The Periodic Table, collection of memoirs by Primo Levi, published in Italian as Il sistema periodico in 1975 and regarded as his masterwork. It is a cycle of 21 autobiographical stories, each named after and inspired by a chemical element.

To Levi, who was a chemist as well as a writer, each element had an associative value—its properties symbolizing certain thoughts and triggering specific memories. In “Argon” he draws an analogy between the nonreactivity of this inert gas and the refusal of his Jewish ancestors to assimilate into the Gentile majority of their native Italian Piedmont. “Hydrogen” is an anecdote about his boyhood experiments with this explosive gas. “Vanadium” recounts his unexpected encounter with a former official of Auschwitz, where Levi was imprisoned during World War II. Attacking the fascist myth of racial purity in “Zinc,” the author reveals his preference for the “boring metal” when it is in an active state of impurity.

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July 31, 1919 Turin, Italy April 11, 1987 Turin Italian-Jewish writer and chemist, noted for his restrained and moving autobiographical account of and reflections on survival in the Nazi concentration camps.