Hampden Park in Glasgow is Scotland's national stadium, and has a long history going back to 1873 over three incarnations, with the current stadium being inaugurated by its owners, Queen's Park FC, in 1903. What few people realise, however, is that there was another sports stadium called Hampden Park in existence long before the Scottish one was thought of, in fact before Queen's Park was even founded: it opened way back in 1853 in Springfield, Massachusetts. It was laid out by the Hampden Agricultural Society and had a long and varied history as host to baseball, bicycling and horse racing, not to mention a mustering site for the American Civil War. You can see what it looked like in the fine colour engraving above, which was produced by the Springfield Bicycle Club in 1886 to promote a championship meeting at the ground. Around 1940 it changed its name to Pynchon Park, then in 1966 the grandstand burned to the ground in a mysterious fire. That was the end for the stadium and the site is now a car park for an industrial estate; you can see more photos and background at this link and also read about its history here. The common link between the American version and the Glasgow stadium is that they both ultimately owe their name to the English patriot John Hampden, although by different routes. In Connecticut, Hampden County was established around the town of Springfield in 1812, so it was a natural choice of name for the owners. In Glasgow, however, a terraced row of houses was named Hampden Terrace by the builder George Eadie around 1870 (he himself lived in Hampden Park Villa), and when Queen's Park built their football ground overlooked by this new street they simply decided to name their ground after the nearest set of buildings. While the choice of an English statesman may seem strange for a Glasgow suburban street, this was not Eadie's only such choice: the east end of Hampden Terrace was originally called Cobden Place, after the Liberal politican Richard Cobden.

Hampden Park (on left) laid out next to the Connecticut River in Springfield, in an 1866 map.

As the first Scots-born Olympic gold medallist, Sandy Hall has outstanding credentials to be a national sporting icon. Yet this prolific goalscorer from Peterhead remains unheralded in his native land - because his greatest achievement came with a Canadian team. The son of a whale fisherman, Alexander Noble Hall was brought up near Peterhead harbour but spurned the sea to earn his living by cutting granite. The hard physical work kept him fit and he played centre forward for his home town team, but there were few signs of the glory to come, an Aberdeenshire Cup final being a rare highlight. That would all change when the young man travelled to Canada in 1901 in search of adventure, picking up work on construction projects. After a couple of years his stonecutting took him to Galt, west of Toronto, a small nondescript town which just happened to have the top football team in Ontario. With the added ingredient of Hall’s goals, the Galt eleven would achieve an extraordinary triumph: Olympic gold. The 1904 Olympiad in St Louis was the first where medals were awarded in association football, the winners recognised by the International Olympic Committee even though the competition was limited to just three teams from two countries. Galt defeated the University of Toronto for the right to represent Canada, then headed south to Missouri in exuberant fashion on the Grand Trunk Railway. They were backed by 50 supporters, including the town’s mayor, who paid $10.70 each for the round trip on a special train decked in red and white. Hall, the only non-Canadian in the eleven, scored a hat-trick in the opening match on 16 November, as Galt thrashed Christian Brothers College 7-0; the following day they defeated St Rose Parish 4-0. Without conceding a goal against these two local sides, the Galt players were duly declared Olympic football champions and trooped off to the Department of Physical Culture to be presented with gold medals. One of those precious prizes, won by fellow forward Fred Steep, is now on show at the Canadian Soccer Hall of Fame.

Galt's 1904 gold medal winners (pictures courtesy canadasoccer.com)

Until then, the only athlete with Scottish connections to have won an Olympic title was strongman Launceston Elliot in 1896, but he was born in India and brought up in England. Sandy Hall thus became Scotland’s first home-grown Olympic winner, and to this day remains our only footballer (the Great Britain gold medal teams of 1908 and 1912 were all English). Yet when Hall returned home a year later, his Olympian status counted for little, and after a trial with Aberdeen reserves he picked up again for Peterhead in local amateur football. There the story might have ended but he was spotted by Edinburgh side St Bernard’s, who liked his direct bustling style, and they offered him the chance to play professionally. He made a sensational start to his senior career at the age of 25, scoring a hat-trick against Dumbarton, and his goals in 1906/07 were a major factor in Saints winning the second division championship. This scoring prowess brought him to the notice of bigger clubs, and there was none bigger than Newcastle United, who had just clinched the English first division title. They paid £200 to take him to Tyneside in 1907, and again he made an immediate impression with ten goals in three end-of-season tour games in Germany; but when it came to the rigours of the Football League he made little headway and played just six times, scoring twice. United were happy to sell him to Dundee before the season was out. Again he made an early impact, netting a cup double against Aberdeen on his debut, but Hall was used only sparingly as cover for Dundee’s established forward line, and had to be content with banging in the goals for the reserves. His chance to shine eventually came in the 1909-10 season with an extended run at centre forward, replacing first the ageing John ‘Sailor’ Hunter then George Langlands. Hall scored a hat-trick that saw off Motherwell in the Scottish Cup quarter-final; but after failing to find the net in the semi he was dropped for the final, cruelly missing out on Dundee’s epic cup victory over Clyde. He played his part nonetheless, as a fixture backlog forced Dundee to play 12 games in April, and he turned out in several league matches to keep the stars fresh for the final. There was no medal, but Hall’s role as understudy was acknowledged with a place in the cup-winning squad photo. No sooner had the season ended than he was off to Portsmouth, where he was offered work as a stonecutter, but he failed to settle with just three goals as his team finished bottom of the Southern League. He returned to Scotland with Motherwell, ironically signed by their new manager John Hunter, who had taken Hall’s place in Dundee’s cup final team, but failed to find the net even once. While playing success eluded him, Hall hit the headlines for a different reason in the summer of 1912 while visiting his mother in Peterhead. Hearing shouts that a boy was drowning, he ran down the harbour embankment, shed his clothes, and swam out against a strong current to save 5-year-old Alick McKenzie. Both the Carnegie Hero Fund and the Royal Humane Society recognised his bravery.

Sandy Hall's citation from the Carnegie Hero Fund

Back to the football, he joined Dunfermline, who had just been elected to the second division and needed experience up front. Hall rewarded their confidence with a Fife Cup victory in his first match and scored 18 league goals in his debut season. Also working as groundsman, he was into his third campaign with the Pars when war intervened and he signed up as an artillery gunner, travelling to the front to bombard the Germans. In a letter home, published in the Dunfermline Journal, he complained about squalid conditions and weak beer: “You can get a dozen into you and still belong to a temperance lodge”. It was a tough existence and within months he became so seriously ill that he was sent home, suffering from rheumatic fever. The war inadvertently revealed that his family life was quite a tangle: years earlier, Hall had taken up with an unmarried mother, Elizabeth Gibson, and they had three sons but each time lied on the birth certificates that they were married; in fact they only tied the knot late in 1915, perhaps with the realisation that there would be dire financial consequences for her in the event of his death. As it happened, he survived unscathed and after demob in 1919 was still fit enough to embark on a football swansong at home in Peterhead, coaching and playing well into his forties. However, while he won another winner’s medal in the Aberdeenshire Charity Cup, the episode ended in farce in 1923 when most of his team refused to play Aberdeen in a Scottish Cup tie. They were upset at the club’s decision to sell ground rights, and Hall led out a hastily-assembled makeshift eleven who suffered a record-breaking 13-0 thrashing at Pittodrie. It may have been a factor in his decision that summer to emigrate to Toronto with his family, this time for good. As Sandy Hall faded into distant memory, his death in Canada in 1943 went almost unnoticed in Scotland, even in his native Aberdeenshire. Yet the first Scots-born Olympic gold medal winner retains a unique place in our sporting history, and deserves to be remembered as a local hero in the truest sense of the word.