Many Stroke Survivors Consider Suicide

One in 12 stroke survivors thought about suicide or that they would be better off dead, a troubling federal survey reveals. That's more than those with other health problems such as heart attacks or cancer, and it suggests that depression after stroke is more serious than many had realized.

"It was surprising" and shows a need for more treatment, says the study's leader, Amytis Towfighi of the Univ. of Southern California. "When patients have their depression treated they're more motivated to take their medication, do therapy and live a full life."

More than 6 million Americans have had a stroke; about 800,000 occur each year in the U.S. Studies suggest that up to a third of stroke survivors develop depression, but few have looked at suicidal thoughts — one sign of how serious it is.

"It's not necessarily active suicidal thoughts with a plan, but perhaps wishing you hadn't survived the event," Towfighi explains.

She used the National Health and Nutrition Surveys, a government project that gives checkups and questionnaires to a representative sample of adults. More than 17,000 people were surveyed from 2005 through 2010.

They included 678 who had suffered a stroke; 758 who had had a heart attack; 1,242 with cancer, and 1,991 with diabetes. Researchers don't know how long ago these problems occurred of if people were still being treated for them.

They were asked a question that many studies use to gauge suicidal thinking: "Over the last two weeks, how often have you been bothered by thoughts that you would be better off dead, or of hurting yourself?"

About 8 percent of stroke survivors reported such thoughts, compared to 6 percent of heart attack survivors, 5 percent of those with diabetes and 4 percent with cancer.

Suicidal thoughts were more likely in people who scored high on depression tests, were younger, overweight, less educated, poor, female or unmarried.

Depression may develop partly because strokes damage the very thing that controls mood — the brain, says a neurologist with no role in the study, Brian Silver of Brown Univ. and Rhode Island Hospital.

"It's not necessarily the reaction to the disease... it's also the disease itself that is causing the depression," by releasing harmful chemicals that can trigger it, he says.

Suicidal thinking is a well-known problem, but this study "puts a number on it" and shows the need to watch for and treat it, Silver says.