Abstract

Superconducting microresonators have been successfully utilized as detection elements for a wide variety of applications. With multiplexing factors exceeding 1000 detectors per transmission line, they are the most scalable low-temperature detector technology demonstrated to date. For high-throughput applications, fewer detectors can be coupled to a single wire but utilize a larger per-detector bandwidth. For all existing designs, fluctuations in fabrication tolerances result in a non-uniform shift in resonance frequency and sensitivity, which ultimately limits the efficiency of bandwidth utilization. Here, we present the design, implementation, and initial characterization of a superconducting microresonator readout integrating two tunable inductances per detector. We demonstrate that these tuning elements provide independent control of both the detector frequency and sensitivity, allowing us to maximize the transmission line bandwidth utilization. Finally, we discuss the integration of these detectors in a multilayer fabrication stack for high-speed readout of the D-Wave quantum processor, highlighting the use of control and routing circuitry composed of single-flux-quantum loops to minimize the number of control wires at the lowest temperature stage.

The authors would like to thank R. Neufeld and D. Walliman for providing photographs of samples, as well as C. Enderud, C. Baron, and M. Babcock for sample preparation and cryogenic support. A portion of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

Article outline:INTRODUCTIONREADOUT CONSTRAINTS OF THE D-WAVE TWO QUANTUM PROCESSORCHARACTERIZATION OF A PROTOTYPE DEVICEFASTR READOUT OF A QUBIT STATE AND NOISEPERSPECTIVE ON READOUT SCALINGCONCLUSION