The role of perceived relatedness in intrinsic need satisfaction: A gender differences study in the workplace

Abstract

The present study proposed a Self –Determination Theory (SDT) model applied in the workplace. More specifically, the study hypothesized that employees’ autonomy orientations (individual’s orientation toward aspects of the environment that are challenging and stimulate intrinsic motivation) and their perceptions of their managers’ relatedness support will predict their intrinsic need satisfaction and in turn will predict work performance, well-being and longevity in the organization. The present study extended earlier studies on SDT by focusing on different parameters of the SDT model and introducing new ones. More specifically, this study was the first to look at gender based on the consistent pattern of gender differences in the need for relatedness found in the Baard, Deci and Ryan (2004) study. More specifically, it was hypothesized that males would perceive their managers relatedness support significantly higher than females. ^ All participants were recruited through the business network of the researcher. More specifically, a letter was sent to acquaintances and they were requested to forward a link for the survey to their colleagues and/or acquaintances who might be interested in participating in the study. The survey took 20 minutes to fill out and included four questionnaires and demographic questions such as age, gender, race, etc. In a period of four months a total of 423 subjects participated in the study. Correlation analyses, multiple regressions and structural equation modeling were the statistical methods and procedures used to determine the relationship between the variables in the proposed model. Based on the findings of the study, all proposed hypotheses in the model were supported suggesting that relatedness supportive environments along with employees’ autonomy orientation have a positive impact on intrinsic need satisfaction and in turn predict employee performance, well-being and longevity in the organization. In addition, there was a significant higher need for perceived relatedness in males than females. The findings of the present study can have practical implications in the corporate world. More specifically, managers being knowledgeable of SDT models can enhance their managerial skills to help employees’ well-being, productivity and tenure in the organization. ^