Fault Node Recovery Algorithm for a Wireless Sensor Network

In this paper, the authors propose a Fault Node Recovery (FNR) algorithm to enhance the lifetime of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) when some of the sensor nodes shut down, either because they no longer have battery energy or they have reached their operational threshold. Therefore, it is necessary that network failures are detected in advance and appropriate measures are taken to sustain network operation. The algorithm is based on the grade diffusion algorithm combined with the genetic algorithm. The algorithm can result in fewer replacements of sensor nodes and more reused routing paths.