Pierre-Joseph Proudhon's influential treatise, The General Idea of Revolution in the Nineteenth Century, archetypes revolution as a clear historical necessity - stating the acute aims of the socialist revolution for the masses to be grounded in abolishment of nation states, frontiers, and all central authority beyond Power held by local communal associations. The central tenant of Proudhon's manifesto reveals the historical necessity of revolution and the impossibility of preventing it due to the nature of capitalism as an exploitative political and philosophical ideology inherently linked to its economic basis. The connections between the social democratic state and traditional socialist revolution in 20th century China and are nearly inherent to the cause of revolution itself. The tangible existence of continuous revolution in China can certainly be equated with 'historical necessity'. Proudhon would agree to this when considering the plight of the peasant masses in China at the outset of the 20th century.

A poster from the Cultural Revolution, featuring a...

A close examination of this wall reveals faded Chi...

Chinese propaganda poster: "Destroy the old world;...

Indeed, as the bigger and definitely more aggressive brother to the May Fourth movement and part of a long line continuum of 20th Century Communist revolutions, The Great Proletariate Cultural Revolution stands obtrusive in purity of essence of revolution in the socialist Leninist-Marxist sense. [1: Proudhon, P., and John Beverley Robinson. General Idea of the Revolution in the Nineteenth Century. Reprint ed. New York: Haskell House Publishers, 1969.]

This being said, The Cultural Revolution was, indeed, part of a virulent continuum of 20th century revolution in the Chinese state. It existed in namesake, but was and remains elusive in essence - as for its virulent transformations. It was a failure in the socialist sense - not remotely reaching its targets. The continuity of revolution was, of course, apparent but transmuted from class discrimination and abolishment of 'old' culture into an all...

... Culture revolution (Meisner, 354). The Chinese Communist Party openly admitted it was a mistake after Deng XiaoPing came to power. The Culture Revolution also sacrificed an entire generation of young intellectuals because Mao ZeDong ...

... the only one that hasn't had to suffer from a revolution or a military dictatorship. Besides, ever since its independence, India has ... different cultures constantly come across each other. As a consequence, the ability to understand other cultures and to deal with cultural differences will probably ...

... China was still mired n enervating traditional cultural conventions with customs that were millennia old. Mao felt that if Chinese society was going to evolve into a communist society, drastic change was necessary. Many ideas are put forth as to what caused the Cultural Revolution ...