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NOVEMBER 1971
Massachusetts
New Jersey
Wisconsin
Oregon
_lCRAlNDERRIES
Washington
Canada THE NATIONAL CRANBERRY MAGAZINE
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~~S: PECTCULR VIW O CHAOT BG, ASHIGTO
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Reviewed................................ 11~~~~~~~~"w :::
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Woman's.................................................... 13~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~::
Page
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SPECTACULAR VIEW OF CHABOT BOG, WASHINGTON
--ltwaco Tribun; Photo
Sevin, DDT and the Gypsy Moth ...................... 6|
Chioro IPC Use Reviewed 1.................................
11
ItWoman's Page................................. 13
_
DIRECTORY for cranberry growers
[Agay) EQUIPMENT
Complete Line of
Pesticides and Fertilizers
Helicopter Application
By "Whitey" of Plymouth
Copters, Inc.
HARRY T. FISHER, JR.
Agric. Chemical Representative
Purchase St. Middleboro, Mass.
Telephone 947-2133
___--~~~_
_
HAYDEN
Cranberries
Advertising SEPARATOR
Pa s WAREHAM, MASS.
Pays B Iigtin stems
DividendsgationSystems
UMPS
SEPARATORS -BLOWERS
SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT
I DARLINGTON
PICKING MACHINES
/
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The
;CHARLES W.HARRIS
Company
451 Old Somerset Avenue
North Dighton, Mass.
Phone 824-5607
AMES
Irrigation Systems
RAIN BIRD
Sprinklers
HALE -MARLOW
Pumps
Highest Quality Products
withSatisfaction Guaranteed
Electricity -key to progress
In industry as well as the home,
electricity has been a vital key to
progress. It is now and will continue O \
to be in the future, readily available
wherever and whenever it is needed.
A, NEW BEDFORD GAS AND EDISON LIGHT COMPANY
, i i)ii ii PLYM OUTH DIVISION
tEAnt PLYMOUTH, MASS.
FM.,Inte
,~0~fM.,
____—-
The National Bank of Wareham
Conveniently located for Cranberry Men
FUNDS ALWAYS AVAILABLE FOR SOUND LOANS
COMPLETE BANKING SERVICE
Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
CHEMICAL APPROVED A survey of the wild and culti-350th ANNIVERSARY
FOR CRANBERRIES vated producing areas for the U.S. OF CRANBERRIES
According to word from Donald and Canada showed New Jersey This year marks the 350th an-
N. Joy, Area Supervisor, Research with 27,500,000 pounds, second niversary of cranberries according
and Development, UniRoyal Chem-in the cultivated list to Michigan's to Ocean Spray . . . that only
ical, Division of UniRoyal, Inc., 30,772,000. dates back to the time of the
Mor-Cran has been approved for Pilgrims who we thought obtained
use in Washington. Performance test their first cranberries from the
work was done at the Coastal Wash-Indians who obviously had been
ington Research & Extension Unit, eating the berries for centuries...
at Long Beach. at any rate Ocean Spray is planning
Mor-Cran is a selective granular 3200 POUNDS OF CRANBERRIES natonwidcontes highho
herbicide for the control of butter-RUINED WHEN TRUCK stde e c esering riestfre
cup, barnyard grass and certain OVERTURNS cranberry reipes thestacher
other weeds in cranberries. It should cranberry recipes ... the teacher
btherweed asa broadcast treatment Brake failure caused a New Jer-of the student entering the top
be applied as a broadcast treatment sey truck .to run off Rt. 206 and recipe wins a trip for two to the
pre-emergence to the weeds durig spoil 3,200 pounds of cranberries. Carribean.
the dormant season. From March 1
to April 15 is the optimum time Four 800-pound boxes of berries PESTICIDE PROBLEMS
for treatment in Washington and in bulk spilled into a field and BUGGING MASSACHUSETTS
use is recommended only on well-were condemned because of con-STATE AGENCIES
established plants. tamination by leaking gasoline.
A general lack of knowledge of
NEW JERSEY SECOND AMONG Trooper Peter Scofide said the funding regarding the use of pesti-
BLUEBERRY PRODUCERS driver, Scott R. Trino, of Moores-cides in Massachusetts may be
town was en route to the Ocean coming to an end if the recent
The North American Blueberry Spray packing plant in Bordentown briefing by department heads for
Council announced November 17 when his brakes failed and the truck
^ f^T^^^^^< a.^^~ and.~Detruckthe new Secretary of Environmental
that the 1971 blueberry crop was ran off the highway and turned Affairs Dr. Charles H. W. Foster
up to 10.6 percent over 1970. upside down. He was uninjured. is any indication. The pesticide
briefing was one of a series con____
i. ducted for the new secretary to
i' uu P PKW1 m uu pPRMmaNbringm m m u m ii him up to date on matters
which became his responsibility
I ^M~ry Mg »upon his appointment by the Gov
eor
Cranberry Growers
nor.ors
The in-depth conference was held
August 19 under the auspices of
I B ~ea~~llV X the Massachusetts Department ofRl~eaI~ltyi Agriculture and Commissioner Nathan
Chandler and was attended
by representatives from the State
Pesticide Board, Department of Pub-
Dealing EXCLUSIVELY in Massachusetts lic Health, Division of Food and
cranberry acreage and upland. Listings Drugs, Department of Natural Re-
of buyers and sellers welcomed. sources, Division of Fisheries and
Tel. 295-9165 I Continued on Page 10
DOUGLAS R. BEATON I FOR SALE
2536 Cranberry Highway CRANBERRY BOG
Wareham, Mass. 02571
9 Acres & Upland
Mass. Real Estate Brokers License #73365
Bourne, Mass.
Tel. 295-1348
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CONTACT CONTACT
BILL STEARNS LARCHMONT ENGINEERING
99 WARREN AVENUE LARCHMONT ENfGINEERING PHIL TROPEANO
PLYMOUTH, MASS. LEXINGTON, MASS.
746-2610 862-2550
2
Mass.
Cranberry
Station
extension cranberry. specialist
Personals
Drs. Bert Zuckerman and Marian
Kisiel attended the Technical Com-
mittee Meeting of NE-64 at the
University of Rhode Island in King-
ston, R. I. on October 14-15. This
is a regional research project on
plant parasitic nematodes. Dr. Zuck-
erman was secretary for the group
and is now president for the com-
ing year.
Mrs. Barbara Nelson has resigned
as a member of the Station staff.
She worked with Dr. Zuckerman
on his nematode projects for sev-
eral years. The Nelson's have re-
turned to their native state, South
Carolina.
Harvest and Frost
The Massachusetts cranberry har-
vest was about 95 percent complete
by the end of October. This was
probably the best harvest season, in
regard to weather conditions, that
we have ever experienced. However,
because of the large crop and poor
fruit color many growers were slow
to get started and therefore, late in
completing their harvest. We sent
out a total of seven general warn-
ings during the fall, three in September
and only four in October. This
compares with 20 in 1970, 26 in
1969, 12 in 1968 and 20 in both
1967 and 1966. Our records indi-
cate that this is the fewest warn-
ings since the fall of 1955 when
there were only two To illustrate
the type of weather experienced
during the harvest we did not re
lease a frost warning for the last 19
days of October and only two of
those days had any rain to interfere.
I would like to express my ap-
preciation to Prof. Bill Tomlinson
for his very able work and judge-
ment in calculating and formulating
ASHLEY FIREFLY FROST ALARM
the frost warnings. We are also indebted
to the National Weather
Service (Weather Bureau), our cooperative
weather observers, telephone
distributors, the six radio
stations and the Cape Cod Cranberry
Growers Association.
Crop Estimate
The official crop estimate released
by the New England Crop
Reporting Service for October indi
cates the Massachusetts crop at
960,000 barrels, unchanged from
the August estimates; however, our
information is that this is probably
low and that Massachusetts may re
cord its first million barrel crop. For
the other states, New Jersey was
195,000 barrels, up 9000 Wisconsin
660,000, up 61,000; Washington
135,000 barrels and Oregon 67,200
barrels, both unchanged.
Weather
The month of October was very
warm at 40 a day above normal,
a day above normal
which is a record for us at the Cran
is record for us at the Cran
berry Station. Maximum tempera
°
ture was 82 on the 2nd and minimum
38 on the 8th, 9th and 13th.
Wei-not had killing frost on
We have a
the uplands through November 3.
thF: an o e
Warme than normal peris
red on the lst2n, , ,
23rd, 25th and 28-30th. There were
no cooler than normal days. Rain-
totalled 2.21 inches, about 1¼/
inch below average. There were only
seven days with measurable precip
itation, with 1.68 inches occurring
on the 10-llth. We are nearly 9
inches below average for 1971 to
date and about 5-1/3 nces behnd
oPRECISE-switch selection -25 to 38°F.
*ACCURATE-+0.5 Fs
eFAST-rapid response to temperature
change-flashing colored signals visiblewhich
•ACRTioS
.US^
a
X a. 5'::!;;
30
"
-''
.
ASHLEY FIREFLY
FROST ALARMI
0 t00002400;
:?i: A_ :
over half-mile.
green-safe
yellow-caution
red-danger
oDEPENDABLE-solid-state microelec-
tronic reliability-no moving parts-no
adjustments or calibration required-
complete operational self test provided
by front panel switch.
*AUTOMATIC-operation of external
pumps, motors, bells, etc. controlled
by internal transistor switch-accessor-
ies and hookup instructions available.
A-
i:1:
:fall
-^^t ii.,f. .
5"
DISTRIBUTORS
Cranberry Products, Inc. Panter's Feed Store
Eagle River, Wisconsin Bandon, Oregon
Call 715-470-4466
Hayden Separator
W.Wareham, Mass.
Call 617-295-0497
. ~ for the same period.
_____________________1970
— A-~~~~~~ J~~3
864
265
265a
365
465
565
865
1165
166
266
666
766
866
167
167a
367
467
567
1167
1267
168
268
368
368a
468
868
469
569
536
964
1264
965
1065
366
966
1066
1166
1266
567
767
867
568
668
768
768a
868a
Have You Missed These Articles ?
Cranberries Magazine's Reader's Service makes available copies of the
articles listed below which have appeared in past issues. Order the
articles you want to update your library. Please send cash or check
with each article requested. ORDER BY NUMBER.
TECHNICAL
-Casoron and Weed Control in Cranberries $1.25
-Evaluation of Newer Fungicides in Massachusetts 1.25
-Application of Granular Herbicides 1.25
-Fertilizer Requirements of Cranberries 1.25
-Encouraging the Bumble Bee in Washington 1.25
-Research and Problems in Weed Control in Wisconsin 1.50
-New Cranberry Varieties for Processing 1.25
-Observations on the Symptoms and Control of
Cranberry Red-Gall Disease 1.25
-Cranberry Pollination 1.25
-Casoron Retention in Cranberry Soils 1.25
-Progress Report of Trace Elements Studies on Cranberries 1.25
-Objective Measures to Determine Cranberry Yields 1.25
-Cranberry Speckling Can be Controlled 1.25
-Telephone Frost Warning Device 1.75
-Cranberry Ring Spot Disease Injuring Searles Variety 1.25
-Cranberry Vine Injury 1.25
-Control of Red-Gall in Cranberries 1.25
-Miscellaneous Thoughts on Cranberry Insects 1.25
-Cranberry Pollination 1.25
-Frost Forecasting in Bandon, Oregon 1.50
-Die Back of Cranberry in Wisconsin 1.25
-Control of Fairy Rung Disease 1.25
-Cranberry Varieties in Nova Scotia 1.25
-Wisconsin Cranberry Research Report 1.25
-Nitrogen Fertilization and Cranberries 1.75
-Sprinkler Frost Protection 3.00
-Chemical Color Enhancement of Cranberry Fruit 1.75
-Increasing Yields by Controlling Weeds in Nova Scotia 1.25
GENERAL
-Volume 1-Number 1, Cranberries Magazine (Reprint) 1.00
-Annual Meeting of CCCGA, 1964 1.75
-Washington Experiment Station 1.75
-Annual Meeting of CCCGA, 1965 1.75
-Our Changing Values in Cranberry Culture 1.50
-New Jersey Annual Winter Meeting, 1966 1.75
-Annual Meeting of CCCGA, 1966 1.75
-Early History of Massachusetts State Cranberry Bog 1.25
-New Jersey Research Center at Oswego 1.50
-Whitesbog, New Jersey 1.50
-Life on a Cranberry Bog Around 1900 1.75
-Daniel James Crowely, Sprinkler Pioneer 1.25
-Cranberry Growing in Washington 1.50
-New Direction in Harvesting Techniques 1.50
-New Variety in Nova Scotia 1.50
-Massachusetts Experiment Station Demonstration 1.50
-History of Cranberry Industry in New Jersey 1.75
-ACGA New Jersey Meeting, 1968 1.25
to
*5 CRANBERRIES
.,S,6SA / // THE NATIONAL CRANBERRY MAGAZINE
u .... _ .........-Our 34th Year of Publication
publisher
I. STANLEY COBB
editor
Issue of November 1971 / Volume 36 -No. 7 BERNARD A. MARVIN
Office: R-55 Summer Street, Kingston, Massachusetts
02364, Post Office Box J. Telephone (617) 585-3604
All correspondence and advertising should be sent to
Box J, Kingston.
DDT, SEVIN AND THE GYPSY MOTH ._____..___,__ _____............
are grateful to Dr. Robert Devlin of the Massa-advisors --
correspondents
We
chusetts Cranberry Experiment Station in East Ware-Nova Scotia
ham for his excellent article presented in this issue. . V. HALL
Much has been said and written about the uses and Botanist, Research Station
Kentville, Nova Scotia
abuses of DDT and other pesticides, leading to a great Massachusetts
deal of confusion and conflicting views. We urge all DR. CHESTER E. CROSS
growers to read thoroughly this factual account of Director, Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station
the situation. IRVING DeMORANVILLE
Extension Cranberry Specialist
Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station
New Jersey
ABOUT THIS ISSUE PHILIP E. MARUCCI
New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station
Recently we installed a new Heidleberg offset ren
Oregon
printing machine in our printing department to be DAVID KEIR
used for the production of Cranberries'magazine.As County Extension Agent
in the case of any new piece of machinery, much Coquille, Oregon
adjusting was necessary before satisfactory results Washington
could be obtained. The delays interfered with our AZMI Y. SHAWA
Assistant Horticulturist and
scheduled production, thus the lateness of this issue. Extension Agent in Horticulture
We hope our readers will understand-and thank you Long Beach, Washington
for your continued support of the magazine. Wisconsin
VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Eagle River, Wisconsin
NEW PRESIDENT
CRANBERRIES is published once a month by Pilgrim
Publishers at R-55 Summer Street (P.O. Box J) Kingston,
In a late announcement from the Massachusetts Massachusetts. Second Class postage paid at Plymouth,
Farm Bureau Federation in Waltham, we are told that Massachusetts Post Office.
Mr. Dave Mann, Buzzards Bay cranberry grower and Price is 504 per copy, $5.00 a year in U.S., $6.00 in
Mr.' DaveMann,Buzzars Canada; all other countries $8.00 a year. Foreign remittances
Ocean Spray director has been named president of must equal U.S. funds.
Farm Bureau for 1972.
Copyright 1971 by Pilgrim Publishers
In 1949 Cape Cod experienced a
potential infestation of the gypsy
moth similar in intensity to that
actually realized by 18,000 acres of
central Cape Cod woodlands last
summer. The 1949 problem was so
completely solved with the use of
3/4 pound per acre of DDT that
only relatively small areas(so-called
hot spots) had to be treated for
gypsy moth during the next 12
years!A side benefit was the control
of the American dog tick-vector of
the disease called Rocky Mountain
Spotted Fever-for a number of
years. Aerial application was used
because it provided the only practi-
cal access to infested wooded areas.
In addition, applications of this
type from the air are much more
accurate than ground rig spraying,
and most important, aerial applica-
tions assure consistently even distri-
butionof a pesticide.
Many small but extremely vocal
organizations havebeencondemning
the use of all pesticides because of
the alleged damage they do to the
environment and human health.
Many of their pronouncements do
noteven take into d a
consideration
the immense these ic
good chem
The unfairness of blaming pesti-
cides for all or most of the ills of
environmental destruction is in-
credible. Rachel Carson's dire pre-
diction of the coming of a "Silent
Spring" has just not materialized
and must now be laid to rest as
pure journalistic poppycock.
Several myths have been pushed
by environmentalists. They say that
pesticides have caused population
declines of robins and song birds
There is no evidence to support
this and, indeed, there is some
strong evidence that these birds
are on the increase You read and
hear the myth that pesticides, par-
ticularly DDT are killing the Bald
Eagle, and that the Osprey is disap-
pearing as a result of pesticides
causing the bird to produce thin-
shelled eggs. Alexander Sprunt, re-
search director of the Audubon
Society and famed ornithologist,
has attributed the decline of the
Bald Eagle primarily to shooting.
He did not mention pesticides at
all. For 35 years (1917 to 1952)
the state of Alaska paid hunters a
bounty of 50 centsper eagle killed.
Now
Oerr 100,000 eagles were killed in
al s of
exercise thisstupidity. Recently
rado. The sport consisted of hiring
a helicopter to fly close to eagles
in flight so that a man armed with a
12 gauge, three-inch Magnum shotgun
could literally blow the bird to
pieces. It has been estimated that
600 to 700 eagles were killed in
this manner in 1970. It is also
interesting to note the testimony
of Dr. J. Gordon Edwards before
t House Committee on Agriculture.
He presented data showing
that Bald Eagles migrating over the
area of Hawk Mountain more than
doubled during the first six years
of heavy DDT use in eastern United
States(1946-1952). There are many
more fully documented pieces of
evidence disprovingthe role of pesticidesingeneral
andDDT in specific
in the decline of the Bald Eagle. It
isvery likely that the encroachments
of man upon the natural habitat of
the eagle are to blame for its
decline.
As early as the 1800's, years
before the use of DDT, decline of
the Osprey along the east coastwas
noted. DDT was first used in the
it appears that the
population of Osprey may be on
the increa r survey at
A se. ecent
foriman Senate uncovered ators
necessity weapos rathergruesome s port inmigrating Osprey during the years
have do ne and theirabs olute investig a Hawk Mountain, Pennsylvania, of
toman as against indulged
the sprea d of tating iseases. ranc hers in Colo-DDT has reveaaleddevas d by Wy oming and of use steady
increase in number of these birds:
191 ospreys in 1946, 254 in 1951,
352 in 1961, 457 in 1967, and 529
ospreys in 1969. These are facts,
not myths!
There is no conclusive evidence
that DDT causes thinning of egg
shells in the natural environment
Only in the laboratory, do-
dwhere
be encountered in the field are
shells be demonstrated. Even in the
laboratory, despite massive dosages,
laboraoydespitasv
m deostage,
it was difficult to dermonstrate. this
The propaganda against DDTbythe opponents of pesticides has
resulted in the severe restriction
and even banning of this compound
throughout most of the United
States. In our own state there is
practically a total ban on the use of
DDT. It is a wonder to me that this
wonda er to
has occurred to a compound that
is probably the safest chemical for
yits purpose ever produced by man.
Dr. Robert White-Stevens of the
Bureau ofConservation andEnviron-
mental Science at RutgersUniversity
has stated that no evidence of
injury, cancer, or death after twenty
years of use, where at least one
billion humans have been exposed,
has ever beena authoritatively re-
ported with medical annotation."
The fact that people working in
plants thatmanufacture DDT,some
of them exposed to the pure com-
pound for as long
19 years, have
pound for as long as 19 years, have
revealed no significant linical ef-
fects is almosttotallyignoredby the
anti-pesticide people-perhaps be-
cause evidence ofthis sort represents
well-documented factual informa-
tion! Our news media ignore it
because it lacks the excitement of
a cancer scare. One should also pause
to reflect that literally millions of
people living today owe their lives
to DDT.
One reads in his local newspaper,
the national magazines, and hears
on television about the terrible
damage DDT has wrought upon the
environment and particularly upon
the health of man. You read or hear
that DDT is a carcinogen (causes
cancer) and a teratogen (causes
birth defects). However, it has been
proven over and over again that
none of these statements can stand
up to careful scientific scrutiny and
analysis. Carcinogenic and terato
genic effects have been produced in
the laboratory with the injection
of massive dosages of DDT. However,
it is pure and actually crude
laboratory ata proves that DDT,
carcinogenic or teratogenic to man
or smaller mammals. Indeed, just
recently Dr. Wayland J. Hayes of
bvry nwcaye
rbi Uttmnt M m
Vanderbilt University Medical Col-
lege declared to the Washington
State Legislature his repeated po-
sition of the past that "there is no
valid evidence that DDT is a carcino-
gen.
that by our news media
that a widely used chemical can
cause cancer or bith defects scares
cause cancer or birth defects scares
the layman "half to death." He
does not have access to the facts
and is not equipped or trained to
research the subject in the numerous
scientific journals. He has to place
his trust in what he hopes is an
honest portrayal of the facts by the
radio, television, and newspaper.
For the most part his trust has been
betrayed-only one side (the much
less researched but very vocal side)
of the story has been presented.
For example, does the layman know
as
Statements this
that many *natural products and
various phenomena have been shown
to be teratogenic to animals? These
include irradiation, vitamin defi-
ciencies, vitamin excesses, hypo-
thermia, or anoxia. IV the Charles
River Digest a summary of nutri-
tionally induced teretology in small
laboratory animals was published.
In that summary one reads that too
much or too little of vitamin A may
cause teratogenic effects. Also in
that summary teratogenic effects
were attributed to a deficiency of
any one of the following vitamins:
vitamin B2 , pantothenic acid, vita-
min B12, and folic acid. Intra-
muscular injections of niacin, vita-
min B1, or vitamin B6 can induce
teratology in laboratory animals,
DR. ROBERT M. DEVLIN
Associate professor of plant physiol
ogy and assistant professor of horticulture,
respectively, Laboratory of Experimental
Biology, Cranberry Experiment
Station, University of Massachusetts,
East Wareham, Massachusetts.
Again these are documented facts
not mere speculations.
Does theknow that
layman
teratogenic effects have been induced
in rats by that well-known
medicine cabinet remedy for the
headache, the aspirin? I don't think
he does know. Does the layman
know that single doses of 5 grams
or higher of DDT have been administered
to humans in the successful
treatment of barbiturate poisoning?
This. should be compared with the
1.28 grams a 154 pound man would
ingest in a 70-year lifetime under
present conditions. This is not taking
into consideration the breakdown
of DDT in the man's body over
these 70 years. It is most likely
that after 70 years only about 0.1
gram of DDT would be found.
Similar to 1949, Cape Cod experienced
an extremely heavy infestation
of the gypsy moth last
summer. But unlike 1949, this
present problem was not solved
with theuse of DDT. The vociferous
anti-pesticide groups did their job
too well and now DDT cannot be
used for this purpose in Massachu
setts. Concerned people may ask,
is there any pesticide that can do
the job in as safe and complete a
manner as DDT? The answer is no.
However, control agencies do have
a substitute for DDT called Carbaryl,
which if properly formulated
and applied will provide an effective
control of the gypsy moth. Carbaryl
is better known as Sevin, its regis
tered trade mark.
Sevin differs from DDT in that
it doesn't remain in the environment
for any length of time. For example,
half of the original deposit of Sevin
is gone within 3 to 4 days following
application. Because of this property
Sevin is called a "soft" pesticide.
In contrast, DDT does not readily
break down and does remain in the
environment for some time. Thus,
DDT is referred to as a "hard"
pesticide.
Because of theirpersistence hard
pesticides provide long-lasting con-
trol. However, hard pesticides build
up in the environment and it is this
property of DDT that has been
attacked most vigorously by the
anti-pesticide groups. They claim
that the build up eventually reaches
toxic levels.
Sevin, having the properties of a
soft pesticide, rapidly breaks down
following application. Surely in this
respect, the environmentalists must
agree that it is a good control
measure for the gypsy moth. It does
not remain in the environment and
is gone in a matter of days after
application.
Sevin has a safety record at least
as good as DDT. For example, no
serious illness from the application
of Sevin has ever been reported in
the 13 years that this pesticide has
been used throughout the world. A
truly remarkable record when you
compare it with such common ma-
terials as vitamins, coffee, nicotine,
aspirin, penicillin, etc. Again you
would think that such a safety
record would be applauded by the
environmentalist.
However, the opponents of pesti-
cides are at it again as loud as ever.
They managed through a furious
clamor to convince the State Pesti-
cide Board to ban aerial spraying of
Sevin within 500 feet of any dwell-
ing, traveled way, fresh-water pond,
ing, traveled way, fresh-water pond,
lake or stream, salt marsh or estuary,
or public water supply recharge
area. On the Cape this is tantamount
to banning aerial application of the
pesticide entirely.
Almost like a broken record you
hear and read the same old attacks-
Sevin causes cancer or Sevin causes
birth defects. Cancer is a particularly
good scare to use because of its
popular appeal to the news media
and its predictable effect on the
layman. However, Sevin has been
tested so thoroughly for cancer-
inducing properties that actual vol-
umes of data are available. The
results of exhaustive testing show
clearly that Sevin does not induce
cancer even at the high dosage levels
used in laboratory experiments.
These results have been carefully
considered over a number of years
by the Food and Drug Administra-
tion, the Department of Agriculture,
the President's Advisory Committee,
the National Cancer Institute, and
the Advisory Panel on Carcino-
genicity of the Mrak Committee.
Quite obviously the toxicological
properties of Sevin have been well
characterized with respect to cancer.
The charges that Sevin may induce
cancer become even more ridicu-
ious when you consider that similar
studies have been done in England,
Germany, and other countries, all
yielding negative results.
The opponents of pesticides have
launched a new attack on Sevin this
time claiming it is a teratogenic
compound. Like many common
compounds Sevin does induce some
birth defects in small laboratory
animals. It must be remembered
however, that these birth defects
are induced under experimental
conditions in the laboratory where
massive dosages are administered
to the test animals. In the labora-
tory, for example, birth defects
have been induced in test animals
with vitamin A, niacin (one of the
B-complex vitamins), aspirin, and
cortisone. These are compounds
we ingest every day or take as a
form of medicine when we are ill.
A March 1971, publication by
the President's Science Advisory
Committee discussed in some detail
how reports on laboratory-induced
teratology should be interpreted,
The Committee states that "the
imposition of restrictions on the
use of a pesticide would appear to
be a function of two factors, the
potential for human exposure and
the nature of the toxic effects. Even
the risk of teratogenic effects should
be placed in perspective." For
example, "it is generally held that
by careful choice of dosage, which
may be close to the acutely toxic
dose for the mother, most chemicals
might be shown to be teratogenic
in animals." The following statement
by the Committee should be
of particular interest to those people
'suffering the full punishment of a
heavy gypsy moth infestation as a
result of some very noisy and clearly
irresponsible anti-pesticide groups.
The President's Science Advisory
Committee points out that "the
important consideration is not only
the demonstration of teratogenicity,
which may occur with many chemicals
at selected dosages, but the
estimation of the likelihood of
teratogenic effects with the amounts
likely to be ingested incident to
recommended use. To restrict or
ban usage of chemicals on the basis
of demonstration of teratogenicity
at dose levels which far exceed
actual or expected exposures is
unreasonable and could well deny
usage of chemicals whose benefits
far outweigh risks."
Also in a 1971 publication Dr.
Leon I. Goldberg wrote that "there
is no metabolic pathway that cannot
be overloaded. Grossly aberrant
pathways and rates of metabolism
that may exist at exaggerated doses
make it imperative not to assume
that effects observed at those doses
are necessarily characteristic of the
changes occurring at lower levels
of exposure." He goes on to say
that "the lessons of yesteryear are
so readily forgotten. The production
of subcutaneous malignant tumors
by water, salt, glucose and a host
of other common nutrients seems
not to act as a deterrant to undiscriminating
experimentation by this
route."
Let us examine some of the data
accumulated on Sevin with respect
to birth defects. It has been found
that the no-effect level in lifespan
feeding of rats and mice is 200
Continued on Page 14
*[ESMW NEWS MU ment used in the production or
f+++++·.,I:+++++.-.Ia++.I -a++++++++++++~ handling of a horticultural crop
steadily risen from 39.3 barrels per
acre to the 72.6 yield in 1971. More could enter. This would include facthan
90% of the acreage in New tory-made equipment that has been
NJ_• l-• •• Jersey is presently harvested with modified by a grower to meet his
w+,~M~,-I.-'~.~+.B' TwT the water reel. crop needs. Judging is based on
originality, job the machine performs
and its complexity.
A very mild October made for a Cash prizes totaling $100 will be
very pleasant cranberry harvest sea-divided among the four winners. For
son in New Jersey. It was the warm-more information on this contest
more information on this contest,
est October on record, with the R please contact me before the Jan. 1
SONr
daily maximum temperature aver- entry deadline.
aging 72 °. The average daily mean 00
°
temperature was 62.5 , which is
one degree warmer than the prev-Soil Testing Materials Available ^
ious record in 1941. Preparations are now being made W SNS
As of November 3 there had not for continuation of the cranberry
yet been a killing frost on the up-bog soil testing program started last ++M+~++,(a+*+l4+++H++eIi
land. At Whitesbog the bog temper-year. There is every likelihood that The first week in October had
ature went below freezing on only many more bog soil tests will be above normal temperatures and pre
°
one night in the month-281½ on taken this year and I would urge cipitation for the State. The average
October 8. There were only three growers to be sure to have a supply temperature was 9° above normal
frost calls during the month, the of needed soil-testing materials on with several record-breaking warm
least ever made in New Jersey for hand before they start sampling. days. Showers and thundershowers
October. Many growers never flood-Needed materials include a soil bag occurred daily with precipitations
ed their bogs for frost protection for each test, an information sheet ranging from near /2 inch in the
throughout the harvest period. that will carry data for four separate south to over 2 inches in the north.
soil tests and an instruction sheet
The harvest of cranberries is nowinstruction sheet Two intense low pressure systems
about over and it has been a record that will explain how to sample bogs moving northward along the western
crop in terms of yield per acre. The and care for the samples once they fringes of the State on October 27
final crop will total in excess of are taken. These forms and soil bags and again on the 30th brought heavy
225,000 barrels, and may exceed will be available at feed stores in rains in the 24 inch category to ex-
the record crop of 241,000 set in Bandon and Langlois. They may treme northwestern counties within
1910. In that year the New Jersey also be obtained from the Coos the St. Croix and Chippewa River
cranberry acreage is given as 8,453 Extension Office in Co-watersheds. Remaining portions of
so the record crop was made on a quille. the State received only light to mod-
yield of only 28.5 barrels per acre. Contest Scheduled erate amounts. Temperatures re-
The 1971 crop was harvested from The Northwest Horticultural mained well above normal during
only 3,100 acres with an estimated Trade Show will again be held in the week with a turn to colder on
yield of about 72.6 barrels per acre, Portland'sMemorial Coliseum. Dates the 31st, but not until near 80 °
about 212 times the yield of the for this annual event are January 27, temperatures in the south had es-
record volume year of 1910. Pre-28 and 29. Cranberry growers who tablished new records on the 30th.
vious to 1971 New Jersey has pro-would like a chance to see many The last few warm days helped
duced in excess of 200,000 barrels new agricultural products and to boost the October 1971 mean tem-
in only five years; 1910, 1922, talk to sales representatives of all perature in Madison to 56° which is
1923, 1924 and 1926. In each of types of horticultural equipment 60 above normal.
these years the average yield per will find a visit to this large and
acre was less than 30 barrels per fascinating trade show well worth-
acre with the average of all five while. -FULLY AUTOMATIC
years being onlyt20.4. SCARECROW
only 20.4. An interesting sidelight to the A
ThundercapExplons
Since 1961, when William S. Trade Show is a grower's invention Frightens Wildlife
· Operates on L.P. Gas.
Haines introduced the water lar-contest open to all Oregon farmers Acetylene orCarbide
-Dealer Inquiries Invited
vesting method at his Chatsworth on a no entry fee basis. Any grower . Dealer Invt15
InquiriCE&65
bogs, New Jersey production has who has developed a piece of equip-351California St., San Francisco, Calif. 94104
PESTICIDE PROBLEMS
ConTInuDEPage 1
fROBM
Conetinued from Page e
su1
Game, University of Massachusetts
and other pest control experts.
All speakers noted the necessity
for controlled use of pesticides, the
lack of statistical information avail-
able on the control, application,
and varieties of pesticides, and the
serious lack of funds alloted to the
State Pesticide Board. The Board,
which has statutory jurisdiction
over the application of pesticides
and licensing of pesticide operators,
has only one full-time employee.
Consequently,the State has little
control over the environmental as-
pects of pesticide application be-
cause statistics such as the type of
chemical, amount applied, and the
location is not required to be
reported.
Dr. Foster, a professional en-
vironmentalist asked Dr. John
vironmentalist, asked Dr. John
Naegele, Director of the University
of Massachusetts Suburban Experi-
ment Station at Waltham, what
economic effect there would be on
agriculture if the state adopted a
policy of nol-use in regard to
pesticides. Dr. Naegele replied that
it would mean total alimination of
agricultural crop production in
Massachusetts annually amounting
to over $200 million, and would
have an equally severe impact on
other industries as well as human
health and convenience.
Agriculture Commissioner Na-
than Chandler warned that outbursts
based solely on emotion and not
scientific fact could have a serious
effect on the credibility of the
ecology movement. He said many
groups have substituted emotion
and rhetoric for facts and research.
If this continues, he said, agencies
which have been set up as environmental
watchdogs will cease to
function effectively.
The Commissioner cited the
Gypsy Moth invasion on the Cape
this summer. "Extreme environmental
groups through sheer emo-
tionalism incapacitated a control
program which would have alleviated
a serious problem," Chandler said.
He suspects that many people on
the Cape have already lost respectfor and credibility in the very
groups they have previously looked
to for leadership. Give A Cranberry
The problem goes far beyond Growin Friend or
the borders of Massachusetts. During
the 1969 New England Governor's Employee a Gift
conference, a special committee was Subscriptionto
established under the chairmanship
of Natural Resources Commissioner 'CRANBERRIES'
Arthur W. Brownell of Massachusetts,
to look into the regional
pesticide problem. That committee SEND THIS COUPON
reported its finding, noting that __
pesticide regulatory agencies in all ONE YEAR $5.00
the New England States are poorly TWO YEARS $8.00
funded andunderstaffed.Theo-—.—_
mittee suggested that a regional
clearing house be set up perma-Send to_____ __ __
nently. One of its primary functions Addr._ ____
would be to compile vital statistics
on the use of pesticides throughout ---——
the six-state New England region. Zip__
Another responsibility of the
At r o t Your name____
group would be to look into ways (Cranberries sends a Gift Card
of disposing of dangerous stockpiles announcing your subscription
of banned pesticides. Massachusetts request.)
alone has over 120 tons of DDT
awaiting disposal. However, the
most important aspect of a regional
organization would be to monitor Hirea Disabled Veteranl m
the environment on a regional basis
to determine what areas are becoming
saturated to a hazardous
level.
^ ^ I
. FMORSE JON,Inc.
....
Serving Agriculture
Helicopter Application Cranberry Highway
Division West Wareham, Mass.
CHEMAPCO, INC. 295-1553
-
CHLORO IPC USE ceived late last spring. This approval cases, this was fine for the newer
REVIEWED remains in effect, and Mor Cran will bogs where all nutrients were low.
By David Keir be added to Oregon cranberry weed But on many of the older bogs
County Extension Agent control recommendations. Copies some nutrients such as phosphorus
will be mailed to growers as soon as were building up while others such
Several growers Ive mentiond final approval is received. as nitrogen were usually in either
ha
toIPCme that(CIPC) h~asChloro excess or were deficient because
not given good weed control in past aications of w
applications of 10-20-20 were ap
years. In these instances, grasses plied too heavily once or twice each
that should have been removed TESTS SHOW BOG NEEDS ped tooheavilyonceortwice each
from the bog were not and so re-With ranberry harvest in full
year.
quired further attention later in the are cose n The break-through on knowing
season. In most cases where this ing,growers arere n which fertilizers to use on cranberry
problem with CIPC has arisen, I ceting on g g is year s bogs has come from soil tests. Soil
would have to say that timing of te crop in. However, harvest is just the nutrients levels are revealed by bog
would have to say that timing of the end of the yearly growing cycle for soil tests with the result that the
application was too late. cranberries. Once one crop is picked, bog fertilizer program is better
Experience with this herbicide preparations for the next must start. adapted to meet actual bog needs.
has shown that it is much more ef-In preparing for the next harvest Much of the guess work is thus refective
if applied in the late fall there are many things the cranberry moved and the result is that grower
after harvest. Azmi Shawa in his grower must consider. Such items preparations for the next crop year
November 9, 1970 Cranberry Vine as insect and disease control, frost are made a little easier.
strongly supports this timing. He and heat always have been of prime
says "Chloro IPC does a better job importance. Another item that is For Sale
in the fall compared to a spring ap-growing in recognition of import-
plication." In fact, he emphasizes ance among cranberry growers is
that the material be applied after bog fertility. I say this because in 15 Acres of Bog
harvest not later than November the past bog fertilizer programs 15 Acres Upland
for best results. were pretty much a hit or miss af-This bog is in top grade, complete
Weed control recommendations fair. For example, until the past with sprinklers, screen house, 1M
for Oregon bogs are now being re-year or so a good general fertilizer field boxes, sanding and picking
vised for the coming year. Some such as 10-20-20 was considered machines.
major changes are forthcoming. One satisfactory for bog needs. In most Call Kingston, Mass. 585-2582
deals with IPC which no longer can
be used on cranberry bogs. As mentioned
in a previous "Cranberry CRANBERRY GROWERS SERVICE, INC.
Corner," the use of this material on Little Harbor Road Wareham Mass. 02571
cranberries has been canceled. So
unless unexpected reinstatement is Ken Beaton -295-2207
received soon, it will not be mentioned
in recommendations. The CrisafulliPump Service
Another change will be the addition
of Mor Cran. As most of you *DRAINAGE ON PESTICIDE Specializing in:
know, approval for use of this new TREATED ACREAGE *DITCHING
herbicide on Oregon bogs was re-· BOG FLOW & DRAINAGE
*WATERHOLE CONST. COMPLETE BOG
*WATERHOLE FILLING MANAGEMENT
t'--'''"" ~--' *2· WATER HARVEST
Farm Credit Service *FLUME REPAIR *SANDING
Farm:~~~~ C
AUXILIARY UNIT
Box 7, Taunton, Mass. 02781 HARVESTING
Tel. 617 824-7578 The Crisafulli is the new pump (
,0fI for drainage or irrigation. The
Production Credit Loans pump unit can be hitched to *NETTING
Land Bank Mortgages a farm tractor or any other
vehicle with power take-off. *WEED CLIPPING
Butyl rubber discharge, 2" to
Office -362 Route 44 24". 150 to 24,000 gallons
RAYN HAM § | 24". 150 to 24,000 gallons
RAYNHAM, MASS.
Manar
WarrenR.Arnold, per minute.
Warren R. Arnold, Manager
1]
WARMEST OCTOBER IN
NEW JERSEY HISTORY
PRODUCES RECORD
CRANBERRY CROP
October was the warmest month
on record, with a daily maximum
average of 72, it was revealed by
Philip E. Marucci, research specialist
in entomology and extension spe-
cialist in cranberries and blueberries
at the Rutgers Research Lab in
New Lisbon.
Marucci further said the month
had less frost than ever before as
the average daily mean temperature
of 62.5 established a new mark, a
full degree warmer than the previ-
ous record set in 1941. The mild
month made for "a very pleasant
cranberry harvest season," he said.
"The harvest is about over, and
it has been a record crop in terms
of yield per acre," he added.
"The final crop will total in
excess of 225,000 barrels, and may
exceed the record crop of 241,000
set in 1910.
n that the New Jersey
year
"In that year the New
anby ais gn 8
cranberry acreagee is given aas 8,453
so the crop was made on a yield of
only 281 barrels per acre. The
1971 crop was harvested from only
3,100 acres with an estimated yield
of about 72.6 barrels per acre, some
21 times the yield of the record
year of 1910."
year of 1910."
Previous to 1971, Marucci
pointed out, New Jersey has pro-
FOR SALE
2 Western Century Pickers
1 3-wheel gasoline truck for
picking up cranberry
boxes in the bogs
1 Rolitiller I
1 International Cub tractor with
plow & disk harrow &
spike tooth harrow
M. S. DUARTE
NORTH WILLIAM ST.
VINEYARD HAVEN, MASS.
02568
duced more than 200,000 barrels
in only five years: 1910, 1922,
1923, 1924 and 1926. In each
case the average yield per acre
was less than 30 barrels, with
the 5-year average only 20.4.
"Since 1961," he explained,
"when William S. Haines introduced
the water harvesting method at his
Chatsworth bogs, New Jersey pro-
duction has risen steadily from 39.3
barrels per acre to the 72.6 yield
this year. More than 90 percent of
the acreage in the state now is
harvested with the water reel."
Marucci further pointed out that
so far this season there has not
been what he terms a "k'illing frost
on the upland."
"At Whitesbog the bog tempera
ture went below freezing on only
one night in October-282 degrees
on the 8th." he recounted.
"There were only three frost
calls during the month, the least
ever made in New Jersey for Octo-
ber. Many growers never flooded
their bogs for frost protection
throughout the harvest period."
CRANBERRY COMMITTEE
VOTES A 12% SET ASIDE
The United States Department
of Agriculture has designated as
"salable" 88 percent of the 1971
72 cranberry crop, presently esti
mated at 1,947,200 barrels. The
remaining 12 percent of the crop
will be withheld from normal do
mestic outlets, USDA said.
USDA's Consumer and Marketing
Service said the salable percentage
i intended to provide a sufficient
quantity of cranberries to meet an
estimated 1,750,000 barrel domes
etic tadedd, 0 b l
The Cranberry and Marketing
Committee said cranberries withheld
must meet the requirements
for U. S. No. 1 grade for fresh
cranberries for processing.
Officials said the percentages
and standards were unanimously
recommended by the Cranberry
Marketing Committee composed of
cranberry growers, which admin
isters the Federal marketing agree
ment.
II______
orth Carver Pine Corp.
ort arver,M ass.
SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND'S
MOST MODERN SAW MILL
Purchasing white pine timber standing or cut
logs.
be glad to talk
you.
us, and we'll 9Call it over with
Mill location Route 44, Middleboro-Carver
Town Line.
Wilard A. Rhodes
Willard A. Rhodes
President-Treasurer MAIN OFFICE 947-1234
COUNT ON CRANBERRIES
FOR LAST-MINUTE GIFTS!
If you have last-minute gifts to
make for friends and relatives who
always expect a delicious gift from
your kitchen at Christmas, count
on bright red fresh cranberries,
Nothing could be more colorfully
appropriate . . . nor more delicious!
CRANBERRY WREATH CAKE
(Makes 1, 10-inch cake)
1/4 cup melted butter or margarine
1/2 cup sugar
2 cups fresh or frozen-fresh
cranberries
1 package (18/2 ounces) yellow
cake mix
Grated rind or peel of 1 orange
2 eggs
1-1/3 cups water
Use a buttered 10-inch spring
form pan with center tube in place.
Spoon melted butter over the bottom
of the pan. Sprinkle sugar
into butter. Sprinkle cranberries
evenly over bottom of pan. Prepare
cake mix as label directs using
orange rind, eggs and water. Pour
batter over cranberries. Bake in a
preheated slow oven (3250 F.) for
45 to 50 minutes or until cake
feels firm to the touch. Loosen
edges of cake and turn out on a
platter cranberry side up while it is
still warm. Cool thoroughly before
cutting into slices.
Cranberry Wreath Cake and
Glazed Cranberry Sandwich Cookies
are not only festive-looking and
great-tasting, but very easy to whip
up in a hurry. Both owe their ease
of preparation to the use of pack-
aged mixes combined with the
cheery red fresh berries.
The Cranberry Wreath Cake
would be especially welcome if
GLAZED CRANBERRY
SANDWICH COOKIESe
Make
4 dozen
(aes 4 ozen)
2 rolls (18 ounces each) refrigerated
sugar cookies
1/2 cups fresh or frozen-fresh
cranberries
/2cup butterscotch pieces
2 cups confectioners' sugar
Lemon juice
Colored sprinkles
Cut each roll of dough into 48
slices. Place 48 of the slices on 2
delivered to a neighbor for Christmas
Eve supper, or brunch on Christmas
Day. And, your child's favorite
teacher would be flattered and
pleased to receive a gift of Glazed
Cranberry Sandwich Cookies, especially
if you packed them imaginatively
in a re-usable container
such asthis covered cheese dish.
large greased cookie sheets 2 inches
cr
apart. Top each slice with 3 cran
berries and 2 butterscotch pieces.
Place remaining slices on top of
cranberries. Bake cookies in a preheated
moderate oven (375 F.) for
12 to 15 minutes or until richly
browned. Cool on cookie sheets and
then remove with pancake turner.
Mix sugar with enough lemon juice
to make of spreading consistency.
Spread mixture thinly over cookies.
Sprinkle with colored sprinkles.
GYPSY MOTH
Continued from Page 8
parts per million in the diet, or
10 mg/kg/day. The no-effect level
describes that amount of material
that can be administered to the
test animal without producing the
sought-after effect-inthiscase birth
defects. Using the above figuresthe
no-effect level for a 70-kg woman
eating 2,000 grams of food daily
would be 6 mg/kg/day if her entire
diet contained 200 parts per million
diet contained 200 parts per million
of Sevin.
It would be impossible for a
woman to receive anything close
tothisamount in a normal everyday
to this amount a
diet. The World Health Organization
and Food and Agriculture Organiza-
tion of the United Nations suggested
that an acceptable daily intake of
Sevin is 0.01 mg/kg/day, or a safety
factor of 600-fold over the 6
mg/kg/day figure. A cross section
of foods purchased in several dif-
ferent cities has been analyzed for
Sevin and from the analysis it was
estimated that the daily intake of
Sevin by the average person is 0.006
mg per day. This represents a safety
factor of several thousandfold when
we compare what a person is likely
to ingest with the amount of Sevin
he can ingest without any effect
Considering how safe Sevin really
is, it is a wonder to me that it
works at all as a pesticide. But
apparently it does and we should
be thankful that we have a safe
method of control for the gypsy
moth and stop quibbling over
imagined disasters that might befall
us if it is used.
What about the breakdown prod-
ucts of Sevin? Do these compounds
represent a hazard to wildlife and
human health? This aspect of the
problem has also been studied with
great care and it is quite clear that
the breakdown products of Sevin
are even less toxic than the parent
compound. When Sevin comes in
contact with water some of it is
hydrolyzed to 1-naphthol, a com-
pound that is significantly less toxic
than the parent insecticide. The
Bionetics Research Laboratories,
Inc., under contract with the
National Cancer Institute have re-
ported that -naphthol "is not
teratogenic." It may be interesting
to note also that l-naphthol is
present in the urine of most if not
all people according to a study
reported in the Journal of Occupa-
tional Medicine. Finally, studies
have shown that l-naphthol, like its
parent compound Sevin, is not
persistent and can be expected to
disappear from the environment in
a matter of days.
a mattr of d.
The anti-pesticide groups that
have come out so strongly against
the use of Sevin for the control
of gypsy moth (especially aerial
application of the insecticide) offer
no practical alternative. They have
hoodwinked the public into think-
ing that natural controls are at hand,
completely tested, and proven ef-
fective. This is far from the truth.
One reads that the insect pathogen
Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) is the
answer to the gypsy moth problem.
However, after nine years of testing
BT has never been proven effective
and it becomes increasingly ap-
parent that further testing will only
be a waste of time. Several natural
enemies of the gypsy moth have
been imported from Europe and
introduced into New England for-
ests. Unfortunately, they do not
appear to be able to establish a
balance between their own population
fluctuations and those of the
gypsy moth. In addition, in Europe
where these natural enemies are
abundant the gypsy moth is still
a major problem. The extensive
damage done by this insect in
various parts of Europe has been
well documented by E. H. Forbush
and C. H. Fernald in their book
titled "The Gypsy Moth."
The USDA has been working on
a really exciting approach to the
gypsy moth problem and one that
should prove very effective and
completely non-toxic to other forms
of life. Scientists have long known
that insects, in most cases the
female,release sex attractants called
pharomones. The female gypsy
moth is no exception. She releases
a pharomone or sex attractant the
scent of which brings the male
moth to her. The USDA chemists
have managed to synthesize compounds
in the laboratory that closely
resemble the gypsy moth sex attractant.
I think it is apparent to
everyone the tremendous potential
such artificial attractants have for
controlling insect populations. But
we should remember one thing. If
the sex attractants do prove to be
NIEMI ELECTRIC CO.
Wareham, ss
Wareham, Mass.
Electrical Contracting -295-1880
Insure against electrical failures
by obtaining proper design and
installation of your electrical
equipment and requirements.
ROBERT NIEMI
TRICAL RI
Free Estimates
effective, federal registration for
their use will have to be obtained.
This means that these compounds
will undergo testing for carcino-
genic and teratogenic properties.
There is a good chance that large
unphysiological dosages of the sex
attractants will induce cancers or
birth defects in laboratory animals
just as other rather innocuous com-
pounds have done. If this happens
we will be right back where we
started with DDT and Sevin, pos-
sessing effective safe controls and
having them unfairly labeled as
unsafe by a screaming small minor-
ity.'t. ^Last
It is too late to do anything
about the situation in central Cape
Cod. Over 18,000 acres of wood-
lands have been laid completely
bare. The barren forests can no
longer provide food and protection
-wildlife has moved elsewhere.
Birds have deserted the leafless
trees and nests lie naked and un-
protected. In the truest sense, a
"silent summer" has descended upon
this area.
It must also be remembered that
this part of the Cape has now
experienced its second consecutive
infestation of gypsy moths. This
means that some hardwood trees
have been stripped of their leaves
for two years in a row. One more
year and most of these trees will
die. A single defoliation of a pine
tree can kill it, two defoliations
make the death of pines almost a
certainty. Can we afford to lose our
trees in this manner?
We should also consider the
broader picture the spread of the
^afibvarm~smaer massesc~ the o es
ad ou
yyear almost one millionion acres
of trees were defoliated by this
voracious insect. New York (430,000
acres defoliated) and Connecticut
(368,000 acres defoliated) were
hardest hit. This year the amount
of acres defoliated in Connecticut
is almost double that of last year-
about 640,000 acres according to
Dr. John Anderson, Connecticut
state entomologist. It is interesting
to note that the Connecticut Audu-
bon Society has reversed its earlier
position and is now backing the
use of Sevin on gypsy moths. New
Jersey had 130,000 acres stripped,
an increase of 300% over the previous
year. The spread of the gypsy
moth to the south and to the west
is picking up momentum. This pest
is now found in great numbers in
all of the New England states, New
York, and in Pennsylvania. Last
year, traps set up by state agencies
revealed the presence of male moths
in Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia.
Even worse, inspectors have
found egg masses containing thousands
of potential caterpillars on
cars, trucks, campers, and trailers
in Florida, Minnesota, Texas, Wiscnsin,
California and Virginia. A
follow u of dioveries revealed
that these vehicl es
hadited
infested areas inNew England.
It should concern us all that
more than 15,000,000 acres of
commercial forest in Pennsylvania
lie open to the ravage of the gypsy
moth. Once past Pennsylvania, the
moths could then spread into the
Ozark and Appalachian forests
NOW ISTHE TIME TO FIRM UP
YOUR PCA LINE OF CREDIT
Avisit to your
PCA OFFICE 1
may well be the
most profitable Production Credit Associations
ANTIGO MEDFORD WAUSAU TOMAH
X1 ~ MARSHFIELD STEVENS POINT
BLACK RIVER FALLS
move you make POIve
all \I ear
QI Intermediate Term Loans for Productive
* Purposes Made To Responsible Farmers
allJyear!
where 100 million acres of valuable
hardwood trees are present. Damage
caused by such a penetration could
have a serious economic effect on
the lumber and lumber-related in-
dustries. Do we stop the gypsy moth
now or do we wait until it is too
late?
It appears from the intensity of
the infestation on the Cape this
year, that the gypsy moth will
be with us again in 1972. However,
there is a bright ray of hope. At
their last meeting in July the State
Pesticide Board lifted its ban on
the aerial application of Sevin. It
was a wise and prudent move by
s a w nt b
and p m
the Board in response to the cry
for relief from the people who had
to suffer through this year's infesta-
tion. The very small minority who
do not want the aerial application
of Sevin can take comfort in the
fact that this pesticide has been
proven a safe compound over and
over again.
Wft _ i __a A AtAA
Harvesting of the second largest
cranberry crop in the history of the
peninsula was completed Novem-
ber 7. The 1971 yield totaled
43,385 barrels, according to J. Wil-
son Blair, manager of the Ocean
Spray receiving plant at Long Beach.
The all-time high production
from peninsula bogs is 51,000 bar-
rels, while last year's crop totaled
41,000.
Part of this year's crop will
never reach the consumer. To
comply with the U.S.D.A. "set-
aside," part of the crop has been
dumped here and part will be kept
in storage in case there is a shortage
next year. While there have been
set-asides in other years, this is the
first time any berries have been
dumped on the peninsula,
The Cranberry Marketing Com-
mittee of the U.S.D.A. voted a
12 percent set-aside program for
this year's crop. This meant that
the 41 handlers of cranberries in
the country would take all of their
growers' cranberries but only pay
them for 88 percent in view of the
fact that the other 12 percent was
determined to be surplus to the
country's needs, Glenn explained.
'l.U¢.lLl+4---:-.ll
Y1 AlfI
IA
++++++
We have had a splendid fall as
t m f O .
compared with the 50-year average
of 48.0. As of this date (Nov. 15)
have had no snow.
Cape Cod cranberries are selling
2 lb. for 59¢ in the Kentville stores.
The only local fresh berries are
fresh frozen.
HAZARDS OF PESTICIDE USE
· W~~~~~"BONOTO18 SE
A
SEEN "BLOWN OUT OF
PORITOINfOi
He said the wide-spread use of
chemicals is being replaced by "pest
population management. The day
of the man with the squirt gun is
gone. Now a small amount of
pesticide is used where it does the
most good."
Nagele said pesticides are essential
and that without them, for
example, there would be no marketable
apple crops here.
R
CRANBERRIES..
the oni
ROWRR
magazine
FOR SALE
acres of cranberry bog
planted with 16 acres of
The hazards of pesticides in theMcFarlanes
environment are "blown up out of
proportion," George Michael, direc-
tor of the division of food and
drugs of the Massachusetts Dept. of
Public Health said.
At a briefing held for the new
secretary of environmental affairs,
Charles Foster, Michael said, "sen-
sationalism" over pesticide abuse
is causing manufacturers and researchers
to back away from devel
oping products which could "further
improve upon existing conditions."
Michael, who is responsible for
registering pesticides, said their
usage has declined by approximately
two-thirds and that recent market
samplings evidenced no "violative
residue" in the food supply.
Dr. John Nagele, director of the
suburban experiment station of the
University of Massachusetts in Wal-
tham, estimated at least half of all
pesticides are used by persons not
involved in agriculture.
C t
Mr. Norman Keene
CANADA PERMANENT TRUST
674 #3 Road
Richmond, B.C. Canada
F R S A L E
OCEAN SPRAY
First Preferred Stock
Available at $15 per share
or Best Offer
Write:
BOX 21
EAST SANDWICH, MASS.
NOVEMBER 1946
Lemuel C. Hall, a founder and the Howes had probably overrun
editor of the Wareham Courierfor the original estimate by at least
51 years, secretary of Cape Cod 5 percent. This would give an
Cranberry Growers' Association average increase of 4X2 percent.
from 1913 until August of this
year, and associate editor of this
magazine, died at Tobey Hospital, Jet propulsion has been making
Wareham, Massachusetts, October history in aviation-jet propulsion
18, following an illness of four is the latest development in float-
days. He was in his 72nd year. boating in'Massachusetts. In this
craft, invented by an ex-GI, there
jet principle not only drives thee
Harvesting in Massachusetts was boat but agitates the berries up
generally finished by the end of from the bottom, with a claimed
the week of October 7, although efficiency far e7ceeding the usual
many were still cleaning up on berry salvage methods.
the first of the following week. Two or three of these have
That the crop may have run up been put to work on the bogs of
to the revised estimate of N.E. a few growers on a percentage
Crop Reporting service of 550,006 basis of floats gathered, and so
bbls. was the opinion of most. successful have been results, both
On October 24th, A. D. Benson from the point of view of the
tabulating crops of NECSCO growers and of the inventor, that
said these figures indicated a three a fleet of 25 or so are expected
percent overrun on Early Blacks to be built and placed in opera-
of the company membership and tion by next fall.
· GASOLINE * PROPANE GAS
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kingston
62 Main Street Telephone:
KingMassachusettons 11e 5 117
0Massachusetts
|585-6511
02364 _ |
Oilandgas
1 ^r CD O P o P~A
£aijsso
^________
This fall LesProducteursde
uebec, Ltd., on its bog near Drum-
m Povine o ebe
Candvie,Province ofuebe
Canada, harvested 185 barrelsof
Early Blacks, and 125 barrels of
Howes. Last year production was
1. ars Lar president
o he coa res he pro
ery has not nearly reachedfull
u ad the 1 b f
production, and the 125 bbls. of
picked on only 2
acres. He says that when present
plantings come into full harvest
the expectation will be for around
1000 bbls.
Wisconsin cranberry production
estimated at 128,000 barrelsis the
largest of record and compares
with 82,000 barrelsin 1945 and
t
crop is being harvested under fa
oher cniins. Berr
vorable weather conditions. Berries
go
cranberry production,
estimated at 13,900 barrels, is the
largest of record, and compares
with 11,400 barrels last season
and the average of 8,060 barrels.
The greaterpart of the crop is
expected to move to processors
again this season.
FORTUNE, October issue published
a factual and very interest-
with a full dozen of fine color
photographs. This article had been
about a year in the making and
was mentioned in CRANBERRIES
last fall. Other cranberry areas
were mentioned, but the sub-title
is "A TraditionallyAmerican
Fruit is the Business of Pilgrim
Descendants,"and the "Cape Cod
Area" of Massachusetts is featured.
INTRODUCTION TO ~~~~TO
~
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
By H. F. MCCOLLY, Mich. State Univ.
and J. w. MARTIN, Univ. of Idaho
553 pages, 6 x 9, 335 illus., $9.50
Explains the importance of engineering in agriculture and the
relationship of agricultural engineering to agricultural science.
Both the fundamentals and the practical aspects of these topics
are fully treated. The contents of this volume include Agricul-
tural Mechanics... Farm Power...Fa?m Machinery...Process
ing Agricultural Products. Farm Structures and Conveniences-
Products... Farm Structures and Conveniences
... Farm-buildings Investment and Economics . . .Soil-and
Water-conservation many other vital topics.
Engineering.. Soil Erosion Control ... and
~many vital topics,~.~
other
IRRIGATED SOILS, 2nd ED.
Their Fertility and Management
By D. W. THORNE and H. B. PETERSON
Both of UtahState Agr. College
392 pages, 78 illus., 64 tables, $9.50
Here is an outstanding text which pioneered in presenting
irrigation in relation to other soil management practices. Since
the publication of the first edition, research has shown that
maximum yields from irrigation are dependent on the proper
balance of such factors as fertility, plant population, plant
characteristics, and crop rotations. Just a sample of the contents
of this guide includes the salt problem, measuring irrigation
water, maintaining organic matter, fertilizer elements,
sources
and quality of irrigation water.
DISEASES OF FRUIT CROPS
By HARRY WARREN ANDERSON
Formerlyof Univ. of Illinois
501 pages, 6 x 9, $13.75
501 pages, 6
x 9, $13.75
For research workers, teachers, and practicing horticulturists,
this book provides detailed information on the diseases of
cultivated fruit crops in the temperate zone, both in America
and in foreign countries, with the exception of citrus and sub-
tropical fruits. For each disease the history, geographic-distri-
bution, symptoms, causal organism, hosts, morphology of the
pathogen, disease cycle, and control, and selected reference
sources are given. Diseases are presented in the order of their
importance.
Agricultural Engineering
Agronomy
Horticulture
Plant Pathology
WEED CONTROL, 3vd ED.
By ALDEN S. CRAFTS, Univ. of California
and WILFRED W. ROBBINS, formerly of Univ. of California
671 pages, 6 x 9, 171 illus., $15.50
Based on a physiological approach, this text and manual poses
the problem of weeds in agricultural production, describes some
of our most serious weed pests, introduces the principles o
modern weed control, and tabulates present day chemical meth
ods. It classifies weed control methods on the basis of thei
mechanisms rather than upon the crops to be treated. This guid,
also includes recent innovations in chemicalized control ant
reviews current literature in the field. Contents include biologica
control of weeds, herbicides-selective and non-selective, tillagi
methods of weed control, special weed problems, and scores o
other subjects.
SMALL FRUIT CULTURE, 3rd ED.
By JAMES S. SHOEMAKER, Univ. of Fla.
433 pages, 6 x 9, 64 illus., $10.50
Covers the culture of grapes, strawberries, bramble-fruits, cur
rants and gooseberries, blueberries, and cranberries. The autho
discusses culture problems for each region. Everything you nee(
to know is included for each type of fruit: brief history, list an
description of leading varieties, propagation methods, and al
^^ ^^^^.ai instructions. This comprehensive guide also give<
other cultural instructions. This comprehensive guide also give!
you valuable nstructions and suggestions for harvesting an
handling your crop. Throughout, the author emphasizes th(
practical applications of digging, planting, spraying, and othei
field work.
NATURE AND PREVENTION
OF PLANT DISEASES, 2nd ED.
By K. STARR CHESTER, Alton Box Board Co.
525 pages, 224 ilius., $11.50
This useful guide presents a thorough study of plant diseases
oriented to the needs of agriculture. Extensi,'e revisions of seed
treatment and spraying and dusting of fruit and vegetables are
included in this secondil editior-You'll also find complete
cover
age of the latest developments in disease control practices,
including the slurry, pelleting. and vapor-heat methods of seed
treatment. You'll also review the latest advances in non-metallic
organic fungicides, and innovantons ir methods of spraying and
dusting.
PLANT PATHOLOGY, 2nd ED.
By JOHN C. WALKER, Univ. of Wis.
707 pages, 6 x 9, 194 illus., $13.50
Here is a basic introduction to the field of plant pathology
written by an authority in the field. Its contents include a history
of plant pathology, nonparasitic diseases... bacterial diseases...
virus diseases ... relation of environment to disease development
... disease control through exclusion and eradication... diseases
incited by phycomycetes, fungi imperfecti, asomycetes, basidio
mycetes, phanerogamic parasites, nematodes, plasmodiophorales
... disease control through protection and through host resistance.
Special coverage of causal organisms of fungus diseases is
provided.
OrderFrom
CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE
P.O. Box J, Kingston, Mass.
02360
~ ~ ~ ~~iiiiii~~i
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Th cranberr ycrop must have benheav ,'"'% .
this year. One of the Skagit Valley i ~
trailers was being loaded at Ocean
Spray's Washington plant, when sud-.... :::''"/i~
denly one of the support legs crum-47,'
..
,~::::ii ~'
'444f.
~ii~~ii~~~:
pled. The trailer caught on a roof /.
section keeping it from rolling into
another trailer unit. The fork lift
operator had just left the unit 4,.,....44 / 4/*
before the collapse. "4g /' 44.4.
-Steve Schneider photo
'.4
19
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ijir
^ servinu the WISCONSIN urowers
FOR SALE
SEARLES JUMBO
HOWES, McFARLIN
or dlive in 1s71
I WILL GIVE A 10/
BOU ONL ANY0
BONUS ONIV ANY '
ORDERS PLACED NOW
FOR VINES NEXT YEAR
$300 Ton F.O.B.
Ben Lears $750 Ton
Stevens $1000 Ton
INTERESTED IN
PURCH^T^ONSIN
PURCHASING WISCONSIN
CRANBERRY PROPERTIES
Vernon Goldsworthy
B.S. & M.S.
University of Wisconsin
Cranberry Consultant
Fees Reasonable
EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN
'—"
CULVERT PIPE
and
FLOW GATES
Aluminum -Galvenized
Asphalt Coated
FelkFErBo MfSCO.SI
MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN
Area 715 384-3121
SUBSCRIBE NOW!!!
Cranberries Magazine is the only magazine
devoted exclusively to Cranberry Culture.
Give a friend or foreman a subscription
to 12 exciting issues.
^
Name
Address___________________
City State Zip
One Year $5.00 2 Years $8.00
Mail to: CABRISMGZN
^ ^ CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE
P .Bo
P Box J
Kingston, Mass. 02364
^
Mention
P'OTpe menaS
/
Answ Advertisem
JllT^' ~~~When YOU^
WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR
INSECTICIDES -FUNGICIDES
HERBICIDES
DUSTS -WETTABLE POWDERS -EMULSIONS
PARATHION -MALATHION
FERBAM -SIMAZINE
DITHANE M -22 (Maneb)
WEED RHAP 20 SEVIN
Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co.
P. 0. BOX 584 MADISON, WISCONSIN, 53701
Phone: Area Code 608 257-1019
At the rate we're going, your grandson
You really got to be something to have a bowl
named after you. You got to have universal
appeal.
You take your orange, for example...or
your rose...or even your cotton. Very popular
types. Your kumquat, on the other hand, will
never make it. Nor will your mushroom.
But your cranberry might. And it won't be
an accident. Right now at Ocean Spray a lot of
bowl fans are working their left ends off to make
it go. They do it by thinking up millions of new
may play in the CranberryBowl.
things to do with your cranber
ries so that more people will
use them, so that more people will
love them, sothat finally,in an impetuous
act of loyalty, there will spring up in Hanson,
Massachusetts, a colossal arena where each yeartheCRANBERRYBOWLwillbeplayed.Dg,
Just stick with Ocean Spray. Not Bl.)
only will you make a nice buck on your 'I
berries but when Bowl time comes think of your
cut of the ticket sales and TV rights.
Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine -link page
Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine -link page
PREVIOUS..............Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine October, 1971
NEXT................Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine December, 1971
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