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terms of the watchman two kithr in advance and two dollars and fifty cents it the end of the year n.i subscription received for a le time than one year unless paid for in advance n i rabscriftioa discontinued but at the option of the 1 it'.ors until all arrearages an paid terms op dvi__-t_5di 'â– â– i ):: â€¢ dollar ;> r s dare for ih â€¢ first insertion and twenty r for ca i continuance c urt notices and court orders will 1 charged 2 per â€¢â€¢ nt higher than th ab ve rates a deduction of xi 1-3 per cent mil oc made to those who advertise by the year _ ..,.., , aj advertisements will be continued until forbid and charged for accordingly unless ordered foracertain num ber of times i ,-â€¢ letters addres_*ed to the editors must come post paid to ensure attention flyjxg visits abroad correspondence of the n y express rome â€” st peter's church ecc pome august 181.3 tlome â€” passports fyr we left the tuscan for the papal do minions our pasports lirst passing through another ordeal at the loot of the bills there was something to be seen of town nnd village life but all along to rome it was for the most part a picture of pover ty and idleness we entered rome in the beauty of the morning espying st i petri's alar oil to tell us where wc were tie country looked a little more like civil ization as we approached the city the people gave some signs of a better exist ence and lhe land looked fairer and more productive than any we had seen this side of fin tuscan borders at last we entered the gates of rome mil after duly enduring the virtue of a prolonged patience our passports as the unceasing plagues of a traveller in italy were exchanged for printed permitted per missions from the police to reside at rome these in turn when we left were to be exchanged for our passports and thus ev ery one enters and leaves all the cities of italy â€” detained when he arrives at one gate to exchange bis passport for permis sion to rest for a time where he is and detained when be departs at another to see that his passport has passed through i!l the forms that every petty government and police may prescribe it is impossi ble not to he a little savage at times over these annoyances it is not enough that every soldier should thrust his paws into your trunk and overturn all you have nor sufficient that your apparel should be at the mercy of police officers who are as often rude as gentlemanly but your per son is no more at your own disposal th.an yoi trunks every traveller is marked and numbered like a mixed flock of sheep or a thousand hogs or oxen driven to amar ket place for a general sale the police men must see who you are and what your name is and a soldier of any character or no character must obey all their com mands if you are going lo rome the sign and seal of the pope must appear upon your passport it you leave rome itmust.be through lhe police of rome with the same badge of authority â€” and worse than all the american consul de manding four limes more than any other consul for his signature must see your passporl before you can make a safe exit from town one can endure an imposi tion from a foreigner with better grace than from a countryman and with no pa tience at all when you know that the de mand i.s a stretch of authority so far the leaves ofmy passport and many leaves cf a blank book into which it was neces sary to bind it are black blue and red with seals and signatures and this too notwithstanding in all my ravels in rus sia poland and a part of prussia i had a russian passport to give me a safe de liverance through the goths and vandals i die country the expense is the least annoyance of passports though a man does not care to throw away his money when he receives no better compensation than the autograph of a fellow who gets his living only by signing his name for travellers an american feels these an noyances more than most europeans be cause at home we have no such nuisances i lie government at washington there fore owes it to itselt to mend its share of tbe wrong imposed upon americans a broad the pupal government â€” st piters sf-c 1 had been but an hour at rome before 1 stood vithin the walls of st peters sight seeing at times becomes a passion imi though nearly forty-eight hours of travel by diligence was enough to fatigue any one and quite fatigued me il was im possible to resisl the temptation to begin the labor and pleasure oi seeing rome a once seeing rome ! that is no easy task my reader 1 begun at st peter's and ended at tin tarpeian rock and saw every thing nnd every body but ihe pope 1 believe in the working days of a week nit working days they were,beginning ear ly and ending late as at florence i shall spate the reader the task of seeing rome 1:1 detail with me â€” the i\'\v words 1 may fay of what i have seen may recall an impression which other times nnd events pave buried for a season to describe korne is to describe a great world that vas and a small world that is the two are as wide as the antipodes apart ; but jl that is lives mainly in the world tbat was st peter's church better than anything 1 have seen tells me of the gran tor and power of the papal states or ales of the church as they are some omes called and sometimes roman states hough roman is the usurpation of a title v('i-y way unmerited the dominions ex ;"'â– '! bom sea to seaâ€”from the adriatic g the mediterranean nd from the po to naples politically it ieems au absurd government and morallv a wicked one * rope with a title of ki holiness is r'<:ted by a grand eompanv of cardinals me f)f whom hope to be popes and each t ">* lie title of " his eminence the jjfyare the ministers of state of the one have or claim an absolute i'-itual as well as temporal authority the carolina_lvatchman bktjner & james > . ,, . , > " keep a check ukkj all your editors sf proprietors \ k safl ( new series r ileus do this an llbeety < _^ ---â€ž gent harrison ( number 17 of volume i salisbury n c august 24 1844 the nuncios or ambassadors of tho pope ! i h.til seen before in some splendor but nothing of the true papal dignity until i had been at rome for some days the j church of st peter where i spent more j than live hours to see some of its wonders i and was 111 years in building gave me j an idea of the magnificence of the papal authority of rome sixty millions of dol lars was about the cost of the edifice and ] to sav almost all 1 shall of it tis wonder ful all i went from the pavement to the cross of the cupola a distance of 448 feet i after sitting in lhe ball where a parly of thirteen have taken breakfast descended ] again fo the lloor to walk its lengih m a | distance of 7.30 feet the breadth i.s put i 190 feet less than the length and an altar made of cannon 1 believe 96 feet in height never were distances so deceiv ! ing and all who see st peters for the ' first lime will see it with a feeling of dis appointment its grandcur,likc every beau l i lul piece of architecture grows upon you the more you survey it a full grown man seems a pigmy child seen from one : ; end to the other and st paul's church it xew york might have a quiet resting place beneath lhe dome of st peters at rome it is he largest of all the churches oi europe and a marble upon the pave ment gives the comparative size of each in all lhc church there is nothing meaner common with but one painting there are innumerable designs in mosaic which not oue pair of eyes in a thousand would distinguish from painting marble tombs rich figures emblems as memorials of the the honored dead remembrances for re i vered saints eulogies in inscriptions reli : gious relics from the holy land fill up the chapels and altars the whole is a scene of grandeur surpassing description i you may visit st peter's again and again i and yet again some new wonder burst up on you st marks at venice may inter ; est you more for its associations and per i haps in lhc peculiar architecture of the church but as a work of modern times â€” for st peter's though completed nearly two centuries and a quarter is at rome a mod ern work â€” the interior of st peter's will surpass every other church in the world next to the bidding i studied the religious ceremonies of the place here beneath the gorgeous altar ofthe church â€” where a hundred lights are ever trim med and burning â€” rest the remains of st peter a priest conducted us to the church below and innocently i was lead ; ing a russian lady who had been a trav elling companion to the tomb of the saint when our guide in his ministerial robes and with a look of horror waived his hand for the lady to turn back the sign was soon interpreted in an inscription in latin below declaring th.it women could be admitted but one day in the year and , that upon that day men could not enter ! one day in the three hundred and sixty five ! what a disproportion is this and what an opportunity for those who rail against the inequality of the sex es to rail more and more a statute of st peter is another curiosity and one of the most conspicuous of the church tlpe great toe of th left foot has received ten legion of kisses and the whole right foot is worn as smooth as glass and the half of it is worn away from the kisses it has received the priests bend their heads upon the foot and after a pause kiss it with holy reverence others kiss it as devoutly and little children from the sta tue of infancy until they are old enough to reach this honored saint are held up ! by parents and guardians to obey both in a command deemed as sacred as any in holy writ one of the elegant doors of st peter's in like manner has been kiss ed wherever it could be reached until the bronze figures upon it have lost all the rough surface a long age had given them : once the door of the old roman panthe ; on the pope had it transferred to his great j est church and here it stands a wonder of tlio past and present age another of the doors is one of the three basilicas ' of the holy city once in a generation it â– is opened by llie pope in the presence of thousands who congregate to see it as a miracle of the church the door disap pears wilh aii the magic of an open se | same and the multitude amazed are taught to reverence it as one of the ; holy of holies within the church there : are relics without number and if all i the priests of rome tell you be true je rusalem and all the holy land has con tributed most liberally though not most 1 willingly of the remains of apostles and i martyrs and holy places and even of the saviour himself to the spiritual building ! up of what may here seem to regard as i the city of the xew jerusalem it is painful to a protestant to see the devotion paid to these relics but painful as it was to me i could not but learn a cheap les i son of charity as i saw all the devout catholics around me equally grieved at my own faithlessness and heresy they j each would have labored with the zeal of ; st paul to convert me to their faith as many protestants would labor to convert them so runs the world we deem all 1 heretics but ourselves â€” and amidst so many contending creeds who shall pre scribe the true faith happy are they whose living virtues give them the hope that they possess it the confessionals <$â€¢__â€¢, there are sights at romc.ho wevcr which ! will ever shock the minds of all protes tant christians i speak not of those per sonal obliquities of character which are openly charged upon the priests of every grade for i have seen none of them they may not be true â€” at least they are exag gerated by the tongue of calumny where men are educated lo be priests and car dinals as children are taught a mechani cal trade it is impossible that there should not be many cloven feet beneath a white or black gown but what shocks one al most as much as a scandalous priesthood is the blind confidence reposed in some of the forms of faith at st peters church i counted twenty-five public confessionals aud they appear in all the churches of rome where 1 have been over each was printed in large letters the language in which the confessional moved upon twelve in st peters was written â€” italia lingua â€” upon three germania lin gua â€” upon two gallica lingua and upon two others hungarica lingua upon the remaining appeared flandrica lllyria polionica anglica lusitani his pania and graeca and thus in each con fessional the languages of all civilized nations were spoken and heard priests at stated times may be found in each â€” beautiful women aud bad men it may be seated side by side shut out from the world with a free communication of the ear faces mutually visible and only sepa rated by the thin wall of the single stool of confession here confessions arc made with streaming eyes and penitent hearts here contributions are levied for the con fession of sins and hence beyond all this proceeds as much mischief as the wit of man ever conceived e b from the new york observer a scene ix a synod it was in the autumn of 1834 that the venerable synod of new jersey held its sessions in the ancient and time-honored borough of elizabeth but few larger or more learned ecclesiastical bodies meet in this country embracing within its limits two colleges and the principal theologi cal seminary of the church and covering a large territory where presbytcrianism has been long established it numbers a mong its members some ofthe ablest scho lars professors theologians and civilians in america on the occasion to which wc now allude it presented an imposing spectacle there were venerable doctors in theology whose gray hairs were at once to them a crown of glory and the orna ment of the assembly â€” there were the president and professors of princeton and lafayette colleges with not merely an american but a european reputation ; â€” there were the venerated pastors of a hun dred churches and elders from the elo quent senator through the various grades of civil and social life down to the plain but pious farmer during a momentary pause in the bu siness of this venerable and learned body an aged and highly respected clergyman arose stating that he wished to present a few resolutions to the consideration ofthe synod his age and well earned charac ter obtained for him a kindly hearing his resolutions were on the subject of aboli tionism and in its favor and in opposition to colonization a few well directed re marks fell from their mover after which he took his scat the synod looked as if taken by sur prise and none seemed disposed to touch the exciting subject the moderator was about rising to put the motion which would have resulted in their rejection by an overwhelming vole without a word be ing said when he was arrested by the words " mr moderator slowly but em phatically pronounced in a moment all was breathless attention for about an hour the synod hung upon the lips ofthe speaker such an exposition of abolition ism and ofthe blessings of colonization the aged ones never heard before ; nor the more youthful ones since it was a torrent of eloquence irresistible in argu ment and most affectionate and winning in its spirit and manner when he sat down enough was said the flowing tears of many ofthe gray headed ones showed the emotions that possessed their souls the moderator waited for some time to give opportunity to others to speak but not a word was uttered the motion was put on the adoption of the resolutions and the mover onli voted for them ; whilst the whole synod besides voted against them and we have never had an abolition res olution presented to the synod since the mover of the resolutions was the excellent dr weeks of newark ; their opposcr was theodore frelinghuysen of the united states and this scene in a synod will never be forgotten by many who witnessed it s v the youthful mind â€” a straw will make an impression on the virgin snow ; let it remain but a short time and a horse's hoof can scarcely penetrate it so it is with the youthful mind a trifling word may make an impression on it but after a few years the most powerful appeals may cease to influence it think of this ye who have the training of the infant mind and leave such impressions thereon as will â€¢ be safe for it to carry amid the follies and j temptations of the world mammoth cave to the editors of the ltuisrille journal : croghan's hall may 27 13 14 here i am at the very last end of the great mammoth cave of ky ten miles under ground i say the last end because a few years ago the farthest extremity was believed to be nut ore than two or ibree miles from the entrance â€” since then however the enterprisingguide ste phen the columbus of these subterranean re gions has revealed to the gaze ofthe admiring thousands a new world of wonders such as the eye of man had never before witnessed that these discoveries will be farther extended and a more distant termination made known i have no doubt as there are some twenty large branches which still remain in primeval darkness unex plored for seven long hours they appeared short to me have i been toiling with rapid step to reach this place and now having properly disposed of my share of venison chickens biscuit pies strawberries and cream c in company with an agreeable party and having quenched my thirst at the delicious spring hard by i feel as if it would be a pleasure to commune for a while with a kindred spirit above ground and with your permission to act the part of a cicerone iu reviewing the scenes through which i have late ly passed follow me then from the cave house lamp in hand down the deep narrow valley leading to the " mouth the lengthened shadows oflhe early dawn thicken across our path embower ed by vine encumbered trees ; and along those blushing borders bright wiih dew anil in yin mingled wilderness of flowers ; fair-handed spring embosoms every grace through the vista which opens before us mark how the craggy el ills of green river tower steep and high from the very brink their wood crowned summit and ivy-mantled brow bathed â€¢ by the rising sun in liquid gold ; and observe far | down in the quiet vale the placid green-tinged waters encircling in their embrace a lovely j island but far different scenes await us we feel i the cool air ofthe cave blowing upon us and de : scend by winding steps into the dark opening whence it issues we pass the waterfall till now invisible the door the narrow way and : now we pause in wonder our feeble lights fail to dispel the gloom ; above below around the distant walls conceal their shadowy outlines â€” all is darkness this is the vestibule ofthe mammoth cave on our right is audubon's avenue so named on account ofthe numberless bats which hybernate within its remote recess es ; in front is the main cave in which our path , way lies pass we on the lofty ceiling now appears faintly visible as the eye becomes more accus tomed to the darkness we pass the mountain the kentucky cliffs the church with its rock built pulpit its natural galleries and " long drawn ailes the clouds which appear to float away above our heads ; the haunted avenue leading to annata's dome ; the spring and well the rocky cave ; figured ceiling : the grand turn ; and now the cave appears open at top and wc see the bright stars twinkling on a dark ground far up in the dephs of ether were we to proceed farther we might see ' many other places of interest â€” the black cham ; hers in which the level ceiling 170 feet wide is supported by cnormnus stone pillars ; the ca '. taracts pouring a constant stream sometimes so copious as to shake tho walls ; the solitary cave with its fairy grotto and coral grove ; the tem ple with its magnificent dome 120 feet high and covering area of two acres ; the beautiful blue slipper spring lined with crystals a per fect gem ; but we will retrace our steps lor a short distance and enter through an opening on our left into the deserted chambers we take that branch which will conduct us to the new discovery we pass richardson's spring the sid-saddle pit and now the bottomless pit yawns before us the ultima llv.tlc of the indian inhabitants ofthe cave of the sallpetremakers and of all later adventurers up to the time of stephen the illustrious the same who now cheers these nether solitudes with his same echo ing song or ever-during smile â€” a guide of thou sands and a teacher ofthe great men of earth in matters pertaining to his vocation ere we cross the tiny foot-bridge before us we may as well descend this ladder on our right into the covered way and take a peep at go rin's dome we place ourselves at an open window leaning against a parapet three or tour feet high the guide goes to another place and sets off a bengal light the dazzling glare reveals in front a perpendicular wall extending as far up as the eye can reach â€” as far down as the eye can penetrate ; the rest is a mighty void disclosing no limit we may now resume our journey but time would fail were we to notice more than a few of the hundred branches ; " caverns tn caves in deeps a lower deep the halls rooms and innumerable curiosities scattered over a distance of seven or eight miles wc pass the bridge on which the timid might fear to tread could they see the depth oi the a byss which it spans ; the persico avenue full of formations and remarkable for its exhilara ting air silliman's avenue ; the relief hall ; the narrow winding way the corpulent might . feelingly say ofthis place aj'e there's the n &.'"] the bacon rooms in which the pendent canvassed hams make a greater display than any artificial imitation even in the renowned porkopolis ; th holy sepulchre a recess con taining a natural sarcophagus veiled by stalac tic drapery ; the river styx which is now so low that ave shall need no charon ; the de.id ; sea whose deep motionless waters return but a hollow sound when a rock is thrown in the river lethe over which we are soon ferried in a light canoe here the celebrated white eye less fish are usually caught if you are desir ; ous to obtain one you must be contented with a ! craw-fish which is just as blind though not as ', beautiful we next come to the echo river i passing by the way the entrance to purgatory ! a filthy name a rough winding crevice-like passage which must be threaded whenever the : river is so high as to fill the arch above its pres ent surface i while our guide is preparing for the long roy age which we are ibout to take let us observe from this elevation how distinctly the images of all things around us are reflected rem the dark waters we see two boats united at the keel ; a stephen above and a stephen below both smi ling soexquisitelvnaiurahhat it would be difficult to determine except from the position which is the original and which the unsubstantial coun terfeit but hark ! trains of faintest music ' now greet the enraptured ear and now more loud more clear the notes swell mit and gradu ally dissolve : echo upon echo repeats the d ing sound-,tiil the whole arch iseloquent with voices as if ten thousand spirits in uno choir were sing ing their song of praise before llie throne of him who maketh all things beautiful nearer and nearer the sounds approach : and now faroff i:i the distance appears the form ol a boat as if floating on air four flames blaze upward from the bow and four descend unquenched : the glare reveals the lovely features ofa lady who sits unconscious of the presence of admirers it is a party return ing from cleveland's cabinet let us hasten on and as we pass we too must try to raise a song here every body sings it requires so lit effort to produce a very respectable effect in about forty minutes we reach the farther shore and now stop your ears for a moment while i fire oflf this light fowling-piece crash thun der ! growl ! " follows the loosened aggravated roar enlarging depending mingling ; peal on peal crushed horrible convulsing heaven and earth not all the lions in caesar's menagerie nor the great mammoth which is believed by many to have inhabited this cave nor the peace-ma ker n.ir all together in full concert could s well imitate the thunders ofthe upper world wc now pass mary's sialactic bower mar tha's vineyard tilled with grapes which we in voluntarily taste the bandit's hall with its rough scenery the sulphur spring furnishing an abundance of excellent water and soon we reach cleveland's avenue in which is the no ted cabinet the first part which attracts at , tention is the snowball room snowballs above sticking to the ceiling and snowballs under foot t beyond for more than a mile the ceiling and walls are literally covered with brilliant encrus t tatioiis white resets : leaves like those of the corinthian capitol ; involutes more perfect than any carved work ; fibrous gypsum like bundles of spun glass regularly formed crystals c in endless variety \ isitors generally stop at this place and return after having dined on the " round table " in a hall more gorgeously de corated than ihat ofthe knight of old but we will extend our walk a few miles far ther we pass the rocky mountains the dis mal hollow examine serena's arbor â€” a truly romantic grotto containing a spring on a stalag mite stand surrounded by beautiful translucent columns and taking another branch arrive at last at the end of our journey in croghan's hall fully repaid tor a litile extra labor on our right the murmuring sound of a distant waterfall comes up from a dark abyss ; on uur left the glass waveiess waters ofa spring n\-t in their quiet basin ; in front a mass of stalactite pre vents our farther progress and now after hav ing rested awhile and taken some refreshment we may in five hours fast walking reach the cave-house whence we started this brief sketch may appear to you some thing like exaggeration but in no particular upes . it paint in too glowing colors the astonishing reality a gentleman now present who has seen the celebrated grotto of autiparos speaks of it as a bauble in comparison a party lately from wier's cave in virginia speaks of that truly interesting place in similar terms a gen tleman from new york who i j'i>;!y proud of i his own niagara considers this by far the great er wonder come then and see fir yourself â€” come wheth er you still doubt or whether you believe a ride through the barrens blossoming all over as a garden of flowers is alone worth a trip to the cave here you will find a pleasant house an obliging landlord a table well supplied a pure air untainted by miasmatic exhalations and not least of^-jpmforts rest at night undis turbed by musquitoes here their everlasting hum is never heard â€” their well-sharpened pro | bosces are never felt are you fond of field sports ? you may kill your own venison turkeys pheasants â€” catch your own tish and have them cooked in anv way to suit your taste occa sionally a game at nine-pins will furnish appro priate recreation or if you prefer adrive through the shadv fore or an ex cur-ion on the river you can be accotnm idated " when twilight .: wa ar ftitti last you may listen to the song of souk fair lady ac companied by notes evolved by fairy fingi â– :.- from the trembling strings ofa piano ; or stroll ing wherever fancy leads enjoy the evening promenade here summer diseases are un known and all the vicissitudes of weather may be avoided this crowning advantage yon may be soon be able to appreciate and if not here be forced to exclaim : " in vain i sigh and restless turn and look around for night : night is far off an 1 hotter hours approach thrice happy he ! who on the sunless side oi"a romantic mountain forest crowne !, beneath the whole collected shade reclines ; or in the mammoth care divinely wrought and fresh bedewed with ever spouting streams walks cooi'.y cairn ; while a:i the w.irid without unsatisfied and sick tosses in noon your ever faithful friend f e l a few days since the uay mr mc clusky catholic bishop of xew york was on a visit to one of the clergymen of his denomination in this city and while here was invited to call on governor bouck accordingly he visited ihe man sion of his excellency and after bt-ing in troduced the governor agreeably to his every day salutation inquired how is your wife and children v the astonish ed bishop was a little surprised at first but very good naturedly turned it off by asking the governor to take a pinch of snuff at the same time remarking that bis friends were all well is it possible that ; the people of schohaire are not aware i that roman bishops never wive ? â€” albany ' knick a polar adventure the following thrilling description of an ad venture ofa boat's crew among fields of polar ice is estractcd from captain lleechy's narra tive : on the 13th an officer of tbe doreathea ob tained permission to proceed with a few seamen over the ice to the shore which was distant a bout three or tour miles from the ships â€” a jour ney which whilst the day was fine and the breeze light seemed to be of easy accomplish ment early in the afternoon he set out with his party and commenced his excursion pleas antly enough travelling at a good rate and sur dmunting _ verv obstracle scarcely however had ho reached hallway to the shore when the appearance i fa ! gin the horizon induced the pru dent pan ofhis companions to return to the ships and shortly aherwanh obliged the remainder to desist from ; r k eding bither the fog ap proach quicker than was expected and soon obscured every distant object so that the par ty having failed in every other mode of preserv ing the direction of the ships attempted as a last resource to retra â€¢ th ir 6 ot-martcs in the snow : but this was bond to be equally imprac t cable in c nsequencc of the pieces o ice over which they passed having changed their position and of the occurrence :' other tracks such a_i those of bears and seals which at a distance wete mistaken for their own this circumstanced they felt the full r\tent of the danger to which they had thoughtlessly exposed themselves â€” 1 danger of no trilling magnitu le as i threatened to involve the lives ai the remaining party stii endeavoring t preserve the direction in which the ships had last been seen they wandered about making a very circuitous course which was rendrred still m re indirect lhan it might otherwise have l>een by the diffi y of getting from one piece of ice to the other and the necessity of searching for the m s convenient plac s t r that purpose â€” to travel over ragged pieces of ice upon which there were two feet of snow often more spring ing from one slippery piece to the other or when the channels between them were t.>o wide for tliis purpose ferrying themselves acros upon 7 tached fragments was a work which it requir ed no ordinary exertion to execute indeed the getting from one piece to the other was throughout by no means the least hazardous part of their journey ; the difficulties too were much increased and many accidents occurred through that hurry and anxiety to overcome them speedily which occasioned the neglect of many precaution that leisure had before ena bled them t observe in order to insure their safety some tell into the water and were with difiiculjv saved from drowning by their companions : while others afraid to make any hazardous attempts whatever were left upon pieces of ice and drilled at the mercy of the winds and tides foreseeing the probability of a separation they took the first opportunity of dividing in equal shares the small quantity of provisions which they had remaining as also their stock of powder and ammunition they also took it in turns to fire muskets in the hope of being heard from the ships : which they knew would return the fire and that they would thus at least lean in what direction t proceed even though it might be impracticable to derive assistance trom them these discharges were distinctly heard on board but it is a remarkable tact al though they were answered by volleys ol musk etry and even by cannon not one report was heard by the party who consequently conclu ded themselves at a much greater distance from the ships thai they really were our adventur ers continued to travel in the supposed direction ofthe ships keeping within view o each other and rendering one another all the assistance possible until a breeze sprung up and set the pieces of ice in rapid m ition i nahle to con tend with ihis new diffi ulty and overcome with wet cold and sixteen hours of fatigue they sat down in a state of despondency upon a piece uf ice determined to submit their fate to provi dence it is difficult to imagine a more distressing situation than that nf the party at this moment almost perishing with cold and fatigue with the bare snow ior their only ro-stin place their supply of r ivisions i ihauste 1 and themselves drilling about in a thick tog they knew uot whither perhaps far away from their ships ami with tie pr -;.â€¢â€¢! of being carried out to sea where death w tuld have been inevitable the muskets we heard on board the hip had of course made us eitreni sly anxious to afford re liefto our suffering companions but for many hours no pcrs msdar i venture over the ice ou account ofthe fog and the difficulty of getting back t Â» the ship bui whenbj the report ofthe muskets becoming more audible w - bund that the party were drifting towards us the anxiety to rescue them was so gr_*at that th greenha i master and mite ofthe trenf ventured out with p des an i lines an i had the good fortune to jail in with th party who bj this 7 were drifted nearly wttbin sight ofth vessels they found them seated upon a piece of ice as already des ribed cold wet and so overcome that in a few hours more the greater part of them m â– :.â€¢: have perished their joy at unex pectedly beholding their companions come to tte-ir ra7 i and still m ire at finding ihemselves so near their ship may readily be imagined and inspired them with fresh vigor which ena bled them with the assistan . of their shipmates ; . efleel t:e remain k-r of iheir journey after eighteen h eirs absence they all got safely on board fully detcrmin . to rest satisfied wiih the view of th shore which was l?**red them from the ship and without the de sire to attempt to approach it again by means of the ice * 1 noble doz two smah boys were amusing themselves by wading from a sand bank into a frÂ«_Â»_r pond yesterday tf ternoon whenoneof them losing lus loot hold fell into the water beyond bis depth and sank the attention of a large and . intelligent new foandland dog was call ed to the bov when he plunged in swam ' to the bottom seized the boy by bis clothes and brought him safe to the shore â€” bos ton journal interesting to girls and widows â€” the conjurers have been casting figures in re gard to the aspects and conjunctions oi mars and venus nnd their remarkably ar dent and brilliant appearance the result is tbat thev predict a lovely locwg lore making winter make ready all yc spm str-rs drtjost7 summereuh , , _,,â€ž-â€¢â– - ii sa - rv ' ti**r hia . .Â«*"**? h av be found at juhn shaver adjoining country Â«" ! ivom a rooa atteniw tofa of charge

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terms of the watchman two kithr in advance and two dollars and fifty cents it the end of the year n.i subscription received for a le time than one year unless paid for in advance n i rabscriftioa discontinued but at the option of the 1 it'.ors until all arrearages an paid terms op dvi__-t_5di 'â– â– i ):: â€¢ dollar ;> r s dare for ih â€¢ first insertion and twenty r for ca i continuance c urt notices and court orders will 1 charged 2 per â€¢â€¢ nt higher than th ab ve rates a deduction of xi 1-3 per cent mil oc made to those who advertise by the year _ ..,.., , aj advertisements will be continued until forbid and charged for accordingly unless ordered foracertain num ber of times i ,-â€¢ letters addres_*ed to the editors must come post paid to ensure attention flyjxg visits abroad correspondence of the n y express rome â€” st peter's church ecc pome august 181.3 tlome â€” passports fyr we left the tuscan for the papal do minions our pasports lirst passing through another ordeal at the loot of the bills there was something to be seen of town nnd village life but all along to rome it was for the most part a picture of pover ty and idleness we entered rome in the beauty of the morning espying st i petri's alar oil to tell us where wc were tie country looked a little more like civil ization as we approached the city the people gave some signs of a better exist ence and lhe land looked fairer and more productive than any we had seen this side of fin tuscan borders at last we entered the gates of rome mil after duly enduring the virtue of a prolonged patience our passports as the unceasing plagues of a traveller in italy were exchanged for printed permitted per missions from the police to reside at rome these in turn when we left were to be exchanged for our passports and thus ev ery one enters and leaves all the cities of italy â€” detained when he arrives at one gate to exchange bis passport for permis sion to rest for a time where he is and detained when be departs at another to see that his passport has passed through i!l the forms that every petty government and police may prescribe it is impossi ble not to he a little savage at times over these annoyances it is not enough that every soldier should thrust his paws into your trunk and overturn all you have nor sufficient that your apparel should be at the mercy of police officers who are as often rude as gentlemanly but your per son is no more at your own disposal th.an yoi trunks every traveller is marked and numbered like a mixed flock of sheep or a thousand hogs or oxen driven to amar ket place for a general sale the police men must see who you are and what your name is and a soldier of any character or no character must obey all their com mands if you are going lo rome the sign and seal of the pope must appear upon your passport it you leave rome itmust.be through lhe police of rome with the same badge of authority â€” and worse than all the american consul de manding four limes more than any other consul for his signature must see your passporl before you can make a safe exit from town one can endure an imposi tion from a foreigner with better grace than from a countryman and with no pa tience at all when you know that the de mand i.s a stretch of authority so far the leaves ofmy passport and many leaves cf a blank book into which it was neces sary to bind it are black blue and red with seals and signatures and this too notwithstanding in all my ravels in rus sia poland and a part of prussia i had a russian passport to give me a safe de liverance through the goths and vandals i die country the expense is the least annoyance of passports though a man does not care to throw away his money when he receives no better compensation than the autograph of a fellow who gets his living only by signing his name for travellers an american feels these an noyances more than most europeans be cause at home we have no such nuisances i lie government at washington there fore owes it to itselt to mend its share of tbe wrong imposed upon americans a broad the pupal government â€” st piters sf-c 1 had been but an hour at rome before 1 stood vithin the walls of st peters sight seeing at times becomes a passion imi though nearly forty-eight hours of travel by diligence was enough to fatigue any one and quite fatigued me il was im possible to resisl the temptation to begin the labor and pleasure oi seeing rome a once seeing rome ! that is no easy task my reader 1 begun at st peter's and ended at tin tarpeian rock and saw every thing nnd every body but ihe pope 1 believe in the working days of a week nit working days they were,beginning ear ly and ending late as at florence i shall spate the reader the task of seeing rome 1:1 detail with me â€” the i\'\v words 1 may fay of what i have seen may recall an impression which other times nnd events pave buried for a season to describe korne is to describe a great world that vas and a small world that is the two are as wide as the antipodes apart ; but jl that is lives mainly in the world tbat was st peter's church better than anything 1 have seen tells me of the gran tor and power of the papal states or ales of the church as they are some omes called and sometimes roman states hough roman is the usurpation of a title v('i-y way unmerited the dominions ex ;"'â– '! bom sea to seaâ€”from the adriatic g the mediterranean nd from the po to naples politically it ieems au absurd government and morallv a wicked one * rope with a title of ki holiness is r'* lie title of " his eminence the jjfyare the ministers of state of the one have or claim an absolute i'-itual as well as temporal authority the carolina_lvatchman bktjner & james > . ,, . , > " keep a check ukkj all your editors sf proprietors \ k safl ( new series r ileus do this an llbeety < _^ ---â€ž gent harrison ( number 17 of volume i salisbury n c august 24 1844 the nuncios or ambassadors of tho pope ! i h.til seen before in some splendor but nothing of the true papal dignity until i had been at rome for some days the j church of st peter where i spent more j than live hours to see some of its wonders i and was 111 years in building gave me j an idea of the magnificence of the papal authority of rome sixty millions of dol lars was about the cost of the edifice and ] to sav almost all 1 shall of it tis wonder ful all i went from the pavement to the cross of the cupola a distance of 448 feet i after sitting in lhe ball where a parly of thirteen have taken breakfast descended ] again fo the lloor to walk its lengih m a | distance of 7.30 feet the breadth i.s put i 190 feet less than the length and an altar made of cannon 1 believe 96 feet in height never were distances so deceiv ! ing and all who see st peters for the ' first lime will see it with a feeling of dis appointment its grandcur,likc every beau l i lul piece of architecture grows upon you the more you survey it a full grown man seems a pigmy child seen from one : ; end to the other and st paul's church it xew york might have a quiet resting place beneath lhe dome of st peters at rome it is he largest of all the churches oi europe and a marble upon the pave ment gives the comparative size of each in all lhc church there is nothing meaner common with but one painting there are innumerable designs in mosaic which not oue pair of eyes in a thousand would distinguish from painting marble tombs rich figures emblems as memorials of the the honored dead remembrances for re i vered saints eulogies in inscriptions reli : gious relics from the holy land fill up the chapels and altars the whole is a scene of grandeur surpassing description i you may visit st peter's again and again i and yet again some new wonder burst up on you st marks at venice may inter ; est you more for its associations and per i haps in lhc peculiar architecture of the church but as a work of modern times â€” for st peter's though completed nearly two centuries and a quarter is at rome a mod ern work â€” the interior of st peter's will surpass every other church in the world next to the bidding i studied the religious ceremonies of the place here beneath the gorgeous altar ofthe church â€” where a hundred lights are ever trim med and burning â€” rest the remains of st peter a priest conducted us to the church below and innocently i was lead ; ing a russian lady who had been a trav elling companion to the tomb of the saint when our guide in his ministerial robes and with a look of horror waived his hand for the lady to turn back the sign was soon interpreted in an inscription in latin below declaring th.it women could be admitted but one day in the year and , that upon that day men could not enter ! one day in the three hundred and sixty five ! what a disproportion is this and what an opportunity for those who rail against the inequality of the sex es to rail more and more a statute of st peter is another curiosity and one of the most conspicuous of the church tlpe great toe of th left foot has received ten legion of kisses and the whole right foot is worn as smooth as glass and the half of it is worn away from the kisses it has received the priests bend their heads upon the foot and after a pause kiss it with holy reverence others kiss it as devoutly and little children from the sta tue of infancy until they are old enough to reach this honored saint are held up ! by parents and guardians to obey both in a command deemed as sacred as any in holy writ one of the elegant doors of st peter's in like manner has been kiss ed wherever it could be reached until the bronze figures upon it have lost all the rough surface a long age had given them : once the door of the old roman panthe ; on the pope had it transferred to his great j est church and here it stands a wonder of tlio past and present age another of the doors is one of the three basilicas ' of the holy city once in a generation it â– is opened by llie pope in the presence of thousands who congregate to see it as a miracle of the church the door disap pears wilh aii the magic of an open se | same and the multitude amazed are taught to reverence it as one of the ; holy of holies within the church there : are relics without number and if all i the priests of rome tell you be true je rusalem and all the holy land has con tributed most liberally though not most 1 willingly of the remains of apostles and i martyrs and holy places and even of the saviour himself to the spiritual building ! up of what may here seem to regard as i the city of the xew jerusalem it is painful to a protestant to see the devotion paid to these relics but painful as it was to me i could not but learn a cheap les i son of charity as i saw all the devout catholics around me equally grieved at my own faithlessness and heresy they j each would have labored with the zeal of ; st paul to convert me to their faith as many protestants would labor to convert them so runs the world we deem all 1 heretics but ourselves â€” and amidst so many contending creeds who shall pre scribe the true faith happy are they whose living virtues give them the hope that they possess it the confessionals ;!y proud of i his own niagara considers this by far the great er wonder come then and see fir yourself â€” come wheth er you still doubt or whether you believe a ride through the barrens blossoming all over as a garden of flowers is alone worth a trip to the cave here you will find a pleasant house an obliging landlord a table well supplied a pure air untainted by miasmatic exhalations and not least of^-jpmforts rest at night undis turbed by musquitoes here their everlasting hum is never heard â€” their well-sharpened pro | bosces are never felt are you fond of field sports ? you may kill your own venison turkeys pheasants â€” catch your own tish and have them cooked in anv way to suit your taste occa sionally a game at nine-pins will furnish appro priate recreation or if you prefer adrive through the shadv fore or an ex cur-ion on the river you can be accotnm idated " when twilight .: wa ar ftitti last you may listen to the song of souk fair lady ac companied by notes evolved by fairy fingi â– :.- from the trembling strings ofa piano ; or stroll ing wherever fancy leads enjoy the evening promenade here summer diseases are un known and all the vicissitudes of weather may be avoided this crowning advantage yon may be soon be able to appreciate and if not here be forced to exclaim : " in vain i sigh and restless turn and look around for night : night is far off an 1 hotter hours approach thrice happy he ! who on the sunless side oi"a romantic mountain forest crowne !, beneath the whole collected shade reclines ; or in the mammoth care divinely wrought and fresh bedewed with ever spouting streams walks cooi'.y cairn ; while a:i the w.irid without unsatisfied and sick tosses in noon your ever faithful friend f e l a few days since the uay mr mc clusky catholic bishop of xew york was on a visit to one of the clergymen of his denomination in this city and while here was invited to call on governor bouck accordingly he visited ihe man sion of his excellency and after bt-ing in troduced the governor agreeably to his every day salutation inquired how is your wife and children v the astonish ed bishop was a little surprised at first but very good naturedly turned it off by asking the governor to take a pinch of snuff at the same time remarking that bis friends were all well is it possible that ; the people of schohaire are not aware i that roman bishops never wive ? â€” albany ' knick a polar adventure the following thrilling description of an ad venture ofa boat's crew among fields of polar ice is estractcd from captain lleechy's narra tive : on the 13th an officer of tbe doreathea ob tained permission to proceed with a few seamen over the ice to the shore which was distant a bout three or tour miles from the ships â€” a jour ney which whilst the day was fine and the breeze light seemed to be of easy accomplish ment early in the afternoon he set out with his party and commenced his excursion pleas antly enough travelling at a good rate and sur dmunting _ verv obstracle scarcely however had ho reached hallway to the shore when the appearance i fa ! gin the horizon induced the pru dent pan ofhis companions to return to the ships and shortly aherwanh obliged the remainder to desist from ; r k eding bither the fog ap proach quicker than was expected and soon obscured every distant object so that the par ty having failed in every other mode of preserv ing the direction of the ships attempted as a last resource to retra â€¢ th ir 6 ot-martcs in the snow : but this was bond to be equally imprac t cable in c nsequencc of the pieces o ice over which they passed having changed their position and of the occurrence :' other tracks such a_i those of bears and seals which at a distance wete mistaken for their own this circumstanced they felt the full r\tent of the danger to which they had thoughtlessly exposed themselves â€” 1 danger of no trilling magnitu le as i threatened to involve the lives ai the remaining party stii endeavoring t preserve the direction in which the ships had last been seen they wandered about making a very circuitous course which was rendrred still m re indirect lhan it might otherwise have l>een by the diffi y of getting from one piece of ice to the other and the necessity of searching for the m s convenient plac s t r that purpose â€” to travel over ragged pieces of ice upon which there were two feet of snow often more spring ing from one slippery piece to the other or when the channels between them were t.>o wide for tliis purpose ferrying themselves acros upon 7 tached fragments was a work which it requir ed no ordinary exertion to execute indeed the getting from one piece to the other was throughout by no means the least hazardous part of their journey ; the difficulties too were much increased and many accidents occurred through that hurry and anxiety to overcome them speedily which occasioned the neglect of many precaution that leisure had before ena bled them t observe in order to insure their safety some tell into the water and were with difiiculjv saved from drowning by their companions : while others afraid to make any hazardous attempts whatever were left upon pieces of ice and drilled at the mercy of the winds and tides foreseeing the probability of a separation they took the first opportunity of dividing in equal shares the small quantity of provisions which they had remaining as also their stock of powder and ammunition they also took it in turns to fire muskets in the hope of being heard from the ships : which they knew would return the fire and that they would thus at least lean in what direction t proceed even though it might be impracticable to derive assistance trom them these discharges were distinctly heard on board but it is a remarkable tact al though they were answered by volleys ol musk etry and even by cannon not one report was heard by the party who consequently conclu ded themselves at a much greater distance from the ships thai they really were our adventur ers continued to travel in the supposed direction ofthe ships keeping within view o each other and rendering one another all the assistance possible until a breeze sprung up and set the pieces of ice in rapid m ition i nahle to con tend with ihis new diffi ulty and overcome with wet cold and sixteen hours of fatigue they sat down in a state of despondency upon a piece uf ice determined to submit their fate to provi dence it is difficult to imagine a more distressing situation than that nf the party at this moment almost perishing with cold and fatigue with the bare snow ior their only ro-stin place their supply of r ivisions i ihauste 1 and themselves drilling about in a thick tog they knew uot whither perhaps far away from their ships ami with tie pr -;.â€¢â€¢! of being carried out to sea where death w tuld have been inevitable the muskets we heard on board the hip had of course made us eitreni sly anxious to afford re liefto our suffering companions but for many hours no pcrs msdar i venture over the ice ou account ofthe fog and the difficulty of getting back t Â» the ship bui whenbj the report ofthe muskets becoming more audible w - bund that the party were drifting towards us the anxiety to rescue them was so gr_*at that th greenha i master and mite ofthe trenf ventured out with p des an i lines an i had the good fortune to jail in with th party who bj this 7 were drifted nearly wttbin sight ofth vessels they found them seated upon a piece of ice as already des ribed cold wet and so overcome that in a few hours more the greater part of them m â– :.â€¢: have perished their joy at unex pectedly beholding their companions come to tte-ir ra7 i and still m ire at finding ihemselves so near their ship may readily be imagined and inspired them with fresh vigor which ena bled them with the assistan . of their shipmates ; . efleel t:e remain k-r of iheir journey after eighteen h eirs absence they all got safely on board fully detcrmin . to rest satisfied wiih the view of th shore which was l?**red them from the ship and without the de sire to attempt to approach it again by means of the ice * 1 noble doz two smah boys were amusing themselves by wading from a sand bank into a frÂ«_Â»_r pond yesterday tf ternoon whenoneof them losing lus loot hold fell into the water beyond bis depth and sank the attention of a large and . intelligent new foandland dog was call ed to the bov when he plunged in swam ' to the bottom seized the boy by bis clothes and brought him safe to the shore â€” bos ton journal interesting to girls and widows â€” the conjurers have been casting figures in re gard to the aspects and conjunctions oi mars and venus nnd their remarkably ar dent and brilliant appearance the result is tbat thev predict a lovely locwg lore making winter make ready all yc spm str-rs drtjost7 summereuh , , _,,â€ž-â€¢â– - ii sa - rv ' ti**r hia . .Â«*"**? h av be found at juhn shaver adjoining country Â«" ! ivom a rooa atteniw tofa of charge