Taxes

Pursuant to the 1992 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, which was
amended and supplemented under Resolution No. 51/2001/QH10;
The National Assembly promulgates the Law on Personal Income Tax.
Chapter I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 1. Scope of regulation
This Law provides for personal income taxpayers, taxable incomes, incomes eligible for
personal income tax exemption or reduction, and personal income tax bases.
Article 2. Taxpayers
1.

Taxes in America amount to about 30 percent of national
income or roughly $12,000 per man, woman, and child. Now,
that’s a lot of money that could otherwise be spent on privately
provided goods and services that people value and enjoy, so
it’s no surprise that Americans pay very close attention to
whether we are getting our money’s worth and whether our
own tax bill is too high

Temporary difference: a difference between the carrying amount of an asset or liability and its tax base. ─ Taxable temporary difference: a temporary difference that will result in taxable amounts in the future when the carrying amount of the asset is recovered or the liability is settled. ─ Deductible temporary difference: a temporary difference that will result in amounts that are tax deductible in the future when the carrying amount of the asset is recovered or the liability is settled.

We are living in interesting times. We are coming out of a recession that
was a once-in-a-generation event; it caused high unemployment, a large
number of home foreclosures, and substantial losses in the stock market and in
retirement savings plans. In addition, there have been unprecedented financial
frauds and natural disasters, causing personal and financial losses to many
individuals. At the same time, a new administration has worked to ease some
of the pain for taxpayers while advancing certain reforms, such as health care
and “green.

Tax Motivated Cost-Shifting by Tax-Exempt Organizations I have benefited from discussions with David Autor, Jared Bernstein, Ken Chay,
Tom Davidoff, John DiNardo, Nada Eissa, Jonah Gelbach, Alan Krueger, David Lee,
Darren Lubotsky, Rob McMillan, Jack Porter, and Diane Whitmore, and from participants at
several seminars where I have presented versions of the work contained here. I also thank
my various officemates over the last five years, particularly Liz Cascio, Justin McCrary, Till
von Wachter, and Eric Verhoogen, for many helpful conversations.

Introduction Canadian Tax Canadian tax is based on residency. Residents of Canada are subject to tax on their world wide income. That means that no matter where the income is earned, if you are a resident of Canada, you are required to pay tax to the Canadian government on that income. A person can be a factual resident of Canada or a deemed resident depending on residential ties and treaty tie-breaker rules (more on the treaty later). Non-residents, on the other hand, are subject to tax only on Canadian source income. This will normally fall into two types of...

To boost their domestic saving rate, many OECD countries have introduced savings accounts that offer tax advantages, called tax-preferred savings accounts. This report describes and analyses various tax-preferred savings accounts, excluding pension-related accounts, in a cross-section of 11 OECD countries. Based on a comparison of results, the report then answers the following questions: (1) which......

We ignored income taxes in this chapter for two reasons. First, many organizations do not pay income taxes. Not-for-profit organizations, such as hospitals and charitable foundations, and governmental agencies are exempt from income taxes. Second, capital budgeting is complex and is best absorbed in small doses. Now that we have a solid foundation in the concepts of present value and discounting, we can explore the effects of income taxes on capital budgeting decisions

This chapter discuss basic principles of income taxes and determine your filing status; describe the sources of gross income and adjustments to income, differentiate between standard and itemized deductions and exemptions, and calculate taxable income; prepare a basic tax return using the appropriate tax forms and rate schedules; explain who needs to pay estimated taxes, when to file or amend your return, and how to handle an audit.

In this chapter you will get an overview of how the U.S. government raises and spends money, examine the efficiency costs of taxes, learn alternative ways to judge the equity of a tax system, see why studying tax incidence is crucial for evaluating tax equity, consider the tradeoff between efficiency and equity in the design of a tax system.

Learning outcome of chapter 10: List alternative sources of government revenue; define a tax and describe the structure of tax rates; distinguish between general and selective taxes, specific and ad valorem taxes, as well as direct and indirect taxes; list the properties of a good tax; explain what is meant by an equitable tax;...

Chapter 11 explain what is meant by tax efficiency, compare the excess burden of different taxes using indifference curves, determine the magnitude of excess burden using the consumer surplus concept, explain the meaning of administrative efficiency and how it can be achieved, show what is meant by tax evasion and how to reduce it, define tax flexibility.

In this chapter: Distinguish between different indirect taxes and indicate their relative, importance as sources of revenue, discuss the merits of indirect taxation, describe the consumption type VAT, explain the economic effects of VAT, describe the personal consumption tax base, discuss the rationale for a personal consumption tax,...

This version includes amendments resulting from IFRSs issued up to 31 December 2008. IAS 12 Income Taxes was issued by the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) in October 1996. It replaced IAS 12 Accounting for Taxes on Income (issued in July 1979).

SIC Interpretation 21: Income taxes - Recovery of revalued non-depreciable assets. This version includes amendments resulting from IFRSs issued up to 31 December 2008. SIC-21 Income taxes - Recovery of revalued non-depreciable assets was developed by the Standing Interpretations Committee and issued in July 2000.

SIC Interpretation 25: Income taxes - Changes in the tax status of an entity or its shareholders. This version includes amendments resulting from IFRSs issued up to 31 December 2008. SIC-25 Income taxes - Changes in the tax status of an entity or its shareholders was developed by the Standing Interpretations Committee and issued in July 2000.