107
Microbes and Diseases

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter corresponding to the ONE answer for each question.

Which statement about chronic diseases
is true?a. Fluctuating blood glucose levels in diabetics can result in their needing limb amputations. but not to go blind due to retinal damage.
b. Early onset diabetes, which accounts for most cases of this disease, is on the increase in the US, perhaps due to poor diet, obesity and exercise levels.
c. Asthma attacks can be induced by exercise or exposure to cold air, and winter athletes appear to have a higher than expected incidence of this disease.

Which statement about gastrointestinal diseases is true?a. Mad cow disease is contracted by eating beef containing viruses that damage human cellular proteins to cause progressive brain damage in people.
b. Cholera is transmitted by ingestion of food or water contaminated with fecal matter and causes abdominal pain and diarrhea as a result of
intestinal damage.
c. Typhoid fever, typhus and trench fever are all diseases associated with warfare because they are all transmitted in a similar manner.

Which statement about STDs is true?
a. Genital warts are recurrent painful
vesicular lesions caused by papilloma viruses and can
lead to serious neonatal infections.
b. Genital warts and diseases due to Chlamydia
infection are currently the two highest incidence STDs
in the US.
c. Genital warts and Chlamydia infections are
especially important because of their links with
cervical cancer in women.

MATCHING MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the BEST answer. An answer may be used more than once within a set of questions.

Prevention of cholera, smallpox and genital warts, but not
syphilis or HIV/AIDS, includes _____.

TRUE FALSE: If a statement is TRUE, enter A
on the answer sheet; if it is FALSE, enter B.

Well-founded concerns about the very high prevalence of side-effects of vaccines, especially the MMR vaccine, which has been proven to cause autism in infants, have led to decreased vaccination rates in the US and this has resulted in an increase in several childhood diseases in recent years.

Prevention of arthropod borne diseases involves appropriate clothing choices, use of insect repellants and eradication of insects, whereas prevention of diseases that are not arthropod borne generally involves other ways to avoid contact with the etiologic agent, such as not coming into contact with an infected person.

In the US, public health officials and physicians try to control the spread of tuberculosis by a combination of early detection (skin test, chest x-ray, sputum culture and acid-fast staining) plus treatment with a combination of antibiotics, but it continues to be the leading cause of death due to infectious disease in the US.