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Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are attracting tremendous attention for new-generation photovoltaic devices because of their excellent power conversion efficiency and simple fabrication process. One of the various approaches to increase the efficiency of PSCs is to change the material or structure of the carrier transport layer. Here, optically long and electrically short structural...

Scope
The gut microbiota has been linked to diet‐induced obesity, and microorganisms that influence obesity have important health implications. In this study, the anti‐obesity effects of two Lactobacillus plantarum strains (DSR M2 and DSR 920) isolated from kimchi are investigated.
Methods and results
Mice are fed a normal or high‐fat diet with or without DSR M2 and DSR 920 (DSR, 1 × 109 CFU d–1...

Diarrhea is a fatal disease to neonatal calves, and rotavirus is the main pathogen associated with neonatal calf diarrhea. Although previous studies have reported that the gut microbiota is changed in calves during diarrhea, less is known about whether rotavirus infection alters the structure of the gut microbiota. Here, we characterized fecal microbial communities and identified possible relationships...

A yellow pigmented bacterium designated strain MBLN094T within the family Flavobacteriaceae was isolated from a halophyte Salicornia europaea on the coast of the Yellow Sea. This strain was a Gram-stain negative, aerobic, non-spore forming, rod-shaped bacterium. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain MBLN094T was found to be related to the genus Zunongwangia, exhibiting 16S...

It is increasingly evident that bidirectional interactions exist among the gastrointestinal tract, the enteric nervous system, and the central nervous system. Recent preclinical and clinical trials have shown that gut microbiota plays an important role in these gut-brain interactions. Furthermore, alterations in gut microbiota composition may be associated with pathogenesis of various neurological...

A Gram-stain-positive, halophilic, rod-shaped, non-motile, spore forming bacterium, strain NKC1-2T, was isolated from kimchi, a Korean fermented food. Comparative analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence demonstrated that the isolated strain was a species of the genus Virgibacillus. Strain NKC1-2T exhibited high level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the type strains of Virgibacillus xinjiangensis...

Colorless polyimide (CPI) is a promising material for flexible substrates because of its excellent mechanical hardness, chemical durability, thermal stability, and high optical transmittance. In particular, its superior durability under heating and mechanical forces compared with other polymeric materials makes polyimide compatible for industrial applications. Thus, it has been actively investigated...

Oxalic acid has potent nematicidal activity against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. In this study, fermentation parameters for oxalic acid production in submerged culture of Aspergillus niger F22 at 23, 25, and 30 °C were optimized in 5-L jar fermenters. The viscosity of the culture broth increased with increasing temperature. There was a negative correlation between oxalic acid production...

To improve the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting efficiency for hydrogen production, we report the fabrication of Au NP-decorated TiO2 nanotube (TNT) arrays by a simple and cost-effective method involving two-step anodization and Au thin film agglomeration. TNT arrays prepared by the two-step anodization showed better photocurrent stability and efficiency than those prepared by one-step anodization...

The PV modules are inevitably installed outdoors and receive direct sunlight. Therefore, protective glass or film is required to protect the surface of the PV module from the wind, rain, snow and dust, and other environments. However, the incident light is reflected from the surfaces of these protective layers, resulting in a considerable efficiency loss. In this study, we developed a moth-eye structure...

We developed the direct patterning process of the ZrO2 high-aspect-ratio (HAR) pattern for light-extraction efficiency of GaN-based blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs). ZrO2 HAR pattern, which has relatively high refractive index and acts as scattering layer, was formed on GaN-based blue LEDs using ultraviolet-nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL) with mixture of ZrO2 nanoparticle and monomer. The photons...

Background Members of the genus Hafnia have been isolated from the feces of mammals, birds, reptiles, and fish, as well as from soil, water, sewage, and foods. Hafnia alvei is an opportunistic pathogen that has been implicated in intestinal and extraintestinal infections in humans. However, its pathogenicity is still unclear. In this study, we isolated H. alvei from human feces and performed sequencing...

Hybrid solar cells have gained much attention because of their simple mechanism and low cost as compared to the conventional p-n Si solar cells. We fabricated hybrid solar cells using micro(nano) patterned n-Si substrates. The patterns were formed using nanoimprint lithography and a simple metal-assisted chemical etching method. Owing to the increased light absorption and superior carrier collection...

We report a facile and cost-effective route for fabricating highly efficient triboelectric energy harvesters via formation of artificially well-tailored interlocked interface with a nanostructured Ni electrode and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The interlocked interface formed between the nano-pillar Ni electrode and nano-pillar PDMS composite thin film effectively enhanced the triboelectricity of a...

Two-dimensional design based on ultrathin TiO2 film for enhanced visible light absorption and photo-catalytic applications is reported, which mainly consists of three layers of gold film, TiO2 film, and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). The Au and TiO2 films are produced by e-beam evaporation and atomic layer deposition, respectively, in a carefully controlled way to minimize surface roughness. As compared...

High pressure (HP) is recognized as the alternative process technology of heat treatment in food production. Although milk was the first food product to be treated with HP, the allergenicity of HP-treated milk remains to be elucidated. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of HP treatment on the alleviation of atopic dermatitis (AD) caused by milk in a mouse model. To investigate...

After forming the nanoscale pillar patterns on the thermal shrinkage films (TSFs) with nano imprint lithography (NIL), the TSFs were shrunk. Thus, the nano- and microscale complex structures which have superhydrophobic and oleophobic surfaces with nano- and micro-patterns were created. The nano- and microscale complex-patterned (NMCP) TSFs were then coated with a self-assembled monolayer to reduce...

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