Online, a Diverse Winter Olympics. But on the Ground?

The undeniable advantage in the Winter Games has long gone to nations with the strongest national governing bodies, which are the biggest financing system for athletes in training.

The Jamaican bobsled athlete Jazmine Fenlator-Victorian knows that advantage firsthand. A New Jersey native, she was recruited by the United States to bobsledding as a 22-year-old and competed in the 2014 Sochi Olympics. Yet Fenlator-Victorian, a dual citizen of the United States and Jamaica, decided to represent Jamaica in the Pyeongchang Games.

“It’s important to me that little girls and boys see someone that looks like them, talks like them, has the same culture as them, has crazy curly hair and wears it natural, has brown skin-included in different things in this world,” she said, fighting back tears.

“It’s important to me that little girls and boys see someone that looks like them, talks like them, has the same culture as them, has crazy curly hair and wears it natural, has brown skin-included in different things in this world” Jazmine Fenlator-Victorian #PyeongChang2018pic.twitter.com/9vfJ0FK1wL

“When you grow up and you don’t see that, you feel that you can’t do it and that is not right,” she said. “So coming back home to Jamaica, I wanted my Jamaican people to see that they can do it … if they want to be a winter Olympian and do Alpine ski, now they see their fellow Jamaican in the Winter Olympics.”

Nearly 3,000 athletes from 92 countries are competing in the Pyeongchang Olympics. Six of those nations — Ecuador, Eritrea, Kosovo, Malaysia, Nigeria and Singapore — are competing in the Winter Olympics for the first time.

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The Jamaican women’s bobsled team during the Winter Olympics opening ceremony. They have drawn many fans online.Credit
Doug Mills/The New York Times

Asia has also become a major force in the Olympics movement as the host for the next two Games after Pyeongchang. The next Summer Olympics will be held in Tokyo in 2020, and the next Winter Olympics will be held in Beijing in 2022.

For its part, the United States Olympic Committee said that its team is the most diverse it has fielded at a Winter Olympics.

Of the 243 athletes, 10 are African-American and 10 are Asian-American. The U.S.O.C. does not release data on other racial and ethnic groups because the national governing bodies for individual sports collect and report the data and have done so inconsistently (the sports ask but do not require athletes to report their racial and ethnic identities.)

Jason Thompson, the director of diversity and inclusion at the committee, said progress has been made in fielding a more diverse team, but that more needs to be done to recruit athletes across racial and ethnic groups.

“I think we’re not where we want to be,” he said, “but it’s a huge jump to show that winter sports are for everybody.”

The sports that have seen the biggest increase in diversity are those drawing so-called crossover athletes — those talented in one sport who adapt to a new one.

“Sometimes it’s just that they haven’t been introduced to the sport,” Thompson said. Many bobsled athletes, for example, are former elite track sprinters.

This year’s delegation includes Erin Jackson, the first African-American woman to qualify for the United States long-track speedskating team, and Jordan Greenway, the first black hockey player on the men’s team.

Biney, an effervescent 17-year-old and the first African-American woman to compete for the United States in speedskating at the Winter Olympics, has quickly become a social media darling.

She was born in Ghana and moved to the United States at the age of 5. She learned how to skate soon after, but her coach told her father she was too fast for figure skating. So she enrolled in speedskating.

“I think it hit, I think it finally hit,” Biney said at the opening ceremony. “I’m actually here at the Olympic Games. Holy cow. It’s awesome.”

On Jan. 3, Biney tweeted her thanks to “the real MVP,” Shani Davis, who is competing in his fifth Olympics. In 2006, at the Turin Olympics, Davis became the first African-American to win an individual gold medal at the Winter Games.

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Biney racing in the 500 meters on Saturday. She is the first African-American woman to compete for the United States in speedskating at the Olympics.Credit
Bernat Armangue/Associated Press

In her Twitter post, Biney said of Davis: “You’ve inspired me and paved the way as the first African-American speed skater to make an Olympic team.”

Davis has been in conflict with the U.S.O.C. after it used a coin flip to decide which athlete out of two finalists would carry the American flag in the opening ceremony.

The committee, he said in a Twitter post last week, “dishonorably tossed a coin to decide its 2018 flag bearer.”

Davis has not commented since, and has made his Twitter account private, leaving others to interpret what he meant by the Black History Month reference.

If Biney is feeling the pressure of paving the way for the next generation of African-American women entering the sport, she is taking it with stride. She was full of laughter on Saturday shortly after securing her spot in the final 16 in the 500 meters. “I’m just ready to get out there on Tuesday and let it rip,” she said.

Thirteen athletes from eight African nations will be competing in South Korea, the largest representation of athletes from African nations in any Winter Games. There has yet to be a Winter Olympics medal awarded to any athlete representing an African nation.

The Nigerian bobsled team has high, perhaps sky high, expectations to change that.

They make up the first African nation to compete in bobsled at the Olympics, and, win or lose, they said that they hope to make a lasting impression.

“This could be something that would be really cool, something that we give back, something that people could just be proud of and we could be just kind of low key, get it done, and we could just live in that legacy,” Seun Adigun, the captain and driver of the team, said in Pyeongchang. “Or, people would get really, really excited, and then we’d have to figure out how to manage life that way.”

They already are celebrities in the athletes’ village.

The Nigerian bobsled team appeared on The Ellen Show in December.Video by TheEllenShow

Yet they did not get to the Games easily.

Just the cost of equipment and travel can quickly overwhelm an athlete reaching for qualification. And for nations without Olympic delegations, much of the work that normally falls on organizing bodies instead falls on the athletes.

Nigeria had no bobsled federation until the women on the team created one.

Adigun raised a total of $150,000 on GoFundMe, a crowdsourcing website, to help fund her team’s training and gear.