Note : For a comprehensive bibliography on the place and role of women in ancient Near Eastern societies (regarding writings prior to 2001), see :
Asher-Greve, Julia M., « Women and Gender in Ancient Near Eastern Cultures : Bibliography 1885 to 2001 AD », NIN 3, 2002, p. 33- 114.
See also the general observations of M. Van De Mieroop, « Gender and Mesopotamian History », in Cuneiform Texts and the Writing of History, London, 1999, pp. 138-160.

1993 Studies in the Cuneiform Sources related to Marriage and Matrimonial Property from the First Millenium B.C.E., Bar Ilan University University. Bar Ilan.

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2004 Business and politics under the Persian Empire : the financial dealings of Marduk-nāṣir-apli of the House of Egibi (521-487 B.C.E.). Bethesda, MD: CDL Press.

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2007 “« An Inheritance Division among Judeans in Babylonia from the Early Persian Period (from the Moussaieff Tablet Collection) »”. In M. Lubetski, ed., New Seals and Inscriptions, Hebrew, Idumean, and Cuneiform. Hebrew Bible Monographs.

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2007 “« West Semitics and Judeans Brides in Cuneiform Sources from the 6th century B.C.E. New Evidence from a Marriage Contract from Al-Yahudu ».” AfO Beiheft 51, 198-219

2008 ““Adoptions at Emar: An Outline””. In L. D’alfonso, Cohen, Y. and Sürenhagen, D., ed., The City of Emar among the Late Bronze Age Empires: History, Landscape, and Society. Proceedings of the Konstanz Emar Conference, 25-26.04.2006. AOAT. Münster, pp. 179- 194.

Ben Barak, Z.

1980 “Inheritance of daughters in the Ancient Near East.” Journal of Semitic Studies 25, 22-33.

2008 « Proceedings of the 5 1st Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale held at the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, July 18-22, 2005. » In Studies in ancient oriental civilization no 62, 1 online resource (xi, 434 p.). Chicago, Ill.: Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.

1981 “«Une querelle de famille»”. In, Studies on the Civilization and Culture of Nuzi and the Hurrians (SCCNH) 1, In Honor of Ernest R. Lacheman on His Seventy-fifth Birthday, April 29, 198 1. SCCNH pp. 37-46.

1999 « Depiction of Priests and Priestesses in the Ancient Near East. » Paper presented at the Priest and Officials in the Ancient Near East. Papers of the Second Colloquium on the Ancient Near East « The City and his Life », held at the Middle Eastern Culture Center in Japan (Mitaka, Tokyo), *INVALID FIELD*.

2001 Biblical and pagan societies. Witchcraft and magic in Europe. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Curtis, John

1983 “Late Assyrian Bronze Coffins ”. In, Special Number in Honour of the 75th Birthday of Dr. Richard Barnett. Anatolian Studies. Journal of the British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara London pp. 85-95.

1996 “«Houses and households in Nuzi: The inhabitants, the family and those dependent on it»”. In K. R. V. (éd.), ed., Houses and Househods in Ancient Mesopotamia, Proceedings of the 40th RAI (Leiden, 1993) CRRAI. Istambul, pp. 30 1-308.

1979 “ »Household and Family in Early Mesopotamia. »”. In E. Lipinski, ed., State and Temple Economy in the Ancient near East. Proceedings of the International Conference Organized by the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven from the 10th to the 14th of April 1978,. Leuven, pp. 1-98.

Gelb, Ignace J.; Steinkeller, P. ; Whiting, R. M.

1991 Earliest Land Tenure Systems in the Near East Ancient Kudurrus.OIP 104. Chicago

Geller, Mark J.

1978 “New Sources for the Origin of the Rabbinic Ketubah.” HUCA 49, 227-245.

1981 “«Dowry and Brideprice in Nuzi»”. In, Studies on the Civilization and Culture of Nuzi and the Hurrians (SCCNH) 1, In Honor of Ernest R. Lacheman on His Seventy-fifth Birthday, April 29, 198 1. SCCNH pp. 16 1- 182.

1999 Urbanization and land ownership in the ancient Near East : a colloquium held at New York University, November 1996, and the Oriental Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, May 1997. Peabody Museum bulletin. Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University.

2006 “Marriage, Divorce, and the Prostitute in Ancient Mesopotamia”. In C. A. Faraone and L. McClure, eds., Prostitutes and Courtesans in the Ancient World. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, pp. 2 1-38.

2008 “ »Disentangling the Meaning of the Word lukur in Ur III Times. »”. In P. Michalowski, ed., On the Third Dynasty of Ur: Studies in Honor of Marcel Sigrist. Boston: American Oriental Research, pp. 177- 183.

Skaist, Aaron J.

1963 Studies in Ancient Mesopotamia Family Law Pertaining to Marriage and Divorce. University of Pennsylvania University. Philadelphie.

2008 “The death and Burial of Ishtar-Lamassi in karum Kanish”. In R. J. e. van der Spek, ed., Studies in Ancient Near Eastern World View and Society Presented to Marten Stol on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday, 10 November 2005, and his retirement from the Vrije Universiteit. Amsterdam, pp. 97- 119.

2008 “ »Il Controllo dei Manufatti Tessili a Umma. »”. In F. a. P. Pomponio, M., ed., The Management of Agricultural Land and the Production of Textiles in the Mycenaean and Near Eastern Economy. Napoli, pp. 10 1- 133.

Vita, J. P.

2008 ““The Patriarchal Narratives and the Emar Texts: A New Look at Genesis 3 1””. In D. D’alfonso, Cohen, Y. and Sürenhagen, D., ed., The City of Emar among the Late Bronze Age Empires: History, Landscape, and Society. Proceedings of the Konstanz Emar Conference, 25-26.04.2006. AOAT Münster, pp. 23 1-24 1.

2012 “Freedom and Dependency : Neo-Babylonian Manumission Documents with Oblation and Service Obligations”. In W. Henkelman and al., eds., Extraction and Control : Studies in Honor of Matthew W. Stolper. Chicago: The Oriental Institut of the University of Chicago.

Yamada, M.

forthcoming “On QVO 5-T 2, a Recently Published Emar Text.” Bulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan.

Yaron, R.

1992 ““Zu babylonischen Eherechten”.” ZSS 109, 5 1-99.

Zaccagnini, C.

2003 “«Nuzi»”. In R. Westbrook, ed., A History of Near Eastern Law. Leiden, pp. 565-6 17.

REFEMA is the acronym of a Japanese French research program in ancient history, the purpose of which is to use written sources of the ancient Near East (administrative, legal, economic) to reveal the economic role of women during the "longue durée (IIIrd-Ist millennia BCE) and their place in the "global" economy at that time. During the three millennia of documented ancient Mesopotamian history, it has become clear that women played a fundamental role in the production of goods necessary for everyday life. Nevertheless their role, in some cases, exceeded the simple needs of the family unit and was integrated with the productive activities of large organizations or in commercial channels. Women were also essential for the preservation and transmission of wealth and heritage. While the connection of women with the organization of labour has changed dramatically in contemporary France and Japan, it seems worthwhile to try to examine how, in a very distant past and in a very conservative culture, it is possible to expose and analyze various aspects of the economic role played by women.
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