Other

In footnote 4 to his 1889 survey of pederasty in China, the French physician J.-J. Matignon briefly described the sexual involvement with Vietnamese boys of French colonial officials whom he blamed for introducing pederasty to the country.

A far more detailed and lurid, but equally hostile account of ubiquitous pederasty in Annam was given soon afterwards in his Untrodden Fields of Anthropology (1893) by French army surgeon Jacobus X..., who was stationed there.

In a section on Vietnam in their Boys for Sale (1969), Drew and Drake briefly described boy prostitution during the French occupation