Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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Abstract. This paper reports the most significant issues related to the launching of a Monolingual Spanish QuestionAnswering evaluation track at the Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF 2003). It introduces some questions about multilingualism and describes the methodology for test suite production, task, judgment of answers as well as the results obtained by the participant systems. 1

This document, prepared in February 1993, addresses the most common questions asked by APS Collaborative Access Teams (CATs). The answers represent the best judgment on the part of the APS at this time. In some cases, details are provided in separate documents to be supplied by the APS. Some of the answers are brief because details are not yet available. The questions are separated into five categories representing different aspects of CAT interactions with the APS: (1) Memorandum of Understanding (MOU), (2) CAT Beamline Review and Construction, (3) CAT Beamline Safety, (4) CAT Beamline Operations, and (5) Miscellaneous. The APS plans to generate similar documents as needed to both address new questions and clarify answers to present questions.

The following questions were submitted by DOE employees during the initial stages of the Financial Services A-76 study. Answers to these questions have been provided by subject matter experts. If you have any questions or need further clarification, please contact Paul Anderson at (803) 725-5607 or e-mail him at paul.anderson@srs.gov. This website will be updated regularly and new questions and answers posted as they are received. 1. It appears that, according to the Financial Services Plan of Action and Milestones, in any event, some of us will lose our jobs. How will it be decided which employees will lose our jobs? Answer: It is possible that the study outcome may or may not require a reduction-in-force (RIF). It would be premature at this time to address layoffs (i.e., RIF), which will

Syntactic information potentially plays a much more important role in questionanswering than it does in information retrieval. Although many people have used syntactic evidence in QuestionAnswering, there haven't been many detailed experiments reported ...

4/2012) 4/2012) Q# QuestionAnswer 1 Could let us know what your interests are in keeping the current staff if another contractor wins? This is a management decision of the vendor 2 Will this RFP not be automatically posted in FedBizOpps? When the RFP is issued, it will be posted on the FBO website through FedConnect. 3 Will this be a small business set-aside, and if so, what is the size standard? Yes, $7.0M 4 Who is the incumbent? Systematic Management Services Inc 5 I would appreciate it if you would provide me with that person's name and contact information. My company is potentially interested in this re-compete and we are trying to obtain sufficient data so as to enable us to make an informed decision. This information can be submitted using a freedom of Information request. The technical

6/2012) 6/2012) Q# QuestionAnswer 1 Could let us know what your interests are in keeping the current staff if another contractor wins? This is a management decision of the vendor 2 Will this RFP not be automatically posted in FedBizOpps? When the RFP is issued, it will be posted on the FBO website through FedConnect. 3 Will this be a small business set-aside, and if so, what is the size standard? Yes, $7.0M 4 Who is the incumbent? Systematic Management Services Inc 5 I would appreciate it if you would provide me with that person's name and contact information. My company is potentially interested in this re-compete and we are trying to obtain sufficient data so as to enable us to make an informed decision. This information can be submitted using a freedom of Information request. The technical

Objectives: In this survey, we reviewed the current state of the art in biomedical QA (QuestionAnswering), within a broader framework of semantic knowledge-based QA approaches, and projected directions for the future research development in this critical ... Keywords: Answer/reason extraction, Biomedical questionanswering, Semantic information extraction

This work answers the basicquestions of superconductivity in a question-and-answer format. We extend a basic hypothesis to various superconductors. This hypothesis is that superconductivity requires that the pairing gap locates around the Fermi level. On the basis of this hypothesis our calculations give the so-called three factor theory with which some key problems of the high temperature superconductivity are explained.

The Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) questionanswering track is an effort to bring the benefits of large-scale evaluation to bear on a questionanswering (QA) task. The track has run twice so far, first in TREC-8 and again in TREC-9. In each case, the ...

There are many tasks that require information finding. Some can be largely automated, and others greatly benefit from successful interaction between system and searcher. We are interested in the task of answeringquestions where some synthesis of information ...

The top-performing Question-Answering (QA) systems have been of two types: consistent, solid, well-established and multi-faceted systems that do well year after year, and ones that come out of nowhere employing totally innovative approaches and which ...

Q# QuestionAnswer Q# QuestionAnswer map), but I cannot find the date and time for the site visit. Please tell me the date and time of the site visit and if it is mandatory or not. the tab "Industry Day Information." Attending the Industry Day is not mandatory. 4 Good afternoon, I am interested in attending the pre proposal conference for the Emergency Operations Training and Support (EOTA) contract. Please send me further information on the where about of this conference. I have the time and date from GovWin, which is 1/6/12 at 9am. I look forward to speaking with you shortly. All information is contained in the RFP and in the pre Solicitation Documents in FedConnect and Federal Business Opportunities. This information can also be found in the Reading

Most open-domain questionanswering systems achieve better performances with large corpora, such as Web, by taking advantage of information redundancy. However, explicit answers are not always mentioned in the corpus, many answers are implicitly contained ... Keywords: markov logic, questionanswering, semantic role labeling

The Web is apparently an ideal source of answers to a large variety of questions, due to the tremendous amount of information available online. This paper describes a Web-based questionanswering system LAMP, which is ...

This paper describes a questionanswering system that is designed to capitalize on the tremendous amount of data that is now available online. Most questionanswering systems use a wide variety of linguistic resources. We focus instead on the redundancy ...

SOURCING/A-76 SOURCING/A-76 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS COMPETITIVE SOURCING What is the President's Competitive Sourcing Initiative? The President stated, as part of his Management Agenda, that "Government should be market- based - we should not be afraid of competition, innovation, and choice. I will open government to the discipline of competition." He charged each agency with conducting a review of at least fifty percent of its federal workforce performing commercial activities to determine if any of the activities being performed could be provided by the private sector at less cost to the government. Agencies are being asked to study fifteen percent of their commercial activity inventories by the end of FY 2003. President Bush's mandate follows the enactment of the Federal Activities Inventory Reform Act

Given the range of fuel cycle goals and criteria, and the wide range of fuel cycle options, how can the set of options eventually be narrowed in a transparent and justifiable fashion? It is impractical to develop all options. We suggest an approach that starts by considering a range of goals for the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI) and then posits seven questions, such as whether Cs and Sr isotopes should be separated from spent fuel and, if so, what should be done with them. For each question, we consider which of the goals may be relevant to eventually providing answers. The AFCI program has both ''outcome'' and ''process'' goals because it must address both waste already accumulating as well as completing the fuel cycle in connection with advanced nuclear power plant concepts. The outcome objectives are waste geologic repository capacity and cost, energy security and sustainability, proliferation resistance, fuel cycle economics, and safety. The process objectives are rea diness to proceed and adaptability and robustness in the face of uncertainties.

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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The Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI) program has both “outcome” and “process” goals because it must address both waste already accumulating as well as completing the fuel cycle in connection with advanced nuclear power plant concepts. The outcome objectives are waste geological repository capacity and cost, energy security and sustainability, proliferation resistance, fuel cycle economics, and safety. The process objectives are readiness to proceed and adaptability and robustness in the face of uncertainties. A classic decision-making approach to such a multi-attribute problem would be to weight individual quantified criteria and calculate an overall figure of merit. This is inappropriate for several reasons. First, the goals are not independent. Second, the importance of different goals varies among stakeholders. Third, the importance of different goals is likely to vary with time, especially the “energy future.” Fourth, some key considerations are not easily or meaningfully quantifiable at present. Instead, at this point, we have developed 16 questions the AFCI program should answer and suggest an approach of determining for each whether relevant options improve meeting each of the program goals. We find that it is not always clear which option is best for a specific question and specific goal; this helps identify key issues for future work. In general, we suggest attempting to create as many win-win decisions (options that are attractive or neutral to most goals) as possible. Thus, to help clarify why the program is exploring the options it is, and to set the stage for future narrowing of options, we have developed 16 questions, as follows: · What are the AFCI program goals? · Which potential waste disposition approaches do we plan for? · What are the major separations, transmutation, and fuel options? · How do we address proliferation resistance? · Which potential energy futures do we plan for? · What potential external triggers do we plan for? · Should we separate uranium? · If we separate uranium, should we recycle it, store it or dispose of it? · Is it practical to plan to fabricate and handle “hot” fuel? · Which transuranic elements (TRU) should be separated and transmuted? · Of those TRU separated, which should be transmuted together? · Should we separate and/or transmute Cs and Sr isotopes that dominate near-term repository heating? · Should we separate and/or transmute very long-lived Tc and I isotopes? · Which separation technology? · What mix of transmutation technologies? · What fuel technology best supports the above decisions?

The ability to answer complex questions posed in Natural Language depends on (1) the depth of the available semantic representations and (2) the inferential mechanisms they support. In this paper we describe a QA architecture where questions are analyzed ...

Most questionanswering systems narrow down their search space by issuing a boolean IR query on a keyword indexed corpus. This technique often proves futile for definitional questions, because they only contain one keyword ...

A source expansion algorithm automatically extends a given text corpus with related content from large external sources such as the Web. The expanded corpus is not intended for human consumption but can be used in questionanswering (QA) and other information ... Keywords: TREC, information retrieval, jeopardy, questionanswering, watson

Research in QuestionAnswering has focused on the quality of information retrieval or extraction using the metrics of precision and recall to judge success; these metrics drive toward finding the specific best answer(s) and are best supportive of a lookup type of search. These do not address the opportunity that users? natural language questions present for exploratory interactions. In this paper, we present an integrated QuestionAnswering environment that combines a visual analytics tool for unstructured text and a state-of-the-art query expansion tool designed to compliment the cognitive processes associated with an information analysts work flow. Analysts are seldom looking for factoid answers to simple questions; their information needs are much more complex in that they may be interested in patterns of answers over time, conflicting information, and even related non-answer data may be critical to learning about a problem or reaching prudent conclusions. In our visual analytics tool, questions result in a comprehensive answer space that allows users to explore the variety within the answers and spot related information in the rest of the data. The exploratory nature of the dialog between the user and this system requires tailored evaluation methods that better address the evolving user goals and counter cognitive biases inherent to exploratory search tasks.

In this poster, we will present the results of efforts we have undertaken to conduct evaluations of a QA system in a real world environment and to understand the nature of the dimensions on which users evaluate QA systems when given full reign to comment ... Keywords: question taxonomies, question understanding, question-answering systems, real-time systems

it if you would provide me with that person's name and it if you would provide me with that person's name and contact information. My company is potentially interested in this re- compete and we are trying to obtain sufficient data so as to enable us to make an informed decision. This information can be submitted using a freedom of Information request. The technical point of contact cannot disclose any information regarding the future contract source selection. 6 Is this new work? This is a re-compete of a previous contract 7 Can you please tell me who is the incumbent and what is the name of the contract they are providing support under? See Question 4 above. Emergency Operations Training Academy (EOTA) Support Services. 8 Will this reading room be a physical location, or will this be a forum online? Online web address (Virtual Library)

Most questionanswering (QA) systems rely on both keyword index and Named Entity (NE) tagging. The corpus from which the QA systems attempt to retrieve answers is usually mixed case text. However, there are numerous corpora that consist of case insensitive ...

Query expansion is a technique used to boost performance of a document retrieval engine, such as those commonly found in questionanswering (QA) systems. Common methods of query expansion for Boolean keyword-based document ...

We investigate the problem of complex answers in questionanswering. Complex answers consist of several simple answers. We describe the online questionanswering system SHAPAQA, and using data from this system we show that the problem of complex ...

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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Questions about how plants die leads to climate change answersQuestions about how plants die leads to climate change answersQuestions about how plants die leads to climate change answers Understanding mechanisms of mortality will provide important input to future climate forecasts. March 12, 2012 Tree in the desert The scientists' goal is to provide basic insights into questions such as how plants die, especially during drought. While the question of plant mortality is easy to conceptualize, it is difficult to study because of the spatial and temporal variation of processes over the plant. Get Expertise Researcher Michelle Espy Applied Modern Physics Email Researcher Sanna Sevanto Earth System Observations Email While the question of plant mortality is easy to conceptualize, it is difficult to study because of the spatial and temporal variation of

This paper describes how questions can be characterized for questionanswering (QA) along different facets and focuses on questions that cannot be answered directly but can be divided into simpler ones so that they can be answered directly using existing ... Keywords: Composite and atomic questions, Compositional QA, Question analysis, Questionanswering

Recent advances in massive information storage and growth of internet have led to increased necessity of tools such as search engines and QA systems to get meaningful answers from the vast amount of information. The complex questions appearing in real-life ...

Questions & AnswersQuestions & Answers Posted: November 18, 2009 (Updated on November 24, 2009) Q. I am located at CERN and have no computers at FNAL. My personal laptop is a CERN laptop. Do I still have to complete the Tune IT Up assessment? A. If it is not an FNAL-owned computer at CERN, you do not need to complete the assessment. Posted: September 15, 2009 Q. For which computers do I need to fill out the Tune IT Up assessment? I have a personal desktop and laptop. But I also manage and/or am the custodian for various other servers at Fermilab. A. You should complete the assessment only for the desktop, laptop or smart phone you personally use to do your work. There is no need to do it for servers. Posted: September 15, 2009 Q. If the person who uses a computer is not the person who manages it, who

Question/Answer games (Q/A games for short) are a generalization of the Renyi-Ulam game and they are a model for information extraction in parallel. A Q/A game, G=(D,s,(q"1,...,q"k)), is played on a directed acyclic graph, D=(V,E), with a distinguished ... Keywords: Combinatorial games, Computational complexity, Perfect information games, Polynomial-time hierarchy

This {open_quotes}Management of PCBs Questions and Answers{close_quotes} has been developed from a presentation given by Dr. John Smith of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the transcribed question and answer session which followed the presentation. Dr. Smith was featured at the first DOE complex-wide PCB Focus Group meeting held in San Francisco, California in December 1992. The meeting was attended by representatives from field elements who were actively involved in the management of PCBs. The meeting served as a forum for the exchange of information and discussion of PCB management issues. This document has been prepared as one of several guidance documents developed by the Department of Energy Office of Environmental Policy and Assistance (EH-41) (formerly the Office of Environmental Guidance, EH-23) to assist DOE elements in their PCB management programs. This document is organized into three parts: (1) an introduction describing the conception and development of this document, (2) a summary of Dr. Smith`s presentation, and (3) the question and answer session.

We address the task of answering natural language questions by using the large number of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) pages available on the web. The task involves three steps: (1) fetching FAQ pages from the web; (2) automatic extraction of question/answer ... Keywords: FAQ retrieval, questionanswering, questions beyond factoids

The LogAnswer system is an application of automated reasoning to the field of open domain questionanswering. In order to find answers to natural language questions regarding arbitrary topics, the system integrates an automated theorem prover in a framework ... Keywords: Questionanswering, theorem prover

does adding coils to anelectromagnet make it stronger? does adding coils to an<br>electromagnet make it stronger? Previous Question (Why does adding coils to an electromagnet make it stronger?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Why is a non-permanent, but long lasting, magnet called a permanent magnet?) Why is a non-permanent, but long lasting,magnet called a permanent magnet? Which jobs use electromagnets? In today's world almost all jobs other than a goat herder use some type of electromagnet. They are everywhere. Electric motors are a type of electromagnet. Cars have dozens of electromagnets that move things or generate electricity. There are all sorts of interesting applications for larger electromagnets. The most obvious and biggest example is electricity. There are some interesting applications like dumping shredded garbage

Will scientists everfind smaller elements? Will scientists ever<br>find smaller elements? Previous Question (Will scientists ever find smaller elements?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What are boiling and melting points?) What are boiling and melting points? Who discovered the element gold, silver, copper, neon, etc...? Below is a list of all of the known elements, who they were discovered by and the year they were discovered. Some elements, such as gold, silver and iron, have been known since ancient times, so it is impossible to credit a single person for their discovery. Other elements were discovered around the same time by two or more scientists who were working independently of each other. In these cases, each scientist is listed along with the year they made their discovery. Other elements were discovered by teams of

What is a material with a freezingpoint above 0 degrees Celsius? What is a material with a freezing<br>point above 0 degrees Celsius? Previous Question (What is a material with a freezing point above 0 degrees Celsius?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (How can I explain the Quantum/Wave theory to my class?) How can I explain the Quantum/Wavetheory to my class? What is a meniscus? A meniscus is what happens when you put a liquid into a container. When you put water in a beaker or test tube, you see a curved surface. With most liquids, the attractive force between the liquid and the container is greater than the attraction between the individual liquid molecules. So the liquid "sticks" to the side of the container. Your teacher might have told you that you have to read the test tube to the

does krypton look like? does krypton look like? Previous Question (What does krypton look like?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Why aren't Cl-35 and Cl-37 two different elements?) Why aren't Cl-35 and Cl-37two different elements? Is krypton dangerous? Krypton is a gas that is found in small amounts in the earth's atmosphere. Krypton's atomic structure is very stable. It has just enough electrons to fill its outer 'shell', so it doesn't tend to combine with other elements. Since it doesn't combine with other elements, it doesn't take part in chemical reactions, so it will not burn, cause corrosion, or do other chemical-like things. It is, however, possible for krypton to hurt you. If, for example, a room were to be filled with krypton, anyone entering the room would most likely

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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HITIQA is an interactive questionanswering technology designed to allow intelligence analysts and other users of information systems to pose questions in natural language and obtain relevant answers, or the assistance they require in order to perform ...

We describe an interactive questionanswering system, HITIQA, which helps users find answers to complex analytical problems. Such problems often necessitate the user to submit not one but an entire series of questions, both simple and complex, and then ...

In this article, we present a factoid question-answering system, Sibyl, specifically tailored for questionanswering (QA) on spoken-word documents. This work explores, for the first time, which techniques can be robustly adapted from the usual QA on ... Keywords: Questionanswering, spoken document retrieval

Why do protons and neutronshave the same mass? Why do protons and neutrons<br>have the same mass? Previous Question (Why do protons and neutrons have the same mass?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (How do you know plasma is real if you can't see it?) How do you know plasmais real if you can't see it? What is plasma? Plasma is the fourth state of matter. Many places teach that there are three states of matter; solid, liquid and gas, but there are actually four. The fourth is plasma. To put it very simply, a plasma is an ionized gas, a gas into which sufficient energy is provided to free electrons from atoms or molecules and to allow both species, ions and electrons, to coexist. The funny thing about that is, that as far as we know, plasmas are the most common state of matter in the universe. They are even common here on earth.

Meter Installations Meter Installations Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Reporting of Meter Installations Questions and answers related to the reporting of meter installations in the SmartGrid Integrated Project Reporting Information System (SIPRIS), both for the intial report and subsequent reports. Projects reporting jobs are part of the Smart Grid Investment Grant Project under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Reporting of Meter Installations More Documents & Publications Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Reporting Webinar Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Reporting of Jobs Created/Retained in SIPRIS

We present a questionanswering system that combines information at the lexical, syntactic, and semantic levels, in the process to find and rank the candidate answer sentences. The candidate exact answers are extracted from the candidate answer sentences by means of a combination of information-extraction techniques (named entity recognition) and patterns based on logical forms. The system participated in the questionanswering track of TREC 2004. 1

Since answers to fact-seeking questions usually reside within small factual text nuggets, often "hidden" within full-length documents, their relevance to a question is not necessarily correlated to the relevance of the full-length document to the question. ... Keywords: fact extraction, lightweight text analysis, questionanswering, web information retrieval

We examine the implementation of clarification dialogues, a mechanism for ensuring that questionanswering systems take into account user goals by allowing them to ask series of related questions either by refining or expanding on previous questions ...

Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Reporting of Jobs Created/Retained in SIPRIS Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Reporting of Jobs Created/Retained in SIPRIS Questions and answers related to the reporting of jobs in the SmartGrid Integrated Project Reporting Information System (SIPRIS), both for the intial report and subsequent reports. Projects reporting jobs are part of the Smart Grid Investment Grant Project under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Reporting of Jobs Created/Retained in SIPRIS More Documents & Publications Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Reporting Webinar Recovery Act Recipient Reporting on FederalReporting.gov

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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Your Unanswered Questions.... Answered - Batch 2 Your Unanswered Questions.... Answered - Batch 2 Your Unanswered Questions.... Answered - Batch 2 February 28, 2011 - 2:46pm Addthis Ginny Simmons Ginny Simmons Former Managing Editor for Energy.gov, Office of Public Affairs Last month, Secretary Chu hosted an online town hall to discuss President Obama's clean energy innovation agenda -- and while he was able to answer about 10 questions submitted online during the event, we received more than 200! For the next fews days, we're answering some of the ones Secretary Chu wasn't able to get to that day. Below is our second batch of questions and answers. From John Fahey over Facebook: How can we create a predictable investment environment for the renewable sector? President Obama's proposal to generate 80 percent of electricity from

QuestionAnswering (QA) is the task of searching a large text collection for specific answers to questions posed in natural language. Many QA systems rely heavily on Natural Language Processing (NLP) technology, such as syntactic and semantic parsing and named entity recognition, for question analysis and for answer generation. To access the text collection, QA systems often use off-the-shelf bag-of-words Information Retrieval (IR) solutions, which rank results by matching a set of keyterms extracted from the question. There is a fundamental disconnect between the capabilities of the bag-of-words retrieval model and the retrieval needs of the QA system. Bag-of-words IR retrieves documents matching a query, but the QA system really needs documents that contain answers. Through question analysis, the QA system has compiled a sophisticated information need representation for what constitutes an answer to the question. This representation is composed of a set of linguistic and semantic constraints

Got a Question? We Have an Answer! Got a Question? We Have an Answer! Got a Question? We Have an Answer! January 28, 2011 - 10:52am Addthis Elizabeth Spencer Communicator, National Renewable Energy Laboratory Editor's Note: This entry has been cross-posted from energysavers.gov. Have you ever had a question-maybe about energy efficiency, renewable energy, the Department of Energy or the like-and not had any idea where to find the answer? Have you ever gone through the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy's website and not known where to find what you're looking for? The reason I am asking all these questions is because I want to bring your attention to a well-established resource that you might not know about: the EERE Information Center! You can call us, e-mail your question, or contact us through a new "live

Tuesday Talk: Secretary Chu Answers Your Questions LIVE Tuesday Talk: Secretary Chu Answers Your Questions LIVE Tuesday Talk: Secretary Chu Answers Your Questions LIVE November 30, 2010 - 12:02pm Addthis John Schueler John Schueler Former New Media Specialist, Office of Public Affairs Later today Secretary Chu will be answering your questions as a part of the White House's Tuesday Talk series. The discussion will be broadcast live starting at 1:15 EST and will build off of the Secretary's speech at the National Press Club yesterday, which called on the United States to sharply accelerate innovations in clean energy. You can submit your questions for consideration via the White House's official Facebook page or Whitehouse.gov. You can also utilize the White House Facebook application to discuss the Tuesday Talk as it happens and

Answering Your Questions about Grid Modernization Answering Your Questions about Grid Modernization Answering Your Questions about Grid Modernization June 18, 2013 - 10:47am Addthis Patricia A. Hoffman Patricia A. Hoffman Assistant Secretary, Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability Smart Grid Recap Find other articles in the Smart Grid Week series by visiting our Smart Grid page. During last week's Smart Grid Week, we highlighted some of the efforts currently underway to modernize the nation's electric grid. Below are answers to some of the questions submitted by readers. As we continue to build a more reliable, resilient and secure grid, I look forward to an ongoing dialogue. Question: What's the difference between the smart grid and a microgrid? The term "smart grid" has come to mean a range of technologies, tools

Answering Your Questions about Grid Modernization Answering Your Questions about Grid Modernization Answering Your Questions about Grid Modernization June 18, 2013 - 10:47am Addthis Patricia A. Hoffman Patricia A. Hoffman Assistant Secretary, Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability Smart Grid Recap Find other articles in the Smart Grid Week series by visiting our Smart Grid page. During last week's Smart Grid Week, we highlighted some of the efforts currently underway to modernize the nation's electric grid. Below are answers to some of the questions submitted by readers. As we continue to build a more reliable, resilient and secure grid, I look forward to an ongoing dialogue. Question: What's the difference between the smart grid and a microgrid? The term "smart grid" has come to mean a range of technologies, tools

The answering communities, such as Yahoo! Answers, offer great intelligence to help people solve questions. Participants can express their judgements towards answers and the system also keeps a record for every user. Retrieving Question-Answer pairs ... Keywords: collaborative ranking, continuous markov model, questionanswering

, Information and Computation, pages 484Â­492 #12;supposed to be the consequence between the greenhouse gas is the greenhouse gas? Answer 1 Greenhouse gas is a kind of gas that causes greenhouse effect. Answer 2 Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, etc.. Questions like "What is the greenhouse gas

NUREG/CR-6204 is a collection of questions and answers that were originally issued in seven sets and which pertain to revised 10 CFR Part 20. The questions came from both outside and within the NRC. The answers were compiled and provided by NRC staff within the offices of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, Nuclear Regulatory Research, the Office of State Programs, and the five regional offices. Although all of the questions and answers have been reviewed by attorneys in the NRC Office of the General Counsel, they do not constitute official legal interpretations relevant to revised 10 CFR Part 20. The questions and answers do, however, reflect NRC staff decisions and technical options on aspects of the revised 10 CFR Part 20 regulatory requirements. This NUREG is being made available to encourage communication among the public, industry, and NRC staff concerning the major revisions of the NRC`s standards for protection against radiation.

Jobs Created/Retained in SIPRIS Jobs Created/Retained in SIPRIS Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Reporting of Jobs Created/Retained in SIPRIS Questions and answers related to the reporting of jobs in the SmartGrid Integrated Project Reporting Information System (SIPRIS), both for the intial report and subsequent reports. Projects reporting jobs are part of the Smart Grid Investment Grant Project under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Reporting of Jobs Created/Retained in SIPRIS More Documents & Publications Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Reporting Webinar Recovery Act Recipient Reporting on FederalReporting.gov Smart Grid Grant Program Recipient Reporting Guidance

Roofs: Your QuestionsAnswered Roofs: Your QuestionsAnswered Cool Roofs: Your QuestionsAnswered January 6, 2011 - 2:58pm Addthis John Schueler John Schueler Former New Media Specialist, Office of Public Affairs Last month Secretary Chu announced that the Department of Energy had installed a "cool roof" atop the west building of our Washington, DC headquarters. The announcement elicited a fair number of questions from his Facebook fans, so we decided to reach out to the people behind the project for their insight on the specific benefits of switching to a cool roof, and the process that went into making that choice. Jim Bullis (Facebook): So what is the percentage saving of energy bills for this building? Answer: The West Building cool roof is estimated to save about $2,000 per

ESPC ENABLE Webinar for ESCOs ESPC ENABLE Webinar for ESCOs Question and Answer Session Recap 9/13/2012 ESPC ENABLE Program, Process, and General Questions - Question: Would a copy of these slides be available to the attendees? Answer: Yes, we will be sending them out and posting them on the FEMP website after the webinar. The ESPC ENABLE Website is: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/financing/espc_enable.html Question: Will agencies be permitted to combine financing and appropriations? Answer: It would certainly be allowed, however, it is expected that the majority of the target sites will not have appropriations to apply to these projects. Question: It was mentioned that Option A is used for M&V. Do you require measurement under Option A of loads and operating hours or can they be stipulated such as typical M&V Guidelines may allow?

is shale gas? is shale gas? Basically, it is natural gas - primarily methane - found in shale formations, some of which were formed 300-million-to-400-million years ago during the Devonian period of Earth's history. The shales were deposited as fine silt and clay particles at the bottom of relatively enclosed bodies of water. At roughly the same time, primitive plants were forming forests on land and the first amphibians were making an appearance. Some of the methane that formed from the organic matter buried with the sediments escaped into sandy rock layers adjacent to the shales, forming conventional accumulations of natural gas which are relatively easy to extract. But some of it remained locked in the tight, low permeability shale layers, becoming shale gas.

One of the main challenges in question-answering is the potential mismatch between the expressions in questions and the expressions in texts. While humans appear to use inference rules such as ‘X writes Y’ implies ‘X is the author of ...

Questions & AnswersQuestions & Answers Updated: September 27, 2010 Q. How do I make changes to previously processed timecards? A. Please see this notice sent to all employees to explain the process for making changes to previously processed timecards. Updated: September 2, 2010 Q. When is the monthly vacation accrual reflected for the vacation totals? My pay stub reflects the correct amount, but FTL does not. A. The monthly vacation accrual is reflected in FTL the day it becomes available to use, which is the first of the next month. Updated: July 22, 2010 Q. I have a question about how to report my hours. Where can I look for answers? A. Monthly and weekly employees can check the "Hours of Work" section of the WDRS website. Monthly employees can also read this collection of Q&A.

Applicability of Buy American Provision of Section 1605 of the Recovery Act Applicability of Buy American Provision of Section 1605 of the Recovery Act to Projects Under the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Applicability of Buy American Provision of Section 1605 of the Recovery Act to Projects Under the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program Q&A for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Applicability of Buy American Provision of Section 1605 of the Recovery Act to Projects Under the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program. Three questions are provided that must be answered in the affirmative in order for the Buy American provision to be applicable to the Recovery Act project.. Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Applicability of Buy American Provision of Section 1605 of the Recovery Act

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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While these samples are representative of the content of NLEBeta,
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We encourage you to perform a real-time search of NLEBeta
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Someone told me that Cherenkov radiationis analogous to breaking the sound barrier... Someone told me that Cherenkov radiation<br>is analogous to breaking the sound barrier... Previous Question (Someone told me that Cherenkov radiation is analogous to breaking the sound barrier...) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (If energy is formed by a generator, how does it form the energy?) If energy is formed by a generator,how does it form the energy? Do radioactive things glow in the dark? The short answer to your question is "no," radioactive things do not glow in the dark - not by themselves anyway. Radiation emitted by radioactive materials is not visible to the human eye. However, there are ways to"convert" this invisible energy to visible light. Many substances will emit visible light if "stimulated" by the ionizing radiation from

do I read an electronconfiguration table? do I read an electron<br>configuration table? Previous Question (How do I read an electron configuration table?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What keeps electrons revolving around the nucleus of an atom?) What keeps electrons revolvingaround the nucleus of an atom? What holds an electron revolving around the nucleus? Why don't they just go zooming around everywhere? What causes the force that holds atoms together? The answer is electricity and magnetism. The atom's center, or nucleus, is positively charged and the electrons that whirl around this nucleus are negatively charged, so they attract each other. The reason the force is strong is because the atom is so small. The distance between the nucleus and the electrons is about 1

is the charge of an up quarkand of down quark? is the charge of an up quark<br>and of down quark? Previous Question (What is the charge of an up quark and of down quark?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Is vacuum matter? What are ten things that are not matter? ) Is vacuum matter? What are tenthings that are not matter? Are quarks confineable for study? Quarks we study at Jefferson Lab are confined to each other by nature's laws. We shine our electrons on them to observe their behavior in their confined state. This is not so different from turning on a light to see a gold fish swimming in a glass bowl. Author: Nathan Isgur, Theory Group Leader (Other answers by Nathan Isgur) Related Pages: All About Atoms What is the smallest particle of matter known? Could there be anything smaller inside of an electron or inside of a

How many neutrons can you add to anatom without it getting unbalanced? How many neutrons can you add to an<br>atom without it getting unbalanced? Previous Question (How many neutrons can you add to an atom without it getting unbalanced?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (How long is the life span of an atom?) How long is the life span of an atom? Are nitrogen, arsenic, and tantalum radioactive? The answer is yes and no. Let's see why. When you want to know about elements, you go look in the periodic table. But what you see listed in the periodic table of the elements is only part of the picture. For every element listed, there are different "flavors" called isotopes. All of the elements have at least one isotope that is radioactive. So, we can say that there is such a thing as radioactive nitrogen, arsenic and tantalum. Some

empty space,why don't things pass through them? empty space,<br>why don't things pass through them? Previous Question (If atoms are mostly empty space, why don't things pass through them?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (How fast do electrons move?) How fast do electrons move? If all physical things are made of atoms, then why do different physical things have different physical properties? Like why is wood hard and rubber soft? Well, guys, the answer is CHEMISTRY! You are asking the right questions, and if you extend the question a little bit, I think you would probably have one of those "Eureka!" moments of discovery. Yes, all things are made of atoms, and all atoms are made of the same three basic particles - protons, neutrons, and electrons. But, all atoms are not the same. You know

Questions and Answers on the New Access Control System at DOE Headquarters Questions and Answers on the New Access Control System at DOE Headquarters Q1 Why is the current access control system to security areas being changed? Q2 How is the new access control system different from the existing one? Q3 Who is affected? Q4 When will the new proximity card readers be installed? Q5 How will affected personnel at DOE HQ be notified about the installation of the proximity card readers that will affect their access to the HQ facilities and security areas, and the actions they will be required to take to assure their HSPD-12 badge will operate in the new readers? Q6 What will DOE HQ "Q" and "L" badged employees need to do? Q7 Will all DOE HQ security areas be changed out to the new access control system at the same time?

Reaching for answers to questions about the heart Reaching for answers to questions about the heart Michael Reedy (Duke University) and Tanya Bekyarova (Illinois Institute of Technology) in action on the Bio-CAT beamline 18-ID at the U.S. Department of Energy's Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. They are studying mechanisms of stretch activation in insect flight muscle. Stretch activation is very important in human heart muscle when contraction of one part of the heart stretches adjacent muscle tissue causing it to respond a moment later by generating more force aiding cardiac "ejection," i.e., the amount of blood pumped per beat. Muscle structure and function can be studied using high-brilliance x-ray beams, such as those produced by the APS, and the experimental technique time-resolved small-angle fiber

Questions & AnswersQuestions & Answers I received an e-mail stating that I have received a traffic citation, but I did not. What do I do? The email I received states that I have five working days after receiving a citation to appeal, what does that mean? I filled out the citation appeal form and submitted it, what happens next? I missed the five day deadline, what do I do now? I lost my appeal and disagree with the results, what do I do now? I lost my appeal and received disciplinary action, what do I do now? I received a citation but did not sign it because I disagreed with the charge and that, without my signature, it would not be considered a valid citation. I received an email saying that it was a violation. Why did this happen? Why should I appeal a citation? Employees never win anyway.

is an electric current? is an electric current? Previous Question (What is an electric current?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Do you know what an electromagnet is?) Do you know whatan electromagnet is? How do you explain electrical resistance? I'm assuming you are asking for advice on "how to" explain resistance - perhaps to a school class. At any rate, here's a reasonably non-technical description you can consider. In a metal, the atoms are arranged in a crystal-like configuration. The type of metal will determine how the bonds are arranged, and how closely the atoms are grouped. Electrons can inhabit energy levels. Generally, only the "outer" electrons in an atom interact to form the bonds with other atoms. These outer electrons are held to the atom with a relatively small

isn't matter being createdor destroyed today? isn't matter being created<br>or destroyed today? Previous Question (Why isn't matter being created or destroyed today?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What are the relative masses of protons, neutrons and electrons?) What are the relative masses ofprotons, neutrons and electrons? Why don't atoms weigh anything? Oh, but they do weigh something! Weighing sub-atomic particles is one of the things we do here at Jefferson Lab. You can imagine though that the scale we use to weigh particles is pretty bizarre. The weight of a particle is an important piece of information needed to figure out the properties of matter. Knowing the weight of atoms helps solve a completely different, but related, problem of how much the universe weighs. Believe it or not, there

How cold is liquid nitrogen? How cold is liquid nitrogen? Previous Question (How cold is liquid nitrogen?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (If you jumped into a pool of liquid oxygen, would your body instantly crystallize?) If you jumped into a pool of liquid oxygen,would your body instantly crystallize? Is there anything colder than liquid nitrogen? Yes, there are things colder than liquid nitrogen, like most of the Universe! I assume, though, that you mean things on the Earth. There actually is an entire branch of science called cryogenics that deals with really cold things. Generally the science of cryogenics is when the temperature goes below that which we can reach with conventional refrigeration equipment, around 250 degrees (Fahrenheit) below zero. Many

is an accelerator? is an accelerator? Previous Question (What is an accelerator?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Where and how do you get your electrons for your accelerator?) Where and how do you get yourelectrons for your accelerator? Does an atom smasher really smash atoms? Well, yes, they do, but we now prefer to call them by their less aggression-centered name, "particle harmony disrupters." Of course some atom smashers do much more smashing than others. We use electrons in our accelerator to study the nucleus of an atom. Remember that electrons are negative, as are the electrons surrounding the target. Since like charged particles repel each other, our particles have to have enough energy to blast through that electron cloud to get to the nucleus. The electrons then

type of charge isproduced when...? type of charge is<br>produced when...? Previous Question (What type of charge is produced when...?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (How do you explain electrical resistance?) How do you explainelectrical resistance? What is an electric current? To understand what an electrical current is, you have to understand a little bit about the atom. Check out All About Atoms. Anyway, in a nutshell, atoms are split into two parts. The first is the nucleus that contains protons and sometimes neutrons. Orbiting around the nucleus are electrons. Usually there are the same number of electrons as there are protons. Now protons really determine what a material is, but electrons are where the action is. Almost all of what we interact with and things like

Which element has 11 protonsand 12 neutrons? Which element has 11 protons<br>and 12 neutrons? Previous Question (Which element has 11 protons and 12 neutrons?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Does sodium have any isotopes? Is it radioactive?) Does sodium have anyisotopes? Is it radioactive? What's the difference between hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, neon, copper, gold and magnesium? Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, neon, copper, gold and magnesium all have different physical and chemical properties. You can find descriptions of all of these elements on our Periodic Table of Elements. The single most important difference between these elements is the number of protons each one contains in its nucleus. The number of protons an atom contains dictates how many electrons it will have. It is the arrangement of

If you jumped into a pool of liquid oxygen,would your body instantly crystallize? If you jumped into a pool of liquid oxygen,<br>would your body instantly crystallize? Previous Question (If you jumped into a pool of liquid oxygen, would your body instantly crystallize?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What is a material with a freezing point above 0 degrees Celsius?) What is a material with a freezingpoint above 0 degrees Celsius? What's the melting point of steel? That depends on the alloy of steel you are talking about. The term alloy is almost always used incorrectly these days, especially amongst bicyclists. They use the term to mean aluminum. What the term alloy really means is a mixture of metals, any kind of metals. Almost all metal used today is a mixture and therefore an alloy. Most steel has other metals added to tune its properties, like strength,

Evaluation is a major driving force in advancing the state of the art in language technologies. In particular, methods for automatically assessing the quality of machine output is the preferred method for measuring progress, provided that these metrics have been validated against human judgments. Following recent developments in the automatic evaluation of machine translation and document summarization, we present a similar approach, implemented in a measure called Pourpre, an automatic technique for evaluating answers to complex questions based on n-gram co-occurrences between machine output and a human-generated answer key. Until now, the only way to assess the correctness of answers to such questions involves manual determination of whether an information “nugget ” appears in a system’s response. The lack of automatic methods for scoring system output is an impediment to progress in the field, which we address with this work. Experiments with the TREC 2003, TREC 2004, and TREC 2005 QA tracks indicate that rankings produced by our metric correlate highly with official rankings, and that Pourpre outperforms direct application of existing metrics. 1

We explore the relationship between questionanswering and constraint relaxation in spoken dialog systems. We develop dialogue strategies for selecting and presenting information succinctly. In particular, we describe methods for dealing with the results of database queries in informationseeking dialogs. Our goal is to structure the dialogue in such a way that the user is neither overwhelmed with information nor left uncertain as to how to refine the query further. We present evaluation results obtained from a user study involving 20 subjects in a restaurant selection task. 1

atoms make up sugar? atoms make up sugar? Previous Question (What atoms make up sugar?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (In the equation for methane, why is there more hydrogen than carbon?) In the equation for methane, why isthere more hydrogen than carbon? Is carbon found in all organic and inorganic matter? The answer is yes and no. Yes, carbon IS found in all organic matter, but NOT in inorganic matter. Although there are many definitions of "organic," in the scientific disciplines, the basic definition comes from chemistry. In chemistry, organic means chemical compounds with carbon in them. In a more general sense, organic refers to living things. And this is connected to the idea of organic chemistry being based on carbon compounds. Organic

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

Note: This page contains sample records for the topic "answer basic questions" from the National Library of EnergyBeta (NLEBeta).
While these samples are representative of the content of NLEBeta,
they are not comprehensive nor are they the most current set.
We encourage you to perform a real-time search of NLEBeta
to obtain the most current and comprehensive results.

This work investigates the use of linguistically motivated features to improve search, in particular for ranking answers to non-factoid questions. We show that it is possible to exploit existing large collections of question-answer pairs (from online ...

If things are made from atoms, why dodifferent things have different properties? If things are made from atoms, why do<br>different things have different properties? Previous Question (If things are made from atoms, why do different things have different properties?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What do we use to measure mass?) What do we use to measure mass? How fast do electrons move? As fast as you can get them going! Well not quite. One of the facts of life discovered in the 20th century is that the speed of light (300,000 kilometers per second) is the ultimate speed limit. As you add energy to the electron, it will go faster, but as you get it to go close to the speed of light, you find that you have to add even more energy just to bump it a bit faster. For example, with just over 220,000 eV (which stands for a

D (2001) -- Household Bottled Gas (LPG or Propane) Usage Form D (2001) -- Household Bottled Gas (LPG or Propane) Usage Form OMB No. 1905-0092, Expiring February 29, 2004 2001 Residential Energy Consumption Survey Answers to Frequently Asked Questions About the Household Bottled Gas (LPG or Propane) Usage Form What is the purpose of the Residential Energy Consumption Survey? The Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) collects data on energy consumption and expenditures in U.S. housing units. Over 5,000 statistically selected households across the U.S. have already provided information about their household, the physical characteristics of their housing unit, their energy-using equipment, and their energy suppliers. Now we are requesting the energy billing records for these households from each of their energy suppliers. After all this information has been collected, the information will be used to

Most people know that electric power lines, like the wiring in our homes, can cause serious electric shocks if we`re not careful. Many people also want to know whether the electric and magnetic fields (EMF) produced by power lines and other electrical devices cause health effects. The purpose of this pamphlet is to answer some common questions that the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) receives about the possible effects of power lines on health. (BPA is the Pacific Northwest`s Federal electric power marketing agency.) First, some basic electrical terms are defined, and electric and magnetic fields are described. Next, answers are given to several questions about recent scientific studies. We then describe how BPA is addressing public concerns raised by these studies. Some important information about electrical safety follows. The last section tells you how to obtain more detailed information about the health and safety issues summarized in this pamphlet.

The Office of Energy Research, US DOE is evaluating the concept of obtaining significant amounts of electrical energy from space through the Satellite Power System Project Office (SPS PO) formed for that purpose. The SPS PO prepared and is implementing a Concept Development and Evaluation Program plan. The CDEP runs roughly three years (from July 1977 through July 1980) and consists of four primary elements: (1) Systems Definition, (2) Environmental Assessment, (3) Societal Assessment, and (4) Comparative Assessment. One facet of the Societal Assessment is an investigation of public concerns. To further this investigation, a public outreach experiment was initiated to determine the initial response of three selected interest groups to the SPS, both qualitatively and quantititavely, and to gain some experience for use in future public participation activities. Three groups were contacted and agreed to participate in the experiment. They were: the Citizens Energy Project (CEP), the Forum for the Advancement of Students in Science and Technology (FASST), and the L-5 Society (L-5). They each agreed to condense twenty final SPS reports into approximately four pages each, have them typeset, printed and distributed to 3,000 of their constituents for their review, together with a request that they respond to the parent organization regarding the information presented. All responses were summarized and provided to Planning Research Corporation who then solicited the answers from the SPS PO investigator most directly concerned.The questions and answers are presented and will be distributed by the three groups to the individual respondents. Each of the three groups is also preparing a report to the Project Office detailing their work and results. These, together with other responses and studies will be used to more effectively involve the public in the SPS Participatory Technology Process.

The authors of this paper investigate terms of consumers' diabetes based on a log from the Yahoo!Answers social question and answers (Q&A) forum, ascertain characteristics and relationships among terms related to diabetes from the consumers' perspective, ... Keywords: Diabetes, Information seeking pattern, Q&A, Social question and answers, Term analysis, Visualization analysis

What is a meniscus? What is a meniscus? Previous Question (What is a meniscus?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What is the sun made from?) What is the sun made from? How can I explain the Quantum/Wave theory to my class? You can't! The folks who have postulated the quantum nature of matter and wave-particle duality, and other quantum theories have trouble explaining it in terms other than mathematical equations. When trying to explain it in conceptual terms, we're asked to accept things that don't make sense, and in some ways, physicists use this as justification that the theory is correct. Anyway, here are a couple ideas for discussing the quantum/wave properties of energy. Until around 1900, when Max Planck developed the idea of quanta, energy had been thought to be a phenomenon of continuous flow - basically waves.

In this thesis, we look at the behavior of posting questions as status updates on popular social network sites like Twitter and Facebook. This question asking behavior is similar to the use of search engines, question and ...

and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program November 24, 2010 1 Reporting of Monthly Meter Installations Reporting of Meter Installations The Smart Grid Investment Grant Program has been receiving numerous and ongoing requests from the Administration and from the Congress for status of smart meter installations on projects. To date we have answered these requests by querying selected recipients who are doing significant meter installation as part of their projects on an as needed basis. It has become apparent that these requests will continue for the foreseeable future. In order to expeditiously and completely respond to these

This paper describes the QUASAR QuestionAnswering Information System developed by the RFIA group at the Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos y Computación of the Universidad Politécnica of Valencia for the 2005 edition of the CLEF Question ...

Property Issues Property Issues Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Property Issues In response to questions excerpted from a November 25, 2009 letter from Exelon Business Services Company to DOE, the Department published questions and answers relating to property issues. Relevant projects are part of the Smart Grid Investment Grant Project under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: Property Issues More Documents & Publications Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: FAQ on Guidance for Submitting Requests for Approval of Encumbrance Davis Bacon Act Applicability to Smart Grid Investment Grant (SGIG) Program Grants Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program:

In this paper, we report on Qaviar, an experimental automated evaluation system for questionanswering applications. The goal of our research was to find an automatically calculated measure that correlates well with human judges ' assessment of answer correctness in the context of questionanswering tasks. Qaviar judges the response by computing recall against the stemmed content words in the humangenerated answer key. It counts the answer correct if it exceeds a given recall threshold. We determined that the answer correctness predicted by Qaviar agreed with the human 93 % to 95 % of the time. 41 question-answering systems were ranked by both Qaviar and human assessors, and these rankings correlated with a Kendall’s Tau measure of 0.920, compared to a correlation of 0.956 between human assessors on the same data. 1.

As part of the ongoing project, Project Halo, our goal is to build a system capable of answeringquestions posed by novice users to a formal knowledge base. In our current context, the knowledge base covers selected topics in physics, chemistry, and ... Keywords: controlled language, knowledge-based systems, problem solving, questionanswering

This paper describes the participation of the Technical University of Catalonia in the CLEF 2008 QuestionAnswering on Speech Transcripts track. We have participated in the English and Spanish scenarios of QAst. For the processing of manual transcripts ... Keywords: evaluation, questionanswering, spoken document retrieval

In today's environment of information overload, QuestionAnswering (QA) is a critically important research area for the Semantic Web. In order for humans to make effective use of the expansive information sources available to us, we require automated ... Keywords: information retrieval, language modeling, questionanswering, statistical language modeling

A: AIP Program Principles (Questions and Answers 1-12) A: AIP Program Principles (Questions and Answers 1-12) Attachment A: AIP Program Principles (Questions and Answers 1-12) AIP Program Principles This attachment contains twelve questions and answers that designate the mandatory AIP provisions that shall be included in new and renegotiated agreements and discusses the principles underlying these requirements. Headquarters approval is required if mandatory language is not included in a new or renegotiated AIP. Question #1: Can States use AIP funds to support State regulatory activities? Answer: No, States cannot use AIP funds to support their regulatory activities. The Office of Management and Budget and the Department's congressional oversight committees have consistently indicated that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the states are required to use their current

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

Note: This page contains sample records for the topic "answer basic questions" from the National Library of EnergyBeta (NLEBeta).
While these samples are representative of the content of NLEBeta,
they are not comprehensive nor are they the most current set.
We encourage you to perform a real-time search of NLEBeta
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- lems, another example perhaps being Krause (1979). In an attempt to see if a useful natural language. Other uses of the files are apparent from inspection of the questions asked of the system, a sample

are of three types: #12;Topic number 2: Fred Durst 2.1 FACTOID What is the name of Durst's group? 2.2 FACTOID was Durst born? 2.5 OTHER Other Table 1: A topic in TREC 2004 FACTOID: Questions about specific facts

to the Energy Commission or providing support once PON-10-602 awards have been made. 8. Question: Can Level 3 DC, the Energy Commission will not fund the actual installation or purchase of a DC Fast Charger through this solicitation. Applicants may seek funding for DC Fast Chargers from the Energy Commission's upcoming

LIVE Q&A TODAY: Answering Your Wind Energy Questions LIVE Q&A TODAY: Answering Your Wind Energy Questions LIVE Q&A TODAY: Answering Your Wind Energy Questions August 8, 2013 - 12:03pm Addthis On Thursday, August 8, we hosted a Google+ Hangout on wind energy in America. Watch as our clean energy experts take your questions. Erin R. Pierce Erin R. Pierce Digital Communications Specialist, Office of Public Affairs How can I participate? Tweet questions to @ENERGY with the hashtag #AskEnergy. Ask us on Facebook and Google+. Email questions to newmedia@hq.doe.gov. Watch the livestream on energy.gov/live or on the Google+ event page. Earlier this week, we released two new reports that showcase the record-breaking growth of the U.S. wind power market in 2012. Today, August 8, at 3 pm ET, we invite you to discuss key findings from the report by

LIVE Q&A TODAY: Answering Your Wind Energy Questions LIVE Q&A TODAY: Answering Your Wind Energy Questions LIVE Q&A TODAY: Answering Your Wind Energy Questions August 8, 2013 - 12:03pm Addthis On Thursday, August 8, we hosted a Google+ Hangout on wind energy in America. Watch as our clean energy experts take your questions. Erin R. Pierce Erin R. Pierce Digital Communications Specialist, Office of Public Affairs How can I participate? Tweet questions to @ENERGY with the hashtag #AskEnergy. Ask us on Facebook and Google+. Email questions to newmedia@hq.doe.gov. Watch the livestream on energy.gov/live or on the Google+ event page. Earlier this week, we released two new reports that showcase the record-breaking growth of the U.S. wind power market in 2012. Today, August 8, at 3 pm ET, we invite you to discuss key findings from the report by

LIVE Q&A TODAY: Answering Your Wind Energy Questions LIVE Q&A TODAY: Answering Your Wind Energy Questions LIVE Q&A TODAY: Answering Your Wind Energy Questions August 8, 2013 - 12:03pm Addthis On Thursday, August 8, we hosted a Google+ Hangout on wind energy in America. Watch as our clean energy experts take your questions. Erin R. Pierce Erin R. Pierce Digital Communications Specialist, Office of Public Affairs How can I participate? Tweet questions to @ENERGY with the hashtag #AskEnergy. Ask us on Facebook and Google+. Email questions to newmedia@hq.doe.gov. Watch the livestream on energy.gov/live or on the Google+ event page. Earlier this week, we released two new reports that showcase the record-breaking growth of the U.S. wind power market in 2012. Today, August 8, at 3 pm ET, we invite you to discuss key findings from the report by

This paper describes the participation of the Technical University of Catalonia in the CLEF 2009 QuestionAnswering on Speech Transcripts track. We have participated in the English and Spanish scenarios of QAST. For both manual and automatic transcripts ...

Ener-Gee Whiz Answers Your Questions: Thermostat Settings and Solar Ener-Gee Whiz Answers Your Questions: Thermostat Settings and Solar Water Heaters Ener-Gee Whiz Answers Your Questions: Thermostat Settings and Solar Water Heaters June 23, 2009 - 12:54pm Addthis Amy Foster Parish Ener-Gee Whiz would like to offer a hearty thanks to all of you who've written in for your great efficiency and renewables related questions. Now, on to some answers! Patti writes: Is it efficient to raise the thermostat in a business when the business is closed during air conditioning season? Ener-Gee Whiz: Your business might be able to save energy-and money-by turning your thermostat up during the cooling season. But how much energy and money you save are largely dependent on how much you set your thermostat back and for how long. The Energy Savers website suggests that

QUESTIONS AND QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS on the SECRETARIAL POLICY STATEMENT on the NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT Office of Environment, Safety and Health U.S. Department of Energy Office of NEPA Oversight U.S. Department of Energy Office of NEPA Oversight, July 1994 1 I. Delegations of Authority Questions and Answers on the Secretarial Policy Statement on the National Environmental Policy Act 1. Will the Office of Environment, Safety and Health retain approval authority for any environmental assessments? (I.A) * Answer: No, not once the delegation process is completed no later than December 31, 1994. 2. Will approval authority for non-programmatic environmental impact statements be delegated? (I.A) Answer: At this time, there are no plans to delegate authority for non- programmatic environmental impact statements; case-by-case delegations

How is radioactivity measured? How is radioactivity measured? Previous Question (How is radioactivity measured?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Why do we use radioactivity to destroy cancers?) Why do we use radioactivityto destroy cancers? How does the radioactivity of an atom affect the body? You've asked a very broad question, so we'll have to split it up into smaller chunks in order to give you a reasonable answer. This is a topic that is very much misunderstood by most people and it's hard to give a short answer. You may know that all of us have radioactive material in our bodies naturally. There has always been radioactive material on earth (in fact, a million years ago, there was more present than there is today), and people have therefore always been exposed to it. There has also always been cosmic

I am creating an electromagnetfor my science fair project. I am creating an electromagnet<br>for my science fair project. Previous Question (I am creating an electromagnet for my science fair project.) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Which jobs use electromagnets?) Which jobs use electromagnets? Why is it (in detail) that the more coils you add to an electromagnet, the stronger its magnetic field is? If I go into detail, I will soon reach a point at which I can't do the math! But the answer to your question is simpler than you might think. First, picture the straight piece of wire that your magnet is made of before it's wrapped up in coils. Now, if you run a current through it, is it a magnet? The answer is "Yes." This is because (repeat after me): any electric charge in motion creates a magnetic field. The magnetic field

did Thomas Jeffersondo as a scientist? did Thomas Jefferson<br>do as a scientist? Previous Question (What did Thomas Jefferson do as a scientist?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (How long would it take a person on a bicycle-type generator to create an atom?) How long would it take a person on abicycle-type generator to create an atom? Can you explain why the United States uses Fahrenheit instead of Celsius? Answer 1 The answer to the your question is in Sir Isaac Newton's first law of motion, which is more commonly known as inertia. That is, that when something gets going it is hard to stop it or change its direction. It would be a really good thing if we just bit the bullet and made the change to the metric system or, more properly, to International Units. Even NASA

Ener-Gee Whiz Answers Your Questions: Wind vs. Solar Ener-Gee Whiz Answers Your Questions: Wind vs. Solar Ener-Gee Whiz Answers Your Questions: Wind vs. Solar August 11, 2009 - 12:48pm Addthis Amy Foster Parish Costa writes: Do you think using wind is better than using solar to generate electricity? Ener-Gee Whiz: If you're considering installing a renewable energy system and are having a hard time deciding between the wind turbines and solar panels, you might find that the right renewable energy system for you depends on a number of factors. The first and most obvious consideration is the wind or solar resource in your area. While there is a tendency to think that the wind always blows and the sun always shines no matter where you're located, wind and solar resources are actually quite variable across the United States.

Can you crush atoms? Can you crush atoms? Previous Question (Can you crush atoms?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Atoms without neutrons?) Atoms without neutrons? What are the components of an atom? How much does each atom weigh? The answer to both your questions are tucked away in one of coolest charts anyone has ever thought up. Around 100 years ago this very organized sort of guy named Dimitri Ivanovich Mendeleyev put the names and properties of all the chemicals he knew onto cards. He then tried arranging them in a way that made sense in a sort of Chemist's game of Solitaire. The resulting chart, called The Periodic Table of Elements, has contributed probably more than anything else to our understanding of matter. When you begin studying the Periodic table in school, pay close attention. There is a tremendous

carbon found in all organicand inorganic matter? carbon found in all organic<br>and inorganic matter? Previous Question (Is carbon found in all organic and inorganic matter?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (How do you separate tungsten from its ore?) How do you separatetungsten from its ore? In the chemical equation CH4 for methane gas why is there more hydrogen than carbon? This is a very good question, and the answer is at the heart of modern atomic physics. The nucleus is at the center of the atom, like the sun is at the center of the solar system. Electrons move around in orbits around the nucleus, like the planets around the sun. But there is an important difference: electrons can only have very special energies, which correspond to specific orbits. The orbits in the atoms are called shells, and each shell can only hold so

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there in the world? there in the world? Previous Question (How many atoms are there in the world?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Could you please explain density?) Could you please explain density? How many atoms would it take to create a ton? There's a lot more to this question than first appears. There are many types of atoms and each of them has its own mass, so the answer varies depending on which atom you are talking about. Since even a tiny bit of matter has many atoms, it has become customary to use the unit "mole" to signify a standard number of atoms, namely, it is Avogadro's number which (almost) equals 6*1023, or 600,000 billion billon. If you look up the periodic table of elements, one of the numbers usually listed is the atomic mass which is the mass (in grams) of one mole of those atoms. Let's use

If energy is formed by a generator,how does it form the energy? If energy is formed by a generator,<br>how does it form the energy? Previous Question (If energy is formed by a generator, how does it form the energy?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What is the fastest type of energy?) What is the fastest type of energy? Do rotating magnets create energy? Where can I find more information on this subject? The first law of thermodynamics is that matter/energy cannot be "created" or destroyed. We can convert energy from one form to another. For instance, in a car, we convert chemical energy (actually the binding energy of electrons) to heat, which in turn is converted to kinetic energy (motion). Your question has a similar answer. When you rotate a magnet, you are using kinetic energy to move it. This kinetic energy can be converted to

Does an atom smasherreally smash atoms? Does an atom smasher<br>really smash atoms? Previous Question (Does an atom smasher really smash atoms?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Why do you need high energy to look at or observe quarks?) Why do you need high energyto look at or observe quarks? Where and how do you get your electrons for your accelerator? What kind of machine or process did they use to split the first atom all those years ago and how expensive was it for them? The answer to this question can be ridiculously simple or almost Star Trekish. When we started Jefferson Lab we used a very simple source for electrons, a hot wire, much like that of a light bulb filament. Electrons fly off the wire in all directions, so we put the wire in an electric field to get them to head off in the right direction. This field sucked the

would you get if you combinedone atom from every element? would you get if you combined<br>one atom from every element? Previous Question (What would you get if you combined one atom from every element?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What is an electric current?) What is an electric current? What type of charge is produced when an electric field separates positive and negative charges? In a way, you have answered your own question! All objects that have an electric charge at all have a charge which is either positive or negative. In either case, the charge can be large or small. The charge of the object has a particular value corresponding to a positive number for positive charges and a negative number for negative charges. Objects with no charge, or neutral objects, can be thought of as having an electric charge of zero.

Questions, Answers and Clarifications Commercial Scale Advanced Biofuels Production Facilities biofuels production facility? A.1 An existing biofuels facility is an existing facility that, as of the application due date of PON-13-601, produces (or did produce) biofuels in California. Q.2 Must an eligible

Questions & Answers Solicitation to Address High Purchase Costs and Disposal Impacts of PEV Battery Packs PON12501 1. Relating to both Research Topic Areas, at what stage of the research does the Energ Commission envision a battery manufacturer needing to be involved? y The Energy

the Geothermal Workshop NOTE: It is suggested that interested persons also read the Questions and Answers from. No, but it would be helpful. 5. The scoring criteria appear not to favor geothermal analysis solicitation package. 9. If an applicant plans to use proprietary software in a geothermal project, does

Eighteen corporations and manufacturers provided answers to many questions posed at a public meeting on energy efficiency standards for eight consumer products. Questions on the regulations concerning the manufacturing standards, performance standards, and testing standards are included. Questions were posed about air conditioners, refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, stoves (ranges), ovens, clothes dryers, oil fired burners, water heaters, furnaces, etc. A presentation containing information pertaining to the values of average annual energy consumption per unit used by DOE in its analysis leading to proposed energy efficiency standards for nine types of consumer products is included. (MCW)

How much does it cost a yearto run Jefferson Lab? How much does it cost a year<br>to run Jefferson Lab? Previous Question (How much does it cost a year to run Jefferson Lab?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Why did it take so long to build Jefferson Lab?) Why did it take so longto build Jefferson Lab? Why are the Halls in bio-dome shapes? The answer to your question is the answer to many questions... money. The shape of our experimental halls was that which could do the job and spend the least amount of money. There are several reasons for this that you won't quite understand unless you have taken geometry. If you need to enclose a certain amount of AREA, but have to pay for the LENGTH of wall you use, you want to build whatever type of building will enclose that AREA with the shortest LENGTH of wall. It just so happens a circle encloses the

head? head? Previous Question (How many atoms are in the human head?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (How many atoms are there in the world?) How many atoms arethere in the world? How many atoms are in the human body? Answer 1 Would you settle for a whole bunch? I didn't think so. The number of atoms in one person is almost too big to write out. But fortunately there's a shorthand system, called scientific notation, that we use instead for writing really BIG or really SMALL numbers. Since huge numbers are generally just estimates anyway, we just use the first few numbers, followed by a code that tells you how many zeros would follow if you wrote it all out. Ok, here it goes. Hydrogen, oxygen and carbon make up about 99% of the average human. I'm going to cheat a little and leave out the other

Charge of proton and neutron? Charge of proton and neutron? Previous Question (Charge of proton and neutron?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (How many times bigger is a proton than an electron?) How many times bigger isa proton than an electron? Why do protons and neutrons stay together in the nucleus? The nucleus of an atom is held together by the strong nuclear force that binds together protons and neutrons. Although the strong nuclear force is the strongest of the four fundamental forces, it acts only over very short - typically nuclear - distances. It binds together the protons and neutrons in the nucleus. It also holds together the quarks that make up those protons and neutrons and the other hadrons. Author: Mac Mestayer, Staff Scientist (Other answers by Mac Mestayer)

What makes hassium anelement if it has no uses? What makes hassium an<br>element if it has no uses? Previous Question (What makes hassium an element if it has no uses?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What's the difference between hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen...?) What's the difference betweenhydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen...? If you have 11 protons and 12 neutrons this is an atom of what element? Any atom that contains exactly 11 protons is an atom of sodium. The number of neutrons does not play a role in determining which element an atom is. Author: Steve Gagnon, Science Education Specialist (Other answers by Steve Gagnon) Related Pages: What is an element? How many elements are there? The Periodic Table of Elements How do I find the number of protons, electrons and neutrons that are in an

body? body? Previous Question (How many atoms are in the human body?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (How many atoms would it take to create a ton?) How many atoms wouldit take to create a ton? How many atoms are there in the world? The quick answer is: more than you can count! But we can get an estimate of the number of atoms in the earth by first knowing what its mass is. The mass of an object is a measure of how much material the object has. The mass of the earth is 5.98*1027 grams. That's the scientific way to write a large number that has a lot of zeros. We can write the mass of the earth with all the zeros like this: 5,980,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 grams Below is a table that shows the breakdown of the fractional amount of the

FAQ on Guidance for Submitting Requests for Approval of Encumbrance FAQ on Guidance for Submitting Requests for Approval of Encumbrance Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: FAQ on Guidance for Submitting Requests for Approval of Encumbrance As set forth in Term 16 of the Smart Grid Investment Grant Agreement, "Consistent with the 10 C.F.R. Â§Â§ 600.132(a), 600.134(c), and 600.321(b)(2), a recipient may request that the DOE contracting officer consider approving encumbrance of real property and equipment purchased in whole or in part with Federal funds under the award." This FAQ is to provide guidance on making a request for encumbrance. Questions and Answers for the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program: FAQ on Guidance for Submitting Requests for Approval of Encumbrance More Documents & Publications

Typical questions surrounding industrial control system (ICS) cyber security always lead back to: What could a cyber attack do to my system(s) and; how much should I worry about it? These two leading questions represent only a fraction of questions asked when discussing cyber security as it applies to any program, company, business, or organization. The intent of this paper is to open a dialog of important pertinent questions and answers that managers of nuclear facilities engaged in nuclear facility security and safeguards should examine, i.e., what questions should be asked; and how do the answers affect an organization's ability to effectively safeguard and secure nuclear material. When a cyber intrusion is reported, what does that mean? Can an intrusion be detected or go un-noticed? Are nuclear security or safeguards systems potentially vulnerable? What about the digital systems employed in process monitoring, and international safeguards? Organizations expend considerable efforts to ensure that their facilities can maintain continuity of operations against physical threats. However, cyber threats particularly on ICSs may not be well known or understood, and often do not receive adequate attention. With the disclosure of the Stuxnet virus that has recently attacked nuclear infrastructure, many organizations have recognized the need for an urgent interest in cyber attacks and defenses against them. Several questions arise including discussions about the insider threat, adequate cyber protections, program readiness, encryption, and many more. These questions, among others, are discussed so as to raise the awareness and shed light on ways to protect nuclear facilities and materials against such attacks.

Do you know whatan electromagnet is? Do you know what<br>an electromagnet is? Previous Question (Do you know what an electromagnet is?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Why does adding coils to an electromagnet make it stronger?) Why does adding coils to anelectromagnet make it stronger? I am creating an electromagnet for my school's science fair project. Does the shape of the iron core make a difference? Is solid copper wire better than stranded wire? Is copper wire best, or is another wire better? Should the wire be insulated or bare? What can I do to get the most current out of a battery? Yes, the shape of the iron core does matter. The more complete the circuit formed by the iron, the more field that you will get for a given coil and current. The best way to do a simple magnet is to have an iron core shaped

Atoms without neutrons? Atoms without neutrons? Previous Question (Atoms without neutrons?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Charge of proton and neutron?) Charge of proton and neutron? What is the modern view of the structure of the atom? How are the protons different from neutrons? What are the differences between protons and electrons? There are several concepts that go into our modern view of the atom. I have listed five and they are all "modern" in the sense that they have been developed within the past century. [Concept 1] - Subatomic particles Proton: positive charge, mass is about 2000 times that of the electron Neutron: neutral or zero charge, mass is nearly the same as the proton Electron: negative charge Neutrino: neutral, massless (?) The neutrino is a relatively unknown particle, but plays an important role

an element? Howmany elements are there? an element? How<br>many elements are there? Previous Question (What is an element? How many elements are there?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What are atoms, elements, compounds and mixtures?) What are atoms, elements,compounds and mixtures? What is the difference between atoms and elements? Get ready for an imperfect analogy. Imagine going to an ice cream store. Let's say that they have 30 different flavors of ice cream. Those are elements, the things that I have available to build my dessert from. The smallest amount of ice cream that the store will sell to me is a scoop. This is an atom. If I want, I can put two or more scoops of ice cream together. This is a molecule. If my molecule has more than one flavor of ice cream, I can call it a compound.

How are electrons placed inshells around the nucleus? How are electrons placed in<br>shells around the nucleus? Previous Question (How are electrons placed in shells around the nucleus?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What holds an electron around the nucleus?) What holds an electronaround the nucleus? How do I read an electron configuration table? Are you making a model of an atom and need to know how to place the electrons around the nucleus? If so, you will need to know how to read an element's electron configuration table. Follow these easy directions to learn how! What is an electron configuration table? An electron configuration table is a type of code that describes how many electrons are in each energy level of an atom and how the electrons are arranged within each energy level. It packs a lot of information into a

Could you please explain density? Could you please explain density? Previous Question (Could you please explain density?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom?) How many protons, neutrons,and electrons are in an atom? How many protons, electrons and neutrons are in an atom of krypton, carbon, oxygen, neon, silver, gold, etc...? To find the number of protons, electrons and neutrons in an atom, just follow these easy steps: Step 1 - Gather Information The first thing you will need to do is find some information about your element. Go to the Periodic Table of Elements and click on your element. If it makes things easier, you can select your element from an alphabetical listing. Use the Table of Elements to find your element's atomic number and atomic

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

Note: This page contains sample records for the topic "answer basic questions" from the National Library of EnergyBeta (NLEBeta).
While these samples are representative of the content of NLEBeta,
they are not comprehensive nor are they the most current set.
We encourage you to perform a real-time search of NLEBeta
to obtain the most current and comprehensive results.

What kinds of quarks are inprotons and neutrons? What kinds of quarks are in<br>protons and neutrons? Previous Question (What kinds of quarks are in protons and neutrons?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Are quarks confineable for study?) Are quarks confineable for study? What is the charge of an up quark and the charge of a down quark? How many quarks make up a proton and a neutron? Protons and neutrons are each composed of three quarks. Protons are made up of two 'up' quarks and one 'down' quark while neutrons are made up of two 'down' quarks and one 'up' quark. Quarks carry fractional electrical charges. An 'up' quark has a charge of +2/3 and a 'down' quark has a charge of -1/3. Is this consistent with what we know about protons and neutrons? Remember that protons carry an electrical charge of +1 while neutrons carry no electrical charge. We said

Who invented magnets? Who invented magnets? Previous Question (Who invented magnets?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Why does the U.S. use Fahrenheit instead of Celsius?) Why does the U.S. useFahrenheit instead of Celsius? What did Thomas Jefferson do as a scientist? It's true that Thomas Jefferson contributed some new knowledge directly to science and technology. But his main scientific contribution was as a statesman of science. For half a century in public office and in private life, he led the growth of American optimism about science, technology, and the future. Jefferson wished he could be a scientist all the time. When he was leaving the presidency in early 1809, he wrote, "Nature intended me for the tranquil pursuits of science, by rendering them my supreme delight." In

Can you use light to push light? Can you use light to push light? Previous Question (Can you use light to push light?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What's used to steer Jefferson Lab's electron beam?) What's used to steer JeffersonLab's electron beam? Is possible to make a "real" light saber like in the Star Wars movies? Nice idea, but nothing like it really exists. For example, if it were a laser beam why does it just stop at the end of the saber? Light just keeps on going. If it were to have the power capability of slicing through metal bars (and people) it would have to have LOTS of power behind it. Big commercial lasers can cut through steel 1/16th of an inch thick although fairly slowly (1/2" cut a second or so) but these devices are bigger than a

"empty space,"what is in that empty space? "empty space,"<br>what is in that empty space? Previous Question (If atoms are mostly "empty space," what is in that empty space?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (If things are made from atoms, why do different things have different properties?) If things are made from atoms, why dodifferent things have different properties? If atoms are 99.999999999999% empty space then why don't things pass right through them? Things don't fall through other things because they are levitating on an electrostatic field! I am not kidding! When you sit on a chair, you are not really touching it. You see, every atom is surrounded by a shell of electrons. This electron cloud presents a rather negative face to the world. Remember that like charges repel each other. When two atoms approach

How do you prove air is matter? How do you prove air is matter? Previous Question (How do you prove air is matter?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Why don't atoms weigh anything?) Why don't atoms weigh anything? Why is matter not being created at the present time, nor being destroyed? Matter is being created and destroyed now. For example, a high energy X-ray can collide with the nucleus of an atom and disappear and two particles, an electron and an anti-electron (a.k.a. positron), will appear in its place. So extra matter is being produced from no matter. The important thing is that the amount of total energy stays the same, but the energy can change its form from electromagnetic radiation (the X-ray) to matter (the electron and positron). Also, an electron and positron can collide with and

Which jobs use electromagnets? Which jobs use electromagnets? Previous Question (Which jobs use electromagnets?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Can you turn something into a magnet by banging on it in a specific way?) Can you turn something into a magnetby banging on it in a specific way? Why is a non-permanent, but long lasting, magnet called a permanent magnet? Permanent magnets are magnets that you don't have to use energy to make them magnetic. Some types of permanent magnets, relative to the length of lives of humans, are pretty close to permanent. They decay slowly, but they do decay. When most of the magnetic domains in a material align in one direction you can call that a magnet. It helps if you can imagine a magnet as being made up of a bunch of little magnets. Each one has tiny North and

Modern view of atoms? Modern view of atoms? Previous Question (Modern view of atoms?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Why do protons and neutrons stay together in the nucleus?) Why do protons and neutronsstay together in the nucleus? What kind of charge does a proton have? And what kind of charge does a neutron have? A proton has positive charge of 1, that is, equal but opposite to the charge of an electron. A neutron, like the name implies, is neutral with no net charge. The charge is believed to be from the charge of the quarks that make up the nucleons (protons and neutrons). A proton is made of two Up quarks, with 2/3 positive charge each and one Down Quark with a negative 1/3 charge (2/3 + 2/3 + -1/3 = 1). A neutron is made up of two Down quarks with a negative

Why do we use radioactivityto destroy cancers? Why do we use radioactivity<br>to destroy cancers? Previous Question (Why do we use radioactivity to destroy cancers?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What is an alpha particle?) What is an alpha particle? What are alpha rays? How are they produced? Alpha "rays" are actually high speed particles. Early researchers tended to refer to any form of energetic radiation as rays, and the term is still used. An alpha particle is made up of two protons and two neutrons, all held together by the same strong nuclear force that binds the nucleus of any atom. In fact, an alpha particle really is a nucleus - it's the same as the nucleus of a common atom of helium - but it doesn't have any electrons around it, and it's traveling very fast. Alpha particles are a type of

An example of indirect evidenceused to study atoms? An example of indirect evidence<br>used to study atoms? Previous Question (An example of indirect evidence used to study atoms?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What is the difference between atoms and elements?) What is the difference betweenatoms and elements? What is an element? How many elements are there? An element is a substance that is made entirely from one type of atom. For example, the element hydrogen is made from atoms containing a single proton and a single electron. If you change the number of protons an atom has, you change the type of element it is. If you had very, very good eyes and could look at the atoms in a sample of hydrogen, you would notice that most of the hydrogen atoms would have no neutrons, some of them would have one neutron and a few of them would have

are the Halls inbio-dome shapes? are the Halls in<br>bio-dome shapes? Previous Question (Why are the Halls in bio-dome shapes?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What would happen if part of the accelerator were to break?) What would happen if part ofthe accelerator were to break? Why did it take so long to build Jefferson Lab? Why was Jefferson Lab built in Newport News? Newport News was one of several places around the nation that competed for Jefferson Lab. The Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA) won the contract to build and run Jefferson Lab in Newport News. A couple reasons helped bring the Lab to this area: 1) The city and state governments worked hard with SURA to earn the Department of Energy's approval to bring the Lab here. (Good teamwork means

Is it possible for an element to emitmore than one kind of radiation? Is it possible for an element to emit<br>more than one kind of radiation? Previous Question (Is it possible for an element to emit more than one kind of radiation?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Are nitrogen, arsenic, and tantalum radioactive?) Are nitrogen, arsenic, andtantalum radioactive? How many neutrons can you add to an atom without it getting unbalanced? The number of neutrons that an atom can carry is dependent on what it is. Some will become unstable with only one extra or one less neutron while others can hold or lose many extra. It varies from atom to atom and also within atoms. Take a look at a Periodic Table. The atomic number is the number of protons in that atom. If you change the number of protons the atom becomes

the elementsget their symbols? the elements<br>get their symbols? Previous Question (How do the elements get their symbols?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Was "beauty" a quark name they used in the past?) Was "beauty" a quark namethey used in the past? Why do the electron shells begin being named with K, L, M, N, and not with A, B, C? The names of the electron shells come from a fellow named Charles G. Barkla, a spectroscopist who studied the X-rays that are emitted by atoms when they are hit with high energy electrons. He noticed that atoms appeared to emit two types of X-rays. The two types of X-rays differed in energy and Barkla originally called the higher energy X-ray type A and the lower energy X-ray type B. He later renamed these two types K and L since

How do I make amodel of an atom? How do I make a<br>model of an atom? Previous Question (How do I make a model of an atom?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What is an element? How many elements are there?) What is an element? Howmany elements are there? What is one example of indirect evidence that scientists use to study an atom? Pretty much everything we know about atoms is indirect evidence. One can't really see atoms. We do see enough of their effects that we can, with confidence, describe the nature of atoms. Here at Jefferson Lab we have quite a few instruments to measure the properties and behavior of atoms. We use a few simple tricks to measure atoms. The most common method is to shoot the atoms through an easy-to-ionize gas or liquid. Argon is the most

Why does rubbing plastic and wooltogether create electricity? Why does rubbing plastic and wool<br>together create electricity? Previous Question (Why does rubbing plastic and wool together create electricity?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Are Democritus' theories of atoms still relevant today?) Are Democritus' theories ofatoms still relevant today? Where does the word atom come from and who first used this word? Around 2,500 years ago this Greek dude name Democritus was sitting around just thinking. He was thinking about cutting stuff up and came up with the idea that there must be a point where you could no longer cut something any smaller. He named the atom after the Greek word atomos, which means 'that which can't be split.' The cool part is that he was right. Well, 90% right. We can split atoms, but if you split an atom it becomes something else. An

many protons, neutrons,and electrons are in an atom? many protons, neutrons,<br>and electrons are in an atom? Previous Question (How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What are vector quantities and how do they work?) What are vector quantitiesand how do they work? What would happen to the atomic number and the electric charge of an atom if two neutrons escaped the nucleus? If you could magically make two neutrons in the nucleus of an atom disappear, the atomic number and the electrical charge of that atom would remain unchanged. Neutrons do not carry an electrical charge so adding or removing them from the nucleus does not change the electrical charge of the nucleus. It does, however, change the mass of the nucleus. Adding or

is the difference betweena compound and a molecule? is the difference between<br>a compound and a molecule? Previous Question (What is the difference between a compound and a molecule?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Biggest and smallest atom?) Biggest and smallest atom? I am not clear on what a molecule is. If water is a molecule, is it also a compound because the hydrogen and oxygen have been chemically combined? If so, how do you determine whether a substance is a compound or a molecule? A molecule is what you get when any atoms join together. A compound is what you get when atoms of two or more different elements join together. All compounds are molecules, but not all molecules are compounds. Water is a molecule because it is made from atoms that have been chemically combined. It is also a compound because the atoms that make water are not

Is there anything colderthan liquid nitrogen? Is there anything colder<br>than liquid nitrogen? Previous Question (Is there anything colder than liquid nitrogen?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What's the melting point of steel?) What's the melting point of steel? If you jumped into a pool of liquid oxygen, would your body instantly crystallize? Nothing happens instantly. The first thing would be frostbite to the skin followed by the onset of hypothermia to the internal organs. No doubt everything would "freeze up" with time. What this really brings up though is safety issues with cryogenic fluids, that is, those substances that are normally gases (like oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, or helium) at room temperature but can be changed to liquid form through the use of

What happens when amagnet is cut in two? What happens when a<br>magnet is cut in two? Previous Question (What happens when a magnet is cut in two?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Why does rubbing plastic and wool together create electricity?) Why does rubbing plastic and wooltogether create electricity? Does the size of a magnet make it stronger? How are magnets made? How does the shape of a magnet affect its magnetic field? Size is just one of the ways one can change the strength of a magnet. However, it can get very difficult and expensive to simply make a magnet bigger. The other way is to make it BETTER. This can mean all sorts of things. With electromagnets, the modern method to make them better is to construct a superconducting magnet. That is, the electrical coils are made

What's the melting point of steel? What's the melting point of steel? Previous Question (What's the melting point of steel?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What is a meniscus?) What is a meniscus? What is a material with a freezing point above 0 degrees Celsius? A material exists as a solid when it is below its freezing point. So, we need to find a material that is a solid at some temperature above 0Â°C. Almost any solid abject around you would fit this description - an aluminum soda can, a candle or a piece of chocolate all have freezing points above 0Â°C. Keep in mind that a material's freezing point is the same as its melting point. These are just different terms for the same thing, it just depends on whether energy is going into a substance (melting) or if energy is being

Is there a way to tell how manyatoms are in an object? Is there a way to tell how many<br>atoms are in an object? Previous Question (Is there a way to tell how many atoms are in an object?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (How many atoms are in the human body?) How many atoms arein the human body? How many atoms are in the human head? We can calculate the number of atoms in your head if we know the density and a constant called Avogadro's number. This is really just an estimate, but it's going to be a good one. The equation is fairly simple. The number of atoms of ANY substance in a volume is: # of atoms = N * (density) * volume / (Molecular Weight). N is a constant called Avogadro's number and its equal to 6.022*1023 atoms/mole. It can also be molecules per mole. In the above formula density

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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air made of? air made of? Previous Question (What is air made of?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Do liquids freeze at the same temperature? Why doesn't oil freeze?) Do liquids freeze at the sametemperature? Why doesn't oil freeze? Does baking soda lower water temperature? If so, why? Baking soda added to water raises the temperature slightly. Chemical reactions are either endothermic or exothermic. Endothermic means you have to put energy (heat) in to make the reaction go while exothermic means there's energy (heat) left over. Left over heat will raise the temperature. Baking soda and water is exothermic and so the water gets a little warmer. This is because the binding energy of the chemical bonds of the products has an excess over the binding energy of the components. Therefore, energy

How do you separatetungsten from its ore? How do you separate<br>tungsten from its ore? Previous Question (How do you separate tungsten from its ore?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What type of charge is produced when...?) What type of charge isproduced when...? What would you get if you combined one atom each from all the elements in the periodic table? It wouldn't make anything really. If we combine one of each of the atoms from the periodic table, the result would be so small that we wouldn't notice it, even with the best electron microscopes. You see, some elements are very reactive and react immediately with whatever is next to it. Oxygen is a good example of that. Oxygen is extremely reactive, especially when it is in a rare single atom mode called atomic oxygen (oxygen at our level of

What is an atom? Whatare atoms made of? What is an atom? What<br>are atoms made of? Previous Question (What is an atom? What are atoms made of?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (An example of indirect evidence used to study atoms?) An example of indirect evidenceused to study atoms? How do I make a model of an atom? Do you need to make a model or a drawing of an atom for science class? If so, follow these instructions to learn where all of the atom's pieces go. Step 1 - Gather Information Before you can build your model, you will need to know how many protons, neutrons and electrons your atom has. If you do not already know how to use the Periodic Table of Elements to find this information, read the 'How many protons, electrons and neutrons are in an atom of...?' page to learn how.

can I explain the Quantum/Wavetheory to my class? can I explain the Quantum/Wave<br>theory to my class? Previous Question (How can I explain the Quantum/Wave theory to my class?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What is an atom? What are atoms made of?) What is an atom? Whatare atoms made of? What two minerals is the sun made out of? The sun doesn't contain any minerals at all - it's too hot for big molecules to stay together. The sun is made up of two main elements, hydrogen and helium. Hydrogen makes up about 92% of all of the atoms in the sun while helium makes up about 7.8%. Oxygen, carbon, neon and nitrogen make up most of the remaining 0.2%. Author: Steve Gagnon, Science Education Specialist (Other answers by Steve Gagnon) Related Pages: What is plasma? How do you know plasma is real if you can't see it

How did you make the detectorswork in Halls A, B and C? How did you make the detectors<br>work in Halls A, B and C? Previous Question (How did you make the detectors work in Halls A, B and C?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What kind of equipment do you work on?) What kind of equipment do you work on? How can you tell if a new type of element has been created, especially if only a few atoms of it were created and if they only existed for a millisecond? Well it's about time someone asked this question! Seeing three atoms of something does seem kind of unlikely. The question "How did they do that?" should have been asked right away. Believe it or not there are whole armies of people (and I am one of those people) working on expanding human senses. This has been going on since shortly after humans stretched out and stood

Why does the U.S. useFahrenheit instead of Celsius? Why does the U.S. use<br>Fahrenheit instead of Celsius? Previous Question (Why does the U.S. use Fahrenheit instead of Celsius?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Is there a way to tell how many atoms are in an object?) Is there a way to tell how manyatoms are in an object? If the energy could be directly converted to matter, how long would it take a person on a bicycle-type generator to create a single atom? That's an interesting question. First, how much energy per second can a person produce? Power is the name we use for the time rate of energy production. A person can easily generate about 1/10 of a horsepower. In other units, 1/10 of a horsepower is about 75 watts of power which is 75 joules/second. Watts and joules are named after famous scientists. Can you

wouldit take to create a ton? would<br>it take to create a ton? Previous Question (How many atoms would it take to create a ton?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (How do I find the number of protons, electrons and neutrons in an atom?) How do I find the number of protons,electrons and neutrons in an atom? Could you please explain density? What is it? What is the concept of D = M over V? Density is how much mass a material has for a given volume. Think about a sponge. Most artificial sponges today are made of a foamed plastic. Assume you have a one pound sponge. If you melt it down to a plastic soup with all the bubbles gone, it will be much smaller, but it will still weigh one pound. It is now denser. We use water as sort of a standard for density. We say water has a density of 1. If something weighs twice as much as the same

Can you turn something into a magnetby banging on it in a specific way? Can you turn something into a magnet<br>by banging on it in a specific way? Previous Question (Can you turn something into a magnet by banging on it in a specific way?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (Does the size of a magnet make it stronger?) Does the size of a magnetmake it stronger? What happens when a magnet is cut in two? Does the strength of an electromagnet depend on the number of turns of wire? If you have two magnets how can you find out which one is stronger? A couple of different things can happen when you cut a magnet in half.If you do it gently you can end up with two magnets. You can think of a magnet as a bundle of tiny magnets, called magnetic domains, that are jammed together. Each one reinforces the magnetic fields of the others. Each one

keeps electrons revolvingaround the nucleus of an atom? keeps electrons revolving<br>around the nucleus of an atom? Previous Question (What keeps electrons revolving around the nucleus of an atom?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (If atoms are mostly "empty space," what is in that empty space?) If atoms are mostly "empty space,"what is in that empty space? How much of an atom is empty space? Very nearly all of it. Let's take a look at an atom of hydrogen to see how empty it really is. Of course, this diagram isn't drawn to scale... A hydrogen atom. A hydrogen atom is made from a single proton that's circled by a single electron. How big is a hydrogen atom? The radius of a hydrogen atom is known as the Bohr Radius, which is equal to .529 Ã— 10-10 meters. That means that a hydrogen atom has a volume of about 6.2 Ã— 10-31 cubic meters.

How many quarks are inprotons and neutrons? How many quarks are in<br>protons and neutrons? Previous Question (How many quarks are in protons and neutrons?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What is the charge of an up quark and of down quark?) What is the charge of an up quarkand of down quark? What kinds of quarks are protons and neutrons made of? What was the old name for the Top and Bottom quark? Protons are made of two Up and one Down quark. The neutron is made of two Down and one Up quark. The Up quarks have a 2/3 positive charge and the Down has a 1/3 negative charge. Fractional charges are a pretty funny concept, but remember we (humans) made up the unit of charge that a proton has, so its very possible that there could be a smaller division of charge. If you add those charges you will see that sum is positive one for the

This study reports the result of an extensive nationwide review of military, private sector, and other federal agencies and organizations that are implementing a wide variety of advanced training technologies. This report classifies the general categories of advanced training technologies found and provides an overview of each, including specific types and examples. In addition, the research findings present an organizational model for training development linking overall organizational maturity to readiness to implement specific kinds of advanced training technologies. It also presents proposed methods for selecting media, describes the organizations and the data gathered, and provides a summary of implementation success at each organization. This study is organized as a set of five topics. Each topic raises a number of important questions and provides complete or emerging answers. For organizations who have made advanced training selections, this study is a resource to benchmark their success with other organizations who have made similar selections. For new or developing training organizations, this study will help plan their future technology selections by comparing their level of organizational maturity to the documented experiences of similar organizations.

Even quite sophisticated users can experience difficulty navigating large collections of data to locate the answers to their queries. We describe AskCal, a system that employs natural language processing, an ontology, a query planner, and various feedback ...

As semantic markup becomes ubiquitous, it will become important to be able to ask queries and obtain answers, using natural language (NL) expressions, rather than the keyword-based retrieval mechanisms used by the current search engines. AquaLog is a ...

What is plasma? What is plasma? Previous Question (What is plasma?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (What is the smallest particle of matter known?) What is the smallest particleof matter known? How do you know plasma is real if you can't see it? This might be a surprise, but you can see plasma. Or, technically, you can see the energy (light) given off by a plasma. The sun and all stars are composed of plasma. This strange "4th state of matter" is actually the most common form of matter in the universe. A plasma is a collection of atoms (think of a container filled with a gas) which has absorbed enough energy to cause the electrons to become separated from their nuclei. These electrically charged particles are called ions. When this happens, the

How much of an atom is empty space? How much of an atom is empty space? Previous Question (How much of an atom is empty space?) Questions and Answers Main Index Next Question (If atoms are mostly empty space, why don't things pass through them?) If atoms are mostly empty space,why don't things pass through them? If atoms are made up mostly of "empty space," what is in that empty space? Specifically, is there air in the empty space of an atom? The space inside the atom is just that, empty space, i.e. vacuum. Air molecules are also made up of atoms with a central core of nucleons and electrons spinning around them. They too have empty space between their nucleons and electrons. One can picture them to be like the solar system with the sun at the center and the planets revolving around it, with just

this criterion yields list questions such as "What countries export oil?", where the desired response was the Pentagon panel's position with respect to the dispute over the US Navy training range on the island

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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When you have a Lightroom question, where do you look? Do you trawl through thousands of web pages looking for the information you need? Perhaps post on a forum and wait for hours for anyone to reply? Maybe try to gure out the Help les? From now on, ...

In this paper I discuss the use of user generated content as a new data source for exploring geographic questions, through two exemplars: the derivation of vernacular regions and trajectory analysis. By exploring the implications of various elements ... Keywords: metadata, trajectory analysis, uncertainty, user generated content, vernacular regions

FLEXIBLE MEDICAL CARE AND DEPENDENT CARE REIMBURSMENT ACCOUNTS Frequently Asked Questions a portion of your salary for non-reimbursed medical expenses or dependent care expenses on a pre-tax basis is placed into a medical care and/or dependent care reimbursement account and reimbursed to you as you incur

Prism is an answer projection system that combines the best attributes of traditional and Web-based questionanswering systems. Traditional questionanswering systems retrieve answers with pinpoint accuracy but limited ...

EAT SMART Heart Health Evaluation The following questions are about today's program. Place a check not planning to use the information in this program. # I have heart disease or high blood pressure. YES

The virtual reality research group at the University of East London has its origins in basic neuroscience research on environmental influences on recovery of function from brain damage. Here we describe our work since incorporating within our research ...

vendor. vendor. 2 Will this RFP not be automatically posted in FedBizOpps? When the RFP is issued, it will be posted on the FBO website through FedConnect. 3 Will this be a small business set-aside, and if so, what is the size standard? Yes, $7.0M 4 Who is the incumbent? Systematic Management Services Inc 5 I would appreciate it if you would provide me with that person's name and contact information. My company is potentially interested in this re-compete and we are trying to obtain sufficient data so as to enable us to make an informed decision. This information can be submitted using a freedom of Information request. The technical point of contact cannot disclose any information regarding the future contract source selection. 6 Is this new work? This is a re-compete of a previous contract

The paper presents a method for finding topically related words on an extended WordNet. By exploiting the information in the WordNet glosses, the connectivity between the synsets is dramatically increased. Topical relations expressed as lexical chains ...

One of the important targets of community-based questionanswering (CQA) services, such as Yahoo! Answers, Quora and Baidu Zhidao, is to maintain and even increase the number of active answerers, that is the users who provide answers to open questions. ... Keywords: churn prediction, community questionanswering, online user behavior

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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they are not comprehensive nor are they the most current set.
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Representation of common equipment at a natural gas hydraulic fracturing drill pad. Representation of common equipment at a natural gas hydraulic fracturing drill pad. How is Shale Gas Produced? Shale gas formations are "unconventional" reservoirs - i.e., reservoirs of low "permeability." Permeability refers to the capacity of a porous, sediment, soil - or rock in this case - to transmit a fluid. This contrasts with a "conventional" gas reservoir produced from sands and carbonates (such as limestone). The bottom line is that in a conventional reservoir, the gas is in interconnected pore spaces, much like a kitchen sponge, that allow easier flow to a well; but in an unconventional reservoir, like shale, the reservoir must be mechanically "stimulated" to

Where is shale gas found Where is shale gas found in the United States? Shale gas is located in many parts of the United States. These deposits occur in shale "plays" - a set of discovered, undiscovered or possible natural gas accumulations that exhibit similar geological characteristics. Shale plays are located within large-scale basins or accumulations of sedimentary rocks, often hundreds of miles across, that also may contain other oil and gas resources. 1 Shale gas production is currently occurring in 16 states. 1 U.S. Government Accountability Office, Report to Congressional Requesters, "Oil and Gas: Information on Shale Resources, Development, and

Challenges are Associated with Challenges are Associated with Shale Gas Production? Developing any energy resource - whether conventional or non-conventional like shale - carries with it the possibility and risk of environmental, public health, and safety issues. Some of the challenges related to shale gas production and hydraulic fracturing include: * Increased consumption of fresh water (volume and sources); * Induced seismicity (earthquakes) from shale flowback water disposal;Chemical disclosure of fracture fluid additives; * Potential ground and surface water contamination; * Air quality impacts; * Local impacts, such as the volume of truck traffic, noise, dust and land disturbance.

What happens to my question after I submit it to this service? What happens to my question after I submit it to this service? Questions are received and filtered by the two system operators of NEWTON. Acceptable questions are assigned an appropriate category and are forwarded to the scientists that have volunteered to consider questions from that particular category. If one or more scientists address the question, it is returned to a system operator. The question and answers are returned to the person making the request and a copy is placed into an appropriate web page and posted. When may I expect an answer to my request? Our volunteer scientists respond to acceptable questions usually within a week after it is submitted; most within two days or less. Why have I not heard "anything" about the question I submitted?

Our goal is to extract answers from preretrieved sentences for QuestionAnswering (QA). We construct a linear-chain Conditional Random Field based on pairs of questions and their possible answer sentences, learning the association between questions and answer types. This casts answer extraction as an answer sequence tagging problem for the first time, where knowledge of shared structure between question and source sentence is incorporated through features based on Tree Edit Distance (TED). Our model is free of manually created question and answer templates, fast to run (processing 200 QA pairs per second excluding parsing time), and yields an F1 of 63.3 % on a new public dataset based on prior TREC QA evaluations. The developed system is open-source, and includes an implementation of the TED model that is state of the art in the task of ranking QA pairs. 1

Residential Buildings Â» Home Energy Score Â» Home Energy Score Residential Buildings Â» Home Energy Score Â» Home Energy Score Frequently Asked Questions Home Energy Score Frequently Asked Questions Below you will find answers to frequently asked questions for homeowners and Partners about the Home Energy Score, from basics such as what a Home Energy Score is and how to become a Partner, to how the Score is calculated and what you can expect from your Score. Frequently Asked Questions for Homeowners (download a printable PDF) Frequently Asked Questions for Partners (download a printable PDF) Highlights Home Energy Scores Completed As of January 7, 2014 Webinars Past Webinars Orange Arrow Home Energy Score Program Update Home Energy Score Pilot Analysis Post-Pilot Update Publications Motivating Home Energy Improvements

The idea of this paper is to discuss the capability of questionanswering (QA) system by simulating understanding with respect to read a short passage and answeringquestions pertaining to it. Currently, passage understanding task received increased ... Keywords: logical linguistic, natural language understanding, questionanswering system

You Asked, Chu Answered You Asked, Chu Answered You Asked, Chu Answered October 13, 2010 - 4:57pm Addthis John Schueler John Schueler Former New Media Specialist, Office of Public Affairs Last week Secretary Chu invited you to submit your questions on home energy efficiency and the response was tremendous. We sifted through your questions and recently discussed many of them with the Secretary. Here are the resources that the Secretary referenced during the discussion: Home Energy Saver Audit Energy Star Appliances Solar Water Heater Assessment While the Secretary covered a lot of ground during the course of our discussion there were some thoughtful questions that we didn't have a chance to ask, so we decided to ask the experts at Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy to weigh in. You can check out their responses below.

Asked Global Change Questions Asked Global Change Questions This page lists global change questions that have been received at CDIAC and the answers that were provided to a diverse audience. If you have a question relating to carbon dioxide and global change and cannot find the answer you need here, you can "Ask Us a Question", and we will be glad to try to help you. Questions Should we grow trees to remove carbon in the atmosphere? What are the present tropospheric concentrations, global warming potentials (100 year time horizon), and atmospheric lifetimes of CO2, CH4, N2O, CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CCl4, methyl chloroform, HCFC-22, sulphur hexafluoride, trifluoromethyl sulphur pentafluoride, perfluoroethane, and surface ozone? Where can I find information on the naming of halocarbons?

Basic Bacteria Basic Bacteria Name: Valerie Location: N/A Country: N/A Date: N/A Question: I'm doing a science project on bacteria. WHat I'm doing is washing forks with different dishwashing liquids, then wiping any remaining bacteria on to Agar petri dishes. Then incubating it and seeing which soap removed the most. My question is what kind of bacteria would be growing? and also do I just count the colonies to compare? and how long and at what temperature should I incubate this bacteria? Thank you very much for your time. I'll be looking forward to your response. Replies: The temperature is easy: 37 degrees C is optimal for many bacteria. The medium will determine which bacteria grow best. So if you don't see growth on one medium, but you see growth on another, it tells you that there is a difference in nutrients present in those media that is required for that bacteria. Look at your plates after 24 hr, then put them back in the incubator (keep them sterile) and look at them after 48 hrs--do you see the difference? any slow-growing bacteria visible or did the fast-growing take over the complete plate?

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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Note: Deadline for registration was November 11, 2003. Registration is now closed. Note: Deadline for registration was November 11, 2003. Registration is now closed. Synopsis Draft Agenda updated 11-06-03 Contacts Confirmed Speakers Registration Information Registration now closed Poster Session Instructions for Presenters Hotel Reservations Airline Transportation Airline Ground Transportation Workshop Venue Weather in Knoxville What to do in Knoxville Synopsis ABOUT ANSWER Advanced Neutron Scattering netWork for Education and Research (ANSWER) is one of the first three International Materials Institutes (IMI) being established with the support from the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF). The objectives of the ANSWER are to: develop an international network of researchers and educators who are actively involved in "neutron-scattering materials research with a

Horning, Vice President of Sales, Clean Energy Fuels Corporation While some are calling natural gas "the, Don Horning said. Clean Energy Fuels Corporation started using compressed natural gas (CNG) in 1997 parameters to determine which fuel type--CNG or LNG--is best for their needs. "We can plug in a number

This paper investigates the potential use of dialog-based ALICEbots in disseminating terrorism information to the general public. In particular, we study the acceptance and response satisfaction of ALICEbot responses in both the general conversation ... Keywords: AIML, ALICE, Chatterbot, Dialog platform, Domain-specific knowledge, Knowledge delivery evaluation, XML

to include the effects of shadowing on solar PV the multilayer perceptrons feed forward network and the back for the neural network is received by In real operating conditions, solar PV arrays are connected measurement to predict the shadow effects on the solar PV arrays for long term assumed linearly proportional to solar

with your emergency contact. Airline Fuel Surcharges: Our air inclusive vacations are priced in- cluding airline fuel surcharges. These fuel surcharges are assessed by the airlines and are subject to increase will display your vacation land package, base airfare, fuel surcharge and all taxes and fees as separate line

This paper presents an original way to add new data in a reference dictionary from several other lexical resources, without loosing any consistence. This operation is carried in order to get lexical information classified by the sense of the entry. This classification makes it possible to enrich utterances (in QA: the queries) following the meaning, and to reduce noise. An analysis of the experienced problems shows the interest of this method, and insists on the points that have to be tackled. 1

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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services for any injury or illness caused by: (1) atomic or thermonuclear explosion or resulting radiation Member Name (First, Last) Street Address City State Zip Patient Information Patient Name (First, Last-spouse Partner Pharmacy Information Name of Pharmacy Street Address City State Zip Telephone (include area code

................................................................................9 Significant Audits and Investigations ....................................................11 by the new space exploration vision and the recognition that business functions need to be integrated, the Agency needs to establish effective and efficient business processes, most notably financial management

.4 Ductwork fire rated penetrations are required to be an engineering analysis per DOE-STD-1066-99 Appendix D.4 HEPA filtered systems are specified to be per Engineering Standard ES-5.16-1 and Appendix 5 and each feeder is capable of serving all three unit substations). 25. Please clarify that the motor

used? Â· Where do they compete economically with coal-fired power plants? Â· How cells are safe and have few non-desirable environmental impacts. Â·Solar cells can replace coal, which Source: Deutsche Bank, January 2011; Systems are global (i.e., blended across geographies) My source: R

Glossary Glossary Acquifer - A single underground geological formation, or group of formations, containing water. Antrim Shale - A shale deposit located in the northern Michigan basin that is a Devonian age rock formation lying at a relatively shallow depth of 1,000 feet. Gas has been produced from this formation for several decades primarily via vertical, rather than horizontal, wells. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates the technically recoverable Antrim shale resource at 20 trillion cubic feet (tcf). Appalachian Basin - The geological formations that roughly follow the Appalachian Mountain range and contain

March 9, 2010 1 March 9, 2010 1 Requests for Approval of Encumbrance FAQ on Guidance for Submitting Requests for Approval of Encumbrance Background: As set forth in Term 16 of the Smart Grid Investment Grant Agreement, "Consistent with the 10 C.F.R. Â§Â§ 600.132(a), 600.134(c), and 600.321(b)(2), a recipient may request that the DOE contracting officer consider approving encumbrance of real property and equipment purchased in whole or in part with Federal funds under the award." This FAQ is to provide guidance on making a request for encumbrance. Submission to the Contracting Officer Each request for approval of encumbrance of real property or equipment must provide the following:

Partners Partners Home Energy Score: Frequently Asked Questions for Partners Below you will find answers to frequently asked questions for homeowners and Partners about the Home Energy Score, from basics such as what a Home Energy Score is and how to become a Partner, to how the Score is calculated. What is a Home Energy Score? What types of homes can get a Home Energy Score? Where is the Home Energy Score offered? Who can become a Home Energy Score Partner? Why should I become a Home Energy Score Partner? What is required of Partners? Partners have to score 200 homes in the first year. When does that start/end? How do I apply to become a Partner? Can the Home Energy Scoring Tool be integrated with other software tools we already use? What are the criteria for Qualified Assessors?

Homeowners Homeowners Home Energy Score: Frequently Asked Questions for Homeowners Below you will find answers to frequently asked questions for homeowners about the Home Energy Score, from basics such as what a Home Energy Score is, to how the Score is calculated and what you can expect from your Score. What is a Home Energy Score? Why should I get a Home Energy Score? What types of homes can get a Home Energy Score? How do I get a Home Energy Score? What does the Qualified Assessor look for during a Home Energy Score walk-through? How is the Home Energy Score calculated? Does a home with a poor (lower) Score always use more energy than a home with a better (higher) Score? Does the size of my home matter? Would my Score be the same in different parts of the country?

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Master Your Knowledge of the CISSP Exam! Features more than 500 questions, organized to reflect the current CISSP exam objectives, so you can easily assess your knowledge of every topic. Each question includes a detailed answer explanation. Provides ...

Home Home Data Provider Questions At the beginning the process of archival with the ORNL DAAC, you will be asked to fill out a short online form to help us better understand your data set. These questions should only take a few minutes to answer. Information About Your Data Set Have you looked at our recommendations for the preparation of data files and documentation? Who produced this data set? What agency and program funded the project? What awards funded this project? (comma separate multiple awards) Data Set Description Provide a title for your data set. (maximum 84 characters) What type of data does your data set contain? What does the data set describe? (2-3 sentences) What parameters did you measure, derive, or generate? (comma separated, limit to ten) Have you analyzed the uncertainty in your data?

A relational database is inconsistent if it does not satisfy a given set of integrity constraints. Nevertheless, it is likely that most of the data in it is consistent with the constraints. In this paper we apply logic programming based on answer ... Keywords: answer set programming, consistency, databases, integrity constraints

CEM: You Asked, We Answered CEM: You Asked, We Answered CEM: You Asked, We Answered July 29, 2010 - 4:15pm Addthis John Schueler John Schueler Former New Media Specialist, Office of Public Affairs Last week, we invited you to submit your questions on the Clean Energy Ministerial (CEM) via E-mail, Facebook and Twitter. We received a diverse set of questions, which we presented to two of the key decision makers here at the Department of Energy, Assistant Secretary for Policy and International Affairs David Sandalow and Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Cathy Zoi. jsalsman (via Twitter): What is @energy's position on http://3.ly/100by2030 (editor: links to a plan that claims that 100 percent of the world's energy, for all purposes, could be supplied by wind, water and solar resources, by as early as 2030 ) Is a 30%

Seeking Answers in the Darkness Seeking Answers in the Darkness Seeking Answers in the Darkness November 19, 2010 - 12:56pm Addthis John Schueler John Schueler Former New Media Specialist, Office of Public Affairs What are the key facts? Fermilab is leading construction of a 570-megapixel camera, which attached to the Bianco 4-meter telescope, will survey the deepest reaches of the universe to answerquestions on the behavior of gravity. In 1998, two teams of astronomers studying distant supernovae made the remarkable discovery that the expansion of the universe is speeding up. This flies in the face of Einstein's theory of general relativity, which states that gravity should naturally lead to a slowing of the expansion, since over time it causes mass to attract other mass. Theorists offer two

(cont.) humanitarian role? (4) How do these organizations deal with the ICRC's humanitarian principles of neutrality, impartiality and independence? To answer these questions, I analyze organizational documents, examine ...

To answer this very common though surprisingly difficult question, a technique was developed to reconstruct a local temperature time series of summer average maximum temperatures in northcentral Alabama since 1893. The results show that the ...

5 5 II Basic Research The Basic Energy Sciences (BES) office within the DOE Office of Science supports the DOE Hydrogen Program by providing basic, fundamental research in those technically challenging areas facing the Program, complementing the applied research and demonstration projects conducted by the Offices of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Fossil Energy; and Nuclear Engineering, Science and Technology. In May 2005 Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman announced the selection of over $64 million in BES research and development projects aimed at making hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and refueling stations available, practical and affordable for American consumers by 2020. A total of 70 hydrogen research projects were selected to focus on fundamental science and enable

questions received by March 19, 2010 questions received by March 19, 2010 1. Is property tax on land or equipment directly attributable to the project eligible for cost share? 2. Is insurance, with coverage comparable to that purchased for similar projects, eligible for cost share (construction and operating)? Response: The answer to both questions is yes. The specific cost principle that the Applicants can go to for further information, as well as the regulations on cost sharing are given below. Question 1 - FAR Part 31.205-41, Taxes Question 2 - FAR Part 31.205-19, Insurance and Indemnification Cost Sharing regulations - 10 CFR 600.123; 10 CFR 600.224; or 10 CFR 600.313 Since both questions indicate that the costs to be incurred will be used as potential cost share for the project, additional details will be needed to verify and validate the

The XHTML Basic document type includes the minimal set of modules required to be an XHTML host language document type, and in addition it includes images, forms, basic tables, and object support. It is designed for Web clients that do not support the full set of XHTML features; for example, Web clients such as mobile phones, PDAs, pagers, and settop boxes. The document type is rich enough for content authoring. XHTML Basic is designed as a common base that may be extended. For example, an event module that is more generic than the traditional HTML 4 event system could be added or it could be extended by additional modules from XHTML Modularization such as the Scripting Module. The goal of XHTML Basic is to serve as a common language supported by various kinds of user agents. The document type definition is implemented using XHTML modules as defined in "Modularization of XHTML" [XHTMLMOD [p.9] ]. 19 Dec 2000 08:40 1 XHTML Basic Status of this Document This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. The latest status of this document series is maintained at the W3C. This document has been reviewed by W3C Members and other interested parties and has been endorsed by the Director as a W3C Recommendation. It is a stable document and may be used as reference material or cited as a normative reference from another document. W3C's role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web. This document has been produced by the W3C HTML Working Group (members only) as part of the W3C HTML Activity. It integrates feedback from the WAP Forum and members of the W3C Mobile Acce...

for Leave to Answer and Answer of Potomac Electric Power for Leave to Answer and Answer of Potomac Electric Power Company Motion for Leave to Answer and Answer of Potomac Electric Power Company Docket No. EO-05-01: Pursuant to Rule 213 of the Commission's Rules of Practice and Procedure, 18 C.F.R. Â§ 385.213, Potomac Electric Power Company ("Pepco") hereby moves for leave to answer and answers the Motion for Leave to File Consolidated Answer and Consolidated Answer of Robert G. Burnley, Director of the Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Environmental Quality filed on November 10, 2005 ("VDEQ Answer"). For the reasons detailed below, Pepco requests that the Commission reject VDEQ's Answer, or in the alternative, if the Commission accepts the VDEQ Answer, the Commission should also accept Pepco's answer to correct

Answering the main problem: Answering the main problem: Why do we need to stop using gasoline in our vehicles and factories? Answer: Because it is putting too much carbon dioxide into the air. CARBON DEMO Show students a large piece of coal and a cup of raw oil. These natural resources are formed from carbon deposits captured in the earth and compressed over millions of years. Questions: Does anyone know how the carbon got in the earth? (It comes from decaying plants and animals.) Background Information: Coal mines permanently alter the landscape. We do not know how long will it take for the environment to recover after the coal has been mined.This does not consider the CO2 added to our pollution caused by the burning of this coal. What do we do with the carbon when we consume it? (We use the carbon

for Leave to Answer and for Leave to Answer and Answer to Comments and Protests Potomac Electric Power Company's Motion for Leave to Answer and Answer to Comments and Protests Docket No. EO-05-01: Pursuant to Rules 212 and 213 of the Rules of Practice and Procedure of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ("FERC" or the "Commission"), 18 C.F.R. Â§Â§ 385.212 and 385.213 (2005), Potomac Electric Power Company ("Pepco") hereby (i) moves for leave to answer and (ii) answers certain of the comments and protests filed in the above-captioned proceeding. Potomac Electric Power Company's Motion for Leave to Answer and Answer to Comments and Protests More Documents & Publications Motion for Leave to Answer and Answer of Potomac Electric Power Company Answer of Potomac Electric Power Company and PJM lnterconnection, L.L.C. to

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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many questions that you might have with regards to making your airline reservations, additional hotel If you plan to utilize your accrued mileage when booking air arrangements, you will need to contact the airline(s) or credit card company sponsoring the mileage program directly. AIRLINE, HOTEL AND TRANSFER

Anyone who lives in a home with a sunspace will tell you that the sunspace is the most enjoyable room in the house. Many times the homeowner`s only regret is that the sunspace is not larger. Although aesthetics often drive the decision to add a sunspace or include one in a new home design, sunspaces can also provide supplemental space heating and a healthy environment for plants and people. In fact, a well-designed sunspace can provide up to 60% of a home`s winter heating requirements. This publication addresses basic elements of sunspace design; design considerations for supplemental space heating, growing plants, and use as a living space; design guidelines including siting, heat distribution, and glazing angles; and major sunspace components including glazing options, thermal mass, insulation, and climate controls. A list of sources for more information is also provided.

Sector 1 - General Information Sector 1 - General Information Sector 1 Safety Plan (pdf) Useful X-Ray Related Numbers Si a0 = 5.4308 Angstrom CeO2 a0=5.411 Angstrom Cd-109 gamma = 88.036 keV X-ray energy/wavelength conversion constant = 12.39842 Angstrom/keV Useful 1-ID Operations Information Always set the undulator by closing from large to small gap. Always scan the Kohzu monochromator from high to low energy. A Cd-109 source that can be used to calibrate detectors can be obtained by contacting Ali. It has Ag flourescent lines and a 88.036 keV gamma line. Tim Mooney's telephone number is 2-5417. Frequently Asked Questions The following questions come up often when using the Sector 1 beamlines. If you have a question (and maybe answer) that would be of general interest to Sector 1 users, please give it to Jon or Greg for inclusion in this list.

Frequently Asked Questions Frequently Asked Questions Frequently Asked Questions November 1, 2013 - 11:40am Addthis Frequently asked questions (FAQs) and their corresponding answers regarding industrial distributed energy (DE) and combined heat and power (CHP) are provided below. What is CHP? Why is there so much interest in CHP? Is CHP the same as cogeneration? What is the difference between CHP, CCHP, BCHP, DER, IES? Why can't I use my backup generator for on-site power production? Backup generators have been around for decades, what is new about on-site power generation? What types of power generators can I buy? How are generators classified, what is a kW? What is a recuperator and why is it important? What is an HRSG? What is a desiccant dehumidifier? How do desiccant dehumidifiers use waste heat in a CHP system?

Response to Weatherization Questions Response to Weatherization Questions Response to Weatherization Questions August 30, 2010 - 4:53pm Addthis Andy Oare Andy Oare Former New Media Strategist, Office of Public Affairs Last week as part of Vice President Biden's announcement of 200,000 homes weatherized under the Recovery act, we asked you to send us your questions and comments about the weatherization process. Today, we're following up with answers experts from the Department's Weatherization and Intergovernmental Program: 1) From edmooney via Twitter: @Energy Besides caulking, what are the best values in weatherization for the Northeast region. #weatherization Nationwide, the energy-efficient retrofits that consistently provide the best return on investment involve sealing gaps in the building envelope

Response to Weatherization Questions Response to Weatherization Questions Response to Weatherization Questions August 30, 2010 - 4:53pm Addthis Andy Oare Andy Oare Former New Media Strategist, Office of Public Affairs Last week as part of Vice President Biden's announcement of 200,000 homes weatherized under the Recovery act, we asked you to send us your questions and comments about the weatherization process. Today, we're following up with answers experts from the Department's Weatherization and Intergovernmental Program: 1) From edmooney via Twitter: @Energy Besides caulking, what are the best values in weatherization for the Northeast region. #weatherization Nationwide, the energy-efficient retrofits that consistently provide the best return on investment involve sealing gaps in the building envelope

This study examined questions embedded in four high school world geography textbooks to evaluate the degree to which the three components of spatial thinking were incorporated: concepts of space, tools of representation, and processes of reasoning. A three-dimensional taxonomy of spatial thinking to assess the questions was developed and validated via a survey of a group of spatial thinking experts. The spatiality of the concepts featured in 3,010 questions sampled from the textbooks was analyzed. The degree to which spatial representations and stimuli for reasoning were presented was also measured. Every question was compared against the taxonomy and coded. Inter-coder reliability was measured on about one percent of the sample questions. The results indicated that most questions that required knowledge about spatial concepts could be answered by knowing only simple concepts, such as location and place-specific identity, rather than complex concepts that require the identification of spatial patterns and associations. Not many questions asked students to incorporate spatial representations to answer the questions. Few questions did require creating a new representation. Students were asked to recall memorized geographic knowledge and terms rather than to infer, hypothesize, and generalize. Little difference was found among the four textbooks in that they rarely integrated the three components of spatial thinking into the questions. The research found that page-margin questions involved aspects of spatial thinking more than section- and chapter-assessment questions. Relatively simple concepts and lower level cognitive processes, however, were required in most questions that integrated the three components. The development of questions to help students practice complex processes of spatial thinking is necessary. The taxonomy developed in this research can be used as a guide to design curricular, instructional materials, and questions that incorporate aspects of spatial thinking.

Answering queries using views is a well-established technique in databases. In this context, two outstanding problems can be formulated. The first one consists in deciding whether a query can be answered exclusively using one or multiple materialized ... Keywords: XML, materialized views, xpath query evaluation

Answering President's Call on Commericalization Answering President's Call on Commericalization Energy Department Answering President's Call on Commericalization October 28, 2011 - 12:22pm Addthis Energy Department Answering President's Call on Commericalization Karina Edmonds Karina Edmonds Technology Transfer Coordinator What are the key facts? Today the President issued guidance on accelerating technology transfer and commercialization from federally-funded research. In line with the President's call, the Energy Department will be taking a leading role in answering this call, including taking a comprehensive look at the metrics we utilize to assess our Tech Transfer activities. Today, the President issued guidance on accelerating technology transfer and commercialization from federally-funded research. As the largest funder

Energy Department Answering President's Call on Commericalization Energy Department Answering President's Call on Commericalization Energy Department Answering President's Call on Commericalization October 28, 2011 - 12:22pm Addthis Energy Department Answering President's Call on Commericalization Karina Edmonds Karina Edmonds Technology Transfer Coordinator What are the key facts? Today the President issued guidance on accelerating technology transfer and commercialization from federally-funded research. In line with the President's call, the Energy Department will be taking a leading role in answering this call, including taking a comprehensive look at the metrics we utilize to assess our Tech Transfer activities. Today, the President issued guidance on accelerating technology transfer and commercialization from federally-funded research. As the largest funder

Frequently Asked Questions about the Office of Energy Efficiency Frequently Asked Questions about the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Frequently Asked Questions about the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Below are some of the questions we are regularly asked at EERE. These frequently asked questions cover topics such as EERE, tax credits and financial assistance, home energy, vehicles, industry, and energy education and training. If you don't find the answer to your question, please contact us with your question. General Information What does EERE stand for? What does the EERE do? Tax Credits and Financial Assistance Are there federal tax credits available for energy improvements to my home or business? Can I get a grant or other financial assistance to help me develop my energy-related innovation?

Questions about OpenEI? Questions about OpenEI? Home > Groups > OpenEI Community Central Graham7781's picture Submitted by Graham7781(2002) Super contributor 5 February, 2010 - 13:59 imported OpenEI What's the best way to find and use OpenEI information? How can you create and edit pages, link to existing information or add your own? How can OpenEI add value to your work? If you have questions like these--or want to share your thoughts about the answers--join the OpenEI Discussion Group. The most active and informed OpenEI members use the group constantly. If you have a question, they'll have the answer. Join in! Groups: OpenEI Community Central Graham7781's blog Latest blog posts Jweers New Robust References! Posted: 7 Aug 2013 - 18:23 by Jweers 1 comment(s)

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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-P/coNP-dichotomy theorem for ALCF ontologies. 1 Introduction In recent years, the use of ontologies to access instance data the basic ex- pressive DL ALC, its extensions ALCI with inverse roles and ALCF with functional roles show that there is no PTIME/coNP-dichotomy for CQ-answering w.r.t. ALCF-TBoxes (unless PTIME = NP

Appliance Rebates: Frequently Asked Questions Appliance Rebates: Frequently Asked Questions Appliance Rebates: Frequently Asked Questions April 26, 2010 - 4:55pm Addthis Andrea Spikes Communicator at DOE's National Renewable Energy Laboratory The appliance rebate program has been wildly successful in many states. So successful, in fact, that people have plenty of questions and aren't always finding the answers they need. Whether you're just learning about the appliance rebate program or have some nagging questions, I hope this information is helpful to you. For the most up-to-date information on rebates in your state, click on your state on Approved Energy Efficient Appliance Rebate Programs. Below is a list of the most common questions, taken from the Energy Savers Appliance Rebates page. (Note: The FAQs below are current as of this

Appliance Rebates: Frequently Asked Questions Appliance Rebates: Frequently Asked Questions Appliance Rebates: Frequently Asked Questions April 26, 2010 - 4:55pm Addthis Andrea Spikes Communicator at DOE's National Renewable Energy Laboratory The appliance rebate program has been wildly successful in many states. So successful, in fact, that people have plenty of questions and aren't always finding the answers they need. Whether you're just learning about the appliance rebate program or have some nagging questions, I hope this information is helpful to you. For the most up-to-date information on rebates in your state, click on your state on Approved Energy Efficient Appliance Rebate Programs. Below is a list of the most common questions, taken from the Energy Savers Appliance Rebates page. (Note: The FAQs below are current as of this

Why is Shale Gas Important? Why is Shale Gas Important? With the advance of extraction technology, shale gas production has led to a new abundance of natural gas supply in the United States over the past decade, and is expected to continue to do so for the foreseeable future. According to the Energy Information Administration (EIA), the unproved technically recoverable U.S. shale gas resource is estimated at 482 trillion cubic feet. 1 Estimated proved and unproved shale gas resources amount to a combined 542 trillion cubic feet (or 25 percent) out of a total U.S. resource of 2,203 trillion cubic feet. 2 U.S. shale gas production has increased 12-fold over the last

Air Air Key Points: * Air quality risks from shale oil and gas development are generally the result of: (1) dust and engine exhaust from increased truck traffic; (2) emissions from diesel-powered pumps used to power equipment; (3) intentional flaring or venting of gas for operational reasons; and, (4) unintentional emissions of pollutants from faulty equipment or impoundments. 1 * Natural gas is efficient and clean compared to other fossil fuels, emitting less nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide than coal and oil, no mercury and very few particulates. However, the drilling

Fracture Fluids Fracture Fluids Key Points: * Shale fracture fluid, or "slickwater," is largely composed of water (99%); but a number of additives are mixed in with it to increase the effectiveness of the fracturing operation. These additives vary as a function of the well type and the preferences of the operator. * Hydraulic fracturing fluids can contain hazardous chemicals and, if mismanaged, spills could leak harmful substances into ground or surface water. However, good field practice, governed by existing regulations, "should provide an adequate level of protection" from fracturing fluid risks. 1 1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, "MIT Study on the Future of Natural Gas," June 6, 2011, Chapter 2: Supply, page 41.

Surface Impacts Surface Impacts (non-water) Key Points: * There are many local economic and energy benefits from shale gas development; there is also an inherent risk of increased traffic or other habitat disturbances that could affect residents, agriculture, farming, fishing and hunting. 1 * Shale gas development can lead to socio-economic impacts and can increase demands on local infrastructure, traffic, labor force, education, medical and other services. 2 Federal and state laws are designed to mitigate the impact of these challenges. * The rapid expansion of shale gas development and hydraulic fracturing has increased attention on potential effects on human health, the environment and local wildlife habitat. Vegetation and soils are disturbed where gas wells require new roads, clearing and leveling.

This article of mathematical education reflects author's experience with job applications and teaching methods and procedures to employ in the American Higher Education. It is organized as a standard questionnaire.

Q.2 How are project costs defined? A.2 Project costs are defined as all allowable, allocable and reasonable costs incurred pertaining to the implementation of the project's scope of work. For more details of the Non- Road Set Aside funds. Q.5 Does a sliding scale exist for the project cost and the maximum award

In this paper we investigate the use of several types of lexico-semantic information for query expansion in the passage retrieval component of our QA system. We have used four corpus-based methods to acquire semantically related words, and we have used ...

the radiation from a mammogram? Should I worry about this? Data from the atomic bomb survivors and other groups. The single most effective way a woman can detect early breast cancer is through routine mammography medical history Â· Physical exam which includes palpation of the breast and nearby lymph nodes Â· Imaging

On September 22, 1992, the Secretary of Energy directed the Department to participate in the Environmental Protection Agency`s (EPA) 33/50 Pollution Prevention Program and to initiate Toxic Chemical Release Inventory (TRI) reporting, pursuant to Section 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA), at Department of Energy (DOE) sites. The Office of Environmental Guidance, RCRA/CERCLA Division (EH-231) issued interim guidance on March 4, 1993, entitled ``Toxic Chemical Release Inventory and 33/50 Pollution Prevention Program`` that provided instructions on implementing the Secretarial directive. As stated in the interim guidance, all DOE sites not currently reporting under EPCRA Section 313, which meet the criteria for DOE TRI reporting, will initiate reporting of all TRI chemical releases and transfers for the 1993 calendar year with the annual report due to EPA, States and a courtesy copy to EH-20 by July 1, 1994. All other DOE sites which currently report under EPCRA Section 313 will also follow the criteria for DOE TRI reporting.

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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channel click Add or Drop Classes 3. Choose the term from the dropdown box and click Submit 4. Enter your Alternate PIN and click Submit #12;5. To register for a new class click Class Search 6. To change the Class Search button. 5 6 6 If you are searching for Internet classes you can select "Internet Only

many miles from a power plant? Using roof tops is so logical, it is almost criminal and the initial temperatures are relatively low (several hundred degrees lower than for coal). Lower initial temperatures result in lower conversion efficiencies, which in turn means that more water is need to handle

the difference in energy required to light the two different types of light bulbs. We know that one type is more types of light bulbs. The first type, the kind developed by Thomas Edison, using a simple physical principle: when you get something hot, it glows. The hot wire filament inside an incandescent light bulb

It Seems Like Shale Gas Came Out It Seems Like Shale Gas Came Out of Nowhere - What Happened? Knowledge of gas shale resources and even production techniques has been around a long time (see "Technological Highlights" timeline). But even as recently as a few years ago, very little of the resource was considered economical to produce. Innovative advances - especially in horizontal drilling, hydraulic fracturing and other well stimulation technologies - did much to make hundreds of trillions of cubic feet of shale gas technically recoverable where it once was not. The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy, along with industry partners, was heavily involved in the innovation chain, and helped to make some of these techniques, as well as protective

Induced Seismic Events Induced Seismic Events (Earthquakes) Key Points: * Induced seismic events are earthquakes attributable to human activity. The possibility of induced seismic activity related to energy development projects, including shale gas, has drawn some public attention. * Although hydraulic fracturing releases energy deep beneath the surface to break rock, studies thus far indicate the energy released is generally not large enough to trigger a seismic event that could be felt on the surface. 1 * However, waste fluid disposal through underground injection can "pose some risk for induced seismicity." 2 * According to the National Academies of Sciences (NAS), accurately predicting seismic event magnitude or occurrence is not possible, in part because of a lack of comprehensive data on

QuestionsQuestions 1. Technology Transfer 2. Patent 3. Requirements for obtaining a patent 4. Copyright 5. Public Disclosure 6. Record of Invention 7. Publishing before filing a patent 8. Policy about laboratory notebooks 9. Materials Transfer Agreement 10. Non-Disclosure Agreement 11. Open Source Software Program 12. Role of Office of Technology Commercialization and Partnerships (TCP) 13. Role of Intellectual Property Legal Group (IPLG) 14. Location of TCP/IPLG If a specific question related to commercialization or partnerships is not addressed, please contact the TCP staff members that you normally work with or Colleen Michael at 631- 344 -4919. For specific questions related to intellectual property, please contact Dorene Price at 631-

Ethicist - Questions & Answers Ethicist - Questions & Answers In This Section: Ask the Ethicist Ask the Ethicist - Q&A Submit a Question Posted: December 22, 2009 Q. What should a FRA employee do with free items (pens, calendars, tote bags, radios and food) left by a vendor? A. As mentioned in the Dec. 18 issue of Fermilab Today, the Code of Conduct prohibits employees from accepting any gratuity, gift or special favor from individuals or organizations with whom FRA is doing business or proposing to do business. The policy states that "except for advertising novelties of minimal value, gratuities shall be refused or returned." This means that your actions depend on what the vendor leaves. Items such as calendars, pens and tote bags generally qualify as advertising novelties

TE Connectivity Finds Answers in TE Connectivity Finds Answers in Tomography TE Connectivity Finds Answers in Tomography Print Thursday, 22 August 2013 10:50 TE Connectivity is a world leader in connectivity-the $13 billion global company designs and manufactures more than 500,000 different electronic connectivity products for the automotive, energy, industrial, broadband communications, consumer device, healthcare, aerospace, and defense industries. TE Connectivity has a long-standing commitment to innovation and engineering excellence. Their products help address challenges arising from companies' need for energy efficiency, always-on communications, and ever-increasing productivity. Recently, a team led by TE's senior manager of materials development, Dr. Jerzy Gazda (at left), has been investigating how ALS tomography capabilities can help the company develop more efficient connectors.

Table of Contents Table of Contents Lesson 1 - Energy Basics Lesson 2 - Electricity Basics Lesson 3 - Atoms and Isotopes Lesson 4 - Ionizing Radiation Lesson 5 - Fission, Chain Reactions Lesson 6 - Atom to Electricity Lesson 7 - Waste from Nuclear Power Plants Lesson 8 - Concerns Lesson 9 - Energy and You 1 Lesson 1 Energy Basics ENERGY BASICS What is energy? Energy is the ability to do work. But what does that really mean? You might think of work as cleaning your room, cutting the grass, or studying for a test. And all these require energy. To a scientist, "work" means something more exact. Work is causing a change. It can be a change in position, like standing up or moving clothes from the floor to the laundry basket. It can be a change in temperature, like heating water for a cup

govScienceKey Science Questions govScienceKey Science Questions Science Research Themes Research Highlights Journal Articles Collaborations Atmospheric System Research (ASR) ARM Science Team Meetings User Meetings Annual Meetings of the Atmospheric System Research (ASR) Science Team and Fall Working Groups Accomplishments Read about the 20 years of accomplishments (PDF, 696KB) from the ARM Program and user facility. Performance Metrics ASR Metrics 2009 2008 2007 2006 Key Science Questions The role of clouds and water vapor in climate change is not well understood; yet water vapor is the largest greenhouse gas and directly affects cloud cover and the propagation of radiant energy. In fact, there may be positive feedback between water vapor and other greenhouse gases. Carbon dioxide and other gases from human activities slightly warm the

Frequently Asked Questions: Lighting Choices to Save You Money Frequently Asked Questions: Lighting Choices to Save You Money Frequently Asked Questions: Lighting Choices to Save You Money August 9, 2012 - 9:20am Addthis Frequently Asked Questions: Lighting Choices to Save You Money Below are some of the most frequently asked questions and answers about the new lighting efficiency standards. Learn more about your lighting choices and find out how to shop for lights by lumens, not watts. Download our Lighting Myths and Facts fact sheet to learn more about your lighting choices and the new lighting standards. Why are my lighting choices changing? What is the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007)? When will the new bulbs be phased in? What will the lighting standards mandated by EISA 2007 mean to consumers?

Frequently asked questions about tritium Frequently asked questions about tritium Answers to Frequently Asked Questions about Tritium at Fermilab. If you have any questions about tritium at Fermilab, please call the Office of Communication at 630-840-3351, or submit a question online. Q: What is tritium? A: Tritium is a form of hydrogen. It's a weakly radioactive isotope with a half-life of 12.3 years. When tritium decays into ordinary helium, it emits low-energy particles called beta particles. Although tritium can be found as a gas, its most common form is water. The Earth's atmosphere contains low levels of tritium produced naturally when cosmic rays strike air particles. At Fermilab, small amounts of tritium are produced as a byproduct of accelerator operations. Q: Does the tritium at Fermilab constitute a health risk to employees or

Frequently Asked Questions: Lighting Choices to Save You Money Frequently Asked Questions: Lighting Choices to Save You Money Frequently Asked Questions: Lighting Choices to Save You Money August 9, 2012 - 9:20am Addthis Frequently Asked Questions: Lighting Choices to Save You Money Below are some of the most frequently asked questions and answers about the new lighting efficiency standards. Learn more about your lighting choices and find out how to shop for lights by lumens, not watts. Download our Lighting Myths and Facts fact sheet to learn more about your lighting choices and the new lighting standards. Why are my lighting choices changing? What is the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007)? When will the new bulbs be phased in? What will the lighting standards mandated by EISA 2007 mean to consumers?

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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From the Publisher:MCSD TestPrep: Visual Basic 6 provides study questions, in-depth and focused review, and test-taking strategies. Chapters are organized by the objective areas on the exam. Individual objective sections open with an explanation ...

Webcast to Discuss Questions related to Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage (ICCS) Technology Webcast to Discuss Questions related to Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage (ICCS) Technology Area 1 Phase 2 Renewal Applications DOE/NETL has received several questions from ICCS recipients regarding preparation of "Phase 2 Renewal Applications". NETL has scheduled a Webcast for Thursday, February 25, 2010 at 1pm Eastern Time, to discuss and provide answers to many of these questions. Questions and answers will be posted on the NETL website. Additional questions may be submitted through your NETL Project manager throughout the Renewal Application process. NETL will respond to these in writing and post them on a web site for all Phase 1 Recipients to see. This web site is currently under construction, and a link will be provided in the future.

Frequently Asked Questions Frequently Asked Questions About This Site What is fueleconomy.gov? Adobe Acrobat Icon Fuel Economy Estimates How are fuel economy ratings determined? EPA estimates are based on laboratory tests conducted by manufacturers according to federal regulations. EPA re-tests about 10% of vehicle models to confirm manufacturer's results. For more detailed information, visit our page on How Vehicles Are Tested. Why does my fuel economy differ from EPA estimates? No test can accurately predict fuel economy for all drivers and all driving conditions. Driver behavior, driving conditions, vehicle maintenance, fuel characteristics, weather, and other factors can all affect fuel economy significantly as explained here. What should I do if my fuel economy is excessively low?

(Updated 7/18/2011) 1 Certification Review Board (CRB) Processes for Grading Past Performance Question: Does the Certification Review Board (CRB or the Board) consider past performance when determining whether to grant or deny Federal Project Director (FPD) certification? Answer: Yes-the Board does consider past performance. An FPD's performance on his/her project(s) is one indicator of his/her ability to successfully manage future projects, especially at Levels 3 and 4 which tend to be more complicated and have a higher level of risk. Question: If I take over a failing project, does that automatically mean that my performance will be judged as inadequate? Answer: No-the Board is interested in a candidate's performance to determine if he/she made a positive

This document summarizes proceedings and conclusions of a US DOE workshop. The purpose of the workshop was to identify the underlying research needed to answer the following questions: (1) Can the natural carbon cycle be used to aid in stabilizing or decreasing atmospheric CO{sub 2} and CH{sub 4} by: (a) Increasing carbon capture; (b) Preventing carbon from returning to the atmosphere through intermediate (<100 years) to long-term sequestration (> 100 years)?; and (2) What kind of ecosystem management practices could be used to achieve this? Three working groups were formed to discuss the terrestrial biosphere, oceans, and methane. Basic research needs identified included fundamental understanding of carbon cycling and storage in soils, influence of climate change and anthropogenic emissions on the carbon cycle, and carbon capture and sequestration in oceans. 2 figs., 4 tabs.

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December 10 - December 17 Question of the Week Name: Millard Status: student Grade: 9-12 Location: MD Country: USA Date: Spring 2013 Question My dad has a classic car, and because it gets driven very little each year, the tires dry rot before he can get much tread wear on them. What could be used to protect the tires from dry rot and cracking? Answers from Our Expert Staff Hi Millard, Thanks for the question. I would recommend keeping the car on blocks so that there is no weight on the tires. Additionally, I would recommend that no electrical equipment (motors, switches, and other things that spark) be used around the car. The sparks generate ozone and ozone can cause rubber items such as tires, belts, and hoses to crack. I hope this helps. Please let me know if you have more questions.

The basic principle of superconductivity is suggested in this paper. There have been two vital wrong suggestions on the basic principle, one is the relation between superconductivity and the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC), and another is the relation between superconductivity and pseudogap.

Department of Energy Pt. 835 H. UNREVIEWED SAFETY QUESTIONS 1. The USQ process is an important tool to evaluate whether changes affect the safety basis. A contractor must use the USQ proc- ess to ensure that the safety basis for a DOE nuclear facility is not undermined by changes in the facility, the work performed, the associated hazards, or other factors that support the adequacy of the safety basis. 2. The USQ process permits a contractor to make physical and procedural changes to a nuclear facility and to conduct tests and ex- periments without prior approval, provided these changes do not cause a USQ. The USQ process provides a contractor with the flexi- bility needed to conduct day-to-day oper- ations by requiring only those changes and tests with a potential to impact the safety

3 3 Department of Energy Pt. 835 H. UNREVIEWED SAFETY QUESTIONS 1. The USQ process is an important tool to evaluate whether changes affect the safety basis. A contractor must use the USQ proc- ess to ensure that the safety basis for a DOE nuclear facility is not undermined by changes in the facility, the work performed, the associated hazards, or other factors that support the adequacy of the safety basis. 2. The USQ process permits a contractor to make physical and procedural changes to a nuclear facility and to conduct tests and ex- periments without prior approval, provided these changes do not cause a USQ. The USQ process provides a contractor with the flexi- bility needed to conduct day-to-day oper- ations by requiring only those changes and tests with a potential to impact the safety

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This tutorial gives a basic introduction to evolution strategies, a class of evolutionary algorithms. Key features such as mutation, recombination and selection operators are explained, and specifically the concept of self-adaptation of strategy parameters ... Keywords: evolution strategies

Queries in object-oriented datab;Lqcs are formulated against a class and retrieve instnnccls of the class sat,is-fying a certain predicate on the att,riblltes of the class. The presence of a class hierarchy, an integral part of any object-oriented data model, allows answers to be expressed implicitly in terms of classes and instances. This enables answers to be provided at different levels of abstraction. Shum and Muntz [SM88] presented a way of providing implicit expressions based on a taxonomy defined over the database. The algorithm presented in [SM88] is optimal in the length of the answer but the clarity of the answer is often poor. In this paper, the fo-cus is on coherent answers: implicit answers that are not necessarily optimal in the number of terms but are easy to comprehend. We show that a uniqlle coherent answer can be obtained efficiently in a top down nlanncr. Since the objective is to provide cohcrcnt, answers, and user queries are formulated by means of query operators to access the database, the standard query operators are redefined to obtain and manipulate coherent answers. Coherent answers are useful in coping with information complexity as they allow answers to be represented ab-stractly and are also a useful rctprescntation tool for complex information systems. 1

Commercial Buildings Â» Buildings Performance Database Â» Commercial Buildings Â» Buildings Performance Database Â» Frequently Asked Questions About the Buildings Performance Database Frequently Asked Questions About the Buildings Performance Database On this page you will find answers to frequently asked questions pertaining to the DOE Buildings Performance Database (BPD). General What is the purpose of the BPD? What building energy performance data is included in the BPD? Access Information How can I access the database? How can I contribute data to the BPD? Database and Analysis Information What kinds of buildings does the BPD have? What are the data sources that populate the BPD? Does the BPD have time series data? How do you ensure that the data from these multiple sources is consistent and valid? What data format does the BPD utilize?

a Question About Energy Efficiency or Renewable Energy? Ask a Question About Energy Efficiency or Renewable Energy? Ask Ener-Gee Whiz! Have a Question About Energy Efficiency or Renewable Energy? Ask Ener-Gee Whiz! May 26, 2009 - 4:37pm Addthis Amy Foster Parish This week marks the start of a new feature at the Energy Savers Blog that we're calling Ener-Gee Whiz. Ener-Gee Whiz posts will provide information on hot energy efficiency and renewables topics in the news or answer energy-related questions posed by Energy Savers blog readers. To get this first post started, I've provided answers to a few questions that consumers have asked of the staff here at the EERE Information Center in recent weeks: Question: I'm interested in installing a small wind or solar electric system at my home. How do I get started? Answer: There are a number of first steps you might consider if you're

Have a Question About Energy Efficiency or Renewable Energy? Ask Have a Question About Energy Efficiency or Renewable Energy? Ask Ener-Gee Whiz! Have a Question About Energy Efficiency or Renewable Energy? Ask Ener-Gee Whiz! May 26, 2009 - 4:37pm Addthis Amy Foster Parish This week marks the start of a new feature at the Energy Savers Blog that we're calling Ener-Gee Whiz. Ener-Gee Whiz posts will provide information on hot energy efficiency and renewables topics in the news or answer energy-related questions posed by Energy Savers blog readers. To get this first post started, I've provided answers to a few questions that consumers have asked of the staff here at the EERE Information Center in recent weeks: Question: I'm interested in installing a small wind or solar electric system at my home. How do I get started? Answer: There are a number of first steps you might consider if you're

The last decade has seen many interesting applications of QuestionAnswering (QA) technology. The Jeopardy! quiz show is certainly one of the most fascinating, from the viewpoints of both its broad domain and the complexity of its language. In this paper, ...

Biofuels Basics Biofuels Basics Content on this page requires a newer version of Adobe Flash Player. Get Adobe Flash player This video provides an overview of NREL research on converting biomass to liquid fuels. Text Version Unlike other renewable energy sources, biomass can be converted directly into liquid fuels, called "biofuels," to help meet transportation fuel needs. The two most common types of biofuels in use today are ethanol and biodiesel. Ethanol is an alcohol, the same as in beer and wine (although ethanol used as a fuel is modified to make it undrinkable). It is most commonly made by fermenting any biomass high in carbohydrates through a process similar to beer brewing. Today, ethanol is made from starches and sugars, but NREL scientists are developing technology to allow it to be made from cellulose

Ask Your Energy Innovation Hub Questions Ask Your Energy Innovation Hub Questions Ask Your Energy Innovation Hub Questions April 22, 2013 - 4:57pm Q&A Want to know what the Energy Innovation Hubs are working on? Ask Us Addthis Ask Your Energy Innovation Hub Questions April Saylor April Saylor Former Digital Outreach Strategist, Office of Public Affairs Tomorrow, energy experts will join policymakers on Capitol Hill to discuss the important work going on at Energy Innovation Hubs across the country. These facilities, which were created in 2010, are integrated research centers that combine basic and applied research with engineering to accelerate scientific discovery in critical energy issue areas. The Hubs are made up of teams of the best researchers and engineers in the United States - all working together to achieve major national energy goals.

Ask Your Energy Innovation Hub Questions Ask Your Energy Innovation Hub Questions Ask Your Energy Innovation Hub Questions April 22, 2013 - 4:57pm Q&A Want to know what the Energy Innovation Hubs are working on? Ask Us Addthis Ask Your Energy Innovation Hub Questions April Saylor April Saylor Former Digital Outreach Strategist, Office of Public Affairs Tomorrow, energy experts will join policymakers on Capitol Hill to discuss the important work going on at Energy Innovation Hubs across the country. These facilities, which were created in 2010, are integrated research centers that combine basic and applied research with engineering to accelerate scientific discovery in critical energy issue areas. The Hubs are made up of teams of the best researchers and engineers in the United States - all working together to achieve major national energy goals.

Apply for a Job Apply for a Job Connect with Argonne LinkedIn Facebook Twitter YouTube Google+ More Social Media Â» Career Opportunities - Frequently Asked Questions How do I apply for a job at Argonne? Using Argonne's online application system, create a profile. Note that if you have your resume handy (in Microsoft Word or PDF format), you can upload it, and basic information will be extracted and populate the profile fields. Once you complete your profile, you can apply to any job openings that match your skills and qualifications by logging into the system. Where do I find the online application system? You can find links that will allow you to search full- and part-time openings, postdoctoral openings, or student openings by clicking the appropriate link on the APPLY FOR A JOB page.

The Fukushima Daiichi response posed a plethora of scientific questions to the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) radiological emergency response community. As concerns arose for decision makers, the DOE leveraged a community of scientists well-versed in the tenants of emergency situations to provide answers to time-sensitive questions from different parts of the world. A chronology of the scientific Q and A that occurred is presented along with descriptions of the challenges that were faced and how new methods were employed throughout the course of the response.

Question about Map of Wind Farms Question about Map of Wind Farms Home > Groups > Developer I am curious whether there is a data file that contains the GPS coordinates for all of the wind farms on the Open EI map (en.openei.org/wiki/Map_of_Wind_Farms). I saw that coordinates can be found separately for each wind farm (by clicking on the wind farm name to the right of the map), but I am hoping there is a short cut that could allow me to quickly map all of the wind farms using GIS software. Submitted by Wzeng on 13 July, 2012 - 13:59 1 answer Points: 0 Hi, there is a button labeled "Download CSV" below the map. A recent change was made to make the geographic coordinates available in the download. They appear in a field titled Coordinates as numeric values of latitude and longitude, in decimal degrees. In order to use with GIS software, the

Question about Map of Wind Farms Question about Map of Wind Farms Home > Groups > Developer I am curious whether there is a data file that contains the GPS coordinates for all of the wind farms on the Open EI map (en.openei.org/wiki/Map_of_Wind_Farms). I saw that coordinates can be found separately for each wind farm (by clicking on the wind farm name to the right of the map), but I am hoping there is a short cut that could allow me to quickly map all of the wind farms using GIS software. Submitted by Wzeng on 13 July, 2012 - 13:59 1 answer Points: 0 Hi, there is a button labeled "Download CSV" below the map. A recent change was made to make the geographic coordinates available in the download. They appear in a field titled Coordinates as numeric values of latitude and longitude, in decimal degrees. In order to use with GIS software, the

plane's gas tank when full holds enough gas to fly n miles (under all conditions) and his map gives, calculators, notes, talking, etc. Using any communications device at all (cell phones, walkie talkies, etc

Oak Ridge Operations Oak Ridge Operations Nuclear Facility Safety Basis Fundamentals Self-Study Guide Review Questions Name: Organization: Directions: This is an open-book evaluation. Complete the questions, and submit your answers (hand-written or electronically) to the Training Center. Someone will check and grade your answers. If you achieve a score of at least 80%, you will receive a completion certificate. Questions: 1. What is safety basis (SB)? 2. How does SB fit with integrated safety management (ISM)? 3. In what primary DOE documents can requirements and guidance for SB be found? 4. What are the "graded approach" factors that DOE takes into account in ensuring that the level of analysis and documentation and the actions used to comply with the requirements are

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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Oak Ridge Operations Oak Ridge Operations Nuclear Facility Safety Basis Fundamentals Self-Study Guide Review Questions Name: Organization: Directions: This is an open-book evaluation. Complete the questions, and submit your answers (hand-written or electronically) to the Training Center. Someone will check and grade your answers. If you achieve a score of at least 80%, you will receive a completion certificate. Questions: 1. What is safety basis (SB)? 2. How does SB fit with integrated safety management (ISM)? 3. In what primary DOE documents can requirements and guidance for SB be found? 4. What are the "graded approach" factors that DOE takes into account in ensuring that the level of analysis and documentation and the actions used to comply with the requirements are

NREL's Center for Basic Sciences performs fundamental research for DOE's Office of Science. Our mission is to provide fundamental knowledge in the basic sciences and engineering that will underpin new and improved renewable energy technologies.

for emissions if a carbon tax policy is implemented. What combination of policy and vehicle pricing with alternate vehicle technologies such as electric hybrids. The various scenarios show the effects of natural percent less than the operating cost of a gasoline vehicle, but unless there are government incentives

gamma repeaters, or gamma-ray bursts for which optical or ra- dio counterparts are found. In its first of HETE, the two principal GRB detectors close to Earth were the BeppoSAX Gamma- Ray Burst Moni- tor (GRBM aboard HETE-II has been successfully integrated into the Third Interplanetary Network (IPN) of gamma-ray

Carbide? Graphite epoxy composites (carbon fiber materials). Are there plans to refill the liquid helium everywhere in the interstellar medium. What other materials were considered for the mirror besides Silicon

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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In answer set programming (ASP), one does not allow the use of function symbols. Disallowing function symbols avoids the problem of having logic programs which have stable models of excessively high complexity. For example, Marek, Nerode, and Remmel ...

In this paper we propose an extension of Answer Set Programming (ASP) [1], and in particular, of its most general logical counterpart, Quantified Equilibrium Logic (QEL) [2], to deal with partial functions. Although the treatment of equality in QEL can ...

from the Certification Review Board Panel Discussion from the Certification Review Board Panel Discussion OECM Annual Project Management Workshop, March 16, 2011 1 Question: Does the Certification Review Board (CRB or the Board) consider past performance when determining whether to grant or deny Federal Project Director (FPD) certification? Answer: The Board does consider past performance. An FPD's performance on his/her projects is one indicator of his/her ability to successfully manage future projects, especially at Levels 3 and 4 which tend to be more complicated and have a higher level of risk. Question: If I take over a failing project, does that automatically mean that my performance will be judged as inadequate? Answer: The Board is interested in a candidate's performance to determine if he/she made a positive

from the Certification Review Board Panel Discussion from the Certification Review Board Panel Discussion OECM Annual Project Management Workshop, March 16, 2011 1 Question: Does the Certification Review Board (CRB or the Board) consider past performance when determining whether to grant or deny Federal Project Director (FPD) certification? Answer: The Board does consider past performance. An FPD's performance on his/her projects is one indicator of his/her ability to successfully manage future projects, especially at Levels 3 and 4 which tend to be more complicated and have a higher level of risk. Question: If I take over a failing project, does that automatically mean that my performance will be judged as inadequate? Answer: The Board is interested in a candidate's performance to determine if he/she made a positive

Sample records for answer basic questions from the National Library of Energy Beta (NLEBeta)

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These FAQs, along with responses, were created to help clarify and interpret existing New York State guidance and regulations. This information will be of interest to ELAP-certified laboratories that analyze samples for asbestos, asbestos-related mitigation companies /consultants, training providers or other interested parties involved in the assessment, sampling and/or analysis of asbestos. At the end of the FAQ is a detailed list of references for your review. Please refer to the appropriate regulation, guidance, manual or methods as necessary for further information. If you have any additional questions, please do not hesitate to contact the appropriate State program listed below:

Submittal Basics Print page Print page Email page Email page Reporting Requirements DOE reporting requirements for financial assistance recipients and non-major site/facility management contractors should be clearly outlined in your award document. Contact your DOE Contracting Officer with questions or concerns. STI deliverables generated by major site/facility management contractors are identified at the project level. There are instances when only the Announcement Notice should be submitted to OSTI. STI Product Types STI is found in many forms and format. Review Types of STI for a comprehensive list. For copyrighted materials, only an announcement notice may be submitted, but detailed information regarding where the materials are published is required as part of the announcement notice.

Bioenergy Expert: Melinda Hamilton Bioenergy Expert: Melinda Hamilton 10 Questions for a Bioenergy Expert: Melinda Hamilton February 15, 2011 - 4:43pm Addthis Melinda Hamilton | Photo courtesy of the Idaho National Laboratory Melinda Hamilton | Photo courtesy of the Idaho National Laboratory Niketa Kumar Niketa Kumar Public Affairs Specialist, Office of Public Affairs Meet Melinda Hamilton - she's a bioenergy expert and the Director of Education Programs at Idaho National Laboratory. She recently took some time to share what she's doing to help ramp-up U.S. competitiveness in science and technology, why Jane Goodall led her to a career in science and what can happen in a lab if you don't start with a good plan. Q: What sparked your interest to pursue a career in science? Melinda Hamilton: The answer is kind of corny, but the truth is when I was

We study negative unfolding for logic programs from a viewpoint of preservation of the answer set semantics. To this end, we consider negative unfolding in terms of nested expressions by Lifschitz et al., and regard it as a combination of the replacement ...

This paper extends fuzzy logic programs [12, 24] to allow the explicit representation of classical negation as well as non-monotonic negation, by introducing the notion of extended fuzzy logic programs. We present the fuzzy answer set semantics for the ...

Daylighting Basics Daylighting Basics Daylighting Basics August 16, 2013 - 11:24am Addthis Energy 101: Daylighting Basics This video explains how homeowners and businesses can use highly efficient, strategically placed windows to save money. Text Version Daylighting is the use of windows and skylights to bring sunlight into buildings. Daylighting in businesses and commercial buildings can result in substantial savings on electric bills, and not only provides a higher quality of light but also improves productivity and health. Daylighting in schools has even improved student grades and attendance. Today's highly energy-efficient windows, as well as advances in lighting design, allow efficient use of windows to reduce the need for artificial lighting during daylight hours without causing heating or cooling problems.