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The
Psychomanteum "The Glass Spirit Or Ghost
Booth" of Lisa Lee Harp Waugh

By Fritz Helm

A psychomanteum (sometimes spelled
as psychomantium, and often called "mirror
gazing") is a mirrored room, specially
set up to communicate with the spiritual realm.
Reflective objects or surfaces, such as blood
or water, were considered a conduit to the spiritual
world in ancient times. Today Lisa Lee Harp
Waugh has a entire rooom in her covered with
mirrors. The ceiling and the floor also in her
Houston 5th Ward Houston home.

Waugh is a modern day Necromancer
and has practiced these rituals for over 20
years everday of her life. I recently traveled
from my home in Germany to meet the Great American
Necromancer in her home state of Texas. The
word necromancy derives from the Greek (nekrós),
"dead", and (manteía), "divination".

Attempts to communicate with the
dead and other spirits have been documented
back to early human history. One of the most
well-known is the story Witch of Endor, who
was said to have raised the spirit of the deceased
prophet Samuel to allow the Hebrew king Saul
to question his former mentor about an upcoming
battle, as related in the First Book of Samuel
in the Jewish Tanakh.

Mediumship became quite popular in the United
States after the rise of Spiritualism as a religious
movement. Modern Spiritualism is said to date
to the mediumistic activities of the Fox sisters
in New York state 1848. The trance mediums Paschal
Beverly Randolph and Emma Hardinge Britten were
among the most celebrated lecturers and authors
on the subject in the mid 1800s. Mediumship
was also described by Allan Kardec, who coined
the term Spiritism, around 1860 .

After the exposure of the fraudulent use of
stage magic tricks by physical mediums such
as the Davenport Brothers, mediumship fell into
disrepute, although it never ceased being used
by people who believed that the dead can be
contacted.

From the 1930s through the 1990s, as psychical
mediumship became less practiced in Spiritualist
churches, the technique of channelling gained
in popularity, and books by channellers who
related the wisdom of non-corporeal and non-terrestrial
teacher-spirits became best-sellers amongst
believers.

There was once a message given by Jonah, the
entity that speaks through a meduim Hossca Harrison
in Colorado, he came through and said that one
day there would be someone claiming to be a
medium on every streetcorner. Since that statement
someone can sign up for a corispondance course,
to become a channel. Therefore most of the people
out there are fraudulant, however simply because
most are fruads does not disprove this phenomenon.
The concept of channelling goes back before
ancient Greece, the oracles that Socrates talked
to where channels.

However, since the Renaissance, necromancy
has come to be associated more broadly with
black magic and demon-summoning in general,
sometimes losing its earlier, more specialized
meaning. By popular etymology, nekromantia became
nigromancy "black arts", and Johannes
Hartlieb (1456) lists demonology in general
under the heading. Eliphas Levi, in his book
Dogma et Ritual, states that necromancy is the
evoking of aerial bodies (aeromancy).

Waugh's Psychomanteum is a 10x10 room completely
mirrored wall to wall ceiling and floor. The
effect is strange to say the least. Waugh would
not let me enter the room but allowed me to
peer into it. In modern time necromancy is used
as a more general term to describe the art (or
manipulation) of death, and generally implies
a magical connotation. Modern séances,
channeling and Spiritualism verge on necromancy
when the invoked spirits are asked to reveal
future events. Necromancy may also be presented
as sciomancy, a branch of theurgic magic.

Necromancy is extensively practiced in Quimbanda
and is sometimes seen in other African traditions
such as voodoo and in santeria, though once
a person is possessed by a spirit in the yoruba
tradition he cannot rise to a higher spiritual
position such as that of a babalawo, but this
should not be regarded as a modern tradition,
in fact it predates most necromantic practices.
And through this Waugh researched several area's
of occult practices to fully understand what
she was doing.

Mediumship is a practice in religious beliefs
such as Spiritualism, Spiritism, Espiritismo,
Candomblé, Louisiana Voodoo, and Umbanda
which is believed by its adherents to be a form
of communication with spirits. The term "mediumship"
denotes the ability of a person (the medium)
to apparently experience contact with spirits
of the dead, spirits of immaterial entities,
angels, or demons. The medium generally attempts
to facilitate communication between non-mediumistic
people and spirits who may have messages to
share.

A medium may appear to listen to and relate
conversations with spirit voices; go into a
trance and speak without knowledge of what is
being said; allow a spirit to enter their body
and speak through it; relay messages from the
spirits those who wish to contact them with
the help of a physical tool, such as a writing
implement.

Mediumship is also part of the belief system
of some New Age groups. In this context, and
under the name channelling, it refers to a medium
who receive messages from a "teaching-spirit".

In some cultures, mediums (or the spirits working
with them) are believed to be able to produce
physical paranormal phenomena such as materialisations
of spirits, apports of objects, or levitation.

Ectoplasm (paranormal), a physical
substance that supposedly manifests as a result
of "spiritual energy" or "psychic
phenomenon". This makes beings made of
ectoplasm impossible to be seen unless one is
spiritually sensitive.

Ectoplasm (from the Greek ektos,
"outside", + plasma, "something
formed or molded") is a term coined by
Charles Richet to denote a substance or spiritual
energy "exteriorized" by physical
mediums. Ectoplasm is said to be associated
with the formation of ghosts, and hypothesized
to be an enabling factor in psychokinesis.

Since its inception in the field
of spiritualism, the concept of ectoplasm has
escaped to become a staple in popular culture
and fictional supernatural lore. Notable examples
include Noel Coward's 1941 play Blithe Spirit,
and the 1984 film Ghostbusters; in which "ectoplasmic
residue" secreted by ghosts is portrayed
as viscous, cloudy and greenish-white, similar
to nasal mucus, famously referred to in Bill
Murray's line, "He slimed me!"

Ethel Post Parrish sits in The
Spirit Cabinet or " Ghost Booth" producing
ectoplasm to materialize the entity Silver Belle
during a seance under test conditions in the
United States, 1953.

Rituals are concerned with Necromancy, Divination
or preparation of Amulets, Potions or other
devices intended to bring supernatural aid,
to obtaining resources or to deal with other
areas of life. Additionally, the spirit-entities
of this cult provide advice to their followers
to aid in resolving life's problems. In most
respects a gira of Quimbanda will appear pretty
much the same as one of Umbanda, with only a
likely shift in the color preferences, which,
as with most Bantu religious practice in Brazil
and Africa emphasizes red, black and (sometimes)
white, rather than having predominantly white.

Waugh's Room Of Glass

Sometimes described as an "apparition
booth" the psychomanteum dates back to
ancient Greece, where a person would gaze into
a still pool of water. This silent and steady
gazing into a reflective pool would produce
apparitions or visions. In 1958, the Classical
Greek archaeologist, Sotiris Dakaris found accommodation
near the Dodona oracle spoken of by Homer and
Herodotus, where supplicants would wait their
turn at the oracle in complete darkness. An
extensive maze led to a long central apparition
hallway where the experience took place. There
Dakaris found the remnants of a bronze cauldron
ringed with a banister which made it appear
that the people who were seeing the apparitions
would be gazing at the cauldron.

"My gazing psychomanteum
room is set up to optimise psychological effects
such as trance." "You are gazing into
infinity," says Waugh. "The romm is
also wired for sound so anything that is said
or heard is recorded." "The floor
is morrored as well is thw ceilinfg and walls
so when your inside it there is no up or down."
"You are at the very heart, or center of
the Paranormal universe." " Suspended
between life and death and the worlds of the
unknown."

Its key features are low light
or near-darkness, flickering light, and the
mirrors. The dimness represents a form of visual
sensory deprivation, a condition helpful to
trance induction, the undifferentiated colour
without horizon producing the Ganzfeld effect,
a state of apparent "blindness". The
Ganzfeld experiment replicates the conditions
of a psychomanteum where a state of trance may
be induced by a uniform field of vision. In
the way of strobe or flashing light, stimulus
is provided by indirect, moving light in the
psychomanteum. Flickering candles or lamp are
sometimes recommended to induce hallucination.
It is supposed the indeterminate depth of the
mirror’s darkness allows the eyes to relax
and become unfocussed, a state that reduces
alertness.

Mirrored Room Scrying (also called
crystal glass gazing, crystal mirror seeing,
seeing, or mirror peeping) is a magic practice
that involves seeing things psychically in a
medium, usually for purposes of obtaining spiritual
visions and more rarely for purposes of divination
or fortune-telling. The media used are most
commonly reflective, translucent, or luminescent
substances such as crystals, stones, glass,
mirrors, water, fire, or smoke. Scrying has
been used in many cultures as a means of divining
the past, present, or future. Depending on the
culture and practice, the visions that come
when one stares into the media are thought to
come from God, ghosts, spirits, the psychic
mind, the devil, or the subconscious.

At one time a fellow Necromancer
Waugh knew had a mirrored coffin psychomanteum
that they would lay in to communcate with the
dead. Waugh like the idea but decided to make
an entire room in her home as her personal psychomanteum.
" I am not clostrophobic I just felt it
needed to be a larger area then just a box."
States Waugh. Behind the mirrors iis also speakers
that pipe in low level of white noise. Sparing
no expense the room once inside seems to have
no exit or entrance.

Enterting the room totally nude
Waugh lies in the center and falls into a deep
trance she says. And in moments spirits speak
to her audiably. Often they physically manifest
themselves as light or as whole seemingly alive
human beings.

Other Ways To
Scry For Ghosts

Although scrying is most commonly done with
a crystal ball, you can also use any smooth
surface, such as a bowl of liquid, urine, a
pizza pan painted black with india ink filling
it, a crystal, or as expert scryers can, a painted
silver or black thumbnail. Scrying is actively
used by many cultures and belief systems and
is not limited to one tradition or ideology.
However, like other aspects of divination and
parapsychology, it is not supported by mainstream
science as a method of predicting the future
or otherwise seeing events that are not physically
observable.

Dr Raymond Moody, author of the 1981 book about
near death experiences, Life After Life, included
the psychomanteum in his research trialling
300 subjects which he recorded in his 1993 book,
Reunions. Moody viewed the room as a therapeutic
tool to heal grief and bring insight.

Rituals that involve many of the same acts
as scrying in ceremonial magic are also preserved
in folklore form. A formerly widespread tradition
held that young women, gazing into a mirror
in a darkened room (often on Hallowe'en) could
catch a glimpse of their future husband's face
in the mirror — or a skull personifying
Death, if their fate was to die before they
married.

Another form of the tale, involving the same
actions of gazing into a mirror in a darkened
room, is used as a supernatural dare in the
tale of "Bloody Mary". Here, the motive
is usually to test the adolescent gazers' mettle
against a malevolent witch or ghost, in a ritual
designed to allow the scryers' easy escape if
the visions summoned prove too frightening.

The visions that scryers say they see may come
from variations in the medium. If the medium
is water (hydromancy), then the visions may
come from the color, ebb and flow, or ripples
produced by pebbles dropped in a pool. If the
medium is a crystal ball, the visions may come
from the tiny inclusions, web-like faults, or
the cloudy glow within the ball under low light
(e.g. candlelight).

One method of scrying using a crystal ball
involves a self-induced trance. Initially, the
medium serves as a focus for the attention,
removing unwanted thoughts from the mind in
the same way as a mantra. Once this stage is
achieved, the scryer begins a free association
with the perceived images suggested. The technique
of deliberately looking for and declaring these
initial images aloud, however trivial or irrelevant
they may seem to the conscious mind, is done
with the intent of deepening the trance state,
wherein the scryer hears their own disassociated
voice affirming what is seen within the concentrated
state in a kind of feedback loop. This process
culminates in the achievement of a final and
desired end stage in which rich visual images
and dramatic stories seem to be projected within
the medium itself, or directly within the mind's
eye of the scryer, like an inner movie. This
overall process reputedly allows the scryer
to "see" relevant events or images
within the chosen medium. The hand can also
be used as a medium to see the future.

Bomoh is the term for a shaman in Malaysia.
They are also known as dukun. The bomoh's original
role was that of a healer and their expertise
was first and foremost an in-depth knowledge
of medicinal herbs and Malay geomancy. This
was supplemented by Sanskrit mantera (mantras)
owing to the ancient Hindu-Buddhist influence
in the region. Although the word is Malay, there
are bomoh of all religions and races.

Some bomohs use cemeteries to summon spirits
to fulfill requests by supplicants, while others
only deal with a single spirit. It is said that
sometimes the bomoh selects the spirit, while
other times, it is the spirit who selects the
bomoh. Spirits can perform healings, seek missing
persons or even investigate reasons for bad
luck. Spirits can also be used to possess peoples,
cause sickness and miseries and many other bad
things. Bomoh who have a particular religion
may incorporate their religious practices into
their craft.

The bomoh works with rituals and incantations,
or jampi-jampi, which is derived from the verb
menjampi, meaning to cure by magic.

The bomoh's craft remained largely unchanged
even after Islam became dominant until the Islamic
revival in the 1970s and 80s. Bomoh were then
seen as deviant from the Muslim faith because
of their invocation of spirits and the potentially
harmful black magic they practiced. This period
saw a drastic decline in authentic bomoh and
many fraudulent shamans filled the void. As
a result, bomoh are today looked at with suspicion
even though they are still commonly consulted
for medical or personal reasons.

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