October 15, 2009

Arctic Ice May Disappear in a Decade

A new report on global warming predicts the frozen Arctic Ocean will soon be like a normal sea in the summers. There are shocking changes happening in the polar environment and its fragile eco-systems. For millions of years, the sea around the North Pole has been frozen all year round. Recent research from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and the Catlin Atlantic Survey show things are changing fast. They predict that within a decade, the Arctic will be largely ice-free in the summer. They base their prediction on the rate at which the sea ice is currently thinning. The lead researcher, Professor Peter Wadhams, said: "The area is now more likely to become open water each summer, bringing forward the potential date when the summer sea ice will be completely gone."

An ice-free Arctic will have consequences for the whole world’s weather patterns. The Arctic sea ice is a key part of the Earth’s climate system. Experts call it Earth's “refrigerator”. They said that as it disappears, the world will become a lot warmer. Scientists are still unclear exactly what changes there will be to our weather. Forecasters predict an increase in all kinds of disasters and extreme weather events. These include massive flooding, much more dangerous hurricanes and the spread of the world’s deserts. These new findings provide an urgent call for world leaders to act. The timing of the WWF report is a reminder to those attending the UN climate summit in Copenhagen in December. Rich countries will face pressure to agree to reduce their carbon emissions by 40 per cent by 2020.

WARM-UPS

1. NORTH POLE: Walk around the class and talk to other students about the North Pole. Change partners often. Sit with your first partner(s) and share your findings.

2. CHAT: In pairs / groups, decide which of these topics or words from the article are most interesting and which are most boring.

Have a chat about the topics you liked. Change topics and partners frequently.

3. ENVIRONMENT: How will it be different in 100 years? Complete this table with your partner(s). Change partners and share your ideas. Change and share again.

Better / worse?

How?

What can we do?

The Arctic

Amazon rainforests

Tokyo

The Mediterranean Sea

The River Nile

My town

4. THE FUTURE: Students A strongly believe our environment will survive; Students B strongly believe we will totally destroy our environment. Change partners again and talk about your conversations.

5. DISASTERS: Rank these disasters. The scariest is at the top. Change partners and share your rankings again.

earthquake

flood

hurricane / typhoon

twister / tornado

tsunami

avalanche

bushfire

drought

6. ICE: Spend one minute writing down all of the different words you associate with the word ‘ice’. Share your words with your partner(s) and talk about them. Together, put the words into different categories.

Scientists based their predictions on how fast the ice is disappearing.

T / F

e.

The disappearing Arctic ice will have little effect on our weather.

T / F

f.

Scientists are confident they know how our weather will change.

T / F

g.

Experts believe there’ll be more floods and larger deserts.

T / F

h.

All countries face pressure to cut carbon emissions by 40% by 2020.

T / F

2. SYNONYM MATCH: Match the following synonyms from the article.

1.

predicts

a.

inside

2

normal

b.

precisely

3.

fragile

c.

results

4.

within

d.

usual

5.

potential

e.

cut

6.

consequences

f.

forecasts

7.

key

g.

huge

8.

exactly

h.

possible

9.

massive

i.

delicate

10.

reduce

j.

important

3. PHRASE MATCH: (Sometimes more than one choice is possible.)

1.

A new report

a.

ice-free in the summer

2

shocking changes happening

b.

world leaders to act

3.

fragile

c.

world’s weather patterns

4.

the Arctic will be largely

d.

become open water

5.

The area is now more likely to

e.

an increase

6.

consequences for the whole

f.

in the polar environment

7.

a key part of

g.

on global warming

8.

Forecasters predict

h.

by 40 per cent

9.

an urgent call for

i.

eco-systems

10.

reduce their carbon emissions

j.

the Earth’s climate

WHILE READING / LISTENING

GAP FILL: Put the words into the gaps in the text.

A new report on global warming ____________ the frozen Arctic Ocean will soon be like a normal sea in the summers. There are ____________ changes happening in the polar environment and its fragile eco-____________. For millions of years, the sea around the North Pole has been frozen all year ____________. Recent research from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and the Catlin Atlantic Survey show things are changing fast. They predict that ____________ a decade, the Arctic will be ____________ ice-free in the summer. They base their prediction on the rate at which the sea ice is currently ____________. The lead researcher, Professor Peter Wadhams, said: "The area is now more likely to become open water each summer, bringing ____________ the potential date when the summer sea ice will be completely gone."

largelyroundshockingforwardthinningpredictswithinsystems

An ice-free Arctic will have consequences for the ____________ world’s weather patterns. The Arctic sea ice is a ____________ part of the Earth’s climate system. Experts call it Earth's “refrigerator”. They said that as it ____________, the world will become a lot warmer. Scientists are still unclear ____________ what changes there will be to our weather. Forecasters predict an increase in all kinds of disasters and extreme weather events. These ____________ massive flooding, much more dangerous hurricanes and the ____________ of the world’s deserts. These new findings provide an ____________ call for world leaders to act. The timing of the WWF report is a reminder to those attending the UN climate summit in Copenhagen in December. Rich countries will ____________ pressure to agree to reduce their carbon emissions by 40 per cent by 2020.

spreadkeyfaceexactlywholeurgentdisappearsinclude

LISTENING  Listen and fill in the gaps

A new report on global warming predicts the frozen Arctic Ocean will soon be like a normal sea in the summers. There are shocking changes happening in the polar environment and its fragile eco-systems. For millions of years, the sea around the North Pole has been frozen all year round. Recent research from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and the Catlin Atlantic Survey show things are changing fast. They predict that within a decade, the Arctic will be largely ice-free in the summer. They base their prediction on the rate at which the sea ice is currently thinning. The lead researcher, Professor Peter Wadhams, said: "The area is now more likely to become open water each summer, bringing forward the potential date when the summer sea ice will be completely gone."

An ice-free Arctic will have consequences for the whole world’s weather patterns. The Arctic sea ice is a key part of the Earth’s climate system. Experts call it Earth's “refrigerator”. They said that as it disappears, the world will become a lot warmer. Scientists are still unclear exactly what changes there will be to our weather. Forecasters predict an increase in all kinds of disasters and extreme weather events. These include massive flooding, much more dangerous hurricanes and the spread of the world’s deserts. These new findings provide an urgent call for world leaders to act. The timing of the WWF report is a reminder to those attending the UN climate summit in Copenhagen in December. Rich countries will face pressure to agree to reduce their carbon emissions by 40 per cent by 2020.

What questions would you like to ask your nation’s leader about the environment?

LANGUAGE  MULTIPLE CHOICE

A new report on global warming (1) ____ the frozen Arctic Ocean will soon be like a normal sea in the summers. There are (2) ____ changes happening in the polar environment and its fragile eco-systems. For millions of years, the sea around the North Pole has been frozen (3) ____ year round. Recent research from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and the Catlin Atlantic Survey show things are changing fast. They predict that within a decade, the Arctic will be (4) ____ ice-free in the summer. They base their prediction on the rate at which the sea ice is (5) ____ thinning. The lead researcher, Professor Peter Wadhams, said: "The area is now more likely to become open water each summer, bringing forward the potential date when the summer sea ice will be completely (6) ____."

An ice-free Arctic will have consequences for the (7) ____ world’s weather patterns. The Arctic sea ice is a key part of the Earth’s climate system. Experts call it Earth's “refrigerator”. They said that (8) ____ it disappears, the world will become a lot warmer. Scientists are still unclear exactly what changes there will (9) ____ to our weather. Forecasters predict an increase in all kinds of disasters and extreme weather events. These include massive flooding, much more dangerous hurricanes and the (10) ____ of the world’s deserts. These new findings provide an urgent call for world leaders to (11) ____. The timing of the WWF report is a reminder to those attending the UN climate summit in Copenhagen in December. Rich countries will (12) ____ pressure to agree to reduce their carbon emissions by 40 per cent by 2020.

Put the correct words from the table below in the above article.

1.

(a)

predictions

(b)

predicting

(c)

prediction

(d)

predicts

2.

(a)

shocked

(b)

shocker

(c)

shocking

(d)

shocks

3.

(a)

every

(b)

all

(c)

each

(d)

whole

4.

(a)

largely

(b)

largest

(c)

large

(d)

larger

5.

(a)

current

(b)

currents

(c)

currently

(d)

currant

6.

(a)

going

(b)

vanished

(c)

disappeared

(d)

gone

7.

(a)

all

(b)

whole

(c)

every

(d)

both

8.

(a)

as

(b)

was

(c)

were

(d)

has

9.

(a)

being

(b)

be

(c)

become

(d)

been

10.

(a)

spreads

(b)

spreadsheet

(c)

spread

(d)

spreader

11.

(a)

act

(b)

acted

(c)

acting

(d)

action

12.

(a)

head

(b)

skull

(c)

eye

(d)

face

WRITING

Write about the North Pole for 10 minutes. Correct your partner’s paper.

HOMEWORK

1. VOCABULARY EXTENSION: Choose several of the words from the text. Use a dictionary or Google’s search field (or another search engine) to build up more associations / collocations of each word.

2. INTERNET: Search the Internet and find out more about the North Pole. Share what you discover with your partner(s) in the next lesson.

3. NORTH POLE: Make a poster about the North Pole. How is it important for wildlife and weather? Show your work to your classmates in the next lesson. Did you all have similar things?

4. THE FUTURE: Write a magazine article about the future of the Earth. Include imaginary interviews with someone who thinks we have no hope and someone who thinks the Earth will survive forever.

Read what you wrote to your classmates in the next lesson. Write down any new words and expressions you hear from your partner(s).

5. LETTER: Write a letter to your leader. Ask him/her three questions about global warming. Give him/her three ideas on what he/she should do to help save the Earth. Read your letter to your partner(s) in your next lesson. Your partner(s) will answer your questions.

ANSWERS

TRUE / FALSE:

a.

F

b.

T

c.

F

d.

T

e.

F

f.

F

g.

T

h.

F

SYNONYM MATCH:

1.

predicts

a.

forecasts

2

normal

b.

usual

3.

fragile

c.

delicate

4.

within

d.

inside

5.

potential

e.

possible

6.

consequences

f.

results

7.

key

g.

important

8.

exactly

h.

precisely

9.

massive

i.

huge

10.

reduce

j.

cut

PHRASE MATCH:

1.

A new report

a.

on global warming

2

shocking changes happening

b.

in the polar environment

3.

fragile

c.

eco-systems

4.

the Arctic will be largely

d.

ice-free in the summer

5.

The area is now more likely to

e.

become open water

6.

consequences for the whole

f.

world’s weather patterns

7.

a key part of

g.

the Earth’s climate

8.

Forecasters predict

h.

an increase

9.

an urgent call for

i.

world leaders to act

10.

reduce their carbon emissions

j.

by 40 per cent

GAP FILL:

Arctic ice may disappear in a decade

A new report on global warming predicts the frozen Arctic Ocean will soon be like a normal sea in the summers. There are shocking changes happening in the polar environment and its fragile eco-systems. For millions of years, the sea around the North Pole has been frozen all year round. Recent research from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and the Catlin Atlantic Survey show things are changing fast. They predict that within a decade, the Arctic will be largely ice-free in the summer. They base their prediction on the rate at which the sea ice is currently thinning. The lead researcher, Professor Peter Wadhams, said: "The area is now more likely to become open water each summer, bringing forward the potential date when the summer sea ice will be completely gone."

An ice-free Arctic will have consequences for the whole world’s weather patterns. The Arctic sea ice is a key part of the Earth’s climate system. Experts call it Earth's “refrigerator”. They said that as it disappears, the world will become a lot warmer. Scientists are still unclear exactly what changes there will be to our weather. Forecasters predict an increase in all kinds of disasters and extreme weather events. These include massive flooding, much more dangerous hurricanes and the spread of the world’s deserts. These new findings provide an urgent call for world leaders to act. The timing of the WWF report is a reminder to those attending the UN climate summit in Copenhagen in December. Rich countries will face pressure to agree to reduce their carbon emissions by 40 per cent by 2020.