1.Stanford Study of 100% RENEWABLES Energy future for USA: Capital cost , such as the cost of building renewable energy power plants, would be more than made up for over time. It would reduce power demand by about 37 percent, since fuel costs would be zero. It would also create manufacturing, installation and technology jobs .50 States | 50 Plans | Interactive139 Countries

The 100% Energy Revolution (2. Greenpeace&3. IEA )Scenarios:Worldwide, By 2050, there will be huge savings in fuel supply costs, especially in transport and industry, with the phase-out of fossil fuels. Because renewable energy has no fuel supply costs, the cost savings amount to $42 trillion or $1.1 trillion/year. So the additional investment costs are covered entirely (107%) by fuel supply cost savings.

Renewable energy accounts for 87% of all energy jobs by 2030;

solar photovoltaic will provide 9.7 million jobs – equal to the number of coal jobs today,

while employment in the wind sector will increase 10-fold from its current (700,000 in 2015) to over 7.8 million – twice as many as the oil- and gas industry combined.

2050

New York State

California

Washington

USA

India

megawatts

Nbr

Megawatts

Nbr

MegaWatts

Nbr

MegaWatts

Nbr

GIGAWatts

Nbr

GIGAWatts

5

wind turbines onshore

4,020

20,100

24,723

127,550

7,550

39,614

261,055

401

73,253

157

5

wind turbines offshore

12,770

63,850

7,808

39,042

2,627

13,136

117,954

227

14,540

29

100

concentrated solar plants

387

38,700

1,226

122,642

1,036

94

1,809

106

50

photovoltaic power plants

828

41,400

2,141

107,473

794

39,736

28,900

313

42,633

464

5-kilowatt

residential rooftop photovoltaic

5 million

25,000

19.1 million

96,126

3,554,018

17,770

98,977,081

104

56,137,819

58

100-kilowatt

commercial/government rooftop photovoltaic systems

500,000

50,000

1.29 million

129,424

255,210

25,521

4,530,833

95

3,870,790

80

100

geothermal plants

36

3600

72

9,188

9.5

951

65

6

2.8

0.25

0.75

wave devices

1,910

1432.5

4,964

3,723

1,284

963

27,875

5

20,359

3.5

1

tidal turbines

2,600

2,600

3,371

3,371

873

873

350 ?

0.086

700

0.17

1,300

hydroelectric power plants, of which most exist

7more

9,100

343 (0 more)

13,630

1.3

22,930

78

51

36

23

Cost

~261,000

652,169

161,494

$9,238,729m

*1,296

$6,835,659m

922

A new study finds that it is technically and economically feasible to power California or New York State by wind, water and sunlight (WWS). The plan, shows the way to a sustainable, almost free energy supply that creates jobs and saves billions of dollars in pollution-related costs.

139 Countries

100% Renewables Solution by 2050 - Wind, Water & Sunlight World Electric Power Generation. All rows add up to 100%.

Country

On- shore wind

Off-shore wind

Wave

Geoth-ermal

Hydro-electric

Tidal

Residential Rooftop PV

Commercial Rooftop PV

Utility PV

Concentrated Solar CSP

Albania

1.50

0.28

2.00

0.00

35.10

0.45

7.54

9.59

43.54

0.00

Algeria

1.25

0.00

0.92

0.00

0.25

0.02

9.33

10.33

62.90

15.00

Angola

8.00

1.70

3.00

0.00

3.64

0.09

36.92

27.57

8.58

10.50

Argentina

30.00

20.00

2.80

1.07

7.27

0.01

8.04

9.22

11.59

10.00

Armenia

18.50

0.00

0.00

0.64

16.96

0.00

5.09

5.46

33.35

20.00

Australia

30.00

6.20

5.00

0.40

4.93

0.14

4.83

5.98

32.53

10.00

Austria

27.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

22.68

0.00

5.12

5.55

39.45

0.20

Azerbaijan

45.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

4.42

0.00

6.91

8.89

27.78

7.00

Bahrain

1.00

8.00

1.25

0.00

0.00

0.19

3.32

5.41

60.83

20.00

Bangladesh

15.00

0.00

0.65

0.00

0.27

0.09

16.55

6.59

55.85

5.00

Belarus

45.00

0.00

0.00

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.77

1.43

51.77

1.00

Belgium

8.00

18.00

0.08

0.00

1.83

0.03

4.56

4.75

62.75

0.00

Benin

29.20

0.30

0.50

0.00

0.02

0.38

11.96

5.81

41.83

10.00

Bolivia

25.00

0.00

0.00

14.98

3.17

0.00

20.12

8.61

23.12

5.00

Bosnia and Herzegovina

10.50

1.20

0.22

0.00

21.86

0.27

6.85

9.43

44.67

5.00

Botswana

30.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

5.53

8.61

40.85

15.00

Brazil

0.85

17.00

0.97

0.00

11.31

0.01

7.40

10.21

42.24

10.00

Brunei Darussalam

5.00

11.50

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

7.00

8.78

57.72

10.00

Bulgaria

7.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

12.23

0.08

1.56

4.40

74.72

0.00

Cambodia

30.00

7.90

2.00

0.00

2.68

0.19

26.02

12.15

14.05

5.00

Cameroon

15.00

1.50

1.00

0.00

5.19

0.18

10.03

5.47

46.63

15.00

Canada

37.50

21.00

2.00

1.91

16.24

0.21

1.46

1.69

17.99

0.00

Chile

25.00

10.00

1.00

3.15

6.67

0.05

5.33

6.92

36.89

5.00

China

16.00

12.90

0.20

0.05

4.33

0.02

3.65

4.52

49.34

9.00

Chinese Taipei

2.00

38.00

0.70

27.14

2.08

0.01

1.48

3.11

25.48

0.00

Colombia

25.00

14.10

1.00

0.00

14.43

0.38

9.38

6.26

24.45

5.00

Congo

10.00

12.00

1.90

0.00

4.90

1.01

27.71

21.61

20.88

0.00

Congo, Dem. Republic

10.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.11

0.04

6.75

1.73

56.37

25.00

Costa Rica

3.00

1.10

1.00

26.68

21.71

0.31

17.05

17.39

6.76

5.00

Cote d'Ivoire

22.40

7.00

2.50

0.00

3.62

0.15

11.23

7.09

45.91

0.10

Croatia

30.00

0.00

1.00

0.00

11.74

0.13

2.41

4.84

48.87

1.00

Cuba

22.93

15.00

2.00

0.00

0.29

0.12

13.34

8.40

32.92

5.00

Cyprus

20.00

13.00

1.00

0.00

0.00

0.51

13.02

14.06

28.41

10.00

Czech Republic

25.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

4.39

0.00

4.14

6.64

59.84

0.00

Denmark

28.00

57.00

3.00

0.00

0.03

0.08

1.59

1.64

8.66

0.00

Dominican Republic

25.00

5.00

2.00

9.94

4.63

0.20

24.12

20.01

4.11

5.00

Ecuador

35.00

1.00

2.00

0.33

10.20

0.57

25.22

13.89

11.79

0.00

Egypt

20.00

0.25

1.00

0.00

1.36

0.01

11.72

8.07

42.58

15.00

El Salvador

10.00

2.00

3.00

32.07

8.25

0.43

17.79

10.09

11.37

5.00

Eritrea

15.00

5.00

2.00

0.00

0.00

2.19

52.53

17.26

1.02

5.00

Estonia

60.00

20.66

2.00

0.00

0.12

0.37

0.78

1.29

14.77

0.00

Ethiopia

16.00

0.00

0.00

4.08

2.51

0.00

17.74

5.12

36.55

18.00

Finland

32.00

41.00

1.50

0.00

5.57

0.04

0.25

0.56

19.09

0.00

France

30.00

25.00

1.25

0.02

8.17

0.16

10.36

9.71

14.59

0.75

Gabon

15.00

20.00

2.00

0.00

2.82

0.41

5.97

7.33

46.47

0.00

Georgia

18.00

4.00

2.00

0.00

30.01

0.28

5.21

7.30

33.21

0.00

Germany

18.00

17.00

0.35

0.01

2.20

0.00

5.72

5.49

51.23

0.00

Ghana

21.10

4.00

1.00

0.00

8.25

0.13

8.87

6.34

50.07

0.25

Gibraltar

0.03

35.00

0.50

0.00

0.00

1.17

0.37

0.75

62.15

0.04

Greece

30.00

4.00

1.00

2.40

10.05

0.07

14.19

9.14

24.45

4.70

Guatemala

7.00

3.00

1.00

23.68

5.82

0.14

22.54

10.38

16.43

10.00

Haiti

30.00

11.00

1.00

0.00

1.05

0.43

28.58

6.32

11.61

10.00

Honduras

25.00

7.50

4.00

11.17

5.78

0.26

17.22

6.65

14.92

7.50

Hong Kong, China

0.25

35.00

1.20

0.00

0.00

0.04

3.18

3.71

41.62

15.00

Hungary

1.70

0.00

0.00

2.15

0.18

0.00

3.01

4.37

88.59

0.00

Iceland

39.03

6.00

2.00

23.56

29.05

0.36

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

India

17.00

3.20

0.38

0.03

2.54

0.02

6.32

8.71

50.30

11.50

Indonesia

6.30

10.00

2.00

3.88

1.15

0.01

8.73

8.66

49.27

10.00

Iran, Islamic Rep

11.00

2.50

0.20

0.00

2.15

0.01

2.49

2.27

61.39

18.00

Iraq

25.00

0.00

0.10

0.00

4.56

0.00

10.95

6.53

41.96

10.90

Ireland

46.00

37.00

1.80

0.00

2.87

0.13

2.36

2.88

6.95

0.00

Israel

10.00

3.00

0.00

0.00

0.02

0.07

5.71

13.65

47.54

20.00

Italy

11.00

0.90

2.00

0.64

7.77

0.01

6.27

6.31

63.11

2.00

Jamaica

10.00

20.00

5.00

0.00

0.42

0.52

16.44

12.59

35.04

0.00

Japan

4.50

6.00

1.00

0.56

10.51

0.23

7.38

11.36

56.46

2.00

Jordan

30.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.12

0.20

9.39

9.13

36.17

15.00

Kazakhstan

46.50

6.50

1.00

0.00

1.56

0.02

2.56

4.09

37.78

0.00

Kenya

21.00

7.00

1.00

10.75

2.67

0.08

14.56

7.28

28.66

7.00

Korea, Dem Rep. North

25.00

12.50

2.00

0.00

10.49

0.80

1.84

0.57

46.80

0.00

Korea, Rep S.

3.50

12.00

0.60

0.00

1.30

0.13

2.10

4.99

74.13

1.25

Kosovo

15.00

0.00

0.00

37.31

10.31

0.00

2.96

2.86

31.56

0.00

Kuwait

5.00

6.80

1.00

0.00

0.00

0.05

1.39

3.18

54.57

28.00

Kyrgyzstan

15.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

26.62

0.00

8.31

6.03

44.03

0.00

Latvia

35.00

14.50

3.90

0.00

12.16

0.19

0.63

1.17

32.45

0.00

Lebanon

10.00

8.00

0.25

0.00

2.70

0.24

4.41

8.62

60.78

5.00

Libya

26.50

3.50

2.00

0.00

0.00

0.08

5.63

7.87

39.42

15.00

Lithuania

15.00

50.00

0.50

0.00

6.49

0.16

1.78

2.36

23.72

0.00

Luxembourg

7.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

18.28

0.00

5.27

4.86

64.59

0.00

Macedonia, Rep

40.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

8.58

0.00

5.62

7.98

37.82

0.00

Malaysia

14.00

8.90

1.00

0.00

2.52

0.02

4.07

10.71

58.78

0.00

Malta

1.00

10.00

5.00

0.00

0.00

0.79

4.14

7.94

66.13

5.00

Mexico

25.00

7.90

1.00

2.40

3.19

0.01

10.41

14.09

23.00

13.00

Moldova, Republic

45.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.14

0.00

3.91

4.55

45.40

0.00

Mongolia

38.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.22

0.00

2.75

3.20

55.83

0.00

Montenegro

10.00

15.00

2.00

0.00

31.95

1.19

3.98

6.55

29.33

0.00

Morocco

22.50

5.00

2.00

0.00

3.66

0.05

8.41

7.49

45.89

5.00

Mozambique

25.00

2.00

2.00

0.00

10.48

2.37

13.56

4.77

34.81

5.00

Myanmar

10.00

12.00

0.20

0.00

7.86

0.27

20.72

9.56

34.38

5.00

Namibia

14.00

3.25

2.00

0.00

4.52

0.45

3.39

4.00

63.39

5.00

Nepal

15.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

3.21

0.00

11.59

3.77

56.43

10.00

Netherlands

5.00

60.00

0.30

0.00

0.03

0.02

1.60

1.62

31.43

0.00

Netherlands Antilles

2.00

12.50

4.00

0.00

0.00

0.52

3.47

3.21

74.29

0.00

New Zealand

30.00

13.25

1.00

13.29

19.43

0.36

2.77

3.72

16.18

0.00

Nicaragua

10.00

2.00

1.00

18.39

22.49

0.55

23.75

10.01

6.81

5.00

Nigeria

20.00

0.00

0.10

0.00

0.77

0.01

9.65

9.94

39.53

20.00

Norway

14.00

10.00

0.55

0.00

72.86

0.42

0.36

0.71

1.10

0.00

Oman

18.00

3.90

1.00

0.00

0.00

0.04

1.52

1.98

58.57

15.00

Pakistan

2.50

2.25

0.30

0.00

2.93

0.01

12.23

6.65

58.12

15.00

Panama

30.00

5.00

4.00

0.00

11.85

0.78

11.31

10.69

26.38

0.00

Paraguay

4.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

67.83

0.00

17.11

8.03

3.03

0.00

Peru

25.00

0.00

1.00

6.79

10.09

0.07

21.70

13.55

19.80

2.00

Philippines

5.00

10.00

5.00

12.29

4.55

0.29

31.52

17.27

14.09

0.00

Poland

43.00

29.00

0.35

0.16

1.96

0.02

4.83

10.00

10.67

0.00

Portugal

35.00

15.00

1.00

0.63

20.40

0.87

7.37

9.62

7.37

2.75

Qatar

3.50

7.90

0.50

0.00

0.00

0.05

1.21

2.83

77.50

6.50

Romania

24.40

22.00

0.25

0.26

10.07

0.04

1.58

5.36

36.04

0.00

Russian Federation

48.80

22.00

2.00

0.08

4.53

0.02

0.73

1.33

20.51

0.00

Saudi Arabia

11.00

0.00

0.50

0.00

0.00

0.01

3.25

4.33

45.92

35.00

Senegal

20.00

5.00

2.00

0.00

0.95

0.34

18.48

9.04

34.19

10.00

Serbia

25.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

10.34

0.00

2.39

4.97

57.31

0.00

Singapore

0.10

0.48

0.17

6.17

0.00

0.02

3.68

3.56

85.82

0.00

Slovak Republic

35.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

12.03

0.00

2.28

3.87

46.81

0.00

Slovenia

30.00

2.80

0.50

2.01

14.41

0.27

2.34

3.46

44.20

0.00

South Africa

20.00

7.00

1.00

0.00

1.13

0.01

1.56

2.56

56.74

10.00

Spain

25.70

10.00

1.00

0.07

11.86

0.30

10.58

9.42

20.10

10.98

Sri Lanka

20.00

22.00

2.00

0.00

5.79

0.09

18.13

12.22

19.77

0.00

Sudan

12.00

7.35

1.00

0.00

8.04

0.09

21.04

13.39

17.09

20.00

Sweden

55.00

19.00

1.00

0.00

22.01

0.07

0.73

0.97

1.23

0.00

Switzerland

15.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

39.64

0.00

4.41

7.91

33.04

0.00

Syrian Arab Republic

35.00

1.50

0.00

0.00

6.45

0.10

11.82

5.79

32.34

7.00

Tajikistan

30.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

44.61

0.00

16.60

8.00

0.80

0.00

Tanzania, United Rep

18.55

7.00

1.00

0.00

1.11

0.49

8.38

3.63

49.84

10.00

Thailand

11.00

5.40

1.00

0.07

1.45

0.01

3.42

4.38

68.27

5.00

Togo

21.50

2.00

0.60

0.00

1.67

0.59

11.74

3.71

53.20

5.00

Trinidad and Tobago

1.00

48.00

1.00

0.00

0.00

0.18

3.67

3.55

41.60

1.00

Tunisia

23.00

4.00

1.00

0.00

0.24

0.08

5.12

5.60

55.96

5.00

Turkey

16.00

0.05

0.50

0.83

14.46

0.02

10.90

10.16

39.08

8.00

Turkmenistan

16.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.43

2.80

79.76

0.00

Ukraine

25.00

30.00

1.00

0.00

2.50

0.01

1.46

2.05

37.98

0.00

United Arab Emirates

4.00

4.00

0.50

0.00

0.00

0.01

0.79

1.31

79.39

10.00

United Kingdom

20.00

65.00

0.80

0.00

1.73

2.19

1.09

2.96

6.22

0.00

USA

30.92

17.50

0.37

0.45

3.92

0.01

8.04

7.36

24.14

7.30

Uruguay

30.00

13.50

2.00

0.00

16.52

0.26

7.56

10.52

19.64

0.00

Uzbekistan

4.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.50

0.00

3.48

2.05

88.97

0.00

Venezuela

15.80

20.00

1.00

0.00

12.98

0.02

6.92

6.00

27.03

10.25

Vietnam

0.01

30.00

1.90

0.00

7.78

0.01

8.40

4.91

33.04

13.95

Yemen

4.00

5.00

2.00

1.20

0.00

0.16

23.13

7.03

44.47

13.00

Zambia

20.00

0.00

0.00

0.78

8.88

0.00

12.98

7.73

31.62

18.00

Zimbabwe

21.50

0.00

0.00

0.00

2.95

0.00

6.42

6.09

39.04

24.00

World average

19.37

12.90

0.72

0.74

4.84

0.07

5.55

5.97

42.17

7.67

Source. Utility PV plants, andCSP plants require a new footprint onland. Rooftop PV does not take up new land. The total new land footprint required for the plants, averaged 0.29% of the land area of the countries, mostly forutility PV plants. This does not account for the decrease in footprint from eliminating the current energy infrastructure, which includes the footprint for mining, transporting, and refining fossil fuels and uranium and for growing, transporting, and refining biofuels and bioenergy.CSP is assumed to be viable only in countries with significant direct solar radiation.links

Onshore wind turbines requires ~0.65% of the 139-country land area and can also be used for multiple purposes, such as agricultural land, grazing land, and open space.

CREATES: 24 million 35-year construction jobs and 26.5 million 35-year operation jobs, outweighing by ~(22.1 to 28.4) million jobs lost in the fossil energy sector.