This research is being done to to see if changes in visual reading function correlate with changes in optical and retinal image quality. We hypothesize that changes and deterioration in tear film quality and dynamics may have a negative effect on reading function.

To see if changes in visual reading function correlate with changes in optical and retinal image quality, secondary to changes in tear film dynamics [ Time Frame: 30 minutes ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

Measures tear film stability, and visual function will be taken before and after a sustained silent reading task. The reading task will take place over 30 minutes, and a comprehension assessment will be given after reading. After completion of the reading task, measures of corneal sensation and structural imaging will be performed. The results from each of 3 cohorts will be compared to ascertain the differences between those populations with and without dry eye.

Subjects with Sjogren's Syndrome

Measures tear film stability, and visual function will be taken before and after a sustained silent reading task. The reading task will take place over 30 minutes, and a comprehension assessment will be given after reading. After completion of the reading task, measures of corneal sensation and structural imaging will be performed. The results from each of 3 cohorts will be compared to ascertain the differences between those populations with and without dry eye.

Healthy Controls

Measures tear film stability, and visual function will be taken before and after a sustained silent reading task. The reading task will take place over 30 minutes, and a comprehension assessment will be given after reading. After completion of the reading task, measures of corneal sensation and structural imaging will be performed. The results from each of 3 cohorts will be compared to ascertain the differences between those populations with and without dry eye.

Eligibility

Ages Eligible for Study:

50 Years to 89 Years

Genders Eligible for Study:

Both

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Yes

Sampling Method:

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

We plan to recruit 30 subjects from 3 populations (dry eye, Sjogren's, and healthy controls). Subjects will be recruited regardless of gender, race, or ethnicity; and enrollment will based on specific criteria as described below.

Criteria

General inclusion criteria for all subjects will include:

Ages 50 to 89 years

Capacity to give informed consent.

Self-reported literacy (i.e. a "Yes" answer to the question "Have you learned how to read?")

Additional inclusion criteria for the dry eye group will include both of the below:

A previous diagnosis of dry eye syndrome by an eyecare specialist

Ocular Surface Disease Index total scoring of 13 or above

Additional inclusion criteria for the Sjögren's syndrome group will include:

- A previous diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome by an immunology specialist, per ACR criteria 22

Additional inclusion criteria for normal control subjects will include:

History of taking or current use of topical prescription anti-inflammatory eyedrops (including, cyclosporine and steroids as well as any glaucoma eyedrops). Subjects who are willing to discontinue their treatment for at least a period of 30 days can be placed on a "wash out period" as per the discretion of the investigator and subject safety, and be eligible at the end of this period, given all other criteria have been met. Otherwise, subjects on these medications will be excluded.

Contacts and Locations

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To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below.
For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02031172