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It is easy to be long-winded when writing with the topic “abstraction”[1]: it seems a bit like a bottomless pit, when I attempt to think about it in depth. Let me make the long story short, to writing some of my conclusions, while it may be a bit hasty. Where the abstract levels based on In the … Continue reading →

The concept of black/white-boxes The term black-box is usually referred to a device, object or system[1]. The concept of black/white-boxes implies an assumption, that is, the view or description of a system under study [2] is able to be separated into outer or inner aspects. The outer aspect involves such as functions, behaviors, or characteristics, … Continue reading →