Emotion

Emotions are biologically-based responses (including changes in physiology, behavior, and subjective experience) to situations that are perceived as being personally relevant. Although the biological basis of emotions are innate, our emotional responses to stimuli are learned. Different theories (summarized in the graphic below) propose different models of how emotion works. The theory that is best supported by data is the Two-Factor theory of emotion, which posits that emotions depend on an interpretation of our biological response to stimuli. For example, standing on the edge of a cliff can make you breath hard and feel your heart pounding, but so can seeing someone attractive. In order to differentiate the subjective experience of fear from excitement, we interpret this bodily reaction in the context of the situation.

Functions of Emotion

Prepare and force you to take action, either approaching or withdrawing

Enhance memories of personally relevant events

Convey non-verbal social signals, some of which are universal (a smile says "I am happy" everywhere!)

Social referencing: we look to the facial expressions of peers and loved ones to determine whether a response is appropriate or whether a situation is dangerous

Interpersonal emotions (like jealousy, guilt, and embarrassment), cause us to take action to either strengthen our bonds, make reparations, or sympathize with others

As we all have experienced, when we feel strong emotional pain, everything bad in life seems to bubble to the surface of our thoughts. In this climactic scene from David Fincher's The Social Network (2010), Eduardo explodes in a fit of anger and dejection after learning that his best friend, Mark, has betrayed him. This is another must see film if you're interested in psychology. Mark, who lacks emotional intelligence and social graces, uses his extraordinary intellect to develop Facebook. As his creation brings him new friends and opportunities, Eduardo must deal with the emotional struggle of being left behind. Thematically, the film illustrates the potential costs of success. In terms of psychology, the film is an excellent exploration of emotion, the desire for social acceptance, and the nature of friendship. Trailer below. (Note: The clip above contains explicit language).