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Changes in the Sun's luminosity correlate exceedingly well with average land temperatures on Earth. Clearly-and contrary to accepted opinion among meteorologists-the Sun's luminosity essentially controls land temperatures on Earth.

Meteorologist: I disagree. Any professional meteorologist will tell you that in a system as complicated as that giving rise to the climate, no significant aspect can be controlled by a single variable

The rejection by the meteorologist of the statistician's conclusion employs which one of the following techniques of argumentation?

(A) supporting a conclusion about a specific case by invoking a relevant generalization (B) producing a single counterexample that establishes that a generalization is false as state (C) reanalyzing a correlation as reflecting the multiple effects of a single cause (D) rejecting a conclusion because it is a proposition that cannot be experimentally tested (E) pointing out that potentially unfavourable evident has been systematically neglected

The reasoning in the meteorologist's counterargument questionable because that argument

(A) rejects a partial explanation, not because it is incorrect but only because it is not complete (B) fails to distinguish phenomena that exist independently of a particular system from phenomena that exist only as part of the system. (C) calls into question the existence of a correlation when the only real issue is that of how to interpret the correlation (D) dismisses a hypothesis on the grounds that is fail to deal with any matters of scientific significant (E) appeals to the authoritativeness of an opinion without evaluating the merit of a putative counterexample

Changes in the Sun's luminosity correlate exceedingly well with average land temperatures on Earth. Clearly-and contrary to accepted opinion among meteorologists-the Sun's luminosity essentially controls land temperatures on Earth.

Meteorologist: I disagree. Any professional meteorologist will tell you that in a system as complicated as that giving rise to the climate, no significant aspect can be controlled by a single variable

The rejection by the meteorologist of the statistician's conclusion employs which one of the following techniques of argumentation?

(A) supporting a conclusion about a specific case by invoking a relevant generalization Correct : he has taken help of generalization "a system as complicated as that " to oppose the meteorologist (B) producing a single counterexample that establishes that a generalization is false as state Wrong: [color=#0000ff]meteorologist has not pointed out any generalization [/color](C) reanalyzing a correlation as reflecting the multiple effects of a single causeWrong: [color=#0000ff]multiple causes of a single effect [/color] (D) rejecting a conclusion because it is a proposition that cannot be experimentally tested Wrong: [color=#0000ff]outside no question of experimentation [/color](E) pointing out that potentially unfavourable evident has been systematically neglected Wrong: [color=#0000ff] nothing pointed out as unfavourable evident which is neglected[/color]Lets discuss these.

IMO A.

Please let me know the ans... _________________

If u can't jump the 700 wall , drill a big hole and cross it .. I can and I WILL DO IT ...need some encouragement and inspirations from U ALL

Changes in the Sun's luminosity correlate exceedingly well with average land temperatures on Earth. Clearly-and contrary to accepted opinion among meteorologists-the Sun's luminosity essentially controls land temperatures on Earth.

Meteorologist: I disagree. Any professional meteorologist will tell you that in a system as complicated as that giving rise to the climate, no significant aspect can be controlled by a single variable

The reasoning in the meteorologist's counterargument questionable because that argument

(A) rejects a partial explanation, not because it is incorrect but only because it is not complete Wrong:[color=#0000ff] not complete is never the case of rejection [/color](B) fails to distinguish phenomena that exist independently of a particular system from phenomena that exist only as part of the system. Contender [color=#ff00ff]need some help on this

[/color]

(C) calls into question the existence of a correlation when the only real issue is that of how to interpret the correlation Wrong: Does not question the correlation (D) dismisses a hypothesis on the grounds that is fail to deal with any matters of scientific significant Wrong: Scientific significance is never mentioned (E) appeals to the authoritativeness of an opinion without evaluating the merit of a putative counterexampleIMO: seems to be correct , he does not evaluate the example he is providing

Lets discuss these.

IMO B and E contenders ...need some expert help to elaborate on this _________________

If u can't jump the 700 wall , drill a big hole and cross it .. I can and I WILL DO IT ...need some encouragement and inspirations from U ALL

Changes in the Sun's luminosity correlate exceedingly well with average land temperatures on Earth. Clearly-and contrary to accepted opinion among meteorologists-the Sun's luminosity essentially controls land temperatures on Earth.

Meteorologist: I disagree. Any professional meteorologist will tell you that in a system as complicated as that giving rise to the climate, no significant aspect can be controlled by a single variable

The rejection by the meteorologist of the statistician's conclusion employs which one of the following techniques of argumentation?

(A) supporting a conclusion(-"I disagree"-) about a specific case by invoking a relevant generalization (-"no significant aspect can be controlled by a single variable "-)IMO A

The reasoning in the meteorologist's counterargument questionable because that argument

(E) appeals to the authoritativeness of an opinion (-"Any professional meteorologist will tell you "-) without evaluating the merit of a putative counter example(-correct as he does not even consider the argument-)IMO E

BukrsGmat, if you take a closer look at B and at what the meteorologist says, you'll see that the "structure" does not match.

(B) fails to distinguish phenomena that exist independently of a particular system from phenomena that exist only as part of the system. Meteorologist: I disagree. Any professional meteorologist will tell you that in a system as complicated as that giving rise to the climate, no significant aspect can be controlled by a single variable

The aeteorologist does not even take into consideration what is said before: he says "because every professional meteorologist says a thing, then it must be true".

Hope it helps _________________

It is beyond a doubt that all our knowledge that begins with experience.

@Zarrolou,Thanks for ur inputs .Even i after rereading it many times i found it is wrong...below is my take: Can u please tell if my understanding is correct

(B) fails to distinguish phenomena that exist independently of a particular system from phenomena that exist only as part of the system.

This has two parts: Second part-- phenomena that exist only as part of the systemAs the statistician claims that luminosity essentially controls but the meteorologist claims that it is the only cause , " that exist only as part of the system" part is correct

First Part -- that exist independently of a particular system :This part is not correct."the Sun's luminosity essentially controls land temperatures on Earth. ": does not mean it works independent of others presence.We actually don't know if it is dependent on something Wrong

So the ans has two part one is wrong one i right So in total B is Wrong _________________

If u can't jump the 700 wall , drill a big hole and cross it .. I can and I WILL DO IT ...need some encouragement and inspirations from U ALL

@Zarrolou,Thanks for ur inputs .Even i after rereading it many times i found it is wrong...below is my take: Can u please tell if my understanding is correct

(B) fails to distinguish phenomena that exist independently of a particular system from phenomena that exist only as part of the system.

This has two parts: Second part-- phenomena that exist only as part of the systemAs the statistician claims that luminosity essentially controls but the meteorologist claims that it is the only cause , " that exist only as part of the system" part is correct

First Part -- that exist independently of a particular system :This part is not correct."the Sun's luminosity essentially controls land temperatures on Earth. ": does not mean it works independent of others presence.We actually don't know if it is dependent on something Wrong

So the ans has two part one is wrong one i right So in total B is Wrong

This is actually simpler, keep in mind that we have to judge the meteorologist's counterargument, so what the other guy says does not matter.

Meteorologist: I disagree. Any professional meteorologist will tell you that in a system as complicated as that giving rise to the climate, no significant aspect can be controlled by a single variable.

The other guys gives him his opinion, but he says "it's wrong because everybody says so". Why this is questionable? Because appeals to the authoritativeness of an opinion without evaluating the merit of a putative counter example, as E states.

If you think about it, B is not the reason why the argument is questionable; I would say that B has no correct part as it does not reflect the "structure" of the respose.

Hope it's clear _________________

It is beyond a doubt that all our knowledge that begins with experience.

Changes in the Sun's luminosity correlate exceedingly well with average land temperatures on Earth. Clearly-and contrary to accepted opinion among meteorologists-the Sun's luminosity essentially controls land temperatures on Earth.

Meteorologist: I disagree. Any professional meteorologist will tell you that in a system as complicated as that giving rise to the climate, no significant aspect can be controlled by a single variable

The rejection by the meteorologist of the statistician's conclusion employs which one of the following techniques of argumentation?

(A) supporting a conclusion about a specific case by invoking a relevant generalization (B) producing a single counterexample that establishes that a generalization is false as state (C) reanalyzing a correlation as reflecting the multiple effects of a single cause (D) rejecting a conclusion because it is a proposition that cannot be experimentally tested (E) pointing out that potentially unfavourable evident has been systematically neglected

A is correct. The meteorologist only says that a single variable cannot control a significant aspect of a complicated system. This is just a generalization he has invoked to support his conclusion on the sun's luminosity case.

cumulonimbus wrote:

The reasoning in the meteorologist's counterargument questionable because that argument

(A) rejects a partial explanation, not because it is incorrect but only because it is not complete (B) fails to distinguish phenomena that exist independently of a particular system from phenomena that exist only as part of the system. (C) calls into question the existence of a correlation when the only real issue is that of how to interpret the correlation (D) dismisses a hypothesis on the grounds that is fail to deal with any matters of scientific significant (E) appeals to the authoritativeness of an opinion without evaluating the merit of a putative counterexample

Lets discuss these.

Neither A nor B is correct. The answer is (E).

(A) - The first person says "the Sun's luminosity essentially controls land temperatures on Earth". It is not a partial explanation. He says that Sun's luminosity controls land temp. He gives a complete explanation of land temperature variance. According to the meteorologist, this is incorrect. One variable cannot control land temperature.

(B) - Why are we considering it at all? Sun's luminosity is a variable in the complex system of land temperature. Where are we segregating phenomena that exist independently and those that exist only as part of the system? No such discussion takes place.

(E) The first person gives a counterexample (Sun's luminosity controls land temp.) to the accepted opinion among meteorologists (which is contrary to this example and hence would be something like this: There are various factors that control land temp.). The meteorologist ignores the counterexample. He instead appeals to the authoritativeness of an opinion (no one variable can control a complex system) by saying 'ask any meteorologist'. Since every meteorologist has the same opinion, it is authoritative. Hence (E) is correct. _________________