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Program streams are created by combining one or more Packetized Ewementary Streams (PES), which have a common time base, into a singwe stream. It is designed for reasonabwy rewiabwe media such as disks, in contrast to MPEG transport stream which is for data transmission in which woss of data is wikewy. Program streams have variabwe size records and minimaw use of start codes which wouwd make over de air reception difficuwt, but has wess overhead. Program stream coding wayer awwows onwy one program of one or more ewementary streams to be packaged into a singwe stream, in contrast to transport stream, which awwows muwtipwe programs.[7]

MPEG-2 Program stream can contain MPEG-1 Part 2 video, MPEG-2 Part 2 video, MPEG-1 Part 3 audio (MP3, MP2, MP1) or MPEG-2 Part 3 audio.[7] It can awso contain MPEG-4 Part 2 video, MPEG-2 Part 7 audio (AAC) or MPEG-4 Part 3 (AAC) audio,[7] but dey are rarewy used.[citation needed] The MPEG-2 Program stream has provisions for non-standard data (e.g. AC-3 audio or subtitwes) in de form of so-cawwed private streams.[11] Internationaw Organization for Standardization audorized SMPTE Registration Audority, LLC as de registration audority for MPEG-2 format identifiers. It pubwishes wist of compression formats which can be encapsuwated in MPEG-2 transport stream and program stream.[12]