30 year ago, the first historical detection of the Crab nebula at TeV energies by the Whipple telescope opened the era of the ground-based TeV astronomy with Cherenkov telescopes. Last December 2018, the ASTRI-Horn telescope, a prototype of Cherenkov telescope based on an original double mirror optical configuration and equipped with innovative light detectors made of silicon photo-multipliers, has obtained its first detection of the Crab Nebula at TeV energies, proving the viability of this technology.

The ASTRI-Horn telescope is the result of a project developed by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), aimed at the design, deployment and implementation of a novel prototype of Cherenkov telescope that is proposed for the Small-Sized Telescopes (SSTs) of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). The ASTRI-Horn prototype is located on Mount Etna (Italy) at the INAF "M.C. Fracastoro" observing station. The prototype has been conceived as an end-to-end project, which includes the full data archiving and processing chain, from raw data up to the final scientific products.

The ASI Space Science Data Center (SSDC) has been involved since the very beginning in the activities of the CTA Consortium and the ASTRI Project in partnership with INAF. The long lasting experience in SSDC on data reduction and archiving for high-energy astrophysics provided a great contribution to the project in achieving this important result.

INAF researchers in SSDC are collaborating with the ASTRI Project to the development of the data processing and analysis chain and, in particular to: the definition of the ASTRI scientific data format; the development of the scientific data reduction and analysis software; the calibration of the ASTRI scientific data using Monte Carlo simulations; the archiving of all the ASTRI low-level and high-level data products.

The large experience of INAF scientists on both data acquired with Cherenkov instrumentation (in particular, from the MAGIC telescope) and data from high-energy space missions at SSDC poses this collaboration at a fundamental cross-road of the multi-wavelength astronomy, making this project really unique in the European research context.

Neutrinos, electrically uncharged and traveling at nearly the speed of light, are able to escape the densest astrophysical environments and point back to their source of origin, therefore they represent unique tracers of cosmic-ray particles acceleration. Such extreme environments can be found in blazars, that are active galactic nuclei characterized by accreting supermassive black holes developing immense relativistic jets of plasma pointing close to our line of sight. Blazars are among the most powerful objects in the universe speculated to be sources of high-energy cosmic rays.

The discovery of an association of a very high-energy neutrino with a flaring photon gamma-ray blazar object by the IceCube experiment and the Fermi space satellite, announced on July 12, 2018 with a press conference by NSF and a cover and paper in the Science journal, highlights for the first time mechanisms and conditions for highest-energy cosmic rays acceleration and the existence of extragalactic sources producing high-energy neutrinos and gamma rays. The detection of an about 290 TeV energy neutrino (namely the event IC-170922A) on 22 September 2017 by the IceCube experiment at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, in Antarctica, was found to be consistent with the location of a Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope catalogued gamma-ray source (3FGL J0509.4+0541, i.e. the blazar TXS 0506+056). The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) first reported the positional coincidence (within 0.1 degrees) of the very high-energy neutrino event with a gamma-ray source detected at E>100 MeV, the blazar TXS 0506+056 (also known as MG1 J050927+0541, RX J0509.3+054, ZS 0506+056 and other), in a flaring state, issuing one Astronomer's Telegram (ATel) on September, 28, 2017.

This triggered many observations and results with the corresponding multi-wavelength follow-up measurements, for example by MAGIC, AGILE, Swift and NuSTAR. All these are missions and experiments see the participation of the ASI Space Science Data Center (SSDC), and Fermi, MAGIC and AGILE are built with a fundamental contribution of INFN and INAF. Notably AGILE confirmed soon after the association of IC-170922A with the E>100 MeV gamma-ray activity of TXS 0506+056 with another ATel, while the MAGIC Cherenkov telescope also detected it and revealed periods where the gamma-ray flux from the blazar reached energies of up to 400 GeV. Subsequent measurements of the source have been completed at X-ray, optical, and radio wavelengths. Formerly AGILE suggested also a possible association of gamma rays with an IceCube neutrino event in July 2016, after the detection of a gamma-ray transient found to be consistent with the position and time of IC-160731.

Based on the redshift of TXS 0506+056, with value z=0.3365 corresponding to a luminosity distance of 5.5 billion light years, accurately measured and published in February 2018 (only upper/lower limits were available before), constraints are derived for the muon neutrino luminosity for this source, found to be similar to the luminosity observed in gamma rays. The energies of the gamma rays and the neutrino indicate that blazar jets may accelerate cosmic rays to at least several PeV. Chance correlation of this neutrino with the flare of TXS 0506+056 is statistically disfavored at the level of 3 sigma in any of the evaluated models associating neutrino and gamma-ray production. This important result for the newborn multi-messenger astro-particle physics confirms the close relations among the different cosmic messengers. The most extreme cosmic explosions producing transient gamma rays (GRBs) also produce gravitational waves, and the most extreme cosmic accelerators producing intense, persisting and variable flux of gamma-rays (blazars) produce high-energy neutrinos and cosmic rays.

Through the Fermi and AGILE satellites and the large ground based astro-particle experiments for neutrinos, UHE cosmic rays and gravitational waves, gamma rays are providing a bridge to each of these new cosmic signals, opening the multi-messenger astronomy era. Many interpretations and works, published or in preparation, are following up the discovery, shedding light on a truly multi-messenger scenario for the flaring GeV gamma-ray blazar TXS 0506+056 and the implications for very high-energy neutrino emission and cosmic ray acceleration. The ASI SSDC is contributing and supporting archive, data, software and science operations and data analysis tasks for the Fermi, AGILE, Swift, and NuSTAR missions.

On april 25th the Gaia collaboration has released the richest star catalogue to date, including high-precision measurements of nearly 2 billion stars and revealing previously unseen details of our Galaxy.The previous and first data release, based on just over one year of observations, was published in 2016; it contained distances and motions of two million stars.This new data release, which covers the observations carried on between 25 July 2014 and 23 May 2016, pins down the positions of 1.7 billion stars, and with a much greater precision. Among the contributors to this huge success is SSDC, one of the partner data centers hosting a copy of Gaia catalogue, which are in charge of developing and maintaining access and data extraction to enable the astronomical community to handle and fully exploit the scientific potential of this enormous archive. In addition, SSDC is responsible for the calculation of the official cross-match of the Gaia catalogue with the largest public available optical and near-IR catalogues ensuring an all-sky, panchromatic vision of the universe.

The SSDC is a facility managed by the Italian Space Agency, ASI
If your research benefits from the use of SSDC, we would appreciate the following acknowledgement in your paper"Part of this work is based on archival data, software or online services provided by the Space Science Data Center - ASI."