Tuesday, July 30, 2013

1307.7551 (Akshata Shenoy H. et al.)

In counterfactual quantum key distribution (QKD), two remote parties can securely share random polarization-encoded bits through the blocking rather than the transmission of particles. We propose a semi-counterfactual QKD, i.e., one where the secret bit is shared, and also encoded, based on the blocking or not blocking of a particle. As with other counterfactual schemes and the Goldenberg-Vaidman protocol, but unlike BB84, the encoding states are orthogonal and security arises from single-particle nonlocality. Unlike any of them, however, the secret bit generated is maximally indeterminate until the joint action of Alice and Bob. We prove the security of the protocol under a general incoherent attack, and study the most general photon-number preserving incoherent attack in detail.

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