A person who's lost his/her child

Hello,
A person who's lost his or her parents is an orphan. A person who's lost his wife is a widower. A person who's lost her husband is a widow. A person who's lost his or her child is... ?
Now, as far as I know there isn't such a word in my language nor in English. Is there a word to name such a person in your language?

Honestly I would not be surprised if in most languages there wouldn't be an established word (beside some recent legal terms). Historically, the infant mortality rate was 25-50% until relatively recently (100-150 years?), so losing a child was not such a life-changing event as losing a spouse or a parent.

It can also be used for children who have lost their parents - but it does not mean "orphan" (orphan is יתום yatom - sg. masculin).

The dictionary says שכול shkhol is "

bereavement" - suffering the loss of a loved person.
In Israel we usually use it when we speak of people losing their loved ones in the military - as soldiers or in bombings (in the military - we usually speak of people who lost their children).

We don't have a specific word for it in Greek, either.
However, we use the adjective «χαροκαμμένος, -νη, -νο» (xaroka'menos, m./xaroka'meni, f./xaroka'meno, n.)--> lit. burnt by Death (by the «Χάρος», 'xaros, m., the personification of death in Byzantine and Modern Greek folk tradition), the bereaved. Thus, we say «χαροκαμμένοι γονείς» (xaroka'meni ɣo'nis)--> bereaved parents, «χαροκαμμένος πατέρας» (xaroka'menos pa'teras)--> bereaved father, «χαροκαμμένη μάννα» (xaroka'meni 'mana)--> bereaved mother.
The adj. «χαροκαμμένος, -νη, -νο» is used solely for the parents who have suffered the loss of a child. Theoretically one could use it for anyone who has lost a loved one, but we reserve it for the parents only.

English doesn't have a word for a parent who lost a child. The closest expression I can think of is a bereaved parent, but that's inadequate to describe the unspeakable heartbreak of a parent who's outlived his or her son or daughter.

the unspeakable heartbreak of a parent who's outlived his or her son or daughter.

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I don't know, that was pretty common before the infant mortality dropped. I think that's the reason why there's no word for this concept: almost every parent would have lost a child or two at birth, so it's kind of meaningless to have a word for what is a general characteristic.

Arabic has a word for it, and it sounds like the Hebrew word (not surprising ). The word for a mother is thakla (last vowel is long) ثكلى and the father is thakil (the "a" is long). But I'm not sure about the masculine form, because it's the feminine form that is more commonly used.

But again, this is a relatively recent concept. If we are talking about the language, in Russian, for example, there is a saying to describe a small child dying "Бог дал - Бог взял (God gave - God took)". The meaning is very similar to English "easy come easy go". Note that I am talking about language here.

You might be right, rusita. I'm actually more interested in more exotic languages.

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A special word for parents who have lost their child/ren may be even more rare in some "exotic languages" as the infant mortality is higher in many of the countries outside the Western world, and there are still countries where female infanticide is common, so to lose a child is not something unusual that needs a special word to describe it.

Being common doesn't mean a thing doesn't need a word to describe it. Arabic and Hebrew may seem "exotic" to many, and infant mortality used to be much higher in older time, yet these languages (and I guess other Semitic languages too) do have a word for this.
And, by the way, there is a word in Arabic for female infaticide too.

If you ask the Tagalog terms, Ulila sa Anak(ulila= separated from/lost/no more) / Anak= son/daughter. I am sure there are also exact terms for this in other asian languages. In Dumaget(ethnic language in Luzon Island), it has expression like this " Na eyen di ni Anak".These terms are not used by modern generations,i heard it during my childhood (7 yrs old up). The modern lifestyles in our present era disregard the importance of old terms that can describe different scenarios/status in life.

According to the Hebrew example in Hungarian it is: gyászoló szülők, gyászoló apa/anya
but gyászanya, gyászapa means if the parents "lost" their children by wedding...I mean your daughter gets married.

I worked in the funeral industry for many years here in Tyler, Texas. There is not a single word to explain that heart breaking event in this part of the country that I know of. What we called parents or a parent that lost a child was "bereaved parents" or " a bereaved parent", then anyone would know that is a parent that lost a child. We have a candle lighting service once a year on the downtown square of Tyler and it is for bereaved parents. In this part of the country I'd say 95% of people know what that means. If they don't it is because they don't know what bereaved means.

Webster's Dictionary
be-reaved adjective \bi-ˈrēvd, bē-\ : sad because a family member or friend has recently died, Thank you, Mstexas

In as much as there doesn't seem to have been any official term — neither historically, nor etymologically — such as we have with ‘widow’ / ‘widower’ or ‘orphan’, I would think a turn of phrase such as ‘orphaned parent(s)’, ‘orphaned mother’ or ‘orphaned father’, (or ‘bereaved parent(s)’, etc.), would be the only means to express the concept in English. The legal term ‘surviving parent(s)’, etc., can be used in a Last Will & Testament, yet I can't imagine this to have much currency outside of the law, with the possible exception of an obituary.

Perhaps it is noteworthy that there are no words for a brother or a sister who has lost his or her siblings.

(A rarely used, but similar term for the surviving party in a betrothal is ‘widowed-fiancée’ or ‘widowed-fiancé’, for someone officially engaged, but whose intended spouse has died before the wedding).

In Ukrainian the word for orphan is сирота (syrota). The word, however, is also used to describe anyone who does not have any family or relatives to take care of him or her. In this instance it is most often used to describe a widow who has also lost her children. For example in many parts of Central and Western Ukraine there was a very ritualised form of mourning and wailing (голосіння) at funerals in which a widow at the funeral of her husband or child would refer to herself as a сирота. Another example is a beautiful song sung in church during Great Lent in which the Virgin Mary, seeing Christ dead on the cross, refers to herself as a сирота.

By extension the word can be used to describe any unlucky or unfortunate person, though this is rather rare.

In classical Chinese (ancient written Chinese), it seems our ancestors were kin to give every kind of people or things a specific pictograph, thus we have all these different pictographs:

鳏: Old man without a wife.
寡: Old woman without a husband.
孤: Kid who has lost father.独: Old man/woman without any child.

But modern Chinese simplified the meanings of these pictographs and reconstructed them, few people are still clear about their old usages.
Today, we mostly use some above pictographs in words to mean "alone" or "lonely". We no longer have a specific noun for "a person who's lost his or her child".

In Greek ορφανόςm./ορφανήf./ ορφανόn. (orfanos/orfani/orfano) is adjective and describes a child who has lost one or both parents.
I 've read that initially (maybe in classical Greek) the word meant also the parent who lost their children but quickly was restricted to the first meaning.

In German, the general word for "orphan" is "Waise". You can also make a distinction as to whether one parent has died (Halbwaise) or both parents (Vollwaise).

There is no designated term for a parent who lost a child. I've thought about it since reading the thread title, and I think that while losing one's child must be a devastating experience, emotionally, it has no influence on the economical situation, whereas a child that loses their parent(s) makes it necessary for society to take care of that child. This may be the reason why it was important for our ancestors to have an expression for this situation specifically.

I has looking up the dictionary for a while but I can't find any word for it in Japanese after all, on the other hand other words like orphan and widow(widower) definitely exist in Japanese as same as in many languages.