RECERCAT - Microbiologia i Parasitologia Sanitàrieshttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/48845
Sun, 01 Mar 2015 00:45:05 GMT2015-03-01T00:45:05ZThe Channel Imagehttp://www.recercat.cat:80/bitstream/id/34159/http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/48845
Draft genome sequence of the Aeromonas diversa type strainhttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/238837
Draft genome sequence of the Aeromonas diversa type strain
Farfán Sellarés, Maribel; Spataro, Nino; Sanglas Baulenas, Ariadna; Albarral Ávila, Vicenta; Lorén Egea, José Gaspar; Bosch, Elena; Fusté Munné, M. Carme
We present here the first genome sequence of the Aeromonas diversa type strain (CECT 4254T). This strain was isolated from the leg wound of a patient in New Orleans (Louisiana, USA) and was originally described as Enteric Group 501 and distinguished from A. schubertii by DNA<br>DNA hybridization and phenotypical characterization.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/238837Allelic diversity and population structure in Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal based on nucleotide sequence analysishttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/212095
Allelic diversity and population structure in Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal based on nucleotide sequence analysis
Farfán Sellarés, Maribel; Miñana i Galbis, David; Fusté Munné, M. Carme; Lorén Egea, José Gaspar
Comparative analysis of gene fragments of six housekeeping loci, distributed around the two chromosomes of Vibrio cholerae, has been carried out for a collection of 29 V. cholerae O139 Bengal strains isolated from India during the first epidemic period (1992 to 1993). A toxigenic O1 ElTor strain from the seventh pandemic and an environmental non-O1/non-O139 strain were also included in this study. All loci studied were polymorphic, with a small number of polymorphic sites in the sequenced fragments. The genetic diversity determined for our O139 population is concordant with a previous multilocus enzyme electrophoresis study in which we analyzed the same V. cholerae O139 strains. In both studies we have found a higher genetic diversity than reported previously in other molecular studies. The results of the present work showed that O139 strains clustered in several lineages of the dendrogram generated from the matrix of allelic mismatches between the different genotypes, a finding which does not support the hypothesis previously reported that the O139 serogroup is a unique clone. The statistical analysis performed in the V. cholerae O139 isolates suggested a clonal population structure. Moreover, the application of the Sawyer's test and split decomposition to detect intragenic recombination in the sequenced gene fragments did not indicate the existence of recombination in our O139 population.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/212095Calidad en los laboratorios docentes: Unidad de Laboratorios Docentes (ULD) de la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad de Barcelonahttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/217792
Calidad en los laboratorios docentes: Unidad de Laboratorios Docentes (ULD) de la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad de Barcelona
Rodríguez Lagunas, María José; Martín Venegas, Raquel; Girona i Brumós, Victòria; Benedí, Carles; Esteva de Sagrera, Juan, 1948-; Fisa Saladrigas, Roser; Ferrer i Roig, Ruth; Prat Aixelà, Josefa
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/217792Gestión de la docencia práctica en la Unidad de Laboratorios Docentes de la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad de Barcelonahttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/217793
Gestión de la docencia práctica en la Unidad de Laboratorios Docentes de la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad de Barcelona
Rodríguez Lagunas, María José; Martín Venegas, Raquel; Boatella Riera, Josep; Girona i Brumós, Victòria; Díez Noguera, Antoni; Esteva de Sagrera, Juan, 1948-; Benedí, Carles; Fisa Saladrigas, Roser; Ferrer i Roig, Ruth; Prat Aixelà, Josefa
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/217793Activitats per a l'alumnat de secundària "Farmaestiu"http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/247060
Activitats per a l'alumnat de secundària "Farmaestiu"
Bidon-Chanal Badia, Axel; Juárez, Jordi; Luque Garriga, F. Xavier; Amat, Concepció; Saldaña, Sara; Miquel Colomé, Jordi; García Montoya, Encarna; Badía Palacín, Josefa; Escolano Mirón, Carmen; Esteva de Sagrera, Juan, 1948-; Muñoz-Torrero López-Ibarra, Diego; Pallàs i Llibería, Mercè, 1964-; Miñarro Carmona, Montserrat; Plou, Silvina
La Facultat de Farmàcia ha realitzat accions encaminades a enfortir el contacte amb els centres de secundària. En aquest context, es situa l’activitat Farmaestiu que es va celebrar del 16 al 18 de juny de 2014 a la Facultat de Farmàcia.Farmaestiu va estar promogut i organitzat per professors de diferents departaments de la Facultat de Farmàcia juntament amb l’equip deganal de la Facultat de Farmàcia i el Servei d’Atenció a l’Estudiant.Farmaestiu es va adreçar a estudiants de primer i segon dels batxillerat científic (els alumnes havien de cursar 1r de batxillerat durant el curs 2013-2014). La nota acadèmica de la segona avaluació havia d'estar per sobre del 7,5. El nombre de places ofertes va ser de 20. Es va rebre un nombre de sol·licituds molt superior i es va realitzar la selecció tenint en compte la nota acadèmica.Els alumnes van disposar d’un guió de pràctiques elaborat pels professors responsables dels tallers. En aquest guió es descrivien, acompanyats de gràfics, totes les activitats a desenvolupar i es donaven detalls per situar el tema en context i facilitar la compressió del Taller. Les sessions (CONFERÈNCIES I TALLERS) van estar organitzades i impartides per professors de la Facultat i s’indiquen a continuació.; 8na. Trobada Professorat de Ciències de la Salut (4, 5 i 6 de febrer de 2015). Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Barcelona
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/247060New Species in the Old World: Europe as a Frontier in Biodiversity Exploration, a Test Bed for 21st Century Taxonomyhttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/210768
New Species in the Old World: Europe as a Frontier in Biodiversity Exploration, a Test Bed for 21st Century Taxonomy
Fontaine, B.; van Achterberg, K.; Alonso Zarazaga, M. A.; Araujo, R.; Asche, M.; Aspöck, H.; Aspöck, U.; Audisio, P.; Aukema, B.; Bailly, N.; Balsamo, M.; Bank, R. A.; Belfiore, C.; Bogdanowicz, W.; Boxshall, G.; Burckhardt, D.; Chylarecki, P.; Deharveng, L.; Dubois, A.; Gómez López, María Soledad
The number of described species on the planet is about 1.9 million, with ca. 17,000 new species described annually, mostly from the tropics. However, taxonomy is usually described as a science in crisis, lacking manpower and funding, a politically acknowledged problem known as the Taxonomic Impediment. Using data from the Fauna Europaea database and the Zoological Record, we show that contrary to general belief, developed and heavily-studied parts of the world are important reservoirs of unknown species. In Europe, new species of multicellular terrestrial and freshwater animals are being discovered and named at an unprecedented rate: since the 1950s, more than 770 new species are on average described each year from Europe, which add to the 125,000 terrestrial and freshwater multicellular species already known in this region. There is no sign of having reached a plateau that would allow for the assessment of the magnitude of European biodiversity. More remarkably, over 60% of these new species are described by non-professional taxonomists. Amateurs are recognized as an essential part of the workforce in ecology and astronomy, but the magnitude of non-professional taxonomist contributions to alpha-taxonomy has not been fully realized until now. Our results stress the importance of developing a system that better supports and guides this formidable workforce, as we seek to overcome the Taxonomic Impediment and speed up the process of describing the planetary biodiversity before it is too late.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/210768El primer plorhttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/245919
El primer plor
Guerrero, Ricardo, 1943-; Berlanga Herranz, Mercedes
«Ja el nàixer és un gran plor», ens canta Raimon. Hi ha dos moments crucials que fiten tota vida humana: el naixement i la mort.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/245919Divergent evolution and purifying selection of the flaA gene sequences in Aeromonashttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/211237
Divergent evolution and purifying selection of the flaA gene sequences in Aeromonas
Farfán Sellarés, Maribel; Miñana i Galbis, David; Fusté Munné, M. Carme; Lorén Egea, José Gaspar
BACKGROUND: The bacterial flagellum is the most important organelle of motility in bacteria and plays a key role in many bacterial lifestyles, including virulence. The flagellum also provides a paradigm of how hierarchical gene regulation, intricate protein-protein interactions and controlled protein secretion can result in the assembly of a complex multi-protein structure tightly orchestrated in time and space. As if to stress its importance, plants and animals produce receptors specifically dedicated to the recognition of flagella. Aside from motility, the flagellum also moonlights as an adhesion and has been adapted by humans as a tool for peptide display. Flagellar sequence variation constitutes a marker with widespread potential uses for studies of population genetics and phylogeny of bacterial species. RESULTS: We sequenced the complete flagellin gene (flaA) in 18 different species and subspecies of Aeromonas. Sequences ranged in size from 870 (A. allosaccharophila) to 921 nucleotides (A. popoffii). The multiple alignment displayed 924 sites, 66 of which presented alignment gaps. The phylogenetic tree revealed the existence of two groups of species exhibiting different FlaA flagellins (FlaA1 and FlaA2). Maximum likelihood models of codon substitution were used to analyze flaA sequences. Likelihood ratio tests suggested a low variation in selective pressure among lineages, with an omega ratio of less than 1 indicating the presence of purifying selection in almost all cases. Only one site under potential diversifying selection was identified (isoleucine in position 179). However, 17 amino acid positions were inferred as sites that are likely to be under positive selection using the branch-site model. Ancestral reconstruction revealed that these 17 amino acids were among the amino acid changes detected in the ancestral sequence. CONCLUSION: The models applied to our set of sequences allowed us to determine the possible evolutionary pathway followed by the flaA gene in Aeromonas, suggesting that this gene have probably been evolving independently in the two groups of Aeromonas species since the divergence of a distant common ancestor after one or several episodes of positive selection. REVIEWERS: This article was reviewed by Alexey Kondrashov, John Logsdon and Olivier Tenaillon (nominated by Laurence D Hurst).
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/211237Evaluación y mejora del sistema de gestión de la calidad de la Unidad de Laboratorios Docentes de la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad de Barcelonahttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/217791
Evaluación y mejora del sistema de gestión de la calidad de la Unidad de Laboratorios Docentes de la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad de Barcelona
Ferrer i Roig, Ruth; Rodríguez Lagunas, María José; Ferrer, L.; Martín Venegas, Raquel; Fisa Saladrigas, Roser; Girona i Brumós, Victòria; Benedí, Carles; Prat Aixelà, Josefa; Jounou Prat, Carme; Melsió Nuñez, Carme
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/217791Spermiogenesis and ultrastructure of the spermatozoon of Wardula capitellata (Digenea, Mesometridae), an intestinal parasite of the sparid teleost Sarpa salpa in Senegalhttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/211236
Spermiogenesis and ultrastructure of the spermatozoon of Wardula capitellata (Digenea, Mesometridae), an intestinal parasite of the sparid teleost Sarpa salpa in Senegal
Bakhoum, Abdoulaye Jacque Sacodou; Ndiaye, Papa Ibnou; Sène, Aminata; Bâ, Cheikh Tidiane; Miquel Colomé, Jordi
The spermiogenesis process in Wardula capitellata begins with the formation of a differentiation zone containing two centrioles associated with striated rootlets and an intercentriolar body. Each centriole develops into a free flagellum orthogonal to a median cytoplasmic process. Later these flagella rotate and become parallel to the median cytoplasmic process, which already exhibits two electron-dense areas and spinelike bodies before its proximodistal fusion with the flagella. The final stage of the spermiogenesis is characterized by the constriction of the ring of arched membranes, giving rise to the young spermatozoon, which detaches from the residual cytoplasm. The mature spermatozoon of W. capitellata presents most of the classical characters reported in digenean spermatozoa such as two axonemes of different lengths of the 9 + '1' trepaxonematan pattern, nucleus, mitochondrion, two bundles of parallel cortical microtubules and granules of glycogen. However, some peculiarities such as two lateral expansions accompanied by external ornamentation of the plasma membrane and spinelike bodies characterize the mature sperm. Moreover, a new spermatological character is described for the first time, the so-called cytoplasmic ornamented buttons.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/211236A topical microemulsion for the prevention of allergic rhinitis symptoms: results of a randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel group, multicentre, multinational clinical trial (Nares study)http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/245723
A topical microemulsion for the prevention of allergic rhinitis symptoms: results of a randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel group, multicentre, multinational clinical trial (Nares study)
Ojeda, Pedro; Piqué i Clusella, Núria; Alonso, Alicia; Delgado, Julio; Feo, Francisco; Igea, Juan Manuel; Navarro, Ana; Olaguibel, José María; Subiza, Javier; Nieto, Carles; Andersson, Morgan
Background: Since barrier protection measures to avoid contact with allergens are being increasingly developed, we assessed the clinical efficacy and tolerability of a topical nasal microemulsion made of glycerol esters in patients with allergic rhinitis. Methods: Randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel group, multicentre, multinational clinical trial in which adult patients with allergic rhinitis or rhinoconjunctivitis due to sensitization to birch, grass or olive tree pollens received treatment with topical microemulsion or placebo during the pollen seasons. Efficacy variables included scores in the mini-RQLQ questionnaire, number and severity of nasal, ocular and lung signs and symptoms, need for symptomatic medications and patients" satisfaction with treatment. Adverse events were also recorded. Results: Demographic characteristics were homogeneous between groups and mini-RQLQ scores did not differ significantly at baseline (visit 1). From symptoms recorded in the diary cards, the ME group showed statistically significant better scores for nasal congestion (0.72 vs. 1.01; p = 0.017) and mean total nasal symptoms (0.7 vs. 0.9; p = 0.045). At visit 2 (pollen season), lower values were observed in the mini-RQLQ in the ME group, although there were no statistically significant differences between groups in both full analysis set (FAS) and patients completing treatment (PPS) populations. The results obtained in the nasal symptoms domain of the mini-RQLQ at visit 2 showed the highest difference (−0.43; 95% CI: -0.88 to 0.02) for the ME group in the FAS population. The topical microemulsion was safe and well tolerated and no major discomforts were observed. Satisfaction rating with the treatment was similar between the groups. Conclusions: The topical application of the microemulsion is a feasible and safe therapy in the prevention of allergic symptoms, particularly nasal congestion.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/245723Membrane interaction of a new synthetic antimicrobial lipopetide sp-85 with broad spectrum activityhttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/246595
Membrane interaction of a new synthetic antimicrobial lipopetide sp-85 with broad spectrum activity
Grau Campistany, Ariadna; Pujol Cubells, Montserrat; Marqués Villavecchia, Ana M.; Manresa Presas, Ma. Ángeles (María Ángeles); Rabanal Anglada, Francesc; Cajal Visa, Yolanda
Antimicrobial peptides offer a new class of therapeutic agents to which bacteria may not be able todevelop genetic resistance, since their main activity is in the lipid component of the bacterial cell mem-brane. We have developed a series of synthetic cationic cyclic lipopeptides based on natural polymyxin,and in this work we explore the interaction of sp-85, an analog that contains a C12 fatty acid at theN-terminus and two residues of arginine. This analog has been selected from its broad spectrum antibac-terial activity in the micromolar range, and it has a disruptive action on the cytoplasmic membrane ofbacteria, as demonstrated by TEM. In order to obtain information on the interaction of this analog withmembrane lipids, we have obtained thermodynamic parameters from mixed monolayers prepared withPOPG and POPE/POPG (molar ratio 6:4), as models of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, respec-tively. Langmuir<br>Blodgett films have been extracted on glass plates and observed by confocal microscopy,and images are consistent with a strong destabilizing effect on the membrane organization induced bysp-85. The effect of sp-85 on the membrane is confirmed with unilamelar lipid vesicles of the same com-position, where biophysical experiments based on fluorescence are indicative of membrane fusion andpermeabilization starting at very low concentrations of peptide and only if anionic lipids are present.Overall, results described here provide strong evidence that the mode of action of sp-85 is the alterationof the bacterial membrane permeability barrier.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/246595The lipopolysaccharide of Aeromonas spp: structure-activity relationshipshttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/245722
The lipopolysaccharide of Aeromonas spp: structure-activity relationships
Piqué i Clusella, Núria; Miñana i Galbis, David; Merino Montero, Susana; Tomàs Magaña, Juan
Marine microorganisms, including Aeromonas, are a source of compds. for drug development that have generated great expectations in the last decades. Aeromonas infections produce septicemia, and ulcerative and haemorrhagic diseases in fish. Among the pathogenic factors assocd. with Aeromonas, the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)​, a surface glyconconjugate unique to Gram-​neg. bacteria consisting of lipid A (lipid anchor of the mol.)​, core oligosaccharide and O-​specific polysaccharide (O antigen)​, are key elicitors of innate immune responses. The chem. structure of these three parts has been characterized in Aeromonas. Based on the high variability of repeated units of O-​polysaccharides, a total of 97 O-​serogroups have been described in Aeromonas species, of which four of them (O:11; O:16; O:18 and O:34) account for more than 60​% of the septicemia cases. The core of LPS is subdivided into two regions, the inner (highly conserved) and the outer core. The inner core of Aeromonas LPS is characterized by the presence of 3-​deoxy-​d-​manno-​oct-​2-​ulosonic (ketodeoxyoctonic) acid (Kdo) and l-​glycero-​d-​manno-​Heptoses (l,​d-​Hep)​, which are linked to the outer core, characterized by the presence of Glc, GlcN, Gal, and GalNAc (in Aeromonas salmonicida)​, d,​d-​Hep (in Aeromonas salmonicida)​, and l,​d-​Hep (in Aeromonas hydrophila)​. The biol. relevance of these differences in the distal part of the outer core among these species has not been fully assessed to date. The inner core is attached to the lipid A, a highly conserved structure that confers endotoxic properties to the LPS when the mol. is released in blood from lysed bacteria, thus inducing a major systemic inflammatory response known as septic or endotoxic shock. In Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida the Lipid A components contain three major lipid A mols., differing in acylation patterns corresponding to tetra-​, penta- and hexa-​acylated lipid A species and comprising of 4'-​monophosphorylated β-​2-​amino-​2-​deoxy-​d-​glucopyranose-​(1→6)​-​2-​amino-​2-​deoxy-​d-​glucopyranose disaccharide. In the present review, we discuss the structure-​activity relationships of Aeromonas LPS, focusing on its role in bacterial pathogenesis and its possible applications.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/245722Aeromonas surface glucan attached throught the O-antigen ligase represents a new way to obtain UDP-Glucosehttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/245074
Aeromonas surface glucan attached throught the O-antigen ligase represents a new way to obtain UDP-Glucose
Merino Montero, Susana; Bouamama, Lamiaa; Knirel, Yuriy A.; Shenchenkova, Sofya N.; Regué Queralt, Miguel, 1953-; Tomàs Magaña, Juan
We previously reported that A. hydrophila GalU mutants were still able to produce UDP-glucose introduced as a glucose residue in their lipopolysaccharide core. In this study, we found the unique origin of this UDP-glucose from a branched α-glucan surface polysaccharide. This glucan, surface attached through the O-antigen ligase (WaaL), is common to the mesophilic Aeromonas strains tested. The Aeromonas glucan is produced by the action of the glycogen synthase (GlgA) and the UDP-Glc pyrophosphorylase (GlgC), the latter wrongly indicated as an ADP-Glc pyrophosphorylase in the Aeromonas genomes available. The Aeromonas glycogen synthase is able to react with UDP or ADP-glucose, which is not the case of E. coli glycogen synthase only reacting with ADP-glucose. The Aeromonas surface glucan has a role enhancing biofilm formation. Finally, for the first time to our knowledge, a clear preference on behalf of bacterial survival and pathogenesis is observed when choosing to produce one or other surface saccharide molecules to produce (lipopolysaccharide core or glucan).
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/245074Ultrastructural study of spermiogenesis and the spermatozoon of the proteocephalidean cestode Barsonella lafoni de Chambrier et al., 2009, a parasite of the catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Siluriformes, Clariidae)http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/210962
Ultrastructural study of spermiogenesis and the spermatozoon of the proteocephalidean cestode Barsonella lafoni de Chambrier et al., 2009, a parasite of the catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Siluriformes, Clariidae)
Marigo, Adji Mama; Levron, Céline; Bâ, Cheikh Tidiane; Miquel Colomé, Jordi
Spermiogenesis in the proteocephalidean cestode Barsonella lafoni de Chambrier et al., 2009 shows typical characteristics of the type I spermiogenesis. These include the formation of distal cytoplasmic protrusions forming the differentiation zones, lined by cortical microtubules and containing two centrioles. An electron-dense material is present in the apical region of the differentiation zone during the early stages of spermiogenesis. Each centriole is associated to a striated rootlet, being separated by an intercentriolar body. Two free and unequal flagella originate from the centrioles and develop on the lateral sides of the differentiation zone. A median cytoplasmic process is formed between the flagella. Later these flagella rotate, become parallel to the median cytoplasmic process and finally fuse proximodistally with the latter. It is interesting to note that both flagellar growth and rotation are asynchronous. Later, the nucleus enlarges and penetrates into the spermatid body. Finally, the ring of arching membranes is strangled and the young spermatozoon is detached from the residual cytoplasm. The mature spermatozoon presents two axonemes of the 9 +"1" trepaxonematan pattern, crested body, parallel nucleus and cortical microtubules, and glycogen granules. Thus, it corresponds to the type II spermatozoon, described in almost all Proteocephalidea. The anterior extremity of the gamete is characterized by the presence of an apical cone surrounded by the lateral projections of the crested body. An arc formed by some thick and parallel cortical microtubules appears at the level of the centriole. They surround the centriole and later the first axoneme. This arc of electron-dense microtubules disorganizes when the second axoneme appears, and then two parallel rows of thin cortical microtubules are observed. The posterior extremity of the male gamete exhibits some cortical microtubules. This type of posterior extremity has never been described in proteocephalidean cestodes. The ultrastructural features of the spermatozoon/spermiogenesis of the Proteocephalidea species are analyzed and compared.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/210962New biogeographical and morphological information on Physaloptera ngoci Le-Van-Hoa, 1961 (Nematoda: Physalopteridae) in South-east Asian rodentshttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/223242
New biogeographical and morphological information on Physaloptera ngoci Le-Van-Hoa, 1961 (Nematoda: Physalopteridae) in South-east Asian rodents
Veciana, Marina; Chaisiri, Kittiponk; Morand, Serge; Miquel Colomé, Jordi; Ribas Salvador, Alexis
During a study of the helminth fauna of 1,643 rodents trapped along the Mekong River (Thailand, LaoPeople"s Democratic Republic and Cambodia) in 2008-2011, the spirurid nematode Physaloptera ngoci Le-Van-Hoa,1961 was recovered with an overall prevalence of 2.8%. Based on the original description, it was identiﬁed in nine of 23 different Murinae host species and is here reported for the ﬁrst time from these three countries. A scanning electron microscopy study provides additional morphological data.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/223242Molecular phylogenetics and temporal diversification in the genus Aeromonas based on the sequences of five housekeeping geneshttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/238836
Molecular phylogenetics and temporal diversification in the genus Aeromonas based on the sequences of five housekeeping genes
Lorén Egea, José Gaspar; Farfán Sellarés, Maribel; Fusté Munné, M. Carme
Several approaches have been developed to estimate both the relative and absolute rates of speciation and extinction within clades based on molecular phylogenetic reconstructions of evolutionary relationships, according to an underlying model of diversification. However, the macroevolutionary models established for eukaryotes have scarcely been used with prokaryotes. We have investigated the rate and pattern of cladogenesis in the genus Aeromonas (γ-Proteobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteria) using the sequences of five housekeeping genes and an uncorrelated relaxed-clock approach. To our knowledge, until now this analysis has never been applied to all the species described in a bacterial genus and thus opens up the possibility of establishing models of speciation from sequence data commonly used in phylogenetic studies of prokaryotes. Our results suggest that the genus Aeromonas began to diverge between 248 and 266 million years ago, exhibiting a constant divergence rate through the Phanerozoic, which could be described as a pure birth process.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/238836Ultrastructural characters of the spermatozoon of the digenean Hypocreadium caputvadum Kacem et al., 2011 (Lepocreadioidea: Lepocreadiidae), an intestinal parasite of Balistes capriscus in Tunisiahttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/211234
Ultrastructural characters of the spermatozoon of the digenean Hypocreadium caputvadum Kacem et al., 2011 (Lepocreadioidea: Lepocreadiidae), an intestinal parasite of Balistes capriscus in Tunisia
Kacem, Hichem; Bakhoum, Abdoulaye Jacque Sacodou; Eira, Catarina; Neifar, Lassad; Miquel Colomé, Jordi
The ultrastructural organization of the spermatozoon of the digenean Hypocreadium caputvadum (Lepocreadioidea: Lepocreadiidae) is described. Live digeneans were collected from Balistes capriscus (Teleostei: Balistidae) from the Gulf of Gabès, Tunisia (Eastern Mediterranean Sea). The mature spermatozoon of H. caputvadum shows several ultrastructural characters such as two axonemes of different lengths exhibiting the classical 9 +"1" trepaxonematan pattern, a nucleus, two mitochondria, granules of glycogen, external ornamentation of the plasma membrane and two bundles of parallel cortical microtubules. Moreover, in the anterior extremity, the second axoneme is partly surrounded by a discontinuous and submembranous layer of electron-dense material. Our study provides new data on the spermatozoon of H. caputvadum in order to improve the understanding of phylogenetic relationships in the Digenea, particularly in the superfamily Lepocreadioidea. In this context, the electron-dense material surrounding one of the axonemes in the anterior spermatozoon extremity constitutes the unique distinguishing ultrastructural character of lepocreadioideans, and it is present in spermatozoa of lepocreadiids, aephnidiogenids and gyliauchenids.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/211234Seroprevalence of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in wild rodents from the Canary Islandshttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/208109
Seroprevalence of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in wild rodents from the Canary Islands
Martin-Alonso, Aarón; Foronda, Pilar; Quispe-Ricalde, María Antonieta; Feliu José, Carlos; Valladares, Basilio
Background: Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a lungworm of rats (Muridae) that is the causative agent of human cerebral angiostrongyliasis. The life cycle of A. cantonensis involves rats and mollusks as the definitive and intermediate hosts, respectively. This study was designed to increase the knowledge about the occurrence and distribution of A. cantonensis in its definitive host in the Canary Islands, using parasitological and serological analysis in different areas and age groups.Methodology/Principal Findings: Between 2009 and 2010, 54 black rats (Rattus rattus) from Tenerife were captured from six human-inhabited areas and sera samples were obtained. The lung nematodes were identified by morphological and molecular tools as A. cantonensis. The 31-kDa glycoprotein antigen was purified from A. cantonensis adult worms by electrophoresis and electroelution. Of the 54 tested rodents, 30 showed IgG antibodies against A. cantonensis 31-kDa antigen by ELISA. Therefore, the overall seroprevalence was 55.6% (95% CI: 42.4-68). Seroprevalent rodents were found in all the 6 areas. This 31-kDa antigen was not recognized by some sera of rats infected by other helminth species (but not A. cantonensis). Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against A. cantonensis and prevalence based on the presence of adult worms showed significant correlation (R2 = 0.954, p,0.05). Conclusions/Significance: The present results could indicate a high prevalence of A. cantonensisin Tenerife and suggest the inclusion of two new zones in the distribution area of the parasite. The commonness and wide distribution of A. cantonensis in rats implies the presence of intermediate hosts, indicating that humans may be at risk of getting infected.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/208109Ultrastructure of vitellogenesis and vitellocytes in the trypanorhynch cestode Aporhynchus menezesi, a parasite of the velvet belly lanternshark Etmopterus spinaxhttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/210816
Ultrastructure of vitellogenesis and vitellocytes in the trypanorhynch cestode Aporhynchus menezesi, a parasite of the velvet belly lanternshark Etmopterus spinax
Swiderski, Zdzislaw; Miquel Colomé, Jordi; Marigo, Adji Mama; Gibson, David I.
This is the first TEM examination of vitellogenesis in the cestode Aporhynchus menezesi, a parasite of the velvet belly lanternshark Etmopterus spinax and a member of a little-studied trypanorhynch family, the Aporhynchidae. The synthetic activity of vitellocytes plays two important functions in the developmental biology of cestodes: (1) their shell-globules serve in eggshell formation; and (2) their accumulated reserves of glycogen and lipids represent a food source for the developing embryo. In A. menezesi, vitelline follicles consist of cells at various stages of development, from peripheral, immature cells of the gonial type to mature cells towards the centre of the follicle. These stages are: (I) immature; (II) early differentiation; (III) advanced maturation; and (IV) mature. Gradual changes involved in this process occur within each stage. Vitellogenesis involves: (1) an increase in cell volume; (2) the development of a smooth endoplasmic reticulum and an accelerated formation and accumulation of both unsaturated and saturated lipid droplets, along with their continuous enlargement and fusion; (3) the formation of individual β-glycogen particles and their accumulation in the form of glycogen islands scattered among lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of maturing and mature vitellocytes; (4) the rapid accumulation of large, moderately saturated lipid droplets accompanied by dense accumulations of β-glycogen along with proteinaceous shell-globules or shell-globule clusters in the peripheral layer during the advanced stage of maturation; (5) the development of cisternae of granular endoplasmic reticulum that produce dense, proteinaceous shell-globules; (6) the development of Golgi complexes engaged in the packaging of this material; and (7) the progressive and continuous enlargement of shell-globules into very large clusters in the peripheral layer during the advanced stage of maturation. Vitellogenesis in A. menezesi, only to some extent, resembles that previously described for four other trypanorhynchs. It differs in: (i) the reversed order of secretory activities in the differentiating vitellocytes, namely the accumulation of large lipid droplets accompanied by glycogenesis or β-glycogen formation during early differentiation (stage II), i.e. before the secretory activity, which is predominantly protein synthesis for shell-globule formation (stage III); (ii) the very heavy accumulation of large lipid droplets during the final stage of cytodifferentiation (stage IV); and (iii) the small number of β-glycogen particles present in mature vitellocytes. Ultracytochemical staining with PA-TCH-SP for glycogen proved positive for a small number of β-glycogen particles in differentiating and mature vitellocytes. Hypotheses, concerning the interrelationships of patterns of vitellogenesis, possible modes of egg formation, embryonic development and life-cycles, are commented upon.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/210816Spermiogenesis and the spermatozoon ultrastructure of Robphildollfusium fractum (Digenea: Gyliauchenidae), an intestinal parasite of Sarpa salpa (Pisces: Teleostei)http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/211235
Spermiogenesis and the spermatozoon ultrastructure of Robphildollfusium fractum (Digenea: Gyliauchenidae), an intestinal parasite of Sarpa salpa (Pisces: Teleostei)
Bakhoum, Abdoulaye Jacque Sacodou; Sène, Aminata; Ndiaye, Papa Ibnou; Bâ, Cheikh Tidiane; Miquel Colomé, Jordi
Spermiogenesis in Robphildollfusium fractum begins with the formation of a differentiation zone containing: two centrioles, each bearing striated rootlets, nucleus, several mitochondria and an intercentriolar body constituted by seven electron-dense layers. The two centrioles originate two free flagella growing orthogonally to the median cytoplasmic process. Later, the free flagella rotate and undergo proximodistal fusion with the median cytoplasmic process. Nuclear and mitochondrial migrations occur before this proximodistal fusion. Finally, the young spermatozoon detaches from the residual cytoplasm after the constriction of the ring of arched membranes. The spermatozoon of R. fractum exhibits two axonemes of different length of the 9 +"1" trepaxonematan pattern, nucleus, two mitochondria, two bundles of parallel cortical microtubules, external ornamentation of the plasma membrane, spine-like bodies and granules of glycogen. Additionally, a shorter axoneme, which does not reach the nuclear region, the presence of an electron-dense material in the anterior spermatozoon extremity and the morphologies of both spermatozoon extremities characterize the mature sperm of R. fractum.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/211235Vida immortalhttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/226849
Vida immortal
Guerrero, Ricardo, 1943-; Berlanga Herranz, Mercedes
Poques coses han captivat tan poderosament la imaginació humana com la idea de viure eternament. Però tots sabem que els éssers vius, més tard o més d'hora, moren.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/226849Spermiogenesis and spermatozoon ultrastructure of the diphyllidean cestode Echinobothrium euterpes (Neifar, Tyler and Euzet 2001) Tyler 2006, a parasite of the common guitarfish Rhinobatos rhinobatoshttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/211232
Spermiogenesis and spermatozoon ultrastructure of the diphyllidean cestode Echinobothrium euterpes (Neifar, Tyler and Euzet 2001) Tyler 2006, a parasite of the common guitarfish Rhinobatos rhinobatos
Marigo, Adji Mama; Eira, Catarina; Bâ, Cheikh Tidiane; Miquel Colomé, Jordi
Spermiogenesis and the ultrastructural characters of the spermatozoon of Echinobothrium euterpes are described by means of transmission electron microscopy, including cytochemical analysis for glycogen. Materials were obtained from a common guitarfish Rhinobatos rhinobatos caught in the Gulf of Gabès (Tunisia). Spermiogenesis in E. euterpes is characterized by the orthogonal development of two unequal flagella followed by the flagellar rotation and the proximodistal fusion of these flagella with the median cytoplasmic process. The most interesting pattern characterizing the diphyllidean cestodes is the presence of a triangular body constituted by fines and dense granules without visible striation and assimilated at the striated rootlets. This pattern, only related in the Diphyllidea cestodes may be a synapomorphy of this order. Spermiogenesis is also characterized by the presence of a very short flagellum (around 1 μm long), observed in all the stages of spermiogenesis. This type of flagellum has never been commented in the diphyllidean cestodes and should be considered as an evolved character in this group. In the latest stage of spermiogenesis, this short axoneme probably degenerates. Thus, the mature spermatozoon of E. euterpes possesses only one axoneme of 9 + '1' trepaxonematan pattern. It also exhibits a single helical electron-dense crested body, a spiraled nucleus, few parallel cortical microtubules, and α-glycogen granules. Similitudes and differences between spermatozoa of diphyllideans are discussed.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/211232SEM evidence for existence of an apical disc on the scolex of Clestobothrium crassiceps (Rudolphi, 1819): comparative results of various fixation techniqueshttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/210817
SEM evidence for existence of an apical disc on the scolex of Clestobothrium crassiceps (Rudolphi, 1819): comparative results of various fixation techniques
Miquel Colomé, Jordi; Swiderski, Zdzislaw; Marigo, Adji Mama; Delgado Sureda, Eulàlia; Torres Martínez, Jordi
The scolex of the bothriocephalidean cestode Clestobothrium crassiceps was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The comparative results of various fixation procedures and techniques are presented. The scolex of C. crassiceps is oval to globular and exhibits two deep bothria which appear in the form of two lobes separated by a longitudinal groove. At the apex of the scolex, resembling a beret, an apical disc is present (oval, flattened and with a sinuous edge). Our results are compared with those previously reported in other species of Clestobothrium. This study represents the first report which highlights the presence of an apical disc in the scolex of C. crassiceps. It describes the effects of different procedures applied to our material during preparation and a comparative analysis results obtained using these various methods.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/210817Spermiogenesis and spermatozoon ultrastructure of the dilepidid cestode Molluscotaenia crassiscolex (von Linstow, 1890), an intestinal parasite of the common shrew Sorex araneushttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/211033
Spermiogenesis and spermatozoon ultrastructure of the dilepidid cestode Molluscotaenia crassiscolex (von Linstow, 1890), an intestinal parasite of the common shrew Sorex araneus
Marigo, Adji Mama; Bâ, Cheikh Tidiane; Miquel Colomé, Jordi
Spermiogenesis in Molluscotaenia crassiscolex begins with the formation of a differentiation zone containing two centrioles. One of the centrioles develops a flagellum directly into the cytoplasmic extension. The nucleus elongates and later migrates along the spermatid body. During advanced stages of spermiogenesis, a periaxonemal sheath appears in the spermatid. Spermiogenesis finishes with the appearance of a single helicoidal crested body at the base of the spermatid and, finally, the narrowing of the ring of arched membranes causes the detachment of the fully formed spermatozoon. The mature spermatozoon of M. crassiscolex exhibits a partially detached crested body in the anterior region of the spermatozoon, one axoneme, twisted cortical microtubules, a periaxonemal sheath, and a spiralled nucleus. The anterior spermatozoon extremity is characterized by the presence of an electron-dense apical cone and a single spiralled crested body, which is attached to the sperm cell in the anterior and posterior areas of region I, whereas in the middle area it is partially detached from the cell. This crested body is described for the first time in cestodes. The posterior extremity of the male gamete exhibits only the disorganizing axoneme. Results are discussed and compared particularly with the available ultrastructural data on dilepidids sensu lato.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/211033Draft genome sequence of Aeromonas molluscorum strain 848TT, isolated from bivalve molluscshttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/238838
Draft genome sequence of Aeromonas molluscorum strain 848TT, isolated from bivalve molluscs
Spataro, Nino; Farfán Sellarés, Maribel; Albarral Ávila, Vicenta; Sanglas Baulenas, Ariadna; Lorén Egea, José Gaspar; Fusté Munné, M. Carme; Bosch, Elena
We report here the draft genome sequence of Aeromonas molluscorum 848T, the type strain of this Aeromonas species, which was isolated from wedge shells (Donax trunculus) obtained from a retail market in Barcelona, Spain, in 1997.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/238838Miracles i miratgeshttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/238160
Miracles i miratges
Guerrero, Ricardo, 1943-; Berlanga Herranz, Mercedes; Puche, Carles
L'any del Senyor de 1263, el pare Pere de Praga dubtava de la transsubstanciació del cos i de la sang de Crist en l'eucaristia. Així, va anar en pelegrinatge a Roma, en cerca de (...)
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/238160Spermiogenesis and spermatozoon of the liver fluke Mediogonimus jourdanei (Microphalloidea: Prosthogonimidae), a parasite of Myodes glareolus (Rodentia: Cricetidae)http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/233073
Spermiogenesis and spermatozoon of the liver fluke Mediogonimus jourdanei (Microphalloidea: Prosthogonimidae), a parasite of Myodes glareolus (Rodentia: Cricetidae)
Bakhoum, Abdoulaye Jacque Sacodou; Feliu José, Carlos; Bâ, Cheikh Tidiane; Miquel Colomé, Jordi
Spermatological characters of the liver fluke Mediogonimus jourdanei Mas-Coma et Rocamora, 1978 were studied by means of transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Spermiogenesis begins with the formation of the differentiation zone containing two centrioles associated with striated rootlets and an intercentriolar body. These two centrioles originate two free flagella that undergo a 90 degrees rotation before fusing with the median cytoplasmic process. Both nuclear and mitochondrial migrations toward the median cytoplasmic process occur before the proximodistal fusion of flagella. Finally, the constriction of the ring of arched membranes gives rise to the young spermatozoon. The mature sperm of M. jourdanei measures about 260 microm and presents two axonemes of different lengths with the typical pattern of the Trepaxonemata, two bundles of parallel cortical microtubules, one mitochondrion, a nucleus and granules of glycogen. An analysis of all the microphalloidean species studied to date emphasised some differences in certain characters found in Maritrema linguilla Jägerskiöld, 1908 and Ganeo tigrinum Mehra et Negi, 1928 in comparison to those in the remaining microphalloideans. The presence and variability of such ultrastructural characters according to family, superfamily or order have led several authors to propose their use in the analysis of trematode relationships and phylogeny. Therefore, apart from producing new data on the family Prosthogonimidae, the present study also compares the spermatological organization of M jourdanei with other available ultrastructural studies focusing on the Microphalloidea.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/233073Ultrastructure of the spermatozoon of the digenean Lecithocladium excisum (Rudolphi, 1819) (Hemiuroidea: Hemiuridae), a parasite of marine teleosts in Senegalhttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/233072
Ultrastructure of the spermatozoon of the digenean Lecithocladium excisum (Rudolphi, 1819) (Hemiuroidea: Hemiuridae), a parasite of marine teleosts in Senegal
Ndiaye, Papa Ibnou; Diagne, Papa Mbagnick; Sène, Aminata; Bakhoum, Abdoulaye Jacque Sacodou; Miquel Colomé, Jordi
The present study describes the ultrastructure of the mature spermatozoon of Lecithocladium excisum (Rudolphi, 1819) (Digenea: Hemiuroidea: Hemiuridae) from the stomach of the marine teleost Scomber japonicus Houttuyn (Scombridae) captured in the Atlantic Ocean, off Dakar (Senegal). The ultrastructural organization of the spermatozoon of L. excisum follows the general model described in most digeneans. It presents two axonemes of the 9+'1' pattern of the Trepaxonemata, nucleus, mitochondrion and parallel cortical microtubules, among other characters. However, some particularities of the spermatozoon of L. excisum are (i) the presence of a membranous ornamentation not associated with cortical microtubules in its anterior extremity, (ii) the presence of a very reduced number of cortical microtubules located only in the ventral side of the spermatozoon and (iii) the absence of several structures described in most digeneans such as spine-like bodies and cytoplasmic expansions.
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/233072Corpus Oral Dialectal (COD). Presentation_Englishhttp://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/232374
Corpus Oral Dialectal (COD). Presentation_English
Viaplana, Joaquim, 1942-; Lloret, Maria-Rosa; Perea, Maria Pilar, 1960-; Clua i Julve, Esteve
Aquest document conté el text Presentation_English, una introducció en anglès al CD del Corpus Oral Dialectal (COD). El COD és un component del Corpus de Català Contemporani de la Universitat de Barcelona (CCCUB), un arxiu de corpus de llengua catalana oral contemporània que ha estat confegit pel grup de recerca Grup d'Estudi de la Variació (GEV) amb la finalitat de contribuir a l'estudi de la variació dialectal, social i funcional en la llengua catalana. Aquest i altres materials del CCCUB són accessibles directament al Dipòsit UB o a través del web del CCCUB (http://www.ub.edu/cccub).
http://www.recercat.cat:80/handle/2072/232374