Allison Ross and Nafsika Athanassoulis give further development to their virtue theoretic approach to the moral assessment of risk, in this chapter of the just-published *Handbook of Risk Theory: Epistemology, Decision Theory, Ethics, and Social Implications of Risk* (Springer 2012). http://www.springer.com/philosophy/epistemology+and+philosophy+of+science/book/978-94-007-1432-8 . The authors' concern with assessing risk management ties fruitfully into virtue theory, and is important for a wide range of debates in applied ethics.

"Risk and Virtue Ethics" (833-856; Part 6) ABSTRACT: In this chapter, we explain the nature of virtue ethics, differentiating it from competing moral theories -- consequentialism or deontology -- and argue that it is superior to both when it comes to the moral assessment of risk. We explore in detail what a virtue ethics approach to the moral evaluation of risk taking would involve, focusing particularly upon the role played by character in such assessments. Our main argument is that individual instances of risk taking are not isolated events, but part of a pattern of behavior on the part of the risk taker. We argue, furthermore, that this pattern does not arise as a result of arbitrary, automatic processes over which individual agents have no control. Rather, risk related behavior patterns are the product of a complex set of settled dispositions they constitute character....