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Some nucleotides conduct vital cellular functions by functioning as an independent molecule. A common example of this is ATP, which stores energy.

Monomers are linked together through a chemical reaction called dehydration synthesis. When monomers are joined together, they transform into a polymer. If a bond is formed between the sugar of one monomer and the phosphate of another, it creates a polynucleotide.

There are five different types of nucleotides: uracil, cytosine, guanine, adenine and thymine.