Estuaries and mangroves are important breeding and feeding areas for many species of larval fish and invertebrates that usually complete their life cycles in the sea. The Mamanguape River estuary is located between parallels 06 ° 48' and 06 ° 51 'south latitude, and meridians 35 ° 07' and 34 ° 54 'west longitude, it is configured as an Environmental Preservation Area (APA in Portuguese) , which has the largest mangrove reserve in the State of Paraíba. Considering its importance in environmental and economic, it takes planning and management for the development of economic activities. Thus, this work in the first stage, aims to Thematic Mapping in the scale of 1:10.000, identifying the environments and their Geoenvironmental Units, representing them individually on maps; moreover, treat their potential, suggesting skills for use and occupation.Digital image processing of QuickBird data and WordView, field trips, vectorization of geoenvironmental units and elements of interest, were used as methodology through the development of this paper. As result, the structuring of an Environmental Georeferenced Database of multisource Data mapping for storage and their further manipulation. In the second step, he rose through the perception on the spot, and on the basis of studies already carried geoprocessing, occurrences of environmental impacts in the study area and describe them. The method that was used in an array of interaction checklist. Thus, it was more impactful five actions described in the relevant region: clearing of native vegetation, siltation of river channels; contamination of river water and bottom sediments; devastation of mangroves, erosion damage and soil quality. where it was concluded that the various aspects treaties can be mitigated through programs of soil management and restoration of forests, often existing practices that need to be prioritized. From the qualitative point of view, it was found that the impacts are most degrading the devastation of native forests (remnants of Atlantic forest and riparian vegetation) in order to install the monoculture of sugarcane, which presents historical impact.