Category Archives: International

By John StewartDirector, Policy and ResearchCanadian Nuclear Association

The UN’s 69th General Assembly opened today in New York. On the agenda is “stemming the existential threat of climate change,” along with a litany of other crises from Ebola to ISIS.

I commented six months ago that only a “Poland moment” – the arrival of real, widespread fear for our way of life – might get climate change recognized as an “existential threat.” Let alone get it “stemmed.” I doubt that we are there yet.

But as catastrophic as the outlook seems on carbon emissions, I am not completely pessimistic. Governments do face up to, and act to mitigate, grave threats, even at times when doing so is costly and defies electoral arithmetic. The record of improving air and water quality in developed areas of the globe since the 1960s attests to this. So do many other international efforts to improve human health and security.

While it takes time, our governments have shown they can act to address environmental challenges. Source: Environment Canada.

How hopeful can we dare to be that a child born today will not witness hundreds of millions of people being displaced by rising seas and desertification due to climate change? Or at least, that he or she will live to see a substantial turnaround of this process?

Here are what I see as the negatives that support a pessimistic view:

Lack of action by major national governments so far – except for grasping at fake “solutions” that are politically expedient (such as farm subsidies dressed up as “biofuels”), are subsidy-based and therefore inefficient and unsustainable (much wind and solar). All of which create new vested interests faster than they decarbonize our lifestyles. Slightly less bad is watching government jump into solutions that may work out, but are too far down the road to be useful in the near-term climate battle (such as technology development funds).

A global policymaking environment of crises upon crises – to take just a few examples: for Europeans, the Eurozone economic crisis followed by Ukraine; for Arabs, the Arab Spring followed by Egypt and Syria; for Americans, financial crisis followed by politico-fiscal paralysis, military withdrawals, and now a new war.

The long financial crisis and sluggish world economy – putting a continuing drag on governments’ fiscal capacity, and also slowing the rate at which infrastructure can be rebuilt on lower-carbon technologies.

On the other hand, here are some major positives, raising hope that something can be done:

Real concern at the top – the UN Secretary-General, the US President, and many other top political, business and intellectual leaders appear to recognize the threat posed by climate change.

Steps forward by smaller players – large companies, industry associations and sub-national governments have been willing to be early movers, and some of those moves seem to have worked well.

Leadership in the high-growth regions – while dense emerging markets like China and India may remain far behind the West in many aspects of environmental quality, their high rates of infrastructure investment give them once-in-a-century opportunities to build lower-carbon systems in electric power, transportation and urban design. In fits and starts, they are seizing it.

The ecosphere will benefit if high-growth countries make good choices (as China does when it invests in fifty or seventy nuclear power plants instead of coal-fired units), and stable economies such as ours continue to rely on nuclear.

Weighing the scales, my own view is that the odds that we can still act to mitigate climate change are better than bleak.

The conference took place at the BEXCO Convention Centre in beautiful Busan, Korea. Busan, a port city, is known for bringing people together from all over the world, to attend its international conventions and exhibits.

The seats were filled as the morning keynotes began on April 16. By afternoon there was standing room only in many of the technical sessions. The number of participants swelled further as hundreds of high school students visited the trade show.

South Korea’s nuclear industry ensures visibility through advertising, including on this sign at a bus stop at Gimhae International Airport in Busan.

Korea is the fifth largest producer of nuclear power in the world and is poised to add 16 new reactors to its 23 reactor fleet. Nuclear power will continue to supply 30% of Korea’s electricity. Korea will be building on a history that includes four CANDU reactors.

Newspaper clipping from the Pinawa Press. The caption reads: “An exhibition game was held Sunday afternoon at the Pinawa soccer field between the Pinawa Selects and the Korean team, members of the Korean contingent who are on a work project with AECL (Atomic Energy of Canada Limited) for 6 months. The game proved to be an exciting one with good action back and forth between the two goals…”

Korea has a long history of technology exchange with Canada. During the conference Korean scientists shared stories of their work experience at the Whiteshell Laboratories in Manitoba, and the Douglas Point reactor in Ontario.

In-Cheol Lim, Vice President of the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, shared a Pinawa Press news clipping from a soccer match that he participated in while working at Whiteshell Laboratories. As the smiling faces suggest, it might be time for Canadian and Korean scientists to team up once again.