In 2011, Swartz was charged with breaking into a computer network at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and downloading 4.8 million documents from JSTOR, a subscription service for academic articles.

Swartz was an accomplished programmer and activist who argued that more online information should be free to the public.

Critics, including Swartz's family and members of Congress, have accused prosecutors of seeking excessive penalties in the case.

The charges carried a maximum penalty of 35 years in prison and a fine of up to $1 million. His trial was scheduled to begin in April.

In a statement, Swartz's family said his suicide was the "product of a criminal justice system rife with intimidation and prosecutorial overreach."

"Did that office, or any office with the Department, conduct a review?" Cornyn asked.

He questioned whether prosecutors gave any consideration to whether the charges and associated penalties "were proportional to Mr. Swartz's conduct and its impact upon victims."

He also asked whether the fact that the Justice Department had investigated Swartz over prior incidents led to more severe charges in this case and whether the prosecution was retaliation for Swartz filing public records requests with the agency.

Cornyn noted that Ortiz had pointed to "severe punishments authorized by Congress," and asked Holder to explain whether prosecutors have discretion to bring charges that they view as matching the gravity of the alleged wrongdoing.

Rep. Zoe Lofgren (D-Calif.) is working on legislation that would curtail the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, the law that Swartz was accused of violating.