In the News (Fri 9 Dec 16)

Tropical and subtropical regions with lower rainfall or distinct wet and dry seasons are home to Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests and Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests.

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests are common in several terrestrial ecozones, including parts of the Afrotropic (equatorial Africa), Indomalaya (parts of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia), the Neotropic (northern South America and Central America), Australasia (eastern Indonesia, New Guinea, and northern Australia), and Oceania (the tropical islands of the Pacific Ocean).

Dry forests tend to exist north and south of the equatorial rainforest belt, south of the subtropical deserts, generally in two bands, one between 10° and 20°N latitude and the other between 10° and 20°S latitude.

Dry forests of Madagascar and New Caledonia are also highly distinctive (pronounced endemism and a large number of relictual taxa) for a wide range of taxa and at higher taxonomic levels.

Most of Indomalaya was originally covered by forest, mostly tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, with tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests predominant in much of India and parts of Southeast Asia.

The tropical moist forests of Indomalaya are dominated by trees of the dipterocarp family (Dipterocarpaceae).

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, also known as tropical rain forests, are a (additional info and facts about tropical) tropical and (additional info and facts about subtropical) subtropical (A major biotic community characterized by the dominant forms of plant life and the prevailing climate) biome.

Tropical and subtropical regions with lower rainfall or distinct wet and dry seasons are home to (additional info and facts about Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests) Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests and (additional info and facts about Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests) Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests.

In the Himalayan-Hindukush-Karakorum mountain region from Afghanistan to Bangladesh, forests are being logged and degraded by excessive grazing, fodder and fuelwood collection, and pressure from the influx of refugees and political disturbance.

Forests in Indonesia too, are rapidly being logged and cleared often to establish exotic plantations.

The forests of northernIndochina are regarded as Asia's richest remaining subtropicalforests.

The NorthernIndochinaSubtropicalForests [IM0137] are globally outstanding for their biological diversity; this ecoregion has the highest species richness for birds among all ecoregions in the Indo-Pacific region and ranks third for mammal richness.

Still, with its large forests, an abundance of fresh water flowing from the Mekong River and a low human population, there is perhaps more opportunity to conserve the unique and endangered wildlife of Lao PDR than anywhere else in Southeast Asia.

It is not fully appreciated that the degradation of the environment, the depletion of the soil and the fisheries, and the reduction and fragmentation of the forests only further impoverishes people, especially the vast majority in Lao PDR who depend on natural resources for their livelihoods and well being.

Currently, WWF Indochina has a number of projects underway in Lao PDR, which address the ever-increasing threats to this still relatively pristine environment, while at the same time aim to protect the local people and improve their impoverished lives.

Conservationists interested in preserving biodiversity have generally focused on the preservation of tropical moist broadleaf forests (commonly know as tropical rainforests) because they harbor an estimated 50 percent of Earth's species.

Several habitats, such as Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and shrub, were determined to be more threatened than the tropical rain forests, and also require concerted conservation action.

WWF maintains that "although conservation action typically takes place at the country level, patterns of biodiversity and ecological processes (e.g., migration) do not conform to political boundaries", which is why ecoregion-based conservation strategies are deemed essential.

This large ecoregion represents the semi-evergreen submontane rain forests that extend from the midranges of the Arakan Yoma and Chin Hills north into the Chittagong Hills of Bangladesh, the Mizo and Naga hills along the Myanmar-Indian border, and into the northern hills of Myanmar.

Location and General Description: Floristically, Kachin State in northern Myanmar is one of the most diverse regions in continental Asia (WWF and IUCN 1995), but it is also one of the least explored.

However, the lowland forests are heavily degraded, and many lowland specialists such as the endemic Gurney's pitta survive in a few isolated reserves.

Tigers are nearly extinct in the northern part of the ecoregion, and Sumatran rhinoceroses that once lived here have been locally extinct, or extirpated, from the ecoregion for more than 15 years.

These populations are declining quickly--the forests are being cleared and converted into rubber, tea, and coffee plantations--with only a quarter of the natural habitat remaining in scattered fragments.

Although human population density is moderate in the high elevations, shifting cultivation and logging have heavily impacted the forest and led to widespread erosion.

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To the north of the limestone karst, the vegetation is characterised by a mosaic of swidden fields, secondary vegetation, and remnant patches of sub-montane dry evergreen forest.

The forest is being steadily eroded by unsustainable timber extraction and firewood collection, and less than 1,161 ha remain.

Although the forest was heavily disturbed as a result of mining activities during the French colonial era, it shows signs of regeneration.

As one of the major components in tropical and subtropicalforests, rattan is of great economic importance in handicraft and furniture making because the cane is rich in fiber, with suitable toughness and easy for processing.

Though rattan could be found from southeastern coasts to southwestern mountains and from northern rim of tropical to central-subtropics, most species are present in tropical and south subtropical areas.

The four forest types in different sites differ greatly in respect of rattan stem density, their value and dominant tree species with which rattans are associated (Table 6).

We discovered that at least five groups comprising at least 26 individuals survive in the remaining forest area of less than 3000 hectares.

Not only is the size of their remaining forest area very small, but the gibbons are highly threatened by illegal logging for firewood and for charcoal production, both from the neighbouring villages as well as from the neighbouring Chinese communities, and by hunting.

In order to save the Cao-Vit, FFI together with the Forest Protection Department (FPD) is proposing to create a species/habitat conservation area for the area and to develop a joint forest protection system with local communities.

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By that time, the vast majority of the practices were also made available in Tibet, where they were preserved until the present moment.

In the second half of the 20th century a sizeable number of Tibetan exiles fled the oppressive anti-religious rule of the Communist Chinese to establish Tibetan Buddhist communities in northern India, particularly Gay interracial love 18 busty around Dharamsala.

China Vajrayana followed the same route into northern China as Buddhism itself, arriving from India via the Silk Road some time during the first half of the 7th century.

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Debasish Baruah reports from Kohora, Kaziranga National Park on how misinformation contained in Divisional Forest Officer's report paved the way for Quarry business to start in one of the biodiversity hotspots jeopardising elephant's habitat and accentuating the conflict with local population.

The Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin Rain Forests has the highest bird species richness of all ecoregions that are

(The only ecoregions that have more birds are the NorthernIndochinaSubtropicalForests and South China-Vietnam Subtropical Evergreen Forests that extend into China.) Except the pioneering explorations of Kingdon-Ward (1921, 1930, 1952) and Burma Wildlife Survey made by Oliver Milton and Richard D. Estes (1963), few scientific surveys have been made in this ecoregion.

The Forest Inventory and Planning Institute and BirdLife International Vietnam Programme.

Unpublished report to the BirdLife International Vietnam Programme, the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources and Tay Ninh Department of Science, Technology and the Environment, with financial support from Danida.

Unpublished report to the BirdLife International Vietnam Programme, the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources and Quang Binh Provincial Forest Protection Department with financial support from Danida.