Cuba, the largest island nation in the Caribbean just ninety miles off the coast of Florida, experienced many difficult struggles through its extensive history. It was the last major Spanish colony to gain independence, following a lengthy struggle that was begun in 1868. It was in 1898 when the U.S. intervened during the Spanish-American War that it finally overthrew Spanish rule. The Treaty of Paris established Cuban independence, which was granted in 1902 after a three-year transition period. The United States and Cuba concluded a Treaty of Relations in 1934, which, among other things, continued the 1903 agreements that leased the Guantanamo Bay naval base to the United States (CIA World Factbook). In the time before 1959, the United States had maintained strong ties with Cuba. Many Americans had many various business investments there, and the country was a special place for tourists from around the world. Since the fall of the U.S.-supported dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista in 1959, it was Fidel Castro who has mainly led Cuba throughout the years. It was in Febuary 19, 2008 when Fidel Castro finally ceded power to his brother Raul Castro. Since the majority of Cubans were born after the 1959 revolution, most of the Cuban people have known no other leader. President Fidel Castro outlasted no fewer than nine American presidents since he took power in 1959 (Castro:Profile). Relations between the United States and Cuba deteriorated rapidly as Fidel Castro and the Cuban regime moved toward the acceptance of the one-party communist system. Cuba seized the assets of American citizens and U.S. firms including farms, factories, hotels, bank accounts, and real estate without compensation. It was finally on April 16, 1961 when Fidel Castro declared Cuba a socialist state. Cuba's Communist revolution, with Soviet support, was brought to other countries throughout Latin America and Africa during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. Castro maintained close relations with the Soviet Union and worked jointly with the goals of Soviet communism by funding and provoking violent rebellious activities, as well as using military intervention in other countries, until the fall of the U.S.S.R. in 1991 (Castro: Profile). In response, the United States imposed an embargo on Cuba in October 1960, and, broke diplomatic relations on January 3, 1961. This began the over forty-year period of tension between the U.S. and Cuba, beginning with President Kennedy’s failed Bay of Pigs invasion in 1963 and the Cuban Missile Crises (CIA World Factbook). Since 1961, Cuba portrayed many difficulties as the result of the U.S. embargo and the embargo had a great effect on both nations.

It was in 1963 that the United States passed the Cuban Assets Control Regulations, under the authority of the Trading with the Enemy Act. The Act was enacted in 1917 to restrict trade with countries that are hostile to the United States. The law gives the President the power to oversee or restrict any or all trade between the U.S. and its enemies in times of war. The purpose of the law was to isolate Cuba economically and politically. It banned all trade and financial transactions between Cuba and the U.S., and froze all U.S.-held assets of the Cuban government and of private Cuban citizens. It also prohibited almost all travel to Cuba by researchers, student groups, journalists, athletes, and those traveling to see immediate family members (Schaffer 268).

After the fall of the Soviet Union in the early 1990’s, the U.S. Congress wanted to pressure Cuba for democratic change. First in 1992, the U.S. Congress approved the Cuban Democracy Act, restricting Americans from visiting the island, banning family remittances, and prohibiting foreign subsidiaries of U.S. companies...

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...﻿ Resolution to Lift TradeEmbargo on Cuba
Aff
1. The United States should end the Cuba embargo because its 50-year policy has failed to achieve its goals. Feb. 7, 2012 marked the 50th anniversary of the embargo, and the goal of forcing Cuba to adopt a representative democracy still has not been achieved. Fidel Castro resigned his presidency in 2008, and abdicated his role as the leader of Cuba's communist party in 2011 due to illness. His brother Raúl then stepped in to take his place. If 50 years of sanctions have not toppled the Castro regime, there is no reason to think the embargo will ever work.
2. The embargo is a relic of Cold War Era thinking and is unnecessary because Cuba does not pose a threat to the United States. Cuba's relationship with the Soviet Union during the Cold War raised concerns about US national security, but that era is long over. The USSR dissolved in 1991, and American foreign policy has adapted to the change in most aspects apart from the embargo. The US Defense Intelligence Agency released a report in 1998 stating "Cuba does not pose a significant military threat to the U.S. or to other countries in the region." The embargo can no longer be justified by the fear of Communism spreading throughout the Western Hemisphere.
3. The embargo harms the US economy. The US Chamber of Commerce opposes...

...of a nuclear war was at its all-time highest.
II. Does the sound of allowing US citizens, US allies and US companies the right to do business with communist Cuba after a 50 year tradeembargo sound like a good solution for inserting democracy and free market?
In 1960, President Dwight D. Eisenhower halted American imports of Cuban sugar and cut off trade to Cuba. This was the beginning of the Cubantradeembargo. As a result Fidel Castro turned to Russian Premier Nikita Khrushchev for economic assistance, and the Soviets bought increasing amounts of Cuban sugar and supported the Cuban communist party. Convinced that Castro was a puppet of the Soviets and that this was the first step toward communist control of the Caribbean, the Eisenhower administration prepared plans to overthrow the new Cuban leader according to the Encyclopedia of American History: Postwar United States, 1946 to 1968
Per the San Antonio Express-News; in October of 1962, Brigade 2506 was to land at Bahia de los Cochinos in hopes of defeating Fidel Castro and ending the communist regime there. This bay is most commonly referred to as the Bay of Pigs. The Bay of Pigs operation was designed to overthrow the regime of Fidel Castro, considered a dangerous communist by the American government. The U.S armed and trained 1400 Cubans who were exiled from...

...Cuban and U.S. relations have been on the rocks for the last 50 odd years. What follows is some background information on what has caused the rift between the two countries. It is a brief history of the American backed Batista that allowed U.S. interests to flourish in Cuba, juxtaposed against the rebel leader Castro that came afterward and the lasting effects that that has had with the relationship between Cuba and the United States and the resulting embargo that sprung from the wake. After the brief history, there is a dissection of the problems and consequences that this embargo has had on the U.S. and policy suggestion to help mitigate and repair relations.
Background
Cuba became an independent state in 1902. From that time until 1956, with the communist revolution, Cuba has seen countless vies for power through revolution and seen other conflicts as well. For the purposes of this paper, however, focus will remain on Fulgencio Batista, his ties with the U.S.A., and Fidel Castro after that fact.
Fulgencio Batista’s rule in Cuba is a sordid one. He was first elected as President of Cuba in 1933. During this period he can be seen in a generally good light, having an efficient government that instituted such legislation as the 1940 Constitution of Cuba. He left to the United States after retiring in 1944, and from that time until 1 952 Cuba descended into corruption. He returned to power from 1952-1959, which was a bloodless...

...The United States has had a tradeembargo on Cuba for almost 50 years now. The original idea of it was to suffocate the communist nation into submission. The country would run out of money and resources. Now, 50 years later, is the embargo outdated? The Cold War is over and the policies and politics of the world have changed. Should the United States lift their tradeembargo?
If trade restrictions were lifted, Cuba could be a large importer of United States goods and services. Rengal et al. (2009) say the United States accounted for 70 percent of Cuba’s imports before the revolution. Rengal et al. also state that hotel, oil, manufacturing, and service industries are missing opportunities that foreign competitors are getting. The world is becoming more globalized, more competitive, and the US needs to be taking advantage of these missed opportunities. Cuba will be a great avenue for revenue in the economically hurt United States. A good example of this would be in the medical and agricultural fields.
Bill Clinton signed legislation in 2000 that allowed for some agricultural and medical shipments to Cuba (“AG Trade and Cuba,” 2010). This legislation has resulted in exports from $7 million in 2000 to $711.5 million in 2008 (“AG Trade and Cuba”). This rapid growth shows that there is a large untapped market for American businesses in Cuba. These startling numbers...

...The Cuban revolution brought a lot of unrest to the people of Cuba. It was a time in Cuba where many people in Cuba didn’t have enough money for anything including money for food and shelter. Before the 1950’s, the troubles in Cuba life wasn’t all that bad. People would work in the sugar fields and would receive a hefty amount of cash during the sugar harvest season. Things started to change though as work came to an end and the people would have to take low paying jobs. Soon enough, people didn’t have enough money for food and their diet would consist of bananas and sweet potatoes. Before the revolution, Cuba was led by a corrupt ruler, Fulgencio Batista. In 1952, Batista took control of Cuba and did very little to improve the conditions. In the mid-1950’s a man by the name of Fidel Castro led a revolt against Batista with guerilla warfare and Batista left Havana, Cuba’s capital. (Source 6) At first Castro seemed like the perfect man for the job in Cuba. Soon enough people found out that Castro was communist and he intended to make Cuba a socialist state where everything is owned and controlled by the government. The people in the government that did not want this were forced by Fidel Castro to leave Cuba. Was Fidel Castro good for Cuba or bad for Cuba? I believe that he did more good for Cuba than he gets credit for based on the changes made in Cuba from his leadership.
There were many causes that led up to the revolution in Cuba while...

...Finance
Jagannath University
Date of Submission: 22-02-2014
Group Members
SL. NO. NAME ID NO.
1 SOHEL RANA B 110203076
2 NURNOBY RAHMAN 115234
3 UZZWAL HALDER B 110203046
4 IMAM HOSSAIN B 110203026
5 FARHANA BHUIYAN B 110203106
6 SUMAIYA YASMIN B 110203104
7 HAFIZUR RAHMAN B 110203025
8 FATEMA AKTER B 110203006
9 KHALILUR RAHMAN B 110203055
10 TOHIDUL ISLAM B 110203024
Letter of Transmittal
Shaikh Masrick Hasan
Course Coordinator
Money and Banking
Dept. of Finance
Jagannath University
Subject: To submit a report on “Impact of protectionist trade policy on the domestic industry and economy”
Sir
With a great respect, we are informing you that we have prepared a report on “Impact of protectionist trade policy on domestic industry and economy.” We feel great pleasure for submitting this report to you, which will definitely help us to be successful in our future life and to complete the BBA program.
During the preparation of this report, we have experienced a lot that will greatly help us in our further studies and carrier life. It has enlightened our practical knowledge in the practical world of business. The experience we got from here will help us to contribute these techniques in our practical life. We tried our level best to develop a good report.
We would like to thank you...

...International Business Management MGT 4323
The case study regarding the United States and CubanTrade is on page 280 of the International Business text book and begins by asking the question should the United States seek to tighten the economic grip on Cuba and why? From a Christian worldview, the United States should seek to tighten their economic grip on Cuba because of the violation of human rights and communism. Cuba now draws sympathy from many other countries throughout the world and if the United States continues to tighten the economic grip in Cuba, this would appear that the United States was non-sympathetic to Cuba. With this to consider, then yes, the United States should not seek to tighten the economic grip on Cuba. With a stronger economy one would hope that this could help bring an end to the violation of human rights in Cuba.
The next question to consider is should the United States normalize business relations with Cuba and if so, should the United States stipulate any conditions? This is a tricky question with a lot of debate. Many believe that the United States should normalize business relations with Cuba because of Cuba’s high qualified workforce. One should also consider that a normalized business relationship with Cuba could bring licensed organizations and grants to Cuba allowing for academic, cultural, and humanitarian travel to the country. This students thought is that the United States should continue...

...organized crime. American-owned businesses possessed 90% of Cuban mines, 40 % of the Cuban sugar industry, 80% of Cuban public services, 50% of Cuban railways and all of the oil companies within Cuba. The American influences and dependency created tension with many Cuban people who believed the political price of the economic dependence was too high. Throughout the 1950’sthe Cuban economy appeared to flourish, though it largely depended on the United States buying sugar.
Under Batista’s government, gambling and American businesses grew and a large gap of wealth in the country was produced. Cuba had become a ‘playground for the United States with gambling, prostitution and large-scale corruption taking hold and the American mafia an increasing presence. The large and wide-spread poverty in the rural areas and small amount of welfare and social services were also contributing factors to the decreasing popularity of Batista. Although Cuba had one of the best standards of living within the Latin region, Cuba’s national wealth was not equally distributed, with extremes of poverty and wealth. Additionally the sugar industry could only offer Cubans with seasonal work for four months of the year which created an eight month unemployed part of the year.
The large Cuban middle class were frustrated with their lack of political power and influence which created...