2 INTRODUCTIONPlease allow me to introduce a short presentation about my applied carbonate seminar. I am offering this seminar on a private basis, to be presented either at your offices or in a nearby facility.This highly-rated seminar will provide the training needed by any geoscientist or engineer involved in carbonate exploration or development geology projects. Each participant will come away from this seminar energized with an enhanced perspective on carbonate sequences, and with new ideas that can be applied in their daily work.I would greatly appreciate it if you could forward this on to those personnel within your company who make decisions regarding training of employees. Thank you very much - Jeff Dravis.

3 CARBONATE RESERVOIRSCarbonate rocks (limestones and dolostones) contain major oiland gas deposits throughout the world:* 33% of N. American Fields* 50% of N. American Giant Fields* ~40% of World’s Giant FieldsDiscovering carbonate plays is predicated on a sound understanding of the key controls that govern their occurrence and distribution, fora given geological period. Seismic is but one part of the equation.In addition, existing carbonate reservoirs can be exploited if oneunderstands the basic play relationships, how these reservoirs areorganized into depositional cycles, and how porosity and permeability relate to depositional facies and cyclicity.

4 PURPOSEThe purpose of this seminar is to introduce participants to established principles of carbonate sedimentology applied to hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation. Hydrocarbon play relationships associated with both shallow- and deep-marine sequences are emphasized, stressing the interrelationship between reservoir, source, seal and trapping mechanism. How one zones a carbonate reservoir to more effectively extract oil and gas is discussed as well.

5 APPROACHThis seminar is taught under the basic premise that to predict orexploit plays, or even interpret seismic data and wells logs incarbonates, one needs a sound understanding of carbonatedepositional systems (facies) and potential pathways for porosity and permeability evolution (diagenesis). One needs experience with the rocks!I have designed a five-day seminar that utilizes a sample-based lecture and exercise format. The seminar includes various rock description/interpretation exercises, a real exploration core problem with a suite of logs, and a stratigraphic-facies correlation exercise. Exercises tied to ten identical rock sets, comprised of samples from around the world, reiterate principles presented in lectures.

6 WHO IS THIS SEMINAR FOR?This seminar is intended for geologists, geophysicists, reservoir engineers and supervisors working or planning to work carbonate sequences. This is an excellent refresher course for those who have been away from carbonate projects for a while. Geologists with siliciclastic backgrounds working mixed carbonate and siliciclastic sequences benefit from this course as well.After this seminar, each participant will be able to describe and classify typical carbonate rocks, interpret facies relationships, delineate stratigraphic sequences and correlate facies within them, evaluate reservoir quality in limestones and dolostones, and better understand subsurface carbonate play relationships.Participants will be better prepared to initiate carbonate projects or evaluate carbonate prospects brought to them.

7 WHY A PRIVATE SEMINAR?There are several benefits to conducting a private version of this seminar in your office, or in a nearby facility:First, it is more cost-effective. More employees can be trained at one time.Second, employees do not have to travel, further minimizing costs.Third, participants are near their offices and can handle more easily any brushfires that arise.Fourth, sensitive play concepts/strategies can be discussed in complete confidentiality.Fifth, teams of professionals (geologist, geophysicist, engineer)can attend the seminar together. This fosters better communication between disciplines and enhances team work and productivity.

9 INSTRUCTOR’S QUALIFICATIONSJeffrey J. Dravis (Ph D) is a technical consultant and instructor in carbonate geology with over 30 years of worldwide industry and field experience in all aspects of applied modern and ancient carbonate geology. This experience includes 8 years with Exxon Production Research Company where he headed up Exxon's worldwide training efforts in carbonates. Since 1987, he has taught 168 basic and advanced applied carbonate seminars. He has completed over 115 technical projects for clients, including reservoir studies in Texas (Paleozoic & Mesozoic), Devonian of W. Canada and Russia, Jurassic and Cretaceous of Gulf of Mexico, and Cretaceous of Tunisia; and exploration studies of the Jurassic Smackover/Haynesville and Cretaceous James Lime, Edwards and Glen Rose Limestones, Devonian/Mississippian of W. Canada, Pennsylvanian of Four Corners region, Mesozoic of western and northern Africa, Permian Khuff of Qatar, and Tertiary off of Nicaragua. See web site for details.

10 CLASSROOM FORMATTypical classroom view showing participants with notebook and rocksets, as they work an exercise following a lecture.

11 TYPICAL LAB EXERCISEParticipants work in groups of two, fostering discussion andsharing experiences. The labs reinforce the formal lectures. This format is more enjoyable and enhances learning.

13 DEMONSTRATION SAMPLESDemonstration samples from all over the world, ranging in age fromHolocene to Cambrian, are used to illustrate typical examplesof carbonate skeletal and non-skeletal grains, texturesand sedimentary structures, porosity types, and evaporites.Participants examine these samples before tackling the formalexercises.

14 CORE DESCRIPTION EXERCISEMuch of the fourth day of the seminar is devoted to a core description exercise that utilizes a suite of cores from a lower Cretaceous reefal and oolitic sequence in S. Texas. Participants discern depositional facies, cycles of sedimentation, and reservoir quality and relate each to log response. They present their results to the group. Each group discusses the plays evident in their core and evaluates the bigger-scale controls for each.

15 LECTURE SYLLABUS - 1 1. DISTINCTIVE ASPECTS OF CARBONATES(Introduction to unique attributes of carbonate facies and controls on their deposition)2. GRAIN TYPES(Non-skeletal and skeletal components of limestones; criteria for their recognition and environmental significance [exercise])3. CARBONATE CLASSIFICATIONS AND SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURES(Review of popular classification schemes; discussion of typical sedimentary textures and structures inherent to carbonates, and their significance for interpreting environmental setting [exercise])

18 LECTURE SYLLABUS - 4 9. LOG AND SEISMIC EXPRESSION OF CARBONATES(Use of wireline logs in delineating carbonate facies and depositional cyclicity; pitfalls in log pattern correlations; seismic expression of carbonate buildups and other facies; pitfalls of seismic interpretation; evaluation of existing carbonate sequence stratigraphic models)10. CORE PROBLEM(A suite of cores allows delegates the opportunity to interpret depositional facies, break out depositional cycles and vertical sequences, tie facies and porosity to cyclicity and log response, and assess regional depositional setting. In Texas, a suite of superb Lower Cretaceous cores are borrowed from the Bureau of Economic Geology in Austin and form the basis for the core problem. A suite of wireline logs is used with these cores. In Calgary, cores from a Devonian sequence can be easily substituted, using the facilities at the A.E.U.B. If the client has a series of cores from a basin of particular interest, these may be used as well)

19 LECTURE SYLLABUS - 5 11. CARBONATE PLAY TYPES(Discussion of a classification scheme relating physiographic setting to geometry of plays; review of reservoir, source, seal and trap relationships for conventional carbonate plays, including platform-margin sands, platform-margin reefs, platform-interior mounds, platform-interior subtidal muds and tidal flats, and downslope mounds; review of unconventional carbonate plays, in particular, foreslope deposits and basinal chalks; review of case studies are discussed for each play type; extensive bibliography)12. USE OF DEPOSITIONAL CYCLICITY TO ZONE CARBONATE RESERVOIRS(Demonstrates how established principles of carbonate depositional cyclicity can be applied to more effective zonation of existing carbonate reservoirs; reviews tangible benefits which result from using this approach, including development of field extensions, wedge-edge prospects, improved well excellence and more effective recompletions)

20 LECTURE SYLLABUS - 6 13. CARBONATE FACIES CORRELATION EXERCISE(Exercise utilizing rock sample sets to reinforce key points discussed during the seminar. In this exercise, delegates are required to interpret facies and vertical sequences based on samples from four wells, develop a map depicting the regional physiographic setting, construct a time-stratigraphic cross section in which time-equivalent facies packages are correlated, and evaluate the merits of potential play relationships based on their cross section. This popular exercise challenges the delegates to apply all the information they have learned during the seminar [exercise])NOTE: Discussions on evaporites and carbonate source rocks are integrated into some of the topics noted above. If desired, separate lectures on these two topics can be provided (see below):EVAPORITES(Controls on evaporite formation and distribution; review of environments of formation and models; depositional and diagenetic fabrics; interrelationships between evaporites and carbonate sequences)CARBONATE SOURCE ROCKS(Discussion of controls on preservation of organic matter in carbonate facies; review of models for predicting carbonate source rock potential; carbonate source rock case studies, including discussion of how various techniques and approaches aided a regional evaluation of hydrocarbon migration distances and pathways)

26 COMMENTS FROM PAST SEMINAR ATTENDEES - 1"This was one of the best 5-day courses I have taken - learned enough about carbonates that I could start a carbonate project and know where to look for help and what type of preparation I need, and that should help the company.”“Instructor was very knowledgeable and though-provoking. He appeared thoroughly competent in all aspects of carbonate geology, and possessed a very likable personality and temperament. Works very well with people.""It (this seminar) will help me as a development geologist to interject regional concepts into my interpretation."Quality of Instruction: "Excellent. Speaker was very articulate, open to questions and made an effort to walk around, ask questions and give advice during exercises.""The core and laboratory exercises were based on real exploration examples and were very effective.”"This course is especially useful for the siliciclastic-background geologist who is starting out in carbonates."

27 COMMENTS FROM PAST SEMINAR ATTENDEES - 2"Considering that I have never had any training in carbonates..., the course was very well run and organized and I learned a good deal about the subject matter.""Good all around course directed at petroleum problems and objectives. A good mixture of classical theory, case studies, new findings and practical applications."" Overall, I really enjoyed the class and gained a great deal from it. I will strongly recommend this course to other engineers.""It is obvious that Jeff has taught this course many times - excellent command of material and direction for the course. One of the best courses I've attended.""Enjoyed material and became excited about learning again by your relaxed and excellent teaching style.""Jeff Dravis has put together the best geologically-oriented course I have taken in my seven years with Conoco. Five stars!"

28 COMMENTS FROM PAST SEMINAR ATTENDEES - 3“Having very limited background in carbonates, I now have a solid foundation upon which I can better communicate with geologists in my group.”“The class shows how previous models may have overlooked potential reservoirs. We might be able to re-evaluate our areas and find new reserves.”“I work very closely with geologists and geophysicists. When reviewing plays, wells, cores, samples (drilling), this course will definitively help me interact with them much better.”“Authoritative, well-paced and clear instruction with clear, logical flow and good balance between theory and practical exercises.”

29 COSTS - TEXAS SEMINARA flat fee of $18, 900 USD is charged for this seminar when it is presented in Houston or elsewhere within the State of Texas. The maximum number of participants is limited to 20. This fee includes: the course manual (700+ pages, keyed to lectures; with color viewgraphs [notebooks cost ~$225 each to reproduce]); all handouts; CD with color images of samples (rocks and thin sections) utilized in exercises; instructor’s time for preparation (2+ days); time for teaching (5 days); and any instructor’s travel and lodging expenses. Client is expected to provide a suitable room for lectures, and a room for the core exercise (4th day), as well as beverage/coffee service each day. This fee also covers charges for rental and shipping of cores (40 boxes+) from the Bureau of Economic Geology in Austin, Texas. Full teaching fee ($18, 900) is payable 15 days before the start of the seminar.For a seminar with 15 people, the per person cost is well below what a comparable public seminar would cost, and saves on travel and lodging costs.

30 COSTS - OUTSIDE OF TEXASFor seminars presented outside of Houston or in Canada, the seminar fee remains the same. For seminars presented at other international locations, the fees are negotiable and will be somewhat higher. In areas outside of Texas, clients usually must substitute other cores for a core exercise (and assume costs), or fill the time with additional lectures of their choice. This time can be used to review the client’s carbonate projects or play prospects. Clients outside of Houston agree to reimburse expenses associated with shipping of notebooks, handouts, and other exercise materials (rock sets, photo books, etc.). Clients outside of Houston also agree to reimburse instructor for reasonable travel (business class for flights longer than 4 hours), and food and lodging expenses.

31 SCHEDULING OF SEMINARLess than a one-month lead time is usually required to organize and prepare for an in-house seminar, if it is presented in Texas. Such a time framework also is contingent upon the instructor’s technical consulting load at the time, and the cores being available for rental from the Bureau of Economic Geology in Austin.For seminars held internationally, a one- to two-month lead time is normally required, but this varies depending on the country.Note that this seminar can be tailored to fit your needs and time framework. Two or more companies may consider a combined sponsorship of this seminar for their employees.If you have any questions, please contact Jeff Dravis at (713) or by atThank you for your time (July, 2009)