Functional programming is a programming paradigm that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids changing-state and mutable data.

In computer science, functional programming is a programming paradigm—a style of building the structure and elements of computer programs—that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids changing-state and mutable data. It is a declarative programming paradigm, which means programming is done with expressions or declarations instead of statements. wiki

If you’re looking for a quick start in Functional Programming, JavaScript is the perfect language for you. Here’s why:

Almost all programmers have tweaked and / or written JavaScript code at some point of time — hence there should be a certain familiarity

JavaScript comes as close to a standardized programming language we’ll get — it’s the only programming language available across all web browsers

JavaScript comes with a very familiar C like syntax and should be readable to most programmers

Functions have always been first class members in JavaScript, support for Functional Programming is very good and in many ways JavaScript has been ahead of its time

JavaScript doesn’t have Java like Class based Object Oriented Programming support so in many ways you’re forced to be Functional in JavaScript

Functor

An object that has a map method. The map method of the functor takes it’s own contents and transforms each of them using the transformation callback passed to map, and returns a new functor, which contains the structure as the first functor, but with the transformed values.

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