After studying this unit, you will be able to: identify and explain the concept of apartheid determine what is unique about the system of apartheid - comparison to pre-1960s USA, British Empire, the slave trade examine the debates around the origins of apartheid decide whether 1948 was a turning point in South African history identify the major apartheid laws that made up petty apartheid understand the impact of petty apartheid laws on the lives of ordinary black people through an examination of primary sources such as newspapers and oral accounts appreciate the concept of the homelands policy empathise with the effects of forced removals examine the harsh legislation that led South Africa to be a virtual police state.