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The Archive of European Integration (AEI) is an electronic repository and archive for research materials on the topic of European integration and unification. The AEI collects two types of materials: certain types of independently-produced research materials and official European Community/European Union documents

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Mostrando recursos 1 - 20 de 6.897

Bulmer, Simon; Paterson, William E.
This paper presents a set of theses to argue that, two decades after German re-unification and the end of the Cold War, Germany is playing a changed role in the European Union. It argues that changes in the European Union, German domestic politics and in its bilateral diplomacy have resulted in the emergence of a normalized European policy. The paper explores the sources of these changes from enlargement, strains in the euro-zone and bilateral relations with France, through changed processes of policy-making to public opinion. Since Germany has played a leading role in the integration process, the paper‘s findings have...

Bressanelli, Edoardo
This paper investigates the factors behind political Group membership in the European Parliament. At the beginning of each legislative term, political Groups are formally constituted. In June 2009, more than 150 national parties, from the 27 member countries of the EU, joined one of the seven transnational groupings. Two main explanations of Group membership are advanced. A first, traditional argument for Group membership is based on the ideological or policy compatibility of the member parties within each political Group. National parties will join the political Group that
best matches their programmatic position. A second argument focuses, instead, on the structure of...

Foret, François
The purpose of this paper is to understand why and how the European External Action
Service (EEAS) has developed a specific approach towards religion, an approach
characterised by the focus on freedom of religion and belief (FoRB). The research
question is to assess the level of autonomy and distinctiveness of religion as a policy
issue. The European diplomatic strategy on religion reflects geopolitical and societal
changes at the global scale. It is also an effort of the EEAS to assert itself as a political
player and to reinforce the profile of the European Union (EU) in international relations.
In practice, the handling of religion is framed by...

Bassotti , Giorgio
This analysis addresses the European Union’s (EU) democracy promotion policy in Tunisia,
aiming at understanding its evolution and at assessing its effectiveness: how did the EU’s
approach to democracy promotion evolve overtime? To what extent was it effective in
promoting Tunisia’s democratic transition? In order to assess the impact of an external
actor in the democratic transition, I opted for a two-folded approach: on the one hand,
I analysed the EU’s declaratory policy regarding democracy promotion and its
implementation. On the other hand, I identified several domestic key actors and
analysed their perception of the EU’s contribution to the transition process. I argue that
the EU did not...

Jokela, Juha
This is the third in a series of National Reports to be published as part of the new phase of the New Pact for Europe project.* Since becoming a member of the EU in 1995, Finland has been of the EU’s more constructive member states. But with the rapid emergence of an openly populist and Eurosceptic party in the 2010s (coinciding with the financial and economic crisis in the EU) Finland’s image has somewhat changed: it is now often seen as a hardliner and, at times, a difficult member state. Despite these developments, the Finns still sees the Union as...

Cardiff EDC, .
A guide to information sources on the Republic of Bulgaria, with hyperlinks to information within European Sources Online and on external websites (For other language versions of this record click on the original url)

Funk, Marco; Mc Namara, Frank; Pardo, Romain; Rose, Norma
Faced with a large influx of asylum seekers in recent years, but little agreement among member states on how
to share the burden, the European Union (EU) is increasingly turning to third countries to stem the flow. This
push for external action focuses on tackling the 'root causes of migration' as well as strengthening third
countries' migration management efforts. The current approach is based on the premise that increasing
development aid to developing countries will reduce the stimulus for emigration. At the same time, the
principle of conditionality has emerged as a means of ensuring cooperation on operational matters such as
border control and readmission. Development...

Köppel, Petra; Sohm, Stefanie
Markets and environmental conditions are in a continual state of flux, put growing pressure on corporations, and forcing them to adapt. New technologies are being created, new markets are emerging, and large new corporations are being founded on almost a daily basis. Furthermore, the emerging economies are already producing
corporations which are operating on a global scale. This internationalization of the markets goes hand in hand with the increasingly transnational activities of corporations and thus with the enhanced cooperation between them and their employees and partners, competitors and colleagues from completely different cultures. Corporate culture is influenced by regional,
national and international...

Blazejewski, Susanne; Dorow, Wolfgang
Over the past few years, “globalization” has become a catchword. It reflects a widening horizon, particularly in the business world. Transactions are taking on international dimensions, the networks of relationships in business, politics and society are growing ever more complex. The problem that emerges is this: heterogeneity leads to complexity, and complexity leads to heterogeneity.

Gorecki, Paul K
The successful implementation of free GP care for all private patients in Ireland requires an estimate of the likely change in the number of GP visits occasioned by this policy so as: (i) to set the capitation fee; and (ii) to ensure adequate supply of GPs is in place. The paper examines two methodologies to derive such estimates: retrospective patient self-reporting or recall (e.g. Growing Up in Ireland, The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing); and, GP practice records. Estimates based on six GP practices by Behan (2013, 2014) substantial overestimate of the likely impact of free GP care. McGovern’s (2015)...

Arnould, Valerie
The atmosphere of crisis surrounding the International Criminal Court (ICC) seems to be slowly dissipating after Gambia and South Africa revoked their notices of withdrawal from the Court in February and March 2017 respectively. Concerns that the threats of withdrawal made by Burundi, Gambia and South Africa in late 2016 would produce a domino effect, and even become the harbinger of the ICC’s demise in the long term, have proven premature. This development should, however, not make us complacent about the challenges the ICC continues to face, even in the absence of further state withdrawals.

Franklin, Paula
European health systems face growing, common challenges: the increasing cost of healthcare; an ageing
population associated with a rise in chronic diseases and multi-morbidity leading to a growing demand for
healthcare; shortages and an uneven distribution of health professionals; and inequalities in access to
healthcare. Given the scale of the challenge, improving the performance and sustainability of health systems
is crucial. All available tools should be used according to their specific functions, and the Sustainable
Development Goal on Health (SDG3) provides an overarching framework to strengthen health for all.

Koenig, Nicole
This is the second in a series of National Reports to be published as part of the new phase of the New Pact for Europe project.* While the German National Reflection Group (NRG) views the current state of the Union as critical, it is also convinced that the EU can still be a positive sum game for all. Drawing on the discussions held amongst the members of the group, this report presents a set of conclusions on how Germany sees the future of the European project.

Author, No
"Reconstructing the Union" was the ambitious but timely theme of CEPS’ fourth big forum for debate, the Ideas Lab, which was held in Brussels, 23-24 February 2017. Experts from 11 policy domains shared their insights on the many complex challenges facing Europe. A total of 834 participants attended the event over the two days. This report gives an overview of the insights gleaned from the many constructive discussions

Gros, Daniel.
This report contains the Executive Summary of the proceedings of a high-level conference organised jointly by the German Federal Ministry of Finance and Deutsche Bundesbank, in cooperation with CEPS, on the occasion of Germany’s presidency of the G20, which runs from 1 December 2016 to 30 November 2017. The conference, held on 30 November 2016 in Berlin, aimed to ensure that the German Government’s performance during the presidency was underpinned by solid expert advice and that there was continuity between the work done under previous G-20 presidencies and also the work being carried out in an academic and research context.
A...