Description: These pages from an NSA internal catalogue describe the tools available to the agency in 2008: see the Der Spiegel article NSA’s Secret Toolbox: Unit Offers Spy Gadgets for Every Need, 30 December 2013

Document: S3222_DEITYBOUNCE.jpg: ﻿SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

DEITYBOUNCE

ANT Product Data

(TS//SI//REL) DEITYBOUNCE provides software application persistence on Dell
PowerEdge servers by exploiting the motherboard BIOS and utilizing System
Management Mode (SMM) to gain periodic execution while the Operating System
loads.

(TS//SI//REL) Through remote access or interdiction, ARKSTREAM is used to re-
flash the BIOS on a target machine to implant DEITYBOUNCE and its payload (the
implant installer). Implantation via interdiction may be accomplished by non-
technical operator though use of a USB thumb drive. Once implanted,
DEITYBOUNCE’s frequency of execution (dropping the payload) is configurable and
will occur when the target machine powers on.

(TS//SI//REL) FEEDTROUGH can be used to persist two implants, ZESTYLEAK and/or
BANANAGLEE across reboots and software upgrades on known and covered OS’s for the
following Netscreen firewalls, ns5xt, ns25, ns50, ns200, ns500 and ISG 1000. There is no
direct communication to or from FEEDTROUGH, but if present, the BANANAGLEE implant
can receive and transmit covert channel comms, and for certain platforms, BANANAGLEE
can also update FEEDTROUGH. FEEDTROUGH however can only persist OS’s included
in it’s databases. Therefore this is best employed with known OS’s and if a new OS comes
out. then the customer would need to add this OS to the FEEDTROUGH database for that
particular firewall.

(TS//SI//REL) FEEDTROUGH operates every time the particular Juniper firewall boots. The
first hook takes it to the code which checks to see if the OS is in the database, if it is, then a
chain of events ensures the installation of either one or both implants. Otherwise the firewall
boots normally. If the OS is one modified by DNT, it is not recognized, which gives the
customer freedom to field new software.

Status: (S//SI//REL) FEEDTROUGH has on the shelf solutions for all of the listed platforms.
It has been deployed on many target platforms

(TS//SI//REL) Through interdiction, BULLDOZER is installed in the target system as
a PCI bus hardware implant. After fielding, if KONGUR is removed from the system
as a result of an operating system upgrade or reinstall, GINSU can be set to trigger
on the next reboot of the system to restore the software implant.

(TS//SI//REL) GOPHERSET is a software implant for GSM (Global System for
Mobile communication) subscriber identify module (SIM) cards. This implant pulls
Phonebook, SMS, and call log information from a target handset and exfiltrates it to
a user-defined phone number via short message service (SMS).

10/01/08

(U//FOUO) GOPHERSET - Operational Schematic

(TS//SI//REL) Modern SIM cards (Phase 2+) have an application program interface
known as the SIM Toolkit (STK). The STK has a suite of proactive commands that
allow the SIM card to issue commands and make requests to the handset.
GOPHERSET uses STK commands to retrieve the requested information and to
exfiltrate data via SMS. After the GOPHERSET file is compiled, the program is
loaded onto the SIM card using either a Universal Serial Bus (USB) smartcard
reader or via over-the-air provisioning. In both cases, keys to the card may be
required to install the application depending on the service provider's security
configuration.

(TS//SI//REL) GOURMETTROUGH is a user configurable persistence implant for
certain Juniper firewalls. It persists DNT’s BANANAGLEE implant across reboots
and OS upgrades. For some platforms, it supports a minimal implant with
beaconing for OS’s unsupported by BANANAGLEE.___________________________________

(TS//SI//REL) GOURMETTROUGH Persistence Implant Concept of Operations

(TS//SI//REL)For supported platforms, DNT may configure BANANAGLEE without
ANT involvement. Except for limited platforms, they may also configure PBD for
minimal implant in the case where an OS unsupported by BANANAGLEE is booted.

Status: GOURMETTROUGH is on the shelf and has been deployed on many
target platforms. It supports nsg5t, ns50, ns25, isglOOO(limited). Soon- ssgl40,
ssg5,ssg20

(TS//SI//REL) The HALLUXWATER Persistence Back Door implant is installed on a
target Huawei Eudemon firewall as a boot ROM upgrade. When the target reboots,
the PBD installer software will find the needed patch points and install the back door
in the inbound packet processing routine.

06/24/08

i

(TS//SI//REL) HALLUXWATER Persistence Implant Concept of Operations

I

(TS//SI//REL) Once installed, HALLUXWATER communicates with an NSA operator
via the TURBOPANDA Insertion Tool (PIT), giving the operator covert access to
read and write memory, execute an address, or execute a packet.

(TS//SI//REL) HALLUXWATER provides a persistence capability on the Eudemon
200, 500, and 1000 series firewalls. The HALLUXWATER back door survives OS
upgrades and automatic bootROM upgrades.

Status: (U//FOUO) On the shelf, and has been deployed.
POC: I I, S32222,1 1.1

Derived From: NSA/CSSM 1-52

Dated:20070108

Declassify On: 20320108

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEYS3222_HEADWATER.jpg: ﻿TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

HEADWATER

ANT Product Data

(TS//SI//REL) HEADWATER is a Persistent Backdoor (PBD) software implant for
selected Huawei routers. The implant will enable covert functions to be remotely
executed within the router via an Internet connection.

06/24/08

“1

(TS//SI//REL) HEADWATER Persistence Implant Concept of Operations

(TS//SI//REL) HEADWATER PBD implant will be transferred remotely over
the Internet to the selected target router by Remote Operations Center
(ROC) personnel. After the transfer process is complete, the PBD will be
installed in the router's boot ROM via an upgrade command. The PBD will
then be activated after a system reboot. Once activated, the ROC
operators will be able to use DNT's HAMMERMILL Insertion Tool (HIT) to
control the PBD as it captures and examines all IP packets passing through
the host router.

(TS//SI//REL) HEADWATER is the cover term for the PBD for Huawei
Technologies routers. PBD has been adopted for use in the joint NSA/CIA
effort to exploit Huawei network equipment. (The cover name for this joint
project is TURBOPANDA.)

(TS//SI//REL) This technique supports systems without RAID hardware that boot
from a variety of Western Digital, Seagate, Maxtor, and Samsung hard drives. The
supported file systems are: FAT, NTFS, EXT3 and UFS.

(TS//SI//REL) Through remote access or interdiction, UNITEDRAKE, or
STRAITBAZZARE are used in conjunction with SLICKERVICAR to upload the hard
drive firmware onto the target machine to implant IRATEMONK and its payload (the
implant installer). Once implanted, IRATEMONK’s frequency of execution (dropping
the payload) is configurable and will occur when the target machine powers on.

(TS//SI//REL) IRONCHEF provides access persistence to target systems by
exploiting the motherboard BIOS and utilizing System Management Mode (SMM) to
communicate with a hardware implant that provides two-way RF communication.

07/14/08

(TS//SI//REL) IRONCHEF Extended Concept of Operations

i

I

(TS//SI/REL) This technique supports the HP Proliant 380DL G5 server, onto which
a hardware implant has been installed that communicates over the l2C Interface
(WAGONBED).

(TS//SI//REL) Through interdiction, IRONCHEF, a software CNE implant and the
hardware implant are installed onto the system. If the software CNE implant is
removed from the target machine, IRONCHEF is used to access the machine,
determine the reason for removal of the software, and then reinstall the software
from a listening post to the target system.

Status: Ready for Immediate Delivery Unit Cost: $0

POC: S32221, nsa.ic.gov

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

Derived From: NSA/CSSM 1-52

Dated: 20070108

Declassify On: 20320108S3222_JETPLOW.cleaned.jpg: ﻿*

-A~,

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TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

JETPLOW

ANT Product Data

(TS//SI//REL) JETPLOW is a firmware persistence implant for Cisco PIX Series and
ASA (Adaptive Security Appliance) firewalls. It persists DNT's BANANAGLEE
software implant. JETPLOW also has a persistent back-door capability.

06/24/08

(TS//SI//REL) JETPLOW Persistence Implant Concept of Operations

(TS//SI//REL) JETPLOW is a firmware persistence implant for Cisco PIX Series and
ASA (Adaptive Security Appliance) firewalls. It persists DNT’s BANANAGLEE
software implant and modifies the Cisco firewall’s operating system (OS) at boot
time. If BANANAGLEE support is not available for the booting operating system, it
can install a Persistent Backdoor (PBD) designed to work with BANANAGLEE’s
communications structure, so that full access can be reacquired at a later time.
JETPLOW works on Cisco’s 500-series PIX firewalls, as well as most ASA firewalls
(5505, 5510, 5520, 5540, 5550).

(TS//SI//REL) A typical JETPLOW deployment on a target firewall with an exfiltration
path to the Remote Operations Center (ROC) is shown above. JETPLOW is
remotely upgradeable and is also remotely installable provided BANANAGLEE is
already on the firewall of interest.

Status: (C//REL) Released. Has been widely deployed. Current
availability restricted based on OS version (inquire for details).

I

I

POC:

S32222,

>nsa.ic.qov

Unit Cost: $0

Derived From: NSA/CSSM 1-52

Dated:20070108

Declassify On: 20320108

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MONKEYCALENDAR

ANT Product Data

(TS//SI//REL) MONKEYCALENDAR is a software implant for GSM (Global System
for Mobile communication) subscriber identify module (SIM) cards. This implant
pulls geolocation information from a target handset and exfiltrates it to a user-
defined phone number via short message service (SMS).

TOP SECRET//COMINT

(U//FOUO) MONKEYCALENDAR - Operational Schematic

10/01/08

i

i

(TS//SI//REL) Modern SIM cards (Phase 2+) have an application program interface
known as the SIM Toolkit (STK). The STK has a suite of proactive commands that
allow the SIM card to issue commands and make requests to the handset.
MONKEYCALENDAR uses STK commands to retrieve location information and to
exfiltrate data via SMS. After the MONKEYCALENDAR file is compiled, the
program is loaded onto the SIM card using either a Universal Serial Bus (USB)
smartcard reader or via over-the-air provisioning. In both cases, keys to the card
may be required to install the application depending on the service provider’s
security configuration

Unit Cost: $0

Status: Released, not deployed.

POC: U//FOUOI I, S32222.1 ■^^■(Snsa^oy

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

Derived From: NSA/CSSM 1-52

Dated: 20070108

Declassify On: 20320108S3222_SOUFFLETROUGH.jpg: ﻿*

-A-,

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w

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

SOUFFLETROUGH

ANT Product Data

(TS//SI//REL) SOUFFLETROUGH is a BIOS persistence implant for Juniper SSG
500 and SSG 300 series firewalls. It persists DNT’s BANANAGLEE software
implant. SOUFFLETROUGH also has an advanced persistent back-door capability.

06/24/08

(TS//SI//REL) SOUFFLETROUGH Persistence Implant Concept of Operations

(TS//SI//REL) SOUFFLETROUGH is a BIOS persistence implant for Juniper SSG
500 and SSG 300 series firewalls {320M, 350M, 520, 550, 520M, 550M}. It persists
DNT’s BANANAGLEE software implant and modifies the Juniper firewall’s operating
system (ScreenOS) at boot time. If BANANAGLEE support is not available for the
booting operating system, it can install a Persistent Backdoor (PBD) designed to
work with BANANAGLEE’s communications structure, so that full access can be
reacquired at a later time. It takes advantage of Intel’s System Management Mode
for enhanced reliability and covertness. The PBD is also able to beacon home, and
is fully configurable.

(TS//SI//REL) A typical SOUFFLETROUGH deployment on a target firewall with an
exfiltration path to the Remote Operations Center (ROC) is shown above.
SOUFFLETROUGH is remotely upgradeable and is also remotely installable
provided BANANAGLEE is already on the firewall of interest.

Status: (C//REL) Released. Has been deployed. There are no
availability restrictions preventing ongoing deployments.

i

i

POC:

S32222,

»nsa.ic.qov

Unit Cost: $0

Derived From: NSA/CSSM 1-52

Dated:20070108

Declassify On: 20320108

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEYS3222_SWAP.jpg: ﻿TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

(TS//SI//REL) This technique supports single or multi-processor systems running
Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, or Solaris with the following file systems: FAT32, NTFS,
EXT2, EXT3, or UFS 1.0.

(TS//SI//REL) Through remote access or interdiction, ARKSTREAM is used to re-
flash the BIOS and TWISTEDKILT to write the Host Protected Area on the hard
drive on a target machine in order to implant SWAP and its payload (the implant
installer). Once implanted, SWAP’s frequency of execution (dropping the payload) is
configurable and will occur when the target machine powers on.

Status: Released / Deployed. Ready for Unit Cost: $0

Immediate Delivery

POC: S32221, nsa.ic.gov

motherboard BIOS and the hard drive’s Host Protected Area to gain periodic
execution before the Operating System loads.

(TS//SI//REL) TOTECHASER is a Windows CE implant targeting the Thuraya 2520
handset. The Thuraya 2520 is a dual mode phone that can operate either in SAT or
GSM modes. The phone also supports a GPRS data connection for Web browsing,
e-mail, and MMS messages. The initial software implant capabilities include
providing GPS and GSM geo-location information. Call log, contact list, and other
user information can also be retrieved from the phone. Additional capabilities are
being investigated.

(TS//SI//REL) TOTECHASER will use SMS messaging for the command, control,
and data exfiltration path. The initial capability will use covert SMS messages to
communicate with the handset. These covert messages can be transmitted in
either Thuraya Satellite mode or GSM mode and will not alert the user of this
activity. An alternate command and control channel using the GPRS data
connection based on the TOTEGHOSTLY implant is intended for a future version.

(TS//SI//REL) Prior to deployment, the TOTECHASER handsets must be modified.
Details of how the phone is modified are being developed. A remotely deployable
TOTECHASER implant is being investigated. The TOTECHASER system consists
of the modified target handsets and a collection system.

i

i

(TS//SI//REL) TOTECHASER will accept configuration parameters to determine
how the implant operates. Configuration parameters will determine what information
is recorded, when to collect that information, and when the information is exfiltrated.
The configuration parameters can be set upon initial deployment and updated
remotely.

(TS//SI//REL) WISTFULTOLL is a UNITEDRAKE and STRAITBIZZARE plug-in
used for harvesting and returning forensic information from a target using Windows
Management Instrumentation (WMI) calls and Registry extractions.

(TS//SI//REL) Through remote access or interdiction, WISTFULLTOLL is executed
as either a UNITEDRAKE or STRAITBAZZARE plug-in or as a stand-alone
executable. If used remotely, the extracted information is sent back to NSA through
UNITEDRAKE or STRAITBAZZARE. Execution via interdiction may be
accomplished by non-technical operator though use of a USB thumb drive, where
extracted information will be saved to that thumb drive.

(TS//SI//REL) COTTONMOUTH-I (CM-I) is a Universal Serial Bus (USB) hardware implant
which will provide a wireless bridge into a target network as well as the ability to load exploit
software onto target PCs.

08/05/08

(TS//SI//REL) CM-I will provide air-gap bridging, software persistence capability, "in-field'* re-
programmability, and covert communications with a host software implant over the USB. The
RF link will enable command and data infiltration and exfiltration. CM-I will also communicate
with Data Network Technologies (DNT) software (STRAITBIZARRE) through a covert
channel implemented on the USB, using this communication channel to pass commands and
data between hardware and software implants. CM-I will be a GENIE-compliant implant
based on CHIMNEYPOOL.

(TS//SI//REL) CM-I conceals digital components (TRINITY), USB 1.1 FS hub, switches, and
HOWLERMONKEY (HM) RF Transceiver within the USB Series-A cable connector.
MOCCASIN is the version permanently connected to a USB keyboard. Another version can
be made with an unmodified USB connector at the other end. CM-I has the ability to
communicate to other CM devices over the RF link using an over-the-air protocol called
SPECULATION. cottonmouth conop

INTERNET Scenario

High SkJo

la* Sc*

Status: Availability - January 2009 Unit Cost: 50 units: $1,015K

POC:

ALT POC:

, S3223,
, S3223,

Derived From: NSA/CSSM 1-52

Dated:20070108

Declassify On: 20320108

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEYS3223_COTTONMOUTH-II.jpg: ﻿*

-A~,

cfy?

®4\*

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

COTTONMOUTH-II

ANT Product Data

(TS//SI//REL) COTTONMOUTH-II (CM-II) is a Universal Serial Bus (USB) hardware Host
Tap, which will provide a covert link over USB link into a targets network. CM-II is intended
to be operate with a long haul relay subsystem, which is co-located within the target
equipment. Further integration is needed to turn this capability into a deployable system.

08/05/08

$

(TS//SI//REL) CM-II will provide software persistence capability, “in-field” re-programmability,
and covert communications with a host software implant over the USB. CM-II will also
communicate with Data Network Technologies (DNT) software (STRAITBIZARRE) through a
covert channel implemented on the USB, using this communication channel to pass
commands and data between hardware and software implants. CM-II will be a GENIE-
compliant implant based on CHIMNEYPOOL.

(TS//SI//REL) CM-II consists of the CM-I digital hardware and the long haul relay concealed
somewhere within the target chassis. A USB 2.0 HS hub with switches is concealed in a
dual stacked USB connector, and the two parts are hard-wired, providing a intra-chassis link.
The long haul relay provides the wireless bridge into the target’s network.

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEYS3223_COTTONMOUTH-III.jpg: ﻿TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

COTTONMOUTH-III

ANT Product Data

(TS//SI//REL) COTTONMOUTH-I (CM-I) is a Universal Serial Bus (USB) hardware implant,
which will provide a wireless bridge into a target network as well as the ability to load exploit
software onto target PCs.

08/05/08

(TS//SI//REL) CM-III will provide air-gap bridging, software persistence capability, “in-field"
re-programmability, and covert communications with a host software implant over the USB.
The RF link will enable command and data infiltration and exfiltration. CM-III will also
communicate with Data Network Technologies (DNT) software (STRAITBIZARRE) through a
covert channel implemented on the USB, using this communication channel to pass
commands and data between hardware and software implants. CM-III will be a GENIE-
compliant implant based on CHIMNEYPOOL.

(TS//SI//REL) CM-III conceals digital components (TRINITY), a USB 2.0 HS hub. switches,
and HOWLERMONKEY (HM) RF Transceiver within a RJ45 Dual Stacked USB connector.
CM-I has the ability to communicate to other CM devices over the RF link using an over-the-
air protocol called SPECULATION. CM-III can provide a short range inter-chassis link to
other CM devices or an intra-chassis RF link to a long haul relay subsystem.

(TS//SI//REL) FIREWALK is a bi-directional 10/100/1000bT (Gigabit) Ethernet network
implant residing within a dual stacked RJ45 / USB connector. FIREWALK is capable of
filtering and egressing network traffic over a custom RF link and injecting traffic as
commanded; this allows a ethernet tunnel (VPN) to be created between target network and
the ROC (or an intermediate redirector node such as DNT's DANDERSPRITZ tool.)
FIREWALK allows active exploitation of a target network with a firewall or air gap protection.
(TS//SI//REL) FIREWALK uses the HOWLERMONKEY transceiver for back-end
communications. It can communicate with an LP or other compatible HOWLERMONKEY
based ANT products to increase RF range through multiple hops.

(TS//SI//REL) HOWLERMONKEY is a custom Short to Medium Range Implant RF
Transceiver. It is used in conjunction with a digital core to provide a complete
implant.

08/05/08

HOWLERMONKEY -
SUTURESAILOR

1.23" (31.25 mm)
x 0.48" (12.2 mm)

HOWLERMONKEY - YELLOWPIN

2" (50.8 mm) x 0.45" (11.5 mm)

(Actual Size)

HOWLERMONKEY -

Front
Back

SUTURESAILOR

1.20" (30.5 mm)
x 0.23" (6 mm)

HOWLERMONKEY -
FIREWALK

0.63" (16 mm) x
0.63" (16 mm)

(TS//SI//REL) HOWLERMONKEY is a COTS-based transceiver designed to be
compatible with CONJECTURE/SPECULATION networks and STRIKEZONE
devices running a HOWLERMONKEY personality. PCB layouts are tailored to
individual implant space requirements and can vary greatly in form factor.

Status: Available - Delivery 3 months Unit Cost: 40 units: $750/ each

25 units: $1,000/ each

POC:

ALT POC:

, S3223,
, S3223,

@nsa.ic.gov
Q)nsa.ic.qov

Derived From: NSA/CSSM 1-52

Dated:20070108

Declassify On: 20320108

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEYS3223_JUNIORMINT.jpg: ﻿TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

JUNIORMINT

ANT Product Data

(TS//SI//REL) JUNIORMINT is a digital core packaged in both a mini Printed Circuit Board
(PCB), to be used in typical concealments, and a miniaturized Flip Chip Module (FCM), to
be used in implants with size constraining concealments.

(TS//SI//REL) JUNIORMINT uses the TAO standard implant architecture. The architecture
provides a robust, reconfigurable, standard digital platform resulting in a dramatic performance
improvement over the obsolete HC12 microcontroller based designs. A mini Printed Circuit
Board (PCB) using packaged parts will be developed and will be available as the standard
platform for applications requiring a digital core. The ultra-miniature Flip Chip Module (FCM)
will be available for challenging concealments. Both will contain an ARM9 microcontroller,
FPGA, Flash. SDRAM and DDR2 memories.

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEYS3223_MAESTRO-II.jpg: ﻿TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

MAESTRO-II

ANT Product Data

(TS//SI//REL) MAESTRO-II is a miniaturized digital core packaged in a Multi-Chip Module
(MCM) to be used in implants with size constraining concealments.

08/05/08

(TS//SI//REL) MAESTRO-II uses the TAO standard implant architecture. The architecture
provides a robust, reconfigurable, standard digital platform resulting in a dramatic
performance improvement over the obsolete HC12 microcontroller based designs. A
development Printed Circuit Board (PCB) using packaged parts has been developed and is
available as the standard platform. The MAESTRO-II Multi-Chip-Module (MCM) contains an
ARM7 microcontroller, FPGA, Flash and SDRAM memories.

(TS//SI//REL) SOMBERKNAVE is a software implant that surreptitiously routes
TCP traffic from a designated process to a secondary network via an unused
embedded 802.11 network device. If an Internet-connected wireless Access
Point is present, SOMBERKNAVE can be used to allow OLYMPUS or
VALIDATOR to “call home” via 802.11 from an air-gapped target computer. If
the 802.11 interface is in use by the target, SOMBERKNAVE will not attempt
to transmit.

(TS//SI//REL) Operationally, VALIDATOR initiates a call home.
SOMBERKNAVE triggers from the named event and tries to associate with an
access point. If connection is successful, data is sent over 802.11 to the ROC.
VALIDATOR receives instructions, downloads OLYMPUS, then disassociates
and gives up control of the 802.11 hardware. OLYMPUS will then be able to
communicate with the ROC via SOMBERKNAVE, as long as there is an
available access point.

(TS//SI//REL) TRINITY is a miniaturized digital core packaged in a Multi-Chip Module
(MCM) to be used in implants with size constraining concealments.

08/05/08

(TS//SI//REL) TRINITY uses the TAO standard implant architecture. The architecture
provides a robust, reconfigurable, standard digital platform resulting in a dramatic
performance improvement over the obsolete HC12 microcontroller based designs. A
development Printed Circuit Board (PCB) using packaged parts has been developed and is
available as the standard platform. The TRINITY Multi-Chip-Module (MCM) contains an
ARM9 microcontroller, FPGA, Flash and SDRAM memories.

TOP SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEYS3224_CANDYGRAM.jpg: ﻿SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

CANDYGRAM

GSM Telephone Tripwire

(S//SI//REL) Mimics GSM cell tower of a target network. Capable of operations at
900,1800, or 1900 MHz. Whenever a target handset enters the CANDYGRAM
base station’s area of influence, the system sends out an SMS through the external
network to registered watch phones.

06/20/08

(S//SI//REL) CANDYGRAM Operational Concept

(S//SI//REL) Typical use scenarios are asset validation, target tracking and
identification as well as identifying hostile surveillance units with GSM handsets.
Functionality is predicated on apriori target information.

(S//SI//REL) System HW

• GPS processing unit

• Tri-band BTS radio

• Windows XP laptop and cell phone*
•9” wide x 12 " long x 2 " deep

• External power (9-30 VDC).

‘Remote control software can be used
with any connected to the laptop (used
for communicating with the
CANDYGRAM unit through text
messages (SMS).

(TS//SI//REL TO USA.FVEY) The CTX4000 is a portable continuous wave (CW)
radar unit. It can be used to illuminate a target system to recover different off net
information. Primary uses include VAGRANT and DROPMIRE collection.

8 Jul2008

(TS//SI//REL TO USA.FVEY) The CTX4000 provides the means to collect signals
that otherwise would not be collectable, or would be extremely difficult to collect
and process. It provides the following features:

• Frequency Range: 1 - 2 GHz.

• Bandwidth: Up to 45 MHz

• Output Power: User adjustable up to 2 W using the internal amplifier; external
amplifiers make it possible to go up to 1 kW.

• Phase adjustment with front panel knob

• User-selectable high- and low-pass filters.

• Remote controllable

• Outputs:

• Transmit antenna
•I & Q video outputs

• DC bias for an external pre-amp on the Receive input connector

• Inputs:

• External oscillator

• Receive antenna

Unit Cost: N/A

Status: unit is operational. However, it is reaching the end of its service life. It is
scheduled to be replaced by PHOTOANGLO starting in September 2008.

• Multiple BSR units can be
interconnected to form a macro
network using 802.3 and 802.11
back-haul.

• 1.9 ”H x 8.6”W x 6.3”D • Supports Landshark/Candygram

• Approximately 3 lbs capabilities.

• Actively cooled for extreme
environments

Status: Unit Cost: $40K

POC: I I, S32242, |

SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

Derived From: NSA/CSSM 1-52

Dated: 20070108

Declassify On: 20320108S3224_ENTOURAGE.jpg: ﻿bixl

ëm

SECRET//COMINT//REL TO USA, FVEY

ENTOURAGE

(S//SI//REL) Direction Finding on

HollowPoint Platform

(S//SI//REL) Direction Finding application operating on the HOLLOWPOINT
platform. The system is capable of providing line of bearing for GSM/UMTS/
CDMA2000/FRS signals. A band-specific antenna and laptop controller is needed to
compliment the HOLLOWPOINT system and completes the ground based system.

01/27/09

(S//SI//REL) HOLLOWPOINT SDR Platform and Antenna

(S//SI) The ENTOURAGE application leverages the 4 Software Defined Radio
(SDR) units in the HOLLOWPOINT platform. This capability provides an "Artemis-
like" capability for waveforms of interest (2G,3G,others). The ENTOURAGE
application works in conjunction with the NEBULA active interrogator as part of the
Find/Fix/Finish capabilities of the GALAXY program.

> (S//SI//REL) Features: > (S//SI//REL) Enclosure:

• Software Defined Radio System • 1.8"H x 8.0"W x 8.CTD

• Operating range 10MHz - 4GHz • Approximately 3 lbs

• 4 Receive paths, all synchronized

• 1 Transmit path

• DF capability on
GSM/UMTS/CDMA2000/ FRS
signals

• Gigabit Ethernet

• Integrated GPS

• Highly Mobile and Deployable

• 15 Watts

• Passively cooled

> (S//SI//REL) Future Developments:

• WiMAX
•WiFi

• LTE

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Status: The system is in the final testing stage and Unit Cost: $70K
will be in production Spring 09.

(S//SI//REL) Commercial GSM handset that has been modified to include a
Software Defined Radio (SDR) and additional system memory. The internal SDR
allows a witting user to covertly perform network surveys, record RF spectrum, or
perform handset location in hostile environments.

01/27/09

(S//SI//REL) GENESIS Handset

(S//SI//REL) The GENESIS systems are designed to support covert operations in
hostile environments. A witting user would be able to survey the local environment
with the spectrum analyzer tool, select spectrum of interest to record, and download
the spectrum information via the integrated Ethernet to a laptop controller. The
GENESIS system could also be used, in conjunction with an active interrogator, as the
finishing tool when performing Find/Fix/Finish operations in unconventional
environments.

> (S//SI//REL) Features: (S//SI//REL) Future Enhancements:

• Concealed SDR with Handset
Menu Interface

• Spectrum Analyzer Capability

• Find/Fix/Finish Capability

• Integrated Ethernet

• External Antenna Port

• Internal 16 GB of storage

• Multiple Integrated Antennas

Status: Current GENESIS platform available.
Future platforms available when developments are
completed.

(TS//SI//REL TO USA,FVEY) LOUDAUTO’s
current design maximizes the gain of the
microphone. This makes it extremely useful for
picking up room audio. It can pick up speech at
a standard, office volume from over 20' away.
(NOTE: Concealments may reduce this distance.)
It uses very little power (-15 uA at 3.0 VDC), so
little, in fact, that battery self-discharge is more of
an issue for serviceable lifetime than the power
draw from this unit. The simplicity of the design
allows the form factor to be tailored for specific
operational requirements. All components at
COTS and so are non-attributable to NSA.

07 Apr 2009

(U) Concept of Operation

TS//SI//REL TO USA,FVEY) Room audio is picked up by the microphone and
converted into an analog electrical signal. This signal is used to pulse position
modulate (PPM) a square wave signal running at a pre-set frequency. This
square wave is used to turn a FET (field effect transistor) on and off. When
the unit is illuminated with a CW signal from a nearby radar unit, the
illuminating signal is amplitude-modulated with the PPM square wave. This
signal is re-radiated, where it is picked up by the radar, then processed to
recover the room audio. Processing is currently performed by COTS
equipment with FM demodulation capability (Rohde & Schwarz FSH-series
portable spectrum analyzers, etc.) LOUDAUTO is part of the
ANGRYNEIGHBOR family of radar retro-reflectors.

(TS//SI//REL) An active 802.11 wireless exploitation and injection tool for
payload/exploit delivery into otherwise denied target space. NIGHTSTAND is
typically used in operations where wired access to the target is not possible.

> (TS//SI//REL) NS packet injection can
target one client or multiple targets on a
wireless network.

> (TS//SI//REL) Attack is undetectable by
the user.

NIGHTSTAND Hardware

(TS//SI//REL) Use of external amplifiers and antennas in both
experimental and operational scenarios have resulted in successful
NIGHTSTAND attacks from as far away as eight miles under ideal
environmental conditions.

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Unit Cost: Varies from platform to platform

Status: Product has been deployed in the field. Upgrades to the system continue to
be developed.

(TS//SI//REL TO USA,FVEY) The current
implementation of NIGHTWATCH consists of
a general-purpose PC inside of a shielded
case. The PC has PCI digitizing and clock
cards to provide the needed interface and
accurate clocking required for video
reconstruction. It also has:

• spectral analysis up to 150 kHz to provide for indications of horizontal and
vertical sync frequencies

• frame capture and forwarding

• PCMCIA cards for program and data storage

• horizontal sync locking to keep the display set on the NIGHTWATCH display.

• frame averaging up to 2A16 (65536) frames.

(U) Concept of Operation

(TS//SI//REL TO USA,FVEY) The video output from an appropriate collection
system, such as a CTX4000, PHOTOANGLO, or general-purpose receiver, is
connected to the video input on the NIGHTWATCH system. The user, using the
appropriate tools either within NIGHTWATCH or externally, determines the
horizontal and vertical sync frequencies of the targeted monitor. Once the user
matches the proper frequencies, he activates "Sync Lock" and frame averaging
to reduce noise and improve readability of the targeted monitor. If warranted, the
user then forwards the displayed frames over a network to NSAW, where
analysts can look at them for intelligence purposes.

Unit Cost: N/A

Status: This system has reached the end of its service life. All work concerning
the NIGHTWATCH system is strictly for maintenance purposes. This system is
slated to be replaced by the VIEWPLATE system.

(TS//SI//REL TO USA,FVEY) PHOTOANGLO is a joint NSA/GCHQ project to
develop a new radar system to take the place of the CTX4000.

24 Jul2008

(U) Capabilities

(TS//SI//REL TO USA,FVEY) The planned capabilities for this system are:
•Frequency range: 1 - 2 GHz, which will be later extended to 1 - 4 GHz.
•Maximum bandwidth: 450 MHz.

•Size: Small enough to fit into a slim briefcase.

•Weight: Less than 10 lbs.

•Maximum Output Power: 2 W
•Output:

•Video

•Transmit antenna
•Inputs:

•External oscillator
•Receive antenna

(U) Concept of Operation

(TS//SI//REL TO USA,FVEY) TS//SI//REL TO USA,FVEY) The radar unit
generates an un-modulated, continuous wave (CW) signal. The oscillator is
either generated internally, or externally through a signal generator or cavity
oscillator. The unit amplifies the signal and sends it out to an RF connector,
where it is directed to some form of transmission antenna (horn, parabolic dish,
LPA, spiral). The signal illuminates the target system and is re-radiated. The
receive antenna picks up the re-radiated signal and directs the signal to the
receive input. The signal is amplified, filtered, and mixed with the transmit
antenna. The result is a homodyne receiver in which the RF signal is mixed
directly to baseband. The baseband video signal is ported to an external BNC
connector. This connects to a processing system, such as NIGHTWATCH, an
LFS-2, or VIEWPLATE, to process the signal and provide the intelligence.

(TS//SI//REL TO USA.FVEY) RF retro-reflector that provides an enhanced radar
cross-section for VAGRANT collection. It's concealed in a standard computer video
graphics array (VGA) cable between the video card and video monitor. It’s typically
installed in the ferrite on the video cable.

(U) Capabilities

(TS//SI//REL TO USA.FVEY) RAGEMASTER provides a target for RF flooding
and allows for easier collection of the VAGRANT video signal. The current
RAGEMASTER unit taps the red video line on the VGA cable. It was found that,
empirically, this provides the best video return and cleanest readout of the
monitor contents.

24 Jul 2008

(U) Concept of Operation

(TS//SI//REL TO USA.FVEY) The RAGEMASTER taps the red video line
between the video card within the desktop unit and the computer monitor,
typically an LCD. When the RAGEMASTER is illuminated by a radar unit, the
illuminating signal is modulated with the red video information. This information
is re-radiated, where it is picked up at the radar, demodulated, and passed
onto the processing unit, such as a LFS-2 and an external monitor,
NIGHTWATCH, GOTHAM, or (in the future) VIEWPLATE. The processor
recreates the horizontal and vertical sync of the targeted monitor, thus allowing
TAO personnel to see what is displayed on the targeted monitor.

(TS//SI//REL) The Sparrow II is a capable option for deployment where
small size, minimal weight and reduced power consumption are required.
PCI devices can be connected to the Sparrow II to provide additional
functionality, such as wireless command and control or a second or third
802.11 card. The Sparrow II is shipped with Linux and runs the
BLINDDATE software suite.

(TS//SI//REL TO USA,FVEY) SURLYSPAWN
has the capability to gather keystrokes without
requiring any software running on the targeted
system. It also only requires that the targeted
system be touched once. The retro-reflector is
compatible with both USB and PS/2 keyboards.

The simplicity of the design allows the form
factor to be tailored for specific operational
requirements. Future capabilities will include
laptop keyboards.

(U) Concept of Operation

(TS//SI//REL TO USA,FVEY) The board taps into the data line from the
keyboard to the processor. The board generates a square wave oscillating at
a preset frequency. The data-line signal is used to shift the square wave
frequency higher or lower, depending on the level of the data-line signal. The
square wave, in essence, becomes frequency shift keyed (FSK). When the
unit is illuminated by a CW signal from a nearby radar, the illuminating signal
is amplitude-modulated (AM) with this square wave. The signal is re-radiated,
where it is received by the radar, demodulated, and the demodulated signal is
processed to recover the keystrokes. SURLYSPAWN is part of the
ANGRYNEIGHBOR family of radar retro-reflectors.

(TS//SI//REL TO USA.FVEY) TAWDRYYARD is
used as a beacon, typically to assist in locating
and identifying deployed RAGEMASTER units.
Current design allows it to be detected and located
quite easily within a 50' radius of the radar system
being used to illuminate it. TAWDRYYARD draws
as 8 pA at 2.5V (20pW) allowing a standard lithium
coin cell to power it for months or years. The
simplicity of the design allows the form factor to
be tailored for specific operational requirements.
Future capabilities being considered are return of
GPS coordinates and a unique target identifier and
automatic processing to scan a target area for
presence of TAWDRYYARDs. All components are
COTS and so are non-attributable to NSA.

07 Apr 2009

(U) Concept of Operation

(TS//SI//REL TO USA.FVEY) The board generates a square wave operating
at a preset frequency. This square wave is used to turn a FET (field effect
transistor) on and off. When the unit is illuminated with a CW signal, the
illuminating signal is amplitude-modulated (AM) with the square wave. This
signal is re-radiated, where it is picked up by the radar, then processed to
recover the clock signal. Typically, the fundamental is used to indicate the
unit's presence, and is simply displayed on a low frequency spectrum
analyzer. TAWDRYYARD is part of the ANGRYNEIGHBOR family of radar
retro-reflectors.

(S//SI) Operators are able to geolocate
registered handsets, capturing the user.

(S//SI//REL) The macro-class Typhon is a Network-ln-a-
Box (NIB), which includes all the necessary architecture to
support Mobile Station call processing and SMS
messaging in a stand-alone chassis with a pre-
provisioning capability.

(S//SI//REL) The Typhon system kit includes the amplified
Typhon system, OAM&P Laptop, cables, antennas and
AC/DC power supply.