32 posts categorized "Testing"

How often have you abandoned a checkout due to a confusing and difficult experience? Unfortunately this is more common than it should be and we lose customer's during the checkout process. In fact you're average abandon rate is around 80%!

Plan to Engage recently hosted a webinar with conversion expert James Critchley of cloud.IQ and provided 3 keys to leverage in order to prevent abandonment of the shopping cart process.

The 3 Keys discussed are based on BJ Fogg's Behavioural Model which shows that 3 elements must converge at the same moment for a behaviour to occur: Motivation, Ability, and Trigger.

In this webinar we detailed each of these elements and look to see how we can apply this model to our customer's checkout process in order to refine and optimise the experience, resulting in increased conversions.

In this half-day event you will discover 5 powerful keys to increase your email marketing conversions. During this very tactical session, Kath Pay will show you how to improve your conversions by delving into topics such as: Subject Line, Calls-To-Actions, Email Design, Email Copy, Landing Pages and Psychology within Email.

You will walk away feeling inspired and enthused, armed with some new tactics and knowledge that you can apply immediately to your email marketing programme.

For those hesitating about the value of testing, Mark Brownload collated numerous examples of how email tests involving relatively minor effort have a big impact on results and responses.
You'll find them all here.

There is a simple way to explain the importance of a testing plan: It's the only way to make the leap from what you thought would work to what you know will work. The information that testing generates will help you understand what's best for your customers in real-life situations and gauge how they are interacting with your brand. This is the foundation every email marketer needs for success.

In this article, Tim Underwood lays out four key steps to help you get there. Here’s a summary:

1. Plan ahead First, compile a list of questions you need to answer:

What elements go into a great subject line?

Should I use images?

What is the prime placement for my content?

No doubt when you brainstorm around these questions, you will come up with great ideas, and some will really push the boundaries of your strategy. However, only ask questions if you are prepared to act once you uncover the answers.

Last but not least: test one variable at a time and make absolutely certain you can isolate that variable.

2. Execution Now develop a list of variables to test. Don't forget you will need to test everything twice to be certain of your results. A great strategy is to identify one stream of communications -- for example, your regular monthly newsletter -- and split it into two versions. Whichever comes out on top, use that as the control for your next test. Testing should be a continuous activity, and by using this method you can ensure your marketing is always evolving.

3. Reporting You need to know which success metric is the most relevant to your test; there will always be a primary and a secondary. The primary metric is the action closest to the variable, and the secondary metric as the next action after that. This is really as much as you can hope to have influence over; any action further removed from your variable has been subject to too many other factors. You can't really attribute high conversion rates to a great subject line.

Lastly, it's essential to make sure your answers are statistically significant. Even two equally sized random splits will give slightly different response rates, so it's not enough to look at the highest value and declare it the winner. You will need to do some calculations to make this decision.

4. Take action Testing initiatives can become very involved, so don't lose sight of the goal. Once you've got your first wave of results, make sure you share them with everyone involved and take action on them. But the job doesn't end there. Monitor your results to ensure your new best practices stay fresh and are still producing the desired results. Again, a good testing plan never ends. Your customer base never stops evolving and neither should your marketing plan.

2. Use numbers and specifics instead of adverbs and adjectives. "The project is currently way behind schedule on major tasks," is not as clear as "The project is 3 weeks late delivering hamburger buns to Des Moines." (If you don't have numbers, still get rid of the adverbs and adjectives.)

3. Add missing context. Does your reader know that hamburger buns in Iowa are required for the company to collect $37 million? If you're not sure, remind them.

4. Focus on the strongest argument. Should those hamburger buns get shipped because the delay is embarrassing for the company, because it's costing children their lunch, or because it's costing the company tens of millions of dollars? Maybe all three, but one of those reasons (and it depends on your reader) will be enough to get buns on the road.

5. Delete off-topic material. The best emails say one thing and say it clearly. One-subject emails also make it easier for the recipient to file the message once they've taken action, something anyone who uses Outlook to manage tasks appreciates.

6. Seek out equivocation and remove it. "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times" works for Dickens, not status reports.

8. Delete anything written in the heat of emotion. Will this sentence show them who's been right about the hamburger buns since the beginning? Yes? Cut it.

9. Shorten. Remember the reader struggling to digest your message on the run — a BlackBerry or an iPhone gets about 40 words per screen. What looks short on your desktop monitor is an epic epistle on their mobile device.

10. Give it a day. With time, what seemed so urgent may no longer need to be said. And one less email is something everyone will thank you for.

After reading this article my colleague Skip Fidura posted a great piece on time of day testing in email marketing:

The
interesting thing is that we have come full circle. In the early days
of email it was a free for all but people quickly realised that email
was all about getting the right message to the right people at the
right time. It was the last part that caused all of the worry.

How
would we as marketers know when somebody was likely to be receptive to
our message? So, we assumed that all consumers care about is the
weekend and applied some "logic" about their behaviour as it related to
the weekend and decided Wednesday would be the best day to send.

Some
of the more clever email marketers realised that if every body was
sending on a Wednesday it would be too hard to achieve cut-through so
they overlaid this thought with the previous thinking on the importance
of the weekend and said Tuesday was better (although some argued for
Thursday).

Throughout the Great Day of the Week Debate,
individually we struggled to answer the question, "I have changed to
the 'optimal' day and my results have gone down." Luckily as marketers
we had a ready made answer to this dilemma. "Maybe our customers are
different. We should test it." These individual conversations
eventually lead to a groundswell until most everybody was in agreement
that we should rigorously test for the optimal day of the week and hey,
let's throw in time of day as well.

Whether you're sending a promotional email or an email newsletter, your message has specific sales or marketing goals. Most commonly the main goal of your message is to get readers to register for an event or make a purchase, or to build a relationship with readers, which hopefully leads to them making a purchase. Since readers can't take the desired action within their email, you send them to a page where they can take that action, your landing page.

Too often marketers send readers to a generic, existing page on their website instead of designing a page that is specific to the audience and the goal of their email message. Worse yet, links go to a page that doesn't house the information readers are looking for, forcing them to click further to find what they're looking for and ultimately complete a transaction. Conversion rates suffer as a result. However, a properly designed landing page can greatly increase your conversion rates.

To maximize the performance of your email messages, consider creating effective landing pages following these tips as a guideline:

Define your conversion. Before you start to design your landing page, define that page’s conversion activity. For a newsletter landing page, the conversion activity is entering an email address into a form and clicking “Accept.”

Do a little research. A little research goes a long way. Figure out what your visitor is looking for and what offers work. Build a profile of your ideal visitor. Keep this person in mind when creating your landing page. Do not construct the page for anyone else—generic and broad pages are proven to fail—and keep everything “on target.” Your email message already funnels traffic to your landing page, so visitors are expecting a very targeted message. Tailor the pages to them.

Align your landing page with the main goal of your email message. A common mistake is to design a landing page that is not specific to the goal in order to appeal to a generic visitor or prospect. Just the opposite, your landing page should be highly focused. Think about your prospect and what you want him or her to do. Then design your landing page around that one goal.

Eliminate unneeded elements. Distractions kill conversions. Strip any unneeded elements from the page, such as links to other resources, or other pages on your website. The consistent navigation bar that makes sense on a website doesn't necessarily make sense on a landing page. You don't want visitors to surf your site. You want them to complete the one action on which your landing page is focused. So if you can, remove the navigation bar. Of course, don’t remove it if it is essential to the conversion process. Remember your message, and if a link has nothing to with it—chuck it!

Match the message and elements of your landing page with your e-mail message. For best results, repeat the headline from your e-mail at the top of your landing page. This gives visitors a feeling of familiarity and comfort. It tells them that they have arrived at the right place.

Keep it short and sweet. If at all possible, keep all content above the fold. If visitors have to scroll to find what they're looking for, chances are they won't find it. And if they don't find it, they won't convert.

Design for scan-ability. Just as prospects won't read every word of your email, they won't read every word of your landing page either. They will quickly scan the page, looking for further information that compels them to take an action. Make sure your headlines, sub-headings and graphics enable visitors to skim your landing page's content to quickly learn what you're offering and how it will benefit them, and most important, make sure it clearly points out how they can easily take the desired action. If your goal is sales, point readers to a page where they can place their order right there.

Provide conversion exits. Make it easy for your visitor to convert. Place conversion exits above the fold and at every scroll-and-a-half of screen space.

Important elements above the "fold"Pay attention to the virtual fold (the bottom of the screen before scrolling). Place enough content above the fold to allow your visitor to make a decision about continuing on the site. If a visitor has to click or scroll to figure out what your site is about, the only thing they’ll click is the back button.

Lead the eye. Use typography and color to your advantage. Lead the eye along the page towards the conversion exit. Thoughtful use of whitespace, large copy and graphics can make a long page seem much shorter than it really is. Be careful though—a great image will demand a lot of eye time and if misplaced can ruin the flow of your message.Place the important stuff (whether it’s your copy or your image) close to the middle, and never distract your user from that focal point. Avoid putting interesting material in sidebars. This pulls the eye away from the main body. If it’s interesting and valuable, keep it close to the center and use it to direct the eye.

Optimize your forms. Make the input cursor hop to the next field after a user finishes the current field. Allow the user to tab around fields. Auto-populate any fields you can.

Keep your form brief, and thoroughly pre-test it. Remember, this form may be just the first step of your sales process. You don't want to scare off prospects by asking for too much information. So remove all unneeded fields. Don't ask for city/state/province if you ask for a Zip or postal code. Focus on the essentials. If you’re asking users to register for a newsletter, ask for only an email address. You don’t need their name now. Get rid of the reset button. It’s dangerous for both the user and you.

If you are collecting personal information, provide a link to your privacy policy. Most online users are reluctant (for good reason) to disclose personal information without knowing how that information will be used. Be sure your privacy policy states that you do not rent, sell or share information with any other parties.

Test, test, test. Just like you should test your email creative, we recommend that you test different elements and copy on your landing pages to learn what works best. You may want to consider web analytics software that allows you run A/B tests or use multivariate testing to test multiple items and combinations at the same time.

Go over a checklist with your design team:

Is the whole page focused?

Does the message match the advertisement?

Have you reduced all distractions?

Is critical information above the fold?

Are there enough conversion exits?

Does the page enhance your brand?

Track results. If you don't know how your landing page performed, you can't tell what worked and what didn't work and you can't make necessary improvements to increase performance.

Landing pages are important to maximize the performance of your email marketing campaigns. Your email message and landing page should work together closely for best results.

In this article, Aaron Smith explains how to improve the results of your email marketing campaigns through testing.

"Meaningful testing is easier to conduct than you might think, and needn’t be disruptive to your regular production process. Effective testing doesn’t have to involve complex multivariate data analysis, or the creation of multiple versions of disparate designs. In fact, most times, simpler A/B tests will yield more effective results, and just as importantly won’t drive your production team up the walls" he says.

There are several keys to successful testing:

1. Make tests controlled and easy to understand. Simple A/B tests, comparing just one changed element against another, are the easiest to understand and act upon. If you test five different items within the same email, you may need to hire a rocket scientist to figure out the results — and good luck trying to explain the results to your boss and co-workers.

2. Test frequently and make it a consistent part of the process. Optimally, you should include a simple test in every mail, but at the very least, create a regular schedule for testing (for example, every two weeks or once a month) — and stick to it!

3. Most importantly, use the results to inform the process. Great tests won’t do you any good if you don’t act on the results. After sifting through the results, sit down with your team to review the test, and determine how the information will be used going forward.

4. Archive the results. Post the results of your tests in a document, wiki or spreadsheet that everyone on the team has access to. Not only will it help you remember the results of important tests six months after the fact, but it will also be an invaluable training aid when bringing new members onboard.

5. Don’t get complacent. We live and work in an ever-changing media world, where today’s best practices become tomorrow’s pitfalls overnight. Don’t be hesitant to run the same tests every few months. Effective subject lines, for example, are a constantly moving target, and what works well today may not be very effective in three months.

With the above key elements in mind, here are a few simple ideas for tests you can run within your own email program:

Graphical versus HTML text: A frequent topic of debate — best practices say HTML text will generally outperform graphical text. But unless you do a test, you may have a hard time convincing your design team of the efficacy of HTML text.

Text links versus button calls-to-action: We all know buttons perform best for calls-to-action, but some designers may be hesitant to place a button in the middle of their lovely design without some good numbers to help back up the decision.

Subject lines: This is one of the most important tools to encourage email opens, so testing of subject lines should be an ongoing and regular part of your email program. Need I say more?

Best time of day/best day of week to send: The best time of day and best time of week to send messages varies by industry and even by company. There is no magic bullet — or more to the point, the magic bullet is for you to find out, by conducting a series of tests.

I got an email yesterday about a new tool developped by the folks behind Litmus (a tool that shows you what your email will look like in different browsers). The new tool is called Fingerprint and it shows you which email clients your readers are using. I tried it out when I was sending out the newsletter for the Email Marketer's Club yesterday and I was very impressed with the results.

Basically what happens is that you get a piece of code (an image tag) to add to your email and about an hour after sending your campaign you get to see the first results.

I would advise everyone to try it out to get a better idea of which email clients you should be designing your emails for. Is Lotus Notes used by a big part of your audience? Do they use version 6 or 8? Do they use Gmail in Firefox or in Internet Explorer? Do they view your email on their iPhone...

And in case you're wondering: I didn't get paid to post this. I really believe in this product and I think they are selling it way too cheap, so you want to get in and start using it before they realize what goldmine they are sitting on ;-)

Consider this situation: You run the marketing department for an e-commerce outdoor outfitter, and your team has decided on a subject line and special offer for your next campaign. The variable you're trying to settle is whether the main graphic should be a product photo or one of the company president announcing the offer. This is the perfect time to employ an A/B split to find out which works better.

Creating campaign AFirst create the e-mail using product shots — in this case, one that includes an array of men's and women's shoes. Then, create a landing page that reiterates the president's sale coupon offer, in addition to using the same product imagery.

This will be your ‘A' campaign.

Creating campaign BIn order to isolate how much impact the imagery has on the recipient's actions, campaign ‘B' will be an exact replica of ‘A,' but in place of the shoes photo, use a photo of your president. The landing page includes the coupon offer and that same picture.

Randomize, send and analyzeNow it's time to send out the e-mail. If your e-mail service provider offers you the option to randomly select half of your list, use it. If not, simply cut your list in half alphabetically or by order of the opt-in date, bearing in mind that the results will be slightly skewed because of these variables.

After you've sent the mail, look at your metrics. First, check your e-mail stats to determine if your click-through rates are better for either campaign. Then, use your Web analytics application to see how visitors from campaign A behaved differently from visitors from campaign B. And although you'll want to concentrate on conversion rates, you can glean knowledge from other metrics, as well. How did the visitors' average time on site differ? Did visitors from one campaign view a vastly different number of pages than visitors from the other? Contrasting and comparing how each campaign's visitors behaved lets you draw conclusions about what worked and what didn't.

Drawing conclusionsIn our imaginary scenario, let's assume that you found that campaign B (featuring the picture of the president) yielded 1.5 times better purchase conversion than campaign A, which featured product shots. Your customers showed you that seeing your company president made them feel more compelled to purchase.

A/B testing may be a bit more work on the front end of an e-mail campaign, but the information and insights you gain from it can make a huge difference in your click-through rates, as well as your conversion rates. So the next time your team can't decide between two good ideas, split the difference and let your customers show you.

User experience testing is a powerful e-mail optimization technique. Unlike multivariate and A/B testing, it tells you more than what users do with your e-mail. It tells you why they do it. But there are essential best practices to consider if you want to get the most out of testing. Here are a few.

Begin testing by giving participants context. If the e-mail is triggered from a Web site, make sure participants first interact with that Web site. If the e-mail is one piece of a multipart series, show participants all preceding e-mails. If it’s generated after users interact with print collateral, show participants that collateral. These measures will prevent you from being sidetracked by context-dependent problems that will resolve themselves in the real-world experience.

During testing, use true-to-life viewing and interaction methods. If the e-mail will be viewed on a computer screen, test it there instead of on paper. Paper-based testing doesn’t assess text tolerances and doesn’t show how content can fall below the fold. Similarly, if users will interact with the e-mail on mobile devices, be sure to test it on these devices to understand interaction challenges—like those caused by scrolling and stylus pens. Also, be sure to test shorter e-mail exposures to understand the effect of time-limited viewing. Short-term user perceptions are often much different than long-term designer perceptions.

After testing the e-mail, show participants what happens next to determine whether the larger system of communications makes sense. If the e-mail leads to a Web page when clicked, show participants that Web page. If a subsequent e-mail will follow after a delay, use a distracter task so that participants forget some of what they just saw and then show that e-mail. These measures will tell you whether the test e-mail needs modification to work within the larger communication context.

For those who lack access to a statistical software solution that will also interpret the results, A/B testing is challenging at best. Testing for statistical significance is important, but just as critical is an understanding of your tests' validity and how to use the results to improve future campaigns. To answer these needs, Bulldog Solutions offers two Excel-based A/B calculators. You can view a demo or download these calculators here.

Here's an exerpt from SubscriberMail's CEO Jordan Ayan's book "The Practical Guide to E-mail Marketing" on email testing. Use this checklist next time you go into a meeting to discuss how to improve your e-mail marketing performance.

Step 1: Ask a Question

Start the testing process by asking a question. What are you hoping for? Determine a specific goal to accomplish rather than attempt multiple goals with one blanket approach. A series of small steps can be easy to test and analyze:

I'd like to have more people open my messages.

I'd like to have more people click through to my Web site.

I'd like to reengage with historically inactive people.

I'd like to have people click on a specific area, topic, or action.

Step 2: Form a Theory

Use your marketing experience and best practice knowledge to determine what aspects may make a difference in achieving the goal you've defined.

I think people may be bored with my current subject lines.

I think that the placement of the specific content may drive more people to action.

I think that people may not understand this is from my organization and therefore will not interact.

I think my calls to action need to be stronger.

Step 3: Create the Test

Set up your test, following best practices. Remember, you don't need to prove the obvious.

To optimize opens, I am going to test (one per test):

From name

Best day to send

Subject line

Best time to send

To optimize click-throughs, I'm going to test (one per test):

Creative/layout

Subject lines

Copy

From name

Calls to action

To optimize conversions, I'm going to test (one per test):

Landing pages

Calls to action

Creative/layout

Subject lines

Copy

From name

Step 4: Segment the List

Choose the best list or segment to test, and split it (for that specific test):

I'm confident this list is the most appropriate to prove or disprove my theory.

My list is only large enough to do an A/B split.

My list is large enough that I can break it into a larger control and other smaller test segments.

My list is large enough that I can sample a percentage of my list to test.

Step 5: Measure and Analyze Results

Measure and analyze results to gain insight and prove or disprove theory. Accurately compile stats (to conversions). What does it all mean? Look beyond the numbers. Even small percentage differences can mean large gains in response rates:

My opens increased ___%.

My click-throughs changed __%.

My conversions changed __%.

Traffic to my Web site increased __%.

My click-throughs were more focused on specific area, topic, or action.

To reach optimum returns on your emails, invest some time in filtering your email strategy through your brand standards and your marketing goals to arrive at a selection of possible messaging approaches. Then test the variables, using a basic A/B split or any other segmentation that is important you.

Here are a few things you can test:

1. OfferWhat offer will move your audience closer to a purchase? You may intuit the answer, or have to follow a business directive to make a particular offer, but by all means test themes and variations to create an offer the audience can't refuse. (Be careful of too much product discounting unless you want your brand to be associated with "cheap.")

Financial incentives: money off, free shipping, two for the price of one, discounted service contract or installation.

Time-based incentives: 3-day sale, offer ends Saturday, for the month of May only.

2. Audience empathyTest ways of connecting on an emotional or intellectual level with your prospects.

Exclusivity: be the first to own, leave the crowds behind, apply for exclusive entry.

Problem-solving: a better way to ___, take the back-break out of ___, get results faster, smarter, more reliably.

Emotion: because you love your children / pet / garden / beer, because you care about this issue / institution / group.

3. Tone and mannerWhile these must follow your brand standards, email is inherently a more personal medium than many other channels, so you can test some variables here.

Timbre: taking a warm, personal approach versus a more clinical exposition of facts.

Length of copy: test long, medium and short copy (depending on the product or service).

Persuasion versus urgency: test to see if some of your audience wants to be schmoozed with reasons to buy (product attributes and excellence) versus receiving nonstop promotions.

4. StructureWhere the offer appears may make a difference in how it is understood and acted on.

Placement: try placing offers in the subject line, the headline, the call to action, a sidebar, and in image captions and call-outs. Make each instance a link and then track opens and where users click.

Graphics -- be careful with presenting headlines and key offers in graphics, which may well get blocked from view in the inbox. Simpler is often better.

You can test which copy approach yields the best results simply by tracking click-throughs and conversions on sent emails. To dive deeper, you can also perform other types of research. Use focus groups or surveys to test the impact and takeaway of your offers and the way they are worded. You can also do eye-tracking studies to find out how readers scan your emails. When you learn what path their eyes follow, you can maximize the effect by placing your key inducements, either copy points or visuals, along the same path, in order of importance.

There are almost always several good ways of writing and designing any advertising message. If you try to test every possible combination of variables, you'll go cross-eyed. Apply lessons learned from your marketing in other channels to your email advertising, and vice-versa, and you will find the options narrowing nicely into a powerful set of guidelines you can use creatively again and again.

In this article, David Baker provides a simple formula to testing email creative:

1.Draw a wireframes of several templates (they vary by purpose). These are simply boxes designed for the optimal width and length. Rule of thumb is, keep promotional messages and email that is designed for early lifecycle simple and straightforward and minimize the length. Newsletters and community publications can support longer-form wireframes.

2.Assign a description to each box and bullet the things that you can potentially test within those guides. For example, if your top box of 50x 700 is for “Click to add your email address to the address book,” think about what else you could test in this area. (User Name, Promotional Message, site reminder message, or leave it out altogether). If it’s a header image or text block, then think about testing typographic treatments, background colors, blending with imagery and replacing with imagery.

3.Sit down with your designer and walk her through the wireframes and what options she has for each section. Ask her, if she had two things to test in each box, what would she test — and if you tested them and they worked, what would that do to help streamline creative next time?

4. Lastly, show her past results of emails that performed, which links performed best (in a visual format). Most email systems will give you a click map overlay report to show clicks by popularity and color code.

Do remember, you aren’t limited to the email only. The email is designed to get the receiver from the email to the landing page, so test the exchange between the two. You may be surprised at what can be left out and provide better value at the point of conversion.

Creating successful and well-received email campaigns is every marketer's dream. Ensuring your campaign gets the best possible response should involve some measure of testing.

According to a 2005 JupiterResearch report, marketers who used testing were twice as likely to attain conversion rates of 3 percent or better. Despite studies showing that testing yields positive results for marketing campaigns, only about 40 percent of marketers do it, mainly because it’s perceived as difficult.

In this article, Silverpop offers a couple of easy tactics to get your testing efforts underway.

Step 1: What to TestTesting is completely dependant on what you’re trying to accomplish. Is your goal to improve open rates? Perhaps it’s to improve click-through rates. Whatever your goal is, your testing efforts should center on tactics that will help you in those areas. Factors marketers typically test include:

Subject lines

Long vs. short copy

Message layout

Offer

Frequency of mailings

Step 2: How to TestConducting your test doesn’t have to be a daunting task. Follow these tips to get good, representative results for your efforts.

Split your list. A popular option for splitting your list is the 10/10/80 split. Use 10 percent of your list to test one option and 10 percent to test the other. The remaining 80 percent receives the best-performing message. Dividing your list randomly can help with getting an accurate cross-section of your overall recipients.

Conduct tests at the same time. Sending your tests at the same time on the same day is important for controlling the response rate. Remember that time is a variable, and sending one test on a Monday afternoon and another on a Friday morning can yield very different results.

Make sure the results are statistically relevant. No matter how you decide what percentage to use, make sure you are testing a large enough sample to receive statistically relevant results.

Maintain a control group. Exclude a random sample of recipients from your tests so you can compare the results of your tests to a group untouched by your testing efforts. This is especially useful when testing recipient behavior over time.

“Concentrate on testing big changes—don’t test a blue versus green background color. Instead, focus on things like a four-column format versus a postcard format. Or, test an offer of 30-percent off versus $50 off a purchase,” he said. “Don’t focus on testing a single word change in the subject line, but rather test completely different subject lines for a more statistically relevant result.”

Step 3: How to Understand the ResultsThe goal of testing is not just to receive high response rates and drive conversions for a single mailing. Your goal is to learn as much as possible about your recipients and use that information in future mailings to improve relevancy for greater long-term success.

Testing can allow you to better understand individual preferences within your recipient database and directly improve relevancy. With testing, you’re able to determine which groups of customers prefer specific offers and, using that information, further your campaign goals.

It's every email sender's nightmare to launch a bug-filled campaign where everyone will see your mistakes. But, if you exercise strict quality control all along the production line, you'll reduce your potential exposure and send campaigns with confidence, even the last-minute ones.

Are you sending it to the correct list? Particularly important if you're an agency sending on behalf of multiple clients. Or, if you just want to send to your test list, make sure that it's selected here (and not your "real" list).

Do you have permission to send emails to the people on your list?

Header

Does your brand appear in the “from” line?

Is the subject benefit-oriented instead of "selling"? Make the first 45 characters or so count. Ask yourself, "What will make a reader immediately open this message?" Rewrite the subject line at least 10 to 20 different ways to come up with the best approach. Test subject lines.

Are you sending the email at a time when the recipient is most likely to read it?

Top of Email or Preview Pane

Did you includes a link to view the email online?

Are you featuring your brand or logo prominently?

Does the email include the newsletter title or strong headline?

Body Content

Is it personalized with the recipient’s name? Do all the merge fields work properly?

Did you include an opening paragraph that pulls readers in?

Does the copy read like it comes from a person?

Does the email includes benefit-oriented information that is also engaging?

Are you making it clear to the reader what you want him to do? Make the call-to-action link prominent, not only on top of the message, but in several additional places in the email as well.

Do you have multiple calls to action? Both as text links and images?

Can the email be easily skimmed? Did you use short paragraphs and bullet points?

Is it a manageable length to read online?

Did you not include too many topics in the email? Maybe it would be better to split the content over two emails?

Did you check the copy one last time for spelling mistakes?

Design

Are you using images sparingly? (only when they advance the goals of the email)

Are your all your images loading and do they load quickly?

Do all the links work? Don't forget to check the links in the text version!

Are all the images linked?

Did you check what the email looks like in different email clients such as Gmail, Yahoo, Hotmail, Outlook, Windows Live Mail, Thunderbird, Entourage, Lotus Notes...

Are you using the correct email template for the campaign?

Did you remember to create a plain-text version of the email?

Footer

Do you have a working unsubscribe link?

Did you include your physical (USPS) address?

Are you protecting your content with a copyright notice?

Landing page

Is the landing page live?

Is the content and the design on the landing page consistent?

Is the content not too long?

Is the call to action obvious?

Is the landing page copy not too long?

Is the registration form not too long? Ask only for the basic information you need. Long forms have a higher exit rate. You can always ask more questions later.

Other

Are you asking recipient to whitelist the “from” address so future e-mails get delivered to their inbox?

Are you including a viral call to action, encouraging the reader to share your email with friends or colleagues?

Did you include a subscription mechanism for people it is forwarded to?

Without proper testing, there is no way to tell what your customers are actually seeing or how they are responding to your message.

In this article, Spencer Kollas tells us to start with establishing a comprehensive plan that outlines what you want to test, what you will consider a success or a failure and how you will measure this.

What can/should you test?

Test to see how your message renders: test your message in a campaign preview tool to see how your message will appear in the various email clients.

Test to see where your messages are placed. Does your email reach the inbox, the junk folder or is it blocked all together? Test inbox placement during every campaign.

Test your content. By making easy and small changes to your content, like changing one word in the subject line or highlighting a product feature, you can increase clicks and sales dramatically. When testing campaigns with different content, you'll want to start by changing one element at a time. This allows you to more easily see what factor is having a direct impact on your email response rate. An easy and effective way to do this is to pull two randomized samples from your entire list. This is called A/B testing.

For smaller lists, it is common to split the entire list into two randomized groups and send one version of the email to each of the groups and measure which group had a better response rate for opens, clicks or revenue generated. Next, apply those findings to future mailings.

For larger lists where statistical significance is not a concern, many marketers use a 10/10/80 split, but you could also select an exact number of recipients for each test mailing. This method allows you to determine the best performing email and then send it to the remainder of the list for maximum impact.

There is also value in testing a carefully selected combination of factors so that you can determine if any of the test elements interact with each other positively or negatively. However, before you embark on what we call multivariate testing, you should recognize that this type of testing is very complicated and requires advanced planning, stringent adherence to the test plan and an extra level of sophistication to interpret the results.

Learn from your results. Track and document your testing results and share information on what works with key stakeholders involved with the strategy, design and promotional aspects of your campaign.

Test continually. Every company has its busy season; for retailers it's the time between October and January, for others it might be the back-to-school season. Either way, it is important to test as much as possible before your busy season. That way, when the critical time arrives, you can take advantage of your most effective messaging based on what you've already learned about your customers and what works for them.