The Town of Melbourne Beach operates under a Commission-Manager form of municipal government. The Town Commission consists of five members: the Mayor, elected as such and four Commissioners-at-Large. Each Commissioner and the Mayor are elected for three year terms. The Vice Mayor is elected annually by the Commission.

The Town Commission appoints a Town Manager, Town Clerk and Town Attorney. The Town Manager is the Chief Administrative Officer of the Town - supervisor and manager of all public business and affairs of the Town - under the direction and supervision of the Town Commission. The Town Clerk is the Clerk of the Commission, Chief Elections Officer and custodian of all Town records, books and documents. The Town Attorney is the legal advisor and attorney to the officers of the Town in matters affecting the Town; prepares and endorses written instruments in which the Town is concerned; and performs other duties as the Commission may require.

All other employees of the Town are under the Direction of the Town Manager.