Three main vantage points are brought together in this chapter: (1) Israel’s relatively good economic performance in recent years – at least, in comparison with other Western countries that have still not emerged from the recession; (2) motivations for the wave of social protests that erupted in Israel in the summer of 2011, and; (3) the big picture, which is the primary one, incorporating the first two vantage points with additional issues, and framing them within long-run and international contexts. This third vantage point focuses on the very problematic trajectories that Israel has been on for decades and the state of some of the country’s primary infrastructures – human capital and transportation – that underlie these trajectories. Space limitations do not make it possible to provide a full exposition of all three vantage points here. However, the conventional socioeconomic discussion in Israel often makes it difficult to see the forest for the trees. Hence, the emphasis here is on a perspective from a vantage point far above, so that it will be possible to see, to understand, and to internalize the magnitude and the implications of the entire picture.