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Optimize Amazon S3 Storage

Amazon S3 lets you analyze data access patterns, create inventory
lists, and configure lifecycle policies. You can set up rules to
automatically move data objects to cheaper S3 storage tiers as
objects are accessed less frequently or to automatically delete
objects after an expiration date. To manage storage data most
effectively, you can use tagging to categorize your S3 objects and
filter on these tags in your data lifecycle policies.

To determine when to transition data to another storage class, you
can use
Amazon
S3 analytics storage class analysis to analyze storage access
patterns. Analyze all the objects in a bucket or use an object tag
or common prefix to filter objects for analysis. If you observe
infrequent access patterns of a filtered data set over time, you can
use the information to choose a more appropriate storage class,
improve lifecycle policies, and make predictions around future usage
and growth.

Another management tool is
Amazon
S3 Inventory, which audits and reports on the replication and
encryption status of your S3 objects on a weekly or monthly basis.
This feature provides CSV output files that list objects and their
corresponding metadata and lets you configure multiple inventory
lists for a single bucket, organized by different S3 metadata tags.
You can also query Amazon S3 inventory using standard SQL by using
Amazon Athena, Amazon Redshift Spectrum, and other tools, such as
Presto, Apache Hive, and Apace Spark.

Amazon S3 can also publish storage, request, and data transfer
metrics to
Amazon
CloudWatch. Storage metrics are reported daily, are available
at one-minute intervals for granular visibility, and can be
collected and reported for an entire bucket or a subset of objects
(selected via prefix or tags).

With all the information these storage management tools provide, you
can create policies to move less-frequently-accessed data S3 data to
cheaper storage tiers for considerable savings. For example, by
moving data from Amazon S3 Standard to Amazon S3 Standard-IA, you
can save up to 60% (on a per-gigabyte basis) of Amazon S3 pricing.
By moving data that is at the end of its lifecycle and accessed on
rare occasions to Amazon Glacier, you can save up to 80% of Amazon
S3 pricing.

The following table compares the monthly cost of storing 1 petabyte
of content on Amazon S3 Standard versus Amazon S3 Standard - IA (the
cost includes the content retrieval fee). It demonstrates that if
10% of the content is accessed per month, the savings would be 41%
with Amazon S3 Standard - IA. If 50% of the content is accessed, the
savings would be 24%—which is still significant. Even if 100% of the
content is accessed per month, you would still save 2% using Amazon
S3 Standard - IA.

Comparing 1 Petabyte of Object Storage (Based on US East Prices)

1 PB Monthly

Content Accessed Per Month

S3 Standard

S3 Standard - IA

Savings

1 PB Monthly

10%

$24,117

$14,116

41%

1 PB Monthly

50%

$24,117

$18,350

24%

1 PB Monthly

100%

$24,117

$23,593

2%

Note

There is no charge for transferring data between Amazon S3
storage options as long as they are within the same AWS Region.

To further optimize costs associated to storage and data retrieval,
AWS
announced the launch of Amazon S3 Select and Amazon Glacier
Select (now in preview). Traditionally, data in object storage had
to be accessed as whole entities, regardless of the size of the
object. Amazon S3 Select now lets you retrieve a subset of data from
an object using simple SQL expressions, which means that your
applications no longer have to use compute resources to scan and
filter the data from an object. Using Amazon S3 Select, you can
potentially improve query performance by up to 400% and reduce query
costs as much as 80%. AWS also supports efficient data retrieval
with Amazon Glacier so that you do not have to restore an archived
object to find the bytes needed for analytics. With both Amazon S3
Select and Amazon Glacier Select, you can lower your costs and
uncover more insights from your data, regardless of what storage
tier it’s in.

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