Oil and Gas Conservation and Its Relevance in Daily Life

HealthHealth advantages are claimed for a number of specific oils such as omega-3 oils, evening primrose oil, olive oil, and coconut oil. Trans fats, often produced by hydrogenating vegetable oils, are known to be harmful to health. Hair

Oil is used on hair to give it a lustrous look. It helps to avoid tangles and roughness to the hair. It also helps the hair to be stabilized and grow faster.[citation needed] See Hair conditioner. Anointing one's head with oil is a ritualistic practice in many countries. Fuel

Almost all oils burn in aerosol form generating heat, which can be used directly, or converted into other forms of fuels by various means. The oil that is pumped from the ground is then shipped via oil tanker to an oil refinery. There, it is converted from crude oil to diesel fuel (petrodiesel), ethane (and other short-chain alkanes), fuel oils (heaviest of commercial fuels, used in ships/furnaces), gasoline (petrol), jet fuel, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas. Electricity generation

Oil and any of its more refined products have been used to create electricity. This can be done by means of a steam engine, or by means of a turbine driven by exhaust gases. A steam engine turns the thermal energy into rotary motion, which can then be transformed into electricity, by means of a generator. In an exhaust gas turbine, the combustion products from burning the fuel expand, thereby turning a turbine. The turbine is coupled to an electrical generator. Lubrication

Due to their non-polarity, oils do not easily adhere to other substances. This makes oils useful as lubricants for various engineering purposes. Mineral oils are more suitable than biological oils, which degrade rapidly in most environmental conditions. Painting

Color pigments can be easily suspended in oil, making it suitable as a supporting medium for paints. The slow drying process and miscibility of oil facilitates a realistic style. This method has been used since the 15th century. Petrochemicals

Crude oil can be processed into petroleum; "petrochemicals" are chemical products made from raw materials of petroleum or other hydrocarbon origin. They are used in products such as detergents, fertilizers, medicines, paints, plastics, synthetic fibres, and synthetic rubber.

Petroleum products are useful materials derived from crude oil (petroleum) as it is processed in oil refineries. According to crude oil composition and demand, refineries can produce different shares of petroleum products. Largest share of oil products is used as energy carriers: various grades of fuel oil and gasoline. Refineries also produce other chemicals, some of which are used in chemical processes to produce plastics and other useful materials. Since petroleum often contains a couple of percent sulfur, large quantities of sulfur are also often produced as a petroleum product. Hydrogen and carbon in the form of petroleum coke may also be produced as petroleum products. The hydrogen produced is often used as an intermediate product for other oil refinery processes such as hydrogen catalytic cracking (hydrocracking) and hydrodesulfurization. Major products of oil refineries

A breakdown of the products made from a typical barrel of US oil. Oil refineries will blend various feedstocks, mix appropriate additives, provide short term storage, and prepare for bulk loading to trucks, barges, product ships, and railcars. •Gaseous fuels such as propane, stored and shipped in liquid form under pressure in specialized railcars to distributors. •Liquid fuels blending (producing automotive and aviation grades of gasoline, kerosene, various aviation turbine fuels, and diesel fuels, adding dyes, detergents, antiknock additives, oxygenates, and anti-fungal compounds as...

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...contributing to the increasing demands of oil in India? Most of you would be thinking ‘so what?’
Well, here is some data. India’s crude oil import bill increased more than 40 percent to $68 billion in 2007-08 following a consistent rise in global crude prices. According to data released by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, India imported 121.672 million tons of crude oil for $67.988 billion in 2007-08, as opposed to 111.502 million tons imported for $48.389 billion the previous year. India also imported 22.716 million tons of products such as naphtha, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and kerosene for $15.255 billion. The 2.829 million tons of LPG imports cost $2.135 billion, while 5.965 million tons of naphtha cost $4.565 billion. (Source : www.upi.com/energy_resources )
Indians spend a considerable amount of their income towards fuel and related expenses (cost of transportation of daily necessities). Exponential growth of India’s economy has given rise to an exponential need for energy. Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) are the most commonly used fuel by people. Fossil fuels have been formed from decaying plant and animal matter under pressure for many million years. The fuel that has been formed in millions of years is being used at an alarming rate:
As citizens, what can we do about it? We can become more educated about...

...Oil And GasConservationOil and gasconservation effects your dailylife in several ways:
1) As you conserve you own consumption of oil and gas, your fuel bills are reduced
2) Oil and gasconservation tends to reduce demand for oil and gas and this, in turn, tends to lower the price of fuels and products made from oil and gas (like plastics) to the consumer.
3) Conservation of oil and gas usually also means less burning of them as fuels, which, in turn reduces the amount of pollutants released into the air by burniing them
4) Oil and gasconservation by one group while another group continues to use them at the same rate or increases their own consumption can shift the balance of economic power between the two groups
5) Laws and policies intended to force conservaton of oil and gas impact what good are available and in what quantities as well as artificially changing their prices.
6) Conservation of oil and gas reduces the flow of money to major exporters of those commodities. Because several terrorist organizations get their funding indirectly from that flow of money,...

...of million of years.
• E.g. fossil fuel like coal, petroleum, natural gas.
Conventional source of energy:
• Conventional sources for energy are those which are used extensively & meet a major portion of our energy requirement.
• e.g. fossil fuel (coal, petroleum, natural gas), hydro-energy.
• Conventional sources also include biomass energy & wind energy as these are also used from ancient times.
Non Conventional sources of energy:
• Non conventional sources of energy are those which are not used as extensively as the conventional ones. These partially meet our energy requirements.
• Solar energy, ocean energy (tidal energy, wave energy, ocean thermal energy), geothermal energy & nuclear energy belong to this category. These sources of energy which have been tapped with the help of advanced in technology to meet our growing energy needs are also called alternative sources of energy.
FOSSILS FUEL: The fuels which are obtained from the remains of plants & animals are called fossil fuels. E.g. coal, petroleum, natural gas.
The remains of plants & animals which got buried inside the earth million of years ago, changed into coal, petroleum & natural gas due to excessive heat & high pressure inside the earth.
• The coal as a source of energy made the industrial revolution possible.
• Fossil fuels is a major fuels used for generating electricity, in...

...economy, politics and technology. The rise in importance was mostly due to the invention of the internal combustion engine, the rise in commercial aviation and the increasing use of plastic.
More than 4000 years ago, according to Herodotus and Diodorus Siculus, asphalt was used in the construction of the walls and towers of Babylon; there were oil pits near Ardericca (near Babylon), and a pitch spring on Zacynthus.[32] Great quantities of it were found on the banks of the river Issus, one of the tributaries of the Euphrates. Ancient Persian tablets indicate the medicinal and lighting uses of petroleum in the upper levels of their society.
In the 1850s, the process to distill kerosene from petroleum was invented by Ignacy Łukasiewicz, providing a cheaper alternative to whale oil. The demand for the petroleum as a fuel for lighting in North America and around the world quickly grew.[33] The world's first commercial oil well was drilled in Poland in 1853. Oil exploration developed in many parts of the world with the Russian Empire, particularly the Branobel company in Azerbaijan, taking the lead in production by the end of the 19th century.[34] Oil exploration in North America during the early 20th century later led to the U.S. becoming the leading producer by the mid 1900s. As petroleum production in the U.S. peaked during the 1960s, however, Saudi Arabia and Russia...

...The global oil and gas industry also involves the exploration and production of commodity and energy trading, pipeline monitoring and renewable energy. Petroleum is proved to be one of the most valuable commodities in the world today and a vital factor in the sustenance of industrial civilization. Crude oil production accounts for a significant amount of the world’s oil consumption, approximately 53% in the Middle East, 32% in Europe and Asia, 44% in South and Central America, 41% in Africa and 40% in North America.
Developed countries represent the largest consumers of oil globally. Statoil is a fully integrated oil and gas company operating in industry segments such as the production and refining of petroleum, natural gas, and petrochemicals.
Crude oil is the largest segment of the global oil and gas market, accounting for 62.9% of the markets total volume. The natural gas segment accounts for the remaining 37.1% of the market. Asia-Pacific accounts for 35.8% of the global oil and gas market value, while the Americas accounts for a further 31.5% of the global market, Europe accounts for 24.8% while the middle east accounts for 7.9% of the global market. Where geographic segmentation is concerned the axis of the oil market is shifting from the trade...

...the demand for such fossil fuels as coal, oil, and natural gas. Less burning of fossil fuels also means lower emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), the primary contributor to global warming, and other pollutants.
You do not have to do without to achieve these savings. There is now an energy efficient alternative for almost every kind of appliance or light fixture. That means that consumers have a real choice and the power to change their energy use on a revolutionary scale.
The average American produces about 40,000 pounds of CO2 emissions per year. Together, we use nearly a million dollars worth of energy every minute, night and day, every day of the year. By exercising even a few of the following steps, you can cut your annual emissions by thousands of pounds and your energy bills by a significant amount!
Home appliances
Turn your refrigerator down. Refrigerators account for about 20% of Household electricity use. Use a thermometer to set your refrigerator temperature as close to 37 degrees and your freezer as close to 3 degrees as possible. Make sure that its energy saver switch is turned on. Also, check the gaskets around your refrigerator/freezer doors to make sure they are clean and sealed tightly.
Set your clothes washer to the warm or cold water setting, not hot. Switching from hot to warm for two loads per week can save nearly 500 pounds of CO2 per year if you have an electric water heater, or 150 pounds for a...