'''注意：''' 95%的用户不需要这么做。同步core和extra上的所有软件包会带来许多你所不需要的东西。Only follow these instructions if you are running a very large site of Arch machines or want to create an official mirror. Perhaps using a [[Network Shared Pacman Cache]] would serve you better.

'''NOTE:''' Due to traffic issues rsyncing from rsync.archlinux.org is allowed only for official mirrors. If you want to create an official mirror - write to the mailing list about this and entries in /etc/pacman.d/* will be added and your IP address will be allowed.

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==本地镜像==

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If you want to get a full mirror for personal use only, you may rsync from '''rsync://distro.ibiblio.org/distros/archlinux/'''

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===需要牢记的事实===

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* 镜像的带宽不是免费的，镜像必须为提供给你的数据付费

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** 尽管你已经为你的ISP付费，这也是成立的。

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* 有很多你可能下载了却永远用不到的包

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* 镜像的管理员会更喜欢让你仅下载需要的包

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* 再次请求仔细查看上面的替代方案

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This document describes how to create a mirror on your local machine of all the packages and iso files on the Arch mirrors, how to update it using cron, how to serve the mirror with vsftpd, and how to set up pacman to use the local mirror.

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'''如果你完全确定本地镜像是唯一合适的解决方案，那么按照下面的指引操作。'''

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== 安装准备 ==

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===服务器设置===

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====Building Rsync Command====

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* Use the rsync arguments from [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/DeveloperWiki:NewMirrors DeveloperWiki:NewMirrors]

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* Select a server from the above article

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* Exclude folder/files you do not want by including {{Ic|1=--exclude-from="/path/to/exclude.txt"}} in the rsync arguments. Example contents might include:

Nothing terribly fancy here, just a slightly advanced bash script to do what we need. Let's make it executable.

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chmod +x scripts/mirrorsync.sh

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That's it, you now have an easily modifiable script. You probably don't want to have to run this manually though, so let's set up a cron job to run this for us.

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One note before we move on to the next step: your logs directory is going to keep growing in size. Make sure that you check it regularly so that it doesn't start overtaking the server with garbage. It is highly recommended that you set up [[LogRotate]] to manage this, or write some kind of cleanup script.

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== Running a cron job ==

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Let's make sure we have the necessary cron tools (most Arch installations will):

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pacman -S dcron

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We will be running our cron job with <tt>crontab</tt>. For more infomation, see <tt>man crontab</tt>. The benefit of running the sync with a crontab is a higher level of security, and not cluttering up <tt>/etc/cron.*</tt> with files. It also allows for a higher level of control for when the script is run.

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Create <tt>scripts/mirror.cron</tt> with the following contents:

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0 3 * * * /home/mirror/scripts/mirrorsync.sh

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Now we need to activate our crontab:

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sudo -u mirror crontab scripts/mirror.cron

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Let's make sure that crontab picked up our job:

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sudo -u mirror crontab -l

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You should see the contents of <tt>scripts/mirror.cron</tt> printed out. If not, rerun the previous command and check again.

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This cron setup will run our sync.sh script every night at 3AM. You can adjust this however you want, see http://www.adminschoice.com/docs/crontab.htm for more information on crontab syntax.

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=== Editing the cron job ===

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If you ever need to edit <tt>mirror.cron</tt>, use the following command:

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sudo -u mirror crontab -e

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If you edit the file by hand, use the following command to update crontab:

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sudo -u mirror crontab scripts/mirror.cron

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Now let's set up pacman to use our local mirror.

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== Setting up pacman to use the local mirror ==

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If you only want to access your mirror on one computer, you can use the following steps.

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=== Single machine ===

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'''NOTE:''' If you are following the above for a single machine, you are using a lot of bandwidth for no reason at all. Save it for the people that need it. This section only applies for those that will follow through with the below section as well.

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You will not need vsftpd for this type of setup, because we are accessing the files via a file:// url, as opposed to a ftp:// url.

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Add the following line to the top of <tt>/etc/pacman.d/core</tt>, at the top of the Servers list:

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Server = file:///home/mirror/files/core/os/i686

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You should also add this line, substituting <tt>/core/</tt> for the name of the repository you are mirroring (e.g.: for community, the line should look like this):

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Server = file:///home/mirror/files/community/os/i686

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Also be sure to change <tt>i686</tt> to <tt>x86_64</tt> if you are using a 64bit version of Arch.

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=== Multiple machines ===

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Syncing this way will allow you to use FTP to access your local mirror from other machines. You can also use this method to sync to your local machine (more details on this later).

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==== FTP server configuration ====

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The first thing we need to do is configure vsftpd. Edit <tt>/etc/vsftpd.conf</tt> to look like this:

# Forcefully stop sending data after X seconds of inactivity during a transfer

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# (It is highly recommended to not set this higher than idle_session_timeout)

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data_connection_timeout=30

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This setup will offer a very secure FTP server, tailored specifically for our needs. Note that this setup does '''not''' require a password, and should not be used in a publicly accessible network (unless that's what you want). ''Password protecting the FTP and still allowing it to work with pacman is beyond the scope of this document.''

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If you are going to connect to this machine from the outside, you will need to add the following line to <tt>/etc/hosts.allow</tt>:

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vsftpd : ALL : ALL

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Note that this will allow '''anyone''' to download from the mirror. If you want to control downloads more tightly, and don't know how to do so, see [http://linux.about.com/od/commands/l/blcmdl5_hostsal.htm linux.about.com] on the subject.

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Let's make sure vsftpd starts:

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sudo /etc/rc.d/vsftpd start

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If vsftpd does not start, check that the options are set correctly in your <tt>/etc/vsftpd.conf</tt> file.

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==== Enabling the mirror for pacman ====

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Now let's edit <tt>/etc/pacman.d/*</tt> files to use our shiny new mirror. Add the following line to the top of <tt>/etc/pacman.d/core</tt>, at the top of the Servers list:

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Server = ftp://192.168.1.21/core/os/i686

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Note that <tt>192.168.1.21</tt> is the IP address of my test machine. Your address will most likely be different. (Remember that you can get the current IP of an Arch box with <tt>ifconfig -a</tt> or <tt>ifconfig eth0</tt>.)

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If you want to use this same mirror on the local machine, use the following Server line:

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Server = ftp://localhost/core/os/i686

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Repeat this same process for the other repositories you are mirroring. Non-local machines will need to use an IP address to access the repository. Also make sure that the machine serving the mirror has a static IP address.

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====Another mirror script using lftp====

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lftp can mirror via several different protocols: ftp, http, etc. It also restarts on error, and can run in the background. Put this into your $PATH for an easy way to mirror that continues if you log out.

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== Synchronizing for the first time ==

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#!/usr/bin/lftp -f

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lcd /local/path/to/your/mirror

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open ftp.archlinux.org (or whatever your favorite mirror is)

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# Use 'cd' to change into the proper directory on the mirror, if necessary.

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mirror -cve -X *i686* core &

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mirror -cve -X *i686* extra &

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mirror -cve -X *i686* community &

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mirror -cve -X *i686* multilib &

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lcd pool

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cd pool

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mirror -cve -X *i686* community &

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mirror -cve -X *i686* packages &

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Here comes the pain! Run the following command to start the sync:

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if you want to see the current status of the mirror. open lftp on terminal and type 'attach <PID>'

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sudo -u mirror ./scripts/mirrorsync.sh

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====Partial mirroring====

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This won't give you any kind of output, but you probably want some. You can use something like this (correct for the name of log file) to monitor the sync progress:

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Mirroring only some repositories is definitely not easy, due to the centralization of most packages in `pool/`.

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See [http://blog.invokk.net/2012/01/mirroring-only-some-repositories-of-archlinux/ this blog post] for an attempt at writing a script for this task.

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tail -f logs/pkgsync_20070203-9.log

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====Serving====

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*HTTP (LAN)

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**[[LAMP]]

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**[[Lighttpd]]

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*FTP (LAN)

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**[[vsftpd]]

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*Physical Media

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**Flash Drive

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**External HD

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This process will usually take a few hours, depending on the speed of your internet connection and how many repositories you are mirroring. After the first sync, only new packages will be sync'ed, so it will be m

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===Client Configuration===

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*Add the proper Server= variable in /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

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*For physical media (such as flash drive) the following can be used: Server = file:///mnt/media/repo/$repo/os/$arch (''where /mnt/media/repo is directory where local mirror located'')

Example Script

Warning: DO NOT USE THIS SCRIPT UNLESS YOU HAVE READ WARNINGS AT THE START OF THIS ARTICLE

Warning: Only use this script to sync Core/Extra/Community! If you need Testing, gnome-unstable or any other repo, use rsync --exclude instead!

Yes, this script is partially broken ON PURPOSE to avoid people doing copy-and-paste to create their own mirror. It should be easy to fix if you REALLY want a mirror.

#!/bin/bash
#################################################################################################
### It is generally frowned upon to create a local mirror due the bandwidth that is required.
### One of the alternatives will likely fulfill your needs.
### REMEMBER:
### * Bandwidth is not free for the mirrors. They must pay for all the data they serve you
### => This still applies although you pay your ISP
### => There are many packages that will be downloaded that you will likely never use
### => Mirror operators will much prefer you to download only the packages you need
### * Really please look at the alternatives on this page:
### https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Local_Mirror
### If you are ABSOLUTELY CERTAIN that a local mirror is the only sensible solution, then this
### script will get you on your way to creating it.
#################################################################################################
# Configuration
SOURCE='rsync://mirror.example.com/archlinux'
DEST='/srv/mirrors/archlinux'
BW_LIMIT='500'
REPOS='core extra'
RSYNC_OPTS="-rtlHq --delete-after --delay-updates --copy-links --safe-links --max-delete=1000 --bwlimit=${BW_LIMIT} --delete-excluded --exclude=.*"
LCK_FLE='/var/run/repo-sync.lck'
# Make sure only 1 instance runs
if [ -e "$LCK_FLE" ] ; then
OTHER_PID=`/bin/cat $LCK_FLE`
echo "Another instance already running: $OTHER_PID"
exit 1
fi
echo $$ > "$LCK_FLE"
for REPO in $REPOS ; do
echo "Syncing $REPO"
echo /usr/bin/rsync $RSYNC_OPTS ${SOURCE}/${REPO} ${DEST}
done
# Cleanup
/bin/rm -f "$LCK_FLE"
exit 0

Another mirror script using lftp

lftp can mirror via several different protocols: ftp, http, etc. It also restarts on error, and can run in the background. Put this into your $PATH for an easy way to mirror that continues if you log out.