This is a separate answer only because I can't vote or comment on other's answers yet.

Speaking directly to the original question... yes - it is possible. I have a winter set of wheels with a rotor by a different maker and it is a center lock mount vs. a six-bolt mount of my regular wheels. No problem at all and it is one of the main things I like about disk brakes. With rim brakes I would have to adjust the brakes each time I did the switch-a-roo unless both sets of wheels had exactly the same width. Since the winter wheels have studded tires I make the switch on clear/dry days in the winter as well.