If you refer to people as the movers and shakers of a
particular event, organization, or movement, you admire
them because they are the people who take an active part
in it and make things happen, or who bring in new developments.
[JOURNALISM]

E-DICより。

the movers and shakers

「大きな影響力を持つ人物，有力者，実力者，大立者」。時として，
単数形a mover and shakerで使うこともある。

Mr. Smith is only a freshman senator. He is not one of the
movers and shakers.
スミス氏はただの１年生議員だ。影響力のある大物政治家ではない

I hope we'll have as lively a discussion with the leading
alpha moms this afternoon.

の as lively a discussion がちょっとムズカシメですね。

レクシス英和辞典のasの項によると、
副詞で「同じ程度に、同じくらいに」とありました。

She is as clever a woman as her sisters (are).
彼女は妹たちに劣らず賢い女性だ。

おそらくビニエットの文では、as..asの後のas以降が
省略されているのでしょう。

■意味を考えてみよう。今日取り上げる単語が含まれています。

They fascinate the mass media precisely because they are
high achievers in their own right.

My mom didn't lead me by the nose.

Mothers bear the brunt of the blame if a kid turns out
to be a failure.

How can they hold up their heads if they flunk the
acid test of motherhood?

■意味を考えてみよう。答えは以下で

high achiever
in one's own right
lead someone by the nose
bear the brunt
flunk
buy into
media hype
master one's misfortunes
by the number
hold up one's head
acid test
slacker mom

──────────────────────────────
high achiever, 成功者
──────────────────────────────
An achiever is someone who is successful in their studies
or their work, usually as a result of their efforts. A low
achiever is someone who achieves less than those around them.

Though the son of a famous man, he has become famous in his own right.

彼は有名人の息子ではあったが，自分自身の力で有名になった

──────────────────────────────
lead someone by the nose, （人）を思うままに支配する
──────────────────────────────
If someone leads you by the nose or leads you around the nose,
they control you completely so that you do whatever they want.
This expression is often used to suggest that the person being
led is foolish or wrong to let this happen.

In their minivan caravans carrying kids to sports fields,
they had an unwitting impact on brand preferences that
were followed by others.

New moms have rabid appetites for cues on childcare.

It should come as no surprise that products and services
that come under the childcare umbrella can thank the
passion for parenting that has alpha moms in the vanguard.

It seems corporations are keen to ride on their coattails.

■意味を考えてみよう。答えは以下で

unwitting
have a rabid appetite for
come under the childcare umbrella
in the vanguard
ride on someone's coattails
puppet on strings
can-do
organizational savvy
pull the wool over someone's eyes
influencer
come as no surprise that
bend over backwards to do
ideological warfare

──────────────────────────────
unwitting, 無意識の
──────────────────────────────
If you describe a person or their actions as unwitting,
you mean that the person does something or is involving
in something without realizing it.

ex) We're unwitting victims of the system.

──────────────────────────────
have a rabid appetite for, …に対する猛烈な欲望がある
──────────────────────────────
You can use rabid to describe someone who has very strong
and unreasonable opinions or beliefs about a subject,
especially in politics.

ex) The party has distanced itself from the more rabid
nationalist groups in the country.

──────────────────────────────
come under the childcare umbrella, 育児関連の部類に入る
──────────────────────────────
Umbrella is used to refer to a single group or description
that includes a lot of different organizations or ideas.

ex) Within the umbrella term 'dementia' there are many
different kinds of disease.

──────────────────────────────
in the vanguard, 先頭に立って、先陣を切って
──────────────────────────────
If someone is in the vanguard of something such as a revolution
or an area of research, they are involved in the most advanced
part of it. You can also refer to the people themselves
as the vanguard.

ex) Students and intellectuals have been in the vanguard
of revolutionary change in China.

vanguardは先兵、先遣隊、軍隊の先頭という意味です。

──────────────────────────────
ride on someone's coattails, （人）の人気に便乗する、
（人）のおかげで出世する
──────────────────────────────
on the coat-tails of someone

If someone does something on the coat-tails of another person
or a trend, they are able to do it because of the success
or popularity of that person or trend, and not because of
their own efforts.

ex) She was looking for fame and glory on the coat-tails
of her husband.

Doris is pegged for a big promotion next spring.
ドリスは来春大きく昇進すると目されている．

──────────────────────────────
endear, いとしく思わせる
──────────────────────────────
If something endears you to someone or if you endear yourself
to them, you become popular with them and well liked by them.

──────────────────────────────
Type A, A型行動様式
──────────────────────────────
a personality type characterized by ambition, impatience,
and competitiveness, and thought to be susceptible to stress
and heart disease.

緊張、積極性、攻撃性を特徴とする。
この型の人はストレスがたまりやすく心臓発作を起しやすいといわれる

Type B
この性格の人は落ち着きがあり、のんびりしており、人当たりがよく、
心臓発作になりにくいとされる

──────────────────────────────
sounding board, 共鳴板、反響版、反応をテストされる人
──────────────────────────────
If you use someone as a sounding board, you discuss your ideas
with them in order to get another opinion.

ex) It was one of those occasions when he needed a sounding
board rather than thinking alone.

──────────────────────────────
relaunch, 再販売する、再販売
──────────────────────────────
To relaunch something such as a company, a product, or a
scheme means to start it again or to produce it in a
different way.

ex) Football kit relaunches are simply a way of boosting
sales.

──────────────────────────────
yen for excellence, 卓越したいという熱望
──────────────────────────────
If you have a yen to do something, you have a strong desire
to do it.

It can suggest that a woman in a management position may be
resorting to sex appeal to conceal incompetence or to take
unfair advantage.

Generation X and Y are pushing the envelope.

I still wonder if I may be swept away with the old guard
one of these days.

In reality, some firms are throwing dress codes out the
window and accepting workplace fashion faux pas.

■意味を考えてみよう。答えは以下で

turn heads
take unfair advantage
push the envelope
be swept away with
faux pas
turn on tongues
old guard
lax
press on

──────────────────────────────
turn heads, 注目を集める
──────────────────────────────
If someone or something turns heads, they are so beautiful,
unusual, or impressive that people are attracted to them
and cannot help looking at them or paying attention to them.

ex) At the age of 20, the dark-haired actress was already
turning heads in the right places.

Journalists sometimes describe someone or something as
head-turning, or refer to them as a head-turner.

──────────────────────────────
take unfair advantage, 弱みにつけ込む
──────────────────────────────
If you take advantage of something, you make good use of it
while you can,

ex) I intend to take full advantage of this trip to buy
the things we need.

──────────────────────────────
push the envelope, 既成の枠を押し広げる、限界に挑む
──────────────────────────────
If someone pushes the envelope, they do something to a
greater degree or in a more extreme way than it has ever
been done before.

ex) Each time they flew faster or higher they regarded
that as pushing the envelope.

ここでいうenvelopeは幾何でいう包絡線のことのようです。
では包絡線とは何か？ 与えられた曲線群のすべてに接する曲線、
です。。

この包絡線をぐいぐいと広げていく様。航空業界のスラングが
元のようです[ODE]。

──────────────────────────────
be swept away with, …とともに一掃される[押し流される]
──────────────────────────────
To sweep something away means to destroy or remove it
entirely, usually because it is considered outdated or wrong.

What was the fashion on campus may be way out off the mark
in business couture.

■意味を考えてみよう。答えは以下で

polished
go hand in hand with
kick up one's heels
way off the mark
business couture
picture
recruit
discreet
pertain to
embodiment
encode
code of conduct
corporate platform

──────────────────────────────
polished, 洗練された、磨き抜かれた
──────────────────────────────
Someone who is polished shows confidence and knows how to
behave socially.

ex) He is polished, charming, articulate and an excellent
negotiator.

──────────────────────────────
go hand in hand with, …と同一歩調を取る
──────────────────────────────
If two things go hand in hand, they are closely connected
and cannot be considered separately from each other. You
can also say that one thing goes hand in hand with another thing.

ex) The principle of the playgroup movement is that play and
learning go hand in hand: your child masters new skills
and absorbs knowledge while having fun.

──────────────────────────────
kick up one's heels, 自由に楽しむ、大はしゃぎする
──────────────────────────────
If someone is kicking up their heels, they are enjoying
themselves a lot, for example at a party.

ex)Combine music, culture and good food in Jersey this month.
Kick up your heels at the annual Jersey Jazz Festival.

[NOTE] This refers to a horse that has been released into
a field, as horses commonly do this they gallop off.

──────────────────────────────
way off the mark, まったくの見当外れ[違い]で
──────────────────────────────
If something that you say or write is off the mark,
it is incorrect or inaccurate.

ex) They're sometimes called 'Poor Man's Oyster', but I think
that name is way off the mark. Mussels are every bit as good
as the more expensive oyster.

──────────────────────────────
business couture, ビジネスウェア、ビジネスクチュール
──────────────────────────────
Couture is the designing and making of expensive fashionable
clothes, or the clothes themselves. [FORMAL]

I don't mind being a fashion consultant for Amanda but
some of our younger employees see me as a self-appointed
member of the fashion police because I continually
repeat my lines to them, " Forget the flip-flops and
cutoffs and maintain a professional look or watch your
career die."

I quickly decided to disinvite myself.

People don't prod me to change the color of my skin
or hair or cap my front teeth.

I'm one of those naysayers when it comes to casual
Friday.

You have to look good to make a mark in the corporate world.

■意味を考えてみよう。答えは以下で

self-appointed
disinvite
prod
naysayer
make a mark
get out of hand

──────────────────────────────
self-appointed, 自ら決めた、自称の
──────────────────────────────
A self-appointed leader or ruler has taken the position
of leader or ruler without anyone else asking them or choosing
them to have it.

──────────────────────────────
make a mark, 名を上げる、出世する
──────────────────────────────
If you make your mark, you do something which causes you to
become noticed or famous. If something makes its mark,
it starts to be noticed or to have an effect.
You can also say that someone or something makes a mark.

ex) One of the athletes who made a mark for himself
at the 1964 Olympics was Kichogi Kano.

──────────────────────────────
その他にも、次も押さえておきたい。[誌面の都合上省略] ★は重要表現
──────────────────────────────
get out of hand, 歯止めがなくなる、手に負えなくなる

──────────────────────────────
resident, 専属の、在住の
──────────────────────────────
If an institution has a resident specialist, that specialist
works for the institution.

ex) Having begun her career at Gray's Pottery, she stayed
there as resident designer for seven years.

──────────────────────────────
address, （人に向かって）話をする
──────────────────────────────
If you address a group of people, you give a speech to them.

ex) He is due to address a conference on human rights
next week.

──────────────────────────────
the dress code says…, 服装規定は…となっている
──────────────────────────────
You can mention the contents of a piece of writing by
mentioning what it says or what someone says in it.

ex) Jung believed that God speaks to us in dreams.
The Bible says so too.

──────────────────────────────
caveat, 注意、警告
──────────────────────────────
A caveat is a warning of a specific limitation of something
such as information or an agreement. [FORMAL]

ex) With the caveat that almost every figure in this survey
is suspect, it can at least be said that the world travel
and tourism industry is huge.

──────────────────────────────
raise eyebrows, 眉をひそめる、（人を）驚かせる
──────────────────────────────
If something causes you to raise an eyebrow or to raise your
eyebrows, it causes you to feel surprised or disapproving.