Increases in CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) T-lymphocyte count is a bio marker for antiretroviral treatment effectiveness in restoring immunological function. Changes in participants' CD4-positive (CD4+) T-lymphocyte counts will be assessed by measuring the change from Baseline in the number of CD4+ cells at scheduled visits planned as part of routine care that are captured in this study.

Other Outcome Measures:

Change in time to virologic failure [ Time Frame: From week 0 to week 144 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

Time to virologic failure : The earliest occurrence of (a) HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-1 RNA (ribonucleic acid) >400 cp/mL confirmed on two consecutive occasions after achieving at least one HIV-1 RNA <50 cp/mL, (b) HIV-1 RNA >400 cp/mL at the final on-study visit if the patient had previously experienced at least one HIV-1 RNA <50 cp/mL but subsequently did not have HIV-1 RNA >400 cp/mL on two consecutive occasions, or (c) Day 1 if the patient never achieved HIV-1 RNA <50 cp/mL during study participation.

The percentage of patients with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-1 RNA (ribonucleic acid) viral load (a) <50 cp/mL, (b) <400 cp/mL, and (c) <1,000 cp/mL will be summarized over time for the study as a whole, as well as for the ARV (antiretroviral)-naïve, NNRTI (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor)-experienced, and PI (protease inhibitor)-experienced subgroups. The percentage of patients with HIV-1 RNA viral load below a pre-specified threshold will be summarized over time using both an intent-to-treat (patients with incomplete treatment = failure) and an on-treatment method.

The Primary Objectives is to assess the tolerability of lopinavir/ritonavir in standard clinical setting.

The Secondary Objectives are to characterize the development of viral resistance and to assess the development of CD4 T-lymphocyte cell count.

All medications will be prescribed as per clinical practice. The Rationale is to document the safety, tolerability and clinical outcome of therapy regimens including lopinavir/ritonavir and new substances, such as INIs (integrase inhibitors, CCR5 (C-C chemokine receptor type 5) antagonists and new NNRTIs (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) as there are many reasons (intolerability, complex resistant patterns or even personal reasons) which may result in a change from the daily clinical routine and lead to the use of a newly approved antiretroviral agent in combination with lopinavir/ritonavir.

Eligibility

Ages Eligible for Study:

18 Years and older

Genders Eligible for Study:

Both

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

No

Sampling Method:

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Community sample: Human Immunodeficiency Virus-positive patients

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

- Patients (18 years and older) with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection, patients on therapy with lopinavir/ritonavir and an integrase inhibitor or non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or CCR5 antagonist for at least 12 weeks.

Exclusion Criteria:

Hypersensitivity against Kaletra or other ingredients or integrase inhibitors or non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors or CCR5 antagonists.

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study.
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below.
For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01076179