Rice University chemist Bruce Weisman and his lab work to understand how the lengths and imperfections of individual nanotubes affect their fluorescence—in this case, the light they emit at near-infrared wavelengths.

The researchers found that the brightest nanotubes of the same length show consistent fluorescence intensity, and the longer the tube, the brighter.

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ceWLcOMxz0

“There’s a rather well-defined limit to how bright they appear,” Weisman says. “And that maximum brightness is proportional to length, which suggests those tubes are not affected by imperfections.”

But they found that brightness among nanotubes of the same length varied widely, likely due to damaged or defective structures or chemical reactions that allowed atoms to latch onto the surface.

The study by Weisman, lead author Tonya Leeuw Cherukuri, and postdoctoral fellow Dmitri Tsyboulski appears in the journal ACS Nano, and explains the method by which Cherukuri analyzed the characteristics of 400 individual nanotubes of a specific physical structure known as (10,2).

“It’s a tribute to Tonya’s dedication and talent that she was able to make this large number of accurate measurements,” Weisman says of his former student.

The researchers applied spectral filtering to selectively view the specific type of nanotube. “We used spectroscopy to take this very polydisperse sample containing many different structures and study just one of them, the (10,2) nanotubes,” Weisman says. “But even within that one type, there’s a wide range of lengths.”

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Weisman says the study involved singling out one or two isolated nanotubes at a time in a dilute sample and finding their lengths by analyzing videos of the moving tubes captured with a special fluorescence microscope. The movies also allowed Cherukuri to catalog their maximum brightness.

“I think of these tubes as fluorescence underachievers,” Weisman says. “There are a few bright ones that fluoresce to their full potential, but most of them are just slackers, and they’re half as bright, or 20 percent as bright, as they should be.

“What we want to do is change that distribution and leave no tube behind, try to get them all to the top. We want to know how their fluorescence is affected by growth methods and processing, to see if we’re inflicting damage that’s causing the dimming.

“These are insights you really can’t get from measurements on bulk samples,” he says.

Rice graduate student Jason Streit is extending Cherukuri’s research. “He’s worked up a way to automate the experiments so we can image and analyze dozens of nanotubes at once, rather than one or two. That will let us do in a couple of weeks what had taken months with the original method,” Weisman says.

The research was supported by the Welch Foundation, the National Science Foundation, and Applied NanoFluorescence.

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1 Comment

I have read articles claiming that fluorescence of butterflies was due to nano structures could this be “nano tube structures”, if it is maybe you could entice butterflies to produce the specific nano tube lengths for you?