American Government in Black and White

Paula D. McClain and Steven C. Tauber

A new chapter on federalism illuminating the effects that shifts in power between federal and state governments have had on the rights of all Americans

Updated analysis that places the 2012 election and its results into political and cultural context

Expanded coverage of Latinos highlighting their increasing and complex political influence as a demographic and voting group

Enhanced discussions of political science research in relevant chapters

A sleek and modern full-color design and a revamped photo program

American Government in Black and White

Second Edition

Paula D. McClain and Steven C. Tauber

Description

Concise, affordable, and engaging, American Government in Black and White, Second Edition, is a unique introduction to American government that uses racial and ethnic equality as its underlying theme. Authors Paula D. McClain and Steven C. Tauber address issues of inequality in major facets of government, including the U.S. Constitution, key American political institutions and instruments of political behavior, and the making of public policy. Engaging the original voices of racial and ethnic actors in our nation's history, they show students how to measure and evaluate the importance of equality in America, from its founding up to today.

FEATURES

* Three kinds of text boxes that help students develop empirical and qualitative analytical
abilities: "Measuring Equality," "Evaluating Equality," and "Our Voices"

Now Playing: Learning American Government Through Film, provides video examples of course concepts, demonstrating the real-world relevance of what students are learning in the course. It is available in both a student and instructor version and can be packaged for free with this text.

CNN Video DVD: Featuring recent clips on timely topics, this DVD contains fifteen films tied to
the chapter topics in the text. Each clip is approximately 5-10 minutes in length, offering a great way to launch your lectures. The DVD will be available to qualified adopters.

Adopters of American Government in Black and White, Second Edition, can package ANY Oxford book with the text for a 20% savings off the total package price. See our many trade and scholarly offerings at www.oup.com/us, then contact your local OUP representative to request a package ISBN.

Previous publication dates

American Government in Black and White

Second Edition

Paula D. McClain and Steven C. Tauber

Table of Contents

Each chapter ends with a Conclusion, Review Questions, Additional Readings, Notes, and Key Terms. Preface1. American Government and Politics in a Racially Divided World The Nature of GovernmentThe Functions of GovernmentThe Types of GovernmentPrinciples of Constitutional DemocraciesThe Rule of LawNatural LawNatural RightsFoundations of American GovernmentClassical LiberalismClassical RepublicanismOur Voices: Lemeul Haynes - Republicanism and SlaveryTradition of Exclusion (Inegalitarianism)Evaluating Equality: Thomas Jefferson and Sally HemingsJefferson's ViewsJefferson's ActionsExclusion and the FoundingMeasuring Equality: Who Was Eligible to Be Included in "WeThe People"?2. The Constitution: Rights and Race Intertwined A Revolution for IndependenceThe Road to RevolutionDeclaring IndependenceFirst Attempt at National Government: The Articles of ConfederationA Limited National GovernmentWeaknesses of the Articles of ConfederationOur Voices: Prince Hall (1748-1807)Second Attempt at National Government: The ConstitutionThe Convention DelegatesMeasuring Equality: Whom Did the Framers Represent?Forming a New GovernmentThe Great CompromiseEvaluating Equality: The Effect of the Three-Fifths Compromise on the Political Power of the SouthDebate over RatificationThe Bill of RightsNational Government Under the ConstitutionNational SupremacyTheLegislative BranchThe Executive BranchThe Judicial BranchLiberalized Amendment RulesPlanning for Potential PitfallsSeparating PowersVarying Terms of OfficeSelecting National Government OfficialsQualifying for National OfficeInstituting Checks and Balances3. Federalism: Balancing Power, Balancing Rights Federalism and State and Local GovernmentsState LegislaturesMeasuring Equality: Black and Latino Representation in State LegislaturesGovernorsState CourtsLocal GovernmentsEvaluating Equality: Home Rule, Statehood, and the Status of Washington, DCFederalism and the ConstitutionThe Constitution and National Government PowerConstitutional Amendments and National PowerTheConstitution and State PowerThe Evolution of American FederalismFederalism in the Early Republic and IndustrializationOur Voices: John Marshall and the Status of Indian TribesDual Federalism and the Ascendency of State AutonomyCooperative Federalism and the Growth of the National GovernmentThe Era of Devolution4. Civil Liberties: Freedom and Government Authority in Tension The Bill of RightsOrigins of the Bill of RightsIncorporation of the Bill of RightsFreedom of ExpressionPolitical DissentPornography and Offensive SpeechFreedom of the PressFreedom of ReligionEstablishment of ReligionFree Exercise of ReligionOur Voices: The Right to Practice Nontraditional Religions and EmploymentDivision v. SmithCriminal JusticeInvestigationEvaluating Equality: Recognizing Values in Political Cartoons on Racial Profiling in Fighting TerrorismTrialPunishmentMeasuring Equality: Discrimination, Death Row Population, and Executions in States with the Death PenaltyPrivacyPersonal AutonomyReproductive Freedom5. Civil Rights: Inequality and Equality Civil Rights Terms and ConceptsForms of InequalitySegregationRace, Ethnicity, and Civil RightsBlacksMeasuring Equality: Voter Registration and the Voting Rights Act of 1965LatinosEvaluating Equality: Terminology and Support for Illegal Immigration ReformAsian AmericansAmerican IndiansNonracial and Ethnic Struggles for
Civil RightsWomenGays, Lesbians, Bisexuals, and the TransgenderedElderly and Disabled6. Congress: Representation and Lawmaking The Nature of Congressional RepresentationThe UnrepresentedOur Voices: Nonvoting Delegate Eleanor Holmes Norton and Representation for Washington, DCDistrictsMembers of CongressCongressional Organization and LeadershipLeadership in the HouseLeadership in the SenateCommitteesInformal OrganizationsEvaluating Equality: The Congressional Black Caucus and Black Republican Members of CongressThe Lawmaking ProcessActivity on the House FloorAction on the Senate FloorReconciling Differences Between House and Senate BillsNonlawmaking Functions ofCongressInfluences on Congressional DecisionmakingConstituentsParty LeadersMeasuring Equality: The Influence of Race and Political Party on VotingColleaguesInterest GroupsStaff7. The Presidency: Conventional Wisdom Redefined Becoming PresidentDiversityOur Voices: Barack Obama's Inaugural AddressThe Presidential Selection ProcessMeasuring Equality: Scatterplots of Obama Vote and MinorityFinancing Presidential CampaignsPresidential PowerAdministrative Powers of the PresidentForeign Powers of the PresidentDomestic Powers of the PresidentExecutive Branch OrganizationThe Vice PresidentThe President's SpouseThe CabinetThe Executive Office of the PresidentThe White House StaffEvaluating Equality: Racial and Ethnic Representation in the Executive BranchPresidents and CongressNegotiating with CongressPresidents and the PublicCongressional Investigations of the Executive Branch8. The Bureaucracy: Career Government Employees, Accountability, and Race Bureaucratic OrganizationCabinet DepartmentsIndependent Regulatory CommissionsIndependent Executive AgenciesOur Voices: The U.S. Commission on Civil Rights and the Controversy over Florida and the 2000 ElectionGovernment CorporationsEvaluating Equality: Bureaucratic Organization and American IndiansThe BureaucratsPolitics versus MeritDiversityMeasuring Equality: Minority Representation in theFederal Civilian WorkforceBureaucratic Policymaking and PowerImplementationEnforcementRulemakingAdministrative AdjudicationSources of Bureaucratic PowerControlling BureaucraciesExecutive Control over BureaucraciesLegislative Control over BureaucraciesJudicial Control over Bureaucracies9. The Judiciary: The Countermajoritarian Institution Law and CourtsDimensions of LawOrganization of the Federal JudiciaryJudicial Powers and LimitationsThe Origins and Development of Judicial ReviewJudicial Review and Constitutional InterpretationJudicial Review and Civil RightsLimitations on the CourtsJudicial SelectionNominating JudgesConfirming JudgesRace and Ethnicityand Judicial NominationsMeasuring Equality: Presidents' Records of Minority Judicial Appointments to the Lower Federal CourtsOur Voices: Opinions of African American Supreme Court JusticesEvaluating Equality: Legal Argumentation, Amicus Curiae Briefs, and Affirmative ActionAttorney Influence on Court Decisionmaking10. Public Opinion: Divided by Race? Public Opinion OverviewOur Voices: Transcript of Conversation between Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy and Governor Ross Barnett of Mississippi (Sunday, September 20, 1962)Race, Gender, and Public OpinionRaceEvaluating Equality: Differences in Perception of Discrimination against Black AmericansGenderPolitical Culture and Public OpinionMeasuring Equality: BarackObama and the "Birthers"Political SocializationDemographic FactorsPartisan IdentificationThe MediaExpressions of Public OpinionMeasuring Public OpinionThe Mechanics of PollingHow the Sample Is DrawnHow a Question Is WordedWhen a Question Is Asked Within the SurveyWhen Data Are GatheredHow Data Are GatheredThe Bradley EffectPublic Opinion and Politics11. The Media: Reinforcing Racial Stereotypes? A History of Media and PoliticsPrint MediaOur Voices: The Liberator and AbolitionismBroadcast Radio and TelevisionNew MediaThe Media IndustryThe Media BusinessMedia PersonnelPress Coverage of Politics and Government Officials and
InstitutionsReporting of ElectionsMeasuring Equality: Racial and Ethnic Representation in the MediaCoverage of Government Officials and InstitutionsGovernment RegulationEvaluating Equality: Racial Bias in the Press Coverage of Hurricane Katrina12. Social Movements: Civil Rights as a Movement Model A Social Movement DefinedConditions that give Rise to Social MovementsSocial Movements and DemocracySuccessful American Social MovementsThe Civil Rights MovementOur Voices: Excerpt from Martin Luther King Jr.'s Letter from Birmingham JailThe Women's Suffrage and Women's Rights MovementEvaluating Equality: What Arguments Did Supporters and Opponents of the ERA Put Forth?The Labor MovementMeasuringEquality: Unions and WagesThe Environment MovementThe Anti-Vietnam War MovementLesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender MovementOther Important Social MovementsThe Chicano Civil Rights MovementAmerican Indian MovementAsian American MovementThe Antinuclear MovementReligious Fundamentalist MovementWhy Some Social Movements Decline and Some FailFactors that Contribute to Social Movement DeclineFactors that Contribute to Social Movement FailureSocial Movement or Political Activism13. Interest Groups: Good Outcomes with Few Resources Interest Groups and Their FunctionsOur Voices: Ida B. WellsA Group-Based View of American PoliticsPluralismCriticisms of PluralismInterest Group
FormationTypes of Interest GroupsEconomic Interest GroupsAgricultureBusinessLaborProfessionsEvaluating Equality: The AMA Apologizes to Black PhysiciansNoneconomic Interest GroupsCivil RightsGovernmentIdeologyPublic InterestSingle IssueReligionTechniques of Interest GroupsLobbyingElectioneeringEducationLitigationMedia CampaignsFactors That Make Interest Groups EffectivePolitical and Financial InequalitiesMeasuring Equality; Selected Racial and Ethnic Interest Groups and Their Resources14. Political Parties: Linking Voters and Governing Institutions The Development of the Two-Party SystemThe Early PartiesRealignment and RepublicanParty DominanceThe New Deal Coalition and Democratic Party DominanceThe End of Party Dominance and the Rise of Party CompetitionMinor PartiesEvaluating Equality: Minor Parties and Racial and Ethnic MinoritiesParty OrganizationNational Party ConventionsOur Voices: Political Party Platforms and Civil RightsNational Party CommitteesState and Local OrganizationParties and VotersParty IdentificationParties and Group AttachmentsMeasuring Equality: Latinos, Religious Preference, and Party Identification15. Voting and Elections: Past and Prologue to the Obama Victory The Electoral Process: Nominating a CandidateCaucusesPrimary ElectionsMeasuring Equality: Obama's Attention to Caucus Statesin the 2008 Presidential ElectionParty ConventionsGeneral ElectionsElecting the President: How the Electoral College WorksCampaigning for ElectionsDeveloping a Campaign StrategyFinancing a CampaignRunning a CampaignWinning the Election: How Elections Are DecidedVotingFactors That Affect Voter ParticipationEvaluating Equality: Calculating Voting Turnout RatesWhy Americans Do Not VoteDemographics and VotingRaceGenderAgeMarital StatusSocioeconomic StatusRegionThe 2012 Presidential ElectionOur Voices: Senator Barack Obama's Speech on Race: "A More Perfect Union"16. The Making of Domestic and Foreign Policy: Summing Up American Government in Black and White Agenda SettingSocial Movements, Interest Groups, and Agenda SettingThe Media and Agenda SettingOur Voices: President Obama's Cairo SpeechPolicy EnactmentPolicy FormulationPolicy AdoptionEvaluating Equality: Racism and the Public Debate over the Adoption of Health Care Reform PoliciesPostenactment StagesPolicy ImplementationMeasuring Equality: Racial Disparities in the Punishment of Drug OffendersPolicy EvaluationAppendix I: The Declaration of Independence Appendix II: The Constitution GlossaryNotesCreditsIndex

American Government in Black and White

Second Edition

Paula D. McClain and Steven C. Tauber

Author Information

Paula D. McClain is Professor of Political Science, Professor of Public Policy, Dean of the Graduate School, Vice Provost for Graduate Education, and Co-Director of the Center for the Study of Race, Ethnicity, and Gender in the Social Sciences at Duke University. She is a premier author, scholar, and series editor of numerous works on urban, racial, and ethnic politics.

Steven C. Tauber is Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Government and International Affairs at the University of South Florida. He is known for his work on judicial politics, particularly on social movements' use of litigation as a strategy. His work has covered civil rights groups and the animal rights movement.

American Government in Black and White

Second Edition

Paula D. McClain and Steven C. Tauber

Reviews and Awards

"American Government in Black and White is unique. There is no other text like it. It covers issues that other textbooks merely refer to as asides."--Richard Waterman, University of Kentucky

"This is a text that will provoke emotion and serious opportunities for critical thought about the role of government in the lives of Americans. It enables students to thoughtfully consider notions of equality and inequality and how government alleviates and burdens its citizens."--Damien Arthur, West Virginia State University

"American Government in Black and White is a thought-provoking yet substantive and research-filled textbook. It offers innovative perspectives on the overlap of race and politics while also fostering new levels of learning."--Anthony A. Maalouf, Delaware County Community College

"This book is innovative in that it uses the thematic lens of inclusion and exclusion to explore American politics. This approach is necessary because it enables today's college students to explore where our country has come from and where it is going."--Nathan K. Mitchell, Prairie View A&M University