100 Autoimmune Diseases

An autoimmune disease is a pathological state arising from an abnormal immune response of the body to substances and tissues that are normally present in the body. Autoimmunity, on the other hand, is the presence of self-reactive immune response (e.g., auto-antibodies, self-reactive T-cells), with or without damage or pathology resulting from it. This may be restricted to certain organs (e.g. in autoimmune thyroiditis) or involve a particular tissue in different places (e.g. Goodpasture’s disease which may affect the basement membrane in both the lung and the kidney).

A large number of autoimmune diseases are recognized. A major understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases has been the application of genome wide association scans that have identified a striking degree of genetic sharing among the autoimmune diseases

Other Qualifiers

A

“Accepted” in prior version of this table

C

A comorbidity common among people with autoimmune disease, but with no evidence of being itself caused by autoimmunity

E

Disease is an autoimmune response triggered by a specific environmental factor

F

Disease is only caused by autoimmunity in only a fraction of those who suffer from it

I

Described as an autoinflammatory disease

L

Evidence to indicate autoimmunity is extremely limited or circumstantial

M

Disease appears under Autoimmune Diseases in MeSH

N

Not listed in prior version of this table

R

Disease appeared in prior version but has been renamed. In renaming, precedence has been given to scientific names over those based on discoverers.

S

“Suspected” in the prior version of this table

T

Disease has a known trigger, such as viral infection, vaccination, or injury

X

An extremely rare disease, which would suggest limited opportunity to study it and conclusively determine whether it is caused by autoimmunity

Y

Listed in the prior version of this table with “Accepted/Suspected” left blank

Autoantibodies: Anti-p62, Anti-sp100, Anti-Mitochondrial(M2)Anti-Ro aka SSA. Note that Sjogren’s is classified in some places (e.g., MeSH) as rheumatoid disease, but there is no published evidence to support that classification.

Autoimmune Comorbidities

This list includes conditions that are not diseases but signs common to autoimmune disease. Some, such as Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, are controversial. These conditions are included here because they are frequently listed as autoimmune diseases but should not be included in the list above until there is more consistent evidence.

Organ/Tissue TypeDisease Name

Level of Acceptance for Autoimmunity

Hypersensitivity(I,II,III,IV)

Notes/Autoantibodies/Synonyms

Chronic fatigue syndrome

Comorbidity, N

Symptomatic of autoimmune diseases or autoimmune activity, but not a disease or a cause of disease.

Possibly symptomatic of autoimmune diseases, but not a disease or a cause of disease. Autoantibodies: serum antiparietal and anti-IF antibodies.

POEMS syndrome[91]

Comorbidity, Y

Possibly symptomatic of autoimmune diseases, but not a disease or a cause of disease. Autoantibodies: interleukin 1β, interleukin 6 and TNFα. vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), given the ..

Raynaud’s phenomenon

Comorbidity, S

Symptomatic of autoimmune diseases or autoimmune activity, but not a disease or a cause of disease.

Primary immunodeficiency[92]

Comorbidity, N

The condition is inherited, but it is associated with several autoimmune diseases.

Pyoderma gangrenosum

Comorbidity, Y

Possibly symptomatic of autoimmune diseases, but not a disease or a cause of disease.

Not Autoimmune

At this time, there is not sufficient evidence – direct, indirect, or circumstantial – to indicate that these diseases are caused by autoimmunity. These conditions are included here because:

The disease was listed in the prior version of this table

The disease is included in several widely used lists of autoimmune disease. It is included here to ensure that a person visiting this page does not conclude that the disease was not considered. Before moving a condition from here to the list of autoimmune diseases, references should be provided in the Wikipedia page for the condition that point to evidence of autoimmunity.

Organ/Tissue TypeDisease Name

Level of Acceptance for Autoimmunity

Hypersensitivity(I,II,III,IV)

Notes/Autoantibodies/Synonyms

Agammaglobulinemia

Not Autoimmune, Y

An immune system disorder but not an autoimmune disease.. Autoantibodies: IGHM; IGLL1: CD79A; CD79B; BLNK; LRRC8A.

Autoantibodies: IgA produced from marrow rather than MALT. Synonyms: IgA nephrits, Berger’s disease, Synpharyngitic Glomerulonephritis. An immune system disorder but not an autoimmune disease.

Immunoregulatory lipoproteins[

Not Autoimmune, N

Not a disease.

IPEX syndrome

Not Autoimmune, N

A genetic mutation in FOXP3 that leads to autoimmune diseases, but no consistent evidence that it is an autoimmune disorder itself.. Synonyms: X-linked polyendocrinopathy, immunodeficiency and diarrhea-syndrome (XLAAD)

Ligneous conjunctivitis

Not Autoimmune, N

No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.

Majeed syndrome

Not Autoimmune, Y

No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity. Autoantibodies: LPIN2.

Narcolepsy

Not Autoimmune, Y

II?

No evidence of association with autoimmunity. Research not reproducible. Autoantibodies: hypocretin or orexin, HLA-DQB1*0602.

Rasmussen’s encephalitis

Not Autoimmune, Y

No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity. Autoantibodies: anti-NR2A antibodies.

Schizophrenia

Not Autoimmune, S

No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity.

Serum sickness

Not Autoimmune, Y

III

A hypersensitivity.

Spondyloarthropathy

Not Autoimmune, Y

No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity. Autoantibodies: HLA-B27.

Sweet’s syndrome

Not Autoimmune, Y

No consistent evidence of association with autoimmunity. Autoantibodies: GCSF.