tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3990531224155590172014-11-04T01:25:37.590-08:00debairaRakeshnoreply@blogger.comBlogger209125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-69867740983764160162009-07-03T06:02:00.000-07:002009-07-04T10:01:52.304-07:00Quick Firefox 3.5 Installation Guide<span style="font-weight: bold;font-size:130%;" >10 simple steps to install Firefox 3.5 on your Linux PC</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">1. </span><span style="font-style: italic;">Download</span> the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Firefox 3.5</span> from <a href="http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/products/download.html?product=firefox-3.5&amp;os=linux%E2%8C%A9=en-US">here</a><br /><br />For example, on my Linux PC, I have downloaded Firefox 3.5 (firefox-3.5.tar.bz2) in my <span style="font-weight: bold;">Download</span> folder:<br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">[rakesh@debian Download]$</span> <span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> ls</span><br />firefox-3.5.tar.bz2<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">2.<span style="font-style: italic;"> </span></span><span style="font-style: italic;">Make</span> a folder (e.g. for me, <span style="font-weight: bold;">install</span>) in your home<br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">[rakesh@debian ~]$</span> <span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">mkdir install</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">3.</span> <span style="font-style: italic;">Move</span> firefox-3.5.tar.bz2 from your gnome Desktop or <span style="font-weight: bold;">Download</span> folder to<span style="font-weight: bold;"> install </span>folder (the folder where you have downloaded <span style="font-weight: bold;">firefox-3.5.tar.bz2</span> file)<br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">[rakesh@debian ~]$</span> <span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">mv /home/rakesh/Download/</span>firefox-3.5.tar.bz2<span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> install/</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">4. </span><span style="font-style: italic;">Goto</span> the <span style="font-weight: bold;">install</span> folder<br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">[rakesh@debian ~]$</span> <span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">cd install/</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">[rakesh@debian install]$</span> <span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">ls</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0);">firefox-3.5.tar.bz2</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">5.<span style="font-style: italic;"> </span></span><span style="font-style: italic;">Extract</span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">firefox-3.5.tar.bz2</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> file</span></span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">[rakesh@debian install]$ </span><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">tar -xvf </span>firefox-3.5.tar.bz2<br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0);">firefox/</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0);"> firefox/update.locale</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0);"> firefox/plugins/</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0);"> firefox/plugins/libnullplugin.so</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0);"> firefox/Throbber-small.gif</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0);"> firefox/components/</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0);"> firefox/components/nsSessionStore.js</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0);"> firefox/components/nsFilePicker.js</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0);"> ..........</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0);"> .</span>....<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">6. </span><span><span style="font-style: italic;">Go</span>to</span><span style="font-weight: bold;"> firefox </span><span>folder</span><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br /><br /></span><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);"> [rakesh@debian ]$ </span><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">cd firefox</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">[rakesh@debian firefox]$</span> <span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">pwd</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0);">/home/rakesh/install/firefox</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">7. </span><span style="font-style: italic;">Make</span> a symbolic link to launch Firefox 3.5<br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">[rakesh@debian firefox]$</span> <span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">ln -s /home/rakesh/install/firefox/firefox ~/Desktop/Firefox3.5</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">8.</span><span style="font-style: italic;"> Make </span><em></em> it (Firefox 3.5) <em></em>executable<br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">[rakesh@debian firefox]$ </span><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">chmod +x ~/Desktop/Firefox3.5</span><br /><br />To open Firefox, from the command line you would type: firefox &amp;<br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">[rakesh@debian firefox]$ </span><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">firefox &amp;</span><br /><br />If steps 7 and 8 do not work for you then follow an alternative option at step 9<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">9.<span style="font-style: italic;"> </span></span><span style="font-style: italic;"> Goto</span> your gnome Desktop and<br /><br /><span style="font-style: italic;"> </span><span style="font-size:100%;">a) Right click on the gnome <span style="font-weight: bold;">Desktop</span> and<br /></span><span style="font-size:100%;"> b) select the<span style="font-weight: bold;"> Create Launcher</span>... option<br /></span><span style="font-size:100%;"> c) click the button labeled <span style="font-weight: bold;">Basic</span><br /></span><span style="font-size:100%;"> d) type in "<span style="font-weight: bold;">Name:</span>" field :<span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> </span></span><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-size:100%;" >Firefox 3.5</span><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"> e) type </span><span style="font-size:100%;"> in "<span style="font-weight: bold;">Command:</span>" field: </span><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">/home/rakesh/install/firefox/firefox</span><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"> f) type in "<span style="font-weight: bold;">Comment:</span>" field:<span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"> </span></span><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-size:100%;" >Firefox 3.5</span><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"> g) now click <span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">Close</span> button</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">10. </span>You will see a Firfox 3.5 logo on your <span style="font-weight: bold;">Desktop</span> and just click the logo to launch <span style="font-weight: bold;">Firefox 3.5</span> and browser the web.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-style: italic;">Enjoy</span> </span><span style="color: rgb(255, 153, 255); font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Firefox 3.5</span> </span><span style="font-weight: bold;">... :)</span><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-7144516747127757702009-07-01T23:08:00.000-07:002009-07-01T23:35:05.130-07:00Todo.txt CLI Manages Your Tasks from the Command Line<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SkxURRVxbEI/AAAAAAAAAxY/-uK7w1TbSB8/s1600-h/todotxt20-header.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 165px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SkxURRVxbEI/AAAAAAAAAxY/-uK7w1TbSB8/s320/todotxt20-header.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5353746712725908546" border="0" /></a> Dozens of fancy point-and-click task managers promise to organize your to-do list, but so often power users find that nothing outdoes that trusty old classic: the <code>todo.txt</code> file. <p>If you're a command line lover who skips checkboxes and drop-downs to dash off notes and tasks in a regular old text file, or you're intrigued by the idea and <em>wish</em> your todo.txt chops were stronger, read on.</p> <p><br /><br />Gina has been a heavy <code>todo.txt</code> user for years. Back in 2006, he started <a href="http://lifehacker.com/183429/todotxt-in-action">developing a command line interface (CLI) to my todo.txt</a> which lets him add to and check off items without launching a full-on text editor. Three years of daily (or at least weekly) use later, version 2.0 of the script is now available. It offers basic to advanced commands for managing your <code>todo.txt</code> and other text files you might use to capture information, like <code>ideas.txt</code> or <code>maybelater.txt</code>. Let's take a look.</p> <p><b>Who This Is Meant For</b>: If you're comfortable working in the terminal, changing permissions on a file, and working with Unix-style text commands, then the <code>todo.txt</code> CLI is for you. If you don't spend a good amount of time at the command line—either in the Terminal on your Mac, or using a Unix command line or emulator on Windows—you're going to think this whole thing is arcane and confusing. (In that case, we highly recommend <a href="http://lifehacker.com/software/geek-to-live/get-organized-with-remember-the-milk-309789.php">getting organized with Remember the Milk</a>. If you want to boost your command line chops on Windows, check out our <a href="http://lifehacker.com/software/top/geek-to-live--introduction-to-cygwin-part-i-179514.php">introduction to Cygwin</a>.)</p> <p>You've already got CLI religion? Good. Let's get started on some hot <code>todo.txt</code> command line action.</p> <p><a href="http://todotxt.com/library/todo.sh/todotxt-cli-latest.zip"><img src="http://cache.lifehacker.com/assets/resources/2007/05/dl-icon.png" /></a> <b>Quick Start Guide:</b></p> <ol><li><a href="http://todotxt.com/library/todo.sh/todotxt-cli-latest.zip">Download the Todo.txt CLI 2.0 zip file</a> and extract it. You'll get two files. Place both <code>todo.cfg</code> (the configuration file) and <code>todo.sh</code> in your home directory.</li><li>Open the <code>todo.cfg file</code> with your text editor of choice. Set the TODO_DIR variable to the right path for your setup. For example, on my Linux PC, this line reads:<br /><code>TODO_DIR="/home/[your home directory name]/todo"</code></li><li>On Windows PC, this line reads:<code></code><br /><code>TODO_DIR="C:/Documents and Settings/gina/My Documents"</code></li><li>On my Mac, this line reads:<br /><code>TODO_DIR="/Users/gina/Documents/todo"</code></li><li>Make the <code>todo.sh</code> file executable by using the command: <code>chmod +x todo.sh</code></li><li>(OPTIONAL) Alias the letter t to <code>todo.sh</code> to save keystrokes while you use it. In your <code>~/.bash_profile</code> file, add the line:<br /><code>alias t='~/todo.sh'</code></li></ol> <p>Now you're ready to put this script to work!</p> <h3 style="font-size: 120%; margin-top: 20px;">Basic Usage</h3> <p>Before we start, keep in mind that this CLI isn't trying to reinvent the text editor. If you want to do big bulk edits to a lot of items in your <code>todo.txt</code>, just open it up in your favorite text editor to do so. But for quick, one-hit access to add items, mark items as complete, or slice and dice your list by project or priority, <code>todo.sh</code> is for you.</p> <p>For example, to add a line to your <code>todo.txt</code> file, at the command line, type:</p> <blockquote> <p><code>$ t add "Pick up milk"</code></p> </blockquote> <p>Add a few more items for good measure:</p> <blockquote> <p><code>$ t add "Pick up the dry cleaning"</code><br /><code>$ t add "Clean out the inbox"</code></p> </blockquote> <p>Now, to see all the items on your list, use:</p> <blockquote> <p><code>$ t ls</code></p> </blockquote> <p>The output will look like this:</p> <blockquote> <p><code>$ t ls<br />03 Clean out the inbox<br />01 Pick up milk<br />02 Pick up the dry cleaning<br />--<br />TODO: 3 tasks in C:/Documents and Settings/gina/My Documents/todo.txt.</code></p> </blockquote> <p>Now, you can reference each item by its ID—which is actually the line number it lives at in the <code>todo.txt</code> file. For instance, to prioritize task 1 to the highest level—priority A—use this command:</p> <blockquote> <p><code>$ t pri 1 A</code></p> </blockquote> <p>To mark task 2 as complete, use <code>todo.sh</code>'s do action:</p> <blockquote> <p><code>$ t do 2</code></p> </blockquote> <p>Since a video is worth a million words, see this in action in this screencast demonstration of a to-do list you might find for a crew member on Battlestar Galactica. (Go full-screen to see what's being typed more clearly.)</p> <p><object class="left gawkerVideo embeddedVideo" height="380" width="506"><param name="movie" value="http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=3263629&amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;show_title=1&amp;show_byline=1&amp;show_portrait=0&amp;color=&amp;fullscreen=1"> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"> <embed src="http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=3263629&amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;show_title=1&amp;show_byline=1&amp;show_portrait=0&amp;color=&amp;fullscreen=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" class="left gawkerVideo" height="380" width="506"></embed></object><img src="http://cache.gawker.com/assets/images/lifehacker/2009/02/3263629.jpg" style="display: none;" class="embeddedVideoThumbnail" /> If this video clip isn't clear enough for you, try this <a href="http://todotxt.com/library/todo.sh/screencast/">alternate high-res location</a>.</p> <p><br /></p> <h3 style="font-size: 120%; margin-top: 20px;">Advanced Usage</h3> <p>Once you've got the basics of working with your <code>todo.txt</code> down, it's time to dive into more advanced tricks. Here are a few more things this CLI can do.</p> <ul><li><b>Replace or delete a task; append or prepend text to a line.</b> When you want to re-word a task or add a context, project, or additional info to it, use the replace, append, and prepend actions to do so. For example, add "ready at 3PM" to your "Pick up the dry cleaning task" with this command:<br /><blockquote><code>$ t append 2 "ready at 3PM"</code></blockquote> </li><li><b>See all the contexts and projects in your list.</b> If you're using the + and @ sign format to signify projects and contexts, use the listcon and listproj (or lsc and lsprj for short) commands to see a short list of all your contexts or projects in your <code>todo.txt</code>.</li><li><b>Move items from your todo.txt to another text file.</b> Say you've decided that the "Learn how to speak French" task is actually something you're not quite committed to doing—yet. Use <code>todo.sh</code>'s mv command to zip that task from <code>todo.txt</code> to another text file in your todo directory. For example, this command will move it into a <code>maybelater.txt</code> file:<br /><blockquote><code>$ t move 10 maybelater.txt</code></blockquote> </li><li><b>List the contents of another text file.</b> Since I got so used to working with <code>todo.txt</code> this way, there's now support for working with other text files. For example, you can list the contents of your <code>maybelater.txt</code> file using the command:<br /><blockquote><code>$ t listfile maybelater.txt</code></blockquote> <p>Likewise, you can add a line to another file using:<br /></p> <blockquote><code>$ t addto ideas.txt "My bright idea"</code></blockquote> <p>You can also search the contents of another text file by adding a keyword after the list command, ala:<br /></p> <blockquote><code>$ t lf ideas.txt apple</code></blockquote> </li></ul> <p>See all the options available to you using the <code>todo.sh -h</code> command. The <a href="http://todotxt.com/library/todo.sh/usage.txt">full usage manual is available here</a>.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-83088527500281892732009-05-24T01:09:00.000-07:002009-05-24T01:26:16.218-07:00Five Game-Changing Features in Firefox 3.5<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/ShkEItI_7HI/AAAAAAAAAwo/_en3YZIzu7E/s1600-h/firefox-35.jpg"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 200px; height: 134px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/ShkEItI_7HI/AAAAAAAAAwo/_en3YZIzu7E/s200/firefox-35.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5339303380827237490" border="0" /></a><br />The latest Firefox may still be in beta but it boasts a number of behind-the-scenes features that will make developing for the web easier as well as end-user changes that add new functionality, like private browsing and support for drag and drop.<br /><br /><br /><hr /><br /><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Firefox_3.1_for_developers">Firefox 3.5</a> is coming very soon, and this release includes a number of features that up the ante for Web browsers and the Web as an application platform. Some of the game-changing features in Firefox 3.5 won’t be immediately visible to end-users, but they’ll allow Web developers to build Web applications that make the Web even more fun and useful than it already is. Let’s take a look at five of the prominent features you can test drive today in Firefox 3.5.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/ShkEdcg9_SI/AAAAAAAAAww/869zu2V0Q34/s1600-h/firefox.jpg"><img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 309px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/ShkEdcg9_SI/AAAAAAAAAww/869zu2V0Q34/s320/firefox.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5339303737141624098" border="0" /></a><div class="story_copy"> <p><br /></p><p>You can grab tarballs from Mozilla <a href="http://blog.mozilla.com/blog/2009/04/27/firefox-35-beta-4-now-available-for-download/">the Mozilla beta announcement page</a>, though many Linux distros also have testing packages available as add-on repositories. For instance, <a href="http://distrowatch.com/table.php?distribution=suse">openSUSE</a> users can <a href="http://en.opensuse.org/Add_Package_Repositories_to_YaST">add the</a> <a href="http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/mozilla:/beta/">mozilla:beta</a> repository to track the latest Firefox development packages. This gives the added advantage of allowing you to track updates via your distro’s update process, but does mean that updates will usually lag a few days behind the official Moz builds.</p> <p>Because it’s beta software, the standard disclaimers apply: While Firefox betas are pretty stable, you can expect that it will have <a href="http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/firefox/3.5b4/releasenotes/#issues">some bugs</a> and might even do unexpected things like eating your data. I’ve never had this happen, but take reasonable precautions before running the beta — like backing up your profile directory.</p> <p><strong>Audio and Video Support in Firefox</strong></p> <p>Ever get sick of worrying about plugins and helper applications to enjoy multimedia content online? Firefox 3.5 may be the beginning of the end for that particular hassle with support for <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/En/Using_audio_and_video_in_Firefox">HTML 5 <code>audio</code> and <code>video</code> elements</a>, and support for the Ogg and WAV formats in the browser itself.</p> <p>The <code>audio</code> and <code>video</code> elements make it easier to add video and audio to Web pages, with <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/En/Using_audio_and_video_in_Firefox">a few lines of HTML</a> Take this example from the Firefox developer site:</p> <p><video src="http://v2v.cc/%7Ej/theora_testsuite/320x240.ogg" autoplay=""><br />Your browser does not support the <code>video</code> element.<br /></video></p> <p>If you’re using a supported browser like Firefox 3.5, you’ll see test bars just like we used to enjoy at the end of the broadcast day on television. (Remember when the broadcast day actually ended?) If not, you should just see: “Your browser does not support the <code>video</code> element.”</p> <p>As a side note, Firefox’s inclusion of Ogg might just help make the free but not yet mainstream format break through. This would be a big win for Linux users who have excellent tools for encoding and decoding Ogg but not a lot of mainstream content in Ogg to view or listen to. Labels like <a href="http://magnatune.com/">Magnatune</a> that support Ogg out of the box are few and far between.</p> <p>If you’re running Firefox 3.5, you can catch a number of sample videos on <a href="http://tinyvid.tv/">TinyVid</a>.</p> <p><strong>Private Browsing</strong></p> <p>Over the years, Firefox has added a number of features that make it easier to erase your browsing tracks — so if you’re sharing a computer with others, you can erase history, cookies, cache and other bits that would let snoopers see how you spend your browsing time. Unfortunately, it’s a bit of a shotgun approach — meaning you lose history and so forth from <em>all</em> the sites you visit, and not just the ones you want to keep private.</p> <p>The 3.5 release will take care of this problem by introducing Private Browsing, or what’s more often referred to as “Porn Mode” for Mozilla. Of course, it has much more work safe applications as well. If you’re doing gift shopping, for example, it’s sort of a dead giveaway if your significant other stumbles on your shopping history. For the <s>paranoid</s> security conscious, it’s also a good feature for logging into banking sites or any other type of Web site that displays a lot of private data. Whatever the reason, Firefox’s Private Browsing mode is much more convenient for users than just deleting history at random intervals.</p> <p>Using Private Browsing, you can start up a Firefox session that doesn’t record cookies, history, etc., so that there’s no trace of your session. When you finish, all of your previous settings and history are untouched, so you lose nothing — unlike the “Clear History” tool in older versions, which clobbers all cookies, etc.</p> <p>Firefox 3.5 also has added more finely grained options to the Clear History tool. Instead of an “all or nothing” approach, you can get rid of the last hour, two hours, four hours, day, or entire history.</p> <p><strong>Offline Application Support</strong></p> <p>Being dependent on a Web application is a bit of a problem when you’re offline. Firefox 3.5 tries to remedy this a bit by adding support for the <a href="http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#offlinehttp://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/#offline">HTML 5</a> specs for caching resources for Web apps.</p> <p>Offline application support isn’t entirely new, Firefox shipped bits of this with Firefox 3.0 and add-ons like Google Gears have provided offline support for Gears-enabled Web apps. However, Firefox 3.5 fully supports the HTML 5 specification for offline application support — which ought to give a boost to offline Web apps, beyond Google Gears.</p> <p><strong>Drag and Drop</strong></p> <p>Typically, Web applications lack the same feature functionality that desktop applications do. Case in point: Drag and drop between applications. Sure, you can copy and paste some things between browser windows and different Web sites, but drag and drop capabilities are seriously limited compared to desktop applications.</p> <p>Firefox 3.5 beefs up the abilities to drag and drop data types between applications and even <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/En/DragDrop/Dragging_and_Dropping_Multiple_Items">multiple items</a>. It may seem like a minor feature, but it gives Web apps the ability to work more like desktop applications, which is another hurdle for those who’d like to see Web applications replace fat apps.</p> <p><strong>Geolocation</strong></p> <p>Geolocation seems to be all the rage these days — services like <a href="http://www.google.com/latitude/intro.html">Google Latitude</a> allow users to report their location via the computer or mobile phone so your friends and stalkers can track your location more conveniently. Ecommerce sites can pick up your location to suggest nearby stores, and so forth.</p> <p>I’m not entirely sure this is a desirable feature, but a lot of users seem to want it — and Firefox 3.5 <a href="http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/firefox/geolocation/">gives developers and users the tools to make it possible</a> beyond services like Latitude. If you’re totally freaked out by the prospect of Web sites knowing your location, it can be turned off.</p> <p>Basically, service providers can report your location based on wireless access points and IP address. Depending where you are in the world, this can be very accurate (within a few meters, which is pretty darn specific) or wildly inaccurate. With your permission, Firefox can then report the location to Web sites that request it.</p> <p>My experience with the technology so far is that it’s good at getting within the general city/county, but beyond that not so much. But the technology is only going to get better (especially with mobile devices that have GPS) and more widely used.</p> <p>All in all, Firefox 3.5 has a lot of new functionality that’s going to be really useful regardless whether you’re a Web developer or an end-users.</p> </div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-29548555707619687442009-05-13T21:39:00.000-07:002009-05-14T05:14:13.547-07:00Free Linux Ebooks Collection For Newbie<p>I'm listing here a free book collection and sure it will very useful among Linux users and rightfully so, who doesn’t like free books? No matter how experienced you are with Linux systems, there is always something new you can learn from a good book that focuses on specific aspects of a Linux system. I tried to make a list of free books by categories. “Beginners”, “Advanced” and “Administrators”. </p> <p>Here I have listed e-Books for <strong>"Linux Ebooks For Newbie", "Intermediate and Advanced Linux Users</strong>" and <strong>"Linux System Administrators"</strong>.<br /></p><p>Here's listed a comprehensive list of <strong>Free</strong> Linux related e-books. I didn't arrange the ebooks in proper categories<span style="font-weight: bold;">.</span><strong><br /></strong></p><p>E-books:<br /></p> <ol><li><a href="http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redbooks/SG246380/wwhelp/wwhimpl/js/html/wwhelp.htm">Linux Client Migration Cookbook, Version 2: A Practical Planning and Implementation Guide for Migrating to Desktop Linux by Chris Almond</a></li><li><a href="http://linuxclusters.com/compute_clusters.html">Linux Compute Clusters by Chander Kant</a></li><li><a href="http://www.xml.com/ldd/chapter/book/index.html">Linux Device Drivers by Alessandro Rubini and Jonathan Corbet</a></li><li><a href="http://www.tldp.org/LDP/gs/gs.html">Linux Installation and Getting Started by Matt Welsh</a></li><li><a href="http://www.andamooka.org/index.pl?section=lkmpg">Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide by Ori Pomerantz</a></li><li><a href="http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/linag2/book/index.html">Linux Network Administrator’s Guide by Olaf Kirch and Terry Dawson</a></li><li><a href="http://www.andamooka.org/index.pl?section=secopt">Securing and Optimizing Linux by Gerhard Mourani</a></li><li><a href="http://www.phptr.com/content/images/013147751X/downloads/013147751X_book.pdf">Self-Service Linux: Mastering the Art of Problem Determination by Dan Behman and Mark Wilding</a></li><li><a href="http://www.slackbook.org/">Slackware Linux Essentials by Alan Hicks, Chris Lumens, David Cantrell, and Logan Johnson</a></li><li><a href="http://dsl.org/cookbook/cookbook_toc.html">The Linux Cookbook: Tips and Techniques for Everyday Use by Michael Stutz</a></li><li><a href="http://www.advancedlinuxprogramming.com/">Advanced Linux Programming by CodeSourcery LLC</a></li><li><a href="http://www.linux.org/docs/online_books.html">Comprehensive Linux Textbook by Muayyad Saleh Al-Sadi</a></li><li><a href="http://www.phptr.com/content/images/013143697X/downloads/013143697X_book.pdf">Java Application Development on Linux by Carl Albing and Michael Schwarz</a> (PDF)</li><li><a href="http://www.linuxtopia.org/online_books/linux_administrators_security_guide/index.html">Linux Admins Security Guide</a></li><li><a href="http://www.linuxtopia.org/LinuxSecurity/index.html">Linux Security Howto</a></li><li><a href="http://www.linuxtopia.org/Linux_Firewall_iptables/index.html">Linux Firewall Configuration, Packet Filtering &amp; netfilter/iptables</a></li><li><a href="http://lwn.net/Kernel/LDD3/">Linux Device Drivers, Third Edition</a></li><li><a href="http://www.network-theory.co.uk/docs/bashref/">GNU Bash Reference Manual</a></li><li><a href="http://www.pjls16812.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/knowing-knoppix/index.html">Knowing Knoppix</a></li><li><a href="http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/sg246380.html">Linux Client Migration Cookbook</a></li><li><a href="http://ivan.tubert.org/doc/vimbook.pdf">Vi iMproved (VIM)</a></li><li><a href="http://www.icon.co.za/%7Epsheer/rute-home.html">Linux: Rute User’s Tutorial and Exposition</a></li><li><a href="http://www.swelltech.com/support/webminguide/">The Book of Webmin</a></li><li><a href="http://www.andamooka.org/reader.pl?section=lfs">Linux From Scratch</a></li><li><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.html">GNU Emacs manual</a></li><li><a href="http://developer.gnome.org/doc/books/WGA/">Writing GNOME Applications</a></li><li><a href="http://developer.kde.org/documentation/books/kde-2.0-development/index.html">KDE 2.0 Development</a></li><li><a href="http://developer.gnome.org/doc/GGAD/">GTK+/Gnome Application Development</a></li><li><a href="http://sources.redhat.com/autobook/download.html">GNU Autoconf, Automake and Libtool</a></li><li><a href="http://www.advancedlinuxprogramming.com/downloads.html">Advanced Linux Programming</a></li><li><a href="http://www.dwheeler.com/secure-programs/Secure-Programs-HOWTO.html">Secure Programming for Linux and Unix</a></li><li><a href="http://www.catb.org/%7Eesr/writings/taoup/html/">The Art of Unix Programming</a></li><li><a href="http://www.informit.com/content/downloads/perens/0130091154.pdf">The Linux Development Platform</a></li><li><a href="http://www.computer-books.us/cpp_0010.php"><span style=";font-family:tahoma;font-size:85%;" >C++ GUI Programming With Qt 3</span></a></li><li><a href="http://www.linux-books.us/ubuntu_0002.php">Unofficial Ubuntu Guide</a></li><li><a href="http://www.linux-books.us/suse_0002.php">The Easiest Linux Guide You’ll Ever Read - An Introduction to Linux for Windows users</a></li><li><a href="http://www.linux-books.us/suse.php">SUSE Linux Administration Guide</a></li><li><a href="http://www.linux-books.us/red_hat_enterprise_0001.php">Red Hat Enterprise Linux Installation Guide</a></li><li><a href="http://www.linux-books.us/red_hat_enterprise_0002.php">Red Hat Enterprise Linux Reference Guide</a></li><li><a href="http://www.linux-books.us/red_hat_enterprise_0003.php">Red Hat Enterprise Linux Step By Step Guide</a></li><li><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Fedora_Linux_Essentials">Fedora Linux Essentials</a><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Visual_Basic_Essentials">Visual Basic Essentials</a></li><li><a href="http://www.linuxtopia.org/online_books/linux_desktop_guides/fedora_core_7_FC7_desktop_guide/index.html">Fedora Core 7 Desktop Guide</a></li><li><a href="http://tille.soti.org/training/ldap/">LDAP Operations HOWTO</a><a href="http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/debian/chapter/book/index.html">Learning Debian GNU/Linux</a></li><li><a href="http://www.hk8.org/old_web/unix/lrnunix/">Learning the Unix Operating System</a></li><li><a href="http://www.tldp.org/LDP/lame/LAME/linux-admin-made-easy/">Linux Administration Made Easy</a></li><li><a href="http://www.tldp.org/LDP/Linux-Dictionary/html/">Linux Dictionary</a></li><li><a href="http://www.win.tue.nl/%7Eaeb/linux/lk/lk.html">The Linux kernel</a></li><li><a href="http://www.moses.uklinux.net/patches/lki.html">Linux Kernel 2.4 Internals</a></li><li><a href="http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/Linux/docs/linux-doc-project/module-programming-guide/lkmpg.html">The Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide</a></li><li><a href="http://www.icon.co.za/%7Epsheer/book/index.html.gz">LINUX: Rute User’s Tutorial and Exposition</a></li><li><a href="http://www.rpm.org/max-rpm/">Maximum RPM, Taking the Red Hat Package Manager to the Limit</a></li><li><a href="http://www.tldp.org/LDP/Pocket-Linux-Guide/html/Pocket-Linux-Guide.html">Pocket Linux Guide</a></li><li><a href="http://www.dwheeler.com/secure-programs/Secure-Programs-HOWTO/index.html">Secure Programming for Linux and Unix HOWTO</a></li><li><a href="http://www.ssuet.edu.pk/%7Eamkhan/Linuxbooks/Linux+studyguide.pdf">Linux+ Study Guide</a></li><li><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Ubuntu_Linux_Essentials">Ubuntu Linux Essentials</a></li><li><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/PHP_Essentials">PHP Essentials</a></li><li><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/JavaScript_Essentials">Javascript Essentials</a></li><li><a href="http://www.linuxtopia.org/installation_guides/FC7_fedora_core_7_installation_guide/index.html">Red Hat Fedora Core 7 Installation Guide</a></li><li><a href="http://www.faqs.org/docs/artu/">The Art of Unix Programming</a></li><li><a href="http://tille.soti.org/training/bash/">Bash Guide for Beginners</a></li><li><a href="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/">Beyond Linux from Scratch</a></li><li><a href="http://www.swelltech.com/support/webminguide/">The Book of Webmin Or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love UNIX</a></li><li><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20021113005421/http://www.orbdesigns.com/bpages/btlb/btlb_toc.html">Brian and Tom’s Linux Book</a></li><li><a href="http://www.togaware.com/linux/survivor/">Debian GNU/Linux Desktop Survival Guide</a></li><li><a href="http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/system-administrator/index.html">Debian GNU/Linux System Administrator’s Manual</a></li><li><a href="http://everydaylinux.com/">Everyday Linux</a></li><li><a href="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/">FreeBSD Handbook</a><a href="http://www.gnu.org/manual/manual.html">GNU Manuals Online</a><a href="http://www.spack.org/wiki/InTheBeginningWasTheCommandLine">In The Beginning Was The Command Line</a></li><li><a href="http://www.ibiblio.org/mdw/LDP/intro-linux/html/index.html">Introduction to Linux - A Hands on Guide</a></li></ol><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Free Linux Ebooks For Newbie:<br /></span> <p><a href="http://tille.garrels.be/training/tldp/"><br /></a> </p> <p> </p> <p><a href="http://ubuntupocketguide.com/index_main.html"><img style="border-color: rgb(203, 203, 203); border-width: 2px; padding: 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 0px; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; float: right; margin-left: 10px;" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3611/3519539776_92982cbb48_t.jpg" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="100" width="77" /></a> </p> <p><strong>1.</strong> <a href="http://ubuntupocketguide.com/index_main.html"><u>Ubuntu Pocket Guide and Reference</u></a></p> <p> <strong>Author:</strong> Keir Thomas<br /> <strong>Format:</strong> PDF</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><a href="http://linux-newbie.dotsrc.org/"><br /></a> </p> <p> </p><br /><p><br /></p> <p><a href="http://linux-newbie.dotsrc.org/"><img style="border-color: rgb(203, 203, 203); border-width: 2px; padding: 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 0px; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; float: right; margin-left: 10px;" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3317/3518740177_9473619c0f_t.jpg" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="42" width="100" /></a> </p> <p><strong>2.</strong> <a href="http://linux-newbie.dotsrc.org/"><u>Linux Newbie Administrator Guide</u></a></p> <p> <strong>Author:</strong> Peter and Stan Klimas<br /> <strong>Format:</strong> HTML</p><p><br /></p><p> </p> <p><a href="http://tille.garrels.be/training/tldp/"><img style="border-color: rgb(203, 203, 203); border-width: 2px; padding: 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 0px; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; float: right; margin-left: 10px;" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3621/3518263593_0bf9bd86e2_t.jpg" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="100" width="77" /></a> </p> <p><strong>3. </strong><a href="http://tille.garrels.be/training/tldp/"><u>Introduction to Linux - A Hands on Guide</u></a></p> <p> <strong>Author:</strong> Machtelt Garrels<br /> <strong>Format:</strong> HTML</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><a href="http://tille.garrels.be/training/bash/"><img style="border-color: rgb(203, 203, 203); border-width: 2px; padding: 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 0px; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; float: right; margin-left: 10px;" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3582/3519139410_4998e42172_t.jpg" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="100" width="77" /></a> </p> <p><strong>4.</strong> <a href="http://tille.garrels.be/training/bash/"><u>Bash Guide for Beginners</u></a></p> <p> <strong>Author:</strong> Machtelt Garrels<br /> <strong>Format:</strong> HTML</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p> <p> </p> <p><span id="more-1699"></span></p> <p> </p> <p><a href="http://rute.2038bug.com/rute.html.gz"><img style="border-color: rgb(203, 203, 203); border-width: 2px; padding: 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 0px; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; float: right; margin-left: 10px;" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3341/3519171570_e0c4855ba8_t.jpg" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="100" width="77" /></a> </p> <p><strong>5.</strong> <a href="http://rute.2038bug.com/rute.html.gz"><u>Rute User’s Tutorial and Exposition</u></a></p><p> <strong>Author:</strong> Paul Sheer<br /> <strong>Format:</strong> HTML</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/12918020/Linux-Starter-Pack"><img style="border-color: rgb(203, 203, 203); border-width: 2px; padding: 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 0px; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; float: right; margin-left: 10px;" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3355/3519234832_aeddba8950_t.jpg" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="100" width="77" /></a> </p> <p><strong>6.</strong> <a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/12918020/Linux-Starter-Pack"><u>The Linux Starter Pack</u></a></p> <p> <strong>Author:</strong> Paul Hudson<br /> <strong>Format:</strong> PDF</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><a href="http://en.flossmanuals.net/gnulinux"><img style="border-color: rgb(203, 203, 203); border-width: 2px; padding: 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 0px; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; float: right; margin-left: 10px;" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3650/3518479765_0e7ef9713f_o.jpg" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="100" width="77" /></a> </p> <p><strong>7.</strong> <a href="http://en.flossmanuals.net/gnulinux"><u>FLOSS Manuals</u></a></p> <p> <strong>Author:</strong> FSF<br /> <strong>Format:</strong> HTML &amp; PDF</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><a href="http://www.letslearnlinux.com/suseblog/easiest_linux_guide_ever.pdf"><img style="border-color: rgb(203, 203, 203); border-width: 2px; padding: 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 0px; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; float: right; margin-left: 10px;" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3302/3518517585_c2692d25eb_t.jpg" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="100" width="77" /></a> </p> <p><strong>8.</strong> <a href="http://www.letslearnlinux.com/suseblog/easiest_linux_guide_ever.pdf"><u>The Easiest Linux Guide You’ll Ever Read</u></a></p> <p> <strong>Author:</strong> Scott Morris<br /> <strong>Format:</strong> PDF</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><a href="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=66563"><img style="border-color: rgb(203, 203, 203); border-width: 2px; padding: 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 0px; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; float: right; margin-left: 10px;" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3615/3519502906_b9f7cd1b99_t.jpg" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="100" width="77" /></a> </p> <p><strong>9.</strong> <a href="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=66563"><u>Linux Knowledge Base and Tutorial</u></a></p> <p> <strong>Author:</strong> James Mohr<br /> <strong>Format:</strong> PDF</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><a href="http://www.slackbasics.org/html/"><img style="border-color: rgb(203, 203, 203); border-width: 2px; padding: 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; margin-bottom: 0px; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; float: right; margin-left: 10px;" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3404/3518793639_fd755999c2_t.jpg" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" height="42" width="100" /></a> </p> <p><strong>10.</strong> <a href="http://www.slackbasics.org/html/"><u>Slackware Linux Basics</u></a></p> <p> <strong>Author:</strong> Daniël de Kok<br /> <strong>Format:</strong> HTML</p><p><br /></p><p> </p> <p> </p><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-83810095771058902092009-05-10T09:04:00.000-07:002009-05-10T09:30:56.015-07:00How to make OpenOffice load faster<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/Sgb8r7aD9GI/AAAAAAAAAwg/z-_NwhWBQJQ/s1600-h/openoffice_logo.jpg"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 171px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/Sgb8r7aD9GI/AAAAAAAAAwg/z-_NwhWBQJQ/s320/openoffice_logo.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5334228640278508642" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><div class="article_summary"><h2><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></h2><h2><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span> </h2><h2><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></h2><h2><br /></h2><br /><br /><h2><span style="font-size:100%;">Here we will discuss the procedure to be followed for making OpenOffice run faster in Ubuntu. </span></h2></div> <p><strong><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > Some simple steps make OpenOffice snappier.</span></strong></p> <ul><li> <p><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" >Go to <strong>Applications </strong>> <strong>Office </strong>> <strong>OpenOffice.org Word Processor</strong><br /></span></p> </li></ul> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > <img src="http://www.zolved.com/UserFiles/Image/28209/jpgspeedoff1.jpg" alt="" width="419" height="356" /><br /></span><br /><ul><li><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > The <strong>OpenOffice.org Word Processor</strong> is launched. Go to the <strong>Tools </strong>menu and select <strong>Options</strong>.<br /></span></li></ul> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > <img src="http://www.zolved.com/UserFiles/Image/28209/jpgspeedoff4%281%29.jpg" alt="" /><br /></span> <ul><li> <p><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" >The <strong>Options </strong>window is opened.<br /></span></p> </li><li> <p><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" >Highlight <strong>Memory </strong>on the left panel, change the setting as shown below.</span></p> </li></ul> <span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > <img src="http://www.zolved.com/UserFiles/Image/28209/jpgspeedoff3%282%29.jpg" alt="" width="468" height="402" /></span><br /><ul><ul><li> <p><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" >Reduce the number of <strong>Undo</strong> steps to a figure lower than 100. Adelstein suggests <strong>20 or 30 </strong>steps.</span></p> </li><li> <p><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" >Under <strong>Graphics cache</strong>, set <strong>Use for OpenOffice.org </strong>to <strong>128 MB </strong>(up from the original 6MB).</span></p> </li><li> <p><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" >Set <strong>Memory per object</strong> to <strong>20MB</strong> (up from the default .5MB).</span></p> </li><li> <p><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" >Set the number of objects under <strong>Cache for inserted objects</strong> at <strong>20</strong>.</span></p> </li><li> <p><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" >Check <strong>OpenOffice.org Quickstarter</strong>.</span></p> </li></ul></ul> <ul><li><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" >Now highlight <strong>Java </strong>on the left panel, uncheck <strong>Use a Java runtime environment</strong><br /></span></li></ul> <img src="http://www.zolved.com/UserFiles/Image/28209/jpgspeedoff2.jpg" alt="" width="468" height="379" /><br /><ul><li> <p><span style=";font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;" > Click the <strong>OK </strong>button and close <strong>OpenOffice.org. </strong>Start it up again to experience the change in speed!</span> </p> </li></ul><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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All the (internal) links will be followed and downloaded as well (and their resources), until you have a complete copy of the site on your local machine.</p> <p>In its most basic form, you use the mirror functionality like so:</p> <p><code>$ wget -m <em>http://www.example.com/</em></code></p> <p>There are several issues you might have with this approach, however.</p> <!-- ~~~ --> <p>First of all, it's not very useful for local browsing, as the links in the pages themselves still point to the real URLs and not your local downloads. What that means is that, if, say, you downloaded <strong>http://www.example.com/</strong>, the link on that page to <strong>http://www.example.com/page2.html</strong> would still point to example.com's server and so would be a right pain if you're trying to browse your local copy of the site while being offline for some reason.</p> <p>To fix this, you can use the <strong>-k</strong> option in conjunction with the mirror option:</p> <p><code>$ wget -mk <em>http://www.example.com/</em></code></p> <p>Now, that link I talked about earlier will point to the relative <strong>page2.html</strong>. The same happens with all images, stylesheets and resources, so you should be able to now get an authentic offline browsing experience.</p> <p>There's one other major issue I haven't covered here yet - bandwidth. Disregarding the bandwidth you'll be using on your connection to pull down a whole site, you're going to be putting some strain on the remote server. You should think about being kind and reduce the load on them (and you) especially if the site is small and bandwidth comes at a premium. Play nice.</p> <p>One of the ways in which you can do this is to deliberately slow down the download by placing a delay between requests to the server.</p> <p><code>$ wget -mk -w 20 <em>http://www.example.com/</em></code></p> <p>This places a delay of 20 seconds between requests. Replace that number, and optionally you can add a suffix of <strong>m</strong> for minutes, <strong>h</strong> for hours, and <strong>d</strong> for ... yes, days, if you want to slow down the mirror even further.</p> <p>Now if you want to make a backup of something, or download your favourite website for viewing when you're offline, you can do so with wget's mirror feature. To delve even further into this, check out wget's man page (<strong>man wget</strong>) where there are further options, such as random delays, setting a custom user agent, sending cookies to the site and lots more.</p><h3>More advanced wget usage:<br /></h3><h3>No parent option</h3> <p>If you are doing a mirror, but you only want to mirror a subdirectory of the main site (for example, just <strong>/news/</strong>), you might run into a problem. Because many of the pages at <strong>/news/</strong> link back to <strong>/</strong>, you'll inadvertently end up downloading the whole site.</p> <p>The solution to this, pointed out by <a href="http://fosswire.com/2008/04/21/create-a-mirror-of-a-website-with-wget/#comment-32786">Todd in the comments</a>, is to use the no parent option, <strong>-np</strong>.</p> <p>In our example, we'd do:</p> <p><code>$ wget -mk -w 20 -np http://example.com/news/</code></p> <h3>Update only changed files</h3> <p>Continuing in our mirroring scenario, another extremely useful option for preserving bandwidth on both sides is to update only the files that the server reports as changed.</p> <p>This option is <strong>-N</strong>.</p> <p><code>$ wget -mk -w 20 -N http://example.com/</code></p> <p>Thanks to <a href="http://fosswire.com/2008/04/21/create-a-mirror-of-a-website-with-wget/#comment-32817">Paul William Tenny in the comments</a> for that tip.</p> <h3>Random delay on mirror</h3> <p>And finally for our mirror-specific tips, you can also randomise the delay between downloads. There are several reasons you might want to do this, including sites that don't take kindly to being mirrored, even considerately, and block clients that they suspect of doing it (some bots can be pretty nasty, and you might be categorised as one of 'them').</p> <p>Randomising the wait time - and combining with the user agent option below - can be steps to circumvent this automatic protection.</p> <p><strong>If you do find yourself using this feature for that reason, please continue to be considerate and follow any rules regarding the content you've been given. Mirror responsibly.</strong></p> <p><code>$ wget -w 20 --random-wait -mk http://example.com/</code></p> <p>The wait value - 20 in this case - is used as a base value to calculate what the random wait times will be. They will alternate between 0 and 2 times that value (in this case, 0-40 seconds).</p> <h3>Custom user agent</h3> <p>Some sites might have some strange restrictions on what browsers can access it, or perhaps have different versions of a site depending on the browser used. I can't say I agree with sites that do this, unless there's a really good reason, but it shouldn't stop you from using wget for access.</p> <p>Using wget, you can set a fake user agent string so that the program reports itself as a different browser.</p> <p><code>$ wget -U "<em>user agent</em>" http://example.com/</code></p> <p>Combine the -U option with any others you want, obviously. Here are a few user agents you can use to get you started:</p> <p><code><br /><strong>IE6 on Windows XP:</strong> Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Microsoft Windows NT 5.1)<br /><strong>Firefox on Windows XP:</strong> Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.14) Gecko/20080404 Firefox/2.0.0.14<br /><strong>Firefox on Ubuntu Gutsy:</strong> Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.8.1.14) Gecko/20080418 Ubuntu/7.10 (gutsy) Firefox/2.0.0.14<br /><strong>Safari on Mac OS X Leopard:</strong> Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X; en) AppleWebKit/523.12.2 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/3.0.4 Safari/523.12.2</code></p> That's it for now, if you have any more useful wget tips and tricks, share them in comments. </div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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So here goes.</p> <!-- ~~~ --> <p>You get started like any other Live CD - throw it in the drive, reboot and press Enter to boot in. Before the GUI even arrives, you'll be asked to pick a keyboard layout to use for the live CD, then eventually you will be greeted with this GDM login screen.</p> <p><a href="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/autologin.jpg"><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/autologin-300x225.jpg" alt="GDM in Gentoo 2008.0" title="GDM in Gentoo 2008.0" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-495" width="300" height="225" /></a></p> <p>There's an autologin set here, so you just have to wait a few seconds for the live user to be logged in. Gentoo now uses Xfce as the default GUI environment, so it will load up (fast, as it always seems to be).</p> <p><a href="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/initial-screen.jpg"><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/initial-screen-300x225.jpg" alt="Xfce in Gentoo 2008.0" title="Xfce in Gentoo 2008.0" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-496" width="300" height="225" /></a></p> <p>As expected, this is a fully usable Gentoo system at this point, albeit running Live, so of limited utility. A fair selection of packages are installed, included Firefox 2.0.0.14, in a 'Bon Echo' branded guise.</p> <p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/Sgb1Ya6tsrI/AAAAAAAAAwQ/m0kjaz3K_SI/s1600-h/bon-echo-300x169.jpg"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 169px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/Sgb1Ya6tsrI/AAAAAAAAAwQ/m0kjaz3K_SI/s320/bon-echo-300x169.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5334220608558183090" border="0" /></a></p> <p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Still, we're interested in the installation procedure. Conveniently on the desktop is an installer shortcut. Actually there are two - a command-line based installer, and the graphical GTK+ version. I'll be using the latter.</p> <p>There's no introduction or anything. As soon as you double-click the installer, you're thrown straight in at a partitioning screen. Provided you have a clean disk and don't mind Gentoo monopolising your hard drive, it's simple to click the Recommend Layout button for a one-click solution to this screen.</p> <p><a href="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/gtkinstallerstep1.jpg"><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/gtkinstallerstep1-300x233.jpg" alt="Partitioning in Gentoo Installer" title="Partitioning in Gentoo Installer" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-498" width="300" height="233" /></a></p> <p>It does, however, give its power user base the ability to fully control how Gentoo will inhabit their hard drives.</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/parts.jpg" alt="Partition layout" title="Partition layout" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-499" width="500" height="151" /></p> <p>Click Next at this point and you are right away doing mount points for those partitions you just set up (and any others you want too). This is usually saved for the tail end of distro installations, but the way that the Gentoo installer works means that it will mount all of these partitions for you in the live distro too for the install, so it is done at this point.</p> <p>You don't get an awful lot of confirmation, so pretty much as soon as you hit Next, those partitions will be written to disk and a few files get copied over.</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/copyfiles.jpg" alt="Initial 'stage' File Copy" title="Initial 'stage' File Copy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-501" width="500" height="114" /></p> <p>Once that initial set of files gets copied, you then go back into answering questions. Personally, I don't like this sort of do some work, then ask more questions, then do more work thing.</p> <p>It reminds me of the Windows XP installation procedure - when you can never just answer questions and set it off doing its own thing, it requires constant supervision. The Gentoo install isn't nearly as bad, but the way it works doesn't feel very 'standard' in comparison to more mainstream Linux distros.</p> <p>From this point on, you are asked about configuring network interfaces, your root password and setting up the different users for your newly installed system.</p> <p><a href="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/userinfo.jpg"><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/userinfo-300x169.jpg" alt="Adding Users" title="Adding Users" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-502" width="300" height="169" /></a></p> <p>The users module could potentially be a little confusing without a fair bit of Linux experience, as you are asked to manually fill in details such as the user's shell, home directory and user ID. You can leave things blank for defaults, however.</p> <p>The final step before the proper copying of packages happens is to choose any additional packages you need. If you want a graphical system at the end of the install, you'll need to make sure you check at least the xfce and xorg-x11 packages.</p> <p>Finally, the proper copy operation gets started. This will probably take considerable time (it did in my VM installation, at least).</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/packageinstaller.jpg" alt="Main installation copying" title="Main installation copying" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-500" width="500" height="115" /></p> <p>Once the copy is finished, just as abruptly as it begun, you are notified that the installation is complete and you can reboot into the installed system.</p> <h2>Conclusion</h2> <p>So, how easy is this to install?</p> <p>It certainly doesn't require much specific knowledge of Gentoo or how it works, but neither is it for the faint hearted.</p> <p>A significant body of previous Linux experience is expected, as you'll be on your own with respect to key concepts, such as partitioning, packages and users.</p> <p>I imagine that in a 'safe' environment - i.e. a machine that didn't particularly matter, someone with only intermediate Linux skills could probably get through relatively easily and progress to using the distro.</p> <p>Gentoo is still very oriented towards the more experienced user and the person who likes to endlessly fiddle with and tweak their system so it works exactly how they like it and has the maximum possible performance.</p> <p>I don't remember how I fell down on installing in the past, but it certainly seems like an achievable feat for someone with some Linux experience now, and that in itself has lowered the bar to learning and using Gentoo.</p> <p>They could try to make it even easier to install, but then I guess there might be complaints from those who do not want their installer to be 'simplified' any more.</p> <p>People like control over their machines.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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This is the main installer/package manager for Cygwin and by default you use it to do an internet-based install, i.e. the setup program itself will download the packages.</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/downloadsetuphr3.png" alt="Downloaded setup.exe file" title="Downloaded setup.exe file" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-513" width="398" height="234" /></p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/setupstage1fb5.png" alt="Cygwin Installer" title="Cygwin Installer" class="size-full wp-image-514" width="500" height="384" /></p> <p>Once the installer is up and running, click Next to bypass the initial welcome screen. You will be given several options on how you want to obtain packages. In most cases, <strong>Install from Internet</strong> is fine here.</p> <p>Next, choose the directory to install Cygwin to on your Windows machine. This directory will become your root (<strong>/</strong>) from within the Cygwin shell.</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/choosedirqd8.png" alt="Choose Cygwin directory" title="Choose Cygwin directory" class="size-full wp-image-517" width="500" height="384" /></p> <p>On the next screen, choose the temporary folder where packages will be downloaded before they are installed into Cygwin. If you want, you can use a Windows temporary folder, but if you want to keep the source packages files around so you don't have to redownload later, make it somewhere permanent.</p> <p>Again, click the old Next button and choose whether you need to use a proxy. In most home computer situations, leave the defaults intact and move on.</p> <p>The Installer will at this point go off and retrieve a list of the different download sites, or mirrors, available to you. Choose one geographically close to you in preference, but any of them should be fine.</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/selectpackagesws0.png" alt="Cygwin Select Packages" title="Cygwin Select Packages" class="size-full wp-image-518" width="500" height="384" /></p> <p>Here, you need to choose the packages that you want to install. You can just leave this all as it is and move on, but if you want to install additional packages into Cygwin, follow these steps.</p> <p>The categories can be either left at the Default setting, or you can choose to Install or Uninstall whole categories by clicking on the 'recycling' icon next to them (and the word 'Default').</p> <p>For individual packages, expand a category and find the package you want. To install or uninstall it, add a check under the '<strong>B</strong>inary' and/or '<strong>S</strong>ource' columns to grab what you want.</p> <p>Once you're done choosing packages, click Next yet again to move on. You can always come back to this stage later by re-running the installer to add or remove packages.</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/downandinstallrf2.png" alt="Cygwin Download and Installation" title="Cygwin Download and Installation" class="size-full wp-image-520" width="500" height="384" /></p> <p>Download and installation now takes place. Depending on the speed of your machine and how much you've asked to download, this could take a while.</p> <p>Once the installation is finished, pick your Desktop and Start menu shortcut options and Finish.</p> <p>Finally - that's the installation done! You can access Cygwin through the shortcuts you just made, or by browsing to the directory you installed it in and launching <strong>cygwin.bat</strong>.</p> <p>You will be presented with a bash shell, just as on Linux, and all of the Cygwin packages you installed should now be available for use.</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2008/07/cygwinshellwn1.png" alt="Cygwin shell" title="Cygwin shell" class="size-full wp-image-521" width="500" height="247" /></p> <p>You can also access Windows programs and files through <strong>/cygdrive/<em>[Windows drive letter]</em></strong>.</p> <p>And there you have it - a Linux compatible environment for your Windows machine. Cygwin isn't really for the faint hearted, or those without Linux/Unix CLI experience, but it is a very powerful platform to bringing many features of the Unix platform to a Windows machine in a native way.</p> <p>You can even <a href="http://x.cygwin.com/">run X</a> on it.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-92157792875238080712009-05-10T08:04:00.000-07:002009-05-10T08:09:15.717-07:00Install Ubuntu on your USB Drive<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgbtiBPmiqI/AAAAAAAAAvw/JXsxPkB5vc0/s1600-h/ubuntu-cof-250x250.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 250px; height: 250px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgbtiBPmiqI/AAAAAAAAAvw/JXsxPkB5vc0/s320/ubuntu-cof-250x250.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5334211977372142242" border="0" /></a><br /><div class="entry-content"> <p>Did you know that is ridiculously simple to install Ubuntu onto an external USB flash drive?</p> <p>If you have a copy of the latest version of Ubuntu (at the time of writing that is 8.10), there is a very simple program that does it all for you.</p> <p>You will need:</p> <ul><li>An Ubuntu 8.10 CD (or ISO image if already installed)</li><li>A USB drive with at least 700-800 MB free space</li></ul> <p>While you are booted into Ubuntu, go to <strong>System</strong> > <strong>Administration</strong> > <strong>Create a USB startup disk</strong>.</p> <p><a href="http://files.fosswire.com/2009/02/makeusbstartupdisk.png"><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2009/02/makeusbstartupdisk-291x300.png" alt="Make Bootable Ubuntu USB Drive" title="Make Bootable Ubuntu USB Drive" class="size-medium wp-image-1097" width="291" height="300" /></a></p> <p>You'll need to choose the source disc image for Ubuntu. If you have your Ubuntu CD in the drive, this should appear in the list, so make sure it is selected. Alternatively, you can click 'Other' and specify where the .iso image of the Ubuntu CD is.</p> <p>Next, plug in your drive and choose it as your destination drive (and double-check it's the right drive before going ahead).</p> <p>You can also choose how much space will be reserved for saving data on the new drive, or turn data storage off (it will act just like the Ubuntu live CD).</p> <p>That's it! Simply press <strong>Make Startup Disk</strong> and wait while the files are copied over.</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2009/02/installingubuntuondisk.png" alt="Installing Ubuntu on USB Disk" title="Installing Ubuntu on USB Disk" class="size-full wp-image-1101" width="434" height="148" /></p> <p>On many modern PCs that are configured to allow USB boot, you should be able to just restart the machine with the USB drive plugged in and Ubuntu should boot straight from it!</p> <p>It's a nice simple way to have a copy of Ubuntu in your pocket, wherever you go.</p> </div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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Various differences in the hardware, particularly the use of the <span class="caps">EFI</span> firmware system, mean that some extra effort is required to get your favourite distro up and running on your favourite hardware.</p> <span style="font-size:0;">This tutorial is inspired and somewhat derived from the <a href="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MactelSupportTeam/CommunityHelpPages">Ubuntu Mactel Community Documentation</a>, as well as my own experience of this process.</span> <p>So let’s take a look at the steps involved, before we dive in.</p> <h2>Overview</h2> <p>We can divide the installation process into these major steps:</p> <ol><li>Make free space</li><li>Install rEFIt boot loader</li><li>Run Ubuntu installer (setting <span class="caps">GRUB</span> boot loader location)</li><li>Sync <span class="caps">MBR</span> with rEFIt</li><li>Boot the system and uninstall rEFIt</li></ol> <p>I will be installing Ubuntu 8.10 on a late 2006 white MacBook, so this guide may be somewhat specific to the white MacBook, but should be fairly similar on most Intel Macs.</p> <h2>Why?</h2> <p>Because the MacBook is a really nice piece of hardware. Many bits and pieces of the MacBook hardware work out of the box, including:</p> <ul><li>Graphics <ul><li>Intel <span class="caps"><span class="caps">GMA</span></span> 950 and Intel <span class="caps"><span class="caps">GMA</span></span> X1300 integrated graphics have open source drivers, so everything ‘just works’ out of the box, including desktop effects.</li><li>The newer <span class="caps"><span class="caps">NVIDIA</span></span> 9400M-based MacBooks will require the installation of the <span class="caps"><span class="caps">NVIDIA</span></span> proprietary driver for full graphics support.</li></ul> </li><li>WiFi <ul><li>Support for the WiFi chip used in the MacBook is built right into recent revisions of the Linux kernel. The result? WiFi ‘just works’. Seriously.</li></ul> </li><li>Bluetooth</li><li>Audio <ul><li>After a little fiddle with the audio volume levels.</li></ul> </li></ul> <h2>Backup, Backup, Backup</h2> <p>Before you do anything, make a full backup of your system. Anything you care about must be kept somewhere else as well, just in case this process goes wrong. A Time Machine backup should be fine, as long as you don’t forget to also backup the exceptions to your Time Machine backup separately if you don’t want to lose them.</p> <p>Once you are completely confident that you could restore the entire system in a snap, or are convinced that you don’t care about anything on the machine, go ahead and continue with this tutorial.</p> <h2>Make Free Space</h2> <p>The first step is to make enough free space on your disk for Ubuntu to exist within. There are essentially two ways to achieve this. Unless you’re reinstalling Mac OS X from scratch anyway, it is probably a better idea to use the Boot Camp method, as you don’t have to delete everything to do so.</p> <h3>Using Boot Camp Assistant</h3> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2009/03/bootcampassistant.png" title="Screenshot of Boot Camp Assistant" alt="Screenshot of Boot Camp Assistant" /></p> <p>Despite being designed for dual booting Windows and Mac OS X, Boot Camp Assistant is very useful to us as it automatically repartitions the hard drive on the fly, without deleting any of your data.</p> <p>The space that you allocate to ‘Windows’ in this screen will, obviously, be the space that Ubuntu will occupy, so give yourself as much space as you think you will need.</p> <p>Once you’ve clicked Partition, simply choose <strong>Quit and Install Later</strong>, as we won’t actually be installing Windows.</p> <p>Now Boot Camp Assistant very helpfully formatted the partition as FAT32. Um, great, but we actually want free space. We’ll fix this from the Ubuntu side later.</p> <h3>By Reinstalling</h3> <p>If you happen to be reinstalling OS X anyway, you can use Disk Utility from within the Mac OS X Installer (in the Utilities menu) to partition the disk, manually creating a Mac OS Extended partition for OS X and deliberately leaving some space as unformatted.</p> <h2>Install rEFIt Boot Loader</h2> <p>In order to fix the system’s Master Boot Record (MBR) after the Ubuntu install is complete, we need to briefly install <a href="http://refit.sourceforge.net/">rEFIt</a>, a custom bootloader for <span class="caps">EFI</span>-based computers, including Intel Macs.</p> <p>Go ahead and download the Mac disk image and run the installer package.</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2009/03/rEFItInstaller.png" title="rEFIt Installer" alt="rEFIt Installer" /></p> <p>Once it is complete, reboot the Mac and verify that you get a screen that looks something like the following (it won’t have a Tux icon yet and shouldn’t have a Windows icon either).</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2009/03/refitdemo.png" title="rEFIt boot screen" alt="rEFIt boot screen" /></p> <p>OK, we’re finally ready to kick off the Ubuntu install.</p> <h2>Run Ubuntu Installer</h2> <p>For the most part, this process is exactly the same as you would do on a PC. There are, however, two crucial steps you must get right.</p> <p>Before getting started on the install, however, we need to get rid of the FAT32 formatting of the Boot Camp partition. Pop the Ubuntu CD into your computer and reboot. At the rEFIt boot menu, you can choose to boot Linux from CD. I recommend you plug in a <span class="caps">USB</span> mouse at this point so you can right-click.</p> <p>Select <strong>Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer</strong> to get into the full Ubuntu interface. Once the system boots, go to Applications > Accessories > Terminal.</p> <code>$ sudo gparted</code> <p>This opens the partition editor, so we can go ahead and wipe that partition.</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2009/03/gparted.png" title="Partition editor screenshot" alt="Partition editor screenshot" /></p> <p>You’ll want to find the FAT32 partition labelled ‘Boot Camp’ (NOT the one labelled ‘EFI’ at the start), right-click it and choose Delete. Apply the changes.</p> <p>Once the changes are applied, you can continue with the installation, as normal, except the following two things which must be set correctly:</p> <h3>Choose ‘Largest Continuous Free Space’</h3> <p>When you are asked by the installer how you want to partition the disk, choose <strong>Guided – use largest continuous free space</strong>. Since you just made sure you have a large chunk of free space earlier, by deleting the Boot Camp FAT32 partition, it will recognise that and use the space for Ubuntu.</p> <span style="font-size:0;">If you are desperate to partition it yourself and know what you are doing, just make sure the bootable partition is the first one. Don't put your swap before your data on the disk, or the Mac will try to boot from the swap partition.</span> <h3>Install <span class="caps">GRUB</span> on sda</h3> <p>At the final page of the installer, ‘Ready to install’, where you are shown all the settings for the install, make sure you click the <strong>Advanced</strong> button and choose to install <span class="caps">GRUB</span> onto /dev/sda3.</p> <h2>Sync <span class="caps">MBR</span> with rEFIt</h2> <p>So, the installation should finish and you will be told to reboot. When the system comes back up, do not jump straight away into the new Linux option on your rEFIt boot menu.</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2009/03/refitdemo.png" title="rEFIt boot screen" alt="rEFIt boot screen" /></p> <p>Instead, select the Partition Tool icon. It should tell you that the Master Boot Record need to be synced and offer to do so. Press the Y key to accept this and you will return to the boot screen.</p> <p>I recommend at this point you select the option to shut down your Mac, give it a few seconds to clear everything out and then turn it back on. This avoids a lockup I experienced right after you perform the <span class="caps">MBR</span> sync.</p> <h2>Boot the System and Uninstall rEFIt</h2> <p>At this point, you should be ready to go. At the rEFIt boot menu, choose the Linux option and Ubuntu should boot. At this point, everything should be just the same as it would be on a PC.</p> <p>You can now <a href="http://refit.sourceforge.net/doc/c1s3_remove.html">uninstall rEFIt</a> if you desire, or you can leave it intact and use it each time the system boots to choose your operating system. The choice is entirely up to you.</p> <p>If you <a href="http://refit.sourceforge.net/doc/c1s3_remove.html">remove it</a>, you can boot into Ubuntu with the Mac’s native boot loader by holding down the Option key at startup and choosing the disk entitled ‘Windows’.</p> <h2>Conclusion</h2> <p>And that’s it. After you’ve done this little bit of fiddling to get it installed, and perhaps once you have <a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MacBook2-1/Intrepid">configured some components</a> that don’t work out of the box, you have a very nice little Ubuntu machine.</p> </div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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In this example, my master <span class="caps">GRUB</span> installation is on a Kubuntu 8.10 installation, and I’m using an older Kubuntu 8.04 Live CD I have lying around.</p> <p>This tutorial <em>does</em> require you to have some understanding of how your multi-boot system operates, disk partitions and using the command line. If you are not confident, perhaps find a friend who knows Linux more intimately to do this process.</p> <h2>Before Starting</h2> <p>It’s worth mentioning that you may need to use a live CD somewhat similar to that of your ‘master’ OS, where your boot loader configuration is stored. This is due to the technique we use to re-run the <span class="caps">GRUB</span> installer.</p> <p>Also, you need to actually know which system holds the configuration file for your <span class="caps">GRUB</span> boot loader and on which partition it is located. If you have a more complicated multi-boot setup, like myself, you probably know this. If you have a more simple Windows-Linux dual boot, there should only be one Linux data partition where it could be.</p> <h2>Boot the Live CD</h2> <p>Start the Live CD up as normal. Don’t choose to install the OS if prompted, you want to come to a full live desktop to run the specific commands we need.</p> <h2>Identify your Partitions</h2> <p>You need to know on which partition the <span class="caps">GRUB</span> config file and associated programs are stored. You may wish to use a graphical program such as Gparted (if available). You’ll want to find out the device string (such as <b>sda5</b>) of the relevant partition.</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2009/05/GPartedExample.png" title="GParted screenshot" alt="GParted screenshot" /></p> <p>(The screenshot above is actually from my triple-boot MacBook, but still shows you how you can identify the (ext3) partition of Ubuntu on that system.)</p> <p>If you can’t use a graphical program to work this out, open a Terminal program and use the following command:</p> <code>$ sudo fdisk -l</code> <p>This will list all of the partitions on all the devices on your system. Under the ‘System’ column, you can see all of the partitions labelled as ‘Linux’. This won’t show you the difference between data and OS partitions, so is less useful in a more complex partition layout.</p> <p><img src="http://files.fosswire.com/2009/05/FdiskL.png" title="Fdisk -l screenshot" alt="Fdisk -l screenshot" /></p> <p>If you can work out where your Linux is from this, note down the information under ‘Device’.</p> <h2>Mount the Partition</h2> <p>We now must mount your partition, so that we can access it. Some Live CDs may do this for you, or offer to do so, but here we will perform the process manually.</p> <p>We will first make a folder in which the partition is mounted and then do the mounting. Replace the device string <b>/dev/sda5</b> with the device string that you identified earlier.</p> <code>$ sudo mkdir /mnt/system<br />$ sudo mount /dev/sda5 /mnt/system</code> <p>You should now be able to browse your hard drive by navigating to that folder. The next process we are going to perform is to temporarily change the root directory of our terminal (chroot), so that we can run the <span class="caps">GRUB</span> installer directly from the hard drive. It won’t even realise it’s not running from the real system</p> <p>On Ubuntu and other sudo-based distros, we must first do this:</p> <code>$ sudo -i</code> <p>to become root fully (sudo is not enough here).</p> <h2>Doing the chroot</h2> <p>The <span class="caps">GRUB</span> installer requires to read the devices on disk directly in order to write the <span class="caps">GRUB</span> boot record back onto the system properly. It therefore needs a working copy of /dev, inside the mounted directory.</p> <code># mount -o bind /dev /mnt/system/dev</code> <p>Next, we can run chroot:</p> <code># chroot /mnt/system</code> <p>From this point forward, <em>be very careful</em>. You have root privileges and full write access to your hard drive. The usual caveats apply.</p> <h2>Run the <span class="caps">GRUB</span> Installer</h2> <p>All we need to do now is to simply run the <span class="caps">GRUB</span> installer, which plonks the <span class="caps">GRUB</span> boot record back on the hard disk and gives us back all of our choices.</p> <code># grub-install /dev/sda</code> <p>If you need to install <span class="caps">GRUB</span> elsewhere (such as a different disk or a specific partition), change /dev/sda. In most cases, just leave this as-is.</p><p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXsYWISq1I/AAAAAAAAAvo/XxOd5TY35FU/s1600-h/grubcustsplash.png"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 616px; height: 392px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXsYWISq1I/AAAAAAAAAvo/XxOd5TY35FU/s320/grubcustsplash.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333929236691594066" border="0" /></a></p><p><span class="caps"><br /></span></p><p><span class="caps">GRUB</span> should be re-instated on disk. You can now simply close your terminal, reboot the machine safely and everything should be back to normal.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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This is the username and password that you'll need later on to log into Piwik:<br /><p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXM3XW4mWI/AAAAAAAAAq4/3_j9M5hYA2c/s1600-h/10.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 577px; height: 411px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXM3XW4mWI/AAAAAAAAAq4/3_j9M5hYA2c/s400/10.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333894585225091426" border="0" /></a><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"><br /></noscript></p> <p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>You can configure Piwik to generate reports for multiple web sites later on, but during the installation, we configure Piwik for our first (and maybe only?) web site. Fill in a name for that web site and its URL: </p> <p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXOCMzxMAI/AAAAAAAAArA/fD_es251cE0/s1600-h/11.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 598px; height: 426px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXOCMzxMAI/AAAAAAAAArA/fD_es251cE0/s400/11.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333895870883639298" border="0" /></a></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p> <p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Afterwards, Piwik will display a Javascript code for that web site. Copy it and paste it right above the tag of all pages belonging to the web site that you've configured in the last screen (<span class="system">www.example.com</span>): </p> <p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXVT9uWrhI/AAAAAAAAArQ/GDQVj9uur3k/s1600-h/12.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 578px; height: 410px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXVT9uWrhI/AAAAAAAAArQ/GDQVj9uur3k/s400/12.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333903872653438482" border="0" /></a><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p> <p>Click on <span class="system">Next</span> afterwards: </p> <div class="goog-inline-block goog-icon-list-icon"><div class="goog-icon-list-icon-img-div"><a href="http://picasaweb.google.co.in/rakesh.kr/DebairaImage#5333914399844309778" class="goog-icon-list-icon-link" style="width: 1em; height: 0.712727em;"><img src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXe4ukPmxI/AAAAAAAAAu8/XNjD_uaOPE0/s128/13.png" class="goog-icon-list-icon-img" style="width: 577px; height: 432px;" /></a></div></div> <p><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"><br /></noscript></p> <p>The installation is now finished. Click on <span class="system">Continue to Piwik</span>: </p><br /><div class="goog-inline-block goog-icon-list-icon"><div class="goog-icon-list-icon-img-div"><a href="http://picasaweb.google.co.in/rakesh.kr/DebairaImage#5333914396439414690" class="goog-icon-list-icon-link" style="width: 1em; height: 0.712727em;"><img src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXe4h4dB6I/AAAAAAAAAvA/W4v9Py8TeWI/s128/14.png" class="goog-icon-list-icon-img" style="width: 591px; height: 444px;" /></a></div></div><br /><br /><br /><h3>3 Using Piwik </h3> <p>Now log in with the account you've created during the installation: </p> <div class="goog-inline-block goog-icon-list-icon"><div class="goog-icon-list-icon-img-div"><a href="http://picasaweb.google.co.in/rakesh.kr/DebairaImage#5333914400145906130" class="goog-icon-list-icon-link" style="width: 1em; height: 0.712727em;"><img src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXe4vsJmdI/AAAAAAAAAvE/E1Cu3u-0gB4/s128/15.png" class="goog-icon-list-icon-img" style="width: 591px; height: 444px;" /></a></div></div> <a href="http://images.howtoforge.com/images/website_statistics_with_piwik/big/15.png" class="thickbox"><div><br /></div></a><a href="http://images.howtoforge.com/images/website_statistics_with_piwik/big/15.png" class="thickbox"><div> </div></a><br /><p>This is the Piwik Dashboard (in my example it's quite empty, but on a real-life system, you should see quite a lot statistics after some time): </p> <div class="goog-inline-block goog-icon-list-icon"><div class="goog-icon-list-icon-img-div"><a href="http://picasaweb.google.co.in/rakesh.kr/DebairaImage#5333914405838986354" class="goog-icon-list-icon-link" style="width: 1em; height: 0.603636em;"><img src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXe5E5fHHI/AAAAAAAAAvI/9nqnrZewa_w/s128/16.png" class="goog-icon-list-icon-img" style="width: 587px; height: 410px;" /></a></div></div> <p><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"><br /></noscript></p> <p>You can manage Piwik by clicking on the <span class="system">Settings</span> link in the upper right corner. Here you can enable or disable Piwik plugins,... </p> <p><a href="http://picasaweb.google.co.in/rakesh.kr/DebairaImage#5333914407354856962" class="goog-icon-list-icon-link" style="width: 1em; height: 0.712727em;"><img src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXe5Ki5dgI/AAAAAAAAAvM/DthfaGXJO84/s128/17.png" class="goog-icon-list-icon-img" style="width: 588px; height: 442px;" /></a><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p> <p>..., manage users and access permissions,... </p> <p><a href="http://picasaweb.google.co.in/rakesh.kr/DebairaImage#5333916605830354018" class="goog-icon-list-icon-link" style="width: 1em; height: 0.712727em;"><img src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXg5IgTVGI/AAAAAAAAAvQ/Ft_cxEeQd_s/s128/18.png" class="goog-icon-list-icon-img" style="width: 606px; height: 454px;" /></a><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p> <p><br /></p><p>... and add further web sites (you will get a unique Javascript code for each web site): </p> <p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXg-ybdPwI/AAAAAAAAAvg/6RYPAivez5E/s1600-h/19.png"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 590px; height: 420px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXg-ybdPwI/AAAAAAAAAvg/6RYPAivez5E/s320/19.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333916702983667458" border="0" /></a><a href="http://images.howtoforge.com/images/website_statistics_with_piwik/big/19.png" class="thickbox"></a><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"><br /></noscript></p> <p> </p> <h3>4 High-Traffic Web Sites</h3> <p>The Piwik reports are generated in real-time which can make the Piwik web interface a little bit slow on high-traffic web sites. Therefore you should set up a cron job (as described on <a href="http://piwik.org/docs/setup-auto-archiving/" target="_blank">http://piwik.org/docs/setup-auto-archiving/</a>) that generates the reports once a day - the Piwik interface should then react faster again:</p> <p class="command">crontab -e</p> <table class="" align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc" border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="90%"> <tbody><tr> <td class=""> <pre>MAILTO="falko@example.com"<br />5 0 * * * www-data /var/www/example.com/web/piwik/misc/cron/archive.sh</pre> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>(This generates the reports each day at 00:05h. Make sure you use the correct user name for the web server. On Debian/Ubuntu, it's <span class="system">www-data</span>, on Fedora/CentOS, it's <span class="system">apache</span>.)</p> <p>Make the <span class="system">/var/www/example.com/web/piwik/misc/cron/archive.sh</span> file executable:</p> <p class="command">chmod 755 /var/www/example.com/web/piwik/misc/cron/archive.sh</p> <p>Then run it manually to see if it throws any errors:</p> <p class="command">/var/www/example.com/web/piwik/misc/cron/archive.sh </p> <p>If you see something like this...</p> <p class="system">[root@server1 cron]# /var/www/example.com/web/piwik/misc/cron/archive.sh<br />/var/www/example.com/web/piwik/misc/cron/archive.sh: line 20: /usr/bin/php5: No such file or directory<br />[root@server1 cron]#</p> <p>... run...</p> <p class="command">which php</p> <p>... to find out where PHP is located...</p> <p class="system">[root@server1 cron]# which php<br />/usr/bin/php<br />[root@server1 cron]# </p> <p>... and edit <span class="system">/var/www/example.com/web/piwik/misc/cron/archive.sh</span>:</p> <p class="command">vi /var/www/example.com/web/piwik/misc/cron/archive.sh</p> <p>Change <span class="system">PHP_BIN</span>; also adjust the <span class="system">PIWIK_PATH</span> variable:</p> <table class="" align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc" border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="90%"> <tbody><tr> <td class=""> <pre>[...]<br />PHP_BIN=/usr/bin/php<br />PIWIK_PATH=/var/www/example.com/web/piwik/index.php<br />[...]</pre> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Then run</p> <p class="command">/var/www/example.com/web/piwik/misc/cron/archive.sh</p> <p>again. It shouldn't throw any errors anymore. </p><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-7902112305836683112009-05-09T03:18:00.000-07:002009-05-10T07:40:37.677-07:00Generating Website Statistics With Piwik, An Open-Source, Google Analytics-Like Web Analytics ToolThis guide explains how you can install and use <a mce_real_href="http://piwik.org/" href="http://piwik.org/" target="_blank">Piwik</a> for generating website analytics. The reports generated by Piwik are similar to the ones generated by Google Analytics. Piwik is an Open-Source (GPL) tool that you can download and host on your own servers which means you are in full control over your data. In addition to that, Piwik's functionality can be extended by plugins. <p>I do not issue any guarantee that this will work for you!</p> <p> </p> <h3>1 Preliminary Note</h3> <p>I'm using the web site <span class="system">www.example.com</span> here with the document root <span class="system">/var/www/example.com/web/</span>. I'm assuming that the web site is working, and that PHP 5.1 or newer is installed on the server. I'm also assuming that you have an empty MySQL database that you can use for the Piwik installation. I'm using the database <span class="system">c0piwik</span> with the database user <span class="system">c0piwik</span> and the password <span class="system">piwik</span> here (ask your hoster to create an empty MySQL database for you, or create it yourself through your control panel, e.g. ISPConfig). </p> <p> </p> <h3>2 Installing Piwik</h3> <p><a mce_real_href="http://piwik.org/latest.zip" href="http://piwik.org/latest.zip">Download Piwik</a> to your desktop and unzip it. This will give you a folder <span class="system">latest/piwik/</span>. Upload the <span class="system">piwik/</span> folder to your document root (e.g. with FTP). In my case where the document root is <span class="system">/var/www/example.com/web/</span> this will result in a folder <span class="system">/var/www/example.com/web/piwik/</span>.</p> <p>Now open a browser and go to <span class="system">http://www.example.com/piwik</span> to start the Piwik installer. If you see something like this... </p> <p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgVfBYVvuUI/AAAAAAAAApI/mHP7wc0quQg/s1600-h/1.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 586px; height: 352px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgVfBYVvuUI/AAAAAAAAApI/mHP7wc0quQg/s320/1.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333773811008387394" border="0" /></a></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><a href="http://images.howtoforge.com/images/website_statistics_with_piwik/big/1.png" class="thickbox"><br /><div><br /></div></a><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p> <p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>... either run the shown commands in the command line (if you have shell access)...</p> <p class="command">chmod 777 /var/www/clients/client0/web1/web/piwik/tmp<br />chmod 777 /var/www/clients/client0/web1/web/piwik/tmp/templates_c<br />chmod 777 /var/www/clients/client0/web1/web/piwik/tmp/cache</p> <p>(In my installation, <span class="system">/var/www/example.com/web/</span> is a symlink to <span class="system">/var/www/clients/client0/web1/web/</span>, that's why you see <span class="system">/var/www/clients/client0/web1/web/</span> instead of <span class="system">/var/www/example.com/web/</span> here in the screenshot and the command.)</p> <p>... or change the folder permissions in your FTP client: </p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgVgWDBOGRI/AAAAAAAAApQ/4C5MOyjNffE/s1600-h/2.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 580px; height: 390px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgVgWDBOGRI/AAAAAAAAApQ/4C5MOyjNffE/s320/2.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333775265574033682" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><p><br /></p><p>(In my installation, the <span class="system">tmp/</span> folder was empty, so I did not have to change permissions for <span class="system">tmp/templates_c</span> and <span class="system">tmp/cache</span>.)</p> <p>Then refresh the Piwik page in your browser. You should now see the welcome page of the installer. Click on <span class="system">Next</span>: </p> <p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgVht2OTcnI/AAAAAAAAApY/X86LlW_5HPk/s1600-h/3.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 584px; height: 343px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgVht2OTcnI/AAAAAAAAApY/X86LlW_5HPk/s320/3.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333776773967737458" border="0" /></a></p><p><br /></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"><br /></noscript></p> <p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>On the next page, the installer performs a system check to see if all prerequisites are fulfilled. If there's a problem with the <span class="system">config</span> folder,... </p> <p><br /></p><p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgVj8mBsg_I/AAAAAAAAApo/WPjMUOyjNkI/s1600-h/4.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 587px; height: 450px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgVj8mBsg_I/AAAAAAAAApo/WPjMUOyjNkI/s320/4.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333779226341180402" border="0" /></a></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"><br /></noscript></p> <p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>... scroll down, and you should see the command to execute to solve the problem (if you don't have shell access, you can as well fix the permissions with your FTP client):</p><p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXLFdUgCEI/AAAAAAAAAqw/JDQEWLLazk4/s1600-h/5.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 572px; height: 410px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXLFdUgCEI/AAAAAAAAAqw/JDQEWLLazk4/s400/5.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333892628320618562" border="0" /></a></p><p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgW6B1uVFRI/AAAAAAAAAp4/23ZO6l-aCkU/s1600-h/6.png"><br /></a></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p> <p><a href="http://images.howtoforge.com/images/website_statistics_with_piwik/big/5.png" class="thickbox"><br /><div><br /></div></a><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><p>After you have fixed the problem, scroll down and click on the <span class="system">Refresh the page</span> link:<br /></p><p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgW6B1uVFRI/AAAAAAAAAp4/23ZO6l-aCkU/s1600-h/6.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 561px; height: 399px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgW6B1uVFRI/AAAAAAAAAp4/23ZO6l-aCkU/s320/6.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333873874454254866" border="0" /></a></p> <p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"><br /></noscript></p><p><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"><br /></noscript></p><p><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"><br /></noscript></p><p><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"><br /></noscript></p><p><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"><br /></noscript></p><p><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"><br /></noscript></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p> <p>The system check should now succeed. Click on <span class="system">Next</span>: </p><br /><p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgW7H9xMNlI/AAAAAAAAAqA/y5hN1XTG7BY/s1600-h/7.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 571px; height: 406px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgW7H9xMNlI/AAAAAAAAAqA/y5hN1XTG7BY/s320/7.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333875079204582994" border="0" /></a></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Now we come to the database settings. Fill in the database name of your empty database as well as the database user and the password. You can leave the table prefix (<span class="system">piwik_</span>) as it is. The same goes for the MySQL server (<span class="system">localhost</span>) unless it is located on a remote server:<br /></p><p><br /></p> <p><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXGTjmuJAI/AAAAAAAAAqY/we5mnoKZ4vI/s1600-h/8.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 609px; height: 433px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXGTjmuJAI/AAAAAAAAAqY/we5mnoKZ4vI/s320/8.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333887372967683074" border="0" /></a><noscript style="font-size: 7pt;"></noscript></p> <p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>The installer creates the necessary database tables. Click on <span class="system">Next</span>:<br /></p><p><br /></p> <a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXHitQ9NYI/AAAAAAAAAqo/b99fWedVdZE/s1600-h/9.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 579px; height: 412px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgXHitQ9NYI/AAAAAAAAAqo/b99fWedVdZE/s320/9.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333888732770416002" border="0" /></a><br /><p></p><br /><p></p><br /><a href="http://debaira.blogspot.com/2009/05/generating-website-statistics-with_09.html"> </a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://debaira.blogspot.com/2009/05/generating-website-statistics-with_09.html">Page 2 </a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-41061051472854086822009-05-09T03:09:00.000-07:002009-05-09T03:17:42.682-07:00Rescuing a Lost Root Password<span style="font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:-1;">Sometimes you wind up taking over a machine for which the root password has been lost. Here are a couple of solutions.<br /><br /></span><span style="font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:-1;"><li> Reboot (hard reboot by pulling the power cable if rebooting requires the root password), and hit 'e' to edit the boot line when you get to the grub menu. Scroll down to the line that starts with <tt>kernel</tt>, then hit 'e' again to edit it, add 'single' to the end, and hit Enter to accept. Now 'b' to boot and eventually you'll be dumped into a root shell. From here type <tt>passwd</tt> to change the root password.</li> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:-1;"> <li>Some systems require the root password to boot into 'single' mode. In this case, try editing the grub boot line to add 'init=/bin/bash' to the end of the <tt>kernel</tt> line. This will boot you into a very basic system, using the <tt>bash</tt> shell instead of <tt>init</tt>. You may have to mount the root partition read/write: <pre>mount -no remount,rw /</pre></li></span><span style="font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:-1;">Then use <tt>passwd</tt> to reset the password.<br /><br /></span><span style="font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:-1;"> <li>If grub is protected, try booting from a LiveCD or USB stick. Open a root shell, and use <tt>fdisk -l</tt> to show the available disk partitions. Mount the root partition with <pre>mount -o,rw /dev/hda1 /mnt</pre> Check it's the right directory with <tt>ls /mnt</tt>, then change into that as your root directory: <pre>chroot /mnt</pre> Now use <tt>passwd</tt> as before.</li></span> <p><span style="font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:-1;"><strong>NOTE:</strong> It's important to bear in mind that all of these are also potential security risks if people have physical access to your machines.</span></p><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-18645171175825828272009-05-08T10:58:00.000-07:002009-05-08T11:03:18.063-07:00Linux Proves - The Best Things In Life Are Free<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgRzcvVVV_I/AAAAAAAAApA/VQrOzQNNkxA/s1600-h/linux-logo.png"><img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer; width: 128px; height: 128px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgRzcvVVV_I/AAAAAAAAApA/VQrOzQNNkxA/s320/linux-logo.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5333514796292986866" border="0" /></a><br />They say - there's no such thing as a free lunch. But, Linux and FOSS software can be used to start, run and grow your business for, you guessed it, free. February survey of IT managers by IDC indicated that hard times are accelerating the adoption of Linux. The open source operating system will emerge from the recession in a stronger data center position than before, concluded an IDC white paper. Reducing costs and stronger interoperability with Windows were listed as the two top issues in a new survey of IT managers.<br /><br />Sun Microsystems, Novell, Microsoft and many more have been down because of bad economy. But, Free software vendor such as Red Hat, IBM and others are <a href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-13505_3-10128256-16.html" target="_blank">doing fine</a>. Here in India, many Government projects and schools found success with Linux. Also, Linux found good successes in emerging economies where Microsoft Windows doesn't already dominate end user computing. The increasing use of Linux as a pre-loaded system on mobile devices is another area where Linux use is likely to grow on. <p>However, Linux may be free, but you still need to invest in the training and getting involved in the community to get support. What do you thing? Have you found success with Linux in your data center? Please add your thoughts in the comments below.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-37482494341003355922009-05-05T23:37:00.000-07:002009-05-06T23:21:52.311-07:00Tricks To Increase Your Firefox Speed By A Noticeable Amount<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgEwWWR3XcI/AAAAAAAAAo4/wgL7wT9BsuY/s1600-h/speedometer0100_ffx.jpg"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 250px; height: 188px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgEwWWR3XcI/AAAAAAAAAo4/wgL7wT9BsuY/s320/speedometer0100_ffx.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5332596594279144898" border="0" /></a><br />Hello. With this simple detailed tutorial I will show you how to increase the speed of Firefox by 10-30 times.<img class="emoticon" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/13.gif" alt="hah" title="hah" /><br /><br />Firefox is a well known open source browser and is widely used around the world for it being secure, stable and fast.<br /><br />But by default few settings are disabled in this which makes it bit slow sometimes. With this tutorial you will be able to explore the hidden speed of Firefox which will boost the speed of Firefox and make your Firefox lightning fast. <img class="emoticon" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/3.gif" alt="kenyit" title="kenyit" /><br /><br />Download the latest version of Firefox from <a href="http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/firefox/"><span style="font-weight: bold;">here</span></a>. Now install the Firefox.<br /><br />To speed up Firefox follow these steps.<span class="fullpost"><br /><div class="code"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">For those who are unsure about the changes, please first refer to this post:</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Backup Firefox Profile And Restore It!</span><br /></div><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">01.</span> Type <span style="font-weight: bold;">about:config</span> in the address bar and then press Enter.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9NWavVh0I/AAAAAAAAAdA/ppmxs-5oSqo/s1600-h/01.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 293px; height: 139px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9NWavVh0I/AAAAAAAAAdA/ppmxs-5oSqo/s400/01.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291533134713947970" border="0" /></a><br /><br />And you will see a confirmation message like this:<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9NVoqNAwI/AAAAAAAAAc4/UlEiuqgNF3E/s1600-h/001.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 119px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9NVoqNAwI/AAAAAAAAAc4/UlEiuqgNF3E/s400/001.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291533121270645506" border="0" /></a><br /><br />Now click I'll be careful, I promise!<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">02.</span> You will see a label there <span style="font-weight: bold;">Filter</span>, just next to it type <span style="font-weight: bold;">network.http.pipelining</span>. Now be sure the value field is set true, if not double-click to set <span style="font-weight: bold;">true</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9NWdfCV5I/AAAAAAAAAdI/IEbk-9TWANM/s1600-h/02.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 84px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9NWdfCV5I/AAAAAAAAAdI/IEbk-9TWANM/s400/02.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291533135450888082" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Info:</span> HTTP is the application-layer protocol that most web pages are transferred with. In HTTP 1.1, multiple requests can be sent before any responses are received. This is known as pipelining. Pipelining reduces page loading times, but not all servers support it!<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">03.</span> Go back to the Filter search bar and type <span style="font-weight: bold;">network.http.pipelining.maxrequests</span>. Double-click this option and set its value to <span style="font-weight: bold;">8</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9NWXw6o3I/AAAAAAAAAdQ/4-s6CsIO4ck/s1600-h/03.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 368px; height: 104px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9NWXw6o3I/AAAAAAAAAdQ/4-s6CsIO4ck/s400/03.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291533133915267954" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">04.</span> In the Filter search bar and type <span style="font-weight: bold;">network.http.proxy.pipelining</span>. Once opened double-click on it and set it to <span style="font-weight: bold;">true</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9NWhMT7BI/AAAAAAAAAdY/Xrn8Dl1xp4o/s1600-h/04.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 355px; height: 100px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9NWhMT7BI/AAAAAAAAAdY/Xrn8Dl1xp4o/s400/04.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291533136446090258" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">05.</span> Type <span style="font-weight: bold;">network.dns.disableIPv6</span> in the filter search bar and set this option to <span style="font-weight: bold;">true</span> by double clicking on it.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N4zRckoI/AAAAAAAAAdg/q9eSS8NhKfI/s1600-h/05.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 355px; height: 79px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N4zRckoI/AAAAAAAAAdg/q9eSS8NhKfI/s400/05.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291533725415019138" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Info:</span> In IPv6-capable DNS servers, an IPv4 address may be returned when an IPv6 address is requested. It is possible for Mozilla to recover from this misinformation, but a significant delay is introduced.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">06.</span> CONTENT INTERRUPT PARSING<br />This preference controls if the application will interrupt parsing a page to respond to UI events. It does not exist by default.<br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Right-click</span> (Apple users <span style="font-weight: bold;">ctrl+click</span>) anywhere in the about:config window, select <span style="font-weight: bold;">New</span> and then <span style="font-weight: bold;">Boolean</span> from the pop-up menu. Then:<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5LF4CBI/AAAAAAAAAdo/M3FgY7r4JR0/s1600-h/06.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 181px; height: 101px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5LF4CBI/AAAAAAAAAdo/M3FgY7r4JR0/s400/06.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291533731808938002" border="0" /></a><br /><br />A. Enter <span style="font-weight: bold;">content.interrupt.parsing</span> in the <span style="font-weight: bold;">New boolean</span> value pop-up window and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5DPWLOI/AAAAAAAAAdw/73n3WQaY1EQ/s1600-h/07.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 326px; height: 150px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5DPWLOI/AAAAAAAAAdw/73n3WQaY1EQ/s400/07.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291533729701178594" border="0" /></a><br /><br />B. When prompted to choose the value for the new boolean, select <span style="font-weight: bold;">true</span> and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5cw0xSI/AAAAAAAAAd4/1VqEyCxbKdk/s1600-h/08.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 299px; height: 178px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5cw0xSI/AAAAAAAAAd4/1VqEyCxbKdk/s400/08.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291533736552482082" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">07.</span> Rather than wait until a page has completely downloaded to display it to the user, Mozilla applications will regularly render what has been received to that point. This option controls the maximum amount of time the application will be unresponsive while rendering pages.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Right-click</span> (Apple users ctrl+click) anywhere in the about:config window, select <span style="font-weight: bold;">New</span> and then <span style="font-weight: bold;">Integer</span> from the pop-up menu.<br /><img src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5s6NlSI/AAAAAAAAAeA/ZE89kPhmLUM/09.jpg" alt="steps in speeding firefox" title="Integer" /><br /><br />A. Enter <span style="font-weight: bold;">content.max.tokenizing.time</span> in the New integer value pop-up window and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9P_IdZYoI/AAAAAAAAAeI/xv-sPxQLkzw/s1600-h/10.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 326px; height: 150px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9P_IdZYoI/AAAAAAAAAeI/xv-sPxQLkzw/s400/10.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291536033204757122" border="0" /></a><br /><br />B. You will be prompted to enter a value. Enter <span style="font-weight: bold;">2250000</span> and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9P_HaCzJI/AAAAAAAAAeQ/XjkY-tnYlgg/s1600-h/11.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 326px; height: 150px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9P_HaCzJI/AAAAAAAAAeQ/XjkY-tnYlgg/s400/11.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291536032922258578" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">08.</span> CONTENT NOTIFY INTERVAL<br />This option sets the minimum amount of time to wait between reflows. Right-click (Apple users ctrl+click) anywhere in the about:config window, select <span style="font-weight: bold;">New</span> and then <span style="font-weight: bold;">Integer</span> from the pop-up menu.<br /><img src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5s6NlSI/AAAAAAAAAeA/ZE89kPhmLUM/09.jpg" alt="steps in speeding firefox" title="Integer" /><br /><br />A. Type <span style="font-weight: bold;">content.notify.interval</span> in the New integer value pop-up window and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9P_B0BZoI/AAAAAAAAAeY/WN1tmB8sUG0/s1600-h/13.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 326px; height: 150px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9P_B0BZoI/AAAAAAAAAeY/WN1tmB8sUG0/s400/13.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291536031420606082" border="0" /></a><br /><br />B. You will be prompted to enter a value. Enter <span style="font-weight: bold;">750000</span> and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9P_pRanzI/AAAAAAAAAeg/hNvsmWS8Mqg/s1600-h/14.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 326px; height: 150px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9P_pRanzI/AAAAAAAAAeg/hNvsmWS8Mqg/s400/14.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291536042012876594" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">09.</span> CONTENT NOTIFY ONTIMER<br /><br />A. This option sets if to reflow pages at an interval any higher than that specified by content.notify.interval. Right-click (Apple users ctrl+click) anywhere in the about:config window and select <span style="font-weight: bold;">New</span> and then <span style="font-weight: bold;">Boolean</span> from the pop-up menu.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9P_nJPf5I/AAAAAAAAAeo/Alun6w0q2kQ/s1600-h/16.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 326px; height: 150px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9P_nJPf5I/AAAAAAAAAeo/Alun6w0q2kQ/s400/16.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291536041441722258" border="0" /></a><br /><br />B. Type <span style="font-weight: bold;">content.notify.ontimer</span> in the New <span style="font-weight: bold;">boolean</span> value pop-up window and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5LF4CBI/AAAAAAAAAdo/M3FgY7r4JR0/s1600-h/06.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 181px; height: 101px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5LF4CBI/AAAAAAAAAdo/M3FgY7r4JR0/s400/06.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291533731808938002" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br />C. You will be prompted to choose the value for the new boolean. Select <span style="font-weight: bold;">true</span> and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5cw0xSI/AAAAAAAAAd4/1VqEyCxbKdk/s1600-h/08.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 299px; height: 178px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5cw0xSI/AAAAAAAAAd4/1VqEyCxbKdk/s400/08.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291533736552482082" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">10.</span> Notify Backoffcount<br />This option controls the maximum number of times the content will do timer-based reflows. After this number has been reached, the page will only reflow once it is finished downloading. Right-click (Apple users ctrl+click) anywhere in the about:config window and select <span style="font-weight: bold;">New</span> and then <span style="font-weight: bold;">Integer</span> from the pop-up menu.<br /><img src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5s6NlSI/AAAAAAAAAeA/ZE89kPhmLUM/09.jpg" alt="steps in speeding firefox" title="Integer" /><br /><br />A. Enter <span style="font-weight: bold;">content.notify.backoffcount</span> in the New integer value pop-up window and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9QwkIQwbI/AAAAAAAAAew/nDK3dj16Ri4/s1600-h/19.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 326px; height: 150px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9QwkIQwbI/AAAAAAAAAew/nDK3dj16Ri4/s400/19.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291536882445894066" border="0" /></a><br /><br />B. You will be prompted to enter a value. Enter <span style="font-weight: bold;">5</span> and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9QwrfDQ0I/AAAAAAAAAe4/_DljGdvDDW0/s1600-h/20.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 326px; height: 150px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9QwrfDQ0I/AAAAAAAAAe4/_DljGdvDDW0/s400/20.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291536884420526914" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">11.</span> CONTENT SWITCH THRESHOLD<br />You can interact with a loading page when content.interrupt.parsing is set to true. When a page is loading, the application has two modes: a high frequency interrupt mode and a low frequency interrupt mode. The first one interrupts the parser more frequently to allow for greater UI responsiveness during page load.<br /><br />The low frequency interrupt mode interrupts the parser less frequently to allow for quicker page load. The application enters high frequency interrupt mode when you move the mouse or type on the keyboard and switch back to low frequency mode when you had no activity for a certain amount of time. This preference controls that amount of time. Right-click (Apple users ctrl+click) anywhere in the about:config window and select <span style="font-weight: bold;">New</span> and then <span style="font-weight: bold;">Integer</span> from the pop-up menu.<br /><img src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5s6NlSI/AAAAAAAAAeA/ZE89kPhmLUM/09.jpg" alt="steps in speeding firefox" title="Integer" /><br /><br />A. Enter <span style="font-weight: bold;">content.switch.threshold</span> in the New <span style="font-weight: bold;">integer</span> value pop-up window and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9QwyHUQxI/AAAAAAAAAfA/JL9QZuoma9o/s1600-h/22.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 326px; height: 150px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9QwyHUQxI/AAAAAAAAAfA/JL9QZuoma9o/s400/22.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291536886200025874" border="0" /></a><br /><br />B. You will be prompted to enter a value. Enter <span style="font-weight: bold;">750000</span> and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9QxHnkCaI/AAAAAAAAAfI/5gORSHvrsCg/s1600-h/23.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 326px; height: 150px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9QxHnkCaI/AAAAAAAAAfI/5gORSHvrsCg/s400/23.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291536891972422050" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br />12. NGLAYOUT INITIALPAINT DELAY<br />Mozilla applications render web pages incrementally, they display what??™s been received of a page before the entire page has been downloaded. Since the start of a web page normally doesn't have much useful information to display, Mozilla applications will wait a short interval before first rendering a page. This preference controls that interval. Right-click (Apple users ctrl+click) anywhere in the about:config window and select <span style="font-weight: bold;">New</span> and then <span style="font-weight: bold;">Integer</span> from the pop-up menu.<br /><img src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9N5s6NlSI/AAAAAAAAAeA/ZE89kPhmLUM/09.jpg" alt="steps in speeding firefox" title="Integer" /><br /><br />A. Enter <span style="font-weight: bold;">nglayout.initialpaint.delay</span> in the New <span style="font-weight: bold;">integer</span> value pop-up window and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9QxKWRSwI/AAAAAAAAAfQ/b_qaiRJOX8A/s1600-h/25.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 326px; height: 150px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9QxKWRSwI/AAAAAAAAAfQ/b_qaiRJOX8A/s400/25.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291536892705196802" border="0" /></a><br /><br />B. You will be prompted to enter a value. Enter <span style="font-weight: bold;">0</span> and click <span style="font-weight: bold;">OK</span>.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9S6_sxpiI/AAAAAAAAAfY/FHKGqg9sHAY/s1600-h/26.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 326px; height: 150px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/__NTTW5WAxN0/SW9S6_sxpiI/AAAAAAAAAfY/FHKGqg9sHAY/s400/26.jpg" alt="steps in speeding up firefox" title="Fireup Fireup" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5291539260668749346" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br />That's it! Now restart Firefox and your browsing as well as downloading speed will be much more faster. Good luck.<img class="emoticon" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/67.gif" alt="peace" title="peace" /></span><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-56977879841503028362009-05-05T23:29:00.000-07:002009-05-06T23:20:59.120-07:00HowTo Increase Firefox Page Transfer Speed Up<div>Your webmaster search is: <span>why</span> <span>firefox</span> <span>users</span> <span>increasing</span> <span></span> </div> <p>In this brief tutorial, learn how to easily make <span class="hl4"></span><span class="hl1">Firefox</span><span class="hl4"></span> load pages up to 40%<span class="hl4"></span> faster <span class="hl4"></span>! <span class="hl4"></span></p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><span class="hl1">Firefox</span><span class="hl4"></span>, when tweaked in this manner,<span class="hl4"></span> will render faster than Opera.<span class="hl4"></span> </p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>Type</strong><span class="hl4"></span> <span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(155, 3, 0);">about:config</span><span class="hl4"></span> on the <span class="hl4"></span><span class="hl1">Firefox</span><span class="hl4"></span> address bar and hit Enter.<span class="hl4"></span></p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p>This will display an alphabetical listing of preferences by name,<span class="hl4"></span> as well as a search bar at the top.<span class="hl4"></span> </p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p><span class="hl4"></span><img class="centered" src="http://www.mostlysavingmoney.com/wp-content/files/aboutconfig-addressbar.png" title="aboutconfig addressbar image" alt="aboutconfig addressbar How To Increase Firefox Page Transfer Speed Up To 40 Percent" /><span class="hl4"></span></p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p><span class="hl4"></span><strong>Type</strong><span class="hl4"></span> <span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(155, 3, 0);">network.http.pipe</span><span class="hl4"></span> on the Filter search bar.<span class="hl4"></span></p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p><span class="hl4"></span><img class="centered" src="http://www.mostlysavingmoney.com/wp-content/files/firefox_preference_filter.png" title="firefox preference filter image" alt="firefox preference filter How To Increase Firefox Page Transfer Speed Up To 40 Percent" /><span class="hl4"></span></p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p>A narrowed down list will appear showing preferences <span class="hl4"></span><strong>network.http.pipelining</strong><span class="hl4"></span> and <span class="hl4"></span><strong>network.http.pipelining.maxrequests</strong><span class="hl4"></span> and their current values.<span class="hl4"></span> </p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p><span class="hl4"></span><strong>Double-click</strong><span class="hl4"></span> on the <span class="hl4"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(155, 3, 0);">network.http.pipelining</span><span class="hl4"></span> string to change its value to <span class="hl4"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(155, 3, 0);">true</span><span class="hl4"></span> if not already.<span class="hl4"></span> [see notes 1 <span class="hl4"></span>&amp;<span class="hl4"></span> 2]<span class="hl4"></span></p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p><span class="hl4"></span><strong>Double-click</strong><span class="hl4"></span> on the <span class="hl4"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(155, 3, 0);">network.http.pipelining.maxrequests</span><span class="hl4"></span> string and change the current value in the Enter interger value box to <span class="hl4"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(155, 3, 0);">34</span><span class="hl4"></span> and click ok.<span class="hl4"></span> [see note 3]<span class="hl4"></span></p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p>To enable the turbo feature in <span class="hl4"></span><span class="hl1">Firefox</span><span class="hl4"></span> you will need to manually create a preference.<span class="hl4"></span></p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p><span class="hl4"></span><strong>Right-click</strong><span class="hl4"></span> anywhere on the page and select <span class="hl4"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(155, 3, 0);">New</span><span class="hl4"></span> and then <span class="hl4"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(155, 3, 0);">Boolean</span><span class="hl4"></span>. <span class="hl4"></span></p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p><span class="hl4"></span><img class="centered" src="http://www.mostlysavingmoney.com/wp-content/files/new-boolean.jpg" title="new boolean image" alt="new boolean How To Increase Firefox Page Transfer Speed Up To 40 Percent" /><span class="hl4"></span></p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p><span class="hl4"></span><strong>Enter</strong><span class="hl4"></span> <span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(155, 3, 0);">browser.turbo.enabled</span><span class="hl4"></span> as the preference name in the New boolean value box and click ok,<span class="hl4"></span> and then set the value in the Enter Boolean value box to <span class="hl4"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(155, 3, 0);">true</span><span class="hl4"></span>.</p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p>That's it, now simply close and restart <span class="hl1">Firefox</span>, and you should see an immediate 10% to 40% increase in web page transfer speed, and faster opening of your tabbed windows !</p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p>note 1:<span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span><br />The Boolean preference <span class="hl4"></span><strong>network.http.pipelining <span class="hl4"></span></strong>enables an <span class="hl4"></span><strong>experimental acceleration technique <span class="hl4"></span></strong>called <span class="hl4"></span><strong>pipelining</strong><span class="hl4"></span>, which speeds up the loading of most Web pages.<span class="hl4"></span> A browser normally waits for some acknowledgment of a given request from a server before attempting to send another one to that server;<span class="hl4"></span> pipelining sends multiple requests at once without waiting for responses one at a time.<span class="hl4"></span></p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p><p>note 2:<span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span><br />If you use a proxy,<span class="hl4"></span> set <span class="hl4"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(155, 3, 0);">network.http.proxy.pipelining</span><span class="hl4"></span> to <span class="hl4"></span><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(155, 3, 0);">true</span><span class="hl4"></span> as well.<span class="hl4"></span> </p> <p><span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span> </p>note 3:<span class="hl4"></span><br /><span class="hl4"></span><br />The integer preference <span class="hl4"></span><strong>network.http.pipelining.maxrequests <span class="hl4"></span></strong>controls the maximum number of requests that can be pipelined at once.<span class="hl4"></span> There's not much evidence that going above 34 will help.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-8191820787381987572009-05-05T23:01:00.000-07:002009-05-06T23:23:38.561-07:00Resources for Learning Howto Customize Your Browser<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgEpVQJpMpI/AAAAAAAAAow/uX6i1i7xKhE/s1600-h/browsers.png"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 164px; height: 126px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_RSxkJmpruJ0/SgEpVQJpMpI/AAAAAAAAAow/uX6i1i7xKhE/s320/browsers.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5332588878872785554" border="0" /></a>No matter which browser you prefer, there’s a plethora of ways to customize the way you surf the Web. There are countless plugins, extensions, toolbars and more. Some of these are easy to install while others require a little more effort. <p>We’ve put together a list of some of the best instructional resources for the most popular browsers today, including Microsoft Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, Opera and even the still wet behind the ears rookie, Google Chrome<a href="http://www.blippr.com/apps/337389-Google-Chrome" target="_blank" rel="http://www.blippr.com/apps/337389-Google-Chrome.whtml" class="blippr-inline-smiley blippr-inline-smiley-05"><span> (</span><img class="wp-smiley" src="http://static1.blippr.com/images/inline-face_05.png?1237798206" alt="Google Chrome reviews" /><span>)</span></a>.</p> <p><span id="more-38644"></span></p> <h2><a href="http://www.microsoft.com/windows/downloads/ie/getitnow.mspx" target="_blank">Internet Explorer</a><a href="http://www.blippr.com/apps/336748-Internet-Explorer" target="_blank" rel="http://www.blippr.com/apps/336748-Internet-Explorer.whtml" class="blippr-inline-smiley blippr-inline-smiley-01"><span> (</span><img class="wp-smiley" src="http://static1.blippr.com/images/inline-face_01.png?1237798206" alt="Internet Explorer reviews" /><span>)</span></a></h2> <p><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-38791" src="http://ec.mashable.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/ietoolbar.jpg" alt="" /></p> <p><a href="http://www.mvps.org/winhelp2002/ietips.htm" target="_blank">ie Tips</a> - Shares a ton of quick tips for customizing Internet Explorer.</p> <p><a href="http://windowshelp.microsoft.com/Windows/en-US/Help/325ee5a0-0fd5-4661-9c02-a6ed5be7de9e1033.mspx" target="_blank">Official Browser Settings</a> - Overview provides plenty of useful information on all of the settings for IE that most users never touch. Learn what they do and perhaps fix some problems you’ve been experiencing.</p> <p><a href="http://blogs.msdn.com/ie/archive/tags/Tips+and+Tricks/default.aspx" target="_blank">Official IE Developers Blog</a> - Shares new tips and tricks all the time on their official blog for Internet Explorer.</p> <p><a href="http://www.microsoft.com/windows/ie/community/columns/ie7_toolbar.mspx" target="_blank">Internet Explorer Toolbar</a> - Tutorial covers what you need to know about IE’s toolbar.</p> <p><a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/top-11-must-have-internet-explorer-addons/" target="_blank">Top 11 ie Add-ons</a> - Covers a list of cool tools you can add to the IE experience.</p> <h2><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;ct=res&amp;cd=1&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mozilla.com%2Ffirefox%2F&amp;ei=FLrsSMLnJ4eWef3Hhc8L&amp;usg=AFQjCNHoYRseCQLFpRIP5mARYRNsMpS-qw&amp;sig2=TF8Nmp-VJSChMaUAA8fG8A" target="_blank">Firefox</a><a href="http://www.blippr.com/apps/336679-Firefox" target="_blank" rel="http://www.blippr.com/apps/336679-Firefox.whtml" class="blippr-inline-smiley blippr-inline-smiley-07"><span> (</span><img class="wp-smiley" src="http://static1.blippr.com/images/inline-face_07.png?1237798206" alt="Firefox reviews" /><span>)</span></a></h2> <p><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-38703" src="http://ec.mashable.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/firefox-greasemonkey-uninstall-exte.png" alt="" /></p> <p><a href="http://customize.org/firefox" target="_blank">Customize Firefox themes</a> - Provides a large collection of new themes for changing your Firefox look and feel.</p> <p><a href="http://www.mozilla.org/unix/customizing.html" target="_blank">Mozilla’s Official Way to Customize Firefox</a> - shows undocumented features and ways to customize their browser.</p> <p><a href="http://internetducttape.com/2008/03/27/greasemonkey-scripts-friend-feed-twitter-client-and-remove-visited-links/#greasemonkey" target="_blank">How to Use GreaseMonkey</a> - A must-read if you truly want to take your browsing to the next level.</p> <p><a href="http://internetducttape.com/2007/08/23/howto-install-firefox-extensions-screenshots/" target="_blank">Office Firefox Add-on Library</a> - Contains an amazing amount of add-ons that you can install with a simple click.</p> <p><a href="http://mashable.com/2008/06/26/firefox-3-extensions/" target="_blank">Mashable’s List of 30+ Firefox Extensions</a> - Extensions that enhance your browsing experience.</p> <h2><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;ct=res&amp;cd=1&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.apple.com%2Fsafari%2F&amp;ei=A7rsSMyXC4bieoalzMIL&amp;usg=AFQjCNHlre1kjgRXXmApwPECfQnWvqMFAA&amp;sig2=6UmpIC2JIK3yA1XU2PNQkA" target="_blank">Safari</a><a href="http://www.blippr.com/apps/336952-Safari" target="_blank" rel="http://www.blippr.com/apps/336952-Safari.whtml" class="blippr-inline-smiley blippr-inline-smiley-05"><span> (</span><img class="wp-smiley" src="http://static1.blippr.com/images/inline-face_05.png?1237798206" alt="Safari reviews" /><span>)</span></a></h2> <p><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-38796" src="http://ec.mashable.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/safari.jpg" alt="" /></p> <p><a href="http://gilesbowkett.blogspot.com/2007/11/how-to-customize-safari-beyond-all.html" target="_blank">How to Customize Safari Beyond All Reason</a> - Offers up a bunch of solutions to common annoyances with Safari as well as other cool tips. Funny title too.</p> <p><a href="http://macosx.com/topics/customize-safari-toolbar.html" target="_blank">How to customize the Safari Toolbar</a> - Covers everything you need to know about the toolbar.</p> <p><a href="http://www.mactips.org/archives/2008/04/02/customizing-safari-with-safaristand/" target="_blank">SafariStand</a> - Adds dozens of extra features to the Safari browser.</p> <p><a href="http://www.ehow.com/how_2033307_customize-safari-browser.html" target="_blank">eHow’s How to Customize Safari</a> covers the basics of Safari preferences here.</p> <p><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;ct=res&amp;cd=11&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Djde2iDpxqDg&amp;ei=ZMvsSIa0BIWwebWp1MIL&amp;usg=AFQjCNHW8frmG0Va6Hy3Ors6wXneMhxPxA&amp;sig2=MzOIoalCxDJnOTWSHdG6jQ" target="_blank">YouTube video</a> - Shows you how to customize the Safari Toolbar.</p> <h2><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;ct=res&amp;cd=1&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.opera.com%2F&amp;ei=47nsSMmQKYjkeuXEsNIL&amp;usg=AFQjCNGxN8XXYIZ2mq1WZD8EnnkPBOJBpg&amp;sig2=_yfZ3D420X0xhulN6Q7R-Q" target="_blank">Opera</a><a href="http://www.blippr.com/apps/337084-Opera" target="_blank" rel="http://www.blippr.com/apps/337084-Opera.whtml" class="blippr-inline-smiley blippr-inline-smiley-05"><span> (</span><img class="wp-smiley" src="http://static1.blippr.com/images/inline-face_05.png?1237798206" alt="Opera reviews" /><span>)</span></a></h2> <p><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-38797" src="http://ec.mashable.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/opera.jpg" alt="" /></p> <p><a href="http://www.operamini.com/help/faq/#install" target="_self">Opera Mini</a> - How to install and configure Opera Mini for your mobile device</p> <p><a href="http://www.opera.com/support/tutorials/opera/custom/" target="_blank">Official Opera Tutorials</a> - Tutorials on how to customize the Opera browser.</p> <p><a href="http://news.softpedia.com/news/How-to-Customize-Opera-Widgets-75004.shtml" target="_blank">Opera Widgets</a> - Shows the best ways to customize Opera Widgets.</p> <p><a href="http://www.pallab.net/2006/04/12/extending-opera-the-ultimate-guide-to-customizing-opera/" target="_blank">Extending Opera</a> - Demonstrates several ways to get the most out of Opera.</p> <p><a href="http://www.freeemailtutorials.com/operaM2/operaMailInterface.cwd" target="_blank">Opera Mail Tutorial</a> - A nice visual tutorial on the Opera Mail system.</p> <h2><a href="http://www.google.com/chrome" target="_blank">Chrome</a><a href="http://www.blippr.com/apps/336751-Chrome" target="_blank" rel="http://www.blippr.com/apps/336751-Chrome.whtml" class="blippr-inline-smiley blippr-inline-smiley-05"><span> (</span><img class="wp-smiley" src="http://static1.blippr.com/images/inline-face_05.png?1237798206" alt="Chrome reviews" /><span>)</span></a></h2> <p><a href="http://ec.mashable.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/chrometheme.jpg"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-38798" src="http://ec.mashable.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/chrometheme.jpg" alt="" width="400" height="240" /></a></p> <p><a href="http://www.googlechromeboard.com/" target="_blank">Google Chrome Forums</a> - Has a tremendous amount of ways to trick out your Chrome browser</p> <p><a href="http://blogs.tech-recipes.com/shamanstears/2008/09/09/customizing-google-chrome/" target="_blank">Digital Streets</a> - Shares some cool tips for customizing your Chrome experience.</p> <p><a href="http://www.chromeplugins.org/tips-tricks/custom-search-engines-in-google-chrome/" target="_blank">Custom Search Engines</a> - Covers how to change the search engines in Chrome</p> <p><a href="http://www.daniweb.com/forums/thread144245.html">Customized Chrome Themes</a> - Gives you ideas on how to change Chrome’s skin.</p> <p><a href="http://mashable.com/2008/09/09/chrome-is-getting-more-attractive-all-the-time/" target="_blank">GreaseMetal</a> - The Chrome equivalent to Firefox’s popular GreaseMonkey.</p> <p><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-38800" src="http://ec.mashable.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/browsertool.jpg" alt="" /></p> <p>Whether it’s just to save time or make your browser more visually appealing, there’s an amazing amount of options for any browser that you choose to use. What are some of your favorite ways to trick out your browser? Are there any unusual things you do that others might like to try? Share your secrets in the comments area.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-31844204786238758822009-05-05T22:34:00.000-07:002009-05-06T23:25:46.884-07:00Coolest Opera Tips & Tricks<p>As we know, <a href="http://opera.com/">Opera</a> is an extremely customizable browser, but it does so much that it can be difficult to remember it all. Then again you would have to know what it does in order to remember it. </p> <p>Today we want to walk you through a dozen tips and tricks that will inch you closer to becoming an Opera grand master. So lets go ahead and jump into it, and as always, hit us up with your tips in the comments!</p> <h3><strong>–Bookmark &amp; Folder Nicknames–</strong></h3> <p>Opera has a nickname feature for bookmarks that I’m guessing most people use. With it you can enter in an abbreviation for a bookmark that can quickly be typed into the address bar to pull up a particular site. One thing that you may not have realized is that the nicknames can also be assigned to entire folders of bookmarks, and entering that into the address bar will open every site within that folder:</p> <p align="center"><br /></p> <p><span id="more-7530"></span></p> <h3><strong>–Bookmark &amp; Open Multiple Links–</strong></h3> <p>Let’s say you’re on a sight such as Digg, and you’re trying to quickly go through all of the news. Enter Links Panel! The Links Panel (a.k.a. sidebar) will let you handle hyperlinks throughout the page in bulk. You can Ctrl+Click or Shift+Click to select multiple links from the current page. Then just choose the bookmark or open the option from the right-click menu.</p> <p align="center"><br /></p> <h3><strong>–Click to Save Images–</strong></h3> <p>Do you find yourself frequently saving images from websites? Instead of right-clicking on an image to save it each time, just Ctrl+Click on it. You’ll immediately be prompted with a Save As dialog box for you to enter in the name, or you can just press Enter to use the image’s current name. </p> <p>[via <a href="http://operawatch.com/news/2007/09/opera-tip-ctrlclick-to-save-an-image.html">Opera Watch</a>]</p> <h3><strong>–Customize the Browser’s Name and Icon–</strong></h3> <p>Did you know that you change the name of the browser, and even replace its icon with your own? Yep, that’s all built-in. To change the icon you’ll need to enter <a href="opera:config#UserPrefs%7CApplicationIcon">opera:config#UserPrefs|ApplicationIcon</a> into your address bar, and then provide the location of the icon you want to use.</p> <p>To change the browser’s name, just enter <a href="opera:config#UserPrefs%7CTitle">opera:config#UserPrefs|Title</a> into the address bar, and in the box type the name you want to appear. Additionally, you can use these combinations to insert dynamic items:</p> <ul><li><strong>%t</strong> for page title (entering just <strong>%t</strong> in the box will remove the browser’s name all together, which is what I currently do)</li><li><strong>%s</strong> for build number</li><li><strong>%v</strong> for version number </li></ul><br /><strong>–Detach/Move a Tab–</strong> <p>Want to open a tab up in a new window? Just drag it onto the title bar of the browser. You can also move tabs between multiple windows simply by dragging and dropping them from one tab bar to another.</p> <h3><strong>–Fast Navigation–</strong></h3> <p>If you’re trying to open several links on a page, you should try using Shift+Arrow keys to move between the hyperlinks on the page. The nice thing is that this doesn’t jump back up to the beginning of the page where the first hyperlink appears. It starts with the first hyperlink in the area that you are looking at.</p> <p>Shift+Ctrl+Enter will then open the currently selected link in a background tab.</p> <h3><strong>–Fit to Width–</strong></h3> <p>When you come across a site that requires horizontal scrolling, why not try and enable the Fit to Width feature (located in the View Menu, or press Ctrl+F11). The site will be adjusted so that no horizontal scrolling is necessary, and for the most part it won’t look all that bad.</p> <p align="center"><br /></p> <h3><strong>–Hide the Menu Bar–</strong></h3> <p>I hardly ever need to use the Menu Bar, and it takes up more room that I’m willing to part with. So what I do is I add a button that will remove the Menu Bar, and at the same time provide all of the menu options in a single condensed drop-down list. Just <a href="opera:/button/Enable%20menu%20bar,,,,Menu%20%7C%20Disable%20menu%20bar,,,,Menu%20+%20Show%20popup%20menu,%20%22Browser%20Menu%20Bar%22">click here</a> to add that button, and for <a href="http://operawiki.info/CustomButtons#menu">more menu buttons</a> visit the Opera Wiki.</p> <p align="center"><br /></p> <h3><strong>–Hide the Tab Bar for a Single Tab–</strong></h3> <p>In Firefox when you only have one tab open, the tab bar is not visible, and there is an option in Opera to do the same thing. Just right-click on the Tab Bar, choose the Customize option, and then check the box that says “<strong>Show only when needed</strong>.” The tab bar will now be hidden anytime only one tab is open.</p> <p align="center"><br /></p> <h3><strong>–Right-Click Address Mapping–</strong></h3> <p>It’s super easy to map any address on a site using your favorite map service. Here’s what you have to do:</p> <ol><li>Open up your favorite map service (ex. Google Maps or Yahoo! Maps).</li><li>Right-click in the service’s search box, and choose the <strong>Create Search</strong> option. Enter in a keyword (it’s required by Opera, but isn’t used in this trick), and then press Save.</li><li>The next time you see an address on a site just highlight it with your mouse, right-click, and then go to “<strong>Search with</strong>.” You’ll see a list of all the possible search engines that you’ve added to Opera, and all you have to do is select the mapping service.</li></ol> <p align="center"><br /></p> <h3><strong>–Promptless Downloading–</strong></h3> <p>If you’re like me you probably save all of your downloads to the same folder so that you don’t end up with things scattered all over your computer. In Opera you can set your default download location in the Options, and then when you right-click on a file or image, there will be a “Save to download folder” option. Clicking on that will initiate the download without prompting you for <em>any</em> information.</p> <p align="center"><br /></p> <h3><strong>–Speed Dial Homepage Button–</strong></h3> <p>This is something that I was yearning for, and luckily the <a href="http://my.opera.com/community/forums/topic.dml?id=201855">Opera Community came through</a>. For reasons unknown to me, the Opera developers never associated an address to the <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Speed Dial</span> page. That meant you couldn’t assign it as your browser’s homepage, but dragging <a href="opera:/button/Close%20page,,,%22Speed%20Dial%22,Go%20to%20homepage%20&amp;%20New%20page,,,,Go%20to%20homepage">this button</a> onto the address bar will do the trick. It will take on the look of the homepage button, but it will actually open the Speed Dial page.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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<p><span style="font-size:0;">
</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-81496573263037562352009-05-04T22:35:00.000-07:002009-05-06T23:28:02.523-07:00How to increase boot speed and overall performance?<span style="" lang="EN-GB">Add more RAM to your system. If you are using PCLinuxOS 2007 or 2008, it’s suggested that you should use more than 512 MB RAM. Configure your system to use more RAM and less or no swap.<o:p></o:p></span><ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Check your hardware if your system have right kind of drivers installed. For example, if you have Intel GMA 965 graphics card and your system boots to a vesa driver the you will have disappointing graphics performance.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Customize runlevels as per your computing needs. If you are using internet via cable and always booting to a multiuser graphical environment then you should disable all the runlevels except 0, 5 and 6 (as per pclinuxos settings).<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Remove unnecessary gettys if you are not using them anymore. Home user generally don’t need any kind getty.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Change the bios settings to boot directly from HDD because modern bios are set to choose usb devices and optical drives to seek for boot information. If you have installed PCLinuxOS on your HDD you should disable usb and cd/dvd boot seeking options in BIOS.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Remove unnecessary services. As for myself I have disabled ntp, portmap, partmon, at, anacron, netfs, kheader, cups, sane and many more…<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Remove unnecessary icon sets, themes and desktop environment extra packages.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Disable system startup checking<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Use light weight programs. If rxvt does your purpose there no need to use console and if abiword is sufficient for your needs you should remove OO.o.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Use initng for system booting, it is more advanced and faster than the traditional SysVinit.<o:p></o:p></span></li></ul> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">How to improve video playback quality?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Some people have problems playing videos and are getting washed out colors with too much brightness. They modify the driver preferences for the X11 server to get better quality with Kaffeine and Mplayer.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">For Mplayer, to to Preferences, Video and choose the X11 (Ximage/Shm) drivers.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">For Kaffeine player go to Settings, Xine Engine Settings and choose the opengl drivers.<o:p></o:p></span></li></ul> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">How to configure Kaffeine and Amarok to play real player and Win32codec audio?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Kaffeine and Amarok are installed in your PCLinuxOS are installed by default. You need win32codecs package to be used by Kaffeine and Amarok to play realmedia and windows media audio. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">1) Install win32codecs through Synaptic Package Manager.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">2) Kaffeine steps<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>a) start Kaffeine<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>b) click menu->settings->xine Engine Parameters<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>c) choose decoder options<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>d) change /usr/lib/real/ to /usr/lib/win32/<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>e) change /usr/lib/codecs to /usr/lib/win32<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">3) Amarok steps. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>a) Make sure Amarok is closed <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>b)Open with your preferred text editor the Amarok “xine-config” file located in “~/.kde/share/apps/amarok/”.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>This can be done by issuing the following run command (click ALT+F2 to bring the run command dialog)<span style=""> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>kwrite ~/.kde/share/apps/amarok/xine-config<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">* The “xine-config” file has many entries, but we are only interested in changing two values, path to RealPlayer codecs and path to Win32 codecs.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>c) Change #decoder.external.real_codecs_path:/usr/lib/real/ to decoder.external.real_codecs_path:/usr/lib/win32/<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>* If the value for #decoder.external.real_codecs_path is empty also change it to decoder.external.real_codecs_path:/usr/lib/win32/ <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>d) Change #decoder.external.win32_codecs_path:/usr/lib/codecs to decoder.external.win32_codecs_path:/usr/lib/win32<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>e) Make sure your removed the '#' at the beginning of both modified lines. Otherwise, Amarok will use the default values instead of the new values.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><span style=""> </span>f) Save the file and close kwrite.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">4) Enjoy listening to and watching real media and QuickTime in your players Smiley <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">By default Amarok does not play some files with the .ram extension. Rename files with .ram extensions to .rm, after that Amarok will play them. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">How to join video files?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Mencoder offers you easy command line options to join video files as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">mencoder -oac copy -ovc copy file1 file2 file3 … -o final_movie.xxx<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">You can also use cat to join multiple files in a crude way as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">cat movie.avi.001 movie.avi.002 > movie.avi<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">How to access ext2 and ext3 filesystem within windows?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Install any one of the two apps in your windows to access ext2 and ext3 partitions:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Explore2fs: http://www.chrysocome.net/explore2fs<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">DiskInternals Linux Reader: http://www.diskinternals.com/linux-reader<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">How to speed up Openoffice?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Start Open Office and click on Tools > Options. This should open the configuration. Click on Memory in the left menu and change the following settings:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">* Number of Steps: 30<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">* Use for Open Office: 128<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">* Memory per Object: 20<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">* Number of Objects: 20<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Click on Java in the left menu afterwards and uncheck "Use a Java Runtime Environment". Click OK and restart Open Office to see how fast it is now.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">How to cool hot laptops/desktops?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">Cpufreq is a good tool for Linux. It clocks down the processor when the computer does not need power and clocks up when it needs power.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">1. Go to synaptics<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">2. Search for cpufreq<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">3. If cpfreq is not installed, install it.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">4. Go to <st1:place st="on"><st1:placename st="on">Control</st1:placename> <st1:placetype st="on">Center</st1:placetype></st1:place>, find cpufreq and mark “On boot”<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style=""><span style="" lang="EN-GB">How to improve downloading on Firefox?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <span style="" lang="EN-GB">Flashgot is a very good firefox extension that quite skilfully handles downloads. Integrate it with kget and enjoy fast downloading.</span><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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<p><span style="font-size:0;">
</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-38017201794540865822009-05-04T22:22:00.000-07:002009-05-06T23:38:41.592-07:00Set up a LAN gateway with DHCP, Dynamic DNS and iptables on Debian Etch<p><strong>Linux</strong> is a perfect platform to act as a router/gateway.</p> <p>In this tutorial, I will explain how to set up a Linux box to operate as a network router. The box will provide the following services:</p> <ul><li>DHCP server to provide the ip addresses to the machines in the LAN</li><li>DNS server to resolve domain names</li><li>Gateway with IP tables to give access to the Internet.</li><li>Firewall with IP tables.</li></ul> <p>The resulting machine will have quite a small footprint: about 600M, and except if your network is intensively used, a low spec computer can be recycled to do the job.</p> <p>As the machine is going to operate as a router/firewall</p> <p>This tutorial is based on a Debian Etch 4.0 r3 minimal network install, i.e that during the install, at the "Software selection" step, I unselected everything.</p> <p>The box has 2 network interfaces:</p> <ul><li>eth0: ip 192.168.1.9 which is connected to internet (not directly though, but it is the box that is routing the traffic toward internet for this LAN)</li><li>eth1: ip 192.168.2.1, this is the interface connected to our LAN and that will forward the traffic to and from internet.</li></ul> <p>Also, we are going to manage the domain name lan.debuntu.local, so each machine will be able to communicate with each others by using their hostname.</p> So first let's get started with the set up of <strong>bind9<br /></strong><h2>1. DNS server</h2> <p>As a DNS server we are going to use <strong>bind9</strong>, it will be configured to resolve the names of the host for our network <em>lan.debuntu.local</em>.</p> <p>The DNS server will also accept dynamic DNS update from the local DHCP server.</p> <p>In this tutorial, I will be using the <strong>Dynamic DNS</strong> feature of bind.</p> <h3>1.1. Installing the DNS server</h3> <p class="warning">Make sure you are installing bind9 as older version of bind do not not support dynamic dns updates.</p> <p class="shell"># apt-get install bind9</p> <h3>1.2. Configuring the DNS server</h3> <p>In order to keep the default install files clean, we are going to only edit <em>/etc/bind/named.conf.local</em> . In this file we are going to allow dns updates from local host using "rndc-key" (which is installed by default with bind9 package)</p> <p>We are also going to define 2 zones:</p> <ul><li><em>lan.debuntu.local</em> : our local domain name</li><li><em>2.168.192.in-addr.arpa</em> : our local network ip zone, this will allow us to reverse lookup names.</li></ul> <p>So let's go and edit <em>/etc/bind/named.conf.local</em> and add:</p> <pre class="file">#allow dns updates from localhost with key "rndc-key"<br />include "/etc/bind/rndc.key";<br />controls {<br />inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { "rndc-key"; };<br />};<br /><br />#defines lan.debuntu.local<br />zone "lan.debuntu.local" {<br />type master;<br /> file "db.lan.debuntu.local";<br /> allow-update { key "rndc-key"; };<br />};<br /><br />#defines our local subnet 192.168.2.0/24<br />zone "2.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {<br />type master;<br />notify no;<br />file "db.2.168.192";<br />allow-update { key "rndc-key"; };<br />};<br /></pre><p>Then, we need to create those 2 files : <em>/var/cache/bind/db.lan.debuntu.local</em> and <em>/var/cache/bind/db.2.168.192</em> .</p> <p>The first one will be used to resolve names, while the second one to reverse name lookup.</p> <p><em>/var/cache/bind/db.lan.debuntu.local</em> will look like:</p> <pre class="file">;<br />; Zone file for lan.debuntu.local<br />;<br />; The full zone file<br />;<br />$TTL 3D<br />@ IN SOA ns.lan.debuntu.local. postmaster.lan.debuntu.local. (<br /> 200806281; serial, todays date + todays serial #<br /> 8H ; refresh, seconds<br /> 2H ; retry, seconds<br /> 4W ; expire, seconds<br /> 1D ) ; minimum, seconds<br />;<br /> NS ns ; Inet Address of name server<br /> MX 10 mail ; Primary Mail Exchanger<br />;<br /> A 192.168.2.1 ; IP address<br />;<br />router A 192.168.2.1<br />ns CNAME router<br />dhcp CNAME ns.lan.debuntu.local.<br />* A 192.168.2.1<br /></pre><p>While <em>/var/cache/bind/db.2.168.192</em> will look like:</p> <pre class="file">$TTL 3D<br />@ IN SOA lan.debuntu.local. postmaster.lan.debuntu.local. (<br />200806281 ; serial, todays date + todays serial #<br />8H ; refresh, seconds<br />2H ; retry, seconds<br />4W ; expire, seconds<br />1D ) ; minimum, seconds<br />;<br />@ IN NS ns.lan.debuntu.locl.<br />@ IN PTR lan.debuntu.local.<br /><br />1 IN PTR router.lan.debuntu.local.<br /><br /><br /></pre><h2>2. DHCP server</h2> <p>In order to provide an IP address to the other machines in the network, we need to use a <strong>DHCP server</strong>.<br />This DHCP server will provide the host with all the information needed to connect to any other accessible host. i.e, the IP, netmask, gateway, domain name server.<br />The DHCP server will also update bind with a nt set of hostname and IP when the client is requesting a specific hostname.</p> <h3>2.1. Installing the DHCP server</h3> <p>We are going to install the <strong>dhcp server</strong> packaged under the name of <strong>dhcp3-server</strong>. To install it, simply type:</p> <p class="shell"># apt-get install dhcp3-server</p> <p class="warning">Make sure you are installing dhcp3-server and not dhcp as the latter does not support dynamic dns updates.</p> <h3>2.2. Configuring the DHCP server</h3> <p>The configuration is all in <em>/etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf</em>.</p> <p>In our set up, we want to give IPs in the range <em>192.168.2.0/24</em> and we want to set up our domain name to be <em>lan.debuntu.local</em></p> <p>We are only going to listen for DHCP queries on <em>eth1</em> and thus will need to bind the service for only this specific address. To achieve this, go and edit <em>/etc/default/dhcp3-server</em> and make sure INTERFACES is set as follow:</p> ... ... # On what interfaces should the DHCP server (dhcpd) serve DHCP requests? # Separate multiple interfaces with spaces, e.g. "eth0 eth1". INTERFACES="eth1" <p>Then, go and edit <em>/etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf</em> and make it look as follows:</p> #naming the server # and enabling ddns server-identifier router; authoritative; ddns-update-style interim; include "/etc/bind/rndc.key"; # Use what key in what zone zone lan.debuntu.local. { primary 127.0.0.1; key "rndc-key"; } #Standard DHCP info option domain-name "lan.debuntu.local"; option domain-name-servers ns.lan.debuntu.org; default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; log-facility local7; subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.168.2.5 192.168.2.200; option routers router.lan.debuntu.local; zone 2.168.192.in-addr.arpa. { primary ns.lan.debuntu.local; key "rndc-key"; } zone lan.debuntu.local. { primary ns.lan.debuntu.local; key "rndc-key"; } } <p>Which says that we provide IP addresses on the range 192.168.2.5 to 192.168.2.200, and the traffic for this network will be routed by router.lan.debuntu.local</p> <p>On the top of this, the domain name to be used for dns ueries is <em>lan.debuntu.local</em> and the DNS server is machine <em>ns.lan.debuntu.local</em></p> <p>The host names where defined earlier in the DNS section, dhcp3-server will query his DNS server to find there IP. Only the IP will be sent back to the host clients.</p> <p>Now our <strong>DHCP server</strong> should be ready, it is time to restart it.</p> <p class="shell"> # /etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart </p> <p>Same here, if anything goes wrong, /var/log/messages, /var/log/syslog and /var/log/daemon.log will be your friends.</p> <p>At this stage, you should normally be able to provide IPs to all the host in the network, provide them domain name resolution service and all the host should be able to communicate with each others using hostnames.</p> <p>BUT, except for the gateway, none of the host can connect to the internet. </p><h2>3. Forwarding Internet traffic with IPtables</h2> <p><strong>IPtables</strong> is both used to act as a firewall, but it is also the one passing packets from one network to another.</p> <h3>3.1. Enabling IP forwarding</h3> <p><strong>IP forwarding</strong> is enabled at the kernel level. The way to enable it is to set <em>/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward</em> to 1.<br />This can be done during runtime by typing:</p> <p class="shell"># echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward</p> <p>To make those changes permanent upon reboots, edit <em>/etc/sysctl.conf</em> and make sure there is the following values:</p> <pre class="file">net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1<br />net.ipv4.conf.all.forwarding=1<br /></pre><h3>3.2. Setting iptables rules</h3> <p>The next step is to set up iptables rules, the ones that will tell the kernel what to do with the packet depending on their states.</p> <p>This firewall will only accept ssh connection from the WAN, anything from the LAN and will forward port 2222 from the WAN to machine 192.168.2.2 on port 22.</p> <p>Here is the script used:</p> <pre class="file">#!/bin/sh<br />#<br /># this script requires iptables package to be<br /># installed on your machine<br /><br /><br /># Where to find iptables binary<br />IPT="/sbin/iptables"<br /># The network interface you will use<br /># WAN is the one connected to the internet<br /># LAN the one connected to your local network<br />WAN="eth0"<br />LAN="eth1"<br /># First we need to clear up any existing firewall rules<br /># and chain which might have been created<br />$IPT -F<br />$IPT -F INPUT<br />$IPT -F OUTPUT<br />$IPT -F FORWARD<br />$IPT -F -t mangle<br />$IPT -F -t nat<br />$IPT -X<br /><br /># Default policies: Drop any incoming packets<br /># accept the rest.<br />$IPT -P INPUT DROP<br />$IPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT<br />$IPT -P FORWARD ACCEPT<br /><br /># To be able to forward traffic from your LAN<br /># to the Internet, we need to tell the kernel<br /># to allow ip forwarding<br />echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward<br /><br /># Masquerading will make machines from the LAN<br /># look like if they were the router<br />$IPT -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $WAN -j MASQUERADE<br /><br /><br />$IPT -t nat -A PREROUTING -i $WAN -p tcp --dport 2222 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.2.2:22<br />$IPT -A FORWARD -i $WAN -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT<br /><br /># Do not allow other new or invalid connections to reach your internal network<br />$IPT -A FORWARD -i $WAN -m state --state NEW,INVALID -j DROP<br /><br /># Accept any connections from the local machine<br />$IPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT<br /># plus from your local network<br />$IPT -A INPUT -i $LAN -j ACCEPT<br /><br /># log those packets and inform the sender that the packet was rejected<br />$IPT -N Rejectwall<br />$IPT -A Rejectwall -m limit --limit 10/minute -j LOG --log-prefix "Rejectwall: "<br />$IPT -A Rejectwall -j REJECT<br /># use the following instead if you want to simulate that the host is not reachable<br /># for fun though<br />#$IPT -A Rejectwall -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-unreachable<br /><br />$IPT -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT<br /><br /># Accept ssh connections from the Internet<br />$IPT -A INPUT -i $WAN -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT<br /><br /># or only accept from a certain ip<br />#$IPT -A INPUT -i $WAN -s 125.124.123.122 -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT<br /><br /># Accept related and established connections<br />$IPT -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT<br /><br /># Drop netbios from the outside, no log, just drop<br />$IPT -A INPUT -p udp --sport 137 --dport 137 -j DROP<br /><br /># Finally, anything which was not allowed yet<br /># is going to go through our Rejectwall rule<br />$IPT -A INPUT -j Rejectwall<br /></pre><p>Now, run the script:</p> <p class="shell"># sh iptables.sh</p> <p>All host within the LAN should now be able to access the internet!</p> <p>now we have to make sure that the changes are permanent upon reboot.</p> <h3>3.3. Making iptables rules persistent</h3> <p>I like to be able to easily start and stop iptables using an init.d script. Unfortunately, this is gone from debian packages.</p> <p>Anyhow, here is a script that you can copy to <em>/etc/init.d/iptables</em> :</p> <pre class="file">#!/bin/sh<br /><br />IPTABLES="/sbin/iptables"<br /><br /># load options<br />if [ -f /etc/default/iptables ] ; then<br />. /etc/default/iptables<br />else<br />exit 1<br />fi<br /><br /># Check for daemon presence<br />test -x ${IPTABLES} || exit 0<br /><br /># Get lsb functions<br />. /lib/lsb/init-functions<br />. /etc/default/rcS<br /><br /># Check for saved state<br />if [ x$1 != "xsave" ] &amp;&amp; [ x$1 = "xstart" ] &amp;&amp; ! test -r ${IPTABLES_SAVE}; then<br />log_warning_msg "Skipping iptables configuration..."<br />exit 0<br />fi<br /><br />flush() {<br />if [ -f /proc/net/ip_tables_names ] ; then<br /> for table in `cat /proc/net/ip_tables_names`; do<br /> ${IPTABLES} -F -t $table<br /> ${IPTABLES} -X -t $table<br /> if [ $table = nat ]; then<br /> ${IPTABLES} -t nat -P PREROUTING ACCEPT<br /> ${IPTABLES} -t nat -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT<br /> ${IPTABLES} -t nat -P OUTPUT ACCEPT<br /> elif [ $table = mangle ]; then<br /> ${IPTABLES} -t mangle -P PREROUTING ACCEPT<br /> ${IPTABLES} -t mangle -P INPUT ACCEPT<br /> ${IPTABLES} -t mangle -P FORWARD ACCEPT<br /> ${IPTABLES} -t mangle -P OUTPUT ACCEPT<br /> ${IPTABLES} -t mangle -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT<br /> elif [ $table = filter ]; then<br /> ${IPTABLES} -t filter -P INPUT ACCEPT<br /> ${IPTABLES} -t filter -P FORWARD ACCEPT<br /> ${IPTABLES} -t filter -P OUTPUT ACCEPT<br /> fi<br /> done<br />fi<br />return 0<br />}<br /><br />case "$1" in<br />start)<br />log_begin_msg "Loading iptables settings..."<br />${IPTABLES}-restore ${SAVE_RESTORE_OPTIONS} ${IPTABLES_SAVE}<br />log_end_msg $?<br />;;<br />save)<br />log_begin_msg "Saving iptables settings..."<br />${IPTABLES}-save ${SAVE_RESTORE_OPTIONS} > ${IPTABLES_SAVE}<br />log_end_msg $?<br />;;<br />stop)<br />log_begin_msg "Clearing iptables settings..."<br />flush<br />log_end_msg $?<br />;;<br />restart)<br />$0 stop<br />$0 start<br />;;<br />status)<br />${IPTABLES} -L<br />;;<br />*)<br />log_success_msg "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|status|save}"<br />exit 1<br />esac<br /></pre><p>and another one to <em>/etc/default/iptables</em> :</p> <pre class="file">IPTABLES_SAVE="/etc/iptables-rules"<br />SAVE_RESTORE_OPTIONS="-c"<br /></pre><p>finally, once you are satisfied with your actual rules, save them by typing the following:</p> <p class="shell"># /etc/init.d/iptables save</p> <p>We also need to make sure that the service will be started upon boot up by typing:</p> <p class="shell"># update-rc.d iptables defaults 20</p> <p>And that's it, here we are with a box that provide full access t internet!</p> <h2>4. Troubleshooting</h2> <p>Even though this tutorial is made in such a way that you could just copy and paste, issues may arise.</p> <p>You might find useful to install the packages <strong>dnsutils</strong>, <strong>telnet</strong>, <strong>tcpdump</strong> and <strong>nmap</strong> to get a better idea of what is going on.</p> <p>In /var/log , action is going to be mailly in messages, daemon.log and syslog.</p> <p><br /></p><pre class="file"><br /><br /><br /></pre><p>In zone <em>lan.debuntu.local</em>, we define the standard bind headers and finally, some static hosts in our network: router, ns, dhcp and any other host to point to 192.168.2.1.</p> <p>In zone <em>2.168.192.in-addr.arpa</em>, we define our reverse lookup name for IP 192.168.2.1.</p> <p class="warning">You need to make sure that the directory holding those db files is <strong>writable</strong> as bind will need to create journal files to get DDNS to work.</p> <p>Finally, we just have to restart bind. If there is anything wrong, /var/log/syslog is your best friend, along with goolge :).</p> <p class="shell">/etc/init.d/bind9 restart</p> <p>now that our DNS server is up and running, we need to handle DHCP request.</p><br /><strong><br /></strong><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-26506778618092369202009-05-04T22:19:00.000-07:002009-05-06T23:39:52.381-07:00Remote syslog logging on Debian and Ubuntu<p><strong>syslogd</strong> is the Linux system logging utility that take care of filling up your files in /var/log when it is asked to.</p> <p>On a standard system, logging is only done on the local drive. But syslog can be configured to receive logging from a remote client, or to send logging to a remote syslog server.</p> <p>Some of the use cases could be:</p> <ul><li>A machine which filesystem goes read-only</li><li>Log replication</li></ul> <p>this tutorial will explain how to set up both the server, to receive message from a remote client, and the client to emit messages to a syslogd server.</p> <p>In this tutorial I will consider that you do not have any firewalls interfering with the traffic.<br />The syslogd server will be called <em>etch32</em> and has IP <em>192.168.2.1</em>.<br />The client is called <em>hardy32-1</em>. Its IP do not matter.</p> <p class="tip"><strong>syslogd</strong> is using UDP on port 514</p> <h2>1. Setting up the syslogd server</h2> <p>The distribution used for the server is, as its hostname says, a Debian Etch. But, unless you are not using a debian based distro, the changes will be the same.</p> <p>changes for syslogd are pretty minor. We basically simply have to tell syslogd to listen for remote messages.<br />It is either opened or closed, there is no filtering, so if you need to only accept a subset of machines, IPtables will be your friend.</p> <p>To enable remote logging, go and edit <em>/etc/default/syslogd</em> and make sure <em>SYSLOGD</em> is set to:</p> <p class="dump"> SYSLOGD="-r" </p> <p>then, restart syslogd:</p> <p class="shell"># /etc/init.d/syslogd restart</p> <p>Now, let set a client to send messages to our remote syslogd server.</p> <h2>2. syslogd clients</h2> <p>The action is in <em>/etc/syslog.conf</em>. In this example, I am going to send to both the remote syslogd server and to the filesystem the messages written to /var/log/messages.</p> <p>In Ubuntu, this is the bit of conf that handle that:</p> <p class="dump"> *.=info;*.=notice;*.=warn;\<br />auth,authpriv.none;\<br />cron,daemon.none;\<br />mail,news.none -/var/log/messages </p> <p>The default is to send the messages to /var/log/messages without "synching" after each log messages ("-" in front of the file name.).</p> <p>to specify a remote host, the name or the ip of the remote host as to be given instead of a file, and, prepended with an "@". So, to send the messages writtent to /var/log/messages, our syslog.conf file will look like:</p> <p class="dump"> *.=info;*.=notice;*.=warn;\<br />auth,authpriv.none;\<br />cron,daemon.none;\<br />mail,news.none -/var/log/messages<br />*.=info;*.=notice;*.=warn;\<br />auth,authpriv.none;\<br />cron,daemon.none;\<br />mail,news.none @etch32 </p> <p>to have etch32 receiving messages from hardy32-1.</p> <p>now, we need to make syslog aware of the chances:</p> <p class="shell">$ sudo /etc/init.d/sysklogd restart</p> <h2>3. What happens then</h2> <p>Well, lets take a look at each /var/log/messages after I restarted syslogd on hardy32-1 and I started tcpdump on eth0:</p> <p class="dump"> Jun 30 23:01:59 etch32 dhcpd: added reverse map from 198.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa. to hardy32-1.lan.debuntu.local<br />Jun 30 23:01:59 etch32 dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.2.198 (192.168.2.1) from 00:0c:29:d4:01:57 (hardy32-1) via eth1<br />Jun 30 23:01:59 etch32 dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.2.198 to 00:0c:29:d4:01:57 (hardy32-1) via eth1<br />Jun 30 23:04:15 hardy32-1.lan.debuntu.local syslogd 1.5.0#1ubuntu1: restart.<br />Jun 30 23:05:01 hardy32-1.lan.debuntu.local kernel: [ 6268.923820] device eth0 entered promiscuous mode<br />Jun 30 23:05:01 hardy32-1.lan.debuntu.local kernel: [ 6268.923847] audit(1214863498.177:3): dev=eth0 prom=256 old_prom=0 auid=4294967295<br />Jun 30 23:05:11 hardy32-1.lan.debuntu.local kernel: [ 6278.677844] device eth0 left promiscuous mode<br />Jun 30 23:05:11 hardy32-1.lan.debuntu.local kernel: [ 6278.677869] audit(1214863510.404:4): dev=eth0 prom=0 old_prom=256 auid=4294967295 </p> <p>As you can see, messages from <em>hardy32-1</em> contains the box FQDN: <em>hardy32-1.lan.debuntu.local</em> and we see that eth0 went temporarily in promiscuous mode.</p><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-2006208187207257072009-05-02T11:06:00.000-07:002009-05-06T23:37:47.268-07:00Remote Access to the Ubuntu Linux Desktop<div id="bodyContent"><p>Ubuntu Linux provides remote desktop access. This provides two extremely useful features. Firstly it enables you or another person to view and interact with your desktop environment from another computer system either on the same network or over the internet. This is useful if you need to work on your computer when you are away from your desk while traveling or sitting in a coffee shop. It is also useful in situations where a co-worker or IT support technician needs access to your desktop to resolve a problem. </p><p>Secondly, in addition to providing access to your primary desktop (the one you see when you switch on your monitor every morning) it also enables you to create multiple desktops and connect to them remotely. </p><p>The Ubuntu remote desktop functionality is based on technology called Virtual Network Computing (VNC) and in this chapter we will cover the key aspects of configuring and using remote desktops with Ubuntu Linux. It is important to note that there are both secure and insecure ways to access a remote desktop. Although both approaches will be covered, the secure method is strongly recommended when accessing remote desktops over an internet or other insecure connection.<br /></p><h2><span class="mw-headline">Activating Remote Desktop Access </span></h2> <p>The first step in setting up remote desktop access is to activate it and define some basic security settings. These settings are configured in the Remote Desktop Preferences dialog. To access this dialog, open the desktop <i>System</i> menu, select <i>Preferences</i> and click on <i>Remote Desktop</i>. When selected the following window will appear: </p> <p><br /><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Image:Ubuntu_linux_remote_desktop_preferences2.jpg" class="image" title="Configuring Ubuntu Remote Desktop Access"><img src="http://www.techotopia.com/images/5/5c/Ubuntu_linux_remote_desktop_preferences2.jpg" alt="Configuring Ubuntu Remote Desktop Access" longdesc="/index.php/Image:Ubuntu_linux_remote_desktop_preferences2.jpg" width="498" height="472" /></a> </p><p><br /><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Image:Ubuntu_linux_remote_desktop_preferences2.jpg" class="image" title="Configuring Ubuntu Remote Desktop Access"><img src="http://www.techotopia.com/images/5/5c/Ubuntu_linux_remote_desktop_preferences2.jpg" alt="Configuring Ubuntu Remote Desktop Access" longdesc="/index.php/Image:Ubuntu_linux_remote_desktop_preferences2.jpg" width="498" height="472" /></a> </p><p><br />The <b>Remote Desktop Preferences</b> dialog consists of two panels. The <i>General</i> settings panel is displayed by default and provides the following configuration options: </p> <ul><li> <b>Allow others to view your desktop</b> - Activates remote desktop access for viewing purposes. </li></ul> <ul><li> <b>Allow other users to control your desktop</b> - Allows users accessing your remote desktop to control the desktop. In other words the remote user can do anything to your desktop that they want using their mouse and keyboard as if they were sitting physically at the local system. When this option is disabled, the remote user can see what is happening on the desktop, but is unable to interact with it using the keyboard and mouse. </li></ul> <ul><li> <b>Ask for confirmation</b> - When selected, this option causes a dialog to appear warning you of an attempt by a remote user to connect and prompting you to confirm or deny the connection. If you are likely to want to log in remotely you will need to turn this off since you will not be at the local system to accept your own connection. </li></ul> <ul><li> <b>Require the user to enter this password</b> - Specifies a password which must be entered by the remote user to access your desktop. It is strongly advised that you select this option and specify a password. </li></ul> <p>Finally this screen specifies the command to run on the remote system to access the desktop. </p><p>The <i>Advanced</i> configuration options are accessed by clicking on the <i>Advanced</i> tab. Once selected, the following panel will be displayed in the Remote Desktop Preferences dialog: </p><p><br /><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Image:Ubuntu_advanced_remote_desktop_preferences2.jpg" class="image" title="Configuring the Ubuntu remote desktop advanced settings"><img src="http://www.techotopia.com/images/1/12/Ubuntu_advanced_remote_desktop_preferences2.jpg" alt="Configuring the Ubuntu remote desktop advanced settings" longdesc="/index.php/Image:Ubuntu_advanced_remote_desktop_preferences2.jpg" width="499" height="474" /></a> </p><p><br />Details of the advanced configuration options are as follows: </p> <ul><li> <b>Only allow local connections</b> - Only allows remote desktop connections to be established from the local system. This essentially disables access from remote systems. </li></ul> <ul><li> <b>Use an alternate port</b> - Remote Desktop access requires the use of a TCP/IP port. By default a port will be assigned to the current connection starting at port 5900. If an alternate port is required, select this option and specify the required port. </li></ul> <ul><li> <b>Disable the wallpaper when connected</b> - A key objective of remote desktop access is to minimize the volume of network traffic involved in projecting the desktop to the remote user. If the desktop currently has a wallpaper image defined (in other words the background of the desktop) this will result in a considerable amount of additional network traffic. This option switches the desktop wallpaper to a plain background to reduce bandwidth usage thereby speeding the desktop presentation. </li></ul> <ul><li> <b>Require encryption</b> - As previously mentioned, remote desktop access may be established using both secure and insecure mechanisms. When selected, this option enforces the use of secure, SSH based, connections when accessing the desktop remotely. </li></ul> <ul><li> <b>Lock screen on disconnect</b> - Causes the desktop screen lock to be engaged automatically when the remote desktop connection is disconnected. This ensures that the next user to connect to the desktop will be required to enter a password to gain access. </li></ul> <ul><li> <b>Always display icon</b> - Causes the remote desktop icon to appear in the <i>Notification</i> area of the top status bar when remote desktop access is enabled (even when a remote user is not connected). </li></ul> <ul><li> <b>Only display an icon when there someone is connected</b> - Displays an icon on the <i>Notification</i> area of the top status bar when a user is remotely connected to the desktop. </li></ul> <ul><li> <b>Never display an icon</b> - The <i>Notification</i> icon is never displayed regardless of the current state of the remote desktop system. </li></ul> <p>Once you have configured Remote Desktop access you are ready to try connecting. </p> <a name="Accessing_a_Remote_Ubuntu_Linux_Desktop_using_Vinagre"></a><h2><span class="mw-headline">Accessing a Remote Ubuntu Linux Desktop using Vinagre </span></h2> <p>As mentioned previously there are both secure and insecure methods for accessing a remote desktop. In this section we assume that the desktop is being accessed by a remote system on the same local network where security is not a concern. See the section later in this chapter for establishing a secure connection if you are connecting from a system outside your firewall. </p><p>Connection to the remote desktop may be performed by running either the <i>vncviewer</i> tool, or the newer <i>vinagre</i> on the system from which the remote desktop is to be accessed. On Ubuntu systems, vinagre is installed by default. On other systems, however, it may need to be manually installed. For example to install vinagre on a Fedora system, execute the following command in a terminal window: </p> <pre>su<br />yum install vinagre<br /></pre> <p>To access a remote desktop, open a terminal window and enter the command specified in the Remote Desktop Preferences dialog, for example: </p> <pre>vinagre hostname:0<br /></pre> <p>where <i>hostname</i> is either the hostname or IP address of the remote system. </p><p>If you configured the remote system to prompt to approve a connection a dialog will appear on the remote system. Until the connection is approved the vinagre session will wait. Once approved, or if no approval is required, vinagre will prompt for the password (assuming one was defined): </p><p><br /><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Image:Vinagre_auth.jpg" class="image" title="Vinagre requesting a password to access a remote desktop"><img src="http://www.techotopia.com/images/a/a2/Vinagre_auth.jpg" alt="Vinagre requesting a password to access a remote desktop" longdesc="/index.php/Image:Vinagre_auth.jpg" width="320" height="225" /></a> </p><p><br />Enter the password and vinagre will appear containing the desktop from the remote system. If remote desktop control was enabled you can interact with the desktop as if you were sitting at the remote screen. The following figure illustrates a vinagre session running on a Fedora system attached to a remote desktop running on Ubuntu. Note that only part of the remote desktop is displayed. The entire desktop may be viewed by clicking on the <i>Full Screen</i> toolbar button. </p><p><br /><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Image:Vinagre_attached_ubuntu_desktop.jpg" class="image" title="Vinagre attached to a remote Ubuntu desktop"><img src="http://www.techotopia.com/images/6/69/Vinagre_attached_ubuntu_desktop.jpg" alt="Vinagre attached to a remote Ubuntu desktop" longdesc="/index.php/Image:Vinagre_attached_ubuntu_desktop.jpg" width="775" height="548" /></a> </p> <a name="Attaching_to_a_Remote_Desktop_using_vncviewer"></a><h2><span class="editsection"><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php?title=Remote_Access_to_the_Ubuntu_Linux_Desktop&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Attaching to a Remote Desktop using vncviewer"></a></span><span class="mw-headline">Attaching to a Remote Desktop using vncviewer </span></h2> <p>Vinagre is a relatively new tool and has a number of advantages over the older vncviewer tool (such as the ability to manage concurrent connections to multiple remote desktops). For those who prefer to use a simpler interface, or who use a system for which vinagre is not easily obtainable, vncviewer makes an adequate alternative. </p><p>As with vinagre, vncviewer is not installed by default on many systems. To install vncviewer on Red Hat, CentOS and Fedora systems, execute the following commands in a terminal window: </p> <pre>su<br />yum install vnc<br /></pre> <p>Similarly, to install vncviewer on an Ubuntu system: </p> <pre>sudo apt-get install xvnc4viewer<br /></pre> <p>Once installed, run the command using the following syntax where <i>hostname</i> is the host name or IP address of the remote system and <i>port</i> is the port number assigned for access to the desktop: </p><p><tt>vncviewer hostname:port</tt> </p><p>If the remote desktop was configured to require a password, vncviewer will prompt for this before displaying the desktop: </p><p><br /><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Image:Vncviewer_password.jpg" class="image" title="vncviewer seeking a password to access a remote desktop"><img src="http://www.techotopia.com/images/2/21/Vncviewer_password.jpg" alt="vncviewer seeking a password to access a remote desktop" longdesc="/index.php/Image:Vncviewer_password.jpg" width="332" height="132" /></a> </p><p><br />So far in this chapter we have assumed that the remote desktop was being accessed from a Linux or Unix system. Access is also possible from a Windows system. </p> <a name="Accessing_a_Remote_Ubuntu_Linux_Desktop_from_a_Windows_System"></a><h2><span class="editsection"><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php?title=Remote_Access_to_the_Ubuntu_Linux_Desktop&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Accessing a Remote Ubuntu Linux Desktop from a Windows System"></a></span><span class="mw-headline">Accessing a Remote Ubuntu Linux Desktop from a Windows System </span></h2> <p>In order to access a Linux remote desktop from a Windows system the first step is to install a Windows VNC client on the Windows system. There are a number of VNC packages available for Windows. In this chapter we will look at TightVNC (<a href="http://www.tightvnc.com/" class="external text" title="http://www.tightvnc.com/" rel="nofollow">http://www.tightvnc.com</a>). </p><p>Download and install TightVNC on your Windows system. Once installed, launch the TightVNC Viewer and in the resulting <i>Connection details</i> dialog enter the IP address or hostname of the remote system and press OK. Enter the password if one is required. The screen should load and display the remote desktop, </p><p>You may also enter the port number in the form hostname::5900 (screen 0 in VNC uses port 5900). TightVNC assumes port 5900 if none is specified but when we look at setting up additional desktops later in this chapter we will need to specify port numbers in order to connect. </p> <a name="Establishing_a_Secure_Remote_Desktop_Session"></a><h2><span class="editsection"><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php?title=Remote_Access_to_the_Ubuntu_Linux_Desktop&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Establishing a Secure Remote Desktop Session"></a></span><span class="mw-headline">Establishing a Secure Remote Desktop Session </span></h2> <p>The remote desktop configurations we have explored so far in this chapter are considered to be insecure because no encryption is used. This is acceptable when the remote connection does not extend outside of an internal network protected by a firewall perimeter. When a remote session is required over an internet connection a more secure option is needed. This is achieved by tunneling the remote desktop through a secure shell (SSH) connection. </p><p>Before a secure connection is established the SSH server must be installed on the system to which the connection is to be established. For detailed steps on installing the SSH server on an Ubuntu Linux system see <a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Configuring_Ubuntu_Linux_Remote_Access_using_SSH" title="Configuring Ubuntu Linux Remote Access using SSH">Configuring Ubuntu Linux Remote Access using SSH</a>. </p><p>Once the SSH server is installed and active it is time to move to the other system. At the other system, log in to the remote system using the following command, which will establish the secure tunnel between the two systems: </p> <pre> ssh -L 5900:localhost:5900 hostname<br /></pre> <p>In the above example, <i>hostname</i> is either the host name or IP address of the remote system. Log in using your account and password. The secure connection is now established and it is time to launch vncviewer so that it uses the secure tunnel. Leaving the ssh session running in the other terminal window, launch another terminal and enter the following command to use vncviewer: </p> <pre>vncviewer localhost::5900<br /></pre> <p>Alternatively, to use vinagre: </p> <pre>vinagre localhost:5900<br /></pre> <p>The vncviewer session will prompt for a password if one is required, and then launch the corresponding viewer providing secure access to your desktop environment. </p><p>If you are connecting to the remote desktop from outside the firewall keep in mind that the IP address for the ssh connection will be the external IP address provided by your ISP, not the LAN IP address of the remote system (since this IP address is not visible to those outside the firewall). You will also need to configure your firewall to forward port 22 (for the ssh connection) to the IP address of the system running the desktop. It is not necessary to forward port 5900. Steps to perform port forwarding differ between firewalls, so refer to the documentation for your firewall, router or wireless base station for details specific to your configuration. </p> <a name="Establishing_a_Secure_Remote_Desktop_Session_from_a_Windows_System"></a><h2><span class="editsection"><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php?title=Remote_Access_to_the_Ubuntu_Linux_Desktop&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Establishing a Secure Remote Desktop Session from a Windows System"></a></span><span class="mw-headline">Establishing a Secure Remote Desktop Session from a Windows System </span></h2> <p>A similar approach is taken to establishing a secure desktop session from a Windows system. Assuming that you have a VNC client installed (as described above) the one remaining requirement is a Windows ssh client. A popular ssh client for Windows is (<a href="http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/%7Esgtatham/putty/download.html" class="external text" title="http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html" rel="nofollow">PuTTY</a>). </p><p>Once PuTTY is downloaded and installed the first step is to set up a secure connection between the Windows system and the remote Linux system with appropriate tunneling configured. When launched, PuTTY displays the following screen: </p><p><br /><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Image:Putty_main_screen.jpg" class="image" title="Image:putty_main_screen.jpg"><img src="http://www.techotopia.com/images/6/68/Putty_main_screen.jpg" alt="Image:putty_main_screen.jpg" longdesc="/index.php/Image:Putty_main_screen.jpg" width="456" height="442" /></a> </p><p><br />Enter the IP address or host name of the remote host (or the external IP address of the gateway if you are connecting from outside the firewall). The next step is to set up the tunnel. Click on the + next to SSH in the <i>Category</i> tree on the left hand side of the dialog and click on Tunnels. The screen should appear as follows: </p><p><br /><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Image:Putty_tunnels_screen.jpg" class="image" title="Image:putty_tunnels_screen.jpg"><img src="http://www.techotopia.com/images/d/dd/Putty_tunnels_screen.jpg" alt="Image:putty_tunnels_screen.jpg" longdesc="/index.php/Image:Putty_tunnels_screen.jpg" width="456" height="442" /></a> </p><p><br />Enter 5900 as the <i>Source port</i> and localhost:5900 as the <i>Destination</i> and click on <i>Add</i>. Finally return to the main screen by clicking on the <i>Session</i> category. Enter a name for the session in the <i>Saved Sessions</i> text field and press save. Click on <i>Open</i> to establish the connection. A terminal window will appear with the login prompt from the remote system. Enter your user login and password credentials. </p><p>The SSH connection is now established. Launch the TightVNC viewer and enter localhost::5900 in the <i>VNC Server</i> text field and click on <i>Connect</i>. The viewer will establish the connection, prompt for the password and then display the desktop. You are now accessing the remote desktop of a Linux system on Windows via a secure tunnel. </p> <a name="Creating_Additional_Desktops"></a><h2><span class="editsection"><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php?title=Remote_Access_to_the_Ubuntu_Linux_Desktop&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Creating Additional Desktops"></a></span><span class="mw-headline">Creating Additional Desktops </span></h2> <p>In the examples so far we have only covered remote access to the primary desktop. By primary desktop we mean the desktop you see when you sit at your computer and turn on the monitor. While this is fine for a single user system we should not lose sight of the fact that Linux is a multi-user operating system and it will often be necessary for more than one person to have remote desktop access at a time. While it might be fun to watch everyone fight over the mouse pointer as they share the same desktop it is clear that not much work will get done. The solution to this is to run multiple desktops for the users to connect to. </p><p>New desktop environments are created using the <i>vncserver</i> utility. If vncserver is not already installed, it may be installed from a terminal window as follows: </p> <pre>sudo apt-get install vnc4server<br /></pre> <p>Once the VNC server package is installed, the next step is to assign a password to protect the desktops. This can be achieved using the <i>vncpasswd</i> tool. Run this tool from the command-line prompt in a terminal window and enter the password of your choice. </p><p>The desktop we have used so far in this chapter is desktop <i>:0</i>. New desktops must be assigned different numbers. For example to launch desktop <i>:1</i> run the following command from a terminal window command-line prompt: </p> <pre>vncserver :1<br /></pre> <p>This will start a new desktop in the background ready for a remote user to connect to. To connect to the desktop follow the steps for connecting to desktop <i>:0</i> outlined above but this time use port 5901 instead of port 5900 (you will similarly use port 5902 for desktop :2 and so on). </p><p>When the desktop appears you will notice that it doesn't look much like the standard desktop: </p><p><br /><a href="http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Image:Ubuntu_linux_remote_desktop.jpg" class="image" title="Image:ubuntu_linux_remote_desktop.jpg"><img src="http://www.techotopia.com/images/3/3b/Ubuntu_linux_remote_desktop.jpg" alt="Image:ubuntu_linux_remote_desktop.jpg" longdesc="/index.php/Image:Ubuntu_linux_remote_desktop.jpg" width="800" height="617" /></a> </p><p><br />The problem here is that we need to configure the VNC session to launch the correct desktop. To do this shutdown the VNC desktop session as follows: </p> <pre>vncserver -kill :1<br /></pre> <p>Next go to your home folder and edit the $HOME/.vnc/xstartup file. This will look similar to the following file: </p> <pre>#!/bin/sh<br /><br /># Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:<br /># unset SESSION_MANAGER<br /># exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc<br /><br />[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] &amp;&amp; exec /etc/vnc/xstartup<br />[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] &amp;&amp; xrdb $HOME/.Xresources<br />xsetroot -solid grey<br />vncconfig -iconic &amp;<br />xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &amp;<br />twm &amp;<br /></pre> <p>To configure this startup script to launch the standard desktop (known as the GNOME desktop) change the <i>twm&amp;</i> line so that the file reads: </p> <pre>#!/bin/sh<br /><br /># Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:<br /># unset SESSION_MANAGER<br /># exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc<br /><br />#[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] &amp;&amp; exec /etc/vnc/xstartup<br />#[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] &amp;&amp; xrdb $HOME/.Xresources<br />#xsetroot -solid grey<br />#vncconfig -iconic &amp;<br />#xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &amp;<br /><br />unset SESSION_MANAGER<br />sh /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc<br /></pre> <p>Restart the vncserver: </p> <pre>vncserver :1<br /></pre> <p>Finally, reconnect from the remote system. The full desktop should now appear in the vncviewer or vinagre window. </p></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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</span></p></div>Rakeshnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-399053122415559017.post-59591720543025428052009-05-02T11:02:00.000-07:002009-05-06T23:44:23.051-07:00Enable remote desktop on linux using VNC<h3>Introduction</h3> <p>As an Windows administrator, I always have to work with many Windows servers. Most of the time, I use remote access rather than go to in front of each server. This can be done easily because they’re the same platform. But sometime I also need to access Linux server from Windows XP, too. This can be done by using VNC. By default, VNC is alrealy installed on Redhat so I only need to configure it as VNC server and I have to install VNC Viewer on Windows XP. When enable this service, please keep in my that others can also remote to the server with this protocol, too!. So if your network can’t be trusted, do not enable the vncserver service. But in my case, I have firewall to limit only from my computer and the network is trusted.</p><p>VNC stands for Virtual Network Computing. It is remote support software which allows you to view and fully interact with one computer desktop (the “VNC server”) using a simple program (the “VNC viewer”) on another computer desktop anywhere on the Internet. The two computers don’t even have to be the same type, so for example you can use VNC to view a Windows Vista desktop at the office on a Linux or Mac computer at home. For ultimate simplicity, there is even a Java viewer, so that any desktop can be controlled remotely from within a browser without having to install software.</p> <h3>Step-by-step</h3> <p>In this section, I’ll show how to configure VNC server on Redhat server and using VNC Viewer connect the server remotely from Windows XP.</p> <ol><li>On Redhat server, login with your username that you want to enable remote access. In this example, I will use ‘admin’ user.<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/1.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/1.png" alt="Redhat Gnome's desktop" title="Redhat Gnome's desktop" width="250" height="154" /></a></li><li>Open Terminal, type <em>‘vncpasswd’</em>. Type your password and verify password again. This command will use to set you password for remote access for the current user.<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/2.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_2.png" alt="Set VNC password" title="Set VNC password" width="250" height="102" /></a></li><li>Before next step, you need to logged on as root by type <em>’su root’</em>.<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/3.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_3.png" alt="Log as root using su" title="Log as root using su" width="250" height="111" /></a></li><li>Edit the file /etc/sysconfig/vncservers by type <em>‘ vi /etc/sysconfig/vncservers’</em>.<br /><em><strong>Note:</strong> If you are new to Linux, vi is an editor tool in command line mode on Linux.</em><br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/4.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_4.png" alt="Edit /etc/sysconfig/vncservers" title="Edit /etc/sysconfig/vncservers" width="250" height="13" /></a></li><li>You’ll see text file as in the figure below. Next, I’ll edit on the highlight line.<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/5.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_5.png" alt="/etc/sysconfig/vncservers" title="/etc/sysconfig/vncservers" width="250" height="141" /></a></li><li>Uncomment on the highlight line. If you have more than one usernames that want to enable remote acces, you can change VNCSERVERS value in this format, “1:username1 2:username2 3:username3 ….”. In this example, I have only one user which is root so this line of mine is ‘<em>VNCSERVERS = “1:admin”</em>‘.<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/6.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_6.png" alt="Edit /etc/sysconfig/vncservers" title="Edit /etc/sysconfig/vncservers" width="250" height="136" /></a></li><li>Now save the file and exit. To save file, hold ESC + ‘:’ and type ‘wq’ to write and quit file.<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/7.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_7.png" alt="Write and quit file in vi editor" title="Write and quit file in vi editor" width="250" height="163" /></a></li><li>Next, log off the user if you are not user ‘root’ and log in as root. Enable VNC service by type <em>‘chkconfig vncserver on’</em>. Then, start the VNC service by type <em>’service vncserver start’</em>.<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/8.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_8.png" alt="Set up VNC server as service and start" title="Set up VNC server as service and start" width="250" height="65" /></a></li><li>If you have firewall enable on Redhat, be sure that your firewall configuration won’t block connection from remote computer by open port TCP 5901 for remote access. Open Applications -> System Settings -> Security Level. Add ‘5901:tcp’ on Other ports.<br /><em><strong>Note:</strong></em> VNC uses TCP protocol on port 5901.<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/9.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_9.png" alt="Open TCP port 5901 for remote access" title="Open TCP port 5901 for remote access" width="250" height="299" /></a></li><li>Now you can connect Redhat server from remote computer. On my Windows XP computer, open VNC Viewer on Windows XP, type IP Address of Redhat server with number as a username specify in step 6. In this example, I want to remote to Redhat server as ‘admin’ user which I assign as number 1 in step 6 (1:admin) and my Redhat server is 10.110.141.220. So I type ‘10.110.141.220:1′.<br /><em><strong>Note:</strong></em> You can download VNC Viewer for free at <a href="http://www.realvnc.com/products/free/4.1/winvncviewer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">realvnc.com</a><br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/10.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_10.png" alt="Test connect to Redhat server from remote computer" title="Test connect to Redhat server from remote computer" width="250" height="102" /></a></li><li>Type your password for ‘admin’ user which has been assign in step 2.<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/11.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_11.png" alt="Specify password" title="Specify password" width="250" height="73" /></a></li><li>Now you have connect to Redhat server remotely. But you’ll see that the interface looks different. You have to do a little thing more.<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/12.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_12.png" alt="Remote screen" title="Remote screen" width="250" height="175" /></a></li><li>On Redhat server, open terminal and type <em>‘vi /home/username/.vnc/xstartup’</em>. In this example, I type ‘vi /home/admin/.vnc/xstartup’.<br /><em><strong>Note: </strong></em>If you going to enable remote access for user ‘root’, the file would be at ‘/root/.vnc/xstartup’.<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/13.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_13.png" alt="Edit /home/admin/.vnc/xstartup" title="Edit /home/admin/.vnc/xstartup" width="250" height="49" /></a></li><li>Uncomment these two lines and save the file.<br /><strong><em>Note: </em></strong>If you want to force to load Gnome or KDE Desktop on remote access, edit the last line from ‘twm &amp;’ to ’startx &amp;’ for Gnome and ’startkde &amp;’ for KDE Desktop.<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/14.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_14.png" alt="Edit xstartup" title="Edit xstartup" width="250" height="136" /></a></li><li>Type ’service vncserver restart’ to apply changes.<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/15.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_15.png" alt="Restart VNCServer service" title="Restart VNCServer service" width="250" height="60" /></a></li><li>Reconnect using VNC viewer on remote computer again. Now you will see the desktop as you were log in at the server but now you’re remotely :).<br /><a href="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/16.png" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.linglom.com/images/Linux/vnc/_16.png" alt="Connect to Redhat server remotely" title="Connect to Redhat server remotely" width="250" height="211" /></a></li></ol><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><div class="blogger-post-footer"><span style="font-size:100%;">
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