The following is a partial list of Indian reserves in Canada by province and territory, which were mostly established by the Indian Act of 1876 and have been variously expanded and reduced by royal commissions since. They are sometimes incorrectly called by the American term "reservations".[1][2][3][4]

The Inuit self-governing region of Nunatsiavut is also located in Labrador. Also the Qalipu First Nation of Mi'kmaq have passed the final stages of obtaining Status under the Indian Act, and a new First Nation will be given birth in NFLD.

In Quebec, the Indian Act applies only to the First Nations of the southern part of the province, so Indian reserves are only found in the south. The Minister of Indian Affairs assigns 34 tracts of land as Indian reserves and settlements under the Indian Act:

The Wolf Lake First Nation (Algonquin) and the Gespeg First Nation (Mi'kmaq) are two communities without any assigned reserve but recognized as Status Indian under the Indian Act.

The First Nations and the Inuit in northern Quebec are covered by different laws based on the James Bay And Northern Quebec Agreement and the Northeastern Quebec Agreement, which superseded the Indian Act in the 1970s. No Indian reserve exists in northern Quebec, but Aboriginal peoples still live in specific villages with recognized rights: