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Choose a sequence from your favourite film/tv show (no longer than 30 secs) and describe the compositing and visual effects elements utilised to create the final sequence.

Previs

Previs or previsualisation is an array of functions to visualise complex scenes in the movie before the beginning of the filming process. Therefore previs is an important part of the visual effects in a movie or a TV scene and is extensively used to give special effects and in animation. Previs is applied to the visual techniques such as storyboarding which is done in the form of charcoal sketching and also for the digital technology for the planning and conceptualisation of the movie scenes.
The main advantage of the previsualisation is that it gives immense opportunity to the cinematographer for experimenting with several options such as lighting, camera placement, stage direction, editing, etc. This process also helps in adding sound effects and music and also the stunt scenes with special effects. In the movie, The Matrix Reloaded, the entire hit and chase scene on the road is the perfect example of using previs in big budget films (Dinur, 2017). These days for big budget films, majority of the studios hire those companies which solely concentrate on previsualisation effects for large projects. There are many software packages that helps to get the previs effect such as Newtek's Lightwave 3D, Autodesk Maya, MotionBuilder and Softimage XSI, etc. There are also inexpensive previsualisation effects using iClone, Poser, etc. Another important aspect of previsualisation is storyboarding. It gives an unique 3D dimension which is way better than the 3D animation.

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Compositing

Compositing is known as the process of combining several aspects from different individual sources into a single compact image. It is usually used to create the illusion that all the elements are part of the same scene which in reality is several layers into one. There are several part of the compositing techniques such as live action techniques which is also called chroma key, blue screen, etc. There are also old techniques of compositing which is known as pre-digital techniques that was used during the 19th century trick films of George Melies. Undoubtedly it is the backbone of the visual effects industry that has reached unlimited dimensions. In the vast world of visual effects, compositing is considered to be the final level that carves a niche to the entire project. The most important technical aspect of compositing is the art of inter-mingling pixels. There are infinite numbers of ways from which the pixels can be combined to reach dimensions. However there is a distinct technical difference between compositing and other visual effects that are in case of compositing only two pixels are required to composite.
The tools that are required to do compositing is the Adobe VR Comp Editor that are used to built after effects enabling 2D and 3D edits to prepare a spherical composite (Walker, 2017). There are several steps to launch VR Comp Editor and use it like a pro.
In the science sequel The Blade Runner 2049, the VFX effects using the compositing techniques have reached immense dimensions. The biggest challenge that the production team faced was to build up a futuristic visual world that shall be of the same standard prepared in the first part thirty years back. Hence the team used the most powerful and innovative 3D design and production tracking tools with the most upgraded technology that would create outstanding work of cinematic art. There were 1200 VFX shots with several tools such as Maya, Arnold and Shotgun.

Colour Grading

Colour grading is known as the process of developing and enhancing the colour of the motion picture, video clip or a still photograph. Therefore in the field of visual effects it is a very important step that gives the final touch to the movie. Hence it possesses those powerful qualities that can transform an ordinary clip to an outstanding one. There are several tools with the help of which colour grading can be achieved that provides new colour themes, lightning the entire frame, emulations of film stocks, colour gradients, etc (Daibo et al., 2017). This feature solely depends on the director who is the best person to decide what is the best for the clip. However the difficult challenge of using colour grading is the selection of the appropriate shades of colour.
The most effective tool for colour grading is the Davinci Resolve Lite. In the 2 minute video from the movie ‘The House on Pine Street’ featured by Taylor Jones, the grading effect was brilliantly demonstrated with the original footage along with the colour graded footage. Davinci Resolve Lite is considered to be the big daddy of the grading software. The Adobe Premiere Pro CC (Lumetri), Final Cut Pro X, Color Finale, Film convert, etc are also other colour grading software tools with the help of which colour grading can be achieved.

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