The North Carolina Collection preserves and makes available the historical record of the city and county of Durham. You'll find a wealth of materials to assist with researching North Carolina-related topics as well as several online exhibits.

Oral Histories

The Oral History Inventory was compiled fall 2008/spring 2009 by Tim Obert, School of Library and Information Science student, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Introduction to the Inventory

This inventory is a compilation of primarily oral histories, panel discussions and radio interviews that are about Durham or feature people from Durham. Most of the materials are from Duke University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Durham County Library, WUNC Radio and Preservation Durham. The inventory has four sections:

Individual Interviews in Alphabetical Order by Last Name

Title: Oral history interview with Nancy Allen, 2006Author: Allen, Nancy, 1952-
Interviewed by Jessica Roseberry in Durham, N.C. on November 10, 2006Location: Duke: Medical Center LibraryCall Number: Oral History Collection Allen, 11/10/2006, Transcript, CD1Format: Contains audiotapes and transcript of an oral history interview.Description: Duke University Special Assistant to the Provost for Faculty Diversity and Faculty Development and a member of the Division of Rheumatology and Immunology.
Contains audiotapes and transcript of an oral history interview. Major subjects in this interview include women’s issues in the medical field, including Allen’s own experiences as a female staff member in the Duke University Medical Center Department of Medicine’s Division of Rheumatology; Dr. Joseph Greenfield, and Dr. Nannerl O. Keohane.Subjects:
Allen, Nancy–1952-
Duke University
Duke University–Medical Center
Duke University–Medical Center–Dept of Medicine
Faculty, Medical
Greenfield, Joseph C
History of Medicine–North Carolina–Personal Narratives
Keohane, Nannerl O,–1940-
Rheumatology
Women in medicine

Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/H-0190/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Ann Mack Barbee’s family lived as sharecroppers in South Carolina for much of her childhood. Barbee describes her parents’ values and how they passed those along to their children. She relates how her life changed following her mother’s death as she assumed greater responsibility in the household. When Barbee was an adolescent, the family decided to leave the countryside and go to Durham to work in the factories. In Durham, Barbee went to work in the Liggett & Myers tobacco factories. The overall environment of the tobacco factories harmed the women’s health, but Barbee explains how segregation and racism worsened conditions even further. She lists the reasons she did not strongly support the unions and then reflects on the many differences race made in her life, even affecting the color of uniform she wore. Using an illustration from her own work experience, Barbee insists that African American women must learn to stand for themselves, refusing to give up their rights even when the white men in authority demand it. Because her father feared that she would be sexually assaulted on the walk to and from school, he forced Barbee to quit school before she wanted to do so. She describes how she tried to continue her own education even after she stopped attending classes. She reflects on the opportunities African American children had to further their education and the pressure they felt to succeed. Barbee did not marry until she was in her early forties; she bore a daughter, Louise, a short time later. She describes how being an older mother made her a different parent and explains her basic parenting philosophies.Time: 2:08:38Subjects:
Barbee, Annie Mack, 1913?- — Interviews.
Women tobacco workers — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African American women — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Farm life — South Carolina.
Liggett & Myers Tobacco Company.
Durham (N.C.)

Title: Interview with Charles BectonAuthor:
Pamela Foster.
Becton, Charles L.
Foster, Pamela.
Law School Oral History Project (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. School of Law.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University of North Carolina, c1994.Location: UNC – Chapel Hill Libraries: Law LibraryCall Number: KFN7925 .B43 1994Format: Photocopy of Transcript of interviewDescription: 81 leaves ; 28 cm.Note: Photocopy of the original typewritten transcript of the taped interview of Charles L. Becton at his home in Durham, North Carolina on February 6, 1994 and February 20, 1994.Subjects:
Becton, Charles — Interviews.
Becton, Charles.
Lawyers — North Carolina — Interviews.
Judges — North Carolina — Interviews.

Title: Oral history interview with MaryAnn Black, 2004Author: Black, Mary Ann.
Interviewed by Jessica Roseberry in Durham, N.C. on Jan. 22, 2004.Location: Duke: Medical Center LibraryCall Number: Oral History Collection, 7c Black, 1/22/05, Tape 1Format: Contains audiotapes and transcript of an oral history interview recorded on cassette tapes.Description: Associate vice president for Community Affairs for the Duke University Health System.
Contains audiotapes and transcript of an oral history interview recorded on cassette tapes. Major subjects in this interview include her family background, career in social work, public service, Durham (N.C.), Duke University Health System, hiring of minority group members, Dr. Ralph Snyderman, and the Duke University Office of Community Affairs.Subjects:
Black, Mary Ann E.
Snyderman, Ralph.
Duke University Health System.
Duke University.–Office of Community Affairs.
Minority Groups.
Durham (N.C.)
History of Medicine–North Carolina–Personal Narratives.

Title: W Bryan Bolich papers, 1891-1972.Author: Bolich, W. Bryan, 1896-1977.Location: Duke University Archives: Library Service Center (Reading Room only)Call Number: Box 1 c.1 – 8 c.1]Web address: Finding Aid: http://library.duke.edu/digitalcollections/rbmscl/uabolich/inv/Format: Manuscript.Description: William Bryan Bolich (1896-1977) served as a Professor of Law at Duke University from 1927 to 1966.
Papers contain family memorabilia, general correspondence, photographs, an oral history, diaries, course notes, writings, drafts of statutes revisions, and clippings. Major subjects include family work at Southern Railway in Forsyth County, N.C., Duke Law School curriculum development and reorganization, Law Day, the Rhodes Scholarship, Trinity College Class of 1917 alumni activities, Law School Alumni Association, North Carolina House of Representatives, and property and alien rights laws authored with the North Carolina General Statute Commission. Some of the correspondence is between Bolich and Richard Nixon. The material ranges in date from 1891-1972.Subjects:
Bolich family
Bolich, W Bryan,–1896-1977
Duke University–History–20th century
Duke University–School of Law
Duke University–School of Law–Alumni and alumnae
Duke University–School of Law–Faculty
Duke University–School of Law–Study and teaching
Nixon, Richard M–(Richard Milhous)–1913-1994–Correspondence
North Carolina–General Assembly–House of Representatives
North Carolina–General Statutes Commission
Southern Railway (US)
Trinity College (Durham, NC)–History–20th century

Title: Oral history interview with Thomas Burt, February 6, 1979 [electronic resource] : interview H-0194-2, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Burt, Thomas, 1900-1987. IntervieweeOther Author: Hinson, Glenn, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/H-0194-2/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Thomas Burt’s wide array of jobs in and around Durham, North Carolina, ranged from working on a streetcar line to farming. Although he worked for only eighteen months in a tobacco factory, most of this interview is devoted to his experiences there. His descriptions of the factory contain many interesting and valuable details, from the lunchboxes full of irregularly cut cigarettes he and his fellow workers brought home after their shifts, to the swirling clouds of tobacco dust that would settle under feet and eventually become snuff, to the spirituals and blues songs the workers sang to pass the time. This interview provides a rich look at the tobacco industry in Durham in the first half of the twentieth century, as well as a portrait of a colorful character.Time: 1:20:51Subjects: Burt, Thomas, 1900-1987 — Interviews.
Tobacco workers — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African American men — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Blue collar workers — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Tobacco workers — Employment — North Carolina — Durham.
Tobacco industry — North Carolina — Durham.
Tobacco workers — North Carolina — Durham — Social life and customs.

Title: Oral history interview with Rebecca Clayton, December 8, 1988 [electronic resource] : interview K-0132, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Clayton, Rebecca, 1939-. IntervieweeOther Author: Hornsby-Gutting, Angela, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0132/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Rebecca Clayton grew up in Madison County, Virginia, during the 1940s and 1950s in a family that greatly valued education. After offering her brief reflections on her family background and her childhood experiences, Clayton shifts her attention to a discussion of her career as a teacher. Clayton earned her degree in education from Longwood College (1958-1960) in Prince Edward County, Virginia. During her years there, Clayton witnessed upheaval within the community as the public schools closed in opposition to mounting pressure to desegregate. For Clayton, a young teacher in training, the tensions she witnessed during those years were especially formative for her developing belief that racial tolerance, particularly when it came to education, was imperative. During the 1960s, Clayton relocated to Durham, North Carolina, and worked briefly in the library at Duke University. In 1970, she returned to teaching, initially working as a substitute teacher in the Durham school district. Clayton’s return to teaching coincided with the integration of Durham schools. That same year, a long-term substitute job became a five-year position at North Durham Elementary School. According to Clayton, the newly desegregated school was characterized by chaos and tension between students when she first arrived, although she emphasizes the efforts of teachers and school officials to promote understanding and to foster a sense of pride in the students. Clayton suggests that tensions were diminishing when she left North Durham to teach at Fayetteville Street Elementary School in 1975. She also notes, though, that white flight to the suburbs was beginning to drastically impact the racial composition of Durham public schools. As a result, Clayton had taught significantly more African American students than white students by the time of the interview in 1998. Clayton devotes the final thirty minutes of the interview to a discussion of her work at Eastway Elementary school during the mid-1990s. During those years, the Latino population had begun to grow at a rapid rate. Clayton discusses how that affected student interactions and school curriculum. In particular, Clayton focuses on the challenges of teaching students whose first language was not English and describes various ways in which the school sought to build bridges to the broader community. Although she laments the fact that the growing emphasis on test scores inhibited teachers’ efforts to focus on cultural learning, she argues that the students were not dissuaded by cultural barriers when it came to forming friendships or helping one another learn. She concludes the interview by arguing that her thirty years of experience in Durham were mostly positive.Time: 1:15:20Subjects:
Clayton, Rebecca, 1939- — Interviews.
Women teachers — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Elementary schools — North Carolina — Durham.
School integration — North Carolina — Durham.
Multicultural education — North Carolina — Durham.
Hispanic Americans — Education — North Carolina — Durham.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.

Title: Oral history interview with Josephine Clement, July 13 and August 3, 1989 [electronic resource] : interview C-0074, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Clement, Josephine. IntervieweeOther Author: Nasstrom, Kathryn L, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0074/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Josephine Dobbs Clement (1918-1998) was one of six daughters born to Irene Ophelia Thompson Dobbs and John Wesley Dobbs. Her father was a prominent businessman in Atlanta, Georgia. Clement received her bachelor’s degree from Spelman College in 1937 and her master’s from Columbia University the following year. In the late 1940s, she moved with her husband, William A. Clement, to Durham, North Carolina, where she was active in local politics and social justice movements. In this interview, she describes how her father instilled within her a sense of justice and the tools to protest inequality. In keeping with this heritage, when she arrived in Durham, she quickly became active in the YWCA and the League of Women’s Voters, helping to desegregate both of them. Throughout the interview, she maintains that her identities as a woman and an African American could not and should not be fractured. Rather, she argues, true freedom will only come when both racial and gender hierarchies are destroyed. Though her husband became politically active during the 1960s, she did not do so to the same extent. Instead, she participated in activities that concerned her children and became involved in her community through those outlets. Eventually, these activities led to an appointment to the Durham City-County Charter Commission. After that, she ran for a seat on the city’s board of education. During her time on the board, the courts ordered the city schools to desegregate, a change which prompted white flight and drastically altered the racial composition of the city. For a time, she chaired the board, and under her leadership, the city selected its first African American superintendent of schools. After a decade of working with the board of education, Clement decided to resign, and she became a county commissioner. Clement believes that her various civic roles have allowed her to accomplish some of the social change she desired, though she sees more that needs to occur. At the end of the interview, Clement explains how she tries to balance her concerns for social justice, her interest in environmental issues and her pragmatic recognition that new building in Durham is inevitable. After this interview was completed, Clement remained politically active and even co-chaired the successful gubernatorial campaigns of Democrat James Hunt in Durham County in 1980 and 1984.Time: 1:46:33Subjects:
Clement, Josephine — Interviews.
African American women civil rights workers — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African American politicians — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Women local officials and employees — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Durham (N.C.) — Politics and government.
Durham County (N.C.) — Politics and government.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.
School integration — North Carolina — Durham.
Education, Secondary — North Carolina — Durham.
School boards — African American membership — North Carolina — Durham.
African Americans — Civil rights — North Carolina — Durham.

Title: Oral history interview with William and Josephine Clement, June 19, 1986 [electronic resource] : interview C-0031, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Clement, William A., 1912-. IntervieweeOther Author: Weare, Walter B, Interviewer.
Weare, Juanita, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0031/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: William and Josephine Clement were married in 1941 and first moved to Durham, North Carolina, during the 1940s. Both were born and raised in the South, had always been strong advocates for racial progress, and quickly became involved in community organizations, particularly in support of school integration. Josephine eventually was elected to the Durham City Board of Education in the early 1970s and became increasingly involved in local politics after that. In this interview, both Josephine and William discuss their family histories and cover a broad range of topics while doing so. Josephine speaks at great length about her experiences growing up in Atlanta, Georgia, during the 1920s and 1930s. She emphasizes the examples her parents set for her and her sisters. She explains her father’s inclination towards radical politics, his efforts to challenge and break racial barriers, and the presence of strong African American woman role models. In addition, she describes her own education and her strong dedication to her family. William likewise describes his family background, but focuses more on his involvement with the Masons and his work with North Carolina Mutual. Throughout the interview, the Clements stress the importance of confidence and self-esteem for African Americans, as well as the importance of group solidarity in achieving progress for changing race relations.Time: 3:10:11Subjects:
Clement, Josephine — Interviews.
Clement, William A., 1912- — Interviews.
African American women civic leaders — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African American executives — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.
African Americans — Civil rights — North Carolina — Durham.
North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company.
African American business enterprises — North Carolina — Durham.
Atlanta (Ga.) — Race relations.
Civil rights movements — Georgia — Atlanta.
African Americans — Segregation — Southern States.

Title: Oral history interview with Julia Peaks de-Heer, January 8, 1999 [electronic resource] : interview K-0146, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: De-Heer, Julia Peaks, 1946-. IntervieweeOther Author: Hemming, Jill, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number: http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0146/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Julia Peaks de-Heer spent her early childhood years in Stagville, North Carolina, before moving to Hopkins Street in Durham, North Carolina, during the early 1950s. Her father’s new job at the Nello Teer Construction Company spurred the move, and de-Heer initially felt distraught over leaving the countryside. Nevertheless, she quickly felt at home in her neighborhood on Hopkins Street, largely because of the close-knit sense of community that developed among her neighbors. In addition to describing some of the activities, foodways, and the work of community leaders, de-Heer spends much of the interview discussing the role of the Greater Zion Wall Church, which was founded and built by the community members during her childhood. According to de-Heer, the community began to decline several years later when some of the homes were turned into boarding houses. The portrait she paints of Hopkins Street by the 1990s contrasts sharply with the neighborhood she knew in her childhood. After spending some time in Washington, D.C., and Virginia during the 1960s and 1970s, de-Heer returned to North Carolina in 1980 and began to attend the Greater Zion Wall Church again. de-Heer devotes the final third of the interview to a discussion of her continuing work with that church and her visions for its role in community improvement, focusing on the church’s efforts to help disadvantaged children in the community and their growing efforts to bridge divisions between the African Americans in the neighborhood and the rapidly growing Latino population. Researchers should take note that this interview is divided into two parts, with the second part occurring three months after the first. As a result, there is some repetition and variation in de-Heer’s recollections.Time: 2:10:02Subjects: De-Heer, Julia Peaks, 1946- — Interviews.
African American women — North Carolina — Durham.
African American neighborhoods — North Carolina — Durham.
Community development — North Carolina — Durham.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Social life and customs.
African American women in church work — North Carolina — Durham.
Greater Zion Wall Church (Durham, North Carolina)
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Relations with Hispanic Americans.
Durham (N.C.) — Social conditions — 21st century.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.

Title: Oral history interview with Martina Dunford, February 18, 1999 [electronic resource] : interview K-0142, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Dunford, Martina, 1956-. IntervieweeOther Author: Rouverol, Alicia J., 1961- Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0142/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Martina Dunford moved to Durham, North Carolina, in 1991. A graduate student at North Carolina Central, Dunford began to work for the Edgemont Community Center and had become the program director at the time of the interview in 1999. She begins the interview with a brief history of the Edgemont Community Center, which was founded in the early 1940s. From there, she begins to describe the characteristics of the community, which was predominantly African American, and some of the changes within the community she had witnessed over the course of the 1990s. In particular, Dunford focuses on some of the remaining obstacles that prevented people in the community from achieving true equality of opportunity, which she partially attributes to lingering cultural differences. In addition, Dunford discusses how the rapidly growing Latino population in Durham during the 1990s complicated dynamics within the community. While she does not identify any overt tensions between African Americans and Latinos in Edgemont, she does indicate that both communities remained largely isolated from one another. Dunford describes some of the efforts of the Edgemont Community Center towards rectifying those divisions, arguing that building a sense of rapport between different groups of people was the first crucial step. In addition, Dunford describes the various measures the center took to provide children in the community with opportunities they would otherwise have been denied. In addition to outlining the character of the community and lingering obstacles to solidarity, Dunford also offers memories of her childhood in Norfolk, Virginia. After describing the importance of education, the role of religion, and experiences with racial discrimination during her childhood and early adult years, Dunford argues that she was shocked by the “blatant” racism she witnessed upon moving to Durham and the challenges it posed for the work of the Edgemont Community Center.Time:1:17:57Subjects:
Dunford, Martina, 1956- — Interviews.
African American women civic leaders — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Community activists — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Community development — North Carolina — Durham.
Community centers — North Carolina — Durham.
African American neighborhoods — North Carolina — Durham.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Social conditions.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Relations with Hispanic Americans.
Cultural pluralism — United States.

Title: Oral history interview with E Harvey Estes, 2007.Author: Estes, E. Harvey (Edward Harvey), 1925-Location: Online Exhibit, Transcript, Audio clipFormats: Internet resource; ManuscriptDescription: Contains CD and transcript of an oral history interview with E. Harvey Estes. Major subjects in this interview include his experiences in Duke’s Department of Community and Family Medicine and the women he worked with, including Dr. Grace Kerby, Dr. Eva Salber, and Bess Cebe.Subjects:
Estes, Edward Harvey–1925-
Duke University.
Duke University.–Medical Center.
Duke University.–Dept. of Community and Family Medicine.
History of Medicine–North Carolina–Personal Narratives.
Physicians–Interview.
Women in Medicine.

Title: Oral history interview with Kathrine Robinson Everett, April 30, 1985 [electronic resource] : interview C-0005, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Everett, Kathrine R. (Kathrine Robinson), 1893-1992, Interviewee.Other author: Dean, Pamela, Interviewer.Publisher:[Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2006.Location: Southern Oral History Program Collection, (#4007), Series C, notable North Carolinians, interview C-0005, Manuscripts Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Original transcript: 32 p.Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0005/menu.htmlSummary: Kathrine Robinson Everett was born in Fayetteville, North Carolina, in 1894 into a Carolina family. A pioneer in women’s education, Everett was educated at Columbia and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, among other schools. In 1920, she became one of the first women to graduate from the UNC-CH law school and was ranked at the top of her class. In the 1920s, Everett practiced law with her father and worked to register women voters in Cumberland County. Following her marriage in 1926 and the birth of her son, Robinson, in 1928, Everett devoted her time to local politics. Among the things she discusses are her efforts to combine work and family.Time: 01:05:13.Subjects:
Everett, Kathrine R. (Kathrine Robinson), 1893-1992 — Interviews.
Women lawyers — North Carolina — Interviews.
Women lawyers — North Carolina — Biography.
Women politicians — North Carolina — Interviews.
Women’s rights — North Carolina.
Women in politics — North Carolina.
Women — Suffrage — North Carolina.
Voter registration — North Carolina.
Families — North Carolina — Social life and customs.
Chapel Hill (N.C.) — Social life and customs.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. School of Law.

Title: Oral history interview with Kathrine Robinson Everett, January 21, 1986 [electronic resource] : interview C-0006, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Everett, Kathrine R. (Kathrine Robinson), 1893-1992. IntervieweeOther Author: Dean, Pamela, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0006/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Kathrine Robinson Everett recalls a career as a trailblazing female lawyer and women’s rights activist, though she rejects the title of pioneer. Robinson seized on the new opportunities available for women during World War I, securing a legal education while many men were abroad fighting. Her education and upbringing shaped her belief that women deserve equal treatment in work and life, a belief that drove her to join the women’s movement, push for the Equal Rights Amendment, and join city politics in Durham, North Carolina. This interview offers researchers a perspective on the seeds of activism and, through one experience, the public lives of women in the twentieth century.Time: 1:25:23Subjects:
Everett, Kathrine R. (Kathrine Robinson), 1893-1992 — Interviews.
Women lawyers — North Carolina — Interviews.
Women lawyers — North Carolina — Biography.
Women politicians — North Carolina — Interviews.
Women’s rights — North Carolina.
Women in politics — North Carolina.
Women — Suffrage — North Carolina.
Voter registration — North Carolina.
Families — North Carolina — Social life and customs.
Chapel Hill (N.C.) — Social life and customs.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. School of Law.

Title: Oral history interview with S. J. and Leonia Farrar, May 28, 2003 [electronic resource] : interview K-0652, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Farrar, S. J. (Samuel James), 1927-2007. IntervieweeOther Author: Van Scoyoc, Peggy, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0652/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: This interview is a chronicle of a lifetime of hard work. Samuel and Leonia Farrar both grew up in poverty in rural Chatham County, North Carolina, although Samuel’s family was poorer than Leonia’s. Samuel tried to follow his father into the sharecropping business, but became so frustrated with his treatment by his white landlord he left his farm and tried to make his way in Durham, marrying Leonia in 1949 and taking her with him. By 1951, homesick and overworked, Samuel and Leonia returned to farm life. But racism drove the couple from their rented farmland, and in 1957 Farrar built the Cary home where the interview took place in 2003. The Farrars reflect upon their lives in this interview, recalling decades of manual labor, saving money, raising a family, and enduring racial discrimination from landlords, coworkers, and others. Their hard work, always a source of pride, eventually offered other rewards as well: Samuel became a minister, eventually supervising twenty-three churches, and after years of work as a beautician, Leonia found her calling in charitable work.Time: 1:29:20Subjects:
Farrar, S. J. (Samuel James), 1927-2007 — Interviews.
African Americans — North Carolina — Interviews.
African American farmers — North Carolina — Chatham County — Social conditions.
African Americans — North Carolina — Cary — Social conditions.
Farm life — North Carolina — Chatham County.
Farrar, Leonia — Interviews.

Title: Oral History Interview with John Hope Franklin, July 27, 1990. Interview A-0339. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: John Hope Franklin, IntervieweePublisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 1990.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/A-0339/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: John Hope Franklin, legendary African American historian, shares some of his recollections from his early life in this interview, including his time spent as chairman of student government at Fisk, teaching at North Carolina College, and his record with the Southern Historical Association. The interviewer proposes some theses about race and history in the American South, and he and Franklin discuss various figures who flitted in and out of Franklin’s life, and in and out of southern politics and activism. While Franklin does not offer any lengthy thoughts on race or civil rights in the South, the interview does provide insightful anecdotes about the storied lives of Franklin and his contemporaries.Time: 1 hr.Subjects:
North Carolina–Race relations
African Americans–Political activity
Tennessee–Race relations
African American college teachers

Title: Oral history interview with Howard Fuller, December 14, 1996 [electronic resource] : interview O-0034, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Fuller, Howard, 1941-Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/O-0034/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: The North Carolina Fund, a forerunner to President Lyndon Johnson’s War on Poverty, served as a bold experiment in fostering cooperation between government agencies and the private sector during the early 1960s. Along with federal, state, and institutional support, the Fund relied on the support of volunteers. Between 1963 and 1968, over 350 student volunteers traveled to rural and urban communities across North Carolina to help implement the Fund’s initiatives. Howard Fuller worked as a community organizer in Durham, North Carolina, setting up neighborhood councils as sounding boards for neighborhoods’ problems. His experiences with low-income black residents shaped his lifelong work and involvement in anti-poverty campaigns. Fuller came to realize the importance of training local residents to become economically self-sufficient and politically active in order to effect long-lasting structural changes in United States society. In 1968, he helped establish the Malcolm X Liberation University in Durham. After the University’s decline, Fuller moved to Wisconsin, where he served as the superintendent for the Milwaukee public schools from 1991 to 1995. In 1995, Fuller resigned and founded the Institute for the Transformation of Learning (ITL) at Marquette University to provide assistance to charter schools. Fuller’s support of parental choice and school vouchers confused his former activist allies, but remained consistent with his belief that local communities best obtain equitable resources with political power and choice. Because policymakers’ memory of the North Carolina Fund increasingly began to fade, Dr. James Leloudis, of the Department of History at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Dr. Robert Korstad, of Duke University’s Sanford Institute of Public Policy, designed an oral history course titled “Race, Poverty, and the North Carolina Fund and Its Legacy” in the fall of 1996. Drs. Leloudis and Korstad developed the “No Easy Walk” conference composed from students’ interviews with former Fund participants and current policymakers. Fuller gave the closing speech at the conference on December 14, 1996. He offered suggestions on how to inspire continued and increased activism among the younger and older generations. Fuller’s remarks reflect his beliefs about the connection between economic and political power.Time: 0:51:11Subjects:
Fuller, Howard, 1941-
African American social reformers — North Carolina — Attitudes.
African American political activists — North Carolina — Attitudes.
Social justice.
Economic assistance, Domestic.
Educational vouchers.

Title: Oral history interview with Adetola Hassan, December 16, 2001 [electronic resource] : interview R-0160, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Hassan, Adetola, 1984?-. IntervieweeOther Author: Copeland, Barbara Anne, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/R-0160/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Adetola Hassan is a British citizen of Nigerian descent who grew up in Great Britain, Saudi Arabia, and Nigeria during the 1980s and early 1990s. She moved to the United States during the mid-1990s to live with her uncle in Missouri, and at the time of the interview in 2001 was a seventeen-year-old freshman at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. Hassan begins the interview with a discussion of her family’s conversion to Mormonism and their practice of that faith in Great Britain, Saudi Arabia, and Nigeria. Although she focuses on some of the obstacles her family faced in practicing Mormonism in those countries, she argues that it was not until she attended a Presbyterian school in Missouri that she “experienced intense hatred of the church.” She was ultimately forced to leave the school because she refused to renounce her belief in Mormonism. Hassan’s recollections are revealing of some of the tensions between the Mormon Church and other Christian denominations in the South. Hassan also spends considerable time offering her thoughts on various practices within the Mormon Church, including the temple recommend and baptism of the dead. Additionally, she explains what it was like to be a young woman in the Mormon Church. In so doing, she focuses on her participation in church groups; the centrality of family to the Mormon church; expectations of dating and double standards for young men and young women in romantic relationships; and her belief that gender hierarchies in the Church would neither inhibit her independence nor prevent her from pursuing both a career and a family. Hassan also addresses the matter of race in the predominantly white Mormon church: she describes her own experience as a young black woman, and she discusses the Mormon ban on black men entering the priesthood prior to 1978. She also explains the precedence of faith over race when choosing a marriage partner. Throughout the interview, Hassan’s comments are revealing of the growing role of the Mormon Church in the American South at the end of the twentieth century.Time: 1:53:36Subjects:
Hassan, Adetola, 1984?- — Interviews.
Mormon women — Southern States — Interviews.
Women, Black — Southern States — Interviews.
Nigerians — Southern States — Interviews.
Mormon women — Religious life — North Carolina — Cary.
Women in the Mormon Church — Southern States.
Mormon Church — Customs and practices.

Title: Oral history interview with Richard Hicks, February 1, 1991 [electronic resource] : interview M-0023, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Hicks, Richard. IntervieweeOther Author: Wells, Goldie F. (Goldie Frinks) Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/M-0023/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Time: 0:45:50Description: Richard Hicks, the principal of Hillside High School in Durham, North Carolina, at the time of the interview, describes his management style, his approach to hiring and firing, his attention to discipline, and other details of his position. In 1990, Hillside High School had a 100% black student body, and 70% of its teachers were black. Hicks does not believe that the school’s racial composition has contributed to its success, though, and despite the uniqueness of his position, he does not speak a great deal about race or the legacy of desegregation. Researchers interested in these subjects will find some brief excerpts in which Hicks denies the influence of desegregation on his own career (although he concedes that black candidates for principal positions need to have unique qualities to be considered) and comments on the relationship between black students and black teachers. Topics not covered in this interview are resegregation and the effects of white flight.Subjects:
Hicks, Richard — Interviews.
African American school principals — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
High schools — North Carolina — Durham — Administration.
African American schools — North Carolina — Durham.
Education, Secondary — North Carolina — Durham.
African Americans — Education (Secondary) — North Carolina — Durham.

Title: Oral history interview with George Watts Hill, January 30, 1986 [electronic resource] : interview C-0047, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Hill, George Watts, 1901-1993. IntervieweeOther author: Leutze, James R., 1935- Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0047/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: George Watts Hill, born in 1901, spent most of his childhood growing up in Durham, North Carolina. In 1918, Hill attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He describes what life was like in that community during the early twentieth century. Hill left UNC in 1924 after finishing both a bachelor’s degree and a law degree. After his marriage and subsequent ten-month honeymoon trip through parts of Asia and Europe in 1925, Hill returned to Durham, determined to continue in the footsteps of his father and his grandfather, both of whom had by that time become pillars of the business community in Durham. Hill describes how his family was responsible for the building of two hospitals in Durham and his father had begun to make a name for himself in banking, having established the Durham Loan and Trust Company (which later became Central Carolina Bank). Because of his perspective from a position of business leadership, Hill is able to offer a unique description of the development of Durham as a center of commerce during the early twentieth century. He describes the roles of various leaders in the area, such as C. C. Spaulding and members of the Duke family, and he discusses the impact of the tobacco and textile industries on the community’s growth. During the late 1920s and throughout the 1930s he pursued various business endeavors, notably in insurance and banking. He helped to found various insurance organizations in Durham, paving the way for the establishment and growth of North Carolina Blue Cross and Blue Shield. Simultaneously, he worked with his father to build their banking enterprises, and when the stock market crashed in 1929, they were in a position to offer loans to smaller banks, thus ensuring their economic survival. During World War II, Hill left North Carolina in order to work for the Office of Strategic Services. When he returned in 1945, he picked up his business endeavors where he had left off. To those efforts he added further forays into land and business development. During the 1950s, he was a prominent figure in the development and rapid growth of the Research Triangle Park. In addition, he tried his hand at dairy farming. Throughout the interview, Hill focuses on descriptions of business leadership and formulas for economic success. He also addresses such issues as balancing work and family, the importance of public service (such as his work with the UNC Board of Trustees), and changing ways of life in Durham and its surrounding areas.Time: 7:11:55Subjects:
Hill, George Watts, 1901-1993 — Interviews.
Businessmen — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Philanthropists — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Businessmen — North Carolina — Durham — Attitudes.
University of North Carolina (1793-1962)
College students — North Carolina — Chapel Hill.
Hospital benefactors — North Carolina — Durham.
Durham (N.C.) — Social conditions.
Durham (N.C.) — Commerce.
Banks and banking — North Carolina.
Blue Cross and Blue Shield of North Carolina.
World War, 1939-1945.
Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies.
Hill, John Sprunt, b. 1869.
Research Triangle Park (N.C.)
Dairy farms — North Carolina.
Duke family.

Title: Oral history interview with Wilbur Hobby, March 13, 1975 [electronic resource] : interview E-0006, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Hobby, Wilbur, 1925-. IntervieweeOther Author: Finger, William R, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/E-0006/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Wilbur Hobby was born in Durham, North Carolina, in 1925. In the early 1930s, Hobby’s father, a bricklayer, deserted his mother, leaving her to raise five sons on her own. Hobby describes growing up impoverished in the Edgemont section of Durham, where most of his friends had parents who worked in the tobacco or textile mills. Hobby remained in school through the ninth grade only, dropping out after spending a summer in Ohio working as a batboy for the Durham Bulls. Shortly after leaving school, Hobby’s mother signed a waiver for him to join the Navy at the age of seventeen, and he served in the South Pacific during World War II. He returned to Durham following the war and worked briefly with his father as a bricklayer before becoming employed by the American Tobacco Company. During these years, Hobby married. Although he argues that he had little awareness of the labor movement, with only foggy memories of the 1934 general strike as it occurred in Durham, Hobby explains how he became increasingly involved in labor politics during the late 1940s. Joining the union at the American Tobacco Company in 1946, he soon became actively involved and was eventually elected president of the night shift workers. From there, Hobby became an active participant in the Voters for Better Government in Durham, a coalition of laborers, African Americans, and liberal intellectuals from Duke University. Hobby describes how they became a formidable force in local politics during the late 1940s and 1950s. In addition, Hobby discusses his involvement with other labor organizations, such as Labor’s League for Political Education (LLPE) and the AFL-CIO Committee on Political Education (COPE). In 1958 and 1959, Hobby worked briefly for the textile unions in Florida and Georgia after he was fired from the American Tobacco Company. Because of his work with both tobacco and textile unions and the Voters for Better Government, Hobby had become well known enough in the movement to become elected as director of COPE in 1959—a position he held until 1969.Time: 1:28:53Subjects:
Hobby, Wilbur, 1925- — Interviews.
Labor unions — Southern States — Officials and employees — Interviews.
Labor unions — Southern States — Political activity.
Durham (N.C.) — Politics and government.
Political action committees — North Carolina — Durham.
Voters for Better Government (Durham, N.C.)
AFL-CIO. Committee on Political Education.

Title: Betty Hodges papers, 1987-1996 [manuscript].Author: Hodges, Betty.Location: UNC – Chapel Hill Libraries: Archival Materials (Wilson Library) Southern Historical CollectionCall Number: 4863Format: Archival Materials; audio cassettesDescription: Journalist Betty Ann Arnold Hodges (1926- ) was born in Waynesboro, Va., where she apprenticed as a linotype operator during World War II when shortages forced employers to hire women for jobs traditionally held by men. She received an A.B. degree in English from the University of North Carolina in 1950. Moving to Durham, N.C., in 1954, Hodges worked at the Durham Morning Herald, where she served in several capacities, including style editor and, for 43 years, book columnist. Hodges married newspaperman Ed Hodges in 1954; they had two children.
Three audio cassettes of interviews Hodges conducted with writers, 1995-1996, and a scrapbook of Hodges’s Durham Morning Herald articles that were entered in the 1987 competition for the Lulu Award for fashion journalism.Subjects:
Durham (N.C.)–Newspapers.
Hodges, Betty.
Journalists–North Carolina–History–20th century.
Women journalists–North Carolina–History–20th century.Web address:http://search.trln.org/search?id=UNCb3732514 ; http://www.lib.unc.edu/mss/inv/h/Hodges,Betty.htmlRestrictions: access restricted

Title: Oral history interview with Scott Hoyman, Fall 1973 [electronic resource] : interview E-0009, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Hoyman, Scott, Interviewee.Other Author: Ashbaugh, Carolyn, Interviewer.
McCurry, Dan C, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2007.Format: full text and audio accessDescription: Scott Hoyman was an organizer and bargainer for the Textile Workers Union of America (TWUA) beginning in the 1940s. In the 1950s, he began to organize textile mills in the South for TWUA before becoming the south regional director in the late 1960s. In this interview, he focuses on the TWUA’s role in the Oneita Knitting Mills strike in Andrews and Lane, South Carolina, in 1973. He begins by describing the situation for workers in these two plants, detailing racial dynamics in each plant: the Andrews plant consisted primarily of white women, whereas the Lane plant mainly employed African American women. After explaining how the International Ladies Garment Workers Union (ILGWU) became a less predominant force for these textile workers, Hoyman focuses on how the TWUA worked to help the striking workers. Throughout the interview, Hoyman describes various strategies and tactics for the organization of textile workers in the South. He stresses the conditions and activities leading up to a strike, the role of collective bargaining, and the impact of such factors as money and participation of workers. In addition, he stresses the importance of strong leadership and staff in successfully advocating for workers’ rights. Finally, Hoyman briefly addresses the history of the TWUA, describing interactions and tensions with similar organizations, such as the Textile Workers Organizing Committee (TWOC) and the United Textile Workers (UTW). He concludes the interview by stressing the importance of having a strong unified force for organizing textile workers and by offering an assessment of the TWUA’s work with major textile companies in the South at the time of the interview in the mid-1970s.Time: 02:27:58.Subjects:
Hoyman, Scott — Interviews.
Labor unions — Southern States — Officials and employees — Interviews.
Collective bargaining — Textile industry — Southern States.
Strikes and lockouts — Textile industry — South Carolina.
Textile workers — Labor unions — Organizing — Southern States — History.
Textile Workers Union of America.
Labor unions — Southern States.

Title: Oral history interview with Scott Hoyman, July 16, 1974 [electronic resource] : interview E-0010, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Hoyman, Scott. IntervieweeOther Author: Finger, William R, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/E-0010/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Scott Hoyman began working for the Textile Workers Union of America (TWUA) during the 1940s. He had first become aware of the labor movement while living in Philadelphia and attending the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. During his first years of service with the TWUA, Hoyman worked in New England; however, he was transferred to the South during the early 1950s. Hoyman attributes this to divisions within the TWUA when two of its leaders, George Baldanzi and Emil Rieve, were at odds. The organization was divided in loyalty to these two factions, and Hoyman recalls that the division was largely regional in nature—more conservative New Englanders sided with Rieve in opposition to the more radical Baldanzi faction, which had a large following in the South. Hoyman speaks at length about the impact of this division on the TWUA, particularly on its membership and efforts to organize locals in the South during the 1950s and 1960s. Shortly after the initial split, Hoyman was sent to Greensboro and then Durham, North Carolina. In Durham, he worked with the Erwin Mills in order to keep them from defecting to the United Textile Workers (UTW). Hoyman discusses the challenges he faced at the Erwin Mills and then shifts his focus to his work with the Cone Mills in Greensboro, North Carolina. Hoyman was based in Greensboro from 1954 to 1960 but was never able to build a very firm basis of support for the TWUA among the Cone workers. Throughout the interview, he discusses the role of leadership within the TWUA and its efforts to organize in the South. In addition, he discusses how the labor movement evolved after he became the southern regional director of the TWUA in 1967. Focusing on his first major effort to organize workers as a regional director in Whiteville, North Carolina, Hoyman emphasizes the difficulties of organizing in the South after the Baldanzi-Rieve split.Time: 2:06:52Subjects:
Hoyman, Scott — Interviews.
Labor unions — Southern States — Officials and employees — Interviews.
Textile workers — Labor unions — Organizing — North Carolina.
Textile Workers Union of America.
Industrial relations — North Carolina.

Title: Oral history interview with Bill Hull, June 21, 2001 [electronic resource] : interview K-0844, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Hull, Bill, 1945-. IntervieweeOther author: McGinnis, Chris, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0844/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Because he and all of his siblings were gay men, Bill Hull felt his sexuality was not unusual. Nonetheless, discretion was vital to southern gay men, say Hull. Public acknowledgement of homosexuality could result in economic recrimination or physical violence. He describes his coming-out experience as a teenager and the impact the liberating Chapel Hill atmosphere had on gay males. His experiences at the University of North Carolina and his participation in the local civil rights movement further awakened his sexual and social consciousness. Hull explains how the civil rights movement served as the basis for the later gay rights movement. He points to dominant gay personalities in Chapel Hill and the pivotal role early gay bars had on his sexual identity. The interview illuminates the public safe sexual havens on the UNC’s campus. He describes the fear of HIV and AIDS within the gay community in the early 1980s. Hull argues that the subsequent conservative backlash against gay culture negatively impacted the openness of the Chapel Hill gay community.Time: 1:34:17Subjects:
Hull, Bill, 1945- — Interviews.
Gay men — North Carolina — Chapel Hill — Interviews.
Gay men — North Carolina — Chapel Hill — Social life and customs.
Gay men — Sexual behavior — North Carolina — Chapel Hill.
Gay bars — North Carolina.
Gay men — North Carolina — Identity.
Gay men — Family relationships — North Carolina — Durham.

Title: Oral history interview with Charles M. Jones, July 21, 1990 [electronic resource] : interview A-0335, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Jones, Charles Miles, 1906-1993. IntervieweeOther Author: Egerton, John, Interviewer.
Jones, Dorcas, Interviewee.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/A-0335/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Charles Jones led the First Presbyterian Church in Chapel Hill during the late 1940s. In this interview, he briefly describes his education and how he entered the ministry. He spends most of the time discussing the controversies that occurred during his tenure at the church. The regional presbytery disapproved of his decision to allow African American Presbyterians to attend the church and to provide shelter to Freedom Riders after they left Durham, North Carolina. Jones also went against church rules by not having his members read the Article of Faith during service. He describes how the presbytery tried to force him to move to another church, pledge support for the Article of Faith, and segregate the church. Some local whites, including students and faculty at the University of North Carolina, supported Jones throughout this process. Nevertheless, he was eventually expelled from the Presbyterian Church for his views on race and faith. The interview closes with his opinions on the inevitable failure of the “separate but equal” doctrine and whether John Egerton, the interviewer, was correct in seeing the period between 1945 and 1950 as a missed opportunity for improvement in race relations.Time: 1:02:34Subjects:
Jones, Charles Miles, 1906-1993 — Interviews.
Jones, Dorcas — Interviews.
Chapel Hill Presbyterian Church (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
Civil rights workers — North Carolina — Chapel Hill — Interviews.
Presbyterians — North Carolina — Chapel Hill.
Race relations — Religious aspects — Christianity.
Civil rights movements — North Carolina — Chapel Hill.
Racism — North Carolina — Chapel Hill.
Graham, Frank Porter, 1886-1972.

Title: Oral history interview with Juanita Kreps, January 17, 1986 [electronic resource] : interview C-0011, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Kreps, Juanita Morris. IntervieweeOther Author: Haessly, Lynn, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0011/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Juanita Kreps grew up in coal-mining Harlan County, Kentucky, but eventually made her way to Durham, North Carolina, where she earned a Ph.D. in economics, and Washington, D.C., where she served as Secretary of Commerce in the Carter administration. In this interview, Kreps remembers a career, as she puts it, “of proposing things before people are ready to accept them.” Such things included the notion that women should seek out satisfying careers, a proposal to extend the age of eligibility for Social Security, and that day care should be provided for working women. Kreps herself, a female academic during World War II and already a professional success as women began to push for economic equality, was ahead of her time. This interview provides a brief biography of a woman who made a strong case for women’s rights before the women’s movement gained momentum.Time: 1:19:54Subjects:
Kreps, Juanita Morris — Interviews.
Women cabinet officers — United States — Interviews.
Women college administrators — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Feminists — United States — Interviews.
United States — Economic policy — 1971-1981.
Women in politics — United States.

Title: Oral history interview with Barbara Lorie, February 26, 2001 [electronic resource] : interview K-0211, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Lorie, Barbara. IntervieweePublisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0211/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: After the assassination of John F. Kennedy, Barbara Lorie became radicalized. She worked at Durham Academy for a year before Chapel Hill High principal May Marshbanks hired her as a literature teacher at the newly built integrated high school. There she employed unconventional teaching methods to eliminate racial barriers within her classroom. The Chapel Hill superintendent of schools as well as white Chapel Hill parents questioned Lorie’s tactics because of the uncomfortable atmosphere they felt it created for blacks and whites. Following the resultant demotion, Lorie quit and worked for Pinecrest High School in Southern Pines. There she encountered similar racial tensions between the students, leading her to conclude that racism is endemic. She argues that racism breeds violence, and she blames television for perpetuating a dominant and violent white male culture. Lorie also contends that not only blacks but whites were psychologically damaged by segregation; she maintains that whites isolate themselves from other cultures and that blacks lose their cultural identities when not integrated into the dominant society. Lorie’s social justice activism continues into her old age: she joined a predominantly black church to maintain an intimate relationship with blacks, and she identifies herself as a left-wing, environmentalist radical feminist.Time: 1:15:40

Title: McKissick, Floyd B. Sr., interviewee, December 6, 1973Publisher: Southern Oral History Program, UNC—Chapel HillCall Number: #A0134, Bass Devries Interviews, 1973-1973Restrictions: No restrictions. Open to research.Description: Floyd McKissick discusses a lifetime of politics and activism in this interview. McKissick was a devoted civil rights activist before and after World War II, integrating the law school of the University of North Carolina and aiding students in sit-ins in the 1960s. In 1966, he took over leadership of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), one of the nation’s most prominent civil rights organizations. Shortly thereafter, he left CORE to contribute to the development of Soul City, a town in rural North Carolina intended to showcase the economic potential of a new kind of community. In this 1973 interview, McKissick reflects on the civil rights movement and its legacies. McKissick held that African American leaders needed to find pragmatic solutions for solidifying the gains won with legal battles and public protests in the 1960s. One such solution, he believed, was to demonstrate the economic and social viability of a town free from racism: Soul City. In addition to considering broad themes of the civil rights movement and Soul City, McKissick moves through the interviewer’s list of questions about race and rights, answering queries about busing, averring his support for the legacy of former Governor Terry Sanford, and offering one civil rights leader’s evaluation of the movement and hopes for the future of economic and racial justice.

Title: Oral history interview with H.M. Michaux, November 20, 1974 [electronic resource] : interview A-0135, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Michaux, H. M. (Henry McKinley), 1930-. IntervieweeOther Author: Bass, Jack, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/A-0135/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: H. M. Michaux discusses his role in black electoral politics in the urban South. His grassroots engagement with local Durham, North Carolina, politics helped to catapult him into the state House of Representatives, where he has served since 1972. Michaux explains that black politicians need to employ different campaign strategies in black and white communities. He also offers insight into the inner workings of black political alliances, as well as the internal decisions involved with political offices. He speculates on the permanence of the Republican Party in North Carolina. Despite some Republican success, Michaux contends that the Democratic Party will continue to dominate North Carolina politics. He stresses the need for a Democratic coalition and black political education in order to preserve black electoral power.Time: 1:15:27Subjects:
Michaux, H. M. (Henry McKinley), 1930- — Interviews.
African American legislators — North Carolina — Interviews.
African Americans — North Carolina — Political activity.
North Carolina — Politics and government — 1951-
Democratic Party (N.C.)
Durham Committee on Negro Affairs.
Durham Committee on the Affairs of Black People.
North Carolina — Race relations — Political aspects.

Title: Oral history interview with John Thomas Moore, October 18, 2000 [electronic resource] : interview R-0142, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Moore, John Thomas, d. 2001. IntervieweeOther Author: Weber, Chris, InterviewerPublisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/R-0142/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Bishop John Thomas Moore Jr. says that Jesus began speaking to him when he was still in high school. His peers did not understand him, but his faith gave him the strength to endure their puzzlement, and he entered the ministry in 1957, just after he graduated. He had an active career, much of it in Durham, North Carolina, where he eventually founded the New Gospel Horizon Resurrection Holy Church, Inc. Moore’s father died in a hospital when Moore was young, the victim of a brutal beating and an unsuccessful amputation. His father’s death may have inspired Moore to use his faith to heal his congregants, laying hands upon them, and to bring his religious devotion to elder care facilities, a practice he stopped shortly before this interview because of his own health problems. Moore is fiercely devoted to God and believes that God and the devil are at work in his daily life. This conviction drives this interview, as Moore recalls his career in the ministry and his struggle with diabetes, an ordeal that, according to Moore, pitted God and the devil against one another on the battlefield of Moore’s body. This belief gives Moore a split worldview, one that sees the glorious potential of God’s love, but also the insidious influence of the devil and a steady decline toward the apocalypse described in the book of Revelation. His struggles—including a troubled marriage and his efforts to uplift the black community—and his successes all inspire him to further devotion. This interview provides a detailed portrait of the role of religion in one man’s life and his efforts to use his devotion to shape the world around him.Time: 1:29:33Subjects:
Moore, John Thomas, d. 2001 — Interviews.
African American clergy — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African American Pentecostals — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African Americans — Religious life — North Carolina — Durham.

Title: Oral history interview with Pauli Murray, February 13, 1976 [electronic resource] : interview G-0044, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Murray, Pauli, 1910-1985. IntervieweeOther Author: McNeil, Genna Rae, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/G-0044/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Pauli Murray was born in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1910. A few years thereafter, her mother died, and she went to live with her Aunt Pauline in Durham, North Carolina. Murray begins the interview with a discussion of her early memories of her family before shifting the focus to her childhood and adolescent years in Durham. Murray offers a vivid comparison of race relations in that area over the span of three generations, noting important class distinctions, hierarchies related to skin tone, and the evolution of racial violence. Murray recalls her early school years with fondness and argues that she was imbued with a strong sense of racial identity both at home and in school. Shortly following her graduation from high school, Murray turned down a full scholarship to Wilberforce University in Ohio because she had already determined that she no longer wanted to have a segregated education. During the late 1920s, Murray established residency in New York so she could attend Hunter College, a women’s school where she was one of a handful of African American students. Murray describes some of her experiences at Hunter College (she graduated in 1933) and her decision to stay in New York for a few years while working on her poetry.
During the late 1930s, Murray returned to North Carolina, partly at the behest of her Aunt Pauline, with the intention of pursuing graduate work at the University of North Carolina. In 1938, Murray was declined admittance to UNC because of her race. Her unsuccessful effort to challenge the decision was the first of three pivotal experiences in her journey towards pursuing a career in law. The second occurred shortly thereafter, in 1940, when Murray and a friend were arrested for violating segregation statutes and for creating a public disturbance when riding a Greyhound bus through Petersburg, Virginia. On the coattails of her arrest and short prison term, Murray began to work for the Workers Defense League, specifically with the legal defense effort for Odell Waller, an African American sharecropper sentenced to death for the murder of his white landlord. Her work on this case was the third pivotal incident, and it led her to meet Leon Ransom, who arranged for her to attend Howard University on a full scholarship. During her years in law school at Howard University, Murray continued to pursue her interests in matters of racial justice; however, it was also during those years that she became acutely aware of gender discrimination. After her graduation, Murray pursued further education at the University of California, Berkeley, and worked briefly as the Deputy Attorney General of California before accepting a position with a law firm in New York. During the early 1960s, Murray traveled to Ghana where she helped set up a law school. In addition to describing her work there, she also offers a unique perspective on African politics during the early 1960s. After her return to the United States, Murray worked as a law professor at Brandeis University and continued her political involvement on the Civil and Political Rights committee of the President’s Commission on the Status of Women and with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. In 1973, she left her position at Brandeis in order to enter the seminary, in part because she believed that the civil rights and women’s liberation movements had become too militant and that an emphasis on reconciliation would better result in equality. The remainder of the interview is devoted to a discussion of Murray’s poetry, her book Proud Shoes, and her views on racial and class differences within the women’s movement.Time: 5:18:41Subjects:
Murray, Pauli, 1910-1985 — Interviews.
African American women civil rights workers — United States — Interviews.
African American women lawyers — United States — Interviews.
African American women poets — United States — Interviews.
African American feminists — United States — Interviews.
African Americans — Civil rights — United States.
African Americans — Segregation — United States.
Civil rights movements — United States.
Women’s rights.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.
African American women law teachers — Ghana — Accra.
African American women clergy — United States.

Title: Oral history interview with Patricia Neal, June 6, 1989 [electronic resource] : interview C-0068, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Neal, Patricia, 1935-. IntervieweeOther Author: Nasstrom, Kathryn L, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0068/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Patricia Neal moved to Durham, North Carolina, from Connecticut in 1953 to study nursing at Duke University. Shortly thereafter, she married, started a family, and left school to help support her husband while he finished his medical training. Neal and her family settled in Durham, and during the late 1950s and early 1960s she became involved in the Parent-Teacher Association and the League of Women’s Voters, and began working as a substitute teacher. In 1964, Neal spent a year monitoring the Durham County Board of Education for the League. Her dissatisfaction with their decisions led her to run for a position on the board as a Republican in 1968. Neal lost the election by a small margin, but was appointed several months later when one of the five seats was vacated. After serving nearly eighteen years on the board, and as the chair for five, Neal was appointed to the North Carolina Board of Directors of the North Carolina Board of Education Association. In this interview, she describes the role of the Durham County Board of Education in the process of integration in Durham schools during the 1960s and 1970s. In so doing, Neal pays particular attention to African American leadership, demographics, and community responses to integration. After briefly discussing the presence of African American students at one Durham school, Hope Valley School, Neal shifts the focus to the impact of Alexander v. Holmes (1969) on Durham schools. As Neal describes it, the board had no resistance to integration but wanted to postpone until the end of the school year so that the students would not be disrupted. Their request was denied, and just before schools broke for the Christmas holiday, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals ordered that they integrate by the first of the year. Neal describes the role of the board in this process and argues that integration occurred smoothly and with only one incident of racial tension at Northern High School, which she and the board helped to mediate. In addition, Neal discusses the decline of Durham city schools as a result of integration; her thoughts on problems facing education following integration, including the issue of busing; and the role of gender in her own career.Time:1:26:42Subjects:
Neal, Patricia, 1935- — Interviews.
School board members — North Carolina — Durham County — Interviews.
Women local officials and employees — North Carolina — Durham County — Interviews.
School integration — North Carolina — Durham.
Education, Secondary — North Carolina — Durham.
Education, Elementary — North Carolina — Durham.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.

Title: Oral history interview with Joyce Nichols, 2006Author: Nichols, Joyce.
Interviewed by Jessica Roseberry on October 31, 2006.Location: Duke: Medical Center Library.
Finding aid in repository and on the Web.Call Number: Oral History Collection Transcript and CDFormat: Includes a CD and transcript of an oral history interview with Joyce Nichols.Description: First female to graduate from Duke University’s Physician Assistant Program, and the first African-American female to graduate from any physician assistant program.
Includes a CD and transcript of an oral history interview with Joyce Nichols. Major subjects in this interview include Nichols’ experiences as an African-American at Duke while studying to be a physician assistant and a licensed practical nurse, her experiences at Lincoln Community Health Center, and her struggles with the Housing Authority of Durham.Subjects:
Nichols, Joyce.
Duke University.
Duke University.–Medical Center.
African Americans–Housing–North Carolina.
African Americans in medicine.
Durham (N.C.)
Durham Housing Authority.
Lincoln Community Health Center (Durham, N.C.)
Nursing, Practical.
Physician Assistants–education–North Carolina.
Women in medicine.
History of Medicine–North Carolina–Personal Narratives.

Title: Oral history interview with Katushka Olave, December 9, 1998 [electronic resource] : interview K-0659, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Olave, Katushka. IntervieweeOther Author: Rouverol, Alicia J., 1961- Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0659/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Inspired by the leftist political traditions of her native Bolivia and by her mother’s political activism, Katushka Olave brought her devotion to social and racial justice to Durham, North Carolina. There she worked to promote these values through volunteering and work in community organizations. In this interview, she shares her opinions on social activism, aid organizations, and Latino cultural identity. Olave offers insight into race, identity, and activism, including her effort to bridge the gap between the African-American and Latino communities in Durham.Time: 1:01:36Subjects:
Olave, Katushka — Interviews.
Hispanic American women — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Social reformers — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Hispanic Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Political activity.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Relations with Hispanic Americans.
Community-based social services — North Carolina — Durham.

Title: Oral history interview with Conrad Odell Pearson, April 18, 1979 [electronic resource] : interview H-0218, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Pearson, Conrad Odell, b. 1902. IntervieweeOther Author: Weare, Walter B, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/H-0218/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Conrad Odell Pearson grew up in Durham, North Carolina. In 1932, immediately following his graduation from Howard School of Law, Pearson became involved in legally challenging segregation in higher education. The first part of the interview is dedicated to a detailed discussion of his work with fellow attorney Cecil McCoy on a case that challenged the decision of the University of North Carolina to deny admission to Thomas Hocutt, an African American, to the school of pharmacy. After the case failed in the state legal system, Pearson helped to reintroduce it at the federal level as a challenge to the Fourteenth Amendment, where it was ultimately thrown out on a technicality. Pearson continued to litigate against institutional segregation from the 1930s on, and in 1935 he helped to found the Durham Committee on Negro Affairs. In addition to describing his legal and political work for civil rights, Pearson offers an insider’s perspective on race relations in Durham, primarily from the 1920s through the 1940s. Pearson devotes considerable attention to describing the ways in which James Shepard, president of the North Carolina College for Negroes (later North Carolina Central University), and C. C. Spaulding, president of North Carolina Mutual, were leading members within the African American community. In so doing, Pearson offers numerous examples of Shepard’s and Spaulding’s leadership qualities and their ability to work closely with white politicians for the benefit of African Americans. Throughout the interview, Pearson expresses admiration for the leadership capabilities of these men while simultaneously drawing distinctions between their moderate politics and his more radical politics regarding race relations. In addition, Pearson emphasizes that he saw Durham as more progressive in terms of race relations than many other southern communities, citing a general lack of racial discord as evidence. Whereas Pearson devotes considerable attention to describing the role of African American leaders in shaping race relations in Durham, he also offers commentary on the ways in which industrial leaders, like the Duke family and Julian Shakespeare Carr, also shaped the social and racial landscape of Durham. Finally, Pearson discusses the organization of tobacco workers as it affected African Americans in Durham. This interview offers a lively and complicated portrait of race relations in Durham, North Carolina, and the struggle for socioeconomic equality in that city.Time: 3:18:40Subjects:
Pearson, Conrad Odell, b. 1902 — Interviews.
African American civil rights workers — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African American lawyers — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.
Spaulding, C. C. (Charles Clinton), 1874-1952.
Shepard, James E.
African American civic leaders — North Carolina — Durham.
Durham Committee on Negro Affairs.
Civil rights movements — North Carolina.
African Americans — Civil rights — North Carolina.
Segregation in higher education — North Carolina.

Title: Oral history interview with Lawrence Ridgle, June 3, 1999 [electronic resource] : interview K-0143, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Ridgle, Lawrence, 1931-. IntervieweeOther author: Rouverol, Alicia J., 1961- Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0143/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: This is the first of two interviews with Lawrence Ridgle, who was born during the height of the Great Depression and spent his childhood on Fayetteville Street in Durham, North Carolina. Ridgle begins the interview by recalling that his neighborhood was impoverished but close-knit. Ridgle describes the various ways in which people made ends meet through innovation during the Depression and helping one another out, arguing that “getting by” constituted great success. Ridgle also asserts his admiration for the social welfare programs that Franklin Delano Roosevelt implemented during those years because they put people to work and helped to feed people. Nevertheless, Ridgle also notes that he felt deep disdain for the modern welfare system. In addition to emphasizing community togetherness, he also discusses his father’s job with the American Tobacco Company, which he later elaborates upon in his second interview. Ridgle devotes the second half of the interview to what he sees as decline within the African American community, particularly as a result of urban renewal projects that began during the 1960s. Ridgle argues that these projects created a disconnect between African Americans of different social classes, and that thriving African American business in Durham had all but disappeared during the period of urban renewal. He articulates his admiration for business owners who held out as long as possible. Ridgle concludes the interview by arguing that although many people initially understood urban renewal in a positive light, it ultimately served to isolate African American neighborhoods and communities.Time: 1:03:50Subjects:
Ridgle, Lawrence, 1931- — Interviews.
African American men — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Economic conditions.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Social conditions.
Urban renewal — North Carolina — Durham.
African American neighborhoods — North Carolina — Durham.
New Deal, 1933-1939 — North Carolina — Durham.

Title: Oral history interview with Lawrence Ridgle, June 9, 1999 [electronic resource] : interview K-0144, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Ridgle, Lawrence, 1931-. IntervieweeOther Author: Rouverol, Alicia J., 1961- Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0144/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: This is the second of two interviews with Lawrence Ridgle, who spent most of his life living in Durham, North Carolina. Ridgle begins this interview by offering a detailed description of his father’s work with the American Tobacco Company, explaining that his father had a fairly good job with the company, considering the opportunities open to African Americans at the time. Following in their father’s footsteps, Ridgle’s sister also worked for the American Tobacco Company, she for more than forty years. Initially employed as a cleaning woman, Ridgle’s sister eventually rose in the ranks of the company to become the first African American foreman. In chronicling her unique achievements, Ridgle argues that her success was a source of tension for some African American workers, who dubbed her “the slave driver.” Ridgle shifts to a discussion of his years spent in the army, arguing that much like his sister, he covered new ground in the area of African American leadership. After first serving as a noncommissioned officer over an all-black battalion in the army, Ridgle presided over one of the first integrated battalions during the early 1950s. He offers numerous anecdotes about his experiences in the army, including the racial tensions he witnessed. Ridgle devotes the last third of the interview to a discussion of his thoughts on the state of affairs for the African American community at the time of this 1999 interview, focusing primarily on the impact of demographic changes resulting from a rapidly growing Latino population. In outlining some of the emerging tensions between African Americans and Latinos, Ridgle argues that Latinos offered a good example of industrious behavior for African Americans and expresses his hope that the two groups could learn from one another. Asserting his belief that urban renewal in Durham was detrimental to African Americans, Ridgle also spends considerable time explaining his disdain for the current welfare system and his perception of drug abuse in Durham, arguing that both contributed to the decline of the African American community. The interview concludes with Ridgle’s ideas for promoting alliances between African Americans, Latinos, and poor whites to work together for the benefit of all three marginalized groups.Time: 2:13:25Subjects:
Ridgle, Lawrence, 1931- — Interviews.
African American men — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Social conditions.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.
Durham (N.C.) — Population.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Relations with Hispanic Americans.
African American soldiers.
Tobacco workers — Employment — North Carolina — Durham.
Women tobacco workers — Employment — North Carolina — Durham.

Title: Oral history interview with Evelyn Schmidt, February 9, 1999 [electronic resource] : interview K-0137, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Schmidt, Evelyn, 1926?-. IntervieweeOther Author: Kaplan, Ann, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0137/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Dr. Evelyn Schmidt left the South after earning her undergraduate and medical degrees at Duke University, convinced that her liberal political views alienated her from a racially and economically polarized region. When she returned in the early 1970s to head the Durham Community Medical Center, she found a city transformed by desegregation, but with a new set of challenges posed by enduring poverty and an influx of new immigration. In this interview, Schmidt shares her beliefs about the importance of providing access to health care, the need for preventive medicine, her fears about a rising uninsured population, and the challenges of bilingualism. As she discusses these issues she describes not only her philosophy but also the needs of a changing community and the connections between race, class, nationality, and health.Time: 0:59:34Subjects:
Schmidt, Evelyn, 1926?- — Interviews.
Women pediatricians — Interviews.
Women physicians — Interviews.
Women pediatricians — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Women physicians — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Lincoln Community Health Center (Durham, N.C.)
Medical centers — North Carolina — Durham.
Durham (N.C.) — Social conditions.
Poor — Medical care — North Carolina — Durham.
Poor — Services for — North Carolina — Durham.
African Americans — Medical care — North Carolina — Durham.
Latin Americans — Medical care — North Carolina — Durham.
Equality — Health aspects — North Carolina — Durham.

Title: Oral history interview with Blanche Scott, July 11, 1979 [electronic resource] : interview H-0229, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Scott, Blanche, 1906-. IntervieweeOther Author: Jones, Beverly Washington, 1948- Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/H-0229/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Blanche Scott began working at the Liggett and Myers tobacco factory in Durham, North Carolina, at the age of twelve. She spent more than two decades there until she left to pursue a career as a beautician. In this interview, she recalls her two careers and her motivation to rise from poverty and her religious devotion. Researchers interested in the industrializing South will find her recollections of life as a child laborer in a tobacco factory particularly useful. She describes how relatively lax child labor laws enabled her to land a job, the dynamics of the factory floor and the influence of unions thereupon, and some of the details of tobacco work, including her handling of the noxious tobacco. This interview offers an interesting look at the tobacco industry, which dominated North Carolina for decadesTime: 0:57:14Subjects:
Scott, Blanche, 1906- — Interviews.
Women tobacco workers — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African American beauty operators — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African American women — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Tobacco industry — North Carolina — Durham.
Tobacco workers — Health and hygiene — North Carolina — Durham.
Tobacco workers — North Carolina — Durham — Social life and customs.
Child labor — North Carolina — Durham.
Beauty operators — Education — North Carolina — Durham.
Liggett & Myers Tobacco Company.

Title: Oral history interview with Ernest Seeman, February 13, 1976 [electronic resource] : interview B-0012, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Seeman, Ernest, 1886-1979. IntervieweeOther Author: Conway, Mimi, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number: http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/B-0012/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Born in 1887, Ernest Seeman grew up in Durham, North Carolina, as the American Tobacco Company grew to dominate the tobacco industry. Seeman begins with an overview of his family history. Although his father had migrated to North Carolina from Canada shortly before settling in Durham, his mother’s ancestors had lived and farmed in the area since the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. Seeman describes briefly what it was like to grow up in Durham during the late nineteenth century. Around the turn of the twentieth century, Seeman left school to go to work for his father. In 1885, Seeman’s father established Seeman Printery, and the younger Seeman spent his adolescence learning the family trade with his brothers. During the early twentieth century, the Seeman Printery worked closely with the Duke family, particularly one of Buck Duke’s associates, C. W. Toms. Through several anecdotes about his father’s business transactions, Seeman offers some interesting insights into the rise of the American Tobacco Company and its relationship to the community. Seeman describes the transition of the printery as it evolved from a small establishment to a larger, mechanized business. Eventually, the Seemans employed more than fifty printers. Ernest Seeman assumed control of Seeman Printery in 1917 and ran it until 1923. Two years later he was hired as the head of Duke Press, where he worked until 1934. During his time at Duke Press, Seeman helped to found the Explorer’s Club and worked closely with students. By the end of his tenure at Duke Press, Seeman had cultivated a reputation as a radical on campus and was forced to resign following his support of Duke students who lampooned the University dean and president and participated in an uprising in support of labor activism. Shortly thereafter, Seeman moved to New York before settling in Tumbling Creek, Tennessee. Seeman devoted much of the rest of his days to writing, and published his novel American Gold (referred to as Tobacco Town in this interview) just before his death in 1979.Time: 2:44:21Subjects:
Seeman, Ernest, 1886-1979 — Interviews.
Printers — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Printing industry — North Carolina — Durham.
Tobacco industry — North Carolina — Durham.
Durham (N.C.) — Economic conditions.
Seeman Printery.
Strikes and lockouts — Textile industry — North Carolina — Durham.
Duke University.
Student strikes — North Carolina — Durham.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.
Duke family.

Title: Oral history interview with Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans, 2006Author: Semans, Mary Duke Biddle Trent.
Interviewed by Jessica RoseberryLocation: Duke: Medical Center Library
Web address : http://archives.mc.duke.edu/mcaoralsemansm2_htmlCall Number: Oral History Collection Transcript and CDFormat: Includes a CD and transcript of an oral history interview with Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans.Description: Member of the Duke family and a female philanthropic leader in health care at Duke and in the Durham community. Includes a CD and transcript of an oral history interview with Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans. Major subjects in this interview include Semans’ experiences with health care at Duke and in Durham throughout her lifetime.Subjects:
Semans, Mary Duke Biddle Trent.
Duke University.
Duke University.–Medical Center.
Women in medicine.
History of Medicine–North Carolina–Personal Narratives.

Title: Oral history interview with Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans, 2007Author: Semans, Mary Duke Biddle Trent.
Interviewed by Jessica RoseberryLocation: Duke: Medical Center Library
Web address : http://archives.mc.duke.edu/mcaoralsemansm2_htmlCall Number: Oral History Collection Transcript and CDFormat: Includes a CD and transcript of an oral history interview with Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans.Description: Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans is a member of the Duke family and a female philanthropic leader in health care at Duke and in the Durham community. Contains CD and transcript of an oral history interview with Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans. Major subjects in this interview include Semans’s experiences with health care at Duke and in Durham throughout her lifetime.Subjects:
Semans, Mary Duke Biddle Trent.
Duke University.
Duke University.–Medical Center.
Women in medicine.
History of Medicine–North Carolina–Personal Narratives.

Title: Oral history interview with Asa T. Spaulding, April 13, 1979 [electronic resource] : interview C-0013-1, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Spaulding, Asa T. (Asa Timothy), 1902-1990. IntervieweeOther author: Weare, Walter B, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0013-1/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Asa T. Spaulding was born in rural North Carolina in 1902, but his scholastic aptitude soon removed him from the farm where he spent his childhood. After a high school education in Durham, North Carolina, Spaulding earned a degree from New York University and received training as an actuary at the University of Michigan. He returned to Durham to take a position at the North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company, a historically African American company where he spent his career seeking balance in his professional and personal life. He was president of the company from 1959 until he retired in 1969. Spaulding spends most of this interview describing his early life. He describes his rural community; he remembers applying his disciplined mind to his studies in New York City and Ann Arbor, Michigan, where he experienced some, but not much, racial discrimination; he recalls the transition from reliance on black burial associations to larger life insurance companies and his role in modernizing insurance practice; and he reflects on the nature of citizenship and humanity. Spaulding was a hard worker and a spiritual man who valued his time spent teaching the Bible. A self-reliant man, he cast his vote for Richard Nixon in 1972 but condemns him for his greed. This interview sheds light on a pioneering career and a set of beliefs behind a successful businessman and spiritually fulfilled person.Time: 3:03:04Subjects:
Spaulding, Asa T. (Asa Timothy), 1902-1990 — Interviews.
African American executives — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company.
Life insurance — North Carolina.
African American business enterprises — North Carolina — Durham.
Farm life — North Carolina — Columbus County.
Columbus County (N.C.) — Social life and customs.
African American college students.
African Americans — North Carolina — Columbus County — Relations with Indians.

Title: Oral history interview with Asa T. Spaulding, April 14, 1979 [electronic resource] : interview C-0013-2, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Spaulding, Asa T. (Asa Timothy), 1902-1990. IntervieweeOther Author: Weare, Walter B, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0013-2/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Asa T. Spaulding was born in rural North Carolina in 1902, but his scholastic aptitude soon removed him from the farm where he spent his childhood. After a high school education in Durham, North Carolina, Spaulding earned a degree from New York University and received training as an actuary at the University of Michigan. He returned to Durham to take a position at the North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company, a historically African American company where he spent his career seeking balance in his professional and personal life. He was president of the company from 1959 until he retired in 1969. Spaulding spends most of this interview describing his early life. He describes his rural community; he remembers applying his disciplined mind to his studies in New York City and Ann Arbor, Michigan, where he experienced some, but not much, racial discrimination; he recalls the transition from reliance on black burial associations to larger life insurance companies and his role in modernizing insurance practice; and he reflects on the nature of citizenship and humanity. Spaulding was a hard worker and a spiritual man who valued his time spent teaching the Bible. A self-reliant man, he cast his vote for Richard Nixon in 1972 but condemns him for his greed. This interview sheds light on a pioneering career and a set of beliefs behind a successful businessman and spiritually fulfilled person.Time: 2:01:39Subjects:
Spaulding, Asa T. (Asa Timothy), 1902-1990 — Interviews.
African American executives — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.
African Americans — Civil rights — North Carolina — Durham.
Segregation — North Carolina — Durham.
Durham (N.C.) — Politics and government.
North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company.
African American business enterprises — North Carolina — Durham.
Lowry family.

Title: Oral history interview with Asa T. Spaulding, April 16, 1979 [electronic resource] : interview C-0013-3, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Spaulding, Asa T. (Asa Timothy), 1902-1990. IntervieweeOther Author: Weare, Walter B, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0013-3/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Asa T. Spaulding was born in rural North Carolina in 1902, but his scholastic aptitude soon removed him from the farm where he spent his childhood. After a high school education in Durham, North Carolina, Spaulding earned a degree from New York University and received training as an actuary at the University of Michigan. He returned to Durham to take a position at the North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company, a historically African American company where he spent his career seeking balance in his professional and personal life. He was president of the company from 1959 until he retired in 1969. Spaulding spends most of this interview describing his early life. He describes his rural community; he remembers applying his disciplined mind to his studies in New York City and Ann Arbor, Michigan, where he experienced some, but not much, racial discrimination; he recalls the transition from reliance on black burial associations to larger life insurance companies and his role in modernizing insurance practice; and he reflects on the nature of citizenship and humanity. Spaulding was a hard worker and a spiritual man who valued his time spent teaching the Bible. A self-reliant man, he cast his vote for Richard Nixon in 1972 but condemns him for his greed. This interview sheds light on a pioneering career and a set of beliefs behind a successful businessman and spiritually fulfilled person.Time: 4:24:17Subjects:
Spaulding, Asa T. (Asa Timothy), 1902-1990 — Interviews.
African American executives — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African American executives — North Carolina — Durham — Attitudes.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.
African Americans — Civil rights — North Carolina — Durham.
Segregation — North Carolina — Durham.
Durham Committee on Negro Affairs.
Durham (N.C.) — Politics and government.
North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company.
African American business enterprises — North Carolina — Durham.
African American politicians — North Carolina — Durham.
Wheeler, John H. (John Hervey)

Title: Oral history interview with Jean Spaulding, 2006Author: Spaulding, Jean.
Duke University. Medical Center. Archives and Memorabilia.Location: Duke: Medical Center LibraryCall Number: Oral History Collection Spaulding, 10/3/2006, Release Form, Transcript, CD
Location 2: Duke: Medical Center Library: http://medspace.mc.duke.edu/medwmn/gallery.php?id=23&cid=33&body=transFormat: Book and online interviewDescription: Jean Spaulding is the first African-American female to graduate from the Duke University School of Medicine, a member of the Duke University Health System Board of Directors, and a member of the Josiah Charles Trent Memorial Foundation, Inc. Board of Directors.Major subjects in this interview include Spaulding’s experiences as a woman and an African-American in Duke University’s Department of Psychiatry and the Durham community, as well as her administrative roles in the Duke University Health System. This interview was conducted on 3 October 2006 by Jessica Roseberry.Subjects:
African Americans in Medicine
Duke University
Duke University Health System
Duke University–Dept of Psychiatry
Duke University–Medical Center
Duke University–School of Medicine
Durham (NC.)
History of Medicine–North Carolina–Personal Narratives
Hospital Administration
Spaulding, Jean
Women in Medicine

Title: Oral history interview with Jessie Streater, November 10, 2001 [electronic resource] : interview R-0165, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Streater, Jessie. IntervieweeOther Author: Copeland, Barbara Anne, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/R-0165/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Jessie Streater, an African American mother of three, converted to Mormonism in 1979, just one year after the church relaxed its ban on African Americans holding the priesthood, a position in the church that conveys certain privileges and responsibilities. Streater had been a seeker, visiting churches of various denominations before finding Mormonism, a religion that offered her the religious community that she desired despite its relatively recent embrace of full membership for African American men. In this interview, Streater shares some observations about the growing African American population in the church, as well some descriptions of Mormon practices and church organization. African Americans’ greatest disadvantage is their relatively small number within the church, meaning that they often have to look outside Mormonism to find spouses. But overall, Streater has found only spiritual succor, and not discrimination, in her more than two decades with the church. Interviewers interested in race and religion, as well as some of the details of Mormon belief and practice, will find this interview useful.Time: 1:14:10Subjects:
Streater, Jessie — Interviews.
Mormon women — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African American women — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African American Mormons — Religious life — North Carolina — Durham.
Mormon women — Religious life — North Carolina — Durham.
Mormon Church — Customs and practices.
Race relations — Religious aspects.

Title: : Oral history interview with Josephine Turner, June 7, 1976 [electronic resource] : interview H-0235-2, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: : Turner, Josephine, 1927-. IntervieweeOther Author: Sindelar, Karen, InterviewerPublisher: : [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: : Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/H-0235-2/menu.htmlFormat: : internet resource (full text and audio)Description: Josephine Turner was born in Durham, North Carolina, in 1927. At an early age, she experienced the sacrifices forced upon the poor, exemplified in her mother, who sought to impress upon Turner the value of education though she herself never made it past the third grade. She succeeded, but Turner followed in her mother’s footsteps when her father died, leaving school and inheriting her father’s job as a chauffeur at age fourteen. Turner’s ambition placed her in unique positions: a black female chauffeur, a businesswoman, a political aspirant. However, her willingness to experiment with different jobs, her devout religious faith, and her determination to succeed earned her more respect than wealth. In this interview she reflects on the fruits of her ambition, her background, her children, her working life, and her hopes for the future. This interview is more of a personal portrait than a window into labor, but it will be useful for researchers interested in life and work in North Carolina.Time: 1:44:16Subjects: Turner, Josephine, 1927- — Interviews.
African American women — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African American women political activists — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Social conditions.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Political activity.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Social life and customs.

Title: Oral history interview with Viola Turner, April 15, 1979 [electronic resource] : interview C-0015, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Turner, Viola G., 1900-1988. IntervieweeOther Author: Weare, Walter B, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0015/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: In this part of an extended interview, Viola Turner, treasurer of North Carolina Mutual Insurance, reflects on her childhood in Macon, Georgia. Born on February 17, 1900, Turner was the only child of her African American teenage parents. Her remembrances are of those of a joyous childhood in which her mother encouraged her to excel in school. In her vivid depictions of Macon, Georgia, Turner describes a town in which segregation was not acutely visible. She was largely unaware of racial discrimination during her childhood. Nevertheless, she discusses at length her perceptions of skin color and the ways in which some of her lighter-toned African American friends were often treated differently from those with darker skin. Educated at the American Missionary Association schools and Morris Brown, Turner’s first job was as an administrative assistant at Tuskegee Institute in Alabama in the summer of 1920. Shortly thereafter she took a job working for the Superintendent of Negro Education for the State of Mississippi, which she held for six months before going to work for the new branch of North Carolina Mutual that opened in Oklahoma City in 1920. Turner eventually settled in Durham, North Carolina. The latter portion of this interview focuses on her descriptions of entertainment and race relations. Specifically, Turner describes her interaction with various black performers and her experiences attending both black and white theaters in Durham. In addition, she explains her friendship with Eula Perry—who could easily “pass” for white—and the reactions their friendship elicited from various observers.Time: 3:52:00Subjects:
Turner, Viola G., 1900-1988 — Interviews.
African American women executives — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African Americans — Georgia — Macon — Social life and customs.
Macon (Ga.) — Race relations.
Segregation — Georgia — Macon.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Social life and customs.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.
Segregation — North Carolina — Durham.
African Americans — Race identity — Southern States.

Title: Oral history interview with Viola Turner, April 17, 1979 [electronic resource] : interview C-0016, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: Turner, Viola G., 1900-1988. IntervieweeOther Author: Weare, Walter B, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0016/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: This is the second part of an extensive two-part interview with Viola Turner, former treasurer of North Carolina Mutual in Durham and first woman on its executive board. Turner continues her vividly detailed discussion of early twentieth-century race relations from the first interview, beginning with several anecdotes about her experiences with racial discrimination while traveling by train in both the North and the South. She describes an itinerant musician she encountered in a Jim Crow train car while en route to Memphis, an experience she uses as a segue for discussing the Mississippi Blues as an especially unique form of regional African American popular culture. Although Turner argues that the Mississippi Blues was not pervasive in Durham (where she had settled in 1924), she explains that the city did have a thriving African American culture. After describing elaborate social gatherings for dancing and music within the African American community (particularly for the black middle class), Turner describes how community leaders worked to bring in prominent African American performers. According to Turner, the intricate social network of African Americans in Durham was integral in supporting African American professionals who traveled through the South. Turner also devotes considerable attention to describing the role of African American community leaders, including Dr. James E. Shepard of North Carolina Central University and C. C. Spaulding of North Carolina Mutual. As an employee of North Carolina Mutual, Turner had a unique relationship with Spaulding. She describes him as a paternal figure (she and other employees called him “Poppa”) and offers numerous anecdotes about how he looked out for his employees. She recounts, for instance, how Spaulding ensured that his employees had the opportunity to vote by personally accompanying them through the registration process. Turner provides insight into the inner operations of North Carolina Mutual as a landmark African American business in Durham, and stresses its central role within the community. In addition, she discusses her perception of nascent civil rights efforts, such as the formation of the Durham Committee on Negro Affairs; the effort of the NAACP on behalf of Thomas Hocutt to integrate the law school of the University of North Carolina; and lingering racial tensions in Durham. Finally, Turner offers commentary on gender dynamics, sharing her thoughts on instances of sex discrimination at North Carolina Mutual, expectations of single women workers within the community, and relationships: she describes her two short-term marriages in the 1920s, and concludes the interview with a long discussion of her third husband and his support of her work and in the home.Time: 6:28:10Subjects:
Turner, Viola G., 1900-1988 — Interviews.
African American women executives — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
African Americans — North Carolina — Durham — Social life and customs.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.
North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company — Employees.
African American women in the professions — North Carolina — Durham.
African Americans — Civil rights — North Carolina — Durham.
Spaulding, C. C. (Charles Clinton), 1874-1952.

Title: Oral history interview with William E. White Jr., October 29, 2000 [electronic resource] : interview R-0147, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).Author: White, William E. (William Earl). IntervieweeOther Author: Otto, Kent.
Crowe, Ashley, Interviewer.Publisher: [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.Location: Documenting the American South (website)Call Number:http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/R-0147/menu.htmlFormat: internet resource (full text and audio)Description: In this interview, William E. White Jr. describes his encounters with religion, race, and sexuality. Bored by the routines of his Baptist church, White sought something more energetic. He found this energy in the Charismatic Renewal movement, a fellowship of dissatisfied Christians seeking an intimate, powerful religious experience. White confronted his racial identity as a white student at Southern High School, one of the first high schools to integrate in the Durham, North Carolina, area, and at North Carolina Central University, a historically black school where his last name symbolized his outsider status. He also confronted his sexual identity as he struggled with being gay, but he eventually came to terms with what he calls his internalized homophobia. White discusses additional challenges, including his parents’ difficult divorce, a turbulent relationship with his father, and his struggle with AIDS, a disease that frightens him but which, he says, has enabled him to take risks he would not have taken before. This interview is an intimate portrait of a man standing at the intersection of spiritual fulfillment, race, and sexuality.Time: 1:04:32Subjects:White, William E. (William Earl) — Interviews.
Christian gay men — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Pentecostals — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
AIDS (Disease) — Patients — North Carolina — Durham — Interviews.
Gays — Identity.
Christian gay men — Family relationships — North Carolina — Durham.
Durham (N.C.) — Race relations.

Title: Oral history interview with Frances K Widmann, 2007.Author: Widmann, Frances K.Location: Duke: Medical Center LibraryCall Number: Oral History Collection Transcript and CDFormat: Includes a CD and transcript. Finding aid in repository and on the Web.
Interviewed by Jessica Roseberry on November 28, 2007.Description: Former director of the Durham Veterans Administration Hospital blood bank and faculty member in Duke’s Department of Pathology. Includes a CD and transcript of an oral history interview with Frances K. Widmann. Major subjects in this interview include Widmann’s experiences as a woman at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Duke University Medical Center, and the Durham Veterans Administration Hospital.Subjects:
Widmann, Frances K.–1935-
Duke University.
Duke University.–Medical Center.
Duke University.–Dept. of Pathology.
Blood banks.
Veterans Administration Hospital (Durham, N.C.)
Women in medicine.
History of Medicine–North Carolina–Personal Narratives.

Title: Oral history interview with James B Wyngaarden, 1982.Author: Wyngaarden, James B., 1924-Location: Duke: Medical Center LibraryCall Number: Oral History Collection, 7c Wyngaarden, 4/9/82, Tape 1Oral History Collection, 7c Wyngaarden, 4/9/82, Tape 1, Tape 2, TranscriptFormat: Contains audiotapes and transcript of an oral history interview recorded on cassette tapes.Description: Professor and administrator of Duke University Hospital and the Veteran’s Administration Hospital of Durham, N.C. . Major subjects in this interview include Duke University School of Medicine, the Department of Medicine, the research training program, clinical competencies, National Institutes of Health, and Eugene A. Stead, Jr.Subjects:
Clinical Competence
Duke University
Duke University–Medical Center
Duke University–School of Medicine
History of Medicine–North Carolina–Personal Narratives
National Institutes of Health (US)
Physicians–Interview
Stead, Eugene A
Wyngaarden, James B,–1924-

Title: Oral history interview with James B Wyngaarden, 2005Author: Wyngaarden, James B., 1924-Format: ManuscriptLocation: Duke Medical Center LibraryDescription: Former professor and administrator of Duke University Medical Center.
Contains audiotape and transcript of an oral history interview with James B. Wyngaarden. Major subjects in this interview include Wyngaarden’s experiences as a physician and administrator in Duke University Medical Center’s Department of Medicine and at the National Institutes of Health, including his leadership of the human genome project.Subjects:
Duke University.
Duke University.–Medical Center.
Duke University.–Medical Center.–Dept. Medicine.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
Human Genome Project.
Research.
National Institutes of Health (U.S.)
Wyngaarden, James B.–1924-
History of Medicine–North Carolina–Personal Narratives.

Title: American Communities Oral History Collection, 1996-1997; * Behind the Veil: Documenting African-American Life in the Jim Crow SouthAuthor: Duke University. Center for Documentary Studies; John Hope Franklin Research Center for African and African-American Documentation.Location: Duke: Special Collections LibraryCall Number: Manuscripts: 6th 18:C (master copies, box 1)(00-183) items1-100 c.1, 2nd 69:K (use copies, boxes 2-3) (00-183) Box 2, 2nd 69:K (use copies, boxes 2-3) (00-183) Box 3Format: Archival Materials, tapes, transcriptsDescription: American Communities: An Oral History Approach was a course associated with the oral history project Behind the Veil at Duke’s Center for Documentary Studies. The course was taught by Paul Ortiz at Duke University in 1996-1997.
Collection (00-183) includes a course syllabus, interviews of African-American North Carolinians on cassette tapes, some student self-evaluations, contracts, indices, and transcript excerpts. The area most represented is Durham, N.C. Students were to aim for insight into how African-Americans built communities during an age of racial oppression. The interviews include much information about family history and social and community issues. Acquired as part of the John Hope Franklin Research Center for African and African-American Documentation.Subjects:
African American families–North Carolina
African Americans–Segregation
African Americans–Social conditions
African Americans–Social life and customs
Behind the Veil Project
Durham (NC.)–Social life and customs.
Oral historyWeb address:http://search.trln.org/search?id=DUKE002779171 Restrictions: unprocessed collection

Title: Audio Documentary Institute student projects, 2003 SummerAuthor: Duke University. Center for Documentary Studies.Location: Duke: Special Collections LibraryCall Number: Library Service Center Acc. 06/035: Box 1, c.1Format: Archival Materials, tapes, transcriptsDescription: Collection comprises 11 oral history projects on twenty-five audiocassette tapes and one 3.5 floppy computer disk. The segments were created for radio broadcast and the general theme for the histories is tobacco agriculture and production in Durham and Orange counties, North Carolina. Specific topics include: Durham Bulls, architecture, auctioneers, organic tobacco farming, American Spirit tobacco, and anti-smoking campaigns, among others. Use copies must be created before patrons may access the collection.Subjects: Duke University–Center for Documentary StudiesWeb address:http://search.trln.org/search?id=DUKE003797576 Restrictions: unprocessed collection

Title: Brett Sutton and Peter Hartman collection, 1976 [manuscript].Author:
Hartman, Peter, 1959-
Sutton, Brett.Location: UNC – Chapel Hill Libraries: Manuscripts Dept Southern Folklife CollectionCall Number: 20042Format: Archival Materials; sound recordingsDescription: Brett Sutton (1948- ) was born and raised in Champaign-Urbana, Ill. He eared as Masters degree in 1976 from the Curriculum of Folklore at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. His thesis focused on African American spiritual folk singing around Raleigh and Durham, N.C. Peter Hartman (1959- ) earned a B.S. in 1975 UNC. Hartman, also a banjo player, joined Brett Sutton to explore their mutual interest in religious folk music. In 1976, they moved to southwestern Virginia where they worked on an NEH-funded project called “Religious Folksongs in the Virginia Mountains.” From this research, they produced a book and LP recording called Primitive Baptist Hymns of the Blue Ridge (UNC Press, 1982).
Sound recordings and documentation relating to Sutton and Hartman’s NEH project. The folk hymn singing tradition of conservative Baptists in southwestern Virginia in worship services and congregational meetings were recorded in rural churches, and interviews and songs were collected in congregation members’ homes. Supplemental information and transcripts include indices of texts, songs, and informants. Also available is an inventory and comparative summary of tunes collected and the NEH grant application, which includes a narrative about the purpose, significance, and scope of the project.Subjects:
African American Baptists–Virginia.
African Americans–Virginia–Religion.
Blue Ridge Mountains–Religious life and customs.
Blue Ridge Mountains–Social life and customs.
Church music–Primitive Baptists.
Church music–Virginia.
Folk music–Virginia.
Folklorists.
Gospel music–Virginia.
Hartman, Peter, 1959-
Hymns, English–Virginia.
Primitive Baptists–Hymns.
Primitive Baptists–Virginia.
Shape-note singing.
Spirituals (Songs)–Virginia.
Sutton, Brett.
Virginia, Southwest–Social life and customs.
Virginia–Religious life and customs.
Virginia–Social life and customs.
Virginia–Songs and music.Web address:http://search.trln.org/search?id=UNCb4484549; http://www.lib.unc.edu/mss/inv/s/Sutton,Brett_and_Peter_Hartman.html

Title: Cultural Perspectives of the 20th Century U.S. South Student Papers, 1997.Author: Duke University. Dept. of History.Location: Duke: Special Collections LibraryCall Number: Library Service Center Box1 c.1Format: ManuscriptDescription: Cultural Perspectives of the 20th Century U.S. South was an course taught by professor John Howard at Duke University in Fall 1997. Includes eight term papers composed based on oral interviews students conducted as a course requirement. Five of the papers include transcriptions of the interviews held, but no audio tapes. Three papers contain only indexes to taped interviews, no audio tapes or transcripts are present. One paper includes three audio cassettes, with an index, from the interview conducted. Topics include “Southern Woman as Politician and Mother;” “Women’s Perspective of Duke in the 1970s;” a history of the Glen Raven Textile Mills near Burlington, N.C.; African-Americans and racism in the workforce; Durham, N.C., school desegregation; and church-and-state issues in the South. (01-065)Subjects:
Discrimination in employment–United States
Duke University–Dept of History
Duke University–History–20th century
Durham (NC.)–Race relations.
Glen Raven Mills Inc
Minorities–Employment–United States
Racism
Racism–Southern States–History–20th century
Religion and state–United States
School integration–North Carolina–Durham
Southern States–History–20th century
Southern States–Social conditions
Textile factories–North Carolina
Women–Southern StatesWeb address:http://search.trln.org/search?id=DUKE003067411#tab5Restrictions: Unprocessed collection

Interviewee: Naomi GoldstonInterviewer:Will AtwaterDate: Jan. 19, 2004Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County LibraryDescription: Ms. Goldston talks about her experiences in the civil rights movement, the changes it brought about, and her belief in the importance of God and religion for society.

Interviewee: Kristin HerzogInterviewer:Barbara LauDate: Nov. 14, 2003Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County LibraryDescription: Herzog, a German citizen who moved with her husband to Durham in 1960, worked with African-American children in Durham. Her husband, Duke divinity professor Frederick Herzog, advocated for integration in the area. They attended Pilgrim United Church of Christ, where they supported integration, and they once attended Covenant Church, the first attempt to start a racially mixed church in the area. Mr. Herzog was involved in the protests at Watts Motel and Restaurant south of Chapel Hill, which resulted in a prominent court case.

Interviewee: Luther Holman, Jr., and Mary Holman, motherInterviewer:Will AtwaterDate: Jan. 18, 2004Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County LibraryDescription: Holman, Jr., talks primarily about family activities related to civil rights and neighborhood improvement as he was growing up. His father, Luther Holman, Sr., was a civil rights activist, neighborhood organizer, and advocate for Durham youth. His mother was the first black at the company where she worked.

Interviewee: Peter KlopferInterviewer:Jim WiseDate: Nov. 15, 2003Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County LibraryDescription: Duke zoology professor Peter Klopfer speaks about the shock of coming to the South in the late 1950s and seeing integration first hand. He and his wife were among the founders of the Carolina Friends School, which from the beginning operated according to Quaker principles and admitted black and white children. He was involved in civil rights demonstrations and other activities in the area, including the Watts Motel and Restaurant demonstrations and subsequent court case. Klopfer’s case went all the way to the United States Supreme Court, which ruled in his favor. He also talks about his personal relationship with his black neighbors.

Interviewee: Charles LeslieInterviewer:Will AtwaterDate: Jan. 18, 2004Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County LibraryDescription: Mr. Leslie speaks about his experiences in the Civil Rights Movement, including trips to Washington and other places to march, where he saw Dr. King. He also talks briefly about leaders of the Durham movement.

Interviewee: Oren MarshInterviewer:Cathy AbernathyDate: Jan. 18, 2004Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County LibraryDescription: Mr. Marsh talks about starting first grade in Durham as a precocious five-year-old. He discusses his musical career as part of a band that opened for the Temptations, Four Tops, and Tina Turner, among other famous musicians. He relates his experience at one of the mass demonstrations at Durham’s Howard Johnson Restaurant and being relegated to the balcony at Durham’s Carolina Theatre. He talks about his aunt and uncle, who worked for the Nello Teer family and lived on the premises for many years, and and the irony when, years later, his son became close friends with Nello Teer IV. Another interesting family story concerns his daughter, who married a white man from Monroe, in Union County, NC. He talks about all his uneducated, determined parents did to make sure their children had a better life than they had had. He talks about being the musician for Durham’s annual Civil Rights Workers Reunion and his reading of and love for black history.

Interviewee: Beulah MasonInterviewer:Spencie LoveDate: Jan. 18, 2004Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County LibraryDescription: Mrs. Mason talks about how she did not participate in civil rights activities because of her parents and her own fears for her safety and reviews some of her memories of the civil rights era.

Interviewee: Evelyn McKissick, Charmaine McKissick-MeltonInterviewer:Barbara LauDate: Nov. 15, 2003Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County LibraryDescription: Mrs. McKissick speaks about her efforts to get Durham schools integrated and her children’s experiences as pioneers in school integration. She talks frankly about the way they were treated and how she was a sort of caretaker for all the children in the early years of school integration, not just her own. She relates information about growing up in Asheville as a child of privilege. She talks about what it was like to be the wife of Floyd McKissick, a prominent lawyer and an activist in the local and national Civil Rights Movement—from the early years of their marriage to feeding 50 or 100 people who got invited home to dinner after a meeting to watching over his health in later years during his tenure as a judge. She talks about how she is different from other people both in her privileged background and her assertiveness and tells interesting stories to illustrate these qualities.

Interviewee: Fay Bryant MayoInterviewer:Jim WiseDate: Nov. 14, 2003Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County Library
Access RestrictedDescription: Ms. Mayo grew up in Wilson, NC, and came to Durham to attend North Carolina Central. She was very involved in Durham demonstrations, especially during her senior year at NCC. She also attended the 1963 March on Washington and took trips to Mississippi during that year. She worked briefly for the North Carolina Fund, which was created as a non-profit corporation with a mandate to create experimental projects in education, health, job training, housing, and community development. Ms. Mayo worked for many years in the Durham Public School system where she was a guidance counselor. During her time in the schools she conducted programs and activities for students about civil rights issues. She also reflects on how Durham has changed, especially in the areas of economic, housing, educational opportunities. She relates many interesting anecdotes.

Interviewee: Phyllis NuchurchInterviewer:Melissa Johnson and David CecelskiDate: Oct. 3, 2003Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County LibraryDescription: Mrs. Nuchurch talks about her father, Fred Hines, who was vice-president of the AFL-CIO when American Tobacco and Liggett and Myers were unionized. He also belonged to the Durham Committee on Negro Affairs and the NAACP, worked to get people to the polls on election day, and was very active in his church, St. Mark AME Zion Church. Mrs. Nuchurch relates how her youngest daughter was one of the first black children to attend a traditionally white New Orleans school. She tells how she moved back to Durham to care for her father in the late sixties and the changes that had occurred in Durham during her time living elsewhere.

Interviewee: Jane RyanInterviewer:Melanie WilmerDate: Oct. 2, 2003Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County LibraryDescription: Ms. Ryan, white and in her late 70s, grew up in Charleston, South Carolina. She was living in Willamette, Illinois during the 1960s with her husband and seven children when she went south to Mississippi and Alabama to assist with civil rights activities. She marched many times , including with Martin Luther King, Jr. She moved to Durham in 1970 to attend North Carolina Central University in health education and has lived in Durham since. In her interview she reflects on these experiences, the impact of the movement on the country and on Durham. She was not involved in any organizing in Durham.

Interviewee: Annie C. SmithInterviewer:Jim WiseDate: Nov. 14, 2003Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County LibraryDescription: Mrs. Smith (black) was employed at Woolworth’s in Durham when the 1960 sit-ins took place. She relates her memories of the sit-ins and her rise from a maid to manager of the lunch counter. She talks about her and her family’s interactions with white people and her generally positive feelings about them. She came from a rural family and was not involved in the Civil Rights Movement.

Interviewee: Nathan L. ThomasInterviewer:Jim WiseDate: Nov. 15, 2003Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County LibraryDescription: Mr. Thomas, African American, was born and reared in south central Alabama. After high school he was drafted and then went to college in West Virginia. He came to Durham in 1959 to work at NC Mutual as a printer and in advertising/communications. He was involved in civil rights work in Alabama (helped drive people during the Montgomery bus boycott) and in North Carolina where he helped drive people sitting in and protesting downtown and at Howard Johnson. He worked on many local political campaigns including those for Gene Hampton, Josephine Clement, Bill Bell and Willie Lovett. In his interview he also discusses his feelings about the “non-violence” approach, his involvement in a Presbyterian Church discussion group, and his thoughts about the legacy of the Civil Rights Movement and how things are for African Americans today.

Interviewee: Virginia WilliamsInterviewer:Barbara LauDate: Oct. 3, 2003Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham County LibraryDescription: Ms. Williams was one of the students who participated in Durham’s June 1957 sit-in at the Royal Ice Cream Company. She relates her memories of that day, her father’s background as an NAACP in the 1940s and 50s and his pride in her activism, and her continued activism in Durham.

Interviewee: Jennifer Smith WyattInterviewer:Barbara Lau, Brandon DorseyDate: Oct. 3, 2003Location: North Carolina Collection, Durham Public LibraryDescription: Mrs. Wyatt talks about being in the first group of students to integrate Brogden Junior High School . She gives detailed information about growing up in Walltown—going to the various stores, playing with neighborhood children. She talks about race relations, including relationships with the white children at Brogden and Durham High and an incident at Duke Hospital where she and her sister were removed from the waiting room and taken to a waiting room for blacks while their mother was visiting someone. She discusses how much of Durham’s black history has been erased.

Title: Glenn Hinson Folklife section collection, 1980 June 13 [manuscript].Author:
Hinson, Glenn.
Markham, Pigmeat.Location: UNC – Chapel Hill Libraries: Archival Materials (Wilson Library) Southern Folklife CollectionCall Number: PM358-361Format: Archival Materials, 4 audio recordingsDescription: Extensive oral history of Dewey “Pigmeat” Markham (1904-1981) of Bronx, N.Y., originally of Durham N.C. Markham was an African American medicine show and vaudeville performer, singer, dancer, and comedian. The oral history focuses on his career, his early work in medicine shows and in carnivals, and his later work on Broadway and on radio and television.Subjects:
African American entertainers–Interviews.
African Americans in radio broadcasting.
African Americans in television broadcasting.
Entertainers–United States–Interviews.
Markham, Pigmeat.
Medicine shows.
Oral history.

Title: The Long Civil Rights Movement: The South Since the 1960s: Gender and sexuality, 2007 (Series U.11).Author: Southern Oral History Program.Location: UNC – Chapel Hill Libraries: Archival Materials (Wilson Library) Southern Historical CollectionCall Number: 4007.U.11Format: Archival Materials, tapes, transcriptsDescription: This series explores how the South played a critical yet contradictory role in shaping both the women’s movement and the gay liberation movement. Many second-wave feminists and gay rights activists first gained experience as grassroots organizers in the South’s African American freedom movement of the 1960s. The South earned a reputation for its adherence to traditional notions of womanhood and masculinity and for its organized resistance to the Equal Rights Amendment and gay rights initiatives. It was in that southern context that many activists began to extend the goals of freedom and equality to questions of gender and sexuality. This series contains 25 interviews conducted by students and interns under the direction of Dr. Sarah Thuesen during the summer 2006 and spring 2007 semesters at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The students chose a broad range of feminists and gay rights activists as interviewees. Most were residents of the Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill area. Interviewees include one of the first women to integrate the United States Military Academy in 1976 and a male professor at the Academy who witnessed that change; two ministers of local churches affiliated with the Metropolitan Community Church, a predominantly gay denomination; several grassroots leaders within the local gay rights movement; participants in the women’s health and reproductive rights movements of the 1970s; former employees of Ladyslipper Music in Durham; Karen Parker, the first female African American to receive an undergraduate degree at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; the co-founders of Mothers Against Jesse in Congress, which organized in the mid-1990s against the homophobic rhetoric of North Carolina Senator Jesse Helms; an advocate for women’s collegiate athletics; activists with the Orange County (N.C.) Women’s Center; members of the Triangle-area Common Woman Chorus; veterans of the Southern Folk Cultural Revival Project, including Alice Gerrard; advocates for women’s involvement in politics, especially through the North Carolina Women’s Political Caucus; local organizers for National Organization for Women; and local participants in the Equal Rights Amendment campaigns of the 1970s.Subjects:
African American college students–North Carolina–Chapel Hill.
African American college students–North Carolina–History–20th century.
African American women–Civil rights.
African Americans–Civil rights–North Carolina.
African Americans–North Carolina.
Chapel Hill (N.C.)–History.
Chapel Hill (N.C.)–Race relations.
Chapel Hill (N.C.)–Social conditions.
Civil rights movements–North Carolina.
Durham (N.C.)–History.
Durham (N.C.)–Race relations.
Durham (N.C.)–Social conditions.
Equal rights amendments–United States.
Feminism–North Carolina.
Gay activists–North Carolina.
Gay liberation movement–North Carolina.
Gerrard, Alice, 1934-
Helms, Jesse–Views on homosexuality.
Lesbian activists–North Carolina.
Metropolitan Community Church.
Mothers Against Jesse in Congress (Political action committee)
National Organization for Women.
North Carolina Women’s Political Caucus.
North Carolina–Race relations.
North Carolina–Social conditions.
Oral history.
Orange County Women’s Center.
Parker, Karen L.
Raleigh (N.C.)–History.
Raleigh (N.C.)–Race relations.
Raleigh (N.C.)–Social conditions.
Reproductive rights–Women.
Segregation in higher education–North Carolina.
Southern Folk Cultural Revival Project, Inc.
United States Military Academy.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill–African American students.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill–History–20th century.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill–Women students.
Women clergy–North Carolina.
Women college students–North Carolina–Chapel Hill.
Women college students–North Carolina–History–20th century.
Women in community organization.
Women musicians–North Carolina.
Women–Health and hygiene.
Women–North Carolina–Social conditions.
Women–North Carolina–Social life and customs.Individual Names in Finding Aid:
Interview U-0197 – Abel, Joanne: Founder of Ladyslipper Music; gay rights activist, 3 April 2007
Interview U-0198 – Agnew, Nancy L. and Karen Dold: Founders of the Common Woman Chorus in Durham, N.C.; gay rights activists, 13 March 2007
Interview U-0199 – Allen, Calvin: Gay rights activist, 3 April 2007
Interview U-0200 – Allen, Jan (*): Founder of Lillian’s List; local organizer for the National Organization for Women; gay rights activist, 5 July 2006
Interview U-0217, U-0218, U-0219 – Barney, Elaine: Founding board member of the Orange County Women’s Center; women’s reproductive rights activist, 1 March 2007; 31 May 2007; 21 June 2007
Interview U-0209 – Beasley, Joseph: Vietnam veteran, professor of history and ethics at the United States Military Academy, 18 April 2007
Interview U-0201 – Boone, Belva (*): First African American female pastor at Saint John’s Metropolitan Community Church in Raleigh, N.C., 21 March 2007
Interview U-0202 – Clarke, Patsy: Founder of MAJIC (Mothers Against Jesse in Congress), 19 February 2007
Interview U-0203 – Fisher-Borne, Marcie: Gay rights activist; founder of Safe Zone for LGBT students at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Planned Parenthood outreach coordinator, 19 February 2007
Interview U-0204 – Floyd, Wanda: Founder of Imani Metropolitan Community Church in Durham, N.C.; gay rights activist, 22 February 2007
Interview U-0205 – Gerrard, Alice: Musician and veteran of the Southern Folk Cultural Revival Project, 2 March 2007
Interview U-0206 – Gerstein, Kathy (*): Female cadet at the United States Military Academy at West Point in the 1970s, 5 March 2007
Interview U-0207 – Glasser, Florence: Women’s rights activist; founding member of Women’s Forum and of the North Carolina Women’s Political Caucus, 11 July 2006
Interview U-0208 – Hall, Mary Frances: Advocate for women’s collegiate athletics; director of a summer camp for girls’ leadership training, 17 February 2007
Interview U-0210 – Knudsen, Betty and Beth McAllister: Civil rights and women’s rights activists; members of the League of Women Voters, 25 July 2006
Interview U-0220 – Nickolson, Catherine: Co-founder of Sinister Wisdom, a multicultural lesbian literary and art journal, 9 April 2007
Interview U-0211, U-0212 – Parker, Karen L.: The first African American woman undergraduate student at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 16 April 2007 and 18 February 2007
Interview U-0221 – Rucker, Rhonda: African American musician and veteran of the Southern Folk Cultural Revival Project, 14 April 2007
Interview U-0213 – Rudy, Kathy: Assistant professor of ethics and women’s studies at Duke University in Durham, N.C.; associated with Ladyslipper Music in the 1980s, 5 March 2007
Interview U-0214 – Sved, Margery: Psychiatrist; women’s rights and gay rights activist; founding member of the Durham Women’s Health Cooperative, 8 March 2007
Interview U-0215 – Vaughn, Eloise M.: Co-founder of MAJIC (Mothers Against Jesse in Congress), 30 March 2007
Interview U-0216 – Wells, Darlene: Women’s rights activist; former director of the Women’s Center and the Coalition for Battered Women in Chapel Hill, N.C., 14 March 2007

Title: The Long Civil Rights Movement: The South Since the 1960s: Oral history and the modern South, 2007 (Series U.13).Author: Southern Oral History Program.Location: UNC – Chapel Hill Libraries: Archival Materials (Wilson Library) Southern Historical CollectionCall Number: 4007.U.13Format: Archival Materials, tapes, transcriptsDescription: This series contains a group of 43 interviews conducted by students under the direction of Dr. Jacquelyn Hall during the Spring 2008 semester at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Topics bear on the history of the American South and are related to themes emphasized by the Southern Oral History Program. These themes include, among many others, women’s leadership from the 1920s to the present, second wave feminism, labor and working class history, the history of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, journalism, the legal profession, environmental issues, and southern politics. These class materials are related to the SOHP’s “The Long Civil Rights Movement” initiative, which aims to expand the understanding of the civil rights movement far beyond the dramatic decade of mass protests against segregation, stressing the struggle that began in the 1930s and spawned a series of other social movements from the 1960s onward. Students chose a broad range of topics related to “The Long Civil Rights Movement” including, but are not limited to, post-secondary school desegregation; politics and race relations in Durham, N.C., and Winston-Salem, N.C.; medicine and medical education at Duke University, gender, and race; the sit-in movement in North Carolina; the gay, lesbian, and transgender community in North Carolina; race and gender in athletics; and Spanish-language media. Also included in this series are 25 interviews by Rob Lalka with individuals active in the Orleans Parish Public Schools reform effort. Please see Series U.13 for interviews from Dr. Hall’s Spring 2008 course that do not pertain to “The Long Civil Rights Movement.”Subjects:
African American athletes.
African American physicians.
Discrimination in medical education.
Discrimination in sports.
Durham (N.C.)–History.
Durham (N.C.)–Politics and government.
Durham (N.C.)–Race relations.
Durham (N.C.)–Social conditions.
Educational change–Louisiana.
Gays–North Carolina.
Hispanic Americans and mass media.
Lesbians–North Carolina.
Medical education–North Carolina.
New Orleans (La.)–History.
Segregation in higher education–Southern States.
Transgender people–North Carolina.
Winston-Salem (N.C.)–History.
Winston-Salem (N.C.)–Politics and government.
Winston-Salem (N.C.)–Race relations.
Winston-Salem (N.C.)–Social conditions.
Women athletes.
Women in medicine.Individual Names in Finding Aid:
Interview U-0279 – Arakaki, Mia (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 11 March 2008
Interview U-0280- Armstrong, Brenda: African American physician at Duke Hospital in Durham, N.C., 29 February 2008
Interview U-0281 – Berger, John Paul, Deanna Leint, Stephanie Marrone, and Cherie Elizabeth Rankin (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 7 March 2008
Interview U-0282 – Chastain, Mary (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 14 February 2008
Interview U-0283 – Chen, Justin, Justin Lamb, Andrew Sullivan, and Sabrina Sambola (*) (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 16 February 2008
Interview U-0284 – Dodson, Daryn and Miji Michelle Park (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 6 March 2008
Interview U-0285 – Everett, Robinson O. (*): Politics and race relations in Durham, N.C., 29 February 2008
Interview U-0286, U-0331 – Eversley, Carleton A. G.: Politics and race relations in Durham, N.C., 27 February 2008 and 28 February 2008
Interview U-0287 – Floyd, Kwame A. (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 14 February 2008
Interview U-0288 – Freund, Sean (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 8 March 2008
Interview U-0289 – Greiner, Charles E. (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 16 February 2008
Interview U-0290 – Guitterrez, Kevin (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 12 March 2008
Interview U-0291 – Halls, Justin (*) (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 16 February 2008
Interview U-0283 – Hammer, Karl-Peter and Rachel Hammer(*) (interviewed by Robert Lalka), 16 February 2008
Interview U-0295 – Johnson, Charles (*): African American professor at Duke University School of Medicine in Durham, N.C., 16 April 2008
Interview U-0296 – Kingsland, Neerav (*) (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 10 March 2008
Interview U-0298 – Lee, Howard: Former mayor of Chapel Hill, N.C., 29 February 2008
Interview U-0299 – Leint, Deanna and Cherie Rankin (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 7 March 2008
Interview U-0300 – Marley, Melvin B.: Civil rights activism and race relations in Asheboro and Randolph County, N.C., 8 March 2008
Interview U-0302 – Mason, Aria Monette (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 13 February 2008
Interview U-0303 – Meinig, Adam (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 14 February 2008
Interview U-0304 – Mendez, John (*): Politics and race relations in Wilmington, N.C., 6 February 2008
Interview U-0306 – Mosley, Ann: Race relations and school integration in Asheboro, N.C., 26 February 2008
Interview U-0307 – Muller, Jan: Gay rights and the gay community in the American South, 4 March 2008
Interview U-0308 – Newell, Tyra M. (*) (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 11 March 2008
Interview U-0309 – Nix, Megan (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 10 March 2008
Interview U-0310 – Orange-Jones, Kira (*) (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 12 March 2008
Interview U-0312 – Pearlman, Alexander (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 8 March 2008
Interview U-0313 – Pullen, Kendrick D. and Nathan Rothstein (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 15 February 2008
Interview U-0315, U-0316 – Rivers, Carithia L.: African American basketball player at North Carolina State University, 28 February 2008 and 3 April 2008
Interview U-0317 – Roberts, Sarah Anne (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 14 February 2008
Interview U-0318 – Rok, Megan (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 10 March 2008
Interview U-0320 – Sawyer, Llewlee L.: Transgender and lesbian culture in the American South, 21 March 2008
Interview U-0321 – Schum, Debbie (*) (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 11 March 2008
Interview U-0323, U-0324 – Sutton, Crystal Lee (*): Trade unions and textile workers in North Carolina, 6 April 2008 and 13 April 2008
Interview U-0325 – Usdin, Sarah (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 10 March 2008
Interview U-0326 – Van Gelderen, Federico: Employed in Latino-immigrant broadcast media in the Research Triangle, N.C., 28 February 2008
Interview U-0327 – Williams, John Cardenas, Jr. (interviewed by Robert Lalka): Public school reform in New Orleans, La., 10 March 2008
Interview U-0328 – Wilson, Joanne A. P.: Second African American woman to graduate from Duke University School of Medicine, 21 February 2008
Interview U-0329 – Zartha, Rafael Prieto: Employed in Latino-immigrant press in Charlotte, N.C., 28 March 2008

Title: Mary Ann McDonald collection of Orange Factory oral history materials, 1852-1983.Author: McDonald, Mary Ann,. collector.Location: UNC – Chapel Hill Libraries: Archival Materials (Wilson Library) Southern Historical CollectionCall Number: 4381Format: Archival MaterialsDescription: In 1978, the city of Durham’s plan to construct a dam and reservoir on the Little River, which would eradicate the textile mill village of Orange Factory, eight miles north of Durham, motivated the people of the village to form the Orange Factory Preservation Society. They obtained nomination for the inclusion of Orange Factory on the National Register of Historic Places. As a result, the engineering company hired to build the dam financed an archeological investigation of the area and a social and economic historical study that included oral history interviews with Orange Factory inhabitants. The findings, however, were not considered sufficiently “historically significant” and, in 1983, Orange Factory’s residents were moved to other homes and construction of the dam began.
Transcripts of interviews conducted in April-May 1983 and a report written in August 1983 by Mary Ann McDonald, a graduate student in folklore at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. McDonald was hired by Mid-Atlantic Archeological Research Inc., of Delaware. She interviewed five men and six women from Orange Factory, N.C., whose dates of birth ranged from 1892 to 1921, all of whom had worked in the Orange Factory mill. Topics of the interviews included physical layout of the mill and its surroundings; relations with co-workers and supervisors; local health care; midwifery; recreational activities, including hunting, fishing, dancing, and crafts such as quilting; religion; and the 1983 closing of the mill and why many people chose to remain in Orange Factory instead of going elsewhere.Subjects:
Handicraft–North Carolina.
McDonald, Mary Ann.
Mid-Atlantic Archaeological Research, Inc.
Midwives–North Carolina–History.
North Carolina–Religion–20th century.
Obstetrics–North Carolina–History.
Oral history.
Orange County (N.C.)–Social conditions.
Orange County (N.C.)–Social life and customs.
Quilting–North Carolina.
Recreation–North Carolina.
Textile factories–North Carolina–History–20th century.
Textile workers–Health and hygiene–North Carolina.
Textile workers–North Carolina–History–20th century.Individual Names in Finding Aid:
Effie Roberts Castle
Odell Castle
William Henry Castle
Albert G. Cox, Jr.
Grace Johnson Crabtree
Virginia Johnson Dixon
Chester Ellis
Janie Roberts Ellis
Vesta Roberts Ellis
Vesta Roberts Ellis (Part II)
Beatrice Dixon Lanier
Garland Roberts
Ruth Johnson Suggs

Title: Special research projects: Miscellaneous projects, 1980s-1990s (Series R.1-R.9).Author: Southern Oral History Program.Location: UNC – Chapel Hill Libraries: Archival Materials (Wilson Library) Southern Historical CollectionCall Number: 4007.R.1-R.9Format: Archival Materials, tapes, transcriptsDescription: Included are projects about (Series R.1) the war on poverty in North Carolina; (Series R.2) Latinos in North Carolina; (Series R.3) the Hindu community in the Raleigh-Durham area; (Series R.4) integration and health care in North Carolina, with an emphasis on the training and experiences of African American doctors. (Series R.5) country musician Lily May Ledford, a member of the Coon Creek Girls; (Series R.6) the African American working class, especially workers in sawmills and lumbering, 1930s-1950s; (Series R.7) the Gateway Transitional Families Program for families in public housing in Charlotte, N.C.; (Series R.8) Montagnard refugees from Vietnam; and (Series R.9) contemporary funeral customs in the Gullah community in Saint Helena, S.C.

Title: Woman’s College Oral History Project, 2003-2006Author: Happer, Carolyn Murray, 1938-Location: Duke University ArchivesCall Number: Cage Box 1Format: Archival Materials: manuscript, cassettes, slidesDescription: Nine interviews with alumnae of the Duke University Woman’s College conducted by Carolyn Murray Happer from 2003 to 2004. Also includes one recording of alumnae reminisces from the 75th anniversary celebration of the Woman’s College Library in 2006.
Interviewees discuss their experiences and perceptions from their years at Duke University during the period of the co-ordinate college which existed from 1930 to 1972. Subjects interviewed include several class leaders, a member of the Duke family, and others who have had long established ties to the school after graduation. Also includes one recording of alumnae reminisces from the 75th anniversary celebration of the Woman’s College Library in 2006.Subjects:
Buschman, Barbara Perkins.
Corbin, Charlotte.
Crowell, Alice.
Duke University. Woman’s College.
Duke University. Woman’s College–History.
Duke University. Woman’s College–Students.
Greenberg, Bluma.
Happer, Carolyn Murray, 1938-.
Harris, Margaret A.
Lanning, Elizabeth Williams.
Merritt, Gertrude.
Oral history interviews.
Semans, Mary Duke Biddle Trent.
Women–Education (Higher)–North Carolina–Durham.
Women in higher education–North Carolina–Durham.Individual Names in Finding Aid: Interviews:

Buschman, Barbara Perkins, Class of 1946. Interviewed 29 September 2003. Buschman also worked at Duke from 1946 to 1993 in various positions. Her interview covers primarily her undergraduate years. A2003-45. One cassette.
Corbin, Charlotte, Class of 1935. Interviewed 2 July 2003. Former Duke Alumni Office employee. A2003-29. Two cassettes, 3 sides.
Crowell, Alice, Class of 1932. Interviewed 19 June 2003. A2003-29. One cassette.
Greenberg, Bluma, Class of 1947. Interviewed 23 September 2003. Greenberg discussed how she was treated as a Jewish student at Duke during WWII as well as soldiers returning from the war to school. A2003-45. Two cassettes, 3 sides.
Harris, Margaret A., Class of 1938 and Law School Class of 1940. Also served on the Board of Trustees, 1975-1987. Interviewed 18 July 2003. Harris discusses her decision to attend Duke and her time in Law School. A2003-45. One cassette.
Lanning, Elizabeth Williams, Class of 1931. Married Duke professor John Tate Lanning. Interviewed 17 July 2003. Lanning transferred to Duke from Queens and discusses social life, including her sorority and dances. A2003-45. One cassette, one side only.
Merritt, Gertrude, Class of 1931. Long-time Duke librarian. Interviewed 25 June 2003. Restricted. A2003-29. One cassette.
Semans, Mary Duke Biddle Trent, Class of 1939. Served on Board of Trustees, 1961-1981. Interviewed 6 February 2004. A2004-6. One cassette.
Smith, Margaret Taylor, Class of 1947. Interviewed 24 October 2003. A2004-6. One cassette.
Woman’s College Library reminisces. 23 March 2006. UA2006-35. One cassette.Web address: finding aid: http://library.duke.edu/digitalcollections/rbmscl/uawomoral/inv/

World War II Oral History Interviews, Durham County Library

DURHAM COUNTY LIBRARY OWNS THESE ITEMS

Interviewee: Elwood Wiley BagwellWeb Interviewer: Michael SmithDate: April 23, 1996Location: Durham County LibraryDescription: An oral history with Elwood Wiley Bagwell. Born November 7, 1919, in Durham, Bagwell served in the Army Air Corps during World War Two. Following the war he worked for the West Durham Lumber Company for thirty-nine years, from which he recently retired.

Interviewee: Lee BarnesIntervewer: Michael SmithDate: June 12, 1996Location: Barnes’s home, Durham, NCDescription: An oral history with Elwood Wiley Bagwell. Born November 7, 1919 in Durham, Bagwell served in the Army Air Corps during World War Two. Following the war he worked for the West Durham Lumber Company for thirty-nine years, from which he recently retired.

Interviewee: Charles Lindsey BrewerIntervewer: Michael SmithDate: May 17, 1996Location: Brewer’s home, Durham, NCDescription: An oral history of Charles Lindsey Brewer. Mr. Brewer was born on April 22, 1926 in Durham, North Carolina. Before enlisting in the navy and while still in high school, Brewer took advantage of the new social and economic opportunities the war offered Durham teenagers, such as USO dances and summer jobs at the post office and Camp Butner. He joined the navy in 1944 and served as a seaman on an oil tanker in the South Pacific until after the Japanese surrender. Following the war, Brewer attended Duke University under the GI Bill. He graduated in 1950 with a BA in business administration.

Interviewee: Louis James CarverIntervewer: Michael SmithDate: May 16, 1996Location: Carver’s home, Durham NCDescription: An oral history of Louis James Carver. Born February 7, 1921, Carver has lived most of his life in Durham, North Carolina. Carver was drafted into the navy in 1943 and served the remainder of the war on the light cruiser Topeka as an escort for aircraft carriers in the Pacific. Returning home, he was stationed in Portland, Oregon, until 1946. Following the war, Carver worked for a number of companies in Durham until he purchased theYellow Cab Company, which he ran until his retirement in 1994. At the time of the interview he was active with the Civitans and in promoting Durham’s history.

Interviewee: Stewart FulbrightIntervewer: Michael SmithDate: April 26, 1996Location: Durham County LibraryDescription: An oral history with Dr. Stewart Fulbright. Born December 11, 1919, in Springfield, Missouri, Dr. Fulbright served in the Tuskegee Airmen during World War Two, and afterward earned a Ph.D. in business administration from Ohio State in 1953. After many years as a faculty member and administrator at North Carolina Central University, Dr. Fulbright retired in 1982.

Interviewee: Betty Ann Arnold HodgesIntervewer: Michael SmithDate: Februbary 22, 1996Location: Hodges’s home, Durham, NCDescription: An oral history of Betty Ann Arnold Hodges. Born October 4, 1926, in Waynesboro, Virginia, where she apprenticed as a linotype operator when wartime manpower shortages forced employers to seek out women for jobs traditionally held by men. She attended school at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where she received an A.B. in English. Moving to Durham, N.C., in 1954, Hodges worked at the Durham Morning Herald, where she served in several capacities, including style editor and, for 43 years, book columnist. Hodges married newspaperman Ed Hodges in 1954; they had two children.

Interviewee: Louis Edward Hodges, Jr.Intervewer: Michael SmithDate: February 22, 1996Location: Hodges’s home, Durham, NC.Description: An oral history of Louis Edward Hodges. Born February 25, 1919, in Tarboro, North Carolina, Hodges grew up in the North Carolina Piedmont. In 1937, Hodges went to work as a sportswriter for the Winston-Salem Journal, beginning a long career as a journalist. Hodges joined the army air corps in 1941 and served as a pilot in the China/Burma/India theater during World War Two. Following the war he attended the University of North Carolina under the G.I. Bill, graduating in 1949. Following graduation Hodges went to work as a writer for the Durham Herald Sun, where he worked until his retirement.

Interviewee: William Emory McDonaldIntervewer: Michael SmithDate: April 30, 1996Location: McDonalds’s home, Durham, NC.Description: An oral history of William Emory McDonald. Born in Detroit, Michigan, McDonald served in the Tuskegee Airmen during World War Two and graduated from the University of Michigan in 1950 with an engineering degree. McDonald subsequently worked as the director of the physical plant at North Carolina Central University, from which he retired in 1991.

Interviews from “The State of Things” Program with Frank Stasio, WUNC Radio

Title: Barack Obama Draws a CrowdWeb address:http://wunc.org/programs/news/archive/NYK1102.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Friday, November 02 2007Description: Democratic Presidential candidate Barack Obama made a campaign stop in Durham Thursday. Four thousand people turned out for the event at North Carolina State University. Yasmeen Khan has more on the rally.

Title: The BeastWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot0912c08.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Friday, September 12 2008Description: Education is the foundation of Durham-based hip-hop band, The Beast. In fact, the group was first formed to complete an academic project. But what started as a scholarly assignment has now turned into an exciting fusion of knowledge, jazz and spoken word. The Beast has just released its first CD. The band members stop by to perform and chat with host Frank Stasio about musical storytelling and reaching out to young emcees.

Title: The Book Exchange 1933-2009Web address:http://wunc.org/programs/news/archive/Nli021609BOOKSTORE.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Monday, February 16 2009Description: A downtown Durham institution closed its doors over the weekend. The Book Exchange had been in business for 75 years. For most of those years – The Book Exchange was the place to be in academic circles for used course books and law books. Owners say it’s more than just the bad economy that forced this store to close. Competition from the internet has been gobbling up profits for years.

Title: Brighter LeavesWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot1112c08.mp3/viewDate: Wednesday, November 12 2008Description: From the American Dance Festival and the Bull Durham Blues Fest to Full Frame and the Troika Music Festival, Durham is home to some of the biggest arts and culture events in North Carolina. But, the thriving arts scene that exists today wasn’t built in a day. In fact, a new book called “Brighter Leaves” reveals how Durham was slowly transformed from a city known mainly for mass tobacco production into one of the most admired cultural capitals of the South. Historian Jim Wise joins host Frank Stasio to revisit Durham’s artistic roots and talk about what’s next for creative culture in the Bull City.

Title: Bull Durham at 20Web address: http://wunc.org/programs/news/archive/NDD0612Bulls_at_20.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Thursday, June 12 2008Description: Twenty years ago this week, the movie Bull Durham was released in theaters. The film starred Kevin Costner, Susan Sarandon, and Tim Robbins. It also starred the city of Durham, as nearly every scene in the film was shot in the Triangle. It would go on to commercial and critical success. It was named by Sports Illustrated as the greatest sports movie ever made. One of the lasting themes from Bull Durham comes not from the love triangle in the story or the realistic baseball scenes, it comes from the players pursuing a major-league dream that may never come true. Dave DeWitt reports that life hasn’t changed for minor leaguers – where every day might bring a grand slam or a pink slip.

Title: Chancellor James AmmonsWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=407Description: Celebrated educator James Shepard founded what would become North Carolina Central University in 1910. Since then, the college has been through several name changes — including Durham State Normal School and the North Carolina College for Negroes. Recently, the school added a major bioresearch facility and is in the midst of a growth spurt, but there have been high-profile setbacks, including the costly removal of toxic mold from two new dormitories. Host Melinda Penkava speaks with James Ammons, chancellor of North Carolina Central University, about the future of the school and its mission. Listener Call-In. (59:00)

Title: Documenting DukeWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=712Description: Host Frank Stasio is joined by John Biewen, director of the Audio Program at the Center for Documentary Studies at Duke University. This semester, John’s students produced audio profiles of some of Duke’s support staff. The assignment took on a different tone after news broke of the alleged rape of a Durham woman by members of the Duke men’s lacrosse team. John Beiwen talks to host Frank Stasio about what his students produced and includes examples from two of the pieces. One of the student producers, Bria Dolnick, joins the conversation. (26:00)

Title: Duke students ReturnWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot082306a.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Wednesday, August 23 2006Description: As college students return to campuses this week, we check in with Duke and North Carolina Central representatives as well as Durham area neighborhoods to see how the community is coming together after a divisive spring semester. Guests include WUNC reporter Rusty Jacobs; John Burness, senior vice president of public and government relations at Duke University; Mukhtar Raqib, student body president, North Carolina Central University; Daniel Bowes, community liaison for Duke student government; and Dorcas Bradley of the Southwest Central Durham Quality of Life Project.

Title: Durham: A Self-PortraitWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot1127b07.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Tuesday, November 27 2007Description: A clandestine basketball game played between white and black college students; a deep understanding among black and white elites that allowed each community to flourish; and, a Jewish man elected mayor in 1950. It was unheard of for such events to occur in the Jim Crow South, but they happened in Durham. A new documentary explores Durham’s emergence, post-Reconstruction, as a model city of the new South. Filmmaker Steve Channing joins host Frank Stasio to discussion the social and political underpinnings of Durham’s remarkable history.

Title: Durham CarolersWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot1222c.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Friday, December 22 2006Description: The Durham Carolers’ sonorous voices delight groups across the Triangle during the holidays, from the Kiwanis Club to the University Club. Ervin Worthy, Andre Montgomery, Tony Alston, Richard Butler, Nathaniel McLaughlin Sr. and Nathaniel McLaughlin Jr. join host Frank Stasio in the studio to share their a cappella holiday harmonies.

Title: Durham JazzWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=404Description: Melinda Penkava talks about jazz and what makes a good jazz scene with John Brown, bass player and professor of music at Duke University; Baron Tymas, guitar player and professor at North Carolina Central University; and Ray Codrington, a trumpet player. (17:30)

It’s with these two thoughts in mind that Doctor Joseph Moylan founded The Durham Nativity School in 2002. The school is based on a 30-year old model and offers students from low-income backgrounds a path to success. Tuition is free at the middle school, and all graduates receive scholarships to private high schools and the colleges of their choice. But even with that incentive, the road for many of the students is long and hard. Dave DeWitt reports.

Title: Durham Performing Arts CenterWeb address:http://wunc.org/programs/news/archive/Sli1201.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Monday, December 01 2008Description: The long-awaited Durham Performing Arts Center is open for business – even in a tight economy. It sits in eye shot of several major economic development projects in downtown – like American Tobacco. Zoe Voigt of Durham is impressed:
“I think it’s beautiful, I love all the glass and how from a distance as we were driving up, it was lit up, and it just looked bright and beautiful especially on this gray dreary night.”
The facility cost 44-million dollars and took two years to build – opening in one of the tightest economies in years. But that didn’t stop people from pouring in last night to see the inaugural performance – BB King.

Title: Face UpWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot0912b08.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Friday, September 12 2008Description: Downtown Durham has become a bit brighter thanks to artist Brett Cook. With a diverse army of community volunteers, Cook has completed several colorful murals that both honor the history of the Bull City and signal a brilliant future for Durham. Cook is a visiting artist at Duke University’s Center for Documentary Studies and he joins host Frank Stasio to talk about the intersection between art and social engagement.

Title: Father McBriarWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=309Description: In July, Father David McBriar retired from The Immaculate Conception Church in Durham. Prior to his nine years leading that church, he spent nine years as a Priest at Saint Francis of Assisi Church in Raleigh. Host Melinda Penkava talks to Father McBriar about his experience as a Fransiscan Priest in two very different churches.

Title: Fixing the teacher shortageWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot0914a.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Thursday, September 14 2006Description: North Carolina Central University has agreed to provide thirteen professors to teach math and science at Durham’s Southern High School. Host Frank Stasio discusses the challenges and benefits of the collaboration with Fred Williams of Durham Public Schools, NCCU provost Beverly Jones, and principal Rod Teal of Southern High School.

Title: The Future of DurhamWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=410Description: Urban revitalization is the buzz around cities across the U.S. It’s no longer out with the old and in with the new. In this latest trend developers are transforming urban wastelands into hip yet historic districts. Host Melinda Penkava looks at the hope and hype of urban revitalization with: Diane Pledger, president of the Hayti Center; Andrew Rothschild, a developer; and Bob Ashley, editor of the Durham Herald-Sun. Listener Call-In. (59:00)

Title: Indie Record LabelsWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=511Description: When Dolly Parton wanted to return to her bluegrass roots, instead of going with a major record label, she went with an independent one — Durham’s Sugar Hill Records. Why are the big names going with the little guys? Host Eric Hodge speaks with Bev Paul, General Manager of Sugar Hill Records; Mac McCaughan, co-owner of Merge Records; Glenn Dicker, label manager at Yep Roc Records; and Steve Balcom, partner at The Splinter Group in Carrboro about surviving and thriving in the music business. Listener Call-In. (59:00)

Title: Kim ArringtonWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=391Description: Host Frank Stasio speaks with Kim Arrington, who uses poetry to spread her healing message to the African-American community in Durham. Her latest compilation, “The Lapis Dwellers,” is an introspective exploration of what it means to be both black and a woman in America. She joins us in the studio to talk about her poetry and her passion for Durham’s communities. (12:00)

Title: Life on MarsWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot1220b.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Wednesday, December 20 2006Description: Durham photographer Jean-Christian Rostagni’s documentary images of American culture and politics are meant to serve as a wake-up call to the American people, whom he believes live in a state of blissful ignorance. He joins host Frank Stasio to discuss both the subtle and overt messages in his new exhibit, “Life on Mars, Part I,” on display now at Through This Lens gallery in downtown Durham. View the exhibit online here.

Title: Mamadou DiabateWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=485Description: For seven centuries, members of the Mandinka West African jeli caste of musicians have been preserving its culture through music. Jeli member Mamadou Diabate’s second album, Behmanka, which features both traditional and original music played by Mamadou, is a 2005 grammy nominee for best traditional world album. The album features Mamadou Diabate playing his kora, a 21-stringed gourd instrument. Host Frank Stasio talks with Durham resident musician Mamadou Diabate. (40:00)

Title: The Mantra TrailerWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot0313c.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Tuesday, March 13 2007Description: Durham audio artist Sherri Wood harnesses the power of language in her latest project: The mantra trailer. It’s a 1950’s era camper that’s been transformed into a meditative space in which people can record their personal mantras. When they are broadcast online and outdoors the private chants become public discourse.

Title: Meet Joseph HendersonWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot0219a.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Monday, February 19 2007Description: From the complexities of math, to the tragedies of gang banging, Joseph Henderson has devoted his life to teaching through theater. The founder of the Walltown Children’s Theater in Durham joins host Frank Stasio in the studio to talk about where he got his passion for the stage.

Title: Meet Joseph MoylanWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot0310a08.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Monday, March 10 2008Description: Six years ago Joseph Moylan had an idea to start a school that would educate future community leaders. The Durham Nativity School’s mission is a tough one: prepare students from low-income backgrounds for a life of higher education and giving back. We’ll find out how it’s working when we meet Dr. Joseph Moylan.

Title: Merck Plant Expansion in DurhamWeb address:http://wunc.org/programs/news/archive/Sli0620.mp3for_web.mp3/viewDate: Friday, June 20 2008Description: The Merck vaccine manufacturing plant in Durham is about to get bigger. Leoneda Inge reports.
Construction on the first phase of the Merck facility began in 2004. Workers would fill vials with vaccine shipped frozen from Pennsylvania. It was mostly children’s vaccines – Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Chicken Pox. The second phase was packaging the vials for shipment.
Merck plant manager John Wagner says in Phase three, the Durham plant will now make the vaccine.
“You know we’ve had excellent success in getting highly skilled workers that we need to run a plant like this and that’s why we’ve continued to expand as we’ve got confidence that this area can continue to support the growing vaccine business that we have.”
The expansion will mean at least 150 more workers – bringing the total at the facility to 400.

Title: Nnenna FreelonWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=448Description: The latest album by Durham jazz artist Nnenna Freelon tells a new story about the great jazz singer, Billie Holiday. Famous for her singular sound and her tragic life, Billie Holiday has inspired countless musicians. Freelon’s interpretation of her work brings out Holiday’s courage and originality. Host Frank Stasio talks with Nnenna Freelon about the new album, “Blueprint of a Lady: Sketches of Billie Holiday.” (59:00)

(This is a re-broadcast of a show that first aired on Aug. 24, 2005.)

Title: Pink FlagWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot1107c08.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Friday, November 07 2008Description: The women of Durham-based band Pink Flag never received the memo that real ladies aren’t supposed to like loud music. The trio likes rock tunes that are hard, full of attitude and played at full volume. The members of Pink Flag are making waves on the punk music scene in North Carolina with their energetic stage performances and the upcoming release of their first CD. The band joins host Frank Stasio to talk about their sound, thriving in a male-dominated genre of music, and to rock the studio live.

Title: Public ForumWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=715Description: Are high schools failing our students? Or are they better than ever? We kick off our series “North Carolina Voices: Studying High School” with a public forum looking at the state of high schools. Hosted by Frank Stasio and recorded last month, guests include: Howard Lee, chairman of the North Carolina Board of Education; Willie Gilchrist, superintendent at Halifax County Schools; Steve Unruhe, teacher at Riverside H.S. in Durham; and Tony Habit, executive director, The New Schools Project. (59:00)

Title: Race, Class & Sex in DurhamWeb address:http://wunc.org/programs/news/archive/Nli052406.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Wednesday, May 24 2006Description: Religious leaders, advocates against sexual assault, professors and the media will gather in Durham today to address issues raised by the Duke Lacrosse case. The gathering is called “The Durham Conference on the Moral Challenges of our Culture.” Many in the community say the alleged rape of a black woman by white members of the Duke Lacrosse team has exposed underlying tensions of race and class in Durham. Leoneda Inge reports.

Title: Re-drawing Jordan LakeWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot0107a09.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Wednesday, January 07 2009Description: Durham and Chatham counties are facing off over a proposed mega-development near Jordan Lake. Chatham County Commissioners are appealing to North Carolina’s Division of Water Quality to retain the lake’s current boundaries, but Durham County wants them redrawn. Matt Saldaña, staff writer at the Independent Weekly, joins host Frank Stasio to discuss the latest developments.

Title: Richard BrodheadWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=402Description: Duke University employs almost 28,000 people, and the school’s economic impact on the Durham region is estimated at almost $3 billion per year. What would Durham be without Duke? Or Duke without Durham? Host Melinda Penkava speaks with Duke University President Richard Brodhead about town/gown realtions and other issues facing higher education. Listener Call-In. (59:00)

Title: Sam WellsWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sam-wells/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Monday, December 25 2006Description: His latest books and essays deal with the culture of sex, homosexuality in the church, and the simple task of taking on politics and morality. Host Frank Stasio speaks with Sam Wells, dean of Duke Chapel, about his first year in Durham.

Title: Teens TalkWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=716Description: While parents and policymakers are consumed with the academic component of high school, students have much more than tests and grades on their minds. Host Frank Stasio recently sat down with ten students from Riverside High School in Durham to ask about their biggest concerns. On the next State of Things, from gossip and conformity, to staying safe and staying out of trouble…teenagers talk about high school. The conversation is part of the series “North Carolina Voices: Studying High School.” (59:00)

Title: Tipplers and DrunkardsWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=331Description: Archie Smith, Durham County Superior Clerk of Courts stumbled upon some 19th and early 20th century legal documents collecting dust at the Durham County Courthouse. The old papers tell the stories of church drunkards, “tipplers” and others around the turn of the century. Host Frank Stasio talks with Archie Smith about the documents. (6:00)

Title: Upbuilding Black DurhamWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot0203c09.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Tuesday, February 03 2009Description: In her new book, “Upbuilding Black Durham,” (UNC Press/2008) Leslie Brown meticulously details the history of Durham’s Black middle class including the important role of women and Black-owned businesses like North Carolina Mutual. Leslie Brown joins host Frank Stasio to talk about the historic coming together of gender, class and community in the Jim Crow South.

Title: Welcome to DurhamWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=401Description: For our first broadcast from the new North Carolina Public Radio studios at the American Tobacco Historic District in Durham, we look at our new home city. What makes Durham tick? Host Melinda Penkava explores the city that is home to Duke University, North Carolina Central University, the Durham Bulls, a flourishing intellectual community, crime problems, and Black Wall Street (to name just a few) with: Jim Wise, columnist for the Durham News; Eddie Davis, president of the North Carolina Association of Educators and a longtime teacher at Hillside High School; and Nick Tennyson, mayor of Durham from 1997-2001 and executive vice president of the Homebuilders Association of f Durham and Orange Counties. Listener Call-In. (59:00)

Title: Welcome to DurhamWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot0118b.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Thursday, January 18 2007Description: What started out as a way to promote a new record label turned into a labor of love and a community outreach effort for “Welcome to Durham, USA” executive producer Mike Wilson and producer Christopher “Play” Martin. They join host Frank Stasio to discuss the newly released documentary, which explores how a violent subculture sprang up around impoverished neighborhoods in Durham and what community leaders are doing to quell it.

Title: What’s Wrong With Boys?Web address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=723 Description: As girls continue to outperform boys in public schools, single-sex education is gaining traction as the next big reform movement. Host Frank Stasio welcomes co-host Corey Webster, a senior at Durham’s Riverside High School. Together, they speak to: Rosemary Salomone, St. John’s University law professor and author of, “Same, Different, Equal: Rethinking Single-Sex Education” (Yale University Press/2003) about the so-called boy crisis in education. Russell Harper, principal of North Carolina A&T Middle College, and Elizabeth Hudgins, senior director of policy and research at Action for Children North Carolina, weigh in on what’s being done in North Carolina to help disadvantaged boys succeed in school. Listener call-in. (59:00)

Title: Why Teach?Web address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=724Description: Teachers are often caught between increasing pressure from administrators to improve academic performance and low pay. So why would someone teach? And what is the future of the teaching profession? As part of the series “North Carolina Voices: Studying High School” we present a live forum on teaching. Host Frank Stasio is joined by: Eddie Davis, English teacher at Hillside High School in Durham and the current president of the North Carolina Association of Educators; Melinda Chambless, a Teach for America teacher, who is about to complete her first year teaching biology at Warren County High School in Warrenton; April Tisdale, a 10-year veteran social studies teacher who has been at Enloe Magnet High School in Raleigh for the past seven years; and Kenneth Dobyns, a teacher in the Freshmen Academy at West Johnston High School in Benson.. The discussion will be presented as a public forum in Bay 7 of the American Tobacco Historic District. It is free and open to the public. (59:00)

Title: Youth Document DurhamWeb address:http://wunc.org/tsot/archive/sot072106b.mp3/view?searchterm=durhamDate: Friday, July 21 2006Description: Local teenagers spent the early part of the summer recording their lives for the “Youth Document Durham” project at the Center for Documentary Studies. Host Frank Stasio talks with program coordinator Tennessee Watson and two of her students about the stories they produced, which include fitting in with the right clothes to getting out of gangs.

Title: Zippy ReturnsWeb address:http://www.ibiblio.org/wunc_archives/sot/?p=526Description: Host Eric Hodge speaks with Durham-based, best-selling author Haven Kimmel. Haven’s new book, “She Got Up Off The Couch” (Free Press/2006) is a sequel to her memoir, “A Girl Named Zippy” (Doubleday/2001), a book that delighted readers with its witty tales from Mooreland, Indiana. Haven is also the author of two novels, “The Solace of Leaving Early” (Anchor/2003) and “Something Rising (Light and Swift)” (Free Press/2005), as well as a children’s book, “Orville: A Dog’s Story” (Clarion Books/2003). (35:00)

Title: The Way It Used to Be: What It Was Like to Grow up Black in the Bull City (program)Speaker: R. Kelly Bryant, Jr.Publisher: Preservation DurhamDate: January 15, 2003Format: cassette tape, minidisk