..Type X collagen was first expressed by the chondrocytes in the mineralized fibrocartilage at 14 days and persisted in the mineralized fibrocartilage at 56 days. A shift from TGF-beta3 to TGF-beta1 expression occurred at 15.5 dpc...

..This study evaluated the effect of the mechanical environment on the healing rotator cuff by paralyzing the supraspinatus muscle in the operative shoulder of a rat model of rotator cuff injury and repair...

..The goal of this study was to characterize the development of bone and joint deformities in paralyzed neonatal shoulders and to assess the improvement of these deformities after muscle function recovery with use of an animal model...

..To determine the location and proximity of the radial nerve to the anterior capsule and to delineate and describe the anatomy of the brachialis as it relates to the radial nerve and anterior capsule...

Accuracy of ultrasound imaging of the rotator cuff in shoulders that are painful postoperatively

..Triceps tendon anatomy is important for surgical approaches to the elbow and tendon repair. The purpose of this study is to describe both the qualitative and quantitative anatomy of the triceps brachii tendon insertion...

..The purpose of this study was to determine the physician-patient correlation of a patient-derived outcomes questionnaire that assesses range of motion (ROM) and strength after shoulder arthroplasty...

The demographic and morphological features of rotator cuff disease. A comparison of asymptomatic and symptomatic shoulders

..The purpose of the present study was to compare the morphological characteristics and prevalences of asymptomatic and symptomatic rotator cuff disease in patients who presented with unilateral shoulder pain...

Outcome of open reduction and internal fixation of surgical neck nonunions of the humerus

..The rat is a commonly used rotator cuff animal model; however, unlike humans, rats continue to grow throughout their lifespan, so age-related changes in muscle structure may complicate an understanding of muscle adaptations to injury...

..Elbow arthroscopy is increasingly used to treat complex pathology. The purpose of this study was to investigate early complication rates after elbow arthroscopy and identify risk factors for adverse events...

..Inferior scapular notching is a common radiographic complication of reverse shoulder arthroplasty. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of prosthesis design on the incidence and severity of notching...

Intra-articular fractures of the upper extremity: new concepts in surgical treatment

..Combined with the potential benefits of improved joint visualization and low surgical morbidity, arthroscopic release of post-traumatic elbow contracture appears to be a reasonable alternative to open techniques...