This study analyzes the everyday practices, social values, and attitudes of the Catalan population in the process of transition towards the network society. It analyzes behavior online and off-line, investigating the specific role of Internet uses in influencing practices and attitudes. It is based on the answers to a survey of 3,005 individuals, a representative sample of the Catalan population in 2002. The survey was conducted between February and May 2002, and was based on face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire of 179 questions. Secondary sources were used to place the Catalan findings, particularly on the uses of the Internet, in the global context. The analysis was completed in 2007 by incorporating new secondary data. The study covered social practices of work, communication, sociability, uses of space and time, uses of the Internet, cultural identity, political practice, associationism, and formation of individual projects. A number of statistical models were built to provide a causal analysis of each one of these areas of study. The most striking finding refers to the relationship between Internet uses and the construction of autonomy by social actors. Using factor analysis, the study defined five indexes of autonomy that were statistically independent: personal autonomy, professional autonomy, communicative autonomy, body autonomy, and socio-political autonomy. Each one of these independent autonomy indexes were closely associated with frequency and intensity of Internet use, and the relationship when controlled by socio-demographic variables. On the basis of this study it is possible to claim that Internet is a significant platform for the construction of autonomy in the network society. Overall, Catalan society seems to be changing along paths similar to those of other societies in transition, with the added emphasis of the role of territory and family in strengthening social relations, with the positive contribution of the Internet to a very dense pattern of social interaction.