The Food and Drug Administration warned that consumers should avoid using Tylenol capsules until further notice, Feb. 13, 1986.

Brlan HortonAP

Opening a new package of Tylenol can take some effort. There's the cardboard packaging, plus the push-and-twist top and the safety seal.

It used to be a matter of just popping off a cap. Thirty years ago, seven people died in Chicago suburbs after taking poisoned Tylenol. Pharmacies pulled Tylenol off the shelf in a panic, and the nation was in shock.

Richard Keyworth was a firefighter in the area and one of the first investigators in the Tylenol murders case. He says investigators quickly realized the poison was hidden in bottles of Tylenol, but no one knew how it got there or how many people were at risk.

"There was a feeling of helplessness, and Tylenol was the medication for everything," he says. "If you can't trust that, what can you trust?"

Investigators said the poison was likely slipped into bottles after they were already on store shelves. Johnson & Johnson recalled about $100 million worth of Tylenol.

No one was ever charged with the crime. The FBI has reopened the cold case and investigators are using new technology to search for DNA evidence.

Mark Mandell was finishing up pharmacy school in Chicago when the Tylenol murder story broke in 1982. He says for a while, people were scared to take just about any medication.

"You really had to try to reassure people, but how confident were you as an individual? Because no one knew. It was unknown who the attacker was, what the motive was, and ... it was out there," he says.

The deaths spurred new regulations on over-the-counter drug packaging. The FDA and Congress quickly passed a federal anti-tampering law.

Mandell says there shouldn't be any confusion now about how to handle a product with a broken seal.

"It's sort of in your face. You know, if anything appears wrong, don't use it," he says.

Over time, Tylenol bounced back to its status as a household name. O.C. Ferrell, a marketing ethics professor at the University of New Mexico, says the way Johnson & Johnson handled the Tylenol case is still considered textbook crisis management.

"If you're a really good company, like they were in making this recall, you've got to say, 'If we don't protect the brand name and our integrity of our reputation, then nothing will matter in the long run,' " he says.

Now, for many Tylenol users, perhaps the biggest thing they worry about is getting the bottle open.

Thirty years ago today, a string of poisonings shocked the nation. Cyanide, hidden in Tylenol, killed seven people in the Chicago suburbs. Pharmacies pulled Tylenol off the shelf. No one was ever charged with the crime. Those crimes radically transformed the way over-the-counter drugs are packaged, though; and Tylenol's public relations response is often cited as some kind of model for corporate crisis management. From WBEZ in Chicago, Tricia Bobeda reports.

TRICIA BOBEDA, BYLINE: I have a new package of Extra Strength Tylenol here.

(SOUNDBITE OF PACKAGE OPENING)

BOBEDA: First, I have to tear open the cardboard box. Then - let's see. It says: Push down, and turn to open...

(SOUNDBITE OF CLICKING)

BOBEDA: ...clockwise. OK. Now, I have to pick at the edges of this seal, which has SEALED FOR YOUR PROTECTION - written in all caps - about a dozen times. And is there cotton in this bottle?

(SOUNDBITE OF BOTTLE OPENING)

BOBEDA: Nope. This is a lot of steps. But 30 years ago, what stood between a headache sufferer and their medicine?

RICHARD KEYWORTH: Nothing. You'd pop the cap off and there was the pills. And back then, they were capsules. And you can take the capsules apart - and all the little balls of medication would roll out.

BOBEDA: That's Richard Keyworth. He was a firefighter in the Chicago suburbs, and one of the first investigators in the Tylenol murders case. This weekend marks 30 years since poisoned Tylenol killed seven people in Chicago's suburbs. Keyworth says investigators quickly realized the poison was hidden in bottles of Tylenol. But no one knew how it got there, or how many people were at risk.

KEYWORTH: There was a feeling of helplessness. And - you know, Tylenol was the medication for everything. If you can't trust that, what can you trust?

BOBEDA: Investigators said the poison was likely slipped into bottles after they were already on store shelves. Johnson and Johnson then recalled about $100 million worth of Tylenol. The FBI has reopened the cold case, and investigators are using new technology to search for DNA evidence. Mark Mandell was finishing up pharmacy school in Chicago when the Tylenol murder story broke, in 1982. He says for a while, people were scared to take just about any medication.

MARK MANDELL: You really had to try to reassure people. But how confident were you, as an individual - because no one knew. It was unknown, you know, who the attacker was, what the motive was, and it just - it was out there.

BOBEDA: The deaths spurred new regulations on over-the-counter drug packaging. The FDA and Congress quickly passed a federal anti-tampering law. Mandell says there shouldn't be any confusion now, about how to handle a product with a broken seal.

MANDELL: It's sort of in your face; you know, if anything appears wrong, don't use it.

BOBEDA: Over time, Tylenol bounced back to its status as a household name. O.C. Ferrell is a marketing ethics professor at the University of New Mexico. He says the way Johnson and Johnson handled the Tylenol case, is still considered textbook crisis management.

O.C. FERRELL: If you're a really good company - like they were, in making this recall - you've got to say, if we don't protect the brand name and our - integrity of our reputation, then nothing will matter in the long run.

BOBEDA: Now, for many Tylenol users, perhaps the biggest thing they worry about is getting the bottle open. For NPR News, I'm Tricia Bobeda in Chicago.