Topic Contents

Arthrocentesis for Temporomandibular Disorders

Topic Overview

Arthrocentesis is done by an oral and maxillofacial surgeon, who
uses needles to withdraw fluid from and/or inject fluid or medicine into a
joint space. Arthrocentesis of the
temporomandibular joint is used:

As a diagnostic tool, when there
is a need to analyze joint fluid for signs of disease.

Arthrocentesis seems to work for people who have severe closed
lock of the temporomandibular joint.1

Arthrocentesis is done using
local anesthetic, with or without a
sedative. Injection of fluid into the joint can serve
to:

Wash (lavage) from the joint pain-causing
chemicals created by the
inflammation process.

Reduce painful
pressure or contact between the disc and bone.

Enlarge the joint
space, making it easier to manipulate the joint gently.

At the end of the procedure,
corticosteroids or local anesthetic may be injected
into the joint. This can be particularly helpful in cases of temporomandibular disorder related to
rheumatoid arthritis.

After the procedure, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to control pain. And jaw exercises
are started during recovery.

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