1. Until the accession of James VI of Scotland to the
throne of England as James I in 1603, the Scottish and English monarchs
were often at loggerheads. This was especially true after Edward
I (ruled 1272-1307) of England tried to incorporate Scotland into the English
crown. Discuss how Scottish monarchs in the Middle Ages dealt with
the English threat to their throne.

2. Edinburgh has been a royal burgh since the 12th century
and capital of the kingdom of Scotland since the 15th century. How
does Edinburgh Castle reflect these royal associations? What kings/queens
are associated with the castle in the medieval and early modern periods?
What symbols of Scottish nationalism and royal power are apparent in the
architecture and artifacts of the castle?