Operation MascotOperation MascotOperation Mascot was an unsuccessful British carrier air raid
conducted against the
German battleship TirpitzGerman battleship Tirpitz at her anchorage in
Kaafjord, Norway, on 17 July 1944. The attack was one of a series of
strikes against the battleship launched from aircraft carriers between
April and August 1944, and was initiated after Allied intelligence
determined that the damage inflicted during the Operation Tungsten
raid on 3 April had been repaired.
A force of 44 British dive bombers and 40 fighters took off from three
aircraft carriers in the early hours of 17 July. German radar stations
detected these aircraft while they were en route to Kaafjord, and
Tirpitz was protected by a smoke screen by the time the strike force
arrived. Few of the British airmen were able to spot the battleship,
and their attacks did not inflict any significant damage
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Operation ProvidentOperation Provident was carried out during
World War IIWorld War II by the Home
Fleet of the
Royal NavyRoyal Navy in the period 22–29 November 1944. The
purpose of the operation was to carry out attacks on enemy shipping on
the coast of
NorwayNorway between latitudes 64° 30′ and 69° North. The
operation took place under the personal command of the
Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleet,
AdmiralAdmiral Sir Henry Ruthven Moore,
flying his flag in the aircraft carrier HMS Implacable. It is
remembered for the destruction of MS Rigel in Norway's worst
disaster at sea.
The force consisted of two groups, designated Force 7 and Force 8.[1]
Force 7 comprised the flagship Implacable, HMS Dido, and six
destroyers: HMS Myngs (Captain (D) 23rd Destroyer Flotilla),
HMS Scorpion, HMS Scourge, HMCS Sioux, HMS Zephyr
and HMCS Algonquin
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Torpedo Bomber
A torpedo bomber is a military aircraft designed primarily to attack
ships with aerial torpedoes.
TorpedoTorpedo bombers came into existence just
before the First World War almost as soon as aircraft were built that
were capable of carrying the weight of a torpedo, and remained an
important aircraft type until they were rendered obsolete by anti-ship
missiles. They were an important element in many famous Second World
War battles, notably the British attack at
TarantoTaranto and the Japanese
attack on Pearl Harbor.Contents1 Types
2 History2.1 First torpedo bombers
2.2 First World War
2.3 Interwar years
2.4 Second World War
2.5 Replacement and obsolescence2.5.1 Rockets
2.5.2 Multi-role attack/strike aircraft3 Tactics
4 Notable torpedo bomber pilots
5 See also
6 References
7 External linksTypes[edit]
TorpedoTorpedo bombers first appeared immediately prior to the First World
War
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Home Fleet
The
Home FleetHome Fleet was a fleet of the
Royal NavyRoyal Navy that operated in the
United Kingdom's territorial waters from 1902 with intervals until
1967. Before the First World War, it consisted of the four Port Guard
ships.[which?] During the First World War, it comprised some of the
older ships of the Royal Navy
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Fjord
Geologically, a fjord or fiord (/ˈfjɔːrd/ ( listen),
/fiˈɔːrd/ ( listen))[1] is a long, narrow inlet with
steep sides or cliffs, created by a glacier.[2] There are many fjords
on the coasts of Alaska, British Columbia, Chile, Greenland, Iceland,
the Kerguelen Islands, New Zealand, Norway, Novaya Zemlya, Labrador,
Nunavut, Newfoundland, Scotland, and Washington state.[3] Norway's
coastline is estimated at 29,000 kilometres (18,000 mi) with
1,190 fjords, but only 2,500 kilometres (1,600 mi) when fjords
are excluded.[4][5]Contents1 Formation
2
FjordFjord[...More...]

Norwegian Sea
The Norwegian
SeaSea (Norwegian: Norskehavet) is a marginal sea in the
Arctic Ocean, northwest of Norway. It is located between the North Sea
(i.e. north of the United Kingdom) and the
GreenlandGreenlandSeaSea and adjoins
the Barents
SeaSea to the northeast. In the southwest, it is separated
from the Atlantic
OceanOcean by a submarine ridge running between Iceland
and the Faroe Islands. To the North, the
Jan MayenJan Mayen Ridge separates it
from the
GreenlandGreenland Sea.
Unlike many other seas, most of the bottom of the Norwegian
SeaSea is not
part of a continental shelf and therefore lies at a great depth of
about two kilometres on average
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Arctic Convoys Of World War II
A convoy is a group of vehicles, typically motor vehicles or ships,
traveling together for mutual support and protection. Often, a convoy
is organized with armed defensive support
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Royal Navy
The Royal
NavyNavy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force.
Although warships were used by the English kings from the early
medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in
the
Hundred Years WarHundred Years War against the Kingdom of France. The modern Royal
NavyNavy traces its origins to the early 16th century; the oldest of the
UK's armed services, it is known as the Senior Service.
From the middle decades of the 17th century, and through the 18th
century, the Royal
NavyNavy vied with the Dutch
NavyNavy and later with the
French
NavyNavy for maritime supremacy. From the mid 18th century, it was
the world's most powerful navy until surpassed by the United States
NavyNavy during the Second World War
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U-boatU-boatU-boat is an anglicised version of the German word U-Boot
[ˈuːboːt] ( listen), a shortening of Unterseeboot,
literally "undersea boat".[1] While the German term refers to any
submarine, the English one (in common with several other languages)
refers specifically to military submarines operated by Germany,
particularly in the First and Second World Wars. Although at times
they were efficient fleet weapons against enemy naval warships, they
were most effectively used in an economic warfare role (commerce
raiding) and enforcing a naval blockade against enemy shipping
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Smoke Screen
A smoke screen is smoke released to mask the movement or location of
military units such as infantry, tanks, aircraft or ships.
SmokeSmoke screens are commonly deployed either by a canister (such as a
grenade) or generated by a vehicle (such as a tank or a warship).
Whereas smoke screens were originally used to hide movement from
enemies' line of sight, modern technology means that they are now also
available in new forms; they can screen in the infrared as well as
visible spectrum of light to prevent detection by infrared sensors or
viewers, and they are also available for vehicles in a superdense form
used to block laser beams of enemy target desi
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RadarRadarRadar is an object-detection system that uses radio waves to determine
the range, angle, or velocity of objects. It can be used to detect
aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather
formations, and terrain. A radar system consists of a transmitter
producing electromagnetic waves in the radio or microwaves domain, a
transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna (often the same antenna is
used for transmitting and receiving) and a receiver and processor to
determine properties of the object(s).
RadioRadio waves (pulsed or
continuous) from the transmitter reflect off the object and return to
the receiver, giving information about the object's location and
speed.
RadarRadar was developed secretly for military use by several nations in
the period before and during World War II
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Fighter Aircraft
A fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for
air-to-air combat against other aircraft,[1] as opposed to bombers and
attack aircraft, whose main mission is to attack ground targets. The
hallmarks of a fighter are its speed, maneuverability, and small size
relative to other combat aircraft.
Many fighters have secondary ground-attack capabilities, and some are
designed as dual-purpose fighter-bombers; often aircraft that do not
fulfill the standard definition are called fighters. This may be for
political or national security reasons, for advertising purposes, or
other reasons.[2]
A fighter's main purpose is to establish air superiority over a
battlefield
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Dive Bomber
A dive bomber is a bomber aircraft that dives directly at its targets
in order to provide greater accuracy for the bomb it drops. Diving
towards the target simplifies the bomb's trajectory and allows the
pilot to keep visual contact throughout the bomb run. This allows
attacks on point targets and ships, which were difficult to attack
with conventional level bombers, even en masse.[citation needed]
Glide bombing is a similar technique using shallower dive angles that
does not require a sharp pull-up after dropping the bombs
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