Open the Run dialog box by pressing the Windows logo + R keys on your keyboards. Type “eventvwr.msc” and click the “OK’’ button.Event Viewer window will appear on the screen. Click on “Windows Logs” from the left pane of the window.Now look for “Applications” and right-click on it.It will open another menu where you can choose the “Filter Current Log” option. Click on that so you can then choose the log you want to see.From the Event sources drop-down menu, check the box next to “Chkdsk”.Scroll down to reach the bottom of the list and check a checkmark in the box next to “wininit” as well. You will also want to include the wininit logs.Close the drop-down and then click on the “OK” button for the Event Viewer to get the options that you just choose above.

You will now see the information log. Click to check it. Double-click on it. All of the information that was initially available from the Command Prompt window after running the Check Disk system tool is now available in the Event Properties window.

I can get as far as this step, but the "event sources" drop down isn't actually a drop down, when I click the triangle beside it, nothing happens at all. Same with the other drop down menu on that page. Should I just type "chkdsk" on the event sources thing?

Following command will fixes errors on the disk and locates bad sectors and recovers readable information.

Code:

Chkdsk D: /r

Please replace partition letter D: with Windows installed partition letter. When computer boots into Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) environment the drive letter assign to Windows partition may not be C: drive letter because Windows 7, 8 , 8.1 and 10 creates a separate system partition when it's installed from scratch. The system partition contains boot files WinRE assigns the system partition the C: drive letter and the Windows installed partition will be assign any other drive letter usually D: drive letter is assign to Windows installed partition. The Bcdedit /enum | find "osdevice" command can be use to find out the drive letter of the Windows installed partition the output of the Bcdedit command is similar to this osdevice partition=D:. The drive letter after partition= is the drive letter of the Windows partition.