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enCRMuslim Civilization & Rise of Islam18
Allah : God in Arabic
Muhammad : prophet founder of Islam
Islam : religion founded by the Prophet Muhammad
Muslim : follower of Islam
Hijrah : Muhammad’s migration to Yathrib
Mosque : Islamic house of worship
Hajj : pilgrimage to Mecca
Quran : Holy book of the Muslims
Sunna : guide for proper living
sharia : Islamic system of law
Caliph : means successor or deputy
Umayyads : family that moved the Muslim capital to Damascus.
Shia : group thought caliph should be descendant of the Prophet
Sunni : followers of Muhammad’s example.
Sufi : pursued life of poverty and devotion to spiritual path.
Abbasids: took control of the empire.
alAndalus : extraordonary Muslim state in Spain
Fatimid: Shia caliphate, descent from Prophet daughter Fatima
Wisdom : House of where scholars worked together in Baghdad
Calligraphy : art of beautiful handwriting