the Global Environmental Research Fund (RF-064) and the Waste Management Research Grant (K1821 and K1836) from the Ministry of the Environment and by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (No.16201014) and (B) (No. 18310046), Young Scientists (B) (Project 19780239) and Global COE Program from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), and by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (H14-013) from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan.