Cause

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What causes Devic disease?

In most cases, the exact cause of Devic disease is unknown. However, studies of affected nerves have improved our understanding of the disease process. In Devic disease, certain immune proteins (autoantibodies) attach themselves to specialized proteins in the spinal cord and optical nerve called "water channel proteins." The autoantibodies signal immune cells to attack, resulting in damage to myelin and the breakdown of healthy nerves and tissues.[1]

There is a strong link between Devic disease and a personal or family history of other autoimmune conditions. In fact, 50% of people with Devic disease are also affected by other autoimmune conditions and/or have family members with an autoimmune condition.[2]

There have been a few cases of Devic disease occurring in association with certain infectious conditions (e.g., syphilis, HIV, chlamydia, varicella, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein Barr virus). The nature of this link isn't clear. It is possible that certain infections may trigger Devic disease in peoeple who are predisposed to the condition.[1]