by Jarrett Bell, USA TODAY Sports

by Jarrett Bell, USA TODAY Sports

The topic is toughness. It's one of the keywords in the case involving Miami Dolphins offensive tackle Jonathan Martin.

"Tough is not a physical state," former NFL defensive coordinator Greg Blache told USA TODAY Sports. "Football is such a mental game. The toughness is more mental.

"If you're confident in your techniques, you play faster. It looks more aggressive and physical, but it's really about mental toughness."

Blache's definition is intriguing because it might run counter to first-glance intuitions about the brutal, violent sport.

With injuries occurring at a record pace and the physical condition of retired players generating more awareness than ever, the toughness is more mental?

"You don't have to be a savage animal to play in the NFL," Blache said. It's a misconception."

Martin filed a complaint contending that bullying from guard Richie Incognito -- at least some of which was captured on a racially charged and threatening voicemail -- contributed to him leaving the team last week. He has sought counseling.

Yet those actions, in the macho NFL culture, have in some arenas turned against Martin to fuel questions about his toughness.

Even Martin's high school coach wondered whether his former player, a low-key Stanford grad, would fit in with more aggressive personalities in NFL locker rooms from different types of programs.

Vic Eumont, the coach at Harvard-Westlake in California, told The Palm Beach Post that because of Martin's academically rich background, he's the perfect target to be bullied.

"I just feel like you have to be mentally tough at some level to take jokes and stuff," Dolphins offensive tackle Bryant McKinnie told USA TODAY Sports on Thursday. "It wasn't like he was getting beat up."

The Sun Sentinel reported this week, citing unnamed sources, that coaches asked Incognito to toughen up Martin after he missed two days of voluntary workouts last spring.

As the NFL investigation unfolds, confirming the facts related to the report -- which might ultimately cost jobs -- is essential.

One thing is certain: Incognito's tactics backfired.

Martin's camp, meanwhile, has counterattacked.

"Jonathan Martin's toughness is not at issue," attorney David Cornwell, representing Martin, said in a statement released Thursday. "Jonathan has started every game with the Miami Dolphins (before his departure) since he was drafted in 2012. At Stanford, he was the anchor for Jim Harbaugh's 'smash mouth' brand of football and he protected Andrew Luck's blind side.

"The issue is Jonathan's treatment by his teammates. Jonathan endured harassment that went far beyond the traditional locker room hazing."

Although Dolphins coach Joe Philbin has maintained that he had no knowledge of issues between Martin and Incognito, it's not clear whether offensive line coach Jim Turner or other coaches had an inkling of problems -- or tactics.

That's of extreme interest to the NFL Players Association as it monitors the case.

I asked Blache -- who coordinated defenses for Washington and the Chicago Bears and coached the D-line for Washington, the Indianapolis Colts and Green Bay Packers -- to shed light of how he would toughen up a player.

"I'd do it myself," he said. "You don't have other people doing it. That's what I got paid for."

Another former coach, Marty Schottenheimer, said that he can't recall singling out a player to be toughened up. He struggled to define toughness in the NFL context, but like Blache separated mental from physical toughness.

Scottenheimer won 205 career games as a head coach with the Cleveland Browns, Kansas City Chiefs, Washington and the San Diego Chargers.

"I'm not sure that you can toughen anybody up," he said. "You certainly can't do it by berating them. I don't know if that's what they did. I just know this has been very disappointing for the league."

Blache finds it amusing that some people might equate toughness with a hard-edged personality. In Green Bay, Blache was Reggie White's position coach.

"Reggie was one of the most kind, warm-hearted people off the field," Blache says of the late Hall of Famer. "He had a gentle personality. On the field, he brought it."

Still, Blache realizes that there is indeed an adjustment transitioning from the college level to the NFL. Not only are the players bigger, faster and stronger, but the experience and skill level also underscore the steep competitive curve.

In Martin's case, the Dolphins played him at right tackle as a rookie.