3 Introducing Your ComputerTypes of Computerspgpersonal computer (PC)A computer used by one person at a time. (pg. 41)Computers can be grouped by size, purpose, and number of users.Type of ComputerNumber of User at One TimeSizeTypical User/PurposePersonal computer (PC) (microcomputer)OneFits on a desk, on a lap, or in a handUsed by individuals for organizing information, creating products, and entertainmentMinicomputerSeveral to hundredsOccupies part of a roomUsed by small to medium-sized organizations, such as schoolsMainframe (super computer)ThousandsRoom-sizedUsed by large corporations and government agenciesTechnology in Your Life

5 Introducing Your ComputerTypes of Computerspgcentral processing unit (CPU)A microprocessor, or tiny computer chip, that receives and carries out all the instructions given to a computer. (pg. 42)How Does My Computer Work?The “brain” of a computer is the central processing unit (CPU). When the CPU receives and carries out an instruction, it has completed one cycle.Computer’s speed = number of cycles completed in one secondCycles are measured in:Megahertz (MHz) = millions of cycles per secondGigahertz (GHz) = billions of cycles per secondTechnology in Your Life

6 Introducing Your ComputerTypes of ComputerspgbitThe smallest unit of computerized data. (pg. 42)byteThe building block for all information that flows through a computer. (pg. 42)Bits, Bytes, and Binary NumbersBits and bytes are small pieces of computerized data that communicate commands to a computer’s CPU:A bit is either a 1 or a 0 (binary digits).A byte contains eight bits.Each letter in the English language is represented by one byte.Technology in Your Life

8 Introducing Your ComputerTypes of ComputersCompare and Contrast What are some similarities and differences between mainframe computers and personal computers?Technology in Your Life

9 Introducing Your ComputerHardware BasicspgYour computer may use hardware like the components shown here.hardwareThe collection of physical pieces, or components, that make up a computer. (pg. 43)Technology in Your Life

10 Introducing Your ComputerHardware BasicspgHardware can be inside or outside the computer:The CPU and hard drive are inside the computer.The keyboard, monitor, and printer are outside the computer and must be connected by cables.Technology in Your Life

11 Introducing Your ComputerHardware BasicspginputInformation that is entered into a computer. (pg. 44)outputInformation that a computer produces and delivers back to the user. (pg. 44)What Are Input and Output Devices?Information flows between you and your computer through input and output devices. Examples of input devices are:keyboardmousescannerdigital camerajoystickExamples of output devices are:monitorprinterspeakersTechnology in Your Life

12 Introducing Your ComputerHardware BasicsIdentify Name three hardware components that are also input devices, and three hardware components that are also output devices. (Try to think of input and output devices that have not been mentioned yet.)Technology in Your Life

13 Introducing Your ComputerComputer Memory and Storage Basicspgread-only memory (ROM)Memory that permanently stores data and that cannot be erased or changed. (pg. 45)random-access memory (RAM)Temporary memory that a computer uses to store data and process information while working in a program. It is erased when the computer is turned off. (pg. 45)When Do I Use RAM and ROM?When you use your computer to perform any type of task, you are using two types of memory:Type of MemoryWhat Does It Do?When Is It Used?Read-only memory (ROM)Stores permanent information like telling the computer how to start upWhen you turn a computer on or offRandom-access memory (RAM)Stores temporary information when you are working in a fileWhen you start and use softwareTechnology in Your Life

14 Introducing Your ComputerComputer Memory and Storage Basicspgstorage deviceComputer equipment used to store data. Examples of storage devices are hard drive, network server, floppy disk, CD, DVD, and USB flash drive. (pg. 46)How Is Information Stored?When you save a file, you move the information from RAM to a storage device. The type of storage device depends on how much space is needed. Music and video files require more storage space than text files.Technology in Your Life

15 Introducing Your ComputerHardware BasicsExplain What do ROM and RAM stand for, and what do they do?Technology in Your Life

16 Introducing Your ComputerSoftware BasicspgsoftwareA set of instructions, also called a program or application, that tells a computer how to perform tasks. (pg. 47)operating system (OS)Software that controls all the other software programs and allows a computer to perform basic tasks. (pg. 47)Software is the set of instructions that lets you “talk” to your computer. Software translates commands into bits and bytes. Different types of software have different functions:Operating system (OS) software - makes your computer workApplication software - lets you do different tasks on your computerUtility software - helps you maintain your computer and keep it in good running conditionTechnology in Your Life

17 Introducing Your ComputerSoftware BasicspgHow Do I Use Software?It is important to choose the right software program for the type of task you want to do:Technology in Your Life

18 Introducing Your ComputerSoftware BasicspgWhat Is an Operating System?The operating system (OS) controls all other software and allows the hardware devices to work properly. Some popular operating systems are:Microsoft Windows - for PCsMac OS - for Apple computersLinux - for very large network computersHandheld operating systems - for PDAs, MP3 players, and cell phonesWhat Is a GUI?Nearly all modern operating systems use a graphical user interface (GUI). This lets users click on images or text on the screen instead of having to type commands.Technology in Your Life

19 Introducing Your ComputerSoftware BasicsDraw Conclusions What types of software could you use to accomplish your school tasks?Technology in Your Life

20 Introducing Your ComputerComputer Network Basicspg. 49networkA group of computers connected together, often through a central server, using telephone lines, cables, satellite links, radio, and/or other communication devices. (pg. 49)A computer network is a group of computers connected together. Networks allow people to share:informationhardwarestorage devicesInternet connectionsA network allows you to send data back and forth between different computers, servers, storage devices, and shared output devices:Technology in Your Life

21 Introducing Your ComputerComputer Network Basicspg. 49The Internet is the biggest network there is. Types of networks are:Local-area network (LAN) - covers a small area, such as a school or officeWide-area network (WAN) - covers a large geographic area, such as an international corporationIntranet - lets people within an organization or business share informationTechnology in Your Life

22 Introducing Your ComputerTech Talk Assessmentpg. 50Identify What are some activities for which you might use computer networks?Technology in Your Life

23 Introducing Your ComputerTech Talk Assessmentpg. 50Analyze If your teacher asked you to write a paper using a computer, how would the following help you?ROMRAMApplication softwareStorage devicesROM would let you turn your computer on and start the operating system.RAM would let you use software, such as word processing, to perform tasks.Application software, such as word processing software, would let you create a text document.Storage devices would let you save files without having to print them on paper.Technology in Your Life

24 Introducing Your ComputerTech Talk Assessmentpg. 50Compare How is a computer’s central processing unit (CPU) similar to the human brain?Self-Check Assess your understanding of what you read. Go to the Online Learning Center at concepts.glencoe.com. Choose After You Read Quizzes and take the Unit 2 Tech Talk Quiz.Technology in Your Life

25 Technology in Your LifeEnrichment ActivityCreate and Manage FoldersTechnology in Your Life

27 Exercise 1-1 Get to Know Windows ExplorerUse Microsoft WindowsExercise 1-1 Get to Know Windows Explorerpgfile managerA program that lets you view and organize files stored on a computer or network. (pg. 52)folderA place to save and organize files, such as documents or pictures. (pg. 52)In this exercise you will use Windows Explorer to practice organizing files. You will also display the file’s or folder’s size, type, and date modified.It is important to keep data on your computer organized so that it is easy to access. File manager programs like Windows Explorer can help you organize your:foldersfilesWindows ExplorerAPPLICATIONS USEDTechnology in Your Life

28 Exercise 1-1 Get to Know Windows ExplorerUse Microsoft WindowsExercise 1-1 Get to Know Windows ExplorerpgfileA named collection of data that is stored on a computer disk. Examples of file types include document, graphic, audio clip, and video clip. (pg. 52)driveA storage area identified by a letter and a colon (e.g., A:, B:, C:, and D:). (pg. 52)For each network, drive, or folder, you can:Click the Expand button (+) to reveal folders and filesClick the Collapse button (–) to hide folders and filesTechnology in Your Life

29 Exercise 1-2 Work with FoldersUse Microsoft WindowsExercise 1-2 Work with FolderspgIn this exercise you will use Windows Explorer to create a new folder. You will also copy a folder and paste it into your new folder.When you work with files and folders, follow these guidelines:Windows ExplorerAPPLICATIONS USED2A Mars ProjectDATA FILES USEDTechnology in Your Life

30 Exercise 1-3 Work with FilesUse Microsoft WindowsExercise 1-3 Work with FilespgIn this exercise you will move a file by copying it, then pasting it. You will then practice renaming and deleting the file.When you rewrite or create a new version of a document, you may want to rename the file. To remember the name and location of the latest version, you can:Add a date to the file name. The latest date is the most recent.Place all versions of the document into a folder with the same document name.Windows ExplorerAPPLICATIONS USED2A Mars ProjectDATA FILES USEDTechnology in Your Life

31 Exercise 1-4 Create a Copy Using Save AsUse Microsoft WindowsExercise 1-4 Create a Copy Using Save AspgSave AsA Microsoft Word command that allows you to rename a file and, at the same time, copy the file by saving it to a new location. (pg. 59)In this exercise you will use Save As to save a photo from a data file to your own folder and rename it.Use the Save As command to:Copy a fileRename a fileMove a file to a new locationMake changes in a file and keep the original versionAPPLICATIONS USEDWindows ExplorerMicrosoft Word2A Mars ProjectDATA FILES USEDTechnology in Your Life

32 Exercise 1-5 Work on the DesktopUse Microsoft WindowsExercise 1-5 Work on the DesktoppgShortcut (desktop)An icon on the desktop that links directly to a file or folder you use often. (pg. 61)In this exercise you will create, rename, and move files on the desktop instead of in Windows Explorer.The desktop is the main work area on a computer.Desktop shortcuts are small images or icons you can click for quick access to files, folders, and programs.You can create desktop shortcuts to folders or files that you use frequently.APPLICATIONS USEDWindows Explorer2A Mars ProjectDATA FILES USEDTechnology in Your Life

33 Exercise 1-6 Search for FilesUse Microsoft WindowsExercise 1-6 Search for FilespgIn this exercise you will use the Windows Search methods.The Search option on your computer allows you to look for files or folders by:Exact namePartial nameExact locationGeneral locationSizeWhen it was modifiedAPPLICATIONS USEDWindows ExplorerTechnology in Your Life

34 Use Microsoft Windows pg. 51–68Project AssessmentIdentify How would you open a file saved on the desktop?A. Single-click the file’s iconB. Double-click the file’s iconC. Right-click the file’s iconD. Drag the file’s icon to the taskbarThe correct answer is:Technology in Your Life

35 Use Microsoft Windows pg. 51–68Project AssessmentDescribe What are two important things to remember about organizing files and folders?Possible answers include:Group similar files together in one folder.Use file and folder names that are easy to remember.Keep track of where you move files and folders.Delete files and folders you no longer need.After emptying the Recycle Bin, you cannot retrieve deleted items.Technology in Your Life

36 Use Microsoft Windows pg. 51–68Project AssessmentIdentify Which of the following is not a search criteria you can use to find a word processing document on your computer?A. nameB. locationC. sizeD. number of pagesThe correct answer is:Technology in Your Life

38 Exercise 2-1 Get to Know Microsoft Windows HelpUse Microsoft HelpExercise 2-1 Get to Know Microsoft Windows Helppgcontent searchLooking for information from a list of categories and topics. (pg. 70)index searchScrolling through an alphabetical list of keywords to find information. (pg. 70)keywordA word or words that identify a topic of interest. (pg. 70)keyword searchUsing keywords to find information. (pg. 70)In this exercise you will learn about the different ways to search for information using Microsoft Windows Help.When you have a problem, you may be able to solve it using your software’s Help program. You can find information using one of three types of searches:Type of SearchHow It WorksContent searchYou choose from a list of categories and topicsIndex searchYou scroll through an alphabetical list of keywordsKeyword searchYou enter keywords to see related topicsTechnology in Your Life

39 Exercise 2-2 Perform a SearchUse Microsoft HelpExercise 2-2 Perform a SearchpgMicrosoft HelpAPPLICATIONS USEDIn this exercise you will perform a content search, a keyword search, and an index search to find information about how to open an application.The type of search you choose depends on what you know and what information you want to find:Content search – allows you to browse through a list of general categories to find topicsIndex search - helps you see how topics are related and narrows your searchKeyword search - useful whether you are looking for something specific or a general topicTechnology in Your Life

40 Exercise 2-3 Get to Know Microsoft Office HelpUse Microsoft HelpExercise 2-3 Get to Know Microsoft Office HelppgMicrosoft WordAPPLICATIONS USEDIn this exercise you will learn how to use the different Help options in Microsoft Word, which you can apply to any Microsoft Office application.There are four basic ways to use Help in a Microsoft Office application:Microsoft Office Help - search by keyword or browse through the Table of ContentsEnter a question - in the Help Search box or Type a Question for Help boxOffice Online - connect to Microsoft’s Web site for the latest information availableOffice Assistant - get answers and tipsTechnology in Your Life

41 Exercise 2-4 Search Microsoft Word HelpUse Microsoft HelpExercise 2-4 Search Microsoft Word HelppgMicrosoft WordAPPLICATIONS USEDIn this exercise you will use a number of search methods to learn how to create a table.When you use Help, choose the Search method that works best for you. In Microsoft Office you can use the Office Assistant, which:Pops up with more efficient ways to complete tasksLets you enter questionsDoes not always wait for you to ask before it offers helpCan be hidden while you are workingTechnology in Your Life

42 Technology in Your Life1Use Microsoft Help, pg. 69–81Project AssessmentAnalyze When you need help in Microsoft Office, why might you choose to enter a question in the Help Search box rather than look through the Table of Contents?If you have a specific question, it may be faster to type it in the Help Search box than locate the topic in the Table of Contents.Technology in Your Life

43 Technology in Your Life1Use Microsoft Help, pg. 69–81Project AssessmentDescribe What is the Office Assistant, and what does it do?The Office Assistant is one of several Help options available in Microsoft Office. If you run the Office Assistant while you are working, it will display alerts and offer tips automatically.Technology in Your Life

44 Technology in Your Life1Use Microsoft Help, pg. 69–81Project AssessmentExplain Name the three ways to find help in Microsoft Windows (not Microsoft Office). Explain how each method works and why you might use it.Content search:Lets you choose from a list of categories and topicsLets you browse through a list of categories to find topics that help you learn basic computer tasksIndex search:Lets you choose from an alphabetical list of keywordsHelps you see how topics are related and narrows your searchTechnology in Your Life

45 Technology in Your Life1Use Microsoft Help, pg. 69–81Project AssessmentKeyword search:Lets you enter keywords to see related topicsMay be useful whether you are looking for something specific or just have a general ideaTechnology in Your Life

46 Computer Hardware and SoftwareUnitComputer Hardware and SoftwareUnit AssessmentDraw Conclusions Why is it important to understand the hardware components of your computer?Possible answers include:To care for your computer properlyTo avoid problems with your computerTo know what equipment you need for different tasksTo make the most of what your computer has to offerTo know the fun things you can do!Assessment Check your knowledge of Microsoft Windows.Go to the Online Learning Center at concepts.glencoe.com. Choose Unit 2 > e-Review Quizzes and take the Unit 2 Tech Assess Quiz.Technology in Your Life

47 Computer Hardware and SoftwareUnitComputer Hardware and SoftwareUnit AssessmentIdentify Name three places where you can save a file after you are done working with it.Possible answers include:hard drivenetworkdesktopfloppy diskcompact disc (CD)Technology in Your Life

48 Computer Hardware and SoftwareUnitComputer Hardware and SoftwareUnit AssessmentExplain What is the purpose of application software? Name two types of software you might use during a normal day.The purpose of application software is to let you do tasks on your computer. During a normal day, you might use the following types of software:Web browserinstant messagingword processingpresentationspreadsheetdatabaseTechnology in Your Life

49 Computer Hardware and SoftwareUnitComputer Hardware and SoftwareUnit AssessmentAnalyze Computers come with a wide variety of different hardware and software options. Why do you think there are so many choices? Support your answer with examples.Computers come with different hardware and software options because they are used by many different people for many different purposes. Possible users include:Individuals like you!Small to medium-sized organizations, such as schools or officesLarge corporations and government agenciesTechnology in Your Life