Figure 4: Velocity (arrows for the horizontal wind and green contours for the vertical velocity) and reflectivity (color field) at z = 3.1 km produced by (a) the prediction in the control run and (b) the analysis in Test 1 at 2108 UTC. The black contours are plotted every 10 dBZ for the observed reflectivity (analyzed onto the grid). The vertical velocity contours are plotted in green for ±0.5, ±2, and ±5 ms−1. The arrow (=30 m s−1) at the lower-left corner is the vector scale for the horizontal velocity.