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Realism being the most versatile of naturalism and romanticism was popular in the late 19th century and is still read today Realism is defined as the faithful representation of reality Source 5 Writers and Artist strove for detailed realistic and factual description they tried to represent events and social conditions as they were without idealization Realism rose as an opposing idea to Idealism and Nominalism with a one to one relationship between representation and the subject It is a focus on the immediate the specific actions and their verifiable consequences Opposing Nominalism realism believes ideas are names and they have a practical application Source 1 Realists used this genre to put social situations and events into novels mainly for the middle class as their work pertained to them or subjects close to them as they could relate better Starting in France with Honor de Balzac Gustave Flaubert and Guy de Maupassant and then went international Honor de Balzac was a major French novelist playwright literary critic art critic journalist printer and essayist His project was to explore the different social classes as well as the individuals in them The novels he wrote had a romantic and poetic nature to them Source 7 De Balzac became famous during his life when he was writing realistic and psychological novels two of them are Old Man Goriot and Eugenie Grandet Source 7 Henry James is considered the father of realism his brand of realism contains an accurate portrayal of his characters minds and how they deal with social and ethical situations James did not avoid tragic story endings like other authors he believed characters should be created without idealization and that settings and situations must be portrayed as faithfully to real life as possible Source 6 Many of James novels can be read warning readers of excessive wealth and independence In his novels his characters remain consistent with how they really are and physical descriptions are necessary giving

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