‘When people define situations as real they become real in their consequences’

Term

primary groups vs. secondary groups

Definition

A primary group is a typically small social group whose members share close, personal, enduring relationships. People in a secondary group interact on a less personal level than in a primary group, and their relationships are temporary rather than long lasting.

Term

expressive ties vs instrumental ties

Definition

expressive ties involve a commitment to the other person, arising perhaps out of kinship or feelings of love, whereas instrumental ties involve co-operation merely in order to achieve some limited and immediate goal (such as the relationship between doctor and patient)

Term

what are the functions of ingroups and outgroups?

Definition

an ingroup is a group where people identify with the group and feel closely attached to it. an outgroup is the opposite, feelings of seperation opposition or even hatred.

Term

leadership styles

Definition

Authoritarian (dictates all rules and outcomes) Democratic (listens to input from the group) Laissez-Faire(leaves all the decisions up to the group itself).

Term

Bureacracy

Definition

1.specification of jobs with detailed rights, obligations, responsibilities, scope of authority2.system of supervision and subordination3.unity of command4.extensive use of written documents5.training in job requirements and skills6.application of consistent and complete rules (company manual)7.assign work and hire personnel based on competence and experience

problems-overspecialization, making decision making slow or even impossible when facing some unusual case,not allowing people to use common sense, as everything must be as is written by the law.

Term

What are the social properties of deviance and what is the nature of it?

Definition

Deviant acts can be acts of individuality and identity, and thus as rebellions against group norms (wanting to be different)

Term

What are the five responses to anomie

Definition

Conflict,Innovation, Ritualism, Retreatism, Rebellion

Term

functions and dysfunctions of deviance

Definition

the functions of deviance are that they outline our cultural values and norms, and the dysfunctions lie within the deviant act itself be whatever the outcome. ex: Someone robs a bank. People lose money. (Dysfunction) Later on the news the robber is portrayed negatively, enforcing that what they did was bad (Function)

Term

What are the five key ideas and evaluations of the five theories of deviance?

Definition

Anomie: when peoplefind it difficult to guide their behavior due to weak social ties. Cultural Transmission: All behavior is learned; therefore deviant behavior is also learned. Conflict:Conflict theory is based upon the view that the fundamental causes of crime are the social and economic forces operating within society. Labeling: the theory explains deviance as a social process whereby some people are able to define others as deviant. Control:"why do most of us not commit deviance?" In other words, why do most of us, most of the time, act "correctly?"

Term

what are the four determinants of class position?

Definition

1. Relationships of production, ownership and consumption.2. a common legal status, including ceremonial, occupational and reproductive rights3.Family, kinship or tribal group structures or membership.4.Acculturation, including education