- processing services of metal waste and scrap and of metal articles, whether or not used, into secondary raw material. Typical input consists of waste and scrap being sorted or unsorted but always unfit for further direct use in an industrial process, whereas the output is made fit for further processing and is to be considered then as an intermediate good. A process is required, either mechanical or chemical. Examples are:

· mechanical crushing of metal waste such as used cars, washing machines, bikes, etc., with subsequent sorting and separation

· mechanical reduction of large iron pieces such as railway wagons

· stripping of used goods such as cars in order to obtain reusable parts

· stripping of used goods such as cars or refrigerators to strip them of harmful waste (oil, cooling liquid, fuel, etc.)