The history of Egypt is long, from the first settlements in the Nile Valley around 7000 years ago to the present day. Egypt was for a long period of time ruled by autocratic kings – the pharaohs. At other times, it was part

of larger empires such as the Persian, Roman and Ottoman.

The pharaonic culture was characterised by high conservatism.

Things were – and should be – as they always had been.

Old traditions and ways of thinking lived on, long after the last pharaohs.

They were present in the customs and traditions of the Middle Ages and are present in Egypt today.