Tattoo of vascular cannulation site as a self‐cannulation aidConclusionPermanent tattoo of the skin to guide cannulation can used when a fistula is difficult to palpate or if a further superficialisation procedure is not desired. Patients have to be made aware that the markings are permanent and might outlast the fistula. (Source: Journal of Renal Care)Source: Journal of Renal Care - March 26, 2015 Category: Urology & NephrologyAuthors: Regin Lagaac, Rowena Meruz, Mingzheng Aaron Goh Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

IgA NEPHROPATHY IN PATIENTS RECEIVING A RENAL TRANSPLANTConclusionThe rate of post‐transplant IgA diagnosis in our case series was 11%, and IgAN was diagnosed late in the course of transplantation. In most cases, IgAN manifested as haematuria and non‐nephrotic proteinuria, without renal graft dysfunction, and this picture might explain late indication of graft biopsies. The 10‐year patient survival rates were excellent. (Source: Journal of Renal Care)Source: Journal of Renal Care - March 26, 2015 Category: Urology & NephrologyAuthors: Ana Paula Pereira Santana Lemes‐Canuto, Tainá Veras de Sandes‐Freitas, José Osmar Medina‐Pestana, Gianna Mastroianni‐Kirsztajn Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Live surgical demonstrations: An endangered speciesDespite the increasing controversy surrounding live surgical demonstrations, they remain an incredibly valuable tool for urologic education. Live surgery is the most effective means to demonstrate certain surgical techniques and intraoperative decision making. The many potential benefits far outweigh the potential concerns when live surgical events are performed in a thoughtful regulatory framework. Appropriate patient and surgeon selection is integral to successful live surgical events. Under these circumstances, live surgery should remain safe for the patient and instructive for the urologist. (Source: Urologic Oncology:...Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - March 26, 2015 Category: Urology & NephrologyAuthors: David A. Leavitt, Louis R. Kavoussi Tags: Seminar article Source Type: research

Inhibitory mechanisms of celastrol on human liver cytochrome P450 1A2, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1 and 3A4. Abstract
1. The present study was conducted to examine the possibility of herb-drug interaction by celastrol, which is a main compound isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. using human liver microsomes with cocktail methods. Focused on its inhibitory manner on the metabolism of model probe substrates of five cytochrome P450 isoenzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4) in vitro which are important with the metabolism of different xenobiotics. 2. The results showed that celastrol inhibited the five types of human cytochrome P450 isoforms, with the IC50 values of 2.65 μM (CYP3A4), 5.99 μM (...Source: Xenobiotica - March 26, 2015 Category: ResearchAuthors: Jin C, He X, Zhang F, He L, Chen J, Wang L, An L, Fan Y Tags: Xenobiotica Source Type: research

Hepatorenal Disorders. Abstract
Abstract: Renal dysfunction is common in patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) and takes on many forms from acute to chronic renal injury and may involve a variety of mechanisms. Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a specific type of hepatorenal disorders (HRD) with a unique pathophysiology. HRS is characterized by splanchnic arterial vasodilatation and decreased effective intravascular volume that leads to renal vasoconstriction and decreased renal blood flow. The incidence of HRS in relation to other forms of HRD is unknown, however, it is estimated that 35-40 % patients with ESLD and ascites eventually...Source: Chest - March 26, 2015 Category: Respiratory MedicineAuthors: Al-Khafaji A, Nadim MK, Kellum JA Tags: Chest Source Type: research

New Chemiluminescent Substrates of Paraoxonase 1 with Improved Specificity: Synthesis and Properties. Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an important hydrolase, and the enzyme activity decreases in patients with liver disease, diabetes, coronary heart disease, etc. Phenyl acetate and organophosphates are usually employed as substrates for serum PON1 activity assay. However, phenyl acetate for arylesterase activity assay exhibits disadvantage of high background. According to properties of PON1, four new chemiluminescent acridinium esters were designed, prepared through three steps, and characterized with (1)H NMR and mass spectrometry (MS) data, and their properties as PON1 substrates were investigated. The hydrolyses...Source: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology - March 26, 2015 Category: BiochemistryAuthors: Abulimite Z, Mu X, Xiao S, Liu M, Li Q, Chen G Tags: Appl Biochem Biotechnol Source Type: research

Early diagnosis of biliary atresiaBiliary atresia is the most common indication for liver transplantation in the pediatric population and the most frequent liver-related cause of death in early childhood. However, in some cases, long-term survival with the native liver can be achieved by surgical reestablishment of bile flow. The procedure of choice involves removal of the fibrotic, atretic bile duct segment and construction of a drainage route via hepatoportoenterostomy (the Kasai procedure). The outcome following hepatoportoenterostomy is closely related to the patient's age at the time of the procedure. (Source: The Journal of Pediatrics)Source: The Journal of Pediatrics - March 25, 2015 Category: PediatricsAuthors: William F. Balistreri Tags: The Editors' Perspective Source Type: research

A mile deep, ocean fish facing health impacts from human pollutionDeep-water marine fish living on the continental slopes at depths from 2,000 feet to one mile have liver pathologies, tumors and other health problems that may be linked to human-caused pollution, one of the first studies of its type has found. Fish have been found with a blend of male and female sex organs including. The findings appear to reflect general ocean conditions. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - March 25, 2015 Category: ScienceSource Type: news

Mutations that may enable earlier diagnosis of colorectal cancer recurrence identifiedA multi-disciplinary team of doctors and scientists has characterized the genetic changes associated with the spread of colorectal cancer to the liver. Most patients are initially diagnosed with an early stage disease. However, a proportion of these patients will develop a recurrence of the cancer (metastasis), typically in the liver, one to three years after their colon surgery. If identified early, the liver metastasis may be amenable to surgical removal, and cure may still be possible. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - March 25, 2015 Category: ScienceSource Type: news

The Role of Systemic Blood Pressure in the Progression of Chronic Kidney DiseaseAbstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) regardless of etiology tends to progress. Substantial evidence indicates that even modest coexistent hypertension (HTN) plays a major role in such progression due to an increased transmission of systemic HTN to the renal microvasculature in CKD states. This is due to preglomerular vasodilation and an impairment of the renal autoregulatory responses that normally protect against such transmission. Accordingly, effective BP control that also includes renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade is recommended as a primary management strategy for slowing CKD progression. It is widely...Source: Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports - March 25, 2015 Category: CardiologySource Type: research

Endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome. Abstract
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been successfully performed in thrombocytopenic conditions such as in patients with liver cirrhosis but successful ESD for early gastric cancer (EGC) in hematologic diseases has rarely been reported. A 52-year-old male patient, who had previously been diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome 2 years ago, was admitted to our hospital for ESD of EGC. ESD was performed successfully in this patient after platelet concentrates transfusion on the day of ESD. ESD might be an option for the treatment of EGC in thrombocytopenia due to hematologic diseases when optimal suppo...Source: Korean J Gastroenter... - March 25, 2015 Category: GastroenterologyAuthors: Lim EJ, Sim EH, Kim BW, Kim JI, Kim JS, Ji JS, Choi H Tags: Korean J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

Cardiovascular outcomes of intravenous iron in perspective of clinical trials and the use of different iron preparationsIn November 2014, an article by Kuo et al. [1] suggested a role of an intravenous (i.v.) iron sucrose preparation in leukocyte-endothelium interactions and atherogenesis based on results in cell culture assays, a mouse model and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The authors reported that circulating mononuclear cells (MNCs) isolated from CKD patients who have received the iron sucrose preparation produced higher levels of intracellular superoxide than those from untreated CKD patients or healthy subjects. (Source: International Journal of Cardiology)Source: International Journal of Cardiology - March 25, 2015 Category: CardiologyAuthors: Jorge E. Toblli, Gabriel Cao, Margarita Angerosa Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with chronic active Epstein–Barr virus infectionAbstract
Chronic active Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection (CAEBV), characterized by persistent infectious mononucleosis‐like symptoms, can lead to cardiovascular complications including coronary artery aneurysm or myocarditis. Here, we present the case of an 11‐year‐old boy with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and junctional ectopic tachycardia associated with CAEBV. The patient did not have any major symptoms attributed to CAEBV, such as fever, lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly when the PAH developed. Mild liver dysfunction was found at the first examination, and it persisted. Two years after the PAH symptoms...Source: Pediatrics International - March 25, 2015 Category: PediatricsAuthors: Yutaka Fukuda, Nobuo Momoi, Mitsuko Akaihata, Katsutoshi Nagasawa, Masaki Mitomo, Yoshimichi Aoyagi, Kisei Endoh, Mitsuaki Hosoya Tags: Patient Report Source Type: research