The present study aimed to assess the effects of climate change on the toxicity of metal‐polluted soils. Bioassays with Enchytraeus crypticus were performed in soils polluted by mine wastes (mine tailing, forest and watercourse) and under different combinations of temperature (20 and 25 °C) and soil moisture content (50 and 30% of the soil water holding capacity). Survival and reproduction were determined as endpoints. No effect was observed on survival (average survival ≥80%). Reproduction was the most sensitive endpoint, and it was reduced between 65 and 98% compared to the control when exposed to the watercourse soil (lower pH, higher salinity and higher available metal(loid)s concentrations). In this soil, EC50 and EC10 significantly decreased with decreasing soil moisture content. In general, the worst case scenario was the driest soil, but the toxicity under a climate change scenario differed among soil types in relation to soil properties (e.g. pH, salinity) and available metal(loid)s concentrations. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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