Paul and Palestinian Judaism compares Judaism, understood on its own terms, with Paul, understood on his own terms. Sanders aims to:

Consider methodologically how to compare two (or more) related but different religions

destroy the view of Rabinic Judaism which is still prevalent in much, perhaps most, New Testament scholarship

establish a different view of Rabbinic Judaism

argue a case concerning Palestinian Judaism as a whole

argue for a certain understanding of Paul

carry out a comparison of Paul and Palestinian Judaism

This volume makes a contribution not only to the understanding of Paul and his relationship to Judaism, but also to the study of Judaism itself

Reviews

Sanders focuses on the basic functioning of religions, on patterns which, he holds, are revealed chiefly in how you become and continue a member of the community. His profound, novel analysis of a vast material makes this one of the few truly creative, exciting works on the subject.

David Daube, UC Berkeley

About the Author

E.P. Sanders is Arts and Sciences Professor of Religion at Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. His other Fortress Press books include Paul, the Law, and the Jewish People (1983) and Jesus and Judaism (1985), winner of the 1990 Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Religion. Paul and Palestinian Judaism received the 1978 National Religious Book Award, Scholarly Book Category, from Religious Book Review.

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION

1. Paul and Judaism in New Testament scholarship

2. The holistic comparison of patterns of religion

PART ONE PALESTINIAN JUDAISM

I. TANNAITIC LITERATURE

1. The persistence of the view of Rabbinic religion as one of legalistic works-righteousness

2. The use of Rabbinic material

3. The nature of Tannaitic literature

4. The election and the covenant

5. Obedience and disobedience; reward and punishment

6. Reward and punishment and the world to come

7. Salvation by membership in the covenant and atonement

8. Proper religious behaviour: zakah and tsdaq

9. The Gentiles

10. The nature of religious life and experience

11. Conclusion

II. THE DEAD SEA SCROLLS

1. Introduction

2. The covenant and the covenant people

3. Election and predestination

4. The commandments

5. Fulfilmnet and transgression; the nature of sin; reward and punishment

6. Atonement

7. The righteousness of God and the righteousness of man

8. The religious life

9. Conclusion

III. APOCRYPHA AND PSEUDEPIGRAPHA

1. Ben Sirach

2. I Enoch

3. Jubilees

4. The Psalms of Solomon

5. IV Ezra

IV. PALESTIANIAN JUDAISM 200 BCE - 200 CE: Conclusion

PART TWO PAUL

V. PAUL

1. Introduction

2. The solution as preceding the problem

3. Pauline soteriology

4. The law, the human plight, and the relationship of the solution to it

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