Research Paper: Knowledge; Plato and Aristotle

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For Plato, knowledge is a form of recollection of the forms embedded in our collective or universal memory (“Plato – The Idealist”). His student, Aristotle followed his description of knowledge by restricting it in the strict sense to unchanging and necessary truths (“Homonymy and the Science of Being as Being”).

Aristotle had gone a step further by describing scientific knowledge – for which he is spoken of as the Father of Modern Science. This is because Aristotle refused to acknowledge supersensible cognition as the ultimate source of knowledge. The student of Plato did indeed rely on sense-perception and thereby elevated the physical world to the status of reality. At the same time did he admit that knowledge must be in terms of concepts, of universals. According to him, humans abstract universals from the phenomena of the senses. “Thus principles or universals are in things, whether they be regarded as essences or as concepts.” Aristotle had indeed substituted Plato’s eye of wisdom with his own eye of the senses (“Ancient Landmarks – Plato and Aristotle”).

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