Two different operating systems dominate the software market. Apple's “Mac OS X” generally runs only on Apple desktops and laptops. The latest version available for separate purchase is "Apple Mac OS X 10.6 system", also known as “Snow Leopard”. Apple has released more recent versions, but they are exclusively available for download from the Apple App Store. The majority of PCs come with a pre-installed OS from Windows. The "Microsoft Windows 7 Professional Operating System" is especially popular. Its successor, "Windows 8 Operating System", appeared in October 2012 and is standardised for use on tablet PCs, mobile phones and desktop computers. Open source software from Linux, such as Avanquest Ubuntu Linux or Novell SuSE Linux, offers an alternative to Microsoft.

Versions and Licences

Operating systems are available for purchase either as a full system or as an upgrade of an existing full system. So-called OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) OSs are especially reasonably priced. This is software sold to hardware manufacturers at a bulk price for the purpose of integrating it into their products; however, in many cases it is also available for purchase as a stand alone product. OEMs usually offer full functionality, but may have restrictions in the area of customer service. Regardless of version, it is important for Windows users to check OS language before purchase. Language does not play a role in Apple OS, as it can simply be changed. If the software is intended to be used on more than one end device, it might be worth purchasing a multi user licence, so it can then be installed on multiple computers.

Requirements and Uses

Home users need to make sure that their hardware meets the OS's requirements for use. If the computer has 64bit CPU architecture, for instance, then the OS should be 64bit compatible. Further specifications to keep in mind include clock rate requirements, measured in Mhz, hard drive memory and integrated graphics card. OSs suitable for PCs are now also frequently compatible for use on tablets or other mobile devices. Server OSs are used mainly in IT-related businesses, but also in schools and other public facilities. Here the trend is towards cloud computing, which creates new challenges for the server through increased data flow, more apps and more flexible work. Microsoft's solution to this trend is the Windows Server 2012 OS, which is capable of supporting the special requirements created by cloud computing.