In
2009, the United Nations through UNESCO to label intangible representative
list of the cultural heritage of humanity to one's cultural heritage.Batik. Yes,
that's the name of the beautiful fabric that is now being happening. Consider to the history, batik became known at the time of the Majapahit
Empire, around 1293-1500. In those days, the art of batik made on a palm leaf. Then
around 1825-1830, after the Java War or better known as the Java War,
batik have evolved considerably in the glory of the kingdom of Mataram.

The followers of the Mataram kingdom began to spread the use and manufacture of batik, up to Solo and Yogyakarta. So
that batik was originally limited to outfit the royal family and their
followers, then start grassroots and community drives the economy. Many of the mothers at the time, began to weave a long white cloth called primis, and paint over it. To get an attractive color, batik makers typically use herbs, such as noni tree, Soga, and tilapia. While soda and salt in the manufacturing process is made of ash and mud.

Initially, batik motif is dominated by animals and plants, which then evolved motive according to the wearer's social strata. For example, goods Parang motif that reflects the power, initially only used by kings. Or motive ukel and cement worn only by royal family at the time of marriage ceremony Javanese tradition.The
entry of Dutch culture, Chinese, Arabic, Japanese, Indian and
Indonesian Malay to create full color motifs and batik more the merrier.
It looks at Pekalongan batik motif that blends different cultures into Javanese culture. As Jlamprang batik that reflect the culture of India and Arabia, or batik Encim and Klengenan influenced by Chinese culture. There
is another batik Pagi Sore getting cultural influences from the
Netherlands, and a growing Hokokai batik in Indonesia during the
Japanese occupation.

Motifs and colors in batik, basically has a symbolic value, which describes the feelings and expectations of the wearer. That's why the idea of ​​a classic motif usually, only exists in the imagination of the batik craftsmen. Imagination was then greatly affect the outcome of a batik motif. That's why, no painting batik motifs which have completely the same. At the present time, as development era, eventually bringing batik into a national identity as well as being a popular clothing.Please read my another article about batik, in here.

2. WAYANG

Wayang recognized as a UNESCO masterpiece of the oral and intangible heritage of humanity in 2003. Culture is a stylish marriage between acting, sound art, music, speech arts, literary arts, painting, sculpture, symbol to art. In
its development, the puppet is often used as a medium of propaganda,
education, entertainment, philosophical understanding, as well as
entertainment to the public.

In the period 898-910 BC, the puppet is part of the Javanese animist religion, the worship of the Sang Hyang. At that time, people played the puppet on the funeral thanksgiving for bountiful harvests. At
that time shadow puppets show in Java using a screen, a
piece of cloth which is a barrier between the audience mastermind behind
that curtain. The audience watched the puppet movements through the shadows falling on the screen. At that time, wayang accompanied by gamelan consisting of saron, todung or flute, and kemanak.The
entry of Hindu religion then shifts animism in Java, and create puppet
characters and story adapted from the works of Indian literature, such
as the story of Ramayana and Mahabharata. Then in the reign of King Airlangga at 976-1012, literature became the story.

In
989-910, the king Dyah Balitung adapting the book Ramayana written by
Indian poet Valmiki, into a book of literary texts in Javanese Ramayana
Kakawin ancient. Furthermore, the poets compose Java and India's literary retelling philosophy by incorporating Java into it. As such, the work of the professor Kanwa Arjunawiwaha Kakawin, which is a spin-off book of Mahabharata.With the introduction of Islam in the 15th century, the concept of the art of wayang more developed. As the kingdom of Demak, the wayang performances used oil lamps called blencong.

In its development, Indonesia has some kind of wayang, such as Wayang Purwa which are made of lambskin. This wayang told about story of Ramayana and Mahabharata into Old Javanese
language, with such renowned poet and Empu Panuluh, Empu Sedah,
and Empu Kanwa.

Then there marionette puppet or often called Wayang Tengul which made of wood who were given clothes like humans. Unlike a regular wayang performances, wayang tengul does not use kelir or screen.Then there Wayang Krucil or often called kllithik, that made from wood. In each its performance, Krucil told the story of Damar Wulan and Majapahit. Then there were Wayang Beber made of ox's leather, and played in the era of the Majapahit Kingdom. Similar
to shadow puppets, Wayang Gedog encountered in 1400, brings the story
of the kingdom of Banten, Singasari, Mataram, until the kingdom of
Kediri.

Indonesia also has a quite modern puppet called Wayang Suluh that is used as a tools of information to the public. Typically, this puppet told about the struggle when Indonesia repel invaders. The presence of foreign cultures such as Chinese culture can not be separated from the puppet. This is evident from the birth of Wayang Titi which can still be found in the Chinatown or in pagoda.

Furthermore, there are puppets created by Mangkungara Associate IV at the beginning of the 18th century. The story usually taken from the story of the Pandavas after the war Baratayuda. The
influence of Christianity is also seen in Wayang Wahyu that created by
Brother Themotheos, to broadcast the Christian religion. The story that was shown by the puppet is usually derived from biblical stories.

In the past, Keris serves as a weapon in war, as well as complementary offerings objects. In its development, the role of Keris as a weapon gradually marginalized. And once, a perfect man views from his Keris which is a symbol of knowledge or skill as a live stock. The usage procedure of Keris is quite different in each region. As
in Javanese and Sundanese, Keris will be placed at the back of the waist
in peacetime, and will be moved to the front during the war. While in Sumatra and Kalimantan, Keris will be pinned on the front of the belt during ceremonies.Keris is generally made of two kinds of metals, iron and steel. But today's, Keris made by mixing iron and steel with some alloy such as nickel, titanium, cobalt, silver, tin, chromium, antimony, or copper. Keris is usually done by forming an iron blade first. As
the base material or the blade will be heated to incandescence and
then hammered repeatedly to remove impurities compounds, carbon and
oxides. Once clean, it will be folded on to U-shaped bar, and a slab of material inserted prestige in it.The folds continued re-heated and hammered over and over again. Technique, strength, and position forge, will greatly affect the prestige that appears later. The final form of the forging is elongated slab, which is cut into two parts, called the kodhokan.A steel plate and placed between two kodhokan like sandwich bread, then tied and forged. Edge then made slightly elongated kodhokan to be cut and used as ganja. The next step is to formed Pesi and bengkek, resulting in forming, whether berluk or straight. The
next stage is the making of ornaments called Ricikan, where certain
parts smoothed using a miserly according to dhapur to be made. Then, re-plated dagger, as the ultimate stage.

Notonly that, he alsomanaged to finda variety ofotherancient fossils, such asvertebratefossils, animal water fossils, marineplant fossils, animal fossils. That is why, in order to maintainthe existence offossils in Sangiransite, the local government builtanarchaeologicalmuseumlocated inKalijambe, Sragen, Central Java.

MuseumSangiranhas13,086ancient fossils, making it the most completeearly humansitesand the largest inAsia. Becausethe fossilsrevealancient humancivilizationsince theLatePlioceneto the end ofthe MiddlePleistocene. AndsinceMarch 15, 1977, Sangirandesignated asHeritageAreasbased on the Decreeof the Ministerof EducationandCulture.

Typically, the dancerswill singfivesongswhiledancingkind. AsRengum, theroarthat beginsbylifting. Followed by aring, which isimmediatelyfollowed byrengumtheother dancers. The danceis alsoaccompanied byRedet, which is ashortsongwith ashort soundsung by adanceratthe center of thedance.