Inspired by W.E.B. DuBois, after years of research the author published the first of a multi-volume set of work in 1926. Unfortunately this is the only volume to date to be published.

The Cushite Empire, thus far traced to origins in Meru of Ethiopia is explored through migrations of ancient Africans, populating vast areas from Asia to Western Europe. Noted: with the elapse of time, the actual seat of the Ancient Ethiopian Empire has proven impossible up to now as having been determined. I would add that since this volume was published, much information has been researched informing us that the Cushite Empire was more extensive than the areas covered in this book.

Dr. Kean Gison's book, 'The Cycle of Racial Oppression in Guyana' is a very controversial piece of work. In the presentation of her facts or opinions about the Hindu caste system operating against Africans in Guyana, Dr. Gibson chose not to be euphemistic. She presented her thesis as she saw it, plain and straight to the point. This is not to say that I totally agree with Dr. Gibson's hypothesis. As a leader in the Rastafari community I am compelled to present facts and not personal opinions. Nevertheless, I recognize and respect Dr. Gibson's right to say what she feels and believes.

Importantly the ERC's ruling on Dr. Gibson's Book revealed the following; No day is as threatening to the peace, security and existence of other people as when the Black man decide to voice his concern, relate his suffering and present his facts. To others the Black man is best when he, in a spirit of taciturnity decide to say nothing, sing no songs, beat no drums and write no books. In direct terms, he is better when he does nothing to educate his people. It is a threat to other people when the Black man try to organize, initiate a financial enterprise, praise a black God and try to be self-reliant and progressive.

To Me this book is about the past, the present, and the future. History written in an oral tradition, and it spoke to me instead of inundating with a bunch of names, dates,and attempts to pinpoint exact moments in time that shaped the course of history. That would have distracted from the essense of what the author has to convey. This is not a book that is exclusive to any one side of the story, it explores the dualistic nature of humanity.

The Basic reason for humanities disconnectedness, seems often to be repeated using different circumstances, however the message always seems to be the same.

The Prophet written by Kahlil Gibran was first published in 1926. Gibran's writings are poetic, yet generally clear, and express some important bits of wisdom. However, despite the bursts of wisdom that dot Gibran's writing there is a patriarchal element that shows, for instance in his reference to God/love as a male entity. I will outline the general flow of the book, and expand and comment on some of the better parts.

The main character Almustafa, who is described as the 'chosen and beloved', returns to the isle of his birth. As he returned, his soul cried out to them, and he said: "Sons of my ancient mother, you riders of my tides, How often have you sailed in my dreams. And now you come in my awakening, which is my deeper dream."

The North has dutifully put on its sackcloth and ashes on the 10th anniversary of the Rwandan genocide, with European and American governments now freely admitting that they would have been able to prevent the slaughter of 1,000,000 (forget the 800,000) Rwandans over 8 short weeks in 1994, but chose, for their own obtuse reasons, not to. The official estimate now is that it would have taken as few as 5,000 United Nations troops. What is less understood is how the literal bloodbath was the direct product of European imperialism and the racist ideology that was deliberately developed to justify it. As everywhere else in Africa, 'age-old tribal and ethnic hostilities' was the lie put forward to deflect the blame from where it belongs.

Even arch-whiteman literary pundit Harold Bloom included this book on his list of the ‘500 most significant books in the Western canon’ even though it exposes the rigidity and fear at the heart of ‘white civilization.’ I guess Bloom could not ignore Ishmael Reed’s wildly inventive use of the novelistic form.

Mumbo Jumbo is a non-fiction novel. When a novel includes a 104-item bibliography, you know we’re in new territory. Reed uses a series of fictional, non-fictional, and thinly-veiled real characters (Hinkle Von Vampton/ Carl Van Vechten) running around 1920’s Harlem to present an elegant and eloquent explanation for the magnetic allure of African culture as it crossed the ocean and birthed virtually every modern musical form. Of course there’s a whole lot more to the music than music: that music carries within it the germ of humankind’s most basic relationship to the essence of All That Is.