The Indus River Valley The people in the Indus River Valley followed the same set of rules and had very organized cities which allowed them to live for 1000 years. The Indus River Valley took place in India. India was east of the Fertile Crescent and had two large cities. India was 900 miles long and 250 miles wide. Some reasons why a great civilization between 2500 B.C – 1500 B.C thrived there was the advanced nature of arts, science, religion, and culture.

One reason why a great civilization thrived there was the arts that they had. In the Indus River Valley there were craft makers. They made jewelry and decorated pottery. Games in India at this time were made out of stones. The men at this time worked at a farming place or crafts place. They either made pots or jewelry. The men also were running the country as their job. The sons of the fathers had to learn what their father was doing and the generation was being passed down. The potters in the city of Mohenjo Daro made their pottery from wheels not from their hands. The seal makers in this city usually put animals or people as a design on the seals. There was also the economics that was a reason. People started to trade and live in larger groups. They traded food and raw material for making things. Pottery, jewelry, gold, and wood were also traded. Decorated pots were often traded along the Indus River. Towns near the coast often became trading towns because they were the closest to the water where there were boats to trade things.

Another reason why a great civilization thrived there was the sciences they had. The people in the Indus River Valley had baked mud bricks. With these mud bricks they made shelter, drains, wells, walls, and cities. This was brick technology. In India there was a lower town and upper town. In the lower town there was a large walled area of small houses that were all similar. Ordinary people lived here and worked around here. There was also...

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The IndusValley Civilization (IVC) was a Bronze Age civilization (3300–1300 BCE; mature period 2600–1900 BCE) extending from what today is northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and northwest India (see map).[1] Along with Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia it was one of three early civilizations of the Old World, and of the three the most widespread.[2] covering an area of 1.25 million sq km [3] It flourished in the basins of the IndusRiver, one of the major rivers of Asia, and the Ghaggar-Hakra River, which once coursed through northwest India and eastern Pakistan.[4]
At its peak, the Indus Civilization may have had a population of over five million. Inhabitants of the ancient Indusrivervalley developed new techniques in handicraft (carnelian products, seal carving) and metallurgy (copper, bronze, lead, and tin). The Indus cities are noted for their urban planning, baked brick houses, elaborate drainage systems, water supply systems, and clusters of large non-residential buildings.[5]
The...

...The IndusValley Civilization
About IndusValley Civilization
The earliest traces of civilization in the Indian subcontinent are to be found in places along, or close, to the IndusRiver. Excavations first conducted in 1921-22, in the ancient cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, both now in Pakistan, pointed to a highly complex civilization that first developed some 4,500-5,000 years ago, and subsequent archaeological and historical research has now furnished us with a more detailed picture of the IndusValley Civilization and its inhabitants. The IndusValley people were most likely Dravidians, who may have been pushed down into south India when the Aryans, with their more advanced military technology, commenced their migrations to India around 2,000 BCE.
Let’s find out what they have discovered!
Location of the Indusvalley civilization
The IndusValley Civilization was located in the north-western region of the Indian subcontinent, consisting of what is now mainly modern day Pakistan and northwest India. Flourishing around the IndusRiver basin, the civilization primarily centred along the Indus and the Punjab region, extending into the Rivervalley and the Ganges-Yamuna Doab....

...IndusValley Art and Architecture
Architecture:
City planning:
The overall layout of the Indus is based on a grid of right angles. Large streets run in straight lines in north-south directions and are crossed by smaller streets in an east-west direction. The large streets were 33 feet wide and smaller streets ranged from 9 to 12 feet in length. The division of space into separate blocks is seen not only in the layout of the streets but also in house plans, the designs on pottery as well as the diagrams on seals. In contrast to this, the layout of early Mesopotamian cities was quite irregular.
The idea of settlement planning was already well established before 2600 BC and is seen in all the settlements through the Indus. Each city is made up of a series of walled sectors or mounds with massive brick gateways. The orientation of the Indus cities along a north-south and east-west direction was probably linked to religious beliefs.
Drainage:
Well laid out streets and side lanes with drains are one of the outstanding features of the Indus cities, even in smaller towns and villages.
The drains, made of brick, connected the baths and toilets of private houses to medium sized drains in the side streets. These flowed into larger drains in the main streets that were covered with brick and or stone blocks, which were...

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12 June 2014
What Attributed to The Rise of The IndusValley Civilization
More than four thousand years earlier there thrived a civilization within the Punjab and Sindh regions of Northwest India and Pakistan. This civilization was named after the main river of the region the IndusRiver. It was called as the Indusvalley civilization. This civilization had an area much larger than the Egypt and Mesopotamia civilization jointly (A.L.Basham).
The researchers have given different names to this civilization. However, the most widespread title is the “Harappan” civilization. Later, another larger site was discovered near “Harrappa” called Mohenjo Daro meaning the “Mound of the Dead” in the local language. Hence, the researchers have termed these sites jointly and named it as the “Indus” civilization.
The Indus Civilization was situated nearby the Himalaya Mountains on the floodplains of Indus and Saraswati rivers. The land was very fertile, and the warm, temperate climate bequeathed upon the region. Type of weather and the topography helped this valley to become the most prosperous granary in north part of India. These fertile floodplains proved promising for young fledgling agriculturalists.
It is very evident from the archaeological records that the people of the Indus did not waste any of...

...The IndusValley Civilization was one of the world's first great urban civilizations, existing from 3000 B.C.E to 1500 B.C.E. During their time they have contributed much to the history of the world through their influences on culture, religion, government, social structure, economy and technology.
The IndusValley Civilization was located along the rivervalleys of the Indus, Ravi, and Sutlej. In its spread, this civilization was bigger than the Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations, stretching over an area of 1,260,000 km, comprising the whole of modern day Pakistan and parts of modern day India and Afghanistan. This civilization is called the IndusValley Civilization as the earlier sites were found in IndusValley. However, later, as a few sites were found outside IndusValley, certain historians felt that it would be more appropriate to call it Harappan Civilization after the first site of its type discovered in 1921 was in Harappa.
The people of the Indus Civilization lived in well built houses, many of which contained both kitchens and bathrooms. They were highly hygienic. Agriculture was a major part of their society and culture, their primary diet included: wheat, barley, milk products, fruits, vegetables, meat, fish, and eggs. In order to keep themselves...

...IndusValley Civilization.
The earliest traces of civilization in the Indian subcontinent are to be found in places along, or close, to the Indusriver. Excavations first conducted in 1921-22, in the ancient cities of Harappa and Mohenjodaro, both now in Pakistan, pointed to a highly complex civilization that first developed some 4,500-5,000 years ago, and subsequent archaeological and historical research has now furnished us with a more detailed picture of the IndusValley Civilization and its inhabitants. The IndusValley people were most likely Dravidians, who may have been pushed down into south India when the Aryans, with their more advanced military technology, commenced their migrations to India around 2,000 BCE. Though the IndusValley script remains undeciphered down to the present day, the numerous seals discovered during the excavations, as well as statuary and pottery, not to mention the ruins of numerous IndusValley cities, have enabled scholars to construct a reasonably plausible account of the IndusValley Civilization.Some kind of centralized state, and certainly fairly extensive town planning, is suggested by the layout of the great cities of Harappa and Mohenjodaro. The same kind of burnt brick appears to have been used in the construction of buildings in...

...From roughly 2300 BC until 1500 BC the IndusValley civilizations thrived in what is now modern-day Pakistan. The first excavations of the IndusValley, began by archaeologist Mortimer Wheeler, began in 1921-1922 and uncovered important information of the highly complex civilization. One of the main cities was called Harappa.
Harappa, like Mohenjo-Daro, grew along the IndusRiver. It came into existence earlier than and lasted longer than the southern city of Mohenjo-Daro. It was well known for its surprisingly advanced town planning. Each town and city was structured like a grid with wide streets which ran perpendicular to one another. Between the large streets were smaller connecting lanes, which were lined with houses. The streets were anywhere from 13 to 30 feet wide and the lanes were between 3.5 to 7 feet wide. The city of Harappa was oriented toward true north, with its main streets running from north to west and the connecting streets running east to west. This city plan demonstrates the civilization’s early knowledge of astronomy.
Harappa was divided into two sections- upper town and lower town. Upper town consisted of a well-fortified citadel which sat on a 40-foot-high mound with a 45-foot-thick brick embankment. The citadel served as a community center in times of peace and a fortress in times of trouble. The existence of the citadel (along with the well planned city)...

...﻿The Indusrivervalley is now Pakistan and extends into modern day Indian states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, and Punjab. The Indusrivervalley is a big flood area. There was a huge flood that killed thousands of people, others were injured and 150,000 evacuated. In the future, something like this could happen again due to the unpredictable flooding of the IndusRiver. There could also be greater problems like water scarcity, droughts, and food shortages because of the growing population and melting Himalayan glaciers. Another problem is that the waters of the Indus are shared or competed with Pakistan and india. The less water for irrigation, drinking and energy production in the region, the more likely it is that there is conflict between these two nuclear states. Indeed, despite the ethnic and political tensions that have existed between these countries since Pakistan's founding, it could well be that water rather than religion or border disputes is the most likely trigger of future fighting, a prospect made deeply unsettling given the arsenal these two massive nations possess.
The U.S. and the international community have responded generously in the wake of the Pakistan flood crisis. America's $7.5 billion aid effort is a step in the right direction. But it is only a tiny fraction of the several tens of billions that are needed to...