The violence occurred when the attackers tried to push through hundreds of police to reach those taking part in the march in Podgorica, the capital of the staunchly conservative Balkan country. After the march, the gay rights demonstrators were evacuated to a safe location in police vehicles.

Police said about 20 of the injured during the clashes were officers, and the remaining 40 were from "hooligan groups."

March organiser Danijel Kalezic said the police protection allowed about 150 gay activists to walk peacefully through the city.

"As of today, gay people are no longer invisible in Montenegro," Mr Kalezic said. "From today, these streets are ours as well."

Such pride marches are seen as a test of Montenegro's commitment to human rights as it seeks to join the European Union. Gay rights opponents attacked a similar march in July in the coastal town of Budva.