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Types of sediment Detrital – mineral & rock fragments Chemical – halite (NaCl) crystals that precipitate from water Biochemical – shells made of calcite (CaCO 3 ) by organisms that extract the ions from water

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Detrital sedimentary rocks- classified by grain size differences Conglomerate Breccia Sandstone Shale All these rocks have clastic textures – the rocks are composed of particles (fragments) that are cemented together

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Detrital sediments are sorted by the processes of transportation and deposition Well sortedPoorly sorted

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Sands and sandstones can be used to interpret the erosional history of an area and the kinds of rocks that were eroded Well- sorted Poorly sorted “Mature” sediments have little feldspar. This means that the sediment was derived from weathered rocks or that the feldspar decomposed during transportation in water.

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The same diagram is used to interpret the provenance (source rocks) of sediments