arts abroad

Visual Arts Abroad: Art and Literature in Paris

Adrienne Baxter Bell and Cecilia Feilla

In previous years, Visual Arts Abroad (Art 288) has taken as its theme Florence and Rome
(2006) and Athens (2007). This year, the spotlight was on Paris, one of the most exciting cities in the
world for artists and writers. Professor Adrienne Baxter Bell (Art History) and Professor Cecilia
Feilla (English) co-taught the course and developed an original theme for it: Art and Literature in
Paris. Coursework focused on intersections between these two creative forms, so that as students
visited important sites in and around Paris, from 10–18 January 2008, they discussed both the site and
literary counterparts to its art and architecture. The class contained students from a wide variety of
majors, including English, Communication Arts, Dance, Studio Art, Art History, and Sociology.

Each day in Paris was based on a theme, such as “Gothic: The Object and The Myth,” “The
Nineteenth-century Flâneur,” “Early Modern Impulses in Art and Literature,” and “The Surrealist
Gesture.” Students read assigned texts in advance of the trip, explored works of art and architecture
in Paris, and engaged in topical discussions in museums and historical sites. Elements of the wildly
fantastic came to life in the architectural details of Notre-Dame, in Victor Hugo’s Romantic novel,
Notre-Dame de Paris (Hunchback of Notre Dame). Strikingly bold paintings by the French Realist Gustave
Courbet (1819–1877), seen in a massive retrospective at the Grand Palais, reified the artist’s passion
for independence, as expressed in his “Letter to Young Artists,” and in Honoré de Balzac’s vivid
portrait of the life of the artist, in his novella, The Unknown Masterpiece. When visiting the Musée
Rodin, home and studio of the French sculptor Auguste Rodin (1840–1917), students compared the
artist’s tangible sculptures to their mythologized incarnations in Edward Steichen’s photographs and
his memoir, A Life in Photography. A day-trip to the Chateau of Versailles—home to French kings
from Louis XIV to Louis XVI—inspired comparisons between the kaleidoscopic illusions of space
in the Galerie des Glaces (Hall of Mirrors) and the similarly callisthenic literary devices of Molière
(through an excerpt from his Tartuffe ou l’Imposteur and the one-act, Rehearsal at Versailles) and of the
maxims of François de La Rochefoucauld. In the Beaubourg Museum (Centre Georges Pompidou),
class discussions focused on the nature of Modernism. Spatial and textual games in Pablo Picasso’s
collages found their ideal counterpart in the modernist poetry of Apollinaire and Gertrude Stein.
Likewise, the highly eclectic art collection of André Breton set the stage for a discussion of his
landmark text “What is Surrealism?” and the literary innovations and scandals of Henry Miller’s
Tropic of Cancer.

Here are some reactions to the trip:

On Chartres Cathedral

"If I had to pick a favorite moment from the trip, I think I would have to pick Chartres Cathedral. It
gave me a real feeling of what a Gothic Cathedral during that time period in France would have been
like. The stained glass was so beautiful, like nothing I have ever seen before. I especially loved how
each stained glass told a different story. The work was so detailed and read just like a book.”
—Allyson Noonan, '08

“Regardless of the tortuously blustery and turbulent weather, my first shadowy glance of Chartres
Cathedral instantly made an unimaginable impression on me….Walking toward the cathedral and
gazing at the façades, the untouched stone and unclean surfaces made it possible to remove oneself
from the reality of current times into the Middle Ages when religion was the source and justification
for people’s earthly existence.”—Elis Estrada-Simpson, ‘09

On Visiting the Louvre Museum

“I absolutely loved visiting the Louvre, especially coming out during the night from the pyramid and
looking at the spectacular twinkling stars in the sky. I was really overwhelmed by the Louvre’s size; it
is immense, with so much to see.”
—Katherine Rimola, ‘09

Visiting the Courbet exhibition at The Grand Palais

“Entering the Courbet exhibition, it was as if the curator thought he was Courbet himself. The
exhibit almost said, “This is who I am and how I am going to show myself to you.”—Christy Ellis, ‘10

On Visiting the Musée Delacroix

“In the Delacroix museum, the paintings seem to become more alive than in a larger museum…
Here, the artist has become more human and we related to him in a way that is not necessarily
through the commonness of work but through living life.”—Desiree Fortina, ‘08

“It was neat to learn that “Liberty Leading the People” was painted by Delacroix who was inspired
by Victor Hugo’s poems. I loved how the poets and the artists were all inspired by each other during
the time because it really helps document their history and what was going on during the time.” —Kathryn Rimola `08

On Notre Dame, Paris

“The fact that we, students, could interact with such a building causes feelings of the sublime…The
cathedral as a whole shouts pride for its people.”—Maggie Fischer, ‘09

On visiting the Musée Rodin

“Researching and viewing Rodin’s work first hand was inspirational to me. He captured the human
form in fluid, natural movements and sought the everyday realism within his sculptures.”
—Christy Ellis, ‘10

On Visiting the Beaubourg

“During our trip in Paris, we visited the Beaubourg, which was one of my favorite places to see.
Before the trip, I was always in love with modern art, although after my experience on the trip I have
a greater appreciation for art history.”—Katherine Rimola, ‘09

An Artist’s Reaction to Paris

“As an artist, it is almost impossible to leave Paris not feeling inspired. The city itself is one of the
most beautiful places I have ever seen… What was most inspiring to me was getting a chance to see
hundreds upon hundreds of artworks that Paris houses in its many museums and exhibits.”—Olivia Clopton, ‘10