Sexually Transmitted Infections - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sexually Transmitted Infections. Mr. Prall. Introduction. STI = Sexually Transmitted Infections Can still be called STD (Sexually transmitted diseases) Both were once called VD (Venereal Disease) People of all ages and backgrounds can be affected. Why use the term STI instead of STD?

Copyright Complaint Adult Content Flag as Inappropriate

I am the owner, or an agent authorized to act on behalf of the owner, of the copyrighted work described.

Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.

Gonorrhea is caused by Neisseriagonorrhoeae, a bacterium that can grow and multiply easily in the warm, moist areas of the reproductive tract, including the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes in women, and in the urethra in women and men. The bacterium can also grow in the mouth, throat, eyes, and anus.

It can affect the penis, vagina, anus, urethra or throat.

It is sometimes called “the clap” or “the drip”.

It can be a serious health risk if not treated. 700,000 thousand men and women are affected every year.

Gonorrhea is spread through contact with the penis, vagina, mouth, or anus. Ejaculation does not have to occur for gonorrhea to be transmitted or acquired. Gonorrhea can also be spread from mother to baby during delivery.

Who is at risk?

Any sexually active person can be infected with gonorrhea. In the United States, the highest reported rates of infection are among sexually active teenagers, young adults, and African Americans

Men: Usually appear 1-14 days after infection. Symptoms may be a burning sensation while urinating, or a white, yellow, or green, discharge from the penis. Sometimes painful or swollen testicles appear.

Yes! It is easy to treat. You will need an antibiotic, and some are resistant to gonorrhea so you may need to take more than one dose. Both you and your partner should be treated again, this way you can avoid becoming infected again.

Chlamydia can be transmitted during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. Chlamydia can also be passed from an infected mother to her baby during vaginal childbirth. Because the cervix (opening to the uterus) of teenage girls and young women is not fully matured and is probably more susceptible to infection, they are at particularly high risk for infection if sexually active. Since Chlamydia can be transmitted by oral or anal sex, men who have sex with men are also at risk for Chlamydia infection.

Yes! You will need an antibiotic. One treatment can be taken in one dose, while another can be taken in 7 days. Both you and your partner must be treated for Chlamydia before you have sex again. This will help reduce re-occurance, which can happen.

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by a microscopic bacteria called spirochete, the scientific name is Treponemapallidum. It has often been called "the great imitator" because so many of the signs and symptoms are indistinguishable from those of other diseases.

About 36,000 American men and women become infected with syphilis every year.

Most cases occurred in persons 20 to 39 years of age.

The spirochete is a worm-like spiral-shaped organism. It infects the person by burrowing into the moist, mucous-covered lining of the mouth or genitals.

Syphilis is passed from person to person through direct contact with a syphilis sore. Sores occur mainly on the external genitals, vagina, anus, or in the rectum. Sores also can occur on the lips and in the mouth. Transmission of the organism occurs during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. Pregnant women with the disease can pass it to the babies they are carrying. Syphilis cannot be spread through contact with toilet seats, doorknobs, swimming pools, hot tubs, bathtubs, shared clothing, or eating utensils.

A painless sore or open, wet ulcer, which is called a chancre, appears. You may have just one, or a few. Chancres appear about 3 weeks after infection. Without treatment they can last 3-6 weeks. Chancres can appear on the genitals, in the vagina, on the cervix, lips, mouth, breasts, or anus. Swollen glands may also occur during the primary stage.

Other symptoms often appear 3-6 weeks after the sores appear. These syphilis symptoms may come and go for up to two years. They include body rashes that last 2-6 weeks (often on palms and soles of feet). Mild fever, fatigue, sore throat, hair loss, and weight loss are a few.

Late stage:

One out of three people that have it that is not treated suffer serious damage to the nervous symptom, heart, brain and other organs, and death may result. This can occur anywhere from 1-20 years after infection!

Sexual contact (direct transmission) or from skin to skin contact with someone who has infected sores. Sores may be in other places than the genitals. You can get chancroid from a person who has no visible signs of having it.

Who is at risk?

Anyone that has sexual intercourse, sexual contact, or oral and anal sex.

HSV-1 and HSV-2 can be found in and released from the sores that the viruses cause, but they also are released between outbreaks from skin that does not appear to have a sore. Generally, a person can only get HSV-2 infection during sexual contact with someone who has a genital HSV-2 infection. Transmission can occur from an infected partner who does not have a visible sore and may not know that he or she is infected

Who is at risk?

Anyone who has oral sex, vaginal sex, or anal sex, or anyone that has direct contact.

Most people have no symptoms, or they have very mild symptoms that go unnoticed. Some people don’t even recognize them as an infection. The first time herpes symptoms occur is referred to as “first episode”.

Both sexes: A crop of blisters that appear around the penis, vagina, cervix, anus, or mouth. They usually appear after 2 weeks of infection, and can last from 2-4 weeks. The sores are open sores, that can be tender and itchy.

It is very contagious and is spread through an exhange of semen, vaginal fluids, blood and urine. Having unproteceted sexual intercourse, or oral sex with an infected person can transmit Hepatitis B. 9 out of 10 babies born by mothers with it will pass it to their child.

Who is at risk?

Anyone who has oral sex, vaginal sex, or anal sex, or anyone that has direct contact with an infected person.

Hepatitis B often has no symptoms. If symptoms occur it is usually between 6 weeks to 6 months after infection. Symptoms may be extreme tiredness, loss of appetite, vomiting, pain in the joints, fever, headache, dark urine, sever abdominal pain, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes).

Hepatitis A (HAV)

Occurs when a person gets infected fecal matter in their mouth- from contaminated food. It can spread from not washing their hands after restroom use.

Hepatitis C(HAC)

Passes through direct contact with an infected person’s blood. Sharing needles or during sexual intercourse if one partner already has an STI.

Hepatitis B usually is not treated unless it becomes chronic. Chronic hepatitis B is treated with drugs that slow or stop the virus from damaging the liver. The length of treatment varies. Your doctor will help you decide which drug or drug combination is likely to work for you and will closely watch your symptoms to make sure treatment is working.

*Some types of HPV may cause genital warts, and these are called low-risk types of HPV.

*Some types of HPV may cause cell changes that can lead to cervical cancer and other cancers. These are called high-risk types of HPV.

*For most, HPV will clear on its own through the body’s defense in 8-13 months. For those that do not go away the virus can “hide” in the body for years making it difficult to detect and know when a person was infected.

Condyloma – A raised growth on the skin resembling a wart, typically in the genital area.

There is no treatment to cure HPY itself. Most strands will go away on its own. If not you can treat warts by having them surgically frozen off or burnt off.

Gardasil?

Gardasil is a vaccine that helps protet against the 4 main types of HPV. Gardasil is available as a three dose shot for girls and boys ages 9-26. In boys Gardasil will protect against 90% of all genital warts, and in females it will protect against 75% of all genital warts.

If you have HIV/AIDS you can take medicines called “cocktails”. They are designed to strengthen the immune system to help prevent the onset of AIDS. There is no cure, but these “cocktails” can allow people to live for many more years.

How does a person get AIDS?

A person with HIV continues to have HIV until their t-cells(white blood cells that destroy bacteria and diseases that enter the body) fall below 200. Normal t-cell amount is 1,200-500. The average survival time once AIDS is diagnosed is 24-30 months.

Nymph: The nymph is an immature louse that hatches from the nit (egg). A nymph looks like an adult pubic louse but it is smaller. Pubic lice nymphs take about 2-3 weeks after hatching to mature into adults capable of reproducing. To live, a nymph must feed on blood.

Adult:The adult pubic louse resembles a miniature crab when viewed through a strong magnifying glass. Pubic lice have six legs; their two front legs are very large and look like the pincher claws of a crab. This is how they got the nickname "crabs." Pubic lice are tan to grayish-white in color. Females lay nits and are usually larger than males. To live, lice must feed on blood. If the louse falls off a person, it dies within 1-2 days

Usually after five days on infection a person will start feeling symptoms. Symptoms may be intense itching in the genital area, mild fever, feeling run-down, and the presence of lice or small egg sacs in the pubic hair.

How is it transmitted?

They are easily spread. Most of the time it is during sex play. You can get them from sleeping in a bed where they are infested, sharing clothing, toilet seats, furniture, or close physical contact.

Trichomoniasis (or “trich”) is a very common sexually transmitted infection (STI) that is caused by infection with a protozoan parasite called Trichomonasvaginalis. Although symptoms of the disease vary, most women and men who have the parasite cannot tell they are infected.

It is considered the most common curable STI.

3.7 million people have the infection, but only 30% develop any symptoms.

Trich is easily passed between sex partners. It can be spread through vaginal intercourse, the sharing of sex toys, and mutual masturbation if fluids from one partner are passed to the genitals of the other.

Who is at risk?

Anyone that has vaginal intercourse, or has direct skin-to-skin contact with their partners genitals and theirs.