Executive Summary

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has important applications such as remote ecological monitoring and target tracking. This has been enabled by the availability, particularly in recent years, of sensors that are smaller in size and smart. These sensors are equipped with wireless interfaces with which they can communicate with one another to form a network. Wireless sensor networks consist of sensor nodes with sensing and communication capabilities. As sensor nodes are generally battery-powered devices, the critical aspects to face concern how to reduce the energy consumption of nodes, so that the network lifetime can be improved to reasonable times.