imagery/figurative language- compare: her face lit up like gasoline catching fire or her face lit up like the bright lights of a stage

syntax – short, choppy sentences may make a voice may sound blunt whereas long, fluid one may create a more caring, compassionate attitude

choice of detail (what goes in-how much-and what doesn't)

*All of the above are used to create tone in a work, and the tone affects a character’s/writer's voice.How does a writer create tone?the author’s attitude/emotion toward a subject or story; tone is an element of voice

Mood: the effect of the writer’s attitude/emotion on the reader; tone creates moodVoice Tools: ToneSyntaxVoice Tools:Diction

DetailsHow would you describe these voices?

Example 1: I love the heady cruelty of spring. The cloud shows in the first weeks of the season are wonderfully adolescent: "I'm happy!" "I'm mad, I'm brooding." "I'm happy--now I'm going to cry ..." The skies and the weather toy with us, refusing to let us settle back down into the steady sleepy days and nights of winter.

Example 2: I believe I have some idea of how the refugee feels, or the immigrant. Once, I was thus, or nearly so . . . And all the while I carried around inside me an elsewhere, a place of which I could not speak because no one would know what I was talking about. I was a displaced person, of a kind, in the jargon of the day. And displaced persons are displaced not just in space but in time; they have been cut off from their own pasts. ... If you cannot revisit your own origins--reach out and touch them from time to time--you are for ever in some crucial sense untethered.

Example 3: Privacy in the workplace is one of the more troubling personal and professional issues of our time. But privacy cannot be adequately addressed without considering a basic foundation of ethics. We cannot reach a meaningful normative conclusion about workplace privacy rights and obligations without a fundamental and common understanding of the ethical basis of justice and a thorough understanding of individual and organizational concerns and motivations.Personas:Old-fashioned southern belle or gentlemenGrandmother or grandfatherSmall childEmo-middle schoolerBritish rockstar

Choose a scenario: Your character is in the airport...(1) His/Her flight has been delayed two hours.(2) He/She has been bumped up to first class

Write a short paragraph in his or her voice reacting to this news.

Be sure to use distinct diction, detail, imagery, and syntax in your paragraph to produce your character's voice.Practice Tuning VoiceSome Six-trait rubrics describe a writer’s voice as being distinct: “as individual as fingerprints.”Just as we can describe the personalities of our friends, as readers we can describe the personality of a piece of writing.In many ways, a person can be identified by his/her voice alone.Voice=PersonalityStyle vs. VoiceImageryToneNow, think if you had to do the same thing, but in your own voice. What nuances of your personality (word choices, detail, description/imagery, and syntax) would shine through the text?So . . . Tonight, get started on your TIB essay (about 1/2 page, or 1-2 paragraphs). Be able to show me your work on a laptop tomorrow in class. We will have some workshop time.

As you write, be hyper-aware of how you are conveying your voice (personality) through your diction, details, syntax, imagery, and finally, what tone your piece is written (what emotion do you have regarding the subject? what mood do you want to create for your readers?)Fine-Tuning Voice and Tonein your writing