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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge B. Hartman for assistance with figures, N. Doria-Rose, G. Ippolito, and M. Kanekiyo for advice and guidance, S. Lucas, and K. Zhou for help with experiments, S. Darko for assistance with data processing, and E. Shusta and S. Harrison for kindly sharing reagents and research tools. This work was funded in part by the intramural research program of the Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, NIH grant DP5OD023118-01 to B.J.D., NIH grant 5R21CA191239-01 to A.D.E., Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. contract 15X219, DTRA contract HDTRA1-12-C-0105, and NIH grant 1R56AI106006 to G.G.

Author information

Author notes

Bo Wang

& Brandon J DeKosky

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations

Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.

Bo Wang

, Jiwon Lee

, Jonathan R McDaniel

, George Delidakis

, William N Voss

& George Georgiou

Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Brandon J DeKosky

, Morgan R Timm

, Erica Normandin

, John Misasi

, Rui Kong

, Kendra E Leigh

, Thomas Niezold

, Chang W Choi

, Elise G Viox

, Alberto Cagigi

, Aurélie Ploquin

, Kwanyee Leung

, Eun Sung Yang

, Wing-Pui Kong

, David R Ambrozak

, Amy R Henry

, Farida Laboune

, Julie E Ledgerwood

, Barney S Graham

, Daniel C Douek

, Nancy J Sullivan

& John R Mascola

Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.

Brandon J DeKosky

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.