Comparing Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece

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Transcript of Comparing Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece

Ancient Egypt & Ancient Greece Geography Government Homes and Architecture Food Family/Daily Life Clothing Gods and Goddesses Climate: There are hot and dry summers with moderate winters. It can be 7C at night and 43C in the summer. Climate in Greece: in summer the temperature is around 24-33C. It is never very cold, getting to about 13-15C from December to February.

Land: Total land area is 2,665 square kms. The land is covered in sand dunes or barren rocky plains. Egypts most loftiest point is Mount Catherine or Jabal Katrinah. Egypt is 90% desertLand in Greece: Total area is approx. 132 square kms. 1st Dynasty: (2920 - 2770)Niethhotep, Djer, Wadj, Den, Anenjib, Semerkhet and Kaa.2nd Dynasty: (2770 - 2650)Hetepsekhemwy, Reneb, Ninetjer, Peribson and Khasekhemwy.3rd Dynasty:Sanakhte, Sekhemkhet, Khaba and Huni.4th Dynasty: Senefru, Khufu and Khafre ( Khafre built the great sphinx.)Ancient Egypt was ruled by pharaohs. Pharaos were the highest level in the Egyptian society.

In Ancient Greece there were many different kinds of government because Greece was split into many different city-states and each had their own government. There were three main forms of government in ancient Greece: Monarchy: Rule by a king. One city-state whose government was a monarchy was the city-state of Corinth. Oligarchy: Rule by a small group. One city-state whose government was an oligarchy was the city-state of Sparta. Democracy: Rule by the citizens, voting in an assembly. One city-state whose government experimented for about a hundred years with democracy was the ancient city-state of Athens. They treasured children and regarded them as a great blessing. Women had to obey men. Daughters received training at home. If wealthy, sons can go to school. It was important to Egyptians to be fair and just and to do good deeds. Peasant girls usually married at the age of 12 and boys were usually a few years older than the girls when they married. Women had to obey their fathers and husbands but they also enjoyed a lot of equality. While they usually looked after their family and home, they ran farms and businesses in the absence o their husbands. Kings had several wives. Divorce was an option but was not common. If it was resorted to it was a simple procedure. People cooked food in clay ovens as well as open fires. The women made bread which was a staple food. Beer was also popular. Much entertainment for Egyptians revolved around the Nile River. Activities included fishing, river boating, swimming, and hunting crocodiles and hippos. They also loved drama, music and dancing. Festivals were held in honour of the gods.

In ancient Greece men played an active part in public life. Women were more or less confined to the home, doing chores and raising children. Families that had more money would have slaves so that the women would not have to do all the work themselves. Cooking was done in a clay oven. Beer was made with barley. Beer was enjoyed by the rich and the poor. Plums, grapes and pomegranates were used to make wine. Wine was enjoyed by the rich. At the Nile river they catch fish ( perch, catfish, mullet and poultry). They eat vegetables such as onions, leek, garlic, beans, lettuce, lentils, cabbage, radish, turnip, dates, figs, plums and melons. They usually eat grapes, grains and olives. Beer was drank by rich and poor.

The ancient Greeks had a varied diet much as we do today, but there were some foods that were not brought to Greece until much later. Examples of these are tomatoes, peppers, potatoes and bananas. The homes in ancient Egypt were made of mud bricks. Mud was put into wooden mold. Then was left outside in the sun to bake and harden.The average home had a center room that connected to smaller rooms. the roof was flat and was used as a living space. most homes had one or two rooms but the wealthy had many rooms.In ancient Egypt stone was mostly used for making tombs and for building royal palaces, along with mud bricks. Wood was scarce. It is believed that the pyramids of Giza and the Great Sphinx were built with huge blocks of stone. Although not much is known about when these huge monuments were built and by whom, they are known to be the oldest and largest monuments of ancient times.

In ancient Greece houses were usually built of stone or clay. They were either one or two storeys high with a roof covered with tiles or reeds. Women had different areas of the house to men. Most family life centred around the courtyard. Egyptian clothing styles did not change much throughout the ancient times. Clothes were usually made of linen ranging from coarse to finely textured. During the old and middle kingdoms, men usually wore a short skirt called a kilt. Women wore a straight fitting dress held up by straps. The wealthy men wore pleated kilts, and the older men wore a longer kilt. When doing hard work, men wore a loincloth and women wore a short skirt children usually ran around naked during the summer months because clothing wasn't necessary. In winter children wore wraps and cloaks. Noblewomen sometimes wore beaded dresses. During the new kingdom, noblemen would sometimes wear a long robe over their kilt, while the women wore a long pleated dress with a shawl. Some kings and queens wore decorative ceremonial clothing with feathers and sequins. Some people went barefoot, but sometimes wore sandals on special occasions. workers wore a loincloth made of animal hide and linen. they also wore simple tunic dresses. loincloth: a piece of material fastened around the waist and worn by men.most of the slaves worked without clothing.Clothing in ancient Greece: Men and women wore a two piece outfit consisting of a tunic (peplos for a man and chiton for a women) and a cloak. The fabric was deeply coloured and had detailed designs. They were made of wool or linen. They were draped over the body, then folded over, and pinned o sewn at he opening. Everyone in Egypt wore some type of jewelry. Rings and amulets were especially worn ward off the evil spirits and injury. Both men and women wore pierced earrings, armlets, anklets and bracelets.The rich wore jeweled or beaded colors, called a wesekh, necklaces and pendants. For the rich jewelery was made of gold ,silver, or electrum( gold mixed with silver) and inlaid with semi-precious stones of turquoise, lapis lazuli( a deep blue coloured stone) and cornelian(reddish orange stone). The poor wore jewelery made of copper and heated powdered quartz (faience).

Jewelry was very popular in ancient Greece. People wore earrings, necklaces, pendants, pins, bracelets, armbands, rings and elaborate hair ornaments. They used gold and semi-precious stones in very intricate designs. They took pride in creating beautiful work. Hair styles were very similar to that of today. the common folk wore their hair short young girls usually kept their hair in pig tails, while boys had shaved their heads, except for one braided lock to one side. when girls wore wigs, they shaved their heads first. Wigs were worn by men and women. Wigs were usually worn at parties or official functions. The wigs were made of sheep's wool or real hair.

In ancient Greece, the women wore their hair long with elaborate styles. This is because they wanted to look nice to attract a man to marry. Having no hair at all was a sign of slavery. Cleansing rituals were very important to the egyptians. Most people bathed daily in the river or out of a water basin at home. The wealthy had a separate room in their home to bathe (as we call it a bathroom). Servants would pour jugs of water over their master (same as a modern day shower.) The runoff water drained away through a pipe that led to the garden. Instead of washing with soap, cleansing cream was used. This cream was made from oil, lime and perfume. People rubbed themselves with perfume oil. Perfume was made from flowers, and scented wood mixed with oil or fat ,and was left in a pot until the oil had absorbed the scent. The perfumed oil was used to prevent the skin from drying out in the harsh climate. At parties, servants put cones of perfumed grease on the heads of the guests. as the grease melted, it ran down their face with a cooling effect. men, women and children of all ages and classes wore makeup. Mirrors of highly polished silver or copper were used to aid with the application of makeup. Eye paint was made from green malachite and galena (a grey lead ore). they were ground into a powder and mixed with oil to make eye colour called kahl. The kahl was kept in jars and applied to the eyes with a small stick. The upper and lower eyelids were pointed with the black cosmetic that extended in a line out to the sides of the face. It was believed the makeup had magical and even healing powers. Some even believed that wearing it would restore poor eyesight. It was also used to fight eye infections and reduce the glare of the sun. other cosmetics used included colours for the lips, cheeks and nails. A type of clay called ochre was ground and mixed with water, and applied to the lips and cheeks. Henna was used to dye fingernails yellow and orange. Makeup was stored in special jars and the jars in special makeup boxes. Women would carry their makeup boxes with them to parties and keep them under their chairs. Almost all clothes were made of linen which is made from flax. Flax: A plant having small leave, blue flowers and stems about 2 feet tall.Cosmetics in ancient Greece were very important. Their beauty is pale skin, golden locks and natural makeup. Unlike the egyptians only rich women wore makeup. To paint their face, they used white lead or chalk. To take care of their skin they used honey. Olive oil was used to make their skin shiny. They also used red powder on their cheeks. Greek women wore minimal makeup because they wanted to look pale. They used lipstick that was made of pasted red iron oxide, ochre clay or olive oil with beeswax. Eyeshadow was made of oil mixed with ground charcoal. The Greeks like connected eyebrows ( uni brow) and decorated eyes with dark powder. Female slaves had short hair but free women had long hair. After they got married they would wear their it up in bun. Their hair was decorated with diadem, jeweled combs, hair pins, scarfs and other accessories. During the Hellenistic times, they artificially wanted wavy or curly hair. If someone who had dark hair wanted to light up their skin, they would make their hair lighter too.

In ancient Greece, they did use cosmetics, but very lightly. They preferred skin colour that was fair, and not too tanned. Women used honey like a moisturizer for their skin. They used olive oil to make their skin soft and shiny. They would add fragrance to the olive oil to make themselves smell good. Charcoal could be ground to dust. This dust could be mixed with olive oil for eye shadow. Powdered iron oxide could be used for rouge. Powdered iron oxide can be mixed with bees wax and olive oil for a paste to be used on the lips fo the ancient Greek ladies.

White lead could have been used to whiten the skin. The white powder could have been mixed with olive oil and wax to apply to the skin and whiten it. Unfortunately the lead would have been absorbed by the body to cause some harm but the result would not have been fast enough to have been noticed by the ancient Greeks. Many ancient women suffered in this way. People usually went barefoot and carried their sandals, wearing them only when needed. The sandals, were made out of palm fiber or braided papyrus. Papyrus: tall water plant that grows in the Nile river.

Like in ancient Egypt, most people in ancient Greece also went barefoot. Only the weatlthy and soldiers wore sandals or boots. These would be made of leather or, for the very wealthy, wood or felt. They could be very ornamental as the ancient Greeks were quite fashion-conscious. Priest washed several times a day and they had to remove every single hair before they approach the god. They would not wear leather sandals .They wore a leopard robe. in many churches they wore no wigs.

Priests were of a higher class in ancient Greece, so they sometimes would wear robes made of flax, which was used to make fine linen. Hair Cosmetics Priest Clothing Footwear Jewelry By: Akhshaya, Alifiya, Gauri & Sophia Thanx For Watching!!! The ancient Egyptians believed in many different gods and goddesses. Each one with their own role to play in maintaining peace and harmony across the land. Some gods and goddesses took part in creation, some brought the flood every year, some offered protection, and some took care of people after they died. Others were either local gods who represented towns, or minor gods who represented plants or animals.The ancient Egyptians believed that it was important to recognize and worship these gods and goddesses so that life continued smoothly.

Ancient Greeks also had a number of gods and goddesses wo they believed in. For example, Zeus, god of the sky and rain; Poseidon, god of the sea; Aphrodite, goddess of beauty and desire, and so on. They had their own weapon or symbol. They worshipped the gods for the same reasons as the ancient Egyptians. Detailed Necklace Pyramids in Egypt Class Structure House in the Trees Ancient Egyptians Family Life Typical Food Hair Styles Applying Makeup in Ancient Egypt Type of Sandal worn in Ancient Egypt Health Medicine in Ancient Egypt: The practice of medicine in ancient Egypt is one of the oldest documented in ancient times. Although no medical treatment had any particular likelihood of success, at least you knew you were being treated by the best doctors available. Dentistry was also an important field.

The Egyptian name for doctor is "wabau", but a doctor in ancient Egypt was really a combination of priest and doctor, offering prayers and magical spells as part of their treatment. Extreme pain might have been medicated with herbs or opium, but the cure would be through the use of magical spells.

Ancient Egyptian doctors had a good knowledge of human anatomy through the practice of mummification, and were able to carry out simple surgeries successfully. However, many of their practices had no effect at all.

In Ancient Greece in the field of medicine, Hippocrates was the most important person and was known as the ``Father of Medicine``. His name lives on today in the form of the Hippocratic oath which doctors still use. The Ancient Greeks believed illness and health revolved around humours, or the four bodily fluids. This theory was later proven incorrect, so the Ancient Greeks did not have a lasting legacy in the medical field.