Paramuricea clavata is the key species in the Mediterranean hard bottoms communities, in which it contributes significantly to the biomass and structural complexity. The aim of this research was to determine, for the first time, the fecundity of P.clavata in the Adriatic Sea and its spatial variability. The sampling was conducted in May 2010 at four locations along the eastern Adriatic coast. In the studied populations fecundity of female colonies varied from 11.59 to 20.72 and the average gonadal volume per polyp from 176.95*106 to 318.73*106 µm3. The fecundity of male colonies varied from 18.43 to 37.89 and average gonadal volume per polyp from 46.44*106 to 78.93*106 µm3. Spatial variability was observed in male fecundity among populations and in male and female fecundity between regions. There was no spatial variability of average gonadal volume per polyp. In most populations the sex ratio was not significantly different from 1:1 but it was also recorded the ratio 2:1 in favor of male colonies. The occurrence of hermaphroditism was negligible. These reproductive characteristics are in accordance with characteristics of other Mediterranean populations of red gorgonian.