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Unconscious personality component that is driven by a pleasure principle. (Selfish)

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Define ego

Conscious personality component that operates by a reality principle. It tries to compromise.

Define superego

Personality component that acts as a ?watchdog?- suppressing drives as hard as the id pushes them.

Define Ego Defense Mechanisms

Your psyche is in constant conflict, never fully at peace. The go mustreduce anxiety using various defense mechanisms (unconsciously). However, differentpersonalities rely on different defense mechanisms.

Developed a theory, focusing on social needs, not sexual urges. People

strive for power, money, admiration, etc.

Carl Jung:

Developed a "wacky? theory. We strive to achieve spiritual enlightenment.

Share a collective unconscious.

Karen Horney:

Created a feminist theory to Freud?s "penis envy.?

Carl Rogers:

Created Humanistic Psychology; proposed that people are basically good.

Abraham Maslow:

Took Carl Rogers idea but claimed that strive to become self

actualized. (this is not well defined)

Define Cognitive-Behavioral Approach:.

Personality is shaped by learning NOT hidden conflicts

What are the three main assumptions of the "Trait Based Approach"?

1) Basic personality traits are relatively stable and predictable over time.2) Basic personality traits are relatively stable across the situation.3) People have various traits to different degrees. This creates endless variety.

-Not so standardized-People try to interpret ambiguous images. This provides clues about theperson.-The Rorschach ink blot test-The Thematic Appreciation Test (TAT) is similar to Rorschach but withpictures and you need to make up a story about the images.-Less rigid than standardized tests but the answers people give are superhard to interpret!

Define Attitudes:

We have countless attitudes and ideas about people, places, and products. Most of thetime, people are not fully honest or aware of our attitudes.

Define Cognitive Dissonance

-Sometimes, people behave inconsistently with their sttitudes.-Theory, developed byFestinger.o Def: A feeling of anxiety that comes over you when behaviors and attitudesconflict. CD atypically arises when you freely allow.

What are two types of conformity?

1. Public Conformity: may give a socially desirable answer2. Private Acceptance: you may actually be convince by the group.

What are reasons for conforming?

-Ambiguity: If uncertain you are more likely to conform-Unanimity of majority: if everyone else agrees, you are more likely to conform.-Size of majority: the larger the group, you are more likely.-Gender: had NO difference.

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