Τρίτη, 1 Ιανουαρίου 2008

Total Quality Management - TQM

* The concepts of Total Quality; * Application of the concepts of Total Quality to: o products and services o processes o people * through the provision of appropriate o values, policies and objective o planning o processes and measurement o leadership, training and motivation o organisation

Total Quality is a way of life. Total Quality is not a programme with a defined end point. A total Quality strategy will be effective only through long-term commitment and dedicated application by executive management and all employees. It requires the consistent application of the appropriate human and technical processes, tools and techniques.Concepts:Definition

The Institute of Management Services defines Total Quality Management as:

"A strategy for improving business performance through the commitment and involvement of all employees to fully satisfying agreed customer requirements, at the optimum overall costs, through the continuous improvement of the products and services, business processes and people involved."

The concept of Total Quality Management can be expressed as “Achieving success through delighting our customers”.

Customers being the internal user, the external customer or end-user, together with the other stakeholders, i.e.

* shareholders * employees * suppliers

It also requires consideration of the environmental needs of the community.Key concepts of Total Quality

Total Quality Management is a strategy for business success, based on the following concepts:Total Quality means:

* achieving strategic goals through customer focus and continuous improvement * delighting the customer, satisfying needs and expectations * anticipating the needs of the market * understanding and managing customer expectations * understanding the aims and capabilities of the your own organisation * all employees taking ownership of the products and services delivered

Total Quality requires:

* management leadership and long term commitment * managers to act as role models who lead and empower change * a management culture of partnership, learning together, guidance and support for employees * clearly defined business objectives communicated by managers and supervisors, understood and “owned” by all employees. “Ownership” can be viewed as the “acceptance of accountability”. * Encouraging and empowering all employees to adopt “ownership” behaviour. Ownership of their outputs, ownership of customers problems, ownership of improvement actions. * A focus on success through people o solutions by consensus o recognition of success o a “no blame” attitude o education and training based on defined user needs o teamwork o effective communication including listening, providing feedback and provision of visual communication

The standard provides a basic guideline for Quality Management and Quality Systems.

TQM and BS 5750/ISO 9000/EN 29000 are complimentary, whereby the Standard provides a structure which can underpin continuous improvement - the philosophy of TQM.

Part 0 of the Standard refers to Total Quality Management whilst the remainder is concerned with Quality Assurance.

Traditionally certification has been limited to specific areas for organisation, but recent development permits Company Wide registration.

This is a logical progression towards Quality Systems and Total Quality Management.Organisation

Adopting Quality as the fundamental principle by which the organisation will conduct its business, requires that it organises itself to support this objective. This involves developing an appropriate organisation structure and a Quality function appropriate to the needs of the organisation.

Business organisation structure: spans of control, reporting lines, work group missions and outputs should be reviewed to ensure that these support management leadership, teamworking and effective communication.

Quality support organisation: the functions of the support organisation might include:

* training of the senior management and other groups of employees in Total Quality * providing “facilitation” and support in the application of the Total Quality process * supporting management in the development of strategy, objectives and goals in the respect of the implementation of the Total Quality process * co-ordinating the application of the Quality management process and the production of Quality plans * establishing and operating cross-functional process management in conjunction with the individual process owners * providing direct support for business-wide improvement projects * tracking cost of Quality * establishing initial and ongoing Quality training needs, developing training material and training Quality trainers * developing specific new processes and process applications to support Total Quality, e.g.: statistical process control (SPC) * co-ordinating, where necessary, the development of Quality management systems by departments, providing a company response to vendor assessments by potential customers * integrating safety, product liability and consumer considerations into products, services and business processes

SUMMARY

Total Quality is a customer focused improvement process, a strategy for business success involving every employee within the organisation.

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