Fund managers in Japan now typically allocate up to 10% of their total expenses on regulatory compliance, according to one of the largest surveys of Japanese fund managers and institutional investors in the alternatives sector by Eurekahedge, the data provider and alternative research firm, and AIMA Japan, the Tokyo-based branch of the Alternative Investment Management Association (AIMA).

The survey of close to 90 firms with around US$375 billion in assets found around half of fund managers allocate between 5% and 9.9% of their total expenditure on meeting regulatory requirements, with a further 16% spending more than 10% of total costs. The findings are consistent with surveys that AIMA has conducted globally.

A little more than half of all respondents said they expect to increase investments in compliance still further by 2020. Roughly half said they found complying with the raft of post-financial crisis regulations to be costly and complex.

Among the raft of post-financial crisis requirements, the new iteration of the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID II), the cornerstone of European securities laws that applies internationally, was cited by 36% of respondents as having the greatest impact currently. Other impactful reforms include the global Basel III requirements (cited by 24%), the changes to the Japanese regulator’s inspection regime (20%) and the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA), the US crackdown on tax evasion (13%).

The survey – which questioned asset managers and allocators based either in Japan or elsewhere in Asia but focused on Japan – also shed new light on asset flows and the evolving fund manager / investor relationship.

Almost three-quarters of investors said they would maintain their allocations to hedge funds and other alternative investments. There was greater interest among investors in newer funds, with 36% saying they would invest within the fund’s first year and a further 39% providing seed funding. Just 8% of investors said they would only allocate to funds with a track record of three years or more.

Among allocators to alternative investment funds, the number one reason for making an initial investment was corporate governance, ahead of track record, longevity and other factors. When asked what would drive additional investments, 59% of investors cited strong performance and 33% referred to lower fees.

Close to 50% of fund managers said that having “skin in the game” – by investing a significant proportion of their own wealth in the fund – remained the main way of aligning interests with investors, while offering customised products to investors, via separately managed accounts or funds of one, was cited by a further 33%.

Among the wide-ranging survey’s other findings, the policies of the Trump administration were perceived to be the most significant geopolitical challenge (cited by 31% of respondents), followed by China’s slowdown and territorial disputes (20%). While 42% believed that a financial crisis of the magnitude of 2008 was unlikely to happen this year, 31% felt its chances could not be dismissed with the remaining 27% indicating a neutral stance.

AIMA Chief Executive Jack Inglis said: “The results of this survey demonstrate that the alternative investment industry in Japan is committed to addressing the operational challenges posed by MiFID II and other new regulations. While we support the investments in compliance that the industry is making, we will of course continue to make the case to regulators that the new requirements be applied proportionally, in order to avoid erecting unnecessarily high barriers to entry for new managers.”

AIMA Japan Chair Ed Rogers added: “The annual AIMA/Eurekahedge survey makes two very interesting points – first, despite all of the negative press about hedge funds and the hedge fund industry, over 70% of respondents say they will not be changing their allocations to alternatives in 2017. Second, there is clearly more comfort to allocate to hedge funds at earlier stages of development, with the number of allocators needing a minimum three-year track record falling from 35% to 8%. Overall, this survey tells us that hedge funds will continue to see inflows from Asian institutional investors in 2017.”

Eurekahedge Head Analyst Mohammad Hassan said: “The annual Eurekahedge/AIMA Japan survey has over the years been one of the most important sources of dedicated insights into key investor preferences among Japanese investors. Survey results for 2017 point towards a cautious investment outlook, a continued pushback on incentive fees, subdued new fund launch activity and concerns over regulatory compliance related costs. While allocation activity is expected to hold largely steady, survey results indicate reshuffling at the portfolio level in favour of Asia-ex-Japan, North American and European mandates with macro, equity long-short and relative value strategies being the most sought after.”

The survey, conducted in April 2017, comprised firms either based in Japan or focused on Japan. Asset managers made up around 80% of the respondents. Their combined assets under management is around US$375 billion.

The Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID) regulates trading venues and intermediaries that provide services to clients around shares, bonds, units in collective investment schemes and derivatives. MiFID II is set to come into effect in January 2018. It goes much further than the original MiFID: it bolsters the transparency standards for venue-traded instruments in the EU (including bonds and swaps), beefs up investor protection standards, implements the G20 mandate on venue trading of swaps, introduces position limits for commodity futures, and broadens the scope of what has to be reported to regulators. Click here for more information on how MiFID II applies to non-EU fund managers.

AIMA, the Alternative Investment Management Association, is the global representative of the alternative investment industry, with more than 1,800 corporate members in over 50 countries. AIMA’s manager members collectively manage more than $1.8 trillion in assets. AIMA draws upon the expertise and diversity of its membership to provide leadership in industry initiatives such as advocacy, policy and regulatory engagement, educational programmes and sound practice guides. AIMA liaises with the media in order to better inform stakeholders about the industry. AIMA is committed to developing skills and education standards and is a co-founder of the Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst designation (CAIA) - first and only specialised educational standard for alternative investment specialists. AIMA is governed by its Council (Board of Directors). For further information, please visit AIMA’s website, www.aima.org.

About Eurekahedge

Launched in 2001, Eurekahedge is the world’s largest independent data provider and alternative research firm specialising in hedge fund databases covering North America, Europe, Asia and Latin America. Headquartered in Singapore with offices in New York and Cebu, the global expertise of our research team constantly adapts to industry changes and needs, allowing Eurekahedge to develop and offer a wide array of products and services. In addition to market-leading hedge fund databases and analysis, Eurekahedge’s other business functions include hedge fund publications, due diligence services, investor services, and an analytical platform service. For more information, please visit http://www.eurekahedge.com