The periphrastic past in Catalan is an alternative to the preterite. It is formed by using anar as an auxiliary verb followed by the infinitive.

vaig ser

vas ser

va ser

vam ser

vau ser

van ser

There is an alternative form of the imperfect subjunctive in Spanish, which is more similar to Portuguese. Simply replace -ra- with -se- for all conjugations:

fuera / fuese

fueras / fueses

fuera / fuese

fuéramos / fuésemos

fuerais / fueseis

fueran / fuesen

The future subjunctive is only used in formal or literary Spanish, but it is easy to conjugate since it is nearly identical to the imperfect subjunctive forms. The future subjunctive in Portuguese is very common and the same endings are used for the personal infinitive (see below).

Spanish

Portuguese

fuere

for

fueres

fores

fuere

for

fuéremos

formos

fuereis

fordes

fueren

forem

The personal infinitivein Portuguese uses the infinitive as the stem + the endings of the future subjunctive.

ser

seres

ser

sermos

serdes

serem

There is an alternative form of the past perfect in Portugueuse which only uses one word rather than an auxiliary verb + past participle. These conjugations are quite similar to the imperfect subjunctive conjugations using -ra- in Spanish. However, this simple form is only used in formal or literary Portuguese. (Note that the imperfect subjunctive in Spanish using -ra- can also be used in formal or literary language as an alternative to the compound past perfect.)

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