PSc.3.1 Understand types of energy, conservation of energy and energy transfer.PSc.3.1.1 • Infer the ability of various materials to absorb or release thermal energy in order to conceptually relate mass, specific heat capacity, and temperature of materials to the amount of heat transferred. (Calculations with p q mC T = ∆ should be used to aid in conceptual development through laboratory investigation and analysis, not as problem-solving exercises.)• Compare thermal energy, heat, and temperature.• Relate phase changes to latent heat that changes the potential energy of particles while the average kinetic energy of particles (temperature) remains the same. (Link to PSc.2.1.2)• Compare conduction, convection, and radiation as methods of energy transfer.PSc.3.1.2• Exemplify the relationship between kinetic energy, potential energy, and heat to illustrate that total energy is conserved in mechanical systems such as a pendulum, roller coaster, cars/balls on ramps, etc.• Relate types of friction in a system to the transformation of mechanical energy to heat.PSc.3.1.3• Explain scenarios in which work is done, identifying the force, displacement, and energy transfer- work requires energy; when work isdone on an object, the result is an increase in its energy and is accompanied by a decrease in energy somewhere else.• Compare scenarios in which work is done and conceptually explain the differences in magnitude of work done using the relationship W = F∆d PSc.3.1.4• Infer the work and power relationship: P= W/t = F(d)/t = FvDetermine the component simple machines present in complex machines – categorize a wedge and screw as variations of an inclined plane; a pulley and wheel & axle as variations of a lever.• Explain the relationship between work input and work output for simple machines using the law of conservation of energyDefine and determine ideal and actual mechanical advantage: Define and determine efficiency of machines: Explain why no machine can be 100% efficient.

Analyze the energy transformations within a system. Describe the relationship between potential energy and kinetic energy without friction and then describe the relationships as friction is added. Make a " W " shape track and make sure the skater dude stays on. Move the track down to the ground. Make 5 circles ( one for each point in the w). Click on the pie chart. Allow your skater to go through the system and stop him at each of the highest and lowest points and color in your drawn circles. Notice the percentages at each spot. It may be helpful to put in the bar graph to see the relationships.

Next add in a small portion of friction.

ENERGY and WORK POWERPOINT alex.state.al.us/uploads/548/Energy%20and%20Work.ppt