This is a compilation of the Defence and Strategic Goods List that shows the text of the law as amended and in force on 8 April 2015 (the compilation date).

This compilation was prepared on 9 April 2015.

The notes at the end of this compilation (the endnotes) include information about amending laws and the amendment history of provisions of the compiled law.

Uncommenced amendments

The effect of uncommenced amendments is not shown in the text of the compiled law. Any uncommenced amendments affecting the law are accessible on ComLaw (www.comlaw.gov.au). The details of amendments made up to, but not commenced at, the compilation date are underlined in the endnotes. For more information on any uncommenced amendments, see the series page on ComLaw for the compiled law.

Application, saving and transitional provisions for provisions and amendments

If the operation of a provision or amendment of the compiled law is affected by an application, saving or transitional provision that is not included in this compilation, details are included in the endnotes.

Modifications

If the compiled law is modified by another law, the compiled law operates as modified but the modification does not amend the text of the law. Accordingly, this compilation does not show the text of the compiled law as modified. For more information on any modifications, see the series page on ComLaw for the compiled law.

Self‑repealing provisions

If a provision of the compiled law has been repealed in accordance with a provision of the law, details are included in the endnotes.

Goods and technology included in the list may not be exported or supplied from Australia unless a licence or permission has been granted by the Minister or an authorised delegate of the Minister. Brokering of items on the list is also a regulated activity for which a permit must be obtained.

Licences or permissions authorising the exportation of prohibited goods and technology must be produced to a Collector of Customs before exportation: regulation 13E of the Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulations 1958.

Permits authorising the supply of intangible technology and the brokering of listed items are given in accordance with the provisions of the Defence Trade Controls Act 2012.

The DSGL was first published in 1996 when the Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulations 1958 were consolidated and revised as a result of an Australian National Audit Office review of the Defence export control activity.

The DSGL includes equipment, assemblies and components, associated test, inspection and production equipment, materials, software and technology and is divided into two parts.

PART 1 covers defence and related goods — those goods and technologies designed or adapted for use by armed forces or goods that are inherently lethal. These goods include:

·Military Goods — those goods or technology that is designed or adapted for military purposes including parts and accessories thereof.

·Non Military Lethal Goods (NMLG) — that equipment that is inherently lethal, incapacitating or destructive such as non‑military firearms, non‑military ammunition and commercial explosives and initiators.

PART 2 covers those goods that have a dual use. Dual‑use goods comprise equipment and technologies developed to meet commercial needs but which may be used either as military components or for the development or production of military systems or weapons of mass destruction. This part is further subdivided into and is made up of the following 10 categories:

·Category 0 — Nuclear Materials;

·Category 1 — Materials, Chemicals, Microorganisms and Toxins;

·Category 2 — Materials Processing;

·Category 3 — Electronics;

·Category 4 — Computers;

·Category 5 — Telecommunications and Information Security;

·Category 6 — Sensors and Lasers;

·Category 7 — Navigation and Avionics;

·Category 8 — Marine;

·Category 9 — Aerospace and Propulsion.

The DSGL is amended from time to time to reflect changes in the various multilateral non‑proliferation and export control regimes of which Australia is a member.

1. The Notes, Technical Notes and Nota Bene (N.B.) appearing in the Defence and Strategic Goods List form an integral part of the control text.

2. The index at the end of the Defence and Strategic Goods List is provided for guidance only and does not form part ofthe control text.

3. The object of the controls contained in the Defence and Strategic Goods List should not be defeated by the export of any non‑controlled goods (including plant) containing one or more controlled components when the controlled component or components are the principal element of the goods and can feasibly be removed or used for other purposes.

N.B.: In judging whether the controlled component or components are to be considered the principal element, it is necessary to weigh the factors of quantity, value and technological know‑how involved and other special circumstances which might establish the controlled component or components as the principal element of the goods being procured.

4. Goods specified in the Defence and Strategic Goods List include both new and used goods.

5. Terms in “quotations” are defined terms. Refer to the “Definitions of Terms” section of the Defence and Strategic Goods List. Words and terms appearing under “Definitions of Terms”, if used in their undefined forms, take their common or dictionary meanings.

Absence of items from the Munitions List and absence of configuration for military use would mean that an aircraft would not be considered military.

PART 2 — DUAL‑USE GOODS AND TECHNOLOGIES

General Technology Note

The transfer of “technology” according to the General Technology Note, for “production” or “development” of items on this list shall be treated with vigilance.

General Technology Note

Controls on intangible “technology” are to be exercised as far as the scope of legislation† will allow.

General Software Note

The transfer of “software”, for “production” or “development” of items on this list shall be treated with vigilance.

Source Code

Taking into account national practices and legislation†, Participating States agree that “source code” items are controlled either by “software” or by “software” and “technology” controls, except when such “source code” items are explicitly decontrolled.

Medical equipment

Equipment specially designed for medical end‑use that incorporates an item controlled in the Dual‑Use List is not controlled.

Category 9

“Development” or “production” “technology” controlled by 9E for gas turbine engines remains controlled when the “technology” is used for repair, rebuild and overhaul. Excluded from control are: technical data, drawings or documentation for maintenance activities directly associated with calibration, removal or replacement of damaged or unserviceable line replaceable units, including replacement of whole engines or engine modules.

The DTC Act asserts controls over the supply of intangible “technology” to prevent unauthorised supplies from Australia. Controls on the brokering of intangible “technology” are also provided by this legislation.

The Weapons of Mass Destruction (Prevention of Proliferation) Act 1995 captures the supply of intangible technology and the provision of services in circumstances where the technology will or may be used in, or the services will or may assist a Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) program.

A WMD program means a plan or program for the development, production, acquisition or stockpiling of nuclear, biological or chemical weapons or missiles capable of delivering such weapons.

The provision of services includes doing anything that confers a benefit on, grants a right or privilege to, provides a facility for, or otherwise assists, someone.

Definitions of terms between ‘single quotation marks’ are given in a Technical Note to the relevant item.

Definitions of terms between “double quotation marks” are as follows:

Note: Category references are given in brackets after the defined term.

“Accuracy” (2 6), usually measured in terms of inaccuracy, means the maximum deviation, positive or negative, of an indicated value from an accepted standard or true value.

“Active flight control systems” (7) are systems that function to prevent undesirable “aircraft” and missile motions or structural loads by autonomously processing outputs from multiple sensors and then providing necessary preventive commands to effect automatic control.

“Active pixel” (6 8) is a minimum (single) element of the solid state array which has a photoelectric transfer function when exposed to light (electromagnetic) radiation.

“Adapted for use in war” (1 ML7) means any modification or selection (such as altering purity, shelf life, virulence, dissemination characteristics, or resistance to UV radiation) designed to increase the effectiveness in producing casualties in humans or animals, degrading equipment or damaging crops or the environment.

“Adjusted Peak Performance” (4) is an adjusted peak rate at which “digital computers” perform 64‑bit or larger floating point additions and multiplications, and is expressed in Weighted TeraFLOPS (WT) with units of 1012 adjusted floating point operations per second.

Note: See Category 4, Technical Note.

“Additives” (ML8) means substances used in explosive formulations to improve their properties.

“Automated Command and Control Systems” (ML11) means electronic systems, through which information essential to the effective operation of the grouping, major formation, tactical formation, unit, ship, subunit or weapons under command is entered, processed and transmitted. This is achieved by the use of computer and other specialised hardware designed to support the functions of a military command and control organisation. The main functions of an automated command and control system are: the efficient automated collection, accumulation, storage and processing of information; the display of the situation and the circumstances affecting the preparation and conduct of combat operations; operational and tactical calculations for the allocation of resources among force groupings or elements of the operational order of battle or battle deployment according to the mission or stage of the operation; the preparation of data for appreciation of the situation and decision‑making at any point during operation or battle; computer simulation of operations.

“Automatic target tracking” (6) means a processing technique that automatically determines and provides as output an extrapolated value of the most probable position of the target in real time.

“Average output power” (6) means the total “laser” output energy in joules divided by the “laser duration” in seconds.

“Basic gate propagation delay time” (3) means the propagation delay time value corresponding to the basic gate used in a “monolithic integrated circuit”. For a ‘family’ of “monolithic integrated circuits”, this may be specified either as the propagation delay time per typical gate within the given ‘family’ or as the typical propagation delay time per gate within the given ‘family’.

Note 1: “Basic gate propagation delay time” is not to be confused with the input/output delay time of a complex “monolithic integrated circuit”.

Note 2: ‘Family’ consists of all integrated circuits to which all of the following are applied as their manufacturing methodology and specifications except their respective functions:

a. The common hardware and software architecture;

b. The common design and process technology; and

c. The common basic characteristics.

“Basic scientific research” (GTN NTN ML22) means experimental or theoretical work undertaken principally to acquire new knowledge of the fundamental principles of phenomena or observable facts, not primarily directed towards a specific practical aim or objective.

“Bias” (accelerometer) (7) means the average over a specified time of accelerometer output measured at specified operating conditions that has no correlation with input acceleration or rotation. “Bias” is expressed in g or in metres per second squared (g or m/s2). (IEEE STD 528‑2001) (Micro g equals 1x10‑6 g).

“Bias” (gyro) (7) means the average over a specified time of gyro output measured at specified operating conditions that has no correlation with input rotation or acceleration. “Bias” is typically expressed in degrees per hour (deg/hr). (IEEE STD 528‑2001).

“Biocatalysts “(ML7 ML22) means enzymes for specific chemical or biochemical reactions or other biological compounds which bind to and accelerate the degradation of CW agents.

“Camming” (2) means axial displacement in one revolution of the main spindle measured in a plane perpendicular to the spindle faceplate, at a point next to the circumference of the spindle faceplate (Reference: ISO 230/1 1986, paragraph 5.63).

“Carbon fibre preforms” (1) means an ordered arrangement of uncoated or coated fibres intended to constitute a framework of a part before the “matrix” is introduced to form a “composite”.

“CE” (4) is equivalent to “computing element”.

“CEP” (circle of equal probability) (7) is a measure of accuracy; the radius of the circle centred at the target, at a specific range, in which 50% of the payloads impact.

“Chemical laser” (6) means a “laser” in which the excited species is produced by the output energy from a chemical reaction.

“Chemical mixture” (1) means a solid, liquid or gaseous product made up of two or more components which do not react together under the conditions under which the mixture is stored.

“Circulation‑controlled anti‑torque or circulation controlled direction control systems” (7) are systems that use air blown over aerodynamic surfaces to increase or control the forces generated by the surfaces.

“Civil aircraft” (1 7 9 ML10) means those “aircraft” listed by designation in published airworthiness certification lists by the civil aviation authorities to fly commercial civil internal and external routes or for legitimate civil, private or business use.

Note: See also “aircraft”.

“Commingled” (1) means filament to filament blending of thermoplastic fibres and reinforcement fibres in order to produce a fibre reinforcement “matrix” mix in total fibre form.

“Comminution” (1) means a process to reduce a material to particles by crushing or grinding.

“Common channel signalling” (5) is a signalling method in which a single channel between exchanges conveys, by means of labelled messages, signalling information relating to a multiplicity of circuits or calls and other information such as that used for network management.

“Communications channel controller” (4) means the physical interface which controls the flow of synchronous or asynchronous digital information. It is an assembly that can be integrated into computer or telecommunications equipment to provide communications access.

“Compensation systems” (6) consist of the primary scalar sensor, one or more reference sensors (e.g., vector magnetometers) together with software that permit reduction of rigid body rotation noise of the platform.

“Composite” (1 2 6 8 9) means a “matrix” and an additional phase or additional phases consisting of particles, whiskers, fibres or any combination thereof, present for a specific purpose or purposes.

“Compound rotary table” (2) means a table allowing the workpiece to rotate and tilt about two non‑parallel axes, which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”.

“Contouring control” (2) means two or more “numerically controlled” motions operating in accordance with instructions that specify the next required position and the required feed rates to that position. These feed rates are varied in relation to each other so that a desired contour is generated (ref. ISO/DIS 2806 ‑ 1980).

“Critical temperature” (1 3 6) (sometimes referred to as the transition temperature) of a specific “superconductive” material means the temperature at which the material loses all resistance to the flow of direct electrical current.

“Cryptographic activation” (5) means any technique that activates or enables cryptographic capability, via a secure mechanism that is implemented by the manufacturer of the item and is uniquely bound to the item or customer for which the cryptographic capability is being activated or enabled (e.g., a serial number‑based licence key or an authentication instrument such as a digitally signed certificate).

Technical Note:

″Cryptographic activation″ techniques and mechanisms may be implemented as hardware, ″software″ or ″technology″.

“Cryptography” (5) means the discipline which embodies principles, means and methods for the transformation of data in order to hide its information content, prevent its undetected modification or prevent its unauthorised use. “Cryptography” is limited to the transformation of information using one or more ‘secret parameters’ (e.g., crypto variables) or associated key management.

Note: “Cryptography” does not include fixed data compression or coding techniques.

Technical Note:

‘Secret parameter’: a constant or key kept from the knowledge of others or shared only within a group.

a. A single continuous optical reflecting surface which is dynamically deformed by the application of individual torques or forces to compensate for distortions in the optical waveform incident upon the mirror; or

b. Multiple optical reflecting elements that can be individually and dynamically repositioned by the application of torques or forces to compensate for distortions in the optical waveform incident upon the mirror.

“Diffusion bonding” (1 2 9) means a solid state molecular joining of at least two separate metals into a single piece with a joint strength equivalent to that of the weakest material, wherein the principal mechanism is interdiffusion of atoms across the interface.

“Digital computer” (4 5) means equipment which can, in the form of one or more discrete variables, perform all of the following:

“Electronically steerable phased array antenna” (5 6) means an antenna which forms a beam by means of phase coupling, (i.e., the beam direction is controlled by the complex excitation coefficients of the radiating elements) and the direction of that beam can be varied (both in transmission and reception) in azimuth or in elevation, or both, by application of an electrical signal.

“End‑effectors” (2 ML17) means grippers, ‘active tooling units’ and any other tooling that is attached to the baseplate on the end of a “robot” manipulator arm.

“Equivalent Density” (6) means the mass of an optic per unit optical area projected onto the optical surface.

“Explosives” (ML8 ML18 ML909) mean solid, liquid or gaseous substances or mixtures of substances which, in their application as primary, booster, or main charges in warheads, demolition and other applications, are required to detonate.

“Fault tolerance” (4) is the capability of a computer system, after any malfunction of any of its hardware or “software” components, to continue to operate without human intervention, at a given level of service that provides: continuity of operation, data integrity and recovery of service within a given time.

“Fibrous or filamentary materials” (0 1 2 8) include:

a. Continuous “monofilaments”;

b. Continuous “yarns” and “rovings”;

c. “Tapes”, fabrics, random mats and braids;

d. Chopped fibres, staple fibres and coherent fibre blankets;

e. Whiskers, either monocrystalline or polycrystalline, of any length;

f. Aromatic polyamide pulp.

“Film type integrated circuit” (3) means an array of ‘circuit elements’ and metallic interconnections formed by deposition of a thick or thin film on an insulating “substrate”.

Note: ‘Circuit element’ is a single active or passive functional part of an electronic circuit, such as one diode, one transistor, one resistor, one capacitor, etc.

“Fixed” (5) means that the coding or compression algorithm cannot accept externally supplied parameters (e.g., cryptographic or key variables) and cannot be modified by the user.

“Flight control optical sensor array” (7) is a network of distributed optical sensors, using “laser” beams, to provide real‑time flight control data for on‑board processing.

“Flight path optimisation” (7) is a procedure that minimises deviations from a four‑dimensional (space and time) desired trajectory based on maximising performance or effectiveness for mission tasks.

“Focal plane array” (6) means a linear or two‑dimensional planar layer, or combination of planar layers, of individual detector elements, with or without readout electronics, which work in the focal plane.

Note: This definition does not include a stack of single detector elements or any two, three or four element detectors provided time delay and integration is not performed within the element.

“Fractional bandwidth” (3) means the “instantaneous bandwidth” divided by the centre frequency, expressed as a percentage.

“Frequency hopping” (5) means a form of “spread spectrum” in which the transmission frequency of a single communication channel is made to change by a random or pseudo‑random sequence of discrete steps.

“Frequency mask trigger” (3), for “signal analysers”, means a mechanism where the trigger function is able to select a frequency range to be triggered on as a subset of the acquisition bandwidth while ignoring other signals that may also be present within the same acquisition bandwidth. A “frequency mask trigger” may contain more than one independent set of limits.

“Frequency switching time” (3) means the time (i.e., delay) taken by a signal when switched from an initial specified output frequency, to arrive at or within ±0.05% of a final specified output frequency. Items having a specified frequency range of less than ±0.05% around their centre frequency are defined to be incapable of frequency switching.

“Frequency synthesiser” (3) means any kind of frequency source or signal generator, regardless of the actual technique used, providing a multiplicity of simultaneous or alternative output frequencies, from one or more outputs, controlled by, derived from or disciplined by a lesser number of standard (or master) frequencies.

“Full Authority Digital Engine Control” (“FADEC”) (7 9) means an electronic control system for gas turbine or combined cycle engines utilising a digital computer to control the variables required to regulate engine thrust or shaft power output throughout the engine operating range from the beginning of fuel metering to fuel shutoff.

“Fusible” (1) means capable of being cross‑linked or polymerised further (cured) by the use of heat, radiation, catalysts, etc., or that can be melted without pyrolysis (charring).

“Gas Atomisation” (1) means a process to reduce a molten stream of metal alloy to droplets of 500 µm diameter or less by a high pressure gas stream.

“Geographically dispersed” (6) is where each location is distant from any other more than 1,500 m in any direction. Mobile sensors are always considered “geographically dispersed”.

“Guidance set” (7) means systems that integrate the process of measuring and computing a vehicle’s position and velocity (i.e. navigation) with that of computing and sending commands to the vehicle’s flight control systems to correct the trajectory.

“Hot isostatic densification” (2) means the process of pressurising a casting at temperatures exceeding 375 K (102°C) in a closed cavity through various media (gas, liquid, solid particles, etc.) to create equal force in all directions to reduce or eliminate internal voids in the casting.

“Hybrid computer” (4) means equipment which can perform all of the following:

a. Accept data;

b. Process data, in both analogue and digital representations; and

c. Provide output of data.

“Hybrid integrated circuit” (3) means any combination of integrated circuit(s), or integrated circuit with ‘circuit elements’ or ‘discrete components’ connected together to perform (a) specific function(s), and having all of the following characteristics:

a. Containing at least one unencapsulated device;

b. Connected together using typical IC production methods;

c. Replaceable as an entity; and

d. Not normally capable of being disassembled.

Note 1: ‘Circuit element’: a single active or passive functional part of an electronic circuit, such as one diode, one transistor, one resistor, one capacitor, etc.

“Image enhancement” (4) means the processing of externally derived information‑bearing images by algorithms such as time compression, filtering, extraction, selection, correlation, convolution or transformations between domains (e.g., fast Fourier transform or Walsh transform). This does not include algorithms using only linear or rotational transformation of a single image, such as translation, feature extraction, registration or false coloration.

“Immunotoxin” (1) is a conjugate of one cell specific monoclonal antibody and a “toxin” or “sub‑unit of toxin”, that selectively affects diseased cells.

“In the public domain” (GTN NTN GSN ML22), as it applies herein, means “technology” or “software” which has been made available without restrictions upon its further dissemination (copyright restrictions do not remove “technology” or “software” from being “in the public domain”).

“Information security” (4 5) is all the means and functions ensuring the accessibility, confidentiality or integrity of information or communications, excluding the means and functions intended to safeguard against malfunctions. This includes “cryptography”, ‘cryptanalysis’, protection against compromising emanations and computer security.

Note: ‘Cryptanalysis’ is the analysis of a cryptographic system or its inputs and outputs to derive confidential variables or sensitive data, including clear text.

“Instantaneous bandwidth” (3 5 7) means the bandwidth over which output power remains constant within 3 dB without adjustment of other operating parameters.

“Insulation” (9) is applied to the components of a rocket motor, i.e. the case, nozzle, inlets, case closures, and includes cured or semi‑cured compounded rubber sheet stock containing an insulating or refractory material. It may also be incorporated as stress relief boots or flaps.

“Interconnected radar sensors” (6) means two or more radar sensors are interconnected when they mutually exchange data in real time.

“Interior lining” (9) is suited for the bond interface between the solid propellant and the case or insulating liner. Usually a liquid polymer based dispersion of refractory or insulating materials, e.g. carbon filled hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) or other polymer with added curing agents sprayed or screeded over a case interior.

“Intrinsic Magnetic Gradiometer” (6) is a single magnetic field gradient sensing element and associated electronics the output of which is a measure of magnetic field gradient.

Note: See also “magnetic gradiometer”.

“Intrusion software” (4) “Software” specially designed or modified to avoid detection by ‘monitoring tools’, or to defeat ‘protective countermeasures’, of a computer or network‑capable device, and performing any of the following:

a. The extraction of data or information, from a computer or network‑capable device, or the modification of system or user data; or

b. The modification of the standard execution path of a program or process in order to allow the execution of externally provided instructions.

“Isolated live cultures” (1) includes live cultures in dormant form and in dried preparations.

“Isostatic presses” (2) mean equipment capable of pressurising a closed cavity through various media (gas, liquid, solid particles, etc.) to create equal pressure in all directions within the cavity upon a workpiece or material.

“Laser” (0 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 ML5 ML9 ML19) is an assembly of components which produce both spatially and temporally coherent light that is amplified by stimulated emission of radiation.

Note: See also: “Chemical laser”;

“Q‑switched laser”;

“Super High Power Laser”;

“Transfer laser”.

“Laser duration” (6) means the time over which a “laser” emits “laser” radiation, which for “pulsed lasers” corresponds to the time over which a single pulse or series of consecutive pulses is emitted.

“Lighter‑than‑air vehicles” (ML10) mean balloons and airships that rely on hot air or on lighter‑than‑air gases such as helium or hydrogen for their lift.

“Linearity” (2) (usually measured in terms of non‑linearity) means the maximum deviation of the actual characteristic (average of upscale and downscale readings), positive or negative, from a straight line so positioned as to equalise and minimise the maximum deviations.

“Local area network” (4) is a data communication system having all of the following characteristics:

a. Allows an arbitrary number of independent ‘data devices’ to communicate directly with each other; and

b. Is confined to a geographical area of moderate size (e.g., office building, plant, campus, warehouse).

“Magnetic Gradiometers” (6) are instruments designed to detect the spatial variation of magnetic fields from sources external to the instrument. They consist of multiple “magnetometers” and associated electronics the output of which is a measure of magnetic field gradient.

Note: See also “intrinsic magnetic gradiometer”.

“Magnetometers” (6) are instruments designed to detect magnetic fields from sources external to the instrument. They consist of a single magnetic field sensing element and associated electronics the output of which is a measure of the magnetic field.

“Main storage” (4) means the primary storage for data or instructions for rapid access by a central processing unit. It consists of the internal storage of a “digital computer” and any hierarchical extension thereto, such as cache storage or non‑sequentially accessed extended storage.

“Measurement uncertainty” (2) is the characteristic parameter which specifies in what range around the output value the correct value of the measurable variable lies with a confidence level of 95 %. It includes the uncorrected systematic deviations, the uncorrected backlash and the random deviations (Reference: ISO 10360‑2).

“Mechanical Alloying” (1) means an alloying process resulting from the bonding, fracturing and rebonding of elemental and master alloy powders by mechanical impact. Non‑metallic particles may be incorporated in the alloy by addition of the appropriate powders.

“Melt Extraction” (1) means a process to ‘solidify rapidly’ and extract a ribbon‑like alloy product by the insertion of a short segment of a rotating chilled block into a bath of a molten metal alloy.

“Microprocessor microcircuit” (3) means a “monolithic integrated circuit” or “multichip integrated circuit” containing an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) capable of executing a series of general purpose instructions from an external storage.

Note 1: The “microprocessor microcircuit” normally does not contain integral user‑accessible storage, although storage present on‑the‑chip may be used in performing its logic function.

Note 2: This includes chip sets which are designed to operate together to provide the function of a “microprocessor microcircuit”.

“Microprogramme” means a sequence of elementary instructions maintained in a special storage, the execution of which is initiated by the introduction of its reference instruction register.

“Microorganisms” (1 2) means bacteria, viruses, mycoplasms, rickettsiae, chlamydiae or fungi, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of isolated live cultures or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures.

“Monofilament” (1) or filament is the smallest increment of fibre, usually several micrometres in diameter.

“Monolithic integrated circuit” (3) means a combination of passive or active ‘circuit elements’ or both which:

a. Are formed by means of diffusion processes, implantation processes or deposition processes in or on a single semiconducting piece of material, a so‑called ‘chip’;

b. Can be considered as indivisibly associated; and

c. Perform the function(s) of a circuit.

Note: ‘Circuit element’ is a single active or passive functional part of an electronic circuit, such as one diode, one transistor, one resistor, one capacitor, etc.

“Monospectral imaging sensors” (6) are capable of acquisition of imaging data from one discrete spectral band.

“Multichip integrated circuit” (3) means two or more “monolithic integrated circuits” bonded to a common “substrate”.

“Multispectral imaging sensors” (6) are capable of simultaneous or serial acquisition of imaging data from two or more discrete spectral bands. Sensors having more than twenty discrete spectral bands are sometimes referred to as hyperspectral imaging sensors.

“Network access controller” (4) means a physical interface to a distributed switching network. It uses a common medium which operates throughout at the same “digital transfer rate” using arbitration (e.g., token or carrier sense) for transmission. Independently from any other, it selects data packets or data groups (e.g., IEEE 802) addressed to it. It is an assembly that can be integrated into computer or telecommunications equipment to provide communications access.

“Neural computer” (4) means a computational device designed or modified to mimic the behaviour of a neuron or a collection of neurons, i.e., a computational device which is distinguished by its hardware capability to modulate the weights and numbers of the interconnections of a multiplicity of computational components based on previous data.

“Nuclear reactor” (0 ML17) means the items within or attached directly to the reactor vessel, the equipment which controls the level of power in the core, and the components which normally contain, come into direct contact with or control the primary coolant of the reactor core.

“Numerical control” (2) means the automatic control of a process performed by a device that makes use of numeric data usually introduced as the operation is in progress (ref. ISO 2382).

“Object code” (GSN) means an equipment executable form of a convenient expression of one or more processes (“source code” (source language)) which has been converted by programming system.

“Optical amplification” (5), in optical communications, means an amplification technique that introduces a gain of optical signals that have been generated by a separate optical source, without conversion to electrical signals, i.e., using semiconductor optical amplifiers, optical fibre luminescent amplifiers.

“Optical computer” (4) means a computer designed or modified to use light to represent data and whose computational logic elements are based on directly coupled optical devices.

“Optical integrated circuit” (3) means a “monolithic integrated circuit” or a “hybrid integrated circuit”, containing one or more parts designed to function as a photosensor or photoemitter or to perform (an) optical or (an) electro‑optical function(s).

“Optical switching” (5) means the routing of or switching of signals in optical form without conversion to electrical signals.

“Overall current density” (3) means the total number of ampere‑turns in the coil (i.e., the sum of the number of turns multiplied by the maximum current carried by each turn) divided by the total cross‑section of the coil (comprising the superconducting filaments, the metallic matrix in which the superconducting filaments are embedded, the encapsulating material, any cooling channels, etc.).

“Peak power” (6), means the highest level of power attained in the “laser duration”.

“Personal area network” (5) means a data communication system having all of the following characteristics:

a. Allows an arbitrary number of independent or interconnected ‘data devices’ to communicate directly with each other; and

b. Is confined to the communication between devices within the immediate vicinity of an individual person or device controller (e.g., single room, office, or automobile, and their nearby surrounding spaces).

“Principal element” (4), as it applies in Category 4, is a “principal element” when its replacement value is more than 35% of the total value of the system of which it is an element. Element value is the price paid for the element by the manufacturer of the system, or by the system integrator. Total value is the normal international selling price to unrelated parties at the point of manufacture or consolidation of shipment.

“Production equipment” (1 7 9) means tooling, templates, jigs, mandrels, moulds, dies, fixtures, alignment mechanisms, test equipment, other machinery and components therefor, limited to those specially designed or modified for “development” or for one or more phases of “production”.

“Production facilities” (7 9) means equipment and specially designed software therefor integrated into installations for “development” or for one or more phases of “production”.

“Program(s)” (2 4 5 6) means a sequence of instructions to carry out a process in, or convertible into, a form executable by an electronic computer.

“Propellants” (ML8) Substances or mixtures that react chemically to produce large volumes of hot gases at controlled rates to perform mechanical work.

“Pulse compression” (6) means the coding and processing of a radar signal pulse of long time duration to one of short time duration, while maintaining the benefits of high pulse energy.

“Pulse duration” (6) is the duration of a “laser” pulse measured at Full Width Half Intensity (FWHI) levels.

“Pulsed laser” (6) means a “laser” having a “pulse duration” that is less than or equal to 0.25 seconds.

“Pyrotechnic(s)” (ML4 ML8 ML909) means mixtures of solid or liquid fuels and oxidisers which, when ignited, undergo an energetic chemical reaction at a controlled rate intended to produce specific time delays, or quantities of heat, noise, smoke, visible light or infrared radiation. Pyrophorics are a subclass of pyrotechnics, which contain no oxidisers but ignite spontaneously on contact with air.

“Quantum cryptography” (5) means a family of techniques for the establishment of a shared key for “cryptography” by measuring the quantum‑mechanical properties of a physical system (including those physical properties explicitly governed by quantum optics, quantum field theory, or quantum electrodynamics).

“Q‑switched laser” (6) means a “laser” in which the energy is stored in the population inversion or in the optical resonator and subsequently emitted in a pulse.

“Radar frequency agility” (6) means any technique which changes, in a pseudo‑random sequence, the carrier frequency of a pulsed radar transmitter between pulses or between groups of pulses by an amount equal to or larger than the pulse bandwidth.

“Radar spread spectrum” (6) means any modulation technique for spreading energy originating from a signal with a relatively narrow frequency band, over a much wider band of frequencies, by using random or pseudo‑random coding.

QE is usually expressed as a percentage; however, for the purposes of this formula QE is expressed as a decimal number less than one, e.g., 78% is 0.78.

“Real‑time bandwidth” (3) for “signal analysers” is the widest frequency range for which the analyser can continuously transform time‑domain data entirely into frequency‑domain results, using a Fourier or other discrete time transform that processes every incoming time point without gaps or windowing effects that causes a reduction of measured amplitude of more than 3 dB below the actual signal amplitude, while outputting or displaying the transformed data.

“Real time processing” (6 7) means the processing of data by a computer system providing a required level of service, as a function of available resources, within a guaranteed response time, regardless of the load of the system, when stimulated by an external event.

“Repeatability” (7) means the closeness of agreement among repeated measurements of the same variable under the same operating conditions when changes in conditions or non‑operating periods occur between measurements. (Reference: IEEE STD 528‑2001 (one sigma standard deviation)).

“Required” (GTN 1 9 ML22), as applied to “technology”, refers to only that portion of “technology” which is peculiarly responsible for achieving or extending the controlled performance levels, characteristics or functions. Such “required” “technology” may be shared by different goods.

“Riot control agents” (ML7) mean substances which, under the expected conditions of use for riot control purposes, rapidly produce in humans sensory irritation or disabling physical effects which disappear within a short time following termination of exposure. (Tear gases are a subset of “riot control agents”.)

Technical Note:

Tear gases are a subset of “riot control agents”.

“Robot” (2 8 ML17) means a manipulation mechanism, which may be of the continuous path or of the point‑to‑point variety, may use sensors, and has all the following characteristics:

a. Is multifunctional;

b. Is capable of positioning or orienting material, parts, tools or special devices through variable movements in three dimensional space;

c. Incorporates three or more closed or open loop servo‑devices which may include stepping motors; and

d. Has “user‑accessible programmability” by means of teach/playback method or by means of an electronic computer which may be a programmable logic controller, i.e., without mechanical intervention.

Note: The above definition does not include the following devices:

1. Manipulation mechanisms which are only manually / teleoperator controllable;

2. Fixed sequence manipulation mechanisms which are automated moving devices, operating according to mechanically fixed programmed motions. The program is mechanically limited by fixed stops, such as pins or cams. The sequence of motions and the selection of paths or angles are not variable or changeable by mechanical, electronic or electrical means;

3. Mechanically controlled variable sequence manipulation mechanisms which are automated moving devices, operating according to mechanically fixed programmed motions. The program is mechanically limited by fixed, but adjustable stops, such as pins or cams. The sequence of motions and the selection of paths or angles are variable within the fixed program pattern. Variations or modifications of the program pattern (e.g., changes of pins or exchanges of cams) in one or more motion axes are accomplished only through mechanical operations;

4. Non‑servo‑controlled variable sequence manipulation mechanisms which are automated moving devices, operating according to mechanically fixed programmed motions. The program is variable but the sequence proceeds only by the binary signal from mechanically fixed electrical binary devices or adjustable stops;

5. Stacker cranes defined as Cartesian coordinate manipulator systems manufactured as an integral part of a vertical array of storage bins and designed to access the contents of those bins for storage or retrieval.

“Rotary atomisation” (1) means a process to reduce a stream or pool of molten metal to droplets to a diameter of 500 µm or less by centrifugal force.

“Roving” (1) is a bundle (typically 12–120) of approximately parallel ‘strands’.

Note: ‘Strand’ is a bundle of “monofilaments” (typically over 200) arranged approximately parallel.

“Run‑out” (2) (out‑of‑true running) means radial displacement in one revolution of the main spindle measured in a plane perpendicular to the spindle axis at a point on the external or internal revolving surface to be tested (Reference: ISO 230/1‑1986, paragraph 5.61).

“Scale factor” (gyro or accelerometer) (7) means the ratio of change in output to a change in the input intended to be measured. Scale factor is generally evaluated as the slope of the straight line that can be fitted by the method of least squares to input‑output data obtained by varying the input cyclically over the input range.

“Settling time” (3) means the time required for the output to come within one‑half bit of the final value when switching between any two levels of the converter.

“Software” (GSN All) means a collection of one or more “programs” or ‘microprograms’ fixed in any tangible medium of expression.

Note: ‘Microprogram’ means a sequence of elementary instructions, maintained in a special storage, the execution of which is initiated by the introduction of its reference instruction into an instruction register.

“Source code” (or source language) (4 6 7 9) is a convenient expression of one or more processes which may be turned by a programming system into equipment executable form (“object code” (or object language)).

“Space qualified” (3 6 7 ML19) refers to products designed, manufactured, or qualified through successful testing, for operation at altitudes greater than 100 km above the surface of the Earth.

Note: A determination that a specific item is “space‑ qualified” by virtue of testing does not mean that other items in the same production run or model series are “space‑qualified” if not individually tested.

“Spread spectrum” (5) means the technique whereby energy in a relatively narrow‑band communication channel is spread over a much wider energy spectrum.

“Spread spectrum” radar (6) — see “Radar spread spectrum”.

“Stability” (7) means the standard deviation (1 sigma) of the variation of a particular parameter from its calibrated value measured under stable temperature conditions. This can be expressed as a function of time.

“States (not) Party to the Chemical Weapon Convention” (1) are those states for which the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons has (not) entered into force. (See www.opcw.org)

“Substrate” (3) means a sheet of base material with or without an interconnection pattern and on which or within which ‘discrete components’ or integrated circuits or both can be located.

Note 2: ‘Circuit element’: a single active or passive functional part of an electronic circuit, such as one diode, one transistor, one resistor, one capacitor, etc.

“Substrate blanks” (3 6) means monolithic compounds with dimensions suitable for the production of optical elements such as mirrors or optical windows.

“Sub‑unit of toxin” (1) is a structurally and functionally discrete component of a whole “toxin”.

“Superalloys” (2 9) mean nickel‑, cobalt‑ or iron‑base alloys having strengths superior to any alloys in the AISI 300 series at temperatures over 922 K (649oC) under severe environmental and operating conditions.

Note: The “superconductive” state of a material is individually characterised by a “critical temperature”, a critical magnetic field, which is a function of temperature, and a critical current density which is, however, a function of both magnetic field and temperature.

“Super High Power Laser” (“SHPL”) (6) means a “laser” capable of delivering (the total or any portion of) the output energy exceeding 1 kJ within 50 ms or having an average or CW power exceeding 20 kW.

“Superplastic forming” (1 2) means a deformation process using heat for metals that are normally characterised by low values of elongation (less than 20%) at the breaking point as determined at room temperature by conventional tensile strength testing, in order to achieve elongations during processing which are at least 2 times those values.

“Symmetric algorithm” (5) means a cryptographic algorithm using an identical key for both encryption and decryption.

Note: A common use of “symmetric algorithms” is confidentiality of data.

“System tracks” (6) means processed, correlated (fusion of radar target data to flight plan position) and updated aircraft flight position report available to the Air Traffic Control centre controllers.

“Systolic array computer” (4) means a computer where the flow and modification of the data is dynamically controllable at the logic gate level by the user.

“Tape” (1) is a material constructed of interlaced or unidirectional “monofilaments”, ‘strands’, “rovings”, “tows”, or “yarns”, etc., usually preimpregnated with resin.

Note: ‘Strand’ is a bundle of “monofilaments” (typically over 200) arranged approximately parallel.

“Technology” (GTN NTN All) means specific information necessary for the “development”, “production” or “use” of a product. This information takes the form of ‘technical data’ or ‘technical assistance’. Controlled “technology” for the Dual‑Use List is defined in the General Technology Note and in the Dual‑Use List. Controlled “technology” for the Munitions List is specified in ML22.

Note 1: ‘Technical assistance’ may take forms such as instruction, skills, training, working knowledge and consulting services and may involve the transfer of ‘technical data’.

Note 2: ‘Technical data’ may take forms such as blueprints, plans, diagrams, models, formulae, tables, engineering designs and specifications, manuals and instructions written or recorded on other media or devices such as disk, tape, read‑only memories.

“Three dimensional integrated circuit” (3) A collection of semiconductor die, integrated together, and having vias passing completely through at least one die to establish interconnections between die.

“Tilting spindle” (2) means a tool‑holding spindle which alters, during the machining process, the angular position of its centre line with respect to any other axis.

“Time constant” (6) is the time taken from the application of a light stimulus for the current increment to reach a value of 1‑1/e times the final value (i.e., 63% of the final value).

“Tip shroud” (9) means a stationary ring component (solid or segmented) attached to the inner surface of the engine turbine casing or a feature at the outer tip of the turbine blade, which primarily provides a gas seal between the stationary and rotating components.

“Total control of flight” (7) means an automated control of “aircraft” state variables and flight path to meet mission objectives responding to real time changes in data regarding objectives, hazards or other “aircraft”.

“Total digital transfer rate” (5) means the number of bits, including line coding, overhead and so forth per unit time passing between corresponding equipment in a digital transmission system.

Note: See also “digital transfer rate”.

“Tow” (1) is a bundle of “monofilaments”, usually approximately parallel.

“Toxins” (1 2) means toxins in the form of deliberately isolated preparations or mixtures, no matter how produced, other than toxins present as contaminants of other materials such as pathological specimens, crops, foodstuffs or seed stocks of “microorganisms”.

“Transfer laser” (6) means a “laser” in which the lasing species is excited through the transfer of energy by collision of a non‑lasing atom or molecule with a lasing atom or molecule species.

“Tunable” (6) means the ability of a “laser” to produce a continuous output at all wavelengths over a range of several “laser” transitions. A line selectable “laser” produces discrete wavelengths within one “laser” transition and is not considered “tunable”.

“Uranium enriched in the isotopes 235 or 233” (0) means uranium containing the isotopes 235 or 233, or both, in an amount such that the abundance ratio of the sum of these isotopes to the isotope 238 is more than the ratio of the isotope 235 to the isotope 238 occurring in nature (isotopic ratio 0.71 per cent).

“User‑accessible programmability” (6) means the facility allowing a user to insert, modify or replace “programs” by means other than:

a. A physical change in wiring or interconnections; or

b. The setting of function controls including entry of parameters.

“Vaccine” (1) is a medicinal product in a pharmaceutical formulation licensed by, or having marketing or clinical trial authorisation from, the regulatory authorities of either the country of manufacture or of use, which is intended to stimulate a protective immunological response in humans or animals in order to prevent disease in those to whom or to which it is administered.

“Vacuum Atomisation” (1) means a process to reduce a molten stream of metal to droplets of a diameter of 500 micrometre or less by the rapid evolution of a dissolved gas upon exposure to a vacuum.

“Variable geometry airfoils” (7) means the use of trailing edge flaps or tabs, or leading edge slats or pivoted nose droop, the position of which can be controlled in flight.

“Yarn” (1) is a bundle of twisted ‘strands’.

Note: ‘Strand’ is a bundle of “monofilaments” (typically over 200) arranged approximately parallel.

Note 1: Terms in “quotations” are defined terms. Refer to ‘Definitions of Terms used in these Lists’ annexed to this List.

Note 2: In some instances chemicals are listed by name and CAS number. The list applies to chemicals of the same structural formula (including hydrates) regardless of name or CAS number. CAS numbers are shown to assist in identifying a particular chemical or mixture, irrespective of nomenclature. CAS numbers cannot be used as unique identifiers because some forms of the listed chemical have different CAS numbers, and mixtures containing a listed chemical may also have different CAS numbers.

ML1. Smooth‑bore weapons with a calibre of less than 20 mm, other arms and automatic weapons with a calibre of 12.7 mm (calibre 0.50 inches) or less and accessories, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:

Note: ML1. does not apply to:

a. Firearms specially designed for dummy ammunition and which are incapable of discharging a projectile;

b. Firearms specially designed to launch tethered projectiles having no high explosive charge or communications link, to a range of less than or equal to 500 m.;

c. Weapons using non‑centre fire cased ammunition and which are not of the fully automatic firing type.

Note: ML1.d. does not apply to optical weapon sights without electronic image processing, with a magnification of 9 times or less, provided they are not specially designed or modified for military use, or incorporate any reticles specially designed for military use.

ML2. Smooth‑bore weapons with a calibre of 20 mm or more, other weapons or armament with a calibre greater than 12.7 mm (calibre 0.50 inches), projectors and accessories, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:

Note 2: ML4.b. does not apply to hand‑held devices limited by design solely to the detection of metal objects and incapable of distinguishing between mines and other metal objects.

c. Aircraft Missile Protection Systems (AMPS).

Note: ML4.c. does not apply to AMPS having all of the following:

a. Any of the following missile warning sensors:

1. Passive sensors having peak response between 100‑400 nm; or

2. Active pulsed Doppler missile warning sensors;

b. Countermeasures dispensing systems;

c. Flares, which exhibit both a visible signature and an infrared signature, for decoying surface‑to‑air missiles; and

d. Installed on “civil aircraft” and having all of the following:

1. The AMPS is only operable in a specific “civil aircraft” in which the specific AMPS is installed and for which any of the following has been issued:

a. A civil Type Certificate; or

b. An equivalent document recognised by the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO);

2. The AMPS employs protection to prevent unauthorised access to “software”; and

3. The AMPS incorporates an active mechanism that forces the system not to function when it is removed from the “civil aircraft” in which it was installed.

ML5. Fire control, and related alerting and warning equipment, and related systems, test and alignment and countermeasure equipment, as follows, specially designed for military use, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:

Note 2: Modification of a ground vehicle for military use specified by ML6.a. entails a structural, electrical or mechanical change involving one or more components that are specially designed for military use. Such components include:

a. Pneumatic tyre casings of a kind specially designed to be bullet‑proof;

b. O‑Alkyl (equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl) N,N‑dialkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n‑Propyl or Isopropyl) phosphoramidocyanidates, such as:

1. Tabun (GA):O‑Ethyl

N,N‑dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate (CAS 77–81–6);

c. O‑Alkyl (H or equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl) S‑2‑dialkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n‑Propyl or Isopropyl)‑aminoethyl alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n‑Propyl or Isopropyl) phosphonothiolates and corresponding alkylated and protonated salts, such as:

2. O‑Alkyl (H or equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl) O‑2‑dialkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n‑Propyl or Isopropyl)‑aminoethyl alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n‑Propyl or Isopropyl) phosphonites and corresponding alkylated and protonated salts, such as:

Note 2: ML7.d. does not apply to active constituent chemicals, and combinations thereof, identified and packaged for food production or medical purposes.

e. Equipment, specially designed or modified for military use, designed or modified for the dissemination of any of the following, and specially designed components therefor:

1. Materials or agents specified by ML7.a., ML7.b. or ML7.d.; or

2. CW agents made up of precursors specified by ML7.c.;

f. Protective and decontamination equipment, specially designed or modified for military use, components and chemical mixtures, as follows:

1. Equipment designed or modified for defence against materials specified by ML7.a., ML7.b. or d., and specially designed components therefor;

2. Equipment designed or modified for decontamination of objects contaminated with materials specified by ML7.a. or ML7.b., and specially designed components therefor;

3. Chemical mixtures specially developed or formulated for the decontamination of objects contaminated with materials specified by ML7.a. or ML7.b.;

Note: ML7.f.1. includes:

a. Air conditioning units specially designed or modified for nuclear, biological or chemical filtration;

b. Protective clothing.

N.B.: For civil gas masks, protective and decontamination equipment, see also 1.A.4. on the Dual‑Use List.

g. Equipment, specially designed or modified for military use designed or modified for the detection or identification of materials specified by ML7.a., ML7.b. or ML7.d., and specially designed components therefor;

Note: ML7.g. does not apply to personal radiation monitoring dosimeters.

N.B.: See also 1A004 on the Dual‑Use List.

h. “Biopolymers” specially designed or processed for the detection or identification of CW agents specified by ML7.b., and the cultures of specific cells used to produce them;

i. “Biocatalysts” for the decontamination or degradation of CW agents, and biological systems therefor, as follows:

1. “Biocatalysts” specially designed for the decontamination or degradation of CW agents specified by ML7.b., and resulting from directed laboratory selection or genetic manipulation of biological systems;

2. Biological systems containing the genetic information specific to the production of “biocatalysts” specified by ML7.i.1., as follows:

Note 2: The cultures of cells and biological systems specified by ML7.h. and ML7.i.2. are exclusive and these sub‑items do not apply to cells or biological systems for civil purposes, such as agricultural, pharmaceutical, medical, veterinary, environmental, waste management, or in the food industry.

ML8. “Energetic materials” and related substances, as follows:

N.B. 1: See also 1C011 on the Dual‑Use List.

N.B. 2: For charges and devices, see ML4 and 1A008 on the Dual‑Use List.

Technical Notes:

1. For the purposes of ML8., mixture refers to a composition of two or more substances with at least one substance being listed in the ML8 sub‑items.

2. Any substance listed in the ML8 sub‑items is subject to this list, even when utilised in an application other than that indicated. (e.g., TAGN is predominantly used as an explosive but can also be used either as a fuel or an oxidiser.)

3. For the purposes of ML8., particle size is the mean particle diameter on a weight or volume basis. International or equivalent national standards will be used in sampling and determining particle size.

1. Any solid “propellant” with a theoretical specific impulse (under standard conditions) of more than:

a. 240 seconds for non‑metallized, non‑halogenized “propellant”;

b. 250 seconds for non‑metallized, halogenized “propellant”; or

c. 260 seconds for metallized “propellant”;

2. Not used;

3. “Propellants” having a force constant of more than 1,200 kJ/kg;

4. “Propellants” that can sustain a steady‑state linear burning rate of more than 38 mm/s under standard conditions (as measured in the form of an inhibited single strand) of 6.89 MPa (68.9 bar) pressure and 294K (21oC);

5. Elastomer Modified Cast Double Base (EMCDB) “propellants” with extensibility at maximum stress of more than 5% at 233K (‑40oC);

6. Any “propellant” containing substances specified by ML8.a.;

7. “Propellants”, not specified elsewhere in the Munitions List, specially designed for military use;

4. Hydrazine and derivatives, as follows (see also ML8.d.8. and d.9. for oxidising hydrazine derivatives):

a. Hydrazine (CAS 302‑01‑2) in concentrations of 70% or more;

b. Monomethyl hydrazine (CAS 60‑34‑4);

c. Symmetrical dimethyl hydrazine (CAS 540‑73‑8);

d. Unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine (CAS 57‑14‑7);

Note: ML8.c.4.a. does not apply to hydrazine ‘mixtures’ specially formulated for corrosion control.

5. Metal fuels, fuel mixtures or “pyrotechnic” mixtures, in particle form whether spherical, atomized, spheroidal, flaked or ground, manufactured from material consisting of 99 % or more of any of the following:

a. Metals as follows and mixtures thereof:

1. Beryllium (CAS 7440‑41‑7) in particle sizes of less than 60 µm;

2. Iron powder (CAS 7439‑89‑6) with particle size of 3 µm or less produced by reduction of iron oxide with hydrogen;

b. Mixtures containing any of the following:

1. Zirconium (CAS 7440‑67‑7), magnesium (CAS 7439‑95‑4) or alloys of these in particle sizes of less than 60 µm; or

2. Boron (CAS 7440‑42‑8) or boron carbide (CAS 12069‑32‑8) fuels of 85% purity or higher and particle sizes of less than 60 µm;

Note 1: ML8.c.5 applies to explosives and fuels, whether or not the metals or alloys are encapsulated in aluminium, magnesium, zirconium, or beryllium.

Note 2: ML8.c.5.b. only applies to metal fuels in particle form when they are mixed with other substances to form a mixture formulated for military purposes such as liquid propellant slurries, solid propellants, or pyrotechnic mixtures.

Note 3: ML8.c.5.b.2. does not apply to boron and boron carbide enriched with boron‑10 (20% or more of total boron‑10 content.)

6. Military materials, containing thickeners for hydrocarbon fuels, specially formulated for use in flame throwers or incendiary munitions, such as metal stearates (e.g., octal (CAS 637‑12‑7)) or palmitates;

7. Perchlorates, chlorates and chromates, composited with powdered metal or other high energy fuel components;

8. Spherical aluminium powder (CAS 7429‑90‑5) with a particle size of 60 µm or less, manufactured from material with an aluminium content of 99% or more;

12. HTPB (hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene) with a hydroxyl functionality equal to or greater than 2.2 and less than or equal to 2.4, a hydroxyl value of less than 0.77 meq/g, and a viscosity at 30°C of less than 47 poise (CAS 69102‑90‑5);

13. Alcohol functionalised poly(epichlorohydrin) with a molecular weight less than 10,000, as follows:

b. Compounded or mixed, with non‑active thermoset binders or plasticizers, and having a mass of less than 250 g;

c. Having a maximum of 80% ammonium perchlorate (ML8.d.2.) in mass of active material;

d. Having less than or equal to 4 g of NTO (ML8.a.18.); and

e. Having less than or equal to 1 g of catocene (ML8.f.4.b.).

Note 3: Former note 5 was deleted in 2008. Remaining Notes 6 and 7 were renumbered Notes 1 and 2 in 2012.

ML9. Vessels of war (surface or underwater), special naval equipment, accessories, components and other surface vessels, as follows:

N.B.: For guidance and navigation equipment, see ML11.

a. Vessels and components, as follows:

1. Vessels (surface or underwater) specially designed or modified for military use, regardless of current state of repair or operating condition, and whether or not they contain weapon delivery systems or armour, and hulls or parts of hulls for such vessels, and components therefor specially designed for military use;

2. Surface vessels, other than those specified in ML9.a.1., having any of the following, fixed or integrated into the vessel:

a. Automatic weapons having a calibre of 12.7 mm or greater specified in ML1., or weapons specified in ML2., ML4., ML12. or ML19., or ‘mountings’ or hard points for such weapons;

Technical Note:

‘Mountings’ refers to weapon mounts or structural strengthening for the purpose of installing weapons.

‘Air Independent Propulsion’ (AIP) allows a submerged submarine to operate its propulsion system, without access to atmospheric oxygen, for a longer time than the batteries would have otherwise allowed. For the purposes of ML9.b.4., AIP does not include nuclear power.

c. Underwater detection devices, specially designed for military use, controls therefor and components therefor specially designed for military use;

d. Anti‑submarine nets and anti‑torpedo nets, specially designed for military use;

e. Not used since 2003;

f. Hull penetrators and connectors, specially designed for military use, that enable interaction with equipment external to a vessel, and components therefor specially designed for military use;

Note: ML9.f. includes connectors for vessels which are of the single‑conductor, multi‑conductor, coaxial or waveguide type, and hull penetrators for vessels, both of which are capable of remaining impervious to leakage from without and of retaining required characteristics at marine depths exceeding 100 m; and fibre‑optic connectors and optical hull penetrators, specially designed for “laser” beam transmission, regardless of depth. ML9.f. does not apply to ordinary propulsive shaft and hydrodynamic control‑rod hull penetrators.

g. Silent bearings having any of the following, components therefor and equipment containing those bearings, specially designed for military use:

Note 1: ML10.a. does not apply to “aircraft” and “lighter‑than‑air vehicles” or variants of those “aircraft”, specially designed for military use and which are all of the following:

a. Not a combat aircraft;

b. Not configured for military use and not fitted with equipment or attachments specially designed or modified for military use; and

c. Certified for civil use by the civil aviation authority in a Wassenaar Arrangement Participating State.

Note 2: ML10.d. does not apply to:

a. Aero‑engines designed or modified for military use which have been certified by civil aviation authorities in a Wassenaar Arrangement Participating State for use in “civil aircraft”, or specially designed components therefor;

b. Reciprocating engines or specially designed components therefor, except those specially designed for “UAVs”.

Note 3: For the purposes of ML10.a. and ML10.d., specially designed components and related equipment for non‑military “aircraft” or aero‑engines modified for military use applies only to those military components and to military related equipment required for the modification to military use.

Note 4: For the purposes of ML10.a., military use includes combat, military reconnaissance, assault, military training, logistics support, and transporting and airdropping troops or military equipment.

Note 5: ML10.a. does not apply to “aircraft” that meet all of the following:

a. Were first manufactured before 1946;

b. Do not incorporate items specified by the Munitions List, unless the items are required to meet safety or airworthiness standards of a participating state; and

c. Do not incorporate weapons specified by the Munitions List, unless inoperable and incapable of being returned to operation.

ML11. Electronic equipment, not specified elsewhere on the Munitions List, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:

a. Electronic equipment specially designed for military use;

Note: ML11.a. includes:

a. Electronic countermeasure and electronic counter‑countermeasure equipment (i.e., equipment designed to introduce extraneous or erroneous signals into radar or radio communication receivers or otherwise hinder the reception, operation or effectiveness of adversary electronic receivers including their countermeasure equipment), including jamming and counter‑jamming equipment;

b. Frequency agile tubes;

c. Electronic systems or equipment, designed either for surveillance and monitoring of the electro‑magnetic spectrum for military intelligence or security purposes or for counteracting such surveillance and monitoring;

d. Underwater countermeasures, including acoustic and magnetic jamming and decoy, equipment designed to introduce extraneous or erroneous signals into sonar receivers;

Note 1: ML13.b. includes materials specially designed to form explosive reactive armour or to construct military shelters.

Note 2: ML13.c. does not apply to conventional steel helmets, neither modified or designed to accept, nor equipped with any type of accessory device.

Note 3: ML13.c. and ML13.d. do not apply to helmets, body armour or protective garments, when accompanying their user for the user’s own personal protection.

Note 4: The only helmets specially designed for bomb disposal personnel that are specified by ML13. are those specially designed for military use.

N.B. 1: See also 1A005 on the Dual‑Use List.

N.B. 2: For “fibrous or filamentary materials” used in the manufacture of body armour and helmets, see 1C010 on the Dual‑Use List.

ML14. ‘Specialised equipment for military training’ or for simulating military scenarios, simulators specially designed for training in the use of any firearm or weapon specified by ML1. or ML2., and specially designed components and accessories therefor.

h. Electrically triggered shutters of the photochromic or electro‑optical type having a shutter speed of less than 100 µs, except in the case of shutters which are an essential part of a high speed camera;

3. Specially designed or rated for operating in an electro‑magnetic pulse (EMP) environment;

Technical Note:

Electro‑magnetic pulse does not refer to unintentional interference caused by electromagnetic radiation from nearby equipment (e.g., machinery, appliances or electronics) or lightning.

f. ‘Libraries’ (parametric technical databases) specially designed for military use with equipment specified by the Munitions List;

g. Nuclear power generating equipment or propulsion equipment, including “nuclear reactors”, specially designed for military use and components therefor specially designed or ‘modified’ for military use;

h. Equipment and material, coated or treated for signature suppression, specially designed for military use, other than those specified elsewhere in the Munitions List;

i. Simulators specially designed for military “nuclear reactors”;

j. Mobile repair shops specially designed or ‘modified’ to service military equipment;

k. Field generators specially designed or ‘modified’ for military use;

l. Containers specially designed or ‘modified’ for military use;

m. Ferries, other than those specified elsewhere in the Munitions List, bridges and pontoons, specially designed for military use;

n. Test models specially designed for the “development” of items specified by ML4., ML6., ML9. or ML10.;

p. “Fuel cells”, other than those specified elsewhere in the Munitions List, specially designed or ‘modified’ for military use.

Technical Notes:

1. For the purpose of ML17., the term ‘library’ (parametric technical database) means a collection of technical information of a military nature, reference to which may enhance the performance of military equipment or systems.

2. For the purpose of ML17., ‘modified’ means any structural, electrical, mechanical, or other change that provides a non‑military item with military capabilities equivalent to an item which is specially designed for military use.

ML18. Production equipment and components, as follows:

a. Specially designed or modified ‘production’ equipment for the ‘production’ of products specified by the Munitions List, and specially designed components therefor;

b. Specially designed environmental test facilities and specially designed equipment therefor, for the certification, qualification or testing of products specified by the Munitions List.

Technical Note:

For the purposes of ML18., the term ‘production’ includes design, examination, manufacture, testing and checking.

Note: ML18.a. and ML18.b. include the following equipment:

a. Continuous nitrators;

b. Centrifugal testing apparatus or equipment, having any of the following:

1. Driven by a motor or motors having a total rated horsepower of more than 298 kW (400 hp);

2. Capable of carrying a payload of 113 kg or more; or

3. Capable of exerting a centrifugal acceleration of 8 g or more on a payload of 91 kg or more;

c. Dehydration presses;

d. Screw extruders specially designed or modified for military explosive extrusion;

e. Cutting machines for the sizing of extruded propellants;

f. Sweetie barrels (tumblers) 1.85 m or more in diameter and having over 227 kg product capacity;

g. Continuous mixers for solid propellants;

h. Fluid energy mills for grinding or milling the ingredients of military explosives;

i. Equipment to achieve both sphericity and uniform particle size in metal powder listed in ML8.c.8.;

j. Convection current converters for the conversion of materials listed in ML8.c.3.

ML20. Cryogenic and “superconductive” equipment, as follows, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:

a. Equipment specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne or space applications, capable of operating while in motion and of producing or maintaining temperatures below 103 K (‑170°C);

Note: ML20.a. includes mobile systems incorporating or employing accessories or components manufactured from non‑metallic or non‑electrical conductive materials, such as plastics or epoxy‑impregnated materials.

b. “Superconductive” electrical equipment (rotating machinery and transformers) specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne or space applications and capable of operating while in motion.

Note: ML20.b. does not apply to direct‑current hybrid homopolar generators that have single‑pole normal metal armatures which rotate in a magnetic field produced by superconducting windings, provided those windings are the only superconducting components in the generator.

ML21. “Software” as follows:

a. “Software” specially designed or modified for the “development”, “production” or “use” of equipment, materials or “software”, specified by the Munitions List;

b. Specific “software”, other than that specified by ML21.a., as follows:

1. “Software” specially designed for military use and specially designed for modelling, simulating or evaluating military weapon systems;

2. “Software” specially designed for military use and specially designed for modelling or simulating military operational scenarios;

3. “Software” for determining the effects of conventional, nuclear, chemical or biological weapons;

4. “Software” specially designed for military use and specially designed for Command, Communications, Control and Intelligence (C3I) or Command, Communications, Control, Computer and Intelligence (C4I) applications;

c. “Software”, not specified by ML21.a., or b., specially designed or modified to enable equipment not specified by the Munitions List to perform the military functions of equipment specified by the Munitions List.

ML22. “Technology” as follows:

a. “Technology”, other than specified in ML22.b., which is “required” for the “development”, “production”, operation, installation, maintenance (checking), repair, overhaul or refurbishing of items specified by the Munitions List;

b. “Technology” as follows:

1. “Technology” “required” for the design of, the assembly of components into, and the operation, maintenance and repair of, complete production installations for items specified by the Munitions List, even if the components of such production installations are not specified;

2. “Technology” “required” for the “development” and “production” of small arms, even if used to produce reproductions of antique small arms;

3. Not used;

N.B.: See ML22.a. for “technology” previously specified by ML22.b.3.

4. Not used;

N.B.: See ML22.a. for “technology” previously specified by ML22.b.4.

5. “Technology” “required” exclusively for the incorporation of “biocatalysts”, specified by ML7.i.1., into military carrier substances or military material.

Note 1: “Technology” “required” for the “development”, “production”,operation, installation, maintenance (checking), repair, overhaul or refurbishing of items specified by the Munitions List remains under control even when applicable to any item not specified by the Munitions List.

Note 2: ML22 does not apply to:

a. “Technology” that is the minimum necessary for the installation, operation, maintenance (checking) and repair, of those items which are not controlled or whose export has been authorised;

b. “Technology” that is “in the public domain”, “basic scientific research” or the minimum necessary information for patent applications;

Note 3: ML22 does not control “technology” “required” for the operation, installation, maintenance (checking), repair, overhaul or refurbishing of items specified in ML901 to ML905.

ML901. Firearms, other than those specified in ML1 or ML2, including rifles, carbines, muskets, pistols, revolvers, shotguns and smooth‑bore weapons, and specially designed components therefor.

ML902. Ammunition, projectiles, and specially designed components therefor, for the firearms specified in ML901.

Technical Note:

Specially designed components for the products controlled by ML901 and ML902 include forgings, castings and other unfinished products the use of which in a controlled product is identifiable by material composition, geometry or function.

ML903. Deleted.

ML904. Accessories, including silencers, special gun‑mountings, magazines, weapon sights and flash suppressors, for the firearms specified in ML901.

ML905. Air guns having any of the following characteristics and specially designed components therefor:

a. muzzle velocity exceeding 152.4 m/s (500 feet per second);

b. designed for competition target shooting; or

c. capable of fully automatic operation.

Technical Note:

Air guns discharge a projectile by the use of compressed air or gas and not by the explosive force of propellant combustion. Air guns include any air pistol or air rifle.

Note: ML905 does not include air gun accessories, air gun pellets or other air gun projectiles.

ML908. “Energetic materials” other than “energetic materials” specified in ML8, including high explosives specified in 1C239, but excluding those specially formulated for toys, novelty goods and fireworks.

ML909. Detonators or other equipment, other than those specified in ML4 or 1A007, for the initiation of “energetic materials” specified in ML908.

ML910. Charges and devices, other than those specified in ML4 or 1A008, containing “energetic materials” specified in ML908.

Note: ML901 to ML910 do not include any of the following:

a.nailing or stapling guns;

b.explosive powered fixing tools;

c.starting pistols, flare guns or other signalling devices designed for emergency or life‑saving purposes;

d.line throwers;

e.tranquilliser guns;

f.guns that operate a captive bolt for the slaughter of animals;

g.devices for the casting of weighted nets;

h.underwater power‑heads;

i.fire extinguisher cartridges;

j.hand‑operated devices that use blank cartridges to propel objects for retrieval in connection with the training of dogs;

k.paintball guns;

l.air‑soft guns (6mm or 8mm calibre);

m.air bag and life raft inflation gas generators;

n.thermite welding charges and associated igniters;

o.sidewall core guns designed for geological or mining purposes;

p.expandable casing perforation guns designed for geological or mining purposes;

Note 1: Terms in “quotations” are defined terms. Refer to the ‘Definitions of Terms’ section.

Note 2: Chemicals are listed by name and CAS number. Chemicals of the same structural formula (including hydrates) are controlled regardless of name or CAS number. CAS numbers are shown to assist in identifying whether a particular chemical or mixture is controlled, irrespective of nomenclature. CAS numbers cannot be used as unique identifiers because some forms of the listed chemical have different CAS numbers, and mixtures containing a listed chemical may also have different CAS numbers.

NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY NOTE (NTN)

(To be read in conjunction with section E of Category 0.)

1. The “technology” directly associated with any goods controlled in Category 0 is controlled according to the provisions of Category 0.

2. “Technology” for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods under control remains under control even when applicable to non‑controlled goods.

3. The approval of goods for export also authorises the export to the same end‑user of the minimum “technology” required for the installation, operation, maintenance and repair of the goods.

4. Controls on “technology” transfer do not apply to information “in the public domain” or to “basic scientific research”.

GENERAL TECHNOLOGY NOTE (GTN)

(This note applies to all technology controls in Categories 1 to 9.)

1. The export of “technology” which is “required” for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods controlled in Categories 1 to 9, is controlled according to the provisions of Categories 1 to 9.

2. “Technology” “required” for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods under control remains under control even when applicable to non‑controlled goods.

3. Controls do not apply to that “technology” which is the minimum necessary for the installation, operation, maintenance (checking) and repair of those goods which are not controlled or whose export has been authorised.

Note: This does not release such “technology” specified in 1E002.e., 1E002.f., 8E002.a. and 8E002.b.

4. Controls on “technology” transfer do not apply to information “in the public domain”, to “basic scientific research” or to the minimum necessary information for patent applications.

GENERAL SOFTWARE NOTE (GSN)

(This note applies to all software controls within Categories 0 to 9.)

Categories 0 to 9 of this list do not control “software” which is any of the following:

1. Generally available to the public by being:

a. Sold from stock at retail selling points, without restriction, by means of:

1. Over‑the‑counter transactions;

2. Mail order transactions;

3. Electronic transactions; or

4. Telephone order transactions; and

b. Designed for installation by the user without further substantial support by the supplier;

Note: Entry 1. of the General Software Note does not release “software” specified in Category 5 — Part 2 (“Information Security”).

2. “In the public domain”; or

3. The minimum necessary “object code” for the installation, operation, maintenance (checking) or repair of those items whose export has been authorised.

Note: Entry 3 of the General Software Note does not release “software” controlled by Category 5 — Part 2 (“Information Security”).

0A001 “Nuclear reactors” and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor, as follows:

a. “Nuclear reactors” capable of operation so as to maintain a controlled self‑sustaining fission chain reaction;

b. Metal vessels, or major shop‑fabricated parts therefor, including the reactor vessel head for a reactor pressure vessel, specially designed or prepared to contain the core of a “nuclear reactor” specified by 0A001.a;

c. Manipulative equipment specially designed or prepared for inserting or removing fuel in a “nuclear reactor” specified by 0A001.a;

d. Control rods specially designed or prepared for the control of the fission process in a “nuclear reactor” specified by 0A001.a, support or suspension structures therefor, rod drive mechanisms and rod guide tubes;

e. Tubes which are specially designed or prepared to contain both fuel elements and the primary coolant in a “nuclear reactor” specified by 0A001.a.;

f. Zirconium metal tubes or zirconium alloy tubes (or assemblies of tubes), specially designed or prepared for use as fuel cladding in a “nuclear reactor” specified by 0A001.a, and in quantities exceeding 10 kg;

N.B.1: For zirconium pressure tubes see 0A001.e.

N.B.2: For calandria tubes see 0A001.h.

g. Pumps or circulators specially designed or prepared for circulating the primary coolant of “nuclear reactors” specified by 0A001.a.;

h. ‘Nuclear reactor internals’ specially designed or prepared for use in a “nuclear reactor” specified by 0A001.a., including, for example, support columns for the core, fuel channels, calandria tubes, thermal shields, baffles, core grid plates, and diffuser plates;

Note: In 0A001.h. ‘nuclear reactor internals’ means any major structure within a reactor vessel which has one or more functions such as supporting the core, maintaining fuel alignment, directing primary coolant flow, providing radiation shields for the reactor vessel, and guiding in‑core instrumentation.

i. Heat exchangers as follows:

1. Steam generators specially designed or prepared for the primary, or intermediate, coolant circuit of a “nuclear reactor” specified by 0A001.a;

2. Other heat exchangers specially designed or prepared for use in the primary coolant circuit of a “nuclear reactor” specified by 0A001.a.

Note: 0A001.i. does not control heat exchangers for the supporting systems of the reactor e.g. the emergency cooling system or the decay heat cooling system.

j. Neutron detectors specially designed or prepared for determining neutron flux levels within the core of a “nuclear reactor” specified by 0A001.a..

k. ‘External thermal shields’ specially designed or prepared for use in a “nuclear reactor” specified by 0A001.a. for reduction of heat loss and also for containment vessel protection.

Note: In 0A001.k. ‘external thermal shields’ means major structures placed over the reactor vessel which reduce heat loss from the reactor and reduce temperature within the containment vessel.

0B Test, Inspection and Production Equipment

0B001 Plant for the separation of isotopes of “natural uranium”, “depleted uranium” and “special fissile materials”, and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor, other than analytical instruments, as follows:

b. Aluminium alloys capable of an ultimate tensile strength of 0.46 GPa or more; or

c. Filamentary materials suitable for use in composite structures and having a “specific modulus” of 3.18 X 106 m or greater and a “specific tensile strength” of 7.62 X 104 m or greater;

1. Gas centrifuges;

2. Complete rotor assemblies;

3. Rotor tube cylinders with a wall thickness of 12 mm or less, a diameter of between 75 mm and 650 mm, made from ‘high strength‑to‑density ratio materials’;

4. Rings or bellows with a wall thickness of 3 mm or less and a diameter of between 75 mm and 650 mm and designed to give local support to a rotor tube or to join a number together, made from ‘high strength‑to‑density ratio materials’;

5. Baffles of between 75 mm and 650 mm diameter for mounting inside a rotor tube, made from ‘high strength‑to‑density ratio materials’;

6. Top or bottom caps of between 75 mm and 650 mm diameter to fit the ends of a rotor tube, made from ‘high strength‑to‑density ratio materials’;

7. Magnetic suspension bearings as follows:

a. Magnetic suspension bearings, specially designed or prepared, consisting of an annular magnet suspended within a housing made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6” containing a damping medium and having the magnet coupling with a pole piece or second magnet fitted to the top cap of the rotor;

b. Active magnetic bearings specially designed or prepared for use with gas centrifuges.

Note: Bearings specified in 0B001.b.7.b. usually have the following characteristics:

1.Designed to keep centered a rotor spinning at 600 Hz or more; and

2.Associated to a reliable electrical power supply and/or to an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) unit in order to function for more than one hour.

8. Specially designed or prepared bearings comprising a pivot‑cup assembly mounted on a damper;

10. Specially designed or prepared ring‑shaped motor stators for multiphase AC hysteresis (or reluctance) motors for synchronous operation within a vacuum at a frequency of 600 Hz or greater and a power of 40 VA or greater;

11. Centrifuge housing/recipients to contain the rotor tube assembly of a gas centrifuge, consisting of a rigid cylinder of wall thickness up to 30 mm with precision machined ends to locate the bearings and with one or more flanges for mounting;

12. Specially designed or prepared tubes for the extraction of UF6 gas from within a centrifuge rotor tube by a Pitot tube action (that is, with an aperture facing into the circumferential gas flow within the rotor tube, for example by bending the end of a radially disposed tube) and capable of being fixed to the central gas extraction system;

13. Not used;

14. Not used;

c. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for gaseous diffusion separation process, made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”, as follows:

1. Specially designed or prepared gaseous diffusion barriers, being thin, porous filters, with a pore size of 10 – 100 nm, a thickness of 5 mm or less, and for tubular forms, a diameter of 25 mm or less, made of metallic, polymer or ceramic “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”;

2. Specially designed or prepared hermetically sealed vessels for containing the gaseous diffusion barrier, made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”;

3. Specially designed or prepared compressors or gas blowers with a suction volume capacity of 1 m3 per minute or more of UF6 and with a discharge pressure of up to 500 kPa and a pressure ratio of 10:1 or less, designed for long‑term operation in the UF6 environment, as well as separate assemblies of such compressors and gas blowers, made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”;

4. Specially designed or prepared rotary shaft seals for compressors or blowers specified in 0B001.c.3. and designed for a buffer gas in‑leakage rate of less than 1,000 cm3 per minute.;

5. Specially designed or prepared heat exchangers made of or protected with “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”, and intended for a leakage pressure change rate of less than 10 Pa per hour under a pressure difference of 100 kPa.

6. Not used;

d. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for aerodynamic separation process, as follows:

1. Specially designed or prepared separation nozzles and assemblies thereof, consisting of slit‑shaped, curved channels having a radius of curvature less than 1 mm, resistant to corrosion by UF6 , and having a knife‑edge contained within the nozzle which separates the gas flowing through the nozzle into two streams;

2. Specially designed or prepared vortex tubes and assemblies thereof, which are cylindrical or tapered, made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6” and with one or more tangential inlets;

Note: Vortex tubes may be equipped with nozzle‑type appendages at either or both ends. The feed gas enters the vortex tube tangentially at one end or through swirl vanes or at numerous tangential positions along the periphery of the tube.

3. Specially designed or prepared compressors or gas blowers made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6” / materials resistant to corrosion by carrier gas (hydrogen or helium) mixture.

4. Heat exchangers made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”;

5. Specially designed or prepared separation element housings, made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6” to contain vortex tubes or separation nozzles;

c. Separation nozzle or vortex tube units for the separation of UF6 from carrier gas;

d. UF6 cold traps capable of temperatures of 253 K (‑200C) or less;

8. Specially designed or prepared rotary shaft seals, with seal feed and seal exhaust connections, for sealing the shaft connecting compressors or gas blowers specified by 1B001.d.3. with the driver motor so as to ensure a reliable seal against out‑leakage of process gas or in‑leakage of air or seal gas into the inner chamber of the compressor or gas blower which is filled with a UF6/carrier gas mixture.

e. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for uranium enrichment using the chemical exchange separation process, as follows:

1. Countercurrent liquid‑liquid exchange columns having mechanical power input with stage residence time of 30 seconds or less and resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid (e.g. made of or protected by suitable plastic materials such as fluorocarbon polymers or glass);

2. Liquid‑liquid centrifugal contactors with stage residence time of 30 seconds or less and resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid (e.g. made of or protected by suitable plastic materials such as fluorocarbon polymers or glass);

3. Electrochemical reduction cells resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid solutions, for reduction of uranium from one valence state to another;

4. Specially designed or prepared systems at the product end of the cascade for taking the U+4 out of the organic, stream, adjusting the acid concentration and feeding to the electrochemical reduction cells and, for those parts in contact with the process stream, made of or protected by suitable materials (e.g. glass, fluorocarbon polymers, polyphenyl sulphate, polyether sulfone and resin‑impregnated graphite);

6. Uranium oxidation systems for oxidation of U+3 to U+4 for return to the uranium isotope separation cascade;

f. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for ion‑exchange separation process, as follows:

1. Fast reacting ion‑exchange resins, pellicular or porous macro‑reticulated resins in which the active chemical exchange groups are limited to a coating on the surface of an inactive porous support structure, and other composite structures in any suitable form, including particles or fibres, with diameters of 0.2 mm or less, resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid and designed to have an exchange rate half‑time of less than 10 seconds and capable of operating at temperatures in the range of 373 K (100°C) to 473 K (200°C);

2. Ion exchange columns (cylindrical) with a diameter greater than 1,000 mm, made of or protected by materials resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid (e.g. titanium or fluorocarbon plastics) and capable of operating at temperatures in the range of 373 K (100°C) to 473 K (200°C) and pressures above 0.7 MPa;

Note: These systems may contain electron beam guns and are designed to achieve a delivered power (1kW or greater) on the target sufficient to generate uranium metal vapour at a rate required for the laser enrichment function

1. Supersonic expansion nozzles for cooling mixtures of UF6 and carrier gas to 150 K (‑123°C) or less and made from “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”;

2. Components or devices for collecting uranium product material or uranium tails material following illumination with laser light, and made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF5/UF6”;

3. Compressors for UF6/carrier gas mixtures, made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”;

6. “Lasers” or “laser” systems for the separation of uranium isotopes with a spectrum frequency stabiliser for operation over extended periods of time;

N.B.: SEE ALSO 6A005 AND 6A205.

7. Specially designed or prepared rotary shaft seals, with seal feed and seal exhaust connections, for sealing the shaft connecting compressors specified by 1B001.h.3. with the driver motor so as to ensure a reliable seal against out‑leakage of process gas or in‑leakage of air or seal gas into the inner chamber of the compressor which is filled with a UF6/carrier gas mixture

i. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for plasma separation process, as follows:

1. Microwave power sources and antennae for producing or accelerating ions, with an output frequency greater than 30 GHz and mean power output for ion production greater than 50 kW;

2. Radio frequency ion excitation coils for frequencies of more than 100 kHz and capable of handling more than 40 kW mean power;

5. Uranium metal product and tails collectors made of or protected by materials resistant to the heat and corrosion of uranium vapour such as yttria‑coated graphite or tantalum;

6. Separator module housings (cylindrical) for containing the uranium plasma source, radio‑frequency drive coil and the product and tails collectors and made of a suitable non‑magnetic material (e.g. stainless steel);

j. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for electromagnetic separation process, as follows:

1. Ion sources, single or multiple, consisting of a vapour source, ioniser, and beam accelerator made of suitable non‑magnetic materials (e.g. graphite, stainless steel, or copper) and capable of providing a total ion beam current of 50 mA or greater;

2. Ion collector plates for collection of enriched or depleted uranium ion beams, consisting of two or more slits and pockets and made of suitable non‑magnetic materials (e.g. graphite or stainless steel);

3. Vacuum housings for uranium electromagnetic separators made of non‑magnetic materials (e.g. stainless steel) and designed to operate at pressures of 0.1 Pa or lower;

4. Magnet pole pieces with a diameter greater than 2 m;

5. High voltage power supplies for ion sources, having all of the following characteristics:

a. Capable of continuous operation;

b. Output voltage of 20,000 V or greater;

c. Output current of 1 A or greater; and

d. Voltage regulation of better than 0.01% over a period of 8 hours;

N.B.: SEE ALSO 3A227.

6. Magnet power supplies (high power, direct current) having all of the following characteristics:

a. Capable of continuous operation with a current output of 500 A or greater at a voltage of 100 V or greater; and

b. Current or voltage regulation better than 0.01% over a period of 8 hours.

N.B.: SEE ALSO 3A226.

0B002 Specially designed or prepared auxiliary systems, equipment and components, as follows, for isotope separation plant specified in 0B001, made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”:

a. Feed autoclaves, ovens or systems used for passing UF6 to the enrichment process;

b. Desublimers or cold traps, used to remove UF6 from the enrichment process for subsequent transfer upon heating;

c. Solidification or liquefaction stations used to remove UF6 from the enrichment process by compressing and converting UF6 to a liquid or solid form;

d. Product or tails stations used for transferring UF6 into containers;

1. Specially designed or prepared vacuum manifolds, vacuum headers and vacuum pumps having a suction capacity of 5 m3 per minute or more; or

2. Vacuum pumps specially designed for use in UF6‑bearing atmospheres made of, or protected by, “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”.

Note: Pumps specified by 0B002.f.2. may be either rotary or positive, may have displacement and fluorocarbon seals, and may have special working fluids present.

g. Specially designed or prepared bellows‑sealed valves, manual or automated, shut‑off or control, made of or protected by, “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”, for installation in main and auxiliary systems of gaseous diffusion enrichment plants.

h. Specially designed or prepared mass spectrometers capable of taking on‑line samples from UF6 gas streams and having all of the following:

1. Capable of measuring ions of 320 atomic mass units or greater and having a resolution of better than 1 part in 320;

2. Ion sources constructed of or protected by nickel, nickel‑copper alloys with a nickel content of 60% or more by weight, or nickel‑chrome alloys;

3. Electron bombardment ionisation sources; and

4. Having a collector system suitable for isotopic analysis.

0B003 Plant for the conversion of uranium and equipment specially designed or prepared therefor, as follows:

a. Systems for the conversion of uranium ore concentrates to UO3;

b. Systems for the conversion of UO3 to UF6;

c. Systems for the conversion of UO3 to UO2;

d. Systems for the conversion of UO2 to UF4;

e. Systems for the conversion of UF4 to UF6;

f. Systems for the conversion of UF4 to uranium metal;

g. Systems for the conversion of UF6 to UO2;

h. Systems for the conversion of UF6 to UF4;

i. Systems for the conversion of UO2 to UCl4.

0B004 Plant for the production or concentration of heavy water, deuterium and deuterium compounds and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor, as follows:

a. Plant for the production of heavy water, deuterium or deuterium compounds, as follows:

1. Water‑hydrogen sulphide exchange plants;

2. Ammonia‑hydrogen exchange plants;

b. Equipment and components, as follows:

1. Water‑hydrogen sulphide exchange towers with diameters 1.5 m or greater and capable of operating at pressures greater than or equal to 2 MPa 300 psi;

2. Single stage, low head (i.e. 0.2 MPa or 30 psi) centrifugal blowers or compressors for hydrogen sulphide gas circulation (i.e. gas containing more than 70% H2S) with a throughput capacity greater than or equal to 56 m3/second (120,000 SCFM) when operating at pressures greater than or equal to 1.8 MPa (260 psi) suction and having seals designed for wet H2S service;

4. Tower internals, including stage contactors, and stage pumps, including those which are submersible, for towers specified by 0B004.b.3;

5. Ammonia crackers with operating pressures greater than or equal to 3 MPa (450 psi) for heavy water production utilising the ammonia‑hydrogen exchange process;

6. Infrared absorption analysers capable of on‑line hydrogen/deuterium ratio analysis where deuterium concentrations are equal to or greater than 90%;

7. Catalytic burners for the conversion of enriched deuterium gas into heavy water utilising the ammonia‑hydrogen exchange process;

8. Complete heavy water upgrade systems, or columns therefor, for the upgrade of heavy water to reactor‑grade deuterium concentration;

9. Ammonia synthesis converters or ammonia synthesis units, in which the synthesis gas (nitrogen and hydrogen) is withdrawn from an ammonia/hydrogen high‑pressure exchange column and the synthesised ammonia is returned to said column.

0B005 Plant for the fabrication of “nuclear reactor” fuel elements and specially designed or prepared equipment therefor.

Note: A plant for the fabrication of “nuclear reactor” fuel elements includes equipment which:

a. Normally comes into direct contact with or directly processes or controls the production flow of nuclear materials;

b. Seals the nuclear materials within the cladding;

c. Checks the integrity of the cladding or the seal;

d. Checks the finish treatment of the sealed fuel; or

e. Is used for assembling reactor fuel elements.

0B006 Plant for the reprocessing of irradiated “nuclear reactor” fuel elements, and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor.

Note: 0B006 includes:

a. Plant for the reprocessing of irradiated “nuclear reactor” fuel elements including equipment and components which normally come into direct contact with and directly control the irradiated fuel and the major nuclear material and fission product processing streams;

c. Dissolvers, i.e. critically safe tanks (e.g. small diameter, annular or slab tanks) specially designed or prepared for use in a reprocessing plant specified by (a) above, intended for the dissolution of irradiated “nuclear reactor” fuel, which are capable of withstanding hot, highly corrosive liquids, and which can be remotely loaded and maintained;

d. Solvent extractors and solvent extraction equipment i.e. specially designed or prepared solvent extractors such as packed or pulse columns, miser settlers or centrifugal contactors for use in a plant for the reprocessing of irradiated fuel. Solvent extractors must be resistant to the corrosive effect of nitric acid. Solvent extractors are normally fabricated to extremely high standards (including special welding and inspection and quality assurance and quality control techniques) out of low carbon stainless steels, titanium, zirconium, or other high quality materials;

e. Chemical holding or storage vessels, i.e. specially designed or prepared holding or storage vessels for use in a plant for the reprocessing of irradiated fuel. The holding or storage vessels must be resistant to the corrosive effects of nitric acid. The holding or storage vessels are normally fabricated of materials such as low carbon stainless steels, titanium or zirconium, or other high quality materials. Holding or storage vessels may be designed for remote operation and maintenance;

Note: Holding or storage vessels may have the following features:

1. Walls or internal structures with a boron equivalent (calculated for all constituent elements as defined in Note 2 to 0C004)of at least two per cent;

2. A maximum diameter of 175 mm (7 in) for cylindrical vessels; or

3. A maximum width of 75 mm (3 in) for either a slab or annular vessel.

f. Neutron measurement systems for process control, i.e. neutron measurement systems specially designed or prepared for the integration and use with automated process control systems in a plant for the reprocessing of irradiated fuel elements.

Note: Note f does not include neutron detection and measurement instruments that are designed for nuclear material accountancy and safeguarding or any other application not related to integration and use with automated process control systems in a plant for the reprocessing of irradiated fuel elements.

0B007 Plant for the conversion of plutonium and equipment specially designed or prepared therefor, as follows:

a. Specially designed or prepared systems for the conversion of plutonium nitrate to oxide;

b. Specially designed or prepared systems for plutonium metal production.

0C Materials

0C003 Deuterium, heavy water (deuterium oxide) or any other deuterium compounds, for use in a “nuclear reactor” specified by 0A001.a, in which the ratio of deuterium to hydrogen atoms exceeds 1:5,000.

0C004 Graphite having a purity level of less than 5 parts per million ‘boron equivalent’ and with a density greater than 1.50 g/cm3 for use in a “nuclear reactor” specified by 0A001.a., in quantities exceeding 1 kilogram.

N.B.: SEE ALSO 1C107

Note 1: For the purpose of export control, the Government will determine whether or not the exports of graphite meeting the above specifications are for “nuclear reactor” use.

Note 2: In 0C004, ‘boron equivalent’ (BE) may be determined experimentally or is calculated as the sum of BEz for impurities (excluding BEcarbon since carbon is not considered an impurity) including boron, where:

BEZ (ppm) = CF x concentration of element Z in ppm;

where CF is the conversion factor:

and sB and sZ are the thermal neutron capture cross sections (in barns) for naturally occurring boron and element Z respectively; and AB and AZ are the atomic masses of naturally occurring boron and element Z respectively.

0C005 Specially prepared compounds or powders for the manufacture of filters specified by 0B001.c.1.

Note: Compounds and powders specified by 0C005 include nickel or alloys containing 60% or more nickel, aluminium oxide, or UF6‑resistant fully fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers have a purity of 99.9% by weight or more, a particle size less than 10 μm, and a high degree of paricle size uniformity, which are specially prepared for the manufacture of gaseous diffusion barriers.

0D Software

0D001 “Software” specially designed or modified for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods specified in this Category.

0E Technology

0E001 “Technology” according to the Nuclear Technology Note for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods specified in this Category.

1A002 “Composite” structures or laminates, having any of the following:

N.B.: SEE ALSO 1A202, 9A010 and 9A110

a. Consisting of an organic “matrix” and materials specified in 1C010.c., 1C010.d. or 1C010.e.; or

b. Consisting of a metal or carbon “matrix”, and any of the following:

1. Carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials” having all of the following:

a. A “specific modulus” exceeding 10.15 x 106 m; and

b. A “specific tensile strength” exceeding 17.7 x 104 m; or

2. Materials specified in 1C010.c.

Note 1: 1A002 does not control composite structures or laminates made from epoxy resin impregnated carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials” for the repair of “civil aircraft” structures or laminates, having all of the following:

a. An area not exceeding 1 m2;

b. A length not exceeding 2.5 m; and

c. A width exceeding 15 mm.

Note 2: 1A002 does not control finished or semi‑finished items, specially designed for purely civilian applications as follows:

a. Sporting goods;

b. Automotive industry;

c. Machine tool industry;

d. Medical applications.

Note 3: 1A002.b.1. does not control finished or semi‑finished items containing a maximum of two dimensions of interwoven filaments and specially designed for applications as follows:

a. Metal heat‑treatment furnaces for tempering metals;

b. Silicon boule production equipment.

Note 4: 1A002 does not control finished items specially designed for a specific application.

1A003 Manufactures of non‑“fusible” aromatic polyimides in film, sheet, tape or ribbon form having any of the following :

‘Trace detection’ is defined as the capability to detect less than 1 ppm vapour, or 1 mg solid or liquid.

Note 1: 1A004.d. does not control equipment specially designed for laboratory use.

Note 2: 1A004.d. does not control non‑contact walk‑through security portals.

Note: 1A004 does not control:

a. Personal radiation monitoring dosimeters;

b. Occupational health or safetyequipment limited by design or function to protect against hazards specific to residential safety or civil industries, including:

1. mining;

2. quarrying;

3. agriculture;

4. pharmaceutical;

5. medical;

6. veterinary;

7. environmental;

8. waste management;

9. food industry.

Technical Notes:

1. 1A004 includes equipment and components that have been identified, successfully tested to national standards or otherwise proven effective, for the detection of or defence against radioactive materials “adapted for use in war”, biological agents “adapted for use in war”, chemical warfare agents, ‘simulants’ or “riot control agents”, even if such equipment or components are used in civil industries such as mining, quarrying, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, medical, veterinary, environmental, waste management, or the food industry.

2. ‘Simulant’: A substance or material that is used in place of toxic agent (chemical or biological) in training, research, testing or evaluation.

1A005 Body armour and components therefor, as follows:

a. Soft body armour not manufactured to military standards or specifications, or to their equivalents, and specially designed components therefor;

b. Hard body armour plates providing ballistic protection equal to or less than level IIIA (NIJ 0101.06, July 2008) or national equivalents.

N.B.1.: For “fibrous or filamentary materials” used in the manufacture of body armour, see 1C010.

N.B.2.: For body armour manufactured to military standards or specifications, see entry ML13.d.

Note 1: 1A005 does not control body armour or protective garments, when accompanying their user for the user’s own personal protection.

Note 2: 1A005 does not control body armour designed to provide frontal protection only from both fragment and blast from non‑military explosive devices.

Note 3: 1A005 does not apply to body armour designed to provide protection only from knife, spike, needle or blunt trauma.

1A006 Equipment, specially designed or modified for the disposal of improvised explosive devices, as follows, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:

N.B.: SEE ALSO MUNITIONS LIST.

a. Remotely operated vehicles;

b. ‘Disruptors’.

Technical Note:

‘Disruptors’ are devices specially designed for the purpose of preventing the operation of an explosive device by projecting a liquid, solid or frangible projectile.

N.B.: For equipment specially designed for military use for the disposal of improvised explosive devices, see also ML4.

Note: 1A006 does not control equipment when accompanying its operator.

1A007 Equipment and devices, specially designed to initiate charges and devices containing energetic materials, by electrical means, as follows:

1. The word initiator or igniter is sometimes used in place of the word detonator.

2. For the purpose of 1A007.b. the detonators of concern all utilise a small electrical conductor (bridge, bridge wire, or foil) that explosively vaporises when a fast, high‑current electrical pulse is passed through it. In non‑slapper types, the exploding conductor starts a chemical detonation in a contacting high explosive material such as PETN (pentaerythritoltetranitrate). In slapper detonators, the explosive vaporisation of the electrical conductor drives a flyer or slapper across a gap, and the impact of the slapper on an explosive starts a chemical detonation. The slapper in some designs is driven by magnetic force. The term exploding foil detonator may refer to either an EB or a slapper‑type detonator.

1A202 Composite structures, other than those specified in 1A002, in the form of tubes and having both of the following characteristics:

N.B.: SEE ALSO 9A010 AND 9A110.

a. An inside diameter of between 75 mm and 400 mm; and

b. Made with any of the “fibrous or filamentary materials” specified in 1C010.a. or b. or 1C210.a. or with carbon prepreg materials specified in 1C210.c.

1A225 Platinised catalysts specially designed or prepared for promoting the hydrogen isotope exchange reaction between hydrogen and water for the recovery of tritium from heavy water or for the production of heavy water.

1A226 Specialised packings which may be used in separating heavy water from ordinary water, having both of the following characteristics:

a. Made of phosphor bronze mesh chemically treated to improve wettability; and

b. Designed to be used in vacuum distillation towers.

1A227 High‑density (lead glass or other) radiation shielding windows, having all of the following characteristics, and specially designed frames therefor:

a. A ‘cold area’ greater than 0.09 m2;

b. A density greater than 3 g/cm3; and

c. A thickness of 100 mm or greater.

Technical Note:

In 1A227 the term ‘cold area’ means the viewing area of the window exposed to the lowest level of radiation in the design application.

1B Test, Inspection and Production Equipment

1B001 Equipment for the production of fibres, prepregs, preforms or “composites”, specified in 1A002 or 1C010, as follows, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:

N.B.: SEE ALSO 1B101 AND 1B201.

a. Filament winding machines of which the motions for positioning, wrapping and winding fibres are coordinated and programmed in three or more axes, specially designed for the manufacture of “composite” structures or laminates, from “fibrous or filamentary materials”;

b. ‘Tape‑laying machines’, of which the motions for positioning and laying tape are coordinated and programmed in five or more ‘primary servo positioning’ axes, specially designed for the manufacture of “composite” airframe or missile structures;

Technical Note:

For the purposes of 1B001.b., ‘tape‑laying machines’ have the ability to lay one or more ‘filament bands’ limited to widths greater than 25 mm and less than or equal to 305 mm, and to cut and restart individual ‘filament band’ courses during the laying process.

For the purposes of 1B001.c., the technique of interlacing includes knitting.

d. Equipment specially designed or adapted for the production of reinforcement fibres, as follows:

1. Equipment for converting polymeric fibres (such as polyacrylonitrile, rayon, pitch or polycarbosilane) into carbon fibres or silicon carbide fibres, including special equipment to strain the fibre during heating;

2. Equipment for the chemical vapour deposition of elements or compounds, on heated filamentary substrates, to manufacture silicon carbide fibres;

3. Equipment for the wet‑spinning of refractory ceramics (such as aluminium oxide);

2. Numerically controlled ultrasonic testing machines of which the motions for positioning transmitters or receivers are simultaneously coordinated and programmed in four or more axes to follow the three dimensional contours of the component under inspection.

g. Tow‑placement machines, of which the motions for positioning and laying tows or sheets are coordinated and programmed in two or more ‘primary servo positioning’ axes, specially designed for the manufacture of “composite” airframe or “missile” structures.

Technical Notes:

1. For the purposes of 1B001., ‘primary servo positioning’ axes control, under computer program direction, the position of the end effector (i.e., head) in space relative to the work piece at the correct orientation and direction to achieve the desired process.

2. For the purposes of 1B001., a ‘filament band’ is a single continuous width of fully or partially resin‑impregnated tape, tow or fibre.

1B002 Equipment for producing metal alloys, metal alloy powder or alloyed materials, specially designed to avoid contamination and specially designed for use in one of the processes specified in 1C002.c.2.

N.B.: SEE ALSO 1B102.

1B003 Tools, dies, moulds or fixtures, for “superplastic forming” or “diffusion bonding” titanium, aluminium or their alloys, specially designed for the manufacture of any of the following:

a. Airframe or aerospace structures;

b. “Aircraft” or aerospace engines; or

c. Specially designed components for structures specified in 1B003.a. or for engines specified in 1B003.b.

1B101 Equipment, other than that specified in 1B001, for the “production” of structural composites as follows; and specially designed components and accessories therefor:

N.B.: SEE ALSO 1B201.

Note: Components and accessories specified in 1B101 include moulds, mandrels, dies, fixtures and tooling for the preform pressing, curing, casting, sintering or bonding of composite structures, laminates and manufactures thereof.

a. Filament winding machines or fibre placement machines, of which the motions for positioning, wrapping and winding fibres can be coordinated and programmed in three or more axes, designed to fabricate composite structures or laminates from fibrous or filamentary materials, and coordinating and programming controls;

b. Tape‑laying machines of which the motions for positioning and laying tape and sheets can be coordinated and programmed in two or more axes, designed for the manufacture of composite airframe and “missile” structures;

c. Equipment designed or modified for the “production” of “fibrous or filamentary materials” as follows:

1. Equipment for converting polymeric fibres (such as polyacrylonitrile, rayon or polycarbosilane) including special provision to strain the fibre during heating;

2. Equipment for the vapour deposition of elements or compounds on heated filament substrates;

3. Equipment for the wet‑spinning of refractory ceramics (such as aluminium oxide);

d. Equipment designed or modified for special fibre surface treatment or for producing prepregs and preforms specified in entry 9C110.

1B102 Metal powder “production equipment”, other than that specified in 1B002, and components as follows:

N.B.: SEE ALSO 1B115.b.

a. Metal powder “production equipment” usable for the “production”, in a controlled environment, of spherical, spheroidal or atomised materials specified in 1C011.a., 1C011.b., 1C111.a.1., 1C111.a.2. or in the Munitions List;

b. Specially designed components for “production equipment” specified in 1B002 or 1B102.a.

Note: 1B102 includes:

a. Plasma generators (high frequency arc‑jet) usable for obtaining sputtered or spherical metallic powders with organisation of the process in an argon‑water environment;

b. Electroburst equipment usable for obtaining sputtered or spherical metallic powders with organisation of the process in an argon‑water environment;

c. Equipment usable for the “production” of spherical aluminium powders by powdering a melt in an inert medium (e.g. nitrogen).

1B115 Equipment, other than that specified in 1B002 or 1B102, for the production of propellant and propellant constituents, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:

a. “Production equipment” for the “production”, handling or acceptance testing of liquid propellants or propellant constituents specified in 1C011.a., 1C011.b., 1C111 or in the Munitions List;

Note: 1B115.b. does not control batch mixers, continuous mixers or fluid energy mills. For the control of batch mixers, continuous mixers and fluid energy mills see 1B117, 1B118 and 1B119.

Note 1: For equipment specially designed for the production of military goods, see the Munitions List.

Note 2: 1B115 does not control equipment for the “production”, handling and acceptance testing of boron carbide.

1B116 Specially designed nozzles for producing pyrolitically derived materials formed on a mould, mandrel or other substrate from precursor gases which decompose in the 1,573 K (1,300oC) to 3,173 K (2,900oC) temperature range at pressures of 130 Pa to 20 kPa.

1B117 Batch mixers with provision for mixing under vacuum in the range of zero to 13.326 kPa and with temperature control capability of the mixing chamber and having all of the following, and specially designed components therefor:

a. A total volumetric capacity of 110 litres or more; and

b. At least one ‘mixing/kneading shaft’ mounted off centre.

Technical Note:

In 1B117.b, the term ‘mixing/kneading shaft’ does not refer to deagglomerators or knife‑spindles.

1B118 Continuous mixers with provision for mixing under vacuum in the range of zero to 13.326 kPa and with a temperature control capability of the mixing chamber having any of the following, and specially designed components therefor:

a. Two or more mixing/kneading shafts; or

b. A single rotating shaft which oscillates and having kneading teeth/pins on the shaft as well as inside the casing of the mixing chamber.

1B119 Fluid energy mills usable for grinding or milling substances specified in 1C011.a., 1C011.b., 1C111 or in the Munitions List, and specially designed components therefor.

1B201 Filament winding machines, other than those specified in 1B001 or 1B101, and related equipment, as follows:

a. Filament winding machines having all of the following characteristics:

1. Having motions for positioning, wrapping, and winding fibres coordinated and programmed in two or more axes;

2. Specially designed to fabricate composite structures or laminates from “fibrous or filamentary materials”; and

3. Capable of winding cylindrical tubes with an internal diameter between 75 and 650 mm and lengths of 300 mm or greater;

b. Coordinating and programming controls for the filament winding machines specified in 1B201.a.;

‘Internal contactors’ of the columns are segmented trays which have an effective assembled diameter of 1.8 m or greater, are designed to facilitate countercurrent contacting and are constructed of stainless steels with a carbon content of 0.03% or less. These may be sieve trays, valve trays, bubble cap trays, or turbogrid trays.

1B230 Pumps capable of circulating solutions of concentrated or dilute potassium amide catalyst in liquid ammonia (KNH2/NH3), having all of the following characteristics:

a. Airtight (i.e., hermetically sealed);

b. A capacity greater than 8.5 m3/h; and

c. Either of the following characteristics:

1. For concentrated potassium amide solutions (1% or greater), an operating pressure of 1.5 to 60 MPa; or

b. Absorbers having no magnetic loss and whose incident surface is non‑planar in shape, including pyramids, cones, wedges and convoluted surfaces;

c. Planar absorbers, having all of the following:

1. Made from any of the following:

a. Plastic foam materials (flexible or non‑flexible) with carbon‑loading, or organic materials, including binders, providing more than 5% echo compared with metal over a bandwidth exceeding ±15% of the centre frequency of the incident energy, and not capable of withstanding temperatures exceeding 450 K (177°C); or

b. Ceramic materials providing more than 20% echo compared with metal over a bandwidth exceeding ±15% of the centre frequency of the incident energy, and not capable of withstanding temperatures exceeding 800 K (527°C);

Technical Note:

Absorption test samples for 1C001.a. Note: 1.c.1. should be a square at least 5 wavelengths of the centre frequency on a side and positioned in the far field of the radiating element.

2. Tensile strength less than 7 x 106 N/m2; and

3. Compressive strength less than 14 x 106 N/m2;

d. Planar absorbers made of sintered ferrite, having all of the following:

b. Materials for absorbing frequencies exceeding 1.5 x 1014 Hz but less than 3.7 x 1014 Hz and not transparent to visible light;

Note: 1C001.b. does not apply to materials, specially designed or formulated for any of the following applications:

a. Laser marking of polymers; or

b. Laser welding of polymers.

c. Intrinsically conductive polymeric materials with a ‘bulk electrical conductivity’ exceeding 10,000 S/m (Siemens per metre) or a ‘sheet (surface) resistivity’ of less than 100 ohms/square, based on any of the following polymers:

1. Polyaniline;

2. Polypyrrole;

3. Polythiophene;

4. Poly phenylene‑vinylene; or

5. Poly thienylene‑vinylene.

Technical Note:

‘Bulk electrical conductivity’ and ‘sheet (surface) resistivity’ should be determined using ASTM D‑257 or national equivalents.

1. The metal alloys in 1C002 are those containing a higher percentage by weight of the stated metal than of any other element.

2. ‘Stress‑rupture life’ should be measured in accordance with ASTM standard E‑139 or national equivalents.

3. ‘Low cycle fatigue life’ should be measured in accordance with ASTM Standard E‑606 ‘Recommended Practice for Constant‑Amplitude Low‑Cycle Fatigue Testing’ or national equivalents. Testing should be axial with an average stress ratio equal to 1 and a stress‑concentration factor (Kt) equal to 1. The average stress is defined as maximum stress minus minimum stress divided by maximum stress.

a. Aluminides, as follows:

1. Nickel aluminides containing a minimum of 15 % by weight aluminium, a maximum of 38 % by weight aluminium and at least one additional alloying element;

2. Titanium aluminides containing 10 % by weight or more aluminium and at least one additional alloying element;

b. Metal alloys, as follows, made from the powder or particulate material specified in 1C002.c.:

1. Nickel alloys having any of the following:

a. A ‘stress‑rupture life’ of 10,000 hours or longer at 923 K (650°C) at a stress of 676MPa; or

b. A ‘low cycle fatigue life’ of 10,000 cycles or more at 823 K (550° C) at a maximum stress of 1,095 MPa;

2. Niobium alloys having any of the following:

a. A ‘stress‑rupture life’ of 10,000 hours or longer at 1,073 K (800°C) at a stress of 400 MPa; or

b. A ‘low cycle fatigue life’ of 10,000 cycles or more at 973 K (700°C) at a maximum stress of 700 MPa;

3. Titanium alloys having any of the following:

a. A ‘stress‑rupture life’ of 10,000 hours or longer at 723 K (450°C) at a stress of 200 MPa; or

b. A ‘low cycle fatigue life’ of 10,000 cycles or more at 723 K (450°C) at a maximum stress of 400 MPa;

4. Aluminium alloys having any of the following:

a. A tensile strength of 240 MPa or more at 473 K (200°C); or

b. A tensile strength of 415 MPa or more at 298 K (25°C);

5. Magnesium alloys having all of the following:

a. A tensile strength of 345 MPa or more; and

b. A corrosion rate of less than 1 mm/year in 3% sodium chloride aqueous solution measured in accordance with ASTM standard G‑31 or national equivalents;

c. Metal alloy powder or particulate material, having all of the following:

2. Remainingin the “superconductive” state at a temperature of 4.2 K (‑268.96°C) when exposed to a magnetic field oriented in any direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of conductor and corresponding to a magnetic induction of 12 T with critical current density exceeding 1,750 A/mm2 on overall cross‑section of the conductor;

a. Base materials of single or complex borides of titanium, having total metallic impurities, excluding intentional additions, of less than 5,000 ppm, an average particle size equal to or less than 5 µm and no more than 10% of the particles larger than 10 µm;

b. Non‑“composite” ceramic materials in crude or semi‑fabricated form, composed of borides of titanium with a density of 98% or more of the theoretical density;

Note: 1C007.b. does not control abrasives.

c. Ceramic‑ceramic “composite” materials with a glass or oxide‑“matrix” and reinforced with fibres having all of the following:

1. Made from any of the following materials:

a. Si‑N;

b. Si‑C;

c. Si‑Al‑O‑N; or

d. Si‑O‑N; and

2. Having a “specific tensile strength” exceeding 12.7 x 103m;

d. Ceramic‑ceramic “composite” materials, with or without a continuous metallic phase, incorporating particles, whiskers or fibres, where carbides or nitrides of silicon, zirconium or boron form the “matrix”;

e. Precursor materials (i.e., special purpose polymeric or metallo‑organic materials) for producing any phase or phases of the materials specified in 1C007.c., as follows:

f. Ceramic‑ceramic “composite” materials with an oxide or glass “matrix” reinforced with continuous fibres from anyof the following systems:

1. Al2O3; or

2. Si‑C‑N.

Note: 1C007.f. does not control “composites” containing fibres from these systems with a fibre tensile strength of less than 700 MPa at 1,273 K (1,000°C) or fibre tensile creep resistance of more than 1% creep strain at 100 MPa load and 1,273 K (1,000°C) for 100 hours.

b. Thermoplastic liquid crystal copolymers having a heat distortion temperature exceeding 523 K (250°C) measured according to ISO 75‑2 (2004), method A or national equivalents, with a load of 1.80 N/mm2 and composed of:

1. The ‘glass transition temperature (Tg)’ for 1C008.a.2. thermoplastic materials and 1C008.a.4. materials is determined using the method described in ISO 11357‑2 (1999) or national equivalents.

2. The ‘glass transition temperature (Tg)’ for 1C008.a.2. thermosetting materials and 1C008.a.3. materials is determined using the 3‑point bend method described in ASTM D 7028‑07 or equivalent national standard. The test is to be performed using a dry test specimen which has attained a minimum of 90% degree of cure as specified by ASTM E 2160‑04 or equivalent national standard, and was cured using the combination of standard‑ and post‑cure processes that yield the highest Tg.

1C009 Unprocessed fluorinated compounds as follows:

a. Copolymers of vinylidene fluoride having 75% or more beta crystalline structure without stretching;

1. For the purpose of calculating “specific tensile strength”, “specific modulus” or specific weight of “fibrous or filamentary materials” in 1.C.10.a., 1.C.10.b., 1.C.10.c. or 1.C.10.e.1.b., the tensile strength and modulus should be determined by using Method A described in ISO 10618 (2004) or national equivalent.

2. Assessing the “specific tensile strength”, “specific modulus” or specific weight of non‑unidirectional “fibrous or filamentary materials” (e.g., fabrics, random mats or braids) in 1.C.10. is to be based on the mechanical properties of the constituent unidirectional monofilaments (e.g., monofilaments, yarns, rovings or tows) prior to processing into the non‑unidirectional “fibrous or filamentary materials”.

a. Organic “fibrous or filamentary materials”, having all of the following:

1. A “specific modulus” exceeding 12.7 x 106 m; and

2. A “specific tensile strength” exceeding 23.5 x 104 m;

Note: 1C010.a. does not control polyethylene.

b. Carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials”, having all of the following:

1. “Specific modulus” exceeding 14.65 x 106 m; and

2. “Specific tensile strength” exceeding 26.82 x 104 m;

Note: 1C010.b. does not control:

a. “Fibrous or filamentary materials”, for the repair of “civil aircraft” structures or laminates, having all of the following:

c. Inorganic “fibrous or filamentary materials”, having all of the following:

1. A “specific modulus” exceeding 2.54 x 106 m; and

2. A melting, softening, decomposition or sublimation point exceeding 1,922 K (1,649°C) in an inert environment;

Note: 1C010.c. does not control:

a. Discontinuous, multiphase, polycrystalline alumina fibres in chopped fibre or random mat form, containing 3 % by weight or more silica, with a “specific modulus” of less than 10 x 106 m;

b. Molybdenum and molybdenum alloy fibres;

c. Boron fibres;

d. Discontinuous ceramic fibres with a melting, softening, decomposition or sublimation point lower than 2,043 K (1,770°C) in an inert environment.

d. “Fibrous or filamentary materials”, having any of the following:

1. Composed of any of the following:

a. Polyetherimides specified in 1C008.a.; or

b. Materials specified in 1C008.b. to 1C008.f.; or

2. Composed of materials specified in 1C010.d.1.a. or 1C010.d.1.b. and “commingled” with other fibres specified in 1C010.a., 1C010.b. or 1C010.c.;

e. Fully or partially resin‑impregnated or pitch‑impregnated “fibrous or filamentary materials” (prepregs), metal or carbon‑coated “fibrous or filamentary materials” (preforms) or “carbon fibre preforms”, having all of the following:

1. Having any of the following:

a. Inorganic “fibrous or filamentary materials” specified in 1C010.c.; or

b. Organic or carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials”, having all of the following:

c. ‘Dynamic Mechanical Analysis glass transition temperature (DMA Tg)’ equal to or exceeding 505 K (232ºC) and having a resin or pitch, not specified in 1C008 or 1C009.b., and not being a phenolic resin;

Note 1: Metal or carbon‑coated “fibrous or filamentary materials” (preforms) or carbon fibre preforms, not impregnated with resin or pitch, are specified by “fibrous or filamentary materials” in 1C010.a., 1C010.b. or 1C010.c.

Note 2: 1C010.e. does not control:

a. Epoxy resin “matrix” impregnated carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials” (prepregs) for the repair of “civil aircraft” structures or laminates, having all the following:

1. An area not exceeding 1 m2;

2. A length not exceeding 2.5 m; and

3. A width exceeding 15 mm.

b. Fully or partially resin‑impregnated or pitch‑impregnated mechanically chopped, milled or cut carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials” 25.0 mm or less in length when using a resin or pitch other than those specified by 1C008. or 1C009.b.

Technical Note:

The ‘Dynamic Mechanical Analysis glass transition temperature (DMA Tg)’ for materials specified by 1C010.e. is determined using the method described in ASTM D 7028–07, or equivalent national standard, on a dry test specimen. In the case of thermoset materials, degree of cure of a dry test specimen shall be a minimum of 90% as defined by ASTM E 2160–04 or equivalent national standard.

1C011 Metals and compounds, as follows:

N.B.: SEE ALSO MUNITIONS LIST and 1C111.

a. Metals in particle sizes of less than 60 µm whether spherical, atomised, spheroidal, flaked or ground, manufactured from material consisting of 99% or more of zirconium, magnesium and alloys thereof;

Technical Note:

The natural content of hafnium in the zirconium (typically 2% to 7%) is counted with the zirconium.

Note: The metals or alloys specified in 1C011.a.are controlled whether or not the metals or alloys are encapsulated in aluminium, magnesium, zirconium or beryllium.

b. Boron or boron alloys, with a particle size of 60 µm or less, as follows:

1. Boron with a purity of 85% by weight or more;

2. Boron alloys with a boron content of 85% by weight or more;

Note: The metals or alloys specified in 1C011.b. are controlled whether or not the metals or alloys are encapsulated in aluminium, magnesium, zirconium or beryllium.

c. Guanidine nitrate;

d. Nitroguanidine (NQ) (CAS 556‑88‑7).

N.B.: SEE ALSO MUNITIONS LIST CONTROLS FOR METAL POWDERS MIXED WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES TO FORM A MIXTURE FORMULATED FOR MILITARY PURPOSES.

1C012 Materials as follows:

Technical Note:

These materials are typically used for nuclear heat sources.

a. Plutonium in any form with a plutonium isotopic assay of plutonium‑238 ofmore than 50% by weight;

Note: 1C012.a. does not control:

a. Shipments with a plutonium content of 1 g or less;

b. Shipments of 3“effective grammes” or less when contained in a sensing component in instruments.

b. “Previously separated” neptunium‑237 in any form.

Note: 1C012.b. does not control shipments with a neptunium‑237 content of 1 g or less.

1C101 Materials and devices for reduced observables such as radar reflectivity, ultraviolet/infrared signatures and acoustic signatures, other than those specified in 1C001, usable in ‘missiles’, ‘missile’ subsystems or unmanned aerial vehicles specified in 9A012.

1C107 Graphite and ceramic materials, other than those specified in 1C007, as follows:

a. Fine grain graphites with a bulk density of 1.72 g/cm3 or greater, measured at 288 K (15°C), and having a grain size of 100 µm or less, usable for rocket nozzles and re‑entry vehicle nose tips, which can be machined to any of the following products:

1. Cylinders having a diameter of 120 mm or greater and a length of 50 mm or greater;

2. Tubes having an inner diameter of 65 mm or greater and a wall thickness of 25 mm or greater and a length of 50 mm or greater; or

c. Ceramic composite materials (dielectric constant less than 6 at any frequency from 100 MHz to 100 GHz) for use in radomes usable in “missiles”, space launch vehicles specified in 9A004 or sounding rockets specified in 9A104;

1C111 Propellants and constituent chemicals for propellants, other than those specified in 1C011, as follows:

a. Propulsive substances:

1. Spherical or spheroidal aluminium powder, other than that specified in the Munitions List, in particle size of less than 200 µm and an aluminium content of 97% by weight or more, if at least 10% of the total weight is made up of particles of less than 63 µm, according to ISO 2591:1988 or national equivalents;

2. Metal powders, other than that specified in the Munitions List, with at least 90% of the total particles by particle volume or weight made up of particles of less than 60 µm (determined by measurement techniques such as using a sieve, laser diffraction or optical scanning), whether spherical, atomised, spheroidal, flaked or ground, consisting of any of the following:

a. Zirconium (CAS 7440‑67‑7) or zirconium alloys consisting of 97% by weight or more of zirconium;

b. Beryllium (CAS 7440‑41‑7) or beryllium alloys consisting of 97% by weight or more of beryllium;

c. Magnesium (CAS 7439‑95‑4) magnesium alloys consisting of 97% by weight or more of magnesium; or

d. Boron (CAS 7440‑42‑8) or boron alloys consisting of 85% by weight or more of boron;

Note: In a multimodal particle distribution (e.g. mixtures of different grain sizes) in which one or more modes are controlled, the entire powder mixture is controlled.

Technical Note:

The natural content of hafnium in the zirconium (typically 2% to 7%) is counted with the zirconium.

Mixed Oxides of Nitrogen (MON) are solutions of Nitric Oxide (NO) in Dinitrogen Tetroxide/Nitrogen Dioxide (N2O4/NO2 ) that can be used in missile systems. There are a range of compositions that can be denoted as MONi or MONij, where i and j are integers representing the percentage of Nitric Oxide in the mixture (e.g., MON3 contains 3% Nitric Oxide, MON25 25% Nitric Oxide. An upper limit is MON40, 40% by weight).

e. SEE MUNITIONS LIST FOR Inhibited Red Fuming Nitric Acid (IRFNA);

f. SEE MUNITIONS LIST AND 1C238 FOR Compounds composed of fluorine and one or more of other halogens, oxygen or nitrogen;

Note: 1C111.a.5.b. does not control fossil refined fuels and biofuels produced from vegetables, including fuels for engines certified for use in civil aviation, unless specially formulated for ‘missiles’ or unmanned aerial vehicles specified in 9A012.

o. Other ferrocene derivatives usable as rocket propellant burning rate modifiers, other than those specified in the Military Goods Controls.

Note: 1C111.c.6.o. does not control ferrocene derivatives that contain a six carbon aromatic functional group attached to the ferrocene molecule.

7. 4,5 diazidomethyl‑2‑methyl‑1,2,3‑triazole (iso‑ DAMTR) , other than that specified in the Munitions List.

Note: For propellants and constituent chemicals for propellants not specified in 1C111, see the Munitions List.

1C116 Maraging steels having an ultimate tensile strength of 1,500 MPa or greater, measured at 293 K (20°C), in the form of sheet, plate or tubing with a wall or plate thickness equal to or less than 5 mm.

N.B.: SEE ALSO 1C216.

Technical Note:

Maraging steels are iron alloys generally characterised by high nickel, very low carbon content and the use of substitutional elements or precipitates to produce strengthening and age‑hardening of the alloy.

1C117 Materials for the fabrication of ‘missile’ components as follows:

a. Tungsten and alloys in particulate form with a tungsten content of 97% by weight or more and a particle size of 50 x 10‑6 m (50 µm) or less;

b. Molybdenum and alloys in particulate form with a molybdenum content of 97% by weight or more and a particle size of 50 x 10‑6 m (50 µm) or less;

c. Tungsten materials in solid form having all of the following:

1. Any of the following material compositions:

a. Tungsten and alloys containing 97% by weight or more of tungsten;

b. Copper infiltrated tungsten containing 80% by weight or more of tungsten; or

c. Silver infiltrated tungsten containing 80% by weight or more of tungsten; and

2. Able to be machined to any of the following products:

a. Cylinders having a diameter of 120 mm or greater and a length of 50 mm or greater;

b. Tubes having an inner diameter of 65 mm or greater and a wall thickness of 25 mm or greater and a length of 50 mm or greater; or

3. A ferritic‑austenitic microstructure (also referred to as a two‑phase microstructure) of which at least 10 percent is austenite by volume (according to ASTM E‑1181‑87 or national equivalents); and

b. Having any of the following forms:

1. Ingots or bars having a size of 100 mm or more in each dimension;

2. Sheets having a width of 600 mm or more and a thickness of 3 mm or less; or

3. Tubes having an outer diameter of 600 mm or more and a wall thickness of 3 mm or less.

1C202 Alloys, other than those specified in 1C002.b.3. or .b.4., as follows:

a. Aluminium alloys having both of the following characteristics:

1. ‘Capable of’ an ultimate tensile strength of 460 MPa or more at 293 K (20°C); and

2. In the form of tubes or cylindrical solid forms (including forgings) with an outside diameter of more than 75 mm;

b. Titanium alloys having both of the following characteristics:

1. ‘Capable of’ an ultimate tensile strength of 900 MPa or more at 293 K (20°C); and

2. In the form of tubes or cylindrical solid forms (including forgings) with an outside diameter of more than 75 mm.

Technical Note:

The phrase alloys ‘capable of’ encompasses alloys before or after heat treatment.

1C210 ‘Fibrous or filamentary materials’ or prepregs, other than those specified in 1C010.a., b. or e., as follows:

a. Carbon or aramid ‘fibrous or filamentary materials’ having either of the following characteristics:

1. A “specific modulus” of 12.7 x 106 m or greater; or

2. A “specific tensile strength” of 235 x 103 m or greater;

Note: 1C210.a. does not control aramid ‘fibrous or filamentary materials’ having 0.25 percent or more by weight of an ester based fibre surface modifier.

b. Glass ‘fibrous or filamentary materials’ having both of the following characteristics:

1. A “specific modulus” of 3.18 x 106 m or greater; and

2. A “specific tensile strength” of 76.2 x 103 m or greater;

c. Thermoset resin impregnated continuous “yarns”, “rovings”, “tows” or “tapes” with a width of 15 mm or less (prepregs), made from carbon or glass ‘fibrous or filamentary materials’ specified in 1C210.a. or b.

1C225 Boron enriched in the boron‑10 (10B) isotope to greater than its natural isotopic abundance, as follows: elemental boron, compounds, mixtures containing boron, manufactures thereof, waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.

The natural isotopic abundance of boron‑10 is approximately 18.5 weight per cent (20 atom per cent).

1C226 Tungsten, tungsten carbide, and alloys containing more than 90% tungsten by weight, having both of the following characteristics:

a. In forms with a hollow cylindrical symmetry (including cylinder segments) with an inside diameter between 100 mm and 300 mm; and

b. A mass greater than 20 kg.

Note: 1C226 does not control manufactures specially designed as weights or gamma‑ray collimators.

1C227 Calcium having both of the following characteristics:

a. Containing less than 1,000 parts per million by weight of metallic impurities other than magnesium; and

b. Containing less than 10 parts per million by weight of boron.

1C228 Magnesium having both of the following characteristics:

a. Containing less than 200 parts per million by weight of metallic impurities other than calcium; and

b. Containing less than 10 parts per million by weight of boron.

1C229 Bismuth having both of the following characteristics:

a. A purity of 99.99% or greater by weight; and

b. Containing less than 10 ppm (parts per million) by weight of silver.

1C230 Beryllium metal, alloys containing more than 50% beryllium by weight, beryllium compounds, manufactures thereof, and waste or scrap of any of the foregoing, other than that specified in the Munitions List controls.

N.B.: SEE ALSO MUNITIONS LIST CONTROLS.

1C231 Hafnium metal, alloys containing more than 60% hafnium by weight, hafnium compounds containing more than 60% hafnium by weight, manufactures thereof, and waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.

1C232 Helium‑3 (3He), mixtures containing helium‑3, and products or devices containing any of the foregoing.

Note: 1C232 does not control a product or device containing less than 1 g of helium‑3.

1C233 Lithium enriched in the lithium‑6 (6Li) isotope to greater than its natural isotopic abundance, and products or devices containing enriched lithium, as follows: elemental lithium, alloys, compounds, mixtures containing lithium, manufactures thereof, waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.

Note: 1C233 does not control thermoluminescent dosimeters.

Technical Note:

The natural isotopic abundance of lithium‑6 is approximately 6.5 weight per cent (7.5 atom per cent).

1C234 Zirconium with a hafnium content of less than 1 part hafnium to 500 parts zirconium by weight, as follows: metal, alloys containing more than 50% zirconium by weight, compounds, manufactures thereof, waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.

Note: 1C234 does not control zirconium in the form of foil having a thickness of 0.10 mm or less.

1C235 Tritium, tritium compounds, mixtures containing tritium in which the ratio of tritium to hydrogen atoms exceeds 1 part in 1000, and products or devices containing any of the foregoing.

Note: 1C235 does not control a product or device containing less than 1.48 x 103 GBq (40 Ci) of tritium.

b. A product or device containing less than 0.37 GBq (10 millicuries) of radium‑226.

1C238 Chlorine trifluoride (ClF3).

1C239 High explosives, other than those specified in the Munitions List, or substances or mixtures containing more than 2% by weight thereof, with a crystal density greater than 1.8 g/cm3 and having a detonation velocity greater than 8,000 m/s.

1C240 Nickel powder and porous nickel metal, other than those specified in 0C005, as follows:

a. Nickel powder having both of the following characteristics:

1. A nickel purity content of 99.0% or greater by weight; and

2. A mean particle size of less than 10 micrometres measured by American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) B330 standard;

b. Porous nickel metal produced from materials specified in 1C240.a.

Note: 1C240 does not control the following:

a. Filamentary nickel powders;

b. Single porous nickel sheets with an area of 1,000 cm2 per sheet or less.

Technical Note:

1C240.b. refers to porous metal formed by compacting and sintering the materials in 1C240.a. to form a metal material with fine pores interconnected throughout the structure.

N.B.: SEE 0C005 FOR NICKEL POWDERS SPECIALLY PREPARED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GASEOUS DIFFUSION BARRIERS

1C241 Rhenium, and alloys containing 90% by weight or more rhenium; and alloys of rhenium and tungsten containing 90% by weight or more of any combination of rhenium and tungsten, having both of the following characteristics:

a. In forms with a hollow cylindrical symmetry (including cylinder segments) with an inside diameter between 100 and 300 mm; and

b. A mass greater than 20kg.

1C350 Chemicals, which may be used as precursors for toxic chemical agents, as follows, and “chemical mixtures” containing one or more thereof:

Note 1: For exports to “States not Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, 1C350 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C350.1, .3, .5, .11, .12, .13, .17, .18, .21, .22, .26, .27, .28, .31, .32, .33, .34, .35, .36, .54, .55, .56, .57 and .63 in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 10% by the weight of the mixture.

Note 2: For exports to “States Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, 1C350 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C350.1, .3, .5, .11, .12, .13, .17, .18, .21, .22, .26, .27, .28, .31, .32, .33, .34, .35, .36, .54, .55, .56, .57 and .63 in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 30% by the weight of the mixture.

Note 4: 1C350 does not control products identified as consumer goods packaged for retail sale for personal use or packaged for individual use.

1C351 Human pathogens, zoonoses and “toxins”, as follows:

a. Viruses, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:

c. Bacteria, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:

Note 2: 1C351.d. does not control botulinum toxins or conotoxins in product form meeting all of the following criteria:

a. Are pharmaceutical formulations designed for human administration in the treatment of medical conditions;

b. Are pre‑packaged for distribution as medical products;

c. Are authorised by a state authority to be marketed as medical products.

e. Fungi, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:

1. Coccidioides immitis;

2. Coccidioides posadasii.

Note: 1C351 does not control “vaccines” or “immunotoxins”.

1C352 Animal pathogens, as follows:

a. Viruses, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:

1. Type A viruses with an IVPI (intravenous pathogenicity index) in 6 week old chickens of greater than 1.2; or

2. Type A viruses of the subtypes H5 or H7 with genome sequences codified for multiple basic amino acids at the cleavage site of the haemagglutinin molecule similar to that observed for other HPAI viruses, indicating that the haemagglutinin molecule can be cleaved by a host ubiquitous protease;

3. Bluetongue virus;

4. Foot and mouth disease virus;

5. Goat pox virus;

6. Herpes virus (Aujeszky’s disease);

7. Swine fever virus (Hog cholera virus);

8. Rabies virus and all other members of the Lyssavirus genus;

9. Newcastle disease virus;

10. Peste des petits ruminants virus;

11. Porcine enterovirus type 9 (swine vesicular disease virus);

12. Rinderpest virus;

13. Sheep pox virus;

14. Teschen disease virus;

15. Vesicular stomatitis virus;

16. Lumpy skin disease virus;

17. African horse sickness virus;

b. Mycoplasmas, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:

2. Nucleic acid sequences associated with the pathogenicity of any of the micro‑organisms specified in 1C351.a., 1C351.c., 1C351.e., 1C352 or 1C354 means any sequence specific to the specified micro‑organism that:

a. In itself or through its transcribed or translated products represents a significant hazard to human, animal or plant health; or

b. Is known to enhance the ability of a specified micro‑organism, or any other organism into which it may be inserted or otherwise integrated, to cause serious harm to humans, animals or plant health.

Note: 1C353 does not apply to nucleic acid sequences associated with the pathogenicity of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli, serotype O157 and other verotoxin producing strains, other than those coding for the verotoxin, or for its sub‑units.

1C354 Plant pathogens, as follows:

a. Viruses, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:

1. Potato Andean latent tymovirus;

2. Potato spindle tuber viroid;

b. Bacteria, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:

Note 1: For exports to “States not Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, 1C450 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C450.a.1. and .a.2. in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 1% by the weight of the mixture.

Note 2: For exports to “States Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, 1C450 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C450.a.1. and .a.2. in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 30% by the weight of the mixture.

Note 3: 1C450 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C450.a.4., .a.5., .a.6. and .a.7. in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 30% by the weight of the mixture.

Note 4: 1C450 does not control products identified as consumer goods packaged for retail sale for personal use or packaged for individual use.

b. Toxic chemical precursors, as follows:

1. Chemicals, other than those specified in the Munitions List or in 1C350, containing a phosphorus atom to which is bonded one methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso) group but not further carbon atoms;

Note: 1C450.b.1 does not control Fonofos: O‑Ethyl S‑phenyl ethylphosphonothiolothionate (944‑22‑9).

3. Dialkyl [methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso)] N,N‑dialkyl [methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso)]‑phosphoramidates, other than Diethyl‑N,N‑dimethylphosphoramidate which is specified in 1C350;

4. N,N‑Dialkyl [methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso)] aminoethyl‑2‑chlorides and corresponding protonated salts, other than N,N‑Diisopropyl‑(beta)‑aminoethyl chloride or N,N‑Diisopropyl‑(beta)‑aminoethyl chloride hydrochloride which are specified in 1C350;

5. N,N‑Dialkyl [methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso)] aminoethane‑2‑ols and corresponding protonated salts, other than N,N‑Diisopropyl‑(beta)‑aminoethanol (96‑80‑0) and N,N‑Diethylaminoethanol (100‑37‑8) which are specified in 1C350;

6. N,N‑Dialkyl [methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso)] aminoethane‑2‑thiols and corresponding protonated salts, other than N,N‑Diisopropyl‑(beta)‑aminoethane thiol which is specified in 1C350;

7. See 1C350 for ethyldiethanolamine (139‑87‑7);

8. Methyldiethanolamine (105‑59‑9).

Note 1: For exports to “States not Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, 1C450 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C450.b.1., .b.2., .b.3., .b.4., .b.5. and .b.6. in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 10% by the weight of the mixture.

Note 2: For exports to “States Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, 1C450 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C450.b.1., .b.2., .b.3., .b.4., .b.5. and .b.6. in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 30% by the weight of the mixture.

Note 3: 1C450 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entry 1C450.b.8. in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 30% by the weight of the mixture.

Note 4: 1C450 does not control products identified as consumer goods packaged for retail sale for personal use or packaged for individual use.

1D Software

1D001 “Software” specially designed or modified for the “development”, “production” or “use” of equipment specified in 1B001 to 1B003.

1D002 “Software” for the “development” of organic “matrix”, metal “matrix” or carbon “matrix” laminates or “composites”.

1D003 “Software” specially designed or modified to enable equipment to perform the functions of equipment specified in 1A004.c. or 1A004.d.

1D101 “Software” specially designed or modified for the operation or maintenance of goods specified in 1B101, 1B102, 1B115, 1B117, 1B118 or 1B119.

1D103 “Software” specially designed for analysis of reduced observables such as radar reflectivity, ultraviolet/infrared signatures and acoustic signatures.

1D201 “Software” specially designed for the “use” of goods specified in 1B201.

1E Technology

1E001 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “development” or “production” of equipment or materials specified in 1A001.b., 1A001.c., 1A002 to 1A005, 1A006.b., 1A007, 1B or 1C.

1E002 Other “technology” as follows:

a. “Technology” for the “development” or “production” of polybenzothiazoles or polybenzoxazoles;

b. “Technology” for the “development” or “production” of fluoroelastomer compounds containing at least one vinylether monomer;

c. “Technology” for the design or “production” of the following base materials or non‑“composite” ceramic materials:

1. Base materials having all of the following:

a. Any of the following compositions:

1. Single or complex oxides of zirconium and complex oxides of silicon or aluminium;

2. Single nitrides of boron (cubic crystalline forms);

3. Single or complex carbides of silicon or boron; or

4. Single or complex nitrides of silicon;

b. Any of the following total metallic impurities (excluding intentional additions):

1. Less than 1,000 ppm for single oxides or carbides; or

2. Less than 5,000 ppm for complex compounds or single nitrides; and

c. Being any of the following:

1. Zirconia with an average particle size equal to or less than 1 µm and no more than 10% of the particles larger than 5 µm;

2. Other base materials with an average particle size equal to or less than 5 µm and no more than 10% of the particles larger than 10 µm; or

3. Having all of the following:

a. Platelets with a length to thickness ratio exceeding 5;

b. Whiskers with a length to diameter ratio exceeding 10 for diameters less than 2 µm; and

Note: 1E002.c.2. does not control “technology” for the design or production of abrasives.

d. “Technology” for the “production” of aromatic polyamide fibres;

e. “Technology” for the installation, maintenance or repair of materials specified in 1C001;

f. “Technology” for the repair of “composite” structures, laminates or materials specified in 1A002, 1C007.c. or 1C007.d.;

Note: 1E002.f. does not control “technology” for the repair of “civil aircraft” structures using carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials” and epoxy resins, contained in aircraft manufacturers’ manuals.

g. ‘Libraries (parametric technical databases)’ specially designed or modified to enable equipment to perform the functions of equipment specified in 1A004.c. or 1A004.d.

Technical Note:

For the purpose of 1E002.g., ‘library (parametric technical database)’ means a collection of technical information, reference to which may enhance the performance of relevant equipment or systems.

1E101 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “use” of goods specified in 1A102, 1B001, 1B101, 1B102, 1B115 to 1B119, 1C001, 1C101, 1C107, 1C111 to 1C118, 1D101 or 1D103.

1E102 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “development” of “software” specified in 1D001, 1D101 or 1D103.

1E103 “Technology” for the regulation of temperature, pressure or atmosphere in autoclaves or hydroclaves, when used for the “production” of “composites” or partially processed “composites”.

1E104 “Technology” relating to the “production” of pyrolytically derived materials formed on a mould, mandrel or other substrate from precursor gases which decompose in the 1,573 K (1,300°C) to 3,173 K (2,900°C) temperature range at pressures of 130 Pa to 20 kPa.

Note: 1E104 includes “technology” for the composition of precursor gases, flow‑rates and process control schedules and parameters.

1E201 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “use” of goods specified in 1A002, 1A007, 1A202, 1A225 to 1A227, 1B201, 1B225 to 1B233, 1C002.b.3. or .b.4., 1C010.b., 1C202, 1C210, 1C216, 1C225 to 1C241 or 1D201.

1E202 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “development” or “production” of goods specified in 1A007, 1A202 or 1A225 to 1A227.

1E203 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “development” of “software” specified in 1D201.

Note: 2A001does not control balls with tolerances specified by the manufacturer in accordance with ISO 3290 as grade 5 or worse.

a. Ball bearings and solid roller bearings, having all tolerances specified by the manufacturer in accordance with ISO 492 Tolerance Class 4 (or national equivalents), or better, and having both rings and rolling elements (ISO 5593), made from monel or beryllium;

2A101 Radial ball bearings, other than those specified in 2A001, having all tolerances specified in accordance with ISO 492 Tolerance Class 2 (or ANSI/ABMA Std 20 Tolerance Class ABEC–9 or other national equivalents), or better and having all the following characteristics:

a. An inner ring bore diameter between 12 mm and 50 mm;

b. An outer ring bore diameter between 25 mm and 100 mm; and

c. A width between 10 mm and 20 mm.

2A225Crucibles made of materials resistant to liquid actinide metals, as follows:

a. Crucibles having both of the following characteristics:

1. A volume of between 150 cm3 (150 ml) and 8,000 cm3 (8 litres); and

2. Made of or coated with any of the following materials, or combination of the following materials, having an overall impurity level of 2% or less by weight:

c. Wholly made of or lined with aluminium, aluminium alloy, nickel, or nickel alloy containing more than 60% nickel by weight.

Technical Note:

For valves with different inlet and outlet diameters, the ‘nominal size’ in 2A226 refers to the smallest diameter.

2B Test, Inspection and Production Equipment

Technical Notes:

1. Secondary parallel contouring axes, (e.g., the w‑axis on horizontal boring mills or a secondary rotary axis the centre line of which is parallel to the primary rotary axis) are not counted in the total number of contouring axes. Rotary axes need not rotate over 360°. A rotary axis can be driven by a linear device(e.g., a screw or a rack‑and‑pinion).

2. For the purposes of 2B, the number of axes which can be co‑ordinated simultaneously for “contouring control” is the number of axes along or around which, during processing of the workpiece, simultaneous and interrelated motions are performed between the workpiece and a tool. This does not include any additional axes along or around which other relative movement within the machine are performed such as:

a. Wheel‑dressing systems in grinding machines;

b. Parallel rotary axes designed for mounting of separate workpieces;

c. Co‑linear rotary axes designed for manipulating the same workpiece by holding it in a chuck from different ends.

3. Axis nomenclature shall be in accordance with International Standard ISO 841, ‘Numerical Control Machines — Axis and Motion Nomenclature’.

4. For the purposes of 2B001 to 2B009 a “tilting spindle” is counted as a rotary axis.

5. ‘Stated positioning accuracy’ derived from measurements made according to ISO 230/2 (2006) or national equivalents may be used for each machine tool model as an alternative to individual machine tests. ‘Stated positioning accuracy’ means the accuracy value provided to the competent authorities of the Member State in which the exporter is established as representative of the accuracy of a specific machine model.

Determination of ‘stated positioning accuracy’:

a. Select five machines of a model to be evaluated;

b. Measure the linear axis accuracies according to ISO 230/2 (2006);

c. Determine the A‑values for each axis of each machine. The method of calculating the A‑value is described in the ISO standard;

d. Determine the mean value of the A‑value of each axis. This mean value Â becomes the stated value of each axis for the model (Âx Ây...);

e. Since the Category 2 list refers to each linear axis there will be as many stated values as there are linear axes;

f. If any axis of a machine model not specified by 2B001.a. to 2B001.c. has a stated accuracy Â equal to or less than the specified positioning accuracy of each machine tool model plus 2 µm, the builder should be required to reaffirm the accuracy level once every eighteen months.

6. For the purposes of 2B, measurement uncertainty for the positioning accuracy of machine tools, as defined in the International Standard ISO 230/2 (2006) or national equivalents, shall not be considered.

2B001 Machine tools and any combination thereof, for removing (or cutting) metals, ceramics or “composites”, which, according to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with electronic devices for “numerical control”, as follows:

N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B201.

Note 1: 2B001 does not control special purpose machine tools limited to the manufacture of gears. For such machines see 2B003.

Note 2: 2B001 does not control special purpose machine tools limited to the manufacture of any of the following:

a. Crankshafts or camshafts;

b. Tools or cutters;

c. Extruder worms; or

d. Engraved or facetted jewellery parts.

e. Dental prostheses.

Note 3: A machine tool having at least two of the three turning, milling or grinding capabilities (e.g., a turning machine with milling capability), must be evaluated against each applicable entry 2B001.a., b. or c.

N.B.: For optical finishing machines, see 2B002.

a. Machine tools for turning having all of the following:

1. Positioning accuracy with “all compensations available” equal to or less (better) than 3 µm according to ISO 230/2 (2006) or national equivalents along one or more linear axis; and

2. Two or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”;

Note: 2B001.a. does not control turning machines specially designed for producing contact lenses, having all of the following:

a. Machine controller limited to using ophthalmic based software for part programming data input; and

b. No vacuum chucking.

b. Machine tools for milling having any ofthe following:

1. Having all of the following:

a. Positioning accuracy with “all compensations available” equal to or less (better) than 3 µm according to ISO 230/2 (2006) or national equivalents along one or more linear axis; and

b. Three linear axes plus one rotary axis which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”;

2. Five or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control” having any of the following:

a. Positioning accuracy with “all compensations available” equal to or less (better) than 3.0 µm according to ISO 230/2 (2006) or national equivalents along one or more linear axis with a travel length less than 1 m;

b. Positioning accuracy with “all compensations available” equal to or less (better) than 4.5 µm according to ISO 230/2 (2006) or national equivalents along one or more linear axis with a travel length equal to or greater than 1 m and less than 2 m;

c. Positioning accuracy with “all compensations available” equal to or less (better) than 4.5 + 7x(L‑2) µm (L is the travel length in meters) according to ISO 230/2 (2006) or national equivalents along one or more linear axis with a travel length equal to or greater than 2 m; or

d. Being a ‘parallel mechanism machine tool’;

Technical Note:

A ‘parallel mechanism machine tool’ is a machine tool having multiple rods which are linked with a platform and actuators; each of the actuators operates the respective rod simultaneously and independently.

3. A positioning accuracy for jig boring machines, with “all compensations available”, equal to or less (better) than 3 µm according to ISO 230/2 (2006) or national equivalents along one or more linear axis; or

4. Fly cutting machines having all of the following:

a. Spindle “run‑out” and “camming” less (better) than 0.0004 mm TIR; and

b. Angular deviation of slide movement (yaw, pitch and roll) less (better) than 2 seconds of arc, TIR over 300 mm of travel;

c. Machine tools for grinding having any ofthe following:

1. Having all of the following:

a. Positioning accuracy with “all compensations available” equal to or less (better) than 3 µm according to ISO 230/2 (2006) or national equivalents along one or more linear axis; and

b. Three or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”; or

2. Five or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”;

Note: 2B001.c. does not control grinding machine as follows:

a. Cylindrical external, internal, and external‑internal grinding machines, having all of the following:

b. Machines designed specifically as jig grinders that do not have a z‑axis or a w‑axis, with a positioning accuracy with “all compensations available” less (better) than 3 µm according to ISO 230/2 (2006) or national equivalents.

c. Surface grinders.

d. Electrical discharge machines (EDM) of the non‑wire type which have two or more rotary axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”;

e. Machine tools for removing metals, ceramics or “composites”, having all of the following:

1. Removing material by means of any of the following:

a. Water or other liquid jets, including those employing abrasive additives;

4. ‘Inflatable membrane tool finishing’ is a process that uses a pressurised membrane that deforms to contact the workpiece over a small area.

5. ‘Fluid jet finishing’ makes use of a fluid stream for material removal.

2B003 “Numerically controlled” or manual machine tools, and specially designed components, controls and accessories therefor, specially designed for the shaving, finishing, grinding or honing of hardened (Rc = 40 or more) spur, helical and double‑helical gears with a pitch diameter exceeding 1,250 mm and a face width of 15% of pitch diameter or larger finished to a quality of AGMA 14 or better (equivalent to ISO 1328 class 3).

2B004 Hot “isostatic presses” having all of the following, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:

N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B104 and 2B204.

a. A controlled thermal environment within the closed cavity and a chamber cavity with an inside diameter of 406 mm or more; and

b. Having any of the following:

1. A maximum working pressure exceeding 207 MPa;

2. A controlled thermal environment exceeding 1,773 K (1,500°C); or

3. A facility for hydrocarbon impregnation and removal of resultant gaseous degradation products.

Technical Note:

The inside chamber dimension is that of the chamber in which both the working temperature and the working pressure are achieved and does not include fixtures. That dimension will be the smaller of either the inside diameter of the pressure chamber or the inside diameter of the insulated furnace chamber, depending on which of the two chambers is located inside the other.

N.B.: For specially designed dies, moulds and tooling see 1B003, 9B009 and the Munitions List.

2B005 Equipment specially designed for the deposition, processing and in‑process control of inorganic overlays, coatings and surface modifications, as follows, for non‑electronic substrates, by processes shown in the Table and associated Notes following 2E003.f., and specially designed automated handling, positioning, manipulation and control components therefor:

a. Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) production equipment having all of the following:

N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B105.

1. A process modified for one of the following:

a. Pulsating CVD;

b. Controlled nucleation thermal deposition (CNTD); or

c. Plasma enhanced or plasma assisted CVD; and

2. Having any of the following:

a. Incorporating high vacuum (equal to or less than 0.01 Pa) rotating seals; or

b. Incorporating in situ coating thickness control;

b. Ion implantation production equipment having beam currents of 5 mA or more;

c. Electron beam physical vapour deposition (EB‑PVD) production equipment incorporating power systems rated for over 80 kW and having any of the following:

1. A liquid pool level “laser” control system which regulates precisely the ingots feed rate; or

2. A computer controlled rate monitor operating on the principle of photo‑luminescence of the ionised atoms in the evaporant stream to control the deposition rate of a coating containing two or more elements;

d. Plasma spraying production equipment having any of the following:

1. Operating at reduced pressure controlled atmosphere (equal to or less than 10 kPa measured above and within 300 mm of the gun nozzle exit) in a vacuum chamber capable of evacuation down to 0.01 Pa prior to the spraying process; or

2. Incorporating in situ coating thickness control;

e. Sputter deposition production equipment capable of current densities of 0.1 mA/mm2 or higher at a deposition rate of 15 µm/h or more;

f. Cathodic arc deposition production equipment incorporating a grid of electromagnets for steering control of the arc spot on the cathode;

g. Ion plating production equipment allowing for the in situ measurement of any of the following:

a. Computer controlled or “numerically controlled” Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM), having a three dimensional (volumetric) maximum permissible error of length measurement (E0,MPE) at any point within the operating range of the machine (i.e. within the length of axes) equal to or less (better) than (1.7 + L/1,000) µm (where L is the measured length in mm), according to ISO 10360–2 (2009);

Technical Note:

The E0,MPE of the most accurate configuration of the CMM specified by the manufacturer (e.g. best of the following: probe, stylus length, motion parameters, environment) and with “all compensations available” shall be compared to the 1.7+L/1,000 µm threshold.

b. Linear and angular displacement measuring instruments, as follows:

1. ‘Linear displacement’ measuring instruments having any of the following:

Note: Displacement measuring “laser” interferometers are only specified by 2B006.b.1.c.

Technical Note:

For the purpose of 2B006.b.1. ‘linear displacement’ means the change of distance between the measuring probe and the measured object.

a. Non‑contact type measuring systems with a “resolution” equal to or less (better) than 0.2 µm within a measuring range up to 0.2 mm;

b. Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) systems having all of the following:

1. Having any of the following:

a. “Linearity” equal to or less (better) than 0.1% measured from 0 to the ‘full operating range’, for LVDTs with a ‘full operating range’ up to and including ± 5 mm; or

b. “Linearity” equal to or less (better) than 0.1% measured from 0 to 5 mm for LVDTs with a ‘full operating range’ greater than ± 5 mm; and

2. Drift equal to or less (better) than 0.1% per day at a standard ambient test room temperature ±1 K;

Technical Note:

For the purposes of 2B006.b.1.b., ‘full operating range’ is half of the total possible linear displacement of the LVDT. For example, LVDTs with a ‘full operating range’ up to and including ± 5 mm can measure a total possible linear displacement of 10 mm.

c. Measuring systems having all of the following:

1. Containing a “laser”; and

2. Maintaining, for at least 12 hours, at a temperature of 20±1°C, all of the following:

a. A “resolution” over their full scale of 0.1 µm or less (better); and

b. Capable of achieving a “measurement uncertainty” equal to or less (better) than (0.2 + L/2,000) µm (L is the measured length in mm) at any point within a measuring range, when compensated for the refractive index of air; or

Note: 2B006.b.1. does not control measuring interferometer systems, with an automatic control system that is designed to use no feedback techniques, containing a “laser” to measure slide movement errors of machine‑tools, dimensional inspection machines or similar equipment.

2. Angular displacement measuring instruments having an angular position “accuracy” equal to or less (better) than 0.00025°;

Note: 2B006.b.2. does not control optical instruments, such as autocollimators, using collimated light (e.g., laser light) to detect angular displacement of a mirror.

c. Equipment for measuring surface roughness (including surface defects), by measuring optical scatter with a sensitivity of 0.5 nm or less (better).

Note: 2B006. includes machine tools, other than those specified by 2B001., that can be used as measuring machines if they meet or exceed the criteria specified for the measuring machine function.

2B007 “Robots” having any of the following characteristics and specially designed controllers and “end‑effectors” therefor:

N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B207.

a. Capable in real time of full three‑dimensional image processing or full three‑dimensional ‘scene analysis’ to generate or modify “programs” or to generate or modify numerical program data;

Technical Note:

The ‘scene analysis’ limitation does not include approximation of the third dimension by viewing at a given angle, or limited grey scale interpretation for the perception of depth or texture for the approved tasks (2 1/2 D).

b. Specially designed to comply with national safety standards applicable to potentially explosive munitions environments;

Note: 2B007.b. does not control “robots” specially designed for paint‑spraying booths.

c. Specially designed or rated as radiation‑hardened to withstand a total radiation dose greater than 5 x 103 Gy (silicon) without operational degradation; or

Technical Note:

The term Gy(silicon) refers to the energy in Joules per kilogram absorbed by an unshielded silicon sample when exposed to ionising radiation.

d. Specially designed to operate at altitudes exceeding 30,000 m.

2B008 Assemblies or units,specially designed for machine tools, or dimensional inspection or measuring systems and equipment, as follows:

Note: 2B008.a. and 2B008.b. apply to units, which are designed to determine the positioning information for feedback control, such as inductive type devices, graduated scales, infrared systems or “laser” systems.

c. “Compound rotary tables” and “tilting spindles”, capable of upgrading, according to the manufacturer’s specifications, machine tools to or above the levels specified in 2B.

2B009 Spin‑forming machines and flow‑forming machines, which, according to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with “numerical control” units or a computer control and having all of the following:

N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B109 AND 2B209.

a. Two or more controlled axes of which at least two can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”; and

b. A roller force more than 60 kN.

Technical Note:

For the purpose of 2B009, machines combining the function of spin‑forming and flow‑forming are regarded as flow‑forming machines.

2B104 “Isostatic presses”, other than those specified in 2B004, having all of the following:

N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B204.

a. Maximum working pressure of 69 MPa or greater;

b. Designed to achieve and maintain a controlled thermal environment of 873 K (600°C) or greater; and

c. Possessing a chamber cavity with an inside diameter of 254 mm or greater.

2B105 Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) furnaces, other than those specified in 2B005.a., designed or modified for the densification of carbon‑carbon composites.

2B109 Flow‑forming machines, other than those specified in 2B009, and specially designed components as follows:

N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B209.

a. Flow‑forming machines having all of the following:

1. According to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with “numerical control” units or a computer control, even when not equipped with such units; and

2. With more than two axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”;

b. Specially designed components for flow‑forming machines specified in 2B009 or 2B109.a.

Note: 2B109 does not control machines that are not usable in the production of propulsion components and equipment (e.g. motor cases) for systems specified in 9A005, 9A007.a. or 9A105.a.

Technical Note:

Machines combining the function of spin‑forming and flow‑forming are for the purpose of 2B109 regarded as flow‑forming machines.

a. Vibration test systems employing feedback or closed loop techniques and incorporating a digital controller, capable of vibrating a system at an acceleration equal to or greater than 10 g rms between 20 Hz and 2 kHz while imparting forces equal to or greater than 50 kN, measured ‘bare table’;

b. Digital controllers, combined with specially designed vibration test software, with a ‘real‑time control bandwidth’ greater than 5 kHz designed for use with vibration test systems specified in 2B116.a.;

Technical Note:

In 2B116.b., ‘real‑time control bandwidth’ means the maximum rate at which a controller can execute complete cycles of sampling, processing data and transmitting control signals.

c. Vibration thrusters (shaker units), with or without associated amplifiers, capable of imparting a force equal to or greater than 50 kN, measured ‘bare table’, and usable in vibration test systems specified in 2B116.a.;

d. Test piece support structures and electronic units designed to combine multiple shaker units in a system capable of providing an effective combined force equal to or greater than 50 kN, measured ‘bare table’, and usable in vibration systems specified in 2B116.a.

Technical Note:

In 2B116, ‘bare table’ means a flat table, or surface, with no fixture or fittings.

2B117 Equipment and process controls, other than those specified in 2B004, 2B005.a., 2B104 or 2B105, designed or modified for densification and pyrolysis of structural composite rocket nozzles and reentry vehicle nose tips.

2B119 Balancing machines and related equipment, as follows:

N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B219.

a. Balancing machines having all the following characteristics:

1. Not capable of balancing rotors/assemblies having a mass greater than 3 kg;

Note: Centrifuges specified in 2B122 remain controlled whether or not slip rings or integrated non‑contact devices are fitted at time of export.

2B201 Machine tools and any combination thereof, other than those specified in 2B001, as follows, for removing or cutting metals, ceramics or “composites”, which, according to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with electronic devices for simultaneous “contouring control” in two or more axes:

a. Machine tools for milling, having any of the following characteristics:

1. Positioning accuracies with “all compensations available” equal to or less (better) than 6 µm according to ISO 230/2 (1988) or national equivalents along any linear axis; or

2. Two or more contouring rotary axes;

Note: 2B201.a. does not control milling machines having the following characteristics:

a. X‑axis travel greater than 2 m; and

b. Overall positioning accuracy on the x‑axis more (worse) than 30 µm.

b. Machine tools for grinding, having any of the following characteristics:

1. Positioning accuracies with “all compensations available” equal to or less (better) than 4 µm according to ISO 230/2 (1988) or national equivalents along any linear axis; or

2. Two or more contouring rotary axes.

Note: 2B201.b. does not control the following grinding machines:

a. Cylindrical external, internal, and external‑internal grinding machines having all of the following characteristics:

1. Limited to a maximum workpiece capacity of 150 mm outside diameter or length; and

2. Axes limited to x, z and c;

b. Jig grinders that do not have a z‑axis or a w‑axis with an overall positioning accuracy less (better) than 4 µm according to ISO 230/2 (1988) or national equivalents.

Note 1: 2B201 does not control special purpose machine tools limited to the manufacture of any of the following parts:

a. Gears;

b. Crankshafts or camshafts;

c. Tools or cutters;

d. Extruder worms.

Note 2: A machine tool having at least two of the three turning, milling or grinding capabilities (e.g., a turning machine with milling capability), must be evaluated against each applicable entry 2B001.a. or 2B201.a. or b.

2B204 “Isostatic presses”, other than those specified in 2B004 or 2B104, and related equipment, as follows:

a. “Isostatic presses” having both of the following characteristics:

1. Capable of achieving a maximum working pressure of 69 MPa or greater; and

2. A chamber cavity with an inside diameter in excess of 152 mm;

b. Dies, moulds and controls, specially designed for “isostatic presses” specified in 2B204.a.

Technical Note:

In 2B204 the inside chamber dimension is that of the chamber in which both the working temperature and the working pressure are achieved and does not include fixtures. That dimension will be the smaller of either the inside diameter of the pressure chamber or the inside diameter of the insulated furnace chamber, depending on which of the two chambers is located inside the other.

2B206 Dimensional inspection machines, instruments or systems, other than those specified in 2B006, as follows:

a. Computer controlled or “numerically controlled” Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM) having either of the following characteristics:

1. Having only two axes and having a maximum permissible error of length measurement along any axis (one dimensional), identified as any combination of E0x MPE, E0y MPE or E0z MPE, equal to or less (better) than (1.25 + L/1000) μm (where L is the measured length in mm) at any point within the operating range of the machine (i.e., within the length of the axis), according to ISO 10360‑2(2009); or

2. Three or more axes and having a three dimensional (volumetric) maximum permissible error of length measurement (E0,MPE) equal to or less (better) than (1.7 + L/800) µm (where L is the measured length in mm) at any point within the operating range of the machine (i.e. within the length of the axis), according to ISO 10360–2(2009);

Technical Note:

The E0,MPE of the most accurate configuration of the CMM specified according to ISO 10360‑2(2009) by the manufacturer (e.g., best of the following: probe, stylus length, motion parameters, environment) and with all compensations available shall be compared to the 1.7 + L/ 800 μm threshold.

b. Linear displacement measuring instruments, as follows:

1. Non‑contact type measuring systems with a “resolution” equal to or better (less) than 0.2 μm within a measuring range up to 0.2 mm;

2. Linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) systems having both of the following characteristics:

a. Having any of the following:

1. “Linearity” equal to or less (better) than 0.1% measured from 0 to the full operating range, for LVDTs with an operating range up to 5 mm; or

2. “Linearity” equal to or less (better) than 0.1% measured from 0 to 5 mm, for LVDTs with an operating range greater than 5 mm; and

b. Drift equal to or better (less) than 0.1% per day at a standard ambient test room temperature ± 1 K;

3. Measuring systems having both of the following characteristics:

a. Contain a laser; and

b. Maintain for at least 12 hours, over a temperature range of ± 1 K around a standard temperature and a standard pressure:

1. A “resolution” over their full scale of 0.1 μm or better; and

2. With a “measurement uncertainty” equal to or better (less) than (0.2 + L/2000) μm (L is the measured length in millimeters);

Note: Item 2B206.b.3. does not control measuring interferometer systems, without closed or open loop feedback, containing a laser to measure slide movement errors of machine tools, dimensional inspection machines, or similar equipment.

Technical Note:

In Item 2B206.b. ‘linear displacement’ means the change of distance between the measuring probe and the measured object.

c. Angular displacement measuring instruments having an “angular position deviation” equal to or better (less) than 0.00025°;

Note: Item 2B206.c. does not control optical instruments, such as autocollimators, using collimated light (e.g., laser light) to detect angular displacement of a mirror.

d. Systems for simultaneous linear‑angular inspection of hemishells, having both of the following characteristics:

1. “Measurement uncertainty” along any linear axis equal to or less (better) than 3.5 µm per 5 mm; and

2. “Angular position deviation” equal to or less than 0.02°.

Note 1: Machine tools that can be used as measuring machines are controlled if they meet or exceed the criteria specified for the machine tool function or the measuring machine function.

Note 2: A machine specified in 2B206 is controlled if it exceeds the control threshold anywhere within its operating range.

Technical Note:

All parameters of measurement values in 2B206 represent plus/minus i.e. not total band.

2B207 “Robots”, “end‑effectors” and control units, other than those specified in 2B007, as follows:

a. “Robots” or “end‑effectors” specially designed to comply with national safety standards applicable to handling high explosives (for example, meeting electrical code ratings for high explosives);

b. Control units specially designed for any of the “robots” or “end‑effectors” specified in 2B207.a.

2B209 Flow forming machines, spin forming machines capable of flow forming functions, other than those specified in 2B009 or 2B109, and mandrels, as follows:

a. Machines having both of the following characteristics:

1. Three or more rollers (active or guiding); and

2. Which, according to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with “numerical control” units or a computer control;

b. Rotor‑forming mandrels designed to form cylindrical rotors of inside diameter between 75 mm and 400 mm.

Note: 2B209.a. includes machines which have only a single roller designed to deform metal plus two auxiliary rollers which support the mandrel, but do not participate directly in the deformation process.

b. Rotor straightening equipment for alignment of gas centrifuge rotor tube sections to a common axis;

Technical Note:

In 2B228.b. such equipment normally consists of precision measuring probes linked to a computer that subsequently controls the action of, for example, pneumatic rams used for aligning the rotor tube sections.

4. Made of high‑strength aluminium alloys, maraging steel or high strength “fibrous or filamentary materials”.

2B230 All types of “pressure transducers” capable of measuring absolute pressures and having all of the following characteristics:

a. Pressure sensing elements made of or protected by aluminium, aluminium alloy, aluminium oxide (alumina or sapphire), nickel, nickel alloy with more than 60% nickel by weight or fully fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers;

b. Seals, if any, essential for sealing the pressure sensing element, and in direct contact with the process medium, made of or protected by aluminium, aluminium alloy, aluminium oxide (alumina or sapphire), nickel, nickel alloy with more than 60% nickel by weight, or fully fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers; and

c. Having either of the following characteristics:

1. A full scale of less than 13 kPa and an ‘accuracy’ of better than ± 1% of full‑scale; or

2. A full scale of 13 kPa or greater and an ‘accuracy’ of better than ± 130 Pa when measuring at 13 kPa.

Technical Note:

For the purposes of 2B230, ‘accuracy’ includes non‑linearity, hysteresis and repeatability at ambient temperature.

2B231 Vacuum pumps having all of the following characteristics:

a. Input throat size equal to or greater than 380 mm;

b. Pumping speed equal to or greater than 15 m3/s; and

c. Capable of producing an ultimate vacuum better than 13 mPa.

Technical Notes:

1. The pumping speed is determined at the measurement point with nitrogen gas or air.

2. The ultimate vacuum is determined at the input of the pump with the input of the pump blocked off.

Note: This item does not control guns specially designed for high velocity weapon systems.

2B233 Bellows‑sealed scroll‑type compressors and bellows‑sealed scroll‑type vacuum pumps having all of the following characteristics:

a. Capable of an inlet volume flow rate of 50 m3/h or greater;

b. Capable of a pressure ratio of 2:1 or greater; and

c. Having all surfaces that come in contact with the process gas made from any of the following materials:

1. Aluminium or aluminium alloy;

2. Aluminium oxide;

3. Stainless steel;

4. Nickel or nickel alloy;

5. Phosphor bronze; or

6. Fluoropolymers.

Technical Notes:

1. In a scroll compressor or vacuum pump, crescent‑shaped pockets of gas are trapped between one or more pairs of intermeshed spiral vanes, or scrolls, one of which moves while the other remains stationary. The moving scroll orbits the stationary scroll; it does not rotate. As the moving scroll orbits the stationary scroll, the gas pockets diminish in size (i.e., they are compressed) as they move toward the outlet port of the machine.

2. In a bellows‑sealed scroll compressor or vacuum pump, the process gas is totally isolated from the lubricated parts of the pump and from the external atmosphere by a metal bellows. One end of the bellows is attached to the moving scroll and the other end is attached to the stationary housing of the pump.

3. Fluoropolymers include, but are not limited to, the following materials:

a. Reaction vessels or reactors, with or without agitators, with total internal (geometric) volume greater than 0.1 m3 (100 litres) and less than 20 m3 (20,000 litres), where all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials:

1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;

2. Fluoropolymers;

3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coating or glass lining);

4. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;

5. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;

6. Titanium or titanium alloys;

7. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or

8. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;

b. Agitators designed for use in reaction vessels or reactors specified in 2B350.a.; and impellers, blades or shafts designed for such agitators: where all surfaces of the agitator that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials:

1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;

2. Fluoropolymers;

3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);

4. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;

5. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;

6. Titanium or titanium alloys;

7. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or

8. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;

c. Storage tanks, containers or receivers with a total internal (geometric) volume greater than 0.1 m3 (100 litres) where all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials:

1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;

2. Fluoropolymers;

3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);

4. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;

5. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;

6. Titanium or titanium alloys;

7. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or

8. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;

d. Heat exchangers or condensers with a heat transfer surface area greater than 0.15 m2, and less than 20 m2; and tubes, plates, coils or blocks (cores) designed for such heat exchangers or condensers, where all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed are made from any of the following materials:

1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;

2. Fluoropolymers;

3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);

4. Graphite or ‘carbon graphite’;

5. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;

6. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;

7. Titanium or titanium alloys;

8. Zirconium or zirconium alloys;

9. Silicon carbide;

10. Titanium carbide; or

11. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;

e. Distillation or absorption columns of internal diameter greater than 0.1 m; and liquid distributors, vapour distributors or liquid collectors designed for such distillation or absorption columns, where all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed are made from any of the following materials:

1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;

2. Fluoropolymers;

3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);

4. Graphite or ‘carbon graphite’;

5. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;

6. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;

7. Titanium or titanium alloys;

8. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or

9. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;

f. Remotely operated filling equipment in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed are made from any of the following materials:

1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight; or

2. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;

g. Valves with nominal sizes greater than 10 mm and casings (valve bodies) or preformed casing liners designed for such valves, in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials:

1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;

2. Fluoropolymers;

3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);

4. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;

5. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;

6. Titanium or titanium alloys;

7. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or

8. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;

9. Ceramic materials as follows:

a. Silicon carbide with purity of 80% or more by weight;

b. Aluminium oxide (alumina) with purity of 99.9% or more by weight;

c. Zirconium oxide (zirconia);

h. Multi‑walled piping incorporating a leak detection port, in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials:

1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;

2. Fluoropolymers;

3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);

4. Graphite or ‘carbon graphite’;

5. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;

6. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;

7. Titanium or titanium alloys;

8. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or

9. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;

i. Multiple‑seal and seal‑less pumps, with manufacturer’s specified maximum flow‑rate greater than 0.6 m3/hour, or vacuum pumps with manufacturer’s specified maximum flow‑rate greater than 5 m3/hour (under standard temperature (273 K (0oC)) and pressure (101.3 kPa) conditions); and casings (pump bodies), preformed casing liners, impellers, rotors or jet pump nozzles designed for such pumps, in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed are made from any of the following materials:

1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;

2. Ceramics;

3. Ferrosilicon;

4. Fluoropolymers;

5. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);

6. Graphite or ‘carbon graphite’;

7. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;

8. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;

9. Titanium or titanium alloys;

10. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or

11. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;

j. Incinerators designed to destroy chemicals specified in 1C350, having specially designed waste supply systems, special handling facilities and an average combustion chamber temperature greater than 1,273 K (1,000oC), in which all surfaces in the waste supply system that come into direct contact with the waste products are made from or lined with any of the following materials:

1. ‘Alloys’ with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;

2. Ceramics; or

3. Nickel or ‘alloys’ with more than 40% nickel by weight.

Technical Note:

1. ‘Carbon graphite’ is a composition consisting of amorphous carbon and graphite, in which the graphite content is eight percent or more by weight.

2. For the listed materials in the above entries, the term ‘alloy’ when not accompanied by a specific elemental concentration is understood as identifying those alloys where the identified metal is present in a higher percentage by weight than any other element.

2B351 Toxic gas monitoring systems and their dedicated detecting components, other than those specified in 1A004, as follows, and detectors, sensor devices, and replaceable sensor cartridges therefor:

a. Designed for continuous operation and usable for the detection of chemical warfare agents or chemicals specified in 1C350, at concentrations of less than 0.3 mg/m3; or

b. Designed for the detection of cholinesterase‑inhibiting activity.

2B352 Equipment capable of use in handling biological materials, as follows:

1. Fermenters capable of cultivation of pathogenic “microorganisms” or of live cells for the production of pathogenic viruses or toxins, without the propagation of aerosols, having a total capacity of 20 litres or more;

2. Components designed for fermenters specified by 2B352.b.1., as follows:

a. Cultivation chambers designed to be sterilized or disinfected in situ;

1. Cross (tangential) flow filtration equipment capable of separation of pathogenic micro‑organisms, viruses, toxins or cell cultures, without the propagation of aerosols, having all of the following characteristics:

a. A total filtration area equal to or greater than 1 m2; and

b. Having any of the following characteristics:

1. Capable of being sterilised or disinfected in‑situ; or

2. Using disposable or single‑use filtration components;

Technical Note:

In 2B352.d.1.b. sterlised denotes the elimination of all viable microbes from the equipment through the use of either physical (e.g. steam) or chemical agents. Disinfected denotes the destruction of potential microbial infectivity in the equipment through the use of chemical agents with a germicidal effect. Disinfection and sterilisation are distinct from sanitisation, the latter referring to cleaning procedures designed to lower the microbial content of equipment without necessarily achieving elimination of all microbial infectivity or viability.

2. Cross (tangential) flow filtration components (e.g. modules, elements, cassettes, cartridges, units or plates) with filtration area equal to or greater than 0.2 m2 for each component and designed for use in cross (tangential) flow filtration equipment specified in 2B352.d.;

Note: 2B352.d. does not control reverse osmosis equipment, as specified by the manufacturer.

e. Steam sterilisable freeze drying equipment with a condenser capacity exceeding 10 kg of ice in 24 hours and less than 1,000 kg of ice in 24 hours;

f. Protective and containment equipment, as follows:

1. Protective full or half suits, or hoods dependent upon a tethered external air supply and operating under positive pressure;

Note: 2B352.f.1. does not control suits designed to be worn with self‑contained breathing apparatus.

g. Chambers designed for aerosol challenge testing with “microorganisms”, viruses or “toxins” and having a capacity of 1 m3 or greater.

h. Spray drying equipment capable of drying toxins or pathogenic microorganisms having all of the following characteristics:

1. A water evaporation capacity of ≥ 0.4 kg/h and ≤ 400 kg/h;

2. The ability to generate a typical mean product particle size of ≤10 micrometers with existing fittings or by minimal modification of the spray‑dryer with atomization nozzles enabling generation of the required particle size; and

3. Capable of being sterilized or disinfected in situ.

2C Materials

None.

2D Software

2D001 “Software”, other than that specified in 2D002, as follows:

a. “Software” specially designed or modified for the “development” or “production” of equipment specified in 2A or 2B.

b. “Software” specially designed or modified for the “use” of equipment specified by 2A001.c, 2B001, or 2B003 to 2B009.

Note: 2D001. does not apply to part programming “software” that generates “numerical control” codes for machining various parts.

2D002 “Software” for electronic devices, even when residing in an electronic device or system, enabling such devices or systems to function as a “numerical control” unit, capable of co‑ordinating simultaneously more than four axes for “contouring control”.

Note 1:2D002does not control “software” specially designed or modified for the operation of items not specified in Category 2.

Note 2:2D002 does not control “software” for items specified in 2B002. See 2D001 and 2D003 for “software” for items specified in 2B002.

Note 3: 2D002. does not apply to “software” that is exported with, and the minimum necessary for the operation of, items not specified by Category 2.

2D003. “Software”, designed or modified for the operation of equipment specified by 2B002., that converts optical design, workpiece measurements and material removal functions into “numerical control” commands to achieve the desired workpiece form.

2D101 “Software” specially designed or modified for the “use” of equipment specified in 2B104, 2B105, 2B109, 2B116, 2B117 or 2B119 to 2B122.

N.B.: SEE ALSO 9D004.

2D201 “Software” specially designed for the “use” of equipment specified in 2B204, 2B206, 2B207, 2B209, 2B219 or 2B227.

2D202 “Software” specially designed or modified for the “development”, “production” or “use” of equipment specified in 2B201.

Note: Item 2D202 does not control part programming “software” that generates “numerical control” command codes but does not allow direct use of equipment for machining various parts.

2D351 “Software”, other than that specified in 1D003, specially designed for “use” of equipment specified in 2B351.

2E Technology

2E001 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “development” of equipment or “software” specified in 2A, 2B or 2D.

Note: 2E001. includes “technology” for the integration of probe systems into coordinate measurement machines specified by 2B006.a.

2E002 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “production” of equipment specified in 2A or 2B.

2E003 Other “technology”, as follows:

a. “Technology” for the “development” of interactive graphics as an integrated part in “numerical control” units for preparation or modification of part programs;

e. “Technology” for the “development” of integration “software” for incorporation of expert systems for advanced decision support of shop floor operations into “numerical control” units;

f. “Technology” for the application of inorganic overlay coatings or inorganic surface modification coatings (specified in column 3 of the following table) to non‑electronic substrates (specified in column 2 of the following table), by processes specified in column 1 of the following table and defined in the Technical Note.

Note: The table and Technical Note appear after 2E301.

N.B.: This table should be read to specify the technology of a particular Coating Process only when the Resultant Coating in column 3 is in a paragraph directly across from the relevant Substrate under column 2. For example, Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) coating process technical data are included for the application of silicides to carbon‑carbon, ceramic and metal “matrix” “composites” substrates, but are not included for the application of silicides to ‘cemented tungsten carbide’ (16), ‘silicon carbide’ (18) substrates. In the second case, the resultant coating is not listed in the paragraph under column 3 directly across from the paragraph under column 2 listing ‘cemented tungsten carbide’ (16), ‘silicon carbide’ (18).

2E101 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “use” of equipment or “software” specified in 2B004, 2B009, 2B104, 2B109, 2B116, 2B119 to 2B122 or 2D101.

2E201 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “use” of equipment or “software” specified in 2A225, 2A226, 2B001, 2B006, 2B007.b., 2B007.c., 2B008, 2B009, 2B201, 2B204, 2B206, 2B207, 2B209, 2B225 to 2B233, 2D201 or 2D202.

2E301 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “use” of goods specified in 2B350 to 2B352.

1. The term ‘coating process’ includes coating repair and refurbishing as well as original coating.

2. The term ‘alloyed aluminide coating’ includes single or multiple‑step coatings in which an element or elements are deposited prior to or during application of the aluminide coating, even if these elements are deposited by another coating process. It does not, however, include the multiple use of single‑step pack cementation processes to achieve alloyed aluminides.

3. The term ‘noble metal modified aluminide’ coating includes multiple‑step coatings in which the noble metal or noble metals are laid down by some other coating process prior to application of the aluminide coating.

4. The term ‘mixtures thereof’ includes infiltrated material, graded compositions, co‑deposits and multilayer deposits and are obtained by one or more of the coating processes specified in the Table.

5. ‘MCrAlX’ refers to a coating alloy where M equals cobalt, iron, nickel or combinations thereof and X equals hafnium, yttrium, silicon, tantalum in any amount or other intentional additions over 0.01% by weight in various proportions and combinations, except:

a. CoCrAlY coatings which contain less than 22% by weight of chromium, less than 7% by weight of aluminium and less than 2% by weight of yttrium;

b. CoCrAlY coatings which contain 22 to 24% by weight of chromium, 10 to 12% by weight of aluminium and 0.5 to 0.7% by weight of yttrium; or

c. NiCrAlY coatings which contain 21 to 23% by weight of chromium, 10 to 12% by weight of aluminium and 0.9 to 1.1% by weight of yttrium.

6. The term ‘aluminium alloys’ refers to alloys having an ultimate tensile strength of 190 MPa or more measured at 293 K (20°C).

7. The term ‘corrosion resistant steel’ refers to AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute) 300 series or equivalent national standard steels.

8. ‘Refractory metals and alloys’ include the following metals and their alloys: niobium (columbium), molybdenum, tungsten and tantalum.

12. ‘Modified zirconia’ refers to additions of other metal oxides (e.g., calcia, magnesia, yttria, hafnia, rare earth oxides) to zirconia in order to stabilise certain crystallographic phases and phase compositions. Thermal barrier coatings made of zirconia, modified with calcia or magnesia by mixing or fusion, are not controlled.

13. ‘Titanium alloys’ refers only to aerospace alloys having an ultimate tensile strength of 900 MPa or more measured at 293 K (20°C).

14. ‘Low‑expansion glasses’ refers to glasses which have a coefficient of thermal expansion of 1 x 10‑7 K‑1 or less measured at 293 K (20°C).

15. ‘Dielectric layers’ are coatings constructed of multi‑layers of insulator materials in which the interference properties of a design composed of materials of various refractive indices are used to reflect, transmit or absorb various wavelength bands. Dielectric layers refers to more than four dielectric layers or dielectric/metal “composite” layers.

17. “Technology” specially designed to deposit diamond‑like carbon on any of the following is not controlled:

magnetic disk drives and heads, equipment for the manufacture of disposables, valves for faucets, acoustic diaphragms for speakers, engine parts for automobiles, cutting tools, punching‑pressing dies, office automation equipment, microphones or medical devices or moulds, for casting or moulding of plastics, manufactured from alloys containing less than 5% beryllium.

18. ‘Silicon carbide’ does not include cutting and forming tool materials.

19. Ceramic substrates, as used in this entry, does not include ceramic materials containing 5% by weight, or greater, clay or cement content, either as separate constituents or in combination.

TABLE — DEPOSITION TECHNIQUES: TECHNICAL NOTE

Processes specified in Column 1 of the Table are defined as follows:

a. Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) is an overlay coating or surface modification coating process wherein a metal, alloy, “composite”, dielectric or ceramic is deposited upon a heated substrate. Gaseous reactants are decomposed or combined in the vicinity of a substrate resulting in the deposition of the desired elemental, alloy or compound material on the substrate. Energy for this decomposition or chemical reaction process may be provided by the heat of the substrate, a glow discharge plasma, or “laser” irradiation.

N.B. 3: The gaseous reactants used in the out‑of‑pack process are produced using the same basic reactions and parameters as the pack cementation process, except that the substrate to be coated is not in contact with the powder mixture.

b. Thermal Evaporation‑Physical Vapour Deposition (TE‑PVD) is an overlay coating process conducted in a vacuum with a pressure less than 0.1 Pa wherein a source of thermal energy is used to vaporise the coating material. This process results in the condensation, or deposition, of the evaporated species onto appropriately positioned substrates.

The addition of gases to the vacuum chamber during the coating process to synthesise compound coatings is an ordinary modification of the process.

The use of ion or electron beams, or plasma, to activate or assist the coating’s deposition is also a common modification in this technique. The use of monitors to provide in‑process measurement of optical characteristics and thickness of coatings can be a feature of these processes.

Specific TE‑PVD processes are as follows:

1. Electron Beam PVD uses an electron beam to heat and evaporate the material which forms the coating;

3. “Laser” Vaporisation uses either pulsed or continuous wave “laser” beams to vaporise the material which forms the coating;

4. Cathodic Arc Deposition employs a consumable cathode of the material which forms the coating and has an arc discharge established on the surface by a momentary contact of a ground trigger. Controlled motion of arcing erodes the cathode surface creating a highly ionised plasma. The anode can be either a cone attached to the periphery of the cathode, through an insulator, or the chamber. Substrate biasing is used for non line‑of‑sight deposition;

N.B.: This definition does not include random cathodic arc deposition with non‑biased substrates.

5. Ion Plating is a special modification of a general TE‑PVD process in which a plasma or an ion source is used to ionise the species to be deposited, and a negative bias is applied to the substrate in order to facilitate the extraction of the species from the plasma. The introduction of reactive species, evaporation of solids within the process chamber, and the use of monitors to provide in‑process measurement of optical characteristics and thicknesses of coatings are ordinary modifications of the process.

c. Pack Cementation is a surface modification coating or overlay coating process wherein a substrate is immersed in a powder mixture (a pack), that consists of:

1. The metallic powders that are to be deposited (usually aluminium, chromium, silicon or combinations thereof);

2. An activator (normally a halide salt); and

3. An inert powder, most frequently alumina.

The substrate and powder mixture is contained within a retort which is heated to between 1,030 K (757°C) and 1,375 K (1,102°C) for sufficient time to deposit the coating.

d. Plasma Spraying is an overlay coating process wherein a gun (spray torch) which produces and controls a plasma accepts powder or wire coating materials, melts them and propels them towards a substrate, whereon an integrally bonded coating is formed. Plasma spraying constitutes either low pressure plasma spraying or high velocity plasma spraying.

e. Slurry Deposition is a surface modification coating or overlay coating process wherein a metallic or ceramic powder with an organic binder is suspended in a liquid and is applied to a substrate by either spraying, dipping or painting, subsequent air or oven drying, and heat treatment to obtain the desired coating.

f. Sputter Deposition is an overlay coating process based on a momentum transfer phenomenon, wherein positive ions are accelerated by an electric field towards the surface of a target (coating material). The kinetic energy of the impacting ions is sufficient to cause target surface atoms to be released and deposited on an appropriately positioned substrate.

N.B. 1: The Table refers only to triode, magnetron or reactive sputter deposition which is used to increase adhesion of the coating and rate of deposition and to radio frequency (RF) augmented sputter deposition used to permit vaporisation of non‑metallic coating materials.

N.B. 2: Low‑energy ion beams (less than 5 keV) can be used to activate the deposition.

g. Ion Implantation is a surface modification coating process in which the element to be alloyed is ionised, accelerated through a potential gradient and implanted into the surface region of the substrate. This includes processes in which ion implantation is performed simultaneously with electron beam physical vapour deposition or sputter deposition.

Note 1: The control status of equipment and components described in 3A001 or 3A002, other than those described in 3A001.a.3. to 3A001.a.10., 3A001.a.12. or 3A001.a.13, which are specially designed for or which have the same functional characteristics as other equipment is determined by the control status of the other equipment.

Note 2: The control status of integrated circuits described in 3A001.a.3. to 3A001.a.9, 3A001.a.12 or 3A001.a.13. which are unalterably programmed or designed for a specific function for another equipment is determined by the control status of the other equipment.

N.B.: When the manufacturer or applicant cannot determine the control status of the other equipment, the control status of the integrated circuits is determined in 3A001.a.3. to 3A001.a.9., 3A001.a.12 or 3A001.a.13.

3A001 Electronic components and specially designed components therefor, as follows:

a. General purpose integrated circuits, as follows:

Note 1: The control status of wafers (finished or unfinished), in which the function has been determined, is to be evaluated against the parameters of 3A001.a.

1. Integrated circuits designed or rated as radiation hardened to withstand any of the following:

a. A total dose of 5 x 103 Gy (silicon) or higher;

b. A dose rate upset of 5 x 106 Gy (silicon)/s or higher; or

c. A fluence (integrated flux) of neutrons (1 MeV equivalent) of 5 x 1013 n/cm2 or higher on silicon, or its equivalent for other materials;

Note: 3A001.a.1.c. does not apply to Metal Insulator Semiconductors (MIS).

2. “Microprocessor microcircuits”, “microcomputer microcircuits”, microcontroller microcircuits, storage integrated circuits manufactured from a compound semiconductor, analogue‑to‑digital converters, digital‑to‑analogue converters, electro‑optical or “optical integrated circuits” designed for “signal processing”, field programmable logic devices, custom integrated circuits for which either the function is unknown or the control status of the equipment in which the integrated circuit will be used is unknown, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processors, electrical erasable programmable read‑only memories (EEPROMs), flash memories or static random‑access memories (SRAMs), having any of the following:

a. Rated for operation at an ambient temperature above 398 K (125°C);

b. Rated for operation at an ambient temperature below 218 K (‑55°C); or

1. A resolution of 8 bit or more, but less than 10 bit, with an output rate greater than 1 billion words per second;

2. A resolution of 10 bit or more, but less than 12 bit, with an output rate greater than 300 million words per second;

3. A resolution of 12 bit with an output rate greater than 200 million words per second;

4. A resolution of more than 12 bit, but equal to or less than 14 bit, with an output rate greater than 125 million words per second; or

5. A resolution of more than 14 bit with an output rate greater than 20 million words per second;

Technical Notes:

1. A resolution of n bit corresponds to a quantisation of 2n levels.

2. The number of bits in the output word is equal to the resolution of the ADC.

3. The output rate is the maximum output rate of the converter, regardless of the architecture or oversampling.

4. For ‘multiple channel ADCs’, the outputs are not aggregated and the output rate is the maximum output rate of any single channel.

5. For ‘interleaved ADCs’ or for ‘multiple channel ADCs’ that are specified to have an interleaved mode of operation, the outputs are aggregated and the output rate is the maximum combined total output rate of all of the outputs.

6. Vendors may also refer to the output rate as sampling rate, conversion rate or throughput rate. It is often specified in megahertz (MHz) or mega samples per second (MSPS).

7. For the purpose of measuring output rate, one output word per second is equivalent to one Hertz or one sample per second.

8. ‘Multiple channel ADCs’ are defined as devices which integrate more than one ADC, designed so that each ADC has a separate analogue input.

9. ‘Interleaved ADCs’ are defined as devices which have multiple ADC units that sample the same analogue input at different times such that when the outputs are aggregated, the analogue input has been effectively sampled and converted at a higher sampling rate.

b. Digital‑to‑Analogue Converters (DAC) having any of the following:

1. A resolution of 10 bit or more with an ‘adjusted update rate’ of 3,500 MSPS or greater; or

2. A resolution of 12 bit or more with an ‘adjusted update rate’ of equal to or greater than 1,250 MSPS and having any of the following:

a. A settling time less than 9 ns to 0.024% of full scale from a full scale step; or