This external agent has been named ‘Makka’ or ‘Mashaka’ which resembles Anopheles mosquito .

Malaria During Pregnancy :

Pregnant women have an increased risk of infection and parasitaemia may be great due to altered immunity .

Malarial parasites may cross placenta , particularly in non – immune mothers leading to congenital malaria . The parasites infest placenta and intervillous spaces become blocked .So , there is diminished blood flow to the fetus . This is mostly seen with Plasmodium falciparum and in the second half of pregnancy .

Effect of Malaria on Mother :

a) Anaemia due to hemolysis and Folic Acid deficiency .

b) Hypoglycemia – due to increased glucose consumption both by the host and parasite .

c) Metabolic Acidosis .

d) Jaundice – due to hepatic dysfunction .

e) Renal Failure – due to block of renal microcirculation .

f) Pulmonary edema and Respiratory distress .

g) Convulsions and Coma .

Risk and severity of infection are high due to immune compromised state and Complications are high .

Effect on Fetus :

a) Abortion

b) Preterm Labor

c) Pre maturity

d) IUGR ( Intrauterine growth retardation )

e) IUFD ( Intrauterine fetal death )

MANAGEMENT :

Preventive Measures :

Pyrethroid impregnated mosquito nets and electrically heated mats should be used .