Fractures of the humeral shaft are uncommon, representing less than 10 percent of all fractures in children [1]. One of the most important features of humeral fractures in children is their ability to remodel and heal with minimal to no deformity despite displacement and angulation. The majority of these fractures can be treated by immobilization alone.

Following a displaced midshaft humeral fracture, the radial nerve is at potential risk for injury. Although nerve injuries may rarely be associated with long-term sequelae, the majority are neurapraxias, such as temporary loss of nerve function (especially motor function) without anatomical nerve disruption.

MECHANISM OF INJURY

Neonates — The humerus is second only to the clavicle as the most commonly fractured bone associated with birth trauma. Neonatal humeral fractures result from rotation or hyperextension of the upper extremity during passage through the birth canal [3]. A complete, transverse midshaft fracture at the medial third of the humerus is the typical fracture type and site (figure 1) [4].

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