self-reported frequency of unprotected sex or sex sold/traded for drugs

Current Other Outcome Measures ICMJE

Not Provided

Original Other Outcome Measures ICMJE

Not Provided

Descriptive Information

Brief Title ICMJE

Drug Treatment Combined With Drug and Risk Reduction Counseling in the Prevention of HIV Infection and Death Among Injection Drug Users

Official Title ICMJE

A Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Drug Treatment in Prevention of HIV Infection and Death Among Opiate Dependent Injectors

Brief Summary

Drug abuse and HIV/AIDS are serious global health problems. Injection drug use is currently the major mode of transmission of HIV in many countries. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of drug and risk reduction counseling combined with either substitution drug treatment with buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NX) or short-term detoxification with BUP/NX in preventing HIV transmission among injection drug users. Participants will be recruited for this study in China and Thailand.

Detailed Description

Effective HIV prevention among injection drug users (IDUs) requires educating the at-risk population about HIV transmission and risky behavior, and providing the means for behavior change. Current treatment for opiate dependence focuses on reducing the frequency of drug use. BUP/NX is a combination pill currently used to treat opiate-dependent individuals. This trial will evaluate the effectiveness of two therapies in preventing HIV transmission among IDUs. Drug and risk reduction counseling combined with either long term medication assisted treatment (LT-MAT) with BUP/NX or short term medication assisted treatment (ST-MAT) with BUP/NX will be compared in preventing the transmission of HIV among opiate-dependent individuals.

This study will last 4.5 years. Participants in this study will be randomly assigned to one of two treatment arms. Group 1 will receive LT-MAT with BUP/NX. Group 2 will receive ST-MAT with BUP/NX. An initial 4-week safety and feasibility phase will involve the first 50 participants at each site and will last approximately 30 weeks. Study visits will occur every week and will include a physical exam and blood and urine collection.

The main treatment phase of the study will last 52 weeks. Participants in Group 1 will receive BUP/NX under the tongue, at first daily and then three times a week for 52 weeks. Participants assigned to Group 1 will take part in a BUP/NX reduction phase, which will occur between Weeks 47 and 52. Participants in Group 2 will receive short-term BUP/NX; dosage and length of treatment will be determined by the investigator. Participants assigned to Group 2 will receive BUP/NX for a maximum of 18 days; detoxification may be repeated at Week 26 if the participant is still injecting opiates. After Week 4 of the safety phase and Weeks 26 and 52 of the overall study, participants will complete an intervention acceptability assessment.

In addition, participants in both groups will attend drug and risk reduction counseling weekly. After the first 12 weeks, participants will return every 4 weeks for 10 more counseling sessions. HIV testing, hepatitis C testing, risk assessment, and urine tests for opiates will occur at screening and at Weeks 26, 52, 78, 104, 130 and 156. Plasma from blood samples will be stored at each of these visits. Hepatitis B testing will occur at Week 26. Participants in China will attend study visits through approximately Week 104, and participants in Thailand will attend study visits through approximately Week 156.

Participants in China who have been incarcerated may participate in an optional substudy, which is examining the withdrawal effects from BUP/NX after incarceration. Participants who agree to take part in the substudy will attend one study visit and will complete a questionnaire.

Participants will receive BUP/NX under the tongue daily for a maximum of three weeks(until dose stabilization) and then three times a week for 52 weeks in addition to weekly drug and risk reduction counseling for 12 weeks, and then every 4 weeks through Week 52

Intervention: Drug: Buprenorphine/Naloxone

Experimental: Short term medication assisted treatment (ST-MAT)

Participants will receive short-term BUP/NX; dosage and length of treatment will be determined by the investigator.Additionally, participants will undergo weekly drug and risk reduction counseling for 12 weeks, and then every 4 weeks through Week 52.

* Includes publications given by the data provider as well as publications
identified by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number) in Medline.

Recruitment Information

Recruitment Status ICMJE

Completed

Enrollment ICMJE

1252

Completion Date

July 2012

Primary Completion Date

July 2012 (final data collection date for primary outcome measure)

Eligibility Criteria ICMJE

Inclusion Criteria:

HIV-uninfected within 28 days of enrollment

Meets DSM-IV criteria for opiate dependence

Positive urine test for opiates

Injected opiates at least 12 times in the 28 days prior to enrollment, according to self-report

Willing to use acceptable forms of contraception for the first 12 months of the study

Able to provide contact information and willing to be contacted by study staff as necessary

Available for study visits for at least 2 years

Exclusion Criteria:

Current treatment with methadone, morphine, levo-alpha-acetyl-methadol (LAAM), naltrexone, or nalmefene

Currently enrolled in another HIV prevention or drug use intervention study

Known sensitivity to buprenorphine or naloxone

Requires immediate medical attention for dependence on alcohol, benzodiazepines, or other substances. People who are dependent on tobacco are not excluded.

Currently injecting drugs of abuse other than opiates, more than twice in the last 28 days, according to self-report

Psychological disturbance or cognitive impairment that may interfere with the study

Acute or chronic kidney failure

Certain abnormal laboratory values

Any other medical or psychiatric condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would make participation in this study unsafe

Pregnant or breastfeeding

Inclusion Criteria for Substudy:

Current or former participant in HPTN 058 study in Xinjiang who was actively in the long-term treatment arm on stable maintenance dose of Suboxone when detained/arrested (last dose within 2 days of incarceration), resulting in immediate cessation of Suboxone without tapering

Currently released from detention

Willing to complete one-time questionnaire

Willing to sign informed consent

Exclusion Criteria for Substudy:

Any medical or psychiatric condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would make participation in the study unsafe, or would otherwise interfere with the study objectives or interpretation

Gender

Both

Ages

18 Years and older

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Contacts ICMJE

Contact information is only displayed when the study is recruiting subjects