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Since Korea became a member of OECD DAC member countries in 2010, Korean government has been increasing the size of ODA over time to a significant degree to which it has reached 0.16% of GNI (Gross National Income) and three thousand billion Korean won (Korean currency), which is equivalent to approximately 3 billion US dollars as of 2018. It is expected that this tendency of increase in ODA size also continues to go on worldwide as OECD DAC has highly recommended each DAC member country to increase its ODA size to 0.7 % of GNI, respectively. Against this background, based on the assumption that ODA projects should be effectively formulated, implemented, monitored and evaluated from the beginning to end, this paper attempts to discover the combinations of the configurations associated with the effective management of ODA projects in OECD DAC member countries, with special reference to policy-related variables, and to put forward policy implications for Korea to be able to ameliorate the existing ODA policy governance. The research methodology employed in this analysis is QCA (Qualitative Comparative Analysis). One of the main findings in this analysis is that ODA projects can be effectively implemented in a situation where high level of efficiency in government spending, a high level of transparency in policy-making system, and low-level of public funds diversion are ensured.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze current status of the governmental FMISs used in a few representative OECD countries and to suggest ways to improve Korea's FMIS. Korea's central government is currently using the dBrain system (digital budget and accounting system) as the FMIS. As of 2018, the dBrain system has been in operation for over 10 years since its establishment. Up until now there has been very limited research on the FMISs operated in OECD countries. Previous research just briefly outlined each country's system in a superficial way. Therefore, this study analyzes the current status of the FMISs of Sweden, the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada in many ways. We choose the four countries which are known for being innovative in fiscal reform and FMIS. The study analyzes eight characteristics of the four OECD countries' FMISs: the general characteristics, whether the FMIS is the integrated/discentralized system, the public financial coverage, the operating organization, the system configuration, the strengths, the weaknesses, and the information disclosed by the FMIS. This study can contribute to establish future improvement direction of the Korean dBrain system by the analysis of the OECD country FMISs.

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The energy welfare policy of modern society has the target of solving the social problem of energy poverty, but also has the task of solving various problems such as coping with climate change, energy transition and energy justice. The purpose of this study is to explore the policy direction of Korea 's energy welfare policy via exploratory research in comparison with the case of France. In this study, some policy implications for Korea's energy welfare policy are presented as follows. First, it is necessary to establish a governance system with the Ministry who is responsible for the residential sector. Second, clarifying the definition of energy poverty, which is the target of energy welfare, and to suggest independent criteria for measuring energy poverty. Third, strengthening the legal basis of the energy welfare policies and programs. Fourth, adjustment of the using period of the energy voucher including summer season. Lastly, balancing the proportion of curative instruments in the long-term. In-kind voucher system can improve short-term and temporary poverty, but it cannot eradicate the fundamental energy poverty nor solving climate change problem.

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The goal of this paper is to find out how climate change governance of China, Japan, and Korea transformed between 1997 and 2015. From a comparative perspective, this study examines the role of three key sectors - the government, the private sector, and civil society - and their interactions around the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 and the Paris Agreement in 2015. Climate change governance of China is led by the government with unwavering support from the highest leadership pursuing national rejuvenation based on low-carbon development. The number and diversity of the nongovernmental sectors in China have significantly increased, but they fall short of exerting significant influence on the government. Japan's governance resulted in a proactive 6% reduction target with support from civil society in 1997, but the government has backslid thanks to the economic stagnation and the Fukushima accident since the Kyoto Protocol. Thereafter, policy decisions have been made in favor of the private sector with little input from the NGOs. It is uncertain to assert whether there existed climate change governance in Korea at the time of the Kyoto Protocol. However, the private sector and the civil society had gained more leverage regarding climate change governance in the advent of the Paris Agreement. Despite the differences, the three countries seem to share one in common, that is, the growing influence of the private sector and civil society in climate change governance.

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The aim of this research is to evaluate determinants influencing consumers' use behavior of virtual reality (VR) services and to provide their policy implications focusing on moderating effects of the personal innovativeness. The result of T-test for all variables demonstrates that significant differences between males and females did exist only in personal innovativeness, which means that males were more likely to be personally innovative than females. It also shows that the main predictors of use behavior of virtual reality services are hedonic motivation, personal innovativeness, effort expectancy and performance expectancy. And all of the moderating effects were significant: interactions between effort expectancy and personal innovativeness, between social influence and personal innovativeness, between performance expectancy and personal innovativeness and between hedonic motivation and personal innovativeness, which implies that the higher were the impacts of effort expectancy, social influence, performance expectancy and hedonic motivation on use behavior of the services, the higher was a consumer's personal innovativeness. According to the evaluation, policy implications and marketing strategies for virtual reality services should appeal to consumers by positioning the using experience as an adventure to alleviate their stress and change a negative mood. They also should seek reputation-building and target early adopters.

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This study is to demonstrate convincingly that the theory of punctuated equilibrium has been applied to the policy of Korea, the only divided nation in the world, toward North Korea. A framework was build based on the model of Baumgartner & True, Jones(2006) and the change process in the policy toward North Korea divided into four stages of the policymaking for its structurization was investigated.
The policy of South Korea toward North Korea has maintained the punctuated equilibrium in Lee Myeongbak administration followed by Park Geunhye administration since the sudden break due to Kim Daejung administration's sunshine policy and the visit to North Korea with cattle and the inter-Korean summit on June 15, 2000 have functioned as a positive feedback and an Incident of a tourist at Kumkang Mt. killed by shooting and the birth of Lee Myeongbak administration as a negative feedback.
A regime is found to be a powerful agent forming a policy on North Korea when the policy images identified with 'ethnic homogeneity ','mutual trust' and 'cost-effectiveness' depend on the changed regime. In this way, a government which has strongly monopolized the policies has derived a subsystem politics called the public-private policy council for aid to North Korea only at government level, which has been promoting the policies in an incrementalistic manner amid the swirl of macropolitics. Finally, if the practice of values for the policy on North Korea should be the goal of the policy makers, the theory of the limited rationality in policymaking as the absolute factor determining the satisfaction of the given goal, the external condition of the United States might be applied.

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This study aims to find some implications on the Korean market and egalitarian governance in terms of the institutional contexts. For this purpose, first, this study gives rise to a constructivist typology of institutional dynamics on governance and analyzes on the Korean marketism and egalitarian governance with special reference to the contexts of institutional dynamics. The Korean governance on marketism shows relatively 'large' and 'weak' institutional contexts. This means that it still has been under the path dependency of its developmental state legacy. However market regulations based on fairness and social responsibility have not been effective to the chaebol economy. Egalitarian governance for risk management and welfare needs to be larger and stronger, but shows ideological or political steering problems especially on welfare policy. This study also shows the fact that the Korean chaebols are to be a target to reform in constructing the marketism governance, and, at the same time, they are major policy actors to be mobilized for egalitarian governance.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the causal path between variables that operate in the governance for communication of biotechnology and to derive an effective method of governance. The research method was conducted by the survey of public officials, researchers, and consumer groups, which are major actors of governance. Based on the existing research and theories, 43 metrics were developed and classified into seven variables. The results show that the most effective causal path for domestic biotechnology governance is as follows; usability recognition ⇒ communication process appropriateness ⇒ governance performance, regardless of the type of partnership. However, in Type A (cooperation with consumer groups), the structure of governance and cooperative communication seem to have no casual relationship. In type B (civil servant - researcher cooperation), the casual relationship between the level of participation and governance performance is pointless.

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There is considerable research that shows that men and women in the organization are not promoted to fair promotion because they recognize that the path of promotion and job assignment is different in the organization. However, there is considerable research to analyze the factors affecting unfair promotion not so much. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the differences in the effect of promotion of male and female civil servants. As a result, it was analyzed that the leadership, vertical network, and horizontal network influenced promotion period through positive organizational behavior. In the case of women, leadership and vertical network influenced positively organizational behavior as a parameter appear. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a systematic support for women to create well-connected, horizontal, and communicative networks in addition to social trends that allow them to share their homes and work together. In addition, positive organizational behavior plays an important mediating role in promotion, so it can be said that the institutional device is needed to expand it.

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Saemaul Undong is a Korean-style community development movement that has continued its course with changes in the social and political structure since 1970. Currently, Saemaeul Undong is in use as a rural development program for developing countries to share Korea's experiences in terms of development cooperation. There are many different approaches and perspectives on the international concern and localization of Saemaul Undong, and evaluation of the movement appears in various forms.
In this study, the theories of studies that have critically assessed Saemaul Undong and its implication will be categorized into ideological and political, social and cultural, and economic perspectives. Then, the key words presented in each case will be tested empirically through text analysis. Throughout the process, this study will examine the critical issues raised by the researchers and challenge more rational evaluation through the theoretical development.
Especially, it will clarify the debate and evaluation of farm household debt related to the Saemaul Undong in the 1970s and provide an accurate rationale for the economic performance of the movement. The purpose of this study is to make a meaningful contribution to the establishment of the theoretical system of Saemaul Studies and to improve the utilization of the Saemaul Development by providing meaningful indicators related to the evaluation of the Saemaul Undong to the follower researchers.