Chronic venous insufficiency means
that blood and fluid in the veins of the legs do not drain
out properly. Because of the buildup of fluid, the legs
become swollen. Many factors may cause venous insufficiency.
Treatment depends on the cause.

Usually the first sign is swelling
of the leg -- most often around the ankle.

Over time, the leg can become itchy
and brownish-red.

Initially, the skin may be thin,
shiny, and tear easily. However, with time the skin may
become very thick and hard.

First, any swelling should be
reduced by keeping the legs elevated, by using compression
stockings, and by avoiding long periods of sitting or
standing.

If the skin is inflamed, wet
compresses with saline or boric acid should be used 4 times
a day for 1 hour each time. A steroid cream can then be used
to decrease some of the inflammation (do not use a steroid
cream if the skin is infected).

In people who have had inflamed
skin for a long time, patience and good skin care is
extremely important. Cordran, a tape containing steroid
cream, can be used for convenience.

Zinc oxide ointment can be used to
help reduce inflammation.

An anti-fungus cream, such as
clortrimazole or miconazole, can be used to decrease the
risk of infection and help speed healing.

Any ulcers need to be treated
aggressively. See the section "Venous Stasis Ulcers" for
more details.