sarcoplasm – cytoplasm of muscle fibers
 2. sarcolemma – plasma membrane covering the muscle fibers
 3. location – any muscle attached to bones as well as in the tongue, the pharynx, and certain muscles of the eye
 4. functions – locomotion, posture, transport of blood and lymph, and heat production (85% of the body’s heat)
4

Cardiac Muscle

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heart muscle, involuntary branched fibers & striated

Similar to skeletal muscles
 Involuntary control
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purkinje fiber (conduction myofiber)
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Stimulate actual contraction of the ventricles

innervation – autonomic nervous system
Functions
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Move blood through the heart and through the vessels 5

Smooth Muscle
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Involuntary – maintenance of the body’s internal environment Nonstriated
Spindle shaped
15-500 microns long contractions are slow
Location – in the walls of internal organs such as digestive organs, trachea, gall bladder, blood vessels, urinary and genital ducts, and the iris of the eye Functions – propulsion,expulsion, regulation of openings, and regulation the diameter of tubes / blood vessels
6

Epimysium – fibrous connective tissue surrounding an entire muscle
 Perimysium – covers a bundle of fibers called fascicles  Endomysium – surrounds each muscle fiber
 Aponeurosis – the tendon that extends as a broad, flat layer around the skull or as a part of the abs – figure
7-14
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