XVIII - The Male Genital System Flashcards Preview

An abnormal opening of the urethra along the ventral aspect of the penis.

Hypospadias(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 687

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An abnormal opening of the urethra along the dorsal aspect of the penis.

Epispadias(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 687

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A congenital malformation of the bladder associated with epispadias.

Bladder extrophy(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 688

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A condition in which the prepuce cannot be retracted easily over the glans penis

Phimosis (TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 688

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Appears grossly as a solitary, plaquelike lesion on the shaft of the penis. Histologic examination reveals morphologically malignant cells throughout the epidermis with no invasion of the underlying stroma. Has potential for malignant transformation.

Bowen disease(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 688

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Bowen disease which presents as an erythematous patch on the glans penis.

Occurs in young, sexually active males, histologically identical to Bowen disease. Presents with multiple reddish brown papules on the glans and is most often transient, with rare progression to carcinoma in immunocompetent patients.

Bowenoid papulosis (TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 688

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Appears as a gray, crusted, papular lesion, most commonly on the glans penis or prepuce, which infiltrates the underlying connective tissue to produce an indurated, ulcerated lesion with irregular margins.

A variant of squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary architecture, less striking cytologic atypia, and rounded, pushing deep margins.

Verrucous carcinoma (TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 689

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Most common cause of scrotal enlargement, which is an accumulation of serous fluid within the tunica vaginalis usually secondary to infection or malignancy.

Hydrocele(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 689

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Represents failure of testicular descent into the scrotum which involves the right testis more commonly than the left. Causes increased risk of sterility and development of testicular cancer.

Cryptorchidism(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 690

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Most important cause of firm, painless enlargement of the testis.

Testicular neoplasms(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 690

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Composed of sheets of large, uniform cells with distinct cell borders, clear, glycogen-rich cytoplasm, and round nuclei with conspicuous nucleoli. The cells are often arrayed in small lobules with intervening fibrous septa.

Seminomas(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 691

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These tumors contain a mixture of medium-sized cells, large uninucleate or multinucleate tumor cells, and small cells with round nuclei that are reminiscent of secondary spermatocytes.

Concentration of this biochemical marker is of great value in monitoring patients after treatment for prostate cancer.

A commonly used method for grading prostatic carcinoma, which is based on features such as the degree of glandular differentiation, the architecture of the neoplastic glands, nuclear anaplasia, and mitotic activity.

Gumma(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 702

This stage of syphilis is characterized by the presence of an indurated chancre at the site of initial inoculation, associated with painless regional lymphadenopathy.

Primary Syphilis (TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 702

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Both nontreponemal and antitreponemal antibody tests are strongly positive in virtually all cases of this stage of syphilis.

Secondary syphilis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 702

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In males this is manifested most often as a purulent urethral discharge, associated with an edematous, congested urethral meatus. Gram stain of urethral discharge, demonstrates the characteristic gram-negative, intracellular diplococci.

Gonorrhea (TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 705

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A gram-negative intracellular bacterium that causes a disease that is clinically indistinguishable from gonorrhea in both men and in women.

Reiter syndrome(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 707

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This STD is a chronic, ulcerative disease caused by certain strains of C. trachomatis, which presents with nonspecific urethritis, papular or ulcerative lesions involving the lower genitalia, regional adenopathy, or an anorectal syndrome.

This STD is an acute, ulcerative infection caused by Haemophilus ducreyi, a small, gram-negative coccobacillus. The lesion is an irregular ulcer, whose base is covered by a shaggy, yellow-gray exudate. Regional lymph nodes are enlarged and tender.

A chronic inflammatory disease caused by Calymmatobacterium granulomatis. The organisms are demonstrable in Giemsa-stained smears of the exudate as minute coccobacilli within vacuoles in macrophages (Donovan bodies). Regional lymph nodes are typically spared.

Granuloma Inguinale (TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 708

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The initial lesions of this infection are painful, erythematous vesicles on the mucosa or skin of the lower genitalia and adjacent extra-genital sites. Cowdry type A inclusions appear as light purple, homogeneous intranuclear structures surrounded by a clear halo.