Obstetrics, Gynecology & Infertility

The Department of Obstetrics,
Gynecology & Infertility

gynecology , branch of medicine specializing in the disorders of
the female reproductive system. Modern gynecology deals with
menstrual disorders, menopause, infectious disease and
maldevelopment of the reproductive organs, disturbances of the
sex hormones, benign and malignant tumor formation, and the
prescription of contraceptive devices.

A branch of
gynecology, reproductive medicine, deals with infertility and
utilizes artificial insemination and in-vitro fertilizations,
where a human egg is harvested, fertilized in a test tube, then
implanted into the womb. Some gynecologists also practice
obstetrics. Surgical gynecology began to make progress in the
19th cent., when the introduction of anesthesia and antisepsis
(see antiseptic) paved the way for many advances.

The
American physician J. M. Sims was largely responsible for gaining
acceptance of gynecology as a medical and surgical specialty.
Until then there had been opposition to it on moral grounds from
midwives, the clergy and the medical profession. In recent years,
because of controversies over abortion and birth control,
government has become involved in gynecological practice.

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