Pat Jolly

A tireless advocate for indigenous culture, Pat Jolly has made her mark as a photographer, arts educator, video producer and promoter of creative talent. Also well known for her impish joie de vivre, she grew up just a stone’s throw from the city’s primary Mardi Gras parade thoroughfare and remembers how the smoke from railroad flares and flambeau carriers—men wielding rows of kerosene burners mounted on poles with polished backboards to reflect the flames—would billow backward, so the parade floats would emerge from smoky darkness, to spellbinding effect.

The advocate as “fun-trepreneur”

Pat Jolly, aka the Funtrepreneur, on Carnival Day 2012

Approaching her milieu as a participant — and capturing glints of magic in the sensory cornucopia that is New Orleans.

Speaking of her passion for the cultural traditions of her native city, Pat Jolly says, “At every moment, I want to be participating.”

A 5th generation New Orleanian, Jolly grew up just a stone’s throw from the city’s primary Mardi Gras parade thoroughfare, antebellum St. Charles Avenue. She remembers how the smoke from railroad flares and flambeau carriers—men wielding rows of kerosene burners mounted on poles with polished backboards to reflect the flames—would billow backward, so the parade floats would emerge from smoky darkness. Seen through a child’s eyes, she says, the “etherealness” of the spectacle was “very magical.”

And very much a family affair. “I never missed a parade,” Jolly declares. “My family would go to every parade.”

Jolly—photographer, preservationist and arts educator—has been documenting the life and culture of New Orleans for over 20 years. Her work has appeared in galleries, music clubs and other venues, as well as various media: magazines, books and Internet sites, plus music albums and CDs by the likes of Ellis Marsalis, Flora Purim, Patrice Fisher, Timothea, Deacon John, Paula and the Pontiacs, J. Monque’d and Walter “Wolfman” Washington.

By approaching her milieu, as she puts it, as “a participant, rather than a documentary artist,” Jolly is able to see beyond the surface and capture a glint of magic in her slices of the boisterous, mysterious character of local life.

“I’m taking photos of something that I’m part of,” she explains. “It’s sort of like an integral part of me.”

Indeed, Jolly’s extensive body of work—she figures there are upwards of 100,000 slides and prints in her archives—reflects a relentless urge to immerse herself in the sensual cornucopia that is the Crescent City. For when it comes to events involving music and the arts, as well as a broad spectrum of community-oriented activities, few Orleanians are more plugged-in than Jolly, who—despite having been in an auto accident 1996 that has impaired her mobility—maintains an active social schedule. All of which affords her a unique opportunity—or as she puts it, “responsibility”—to record, and thus preserve, the culture she holds dear.

As with many natives, Jolly didn’t begin to truly appreciate the uniqueness of her hometown until moving away (she lived in Poughkeepsie, New York in the late 1960s, and Baton Rouge, Louisiana and Chicago in the 1970s). “I realized that we are a city with our own culture,” she once explained in an e-mail missive, “while everywhere else is an amalgamation of cultures.”

Motherhood—she has three children, all in their 30s, and two grandchildren—sparked Jolly’s initial interest in photography. She liked to take her brood to the photography studio, and bought her first camera in order to more thoroughly document their growth spurts.

However, her real passion was bridge. She began playing tournament bridge while living in New York, and once qualified to represent the United States at the World Bridge Olympiad in the mixed pairs event. In 1976, she achieved the distinction of becoming a Life Master, the highest duplicate bridge ranking attainable in the United States.

In between raising a family and traveling to bridge tournaments, Jolly volunteered as a docent at the Louisiana Arts & Science Center and as a patient liaison at the Women’s Hospital in Baton Rouge. “It was so exciting,” she says of her work at the hospital, “because I got to take the daddies to meet their new babies.” She also gave her time to The Phone, a crisis-intervention service, answering hotline calls from the anguished and suicidal.

Gravitating toward nonprofit cultural organizations in the late 1970s, Jolly was actively involved, from its inception, with the Louisiana Music Commission. She also was part of a group that tried (unsuccessfully) to establish a hall of fame for Louisiana musicians.

Returning to New Orleans in 1979, following the end of her 14-year marriage, Jolly immersed herself in the local music scene—just as the city was rediscovering its uniquely rich musical heritage. She continued her involvement with the Louisiana Music Commission, which had recently been recognized and funded by the state, and joined the board of the Louisiana Music Association, a group formed to support songwriters.

Around the same time, she assisted New Orleans attorney and producer Ellis Pailet in his stewardship of the Governor’s Conference on Music. Jolly’s passion for promoting music at the grass-roots level landed her a spot on the conference’s community involvement panel.

In 1981, after working for a local recording studio, Jolly joined the board of the Louisiana Jazz Federation. Thus began a 10-year stint producing “Jazz Awareness Month,” a citywide music festival co-sponsored by various community organizations.

She also directed projects for the Louisiana Jazz Network, an umbrella group that was formed to represent and promote local musicians. The network included the Arts Council of New Orleans, the Louisiana Division of the Arts, Musicians for Music, the Louisiana Jazz Federation, the New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Foundation and WWOZ-FM.

At the time she signed on with the federation, Jolly was attending around 80 music performances each month. Irked by the city’s lack of support for local talent, she found herself in violation of one of the “little rules” by which she lives: “You’re not allowed to complain about something unless you’re actively doing something to rectify it.”

Result: a weekly listing of local music gigs, popularly known as the Jolly Jazz Calendar. Various local businesses let her use their copy machines gratis, and every week she’d distribute the 11″ x 17″ sheets, which she folded into quarters, free to friends and local music establishments—thus providing a welcome antidote to the often incomplete and inaccurate listings appearing in local publications.

The New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Foundation, a nonprofit organization affiliated with the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival, eventually agreed to help fund Jolly’s labor of love. Except for a brief period during which a foundation staffer assumed responsibility for the project, Jolly produced the calendar for approximately eight years.

In 1987, a rejiggering of budget priorities at the foundation resulted in a loss of funding. By then the calendar had become something of an institution and was highly valued by local musicians. They rallied together to hold fundraisers, but after those proceeds were exhausted and Jolly had burned through most of her savings, she was forced to cease publication.

Jolly’s calendar won fans not only because of its thoroughness but also its format. Instead of listing gigs by club, it presented all of the available choices day-by-day. In 1988, Jan Ramsey, a local entrepreneur, asked Jolly—who was already an old hand at assembling music listings for Wavelength and Where magazines—to create a listing format for a new publication. To this day, Offbeat, now Louisiana’s premiere music magazine, adheres to Jolly’s day-by-day model.

Jolly first started booking bands and performers in the early 1980s, working as a freelance consultant and talent coordinator. Her clients included local producers, as well as tourism and economic development agencies. In 1985, at the behest of the Arts Council of New Orleans, she served as a Jazz Administrator panelist—sharing her experiences producing grass-roots cultural events—at the Southern Arts Federation’s Southern Arts Exchange in Atlanta, Ga.

Later establishing a relationship with the Guatemala Ministry of Culture, Jolly arranged for New Orleans groups to perform at the Encuentro festival in Guatemala City. She also initiated a cultural exchange, bringing Guatemalan musicians to New Orleans to perform.

In 1990, in her capacity as production assistant for Centre d’Action Culturelle de Niort, in Niort, France, she helped coordinate an exhibition of Louisiana art, music and culture for Foire Exposition de Niort, la Louisiane a deux pas d’ici! New Orleans performers included the Treme Brass Band, Donald Harrison’s Guardians of the Flame Mardi Gras Indians and a jazz quintet. The following year, Producer Hannis Anrig, working through Jolly, arranged for a contingent of New Orleans musicians, including Doc Paulin’s Brass Band, Wanda Rouzan and Lynn August, to play a festival in Ascona, Switzerland. Also in 1991, Jolly arranged for New Orleans keyboard prodigy Davell Crawford, then 16 years old, to play his first European gig, in San Sebastian, Spain.

Over the years, Jolly has worked closely with Paolo Molena, Milan, Italy’s vice mayor of Sports, Culture and Recreation. In 1989, as U.S. Production Director for Accademia, a cultural organization in Milan, she produced a New Orleans Mardi Gras presentation for Carnevale Ambrosio—which included a parade featuring six New Orleans brass bands and over 100 costumed participants—and then toured Italy with the musicians and New Orleans chef Austin Leslie. She returned the following year for the Carnevale with the New Leviathan Oriental Foxtrot Orchestra and four brass bands.

And for several years beginning in 1989, Jolly helped make the Vacanze Milano festival a prime venue for New Orleans talent. Her bookings at the festival included jazz bands, brass bands, gospel groups, street performers and Vernel Bagneris’s musical play And Further Mo’… .

Having brought an entourage of more than 50 musicians to Italy on three separate occasions, Jolly has established her credentials as a “road mother”—coordinating travel logistics and stage set-up, and attending to numerous other details.

Booking and touring with musicians and other performers afforded Jolly the opportunity to contribute to several Italian television productions. In 1988, the RAI 1 television network hosted a contest, “Premio Strada,” featuring street performers from all over the world. Jolly brought five acts from the United States to compete; a New Orleans artist, CoCoMo Joe, took first place.

The following year, Jolly selected eight New Orleans vocalists plus an eight-piece jazz band to perform at Milan’s Sotto le Stelle del Jazz, a two-night event at one of the grandest opera houses in Italy, the Teatro Nazionale. In Naples, she helped coordinate a related video production, “New Orleans Women in Jazz,” involving the RAI 1 television network. Another performance was taped for television with the cooperation of the Matera, Italy Chamber of Commerce. In 1999, Jolly, whose booking agency is called Jolly Jazz, brought a dancer, juggler and pan steel band to Italy to perform in a production that aired on the RAI 5 network.

During the 1980s, Jolly acquired extensive video production experience through her affiliation with the Louisiana Jazz Federation. Among other projects, she produced Jazz Video Portraits, a series spotlighting New Orleans bands that won the Hometown Video Award from the National Federation of Local Cable Programmers (it was shown on 1,400 cable systems throughout the U.S.). For Cox Cable’s local Jazztown Series, Jolly produced segments on prominent musical families of New Orleans, among other subjects. She later received a grant from Cox, resulting in televised segments on brass bands, street performers and the late rhythm-and-blues legend Tommy Ridgely.

New Orleans in the 1990s witnessed a revival of interest in authentic brass band music, and Jolly was right in the thick of the action. As Music Captain for the satirical Krewe du Vieux for nine years, she booked numerous brass bands to perform in the group’s annual Mardi Gras procession, which rolls through the French Quarter three Saturdays before Fat Tuesday.

All the while, Jolly—who took her first photography classes as an undergraduate at Louisiana State University, in the mid-1970s—endeavored to sharpen her skills with a camera. While attending workshops at Anderson Ranch in Snowmass, Colorado, she found a mentor in the late Ernst Haas. Renowned for his dissolve work and experimental techniques, he was also, in Jolly’s opinion, “probably the foremost color photojournalist in the world.”

George runnin’ spyboy, a position roughly akin to that of a scout, with the White Eagles Mardi Gras Indians

Closer to home, Jolly has studied under Johnny Donnels, the noted New Orleans lensman; Aurthur Okazaki, head of photography at Tulane University; and—in classes at Tulane Photography & Imaging, which is affiliated with the Tulane Medical School—Mike Britt. Britt ran Delta Photo Lab, one of the first computerized photography facilities in the city, and it was through him that Jolly received her first exposure to digital imaging.

In endeavoring to capture the cultural panorama of New Orleans, Jolly has focused her lens on musicians, jazz funerals, second-line parades and the costuming traditions that define the city’s culture of theatricality and masquerade.

Beginning in the late 1970s, she found herself drawn to a folk tradition dating back to the late 1800s—Mardi Gras Indians. These black and mixed-race celebrants, typically from poor neighborhoods, spend countless hours making elaborately plumed, intricately beaded “suits.” Their regalia and music and dance traditions, which animate Fat Tuesday, Super Sunday, St. Joseph’s Day and other festive occasions, have become emblazoned on the aesthetic and cultural consciousness of New Orleans.

Over the years, Jolly has become personally acquainted with some of the city’s leading Mardi Gras Indian practitioners. Her body of work includes many striking images of such noted tribes, or “gangs,” as the Wild Magnolias, Creole Wild West, Wild Tchoupitoulas and Yellow Pocahontas. For Jolly, the true spirit of Mardi Gras is revealed through costuming. During the season of merriment that culminates on Fat Tuesday, she covers a broad swath of the city, immersing herself in a smorgasbord of rituals and subcultures that thrive on creative expression. Her goal is twofold: to document the external manifestations of this creativity, and glean the emotions and spontaneity exuded by the revelers behind the masks.

In 1990, five of Jolly’s Mardi Gras-related photos were included in a show entitled “Carnival Knowledge,” at Dashka Roth Gallery in New Orleans. The selections revealed her penchant for experimenting with color, movement and light dispersion. In a feature story about Jolly, the New Orleans Times-Picayune noted that for one of the shots, of the St. Augustine high school band’s drummers, she had moved the zoom lens out while keeping the shutter open, “capturing the look of the musicians’ sound with a blurry, throbbing image.”

Jolly’s facility with a camera, and her extensive ties to the New Orleans music community, eventually landed her a job with the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival, where she served as staff photographer for nine years. (For the 1999 festival, Jolly was among three New Orleans photographers—the others were Michael Smith and Syndey Byrd—whose work was featured in a 30th anniversary photo exhibit.)

Meanwhile, Jolly was distinguishing herself at the Newcomb University Spring Arts Festival. Her awards, received over four consecutive years, included first place in photography (1993 and 1995) and second place in printmaking (1996).

For six months in 1995, the Hotel Inter-Continental presented a solo exhibition, entitled “Cultural Visions,” featuring Jolly’s photos of jazz funerals and second-line parades. (In New Orleans, neighborhood street processions involving brass bands and strutting, festively attired celebrants are known as second lines.)

And in 1998, Jolly was one of the artists whose work the New Orleans African American Museum of Art, Culture and History—housed in the historic Treme Villa Meilleur—chose to highlight in its inaugural show. Other notable venues that have shown Jolly’s photographs include Gallier Hall and the Carol Robinson Gallery. Currently, at Snug Harbor Jazz Bistro, which is considered the premiere jazz club in New Orleans, a selection of Jolly’s jazz funeral and second-line images are on display. And a Jolly solo show at Trenticosta’s, a new cafe in the Warehouse District, has about 30 photos of mostly Mardi Gras and musical subjects.

Since 1995, through Young Audiences and the New Orleans Recreation Department (NORD), Jolly has run an innovative summer arts-education program for inner-city youths. Her objective: “to inspire inspiration” and teach the “art of listening,” while emphasizing the importance of “ethical issues and accountability” as well as the viability of art as a profession. She focuses on the art and culture of New Orleans, as well the indigenous peoples of the Middle East, Africa, Mexico and Guatemala. Her approach is thematic, multicultural and participatory. There are demonstrations by guest artists and performers, as well as slide shows of Jolly’s own work; pupils get to try their hand at sand art, beading, yarn and ceramics, among other mediums.

The Jolly Jazz Calendar may be long gone, but its namesake has been taking advantage of e-mail to keep a growing circle of “subscribers”—she doesn’t charge for the service—informed about performances, CD-release parties, film openings, noteworthy television and radio broadcasts, funeral services and much else. The tidbits sometimes include Jolly’s personal observations and musings, and many musicians have taken to asking her to spread the word about their gigs.

The most recent chapter in Jolly’s ongoing advocacy for New Orleans music involves WWOZ. In August 2000, the community-oriented radio station’s manager, David Freedman, approached her with the idea of recording a few minutes of daily music news. Her segment, due to begin airing in early 2000, will be played throughout the day. There’s also a plan in the works to feature Jolly’s photographs on the station’s Web site.

All this represents something of a homecoming for Jolly. In the early 1980s, when “OZ” was just getting of the ground, she produced “Performers Spotlight Series,” an interview-and-music program featuring local talent, and subsequently launched a calendar of music events that aired six times daily (it’s now called the WWOZ Live Wire).

Another project on Jolly’s agenda (and for which she is currently seeking support): archiving and cataloging her voluminous photo archive. Her ultimate goal is to have the collection organized into a cross-referenced, online database that would serve as a resource for journalists, scholars and anyone else interested in exploring the culture of New Orleans.

The Funtrepreneur masking as the Duchess from Alice in Wonderland, Carnival Day 1999

Friendly with a wide swath of artists engaged in the creation of wearable regalia, Jolly has documented their creations extensively, giving her an intimate perspective on costuming in the Crescent City.

Jolly is active in a variety of community and cultural organizations including Friends of New Orleans Cemeteries, which is dedicated to tomb preservation and renovation.

She serves on the Music and Entertainment Committee of the Internet Coalition, and is a founding board member of the Music Coalition of Louisiana. An advocacy organization that serves as a bridge between musicians, state entities and private business interests, the coalition focuses on issues such as government-mandated restrictions on street musicians in New Orleans and expanding educational and other resources aimed at preserving and transmitting the state’s musical legacy. Jolly is also a judge for the Big Easy Entertainment Awards, an annual event sponsored by Gambit Weekly honoring local performers, and serves as Chairman of the Community Resource Committee for the The New Orleans Musicians’ Clinic, which provides assistance and funds to musicians in need of medical treatment. In May 1999, after 10 years of part-time coursework concentrating on art and education, Jolly received a B.A. in General Studies with a Concentration in Humanities from Tulane University.

While many in the New Orleans community associate Jolly with her role as a tireless advocate of the indigenous culture, she’s at least as well known for her determination to enjoy life to the fullest. And indeed, the nicknames she has acquired over the years—e.g., Jollylama, The Funtrepreneur and The Night Mayor—testify to her impish joie de vivre. Optimism—something she likens to “willful naivete”—is what keeps her going.

“Why shouldn’t you be optimistic?” she asks. “Pessimistic is heavy. My goal is to make things light.”