Comparative analysis of the risk of malnutrition by nutrition day 2016 data

ABSTRACT
The aim of study was to realize a comparative analysis of nutritional risk through auditing the Nutrition Day 2016 – 23/02/2017 data in different groups of hospitalized patients in the University Hospital “Tsaritsa Yoanna – ISUL“, Sofia, Bulgaria.Materials and methods. A group of 113 patients (54 men with an average age of 60.84 ± 15.27 years and 59 women with an average age of 59.90 ± 15,07 years), hospitalized in the Clinic of Gastroenterology, the Clinic of Metabolic Diseases, Endocrinology and Dietetics, the Clinic of Oncology and Radiotherapy and the Clinic of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology of the University Hospital “Tsaritsa Yoanna-ISUL“ was included in the study. In these patients, a survey was conducted, with updated standardized questionnaire from Nutrition Day 2016, to assess the current nutritional status, food intake particularities, health status self-assessment and hospitalization length. Within the survey, patients underwent clinical examinations in order to build up the history and the current clinical data on morbidity. The anthropometric measurements and laboratory routine
hematological and biochemical parameters were performed. The risk of malnutrition was evaluated in all patients through the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST).Results. 33.33% of the patients had high Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) risk of malnutrition, 15.38% moderate risk and the remaining – low risk. The lowest MUST risk was attributed to patients with compensated chronic liver disease, diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, whereas the highest was to patients with inflammatory bowel disease, oncological diseases, and chronic pancreatitis. The appetite of 58.97% of the patients was estimated
normal, while 41.03% reported to be decreased. The dietary intake during the week prior to hospitalization corresponded to normal in 66.69% of the cases. All of the following were found to have thorough impact on the nutritional status: age, gender, associated diseases, health status, appetite, quantity of food intakes and dietary requirements.Conclusion. The risk of malnutrition is common and significant among hospitalized patients, requiring a systematic diagnostic approach for early detection, with subsequent adequate therapeutic treatment.Key words: malnutrition, Nutrition Day, MUST risk, hospitalized patients.

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