A goal for gene delivery research is to design vectors capable of (a) delivering transgenes to target cells, (b) yielding efficient gene expression, and (c) minimizing any immune, inflammatory, or cytotoxic response. Current ...

Major therapeutic efforts have been devoted to targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is aberrantly expressed in many cancers and is correlated with tumor progression and invasiveness. In the current ...

While a link between chronic inflammation and cancer has been established, the mechanisms of genotoxicity in inflammatory environments remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that inflammation may provide cues that allow ...

Recent advances in chemotherapeutic development have targeted vital mechanisms that ensure survival of cancer cells; these include the ability to evade immune surveillance, undergo metabolic adaptations and form a defense ...

Numerous therapeutics, such as viral gene therapy vectors, have unintended toxicity in part due to interactions with inflammatory cytokine signaling to elicit hepatocyte death, thus limiting their clinical use. Although ...

IL-2 and IL-15 are common y-chain family cytokines critically involved in regulation of T cell differentiation and homeostasis. Both cytokines signal through a heterotrimeric surface receptor complex (IL-2/15R) composed ...

Gene therapy has the potential to cure thousands of diseases caused by genetic abnormalities, provide novel combination therapies for cancers and viral infections, and offer a new and effective platform for next generation ...

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant form of brain cancer. Even with treatment including surgery, radiation, and temozolomide chemotherapy, the 1 year survival rate is only 35%. To identify specific mediators ...

Biological cells such as endothelial or muscle cells respond to mechanical stimulation with activation of specific intracellular and extracellular signaling pathways and cytoskeletal remodeling, a process termed ...

How do cells sense their environment and decide whether to live or to die? This question has drawn considerable interest since 1972, when it was first discovered that cells have an intrinsic ability to self-destruct through ...

Cells use a complex web of protein signaling pathways to interpret extracellular cues and decide and execute cell fates such as survival, apoptosis, differentiation, and proliferation. Cell decisions can be triggered by ...

TLR-4 is essential in host defense against bacterial infection. By recognition of specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), TLR-4 can in tandem initiate a pair of downstream signaling ...

Lysine acetylation is a prevalent post-translational modification whose multi-varied biological roles have recently emerged. While having all the necessary components of a signaling network, lysine acetylation studies have ...

For many cancers, dissemination of tumor cells to form metastases is not only a hallmark of the disease but an essential step to mortality. Migration and dissemination are complex, multistep processes, and study of their ...

Developments in light microscopy over the past three centuries have opened new windows into cell structure and function, yet many questions remain unanswered by current imaging approaches. Deep ultraviolet microscopy ...

DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) are one of the major mediators of chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity in tumors. Cells that experience DNA damage can initiate a DNA damage-mediated cell-cycle arrest, attempt to repair the ...

Objectives: 1) To perform a quantitative comparison of proteins released to media on combination with cytokine (IL-1[beta[ or TNF-[alpha]) and Injury as compared to either treatment alone, and to thus identify proteins ...