A biobank is an organization that acquires and stores human tissue and genetic data for future research use. Biobanks provide an opportunity for more efficient research by providing access to large amounts of genetic and electronic health record data. The importance of biobanking lies in its connection to precision medicine, which is dramatically changing the way we provide customized personal medical care. Broad concepts in biobanking include: history of biobanking, bioethical considerations, organization and governance structures, specific research studies using stored genetic samples, and the emergence of personalized precision medicine. Given rapid advancements in genetic research and biobanking, this annotated bibliography is meant to serve as current baseline reference outlining the state of the science.