How Many Blood Types Are There

There are 8 different blood types (A+, A-, B+, B-, O+, O-, AB+, AB-). The most well known and medically important blood types are in the ABO group. They were discovered in 1900 and 1901 at the University of Vienna by Karl Landsteiner in the process of trying to learn why blood transfusions sometimes cause death and at other times save a patient. In 1930, he belatedly received the Nobel Prize for his discovery of blood types.

All humans and many other primates can be typed for the ABO blood group. There are four principal types: A, B, AB, and O. There are two antigens and two antibodies that are mostly responsible for the ABO types. The specific combination of these four components determines an individual’s type in most cases. The table below shows the possible permutations of antigens and antibodies with the corresponding ABO type (“yes” indicates the presence of a component and “no” indicates its absence in the blood of an individual).

ABO
Blood Type

Antigen
A

Antigen
B

Antibody
anti-A

Antibody
Anti-B

A

yes

no

no

yes

B

no

yes

yes

no

O

no

no

yes

yes

AB

yes

yes

no

no

Blood Types

A+

A-

B+

B-

O+

O-

AB+

AB-

Blood type A

As type A blood is common, it is in constant demand and more is always needed.

By giving blood regularly you can help other As and also people with AB blood types.

Blood type B

As type B is one of the rarest blood types, B type blood donors are always needed, particularly for plasma donations.

By giving plasma regularly, you can help people with B and O blood types.

Blood type O

As type O blood is the most common, it is in constant demand and more is always needed.

By giving blood regularly you can help other Os and also people with AB, A and B blood types.

Blood type AB

Even though type AB is the rarest blood type, type AB plasma can help people with any blood type. So, more type AB plasma donors are always needed.

By giving plasma regularly you can help people with AB, O, B and A blood types.

ABO and Rh distribution by country

ABO and Rh blood type distribution by nation (population averages)

Country

Population

O+

A+

B+

AB+

O-

A-

B-

AB-

Australia

22,015,576

40%

31%

8%

2%

9%

7%

2%

1%

Austria

8,219,743

30%

37%

12%

5%

6%

7%

2%

1%

Belgium

10,438,353

37%

38%

7%

2.5%

7%

7%

1%

0.5%

Brazil

198,739,269

36%

34%

8%

2.5%

9%

8%

2%

0.5%

Canada

33,487,208

39%

36%

7.6%

2.5%

7%

6%

1.4%

0.5%

Denmark

5,500,510

35%

37%

8%

4%

6%

7%

2%

1%

Estonia

1,299,371

30%

31%

20%

6%

4.5%

4.5%

3%

1%

Finland

5,250,275

27%

38%

15%

7%

4%

6%

2%

1%

France

62,150,775

36%

37%

9%

3%

6%

7%

1%

1%

Germany

82,329,758

35%

37%

9%

4%

6%

6%

2%

1%

Hong Kong

7,055,071

40%

26%

27%

7%

0.31%

0.19%

0.14%

0.05%

Hungary

10,198,315

31%

38%

18.8%

12.2%

Iceland

306,694

47.6%

26.4%

9.3%

1.6%

8.4%

4.6%

1.7%

0.4%

India

1,166,079,217

36.5%

22.1%

30.9%

6.4%

2.0%

0.8%

1.1%

0.2%

Ireland

4,203,200

47%

26%

9%

2%

8%

5%

2%

1%

Israel

7,233,701

32%

34%

17%

7%

3%

4%

2%

1%

Italy

60,742,397

40%

36%

7.5%

2.5%

7%

6%

1.5%

0.5%

Japan

127,799,000

29.9%

39.8%

19.9%

9.9%

0.15%

0.2%

0.1%

0.05%

Netherlands

16,715,999

39.5%

35%

6.7%

2.5%

7.5%

7%

1.3%

0.5%

New Zealand

4,213,418

38%

32%

9%

3%

9%

6%

2%

1%

Norway

5,000,000

34%

40.8%

6.8%

3.4%

6%

7.2%

1.2%

0.6%

Poland

38,482,919

31%

32%

15%

7%

6%

6%

2%

1%

Portugal

10,707,924

36.2%

39.8%

6.6%

2.9%

6.0%

6.6%

1.1%

0.5%

Saudi Arabia

28,686,633

48%

24%

17%

4%

4%

2%

1%

0.23%

South Africa

49,320,000

39%

32%

12%

3%

7%

5%

2%

1%

Spain

48,125,002

36%

34%

8%

2.5%

9%

8%

2%

0.5%

Sweden

9,433,875

32%

37%

10%

5%

6%

7%

2%

1%

Taiwan

24,000,000

43.9%

25.9%

23.9%

6.0%

0.1%

0.1%

0.01%

0.02%

Turkey

76,805,524

29.8%

37.8%

14.2%

7.2%

3.9%

4.7%

1.6%

0.8%

United Kingdom

61,113,205

37%

35%

8%

3%

7%

7%

2%

1%

Ukraine

45,706,120

~40%

~10%

United States

307,212,123

37.4%

35.7%

8.5%

3.4%

6.6%

6.3%

1.5%

0.6%

Population-weighted mean

(total population = 2,261,025,244)

36.44%

28.27%

20.59%

5.06%

4.33%

3.52%

1.39%

0.45%

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