Design and Analysis Of IC Engine Piston Using Catia-Ansys Software

Design and Analysis Of IC Engine Piston Using Catia-Ansys Software

Abstract :

This project mainly deals with the design, analysis and manufacture of piston. Piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors and pneumatic cylinders among other similar mechanisms. In an engine, its purpose is to transfer force from expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft via a piston rod and/or connecting rod. Here the piston is designed, analyzed and the manufacturing process has been studied.

Piston temperature has considerable influence on efficiency, emission, performance of the SI engine. Purpose of the investigation is measurement of piston transient temperature at several points on the piston, from cold start to steady condition and comparison with the results of finite element analysis.

In this project the piston is modeled and assembled with the help of CATIA software and the component is meshed and analysis is done in ANSYS software and the thermal and static behavior is studied and the results are tabulated. The various stresses acting on the piston under various loading conditions has been studied.

In the preset thesis work has been taken up on the following aspects to cover the research gaps and to present the results based on the systematic studies :

1) Temperature distribution and heat flow through the piston of an engine.

2) FEA analysis of the piston to measure temperature at the points where it is not possible to find out practically and to observe the heat flow inside the piston.

INTRODUCTION

The modern trend is to develop IC Engine of increased power capacity. One of the design

criteria is the endeavor to reduce the structures weight and thus to reduce fuel consumption. This has been made possible by improved engine design. These improvements include increased use of lightweight materials, such as advanced ultra-high tensile strength steels, aluminum and magnesium alloys, polymers, and carbon-fiber reinforced composite materials. The integration of lighter weight materials is especially important if more complex parts can be manufactured as a single unit. In the next 10–20 years, an additional 20–40% reduction in overall weight, without sacrificing safety, seems to be possible. Cuddy et al (1997) have reported that for every 10% weight reduction of the vehicle, an improvement in fuel consumption of 6–8% is expected. Improved engine design requires optimized engine components. Therefore sophisticated tools are needed to analyze engine components. Engine piston is one of the most analyzed components among all automotive or other

industry field components. The engine can be called the heart of a automobile and the piston may be considered the most important part of an engine.

DESIGN PROCEDURE:

Computer aided design or CAD has very broad meaning and can be defined as the use of computers in creation, modification, analysis and optimization of a design. CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) is referred to computers in engineering analysis like stress/strain, heat transfer, and flow analysis CAD/CAE is said to have more potential to radically increase productivity than any development since electricity. CAD/CAE builds quality form concept

to final product. Instead of bringing in quality control during the final inspection it helps to develop a process in which quality is there through the life cycle of the product. CAD/CAE can eliminate the need for prototypes. But it required prototypes can be used to confirm rather predict performance and other characteristics. CAD/CAE is employed in numerous industries like manufacturing, automotive, aerospace, casting, mold making, plastic

electronics and other general-purpose industries. CAD/CAE systems can be broadly divided into low end, mid end and high-end systems.