The inflation rate over the longer run is primarily determined by monetary policy, and hence the Committee has the ability to specify a longer-run goal for inflation. The Committee judges that inflation at the rate of 2 percent, as measured by the annual change in the price index for personal consumption expenditures, is most consistent over the longer run with the Federal Reserve’s statutory mandate. Communicating this inflation goal clearly to the public helps keep longer-term inflation expectations firmly anchored, thereby fostering price stability and moderate long-term interest rates and enhancing the Committee’s ability to promote maximum employment in the face of significant economic disturbances.

The maximum level of employment is largely determined by nonmonetary factors that affect the structure and dynamics of the labor market. These factors may change over time and may not be directly measurable. Consequently, it would not be appropriate to specify a fixed goal for employment; rather, the Committee's policy decisions must be informed by assessments of the maximum level of employment, recognizing that such assessments are necessarily uncertain and subject to revision. The Committee considers a wide range of indicators in making these assessments. Information about Committee participants' estimates of the longer-run normal rates of output growth and unemployment is published four times per year in the FOMC's Summary of Economic Projections.

Charles Schwab recently published a research note indicating that the Fed is watching inflation as measured by core PCE because it has a lower housing weight than CPI [emphasis added]:

The Fed also announced an explicit 2% inflation target for the first time in its history. This explicit inflation target also helps reduce uncertainty about policy long-term. The Fed will use the 2% annual target, based on changes in personal consumption expenditures (PCE) as their measure. The current year-over-year increase in PCE is 1.8% in the latest numbers. So they're still a touch below those targets. Bernanke was asked in the press conference following the meetings, "why PCE and not the consumer price index?" One reason is that in CPI, housing has a far greater weight. It appears to have understated inflation during the housing bubble and may overstate it now that renting is more popular than buying. The PCE is also adjusted more flexibly to changing consumption patterns. Fed critics might also argue that annual increases in PCE also tend to be lower than changes in the CPI.

Remember, under the Fed's new transparency initiative, we don't have to guess what the Fed is going to do anymore and revealing their methodology. Consider these figures from the Dallas Fed for PCE, core PCE and trimmed mean PCE, which is another technique for excluding the more volatile components of the inflation rate (click to enlarge image):

Any way you look at it, core PCE and trimmed mean PCE remains stubbornly low and below the 2% target. This suggests to me that the Fed believes it has more room to stimulate without igniting an inflationary spiral. Watch this series for hints that QE3 might be moving off the table and don't fret about signs of a cyclical rebound from economic releases like NFP.

The Bernanke Put still lives, at least for now.

Disclaimer: Cam Hui is a portfolio manager at Qwest Investment Fund Management Ltd. ("Qwest"). This article is prepared by Mr. Hui as an outside business activity. As such, Qwest does not review or approve materials presented herein. The opinions and any recommendations expressed in this blog are those of the author and do not reflect the opinions or recommendations of Qwest.

None of the information or opinions expressed in this blog constitutes a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security or other instrument. Nothing in this article constitutes investment advice and any recommendations that may be contained herein have not been based upon a consideration of the investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs of any specific recipient. Any purchase or sale activity in any securities or other instrument should be based upon your own analysis and conclusions. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Either Qwest or Mr. Hui may hold or control long or short positions in the securities or instruments mentioned.

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