En who became widow within the last year and women whom husbands were accompanying them were excluded from the study. Widowed, separated and divorced women were excluded from the estimation of the prevalence of past year violence. The nature of the study was briefly described for each participant. All women were informed that participation in the study was voluntary and the data collected would no

Ccuracy. In order to protect the confidentiality of the information, names were not included in the written questionnaires. The content validity of questionnaire was determined by a panel of five experts of different specializations. Experts' comments were taken into consideration in modification and revision. These experts generally agreed that the questionnaire was appropriately designed and dev

Of Technology, Brisbane, Australia Full list of author information is available at the end of the articleway of assessing the impact of pregnancy interventions on the wide range of pregnancy symptoms that women experience. Therefore, in this study we outline our approach to the development and testing of a valid and robust tool to assess pregnancy symptoms. A review of the available literature ide

Slapping was still regarded as the commonest type and choking or burning was considered the least common. The lifetime prevalence of moderate physical violence was greater than that of severe physical violence (21 vs. 17.9 ). In contrast, the past year prevalence of severe physical violence was higher than moderate physical violence (8.9 , vs. 6.2 ). Details of lifetime and past year physical IPV

E not available for all women. Furthermore the numbers of women in early menopause were few. These complications of data led us to the crude analysis used in the study. However, our analysis was good enough to show the variability between women, and suggest the need for larger follow-up studies to describe the natural course of menopausal symptoms. To estimate the duration of symptoms among unsele

En who became widow within the last year and women whom husbands were accompanying them were excluded from the study. Widowed, separated and divorced women were excluded from the estimation of the prevalence of past year violence. The nature of the study was briefly described for each participant. All women were informed that participation in the study was voluntary and the data collected would no