Hemorrhoids

Overview of Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are inflamed veins within swollen tissue of the anus and rectum.

Hemorrhoids are very common. Hemorrhoids may become symptomatic as a result of activities or conditions that increase pressure in these veins. This in turn results in distention and engorgement of the veins. Straining with defecation, constipation, frequent diarrhea episodes, prolonged sitting, pregnancy, obesity and low fiber diet all may contribute to hemorrhoids.

Anatomically speaking, there are two kinds of hemorrhoids: internal hemorrhoids that are higher up in the rectum and external hemorrhoids that are lower.

Signs & Symptoms

Bleeding

Painless, bright red bleeding with bowel movements is usually caused by internal hemorrhoids

Pain and bleeding with bowel movements is likely due to an external hemorrhoid that may have formed a clot (or other conditions such as anal fissures or rectal abscesses)

Protrusion of the hemorrhoid, which is then noticed as an uncomfortable swelling or lump in the anal area

Rectal itching also can be a symptom when external hemorrhoids are irritated

If the rectal bleeding is not due to hemorrhoids then another medical evaluation is advised.

Prevention

The mainstay of prevention is bowel management to promote regular defecation of soft, formed bowel movements, which will decrease straining:

Resources

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