..Early onset of mood symptoms in bipolar disorder has been associated with poor outcome in many studies; however, the factors that might contribute to poor outcome have not been adequately investigated...

Depressive illness burden associated with complex polypharmacy in patients with bipolar disorder: findings from the STEP-BD

..To quantify the impact of citalopram and other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on corrected QT interval (QTc), a marker of risk for ventricular arrhythmia, in a large and diverse clinical population...

Incident user cohort study of risk for gastrointestinal bleed and stroke in individuals with major depressive disorder treated with antidepressants

..The present study explores whether this subset of patients is also more likely to experience recurrence or worsening of these symptoms during a second treatment trial with a different antidepressant...

Using electronic medical records to enable large-scale studies in psychiatry: treatment resistant depression as a model

..Electronic medical records (EMR) provide a unique opportunity for efficient, large-scale clinical investigation in psychiatry. However, such studies will require development of tools to define treatment outcome...

Treatment of bipolar disorder: the evolving role of atypical antipsychotics

..Considering data from recent clinical studies that have compared the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of medications for bipolar mania both between and within classes may facilitate such treatment decisions...

..These results indicate that certain clinical features may be associated with greater risk of transition from depression to manic or mixed states, but the majority of them are not specific to antidepressant-treated patients...

Prevalence of incompletely penetrant Huntington's disease alleles among individuals with major depressive disorder

..It has been suggested that patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who display pretreatment features suggestive of bipolar disorder or bipolar spectrum features might have poorer treatment outcomes...

Stability of symptoms across major depressive episodes in bipolar disorder

..Symptoms of bipolar disorder are increasingly recognized among children and adolescents, but little is known about the course of bipolar disorder among adults who experience childhood onset of symptoms...

When is pharmacogenetic testing for antidepressant response ready for the clinic? A cost-effectiveness analysis based on data from the STAR*D study

..These circumstances, particularly availability of alternative treatment strategies and test effect sizes, can be estimated and should be considered before these tests are broadly applied in clinical settings...

Atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of mania: a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials

..Medical comorbidity thus does not appear to be associated with significantly poorer outcome among patients whose major depressive disorder failed initially to respond to an initial trial of 20 mg/day of fluoxetine...

Prevalence and clinical correlates of irritability in major depressive disorder: a preliminary report from the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression study

..Given the heritability of BP disorder, the lack of agreement between studies emphasizes that susceptibility alleles are likely to be modest in effect size and require even larger samples for detection...

..Prior studies examining this may be confounded by the co-existence of functional bowel symptoms. Limited data exist examining an association between depression or anxiety and disease-specific endpoints such as bowel surgery...

..Body weight increase during long-term treatment with olanzapine in schizophrenia patients is well documented, but weight gain and its association with other medical measures are less well evaluated in bipolar disorder patients...

..Only rs4792888 in CRHR1 showed modest evidence of association with duloxetine response in MDD (P=0.029 in GAD, P=0.054 in MDD). In conclusion, CRHR1 variation merits investigation in pathophysiology of anxiety and its treatment response...

..In an open trial, we investigated the efficacy of triiodothyronine (T(3)) adjuvant to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD) resistant to SSRI treatment...

Impact of substance use disorders on recovery from episodes of depression in bipolar disorder patients: prospective data from the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder (STEP-BD)

..Antidepressants treat major depressive disorder (MDD) with the burden of associated side effects and difficulties with compliance. The purpose of this article is to review the efficacy and effectiveness of antidepressants for MDD...

Antidepressant dose reduction and the risk of relapse in major depressive disorder

..Draft DSM-5 criteria for a mixed major depressive episode have been proposed, but their predictive validity has not yet been established. We hypothesized that such symptoms would be associated with poorer antidepressant treatment outcomes...

Multi-locus genome-wide association analysis supports the role of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the etiology of major depressive disorder

..This result is consistent with previous studies that support a role of the glutamatergic system in synaptic plasticity and MDD and support the potential utility of targeting glutamatergic neurotransmission in the treatment of MDD...

..This approach remains extremely controversial because of the complexity of the genetic structure of the human population, the complexity of gene-environment interactions, and the complexity of the meanings of race in the United States...

A survey of antidepressant prescribing practices in major depression with comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

George I PapakostasJ Clin Psychopharmacol 26:216-8. 2006

A 24-week open-label extension study of olanzapine-fluoxetine combination and olanzapine monotherapy in the treatment of bipolar depression

..Our goal was to test the hypothesis that BPD is characterized by impairments in adjusting behavior as a function of prior reinforcement history, particularly in the presence of residual anhedonic symptoms...