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The batteries use the same circuit for charging and discharging. Thinking about something between the main pcb and the batteries that prevents short circuit in case of swapped polarity and cuts out the main feed to the pcb. This way both would be protected.

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Are the leads from R13, R14, & R15 shorted by the interconnections between B10, B11, & B12 ? As the fuses interconnect them. I do not understand why, in say laptop batteries, the cells are interconnected that way. Perhaps for balance charging?

It is common practice to put a diode around each cell in reverse connection for protection.

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I updated the circuit in the meantime. Changed the resistors to the right ones I hope. The batteries connected to each other the same way as on my first post. That’s because of balance charging your right.

Diode would be an easy solution. I guess voltage loss would be significant as 0.6v loss per diode.

Here, if you swap one shorted to it’s pair above or below. After the fuse blown there is only one way to go which is the transistor.

Correct me if I’m wrong. I rather go with the easy solution.

Here, the ssr relay (U2) is always on according to the datasheet. When it gets + to the pin 6, connects SB to drain.