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CRANBERRIES
THE NATIONAL CRANBERRY MAGAZINE
Vol. 45, No. 4 April 1981
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_uldngf a ier .. ;j;;S,;,,.0 ( pjt,
WI5r66
__i:,:iEr~s
Bilding a wpe .Clinton PotterBuldnllg a wiIper . .3 Potter Cranberry Co
Warrens WI 54666
Living on 100acres .. .
Evital controls nutgrass
and cutgrass. And 14 more
troublesome weeds
in cranberries.
Evital doesn't fall short in effective weed control. It stops
16 profit-robbing weeds, including tough ones like smoke grass,
spike rush, and barnyard grass.
· evital stops tough weeds in cranberries better than any
other granular herbicide.
e evital is a sand-core granule making it an outstanding
aerial formulation; easy ground application as well.
* evital is the No. 1choice to apply over newly-sanded bogs
to prevent weed emergence.
It's the broad spectrum weed-control herbicide that
cranberry growers depend on year after year.
(Use herbicides effectively. Read and follow label
directions carefully.)
GRANULAR HERBICIDE FOR CRANBERRIES
L/^ ^1^ Sandoz, Inc. Crop Protection/480 Camino Del Rio South/San Diego, CA 92108
SANDOZ I Copyright, 1980, Sandoz, Inc.
Device adapted for bogs
Wipe away your weeds
By JOHN S. NORTON
(EDITOR'S NOTE: Stan, as
Norton's friends call him,
constructed the weed wiper and
carriage he describes below.
Norton, the country's only full
time research engineer in cran-
berries, has been at the Massachu-
setts Cranberry Experiment
Station 1957 Se al
Station since 1957. Several
Massachusetts growers have built
wipers similar
to the one Norn
wipers similar to the one Norton
describes.)
The rope-wick type weed wiper,
developed by researchers at the
University of Missouri and at the
USDA Research Unit at Stoneville,
Miss., has been adapted for use in
controlling tall weeds on cran-
berry bogs.
THE APPLICATOR assembly
consists of a 3-inch diameter PVC
pipe about 10 feet in length with
a series of rope wicks inserted in
eiesholes in the side of the pipe. The
hoe i esde o the e e
pipe is capped on both ends and
a removable filler plug is installed
in the top of the pipe
in the top of the pipe.
The wick material is soft
woven, nylon rope /2-inch in
diameter. Each piece of wicking
is about 18 inches long and the
two ends are inserted in holes in
the pipe about 8 inches apart.
This leaves about 5 inches of
wick dangling into the pipe at
each hole.
Two parallel rows of wicks
are installed along the length of
ows a staggered so tat the
wicks in one row will overlap the
short spaces between the ends
of adjacent wicks in the other
row.
Rubber grommets are used to
seal the space between the wicks
and the PVC pipe. Electrical
grommets with 2-inch holes
are placed on the wicks. The
holes in the pipe must be the
a._Z >correct size to accomodate the
MASSACHUSETTS GROWERS
* ,-. .i-. . L, i. oi.,.-
Financial assistance is available for Scholarships and
for Hospital and Medical care for Cranberry Growers, their
Employees and the families of both when financial need can
v'~~~ .)\~~~~
.
be shown. For information contact:
0Y~~~~~ *~~~~' 'A{~
URANN FOUNDATION
P.O. Box 1788
Brockton MA 02403
Telephone 588-7744
grommets.
A After a grommet has been
^
installed on each end of a wick,
the wick is inserted into a pair of
t i i i i a
, [
~~~~holes in the pipe and the
~grommets are clipped into the
holes. This process is repeated
for every pair of holes until the
two rows of wicks have been
installed.
If the installation process
** * ** ** * ** has been properly executed, there
will only be capillary size spaces
through which liquid can move.
This will prevent leaks when the
liquid is above the level of the
holes.
MOST OF THE cranberry
loTCKB N
growers who have constructed
He s s 4nfflthe rope-wick weed wipers have
a 40I CourtStreet. Plymouth Mass. 02361bythe(continued on page 12)
Members of COVER PHOTO
;Gcge-~VWiley & Co., Inc.
STOCKS & BONDS
40 Court Street, Plymouth, Mass. 02361
617-746-3322 Coil Toll Free in Mass 1-800-242-0263
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
conducted asuccessful 10 acre
~si BONcranberry bog for many years.
¢ He was assisted in his endeavors
by the Plymouth Conservation
4 District and the Soil Conservation
* * Service. Story on page 6.
tIIIIIfIIIlII111111111111111IIIIIII111
IIIfiillllll,11iltH
lilll3
ITTAKES JUST ONE HERBICIDE,
USED ONCE AYEAR,
TO GET TO THE ROOT
OF-YOUR WEED PROBLEMS.
proved to themselves that
CASORON gives the most
effective control possible.
Control that makes good
f! / economic sense.
Try ityourself. Get the
once-a-year herbicide that
puts an end to weed problems:
CASORON herbicide
,~ _ " i ~granules.
G-4 HERBICIDE
_~~ :"Ae--L~ J.CASORON is a Reg. TM of Philips-DupharB.V., Amsterdam, Holland. :
CASORON® G-4 herb-kill problem weeds the first
icide, by itself, controls more time around. And the follow-
than 40 weeds, including ing spring, it will save you
ferns, rushes and sedges expensive man-hours norm-i _B
that can cut your cranberry ally spent spraying or hand-
yields. And CASORON gets weeding stragglers.
them all with just one pre-For more than a decade
season application, cranberry growers have
CASORON strikes weeds
where they're most vulnerable:
at their roots. It stops
even the hardiest perennials
before they have a chance
to rob precious nutrients
from your crop.
Just apply CASORON
granules to bogs in early | I
spring and relax. CASORON ANORTH AMERICANPHILIPSco..
goes to work immediately, to P.. Box 2383 Kansas City, Kansas 66110
USDA INCREASES FEES
^ys~ USDA's Food Safety and Quality
rb^ ~
___________________ fl /Service increased the fees it charges
. . gl f Y -— industry to inspect and grade fresh
l a/ H fruits and vegetables at destination
^/| E | recently, said Assistant
/-//markets
IJII.l^/ lIUI '-JJ/,< Secretary of Agriculture Carol Tucker
Foreman.
CRANBERRIES
Will antitrust 5
THE NATIONAL CRANBERRY
be throttledl
MAGAZINE
When CRANBERRIES recently interviewed spokesmen for Oceanur 4th Year of Publication-
Spray and the Federal Trade Commission about the nine year old VOLUME 45-NO. 4
antitrust investigation of the cranberry cooperative, both sides April 1981
acknowledged that Republican Administrations traditionally have Send correspondence to:
been more vigorous about hounding monopolies. P.O. Box 249
So far, however, the Reagan Administration seems to be Cobalt CT 06414
departing from that tradition.
Recently, the Office of Management and Budget recommended Phone: (203) 342-4730
sharp reductions in the FTC's antitrust budget allocation. Also, the Bob Taylor, Publisher/Editor
whole antitrust philosophy that had its birth in the 19th century is ADVISORS, CORRESPONDENTS
increasingly becoming the target of criticism by influential social Massachusetts-Dr. Chester E.
thinkers on both the right and left. Others, of course, hotly defend Cross, Director, Massachusetts Cran
strong enforcement of antitrust laws. berry Experiment Station; Irving
Demoranville, Extension Cranberry
However the debate comes down during Reagan's term of office, Cr
Speciahist, Massachusetts Cranberryhere's hoping that either there is action in the Ocean Spray case or Station Michael Couture, East Ware-
that it is dropped before very much more time has passed. After ham, Mass.; Carolyn Caldwell,
all, the case has been on hold for about nine years. Rochester, Mass.
New Jersey-Philip E. Marucci,
______-__t_ -r_-__-i-_ini-_n-__-_-n_-_-_i-_-__-_____ Cranberry and Blueberry Specialist,
Howe sE.
-_ -__ __-_-
Cranberry and Blueberry Laboratory,
Chatsworth, N.J.; Elizabeth M.
Carpenter, Chatsworth, N.J.; Mary
Archibald, Collingswood, N.J.
r)'N ..
Nova Scotia-I.V. Hall, botanist,
Specializing in Research Station, Kentville, N.S.
Oregon-Arthur Poole, Coos
l;^^^^^ 1 Agricultural Construction County Extension Agent, Coquille,
Ore.
Flun^B tesf^ ~Washington-Azmi Y. Shawa,
F\^ ^^R*lif and Extension Agent in
glumes EHorticulturist
~ ,jC Canals Res. and
^^ Horticulture, Coastal Wash.
Lanud clearing Ext. Unit, Long Beach, Wash.
San g Wisconsin-Tod D. Planer, Farm
Management Agent, Wood County;
MERT HOWES Water holes Joan E. Humphrey, Friendship.
295-5542 Ditching
CRANBERRIES is published monthly
Dikes by the Taylor Publishing Co., Wellwyn
619 COUNTY ROAD Grading Drive, Portland CT 06480. Second
0~~~~619ROADCOUNTY GrI~ading ^class postage is paid at the Portland,
W. WAREHAM, MASS. Conn., Post Office. Price is $8 a year,
$1 5 for two years, 80 cents a copy in02576 the U.S.; $9a year in Canada; $10 a
year in all other countries. Copyright
1980 by Taylor Publishing.
ISSN: 0011-0787
Cranberries and conservation
Successful combination
for Domingo Fernandes
Raising a family on the income good cranberries. I guess it all
from 10 acres of cranberry bog adds up to a successful family
may sound unlikely in today's farm operation."
economy, but Domingo FERNANDES' FATHER
Fernandes, a Carver, Mass., migrated to this country in
gthislife doing 1898 from the Cape Verde
grower, spent his life doing Islands off the coast of West
just that. Before he died of Africa. He made his living by
cancer last year at the age of 58, picking cranberries until 1920,
Fernandes discussed his effort when he bought his own bog
to create a model cranberry farm. and went into business for
"It's been a family operation himself. Fernandes, working
from the start," explained in his father's bog, learned the
Fernandes. "We were fortunate business at an early age.
to have ambitious children who Fernandes' wife, Albertina,
are interested in the cranberry also came from the same
bogs. We have had valuable cranberry-farming background.
hlfbogs. ou Paehdvlymout In fact, Fernandes bragged
help from our Plymouth about the fact that Albertina
Conservation District and the bou e that rf
once broke the record for
USDA Soil Conservation hand-scooping cranberries-
Service (SCS). And we've 101 bushels in one day.
always had a desire to grow After serving in the Armed
l O0
295-2222 as 295-2207
Offkce X A T ' K. reaton
CRAWNBERRY
fGROWERS SERVICE
}FERNANDES
D1n 4t ^^lr Awt5§
SeatonRl ~~~^
^^* ban
97P.3601
D.888-1288 AMon Beton
Specializing in
* DITCHING *NETTING
*SANDING *WEED CLIPPING
*COMPLETE*HARVESTING
BOG
MANAGEMENT (Wet rad Dry)
Complete line of portable Crisafulli Pumps 2" -16"
Plastic netting for suction boxes
Forces during World War II,
Fernandes came back to
Plymouth County and the
cranberry business. With
money he had saved, he managed
to build a small bog. From that
start he was able to invest in
additional acreage until he had
a total of 10 acres which,
according to Fernandes, is one
of the smaller bog operations
in eastern Massachusetts.
Very knowledgeable about
his crop, Fernandes liked to
point out that the berries
actually grew wild in the area
long before the Pilgrims landed
at nearby Plymouth. Today,
with approximately 11,000
acres under cultatvion,
acres under cultivation,
Massachusetts produces nearly
50 percent of all cranberries
grown in the U.S. Fernandes
sold his "Early Black" berries
to the nearby Ocean Spray
farmers' cooperative, of
which he was a member.
Fernandes dry harvested
because of his limited water
supply in the fall when many
cranberries are picked by the
'"wet" method.
BECAME a
cooperator with the Plymouth
Conservation District in 1957.
This entitled him to obtain technical
planning assistance from the Soil
Conservation Service as well as
other agricultural agencies
cooperating with the district.
In an effort to increase his
cranberry production, Fernandes
asked SCS to design a new water-
control system for his two bogs.
The system recommended called
for reshaping and improving the
dikes and installing new flumes
that would give Fernandes better
control of water levels across the
bog during mid-winter flooding.
"The water control system sprinkler irrigation system for water to 56 sprinkler heads. All
worked fine for us until 1961 his bogs. The irrigation system would were installed under the cranberry
when we had a serious freeze late provide the needed protection from plants and are ready to use at a
in May," recalled Fernandes. "We quick temperature drops. The moment's notice.
had drained the bogs to get the spring irrigation system is also used to keep A second system was installed
growth started when the freeze hit. the plants from drying out during in his nearby bog to complete a
We didn't have water so we lost our summer droughts. modern irrigation system. It gave
entire crop that year." Using designs provided by SCS, Fernandes 5,800 feet of plastic
Not long after that Fernandes Fernandes dug two one-quarter irrigation lines feeding water when
asked SCS for help in designing a acre spring-fed ponds next to his bogs. needed to just over 100 sprinkler
--------O --These, plus two pumps (one gas-heads.
O---oo
powered, one electric), sent With the touch of a button, the
1^1i ~ke' irrigation water through a series of
s 1
Mike' ls" 4 above ground aluminum pipes and
ortab eI sprinkler heads to the cranberries CRANBERRY GROWERS
ro^ UId ?e U when needed. By today's more REALTY
:elding
modern standards, Fernandes'
WleldiI g 1 irrigation system was old-Listings of buyers and
CranberryEqu ent fashioned, but it served the purpose sellers welcomed on cranvery
well, he recalled. berry acreage and upland.
Built and Repaired LAST SPRING during his
illness, Fernandes rushed to
Clippers, Flunles complete installation of all the Appraisals
anid Wheel-offs elements of the modern water
control system which SCS had
all types of equipment designed for his bog. The older
FREE ESTIMATE irrigation system was replaced with DOUGLAS R. BEATON
(617)748-0014 a modern plastic underground pipe
(617) 748-0014 system. E. Sandwich, Mass.
(617) 74,8-01415 In one bog, 3,600 feet of 4-inch 02537
(617) 748-0031 mains and 1-inch laterals now feed (617) 88-12
A MOST COMPLETE INVENTORY OF
IRRIGATION ACCESSORIES i
,_----/ / " ENGINEERING & IRRIGATION, INC. -~
P.O.Box 66, 11 Larchmont Lane, Lexington, MA 02173 (617) 862-2550
IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT DESIGNED ESPECIALLY
FOR THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY
FOR EXAMPLE:
Gorman-RuppSelf PrimingElectric SprinklerPumps
Proven Quick Couple Riser
Ingersoll-Rand Water Harvest Pumrips
Aluminum Insert CouplingFor 4 "Poly Pipe
Contact: Contact :
Larchnmont Engineering Bill Stearns, Plymiouth,i. XNlls.
Phil Tropeano, President (617) 746-6048
(617) 862-2550 (Call Collect) (617){ 746-2610
new system can deliver water during
summer droughts or water to protect
cranberry plants from sub-freezing
temperatures. It also delivers
fertilizer and insecticides to the
cranberries through the irrigation
system.
FERNANDES' ABILITY to
produce quaogniya casb erries as
1965 when
he won the Plymouth Conservatio
District's "Farmer of the Year" award.
Commenting on his talent for
growing quality berries, Fernandes
said: "I learned about growing
cranberries first from my father and
from fellow cranberry growers. With
children who enjoyed working and
a wife who has been very helpful,
we've managed to make a fairly good
living from our 10-acre bog. Being
independent and working for our-
selves really helped us toward success."
Fernandes had reason to be proud
of his success in growing cranberries
and of the family which, working
together, helped make that success
possible. He and Albertina have raised
eight children, five of their own and
three foster children.
Bog constructD n
B~L~Og I~IIIoperation
con~s~Itructi~on~
Vine setting
ai^~~
Flumes and flume work
Bog sand ...
Bog s
x1^
Nenasket
Cons ructlot lo
Co., Inc.
275 Wareham St.,
Middleboro MA 02346
(617) 947-1723
The oldest son, Domingo Jr., until
recently was associate executive of the
Narragansett Council, Boy Scouts of
America, in Providence. He has
returned to manage the bogs and
study for his master's degree. John
teaches at Duxbury High School
and helps part-time with the bog.
Edward attends Columbia University
Law School, and Joseph, the youngest
son, is at Dartmouth College. He
took care of the berries when frost
threatened last spring. Fernandes'
daughter, Terri, is a high school
student and will be entering college
this fall.
It appears obvious that the
Fernades' bog has been and will
continue to be a family operation, an
which reflects the feeling
of caring for the land and for all
living things that Domingo Fernandes
exemplified. In Albertina Fernandes'
words: "We will go on from here."
FARM EXPORTS
~CONTINUE TO SOAR
)Q^~ ~
For the 11th straight year,
farm exports cracked a record
in 1980. Exports amounted to
$40.5 billion.
< .-:------•-:-:~--
DIRECTORY
for
8 Cranberry
Growers
CHARLES W.HARRI
Company
451 Old Somerset Avenue
North Dighton, Mass.
Phone 824-5607
AMES
IrrigationSystems
RAIN BIRD
Sprinklers
HALE
Pumps
Higet Quaity Product
with Satisfaction Guarant d
NO ON WINTERKILL Luckily, we've had snow cover to
protect them."
"As of Christmas, all but 50 to
^said dr^B~~ John C. Decas of Decas Cranberry
Co.
GROWER KARL J. ASHLEY
Butf9~~~~~~ought1^ ^^&
60 of our 400 acres were under water,"
said the swamps his Rochester bogs
causes worry draw water from are "4 feet low."
By CAROLYN CALDWELL
"The vines
give no evidence
"The vines no evidence of
having been winterkilled this
winter," Dr. Chester E. Cross,
tor o theMs
Css
director ofxthe Massachusetts
Cranberry Experiment Station,
told growers at a recent weather
seminar.
WHILE THERE APPEARS to
have been no winterkilling conditions
up until the end of February, the
prolonged drought in southeastern
Massachusetts will continue to be the
biggest worry of the year for cranberry
growers. All difficult management
decisions for the coming season will
be based on the availability of water.
Area precipitation in the 13
month period from January 1980 to
January 1981 was 15/2 inches
deficient-about 30 percent-below
the 30 year average, according
to Prof. Irving E. Demoranville,
cranberry extension specialist at the
station.
January's 25 inches of snow
amounted to only 11/2 inches of
moisture-2/2 inches below normal.
"Because of the extreme cold
and relative humidity, there was very
little moisture content in the snow,"
said Demoranville, who monitors
the weather for Massachusetts
growers. "Our water table is still
going down. That's why our ponds
are not recovering."
"We had the third lightest
precipitation but the third highest
snowfall in January," Cross said. "The
snow protected the exposed vines so
they did not get winterkill but it
cut off the light, causing a 'Wisconsin
effect."'
At the beginning of January,
Demoranville issued a warning to
growers that "persistent snow on the
flooded bogs is reducing oxygen
levels in the water under the ice."
At that time the Massachusetts
Cranberry Station recommended that
"growers keep their floods, conserve
"growaterskposthble flodst consre
all water possible and take a chance
on oxygen deficiency injury except
where abundant water (in spite of
ice) makes re-flooding easy."
"This is the type of winter where
you have to make your own decision,"
said Demoranville.
Massachusetts growers took
advantage of the early cold snap to
catch up on sanding they missed
during last year's mild winter. In
January there was an unusually
good four weeks of heavy ice. Growers
had to roll down or plow off powdery
snow after the storms before getting
their sanders out on the ice.
February brought rain and a
warming trend that melted ice. Water
quickly disappeared from bogs with
no clay bottom. In many areas,
growers were uncertain how they
would get water back on if protection
was needed again.
"Water is our biggest problem,"
said Robert Hiller of Hiller Cranberry
Co. in Rochester, Mass. "In 20 out
of 200 acres, we can't get water on.
^
During the cold January weather, he
went to work to dig out a pond but
was unable to get past the mud to
the sandy bottom.
By Feb. 25, southeastern
Massachusetts received slightly above
average precipitation, which only made
up 2/3 inch of the 15/2 inch deficiency,
according to Demoranville.
"We're still a long way from home,"
Demoranville said. "The way these
weather patterns are, the currents and
jet streams don't change very rapidly."
Growers are hoping spring rains
will make up the difference before
water for frost protection is needed.
"It's a long way from being back
to normal," said William M. Atwood
of A.D. Makepeace Co., the area's
largest grower. "The water is about
the same as last year. I would say
there will be as much water for the
(continued on page 16)
AVAILABLE AT THESE S TORES.
Robert Alberghini Pilgrim Agricultural Supply Inc.
Carver, MA Plymouth, MA
617-866-4429 617-746-0970
New Bedford Agway Merle Stetson
New Bedford, MA E. Taunton, MA
617-997-0093 617-822-6748
Cape Agricultural Supply Inc.
Sandwich, MA
617-888-0044
AGWAY
Devrinol is a registered trademark of Stauffer
Chemical Co.
It's 1981
This year change your 1960 style fertilizer program to a more
profitable program using a cranberry fertilizer with IBDU
as the primary source of nitrogen.
Come in and discuss: Fertilizer Weeds
Soil Testing
Helicopter Application
Watch your profits increase in the 80's
with
IBDU
R. F.
& SON, INC.
Your Year-Round Service Center
CRANBERRY HIGHWAY*WEST WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 02576* (617) 295-1553
:---::::~~~,/
A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-::_:,::~::
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~::'-'
liiii;ii~-il~~i :-j
~ 1-::iii
1 5:ii'~::-:::j~-::: i-.V. ::-~:::_
\4,: ~~:~~:i,jK/-:: F~
/
S S 0··
0i S~i -::::::::-:::-iii Si: i-ii
:: ~
il~ii-:li:_0 5_ --1'~iji1
a·
I L
Massachusetts cranberry growers, you can control both nutgrass
and rice cutgrass without harming your vines.
Use Devrinol ®herbicide. Devrinol gives excellent control of these tough
weeds with good crop tolerance.
Apply Devrinol 10-G in the spring, before weeds begin to grow. Or, you
can apply Devrinol in the fall, after harvest.
Control nutgrass and cutgrass without harming your vines. See your
Stauffer supplier for Devrinol. For use in Massachusetts only. Always
follow label directions carefully. Stauffer Chemical Company, Agricultural
Chemical Division, Westport, Connecticut 06880.
®
IIDevrinol
11
---i 11i
WIPEAWAY..V
WE 'A' W
(continued from page 3)
constructed them as described
above. The one built at the
Cranberry Experiment Station,
however, had one additional
feature that we feel enhances
its effectiveness. That was the
addition of a sheet of terrycloth
wrapped around the boom so
that there would be more area
of wick or herbicide saturated
material to make contact with
the weeds.
The original weed wipers as
developed at Stoneville, Miss.,
were mounted on tractors for
use in row crops. This is not a
practical mode of transportation
of the weed wiper on cranberries,
because the period when it is
effective is in the middle of the
growing season and the damage
to the crop would be too great.
not proved to be a
~from
This has not proved to be a
deterrent to the growers. Some
I
have attached handles to each end
of the wiper boom and have had
the booms carried by hand at the
proper height to strike the weeds
and still stay above the cran-
berry vines. Others have copied
a carriage developed at the
Massachusetts Cranberry Experi-
ment Station.
THE CRANBERRY Station
wiper carriage is a sulky-like
device, using an aluminum frame-
work mounted on a pair of
20-inch bicycle wheels. This is
shown in the figures on page 14.
The boom is suspended from
the frame, just to the rear of the
wheels, by a pair of cables. The
cables are connected to a lever,
which is mounted on the tongue,
and the height of the boom is
controlled by the lever,
Since the boom is suspended
on cables, it is necessary to
provide a means of preventing it
from swinging. This is
has swinging. This
accomplished by a pair of rigid
vertical members mounted behind
C f/ -'_
I Credt..Puedthflat
_
»-V l,Ir 4by
4/2 inch by 1/4 inch steel
• IIplate, wheel forks welded
underneath.
5. Wheel forks mounted 1/4inch
by 1¼
/4inch by 4 inch steel
CreditPl...us! -angle welded to the end of
Credit .-.. Plus!
cross member.
i 6. Cross member, 2 inch steel
channel iron.
Cross member 11/¼ inch by
1/4 inch steel angle iron.
i 7.
ASolid
8. Handle.
9. 20 inch bicycle wheel.
requires solid financing . . . and that's our spe 10. Wheel forks 1inchsteel
I cialty. Credit for equipment, land, buildings ... all channel iron.
Ec your financial needs. For Credit . . . Plus a full
range of other finance-related services, see your iron.
. 12. Pulley to guide cable.
local Farm Credit representative. 13. 210 inch cable.
I P.O. Box 7 Taunton, Mass. 0.2780 Tel: (617) 824-7578 [ 14. Height adjustment.
each wheel, between which the
boom is confined.
In using the weed wiper, care
must be exercised to prevent the
dripping of herbicide onto the
cranberry vines. One precaution
that may be taken is the use of
a leakproof trough, large enough
to enclose the boom, suspended
below the boom whenever it
contains herbicide but is not in
use.
If the weed wiper user elects to
include the terrycloth wrap around
the boom, it may be desirable to
speed up the saturation of the
terrycloth before each use by
applying herbicide directly to the
terrycloth by sprayer or bucket.
When doing this, the safety
trough should be in position to
catch the surplus material.
PARTS LIST FOR
WEED WIPER CARRIAGE
1. Tongue, 1/2 inch square
aluminum tubing.
2. Stabilizing members, 1/2 inch
square aluminum tubing.
3. Mounting plates, 3/16 inch
aluminum welded to each
end of the stabilizing member.
4. Wheel fork mounts, 4/2inch
f Office:Located on Rt. 44, 1/4Mile West of Rt. 24 a 15. Braces 1 inch steel channel.
,,,,,,,,,,,,,, , , 1...
I lllglll,,ll,,llllllllllllllllllllll",lllnllllllll""l«"«Il,,,""••"^'""""""""•"" ", j 16. Wiper boom.
3
5
Fig. 2
FIGURE 1. External view of wick applicator showing the components assembled. Materials are as
follows: (1) PVC pipe; (2) capped fill spout; (3) end cap; (4) wicks; (5) rubber grommets. FIGURE
2. Expanded view of one wick showing details of construction.
Foreman Wanted
We are expanding our cranberry operation and have an
opening for a cranberry bog foreman. Opportunity for
advancement. Good pay, excellent benefits, including
Blue Cross -Blue Shield and a retirement plan. Must have
an interest in agriculture. Call for appointment and
interview at (617) 293-3739 or 293-3720.
United Cranberry Growers Associates Inc.•
HAWKS AVENUE, HANSON, MASS. 02341 (617) 293-3739 or 293-3720
13
ll
9<0 dYL
—« r* ^
~ '^~~
^^^ ^---0^ . lpl [.-------^^ ~~•#' "' ^ '^~^~~~~~~~~~~^
14~ ~ ;!4
FROM TOP TO BOTTOM: Top, side and rear views of weed wiper carriage.
14~
~
2 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~i
"'7~iii·~·-~ \'4;;"a;'4;4
L:IJ'~~~~~44
\"'X i--··
'74-i;'4;/7'\ i~i.~.ii-·;~ :,-Iii~iii
Install the flow gates now
that generations will rely on.
Felker flow gates are built to last, thanks to famous
Felker welded construction, generously braced
designs, and highest quality materials. Manufactured
in aluminum only.
Standard sized for conduits from 15-to 48-inch
diameters with riser widths from 24-to 72-inches, height
as required. Single, double and triple log channel
designs, other sizes available upon application. For
virtually any size or water control application,
sTRENGTH Felker Brothers are flow gate specialists. Send for
IS METAL free bulletin.
r _FELKER BROTHERS CORPORATION
' I | Wisconsin 54449 'Marshfield,
|^B A/ PHONE 715-384-3121 TWX 510-370-1846 TELEX 29-3451
'5
and 27-28. The only cooler than NEW JERSEY
average days were the 3rd to 6th and
at^
13th. The seesaw pattern of weather in w eat er 3 hPrecipitation totaled 6.95 inches the cranberry region of New Jersey is
or 3.4 inches above normal, the first well illustrated in the fluctuating
. above normal month since October. temperatures during January and
V'a c l was ^This February. An unusually cold period
^ the second wettest February
in our records, surpassed only by the was followed by an unusual warm
1969 record. There were 15 days with spell.
measurable precipitation, with the January was the fourth coldest
MASSACHUSETTS greatest storm of 4.02 inches on the first month of the year in the 51
January was cold; in fact, record 24th to 27th. We are about 0.7 inch year weather recording history at
cold for us. We averaged a whopping above normal for the two month Pemberton. The average temperature
10.1 degrees a day below normal, periods and 5.4 inches more than of 25.3 degrees F is 7.4 degrees
breaking our record set in 1970. in 1980. below normal. One of the most severe
Maximum temperature was 45 degrees There was only 1.8 inches of snow, spells of weather ever experienced
on the 27th and the minimum was which is far below normal. in southern New Jersey occurred
-10 degrees on the 12th. The only I.E.D. between Jan. 9 and 14. During this
warmer than average days were the AN RRIperiod, the daytime temperatures were
19th and 26th to 28th. Cooler than d CRAN constantly well below freezing, while
average periods occurred on the 3rd
to 5th, 8th to 14th, 17th, 18th, 20th
and 31st.
Precipitation stayed in the same old
rut, totaling only 1.61 inches, which is (Wisconsin-Michtign Growers)
2.7 inches below normal. This was the ALUMINUM HEADGATES FABRICATED
driest since 1970 and the third driest TO YOUR SPECIFICATIONS
in our records, surpassed only by 1955 HAND WHEEL OPERATED GATES
and 1970. The greatest storm was 0.45 ALUMINUM CORRUGATED PIPE
on the 7th and there were 13 days with INTERNATIONAL POWER UNITS
measurable precipitation. Total INTERNATIONAL CRAWLER TRACTORS
snowfall was 25 inches, second greatest WARNER A SWASEY EXCAVATORS
WALDON LOADERS AND USED EQUIPMENT
total in our records, with 8.5 inches in WALDO LOADERS AND USED EQUIPMENT
the 16th-17th as the largest storm. The Eau Claue, Wis. Escanaba, Mich. Mlwauke, Was.
temperaturesso cold that there 715-835-5157 414461-5440
were 906-786-6920
temperatures were so cold that there onwood ich.
just wasn't any appreciable moisture Ma082disons. Green B Ironwood Mich.
608-222-415 I 414-4 35-6t,76 906-932-0222
content in the snow. Al iiamm*ilU EAIrMAET
February was a welcome relief UCTRwUCUL tV
hIv TWUUU Iirbt
from the weather of the past few \ *EA!ISIEN1OIAT1 4A COMPANY
months-it was warm and wet. The
temperature averaged 4.4 degrees a
day above normal, the first normal
month since September. This was the i ^
fourth warmest in our records and l E o1 0
the warmest since the record of 1960.
Maximum temperature was 59 degrees ROBERT NIEMI
on the 11th and 21st and the minimum
was 1 degree on the 1st. Warmer than CON
average periods were the 2nd, 11th, ELECTRICAL C TRACTORS
12th, 16th through 21st, 23rd to 25th
BUT DROUGHT... HEAT, LIGHT and POWER WIRING
(continued from page 9)
spring as last year. We're planning on *RESIDENTIA L
a lot of moisture by May."
Decas, who is president of the * 'i x, l Y DR T A
Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Assn., 1 J Xl ERtI IC CIA L
is optimistic about winter conditions
but anxious about the spring. IN D T RIA
"My prediciton is that we areIN D IA
going to survive the winter in very TEL. 295-1880
good shape," he said in January.
"But I am worried about irrigation for Robert Niemi Pinehurst Dr. Wareham, Mass.
the coming season."
at night thermometer readings were
near or below zero. There were four
below zero recordings (-8, -7, -10
and -6) and the average temperature
for the six day period was only 11.3
degrees F. An average of less than
one (0.68) below zero day has
occurred in the month of January since
1930.
In February, the weather abruptly
changed to almost balmy conditions.
The average temperature for the month
was 38.5 degrees F, or 5 degrees above
normal, and the sixth warmest
February at the Pemberton station.
A very cold first half of the month was
overbalanced by extremely warm
weather during the latter half. From
the 16th to the end of the month,
daily maximums were constantly in
the 50 and 60 degree range with a
record breaking 71 degrees F on the
18th. The average temperature during
this 13 day period was 47.7 degrees
F, which is actually 3 degrees warmer
than the average temperature for
March.
Precipitation during January was
only 0.72 inch, the second driest
ever for this month and 1.49 inches
below normal. This marks the eighth
out of the nine months since May
that rainfall has been deficient.
During this period, a total of 20.67
inches or 14.28 inches below normal
precipitation had occurred. Significant
restoration of water lost in the drought
occurred during February when 3.94
inches, or .97 above normal rain fell
at Pemberton. At Chatsworth, closer
to the main cranberry growing area,
the amount of rain that fell was about
5 inches. Most growers in this area
now report that reservoirs are back
to near capacity. The fact that
moderate drought conditions could
be relieved by one month of
moderately abundant rainfall isone
of the remarkable attributes of the
Pine Barrens. In this region, almost
all of the precipitation is absorbed
by the earth with negligible runoff.
In North Jersey and other drought
stricken areas of the East, much
larger proportions of the rain is
lost in runoff.
The effect of the severe January
weather on blueberries is of concern
to blueberry growers. A mitigating
circumstance was the fact that there
was snowcover throughoutthe
extreme cold spell. Fruit bud samples
taken from representative cold blue-bulbs, shrubs, and also cranberry buds.
berry fields show only 5 to 8 percent January brought 60 degrees or above
damage of embryo flowers of the on seven days and then a cooling
Weymouth, which is one of the period. The high of 66 degrees came
varieties most susceptible to winter for February on the 22nd and 23rd
killing. Very little winter killed wood and a low of 25 degrees on the 5th-7th.
has been found, but this type of The bog low was 24 degrees on the 5th.
damage does not become fully A.Y.S.
evident until warm weather in the
spring. WISCONSIN
P.E.M. Temperatures in Wisconsin during
January averaged 2 to 4 degrees above
NOVA SCOTIA normal.
In contrast to the early winter, February began with very cold
the month of February was one of temperatures. Some light to moderate
snowfalls occurred during the first
the nicest on record. Most of our
snow disappeared and we crossedWisconsin Aiculture
our fingers lest we have a real cold
spell which could be injurious to Reporting Service
flower buds. IOIIIUU IIIWIIIIIII lll#M»)1lFlllmlMI
I.V.H.-
re g l nal
W
The year 1980 came to an end for
Washington weather patterns providing, lneVV
to date, a mild winter.
The precipitation for December not
totaled 12.19 inches, bringing the year's
total to 74.29 inches. This is five years IIIIIIIIIIIUlllnmnMwimmmmttlIlmll
in a row that the precipitation total
has been from 17.02 to 6.02 inches acetts
below the normal of 85.30. The trend By IRVING DEMORANVILLE
is very obvious in the surrounding
area.mbers of the Cape Cod
The January precipitation totaled Cranberry Growers Assn. who have
only 3.94 inches. The average for had a change in their telephone number
January is 12.90 inches. February since the end of the frost season should
precipitation totaled 9.59 inches, just inform the Cranberry Station before
above normal, with the greatest rainfall April 15.
of 1.90 inches coming on the 18th. The 1981 Cranberry Weed and
A mild winter has brought early Insect charts are being printed. There
action in all plantings, e ardenertilizer chart this
year, so hold on to your old one.
WISCONSIN CRANBERRY
HEADQUARTERS F R
H A UU CORLE
E V I T A L SO LO DIQ U A T
2-4-D DOWPON ETHREL
SEVIN · PARATHION e GUTHION · DIAZINON
KOCIDE * DEIFOLITAN * FERBAM
COPPER SULFATE * PRINCEP
C l e e i 1 S u p p
DIVISION OF plfkin AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL CO
P.O. BOX 7211, MADISON, WISCONSIN 53707
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIl11111111111111111l 608-221-1581
_ater props<Department of Environmental
rop esas
Wp ~~W -,New
~~~~aterh'~~~~~~~~~~
Ch ff eng e
ha^ n g e
I^Updating
gro wu Cers
gQl^^^~"• ow^^
By ELIZABETH G. CARPENTER
Many New Jersey growers
undoubtedly consider the threat
posed by the cranberry fruitworm
poe byiscussed
or Sporonema-caused rot less
ominous than five pieces of
legislation intended to regulateto
legislation
intended to regulate
water use in the state.
THIS BECAME clear at the
recent 111th annual winter
meeting of the American Cran-
the Americanough
meetingof Cran-
berry Growers Assn. (ACGA)
held at the New Hedger House
in Chatsworth.
Stephen Lee III, ACGA represen-
tative on enviromental matters, said
the five bills would have a devastating
impact on New Jersey's cranberry
industry if enacted. In particular, he
said, Senate Bill 1611 "puts state
government between water and the
grower."
The bill would grant the
Department of Environmental
Protection "the power to manage
the water supply by adopting a
uniform water diversification permit
system and fee schedule, a monitoring,
inspection and enforcement program,"
he explained.must
The bill guarantees that a grower
could find himself immersed in a never
ending cycle of paperwork, he added.
Pointing out section 13b of the
bill, he declared that the state "has
a tremendous grab on for power."
The section, he said, authorizes the
DEP to monitor diversions, impose
conditions on permits, refrain from
granting new permits and "order the
transfer of water from system to
system, whether in public or private
ownership, without notice or hearing."
Lee claimed the state would like
to do away with "the old Water
Policy and Supply Council," on
which a cranberry grower has always
sat.
NAMED AS OFFICERS for
1981-82 were: Fred Mahler, president;
Mrs. Ada Simons, vice president; Paul
Eck, treasurer; Phil Marucci, secretary,
and Ed Lipman, delegate to the
agricultural convention.
PETER FUREY director of the
Coalition to Save Agriculture in New
Coalition to
ave Agriculthe
Jersey, said Gov. Brendan Byrne "has
attached himself to the legacy of
Pinelands Preservation."
Updating ACGA members on the
ACGA members on the
Coalition's legal efforts related to the
Pineland's Management Plan, he said:
"The Coalition is critical of uncertain-
ties the plan has brought to growers.
One of the key issues is compensation
as it relates to transfer of development
rgts (TDR).
To date, TDR has been a much
dscussed butedgrowers
but little utilized concept
that has not inspired confidence in
the agricultural community.
To further add to the confusion,
the confusion,
Furey said, it is understood that the
state attorney general's office is
studying whether the Pinelands
Commission has the authority to
handle development credits, although
handle development credits, althe
the federal government approved the
state's plan on Jan. 14.
"The issues involved," he said,
"could turn into a full-fledged
constitutional fight."
ROBERT BRUCH, agricultural
economist with the state Department
of Agriculture's Division of Rural
Resources, reported on the long term
leasing of state owned land for agricul-
tural use. Bruch, who is responsible for
helping cut bureaucratic red tape for
interested growers, introduced his part
time assistant, Betsy Carpenter of
Chatsworth.
Bruch said; "We are willing to
assist any farmer wanting to lease state
land. However, part of the job is his. He
tell us which parcels of land he
Once interest is expressed in state
land, he said, bidding will occur.
Selection of a grower will be based
on his proximity to the parcel of state
land, his general management concept
and his proposed capital improvements.
A 25 year lease can be arranged
A 25 year lease can be arranged for
le onf erres
state land on which cranberries are
grothan
grown.
EDWARD V. LIPMAN, Rutgers
University trustee and ACGA delegate
to the N.J. Agricultural Convention,
said farmers at the convention let
.as
speaker William Bradley, U.S. senator,
know they want insurance of their
right to farm, no state interference
with their water supply,
reimbursement in money instead of
ratables in communities where growth
has been restricted by legislation.
Also, he said, Pine Barrens land owners
informed Bradley that they want
reimbursement for acreage they
feel has been confiscated by legislation.
Addressing overregulation and
Addressing overregulation and
need to preserve the right to
farm, ipman declared that "the
Protection expects to own all of
Jersey."
Lipman, a former manager of
Lipany, saf he cranaer r
Ocean Spray, said the cranberry
industry is in excellent condition.
The 1980 payment, he said, was
"We're doing this on commodities
W e do h on commo
e "or
ago,h
dedication is
responsible for this."
MIKE FLINT, marketing analyst,
N.J. Crop Reporting Service reminded
of his August 1980 prediction,
in which he said, "If we get rain, we
co he a god cranberry crop."
"Unfortunately,"
'
he continued,
"New Jersey didn't get the rain.
erere s the paid
to he irrigation."
Flint reported New Jersey's 1980
cranberry production totaled 245,000
bbls., down 3 percent from the 1979
harvest. Last year, 2,900 acres were
harvested in New Jersey, 100 less than
in 1979. The year's yield per acre
increased 0.2 percent to 84.5 bbls.
per acre.
Total acreage harvested in the
U.S. during the 1970's increased just
6 percent, Flint said. However, production
rose 32 percent in the same time
period, "due to an increase in yield
and smaller harvest losses."
Price per barrel in the U.S. has
risen from $10.70 in 1970 to $26.70
in 1979. This represents an increase
of 150 percent.
However, Flint explained, "prices
haven't increased as sharply as the
inflation rate.
MIKE CEPONIS of the USDA and
Rutgers University reported on his
studies of the effect of water dwell
time on cranberries, a matter of
serious concern to growers because
vested berries don't have
good shelf life.
Ceponis, who experimented with
Early Blacks, noted that "hand picked
berries showed less evidence of decay
soe eence decay
water harvested berries, possibly
because they suffered less harvest
related damage."
Although cranberries with good
color did not break down as quickly
berries with poor color, he added,
there was a sharp increase in physio
logical breakdown for all water
harvested berries.
In the future, Ceponis said, he will
test other varieties.
He also would like to obtain a
water harvester from Wisconsin to
find out if a differently designed
machine causes less harvest damage.
DR. ERIC G. STONE of the USDA,
who is stationed at the Rutgers
Cranberry and Blueberry Research
Center, reported on the pH, percent
soluble solids and titratable acids found
in a selection of cranberry varieties
from New Jersey, Wisconsin and
Massachusetts during 1978 and 79.
The overall pH for cranberry
varieties tested for the two year
period mostly ranged between 2.4
and 2.8. Of all the berries tested,
New Jersey's 1979 Cropper had the
lowest pH, 2.3, and New Jersey's
1979 Early Red had the highest, 3.0.
Most varieties tested fell between
3.5 and 5.3 percent in soluble solids,
Hollister, a 1979 Massachusetts
variety, had the lowest percentage,
3.0 percent. Early Black-open
pollinated, a 1978 Wisconsin selection,
had the highest percentage, 7.4 percent.
Stone said that "the titratable
acids test is a good measure of a
variety's tartness." The least acidic
variety was Wisconsin's 1978 Early
Black-open pollinated and the most
acidic was Wisconsin's 1978 Bain 1
Guignardia was best controlled by
Bravo. Penicillium was most efficiently
controlled by Dithane M-45.
Ceuthospora, a principle cause of
Black Rot, was best controlled by
Bravo.
The best crop yields in barrels
per acre occurred with the use of
Dithane M-45, Difolatan and Bravo,
reported Stretch.
Stretch found Bravo "quite close
in its effect to Difolatan and Dithane
M-45." He said its cost may be more
reasonable than Difolatan's. He said
he would like to get clearance for
Bravo's use by New Jersey growers.
PHILIP E. MARUCCI, research
professor in entomology and extension
specialist in cranberry and blueberry
culture at the center, gave a timely
presentation, in light of legislative
efforts to control water use.
Records kept at Pemberton, N.J.,
yields. Examination of soil from
these bogs revealed that three
were mucky, two were very sandy
and one was moderately mucky.
Barrels per acre ranged from
143 to 200.
The findings, he said, indicate
that in New Jersey soil type is not
nearly so important as a quality
water source coupled with good
cultural practices. To illustrate
this conclusion, Marucci recalled
that the late Anthony R. DeMarco
was able to carve successful
bogs out of savannas.
Marucci said he anticipated
that growers in New Jersey may
have to go totally to water sprinkling.
"You need less water when you
use water sprinkling," he explained.
May 10 has been the traditional
date for drawing water from New
bogs. However, based on
fe
seven years of testing from 1974
to 80, Marucci said, he recommends
that water be drawn earlier-from
March 15-April 1.
He said: "For everything you do
in farming, you have to have some
tradeoff."
Early drawing, he explained,
brings greater yields but also brings
more insects. The former advantage
outweighs the latter, he added,
because insects can be controlled.
r^ n~nnJersey
se^~~~~~~lp^+ect~~~~io~nn
selection. over 50 years-1929-1979-substantiate
DR. ALLAN W. STRETCH
of the USDA and researh r
reported the results of his study
the results of his
of the effects of fungicides on
cranberry fruit rot, yield and color.
The fungicides were Ferbam, Dithane
M-45, Difolatan and Bravo.
Tests, said Stretch, showed that
Sporonema was most effectively
controlled by Difolatan. Dithane
M-45 and Difolatan did a good job in
controlling Physalospora, he added.
1
..
the position that the 1980 state water
shortage, given much media attention,
may be short-lived, he said. Marucci
added that he is "optimistic over
the years this problem will straighten
out."
Marucci said he obtained from
Walter Fort, New Jersey fieldman
for the Cranberry Marketing
Committee, a list of the six New
Jersey bogs with the highest
b ie
AUTHORIZED AGWAY REPRESENTATIVE
LICENSED SPRAYING OF PESTICIDES (Seasonal)
WITH A COMPLETE LINE OF:
CRANBERRY INSECTICIDES * FUNGICIDES
HERBICIDES · MITICIDES · and FERTILIZERS
IN STOCK!
ROBERT A. ALBERGHINI -SPRAYING
RFD 5 PLYMOUTH STREET, CARVER, MASS. 02330
TELEPHONE: 866-4429
|A ( @)J~ ~ For further information, call evenings after 5:30
INeOeIR IIDUSTRY
BISnnane name
FOR OUDLIT
OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES, INC., PLYMOUTH, MASS. 02360
AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER
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CRANBERRIES
THE NATIONAL CRANBERRY MAGAZINE
Vol. 45, No. 4 April 1981
.j2000000.SiS 0J.~9:''gESI!|
04ji~~~~tli~iSS ig g.0.00 gElig=<
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W0.,..''',0i,,g,'''2;'"'':i''-""."""''' '"""".,..,,'' ...: g 2| ' l0.g,.
_uldngf a ier .. ;j;;S,;,,.0 ( pjt,
WI5r66
__i:,:iEr~s
Bilding a wpe .Clinton PotterBuldnllg a wiIper . .3 Potter Cranberry Co
Warrens WI 54666
Living on 100acres .. .
Evital controls nutgrass
and cutgrass. And 14 more
troublesome weeds
in cranberries.
Evital doesn't fall short in effective weed control. It stops
16 profit-robbing weeds, including tough ones like smoke grass,
spike rush, and barnyard grass.
· evital stops tough weeds in cranberries better than any
other granular herbicide.
e evital is a sand-core granule making it an outstanding
aerial formulation; easy ground application as well.
* evital is the No. 1choice to apply over newly-sanded bogs
to prevent weed emergence.
It's the broad spectrum weed-control herbicide that
cranberry growers depend on year after year.
(Use herbicides effectively. Read and follow label
directions carefully.)
GRANULAR HERBICIDE FOR CRANBERRIES
L/^ ^1^ Sandoz, Inc. Crop Protection/480 Camino Del Rio South/San Diego, CA 92108
SANDOZ I Copyright, 1980, Sandoz, Inc.
Device adapted for bogs
Wipe away your weeds
By JOHN S. NORTON
(EDITOR'S NOTE: Stan, as
Norton's friends call him,
constructed the weed wiper and
carriage he describes below.
Norton, the country's only full
time research engineer in cran-
berries, has been at the Massachu-
setts Cranberry Experiment
Station 1957 Se al
Station since 1957. Several
Massachusetts growers have built
wipers similar
to the one Norn
wipers similar to the one Norton
describes.)
The rope-wick type weed wiper,
developed by researchers at the
University of Missouri and at the
USDA Research Unit at Stoneville,
Miss., has been adapted for use in
controlling tall weeds on cran-
berry bogs.
THE APPLICATOR assembly
consists of a 3-inch diameter PVC
pipe about 10 feet in length with
a series of rope wicks inserted in
eiesholes in the side of the pipe. The
hoe i esde o the e e
pipe is capped on both ends and
a removable filler plug is installed
in the top of the pipe
in the top of the pipe.
The wick material is soft
woven, nylon rope /2-inch in
diameter. Each piece of wicking
is about 18 inches long and the
two ends are inserted in holes in
the pipe about 8 inches apart.
This leaves about 5 inches of
wick dangling into the pipe at
each hole.
Two parallel rows of wicks
are installed along the length of
ows a staggered so tat the
wicks in one row will overlap the
short spaces between the ends
of adjacent wicks in the other
row.
Rubber grommets are used to
seal the space between the wicks
and the PVC pipe. Electrical
grommets with 2-inch holes
are placed on the wicks. The
holes in the pipe must be the
a._Z >correct size to accomodate the
MASSACHUSETTS GROWERS
* ,-. .i-. . L, i. oi.,.-
Financial assistance is available for Scholarships and
for Hospital and Medical care for Cranberry Growers, their
Employees and the families of both when financial need can
v'~~~ .)\~~~~
.
be shown. For information contact:
0Y~~~~~ *~~~~' 'A{~
URANN FOUNDATION
P.O. Box 1788
Brockton MA 02403
Telephone 588-7744
grommets.
A After a grommet has been
^
installed on each end of a wick,
the wick is inserted into a pair of
t i i i i a
, [
~~~~holes in the pipe and the
~grommets are clipped into the
holes. This process is repeated
for every pair of holes until the
two rows of wicks have been
installed.
If the installation process
** * ** ** * ** has been properly executed, there
will only be capillary size spaces
through which liquid can move.
This will prevent leaks when the
liquid is above the level of the
holes.
MOST OF THE cranberry
loTCKB N
growers who have constructed
He s s 4nfflthe rope-wick weed wipers have
a 40I CourtStreet. Plymouth Mass. 02361bythe(continued on page 12)
Members of COVER PHOTO
;Gcge-~VWiley & Co., Inc.
STOCKS & BONDS
40 Court Street, Plymouth, Mass. 02361
617-746-3322 Coil Toll Free in Mass 1-800-242-0263
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
conducted asuccessful 10 acre
~si BONcranberry bog for many years.
¢ He was assisted in his endeavors
by the Plymouth Conservation
4 District and the Soil Conservation
* * Service. Story on page 6.
tIIIIIfIIIlII111111111111111IIIIIII111
IIIfiillllll,11iltH
lilll3
ITTAKES JUST ONE HERBICIDE,
USED ONCE AYEAR,
TO GET TO THE ROOT
OF-YOUR WEED PROBLEMS.
proved to themselves that
CASORON gives the most
effective control possible.
Control that makes good
f! / economic sense.
Try ityourself. Get the
once-a-year herbicide that
puts an end to weed problems:
CASORON herbicide
,~ _ " i ~granules.
G-4 HERBICIDE
_~~ :"Ae--L~ J.CASORON is a Reg. TM of Philips-DupharB.V., Amsterdam, Holland. :
CASORON® G-4 herb-kill problem weeds the first
icide, by itself, controls more time around. And the follow-
than 40 weeds, including ing spring, it will save you
ferns, rushes and sedges expensive man-hours norm-i _B
that can cut your cranberry ally spent spraying or hand-
yields. And CASORON gets weeding stragglers.
them all with just one pre-For more than a decade
season application, cranberry growers have
CASORON strikes weeds
where they're most vulnerable:
at their roots. It stops
even the hardiest perennials
before they have a chance
to rob precious nutrients
from your crop.
Just apply CASORON
granules to bogs in early | I
spring and relax. CASORON ANORTH AMERICANPHILIPSco..
goes to work immediately, to P.. Box 2383 Kansas City, Kansas 66110
USDA INCREASES FEES
^ys~ USDA's Food Safety and Quality
rb^ ~
___________________ fl /Service increased the fees it charges
. . gl f Y -— industry to inspect and grade fresh
l a/ H fruits and vegetables at destination
^/| E | recently, said Assistant
/-//markets
IJII.l^/ lIUI '-JJ/,< Secretary of Agriculture Carol Tucker
Foreman.
CRANBERRIES
Will antitrust 5
THE NATIONAL CRANBERRY
be throttledl
MAGAZINE
When CRANBERRIES recently interviewed spokesmen for Oceanur 4th Year of Publication-
Spray and the Federal Trade Commission about the nine year old VOLUME 45-NO. 4
antitrust investigation of the cranberry cooperative, both sides April 1981
acknowledged that Republican Administrations traditionally have Send correspondence to:
been more vigorous about hounding monopolies. P.O. Box 249
So far, however, the Reagan Administration seems to be Cobalt CT 06414
departing from that tradition.
Recently, the Office of Management and Budget recommended Phone: (203) 342-4730
sharp reductions in the FTC's antitrust budget allocation. Also, the Bob Taylor, Publisher/Editor
whole antitrust philosophy that had its birth in the 19th century is ADVISORS, CORRESPONDENTS
increasingly becoming the target of criticism by influential social Massachusetts-Dr. Chester E.
thinkers on both the right and left. Others, of course, hotly defend Cross, Director, Massachusetts Cran
strong enforcement of antitrust laws. berry Experiment Station; Irving
Demoranville, Extension Cranberry
However the debate comes down during Reagan's term of office, Cr
Speciahist, Massachusetts Cranberryhere's hoping that either there is action in the Ocean Spray case or Station Michael Couture, East Ware-
that it is dropped before very much more time has passed. After ham, Mass.; Carolyn Caldwell,
all, the case has been on hold for about nine years. Rochester, Mass.
New Jersey-Philip E. Marucci,
______-__t_ -r_-__-i-_ini-_n-__-_-n_-_-_i-_-__-_____ Cranberry and Blueberry Specialist,
Howe sE.
-_ -__ __-_-
Cranberry and Blueberry Laboratory,
Chatsworth, N.J.; Elizabeth M.
Carpenter, Chatsworth, N.J.; Mary
Archibald, Collingswood, N.J.
r)'N ..
Nova Scotia-I.V. Hall, botanist,
Specializing in Research Station, Kentville, N.S.
Oregon-Arthur Poole, Coos
l;^^^^^ 1 Agricultural Construction County Extension Agent, Coquille,
Ore.
Flun^B tesf^ ~Washington-Azmi Y. Shawa,
F\^ ^^R*lif and Extension Agent in
glumes EHorticulturist
~ ,jC Canals Res. and
^^ Horticulture, Coastal Wash.
Lanud clearing Ext. Unit, Long Beach, Wash.
San g Wisconsin-Tod D. Planer, Farm
Management Agent, Wood County;
MERT HOWES Water holes Joan E. Humphrey, Friendship.
295-5542 Ditching
CRANBERRIES is published monthly
Dikes by the Taylor Publishing Co., Wellwyn
619 COUNTY ROAD Grading Drive, Portland CT 06480. Second
0~~~~619ROADCOUNTY GrI~ading ^class postage is paid at the Portland,
W. WAREHAM, MASS. Conn., Post Office. Price is $8 a year,
$1 5 for two years, 80 cents a copy in02576 the U.S.; $9a year in Canada; $10 a
year in all other countries. Copyright
1980 by Taylor Publishing.
ISSN: 0011-0787
Cranberries and conservation
Successful combination
for Domingo Fernandes
Raising a family on the income good cranberries. I guess it all
from 10 acres of cranberry bog adds up to a successful family
may sound unlikely in today's farm operation."
economy, but Domingo FERNANDES' FATHER
Fernandes, a Carver, Mass., migrated to this country in
gthislife doing 1898 from the Cape Verde
grower, spent his life doing Islands off the coast of West
just that. Before he died of Africa. He made his living by
cancer last year at the age of 58, picking cranberries until 1920,
Fernandes discussed his effort when he bought his own bog
to create a model cranberry farm. and went into business for
"It's been a family operation himself. Fernandes, working
from the start" explained in his father's bog, learned the
Fernandes. "We were fortunate business at an early age.
to have ambitious children who Fernandes' wife, Albertina,
are interested in the cranberry also came from the same
bogs. We have had valuable cranberry-farming background.
hlfbogs. ou Paehdvlymout In fact, Fernandes bragged
help from our Plymouth about the fact that Albertina
Conservation District and the bou e that rf
once broke the record for
USDA Soil Conservation hand-scooping cranberries-
Service (SCS). And we've 101 bushels in one day.
always had a desire to grow After serving in the Armed
l O0
295-2222 as 295-2207
Offkce X A T ' K. reaton
CRAWNBERRY
fGROWERS SERVICE
}FERNANDES
D1n 4t ^^lr Awt5§
SeatonRl ~~~^
^^* ban
97P.3601
D.888-1288 AMon Beton
Specializing in
* DITCHING *NETTING
*SANDING *WEED CLIPPING
*COMPLETE*HARVESTING
BOG
MANAGEMENT (Wet rad Dry)
Complete line of portable Crisafulli Pumps 2" -16"
Plastic netting for suction boxes
Forces during World War II,
Fernandes came back to
Plymouth County and the
cranberry business. With
money he had saved, he managed
to build a small bog. From that
start he was able to invest in
additional acreage until he had
a total of 10 acres which,
according to Fernandes, is one
of the smaller bog operations
in eastern Massachusetts.
Very knowledgeable about
his crop, Fernandes liked to
point out that the berries
actually grew wild in the area
long before the Pilgrims landed
at nearby Plymouth. Today,
with approximately 11,000
acres under cultatvion,
acres under cultivation,
Massachusetts produces nearly
50 percent of all cranberries
grown in the U.S. Fernandes
sold his "Early Black" berries
to the nearby Ocean Spray
farmers' cooperative, of
which he was a member.
Fernandes dry harvested
because of his limited water
supply in the fall when many
cranberries are picked by the
'"wet" method.
BECAME a
cooperator with the Plymouth
Conservation District in 1957.
This entitled him to obtain technical
planning assistance from the Soil
Conservation Service as well as
other agricultural agencies
cooperating with the district.
In an effort to increase his
cranberry production, Fernandes
asked SCS to design a new water-
control system for his two bogs.
The system recommended called
for reshaping and improving the
dikes and installing new flumes
that would give Fernandes better
control of water levels across the
bog during mid-winter flooding.
"The water control system sprinkler irrigation system for water to 56 sprinkler heads. All
worked fine for us until 1961 his bogs. The irrigation system would were installed under the cranberry
when we had a serious freeze late provide the needed protection from plants and are ready to use at a
in May" recalled Fernandes. "We quick temperature drops. The moment's notice.
had drained the bogs to get the spring irrigation system is also used to keep A second system was installed
growth started when the freeze hit. the plants from drying out during in his nearby bog to complete a
We didn't have water so we lost our summer droughts. modern irrigation system. It gave
entire crop that year." Using designs provided by SCS, Fernandes 5,800 feet of plastic
Not long after that Fernandes Fernandes dug two one-quarter irrigation lines feeding water when
asked SCS for help in designing a acre spring-fed ponds next to his bogs. needed to just over 100 sprinkler
--------O --These, plus two pumps (one gas-heads.
O---oo
powered, one electric), sent With the touch of a button, the
1^1i ~ke' irrigation water through a series of
s 1
Mike' ls" 4 above ground aluminum pipes and
ortab eI sprinkler heads to the cranberries CRANBERRY GROWERS
ro^ UId ?e U when needed. By today's more REALTY
:elding
modern standards, Fernandes'
WleldiI g 1 irrigation system was old-Listings of buyers and
CranberryEqu ent fashioned, but it served the purpose sellers welcomed on cranvery
well, he recalled. berry acreage and upland.
Built and Repaired LAST SPRING during his
illness, Fernandes rushed to
Clippers, Flunles complete installation of all the Appraisals
anid Wheel-offs elements of the modern water
control system which SCS had
all types of equipment designed for his bog. The older
FREE ESTIMATE irrigation system was replaced with DOUGLAS R. BEATON
(617)748-0014 a modern plastic underground pipe
(617) 748-0014 system. E. Sandwich, Mass.
(617) 74,8-01415 In one bog, 3,600 feet of 4-inch 02537
(617) 748-0031 mains and 1-inch laterals now feed (617) 88-12
A MOST COMPLETE INVENTORY OF
IRRIGATION ACCESSORIES i
,_----/ / " ENGINEERING & IRRIGATION, INC. -~
P.O.Box 66, 11 Larchmont Lane, Lexington, MA 02173 (617) 862-2550
IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT DESIGNED ESPECIALLY
FOR THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY
FOR EXAMPLE:
Gorman-RuppSelf PrimingElectric SprinklerPumps
Proven Quick Couple Riser
Ingersoll-Rand Water Harvest Pumrips
Aluminum Insert CouplingFor 4 "Poly Pipe
Contact: Contact :
Larchnmont Engineering Bill Stearns, Plymiouth,i. XNlls.
Phil Tropeano, President (617) 746-6048
(617) 862-2550 (Call Collect) (617){ 746-2610
new system can deliver water during
summer droughts or water to protect
cranberry plants from sub-freezing
temperatures. It also delivers
fertilizer and insecticides to the
cranberries through the irrigation
system.
FERNANDES' ABILITY to
produce quaogniya casb erries as
1965 when
he won the Plymouth Conservatio
District's "Farmer of the Year" award.
Commenting on his talent for
growing quality berries, Fernandes
said: "I learned about growing
cranberries first from my father and
from fellow cranberry growers. With
children who enjoyed working and
a wife who has been very helpful,
we've managed to make a fairly good
living from our 10-acre bog. Being
independent and working for our-
selves really helped us toward success."
Fernandes had reason to be proud
of his success in growing cranberries
and of the family which, working
together, helped make that success
possible. He and Albertina have raised
eight children, five of their own and
three foster children.
Bog constructD n
B~L~Og I~IIIoperation
con~s~Itructi~on~
Vine setting
ai^~~
Flumes and flume work
Bog sand ...
Bog s
x1^
Nenasket
Cons ructlot lo
Co., Inc.
275 Wareham St.,
Middleboro MA 02346
(617) 947-1723
The oldest son, Domingo Jr., until
recently was associate executive of the
Narragansett Council, Boy Scouts of
America, in Providence. He has
returned to manage the bogs and
study for his master's degree. John
teaches at Duxbury High School
and helps part-time with the bog.
Edward attends Columbia University
Law School, and Joseph, the youngest
son, is at Dartmouth College. He
took care of the berries when frost
threatened last spring. Fernandes'
daughter, Terri, is a high school
student and will be entering college
this fall.
It appears obvious that the
Fernades' bog has been and will
continue to be a family operation, an
which reflects the feeling
of caring for the land and for all
living things that Domingo Fernandes
exemplified. In Albertina Fernandes'
words: "We will go on from here."
FARM EXPORTS
~CONTINUE TO SOAR
)Q^~ ~
For the 11th straight year,
farm exports cracked a record
in 1980. Exports amounted to
$40.5 billion.
< .-:------•-:-:~--
DIRECTORY
for
8 Cranberry
Growers
CHARLES W.HARRI
Company
451 Old Somerset Avenue
North Dighton, Mass.
Phone 824-5607
AMES
IrrigationSystems
RAIN BIRD
Sprinklers
HALE
Pumps
Higet Quaity Product
with Satisfaction Guarant d
NO ON WINTERKILL Luckily, we've had snow cover to
protect them."
"As of Christmas, all but 50 to
^said dr^B~~ John C. Decas of Decas Cranberry
Co.
GROWER KARL J. ASHLEY
Butf9~~~~~~ought1^ ^^&
60 of our 400 acres were under water"
said the swamps his Rochester bogs
causes worry draw water from are "4 feet low."
By CAROLYN CALDWELL
"The vines
give no evidence
"The vines no evidence of
having been winterkilled this
winter" Dr. Chester E. Cross,
tor o theMs
Css
director ofxthe Massachusetts
Cranberry Experiment Station,
told growers at a recent weather
seminar.
WHILE THERE APPEARS to
have been no winterkilling conditions
up until the end of February, the
prolonged drought in southeastern
Massachusetts will continue to be the
biggest worry of the year for cranberry
growers. All difficult management
decisions for the coming season will
be based on the availability of water.
Area precipitation in the 13
month period from January 1980 to
January 1981 was 15/2 inches
deficient-about 30 percent-below
the 30 year average, according
to Prof. Irving E. Demoranville,
cranberry extension specialist at the
station.
January's 25 inches of snow
amounted to only 11/2 inches of
moisture-2/2 inches below normal.
"Because of the extreme cold
and relative humidity, there was very
little moisture content in the snow"
said Demoranville, who monitors
the weather for Massachusetts
growers. "Our water table is still
going down. That's why our ponds
are not recovering."
"We had the third lightest
precipitation but the third highest
snowfall in January" Cross said. "The
snow protected the exposed vines so
they did not get winterkill but it
cut off the light, causing a 'Wisconsin
effect."'
At the beginning of January,
Demoranville issued a warning to
growers that "persistent snow on the
flooded bogs is reducing oxygen
levels in the water under the ice."
At that time the Massachusetts
Cranberry Station recommended that
"growers keep their floods, conserve
"growaterskposthble flodst consre
all water possible and take a chance
on oxygen deficiency injury except
where abundant water (in spite of
ice) makes re-flooding easy."
"This is the type of winter where
you have to make your own decision"
said Demoranville.
Massachusetts growers took
advantage of the early cold snap to
catch up on sanding they missed
during last year's mild winter. In
January there was an unusually
good four weeks of heavy ice. Growers
had to roll down or plow off powdery
snow after the storms before getting
their sanders out on the ice.
February brought rain and a
warming trend that melted ice. Water
quickly disappeared from bogs with
no clay bottom. In many areas,
growers were uncertain how they
would get water back on if protection
was needed again.
"Water is our biggest problem"
said Robert Hiller of Hiller Cranberry
Co. in Rochester, Mass. "In 20 out
of 200 acres, we can't get water on.
^
During the cold January weather, he
went to work to dig out a pond but
was unable to get past the mud to
the sandy bottom.
By Feb. 25, southeastern
Massachusetts received slightly above
average precipitation, which only made
up 2/3 inch of the 15/2 inch deficiency,
according to Demoranville.
"We're still a long way from home"
Demoranville said. "The way these
weather patterns are, the currents and
jet streams don't change very rapidly."
Growers are hoping spring rains
will make up the difference before
water for frost protection is needed.
"It's a long way from being back
to normal" said William M. Atwood
of A.D. Makepeace Co., the area's
largest grower. "The water is about
the same as last year. I would say
there will be as much water for the
(continued on page 16)
AVAILABLE AT THESE S TORES.
Robert Alberghini Pilgrim Agricultural Supply Inc.
Carver, MA Plymouth, MA
617-866-4429 617-746-0970
New Bedford Agway Merle Stetson
New Bedford, MA E. Taunton, MA
617-997-0093 617-822-6748
Cape Agricultural Supply Inc.
Sandwich, MA
617-888-0044
AGWAY
Devrinol is a registered trademark of Stauffer
Chemical Co.
It's 1981
This year change your 1960 style fertilizer program to a more
profitable program using a cranberry fertilizer with IBDU
as the primary source of nitrogen.
Come in and discuss: Fertilizer Weeds
Soil Testing
Helicopter Application
Watch your profits increase in the 80's
with
IBDU
R. F.
& SON, INC.
Your Year-Round Service Center
CRANBERRY HIGHWAY*WEST WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 02576* (617) 295-1553
:---::::~~~,/
A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-::_:,::~::
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~::'-'
liiii;ii~-il~~i :-j
~ 1-::iii
1 5:ii'~::-:::j~-::: i-.V. ::-~:::_
\4,: ~~:~~:i,jK/-:: F~
/
S S 0··
0i S~i -::::::::-:::-iii Si: i-ii
:: ~
il~ii-:li:_0 5_ --1'~iji1
a·
I L
Massachusetts cranberry growers, you can control both nutgrass
and rice cutgrass without harming your vines.
Use Devrinol ®herbicide. Devrinol gives excellent control of these tough
weeds with good crop tolerance.
Apply Devrinol 10-G in the spring, before weeds begin to grow. Or, you
can apply Devrinol in the fall, after harvest.
Control nutgrass and cutgrass without harming your vines. See your
Stauffer supplier for Devrinol. For use in Massachusetts only. Always
follow label directions carefully. Stauffer Chemical Company, Agricultural
Chemical Division, Westport, Connecticut 06880.
®
IIDevrinol
11
---i 11i
WIPEAWAY..V
WE 'A' W
(continued from page 3)
constructed them as described
above. The one built at the
Cranberry Experiment Station,
however, had one additional
feature that we feel enhances
its effectiveness. That was the
addition of a sheet of terrycloth
wrapped around the boom so
that there would be more area
of wick or herbicide saturated
material to make contact with
the weeds.
The original weed wipers as
developed at Stoneville, Miss.,
were mounted on tractors for
use in row crops. This is not a
practical mode of transportation
of the weed wiper on cranberries,
because the period when it is
effective is in the middle of the
growing season and the damage
to the crop would be too great.
not proved to be a
~from
This has not proved to be a
deterrent to the growers. Some
I
have attached handles to each end
of the wiper boom and have had
the booms carried by hand at the
proper height to strike the weeds
and still stay above the cran-
berry vines. Others have copied
a carriage developed at the
Massachusetts Cranberry Experi-
ment Station.
THE CRANBERRY Station
wiper carriage is a sulky-like
device, using an aluminum frame-
work mounted on a pair of
20-inch bicycle wheels. This is
shown in the figures on page 14.
The boom is suspended from
the frame, just to the rear of the
wheels, by a pair of cables. The
cables are connected to a lever,
which is mounted on the tongue,
and the height of the boom is
controlled by the lever,
Since the boom is suspended
on cables, it is necessary to
provide a means of preventing it
from swinging. This is
has swinging. This
accomplished by a pair of rigid
vertical members mounted behind
C f/ -'_
I Credt..Puedthflat
_
»-V l,Ir 4by
4/2 inch by 1/4 inch steel
• IIplate, wheel forks welded
underneath.
5. Wheel forks mounted 1/4inch
by 1¼
/4inch by 4 inch steel
CreditPl...us! -angle welded to the end of
Credit .-.. Plus!
cross member.
i 6. Cross member, 2 inch steel
channel iron.
Cross member 11/¼ inch by
1/4 inch steel angle iron.
i 7.
ASolid
8. Handle.
9. 20 inch bicycle wheel.
requires solid financing . . . and that's our spe 10. Wheel forks 1inchsteel
I cialty. Credit for equipment, land, buildings ... all channel iron.
Ec your financial needs. For Credit . . . Plus a full
range of other finance-related services, see your iron.
. 12. Pulley to guide cable.
local Farm Credit representative. 13. 210 inch cable.
I P.O. Box 7 Taunton, Mass. 0.2780 Tel: (617) 824-7578 [ 14. Height adjustment.
each wheel, between which the
boom is confined.
In using the weed wiper, care
must be exercised to prevent the
dripping of herbicide onto the
cranberry vines. One precaution
that may be taken is the use of
a leakproof trough, large enough
to enclose the boom, suspended
below the boom whenever it
contains herbicide but is not in
use.
If the weed wiper user elects to
include the terrycloth wrap around
the boom, it may be desirable to
speed up the saturation of the
terrycloth before each use by
applying herbicide directly to the
terrycloth by sprayer or bucket.
When doing this, the safety
trough should be in position to
catch the surplus material.
PARTS LIST FOR
WEED WIPER CARRIAGE
1. Tongue, 1/2 inch square
aluminum tubing.
2. Stabilizing members, 1/2 inch
square aluminum tubing.
3. Mounting plates, 3/16 inch
aluminum welded to each
end of the stabilizing member.
4. Wheel fork mounts, 4/2inch
f Office:Located on Rt. 44, 1/4Mile West of Rt. 24 a 15. Braces 1 inch steel channel.
,,,,,,,,,,,,,, , , 1...
I lllglll,,ll,,llllllllllllllllllllll",lllnllllllll""l«"«Il,,""••"^'""""""""•"" ", j 16. Wiper boom.
3
5
Fig. 2
FIGURE 1. External view of wick applicator showing the components assembled. Materials are as
follows: (1) PVC pipe; (2) capped fill spout; (3) end cap; (4) wicks; (5) rubber grommets. FIGURE
2. Expanded view of one wick showing details of construction.
Foreman Wanted
We are expanding our cranberry operation and have an
opening for a cranberry bog foreman. Opportunity for
advancement. Good pay, excellent benefits, including
Blue Cross -Blue Shield and a retirement plan. Must have
an interest in agriculture. Call for appointment and
interview at (617) 293-3739 or 293-3720.
United Cranberry Growers Associates Inc.•
HAWKS AVENUE, HANSON, MASS. 02341 (617) 293-3739 or 293-3720
13
ll
9<0 dYL
—« r* ^
~ '^~~
^^^ ^---0^ . lpl [.-------^^ ~~•#' "' ^ '^~^~~~~~~~~~~^
14~ ~ ;!4
FROM TOP TO BOTTOM: Top, side and rear views of weed wiper carriage.
14~
~
2 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~i
"'7~iii·~·-~ \'4;;"a;'4;4
L:IJ'~~~~~44
\"'X i--··
'74-i;'4;/7'\ i~i.~.ii-·;~ :,-Iii~iii
Install the flow gates now
that generations will rely on.
Felker flow gates are built to last, thanks to famous
Felker welded construction, generously braced
designs, and highest quality materials. Manufactured
in aluminum only.
Standard sized for conduits from 15-to 48-inch
diameters with riser widths from 24-to 72-inches, height
as required. Single, double and triple log channel
designs, other sizes available upon application. For
virtually any size or water control application,
sTRENGTH Felker Brothers are flow gate specialists. Send for
IS METAL free bulletin.
r _FELKER BROTHERS CORPORATION
' I | Wisconsin 54449 'Marshfield,
|^B A/ PHONE 715-384-3121 TWX 510-370-1846 TELEX 29-3451
'5
and 27-28. The only cooler than NEW JERSEY
average days were the 3rd to 6th and
at^
13th. The seesaw pattern of weather in w eat er 3 hPrecipitation totaled 6.95 inches the cranberry region of New Jersey is
or 3.4 inches above normal, the first well illustrated in the fluctuating
. above normal month since October. temperatures during January and
V'a c l was ^This February. An unusually cold period
^ the second wettest February
in our records, surpassed only by the was followed by an unusual warm
1969 record. There were 15 days with spell.
measurable precipitation, with the January was the fourth coldest
MASSACHUSETTS greatest storm of 4.02 inches on the first month of the year in the 51
January was cold; in fact, record 24th to 27th. We are about 0.7 inch year weather recording history at
cold for us. We averaged a whopping above normal for the two month Pemberton. The average temperature
10.1 degrees a day below normal, periods and 5.4 inches more than of 25.3 degrees F is 7.4 degrees
breaking our record set in 1970. in 1980. below normal. One of the most severe
Maximum temperature was 45 degrees There was only 1.8 inches of snow, spells of weather ever experienced
on the 27th and the minimum was which is far below normal. in southern New Jersey occurred
-10 degrees on the 12th. The only I.E.D. between Jan. 9 and 14. During this
warmer than average days were the AN RRIperiod, the daytime temperatures were
19th and 26th to 28th. Cooler than d CRAN constantly well below freezing, while
average periods occurred on the 3rd
to 5th, 8th to 14th, 17th, 18th, 20th
and 31st.
Precipitation stayed in the same old
rut, totaling only 1.61 inches, which is (Wisconsin-Michtign Growers)
2.7 inches below normal. This was the ALUMINUM HEADGATES FABRICATED
driest since 1970 and the third driest TO YOUR SPECIFICATIONS
in our records, surpassed only by 1955 HAND WHEEL OPERATED GATES
and 1970. The greatest storm was 0.45 ALUMINUM CORRUGATED PIPE
on the 7th and there were 13 days with INTERNATIONAL POWER UNITS
measurable precipitation. Total INTERNATIONAL CRAWLER TRACTORS
snowfall was 25 inches, second greatest WARNER A SWASEY EXCAVATORS
WALDON LOADERS AND USED EQUIPMENT
total in our records, with 8.5 inches in WALDO LOADERS AND USED EQUIPMENT
the 16th-17th as the largest storm. The Eau Claue, Wis. Escanaba, Mich. Mlwauke, Was.
temperaturesso cold that there 715-835-5157 414461-5440
were 906-786-6920
temperatures were so cold that there onwood ich.
just wasn't any appreciable moisture Ma082disons. Green B Ironwood Mich.
608-222-415 I 414-4 35-6t,76 906-932-0222
content in the snow. Al iiamm*ilU EAIrMAET
February was a welcome relief UCTRwUCUL tV
hIv TWUUU Iirbt
from the weather of the past few \ *EA!ISIEN1OIAT1 4A COMPANY
months-it was warm and wet. The
temperature averaged 4.4 degrees a
day above normal, the first normal
month since September. This was the i ^
fourth warmest in our records and l E o1 0
the warmest since the record of 1960.
Maximum temperature was 59 degrees ROBERT NIEMI
on the 11th and 21st and the minimum
was 1 degree on the 1st. Warmer than CON
average periods were the 2nd, 11th, ELECTRICAL C TRACTORS
12th, 16th through 21st, 23rd to 25th
BUT DROUGHT... HEAT, LIGHT and POWER WIRING
(continued from page 9)
spring as last year. We're planning on *RESIDENTIA L
a lot of moisture by May."
Decas, who is president of the * 'i x, l Y DR T A
Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Assn., 1 J Xl ERtI IC CIA L
is optimistic about winter conditions
but anxious about the spring. IN D T RIA
"My prediciton is that we areIN D IA
going to survive the winter in very TEL. 295-1880
good shape" he said in January.
"But I am worried about irrigation for Robert Niemi Pinehurst Dr. Wareham, Mass.
the coming season."
at night thermometer readings were
near or below zero. There were four
below zero recordings (-8, -7, -10
and -6) and the average temperature
for the six day period was only 11.3
degrees F. An average of less than
one (0.68) below zero day has
occurred in the month of January since
1930.
In February, the weather abruptly
changed to almost balmy conditions.
The average temperature for the month
was 38.5 degrees F, or 5 degrees above
normal, and the sixth warmest
February at the Pemberton station.
A very cold first half of the month was
overbalanced by extremely warm
weather during the latter half. From
the 16th to the end of the month,
daily maximums were constantly in
the 50 and 60 degree range with a
record breaking 71 degrees F on the
18th. The average temperature during
this 13 day period was 47.7 degrees
F, which is actually 3 degrees warmer
than the average temperature for
March.
Precipitation during January was
only 0.72 inch, the second driest
ever for this month and 1.49 inches
below normal. This marks the eighth
out of the nine months since May
that rainfall has been deficient.
During this period, a total of 20.67
inches or 14.28 inches below normal
precipitation had occurred. Significant
restoration of water lost in the drought
occurred during February when 3.94
inches, or .97 above normal rain fell
at Pemberton. At Chatsworth, closer
to the main cranberry growing area,
the amount of rain that fell was about
5 inches. Most growers in this area
now report that reservoirs are back
to near capacity. The fact that
moderate drought conditions could
be relieved by one month of
moderately abundant rainfall isone
of the remarkable attributes of the
Pine Barrens. In this region, almost
all of the precipitation is absorbed
by the earth with negligible runoff.
In North Jersey and other drought
stricken areas of the East, much
larger proportions of the rain is
lost in runoff.
The effect of the severe January
weather on blueberries is of concern
to blueberry growers. A mitigating
circumstance was the fact that there
was snowcover throughoutthe
extreme cold spell. Fruit bud samples
taken from representative cold blue-bulbs, shrubs, and also cranberry buds.
berry fields show only 5 to 8 percent January brought 60 degrees or above
damage of embryo flowers of the on seven days and then a cooling
Weymouth, which is one of the period. The high of 66 degrees came
varieties most susceptible to winter for February on the 22nd and 23rd
killing. Very little winter killed wood and a low of 25 degrees on the 5th-7th.
has been found, but this type of The bog low was 24 degrees on the 5th.
damage does not become fully A.Y.S.
evident until warm weather in the
spring. WISCONSIN
P.E.M. Temperatures in Wisconsin during
January averaged 2 to 4 degrees above
NOVA SCOTIA normal.
In contrast to the early winter, February began with very cold
the month of February was one of temperatures. Some light to moderate
snowfalls occurred during the first
the nicest on record. Most of our
snow disappeared and we crossedWisconsin Aiculture
our fingers lest we have a real cold
spell which could be injurious to Reporting Service
flower buds. IOIIIUU IIIWIIIIIII lll#M»)1lFlllmlMI
I.V.H.-
re g l nal
W
The year 1980 came to an end for
Washington weather patterns providing, lneVV
to date, a mild winter.
The precipitation for December not
totaled 12.19 inches, bringing the year's
total to 74.29 inches. This is five years IIIIIIIIIIIUlllnmnMwimmmmttlIlmll
in a row that the precipitation total
has been from 17.02 to 6.02 inches acetts
below the normal of 85.30. The trend By IRVING DEMORANVILLE
is very obvious in the surrounding
area.mbers of the Cape Cod
The January precipitation totaled Cranberry Growers Assn. who have
only 3.94 inches. The average for had a change in their telephone number
January is 12.90 inches. February since the end of the frost season should
precipitation totaled 9.59 inches, just inform the Cranberry Station before
above normal, with the greatest rainfall April 15.
of 1.90 inches coming on the 18th. The 1981 Cranberry Weed and
A mild winter has brought early Insect charts are being printed. There
action in all plantings, e ardenertilizer chart this
year, so hold on to your old one.
WISCONSIN CRANBERRY
HEADQUARTERS F R
H A UU CORLE
E V I T A L SO LO DIQ U A T
2-4-D DOWPON ETHREL
SEVIN · PARATHION e GUTHION · DIAZINON
KOCIDE * DEIFOLITAN * FERBAM
COPPER SULFATE * PRINCEP
C l e e i 1 S u p p
DIVISION OF plfkin AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL CO
P.O. BOX 7211, MADISON, WISCONSIN 53707
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIl11111111111111111l 608-221-1581
_ater props