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Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian 北京周口店猿人遗址

Time:2015-08-16Source:Internet

Profile：Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian 北京周口店猿人遗址

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周口店"北京人"遗址位于北京市西南48公里房山区周口店村的龙骨山。这里地处山区和平原交接处，东南为华北大平原，西北为山地。周口店附近的山地多为石灰岩，在水力作用下，形成许多大小不等的天然洞穴。山上有一东西长约140米的天然洞穴，俗称"猿人洞"。1929年在此洞中首次发现古代人类遗存后被称"周口店第一地点"。
The Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian is located on the Longgu Mountain of Zhoukoudian Village in Fangshan District, 48km in the southwest of Beijing. It is a place wher mountainous region borders upon the plain, with North China Great Plain in the southeast and mountains in the northwest. The mountains around Zhoukoudian are mostly made up of limestone which, under the erosion of dripping water, formed up into caves of various sizes. On the mountains, there is a natural cave about 140m long running from east to west, known as Peking Man Cave. In 1929, it was in this cave that remains of ancient man was for the first time uncovered and the place was named Zhoukoudian First Site.
周口店遗址区是中国华北地区重要的旧石器时代遗址，其中最为著名的是周口店第一地点--即"北京人"遗址。1918年被瑞典地质学家安特生发现并进行试掘。1927年加拿大学者步达生对周口店遗址进行正式发掘，并将周口店发现的三枚人的牙齿正式命名为"中国猿人北京种"。1929年12月2日16时，我国古人类学家裴文中发掘出土了第一颗完整的"北京人"头盖骨，这一发现，震惊了世界学术界。
The Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian is an important site of the Palaeolithic Age in North China, the most well-known being Zhoukoudian First Site -Peking Man Site. It was discovered and tentatively excavated by the Sweden geologist Johan Gunnar Andersson in 1918. In 1927, the Canadian scholar Davidson Black undertook the formal excavation of the Zhoukoudian Site and officially named the three human teeth uncovered in Zhoukoudian "Homo erectus pekinensis". At 16 o'clock on Dec. 2, 1929, Chinese anthropologist Pei Wenzhong uncovered the first skull intact of Pekin Man and this discovery shocked the academic community worldwide.
周口店遗址历经80余年时断时续的发掘，科考工作目前仍在进行中。第一地点现已发掘了40余米，但还不到洞内堆积的一半。在周口店北京人遗址出土的猿人化石、石制品、哺乳动物化石种类数量之多以及用火遗迹之丰富，都是同时代其它遗址所无法相比的。
After about 80 years of on-and-off excavation, the scientific exploration of Zhoukoudian Site is still under way. about 40m have been excavated at the first site, accounting for less than half of the total cave. For all the ape fossils, stoneware, and fossil of mammals unearthed at the Peking Man Site, other sites of the same age are not its match regarding quantity and miscellany of "fire" remains.