new york - urban sprawl

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Transcript of new york - urban sprawl

NY is made up of five boroughs: Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, The Bronx and Staten Island. What is an urban sprawl?The land New York was built on and the environment surrounding it.Site and SituationKeyword - Urban SprawlSiteThe sheltered, natural harbor formed by the Hudson and East Rivers provide a safe, deep anchorage. There was an extensive waterfront for the development of ports. The island of Manhattan was a rocky ridge extending north and south. The southern part was easy to defend and the site of the first settlement.The country to the north was able to be cultivated.The solid bedrock which formed the ridge later provided good foundation when congestion on the island led to the development of skyscraper. SituationNew York is a natural route center. The navigatable Hudson River provides communication with large inland area. This was extended by the building of the Erie Canal (completed in 1825), which links the Hudson with The Great Lakes. Afterward, the construction of railways began. There are also coastal routes to New England in the North and Philadelphia in the south. Urban Sprawl - the uncontrolled spread of urban development into neighboring regions

Urban Sprawl occurs when there is a movement of the middle classes to the outer areas, and a movement of lower income families to the inner city. As a result the suburbs expand into the surrounding countryside.

IGCSE GEOMonday, November 17, 2014Vol XCIII, No. 311New York, USA - Urban SprawlCaused by the Urban SprawlRacial Inequality and Tension - Education, Cultural Awareness Classes, Poverty/Unemployment - Welfare Support, EducationUrban Decay and Housing Development - Schemes to Tidy Up Abandoned Buildings, Also Creates JobsEnergy Demands - Green Projects (energy efficient lights, renewable power sources, tax advantages for energy efficient architectures).Pollution - Catalytic Converters, Closer Parking for Only "Green" Vehicles, Community Projects for Cleaning up Visual Pollution.Water Disposal - Public Awareness and Environmental Education, Separate Systems/ Water Filtration for Consumption and Bathrooms (Toilet, Shower).Traffic - Lower Number of Cars on the Road at a Time by Police Monitoring, Staggered Entry Times for Vehicles at Rush Hour (usually around 5), Improve Infrastructure.New York - Urban SprawlThe New York area was explored by the Dutch in 1609It was originally called New AmsterdamTwo or three years after the first visit by Captain Henry Hudson in 1610, the Dutch occupied the southern end of Manhattan IslandThe growth of the city was extremely rapidThe population rose to 21700 in 1700, 60489 in 1800, 123706 in 1820 - and 20 million todayBy the 1950s it was the most populous city in the world - although it has fallen to sixth place by 2010New York had natural advantages that led to its growthUrban StructureCities have sexes: London is a man, Paris a woman, and New York a well-adjusted transsexual. -Angela CarterThe CBD has Two Zones - Midtown Manhattan and Downtown Manhattan

Midtown Manhattan includes - shopping district (Fifth Avenue), theater district (Broadway), main hotels (Plaza, Waldorf Astoria) and the Empire State Building, Chrysler and United Nation Buildings.Downtown Manhattan includes - finance district (Wall Street) and until 11th September 2001 - the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center

What are the reasons for an urban sprawl?Keyword - Urban SprawlThe overall population is growing. As between 2000 and 2009 the population of New York increased by 383195 people.People, especially the affluent middle classes, often leave the inner city areas for a better lifestyle in the outer suburbs.Businesses have relocated to the suburbs because of cheaper land and better accessibility. In wealthy suburbs, like Westchester County, most people no longer commute to the city for work.Some suburban growth north of New York City has been attributed to worried city residents moving after the 9-11 terrorist attack.House hunters have been priced out of more expensive areas closer to the city.