dinsdag 28 april 2015

Dutch technology for major weapons in the Yemen war

A coalition of 10 countries, including the Gulf Cooperation
Council (GCC), is fighting in Yemen against Houthi rebels who forced
Yemen's government into exile. Dutch weapon systems are playing an
invisible but important role in this war; many of the participating navy
ships are fitted with Thales Nederland fire control radar. Analysts say
the war is not about Yemen's internal situation, but a proxy war between Saudi Arabia and Iran. They warn that the only winner will be terrorist groups like al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula.

The coalition against the Houthi's is actively sponsored though by US arms deliverances and fights with weapons sold by European countries as well (in the EU consolidated report
on arms export 2013 Saudi Arabia was the second most important customer
for EU-weapons, only after the US, with almost € 4 billion in one
year). The United Nations installed an arms embargo against Yemen and -
unsuccessfully - called to stop the fighting.

When Iran sailed to Yemen with two naval vessels, the destroyer
Alborz and the axillary vessel Bushehr, it made headlines in the papers.
What was not mentioned was that the Alborz is built at the British
Vickers wharf as far back as 1969. The ship is one of a class of five
(two others are more recently built in Iran). The Bushehr is build in 1974 at the C. Luhring, Brake wharf in
Germany. Sold at their time to the Shah, for the most
part of their lives the ships have belonged to the Islamic Republic. In
response to the deployment of the oldies the US has send the aircraft
carrier Theodore Roosevelt and the cruiser USS Normandy to the Gulf.

The Gulf Cooperation Council coalition and their friends are
deploying a wide array of war planes and naval vessels (see illustration
Business Insider). Jane's Defence Weekly of April 15, 2015
reported that the assets contributed by the countries involved 'remain
vague'. The military magazine stated however that countries like Jordan
are deploying jets and mentioned photo footage of Egyptian, Jordan and
Bahraini F-16's taking part in the war. The kingdom of Jordan got 18
F-16's from the Netherlands and 9 from Belgium. Thus over a third of its
79 F-16 air frames came from the Benelux.

Due to offset policies of the past decades even the other F-16's used
by the coalition are equipped with Dutch technology. The Eurofighters
(EFA/Typhoon), which the Saudi's use in the operations, are a product of
BAe Systems, Finmeccanica, and Airbus, the last company based in the
Netherlands for tax reasons. The use of these planes was reported by UK media. Naval missile systems used (like Sea Sparrow, Harpoon) might also have Dutch components.

The map of the region shows that Yemen’s shoreline is almost as long as
its land borders. Its beaches along the Gulf of Aden and the narrow
entrance to the Red Sea are the route to the Mediterranean through the
Suez canal. No wonder naval vessels have been deployed and used by the
coalition in the Yemenite waters. It is also expected that Pakistan
will join the fleet to enforce the naval blockade, but mission creep is
already feared. It may be a method to circumvent the Pakistan
Parliamentary opposition to join the forces against Yemen. The newest
surface naval vessels of Pakistan were built by the Peoples Republic of
China and fitted with Dutch military communication and combat data systems. Its Oliver Perry class is fitted with a Thales Netherlands derivative, the Perry Mk 92 fire control radar (Signaal WM28).

Above all, it is Egypt which is involved in the operations against
the Houthi's. It owes this to the Saudi's, because of the generous
donations made to al-Sisis by the House of Saud – the most recent
donation of March 2015 worth 4 billion.
Cairo has also its own reasons; the Suez Canal earns Egypt about $5
billion a year, a vital source of hard currency for a country that has
suffered a slump in tourism and foreign investment. It is no surprise
that the country has sent its navy to Yemen.

In early April reports turned up that the Egyptian navy fired
missiles on Yemen. Of this navy, the guns come mainly from the US,
Sweden and Italy and the radar, combat systems, and parts
of missiles are also produced in the Netherlands. Jane's mentions the frigate
Alexandria (formerly the Mubarak) fitted with Mk92 fire control radar
and the fast attack misille craft Ezzat Awent
fitted with Thales Nederland Scout data processing. At a Parliamentary
round table on arms export however Thales Netherlands pretended not to
understand why the Dutch government hesitated with giving permission for
the export of Thales products to the wharf building Egypt’s naval
vessels. While these are clearly and essential parts of the weaponsystems

Currently, work begins on Egypts Gowind corvette.
Thales Netherlands will not only deliver its surface search radar, but
also a crucial element of its direct fighting capabilities the target
designation radar.