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Jekyll and hyde

Jekyll and Hyde Definition: a person with two distinct personalities, one good, the other evil | Bedeutung, Aussprache, Übersetzungen und Beispiele. Merkwürdiger Fall von Dr. Jekyll und Herr Hyde ist der ursprüngliche Titel einer Novelle des schottischen Autors Robert Louis Stevenson, der erstmals Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is the original title of a novella written by the Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson that was first published in

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Jekyll and Hyde noun. Definition of Jekyll and Hyde. First Known Use of Jekyll and Hyde circa , in the meaning defined above. History and Etymology for Jekyll and Hyde Dr.

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Eventually, one of the chemicals used in the serum ran low, and subsequent batches prepared from new stocks failed to work.

Jekyll speculated that one of the original ingredients must have some unknown impurity that made it work.

Realizing that he would stay transformed as Hyde, Jekyll decided to write his "confession". He ended the letter by writing, "I bring the life of that unhappy Henry Jekyll to an end.

Gabriel John Utterson, a lawyer and loyal friend of Jekyll and Lanyon, is the main protagonist of the story. Utterson is a measured and at all times emotionless, bachelor — who nonetheless seems believable, trustworthy, tolerant of the faults of others, and indeed genuinely likable.

Utterson has been close friends with Lanyon and Jekyll. However, Utterson is not immune to guilt, as, while he is quick to investigate and judge the faults of others even for the benefit of his friends, Stevenson states that "he was humbled to the dust by the many ill things he had done".

Whatever these "ill things" may be, he does not partake in gossip or other views of the upper class out of respect for his fellow man.

Often the last remaining friend of the down-falling, he finds an interest in others' downfalls, which creates a spark of interest not only in Jekyll but also regarding Hyde.

He comes to the conclusion that human downfall results from indulging oneself in topics of interest. As a result of this line of reasoning, he lives life as a recluse and "dampens his taste for the finer items of life".

Utterson concludes that Jekyll lives life as he wishes by enjoying his occupation. Utterson is a good, kind, loyal and honest friend to Henry Jekyll.

Dr Jekyll is a "large, well-made, smooth-faced man of fifty with something of a slyish cast", [14] who occasionally feels he is battling between the good and evil within himself, upon leading to the struggle between his dual personalities of Henry Jekyll and Edward Hyde.

He has spent a great part of his life trying to repress evil urges that were not fitting for a man of his stature. He creates a serum, or potion, in an attempt to mask this hidden evil within his personality.

Jekyll has many friends and an amiable personality, but as Hyde, he becomes mysterious and violent. As time goes by, Hyde grows in power.

After taking the potion repeatedly, he no longer relies upon it to unleash his inner demon, i. Eventually, Hyde grows so strong that Jekyll becomes reliant on the potion to remain conscious.

Richard Enfield is Utterson's cousin and is a well known "man about town. He is the person who mentions to Utterson the actual personality of Jekyll's friend, Hyde.

Enfield witnessed Hyde running over a little girl in the street recklessly, and the group of witnesses, with the girl's parents and other residents, force Hyde into writing a cheque for the girl's family.

Enfield discovers that Jekyll signed the cheque, which is genuine. He says that Hyde is disgusting looking but finds himself stumped when asked to describe the man.

A longtime friend of Jekyll's, Hastie Lanyon disagrees with Jekyll's "scientific" concepts, which Lanyon describes as " He is the first person to discover Hyde's true identity Hyde transforms himself back into Jekyll in Lanyon's presence.

Lanyon helps Utterson solve the case when he describes the letter given to him by Jekyll and his thoughts and reactions to the transformation.

When Lanyon witnesses the transformation process and subsequently hears Jekyll's private confession, made to him alone , Lanyon becomes critically ill and later dies of shock.

Poole is Jekyll's butler who has lived with him for many years. Upon noticing the reclusiveness and changes of his master, Poole goes to Utterson with the fear that his master has been murdered and his murderer, Mr Hyde, is residing in the chambers.

Poole serves Jekyll faithfully and attempts to do a good job and be loyal to his master. Yet events finally drive him into joining forces with Utterson to find the truth.

They explore Hyde's loft in Soho and discover evidence of his depraved life. A kind, white-haired old man and a Member of Parliament.

At the time of his death, Carew is 70 years old and is carrying on his person a letter addressed to Utterson, and they find one half of one of Jekyll's walking sticks on his body.

As a result, they later go and investigate in Jekyll's house, but cannot find him; they later enter a house where Hyde has been living and find the other half of the stick in one of Hyde's rooms.

A maid , whose employer Hyde had once visited, is the only person who claims to have witnessed the murder of Sir Danvers Carew.

She states that she saw Hyde murder Carew with Jekyll's cane and his feet. Having fainted after seeing what happened, she then wakes up and rushes to the police, thus initiating the murder case of Sir Danvers Carew.

The novella is frequently interpreted as an examination of the duality of human nature, usually expressed as an inner struggle between good and evil, with variations such as human versus animal, civilization versus barbarism sometimes substituted, the main thrust being that of an essential inner struggle between the one and other, and that the failure to accept this tension results in evil, or barbarity, or animal violence, being projected onto others.

If someone banishes all evil to the unconscious mind in an attempt to be wholly and completely good , it can result in the development of a Mr Hyde-type aspect to that person's character.

In his discussion of the novel, Vladimir Nabokov argues that the "good versus evil" view of the novel is misleading, as Jekyll himself is not, by Victorian standards, a morally good person in some cases.

The work is commonly associated today with the Victorian concern over the public and private division, the individual's sense of playing a part and the class division of London.

Another common interpretation sees the novella's duality as representative of Scotland and the Scottish character.

In this reading, the duality represents the national and linguistic dualities inherent in Scotland's relationship with the wider Britain and the English language, respectively, and also the repressive effects of the Church of Scotland on the Scottish character.

These books were called "shilling shockers" or penny dreadfuls. Initially, stores would not stock it until a review appeared in The Times , on 25 January , giving it a favourable reception.

Within the next six months, close to forty thousand copies were sold. As Stevenson's biographer, Graham Balfour , wrote in , the book's success was probably due rather to the "moral instincts of the public" than to any conscious perception of the merits of its art.

It was read by those who never read fiction and quoted in pulpit sermons and in religious papers. Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, though it had initially been published as a " shilling shocker ," was an immediate success and is one of Stevenson's best-selling works.

Stage adaptations began in Boston and London and soon moved all across England and then towards his home country of Scotland.

The first stage adaptation followed the story's initial publication in Richard Mansfield bought the rights from Stevenson, and worked with Boston author Thomas Russell Sullivan to write a script.

The resulting play added to the cast of characters, and adds some elements of romance to the plot. Addition of female characters to the originally male-centered plot has continued in later adaptations of the story.

The first performance of the play took place in the Boston Museum in May The lighting effects and makeup for Jekyll's transformation into Hyde created horrified reactions from the audience, and the play was so successful that production followed in London.

After a successful ten weeks in London in , Mansfield was forced to close down production. The hysteria surrounding the Jack the Ripper serial murders led even those who only played murderers on stage to be considered suspects.

When Mansfield was mentioned in London newspapers as a possible suspect for the crimes, he shut down production.

There have been numerous adaptations of the novella including over stage and film versions alone. Hulme Beaman illustrated a s edition.

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December Learn how and when to remove this template message. This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. Adaptations of Strange Case of Dr.

Hyde without "The" , for reasons unknown, but it has been supposed to increase the "strangeness" of the case Richard Dury Later publishers added "The" to make it grammatically correct, but it was not the author's original intent.

The story is often known today simply as Dr. Hyde or even Jekyll and Hyde. Retrieved 28 May The Life of Robert Louis Stevenson.

Retrieved 28 December Toronto, Canada Law Book Co. A Literary Life Evil The Shadow Side of Reality.