Target pulls out of Canada. What went wrong?

Target said Thursday that it will be ending operations in Canada, nearly two years after launching an ambitious expansion into the country. Poor sales, a difficult market, and a lackluster holiday season ultimately spelled the end for Target in Canada.

A Canadian flag flies on the car of a customer's car parked in front of a Target store in Guelph, Ontario. On Thursday, Jan. 15, 2015, Target said it plans to exit Canada, citing the company didn't foresee operations being profitable there until at least 2021.

If Target was looking for 2014 to be a rebound from a tumultuous 2013, when an expensive security breach torpedoed its holiday shopping season, it didn’t happen. And the retail giant can blame Canada.

Target announced Thursday that it will shutter all 133 of its stores in Canada, not even two years after launching an ambitious expansion into the country. Sales were poor throughout the retailer's northern run, hurt part by the perception that prices were higher in Canadian stores than their US counterparts.

“After a thorough review of our Canadian performance and careful consideration of the implications of all options, we were unable to find a realistic scenario that would get Target Canada to profitability until at least 2021,” Target Corp. Chairman and CEO Brian Cornell said in a statement Thursday. “Personally, this was a very difficult decision, but it was the right decision for our company…we have determined that it is in the best interest of our business and our shareholders to exit the Canadian market and focus on driving growth and building further momentum in our US business.”

As part of the liquidation, Target Canada will apply for creditor protection through the Canada court system. The retailer employs 17,600 workers in the country, and says it is seeking court approval to contribute approximately $70 million to an employee trust that “would provide that nearly all Target Canada-based employees receive a minimum of 16 weeks of compensation, including wages and benefits coverage for employees who are not required for the full wind-down period,” the company said in a statement announcing the closure. “Target Canada stores will remain open during the liquidation process.”

The retail giant has been struggling to turn a profit since it first entered the country back in 2011. As this table from Globe and Mail reporter Luke Kawa shows, the company’s Canada profit losses have topped $200 million for the past five financial quarters. Target had hoped that changes for the holiday shopping season, including lower prices, would turn things around, but “we did not see the required step-change in our holiday performance,” Mr. Cornell said.

Target said it expects to lose around $5.4 billion in the financial fourth quarter of 2014 because of the Canada pullout, and about $275 million more in 2015. Its cash costs for the exit are expected to be between $500 million and $600 million.

Trouble in Canada is hardly unique to Target – economic growth in the country is slow and crowded, and there are more business regulations than in other major growth markets, like China, making it a difficult market for US retailers looking to expand. Best Buy and Big Lots have also shuttered Canadian stores in recent years; Wal-Mart, Sears, and Lowe’s have all seen their sales in the country slide.