Fascinating and Rewarding

Works byKosçak Yamada,heard byPATRIC STANDFORD

Kosçak Yamada is regarded as the one composer who made the most important contribution to the introduction and development of Western styles in Japanese music. Born in 1886 into a modest family, his early life exposed him more to the Protestant Western musical tastes of his parents than to local musical traditions. After the loss of his father the family endured years of hardship, relieved eventually by a generous brother-in-law who encouraged and enabled him to enter the Tokyo Music School, a centre of Western culture. In 1910 he went to Berlin as a student with Max Bruch and absorbed there the prevailing styles, being particularly influenced by Richard Strauss -- as this closing extract from his Choreographic Symphony Maria Magdalena of 1918 suggests.

In time Yamada became intrigued by the possibilities of combining Western materials with Japanese, and in the single movement Nagauta Symphony 'Tsurukame', written in 1934, he introduced a quintet of nagauta vocalists as an integral component of his score.

During the 1920s Yamada composed a great many songs and nursery rhymes, a preoccupation that earned him the title 'Japanese Schubert', and many of his songs remain popular today. He travelled widely and was the first to demonstrate to Europeans and Americans that the Japanese could compose and conduct. He befriended the young Shostakovich and conducted the first Japanese performance of his First Symphony. In his Sinfonia Inno Meiji of 1921, he manages the integration of an ensemble of traditional instruments -- the three-stringed shamisen, fues (flutes), the double-reed hichiriki, and various percussion.