Vision Health Assessment

A comprehensive eye exam is done with the following procedures, sometimes may be not in the order described.

1. Assess Current Visual State

You are encourage to read out the smaller print at distance and/or near with your correction (glasses/contacts) or naked eyes.

2. Objective and Subjective Refraction

A baseline objective refractive power and subjective refractive power are both measured for both sphere and cylinder power and orientation. Binocular correction for difference between two eyes, and eyestrains are considered.The same is repeated for reading power if found necessary.The end result is the glasses power that can be used for patient's daily needs for clear, consistent and comfortable vision for both far and near.

3. Confrontation Visual Fields

The patient is offered images from peripheral to center to check the limits of their visual fields horizontally and vertically.

4. Extra-ocular Muscles Mobility Assessment

One of the patient's eye is covered at different time to assess the movement and alignment of the two eyes.This test helps rule out the chance of crossed eyes or other eye muscle defect.

5. Pupillary Assessment

The pupil is assessed under the microscope (slit lamp), for size, shape and responses to light.

6. Tear quality assessment

Tear film quality in liquid or lipid (oil) form are assessment with the Slit Lamp (a microscope).​Tear lake or tear volume is also assessed. In some cases, tear break up time is also assessed to evaluate how many seconds the tear film can stay covering the eye before breaking apart.

7. Assessment of the Anterior Segment (photo image when required)

The lids, cornea, conjunctiva, anterior chamber, iris, lens are assessed.This can determine for risks of infections, allergies, inflammation, diabetes in the eye, and clouding of the lenses that may lead to cataract.

8. Tonometry to check for eye pressure

The pressure of the eye is checked with a precise hand-held device.This would determine one of the risks for glaucoma.

9. Dilated Fundus Examination

The patient has the dilation drop instilled in the eyes. It would take 15-30 minutes to dilate depending on the pigment density of the iris.After the pupil dilation, the Optometrist can look into a bigger opening through the pupil to assess the optic nerve, macular, blood vessels at the back of the eyes and the peripheral.This helps determine if there is a risk for ocular stroke, bleeding of the blood vessels, or cyst formation due to diabetes or high blood pressure. It also helps to determine if there is a risk for age-related macular degeneration.

10. Retinal photo

The retinal photo is worth a thousand words. I can describe the height and width of the defect or lesion inside the eye, but never as good as the photo for the shape or form. A retinal photo can capture and document the changes for optic nerve that may signify risk of glaucoma, or the lesions at the macula for macular degeneration, or the micro-hemorrages for blood vessels due to diabetes.

Added features (when required)

1. Anterior segment photo of the eye lids, cornea and iris when required. 2. Personal vision correction using the latest technology in contact lenses, refractive surgery and glasses recommendations. 3. Free glasses style consult according to your face shape. For the simpler guide, take a look here. 4. Sports eye wear suggestion injuries with tennis or soccer, and game enhancement in fishing and golfing. 5. Sunglasses solution and anti-aging/UV protection. 6. Nutritional and physical activity plan to improve your control on your eye health and overall health.7. Technology use planning guide.8. Patient support. (emails on eye health and follow up on eye wear).