Placenta accreta is an unyielding pregnancy complication with increased morbidity and mortality. Optimal management requires prenatal diagnosis. Currently, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used for screening. We pursued if a risk assessment tool incorporating both clinical risk factors and screening radiography would give a more accurate prediction. We ...

News media is an important source of information for expectant mothers. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the content and influence of the lay press in reporting of home birth. We carried out a search of the Lexis-Nexis news database using "home births" and "hospital births" keywords for ...

To determine whether clinical findings among women with preeclampsia or eclampsia predict the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnosis of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and to determine whether posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is found in all patients with eclampsia or among patients with preeclampsia. We performed a retrospective review of women ...

Prenatal training has been shown to prevent diastasis recti. The purpose of this study was to see if women who started an exercise program after delivery had a comparable reduction in diastasis recti as those who started the program during their pregnancy. A retrospective analysis was done of 63 women ...

Although there is consensus about deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis in the pregnant population, the decision about the same in postpartum women is left to the physicians' preference. This study was undertaken to compare the incidence of wound complications in selective compared with universal administration of anticoagulation in postcesarean delivery ...

Twin-reversed arterial perfusion sequence is a rare complication of monochorionic twin pregnancies in which an acardiac twin is perfused through placental anastomoses by a pump twin. Untreated, this leads to cardiac failure and hydrops in the pump twin. Various techniques are used to treat twin-reversed arterial perfusion, including laser, bipolar ...

There is a common perception that physicians cannot achieve a work-life balance. A survey was conducted to ascertain whether physicians have children and, if so, when and whether they encourage their children to follow in their footsteps. A survey titled "Would you encourage your children to become physicians?" was sent ...

Breastfeeding is the preferred method of infant nutrition as a result of the multiple known health benefits to both the infant and mother. Existing literature has shown that implementation of a breastfeeding curriculum among residents increases both resident knowledge as well as breastfeeding rates in their patient populations. These data ...

The objectives of this study were to evaluate factors and outcomes associated with insufficient endometrial biopsy in low-income women with abnormal uterine bleeding. A retrospective review of women undergoing endometrial biopsy for abnormal uterine bleeding at John H. Stroger Hospital from January 1 to June 30, 2011, was performed. The ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the acetowhite changes of the vulva as a predictor for high-grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Data were prospectively collected from 344 patients referred to gynecology oncology for genital dysplasia. All patients underwent vulvar colposcopy. Vulvar biopsies were performed for acetowhite changes and visible ...

Recently, 14-3-3 zeta protein was identified as a potential serum biomarker of epithelioid ovarian cancer. The goal of this study was to investigate the clinical potential of 14-3-3 zeta protein for monitoring epithelioid ovarian cancer progression compared with CA-125 and HE4. In a prospective follow-up study, carried out at the ...

Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy among women in developing countries with a 53% mortality rate. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the principal cause of cervical cancer. We have tested an innovative approach to cervical cancer screening, using community health workers and self-samplers for detecting high-risk HPV. Community health ...

Among patients and faculty at an ethnically diverse urban hospital in New York City, we sought to determine which physicians women prefer to see. We probed physicians on perceptions of their primary care practices with specific attention to cardiovascular disease (CVD). We sought to quantify patient awareness that heart disease ...

Many women are unaware that delaying childbearing may lead to a decline in fertility. A questionnaire was designed to better understand their perspectives. Anonymous surveys were distributed to women over 17 years old at Lutheran Medical Center. Three hundred ninety-eight of 566 questionnaires (70%) were successfully returned. Mean age was ...

Intracavitary adhesions are rare after hysteroscopic polypectomy but common after myomectomy, adhesiolysis, and septum resection and may affect subsequent fertility. A pediatric Foley is commonly used to prevent adhesions but requires an office visit for removal. Sodium hyaluronate and carboxymethylcellulose is a bioresorbable barrier that has also been used for ...

Azoospermia accounts for about 10% of male infertility. Sperm recovery can be performed by testicular biopsy and further IVF with ICSI is mandatory in order to obtain a pregnancy. While testicular sperm recovery is successful in almost all cases of obstructive azoospermia, the recovery rate varies from 30 to 70% ...

Third-trimester cervical length has been correlated with mode of delivery. Given that second-trimester ultrasonography is routine practice, we sought to evaluate whether second-trimester cervical length predicts the need for cesarean delivery as a result of labor arrest. We performed a secondary analysis of data involving women with singleton gestations between ...

A 2009 Cochrane review found that amniotic fluid index use increases the rates of oligohydramnios and labor induction in singletons without improvement of perinatal outcomes when compared with the use of the deepest vertical pocket. We sought to determine the use of either amniotic fluid index or deepest vertical pocket ...

English is increasingly the medical lingua franca. We hypothesized that an intensive journal club model based on articles and questions from obstetrics and gynecology could improve written and spoken comprehension of medical English in a population of Chinese medical professionals. Participants took a three-part baseline examination (multiple choice, 15 questions), ...

The objective of this study was to report on long-term outcomes after midurethral sling for treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). We identified women who underwent midurethral sling procedures (retropubic, transobturator, or mini-slings) from January 1, 2002, through December 31, 2011, at Mayo Clinic, Rochester. The primary outcome was reoperation ...

MORE is an international patient safety program initiated in 2002 and used by over 14,400 participants. It is a 3-year program (additional years optional) in which participants (physicians, midwives, nurses with other staff) learn together, work together, and change the culture. It was initiated in the United States in 2005. ...

Research has focused on vaginal atrophy as the cause of dyspareunia in postmenopausal women. This study explored whether penetrative pain was prevented after hypoestrogenic patients applied analgesic liquid to the vulvar vestibule. In a randomized controlled, double-blind trial, estrogen-deficient breast cancer survivors with severe penetrative dyspareunia applied either saline or ...

Rayburn William F WF University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, - - 2014

Diversity of physicians is important to represent the general population and physicians in training. The objectives of this investigation were to explore faculty diversity in academic obstetrics and gynecology and determine how it compares with other core clinical specialties and medical student demographics. Data from the Association of American Medical ...

The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of race and other demographic variables on access to minimally invasive surgery for hysterectomy performed in California. Retrospective population-based analysis of patients undergoing hysterectomy was identified by International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision codes from the California Office of Statewide ...

Jeffrey Nicholas O NO Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, - - 2014

Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 cause approximately 70% of invasive and preinvasive lesions of the cervix and vagina. As detection of HPV-related disease advances, many of these patients will access the health care system for treatment. Both HPV and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are transmitted through sexual exposure; thus, ...

A 58-year-old man named J.S. was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and underwent treatment with standard rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy. He presented to his local outpatient clinic for evaluation and laboratory tests on day 10 after cycle 3. During this visit, J.S. reported great difficulty opening his ...

HtrA1 is a serine protease with the capacity to degrade a variety of extracellular matrix proteins. Prior study has demonstrated that processes of abnormal placental invasion such as preeclampsia are associated with changes in local tissue regulation. We examined expression of HtrA1 in fallopian tubes containing ectopic pregnancy. Fallopian tubes ...

Women represent 25% of persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the United States; 80% are reproductive age when diagnosed. New pregnancies are increasingly considered by HIV-positive women. Factors associated with pregnancies among HIV-positive women have been understudied. We used data from a national cross-sectional survey of HIV-positive adults ...

Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare complication in obstetric patients with no population-level data reported to date on its epidemiology, resource use, and outcomes. We used the Texas Inpatient Public Use Data File to identify by International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification codes pregnancy-associated hospitalizations and necrotizing fasciitis (code ...

Uterine perforation is a potentially serious complication of intrauterine device (IUD) use. The aim of the study was to determine uterine perforation rates in women using IUDs. Large, comparative, multinational, prospective, noninterventional cohort study with new users of different types of IUDs: levonorgestrel IUDs and copper IUDs. The combined cohort ...

Fetal macrosomia is classically associated with higher risk of shoulder dystocia and subsequent birth injury. A MEDLINE review of the literature between 1997 and 2013 failed to reveal studies that correlate fetal abdominal circumference and shoulder dystocia. The aim of our study was to examine the association between fetal abdominal ...

To evaluate whether cervical ripening in patients with term premature rupture of membranes (PROM) through intracervical balloon placement increases the risk of chorioamnionitis when compared with women with term PROM ripened with other methods. Retrospective cohort study of term singleton gestations with PROM delivered July 2009 to June 2012. Exposure ...

Influenza infection in pregnancy is associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Administration of the influenza vaccine during pregnancy has been reported to decrease certain adverse perinatal outcomes. Our objective was to determine if influenza vaccination during pregnancy decreases the risk of preeclampsia. A retrospective chart review was ...

The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients who delivered in California in 2009 and had pregnancies resulting from assisted reproductive technology (ART) compared with non-ART pregnancies. A descriptive study was performed on 551 patients who underwent ART and subsequently delivered in California. Deliveries involving ART ...

Pregnant patients seen at our resident clinic who describe their last menstrual period as being "certain" do not routinely undergo a dating ultrasound scan. We ask the question: Do pregnant patients with a "certain" last menstrual period require an ultrasound scan for dating? We conducted a retrospective observational study. We ...

The rate of operative vaginal delivery is on the decline with forceps use declining faster than vacuums. We aimed to determine which clinical factors influence delivery mode (forceps, vacuum, or cesarean) among candidates for operative vaginal delivery in modern practice. Cross-sectional cohort of candidates for operative vaginal delivery (reached complete ...

The objective of this study was to identify unique barriers to exercise during pregnancy in an underserved urban population. Pregnant patients at scheduled prenatal appointments were given survey forms to fill out regarding willingness to exercise and preferred type of exercise while waiting to be seen. Verbal announcements and published ...

Our institution implemented a policy preventing elective delivery at less than 39 weeks of gestation. We assessed its effect accounting for potential inaccuracies in pregnancy dating. We analyzed a cohort of singleton pregnancies delivered by elective repeat cesarean delivery before and after the policy change. We excluded anyone with an ...

Henry Dana D University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, - - 2014

Maternal cardiac diseases can be severely compromised in the setting of arrhythmias. We compared perinatal outcomes among women with a cardiac arrhythmia with women with other types of cardiac disease. This is a retrospective cohort study of pregnant women with cardiac disease who delivered from 2008 to 2013. Perinatal outcomes ...

In an effort to decrease cesarean delivery rates, an institutional review of inductions performed at or beyond 39 weeks of gestation was designed to identify potential risk factors. A retrospective chart review of patients undergoing an induction of labor between 39 and 42 weeks of gestation was performed at a ...

Cervical preparation is recommended before surgical evacuation of second-trimester pregnancies. Both mechanical (osmotic dilator) and pharmacologic (misoprostol) methods are used in the United States. Mifepristone facilitates medical abortion in the second trimester. The combination of mifepristone and misoprostol may effectively permit evacuation without the need for osmotic dilators. A randomized ...

The objective of this study was to present an obstetric simulation exercise designed to educate health care providers on techniques of quantifying blood loss and to assess the effect of the simulation exercise on accuracy of blood loss estimation in a clinical setting. A programmed learning simulation exercise was presented ...

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends that all women be offered screening for fetal aneuploidy regardless of maternal age. Two first-trimester screening programs are the first-trimester combined screen and noninvasive prenatal testing with positive screens followed up with invasive methods such as chorionic villus sampling (CVS). We show ...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of new commercial tests for aneuploidy screening using cell-free fetal DNA on rates of invasive testing. Commercial aneuploidy screening tests using cell-free fetal DNA were first offered at Lehigh Valley Health Network Maternal Fetal Medicine in late December 2011. All ...

Stillbirth and infant death are traumatic events with profound and lasting effects on bereaved families. Mothers with perinatal loss are at high risk for poor mental health, although this has not been well-assessed in a representative epidemiologic cohort. There are also virtually no data on loss among African-American women. The ...

Fetal death from intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy can be a sudden event and is not reliably predicted by findings on fetal heart rate tracing. Our objective is to assess whether there are differences in antenatal testing and delivery outcomes between patients with severe compared with mild intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. ...