Archives
For American
Foreign Policy &
Problems In American Foreign Relations

Dr. Arnold Leder

Note: These archival materials are provided as a
resource
for students. A number of the links may be "down" or moved to
another
location on the Web. Other links, such as those for the websites
of The New York Times and The Atlantic Monthly, no longer provide free,
direct access to archived materials. The materials in these
"gated"
sites can be accessed@Locating
Periodicals At Texas State University LibraryA valid
Texas
State University User Name and Password are required.

In all of these cases, the citation should assist
in
efforts to find the materials.

Some of these materials may seem dated,
especially
those, polemical in nature, related to an event or decison such as the
decision to send American forces into Iraq. However, they may
retain
value for an historical perspective. Other materials have a
longer
"shelf life".

For a view different from those of Ajami
and Doran with regard to the importance of the
Israeli-Palestininan
conflict for American interests in the Middle East see:Michael
Ignatieff/TheBurden:AmericanEmpire/NYT/SundayMagazine/January05.2003
Ignatieff maintains that the U.S. must impose a peace agreement on
Israelis
& Palestinians if an attack against Iraq and larger American
objectives
in the Middle East are to be successfully pursued.

James
Fallows/The Fifty-first State?(Iraq)/TheAtlantic/November 2002Going to war with Iraq would mean shouldering all the
responsibilities of an occupying power the moment victory was achieved.
These would include running the economy,keeping domestic peace, and
protecting
Iraq's borders—and doing it all for years, or perhaps decades. Are we
ready
for this long-term relationship?

JerroldM.Post/ExplainingSaddamHussein:APsychologicalProfile/PBS.Org/FrontlineThis psychological profile of Saddam Hussein evaluating
his personality and political behavior was prepared by Jerrold M. Post,
a professor of psychiatry, political psychology, and international
affairs.
Post presented this analysis to the House Armed Services Committee in
December
1990, on the brink of the U.S. going to war with Iraq.

Charles Krauthammer/"TheUnipolarMomentRevisited"/TheNational
Interest/Winter2002-2003"The future of the unipolar era hinges on whether
America
is governed by those who wish to retain, augment, and use unipolarity
to
advance not just American but global ends, or whether America is
governed
by those who wish to give it up either by allowing unipolarity to decay
as they retreat to Fortress America, or by passing on the burden by
gradually
transferring power to multilateral institutions as heirs to American
hegemony."(Access to Krauthammer article @ SWTLibrary
requires a valid User Name for SWT and a Password. The online article
is
PDF.)

PhilipH.Gordon/BridgingTheAtlanticDivide/ForeignAffairs/January-February2003(Access to Gordon article @ SWTLibrary
requires a valid User Name for SWT and a Password.)

A Discussion Of Great Power
PoliticsPeterGowan/ACalculusOfPower/New
Left Review/16, July-August 2002In this review essay Gowan notes that JohnJ.Mearsheimer/TheTragedyOfGreatPowerPolitics
disdains liberal-imperialrhetoric for a tough-minded theory of ‘offensive
realism’.
Gowan argues that, whatever its merits, the behaviour of states in the
international system cannot be dissociated from the internal dynamics
of
the political orders they protect. This essay offers aninsightful discussion of "realism", "defensive
realism",
reference to Paul Wolfowitz, U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense, and more.

Edward
Said/ Orientalism (Random House 1978)For a discussion of "postmodernism" and
"postcolonialism",
useful in reading Edward Said's Orientalism and assessing the
intellectual
conflict in which his work has played a role, although he is not
discussed
in this article, see: *EdwardRothstein/MoralRelativityIsAHotTopic?True,Absolutely(WesternReactionToTerrorism&Islamism)/NYT/July13.2002(This article is recommended as supplementary
reading for Edward Said's Orientalism.)For an interesting example of early 20th century
European
fiction which reflects the kinds of images of the Orient about which
Edward
Said has written but does so in an unusual fashion,see: Louis
Couperus,(Revised & Edited by E.M.Beekman-Translated From
Dutch)/The
Hidden Force (Univ. Of Mass. 1985)In Beekman's introduction to this novel written in 1900
about the Dutch colonial experience in Indonesia, he quotes the Dutch
author,
Couperus, a romantic of his time who believedin supernatural forces: "I believe that benovolent and
hostile forces float around us right through our ordinary, everyday
existence.
I believe that the Oriental, no matter where hecomes from can command more power over these forces
than
the Westerner who is absorbed by his sobriety, business and making
money."
In his review essay of this book in TheNew York Review Of Books/August 11, 1994, Ian Buruma
suggests that "The Hidden Force opens an interesting and fresh angle on
the idea of Orientalism. For Couperus made use ofall the symbols that became the clichés of
East and West, which Edward Said has identified with colonial
apologetics...But
far from using these images of Occident and Orient to justify
colonialism,
Couperus shows the futility of European rule."(Louis Couperus' The Hidden Force is recommended
as an illustration of the themes discussed in Edward Said's
Orientalism.)

Articles*Bernard Lewis/"The Question Of Orientalism" in Bernard
Lewis/Islam And The West (Oxford University Press 1993), pp.
99-118.(Reserve Desk at SWT Library) This essay is
Bernard
Lewis' response to Edward Said's attack against Lewis and other
"orientalists"
. Bernard Lewis and others are discussed in Said's Orientalism.
Lewis' response has been cited by many critics of Edward Said.
Said's
rejoinder to Bernard Lewis and others who, in Said's view, have either
failed to adequately respond to the points he has presented in
Orientalism
or have misunderstood or misappropriated his thesis is found in Said's
"Afterword" to the 1994 edition of Orientalism.