Raven is half human/half demon daughter of interdimensional demonTrigon and Gotham City-born human Angela Roth (known as Arella). Raven was conceived as the result of Trigon's marriage to Arella. Raven grew up in an alternate dimension called Azarath, with pacifistic inhabitants whose spiritual leader was the mystic Azar (Pagon), she was taught to "control her emotions" by Azar, in order to suppress her inherited demonic powers. Initially, it was feared that if Raven were ever to feel any strong emotion, she could then become possessed by her father's evil demonic energy inside of her.

Cover of Tales of the New Teen Titans #2 (July 1982). Art by George Pérez.

During this time, Raven rarely saw her mother and grew detached from her. Upon Azar's death, Arella began the task of raising and teaching Raven, around this same time, she met her father face to face for the first time. Soon after her 18th birthday, Raven learned that Trigon planned to come to her dimension; she vowed to stop him.

Raven initially approached the Justice League for help, but they refused her on the advice of Zatanna, who sensed her demonic parentage;[1] in desperation, she reformed the Titans as the New Teen Titans to fight her father. The team consisted of Robin, Kid Flash, Wonder Girl, Starfire, Cyborg, and Beast Boy.[2] Raven and her new friends later came to think of one another as family.

Trigon soon took Raven to his home dimension, the team defeated Trigon and sealed him in an interdimensional prison with the help of Arella, who stayed at the interdimensional door as Trigon's Guardian.[3] However, Raven continued to fight her father's influence, as he was not completely destroyed, for a period of time, Raven lost control several times in stressful situations, but managed to regain control before Trigon could assert himself.

Eventually, Trigon escaped his prison, came to Earth, and took control of Raven, destroying Azarath in the process, the Titans were manipulated to kill Raven, thereby allowing the souls of Azarath contained inside the ring of Azar to possess her and use her as a channel to kill Trigon. After this battle, Raven rose from the ashes, purged of Trigon's evil, and vanished.[4]

After Raven's disappearance, Arella went around the world in search of Raven, she tracked her down but both of them were kidnapped by Brother Blood. The minions of Brother Blood used Raven to control Nightwing (formerly Robin) as part of Blood's plans, the Titans rescued them both and prevented Brother Blood from returning to power.[5]

As a result of the defeat of Trigon, Raven was free to experience emotions for the first time in her life. Raven found she was able to not only sense, but control others' emotions,[6] she learned to handle this power only after unintentionally making Nightwing believe that he loved her when she thought that she was in love with him. Raven also fostered a relationship with technopath Eric Forrester, who was using the life force of women he seduced to regain some of his lost humanity. Forrester knew that Raven's soul-self could help him to permanently retain his humanity, this attempt was cut short by the intervention of Joseph Wilson (Jericho), who helped Raven overcome her love for Forrester by destroying Forrester and saving Raven.[7]

Evil Raven makes her appearance in the "Terror of Trigon" storyline, which began The New Teen Titans (vol. 2). Art by George Pérez.

Raven was later kidnapped by the Wildebeest Society during the "Titans Hunt" storyline,[8] the Wildbeest, led by the Trigon-possessed souls of Azarath, were going to use several Titans to bring about the return of Trigon. During a massive battle, Raven was possessed by the evil souls and once again became the evil doppelgänger of her father. Arella, along with Danny Chase, used the power of Azar's soul to cleanse Raven; in the result, her body was destroyed, and Arella and Danny sacrificed themselves and joined the cleansed souls of Azarath to become Phantasm.[9]

Raven appeared possessed by her evil conscience and attempted to implant Trigon's seed into new bodies, she interrupted Nightwing and Starfire's wedding, and implanted a seed of Trigon into Starfire. Instead of corrupting her, she actually implanted the soul of the good Raven, this caused Starfire to leave Earth in order to escape from the evil Raven. The Titans were able to defeat her only because of the help they received from Phantasm.[10]

Raven later returned, still evil, in order to destroy the good version of herself implanted in Starfire, with the help of the Titans, evil Raven was reduced to ashes, and the good part of Raven was given a new, golden spirit body, which was completely free of her father's demonic influence. In New Tamaran, Starfire and the golden spirit form of Raven revealed that implanting Raven's soul in Starfire was actually her plan to get rid of her demonic soul.[11]

In her bodiless spirit form, Raven returned to Earth to help extract Cyborg's soul and consciousness from the Technis planet's computer mind.[12] Later, she was instrumental in defeating Imperiex by aiding Wonder Woman and Tempest in re-powering Darkseid,[13] as a spirit, Raven wandered the Earth, looking for her place in the world.

While the spirit of Raven was looking for her place in the world, Brother Blood came to claim her, her spirit was instilled into the body of a teenage girl by the Church of Blood. The Teen Titans (reformed again), discovered that the Church of Blood were worshipers of Raven's father, Trigon, they also found a prophecy which told of the marriage between Brother Blood and Raven that would result in Armageddon. The new team interrupted the wedding, and Raven forced the cult to escape, she then joined the new Teen Titans and enrolled at a high school as Rachel Roth, using her mother's original surname.[volume & issue needed]

After her rebirth, Raven began developing romantic feelings for her teammate, Garfield Logan (Beast Boy), and the two became romantically attached.

In 52, after the death of Superboy, the Titans begin to fall apart. Robin joins Batman, and Wonder Girl leaves the team. Beast Boy struggled to maintain the team, and new members who joined were only interested in seeking fame and honor, rather than actually looking to fulfill justice. When Beast Boy decides to help Steel on a mission, most of the members leave, leaving only Raven and Zatara. Later, Beast Boy, Raven, Offspring and Aquagirl aid Steel in launching an attack on LexCorp. Raven also participated in World War III. Eventually, Robin, Wonder Girl, and a few new members join the Titans, making the team whole again. Beast Boy and Raven were among the only members that remained in the team during this period.

Raven quits the team after she and Beast Boy end their relationship.[14] Letting the others think she is leaving because of Garfield, Raven actually leaves because she has uncovered a secret of one of the other Titans.

Raven takes advantage of this power with a book of unclear significance.[15] Raven has a diskette containing Jericho's soul, she performs a cleansing ritual over his soul and transfers it into a new body[16] before returning to the team as a full member.[17]

Without warning, the Titans are captured by the villainous Titans East and transported to the original Titan Island in New York City, where Raven is placed in the "care" of Enigma and Duela Dent, who took to torturing her psychologically. Raven manages her escape, after beating the Titans East, she gives hints that she still loves Garfield, but he refuses to dwell on the matter, leaving their relationship uncertain.[18]

Following the death of Bart Allen, Raven, along with the other adult Titans, decides to leave the team. Raven decides to pursue her chance at attending high school, having never had the opportunity before.[volume & issue needed]

Raven stars in a five-issue miniseries written by Marv Wolfman, with art by Damion Scott, it takes place during the missing year, following Raven's attempts at living as a normal teenage girl and attending high school. Unfortunately, she gets inadvertently drawn into a mystical fight involving the Medusa Mask and has to battle for the lives of her classmates; in the Wizard #177 magazine, Wolfman briefly described the series, saying, "She needs to be on her own and in charge of herself for the first time in her life. This is more than just a 'tale of Raven'; it sets up her new life."

Raven discovers that Trigon had more than one child, and that a trio of children devoted to her father are behind the attacks, she is affected along with many of the other Titans by these three beings. Raven's three half-brothers use her and Beast Boy as keys to open a portal to Trigon's realm. Raven uses her own power to influence greed in others to make her half-brothers steal what little power Trigon had left, the portal is closed and Trigon's sons, believing they have gained great power, leave.

Raven's half-brothers later return and provoke her demonic side, causing her to leave the Titans and join them. However, the team was able to track them down and convince Raven to join the side of good once more, she later provided a number of other artifacts, all capable of killing her, to the Titans as terms for her staying with the team.[19]

Beast Boy and Raven share a romantic kiss cementing their love for each other.

With the Titans in a state of disarray in the wake of Justice League: Cry for Justice, Raven left the team and was promptly attacked by a demonic being calling itself "Wyld".[20] Battered and dazed, Raven arrived at Titans Tower, where she was rescued by the newest roster of Teen Titans. While she was recovering, Beast Boy stated that he was still in love with her and would remain so, despite whatever difficulties were involved.[21]

Raven decided to stay with the Teen Titans, now acting as a mentor to the younger members. When the Teen Titans attempted to return home, Raven was kidnapped and taken to another dimension by Wyld.[22] Wyld reveals that Raven was the one who created him. When Raven was traveling dimensions looking for her father, her soul self caused all of the animals she visited to merge into one being: the Wyld, the Titans enter the Wyld World to rescue Raven. Wyld is eventually destroyed by Static.

In the final issue of this incarnation of the Titans, Superboy-Prime and his Legion of Doom attack Titan's Tower. Raven stops Kid Flash just before he can kill Inertia. Then she reveals her soul-self to Headcase, terrifying and in so defeating him, after the Legion of Doom is defeated and Superboy-Prime is bound to the Source Wall, Beast Boy and Raven have a talk about her difficulty in reading Solstice's emotions, and their encounter with Headcase. Eventually, Raven starts to open up about her true feelings. While it was her inner darkness that scarred her entire life, she was even more frightened of what her love for Beast Boy might cause her to do. Beast Boy makes it clear he doesn't want to escape from any part of her. Touched, Raven decides that she needs to embrace the positive feelings inside her rather than just her negative ones. Beast Boy assures her this is part of being human, and points out, "I think you've worried enough about the bad...so why don't we focus on the good for a change?" With that, they share a heartfelt kiss to renew their relationship and ultimately embrace their love for each other.[23]

After the events of "Flashpoint", the history of the DC Universe was altered, resulting in The New 52. Raven makes her New 52 debut in the first issue of the Phantom Stranger. There she is shown as a girl in a black and white striped sweater becoming distraught at a funeral over the level of overwhelming emotion that is emanating from the people there, the Phantom Stranger takes Raven to Stonehenge, the portal between Earth and the realm of Trigon. Being told by a "higher power" what must be done, the reluctant Stranger unwillingly hands her over to Trigon.

Raven makes her first Teen Titans appearance in Teen Titans #16. Raven, sporting a new costume, is introduced by Trigon as his "Black Bird of Terror" to his minions, it is strongly suggested that Raven has been controlling Robin's emotions. During Trigon's invasion on Earth, she approaches a near dead Beast Boy who had been assaulted by Deathstroke earlier in the remains of the Ravagers facility.[24] After being touched by Raven, Beast Boy awakens and when he asks if Harvest has sent her, she apologizes stating that she brought him into the fray much sooner than she expected, and says, "Hush. We are birds of a feather now... You are mine to control," as Raven mind-controls him and teleports them to New York where Trigon and the Teen Titans are in battle.[25]

Trigon reveals more of Raven's origins, he has a son from each world he's conquered, but Raven is his only daughter. Trigon let Raven's mother, Arella, live because he considered that Raven needed to be raised by humans so she could recreate the seven under-realms in her own image. Arella fled with her daughter to Azarath where the monks taught her how to control her dark side and avoid Trigon's influence on her. Years later, she escaped from Azarath in order to protect her mentors and planet from Trigon and fled to the Earth where Phantom Stranger captured her for Trigon.[volume & issue needed]

Raven spent time in the under-realms where time flows faster or was compressed. Trigon thought he only needed to liberate her and not control her to make Raven have her own image. Apparently impressed, Trigon handed her the Throne of the Under-realms to rule the place as Queen.[volume & issue needed]

Back in New York, Trigon's three sons, Belial, Ruskoff, and Suge, assault the Teen Titans to take Raven back. Raven, Beast Boy, and the Titans defeat them, but Trigon himself appears again and takes control of the Titans save for Red Robin, Raven and Beast Boy, the manipulated Titans attack, and while Raven and Beast Boy distract them and Trigon, Tim cuts through Trigon's eyes with his inertrite wings. Trigon, pulling out the wings from his eyes, compliments Tim before suddenly disappearing. Soon after, a woman and a group of suited men come through a portal, informing that they will take Psimon into custody and make the incident appear as if it had never happened. When questioned about the police officers Psimon has killed, the woman reveals it has been an hallucination by Trigon, so therefore it has never happened.

Raven and Beast Boy are re-accepted into the Teen Titans. Raven brings controversy to the team by revealing the flirtatious relationships Tim had when under Trigon's control. Raven goes into her room, leaving the awkward situation behind. There, she summons her father, saying, "Father, I am one of them. Your plan worked perfectly," leaving questions on what side she is really playing for.

Meanwhile, Tim calls Raven aside, telling that if something happens to him, the team will look up to her to lead them.

After the events of "Trinity War", the Earth's greatest heroes are gone and the Crime Syndicate of America has taken over the world, the Teen Titans challenge the Crime Syndicate, but are easily overpowered by Johnny Quick and Atomica and then flung into the time stream. While the Titans are constantly flung through time, Raven is sent a few thousand years back in time. There, she is challenged by Etrigan the Demon, who recognizes her as Trigon's daughter and tries to kill her. Raven is saved by Wonder Girl, who suggests that the way to stop Raven's powers, since she was born and raised in a world between worlds, is to manipulate the energy within the time stream. Raven succeeds in anchoring the Titans with her soul-self, teleporting them through time.

The Titans arrive 20 years into the future, where the son of Superman, Jon Lane Kent, has massacred most of Earth's superheroes, leaving only a few, including Beast Boy (Garfield Logan), now calling himself Beast Man, and Rose Wilson. Superboy Kon-El and Jon battle, and Kon triumphs, but Kon is sent elsewhere by an unknown power, and a severely injured Jon is swapped unknowingly as Superboy by Logan and Wilson. The Titans depart again, now to an alien planet in the 30th century, where Kid Flash is actually a rebel leader and war criminal, Bar Torr. While the Titans stay to witness the Trial of Kid Flash, Raven deduces Superboy is actually Jon, and helps send him back to the present time so that he can find a cure for his deteriorating body condition.

Leaving Kid Flash and Solstice in the future, the Titans return to their original time and are united with Bunker, Beast Boy, and Skitter. Raven finds out that their journey has severed Trigon's control over her. Followed by an attack by the villain Grimm, the Titans plan a final attack on Harvest's new colony. Raven is reluctant to join because of her past actions, but Bunker tells her that everybody deserves a second chance, and Raven changes her mind; in the colony, they are surprised to find that everyone is returned to normal, and even the victims of the Culling have been restored to life. Raven plays a crucial role by finding out Harvest's scheme to extract all the metagenes to create a massive DNA strand for his usage, this is destroyed by Raven's soul-self and Harvest is finally defeated.

Some time after leaving the Teen Titans, Raven set out to learn more about her human relatives in San Francisco. Raven attempted to conceal her powers before having a misadventure and then later abducted by Damian Wayne who recruited her to be part of the new Teen Titans team he was establishing to take down his grandfather Ra's al Ghul.

Raven is an empath, able to sense and alter the emotions of others. Raven can astral project a solid black energy form that takes the shape of a bird, called her soul-self, her soul-self can travel long distances. Using her soul-self, she can convert her physical body into her soul-self and carry or teleport herself and others over a limited distance, her soul-self can mentally subdue at least one person by enveloping them inside of itself. Raven's soul-self could initially stay outside her body for exactly five minutes; failure to reintegrate in time would cause mental torment for her, though she eventually overcame this limitation.[volume & issue needed] Raven has also displayed the ability to control mystical energy.

In the "Titans Tomorrow" storyline, Dark Raven, a future image of Raven, is a member of the Titans Tomorrow. She is referred to the "Wicked Witch of the West" because she consumed the emotions of most of the American continent in order to maintain peace.

In the Superman/Batman Mash-Up universe, Doctor Destiny trapped Superman and Batman in a universe where there are amalgamations of a number of DC characters. Ravanna was an amalgamation of Raven and Zatanna, and was a deceased member of the Justice Titans, her costume is kept as a memorial.[26]

In DC/Wildstorm: DreamWar, Raven appears along with the rest of the Wolfman/Perez-era Teen Titans as part of Chimera's dream-fueled plot to make Wildstorms, wherein normally very brutal heroes act like his dream heroes from the DC Universe. Initial appearance had the original Titans Tower appear out of nowhere on top of the Riker's Island prison facility. Mr. Majestic is sent in to investigate but is brought low by a Starbolt and a single touch from Raven before most of the Titans make their escape, she next appears alongside the other Teen Titans as they engage the members of Gen 13. As the heroes of DC, animated as they are, realize they are being used by Chimera and cease fighting and revert to a more cautious approach to the world around them, Chimera decides to dream up villains such as Doomsday to continue with his wishes before resorting to hatching a Sun-Eater inside the moon. While most of the capable heroes travel to the moon to prevent the Sun-Eater destroying it, Raven along with the Midnighter, independently of each other, deducts where Chimera was hiding through Edgar Allan Poe's Purloined Letter, both deducing that Chimera was hiding in plain sight, after a brief fight with the Shadow-Thief, brought low by a glimpse into Raven's mind, they eventually find the shrunken Chimera before waking him up, causing all of the DC characters to disappear, but leaving the damage behind.

Raven is a major character in Tiny Titans, in which she lives at home with her father Trigon, who substitutes as a teacher at her school.

In the Booster Gold series, Black Beetle has moved back in time to corrupt history. In battle between the Teen Titans against Deathstroke and the Ravager, Black Beetle kills the Titans save for Raven, who had shown up a moment after. Booster Gold, Skeets, and Rip Hunter arrive at the scene and tell Raven that history has been rampaged, and ask her to help them track down Black Beetle. Raven accompanies them to an alternate future where the New Teen Titans never existed and Trigon had taken over the earth, they track down Black Beetle but he escapes into the timestream.[volume & issue needed] They return to the time of the battle with the Ravager and to correct the timestream. Booster knocks Deathstroke out, suits up in his armor, and replicates the scene, before departing with Ravager's body, Booster tells Robin, "Embrace your heritage and guide Damian." Meanwhile, Raven plants false memories into Deathstroke's mind, so that he will forever blame the Titans for his son's death and will become the greatest adversary of the Teen Titans.[27]

In the alternate timeline of the "Flashpoint" storyline, Raven is a member of the Secret Seven, a group of powerful sorcerers of Earth. Raven, Zatanna, and Mindwarp are killed by Enchantress, who turns out to be a spy for the Amazon and has been ordered to infiltrate the Secret Seven. Enchantress is eventually killed by Superman. Curiously, Raven and Zatanna's relations to their fathers appear to have changed in this reality, with Zatanna hating hers and Raven striving to live up to be the hero Trigon had been.

In the four-issue miniseries Smallville: Harbinger, A young girl is kidnapped by Brother Blood to be used as an offering to summon the Sons of Trigon, the Seven Deadly Sins. The ritual is interrupted by Zatanna and Constantine. Zatanna frees the girl but Constantine runs away with the artifact he had been looking for; the Book of Magick. Brother Blood succeeds in summoning the Seven Sins using himself as a sacrifice, and the Sins chase after Zatanna and the girl. Constantine, seeing the spirits of those who have been killed because of him, changes his mind and uses Brother Blood's heart to defeat them. Later, Zatanna places the girl under Jay Garrick's care. When Speedy asks what to call her, she tells her name, "Rachel Roth", before concluding, "...but you can call me Raven."

The prequel comic to the game Injustice: Gods Among Us sees Raven joining Superman's newly formed Regime, in attempts to enforce peace over the world. She directly aids in securing the location of Superman's adoptive parents when the government kidnaps them in an effort to stop Superman. Throughout most of Year Three she is subdued by a magical seal that prevents the Regime from finding her, though she is used in a ploy to draw Superman out, near the end of the series, her father Trigon appears during a fight between the Regime and Insurgency; he is under the impression that the Regime are responsible for Raven's disappearance, courtesy of John Constantine's manipulations. Raven is awoken from her enchanted sleep just as her father engages in a cosmic battle with Mister Mxyzptlk which threatens to engulf them all. Raven tries to reach her father, only for Doctor Fate to intervene and banish her father and the imp to another dimension, killing Trigon. Year Four sees Raven briefly securing herself in a pocket dimension where she is confused over her grief about her father's death, considering how much she detested him, she questions where she truly belongs due to her demon/human status. In Year Five, Superman visits Raven to rejoin the Regime, she rejoins in Chapter 34 by using her dark magic to blackout Earth's power and Insurgency's plan to expose Superman's crimes. She and Cyborg capture Deathstroke at S.T.A.R labs.

In the DC Bombshells universe, Raven's mother was from Germany and fell in love with the beastly mountainous spirit, Das Trigon. Despite the hate she received from the other villagers from bearing Trigon's daughter, Azaria still raised Raven with care while teaching her some magic, after their village and townsfolk were killed by the Germans and Killer Frost, the Joker's Daughter took Raven in and forced her to use her magic to benefit the Third Reich. She initially appears when John Constantine and Zatanna (also victims of the Joker's Daughter) were cast into the ghetto, but was revealed to be Joker's Daughter in disguise who used Zatanna to know of the Bombshells' plans. Joker's Daughter then summons the real Raven (who's still under her control), to thwart the Bombshells against her will. However, some of her magic passes on to Miri Marvel, who works with Zatanna to break free of the Joker's Daughter's curse, she then works together with the Bombshells to defeat and depower the Joker's Daughter and her army.[28]

Raven in the Teen Titans animated series. While the dark colored outfit shown here is considered to be her standard attire, she has on rare occasions been shown to wear an outfit of identical design but in an all white color scheme.

A teenage version of Raven appears in the Teen Titans animated series. One of the program's breakout characters, she was so popular that her later portrayals in comics made attempts to be closer to this version of her, her costume is relatively the same as her comic counterpart but her blue dress is replaced with a blue, hooded cloak and a black leotard in order to avoid several animation complications. Raven is depicted with light gray skin, violet-blue eyes, and shoulder-length violet-blue, a-line-styled hair, her origin as the daughter of human Arella and interdimensional demon Trigon is the same as in the comics. This version chiefly employs powers which resemble telekinesis/psychokinesis encased in dark-colored mystical energy. Raven's power is displayed under various forms, she accomplishes this by putting a little piece of her spirit/soul into everything she telekinetically controls. She often chants the incantation "Azarath Metrion Zinthos" to focus her abilities even further, allowing her to perform much greater feats; she also uses this phrase as a mantra while meditating. She has the ability to fly. Raven has also been seen as a fairly good hand-to-hand combatant, although she only occasionally uses this skill during battle. Another of Raven's chief abilities is her "soul-self", which allows her to detach her soul and spirit from her body in the form of a dark-energy Raven, this ability can be used to enter the minds of others, teleport herself and others across great distances, pass through solid matter or through fire, and even alter her own appearance. Raven has displayed a number of seldom-used abilities, she can heal herself and others (to an extent), stop time, and manifest her fears as monsters unintentionally. She keeps a library of numerous spellbooks in her room on the occult, as well as a number of immensely powerful items, charms and talismans. Raven's powers are entirely tied to her emotions, becoming more powerful and more unstable with the intensity of the emotions fueling them. Raven is often giving sage advice to the others about various subjects, and generally stays calm even in desperate situations, she is also the most emotionally restrained of the Titans, appearing secretive and distant. The reason for her emotional restraint is due to the adverse effects her emotions have on her supernatural abilities. However, she eventually warms up to her teammates and comes to see them as her family, the fourth season serves as an adaptation of the "Terror of Trigon" arc in the Teen Titans comics, and has five episodes that focus heavily on Raven. Over the course of the season, Raven tries to avoid her destiny of becoming the portal that will release Trigon into their dimension. However, with Slade having been empowered by Trigon, Raven loses hope and resigns to her fate, she leaves her teammates with a small fraction of her powers to protect them from Trigon's petrification blast when he emerges. Raven regresses into a small five-year-old child, and is rescued from the depths of Trigon's prison by Robin. Robin and the other Titans decide to fight anyway, though they are ultimately incapable of defeating Trigon, their efforts convince Raven to step out of her father's shadow, and she vaporizes Trigon with a pure-white version of her soul-self, returning the world to normal in the process. In the fifth season of the show, she becomes more open and friendly, although her disposition to Beast Boy does not change.

Raven returns in the New Teen Titans shorts; and in one, she goes on a date with the Goth Boy.

Raven's appearance in Teen Titans Go!

Raven reappears in Teen Titans Go!. While her appearance remains mostly unchanged from the original Teen Titans series, it is later shown that her short hair is now black with purple streaks instead of violet purple. Also, in the episode "Hey Pizza", her leotard is jokingly referred to as a "bathing suit", this version of Raven is significantly more chatty and social than in her original series appearance, although she does occasionally show her dark side (though mostly when she is provoked or agitated). In "Legendary Sandwich", it is revealed that she loves the show Pretty Pretty Pegasus (a parody of My Little Pony, for which Strong voices Twilight Sparkle) but is afraid of any other "girly" thing (flowers, hearts, chocolates, and rabbits). Similar to the comics, she has a crush on Beast Boy which culminates in an actual mutual attraction in "Rocks and Water", they formally become a couple in the double episode "BBRae", which is titled after their "ship name" used by their fans as a couple.

Raven appears as a main character in the animated film Justice League vs. Teen Titans, voiced by Taissa Farmiga. She is the center of the story as it revolves around her father, Trigon, attempting to conquer Earth by possessing the Justice League, using Raven as the portal,[31] at fourteen years old, she bonds with Damian Wayne as they recognize each other as kindred souls. At one point, this version uses the TV series' standard spell incantation ("Azarath, Metrion, Zinthos") to effect her magic, she manages to contain Trigon in a magical crystal, which she now wears on her forehead at all times.

Raven appears in the animated sequel Teen Titans: The Judas Contract, with Farmiga reprising her role. She remains close to Damian and has softened up emotionally, even cracking the occasional joke, trying to help Terra with apparent nightmares, and also bringing in a black dog as a pet.[32]

Raven is a playable character in the Teen TitansGame Boy Advance and console video games, with Tara Strong reprising her role in the latter.

Raven appears in DC Universe Online, voiced by Adriene Mishler. She has been possessed by her father Trigon as a part of a demonic invasion of Metropolis and Earth, using Raven. Hero and Villain players will fight with, or against the Titans to either free or keep Raven under Trigon's control. If she is freed, she will join Hero players along with Zatanna, and Doctor Fate in battling Brother Blood, who is the catalyst for Trigon's invasion. Through small info clips found throughout the game, the player will learn that Circe is quite aggravated that Raven refuses to give in and desires her punished once she has what she wants. While Wonder Woman considers her a true hero for containing the dark forces within her and continuing the struggle against it, outside of the main story, Raven is located in the Watchtower's Magic Wing where she is a vendor of the Tier 1 armor set for the magically aligned heroes. If clicked repeatedly, she will remark on how she is not always sarcastic when she speaks.

Raven is a playable character in Injustice: Gods Among Us, with Tara Strong once again reprising her role but with a deeper and more demonic sounding voice (although a trailer featuring Green Lantern in Story Mode had her with the same voice as the television incarnation). Trigon appears as part of her super attack,[33] and the Regime's Raven notes in a confrontation with Wonder Woman that she serves her world's Superman as Superman's actions will aid in her father's return; in her single player ending, the "normal" Raven, after having expended a large amount of demonic energy defeating Superman, realizes too late that she has summoned her father Trigon into the world. Thanking her, he summons an army of demons and sets about conquering the world. Raven also appears in a spin-off-comic Injustice: Gods Among Us by NetherRealm Studios, she is first seen in the Justice League Watchtower, recruited by Superman. She and Nightwing exchange solemn looks when Wonder Woman mentions about the destruction of Metropolis. Later, Raven helps capture Mirror Master, who has been holding Superman's parents hostage.

Raven makes a cameo in Starfire's ending in Injustice 2 as the latter has a flashback of the Titans celebrating their victories. Starfire mentions that Raven's no longer with them as she's now become a servant of Trigon.

Ed Benes
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José Edilbenes Bezerra was born November 20,1972, in Alto Santo, a small town in the Brazilian state of Ceará, in the northeast region of the country. He has lived in Limoeiro do Norte, a town also in Ceará state. He began drawing on his own in 1989, referencing the artwork from his brothers comic books and he also took a correspondence art course,

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Ed Benes

DC Comics
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DC Comics, Inc. is an American comic book publisher. It is the unit of DC Entertainment, a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Entertainment, Inc. a division of Time Warner, the company has also published non-DC Universe-related material, including Watchmen, V for Vendetta and many titles under their alternative imprint Vertigo. The initials DC came from th

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1987 test logo.

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The current DC Comics logo

DC Comics Presents
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A recurring back-up feature Whatever Happened to. Had stories revealing the status of minor and little-used characters. DC Comics Presents debuted with a July/August 1978 cover date and was edited by Julius Schwartz, the series was launched with a team-up of Superman and the Flash by writer Martin Pasko and artist José Luis García-López. The winner

Marv Wolfman
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Marvin Arthur Marv Wolfman is an American comic book writer. Marv Wolfman was born in Brooklyn, New York City, the son of police officer Abe and he has a sister, Harriet,12 years older. When Wolfman was 13, his family moved to Flushing, Queens, in New York City and he went on to New Yorks High School of Art and Design, in Manhattan, hoping to becom

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Marv Wolfman

Demon
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A demon is a supernatural, mythological and often malevolent being prevalent in religion, occultism, literature, fiction, mythology and folklore. The original Greek word daimon does not carry the negative connotation initially understood by implementation of the Koine δαιμόνιον, the Ancient Greek word δαίμων daimōn denotes a spirit or divine power,

Human
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Modern humans are the only extant members of Hominina tribe, a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes. Several of these hominins used fire, occupied much of Eurasia and they began to exhibit evidence of behavioral modernity around 50,000 years ago. In several waves of migration, anatomically modern humans ventured out of

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Reconstruction of Homo habilis, the earliest known species of the genus Homo and the first human ancestor to use stone tools

Teen Titans
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The Teen Titans, also known as the New Teen Titans and the Titans, are a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, often in an eponymous monthly series. As the groups name suggests, its members are teenage superheroes, Bob Haney, the creator and long-time writer of the Teen Titans series, considers the earli

Justice League
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The Justice League, also known as the Justice League of America, is a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The Justice League was conceived by writer Gardner Fox, and first appeared in The Brave, the team is an assemblage of superheroes who join together as the Justice League. The seven original members

Justice League Dark
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The Justice League Dark, or JLD, is a fictional superhero team that appears in comic books published by DC Comics. First appearing in Justice League Dark #1, the Justice League Dark originally featured John Constantine, Madame Xanadu, Deadman, Shade, the Changing Man, the team consists of the more supernatural members of the DC Universe, handling s

Telepathy
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Telepathy is the purported transmission of information from one person to another without using any of our known sensory channels or physical interaction. Telepathy experiments have historically been criticized for lack of proper controls, there is no convincing evidence that telepathy exists, and the topic is generally considered by the scientific

Telekinesis
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Psychokinesis, or telekinesis, is an alleged psychic ability allowing a person to influence a physical system without physical interaction. Psychokinesis experiments have historically been criticized for lack of proper controls, there is no convincing evidence that psychokinesis is a real phenomenon, and the topic is generally regarded as pseudosci

Hypnosis
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Hypnosis is a state of human consciousness involving focused attention and reduced peripheral awareness and an enhanced capacity to respond to suggestion. The term may refer to an art, skill, or act of inducing hypnosis. Theories explaining what occurs during hypnosis fall into two groups, altered state theories see hypnosis as an altered state of

Chaos magic
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Chaos magic, also spelled chaos magick, is a contemporary magical practice which emphasizes the pragmatic use of belief systems and the creation of new and unorthodox methods. Chaotes can be agnostic or atheist and sometimes regard magical practice as merely psychological, some chaos magicians also use psychedelic drugs in practices such as chemogn

2.
The chaosphere is a popular symbol of chaos magic. Many variants exist. For more, see Symbol of Chaos.

Flight
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Flight is the process by which an object moves, through an atmosphere or beyond it, as in the case of spaceflight. This can be achieved by generating lift, propulsive thrust, aerostatically using buoyancy. Many things fly, from natural aviators such as birds, bats and insects to human inventions such as missiles, aircraft such as airplanes, helicop

Superheroine
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A female superhero is sometimes called a superheroine. Fiction centered on characters, especially in American comic books since the 1930s, is known as superhero fiction. By most definitions, characters do not require actual supernatural or superhuman powers or phenomena to be deemed superheroes, some superheroes use their powers to counter daily cr

Comic book
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A comic book or comicbook, also called comic magazine or simply comic, is a publication that consists of comic art in the form of sequential juxtaposed panels that represent individual scenes. Panels are often accompanied by brief descriptive prose and written narrative, although comics has some origins in 18th century Japan and 1830s Europe, comic

DC Comics insert previews
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DC Comics insert previews were 16-page comic book stories inserted into issues of existing DC Comics series to promote new series usually debuting the next month. Running from 1980 to 1985, they consisted of a front cover,14 pages of story, the addition of the insert did not entail an increase in the price of the comic book, and the cover copy call

Trigon (comics)
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Trigon is a demon, a comic book character published by DC Comics. He is one of the most powerful beings in the DC Universe, Trigon first appeared in New Teen Titans #2 and was created by Marv Wolfman and George Pérez. A sadistic, cruel, and powerful demon of inter-dimensional origin, a side effect of this pairing is that their child was filled with

Empathy
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Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within the other persons frame of reference, i. e. the capacity to place oneself in anothers position. Empathy is seeing with the eyes of another, listening with the ears of another, there are many definitions for empathy which encompass a broad range of emotiona

1.
When children are shown videoclips with situations where they see people suffering pain by coincidence, neural circuits related to pain are being activated in their brain.

Astral body
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A subtle body is one of a series of psycho-spiritual constituents of living beings, according to various esoteric, occult, and mystical teachings. According to such beliefs each subtle body corresponds to a plane of existence. According to Bhagavad Gita, one of the most sacred texts of Hinduism, the body is composed of mind, intelligence and ego. T

1.
The subtle body in Indian mysticism, from a Yoga manuscript in Braj Bhasa language, 1899, now in the British Library.

Pseudonym
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A pseudonym or alias is a name that a person or group assumes for a particular purpose, which can differ from their original or true name. Historically, they have taken the form of anagrams, Graecisms. Pseudonyms should not be confused with new names that replace old ones, actors, musicians, and other performers sometimes use stage names, for examp

Gotham City
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Gotham City or Gotham is a fictional city appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, best known as the home of Batman. Batmans place of residence was first identified as Gotham City in Batman #4, the city is depicted as being within close proximity to Metropolis, and the vast majority of DC Comics references place Gotham City specifi

1.
Gotham City

2.
The English village of Gotham, Nottinghamshire where the name originates. From 2010 to 2014, the Gotham sign had been stolen three times by Batman enthusiasts.

Pacifism
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Pacifism is opposition to war, militarism, or violence. The word pacifism was coined by the French peace campaigner Émile Arnaud, a related term is ahimsa, which is a core philosophy in Buddhism, Jainism, and Hinduism. While modern connotations are recent, having been explicated since the 19th century, in Christianity, Jesus Christs injunction to l

1.
Anti-war activist arrested in San Francisco during the March 2003 protests against the war in Iraq

3.
Vereshchagin 's painting Apotheosis of War (1871) came to be admired as one of the earliest artistic expressions of pacifism

4.
Moriori tree carving found in the Chatham Islands.

Zatanna
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Zatanna Zatara is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published DC Comics. The character was created by Julius Schwartz, Gardner Fox and Murphy Anderson, Zatanna is both a stage magician and an actual magician, like her father Giovanni John Zatara. As such she has many of her fathers powers relating to magic, Zatanna is the daug

Dick Grayson
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Richard John Dick Grayson is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly in association with Batman. Created by Bob Kane and Bill Finger and illustrator Jerry Robinson, in Tales of the Teen Titans #44 the character retires his role as Robin and assumes the superhero persona of Nightwing, created by Marv

Wally West
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Wally West is a fictional superhero that appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. He is the first Kid Flash and the third Flash and his power consists mainly of superhuman speed. He made his first appearance as the Kid Flash in the Flash #110 in 1959, Wally took up the mantle of the Flash following the death of Barry Allen from 1986

Donna Troy
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Donna Troy is a comic book superheroine published by DC Comics. She first appeared in The Brave and the Bold vol.1 #60 and she has been known as the original Wonder Girl, Darkstar and Troia. In May 2011, Donna Troy placed 93rd on IGNs Top 100 Comic Book Heroes of All Time, after the shake-up in comics that resulted from the publication of Seduction

Cyborg (comics)
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Cyborg is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was created by writer Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez, Cyborg is best known as a member of the Teen Titans. However, in September 2011, Cyborg was established as a member of the Justice League as part of DCs 2011 reboot of its continuity. Cy

Beast Boy
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Beast Boy, also known as Changeling, is a fictional character, a superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Created by Arnold Drake and Bob Brown, the character made his first appearance in Doom Patrol #99. As a young child, Garfield Logan lived with his scientist parents in Africa and he received a certain amount of abuse

2.
Cover of Tales of the New Teen Titans #3 (August 1982). Art by George Pérez.

3.
Beast Boy and Raven share a romantic kiss cementing their love for each other.

4.
Beast Boy's first New 52 appearance, red in color. Cover for The Ravagers #4

Brother Blood
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Brother Blood is the name of two fictional comic book characters in the DC Comics universe. The first Brother Blood debuted in New Teen Titans vol.1 #21, the first Brother Blood encountered by the Titans was the eighth to bear the title. Seven hundred years earlier, a priest in the nation of Zandia named Brother Sebastian killed another priest to g

Jericho (comics)
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Jericho is a fictional character who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was originally a superhero and member of the Teen Titans during The New Teen Titans period by Marv Wolfman, since the early 1990s, Jericho has gone through periods of both sanity and insanity. Jericho first appeared in Tales of the Teen Titans

2.
The New Titans #83 (1992), the final appearance of Jericho with his original appearance. The character returned eleven years later with a new look.

52 (comics)
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52 is a weekly American comic book limited series published by DC Comics that debuted on May 10,2006, one week after the conclusion of the seven-issue Infinite Crisis. The series was written by Geoff Johns, Grant Morrison, Greg Rucka,52 also led into a few limited series spin-offs. 52 consists of 52 issues, published weekly for one year, the series

Superboy (Kon-El)
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Superboy is a fictional comic book superhero in the DC Comics universe. A modern variation on the original Superboy, the character first appeared in Adventures of Superman #500, the character was retconned in Teen Titans vol. 3, #1 as a Kryptonian/human hybrid of Superman and Lex Luthor, after the characters death in the Superboy series, Kon-El was

Tim Drake
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Timothy Jackson Tim Drake is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly in association with Batman. The character was created by Marv Wolfman and Pat Broderick, following the events in Batman, Battle for the Cowl, he uses the alias Red Robin. The character has featured in various other formats, such as

Batman
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Batman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was created by artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger, originally named the Bat-Man, the character is also referred to by such epithets as the Caped Crusader, the Dark Knight, and the Worlds Greatest Detective. Batmans secret identity is Bruce Wa

1.
First image of Batman in Action Comics #12, announcing the character's debut in the forthcoming Detective Comics #27

Wonder Girl (Cassie Sandsmark)
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Wonder Girl, is a fictional DC Comics superheroine. Created by John Byrne, and first appearing in Wonder Woman #105, she is a sidekick of the popular superhero Wonder Woman, Later, Zeus, king of the Greek gods, grants her real powers. Later revelations showed that Cassie was in fact a demigoddess and the daughter of Zeus himself. In 2011, DC relaun

Steel (John Henry Irons)
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Steel, also known as the Man of Iron, is a fictional character, a superhero in the DC Universe. First appearing in The Adventures of Superman #500, he is the character known as Steel and was created by Louise Simonson. Aspects of the character are clearly inspired by the African American folk hero John Henry, as the company would have coerced him t

1.
John Henry Irons as Steel, as seen in the "Reign of the Supermen" story arc.

Zachary Zatara
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Zachary Zatara is a fictional character in the DC Universe. Zachary is a descendant of the Homo Magi just like his cousin Zatanna and he first appeared in Teen Titans #34, and was created by Geoff Johns and Tony Daniel. After the events of Day of Vengeance, when magic in the DC Universe was changed, Zachary developed abilities similar to his relati

Offspring (comics)
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Offspring is a fictional comic book superhero in the DC universe. He is the son of Plastic Man, and has the same stretching powers as his father, offsprings first appearance was in a one-shot issue of the same name, a spin-off of the miniseries The Kingdom. His outfit was a predominantly white all-in-one, with black areas laid out in a similar desi

1.
Cover to Offspring #1 (February 1999). Art by Frank Quitely.

Aquagirl (Lorena Marquez)
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Lorena Marquez is one of several fictional characters to use the codename Aquagirl. She is a comic book published by DC Comics. Lorena debuted in Aquaman vol.6 #16, and was created by Will Pfeifer, Lorena Marquez is on a date at the San Diego Zoo when an earthquake shakes San Diego and causes it to sink deep into the sea, killing thousands — includ

World War III (DC Comics)
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World War III is the title of two comic book sagas published by DC Comics and involving many of the superheroes of the DC Universe. The first was published in 2000 as a story-arc in the JLA ongoing series, the second was published in 2007 as a limited series of its own. The original World War III saga was an arc of the JLA series written by Grant M

1.
"World War III"

One Year Later
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One Year Later was a 2006 comic book storyline running through the books published by DC Comics. Following the events of the Infinite Crisis storyline, every DC comic series jumped ahead in-story by one year, the events of the missing year were depicted in real time in the weekly comic book series 52. The One Year Later storyline started in March 2

1.
Logo used by DC Comics in marketing the event.

Titans East
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Titans East is the name of several DC Comics teams. The teams appear in the Teen Titans comic books and animated series, the comic book incarnation of Titans East first appeared in the Titans Tomorrow storyline, which is set in the future. The first modern incarnation appeared in Teen Titans vol,3, #43, as a group of villains led by Deathstroke. Cy

New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for int

4.
Broadway follows the Native American Wickquasgeck Trail through Manhattan.

Duela Dent
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Duela Dent is a fictional character in the DC Universe. She is a member of the Suicide Squad, the Teen Titans and its counterpart. Introduced under the alias of Jokers Daughter, she has used the aliases Catgirl, Scarecrone, Riddlers Daughter, Penguins Daughter, Card Queen. Duela Dent first appeared as Jokers Daughter in the Batman Family series of

1.
Duela Dent

Damion Scott
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Damion Scott is a comic book artist and writer, known for his work on books such as Batman, Robin, and Batgirl, Web of Spider-Man, and Duppy. He splits his time between New York and Tokyo, where he founded an art studio that publishes a Japanese comic called Saturday Morning Cartoons or SAM-C, Scott graduated from The Kubert School in the late 1990

1.
Damion Scott

Psycho-Pirate
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The Psycho-Pirate is the name of two DC Comics supervillains, dating back to the Golden Age of Comics. The Charles Halstead version of Psycho-Pirate first appears in All-Star Comics #23 and was created by Gardner Fox, the Roger Hayden version of Psycho-Pirate first appears in Showcase #56 and was created by Gardner Fox and Murphy Anderson. Charles

Wizard (magazine)
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Wizard or Wizard, The Magazine of Comics, Entertainment and Pop Culture was a magazine about comic books, published monthly in the United States by Wizard Entertainment from July 1991 to January 2011. It included a guide, as well as comic book, movie, anime, and collector news, interviews. With issue #7, the magazine switched to paper and color pri

1.
Cover of issue #235, the final issue.

Justice League: Cry for Justice
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Justice League, Cry for Justice is a seven-issue comic book limited series, written by James Robinson, drawn by Mauro Cascioli, and published by DC Comics in 2009. It follows the adventures of a spin-off Justice League, led by Justice League veterans Green Lantern and Green Arrow, and composed of Starman, Congorilla, Freddy Freeman, the Atom, and S

Titans Tower
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Titans Tower is a fictional building in the DC Comics universe. Its various incarnations have been home to the team called the Titans. Although the location and actual look of the tower has changed throughout the series, there are a few defining characteristics. The first tower was built by Cyborgs father, Dr. Silas Stone and it was sited on an isl

4.
Jim Lee and Geoff Johns at a May 11, 2012 signing for the Justice League Vol. 1: Origin, the hardcover which collected the first six-issue story arc of that series

Phantom Stranger

1.
The Phantom Stranger

2.
The Phantom Stranger in a typically cryptic pose. In his early comic book appearances, the Stranger's garb was a black trenchcoat over a black suit and black tie, as shown here. His now familiar black cape, white rolled-neck sweater, and gold medallion would come later. Art by Neal Adams.

Stonehenge

1.
Stonehenge in August 2014

2.
Plan of Stonehenge in 2004. After Cleal et al. and Pitts. Italicised numbers in the text refer to the labels on this plan. Trilithon lintels omitted for clarity. Holes that no longer, or never, contained stones are shown as open circles. Stones visible today are shown coloured

1.
Ed Benes
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José Edilbenes Bezerra was born November 20,1972, in Alto Santo, a small town in the Brazilian state of Ceará, in the northeast region of the country. He has lived in Limoeiro do Norte, a town also in Ceará state. He began drawing on his own in 1989, referencing the artwork from his brothers comic books and he also took a correspondence art course, though he did not finish it. Benes got his first professional work in 1993, after he mailed out sample art, and was discovered by Neal Adams, in the 1990s Benes began to work for Marvel where he did art for multiple comic book titles, including a Captain Marvel six-part miniseries. He later moved to DC Comics, where continued penciling more work for such as Gen¹³, Birds of Prey, Supergirl. In 2006 Benes was assigned to provide art to for writer Brad Meltzers run on Justice League of America series and he subsequently contributed to Batman and Birds of Prey titles, and Steel. Ed Benes began the Ed Benes Studio for aspiring comic artists, which currently offers several courses on illustration and techniques in sequential storytelling. Action Comics #836, Annual #13 Artemis, Requiem, miniseries, #1-6 Batgirl, vol.4 #13 Batman #687 Batman, The Dark Knight,2, #8 Birds of Prey #56-65,67,70,72,75, 79-80 Birds of Prey, vol. 2, #1-4 Blackest Night, Titans, miniseries, #1-3 Codename, Knockout #15-18 Countdown to Infinite Crisis #1 DC Universe #0 Deathstroke,2, Annual #7 Gen 13 #45-50,52, 54-59, 61-63,67, 71-74 Green Lantern, vol. 4, #49 Green Lanterns #8 Gunfire #0, 6-7, 10-13 Justice League of America,2, #0-7, 9-10,12, 14-15, 17-19, 22-23, 25-27 Justice League Task Force #24 Red Lanterns #1-7 Steel #1 Supergirl, vol. 4, #6 Superman #649 Superman, vol,2, #217-219, 221-223, 225-226 Superman, vol. 3, #27 Superman/Batman #50,78 Superman/Wonder Woman #28 Teen Titans,3, Annual #1, #68 Thundercats, The Return, miniseries, #1-5 Untold Tales of Blackest Night #1 Wonder Woman, vol. 2, Annual #6 Captain America, vol,2, #12 Captain Marvel, miniseries, #1-4,6 Gladiator/Supreme Iron Man, vol. 2, #124 Uncanny X-Men #351 What If. vol,2, #4 Ed Benes at the Grand Comics Database official website at the Wayback Machine Ed Benes at the Comic Book DB Ed Benes on deviantART at the Wayback Machine

Ed Benes
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Ed Benes

2.
DC Comics
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DC Comics, Inc. is an American comic book publisher. It is the unit of DC Entertainment, a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Entertainment, Inc. a division of Time Warner, the company has also published non-DC Universe-related material, including Watchmen, V for Vendetta and many titles under their alternative imprint Vertigo. The initials DC came from the popular series Detective Comics. Random House distributes DC Comics books to the market, while Diamond Comic Distributors supplies the comics shop specialty market. DC Comics and its major, longtime competitor Marvel Comics together shared 70% of the American comic book market in 2016, entrepreneur Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson founded National Allied Publications in autumn 1934. The company debuted with the tabloid-sized New Fun, The Big Comic Magazine #1 with a date of February 1935. That title evolved into Adventure Comics, which continued through issue #503 in 1983, in 2009 DC revived Adventure Comics with its original numbering. In 1935, Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster, the creators of Superman, created Doctor Occult. Wheeler-Nicholsons third and final title, Detective Comics, advertised with a cover illustration dated December 1936, the themed anthology series would become a sensation with the introduction of Batman in issue #27. By then, however, Wheeler-Nicholson had gone, Detective Comics, Inc. was formed, with Wheeler-Nicholson and Jack S. Liebowitz, Donenfelds accountant, listed as owners. Major Wheeler-Nicholson remained for a year, but cash-flow problems continued, shortly afterward, Detective Comics, Inc. purchased the remains of National Allied, also known as Nicholson Publishing, at a bankruptcy auction. Detective Comics, Inc. soon launched a fourth title, Action Comics, Action Comics #1, the first comic book to feature the new character archetype—soon known as superheroes—proved a sales hit. The company quickly introduced such popular characters as the Sandman and Batman. That year, Gaines let Liebowitz buy him out, and kept only Picture Stories from the Bible as the foundation of his own new company, at that point, Liebowitz promptly orchestrated the merger of All-American and Detective Comics into National Comics. Next he took charge of organizing National Comics, Independent News, National Periodical Publications became publicly traded on the stock market in 1961. The company began to move aggressively against what it saw as copyright-violating imitations from other companies, such as Fox Comics Wonder Man and this extended to DC suing Fawcett Comics over Captain Marvel, at the time comics top-selling character. Despite the fact that parallels between Captain Marvel and Superman seemed more tenuous, the courts ruled that substantial and deliberate copying of copyrighted material had occurred, faced with declining sales and the prospect of bankruptcy if it lost, Fawcett capitulated in 1955 and ceased comics publication

DC Comics
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1987 test logo.
DC Comics
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The current DC Comics logo

3.
DC Comics Presents
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A recurring back-up feature Whatever Happened to. Had stories revealing the status of minor and little-used characters. DC Comics Presents debuted with a July/August 1978 cover date and was edited by Julius Schwartz, the series was launched with a team-up of Superman and the Flash by writer Martin Pasko and artist José Luis García-López. The winner of the DC Comics Presents letter column name contest appeared in the Superman/Hawkman story in issue #11, backup feature began in issue #25 and would appear in most issues for the next two years until its last installment in issue #48. Issue #26 included an insert introduction story to the then-upcoming New Teen Titans series by Marv Wolfman, len Wein and Jim Starlin co-created the supervillain Mongul in issue #27 as part of a three-issue storyline. Another insert in issue #41 previewed the new direction Wonder Woman, in issue #47, Superman traveled to Eternia and met the Masters of the Universe. Ambush Bug made his first appearance in issue #52 and made appearances in issue #59. The Superman/Challengers of the Unknown tale in issue #84 was drawn by Jack Kirby, the series also contained the Alan Moore Superman/Swamp Thing story The Jungle Line in DC Comics Presents #85, pencilled by Rick Veitch and inked by Al Williamson. Issue #87 featured the first appearance and origin of the divergent Kal-El of the Earth Prime reality, who would become known as Superboy-Prime. The final issue is an exception to the format, instead featuring Superman in an Untold Tale involving the Phantom Zone, by Steve Gerber. In 2004, the title DC Comics Presents was revived for eight one-shot issues, in July 2010, DC announced the launch of a new DC Comics Presents, a line of 100-page reprint issues reprinting stories that have not seen print since their original publication. Writer Mike Tiefenbacher had several proposals for other Whatever Happened To and these included Captain Action, Blackhawk, Genius Jones, Nighthawk, Ragman, the Sea Devils, the Silent Knight, and Wildcat. In September and October 2004, the title DC Comics Presents was revived for a series of eight issues, each a tribute to DC editor Julius Schwartz. In July 2010, DC announced the launch of a new DC Comics Presents series featuring stories that have not seen print since their original publication, DC Comics Presents, Brightest Day #2, which spotlights Martian Manhunter and Firestorm, and reprints Martian Manhunter #24 and Firestorm #11–13. DC Comics Presents, Ethan Van Sciver, which spotlights the art of Ethan Van Sciver and reprints Batman and Catwoman, DC Comics Presents, The Flash and Green Lantern, Faster Friends, which spotlights Kyle Rayner and Wally West, and reprints both issues of the titular mini-series. DC Comics Presents, Green Lantern, which spotlights Kyle Rayner and Jade, DC Comics Presents, Jack Cross, which spotlights Jack Cross and reprints issues #1–4 of his self-titled series. DC Comics Presents, J. H. Williams III, which spotlights the art of J. H. Williams III and reprints Chase #1 and #6–8. DC Comics Presents, Legion of Super-Heroes, which spotlights Dan Abnett, reprints Legion of Super-Heroes #122 and 123 and Legionnaires #79 and 80

4.
Marv Wolfman
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Marvin Arthur Marv Wolfman is an American comic book writer. Marv Wolfman was born in Brooklyn, New York City, the son of police officer Abe and he has a sister, Harriet,12 years older. When Wolfman was 13, his family moved to Flushing, Queens, in New York City and he went on to New Yorks High School of Art and Design, in Manhattan, hoping to become a cartoonist. Marvin Wolfman was active in fandom before he began his comics career at DC Comics in 1968. Wolfman was one of the first to publish Stephen King, with In A Half-World of Terror in Wolfmans horror fanzine Stories of Suspense #2. This was revised version of Kings first published story, I Was a Teenage Grave Robber, Wolfmans first published work for DC Comics appeared in Blackhawk No.242. He and longtime friend Len Wein created the character Jonny Double in Showcase No.78 scripted by Wolfman, the two co-wrote Eye of the Beholder in Teen Titans No. 18, which would be Weins first professional comics credit, neal Adams was called upon to rewrite and redraw a Teen Titans story which had been written by Wein and Wolfman. The story, titled Titans Fit the Battle of Jericho, would have introduced DCs first African American superhero, but was rejected by publisher Carmine Infantino. The revised story appeared in Teen Titans No.20, Wolfman and Gil Kane created an origin for Wonder Girl in Teen Titans No.22 which introduced the characters new costume. He and artist Bernie Wrightson co-created Destiny in Weird Mystery Tales No,1, a character which would later be used in the work of Neil Gaiman. In 1972, Wolfman moved to Marvel Comics as a protégé of then-editor Roy Thomas, when Thomas stepped down, Wolfman eventually took over as editor, initially in charge of the publishers black-and-white magazines, then finally the color line of comics. Wolfman said in 1981 that, Marvel never gave full commitment to the black-and-white line, No one wanted to commit themselves to the staff. He added, We used to farm the books out to Harry Chester Studios and whatever they pasted up, I formed the first production staff, hired the first layout people, paste-up people. Wolfman stepped down as editor-in-chief in order to more time writing. He and artist Gene Colan crafted The Tomb of Dracula, a comic that became one of the most critically-acclaimed horror-themed comic books ever. During their run on this series, they created Blade, a character who would later be portrayed by actor Wesley Snipes in a film trilogy, Wolfman co-created Bullseye in Daredevil No.131. He and artist John Buscema created Nova in that characters eponymous first issue, Wolfman and Gil Kane adapted Edgar Rice Burroughs Barsoom concepts into comics in Marvels John Carter, Warlord of Mars series

Marv Wolfman
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Marv Wolfman

5.
Demon
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A demon is a supernatural, mythological and often malevolent being prevalent in religion, occultism, literature, fiction, mythology and folklore. The original Greek word daimon does not carry the negative connotation initially understood by implementation of the Koine δαιμόνιον, the Ancient Greek word δαίμων daimōn denotes a spirit or divine power, much like the Latin genius or numen. Daimōn most likely came from the Greek verb daiesthai, the Greek conception of a daimōn notably appears in the works of Plato, where it describes the divine inspiration of Socrates. To distinguish the classical Greek concept from its later Christian interpretation, the Greek terms do not have any connotations of evil or malevolence. In fact, εὐδαιμονία eudaimonia, means happiness, far into the Byzantine period Christians eyed their cities old pagan statuary as a seat of the demons presence. It was no longer beautiful, it was infested, the term had first acquired its negative connotations in the Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek, which drew on the mythology of ancient Semitic religions. This was then inherited by the Koine text of the New Testament, the Western medieval and neo-medieval conception of a demon derives seamlessly from the ambient popular culture of Late Antiquity. The Hellenistic daemon eventually came to include many Semitic and Near Eastern gods as evaluated by Christianity, the supposed existence of demons remains an important concept in many modern religions and occultist traditions. Demons are still feared largely due to their power to possess living creatures. In the contemporary Western occultist tradition, a demon is a metaphor for certain inner psychological processes. According to the Jewish Encyclopedia, In Chaldean mythology the seven evil deities were known as shedu, storm-demons and they were represented as winged bulls, derived from the colossal bulls used as protective jinn of royal palaces. From Chaldea, the term shedu traveled to the Israelites, the writers of the Tanach applied the word as a dialogism to Canaanite deities. There are indications that demons in popular Hebrew mythology were believed to come from the nether world, various diseases and ailments were ascribed to them, particularly those affecting the brain and those of internal nature. Examples include catalepsy, headache, epilepsy and nightmares, there also existed a demon of blindness, Shabriri who rested on uncovered water at night and blinded those who drank from it. Demons supposedly entered the body and caused the disease while overwhelming or seizing the victim, to cure such diseases, it was necessary to draw out the evil demons by certain incantations and talismanic performances, at which the Essenes excelled. In mythology, there were few defences against Babylonian demons, the mythical mace Sharur had the power to slay demons such as Asag, a legendary gallu or edimmu of hideous strength. As referring to the existence or non-existence of shedim there are converse opinions in Judaism, there are practically nil roles assigned to demons in the Jewish Bible. In conclusion, Jews are not obligated to believe in the existence of shedim, the word shedim appears only in two places in the Tanakh

Demon
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Lilith, by John Collier, 1892
Demon
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Buer, the 10th spirit, who teaches "Moral and Natural Philosophy" (from a 1995 Mathers edition. Illustration by Louis Breton from Dictionnaire Infernal).
Demon
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The classic Japanese demon, an ogre-like creature which often has horns.
Demon
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Human-headed winged bull, otherwise known as a Lamassu

6.
Human
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Modern humans are the only extant members of Hominina tribe, a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes. Several of these hominins used fire, occupied much of Eurasia and they began to exhibit evidence of behavioral modernity around 50,000 years ago. In several waves of migration, anatomically modern humans ventured out of Africa, the spread of humans and their large and increasing population has had a profound impact on large areas of the environment and millions of native species worldwide. Humans are uniquely adept at utilizing systems of communication for self-expression and the exchange of ideas. Humans create complex structures composed of many cooperating and competing groups, from families. Social interactions between humans have established a wide variety of values, social norms, and rituals. These human societies subsequently expanded in size, establishing various forms of government, religion, today the global human population is estimated by the United Nations to be near 7.5 billion. In common usage, the word generally refers to the only extant species of the genus Homo—anatomically and behaviorally modern Homo sapiens. In scientific terms, the meanings of hominid and hominin have changed during the recent decades with advances in the discovery, there is also a distinction between anatomically modern humans and Archaic Homo sapiens, the earliest fossil members of the species. The English adjective human is a Middle English loanword from Old French humain, ultimately from Latin hūmānus, the words use as a noun dates to the 16th century. The native English term man can refer to the species generally, the species binomial Homo sapiens was coined by Carl Linnaeus in his 18th century work Systema Naturae. The generic name Homo is a learned 18th century derivation from Latin homō man, the species-name sapiens means wise or sapient. Note that the Latin word homo refers to humans of either gender, the genus Homo evolved and diverged from other hominins in Africa, after the human clade split from the chimpanzee lineage of the hominids branch of the primates. The closest living relatives of humans are chimpanzees and gorillas, with the sequencing of both the human and chimpanzee genome, current estimates of similarity between human and chimpanzee DNA sequences range between 95% and 99%. The gibbons and orangutans were the first groups to split from the leading to the humans. The splitting date between human and chimpanzee lineages is placed around 4–8 million years ago during the late Miocene epoch, during this split, chromosome 2 was formed from two other chromosomes, leaving humans with only 23 pairs of chromosomes, compared to 24 for the other apes. There is little evidence for the divergence of the gorilla, chimpanzee. Each of these species has been argued to be an ancestor of later hominins

7.
Teen Titans
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The Teen Titans, also known as the New Teen Titans and the Titans, are a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, often in an eponymous monthly series. As the groups name suggests, its members are teenage superheroes, Bob Haney, the creator and long-time writer of the Teen Titans series, considers the earlier issue to be the first appearance of the Teen Titans. The first Teen Titans series ran 43 bi-monthly issues, ending in early 1973, the group appeared sporadically in reprints via The Brave and the Bold and DC Super-Stars over the next three years, which revived interest in the group. New stories began when the title was renewed in late 1976. Ten issues later, the title was cancelled again during what become known as The DC Implosion. The four founding members were joined by Green Arrows sidekick, Speedy, Aquagirl, Bumblebee, the first Hawk and Dove, and three heroes who did not wear costumes, Mal Duncan, Lilith, and Gnarrk. Original members Robin, Wonder Girl and Kid Flash were joined by new characters Cyborg, Starfire and Raven, as well as the former Doom Patrol member Beast Boy, the group had several encounters with the original Titans of Greek mythology, particularly Hyperion. The series was re-titled Tales of the Teen Titans with issue #41, a second volume was launched in August 1984, by which time Robin had assumed the identity Nightwing and Kid Flash had been replaced by Jericho. Pérez left in 1985 to headline the DC Comics 50th Anniversary limited series Crisis on Infinite Earths, Tales of the Teen Titans was canceled in July 1988 after #91. The New Teen Titans Volume 2 was retitled The New Titans in December 1988 and was canceled in February 1996 after 130 issues. The series was relaunched as Teen Titans in October 1996, with all-new members under Atom and this series ended in September 1998 after 24 issues. By 2006, the team included only the members and some new additions. A concurrent series titled Titans debuted in April 2008 featuring some of the original and 1980s members, such as Nightwing, Troia, Flash, Tempest, Arsenal, Starfire, Cyborg, Beast Boy and Raven. This was originally depicted as the first incarnation of the Titans, until the 2016 Titans Hunt and DC Rebirth storylines re-established the groups founding members. A Teen Titans animated television series ran on Cartoon Network in the based on the 1980s team. The series spawned two book titles, Teen Titans Go. and Tiny Titans. The series returned as a series of mini-shorts on the DC Nation block on Cartoon Network, there was also a spinoff of the series named Teen Titans Go. based on the comics. Robin, Kid Flash and Aqualad teamed up to defeat a villain known as Mister Twister in The Brave

8.
Justice League
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The Justice League, also known as the Justice League of America, is a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The Justice League was conceived by writer Gardner Fox, and first appeared in The Brave, the team is an assemblage of superheroes who join together as the Justice League. The seven original members were Batman, Aquaman, the Flash, Green Lantern, Martian Manhunter, Superman, and Wonder Woman. The team roster has rotated throughout the years, consisting of many superheroes from the DC Universe like Atom, Black Canary, Shazam, Green Arrow, Hawkman, Cyborg, the Justice League received its own comic book title called Justice League of America in November 1960. With the 2011 relaunch of its titles, DC Comics released a volume of Justice League. In July 2016, the DC Rebirth initiative relaunched the Justice League comic book titles with the volume of Justice League. Since its inception, the team has featured in various television programs. Various comic book featuring the Justice League have remained generally popular with fans since inception and, in most incarnations. A live-action film was also in the works around 2008 before being shelved, on June 6,2012, Warner Bros. announced a new live action Justice League film was in development with Will Beall hired as screenwriter. However, the project was scrapped again, after the success of the Superman reboot Man of Steel, a film titled Batman v Superman, Dawn of Justice was released in March 2016, directed by Zack Snyder. Batman v Superman script writer Chris Terrio has also penned the script for Justice League, in a story told in flashback in Justice League of America #9, the Appelaxians infiltrated Earth. Competing alien warriors were sent to see who could conquer Earth first, the aliens attacks drew the attentions of Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, Flash, Green Lantern, Aquaman, and Martian Manhunter. While the superheroes individually defeated most of the invaders, the heroes fell prey to a single competitors attack, for many years, the heroes heralded this adventure as the event that prompted them to agree to pool resources when confronted with similar menaces. When the group formalized their agreement, they suppressed news of it because of anti-Martian hysteria, while most subsequent accounts of the League have made little mention of this first adventure, the animated Justice League series adapted this tale as the origin of the Justice League as well. Secret Origins #32 updated Justice League of America #9s origin for post-Crisis continuity, differences included the inclusion of the Silver Age Black Canary as a founding member and the absence of Batman, Wonder Woman and Superman. The JLA, Year One limited series, by Mark Waid, Brian Augustyn and Barry Kitson, in Justice League Task Force #16, during Zero Hour, a then unknown superhuman named Triumph appeared. Triumph was revealed to have been a member of the Justice League and was their leader. On his first mission with the Justice League, Triumph seemingly saved the world but was teleported into a limbo that also affected the timestream

9.
Justice League Dark
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The Justice League Dark, or JLD, is a fictional superhero team that appears in comic books published by DC Comics. First appearing in Justice League Dark #1, the Justice League Dark originally featured John Constantine, Madame Xanadu, Deadman, Shade, the Changing Man, the team consists of the more supernatural members of the DC Universe, handling situations deemed unfit for the traditional Justice League. Justice League Dark was announced on May 31,2011 as a First Wave title of The New 52, the title and team was created by Peter Milligan, with art by Mikel Janín. The title launched on September 28,2011, the initial anticipation for this title has been good, with critics celebrating the fact that DC are willing to bring back some of the darker elements which had moved over to Vertigo in the 1990s. The opening storyline involves Enchantress defeat of the Justice League, leading to the necessity of a more supernatural team to assist in these events, there is also a minor crossover story with I. Vampire. From issue nine, Sweet Tooth and Animal Man writer Jeff Lemire became the writer on the series. R. G. U. S. In August 2013, it was announced that J. M. DeMatteis would take over as writer from Lemire in November 2013. Early in the run, Peter Milligan stated that he was, ruling no-one out for future appearances, however, writer Jeff Lemire did not include either during the series, having added Black Orchid and Frankenstein, among others, to the team. All members joined in issue 1 unless otherwise noted, andrew Bennett – A centuries-old vampire from the title I, Vampire. Becomes a member of Justice League Dark as a favor to Constantine and is forcibly induced permanently by him, left the team in issue 14, rejoined in issue 35. Black Orchid – A new shapeshifting version of Black Orchid, revealed to be Alba Garcia, an A. R. G. U. S. Agent who worked under Col. Steve Trevor and she was captured as part of Project Thaumaton for the Crime Syndicate. Left the team in issue 30, doctor Mist – The A. R. G. U. S supernatural expert and consultant, he is tasked alongside Black Orchid to keep watch on Constantine. He is later revealed to be a spy working for Felix Faust and he tries to redeem himself by opening a portal to another dimension to save Tim Hunter and Zatanna. Joined in issue #9 and left the team after it was revealed he was working for Faust in issue 11, Frankenstein – An erudite creature created by Viktor Frankenstein, Frankenstein first assists the team in the Justice League Dark Annual #1. He chooses to stay with the team in issue 14, out of a sense of responsibility towards Zatanna and he was captured as part of Project Thaumaton for the Crime Syndicate. Left the team in issue 30, John Constantine – A working class Liverpudlian magician. Originally from Swamp Thing and protagonist of long running Vertigo title Hellblazer, became the leader of the group in issue 9

10.
Telepathy
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Telepathy is the purported transmission of information from one person to another without using any of our known sensory channels or physical interaction. Telepathy experiments have historically been criticized for lack of proper controls, there is no convincing evidence that telepathy exists, and the topic is generally considered by the scientific community to be pseudoscience. Telepathy is a theme in modern fiction and science fiction, with many extraterrestrials, superheroes. As the physical sciences made significant advances, scientific concepts were applied to mental phenomena, the modern concept of telepathy emerged in this context. The skeptic Eric Dingwall criticized SPR founding members Frederic W. H. Myers, in the late 19th century the magician Washington Irving Bishop would perform thought reading demonstrations. Bishop claimed no supernatural powers and ascribed his powers to muscular sensitivity, Bishop was investigated by a group of scientists including the editor of the British Medical Journal and the psychologist Francis Galton. Bishop performed several feats such as correctly identifying a selected spot on a table. During the experiment Bishop required physical contact with a subject who knew the correct answer and he would hold the hand or wrist of the helper. The scientists concluded that Bishop was not a telepath but using a highly trained skill to detect ideomotor movements. Another famous thought reader was the magician Stuart Cumberland, Cumberland claimed to possess no genuine psychic ability and his thought reading performances could only be demonstrated by holding the hand of his subject to read their muscular movements. He came into dispute with psychical researchers associated with the Society for Psychical Research who were searching for genuine cases of telepathy. Cumberland argued that telepathy and communication with the dead were impossible and that the mind of man can not be read through telepathy. In the late 19th century the Creery Sisters were tested by the Society for Psychical Research, however, during a later experiment they were caught utilizing signal codes and they confessed to fraud. G. A. Smith and myself have been accepted and cited as the evidence of the truth of thought transference. The psychologist Leonard T. Troland had carried out experiments in telepathy at Harvard University which were reported in 1917, the subjects produced below chance expectations. Arthur Conan Doyle and W. T, Stead were duped into believing Julius and Agnes Zancig had genuine psychic powers. Both Doyle and Stead wrote the Zancigs performed telepathy, the results revealed no evidence for telepathy. She attempted to duplicate 290 pictures which were drawn by her husband, Sinclair claimed Mary successfully duplicated 65 of them, with 155 partial successes and 70 failures

11.
Telekinesis
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Psychokinesis, or telekinesis, is an alleged psychic ability allowing a person to influence a physical system without physical interaction. Psychokinesis experiments have historically been criticized for lack of proper controls, there is no convincing evidence that psychokinesis is a real phenomenon, and the topic is generally regarded as pseudoscience. The word psychokinesis was coined in 1914 by American author Henry Holt in his book On the Cosmic Relations. The term is a blend or portmanteau of the Greek language words ψυχή – meaning mind, soul, spirit, or breath – and κίνησις – meaning motion. Rhine coined the term extra-sensory perception to describe receiving information paranormally from an external source, following this, he used the term psychokinesis in 1934 to describe mentally influencing external objects or events without the use of physical energy. His initial example of psychokinesis was experiments that were conducted to determine whether a person could influence the outcome of falling dice. The word telekinesis, a portmanteau of the Greek τῆλε – meaning distance –, in September 2006, a survey about belief in various religious and paranormal topics conducted by phone and mail-in questionnaire polled 1,721 Americans on their belief in telekinesis. Of these participants, 28% of male participants and 31% of female participants selected agree or strongly agree with the statement, It is possible to influence the world through the mind alone. Some phenomena – such as apports, levitation, materialization, psychic healing, pyrokinesis, retrocausality, telekinesis, in 2016, Caroline Watt stated Overall, the majority of academic parapsychologists do not find the evidence compelling in favour of macro-PK. There have been claimants of psychokinetic ability throughout history, angelique Cottin known as the Electric Girl of France was an alleged generator of PK activity. Cottin and her family claimed that she produced electric emanations that allowed her to pieces of furniture. Spiritualist mediums have also claimed psychokinetic abilities, eusapia Palladino, an Italian medium, could allegedly cause objects to move during séances. However, she was caught levitating a table with her foot by the magician Joseph Rinn, other alleged PK mediums that were exposed as frauds, include Anna Rasmussen and Maria Silbert. A photograph of her taken in 1909, which shows a pair of floating in between her hands, is often found in books and other publications as an example of telekinesis. Scientists suspected Tomczyk performed her feats by the use of a thread or hair. This was confirmed when psychical researchers who tested Tomczyk occasionally observed the thread, annemarie Schaberl, a 19-year-old secretary, was said to have telekinetic powers by the parapsychologist Hans Bender in the Rosenheim Poltergeist case in the 1960s. Magicians and scientists who investigated the case suspected the phenomena were produced by trickery, the Russian psychic Nina Kulagina came to wide public attention following the publication of Sheila Ostrander and Lynn Schroeders best seller, Psychic Discoveries Behind The Iron Curtain. The alleged Soviet psychic of the late 1960s and early 1970s was filmed apparently performing telekinesis while seated in numerous short films

12.
Hypnosis
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Hypnosis is a state of human consciousness involving focused attention and reduced peripheral awareness and an enhanced capacity to respond to suggestion. The term may refer to an art, skill, or act of inducing hypnosis. Theories explaining what occurs during hypnosis fall into two groups, altered state theories see hypnosis as an altered state of mind or trance, marked by a level of awareness different from the ordinary conscious state. In contrast, nonstate theories see hypnosis as a form of imaginative role enactment, during hypnosis, a person is said to have heightened focus and concentration. The person can concentrate intensely on a thought or memory. Hypnotised subjects are said to show a response to suggestions. Hypnosis is usually induced by a known as a hypnotic induction involving a series of preliminary instructions. The use of hypnotism for therapeutic purposes is referred to as hypnotherapy, stage hypnosis is often performed by mentalists practicing the art form of mentalism. The term hypnosis comes from the ancient Greek word ὕπνος hypnos, sleep, and the suffix -ωσις -osis, or from ὑπνόω hypnoō, put to sleep and the suffix -is. The words hypnosis and hypnotism both derive from the term neuro-hypnotism, all of which were coined by Étienne Félix dHenin de Cuvillers in 1820 and these words were popularized in English by the Scottish surgeon James Braid around 1841. Braid based his practice on that developed by Franz Mesmer and his followers, a person in a state of hypnosis is relaxed, has focused attention, and has increased suggestibility. It could be said that suggestion is explicitly intended to make use of the placebo effect. For example, in 1994, Irving Kirsch characterised hypnosis as a placebo, i. e. a method that openly makes use of suggestion. Have defined hypnosis in terms of dissociation, Social psychologists Sarbin and Coe. have described hypnosis in terms of role theory. Hypnosis is a role that play, they act as if they were hypnotised. Defined hypnosis in terms of behavioural parameters, such as task motivation. Conceptualised hypnosis as a state of enhanced suggestibility and he has defined hypnotism as a form of influence by one person exerted on another through the medium or agency of suggestion. Described hypnosis by using the concept of regression in the service of the ego

13.
Chaos magic
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Chaos magic, also spelled chaos magick, is a contemporary magical practice which emphasizes the pragmatic use of belief systems and the creation of new and unorthodox methods. Chaotes can be agnostic or atheist and sometimes regard magical practice as merely psychological, some chaos magicians also use psychedelic drugs in practices such as chemognosticism. Chaos magic was first formulated in West Yorkshire, England in the 1970s, a meeting between Peter J. Liber Null by Peter J. Carroll further developed this new, experimental perspective on magic. This book and Carrolls Psychonaut remain important sources, specifically, Spare developed the use of sigils and the use of gnosis to empower these. Although Spare died before chaos magick emerged, many consider him to be the father of magic because of his repudiation of traditional magical systems in favor of a technique based on gnosis. Following Spares death, magicians continued to experiment outside of traditional magical orders, the first edition of Liber Null does not include the term chaos magic, but only refers to magic or the magical art in general. Psychonaut uses the label individual sorcery as taught by the IOT, Chaos came to be part of this movement defined as the thing responsible for the origin and continued action of events. It could as well be called God or Tao, but the name Chaos is virtually meaningless, the Symbol of Chaos used to signify it was apparently, but not explicitly, lifted from the fantasy novels of Michael Moorcock. Carroll wrote that the aspect of this magic aims for psychological anarchy The aim is to produce inspiration. Chaos magic theory says that belief is a magical force. It emphasizes flexibility of belief and the ability to choose ones beliefs. Various psychological techniques are employed in order to induce flexibility of belief, other chaos magicians suggest that people do not need belief to work magic. Austin Osman Spare asserts in The Book of Pleasure and various works that will formulates desire which promulgates belief. A concept introduced by Peter Carroll is the state, also referred to as gnosis. This is defined as a state of consciousness that in his magic theory is necessary for working most forms of magic. This is a departure from older concepts which described energies, spirits or symbolic acts as the source of magical powers, the concept has an ancestor in the Buddhist concept of Samadhi, made popular in western occultism by Aleister Crowley and further explored by Austin Osman Spare. The gnostic state is achieved when a mind is focused on only one point, thought, or goal. Practitioners of chaos magic each develop their own ways of reaching this state, three main types of gnosis are described, Inhibitory gnosis is a form of deep meditation into a trance state of mind

14.
Flight
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Flight is the process by which an object moves, through an atmosphere or beyond it, as in the case of spaceflight. This can be achieved by generating lift, propulsive thrust, aerostatically using buoyancy. Many things fly, from natural aviators such as birds, bats and insects to human inventions such as missiles, aircraft such as airplanes, helicopters and balloons, to rockets such as spacecraft. Humans have managed to construct lighter than air vehicles that raise off the ground and fly, an aerostat is a system that remains aloft primarily through the use of buoyancy to give an aircraft the same overall density as air. Aerostats include free balloons, airships, and moored balloons, an aerostats main structural component is its envelope, a lightweight skin that encloses a volume of lifting gas to provide buoyancy, to which other components are attached. Aerostats are so named because they use aerostatic lift, a buoyant force that does not require movement through the surrounding air mass to effect a lifting force. By contrast, aerodynes primarily use aerodynamic lift, which requires the movement of at least some part of the aircraft through the surrounding air mass. Some things that fly do not generate propulsive thrust through the air, for example, some other things can exploit rising air to climb such as raptors and man-made sailplane gliders. However most other birds and all powered aircraft need a source of propulsion to climb, the only groups of living things that use powered flight are birds, insects, and bats, while many groups have evolved gliding. The extinct Pterosaurs, an order of reptiles contemporaneous with the dinosaurs, were very successful flying animals. Each of these groups wings evolved independently, bats are the only mammals capable of sustaining level flight. Flying frogs use greatly enlarged webbed feet for a similar purpose, flying snakes also use mobile ribs to flatten their body into an aerodynamic shape, with a back and forth motion much the same as they use on the ground. Flying fish can glide using enlarged wing-like fins, and have been observed soaring for hundreds of meters and it is thought that this ability was chosen by natural selection because it was an effective means of escape from underwater predators. The longest recorded flight of a fish was 45 seconds. Most birds fly, with some exceptions, the largest birds, the ostrich and the emu, are earthbound, as were the now-extinct dodos and the Phorusrhacids, which were the dominant predators of South America in the Cenozoic era. The non-flying penguins have wings adapted for use under water and use the same wing movements for swimming that most other birds use for flight, most small flightless birds are native to small islands, and lead a lifestyle where flight would offer little advantage. Among living animals that fly, the wandering albatross has the greatest wingspan, up to 3.5 meters, most species of insects can fly as adults. Insect flight makes use of either of two basic models, creating a leading edge vortex, found in most insects, and using clap and fling

15.
Superheroine
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A female superhero is sometimes called a superheroine. Fiction centered on characters, especially in American comic books since the 1930s, is known as superhero fiction. By most definitions, characters do not require actual supernatural or superhuman powers or phenomena to be deemed superheroes, some superheroes use their powers to counter daily crime while also combating threats against humanity from supervillains, who are their criminal counterparts. Often at least one of these supervillains will be the superheros archenemy, some long-running superheroes such as Iron Man, Captain America, Superman, Wonder Woman, Batman, and Spider-Man have a rogues gallery of many villains. The word superhero dates to at least 1917, antecedents of the archetype include such folkloric heroes as Robin Hood, who adventured in distinctive clothing. The 1903 play The Scarlet Pimpernel and its spinoffs popularized the idea of a masked avenger, during the 1940s there were many superheroes, and only a few of these were female. The Flash, Green Lantern and Blue Beetle debuted in this era, most of the other female costumed crime-fighters during this era lacked superpowers. The most iconic comic book superheroine, who debuted during the Golden Age, is Wonder Woman, inspired by the Amazons of Greek mythology, she was created by psychologist William Moulton Marston, with help and inspiration from his wife Elizabeth and their mutual lover Olive Byrne. Wonder Womans first appearance was in All Star Comics #8, published by All-American Publications, in 1952, Osamu Tezukas manga Tetsuwan Atom was published. The series focused upon a robot boy built by a scientist to replace his deceased son, the 1950s saw the Silver Age of Comics. During this era DC introduced the likes of Batwoman in 1956, Supergirl, Miss Arrowette,1958 saw the debut of superhero Moonlight Mask on Japanese television. In 1963, Astro Boy was adapted into a highly influential anime television series, Phantom Agents in 1964 focused on ninjas working for the Japanese government and would be the foundation for Sentai-type series. Another important event was the debut of Mazinger Z by Go Nagai, Go Nagai also wrote the manga Cutey Honey in 1973, although the Magical Girl genre already existed, Nagais manga introduced Transformation sequences that would become a staple of Magical Girl media. The dark Skull Man manga would later get a television adaptation, the protagonist was redesigned resemble a grasshopper, becoming the renowned first masked hero of the Kamen Rider series. Kamen Rider is a motorcycle riding hero in an insect-like costume, both major publishers began introducing new superheroines with a more distinct feminist theme as part of their origin stories or character development. Examples include Big Barda, Power Girl, and the Huntress by DC comics, and from Marvel, the second Black Widow, Shanna the She-Devil, and The Cat. In 1975 Shotaro Ishinomoris Himitsu Sentai Gorenger debuted on what is now TV Asahi, it brought the concepts of multi-colored teams, in 1978, Toei adapted Spider-Man into a live-action series. In subsequent decades, popular characters like Dazzler, She-Hulk, Elektra, Catwoman, Witchblade, Spider-Girl, Batgirl, volume 4 of the X-Men comic book series featured an all-female team as part of the Marvel NOW. branding initiative in 2013

16.
Comic book
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A comic book or comicbook, also called comic magazine or simply comic, is a publication that consists of comic art in the form of sequential juxtaposed panels that represent individual scenes. Panels are often accompanied by brief descriptive prose and written narrative, although comics has some origins in 18th century Japan and 1830s Europe, comic books were first popularized in the United States during the 1930s. Comic books are reliant on their organization and appearance, authors largely focus on the frame of the page, size, orientation, and panel positions. These characteristic aspects of books are necessary in conveying the content. The key elements of comic books include panels, balloons, text, balloons are usually convex spatial containers of information that are related to a character using a tail element. The tail has an origin, path, tip, and pointed direction, there are many technological formulas used to create comic books, including directions, axes, data, and metrics. Following these key formatting procedures is the writing, drawing, Comics as a print medium have existed in America since the printing of The Adventures of Mr. Obadiah Oldbuck in 1842 in hardcover, making it the first known American prototype comic book. The introduction of Jerry Siegel and Joe Shusters Superman in 1938 turned comic books into a major industry, the Golden Age originated the archetype of the superhero. Historians generally divide the timeline of the American comic book into eras, the Golden Age of Comic Books began with the introduction of Superman in 1938, spurring a period of high sales. The Silver Age of comic books is considered to date from the first successful revival of the then-dormant superhero form. The demarcation between the Silver Age and the era, the Bronze Age of Comic Books, is less well-defined. The Modern Age of Comic Books runs from the mid-1980s to the present day, in response to attention from the government and from the media, the U. S. comic book industry set up the Comics Magazine Association of America. The CMAA instilled the Comics Code Authority in 1954 and drafted the self-censorship Comics Code that year and it was not until the 1970s that comic books could be published without passing through the inspection of the CMAA. In the early 1970s, a surge of creativity emerged in what known as underground comix. Published and distributed independently of the comics industry, most of such comics reflected the youth counterculture. Underground comics were almost never sold at newsstands, but rather in such youth-oriented outlets as head shops and record stores, frank Stacks The Adventures of Jesus, published under the name Foolbert Sturgeon, has been credited as the first underground comic. The rise of comic book specialty stores in the late 1970s created/paralleled a dedicated market for independent or alternative comics in the U. S, some independent comics continued in the tradition of underground comics. A few represented experimental attempts to bring closer to the status of fine art

17.
DC Comics insert previews
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DC Comics insert previews were 16-page comic book stories inserted into issues of existing DC Comics series to promote new series usually debuting the next month. Running from 1980 to 1985, they consisted of a front cover,14 pages of story, the addition of the insert did not entail an increase in the price of the comic book, and the cover copy called the insert a special free 16-page comic. The insert previews began with The New Teen Titans in DC Comics Presents #26 and this reboot of an existing property by writer Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez introduced several new characters and would become a sales success for DC. Wolfman would additionally write previews for a reboot of the Dial H for Hero feature and for Night Force a supernatural series drawn by Gene Colan, his former collaborator on The Tomb of Dracula. DC highlighted the work of Roy Thomas, newly arrived at the company from Marvel Comics, a combination of the funny animal and superhero genres. New talent such as the team of Dan Mishkin and Gary Cohn was represented in the previews with Amethyst, Princess of Gemworld. Licensed properties were featured as well, a Masters of the Universe preview featured in several comic books cover dated November 1982 led to a miniseries the following month. The Atari Force preview in January 1983 served as a prequel to the series launched a year later. Mask was a series and a Kenner Products toyline adapted into comic books in a September 1985 preview which led to a miniseries the following December. Archived from the original on October 9,2011

18.
Trigon (comics)
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Trigon is a demon, a comic book character published by DC Comics. He is one of the most powerful beings in the DC Universe, Trigon first appeared in New Teen Titans #2 and was created by Marv Wolfman and George Pérez. A sadistic, cruel, and powerful demon of inter-dimensional origin, a side effect of this pairing is that their child was filled with the cast-off evil energies of the inhabitants of Azarath, forming him into their personification. At birth, Trigon killed everyone around him, at the age of one, he ruled an entire planet. At the age of six, he destroyed an entire planet, and by the age of thirty, he held dominion over millions of worlds in his dimension. Arella was a woman who decided to join a cult known as the Church of Blood that was trying to kill Trigon. When the ritual was performed, Trigon, disguised as a handsome male, soon impregnated by Trigon, Arella discovered Trigons true nature. When Trigon leaves Arella, Arella is on the brink of suicide when she is found by a cult and is brought to Azarath. Raven is brought up to control her emotions in order to suppress, in desperation, she reformed the Teen Titans with several new members in order to fight her father. The team was able to defeat Trigon and seal him in an interdimensional prison. However, Raven still had to fight her fathers influence, as he was not completely destroyed, Trigon eventually escaped and came to Earth, taking control of Raven and destroying Azarath in the process. Although Trigon is gone, his followers have tried to revive him several times, Raven notices that Trigon has returned and is responsible for the recent attacks on past and present members of the Teen Titans. Three of Trigons sons, Jacob, Jared and Jesse, play a significant role in his return to life, the brothers have the ability to induce the seven deadly sins in any living being, they can induce wrath, lust and envy. They attempt to open the portal to Trigons realm, but they betray Trigon and steal what little power he had, the trio leave, thinking they have gained great power, and Trigon is left trapped in his realm. However, the three return, corrupting their half-sister, making her their ally. Eventually, they are defeated by Raven and the Titans, Trigon makes his post-Flashpoint debut in issue one of the Phantom Stranger, as a part of the Third Wave of The New 52. In this incarnation, Trigon has a set of eyes. In The New 52 it has revealed that Trigon has at least four children

19.
Empathy
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Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within the other persons frame of reference, i. e. the capacity to place oneself in anothers position. Empathy is seeing with the eyes of another, listening with the ears of another, there are many definitions for empathy which encompass a broad range of emotional states. Types of empathy include cognitive empathy, emotional empathy, and somatic empathy, the English word empathy is derived from the Ancient Greek word εμπάθεια. This, in turn, comes from εν and πάθος, the term was adapted by Hermann Lotze and Robert Vischer to create the German word Einfühlung, which was translated by Edward B. Titchener into the English term empathy, alexithymia is a word used to describe a deficiency in understanding, processing or describing emotions in oneself as opposed to in others. This term comes from the negation of two Ancient Greek words, αλέξω and θυμός, thus alexithymia literally means pushing away your emotions. It also is the ability to feel and share another persons emotions, some believe that empathy involves the ability to match anothers emotions, while others believe that empathy involves being tenderhearted toward another person. Having empathy also can include having the understanding that there are factors that go into decision making. Past experiences have an influence on the making of today. Understanding this allows a person to have empathy for individuals who sometimes make decisions to a problem that most individuals would respond with an obvious response. Broken homes, childhood trauma, lack of parenting and many factors can influence the connections the brain which a person uses to make decisions in the future. Martin Hoffman is a Psychologist who studied the development of empathy, according to Hoffman everyone is born with the capability of feeling empathy. Compassion and sympathy are two terms that many associate with empathy, but all three of these terms are unique, even so, definitions vary, contributing to the challenge of defining empathy. Compassion is often defined as an emotion we feel when others are in need, Sympathy is a feeling of care and understanding for someone in need. It can also be understood as having the separateness of defining oneself, some include in sympathy also an empathic concern, a feeling of concern for another, in which some scholars include the wish to see them better off or happier. Empathy is distinct also from pity and emotional contagion, pity is feeling that another is in trouble and in need of help as they cannot fix their problems themselves, often described as feeling sorry for someone. Emotional contagion is when a person catches the emotions that others are showing without necessarily recognizing this is happening. Since empathy involves understanding the emotional states of people, the way it is characterized is derived from the way emotions themselves are characterized

Empathy
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When children are shown videoclips with situations where they see people suffering pain by coincidence, neural circuits related to pain are being activated in their brain.

20.
Astral body
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A subtle body is one of a series of psycho-spiritual constituents of living beings, according to various esoteric, occult, and mystical teachings. According to such beliefs each subtle body corresponds to a plane of existence. According to Bhagavad Gita, one of the most sacred texts of Hinduism, the body is composed of mind, intelligence and ego. The expression subtile body appears suddenly in English literature in about 1650, at that time, the more common term subtle body comes into use. The latter expression gradually gains in currency through the nineteenth century, further research is needed to clarify the actual authors who used the phrase, and what they meant by it. But the word may have a connection with the Sanskrit Sūkṣma Śarīra which is described in the Vedas and these invisible channels and points are understood to determine the characteristics of the visible physical form. By understanding and mastering the subtlest levels of reality one gains mastery over the physical realm, see also, Vedanta Samkhya Tantra Kundalini The subtle body in Vedantic philosophy is composed of three Koshas or sheaths. The subtle body is the vehicle of consciousness with which one passes from life to life, the Liṅga Śarīra is the vehicle of consciousness in later Samkhya, Vedanta, and Yoga, and is propelled by past-life tendencies, or bhavas. Linga can be translated as characteristic mark or impermanence and the term Sarira as form or mold, karana or instrument is a synonymous term. In the Classical Samkhya system of Isvarakrsna, the Lińga is the mark of the transmigrating entity. The idea was adopted by Vedanta and Yoga philosophy, and from there, in the 19th century, at this stage the soul completely transcends the phenomenal world and becomes Self-conscious and Self-realised. H. P. Blavatskys Theosophical teaching represented the convergence of 19th century Western occultism, Eastern philosophy, religion, science, the Secret Doctrine, and The Key to Theosophy combined the Vedantic concept of five koshas with Western esoteric traditions. She refers to three bodies, Linga Sharira - the Double or Astral body Mayavi-rupa - the Illusion-body. Causal Body - the vehicle of the higher Mind, the linga sarira can be separated or projected a limited distance from the body. When separated from the body it can be wounded by sharp objects, when it returns to the physical frame, the wound will be reflected in the physical counterpart, a phenomenon called repercussion. At death, it is discarded together with the physical body, Theosophy was further systematized in the writings of C. W. Leadbeater and Annie Besant. For example, they divided Blavatskys dual mayavi-rupa into two different bodies, the emotional and the mental bodies, the Linga Sarira was denominated by Annie Besant as Etheric double. C. W. Leadbeater, regarding the body as the seat of the kamic principle of Blavatskys constitution

Astral body
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The subtle body in Indian mysticism, from a Yoga manuscript in Braj Bhasa language, 1899, now in the British Library.
Astral body
Astral body
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Chart showing the circulation of Qi energy, Ming Dynasty
Astral body
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The Vehicles of the Soul according to the Theosophist Curuppumullage Jinarajadasa.

21.
Pseudonym
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A pseudonym or alias is a name that a person or group assumes for a particular purpose, which can differ from their original or true name. Historically, they have taken the form of anagrams, Graecisms. Pseudonyms should not be confused with new names that replace old ones, actors, musicians, and other performers sometimes use stage names, for example, to mask their ethnic backgrounds. A collective name or collective pseudonym is one shared by two or more persons, for example the co-authors of a work, such as Ellery Queen, the term is derived from the Greek ψευδώνυμον, literally false name, from ψεῦδος, lie, falsehood and ὄνομα, name. A pseudonym is distinct from an allonym, which is the name of another person and this may occur when someone is ghostwriting a book or play, or in parody, or when using a front name, such as by screenwriters blacklisted in Hollywood in the 1950s and 1960s. See also pseudepigraph, for falsely attributed authorship, sometimes people change their name in such a manner that the new name becomes permanent and is used by all who know the person. This is not an alias or pseudonym, but in fact a new name, in many countries, including common law countries, a name change can be ratified by a court and become a persons new legal name. He then changed his name again to Malik El-Shabazz when he converted to Islam, likewise some Jews adopted Hebrew family names upon immigrating to Israel, dropping surnames that had been in their families for generations. The politician David Ben-Gurion, for example, was born David Grün in Poland and he adopted his Hebrew name in 1910, when he published his first article in a Zionist journal in Jerusalem. Criminals may use aliases, fictitious business names, and dummy corporations to hide their identity, a pen name, or nom de plume, is a pseudonym adopted by an author. Some female authors used male pen names, in particular in the 19th century, the Brontë family used pen names for their early work, so as not to reveal their gender and so that local residents would not know that the books related to people of the neighbourhood. The Brontës used their neighbours as inspiration for characters in many of their books, anne Brontë published The Tenant of Wildfell Hall under the name Acton Bell. Charlotte Brontë published Shirley and Jane Eyre under the name Currer Bell, emily Brontë published Wuthering Heights as Ellis Bell. A well-known example of the former is Mary Ann Evans, who wrote as George Eliot, Another example is Amandine Aurore Lucile Dupin, a 19th-century French writer who used the pen name George Sand. In contrast, some twentieth and twenty first century male romance novelists have used pen names. A few examples of male authors using female pseudonyms include Brindle Chase, Peter ODonnell and Christopher Wood. A pen name may be used if a real name is likely to be confused with the name of another writer or notable individual. Authors who write both fiction and non-fiction, or in different genres, may use different pen names to avoid confusing their readers, in some cases, an author may become better known by his pen name than his real name

22.
Gotham City
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Gotham City or Gotham is a fictional city appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, best known as the home of Batman. Batmans place of residence was first identified as Gotham City in Batman #4, the city is depicted as being within close proximity to Metropolis, and the vast majority of DC Comics references place Gotham City specifically in New Jersey. Cities such as New York City and Chicago have also influenced the look, within the DC Extended Universe, the 2016 film Suicide Squad reveals Gotham City to be located in New Jersey. Writer Bill Finger, on the naming of the city and the reason for changing Batmans locale from New York City to a city, said. Then I tried Capital City, then Coast City, then I flipped through the New York City phone book and spotted the name Gotham Jewelers and said, Thats it, Gotham City. We didnt call it New York because we wanted anybody in any city to identify with it, irving took the name from the village of Gotham, Nottinghamshire, England, a place inhabited, according to folklore, by fools. The villages name derives from Old English gāt goat and hām home, literally homestead where goats are kept, the Joker references this etymology in Detective Comics #880, in which he tells Batman that the word means a safe place for goats. In contrast, Gotham as used for New York has a different pronunciation by analogy to other words spelled with th and is pronounced as /ˈɡɒθəm/ GOTH-əm, like the word Goth. In Amazing World of DC Comics #14, publisher Mark Gruenwald discusses the history of the Justice League, Worlds Finest Comics #259 also confirms that Gotham is in New Jersey. In the World’s Greatest Super Heroes comic strip, a map is shown placing Gotham City in New Jersey, New Adventures of Superboy #22 and the 1990 Atlas of the DC Universe both show maps of Gotham City in New Jersey and Metropolis in Delaware. Detective Comics #503 includes several references suggesting Gotham City is in New Jersey, a location on the Jersey Shore is described as twenty miles north of Gotham, and Robin and Batgirl drive from a secret New Jersey airfield to Gotham City and then drive on the Hudson County Highway. Hudson County is the name of a county in New Jersey. Batman, Shadow of the Bat, Annual #1 further establishes that Gotham City is in New Jersey, sal E. Jordans drivers license in the comic reveals his address is 72 Faxcol Dr Gotham City, NJ12345. Gotham City is the home of Batman, just as Metropolis is the home of Superman, given the close proximity of the two cities, Batman and Superman often work together and frequent each others cities. Gotham City is usually depicted to be within driving distance of Metropolis, the Atlas of the DC Universe from the 1990s places Metropolis in Delaware and Gotham City in New Jersey. During the Bronze Age of Comic Books, the Metro-Narrows Bridge was depicted as the route connecting the twin cities of Metropolis. It has been described as being the longest suspension bridge in the world, a map appeared in The New Adventures of Superboy #22, that showed Smallville within driving distance of both Metropolis and Gotham City. However, the location of the two cities has varied

Gotham City
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Gotham City
Gotham City
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The English village of Gotham, Nottinghamshire where the name originates. From 2010 to 2014, the Gotham sign had been stolen three times by Batman enthusiasts.
Gotham City
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Art deco and art nouveau buildings, such as the Helsinki Central Railway Station have served as an inspiration for some depictions of Gotham.
Gotham City
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Gotham City map (1999). Cartography by Eliot R. Brown, designed to reflect the geography of Gotham City post-"No Man's Land" and Gotham City Secret Files and Origins

23.
Pacifism
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Pacifism is opposition to war, militarism, or violence. The word pacifism was coined by the French peace campaigner Émile Arnaud, a related term is ahimsa, which is a core philosophy in Buddhism, Jainism, and Hinduism. While modern connotations are recent, having been explicated since the 19th century, in Christianity, Jesus Christs injunction to love your enemies and asking for forgiveness for his crucifiers for they know not what they do have been interpreted as calling for pacifism. In modern times, interest was revived by Leo Tolstoy in his late works, Mohandas Gandhi propounded the practice of steadfast nonviolent opposition which he called satyagraha, instrumental in its role in the Indian Independence Movement. Its effectiveness served as inspiration to Martin Luther King Jr. James Lawson, James Bevel, Thich Nhat Hanh and many others in the Civil Rights Movement. Pacifism was widely associated with the much publicized image of Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989 with the Tank Man, historians of pacifism Peter Brock and Thomas Paul Socknat define pacifism in the sense generally accepted in English-speaking areas as an unconditional rejection of all forms of warfare. Philosopher Jenny Teichman defines the form of pacifism as anti-warism. Teichmans beliefs have been summarized by Brian Orend as, a pacifist rejects war and believes there are no moral grounds which can justify resorting to war. War, for the pacifist, is always wrong, in a sense the philosophy is based on the idea that the ends do not justify the means. Pacifism may be based on moral principles or pragmatism, principled pacifism holds that at some point along the spectrum from war to interpersonal physical violence, such violence becomes morally wrong. Pragmatic pacifism holds that the costs of war and interpersonal violence are so substantial that better ways of resolving disputes must be found, some pacifists follow principles of nonviolence, believing that nonviolent action is morally superior and/or most effective. Some however, support physical violence for emergency defence of self or others, by no means is all nonviolent resistance based on a fundamental rejection of all violence in all circumstances. Many leaders and participants in such movements, while recognizing the importance of using non-violent methods in particular circumstances, have not been absolute pacifists, sometimes, as with the civil rights movements march from Selma to Montgomery in 1965, they have called for armed protection. The interconnections between civil resistance and factors of force are numerous and complex, the principle is described as difficult to abide by consistently, due to violence not being available as a tool to aid a person who is being harmed or killed. It is further claimed that such a pacifist could logically argue that violence leads to undesirable results than non-violence. Although all pacifists are opposed to war between states, there have been occasions where pacifists have supported military conflict in the case of civil war or revolution. Following the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, French pacifist René Gérin urged support for the Spanish Republic, Gérin argued that the Spanish Nationalists were comparable to an individual enemy and the Republics war effort was equivalent to the action of a domestic police force suppressing crime. Advocacy of pacifism can be found far back in history and literature, during the Warring States period, the pacifist Mohist School opposed aggressive war between the feudal states

Pacifism
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Anti-war activist arrested in San Francisco during the March 2003 protests against the war in Iraq
Pacifism
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A peace sign, which is widely associated with pacifism
Pacifism
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Vereshchagin 's painting Apotheosis of War (1871) came to be admired as one of the earliest artistic expressions of pacifism
Pacifism
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Moriori tree carving found in the Chatham Islands.

24.
Zatanna
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Zatanna Zatara is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published DC Comics. The character was created by Julius Schwartz, Gardner Fox and Murphy Anderson, Zatanna is both a stage magician and an actual magician, like her father Giovanni John Zatara. As such she has many of her fathers powers relating to magic, Zatanna is the daughter of magician Giovanni Zatara who appeared in Golden Age comic books and Sindella, a member of the mystical Homo magi race. Her younger cousin, the teenager Zachary Zatara, is also a magician in the DCU, Zatanna makes her living as a stage illusionist prior to discovering her magical abilities while investigating the disappearance of her father. Her original costume is based upon her fathers costume but substituting fishnet stockings, the series culminated in Justice League of America #51. This Justice League adventure took place during the Batman television craze where Batman was featured prominently on the cover and she briefly was featured in backup features in Adventure Comics and Supergirl from 1971 to 1973. Zatanna assists the Justice League of America on a few missions before being elected to membership in Justice League of America #161, soon after Zatanna joined the group, the identity of her mother was revealed in a multi-issue storyline. Zatanna teamed with Superman in DC Comics Presents and with Batman in The Brave, a ten-page short story in DC Special Blue Ribbon Digest #5 revealed new details about Zataras origin and how Zatannas quest to locate her father began. During her tenure with the Justice League, her power level diminishes, so that she can control the four elements of earth, air, fire. She starred in a feature in Worlds Finest Comics #274–278. She assists Wonder Woman and several other superheroines in fighting an extraterrestrial threat, after a brief stay she sent Molly home and Tim wandered off on his own adventures. In the 2004 limited series Identity Crisis, Zatanna is a member of the Justice League at the time the villain Doctor Light rapes the Elongated Mans wife, when apprehended, he threatens the JLA members families. Zatanna, Hawkman, and the Atom vote for such action, while Green Arrow, Black Canary, Zatanna mind-wipes Light, and the process results in his intellectual abilities being lowered. In the midst of the process, Batman appears and tries to stop it, Zatanna freezes him, and the members vote unanimously to erase Batmans memories of the incident as well. Her working relationship to Batman sours after he discovers the alteration to his memory, when Zatanna helps Batman with reconnaissance at one of Ras al Ghuls Lazarus Pits, she asks him why he came to her. I needed someone I could trust, Batman says, but I had to settle for you. After Infinite Crisis, their relationship appears to have warmed, in Detective Comics #824 he calls her for information on an involved in scamming the Penguin. He makes no mention of their conflict, and casually calls her by her nickname, Catwoman discovers that Zatannas mind-wipe of Dr. Catwoman comes to distrust her memories, motives, and the choices she has made since that incident

25.
Dick Grayson
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Richard John Dick Grayson is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly in association with Batman. Created by Bob Kane and Bill Finger and illustrator Jerry Robinson, in Tales of the Teen Titans #44 the character retires his role as Robin and assumes the superhero persona of Nightwing, created by Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez. The youngest in a family of known as the Flying Graysons. Batman takes him in as a ward and the crime-fighting partner Robin. He is written by authors as the first son of Batman. As well as being Batmans crime-fighting partner, Dick establishes himself as the leader of the Teen Titans, as a young man, he retires as Robin and takes on his own superhero identity to assert his independence, becoming Nightwing. As Nightwing, he continues to lead the Teen Titans and later the Outsiders, in the first volume of his eponymous series, he becomes the protector of Blüdhaven, Gothams economically troubled neighboring city, the locale the character is most closely associated with. He has also served stints protecting the streets of New York, Chicago, Dick Grayson has taken on the identity of Batman on a few occasions. Dick again assumes the following the events of Batman R. I. P. As Batman, Dick moves to Gotham City following his mentors apparent death and partners with the fifth Robin, on Bruces return, both men maintained the Batman identity until 2011, when Dick returned to the Nightwing identity with DCs The New 52 continuity reboot. Following the conclusion of the Grayson series, and the restoration of his identity in the series final issue. Loren Lester voiced the character as Robin in Batman, The Animated Series, in May 2011, IGN ranked Dick Grayson #11 on their list of the Top 100 Super Heroes of All Time. In 2013, ComicsAlliance ranked Grayson as Nightwing as #1 on their list of the 50 Sexiest Male Characters in Comics, the character was first introduced in Detective Comics #38 by Batman creators Bill Finger and Bob Kane. Robins debut was an effort to get readers to enjoy Batman. He was born on the first day of spring, son of John Grayson and Mary Grayson, in his first appearance, Dick Grayson is a circus acrobat, and, with his parents, one of the Flying Graysons. While preparing for a performance, Dick overhears two gangsters attempting to extort money from the circus owner. The owner refuses, so the gangsters sabotage the trapeze wires with acid, during the next performance, the trapeze from which Dicks parents are swinging snaps, sending them to their deaths. Before he can go to the police, Batman appears to him, when Batman recounts the murder of his own parents, Dick asks to become his aide

26.
Wally West
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Wally West is a fictional superhero that appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. He is the first Kid Flash and the third Flash and his power consists mainly of superhuman speed. He made his first appearance as the Kid Flash in the Flash #110 in 1959, Wally took up the mantle of the Flash following the death of Barry Allen from 1986 to 2009 in DCs main lineup. His physical appearance is generally a redhead with green eyes, though he can often be seen with blue eyes also, Wally has an important role as the Flash in DC Rebirth. The phrase Fastest Man Alive was first applied to Wally, after he first took on the mantle of his mentor. In his debut as the Flash, Wally wears a red and gold costume, traditionally storing the costume compressed inside a ring. In the DC Rebirth, the Flash Wally wears a red, in 2013, Wally West placed 6th on IGNs Top 25 Heroes of DC Comics. Wally West has appeared in forms of media, including the Justice League cartoons. Wally also made his debut in the second season of The Flash, as Kid Flash. Wally West was created by John Broome and Carmine Infantino and introduced in The Flash #110, the character was the nephew of the existing Flash characters girlfriend and later wife, Iris West. During a visit to the Central City police laboratory where Barry Allen worked, now possessing the same powers as the Flash, West donned a smaller-sized copy of Barry Allens Flash outfit and became the young crimefighter Kid Flash. Wally had a relationship with his own parents and often looked to his beloved aunt and uncle for moral support. This costume was altered to one that would make him more visually distinctive. The original red was replaced with a costume that was yellow with red leggings, gloves. Sometime later, Wally contracted an illness that affected his entire bodily system, the more he used his speed powers. This was caused by the fact that Wally was a boy when the electrified chemicals altered his body, as such, as Wallys body matured, his altered body chemistry was slowly killing him. During the 1985–86 miniseries Crisis on Infinite Earths, Barry gave his life to save the Earth when destroying the antimatter cannon that was aimed at Earth, initially unaware of this, Wally was coaxed by Jay Garrick into assisting the heroes against the Anti-Monitors forces. During the final battle with the Anti-Monitor, Wally was struck by a blast of anti-matter energy, in the aftermath of the conflict, Wally took on his fallen mentors costume and identity

Wally West
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Wally West, the third Flash. Cover art for The Flash vol. 2, #207, by Michael Turner.
Wally West
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Wally as Kid Flash. Art by George Pérez.
Wally West
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Wally's new costume. Art by Ethan Van Sciver.

27.
Donna Troy
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Donna Troy is a comic book superheroine published by DC Comics. She first appeared in The Brave and the Bold vol.1 #60 and she has been known as the original Wonder Girl, Darkstar and Troia. In May 2011, Donna Troy placed 93rd on IGNs Top 100 Comic Book Heroes of All Time, after the shake-up in comics that resulted from the publication of Seduction of the Innocent, DC Comics searched for a way to portray Wonder Woman that would be acceptable to parents. A teen-aged version of Wonder Woman was dubbed Wonder Girl, by issue #123 of Wonder Woman the label Impossible Tale was not being included on many of these stories. In this particular issue the character of Wonder Girl is referred to as if she is an entity entirely different from Diana, after next being featured in Showcase #59, the Teen Titans were spun off into their own series with Teen Titans #1, cover-dated February 1966. Writer Marv Wolfman and artist Gil Kane created an origin for Wonder Girl in Teen Titans #22 which introduced the new costume. This story established Wonder Girls origin as an orphan, rescued by Wonder Woman from an apartment building fire. Unable to find any parents or family, Wonder Woman brought the child to Paradise Island, Donna remains with the Teen Titans until the series cancellation with issue #43 in February 1973. She is still part of the team when the comic picks up again with #44 in November 1976, Teen Titans is canceled again in February 1978 with issue #53, with Donna and the others — no longer teens — going their separate ways. Marv Wolfman and George Pérez revived the series yet again in 1980 as The New Teen Titans, with original members Wonder Girl, Robin, and Kid Flash joined by new heroes. Donna is romantically involved with slightly older professor Terry Long, but along the way is put under the spell of Hyperion. Donnas origin is expanded in the January 1984 tale, Who is Donna Troy, however, Donna became victim to a child selling racket, which ended with the racketeers dying in the fire. With Robins help, Donna is reunited with Fay, who had married Hank Evans, Donna marries Terry Long in a huge, lavish ceremony in Tales of the Teen Titans #50. With the character of Donna tied predominantly to the Titans, her origin was retconned to fit into the new continuity created by Wonder Womans relaunch, in the storyline Who Is Wonder Girl. Featured in The New Titans #50-54, the Titans of Myth enlist Donnas aid against the murderous Sparta of Synriannaq, the Seeds had been given superhuman powers, and named after ancient Greek cities. Killing her fellow Seeds to collect their powers and destroy the Titans of Myth, Sparta is ultimately defeated by Donna, in The New Titans #55, Donna changes her pseudonym from Wonder Girl to Troia and adopts a new costume incorporating mystical gifts from the Titans of Myth. During the Titans Hunt storyline, Donna discovers she is pregnant, in the New Titans Annual #7 and they come from a future in which Donnas son is born with the full powers of a god and full awareness of them, which drives him mad. He instantly ages himself, kills his mother, and becomes a known as Lord Chaos

28.
Cyborg (comics)
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Cyborg is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was created by writer Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez, Cyborg is best known as a member of the Teen Titans. However, in September 2011, Cyborg was established as a member of the Justice League as part of DCs 2011 reboot of its continuity. Cyborg appears in the DC Extended Universe, where he is played by actor Ray Fisher, Victor Vic Stone is the son of Silas Stone and Elinore Stone, scientists who use him as a test subject for various intelligence enhancement projects. While these treatments are successful, and Victors IQ subsequently grows to genius levels. He strikes up a friendship with Ron Evers, a young miscreant who leads him into trouble with the law. This is the beginning of a struggle in which Victor strives for independence, engaging in pursuits of which his parents disapprove, such as athletics, and abandoning his scholastic studies. Victors association with underage criminals leads him down a path in which he is often injured. He occasionally refuses to participate in Evers grandiose plans of racially motivated terrorism, when he visits his parents at work at S. T. A. R. Labs, an experiment with an inter-dimensional portal goes horribly wrong, the creature turns on Victor and severely mutilates him before Silas forces the creature back through the portal. To save his son, Silas outfits him with experimental prosthetics of his own design, the equipment can not be worn inconspicuously, and Victor is horrified upon discovering that most of his body and part of his face have been replaced with metallic implants. Victor initially wants to die, but he eventually adjusts to the changes, Victor finds that reintegration into society is very difficult, due to the fearful reactions by others to his jarring appearance. Even his girlfriend, Marcy Reynolds, rejects him and he is disallowed further participation in athletics, both for the unfair advantage provided by his cybernetics and because of his poor scholastic record. Vic joins the Teen Titans, initially for the benefit of a group of kindred spirits. His teammates are like a group of juveniles who are adjusting to their own prosthetics for they idolize him because of his fancy parts and it also turns out that their beautiful teacher Sarah Simms, who has often assisted Cyborg and the Titans, admires him as well. Cyborg and Sarah have a relationship that is considered by some fans to be Cyborgs one true love, although writer Marv Wolfman insists it is a deep. Another person who sees past the shell is Dr. Sarah Charles. Labs scientist who helps him to recuperate after having his cybernetic parts replaced, although Cyborgs body was repaired by a team of Russian scientists after the missile crash he had been in, albeit with more mechanical parts than previously, his mind was not

Cyborg (comics)
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Cover to Secret Origins #5 (August 2014). Art by Lee Bermejo.
Cyborg (comics)
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The redesigned Cyborg as a member of the original Justice League. Art by Ivan Reis.

29.
Beast Boy
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Beast Boy, also known as Changeling, is a fictional character, a superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Created by Arnold Drake and Bob Brown, the character made his first appearance in Doom Patrol #99. As a young child, Garfield Logan lived with his scientist parents in Africa and he received a certain amount of abuse from these parents, consequently becoming increasingly reclusive. Garfield contracted an illness called Sakutia, which is lethal to every species except the West African green monkey. To save his life, his father used a serum to change him into a West African green monkey for 24 hours. The serum had the effect of turning his skin, eyes, and hair green. His parents later died in an accident, to this day. Galtry realizes that his embezzlement from the Garfield estate will be exposed when Garfield reaches maturity and receives his inheritance, the villains he hires to kill Garfield are stopped by the Doom Patrol, Elasti-Girl and her husband, Steve Dayton, expose Galtrys embezzlement and adopt Garfield. Garfield later joins the team, his uniform includes a full-head purple mask with a black or yellow band across the middle of the face. During his membership with the Doom Patrol, Garfield has a relationship with a girl from his high school named Jillian Jackson. After he saves her from Galtry, the relationship dissolves, Beast Boy is deeply affected by the deaths of the Doom Patrol. During its run, Garfield joins the West Coast team of the Teen Titans, by this time, Garfield has taken the name Changeling. He remains with various incarnations of the team, and forms a friendship with Cyborg. Garfields character is used as comic relief, because of his joking. However, this is only a facade, as he uses humour to hide a deep inner pain, Logan has suffered many hardships in his life, some described previously. Despite all his hardships, Garfield is friendly, humorous and upbeat, like most of the other founding members of the New Teen Titans, he considers the group to be his family, and the people to whom he will always be closest. Though he has struggled with being taken seriously and an inferiority complex, Garfield loves. Seeking to resume his career, Changeling leaves the Titans

30.
Brother Blood
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Brother Blood is the name of two fictional comic book characters in the DC Comics universe. The first Brother Blood debuted in New Teen Titans vol.1 #21, the first Brother Blood encountered by the Titans was the eighth to bear the title. Seven hundred years earlier, a priest in the nation of Zandia named Brother Sebastian killed another priest to gain possession of what he believed to be Christs prayer shawl. The shawl gave him invulnerability and reduced his aging, but the priest he killed cursed him to be slain by his son before his hundredth birthday, upon doing so, his son became the second Brother Blood. He, in turn was killed by his son, and this continued for seven centuries, the eighth Brother Blood was, seemingly, the first who wished to extend the Church of Blood beyond Zandia. He wanted the Church to be a world power, the Church of Blood began operating in America, and the Titans were called to investigate when an ex-girlfriend of Cyborg attempted to escape this cult. Brother Blood brainwashed Nightwing and attempted to control of Ravens power. She defeated him, and his mind was seemingly destroyed, Brother Bloods wife, Mother Mayhem, later birthed a girl, suggesting the curse was over. Some time later, in Outsiders, Brother Blood returned to villainy, shortly after recreating his cult, he was killed by a young boy, Sebastian, claiming to be the new Brother Blood. This version reappeared in Teen Titans vol and he revealed that the Cult of Blood was based on the worship of Trigon the Terrible. It was for this reason that the new Bride of Blood was to be Raven, the Titans were able to save Raven, but the Church of Blood continued. Brother Blood later appeared in Teen Titans #30 a member of Alexander Luthor, Jr. s Secret Society of Super Villains and he also summoned the first Hawk and Dove, Phantasm, Kole, and Aquagirl from the dead to be his own Teen Titans. Brother Blood was stopped by Kid Eternity and sent to the level of Hell. In the aftermath of the Reign In Hell miniseries, Blood, now an adult, escaped from his incarceration, the fight between the two brought them to Titans Tower, where Blood fought the Titans. After draining Red Devils powers, Blood realised that he had tainted himself with Nerons influence and he was later seen approaching an unknown woman, looking to make her his new Mother. Some time later, the Secret Six were hired to infiltrate one of Bloods cults, after the teams cover was blown, they proceeded to kill a number of the churchs members and ultimately destroy their compound. The Cult of Blood makes their post-Flashpoint debut in one of the Phantom Stranger. Brother Blood himself appears in Ravagers, Blood kidnaps the team intending to use Beast Boys powers in a ritual to travel in The Reds dimension

31.
Jericho (comics)
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Jericho is a fictional character who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was originally a superhero and member of the Teen Titans during The New Teen Titans period by Marv Wolfman, since the early 1990s, Jericho has gone through periods of both sanity and insanity. Jericho first appeared in Tales of the Teen Titans #43 and was created by Marv Wolfman, Jericho was created in the early 1980s, a few years after Marv Wolfman and George Pérez relaunched the Teen Titans series and turned it into a major hit for DC Comics. At the time, Wolfman and Pérez were interested in distancing the team from the Justice League, Jericho was part of this process of establishing the team as its own creature rather than, in Pérez words, a Justice Little League. George Pérez worked out the design, powers, and personality of Jericho, in something of a departure, he also insisted that Jerichos emotions be conveyed entirely through visuals, without the use of thought balloons. Pérez claims that Jericho is the first character which he created solely by himself, Joseph was the youngest son of Slade Wilson and Adeline Kane Wilson, and had a happy early childhood. Joseph was a prodigy, as well being an talented artist. When Deathstroke refused to cooperate with Jackal, citing a violation of his code of ethics. Deathstroke managed to rescue his son, but not before one of Jackals men cut his throat, as a result, Joseph was rendered mute. Following the incident, Josephs mother Adeline divorced Slade and took Joseph, at some point, Joseph learned to communicate through sign language. He first manifested his powers when his was saving a friend in danger, in his late teens, Joseph worked with his mother in her espionage organization, Searchers Inc. and receives training in combat and stealth. During a mission, Josephs fully awaken his powers again to save his mother from an assassin. Sometime later, Adeline and Joseph discovered that Deathstroke had accepted a contract on the Teen Titans and they approached Dick Grayson to help him rescue the Titans, with Joseph adopting the identity of Jericho. The rescue mission was a success, and Jericho subsequently joined the team, but the Titans were initially wary of him because of his relationship to Deathstroke, Jericho proved to be a sensitive and pure-hearted individual, and was a loyal Titan for many years. Shortly after he joined the Titans, another new member, Kole, joined, Jericho also developed a close and affectionate relationship with Raven, having possessed her once and learned about her demonic heritage. Jericho was the first Titan to understand Raven, bonding over their pasts with their fathers, unbeknownest to anyone, Jericho was possessed by the souls of Azarath, tainted by the essence of the demon Trigon, Ravens father. Jericho laid dormant within his own mind while the souls of Azarath began searching for new bodies, the souls needed individual vessels to survive and sought to acquire superhuman ones. Imprisoning the lead Wildebeest, Jericho became the new leader and used them to abduct current

Jericho (comics)
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Jericho Art by George Pérez.
Jericho (comics)
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The New Titans #83 (1992), the final appearance of Jericho with his original appearance. The character returned eleven years later with a new look.

32.
52 (comics)
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52 is a weekly American comic book limited series published by DC Comics that debuted on May 10,2006, one week after the conclusion of the seven-issue Infinite Crisis. The series was written by Geoff Johns, Grant Morrison, Greg Rucka,52 also led into a few limited series spin-offs. 52 consists of 52 issues, published weekly for one year, the series covers much of the DC Universe, and several characters whose disparate stories interconnect. The story is followed by the weekly limited series Countdown to Final Crisis. It was the first weekly series published by DC Comics since the short-lived anthology Action Comics Weekly in 1988–1989, the use of a weekly publication format is unusual in the North American comics industry, traditionally based upon a monthly publication. 52 and Batman Eternal both hold the top position, of being the longest-published serialised weekly comic, published by a major North American publisher, the record was previously held by Action Comics Weekly. The story was conceived as being a chronicle of what happened in the missing year between the end of Infinite Crisis and the beginning of One Year Later. It would especially focus on how the world dealt with the disappearance of the big three heroes in the DCU, Superman, Batman, and Wonder Woman. As the series went on, it more of a platform for which to set the stage for upcoming storylines in the DC Universe. A backup story titled History of the DC Universe appears in Weeks 2 through 11, with the team of Dan Jurgens. Reminiscent of DCs earlier History of the DC Universe limited series, in this story, in the final chapter, both the device and a Monitor inform Donna Troy that she was supposed to have died instead of Jade. Weeks 12 through 51 feature Secret Origins, written by Mark Waid with a team of artists. In the aftermath of Infinite Crisis, Superman, Batman, and Wonder Woman have temporarily retired their costumed identities, and the remaining heroes attend a memorial for Superboy in Metropolis. Time traveler Booster Gold attends the memorial, but when Superman, Batman, Boosters reputation is ruined by his unscrupulous attempts to maintain his corporate sponsorships, as well as the arrival of a mysterious new superhero named Supernova. Booster tries to regain the spotlight by containing a nuclear submarine. Skeets uses Boosters ancestor Daniel Carter to regain access to Hunters lab, realizing that Hunter is aware of his plan, Skeets traps Carter in a time loop in the bunker and sets out to locate Hunter himself. Hunter and Booster attempt to trap Skeets in the Phantom Zone, ralph Dibny, the Elongated Man, is told that the gravestone of his dead wife Sue has been vandalized with an inverted version of Supermans S symbol, the Kryptonian symbol for resurrection. He confronts Cassandra Sandsmark, and she tells Dibny that she is in a cult which believes that Superboy can be resurrected, but they would like to try it first with Sue

33.
Superboy (Kon-El)
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Superboy is a fictional comic book superhero in the DC Comics universe. A modern variation on the original Superboy, the character first appeared in Adventures of Superman #500, the character was retconned in Teen Titans vol. 3, #1 as a Kryptonian/human hybrid of Superman and Lex Luthor, after the characters death in the Superboy series, Kon-El was replaced by Jon Lane Kent in subsequent stories. After the events of Superboy #34 Kon-El returns as Superboy again, the aura was translated into a telekinetic field for a human that would give the clone the ability to simulate Supermans powers such as flight, invulnerability, and strength. This was later known as tactile telekinesis by the scientists, after twelve failed attempts, the clone known as Experiment 13 was grown from a single cell to a teenage boy in less than a week and was a complete success. The clone was given implanted memories and underwent an artificial maturation process intended to match the age of the original Superman and this clone was released from his cloning tube too early, however, and emerged as a teenager. While at first calling himself Superman, he would later be known as Superboy, when Superboy arrived in Metropolis, he used the name Superman. While glibly asserting he was the original Superman, he quickly rebuked any insinuation he was the original Superman, in fact, he told anyone whod listen that he was a clone of Superman. This revelation was first revealed to Lois Lane, but she was not interested and this prompts the Kid to turn to another reporter, Tana Moon, who breaks the story live on WGBS. Three other Supermen emerged simultaneously, The Man of Tomorrow, The Last Son of Krypton, after the original Supermans return, Superboy began operating alongside him as an independent hero for a time, refusing to give credence to the idea that he was a sidekick of Supermans. He rejoined Cadmus and began working as an agent with Dubbilex. Superboy is interested in Serling, but she is oblivious at first, a defining moment in Superboys life would come when Superman asks Superboy to come with him to the Fortress of Solitude. While there, Superboy visits Krypton via virtual reality, after explaining how he considers Superboy part of his family, Superman offers him the Kryptonian name Kon-El. Superboy tearfully accepts, overjoyed with the joy of having a real name. He would eventually accept the name Conner, after Cadmus was shut down, Superboy had no job and no place to stay. He relocates to Metropolis, becoming the super at a tenement building called Calvin Gardens, eventually Superman invites him to stay with his parents in Smallville, which he gladly accepted and did for quite some time. Superboy is a member of Young Justice, a group of teenage heroes who intended to one day be the next Justice League. While Superboy and Robin seemingly defeated Metallo, Poison Ivy takes control of Superboy, Robin follows Superboy and Poison Ivy to Kauai, where Poison Ivy released vines all over the island

34.
Tim Drake
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Timothy Jackson Tim Drake is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly in association with Batman. The character was created by Marv Wolfman and Pat Broderick, following the events in Batman, Battle for the Cowl, he uses the alias Red Robin. The character has featured in various other formats, such as The New Batman Adventures and Young Justice. In 2011, Tim Drake was ranked 32nd in IGNs Top 100 Comic Book Heroes and this led to Grayson and later Alfred Pennyworth, Bruce Waynes butler, to support Tims request to be Batmans new partner. Not wanting to make the mistake as he did with Jason Todd. Eventually, after Tim rescues Batman from Scarecrow, he proves his capability, Batman editor Dennis ONeil hoped that Graysons approval of Drake would ease reader acceptance of him. Evidently, this approach was successful with the character being so accepted by readers that, mike Mullins on Newsarama has stated, Throughout, the character of Robin has been captured consistently, showing him to step up to greater and greater challenges. Robin is a character who shows initiative and is driven to do what he views as right and he knows he is living up to a legacy left by Dick Grayson and strives to not disappoint Bruce Wayne, Batman. Tim is a natural detective than previous Robins and is talented with computers. Unlike his predecessors, Tim is not the most proficient combatant and has had to work on his fighting technique. Tim almost always seeks to analyze a problem and to outthink his opponent but has shown the ability to win a fight when necessary, as Robin, the character has also been featured prominently in the Young Justice and 2003 Teen Titans series. As of June 2009, he took on the new identity of Red Robin, Tim Drake is the son of Jack Drake and Janet Drake, coming from the same social class as Bruce Wayne. When he was a child, he visited the circus for the first time with his parents. The Drakes asked the Flying Graysons for a photo together, resulting in a bond between Tim and Dick Grayson as they met for the first time. Inspired by the heroes, Tim trained himself in arts, acrobatics, detective skills. When Tim reached the age of thirteen, he saw that Batman has grown reckless, after his mothers death and his fathers paralysis, Drake decided to intervene and Batman eventually enlisted him as the third Robin. Before joining Batman as the third Robin, Tim Drake was given a redesign of the Robin costume. When Bruce Wayne retires after Knightfall, Robin goes solo to defend Gotham, Robin would eventually go on to co-star with other teenaged superheroes in Young Justice and Teen Titans

35.
Batman
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Batman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was created by artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger, originally named the Bat-Man, the character is also referred to by such epithets as the Caped Crusader, the Dark Knight, and the Worlds Greatest Detective. Batmans secret identity is Bruce Wayne, a wealthy American playboy, philanthropist, after witnessing the murder of his parents Thomas Wayne and Martha Wayne as a child, he swore vengeance against criminals, an oath tempered by a sense of justice. Wayne trains himself physically and intellectually and crafts a bat-inspired persona to fight crime, Batman operates in the fictional Gotham City, with assistance from various supporting characters, including his butler Alfred, police commissioner Gordon, and vigilante allies such as Robin. A large assortment of villains make up Batmans rogues gallery, including his archenemy, Batman became popular soon after his introduction in 1939 and gained his own comic book title, Batman, the following year. As the decades went on, differing interpretations of the character emerged, the late 1960s Batman television series used a camp aesthetic, which continued to be associated with the character for years after the show ended. Various creators worked to return the character to his dark roots, the success of Warner Bros. live-action Batman feature films have helped maintain the publics interest in the character. The character has also intrigued psychiatrists, with trying to understand the characters psyche. In 2015, FanSided ranked Batman as number one on their list of 50 Greatest Super Heroes In Comic Book History. Kevin Conroy, Bruce Greenwood, Peter Weller, Anthony Ruivivar, Jason OMara, Batman has been portrayed in both film and television by Lewis Wilson, Robert Lowery, Adam West, Michael Keaton, Val Kilmer, George Clooney, Christian Bale, and Ben Affleck. In early 1939, the success of Superman in Action Comics prompted editors at National Comics Publications to request more superheroes for its titles, in response, Bob Kane created the Bat-Man. Collaborator Bill Finger recalled that Kane had an idea for a character called Batman, I went over to Kanes, and he had drawn a character who looked very much like Superman with kind of. Reddish tights, I believe, with boots, with a small domino mask, swinging on a rope. He had two wings that were sticking out, looking like bat wings. And under it was a big sign, the bat-wing-like cape was suggested by Bob Kane, inspired by Leonardo Da Vincis sketch of an ornithopter flying device as a child. Finger suggested giving the character a cowl instead of a domino mask, a cape instead of wings. Finger said he devised the name Bruce Wayne for the secret identity, Bruce Waynes first name came from Robert Bruce. Wayne, being a playboy, was a man of gentry, I searched for a name that would suggest colonialism

36.
Wonder Girl (Cassie Sandsmark)
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Wonder Girl, is a fictional DC Comics superheroine. Created by John Byrne, and first appearing in Wonder Woman #105, she is a sidekick of the popular superhero Wonder Woman, Later, Zeus, king of the Greek gods, grants her real powers. Later revelations showed that Cassie was in fact a demigoddess and the daughter of Zeus himself. In 2011, DC relaunched its books with a new continuity called The New 52, and one of its major continuity changes was to Wonder Woman, establishing that she is a demigod and the daughter of Zeus. Later, her New 52 origin story reveals that she is Wonder Womans niece and her father is revealed as being a British super-soldier named Lennox Sandsmark who is Wonder Womans half-brother and himself a son of Zeus. As before, Helen, Cassies mother, is an archaeologist, Cassandra Sandsmark initially appears as a supporting cast member in Wonder Woman. She later appears as part of an ensemble in Young Justice and she appeared in supporting roles in 52, Supergirl, and the 2006 relaunch of the Wonder Woman series. In September 2007, she appeared in the limited series Wonder Girl, Champion written by J. Torres and illustrated by Sanford Greene. Cassandra is the character to be called Wonder Girl, the second being Donna Troy. Cassandra is the daughter of Dr. Helena Sandsmark, and the Greek god Zeus, during a fight with a Doomsday clone and another battle with Decay, she created a costume and used magical accoutrements to help Wonder Woman, much to her mothers horror. Cassandra later had the opportunity to ask Zeus for a boon, Zeus granted her request, but gave Dr. Sandsmark the ability to deactivate them with the simple touch of her hand upon Cassie. Dr. Sandsmark, however, reluctantly accepted her daughters wish to be a superhero, Cassie heavily idolized Donna Troy, the original Wonder Girl, and to that effect wore a black wig over her natural blonde hair. Donna gave Cassie the second costume she wore as Wonder Girl and she has been trained by Artemis, the former stand-in Wonder Woman. As Wonder Girl, Cassie joined Young Justice due to her crush on Superboy and she became close friends with Arrowette, Secret, and Empress. During her time with group the dark god Oblivion caused Wonder Womans Wonder Dome palace to destroy Gateway City. Artemis ordered Cassie to help with crowd control instead of wasting time putting on her Wonder Girl disguise, agreeing with her, Cassie revealed her secret identity before news cameras for the first time in her superhero career. Towards the end of the Young Justice series, Cassie became the leader of the team and her secret identity was again publicly revealed when the second Silver Swan attacked her at her high school. Young Justice was disbanded after the events of Graduation Day, a crossover with Titans, during these events, Optitron offered to fund both the Titans and Young Justice

37.
Steel (John Henry Irons)
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Steel, also known as the Man of Iron, is a fictional character, a superhero in the DC Universe. First appearing in The Adventures of Superman #500, he is the character known as Steel and was created by Louise Simonson. Aspects of the character are clearly inspired by the African American folk hero John Henry, as the company would have coerced him to retain his services, John faked his death, and eventually came to Metropolis. While working a construction job high up on a skyscraper, he fell off while saving a friend from the same fate and his own life was saved by none other than Superman. When John Irons asked how he could show his gratitude, Superman told him to live a life worth saving. During Supermans fatal battle against Doomsday, Irons attempted to help Superman fight the menace by picking up a sledge hammer. Shortly after Supermans death, he awoke and crawled from the wreckage, confused. He recovered, but to discover that the gangs in inner-city Metropolis were fighting a gang war using BG-80 Toastmasters. Although Steel never claimed to be the true Superman, Lois Lane seriously considered the possibility that he was a walk-in — someone who was now inhabited by Supermans soul. Steel was spun off into a series, written by co-creator Louise Simonson and later by Christopher Priest. The series began by having Steel leave Metropolis and return home to Washington and he erroneously believed that his old employers, AmerTek, would no longer be interested in him. This turned out to be false when they attacked his home, Steel decided not to use the S emblem, however, since he felt that his battle might take him outside the law. Steels family was introduced in series, his grandparents, Butter and Bess, his sister-in-law Blondell, and her five children, Jemahl, Natasha, Paco, Tyke. Steels early adventures pitted him against AmerTek and against the gangs that were using his weapons and his nephew, Jemahl, was involved in one of the gangs, which he thought offered him protection. He was proven wrong, however, when the gangs turned against him to get to Steel, Tyke was paralyzed by a bullet meant for Jemahl and Blondell was assaulted. Steel eventually took down AmerTek and the gangs, and focused on who was helping AmerTek distribute the weapons and this led him to track down a group called Black Ops, led by the villain Hazard. Steel briefly joined up with Maxima, who was still on Earth at the time and working with the Justice League, during this time, Steel developed the ability to teleport his armor onto and off himself. At first, it appeared purely by reflex but he began to better control it

Steel (John Henry Irons)
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John Henry Irons as Steel, as seen in the "Reign of the Supermen" story arc.
Steel (John Henry Irons)
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Shaquille O'Neal as Steel.

38.
Zachary Zatara
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Zachary Zatara is a fictional character in the DC Universe. Zachary is a descendant of the Homo Magi just like his cousin Zatanna and he first appeared in Teen Titans #34, and was created by Geoff Johns and Tony Daniel. After the events of Day of Vengeance, when magic in the DC Universe was changed, Zachary developed abilities similar to his relatives, Zatanna Zatara, calling himself the most popular teenaged magician, he briefly joins the Teen Titans. Zachary has little tact, patience, and modesty when it comes to his skills, as a result, he was left with few to no friends amongst the Titans, many of whom looked at him as a selfish brat. During the initial auditions for the Teen Titans, Zachary met with Kid Devil, one night after performing as a stage magician in Metropolis, Zachary is approached by Eddie, who asks him about a mysterious candle he found. Zachary explains that Eddies candle is magical in nature and Eddie lights it and they are transported to Nerons realm and meet Neron himself. Although Zachary advises him not to listen to Nerons offers, Eddie makes a deal with the demon where he is transformed into a real demon, Neron then sends both the new Kid Devil and Zachary back to Earth. Zachary helped Eddie gain entrance into the Teen Titans, and together they have multiple adventures and they battle Kid Crusader and, during one stint, went to New Azarath, where they are almost eaten by the Phantasm. Zachary remains a Titan for several months, before eventually quitting because one of his teammates was driving him crazy. Zachary briefly appears in the limited series World War III, along with several other Titans he tries to stop the murderous rampage of Black Adam in Greece. He is slammed into a wall and injured, the Titans are forced to leave him behind, but he receives medical aid from Greek authorities. One Year Later, he is performing as a stage magician in Japan with an attractive young Japanese assistant called Bunny. The current Teen Titans come speak with him, as they are looking for Raven, Zachary wants nothing to do with them and does not remember his times with Eddie or the Titans fondly. Still, he states that Raven had come to him in Japan and began to ask him weird questions. about herself, after he kicks them out, it is revealed he possesses a secret photo of Raven. At the last second, he tries to call Eddie back, although Zachary has a less than close relationship with the Titans, he does agree to aid Robin and Ravager defeat a gang of metahumans assembled by Robins wanna-be nemesis, Dodge. He also worked with other magical heroes assisting the Justice League in holding back the citizens of New Krypton, Zachary however rejects this, under the misunderstanding that he was being forced to join the team in order to get refuge. He returns to Metropolis with Bunny shortly after, Zachary also appears in the Titans Tomorrow arc. He is in the Reign in Hell storyline, where he dares to attempt to banish the powerful entity Rama Kushna and is dealt heavy damage in retaliation

39.
Offspring (comics)
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Offspring is a fictional comic book superhero in the DC universe. He is the son of Plastic Man, and has the same stretching powers as his father, offsprings first appearance was in a one-shot issue of the same name, a spin-off of the miniseries The Kingdom. His outfit was a predominantly white all-in-one, with black areas laid out in a similar design to a classic 32-panel soccer ball. Offspring later appeared in the issue of the The Kingdom miniseries, teamed with Kid Flash, Nightstar. In this version he is named Ernie OBrian and he is treated as a joke professionally and personally by his friends, family, and even foes. However he learns to accept his place on the team as the funny member and his relationship with his dad is close and happy, however, his girlfriend, Micheline, is unhappy with the lack of respect his goofy behavior is causing. Offspring appears briefly in Teen Titans vol.3, #34, the character wears a white costume with red goggles, a costume similar to that of The Kingdoms Offspring. In Geoff Johnss script for Teen Titans #34, it is revealed that he is indeed Plastic Mans son, additionally, in Teen Titans #38, a photograph is displayed showing Offspring and Plastic Man next to each other. In 52 Week 35, Offspring appears, recovering from overstretching after saving twenty members of Lex Luthors Everyman hero groups, Lex had deactivated their powers, causing dozens to fall from the sky. During his appearance he is called Ernie by Plastic Man, not Luke, in Week 40, he assists Steel in launching an attack on Lexcorp when Natasha is captured by Luthor. Hes later involved with the storyline of World War III and he tries to defeat the insane Black Adam by grasping his brain from the inside, this plan fails. He is able to recover fast, later joking with his father about the lack of humor of his superpowered foe, Offspring is later one of teen heroes captured and brainwashed into fighting at the Dark Side Club. After being rescued by Miss Martian and Ravager, Offspring is offered a spot on the Teen Titans line-up by Wonder Girl, like most of the other survivors, he declines. During Superboy-Primes attack on Titans Tower, Offspring appears as one of the former Titans who arrives to fight him off. Offspring inherited Plastic Mans powers, but he has greater control and he can instantly change size, density, and even color more effectively and efficiently. The 1966-1968 Plastic Man comic book series starred Eel OBrian, Jr. as the new Plastic Man, in issue #7, it is revealed that he was born the non-super powered son of Plastic Man and an unnamed brunette wife. As a toddler, he drank the same acid that had given his father super powers, as an adult, he became the new Plastic Man and was romantically involved with Micheline Mike DeLute III. During the course of the series, Eel Jr. teamed with the Inferior Five, the 1979-1981 The Plastic Man Comedy/Adventure Show animated series introduced Baby Plas as the son of Plastic Man and his blonde wife Penny during the shows second season

40.
Aquagirl (Lorena Marquez)
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Lorena Marquez is one of several fictional characters to use the codename Aquagirl. She is a comic book published by DC Comics. Lorena debuted in Aquaman vol.6 #16, and was created by Will Pfeifer, Lorena Marquez is on a date at the San Diego Zoo when an earthquake shakes San Diego and causes it to sink deep into the sea, killing thousands — including Lorenas entire family. She comes into contact with Aquaman, who nurses her back to health as she discovers that she has developed the ability to breathe underwater like an Atlantean. The two manage to locate the survivors of the quake, as well as Anton Geist. Lorena and Aquaman have no choice but to begin rebuilding the city as Sub Diego, when Ocean Master switches lives with Aquaman, Lorena assumes the identity of Aquagirl, adopting an aquatic costume. After Aquaman exposes Ocean Masters scheme, Lorena keeps her Aquagirl costume and identity, when a string of homicides begin to emerge in Sub Diego, Lorena was one of the first to discover that it was former police officer Chandra Abbot who was guilty. The two fight and Chandra admits she did not understand why Aquaman would allow Lorena to help him but she at that moment she understood, in Teen Titans Volume 3 #34, Lorena is shown at Titans Tower arguing with Holly Granger during a flashback. Lorena is also a member of the Teen Titans during the events of 52 and she assists Steel in launching an attack on LexCorp when Natasha Irons is captured by Lex Luthor. She later resurfaces as supporting character of the new Aquaman, Arthur Joseph Curry, in Aquaman, apparently, as one of the last Sub Diegoans able to breathe water, she is left in the seas, mourning Koryaks death in the rubble of Poseidonis. She then joins Curry, Cal Durham, Tempest, and the new Topo in their voyage to Sub Diego, Aquagirl appears up in Terror Titans #1 and is kidnapped by the Terror Titans. While her teammate Molecule is slain by the new Persuader, Lorena is taken alive and she is defeated twice, once by Rose Wilson after being stabbed, and again by a brainwashed Terra, who crushes Lorena with a pair of boulders. Aquagirl and the others are freed by Miss Martian. While resting in the tower, Lorena meets and befriends Static, after realizing that she has nowhere to go and no family, Lorena accepts Wonder Girls offer to rejoin the team, taking up permanent residence in Titans Tower. Remaining close friends with Static, Lorena also begins flirting in Spanish with her teammate Blue Beetle, despite him already dating teen superheroine and Titan reserve member and she also quickly gains an enemy in Bombshell, finding her to be rude. Despite her apparent concern for both Static and Blue Beetle, Aquagirl begins flirting with Superboy after she witnesses a fight him and Wonder Girl. During a mission to rescue Raven from an extradimensional being called Wyld, Aquagirl, after Static destroys Wyld, Aquagirl and Bombshell are left missing at sea with their fates uncertain. In the Brightest Day crossover, Lorena is approached by Mera who had come searching for help against her sister and her Death Squad and she and Mera subsequently reappear when Siren and her army attack Miami, Florida as the opening salvo of an invasion

41.
World War III (DC Comics)
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World War III is the title of two comic book sagas published by DC Comics and involving many of the superheroes of the DC Universe. The first was published in 2000 as a story-arc in the JLA ongoing series, the second was published in 2007 as a limited series of its own. The original World War III saga was an arc of the JLA series written by Grant Morrison and drawn by Howard Porter in 2000. Lex Luthor, failing to defeat the JLA, formed a new Injustice Gang consisting not of villains who mimic the Justice League, the villains were Prometheus, Queen Bee, and General Wade Eiling. With a deadly plan in mind, this new team was able to infiltrate the Watchtower via the Ghost Zone and defeat the JLA. As the JLA was about to back, they soon found out that the Injustice Gang were not doing these things under their own will. The latter is revealed to be the cosmic entity Mageddon, an ancient living weapon originally intended to be used for wars among primal cosmic gods. Mageddon had been influencing the thoughts of the population of Earth to promote a state of war. The title World War III was also used in 2007 for a four-issue mini-series written by Keith Champagne and John Ostrander and it tells the story of Black Adams rage against humanity after his family was murdered, and he can only be stopped when the entire superhero community rallies together. The limited series was a tie into DCs weekly comic series,52, occurring on Week 50 of the series. During Week 50, Black Adam rampages all over the planet, killing many innocent citizens, leaving destruction, for example, the Leaning Tower of Pisa and many in the city are slain. Father Time unsuccessfully tries to him on American shores and his face is ripped off for his efforts. In retaliation for the attack despite him not crossing Americas borders, firestorm is forced out of retirement, along with Firehawk. Combined, the two turn the ship into snow, nightwing battles a gang of looters, his dialogue hints he kills them, he is later seen with their money. In the meantime, Jonn observes Supergirl return from the 31st century, unstable from the time travel, she passes through Jonn. Her form stabilizes as she plunges to Earth, Black Adam defeats Captain Marvel Jr. and Mary Marvel. In Sub Diego the effects of the Geiss serum are wearing off, turning the population into air-breathers again, except for Aquagirl and a few others, the latter confers with the sea-gods, Poseidon and Triton, asking for the power to save the Sub Diegoans. Aquaman succeeds in raising back a big portion of Sub Diego, as he expected, he pays a difficult price, he is transfigured in a monstrous, amnesiac and almost mad form, the Dweller in the Depths

World War III (DC Comics)
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"World War III"

42.
One Year Later
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One Year Later was a 2006 comic book storyline running through the books published by DC Comics. Following the events of the Infinite Crisis storyline, every DC comic series jumped ahead in-story by one year, the events of the missing year were depicted in real time in the weekly comic book series 52. The One Year Later storyline started in March 2006, starting the week that Infinite Crisis #5 went to press. Numerous prominent heroes were missing or inactive for most of the year as the One Year Later issues commenced. Heroes known to have gone for the missing year were Aquaman, Batman, Blue Beetle, Green Arrow, Hawkman, Martian Manhunter, Nightwing, Robin, Superman. The Flash has been missing, but Jay Garrick had been protecting Keystone City in his absence, the Superman storyline Up, Up and Away. was co-written by Geoff Johns and Kurt Busiek, with art by Pete Woods, and cover art by Terry and Rachel Dodson. The four-month, eight-part introductory story arc ran through both Action Comics #837-840 and Superman #650-653, the Batman storyline Face the Face, was written by James Robinson, with art by Leonard Kirk and Don Kramer. It ran through Detective Comics #817-820 and Batman #651-654, the finale also saw Bruce Wayne offer to adopt Tim Drake, the third Robin, as his son following the deaths of his parents and the events of the Crisis. Unlike the Batman and Superman series, Wonder Woman was reintroduced with a new volume at one in June 2006. The introductory storyline was titled Who Is Wonder Woman. and it was written by Allan Heinberg with art by Terry and she is partnered on the case with a reluctant Tom Tresser, also known as Nemesis. The story was completed in the series first Annual in 2007 and they then rejoined the Green Lantern Corps shortly thereafter. A new Aquaman has appeared and allied himself with King Shark, the original Aquaman has mysteriously disappeared. A revised Doom Patrol has debuted, bart Allen becomes the new Flash. Captain Atom has been imprisoned within Blüdhaven by the military, initially, Dick Grayson and Jason Todd both operate in New York City as Nightwing, but Jason uses lethal force. Jason eventually returns to the Red Hood identity, Hawkman has been missing for a year, and Hawkgirl has taken his place as St. Rochs protector. Jason Rusch and Lorraine Reilly now compose Firestorm instead of Jason and Prof. Martin Stein, Lady Shiva and Gypsy have both joined Oracles team in Birds of Prey. Black Canary returns, and Lady Shiva takes Bethany Thorne, daughter of Matthew Thorne, oliver Queen is the mayor of Star City and has not appeared in public as Green Arrow for a year. Cassandra Cain, under the influence of Deathstroke the Terminator, has become the new leader of the League of Assassins, Robin leads the Teen Titans, which now includes Cyborg, Kid Devil, and Ravager

One Year Later
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Logo used by DC Comics in marketing the event.

43.
Titans East
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Titans East is the name of several DC Comics teams. The teams appear in the Teen Titans comic books and animated series, the comic book incarnation of Titans East first appeared in the Titans Tomorrow storyline, which is set in the future. The first modern incarnation appeared in Teen Titans vol,3, #43, as a group of villains led by Deathstroke. Cyborg has recently assembled a new version of the team, Titans East is based on the Teen Titans west-coast counterpart Titans West, a team of lesser-known teenage heroes including Beast Boy, Flamebird, and Hawk and Dove. Currently, the main Titans team is based in San Francisco, California, the original Titans East first appeared in the Titans Tomorrow storyline in which the Teen Titans meet their villainous older selves in the future. This incarnation of Titans East is a group of former Titans rebelling against the future Titans rule over the Western United States, batwoman, Formerly Flamebird, and ex-lover of Dick Grayson. Captain Marvel, Formerly Captain Marvel Jr, and successor to the power of the wizard Shazam, co-leader of Titans East along with Bumblebee. Flash, Works with Titans West as an agent for Titans East, in November 2007, DC released a one-shot special called Titans East Special, written by Judd Winick with art by Ian Churchill and Norm Rapmund. In the special, Cyborg was assembling a group of heroes to train as the new Titans East. 2, #1, it was revealed all but Power Boy survived. Anima, Son of Vulcan, and Lagoon Boy are comatose, Little Barda is in condition, Cyborg is unconscious, but in stable condition. The source of the attack is believed to be the demon Trigon, Cyborg later wakes up, but, waiting for new replacement limbs, is left strapped to a hoverchair. In such diminished form, he disbands the Titans East to join the new Titans group upon discovering that Trigons offspring may be responsible for the events. In the Teen Titans animated series, the Titans East form as a result of Brother Bloods continued activities for the H. I. V. E. Cyborg is the leader of the team in the episode Titans East, in which he helps build their Titans Tower and helps them become a cohesive team. Their Tower was attacked and nearly destroyed by Brother Bloods army of robotic Cyclones, and while Cyborg was fighting Blood himself, the Cyclones captured and brainwashed the other East Titans. They became unwilling, mind-controlled servants of Brother Blood, to be used as part of a trap for Cyborg, the episode For Real spotlights the Titans East as they occupy the main Titans city in their absence. The members of this Titans East are, Cyborg Bumblebee Aqualad Speedy Más y Menos DCU, One Year Greater Panel

44.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange

45.
Duela Dent
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Duela Dent is a fictional character in the DC Universe. She is a member of the Suicide Squad, the Teen Titans and its counterpart. Introduced under the alias of Jokers Daughter, she has used the aliases Catgirl, Scarecrone, Riddlers Daughter, Penguins Daughter, Card Queen. Duela Dent first appeared as Jokers Daughter in the Batman Family series of comic books and she gained the attention of Robin, as she later claimed to be the daughter of Catwoman, Scarecrow, Riddler, and Penguin. She deduced Robins identity and he revealed that she was Duela Dent, Duela claimed she wanted to join the Teen Titans to atone for her fathers crimes, however, not all members of the Titans were in favor of this idea. In Teen Titans #48 she changed her identity to Harlequin, as Harlequin, Duela utilized gimmicks such as smoke-inducing powder puffs and bullet-firing lipstick. After the Teen Titans comic books were canceled, she popped up in the Batman titles, Duelas last pre-Crisis appearance is in Tales Of The Teen Titans #50, as a guest at Donna Troys wedding where she appears to be a middle aged matron. Dick Grayson notes that hed finally realized she was too old to be Two-Faces daughter, delusional and schizophrenic, the mysterious Harlequin has been in and out of mental institutions for several years. An acrobat who possesses numerous clown-motif gadgets, she calls herself Duela Dent and her first significant Post-Crisis appearance was in the Team Titans comic book, as an aged patient in a mental hospital. The writers of the originally planned to reveal that Harlequin was a time-traveling member of the Team Titans driven insane by her time-warping experience. However, due to the cancellation of the series, plans for her to return were aborted, the final issue of Team Titans solicited a non-existent story for Team Titans #25, and provided a commentary on the titles cancellation. In the solicitation, Duela steals a device and shifts New York City into the late 1970s. Duelas appearance in Team Titans is now regarded as a time caused by Zero Hour. Reappearing at her age, Harlequin aided the Titans during the JLA/Titans, Technis Imperative series, in which Cyborgs automated system seeks out all Titans allies, past. Although she is in an institution, Duela is rescued by Cyborg. In the series, she is described as a former Titans ally, Duela then makes a brief appearance in Titans Secret Files #1, insisting to anyone who would listen that the Titans would soon contact her about membership. In the story, she claims that she is the daughter of Doomsday. Flamebird and Terra defeat her and return her to The Helping House Mental Institution in Industry, how she met up with the dangerous villains with whom she crashed the party is unexplained

Duela Dent
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Duela Dent

46.
Damion Scott
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Damion Scott is a comic book artist and writer, known for his work on books such as Batman, Robin, and Batgirl, Web of Spider-Man, and Duppy. He splits his time between New York and Tokyo, where he founded an art studio that publishes a Japanese comic called Saturday Morning Cartoons or SAM-C, Scott graduated from The Kubert School in the late 1990s. His drawing style is influenced by and the Hip hop culture, in 2006 Scott wrote a book, How To Draw Hip-Hop, which was published by Watson-Guptill. Scott has worked on several DC Comics, including Batman, Robin, Scott has also worked on Spider-Man, for Marvel Comics. He illustrated issue #10 of the Solo series in 2006, in 2007, Scott moved to Japan to pursue commercial and fine art, doing magazine illustrations, street art and gallery shows. Scott drew a Raven miniseries for DC Comics and he currently lives in Japan and is heavily involved in the local art scene, having started an art studio in Tokyo and a Japanese comic titled Saturday Morning Cartoons or SAM-C. He is participating in an Art Showcase in Harajyuku on October 17–18,2009, in September 2012 He drew two issues of Web of Spider-Man and has a series titled Duppy. At this time he also illustrated The Brooklyn Avengers, a comic in which Spiderman moves to Brooklyn, in 2014, Scott took over the art duties for Ghost Rider, beginning with issue 6. In 2015 he assisted with Daryl Makes Comics, a project by Daryl Mcdaniels, Scott has lived in Japan since 2007, though as of 2012, he was splitting his time between Tokyo and New York

Damion Scott
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Damion Scott

47.
Psycho-Pirate
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The Psycho-Pirate is the name of two DC Comics supervillains, dating back to the Golden Age of Comics. The Charles Halstead version of Psycho-Pirate first appears in All-Star Comics #23 and was created by Gardner Fox, the Roger Hayden version of Psycho-Pirate first appears in Showcase #56 and was created by Gardner Fox and Murphy Anderson. Charles Halstead is a character who first appears in All-Star Comics #23, created by Gardner Fox. He was originally a linotyper for the Daily Courier who became jealous of his bosss success and he plans crimes based on emotions, hoping to ruin his boss. Nothing is known of the life of Charles Halstead before he became a linotyper at the Daily Courier, a long-time employee, Halstead was a friend and favorite of publisher Rex Morgan. Secretly, however, Halstead was frustrated with his lack of advancement at the paper and at some point and he resolved to take what he had never been able to earn and his first target was the paper itself. He began to stage a series of crimes based on emotions, as time passed, Halstead, as the Psycho-Pirate, became bolder. He penned a letter to the Courier, challenging the Justice Society to stop a new wave of crimes based on a variety of emotions. For example, he engendered fear into the inhabitants of a city where he threatened to unleash a plague until his plan was halted by Dr. Mid-Nite. Each JSAer was given an emotion and a task to solve, to remove the Atom, he convinced the hero that the JSA had been captured and sent the Mighty Mite to rescue them. The Atom discovered the ruse and defeated the criminals henchmen disguised as JSAers, in doing so, the Atom discovered the true identity of the Psycho-Pirate, who shot him to preserve his secrecy. Wounded, the Atom made it to the Courier just as the JSA returned and exposed Halstead as the Psycho-Pirate, Halstead was subsequently sentenced to a lengthy prison term after the Justice Society of America captures and puts him in jail. He escapes by playing on the emotions of a guard, and he continues to research the mysticism of emotions until his death sometime in the 1960s. Roger Hayden, first appeared as the second Psycho-Pirate in Showcase #56, created by Gardner Fox, Roger Hayden is a jailed gangster who is a cellmate to Halstead on Earth-Two. Halsteads dying wish to have a legacy prompts him to tell Hayden of a secret which he has divined in his jail years and these golden masks bestow upon the wearer the power to project emotions onto others. Hayden finds these masks, merges them into a single faceplate and it becomes increasingly apparent that he is addicted to absorbing others emotions, though it causes him pain, possibly brought by the combination of all masks into one. He is eventually imprisoned after a battle with Doctor Fate and Hourman, after creating a disturbance at Gotham International Airport, he is subdued by his Justice Society comrades, who assists both Scott and teammate Flash who has also been under Haydens control. The Society has to battle a civil war within their membership instigated by Wayne, still under Haydens control

Psycho-Pirate
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The first appearance of the second Psycho-Pirate. Cover to Showcase #56. Art by Murphy Anderson.
Psycho-Pirate
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Roger Hayden as the Psycho-Pirate in Animal Man #23 (May 1990). Art by Chas Truog.

48.
Wizard (magazine)
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Wizard or Wizard, The Magazine of Comics, Entertainment and Pop Culture was a magazine about comic books, published monthly in the United States by Wizard Entertainment from July 1991 to January 2011. It included a guide, as well as comic book, movie, anime, and collector news, interviews. With issue #7, the magazine switched to paper and color printing. Wizard strongly supported new publishers Valiant Comics and Image Comics, heavily promoting their new releases, with its high-end production values and embodiment of the comic speculator boom, Wizard was an instant hit, with a monthly circulation of more than 100,000 copies. In 2006, the magazine was revamped with a look and more pages, switching from the perfect bound or staple free look. After issue 200, Wizard made several changes to the magazine, shifting focus from reviews and humor to information about upcoming comics, the 3-page Magic Words section, which consisted of reader questions, was dropped and replaced by Fan Mail, a half-page section allowing 3 short letters. In November 2006, Wizard editor-in-chief and co-founder Pat McCallum was fired, Wizard declined to say why he was removed. On February 21,2007, Scott Gramling was announced as the new editor-in-chief, soon after, longtime Wizard Editor Brian Cunningham was removed in August 2008. The final editor was former staff writer and managing editor Mike Cotton, on February 27,2009, Wizard laid off ten percent of its work force, including its three staff writers, in order to make room for freelance writers. Wizard was relaunched with issue #228, which featured Mark Millar as a guest editor, the magazine went back to its strictly comic book roots. The issue featured a Green Hornet film cover and round table discussion with creators in the comic book film industry, despite all these changes, however, the magazine was losing subscribers at an unsustainable rate, by December 2010 its circulation was just 17,000 copies. This was confirmed later that day by Wizard, who revealed that its sister magazine. According to the representatives, Wizard would be relaunched in February 2011 as an online magazine called Wizard World. The first issue of Wizard World was made online and through major digital distribution channels on March 2,2011. The magazine went through an ever-changing line-up of regular and semi-regular features, including Book Shelf — Brief descriptions of the trade paperback. Top 10 Writers and Artists — Lists charting the most popular creators of the month in each category, retired features include Casting Call — A feature proposing the dream cast for potential film adaptations of various comic books. Last Man Standing — A dream faceoff between two different characters or teams, always of different companies and/or universes, the feature would detail a brief showdown between the two, including the victor and would be accompanied by an exclusive illustration depicting the battle. In addition, both Wizard and ToyFare often featured mail-away offers for exclusive merchandise, Wizard began a practice of producing specially offered Wizard #1/2 issues

Wizard (magazine)
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Cover of issue #235, the final issue.

49.
Justice League: Cry for Justice
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Justice League, Cry for Justice is a seven-issue comic book limited series, written by James Robinson, drawn by Mauro Cascioli, and published by DC Comics in 2009. It follows the adventures of a spin-off Justice League, led by Justice League veterans Green Lantern and Green Arrow, and composed of Starman, Congorilla, Freddy Freeman, the Atom, and Supergirl. They are seeking a more proactive stand for seeking justice following the apparent deaths of long-standing Justice League members Batman and Martian Manhunter during the Final Crisis event, James Robinson and Mauro Cascioli announced that they would be starting a new Justice League series at Wizard World LA2008. Robinson stated that series would be about justice and seeking justice, rather than responding to emergencies, letting the problems come to them. Robinson revealed that the team would be together by a murder. Robinson explained that, Hal Jordan decides that he wants a pro-active team and this team will go after the equivalent of the FBIs most wanted list, sometimes in different countries, sometimes through time. Its a nice eclectic team of established teams and some oddball characters Ive thrown in and he also said that, The difference is, the Justice League of America is all about the League, its a family. Its all about bringing in the bad guys and it was later announced, in an interview with Robinson, that the planned on-going series would be changed to a seven-issue mini-series, the first issue of which went on sale July 1,2009. In Final Crisis, Requiem, Hal Jordan and Oliver Queen contemplate the implications of having Jonns killer run free, writer Peter Tomasi confirms this, explicitly saying that, Jonns death will have repercussions. When the rage and anger is channeled by some of the big guns, in Justice League of America vol. 2, #31, Hal and Oliver have a disagreement with Black Canary, Ray Palmer and Ryan Choi team up to beat Killer Moth for information about the theft of some of Rays technology. After being tortured by Palmer, Killer Moth reveals that the person who hired him was Prometheus, Starman is distraught over the death of his boyfriend, Tony, who died when a group of villains attacked S. T. A. R. In Africa, Congorilla mourns the loss of his tribe and the death of Freedom Beast, Starman and Congorilla meet and decide to find Shade. In Central City, Jay Garrick meets up with the Atom, Green Lantern and Green Arrow defeat a group of villains that includes Prometheus, and are joined by Ray Palmer, Shazam, and Supergirl. Green Lantern, Green Arrow, and Ray proceed to question Prometheus and they realize they have fallen into a trap just as a bomb goes off. At his headquarters, the real Prometheus brags to I. Q. that he has a plan in mind larger than his foes realize, Prometheus also revels at having killed members of the Global Guardians, Tasmanian Devil, Gloss, and Sandstorm. Freddy Freeman manages to save the others from Clayfaces bomb, deciding they need help, they go to the Justice League of America. Jay Garrick races home to find the Shade waiting to speak to him, Congorilla and Starman seek out Animal Man for help

50.
Titans Tower
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Titans Tower is a fictional building in the DC Comics universe. Its various incarnations have been home to the team called the Titans. Although the location and actual look of the tower has changed throughout the series, there are a few defining characteristics. The first tower was built by Cyborgs father, Dr. Silas Stone and it was sited on an island in the East River, New York City. This tower was used as the headquarters for the team throughout The New Teen Titans, at one point, it was destroyed by Trigon, but rebuilt to Dr. Stones design with some enhancements. It was eventually and ultimately destroyed by the Wildebeest Society in New Titans #76, because the Titans had fallen out of favor with the local authorities, the tower was not rebuilt. The second tower was built in the location by Cyborg himself in the JLA/Titans miniseries. It was not a tower, but a hologram, with the real headquarters far beneath the ground. This was done to confuse supervillains and to them from attacking the real base. It was the base during the 1999–2002 Titans series, before being destroyed by a villain named Epsilon. This incarnation of the team disbanded before the headquarters could be rebuilt, the current Titans Tower is located in San Francisco. It was again designed by Cyborg, and was built by the city council and this tower resembles Frank Lloyd Wrights masterpiece Fallingwater. The outside of the features a sculpture commemorating the founders of the Titans, Robin, Kid Flash, Aqualad, Wonder Girl. While the sculpture appeared to crumble in Infinite Crisis #5, Teen Titans vol,3, #33 depicted the sculpture still standing. The current tower houses a memorial for fallen Titans and it contains statues of almost all of the dead Titans, including those who had served with the team very briefly. However, it did not include Phantasm, Gnaark or Jason Todd,3, #29, Jason Todd entered Titans Tower and fought Tim Drake, the current Robin. The fight spread throughout the tower and eventually led to Jason finding the memorial, angered at himself not having a statue, he destroyed Donna Troys statue. In issue #30, Jerichos statue was destroyed likewise, ironically, both of these characters had returned from the dead in one way or another since the current series began