New Patents: October 1963

Carotenoid Compounds

A palladium/lead (calcium carbonate) catalyst is used in a hydrogénation step in a method of making carotenoid and dehydro-carotenoid compounds of given formula.

Pyridoxal Derivatives

lepetit s. p. a.British Patent 924,514

A palladium-on-charcoal or a platinous oxide catalyst is used in a process of preparing new pyridoxal derivatives of given general formula.

Pyridine Bases

the distillers co. ltd.British Patent 924,527

A catalyst of silica and/or alurnina and palladium may be used in a process of producing pyridine bases by heating crotonaldehyde, ammonia and a saturated aliphatic ketone.

Removing Acetylene Hydrocarbons from Gaseous Mixtures

farbwerke hoechst a.g.British Patent 924,627

For the removal of acetylene hydrocarbons and butadiene from gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen and olefines, the mixture is passed over a palladium-silica catalyst containing less than i wt.% of palladium at 150°-300°C and at a rate of 150-500 litres per litre of catalyst per hour.

Electrolysis of Salt Solutions

ruhrchemie a. g.British Patent 925,079

The counter electrode of a mercury amalgam cell is formed of a double skeleton material, from 1-10% of the iron group metal carrier material of which is replaced by platinum, palladium, iridium or ruthenium.

Titanium-cored Electrode

amalgamated curacao patents co. n.v.British Patent 925,080

A platinum group metal coated-titanium electrode having a titanium oxide barrier layer has this barrier layer formed electrolytically or by oxidation before the platinum coating is applied.

Preparation of Alkanediols

e. I. du pont de nemours & co.British Patent 925,404

An alkanediol having 5 or more carbon atoms in the molecule is made by reacting together at 100°C or above and at least 1000 atm pressure an acyclic diene hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst formed of a salt, organic chelate or carbonyl of a Group VIII noble metal, e.g. rhodium (III) or ruthenium (III).

Hydrogénation of Nitroparaffins

engelhard industries inc.British Patent 925,458

A nitroparaffin is hydrogenated to the corresponding amine by treating a solution thereof in methanol with hydrogen at a pressure of 0-200 p.s.i.g. and temperature of from room temperature to 400°C and in the presence of a palladium-on-carbon or rhodium-on-carbon catalyst.

Trifiuoromethylthioxanthene

smith kline & french laboratoriesBritish Patent 925, 538

Refers to the use of a platinum oxide hydrogénation catalyst in the preparation of the above compound.

Cyclopentanophenanthrene Derivatives

s. a. syntexBritish Patent 925,849

Refers to the use of a palladium-on-carbon hydrogénation catalyst in the preparation of the above compounds.

Catalyst for Hydrogénation of Acetylene

veb leuna-werke “walter ulbricht”British Patent 926,263

A catalyst for the selective hydrogénation of acetylene is composed of up to 5% by wt. of palladium and silver together on an inert carrier. The palladium constitutes 99-60% of the total of the two metals. 20 to 80 times the total palladium and silver content of iron oxide is also included.

Polymerisation Catalysts

the British petroleum co. ltd.British Patent 926,765

A solid polymerisation catalyst consists of an organometallic compound of specified kind carried by a solid support material, e.g. alumina or an alumina/silica composite which contains platinum as a free metal constituent.

Diaphragm for Use in Electrolysis

amalgamated curacao patents co. n.v.British Patent 926,884

A diaphragm is composed of a titanium, zirconium or tantalum sheet with perforations extending from one side to the other and having a barrier layer of one side formed by oxidation which entirely prevents the passage of electronic current from the metal when in use. The other side of the diaphragm carries a thin layer of platinum metal or an alloy of platinum metals.

Cathodic Protection of Metallic Parts

central electricity generating boardBritish Patent 927,232

An anode in the form of a strip of titanium coated on one side with a thin porous layer of platinum and mounted on a backing of synthetic resin is used for cathodic protection of metallic parts.

Regenerable Catalyst

the atlantic refining co.British Patent 927,424

A catalyst for conversion of hydrocarbons is composed of composite pelleted or extruded masses. Each mass consists of a mixture of alumina particles carrying deposited platinum and of particles of a calcined silica-alumina cracking component. The alumina and platinum comprise 10-90 wt.% of the catalyst (Pt = 0.1-2.5 wt. %). Silica-alumina component has 7-50% alumina.

Hydrogenation of Liquid Hydrocarbons

farbenfabriken bayer a. g.British Patent, 927,631

Liquid hydrocarbons of gasoline boiling point range are hydrogenated at below 50°C by trickling them over a Group VIII metal catalyst carried on a macroporous support having an intrinsic surface area of less than 50 m2/g and a water absorption capacity of at least 10% by wt. Iron-free clay shards impregnated with palladium chloride and reduced to metal may be used as catalyst.

Therapeutically Active N-Carboxyalkyl-2-Phenylethylamine Derivatives

n. v. philips gloeilampenfabriekenBritish Patent 927,896

A 10% palladium-carbon or a powdered platinum catalyst is used in the preparation of the above compounds.

Substituted Pyrrolidines

e. bochringerBritish Patent 928,007

Reference is made to the use of rhodium as a catalyst in the preparation of phenyl pyrrolidines of given general formula.

Pyrazine Derivatives

soc. farmaceutica italiaBritish Patent 928,152

A palladium-on-charcoal catalyst is used in a process of preparing a 2-aminopyrazine derivative of given general formula.

Complex Compounds of Transition Metals

imperial chemical industries ltd.British Patent 928,441

A new complex compound consists of two constituents, i.e. (1) a transition metal hydride, halohydride, alkylhydride, arylhydride or thio-cyanatohydride and (2) a constituent of given general formula. The transition metal is preferably ruthenium, rhodium or osmium. See also No. 928,442.

Oxidation of Hydrocarbons

imperial chemical industries ltd.British Patent 928,443.

Covers the use of the compounds of Nos. 928,441 and 928,442 in the production of unsaturated carbonyl compounds.

Fuel Cells

leesona corp.British Patent 928,499

A hydrogen diffusion fuel cell electrode is formed of a non-porous palladium-silver alloy membrane, e.g. a tube of thickness of 0.03-30 mil. A 25% Ag-Pd alloy is used.

Ceramic-to-Metal Seals

western electric co. inc. British Patent 928,523

A ceramic surface is sealed to a metal surface by coating the ceramic with a layer of tungsten or molybdenum or both with up to 10 wt.% of titanium hydride or zirconium hydride, sintering the coating and then brazing the surfaces together with a palladium-nickel or palladium-cobalt brazing alloy.

Production of Desoxy Sugars

dr. a. wander s. a.British Patent 928,655

3,6-didesoxy-hexoses are prepared by treating 2,5-didesoxy-pentoses with hydrocyanic acid and then hydrogenating the resulting cyanohydrins in dilute hydrochloric acid using a palladium oxide-on-barium sulphate catalyst.

Preparation of Dibenzofurans

imperial chemical industries ltd.British Patent 929,376

Dibenzofuran or its homologues is/are made by contacting diphenyl oxide or a homologue thereof, at elevated temperature with a catalyst composed of platinum-on-charcoal.

Production of Pyridine Bases

the distillers co. ltd.British Patent 929,592

A catalyst containing palladium may be used in a process of producing pyridine and p-picoline by heating ammonia with a vaporised mixture of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the presence of ethanol and n-propanol vapour.

Isomerisation of Paraffin Hydrocarbons

the British petroleum co. ltd.British Patent, 929,654

C4 or higher paraffin hydrocarbons boiling in gasoline range are isomerised by contact in the presence of hydrogen with a platinum group metal and aluminium halide catalyst on a refractory oxide support, from which catalyst unreacted halide has been removed by heating to 650°−75°F.

Reforming Catalysts

shell internationale research maatschappij n.v.British Patent 929,699

A catalyst for reforming hydrocarbon oils comprises a platinum group metal, e.g. platinum, and an alkyl orfhosilicate on a catalyst carrier, e.g. silica or aluminium oxide.

Colloidal Catalyst Solutions

Shipley co. inc.British Patents 929,800

A colloidal catalyst solution is formed from an admixture of an acid soluble salt of a platinum group metal, a hydro-halide acid, and a stannous salt soluble in aqueous solution and being present in amount in excess of that required to reduce the metal salt to colloidal metal.

6-Hydroxymethyl Steroids

the British drug houses ltd.British Patent 929,983

A platinum-on-charcoal catalyst is used in the preparation of 3-enol ethers of 6-hydroxymethyl-3-oxo-Δ4-steriods by reduction of the corresponding 3-enol ether of a 6-formyl-3-oxo-Δ4-steroid by catalytic hydrogenation.

Hydrocracking Catalyst

esso research & engineering co. British Patent 930,044

A hydrocarbon conversion catalyst is formed of a platinum-impregnated porous alumina on the outer surface of which is a ferro-magnetic deposit.

Synthesis of Imidazoles and Pyrimidines

houdry process corp.British Patent 930,090

A platinum-on-alumina catalyst is used in the preparation of imidazoles and pyrimidines by reacting in vapour phase an alkylene diamine with an alcohol or aldehyde.

Production of Aldehydes and Ketones

An aldehyde or a ketone is made by contacting an olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon with an aqueous solution of a catalytically active inorganic salt of a platinum group metal at from above 0°C to 200°C in the presence of a multivalent metal salt having an oxidation potential higher than that of the platinum metal salt in the solution.

Catalyst for Rocket Fuel

thompson ramo wooldridge inc.U.S. Patent 3,081,595

Hydrazine is converted to NH3, N2 and H2 and the propulsive gas is generated by decomposing the NH3 on a platinum or palladium catalyst.

Electrolytic Capacitors

sprague electric co. U.S. Patent 3,082,360

In capacitors where one electrode is the casing and the other a shaped element, the area in contact with the electrolyte is increased by applying a coating of spongy platinum or palladium.

Solder

associated electrical industries ltd.U.S. Patent 3,083,451

A brazing solder for joining beryllium and a base metal consists of 55-70% silver, 20-30% copper and 10-20% palladium.

Monocrystalline Permanent Magnets

Super Alloys

e. i. du pont de nemours & co.U.S. Patent 3,085,876

Alloys consisting of a refractory oxide dispersed in a metal matrix (e.g. platinum group metals) are produced by co-precipitating the refractory metal and the matrix metal as oxides and then reducing the matrix metal oxide.

Catalyst

consortium fur elektrochemische industrieU.S. Patent 3,086,994

Catalytic oxidation of olefines takes place in the presence of a platinum group metal salt having catalytic activity, e.g. palladium chloride and an iron and/or copper salt.

Olefine Oxidation Catalyst

farbwerke hoechst a. g.U.S. Patent 3,087,968

Olefines are converted to aldehydes and ketones by oxidation using molecular oxygen in the presence of a palladium, iridium, ruthenium, rhodium or platinum catalyst and a redox system.

Carbon Monoxide Oxidation

engelhard industries inc.U.S. Patent 3,088,919

Carbon monoxide in ammonia synthesis gas is removed by adding a source of oxygen and then passing the mixture over a supported platinum catalyst to oxidise CO preferentially to CO2.

Production of 16a-MethyI Steroids

merck & co. inc.U.S. Patent 3,090,781

The 6-ethynyl group of the steroid is hydrogenated over a lead-deactivated palladium-on-calcium catalyst and then oxidised to the 6-diol with osmium tetroxide.

Phthalonitrile Production

the pure oil co.U.S. Patent 3,091,629

The reaction of benzonitrile and cyanogen to form phthalonitrile is catalysed with a catalyst of a platinum group metal deposited on a high surface area support, e.g. 0.5% rhodium on alumina.

Combustion Catalysts

engelhard industries inc.U.S. Patent 3,092,444

Acetylene is removed from gas mixtures containing excess oxygen and also nitrogen by combustion of the acetylene at 40°C over a supported rhodium catalyst.

Fuel Cell Barrier

standard oil co.U.S. Patent 3,092,516

Chemically incompatible ions in fuel cells are separated by a palladium barrier.

Fuel Cell Electrode

leesona corp.U.S. Patent, 3,092,517

In fuel cells using hydrogen as fuel, the fuel electrode is made of a non-porous silver-palladium alloy membrane through which hydrogen diffuses as protons or hydrogen ions.

Platinum Metal Catalyst

fmc corp.U.S. Patent 3,092,638

2-pyrrolidone is produced by reacting succinimide with hydrogen and ammonia in the presence of ruthenium, palladium or platinum at 60-350°C and 50-10,000 p.s.i.g.

Catalyst

e. i. du pont de nemours & co.U.S. Patent 3,092,654

The formation of dinitriles, e.g. adiponitrile, from cyclic nitriles by hydrogenation is catalysed with a palladium, rhodium or platinum catalyst.

Catalysts

engelhard industries inc.U.S. Patent 3,092,676

In an alkane isomerisation process, the catalyst is alumina mixed with boron oxide carrying a catalytic amount of rhodium, which is treated with hydrogen sulphide before use.

Platinum Metal Catalysts

e. i. du pont de nemours & co.French Patent 1,320,296

Catalysts which retain their activity at higher operating temperatures than hitherto are produced by contacting an aqueous solution of an ionisable salt of platinum, silver, ruthenium, palladium or rhodium with a suitable support to deposit 0.1-5% metal and subjecting the product to the action of hydrogen or another reducing gas at a controlled humidity.