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Nowy Targ

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Translated by Yocheved Klausner

History and Memories

Photographs

10

Our book of remembrance

Shoshana Ben-Ami (Natowitz)

13

This book – as a monument to Podhale Jewry

Zvi Nir (Gerstner)

14

Editor's Foreword

Michael Walzer-Fass

15

Map of Podhale

18

History of the Jewish community in Nowy-Targ (Neu-Mark)

Dr. Avraham Chomet

19

History of the Jewish community in Nowy-Targ (Neu-Mark) [Y]

Dr. Avraham Chomet

26

Nowy-Targ, our town

Dr. Zvi [Herman] Kolber

35

a. After annexation by Austria

36

b. The new laws

37

c. The economic activities: commerce, idustry and handicraft

37

d. The competition between Poles and Jews

41

e. Clerks and free professions

42

f. The religious and public life

45

g. Rabbis, judges in religious court and slaughterers

46

h. The Great Synagogue and other prayer houses

48

i. The cemetery

50

j. The schools in town

51

k. Financial institutions

53

l. Merchants' organizations

54

m. Public organizations

54

n. The relationship with the Polish population

55

o. The Podhale Jews during First World War

56

p. Lenin lived in a village near Nowy-Targ

56

q. Army headquarters in town

58

r. The awakening of the Jewish national movement

60

From days past

Leopold Trepper

62

Nowy-Targ, my hometown

Kalman Shimon Dagan

67

The national-religious movement in Nowy-Targ

Yitzhak Neri (Licht)

73

a. The Yavne School

74

b. The Mizrahi movement

76

c. The young Mizrahi and Beruria

76

d. Hashomer Hadati [the religious Hashomer] movement

78

The Hasidic Nowy-Targ

Zvi Nir (Gerstner)

80

The Hashomer Hadati in Nowy-Targ

Zvi Nir (Gerstner)

81

Hashomer Hatza'ir in Nowy-Targ

Sabina Lahav (Ernst)

85

Memories from the Akiva movement in Nowy-Targ

Shoshana Ben-Ami

92

Akiva in Podhale

Genia Makovitz-Rand

99

My Aliya to Eretz Israel

Hela Miller-Asam

101

The library: core of social activity in Nowy-Targ

Y. Traunstein

103

The library in Nowy-Targ

Chava Langer-Hauser

104

Hagibor - Jewish sports club in Nowy-Targ

Baruch Remer

106

Thursday, market day in ourtown

Shoshana Ben-Ami

109

Antisemitism in Nowy-Targ

Shoshana Ben-Ami

111

Skirmish at dawn ...

Yanek Langer

113

Things I remember

David Goldberg

115

My town Nowy-Targ

Michael Bergman

116

Memories from days of long ago

Moshe Gevirtz

118

A bundle of memories

Yosef Dranger

119

My town Nowy-Targ

Shoshana Lieberman

120

Jewish life in the Podhale district

Yehuda Bladgreen

121

Our towns in Podhale

Yehuda Bladgreen

125

There was a town called Zakopane

Anna Pollak-Fass

127

The contribution of Jewish Zakopane

Munek Piwok

131

The activity of the Jewish Youth in Zakopane

Moshe Geminder

133

The town Ravka Zdroi

Yosef Geller (Gil)

135

The Lunezko community

Mordecai Schein

138

My town Krostchenko

Moshe Aharon Ziskind

139

a. Regional institutions

140

b. The synagogue in town

141

c. The Jewish youth movements

143

My town Stchawnica

Rav Meir Refael Zigler

146

A chapter from my childhood

Hela Miller-Asam

147

Rabbis, Personalities, Figures and Families

Rav Yakov Yokel Hirsch

Zvi Nir (Gerstner)

150

In memory of rabbi Israel David

Yehuda Gerstner

152

Rav R'Israel Schreiber (Jardanov)

"Oholei Shem"

152

Rav R'Eli Eichenstein (Zakopane)

"Oholei Shem"

152

In memory of a young scholar who perished

Yosef Friedensohn

153

R'Shimon Englander

Yitzhak Hammer

156

Persons from a world that is no more...

Dr. Zvi Kolber

158

a. Dr. Herman Schein

158

b. Dr. Bernhard Cohen

159

c. Ignatz Hammerschlag

160

d. Herman Zvi Fischgrund

161

In memory of those no longer with us

Moshe Rand

162

The history of one family

Zvi Eliezri-Lazarkowitz

164

In memory of my parents, Tontcha and Shlomo Greenspan

Chaia Greenspan-Mehlman

167

My mother

Chana Green-Gevirtz

168

To Mother

Hela Miller-Asam

170

A monument on the road (remembering Moshe Beldinger)

Sara Krein-Mark

171

Our house in Deluga St. 132

Sara Krein-Mark

172

Memories from my childhood

David Goldberg

174

My home

Yosef Drenger

178

The members of my family

Gila Knippel-Sprei

179

Young boys tell their stories

Ioachim Traunstein

180

In memory of my parents and brother

Yoel Braunfeld (Bar-Shira)

181

The home of Yosef and Malka (Englender) Ziskind

Moshe Aharon Ziskind

182

Dr. Barthold

Baruch Fass, Dr. Zvi Herman Kolber

183

Yosef Folkman

Dr. Zvi Herman Kolber

184

Memories from a visit to Tcharni-Dunaitz

Michael Waltzer-Fass

185

In the mountains

Menachem Stempel

188

The Holocaust

A. Nowy-Targ on the eve of the German invasion

Dr. David Yacobovitz

190

Occupation by the German Army and transfer of Jews as hostages to Germany

191

The murders of the "Einsatz Gruppe Wien"

192

The first anti-Semitic decrees

193

The Jewish Council

194

A Jewish quarter

195

Labor camps, and more persecutions

196

Murders during the years 1940-41, the first "Aktzia"s

198

The last days before deportation

202

The final Aktzia, the massacre in the cemetery

203

The last road to extermination - the labor camp in Nowy-Targ

206

Nowy-Targ Jews in the Plashow camp

210

Reasons for the total annihilation of the Nowy-Targ community

211

The destruction of the Nowy-Targ cemetery

214

B. Zakopane (the deportation of the Jews from Zakopane and surroundings, the Gestapo headquarters at the Palace Hotel, the Stuag labor camp, the verdict of the Court)

216

C. Ravka (the first period of the Nazi rule, the Aktzia against the Ravka Jews, other Aktzias in the forest near the SS School)

221

D. Jordanow (the town during the first days of the German army invasion, the cruel Aktzias, murders in the Jordanow cemetery)

226

E. Stchawnica

232

F. Krushtchenko on the Dunaytz

233

G. Tcharny-Dunaytz

234

H. Makow-Podalski

235

What happened in the Nowy-Targ area after liberation

237

Additional reports from the time of destruction

240

The Judenrat in Zakopane

Alexander Ben-Ami

244

My story during the Holocaust

Chana Hornung Grasgreen

250

From the testimony of Marian Derlich

252

Memories from those days

Avraham Riger

256

The day of the deportation

Nachum Back

260

In a Soviet concentration camp during the war

Moshe Sinai

262

Fragments of memories from the war

Moshe Rand

262

Murders on Tish'a Be'av

Herta Greenspan-Natowitz

264

Fragments of memories from the time of the Holocaust

Frania Tieger (Netzer)

265

The town Ravka during the first period of the Nazi rule (the establishment of the SS School, reorganization of the school, the first Aktzia, the following Aktzias, the murder of a transport of religious Jews, Rosenbaum's behavior toward his servants, Rosenbaum and his helpers' crimes, the final Aktzia, sending information to the free world, the fate of the Jews in the labor camp, Rosenbaum's trial, echoes of the trial in the Hamburg press, the fate of the other Ravka criminals)

Dr. David Yacobovitz

268

Rosenbaum's release from prison (memorandum to the German Embassy, stormy discussions in the press and the Hamburg Parliament, resignation of the Minister of Justice and Rosenbaum's return to prison)