such a wide geographic extent made them the most serious, widespread movements of protest since the peasents revolt of 1381

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How many people died as a result of the unrest?

10,000

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Did they directly threaten the crown?

no intention to threaten the established order as they did not march on London, suggest an alternative candidate as king or call for equality of all classes

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What was one of the significant grievances and what was it highlighted by?

Enclosure highlighted by the rebels attacked on fences and hedges as they were blamed for making times hard

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What other agricultural issues also caused discontent?

abuses of the fold-course system and an unfair distrobution of common land and rights of common land were also inculded

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Why was inflation also a cause?

this was a period of rapid inflation in the spring and summer of 1549 which worsened the economic situation for ordinary people

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What economic problem did the rebels complain about?

about increases in rents

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What was this caused by?

unscrupulous landlords passing on the increased cost to their peasant tennats

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What did the protests about bad local governments in east Anglia include?

abuses of feudal privileges by the Escheator of Norfolk, who was the official responsible for the local collection of feudal revenues

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What else did the peasants protest about?

the nobility and gentry as bad officers of local government

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how did the peasants suggest sweeping action could be achieved?

by local government being put in the hands of people

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What was one of the rebels main concerns?

to prove the quality of good governance of the country

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How did they prove they could run an effective government?

set up and ran a camp on mousehold heath rather effectively , setting up their own court and sending out searches for food with commissions in the kings name

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What was somersets policy that contributed to causing the rebellion?

in June 1548 the council set up a commsion led by John Hales to examine how and if landowners had caused hardship by their own greed (by forcing tenants off arable land to farm sheep, cutting production of staple foodstuffs)

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How did this policy contribute to causing the rebellion?

it raised the expectations of tenants and labourers that something would be done

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What did Somerset also pass?

an Act protecting the rights of copyhold tenants on his own estates and created a special tax on sheep with a higher rate for flocks on enclosed land

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What did the proclimation that somerset issued enforce?

leglsialtion againsit enclousre and ordered a second commison with increased power to over awe landlords.

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What did this apprent concern to help ordianry people encourage?

rumors in east anglia that somerset and gov policy was on their side

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What belief did these rumors spread?

that somerste would condone direct action againsit enclourses and people who consequtly took the law into their own hands

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How did people feel about the howard family?

resentment as landlords

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What did other demands linked to lawyers inculde?

attcks on lawyers who had sized or speculated in land

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How many articles of grivances on religion were there and how did the rebels feel about the reglious reform?

4 and supported changes but wanted them to go further

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What were the 3 main reglious grivances?

1. wished for clerical teaching of the poor and tithe reform. 2. poor quality of presit not fulfilling their duties 3. that the clergy should be prsits for the whole community not just the chaplins for the gentry

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Why was east anglia an important area?

most dnesely populated and highly industralised part of the country home to norwich which housed 16,000 people

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Why was east anglia expericeing economic hardship?

it had become a major textile centre but had suffered with a collapse in the industry which meant large numbers of cloth workers were out of work- small farmer badly affected by enclosure of wooded common land

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when was the trigger of the rebellion?

occured in Wymondham between 6-8th july when the community gathered to enjoy a play and a druken feast.

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How did this trigger the trigger of the rebelion?

high spitrs turned to anger and the crowds broke down some enclousres and fences belonging to a llawyer called john Flowerdew (unpopular due to demolition of abbey)

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What did Flowerdew do?

encouraged crowds to attack the hedges of a local tanner, turned landowner Robert Kett

Norwich and the 16,000 rebels emcamped on mousehold heath overlooking the city

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How great was the 16,000 force?

equivalent of a third of all men of miltary age in Norfolk

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What did Kett do whilst at the camp?

produce a list of demands and waited as the local gentry and leadership of Norwich made little effort to dispirse the crowds preffering to ignore/negoiate them

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What happened on the 21st July?

the york herald arrived to offer a pardon if the rebels went home. It also made promises to prohibit landlords from acting as famrers or clotheirs, to reduce the price of wool and to appoint commsioners to reform abuses

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What did Kett do with these proposals?

rejected them (moment for neogaition had gone)

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When did Norwich fall into rebel hands?

23rd July

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When did William Parr arrive and what did he do?

30th July wiith an army of 18,00 and orders to negoaite and cut off rebel supply lines

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Was he successful?

he occupied Norwich and again offered a pardon

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How did Ket and the rebels respond to this?

only 20 rebels responded and Kett attacked once again recaputring Norwich

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What did Northampton have to do anad what did this mean for the gov?

return to london in disgrace and it caused crisis for gov by his terrible handling of the situation

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What did the Earl of Warwick do on the 24th August?

entered Norwich with a force of 12,000 men

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What happened as a result of this?

his offer of a pardon was refused once more but over the next 3 days his army ground the rebels resistance down

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Why was the rebellion destroyed?

Warwick slaughted 3,000 rebels at the battle of Dussindale

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What happened to Kett?

he was captured and condemmed to death for treason along with 48 of his accomplices (executed 7th december)

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Why do some historians think that the way Somerset handle it was directly responsible for the coup that removed him?

somersets support of anti-encloures measure earned him the reputation of being a friend of the commoners and that he failed to crush the rebeelion quickly

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How did the rebellion help northumberland?

successful militray supression improved his politcal credibility and status- used this to bid as ruler in jan 1550

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Why did the rebellion help to produce a turning point in englands foregein policy?

the military demands of suppressing the rebellion- somerset was forced to scale down his policy of garrisoning the boarder with scotland

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What are the 4 reasons why the Kett rebellion was not threating to the government?

1. no attempt of cooperation between isolated uprsings 2. not directed at gov or monarch and there was no attempt to march on london 3. gov was always in control of it forces 4. no aristocratic or gentry leadership

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Why did having no attempt to coordinate the uprisings put the rebellion at a disadvantage?

25 countie were affected by uprisings in1549 if they had joined together it could have been serious

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What were the 2 reasons the rebellion was a threat?

1. local gentry failed to deal with uprisings & central gov had to help using up large militray forces 2. gov was not always aware of how serious the situaton was (allowed time to develop)

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What were the other two reasons that the rebellion was a threat?

rasing troops difficult & expensive and somerset had to bring troops back from scotland which ended his policy of garrisoing the northen boarder

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How many lives were lost in the rebellions of 1549?

10,000

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How did Ketts rebels see themsevles?

as appealing to the natonal gov againsit a local gov that had failed to do its duty and implement laws

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in what ways was the rebellion realistic?

they did not have a radical adgenda, they were disiplined and clear sighted appealing to tradtion and custom