1937, came to U.S., set up West Coast units of the German
American Bund for Nazi espionage-sabotage against American shipping
and aircraft industries.

Capt. Fritz Wiedeman

WWI friend of Hitler.

when von Killinger was exposed he replaced him.

collaborated with the Japanese.

paymaster for Nazi underground in U.S. Paid out more than
$5 million (NY Times 2/20/41).

Baron Edgar von Spiegel

New Orleans Consul General.

a former U-boat commander, now a Nazi saboteur-diplomat.

tried to blackmail an American newspaper which caused a State
Dept. investigation.

Dr. Herbert Scholz

consul at Boston

rep. of Himmlers Gestapo in the U.S.

pressured German-Americans to assist the Bund and the Nazi
secret service.

set up an espionage-sabotage network along the Boston waterfront.

Col. Walther Nicolai (called the "Silent Colonel")

during WWI was chief of Section IIIB (Intelligence) of the
German High Command.

after WWI, was funded by Alfred Hugenberg (financial backer
of Nazi party) to reorganize Section IIIB and help destroy the
German Republic.

Guenther Gustav Rumrich

young German-American, worked for Section IIIB.

1938, placed on trial in NYC for sabotage and espionage.
But the real "big fish" got away.

- Dr. Schmidt, alias "Sanders"

- Capt. Lt. Eric Pfeiffer, in charge of espionage in N. &
S. America.

- Dr. I. Griebl, organized a ring of saboteurs in American
defense factories.

Frederick Joubert Duquesne.

had worked for Nicolai in WWI.

was in charge of sabotage of British shipping in South American
ports.

1918, arrested in the U.S., but escaped.

1941, began sabotaging U.S. electric power and gas plants.

June 1941, arrested by the FBI.

Paul Scheffer

worked under Col. Oberhaus, one of Nicolais lieutenants
in Section IIIB.

posed as a liberal journalist for Goebbels newspaper
Das Reich.

1930-36, went to the Soviet Union and helped sabotage Soviet
agriculture. His contact was Mikhail Alexandrovich Chernov.

- in the pay of German Intelligence.

- headed The Peoples Commission of Trade in the Ukraine.

- Later became head of The Peoples Commisariat of Agriculture
of U.S.S.R.

- 1938, Chernov and 20 others were tried in Moscow, Chernov
was sentenced to be shot.

1938, Scheffer went to U.S., by 1941 was living in U.S. and
picked up by the FBI when Germany declared war on the U.S.

During WWI, a team traveled around the U.S. infecting mules,
horses and cattle with diseases. Thousands of soldiers also died.

sent by Col. Nicolai.

financed by von Papen.

Anton Dilger, a German-American medical graduate from John
Hopkins University created germs in a lab he set up in Chevy
Chase, near Washington. He later revolted against his mission
and was murdered by German spies.

Chapter 2 - "Saboteurs At Work"

September 1941, FBI established:

Germany laid plans for sabotage of U.S. defense industries,
transport and shipping.

$$ from Dutch, Spanish & South American banks.

spies and saboteurs worked in American defense plants and
on U.S. steamship lines.

William G. Sebold was a German-American whom the Nazi secret
police trained in sabotage & espionage not knowing he was
an FBI informant. The Gestapo trained him at a school in Hamburg,
Germany:

- Lily Barbara Carola Stein, Long Island, link between German
Military Intelligence and its agents in U.S. Her $$ came through
Amsterdam and S. American Banks.

- Frederick Joubert Duquesne, NYC, expert saboteur, invented
bombs, built short-wave radio in Long Island to transmit to Germany.
$$ came from Dr. Ritter through Chase National Bank. Duquesne
had at least 30 spies in U.S. working for him.

Another group worked in NYC area under Kurt Frederick Ludwig.

reported to Heinrich Himmler, head of Gestapo in Germany.

worked with Lucy Boehmler, member of the Queens, New York
unit of The German American Bund.

Rene Charles Froehlich, soldier at Fort Jay, Governors Island.

Ludwigs real leader was Ulrich von der Osten, high officer
in German Military Intelligence, killed by a taxi cab in Times
Square, March 1941. He had a report on the defenses of Pearl
Harbor and Hickham Field.

June 28, 1941, the FBI rounded up the entire Duquesne ring,
and later Ludwigs group.

Devices for fire setting, explosions or cause wreckage of
machinery:

incendiary bomb disguised as chiclets.

"cigars" (developed by Dr. Scheele in 1915)

"fire-pencil"

"fire-envelope" discovered by FBI in 1941.

"Zepplinite" for forest fires. Delayed-action hydrogen
gas balloon.

Time bombs, traditional - British Pavilion at the NY Worlds
Fair 7/4/40.

"can of food"

"cabbage-bomb"

"piece of coal"

"cracker" disguised as a spark plug for planes,
and explodes when it reaches a certain temperature.

Special acids deteriorates cloth

parachutes

airplane fabrics

uniforms

Poisons during WWI in canned foods for the Allies.

Wrecking military equipment.

The German American Bund

organized to help the Nazis recruit spies and saboteurs in
key jobs in American industries.

The Bund Fuehrer Fritz Kuhn had been a chemist at the Ford
Motor Company in Detroit.

slowdowns and strikes on production lines.

infiltrated the Harrison, New Jersey gas works of the Public
Service Corporation, supplied much gas to New Jerseys defense
industries.

infiltrated the New York Liquidometer plant, warship and
aircraft parts for U.S. Army & Navy.

Nazi agents have long wanted to take over the American labor
movement so they could sabotage production.

bought up large amounts of ammo hoping to create a shortage,
but wasnt very effective.

returned to traditional time-bomb & fire-pencil sabotage.

But the tactic of economic sabotage would become the official
policy of the Third Reich. Bought up whole industries and achieved
colossal economic sabotage through manipulation of international
partnerships, cartels and patent pools.

American production of military optical instruments were
sabotaged because of the cartel formed between Bausch and Lomb
Optical Company of Rochester, NY and Carl Zeiss of Jena, Germany.

Remington Arms has been restricted to use their patented
Tetracene, used in guns & ammo, because of their cartel agreement
with the German trust, I.G. Farben.

Beryllium ("the magic metal") makes steel almost
unbreakable. The Beryllium Corporation of America had an agreement
with the German firm of Seimens and Halske which gave the Nazis
exclusive rights in Europe, and their American partner couldnt
ship any products to England.

ALCOAs (Aluminum Corp. of America) agreement with I.G.
Farben resulted in U.S. magnesium production in 1940 at 5,680
tons, while in Germany was 19,000 tons. Similar agreement restricted
aluminum production to 3/4 to 1/2 of Germanys production.

an agreement between General Electric and the German Krupp
trust gave Nazis veto power over American production of tungsten
carbide (for tool manufacture). 1940 Nazi Germany was producing
as much as 20x as America.

Jasco, Inc., a chemical company in Baton Rouge, LA organized
by Standard Oil of New Jersey and the German trust I.G. Farben
in 1930 was under German control. September 1939, the Germans
ordered Standard to dismantle the plant.

According to the Senate Truman Committee:

Because of German agreements with Standard Oil of New Jersey
development of synthetic rubber and oil production in U.S. was
delayed.

Standard helped the Nazis in 1939 design their plant facilities
in Germany for making synthetic aviation gasoline.

Standard withheld info from the U.S. while giving it to Germany.

Chemnyco, Inc. of NY

American rep. of I.G. Farben.

collected info on American war production for the German
Gov. and Nazi saboteurs in the U.S.

Bendix Aviation

a General Motors affiliate.

because of a patent pool with Robert Bosch Company of Stuttgart
they had to send military info to the Nazis as late as May, 1940.

April 22, 1942, Pres. Roosevelt ordered the seizure of all
patents controlled directly or indirectly by the enemy.

Chapter 4 - "Tokyo Terrorists"

Los Angeles and its war industries would be crippled if the
aqueduct system that supplies the water was sabotaged.

In Los Angeles, a member of the Black Dragon, a secret Japanese
terrorist society, was found with a short-wave radio, maps of
Hawaiis fortifications, plans of the LA water supply system.

The Japanese Intelligence Service

collaborated with the Germans shortly after Hitler came to
power.

Germanys Section IIIB aide Major Gen. Ott (later German
Ambassador to Tokyo) helped Japanese espionage & sabotage
activities in Asia and the Americas.

the chief base for joint Nazi-Japanese operations in the
Western Hemisphere was El Salvador.

by 1936 was virtually in control of the Japanese Gov. and
High Command.

the Japanese Military Servicemens League (by 1941 had
7,200 members) and The Imperial Comradeship League (by 1941 had
4,800 members) were controlled by The Black Dragon. Served as
schools of espionage & sabotage. Mostly on the West Coast
and Hawaii.

before Pearl Harbor, moved in droves and took up residents
and business near military establishments, oil storage tanks,
oil wells, harbors and ports in Calif. 3,000 Japanese lived on
Terminal Island at the entrance to Los Angeles.

after Dec. 7, when FBI raided Japanese communities they found
guns, ammo, spying & sabotaging equipment.

the Japanese Consulates in American cities communicated with
Japanese fishing fleets in the pacific.

The manager of the San Francisco branch of Mitsubishi tried
to get info from the trade journal Petroleum World in
1940.

February 20, 1942, they were set back when President Roosevelt
issued an executive order evacuating anyone alien or citizen
from military areas, and throughout the West Coast area a mass
evacuation of Japanese and Japanese-Americans. They were forced
to rely on mostly non-Japanese agents and the Nazi underground.

Both have built their cells in American industrial centers.
Have branches throughout Europe, Asia, N. & S. America. In
regular communication with German, Japanese & Italian agents.

The Ukrainian fifth column is the most important auxiliary
of the international Nazi espionage & sabotage machine, and
the only place it cant function is in the Ukraine because
in 1938 the Soviet authorities shot its chief ring-leaders.

Baltic German Dr. Paul Rohrbach helped establish an "Independent
Ukraine" under German rule (Ukrainians were then under the
Russian Czar). Kaiser Wilhelm liked the idea because of the Ukrainian
wheat and oil.

1918, the Kaiser established an "Independent Ukraine"
under German "protection."

Field Marshal Hermann von Eichhorn, commander of the German
forces in the Ukraine.

Dr. Rohrbach was Eichhorns advisor.

the government was set up by General Pavel Petrovitch
Skoropadski.

- a Russian cavalryman.

- didnt speak a word of Ukrainian.

- received title of "The Hetman" (Head Man) of
the Ukraine.

- his cabinet were Russian and Ukrainian murderers &
terrorists.

But the newly-formed Red Army & guerrilla bands crushed
them, so they returned to Berlin, where they became the protégés
of The German High Command and began plotting with the Nazi Party
to overthrow the Weimar Republic.

The "Hetman Organization" was placed under Dr.
Alfred Rosenberg.

chief Nazi advocate of Eastward expansion.

Ukrainian fifth column in the U.S., known as OUN (Organization
of Ukrainian Nationalists)

organized by Col. Nicolai of the Intelligence Service of
the High Command.

- 1939, his contact was to be a Nazi-Ukrainian agent in Rome
(no more contact with Berlin).

headquarters was a clearing house for espionage directives
from Berlin, Tokyo and Rome.

Chapter 6 - "How Many Were Sabotaged?"

February 9, 1942, the great liner Normandie (name changed
to S.S. Lafayette) burned and sank at the pier in the North River
(NYC).

officially ruled an accident, but was probably sabotaged
by the Germans.

8 ships headed for Russia with supplies either sank or were
forced back to port from shifting cargo, wasnt properly
secured. This has never been a problem before. Probably sabotage.

1941, industrial disasters caused American production a loss
of 1.5 billion man-hours.

Spring 1942, Forest Fires

North Carolina

New Jersey

Rhode Island (worst in their history)

Connecticut

In New Hampshire the German sabotage device the "Zepplinite"
was found but the candle had burned out.

Chapter 7 - "Counter-Sabotage"

Agencies for fighting sabotage in U.S.:

FBI (in supreme charge)

G2 (Military Intelligence)

Naval Intelligence

Sept. 6, 1939, Roosevelt put FBI in supreme charge. Later
that same month a General Intelligence Division was established
in Wash. under FBI direction.

Summer of 1942 in NY area 49 members of two large Nazi espionage-sabotage
rings were arrested.

one ring was headed by Frederick Joubert Duquesne, an agent
of Col. Nicolai.

the other headed by Kurt Frederick Ludwig, an agent of Heinrich
Himmler.

June 1942, another ring was smashed by the FBI when they raided
Anastase Vonsiatskys headquarters at Thompson, Connecticut.
Arrested:

Anastase Vonsiatsky

Gerhardt Wilhelm Kunze, former Fuehrer of the German American
Bund.

Dr. Otto Willumeit of Chicago, former leader of the Chicago
unit of the German American Bund.

Reverend Kurt E. Molzahn, pastor of a Philadelphia Lutheran
Church, go-between for the spy ring. (the only one who pleaded
not guilty)

Dr. Wolfgang Ebell, a physician of El Paso, TX, home used
as headquarters for German & Japanese agents.

June 1942, 8 saboteurs landed by German subs in Florida &
Long Island were arrested by the FBI.

Following Americas entry into the war, the FBI successfully
raided homes and hideouts in every part of the country. U.S.
defense plants organized anti-sabotage units and cooperated with
the FBI, Military & Naval Intelligence.

PART II

"Psychological Sabotage"

Undermining morale, warping public opinion. It is a secret
war directed against the mind and spirit of the people. Nazi
"strategist of terror" Dr. Ewald Banse: "The enemys
nations originally solid, powerful and well-knit fabric
must be gradually disintegrated, broken down, rotted, so that
it falls apart like a fungus treaded upon in a forest."

Their job is to soften up the people, and to make them easy
prey for the Gestapo hangmen.

In the U.S. the psychological saboteurs have had 5 major objectives:

1) race hatred to disrupt the American people.
2) undermine the confidence in the government & Roosevelt
Administration.
3) isolate & prevent U.S. from joining any anti-Axis alliance
4) keep the U.S. unprepared for the Second World War.
5) build an American fascist party as a fifth column ally to
the Axis attack.

Chapter 8 - "The Secret Offensive"

1940, Hitlers 5th column of psychological saboteurs
were at work in each country before the Nazis invaded: Holland,
Norway, Poland, France.

August 1940, George Sylvester Viereck, one of the leading
Nazi agents in the U.S., head & brains of the propaganda
machine.

met with Senator Ernest Lundeen of Minnesota.

met with Representative Hamilton Fish.

delivered large envelope to Sen. Rush D. Holt of W. Virginia.

Hitler, Dr. Colin Ross (Nazi ideologist of the "Germanization"
program), and Dr. Joseph Paul Goebbels wanted to "Germanize"
America. Goebbels: "Nothing will be easier than to produce
a bloody revolution in North America. No other country has so
many social and racial tensions. We shall be able to play on
many strings there."

After 1933, Nazi-controlled German-American organizations
on U.S. soil popped up all over. Supervised by Ernstt Wilhelm
Bohle from Berlin.

head of the Foreign Division of the Nazi Party in 1934.

appointed to the position of Gauleiter of the Disrict of
Germans Abroad.

According to a Swiss newspaper Bohle had 548 groups in 45
countries under him. 25,000 propaganda agents and 2,500 special
Gestapo men.

The Psychological Laboratory

agency of the Third Reich in Berlin assisting Bohle.

opened in 1929.

under he supervision of Col. Hans von Voss, commander of
the German Armys Division of Psychology.

when Hitler came to power the Laboratory acquired two new
special divisions, under Col. Nicolai and Col. Dr. Albrecht Blau.

research into "American national psychology."

The German American Bund (an "American citizens
group") spread propaganda that the Roosevelt administration
had fallen into the hands of Jews and communists. 1936, headed
by Fritz Kuhn.

- chemist at the Ford Motor Company.

- 1919, in Bavaria had been a member of the Epp Brigade which
murdered and terrorized democratic Germans.

The German American Bund didnt appeal to non-Germans,
so they looked for other groups. 1933-39 more than 750 of these
organizations sprang up. Set Gentile against Jew.

By 1937 their anti-Semetic propaganda was successful but they
still needed a leader that people could look up to, like Hitler
in Germany. One candidate was Father Charles E. Coughlin:

magazine Social Justice in 1939 had a circulation
of 1,000,000.

weekly radio show on over 47 stations, 4,000,000 listeners.

was pro-fascist.

his organization, the Christian Front, formed in 1938, 200,000
members by 1939.

The Christian Front, the German American Bund, the Christian
Mobilizers, Silver Shirts, and others roamed the streets of NYC,
Boston, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Akron & other cities attacking
men & women. Campaign of psychological sabotage.

January 13, 1940, FBI caught 17 members of the Christian Front
red-handed planning to kill about a dozen Congressmen, kill Jews,
seize Post Offices, the Customs House, and armories in NYC. Much
of their ammo had been stolen from the National Guard. They hailed
Coughlin as their leader.

Because the trial was rigged, they were all found not guilty,
but Coughlins organization never really grew into a mass
movement.

Hermann Schwarzmann, leader of the Astoria, Long Island unit
of the German American Bund, thought Charles Lindbergh would
make a great leader.

Col. Walther Nicolais Section IIIB had personality-analysis
of hundreds of leading statesmen throughout the world. (bribe,
blackmail)

one of Dr. Blaus ace "observers" was F. Schoenemann,
who (as a "foreign correspondent") accompanied Roosevelt
on his 1936 trip to Lincoln, Nebraska.

August Halfeld, a personal emissary of Dr. Goebbels, also
kept an eye on Roosevelt.

Goebbels, the Nazis and their fifth column allies in the U.S.
called for the impeachment of Roosevelt. Said he was a traitor.

William Kullgren - fifth column leader of Atascadero, CA.

Parker Sages Detroit National Workers League.

William Dudley Pelley - chief of the Silver Shirts.

Francis P. Moran - Director of the Christian Front in Boston.

Governor Philip F. La Follette of Wisconsin.

former Governor William Murray of Oklahoma.

Representative Clare E. Hoffman of Michigan.

The American Fellowship Forum (published a magazine called
Todays Challenge)

founded in NYC on March 16, 1939.

National Director was Dr. Friedrich Ernest Ferdinand Auhagen,
Prof. of German Literature at Columbia University.

- also received $$ from German-American industrialist Dr.
Ferdinand A. Kertess, Pres. Of the Chemical Marketing Company
of NYC, and one of the incorporators of the American Fellowship
Forum. Espionage work for the German Government.

- conferred with Friedhelm Draeger, German Consul in NYC.
(U.S. section leader of Ernst Bohles Auslands-Organization
and was in charge of espionage-sabotage operations in the NY
area.)

Many were probably sincere, not knowing they were dupes of
Nazi & Japanese agents.

Jan. 22, 1941, Short-wave radio broadcast by Dr. Joseph Paul
Goebbels, Propaganda Minister for the Third Reich: "The
America First Committee is truly American and truly patriotic!"

Members of he German American Bund moved quietly into the
chapters of the America First Committee. Other supporters were:
William Pelleys Silver Shirts, The Christian Fronters,
the KKK, White Russian Fascists, Christian Mobilizers, &
others.

The American Legion in California found that the entire fifth
column in the U.S. had joined the America First movement.

Laura Ingalls

popular & powerful speaker for the America First Committee.

famous aviatrix

paid Nazi agent

socialite, dancer, actress

Sept. 1939, "bombed" the White House with anti-war
leaflets.

$$ came from Baron Ulrich von Gienanth, head of the Gestapo
in the U.S. (his title was Second Secretary of the German Embassy
in Washington).

worked with Hans Thomson, The German Charge dAffaires.

Fritz Weidemann, German Consul in San Francisco.

arrested by the FBI for failing to register as an agent of
the Third Reich. Sentenced to 8 months to 2 years.

Frank B. Burch, distinguished member of the Akron,
Ohio community.

a founder of the America First Committee in Akron, Ohio.

elected to state Senate in 1923.

hated Roosevelt & the New Deal.

1939 duped by Dr. Karl Kapp, German Consul at Cleaveland,
fell for he "international Jew" line.

gave lists of names to Kapp, who turned them over to George
Sylvester Vierek.

front for Nazi propaganda in the mid-west.

Sept. 1941 indicted for not registering as an agent of the
German Gov.

1939 Hollywood, a screenwriter takes a trip to Nazi Germany.
His list:

said Hollywood was controlled by "alien forces"
& "communists" who were producing movies to involve
the U.S. in the war against Germany.

fall 1940, published a pamphlet with names of "Reds"
(all Jewish names) in Hollywood. An almost identical list of
names appeared in the 1/12/40 issue of the official Nazi propaganda
newsletter, Welt-Dienst.

A year prior to the Welt-Dienst issue Hitler spoke
out against Hollywood. Said it was a center of anti-Nazism, democracy
and communism, cant be tolerated any longer.

Shortly after, Fritz Kuhn, Fuehrer of the German American
Bund, demanded a "thorough cleansing of the Hollywood film
industry of all alien, subversive elements."

William Dudley Pelley printed an article: "Whos
Who In Hollywood - Find the Gentile!"

Early 1941, G. Allison Phelps began broadcasting demands for
an investigation of the movie industry. He then went to Washingon
D.C. & worked out of the office of Sen. Robert Rice Reynolds
of N. Carolina.

Returned to the West Coast and broadcasted that his efforts
in Washington would soon be apparent.

At the request of Senator Gerald P. Nye of N. Dakota, on Aug.
1 1941 Sen. Bennett Champ Clark of Missouri introduced Senate
Resolution No. 152, which said that movies & radio have
been used for propaganda for participation in the war. Therefore,
the Committee on Interstate Commerce will investigate any propaganda
by the movie industry.

The Committee on Interstate Commerce was headed by Senator
Burton K. Wheeler of Montana, leader of the America First Committee
congressional bloc.

The America First "investigators" objected to the
anti-Nazi films:

The Great Dictator

Confessions of a Spy

Escape

Man Hunt

I Married a Nazi

but not the Nazi-produced films, like Victory In The West.

Wendell Willkie made public statements exposing the anti-Hollywood
witch-hunt and the "investigation" was dropped.

Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

The office of Scribners Commentator magazine
moved there.

- published by Douglas M. Seward, editor George T. Egleston,
both promoted America First Committee and Lindbergh.

Summer of 1941 became the unofficial headquarters of the
America First Committee.

- 1938 provided bail for Mrs. Ignatz Griebl, wife of he Nazi
spy who fled the U.S. that year.

- had a bookstore in NYC, meeting place for fifth columnists.

In August 1941 Stewerd & Eggleson published the 1st issue
of their newspaper The Herald.

pro-Nazi propaganda.

plugged America First Committee.

Later, when facing the Washington Federal Grand Jury for Axis
propaganda, they said they got $100,000 from Charles S. Payson,
NY millionaire & admirer of Linbergh, but the money mostly
went to finance Scribners Commentator. They said
the $30,000 that financed The Herald was given to them
anonymously, they didnt know who it was. The source of
The Heralds foreign news came straight from the
Propaganda Ministries of Berlin, Rome, & Tokyo, via short-wave
radio.

Their publications were distributed throughout the country
for free.

Also mailed out copies to the U.S. armed forces.

This was psychological sabotage.

Sept. 11, 1941 - Lindbergh declared that only 3 groups wanted
war: "The British, the Jewish, and the Roosevelt Administration."

The German American Bund proposed Lindbergh for President
of the U.S.

Col. Joseph M. Pattersons Daily News called for the
formation of an "American First Party."

Col. Robert R. McCormicks Chicago Tribune called
for an "America First Party."

Nov. 1941 secret meeting in Wash. to discuss political plans
for the America First Committee.

General Wood

Senators Nye, Wheeler, Taft

Reps. Karl Mundt & Day, and others.

Their plans:

1) launch campaign to impeach Sec. of Navy Frank Knox.
2) align the clergy against aid to the Soviet Union by stressing
the "Bolshevik menace."
3) non-interventionist propaganda, more than before.
4) set up an America First Party in time for the 1942 elections.

Dec. 7, 1941 - Japan bombs Pearl Harbor.

Chapter 11 - "America At War"

Dec. 12, 1941 - The America First Committee officially disbanded.

Dec. 17, 1941 - secret meeting at the home of Edwin Sibley
Webster Jr., wealthy Wall Street broker and former Exec. Director
of the NY Chapter of the American First Committee.

Lindbergh

Horace J. Haase

Haase said they would come to power later, with Lindbergh
the leader.

A few weeks later Haase set up an organization called "Americans
for Peace."

3 days before Pearl Harbor the Chicago Tribune printed
highly confidential military information. Sec. of War Henry L.
Stimson denounced it saying they revealed military secrets to
the enemy.

The psychological sabotage continued after the war:

undermine the peoples confidence in wartime leadership

stirring up prejudices against Allied nations

racial propaganda

artificial antagonisms between business and labor

William Randolph Hearst

Capt. Joseph M. Paterson

Capt. Robert R. McCormick

Sen. Gerald P. Nye

Rep. Clare E. Hoffman of Michigan

Rep. Martin Dies of Texas

Rep. Harold Knutson of Minnesota

Sen. Burton K. Wheeler of Montana

Sen. C. Wayland Brooks of Illinois

Rep. Stephen Day of Illinois

Rep. Dewey Short of Missouri

Rep. Paul Schafer of Michigan

Sen. Robert Rice Reynolds of N. Carolina, Chairman
of the Senate Military Affairs Committee

Chapter 12 - "America Strikes Back"

The Axis powers underestimated Americas response to
the war.

Many of the psychological saboteurs were sentenced to prison.

Special Grand Juries were set up in many parts of the U.S.
to investigate enemy propaganda activities.

NY Grand Jury indicted many German American Bund members.

Washington Federal Grand Jury indicted many men and women
for trying to sabotage the morale among American soldiers and
sailors by picturing the United Nations as weak and ineffective,
Americas leaders as untrustworthy and the war as a "Jewish
plot."

Archibald MacLeish, Director of the Office of Facts and Figures,
told the American Society of Newspaper Editors on April 17, 1942:
"...the most pernicious and pervasive defeatism in not practiced
by those who violate the statutes of their country openly. It
is practiced by those who take scrupulous care to stay within
the law  to come, as one of them is reported to have told
his staff, 'as close to treason as I dare.'"

The tiny group of defeatist Congressmen continue their work
in Washington D.C.

The answer to the problem of wartime psychological sabotage
lies with the American people themselves.