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DISTILLED FROM AMERICAN GRAIN. eÀpLl1ned, "I cannot support what alnounts to regional legislation." vVh,lt he could support was a gutting of the 1965 act. Under that measure, dn) proposed change in local election l.:lws-aimed, say, ,1t introducIng new subte rfuges to pre Yen t Negroes from voting-had to be cleared either with the Attorney General 01 with the fed- eral I)Istrict Court In \Vashington be- fore being used. Under Mitchell'<; pro- posal, the clearance procedure was aban- doned and the Departlnent of Justice was required to keep an eye on every lnove Inade to amend election laws in every legal jurisdiction in the country, .1nd if one was found to be discrimina- tory thL Department could then dppl) for an injunction in 3 federal court in the district where the ldw was passed- that is, the bill left it up to judges in the South to determine the validity of civil- rights actIons. And, finally, the provi- sions of the law Mitchell proposed would apply to the entire country, not just to the region where by far the most voting discrimination was practiced, thereby diverting the governInent's attention from areas where it wa most needed. The onl} other witness at the he.lr- ing that day was ClarencL MItchell, director of the \Vashington bureau of the N.A.A.C.P., who warned that if Congress delayed renewal of the V ot- ing Righ ts L\.ct by adopting such an ob- structive measure, "then would COlne dgdin the clos<;-burning and the slaving of the Negro who has no other desire than to vote." He also spoke of "a so- phistIcated, calculated, incredible effol t on the part of the chIef la wyer of the United States government to make it Ï1npo<;sible to continue on the con- structive e f fo r ts we ha ve followed." He was about the onh PCl- . son outside the Adn1in- istratlon who considered tht: Attor- ney General's proposal sophisticated. "1 t's the most blatantly racist c:1ppeal to George \Vallace's constituency since George vVallace's campaign for the Presidency," one l)emocratic Inen1ber of the subcommittee said privately afterward. "The Inove to Inake the At- torney General keep track of every tiny amendment to electIon laws across the country and then the reqlllrelnCl1t that he fight alnendments discriminating against black voters through the courts would either tie up the entire l)epart- ment or force it to drop the whole thing." Representative Emanuel Celler, Democrat of New York and chairman of the fu]] J udiciar C0111lnittee, told Mitchell during the hearings thc:1t the proposal amounted to nothing rnore than "a dela} ing action." ()ffstage, a couple of other l)emocrats suggested that since the lneasure would obvioush be unenforceable, it could not have been meant seriously. Like many other Inelnoers of Congress, they considered it a ignal to conservative in the South that the President was doing his best to rest()] e the old ways thLre, while at the same tIme it was a signal to In ode rates c:lnd lIberals in the North that the whole affair was c:1 rnere political gesture. "In other words, the .i\dministration is he- trc:lying both sides," one of these 111en sc:l1d. "That is not just politIcally fool- ish, it is base." \Vhen a reporter 'lskcd Senatol Hugh Scott, Republican of Penns) lvania, who was thLl1 the 1\1i- norit) \Vhip, how Inuch more in the way of reactionary steps the Adminis- tration would have to take before liberal RepublIcans bolted, he answered, "'Not very 111 uch." In the House, the lecHling critic of the Adlninistrcttion's bill was Representative "rilliam :McCulloch, of ()hio, who WàS the rank;ng Republican on the Judicia r) ComInittee and a leclding civil-rights cldvocate. Pointing out that the latest issue was not a pdrti- san matter, since eighty-two per cent of the Republican meln bers in the House had supported the VotIng Righ ts Act of 1965, he told the committee, "As 1 understand the provisions of the Ad- 111inistration's bill which pertaIn to the heart of this controversy, they sweep hroddly into those areas where the' need is the leclst ,lnd 1 etreat from those areas where the need is greatest. \Ve are asked to eÀ- tend the Section 4 ban R.D on literacy tests or de- /I/W'" <ù1-J vices oHt-stde the So u th Jnto fourteen other states from which the I)epartInent of JustIce dnd the N.A.A.C.P. have never to thi dc:l) receIved a complaint a]]eging thL dIs- cnminatory use of literacy tests or dè- vices. \Ve are asked to repeal the Sec- tion 5 requirement that the covered states lnust cle,lr their new voting laws and practices with the' Attorne, (;en- eral or the I)istrict Court for the I)is- trict of Columbia in the face of spell- binding evidence of unflagging Southern dedication to the CàUSL of creating an ever lnore sophisticated legal machiner, for discrin1Inating against the black votel. In short, the Adlninistration creàtes a reIned) for which there is no wrong and leaves grievous wrongs without adequate relnedy. 1 ask ) OU,