Causes and Considerations of Overtraining

Overtraining is a physical, behavioral, and emotional condition that occurs when the volume and intensity of an individual's exercise exceeds their recovery capacity. They cease making progress, and can even begin to lose strength and fitness. Overtraining is a common problem in weight training, but it can also be experienced by runners and other athletes.

Overtraining is the downside of training, the trap that can derail an athlete’s success. It’s a real physical condition caused by pushing too hard for too long. It can happen with too much exercise, too much intense exercise, or both. Its hallmarks are poor performances, exhaustion and apathy.

The primary cause of OTS is excessive training over a long period of time combined with inadequate rest. However, this does not appear to be the sole cause, which is another reason some experts prefer the term unexplained underperformance syndrome. The various symptoms of overtraining are understood to represent a maladaptation to the stress of training. Because all sources of stress, whether physiologic or psychological, are processed by the body in similar ways, sources of stress outside of training (e.g. job stress) can combine with training to create a total “allostatic load” that results in overtraining symptoms.

There are several ways you can objectively measure some signs of overtraining. One is by documenting your heart rates over time. Track your aerobic heart rate at a specific exercise intensities and speed throughout your training and write it down. If your pace starts to slow, your resting heart rate increases and you experience other symptoms, you may heading into overtraining syndrome. You can also track your resting heart rate each morning. Any marked increase from the norm may indicate that you aren't fully recovered.

If you suspect you are overtraining, start with the following: •Rest and Recover. Reduce or stop exercise and allow yourself a few days of rest. •Hydrate, Drink plenty of...

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...Overtraining
In this article I am going to be talking about overtraining in the weight room. I am going to tell you how to prevent from overtraining, what kind of diet you should be on, what the symptoms are, how long you should be in the gym a day, how much rest you should be getting, and other very important facts you should know about overtraining.
Overtraining is an emotional, behavioral and physical condition that occurs when the volume and intensity of an individual's exercise exceeds their recovery capacity. They cease making progress, and can even begin to lose strength and fitness. Overtraining is a common problem in weight training, but it can also be experienced by runners and other athletes.
One of the most serious problems when it comes to working out is overtraining. Overtraining is no laughing matter; it is very serious and should be taken care of immediately. A lot of people do not realize when they are overtraining. They don’t know the symptoms, and they probably have most of them. If you don’t know what they are, and you think you are overtraining you should do some research and find out what they are.
The symptoms of overtraining are: Pain in muscles & joints, Washed-out feeling, tired, drained, lack of energy, fatigue, Headaches, Inability to relax, twitchy, fidgety, Unquenchable...

...executory, executed and past consideration is as follows :
Executory consideration consists of a promise to do something in the future. The consideration is called executory because when the contract is made the promisor has not yet performed (executed) his consideration. If we examine a typical bilateral contract, we see that the consideration of both parties was executory. If, for example, customer orders goods which a shopkeeper undertakes to obtain from the manufacturer, the shopkeeper promises to supply the goods and the customer promises to accept and pay for them. Neither has yet done anything but each has given a promise to obtain the promise of the other. It would be breach of the contract if either withdrew without the consent of the other. Also, it can refer to the case of Murugesu v Nadarajah [1980] 2 MLJ 82 :
M agreed to sell his house to N. An agreement was written on a scrap paper and says “agree to sell my house No. (address) held under…. to Mr. N, the present tenant of the house at $26,000.- within three months from the date.”. M later refused to sell the house and a specific performance was ordered at the trial and the appellant took the matter to Federal Court.
Held : The appeal was dismissed. The agreement must be seen to be a case of Executory consideration. A promise is made by one party in return for a promise made by the other; in such a case...

... CONSIDERATION IN CONTRACT
PRESENTED BY :
NAME : Siddharth Dalabehera
ROLL : 1283092
COURSE : BA LLB (B)
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF : MS. Jinia Kundu
and
MR. P. K. Ghosh
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I owe a great many thanks to a great many people who helped and supported me during the making this project.
My deepest thanks to Lecturer, Ms. Jinia Kundu and Mr. P. K. Ghosh, the Guide of the project for guiding and correcting various documents of mine with attention and care. They had taken pain to go through the project and make necessary correction as and when needed.
I express my thanks to the Director of, KLS, for providing us with a great library.
I would also thank my Institution and my faculty members without whom this project would have been a distant reality. I also extend my heartfelt thanks to my family and well wishers.
Siddharth Dalabehera
1283092
LIST OF CASES REFFERED :
* THOMAS v. THOMAS,1842
* CURRIE v. MISA,1872
* HARRIES v. SHEFFIELD UNITED FOOTBALL CLUB LTD.,1988
* WILLIAMS v. ROFFEY BROOS and NICHOLLAS,1990
* BOOTHBEY v. SOWDEN,1812
* WOOD v. ROBARTS,1818
* COOK v. LISTER,1863
CONTENTS
* INTRODUCTION TO CONTRACT
* DEFINITION OF CONSIDERATION
*...

...﻿Introduction
Consideration is one of the essential elements for a formation of a contract.1 According to Lord Pollock’s definition of consideration which is an act or forbearance of one party, or the promise thereof, is the price for which the promise of the other is bought and the promise thus given for value is enforceable.2 Besides that, consideration must be something of value given or promised in exchange for the promise given by the other party in order for a valid contract to be formed.3 The term “something of value” can be defined as a payment, an act or services, an object or giving up legal right. There are certain rules of consideration that have been established in the precedent case. The first rule of consideration is it will only exist when a contract is to be enforceable.4 Secondly, a good consideration can be done in the present and future but not the past.5 A consideration can be done even though the promisor has no knowledge of it.6 The fourth rule of consideration is it does not have to be adequate or commercially realistic.7 Also, consideration must be tangible and cannot be too vague.8 Lastly, consideration must be legally sufficient in the eye of the law.9 The objective of this research essay is to discuss and explain the rule of the consideration which is consideration does not have...

...Consideration
Student Name
Instructor Name
University Affiliation
Date
Abstract
Consideration is the price that the promisor asks in exchange for their promise, that is, the price of a given promise. Consideration is not a significant part of a contract in a number of jurisdictions. Once parties have reached a binding agreement, that becomes sufficient. Nevertheless, the common law requires that for agreement to be binding, the person to whom a promise is made (promisee) must offer consideration (maybe in monetary terms) for the promise given to him (Lorenzen, 1918, p.28). Hence, most gratuitous promises are never enforced because of a few exceptions. There are different types of consideration and they include:
Executory consideration
Executory consideration is a type of consideration where the promise has not yet completed the requirements of the consideration. Therefore, executory consideration will exist in cases where the promisor’s promise is made in return for a counter-promise from the plaintiff. For instance, A makes a promise of delivering some products to B at a future date and B promises to make payment for the goods once he receives the shipment. B can sue A for breach of contract if A fails to deliver the goods (Carter et al., 1996, p. 312).
Executed consideration...

...﻿Consideration
In contract law consideration is concerned with the bargain of the contract. A contract is based on an exchange of promises. Each party to a contract must be both a promisor and a promisee. They must each receive a benefit and each suffer a detriment. This benefit or detriment is referred to as consideration.
Consideration must be something of value in the eyes of the law - (Thomas v Thomas). This excludes promises of love and affection, gaming and betting etc. A one sided promise which is not supported by consideration is a gift. The law does not enforce gifts unless they are made by deed.
Whilst the common law strictly adheres to the requirement of consideration (although in some instances the courts seem to go to some lengths to invent consideration eg Ward v Byham, Williams v Roffey Bros) equity will, in some instances, uphold promises which are not supported by consideration through the doctrine of promissory estoppel.
Rules of consideration
There are various rules governing the law of consideration:
1. The consideration must not be past.
2. The consideration must be sufficient but need not be adequate.
3. The consideration must move from the promisee.
4. An existing public duty will not amount to valid consideration.
5. An existing contractual duty will...

...Causes of World War One
Isaiah Puryear
Mr. Noble 4th
3-25-13
World War One had many key players, countries and empires being Great Britain, France, German, Austria-Hungary and Russia. Some of the key battles of WW1 were the battle of Marne 1914-1918, battle of Ypres 1914,1915 and 1917,the battle of Somme 1916, battle of Cambria and the famous battle of Verdun 1916. The two sides of the war were the triple Alliance consisting of the central European empires being Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy (which does not enter war). And the other half of the war the Triple Entente made up of Great Britain, France and Russia.WW1 was started by the race to power, when one country upgraded their military other countries went and upgraded their militaries so they can stay on the top. The idea of Nationalism mixed with Militarism, triple Alliance and Triple Entente would all come together to cause truly a world war.
How did Militarism affect World War One? Well even though the Schlieffen Plan would channel the anger of Great Britain and slide that into war it was accepted by German Civilian Government (GCG) as the war plan. In 1914 the Russian Generals were also able to force Czar Nicolaas to accept and use full mobilization. They threatened him with the danger of defeat if he acted contrarily. In the start of the Great War (1914) Germany was a very young empire and extremely eager to conquer and take over nations to grow more powerful....

...Introduction: Before WW1, countries in Europe were going through industrial revolutions, many parts of Asia, South America and Africa had been colonised and world wealth was centred in Europe because of mass trading throughout the world. Many events, incidents and tension points led to the eruption of our very first world war. But the main trigger was the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to the throne of the Empire of Austria-Hungary) on the 28 June 1914.
One of the many causes of WW1 was the two alliance systems formed at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th. On one side was Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy (Triple Alliance known as the Central Powers) and France, Britain and Russia (Triple Entente known as the Entente Powers) on the other side.
For Germany, its newly united states were becoming more and more powerful by the day, enriching themselves in wealth from industries that were overtaking those of Britain. Kaiser Wilhelm II wanted a strong navy that would again rival Britain's, whose was the largest in the world at the time. The kaiser was keen to make Germany the leading country of Europe, expanding his empire and colonising parts of Africa.
Allied with Germany, Austria-Hungary's empire was unstable. Many peoples and cultures (Germans, Austrians, Hungarians, Czechs, Slovaks, Serbs, Italians, Croats and Poles) were all being ruled by the Emperor Franz Josef who was having troubles ruling this vast...