We propose a distribution kinetics model for the polymorphic transformation (anatase to rutile) and coarsening of TiO 2. Based on population balance equations for the size distributions of the dimorphs, the simplified model applies a first-order rate expression for transformation combined with Smoluchowski coalescence for coarsening of anatase and rutile particles. Two moments of the size ...

intercalation properties for anatase, rutile, and TiO 2 (B). The magnitude of GGA intercalation voltage underestimation is shown to vary depending on the polymorphs. We ﬁnd that Li intercalation is most energetically preferred in anatase, while Na intercalation is most feasible for TiO 2 (B). Using the screened exchange hybrid functional, all intercalation processes are shown to be ...

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2014-02-10· Anatase has a larger band gap than rutile TiO 2. While this reduces the light that can be absorbed, it may raise the valence band maximum to higher energy levels relative to redox potentials of adsorbed molecules.

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Anatase, rutile, and TiO 2 (B) have all been examined for their potential application in Li- and Na-based battery materials, and a wide range of results has been reported. It has been experimentally conﬁrmed that anatase can readily incorporate Li.5,8−10 For Na, however, the situation is not as clear and is dependent on the TiO 2 nanostructure. Xiong et al. 11 tested nanowire TiO 2 grown ...

Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania, is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula TiO 2. When used as a pigment, it is called titanium white, Pigment White 6 …

Rutile vs Anatase Titanium Dioxide: Rutile titanium dioxide or commonly rutile is a mineral that primarily has TiO 2 with a deep red appearance. Anatase titanium dioxide is a form of TiO 2 that has an appearance with yellow to blue color.

Abstract. Titanium dioxide, TiO 2, is an important photocatalytic material that exists as two main polymorphs, anatase and rutile. The presence of either or both of these phases impacts on the photocatalytic performance of the material.

For instance, the commercial photocatalyst TiO 2-P25 (Degussa-Huls) is composed of anatase and rutile phases and exhibits relatively good photocatalytic activity, which is associated with good charge separation at the interface of the rutile and anatase phases [10,11].

Review of the anatase to rutile phase transformation ... initial crystalline TiO 2 phase formed is generally anatase [82, 83]. From a structural perspective, this could be due to the greater ease of the short-range ordered TiO 6 octahedra in arranging into long-range ordered anatase structure owing to the less-constrained molecular construction of anatase relative to rutile [84]. Alternatively ...

Anatase is one of the three mineral forms of titanium dioxide, the other two being brookite and rutile. It is always found as small, isolated and sharply developed crystals, and like rutile, a more commonly occurring modification of titanium dioxide, it crystallizes in the tetragonal system.

For example, Hsieh et al. obtained both anatase and rutile TiO 2 on SrTiO 3 substrates, but while the anatase phase was deposited directly on the substrate, the rutile phase was grown by oxidizing titanium nitride films [22] .

In 1991, Bickley et al. proposed a synergetic effect between anatase and rutile in Degussa P25. Since then, there has been an intensive debate about the correctness of this proposal, the origin of the synergism, and the right polymorph composition.

Brookite and anatase are thermodynamically less stable than rutile. Heating the films at a temperature near 900°C converts them to rutile phase [7]. In contrast to the extensive studies on the rutile phase, very little is known about

In general, anatase TiO 2 exhibits higher photocatalytic activities than rutile TiO 2. However, the reasons for the differences in photocatalytic activity between anatase and rutile are still being debated.

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