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Invitro antibacterial activity of dried scale leaves of
Allium cepa linn
K. Vamshi Sharath Nath*, K.N.V Rao, S. Sandhya, M. Sai Kiran, David Banji,
L. Satya Narayana, Vijaya laxmi.C
Nalanda College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad Road, Nalgonda, A.P
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ABSTRACT
The study was carried out to ascertain the antibacterial properties present in different extracts of
dried scale leaves of Allium cepa. The Antibacterial testing of Allium cepa dried Scale leaves
extract was evaluated by Agar well diffusion method using gram positive bacteria like
Staphylococus aureus, Bacillus subtilius, gram negative bacteria like Escherichia coli,
Klebseilia pneumoniae. Amongst the test extracts, the results suggested that hexane, dioxon,
Ethanol extracts of Scale leaves showed significant antibacterial activity compared with
standard drug.
Key words: Allium cepa, Gentamycin, Flavonoids, Anthocyanins.
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INTRODUCTION
Herb is an immeasurable wealth of nature not only from the global environmental perspective
but also from the medicinal point of view. It plays a significant role ameliorating the disease
resistant ability and combating against various unfavourable metabolic activities within the
living system [1]. Herbal medicine is the mainstay of about 75–80% of the world population,
mainly in the developing countries, for primary health care because of better cultural
acceptability, better compatibility with the human body and lesser side effects. The chemical
constituents present in them are a part of the physiological functions of living flora and hence
they are believed to have better compatibility with the human body [2]. The clinical efficacy of
many existing antibiotics is being threatened by the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens
[3]. There is a continuous and urgent need to discover new antimicrobial compounds with
diverse chemical structures and novel mechanisms of action for new and re-emerging infectious
diseases [4]. Therefore, researchers are increasingly turning their attention to folk medicine,
looking for new leads to develop better drugs against microbial infections [5.] Allium cepa linn.
Belonging to the family Liliaceae, commonly known as ‘Onion’ having green stems and hollow
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Klebseilia pneumoniae. Medicinally it is used in treatment of cold.
Micro organisms:
The test organisms included for study were gram positive bacteria like Staphylococus aureus. Water. Ethyl
alcohol by Soxhlation for 6 hours [10. 7].
1000µg/ml were tested against the gram positive bacteria like Staphylococus aureus. The powder was extracted with
different solvents like Diaxon. n-Butanol. Tannins. The dried extracts
were dissolved in 95% of ethanol for preparation of different concentration ranges of extracts. The zone of inhibition was calculated by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone
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. laryngitis.
Antibacterial activity of the plant extracts:
Different extracts of dried scale leaves of Allium cepa at a concentration of 500µg/ml. Wells were made on the agar surface with 6mm cork borer. 11] for the preparation of different extracts and the
obtained extracts were subjected to antibacterial screening [12]. gram negative bacteria like Escherichia coli. cough.K. 750µg/ml and
1000µg/ml. allergies [6. Klebseilia pneumoniae by Well Diffusion
Method. Anthocyanins
[8. Alkaloids. from the above account. The plants bear small flowers that are usually white or
purple in color. The sterilized media were poured into Petri dishes and allowed for
solidification. 9].
Procedure for Extraction:
Dried scale leaves of Allium cepa were ground to coarse powder. The plates with
wells were used for the antibacterial studies.
Well Diffusion Method:
Antibacterial activity of the plant extract was tested using Well diffusion method [13]. Each concentration of the extract was tested against different bacterial pathogens. gram negative bacteria like Escherichia coli. Hyderabad. Propan-2-ol. The plates were observed for the zone clearance
around the wells. The plates were incubated at
37ºC±2ºC for 24 hours for bacterial activity. isopropyl alcohol.
The extracts were poured into the well using sterile syringe. The solidified plates were bored with 5mm diameter cork borer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Collection of Plant material:
The dried scale leaves of Allium cepa were collected from local market.
Gentamycin [14] at a concentration of 5µg/ml and 10µg/ml was used as standard antibacterial
drug. Andra Pradesh. Vamshi Sharath Nath et al
Der Pharmacia Lettre. Hexane. 2(5):187-192
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leaves and can grow up to 3ft in height. The extracts of the dried scale leaves were used for the study. Hyderabad..
Bacillus subtilius. 750µg/ml. 2010. Bacillus
subtilius.
Bacterial Media:
Muller Hinton Media was mixed with distilled water and then sterilized in autoclave at 15lb
pressure for 15 minutes. The
phytoconstituents reported from scale leaves are Flavanoids. it is obvious that there is no information available
about the antibacterial activity of dried scales of Allium cepa. All the
bacterial strains were procured from Osmania University. However. The present investigation was to
explore the antibacterial activity of dried scale leaves of Allium cepa. The
prepared culture plates were inoculated with different selected strains of bacteria using streak
plate method. The extracts
were dissolved in sterile distilled water to form dilution such as 500µg/ml. The
bacteria were grown in the nutrient broth at 370C and maintained on nutrient agar slants at 4oC.