To put it briefly, no. Usually, an ISP will own a whole Class B or even A network, and then subnet it from there for physical locations. Example, 170.10.0.0 is owned by "ISP Networks". From there, it will subnet it further. So it could create say 170.10.1.0 network that is for New York City, 170.10.3.0 network that is for Boston, etc. From there, it can subnet it further so that DHCP can hand out addresses to individual hosts grouped physically together. So 170.10.1.0/22 can be variably subnetted to provide enough addresses for all the boroughs of New York like Brooklyn, Harlem, etc. Basically what I have described is CIDR or supernetting.

The location of an IP address is dependant on the ISP that owns it, not any predetermined scheme. I'm assuming they are required to report the location of their blocks of addresses to ARIN or whoever. A good thing to use in campus networks however, is correlating your vlans to subnets, e.g. vlan 18 is 192.168.18.1/24. This was a good question and I hope I helped.

My understanding is that this is just an IP address which has 2 parts, a network part & a host part.

Network Part: 170.10.0.0

Host Part: 118.1

Now further analysing, since this is a class "B" ip address, i would say that the network part ( 172.10.0.0 ) represents a network of computers, probably an organisation or anyone who can own a class "B" network. So as per you lets take it as microsoft. And the host part ( 118.1 ) represents the address of one particular host in that complete network for microsoft.

Also we can say that the network can contain a maximum of
( 2 ^ 16 ) - 2 hosts in it ( conditions apply ) :wink:

Thats all we can interpret from the IP Address.

If we want some more refined information then we will probably need the Subnet Mask or Netmask ( whatever applicable ) also.

Next would be SP (Service Provider)
CCNA, CCNP (Switching), CCIE#20640

ermm..i can get it but a little 'kilo'bit confused
ok..let say i have 5000 user at my campus(hostel)..
so the best way i should used is class C..is it true?
my understanding is, from 192.168.1.0 to 192.168.1.255 have 254 host and 192.168.0.0 is for network address and 192.168.0.255 for brodcast address..

so at my campus have 10 building
every building have 500 user..
i want to segregate 1 vlan per building..
total 10 building should have 10 vlan..
when using class C. i'm plan to do it like this:

This looks like a logical design. The only thing that worries me is you said each building will have 500 users, but you will also have one VLAN per building supporting 254 IP addresses. Unless you know for certain that everyone won't be on at the same time (not a fun mistake if not right), then you'll probably want to either increase the subnet mask to /23 or assign two VLANs per building.