Impeachment in India

The Effects of Brand Relationship Norms on Consumer Attitudes and Behavior
PANKAJ AGGARWAL*
The key premise underlying this work is that when consumers form relationships with brands they use norms of interpersonal relationships as a guide in their brand assessments. Two relationship types are examined: exchange relationships in which beneﬁts are given to others to get something back and communal relationships in which beneﬁts are given to show concern for other’s needs. The conceptual model proposes that an adherence to or a violation of these relationship norms inﬂuences the appraisal of the speciﬁc marketing action and also the overall brand evaluations. Results of three experiments provide converging evidence in support of the theory.

B

randing and brand-based differentiation are powerful means for creating and sustaining competitive advantage. Prior research has examined differences in how consumers perceive and evaluate brands, for example, through investigating brand equity (Keller 1993; McQueen, Foley, and Deighton 1993), brand personality (Aaker 1997; Plummer 1985) and brand extensions (Aaker and Keller 1990; Nakamoto, MacInnis, and Jung 1993). More recently, researchers have noted that consumers differ not only in how they perceive brands but also in how they relate to brands (Fournier 1998; Muniz and O’Guinn 2001). This line of research has suggested that people sometimes form rela-

*Pankaj Aggarwal is an assistant professor of marketing at the Division of Management, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada M1C 1A4 (aggarwal@utsc.utoronto.ca). This article was written as part of the author’s dissertation at the Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago. The author wishes to thank Ann L. McGill for her invaluable support and encouragement on the project, for having the patience and the energy to read the…...

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...1. Introduction
India is a country in the eastern part of the world. It’s the second most populated country and also has a very populous democracy. In India one-fourth of the population is urban, and three-fourth is rural. British took over India in the early 19th century and ruled it for three-hundred years. At that time India and Pakistan were one country.
After the British left in 1947, Pakistan became a separate country. Some of India’s great cities include Bombay (Mumbai), Calcutta, Madras, Bangalore, Delhi, and Hyderabad. New Delhi is the country’s capital. To the north of India lies China and to the south lies Sri Lanka. To the east lies Bangladesh, and to the west lies Pakistan.
India includes 28 states and 7 union territories. Some of India’s main landforms include the Himalayas to the north and the Ganges River to the east. It covers more than 1.2 million square miles.
2. Climate
India has five main seasons. They are monsoons, fall, winter, summer, and spring. During the monsoon, a heavy downpour occurs from June to September. Some cities get as much as three inches of rain, whereas some cities get as much as five-hundred inches.
The negative impact of the monsoons is flooding, but on the other hand monsoons are critical for irrigating the fields. After the monsoons are over, there can be extreme heat.
The monsoons are some of the reasons for India’s diseases, such as cholera and typhoid. On the contrary, if it does not rain much in a......

...Before arriving in India, I had no idea what to expect. I knew the trip was going to be a once in a lifetime opportunity but I didn’t really know what I was getting myself into. Now that I am back and have had time to reflect on the trip, I have to say that it was amazing and I experienced things I will never forget. Throughout everything we did and saw, the one thing that surprised me the most was how great the people of India were. I never know what to expect going to a totally different culture, but I have to say the kindness we experienced from people in India was amazing. People were always willing to help us any way that they could. Whether it was the hotel employees, the bus crew, restaurant staff, bystanders on the street, or even those living in absolute poverty, the people of India were always smiling at us and wanting to know where we were from. Most people would think that they were always looking for a rupee or two, but that was not the case. They were genuinely glad that we were in their country and wanted to make sure that we had the best experience possible. It was inspiring and amazing and I think we could all learn of a lot from them.
India was an eye-opening experience and it absolutely gave me an appreciation for how fortunate I am and it really put life into perspective. It made me realize what’s important and what I really value in life. There were times when I found myself frustrated, dirty, exhausted and ready to throw in the towel, but......

...Indian culture uses rich and beautiful colors in all aspects of life, whether you see it through rugs and paintings, or through textiles and architecture.
“The Indian culture is rooted in colorful traditions that date back to ancient history.”( Kohler, 2000-2011) A civilization known as Harappa, created a religion that is considered the oldest living religion. We know this religion as Hinduism. “India has traditionally been one of the most religiously tolerant in the world.”( Robinson, 2012) “However in 1998, a Hindu nationalistic political party the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) controlled the government of India. The linkage of religion, the national government, and nationalism led to a degeneration of the separation of church and state in India and a decrease in the level of religious tolerance in that country.”(Robinson, 2012) An increase of anti-Christian violence was one result of this linkage. With the later change in government, the level of violence has gone down, and India is a country of relative religious tolerance and peace.
Culture and food go hand and hand in India. Indian food represents the family and community connecting and sharing socially. “Indian dishes are commonly cooked with distinct spices and herbs that awaken your senses.”(Kohler,2000-2011) Five essential spices, namely mustard, fenugreek seed, cumin seed, aniseed, and black cumin seed are commonly used.
The Indian culture survived two hundred years of British rule and held their traditions......

...for.
INDIA
[pic]
PESTLE ANALYSIS
POLITICAL:
• India has stable government conditions, with a strong control on terrorism, which favors business growth and development. By this, foreign investors are more willing to invest. India has not laid down any minimum investment criteria.
• India has developed and maintained stable tax system.
• As an overall image, India has developed good political image throughout the world.
• There is high degree of political freedom as well as press freedom in India
• Indian Government Foreign policy, favors the growth and expansion of foreign brands as it also improves India’s image as overall.
• India promotes the growth of R&D sector.
ECONOMIC:
• Inflation rate in India is high but has decreased a little from 7.74 percent in December 2011 to 7.18 percent in December 2012.
• India has high human resource i.e. labor is available at economical rates as India is 2nd most populous country of the world.
• Although Apple iphones compromises of 1% smart phones all over in India, but surveys have shown that out of all iphone customers are more willing to purchase apps than any other smart phone.
• Literacy rate of India is high; Products of Apple are highly appreciated.
• As population is high, market size is high, so there are more chances of sale.
• India has strong trade regime with industry......

...Story of India
Today in society, I think people are not conscious that the way we develop we can learn through other people’s lifestyles or their personal experiences. There are extreme forms of ethnocentrism that happen to relate to social problems in today’s society from racism, ethnic cleansing, and all the way down to colonialism. In this paper I am going to talk about the film of the Story of India.
Story of India
This film or movie has a series of six sets. This movie talks about the world’s largest democracies and the rising economic giant. The movie was actually a documentary that was written or presented by Michael Wood and it related about the 10,000 year history of the Indian subcontinent in six series. It came on BBC in august and September of 07 and was named “India and Pakistan 07and it explained the independence of both countries
With the story of India it talked about the historical events, places to travel and the inside of looking at archeological and historical evidence on sight with interviewing different people.
The series was broken down in six different categories or series. The first episode was about the beginnings throughout the subcontinent and how they talk about the diversity and the cultures of their people.
The second episode was about the power of ideas and talked about how Alexander the Great's invasion of India inspired her first major empire, and it relates to the revoluntary years after 500bc.
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...India is my country and I am an Indian. It is the seventh largest country in the world and the second most populated country in the world. India is called by names Bharat and Hindustan. It is a peninsula, surrounded by the Bay of Bengal in the east, the Arabian Sea in the west and the Indian Ocean in the south.
Tiger is the national animal of India and peacock the national bird. The lotus in all its uniqueness is India’s national flower. The mango is the national fruit, which is cultivated from time unmemorable. Tricolor saffron – purity, white- peace and green – fertility with the Ashok Chakra in middle is the revered flag of India. ‘Jana Gana Mana’ is the national anthem sung with pride. Hockey is considered officially the National Sport although people are drawn into cricket these days.
India is a country with many entities like many languages, castes, religions, cultures and local histories but it is rich in unity in diversity, which makes it a single democratic nation.
India is known as land of spirituality and philosophy. Ancient religions like Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism molders of the country. There are other religions like Sikhism, Islam and Christianity, Judaism that emerged later. In ancient India, society was divided on the basis of caste system, which still persists in the modern India as well.
In different parts of India, different languages are spoken. Most of the languages of India belong to two families, Aryan and Dravidian. After Independence...

...committed grand jury perjury when he stated that he told Ms. Lewinsky she might be able to avoid testifying in the case by filing an affidavit. He also obstructed justice by allowing his attorney to use this false affidavit in an attempt to cut off a legitimate line of questioning during his deposition. He then lied about this obstruction before the grand jury. The President still denies he broke the law. He knows, however, that as soon as he does admit this then it’s all over for him. Personally I think the President did break the law. But is it worth sacrificing the wellbeing of the nation over this? Do we really want to look our kids in the eye and tell them that the nation’s economy was ruined over the Presidents penis?
How could this impeachment be good for the country? Is it somehow going to make the country stronger for people to see that even the President is not above the law. Every day people see cops fixing tickets, judges fixing tickets, politicians getting the children of their “friends” off the hook when they screwed up and there are hundreds of other ways people in this country avoid the consequences of the law. Americans are used to washing each others backs and looking the other way. Yet now the President can’t get away with exposing himself without being charged with obstruction of justice. It’s down right scary to think the President of the wealthiest country in the world doesn’t have enough pull to get out of this. I submit that O.J. Simpson got away......

...ndia officially the Republic of India (Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Burma (Myanmar) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; in addition, India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation and a region of historic trade routes and vast empires, the Indian subcontinent was identified with its commercial and cultural wealth for much of its long history Four religions—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism—originated here, whereas Zoroastrianism and the Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam arrived in the 1st millennium CE and also helped shape the region's diverse culture. Gradually annexed by and brought under the administration of the British East India Company from the early 18th century and administered directly by the United Kingdom after the Indian Rebellion of 1857, India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for independence that was marked by non-violent resistance led by Mahatma Gandhi. The Indian economy......

...the Partition of India?
By Kallie Szczepanski,
http://asianhistory.about.com/od/india/f/partitionofindiafaq.htm
Victims of the Delhi Riots are removed from the streets after the Partition of India, 1947
Hulton Archives / Getty Images
Question: What was the Partition of India?
Answer:
The Partition of India was the process of dividing the subcontinent along sectarian lines, which took place in 1947 as India gained its independence from the British Raj. The northern, predominantly Muslim sections of India became the nation of Pakistan, while the southern and majority Hindu section became the Republic of India.
Background to Partition
In 1885, the Hindu-dominated Indian National Congress (INC) met for the first time. When the British made an attempt to divide the state of Bengal along religious lines in 1905, the INC lead huge protests against the plan. This sparked the formation of the Muslim League, which sought to guarantee the rights of Muslims in any future independence negotiations.
Although the Muslim League formed in opposition to the INC, and the British colonial government attempted to play the INC and Muslim League off one another, the two political parties generally cooperated in their mutual goal of getting Britain to "Quit India." Both the INC and the Muslim League supported sending Indian volunteer troops to fight on Britain's behalf in World War I; in exchange for the service of more than 1 million Indian soldiers, the people of India expected......

...Ask not what you can do for your country
No country is perfect, but a country can be made perfect by its citizens’ contributions.
Our country, India, is a developing country. It needs the contributions of its citizens. But its citizens are least bothered about it and most of them think “What can I do? It’s the duty of the government, isn’t it?” But on contrary only we the people of India can bring about the changes in our country.
Today, every citizen of India complains about the corrupt officials and ministers of our government. Ask any child about what he wants to become when he grows up and his answer is teacher, engineer or doctor. But no one says a “Politian”. But why not become a politician? As a result of the common perception about politicians being corrupt, India does not have too many honest, efficient and intelligent students who have contributed in other fields had contributed to the field of politics also, today India would have been a far more developed than it is today.
We say that we don’t have proper facilities in India, but we must not forget that half of the population of India doesn’t pay taxes and it is commonly felt that quite a large percentage of the taxes that are collected go into the pockets of corrupt bureaucrats and ministers.
Then we complain about the lack of cleanliness in our country. We say that our government is doing nothing to keep our country clean and green! Let me remind you that it is not the government that throws empty......

...What is impeachment? What happens if you get impeached? Impeachment is when congress decides on the criminal acts the president, if he should be dismissed from the title as president or not. Bill Clinton was in the process of being impeached. In this essay, I will provide you the history of President Clinton, the reason why he was impeached, and finally the results of his impeachments. Want to know what happens if you get impeached, then keep reading.
Born in Hope, Arkansas, on August 19, 1946, President Clinton was raised by his mother and his alcoholic and abusive stepfather. Bill Clinton decided he wanted to be President when he first shook hands with President John F. Kennedy while visiting the White House during a high school field trip in 1963. Bill Clinton claims this was one of his most memorable events as a youth. Bill Clinton went to Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. and earned a Bachelor degree in International Affairs. He then went on to study government at Oxford University in 1968, followed by Yale to study law. In 1975, Hillary married Bill and a year later he was elected as Attorney General of Arkansas. In 1978, Bill Clinton became the youngest governor in the U.S. President Clinton didn’t have the most spotless reputation of high morals. By 1992 when he became president, he successfully defeated the allegations of marital infidelity, pot smoking, and dodging the draft for the military (The History Place- Impeachment: Bill Clinton,......

...India
Introduction
India is located in southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan. It is the world's seventh largest country and second only to China in terms of population. India has long been a country plagued with poverty, but is now building itself and its economy. It is accomplishing this with new entries into the world market and a different outlook on economics. The future of India is uncertain for the moment, but the opportunity for growth and prosperity is most assuredly present. It will take time for India to emerge as a nation free from its problems, but is plausible with international trade.
India’s Culture and Its Economic Implications
India is certainly a country that is rich in history and culture. India acquired its independence from Britain on August 15th in 1947. Unlike the American and French revolutions, the Indian revolution was one of peace and temperament. The diversity that now exists within the borders of India is evident in the colorful mix of languages, ethnicity, and religious beliefs.
As a throwback to the era of British rule, English is most important language for national, political, and commercial communication. However, Hindi is the national language and primary tongue of 30% of people. There is also a blend of several other languages that are spoken throughout India such as Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi,...

...India (i/ˈɪndiə/), officially the Republic of India (Bhārat Gaṇarājya),[c] is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;[d] China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Burma and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; in addition, India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border withThailand and Indonesia.
Home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation and a region of historic trade routes and vast empires, the Indian subcontinent was identified with its commercial and cultural wealth for much of its long history.[8] Four of the world's major religions—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism—originated here. Judaism arrived in the 6th century B.C.E. Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived in the 1st millennium CE and also helped shape the region's diverse culture. Gradually annexed by and brought under the administration of theBritish East India Company from the early 18th century and administered directly by the United Kingdom from the mid-19th century, India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for independence that was marked by non-violent resistance and led......

...IMPEACHMENT OF A JUDGE
PROCEDURE OF IMPEACHMENT:
Impeachment is a formal process in which an official is accused of unlawful activity, the outcome of which, depending on the country, may include the removal of that official from office as well as other punishment.
A member of the higher judiciary, which means the Judges and Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of India and the state High Courts, can be removed from service only through the process of impeachment under Article 124 (4) of the Constitution on grounds of proven misbehaviour or incapacity. In India, there is no other process by which a Judge can be removed from office before his term comes to an end. However, the process is very cumbersome.
Impeachment of judges can only be done on grounds of 'proven misbehavior' and 'incapacity'. if a judge of SC is to be impeached, recommendation must be made by the chief justice of India to the President. if it is accepted then a proposal for impeachment must be introduced by atleast 100 MPs in Lok sabha or 50 MPs in Rajya sabha. the concerned judge is to be given a copy of the proposal before the discussion takes place in the Parliament. the motion should be passed by a majority of two-thirds of the members present and voting ,seperately in each house. if the motion is passed...

...Indian Education System
Presented by: Doff
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History
* India has a long history of organized education. The Gurukul system of education in which students were taught orally and the data would be passed from one generation to the next.
Up to the 17th century
* The first millennium and the few centuries preceding it saw the flourishing of higher education at Nalanda, Takshashila University, Ujjain, & Vikramshila Universities.
* Art, Architecture, Painting, Logic, mathematics, Grammar, Philosophy, Astronomy, Literature, Buddhism, Hinduism, Arthashastra (Economics & Politics), Law, and Medicine were among the subjects taught.
After 1976
* In 1976, education was made a joint responsibility of the states and the Centre through a constitutional amendment
* Center is represented by Ministry of Human Resource Development's Department of Education and together with the states, it is jointly responsible for the formulation of education policy and planning.
* The 86th Amendment of the Indian constitution makes education a fundamental right for all children aged 6-14 years.
Today education system in India can be divided into many stages. Pre- Primary - It consists of children of 3-5 years of age studying in nursery, lower kindergarten and upper kindergarten. At this stage student is given knowledge about school life and is taught to read and write some basic......