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AgNPs have been currently applied as disinfecting agents in gener

AgNPs have been currently applied as disinfecting agents in general practice due to their antibacterial effects (http://​www.​nanotechproject.​org/​inventories/​consumer/​analysis_​draft/​). Therefore, antibacterial activity of the resulted AgNP solutions, namely

AgNPs/PVA, AgNPs/PVP, AgNPs/sericin, and Temsirolimus order AgNPs/alginate was tested. Figure 3 displayed the dynamics of bacterial growth in liquid LB medium supplemented with 107 E. coli cells/100 mL and 1-mg/L AgNPs in different stabilizers. OD o and OD t (Figure 3) are the optical density values of the studied sample solutions at the beginning and at the different contacting time, respectively. In all AgNP-treated samples, the AgNPs caused a growth delay of E. coli compared with the control sample, and the growth delay effect was different in the following sequence: AgNPs/alginate (7.6 nm) > AgNPs/PVA (6.1 nm) > AgNPs/PVP (4.3 nm) > AgNPs/sericin (10.2 nm). The obtained results also proved that the antibacterial effect of AgNPs depends not only on the size but also on the stabilizer used. Figure 3 The growth curves of E. coli exposed to the colloidal AgNPs in different stabilizers. In addition, Sondi and Salopek-Sondi [25] and Tiwari et al. [22] reported that the

concentration of AgNPs is mainly responsible for the antibacterial effect along with treatment time. Moreover, Selleck LY2603618 the results of El Badawy et al. have also confirmed that the stabilizers of the AgNPs were one of the most important Thiamet G determinants of the antibacterial activity of AgNPs [20]. For that reason, upon each application purpose, the INCB28060 purchase appropriate stabilizer should be chosen for capping AgNPs, especially for applying AgNPs as antibacterial agents. Therefore, in

this study, an antibacterial handwash solution was prepared using Na-LS as surfactant, HEC as binder, and 15 mg/L of AgNPs/alginate as antimicrobial agent. Photographs of handwash solutions and bactericidal activity were showed in Figure 4. The handwash without AgNPs (HW) was almost non-antibacterial against E. coli; the η value reached approximately 6.2% only. The bactericidal efficiency with only 3-mg/L AgNPs diluted from the handwash solution against E. coli with a bioburden of approximately 107 CFU/100 ml (E. coli infection is much higher in comparison with real conditions) was 74.6%, 89.8%, and 99.0% for 1, 3, and 5 min of contacting time, respectively (Table 2). Figure 4 Photograph of handwash containing AgNPs and the growth of E. coli in LB agar with time. Table 2 The bactericidal efficiency ( η ) of handwash/AgNPs with contacting time Time E. coli (CFU/mL) η (%) Control (LB) 33.9 × 105 – Control (HW) 31.8 × 105 6.2 1 min 86.0 × 104 74.6 3 min 34.6 × 104 89.8 5 min 3.3 × 104 99.0 Wei et al. also reported the high bactericidal effect of AgNPs with sizes of 6 to 8 nm against E. coli, particularly the η value of 10-mg/L AgNPs which was approximately 99.9% for 2 min of contacting time [11].