4.
Mortality trends from CVD in the WHO European Region,ages 75+, by sex, 1981–2010Females CIS CARK EU12 EU15 CARK: central Asian republics and Kazakhstan CIS CIS:Males Commonwealth of Independent States CARK EU12: EU EU12 members after May 2004 Source: WHO European mortality EU15: EU members before database, 2011 EU15 May 2004 Brussels, Belgium 7 June 2012

5.
Mortality patterns in the WHO European Region,by age and sex, 2006–2010 Source: WHO European mortality database, 2011. Brussels, Belgium 7 June 2012

6.
Four strategic areas for action Healthy ageing over Supportive the life- environments course Strengthen Address health gaps in systems for evidence and ageing research populations

10.
Deaths attributable to risk factors, by age and sex:middle- and lower-income countries in Europe (%) Males Females High blood pressure Overweight and obesity Tobacco use Physical inactivity Tobacco use Alcohol use

11.
Action at the local level: sustained policycommitment to healthy ageing

12.
Health systems fit for ageing populations• Universal coverage, including for services for prevention and rehabilitation at higher ages (risk of social exclusion of women, many of them living alone and on inadequate pensions)• Public support to (women) informal caregivers to maintain their health• Better quality of and protection for older people in need of social services (long-term care), most of whom are women