Job Openings Rise, Yet Employers Cut Back on Filling Them

U.S. employers advertised the most open jobs in nine months in April but pulled back on filling them, a sign of caution that may reflect concerns about tepid economic growth.

Job openings rose 2 percent to 5.8 million, the Labor Department said Wednesday, matching a record high reached in April. Yet hiring slipped for the second straight month to just under 5.1 million.

The figures suggest that an annual economic growth rate of just 0.8 percent in the first three months of the year has caused businesses to postpone hiring decisions. There are other reasons that companies may not fill open jobs: They may not be able to find enough qualified candidates, or may not be offering sufficient pay to entice enough applicants.

The increase in available jobs holds out hope that hiring could rebound this summer after the spring slowdown. But one frustrating characteristic of this recovery for job seekers has been a persistent willingness among employers to leave job openings unfilled for a much longer period than in the past.

There were other positive signs as well: The number of layoffs fell 122,000 to 1.65 million, a low level that shows employers aren't worried enough about the economy to cut jobs. And more than 2.9 million people quit their jobs, a solid figure. More quitting is evidence that employees are finding new jobs, usually at higher pay.

Still, the report adds to evidence that hiring has slowed this year. A dismal jobs report on Friday showed that employers added only 38,000 jobs in May, the fewest in more than five years. In the last three months, job gains averaged just 116,000, about half the monthly gain of 230,000 last year.

The unemployment rate fell to 4.7 percent in May, but only because many unemployed stopped looking for work. The government only counts people as unemployed if they are actively searching for jobs.

Wednesday's figures track total hiring in April and come from a report known as the Job Openings and Labor Turnover survey, or JOLTS. The monthly jobs report released last week calculated a net total of job gains in May after subtracting those who quit, retired or were laid off.

As a result, it isn't clear what impact the rise in openings will have. The boost in job openings in April was followed by May's sharply lower figure for net hiring.

Some economists also attribute the delay to increased selectivity by employers, who for several years had millions of unemployed candidates to choose from. Many companies have also been gun shy about hiring after having to lay off millions of workers during the Great Recession.