Statistics: Measures of Central Tendency (mean - average score, median - middle of the score range, and mode - the most frequent score) vs. Measures of Variation (variance, standard deviation, and standard error of the mean)

Personality: Internal Locus of Control (belief that you control your own destiny, behaviors are under your own control) vs. External Locus of Control (belief that one’s fate is determined by chance or outside forces beyond their personal control)