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Although these studies of the absorption in Z-growth quartz resonators are incomplete, a relationship between growthrate and acoustic loss near room temperature is emerging. It appears that the higher the growth rate, the greater is the 130°C absorption and hence the greater is the silicate concentration. Whether or not growth-rate is basically the determining parameter remains to be seen.
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The binary compounds crystallizing in the cubic sphalerite or hexagonal wurtzite structures are the simplest piezoelectric crystals and hence of theoretical as well as potential practical interest. So far quantitative data were available only on natural crystals of zinc sulfide in the cubic form, but new methods of crystal growth provide single crystals of hexagonal cadmium sulfide up to 1 inch mi...
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Review is made of information concerning the ability of current designs of quartz crysta. units to operate in nuclear environments generated by nuclear weapons and propulsion systems. Exposure of military-type crystal units to steady-state nuclear radiation has indicated that most of the units are appreciably affected by integrated neutron doses of 1017. Differences in results on the sa...
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Bliley Electric Company is working toward development of special precision crystal units for eatellite use under a contract with the Signal Corps Research and Development Laboratories. The project consists of several specific phases, and includes both the evaluatioonf performances attainable at the present state of the art and development of certain new design and techniques. This paper is concern...
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This paper covers the results of a study of CR-18/U crystal unit design in the frequency range 800 KC to 3000 KC. The choice of suitable design parameters for a plano-convex or a bi-convex plate of a given frequency involves finding a combination of plate diameter and surface curvature that will minimize the effects of unwanted modes of vibration within the operating temperature range. Satisfactor...
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Analogous to a spectral line, the output of an oscillator can be characterized by two parameters, the width of the line and its position on the frequency scale. The line width is determined by the signal to noise ratio and the position of the line by the phase relation in the oscillator loop. Using simple models, equations are derived for the limitations due to thermal noise wl1ich express the fre...
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This paper first reviews the nature of the Micro Module Program. The basic considerations which were to serve as key attitudes and design criteria for the future are discussed. Then an up-to-date status report on program progress including components and equipments is presented. The status of typical resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors and crystal micro-elements is presented. Future aspe...
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The effect of thermal noise on the frequency of a regenerative oscillator is shown to be a random frequency error proportional to the frequency itself, and to the square root of the ratio of the equipartition energy, kT, over the energy dissipated in the oscillator during the time of measurement.
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