Saitamaken (prefecture), east-central Honshu, Japan. The eastern portion of the prefecture lies on the Kantō Plain, north of Tokyo metropolis. The land rises toward the west, culminating in the peaks of the Kantō Range along Saitama’s western border. Fruits, vegetables, and flowers are grown for the Tokyo market on the extensive stretches of level land in the east, and green tea is produced in the western uplands. The prefecture’s automotive, machinery, and textile manufacturing evolved from earlier casting and sericulture industries there.

Cities in the south, including Saitama, Kawagoe, and others, form the northern limit of the Keihin Industrial Zone. Saitama city—created by the merger of Urawa, Ōmiya, and Yono in 2001—is the prefectural capital and houses Saitama University (1949). The city of Chichibu, in the southwest within Chichibu-Tama National Park, is noted for its annual Shintō festival (December), in which large, elaborate floats are paraded through the streets. Area 1,466 square miles (3,797 square km). Pop. (2002 est.2005) 7,001054,000243.