Currently, there is an increasing
understanding that teaching and learning good school science
may produce extensive contributions to economic development.
The importance... Show More + of scientifically literate citizens and
workers is likely to increase further in the coming decades
as a result of the fast replacement of traditional
technologies by new, efficient, science-based technologies.
This volume, the first in the Secondary Education series,
contains articles written by science educators from various
countries which give an overview of some of the current best
practices in school science and environment education. One
of the main purposes of this book is to demonstrate that
valuable information is available in developing countries,
several of which have attempted to implement significant
science education reforms in recent years. The papers
collected in this volume come from Latin America and the
Caribbean, Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America. While
the majority address reforms in specific developing nations,
some papers look at issues that cross national barriers. For
example, two papers address the use of low-cost/no cost
equipment to deliver hands-on science instruction. One paper
examines extremely high technology--high cost methods of
enhancing science instruction--methods that, although more
commonly used in industrial nations, are now spreading to
the wealthier developing countries. Show Less -

Environmental performance indicators
have taken on a key role in many countries. Natural resource
and environmental accounts, with their coupling to economic
accounts... Show More + and indicators, promise to provide policymakers
with measures of progress towards environmentally
sustainable development by highlighting the critical role
that policy failure and market failure play in environmental
degradation. This puts the focus squarely on policy. Policy
failures come in many forms, from inadequate property rights
regimes, to under-pricing of natural resources, to subsidies
on energy, fertilizers, and pesticides that lead to negative
impacts on the environment. Market failure exists wherever
economic activities impose costs on others, in the form of
pollutants carried downwind or downstream for instance,
without any mechanisms for remediation. There is now
considerable empirical evidence in the construction of a
variety of resource and environmental accounts. One of the
goals of this report is to critically examine the potential
policy uses of the different varieties of accounts, in
particular "greener" national accounting
aggregates such as "genuine savings" and
"Eco-Domestic Product." Secondly the goal is to
describe and assess the range of experience that has been
published for both developed and developing countries. To
that end, the report includes over 20 country case studies
to document experience with resource and environmental accounting. Show Less -

The macroeconomic arguments that
post-war interest groups representing industry and
agriculture used are now being adopted by environmental
nongovernmental organizations... Show More + and used in their struggle for
less pollution and more environmentally benign production
and consumption. Norway's Project for a Sustainable
Economy is a result of this evolution. It joins the
environmental demands of Friends of the Earth Norway with
the macroeconomic models that are routinely used for
national planning and budgetary purposes. It simulates the
long-term environmental and economic impacts of imposing
such demands for environmental quality on Norway's
small, open economy. These simulations supply a broader
basis with a more varied set of development options and
impacts for discussion and priority-setting regarding the
management of the resource base in the longterm. Key
findings are: 1) The economy is substantially resilient when
allowed 40 years to adjust and adapt, but over a 40 year
horizon that economy will experience a slowdown comparable
to a ten year delay--considered a rather small insurance
premium to pay for the reduced risks of irreversible
environmental damages, and much improved local conditions.
2) It appears feasible in the medium term to stabilize or
even reduce carbon dioxide emissions by using revenue
neutral "green" tax reforms, with little loss of
economic growth, and perhaps with net welfare/employment
gains, though significant distortions and unemployment exist. Show Less -