Transgenes in maize genetic resources

Transgene detection in seed banks is generally only important for those crops that are known to have undergone transgenic events, and where transgenic varieties were used in the area of collection or donation. However, transgenic maize has been detected inadvertently in many countries that officially have no transgenic maize.

All germplasm coming into the genebank should receive clearance by seed health laboratories, including the presence of any GMO. The following tests can be carried out for each specific type of potential transgene.

Herbicide bioassay for the presence or absence of the herbicide resistance trait (NK603, GA21, PAT).

ELISA assay for presence or absence and measurement of protein produced from the transgenes (Cry1Ab, Cry3Bb1, CP4ERSPS, Cry1F).

PCR assay for presence or absence of 35 S and NOS- common promoter and terminator of inserted transgenic DNA (for all non regulated GMO genes).