Social development Childhood theorists

Child Development Theorists: Major Theorists Of Child DevelopmentDecember 25, 2013

Child Development Theorists...

Changes of development that occur from birth to adulthood were largely ignored throughout much of history.

Children were often viewed simply as small versions of adults and little attention was paid to the many advances in intellectual abilities, language development, and physical growth.

The following are just a few of the many child development theorists with their different contributions.

Jean Piaget

Piaget was a French speaking Swiss theorist who posited that children learn through actively constructing knowledge through hands-on experience. He suggested that the adult's role in helping the child learn was to provide appropriate materials for the child to interact and construct.

He would use Socratic questioning to get the children to reflect on what they were doing. He would try to get them to see contradictions in their explanations. He also developed stages of development.

Click here to learn more about Jean Piaget. [Opens in new window]

Sigmund Freud

In accordance with his view of a basic human motivation being the sexual drive, Sigmund Freud developed a psychosexual theory of human development from infancy onward, divided into five stages.

Each stage centered on the gratification of the libido within a particular area, or erogenous zone, of the body. He also argued that as humans develop, they become fixated on different and specific objects through their stages of development.

The first stage is the oral stage exemplified by an infant's pleasure in nursing and where gratification of needs centers around feeding.

The second is the anal stage (toddlerhood), which revolves around interest in bodily functions and gratification of need by retaining or expelling faeces.

Third is the phallic stage which lasts for about three years and it is during this stage that the oedipal conflict arises wherein a boys desires for his mother are in conflict with his fear of castration by the rival father.

Freud argued that children pass through a stage in which they fixate on the mother as a sexual object (known as the Oedipus Complex) but that the child eventually overcomes and represses this desire because of its taboo nature.

Source: www.child-development-guide.com

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