Franceschini was born in "Ferrara in 1958. His father George was a Catholic partisan and MP for the Christian Democrats in the Second Legislature, from 1953 to 1958. He graduated in law at the "University of Ferrara.[1] with a thesis on the history of doctrines and political institutions, published as a book The Popular Party in Ferrara. Catholics, Socialists and fascists in the land of Grosoli and Don Minzoni and on the same subject he participated in conferences and publications. In 1985 he graduated from the University of Ferrara and started practicing "civil law[1] in civil court of cassation, he was admitted to the auditors and has been an effective member of the supervisory board of Eni in its first three years of privatization. From 1985 to 1989 he edited for Formez the bimonthly review of regional legislative documentation.

He was president of the Palio di Ferrara. He is an honorary citizen of the City of Borgo Velino.

On March 8, 2014, during a visit to Palmanova, he was hospitalized due to a heart attack while he was in the barracks Ederle. The official bulletin of the hospital will report later that the minister was suffering from an acute coronary syndrome treated positively and promptly. He was then transferred to the hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia of Udine. He was released March 16, 2014.

His political activity began at the student level, from Antonio Roiti High School in Ferrara in the fall of 1974 when he founded the Democratic Student Association, of Catholic and centrist inspiration. The ASD is present in almost all high schools in the city in the early elections scheduled by "decrees". From 1974 to 1977 he was elected to the various student organisations (class councils, disciplinary and institutional). Later, he was elected student representative to the board of directors of the "University of Ferrara. He founded the Cultural Cooperative Christmas Gorini, which is concerned with art cinema.

The charismatic figures that since his youth aroused his attention are, among others, "Benigno Zaccagnini and don "Primo Mazzolari. In particular, Don Mazzolari is repeatedly pointed out to during his campaign to be the secretary of the Democratic Party. He dedicated one of the most significant parts in the final speech of his campaign, delivered in Marzabotto 24 October 2009

He enrolled in the Christian Democrats after the election of Benigno Zaccagnini and was elected provincial youth delegate. In 1980 he became councillor of Ferrara in 1983 and party whip of the council. The following year, he enters the national leadership of the DC youth movement, for which he founded and directed the magazine New Policy. In 1989 he directs in Rome the monthly “Seventy-six” gathering thirty years history of the left DC and is called to the vice-direction of the monthly Comparison (il Confronto) and in the preparation of the party's weekly La Discussione.

During the transformation of the Christian Democrats into the Italian Popular Party, he invites the party, at the Constituent Assembly in Rome in 1993, to choose, with determination, as a result of the new electoral system, an alliance between the center and the left. He does not accept the decision of the party to stand independently - as a coalition of center - in the general election of 1994, in the Pact for Italy. Therefore, decides to join the movement of the Social Christians, founding the movement in Ferrara and becoming National Director. In 1994 he creates in Ferrara one of the first juntas of the center-left in Italy, becoming Head of Culture and Tourism. In 1995, he is a candidate for Mayor of "Ferrara (supported by the Greens, Labour and Social Christians) winning about 20% of the votes.[1]

After the internal divisions in the PPI and the adhesion of the same Ulivo, he is part of the party and, from 1997 to 1999, he is National Deputy. Subsequently, the National Congress of 1999, in which he is a candidate for national secretary but is defeated by Pierluigi Castagnetti, becomes part of the national leadership and the office of secretary with responsibility for the policies of the Communication. During the second D'Alema government, he is appointed Undersecretary to the Prime Minister with responsibility for institutional reforms, and reconfirmed by the next government Amato.

On behalf of the Government, he follows, in particular, the issue of the electoral law, and until the final approval, the constitutional law of reform of the statutes of the special regions, the introduction of voting rights for Italians abroad and the changes to Title V of the Constitution.

Following the birth of the "Olive Tree coalition, Franceschini re-entered the Italian People's Party, and from 1997 to 1999 he was its Deputy Secretary and Coordinator.[1] He was appointed Undersecretary for Institutional Reforms in the D'Alema II Cabinet, and he maintained this position in the "Amato II Cabinet.[7] In the "2001 general election he was elected to the "Italian Chamber of Deputies in "Ferrara College 9, and he became a member of the Constitutional Affairs Commission of the Chamber.[8] One of the founders of the Margherita Party, in July 2001 he joined the Constituent Committee of that party, which becomes the coordinating organ of the national party. The tasks of the party are confirmed by subsequent congresses in 2002 and 2004. He was a member of the Executive of the European Democratic Party and member of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). He is a founding member of the interparliamentary intercommission for fair and sustainable trade.

With the birth of the Democratic Party 14 October 2007 and the ascent to the secretariat of Walter Veltroni, he became National Deputy Secretary of the new party. Following this appointment, he resigned from the presidency of the group L'Ulivo in the House of Deputies, replaced by Antonello Soro.[10]

He was Vice Chairman of the Council of Ministers in the shadow government of the Democratic Party from 9 May 2008 to 21 February 2009. He was elected deputy again in the general election of 2008. He represented until July 2012, the Italian Parliament to the Council of Europe and Western European Union Assembly.

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Franceschini in 2009.

On 21 February 2009, after the resignation of Walter Veltroni,[11] he was elected secretary of the Democratic Party in the National Assembly, with 1,047 votes out of 1,258. His only opponent "Arturo Parisi won just 92 votes.[2][3]

His first act after the election was to swear the oath on a copy of the Italian Constitution, in front of the castle of his native Ferrara, in the hands of his father Giorgio Franceschini, former partisan and former deputy.[12]

After of the primary elections of the Democratic Party of 25 October 2009, Franceschini was nominated secretary, along with Pier Luigi Bersani and Ignazio Marino. The slogan for his running for the position of secretary was "Free the Future". He organizes the election campaign focusing it on a series of speeches, "10 speeches to the Italians", which he delivers in cities or places related to the subject and significance for the history of the country. At Marzabotto, he delivers the "Address to the Free", in Genoa the "Address to the New Italian", in Cosenza the "Address to the Young People of the South." Each speech ends with the word "now", clearly inspired by the magazine Now, founded by Don Primo Mazzolari. The speeches are published in November 2009 in the book, published by Simon and Schuster: In ten words. Challenging the right over values Among the supporters of the candidacy of Franceschini there are Piero Fassino, Debora Serracchiani, Franco Marini, Marco Minniti, Giovanna Melandri, Tiziano Treu, Enrico Morando, Marina Sereni, Antonello Soro, Cesare Damiano, Pierluigi Castagnetti, Paolo Gentiloni, Sergio Cofferati, Rita Borsellino, Mario Adinolfi, David Sassoli. Former Secretary of the Democratic Party Walter Veltroni, while saying he would stay out of the party convention, had words of appreciation for the candidacy of Franceschini. He received support from many representatives from the world of culture and entertainment including Lorenzo Jovanotti, Nanni Moretti and Andrea Camilleri.

On October 25, 2009, in the primaries of the PD, Franceschini received over a million votes, representing 34% of the total, but was surpassed by Bersani, who then became the new secretary. That same evening, he acknowledged Bersani’s victory and said that beyond the results, he would strive to ensure the unity of the party. On November 17, he was elected President of the Parliamentary Group of the Democratic Party in the House of Representatives after Antonello Soro had resigned as deputy. After the defeat in the primaries, he rearranged all the forces that had supported his candidacy in a domestic component to the Democratic Party, Democratic Area, which is now seen as a benchmark.

In 2006 he published his first novel Nelle vene quell’acqua d’argento (That silver water in the veins), with which in 2007 won the Premier Roman in France Chambéry and, in Italy, the Opera Prima Prize of the City of Penne, Bacchelli Award. The novel was published by Gallimard in France in the series The Arpenteur titled Dans les veines le fleuve d'argent and later re-released in paperback series "Folio".

In 2007 he published the novel La follia improvisa di Ignazio Rando (The sudden madness of Ignazio Rando), from which was made into an eponymous theater company "Teatro Odd Days" in Varese. In 2011 he released Daccapo (Again), a novel that features the son of a notary, from the provinces, who had 53 children by as many secret prostitutes [29] [30]. Fiction finalist for the literary prize Città di Rieti. In 2013 he published his fourth novel Mestieri immateriali di Sebastiano Delgado(Crafts intangible of Sebastiano Salgado).