Exams and Tests

Occasionally, an infected lymph node may form a tunnel (fistula) through the skin and drain (leak fluid).

This disease is often not found because it is hard to diagnose. However, the Bartonella henselae IFA test from the blood is an accurate way to detect the infection caused by these bacteria, but must be considered with other information from your medical history, lab tests, or biopsy.

Treatment

Generally, cat scratch disease is not serious. Medical treatment is not usually needed. In severe cases, treatment with antibiotics such as azithromycin can be helpful. Other antibiotics may be used including clarithromycin, rifampin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or ciprofloxacin.

In AIDS patients and other people who have a weakened immune system, cat scratch disease is more serious, and treatment with antibiotics is recommended.

Outlook (Prognosis)

Children who have a normal immune system should recover fully without treatment. In people with a suppressed immune system, treatment with antibiotics usually leads to recovery.

Possible Complications

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Call your health care provider if you have enlarged lymph nodes and you have been exposed to a cat.

Prevention

Avoid contact with cats to prevent the disease. If this is not possible, wash your hands thoroughly after playing with a cat, avoid scratches and bites, and avoid cat saliva to reduce your risk of infection.