2.Booker T. Washington: Prominent black American, born into slavery, who believed that racism would end once blacks acquired useful labor skills and proved their economic value to society, was head of the Tuskegee Institute in 1881. His book "Up from Slavery."

3.disfranchisement: To deprive of a privilege, an immunity, or a right of citizenship, especially the right to vote

4.grandfather clause: A clause in registration laws allowing people who do not meet registration requirements to vote if they or their ancestors had voted before 1867.

5.Great Migration: movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920

6.Ida B. Wells: African American journalist. published statistics about lynching, urged African Americans to protest by refusing to ride streetcards or shop in white owned stores

7.Jim Crow: Laws written to separate blacks and whites in public areas/meant African Americans had unequal opportunities in housing, work, education, and government

8.literacy test: A test given to persons to prove they can read and write before being allowed to register to vote

9.lynching: the illegal execution of an accused person by mob action, without due process of law.

10.NAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, founded in 1909 to abolish segregation and discrimination, to oppose racism and to gain civil rights for African Americans, got Supreme Court to declare grandfather clause unconstitutional

11.Plessy v Ferguson: sumpreme court ruled that segregation public places facilities were legal as long as the facilites were equal

12.poll tax: a tax of a fixed amount per person and payable as a requirement for the right to vote

13.Rosewood: Town burned down in Florida by whites killing black men and women.