Title (fr)

Publication

Application

Priority

EP 93917239 A 19930716

US 91616592 A 19920717

US 97959792 A 19921120

US 5634893 A 19930430

US 9201693 A 19930715

US 9213393 A 19930715

Abstract (en)

[origin: EP0901120A2] By applying a voltage or signal and withdrawing or injecting an electron or electrons to a layer of material, it is possible to write, erase or read data electrochemically. The layer of material has at least one portion that will reversibly change between charge states in response to the applied voltage or signal and the withdrawal or injection of an electron or electrons. Alternatively, the material of the layer may be such that the portion of the layer of material will dissociate into components in response to the applied voltage or signal and injection or withdrawal of an electron or electrons. The stored data may be read using a scanning tunneling microscope by applying a voltage or signal thereto and detecting the current through, voltage across or signal reflected from the layer to detect the different charge states or structures of different portions of the layer. The signal or voltage applied can be a DC or AC signal, a signal pulse or transient or various combinations thereof. By using a material with more than two charge states or with multiple locations each with different charge states and by applying a signal with and detecting at a single or multiple frequencies, it is possible to write, erase or read multiple bits of information simultaneously.