AP euro ch 18

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Louis XVI

Leader prior to the French Revolution. He was known as a leader that lacked in character, resolution, and political skills to resolve disputes of French debt. Eventually building up to a rebellion with hesitation, retreated, and lying. Beheaded.

parlements

Regional judicial bodies that was usually conferred by the crow before making rulings hta would affect them. putting limit on one single power.

Jacques Necker

A new royal director-general of finances who was a Swiss Banker published a public report in 1781 that tried to convince the debt situation was not as bad. Publication angered aristocrats and Necker left office. Made it harder for the French Government to raise tax without questions.

Estates General

A medieval institution that had not met since 1614 was called upon by the Assembly of Notables(people nominated by monarchy and arist.)to approve any and all taxes. Believed the old way was best.

National Assembly

Derived from the Esates General. Specifically the third estate broke off beasue of the refusal to sit as a separate order as the king desired. After that they invited nobles and clergy to join.

Third Estate

A group originated by the Estates General that composed of representation of "everyone else " in France. Mainly its representatives were wealthy leaders of the commercial and professional middle class.

Cahiers de doleances

The list of grievances that was brought to the Estates general registered by local electors.

Women's March on Versailles

7,000 women marched on Versailles with knives, pikes, guns demanding more bread. Pushed for the sanction of the Assembly. Moved Louis to Paris. Declined price in bread.

Olympe de Gouges

A butchers daughter outlined the Declaration of the rights of man with women. Called for equality of sexes

Chapelier Law

A law enacted by the Assembly that crushed the attempts of urban workers to protect teir wages. Forbid worker associations'

assignats

having chosen to plunder the chruch the Assembly authorized government bonds . Their value was generated from the sale of church property.

The Civil Constitution of the Clergy

National Assembly changed the Roman Catholic Church in France into a branch of the secular state. reduced number of bishoprics by 135 % to 83%

Declaration of Pillnitz

A declaration given by Emperor Leopold II of Austria and King Fredrick William II agrred to intervene in France to protect the Royal Family and preserve the Monarchy.

Jacobins

An influential club formed by the Third Estate. They had the most advance political group in the National Constituent Assembly

Girondists

A separated group or faction of the Jacobin Club that resisted the spiraling momentum of revolution they came into conflict wit the Mountains and eventually led to the fall of Griondists and mass execution.

Edmund Burke

Irish born and British Statesman argued a different position in "Reflections on the Revolution in France". Burke condemned the reconstruction of the French administration as the application of a blind rationalism that ignored the historical realities of political development.

Committee of Public Safety

Designed to carry out the executive duties of the government. Almost enjoyed dictatorial power. Saw their task as saving the revolution from mortal enemies at home and abroad.

levee en masse

a military requisition on the entire population, conscripting males into the army and directing economic production to military purposes.

Thermidorian Reaction

consisted of the destruction of the machinery of terror (guillotine) and the establishment of a new constitutional regime.

Directory

The group of the executive body that consisted of five members chosen by Elders would choose form a list of 500 submitted.