The punitive system applied to the native people, legally declared as apostates by the idolatry extirpators, had several characteristics that implied the reformulation of the criminal classification and objectives, which were different from the ones considered in the order of the Old Regime. As a matter of fact, a fissure was created in the punitive system, susceptible to be qualified as modernising or post-modern. The aforementioned occurred because, based on the indigenous protector statute and the legal praxis, some punishments were created, objectives of which had to be adjusted to the cultural reality of the Andean populations. For example, jail in the modern sense was established and other punishments were ruled out because it was impossible to apply them.