in human feces can live seven species of amoebas that can trigger the development of intestinal amebiasis, but Entamoeba histolytica is a parasitic infestation (contamination).In the resting stage (cyst) dysentery amoeba through the mouth enters the human body, migrate to the large intestine, it passes from the resting stage to the vegetative stage (trophozoite) and begin to actively proliferate.

trophozoites multiply by dividing in two.Some of them are in the form of cysts formed quad leaves the host with the feces.The second part is introduced into the intestinal mucosa, the third through the blood primarily infect the liver, and then the brain, lungs, and other organs.Thus, intestinal amebiasis extraintestinal gradually a

cquires form spread to other organ systems.The source of infection of intestinal amebiasis can only be infected person or carrier dysentery amoeba Entamoeba histolytica.

This article will talk about the types of the disease, as well as about the main symptoms of amebiasis and treatment of the disease at different stages.

Types and symptoms of intestinal amebiasis

Intestinal amoebiasis can be divided into invasive and non-invasive.When a non-invasive form of the disease is actually the person is a carrier of amoebic cysts, but none of the symptoms of amebiasis did not bother.90% of people infected with amebiasis only its asymptomatic carriers.

But asymptomatic disease at any moment can turn into a disorder, which is characterized by all the clinical symptoms of amebiasis, and then we can talk about the presence of trophozoites in the feces and about the changes of the intestinal mucosa.

Invasive amebiasis has several types: it intestinal amebiasis, extra-intestinal and skin.

primary manifestation of intestinal amebiasis is an education in the intestinal mucosa (mostly in the area of ​​the cecum) necrosis, that lead to ulcers.If untreated, the ulcer increases and leads to a deep necrotic processes.The deeper the necrotic zone, the greater the probability of arterial lesions that usually leads to excessive bleeding.

symptoms of intestinal amebiasis:

piercing sharp cramping pain in the left lower abdomen

loose stools (5-8 times a day)

presence of blood in feces

weakness, low performance, apathy

temperature risebody and reduced

blood pressure with no drug treatment of amebiasis affects the internal organs, which are formed as a result of abscesses, leading to an increase in the infected organ (in most cases, such a body is the liver) size.This stage of the disease is known as extra-intestinal amebiasis.

Symptoms of extra-intestinal amebiasis depend on which body struck by the disease:

with liver disease in the patient's changing color, felt pain in the right upper quadrant, in the later stages of the disease, the formation of an abscess, due to which there is jaundice

with the defeat of amebiasisbrain observed intoxication, neurological disorders

in lesions in the lungs of the patient there is chest pain, high temperature, fever, sweating, blood and pus in the sputum

Cutaneous amoebiasis is considered to be a natural consequence of intestinal amebiasis.On human skin of the patient form painful sores, which have an unpleasant odor and are formed around the patient's body.The symptoms of amoebiasis in the form of ulcers occur already in the late stages of the disease.

Diagnosis and treatment of intestinal amebiasis

diagnosis of disease is carried out in the laboratory by studying the faeces.As a result of research can confirm or deny the presence of cysts and trophozoites of amoebae.If there is suspicion of intestinal amebiasis, the patient is sent for further examination, namely rectoscopy or colonoscopy.

In the case of amebiasis infection of internal organs (particularly liver and brain), to identify the number and location of abscesses, as well as for the systematic monitoring of the results of treatment, the patient is sent to CT (computed tomography) or ultrasonography.To identify lung invasion, carried out X-ray examination.

Therapies amebiasis depend on the degree of neglect disease.Asymptomatic carriers of the disease, as well as those in whom the disease is mild, being treated with drugs such as Diyodohin, Yatren, diloxanide furoate and Paromomycin.

At medium and severe forms of intestinal amebiasis, as well as for the treatment of abscesses apply amebotsidy system tissue, that is, drugs that act on tissue forms of the parasite.Among them, the most effective in the treatment of amoebiasis drugs of 5-itroimidazoly active substance which is metronidazole, tinidazole, ornidazole or seknidazol.But based on these active ingredients invented the following medicines:. Trichopolum, flags, Tiniba, Fasizhin, Tiberal etc.

As practice shows, depending on the severity of the disease disappear amoebiasis symptom and full recovery of man seen in the range of four to twelve months after the start of treatment.Amoebiasis, have evolved to the chronic stage, may require a more long-term therapy, up to several years.

Prevention

Amebiasis - a fairly common disease.About 7% of the population are carriers of Entamoeba histolytica, but only a tenth of them sick invasive amebiasis.Mortality from it depends on the level of development of medicine in the country, as well as the timeliness of the start of treatment, and about 5-25% of all infected.Due to poor sanitation, high levels of mortality from intestinal amebiasis is observed in the countries of sub-tropical and tropical climates.

To minimize the chance of infection by intestinal amebiasis, it is necessary to adhere to the following guidelines:

not drink the water from the water mains, reservoirs, and other unknown sources;

not forget the elementary rules of personal hygiene.

At the state level in order to prevent human infection with intestinal amebiasis is appropriate to carry out activities on sanitary improvement of human settlements, to prevent contamination of food and water, to protect bodies of water from faecal contamination.You should also carry out mass surveys asymptomatic carriers of the disease: it will help to identify the progression of the disease at an early stage and early treatment of amoebiasis.

Attention!

This article is available exclusively in the educational purposes and is not research material or professional medical advice.