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A lot has been written and spoken over the past few decades about cancer gene. You would hear a lot of arcane jargon about mutation and gene behavior. Cancer has several types and it represents itself in different forms in different bodies and different body parts. For example, breast cancer is a common occurrence in women while neck cancer is more common in men. In women, presence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes may increase the chances of breast and ovarian cancer. Although, it is equally true that not every woman who has these genes has cancer yet there is no denying the fact that the presence of these genes increases the possibility of cancer.

The question is how these genes get into the body of some women and not the others. Among the main reasons, the primary one is hereditary transfer. If somebody in your family had such an issue, then there is possibility that you too may have it. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are present in the breasts of a woman. The genes are basically benign ones engaged in the task of repairing broken DNA cells and destroying those which are beyond repair. However, there are times when the savior itself becomes a victim and then it victimizes the body. When BRCA1 and BRCA2 somehow get damaged, generally due to gene mutation, they fail in their primary task of repairing DNAs and ultimately lead to improper repairing of DNAs. This is where the risk of cancer arises. So, BRCA1 and BRCA2 themselves are good for the body, but when some mutation goes wrong, they turn into a menace. It has also been found in research that women with BRCA1 have lower fertility rate as they age in comparison to those women who do not have this gene.

What affected women should do?

Women having these genes need not declare emergency in their lives. They need to take it easy and ensure that they do not do those things which feed these genes in developing into a cancer cell. The commonly known activities that nourish genes are smoking, passive lifestyle and alcoholism. These should be definitely avoided. However, these are just primary steps. Consulting a doctor would be your best shot. Take proper counseling about the matter and follow the guidelines given by the doctor. You should go for regular screening once you know that you have these genes present in your body. Cancer in any form is not good for the body. If it does happen to you then the best thing is getting it detected in its nascent stage. Early detection can increase the chances of cure.

Cancer is a dangerous problem. It is so because it spreads fast and without any pattern. This prevents the doctors from devising methods to control it. Every time a method is developed, cancer surpasses it and finds another way of spreading. Prevention is always better than cure. Maintaining an active lifestyle and positive thinking may help you overcome many problems of your life, including as serious a problem as cancer is. There are millions of cases where women have defeated cancer and are now leading a happy life. For those who have overcome this disease, it is necessary to ensure that cancer cells do not emerge again. To check this, the person should go for regular screening and keep in touch with their doctor.

A comprehensive cosmetic surgery, carried out by qualified surgeons, enables them to change virtually any aspect your physical appearance, right from your facial features to your body shape. While some are done to medical reasons, for instance, reconstructing facial features following an accident, many other procedures are voluntary. The following are the top 5 cosmetic surgeries done in the US.

1. Breast Augmentation

Breast augmentation surgery, also known as breast enlargement is a cosmetic term for breast implant. It is a type of plastic surgery carried out to restore or increase breast size using different types of implants. There are two main types of implants in America; saline and silicone. Implants are normally named according to the material that fills them. Saline implants, therefore, are filled with sterile saltwater (saline), while silicone implants utilize liquid silicone gel-with the consistency of molasses.

Pros

Confidence levels

Having breast augmentation is vital to self-image and confidence levels. If your breasts are too small or lose shape as you age, a breast operation gives you the best way of achieving that. With current advances in technology, doctors are able to give you the image and shape that you need.

Health Reasons

Some women have very large breasts and hence experience excruciating back pain. Breast reduction can effectively reverse such a situation.

Cons

Cost

Breast augmentation is very expensive. People spend a lot of money to have the procedure done, and hence you need to consider this aspect before going for the necessary lest you end up spending all your savings.

Physical risks

Breast augmentation carries many risks to your physical appearance. For instance, saline implants tend to look perfectly round besides feeling stiff and hence unnatural. This is especially so for thin women who have modest breast tissue.

2. Rhinoplasty

Rhinoplasty is a surgical procedure carried out to reshape the nose. It can make the nose smaller or larger; alter the angle of inclination of the nose relative to your upper lip; change the tip of your nose; or correct indentations or bumps

Pros

· Fewer sinuses infections occasioned by the shape of your nose.

· Improves your breathing-people with deviated septum tend to improve their breathing after having their nose done. It also corrects breathing related sleep problems, for instance sleep apnea.

Cons

· Special post-op care-immediately after surgery, you will have to extra care and special precautions tom prevent infections on your nose.

· Regrets-down the line, you might regret having had the surgery done. You might as well miss your original nose.

3. Eyelid surgery

This eyelid cosmetic surgery involves the removal of fat, along with excess muscle and skin, from the lower and upper eyelids. It corrects drooping upper lids- a feature that makes people look old and tired.

A surgical operation carried out to remove undesirable wrinkles by firming the skin of your face. They are basically intended to make you look your best.

Pros

· Improved self-esteem-some persons have insecurities resulting from some unlikable facial aspects in their faces. Facelift serve to increase the self-esteem of such people by giving them the look they desire.

Cons

· Unsatisfactory results, which could result from unrealistic expectations of patients, or inadequate expertise on the part of the surgeon, may leave the person disappointed.

5. Liposuction

This type of surgery breaks up and sucks fat deposits from different parts of the human body. The most common parts are thighs, abdomen, buttocks, chin and neck. The fat is eradicated using a hollow tool that is inserted under the skin. A very powerful high-pressure vacuum is then applied to the hollow instrument.

When it comes to getting a nose job, the first thing you need to do is to decide whether or not you really want to get one done, as well as the reasons why. It is important to be 100% sure that you want to receive the surgery, as well as know what the real reasons for wanting it are.

After you have made the decision to get the surgery, the next step is to start looking around for a rhinoplasty surgeon who can perform the surgery. What you want to do is meet with a few doctors, ask them a few questions and then choose the one you are the most comfortable with. The chances are you will have another consultation with them, and then you will schedule the surgery. During the meeting, your doctor will want to get to know as much about you as possible, so be prepared answer many different types of questions.

On the day of the surgery, you will likely meet with the surgeon again, and then you will be given anesthesia. Depending on a few factors, your surgery may be rather quick or it can take awhile to complete. After the surgery has been completed, you will start the recovery process.

During recovery, you can expect to see your doctor at least once, and when you have recovered, you will see the surgeon again. The point of these meetings are too make sure that you are properly recovering. This is also done because you may have questions about your results or the recovery process.

If you want to receive surgery to improve the appearance of your nose, then keep the above information in mind. It is good to know what the surgery process is like and what to kind of expect for a full recovery.

This talk was given at a local TEDx event, produced independently of the TED Conferences. Daniel Kraft shows us where technology can take us in health and medicine. He pulls out countless gadgets of his jacket that will change the future of health-monitoring and improve our access to personal health care.