Edmund
de la Pole, earl of Suffolk and his brothers, the earl of Lincoln and lord
William de la Pole were Yorkist heirs.Edmund, William, James Tyrell and William Courtenay, son of the
earl of Devon were proclaimed traitorsby Henry VII - Tyrell was executed.

Yorkist
heirs:

(A)
Margaret Beauchamp = (1) Sir John St. John > Edith St. John = Sir
Geoffrey Pole of Medmenham > Reginald Pole = Margaret Plantagenet,
Duchess of Salisbury, d. of the Duke of Clarence exec. with her brother
Edward earl of Warwick by Henry VIII.

(B)
William de la Pole > John de la Pole (betrothed to Margaret Beaufort
who was his father's ward) = Elizabeth Plantagenet, Edward IV's sister.He fled to Burgundy to the court of Richard III's sister Margaret
and died inthe Lambert
Simnel's uprising, his younger brother was executed by Henry VIII who also
executed th earls of Exeter, Surrey, Buckingham, Montagu (all Yorkist
heirs) and Richard III's illegitimate son John of Gloucester.

The
Winters may have been retainers of the Staffords, dukes of Buckingham and
Gloucester who were lords of Brecon.Benedict Wynter appears amongst the burgesses in the charter of the
borough by the first Stafford, duke of Buckingham in 1448 and Andrew
Wynter, Sheriff of Brecon in 1553 was the last bailiff under the duke of
Buckingham.

The
first lord of Brecon was Bernard of Neufmarche, Newmarch or Novo Mercatu,
said to be William the Conqueror's half-brother called Pancewolt through
his mother Herleva ("frater
uterinus")held land
near Bath called Dunkerton from Thurstin fitzRolf, Gillingham in Dorset,
Hildesley in Gloucester, the manor of Froxfield in Sussex and Lundy
Island.In 1088 he took part
in a rebellion against William Rufus led by Odo, Bishop of Bayeux with
Ralph Mortimer and Roger de Lacy, ravaging Worcester and Herefordshire.He married Nest or Agnes, daughter of Osbern fitzRichard of
Richard's Castle by his wife Nest, daughter of Gruffyd ap Llywelyn ap
Seisyll, Prince of North Wales.Seisyll
was killed in 1063 by Harold and Tostig Godwinson.Newmarch was witness to a charter of William the Conqueror dated
1086-7 in favour of Battle Abbey which he signed "Bernardus
de Novo Mercatu".He
captured Brecon from Bleddyn ap Maernarch in 1092 and held it till 1125.Giraldus Cambrensis (Gerald de Barry, archdeacon of Brecon) in "Itinerary
of Wales" wrote of him in 1188.

He
said:the county of Brecknock was divided into 3 cantrefs.They were called Selyf, Tewdos & Einon after the sons of
Einon ap Gruffyd ab Elise.

Bernard
de Neufmarche to conquer Brecknock.He
married Nest, daughter of another Nest (wife of Osbern fitzRichard and
daughter of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, the Welsh tyrant.She was named Nest after her mother but the English called her
Agnes.

Bernard
had children by her, one was Mahel, a distinguished knight, who lost his
inheritance through injustice.His
mother fell in love with a certain knight and committed adultery with him.When this became known, her son Mahel beat up her lover one night
as he left his mother.He
gave him a beat him badly, mutilated him and sent him off in disgrace.His mother, disturbed by the great uproar which followed was
greatly grieved and filled with a burning wish for vengeance.

She
fled to the Englihs king Henry I and told him maliciously that Mahel was
not Bernard's child but another's with whom she had been secretly in love
and committed adultery.She
swore an oath in person before the whole court, saying this story was
true.

Through
this perjury, King Henry, swayed more by prejudice than reason, gave
Nest's elder daughter (Sybil), whom she said was Bernard's daughter, in
marriage to his own kinsman, a distinguished young knight named Milo
fitzWalter, constable of Gloucester, giving him Brecknock as a dowry.Milo was made earl of Hereford by Heny's daughter, Matilda, the
Empress.By his wife Milo
fathered a distinguished family, amongst whom were 5 sons, all of famous
knights named Roger, Walter, Henry, William and Mahel, each of of whom
succeeded their father except William.They all died, leaving no issue and every one of them met an
untimely death by some extraordinary vengeance or by misfortune,

Walter,
Constable of England was son of Roger de Pitres.The Empress Matilda (who landed at Arundel on 30.9.1139) revived
the earldom of Hereford for Milo fitzWalter in 1141.He was accidentally shot by an arrow on 24.12.1143 when
hunting in the Forest of Dean.Of
his 5 sons Roger died in 1155, Walter was last traced as living in 1159,
Henry was killed in Gwent by Seisyll ap Dyfnwal in 1175, William did not
live to succeed and Mahel was killed in 1175 in Bronllys Castle when a
stone fell on his head during a fire.

The
youngest brother, Mahel was Milo's last heir.He was more notorious for his great cruelty than than all the
others.He was so determined
to harm David II, Bishop of St. Davids (David fitzGerald, Gerald de
Barry's uncle) and to land and retainers under his control, that David was
compelled to abandon his jurisdiction over Brecknockshire and to go into
exile, first to other parts of his diocese and then to England.

One
day when Mahel was being entertained by Walter de Clifford (died 1190, son
of Walter fitzPons) in Bronllys Castre when the building burned down by
accident.A stone, falling
from the main tower, struck Mahel a mortal blow on his head.He immediately sent messengers to the Bishop to asking to return
quickly."Oh
father!" he lamented "holy
Bishop, your saint has exacted a cruel vengeance!He did not wait for my repentance, miserable sinner that I
am.He has lost no time in
causing my death and destruction."He died bewailing his fate with tears and lamentation.He died in miserably before completeing the first year of his
rule.

(+)
possibly a pre-Conquest Celtic earl as Robert of Mortain, William I's
half-brother was given Cornwall after 1066 - he conspired against William
II "Rufus"
and was captured.His son
William of Mortain, a supporter of Robert of Normandy, was captured by
Henry I, blinded and imprisoned.He
was released in 1118 and became a monk in 1140 (during Stephen's reign).

Alternatively
Candor was a Breton as Vannes is in the canton of Morbihan in Brittany
which was re-colonised from Cornwall in the 6th century and still retains
Gaelic.Cornuailles is an ancient county in the west ofi Brittany
with its capital at Quimper.

According
to a Castlecombe Cartulary he was Reginald fitzHenry, 2nd earl
of Cornwall, illegitimate son of Henry I.

Hugo
de Dunstanville at Conquest in 1066 > Reginald or Robert de
Dunstanville (temp. Henry I) buried at Tewkesbury = Adeliza, d. of
Humphrey de Insula (de Lisle or Lille) > Reginald de Dunstanville (d.
1157 at Castleacre, buried at Tewkesbury) = Adeliza or Alicia, d. of
Reginald, 2nd son ofEarl
Warenne of Surrey >:

Reginald,
acknowledged son of King Henry I, 2nd earl of Cornwall since the Conquest
and baron of Castlecombe by gift of his father, on whom moreover king
Stephen of England conferred the earldom of Devon.He accepted as his concubine Beatrice de Vannes.When he died, Beatrice married William Brewer, known in English as
William at the Heath, baron and lord of Torbay, whose offspring was
another William and 4 or 5 daughters who were his co-heiresses.Earl Reginald died in 1175 and was buried at Reading.All the land he held, in England as well as in Normandy and Wales,
was taken into the hands of King Henry II at the instigation of his
youngest son John, except a small portion which was given to Henry
fitzCount who died without heirs in Gascony.Earl Reginald's daughters (1) Hawise married Richard of
Redvers, earl of Devon and lord of the Isle of Wight, (2) Matilda married
Robert, Count Mellent, son of Waleran and (3) Ursula married Walter de
Dunstanville, baron of Castlecombe.

Reynold
de Dunstanville, father of Reynold died on 3.4. 2 Henry II (1148) and was
buried at Tewkesbury and his wife, daughter of Reynold, 2nd son of
William, earl Warenne died on 3.5. 4 Henry II (1150) and was buried near
Tewkesbury.Some say he was buried at Castleacre which his brother
founded.And Isabella, wife
of Reynold junior, daughter of Raymond count of Toulouse (son of John,
Count of Toulouse), mother of Walter, was drowned near Rochester in 3
Henry II (1147) and was buried in a monastery there and her husband diedthe followingyear at
Wilton.

In
1214 Walter, 2nd baron Dunstanville, obtained Heytesbury from his father
Reginald (d. 1185).He joined
the Magna Carta rebels and his lands were forfeit to King John who
bestowed Combe, Brocton and Heytesbury upon Geoffrey and Oliver de
Buteville.After king John died, the lands were restored to Dunstanville.Walter de Dunstanville, 3rd baron, held lands in Shropshire and
helped Hamon le Strange to defend the Marches and troops were summoned to
Hertford and Ludlow to resist the Welsh.Walter died in 1270 seised of Heytesbury.

His
daughter and heiress Petronilla married Robert, son of Peter de Montfort
(d. 4.8.1265 at Battle of Evesham) one of the Montfortian rebels barons at
Lewes.Peter's wife was
Alice, daughter of Henry de Aldithley or Audley of Stafford by whom he had
3 sons, Peter, William and Robert to whom he gave lands in Rutland.Peter de Montfort was descended from Hugh de Montfort named "with the beard" who fought at Hastings and whose
descendants held Beaudesert.

William
de Montfort (son of Robert and Petronilla) married his step-sister
(daughter of Sir John de la Mare, his step-father).Peter de la Mare held Offley, Hertfordshire at the Conquest.This family also held Steeple Langton, Knavewell, Langley and Leigh
in Wiltshire (near Castlecombe).In
1277 and 1282 John de la Mare fought against Llywelyn.He held Heytesbury in 1250-1272 during the reign of Henry III.

Reginald
fitzRoy de Dunstanville, earl of Cornwell and Robert de Dunstanville were
witnesses to a grant made by Henry II to Thomas a'Becket.FitzRoy and Robert "Blanchemains",
earl of Leicester summoned Becket to court and fitzRoy was involved in
Becket's murder.

In
1173 fitzRoy and Richard de Lucy, the Justiciar burned Leicester which had
revolted against the king.FitzRoy
and his brother Robert of Gloucester (the king's two uncles) defeated the
earl of Leicester who took up arms on behalf of the king's son Henry (d.
1175 at Chertsey and buried at Reading).

The
earl of Cornwall left 4 daughters and 2 illegitimate sons named Henry
fitzCount and William.Henry
fitzCount was granted the earldom of Cornwall by King John but this was
forfeited later (4 Henry II - 1150).FitzCount died shortly afterwards.Burbage was held by Walter de Dunstanville of the Honour of
Wallingford whose lord was Brian fitzCount; he and Dunstanville fought on
the side of Queen Maud/Matilda.

According
to William of Worcester earl Reginald fitzRoy's arms were "argent, 2 lions or within a bordure bezanty".Other authorities say they were
"gules, a lion passant guardant or, with a baton or bendlet sinister
azure."

William
de Wyntershull (Wintershill) was witness to a charter of Henry III dated
27.5.1270 (xxvii die Maii anno
Liiiito Regis Henrici Tertii) in connection with Castlecombe.Other witnesses were William de Valence, earl of Pembroke
described as "fratre nostro"
(he was the king's half-brother through their mother Isabella of Angoulême,
widow of king John who married secondly Hugh le Brun of Lusignan, Count de
la Marche), Philip Bassett and Robert Waleran (castellan of St. Briavels
who gave his share of Dyrham to his brother-in-law - they had married 2
Russell heiresses).

The
families of Winter and Wintershull or Wintershill of Winter's Hall, Surrey
may have been related, they also had had common descent.

The
Wintershills inherited the manor of Bramley, Surrey which eventually went
to the Winters of Wych and one member of this family, John Winter, was
Fastolf's steward at Castlecombe where a colony of Flemings had been
settled.

Castlecombe
passed eventually to Sir John Fastolf through his wife Millicent Scrope
(nee Tiptoft).

Richard
Scrupe or fitzScrob, a pre-Conquest Norman came to England with Emma, d.
of Richard of Normandy, wife of Ethelred "the
Unready".Scrope held Richard's Castle & manors in Worcestershire,
Herefordshire and Shropshire which was named Scropes Scire and Shrewbury
Scropes Byri after him.He
subdued Edric the Wild in 1067 and was favourite of Edward "the
Confessor"
> Osbern fitzRichard le Scrope = Agnes or Nest, d. of Gruffydd ap
Llywelyn ap Seisyll (killed during theWesh campaign of Harold and Tostig Godwinson in 1063) >:

1.
Nest le Scrope = Bernard Newmarch, lord of Brecon.

2.
Simon le Scrope (cousin of Gilbert de Gand, earl of Lincoln) held
fitzRichard's lands at

Fastolf's
steward ath Castlecombe was John Winter of Castel Mayett and Wych.

The
families of Fastolf and Winter may have been connected for some time.Thomas Fastolf (d. 1361, bur. Carmarthen), archdeacon of Norwich
and Bishop of St. Davids, shared the advowson of Llanwllni with Walter
Winter, archdeacon of Carmarthen in 1330.Another Hugh Fastolf was mayor of London in 1387.

The
Fastolfs and Winters may even have been connected by marriage with other
Norfolk families.Hugh
Fastolf (1445) and his wife Katherine Bedingfield (1478) have a brass at
Oulton, Suffolk.A century or
so later John Winter of Barningham Winter (Will dated 28.9.1558) married
Catherine, daughter of Philip Bedingfield of Ditchingham.

John
Fastolf belonged to the Guild of St. George at Norwich.An inventory was made at the cathedral church of the Blessed
Trinity, Norwich of the goods and jewels which belonged to the guild
amongst which was "a
precious relique, one angell (of) silver and guylt berying the arme of
Seynt George which was given to the seid fraternite by John
Fastolf, knight."This
guild or company increased so much that they lent the city £100 or £150.

In
the reign of Henry V and Henry VI had amongst its members Sir Brian
Stapleton1, Sir John
Fastolf, Sir Thomas Erpingham, Sir Thomas Morley, William de la Pole,
earl of Suffolk, Lord Bardolf and his wife Joan, William Paston the king's
chief justice, Sir John Hevenyngham2, Edmund
Winter of Barningham Winter & Eggemere, John fitzRalph, John
Bacon, Christopher Strange, William Paston and William Roos, esquires, Dr
John Kenningham, Prior of the Carmelites, John Heydon3, Simon
Felbrigge, William Spelman, John Taseburgh4 and others.

1Leonard
Stepleton = Joyce Cooksey as 3rd husband.Her sister Elizabeth or Cecily was ancestress of the Winters of
Huddington.

4the
Tasburghs of the 1700s were related to Frances neé Napier or Napper, wife
of Sir CharlesWinter of Lydney.

In
1314 Gilbert, earl of Clare (Badlesmere's nephew) was commander of the
king's forces in the Forest of Dean against Llywelyn Brea.

Bartholomew
Badlesmere held Heytesbury which was granted to Despencer when Badlesmere
was executed as his wife refused Queen Isabella (wife of Edward II) entry
into Leeds Castle, Kent.When
the Despencers fell from grace, the lands were granted to Badlesmere's
widow who also had rents in West Greenwich, Rotherhithe and Camberwell.His son Giles Badlesmere was granted Heytesbury West Court by
Edward II and it passed to Henry de Burghersh, bishop of Lincoln(his cousin) whose mother was Bartholomew's sister.Heytesbury East Court remained with Giles and was assigned to Lord
de Roos and Margery his wife (Giles's sister and co-heiress).

The
lordship of Heytesbury may have been claimed by the Hungerfords because
Eleanor, daughter of Sir John Berkeley of Beverstone, widow of John, earl
of Arundel and Maltravers (d. 1421) married (2) Walter, lord Hungerford of
Heytesbury to whom Thomas Cromwell granted Heytesbury.

The
Bassets were closely connected with Castlecombe.Thomas and Alan Bassett offered 500 marks for the wardship of the
de Dunstanville heir but it was granted to William Briwerre (Brewer) for
300 marks.This was later
cancelled and Gilbert Bassett paid 500 marks for the same.The Bassetts were nephews of the heir's father, the first Walter de
Dunstanville whose sister Adeliza married Thomas Bassett, lord of Hedendon
(Headington) Oxfordshire, one of the king's justices itinerant.Dunstanville gave Winterbourne Bassett to Alan Bassett (brother of
Thomas and Gilbert Bassett) and Geoffrey fitzPiers or fitzPeters, earl of
Essex and William Marshall, earl of Pembroke were witnesses to the deed
which Richard I confirmed in 1197 at Chinon.Fulk Bassett, son of Alan, held Compton Bassett of Walter de
Dunstanville during the reign of Henry I.Alan died without heirs as did his elder brother Gilbert.Philip Bassett who inherited, fought on the king's side at Lewes.

In
the Testa de Neville or Book of Fees, Fulk Bassett and Reginald de Mohun
are listed as having held Compton Bassett for a knight's fee from Walter
de Dunstanville, lord of Castlecombe.

The
Mohuns were lords of Dunster, Somerset, another clothmaking area with a
settlement of Flemings and William II, lord of Dunster married Agnes de
Gand (Ghent).Reginald I de
Mohun. lord of Dunster, Somerset married Alice, daughter of William
Briwerre (Brewer) and his son Reginald II de Mohun was ward of Henry
fitzCount, son of the Earl of Cornwall, then of William Briwerre.Reginald II married as his second wife, Isabel (d.1260), daughter
of William Ferrars of Derby, widow of Gilbert Bassett.Reginald de Mohun II's son John Mohun (d. 1279) married Eleanor
FitzPiers, their son John was husband of Ada, daughter of Robert Tiptoft.

The
family of Gand or Ghent were Flemish aristocrats, hereditary advocates of
St. Peter's Abbey, Ghent and descendants of Charlemagne.

Fig.
68
- Ghent, Alost & Flanders

Wickman,
count of Hamaland and Ghent, uncle of emperor Otto I the Great = Luitgard,
d. of count Arnulf I of Flanders > son (d. 962 AD) possibly Baldwin
> Ralph, lord of Alost (1031-52) = Gisela (+), d. of count of
Luxembourg > Baldwin I of Alost >:

a.
Baldwin II of Alost "the
Fat" (d.
Nicaea 1097) >.Baldwin III of Alost died in 1127 in

Flanders > d.
Beatrice.

b.
Ralph, chamberlain to Count of Flanders.

c.
Ragenfridus.

d.
Gilbert de Ghent at Conquest, earl of Lincoln (his great aunt Adele =
Baldwin of

Boulogne,
grandfather of Eustace al Gernons II who was at Conquest) = Alice, d. of

Ghent
obsp in 1297 = Lora de Baliol whose kinswoman Ada, sister of King John

Baliol = William de Lindsay of Lamberton in
1266.

4. Robert de Gand.

5. Ralph de Gand, Limesi
or Lindsay, chamberlain of Flanders.

6. Henry de Gand
(ancestor of Erskines of Scotland).

7. Emma de Gand &
others.

8. Agnes de Gand =
William I de Mohun, lord of Dunster.

9. Alice de Gand = John
de Lacy, lord of Clitheroe & Pontefract, Constable of

Chester, earl of Lincoln
by right of his wife.

(+)
Gisela’s sister Ogive was wife of count Baldwin IV of Flanders >
Baldwin V of Flanders > Matilda > William I of England so Gilbert de
Ghent of Folkingham at Conquest and his brother Baldwin of Alost was first
cousins of Baldwin V of Flanders.

Gibert
of Ghent, lord of Lindsey or Lincoln (younger brother of Baldwin, count of
Alost) was kinsman of Eustace II of Boulogne who great aunt Adele was
Count's grandmother.Gilbert
held 172 manors in Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, Warwickshire,
Derbyshire, Oxfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Northamptonshire,
Leicestershire, Nottingshire, Rutland., Lincolnshire and Yorkshire.His seat was at Folkingham, near Grantham, Lincolnshire.

Gilbert
witnessed a charter dated 1075 of Watten Abbey, Dunkirk.He was put in charge of York with William Malet in 1068 but they
were defeated by the English who killed the whole Norman garrison except
Malet and Gilbert who were led away in chains as prisoners to be ransomed.Gilbert of Ghent was uncle of Hugh and Robert de Montfort who went
on crusade.Gilbert's nephew,
Baldwin II "le Gros"
of Alost who also went on the First Crusade following his kinsman Godfrey
de Bouillon (son of the count of Boulogne) fell at Nicaea in 1097.

The
castellans of Ghent, a cadet branch took Alost arms "sable,
a chief argent." after death in 1166 of last lord of Alost,
Thierry, Dierick or Dirk (son of Ivan who seized the lands of Beatrice,
daughter of Baldwin III of Alost).

A
Ghent descendant Arnold I (who claimed and won county of Guines in 12th
century) had about 13 children, several of whom died in East Anglia and
the East Midlands.The counts
of Ghent and Alost were allied to the Flemish family of Coucy whose
descendant Ingelram de Coucy (son of Arnold III of Guines) married
Christiana, daughter of Sir William Lindsay of Lamberton in 1280.