5.
What is Man-Machine Interaction? <ul><li>A process of information transfer from </li></ul><ul><ul><li>User to Machine </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Machine to User </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Man-Machine Interaction also referred as </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Computer-Human Interaction (CHI) </li></ul></ul><ul><li>As per ACM SIGCHI: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>HCI is “a discipline concerned with the design , evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them” </li></ul></ul>

8.
HCI System Architecture <ul><li>Architecture of any HCI Systems identified by- </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Number of inputs and outputs in the system </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Diversity of inputs and outputs in terms of modality </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Workings of these diverse input and output for interaction purpose </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Based on different configuration and design of interface, HCI system can be divided into- </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Unimodal HCI System </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Multimodal HCI System </li></ul></ul>

9.
Unimodal vs Multimodal <ul><li>Unimodal HCI System </li></ul><ul><ul><li>The system based on single channel of input </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Restricted to the use of only one mode of human-computer interaction modality </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Example are Text based User Interface, Graphical User Interface, Pointer based Interface, Touch based interface etc </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Multimodal HCI System </li></ul><ul><ul><li>The system based on combination of multiple modalities of interaction by simultaneous use of different channels </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Motivated by the natural way of human interaction </li></ul></ul>

10.
Limitation of Unimodal Interaction <ul><li>Not a natural way of human interaction </li></ul><ul><li>Usually designed for the ‘average’ user </li></ul><ul><li>Fails to cater the need of diverse category of people </li></ul><ul><li>Difficult to use by disable, illiterate and untrained people </li></ul><ul><li>Cannot provide universal interface </li></ul><ul><li>More error prone </li></ul>

15.
Need for Multimodal HCI System <ul><li>To enhance error avoidance and ease of error resolution. </li></ul><ul><li>To accommodate a wider range of users, tasks, and environmental situations. </li></ul><ul><li>To cater the need of individual with differences, such as permanent or temporary handicaps. </li></ul><ul><li>To prevent overuse of any individual mode during extended computer usage. </li></ul><ul><li>To permit the flexible and improved use of input modes, including alternation and integrated use. </li></ul>

26.
Future of Human-Computer Interaction <ul><li>Future HCI will be more for realizing Natural User Interface </li></ul><ul><li>Interaction can be made using combination of </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Gesture, Speech, Facial Expression, Vision, Gaze, Touch, Brain wave </li></ul></ul><ul><li>As per prediction in Microsoft’s HCI Vision 2020 report, in future, </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Physical objects like wall, floor, furniture will be able to interact in distributed manner with the human beings in very natural way </li></ul></ul><ul><li>As per an article appeared on 3 rd September 2010 in an online magazine “Network World” </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Future computer can be interacted using brainwaves in combination of other modality like gesture and can be accessible at anywhere even by just using movements of human body parts in air – Pranav Mistry , MIT Media Lab. </li></ul></ul>

27.
Conclusion <ul><li>Use of Multimodal HCI (MHCI) provides great many advantages over unimodal interface </li></ul><ul><li>MHCI is capable of providing natural user interface to human being </li></ul><ul><li>MHCI is able to pave a way for universal design for diverse application and people </li></ul><ul><li>MHCI has great potential in terms of applications areas and thus needs extensive inter-disciplinary research for addressing issues and challenges </li></ul>

34.
Why Man-Machine Interaction? <ul><li>Fast and information-centered life </li></ul><ul><li>Increasing tendency for getting self-serviced life </li></ul><ul><li>To get the work done with the help of machine </li></ul><ul><li>To get easy and better life with the help of machine </li></ul><ul><li>Requires interaction as natural as possible </li></ul>