Aircraft shall be operated in accordance with the applicable requirements and standards like those in, e.g., the Annexes to the ICAO convention. The first of these Annexes, ‘Personnel Licensing’ addresses inter alia the licensing of pilots on basis of knowledge, experience, and skills, in which:

- Knowledge is tested by theoretical exams,- Experience is obtained by actual flying, and- Skills are verified by an examiner during a skill test (or ‘proficiency check’) and recorded on a checklist, known as ‘proficiency check / skill test form’.

Unmanned aircraft1 are not different from their manned counterparts, whilst operating