Al - Quran

Al-Quran (KBBI spelling: Qur'an, Arabic: القرآن) is the holy book of Islam. Muslims believe that the Qur'an is the culmination of the revelation of God and the Seal, which is applied to humans, and part of the pillars of faith, delivered to the Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, through the intercession of the Angel Gabriel. And as the first revelation received by the Prophet SAW is as contained in the letter of Al-'Alaq verses 1-5

Regarding language, the Qur'an comes from Arabic meaning "reading" or "something that was read over and over again." The word Quran is the noun form (Masdar) from qara'a verb meaning to read. The concept of usage of this word can also be found in one letter of the Qur'an itself that is in paragraph 17 and 18 Surah Al-Qiyama which means:

"Verily, collect the Qur'an (in the chest) and (set) readings (on your tongue) it is for Us. (Therefore,) if we have read, ye shall follow) (amalkan reading. "

Kalam is a miracle of Allah revealed to Prophet Muhammad and was written in the manuscripts as well as narrated by mutawatir, read it, including worship. "

The Muhammad Ali ash-Shabuni defines the Qur'an as follows:

"Al-Quran is the word of God is unparalleled, was revealed to Prophet Muhammad the Seal of the Prophets and Apostles, with the intercession of the Angel Gabriel aces and was written in the later manuscripts, manuscripts submitted to us by mutawatir, as well as read and studied a religious service, beginning with the letter of Al-Fatiha and closed with a letter of An-Nas "

With the above definition as Muslims believe, God's word revealed to Prophet except Prophet Muhammad, called al-Quran not like the Torah revealed to Prophet Moses' people of the U.S. or the Gospel revealed to the people of Prophet Isa. Similarly, the word of God revealed to Prophet Muhammad who read it are not regarded as places of worship, such as the Hadith Qudsi, not including the Qur'an.

Purity of the Book of Al-Quran is secured directly by God, that is the One who creates and lowering the Koran itself. And in fact we can see, the only book that is easy to learn even memorized by thousands of Muslims.

The letter, paragraph and bowingThe Qur'an consists of 114 sections, known by the name of the Sura (letter). Each letter will be composed of several paragraphs, in which the longest letter with verse 286 of surah Al Baqarah is the shortest and only has three verses of surah Al Kautsar namely, An-Nasr and Al-'Aşr. Long letters are divided again over another subdivision called bowing to discuss a particular theme or topic.

Meccan sura and MadaniyahWhile according to place of revelation, each letter can be divided into Meccan sura letters (letters of Mecca) and Madaniyah (Medina letter). This classification is based on place and time reduction of certain letters and verse where the letters that came down before the Prophet migrated to Medina while the later Meccan sura classified letter pertained Madaniyah letter. The division, based phase before and after the move is more appropriate, because there's a letter Madaniyah down in Mecca.

Juz and ManzilIn another distribution scheme, the Qur'an is also divided into 30 sections with equal length known as chapters. This classification is to facilitate those who want to finish reading the Qur'an in 30 days (one month). Another division of the Al-Quran Manzil split into seven sections with the aim of completion of the reading in seven days (one week). Both types of division is not connected with the division of the subject specific.According to a letter size

Then in terms of long-short, the letters are there in the Qur'an is divided into four sections, namely: