Country-specific estimates of the incidence of intellectual disability associated with prenatal exposure to methylmercury

David C BellingerDepartments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, United States Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, United States Boston Children s Hospital, United States Electronic addressEnviron Res 147:159-63. 2016

..This paper reflects a summary of the talks presented at the Neurobehavioral Testing in Human Risk Assessment symposium presented at the 11th meeting of the International Neurotoxicology Association...

..Studies of early-life neurotoxicant exposure have not been designed, analyzed, or interpreted in the context of a fully developmental perspective...

Country-specific estimates of the incidence of intellectual disability associated with prenatal exposure to methylmercury

David C BellingerDepartments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, United States Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, United States Boston Children s Hospital, United States Electronic addressEnviron Res 147:159-63. 2016

..In such cases, points of disagreement among studies are identified and suggestions provided for approaches to resolution of the inconsistencies, including greater standardization of methods for expressing exposure and assessing outcomes...

A strategy for comparing the contributions of environmental chemicals and other risk factors to neurodevelopment of children

..Such a judgment reflects a failure to distinguish between individual and population risk. The population impact of a risk factor depends on both its effect size and its distribution (or incidence/prevalence)...

Comparing the population neurodevelopmental burdens associated with children's exposures to environmental chemicals and other risk factors

..Children with congenitally malformed hearts who underwent reparative surgery in infancy using a strategy of severe haemodilution and alpha stat are at increased risk of behavioural problems in middle childhood...

Lead neurotoxicity and socioeconomic status: conceptual and analytical issues

..Studies employing neuroimaging modalities such as volumetric, diffusion tensor, and functional MRI are providing insights into the neural bases of the cognitive impairments associated with greater lead exposure...

Adolescents with d-transposition of the great arteries corrected with the arterial switch procedure: neuropsychological assessment and structural brain imaging

..In ongoing evaluations of the children as adolescents, we are testing these hypotheses more systematically by administering several instruments specifically developed to assess "theory of mind" and alexithymia...

Interpretation of small effect sizes in occupational and environmental neurotoxicology: individual versus population risk

..Our goal was to determine which of the two major methods of vital organ support used in infant cardiac surgery, total circulatory arrest and low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass, results in better neurodevelopmental outcomes at school age...

Length of stay after infant heart surgery is related to cognitive outcome at age 8 years

..To test the hypothesis that postoperative length of stay (LOS) after infant heart surgery might be an easily measured surrogate marker for various events that culminate in later adverse cognitive outcome...

Relationship of intraoperative cerebral oxygen saturation to neurodevelopmental outcome and brain magnetic resonance imaging at 1 year of age in infants undergoing biventricular repair

..Overall, our analyses support prior research that children's blood levels <10 microg/dL are related to compromised cognition and highlight that these may especially be related to academic achievement...

..3, -0.9) for the WRAVMA. Fish consumption of < or =2 servings/week was not associated with a benefit. Dietary recommendations for pregnant women should incorporate the nutritional benefits as well as the risks of fish intake...

Lead burden and psychiatric symptoms and the modifying influence of the delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) polymorphism: the VA Normative Aging Study

..0+/-22.5, respectively. Behavior ratings were not associated with blood lead level. Lead exposure is a significant problem among Indian children, with many having blood lead levels associated with increased neurodevelopmental risk...

The influence of hemodilution on outcome after hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: results of a randomized trial in infants

..The goal was to examine the association between urinary concentrations of dialkyl phosphate metabolites of organophosphates and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children 8 to 15 years of age...

A quantitative analysis of prenatal intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognitive development

..To summarize recent evidence regarding associations of early life exposure to mercury from maternal fish consumption during pregnancy, thimerosal in vaccines and dental amalgam with child neurodevelopment...

Intraoperative hyperglycemia during infant cardiac surgery is not associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes at 1, 4, and 8 years

..Survivors of the Norwood procedure may experience neurodevelopmental impairment. Clinical trials to improve outcomes have focused primarily on methods of vital organ support during cardiopulmonary bypass...

Associations of maternal fish intake during pregnancy and breastfeeding duration with attainment of developmental milestones in early childhood: a study from the Danish National Birth Cohort

..Few studies have examined the overall effect of maternal fish intake during pregnancy on child development or examined whether the developmental benefits of maternal fish intake are greater in infants breastfed for a shorter duration...

..76, 95% confidence interval: 1.06, 2.92) and a similar relation for p,p'-DDE. These results support an association between low-level prenatal organochlorine exposure and ADHD-like behaviors in childhood...

Influence of parental stress and social support on the behavioral adjustment of children with transposition of the great arteries

..Social support, however, did not moderate the relationship between stress and child behavior problems. Early detection of distressed families may assist in alleviating stress and reducing behavior problems...

Perspectives on incorporating human neurobehavioral end points in risk assessments

..Use of neurobehavioral test scores involves considerations that differ little from those that the risk assessor routinely addresses in using end points commonly used in research on other topics in environmental epidemiology...

..A biologic mechanism for lead cariogenicity has not been identified, however. Our data are also consistent with residual confounding by factors associated with both elevated lead exposure and dental caries...

Neuropsychological correlates of hair arsenic, manganese, and cadmium levels in school-age children residing near a hazardous waste site

Robert O WrightHarvard School of Public Health, USANeurotoxicology 27:210-6. 2006

..No other significant relationships were found. These results suggest the need to study further the neuropsychological correlates of developmental exposure to Mn and As, particularly as a mixture...

..Use of neurobehavioral test scores involves considerations that differ little from those that the risk assessor routinely addresses in using end points commonly used in research on other topics in environmental epidemiology...

..Explicit learning was predicted by cognitive ability, but not by reading or attention problems. Thus, we found no evidence that poor reading is preferentially associated with a domain general deficit in sequential learning...

A quantitative risk-benefit analysis of changes in population fish consumption

..Nonetheless, if properly designed, the NCS could serve as an excellent resource for investigating future hypotheses regarding endocrine disruption...

Social ecology of children's vulnerability to environmental pollutants

Bernard WeissDepartment of Environmental Medicine, Environmental Health Sciences Center, and Center for Reproductive Epidemiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USAEnviron Health Perspect 114:1479-85. 2006

..Such approaches blur the reality of how the early environment establishes enduring biologic substrates...

Low-level environmental lead exposure and children's intellectual function: an international pooled analysis

..Prenatal exposure to mercury has been associated with adverse childhood neurologic outcomes in epidemiologic studies. Dose-response information for this relationship is useful for estimating benefits of reduced mercury exposure...

Early postoperative body temperature and developmental outcome after open heart surgery in infants

..04-30). Helminth infection was associated with lower performance in three of the four cognitive domains examined in this study. These relationships remained after rigorous control for other helminths and important confounding covariates...

Research Grants2

..Members of the faculty currently conduct a wealth of multidisciplinary research, which will provide trainees with ready opportunities to apply their training in ongoing research projects. [unreadable] [unreadable]..