↑Couch, J., 1838. A Cornish fauna, being a compendium of the natural history of the county,... Part I. Vertebrate, Crustacean, and a portion of the Radiate animals. Truro. Cornish Fauna: 1-84.

↑Stehmann, M., 1995. First and new records of skates (Chondrichthyes, Rajiformes, Rajidae) from the West African continental slope (Morocco to South Africa), with descriptions of two new species. Archive of Fishery and Marine Research v. 43 (núm. 1): 1-119.

↑Mitchill, S. L., 1825. The hedgehog-ray -- a species of fish taken occasionally near New-York, in the Atlantic Ocean, and now, as is believed, for the first time described. American Journal of Science and Arts v. 9: 290-293.