Pronation is the rolling of the foot from heel to toe through the foot strike. A proper or neutral pronation is hitting the outside of the heel and up to ball of your foot evenly across the front. This is how your footreduces the stress of impact.

Underpronation is not enough evening out so the outside of your foot takes most of the shock instead of finishing in the neutral position.

Overpronation is too much roll across from the outside to the inside of your foot.

To determine your level of pronation, look at your shoes you walk or run in. Most everyone will begin on the outside of the heel, the real indicator would be the wear on the forefoot.

If most of the shoe wear is:

On the medial (inside) side then you Overpronate and probably need to choose Motion-Control Running Shoes

Another method of determining pronation and, ultimately, foot type is by checking your arch height. The easiest way to figure out your arch height is by using the Wet Test. To take the test, wet the bottom of each footand stand normally on a paper bag. After a minute or so, step off and observe the imprint left by your foot. (Trace the outline with a pencil if you want to look at it later.)

You have a normal arch (neutral pronation) if:

There's a distinct curve along the inside of your foot with a band a little less than half the width of your foot connecting the heel and toe.

You have a low arch (flat feet/overpronator) if:

There's not much of a curve along the inside of your foot and your imprint shows almost the entire foot. People with low arches are more likely to overpronate (roll too far inward), which can lead to overuse injuries.

You have a high arch (underpronator) if:

There's a very sharp curve along the inside of your foot and your imprint shows a very thin band between your heel and toe. People with high arches typically don't pronate enough.

Now that you've determined your foot type and degree of pronation, one other important characteristic you'll need to look for is shoe shape. You can see the shape most clearly by looking at the bottom of the shoe.

Typically, running shoes come in three shapes (straight, semi-curved and curved) which correspond to the three types of prints revealed by the wet test. Most experts believe that:

Overpronators should choose a running shoe with a Straight shape.

Underpronators should choose a running shoe with a Curved shape.

Normal/Neutral pronators should chooose a running shoe with a Semi-Curved shape.

If you have flat feet and overpronate, choose a Motion-Control running shoe. Motion control shoes prevent your foot from rolling in too far, have a straight shape that gives maximum support to your foot and are the most rigid, control-oriented running shoes.

If you have high-arched feet and underpronate, you should choose a Cushioned running shoe. Cushioned shoes allow your feet to roll inward (absorbing shock), have a curved shape to encourage foot motion and have the softest midsole with the least medial support.

If you have normal arches and pronate normally, choose a Stability running shoe. Stability shoes offer a good blend of cushioning, medial support and durability. They often have a semi-curved shape and don't control foot motion as strictly as motion-control shoes.

If you've followed all the steps listed above, you probably have a pretty good idea of what type of running shoe you should be looking for. However, it still pays to go to a specialty running store (at least for your first running shoe purchase). The people who work in these stores are knowledgeable and will guide you to the appropriate shoe models.

Here are some tips for a successful running shoe shopping trip.

Shop in the late afternoon when your feet are at their largest. Your feet will expand while running.

Bring your old shoes with you when you go shopping. Shoe wear will assist the salesperson in determining your degree of pronation.

Wear or buy the socks you'll wear when you run.

If you wear orthotics, bring them also. You need to see how the shoe fits with the orthotic inside.

Do NOT make the most common mistake new runners make by buying the latest fad shoe. It is highly likely this will not be the ideal shoe for you.

Make sure the salesperson measures both of your feet. Often, one foot is slightly larger than the other. You should be fitted for the larger foot.

Before you try on any shoes, the salesperson should (at least) ask you the following questions to help you select the right running shoe model.

How long have you been running?

How much mileage are you doing per week?

Are you training for a particular event?

Where do you do most of your running?

How much do you weigh?

Are you aware of any foot problems (i.e. flat feet, over- or underpronation)?

Based on your answers, the salesperson will direct you to various models that will fit your needs and help you select some for you to try.

A proper fit is THE most important step in finding the right running shoe. A shoe that fits will be snug but not tight. A common mistake that's a killer is to buy shoes that are too small.

Use the following guidelines to ensure a proper fit.

Check for adequate room at the toebox by pressing your thumb into the shoe just above your longest toe. Your thumb should fit between the end of your toe and the top of the shoe.

Check for adequate room at the widest part of your foot. The shoe shouldn't be tight, but your foot shouldn't slide around, either.

The heel of your foot should fit snugly against the back of the shoe without sliding up or down as you walk or run.

The upper (part of shoe that wraps around and over the top of the foot) should fit snugly and securely without irritating or pressing too tightly on any area of the foot.

Once you've found running shoes that feel right, walk/jog/run in them as much as you can. Some stores have a treadmill, others allow a run around the parking lot and some don't let you do anything other than bounce up and down. You need to feel the shoes in action.