1-3,19,23,25,26) Since central thermoregulation is mediated by interactions between the noradrenergic, dopaminergic, serotoninergic, and cholinergic pathways, it is unlikely that NMS is due solely to the antidopaminergic effects of neuroleptic drugs.

Starting in the early 1990s, he and his associates found that nicotine gum or a nicotine patch enhanced the action of neuroleptic drugs like haloperidol for controlling the motor and verbal tics of children with Tourette's syndrome (J.

The investigators were led to their focus on ApoD by studies applying Digital Gene Technologies' TOGA(TM) technology to assess gene expression changes in mouse brain samples over a two week time course following administration of the neuroleptic drug clozapine.

2] receptors) reduced the volume of water consumed but increased chewing behavior, which led the authors to conclude that schedule-induced polydipsia could be a good model to evaluate neuroleptic drugs owing to its sensitivity to the extrapyramidal effects produced by these substances.

A number of causative factors have been found to induce parkinsonism similar to that of idiopathic PD, including vascular insults to the brain, repeated head trauma, neuroleptic drugs, and manganese toxicity (Adler 1999).

Whitaker cites studies finding that schizophrenics who haven't been drugged do not show higher dopamine levels than non-mentally-ill controls, and that any apparent increase in dopamine receptors in schizophrenics follows, not precedes, the use of neuroleptic drugs.

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