option(D) is correct.traffic analysis is not a active attack ,it is a passive attack

we know that passive attack is that which can use the information of other system but does not affect the resources .on the other hand active attack make use of other system's information and it affects or alter the system resources.

(A)-Denial of service-It prevents or inhibits the normal use or management of communications facilities. This attack may have a specific target;

Ex. An entity may suppress all messages directed to a particular destination. (e.g The security audit service) Another form of service denial is the disruption of an entire network, either by disabling the network or by overloading it with messages so as to degrade performance.

(B) Masquerades-it takes place when one entity pretends to be different entity.

E.g. Authentication sequences can be captured and replayed after a valid authentication sequences has taken place, thus enabling an authorized entity with few privileges to obtain extra privileges by interpersonating an entity that has those privileges.

(C)fabrication- In this type of attack a fake message is inserted into the network by an unauthorized user as if it is a valid user. This results in the loss of confidentiality, authenticity and integrity of the message.

(D) traffic analysis-it is a phenomenon in which when a sender sends some information to some receiver then in between them analyzing the pattern of message(information) from sender to receiver is called traffic analysis. It does not alter the system resources.