Abstract

The present invention provides a cooling/heating device which comprises: an outdoor heat exchanger 6 connected with refrigerant outlet-side piping 9 of a radiator 3 through an expansion valve EV1 at one end, and also connected with suction-side piping 14 and discharge-side piping 7 of a compressor 2 at the other end to exchange heat with the outside air, an outdoor heat exchanger 6 exchanging heat with the outside air; switch valves SV1-SV5 for controlling the flow of refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the radiator or the outdoor heat exchanger, and the supply of refrigerant from the outdoor heat exchanger to the compressor or from an evaporator to the compressor; and a control device controlling the compressor, the expansion valve and the switch valves on the basis of a cooling operation signal according to the cooling load of a cooled object, and on a heating operation signal according to the heating load of a heated object. thereby, reducing energy consumption by performing a proper operation according to the fluctuation of cooling load and heating load.

Description

Cooling/heating apparatus

Technical field

The present invention relates to heat absorption, the cooling object is cooled off by the cold-producing medium in the evaporimeter of steam compression type refrigeration circulation, by the heat radiation of the cold-producing medium in the radiator, the cooling/heating apparatus that heating target is heated.

Background technology

Generally, as air-cooling system or refrigeration etc.,, extensively utilize the refrigerating plant that has used the steam compression type refrigeration circulation as the method that the cooling object is cooled off.In this refrigerating plant, by the evaporation of the cold-producing medium in the evaporimeter, the cooling object to be cooled off, the heat that will produce because of the condensation of refrigerant in the condenser is discharged in the atmosphere etc.

Have again,,, also utilize the heat pump assembly that has used the steam compression type refrigeration circulation as the method that heating target is heated as heater unit or supply hot water etc.In this heat pump assembly, by the thermolysis during the refrigerant loses heat condensation in the condenser, heating target is heated, by the evaporation of the cold-producing medium in the evaporimeter, absorb heat from thermals source such as atmosphere.

In above-mentioned refrigerating plant, cooling off when running, will be in condenser refrigerant loses heat, condensation and the heat that produces is discharged into the atmosphere, therefore not only can not realize effective utilization of energy, but also have the problem that causes environment temperature to rise.

On the other hand, in above-mentioned heat pump assembly, the heat-absorbing action that produces owing to the cold-producing medium evaporation in evaporimeter in the heat pump running a bit is not used effectively, only from the Atmospheric Absorption heat.

Therefore, developed a kind of cooling/heating apparatus,, realized energy-conservation (for example with reference to patent documentation 1 or patent documentation 2) even it also can effectively utilize the on high-tension side heat radiation of kind of refrigeration cycle when the cooling running.Like this, constitute utilize kind of refrigeration cycle can cool off simultaneously with the heating cooling/heating apparatus in, because the evaporation by the cold-producing medium in the evaporimeter of kind of refrigeration cycle can be cooled off the cooling object, and the heat radiation by the cold-producing medium in the radiator can be heated heating target, so can effectively utilize the heat that was not utilized the kind of refrigeration cycle high temperature side of discharging into the atmosphere, producing in the cooling procedure, can expect to cut down the consumption of energy in the past.

[patent documentation 1] spy opens the 2004-309093 communique

[patent documentation 2] spy opens the 2004-340470 communique

Yet, the consumption that can cut down energy as mentioned above be cool off at the same time and situation about heating under, and the cooling running (only utilizing the running of cooling) of the heat radiation of following the outdoor air heat exchanger or follow air heat exchanger add heat run (only utilizing the running of heating) time the not talkative energy that effectively utilized.

Particularly, desired cooling load and heating load may not be in balances aspect the thermal cycle, the sequential that load separately produces also may not be simultaneously, even therefore in constituting the cooling/heating apparatus that can cool off simultaneously and heat, cool off with the frequency of heating time running also lowlyer, therefore effectively operate at and to be actually difficulty.

Summary of the invention

The invention that the present invention carries out in order to address the above problem just, its purpose are to provide a kind of preferred running by carrying out coordinating with the change of cooling load and heating load, thereby can cut down the cooling/heating apparatus of the consumption of energy.

Cooling/heating apparatus of the present invention, it possesses and connects compressor successively, radiator, throttle mechanism and evaporimeter and constitute the steam compression type refrigeration circulation of refrigerant loop, can utilize the thermolysis of the cold-producing medium in the radiator that heating target is heated, and can utilize the heat-absorbing action of the cold-producing medium in the evaporimeter that the cooling object is cooled off, it is characterized in that, this cooling/heating apparatus comprises: secondary unit, the one end is connected with the refrigerant outlet side pipe road of radiator via throttle mechanism, and the other end is connected in the suction side pipeline and the ejection side pipe road of compressor, carries out heat exchange with heating target and cooling object thermal source in addition; The stream switching mechanism, its control from the cold-producing medium of compressor ejection flow to radiator or flow to secondary unit and be from secondary unit to compressor the supply system cryogen or from evaporimeter to compressor the supply system cryogen; And controlling organization, it is according to cooling CRANK PULSES and with the heating load of the heating target corresponding heating CRANK PULSES corresponding with the cooling load of cooling object, control compressor, each throttle mechanism and stream switching mechanism.

The cooling/heating apparatus of the invention of technical scheme 2 is characterized in that, also comprises in foregoing invention: the heated side pump machanism, and it carries out heat exchange and makes this heated side heat transfer medium circulation in order to make radiator and the heated side heat transfer medium that constitutes heating target; The heated side flow control device, it regulates the flow of heated side heat transfer medium; The heated side temperature testing organization, its detection and radiator carry out the temperature of the heated side heat transfer medium after the heat exchange; With the heated side connectivity port, it is used to connect the circulating path of heated side heat transfer medium.

The cooling/heating apparatus of the invention of technical scheme 3 is characterized in that, also comprises in above-mentioned each invention: the cold side pump machanism, and it carries out heat exchange and makes this cold side heat transfer medium circulation in order to make evaporimeter and the cold side heat transfer medium that constitutes the cooling object; Cold side Flow-rate adjustment structure, it regulates the flow of cold side heat transfer medium; The cold side temperature testing organization, its detection and evaporimeter carry out the temperature of the cold side heat transfer medium after the heat exchange; With the cold side connectivity port, it is used to connect the circulating path of cold side heat transfer medium.

The cooling/heating apparatus of the invention of technical scheme 4 is characterized in that, in above-mentioned each invention, the cooling CRANK PULSES is a signal of representing any state in state, coolable state that the cooling object in the evaporimeter need cool off and the state that can not cool off.

The cooling/heating apparatus of the invention of technical scheme 5 is characterized in that, in above-mentioned each invention the heating CRANK PULSES be the heating target of expression in the radiator need heated state, heatable state and can not heated state in the signal of any state.

(invention effect)

According to the present invention, because can be by the heat-absorbing action of the cold-producing medium in the evaporimeter of steam compression type refrigeration circulation, the cooling object is cooled off, and thermolysis by the cold-producing medium in the radiator, heating target is heated, be not utilized the kind of refrigeration cycle high temperature side heat of discharging into the atmosphere, producing in the cooling procedure so can effectively utilize in the past, can cut down the consumption of energy.

Particularly, by utilizing the stream switching mechanism to switch the flow direction of cold-producing medium, thereby can realize only cooling off the cooling running of the cooling of object, only carry out all runnings that the cooling that adds heat run and cool off object simultaneously and the cooling heating of the heating of heating target of the heating of heating target are turned round simultaneously, therefore the balance change of cooling load or heating load can be extensively tackled, the cooling of object and the heating of heating target can be cooled off reliably.

And then, according to the present invention, if control compressor or each throttle mechanism, stream switching mechanism according to the cooling CRANK PULSES corresponding and with the corresponding heating CRANK PULSES of heating load with cooling load, so that preferentially cooling off heating turns round simultaneously, then can shorten the time of running of only cooling off or the running of only heating, make from the refrigerant flow direction radiator of compressor ejection, the cold-producing medium of flash-pot sucks compressor in the future, increase and cool off the time that heating is turned round simultaneously, energy can be effectively utilized, the efficient of cooling/heating apparatus can be improved.

Also have, according to the present invention, owing to can easily connect various cooling load equipment, heating load equipment, thus superior aspect energy saving, be moved further or that engineering is set is easy, superior aspect versatility.Particularly, owing to do not need to be connected, the place is set so can also under the state of the cold-producing medium of having enclosed appropriate amount in advance, move into the refrigerant tubing of cooling load equipment and/or heating load equipment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the refrigerant loop figure of the cooling/heating apparatus of the expression embodiment of the invention 1.

Fig. 2 is the control flow chart of operation mode of judging the cooling/heating apparatus of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the figure of judgement action of operation mode of the cooling/heating apparatus of presentation graphs 1.

Fig. 4 is the figure according to the state of the transfer valve of operation mode classification of the cooling/heating apparatus of presentation graphs 1.

Fig. 5 is the summary formation picture of device of the cooling/heating apparatus of the expression embodiment of the invention 2.

Fig. 6 is the circuit structure figure of the cooling/heating apparatus of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the circuit structure figure of the cooling/heating apparatus of the embodiment of the invention 3.

Fig. 8 is the circuit structure figure of the cooling/heating apparatus of the embodiment of the invention 4.

Below, be described in detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[embodiment 1]

Fig. 1 is the refrigerant loop of the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of the embodiment of the invention 1.The cooling/heating apparatus 1 of embodiment comprises vapor-compression refrigerant cycle, the radiator 3 that this kind of refrigeration cycle heats heating target by compressor 2, by the thermolysis of cold-producing medium, with the evaporimeter 4 that the cooling object cooled off based on the heat-absorbing action of the evaporation of cold-producing medium, as the formation refrigerant loops such as outdoor heat converter 6 of the secondary unit of heat radiation that is used to carry out the heat exchange of cold-producing medium and extraneous gas (thermal source beyond heating target and the cooling object) and carry out cold-producing medium or heat absorption.

At this moment, the ejection side pipe road 7 of compressor 2 is via transfer valve SV1, be connected to the refrigerant inlet side pipe road 8 of radiator 3, and establish transfer valve SV5 in the refrigerant outlet side pipe road of radiator 39 intermediaries, this refrigerant outlet side pipe road 9 is connected with expansion valve EV1 as throttle mechanism.And, the refrigerant inlet side pipe road 11 of evaporimeter 4 is connected with the outlet of this expansion valve EV1, the refrigerant outlet side pipe road 12 of evaporimeter 4 is connected with transfer valve SV2, and then connect the to be situated between suction side pipeline 14 of the compressor 2 of having established accumulator (accumulator) 13 of the outlet side of this transfer valve SV2, constituted refrigerant loop.

Above-mentioned outdoor heat converter 6 is for example so-called tube-and-fin formula heat exchangers, is made of copper pipe and the promotion heat-transfer fins of being located at this copper pipe, with the inside of the above-mentioned copper pipe stream as cold-producing medium.Have again, also be provided be used for with the above-mentioned copper pipe of flowing through in the cold-producing medium air (extraneous gas) that carries out heat exchange lead to the fan 16 and fan motor 17 of outdoor heat converter 6.

At this, the form of outdoor heat converter 6 is not limited thereto, and for example also can adopt aluminum extruded porous flat tube, will be arranged on the stream (so-called micro channel heat exchanger) of the hole of above-mentioned flat tube as cold-producing medium.

The refrigerant tubing 18 of these outdoor heat converter 6 one ends is via expansion valve EV2, be connected with the refrigerant outlet side pipe road 9 of radiator 3, refrigerant tubing 19 branches of outdoor heat converter 6 other ends, one side's lateral 19A is connected with the ejection side pipe road 7 of compressor 2 via transfer valve SV3, and the opposing party's lateral 19B is connected with the suction side pipeline 14 of compressor 2 via transfer valve SV4.

The ejection temperature sensor T1 (ejection temperature testing organization) of the temperature of the cold-producing medium that detection is compressed and is ejected in compressor 2 is installed in the ejection side pipe road 7 of compressor 2.Have again, the evaporating temperature sensor T2 (evaporating temperature testing agency) of the evaporating temperature that detects cold-producing medium is installed in the refrigerant inlet side pipe road 11 of evaporimeter 4 (the perhaps refrigerant tubing in the evaporimeter 4), the inlet temperature sensor T3 (inlet temperature testing agency) of the temperature that detects the cold-producing medium that is inhaled into compressor 2 is installed in the suction side pipeline 14 of accumulator 13 entrance sides, and then temperature sensor T4 (temperature testing organization) is installed in the refrigerant tubing 18 between outdoor heat converter 6 and the expansion valve EV2.

Have again, the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of embodiment comprises control device (not shown at this), it is according to the heating CRANK PULSES of the state of the heating load of the cooling CRANK PULSES of the state of the cooling load of expression cooling object and expression heating target, and the switching of the cold-producing medium circulation in the control refrigerant loop or the running of compressor 2 begin and stop.The cooling CRANK PULSES is any signal in following three kinds of signals: expression need be cooled off " needing cooling " signal of state of the cooling of object; Though expression does not need the cooling object to be cooled off, even cool off " can cool off " signal of yet passable state at once; Expression can not be cooled off " can not cool off " signal of state of the cooling of object.Also have, the heating CRANK PULSES is any signal in following three kinds of signals: expression need be carried out " needing heating " signal of the heated state of heating target; Though expression does not need heating target to be heated, even heat " can heat " signal of yet passable state at once; Expression can not be carried out " can not heat " signal of the heated state of heating target.

Above-mentioned cooling CRANK PULSES and above-mentioned heating CRANK PULSES can be based on temperature detection values of load equipment (cooling load equipment and heating load equipment) etc., judge and determine by the control device of cooling/heating apparatus 1, also can take to obtain the mode of these signals from the control device of cooling load equipment or heating load equipment.

Then, according to Fig. 2～Fig. 4, the action of the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of embodiment is described.At first, detect the cooling CRANK PULSES (Fig. 2, S01) of the state of expression cooling load.As mentioned above, the cooling CRANK PULSES is represented the arbitrary state in " needing cooling ", " can cool off " or " can not cool off " three kinds of states.

So-called " needing cooling " expression for example needs the state that cools off at once under the temperature of the cooling object situation higher than set point of temperature that should cold insulation." can not cool off " expression for example cool off the temperature of object very low, when having reached the chilling temperature as target, perhaps freezing or quality deterioration and the state that can not cool off this again for fear of the cooling object.In existing refrigerating plant, in order to cool off in the temperature range that object maintains regulation, carried out the on of refrigeration machine, and above-mentioned signal " needs to cool off " connection signal that is equivalent to existing refrigeration machine, " can not cool off " is equivalent to cut-off signal.

" can cool off " though expression need not to cool off the cooling of object, even cool off the state that also is fine at once.For example in the temperature of cooling object than definite regulation lower limit temperature height for the purpose of keeping quality etc., the situation lower etc. than higher limit.Have, as other example, be made of under the situation of cooling load accumulation of heat key element such as ice accumulation of heat etc., amount of stored heat does not reduce to the degree that need at once cool off, and does not reach the state etc. of the upper limit of regenerative capacity yet.

Then, detect the heating CRANK PULSES (Fig. 2, S02) of the state of expression heating load.As mentioned above, the heating CRANK PULSES is represented the arbitrary state in " needing heating ", " can heat " or " can not heat " three kinds of states.

So-called " needing heating " expression for example possesses in the hot water supply system of storing hot-water cylinder as heating load equipment, stores the hot water amount and reduces, and might cause that situation that hot water interrupts etc. down, need carry out heated state at once." can not heat " expression for example storing that the hot water amount surpasses according to the capacity of storing hot-water cylinder definite maximum store the hot water amount or the needs hot water amount's that sets according to hot water use amount etc. situation etc. under, need not to carry out again heated state.In existing heat pump for supply hot water apparatus, on the basis of the behaviour in service of having considered hot water or time period, the off-premises station that possesses kind of refrigeration cycle is sent the on/off signal of off-premises station running.Above-mentioned heating CRANK PULSES " needs to heat " connection signal that is equivalent to existing heat pump for supply hot water machine, and " can not heat " is equivalent to cut-off signal.

" can heat " expression and need not to carry out the heating of heating target, even but heat the state that also is fine at once.For example because the hot water amount does not reduce to the degree that causes that hot water interrupts, thus need not to supply with immediately hot water, but owing to storing the state that is full of hot water in the hot-water cylinder, so be fine even heat also.

Then, step S03 as shown in Figure 2～S06 is described, according to cooling CRANK PULSES and heating CRANK PULSES, determines the operation mode of cooling/heating apparatus.Fig. 3 represents the figure that the operation mode of step S03 shown in Figure 2～S06 is judged with sheet form.Only in one of them of cooling CRANK PULSES or heating CRANK PULSES for carrying out the running of cooling/heating apparatus 1 under the situation of " needs ", do not turn round in other cases.Cooling running (running of only cooling off) only for " needs " and heating CRANK PULSES be at the cooling CRANK PULSES " can not " situation under carry out.Add heat run (running of only heating) only the cooling CRANK PULSES for " can not " and the heating CRANK PULSES for carrying out under the situation of " needs ".Cooling heating operate at cooling CRANK PULSES or heating CRANK PULSES simultaneously one of them for " needs " and another be not " can not " carry out under the situation of (" needs " or " can ").

At this, in the cooling/heating apparatus that cools off at the same time and heat, as existing cooling device or heat pump assembly etc. with separately on/off signal of the cold side corresponding and heated side with separately load condition (be equivalent among the embodiment " needs " signal with " can not " signal) serve as the basic operation mode of determining device, carry out the startup of the switching in loop and compressor and stop, may not necessarily realizing high efficiency running.

Promptly, the cooling heating running simultaneously that can effectively utilize energy is only carried out during all for connection signal in cold side and heated side, a side is that connection signal, the opposing party are under the situation of cut-off signal, even supposition the opposing party's load condition is to cool off or heat also passable state, can not cools off heating and turn round simultaneously.List concrete example, at the heated side load equipment is to possess the supply hot water facility of storing hot-water cylinder, under the situation that the cooling load side need be cooled off, can not append hot water even for example be full of hot water in the storage hot-water cylinder, as long as not sending the connection signal that requires heating from the heated side load equipment just not heats, have only the running of cooling, the on high-tension side heat radiation of the refrigerant loop in the cooling running is not used effectively, and discharges to extraneous gas from outdoor heat converter.

On the other hand, in the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of present embodiment, when the either party in cooling CRANK PULSES or heating CRANK PULSES is " needs ", even supposing that the opposing party is not under the situation of " needs ", as long as for " can " turn round simultaneously with regard to preferentially cooling off heating.Thus, can cut down energy consumption.Particularly, in cooling or heating load equipment, possess under the situation of formation of accumulation of heat key element and can expect significant effect.

Then, if determine operation mode according to cooling CRANK PULSES and heating CRANK PULSES, then carry out the running of the kind of refrigeration cycle of cooling/heating apparatus 1 according to this operation mode by above-mentioned steps.The open and-shut mode of each transfer valve under each operation mode as shown in Figure 4.

If begin to cool down running, then cold-producing medium is compressed by compressor 2, becomes HTHP and is ejected into ejection side pipe road 7.Then, cold-producing medium arrives outdoor heat converter 6, becomes low temperature to air (extraneous gas) release heat.In addition, as cold-producing medium, enclosed carbon dioxide in the refrigerant loop, externally under the situation that gas temperature is high, the refrigerant pressure in the outdoor heat converter 6 reaches more than the critical pressure.Therefore, can not cause the condensation of cold-producing medium under this situation in the outdoor heat converter 6, to outlet, the temperature of cold-producing medium is along with the heat radiation to extraneous gas reduces together from the inlet of outdoor heat converter 6.On the other hand, externally under the situation that gas temperature is low, also the high side pressure of refrigerant loop is below the critical pressure sometimes, the condensation in outdoor heat converter 6 of cold-producing medium this moment.

And the cold-producing medium that leaves the cryogenic high pressure of outdoor heat converter 6 is inflated valve EV2 or expansion valve EV1 throttling, becomes low pressure after the expansion, arrives evaporimeter 4.The state of cold-producing medium herein is that liquid refrigerant mixes the two-phase admixture that exists with vapor refrigerant.In evaporimeter 4, become vapor refrigerant after the liquid phase refrigerant evaporation.By following, the cooling object is cooled off in the heat-absorbing action of the evaporation of this cold-producing medium.The cooling object is for example considered to cool off or food and beverage, the air when carrying out air conditioning of cold insulation or utilized water, salt solution (brine) and ice etc. in the system of hot transmission or accumulation of heat.

Then, cold-producing medium is sucked compressor 2 from evaporimeter 4 once more through suction side pipeline 14.By the effect of above continuous kind of refrigeration cycle, the cooling object is cooled.

In the cooling running, the aperture of control expansion valve EV1 or expansion valve EV2, so that by the detected suction refrigerant temperature of inlet temperature sensor T3 and poor by the evaporating temperature of the detected cold-producing medium of evaporating temperature sensor T2 on the refrigerant tubing of refrigerant inlet side pipe road 11 that is installed in evaporimeter 4 or evaporimeter 4 that are installed on the suction side pipeline 14 that is positioned at accumulator 13 entrance sides, the promptly so-called degree of superheat is the value of regulation.Specifically be, under the situation of the degree of superheat, increase the aperture of expansion valve, under the situation of the degree of superheat, reduce the aperture of expansion valve on the contrary less than setting greater than setting.Thus, can suitably regulate the refrigerant amount of evaporimeter 4 inside, the result can improve the heat transfer property in the evaporimeter 4, can carry out high efficiency cooling running.

If begin to add heat run, then cold-producing medium is compressed by compressor 2 and becomes HTHP, is directed onto ejection side pipe road 7.Add in the heat run at this, because heating target need be heated to high temperature, so the cold-producing medium under common this state is overcritical.Then, cold-producing medium arrives radiator 3, and to the heating target release heat, self becomes low temperature cold-producing medium at this.Usually the state of cold-producing medium herein is the above liquid phase of critical pressure.Thermolysis with the cold-producing medium in this radiator 3 is heated heating target.Heating target is for example for supplying with water or room air in the heating installation or the hot heat transfer medium that transmits usefulness etc. in the hot water load equipment.

In addition, as cold-producing medium, enclosed carbon dioxide in the refrigerant loop, the refrigerant pressure in the radiator 3 mostly is more than the critical pressure.Therefore, can not cause the condensation of cold-producing medium in radiator 3, to outlet, the temperature of cold-producing medium is along with the heat radiation to heating target reduces together from the inlet of radiator 3.On the other hand, in radiator 3, the temperature of heating target from the inlet of the stream of heating target to outlet, along with the heat absorption from cold-producing medium is risen together.Thus, relative by the cold-producing medium that constitutes in the radiator 3 with the flow direction of heating target, thus compare with the HFC series coolant that on the temperature certain basis, carries out the condensation heat radiation, high efficiency heat exchange can be carried out, and the heating of high temperature can be carried out.

And the cold-producing medium that leaves the cryogenic high pressure of radiator 3 is inflated valve EV2 throttling, becomes low pressure after the expansion, arrives outdoor heat converter 6.The state of cold-producing medium herein is that liquid refrigerant mixes the two-phase admixture that exists with vapor refrigerant.In outdoor heat converter 6, liquid phase refrigerant evaporation and become vapor refrigerant.By the evaporation of this cold-producing medium, cold-producing medium absorbs heat from extraneous gas.

Then, cold-producing medium is sucked compressor 2 from outdoor heat converter 6 once more through suction side pipeline 14.By the effect of above continuous kind of refrigeration cycle, heating target is heated.

Add in the heat run, the aperture of control device variable expansion valve EV2 is so that be setting by the temperature of the detected ejection cold-producing medium of ejection temperature sensor T1 in the ejection side pipe road 7 that is installed in compressor 2.Specifically be, when being higher than setting, increase the aperture of expansion valve EV2, when being lower than setting, reduce the aperture of expansion valve EV2 on the contrary by the detected refrigerant temperature of ejection temperature sensor T1 by the detected refrigerant temperature of ejection temperature sensor T1.Thus, can carry out the high efficiency running under the optimum condition in the heat run of adding that is heated to be purpose with heating target.

If begin this cooling heating running simultaneously, then cold-producing medium is compressed by compressor 2, becomes HTHP, is ejected into ejection side pipe road 7.In cooling heating running simultaneously, owing to heating target need be heated to high temperature, the cold-producing medium under common this state is overcritical.Then, cold-producing medium arrives radiator 3, becomes low temperature at this to the heating target release heat.Usually the state of cold-producing medium herein is the above liquid phase of critical pressure.Thermolysis with the cold-producing medium in this radiator 3 is heated heating target.Heating target for example is to supply with water or the indoor control in the heating installation in the hot water load equipment or be used for the hot heat transfer medium that transmits etc.

In addition, as cold-producing medium, enclosed carbon dioxide in refrigerant loop, the refrigerant pressure in the radiator 3 mostly is more than the critical pressure.Therefore, can not cause the condensation of cold-producing medium in radiator 3, to outlet, the temperature of cold-producing medium is along with to the heat radiation of heating target and reduce from the inlet of radiator 3.On the other hand, in radiator 3, the temperature of heating target from the inlet of the stream of heating target to outlet, along with the heat absorption from cold-producing medium is risen together.Thus, with above-mentioned same, relative by constituting the cold-producing medium that makes in the radiator 3 with the flow direction of heating target, thus compare with the HFC series coolant that under the prerequisite of temperature constant, carries out the condensation heat radiation, high efficiency heat exchange can be carried out, and the heating of high temperature can be carried out.

And the cold-producing medium that leaves the cryogenic high pressure of radiator 3 is inflated valve EV1 throttling, becomes low pressure after the expansion, arrives evaporimeter 4.The state of cold-producing medium herein is that liquid refrigerant mixes the two-phase admixture that exists with vapor refrigerant.In evaporimeter 4, liquid phase refrigerant evaporation and become vapor refrigerant.By the heat-absorbing action of the evaporation of following this cold-producing medium, the cooling object is cooled.The cooling object is for example considered to cool off or food and beverage, the air when carrying out air conditioning of cold insulation or utilized water, salt solution and ice etc. in the system of transmission of M heat or accumulation of heat.

Then, cold-producing medium is inhaled into compressor 2 from evaporimeter 4 once more through suction side pipeline 14.By the effect of above continuous kind of refrigeration cycle, heating target is heated when the cooling object is cooled.

In this cooling heating running simultaneously, the aperture of variable expansion valve EV1 is so that be setting by the temperature of the detected ejection cold-producing medium of ejection temperature sensor T1 in the ejection side pipe road 7 that is installed in compressor 2.Specifically be, when being higher than setting, increase the aperture of expansion valve EV1, when being lower than setting, reduce the aperture of expansion valve EV1 on the contrary by the detected refrigerant temperature of ejection temperature sensor T1 by the detected refrigerant temperature of ejection temperature sensor T1.Thus, can need high efficiency running under the optimum condition in the cooling heating running simultaneously of heating of heating target.

In each operation mode of above explanation, the rotating speed of the compressor 2 in the running can be certain, but also can wait regulating frequency by inverter according to cooling load, heating load or extraneous gas condition.Have again, in an embodiment, to cool off CRANK PULSES and be divided into three kinds, promptly " need cooling ", " can cool off " reach " can not cool off ", and will heat CRANK PULSES and also be divided into three kinds, promptly " need heating ", " can heat " reach " can not heat ", but are not limited thereto, also can be only one of them of cooling CRANK PULSES or heating CRANK PULSES be divided into three kinds, another is divided into two kinds (existing on/off signals).At this moment, about being divided into two kinds CRANK PULSES, connection signal is equivalent to " needs " signal, cut-off signal be equivalent to " can not " signal, in Fig. 3, ignore " can " signal one hurdle, determine operation mode.

As mentioned above, in this embodiment, can be by the heat-absorbing action of following the cold-producing medium evaporation in the evaporimeter 4 of refrigerant loop, the cooling object is cooled off, while is by the thermolysis of the cold-producing medium in the radiator 3, therefore heating target is heated, can effectively utilize the heat that in the past is not utilized the kind of refrigeration cycle high temperature side of discharging into the atmosphere, producing in the cooling procedure, can cut down the consumption of energy.

And then, by switching refrigerant loop by each transfer valve, thereby can carry out: the cooling that adds heat run or cool off object simultaneously of only cool off the cooling running of the cooling of object, only carrying out the heating of heating target is turned round simultaneously with the cooling heating of the heating of heating target, therefore can extensively tackle the variation of cooling load or heating load, can cool off reliably and heat.

Also have, the control device of the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of present embodiment is according to cooling CRANK PULSES corresponding with cooling load and the heating CRANK PULSES corresponding with heating load, determine best operation mode, so that preferentially cooling off heating turns round simultaneously, therefore can improve efficiency of power dissipation, realize effective utilization of energy.

[embodiment 2]

Then, utilize Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 that the embodiment 2 of cooling/heating apparatus 1 of the present invention is described.This embodiment illustrates the example that the unit in the cooling/heating apparatus 1 constitutes.The cooling/heating apparatus 1 of this embodiment is all common with the foregoing description 1 aspect a lot, so for identical with the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of embodiment 1 or play the formation detailed of same effect or effect.

The device that Fig. 5 illustrates the summary of this embodiment constitutes.The cooling/heating apparatus 1 of this embodiment is provided with the refrigerating circuit (wherein removing evaporimeter 4) and the control device C1 of vapor-compression refrigerant cycle on a stand, constitute cooling heating unit 24, and this refrigerating circuit is cooled off and heated; Control device C1 is according to from the cooling CRANK PULSES of cooling load equipment 22 and from the heating CRANK PULSES of heating load equipment 23, the running of control cooling/heating apparatus 1.

The loop diagram of the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of embodiment shown in Fig. 62.The cooling/heating apparatus 1 of this embodiment constitutes a cooling that is arranged on the stand and adds unit 24, comprising: compressor 2; Expansion valve EV1 and expansion valve EV2 as throttle mechanism; The heated side heat exchanger 26 that between this heated side heat transfer medium of the circulating path 29 that cold-producing medium and heated side heat transfer medium (being water among the embodiment) are flowed through, carries out heat exchange; At cold-producing medium and the outdoor heat converter 6 that carries out heat exchange between as the extraneous gas of thermal source; Be arranged in the circulating path 29, to heated side heat exchanger 26 carry the heated side heat transfer mediums, as the circulating pump 27 of heated side pump machanism; Regulate heated side heat transfer medium flow, as the flow control valve 28 of heated side flow control device; Detect the heated side temperature sensor T5 (heated side temperature testing organization) that has carried out the temperature of the heated side heat transfer medium after the heat exchange in the heated side heat exchanger 26 with cold-producing medium; According to the cooling CRANK PULSES corresponding and the heating CRANK PULSES corresponding with heating load with cooling load, comprise compressor 2 cooling/heating apparatus 1 running and stop and based on the control device C1 of the switching controls of the refrigerant circulation loop of transfer valve.

Heated side heat exchanger 26 is equivalent to the radiator 3 among the embodiment 1, and the stream 26A of cold-producing medium and the stream 26B of heated side heat transfer medium engage with heat-shift and the relative mode of flow direction.For example, be the double-tube heat exchanger of convection type or the heat exchanger of copper pipe engagement type etc.

In cooling heating unit 24, be provided with heated side pipeline connection port 31,31 (heated side connectivity port) at the two ends of circulating path 29, this heated side pipeline connection port 31,31 connects: supply with the heated side pipeline 32 (circulating path of heated side heat transfer medium) that the heated side heat transfer medium is used from heating load equipment 23; Be used for to be transported to the heated side pipeline 33 (circulating path of heated side heat transfer medium) of heating load equipment 23 by the heat transfer medium after cooling/heating apparatus 1 heating.In this embodiment, as heating load equipment 23, be connected with the supply hot water facility that possesses storage hot-water cylinder 34.Therefore, above-mentioned heated side heat transfer medium is a water.

Have, heating load equipment 23 comprises heated side control device C2 (heated side signal output mechanism) again, and it detects the state of heating load, and the heating CRANK PULSES of the arbitrary state in " needing heating ", " can heat " or " can not heat " is represented in output.Be provided with heating CRANK PULSES splicing ear 36 in the cooling heating unit 24, be connected with heating CRANK PULSES wiring 37 on this terminal 36 from heating load equipment 23.

And then, be provided with refrigerant tubing connector 38,38 in the cooling heating unit 24, connect on this refrigerant tubing connector 38,38: be used for and will supply to the refrigerant tubing 39 of cooling load equipment 22 by the cold-producing medium after the expansion valve EV1 throttling expansion; The evaporimeter 4 that is used for being arranged on cooling load equipment 22 carries out heat exchange with the cooling object and the cold-producing medium that evaporates turns back to the refrigerant tubing 41 of cooling/heating apparatus 1.Though these are not contained in the cooling heating unit 24 of this embodiment, constitute the part of cooling/heating apparatus 1.

Also have, in the present embodiment, as cooling load equipment 22, be internally connected with to the cooling object store, the cooled containers 42 of cooling and cold insulation.The cooling object for example is milk or other beverage etc.Relation with heat exchange in this cooled containers 42 sets evaporimeter 4, by the heat-absorbing action of the cold-producing medium of evaporation in evaporimeter 4 cooled containers 42 is cooled off.

Have, comprise cold side control device C3 (cold side signal output mechanism) in the cooling load equipment 22, it detects the state of cooling load, and the cooling CRANK PULSES of the arbitrary state in " needing cooling ", " can cool off " or " can not cool off " is represented in output.Cooling CRANK PULSES splicing ear 43 is set in the cooling heating unit 24, connects cooling CRANK PULSES wiring 44 on this terminal 43 from cooling load equipment 22.

About the action of the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of this embodiment, i.e. flowing and heat-absorbing action and thermolysis etc. based on the switching of the determining of the operation mode of cooling CRANK PULSES and heating CRANK PULSES, refrigerant loop, cold-producing medium, common with the foregoing description 1, therefore detailed only describes the action as the heated side heat transfer medium of heating target.

When adding heat run and cooling and adding heat run, control device C1 drives circulating pump 27.Thus, be removed from the bottom of storing hot-water cylinder 34, deliver to heated side heat exchanger 26 as the water of heated side heat transfer medium.In heated side heat exchanger 26, by from the thermolysis of cold-producing medium and the water (hot water) that is heated up turns back to from the top of storing hot-water cylinder 34 and stores in the hot-water cylinder 34.

At this, control device C1 utilizes heated side temperature sensor T5 to detect with heated side heat exchanger 26 to carry out water temperature after the heat exchange, and controlled the aperture of flow control valve 28, so that this detected temperature is a setting.Specifically: when detected hot water temperature is lower than setting, reduce the aperture of flow control valve 28, on the contrary the aperture of augmented flow control valve 28 when detected hot water temperature is higher than setting.Thus, can in storing hot-water cylinder 34, store the hot water that needs temperature.

As mentioned above, in the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of this embodiment, because the refrigerant loop, the basis that are provided with on a stand beyond the evaporimeter 4 reach the control device C1 that controls the running of cooling/heating apparatus 1 from the heating CRANK PULSES of heating load equipment 23 from the cooling CRANK PULSES of cooling load equipment 22, to constitute a cooling heating unit 24, so can easily connect various cooling load equipment and heating load equipment.Thus, the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of present embodiment also has the feature same with the foregoing description 1, promptly aspect energy saving superior so that move or be provided with engineering easily, the versatility aspect is superior.

[embodiment 3]

Then, the loop diagram of the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of embodiments of the invention shown in Fig. 73.This embodiment is an example of other forms of constituting of the unit of cooling/heating apparatus 1.The cooling/heating apparatus 1 of this embodiment is all common with the foregoing description 2 aspect a lot, so for identical with the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of embodiment 2 or play the formation detailed of same effect or effect.

In the cooling heating unit 24 of embodiment 3, except the unit of embodiment 2 constitutes, also comprise: the cold side heat exchanger 46 that between this cold side heat transfer medium of the circulating path 49 that cold-producing medium and cold side heat transfer medium are flowed through, carries out heat exchange; Carry the circulating pump 47 as the cold side pump machanism of cold side heat transfer medium; Regulate the flow control valve 48 as the cold side flow control device of cold side heat transfer medium flow; The cold side temperature sensor T6 (cold side temperature testing organization) of the temperature of the cold side heat transfer medium after the heat exchange was carried out in detection with cold-producing medium in cold side heat exchanger 46.

On refrigerant loop, cold side heat exchanger 46 is equivalent to the evaporimeter 4 among embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, and the stream 46A of cold-producing medium and cold side heat transfer medium stream 46B engage with heat-shift and the mobile relative mode of direction.For example, be the heat exchanger of the double-tube heat exchanger of convection type, copper pipe engagement type or plate-type exchanger etc.In this embodiment, formation so far is arranged on a cooling heating unit 24 on the stand.

In the cooling heating unit 24 at this moment, the two ends of circulating path 49 are provided with cold side pipeline connection port 51,51 (cold side connectivity port), connect on this cold side pipeline connection port 51,51: the cold side pipeline 52 (circulating path of cold side heat transfer medium) that is used for supplying with from cooling load equipment 22 the cold side heat transfer medium; Being used for will be by the cold side pipeline 53 (circulating path of cold side heat transfer medium) of cooling/heating apparatus 1 cooled heat transfer medium to 22 conveyings of cooling load equipment.And, be connected with between these pipelines 52,53 with cooled containers 42 and set cooler 54 into heat exchange relationship.In addition, for example consider water, salt solution etc. as the cold side heat transfer medium.

When the cooling undertaken by control device C1 running and cooling add heat run, drive circulating pump 47.Thus, the cold side heat transfer medium is sent to cold side heat exchanger 46.The cold side heat transfer medium by the heat-absorbing action of the evaporation of the cold-producing medium of following the stream 46A that flows through and be cooled, is returned to cooling load equipment 22 then in the stream 46B of cold side heat exchanger 46.

Control device C1 utilizes cold side temperature sensor T6 to detect the temperature of carrying out the cold side heat transfer medium after the heat exchange with cold side heat exchanger 46, controls the aperture of flow control valve 48, so that detected temperature is a setting.Specifically be the aperture of augmented flow control valve 48 when detected temperature is lower than setting, the opposite aperture that when detected temperature is higher than setting, reduces flow control valve 48.Thus, the cold side heat transfer medium can be cooled to needed temperature.Cooled cold side heat transfer medium is brought into play heat-absorbing action in cooler 54, cooled containers 42 is cooled off.Thus, cooled containers 42 can be cooled to temperature desired.

As mentioned above, in the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the all devices, the basis that constitute refrigerant loop are set on a stand reach the control device C1 that controls the running of cooling/heating apparatus 1 from the heating CRANK PULSES of heating load equipment 23 from the cooling CRANK PULSES of cooling load equipment 22, constituted a cooling heating unit 24, so can easily connect various cooling load equipment 22 and heating load equipment 23.Particularly, need not to be connected with the refrigerant tubing of load equipment, so, can in refrigerant loop, enclose in advance and will cool off heating unit 1 under the state of cold-producing medium of appropriate amount and move into the place is set, cooling/heating apparatus than embodiment 2 also moves or be provided with engineering easily, and is superior aspect versatility.

[embodiment 4]

Then, the loop diagram of the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 84.In the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of this embodiment, constitute the cooling heating unit 24 same with the foregoing description 2.In this embodiment, as cooling load equipment 22, the cooled containers 42 that will cool off cold insulation milk or Other Drinks etc. (being milk among the embodiment) is connected to cooling heating unit 24, as heating load equipment 23, will possess the supply hot water facility of storing hot-water cylinder 34 and be connected to cooling heating unit 24.

In the figure, the 56th, the cooled containers cleaning device that the cooling load equipment 22 under this situation is possessed, constitute with surge tank 57, flushing pump 58, draining valve 59, circulation transfer valve 61 etc. by the cleaning that imports washing agent or import urban water supply via open and close valve 71, and then constitute the hot water of the high temperature that can will be used to clean cooled containers 42 from the storage hot-water cylinder 34 of supplying with hot water facility, established the high-temperature-hot-water service 64 of check-valves 62, open and close valve 63,69 through Jie and supplied with surge tank 57 to the cleaning of cooled containers cleaning device 56.

The milk of extruding is through open and close valve 66, and never illustrated milking machine imports cooled containers 42, stirs in mixer 67.As mentioned above, by the heat-absorbing action of the cold-producing medium of evaporation in evaporimeter 4 and the milk that is cooled is removed by the open valve 68 (transfer valve 61 that circulates at this moment cuts out) that takes out.When cleaning cooled containers 42, running flushing pump 58 is opened circulation with transfer valve 61, and the high water for cleaning of temperature that cleans with in the surge tank 57 is circulated in cooled containers 42.The discharge of water for cleaning is undertaken by opening draining valve 59.

On the other hand, in the storage hot-water cylinder 34 of the heating load equipment (supply hot water facility) 23 of this moment, storage hot-water cylinder temperature sensor T8 has been installed in many places up and down, and then from the top of storing hot-water cylinder 34 via check-valves 73, the hot water of high temperature is fetched into mixing valve 72, through check-valves 74, the hot water of low temperature is fetched into mixing valve 72 from the bottom.Mix these hot water with mixing valve 72, take out via check-valves 76, but the mixing ratio of this moment can be adjusted into the desirable hot water temperature of going out (from low temperature to high temperature) according to going out the detected temperature of hot water temperature's sensor T9.In addition, the 78th, bleed off the bleeder of storing the pressure in the hot-water cylinder 34, the 77th, the draining valve of storage hot-water cylinder 34.

According to present embodiment, when cooling is as the milk in the cooled containers 42 of cooling object, can effectively utilize the heat of the high temperature side of the kind of refrigeration cycle that produces in the cooling procedure to make the hot water boiling, be stored in and store in the hot-water cylinder 34, and utilize the critical cycle of striding of having used carbon dioxide coolant, thereby can produce the high-temperature-hot-water that is suitable for cleaning, therefore this hot water can be used for the cleaning of cooled containers 42.Therefore, and with boiler etc. hot water is boiled situation about supplying with the back in order to clean cooled containers 42 in the past and compare, can cut down the energy that is consumed significantly.Have again, owing to can also cut down the heat of discharging into the atmosphere from the high temperature side of kind of refrigeration cycle, so can also suppress the rising of environment temperature.

Also have, because present embodiment possesses outdoor heat converter 6 similarly to Example 1, when so the hot water that produces only with the cooling of cooled containers 42 time can't satisfy the required supply hot water load of cleaning method using or other purposes, by carrying out with the atmosphere is the supply hot water running of thermal source, thereby can produce the hot water that is lacked.Thus, do not need to be used to carry out the donkey boiler of additional services hot water etc., and carry out high efficiency heat pump for supply hot water, therefore can realize the further reduction that energy consumes.

On the other hand, even because as the change of the amount of the milk of cooling object or supply with the change etc. of hot water load, cause storing under the situation of the hot water amount's surplus in the hot-water cylinder 34, also the radiator of outdoor heat converter 6 as cold-producing medium can be utilized, therefore running can be cooled off reliably, quality deterioration can be prevented owing to the bad cooling object that causes of cooling.

Have again, the cooling/heating apparatus 1 of present embodiment is with above-mentioned same, being control device C1 determines suitable operation mode according to the cooling CRANK PULSES corresponding with cooling load and with the corresponding heating CRANK PULSES of heating load, so that preferentially cooling off heating turns round simultaneously, therefore efficiency of power dissipation can be improved, effective utilization of energy can be realized.

And then, because will cool off heating unit 24 constitutes and is arranged on the stand, so with above-mentioned same, can carry out easily that equipment is provided with engineering or to the connection engineering of each load equipment, when for example not only newly being provided with, but also can easily pass through the change etc. of a part of equipment of heating load equipment 23 after the service life or cooling load equipment 22 etc.

Also have,, except each technical scheme of summary of the invention part, it is also conceivable that following scheme as the invention that can hold in the above description.That is:

In technical scheme 4 or technical scheme 5 described cooling/heating apparatus, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned controlling organization at above-mentioned cooling CRANK PULSES or heating any in the CRANK PULSES for need cooling or need heated state, another for can heat or the situation of coolable state under, utilize above-mentioned stream switching mechanism to switch stream, so that, cold-producing medium is sucked above-mentioned compressor from above-mentioned evaporimeter from the above-mentioned radiator of refrigerant flow direction of above-mentioned compressor ejection.

In the described cooling/heating apparatus of each technical scheme, it is characterized in that above-mentioned refrigerant loop is enclosed carbon dioxide as cold-producing medium, the high-pressure side is a supercritical pressure.

A kind of cooling load equipment, it is connected as the above-mentioned cooling object of technical scheme 4 described cooling/heating apparatus, it is characterized in that, possesses the cold side signal output mechanism of the above-mentioned cooling CRANK PULSES of output.

A kind of heating load equipment, it is connected as the above-mentioned heating target of technical scheme 5 described cooling/heating apparatus, it is characterized in that, possesses the heated side signal output mechanism of the above-mentioned heating CRANK PULSES of output.

(utilizability on the industry)

Even the present invention is at the cooling cold-keeping device and the confession that is used for its cleaning of milk or Other Drinks etc. Hot water supplying device or cooling/heating apparatus, automatic vending machine, the air-conditioning related with the processing of food etc. Also can utilize in machine, other industrial fields that need to cool off and heat.

Claims (3)

1. cooling/heating apparatus, it possesses the steam compression type refrigeration circulation that connects compressor, radiator, throttle mechanism and evaporimeter successively and constitute refrigerant loop, can utilize the thermolysis of the cold-producing medium in the described radiator that heating target is heated, and can utilize the heat-absorbing action of the cold-producing medium in the described evaporimeter that the cooling object is cooled off

This cooling/heating apparatus is characterised in that, comprising:

Secondary unit, the one end is connected with the refrigerant outlet side pipe road of described radiator via throttle mechanism, and the other end is connected in the suction side pipeline and the ejection side pipe road of described compressor, carries out heat exchange with described heating target and cooling object thermal source in addition;

The stream switching mechanism, its control from the cold-producing medium of described compressor ejection flow to described radiator or flow to described secondary unit and be from described secondary unit to described compressor the supply system cryogen or from described evaporimeter to described compressor the supply system cryogen; With

Controlling organization, its according to the cooling CRANK PULSES of any state in state, the coolable state of the needs cooling of the cooling object in the described evaporimeter of expression corresponding and the state that can not cool off with the cooling load of described cooling object and with the corresponding described radiator of expression of the heating load of described heating target in heating target needs heated state, heatable state and can not heated state in the heating CRANK PULSES of any state, control described compressor, each throttle mechanism and stream switching mechanism.

2. cooling/heating apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, comprising:

The heated side pump machanism, it carries out heat exchange and makes this heated side heat transfer medium circulation in order to make described radiator and the heated side heat transfer medium that constitutes described heating target;

The heated side flow control device, it regulates the flow of described heated side heat transfer medium;

The heated side temperature testing organization, its detection and described radiator carry out the temperature of the described heated side heat transfer medium after the heat exchange; With

The heated side connectivity port, it is used to connect the circulating path of described heated side heat transfer medium.

3. cooling/heating apparatus according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, comprising:

The cold side pump machanism, it carries out heat exchange and makes this cold side heat transfer medium circulation in order to make described evaporimeter and the cold side heat transfer medium that constitutes described cooling object;

Cold side Flow-rate adjustment structure, it regulates the flow of described cold side heat transfer medium;

The cold side temperature testing organization, its detection and described evaporimeter carry out the temperature of the described cold side heat transfer medium after the heat exchange; With

The cold side connectivity port, it is used to connect the circulating path of described cold side heat transfer medium.