A pneumatic spring suspension vehicles

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and for the creation of a pneumatic springs. Spring is a cylinder with a piston and hollow rod. They form podporchennuyu and nadporshnevaya cavity with liquid. The hydraulic accumulator is filled with liquid and gas, is placed in the cavity of the stem and is connected through valve podpornoy cavity of the cylinder. The valve is made in the form of a damping node, self-regulated, depending on the frequency and direction of vibration. Damping node has a stepped plunger. The large degree plunger divides the body cavity damping node with education mudpluggers and podprumerny cavities. On the outer surface of the greater speed of the plunger in its middle part is made a groove connected through radial holes with podprumerny cavity. With the two sides a greater degree plunger mounted spring-loaded valves moves the compression and rebound. The smaller step of the piston forms a housing of the damping node plunger cavity communicated with mudpluggers cavity through the longitudinal throttle channel. This channel is made on the outer surface of the smaller step of the piston and creates axial Pius is to improve the smoothness and stability of the damping characteristics, automatically regulated depending on the frequency and direction of oscillations of a spring, by improving the design of the damping node having high reliability and durability, resulting in lower operating costs for repair and maintenance. 2 Il.

The invention relates to a cushioning mostly tracked vehicles, in particular to a pneumatic springs with a self-regulating hydrocortisone depending on the frequency and direction of vibration.

Known pneumatic spring of the vehicle.with. The USSR 1028533, CL 60 G 11/26, F 16 F 9/34, 1983), containing a cylinder which has a piston rod forming in the cylinder podporchennuyu and nadporshnevaya cavity, a hydraulic accumulator mounted in the additional cylinder and connected with newportnews cavity of the cylinder through the valve overlapping the hole in the bottom of the cylinder, and the maximum damper oscillations. Valve design provides a damping characteristic of the valve section in the form of a hyperbola due to the reduced hydraulic resistance at the rate of deformation of the springs. As a result, reduces the loss of energy is the amount of regulation stiffness damping characteristics depending on the frequency of oscillations, because the valve in the spring operates depending on the relative speed of the cylinder and piston rod, and the frequency dependence of the conditional here, because the above-resonance area oscillation modes are available when the relative speed is smaller than the resonance, i.e. the valve will then work with hard damping characteristic, the loss in the suspension will increase, and the smoothness deteriorates. In addition, when the random fluctuations that occur when simultaneously low and high frequency fluctuations, significantly reduces the efficiency of the damping low-frequency vibrations, because the valve does not possess the property of self-regulation in the direction of oscillation and has a weak damping valve on the plot of the damping characteristics.

The closest known technical solutions is a pneumatic spring suspension vehicles (RF patent 2121087, 60 G 11/26, F 16 F 9/34, 1998), containing a cylinder which has a piston with a hollow stem forming in the cylinder podporchennuyu and nadporshnevaya cavity filled with fluid, and a hydraulic accumulator placed in the stem cavity filled with liquid and gas, and coupled with podpornoy cavity of the cylinder through the valve, in everyody site includes spring-loaded by a spring plunger H-shaped section, dividing the body cavity damping node with education mudpluggers and podprumerny cavities. On the outer surface of the plunger is made the upper groove of the plunger, connected through a check valve stroke compression ratio with mudpluggers cavity, and the lower groove of the plunger, connected by radial holes podprumerny cavity. On the wall of the plunger with two side mounted valves moves the compression and rebound, spring-loaded by a spring plunger. The lower part of the plunger is made in the form of an annular piston with throttle opening, forming with the housing of the damping node ring plunger cavity communicated through the orifice of the annular piston with podprumerny cavity. In the case of the damping unit is designed primary throttle channel, constantly telling podprumerny cavity with podpornoy cavity, the inner groove is connected through a check valve stroke end with podpornoy cavity, and radial holes, forming additional throttle channel, informing podporchennuyu cavity with the upper groove of the plunger in its lower position and with the bottom groove of the plunger at its middle position. In the case dangerouse node set of predokhranitelnyi. And ncplogin cavity is connected with the cavity of the accumulator in the upper position of the plunger the bottom of the groove is located opposite the internal groove of the housing of the damping node, and a plunger provided with a spring stop mounted in podprumerny cavity along the Central axis of the housing of the damping of the site and retaining the plunger in the open for more throttle channel.

This spring has a relatively low technical level, due to the complexity of the design of the damping node, which reduces the reliability of his work. Reduce reliability also contributes to the implementation of the lower part of the plunger in the form of an annular piston with two sealing rings, a resource which is limited, and the dependence of the tightness of the seals on temperature, sliding velocity and wear leads to a change in leakage through them and, as a consequence, change the configuration of the damping node at a given oscillation frequency. In addition, when the clogging of the throttle openings in the annular piston of the damping unit is completely ceases to regulate their damping properties when changing the frequency and direction of vibration. The disadvantage of this spring is also the use of prui the discoveries of this, lower cyclotouriste, which also reduces the resource of a damping node. Moreover, the absence in the spring of the safety valve stroke rebound reduce the smoothness of the vehicle.

In this regard, the most important task is the creation of a new design of a pneumatic spring suspension of the vehicle with a damping unit having a simple and reliable design that includes a stepped piston with a longitudinal throttle channel on a smaller scale and valves of the compression and rebound to a greater degree of self-regulation of hydraulic resistance depending on the frequency and direction of oscillation while maintaining the stability of their characteristics under virtually all operating conditions for a long service life, as well as providing a limitation of the differential pressure as during compression and during lights out.

The technical result of the claimed pneumo-hydraulic spring suspension of the vehicle is to improve the smoothness and stability of the damping characteristics, automatically regulated depending on the frequency and direction of oscillation of the spring, due to sovershenstvovaniyu operating costs for repair and maintenance.

This technical result is achieved by the pneumatic spring suspension of a vehicle, containing a cylinder which has a piston with a hollow stem forming in the cylinder podporchennuyu and nadporshnevaya cavity filled with fluid, and a hydraulic accumulator placed in the stem cavity filled with liquid and gas, and coupled with podpornoy cavity of the cylinder through the valve, the valve is made in the form of a self-regulated depending on the frequency and direction of oscillation damping node and is provided with a stepped plunger, a large stage which divides the body cavity damping node with education mudpluggers and podprumerny cavities, on the outer surface of the greater speed of the plunger in the middle and made a groove connected by radial holes podprumerny cavity, with the two sides a greater degree plunger mounted spring-loaded valves moves the compression and rebound, and a smaller step of the piston forms a housing of the damping node plunger cavity communicated with mudpluggers cavity through the longitudinal throttle channel is made on the outer surface of the smaller step of the piston and create resistance to axial move the main throttle channel, constantly connecting podporchennuyu and podprumerny cavity between them, and radial holes, forming additional throttle channel, informing podporchennuyu cavity with the groove is wider plunger in its middle position, in the lower part of the housing of the damping Assembly is mounted relief valve, informing podporchennuyu and podprumerny cavity between when a large pressure differential, and ncplogin cavity is connected with the cavity of the hydraulic accumulator.

Due to the fact that a pneumatic spring suspension of the vehicle, the valve is made in the form of a damping node, self-regulated, depending on the frequency and direction of oscillation and provided with a stepped plunger, a large stage which divides the body cavity damping node with education mudpluggers and podprumerny cavities on the outer surface of the greater speed of the plunger in the middle and made a groove connected by radial holes podprumerny cavity, with the two sides a greater degree plunger mounted spring-loaded valves moves the compression and rebound, and a smaller step of the piston forms a housing of the damping node plunger cavity, the message is her stage plunger and create resistance to axial displacement of the stepped piston in the area of its mean position, moreover, in the case of the damping unit is designed primary throttle channel, constantly connecting podporchennuyu and podprumerny cavity between them, and radial holes, forming additional throttle channel, informing podporchennuyu cavity with the groove is wider plunger in its middle position, enhances the stability of the damping characteristics and operational properties of the suspension.

By running at a lower speed longitudinal plunger throttle channel and the formation of appreciable pressure drop only in the zone of its mean position in the housing of the damping site provides fixing speed of the plunger in the high-frequency oscillations in the middle position and the opening of additional throttle channel, thereby regulating the frequency of oscillation.

Due to the lack of pressure drop on the smaller scale of the plunger in the areas of its extreme positions can be reduced hydraulic resistance when the direction of oscillation that increases the smoothness when in the spectrum of oscillations of a spring, its deformation is aimed at strengthening low-frequency vibrations is camping or compressed, and due to the impact of the wheels on a ledge or into the hollow she quickly changes the direction of its deformation, the damper reduces its resistance, i.e., the force of the damper will not push the body up or down. Thus, the regulation of hydraulic resistance of a spring in the direction of the vibrations.

Due to the fact that in the case of the damping Assembly is mounted relief valve, informing podporchennuyu cavity with podprumerny cavity at high differential pressure not only on the compression, but in the course of the retreat, enhances the smoothness of the vehicle at high speed deformation of the suspension.

Given the applicant's analysis of the prior art, including the search for patents and scientific and technical information sources, and identify sources that contain information about the analogues of the proposed solutions, has allowed to establish that the applicant is not detected similar, characterized by signs, identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention. The definition from the list of identified unique prototype, as the closest solutions to the totality of symptoms, revealed a set of there the second object, set forth in the claims. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "novelty" by applicable law.

To verify compliance of the claimed invention to the requirement of "inventive step", the applicant conducted an additional search of the known solutions in order to identify characteristics that match the distinctive features of the prototype of the characteristics of the claimed invention, the results of which show that the claimed invention to a person skilled not obvious from the prior art. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "inventive step".

In Fig. 1 shows the proposed pneumatic spring suspension of the vehicle, a longitudinal section, and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of a damping node.

A pneumatic spring suspension of a vehicle includes a cylinder 1 in which is situated a piston 2 with a hollow rod 3 forming in the cylinder 1 podporchennuyu 4 and nadporshnevaya 5 cavity. In the cavity 6 of the stem 3 is placed a hydraulic accumulator connected to podpornoy cavity 4 through the valve 7 mounted in the piston 2. Podpornega cavity 4 is filled with liquid, and the cavity of the us to lift the wheel (Fig. 1).

The valve 7 is designed as a damping node, self-regulated, depending on the frequency and direction of vibration, and includes a housing 7, which is installed inside a stepped plunger 8, the large degree which divides the body cavity damping node with education mudpluggers 9 and podprumerny 10 cavities. Ncplogin cavity 9 is connected with the hydraulic accumulator cavity 6 (Fig.2). On the outer surface of the greater speed of the plunger 8 in the middle and made a groove 11, connected by radial holes 12 with podprumerny cavity 10. With two sides greater level of plunger 8 is installed valve stroke compression ratio 13 and the valve stroke end 14, spring-loaded by springs 15 and 16. The smaller step of the piston 8 forms with the cylinder 17 of the housing of the damping node plunger cavity 18 provided with mudpluggers cavity 9 through the longitudinal throttle channel 19, is made on the outer surface of the smaller step of the piston 8 and create resistance to axial displacement of the stepped piston 8 in the zone of its mean position. In the upper position of the plunger 8 plunger cavity 18 freely communicates with mudpluggers cavity 9 through the groove 20, is made in the cylinder 17. In the lower position of the plunger 8 is olotu 9.

In the housing 7 of the damping unit is designed primary throttle channel 21, is constantly connecting podporchennuyu 4 and podprumerny 10 cavity between them, and the radial holes 22, forming additional throttle channel, informing podporchennuyu cavity 4 with the groove 11 and the greater speed of the plunger 8 at its middle position. In the upper and lower extreme positions of the plunger 8 radial holes 12 are overlapped, which corresponds to the hard damping characteristic moves the compression and rebound springs, respectively. In the middle position of the plunger 8 when the groove 11 of the stepped plunger 8 coincides with the radial holes 22 in the housing 7, an additional throttle channel is open, which corresponds to the soft damping characteristic moves the compression and rebound springs.

In the lower part of the housing 7 of the damping Assembly is mounted relief valve, informing podporchennuyu 4 and podprumerny 10 cavity with large pressure drops. The safety valve is made in the form of a spring-loaded rod 23, the spring 24 whose one end communicates with the valve plate 25, overlying coaxial holes 26 in the housing 7 by podprumerny cavity 10, and the other of concarpus 7 and overlying its conical shutter annular gap from podprumerny cavity 10.

We offer pneumatic spring suspension of the vehicle is as follows.

During compression spring hollow rod 3 with the piston 2 is provided in the cylinder 1, the liquid from podpornoy cavity 4 flows into the rod cavity 6 through a damping node, which causes compression of the gas in the rod end 6. At course end, i.e., when the hollow rod 3 with the piston 2 comes out of the cylinder 1, the pressure in podpornoy cavity 4 is reduced, and the liquid under the action of differential pressure flows from the rod end 6 in podporchennuyu the cavity 4 via the damping unit (Fig. 1). However, depending on the modes of oscillation of a spring the following possible modes of operation of the damping of the node.

When the springs with low frequency in the up - and-resonant zones of oscillation of the sprung mass at the beginning of each cycle of oscillation under the action of pressure difference between the cavities 6 and 4 springs, indicated respectively with mudpluggers cavity 9 of the damping unit and with its podprumerny cavity 10 through the main throttle channel 21, the plunger 8 is moved up or down until it stops in the housing 7, passing through its middle position and overlapping the radial holes 22 in the housing 7 (Fig.1, 2). In the area cf gerou cavity 9 and back through the longitudinal throttle groove 19, almost without slowing down the movement of the plunger 8. In the extreme positions of the plunger 8, the resistance to its movement is also not created, as in the lower position of the smaller step of the piston 8 comes out of the cylinder 17, and in the upper position, the fluid flows through the groove 20. To lock the plunger 8 in the housing 7 is spring-loaded by springs 15 and 16 valves moves the compression 13 end 14 remain closed, so as to open them requires greater pressure drop than to move the plunger 8. After the stop of the plunger 8 in the housing 7, the flow of fluid in the spring occurs only through the main throttle channel 21 and through the spring-loaded by a spring 15, the valve stroke compression ratio of 13 or spring-loaded by a spring 16, the valve stroke end 14. This spring has a hard damping characteristic, because the time spent spring open additional throttle channel 22 and slightly to the beginning of the deformation of the springs, when the rate of deformation, and hence the strength of the damping is small. The result is high efficiency damping of low-frequency resonant vibrations of the body.

When the oscillations of a spring with a high frequency of the plunger 8 is almost fixed in the middle position, as the fluid ilsim resistance, what hinders the movement of the plunger 8. Therefore, the groove 11 with a radial hole 12 is practically opposite radial holes 22 in the housing 7. As a result, when the above-resonance frequencies of oscillations of a spring additional throttle channel 22 remains almost completely open. Therefore, the fluid flows through two throttle channel 21 and 22 and through one of the spring-loaded valve stroke compression ratio of 13 or stroke end 14, and the spring has a soft damping characteristic. This increases the smoothness of the vehicle in the above-resonance modes of vibrations.

Thus, the regulation of the hydraulic resistance of the springs on the oscillation frequency.

When random fluctuations, when in the spectrum of the oscillations of the springs are low-frequency oscillations of the body and the high-frequency oscillations of the wheels, the plunger 8 will move up and down until it stops in the housing 7 in the same way as it does when there is only a low-frequency vibrations. However, depending on the position of the plunger 8 and the direction of the oscillations of the following modes damping node 7.

During compression in the upper end position of plunge podpornoy cavity 4 into the cavity 6 only through the main throttle channel 21 and a spring-loaded valve stroke compression ratio 13, which corresponds to the hard damping characteristic stroke compression springs necessary for effective braking move down the exterior of the vehicle. When a sudden change in the direction of deformation of the spring in the contact wheel, for example, into a hole in the plunger 8 almost instantly moves down to its middle position, in which its movement slows down sharply due to the occurrence of a large resistance to longitudinal throttle channel 19. Therefore, the fluid flows from the cavity 6 into the cavity 4 through a spring-loaded valve stroke end 14, the radial holes 12, the groove 11 of the plunger 8 and the radial holes 22 in the housing 7, as well as through the main throttle channel 21, which corresponds to the soft damping characteristic stroke end due to the small hydraulic resistance of a spring-loaded valve stroke end 14.

At the course end in the lower end position of the plunger 8 holes 22 in the housing 7 is also covered, spring-loaded valve stroke compression ratio 13 is closed, and the fluid flows from the cavity 6 into the cavity 4 only through a spring-loaded valve stroke end 14 and the main throttle channel 21, which corresponds to the hard damping characteristic stroke end R is m the direction of deformation of the spring in the contact wheel, for example, tubercle plunger 8 almost instantly moves up to its middle position, in which its movement slows down sharply due to the occurrence of a large resistance to longitudinal throttle channel 19. Therefore, the fluid flows from the cavity 4 into the cavity 6 through the radial holes 22 in the housing 7, the groove 11 of the plunger 8, the radial holes 12 and the spring loaded valve stroke compression ratio of 13, and also through the main throttle channel 21, which corresponds to the soft damping characteristic stroke compression ratio because of the small hydraulic resistance of a spring-loaded valve stroke compression ratio 13.

Thus, the regulation of hydraulic resistance of a spring in the direction of the vibrations.

In the event of a large pressure differential between the cavities 4 and 6 actuates the safety valve limiting the damping force of the node. While on the compression rises a conical stopper shaft 23, through which the anchor Cup 27 compresses the spring 24, and the liquid from podpornoy cavity 4 flows into podprumerny cavity 10 through the annular gap in the axial bore 28 of the housing 7. The rebound falls valve plate 25, compressing the spring bedstvie, that the pressure relief valve used only one spring 24, and the area of the axial bore 28 is smaller than the area of the holes 26, provides greater resistance during compression than during the end that is usually required for suspensions of tracked vehicles. If the direction of the relief valve setting out the reverse features that usually require suspensions for wheeled vehicles.

Nadporshnevaya cavity 5 of the cylinder 1 can be used to drain fluid leaks, leaked through the seal of the piston 2, the hydraulic system of the vehicle or the fluid for lifting the wheels.

We offer pneumatic spring suspension of the vehicle has a simple and robust design and provides better ride and reduced operating costs due to the regulation of hydraulic characteristics depending on the frequency and direction of vibration. The application of this spring will reduce vibration of vehicles, reduce the total energy losses caused by fluctuations, the increase in average speed and performance of the machines when driving on almost any road.

Thus is upnote conditions:- pneumatic spring suspension of a vehicle embodying the claimed invention in its implementation, is intended for use in the suspension of vehicles and provides for simple and reliable construction, the regulation of hydraulic characteristics depending on the frequency and direction of vibration that reduces operating costs and increases the smoothness in all road conditions;for the claimed invention in the form as it is characterized in the claims, confirmed the possibility of its implementation in accordance with the description and the attached drawings;air - hydraulic spring embodying the claimed invention in its implementation, is able to achieve perceived by the applicant of the technical result.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "industrial applicability".

A pneumatic spring suspension of a vehicle, containing a cylinder which has a piston with a hollow stem forming in the cylinder podporchennuyu and nadporshnevaya cavity filled with fluid, and a hydraulic accumulator placed in the stem cavity, zapolnennom made in the form of a damping node, self-regulated depending on the frequency and direction of oscillation, comprising a stepped plunger, a large stage which divides the body cavity damping node with education mudpluggers and podprumerny cavities on the outer surface of the greater speed of the plunger in the middle and made a groove connected through radial holes with podprumerny a cavity with two side mounted spring-loaded valves moves the compression and rebound, and a smaller step of the piston forms a housing of the damping node plunger cavity communicated with mudpluggers cavity through the longitudinal throttle channel, performed on the outer surface of the smaller step of the piston and create resistance to axial displacement of the stepped piston in the area of its mean position, and in the case of the damping unit is designed primary throttle channel, constantly connecting podporchennuyu cavity and podprumerny cavity between them, and radial holes, forming additional throttle channel, informing podporchennuyu cavity with the groove is wider plunger in its middle position, in the lower part of the housing of the damping Assembly is mounted relief valve, coolest connected with the cavity of the hydraulic accumulator.

The invention relates to a transport machine-building, primarily to the automotive industry, namely suspensions of vehicles mainly combined with hydropneumatic suspension with static regulation of the position of the body relative to the wheels

SUBSTANCE: proposed pneumohydraulic spring contains cylinder with upper and lower covers filled with liquid and gas, piston with hollow rod which accommodates counterpressure chamber communicating through tube with ring space between walls of cylinder and hollow rod, and rod with groove secured in upper cover of cylinder and arranged in central hole of piston. Groove of rod made in its lower part connects overpiston space with counterpressure chamber when vehicle is not loaded. Spring is furnished with damping unit, self-adjusting depending on amplitude of vibrations and changes of pressure, including main throttling channel made on lower end of tube, additional throttling channel formed in lower part of tube by radial holes and outer groove, and spring-loaded plunger made in form of step sleeve installed on tube and provided with radial holes in smaller step. Larger step forms sealed ring plunger space with tube which accommodates compression spring of plunger overlapping by its smaller step additional throttling channel at stroke of piston out of zone of rod groove as a result of sharp increase or decrease of pressure in counterpressure chamber. Counterpressure chamber communicates with ring space through additional tube with check valve.

SUBSTANCE: shock-absorber comprises housing, rod, piston secured to the rod and provided with throttling system, and hydraulic space filled with fluid. The piston separates the space into the top and bottom sections. The shock-absorber has switch connected with electromagnetic valve, indicating lamp, and pickup for measuring the temperature of fluid, which switches the indicating lamp and electromagnetic valve in or off. The housing is provided with casing provided with easily detachable heat insulating jacket. The space between the housing and casing is connected with the cooling system of the engine of a vehicle through the electromagnetic valve. The bottom part of the hydraulic space receives the compression damper provided with the compensator.

SUBSTANCE: proposed pneumohydraulic spring has cylinder with upper and lower covers filled with liquid and gas, piston with hollow rod which accommodates counterpressure chamber communicating through tube with ring space between walls of cylinder and hollow rod, and rod with groove secured in upper cover of cylinder and arranged in central hole of piston. Grove of rod made in lower part communicates overpiston space with counterpressure chamber when vehicle is non-loaded. Spring is furnished with damping unit self-adjustable depending on amplitude of vibrations and degree of vehicle load and including main restrictor channel made on lower end of tube, additional restrictor channel formed by radial holes made in lower part of tube, and spring-loaded plunger installed on lower end of tube and overlapping radial holes at interaction with lower end face of rod when vehicle is loaded. Tube hole opening in ring space is made in hollow rod lower than lower end face of piston, and it is overlapped by lower cover at end of rebound stroke. Variable-section longitudinal slot is made between lower end face of piston and inlet hole of tube on outer surface of hollow rod. Said slot increases nonelastic resistance at end of rebound stroke of spring at overlapping of inlet hole of tube. Counterpressure chamber communicates with ring space through additional tube with check valve whose inlet hole is made in hollow rod directly under lower end face of piston.

SUBSTANCE: proposed truck hydropneumatic suspension contains hydraulic cylinder with damper connected with pneumatic member provided with pneumatic and hydraulic spaces. Pneumatic member is made in form of pneumatic cylinder with fitted-in piston forming pneumatic space and hydraulic space connected with overpiston space of hydraulic cylinder by flexible pipelines. Pneumatic cylinder has cooling jacket formed by casing. Overpiston and underpistons spaces of hydraulic cylinder are connected with bypass channel in which damper is installed.

SUBSTANCE: proposed pneumohydraulic suspension of vehicle contains pneumohydraulic spring with main cylinder which accommodates piston with hollow rod forming pneumatic and hydraulic spaces, additional pneumatic space communicating with pneumatic space of main cylinder. Pneumohydraulic suspension contains helper spring with additional cylinder which accommodates piston with rod forming pneumatic and hydraulic spaces. Hydraulic spaces of main and helper springs are connected by flexible pipeline through adjustable damping device with bypass channel and valve. Additional pneumatic space is coupled with pneumatic space of main cylinder through throttling hole. Hollow rod of main cylinder has piston-divider made for moving along inner surface of rod from to stop. Piston of main cylinder is provided with toroidal slot on outer surface forming pneumatic space with inner surface of main cylinder. Main cylinder is provided with air cooling ribs. Additional cylinder and damping device are covered by water cooling jacket.

EFFECT: provision of simple and compact design with high elastic characteristics and power intensity indices.

SUBSTANCE: method of manufacture of vehicle suspension telescopic strut includes assembling of rod, cylinder, cup with skeleton in space of strut housing and deforming of upper part of housing to provide sealing of strut with seal. Deforming of upper part of housing is done after forming of inner platform on housing which ring with mating surface is installed.

EFFECT: simplified process of manufacture and improved quality owing to provision of sealing of strut.

SUBSTANCE: proposed telescopic strut of suspension contains cylinder, rod, bushing and cup. Inner platform is made in upper of housing on which compensating ring is installed over cup. Cup is made with thickened upper part.

EFFECT: reduced difficulties in manufacture of strut, improved its tightness.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in suspensions of vehicles. proposed hydraulic damper consists of reservoir with eye plate, cylinder with intake valve, piston with relief valve of extension/rebound - compression stroke, rod provided with throttling hole and return valve, guide with adjustable throttling hole and set of guides and sealing cups and rings, and upper eye plate. Ball bearings are installed in eye plates. Guide and cover are assembled into one base part - guide, in which sealing cups and rings, guide polymeric rings and needle are installed. Said needle is designed to adjust resistance at throttling mode of extension/rebound stroke directly on test stand without disassembling of said damper. Damper contains additional polymeric ring installed in scraper. Said ring prevents contact of chromium coating of rod with metal of scraper and getting of hard foreign finely divided particles into sealing unit.

EFFECT: improved serviceability of hydraulic telescopic damper under unfavorable conditions, provision of convenience in its adjustment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to pneumohydraulic springs with self-adjusted hydraulic resistance depending on amplitude and direction of oscillations. Proposed pneumohydraulic spring of vehicle suspension has cylinder with piston and rod forming piston and ring spaces in cylinder, and hydraulic accumulator connected with cylinder space through valve self-adjusted in amplitude and direction of oscillations. Valve is made in form of ring piston installed in cylinder for axial displacement along valve rod. One end of valve rod is connected with support secured on end face of cylinder. Ring piston travel limiter is installed on other end of rod, forming with cylinder a ring space of valve communicating with hydraulic accumulator through holes made in support and forming additional throttling channel and communicating with piston space through main throttling channel made in ring piston and through check valve installed at one of side of ring piston. Blind axial hole is made in piston with rod into which limiter gets at end of spring compression stroke, thus forming inner space of maximum vibration damper communicating with piston space. Invention reduces dynamic loads and increases free travel of spring rod at reduced damping without increasing overall dimensions, provides asymmetrical damping characteristics at compressing and rebound strokes and increased rigidity at end of compression stroke which simplified design, improves reliability and reduces heating of spring, provides smooth running on any road with small irregularities whose probable height does not exceed travel of spring rod corrected to wheel with reduced damping.

SUBSTANCE: controlled hydraulic shock absorber comprises telescopic hydraulic two-tube shock absorber. The rod of the shock absorber is made of a hollow rod provided with the flange having a groove for roller thrust bearing and vertical slots from the other side. The hollow of the rod receives the hollow rod of by-pass valve for permitting vertical movement. The top section of the rod is provided with trapezium right thread, and the bottom section is provided with the stop for the spring of the valve. The driven pinion is screwed on the threaded part of the rod of the by-pass valve. The bottom of the driven pinion abuts against the roller thrust bearing that is mounted in the groove in the flange of the hollow rod. The second driven pinion is screwed on the threaded part of the valve rod. The top side of the pinion abuts against the roller thrust bearing. The third roller thrust bearing is interposed between the driven pinions. The driven pinions engage the driving gears mounted on the shaft of the electric motor. The control unit is connected with the electric motor and receives the signal from the pickups of suspension vibration and velocity pickup.