المحتوى العلمي: Thermodynamic systems and static
variables - Types of thermodynamic processes - Thermodynamic equilibrium - Work in thermodynamic - Internal energy of a gas - Point and path functions - First law of thermodynamics and conservation of energy -Applications of the first law in different
processes - Enthalpy - Surface energy - Transformation of heat into work and thermal efficiency - Heat engines - Carnot cycle and refrigerator - Second law of thermodynamics