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Description: The designers of the Great Pyramid had access to a supremely successful paradigm subsequently lost to later generations. The Pyramid is the database of that lost paradigm. As a library in stone, it...

The designers of the Great Pyramid had access to a supremely successful paradigm subsequently lost to later generations. The Pyramid is the database of that lost paradigm. As a library in stone, it is designed as a model of the galaxy, the solar system, the earth and ultimately the human being. It is a working metaphor of astronomy, physics, biology, and earth science. The Pyramid is the ultimate demonstration of “as above, so below.”

New Perspectives on the Great Pyramid Part I

From the work of

Bernard I. Pietsch by Suzanne Thompson

Introduction

There are no scholarly footnotes to the following exposition on the message of the Great Pyramid, no appeals to historical analysis, to archaeological tradition, nor to extra terrestrial involvement. The only documentation offered is the stones of the Pyramid themselves; their placements, dimensions and geometries are the sole demonstration. The objective of this study is to liberate the meaning from the stones and pursue the course of reasoning revealed by the process. The end result of this application is the proposition that the designers of the Great Pyramid had access to a supremely successful paradigm subsequently lost to later generations. The Pyramid is the database of that lost paradigm. As a i ii library in stone, it is designed as a model of the galaxy, the solar system, the earth and ultimately the human being. It is a working metaphor of astronomy, physics, biology, and earth science. The Pyramid is the ultimate demonstration of “as above, so below.” As an architectural wonder the form of the Great Pyramid is best described as a work of conceptual art. Its structure organizes grand themes and tremendous ideas. It is the solution to a problem. We must ask: How do we read it? What answers does it hold? What problem does it solve?
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Though built at a later time, the design of the Pyramid is linked to a precise time and date. The Pyramid commemorates an alignment, on Earth and in time with the celestial position of the pole of the Galaxy. Orientation with the Galactic Pole fixes the angle of the Grand Gallery and its location within the Pyramid. The alignment from the Great Step of the Grand Gallery toward the Galactic Pole would have gone through the Earth at the precise moment. Three blocking stones at the base of the First Ascending Passageway were placed to indicate that “the way is blocked”. See Appendix I and Appendix IV Diagrams.
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The Pyramid models the Solar System in the stones of the King’s Chamber floor. Here 20 rectangular blocks lay out the Canon values for periods of the first six planets and Earth’s Moon. the lengths, areas and volumes of the stones are accorded as a table of the elements of the planets as conceived by the Pyramid architect. See New Perspectives Part II: The Well Tempered Solar System and Appendix II Diagram.

The meaning of the Pyramid as concept cannot be addressed until the mind of the designer is accessed. The best representation of that mind resides in its product--the Pyramid itself. The Pyramid is the message; it is the model. It is the demonstration of the architect’s ability to meld science, art and geometry into a meaningful form. In the service of sacred art, the architect's communication functions both as statement and as dialogue. As statement, the Pyramid articulates through line and measure. But understanding the meaning of its geometry requires the interaction of the inquirer with the form as dialogue. It is through participation with the form that the investigator rises to the level of understanding. The message of the Pyramid has always been apparent, but we have not been able to translate the language of its medium. The language required to decipher it will not be found in any book or dictionary in a library. But, with due diligence and using tools similar to ours, anyone could recover the same information we have found. The following pages introduce some of the idiom necessary for conversing with the Pyramid’s architectural ideas. Remarkably, once deciphered, the stones of the Pyramid will no longer be necessary. The stones chronicle information commensurate with the nearest pinecone or a blade of grass. Ultimately, this information is available to everyone, everywhere, here and now. But before the fact, the Pyramid will be both primer and directory. Read correctly, it will return us to the path we left eons ago. Ironically, the reading of this ancient model and the rediscovery of its attendant paradigm holds the key to the solution of many modern enigmas.

Three Pyramids in One

There are at least three Pyramids in the Great Pyramid: The physical Pyramid, a geometric Pyramid and an indicated Pyramid. Each is equally important in delivering the whole intent of the structure and each requires different tools to access its intended meaning. The “first” Pyramid is the actual physical structure of stone--the one tourists climb on and photograph--the Pyramid you will see when you go to Egypt. The “second” Pyramid is defined by its general form and the angles generated from perfect points of reference. This Pyramid does not exist--except in the mind of those who theorize about such things. It is the Pyramid of geometry--a perfectly balanced, idealized Pyramid -- one with an exactly square base and pointed apex or pyramidion. Literature is replete with speculation about the significance of the Pyramid’s geometry, and examples of how it incorporates pi, phi and other numerical constants. A “third” Pyramid is apprehended with another kind of seeing and the highest levels of intuition. The perception of this Pyramid requires both the physical and the geometric forms but goes beyond either: it is the projected Pyramid—created by the observer in the space indicated by the Pyramid’s geometry.

The simplest reading of the physical Pyramid requires cataloging the stones in terms of number and measure. Once the stony card catalog of the Pyramid is assembled, the dimensions of height, width and depth of each stone can be converted or translated into the metrology (measuring system) to which it relates. Through the filter of proper measure, the meaning of the stones will become apparent. The proper measuring system in the process of decoding we have referred to elsewhere as the Canon of measure. The Canon is significant in that it correlates universal cycles of many kinds: planetary periods, tidal cycles, field precession, earth magnetism, plant growth patterns, and human physiological cycles. The formulation of very long periodicities requires many, many generations of observation, but once recorded, anyone in any age can access the database and recognize the long term patterns.iii After measuring the individual stones, and cataloging the features of the whole Pyramid itself, we will ask: “What observations, events or phenomena do the stones represent?” “To what questions is the Pyramid the answer?”

Nothing Is Hidden

Contrary to the many commentaries on the Great Pyramid, we will affirm here that nothing in the Pyramid is concealed, hidden or secret. The enigma of the Pyramid in fact, resides more on the part of the observer than in the intention of the architect. The language of the Pyramid is at once precise and lyric. To penetrate its intended meaning one must perceive both science and art simultaneously. In the language of the Pyramid, the integration of number, geometry and metrology is so interrelated as to be holographic: one part seen clearly reveals the whole. But before reaching that perspective, many details must first come into focus. As a result, our exposition may appear round about and indirect, but as we progress the pieces of the puzzle and the logic of the Pyramid will become clearer and the message will unfold as self-evident. The world view of the designers of the Pyramid embraced the notion that every aspect of the world and the self ought to harmonize with the universal order. The finest instrument ever constructed by humankind reveals what is in us, in the largest sense. Everything recorded in the Pyramid is recorded within the human organism. We are the one thing. Through this paradox, the realization occurs: the solution to the Great Pyramid is not only in the stones, but also in us. By truly understanding the one, it is possible to understand all.

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For more information about how a metrology emerges out of the patterns and periodicities of natural events, refer to our article Saturn: Source of Measure

Our expedition begins with a remark from Herodotus, 4th Century, B.C.E. Greek historian. Herodotus is one of the earliest Western sources to report on the Pyramids and culture of Egypt, and he is notorious for making curious, whimsical and even outrageous statements in his accounts. In fact, Herodotus’ narratives earned him the conflicting titles, “Father of History,” and “Father of Liars,” causing much of his Histories to be taken with a grain of salt. For example, when in Egypt, Herodotus reports that the temple priests told him that the top of the Pyramid was built first, then the middle and lastly the part closest to the ground. Since a building is not constructed top to bottom, is this a lie or an inference? Based on numerous other illusive statements, it can be seen that Herodotus is using veiled language. Herodotus’ account is not about principles of engineering and construction. It is a disguised referent to the concept which drives the form of the Pyramid. “From the top-down” refers to the metaphysical notion of wholeness derived from the Pyramid’s form. In other words, the Pyramid is more than the sum of its parts. The “top” to which Herodotus’ refers is a perfect, idealized and non-existential realm--a sacred space that can only be indicated. As can be observed from a distance, the physical fact is that the Great Pyramid has no Pyramidion, apex or top.(Fig. 1) The dimensions of the Pyramid’s base do not geometrically support the extension and closure of an apex iv point. The physical structure itself was designed to be truncated at the 206 th course or level. Since the angles of the Pyramid are actually slightly skewed, a Pyramidal top is not an extension of the geometry of the actual physical Pyramid. The “top” of the Pyramid is an abstraction rendered from an idealized Fig. 1 geometry. It can only be conceptualized.

The inconclusive “top” of the Great Pyramid is neither missing nor lost. It is an important architectural space and geometric communication.

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See Appendix V This diagram shows the measurements of the lengths of the base sides of the Pyramid, each side a different length. These measures are derived from Flinders Petri’s survey and the measures are from the very corners of the four cornerstones. Every Pyramid study we have seen fails to take this uniqueness of length into account. Most authors average-out the lengths and produce identical lengths for the four sides. They contend that the Pyramid builders “meant” for the sides to be identical. This is the grossest of distortions.

The purity of the indicated space above the physical top of the Pyramid is not of this world. Each observer must recreate its idealized form. It is truly a sacred space--eternal, incorruptible, and timeless. But its latent potential must be supported in the world in order to be realized. The top is supported by the base; but the base is subservient to the top. In order to extrapolate the meaning of the non-existential top of the Pyramid, one must first understand the “bottom” or physical aspect of the structure. We look now to the physical Pyramid, for the function and meaning of its 206 stony courses, before returning to the initiating geometry of its top.

The layered courses are meant to be read in order, starting at the bottom of the Pyramid rising upward to the top. Each layer itself is also a consecutive ordering of stones around the Pyramid. The first course begins on the northeast corner. Observe in Fig. 2 the various heights of the Pyramid’s courses--some courses are measurably higher than others. The variations in the course heights are not unlike the thick and thin patterns seen in tree rings. (Fig. 3) On a day to day basis a tree biologically responds to its environment--every woody cell as it grows lays down in form its response to temperature, moisture, and dynamic changes. The tree is the living record of incremental environmental changes. Each ring is the Fig. 3 residual representation of a tree’s annual history. So sensitive is a tree to ambient environmental changes that a dendrochronologist can actually detect the tree’s registration of the sunspot cycle from the pattern of its successive rings. So too, a simple crystal. The crystal is an accretion of molecules solidified in time. (Fig. 4) Each molecule of the crystal registers all the complex phenomena acting upon it in the moment of its formation. Calcium molecules accumulated in a coral reef also have structure, recorded in time, as do the hair, nails and skin of our own bodies.
Fig. 4 Crystals form slowly over time, laid down molecule by molecule in formation.

Each is a living registry of cosmic history--Time in structure. So too, the courses of the Great Pyramid.

The priests of Egypt also told Herodotus that there was a well “inside” the Pyramid. We understand this veiled reference to mean not that the well was located within the Pyramid, but that the record of the variable depth of the well was “in” the Pyramid— recorded in the various heights of the stones of the 206 courses. Much like a tidal graph, each course of the Pyramid, one course per year, represents one year of records of the tidal fluctuation of the water. The fluxuation of the water level was taken daily from nearby Kephren’s Well behind the Sphinx. Though artificially constructed, the courses like tree rings and crystals represent a record of the Earth’s history in its solar, lunar and planetary environment. The influences and fluctuations experienced by the Earth during the particular 206-year period to which the Pyramid courses correspond, are minutely detailed by each stone’s placement and measure. The height of each stone and in turn each course, chronicles the successive events in 206 years of Earth’s history. Like tree rings, the individual courses of the Pyramid are a year’s record in structure--a static form representing the passage of time. (Fig. 5)

Fig. 6 The first course of stones is nearly 5 feet in height, above the platform, upon which the woman is walking.

Fig. 5 A page from D. Davidson listing the heights of the stone courses on the SW and NE corners.

Fig. 7 Diagram from Piazzi Smythe showing changes in sea level and the high and low levels of the Nile in 2170 BCE and 1865 AD.

Water: Universal Solution

Why would the measure of water be so important? Water is sensitive to motion. It changes in response to motion. Water registers the cumulative changes in a dynamic environment. As the tide in the sea, it responds to the total contribution of the Moon, the sun and planets, and also to the subtle but discernible v contribution of the Earth’s motion in space, its cosmodesic.
v Gravity is not attraction. Water in its fluidity is able to readjust to any changes in motion. Picture a glass of water tilting right. The left side climbs the right side of the glass. Because the Earth is participant in the celestial dance of all the planets and especially the proximity of the moon, the Earth’s motion or vector is constantly shifting. Water on the planet sloshes, as in the glass. The record of this shloshing is an apparent response to the conventionally called “attraction to a distant mass.” When the framework considerations are attended, it can be shown that what appears to be “attraction” is the result of Earth’s changing acceleration/deceleration relative to a constant cosmic increase in velocity. The notion of an “attraction” can only be supported by observation in a local setting. The failure to acknowledge the macrocosmic acceleration leads to an assumption of attraction. Although the discipline of contemporary science is committed to the notion of attraction, there has never been an adequate explanation for “gravity” as an “attractive force”. Framework manipulations, curved space or mathematical “displacements” of values attempting to explain attraction are finally unsatisfying. Worst of all, hypotheses about gravity fail to be adequately demonstrated. “Attraction” is not necessary in the dynamics suggested here. What can be shown, as relevant to all motion, is the expansion and acceleration of all local framework elements, toward the direction in which the star Regulus is located, i.e. the hidden attractor. This critical point is central to an ancient cosmology.

Kephren’s Well, (Fig. 8) located to the West of the Sphinx, is fed by Nile waters seeping through the semi-permeable limestone strata of the Giza Plateau. As the Nile ebbs and flows, so too the depth of water in Kephren’s Well. (That tidal effects are detectable in wells has been documented.) Variations in the level of the water can be correlated with adjustments in the earth’s motion due to the shifting positions of adjacent masses. As the Moon and planets parade in the space surrounding the Earth and as the Earth turns on its axis, the levels of the well are the response in time, to those changes. Beginning on a precise date, the depth of the water in Kephren’s Well was meticulously measured and recorded daily. A stone would later be formed to represent the record of the water-derived formula. Beginning on the northeast corner, the stones cycle in sequence— northeast to northwest, to southwest, then southeast and back to northeast, around the perimeter of the Pyramid. Each course represents one full year of tidal readings. Observe that the stones of the first course are individual, not uniform. They are Fig. 8 Map of the Giza Plateau showing not equal in height or length. location of Kephren’s Well in red. They gradually rise and decline in height by a very small but significant measure. (Surveys show that in the first course on the north side, approximately 760 feet, a variance of approximately 2cm was determined. This would correlate with the time period January, February and March of 2900 B.C.E.) From this pattern we can determine something about the overall harmonics and lunar components of the planetary family. The irregular height of the stone courses should correlate with other natural records formed during the 206-year period which the Pyramid represents. Growth patterns in coral reefs, core samples of glacial deposits, tree rings etc. formed or accumulated during this period will also have registered subtle variations in the celestial drama affecting their individual accretion. The elements of these various patterns we will recognize in a comprehensive harmonic analysis beginning with the date January 2, 2900 B.C.E.

January 2nd 2900 B.C.E

Although the Great Pyramid may have been built at a later date, it was designed to commemorate one particular moment in history. It is in fact a huge benchmark on the surface of the Earth and in the stream of time.

In surveyor’s language, a benchmark is a symbol placed on a permanent landmark that has a known coordinate position. A benchmark is used as a stationary reference point for determining the coordinates of other locations. The Great Pyramid functions in much the same way. But unlike the static benchmark of the surveyor, the Pyramid also functions as a working memorial to an important instant in time. Its shape, dimensions, and internal design communicate very specific information about where the Pyramid is located on the Earth and in the cosmos as well as in one single moment. That moment, we hold was January 2nd 2900 B.C.E., the beginning of the Great Pyramid’s story. At that moment, vi an invisible astronomical event was occurring. This event is alluded to in the Book of Job, Chapter 38. God asks Job, “Where wast thou…when the morning stars sang together and the sons of God shouted for joy?” On that day in 2900 B.C.E. not only did some of the planets appear as morning “stars,” but two celestial asterisks co-incided: astronomical perihelion, and magnetic orbital perihelion.

The Two Perihelions

Astronomical perihelion is the point in orbit when Earth is closest to the Sun, about 10 days after the winter solstice. It is a point derived from observation of the relationship between Earth, Sun and stars. It is also a changing or precessing point—inching around the zodiacal plane at a rate of about 1° in 72 years. The rigor of modern astronomy owes to the fixed frameworks of geographic latitude and longitude and its correspondence with the position of the stars. Modernly, events occurring both on Earth and in the heavens are plotted through the lens of the 24 hour grid of a mean solar day. Magnetic orbital perihelion on the other hand, is not a term currently recognized in astronomy and in fact, offers a radical addition to the modern astronomical point of view.

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In 1973 when I originally published this information in Voices In Stone, I was reasonably certain that the date for initiating the record keeping had to be celestially significant to stay in keeping with the overall purpose of coordinating many levels of astronomical timing: lunar, solar, and galactic. It seemed reasonable to suspect that a major planetary alignment would have heralded the moment. I based this intuition using data taken from the Neugebauer Tables—an astronomical catalog of planetary positions going back to 2500 BCE. After manually retrograding the planets’ coordinates back to what they would have been in 2900 BCE. I conjectured that Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn would have appeared in the eastern quadrant of the sky on January 2, 2900 BCE, causing them to be seen as “morning stars.” Since then however, computer generated data has provided more accurate positioning of the planets and I have revised this statement as it was not supported by the data. As often the case, the purging of this first hypothesis opened the way for deeper insight: I have since realized that the “morning stars singing together” heralded the occurrence of an even more significant event: the simultaneous alignment of two points of perihelion, that of the astronomical framework, and that of the magnetic orbital framework. From the zero point of this concurrence, so to speak, it would be possible to reference how far one framework had departed from the other. In 5,000, years due to precession, the two perihelions are today about 70° apart.

In a magnetically based system, events create the framework. Natural events ebb and flow and do not conform to the 24 hour day. The magnetic aspects of the dip and declination of the compass at a location in which an “event” takes place are a meaningful contribution to understanding that event in its totality. In a modern grid, the erratic performance of the weather, the tides, the migration patterns of organisms, the wandering of the pole and other phenomena are seen as anomalous. In a magnetic framework the plotting of such events becomes less capricious and more predictable. Magnetic attributes as we see it, belong to a larger framework which is continually moving, not only in response to Earth based influences, but to relationships of a cosmic order including the expansion and acceleration of the universe. We propose that a magnetically derived cosmology was part and parcel of the ancient science upon which the Pyramid builders drew. The details of this cosmological viewpoint are found elsewhere in our work. Suffice it to say here that the stones of the Pyramid themselves are testimony to its application. A third event, alluded to in mythology and other ancient sources but not yet confirmed in by modern astronomy, is the passage of the 12th planet across the plane of the galaxy. Information in the Great Pyramid conceives a solar family of 12 members. Although three more planets have yet to be discovered, their impact on Earth processes can be read in the level of the stone courses. The coincidence of these astronomical events would occur only once in eons of time—as in the Biblical allusion it was an occasion worthy of celebration--when “the sons of god shouted for joy”. This was also the perfect opportunity to begin the task of recording for posterity, the planetary choreography of the next 206 years. 206 years would include seven full cycles of the planet Saturn, a major player in the cosmology of the builders. 206 years represented by 206 courses in the Pyramid. The builders recognized that all biological and physical cycles, e.g., tides, weather patterns, etc., are affected by the Earth’s proximity to other bodies in the solar system. Knowledge of the movements of the planets through the heavens is key to understanding the cycles of the Earth. The outer planets move only a few degrees of arc per year in their orbits, but as the planets begin to converge in one area of the heavens the Earth begins to experience the increasing dynamic effects of the alignment. With several planets in the same quadrant of the heavens in 2900 B.C.E., it could be determined years later, just how far each had moved from this position during its cyclic path around the sun. The changes in the positions of those planets and hence their cumulative effect on Earth is recorded in the height of the first stone course of the Pyramid. The varying heights of each stone courses was derived from and correlated to the daily measurements of the water level in Kephren’s Well. The heights of the courses correspond, one course per year, with the varying orbital and dynamic influences of the moon and planets upon our Earth as reflected by the water table levels.

The effects of a powerful alignment in 2900 B.C.E., is observable in the first course of stones. When examined, it can be seen that the northeast corner, of the first course is the highest. This would indicate that the planets had their greatest affect on Earth during the beginning of the year 2900 B.C.E. Thereafter, as the 12th planet and others dispersed from their positions, the Earth experienced a declining dynamic interaction (gravitational impress.) The height of the stone courses progressively diminishes in accordance. The courses are like a huge card catalog in stone. We can go to any stone on any course, and identify the day, month and year between 2900 and 2694 B.C.E., which the stone represents. By invoking a simple formula, information about the position of the Earth in orbit, about the position of the moon, about the mean water level in Kephren’s Well at that time, and more can be extrapolated. This is what the courses are about. For example, the height of the first course indicates that the level of the Nile in 2900 B.C.E. was about two and a half feet above mean water table level. This indicates a tremendous increase in the average level of water especially considering it was spread out over the entire area of the Nile River Valley. Quite plainly, a planetary alignment made a significant contribution to the Earth—but we may be sure that just as the stone courses in the Pyramid decline in height, the effects of this alignment likewise came about gradually and declined.

Fig. 9 North side of the Pyramid showing remaining Casing Stone and remnant of the platform upon which people are walking.

The first course of stones is laid upon a platform of limestone. (Fig. 9) Originally, four cornerstones were fitted into four rectangular “sockets” (cavities), carved out of the native rock. (Fig. 10) Architecturally and symbolically the Pyramid was locked to the earth by these four corner sockets which extend out of its foundation and link the Pyramid to the earth. (Fig. 11) Each socket extends downward through the pavement, each to a different depth below the Pyramid’s base. The cornerstones fit into the sockets and the Pyramid conceptually “rests” upon them. By graphing the depths of the sockets a pattern emerges. (Fig. 12)

Fig.12 A universal “pattern” corresponding to the depths of the corner sockets below the pavement.

Since the cornerstones were plundered long ago, only empty sockets remain. Fortunately, no essential information is missing--empty spaces cannot be stolen. It is the geometry of the spaces the stones occupied which contains the important information. This pattern corresponds to the average cycle of the tides, to the various energy states of the electron, even to the pattern of the normal heartbeat recorded by the electrocardiograph. When translated into days, the measure of the depths of the four corner sockets closely resemble the various periods of viii time associated with human biological rhythms. Though treated mostly as conjecture it is interesting none the less, that the ebb and flow of bio-rhythms correlate to this pattern. Cheops is grounded in the most fundamental aspects of Nature, just as we humans are rooted to the earth by our biological cycles and rhythms. This is the first indication that the Great Pyramid is indeed a model of man. The message is: Man is “locked” to the earth through his biology and that biology is cosmically correlated with his planetary evolution. This is the primary understanding.
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Where in the Universe Are We?

The Pyramid courses detail the record of Earth’s local response to astronomical influences over a 206-year period. Millennia of prior observations were necessary to amass the extraordinary base of astronomical information indicated by the various features of the stones. Generations of observers were also needed to compile the 206-year record of water levels, which became the database for the course heights. Constructed as a cosmic marker for future generations, the Pyramid had to incorporate a reference to the largest framework possible. Several celestial coincidents, made the year 2900 B.C.E. even more memorable. To appreciate the precision with which the Pyramid is aligned with those events, some celestial orientation is required.
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Regarding the measurements of the four corner sockets translated into the graph above in Fig. 12: All natural cycles and rhythms have a form quite similar to this idealized graph. If we identify it with the tides then the 23 inch SW cornerstone is correlated with the plus high tidal phase, the 39.9 inch SE correlates with the low-low phase, the 28.5 inch depth of the NE with the minus-high phase and the 32.8 inch depth of the NW to the plus-high phase as shown. The chart depicts a universal mean of all cycles. In reality every cycle departs from this universal mean and this departure is what the stone courses and heights detail in fact.
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The measurements and geometry of each corner socket can be related to the four psychological aspects in man which Carl Jung names the intuitive (which would correspond to the NE corner), the intellectual or thinking, (NW), the feeling or emotional (SW), and the relational or sensate (to the SE cornerstone). This same systematic complements the four directions of the Indian Medicine Wheel—North, intuition; East, interrelationships; South, passion and will; West, thinking and introspection. It is also complemented by the astrological attributes of water, air, fire and Earth. Note: There is also a fifth socket located very close to the Southeast corner within the perimeter of the base. The timbre of its geometry relates to the wood of the I Ching and also to Jung’s notion of synchronicity in psychology. The geometry of the corner sockets themselves is a textbook of psychology. The rendering of that model is beyond the scope of this present general exposition and will be elucidated in a future publication.

To the medieval world, long after the age of the Pyramids, Earth was pictured as the center of the universe. All else revolved around us. In time, as celestial bodies failed to perform as predicted, one picture concept replaced another. Humankind’s viewpoint expanded and an earth-centered framework gave way to a sun-centered system. Today (even though there are unreconciled difficulties in our modern cosmology) the sphere or vault of the heavens is conventionally viewed from any of the three following perspectives, each successively larger than the last. The first framework is oriented in relation to the Earth’s rotation every 24 hours on its axis, the imaginary line or pole pointing in the direction of the then north polar referent position. (Modernly that position is now near Polaris, which we call the North Star.) If this framework were part of our address in the universe, it would be used to give us our position here on Earth. The second framework or picture concept has the Earth and planets revolving around the Sun along a great nearly flat plane called the ecliptic. It takes Earth one year to circuit the path of the ecliptic. If this framework were used as part of our address in the cosmos, it would be used to designate what season or part of the orbit around the Sun, Earth was in at any particular time. The third and largest part of our address has to do with the position of the whole solar system in the galaxy—the Milky Way—a vast spiraling mass of stars and systems rotating on its axis once every 226 million calendar years. A marker on Earth designating this relationship would have to include an architectural feature aligned with a distant celestial point. As alignment with a heavenly asterisk would wane over time, the amount of departure from the initial position could be observed, and the timing of its return calculated by extrapolation. 5,000 years ago the builders knew where on the Earth the Pyramid was located, where in the solar system AND where in the galaxy. The design and position of the Great Pyramid indicate that the architect of Cheops utilized all three of the above frameworks and one other. This fourth framework is a living, moving, changing framework. It is simultaneously the largest framework we can conceive ix and the most immediate. It is determined magnetically.

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From here on our use of the term “magnetic” will have a special and non-conventional definition. The observation of the plus and minus activities of the magnet will be expanded from a local to a universal viewpoint. As we see it, the conventional terms of “attraction” and “repulsion” are provincial notions sustained by local (meaning close-up) observation. When the factor of time is given its proper place in experimental equations it will be seen that “attraction” is a misnomer. It would be more accurate to state that objects, when seen in the continuum of time, in an expanding and accelerating universe, become more closely aligned in their cosmodesic path. One object does not cause another to move toward it. Rather, both moving independently but in the same vector, converge. The knowledge of magnetics cannot be considered separate of the affects of time and motion and when understood properly the modern difficulty of the lack of reconciliation between the strong, weak, electrical and gravitational forces will be resolved. This central aspect of an ancient science is addressed else where in our work.

Our thesis presumes that the missing link between the science of today and that of the Pyramid’s designers (and other ancient architects) is the knowledge and use of a magnetic framework. The implications create as radical a shift in outlook as was Copernicus’ to Ptolemy’s. The magnetic value of a location is integral to the selection of sites chosen as sacred in earliest times. Monuments were linked with the heavens by astronomical alignments and to the Earth by identification with their magnetic orientation. Modernly this orientation is defined as the magnetic dip and declination of the Earth’s magnetic field. The dip and declination values of any location are constantly progressing westward, in respect to the geographic coordinates of the magnetic pole. Ancient monuments like the Pyramid, incorporated in their design, element reflecting their magnetic orientation. Years later, the dating of the monument could be retrospectively approximated by measuring the progression of the magnetic grid relative to the fixed geographic grid. Although conventionally little is understood about the earth’s magnetism we are confident that what we are suggesting can be demonstrated empirically and will be seen to be at the core of the science which produced the Great Pyramid. Without going into great detail here, we can begin to observe some very interesting things about the Earth’s magnetic field by looking at a magnetic grid of the Earth as identified on a modern magnetic dip map (Appendix VII) and declination map (Appendix VI). Unlike the even, geometrical lines of geographic latitude and longitude, magnetic dip lines are curved and wiggly. See Fig. 13 below.

The wavy lines of dip latitude represent the angle at which a magnetized, balanced needle hangs with respect to the vertical at any location. From our position here in Santa Rosa, California, the angle of “dip” is presently about 62o.

Santa Rosa shares the same magnetic dip latitude as Cape Kennedy, Florida, even though our geographic latitudes are quite different. Likewise, Seattle shares the same dip latitude as Washington, D.C. and Edinburgh, Scotland. Each has quite different geographic latitudes. The lines join locations that are connected by the performance of the dip needle. Geographic coordinates are a geometric construct applied over the map of the land. Although functionally useful in coordinating location and clock time, latitude and longitude are imaginary; they don’t exist, nor are they derived from natural occurrences. Magnetic latitudes are determined by compiling and charting individual readings of a magnetic “dip” needle. The dip needle responds to the effects of the magnetic field at its location. Things “happen” in magnetic coordinates. Natural phenomena like the movement of the jet stream, migration paths of birds, animals and insects seem to occur along magnetic latitudes. This observation leads us to believe that all living organisms are basically magnetic beings--that birds, worms, fishes and people are sensitive to subtle changes in magnetic orientation. Beyond being merely sensitive to magnetism, we hope to demonstrate scientifically that Nature, on a grand scale, is organized magnetically. We are magnetic beings living on a magnetically oriented planet in a magnetically interacting universe. The ancients were attuned to this and included the knowledge of their magnetic bearings in their architecture and in their astronomy. For example, the rate of the astronomical precession of the equinoxes is about 71.7 years per degree. We suggest that this value can also be associated with the progression of the Earth’s magnetic field. By rotating the Earth’s magnetic field back at the rate of 71.7 years per degree to account for precession, we would find that nearly 5,000 years ago, the magnetic dip reading on the Giza Plateau in Egypt would have been about 51°51′14″. x 51°51′14″ is a magical angle. It is a nexus of pure math and Fig. 15 geometry--a point where magnetics geographics synchronistically coincide.

Fig. 14

and

For example: treating Cheops as a geometrically perfect Pyramid (which for important reasons it is not) and slicing it from the top so as to intersect the middle of two opposite sides, (Fig.14 ) we can extract a plane triangle with two angles of 51°51′14″ at its base. The third angle is 76°17′32″ at the apex. (Fig.15 ) This angle, or the “top” of the Pyramid, read as geographic latitude, coincides with the latitude of the Earth’s magnetic pole. The designer of the Pyramid, in making Cheops a model of the earth, utilized both geographic and magnetic systems and must have had precise knowledge of where both the geographic and magnetic poles were located.
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Theoretically, the exact angle to fulfill the perfect mathematical Canon value ° would be 51 51′ 01.175″. A difference of less than 12″.

By not finishing the Pyramid to a point at the top, the architect provided the observer with an opportunity to participate in his Art—to participate in the discovery of the unseen, and to participate in completing the Pyramid. Just as a good teacher provides context to lead the student to discover his own answers, the architect left all the indications necessary for the observer/participant to carry his experience of the Pyramid one step further. By not forcing a closure at the top of Cheops, the architect gave us a truly sacred space from which to appreciate that the perfect cannot be consigned to the realm of the tangible world, but it can be implied conceptually. To complete the Pyramid we must first square off the base and extend the slope angle of 51° 51′ 14″ to its geometric apex. By doing so, the Fig. 16 Completing the geometry to the missing top is created. We can fulfill empty space at the top of the Pyramid. that which is not, by projecting that which is indicated by pattern. (Fig. 16) Another meaningful co-incident surfaces when one face (side) of the Pyramid is taken as a plane triangle. (Fig.17) The two base angles are 58.17° 5817 is also the number of inches from the base to the apex—484+ feet to the theoretical “top” of the Pyramid (which exists only in perfect geometry). A second synchronicity is exposed when it is noticed that if the height of the Pyramid as 484.84 feet is reduced to .0000048484—it is also the mathematical representation for the tangent of one second of arc, the smallest unit of angular measure. Cheops, the largest structure in the world simultaneously incorporates in its height, the smallest unit of Earth measure. The juxtaposition of the macro with the micro, and the eternal with the instantaneous is a signature characteristic of the Pyramid’s designer.
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Fig. 17

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Recall that our use of the term “inch” is a special case. However for the ease of the reader we will continue to refer to this special unit as an inch. The Canon Inch of the ancient builder integrates time and the performance of the pendulum. Albeit, our inch approximates the conventional inch in length, but the Canon Inch is categorically quite distinct. It is the unit which harmonizes all metrological divergences. More detail can be found on our article, Saturn: Source of Measure

The Pyramid juxtaposes the physical with that which is beyond the physical. The physical Pyramid with its 206 courses is not symmetrical because it is a representation of the physical world and 206 years of real earth history. The physical world is not symmetrical; it is mutable, variable and subject to the vagaries of time. Nature wiggles and dances and is in a state of constant process and change. The Pyramid, to be an accurate model of man and Earth, had to have a provision for that which is beyond itself and in the process of becoming. The stone courses of Cheops are about its history, but the “top” of the Pyramid represents its growing edge-- the potentiality of the entire structure.

Fig.18

A few casing stones remain on the North side at the base.

The Casing Stone Mantle

The architect provided for the indelibility of the Pyramid in several ways. First by having the face of every casing stone, over 22 acres of them, inscribed with the ° angle of the Pyramid: 51 51′14″. Secondly the bottoms of the four corner stones were set at various depths below the platform in sockets (cavities) carved out of the bedrock upon which the Pyramid rests. If the corner stones were removed (and they were) the sockets would remain. Empty space cannot be stolen. The geometry of each corner socket though empty, indicates the total number of cubic feet which the corner stone would physically occupy. The remnants indicate what was intended. Likewise, had every stone of every course of Cheops been removed and nothing remained, with just one single casing stone and the knowledge of the four corner positions, the outer geometry of the entire Pyramid could be reconstructed.

By creating a model which extends beyond the corporeal world and placing the information in a form that could not be destroyed, the architect succeeded in designing an enduring statement. Did he anticipate the decay of civilization that would eventually permit the plundering of the greatest structure ever built? Might he have foreseen that the once perfect outer casing stones enclosing the exterior of the Pyramid would be quarried centuries later to build the palaces and shrines of Cairo? We can suggest that the architect elected not to make the casing stones interlocking, that he anticipated the inevitable decline of civilization, and that he foresaw a time when the polished casing stones would attract the predatory nature of a less reverent society. The architect also provided a future solution for those who would lose the continuity of knowledge with the past. Once the smooth outer surface of the Great Pyramid was pillaged, the raw data for a science was uncovered. The limestone courses, the 206 years of records beneath the casing contain the information that could lead humanity back to an attitude of harmony and integration with the planet. Ironically, on one level the despoiling of the casing was a raping of the Pyramid. On another, it was fertilization. The act of defiling Cheops by penetration of its mantle actually exposed the dormant knowledge available in its courses. By stripping the casing, another aspect of the Pyramid was revealed--the Pyramid would take on new life, new meaning and new purpose. Removing the mantle was like opening the doors to a sealed library. The contents therein could potentially spark the generation of a new civilization. Learning to read from that library is our task.
Fig. 19 Early drawing depicting smooth casing stones among the rubble.

“The upper portion of the Pyramid was finished first, then the middle, and finally the part which was lowest and nearest the ground.” –Herodotus As discussed previously, the “upper portion” of the Pyramid meaning its nonexistent Pyramidion, informs the “lower” Pyramid. It is the container of the metaphysical levels, the perfected information and the potential of the physical Pyramid. The middle portion, the courses of stone and the inner chambers catalog the realm of the celestial world--the cycles, rhythms and harmonics of the various members of the solar family. The lowest portion nearest the ground including the corner sockets and chambers carved out of bedrock, infers the most elemental patterns of the Earth’s body itself. Characterized by an idealized wave motif, we recognize the profile of the socket depths as the patterns of the human heartbeat, the ebb and flow of the tides and the four levels of the electron in relation to its primary, etc. Again Herodotus’ statement does not address principles of engineering, but the theoretical perspective necessary to animate the design of the building before it was built. The initiation of the stone Pyramid begins with understanding the space that would be occupied beyond the 206th course—the space of the metaphysical Pyramidion. In order to place the smallest details of the Pyramid in proper order, the largest view is necessary. To reiterate, the sacred can only be indicated. The sacred must be beyond corruption and the limitations of the corporeal. But the virtue of the space above the Pyramid is intimately connected to the nature of the physical Pyramid, its body of stone. Without the integrity of the base, the purity of the top would not be available to us. In order to be directed by one’s potential, or by an organizing power beyond the physical, one must be both grounded in the physical (understanding) and open to his or her “higher” levels (intuition). While standing on the top of the Pyramid, supported by the 206 courses below, we may entertain the realm of the impossible, unlimited and perfect domain above. The geometry of the top demonstrates the virtuosity of the ideological. When contemplating the whole Pyramid, there are at least three categories of information to consider. The first reading uses the measures taken literally and xii precisely. Numerous engineers, astronomers and scholars have devoted lifetimes to measuring and documenting the various and complex features of the
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Pyramid. This literal level informs us most about the 206-year period, which the Pyramid reports. The individual measures of the stones relate to specific periods of time. For example, the actual dimensions of the sides of the base are not equal nor are they square. However, the side lengths taken literally, as they are actually measured, do have meaning. If the perimeter of the base intends the year, then one side represents one quarter of the year. We noticed that the four sides of the Pyramid are not exactly the same. But neither are the quadrants of the solar orbit. Each is proportionately different. The four side lengths of the base represent the four quadrants of the year—winter, spring, summer, fall. The builders were not in error, they were precise. Because the irregular sides of the base do not in fact permit the closure to a perfect Pyramidion at the apex of the Pyramid, another fascinating detail emerges out of the precision of its design. For example: Imagine viewing the Pyramid from the top course, down, as from an aerial photograph. Superimpose the square of the top course and a slight incongruity of alignment can be detected. The corners of the two bases are slightly skewed. Looking down from the top, a tiny but perceptible spiraling of the corners can be reckoned—about 251′.666. What is the inference? In 206 courses, the builder accounted for the amount of precession in 206 years. At approximately one degree of precession per 72 years, we would expect a divergence of 2.86111 or 251′.666.— the amount the top platform is rotated from the base. The rigor is in the details. (Fig.20) The second category of reading the Pyramid utilizes those intuited or perfect measures and angles indicated by the physical. The character of this information is mathematical and geometric; it can represent the eternal, mechanical and unchanging relationships of pi and phi, circle to square, etc. The interpretations of historical xiii Pyramidologists on this level, are numerous and interesting. Their findings will not be reiterated here, as their publications are plentiful elsewhere. What we are introducing is not based on those standard models and geometries. A simple illustration from our own observations:
Fig. 20 Slight twist in the alignment of the corners of each course indicating precession.
Exaggerated for illustration.

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Edgar, Davidson and Aldersmith, Taylor, Greaves, Newton and many others.

In a perfect case, the completed height of the Pyramid to the top of the unmanifested Pyramidion would be 484.83168111 feet. This number read trigonometrically as 0.0000048483168111, is the number of the tangent of one arc second of the circle. Another example: the height of the Pyramid to the top of the 206th course (456.4375 feet) intuitively corresponds to the same “number” but of inches in one half the base side: 4564.375”. The part indicates the whole. In the rarefied space of the theoretical top, numbers can only indicate. One number may point to many possibilities, although none exactly. The empty space is such a place. A third category, which we will explore, integrates the conceptual with the dynamics of the physical world. From this approach we collect the knowledge gained intuitively from the sacred space and reintroduce it back into the dynamic world. This approach uses the data of the moment in its formulation. It utilizes both the detail of the actual and the extrapolation of the indicated. Here the inquirer must actively engage with the measures. The measures suggest averages, but it is up to the observer to extrapolate the implication of the average or mean reading to present time. Knowledge of the instant is what we are seeking. What is happening right now? What influences are acting upon us? In what direction are we headed? The simplest, most responsive instrument to the vagaries of the moment is the pendulum. The pendulum is the most direct expression of this moment. It is the applied key. The one-second pendulum drives the Pyramid’s geometry and is the source of the Pyramid’s metrology. Historically, conventional metrology has correlated length relative to its utility in forming space and distance, i.e. volume and linear measure. Entering into new territory, we propose that the original Pyramid metrology also invoked the dimension of Time: that metrology emerged from the correlation of units of length with the time of swing of the length as a pendulum. By using a functioning pendulum, a unit of length could be exercised to indicate a unit of time. The use of this simple device confirms that other dimensions of information were encoded in the architectural dimensions of the Pyramid. Any length may simultaneously represent a distance and a period of time. This single factor is the most significant achievement of the ancient builder, and the most overlooked criterion of modern archeology. In every metrological observation the question ought to be asked, “What is the timing and Time of this measure?”

By using time as the fundamental dynamic of metrology, a proper unit of measure becomes oracular. It is no coincidence that the number of inches in the base perimeter of the Great Pyramid divided by 100 represents the number of xv days in the year. Nor that the height in feet to the theoretical top of the Pyramid is the same number divided by 100 million as the number of the tangent xvi of one second of arc. The Pyramid simultaneously symbolizes one year, one xvii xviii xix second of arc , one rotation of the galaxy, and one second of time The introduction of the one-second pendulum, gives new meaning to the definition of the inch. When time is inserted into the equation, controversies surrounding lengths and measures, become less tenable. Regarding sacred measure, units of length are no longer arbitrary nor historically derived. They are time dependent. Time becomes the initiating factor, not culture. All dimensions appeal to time. The inch used in the Pyramid is not exactly the conventional inch used today— but very close. Close enough for conversation. However, the quality of the inch used in the Pyramid is vastly distinct. When critics protest, “The Egyptians didn’t have the inch!” They are both correct and mistaken. Actually it is we who
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Ancient Arabic saying. The perimeter of the Pyramid at base level is 36515 inches.

The height to the theoretical apex of the Pyramid would be 484.8 feet. The tangent of one second of arc is .000004848136.
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The Remen (17.47572816”), one form of the cubit, is part of the geometry of the SW corner. As the length of a rectangular space on the edge of the socket, it is found “outside” the Pyramid. The rectangle extends to the edge of the sloping stone of bedrock on the edge and borders the perimeter line of the Pyramid’s base on the side. This rectangle has a width of one Remen. We call this geometry “The Keystone”. It is located outside the Pyramid and unlocks the stones within. The number of the Remen is also associated with the planet Mercury, an important element of the system. One divided by the Remen x 1000 is 57.22222. Taken as days this signifies the rotation period of Mercury. The degrees in the circle divided by the number of the Remen is the number of the common cubit as inches: 360  17.47572816 = 20.6 inches. The Remen number x 10 is the number of years it takes the galaxy to rotate through one second of arc: 174.7572816 years.
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Years in one rotation of the galaxy, 223 million Cannon years (360 days/year) divided by 100 = 2.23 million stones in Cheops approximately.
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The length of the base side of the pyramidion is 43.56127497 feet. 43.56127497 = 1897.584677 square feet in the base of the pyramidion. The indicated height of the pyramidion is 27.70787383 feet. Using these dimensions to find cubic volume, (square of base x height divided by 3) we derive a cubic volume for the pyramidion of 17526.01227 cubic feet. The natural logarithm of this volume is 9.771441472 = The number of inches in a one second pendulum. The initiation of the perfect top is derived from the length in inches of the 1-second pendulum. Note also that the number of feet on the base side of the pyramidion x 12 = 522.7352997 inches. The common logarithm of this number is 2.718281828, the base of natural logarithms.

do not possess the inch nor the requisite knowledge of time, with the same magnitude possessed by the Pyramid builders. It cannot be said where the inch came from-- what comes down to us modernly is a variety of units from many cultures with multiple applications loosely or obscurely related. We are proposing that the metrology (science of measure) of the Great Pyramid originated from a single genus and that all the measures derived from a single harmonious system. In this system all units inter-relate cohesively--not randomly, not arbitrarily. Each is abstracted from phenomena observed in the Natural order as process. It can be affirmed that the Canon inch which we use (and its complement the Canon centimeter) is the only unit that precipitates the fusion of nature and mathematics with geometry. In “heaven”, where metrology is the pure instrument of the “gods”, each unit of measure refers to an event in the universe. In this heavenly or metaphysical realm, any single unit is a portal to any other unit because all units access the one thing. In a perfect metrology the one and the all are simultaneous. The smallest is synchronous with the largest. But in an imperfect world, perfection is but closely approximated. The universe of being is always subject to change and deformation. The application of the perfect to the sensible world is used only as a measure of departure from the pure. Hence we arrive at terms like the mean solar day or the mean sidereal day. There is no such day in actuality—all the days are slightly different—but we can gage by the standard figure of the mean, how any single day varies. 1440 minutes of the mean solar day is a perfect metrological/astronomical application. The day of today, is something else, maybe more minutes, maybe less. Nonetheless, we recognize in number form, the indicator of the number of minutes in the mean solar day: 1440. Because we are not inventing but re-covering this metrology, it is complex to expose the linear derivation of a single unit. The measures seem incestuous in their inter-relatedness, but by circumnavigating we can suggest the direction from which they seem to derive.

A Second from the Heart

Our premise is that all units of measurement are derived from human physiology. The rhythms and cycles of the body are an expression of cosmic process. ( See Saturn: Source of Measure. Necessary to this discussion is the presupposition that the builders utilized the 360-degree circle and its attendant hours, minutes and seconds of sexigesimal notation.) Metaphorically speaking, the balanced or authentic “heart” of an evolved individual, beats 60 cycles per minute. The “true heart” presumes the second of time. During one second of time, the rotation of the earth will have progressed

through 1500 Canon feet of arc on the equator. (Notice how we jumped from a small unit, one second, to a large unit, the Earth’s equator, and from time to linear measure.) When the heart beats 3.4418888 times the earth will have rotated through 5,162.8333 feet on the equator. This distance and time relate to the duration of one completed breath. (5,162.83333 feet is also 50.9009 seconds of arc on the equator. Celestially 50.90 represents the number of seconds of arc the equinoxes precesses in one year.) In one day of the sacred year of 360 days, there would be 25,461.6 breaths. Astronomically this is the same as the number of sacred years in the precessional cycle of the equinoxes: 25,461.6 sacred years. (By the calendar this translates to 25,825.8+ Earth/solar years.) One can only marvel at the congruence of such a system and at the length of time which would be required to gather and calculate such observations.

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87636: Following the Line of Synchronicity

 Using the perfect heart beat as the second of time, there would be 87,636 heart beats in one sacred day.  In the sacred year (360 days of 24hr 20min 36sec) there are 8,763.6 hours.  In the precessional cycle of 25,825.8 calendar years, there are 876.36 orbits of the planet Saturn. (The relevance of Saturn or Kronos figures strongly in the whole system. Refer to sections Saturn: Source of Measure and New Perspectives on the Great Pyramid Part II: The Well Tempered Solar System.)  In one rotation of the galaxy, there are 8763.6 precessional cycles.

36515 and The Great Book of Earth Measures

The equator can be likened to a great book, as the largest earthbound figures reside in its circumference. The following Canon designations will manifest in several forms throughout our discourse, sometimes removed by decimal places, sometimes veiled by the filter of other units of measure. The physical base of the Pyramid, 36,515 inches, is a magical number. Divided by 100 and taken as sexigesimal it would be 365.15 or 365 and ¼ representing 365 and ¼ days of the calendar year. The figure of 365.15 will be used as the Pyramid referent for the calendar year from here on. The base, representing the year, can be divided by many numbers reflecting meaningful values: For example:  The Pyramid represents a model of the Earth. The circumference of the xxi Earth by Pyramid reckoning is 131,454,000 Pyramid feet . The Pyramid’s perimeter, 36,515 inches or 3,042.91666 feet, is exactly one half minute of arc on the Earth’s equator.
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The conventional figure is approximately 1521+/- feet Earth’s rotation at the equator in one second of time. The Canon figure of 1500 feet derives from 1521.451  . Using 1500 ft/sec yields an Earth circumference of 25,000 Canon miles of 5258.16 feet per mile.
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The Clarke Spheroid is approximately 24,901 miles of 5280 feet or 131,481,141.7 feet. A difference of about 5 miles in the total circumference, when compared to the Canon figure of 25,000 miles of 5258.16 ft/mile

The wedding of geometry with astronomical time evolves the number of calendar days in Earth’s year (365.15) to its sacred counterpart of 360 days/degrees. By xxii applying , the transformational ratio of 1.014305555 to 365.15, the Earth and whole solar family become available to proportionate timing, and many unobserved synchronicities between the planets are revealed. 1.014305555 is the transformational constant referred to as , introduced in the articles, Saturn: Source of Measure and reiterated in New Perspectives on the Great Pyramid Part II: The Well Tempered Solar System  The base (36515) divided by the number of heart beats in one breath (3.441888 mentioned above) yields the number 10,609—the orbit of Saturn in sacred days.  36515  25 = 1460.6 the number of minutes in the sacred day of 24 hours 20 minutes and 36 seconds.  365.15 days x 1440 the number of minutes in the mean solar day = 525816 minutes in one sacred year. 525816  100 = 5258.16 the number for the feet in the Canon mile. 525816 in its many forms is another regular in the lineup of ancient measures which doubles both as a linear notation and as a time indicator. As 5.25816 + 360 = a suitable representation for the astronomical/solar year of 365.25816 days.  The significance of 5258.16 emerges definitively when it is observed that during the time that it takes a 10 foot pendulum to beat once, the planet has rotated through 5258.16 feet or 1 Canon mile on its equator. Using Canon measures, at the equator the earth’s circumference would have:  25,000 miles. (5258.16 feet/mile) In scale this number corresponds to the Sacred Cubit of 25 inches.  1,577,448,000 Canon inches.  131,454,000 feet.  200,000 Furlongs (657.27feet/furlong) xxiii  101.430555 feet to the second of arc. See that divided by 100 = . xxiv  6085.8333 feet to the minute of arc. xxv  69.4444 miles to one degree of arc.  21,909,000 Fathoms (6 feet/fathom

Near the southwest cornerstone on the base of the Pyramid Smythe observed a “chiseled” line 74+ inches in length. It intersects with the slopping edge of carved stone which extends to the west a length of 17.47572816 inches. 17.47572816 used as a divisor of the Pyramid’s perimeter 36515, yields the number of hours in the orbit of the planet Mercury 2089.469444 hours in xxvi Mercury’s orbit.  The reciprocal of 17.47572816 x 1000 = 57.22222, the number of sacred xxvii Earth days (360/year) it takes Mercury to rotate 360 degrees.


 17.47572816 x 10 is also the number of years it takes to rotate the galaxy 1 degree of arc. As a unit, 17.47572816 inches unlocks many ancient Hebrew temple artifacts. It is a significant measure and appears frequently in Egyptian astronomical and architectural configurations. We consider it a viable candidate for the lost Hebrew Remen.

“A Labyrinth Surpassing the Pyramids”

Before proceeding to the King’s Chamber we direct our attention once again to the reports of our friend Herodotus. In Book II Euterpe, Herodotus tells of the wondrous complex of Pyramids and temples he saw in Egypt. He tells us that details of the Egyptian mysteries “shall not pass his lips” and that he will divulge only as much as can be done “without impiety “ and “only when compelled to do so by the course of the narrative.” Having promised the temple priests not to reveal all that he had been told his whole account is rich in metaphor, allusion and veiled references. In Section 148, he describes how the Pyramids “surpass description and are equal to a number of the greatest works of the Greeks, but the Labyrinth surpasses the Pyramids.” This Labyrinth has “12 roofed courts with gates exactly opposite one another, six looking north and six to the south.” He goes on to say that a single wall surrounds the entire building and that there are two different sorts of chambers throughout—“half underground, and half above ground, the later built upon the former; the whole number of these chambers is 3000 in all.” Herodotus himself saw the “upper” chambers and “found them to excel all other human productions.” He continues, “The passages through the houses, and varied windings of the paths across the courts excited me in infinite admiration as I passed from the courts into chambers, and from the chambers into
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36515  17.47572816 = 2089.469444 hours in Mercury’s orbit. As 20.89469” this is also one length of the two length segments found on the southwest corner of the Northeast Socket. The other length is 25 inches, the sacred cubit. The two lengths multiplied together (25 X 20.8946944 = 522.367361) of which 2.717976033 is the common logarithm and an acceptable e correspondence to the base of natural logarithms: 2.718281828. xxvii Said differently: When Mercury rotates through one degree of its circumference, Earth has rotated 57.2222. (During this same interval, Venus will have rotated through 14.30555 minutes of arc of its circumference. 14.30555 + 1000  1000 = 1.01430555 or )

colonnades, and from colonnades into fresh houses, and again from these into courts unseen before. The roof was throughout of stone, like the walls; and the walls were carved all over with figures; every court was surrounded with a colonnade which was built of white stones exquisitely fitted together. At the corner of the Labyrinth stands a Pyramid, forty fathoms high, with large figures engraved on it, which is entered by a subterranean passage.” Of the “lower” chambers he could only speak from report, since the “keepers could not be got to show them since (as he was told) they “contained the sepulchers of the kings who built the Labyrinth.” The Labyrinth is also a representation of the heavens, the 12 houses of the zodiac, and the division of the sphere into degrees, minutes and seconds. Of the two different sorts of chambers, half above ground (corresponding to the night sky) and half below ground (corresponding to the day) Herodotus could only observe those above ground. The single wall “surrounding” the entire building we take as the equator. The “Pyramid on the corner 40 fathoms high” is entered by a “subterranean” passage. What is this Pyramid? What does it represent? We know it has “large figures engraved on it”, so the number will be a large one. Since the Pyramid is at the “corner” of the labyrinth and its height is given in fathoms, let us take one-fourth of the earth’s circumference, a large figure, in fathoms: 21909000 fathoms in equator = 5477250. 4 We now recognize this number: 5477250  1000= 5477.250 as inches to the 206th course of Cheops Pyramid. For the “subterranean passage” we take the reciprocal of 5477.25 times 2 times x 10,000: 1 = 1.825733717 x 2 = 3.651467 x 10,000 = 36514.67 inches, 547725 36514.67 inches closely approximates the number corresponding to both the base of Cheops and the number of the solar year. The Pyramid is “entered” at its perimeter.  The “wall which surrounds the entire building” may also be seen as the seconds of arc in the circle: 1,296,000. Herodotus says the Labyrinth is divided into 3,000 chambers, thus: 1,296,000 = 432 3,000
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432 is a frequent referent in ancient writings: the Hindu cycle of the Kali Yuga is 432,000 years long. Both Persian and Biblical mythology, evoke 432. “His days shall be as 120 years.” 360 x 120 = 43200.

 See that “half of the chambers are above ground." One half of the number of seconds in the mean solar day is 43200.  432 x 100 is also the ratio of the base of the Pyramid to the equator:  1,577,448,000 inches in circumference 36,515 inches perimeter of Cheops = 43200

 The Tremenos Wall surrounding the Great Pyramid is 43,200 inches in length.  The square root of .432 is .657267069 which, times 1000, is a close approximation to the Canon furlong of 657.27 feet.  To find Herodotus “Pyramid on the corner 40 fathoms high, entered by a subterranean passage” convert Cheops’ height to the top of 206th course, from inches to fathoms. Cheops is 5477.2” in height. There are 72 inches in one fathom. 5477.2 = 76.072238 Cheops’ height would be 76.072238 fathomsxxix. 72 Even though there is no Pyramid 40 fathoms high on the Giza Plateau, let’s find the ratio between Herodotus’ and Cheops Pyramids: 40 fathoms of Herodotus = .525816 76.072238 fathoms of Cheops Shifting the decimal we again find 5258.16 the ancient Canon designation for both the number of feet in the mile and as 525816 the number of minutes in the sacred year. Entering the Pyramid by a “subterranean passage” connotes
xxix

76.072238 x 10 is 760.72238. The number 760.72238 read as feet, indicates the length of the mean side of Cheops’ base--760.7291667 feet. To anchor the location of the Pyramid in Egypt and the position of the magnetic pole in 2900BCE at 14 miles inland on the east coast of Greenland on latitude of 76 degrees and 09 minutes, we speculate that an object perhaps a large meteorite might have been placed at that position to indicate the location of the magnetic pole at that time. Between the years 2900 BCE and 1098 BCE, the magnetic pole would have drifted about 25° west on latitude of 76° 09’ to a longitude skimming the north edge of Melville Bay in Greenland. On his quest to reach the north geographic pole, the artic explorer Commander Robert Peary documented the existence of three very large meteorites in that area. Later on, more meteorites were found nearby. We conjecture that the meteorites were purposely placed there in grid pattern to identify the location of the magnetic pole in 1098 BCE, which coincides with the dating of the Pyramid of Teotihuacán in Mexico. Teotihuacán, like Cheops is anchored to the magnetic pole. In many aspects, the Mexican pyramid is a reflection of the Egyptian. The magnetic dip angle in 1098 B.C.E. in Mexico would have been about 38° 09’—complementing the dip angle in Egypt 1802 years earlier at the time of Cheops dating: 51°51’. (38°09’ + 51°51’ = 90°)

accessing sacred information by an indirect route. In this case it is through the key of timing and its relevance to understanding the message of the Great Pyramid. The Great Pyramid is all about timing.  Of the two different sorts of chambers Herodotus describes half as “underground” and “the whole number (of chambers) is 3000.” The latitude of the Great Pyramid is very nearly 30 degrees. Synchronistically we find a coincident relationship between the square root of 3,000 (underground) and the indicated height of Cheops (above ground.) 3000 = 54.77225 x 100 = 5477.2 inches, the height of the Pyramid. By taking the reciprocal of the height ___1___ 5477.25 = 1.825733717 1.825733717 x 2 x 100,000,000 = 36514.67433  36514.67433 approximates the base of Cheops’ Pyramid: 36515 inches. “The later (upper) built upon the former (lower)…” The height above ground is derived from the perimeter of the base, that which is “under ground.”  Curiously, Herodotus’ Pyramid “40 fathoms in height” is a reference to the third Pyramid Mycerinus. Though not 40 fathoms high, Mycerinus does have a slope length of nearly 288 feet. This correspondence is veiled by scale, as 40 fathoms is 2880 inches.  Another method for “entering the Labyrinth through the Pyramid on the corner,“ is to recognize that the perimeter of the third Pyramid, Mycerinus is 1422.266092 feet. The perimeter divided by 4 gives a mean side length of 355.566523 feet. The Labyrinth of the heavens is entered by a figure embedded in the number of the length of the side of the Pyramid, the difference between the mean solar and sidereal days: 3′55″ Three minutes 55 seconds.  Expressing Mycerinus perimeter in inches and dividing by 10,000 derives : 1422.266092 ft x 12 inches = 17067.1931 inches 17067.193 = 1.70671931 10,000 The anti-common log of: 1.7067193110 = 50.90017909 which references the number of seconds of arc of precession per year in the precessional cycle of the equinoxes. The knowledge that the equinoxes move through the “houses” of the zodiac would be the result of eons of astronomical observation and according to Herodotus, an accomplishment “well worthy of note.”

The heavens are a”labyrinth” of time, timing, cycles, signs and portents. Man finds his measure in the stars, and in the planets. From the heavens he acquires the measure of the self, for the labyrinth is also the maze within us, and the ‘thread’ which guides us is connected to everything in the universe. Our human body, which evolved on a pulsating planet animated by the rhythms of the firmament, plays out the music of the spheres in our exquisitely tuned physiology. The planets are both above us and in us. In the next section we’ll revisit familiar figures of measure as they reappear in their celestial roles and in the Pyramid--the planetary harmonics of our solar family. Continued in New Perspectives On the Great Pyramid: Parts II and III Appendix Follows

The moment of the dating of the Great Pyramid is signaled when the Grand Gallery, is aligned with the North Pole of the Galaxy at 9:47 PM, January 2, 2900 B.C.E. One must sight from the top of the Great Step, down the Ascending Passage and through the Blocking Stones, and the Triangular Block “at the head of the corner,” and the earth to apprehend this alignment.

APPENDIX II
Photo: Inside the King’s Chamber of the Great Pyramid with the granite sarcophagus or coffer at the far end. Note the floor stones and illustrated details below. The measures and relationships of the individual floor stones (configured to 10 decimal places) represent a table of the elements of the planets of the solar system.
For more detail on the chamber, see our selection: New Perspectives on the Great Pyramid Pt. II