World's 'shadow banks' continue to expand

LONDON (Reuters) - Growth in global bond, real estate and money market funds continued to swell the world’s “shadow banking” sector, a watchdog that coordinates financial regulation for the G20 big economies said on Monday.

A woman walks past a board showing the length and annual yield rates of finance products, outside a shop in Shanghai, China, November 18, 2015. REUTERS/Aly Song

The Financial Stability Board said its “narrow” measure of shadow banking activities that could pose a threat to stability, rose 7.6 percent to $45.2 trillion in 2016, the latest year for which figures have been collated.

It represents 13 percent of total financial system assets in the 29 jurisdictions surveyed. Data from China and Luxembourg were included in the measure for the first time.

“Non-bank financing provides a valuable alternative to bank financing and helps support real economic activity,” the FSB said in its report. Nevertheless, increased reliance on non-bank funding could give rise to new risks, it said.

The so-called shadow banking sector, made up of companies other than banks that provide financial services, has been treated with suspicion by some regulators since the financial crisis a decade ago.

Still, it has some champions among policymakers who say it helps keep capital markets more liquid. The European Union actively courts participants to diversify away from heavy reliance on bank loans for EU companies.

Apart from debt investment funds, the measure of shadow banking also includes the repurchase and debt securitisation markets as well as hedge funds involved in credit.

Faced with few rules in the past, sub-sectors like securitisation are now regulated and seen to pose less risk to stability.

Regulators have asked funds to have safeguards in place for extreme market turbulence to avoid instability from fire sales of assets if many investors ask for their money back.

The United States accounts for 31 percent of the narrow measure, followed by China with 16 percent, the Cayman Islands at 10 percent and Japan at 6 percent.

A broader measure, which includes all financial firms that are not central banks, banks, pension funds or insurers, rose 8 percent to $99 trillion to represent 30 percent of global financial assets, its highest level since at least 2002, the FSB said.