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—The problem of minimum-cost and connectivity-guaranteed grid coverage (MCGC) is one of the most critical issues for the implementation of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, a novel algorithm, ant colony optimization with three classes of ant transitions (ACO-TCAT) is proposed to decrease inferior solutions and narrow the searching range of the… (More)

Node deployment is one of the most crucial issues in wireless sensor networks because it determines the deployment cost, the detection capability of the networks, and even the network lifetimes. To solve such a problem is an intricate task with realistic deployment factors such as deployment cost, connectivity guarantee, load balancing and channel… (More)

Node deployment is one of the most crucial issues in wireless sensor networks, and it is of realistic significance to complete the deployment task with multiple types of application requirements. In this paper, we propose a deployment strategy for multiple types of requirements to solve the problem of deterministic and grid-based deployment. This deployment… (More)

The past few years have witnessed increased interest in the potential use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in a wide range of applications and it has become a hot research area. Based on network structure, routing protocols in WSNs can be divided into two categories: flat routing and hierarchical or clustering routing. Owing to a variety of advantages,… (More)