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Monday, December 7, 2015

Oldest known Gold Jewelry in Europe Discovered at Bronze Age Bulgarian site

What makes this truly important is that a hoard of gold is evidence itself of participation in an extended civilization. They knew gold was valuable. And wearing it as buttons in particular was an excellent form of security. This all means that the gold economy is at least 6500 years old.

I presume that this culture also participated in the copper trade as well which was then surely in its early stages of development. Their key commodity was salt used to preserve meat. Bully beef has one long history.

The extent of the hoard also strongly suggests that the trade was already a thousand years old allowing us to push this community back a plausible thousand years to 5500 BC. Again this coincides with other speculations. It is possible that this district also saw a Noah style colony established around 10,000 BC led by a series of long lived leaders for around 4500 years, after which all communities were mostly on their own and likely grasped sites securing trade advantages such as this one.

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Oldest known Gold Jewelry in Europe Discovered at Bronze Age Bulgarian site

The
first gold jewelry known to have been fashioned in Europe, about 6,600
years ago in Bulgaria, has been discovered in what the lead
archaeologist calls the oldest prehistoric town in Europe. The gold
pendant is small—just 2 grams—but it is an important find.

Archaeologists uncovered the precious piece in what they call
Solnitsata—a Bronze Age settlement near the town of Provadiya in the
Varna region that had two-story houses about 4,400 BC. The gold, plus
the houses and other developments prompted a researcher to speculate
that the people of northern Bulgaria were highly advanced.

“There used to be a highly developed civilization on
these territories. It was concentrated in two locations,” Solnitsata
lead archaeologist Vassil Nikolov of the Bulgarian National Institute of
Archaeology told Cherno More agency, as quoted
in The Daily Mail. “There was a major center for the processing of
copper and gold near the Varna lakes, and here, in the prehistoric
settlement Solnitsata, there was the extraction of salt. This society
developed for about 200-300 years.”

“What's interesting regarding the gold jewel that we have found now
is that it wasn't discovered inside one of the graves but between them,
which might testify to some kind of a more special ritual,” Professor
Nikolov told the Cherno More agency.

Other prehistoric gold artifacts have been discovered in the Varna
region, including in 1973 at the Varna Necropolis east of Provadia—the
world’s first known hoard of gold from about 4,400 BC.

The hoard from Varna, which is not far from
Solnitsata, is the oldest known cache of gold in Europe. (Photo by
Yelkrokoyade/Wikimedia Commons)

Professor Nikolov said the gold piece from Solnitsata may have been worn as a sign of status by either a man or a woman.

It is possible salt was used as currency before gold and other metals
were mined by these Bronze Age people, he said. Later ancient Rome paid
its legions in salt, from which is derived the word salary.In 2012, news outlets reported on researchers’ finding of
fortifications at Solnitsata, which led them to speculate, perhaps
presciently, that the site held riches. They found stone walls around
the settlement that measure 3 meters (10 feet) tall by 1.8 meters (6
feet) thick. Professor Nikolov told National Geographic the walls were
further evidence of an advanced Copper Age trade network in the Balkans.

The settlement of Solnitsata is the subject of
some dispute. The lead researcher there say it’s Europe’s oldest town,
but another archaeologist said he worked on bigger, older settlements in
Serbia. (National Geographic photo)

National Geographic wrote:

“Long before the first wheel rolled through Europe,
precious goods were likely crisscrossing the Balkans on pack animals
and possibly in carts with sledlike bottoms. Salt, essential for
preserving meats, joined gold and copper among the most prized cargo.
And with its rare and coveted brine springs, Solnitsata, near
present-day Provadiya,
was a key producer, boiling off the salt and baking it into
ready-to-trade blocks to supply its region with the essential mineral.”

A couple of archaeologists who did not work on the Solnitsata site
told National Geographic that they questioned whether it was truly
Europe’s oldest town. Estimates of the settlement’s population range
from 150 to 350.

The presence of the fortifications lends further credence to a theory
that the salt trade made southern Europe rich. Excavations at other
sites have bolstered the theory.

Featured image: This is the actual size of the gold piece made in
Bulgaria’s prehistoric fortified settlement of Solnitsata. (Photo: Trud daily)

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