Downes, Stephen. (2016, November 21). Post truth and fake news [Blog post]. [Stephen Downes is an Canadian educator.In 1995 he put out a website on logical fallacies that is archived in various places on the Web. See http://www.fallacies.ca/ (I hope he is being facetious about taking down satirical sites like The Onion.) ]

Williamson, Vanessa and Norman Elsen. (2017, February 8). We were the victims of fake news. [These researchers from the Brookings Institute report of a website called Center for Global Strategic Monitoring, which has been using names of research experts on articles that they did not write. These authors remind readers to look for and notice typos, grammatical errors, lack of indentifiable contact information, etc.]