Discussion Question 1 : Asian Trade & Immigration
* Identify and explain a significant contribution made by Chinese immigrants or Indian immigrants to American society and/or to the workforce during this time period.

The Chinese immigrants created a tremendous source of labor for the United States. Thanks to Chinese immigrants the Central Pacific Railroad was built. This railroad stretched across the western United States. The Chinese workers were hired for 30 percent less then their White counterparts who worked on the railroad. The railroad was a very significant contribution to the American society which provided valuable transportation for commerce and jobs.

* Consider that while Chinese and Indian immigrants were arriving in the U.S., the British were arriving in China and India. Compare the concept of a 19th century global economy between Asia and the West to the 21st century global economy involving Asia and the West today.

As the British government was arriving in China and India through force, many of the people of China and India were streaming into the U.S. and Britain to find work. This movement of people and government forces created a global economy which is very similar to today. The economy of the United States is very much involved in the global economy as China owns much of America as the United States government has sold much of the debt to China. The economies of countries continue to be intertwined through the internet, outsourcing and immigration.

* Compare Asian immigration to the U.S. in the 19th century to immigration today.

Due to the influx of Asian immigrants many Americans felt the squeeze of not being able to find work so there was some outrage. Due to the outrage the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed. This situation is very similar to much of the outcry of immigration today. Many Americans feel that immigrants, especially Mexican immigrants, are taking jobs away from Americans. One of the most recent controversies...

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...In the 1800s, a common struggle exists for Asian Americans in the United States, specifically the Chinese and Japanese. The term, identity is recognized through numerous events overtime and these events include the role of Asian Americans shaping the history of America. It took countless years for early Chinese and Japanese individuals to be accepted into American lifestyles, let alone be acknowledged of their own identities. There are many similarities, yet many differences between Chinese and Japanese communities, as shown in Hisaye Yamamoto’s short story “Seventeen Syllables” and Ronald Takaki’s excerpt “Gam Saan Haak”.
Hisaye Yamamoto’s “Seventeen Syllables” expresses the significance behind difficulties faced by Japanese immigrants to the United States, as well as the racial separation between these immigrants and their families. The Japanese immigrant experience many obstacles, such as poverty and unstable marriages. Yamamoto’s story implicates a teenager and her mother, Tome Hayashi who takes an interest in writing haiku for the Japanese language paper in San Francisco. Her daughter however is practically illiterate to speaking Japanese, which is ironic since that is her culture and furthermore, fails to understand the haiku her mother writes. “See Rosie, she said, it was a haiku, a poem in which she must pack all the meaning into seventeen syllables” (Yamamoto 154). This is an interesting aspect in a sense that while Tome expresses...

...AsianImmigration to the United States
For the most part, Asians have had a rough time becoming equals in American society. But because of their hard work, and strong family ethics Asians as a whole have definitely become a keystone in the society of the United States.
The first Asians to arrive on American shores were the Chinese. Chinese people started immigrating en masse during the 19th century. Most of them worked as railroad workers or miners. The Chinese faced a lot of prejudices and discrimination upon their arrival, and throughout their lives. Chinese Americans entered the United States through Angel Island. Angel Island is the equivalent to Ellis Island, but instead of on the East coast, Angel Island is on the West Coast of California. “Political party caucuses, labor unions, and other organizations rallied against the immigration of yet another ‘inferior race’.” However, these hardships were endured and the Chinese continued to work hard. They earned very little money doing these hard, dangerous jobs, but it was all they could do. “Gold was discovered in California in 1848, eventually attracting thousands of Chinese miners and contract laborers. In 1850, just over 1,000 Asian immigrants entered the U.S., but ten years later, the figure had jumped to nearly 37,000, mostly Chinese.” 1 Upon arriving to the United States, the Chinese were promised roads paved in...

...﻿Historical framework of the Issue
The issue of Hispanic immigration was started in the year of 1942 when the government of the United States of America and Mexico came into an agreement which is known as “Mexican Farm Labor Supply Program”. The reason behind starting this program was lost of American manpower during the World War II. This program was also called as “bracer (day laborer program)”. Due to this, large number of Mexicans was brought to the America. The labor force was staying in US only and sending money to their families.
The government of Mexico and labors were interested to continue this program because the labor was sending money to their families and economy of the Mexico was improving. But in the 1964, the program lost support and came to an end by the United States.
After the termination of the program, many workers stayed in the US only which resulted into the problem of illegal aliens.
Political Context of the Issue
The population of Hispanics is continuously increasing in the country. In-fact, they have made highest minority group in the country. The main problem is not of assimilation but of economic only. Some of the researchers state that race can be a problem for political participation. The group members of the different race can influence the political participation in the sense that they have their own perception towards the political parties and they can discriminate between the leaders while voting.
On the other hand, there...

...global economy.
The AEC areas of cooperation include human resources development and capacity building; recognition of professional qualifications; closer consultation on macroeconomic and financial policies; trade financing measures; enhanced infrastructure and communications connectivity; development of electronic transactions through e-ASEAN; integrating industries across the region to promote regional sourcing; and enhancing private sector involvement for the building of the AEC. In short, the AEC will transform ASEAN into a region with free movement of goods, services, investment, skilled labour, and freer flow of capital.
ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint
The ASEAN Leaders adopted the ASEAN Economic Blueprint at the 13th ASEAN Summit on 20 November 2007 in Singapore to serve as a coherent master plan guiding the establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community 2015.
ASEAN or Association of Southeast Asian Nations was founded in 1967, currently consisting of Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, the Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand. Since its establishment, ASEAN countries have gradually and continually strengthened their economic integration, from the ASEAN Preferential Trading Arrangement (PTA) in 1977 to the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) and now they further move to a deeper liberalization level to create the ASEAN Economic Community or AEC by 2015. The liberalization targets under AEC...

...America offers great job opportunities and a healthy environment to live. Some of the reasons for leaving their homeland to become residents in America are: wealth, prosperity, hardship, poverty and family. Sometimes, their previous country they resided does not provide enough money to live. Nothing in the world is free and sometimes jobs are not so easy to get, especially with no education. Most immigrants live in poverty, and with no education, jobs do not come easily, making it hard to live in their country. America offers both, education and job opportunities. Now is the time for the government of the United States to considerately review and pass laws regarding immigration to this country and provide a modern, safe and reasonable system for immigration.
A reason why America is affected and objects to immigration, is the population, it brings cheap labor and it lowers America's living standards. A long time ago, America had room for immigrants and welcomed foreign visitors, until about ninety years ago that changed. Congress passed a law limiting the numbers of immigrants. Since 1908 migrant labor has been part of America all along, doing America’s dirty work. America, even though one of the strongest country, cannot survive without Immigrants. There are more than 10 million undocumented workers in the United States. Most of these illegal workers are concentrated in the south border from California trough Texas, although...

...Immigration is a controversial issue around which there is much debate.
At present, immigration has become increasingly common globalization issue. People tend to move to another country where they can have a high standard life with more opportunities. Some people believe that immigration will increase more taxable income to effect the economy grows which can benefit citizen’s life quality(Borjas1999). This argument is true to some degree. However, anther people have different point of view lead to a argument against this statement. They believe that immigration would bring more disadvantages than advantages. For instance,the environment problems(Erlar, West and marini,2007) and to put education system under pressure(Greenwood, 2007).
From the point of view of supporters, Moses(2006) supported that immigration could fill the gap job positions which can benefit the local citizen’s welfare and social security needs,also release the pressure of increasing number of ageing population. Borjas(1999) strongly support that immigration would benefit native works due to the increasing economic and redistributes income by immigration.
On the other hand, some people argue that immigration will lead to many adverse factors.On the environmental field, Erler, West and Marini (2007) propose the increasing population will cause more pollution and increasing pressure on...

...Population Growth
A few months after Singapore was founded, the population began to grow very quickly. By 1821, Singapore's population had increased to about 5000. The main cause of this increase was immigration. Singapore in the 19th century attracted many people from different parts of the world. Businessmen and traders came here to trade while others came to look for jobs.
Satay Seller
At that time, more men came to Singapore than women. This was especially so for the Chinese and Indians. Most of the Chinese and Indian immigrants did not intend to stay long in Singapore, so they did not bring their womenfolk along. This meant that the Chinese and Indians could not set up families here even though there were large numbers of them.
However, unlike the Chinese and Indians, the Malays and Europeans brought their families along when they came to Singapore. Thus, the number of Malay and European men was almost equal to the number of Malay and European women. While most Europeans returned home after they had completed their work here, most of the Malays settled with their families in Singapore.
Types Of Labourers
Many people came to Singapore to work because there were a lot of jobs in Singapore. Men were needed for jobs such as the clearing land for plantations, the building of roads, and the building of houses and offices. They were also needed to work in vegetable gardens and plantations owned by the rich planters. Anyone who...

...﻿Carlos Cabrera
Prof. Cosand
English 100
November 4, 2014
Immigration
Illegal immigration, a fervently debated issue in the United States, is defined as the migration of people across national borders, or the residence of foreign nationals in a country, in a way that is illegal according to the immigration laws of the destination country. Because the United States is such an attractive country, for it provides opportunity and prosperity, many people who live in less fortunate countries legally and illegally migrate to the United States. Illegal immigration causes a great ordeal, because many politicians and economists argue that illegal immigrants are an economic burden to the United States. On the other hand, some economists claim that illegal immigrants do not actually hurt the economy but they help it.
In the article “Illegal Aliens a Drain on U.S. Taxpayers, Report Says” Writer R. Cort Kirkwood argues that Illegal aliens are largely poor, uneducated and drain the welfare and public education systems, which causes a burden on the economy. Because most immigrants don’t have papers to work, they have to take jobs, which pay less then minimum wage causing them to live in poverty. Kirkwood writes,
“’according to the CIS (Center for Immigration Studies) …Illegals live in poverty at high rates because they earn much less money compared to Americans. The average household income for illegals is...