Falsification: Manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record.

Investigators might falsify results by 'splicing and pasting' together different segments of western blot images so that the final image presented appeared to have come from a single western blot procedure.

Harvard investigator Marc Hauser was found to have fabricated and manipulated research results. Read about "Hauser's case" in Boston.com