a Switzerland has no formal agreement with the United States or other CoCom member, but it practices export controls on the basis of informal arrangements. Switzerland receives all available licensing benefits, except the general license for intra-CoCom trade (GCT).

b Finland does not have a formal agreement with the United States or other CoCom member, but it practices export controls on the basis of informal arrangements. Finland receives all available licensing benefits, except GCT.

c Austria does not have a formal agreement with the United States or other CoCom member, but it practices export controls on the basis of informal arrangements. Austria receives general license for CoCom and cooperating countries (G-Com), general license for cooperating governments (GCG), 15/15 day license processing, and PRC permissive reexport. The remaining licensing benefits, with the exception of GCT, were expected to be granted in late 1990.

d Singapore signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the United States in 1987 and was subsequently granted G-Com and GCG. The granting of further benefits is predicated on implementation of the agreement.

e South Korea signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the United States in 1987, but the agreement was not ratified by the Korean parliament until 1989. South Korea was scheduled to receive GCG and 15/15 day license processing benefits in late 1990. Further benefits are predicated on implementation of the agreement.

f Taiwan has not signed an agreement with the United States or other CoCom member. Taiwan does not have a formal system of export controls and does not receive any licensing benefits.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Export Administration.

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