The pain-inflicting collars used to bring dogs to heel are blamed for causing distress in animals but can be bought on the open market for between £10 and £200.

There have been calls for a countrywide ban on the devices for several years, but although Scotland and Wales have now banned them they can still be obtained in England and Northern Ireland.

After Scottish ministers said they intend to ensure electronic training devices will no longer be used to cause pain to animals, there were widespread calls to make the policy nationwide.

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The British Veterinary Association welcomed Edinburgh’s movement, declaring it a win for animal welfare.

Its president John Fishwick said: “With effective bans on the use of these devices in Wales and Scotland, we want to see action taken in England and Northern Ireland, including a UK-wide ban on their sale and import.

“Anyone in need of advice on dealing with pet behaviour issues should always speak to their vet to get advice on how to do it positively and humanely.”

The Kennel Club, Dogs Trust and Blue Cross have all been ardent campaigners against the devices that use aversive training techniques for animals with behavioural problems, pointing to research that says they are harmful.