No and no. Calibre can only pick up metadata from inside the file or from the filename, not from external files (pdfinfo) or the folder names. The usual solutions for your case are to either send the metadata inside the pdf file or change the filename with a file rename utility to include your metadata/foldernames.

The PDFInfo is inside the PDF file. It's called PDFInfo in LaTeX... you can see that data when you look at the properties of the PDF file.