sliding Monday in the wake of a disappointing manufacturing survey from the Institute for Supply Management — Dow futures were 0.2 per cent higher while the broader S&P 500 futures rose 0.3 per cent.

The turmoil that has afflicted financial markets over the past few weeks has a number of causes. Some analysts think it's a long-overdue correction in stock values that will eventually bottom out. Many indexes had finished 2013 at record highs.

Others think it's likely to last longer, not least because the U.S. Federal Reserve is reducing its monetary stimulus. The stimulus, in its various guises, has helped shore up markets, particularly in developing countries from Brazil to Turkey to India, since the financial crisis.

Meanwhile, investors may be getting increasingly nervous about the fact that U.S. lawmakers have yet to agree on a deal to lift the debt ceiling this month. If they don't, the U.S. faces the prospect of defaulting on some of its debts.

"What we're seeing in the markets so far this year may not be investors panicking about the turmoil in emerging markets, or the ongoing weaknesses in corporate earnings, or even the poor data coming out of the U.S.," said Craig Erlam, market analyst at Alpari.

"Instead, I believe these are all simply being used as an excuse for investors to allow for the significant correction that many investors have been calling for, for a number of months now," he added.

The focus of attention will likely remain on the U.S. this week as a run of economic data culminates on Friday with the nonfarm payrolls report for January. The jobs data often set the market tone for a week or two. Investors will be looking to see if the negative winter-related impact that was evident in the ISM survey has translated into job hiring, too.

There's also Thursday's policy meeting of the European Central Bank. Analysts say the bank will be under pressure to ease policy further as inflation remains stubbornly low despite recent signs of life in the eurozone economy.

Given the importance of upcoming events, many analysts think volatility will likely remain a key feature of the week's trading.

Earlier, Japan led the slide in Asian stocks. The Nikkei tumbled 4.2 per cent to 14,008.47 and is down 14 per cent over the past month. Elsewhere, South Korea's Kospi shed 1.7 per cent to 1,886.85 and Hong Kong's Hang Seng declined 2.9 per cent to 21,397.77 on its first day of trading following a 4-day weekend for Lunar New Year. Markets in China and Taiwan were closed.

There was a calmer tone in other financial markets. Among currencies the euro was down 0.1 per cent at $1.3515 while the dollar rose 0.1 per cent to 101.27 yen. Meanwhile, a barrel of benchmark New York crude was 21 cents a barrel higher at $96.64.