About

Dal Lake Srinagar

INTRODUCTIONDal lake is situated in the state of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), the northern-most state of India, strategically surrounded by four countries, on the East by Tibet, on the North-East by China, on the North by Afghanistan and on the West by Pakistan. Dal Lake is a Himalayan Urban Lake, located in the heart of Srinagar (Latitude 34o 18’N Longitude 74o 91’E) at an average altitude of 1,583 M. Dal Lake is a large shallow urban, hyper eutrophic lake situated within Srinagar City, India. The lake is known as a tourist attraction and it also provides drinking water, fish and vegetables, – and recreational opportunities to the local population. The lake is divided into three basins

(1) Hazratbal (northern basin),
(2) Bod-Dal (southern basin), and
(3) Nigeen (western basin). Large areas of the lake are covered by floating gardens, which are land masses used for vegetable cultivation. The lake is having an area of about 25 km2, which is comprised of open water area, floating garden, built-up land masses with human settlements, houseboat areas etc. Land Uses of the Lake| |

| | Area in Km2|
3.| Cultivated| 2.29|
6.| Park /Lawn| 0.03|
8.| Residential| 0.66|
9.| Roads /Paths| 0.07|
11.| Tourist Infrastructure| 0.01|
12.| Vacant Land with or without vegetation| 0.37|
13.| Waterbody with Houseboats| 0.15|
14.| Waterbody with Rads /Flotating Gardens| 0.35|
15.| Waterbody with submerged vegetation | 15.41|
16.| Waterbody with floating /emergent vegetation| 5.26| | Total| 24.60| The lake is having a total catchment area of 337 km2, out of which Telbal-Dachigham is largest catchment (234 km2), which is further divided into the Telbal-Dara (89 km2) and Dachigham National Wildlife Reserve (141 km2) sub-catchments. While most of the Dachigham National Wildlife Reserve is drained primarily by Dachigham Creek (perennial flows), which splits into smaller streams in its lower reaches: (1) Telbal...

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...Kashmir DalLakeDalLake has rightfully become an icon of the Kashmir tourism industry. A Himalayan urban lake, it has five basins and a number of channels that are well linked with each other. There are plenty of fishes in DalLake and fishery is the second largest industry of the region centered on the lake. The sparkling quiet waters of Dal surrounded by snow-capped mountains on its three sides, undoubtedly mark it as one of the most beautiful lakes of India. It is also the second largest lake in the State of Jammu and Kashmir with numerous gardens and orchards all along its shores. Houseboats form an indelible part of the scenery of the DalLake that are always ready to take tourists to a romantic and peaceful ride of the lake and soothe their nerves as the houseboat floats over the slightly rippling waters. They also offer some of the most exotic views of the splendid scenery of the DalLake.
There are Shikaras that look like small ornate versions of the gondolas of Venice that offers ferry rides to and from the banks of the lake to the houseboats. The shores of the Lake houses the distinct Moghul monuments and the campus of the Kashmir University while the two hillocks overlooking the lake house...

...DalLake is a lake in Srinagar, the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir. The urban lake, which is the second largest in the state, is integral to tourism and
recreation in Kashmir and is named the "Jewel in the crown of Kashmir"[1] or "Srinagar's Jewel".[2] The lake is also an important source for commercial operations in fishing and water plant harvesting.[3][4] [5] The shore line of the lake, is about 15.5 kilometres
(9.6 mi), is encompassed by a boulevard lined with Mughal era gardens, parks, houseboats and hotels. Scenic views of the lake can be witnessed from the
shore line Mughal gardens, such as Shalimar Bagh and Nishat Bagh built during the reign of Mughal Emperor Jahangir [6] and from houseboats cruising along the lake in the colourful shikaras.[7] During the winter season, the temperature sometimes reaches −11 °C (12 °F), freezing the lake.[5][8] The lake covers an area of 18 square kilometres
(6.9 sq mi) and is part of a natural wetland which
covers 21.1 square kilometres (8.1 sq mi), including
its floating gardens. The floating gardens, known as
"Rad" in Kashmiri, blossom with lotus flowers during July and August. The wetland is divided by causeways into four basins; Gagribal, Lokut Dal, Bod Dal and Nagin (although Nagin is also considered as an independent...

...﻿LAKE
A lake is a body of relatively still water of considerable size, localized in a basin, that is surrounded by land apart from a river, stream, or other form of moving water that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes are inland and not part of the ocean and therefore are distinct from lagoons, and are larger and deeper thanponds.[1][2] Lakes can be contrasted with rivers or streams, which are usually flowing. However most lakes are fed and drained by rivers and streams.Natural lakes are generally found in mountainous areas, rift zones, and areas with ongoing glaciation. Other lakes are found in endorheic basins or along the courses of mature rivers. In some parts of the world there are many lakes because of chaotic drainage patterns left over from the last Ice Age. All lakes are temporary over geologic time scales, as they will slowly fill in with sediments or spill out of the basin containing them.
Many lakes are artificial and are constructed for industrial or agricultural use, for hydro-electric power generation or domestic water supply, or for aesthetic or recreational purposes.
Lake, large, inland body of fresh or salty standing water. Lakes are distinguished from bodies of water such as bays and gulfs, and some seas, that have an interchange with the ocean and are subject to...

...﻿The Lake - Roger McGough !!!
The purpose of this poem is to tell the audience to stop littering the lakes and other water bodies because it is hard for the sea animals to survive underwater.
OMP- LIST
The Poem
The Lake
For years there have been no fish in the lake.
People hurrying through the park avoid it
like the plague. Birds steer clear
and the sedge of course has withered.
Trees lean away from it,
and at night it reflects, not the moon,
but the blackness of its own depths.
There are no fish in the lake.
But there is life there. There is life.
Underwater pigs glide between reefs of coral debris.
They love it here. They breed and multiply
in sties hollowed out of the mud
and lined with mattresses and bedsprings.
They live on dead fish and rotting things,
drowned pets, plastic and assorted excreta.
Rusty cans they like the best.
Holding them in webbed trotters
their teeth tear easily through the tin,
and poking in a snout, they noisily suck out
the putrid matter within.
There are no fish in the lake.
But there is life there. There is life.
For on certain evenings after dark
shoals of pigs surface
and look out at those houses near the park.
Where, in bathrooms,
children feed stale bread to plastic ducks,
and in attics,
toy yachts have long since run aground.
Where, in living-rooms,
anglers dangle their lines on patterned carpets,
and bemoan the fate of...

...﻿
On the Lake
Summary of “On the Lake”
We get introduced to the family consisting of Oskar, Margret and their son Jonas. The family are staying at their summer cabin near a lake. The story begins in the living room, with the two men Bjorn and Vilhelm who have saved Oskar and Jonas’s life out on the lake earlier in the evening.
Then a flashback of the accident begins. We hear how Oskar decides to take Jonas fishing out on the lake after dinner, even though Margret thinks it a bit too late. The two of them have no luck getting the fish to bite and Oskar declares that they better get home.
But humouring Jonas, Oskar agrees to do some turns with the boat, which ends up with the boat capsizing. Luckily the two men Bjorn and Vilhelm see this and come to their rescue.
Characterization of Margret and Oskar:
Margret is a typical mother, perhaps a little overprotective. After the accident on the lake she checks up on Jonas every five minutes, even though he’s perfectly fine and fast asleep. She dreams of “the perfect family”, as you can see in the quote “she had spent her childhood summers by the lake with her mother and her siblings, her father coming out as often as he could. She had hoped it would be the same for her and Oskar.” This shows us that she just wants a harmonic family life, spending their summers in the idyllic little cabin by the lake – just like...

...English essay: ”On the Lake”
The definition of a good parent: Is it being the sensible grownup that is the perfect example of how to act properly, or does this interpretation of a good parent also include a “wild” site which allows breaking the rules from time to time for the fun of it? “On the Lake”, by Olaf Olafsson 2008, he reviews the problem of being a responsible adult and a good role model, and yet being able to be an interesting and fun person to be with.
It is a typical novel genre text, by the in medias-res, the short period of time the story stretches on, the few characters and by the “open” ending of the story.
The main theme in the short story is being a good parent. By this not meaning doing what is the safest and the right thing to do, but doing what is fun and exciting for your children. This is being expressed in the act of wild cruising on the lake. This is neither a safe nor a responsible thing to do, but it is fun for the son, although the cruise almost took a fatal turn, by capsizing. Afterwards it is about whether or not Oskar is to blame for this accident, which he tries to avoid at his very best by blaming Vilhelm (p.4, ll. 35-36) whenever he mentions the episode, serving scotch or by offering a game of cards.
It the story, it seems as if Margret is very overprotecting towards Oskar. She sits with him till he fall asleep, and constantly checks on him while he is sleeping, listening to his breath...

...The Eutrophication of lakes.
Eutrophication is defined as ¡§the aging of a lake by the biological enrichment of its water¡¨ (encyclopedia.com). This biological enrichment is caused by the addition of nutrients. There is natural eutrophication and cultural eutrophication. Cultural eutrophication is usually defined as the over-enrichment of lakes and rivers with nutrients, usually phosphorous, leading to excessive growth of algae and other aquatic plants. Cultural eutrophication is becoming more common with increased agricultural activity and development of cities around lakes.
At first, when a lake is young and just has been formed, the water is usually cold and clear. These conditions support little life but with time drainage of streams into the lake add new compounds, including phosphorous and nitrogen compounds.
Natural eutrophication can take many years. On the other hand, cultural eutrophication is a relatively fast process. Human settlement near lakes causes a great increase in nutrient input to the lake. In addition, sewage and wastes are usually thrown into nearby streams that drain into the lake and further increase the nutrient supply. The main nutrients that are present in cultural eutrophication are P and N containing compounds coming from sewage. Some algae and blue-green bacteria can live off of these compounds and rapidly grow...