This paper aims to compare the lower secondary science education of Malaysia and Japan by studyingthe commonalities and the differences of the science curricula in each country in terms of the two essential aspects:the aims and goals of the curriculum and the content and organization. The research is wrote based on the reviewof Malaysia science syllabus, Japan Courses of Study in science and the examination of typical secondary sciencetextbooks, summary of school visit and discussion with science educators. Japanese students are found to have betterbasic in investigation, analysis and exploration ability compare to Malaysian students. The experiments designed forthe lower secondary learners in Japan are highly recommendable for the Malaysian.