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radiation data Articles

“More Stations. More Data. Better Forecasts.” – that’s the slogan of New York State Mesonet. The weather observation network consists of a total of 125 weather stations all over the state of New York and Lufft was selected as one of the vendors to support them in capturing the data. All 125 of the weathers stations have the standard instrumentation suite. Of those 125, 17 ...

Introduction The energy level of some types of radiation is high enough so that when they interact with matter they cause the formation of electrically charged particles or ion-pairs and break molecular bonds. These so-called ionising radiations are by their nature potentially harmful to life; at high doses they can be lethal and at lower doses can cause genetic damage. Ionising radiation occurs ...

The problem of the application of radiobiological data for radiation epidemiology and radiation protection is considered. The causality of epidemiological consequences quite often cannot be established without radiobiological basis (Bradford-Hill epidemiological criteria). A number of epidemiological uncertainties can be removed with the radiobiology (uncertainties in a dosimetry, effects of the ...

Controversy exists as to whether the A-bomb or low-level radiation data should be used as the basis for radiation regulations. This paper provides a characteristics analysis for use of either A-bomb data or the normal low-level radiation data as a basis for radiation regulations. This analysis revealed that both types of data are of equal merit and should be used during preparation of radiation ...

A brief comparison of temperature readings in two passively-ventilated and three fan-aspirated radiation shields under conditions of low wind and relatively high insolation is presented. From each of two periods of study, two days were chosen for conditions of high insolation and low wind to illustrate a reasonable sample of the performance of the shields. A single sample of each shield was used ...

The Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) Team Dose Reconstruction Project assists the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health by reconstructing the radiation doses received by workers at various Department of Energy and Atomic Weapons Employer facilities. This work involves personal interviews with claimants, retrieval and validation of individual monitoring data, ...

Pressures on the environment may occur through chemical, physical and biological agents. The subject of this study is physical agents, where physical fields are examined. Physical fields are part of the natural environment. Depending upon their properties and the surrounding conditions, physical fields are transmitted through the spaces in which we live, potentially affecting human health and ...

Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques are becoming useful as alternate approaches to conventional techniques. They have been used to solve complicated practical problems in various areas and are able to deal with non–linear problems. AI techniques have been applied for modelling, identification, optimisation, prediction, forecasting, and control of complex systems. Artificial neural networks ...

An essential prerequisite for the proper management of a radiation emergency is that measurement data and calculation prognoses are available and that they are produced in an efficient manner. This paper reviews some of the factors contributing to the practice of performing radiation measurements and atmospheric-dispersion-model calculations effectively and discusses the issues related to the ...

There has been a recent upsurge of interest in the contribution of indirect and delayed effects of low dose exposures to the ultimate response to ionising radiation. This is partly due to the availability of tools such as the microbeam and advanced cell culture but the ability to study endpoints such as gene or protein expression at low doses which were previously difficult to study is also ...

A concept of the complete dose-response curve of ionising radiation will allow us to live in harmony with this ubiquitous agent. Convincing data show ionising radiation is essential for life. Ambient levels of ionising radiation (about 2 mSv/y without medical and cosmic radiation) are adequate for life but insufficient for abundant health. We live with a partial deficiency of ionising radiation. ...

The data on deaths from all causes and cancers among workers in the nuclear industry are considered in the light of the data published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 2007 (Vrijheid et al., 2007; Thierry-Chef et al., 2007; Cardis et al., 2007). The dose-effect relationship is assumed to be linear with an arbitrary sign of the slope. A zero effect of the dose is also ...

Over the past decade, measurements of incoming shortwave radiation and of its proxy, daily bright sunshine hours, have become scarce in western Canada and elsewhere. As these data are critical for computing net radiation for snowmelt, evaporation, soil thaw and other components of the hydrological cycle, other means to estimate incoming shortwave radiation are needed. National Centers for ...

In order to estimate the monthly average global radiation, regression equations for eleven stations in Libya are fitted, using monthly average hours of sunshine duration as predictors. Since only eight years of monthly average global radiation are available for each station, a reliable model for estimating solar radiation for each single month could not be obtained. The monthly data were merged ...

The lifetime probability of an 'excess' cancer for an individual is assumed by the ICRP to be a linear function of dose, without threshold. This linear-no-threshold (LNT) model is not based on firm data, but on conservative estimates which provide simplifying guidelines for individual values for lifetime risk. Yet, such values are currently used as the basis for radiation protection. However, the ...

This paper presents an evaluation of an innovative data assimilation method that has been recently developed in NCSR Demokritos for estimating an unknown emission rate of radionuclides in the atmosphere, with real–scale experimental data. The efficient algorithm is based on the assimilation of gamma dose rate measured data in the Lagrangian atmospheric dispersion model DIPCOT and uses variational ...

Studies on epidemiology of chromosome aberration induced in human lymphocytes were conducted in 81 donors selected from five agricultural inhabitant populations. The abnormal frequencies of chromosome aberrations were detected in four of the five investigative groups that had not been controlled for any environmental toxic contamination before. The completed and complicated band of detected ...

Through various researches and investigations it has been established that high doses of ionising radiation are harmful to health. There is substantial controversy regarding the effects of low doses of ionising radiation despite the large amount of work carried out (both laboratory and epidemiological). According to the linear no-threshold hypothesis, any amount, however small, of radiation is ...

Currently, no reliable methods and no suitable marker profile exist that could predict radiosensitivity in patients. This paper describes the irradiation response of lymphocytes, fibroblasts and tumour biopsies cultured in vitro, clonogenic survival at 2 Gy (SF2), chromosomal aberrations, and CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte apoptosis. The results, and other accumulating evidence, strongly suggest that ...

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