R.[Richard] Oliver Heslop's 'Northumberland Words' (2 vols, English Dialect Society, 1893-4) first appeared as a series of articles in the Newcastle Evening Chroniclein the 1880s; when it was republished in book form, the subtitle was added: 'A glossary of words used in the County of Northumberland and on the Tyneside', which leads us to expect a transmission of current usage of the day. In fact, Heslop includes a good percentage of historic material e.g. from Brockett's 'North Country Words', but only occasionally indicates which terms are still in use, or what variants listed are used where. There is also a high proportion of 'temporary words' (?slang) which did not catch on.
As the listing runs to 807 pages, only a selection is presented here: the majority of historical and obsolete terms, terms relating to animals and plants, terms special to trades, terms that are common to Southern popular speech, or only variants of a standard word, and terms that seem transitory forms - are in general omitted here. Entries where Heslop supplies an unattributed quotation - with the implication this is from current popular speech - are in general retained, though often in a somewhat condensed form.

Heslop's designations of place:
N (here Nth Nd) the district north of the River coquet including Redesdale
S (here Sth N'd) south or central Northumberland, including the part of the county south of the river Coquet and lying between that line and the eastern portion of the Tyne valley
T (here Tyne) Tyneside, with Newcastle as its centre, including the valley of the Tyne and both its banks from Wylam to the sea, and a portion of the northern part of Co. Durham
W-T (here Hex) - West Tyne, the district west of Wylam, having Hexham as its centre

baak, balk (Sth N'd, Tyne), bawk, bawlk, boak (Hex) - 1. unploughed turf left between the ploughed lands as a boundary in the open town fields
2. a square piece of timber
3. a rafter or tie beam
4. a roost for a bird
baal, baa (Sth N'd, Tyne), bo (Hex) - a ball: "buy the bairn a stottin'-baal"
babby-boodies - broken crockery, used as playthings by children
bab-net - a net used on the N'd coast: "in fishing for sea trout off rock ends they use a bab-net of 5 inch mesh" (1832)
back - a fishing line used for haddock, etc., at sea...the principal line to which snoods are spliced, each snood being attached to a hook by a hair line
back - a parting in the seam of coal
back-by - just behind; away from the face of the coal and nearer the shaft is said to be 'back-by'
backcast - a relapse: "aa's head a sair backcast"
back-ower - a return back: "ne cam back-ower tiv us"
bad - ill
badger - an itinerant dealer
bad-weather-geordy - a name by which the cockle-seller is known [!]
baff - blank; baff week 9alternating with] pay week
baggie - the stickleback
baggit-fish -a salmon on the eve of depositing its ova
bagie (a as in day, the g hard) - a Swede turnip...never applied to white or yellow turnips
bairn - a child
bait - food: bait-poke - food bag
baities - fisher girls who gather bait
backstone - a flat stone used for baking ost-cakes, etc. "The bakstone was often 3 or 4 ft in diameter, capable of holding 2 cakes, and fixed upon 3 or 4 pillars; the girdle was lee and lighter, and upon an iron tripod, called a brandreth" Hodgson Northumberland pt.2, vol.2, p.306 n. hic p.31
band - a thin layer of stone or shale interstratified with coal; sometimes a thin stratum of any kind
bane (Nth N'd) - a bone
bane-wort - the daisy
bang - a strong fir pole...a long pole used for guiding or propelling a boat
bang - to strike violently; to surpass, excel, outdo
bank - an incline, a steep road or street
bank - the surface, or top, of the pit: "at bank"
banksman - the man who has control of the shaft top. He regulates the descent of the pitmen, lands the coals at the top of the pit, draws the full tubs from the cages, and replaces them with empty ones. He also puts the full tubs to the screens, and teems them coals.
bannock - a thick cake of oaten or barley meal kneaded with water
barebacks - turnips with the tops cut off
bar-guest - "a goblin, fabled to appear in the shape of a large dog...and to portend imminent death or misfortune" Murray New English Dictionary qu. hic p.35
barley - to claim, used...bu children in play: "he barleyed that seat"
barries - berries
bastard sole - the lemon sole or lemon dab
bastel-house, bassel-house - a fortified house...common on the Border. The ground floor is a large apartment with vaulted roof. Over this are the living rooms of the owner.
bastile - the workhouse
bat - a blow: "a bat o' the jaa"
batty - a small cake: "Thoo shall hev a spice batty on tha borthday"
baxter - a baker
bay - the imaginary enclosure or place of safety in outdoor games
beak - the nose, the face
back-sticks, bake-sticks - a triangular frame of wood or iron, resembling a small easel, with a prop at the back, for holding girdle cakes in front of the fire to finish the baking, or sometimes to warm an old cake.
beans - small coals, so-called for their size. Duff is the samllest coal left after screening; peas are next in size; beans next grade higher; then nuts, - roondy coal being the largest in size.
bear - barley...with six (or four) rows of grain on its ear.
beastlins, beastins - the first milk of a newsly-calved cow
beat, pret. bet, p.p.betten - to excel, surpass, overcome in contest
beatment - a measure holding a quarter-peck
beb - to act as croupier in the gambling game of 'pitch and toss'. The bebber is one who gathers in the pennies.
beck - a small stream... occurs about sixty-three times in the country of Durham. Thirty-eight of these are within the Tees district.
getten her bed - of a woman's being confined [for childbirth]
bedstock - the 'stock', or strong side timber of a bedstead
bee-bike - a wild bee's nest
bee-bird - the spotted flycatcher
beel or beeld - to build
beeld - the shelter for cattle. Beelds for sheep, etc. are common on the high moors in Northumberland.
beeldy - sheltered from cold: "Aa've gettin a beeldy place"
bees - 2/3 pers. sg. of to be, sometimes heard in Northumberland: "What bees thoo deein?", "He bis ne use at aall"
bee-skep - a beehive - made of straw
beet - to feed a fire with fuel e.g. straw, heath, fern, furze, and especially the husk of oats when used for heating the girdles on which oaten cakes are baked. [after Hodgson MS]
behint - behind, but oftener ahint
belaa, belaw - below, or in the pit
belk - to belch
belly-rim - the lower part of the abdomen: "he's brust his bellyrim"
belly-timmer - food
belly-wark - the belly-ache
ben - in, into: "come ben the hoose"
bend-away or bend-up - a signal in a pit, given to raise up, or set away
bennel [Nth N'd] - a long reedy grass, growing on stagnant rivers or burns. Bennels were layers of the reed...to serve as a ceiling
bense - a cow stall
bent - a coarse kind of rass, usually growing on wet land, or on sand hills upon the sea shore; hence 'the Bents', a name for grassy sand dunes
berry (pronounce barry) - to thresh by flail: "he's been berryin' aa the day"
bessy - character...in a company of sword dancers at Xmas.... one of the men dressed up in women's clothes
bettermer - superior, better: "Aa seed him last neet, an thowt he leuked iv a bettermer way"
beyen [Sth N'd], byen {Tyne} - a bone
beyuk [Sth N'd], byuk [Tyne] - a book
beyun [Sth N'd], byun [Tyne] - aove, beyond: "it's beun ten 'ear sin he left"
beyut [Sth N'd], byut [Tyne] - a boot
bi ('i' very short, as in bit) - by: "bi this and bi that"
bid - to invite, command - of an invitation to which there is no refusal
biddy - a louse
bigg - barley esp. the four-rowed barley
biggin - a building
bike - a bee's nest
bin - by... bi, biv, bin are used interchangeably...as euphony suggests
bin, bind [short 'i'] - to bind: "he was nowther to had nor to bin"
bing - a heap of grain, [also] a bin
bink, benk - a shelf esp. a long flat slab of stone fixed to a wall, used either as a seat or as a shelf
birk, brick - the birch tree
birsel - to crackle in cooking
bishop - to burn food in cooking by allowing it to adhere to the pan
bit - small [re] diminutive or homely things: "an innocent bit lass"
bizen, bison, bysen - a show, a spectacle of disgrace
blaa - breath: "get yor blaa"
black bow-wowers - brambleberries
black-diamonds - coal
blacky - a blackamoor
blacky - the blackbird
black-jack - the colesay, often called rock salmon by fishermen
black-neb - the carrion crow
blae - of a dark colour between black and blue... Of the human body... livid.
blae-berry - the bilberry or whortleberry
blake - yellow, of a golden colour - spoken of butter, cheese, etc.
blair- to cry, to lament; to shout loudly
blash - to scatter water of puddle
blash - a downpour of rain
blashy - watery, clarty
blast -an explosion in a pit
blate - backward, shy: "he's nyen blate, noo"
blather - to talk loosely
blea-berry, blu-berry - the blueberry... bilberry
bleb - a bubble, a blister
bleck - patch or tar upon ropes
blue, blae - livid, blue, or purple
bleezer - a hood to blow up a fire: "put the bleezer up, and let's hev a lowe"
blether - to talk loosely
bliss- to bless
blob, bleib, blibe - a abubble, a blister
blow down - to bring down coal or stone with gunpowder
blush - a blister: "a blush on me foot wi' waakin'"
bluey - hedge sparrow [beside] hedgy, fieldy, spurey, snoky~
boak - Hex. form of balk
bobberous, bobbersome - hearty, elated, in high spirits [after Brockett]
boggle - to start at, to blunder, or bother about: "the mare blogled at a haystack"
boggle, bo-boggle, boggly-bo [Hex], be-lo [Nth N'd], bo-man [Tyne], bo-ghost, bo-guest - the bogle is always a personality, having a proper name, and haunting a certain spot
bogie - a small,low, four-wheeled barrow...the small truck of the platelayer so familiar on our railways
bo-lo - a term used by nurses to righten children: "the Bo-lo will get you!"
bondager - a female field-worker... esp. Northumberland
bonfire (pronounced byen-fire) - e.g. Midsummer Eve,in many villages in Northumberland
bonny - good-looking: "what a bonny bairn"
boudy, booly - a piece of broken pot, or earthenware, used by children for decorating their play-houses
bool - an iron plate attached to the oars of keels and wherries... through this the thole pin passes
bool - to play at the game of boolin or bowling
boose - 'now the upper part of the stall where the fodder lies' [Brockett]
born - a burn, the name in N'd for a consideable stream
bowdy-kite - a forward child, a presumptious or unskilful person: "he's just a bowdykite lad!"
box - a benefit or friendly society
box-bed - a bed made like a bunk or berth
braaly [bravely] - in fine condition: "Hoo is thoo the day?" "Aa's braaly, lad"
brack - pret. of break
bracken, brecken - the brake fern PTeris aquilina, L.. It is regularly hravested for the bedding of cattle.
bracken-clock - the small gay-coloured chafer, Phyllopertha horticola, L.
braffam, briffam, barfham, briham, braugham - a horse collar
brag - a goblin [e.g.] The Portobello Brag...at Low Fell
braid - [to retch]: "Aa've braided sair all neet, doctor"
brakesman - the man in charge of the winding engine at a pit
bran - a boar, a male pig
brand-irons / and-irons - the irons for holding up the logs in a wood-fire
brandling - a river trout caught in the Tyne
brandlings - large peas of a brownish yellow spotted colour, quite different from the ordinary grey peas, much fancied and in request for 'carlins'
brandrith - a trivet [via Ray]
branks - a bridle of primitive construction, having a pieceof wood on each side joined to a halter
brant - steep, difficult of ascent: "a brant hill"
brash - melted snow: "snow brash", "brashy weather", "brashy wettor"
brass - money
brassy - pert, lively, forward in manners: "a brassy little fellow"
brat - name for a turbot on the Northumberland coast
brat - a kind of dual apron, usually made of sheepskin, or coarse sacking, worn by farm men when building corn stacks or when bathing sheep
brattish, brattishing, brattice - a partition
brattle - a loud noise, a peal of thunder
brautins - girdle cakes with cheese sandwiched between
bray - to pound, to hammer at, to assault
bree, breay - the breast of a hill
breeks - trousers
brickwast, brickfast - breakfast
brim - a sow is said to go to brim when she goes to the boar
brizzle, bristle, birsel - to crackle in cooking
brock - a badger or a badger hound
Brockwell - the lowest workable seam of any district
broo - forehead
brun (the common pronunciation in N'd) - to burn
bubbly - snottery, soft, blubbering
bubbly-jock - a male turkey
bull - a round bar of iron used in blasting in wet holes
bullet - a round sweetmeat
bully - equivalent to brother; a mate or comrade
bum - to make a humming or drumming noise like a bee
bummler - a lagre fly, a bee
bummlekite, bummlerskite -the blackberry, the fruit of the bramble
bummler-box - a small house
bunch - to strike, to drive with the knee against the backside
buntin - the cone of the fir tree
bunton - a piece of squared timber
burn - a brook [see Arch. Aeliana vol.9 p.63, vol.10 p.173]
bus - a bush
bus - a sunken rock on which at low tides...seaweed is visible
busk - to get ready, to dress: "Aa'll just busk mesel an' gan", "Aa'll busk a trout flee"
buss or busk - to dress, to don
buss - a kiss: "come gi's a buss"
bussin'-the-tyup - the tup was the last corf of coals drawn out of the pit on the last day of the year; and by way of showing their pleasure at the gaudy-days now commencing, the pitmen covered it with burning candles
but - an abbreviation of holibut [sic]
butts - strips of land, divisions of a common field
by - [in compounds] inby, ootby, owerby, backby, forby, upby, doonby
byer, byre - a cow-house: "the mucking o' Geordie's byre"
byun - aove, beyond: "it's byun a joke"

caa - to call, also to abuse or call names
*caa - to drive, to propel: "caa-tee the yett" (close the gate), "caa in that nail"
caa-handed - left-handed
caal of the sea - movement of water driven by the wind on its surface (the opposite is keld, smoothe, re the Tyne)
caaler - an official at a colliery engaged to call up the men for work. "He makes his first round at half-past 12 a.m., and knocks at all the doors with D chalked on them. These are the deputies' houses; they go to work an hour before the hewers. Every man of the fore-shift marks 1 on his door - that is the sign for the caller to wake him at that hour. The hewer fills his tubs, and continues alternately hewing and filling. Meanwhile, the caller having roused the putters, drivers, and off-handed man, the pit 'hings on', that is, starts work at 5 o'clock." R. Wilson 'Coal mines of Durham and Northumberland' Trans. of Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club vol.6, 203-4.
*plus song by Ned Corvan, plus story 'the Caller'
cabbish - cabbage
cable or cavel - a strip or share of land apportioned by lot.
cadger - a carrier, nowadays a beggar. "cadgers wi' their cairts" (1838)
caff - chaff, the husk of oats: "a caff bed"
cage - in its modern form consists of 3 or 4 stories or stages, into each of which 2 tubs are run. The tubs are held in their places [in the cage] by the sneck
cake -creel - a rack at the top of a kitchen to dry oat cakes (va Brockett, 3rd edn)
calf-yard - the home of one's youth (T.Wilson)
caller - fresh, cool: 'Here's yor caller harrin', here's yor bonny fresh harrin!''
cam or kame - an earthen dyke
campin, kempin - the race in which one [reaper] strove to finish his rig first (ended 1870s]
camstary, camsteery - wild , unmanageable
canch - a rise like a step. In a thin seam of coal... coal and stone [i.e. canch] are worked away alternately.
candyman - a bum-bailiff or process server; the man who serves notice of ejectment. During 'the great strike' [1844]... the pitmen recognised [among the recruited bailffs] several faces that had been familiar to them on their pay-Saturday strolls through 'the toon' as the itinerant vendors who calld 'Dandy-candy, three sticks a penny'. Thus the term 'candyman' became generally applied in pit villages to those who served and carried out notices of ejectment.
canny - an embodiment of all that is kindly, good, and gentle
cantrip, cantrap - spell, charm, trick
canty - lively, cheerful and comfortable
cap - to overtop, surpass: "this caps the stack"
cappy - a boys' game ...[or] captain
carlin - a familiar term for a woman
carlins - 'choice grey-peas, of the preceding autumn, steeped in spring water for 12 to 15 hours, till they are soaked or macerated; then laid on a sieve, in the open air, that they may be externally dry. Thus swelled, and enlarged to a considrable size, and on the verge of vegetating, they are put in an iron pot, or other wise, on a slow fire, and kept stirring. They will then parch, crack and as we provincially call it, bristle: when they begin to burst, they are ready to eat.' Gent. Mag 1788 re N'd. Another method adopted is to fry the carlins with fat, and season highly with pepper and salt. [As well as grey peas] the large peas of a brownish yellow spotted colour, called 'brndlings'...are much fancied and in request for carlins.
carr - a marsh [only x1 in N'd: Prestwick Carr]; - a rocky place [x20 in N'd]
cas - because
caskit - a cabbage stalk
cassen - of a sheep...cast upon its back and unable to rise
cast - to cast up, throw up, [shovel]: 'to cast snow'
caster - a shoveller or caster of coal from a keel to a ship e.g. Wearside, Blyth
cast up - to remind reproachfully: 'If aa was to de see, ye wad cast it up to me fyece'
cat - a ball made by mixing coal and clay together
cat-band - [iron band for securing cover of a hatch in a keel], [a band on a corf to take a hook]
cat-built - applied to an old style of shipbuilding, which is described as being on the Norwegian model [i.e. narrow stern, much tumble in... ended ca. 1850]
cat-choup - a hip e.g. wild rosehip
cat-haa - hawthorn berry; bull-haa - large ditto
cat-heed - an ironstone nodule
cat-whin - burnet gorse
cavel, cavil - the lots cast by pitmen at stated periods for the different working places. Each collier draws his cavel and the number on this ticket is the number of the 'bord' at which he must hew.
cawel - a hen-coop
chack - a slight refreshment, taken in haste
chaffs, chafts - the jaws
chalder, chaldron - measure of 53 cwts of coal (Newc.). The old colliery wagon contains a chaldron, and is a called a chaldron wagon. Eight of these equal a keel of coals. '101 chalder of grindstones' Heworth 1583 via H
charms - note here
chats - keys of trees as ash trees, sycamore trees. In lead-mining, small pieces of stone with lead ore adhering to them [i.e. imperfectly separated ore].
check-viewer - one who checks the working of coal on behalf of the owner of the royalty
check-weighman - the representative of the men, who checks the weight of coals at the surface
what cheer? - a common salutation
chemmerly - urine bottled till it ferments, and then used for cleaning clothes
cheps - men: 'them cheps is nee use'
chiel - a friend, one very intimate: 'he's a queer chiel' re a favourite pet
chimins - the seeds or inner husks of oats, soaked 2 or 3 days in cold water to become a jelly, and then boiled in water or milk...Used in C'd, N'd [and Scotland]
chips - a fish 'chips' when it cuts the surface of the water without leaping [re a salmon]
chisel, chizzel - a common quality of meal from oats
chock - a piece of wood for stopping waggons at the top of a bank... also a square pillar for supporting the roof of a pit, built up of short lengths of wood
choller - a double chin
chop - sudden retrograde movement: 'the wind chopped round to the nor'rard'
chorch - church... [here note about c/k e.g. thak, snak (snatch), birk, etc.]
chort - to squirt wth the teeth
claa(t) - to claw, scratch: 'claa me, claa thee'
clag -t o make adhere
clairts or clarts - [fouled sheeps' wool]
clam - to castrate by compression
clammer - climb: 'aa've clammered up them stairs to the Garth'
clap - to pat tenderly
clavers - goosegrass
clay - a pitman's candlestick, made of a piece of clay
cleed - to clothe
click - to snatch: 'he clicked it oot o' me hand'
click-clash, clish-ma-claver, click-clack, etc. - idle, gossiping talk
clivver - clever, in good health: 'How are ye the day, lad?... Man aa's clivver'
clock, clocker - any large beetle: 'killin clock wi' clubs' (overdoing it)
clog - in mining, a sledge loaded with stones and dragged round by the gin, to which it acts as a brake
clog - a shoe with wooden sole...usually protected by iron plates
cloot - a cloth: 'Aa'll pin a dish-cloot te yor tail' (keep out of the kitchen!)
cloot - to patch: "cloot the tin pan"
Clooty - the Devil
clooty-hat - a bonnet for field work
close-bed - bunk or box ned
closer - a firebrick
cloud-berry - the ground mulberry; also noops, knot-berry, knout-berry
cloud - to dent: 'he got a cloued heed'
cluckweed - chickweed
cluff - to cuff: 'Aa'll cluff yor jaw for ye'
cluther - to crowd closely: ';the folks wiz aal cluthered aboot the door'
coald-hood - the reed bunting
*coalsay, colesay - the coal-fish [black jack, rock salmon - when young: podlie
*cob - a thick amorphous cake of loaf of bread. It was usually made from the last piece of dough'
cobby - brick, hearty, in good spirits
*coble, cobble - an open or deckless boat ('coball' Farne 1372, see details here)
cockens - the field poppy
cockle- a spatch of saliva or phlegm
cockle - [to gag]: 'cockles on taking physic'
cod - a pillow..., the bearing of an axle
*codjybell - the earwig
*cog - a lift [a thrust on the backside]: 'Gi's a cog up, will ye?'
coggly - crawley, unsteady: 'the plank wis se coggly 'at aa nearly tummeled off'
coins - a street corner
*cold-lord - a boiled pudding made of oatmeal and suet
colley - a lamplighter
colley - butcher's meat [not bacon or salted meat]
come-an'-gan - [a good supply of anything]
commony or muggy - a boy's marble made of baked clay
*coo - in mining, a pole having a fork of iron at the end [to prevent back sliding]
*coo-git - right of pasturage for one cow on common land
*coo-paad - left-handed
cooth - [pleasant], comfortable - 'aa's cooth'
cop - to catch: 'he copt a butterfly'
corby-craa - the carrion crow
*corf - a basket of pined hazel rods
corn-barries - red or white currants
*kern-doll, mell-doll, etc. - an image made by dressing up a sheaf of corn to appear like a rude human figure, which is mounted on the top of the laft cart-load taken from the field
cotteril - split pin, money
*coul, cowl - to scrape together dung, mud, dirt, etc.
coup - to upset, to barter
*kow - a local sprite e.g. the Hedley Kow
*cow-grass - common purple clover
caad - 'it's as caad as ice'
cowp - to upset: 'that's cowp'd his apple cart for him, noo'
*craa, craw - an outcrop or crop of strata, [hence] craw coal
craadon, crawdon - a coward: 'ye're a crawdon'
crack - to gossip, to brag, to boast; light conversation, boasting
cracket - a a low seat without legs
crame - a stall or stand at country fairs easily taken to pieces
crame - to mend...by holing and wiring
cranch, scranch, scrunch - [to crunch, to grind the teeth]
*crane - the junction between the branch railways and the horse roads in a pit, the coals being 'put' to this spot by the barrow-men from the working places. From the crane they were drawn by horses to the shaft. It is now called a 'flat' or 'station'
cranky - tottering: 'aa's nobbut cranky-like thi day'
crankey - checked or of a zig-zag pattern
creel - whicker utensils for various purposes
creeve, creuve - a crab or lobster trap; crab-creeves - pots for crabs
*crible - to curry favour with a superior: 'aa's not gan to crible tiv him'
crine - to shrink or shrivel up
*crit - the smallest of a litter, etc. 'Tom's the crit i' the family'
croon - [5 shillings]: 'len's haaf a croon'
croopy - hoarse
croose, crouse - brisk, lively, eager
croot - to sprout, to recover: 'she'll syun croot oot agyen'
croppen - crept (p.p.): 'we'd just croppen into bed agyen'
crotly, crutly - crumbly
*crowdy - a Northumberland dish, made by filling a basin with oatmeal, and then pouring on boiling water; in Scotland 'brose'
cruck-yor-hough - sit down
*cruck-yor-thumb - [thumb doubled up inside clenched fist, as a charm against witchcraft] ex. 1888
*cruppy-dow - a cake made of oatmeal and fish (N'd)
*cuddy - a donkey, a stupid person: 'what is ye dein that for, ye great cuddy?'; also abbreviation of Cuthbert
cuddy-an-creels - a donkey with panniers
*cuddy's legs - herrings
cull - a fool, stupid, simple fellow
cundy - a drain, a sewer
curranberries - red currants
*cushat - the ring dove
*cushy-coo-lady - the lady-bird beetle
*cuthbert's beads - portions of the jointed stems of fossil encrinites (Lindisfarne]
cutty - short
*cutty-soams - pit ghost [see Monthly Chron i/269]

eany and light - of bread, when the interior has a glazed appearance and is full of holes
earthfast - an isolated stone enclosed in a bed of earth [with special properties]
efa - a small diminutive person: 'he's nowt but an efa'
eigh-wye - used to express indifference or regret
else - already, [init?]: 'that'll dee, else'
end-on - having the end towards the spectator: 'the waggons wis comin end-on'
ether, edder - adder (bull ether, fleeing ether - dragonfly)
ettin or yetun - a boggle [OE eoten]
ettle - to intend, to arrange, etc.
[exclamations - see long list pp.58-9]

fad - a bundle...such as can be conveniently carried under the arm or in the hand
fadge - a small loaf of bread. Near the Border, a fadge is an oval bannock, or scone, about 2 or 3 inches thick, made of pease meal, often with an admixture of bean meal, and fired very hard on a 'girdle'
fail dyke - [of turf or sods]
fair, fairin - a prize from a fair: 'bring 'z a fairin hyem, mind!'
farl or farrel - an oatcake. (N'd, Halliwell) or a fourth part of same
fell - a lofty brown hill
femmer - weak, frail, etc.
fettle - to put in order, get ready
facy - impudent, shame-faced
first-foot - ...'the luckiest is a fair-haired first-foot'
fitter - the agent of the shipping port who sells and loads the produce of a colliery [formerly, hostmen]
five quarter seam - [re typical thickeness - 5 x 1/4 yard = 3'9"]
flag - a flake of sandstone used as a roofing tile
flatty - a flat fish
fligged or flig - fledged 'hardly fligged ower the dowp' (immature)
flipe - a [strip] of skin
fog - the clover or second crop that follows a hay crop
forenenst - right in front
forkytail - earwig; also called codgybell, twitchbell, scotchybell
fother -a cartload of anything in general
foumart - polecat... but stoat or marten (round Hexham)
foy - a fee
fozy - applied to a turnip that is frost-bitten
frem, fremd - strange: 'fremd folk' alien peopl
full, fullen - the house-leek

ga (short 'a') - gave "ye ga twice as much as it's worth"
gaadger -a gauger, an exciseman
gaaky - clownish
gaan / gannin - going: "Aa's gaan"
gad - a rod, a staff, a fishing-rod, a cattle goad... "a gad o' iron"
Gad-smash-me-sark! - an aoth...
gae (nth N'd) - to go: "gae doon the toon", "we gaed away at a bonny pace"
gaffin - lowering, cloudy: "the weather's ower gaffin"
gair - a strip of verdure on the uplands
gairn (nth N'd) - woollen yarn
gairn - to grin
galloway - a horse under forteen hands high, of the sturdy breed formerly common but now almsot extinct. They were used on the fells to carry ore over form the mines to the smelt mills...
gallowses / galases - a pair of bracs for the trousers
gam - a game, fun; gammin - funning, making a fool of
gan - to go: "AA gans", "gan yor aan gait"
gant / gaunt - to gape, to yawn; [noun] an inhalation...as [of] a bad smell: "aa gat a fair gant on't"
gar - to compel, to force, to cause: "gar's an ill weed to grou"
garth - a yard, or any guarded or fenced place e.g the Castle-garth [at Newcastle]
gate / geyet (Sth N'd) / gyet (Tyne) - a road, a way. (a field gate is yett.); sourse of conduct: "gan yor aan gate"; a stint or right of pasture: "every gate there is to pay one shilling" (Gateshead 1652).
Gateside - Gateshead (gate's heed, or head of the road)
gaup -t to gape ro stare: "what are ye gaupin there for!"
gave / ga - gave: "he gav a strait account", "he ga me", "he gav gim nowt for'd"
gavelick / geavlick / gavelock - a crowbar
gay / gae / gey - rather, somewhat, very: "he's gay aad"
gean tree - the wild cherry
geat / geed (nth N'd) - jet: "black as geet"
gedge - to make a wry face; gedgin - giggling, impertinent
gee / gee-y - a sudden turn, a pique (the 'g' soft) - to go off the straight
geed (Nth N'd) [pret. of give]
geen / gien - given )p/p/): "Aa wad geen owt to seen'd"
geezer - a mummer...any grotesque or queer character
Geordy - the name by which Tynesiders are known outside the district. Also a Tyne ship
geordy - George Stephenson's safety-lamp
gerse - grass
getts - young children
gi - to give. The 'i' is bery short on Tyneside, but in North N'd it is spoken very broadly, as gee-ah or gee. [before a vowel] giv is used
gif / gin (the 'g' hard) - if
gild - play, high spirits: "a body full o' gild"; [vb] to skylark, to play pranks; gilt / gilded - a drunk
gillihowlet - the yellow owl
gimmer (g soft) - [one] fork of a tree
girdle - a very thin, compact band or stratum
girlde / gordle - a flat, circular iron plate with a bow handle. It is set on the open fire and is used for baking...
girdle-cake / gordle-keyek - a name for the cakes baked on a girdle
girn - to grin, to leer, to make a wry face
girse - grass. A word in very common use by old people
gis / giz etc - give me
giss-giss - the call to a pig
gissy - a pig
gissy-pig - a little pig, or te name of a pig when spoken of to children
give-ower - give over, be done
giyen [S.N'th] / gien {Tyne] - given p.p. of gi
gize - to disguise: "Hoo mun a gize mesel?' 'Wesh thee fyess"
gizen / gyzen - to dry up, to crack open with drought
gizer - a masquerader, something extraordinary or akin the miraculous
glaiked / glaikeed / glaicket / glaiket / glaiky - giddy, foolish, thoughtless, inattentive to duty, unsteady
glair / gloaur / gloar / glar - liquid mud of the filthiest sort... the most offensive dirt
gleed / glide - crooked or twisted...squinting: "Gleed Will"
cleede, etc - a falcon
gleg - quick, smart, acute: "gled at the uptak"
glent - to glint, to flash' [noun] a glance: "Aa seed it bi the glent o' yor ee"
gliff - a glance, a glipse; a sudden fright; to frighten
glisk - a glance of light, a transient ray, a transient view
glister - a clyster
glower - to gaze with wonderment
glyme - to look slily
goaf / goave - space cleared of coal
goam / gome - to take notice of, to recognise "I never goamed you"
gob - the mouth; speech, power of expression; bragging speech, insolence... The form gab is quite unknown in N'd
gobby - insolent: "a gobby brat"
Gox / Begox - an exclamation
gog - a boy's marble
goldspink / gooldspink / goudspink / goldflinch - the goldfinch
goldy - golden
gollan / golland / gowlan - a flower of a golden hue e.g. the scentless mayweed, the buttercup: "as yalla as a gollan"
gollar / goller / gollor - to growl or shout violently; to speak in a loud, anery, or threatening tone
goniel etc. - a fool, a rustic or stupid person: "goniel country" (Ponteland)
gooldy - a sovereign; the goldfinch
gord - a hoop: "the gords is all comin' off the rain-tubs", "the bairns gez all getten gords ti play wi'!"
gorl / gurl - to rush and roar: "the weind (wind) for'd see"
gorlin / gorbit / gobby - a newly-hatched or unfledged bird. [Also prefixed] raa-
gorn - to grin, to make a face
gort - great
gosh / goshcab! (N'd) - very common oaths
gov - gave (pret.) - gav...is less emphatic
gowan - the common daisy
gowk - the heart or pith of plant: "an apple gowk"; the centre piece in a stack of hay, etc.
gowk - a cuckoo
gowk - a simpleton, a countryman; April gowk - an April fool
gowpen - the hollow of both hands placed together: "a gowpen o' yetts"
grace-wife - a midwife (1645)
gre-af - to dig (Alston); a greaver - a miner (Alston)
grain, a branch or fork of a river or a tree, etc.
graip / grape / gripe - a three, four, or six-pronged dung or delving fork
graith - gear, equipment, riches, furniture, social rank
graith - to harness, to equip, to accoutre, to dress: "weel graithed"
gree (gree-ah) - to agree
greet - to cry, to fret, to weep...
greet - great, large
grey - a badger
grey - a greyhound...from Icelandic grey, a dog
grey-bord / grey-bird - the song thrush (part os N'd)
grey-hen - the black grouse; a large stone-ware bottle
grice - a little pig
gripe - a pronged fork for dung, litter, coke
gripe - a drain
grover - a miner who works in an adit level or a lead mine; greaver (three syllables) in West Tyne
grozer - a gooseberry: "to jump like a cock at a grozer"
guizard / guizart / guizer - a masquerader, a mummer
guizen - to dry up with drought or thirst
gully - a large knife
guy - a young cow
gy-carling - a sort of mischievous elf who guides astray
gyet / yett - a gate, a roadway, a street
gyzend - parched

jaa / jaw - a wave or a breaker
jaap (Sth N'd and Tyne), jaup (Nth N'd), jaip/jope (Hex) - to smash by a sudden blow, as when two eggs are knocked together
jacks - large fissures or cracks in the roof of a mine
jade -a w orn out horse, a useless woman
jag - to prick, to peck
jaisterin - swaggering,...gesticulating
jap (nth N'd) - pret. of jump: "he jap the burn"
jee / jee-y - bent, atwist
jemmisees / jimmer - hinges; jimmies is still the term applied to a pair of hand-cuffs
jenick / jannock / janic - genuine, honest
jenkin - a passage driven in a pillar of coal; or a slice taken off a pillar
jenny-flucker - a flounder
jenny-hoolet - the tawny owl
jenny-spinner - the daddy-long-legs
jew - to appear sensible of pain, but always used in the negative: "he never jewed it"
jit (Sth N'd, Tyne) - jet: "black as jit"
jook / jouk - to duck one's head so as to avoid a blow: "when thoo sees a cannon baal coming, jook, Jimmy, jook"
jowl - to strike two substances together; esp. to strike the wall of a coal-pit by way of signal
jud - the portion of coal at which the hewer is working, kirved, nicked, and ready to be brought down
jumly - applied to a liquid where a sediment has been disturbed: "jummly coffee"
jye / ajye - wry and awry, crooked
jye - to turn aside

oast - fresh curdle for cheese
oaste - mariner or stranger who came to buy coals at Newcastle
off-gate - exit. 1704
offins - often
offputter - the loader of coals into a vessel at a staith or spout; the agent...at the shipping quay, the staithman
off-take - a deduction from a workman's wage
ofter - oftener: "ofter...nor's good"
oller - the alder tree
on - of - in constant use: ""Some on us is gannin" [etc]
on-ov, on-iv etc. [doubled prepositions]: "in iv a hurry", "win iv a queer hat", "#nib iv a cadger chep", fren iv an aad acquaintance"
onset - to place a colliery tub in position ofr hoisting
onsetter - man in control at the bottom [of] pit shaft. With his assistants he clears the cage of empty tubs on its descent, and pushes in full tubs in their place. He is responsible for signals to bank to move the cage,a nd for regulating the ascent of men.
ony-gate [anywhere[: "Aa canna find it ony-gate"
ooly-bear - large hairy caterpillar; [also] oobit, oubit
ootbye / ootbyside - towards the bottom of the shaft of a pit: "gan' ootbye" - going in the direction of the exit. 'Ootbye' also means outside...in the fields: "Me fether's just ootbye"...'In bye' and 'oot bye' also distinguish between near and far...
ootrug - back undercurrent of the sea caused byt eh wash on the waves against the shore.
ousen - oxen - used in ploughing in N'd in living memory
[owerman] - a colliery official...having the daily supervision and responsible charge underground of the mine or portion of the mine.
owe / ou / aa - to own: "Whhe's owe the hat?" "Whee's aa the hankerchief?"
ower - too: "far ower much"
owerheed - overhad: "owerheed i' watter"
Owse / owt - anything: "owse much" (anything considerable)
ofter / oaxter - the armpit
oyster-scaup, -scappy - oyster-bed - cf. mussel-scaup#

quaddle - to boil and bubble: "the pot's wauddlin on the hud"
quarl / quarel - a flag or tile
queen / quine - woman: "a good leukin queen" {also] used sometimes as a term of opprobium
queen's heed - a postage stamp
quey / quy - a young cow that has not had a calf; a calf is either a bull or a quey. "Stealing of two kine and two quies" 1628
quickens - the roots of weeds, especially...couch grass or twitch-grass
quicken-tree - the mountain ash
quicks - young hawthorn plants for planting hedgerows