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What is the mind? Is consciousness a process in the brain? How do our minds represent the world? Philosophy of Mind: Classical and Contemporary Readings is a grand tour of writings on these and other perplexing questions about the nature of the mind. The most comprehensive collection of its kind, the book includes sixty-three selections that range from the classical contributions of Descartes to the leading edge of contemporary debates. Extensive sections cover foundational issues, the nature of consciousness, and the nature of mental content. Three of the selections are published here for the first time, while many other articles have been revised especially for this volume. Each section opens with an introduction by the editor. Philosophy of Mind is suitable for students at all levels and also for general readers.

David J. Chalmers is Professor of Philosophy and Director of the Center for Consciousness Studies at the University of Arizona

Preface

xi

1 Foundations

1

(196)

A. Dualism

Meditations on First Philosophy (II and VI)

10

(11)

Rene Descartes

Passions of the Soul (Excerpt)

21

(3)

Rene Descartes

On the Hypothesis That Animals Are Automata, and Its History (Excerpt)

24

(7)

Thomas H. Huxley

An Unfortunate Dualist

31

(1)

Raymond M. Smullyan

B. Behaviorism

Descartes' Myth

32

(7)

Gilbert Ryle

Psychology in Physical Language (Excerpt)

39

(6)

Rudolf Carnap

Brains and Behavior

45

(10)

Hilary Putnam

C. The Identity Theory

Is Consciousness a Brain Process?

55

(5)

U. T. Place

Sensations and Brain Processes

60

(8)

J. J. C. Smart

The ``Mental'' and the ``Physical'' (Excerpt)

68

(5)

Herbert Feigl

D. Functionalism

The Nature of Mental States

73

(7)

Hilary Putnam

The Causal Theory of the Mind

80

(8)

D. M. Armstrong

Psychophysical and Theoretical Identifications

88

(6)

David Lewis

Troubles with Functionalism (Excerpt)

94

(5)

Ned Block

Pseudonormal Vision: An Actual Case of Qualia Inversion?

99

(7)

Martine Nida-Rumelin

E. Other Psychophysical Relations

Mechanism and Its Alternatives (Excerpt)

106

(10)

C. D. Broad

Mental Events

116

(10)

Donald Davidson

Special Sciences (or: The Disunity of Science as a Working Hypothesis)

126

(9)

Jerry A. Fodor

Multiple Realization and the Metaphysics of Reduction

135

(15)

Jaegwon Kim

From Supervenience to Superdupervenience: Meeting the Demands of a Material World (Excerpt)