Elytroleptus floridanus is a species of beetle in the Cerambycidae family. It was described by LeConte in 1862.

Odontotaenius floridanus is a beetle of the Family Passalidae. It is endemic to Lake Wales Ridge, Florida.

Planismus floridanus is a species of beetle in the family Silvanidae, the only species in the genus Planismus.

The Florida bonneted bat ("E. floridanus") was treated as a subspecies and later elevated to species status. Though "E. glaucinus" is variable, it was treated as one species, but suspected to be a species complex. The complex was then defined as a group of four species: "E. glaucinus", "E. floridanus", "E. ferox", and an unnamed species from Ecuador.

Another wasp species, "Anastatus floridanus", is also an ootheca parasite of "Eurycotis floridana", laying eggs in an ootheca carried by the female, or into a deposited ootheca as many as 36 days old. Several "A. floridanus" wasps may lay eggs in the same ootheca. As many as 306 adult wasps may develop from one cockroach ootheca.

Tremarctos floridanus, occasionally called the Florida spectacled bear, Florida cave bear, or rarely Florida short-faced bear, is an extinct species of bear in the family Ursidae, subfamily Tremarctinae. "T. floridanus" was endemic to North America from the Pliocene to Holocene epoch (4.9 million — 11,000 years ago), existing for approximately 4.9 million years.

Petaloconchus floridanus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Vermetidae, the worm snails or worm shells.

The Florida bonneted bat (Eumops floridanus) is a species of bat in the genus "Eumops", the bonneted bats or mastiff bats.

Three endemic land species are present: the deer "Odocoileus carriacou margaritae", the rabbit "Sylvilagus floridanus margaritae" and the snake "Leptotyphlops albifrons margaritae".

The Florida grasshopper sparrow ("Ammodramus savannarum floridanus") is an endangered subspecies of grasshopper sparrow native to the dry prairies of south-central Florida.

Alachua is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae. The sole described species is "Alachua floridensis", which is parasitic on "Camponotus floridanus", the Florida carpenter ant.