Oils high in unsaturated fats extracted from the bodies of fish or fish parts, especially the livers. Those from the liver are usually high in vitamin A. The oils are used as dietary supplements, in soaps and detergents, as protective coatings, and as a base for other food products such as vegetable shortenings.MSH

An oil derived from the tissues of oily fish. Fish oil is considered valuable due to its high content of omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentanoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. Such fatty acids are not actually produced in fish, but are accumulated from phytoplankton which produce omega-3 fatty acids.NCI

Venoms produced by FISHES, including SHARKS and sting rays, usually delivered by spines. They contain various substances, including very labile toxins that affect the HEART specifically and all MUSCLES generally.MSH

A group of cold-blooded, aquatic vertebrates having gills, fins, a cartilaginous or bony endoskeleton, and elongated bodies covered with scales.MSH

any of numerous cold-blooded strictly aquatic craniate vertebrates that include the bony fishes and usually the cartilaginous and jawless fishes and that have typically an elongated somewhat spindle-shaped body terminating in a broad caudal fin, limbs in the form of fins when present at all, and a 2-chambered heart by which blood is sent through thoracic gills to be oxygenated.CSP

A grouping of jawed and jawless vertebrate animals usually having fins and a covering of scales or plates, breathing by means of gills, and living almost entirely in the water.NCI

Abnormal communication most commonly seen between two internal organs, or between an internal organ and the surface of the body.MSH

A fistula is an abnormal connection between two parts inside of the body. Fistulas can happen because of injury, infection or inflammation. They may develop between different organs such as between the esophagus and the windpipe, or the bowel and the vagina. They can also develop between two blood vessels such as between an artery and a vein, or between two arteries.

MEDLINEPLUS

An abnormal opening or passage between two organs or between an organ and the surface of the body. Fistulas may be caused by injury, infection, or inflammation, or may be created during surgery.NCI

Agents employed in the preparation of histologic or pathologic specimens for the purpose of maintaining the existing form and structure of all of the constituent elements. Great numbers of different agents are used; some are also decalcifying and hardening agents. They must quickly kill and coagulate living tissue.MSH

A whiplike motility appendage present on the surface cells. Prokaryote flagella are composed of a protein called FLAGELLIN. Bacteria can have a single flagellum, a tuft at one pole, or multiple flagella covering the entire surface. In eukaryotes, flagella are threadlike protoplasmic extensions used to propel flagellates and sperm. Flagella have the same basic structure as CILIA but are longer in proportion to the cell bearing them and present in much smaller numbers. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)MSH

whiplike motility appendage present on cell surfaces; eukaryote flagella arise from basal bodies, and are composed of nine pairs of microtubules arrayed around a central pair; flagella are common to all mastigophoran protozoa and occur in such specialized cells as spermatozoa; bacterial flagella are thinner and simpler, composed of strands of flagellin; flagella have the same basic structure as cilia but are longer in proportion to the cell bearing them and present in much smaller numbers.CSP

Long whiplike or feathery structures borne either singly or in groups by the motile cells of many bacteria and unicellular eukaryotes and by the motile male gametes of many eukaryotic organisms, which propel the cell through a liquid medium. [SP_KW:KW-0282]GO

A protein with a molecular weight of 40,000 isolated from bacterial flagella. At appropriate pH and salt concentration, three flagellin monomers can spontaneously reaggregate to form structures which appear identical to intact flagella.MSH

Common name for the order Pleuronectiformes. A very distinctive group in that during development they become asymmetrical, i.e., one eye migrates to lie adjacent to the other. They swim on the eyeless side. FLOUNDER, sole, and turbot, along with several others, are included in this order.MSH

Production or presence of gas in the gastrointestinal tract which may be expelled through the anus.MSH

Gas or air in the gastrointestinal tract.NCI

Excretion in gaseous state processed in the stomach and small intestine.FMA

Everyone has gas. Most people produce about 1 to 4 pints a day and pass gas about 14 times a day. Passing gas through the mouth is called belching or burping. Passing gas through the rectum is called flatulence. Most of the time gas does not have an odor. The odor comes from bacteria in the large intestine that release small amounts of gases that contain sulfur.

Gas in the digestive tract comes from two sources: air that you swallow and the breakdown of undigested food by bacteria in the large intestine. Certain foods may cause gas. Foods that produce gas in one person may not cause gas in another. Drinking lots of water and non-fizzy drinks and chewing food more to lessen the amount of air you swallow when you eat can help reduce gas. For people with lactose intolerance, avoiding milk products will help.

NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

MEDLINEPLUS

A disorder characterized by a state of excessive gas in the alimentary canal.NCI

Gas or air in the gastrointestinal tract.NCI

Excretion in gaseous state processed the stomach and small intestine.UWDA

A genus of FLAVIVIRIDAE containing several subgroups and many species. Most are arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes or ticks. The type species is YELLOW FEVER VIRUS.MSH

A family of enveloped viruses with a genome consisting of a single molecule of linear positive-sense single-stranded RNA. They infect molluscs, mammals, and birds and are transmitted by arthropod vectors. The family includes the hepatitis C and hepatitis G viruses.NCI

A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria widely distributed in SOIL and WATER. Its organisms are also found in raw meats, MILK and other FOOD, hospital environments, and human clinical specimens. Some species are pathogenic in humans.MSH

A species of Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, bacterium in the phylum Bacteroidetes that are motile by gliding.NCI

Any bacteria that is not assigned to the species level but can be assigned to the Flavobacterium genus level.NCI

A low-molecular-weight (16,000) iron-free flavoprotein containing one molecule of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and isolated from bacteria grown on an iron-deficient medium. It can replace ferredoxin in all the electron-transfer functions in which the latter is known to serve in bacterial cells.MSH

low molecular weight iron-free flavoprotein containing one molecule of flavin mononucleotide and isolated from bacteria grown on an iron-deficient medium; can replace ferredoxin in all the electron-transfer functions in which the latter is known to serve in bacterial cells.CSP

protein containing a flavin ribonucleotide as a prosthetic group; most are enzymes; many are found in complexes containing metal ions and an iron-sulfur complex or a heme; they catalyze a wide variety of oxidation-reduction reactions.CSP

A drug that has been used in various urinary syndromes and as an antispasmodic. Its therapeutic usefulness and its mechanism of action are not clear. It may have local anesthetic activity and direct relaxing effects on smooth muscle as well as some activity as a muscarinic antagonist.MSH

A synthetic parasympatholytic with antimuscarinic, muscle relaxant and urinary antispasmodic properties. Flavoxate binds and inhibits muscarinic receptors, thereby suppressing the micturition reflex and increases urinary bladder capacity by modifying the micturition center in the brain stem. In addition, this agent has been found to inhibit cyclic AMP formation in striatal membranes of the brain through stimulation of pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein-coupled receptors which in turn suppress isovolumetric urinary bladder contraction.NCI