The ITU's first World Telecommunication Policy Forum opened
today, welcoming some 1000 delegates from more than 126 countries to discuss
the development and implementation of global mobile satellite systems.

These new systems, known collectively as GMPCS (Global
Mobile Communications by Satellite), but often called Big and Little LEO
satellites, represent the new wave of personal telephony, promising seamless
global mobile fax, messaging, data and even two-way voice and broadband
multimedia connectivity via small, handheld phonesets, computer-mounted
terminals and laptops. Most systems are scheduled to come into operation
within the next five years, and will be able to offer service to people
the world over, regardless of the local telecommunications infrastructure.

The Policy Forum will deliberate over three days, with
the hope of reaching a government-industry consensus on achieving common
international approaches to a range of issues including licensing, equipment
approvals, trans-border mobility of handsets, and the role of GMPCS technology
in the developing world. Delegates to the event include high-level representatives
of telecommunications administrations and telecommunications regulators,
and CEOs and senior representatives from all the main players in the burgeoning
satellite market.

Opening the Forum, ITU Secretary-General, Dr Pekka Tarjanne,
spoke of the importance of this new technology, which he called' revolutionary',
to the future of telecommunications around the world. He spoke of the telecommunications
industry as the 'central nervous system' of what will soon be the largest
industry sector in the world - information - and said that GMPCS would
constitute a key component of the new global information infrastructure.
He added that he did not see the ITU's role in the development of GMPCS
as a that of a global regulator, 'a kind of global FCC' . Instead, he recommended
that nations continue to work towards agreement on common approaches to
common problems, facilitating development while at the same time obviating
the need for new bureaucracy.

In his opening remarks to delegates on Monday morning,
Forum Chairman, Mr Jonathan Parapak of Indonesia, urged delegates to engage
in the widest possible discussion of the issues, in order to arrive a solid
outcomes that will enable rapid development of this new industry for the
benefit of all.

Presenting the Forum's only working document, the Secretary-General's
Report on 'Policy and Regulatory Issues Raised by Global Mobile Personal
Communications by Satellite', Dr Tarjanne said the ITU had worked
hard to incorporate in the report all the different ideas contributed by
ITU Member States and Sector Members. He added that there were three areas
of unanimous agreement in the Contributions he had received. All stated
that the Forum should:

express a common vision of GMPCS and the commitment of
government and the private sector to work together to achieve its benefits;

embody a set of voluntary principles to guide national
policy makers, regulators and system operators; and

draft Opinions prepared by a voluntary group of experts
who collectively represent a broad cross section of ITU Members and regions.

The opening of the event was followed by four Keynote
Addresses, designed to cover the four main areas of discussion of the Forum.

Giving the first of the addresses, Mr David Leive, Chairman
of ITU Regulatory Colloquia and Senior Communications Counsel at Latham
and Watkins, Washington, spoke of the scope for international co-operation
in the globalization of telecommunications services. He emphasized the
need for a 'road map' to establish GMPCS in a way that is both fair and
effective, and went on to stress the importance of developing principles
and mechanisms to ensure the efficient licensing of terminals on a global
basis, as well as the free movement of GMPCS handsets. Finally, he pointed
to the importance of meeting the particular and specific concerns of developing
countries.

Delivering the second Keynote address, His Excellency,
Mr Mohammed Gharazi, Minister of Posts, Telegraph and Telephone, Islamic
Republic of Iran, talked about the dilemma facing telecommunications administrations,
many of whom fear that uptake of GMPCS services may result in lower utilization
of the public switched telephone network. He also touched upon the problem
of radio frequency spectrum shortage in the development of GMPCS. This
spectrum, he said, is a both a common heritage and "one of the most
precious resources God has given us." He urged that GMPCS systems
be planned, therefore, to benefit all people. "Developing and Least
Developed countries must be included and be able to share in this technology.
Today the world is interlinked, and there must be no discrimination against
any country. This technology must reach the four corners of the world -
a formidable task, but an important one for the development of a truly
global family," he said.

Speaking as the third Keynoter, Mr Kazuo Yoshida, President,
Satellite Phone, Japan, addressed ways of achieving trans-border use of
GMPCS terminals. He highlighted the need to streamline regulations and
modify existing arrangements which can require a user to pay customs duty
on a handset brought into the country for personal use, or can forbid the
use of the handset altogether. He said the conflict between the desires
of regulators to monitor GMPCS equipment in the same way as other types
of telecommunications equipment, and the desires of users, who want more
mobility and freedom and fewer bureaucratic restrictions, would have to
be reconciled if a way forward was to be found.

The final Keynote Speaker was Mr Abderrazak Berrada, Special
Adviser to the PTT Morocco, a figure well-known to the international telecommunication
community through his many years of work with the ITU. Mr Berrada spoke
on the necessity of arriving at equitable conditions of access to GMPCS
technology on a global basis. He stated that, in his opinion, it would
be important to keep a level of international regulation within the ITU,
for the benefit of all countries, particularly those who might not have
the resources to properly regulate the conduct of operators. He further
added that, as the world moved towards market liberalization and the introduction
of competition into monopoly markets, the ITU's approach at the WTPF would
serve as a guide for the continuing process of globalization of telecommunications.

The remainder of the first day of the Forum was spent
debating the content of the Secretary-General's report, with general consensus
being the order of the day. Day 2 of the three-day event will focus specifically
on discussion of the draft Opinions contained in that report.

SPECIAL INFORMATION SESSION

The opening of the World Telecommunication Policy Forum
was preceded by a special all-day Information Session on Sunday 20 October.

Chaired by ITU Deputy Secretary-General, Dr Henry Chasia,
the Session was designed to broaden understanding of GMPCS systems and
afford the opportunity for an exchange of views on key issues.

In his opening remarks to the floor, Dr Chasia said the
Session would provide a very valuable opportunity for an informal discussion
about GMPCS, and urged delegates to take advantage of the opportunity to
pose questions to GMPCS operators. "This podium is literally bursting
with expertise about this industry. Let's take advantage of it today,"
he said.

He also extended his thanks to those ITU Member States
and ITU Sector Members which made financial contributions to fund the Information
Session, and whose contributions were also used to sponsor a fellowship
programme which enabled delegates from Least Developed countries to participate
in the Forum.

During the Session, satellite operators and would-be operators
had the opportunity to present their systems and discuss the ways they
can benefit users, and to attempt to alleviate the fears some administrations
have about the effect of new types of satellite technologies on existing
services. The afternoon saw two panel debates on the respective topics
of Reducing Barriers for the Early Introduction of GMPCS, and Licensing
and Regulation of GMPCS.

Panel 1, moderated by Ms Irene Albers of the Ministry
of Transport, Telecommunications and Post, the Netherlands, saw some lively
discussion both within the panel and from the floor, as delegates expressed
their concerns about pricing, the feasibility of GMPCS technology in countries
with underdeveloped infrastructure, and the necessity of a commitment to
continuity of service by operators in the developing world.

GMPCS operators in turn stressed the 'egalitarian' nature
of this new technology, which, by its system design, offers the same services,
and same quality of service, everywhere in the world. They spoke of the
potential of GMPCS systems to bridge the gap in the developing world, allowing
nations to overcome the tyranny of distance or economics and to have access
to a sophisticated global communications system regardless of their own
telecommunications infrastructure.

Panel II, moderated by M. Roberto Blois of CITEL (the
Inter-American Telecommunication Commission), focused on the regulatory
environment needed to foster the growth of new kinds of satellite technologies.
Whilst panel members acknowledged the need for a re-think of regulations
governing licensing, operation, equipment type approvals and movement across
borders, representatives from telecommunications administrations were cautious
on some issues. Ms Valerie D' Costa of the Telecommunication Authority
of Singapore stressed the complexity of certain issues – for example, that
equipment type approvals and the licensing of that equipment were two separate
issues and should be dealt with separately. She also stressed the complexity
of terminal equipment licensing and urged operators to understand the concerns
and priorities of regulators, and to work with them in developing appropriate
procedures.

The Forum will continue until Wednesday 23 October, when
delegates hope to have arrived at a broad consensus that will permit operators
to initiate the process of international licensing which will pave the
way toward GMPCS system implementation.