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Spruce Tree House cliff dwelling situated on Chapin Mesa, in the Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado, USA. This cliff dwelling is the third largest in the park and was built by the Pueblo people between 1200 and 1276 AD. It contained around 114 rooms and 8 kivas. Two of the kivas can be seen in the foreground with access ladders. A kiva is an underground chamber used by the Puebloans for religious rituals and ceremonies.