Review of literature on inventory control management

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licensewhich permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract There has been consensus that logistics as well as supply chain management is a vital research field, yet with few literature reviews on this topic. This paper sets out to propose some hot issues in the current research, through a review of related literature from the perspective of operations management.

For adult students such as those enrolled in college and university programs. What is the relationship between the MBI scales? The following answer is from Leiter, M. A new approach to understanding the burnout experience.

Burnout Research, 3, The first phase of research on the phenomenon of burnout involved a lot of exploratory, qualitative field studies, which amassed many descriptions of the burnout phenomenon based on observations, interviews, case studies, and personal experience.

Based on this exploratory work, psychometric research was carried out to establish a method for assessing the burnout experience.

That research identified three basic dimensions: The measure that emerged from that psychometric research was the Maslach Burnout Inventory MBIwhich assessed these three dimensions and has been used in many research studies over the years.

The potential of having three interrelated dimensions of burnout was first discussed in terms of a sequence of stages over time.

For example, the transactional model of burnout proposed a first stage of an imbalance between work demands and individual resources job stressorsa second stage of an emotional response of exhaustion and anxiety individual strainand a third stage of changes in attitudes and behavior, such as greater cynicism defensive coping.

A third approach was the phase model, in which the three burnout dimensions were split into high and low categories, yielding eight different patterns, or phases, of burnout.

The phase model hypothesized that cynicism is the early minimum phase of burnout, followed by the additions of inefficacy, and finally by exhaustion.

What is noteworthy about all of these early approaches is the explicit assumption that people could experience various patterns of burnout, which might change at different points in time.

However, the potential of these varying patterns has not been exploited very much in the more recent empirical literature.

If anything, there has been a move towards simplifying burnout to a one-dimensional construct of exhaustion. Exhaustion is often considered the strongest, primary element of burnout, and thus a suitable proxy for the entire phenomenon.

A single dimension is easier to measure, and exhaustion is easier to fit within existing systems of medical diagnosis and disability. But a focus on just exhaustion may ignore other aspects of the burnout experience, which go beyond chronic fatigue. People experiencing burnout are not simply exhausted or overwhelmed by their workload.

They also have lost a psychological connection with their work, which has implications for their motivation and their identity.

The three dimensions of exhaustion, cynicism and inefficacy do not always move in lock-step, which means that they are not so highly correlated as to constitute a single, one-dimensional phenomenon.

The advantage of such distinct, but interrelated, burnout dimensions is that there could be several different patterns that are shown by people at varying times. In some instances, due to situational factors or personal qualities or their interaction, distinct patterns could emerge.

Identifying these intermediate patterns would allow a clearer definition of the entire territory between the negative state of burnout and the positive state of engagement.

Lean Manufacturing Consulting

For example, it may be that some people maintain a neutral stance towards work, experiencing neither joy nor despair.

The exceptionally motivated condition of engagement might stand in contrast to both a humdrum existence as well as to chronic distress.

Chapter 2 Literature Review and Survey of Inventory Model Introduction Control of inventory, which typically represents a major part of all expenses for business, is the costs incurred in inventory management can be minimized by efficient inventory policies. 24 Literature Review. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences January , Vol. 4, No. 1 ISSN: There has been consensus that logistics as well as supply chain management is a vital research field, yet with few literature reviews on this topic. This paper sets out to propose some hot issues in the current research, through a review of related literature from the perspective of operations management. In addition, we generate some insights and future research directions in this field.

Other person-centered patterns may identify distinct forms of distress, of which burnout represents only one particularly grievous state. Some progress on this point has been made by contrasting burnout and engagement with workaholism, suggesting the potential for further conceptual development.

The Emotional Exhaustion dimension captures the problem of lacking sufficient energy to make a useful and enduring contribution at work. But it is the Cynicism Depersonalization dimension that captures the difficulty in dealing with other people and activities in the work world.

Furthermore, Professional Efficacy captures the self-evaluation people make regarding the value of their work and the quality of their contribution. New research has begun to focus on an innovative use of the three burnout dimensions, which allows for multiple distinct patterns along the Burnout-Engagement continuum.

In addition to the two standard endpoint patterns of burnout high in Emotional Exhaustion and Cynicism; low in Professional Efficacy and Engagement low in Emotional Exhaustion and Cynicism; high in Professional Efficacythis approach can identify people who are only experiencing one of the dimensions, rather than all of them.

A particularly relevant comparison is between people with the complete Burnout profile and those with only high Emotional Exhaustion the Overextended profile. Research shows that these two patterns are quite different in workplace experience, so it is clear that exhaustion alone is not a proxy for burnout.

Instead, the Cynicism-only profile Disengaged comes closer to the negative endpoint of Burnout which suggests that cynicism may be more a core part of burnout than is exhaustion. Cynicism is more clearly linked to the job environment, with poor quality of social relationships at work and lack of critical resources, which lead to reduced job satisfaction and poor job performance.

Can I use cut-scores to identify a state of burnout? The MBI was developed as a research instrument to assess burnout as a continuum, ranging from low to high, on three different dimensions:CRIBWARE is a comprehensive inventory management system that enables you to control tooling costs and usage.

Operations Management of Logistics and Supply Chain: Issues and Directions

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