Pictures

These are links to the pages that contain the pictures, not direct links to the pictures themselves. Click on the links below and scroll to the foot of the page to locate two sets of Einstein pictures and two versions of the Adele Miccio Character Cards for Stimulability Therapy, updated in 2012.

Terminology Used in the Worksheets

SIWI, SFWF, WIWW, SFW

In the branch of Clinical Linguistics called clinical phonology, the abbreviations SIWI, SFWF, SIWW and SFWW are used to describe where sounds occur in spoken words.

SIWI is "syllable initial word initial". In the word "ball", /b/ is SIWI.

SFWF is "syllable final word final". In the word "rub" /b/ is SFWF.

SIWW is "syllable initial within word". In the word "about" /b/ is SIWW.

SFWW is "syllable final within word". In the word "tablet" /b/ is SFWW.

The terms are used to denote how the words are pronounced by an individual, not the way you spell them, or the way they "should" be pronounced. So, for example, when you break a word like "innocent" into syllables with regard to how you might spell it you get inn-o-cent. But when most speakers of English SAY the word it becomes (roughly!) ih-nu-sent so that the /n/ is SIWW (not SFWW as it would be if you said in-uh-sent).

Many speech-language pathologists / speech and language therapists use these abbreviations when they look at "phonotactics" (the patterns of vowels and consonants, or syllable shapes a child can produce) in detail, as part of a phonological analysis. The information is useful in choosing therapy targets and devising word lists for production practice and auditory bombardment (focused auditory input) when appropriate.

Place-Voice-Manner Chart

Consonants are classified in terms of their place of articulation, manner of articulation and voicing. The chart below is a PVM Chart showing the consonants of English. The voiced glide /w/ is included twice because it has two places of articulation, bilabial and velar. The glottal stop is also there because it occurs in some varieties of English.

Place of Articulation

Consonants are made by obstructing or constricting airflow at some point in the vocal tract. The point of obstruction or constriction is called the place of articulation. The ‘places’ of articulation are Bilabial, Labiodental, Interdental, Alveolar, Palatal, Velar and Glottal. Note that there are other classification systems that differ slightly.

Manner of Articulation

Consonants are classified in terms of their Place-Manner-Voice. The manner of articulation is the type of obstruction that occurs in the production of a particular consonant. The ‘manners’ of articulation are: Stop, Fricative, Affricate, Nasal, Liquid and Glide. The Stops, Fricatives and Affricates are termed obstruents, and the Nasals, Liquids, Glides, AND VOWELS are termed sonorants. The consonants /l/, /r/, /w/ and /j/ are also referred to as approximants.