In a paper published in Nature Medicine, a collaborative team lead by Rakesh Jain, Ph.D, and Dai Fukumura, M.D., Ph.D., both at Harvard Medical School, and Moungi Bawendi, Ph.D., of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), detail the use of quantum dots to differentiate tumor cells from perivascular cells and the surrounding matrix and to study various processes that occur during tumor development.