Comments on Mass

Mass is both a property of a physical body and a measure of its resistance to acceleration (a change in its state of motion) when a net force is applied. It also determines the strength of its mutual gravitational attraction to other bodies. The basic SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg).

Mass is the inertial property of matter [see Comments on Inertia]. It manifests in very high frequency regions of the field, where cycles are squeezed very tightly together. The greater is the mass the higher is the frequency gradient with respect to the surrounding field. This frequency gradient acts as force during interactions.

In physics, mass is not the same as weight, even though mass is often determined by measuring the object’s weight using a spring scale, rather than balance scale comparing it directly with known masses. An object on the Moon would weigh less than it does on Earth because of the lower gravity, but it would still have the same mass. This is because weight is a force, while mass is the property that (along with gravity) determines the strength of this force.

Mass is the tightness of cycles at very high frequencies. Weight appears when the frequency gradient of mass interacts.

In Newtonian physics, mass can be generalized as the amount of matter in an object. However, at very high speeds, special relativity states that the kinetic energy of its motion becomes a significant additional source of mass. Thus, any stationary body having mass has an equivalent amount of energy, and all forms of energy resist acceleration by a force and have gravitational attraction. In modern physics, matter is not a fundamental concept because its definition has proven elusive.

Very high speeds are meaningless if the associated acceleration is zero. They have meaning only when there is acceleration or deceleration during interactions. This little fact modifies the theory of relativity.

There are several distinct phenomena which can be used to measure mass. Although some theorists have speculated that some of these phenomena could be independent of each other, current experiments have found no difference in results regardless of how it is measured:

Inertial mass measures an object’s resistance to being accelerated by a force (represented by the relationship F = ma).

During acceleration, matter moves through the surrounding field. The interaction of its frequency gradient with the surrounding field appears as the “resistance” called inertia. This “resistance” is equal to the force generating the acceleration. The ratio of force to acceleration provides a measure of inertial mass.

The gravitational force occurs between two material objects separated by field. This force is manifestation of the frequency gradients of masses with the surrounding field. Newton’s formula for gravitation then provides a measure of gravitational mass.

Passive gravitational mass measures the gravitational force exerted on an object in a known gravitational field.

Gravitational force is essentially a measure of the frequency gradient between the mass region and the surrounding field.

The mass of an object determines its acceleration in the presence of an applied force. The inertia and the inertial mass describe the same properties of physical bodies at the qualitative and quantitative level respectively, by other words, the mass quantitatively describes the inertia. According to Newton’s second law of motion, if a body of fixed mass m is subjected to a single force F, its acceleration a is given by F/m. A body’s mass also determines the degree to which it generates or is affected by a gravitational field. If a first body of mass mAis placed at a distance r (center of mass to center of mass) from a second body of mass mB, each body is subject to an attractive force Fg = GmAmB/r2, where G = 6.67×10−11 N kg−2 m2 is the “universal gravitational constant”. This is sometimes referred to as gravitational mass. Repeated experiments since the 17th century have demonstrated that inertial and gravitational mass are identical; since 1915, this observation has been entailed a priori in the equivalence principle of general relativity.

Mass exists in a region of the field because of the tightness of the very high frequency cycles. The frequency gradient of this mass with the surrounding low frequency field determines the force required to move it through the field. This is perceived as inertia.

There is definite relationship between two masses and the relative frequency gradient, which determines the gravitational force between them. The distance between them is part of that combined frequency gradient.