Queen Kristina (Christina) Wasa of Sweden, 1626-1689. An early modern philosopher and patron of philosophy, who followed the teachings of Gassendi most closely, but also corresponded with and received Descartes. She abdicated the throne rather than undergo marriage. Her life was the subject of the 1933 movie Queen Christina, starring Greta Garbo.

Description: Queen Kristina (Christina) Wasa of Sweden, 1626-1689. An early modern philosopher and patron of philosophy, who followed the teachings of Gassendi most closely, but also corresponded with and received Descartes. She abdicated the throne rather than undergo marriage. Her life was the subject of the 1933 movie Queen Christina, starring Greta Garbo.

This category contains sites about the French philosopher and activist Simone Weil (1909-1934). Some of Weil's most famous works, most of which were compiled from various letters and essays after her death, include "Waiting for God," and "Gravity and Grace."

Alfred North Whitehead, b. February 15, 1861 in England, d. December 30, 1947 in USA. He is known for his early collaboration with Bertrand Russell on the Principia Mathematica, and as the founder of the metaphysical doctrine of process philosophy.

Description: John Wilkins, 1614-1672. Early modern philosopher and scientist. He is the first person known to have made a systematic proposal for a wholly artificial language, for the needs of philosophers.

William of Auvergne (William of Paris, William of Alvernia, Guillaume d'Auvergne, Guillaume de Paris), c. 1180-1249. Medieval philosopher and theologian who strove to integrate classical philosophy with the theology of his day.

Description: William of Auvergne (William of Paris, William of Alvernia, Guillaume d''Auvergne, Guillaume de Paris), c. 1180-1249. Medieval philosopher and theologian who strove to integrate classical philosophy with the theology of his day.

William of Champeaux, c. 1070-1121. Medieval philosopher and theologian of the Realist school of Scholastic thought. Best known for his able defense of the doctrine that each soul is uniquely and directly created by God. He was an influential teacher of Abelard.

Description: William of Champeaux, c. 1070-1121. Medieval philosopher and theologian of the Realist school of Scholastic thought. Best known for his able defense of the doctrine that each soul is uniquely and directly created by God. He was an influential teacher of Abelard.

William of Ockham, 1285-1347. Scholastic thinker best known for his doctrine that "entities should not be unnecessarily multiplied" (Ockham's Razor). An enthusiastic Aristotelian, logician, and defender of Franciscan doctrine, he was excommunicated in 1328 by Pope John XXII.

Karl Joseph Hieronymus Windischmann, 1775-1839. Nineteenth-century German Catholic philosopher and medical doctor. His principal work was in the philosophy of history, although he was also known as a philosopher of religion. In the latter field, his condemnation of Hermes was influential.

Description: Karl Joseph Hieronymus Windischmann, 1775-1839. Nineteenth-century German Catholic philosopher and medical doctor. His principal work was in the philosophy of history, although he was also known as a philosopher of religion. In the latter field, his condemnation of Hermes was influential.

This category is concerned with the life and works of Ludwig Wittgenstein.
The Biography subcategory is for articles and sites concerned with the life of Wittgenstein, and his character.
General Introductions contains material that attempts to give an broad introduction to Wittgenstein's thought.
German Language Sites gives links to sites in the World/Deutsch hierarchy.
On Certainty, Philosophical Investigations and Tractatus contain material principally concerned with the works by those names.
Private Language Argument concerns work in the Philosophy of Language inspired by the passages of the Philosophical Investigations that puroprt to show that there can be no such thing as a private language.
Reference contains links to online texts of works by Wittgenstein, bibliographies, quotations and links to online resources.

Christian Wolff, Early modern German philosopher and mathematician. His influential adaptation of Leibniz's thought was the dominant philosophy against which Kant and the later Idealists reacted.

Description: Christian Wolff, Early modern German philosopher and mathematician. His influential adaptation of Leibniz''s thought was the dominant philosophy against which Kant and the later Idealists reacted.

This 18th-century German philosopher should not be confused with the contemporary composer who also carries the name Christian Wolff.