Document transcript

M. Sc. (Biotechnology) degree program will comprise of four semesters. Candidates will beevaluated after each semester.

Final theory examination of 50 marks, assessment

of20 marks

andpractical of 30 marks in each paperwill be conducted at the end of the semester.Each theory paperwill have six questions and the candidate will have to attempt five questions. However, each questionexcept question No.1 will have two choices. Question No.1 will be compulsory and will haveobjective type questions from all the units.Sessional

of20 marks will be the total of two sessionalexaminations each of theory. One seminar carrying50 marks will be delivered each year by thestudent.

Dissertation:

The project work will involve indepth practical work on a problem suggestedby the supervisor of the student. The student will submit the results of the work done in the form ofdissertation to the head of the department in the fourth semester. The dissertation will carry 200marks. The dissertation submitted by the student will be evaluated by one external expert, head of thedepartment and supervisor of the student. The dissertation examination will be held in thedepartment and the dissertation will not be mailed to the external examiner.

molecular events in plants and animals. The mechanism of cell division.Programmed cell death. Extra cellular control of cell division,

cell growth and apoptosis. Cellularbasis of differentiation and development-mitosis, gametogenesis and fertilization. Development inDrosophilaandArabidopsis; special and temporary regulation of gene expression.

Maturation and processing of RNA: methylation, cutting and trimming of rRNA;capping,polyadenylation and splicing of mRNA; capping, cutting and modification of tRNA degradationsystem. Catalytic RNA, group I and group II intro splicing, RNase P., Genetic code, Protein synthesis:initiation, elongation and termination, role of various factors, inhibitors of protein synthesis.Synthesis of exported proteins on membrane bound ribosomes, signal hypothesis.In vitro

transcription and translation systems.

Unit-

IV

Gene as unit of mutation and recombination. Molecular nature of mutations

History and development of genetic engineering, its principles, basic methods and scope andmilestones. Isolation of enzymes. DNA synthesis and mutation, detection and separation, cloning andgene expression.Cloning and patenting of life forms. Genetic Engineering Guidelines.

Plant viruses: classification and nomenclature: effects of viruses on plants, histology,physiology and cytology of plants as affected with virus. Common viral diseases of plants (rice,cotton, tomato and sugarcane), viruses of cyanobacteria, algae, fungi. Life cycle species type of plantviruses like TMV, Cauliflower mosaic virus and potato virus X transmission of plant viruses withvector and without vectors.

Structure and organization of animal cell, cell physiology, equipments and materials foranimal cell culture technology. Introduction to the balanced salt solution and simple growth medium.Brief discussion on the chemical, physical and metabolic functions of different constituents of culturemedium, role of carbon dioxide, role of serum and supplements. Serum and protein free definedmedia and their applications.

Unit-II

Primary and established cell line cultures, biology and characterization of the cultured cells,parameters of growth, basic techniques of mammalian cell culturein vitro, disaggregation of tissueand primary culture.

Plant transformation technology, basis of tumor formation, hairy root culture, features of Riand Ti plasmids. Mechanism of DNA transfer, role of virulence gene. Use of Ti and Ri plasmid asvectors, binary vectors, use of 35 S and

other promoters, genetic markers, use of reporter genes,reporter gene with introns, use of Scaffold attachment, methods of nuclear transformation, viralvectors and their application,multiple gene transfer. Transgene stability and gene silencing.Genetransfer technique (direct and indirect).

Solid wastes: Sources and management (composting, ensilage, vermiculture and biogasproduction). Radioactive and other hazardous wastes and their management (sources and safety).Bioscrubbing heavy metals and organic pollutant (bioaccumulation, biosorption). Application ofmicrobes as biofertilizers and biopesticides for productivity improvement and crop protection.Principles of biomonitering and applications of biosensors for detection of environmental pollutants.Biomining: Use of microbes in biohydro-metallurgy and biomineralization.

Unit-IV

Global environmental problem: UV and ozone depletion, Green House Effect and acid rain,their impact and biotechnological approaches, and their limitations. Air pollution and its controlthrough biotechnological approach. Bio diversity and its conservation; Use of GMO in managementof environmental pollution. Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulphur cycles and their role in environmentalpollution.