John Paul II Square in Zadar

约翰·保罗二世广场坐落在扎达尔古镇的中心，这个城市组织有着丰富的历史层次。这个微定位包括，在更相关的考古发现中，古罗马论坛（从公元前1世纪到公元3世纪）与西弗里亚大教堂（公元2/3世纪）的遗迹，该镇的16世纪水池，中世纪城墙的遗迹以及他们的根基建于古代。附近还有罗马会馆、圣多纳教堂（9世纪）、大教堂（12世纪）及其钟楼（19世纪/20世纪）的遗迹，以及大部分建于1950-1970年代的当代建筑。1963年对该地区进行了考古研究，其后揭露了古代论坛的一部分，而论坛西南部的其余部分则未被触及，成为被泥土和砾石覆盖的非限定空间。它部分被用作临时停车场，由论坛的门廊、现代住宅楼、一条道路和前罗马街Cardo Maximus路线上的长廊包围。属于市中心的步行区的区域是无法进入和未使用的。Ante Uglešić : John Paul II Square is located at the very centre of Zadar’s old town, the urban tissue rich with historical layers. This microlocation includes, among the more relevant archeological findings, the remains of the ancient Roman Forum (from 1st century BC to 3rd century AD) with the Severian basilica (2nd/3rd century AD), the town’s 16th-century water cistern, the remains of the medieval town walls with parts of their foundations built in the ancient times. In the vicinity there are also the remains of the Roman capitolium, St Donat’s Church (9th century), the cathedral (12th century) with its belfry (19th/20th century) as well as contemporary buildings mostly built in the 1950 – 1970 period. Archeological research of the area was carried out in 1963, after which a part of the ancient Forum was revealed whereas the rest of the surface south-west of the Forum was left untouched, as a non-defined space covered in dirt and gravel. It was partly used as a provisional car park, bounded by the portico of the Forum, a modern residential building, a road and a promenade on the route of the former Roman street Cardo Maximus. The area which belonged to the pedestrian zone of the town centre was inaccessible and unused.

首要任务是将92×63米广场纳入城市区域，从而将其转变为城市生活的一个活跃部分。在老城密集的建筑结构内的空间潜力将得到满足；它将能够容纳大量的人，并且它将被用于一年中的许多活动、公共集会、音乐会、节日和其他露天活动。这个空间不仅可以作为许多活动的场所，而且也是人们见面和放松的地方。在近期完成的现场考古研究期间，发现了一系列证明该镇几个世纪以来生活连续性的其他内容，之后又增加了一项任务，即为该镇的公共生活作出贡献并促进该镇的公共生活。这项任务包括提出三个选定的发现：古代西弗里亚大教堂，16世纪的水池，其中一部分已建在教堂内，以及部分中世纪的城墙。在该地区发现的罗马建筑碎片的展示也是其中的一个条件。The primary task was to incorporate the 92×63 m square into the urban area of the town, thus transforming it into an active part of the city life. The potential of the space within the densely built structure of the old town would be fulfilled; it would be able to host a large number of people and it would be used for many events, public gatherings, concerts, festivals and other open-air happenings throughout the year. The space would not only serve as the location of many events, but it would also be a place where people would meet and relax. After the recent completion of the on-site archeological research, during which a series of other contents which testify the continuity of the town’s life throughout centuries had been discovered, another task was added to the assignment of contributing to and furthering the town’s public life. This task consisted in presenting three chosen findings: the ancient Severian basilica, the 16th-century water cistern, a part of which had been built within the basilica, as well as a part of the medieval town walls. The display of the Roman architecture fragments found in the area was also one of the conditions.

干预描述INTERVENTION DESCRIPTION

在考虑了既定目标、自然保护主义者的条件和继承的几何矩阵——正交罗马网格——之后，方形空间被划分成不同但相连的单元：在城镇水池上方的凸起的方形，用重建的石头乌鸦。西部的下部高原，有高大的绿色植物、长凳和喷泉，连接着两层；东南部的绿色表面，有石块碎片和石碑路，连接着下部高原和论坛的门廊；沿着住宅建筑的行人通道有酒吧露台；结合并连接前面提到的所有四个单元的大教堂区域；以及沿着道路的侧边区域，带有人行道和城墙的部分重建。所用的主要材料是石头，它以不同的方式构造和加工，以区分表面和元素：重建城墙和教堂墙壁的历史发现，新的行人通道和表面，石本钟。CH，喷泉，公园路径等。通过将石子浸入石膏中，对前室内空间的表面进行了加工。为收集城墙碎片保留的空间被草覆盖，公园和较低的人行高原上种植落叶树。广场配备了城市设施和新的街道照明，可以根据广场上举办活动的需要进行调整。After having taken into consideration the set aims, conservationists’ conditions and the inherited geometrical matrix – the orthogonal Roman grid – the square space was divided into different but connected units: a raised square above the town’s water cistern with a reconstructed stone crown; a western, lower plateau with tall greenery, benches and a fountain which links the two levels; a southeastern green surface with a collection of stone fragments and a stone-tablet path which connects the lower plateau and the portico of the Forum; a pedestrian passage along a residential building with bar terraces; a basilica area which is incorporated into and connects all four previously mentioned units; and a side area along the road with a pavement and a partial reconstruction of the town walls. The primary material used was stone, which was structured and processed in different ways with the scope of differentiating the surfaces and elements: the reconstruction of the historical findings of the town walls and the walls of the basilica, the new pedestrian passage and surface, the stone benches, the fountain, the park path and others. The surface of the former indoor space of the basilica was processed by immersing stone pebbles into plaster. space reserved for the collection of the fragments of the town walls was covered with grass, and deciduous trees were planted in the park and lower pedestrian plateau. The square was supplied with urban fixtures and new street lighting, which can be regulated according to the needs of the events held in the square.

评价EVALUATION

正如所预测的，这个空间一年四季都举办各种活动，当它不被用于这些目的时，它就成了一个放松的地方。约翰保罗二世广场已经成为镇上居民和游客日常生活中不可避免的空间。As predicted, the space hosts various events all year round and, when it is not being used for these purposes, it serves as a place for relaxation. John Paul II Square has become an unavoidable space in everyday lives of the inhabitants and visitors of the town.