Download How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education, 8th by Jack Fraenkel, Norman Wallen, Helen Hyun PDF

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Extra info for How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education, 8th Edition

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1 Basic research is concerned with clarifying underlying processes, with the hypothesis usually expressed as a theory. Researchers engaged in basic research studies are not particularly interested in examining the effectiveness of specific educational practices. An example of basic research might be an attempt to refine one or more stages of Erickson’s psychological theory of development. Applied research, on the other hand, is interested in examining the effectiveness of particular educational practices.

This is called 12/21/10 6:36 PM CHAPTER 1 survey research. Take the case of a high school principal who wants to find out how his faculty feels about his administrative policies. What do they like about his policies? What do they dislike? Why? Which policies do they like the best or least? These sorts of questions can best be answered through a variety of survey techniques that measure faculty attitudes toward the policies of the administration. A descriptive survey involves asking the same set of questions (often prepared in the form of a written questionnaire or ability test) of a large number of individuals either by mail, by telephone, or in person.

Sample numbers (443 and 174) are acceptable. Each research report is critiqued by the authors, with both its strengths and weaknesses discussed. INSTRUMENTATION The questionnaire consists of yes-no questions (two based on brief scenarios) to measure “tendencies” and seven-point rating scales to assess attitudes and beliefs about cheating, for a total of 29 items, of which 21 are shown in the report. Neither reliability nor validity is discussed. Because the intent was to compare groups on individual items, no summary scores were used.