Abstract

When growing on a mixture of ammonia and L-glutamate as nitrogen sources, Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolli MNF1000 utilizes ammonia exclusively, while cowpae Rhizobium MNF2030 utilizes both compounds at similar rates. L-Glutamate transport in both strain MNF1000 and MNF2030 is active, giving rise to a 60-fold concentration gradient across the membrane of cells of strain MNF2030. Both strains produce two kinetically distinguishable glutamate transport systems under all conditions of growth - a high affinity system with an apparent K(m) of 0.06-0.17 μM but of relatively low V(max), and a low affinity system with a K(m) of 1.2-6.7 μM, but of higher overall capacity. L-Glutamate transport activity in cells of MNF2030 was relatively insensitive to the presence of ammonia in the growth medium. By contrast, ammonia in the growth medium resulted in low activities of glutamate transport in cells of MNF1000 which were provided with a carbon source, offering one explanation for the failure of this strain to use glutamate in the presence of ammonia. However, in cells of MNF1000 growing on glutamate as sole source of carbon and nitrogen, the glutamate transport system is synthesized, even in the presence of accumulated or added ammonia. This suggests that the regulation of the glutamate permease also depends on availability of carbon source.