Lloyd Morgan, however, had watched and recorded the series of approximations by which the dog had gradually learned the response, and could demonstrate that no insight was required to explain it.

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Thorndike's key observation was that learning was promoted by positive results, which was later refined and extended by B.F. One moose, two... Skinner's operant conditioning. Four such systems are identified: Natural selection which "educates" the DNA of the species, The brain of the individual (just discussed); The "brain" of society-as-such (including the publicly held body of

The scientific method can be regarded as containing an element of trial and error in its formulation and testing of hypotheses. Play the game Merriam Webster Learn a new word every day. audit et mesure d'audience visiteurs internet par Alle Sprachen | EN SV IS IT RU FR RO PT HU LA NL SK HR ES BG NO CS TR DA They didn't know how to put in a central-heating system, but they managed it by trial and error.