Retina

The retina is the structure that provides sight.

It is cup-shaped and lies on the choroid, which separates it from the sclera.

The light-sensitive rods and cones are located on the outer surface of the retina whereas the retinal nerve fibers travel along its inner surface to the optic disc and then up the optic nerve to the brain. The rods provide peripheral vision (i.e., 'out of the corner of the eye'), especially in dim light. The cones are color sensitive and allow us to see detail.

The fovea is located at the center of the retina. It has a high concentration of cones and is the part of the retina we see with when we look directly at objects, for example, when reading or recognizing faces far away.

The macula is a wide area of the retina that surrounds the fovea.

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