Lesson 6 – October 2 - November 8

The Day of Atonement

(All Bible texts are in the NKJV Bible unless otherwise indicated)

Sabbath Afternoon

Memory text: Micah 7:18, 19

18 Who is a God like You, Pardoning iniquity And passing over the transgression of the remnant of His heritage? He does not retain His anger forever, Because He delights in mercy. 19 He will again have compassion on us, And will subdue our iniquities. You will cast all our sins Into the depths of the sea.

Read Leviticus 16

Leviticus 16:31

31 It is a sabbath of solemn rest for you, and you shall afflict your souls. It is a statute forever.

Sunday - The Yearly Cleansing

Leviticus 16:16

16
So he shall make atonement for the Holy Place, because of the
uncleanness of the children of Israel, and because of their
transgressions, for all their sins; and so he shall do for the
tabernacle of meeting which remains among them in the midst of their
uncleanness.

Leviticus 16:30

30 For on that day the priest
shall make atonement for you, to cleanse you, that you may be clean
from all your sins before the LORD.

Leviticus 16:8

8 Then Aaron shall cast lots for the two goats: one lot for the LORD and the other lot for the scapegoat.

Leviticus 16:15

15
“Then he shall kill the goat of the sin offering, which is for the
people, bring its blood inside the veil, do with that blood as he did
with the blood of the bull, and sprinkle it on the mercy seat and before
the mercy seat.

Leviticus 23:27-32

27 “Also the tenth day
of this seventh month shall be the Day of Atonement. It shall be a holy
convocation for you; you shall afflict your souls, and offer an
offering made by fire to the LORD. 28 And you shall do no work on that
same day, for it is the Day of Atonement, to make atonement for you
before the LORD your God. 29 For any person who is not afflicted in soul
on that same day shall be cut off from his people. 30 And any person
who does any work on that same day, that person I will destroy from
among his people. 31 You shall do no manner of work;it shall be a
statute forever throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 32 It
shall be to you a sabbath of solemn rest, and you shall afflict your
souls; on the ninth day of the month at evening, from evening to
evening, you shall celebrate your sabbath.”

Monday – Beyond Forgiveness

Leviticus 16:32-34

32
And the priest, who is anointed and consecrated to minister as priest
in his father’s place, shall make atonement, and put on the linen
clothes, the holy garments; 33 then he shall make atonement for the Holy
Sanctuary, and he shall make atonement for the tabernacle of meeting
and for the altar, and he shall make atonement for the priests and for
all the people of the assembly. 34 This shall be an everlasting statute
for you, to make atonement for the children of Israel, for all their
sins, once a year.” And he did as the LORD commanded Moses.

Hebrews 8:3

3
For every high priest is appointed to offer both gifts and sacrifices.
Therefore it is necessary that this One also have something to offer.

Romans 8:34

34
Who is he who condemns? It is Christ who died, and furthermore is also
risen, who is even at the right hand of God, who also makes intercession
for us

Ellen G. White, Patriarchs and Prophets, pp. 355-8.

Important
truths concerning the atonement were taught the people by this yearly
service. In the sin offerings presented during the year, a substituted
had been accepted in the sinner's stead; but the blood of the victim had
not made full atonement for the sin. It had only provided a means by
which the sin was transferred to the sanctuary. By the offering of
blood, the sinner acknowledged the authority of the law, confessed the
guilt of his transgression, and expressed his faith in Him who was to
take away the sin of the world; but he was not entirely released from
the condemnation of the law. On the Day of Atonement the high priest,
having taken an offering for the congregation, went into the most holy
place with the blood and sprinkled it upon the mercy seat, above the
tables of the law. Thus the claims of the law, which demanded the life
of the sinner, were satisfied. Then in his character of mediator the
priest took the sins upon himself, and, leaving the sanctuary, he bore
with him the burden of Israel's guilt. At the door of the tabernacle he
laid his hands upon the head of the scapegoat and confessed over him
"all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their
transgressions in all their sins, putting them upon the head of the
goat." And as the goat bearing these sins was sent away, they were, with
him, regarded as forever separated from the people. Such was the
service performed "unto the example and shadow of heavenly things."
Hebrews 8:5.

As has been stated, the earthly sanctuary was built
by Moses according to the pattern shown him in the mount. It was "a
figure for the time then present, in which were offered both gifts and
sacrifices;" its two holy places were "patterns of things in the
heavens;" Christ, our great High Priest, is "a minister of the
sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, and not
man." Hebrews 9:9, 23; 8:2. As in vision the apostle John was granted a
view of the temple of God in heaven, he beheld there "seven lamps of
fire burning before the throne." He saw an angel "having a golden
censer; and there was given unto him much incense, that he should offer
it with the prayers of all saints upon the golden altar which was before
the throne." Revelation 4:5; 8:3. Here the prophet was permitted to
behold the first apartment of the sanctuary in heaven; and he saw there
the "seven lamps of fire" and the "golden altar" represented by the
golden candlestick and the altar of incense in the sanctuary on earth.
Again, "the temple of God was opened" (Revelation 11:19), and he looked
within the inner veil, upon the holy of holies. Here he beheld "the ark
of His testament" (Revelation 11:19), represented by the sacred chest
constructed by Moses to contain the law of God. Moses made the earthly
sanctuary, "according to the fashion that he had seen." Paul declares
that "the tabernacle, and all the vessels of the ministry," when
completed, were "the patterns of things in the heavens." Acts 7:44;
Hebrews 9:21, 23. And John says that he saw the sanctuary in heaven.
That sanctuary, in which Jesus ministers in our behalf, is the great
original, of which the sanctuary built by Moses was a copy.

The
heavenly temple, the abiding place of the King of kings, where "thousand
thousands ministered unto Him, and ten thousand times ten thousand
stood before Him" (Daniel 7:10), that temple filled with the glory of
the eternal throne, where seraphim, its shining guardians, veil their
faces in adoration--no earthly structure could represent its vastness
and its glory. Yet important truths concerning the heavenly sanctuary
and the great work there carried forward for man's redemption were to be
taught by the earthly sanctuary and its services.

After His
ascension, our Saviour was to begin His work as our High Priest. Says
Paul, "Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which
are the figures of the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear in
the presence of God for us." Hebrews 9:24. As Christ's ministration was
to consist of two great divisions, each occupying a period of time and
having a distinctive place in the heavenly sanctuary, so the typical
ministration consisted of two divisions, the daily and the yearly
service, and to each a department of the tabernacle was devoted.

As
Christ at His ascension appeared in the presence of God to plead His
blood in behalf of penitent believers, so the priest in the daily
ministration sprinkled the blood of the sacrifice in the holy place in
the sinner's behalf.

The blood of
Christ, while it was to release the repentant sinner from the
condemnation of the law, was not to cancel the sin; it would stand on
record in the sanctuary until the final atonement; so in the type the
blood of the sin offering removed the sin from the penitent, but it
rested in the sanctuary until the Day of Atonement.

In
the great day of final award, the dead are to be "judged out of those
things which were written in the books, according to their works."
Revelation 20:12. Then by virtue of the atoning blood of Christ, the
sins of all the truly penitent will be blotted from the books of heaven.
Thus the sanctuary will be freed, or cleansed, from the record of sin.
In the type, this great work of atonement, or blotting out of sins, was
represented by the services of the Day of Atonement--the cleansing of
the earthly sanctuary, which was accomplished by the removal, by virtue
of the blood of the sin offering, of the sins by which it had been
polluted.

As in the final atonement the sins of the truly penitent
are to be blotted from the records of heaven, no more to be remembered
or come into mind, so in the type they were borne away into the
wilderness, forever separated from the congregation.

Since Satan
is the originator of sin, the direct instigator of all the sins that
caused the death of the Son of God, justice demands that Satan shall
suffer the final punishment. Christ's work for the redemption of men and
the purification of the universe from sin will be closed by the removal
of sin from the heavenly sanctuary and the placing of these sins upon
Satan, who will bear the final penalty. So in the typical service, the
yearly round of ministration closed with the purification of the
sanctuary, and the confessing of the sins on the head of the scapegoat.

Thus
in the ministration of the tabernacle, and of the temple that afterward
took its place, the people were taught each day the great truths
relative to Christ's death and ministration, and once each year their
minds were carried forward to the closing events of the great
controversy between Christ and Satan, the final purification of the
universe from sin and sinners.

1 John 1:9

9 If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.

Leviticus 16:16-20

16
So he shall make atonement for the Holy Place, because of the
uncleanness of the children of Israel, and because of their
transgressions, for all their sins; and so he shall do for the
tabernacle of meeting which remains among them in the midst of their
uncleanness. 17 There shall be no man in the tabernacle of meeting when
he goes in to make atonement in the Holy Place, until he comes out, that
he may make atonement for himself, for his household, and for all the
assembly of Israel. 18 And he shall go out to the altar that is before
the LORD, and make atonement for it, and shall take some of the blood of
the bull and some of the blood of the goat, and put it on the horns of
the altar all around. 19 Then he shall sprinkle some of the blood on it
with his finger seven times, cleanse it, and consecrate it from the
uncleanness of the children of Israel.

20 “And when he has made an
end of atoning for the Holy Place, the tabernacle of meeting, and the
altar, he shall bring the live goat.

Tuesday – Azazel

Leviticus 16:20-22

20
“And when he has made an end of atoning for the Holy Place, the
tabernacle of meeting, and the altar, he shall bring the live goat. 21
Aaron shall lay both his hands on the head of the live goat, confess
over it all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their
transgressions, concerning all their sins, putting them on the head of
the goat, and shall send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a
suitable man. 22 The goat shall bear on itself all their iniquities to
an uninhabited land; and he shall release the goat in the wilderness.

Leviticus 16:9

9 And Aaron shall bring the goat on which the LORD’s lot fell, and offer it as a sin offering.

Leviticus 16:15

15
“Then he shall kill the goat of the sin offering, which is for the
people, bring its blood inside the veil, do with that blood as he did
with the blood of the bull, and sprinkle it on the mercy seat and before
the mercy seat.

Leviticus 16:10

10 But the goat on which
the lot fell to be the scapegoat shall be presented alive before the
LORD, to make atonement upon it, and to let it go as the scapegoat into
the wilderness.

Deuteronomy 19:16-21

16 If a false witness
rises against any man to testify against him of wrongdoing, 17 then
both men in the controversy shall stand before the LORD, before the
priests and the judges who serve in those days. 18 And the judges shall
make careful inquiry, and indeed, if the witness is a false witness, who
has testified falsely against his brother, 19 then you shall do to him
as he thought to have done to his brother; so you shall put away the
evil from among you. 20 And those who remain shall hear and fear, and
hereafter they shall not again commit such evil among you. 21 Your eye
shall not pity: life shall be for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth,
hand for hand, foot for foot.

Jeremiah 31:34

34 No more
shall every man teach his neighbor, and every man his brother, saying,
‘Know the LORD,’ for they all shall know Me, from the least of them to
the greatest of them, says the LORD. For I will forgive their iniquity,
and their sin I will remember no more.”

Wednesday - On The Day of Atonement

Ellen G. White, Patriarchs and Prophets, p. 358.

See Monday

Leviticus 16:29-31

29
“This shall be a statute forever for you: In the seventh month, on the
tenth day of the month, you shall afflict your souls, and do no work at
all, whether a native of your own country or a stranger who dwells among
you.30 For on that day the priest shall make atonement for you, to
cleanse you, that you may be clean from all your sins before the LORD.
31 It is a sabbath of solemn rest for you, and you shall afflict your
souls. It is a statute forever.

Leviticus 23:27-32

27
“Also the tenth day of this seventh month shall be the Day of Atonement.
It shall be a holy convocation for you; you shall afflict your souls,
and offer an offering made by fire to the LORD. 28 And you shall do no
work on that same day, for it is the Day of Atonement, to make atonement
for you before the LORD your God. 29 For any person who is not
afflicted in soul on that same day shall be cut off from his people. 30
And any person who does any work on that same day, that person I will
destroy from among his people. 31 You shall do no manner of work; it
shall be a statute forever throughout your generations in all your
dwellings. 32 It shall be to you a sabbath of solemn rest, and you shall
afflict your souls; on the ninth day of the month at evening, from
evening to evening, you shall celebrate your sabbath.”

Matthew 18:23-35

23
Therefore the kingdom of heaven is like a certain king who wanted to
settle accounts with his servants. 24 And when he had begun to settle
accounts, one was brought to him who owed him ten thousand talents. 25
But as he was not able to pay, his master commanded that he be sold,
with his wife and children and all that he had, and that payment be
made. 26 The servant therefore fell down before him, saying, ‘Master,
have patience with me, and I will pay you all.’ 27 Then the master of
that servant was moved with compassion, released him, and forgave him
the debt.

28 “But that servant went out and found one of his
fellow servants who owed him a hundred denarii; and he laid hands on him
and took him by the throat, saying, ‘Pay me what you owe!’ 29 So his
fellow servant fell down at his feet and begged him, saying, ‘Have
patience with me, and I will pay you all.’ 30 And he would not, but went
and threw him into prison till he should pay the debt. 31 So when his
fellow servants saw what had been done, they were very grieved, and came
and told their master all that had been done. 32 Then his master, after
he had called him, said to him, ‘You wicked servant! I forgave you all
that debt because you begged me. 33 Should you not also have had
compassion on your fellow servant, just as I had pity on you?’ 34 And
his master was angry, and delivered him to the torturers until he should
pay all that was due to him.

35 “So My heavenly Father also will do to you if each of you, from his heart, does not forgive his brother his trespasses.”

Thursday – Isaiah’s Personal Yom Kippur

Isaiah 6:1-6

1
In the year that King Uzziah died, I saw the Lord sitting on a throne,
high and lifted up, and the train of His robe filled the temple. 2 Above
it stood seraphim; each one had six wings: with two he covered his
face, with two he covered his feet, and with two he flew. 3 And one
cried to another and said:

“Holy, holy, holy is the LORD of hosts; The whole earth is full of His glory!” 4 And the posts of the door were shaken by the voice of him who cried out, and the house was filled with smoke. 5 So I said: “Woe is me, for I am undone! Because I am a man of unclean lips, And I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips; For my eyes have seen the King, The LORD of hosts.” 6 Then one of the seraphim flew to me, having in his hand a live coal which he had taken with the tongs from the altar.

Isaiah 5:16

16 But the LORD of hosts shall be exalted in judgment, And God who is holy shall be hallowed in righteousness.

John 12:41

41 These things Isaiah said when he saw His glory and spoke of Him.

Isaiah 6:7

7 And he touched my mouth with it, and said: “Behold, this has touched your lips; Your iniquity is taken away, And your sin purged.”

Romans 8:1

1
There is therefore now no condemnation to those who are in Christ
Jesus, who do not walk according to the flesh, but according to the
Spirit.

2 Corinthians 5:18-20

18 Now all things are of
God, who has reconciled us to Himself through Jesus Christ, and has
given us the ministry of reconciliation, 19 that is, that God was in
Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not imputing their trespasses
to them, and has committed to us the word of reconciliation.

20
Now then, we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were pleading
through us: we implore you on Christ’s behalf, be reconciled to God.

Friday – Futher Study

Ellen G. White, The Great Controversy, p. 657-660.

At
the coming of Christ the wicked are blotted from the face of the whole
earth--consumed with the spirit of His mouth and destroyed by the
brightness of His glory. Christ takes His people to the City of God, and
the earth is emptied of its inhabitants. "Behold, the Lord maketh the
earth empty, and maketh it waste, and turneth it upside down, and
scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof." "The land shall be utterly
emptied, and utterly spoiled: for the Lord hath spoken this word."
"Because they have transgressed the laws, changed the ordinance, broken
the everlasting covenant. Therefore hath the curse devoured the earth,
and they that dwell therein are desolate: therefore the inhabitants of
the earth are burned." Isaiah 24:1, 3, 5, 6.

The whole earth
appears like a desolate wilderness. The ruins of cities and villages
destroyed by the earthquake, uprooted trees, ragged rocks thrown out by
the sea or torn out of the earth itself, are scattered over its surface,
while vast caverns mark the spot where the mountains have been rent
from their foundations.

Now the event takes place
foreshadowed in the last solemn service of the Day of Atonement. When
the ministration in the holy of holies had been completed, and the sins
of Israel had been removed from the sanctuary by virtue of the blood of
the sin offering, then the scapegoat was presented alive before the
Lord; and in the presence of the congregation the high priest confessed
over him "all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their
transgressions in all their sins, putting them upon the head of the
goat." Leviticus 16:21. In like manner, when the work of atonement in
the heavenly sanctuary has been completed, then in the presence of God
and heavenly angels and the hosts of the redeemed the sins of God's
people will be placed upon Satan; he will be declared guilty of all the
evil which he has caused them to commit. And as the
scapegoat was sent away into a land not inhabited, so Satan will be
banished to the desolate earth, an uninhabited and dreary wilderness.

The
revelator foretells the banishment of Satan and the condition of chaos
and desolation to which the earth is to be reduced, and he declares that
this condition will exist for a thousand years. After presenting the
scenes of the Lord's second coming and the destruction of the wicked,
the prophecy continues: "I saw an angel come down from heaven, having
the key of the bottomless pit and a great chain in his hand. And he laid
hold on the dragon, that old serpent, which is the devil, and Satan,
and bound him a thousand years, and cast him into the bottomless pit,
and shut him up, and set a seal upon him, that he should deceive the
nations no more, till the thousand years should be fulfilled: and after
that he must be loosed a little season." Revelation 20:1-3.

That
the expression "bottomless pit" represents the earth in a state of
confusion and darkness is evident from other scriptures. Concerning the
condition of the earth "in the beginning," the Bible record says that it
"was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the
deep." [THE HEBREW WORD HERE TRANSLATED "DEEP" IS RENDERED IN THE
SEPTUAGINT (GREEK) TRANSLATION OF THE HEBREW OLD TESTAMENT BY THE SAME
WORD RENDERED "BOTTOMLESS PIT" IN REVELATION 20:1-3.]

Genesis 1:2.
Prophecy teaches that it will be brought back, partially at least, to
this condition. Looking forward to the great day of God, the prophet
Jeremiah declares: "I beheld the earth, and, lo, it was without form,
and void; and the heavens, and they had no light. I beheld the
mountains, and, lo, they trembled, and all the hills moved lightly. I
beheld, and, lo, there was no man, and all the birds of the heavens were
fled. I beheld, and, lo, the fruitful place was a wilderness, and all
the cities thereof were broken down." Jeremiah 4:23-26.

Here is to
be the home of Satan with his evil angels for a thousand years. Limited
to the earth, he will not have access to other worlds to tempt and
annoy those who have never fallen. It is in this sense that he is bound:
there are none remaining, upon whom he can exercise his power. He is
wholly cut off from the work of deception and ruin which for so many
centuries has been his sole delight.

The prophet Isaiah, looking
forward to the time of Satan's overthrow, exclaims: "How art thou fallen
from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning! how art thou cut down to
the ground, which didst weaken the nations! . . . Thou hast said in
thine heart, I will ascend into heaven, I will exalt my throne above the
stars of God: . . . I will be like the Most High. Yet thou shalt be
brought down to hell, to the sides of the pit. They that see thee shall
narrowly look upon thee, and consider thee, saying, Is this the man that
made the earth to tremble, that did shake kingdoms; that made the world
as a wilderness, and destroyed the cities thereof; that opened not the
house of his prisoners?" Isaiah 14:12-17.

For six thousand years,
Satan's work of rebellion has "made the earth to tremble." He had "made
the world as a wilderness, and destroyed the cities thereof." And he
"opened not the house of his prisoners." For six thousand years his
prison house has received God's people, and he would have held them
captive forever; but Christ had broken his bonds and set the prisoners
free.

Even the wicked are now placed beyond the power of Satan,
and alone with his evil angels he remains to realize the effect of the
curse which sin has brought. "The kings of the nations, even all of
them, lie in glory, everyone in his own house [the grave]. But thou art
cast out of thy grave like an abominable branch. . . . Thou shalt not be
joined with them in burial, because thou hast destroyed thy land, and
slain thy people." Isaiah 14:18-20.

For a thousand years, Satan
will wander to and fro in the desolate earth to behold the results of
his rebellion against the law of God. During this time his sufferings
are intense. Since his fall his life of unceasing activity has banished
reflection; but he is now deprived of his power and left to contemplate
the part which he has acted since first he rebelled against the
government of heaven, and to look forward with trembling and terror to
the dreadful future when he must suffer for all the evil that he has
done and be punished for the sins that he has caused to be committed.

To
God's people the captivity of Satan will bring gladness and rejoicing.
Says the prophet: "It shall come to pass in the day that Jehovah shall
give thee rest from thy sorrow, and from thy trouble, and from the hard
service wherein thou wast made to serve, that thou shalt take up this
parable against the king of Babylon [here representing Satan], and say,
How hath the oppressor ceased! . . . Jehovah hath broken the staff of
the wicked, the scepter of the rulers; that smote the peoples in wrath
with a continual stroke, that ruled the nations in anger, with a
persecution that none restrained." Verses 3-6, R.V.