Rājasthānī languages, group of Indo-Aryan languages and dialects spoken in the state of Rājasthān, India, and adjoining areas. There are four major groups: northeastern Mewātī, southern Mālvī, western Māṛwāṛī, and east-central Jaipurī.

Māṛwāṛī is the most extensive geographically. Rājasthān is a transition area between the Hindi areas on the east and the Gujarātī areas on the southwest; and Rājasthānī languages are not recognized as official media in the constitution of India. Instead, Hindi is used as the official language.

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Hindi is the official language of the state, and to some degree it has overshadowed the local languages of Rajasthan. Much of the state’s population, however, continues to speak Rajasthani languages, which comprise a group of Indo-Aryan languages and dialects derived from Dingal, a tongue in which bards once sang of the glories of their masters. The four main Rajasthani language groups are...