Advanced Search
Submit one or more of the following items, and they will be searched along with your query in the search box above.
Any submit button will submit all of the items you have changed.

+ Publication-Date Published in the last:

30 days
60 days
90 days
6 months
12 months
this year
2 years
3 years
5 years
10 years

Or published in the following date range:
From (yyyy/mm/dd - month and day are optional) to ('to' is optional)
+ Full Text
Retrieve articles with hyperlinks to:
full text (either free or subscription)
free full text
subscription full text
no full text link
+ Sort-Order
Sort the retrieved articles by:
relevance
publication date
+ Language And with languages:

+ Species
And for:
Humans
Animals
+ Gender
And for:
Male
Female
+ Age And for these age groups:

Newborn: birth to 1 month
Infant: 1 to 23 months
Preschool child: 2 to 5 years
Child: 6 to 12 years
Adolescent: 13 to 18 years
Adult: 19 to 44 years
Middle aged: 45 to 64 years
Aged: 65+ years
80 and over: 80+ years

+ Title
And for this query matching the titles:
+ Transliterated-Title
And for this query matching the title in original language:
+ Abstract
And for this query matching the abstratcs:
+ Major-Mesh
And for this query matching the MeSH-Major terms:
+ Mesh
And for this query matching any MeSH terms:
+ Journal
And for one or more of these journal abbreviated names:
OR OR
(see title abbreviations)+ Volume
And with journal volume number:
+ Issue
And with journal issue number:
+ Page
And with page number:
+ ISSN
And with ISSN:
+ Publication-Place
And with journal's country of publication:
+ Author

+ Affiliation
And with affiliation to:
+ Has-Abstract
Find MEDLINE records with the abstract status:
has abstract
does not have abstract
include both record types
include both record types but rank higher the records having abstract (the default BML behavior) + PMID
Show me only articles for these PMIDs (PubMed IDs):

Page Format
Any submit button will submit all of the items you have changed.

OBJECTIVES: to estimate survival, after AIDSdiagnosis, in people who got infected with HIV through injecting drug use (IDUs), to identify among variables collected at AIDSdiagnosis those which were associated to prognosis and to assess the frequency of morbid conditions at death.

SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: 4,040 IDUs diagnosed with AIDS in Italy between 1999 and 2005.

RESULTS: the 2-year and 5-year survival probabilities after AIDSdiagnosis of IDUs were 72% and 60%, respectively.

CONCLUSION: the results of this population-based study showed that, in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era, survival of IDUs with AIDS was still lower compared to that of HIV sexual transmission groups.

The presence at death, in 52% of cases, of non AIDS-defining illnesses indicates the important role on mortality of co-morbidities, including liver diseases and violent causes.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Neurologic presentations of AIDS.

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the cause of AIDS, has infected an estimated 33 million individuals worldwide.

HIV is associated with immunodeficiency, neoplasia, and neurologic disease.

This article reviews the HIV-associated neurologic syndromes, which can be classified as primary HIV neurologic disease (in which HIV is both necessary and sufficient to cause the illness), secondary or opportunistic neurologic disease (in which HIV interacts with other pathogens, resulting in opportunistic infections and tumors), and treatment-related neurologic disease (such as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome).

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Accurately distinguishing between cerebral toxoplasmosis and primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), still the most common secondary CNS mass lesion complications of AIDS, has long represented a diagnostic challenge in those with HIV.

A young adult male with AIDS presented with evolving ophthalmoplegias, Parinaud's syndrome and gait dysfunction.

The objective of this survey was to investigate incidence, clinical features, radiological findings, histologic diagnosis, treatment and outcome for all patients with histologically verified AIDS-related PCNSL diagnosed in Norway in 1989-2003.

METHODS: We identified the patients by chart review of all cases recorded as PCNSL in The Norwegian Cancer Registry (by law recording all cases of cancer in Norway) and all cases recorded as AIDS-related PCNSL in the autopsy registry at a hospital having 67% autopsy rate and treating 59% of AIDS patients in Norway, from 1989 to 2003.

We used person-time techniques to calculate incidence rates of PCNSL among AIDS patients based on recordings on AIDS at the Norwegian Surveillance System for Communicable Diseases (by law recording all cases of AIDS in Norway).

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

According to the published data, most primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) are B-cell lymphomas; primary T-cell lymphomas are rare.

In a search of the MEDLINE database, we found only 6 cases of primary T-cell PCNSL.

Here, we present the case of a 43-year-old man with AIDS, not on highly active antiretroviral therapy, who presented with focal neurologic symptoms and was found on magnetic resonance imaging to have multiple brain lesions.

A biopsy showed T-cell lymphoma, and the patient was subsequently treated with whole-brain radiation, to marked clinical response.

Reported cases from the literature of primary T-cell PCNSL in AIDS patients are summarized in this review.

[Email]Email this result itemEmail the results to the following email address: [X] Close

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

PURPOSE: A consistent association with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) distinguishes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) from that which occurs in the general population.

Recent descriptions of long-term remissions in patients with posttransplantation EBV-associated PCNSL who received EBV-specific therapy suggest some antitumor effect is anti-EBV mediated.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We enrolled 4 patients with AIDS-related PCNSL into a novel antiviral and immunomodulatory protocol.

[Title] [Stereotactic brain biopsy in the diagnosis of focal brain lesions in AIDS].

Between January 1999 and May 2007, 83 procedures of stereotactic brain biopsies in HIV/AIDS patients with focal cerebral lesions were carried out.

The inclusion criteria were lack of response to current diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for brain lesions.

Forty one patient images demonstrated multiple brain lesions.

Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) was the most frequent diagnosis (29%), followed by primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) (23%), and toxoplasmosis (15.7%).

Statistically significant association was observed between histopathological diagnosis and lesion location and between those and peripheral ring enhancement images.

In conclusion, the stereotactic brain biopsy ordered early during the patient's evolution showed a good performance in order to achieve a prompt and accurate diagnosis and to guide the therapeutic scheme in these AIDS patients with focal brain lesions.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Diagnostic delay in primary central nervous system lymphoma.

This study investigates delay in diagnosing primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), which has a variable clinical and radiological presentation.

Early diagnosis and treatment may improve survival and cause less sequela in PCNSL.

The time from initial symptom to final morphological diagnosis of PCNSL had a median (mean, range) of 70 (106, 22-330) days in 16 AIDS patients and 75 (157, 8-1285) days in 58 non-AIDS patients.

Among non-AIDS patients, the time to diagnosis was longer in patients with no tumour in the first neuroimaging report after initial symptom (p = 0.001).

Median (mean, range) time from initial symptom to neuroimaging was 14 (25, 1-60) days in AIDS patients and 21 (88, 1-1095) days in non-AIDS patients.

In the non-AIDS group, those presenting with personality change or visual disturbance had more delayed imaging than the others.

The time from first neuroimaging examination to final diagnosis in non-AIDS patients had a median (mean, range) of 28 (69, 1-845) days, and was longer when no tumour was indicated in the imaging report (p = 0.005) and if first biopsy did not confirm the diagnosis (p = 0.02).

All AIDS patients had their diagnosis of PCNSL first established by autopsy.

There is a considerable delay in the diagnosis of PCNSL and strategies for earlier diagnosis are thus needed.

Physicians should consider early neuroimaging in patients with personality changes or visual disturbance, early renewed imaging in patients with persistent neurological symptoms but no tumour on initial imaging, and early/repeated biopsy of focal brain lesions in both AIDS patients and non-AIDS patients.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Before the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) represented one of the most prevalent causes of focal brain lesions in HIV-infected people.

Brain biopsy was the method of choice for the definitive diagnosis, but it was and remains an invasive procedure with morbidity and mortality as well as considerable costs in terms of patients' management and quality of life.

The strict association between AIDS-PCNSL and Epstein-Barr virus led to the suggestion that EBV DNA in cerebrospinal spinal fluid (CSF) might serve as a diagnostic marker, reducing the time required for diagnosis and allowing a minimally invasive approach.

After the introduction of HAART in clinical practice, a survival benefit has been observed for most persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated opportunistic infections and cancers.

In particular, for patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, a higher likelihood of response to chemotherapy as well as a longer survival has been found as a consequence of the use of combined antiretroviral therapy.

Nevertheless, these patients' survival still remains very poor and it could be hypothesized that, other than specific cancer prognostic determinants and severe immunodeficiency, viral pathogenesis as well as EBV-specific immunologic dysfunction may be responsible.

[Number-of-references] 72

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Imaging in primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma (PCNSL) accounts for approximately 3% of all primary CNS tumors.

Congenital or acquired immunodeficiency is the only established risk factor for PCNSL.

Rates decreased slightly in the mid-1990s, concordantly with the decreasing rates of AIDS.

However, the incidence has been increasing in the elderly immunocompetent population, and this trend seems to be independent of improvements in diagnostic techniques, and of overall trends in the incidence of brain tumors and systemic lymphomas.

No changes in the imaging presentation have occurred over the past two decades, apart from lesions now being smaller at diagnosis.

[Email]Email this result itemEmail the results to the following email address: [X] Close

A brain imaging study showed a right temporal mass, which on biopsy proved to be primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).

For patients who present with PCNSL as their initial AIDS-defining event, stable neurologic findings, and effective HAART options, initial treatment with HAART alone may be possible, reserving WBRT and corticosteroids for those who show signs of impending neurologic demise.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Biology and treatment of primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare variant of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is restricted in distribution to the brain, leptomeninges, spinal cord, and intraocular compartments.

Although PCNSL shares overlapping features with systemic lymphoma, recent studies also reveal a unique pattern of gene and protein expression in PCNSL.

Immune system compromise, such as is seen in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), is the best established known risk factor for PCNSL.

Like other lesions of the brain, meninges, and eye, the presenting symptoms associated with PCNSL typically include focal neurological deficits related to the site of disease or more global consequences of increased intracranial pressure.

Diagnosis of PCNSL typically includes gadolinium-enhanced MRI and pathologic tissue analysis, as well as additional studies aimed at excluding concurrent systemic disease.

PCNSL typically has a worse overall prognosis than systemic lymphoma.

High-dose chemotherapy, particularly with methotrexate-based regimens, is the backbone of therapy for most patients, and chemotherapy is associated with much lower rates of treatment-related morbidity and mortality than whole-brain irradiation.

Treatment options for intraocular lymphoma parallel those for PCNSL elsewhere in the brain: systemic chemotherapy, radiation, and local delivery of cytotoxic and immunologically active agents such as anti-CD20 antibody.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

From a cohort of 9621 human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals, we identified 61 patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCL) who had a median survival of 1.3 months.

We compared clinicopathologic variables of patients who were treated in the pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and HAART eras and investigated whether exposure to antiretroviral agents with differing cerebrospinal fluid penetrations was associated with risk for PCL.

In the HAART era, fewer patients had prior acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining illnesses than in the pre-HAART era (64% versus 90%; P = .013), and patients were more likely to have the diagnosis of PCL confirmed histologically or by polymerase chain reaction (77% versus 26%; P<.001).

Exposure to specific antiretroviral agents was not associated with risk for PCL.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that affects the brain, spinal cord, leptomeninges, and eyes.

The clinical presentation and neuroimaging appearance of PCNSL differ in immunocompetent patients and in those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

A magnetic resonance (MR) image of the brain in immunocompetent patients with PCNSL typically demonstrates one or more homogeneously enhancing lesions located in the periventricular white matter, characteristically spanning the corpus callosum.

In patients with AIDS, multiple ring-enhancing lesions are more common.

After neuroimages raising the suspicion of PCNSL are obtained, a definitive diagnosis should be established in both immunocompetent and AIDS patients by performing pathological analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), vitreous fluid, or a biopsy specimen.

Brain biopsy sampling remains the gold standard for PCNSL diagnosis in all patients, although the possibility of establishing routine, minimally invasive diagnostic procedures in which Epstein-Barr virus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the CSF and nuclear imaging are used is currently under investigation in the population of patients with AIDS.

At the time of diagnosis, the patient should undergo further evaluation, which should include a physical examination, ophthalmic evaluation with a slit-lamp examination, serum lactate dehydrogenase levels, human immunodeficiency virus testing, computed tomography scans of the chest/abdomen/pelvis, bone marrow biopsy sampling, contrast-enhanced brain MR imaging, and lumbar puncture (LP).

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Prevalence of neurological complications in Japanese patients with AIDS after the introduction of HAART].

We investigated trends in neurological complications of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Japan after the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Two questionnaire surveys were performed in hospitals treating acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to compare two periods: immediately after the introduction of HAART (1999-2001); and a few years later (2002-3).

Neurological complications developed as the first AIDS-defining disease for 8.3% of AIDS patients in 1999-2001 and for 5.4% in 2002-3.

However, prevalences of cytomegalovirus encephalitis, PML and primary brain lymphoma did not decrease.

PML and primary brain lymphoma occurred in patients who received HAART and whose CD4 counts were relatively high during the study period.

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Cerebral Toxoplasmosis in a Patient with AIDS on F-18 FDG PET/CT.

The distinction between primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma and nonmalignant lesions due to opportunistic infections, in particular cerebral toxoplasmosis, is important because of the different treatments involved.

A 32-year-old patient with AIDS was hospitalized for intermittent headaches.

Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a small well-enhanced nodular lesion in the right frontal lobe.

We present a case of cerebral toxoplasmosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the usefulness of F-18 FDG PET/CT in the differential diagnosis of the cerebral toxoplasmosis will be discussed.

[Email]Email this result itemEmail the results to the following email address: [X] Close

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title]Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system: epidemiology, pathology and current approaches to diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.

An overview of the current approaches to the management of patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is provided.

Although accumulating evidence demonstrates that PCNSL is a curable type of brain tumor, in many cases establishing the diagnosis and overcoming chemotherapeutic resistance remain significant obstacles.

The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy has had a major impact on this disease in that the incidence of AIDS-related central nervous system lymphoma, once highly prevalent in the 1980s and 1990s, has now virtually disappeared.

The use of anti-CD20 antibody in this disease represents the first application of biologically based targeted therapies for PCNSL; however, the overall impact of this modality in brain lymphoma awaits further evaluation in ongoing studies The application of proteomic as well as gene expression technologies is yielding insights into PCNSL pathogenesis, in particular specific oncogenic pathways, which may be exploited to develop new therapies.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Survival after AIDSdiagnosis in Italy, 1999-2006: a population-based study.

OBJECTIVES: To provide survival estimates of Italian people with AIDS (PWA) in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era and to identify prognostic factors at diagnosis and illnesses present at death.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma at AIDSdiagnosis was the strongest negative prognostic factor, particularly in the first 12 months after AIDS (hazard ratio = 9.2, for primary brain lymphoma).

At death, non-AIDS-defining illnesses increased from 38.4% in 1999 to 56.9% in 2006, with non-AIDS-defining cancers rising from 3.7% to 8.7%.

CONCLUSIONS: Our study documented the prolonged survival of Italian PWA, the strong impact of non-Hodgkin lymphoma on mortality, and the increasing frequency of non-AIDS-defining illnesses at death.

[Publication-country] United States

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] HIV disorders of the brain: pathology and pathogenesis.

Approximately 16,000 new cases are diagnosed every day and almost 3 million people die every year from AIDS, making it the fourth leading cause of death in the world.

Since the introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) in the mid 1990s, the morbidity and mortality associated with HIV-1 infection has significantly decreased and AIDS has become a chronic disorder.

However, neuropathological conditions associatedwith AIDS are still present in approximately 70 to 90% of patients and can be the result of HIV itself or of opportunistic infections.

Here we briefly review the pathology and pathophysiology of AIDS-Encephalopathy, of some of the significant opportunistic infections affecting the brain in the context of AIDS, including Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) a demyelinating disease caused by the human neurotropic JC virus, Toxoplasmosis, Cryptococcosis and of primary CNS lymphoma, a brain malignancy frequently associated with HIV-1 infection, all of them considered AIDS defining conditions.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The interplay between pathology and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) expansion in brain tissues has not been thoroughly assessed in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era.

HIV-associated dementia (HAD) is marked by progressive brain infection due to recruitment and migration of macrophages in brain tissues; however, the cellular and viral events occurring prior to HAD development and death are under debate.

In this study, 66 brain tissues from 11 autopsies were analyzed to assess HIV-1 DNA concentration in brain tissues.

In most patients without HAD, it was impossible to amplify HIV-1 from brain tissues.

Amplifiable DNA was obtained from three cases of patients on HAART who died due to primary pathology other than HAD:.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Incidence and risk factors of HIV-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy: a European multicohort study.

BACKGROUND: Incidence and risk factors of HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are not well defined in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).

RESULTS: During the 212,042 person-years of follow-up, 521 patients were diagnosed with systemic NHL and 62 with primary brain lymphoma (PBL).

Suppression of HIV-1 replication on cART (HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.44-0.81, comparing < or =500 with 10,000-99,999 copies/ml) and increases in CD4(+) T-cell counts (HR 0.30, 0.22-0.42, comparing > or =350 with 100-199 cells/microl) were protective; a history of Kaposi's sarcoma (HR 1.70, 1.08-2.68, compared to no history of AIDS), transmission through sex between men (HR 1.57, 1.19-2.08, compared with heterosexual transmission) and older age (HR 3.71, 2.37-5.80, comparing > or =50 with 16-29 years) were risk factors for systemic NHL.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Unlike primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) in patients with AIDS or organ transplants, PCNSLs in the elderly are usually not considered to be mediated by Epstein Barr virus (EBV); hence, diagnostic studies for EBV are not routinely performed.

We encountered 4 patients, 65 years or older, who developed EBV-associated PCNSLs and who had been treated with a variety of immunosuppressive drugs for different autoimmune/collagen vascular disorders, including autoimmune polyneuropathy (mycophenolate mofetil for 5 years), polymyositis (prednisone for 16 years with intermittent methotrexate, azathioprine, and cyclophosphamide), myasthenia gravis (azathioprine >10 years), and rheumatoid arthritis (methotrexate >10 years).

All patients had multifocal, necrotic brain lesions typical of EBV-positive PCNSLs on neuroimaging.

The patient who had received mycophenolate mofetil was treated successfully for his EBV-associated PCNSL with rituximab and methotrexate, but later developed fatal systemic malignant melanoma, which was likely immunosuppression related.

The striking feature of these cases is the variety of underlying diseases-and hence accompanying medications-that can be associated with EBV-associated PCNSLs.

[Title] [The role of brain magnetic resonance studies in the diagnostics of central nervous system lesions in HIV-1 positive patients].

This group causes the greatest diagnostic difficulties among AIDS patients.

The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the usefulness of the magnetic resonance imaging (MR) of the central nervous system (CNS) in the diagnosis and differentiation of primary and secondary lesions.

In 40 of them AIDSdiagnosis was established based on the picture of CNS lesions.

RESULTS: Pathological findings were visible on MR of CNS in 37 (92.5%) of 40 patients with AIDS.

Del-LMP-1 was found in 44.4% of HIV-infected patients samples (20.7% alone and 23.7% co-infection with non-deleted form) while it was found in 25.3% (6.3% alone and 19% with co-infection) in HIV-negative individuals.

In all, PCNSL brain biopsies samples, del-LMP-1 always was detected with EBV-2, but more cases would have to be included to draw definitive conclusions.

Microglial and astrocytic reactions, but only subtle myelin pallor, were evident as individual tumor cells permeated the entire brain and spinal cord, albeit with considerable variation in cell density.

Individual tumor cells could be identified from the optic nerve to spinal cord, documenting the "whole-brain" nature of the disease.

CD20 immunostaining was necessary to fully appreciate the extent of individual lymphoma cell percolation through the white matter.

The neurobehavioral deficits manifested by these patients demonstrate that lymphomatosis cerebri is an additional neoplastic cause of white matter dementia and can be added to the growing list of disorders responsible for this syndrome.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Cerebral toxoplasmosis remains one of the most common focal brain lesions in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Diagnosis is a challenge because on cranial imaging it closely mimics central nervous system lymphoma, primary and metastatic central nervous system (CNS) tumors, or other intracranial infections like tuberculoma or abscesses.

Herein we correlate the underlying histopathology to the MR feature of eccentric target sign in a patient with autopsy-proven HIV/AIDS-related cerebral toxoplasmosis.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

We analyzed their characteristics at recruitment and the distribution of AIDS defining illnesses (ADI) prior to cohort entry and during follow up, according to their age at recruitment.

Delayed diagnosis was defined as a patient with AIDSdiagnosis and/or CD4+ cell count lower than 200 cells/microl within the first year after HIV diagnosis.

RESULTS: Of 4,418 patients included, 30.4% were < or =30 years old, 60.6% between 31 and 50 and 8.9% older than 50 at cohort entry; 31.6% of patients were immigrants (44.1% in the youngest group), 79.6% had been sexually transmitted and 15.2% had an AIDSdiagnosis at cohort entry (28.1% between those older than 50).

In 34.6% of cases there was a late diagnosis (53.3% in the oldest group).

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The high mutation rate of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) makes it difficult for any therapy employing a single anti-HIV targeting mechanism to sustain prolonged effect.

In an attempt to explore novel therapy for AIDS, we developed and tested lentiviral small interfering RNA (siRNA) vectors targeting multiple highly conserved regions in the HIV type 1 (HIV-1) genome.

Transduction of a long-term chronically infected human lymphoma cell line with lentiviral siRNAs resulted in stable inhibition of HIV-1 replication.

In addition, the viral RNA was inhibited in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments of [corrected] chronically infected cells after prolonged passage, suggesting that [corrected] lentiviral siRNAs have a nuclear effect [corrected] Using these lentiviral siRNA [corrected] vectors, we further demonstrated reduced replication kinetics of HIV-1 in primary human peripheral blood lymphocytes.

[Email]Email this result itemEmail the results to the following email address: [X] Close