Chapter 13 Learning Objectives (Ap American History, Apush)

1. Describe the conditions of the western "borderlands" of the 1830s as well as the factors attracting American settlers.The U.S expansionists were directing their ambitions to the North, West, and Southwest, but the conflicts between the U.S. and British North America came about over the border between them. In 1839, Canadian lumberjacks and the Maine militia began fighting over the boundary between Maine and New Brunswick. The fighting ended in the Webster-Ashburton Treaty, which gave over half of the disputed territory to the U.S., which established a definite northeastern boundary with Canada. Meanwhile, both the U.S. and Britain laid claims on the Oregon territory. The dispute ended in an agreement in which both nations had joint occupation of the land for 10 years. The agreement was renewed indefinitely in 1827. As Americans began settling in the Oregon Territory, they began demanding diplomatic and military action to insure total U.S. control of the land. Americans also began moving into a newly independent Mexico in 1821. 2. Explain the causes, events, and results of the Texas revolution.

During the early 1820’s, Mexican officials were encouraging settlers from the United States to settle in Texas. About 300 families from the U.S. had settled on the Austin Grant by 1823, and within a year the population grew to 2021. This constant migration created trouble between the Mexican government and the American colonists over the status of slavery and the authority of the Catholic Church. Also, all people who lived in Texas had to become Mexican citizens and adopt the Roman Catholic faith. In 1830, the Mexican Congress prohibited further American immigration and importation of slaves to Texas. The reason behind this was the Americans were the great majority and were failing to abide by the Mexican government rules which included emancipating their slaves and evading import duties on goods from the United States (and many more). The enforcement of the new law...