Spearman’s correlation coefficients of insulin and insulin propeptides to variables from mother and child in offspring of control subjects (n = 86) and mothers with GDM (n = 134) or type 2 diabetes (n = 39). Where the P value for simple Spearman’s correlation is <0.01, r value is shown in bold type; where 0.01 < P < 0.05, r is in standard type; where P > 0.05, r is in italics. For relationships with Z weight, leptin, and cord glucose,

*

↵*r value for proinsulin or 32–33 split proinsulin significantly different from that of insulin at significance level P < 0.05.