Notes 06 Cellular Respiration - Cellular Respiration...

Cellular Respiration Introduction –all forms of life depend directly or indirectly on light energy captured during photosynthesis –glucose molecules are broken down back into carbon dioxide and water (molecules the plant started with)

This
preview
has intentionally blurred sections.
Sign up to view the full version.

Glycolysis •first stage of aerobic respiration •does not require O2(anaerobic) and proceeds in exactly the same way under both aerobic (with oxygen) and anaerobic (without oxygen) conditions •Splits apart a single glucose molecule (6 carbon) into two molecules of pyruvate(3 carbon) •under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate converted by fermentation to lactic acid or ethanol •occurs in cytoplasm •pyruvate may enter mitochondria if oxygen available –breaks pyruvate down completely to CO2and water generating an additional 34 to 36 ATP –aerobic respiration •each step (reaction) is catalyzed by an enzyme

This
preview
has intentionally blurred sections.
Sign up to view the full version.

•products are 2 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of NADH –nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide –an electron carrier that transports energy in form of energetic electrons - Coenzyme –electrons are held in high-energy outer electron shells –NAD+NADH –donates the electrons and their energy to other molecules –hydrogen ions are often picked up simultaneously

•formed through oxidation/reduction reactions –involves two complementary reactions –oxidation –liberates energy from the oxidation substance; results from the removal of one more electrons, alone or with H+ –reduction –stores energy in a reduced compound; reduction results from addition of one or more electrons, alone or with H+

This
preview
has intentionally blurred sections.
Sign up to view the full version.