Send the Gift of Lifelong Learning!

Fall of the Pagans and the Origins of Medieval Christianity

Gifting Information

Frequently Asked Questions

With an eGift, you can instantly send a Great Course to a friend or loved one via email. It's simple:

Find the course you would like to eGift.

Under “Choose a Format,” click on Video Download or Audio Download.

Click ‘Send e-Gift’

Fill out the details on the next page. You will need the email address of your friend or family member.

Proceed with the checkout process as usual.

Once you have paid for your order, your friend or loved one will receive an email letting them know that they have a gift waiting for them at TheGreatCourses.com. That gift will be added to their My Digital Library when they log in and click to redeem it.

Why do I need to specify the email of the recipient?

We will send that person an email to notify them of your gift.

If they are already a customer, they will be able to add the gift to their My Digital Library and mobile apps.

If they are not yet a customer, we will help them set up a new account so they can enjoy their course in their My Digital Library or via our free mobile apps.

How will my friend or family member know they have a gift?

They will receive an email from The Great Courses notifying them of your eGift. The email will direct them to TheGreatCourses.com.

What if my friend or family member does not receive the email?

If the email notification is missing, first check their Spam folder. Depending on your email provider, it may have mistakenly been flagged as spam. If it is not found, please email customer service at (customerservice@thegreatcourses.com) or call 1-800-832-2412 for assistance.

How will I know they have received my eGift?

When the recipient clicks on their email and redeems their eGift, you will automatically receive an email notification.

I don’t want to send downloads. How do I gift DVDs or CDs?

eGifting only covers digital products. To purchase a DVD or CD version of a course and mail it to a friend, please call customer service at 1-800-832-2412 for assistance. Physical gifting can still be achieved online – can we describe that here and not point folks to call?

Oops! The recipient already owns the course I gifted. What now?

Great minds think alike! We can exchange the eGifted course for another course of equal value. Please call customer service at 1-800-832-2412 for assistance.

Can I select a date in the future to send my eGift?

Sorry, this feature is not available yet. We are working on adding it in the future.

What if the email associated with eGift is not for my regular Great Course account?

Please email customer service at (customerservice@thegreatcourses.com) or call our customer service team at 1-800-832-2412 for assistance. They have the ability to update the email address.

When purchasing a gift for someone, why do I have to create an account?

This is done for two reasons. One is so you can track the purchase of the order in your ‘order history’ section as well as being able to let our customer service team track your purchase and the person who received it if the need arises.

Can I return or Exchange a gift after I purchase it?

Because the gift is sent immediately, it cannot be returned or exchanged by the person giving the gift. The recipient can exchange the gift for another course of equal or lesser value, or pay the difference on a more expensive item

Frequently Asked Questions

With an eGift, you can instantly send a Great Course to a friend or loved one via email. It's simple:
1. Find the course you would like to eGift.
2. Under "Choose a Format", click on Video Download or Audio Download.
3. Click 'Send e-Gift'
4. Fill out the details on the next page. You will need to the email address of your friend or family member.
5. Proceed with the checkout process as usual.

Q: Why do I need to specify the email of the recipient?

A:
We will send that person an email to notify them of your gift. If they are already a customer, they will be able to add the gift to their My Digital Library and mobile apps. If they are not yet a customer, we will help them set up a new account so they can enjoy their course in their My Digital Library or via our free mobile apps.

Q: How will my friend or family member know they have a gift?

A:
They will receive an email from The Great Courses notifying them of your eGift. The email will direct them to TheGreatCourses.com. If they are already a customer, they will be able to add the gift to their My Digital Library and mobile apps. If they are not yet a customer, we will help them set up a new account so they can enjoy their course in their My Digital Library or via our free mobile apps.

Q: What if my friend or family member does not receive the email?

A:
If the email notification is missing, first check your Spam folder. Depending on your email provider, it may have mistakenly been flagged as spam. If it is not found, please email customer service at (customerservice@thegreatcourses.com) or call 1-800-832-2412 for assistance.

Q: How will I know they have received my eGift?

A:
When the recipient clicks on their email and redeems their eGift, you will automatically receive an email notification.

Q: What if I do not receive the notification that the eGift has been redeemed?

A:
If the email notification is missing, first check your Spam folder. Depending on your email provider, it may have mistakenly been flagged as spam. If it is not found, please email customer service at (customerservice@thegreatcourses.com) or call customer service at 1-800-832-2412 for assistance.

Q: I don't want to send downloads. How do I gift DVDs or CDs?

A:
eGifting only covers digital products. To purchase a DVD or CD version of a course and mail it to a friend, please call customer service at 1-800-832-2412 for assistance. Physical gifting can still be achieved online – can we describe that here and not point folks to call?

Q: Oops! The recipient already owns the course I gifted. What now?

A:
Great minds think alike! We can exchange the eGifted course for another course of equal value. Please call customer service at 1-800-832-2412 for assistance.

Q: Can I update or change my email address?

A:
Yes, you can. Go to My Account to change your email address.

Q: Can I select a date in the future to send my eGift?

A:
Sorry, this feature is not available yet. We are working on adding it in the future.

Q: What if the email associated with eGift is not for my regular Great Course account?

A:
Please please email customer service at (customerservice@thegreatcourses.com) or call our customer service team at 1-800-832-2412 for assistance. They have the ability to update the email address so you can put in your correct account.

Q: When purchasing a gift for someone, why do I have to create an account?

A:
This is done for two reasons. One is so you can track the purchase of the order in your ‘order history’ section as well as being able to let our customer service team track your purchase and the person who received it if the need arises.

Q: Can I return or Exchange a gift after I purchase it?

A:
Because the gift is sent immediately, it cannot be returned or exchanged by the person giving the gift. The recipient can exchange the gift for another course of equal or lesser value, or pay the difference on a more expensive item

What are priority codes?

Priority Codes are on the back of the catalog, mail promotion, or within an advertisement. To ensure that the pricing on the website is the same as what is in your catalog or advertisement, please enter the priority code provided.

What are priority codes?

Priority Codes are on the back of the catalog, mail promotion, or within an advertisement. To ensure that the pricing on the website is the same as what is in your catalog or advertisement, please enter the priority code provided.

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Protecting your privacy

The Great Courses Privacy Policy Effective Date:

July 15, 2014

Welcome to thegreatcourses.com (“The Great Courses”) Website (“Website”). The Great Courses, its subsidiaries and affiliates, or other members of our
family of companies value your participation and loyalty. We are committed to the protection of member and community privacy. The Great Courses has created
this Privacy Policy in order to demonstrate its commitment to the privacy and protection of your personal information. To better protect your privacy, The
Great Courses provides this notice explaining our information practices and the choices you can make about the way your information is collected and used.

Information about Us

Our Website is operated by The Teaching Company, LLC, 4840 Westfields Blvd., Suite 500, Chantilly, VA 20151-2299 (under the trading name of The Great
Courses). If you would like information on how to contact us, click Contact Us.

1. What Information Is Collected

The following are the types of information we may collect:

The Great Courses may collect personal information like name, telephone number, email address, date of birth, home or business mailing address, and details
regarding your mode of payment, e.g., credit/debit card or account information, when you access certain areas of the Website that require
registration or payment for products and services, or if you require more information about those services.

Non-Personal Information

At other times, The Great Courses may collect information that cannot be used to directly identify you, such as browser type, Dynamic Internet Protocol
(IP) address, “click stream” data, and similar non-personally identifiable information. For example, we may aggregate non-personal information about you
and other customers who visit certain areas of our Website. Aggregated information will not contain any information that can be linked directly back to
you.

While we take all reasonable steps to protect the privacy of our Website visitors, we cannot promise that the current limitations of our online
applications programming will address every browser setting or honor every personal browser preference. In particular, we have not implemented the
necessary program changes to honor “Do Not Track” or “DNT” browser signals. As our online applications programming is refined, we will take all reasonable
steps to honor such requests in the future. Please return to this Privacy Policy for further updates on this topic.

Further, our online service providers or business partners may implement technologies that allow for the collection of personally identifiable information
over time and across Websites. We recommend that you review each privacy policy posted on the Websites that you visit to better understand privacy
practices on those Websites.

Electronic Communications

When you open emails from us or engage in SMS or MMS communications, we may log and store such information. We may also keep records of various
communications regarding the types of products and services that you indicate are of interest to you via your response to email and text messaging. You
will always have the option to opt-out of such communications by clicking an “unsubscribe” link or replying “STOP” to our text messages.

2. How Do We Collect Information

We may collect information from you in several different areas on the Website, including, without limitation, those described below:

Registration

You may be asked to complete a registration form and provide personally identifiable information; you may also be asked to choose a user ID and password in
order to take advantage of certain features on the Website or digital messaging services, such as newsletters or contests. Your decision to register is
voluntary and you will have the opportunity to decide whether or not to disclose information to us and what communications you would like to receive;
however, please be advised that many products and services available on the Website require registration and if you elect not to provide such information,
you will not be able to take advantage of those products and services.

Contests or Sweepstakes

We periodically operate contests and sweepstakes through the Website and messaging services that will require registration or the submission of personal
information. Your personally identifiable information may be used to contact you for winner notification, prize delivery confirmation or other related
purposes (see the rules of each contest for details about how your personal information will be used, including postings to the Website).

Surveys and Games

From time-to-time we may request personally identifiable information from you in conjunction with a survey or games, such as quizzes. Participation is
voluntary, and you will have the opportunity to decide whether or not to disclose information to the Website. At times, you may have to register to vote or
to take part in a survey. When you register to play games on our Website, you may be asked to provide personally identifiable information.

Cookies and Tracking Technology

We may use any number of tools to collect information about you, your computer access points, and the web browser that you use to connect to our Website.
For example, “cookies” are tiny text files that we place on your computer’s hard drive when you visit our Website. We may use cookies to personalize your
Website experience. You do not have to accept our cookies and you may delete them after they have been placed on your hard drive. If you do not accept or
delete our cookies, some areas of our Website that you access may take more time to work, or may not function properly. For more information about cookies,
visit: http://www.allaboutcookies.org.

The Great Courses may also collect additional information from your web browser each time you visit our Website. We may collect information on the pages
that you visit, the promotions or advertisements that you click on, and other actions that you take while using our Website. This information may include
your IP address, the type of browser, the time that your browser was used to access our Website, and the referring Website address.

Our Internet Service Providers (defined below) may also use other standard web-based technologies to analyze your movements while accessing our Website.
The technologies include analytic solutions, web “beacons,” “pixel tags,” and “clear gifs.” These technologies help us ascertain the effectiveness of our
product and service campaigns and marketing programs, allow us to customize the services offered on or through our Website, and help determine the best use
for Website content, and product and service offerings. Some of this information, including the IP address, may be stored on our Internet service
provider’s server logs, and may be available for extended periods of time.

Transaction Information

If you conduct a financial or other transaction with the Website, such as subscribe to a Subscription Product or other products/services offered on the
Website, we will ask you to complete an order form that will request certain information from you, including contact information, demographic information
and/or financial information. Even though the collection form may have the look and feel of thegreatcourses.com, please be aware you may be giving your
information directly to the third party Internet Service Provider, and that in some instances such third party Internet Service Provider's Privacy Policy
will govern the collection of your personal information. Please reference the privacy policies available from these pages for any privacy related concerns.

We and/or our Internet Service Providers will use this information to complete the financial or other transaction that you have requested, i.e.,
to deliver the information, products or other services that you request or purchase, to invoice you, and in a manner consistent with this Privacy Policy.
For your protection, financial information is collected and stored through encrypted means.

We use your personal information to send you order confirmations. In such cases, you should receive via e-mail an order confirmation within moments of
placing your order. Designed to supplement your learning experience, you will receive course starter materials for every course you purchase. These
materials include the professor's summary of the course, links to recommended websites, and recommended readings. Occasionally, you will receive
interesting and compelling articles of interest on the subjects covered by our courses. From time-to-time you may receive e-mail surveys to vote for The
Great Courses you want us to make, to rate the quality of The Great Courses you have purchased, to tell us what improvements to make to The Great Courses
and our services, and to tell us which professors we should choose to make the next Great Course. We may also use your personal information to notify you
of special offers. You will receive e-mails notifying you when courses featured in our print catalogs and newsletters go on sale. These e-mails also make
ordering extremely simple—if you see courses that interest you, simply click on the links in the e-mail to find out more.

We may also use your IP address to help protect us and our Internet Service Providers from fraud. Additional uses of your non-personal and personal
information will allow us to tailor products and services specific to your needs, to help organize and manage your customer relationship and our business,
to conduct business, to provide you with customer and member support, to perform functions that are described to you at the time of collection, and to
enforce our Website’s Terms and Conditions of Use.

We may also use non-personal aggregate information to improve our Website. For example, our Internet Service Providers may report to us that there were a
particular number of visitors to a certain area of our Website, or that a certain number of men or a certain number of women completed our registration
form in particular areas of our Website. Such information may also be used to analyze the effectiveness of our business and advertising models.

4. Shared Information

We may share your personal information with the Internet Service Providers as appropriate. For personal information collected after the effective date of
this Privacy Policy, we may also share personally identifiable information with outside, non-affiliated third parties that offer products and services that
are complementary to our product lines. However, such collection and use of personal information will not be retroactively applied to personal information
collected before the effective date of this Privacy Policy, without your consent. We may also disclose your personal information as is necessary to: (a)
comply with a subpoena or court order; (b) cooperate with law enforcement or other government agency; (c) establish or exercise our legal rights; (d)
protect the property or safety of our company and employees, contractors, vendors, and suppliers; (e) defend against legal claims; (f) help with internal
and external investigations; or (g) as otherwise required by law or permitted by law. We may disclose your information in connection with the sale or
merger of The Great Courses or any transaction that involves the sale or assignment of some or all of our assets.

Third-Party ad serving, analytics, and audience and traffic measurement services: We may use a third-party network advertiser to serve the advertisements
on the Website or may use a traffic measurement service to analyze the traffic on the Website. Network advertisers are third parties that display
advertisements based on your visits to this Website and other Websites you have visited. Third-party ad serving enables us to target advertisements to you
for products or Websites you might be interested in. audience and traffic measurement services allow us to collect anonymous traffic and behavior
information from the Website by monitoring anonymous visitor activity. Although advertisers or other companies do not have access to the Website cookies,
the Website's advertisers, sponsors and/or traffic measurement services may themselves set and access their own cookies on your computer if you choose to
have your cookies enabled in your browser. Cookies allow third-party advertisers to show you advertisements or content you might be interested in. Note
that any images (or any other parts of a web page) served by third parties in association with third-party cookies may serve as web beacons, which enable
third parties to carry out the previously described activities. Other companies' uses of their cookies are subject to their own privacy policies, not this
one. Please visit http://www.networkadvertising.org/optout_nonppii.asp in order to learn more about the information collection practices and "opt-out"
procedures of third-party ad servers we may use.

With regard to name and postal address only, from time to time, we may make our mailing list available to carefully screened companies. If you prefer we
don’t share your name and postal address, please call our Customer Care team at 1-800-832-2412 or write to us at The Great Courses, 4840 Westfields Blvd.,
Suite 500, Chantilly, VA, 20151-2299. (However, because this reflects a change in practice, the new policy applies only to the names and postal addresses
of new customers added to our mailing list after October 1, 2013.)

5. Links To Third-party Websites

Links of this Website may allow you to directly access Websites operated by third parties, including, without limitation, our service providers (such as
third-party shopping cart service provider) or marketing providers. Some of these third-party marketing channels may be “co-branded” with our logo; even
so, these third-party channels are not operated, controlled or maintained by The Great Courses. These channels or links are provided for your convenience
only and should be used with your discretion and prudent judgment. Links from our Website to third-party Websites do not constitute sponsorship,
endorsement, or approval of the content, policies or practices of such third-party Websites. The collection and use of your information by such co-branding
third parties is the responsibility of the co-branding partner, and they may use your personal information for their direct marketing purposes. We are not
responsible for any information these Websites or digital channels may obtain and we do not oversee their policies or practices. This Privacy Policy does
not apply to information provided to or gathered by the third parties that operate them. The privacy policies of these third-party Websites may differ from
ours. These Websites may ask you for Personal Information. Please review the privacy policy on third-party channels before submitting information, because
we do not have control over the use of information collected on these Websites. Please review the privacy policies and practices of these digital channels
before providing any Personal Information.

6. Information Security

The Great Courses makes reasonable efforts to ensure that our Internet Service Providers have implemented physical, electronic, and procedural security
measures to assist with safeguarding your personal information, and to help protect against unauthorized access and disclosure. Only our authorized
personnel and our Internet Service Providers who perform legitimate business functions for The Great Courses are authorized to access your personal
information.

Notwithstanding our efforts, the Internet and online services have inherent security risks. The Great Courses cannot promise, and you should not expect,
that your personal information, personal searches, and other communications will always remain secure. You should take care with regard to how you handle
and disclose your personal information or any username or password that you are required to use to access services on this Website or online service.

7. Data Retention Periods

We will retain your personally identifiable information for as long as your account is active or as needed to provide you services. If you wish to cancel
your account or request that we no longer use your information to provide you services contact us at customerservice@thegreatcourses.com. We will retain and use your information as necessary to
comply with our legal obligations, resolve disputes, and enforce our agreements.

8. Other Social Media Websites, Blogs, Message Boards

The Website and The Great Courses Mobile application ("The Great Courses Mobile") may make chat rooms, forums, commenting and message boards available to
you and other users. You are not required to provide any personal information when using these areas but you may choose to do so. If you post personal
information online, it will be publicly available and you may receive unsolicited messages from other parties. In addition, when you post a comment to The
Great Courses Mobile, the user name with which you registered for the Website and your current location will be made publicly available on the Website and
through The Great Courses Mobile. By using the commenting features of the Website and The Great Courses Mobile, you acknowledge that your user name and
location information will be disclosed. We cannot ensure the security of any information you choose to make public in a chat room, forum, or message board.
Also, we cannot ensure that parties who have access to such publicly available information will respect your privacy. Please exercise caution when deciding
to disclose personal information in these areas. To request removal of your personal information from our blog or community forum, contact us at: customerservice@thegreatcourses.com. In some cases, we may not be able to remove your personal
information, in which case we will let you know if we are unable to do so and why.

9. General Audience Website Not Directed Toward Children

This Website is a general audience Website. Our content is neither directed toward minors nor children who are under the age of 13. We do not knowingly
collect personal information from children under the age of 13. If The Great Courses or our Internet Service Providers become aware that a minor or a child
under the age of 13 has provided us with personal information without the parental consent, that information will be deleted from our databases. Parents
who have questions about personal information that may have been submitted by a child under the age of 13 should email us at: customerservice@thegreatcourses.com.

10. Consent to Privacy Policy

By using the Website, you signify your agreement to the terms of this Privacy Policy. We may amend this Privacy Policy at any time. If we make a material
change to the way in which we collect, use, and/or share your personal information, we will post a notice on the Website and/or send an email to users who
have provided an email address. Please note that you should always update your personal information to provide us with a current email address.

11. Access to Personal Information and Consent to Transfer

The first time that you provide us with registration information through our Website, you may be offered the opportunity to subscribe to and receive
additional information about our products and services. After your first use, you can make changes to your personal information and your initial choices by
accessing your account or by contacting customer service e-mail at customerservice@thegreatcourses.com.

The United States may not have data privacy laws that are deemed to afford an equal level of protection for your Personal Information as those laws
legislated at the direction of the European Union or similar geopolitical, national or regional legislative bodies. However, please be assured that The
Great Courses will continue to adhere to the principles stated in this Privacy Policy and will make reasonable efforts to comply with applicable
international, national, regional, territorial, and provincial laws in connection with any information collected through the Website. The Great Courses
will endeavor to preserve the integrity, confidentiality, and security of personal information and afford such personal information reasonable level of
protection.

For those Website users located outside the United States, we advise you that your information may at times be accessible by individuals who are located
worldwide including in countries that the European Commission or other geopolitical regions have not been determined to provide the same level of data
protection as in your country, province, territory or geopolitical region. By providing us with your Personal Information, you consent to our use of it in
accordance with The Great Courses’ Privacy Policy, including the transfer of your information across international boundaries to jurisdictions anywhere in
the world as permitted by local law.

12. Your California Privacy Rights

Other than as is stated by this Privacy Policy, the Great Courses will not share any personal information about you with outside third-parties for their
direct marketing purposes to the extent prohibited by California law, unless you agree otherwise as authorized by your prior written consent.

California residents have the right to request information from The Great Courses regarding the manner that we may share personal information with
affiliated companies and third parties for their direct marketing purposes. To find out what and how we share such information, you may send us an e-mail
request at: customerservice@thegreatcourses.com or mail a request to: Privacy Officer, The Great
Courses 4840 Westfields Blvd. Suite #500 Chantilly, VA 20151-2299, and receive the following information:

A. The categories of information we disclosed to third parties for their direct marketing purposes during the preceding calendar year, if any;

B. The names and addresses of the third parties who received information for their direct marketing purposes; and

C. Examples of the products and services subject to the third-parties’ direct marketing programs, if the nature of the third parties’ business cannot be
determined from their names.

Fall of the Pagans and the Origins of Medieval Christianity

While this set works well in both audio and video format, one or more of the courses in this set feature graphics to enhance your learning experience, including illustrations, images of people and event, and on-screen text.

Course Overview

About This Course

24 lectures | 31 minutes per lecture

Why did pagan Rome, which had a history of tolerating other faiths, clash with early Christians? What was it like, under Roman law, to be a Jew or a Christian? What led to the great persecutions of Christians? Above all else, how did Christianity ultimately achieve dominance in the Roman Empire, eclipsing paganism in one of the most influential turning points in the history of Western civilization?

Answers to these and similar questions are important for the sheer fact that much of today's world is still governed by principles drawn from the Judeo-Christian heritage that gained primacy as a result of Christianity's triumph over the paganism of ancient Rome. Two thousand years after this earth-shattering change, many of these principles still determine how most of today's Western world—both Christian and non-Christian alike—thinks about ethics, sin, redemption, forgiveness, progress, and so much more.

View More

Why did pagan Rome, which had a history of tolerating other faiths, clash with early Christians? What was it like, under Roman law, to be a Jew or a Christian? What led to the great persecutions of Christians? Above all else, how did Christianity ultimately achieve dominance in the Roman Empire, eclipsing paganism in one of the most influential turning points in the history of Western civilization?

Answers to these and similar questions are important for the sheer fact that much of today's world is still governed by principles drawn from the Judeo-Christian heritage that gained primacy as a result of Christianity's triumph over the paganism of ancient Rome. Two thousand years after this earth-shattering change, many of these principles still determine how most of today's Western world—both Christian and non-Christian alike—thinks about ethics, sin, redemption, forgiveness, progress, and so much more.

Discover the true story behind this ethical and religious legacy with The Fall of the Pagans and the Origins of Medieval Christianity, a historically focused discussion of the dramatic interaction between Judaism, Christianity, and paganism from the 1st to the 6th centuries. Presented by Professor Kenneth W. Harl of Tulane University—an award-winning teacher, classical scholar, and one of the most esteemed historians on The Great Courses faculty—these 24 lectures allow you to explore in great depth the historical reasons that Christianity was able to emerge and endure and, in turn, spark a critical transition for religion, culture, and politics.

An All-Encompassing Picture of a Critical Era

While the Judeo-Christian values that have shaped society's ideas are ones we might today take for granted, their emergence from an ancient era dominated by loyalties to a vast array of gods would once have seemed the most unlikely of narratives. Even after the Roman emperor Constantine converted to Christianity in A.D. 312, it would not be until the 6th-century reign of Justinian that medieval Christianity would emerge and this new historical pathway would finally be confirmed.

Professor Harl's magnificent course enables you to grasp the full historical sweep of this monumental transition by creating an all-encompassing picture of this critically important era. While some philosophical and theological content is included to clarify important points of transition, the focus of The Fall of the Pagans and the Origins of Medieval Christianity is—above all else—on its most important and fascinating episodes, among which are these:

Emperor Nero's rescript in A.D. 64, which not only ordered the persecution of Christians in the city of Rome but also made the faith illegal throughout the empire. As the first religion ever banned in the Roman world, Christianity would be forced to develop new institutions and new ways of spreading its message.

The Battle of the Milvian Bridge in A.D. 312, where Emperor Constantine won a victory described in the only two literary accounts—both written by Christian authors—as having been deliberately fought under the Christian symbol of the Chi Ro. Professor Harl offers a probing analysis of what he believes Emperor Constantine's real motives were for fighting in this battle.

The reign of Theodosius I (A.D. 379 to 395), under which laws were passed banning public sacrifice throughout the Roman Empire and making Christianity the only legitimate religion. This crucial reign, according to Professor Harl, signified not only the death knell of Roman paganism but the first steps in the creation of the persecuting society of medieval Europe.

New Insights into the Sources of Western Beliefs

The Fall of the Pagans and the Origins of Medieval Christianity also introduces you to a wide variety of individuals whose actions helped shape the history of this turbulent time, including these:

Rulers like Augustus and Justinian, whose decisions would define—and redefine—the relationship between paganism, Judaism, and Christianity and how Jews and Christians would subsequently respond through words, deeds, and rituals

Proselytizers for the new faith, including James and Paul, and the different viewpoints they represented in the development of early Christianity

Religious thinkers such as Clement and Origen, who would go on to become the first theologians of the emerging Christian faith

Ascetics such as Saint Anthony and Barsauma, a warlike monk said to be so terrifying that he could inspire conversions in the villages of Syria and Phoenicia through the sheer fear raised by his arrival

Philosophical thinkers such as Galen, who was also a noted pagan critic of the new Christian faith and thus an active participant in the exchanges with Christian apologists that served to educate and hone the arguments put forth by both sides

You'll also witness Christianity's growing influence on not only the visual arts (including architecture and the redesignation of pagan temples for Christian uses) but on the world of letters, including, ironically, the preservation of the classical writings of ancient Greece so important to understanding the pagan world.

A Masterful Historian, an Exceptional Teacher

Professor Harl is the ideal choice for crafting such an all-encompassing picture of this critically important era. In addition to garnering honors for his skills as a lecturer—which include two-time recognition as the recipient of Tulane University's Sheldon Hackney Award for Excellence in Teaching, voted on by both students and faculty—he regularly leads students to Turkey on educational excursions or as assistants on excavations of Hellenistic and Roman sites.

His own photographs of temples and other architectural features, cult statues, coins, and other telling artifacts bring the history and the events in this course to vivid life. Combined with a rich array of other visual aids, including maps, illustrations, and animations, these features help make The Fall of the Pagans and the Origins of Medieval Christianity a vibrant trek through the past—one that will lead you to a deeper understanding of the bedrock beliefs of Western culture.

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24 Lectures

1

Religious Conflict in the Roman World

The Christianization of the Roman world is one of the most important turning points in Western civilization. This lecture introduces you to the issues you will consider and the scholars whose seminal theories serve as the gateways to the course's different lines of exploration. x

2

Gods and Their Cities in the Roman Empire

How were pagan gods worshiped in ancient Rome? Using evidence both literary and archaeological, grasp the diverse assortment of religious practices in an empire that ranged from Britain to Egypt and comprised a fifth of the world's population. x

3

The Roman Imperial Cult

Learn how Rome's first emperor, Augustus, established an institution to venerate an emperor's spirit, or genius, which would then reside as a god on Mount Olympus. See how emperors took pains to deify their predecessors so as to position themselves next among that honored line. x

4

The Mystery Cults

Mystery cults were believed to be the worship to a particular god and involved the choice to join and undergo an initiation rite. You examine specific cults and the controversial question of whether they did, in fact, form a bridge between paganism and Christianity, as some scholars maintain. x

5

Platonism and Stoicism

Understand the powerful influence of philosophy—particular Platonism and Stoicism—on the morality and conduct of Rome's ruling classes. It was an influence rarely matched in the Western tradition, with even Christian theologians employing the doctrines of these two philosophical schools in defining their own faith. x

6

Jews in the Roman Empire

What role did Judaism play in the Roman Empire? Learn how Rome's experience with this stalwart monotheistic faith—the first it had encountered—differed from the challenge of the Christian faith that would emerge from it. x

7

Christian Challenge—First Conversions

Experience the first years of efforts to convert people to Christianity. Begin with the early leadership by James of those who were often called Jewish Christians and continue with the career of Paul, from his own conversion after a vision to his work propagating the message of Jesus. x

8

Pagan Response—First Persecutions

Learn about early responses to Christianity, from the violent persecutions in Rome under Nero to the legalistic and easily avoided persecutions under later emperors. Grasp, too, the consequences of Roman ignorance of Christianity and the eventual momentum that ignorance would eventually give the new faith. x

9

Christian Bishops and Apostolic Churches

Nero's outlawing of a specific religion—unprecedented in Roman history—forced Christians to discover new ways to proselytize. Discover how the ideas of apostolic succession and a recognized canon shaped the voice with which Christianity could speak to the world. x

10

Pagan Critics and Christian Apologists

Explore how both Christianity's pagan critics and its apologists reveals not only an evolution in pagan understanding of the new faith but a corresponding increase in the sophistication of the writings set forth by those defending it. x

11

First Christian Theologians

Examine the work of Saint Clement, who established Christianity's claim to equality with the pagans as heirs to classical intellectual culture, and of Origen, whose ability to argue in Platonic terms and contributions to defining the canon make him one of the most important thinkers in Christian history. x

12

Imperial Crisis and Spiritual Crisis

The stability and peace of the Roman Empire was shattered with the assassination of Severus Alexander, and the ensuing political and military crisis transformed the Roman world. Many have maintained that this crisis paved the way for large-scale Christian conversion, but there are tantalizing arguments to the contrary. x

13

The Great Persecutions

Analyze two great periods of empire-wide persecution distinct from the largely localized ones examined earlier. Learn how Christian martyrdom was perceived very differently by the pagan and Christian communities, and that its ability to bring about conversions may have been minimal. x

14

The Spirit of Late Paganism

Explore how the spiritual life of paganism fared during the political and military crises examined in the preceding lectures. See how these had an impact on not only pagan worship but also the intellectual work of pagan philosophers like Plotinus and the emergence of an independent religion known as Manichaeism. x

15

Imperial Recovery under the Tetrarchs

The 20-year period known as the Tetrarchy—during which the emperor Diocletian shared imperial power with three colleagues--was critical to the Roman Empire, ending civil war and invasion, restoring order and prosperity, and giving Rome something it had never had: a principle of succession. x

16

The Conversion of Constantine

Analyze one of the most decisive turning points in Roman history and of Western civilization. Interpret the legendary story as it has come down to us in light of recent scholarship and what we now understand about Constantine's world and the forces that would have motivated him. x

17

Constantine and the Bishops

See how the same principle that had always steered Rome's efficient use of power—absorbing institutions rather than simply crushing them—was used to create a new hierarchy within the Roman imperial system from the existing network of apostolic churches. x

18

Christianizing the Roman World

How and why did Constantine set about making the Christian faith central to Roman life? See how his vision unfolded in multiple areas, including the reshaping of the urban landscape to claim public and religious space, economic changes, and the use of pilgrimages and Christian missionary activity. x

19

The Birth of Christian Aesthetics and Letters

Explore how Christians managed to alter the cultural heritage of their pagan past—including architecture and the visual and literary arts—in ways that made this heritage distinctly Christian while still preserving as much of it as possible. x

20

The Emperor Julian and the Pagan Reaction

Experience what happened when a Christianizing Roman world was told by their new emperor that decades of change would be undone and that Rome's religious and cultural history would again be reversed, this time turning back to paganism and a restoration of the old gods. x

21

Struggle over Faith and Culture

Grasp how the death of Julian the Apostate—and the end of his short-lived program to restore paganism's dominant role—forced the empire to grapple with two all-encompassing questions: Could the Constantinian revolution in fact be reversed? What religion would take charge in the Roman world? x

22

New Christian Warriors—Ascetics and Monks

Take in the different perceptions of asceticism by pagans and Christians and how Christian ascetics and monks, in particular, proselytized and won conversions to Christianity with a power and influence that even the Roman Empire could not have matched. x

23

Turning Point—Theodosius I

Witness the crucial turning point in the spread of Christianity in the Roman world. Three new laws opened the floodgates for the destruction of pagan sanctuaries, a ban on public sacrifices, and the declaration of Nicene Christianity as the only legitimate faith and a requirement for citizenship. x

24

Justinian and the Demise of Paganism

Learn how Justinian, even in a Roman world still predominantly pagan, implemented a "persecuting society" that would ensure, by the time of his death, a Western world where being civilized was defined as being Christian, as were its notions of the divine and the ethical. x

Lecture Titles

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Ph.D. Kenneth W. Harl

Tulane University

Dr. Kenneth W. Harl is Professor of Classical and Byzantine History at Tulane University in New Orleans, where he teaches courses in Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Crusader history. He earned his B.A. from Trinity College and his M.A. and Ph.D. from Yale University. Recognized as an outstanding lecturer, Professor Harl has received numerous teaching awards at Tulane, including the coveted Sheldon H. Hackney Award. He has earned Tulane's annual Student Body Award for Excellence in Teaching nine times and is the recipient of Baylor University's nationwide Robert Foster Cherry Award for Great Teachers. In 2007, he was the Lewis P. Jones Visiting Professor in History at Wofford College. An expert on classical Anatolia, he has taken students with him into the field on excursions and to assist in excavations of Hellenistic and Roman sites in Turkey. Professor Harl has also published a wide variety of articles and books, including his current work on coins unearthed in an excavation of Gordion, Turkey, and a new book on Rome and her Iranian foes. A fellow and trustee of the American Numismatic Society, Professor Harl is well known for his studies of ancient coinage. He is the author of Civic Coins and Civic Politics in the Roman East, A.D. 180-275 and Coinage in the Roman Economy, 300 B.C. to A.D. 700.

Reviews

Rated 4.8 out of 5 by 44
reviewers.

Rated 5 out of 5 by Jacqueline Divine doings, top-down and bottoms-up
DVD review.
Christianity rose from nothing to become within 400 years the official religion of the Roman Empire, the military power responsible for crucifying its founder. This is an astounding development that begs for explanation. Believers, of course, see God's hand in this. But can historical scholarship shed more down-to-earth light on the whole process?
Theories abound. The most extreme fall into two camps:
• BOTTOMS UP: Thanks to Christian proselytizing and the death of martyrs under Roman persecution, the Jesus movement attracted new followers among the downtrodden. Eventually, their numbers grew so large that Emperor Constantine (272-337 BCE) could no longer ignore them.
• TOP DOWN: Constantine cynically "tried out" a Christian symbol (one of many) to rally his superstitious troops before a crucial battle at the Milvian Bridge near Rome. His victory encouraged him to promote the new faith as a tool to stabilize his crumbling, polyglot empire.
I am exaggerating a bit to make a point, but notice that neither of these perspectives nullify the other. Constantine would not have used a Christian symbol had it not already been familiar among his troops. What else can be said?
Dr. Harl's THE FALL OF THE PAGANS AND THE ORIGINS OF MEDIEVAL CHRISTIANITY is an attempt to weigh both alternatives and fill out some details from a historian's point of view. He is only concerned with the "big" contest between Greco-Roman paganism and Christianity — the contest that changed the course of Western civilization — not the spread of Christianity among other pagans such as the Celts or the Norse.
More specifically his focus is the Eastern Mediterranean — Palestine, Turkey, Greece and the Balkan regions — where St. Paul was most active in the early days of the Jesus movement. This might seem restricted compared to the Roman Empire as a whole, but that is where the earliest manifestations of Christian thought in written form appeared, and where Harl's expertise lies.
Long story short, Dr Harl explores both the top-down and bottoms-up options and comes up with some of each, with more weight given to the first.
After the first wave of persecution under Nero, proselytizing in public was not an option. Christianity spread slowly through family networks among tradesmen, some of whom were wealthy enough to use their homes for communal meals. Thus their numbers amounted to approximately 10% of the empire's population by Constantine's time, hardly enough to "force" his interest. More important than percentages, however, was the community's hierarchical organization, its scriptural basis and the growing sophistication of its apologetic literature. This was no rabble. Constantine respected that.
But at the end of the day, Constantine was a military man and his interest in religion was very down-to-earth. Could it bring victory? Even at the town or parish level, bishops were expected to be exorcists, miracle workers and community organizers, all tangible things.
I'm only giving you a glimpse, as Harl explores in great detail how paganism and then Christianity "worked" at the local and imperial levels. Paganism and its many festivals communicated common values and promoted the exchange of services across social groups that were very hierarchically-minded. It was never "idol worship". No religion ever is.
When Christianity took over, therefore, it had to satisfy the same needs.
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Presentation was very good with plenty of maps, geographical pictures and even CGI images to explain architectural developments. On its own, this is an excellent course best seen in video form.
TTC has produced many other course covering early Christianity. How does this one compare?
Dr Ehrman's historical Jesus series is primarily concerned with the ultimate victory of an orthodoxy under the Bishop of Rome, over a multitude of "Christianities" that flourished briefly after Jesus' death. How close can we get to what Jesus probably said?
Dr Johnson's many courses, including his most recent HISTORY OF CHRISTIANITY, is less concerned with "Jesus" and more with "Christ", the collective image of God that survived among tiny bands of Greek-speaking followers left behind after Paul's death. We cannot go behind Paul's letters and the Synoptic Gospels to discover anything "real" because no third-party, non-Christian records exist that describe Jesus in any detail.
Ehrman and Johnson are primarily interested in Christianity as a religious phenomena — its inner dynamics and doctrinal conundrums.
This is not Harl's focus. He is more concerned with the Roman Empire as an evolving social entity, crumbling away by the 300s. How did the Christian religion, however defined, orthodox or not, affect this entity?
Strongly recommended for ancient history enthusiasts.
April 14, 2013

Rated 5 out of 5 by AlabamaLawyer Brilliant Scholarship!
Prof. Harl is one of the most erudite scholars employed by the The Teaching Compnay. This is my second DVD course with Prof. Harl and one of the most interesting that TLC has produced. If you are interested in a genuine study of the early Christian church that is supported by honest and even-handed scholarship, then this is course that you will want to obtain.
Prof. Harl possesses a deep and systematic knowledge of the Roman Empire (one of his other courses - 'Rome and the Barbarians' - might be considered a supplement to this course) as well as other factors of history, geography, culture, languages, and religious practices of the Mediterranean world. He lectures easily and keeps your attention throughout each 30 minute lecture. The added slides, diagrams, photos, coins, maps, and other visual aids are a great addition to the lecture.
Prof. Harl is not a theologian like Prof. Timothy Luke Johnson or Bart Ehrman, but a professional historian. Therefore, his approach to early Church history and the development of Church canon and structure is quite different than that of either Johnson or Ehrman. I think for a fair assessment of the development of the early Christinian church, it is important to use all valididated sources, and this especially includes archaeological materials which include writings, coins, excavations, other documents that can provide detailed information of that time and place.
This course could easily be considered a transistional course between history and religion. The course clearly supplements and offers significant and scholastic historical details to both Ehrman's courses 'The New Testiment' and 'From Jesus to Constantine' and Prof.Johnson's courses 'Jesus and the Gospels' and 'The Apostle Paul.'
Highly recommended!
November 24, 2012

Rated 5 out of 5 by suppresst It's Harl; of Course This Offering is Excellent
I've no doubt that Professor Kenneth W. Harl must drive a great many god-haters nuts, because they probably buy this course with the expectation that Harl will hurl invective upon Christians and the church for their role and methodology in transforming Western civilization from pagan to Christian. Instead, Harl is ever the true scholar, adhering closely to the facts, and where the facts lead; not allowing bias or prejudice to influence his delivery.
This is a typical masterful Harl overview of the subject matter and I can no find no fault with it, only praise.
December 26, 2014

Rated 5 out of 5 by geoperky Fall of Pagans...Birth of Intolerance.
Audio download (according to some trusted reviewers, it might be worthwhile to spend a little more for the video/DVD version).
Dr Harl presents a social history of the Roman Empire from the time of Augustus to Justinian, focusing on the evolution from polytheism to christian monotheism. His presentation is both well-organized and direct...a style I much prefer in lecturers. The course notes are very well done lacking only maps and images that may have been included in the video versions.
As many of the reviewers have noted (even Dr Harl says many times) this course is not an exhaustive treatment of this time period, but addresses the sometimes peculiar aspects of the spread of Christianity, particularly due to the early organizational characteristics of the bishoprics...and how that morphed into early Roman law, thanks largely to Constantine.
I was impressed more with the last few (Lectures 22-24) lectures, most particularly the last. From the notes, Dr Harl summarizes that from the time of Justinian: "For the next 12 centuries, the notions of the divine and of ethics came out of the age of Justinian. His world was the basis for the religious and ethical
values of the West down to this day. ". And regarding the Justinian-authorized treatment of the Jews: "...beginning a dreary record of anti-Sem*tism that continued throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern age." Maybe the pagans did some things right....
Highly recommended and well worth revisiting...watch for a sale and a coupon.
December 26, 2014