"... Abstract Recently, researchers have demonstrated that "loopy belief propagation" -the use of Pearl's polytree algorithm in a Bayesian network with loops -can perform well in the context of error-correcting codes. The most dramatic instance of this is the near Shannon-limit performanc ..."

. Introduction The task of calculating posterior marginals on nodes in an arbitrary Bayesian network is known to be NP hard In this paper we investigate the approximation performance of "loopy belief propagation". This refers to using the well-known Pearl polytree algorithm [12] on a Bayesian network

"... The recent (2010) synthesis of the boronylplatinum halide (R3P)2Pt(BO)Br by Braunschweig and coworkers makes interesting the chemistry of metal carbonyl boronyls isoelectronic with the binary metal carbonyls Mx(CO)y. In this connection, theoretical studies on Fe2(BO)2(CO)8 isoelectronic with the kno ..."

with the known Mn2(CO)10 predict symmetrical unbridged structures consisting of Fe(BO)(CO)4 units linked by an iron–iron single bond of B2.9 A ̊ length. These Fe2(BO)2(CO)8 structures with a staggered arrangement of the BO and CO ligands are similar to the experimental structure of Mn2(CO)10. Three

"... and chemical stability, as well as good insulating properties. compound thin films such as TiO2 and TiN. Generally, high flows of the reactive gases such as oxygen and nitrogen deposition parameters on the structural and optical proper-films on Si(100) and micro cover glass substrates using radio fr ..."

is especially suitable as material for optical coatings and protective layers for very large-scale integrated circuits [1,2]. The bulk material of TiO2 is wellknown to have three main phases, namely, rutile, anatase, and brookite. Rutile is a high temperature-stable phase and has a refractive index of about 2

"... rin A (Fig. 1), active component of Salvia divinorum, is a potent hallucinogen whose use is associated with ‘‘altered consciousness”, and its status in this country and abroad has been under review. most likely reach the levels associated with similar hallucinogenic agents such as 3,4-methylenedioxy ..."

rin A (Fig. 1), active component of Salvia divinorum, is a potent hallucinogen whose use is associated with ‘‘altered consciousness”, and its status in this country and abroad has been under review. most likely reach the levels associated with similar hallucinogenic agents such as 3,4-methylenedioxy methamphetamine (MDMA), phencyclidine (PCP), and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in the next 5–10 years [6,7]. This is evidenced by a sharp increase in its consumption by college students and young adults over the last few years [3,6–10]. Salvia divinorum is typically consumed by smoking a quantity of dried leaves, although buccal absorption by chewing dried leaves or ingesting a tincture is also used. The onset of action is

"... Epimerase deWciency galactosemia is an autosomal recessive condition resulting from the impairment of UDP-galactose 4-epi-merase (hGALE). Although a small number of clinically severe patients have been reported who exhibit “generalized ” GALE deW-ciency, the vast majority exhibit an apparently benig ..."

Epimerase deWciency galactosemia is an autosomal recessive condition resulting from the impairment of UDP-galactose 4-epi-merase (hGALE). Although a small number of clinically severe patients have been reported who exhibit “generalized ” GALE deW-ciency, the vast majority exhibit an apparently benign “peripheral ” form of the disorder in which enzyme impairment is restricted to the circulating red and white blood cells. Previously, preliminary data were reported suggesting that GALE deWciency is 10-fold more common among African-Americans than among non-African-Americans, and that two missense mutations, K257R and G319E, are found in at least some of these patients. We report here functional studies of these alleles involving expression of the substituted human enzymes in a null-background strain of yeast. Although under normal assay conditions both substituted proteins demon-strate enzyme activities indistinguishable from the wild-type, one (G319E) demonstrates mild impairment under conditions of sub-strate limitation. No impairments are evident under conditions of cofactor (NAD) limitation. These results are consistent with the apparently benign status of peripheral epimerase deWciency galactosemia, but leave open the question of why patients with these sub-stitutions demonstrate GALE deWciency in their red blood cells. While the possibility remains that K257R and G319E may cause tis-sue-speciWc impairments not recapitulated in vitro or in yeast, an equally if not more plausible explanation suggested by interspecies sequence alignments is that both substitutions may be polymorphisms that exist in linkage disequilibrium with other, as yet unidenti-Wed causal mutations.