CRMB :::: Current Issue Vol.1, No.3, 2013

Current Research in Microbiology and Biotechnology is an international open access bi-monthly journal that covers all aspects of latest research in microbiology and biotechnology. Manuscripts are published soon after peer-review.

Taale Essodolom et al. Current Research in Microbiology and Biotechnology 1(3) 2013: 80-88

80-88

ABSTRACT:21 bacteria strains were isolated from traditional fermented food (Soumbala, Bikalga, indigenous yoghurt and fermented milk) using microbiology standard methods. Morphological and biochemistry analyses were done. Nine strains were selected as presumed belonging to lactic acid bacteria (LAB). These strains were characterized at species level by amplifying 16S-23S intergenic spacer region of different LAB using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with specific primers. Strains S3, S4, Y6 and Lf1 belonged to the genus Lactobacillus; and strains S2, S5, Y1, Y3 and Y5 to genus Lactococcus. The nine strains were tested for their antimicrobial activity. These activities were detected in cell-free culture supernatant fluids against Micrococcus luteus as indicator strain. The agar well diffusion methods was used for this purpose. All the nine strains were able to inhibit the growth of Micrococcus luteus. The strain S3 produced antimicrobial compounds that showed the highest inhibition zone (20.83 mm) and strain Y6 showed the lowest inhibition zone (08.25mm). The bacteriocin-like gene was amplified using specific primers. The antimicrobial compounds produced by the strains except strain Y1 can be assimilated to bacteriocins according to the tests performed. The kinetics studies were performed for optimum pH and determination of growth temperature of each strain. The result showed that strain Y5 can grew at pH 5.5 and 37°C and the maximum specific growth rate are respectively 0.175 h-1 and 0.150 h-1.

Kaushal D. et. al. Current Research in Microbiology and Biotechnology 1(3) 2013: 89-91

89-91

ABSTRACT:Objective: to report a very rare case of Oropharyngeal tuberculosis concomitant with laryngeal tuberculosis mimicking oral cancer.Case Report: A 50-year-old male was referred to ear, nose and throat (ENT) outpatient with complaints of foreign body sensation throat for last 2 months. The patient also complained of change of voice & painful swallowing. He was a known smoker and tobacco chewer. Past medical history included no history of pulmonary or extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. On examination, there was no neck lymphadenopathy. Laryngeal crepitus was present and there was no laryngeal widening. Oral examination revealed 1.5x 1.5 cm area of ulceration of floor of mouth behind central incisor. Fiber-optic laryngoscopy revealed ulcerative lesion in inter-arytenoid region. Biopsy was taken from both floor of mouth lesion and the lesion in the inter-arytenoid area, results of which were consistent with tuberculosis.Conclusion: Laryngeal and floor of mouth TB is uncommon. TB should be considered as a differential diagnosis of a carcinoma. It is rare to see tuberculosis involving two or more sites in head and neck simultaneously, especially floor of mouth. It is important for otorhinolaryngologists to recognize the multisite pattern of laryngeal TB and to be familiar with its resemblance to malignancy.

ABSTRACT:Accumulation of cholesterol may lead to risk of severe heart disease. To prevent the cardiac complications; various chemo-mendicants are available but may pose risk of side effects on human body. Therapy that could decrease the cholesterol without any side effect is therefore needed. Recently, microbial cholesterol degrading enzymes have been exploited for serum cholesterol detection. Hence, with the view to generate pro-biotic based cholesterol decreasing technology an attempt has been made to isolate cholesterol degrading bacteria from cow’s milk. Total 11 bacterial isolates exhibited cholesterol degrading activity with cholesterol lowering potentials ranging from 42.88 – 97.20 %.

P. A. Priyadarshini and H. M. Revanasiddaiah Current Research in Microbiology and Biotechnology 1(3) 2013: 95-97

95-97

ABSTRACT:The fatty acid composition of Philosamia ricini pupae oil at different hours of development was determined by Gas Chromatography. Twelve fatty acids were identified in the oil extracts from Eri silkworm pupae. Linolenic acid was found to be predominant throughout the development and constitute one-third of the total acids. This was followed by Palmitic acid and Oleic acid as second and third major fatty acids respectively. It was found that the other fatty acid such as Caproic , Caprillic , Capric and Lauric acids were in the range of 0.01%-0.07%. Traces amounts of Myristic, Stearic, Linoleic, Bhenic and Eruic acids were detected. The unsaturated fatty acids predominated over the saturated fatty acids and it was noticed that, the fatty acid pattern varied in both male and female pupae.

ABSTRACT:Citronella grass has been serving from years as a mosquito repellent in the field of ancient and modern medicine. Commercially available mosquito repellents are chemical based and disastrous to human health. An attempt has been made to prepare a 100% herbal product based on Citronella leaf remains which is left out and of no use after steam distillation. It is cheap, effective and environment friendly. It is a first and preliminary work based on formulating and evaluating herbal mosquito repellent cakes using natural binders such as neem powder, potato starch, corn starch, coconut shell powder, wood powder and cow dung. The efficacy of prepared citronella leaf cakes were evaluated on three different parameters such as flammability, burning time and mosquito repellency test. Also, the cakes were sprayed with different concentrations of Citronella oil. Based on the results obtained from these parameters, the residual percentage of each combination of cakes was calculated and it suggested that Neem powder cake has the most effective repellency activity when impregnated with 10% Citronella oil.

Tetsuji Nagata. Current Research in Microbiology and Biotechnology 1(3) 2013: 104-110

104-110

ABSTRACT:The term “Cell Aging” initially means how the cells change due to their aging. There are 2 meanings, i.e., how a cell changes when it is isolated from original animals or plants such as in vitro cells in cell culture, otherwise how all the cells of an animal or a plant change in vivo due to the aging of the individual animal or plant. The author and associates of this article have been studying the latter changes from the viewpoint of the cell nutrients, the precursors for the macromolecular synthesis such as DNA, RNA, proteins, glucides and lipids, which are incorporated and synthesized into various cells of individual animals. Therefore, this article deals with only the cell aging of animal cells in vivo, how the metabolism, i.e., incorporations and syntheses of respective nutrient precursors in various kinds of cells change due to the aging of individual experimental animals such as mice and rats by means of microscopic radioautography to localize the RI-labeled precursors. The incorporations and syntheses of various precursors for macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, proteins, glucides, lipids and others in various kinds of cells of various organ in the circulatory systems such as the heart, the blood vessels, the blood cells, the lymphatic system and the spleen are reviewed referring many original papers already published from our laboratory during these 60 years since the late 20C.

AMM Basuny and SM Arafat. Current Research in Microbiology and Biotechnology 1(3) 2013: 111-118

111-118

ABSTRACT:The main purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of different pre-treatments on the reduction of acrylamide formation in potato strips when fried at 180 ± 5ºC. Potato strips were treated in one of the following ways prior to frying: soaking in distilled water with NaCl, immersion in citric acid solution, blanching in hot distilled water and adding olive leaf juice as natural antioxidant to sunflower at various concentrations. Glucose and asparagine concentration was determined in potato slices before frying, whereas acrylamide content was determined in the resultant fried potato slices. The results suggest that pre-treatment had a significant inhibitory effect on acrylamide formation in fried potato slices. Effect of these pre-treatments on the quality characteristics of frying oil, organoleptic tests and oil uptake of fried potato slices, were investigated. Results showed the organoleptic for fried potato slices were categorized excellent. Also, these treatments were effective in improving the oil uptake of potato slices and overall quality of fried sunflower oil.

M Hookoom and D Puchooa. Current Research in Microbiology and Biotechnology 1(3) 2013: 119-123

119-123

ABSTRACT:Heavy-metals have a crucial role in the metabolic processes of the biota. However, due to its excessive use and dumping, at high concentrations, they become toxic to both human and microbes. Bacteria have evolved uptake and efflux mechanisms to adapt in heavy metals contaminated environments and thus represent a potential source for bioremediation processes. Bacteria capable of accumulating heavy metals were isolated from soil samples from Mauritius and identified by standard biochemical test. Out of the 113 isolates, twelve were capable of growing in the presence of mercury, lead, silver, zinc and copper at varying concentrations (1.0-5.0mM) and were identified to belong to the Bacillales. This was confirmed by the sequenced 16S rDNA genes (≈491 bp) of all isolates. Two isolates showed 99% similarity with Bacillus cereus, four showed 98% similarity with Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis while the rest showed 91% similarity with Bacillus subtilis group when identified in the GenBank..