Fluoride - The Drugging Of America With Fluoride - Includes A Wide Range Articles & A Chronoligical History Of Fluoride

American soldiers who entered Germany at the end of World War 2 made the liberating of POW camps a priority. At camp after camp, they found stockpiles of fluoride stored near the water supply. When they asked what the fluoride was used for, they were told that the Germans used the substance as an additive to the prisoners water, to make them docile. This is the first known incidence of intentionally fluoridating drinking water.

This practice was soon adapted to American use. By the time General Patton took his Third Army to Berlin, the US Army was adding it to the soldiers water to keep them calm and passive. Patton strenuously objected, and refused to allow fluoridation of his troops. (Patton was later killed when his jeep was struck by an Army truck. This accident injured the General, but it didn't kill him. On the way to the hospital, another Army truck hit him, this time resulting in his death. The mysterious death of America's great General Patton will be the subject of a future story here.)

Within a few years, most of the drinking water in the United States had been fluoridated, in the interests of preventing tooth decay. All of our major brands of toothpaste contain fluoride. Most beverages and foods contain sodium fluoride. This is not a naturally-occurring phenomenon - it is intentionally introduced. The most important question becomes "does fluoride do what it claims to do - prevent tooth decay?" The answer is that it does not.

Not only is there no proof that fluoride prevents tooth decay, there is powerful evidence to the contrary. The largest study ever taken on the matter was conducted in Tucson, Arizona in 1992. 26,000 elementary school students were involved in the study, which produced empirical evidence that the more fluoride a child consumes, the more cavities will appear! The study was conducted by the University of Arizona under the supervision of world-renowned Professor Emeritus Cornelius Steelink.

Of course, most of the countries on Earth rejected fluoridated water years ago. Only the United States and a small handful of countries under our influence continue to add this toxin to their public drinking water supplies. China discontinued the practice after finding that fluoride in the water lowers the ability of children to learn. There is also scientific evidence that osteoporosis, Alzheimers Disease, and other aluminum-related diseases are caused by fluoride - an aluminum by-product.

Research chemist Charles Perkins said, "Repeated doses of infinitesimal amounts of fluoride will in time reduce an individual's power to resist domination, by slowly poisoning and narcotizing a certain area of the brain, thus making him submissive to the will of those who wish to govern him. The real reason behind water fluoridation is not to benefit children's teeth. If this were the real reason there are many ways in which it could be done that are much easier, cheaper, and far more effective. The real purpose behind water fluoridation is to reduce the resistance of the masses to domination and control and loss of liberty."

So, what is fluoride anyway? First of all, it needs to be stated that the 'substance' referred to as 'Fluoride' is a misnomer - there is no such substance listed in the periodic chart of the elements, nor in the prestigious CRC handbook, nor in the sacred 'bible' of the pharmaceutical industry - the illustrious 'Merck Index'. Instead, we find a GAS called Fluorine - and from the use of this gas in various industries such as aluminum manufacturing and the nuclear industry certain toxic by-products are created which have 'captured' fluorine molecules. One such toxic, poisonous 'by-product' is called sodium fluoride - which according to the Merck Index is primarily used as rat and cockroach poison and is also the active ingredient in most toothpastes and as an additive to drinking water.

The proof that it is a toxic poison can be found by reading the warning label on any tube of toothpaste. Sodium Fluoride is also one of the basic ingredients in both Prozac and Sarin Nerve Gas, as well as a host of anti-depressant drugs and commercial insecticides. Sodium Fluoride is a hazardous waste by-product of the nuclear and aluminum industries. In addition to being the primary ingredient in rat and cockroach poison, it is also a main ingredient in anaesthetic, hypnotic, and psychiatric drugs as well as military nerve gas!

Historically, this substance was quite expensive for chemical companies to dispose of, but in the 50's and 60's Alcoa and the entire aluminum industry - with a vast overabundance of the toxic waste - sold the FDA and our government on the insane but highly profitable idea of buying this poison at a 20,000% mark-up and then injecting it into our water supply as well as into the nation's toothpaste. When sodium fluoride is injected into our drinking water, its level is approximately 1 part-per-million (ppm), but since we only drink ½ of one percent of the total water supply, the hazardous chemical literally goes down the drain. The chemical industry has not only a free hazardous waste disposal system - but we have also paid them millions of dollars in the process.

Independent scientific evidence over the past 50 plus years has shown that sodium fluoride shortens our life span, promotes various cancers and mental disturbances, and most importantly, makes humans stupid, docile, and subservient, all in one neat little package. Honest scientists who have attempted to blow the whistle on fluoride have consistently been professionally black-listed, and their valid points never have received the ink they deserve.

In 1952 a slick PR campaign rammed the concept of 'fluoridation' through our Public Health departments and various dental organizations. This slick campaign was more akin to a highly emotional "beer salesman convention" instead of the objective, scientifically researched program that it should have been. It has continued in the same vein right up to the present day - and now sodium fluoride use has now become 'usual and customary'.

To illustrate the emotional vs. the scientific nature of this issue, just look at the response given by people (perhaps yourself included?) when the subject of fluoridation comes up. You need to ask yourself, "Is this particular response based on emotions born of tradition, or is it truly unbiased and based instead on thoroughly researched objectivity?"

There is a tremendous amount of emotion attached to the topic of fluoride usage - but I can't find even one objective, double blind study that even remotely links fluoride to healthy teeth at any age. Instead, I hear "9 out of 10 dentists recommend 'fluoride' toothpaste".

Truly independent scientists who've spent a large portion of their lives studying this subject have been hit with a surprising amount of unfair character assassination from strong vested-interest groups who profit from the public's ignorance and illnesses.

TOXIC SECRETS
Fluoride & the A-Bomb Program
During the ultra-secret Manhattan Project, a report was commissioned to assess the effect of fluoride on humans.

That report was classified "secret" for reasons of "national security".
by Joel Griffiths and Chris Bryson

Some 50 years after United States authorities began adding fluoride to public water supplies to reduce cavities in children's teeth, recently discovered declassified government documents are shedding new light on the roots of that still-controversial public health measure, revealing a surprising connection between the use of fluoride and the dawning of the nuclear age.

Today, two-thirds of US public drinking water is fluoridated. Many municipalities still resist the practice, disbelieving the government's assurances of safety.

Since the days of World War II when the US prevailed by building the world's first atomic bomb, the nation's public health leaders have maintained that low doses of fluoride are safe for people and good for children's teeth.

That safety verdict should now be re-examined in the light of hundreds of once-secret WWII-era documents obtained by these reporters [authors Griffiths and Bryson], including declassified papers of the Manhattan Project-the ultra-secret US military program that produced the atomic bomb.

Fluoride was the key chemical in atomic bomb production, according to the documents. Massive quantities-millions of tons-were essential for the manufacture of bomb-grade uranium and plutonium for nuclear weapons throughout the Cold War. One of the most toxic chemicals known, fluoride emerged as the leading chemical health hazard of the US atomic bomb program, both for workers and for nearby communities, the documents reveal.

Other revelations include:

Much of the original proof that fluoride is safe for humans in low doses was generated by A-bomb program scientists who had been secretly ordered to provide "evidence useful in litigation" against defence contractors for fluoride injury to citizens. The first lawsuits against the American A-bomb program were not over radiation, but over fluoride damage, the documents show.

Human studies were required. Bomb program researchers played a leading role in the design and implementation of the most extensive US study of the health effects of fluoridating public drinking water, conducted in Newburgh, New York, from 1945 to 1955. Then, in a classified operation code-named "Program F", they secretly gathered and analysed blood and tissue samples from Newburgh citizens with the cooperation of New York State Health Department personnel.

The original, secret version (obtained by these reporters) of a study published by Program F scientists in the August 1948 Journal of the American Dental Association1 shows that evidence of adverse health effects from fluoride was censored by the US Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)-considered the most powerful of Cold War agencies-for reasons of "national security".

The bomb program's fluoride safety studies were conducted at the University of Rochester-site of one of the most notorious human radiation experiments of the Cold War, in which unsuspecting hospital patients were injected with toxic doses of radioactive plutonium. The fluoride studies were conducted with the same ethical mindset, in which "national security" was paramount.

EVIDENCE OF FLUORIDE'S ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS

The US Government's conflict of interest and its motive to prove fluoride safe in the furious debate over water fluoridation since the 1950s has only now been made clear to the general public, let alone to civilian researchers, health professionals and journalists. The declassified documents resonate with a growing body of scientific evidence and a chorus of questions about the health effects of fluoride in the environment.

Human exposure to fluoride has mushroomed since World War II, due not only to fluoridated water and toothpaste but to environmental pollution by major industries, from aluminium to pesticides, where fluoride is a critical industrial chemical as well as a waste by-product.

The impact can be seen literally in the smiles of our children. Large numbers (up to 80 per cent in some cities) of young Americans now have dental fluorosis, the first visible sign of excessive fluoride exposure according to the US National Research Council. (The signs are whitish flecks or spots, particularly on the front teeth, or dark spots or stripes in more severe cases.)

Less known to the public is that fluoride also accumulates in bones. "The teeth are windows to what's happening in the bones," explained Paul Connett, Professor of Chemistry at St Lawrence University, New York, to these reporters. In recent years, paediatric bone specialists have expressed alarm about an increase in stress fractures among young people in the US. Connett and other scientists are concerned that fluoride-linked to bone damage in studies since the 1930s-may be a contributing factor.

The declassified documents add urgency: much of the original 'proof ' that low-dose fluoride is safe for children's bones came from US bomb program scientists, according to this investigation.

Now, researchers who have reviewed these declassified documents fear that Cold War national security considerations may have prevented objective scientific evaluation of vital public health questions concerning fluoride.

"Information was buried," concludes Dr Phyllis Mullenix, former head of toxicology at Forsyth Dental Center in Boston and now a critic of fluoridation. Animal studies which Mullenix and co-workers conducted at Forsyth in the early 1990s indicated that fluoride was a powerful central nervous system (CNS) toxin and might adversely affect human brain functioning even at low doses. (New epidemiological evidence from China adds support, showing a correlation between low-dose fluoride exposure and diminished IQ in children.) Mullenix's results were published in 1995 in a reputable peer-reviewed scientific journal.2

During her investigation, Mullenix was astonished to discover there had been virtually no previous US studies of fluoride's effects on the human brain. Then, her application for a grant to continue her CNS research was turned down by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), when an NIH panel flatly told her that "fluoride does not have central nervous system effects".

Declassified documents of the US atomic bomb program indicate otherwise. A Manhattan Project memorandum of 29 April 1944 states: "Clinical evidence suggests that uranium hexafluoride may have a rather marked central nervous system effect... It seems most likely that the F [code for fluoride] component rather than the T [code for uranium] is the causative factor." The memo, from a captain in the medical corps, is stamped SECRET and is addressed to Colonel Stafford Warren, head of the Manhattan Project's Medical Section. Colonel Warren is asked to approve a program of animal research on CNS effects. "Since work with these compounds is essential, it will be necessary to know in advance what mental effects may occur after exposure... This is important not only to protect a given individual, but also to prevent a confused workman from injuring others by improperly performing his duties."

On the same day, Colonel Warren approved the CNS research program. This was in 1944, at the height of World War II and the US nation's race to build the world's first atomic bomb.

For research on fluoride's CNS effects to be approved at such a momentous time, the supporting evidence set forth in the proposal forwarded along with the memo must have been persuasive. The proposal, however, is missing from the files at the US National Archives. "If you find the memos but the document they refer to is missing, it's probably still classified," said Charles Reeves, chief librarian at the Atlanta branch of the US National Archives and Records Administration where the memos were found. Similarly, no results of the Manhattan Project's fluoride CNS research could be found in the files.

After reviewing the memos, Mullenix declared herself "flabbergasted". "How could I be told by NIH that fluoride has no central nervous system effects, when these documents were sitting there all the time?" She reasons that the Manhattan Project did do fluoride CNS studies: "That kind of warning, that fluoride workers might be a danger to the bomb program by improperly performing their duties-I can't imagine that would be ignored." But she suggests that the results were buried because of the difficult legal and public relations problems they might create for the government.

The author of the 1944 CNS research proposal attached to the 29 April memo was Dr Harold C. Hodge-at the time, chief of fluoride toxicology studies for the University of Rochester division of the Manhattan Project.

Nearly 50 years later at the Forsyth Dental Center in Boston, Dr Mullenix was introduced to a gently ambling elderly man, brought in to serve as a consultant on her CNS research. This man was Harold C. Hodge. By then, Hodge had achieved status emeritus as a world authority on fluoride safety. "But even though he was supposed to be helping me," said Mullenix, "he never once mentioned the CNS work he had done for the Manhattan Project."

The "black hole" in fluoride CNS research since the days of the Manhattan Project is unacceptable to Mullenix who refuses to abandon the issue. "There is so much fluoride exposure now, and we simply do not know what it is doing. You can't just walk away from this."

Dr Antonio Noronha, an NIH scientific review advisor familiar with Dr Mullenix's grant request, told us that her proposal was rejected by a scientific peer-review group. He termed her claim of institutional bias against fluoride CNS research "far-fetched". He then added: "We strive very hard at NIH to make sure politics does not enter the picture."

THE NEW JERSEY FLUORIDE POLLUTION INCIDENT
The documentary trail begins at the height of World War II, in 1944, when a severe pollution incident occurred downwind of the E.I. DuPont de Nemours Company chemical factory in Deepwater, New Jersey. The factory was then producing millions of pounds of fluoride for the Manhattan Project whose scientists were racing to produce the world's first atomic bomb.

The farms downwind in Gloucester and Salem counties were famous for their high-quality produce. Their peaches went directly to the Waldorf Astoria Hotel in New York City; their tomatoes were bought up by Campbell's Soup.

But in the summer of 1944 the farmers began reporting that their crops were blighted: "Something is burning up the peach crops around here." They said that poultry died after an all-night thunderstorm, and that farm workers who ate produce they'd picked would sometimes vomit all night and into the next day.

"I remember our horses looked sick and were too stiff to work," Mildred Giordano, a teenager at the time, told these reporters. Some cows were so crippled that they could not stand up; they could only graze by crawling on their bellies.

The account was confirmed in taped interviews with Philip Sadtler (shortly before he died), of Sadtler Laboratories of Philadelphia, one of the nation's oldest chemical consulting firms. Sadtler had personally conducted the initial investigation of the damage.

Although the farmers did not know it, the attention of the Manhattan Project and the federal government was riveted on the New Jersey incident, according to once-secret documents obtained by these reporters.

A memo, dated 27 August 1945, from Manhattan Project chief Major-General Leslie R. Groves to the Commanding General of Army Service Forces at the Pentagon, concerns the investigation of crop damage at Lower Penns Neck, New Jersey. It states: "At the request of the Secretary of War, the Department of Agriculture has agreed to cooperate in investigating complaints of crop damage attributed...to fumes from a plant operated in connection with the Manhattan Project."

After the war's end, Dr Harold C. Hodge, the Manhattan Project's chief of fluoride toxicology studies, worriedly wrote in a secret memo (1 March 1946) to his boss, Colonel Stafford L. Warren, chief of the Medical Section, about "problems associated with the question of fluoride contamination of the atmosphere in a certain section of New Jersey".

"There seem to be four distinct (though related) problems:
"1. A question of injury of the peach crop in 1944.
"2. A report of extraordinary fluoride content of vegetables grown in this area.
"3. A report of abnormally high fluoride content in the blood of human individuals residing in this area.
"4. A report raising the question of serious poisoning of horses and cattle in this area."

FLUORIDE DAMAGE: THE FIRST LAWSUITS
The New Jersey farmers waited until the war was over before suing DuPont and the Manhattan Project for fluoride damage-reportedly the first lawsuits against the US atomic bomb program. Although seemingly trivial, the lawsuits shook the government, the secret documents reveal.

Under the personal direction of Major-General Groves, secret meetings were convened in Washington, with compulsory attendance by scores of scientists and officials from the US War Department, the Manhattan Project, the Food and Drug Administration, the Agriculture and Justice departments, the US Army's Chemical Warfare Service and Edgewood Arsenal, the Bureau of Standards, as well as lawyers from DuPont. Declassified memos of the meetings reveal a secret mobilisation of the full forces of the government to defeat the New Jersey farmers.

In a memo (2 May 1946) copied to General Groves, Manhattan Project Lt Colonel Cooper B. Rhodes notes that these agencies "are making scientific investigations to obtain evidence which may be used to protect the interest of the Government at the trial of the suits brought by owners of peach orchards in...New Jersey".

Regarding these lawsuits, General Groves wrote to the Chairman of the Senate Special Committee on Atomic Energy in a memo of 28 February 1946, advising that "the Department of Justice is cooperating in the defense of these suits".

Why the national security emergency over a few lawsuits by New Jersey farmers? In 1946 the United States began full-scale production of atomic bombs. No other nation had yet tested a nuclear weapon, and the A-bomb was seen as crucial for US leadership of the post-war world. The New Jersey fluoride lawsuits were a serious roadblock to that strategy. "The spectre of endless lawsuits haunted the military," wrote Lansing Lamont in Day of Trinity, his acclaimed book about the first atomic bomb test.3

"If the farmers won, it would open the door to further suits which might impede the bomb program's ability to use fluoride," commented Jacqueline Kittrell, a Tennessee public interest lawyer who examined the declassified fluoride documents. (Kittrell specialises in nuclear-related litigation and has represented plaintiffs in several human radiation experiment cases.) "The reports of human injury were especially threatening because of the potential for enormous settlements-not to mention the PR problem," she added.

Indeed, DuPont was particularly concerned about the "possible psychological reaction" to the New Jersey pollution incident, according to a secret Manhattan Project memo of 1 March 1946. Facing a threat from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to embargo the region's produce because of "high fluoride content", DuPont dispatched its lawyers to the FDA offices in Washington, DC, where an agitated meeting ensued. According to a memo sent next day to General Groves, DuPont's lawyer argued that "in view of the pending suits...any action by the Food and Drug Administration...would have a serious effect on the DuPont Company and would create a bad public relations situation". After the meeting adjourned, Manhattan Project Captain John Davies approached the FDA's Food Division chief and "impressed upon Dr White the substantial interest which the Government had in claims which might arise as a result of action which might be taken by the Food and Drug Administration".

There was no embargo. Instead, according to General Groves' memo of 27 August 1946, new tests for fluoride in the New Jersey area were to be conducted not by the Department of Agriculture but by the US Army's Chemical Warfare Service (CWS)-because "work done by the Chemical Warfare Service would carry the greatest weight as evidence if...lawsuits are started by the complainants".

Meanwhile, the public relations problem remained unresolved: local citizens were in a panic about fluoride. The farmers' spokesman, Willard B. Kille, was personally invited to dine with General Groves (then known as "the man who built the atomic bomb") at his office at the War Department on 26 March 1946. Although diagnosed by his doctor as having fluoride poisoning, Kille departed the luncheon convinced of the government's good faith. Next day he wrote to the general, expressing his wish that the other farmers could have been present so that "they too could come away with the feeling that their interests in this particular matter were being safeguarded by men of the very highest type whose integrity they could not question".

A broader solution to the public relations problem was suggested by Manhattan Project chief fluoride toxicologist Harold C. Hodge in a second secret memo (1 May 1946) to Medical Section chief Colonel Warren: "Would there be any use in making attempts to counteract the local fear of fluoride on the part of residents of Salem and Gloucester counties through lectures on F toxicology and perhaps the usefulness of F in tooth health?" Such lectures were indeed given, not only to New Jersey citizens but to the rest of the nation throughout the Cold War.

The New Jersey farmers' lawsuits were ultimately stymied by the government's refusal to reveal the key piece of information that would have settled the case: how much fluoride DuPont had vented into the atmosphere during the war. "Disclosure would be injurious to the military security of the United States," Manhattan Project Major C. A. Taney, Jr, had written in a memo soon after the war's end (24 September 1945).

The farmers were pacified with token financial settlements, according to interviews with descendants still living in the area.

"All we knew is that DuPont released some chemical that burned up all the peach trees around here," recalled Angelo Giordano whose father James was one of the original plaintiffs. "The trees were no good after that, so we had to give up on the peaches." Their horses and cows acted and walked stiffly, recalled his sister Mildred. "Could any of that have been the fluoride?" she asked. (The symptoms she detailed are cardinal signs of fluoride toxicity, according to veterinary toxicologists.) The Giordano family has also been plagued by bone and joint problems, Mildred added. Recalling the settlement received by the family, Angelo Giordano told these reporters that his father said he "got about $200".

The farmers were stonewalled in their search for information about fluoride's effects on their health, and their complaints have long since been forgotten. But they unknowingly left their imprint on history: their complaints of injury to their health reverberated through the corridors of power in Washington and triggered intensive, secret, bomb program research on the health effects of fluoride.

"PROGRAM F": SECRET FLUORIDE RESEARCH
A secret memo (2 May 1946) to General Groves from Manhattan Project Lt Colonel Rhodes states: "Because of complaints that animals and humans have been injured by hydrogen fluoride fumes in [the New Jersey] area, although there are no pending suits involving such claims, the University of Rochester is conducting experiments to determine the toxic effect of fluoride."

Much of the proof of fluoride's alleged safety in low doses rests on the post-war work done at the University of Rochester in anticipation of lawsuits against the bomb program for human injury.

For the top-secret Manhattan Project to delegate fluoride safety studies to the University of Rochester was not surprising. During WWII the US Federal Government became involved for the first time in large-scale funding of scientific research at government-owned labs and private colleges. Those early spending priorities were shaped by the nation's often-secret military needs.

The prestigious upstate New York college in particular had housed a key wartime division of the Manhattan Project to study the health effects of the new "special materials" such as uranium, plutonium, beryllium and fluoride which were being used in making the atomic bomb. That work continued after the war, with millions of dollars flowing from the Manhattan Project and its successor organisation, the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). (Indeed, the bomb left an indelible imprint on all of US science in the late 1940s and 1950s. Up to 90 per cent of all federal funds for university research came from either the Department of Defense or the AEC in this period, according to Noam Chomsky in his 1997 book, The Cold War and the University.4)

The University of Rochester Medical School became a revolving door for senior bomb-program scientists. The post-war faculty included Stafford Warren, the top medical officer of the Manhattan Project, and Harold C. Hodge, chief of fluoride research for the bomb program.

But this marriage of military secrecy and medical science bore deformed offspring. The University of Rochester's classified fluoride studies, code-named "Program F", were started during the war and continued up until the early 1950s. They were conducted at its Atomic Energy Project (AEP), a top-secret facility funded by the AEC and housed at Strong Memorial Hospital. It was there that one of the most notorious human radiation experiments of the Cold War took place, in which unsuspecting hospital patients were injected with toxic doses of radioactive plutonium. Revelation of this experiment-in a Pulitzer Prize-winning account by Eileen Welsome-led to a 1995 US presidential investigation and a multimillion-dollar cash settlement for victims.

Program F was not about children's teeth. It grew directly out of litigation against the bomb program, and its main purpose was to furnish scientific ammunition which the government and its nuclear contractors could use to defeat lawsuits for human injury. Program F's director was none other than Dr Harold C. Hodge- who led the Manhattan Project investigation of alleged human injury in the New Jersey fluoride pollution incident.

Program F's purpose is spelled out in a classified 1948 report. It reads: "To supply evidence useful in the litigation arising from an alleged loss of a fruit crop several years ago, a number of problems have been opened. Since excessive blood-fluoride levels were reported in human residents of the same area, our principal effort has been devoted to describing the relationship of blood fluorides to toxic effects."

The litigation referred to and the claims of human injury were of course against the bomb program and its contractors. Thus the purpose of Program F was to obtain evidence useful in litigation against the bomb program. The research was being conducted by the defendants.

The potential conflict of interest is clear. If lower dose ranges were found hazardous by Program F, this might have opened the bomb program and its contractors to public outcry and lawsuits for injury to human health.

Lawyer Jacqueline Kittrell commented further: "This and other documents indicate that the University of Rochester's fluoride research grew out of the New Jersey lawsuits and was performed in anticipation of lawsuits against the bomb program for human injury. Studies undertaken for litigation purposes by the defendants would not be considered scientifically acceptable today because of their inherent bias to prove the chemical safe."

Unfortunately, much of the proof of fluoride's safety rests on the work performed by Program F scientists at the University of Rochester. During the post-war period, that university emerged as the leading academic centre for establishing the safety of fluoride as well as its effectiveness in reducing tooth decay, according to Rochester Dental School spokesperson William H. Bowen, MD. The key figure in this research, Bowen said, was Dr Harold C. Hodge-who also became a leading national proponent of fluoridating public drinking water.

THE A-BOMB AND WATER FLUORIDATION
Program F's interest in water fluoridation was not just "to counteract the local fear of fluoride on the part of residents", as Hodge had earlier written to Colonel Warren. The bomb program required human studies of fluoride's effects, just as it needed human studies of plutonium's effects. Adding fluoride to public water supplies provided one opportunity.

Bomb-program scientists played a prominent, if unpublicised, role in the nation's first-planned water fluoridation experiment in Newburgh, New York. The Newburgh Demonstration Project is considered the most extensive study of the health effects of fluoridation, supplying much of the evidence that low doses are allegedly safe for children's bones and good for their teeth.

Planning began in 1943 with the appointment of a special New York State Health Department committee to study the advisability of adding fluoride to Newburgh's drinking water. The chairman of the committee was, again, Dr Harold C. Hodge, then chief of fluoride toxicity studies for the Manhattan Project. Subsequent members of the committee included Henry L. Barnett, a captain in the Project's Medical Section, and John W. Fertig, in 1944 with the Office of Scientific Research and Development-the super-secret Pentagon group which sired the Manhattan Project. Their military affiliations were kept secret. Hodge was described as a pharmacologist, Barnett as a paediatrician. Placed in charge of the Newburgh project was David B. Ast, chief dental officer of the New York State Health Department. Ast had participated in a key secret wartime conference on fluoride, held by the Manhattan Project in January 1944, and later worked with Dr Hodge on the Project's investigation of human injury in the New Jersey incident, according to once-secret memos.

The committee recommended that Newburgh be fluoridated. It selected the types of medical studies to be done, and it also "provided expert guidance" for the duration of the experiment.

The key question to be answered was: "Are there any cumulative effects, beneficial or otherwise, on tissues and organs other than the teeth, of long-continued ingestion of such small concentrations?" According to the declassified documents, this was also key information sought by the bomb program. In fact, the program would require "long-continued" exposure of workers and communities to fluoride throughout the Cold War.

In May 1945, Newburgh's water was fluoridated, and over the next 10 years its residents were studied by the New York State Health Department.

In tandem, Program F conducted its own secret studies, focusing on the amounts of fluoride Newburgh citizens retained in their blood and tissues-information called for by the bomb program in connection with litigation. "Possible toxic effects of fluoride were in the forefront of consideration," the advisory committee stated. Health department personnel cooperated, shipping blood and placenta samples to the Program F team at the University of Rochester. The samples were collected by Dr David B. Overton, the department's chief of paediatric studies at Newburgh.

The final report of the Newburgh Demonstration Project, published in 1956 in the Journal of the American Dental Association,5 concluded that "small concentrations" of fluoride were safe for US citizens. The biological proof, "based on work performed...at the University of Rochester Atomic Energy Project", was delivered by Dr Hodge.

Today, news that scientists from the A-bomb program secretly shaped and guided the Newburgh fluoridation experiment and studied the citizens' blood and tissue samples is greeted with incredulity.

"I'm shocked...beyond words," said present-day Newburgh Mayor Audrey Carey, commenting on these reporters' findings. "It reminds me of the Tuskegee experiment that was done on syphilis patients down in Alabama."

As a child in the early 1950s, Mayor Carey was taken to the old Newburgh firehouse on Broadway which housed the public health clinic. There, doctors from the Newburgh fluoridation project studied her teeth, and a peculiar fusion of two finger bones on her left hand which she's had since birth. (Carey said that her granddaughter has white dental-fluorosis marks on her front teeth.)

Mayor Carey wants answers from the government about the secret history of fluoride and the Newburgh fluoridation experiment. "I absolutely want to pursue it," she said. "It is appalling to do any kind of experimentation and study without people's knowledge and permission."

When contacted by these reporters, the now 95-year-old David B. Ast, former director of the Newburgh experiment, said he was unaware that Manhattan Project scientists were involved. "If I had known, I would have been certainly investigating why, and what the connection was," he said. Did he know that blood and placenta samples from Newburgh were being sent to bomb-program researchers at the University of Rochester? "I was not aware of it," Ast replied. Did he recall participating in the Manhattan Project's secret wartime conference on fluoride in January 1944, or going to New Jersey with Dr Hodge to investigate human injury in the DuPont case, as secret memos state? He told these reporters he had no recollection of any such events.

Bob Loeb, a spokesperson for the University of Rochester Medical Center, confirmed that blood and tissue samples from Newburgh had been tested by the University's Dr Hodge. On the ethics of secretly studying US citizens to obtain information useful in litigation against the A-bomb program, he said: "That's a question we cannot answer." He referred inquiries to the US Department of Energy (DOE), successor to the Atomic Energy Commission.

Jayne Brady, a spokesperson for the Department of Energy in Washington confirmed that a review of DOE files indicated that a "significant reason" for fluoride experiments conducted at the University of Rochester after the war was "impending litigation between the DuPont company and residents of New Jersey areas". However, she added: "DOE has found no documents to indicate that fluoride research was done to protect the Manhattan Project or its contractors from lawsuits."

On Manhattan Project involvement in Newburgh, Brady stated: "Nothing that we have suggests that the DOE or predecessor agencies-especially the Manhattan Project-authorised fluoride experiments to be performed on children in the 1940s."

When told that these reporters have several documents that directly tie the AEP-the Manhattan Project's successor agency at the University of Rochester-to the Newburgh experiment, DOE spokesperson Brady later conceded her study was confined to "the available universe" of documents.

Two days later, Brady faxed a statement for clarification. "My search only involved the documents that we collected as part of our human radiation experiments project; fluoride was not part of our research effort."

"Most significantly," the statement continued, "relevant documents may be in a classified collection at the DOE Oak Ridge National Laboratory, known as the Records Holding Task Group. This collection consists entirely of classified documents removed from other files for the purpose of classified document accountability many years ago [and was] a rich source of documents for the human radiation experiments projects."

SUPPRESSION OF ADVERSE HEALTH FINDINGS
The crucial question arising from the investigation is whether adverse health findings from Newburgh and other bomb-program fluoride studies were suppressed. All AEC-funded studies had to be declassified before publication in civilian medical and dental journals. Where are the original classified versions?

The transcript of one of the major secret scientific conferences of World War II-on "fluoride metabolism"-is missing from the files of the US National Archives and is "probably still classified", according to the librarian. Participants in the January 1944 conference included key figures who promoted the safety of fluoride and water fluoridation to the public after the war: Harold Hodge of the Manhattan Project, David B. Ast of the Newburgh Demonstration Project, and US Public Health Service dentist H. Trendley Dean, popularly known as "the father of fluoridation".

A WWII Manhattan Project classified report (25 July 1944) on water fluoridation is missing from the files of the University of Rochester Atomic Energy Project, the US National Archives, and the Nuclear Repository at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. The next four numerically consecutive documents are also missing, while the remainder of the "M-1500 series" is present.

"Either those documents are still classified, or they've been 'disappeared' by the government," said Clifford Honicker, Executive Director of the American Environmental Health Studies Project in Knoxville, Tennessee, which provided key evidence in the public exposure and prosecution of US human radiation experiments.

Similarly, Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests lodged by these reporters over a year ago with the DOE for hundreds of classified fluoride reports have failed to dislodge any. "We're behind," explained Amy Rothrock, chief FOIA officer at Oak Ridge National Laboratories.

So, has information been suppressed? These reporters made what appears to be the first discovery of the original classified version of a fluoride safety study by bomb program scientists. A censored version of this study was later published in the August 1948 Journal of the American Dental Association.6 Comparison of the secret version with the published version indicates that the US AEC did censor damaging information on fluoride-to the point of tragicomedy. This was a study of the dental and physical health of workers in a factory producing fluoride for the A-bomb program; it was conducted by a team of dentists from the Manhattan Project.

The secret version reports that most of the men had no teeth left. The published version reports only that the men had fewer cavities.

The secret version says the men had to wear rubber boots because the fluoride fumes disintegrated the nails in their shoes. The published version does not mention this.

The secret version says the fluoride may have acted similarly on the men's teeth, contributing to their toothlessness. The published version omits this statement and concludes that "the men were unusually healthy, judged from both a medical and dental point of view".

After comparing the secret and published versions of the censored study, toxicologist Phyllis Mullenix commented: "This makes me ashamed to be a scientist." Of other Cold War-era fluoride safety studies, she asked: "Were they all done like this?"

Asked for comment on the early links of the Manhattan Project to water fluoridation, Dr Harold Slavkin, Director of the National Institute for Dental Research-the US agency which today funds fluoride research-said: "I wasn't aware of any input from the Atomic Energy Commission." Nevertheless, he insisted that fluoride's efficacy and safety in the prevention of dental cavities over the last 50 years is well proved. "The motivation of a scientist is often different from the outcome," he reflected. "I do not hold a prejudice about where the knowledge comes from."

About the Authors:
Joel Griffiths is a medical writer based in New York City. He is the author of a book on radiation hazards that included one of the first revelations of human radiation experiments, and has contributed numerous articles to medical journals and popular publications.
Chris Bryson, who holds a Master's degree in journalism, is an independent reporter for BBC Radio, ABC-TV and public television in New York City, and writes for a variety of publications.
The authors wish to thank Clifford Honicker, Executive Director of the American Environmental Health Studies Project, Knoxville, TN, for his indispensable archival research.

Resources:
Copies of 155 pages of supporting documents, including all the declassified papers referred to in this article, can be obtained from the following contacts for a small fee to cover copying and postage:

Cities all over the US purchase hundreds of thousands of gallons of fresh pollution concentrate from Florida - fluorosilicic acid (H2SiF6) - to fluoridate water.

Fluorosilicic acid is composed of tetrafluorosiliciate gas and other species of fluorine gases captured in pollution scrubbers and concentrated into a 23% solution during wet process phosphate fertilizer manufacture. Generally, the acid is stored in outdoor cooling ponds before being shipped to US cities to artificially fluoridate drinking water.

Fluoridating drinking water with recovered pollution is a cost-effective means of disposing of toxic waste. The fluorosilicic acid would otherwise be classified as a hazardous toxic waste on the Superfund Priorities List of toxic substances that pose the most significant risk to human health and the greatest potential liability for manufacturers.

Phosphate fertilizer suppliers have more than $10 billion invested in production and mining facilities in Florida. Phosphate fertilizer production accounts for $800 million in wages per year. Florida's mines produce 30% of the world supply and 75% of the US supply of phosphate fertilizers. Much of the country's supply of fluoro-silicic acid for water fluoridation is also produced in Florida.

Phosphate fertilizer manufacturing and mining are not environment friendly operations. Fluorides and radionuclides are the primary toxic pollutants from the manufacture of phosphate fertilizer in Central Florida. People living near the fertilizer plants and mines, experience lung cancer and leukaemia rates that are double the state average. Much of West Central Florida has become a toxic waste dump for phosphate fertilizer manufacturers. Federal and state pollution regulations have been modified to accommodate phosphate fertilizer production and use: These regulations have included using recovered pollution for water fluoridation.

Radium wastes from filtration systems at phosphate fertilizer facilities are among the most radioactive types of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) wastes. The radium wastes are so concentrated, they cannot be disposed of at the one US landfill licensed to accept NORM wastes, so manufacturers dump the radioactive wastes in acidic ponds atop 200-foot-high gypsum stacks. The federal government has no rules for its disposal.

During the late 1960s, fluorine emissions were damaging crops, killing fish and causing crippling skeletal fluorosis in livestock. The EPA became concerned and enforced regulations requiring manufacturers to install pollution scrubbers. At that time, the facilities were dumping the concentrated pollution directly into waterways leading into Tampa Bay.

A Phosphate Worse than Death

In the late 1960s, EPA chemist Ervin Bellack worked out the ideal solution to a monumental pollution problem. Because recovered phosphate fertilizer manufacturing waste contain about 19% fluorine, Bellack concluded that the concentrated "scrubber liquor" could be a perfect water fluoridation agent. It was a liquid and easily soluble in water, unlike sodium fluoride - a waste product from aluminum manufacturing. It was also inexpensive.

Fate also intervened. The aluminum industry, which previously supplied sodium fluoride for water fluoridation, was facing a shortage of fluorspar used in smelting aluminum. Consequently, there was a shortage of sodium fluoride to fluoridate drinking water.

For the phosphate fertilizer industry, the shortage of sodium fluoride was the key to turning red ink into black and an environmental liability into a perceived asset. With the help of the EPA, fluorosilicic acid was transformed from a concentrated toxic waste and a liability into a "proven cavity fighter."

The EPA and the US Public Health Service waived all testing procedures and - with the help of the American Dental Association (ADA) - encouraged cities to add the radioactive concentrate into America's drinking water as an "improved" form of fluoride.

The product is not "fluorine" or "fluoride" as proponents state: It is a pollution concentrate. Fluorine is only one captured pollutant comprising about 19% of the total product.

By 1983, the official EPA policy was expressed by EPA Office of Water Deputy Administrator Rebecca Hanmer as follows: "In regard to the use of fluosilicic (fluorosilicic) acid as a source of fluoride for fluoridation, this agency regards such use as an ideal environmental solution to a long-standing problem. By recovering by-product fluosilicic acid from fertilizer manufacturing, water and air pollution are minimized, and water utilities have a low-cost source of fluoride available to them."

A Hot New Property

In promoting the use of the pollution concentrate as a fluoridation agent, the ADA, Federal agencies and manufacturers failed to mention that it was radioactive. Whenever uranium is found in nature as a component of a mineral, a host of other radionuclides are always found in the mineral in various stages of decay. Uranium and all of its decay-rate products are found in phosphate rock, fluorosilicic acid and phosphate fertilizer.

During wet-process manufacturing, trace amounts of radium and uranium are captured in the pollution scrubber. This process was the subject of an article by H.F. Denzinger, H. J. König and G.E. Krüger in the fertilizer industry journal, Phosphorus & Potassium (No. 103, Sept./Oct. 1979) discussed how radionuclides are carried into the fluorosilicic acid.

While the uranium and radium in fluorosilicic acid are known carcinogens, two decay products of uranium are even more carcinogenic: radon-222 and polonium-210.

During the acidulation process that creates phosphoric acid, radon gas contained in the phosphate pebble can be released in greater proportions than other decay-rate products (radionuclides) and carried over into the fluorosilicic acid. Polonium may also be captured in greater quantities during scrubbing operations because, like radon, it can readily combine with fluoride.

In written communications to the author, EPA Office of Drinking Water official Joseph A. Cotruvo and Public Health Service fluoridation engineer Thomas Reeves have acknowledged the presence of radionuclides in fluorosilicic acid.

Radon-222 is not an immediate threat because it stops emitting alpha radiation and decays into lead-214 in 3.86 days. Lead-214 appears to be harmless but it eventually decays into bismuth-214 and then into polonium-214. Unless someone knew to look for specific isotopes, no one would know that a transmutation into the polonium isotope had occurred.

Polonium-210, a decay product of bismuth-210, has a half-life of 138 days and gives off intense alpha radiation as it decays into regular lead and becomes stable. Any polonium-210 that might be present in the phosphate concentrate could pose a significant health threat. A very small amount of polonium-210 can be very dangerous, giving off 5,000 times more alpha radiation than the same amount of radium. As little as 0.03 microcuries (6.8 trillionths of a gram) of polonium-210 can be carcinogenic to humans.

The lead isotope behaves like calcium in the body. It may be stored in the bones for years before turning into polonium-210 and triggering a carcinogenic release of alpha radiation.

Drinking water fluoridated with fluorosilicic acid contains radon at every sequence of its decay to polonium. The fresher the pollution concentrate, the more polonium it will contain.

As long as the amount of contaminants added to the drinking water (including radionuclides in fluorosilicic acid) do not exceed the limits set forth in the Safe Drinking Water Act, the EPA has no regulatory problem with the use of any contaminated products for drinking water treatment.

Big Risks: No Tests

Despite the increased cancer risk from using phosphate waste to fluoridate drinking water, the EPA nor the Centers for Disease Control have never commissioned or required any clinical studies with the pollution concentrate - specifically, the hexafluorsilicate radical whose toxicokinetic properties are different than the lone, fluoride ion.

Section 104 (I) (5) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) directs the Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, the EPA, the Public Health Service and the National Toxicology Program to initiate a program of research on fluoride safety. However, after almost 30 years of using fluorosilicic acid and sodium fluorosilicate to fluoridate the drinking water, not one study has been commissioned.

The fluoride ion only hypothetically exists as an entity in an ideal solution of purified water - and tap water is far from pure H2O. All clinical research with animal models is done using 99.97% pure sodium fluoride and double distilled or deionized water. Among the thousands of clinical studies about fluoride, not one has been done with the pollution concentrate or typical tap water containing fluorides.

Synergy Soup

The fluorosilicic acid is also contaminated with small traces of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, sulfates, iron and phosphorous, not to mention radionuclides. Some contaminants have the potential to react with the hexafluorosilicate radical and may act as complex ionic compounds. The biological fates and toxicokinetic properties of these complex ions are unknown.

The reality of artificial water fluoridation is so complex that determining the safety of the practice may be impossible. Tap water is chemically treated with chlorine, soluble silicates, phosphate polymers and many other chemicals. In addition, the source water itself may contain a variety of contaminants.

The addition of a fluoridation agent can create synergized toxicants in a water supply that have unique toxico-kinetic properties found only in that particular water supply. Consequently, any maladies resulting from chronic ingestion of the product likely would be dismissed as a local or regional anomaly unrelated to water fluoridation.

Technically, artificially fluoridating drinking water is a violation of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). Under statutes of the SDWA, federal agencies are forbidden from endorsing, supporting, requiring or funding the practice of adding any chemicals to the water supply other than for purposes of water purification. However, the Public Health Service (PHS) applies semantics to circumvent Federal law in order to promote and fund the practice.

PHS states that they only recommend levels of fluorides in the drinking water, and it is the sole decision of a state or community to fluoridate drinking water.

Federal agencies are forbidden from directly funding or implementing water fluoridation but Federal Block Grants are given to States to use as they see fit. Through second and third parties (such as the American Dental Association, state health departments and state fluoridation coordinators), PHS encourages communities to apply for Federal Block Grant funds to implement fluoridation.

The legality of using of Federal Block Grant funds to fund water fluoridation, a practice prohibited by Federal law, has never been addressed in the courts.

Vendors selling the pollution concentrate as a fluoridation agent use a broad disclaimer found on the Material Data Safety Sheet that states: "no responsibility can be assumed by vendor for any damage or injury resulting from abnormal use, from any failure to adhere to recommended practices, or from any hazards inherent to the product." [Emphasis added.]

The next time you turn on the tap and water gushes out into a glass, reflect on the following disclaimer from the EPA's 1997 Fluoride: Regulatory Fact Sheet: "In the United States, there are no Federal safety standards which are applicable to additives, including those for use in fluoridating drinking water."

George Glasser is a Florida-based writer whose work has appeared in Newlife, Whole Life Times, the Sarasota ECO Report and the Tampa Tribune.

___________________

Thursday, June 17th, 2004
The Fluoride Deception: How a Nuclear Waste By-product Made Its Way Into the Nation's Drinking Water

Journalist Christopher Bryson claims in his new book "The Fluoride Deception" that the post-war campaign to fluoridate drinking water was less a public health innovation than a public relations ploy sponsored by industrial users of fluoride - including the government's nuclear weapons program.[includes transcript]

-------------------------------

Hailed as a harmless chemical that would prevent tooth decay, new evidence shows how fluoride could be linked to serious health problems.

Fluoridation was first advanced in the US at the end of the second World War. Proponents argued that fluoride in water and toothpaste would help to protect teeth and prevent decay. Over the following decades, fluoride was added to public water supplies across the country.

While the benefits of fluoridation have been held to be unquestionable, accumulating evidence points to a frightening prospect: that fluoride may have serious adverse health effects, including infant mortality, congenital defects and IQ.

Now a new book, titled "The Fluoride Deception" by Christopher Bryson examines the background of the fluoridation debate. According to Bryson, research challenging fluoride's safety was either suppressed or not conducted in the first place. He says fluoridation is a triumph not of medical science but of US government spin.

Christopher Bryson, has reported science news stories for many media outlets including the BBC, Christian Science Monitor and the Discovery Channel. He was part of an investigative team at Public Television that won a George Polk Award for "The Kwitny Report."

--------------------------

AMY GOODMAN: Today we will talk about this new book "The Fluoride Deception" by Christopher Bryson. It looks at the background of the fluoride debate. According to Chris, research changing fluoride safety was either suppressed or not conducted in the first place. He says it is a triumph not of medical science, but of U.S. Government spin. He joins us in the studio. Welcome to Democracy Now!

CHRISTOPHER BRYSON: Thank you for having me.

AMY GOODMAN: Can you just give us the history? Is it all over this country and why is it there?

CHRISTOPHER BRYSON: It's in about two thirds of the water supply in the united states. However, the united states is virtually alone in the addition of fluoride to its water supplies and 98% of western Europe, for example, don't add fluoride to the water supplies in many communities. Countries there which have fluoride in the water have taken it out. The theory behind fluoride is that the addition of fluorides to water supplies will give you less cavities in your mouth. And that's been the prevailing wisdom of the public health establishment since 1950 when they signed off on that. My book "The Fluoride Deception," challenges you or requires you to think of fluoride differently. The book under the secret history of this book is premised on 10 years of investigative work going into the archives of the United States Manhattan Project, going into --

AMY GOODMAN: The making of the atomic bomb.

CHRISTOPHER BRYSON: Yes, the Manhattan Project with the World War II, very secret project to make the atomic bomb. I went to industry archives, a very large, significant industry archive out at the University of Cincinnati and found that the very same health researcher , Dr. Robert Kehoe who headed up the laboratory at the University Of Cincinnati, he spent his entire career telling the United States 'S public health community that adding lead to gasoline was safe. That's now being discredited. He was also one of two leading public health scientists saying that adding fluoride to water was safe and good for children. So, that's the -- some of the material that this book gets into.

JUAN GONZALES: The common understanding that many of us have in this country is that there's been sort of a persistent, anti-fluoridation move independent this country, but it has been considered like the fringes of American society. Could you talk a little bit about how the development of the atomic bomb would involve in the whole fluoride campaign?

CHRISTOPHER BRYSON: Absolutely. Yeah. I mean, that's -- it's a media swirl, Juan, as the grassroots citizen movement against water fluoridation of t hat fact came into being almost immediately .... the public health service had been against adding fluoride to water for years. In 1950, they did a complete about-face, a flip flop. And the citizens across the country were outraged that this rat poison was going to be added to the water supplies. Today the fluorides that goes in our drinking water is almost exclusively raw industrial pollution from the Florida Phosphate Industry. It's a waste that's scrubbed from the smokestacks and trucked in tankers and dumped into reservoirs. That is a raw industrial poison.

AMY GOODMAN: Wait a second. Rat poison?

CHRISTOPHER BRYSON: Yes. Sodium chloride is used as a rat poison for a long time.

JUAN GONZALES: But, again, the connection to the atom bomb.

CHRISTOPHER BRYSON: Sure. Atom bomb. Yeah. Sure. Let me get back to the -- in fact, the movement against fluoridation is a precursor to the movement of today. It has many political hues, many different groups, conservatives, liberals, republicans across the board and it was led not by nut cases, but by scientists and doctors with long-established pedigrees safe guarding public health . The leading scientist opposing water fluoridation was a man by the name of Dr. George Waldbott. He warned the United States about the dangers of cigarette smoking and the allergic reaction to penicillin. This is the background. It is not a fringe movement. It is being marginalized by the media and hasn't been well reported on. My book attempts to address that. The Manhattan Project, I mentioned one leading fluoride researcher, scientist, Robert Kehoe, the second was the name, a fellow a scientist by the name of Dr. Harold Hodge. For most of the Cold War , Dr. Hodge was the leading scientist assuring the nation of the safety and effectiveness of adding fluoride e to water supplies. Dr. Hodge had his public hat, he had his private hat. He was the senior toxicologist for the Manhattan Project to build the world's first atomic bomb. Fluoride is a key ingredient in industry used for making aluminum. It's used for making steel. It is used for producing high-octane gasoline, to name a few industries the dental story is a minor story. The real issue is pollution outside these industrial plants and pollution inside the plants. Industries are on the hook for millions and millions of dollars for potential damage for injuries to workers. There's a medical study commissioned by industry at the University Of Cincinnati . In the 1950's which shows that fluoride is profoundly injurious to lungs and lymph nodes in experimental animals. That study was buried. The significance of that study, had it been shown to the standard setters, the fluoride that men and women workers in these industrial plants breathe, the threshold levels would have been set much lower. That is a crime. What that means is that tens of thousands of workers in factories have been injured as a result of this suppression of this medical information. Anyway, to return to your question. The Manhattan Project needed fluoride to enrich uranium . That's how they did it. The biggest industrial building in the world, for a time, was the fluoride gaseous diffusion plant in Tennessee the Manhattan Project and Dr. Hodge as the senior toxicologist for the Manhattan Project, were scared stiff less that workers would realize that the fluoride they were going to be breathing inside these plants was going to injury them and that the Manhattan Project, the key -- the key of U.S. Strategic power in the Cold War Era, would be jeopardized because the Manhattan Project and the industrial contractors making the atomic bomb would be facing all these l lawsuits from workers, all these lawsuits from farmers living around these industrial plants and so Harold Hodge assures us that fluoride is safe and good for children. Very hard to get a public doctor, an expert witness in a court to say if it's good for children. How can it be harmful for workers?

JUAN GONZALES : In essence, the uranium and fluoride that was necessary for enriching of the uranium and produced this by-product and obviously this waste of fluoride in my mind it sounds very similar to the issue of depleted uranium , again, being a by-product of the nuclear industry and the need then to sanitize these waste products from our nuclear industry, for the public to get rid of them in other words , right? So, it's -- could you talk a little bit about the role of Edward Béarnaise, ,the father of propaganda or public relations in America in convincing the public about this?

CHRISTOPHER BRYSON: Yeah. Edward Béarnaise is a legendary figure in the 20th century. He was Sigmund Freud's nephew and Béarnaise, he was married to a feminist and he was very attune to the liberal currents in the 20th century and he was a Machiavellian genius. He is the father of public relations. He understood that you could harness that liberal sentiment for commercial gain and he had women march in 1916, he had Suffragettes march in The 1916 Easter Parade In New York City holding cigarettes as torches of liberty. He was working for the American Tobacco Company and George Hill. He was -- so, my book "The Fluoride Deception," uncovers for the first time correspondence between Béarnaise and the New York City Health Commissioner, Dr. Leona Baumgartner in which he says that helping out on the fluoride campaign in New York in the early 1960's interested him because it related to problems of engineering consent. So he was the Wizard of Oz behind the curtain.

AMY GOODMAN: We only have a minute to go. I wanted to ask how fluorides ended up in the water of each community where did the decision get made and how did those debates play out?

CHRISTOPHER BRYSON: The public health service endorsed it in 1950 and by and large, it is not given over to referendum. This is a democracy issue. When it is submitted to the votes, far more often than not, voters give it the thumbs down. Mostly it is by fiat or dictate. In New York City, for example it was the board of estimates that signed up for it, that gave it the green light. So, that's --

AMY GOODMAN: Where does it come from?

CHRISTOPHER BRYSON: Fluoride?

AMY GOODMAN: Where do they ship it in from? Do they have to dump it on a regular basis in the reservoirs?

CHRISTOPHER BRYSON: Yeah the fluoride comes up -- we were talking about 9/11. Since 9/11, there has been a lot of concern about the safety of these fluoride tankers. So toxic are the contents of the fluoride tankers coming from the Florida Phosphate Industry to New York City or all over the country that there is a fear that the tankers hijacked.

AMY GOODMAN: Christopher Bryson, we have to leave it there. Author of "The Fluoride Deception." This is Democracy Now!

To purchase an audio or video copy of this entire program, click here for our new online ordering or call 1 (888) 999-3877.

· Unprofessional activity in South Africa
Read more news from South Africa

Note from FAN: Tony Carnie, the journalist who authored the following articles, was CNN's African Health/ Medical Journalist of the Year in 2000. According to CNN's website, Carnie won the award for his work on the "links between cancer and pollution." According to CNN, Carnie's "usage of state records and extensive statistics that the average reader could benefit from is quite commendable. Personal stories and comments from officials make the entry come alive in a way that brings urgency to a prevailing problem." http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/africa/africanawards/winners00.html

THE Pelindaba nuclear/chemical complex - set up by the apartheid government in the 1960s to produce atomic bombs and enriched uranium fuel - is set to become the major supplier of hundreds of tons of fluoride which will be added to drinking water throughout the country from next year.

In terms of health department regulations, water suppliers like Umgeni Water will be compelled to add fluoride to tap water in towns and cities nationwide, in a bid to reduce tooth decay.

In its concentrated form, fluoride is highly toxic. Yet it has been added in diluted form to the drinking water of many Americans for fifty years, to harden tooth enamel.

However, most European countries do not allow fluoridation of water, and many dentists and scientists around the world are back-tracking on their earlier support of fluoridation because of mounting evidence that it may do more harm than good to human health.

In America, most of the fluoride added artificially to water supplies originates from chimney stacks, as a waste by-product of the fertilizer industry.

This week, the health department declined to reveal where South Africa's fluoride would come from. Oral health director Dr Johan Smit argued that the quality of the fluoride was more important than its origin.

When pressed by The Tribune, he disclosed that most chemicals would most likely come from Pelchem, which is a subsidiary of the Nuclear Energy Corporation of South Africa (NECSA), located in the Pelindaba nuclear complex west of Pretoria.

Though aluminium smelting and fertilizer companies in South Africa produce large quantities of fluoride as a waste-product, Pelchem is believed to be the only local company able to supply enough fluoride for the nationwide water-dosing campaign.

The company's ability to provide this highly-corrosive chemical stems from its long history of producing and handling the vast quantities of hyrdro-fluoric acid needed for the enrichment of uranium nuclear fuel. Fluoride, in acid form, was a raw material which helped Armscor and the old Atomic Energy Corporation produce highly-enriched uranium for its top-secret atomic weapon programme. Between 1977 and 1989, at least six "gun-type" nuclear devices were built, and an underground explosion test site was prepared in the Kalahari desert.

However, large quantities of fluorine products from the Pelchem facility were also sold to local and foreign industries - for use in glass-etching, insecticides or leather preservatives.

Pelchem commercial manager Eddie Valkenbergh, was at pains this week to stress that fluoride produced at Pelindaba was a raw material, rather than a radioactive by-product of nuclear fuel. It was produced from locally-mined fluorspar, mixed with sulphuric acid.

To get additives for drinking water, the Pelchem acid stocks would be treated with silica sand to produce fluorosilicic acid - which would be added to water at a diluted concentration of 0,7 parts per million. Pelchem stands to boost annual revenue of about R130 million by at least 10% if it corners the local water fluoridation market.

Valkenbergh said his company's fluoride would meet American water works standards, and was a "purer" form of the chemical than fertilizer or aluminium industry supplies.

But Dr Hardy Limeback, former president of the Canadian Association for Dental Research, and head of preventive dentistry at the University of Toronto, says the Pelchem supplies could not be regarded as pharmaceutical grade medicine.

Limeback, one of several former fluoride advocates who have changed their minds, has written to President Mbeki urging him to set up a fluoridation panel to review whether or not South Africans are especially susceptible to the harmful effects of fluoride.

Limeback - who apologized to his campus and students some years ago for his previous support of fluoride - says fluoride is a known poison if ingested over a long period of time, even in small daily doses.

He said research by University of Stellenbosch researchers (Loue AJ and Grobler SR (2002, J Dent Res) reported that in some regions already containing fluoride naturally, dental decay rates increased with increasing dental fluorosis.

FOR MORE INFORMATION ON THE FLUORIDE ISSUE:

PRO-FLUORIDE: The South African national fluoridation committee has published a pamphlet entitled 'Community Water Fluoridation: The Facts" (available from the national health department) or visit the America Dental Association website ( www.ada.org )

"I USED to be an ardent advocate of fluoridation . . . I had been taught, and believed, that there was really no scientific case against fluoridation, and that only misinformed lay people and a few crackpot professionals were foolish enough to oppose it . . . By 1983 I was thoroughly convinced that fluoridation caused more harm than good." - Dr John Colquhoun, former pro-fluoride advocate and principal dental officer of Auckland, New Zealand.

"These people who oppose fluoridation are basing their arguments on emotion, not science . . . but I think it would do more harm than good for me to get into a public debate with them." - Dr Johan Smit, South African head of oral health.

"THOSE who believe fluoride works are entitled to their opinion. That is their right. But they have no right to force others to drink or use fluoride against their will, especially in the face of so much credible evidence of harms . . . The only people who truly benefit from the widespread use of fluoride for "dental" purposes are the big industries that generate fluoride as a waste product. - Prof David R. Hill, University of Calgary, Canada

"THE evidence is quite convincing that the addition of sodium fluoride to the public water supply at one part per million is extremely deleterious to the human body . . . Prior to my hearing this case, I gave the matter of fluoridation little if any, thought but I received quite an education, and noted that the proponents of fluoridation do nothing more than try to impugn the objectivity of those who oppose fluoridation." - Supreme Court Justice J.P. Flaherty and former chairman of the Pennsylvania Academy of Sciences, who granted a court interdict against fluoridation in 1978.

Fluoride
Adverse Health Effects

The International Academy of Oral Medicine and Toxicology has classified Fluoride as an unapproved dental medicament due to its high toxicity.

Fluoride was found to be an equivocal carcinogen by the National Cancer Institute Toxicological Program.1

"Fluoridation is not a Communist Plot; it is an attempt by industry to camouflage their deadliest pollutant, with government officials and Madison Avenue advertisers beating the drums. The fluoridation empire is like a castle built on quicksand." Gladys Caldwell, author, "Fluoridation and Truth Decay", 1974.

1900 The existence of the smelting industry in Germany and Great Britain is threatened by successful lawsuits for fluorine damage and by burdensome laws and regulations.

1907 The smelters in Freiburg, Germany (see 1893) are identified as the cause of crippled cattle in the area since 1877, and fluorides are identified as the culprit.

1916 The first evidence of brown mottling of teeth is reported in the United States, and would be eventually found to be caused by fluorides in water.

1922 Aluminum production (along with production of toxic by-product sodium fluoride) increases. Aluminum cookware is mass introduced in the US, beginning the gradual accumulation of aluminum in the brains of Americans. Additional aluminum is injected into society in "antacids" and toothpaste tubes, which aggravate the action of toxic fluorides.

1928 The equivalent of the U.S. Public Health Service is under the jurisdiction of Treasury Secretary Andrew W. Mellon, a founder and major stockholder of ALCOA aluminum, a major producer of toxic fluoride wastes. Mellon would step down from control of the Public Health in 1931.

1928 Edward L. Bernays, nephew to Sigmund Freud, writes the book Propaganda, in which he explains the structure of the mechanism which controls the public mind, and how it is manipulated by those who wish to create public acceptance for a particular idea or commodity. Says Bernays, "those who manipulate this unseen mechanism of society constitute an invisible government which is the true ruling power of our country. Our minds are molded, our tastes are formed, largely by men we have never heard of." Bernays represents another connection to Germany and would be essential in the fluoride campaign in the United States. Wrote Bernay's, "if you can influence group leaders, either with or without their conscious cooperation, you automatically influence the group which they sway." (See Bernay's, 1947, and the fluoride campaign).

1930 Kettering Laboratory is founded from gifts from Ethyl Corporation, General Electric and DuPont (all who have interlocking relationships with I.G. Farben in Germany) to "investigate chemical hazards in American industrial operations" under contract, with provision that research "shall not be released to the public without the consent of the contracting company." During the mid-20th century, Kettering dominated the medical literature on the toxicology of fluorides, but information was not released into the public domain.

1931 A considerable portion of Kettering Laboratory's facilities are dedicated to the study of fluorides. Under contract, the studies are not releasable to the public. (See also 1939, Mellon Institute)

1931 Three independent groups of scientists determine that fluoride in the water is the cause of dental mottling. Research teams from ALCOA Aluminum (who have fluorides as a hazardous by-product of aluminum manufacture) and the University of Arizona. Also shown by North African investigators and others. Dr. Gerald Cox of the Mellon Institute, owners of ALCOA, would later solve the expensive disposal problem with toxic fluorides by convincing others that it could be dumped in the public water supply as a "preventative" for tooth decay.

1931 Under an agreement with I.G. Farben, ALCOA accepts a restriction on the production of magnesium in the U.S, hampering the war effort, while Germany itself stepped up production. Most of the U.S. production was shipped out of the country to Germany.

1931 Public Health Service dentist H. Trendley Dean is dispatched by ALCOA founder Andrew Mellon to certain remote towns in the Western U.S. where water wells have a naturally high concentration of calcium fluorides. Dean's mission would be to find out how much fluoride people could physically tolerate before obvious visible damage to their teeth. Dean publishes a purposely skewed and deceptive study which purports to show that at 1ppm, fluorides result in the "reduction of tooth decay". (See Gerald Cox, 1939)

1931 The Mellon Institute is ALCOA's Pittsburgh research lab.

1931 From 1931 to 1939, the U.S. Public Health Service seeks to remove fluorides from water supplies because of endemic mottled teeth. ALCOA's fluoride proposals have not been bought into by the public or government yet.

1933 A study is published in which it is shown that fluorides inhibit the action relative to lipase on ethyl acetate in vivo 50 percent at a concentration of one part in 15 million. (McClure, F.J., "A Review of Fluorine and its physiological effects", Physiological Review, 13: 295-297, July 1933).

1933 According to a study by Freni in 1994 (71), in 1933 and again in 1984 that fluorides produce cumulative generational effects on biological organisms.

1937 U.S. Public Health Service publishes material indicating that fluoride concentrations in many U.S. cities varied between 0.6 ppm to 8.0 ppm. A concentration of 0.9 ppm means that over 10% of children have mottled teeth and tooth deformities.

1937 A clinical hygienic study by K. Roholm in 1937, Fluoride Intoxication, published by H.K. Lewis, London. Roholm is convinced that fluorides cross the placental barrier into the foetus. (70). This realization is echoed in 1951 by an M.D. and chemist from the University of Oregon Medical School.

1938 Dr. Wallace Armstrong and P. J. Brekhus at the University of Minnesota Department of Biochemistry publish a study in which they claim that the enamel of sound teeth had a significantly greater fluoride content than the enamel of teeth with cavities. Armstrong was to admit that these results were false. In a follow-up study in 1963, Dr. Armstrong found no difference in the fluoride contents of the enamel of sound or decayed teeth.

1938 The University of Mexico Bulletin, August 1, 1938, in an article entitled "Menace of Fluorine to Health", states "Solutions of sodium fluoride with a fluoride content as low as one part in 15 million may inhibit the action of the lipase (pancreatic juice) as much as 50 percent."

1939 The ALCOA company, the world's largest producer of sodium fluoride, transfers it technology under the Alted Agreement to Germany. Dow Chemical follows suit.

1939 ALCOA-sponsored biochemist Gerald J. Cox fluoridates rats in his lab and mysteriously concludes that "fluoride reduces cavities". He makes a public proposal that the U.S. should fluoridate its water supplies. Cox begins to tour the United States, stumping for fluoridation.

1939 On September 29, 1939, Mellon Institute scientist Gerald J. Cox plays a major role in the promotion of fluoridation by saying "the present trend toward removal of fluorides from food and water may need reversal. Water engineers had been recommending a maximum allowable fluoride contaminant level of 0.1 part per million (ppm), maintaining a tenfold margin of safety. (When fluorides were eventually added to water through corporate pressure, that safety factor would be thrown out and the level raised tenfold beyond the engineering recommendations in 1939, when fluoride was properly recognized as a toxic contaminant. Note: Mellon Institute was founded by Andrew and Richard Mellon, former owners of ALCOA Aluminum, plagued by disposal problems of toxic fluoride by products. ALCOA also had a relationship with I.G. Farben in Germany)

1939 U.S. Public Health Service regulations state "the presence of fluorides in excess of 1 ppm shall constitute rejection of the water supply." (Yet, when water fluoridation is instituted, levels are set at a minimum of 1 ppm)

1939 Volume 9 Report to the House Un-American Activities Committee delves deeply into the alleged use of fluoridation to keep the American people docile, so they would accept the changing of their system of government to a socialist state.

1942 "Fluorine may cause anoxia in the newborn and shorten the period of their survival" Ref: Himwich, H.E., et al., American Journal of Physiology, 1942.

1942 Germany becomes worlds largest producer of aluminum (and Sodium Fluoride). Fluoride is used in the concentration camps to render the prisoners docile and inhibit the questioning of authority.

1943 Researchers from the US Public Health Service examine the health of residents of Bartlett, Texas to see if the 8ppm fluoride in the drinking water was affecting their health. It was checked again in 1953. They find that the death rate in Bartlett was three times higher than a neighboring town which contained 0.4 ppm fluoride.

1943 A special New York State Health Department Committee is appointed to study the advisability of adding fluoride to Newburg's drinking water, chaired by Dr. Hodge, then chief of fluoride toxicity studies for the Manhattan Project.

1943 The Journal of the American Medical Association on September 18, 1943, contains an article, "Chronic Fluorine Intoxication", which states, "fluorides are general protoplasmic poisons, changing the permeability of the cell membrane by inhibiting certain enzymes. The exact mechanism of such actions, it was said, are obscure. The sources of fluorine intoxication are drinking water containing 1ppm or more of fluorine, fluorine compounds used as insecticidal sprays for fruits and vegetables (cryolite and barium fluoro- silicate) and the mining and conversion of phosphate rock to superphosphate, which is used as a fertilizer. That process alone releases approximately 25,000 tons of pure fluorine into the atmosphere annually. Other sources of fluorine intoxication is from the fluorides used in the smelting of many metals, such as steel and aluminum, and in the production of glass, enamel and brick."

1943 Environmental pollution by toxic metals, including fluorides, affects forests, livestock, and urban residents, but coverage remains on local levels.

1944 "Even at 1ppm, fluoride in drinking water poisons cattle, horses and sheep" (Moules, G.R., Water Pollution Research and Summary of Current Literature, 1944.

1944 The city manger of Grand Rapids, Michigan announces that the Michigan State Department of Health is planning a long range experiment with fluoridated water and that Grand Rapids was selected as the location for the experiment. The city commission approves a motion to fluoridate on July 31, and decides it is to begin in January 1945, despite the warning issued three months earlier, ironically, by the American Dental Association. Grand Rapids becomes the first city in the United States to conduct this experiment. It was to serve as the test city to be compared against un-fluoridated Muskegon for a period of ten years relative to tooth decay, "at which time it would be determined whether or not fluoride was "safe and effective." Dr. H. Trendley Dean was put in charge of the project. The experiment was terminated early, after the control city was fluoridated, ruining the validity of the experiment, with the pronouncement that fluorides in public water supplies was "safe". See 1945.

1944 The Pentagon Scientific Research and Development Group further pursued the project to fluoridate the drinking water of Newburg, New York. Members included Henry L. Barnett, a captain in the Manhattan Project medical section, John W. Fertig, SRDG, Dr. Hodge, and David Ast, chief dental officer of the New York State Health Department, who was placed in charge of the Newburg Project. The group sought information on cumulative effects, which was also a goal of the Manhattan Project. (See below)

1944 Through 1948. Previously classified documents from Manhattan Project which indicate the government knew the physiological and psycho-behavioral effects of fluorides, as a result of studies connected with determining the effect of uranium hexafluoride processing on workers, as well as studies in defense of litigation against the project by tree growers who experienced fluoride damage from airborne pollutants connected with the project. Ref: Declassified documents from the National Archives published in 1997.

1944 An April 29, 1944 Manhattan Project memo, released in 1997, states "Clinical evidence suggests that uranium hexafluoride may have a rather marked central nervous system effect, with mental confusion, drowsiness and lassitude as the conspicuous features... it seems that the fluoride component is the causative factor....since work with these compounds is essential, it will be necessary to know in advance what mental effects may occur after exposure, if workmen are to be properly protected. This is important not only to protect a given individual, but also to prevent a confused workman from injuring others by improperly performing his duties". Ref: Previously classified SECRET Manhattan Project Memo, 29 April 1944, declassified and released from the National Archives.

1944 Oscar Ewing is put on the payroll of the Aluminum Company of America ALCOA), as an attorney, at an annual salary of $750,000. In 1947, Ewing was made Federal Security Agency Administrator, with the announcement that he was taking a big cut in salary. The US Public Health Service, then a division of the FSA, comes under the command of Ewing, and he begins to vigorously promote fluoridation nationwide. Ref: May 25-27 Hearings before the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. A by-product of aluminum manufacture is toxic sodium fluoride. Ewings public relations strategist for the fluoride campaign was the nephew of Sigmund Freud, Edward L. Bernays. Bernays conducts a public relations campaign to promote fluorine ingestion by applying Freudian theory to induce public acceptance. It was one of Bernays most successful campaigns.

1944 The October 1944 issue of the Journal of the American Dental Association cautions that "knowledge of the subject does not warrant the introduction of fluorine in community water supplies generally. Sodium fluoride is a highly toxic substance, and while its applications in safe concentrations, and under strict control by competent personnel, may prove to be useful therapeutically, under other circumstances it may definitely be harmful. To be effective, fluorine must be ingested into the system during the years of tooth development, and we do not yet know enough about the chemistry involved to anticipate what other conditions may be produced in the structure of the bone and other tissues of the body generally. We do know that the use of drinking water containing as little as 1.2 to 3.0 ppm of fluorine will cause such developmental disturbances in bones as osteosclerosis, spondylosis, and osteopetrosis, as well as goiter, and we cannot run the risk of producing such serious systemic disturbances in applying what is at present a doubtful procedure intended to prevent development of dental disfigurements among children ... because of our anxiety to find some therapeutic procedure that will promote mass prevention of caries, the seeming potentialities of fluorine appear speculatively attractive, but, in the light of our present knowledge or lack of knowledge of the chemistry of the subject, the potentialities for harm far outweigh those for good."

1945 An FDA Chief inspector discovers that fluorides are being added to beer by the Commonwealth Brewing Company of Massachusetts (the same state where they did experimental fluoride treatments on institutionalized children). The owner of the brewery was arrested and subjected to a Federal jury trial for poisoning the beer. The indictment charged that the beer contained "an added poison or deleterious poison, fluoride, which was unsafe within the meaning of the statute (Section 301a of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act), since it was a substance not required in the production of the beer, it could have been avoided by good manufacturing practice." The fact was established that the fluoride was added in the concentration of 0.5 ppm. The jury was instructed that fluoride was established to be harmful and poisonous, and that it was unimportant to show how much beer it would take to demonstrate harmful effects. Beer was classified as a food and fluoride as a poison in 1945. The Commonwealth Brewery Company was slapped with a $10,000 fine, and Kaufmann, the owner, was given a 6 month suspended jail sentence and a three year probation period.

1945 Newburgh, New York has their water supply fluoridated in May 1945. Subsequent exams of the children by x-ray reveal that almost 14% have cortical defects in bone, compared to the nearby unfluoridated town of Kingston, where 7.5% have bone defects. The data is suppressed. In tandum, Project F (connected with the Manhattan Project) conducted their own studies of Newburg residents, focusing on the amounts of fluoride Newburg residents retained in the tissues and blood - key information sought by the bomb program, according to previously classified documents released in 1997. See 1956.

1945 The newspaper Philadelphia Record, 18 October 1945, reveals an article entitled "First Bomb Suit for Ruined Peaches filed by Salem County Growers for $400,000" details suits against chemical manufacturers connected with the Manhattan Atomic Bomb Project for hydrogen fluoride damage to peach groves. Companies involved were DuPont de Nemours (which has been interacting with I.G. Farben in Nazi Germany), the Sun Oil Company and the General Chemical Company.

1945 The government does a public test case of fluoridation, comparing fluoridated Grand Rapids with unfluoridated Muskegon, Michigan. The study is to last ten years. After one year, it becomes obvious to the government that fluorides do not conform to their public propaganda, and the study is terminated. The city of Muskegon is then fluoridated in 1947 to conceal the difference in effect. Other experiments are performed covertly on population areas, without the knowledge of the subjects.

1945 Covert experiments with fluorides are conducted in Massachusetts and in Connecticut between 1945 and 1946 on indigent, mentally retarded children at state-run schools. According to 1954 testimony of Florence Birmingham, a trustee of the Wrentham State School in Massachusetts, her schools administration learned only by accident that fluorides were being put in the drinking water.

1946 A letter from the U.S. Engineer Office, Manhattan District, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, to Colonel Warren, Manhattan Project, 1 May 1946, regarding a trip to the DuPont plant, discusses the fluoride damage to the environment. The letter also states "Would there be any use in making attempts to counteract the local fear of fluoride on the part of residents of Salem and Gloucester counties through lectures on fluoride toxicology and perhaps the usefulness of fluoride in tooth health?" Letter signed by Harold C. Hodge, who was also involved in the Newburgh, New York experiments. Ref: Previously classified SECRET Manhattan Project Letter, 1 May 1946, declassified and released from the National Archives in 1997.

1946 An issue of Medical Biochemistry contains a research study by Everetts which indicates that blood clotting may be affected by fluorides.

1946 Reports from the House Committee on Un-American Activities in the Armed Forces for 1946 and 1947 reveal the dociling effect of fluorides in the water supplies at military bases on American troops.

1946 Water fluoridation proponents claim no benefits for people over 9 years of age, promising the magic effect of fluorides occurred prior to eruption of teeth. Despite this claim, all U.S. military reservations, populated by adults, were heavily fluoridated.

1946 Six more U.S. cities "allowed" to fluoridate their water supplies.

1947 ALCOA lawyer Oscar Ewing is appointed head of the Federal Security Agency, later HEW, a position that places him in charge of the Public Health Service. Under Ewing, a national fluoridation campaign rapidly materializes, spearheaded by the Public Health Service. Over the next three years, 87 additonal cities were fluoridated, including the control city of Muskegon in the original Michigan experiment, thus wiping out the most scientifically objective test of safety and "benefit" before the test was half over. Ewing's public relations strategist for the fluoride campaign was Edward L. Bernays, Sigmund Freuds nephew, who pioneered Freudian theory toward advertising and government propaganda. (See Bernay's, 1928 and his book Propaganda). Because of Bernay's people would be induced to forget that fluorides were toxic poisons. Opponents to the fluoride program were painted as "deranged". In 1996 they would be painted as "civil rights activists".

1947 Forrestal appointed Secretary of Defense. Asked to resign in 1949 after noting forces planning the war in Korea. See 1949. Later murdered. Forrestal was very much opposed to the use of fluorides on military bases to keep the troops docile. (York Daily Times, Letters to the Editor from former FBI agent Wesley C. Trollope, Omaha, Neb., March 17, 1967).

1948 Study done in England where bone defects in three groups of school boys were studied. Two groups were from districts where the water supply was practically free of fluorine. The third group was from the town of Launton, where the natural water supply contains 1ppm of fluorine (the same as the level deemed "safe" by the U.S. Public Health Service). X-ray examination revealed that 20 percent of the first two groups had mild non-specific spinal irregularities. In the third group, the one consuming 1ppm fluoride in their water, 64% were found to have spinal defects, and lesions were more severe.

1948 A censored version of the Manhattan Project fluoride safety study is published in the August 1948 Journal of the American Dental Association. Comparison with the previously classified version in 1997 indicates that the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission did censor damaging information on fluorides. Ref: Fluorides, Teeth and the Atomic Bomb, 1997.

1948 John McCone becomes Secretary of Defense of the United States. McCone gives contracts to Standard Oil and Kaiser Aluminum, in which he already has financial interests. Aluminum manufacture by-products, fluorides, would be added to the population water supplies to induce submission by damaging the brain and stem resistance to domination by global socialism.

1950 The 24th edition of the U.S. Dispensatory (pp 1456-1457)defines fluorides as "violent poisons to all living tissue because of their precipitation of calcium. They cause fall of blood pressure, respiratory failure, and general paralysis. Continuous ingestion of non-fatal doses causes permanent inhibition of growth ... the use of fluoride-containing dentifrices and internal medicants is not justified." In subsequent editions, the editors removed this entire portion. Why? Science and biology doesn't change. Political agendas do.

1950 The publication Science features research by C.W. Sheppard which indicates that fluorides "lower haemoglobin and may cause irreversible loss of potassium from the red cells."

1950 Alcoa Aluminum's Vancouver, Washington plant is found guilty of dumping 7,000 pounds of toxic fluorides each month into the Columbia River. According to the December 15, 1952 Seattle Times, "the fluoride contaminated the grass and forage and resulted in injury and death to cattle." See 1957 (Alcoa).

1950 The U.S. Public Health Service officially publicly endorses the concept of the addition of fluorides to public water supplies.

1950 The Seventh Annual Report of the Sugar Research Foundation recognizes sugar as the major cause of tooth decay. The SRF furnishes grants to the Harvard Department of Nutrition to "solve the tooth decay problem without restricting sugar consumption". The result of these grants was the advocating of water fluoridation.

1950 From 1950 to 1951, ALCOA advertises sodium fluoride for addition to water supplies.

1950 The Seventh Annual Report of the Sugar Research Foundation (130 corporations) expresses its "aim in dental research" : to discover means of controlling tooth decay by methods other than restricting sugar intake. Two institutions most aggressive in promotion of water fluoridation, the Dental Schools of Harvard and the University of Rochester, receive large grants for fluoride research from the sugar industry.

1950 Soviets add fluorides to water in prison system to maintain subservience in the inmate population, affect the central nervous system and produce compliance with authority. Fluorides shipped from the US via Alaska, starting in the 1940's, to the Soviets for use in their Gulag prison system. The U.S. continues to promote addition of fluorides to public water supplies.

1950 In the Journal of the American Dental Association, Vol 40:440, April 1950, was a study by G.J. Cox and H.C. Hodge, "Toxicity of Fluorides in Relation to Their Use in Dentistry", which says, "Some of the basic and necessary metabolic processes in the cell are stopped by concentrations of fluorides such as are found in acute poisoning. These changes are comparable to those seen in high-grade anoxia and are the basis for describing fluorides as general protoplasmic poisons." Study also quoted in JADA Nov 1962, pp.687-688.

1951 The February 10, 1951 issue of JAMA Medical Literature reports the following symptoms of chronic fluoride poisoning, stating "Chronic intoxications resulting from prolonged intake of smaller amounts of fluorides include dental fluorosis. Fluoride also tends to accumulate in bones, leading to hypercalcification and brittleness. Ligaments and tendons also become calcified. Serious symptoms may ensue, such as loss of mobility of joints, easy fractures and pressure on the spinal chord. Other effects include baldness in young men, accompanied by increased fluoride concentrations in hair and nails, anaemia and decreased blood clotting power due to the binding of calcium. Dysmenorrhea, alterations in growth and weight, lowered birth rate, high incidence of fractyre, thyroid alterations and liver damage have been observed in regions of endemic fluorosis."

1951 The U.S. Public Health Service, with the cooperation of the American Dental Association, holds a meeting of state dental directors at which the methods for promotion of fluoridation were outlined. Thus the USPHS formed an alliance with medical trade unions and industry to promote the addition of toxic fluorides to the public water supplies. A concentration of 1.2 ppm was suggested, and state dental directors were instructed to lie to the public about the toxic effects of sodium fluoride, deliberately misinform the public by relating the presence of "high-fluoride areas" to "less cancer and less polio" - an entire public relations campaign meant to convince the public to allow themselves to be medicated - just like the inmates in Soviet and German prisons and camps. Their technique was not to refute the thing but to show that the opposite was true, even if the opposite was not true. Ref: Proceedings of the 1951 meeting in Washington D.C.

1952 After Dr. A.L. Miller, former Nebrasks Health Commissioner, became a Congressman, and found he had been bamboozled by the former highly paid attorney for Alcoa Aluminum, Oscar Ewing (who later founded Triangle Research Park) into helping fluoridate the water of Washington, D.C., Miller revealed at a Congressional Hearing, reported in the March 24, 1952 Congressional Record, how he had been misled. He wondered aloud about how Mr. Ewing became Federal Security Administrator and whether Alcoa "might not have a deep interest in getting rid of the waste products from the manufacture of aluminum products". Miller asked Dr. John D. Porterfield of the U.S. Department of Agriculture if studies had been done to see what fluorides might do to pregnant women. Porterfield replied, "They have different objectives in mind, sir. There is more money available for matters that have economic value than there is for health."

1952 The American Dental Association publishes an issue of its Journal instructing its dentists not to discuss their personal opinions about fluoride.

1952 From 1952 to 1956, the cities on the "fluoridation list" began to fluoridate their water supplies. As the process of water fluoridation continued, the cancer death rate of the fluoridated cities began to far exceed the rate of the unfluoridated cities.

1952 San Francisco begins to fluoridate its public water supplies.

1952 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania begins to fluoridate its water supplies. On Oct 15, 1967, the Pittsburg Press would report that 98% of the school children 13-15 years of age had crooked teeth in Pittsburgh.

1952 During February through April 1952, dental officers from England visit the United States, including the National Institute of Dental Health in Bethesda, Maryland, and the ADA headquarters in Chicago. Host of the visit are Surgeon General Scheele and Assistant Surgeon General Knutson. All four members of the British committee are "convinced", and return to England.

1952 U.S. "Public Health" officials Dr. Dean, Dr. Arnold and McClure concentrate their efforts to introduce fluoridation into Australia and New Zealand.

1952 Congressional representative from Nebraska, Dr. A. L. Miller, who was also the Chairman of the Special Committee on Chemicals and Foods, comments on the fact that within 3 months the USPHS, who did not endorse fluoridation of public water supplies, suddenly reversed course and promoted it very heavily. Dr. Miller said he could not find any public evidence that the AMA, the ADA and other health agencies had done any work at all on researching the safety, but were in fact just endorsing each other's opinions in support of the program. Miller noted that all scientific experts in biochemistry had advised the "go-slow" sign relative to fluoridation of public water. Dr. Miller expressed the fact that he wondered whether of not ALCOA and its subsidiary companies might not have a deep interest in getting rid of waste products from the making of aluminum. Dr. Miller also stated that it was interesting to note that Oscar Ewing, who headed up the Federal Security Administration (at the time the parent organization for the U.S. Public Health Service) was connected with the legal firm of Hubbard, Hill and Ewin, who also represent ALCOA. [Later, dentists who opposed administration of toxic fluorides to patients were censured or lost their membership to the ADA (beginning around 1960); scientists who came out with evidence of fluorides dangerous nature were personality and publicly denigrated by the ADA and USPHS, and the research (often far better and more rigorous) was portrayed by the ADA and USPHS as being faulty or irrelevant; those who opposed fluoride could not get or keep USPHS grants; public health officials who disagreed lost their jobs. Meanwhile, the ADA, USPHS and fluoride producing industry continued in the conspiracy to defraud the public by claiming fluoridation was "absolutely safe". It is estimated that since the time fluorides have been added to the food, water and air in the early 20th century, over 130 million Americans have suffered chronic fluoride poisoning, accelerated aging and degenerative disease - all due to fluoride products which they are encouraged to consume. It continues, despite the evidence, because fluorides also are behavior modifiers for the population - chemical mind control with built-in money-making degenerative capabilities.]

1952 82nd Congress, 2nd Session, Hearings of the Select Committee to Investigate Use of Chemicals in Food and Cosmetics. Dr. Miller "The US Dental Assn made some examination and recommended to the farmers that fluorine not be added to the water of pregnant sows because it did something to the pigs that were unborn" Dr. Porterfield "There is more money available for matters that have economic value than there is for health."

1953 Dr. Max Ginns of Worchester, Massachusetts, circulates a petition against water fluoridation, signed by 119 dentists and 59 medical doctors who oppose the use of fluorides. Ginns was dropped from the state dental society in 1961 because of this effort.

1953 It is learned by Miss Florence Birmingham, who testified before the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce hearings on the fluoridation of water, that the state of Massachusetts has been doing fluoride experiments at state institutions for the feebleminded, including Wrentham, Fernald and Belchertown on the orders of the state health department. All of this a clear violation of the Nuremberg Pact.

1953 The May 14, 1953 issue of the AMA publication Today’s Health contains an editorial in which it is stated, "Because the matter of water fluoridation is so exclusively a dental project, no experimental work has been carried out on this by medical professions. It is our understanding that this matter has been gone into extensively by the American Dental Association..."

1954 Charles E. Perkins, the scientist sent by the U.S. to Germany after World War II to supervise the breakup of I.G. Farben, states, "the real purpose behind water fluoridation is to reduce the resistance of the masses to domination and control, and loss of liberty."

1954 Denver begins fluoridation of its public water supplies.

1954 A study is published which links fluorides and the development of cancer in animals. Ref: A Taylor, "Sodium Fluoride in the Drinking Water of Mice", Dental Digest, Vol 60, pp170-172.

1954 In 1954, the Christian Science Monitor surveyed all 81 Nobel Prize winners in the fields of chemistry, medicine and physiology on their opinion regarding water fluoridation. Seventy-nine percent failed to endorse water fluoridation, which the promoters claim is endorsed by all "reputable" scientists.

1955 An Oregon Federal Court tries the case of Martin v. Reynolds Metals, in which the Martin farm had been contaminated by fluorides from the aluminum plant. ALCOA and six other metals and chemical companies join Reynolds as "friends of the court" to get the decision reversed when the court finds in favor of the Martins. The Reynolds attorney contends "if allowed to stand, the verdict would become a ruling case, making every aluminum and chemical plant liable to damage claims from fluoride and heavy metal pollution simply by operating. Despite all this, the Martins won, and Reynolds finally made the case moot by buying the Martin's ranch for a large sum.

1955 Dr. Heinrich Hornung, a German health officer and one of Europe’s most dedicated advocates of water fluoridation, comes to the U.S. in an attempt to refute evidence of fluoride toxicity.

1955 From 1955 to 1957, K.K. Paluev, a brilliant General Electric Company research and development engineer, was the first to point out that the statistics relative to the studies done in Grand Rapids, Michigan; Newburgh, New York and other cities touted as "reducing decay by 65%" those promoting fluoridation show a delay in eruption of teeth, due to the fluoridation, and that the claimed "65 percent reduction in tooth decay" were obtained partially by tabulating unerupted teeth as "sound" teeth. According to a statistical analysis later in 1959, paid for by the University of Melbourne, every fluoridation experiment done, as far as statistics are concerned, abound in contradictions, discrepancies, and omissions of pertinent data, and lack of adequate controls. (Fluoridation Errors And Omissions in Experimental Trials, by Philip R.N. Sutton, D.D.Sc., L.D.S. (Senior Research Fellow, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Dental School, University of Melbourne, in collaboration with Sir Arthur B.P. Amies, Dean of the Dental School, University of Melbourne, Australia). In other words, every experimental trial in the world claimed to justify the belief that fluorides prevent dental caries is fraudulent, and can be proved fraudulent. For extreme detail on this matter, consult "The Greatest Fraud: Fluoridation", by Philip R. Sutton, 1996, Kurunda Pty, Ltd, P.O. Box 22, Lorne, Australia 3232. ISBN 0-949491-12-8.

1955 Fluoride toothpaste is marketed with the warning that "fluoridated toothpaste should not be used where the water supply is fluoridated." A later decision stipulated that "children under 6 should not use Crest". Both warnings were instituted by the Public Health Service, but in 1958 both regulations were abandoned, even though no research was available to show that the fluoride overdose hazard no longer existed.

1955 Dr. William Wolf, a clinical professor at New York University School of Dentistry, observes four cases of poisoning from drinking fluoridated water. After verifying the diagnosis, he warns colleagues. The Dean of the University then informs him that his teaching services will no longer be required. Wolf informs the Dean that he will go public with this, and the Dean drops the matter.

1956 Maurice Natenburg, medical writer and managing editor of Regent House, publishes a pamphlet entitled The Fluoride Curtain, in which he states "The AMA endorsed fluoridation just after their successful fight against an Ewing-sponsored bill to introduce socialized medicine in the United States. The AMA made a special assessment on its members, spending some $3 million in the battle to defeat the bill. After the battle was over, the AMA suddenly saw the 'merits' of water fluoridation." See 1961 AMA disapproval of fluoridation.

1956 March 1956 issue of the Journal of the American Dental Association, H.C. Hodge remarks, "skeletal deposition of fluoride is a continuing process in which a considerable portion of the ingested fluoride, perhaps 25 to 50%, is deposited in the skeleton."

1956 The final report of the Newburg, New York demonstration project is published in the Journal of the American Dental Association, concluding that "small concentrations" of fluoride were safe for U.S. citizens. The biological "proof", based on work performed at the University of Rochester Atomic Energy Project, was delivered by Dr. Hodge.

1956 Ionel Rapaport, French endocrinologist at the Psychiatric Institute of the University of Wisconsin, ascertains the birthplace of all mongoloid children in Wisconsin, North Dakota, South Dakota and Illinois, and grouped them together according to the published fluoride content of the municipal drinking water. Tabulating the 687 urban cases, he finds a two-fold statistically significant greater prevalence or risk of mongoloid births in communities with 1 ppm or more in the water. Using Van Valens formula reveals a combined statistical probability of less that 1 in 125,000 that the correlations from all four states are due to chance. The incidence of the birth defect increases as the fluoride content of the water increases. This is the only study of its kind to include maternal data. See 1959, second study on Down's Syndrome and fluoridated areas). [Bulletin of the Academy of National Medicine, Paris, Vol 140, pp.529-531].

1956 American Psychoanalytical Association study on sleep disturbances was convened, showing how the profession responded to various neurological disturbances emerging in society. Since the connection between changes in brain chemistry and external substances had been replaced by psychology, it made it extremely difficult (according to Gershwind in 1982) to accept that there are instances in which difficulties in emotional adjustment are the primary result of alterations in the brain.

1957 The American Medical Association announces "no evidence has been found since the 1951 statement to prove fluoridated water at the recommended concentration of fluoride is harmful to the general health.". See JAMA Medical Literature, 1951.

1957 Feltman and Kosel find that 34 of 38 leading Vitamin and mineral supplements have as much as 286 micrograms of fluoride in them. [Feltman R., et al, "Fluoride in Pharmaceutical Preparations", NorthWest Medicine, Vol 55, pp.663-1664, June 1956.]

1957 The FDA tolerance for insect sprays on 60 fruits and vegetables allows 7 ppm fluorides. DeEds writes, " it is a well-established fact that chronic intoxication may manifest itself in man as recognized abnormalities only after constant, or frequent exposure to fluorides. " [ Official FDA Tolerances for Residues of Pesticide Chemicals, National Agricultural Chemicals Assn News and Pesticide Review, Vol 15, pp.5-14, May 1957 ].

1957 Controversial statement from Oliver Kenneth Goff, June 22, 1957, a member of the Communist Party and the Young Communist League from May 2, 1936 to October 9, 1939, reveals he testified before the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1939, as to the implementation of the fluoridation of American public water supplies in the same way they used it as a brain tranquillizer at Soviet prison camps. Goff reflected that the Party leaders felt that it would bring about lethargy in the U.S, and keep the public docile during a steady encroachment of Communism. Also discussed, says Goff, was keeping a store of deadly fluoride near the water supplies where during a time of revolt it could be dumped wholesale into the water supply and either kill off the populace, or threaten them with liquidation, so that they would surrender to obtain fresh water. (See Ref#64,65). Sworn statement in Arapahoe Country, Colorado, notarized. (Ref: Fluoridation, by Isabel Jansen, R.N, 1990, ISBN 0-932298-73-7, page 128, Tri-State Press, Antigo, Wisconsin 54409)

1957 An experiment is done at the Montreal Neurological Institute by William Scoville and Brenda Miller removed the hippocampus from a man suffering from epilepsy in an attempt to stop the attacks. (See 1994 scientific report on the effect of sodium fluoride on the brain and behavior, and the hippocampus). The subject in this historical case, H.M., lost the ability to remember recent events. Almost 28 years after the operation, for H.M. a typical day's activities included doing crossword puzzles and watching television, although he does not remember where he lives, who cares for him, or what he ate at his last meal. (Neurobiology, 1994)

1957 In a 1957 AMA report it was stated " It is too early to know what the effects of artificial fluoridation will be. What is reported as a reduction in dental decay may in fact be a delay in recognition of decay, and reasons given for believing that artificially fluoridated water will have the same effects as water with natural fluoride are not valid."

1957 The September 1957 issue of Northwest Medicine featured an article by Thomas E. Douglas, M.D., entitled "Fluoride Dentifrice and Stomatitis", where Dr. Douglas explains his puzzlement over the increasing frequency of patients with oral lesions. He discovered that all patients with lesions used fluoridated toothpaste.

1957 Alcoa Aluminum Company announces the sale of sodium fluoride (rat poison) directly to municipalities for fluoridation of drinking water. When it became obvious that phosphate fertilizer companies could sell toxic fluorides cheaper, Alcoa was priced out of the fluoride dumping market.

1957 Records for New Britain, Connecticut (where the use of industrial fluorides had been in use for 6 years) showed that some of the children's teeth had been damaged beyond repair where the water is fluoridated, even when the percentage of industrial fluorine is kept at or below 1 ppm, mottling is produced in 10-15% of the children examined. Mottled teeth are teeth showing symptoms of fluorosis, and the enamel of mottled teeth is brittle and subject to mechanical injury which is difficult or impossible to repair.

1958 In April 1958, the Association of American Physicians and Surgeons, with more than 15,000 members, most of whom are also members of the American Medical Association, pass a resolution in opposition to fluoridation, which states "The Association condemns the addition of any substance to the public water supply for the purpose of affecting the bodily or mental function of the consumer."

1958 Dr. F.J. Stare of Harvard University gives a speech in Needham, Massachusetts, promoting "fluoride as a nutrient", citing the research done by Maurer and Day. Dr. Fred Exner takes him to task, pointing out that the study by Maurer and Day was called "The Non-Essentiality of Fluoride in Nutrition", and that animals fed a fluoride-poor diet could produce no symptoms of "fluoride deficiency". Journal of Nutrition, 62, 561-573,1957. Dr. Stares' fraudulent claims are still be quoted as 'facts", although he recanted his claim that "fluorides will benefit or cure bone disease" in the April 6, 1972 Boston Herald Traveler.

1958 Fluoridation is introduced experimentally in the West German town of Kassel by special dispensation of the Minister of Health. The fluoridation plant would be taken out of service in April 1, 1971 as a result of legal and health considerations.

1958 In October 1958, Dr. J.F. Montague, a medical doctor, published material reflecting his growing concern over fluoridation in the Journal of the International College of Surgeons connecting the presence of fluorine in the human body to cancer. Also in 1958, an interesting piece of work was done by Dr. James Kerwin, a dentist, in which it was shown that the simultaneous presence of fluorine and strontium 90 in the human body may result in a greater accumulation of both substances in which compounds like strontium fluoride are formed. Because of the low solubility of these substances, the body has a very hard time getting rid of them. His report was published in Dental Digest in February 1959.

1958 The World Health Organization (WHO) establishes an Expert Committee in Geneva to study fluoridation. At least 5 out of 7 members of the committee had promoted fluoridation in their respective countries. [The deck was already stacked]. Two well-known American proponents were Dr. J.W. Knutson and Professor H.C. Hodge. Hodge had some of his research financed by the Atomic Energy Commission, which was confronted with serious fluoride disposal problems from uranium processing. Another member promoting fluoridation, Professor Yngve Ericsson from Sweden, a prominent advocate of fluoridation in Europe, was the recipient of a U.S. Public Health Service grant and received royalties from Sweden's toothpaste industry. Research documenting poisoning from fluoridated water was rejected. See 1969, WHO Endorsement of fluorides]

1959 Rapaport does a second study on fluoridation and birth defects in Illinois from 1950 to 1956. The study is reported in 1959. The data indicated a highly significant association between the frequency of Down's Syndrome and the fluoride content of the mother's drinking water.

1959 In the report of the proceedings of the 3rd Medical-Dental Conference on the Evaluation of Fluoridation, held on March 7, 1959 in New York City, the committee concluded that "It is apparent that the practice of fluoridation is not the simple is not the simple, trustworthy procedure that the promoting authorities have given the profession and the public to believe. Added to the lack of control of fluorides at the consumers tap are these major uncertainties: the gross variation in individual water consumption, the varied intake of fluorides in food and the fluoride intake from atmospheric and occupational exposure. These unpredictable issues make meaningless any talk about "controlled individual fluorine intake." Most, if not all of this research has been buried by the authorities, who maintain glibly that "fluoride compounds are safe in the water supply". Wilful criminal negligence and conspiracy.

1959 Fluorides were used as an enzyme inhibitor in a study by J.D. Ebert that was published in 1959 on the metabolic pathways by which organs in an embryo are formed. In low concentrations, he found that sodium fluoride blocked almost completely the regions destined to form muscle, primarily affecting the heart muscle. In higher concentrations, it caused the entire embryo to disintegrate in a clear-cut pattern, starting with the heart-forming region.

1959 As early as 1959, the knowledge existed that the presence of fluoride in human bodies hastens the absorption of radioactive substances present in the environment. In a report to the Atomic Energy Commission's Division of Biology and Medicine entitled "The Metabolism of Alkaline Earth Metals by Bone" by F.W. Lengemann, professor of chemistry at the University of Tennessee on March 23, 1959, it was scientifically shown that the presence of fluorine and other environmental substances such as lead and cyanide in the human body increased the ratio of strontium 90 to calcium in bone - caused the body to absorb radioactives.

1959 In 1959, the Ontario Minister of Health, Dr. Dymond, announced that no further fluoridation would be permitted there, because "no one knows for sure what the effect is to persons given fluoride throughout a lifetime."

1959 In research conducted on the incidence of Mongolism in cities in Wisconsin, Illinois and the Dakotas published in 1959 in the official publication of the French Academy of Medicine, it was found that as the percentage of fluorides in the water rose, there was a parallel rise in the incidence of Mongoloid births the age of the mothers giving birth to Mongoloid babies also declined with rising fluoride levels. It is interesting that in the first three years of fluoridation, New Britain, Connecticut experienced a 150% rise in still births.

1960 In 1960, the American Dental Association issued a pamphlet for public consumption called Fluoridation Facts: Answers to Criticisms of Fluoridation. In defense of the use of toxic fluoride compounds in public water supplies (which is a grievous crime against humanity, since it means mandated involuntary public medication), they used the logic that "people have been known to live to a ripe old age" in areas where the water supply is fluoridated. Unfortunately, they neglected to mention that the addition of fluoride to the water supply correlated directly with the number of still births, mongoloid children, brittle teeth and enlarged dental root structures, adverse spinal conditions, osteomalacia (softening of the bones) and osteoporosis (abnormally porous and spaced structure inside bone) in the medicated population as opposed to control populations that were unmedicated. People die young "at a ripe old age".

1960 A study is done in Japan that involved examination of fluoride deposition in the foetuses of dogs. It was found that the quantity of deposited fluorine was especially large in bones, largest in the cranial bone as well as the lower leg bone. The quantity of fluorine deposition was parallel with the progression of the calcification. They also proved that the deposit of fluorine on teeth and bones starts through the placenta as early as the embryo period, and then takes place through the mothers milk through the infancy period, and through food, as well as directly through the inside of the oral cavity. As fluorine is a known active enzyme poison, it is known to affect cell division (mitotic) in the foetus, resulting in anatomical anomalies (teratism).

1960 The committee on fluoride meets in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr. G.E. Hall guides the deliberations. His daughter was employed by an aluminum corporation with fluoride pollution problems, he was himself serving as honorary advisory director for a leading fluoridation promotion organization, and his university (University of Western Toronto) was the recipient of grants from the U.S. Public Health Service. (three conflicts of interest). Fluoridation of all public water supplies in Canada was advocated.

1960 In San Francisco on November 29, 1960 a 200-foot portion of a 50-foot wide street collapsed after an almost-new water main burst. After an analysis of the pipe by Griffin-Hasson laboratories in Los Angeles, it was discovered that fluoridation chemicals had corroded the pipe, which showed a fluoride concentration of 22,000 ppm on the pipe.

1961 Sweden's Supreme Court declared fluoridation illegal.

1961 The legal department of the American Medical Association issues a letter stating, "The AMA does not engage in the approval, endorsement, guarantee or acceptance of unfluoridated water or fluoridated water."

1961 In Great Britain, Dr. R. A. Holman of the Royal Institute of Pathology discussed fluoride poisoning in an article in the April 15, 1961 issue of the British Medical Journal. He noted that the long-term effects of sodium fluoride ingestion needed much more investigation, and continued, "Fluoride is a well-known inhibitor of several enzyme systems, and can form spectroscopically recognizable compounds with the enzyme catalase, resulting in its inhibition. Catalase poisoning has been linked with the development of viruses and the causation of a number of diseases, including cancer. Many observers have suggested that the agents (fluorides and other toxic environmental substances) which decrease the catalase the cells may predispose those cells to tumor formation. Voisin has said, "the method most likely to solve the problem of cancer is to ask why the cancer cell is lacking in catalase and try to prevent its impoverishment from taking place.

1962 A study in Portugal revealed that fluoride at 1ppm concentration caused a 25% decrease in activity of the enzyme succinic dehydrogenase in liver tissue, both in test tubes and in animal experiments. In vivo, fluoride at 1ppm inhibited liver activity by 6.4 percent. In kidneys this enzyme activity was reduced by 47.8 percent by fluoride at 1ppm in drinking water. The authors concluded, "significant enzyme inhibition due to prolonged fluoride administration demonstrates the impairment of an important step in cellular metabolism". (Sullivan, W.D.,S.J., and Von Knobeledorff, A.J., Broteria Serie de Ciencias Naturais, Lisbon, 21, No.1, 1962).

1962 Dr. John Knutson of the U.S. Public Health Service examines cancer death rates following the fluoridation of the public water supplies of Grand Rapids, Michigan. He found a 22% increase in cancer death rates, contrasted to the unfluoridated control city of Muskegon, itself fluoridated 5 years into the "15 year test" in order to conceal the greater caries prevalence in Grand Rapids. Ref: Fluoride Drinking Waters p.213 (1962).

1962 According to the 1962 Revision of Drinking Water Standards, the safety factor for fluoride in drinking water was listed as "zero". (Water and Its Impurities, Thomas Camp: Reinhold, New York). According to the author, "the threshold for mottled enamel overlaps the recommended concentration for artificial fluoridation".

1962 According to the November 1962 Journal of the American Dental Association, from 10% to 20% of the children in fluoridated Grand Rapids, Michigan, developed mottled or fluoresced teeth.

1962 Noted cancer researcher Dr. Ludwig Gross, whose work on leukaemia is invaluable in cancer research and whose findings prompted a governmental crash program, was put on report after writing: "The plain fact is that fluoride is an insidious poison - harmful, toxic, and cumulative in its effects, even when ingested in minimal amount, will remain unchanged no matter how many times it will be repeated in print that 'fluoridation of the water supply is safe'". This 'defection' was pointed out to Dr. Gross' superiors in the US Public Health Service. However, a Veterans Administration official replied on September 24, 1962: "Dr. Gross is free to offer his opinion in any relation he may desire, but he does not speak for the Veterans Administration on the subject of fluoridation. This agency is not opposed to the fluoridation of public water supplies."

1963 A study is published which links fluorides and development of cancer in animals. Ref: Irwin Herskowitz and Isabel Norton "Increased Incidence of Melanotic Tumors...Following Treatment with Sodium Fluoride", Genetics, Vol 48, pp307-310.

1963 J.R. Shapiro, M.D., National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, in the October 31, 1963 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine, observed that the concept of extending low-dose fluoride "currently employed in preventing dental caries in children 'to include adults in the hope of preventing future osteoporosis' is largely unsupported by available data". See 1971.

1964 The Ministry of the Interior of Denmark issues a public announcement "fluoridation of public water supplies as well as of all consumables is prohibited". Denmark bans fluoride supplements in January 1964.

1964 As of April 1964, accounts in local newspapers showed that 200 cities had discontinued fluoridation after they found that fluoridation did cause harmful effects to humans, animals and fish; that it did corrode plumbing; and that the cost was more than stated by proponents.

1964 A report in the British Dental Journal carried in the Philadelphia Bulletin on November 8, 1964, stated that a four-year experiment involving 1,000 English children had been abandoned because no significant differences were found in terms of caries between fluoride toothpastes and non-fluoridated ones. The British test was an independent trial by university professors, and all statistics were treated by independent statisticians. In contrast, in the United States, those experimental trials which used statistics featured statistical work done by the toothpaste manufacturers or by firms which were paid by the manufacturers, or by dental organizations. Such experiments are invalid.

1964 Scientific information is published on the Paradoxical Effect of the biological effect of chemical toxins, in an article by Shatz et al. That is the response increases with time and then diminishes with even higher doses. In other words there is not a linear relationship between dose and effect. This means that there is no threshold below which fluorides and radiation, for example, are harmless. This also applies to the electromagnetic effects on human biology. [Shatz, A., et al, "The Occurrence and Importance of Paradoxical Concentration Effects on Biological Systems", Compost Science, Vol 5, p.22-30, Spring 1964; Shatz, A., "Low Level Fluoridation and Low-Level Radiation - Two Case Histories of Misconduct of Science", by A. Schatz, Ph. D, Philadelphia, 1996]

1965 The November 1965 issue of the Journal of the American Dental Association, contains a section listing the names of individuals who oppose fluoridation, along with denigrating information, charging that people are distributing leaflets misrepresenting sodium fluoride as rat poison ... which of course it is.

1965 A study is published which links fluorides to cancer in animals. Ref: A. Taylor and N. C. Taylor, "Effect of Fluoride on Tumor Growth", Proceedings of the Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Vol 65, pp252-255.

1965 Researchers at the University of Texas, Drs. Alfred and Nell Taylor, find that fluoride in the drinking water at levels between 0.5 and 1.0 ppm increased tumor growth rate in cancer-prone mice by 15-25%, inhibiting the efforts of the immune system to attack tumors.

1965 When asked about the advisability of adding sodium fluoride to table salt, the FDA on July 12, 1965 answered, "We would consider the addition of sodium fluoride to table salt as a violation of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act."

1966 The National Health Federation publishes a book entitled Fluoridation, in which it is reported "the effect on fluorides on trout was toxic. In water samples with fluoride levels between 0.5 and 4.6 ppm from airborne fumes, trout eggs were worthless...there were malformations ... loss of adult fish was very great." Based on August 25, 1961 case in which the Meader Hatchery near Pocatello, Idaho, obtained a judgment in the U.S. Court of Appeals against the Simplot Company, which was releasing airborne fluorides, polluting fish production.

1966 A study at Texas A&M University demonstrates that fluoride causes genetic damage to onions and tomatos.

1966 The International Society for Research on Nutrition, Vital Substances and the Diseases of Civilization (founded by Dr. Albert Schweitzer in 1954) approves a strong resolution (No.39) advising local and state governments against fluoridation. The resolution stated, among other things, that "fluoride is an enzyme poison which can cause irreversible and unpredictable diseases." The action is supported by more than 98 percent of the Society's 400-member Scientific Council, of which more than half hold appointments in major world academic institutions in over 75 countries. [ Fluoridation and Truth Decay, 1974, Caldwell, p.285 ]. After Schweitzers death, Linus Pauling attempts to get the Society to reverse its position on fluorides, but the Society responded by reaffirming its antifluoridation position in two succeeding years. Despite this effort by hundreds of world scientists not beholding to the USPHS for grant money, the U.S. Public Health Service continued its fluoridation propaganda on American citizens.

1966 In May 1966, the Los Angeles Water and Power Department took it upon itself to call a meeting in an effort to get Los Angeles water fluoridated. The effort ended when legal counsel informed the water department that they had no jurisdiction over fluoridation. Word of the meeting brought throngs of people protesting the addition of toxic fluorides to the water supply. After the meetings ended, the City Council then called for a fluoridation hearing to begin on July 21, 1966 at which councilman Tom Bradley (later mayor of Los Angeles) was to introduce the fluoridation resolution. Dr. Louis Bullock, president of the Los Angeles branch of the American Cancer Society touted the new cancer drug 5-Fluoracil as "one of the most effective drugs used to treat and control cancer", stating that they 'safely' gave cancer patients 150 to 500 mg of fluoride a day", and that "it strengthened the bones". [Yet, the 1965 Modern Drig Encyclopaedia and Therapeutic Index Pharmaceuticals, Biologicals and Allergens contains a three-column listing of disastrous effects from 5-Fluoracil, one of them being "fatalities may be encountered occasionally in patients in relatively good condition". In March 31, 1972, the Los Angeles Herald Examiner headlined a story "Scientist Hots Cancer Drug 'Overkill' ", which stated that 5-Fluoracil as a cancer treatment represents a case of classic overkill which does more harm than the cancer itself." In other words, Bullock was either naive or he lied at the July 21, 1966 meeting ]. See 1969 LA Times.

1966 In February 1966, Dr. Robert Felix, former Director of the National Institute of Mental Health, addresses a fluoridation conference of 500 national leaders. He doesn't speak of the dental health of children, but instead about the "mental health of opponents of fluoridation". In his speech, "The Care and Handling of Extremists", Dr. Felix offered the "fact" that "all opponents of fluoridation are mentally deranged, one way or another". He instructed proponents of fluoridation on "how to recognize and cope with the various categories of opponents". The Proceedings of this mad Symposium can be found in the February 10th and 14th, 1966 issue of the Congressional Record. Dr. Arthur Fleming, former Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare, was at the meeting. He suggested that "we need a 365-day-a-year educational program for schools", and suggested that "students might go home and talk fluoridation up at the dinner table". Programs in schools were then implemented where children were used as shills and messengers of propaganda for fluoridation. Several superintendents of schools in the Los Angeles area indicated that they would not take part in such a program.

1966 Testimony presented by John J. Miller, Ph. D, Chicago, Illinois at fluoridation hearings in San Jose, California on March 11, 1966, included the following statement: "Fluoride acts to tie up magnesium - forming magnesium fluoride - an insoluble compound which thus prevents the essential enzyme from using magnesium. As a result, mental processes are seriously interfered with, and nerve reactions throughout the body depressed ... this sort of toxicity is shown by research to play a role in epileptic seizures and other convulsions." [Ref: Fluoridation and Truth Decay, 1974, p.93]

1966 On April 22, 1966, Dr. F.J. McClure of the National Institute of Dental Research stated that according to their studies, "neither fluoridated toothpaste not topical application with stannous fluoride is found to be of benefit in reducing the incidence of children's cavities".

1966 The Federal Drug Administration bans fluoride pills for pregnant women in October 1966, according to Drug News Weekly. The FDA ban was accompanied by the statement that "fluorides use did not impart stronger teeth or prevent tooth decay in the newborn" and that "there is scientific debate as to whether fluorides might aggravate mental retardation and Mongolism in the offspring". Prior to this ban, millions of fluoride supplement tablets were used by pregnant women on recommendation of the Public Health Service and promoters of fluoridation.

1967 Fluoride pills are generally available free to children from dentists. See 1971.

1967 The U.S. Surgeon General, testifying before the Senate Subcommittee on Air Pollution and Water Pollution, declares that an investigation of environmental fluoride was urgent "to determine whether health is indeed threatened and what control measures may be necessary."

1967 An FDA statement dated June 19, 1967, informed that "the treatment of community water supplies is not subject to regulations under laws administered by the Food and Drug Administration, nor by any other Federal Agency. It is strictly a matter for decision by the community officials or under local ordinances."

1967 The July 1967 Annals of Allergy reported dermatitis and gastro-intestinal conditions from fluoridated toothpaste; and headaches, fever, and blood in stools from Tri-Vi-Flor given to children.

1968 In the January 1968 issue of the Journal of the Louisiana State Medical Society, Dr. C.C. Bass writes, "I now believe that continued ingestion of fluoride actually increases the activity of the already existing periodontoclasia."

1968 Emmanuel Landau, Ph.D., Statistical Advisor for the Center of Air Pollution Control, admits that fluoride pollution poses a potential danger to humans, saying "anything we don't know about constitutes a potential hazard. We know almost nothing about fluoride pollution. There is a great need for more research." [Note: Here we see the repeated lie that "little is known about fluoride pollution", despite the fact that there are probably more studies and more articles written on fluoride toxicity than on any other poison.]

1968 A study at the University of Missouri shows that fluoride causes genetic damage to tomatoes.

1968 The U.S. Department of Health Educational and Welfare, in a May 31, 1968 letter to Congressman William C. Kramer, states, "The 1ppm fluoride in drinking water poses no safety problem if it is the only source of fluorides". However, American and Canadian research alone shows that water fluoridation accounts for only part of the daily fluoride consumption.

1968 In the October 1968 issue of the Journal of the Indiana Dental Association, Dr. J.C. Muhler, who holds patents on the fluoride topical paste used in school "brush-ins", reported 11 cases of gum damage.

1968 Scientists at the University of Holland, Drs. Mukherjee and Sobels, find that fluorides increase the frequency of genetic damage in sperm cells of lab animals exposed to X-rays. Fluorides inhibited the repair of DNA damaged by radiation.

1968 For one year, the CIA begins chemical warfare experiments relative to the poisoning of water systems by injecting a chemical substance into the water supply of the FDA building in Washington.

1968 The Journal of the American Dental Association, Vol. VI, boasted: "Puerto Rico - First to Enact Fluoridation Law". Some cities in Puerto Rico were fluoridated in 1954, before any data were in on the so-called "10 year experiment" in the continental United States. A report of the condition of the teeth of children in PR was made by Dr. U.L. Monteleone of Allentown, Pennsylvania, who visited PR. According to Dr. Monteleone in May 1969, the children in PR had rampant dental decay, rampant malocclusion and rampant fluorosis. Monteleone was suspended for making the report. The June 1968 issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition reported similar findings on the children in fluoridated Puerto Rico: "Dental caries are common ... dental fluorosis was particularly prevalent among school and adolescent boys in the 10-14 year old age group."

1968 Thomas R. Camp, Minority Report, Legislative Study Commission, 1968: "In view of the facts, it is recommended that legislation be passed in Massachusetts prohibiting the sale of fluorides for human ingestion whether in the drinking water, food or tablets."

1969 In the May 3, 1969 issue of the Washington Post, Nobel Laureate Dr. Joshua Lederberg, Genetics Department, Stanford University School of Medicine, says he would question those who claim fluoridation is "absolutely safe".

1969 The February 4, 1969 Los Angeles Times publishes a news story entitled "Expert estimates $12 billion in 30 years will be saved if water is fluoridated", authored by the Times Medical writer, Harry Nelson, quoting Dr. William Burton, Chief, Division of Health, State Department of Public Health. The material was a total fabrication.

1969 The World Health Organization endorses fluoridation of water supplies on July 23, 1969, despite cautions from Gapes of the Italian delegation, who warned about "possible genetic damage to future generations". During the final hours of the session, when only 45 of the 1,000 delegates from 131 countries were still present, all bills that had not been accepted, including the one on fluorides, were collected and voted upon (no quorum, just like the Federal Reserve Bill in 1913), including the statement on fluoridation. The resolution urged member states to "examine the possibility of introducing fluoridation" where "fluoride intake is below optimum levels". [WHO Chronicles, Vol 23, p.512, 1969]

1969 The July 7, 1969 issue of the Columbus Citizen-Journal, Ohio, contained an article entitled "The Costs of Fluoridating Water", in which the following facts were published follow a one year review of world literature on fluoridation completed in June 1969: Fluoride increases the incidence of mongolism, depresses the growth rate of human cells in culture, causes dermatitis, affects thyroid function, alters the concentration of metabolites in blood and urine, inhibits many important enzymes, affects reproduction, may incorporate itself into naturally occurring compounds to form others, is capable of producing cancer and giving rise to deformed babies, reduces fertility in female rats by more than 60 percent, and mimics the effects of some hormones - disturbing the hormonal balance."

1969 By 1969, the fluoridated cities had an average cancer death rate of 225 per 100,000 people, while non-fluoridated cities had an average cancer death rate of 195 per 100,000. The data indicates a fluoride-linked increase of cancer of 10% in only 13-17 years. These figures were checked and confirmed in 1979 by the United States National Cancer Institute. The increase in cancer death observed in fluoridated cities occurred primarily in people ages 45 and over; this fact is explainable because both the immune system and the normal DNA repair process (the two major defense systems against cancer) decline with age.

1970 In the October 1, 1970 Los Angeles Times, it was reported that the California State Board of health threatened to revoke the water license in San Gabriel if they continued to dispense water with 2ppm fluoride.

1970 A study at the University of Missouri demonstrates that fluoride causes genetic damage to corn and fruit flies.

1970 A spokesman for Reynolds Aluminum Company is quoted in the April 1970 Environmental Handbook Prepared for the First National Environmental Teach-In as stating that "it is cheaper to pay fines for polluting the environment than to control fluorides" (pay for the destruction of fluoride hazardous wastes).

1970 Dr. John D. Erickson of the CDC examined the cancer death rates of all U.S. cities with a population of 250,000 or more, and found that people in fluoridated areas experienced an age-sex-race corrected cancer death rate which was 4% higher than that of people in unfluoridated areas. The study was published in the New England Journal of Medicine, Vol 298, pp 1112-1116, 1978, eight years later.

1970 Psychologist James V. McConnel writes in Psychology Today that, " the day has come when we can combine sensory deprivation with drugs, hypnosis and astute manipulation of reward and punishment to gain almost complete control over individual behavior...we should reshape society so that we all would be trained from birth... no one owns his own personality."

1970 The U.S. Department of Agriculture Research Service releases Handbook No. 380, which summarizes some of the devastating effects of fluoride pollution: "A literature review was presented to indicate that fluoride was one of the industrial poisons that lowered the immunobiological response of man, pigeons, rabbits and other animals against certain diseases, such as typhoid fever, anthrax, tuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus (p.52: Ref: Fridlyland, I.G.,1959, The Effect of Industrial Poisons on the Immunological State of the Organism, Gigiena i Sanitariya 24 (8): 55-61 (p.56).

1970 The 1970 World Health Organization book Fluorides and Human Health contained an article written by Dr. P. Venkateswarlu entitled "Effects on Body Fluids and Soft Tissues", which stated "Recently, the development of fairly dependable micro methods for fluoride determination and the availability of radiofluoride have given impetus to the study of fluoride metabolism in the soft tissues and body fluids."

1971 A study at Texas A&M University demonstrates that fluoride causes genetic damage to fruit flies. The study is repeated in 1973.

1971 An article in the scientific journal Nature revealed a study done by D.B. Ferguson of the University of Manchester Medical School which showed that the activity of the human serum enzyme alkaline phosphatase is measurably reduced by either dietary fluoride or fluoridated drinking water. According the Dr. Ferguson, "It can no longer be said that low levels of fluoride do not affect in vivo enzyme activity in man." (Nature, Vol. 231, pp.159-160, June 2, 1971).

1971 The November 12, 1971 Framingham, Massachusetts News Local carried an announcement from the board of health. Fluoridation was stopped in order to cure a green hair problem which had cropped up, due to the fluoridation chemicals leaching out copper from the pipes. It would be necessary to add another toxic chemical, sodium hydroxide, to counteract the problem.

1971 In the AMA's Drug Evaluation News, physicians are advised not to give children fluoride and vitamin pills together. [Note: Children do not retain as much fluoride when they are also given essential nutrients such as calcium, which acts as an antidote to fluorides. It leads one to wonder why the AMA would want children to accumulate more fluorides.]

1971 The August 22, 1971 National Enquirer reviews British claims on how the new drug fenfluramine (Fen-Phen) burns up fat and is appropriate for obese people. [In 1997, 26 years later, it is revealed that fenfluramine damages the heart and brain, which might indicate that the original "safety" studies were faked]. Dr. John Sedgewick, one of Britain's leading authorities on obesity pushes the drug in 1971. The article stated that the fenfluramine pill contains fluoride, and is an amphetamine type of drug which Dr. Sedgewicj intended to request the FDA to approve for sale in the U.S. Whereas Dr. Sedgewick claims that fluoride acts like a sedative, "it is also likely that it causes lack of appetite." Research performed on farm animals shows that when cows eat fluoride-poisoned forage from industrial sources, nature protects them by curbing their appetite, causing loss of weight. According to an article in the April 15, 1973 Los Angeles Times, fenfluramine caused side effects of drowsiness and stomach/bowel complaints in patients.

1971 A study conducted by Dr. S. H. Cohn and his associates at the Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island (reported in the January 1971 American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, concluded that fluorides cannot be considered an effective treatment for osteoporosis.

1971 Germany bans water fluoridation.

1971 The January 15, 1971 issue of the Journal of the American Veterinary Association states "air pollution damage to agricultural production in the United States in 1967 was estimated at $500 million, and that fluoride damage to livestock and vegetation comprised a substantial part of this damage."

1971 An 11-member board of the American Academy of Allergies amazingly declares "no evidence of allergy or intolerance to fluorides as used in the fluoridation of communal water supplies." The statement was requested from the AAA by the U.S. Public Health Service, who was attempting to neutralize reports of fluoride poisoning. None of the scientists at the AAA ever carried out any research on fluorides. After the "statement" the U.S. Public Health Service "awards grants" to four of the scientists on the AAA board amounting to $780,621. Other members of the board had been previous recipients of such grants for research on various phases of allergy. In 1976, the British Royal College of Physicians would refer to the AAA statement (bribed statement) in order to deny reports of fluoride poisoning in England. [ Fluoride, Walbott, 1978, pp.287-288].

1971 The Swedish Parliament repeals the country's fluoridation law on Nov 18, 1971, and in doing so stated "valid evidence to support the claims widely quoted by fluoridation proponenys simply does not exist". The American news media maintained silence in not reporting this notable event. [Fluoridation and Truth Decay, Caldwell, 1974, p.287 ] See 1961.

1972 Sweden bans water fluoridation.

1972 A scientific study published in the AMA publication Archives of Environmental Health (July 1972) showed "dangerous levels of lead (above 5 percent) in the outer coatings of tubes of Crest, Fresh Breath, Macleans, Craig Martin and Worthmore toothpastes". The article also stated that "potentially hazardous amounts of lead in the toothpaste itself were found in Crest, Fresh Breath and Worthmore toothpastes". As expected, toothpaste makers denied these findings, but presented no documentation to justify their denial. These disclosures are additional reasons for attaching little scientific merit to an ADA endorsement, including its endorsement of fluoridation.

1972 Consumer advocate Ralph Nader wrote to chairman Miles Kirkpatrick of the Federal Trade Commission that studies in the United States and England have shown that toothpastes with fluorides leave a brown stain on teeth four times as often as toothpaste without fluoride. In answer to Nader's question of the efficacy of these fluoridated toothpastes, a spokesman for the FDA answered that his department disallowed any claims a toothpaste "helps harden and strengthen the structure of tooth enamel on contact."

1972 On February 22, 1972, opponents of water fluoridation in Massachusetts appeared before the Legislative Social Service Committee to speak in favor of a bill asking for an impartial study commission to evaluate the dental and medical effects of fluoridation in communities fluoridated for 10 or more years. However, not surprisingly, dentists and public health officials fought desperately to prevent this bill from appearing before the legislature.

1972 In the Australian Medical Journal, an article by Dr. Stephen Boyd, of the Urban Biology Group, Australian National University, states, "it is important to appreciate that the first symptoms of exposure to many toxic chemicals (see fluorides) are not physiological, but psychological, and include such European Research, Vol 3, No.2, pp99-104, 1981.

1972 The February 24, 1972 issue of the Washington Post featured an article by Jay Mathews, who reported that "Mongolism, thought by doctors to occur in 1 out of 600 births, is today the most common cause of severe mental retardation."

1972 On May 17, 1972, a letter from the National Institute of Dental Research Director Dr. Samuel Kreshover stated, "Official approval of water fluoridation continues and special health studies beyond those that have already been completed are not contemplated."

1972 A letter from the Environmental Protection Agency, dated March 31, 1972, announced, "The EPA, in addition to its pollution abatement activities, supports and promotes the fluoridation of public water supplies through its water supply program ... this practice has been and is being thoroughly researched and safety is our prime consideration."

1972 The prestigious journal Science, July 14, 1972, requested doctors "Perform Tests and/or Examinations on People Who Have Shown Sensitivity to Fluorides from Fluoridation", and to send the results to a Fact Finding Committee in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, chaired by Dr. R. J. H. Mick in Laurel Springs, New Jersey. The project consisted of a double-blind study using the provocative sub-lingual testings with varying dilutions of a fluoride solution up to a concentration of 1 ppm. The project, held at the Red Carpet Inn in Milwaukee on August 5 and 6, 1972, was a 'continuing study to determine the immediate side effects of individuals extremely sensitive to fluorides'. A number of individuals developed immediate symptoms of headache, burning in the throat, dizziness, nausea and vomiting to test solutions whose concentration were much less than 1 ppm, whereas the placebo (unfluoridated tap water) elicited no reactions.

1973 A study at the Central Laboratory for Mutagen Testing in West Germany shows that fluorides cause genetic damage to fruit flies.

1973 Netherlands bans water fluoridation on June 22, 1973. Holland's Supreme Court ruled that "In its judgment, the High Court considered the fluoridating of a public water supply to be a medical measure and outside the purpose of the Dutch waterworks law which obligates a water board to ensure a supply of wholesome drinking water without the addition of any medical substance."

1973 A study at Texas A&M University shows that fluorides cause genetic damage to barley.

1974 Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons discovers fluoride causes genetic damage, in rodents, sheep and cows.

1974 The Safe Water Drinking Act is passed. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets maximum contamination levels (MCL) for various water pollutants, including sodium fluoride. The EPA sets the fluoride contamination level at an unbelievable 1.4 ppm for "warmer climates" and up to 2.4 ppm for "colder climates". Furthermore, the American Dental Association begins pressuring the EPA to raise the MCL for fluoride in public water to 8 ppm, when it is fully known that systemic damage occurs below 1 ppm. The former US Surgeon General C. Everett Koop is among those who join the drive to increase the MCL for fluoride, even doing television ads proclaiming that fluoridation was "absolutely safe". Shown slides of severe fluorosis damage to a child’s teeth at 4ppm, ADA spokesperson Lisa Watson maintains that it does "not involve health effects but is only a cosmetic problem". The National Drinking Water Advisory Council refuses to recommend raising the fluoride MCL, and came close to recommending its lowering, but the EPA farmed out research work to ICAIR Life Systems, which issues a fraudulent report (confirmed by ICAIR employee Dr. John Beaver) that is woven into the US EPA report on fluoride, resulting in the EPA recommendation of MCL for sodium fluoride in public water to be 4 ppm.

1974 Mass fluoride spill in public water system in North Carolina.

1975 Dr. John Yiamouyiannis publishes a preliminary survey which shows that people in fluoridated areas have a higher cancer death rate than those in non-fluoridated areas. The National Cancer Institute attempts to refute the studies. Later in 1975, Yiamouyiannis joins with Dr. Dean Burk, chief chemist of the National Cancer Institute (1939-1974) in performing other studies which are then included in the Congressional Record by Congressman Delaney, who was the original author of the Delaney Amendment, which prohibited the addition of cancer-causing substances to food used for human consumption. Both reports confirmed the existence of a link between fluoridation and cancer. (Note: Obviously Dr. Burk felt free to agree with scientific truth only after his tenure at NCI ended, since his job depended on towing the party line).

1976 Dr. D. W. Allman and co-workers from Indiana University School of Medicine feed animals 1part-per-million (ppm) fluoride and notice the urinary levels and tissue levels of a substance called cyclic AMP (adenosine monophosphate) increased by more than 100%. They also found that in the presence of aluminum in a concentration as small as 20 parts per billion, fluoride is able to cause an even larger increase in cyclic AMP levels. Cyclic AMP inhibits the migration rate of white blood cells, as well as the ability of the white blood cell to destroy pathogenic organisms. Ref: Journal of Dental Research, Vol 55, Sup B, p523, 1976, "Effect of Inorganic Fluoride Salts on Urine and Tissue Cyclic AMP Concentration in Vivo". (Note: It is no small accident that toothpaste tubes containing fluoride are often made of aluminum, nor is it an accident that aluminum cookware and fluoride use were injected into the population virtually simultaneously.)

1976 A research dentist at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Dr. J. Gabrovsek, recognizes the significance of the effects of fluoride-induced increases in cyclic AMP levels, and the effect this might have on the immune system. (See 1980).

1977 Fluoride Symposium of the 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science reports that 0.5mg fluoride supplement tablets were causing dental fluorosis in children.

1977 The Congressional Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations convenes two (2) full Congressional Hearings on the subject of fluorides. During the hearing, it was proven that (1) The "scientific efforts" of those promoting fluoridation were fraudulent, and (2) That other existing studies proved beyond a doubt that approximately 10,000 excess cancer deaths per year could be attributed to fluoridation in the United States.

1977 Congressional representative L.H. Fountain, chairman of the 1977 Sub-Committee Hearings on Fluoride, states that "the carcinogenic nature of fluoride remains unanswered" and orders the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS - who is in on the fluoride conspiracy anyway) "to conduct animal studies to see if fluoride causes cancer". Dr. Herman Kraybill, from the National Cancer Institute (who in 1972 had been chosen by NCI to write a memo saying that fluorides do not cause cancer) was placed in charge of these studies. Kraybill boldly states, "this will be the final study to confirm negativity of fluoride ions in carcinogenesis." He cites 13 studies having nothing to do with the subject of fluorides and cancer in order to support his claim that "no link between fluorides and cancer existed." (NCI Director Dr. Arthur Upton later admitted the 13 studies had nothing to do with the subject of the study). (See 1982, 1985,1988) Congressman Fountain showed that Dr. Hoover and other National Cancer Institute officials had purposely withheld information and had purposely sent fraudulent data to professors at Oxford, who published data as their own, defending the use of fluorides.

1977 In 1977, Congressional Hearings were held in which Dr. Yiamouyiannis and Dr. Burk were able to show that the increase in deaths were due to water fluoridation. At the conclusion of the hearings, Representative Fountain and his committee instructed the United States Public Health Service (well known by now for questionable and dangerous medical advisory practices which benefit the medical and pharmaceutical industries) to conduct animal studies to "determine whether or not fluoride causes cancer". As a result, the USPHS retained Battelle Memorial Institute (also well known for NWO technical activities and is considered by many to be part of the cancer cover-up) to perform a study on mice and rats - unfortunately, rodent physiology differs considerably from humans, making the transfer of data between species relatively meaningless.(See1989,Battelle Study).

1978 Consumer Reports publishes a two part article in July and August 1978 which includes the claim "the simple truth is that there is no ‘scientific controversy over the safety of fluoridation." Later in 1990, the Technical Director for Consumer Reports disputes the claim, saying "the proponents of fluoridation insist that there are no grounds for controversy at all, and with that I totally disagree. The point is that this is a legitimate scientific controversy." The technical director in 1990 is Dr. Edward Groth III.

1978 Physicians Desk Reference states "a daily fluoride intake of .5 mg from birth to age three years is recommended."

1978 The German magazine Stern reports on the Turkish village of Kizilcaoern, where the drinking water contains 5ppm fluorides. All of the children have brown teeth. Women produce dead babies after only four months of pregnancy. All the inhabitants suffer from tremendous premature aging. The same fluoride-related brittle-bone disorders have been observed among people drinking water with as little as 0.7 ppm fluoride.

1978 A court case was won in Pennsylvania that proved fluoridation was harmful and resulted in a ban. It received great publicity, much to the concern of the American Dental Association and the industry. (See 1979)

1979 General research seems to begin in an attempt to understand how fluorides in the body disrupt collagen synthesis.

1979 In order to counteract the tide of truth on fluorides, the American Dental Association (ADA) issues a "white paper" on fluoridation characterizing opponents of putting fluorides in the public water supply as "uninformed, self-styled experts whose qualifications for speaking out on such a scientific issue as fluoridation were practically nonexistent or whose motivation was self-serving." (Highly ironic, since this is instead the position of the ADA and the medical industrial complex in the first place). In addition, the ADA paper maintained "the lifelong benefits of fluoridation" and encouraged responses to opponents to begin with, "there is no evidence...", "investigators have observed...". The ADA recommended that "the advice of behavioral scientists should be sought with regard to rebuttals". This ADA paper resulted in collusion between the ADA,CDC,EPA,NCHS,NIDR, state dental societies and directors to "identify those communities where the timing is favorable". A planning committee was formed to plan a symposium for the future. (See 1983).

1979 The January 20th edition of the New York Times carried a story in which a child was killed because of a lethal dose of fluoride at a city dental clinic. The parents were awarded $750,000.

1979 In the U.S., the National Institute of Dental Research publishes altered research claiming fluorides do not cause genetic damage in mice. The fraud is discovered.

1979 Dr. W. L. Gabler and Dr. P. A. Long at the University of Oregon Health Sciences Center find that as little as 0.2 ppm fluoride in the body (the "safe" level for public water supplies is 1.0 ppm, 8 times higher) stimulates superoxide production in resting white blood cells, seriously depressing the ability of white blood cells to destroy pathogenic agents. Superoxide in the bloodstream also gives rise to tissue damage and acceleration of the aging process. Ref: "Fluoride Inhibition of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes", Journal of Dental Research, Vol 48, No.9, p1933-1939, 1979.

1979 Mass fluoride spill into the Annapolis, Maryland public water system, which resulted in a concentration up to 50 parts per million, boosting the heart attack rate five times and acutely affecting 10,000 people.

1979 In a book released in 1979 entitled "Continuing Evaluation of the Use of Fluorides", a chapter was written by Dr. Hodge, who was instrumental in the Newburg experiments running parallel to the Manhattan Project work on fluorides. With regard to the "safe" dosage, Hodge wrote: "The most important and widely disregarded fact about dental fluorosis is that no safe established daily intake exists,, i.e., the maximal amount in mg fluoride which consumed daily does not produce cosmetically damaging white areas or brown stain in some areas has not been fixed." Hodge also corrected his previously published figures for crippling skeletal fluorosis he made in the 1950's where he had neglected to convert pounds to kilograms. As a result, most reviews which contain the "crippling daily dose of fluoride", including the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 1991 document Review of Fluoride: Benefits and Risks, as well as the current RDA and new Dietary Reference Intakes published by the Institute of Medicine in 1997, use 20-80 mg/day figures. At currently reported intake levels 5mg per day will cause crippling deformities of the spine and major joints.

1979 John Curnette and co-workers from Tufts University find that when blood cells are exposed to fluoride at a concentration that simulated vigorous superoxide production by the cells, phagocytosis was virtually abolished.

1979 Research at the University of Oregon Health Sciences Center by Drs. Gabler and Leong find that as little as 0.2 ppm stimulated superoxide production in resting white blood cells, the same concentration would affect active white blood cells if they were at the same time challenged by a foreign body.

1979 On November 11th, up to 50ppm fluoride was dumped into the Annapolis Maryland water supply, resulting in the poisoning of 50,000 people. Many died of heart failure during the week following the spill.

1979 A child in Melbourne, Australia dies after eating six fluoride tablets. (11/3/79)

1980 Dr. J. Gabrovsek, a research dentist (See 1976) publishes a paper which states, "Because of the inhibitory effects of sodium fluoride on phagocytosis and leukocytosis (migration of white blood cells), which are basic defense systems, I have doubts about the absolute safety of water fluoridation on a long-term basis."

1981 Drs. Susheela and Sharma and co-workers from the India Institute of Medical Sciences find that fluoride exposure disrupts the synthesis of collagen in the body and leads to the breakdown of collagen in bone, tendon, muscle, skin cartilage, lung, kidney and trachea. It appears that fluoride disruption of collagen synthesis in cells responsible for laying down collagen leads these cells to try and compensate for their inability to put out intact collagen by producing larger quantities of imperfect collagen and/or non-collagenous protein. Ref: "Fluoride poisoning and the Effects of Collagen Biosynthesis of Osseous and Non-osseous Tissue", Toxicological European Research, Vol 3, No.2, pp99-104, 1981.

1981 Institute of Botany in Baku, USSR, does three studies which indicate fluoride causes genetic damage in rats.

1981 Research is done at the Department of Toxicology at the Central University of Venezuela by Dr. A Iares showing fluoride added to drinking water of rats caused birth defects. Repeated in 1982 in China, with same results.

1981 Dr. John Emsley and co-workers at King's College in London find that fluoride reacts strongly with the bonds which maintain the normal shapes of proteins in the body. The work is subsequently confirmed by Dr. Steven Edwards and co-workers from the University of California in San Diego, and by Drs. Froede and Wilson from the University of Colorado at Boulder. By distorting the configuration of the body's own protein, the immune system attacks its own protein , resulting in an autoimmune or allergic response. Fluroides contribute to the development of an Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, which is covered up by the media and medical community, which maintains a public focus on a viral cause for the problem, promoting the harmless HIV virus as the "cause" for "AIDS", covering up the pharmo-chemical sensitization of the population which has complex legal ramifications.

1981 Research at the Kanagawa Dental University in Japan by Dr. K. Ishida indicates that as little as 1ppm fluoride in the body interferes with collagen metabolism and leads to collagen breakdown, causing osteoporosis, bone cancer, brittle bones and teeth, an loss of connective tissue which hold organs in place.

1981 Dr. Robert Clark from the Boston University Medical Center shows that fluorides (as in fluoridated water supplies, toothpaste, etc) stimulate granule formation and oxygen consumption in white blood cells when they were not challenged with a foreign agent, but inhibited these processes when the white blood cell needed them to fight off foreign agents. Ref: "Neutrophil Iodination Reaction Induced by Fluoride: Implications for Degranulation and Metabolic Activation" Blood, Vol 57, pp913-921, 1981.

1981 Mass fluoride spills in Jonesboro, Maine (Oct) and Potsdam, New York (Aug).

1981 Dr. Martin Drozdz at the Institute of Bioanalytical and Environmental Studies in Katowice, Poland found that rats fed 1ppm fluoride in their water had increased levels of hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine levels in the blood and urine, as well as a decrease in skin and lung collagen levels. Ref: Drozdz et al., "Studies on the Influence of Fluoride Compounds upon Connective Tissue Metabolism in Growing Rats", published in Toxilogical European Research, Vol 3, No.5, pp.237,239-241, 1981.

1982 A study at the University of Missouri concludes that fluoride causes genetic damage in mice.

1982 The U.S. Public Health Service conducts its first group of studies on animal cancer and fluorides, mandated by the 1977 Congressional Hearings. The study lasts until 1984, and then is scrapped because of flaws in design and progress. (See 1985, Batelle Memorial Institute).

1982 A study at the Institute of Botany in Baku, USSR, demonstrates that fluorides cause genetic damage in onions. Repeated in 1983.

1982 Peter Wilkinson at the University of Glasgow testifies before the Scottish High Court in Edinburgh in a legal case entitled "Inhibition of the Immune System with Low levels of Fluoride" which revealed that fluoride decreases the migration rate of human white blood cells. At a concentration of .2ppm (which is .8ppm below the "approved" level of 1 ppm), relative white cell migration rate is reduced 8%. A concentration of 1ppm would produce a physiological decline of around 10%. Fluoride added to water supplies, tooth paste, school dental washes, supplement pills and dentists visits are increased and promoted, contributing to a further co-factor in the decline of the immune capability of the population. Fluoride confuses the human immune system and causes it to attack the body's own tissues, cumulatively resulting in accelerated aging.

1982 In Science magazine, Vol 217 p26-32, Dr. Dennis Leverett of the University of Rochester states, "if there are increasing concentrations of fluoride in the food chain, particularly food for infants, then we should expect fluorosis to be increasing in the population as well. The widespread use of fluorides might have created a situation in which we are approaching a critical mass of fluoride in the environment. There needs to extensive research done." Later in 1983 he would contradict himself at the University of Michigan symposium.

1983 Zhang and Zhang publish a study which shows that fluorides cause birth defects in fish.

1983 Researchers at Loma Linda University in California, led by Dr. John Farley, show that treatment of bone cells with less than 1ppm fluoride increased collagen formation by 50%, leading to formation of irregular bone. (But also leads to collagen breakdown. See 1981, Ishida).

1983 Research is done at the Kunming Institute of Zoology in China which indicates that fluoride causes genetic damage in deer and in human blood cells.

1983 Physicians Desk Reference states "the recommended fluoride dosage for children between birth and two and a half years old is 0.25 mg. (Compare with 1978,1992)

1983 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency deputy assistant administrator Rebecca Hammer points out that fluoride-polluting industries can get paid for using public drinking waters as a sewer for their toxic waste products when she says "this agency regards the use of fluosilic acid as a source of fluorides for water fluoridation an ideal environmental solution to a long standing problem of contamination of the water and air from fertilizer manufacturing."

1983 A symposium takes place at the University of Michigan after years of planning between the US Dept of Health and Human Services, the USPHS Michigan state health plans, the Kellogg Foundation, CDC, Medical Products Labs and others to "discuss the status of organized opposition to fluoridation, to analyze probable motives influencing the anti-fluoride movement, to develop political and legal strategies for the defense and promotion of fluoridation, and to access the need for a national fluoridation strategy." Dr. Dennis Leverett of the University of Rochester reported that his committee felt that fluoridation was a "political issue and not a scientific situation". See 1982,1988. The Symposium was a taxpayer-supported event. Also attending were members of the ADA National Fluoridation Advisory Committee, John Small (the government's pro-fluoride czar), the American Association of Dental Schools, members from the Illinois and Ohio State Departments of Health, and the Chief Dental Officer of the Department of Health and Human Services. The proceedings were published in a 129-page book titled "Fluoridation: Litigation and Changing Public Policy." (See ADA Nat'l Fluoridation Committee address in 1988). Dr. William T. Jarvis, a member of the board of the American Council of Science and Health ( a front group for the junk food industry), speaks on "The Psychology of Anti-fluoridation", noting that debates on fluoride always "seems to result in people becoming anti-fluoridationist." Dr. Stephen Corbin of the USPHS suggested that a mandatory State Fluoridation Law be developed, and a Dr. Easley suggested processes be initiated to deny those seeking relief through the courts their right to due process. Dr. D. Scott of Blue Cross/Blue Shield suggested that the cost of litigation defending fluoridation should be borne by taxpayers! Ms. Colleen Wulf of the Ohio Department of Health reported that her committee suggested formation of a non-profit organization which would coordinate with CDC and ADA, and pointed out that CDC has already drafted promotional materials for fluoride, and that the ADA and the USPHS had already formed the Ad Hoc Committee to Plan for the Legal Defense of Community Water Fluoridation. She suggests the name of the new group might be something like "Coalition for Improved Dental Health, or something similar". NOT ONE SCIENTIST ATTENDED the University of Michigan Symposium: ten who attended were dental hygienists, two were dentists, five had degrees in Public Relations, Education, Psychology, or Public Health, one had no degree at all and a introduction was written by psychiatrist Stephen Barrett, who ironically would maintain a website in 1997 on "medical quackery".

1984 Research work at Nippon Dental University in Japan prove that fluorides cause genetic damage in hamster cells, human embryo and blood cells. Research also indicated that fluoride was also capable of transforming normal cells into cancer cells. The level of fluoride that could do this were the same level that the National Cancer Institute suggested should be used to determine whether or not fluoridation of public water supplies causes cancer. Ref: Dr. Takeki Tsutsui, NDU. Cancer Research, Vol 44,pp938-941, 1984, "Sodium Fluoride Induced Morphological and Neoplastic Transformation, Chromosome Aberrations and Unscheduled DNA Synthesis..." Also supported in Carcinogenesis, Vol 9, pp2279-2284, 1988; Cell Biology Toxicology, Volume 4, pp311-324, 1988; Genetics, Vol 48, pp307-310, 1963.

1984 The 1984 issue of Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products indicates that 1/10 oz of fluoride in the human body is lethal for a 100 pound adult human. Fluoride toothpaste contains up to 1mg/gram of fluoride. A whole tube contains about 199 mg of fluoride - enough to kill a 25-pound child. Tooth brushing causes ingestion of 0.25 mg/day.

1985 Research is conducted by the Edinburgh Medical Research Council in England which indicates that fluoride causes genetic damage in human blood cells.

1985 Based on a report on fluorides altered by Surgeon General Koop, the EPA recommends a raising of the amount of fluorides allowed in drinking water from 2 ppm to 4 ppm.

1985 Study by the World Congress of Biological Psychiatry finds that in a study of 321 violent individuals, most of them white and middle class, 95% of them showed evidence of brain dysfunction and neurological disabilities. The age of the individuals and symptoms coincide with degeneration caused by vaccination programs. Ref: Vaccination, Social Violence and Criminality.

1985 The U.S. Public Health Service contracts a second set of studies on animal cancer and fluoride, mandated by the 1977 Congressional Hearings. The USPHS contracts Batelle Memorial Institute in Ohio, which conducts a study lasting until 1987. The results are released in 1988. (See 1988).

1985 Dental hygienists, psychiatrists, public relations experts, education specialists and psychologists (no scientists) form "The American Oral Health Institute" and release a book "Abuse of the Scientific Literature in an Antifluoridation Pamphlet", in which they attack scientific data relative to fluoride and those who oppose its use in the public water supply. An examination of the book, ironically, revealed "abuse of scientific literature" on the part of the authors, who demonstrated their lack of scientific expertise and themselves were guilty of deception and misrepresentation of scientific fact.

1985 Research at the University of Oregon by Gabler demonstrate that low levels of fluorides in the body delayed white cell response to foreign agents.

1985 The work of Takuya Saito in Japan demonstrates that even micromolecular amounts of fluoride, below 1ppm, may seriously depress the ability of white blood cells to destroy pathogenic agents in the body.

1986 Research is conducted at the University of Sussex in England which indicates that fluoride causes genetic damage in mouse lymphoma (white) cells.

1986 Study by Kay, A.R., et al, is published in the Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 6, pp.2915-2920,1986, "Fluoride in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with fluorosis", in which it was shown that intracellular fluorides can alter the kinetic properties of calcium currents in hippocampal neurons, which can affect behavior.

1986 The Rocky Mountain Poison Control Center reports 87 cases of fluoride poisoning . Two cases involved fluoride treatment by a dentist. One 13 month old child died. Twenty five suffered gastrointestinal symptoms. Sodium fluoride is the most frequent single cause of acute poisoning in children.

1987 In the United States, research is conducted at the National Institute of Environmental Health which indicates that fluoride causes genetic damage to mouse lymphoma cells.

1987 Research is conducted at Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) in England which indicates that fluorides cause genetic damage in human blood cells.

1987 A study is done at the Institute of Pitaniia in the USSR which indicates that fluoride causes genetic damage in rat bone marrow cells.

1988 Dr. Joel Boriskin, chairman of the ADA National Fluoridation Advisory Committee, gives an address before the Calgary Health Department, in which he claimed, "1500 mg of fluoride per day (a lethal dose) is prescribed to older people than have progressive hearing loss." Ref: Journal of the American Dental Association, May 1990.

1988 Affidavit sworn by Dr. Robert J. H. Mick (formerly a Lt. Colonel in the Dental Corps, U.S. Army Reserves, who states that he was "...threatened by General Gorby in Germany with a possible court-martial and other penalties in 1954 if I did not discontinue my activities opposing fluoridation and the fluoridation of military posts."

1988 Battelle Memorial Institute releases its studies on fluorides and animal cancer for the USPHS which, ironically, report highly specific fluoride-related cancers. The data is turned over to the National Toxicology Program (NTP), who gives the data to the Experimental Pathology Labs, who reclassify and delete items damaging to the pro-fluoridation faction. The altered data is then submitted to the "pathology working group" on December 6, 1989, after a year of reworking. All this with the full knowledge of EPA and USPHS. (See 1990).

1988 Dr. Joel Boriskin, chairman of the ADA national fluoridation advisory committee, in an address before the Calgary Health Department, claims that "1500 mg of fluoride per day is prescribed to older people that have progressive hearing loss". (Note: 1500 mg/day is a lethal dose).

1988 Researchers at the Argonne National Laboratory discover that fluoride promotes and enhances the carcinogenicity of other cancer-causing chemicals in the food and environment. Interestingly, this work confirmed studies sponsored by the United States National Cancer Institute conducted back in 1963 by Herskowitz and Norton at Saint Louis University. More than 30 years ago, these scientists showed that low levels of fluoride increased the incidence of melanotic tumors in living organisms from 12 to 100% - often these tumors were induced by fluoride over a period of days. These studies were further amplified by work done by the Taylor's at the University of Texas which found that 1 ppm fluoride in drinking water increased tumor growth rate in mice by 25%.

1989 On March 30, 1989, the California Department of Health Services reported that Niagara brand bottled water was found to contain 450ppm fluoride. The state health director, Kenneth Kizer, warned residents that consumption could be fatal.

1989 In New South Wales, Australia, a law is passed prohibiting town councils from stopping the fluoridation of their water supplies without the permission of the health department.

1989 In 1989 Dr. Yiamouyiannis used the Freedom of Information Act to obtain carcinogenicity studies conducted by Proctor and Gamble (one of the makers of fluoridated toothpaste) that were submitted to (and covered up by) the United States Public Health Service. These studies showed dose dependent cell abnormalities caused by fluoride. These results were reported in the February 22, 1990 issue of the Medical Tribune. Additional studies by Proctor and Gamble scientists confirmed the link between oral precancerous growth and fluoride, as well as an increase in osteomas (bone tumors) and osteosarcomas (bone cancer). In fact, the National Cancer Institute found in 1991 that the incidence of bone cancer was 50% higher in men ages 0-19 years of age exposed to fluoridated water compared to those who were not.

1989 A study by Hildebolt, et al. on 6,000 school children contradicts any alleged benefit from the use of fluorides.

1989 Research studies are conducted at Nippon University in Japan which shows that fluorides causes genetic damage to human cell cultures.

1989 Fluoride concentrations of 0.3 - 0.5 ppm, half that used for fluoridation, put into the Columbia River in Washington by an aluminum plant, have a very pronounced effect on the migration time and survival of adult salmon. [Damkaer, D.M, and Dey, D.B., "Evidence for Fluoride Effects on Salmon Passage at John Day Dam, Columbia River, 1982-1986", North American Journal of Fisheries Management, Vol 9, 1989, pp.154-162].

1989 On February 23, 1989, Battelle released the results of its study of fluorides on mice. A most curious result of the study, from the USPHS point of view, was that fluoride induced the occurrence of an extremely rare form of liver cancer, called hepatocholangio carcinoma, in fluoride-treated male and female mice. Two months later in April of 1989, Battelle released the results of its study of fluorides and rats. The study showed a dose-dependent relationship between the incidence of oral cancerous tumors and fluorides. It is interesting to note that mice and rats yielded different The results with fluoride - different types of cancer. As a response to the Battelle study, the National Cancer Institute from examined the incidence of oral cancer in fluoridated and non-fluoridated countries over the period from 1973 to 1987. The National Cancer Institute study found that as exposure to fluoridation increases, so does the incidence of oral cancer; sometimes as much as a 50% increase in oral cancer rates occur in fluoridated areas - this translates to 8,000 new cases of oral and pharyngeal cancer per year, needless pain and suffering and a financial windfall to the medical and pharmaceutical factions that concern themselves with treatment.

1989 The 12 year study the National Cancer Institute was ordered to do in 1977 is finally compete. It finds evidence that fluorides cause cancer in male rats. Directed to examine cancer trends in the U.S. population, the NCI finds nationwide evidence of "a rising rate in bone and joint cancer of all ages combined, due mainly to trends under the age of 20 (cultural programming on what to eat and drink and how to live), was seen in the fluoridated countries but not the unfluoridated countries.

1990 The National Toxicology Program issues a Press Release with data confirming findings of a link between fluoride and osteosarcomas as well as higher rates of oral cancer in rats. (January 1990)

1990 The American Dental Association issues a Press Release which states "water fluoridation remains the safest, most effective, and most economical public health measure to reduce tooth decay."

1990 The National Toxicology Program in February 1990 releases its pathological data tables with a cover letter which, in a turnabout, claims "there has not been any evidence that shows a relationship between fluoridation and cancer or any other diseases in humans", and "water fluoridation has proven highly effective in improving the nation's dental health by markedly reducing tooth decay". The NTP final report, issued in March, omitted all studies which showed genetic damage from fluorides, and important studies showing that fluorides induce tumors and cancers were ignored. Kraybill, head of the NTP study, becomes a consultant to the American Council of Science and Health (ACSH), who threatens to sue the EPA if it "tries to undermine public confidence in fluoride."

1990 The American Dental Associations ADA News reports that Proctor and Gamble (who make fluoride-based toothpaste) has "unpublished findings" which "refute the carcinogenicity of fluoride". Proctor and Gamble in March 1990 publish their paper on fluoride and bone cancer (rats) and leave out their data on mice. The rat studies confirm an earlier study that proved that fluorides in food resulted in precancerous growth in the mouth. In contradiction to their own results, P&G declares that fluoride "does not cause precancerous or cancerous changes.

1990 A study by Dr. John Yiamouyiannis on 39,000 school children contradicts any alleged benefits from the use of sodium fluorides.

1990 Dr. John Colquhoun in New Zealand is forced into early requirement in New Zealand after he conducts a study on 60,000 school children and finds no difference in tooth decay between fluoridated and unfluoridated areas. He additionally finds that a substantial number of children in fluoridated areas suffered from dental fluorosis. He makes the study public.

1990 The September 14th issue of Newsweek reports that the study performed by Battelle Memorial Institute under Congressional mandate to look into fluorides and animal cancer (that found a connection) was refused for publication by the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

1991 The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) again engages ICAIR Life Systems to perform a "literature search on fluorides". A researcher for ICAIR, Dr. John Beaver, admits that he was instructed to select only certain reports and ignore others. The final series of reports was sent to EPA, who forwards them to the Subcommittee on Risk Assessment of Ingested Fluoride of the National Academy of Sciences as an "independent" report. Five out of eight members of the Subcommittee are historically pro-fluoridation.

1991 National Cancer Institute finds that the incidence of bone cancer was about 50% higher in men up to 19 years old exposed to fluoridated water, composed to those not exposed.

1991 An examination of the effect of fluorides by Freni (see 1994) is performed in a complicated study comparing the total fertility rate in countries whose water supplies had at least 3 ppm fluoride. He found a negative total fertility rate (TFR) association that fit with similar toxicology data for animals. Freni hypothesized that fluorides lowers protein synthesis in osteoblasts and that fluorides inhibit the adenylyl cyclase system in human spermatozoa. (See 1994, Narayana and Chinoy).

1992 Canadian Dental Association Proposed Fluoride Guidelines states "Fluoride supplements should not be recommended for children less than three years old."

1992 Government figures reveal that over 144 million Americans are medicated with fluoridated water in the United States. (For implications, see Neurotoxicity of Sodium Fluoride in Rats, fluoride effect on the hippocampus in the brain, which governs ability to respond to new situations, behavior and decision-making.

1992 Michael Perrone, a legislative assistant in New Jersey, contacts the FDA requesting all information regarding the safety and effectiveness of fluoride tablets and drops. After 6 months of stalling, the FDA admitted they had no data to show that fluoride tablets or drops were either safe or effective. They informed Perrone that they will "probably have to pull the tablets and drops off the market."

1992 Scientific report reveals the connection between fluorides and non-ulcer dyspepsia (epigastric pain after eating). [ Gupta, I.P., et al, "Fluoride as a Possible Etiological Factor in Non-Ulcer Dyspepsia", Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vol 7, 1992, pp.355-356 ; also, Susheela, A.K., "Fluoride Ingestion and Its Correlation with Gastrointestinal Discomfort", Fluoride, Vol 25 No.1, 1992,pp.5-22] Note: Since fluorides are cumulative in the body, the general level in the population where large gastric problems arise may be occurring. Thus, the large marketing effort for "acid controllers" in the 1990's, which may also be covering up the prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection as well as approaching fluoride toxicity in the population.

1992 A scientific study reveals that fluorides in the water supply to 1 ppm is associated with an increase in the hip fracture rate of women, and that fluoride accumulates with age, and may reach toxic levels in a person's lifetime. [ Danielson, C., et al, "Hip Fractures and Fluoridation in Utah's Elderly Population", Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol 286, No.6, August 1992, pp.746-748]

1992 The EPA is ordered to reinstate a senior scientist, William Marcus, and pay him $50,000 for emotional distress, after firing him because he publicly questioned and opposed EPA policy on the use of fluorides in water supplies.

1993 In July 1993, fluoridated water kills three people on dialysis. Chicago Tribune, "Fluoride Blamed in Dialysis Deaths", July 31, 1993.

1993 Associated Press releases article on August 18, 1993 claiming "no health risk for fluoridated water", as stated by the National Research Council and Dr. Bernard M. Wagner from the New York University School of Medicine. A statement that "132 million Americans drink water with .7ppm fluoride".

1993 Because of pressure from New Jersey legislative aide Michael Perrone, the Food and Drug Administration is forced to admit they have no studies which show fluoride tablets or drops were either safe or effective, and that the sale of fluoride drops was illegal.

1994 A study by Narayana and Chinoy comments on "the wide prevalence of infertility in fluorosis-affected human populations in India and other parts of the planet. [Narayana and Chinoy, "Effect of Fluoride on Rat Testicular Steroidogenesis", Fluoride, Vol 27, No. 1, pp.7-12, 1994.]They found that fluorides interfere with androgenesis and adversely impair the target organ structures. There was the suggestion that fluorides may alter the configuration of cellular receptors, thereby inhibiting the action of testosterone in the same way that hormone-disrupting chemicals (chemicals that mimic estrogens) do.

1994 A study on the physiological and behavioral effects of Sodium Fluoride is published on October 12, 1994. The study is done by Mullenix, Denbensten, Schunior and Kernan, from the Toxicology Department, Forsyth Research Institute in Boston, the Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, the Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Eastman Dental Center, and the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at Iowa State University. According to the study, published in Neurotoxicology and Teratology, Vol 17, No. 2, pp. 169-177, 1995, while fluorides have a great number of effects on the body, the effect on the brain and central nervous system structures were examined, and it was found that fluorides affect the hippocampus, which is the central processor which integrates inputs from the environment, memory, and motivational stimuli to produce behavioral decisions and modify memory. Note: Now it can be seen why the Nazis and Soviets used fluorides in the prison camp water supplies to reduce the will to resist and make the prisoners docile and not tend to question authority. It is the primary reason it is added to water supplies, since there is no credible scientific evidence it exists in the water supply for any other purpose. After several years, we have found no credible evidence, only anecdotal reviews by groups with a vested interest in keeping toxic fluorides in use. (See 1957, Montreal Neurological Institute, and the case of H.M). This 1994 study also showed that "effects on behavior relate directly to plasma fluoride levels in the brain, and fluoride accumulation in the brain, establishing that long-term accumulation of fluorides in the brain does occur, even with minimal doses. This 1994 report also stated that "overall, the behavioral changes from fluoride exposures are consistent with interrupted hippocampal development. Although this study was done on rats, according to the report "a generic behavioral disruption is found in this rat study can be indicative of a potential for motor dysfunction, IQ deficits and/or learning disabilities in humans, and that substances that accumulate in brain tissue potentiate concerns about neurotoxic risks. This is the first laboratory study to demonstrate that central nervous system functional output is vulnerable to fluorides that is publicly released, although decades of studies have been done, but not released, by the Mellon Institute and various agencies, who keep the results to themselves for the last 50 years.

1994 In November 1994 in Australia, the Victorian Parliament passes an amendment to the "Fluoridation Act" to change the constitution in order to stop the Supreme Court of Victoria from hearing any public cases or evidence against artificial fluoridation.

1994 Freni, S.C., "Exposure to High Fluoride Concentrations on Drinking Water Associated with Decreased Birth Rates", Journal of Toxicological and Environmental Health, Vol.42, p.109-121, 1994. This is another study which indicates another reason for fluoride administration is population birth control by involuntary chemical medication.

1995 Neurotoxicology and Teratology, Vol 17, No.2,p.169-177, "Neurotoxicity of Sodium Fluoride in Rats", Meullenix, et al, 1995, reveals that fluorides are cumulative in the brain , humans are exposed to plasma fluoride levels as high as those given to rats , fluorides interrupt normal brain development in babies and children , and fluorides affect the hippocampus, the "central processor" in the brain which integrates inputs from the environment, memory, and motivational stimuli to produce behavioral decisions and modify memory. This firmly establishes that mass fluoridation affects the behavior of society, in that it undermines the capacity for people to make decisions and become motivated to act against abnormal environments (such as that present in tyranny).

1995 In Australia, the Tasmanian government passes a bill to prohibit the holding of meetings on the subject of fluoridation. Called the "Consequential Amendments Bill", it is later withdrawn for rewording and reissue at a later date.

1995 A Chinese study on fluorides finds that the IQ of children is lowered in fluoridated areas. Zhang, I.B., et al, "Effect of a High Fluoride Water Supply on Children's Intelligence" [Pending Publication]

1995 On the 50th anniversary of fluoridation in the United States and Canada, a study published by Mullenix et al reveals "the functional output of the central nervous system is vulnerable to fluorides, and that the effects on behavior depend on the age at which exposure takes place and how much fluoride accumulates in brain tissue." Furthermore, "fluorides in drinking water affect the nervous system directly without first causing skeletal deformations from fluorosis". Proponents of fluoridation typically use fluorosis as a measure of effect, when in fact neural effects occur at a very low dosage.

1996 In May 1996, the FDA introduces a new fluoridated drug, this time an "anti- obesity drug, dexfenfluramine, "despite the objection of consumer advocates who content it could cause brain damage." According to the press release on May 1, 1996, the drug "alters the brain chemical serotonin."

1996 The governor of New York signs a bill into law prohibiting communities who do not want water fluoridation from being fluoridated. (June/July 96).

1996 On December 11, 1996, Commander Col. Henry O. Tuell III, wrote to the U.S. Army Medical Command, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, stating, "...recent research and findings regarding efficacy of fluoridation and the adverse health effects could be serious." The Army post at Fort Detrick, Maryland, remains unfluoridated.

1997 A 1944 World War II Manhattan Project classified report on water fluoridation is found to be missing from the files of the University of Rochester Atomic Energy Project, the U.S. National Archives, and the Nuclear Repository at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, by researcher Clifford Honicker, Executive Director of the American Environmental Health Studies Project in Knoxville, Tennessee, which provided key evidence in the public exposure and prosecution of U.S. human radiation experiments.

----------------

Fluoride FACTS

Fluoride Is A Carcinogen Fluoride was found to be an equivocal carcinogen by the National Cancer Institute Toxicological Program.1

Further studies by the New Jersey Department of Health have now confirmed a 6.9 fold increase in bone cancer in young males.2

Earlier studies had found a 5% increase in all types of cancers in fluoridated communities.3

Fluoride Increases Hip Fractures

Drinking fluoridated water will double the number of hip fractures for both older men and women.4 5

NEW: Dental fluorosis on the rise according to new US survey - FAN Science Watch, August 25, 2005

Dental Fluorosis: A Cosmetic Effect? (Back to top)

"it is illogical to assume that tooth enamel is the only tissue affected by low daily doses of fluoride ingestion."
- Dr. Hardy Limeback, Head of Preventive Dentistry, University of Toronto. (2000). Why I am now Officially Opposed to Adding Fluoride to Drinking Water.

"Common sense should tell us that if a poison circulating in a child's body can damage the tooth-forming cells, then other harm also is likely."
- Colquhoun J. (1997). Why I changed my mind about Fluoridation. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 41:29-44.

"It seems prudent at present to assume that the ameloblasts are not the only cells in the body whose function may be disturbed by the physiological concentrations of fluoride which result from drinking water containing 1 ppm"
- Groth, E. (1973), Two Issues of Science and Public Policy: Air Pollution Control in the San Francisco Bay Area, and Fluoridation of Community Water Supplies. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, May 1973.

"The safety of the use of fluorides ultimately rests on the assumption that the developing enamel organ is most sensitive to the toxic effects of fluoride. The results from this study suggest that the pinealocytes may be as susceptible to fluoride as the developing enamel organ."
- Luke J. (1997). The Effect of Fluoride on the Physiology of the Pineal Gland. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Surrey, Guildford. p. 176.

"A linear correlation between the Dean index of dental fluorosis and the frequency of bone fractures was observed among both children and adults."
- Alarcon-Herrera MT, et al. (2001). Well Water Fluoride, Dental fluorosis, Bone Fractures in the Guadiana Valley of Mexico. Fluoride 34(2): 139-149.

-----------------

Dental Fluorosis: What is it? (Back to top)

Dental fluorosis is an irreversible condition caused by excessive ingestion of fluoride during the tooth forming years. It is the first visible sign that a child has been overexposed to fluoride.

Fluoride causes dental fluorosis by damaging the enamel-forming cells, called ameloblasts. The damage to these cells results in a mineralization disorder of the teeth, whereby the porosity of the enamel is increased.

While the dental profession claims that dental fluorosis is solely a 'cosmetic' effect, and not a health effect, this statement is an assumption and not a fact. Certainly, dental fluorosis represents a toxic effect on tooth cells. The question is whether tooth cells are the only cells in the body that are impacted.

As noted by former proponent of fluoridation, Dr. John Colquhoun, "Common sense should tell us that if a poison circulating in a child's body can damage the tooth-forming cells, then other harm also is likely."

As noted by Dr. Hardy Limeback, former President of the Canadian Association of Dental Research, "it is illogical to assume that tooth enamel is the only tissue affected by low daily doses of fluoride ingestion."

Over the past 50 years, the prevalence of dental fluorosis has increased quite dramatically in the United States and other fluoridated countries, reaching almost epidemic numbers.

According to recent estimates, dental fluorosis now effects an average of 48% of children in fluoridated communities (York Review 2000), marking an almost 5-fold increase in fluorosis since the 1940s. (In the 1940s, dental fluorosis rates in fluoridated areas averaged 10%.)

Not only is the prevalence of fluorosis increasing, but so to is its severity. As noted by Dr. Gary Whitford:

"There is a growing body of evidence which indicates that the prevalence and, in some cases, the severity of dental fluorosis is increasing in both fluoridated and non-fluoridated regions in the U.S... This trend is undesirable for several reasons: (1) It increases the risk of esthetically objectionable enamel defects; (2) in more severe cases, it increases the risk of harmful effects to dental function; (3) it places dental professionals at an increased risk of litigation; and (4) it jeopardizes the perception of the safety and, therefore, the public acceptance of the use of fluorides."

According to recent estimates from the U.S. and British Governments, 2 to 12% of children living in fluoridated communities have dental fluorosis of "esthetic concern" (Griffin 2002; York Review 2000).

Dental fluorosis, of esthetic concern, is an expensive condition to treat. If left untreated, it can cause embarrassment for school-aged children, resulting in psychological stress and damaged self-esteem.

There is also mounting evidence that dental fluorosis in its more advanced stages can leave teeth more susceptible to cavities. As noted by pro-fluoridation dental researcher, Dr. Steven Levy, "With more severe forms of fluorosis, caries risk increases because of pitting and loss of the outer enamel" (Levy 2003).

----------------

Q & A on Dental Fluorosis:

"My child has dental fluorosis. What can we do to fix it?"

The damage that dental fluorosis causes to the internal matrix of the teeth is permanent. There is no way to reverse this damage.

However, there are ways to 'hide the damage' -- to treat the surface of the teeth so as to hide the discoloration.

Treatment options for fluorosis vary and will depend in part on the severity of the fluorosis and what you can afford (some of the treatments are very expensive). Some of the more common treatments include:

- Abrasion: Abrasion involves finely sanding off the outer layer of the enamel. It is a common approach when the fluorosis is mild. However, if the fluorosis is of a more advanced severity, abrasion is probably not a good idea as it can bring to the surface of the teeth a highly-porous enamel that will be prone to attrition.

- Composite bonding: Composite bonding first involves lightly roughening the area of the damaged enamel. After etching the enamel, a composite resin (with a color matching your teeth) is "glued" on to the exterior of the tooth.

- Porcelain veneers/laminates: Made out of porcelain, veneers form a ceramic shell over the surface of the tooth. Veneers may need to be replaced after several years, however, which can become quite expensive.

To determine which method of treating fluorosis will be best for you, contact your local dentist. If your dentist doesn't specialize in cosmetic dentistry, he/she should be able to refer you to a nearby dentist who does.

The following is a sampling of emails sent to the Fluoride Action Network (FAN) from people impacted by dental fluorosis.

Dental fluorosis, a discoloration of teeth caused by ingestion of excess fluoride during childhhood, is reaching near-epidemic proportions in the U.S. and other fluoridated countries.

If you have dental fluorosis, and would like to share your questions, experiences, and concerns with this forum, please email us at personal@fluoridealert.org. To protect your privacy, we will not post your name or email address - unless specifically requested to do so.

If you have a photograph of fluorosed teeth that you would like us to post, please add it as an attachment to your email.

My name is Jennifer and I have severe dental fluorosis. I am now 20 and have had this since I was very young. This has really affected my life to the fullest extent. In elementary, middle, and high school, I was teased really bad by the other kids. People did not understand what I was talking about when I tried to explain, they thought I just did not brush my teeth. I can't smile or even look people in the eye when I talk to them. It is completely devastating. Thank God I am finally getting it fixed. I am going in one month for a Composite Bonding. I wish more people knew how exactly this affects children. Especially when they grow older, everyone would like a nice smile, but this makes it so much worse, especially since it is permanent. To everyone else that has it, remember you are not the only ones!!

Sir/ Madam
I have just come across your website and wondered whether you would be able to assist me.

When my older sister was born NHS staff advised my Mum to give her fluoride tablets to help make her teeth strong she took the advice and when I was born I was given the same tablet, until my older sisters second teeth started to show. It was then my mum realized that instead of making our teeth better these tablets had permanently mottled our teeth, mine more obvious than my sisters.

I have researched into bleaching and other cosmetic procedures to rectify this problem which has had an effect on my confidence and self-esteem, but because of the complex nature of the problem the only solution I can find would be to have porcelain veneers which cost a fortune.

Could you tell me if the NHS or any other responsible body was offering compensation for the ill advice they gave vulnerable mothers in the early eighties?

My son has been diagnosed with fluoridosis. I had followed the advice of his pediatrician and given him the fluoride drops, and now we're stuck with the problem. I realize there is nothing I can do about his teeth. Is there simply nothing that can be done at all through nutrition?

My adopted daughter has Fluorosis. Even the dentist didn't know why her teeth were mottled, but when I saw your web site I recognized it instantly. My daughter has big teeth, and unfortunately her teeth deter from her beautiful face. She's 9 years old right now. My question is, what can I DO for her cosmetically? Her teeth look dirty, even when they are not, and she has been getting teased at school. Thanks So Much,

I am so happy to view a website warning people about the dangers of too much fluoride. I am one of the unlucky people who has moderate to severe fluorosis - many of my teeth are pitted and discolored. I am writing this email to thank you because the knowledge provided here has taught me what is safe and not safe for the children that I hope to have some day. I would never want them to go through the embarrassment and humiliation that I have experienced. Also, I was wondering if you know about options that I have as far as getting my teeth fixed. I know that cosmetic dentistry is expensive, so I am looking for something affordable, if there is such a thing. Thanks.

Hello. I have a mild case of flourosis and I hate the way my teeth look. It bothers me a lot, I avoid smiling as a result. I know that there's no way to reverse this... but I want to fix my teeth so that I don't see any more white spots. I particularly concerned with my two front teeth, what cosmetic procedure would you suggest I get?

Hello. I stumbled upon the National Treasury Employees Union report written by Dr. J. William Hirzy dated 05-01-99 a few months ago, through the Feingold Association’s website, and figured out immediately that THIS is what’s wrong with my son’s teeth. My problem, now, however is that I can’t seem to find any information on what to do about it. Can/should I get him tested for fluoride levels in his body? Do I have any recourse against the dentists who’ve prescribed the fluoride pills for him b/c we have well water? And, is there anything I can do to make his “funky teeth” normal again? Can you give me some direction?

Thanks for the reply. I VERY MUCH appreciate it. Do you think it is possible to reverse some of the damage I have already done? I read the worst time to overdose on fluoride is 21-30 months for females (this is when the enamel on those top incisors are forming) and this is the EXACT time we overdosed her! I know you said it's not too late, but can I reverse what I have done so that her fluorosis won't be moderate or severe? What if I give her extra calcium? Do you know? (Can you tell I am very upset about this? ha ha)

I'm 27 years old, and I noticed recently that I have some white spots on my front teeth. I was surprised because I went to the dentist 2 months ago, and he said that my teeth were fine and he didn't mention a thing about the white spots. I don't know whether that was because he didn't see them as cause for concern, or because they only recently appeared.

In any case, I've been reading about Dental Fluorosis on your site, and the pictures labeled "Mild fluorosis" seem to be pretty close to what my teeth look like.

Since this seems to be an irriversible process, is there anything at all that I can do prevent it from getting worse? Is it too late, and will my teeth eventually develop severe fluorosis?

I've started taking calcium supplements and limiting the foods that are high in fluoride (i.e. tea and fluoridated toothpaste). Is there anything else I can do?

I am not dealing with this whole fluoride thing well at all. Every time I look at J...'s teeth I have to hold back my tears. Every baby and toddler I saw at Disney reminded me that at that age I was giving her poison. Every time I look at her I wonder what other damage this poison may have done inside of her.

I know that dealing with distraught moms is probably outside your area of expertise and I appreciate your patience. You're my link to the people and information I need to help my daughter...

Hi, i have flurosis and i need to get it cured! I need help. I went to my local dentist and he had never seen or heard about flurosis. I was born and raised in Australia, not India were the drinking water contained chemicals. All i am asking for is a cure, i have enought info about the preventative measures and causes, but its too late, i've had it on my teeth for as long as i can remember. I am 18 and its my first yr at university, it is really embarrassing talking to people up close. Is there some way you can help me in finding a cost efficient permanent cure?

I think my 8 yr old son has fluorosis, so what do I do now? He has been using flouride toothpaste for years and a fluoride supplement his dentist prescribed AND rinses with ACT on occasion which has fluoride in it. He has some white spots on his two top front teeth which are still growing in and are his permanent teeth. He also has developemental delays, which makes me wonder. At this point, will this go away and should I stop using fluoride now to help it or is the harm already done if I can see white spots already? thanks for info

I can't seem to find any information on how to correct dental fluorosis. I am a 25 yr old aspiring t.v. reporter who just noticed a small white spot on my front tooth and I want to correct it. My career is partly based on my looks, so I'm a little paranoid about the spot. PLEASE let me know if there's any way to fix this!! THANK YOU!!

I recently became aware of the dangers of fluoridated water after the movie "Dr. Strangelove" prompted me to look up information on fluoridation, which at first, I thought was a big joke.

After reading the material on your and others sites, I have taken some "first level" actions to find out more about this situation.

I have contacted the ADA, the city health office of Norfolk, VA as well as other government and civilian
agencies. I even wrote to the Brita water filtration company asking why their filters are not advertised as removing fluoride.

After studying the nature and physical symptoms of Dental Fluorosis and am now dismayed to finally learn that the white spots on my teeth are not degraded tooth enamel, but mild DF. Can you recommend a good non-fluoride toothpaste?

If you have a mailing list, please include me and I hope to be in touch with you in the future.

My daughter recently went to a new dentist, who diagnosed fluorosis. We have changed toothpaste to an organic type w/no added fluoride, but I am concerned about the bottled water she consumes (a lot). How do I find a brand that does not use fluoride to purify? Is there a list online?
Thank you for your help!

Hello. I have a question about Dental Fluorosis. I think I might have it. I have had white marks on my 2 front teeth as long as I can remember. I never knew what caused it. I had no idea it might be dental fluorosis. Is there any way to tell for sure? Have you ever heard of someone suing their municipality for causing dental fluorosis?

I have a special needs child that does not know how to spit the toothpaste out. He is a toddler. His dr. said to use regular toothpaste with fluoride in it so I have been using kids sparkle fun flavor.

My concern is that his teeth are yellow and at the tips they are a grayish color. Even though I brush them 2x a day. They get that color not too long after brushing. He also takes nebulizer treatments for his breathing. I had read that they might could cause it. But his dr. said that he doesn't think that it would be causing it. He has been on it for months for the discoloring to start now. He thought it might be the well water but my son doesn't eat any foods that we cook and our area has high fluoride also but that would not be it either.

I wanted to see if anyone reading this email might have some insight on what I could try. Maybe I need to change the toothpaste or something like that. If you would email me back please.

I am 39 years old and was exposed to Fluorspar in our drinking water when I was growing up. My upper teeth had to be removed by the age of 14 due to deterioration. My back lower teeth never came out, are still dormant according to my dentist. I had to have a partial put in.

My question: "Is it safe for me to have a child. Do I have a greater chance of having a Down Syndrome baby? or even bone deformities?" Can this be a hidden cause for my asthma and other aches and pains. If yes, what can I do... My clock is ticking...I'm finally with a loving man for a long time. If at all possible I would like to have a child.

my son has what looks like to me severe dental fluorosis, although our dentist has transfered us to see a dental specialist no one wants to say what is actually wrong with his teeth, how can we find out more.

My daughter is almost 6 yrs.old. She was born in Phoenix where we lived untill she was 1. We now live in southern Ca. When she was born I was very unsure about the care of children. I got some notion that my daughter needed aditional fluoride. Her doctor perscribed fluoride drops. I have no written record of the prescription or remember how long I gave it to her. Now her adult teeth are comming in and they are not as white as her baby teeth and one has a white spot on it. her dentist keeps telling me they are fine but I think maybe he has just never seen damage due to fluoride. I am also having a hard time accepting that I did this very large and important mistake to my child. What should I do? I am sure this is the problem, but I do want comformation and I am worried about her health, bones etc. I gave her the fluoride sometime before she was 1.

Skeletal fluorosis is characterized by hyperostosis, osteopetrosis, and osteoporosis (Obel, 1971; Shupe, 1980). An extensive review of cattle fluorosis has been given by Obel (1971). Agriculture Canada (1976) found that 25/36 cattle located on several Cornwall Island farms in the Saint Regis Quebec region displayed real or potential symptoms of chronic fluorosis. This diagnosis was based on the presence of lesions in the teeth and skeleton, as well as measurement of inorganic fluoride levels in blood and urine (Agriculture Canada, 1976). A subsequent study of livestock in this region reported stiffness and inflamed leg joints, dental fluorosis, osteosclerosis, osteonecrosis and bone deformations (Krook and Maylin, 1979).

The degree to which inorganic fluoride can induce skeletal changes varies considerably between the various animal species. Franke (1989) cites data which show that cattle are the most sensitive to skeletal fluorosis, followed by sheep, horses, pigs, rabbits, rats, guinea pigs and poultry. The sensitivity of cattle is attributed to their negative calcium balance, which is particularly noticeable in lactating cattle after calving; another contributing factor is the length of time which the bolus remains in the stomach of ruminants. The calcium found in cow's milk is supplied from both dietary and bone-resorption sources in approximately equal proportions (Comar et al., 1961; Maylin and Krook, 1982). Inorganic fluoride uptake occurs in bone tissue primarily through the replacement of hydroxyl groups of calcium hydroxyapatite, the major mineral phase in bone, causing the incorporation of the inorganic fluoride as calcium fluorapatite. A histological study of humerus bones from cattle exposed to atmospheric inorganic fluorides from a group of phosphate fertilizer factories in southern Brazil showed very little formation of primary spongiosa with reduced numbers and sizes of osteoblasts (Riet-Correa at al., 1986). Osteons were irregular in shape, size, and distribution in compact mandibular bone. Enlarged Haversian canals, irregular distribution of osteocytes, variation in calcium content, resorption cavities, and increased and irregular interstitial lamellae accompanied symptoms of fluorosis. As a result of excessive exposure to inorganic fluoride, capillaries invade the cartilage unevenly and with difficulty so that the border becomes dented, resulting in isolated islands of cartilage (Obel, 1971). Bone marrow becomes fibrous and poor in cells, and hyperactivity of the parathyroid may also occur as a result of decreased systemic calcium.

A drop in milk production has been described amongst cattle in the Massena/St. Regis area (Maylin and Krook, 1982). Milk production in a herd located near an aluminum plant was monitored continuously for 20 years. Milk production started to decrease from the fifth year of inorganic fluoride exposure, and although early losses were not statistically significant, by year eight the losses were significant to the 1% level, and by year 10 to the 0.19 level. Maylin and Krook (1982) also described the symptoms in herd of cattle. By 1972 the conception rates were low, retained placentas were very common and the number of abortions increased. The cows were fed from fodder grown on the farm, samples of which averaged 19.5 ug F-/g dry weight), a value considerably lower than the NAS had determined as detrimental. [emphasis added]

Dental fluorosis is generally characterized by the presence of various enamel defects and lesions such as mottling, hypoplasia, hypocalcification and increased wear. Mottled and defective enamel is believed to be solely an indication of inorganic fluoride exposure during the development of the teeth, as effects are not apparent in teeth which have already erupted prior to exposure (Obel, 1971).

Specifically in cattle dental fluorosis results in chalky-white, yellow or brown discolourations, hypoplasia, pitting and loss of enamel and hyperplasia of the cement. This is sometimes accompanied by gingival hyperplasia (Riet-Correa at al., 1986). Ockerse (1941) observed severe tooth lesions in cattle on a farm where the drinking water contained 11.78 mg F-/L, while Neeley and Harbaugh (1954) found dental lesions but no other symptoms in cattle where water contained 4 to 5 mg F-/L (Obel, 1971). Difficulty in eating was observed, however, in a herd of about 200 Brangus cattle whose water supply contained above 3 mg F-/L. Dental examination revealed that the cattle suffered severe dental fluorosis with the teeth having mottled, eroded, and irregular permanent incisors and black molars with irregular surfaces. Serum samples did not support a diagnosis of fluorosis; however bone tissues contained 2400 ug F-/g (rib), 1300 ug F-/g (metacarpal), and 2015 ug F-/g (mandible), while normal bone levels range from 401 to 1221 ug F-/g (Hibbs and Thilsted, 1983). This case indicates that chronic exposure to inorganic fluoride can be missed if only serum levels are used as an indicator of exposure.

Cows which were exposed to inorganic fluoride in drinking water at concentrations of 5, 10 or 12 mg F-/kg produced significantly fewer calves than the controls. This effect preceded the development of clinical symptoms of fluorosis, which therefore suggests that harmful effects on reproduction cannot be considered a secondary effect of fluorosis (Life Systems Inc., 1985).

Stoddard et al. (1963) fed calves from four months of age 10, 28, 55, and 109 ug F-/g in total ration, (dry matter) for 7.5 years. Taking the milk yield as 100% at a level of 10 ug F-/g in the total ration, the treatments 28, 55, and 109 ug F-/g resulted in milk yields of 93%, 82%, and 60% respectively. A linear relationship was established between the milk yield and the inorganic fluoride content of the feed (r = -0 9999). Stoddard at a1.(1963) concluded that the small differences in milk production at treatment levels below 40 ug F-/g were within natural variation, and this level served as the basis for US forage guidelines.

Table 1 shows the phases of skeletal fluorosis mentioned in the article below. None of them are likely to be recognised by North American doctors because they are not trained to diagnose fluorosis. The preliminary stages can easily be misdiagnosed for rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis or other similar diseases.

It is also noteworthy to mention that this is not the first "error" made by Harold C Hodge (see poison.htm for more info). Was it really two honest mistakes or did it reflect a hidden agenda?

What is the minimum intake of fluoride (F) which causes skeletal fluorosis, and how long is it before the onset of this disease? Kaj Roholm's 1937 study of industrial fluorosis showed that phases of skeletal fluorosis could occur, with an F intake of 0.2-0.35 mg/kg of body weight/day, after 2 yrs and 5 months for phase one; 4 yrs and 10 months for phase two and 11 yrs and 2 months for phase three (crippling skeletal fluorosis).1

Descriptions of the symptoms and range of F in bone ash for each clinical phase of skeletal fluorosis follow:

In 1953, Dr Harold C Hodge, the leading F toxicologist, applying Roholm's intake dosage range of 0.2-0.35 mg/kg/day to the range of weights of 100-229 lbs, concluded that 20-80 mg/day of fluoride intake for 10-20 years would be necessary to produce skeletal fluorosis. This result was published in 1953 by the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council (NAS/NRC). In 1990, in response to queries about fluoride in a NAS/NRC publication,3 NAS/NRC quoted Roholm as supporting evidence for the statement that "fluorosis occurs after years of daily exposure of 20-80 mg/day". Unfortunately, Hodge had made an incredible blunder, because he had not corrected for pounds (lbs). He had calculated 0.2 mg x 100 (lbs) = 20 mg and 0.35 x 229 (lbs) = 80 mg giving a range of 20-80 mg/day.

This error was repeated in numerous subsequent publications purporting to report the range of intakes required to produce skeletal fluorosis. The erroneous statement was in the NAS/NRC book Fluorides of 1971. In 1991 NAS/NRC in a letter quoted additional supporting references:

This letter also stated "The RDA subcommittee did not conduct experiments and come up with this range; rather, we reported this figure based on the work of others and on review papers." However, all the above reviews had accepted Hodge's miscalculation from Roholm's classic study. Thus all the above supporting references, which have been widely cited to support the safety of water fluoridation, contained the same erroneous information.

The corrected intake range for people between 100-229 lbs is 9.1-36.4 mg/day (based on 2.2 lbs/kg). Hodge partially corrected his error in a 1979 paper stating: "Crippling fluorosis as an occupational disease follows exposures estimated at 10 to over 25 mg of fluoride daily during periods of 10-20 years." 4 In a 1993 American Dental Association pamphlet, Fluoridation Facts, the incorrect dosage range was quoted but cited Hodge's paper of 1979. NAS/NRC finally quoted the corrected Hodge's dosage rate for skeletal fluorosis (SF) (10-25 mg/day of fluoride for 10-20 years) in 1993. It was also stated by NAS/NRC that "it is no longer feasible to estimate with reasonable accuracy the level of fluoride exposure simply on the basis of concentration in drinking water supply." 5.

Extrapolating from Roholm's original figures, it follows that for a 100 lb person, at less than 2.5 mg/day fluoride intake, stage 1 of SF can occur within 10 years. At this same dosage rate, stage 2 of SF can occur after 19 years and crippling skeletal fluorosis after 45 years. There is evidence that some people are ingesting at least 5 mg/day, in which case the stages of skeletal fluorosis can occur after 5, 10 and 23 years, respectively.

NAS has this year proposed to publish, for its sister organization the Institute of Medicine (IOM), "Dietary Reference Intakes", accepting Roholm's dosage range but relating these to early skeletal fluorosis. They then quoted: "... Advanced stages of skeletal fluorosis are associated with intakes of fluoride ranging from 20 to 80 mg/day for 10 or more years (Hodge and Smith 1977, WHO 1984)." The quotes may be accurate but the statements are false. NAS/IOM and other public health bodies must decide whether their task is to advance the health of the public or be apologists for the industries, which produce fluoride toxic wastes.

Hodge, NAS/NRC, and all other public health bodies, who quoted the incorrect dosage rates, were grossly negligent and, in some cases, deliberately misleading. They certainly misled by quoting the incorrect dosage rate for skeletal fluorosis, NOT crippling skeletal fluorosis.

Many reputations are at stake here, but the evidence is clear that the risks of fluoride far outweigh any minor benefit to teeth. Pride has to be swallowed and the precautionary principle applied. An increase in more severe skeletal fluorosis is due to erupt as older people enter the risk window. Water fluoridation should cease immediately and steps should be taken to reduce fluoride in food, drink, and dental products. [emphasis added]

References

1 Fluorine Intoxication. A Clinical-Hygienic Study. H K Lewis, London 1937 pp 213-253.
2 Review of Fluoride: Benefits and Risks. US Public Health Service, 1991.
3 Recommended Dietary Allowances. 10th Edition. Food and Nutrition Board, National Academy of Sciences, 1990.
4 Hodge HC. The Safety of Fluoride Tablets or Drops. In: Johansen E, Taves DR, Olsen TO (Eds). Continuing Evaluation of the Use of Fluorides. American Association for the Advancement of Science, Selected Symposium 11. Westview Press, Boulder CO 1979.
5 Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride. Committee on Toxicology, National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences Press, Washington DC 1993
Articles from Fluoride, Journal of the International Society for Fluoride Research are reproduced with permission.

Clinical and radiological investigations were performed for 2,258 aluminum workers exposed to fluoride for an average of 17.6 yr (standard deviation = 7.6). Changes in bone and joints were presented in detail in three groups: (1) exposed up to 5 yr (135 cases), (2) exposed from 6-32 years (1,463 cases), and (3) retired workers (660 cases). A semi-quantitative assessment of early fluorosis was introduced. A 20.2% incidence of fluorosis was found, but according to Roholm, only 1.05% was in stage I. The disease was mainly in the pre-stages of O and OI [see note below]. A close relationship between the occurence of fluorosis and the time and degree of fluoride exposure was found. The difficulties in diagnosing skeletal fluorosis result from the questionable sensitivity of the x-ray techniques and from the non-specificity of the associated symptoms. A qualitative method to assess osteosclerosis and bone structure alteration is needed.

"Discussion: ... We would like to point out that although fluorosis was rare in our material, only 15.7% of those examined could be assessed as free from any changes in the bones or joints. This finding might suggest that fluoride has nonspecific effects worth evaluating."

NOTE: O: "possible fluorosis (multiple joint pains, motion limited in at least two joints or spine, initial ossifications noticeable on the radiographs)"
OI: "initial fluorosis (advanced painful symptoms, advance limitation of motion in at least two joints or spine, marked ossifications noticed on two or more radiographs, initial osteosclerosis, slight periosteal reaction and thickening of the long-bone cortices"

--------------

EPA scientists take action against EPA for failing to protect public health, 1986

Support The Love For Life Campaign, Kindom & The Cristian Family

Supporting The Love For Life Website, The Cristian Family and The Living Dream Of Kindom (Creation Of Do No Harm Communities) - The Love for Life website is produced for free without a fee (no contract or conditions attached) as a gift of love for the benefit of others. If you feel you have gained something from visiting it, feel inspired, and would like to reciprocate as an equal exchange in substance and support (value), you are most welcome to make a gift of love to keep it and the dream of Kindom going. As always, we thank you for your gifts of love.

PAY PAL

We Stand For NO SYSTEM

Kindom (Do No Harm Communities) is the dream for freedom, but it is the dream for the freedom of those around us who also live the dream of freedom, because it is in living for the freedom of others that we get our freedom. When we live for the dreams of Kindom of those around us, we live life as a gift because we live for (dedicate our lives to) their dream of freedom, truth, peace, joy, abundance, etc, just as they live for our Kindom dreams too. This is true co-creation (cooperation) with no attack on the uniqueness of each of us. When we live this way, we have no need for any man-made system - everything/everyone has already been taken care of by our love for life.

Just as we do not have to jump 10 feet across the room to grab our next breath, neither do we have to worry about food, water and shelter because it has all been taken care of as we each co-create Kindoms/Kin-Domains for everyone. Now everybody and everything of the dream of life that is Kindom/Paradise is free (has been set free once again). The issue is greed and selfishness, power and control trips, arrogance, ignorance, being fed many many lies and being traumatised. The issue is not overpopulation - there is more than enough land available for every family to have a hectare (2.5 acres Kin-Domain) to care for. The land of Australia can provide a Kin-Domain for every family across Earth, each with a food forest, clean fresh drinking water and plenty of space for building natural do no harm habitats and with plenty of land left over.

Everyone must have the freedom to take full-responsibility for their lives, for the water they drink, the food they eat and for their shelter. Currently, "The System" forces everyone to give up taking full-responsibility so that we become grown up children accustomed to sucking on the nipples of "The System" corporations for everything, having to use money to get by and to follow the rules of money because we are not co-creating freedom, peace, truth, joy and abundance for each other. Money only leads to haves and have nots and all the abuse, manipulation and distractions that we are subjected to as slaves to money.

When we give up living for other's Kindom dreams, we start creating hell ("The System") all around us because we become self-centred - now it's all about "my freedom","my money", "my land", "my belief", "my saviour", "mine", "mine","mine", "i","i", "i", "own", "own", "own", etc. To protect what we claim we own requires a man-made system with FORCE to protect those self-centred claims. This is ALL trauma based and all story-telling (brainwashing/braindirtying).

NO SYSTEM = KINDOM/DO NO HARM COMMUNITIES

Our true freedom comes when we set our thoughts of freedom into motion so that we live freedom rather than just talking and thinking about it while we still slave for "The System". Kindom will not happen while we meditate for hours in the bush or do yoga retreats or wait for Jesus or follow the processes of the OPPT (One People's Public Trust now called One People). This is not freedom because we are not living freedom because we are living the story-telling of Jesus or Zeitgeist or The Secret or Thrive or One Earth/Consciousness/People.

Living Kindom is very, very hard work as we set about repairing the damage to MAN/Earth/Nature that we are ALL responsible for but the burden becomes lighter the more of us put our life-energy into the dream of returning Earth to Paradise. Day-after-day, we all have to work our arses off until Kindom is all around us (MAN) once again. This is the price we pay to set each other free on a piece of land (Kin-Domain), so that no one is under the image-power (education/brainwashing/story-telling) of another MAN anymore and so that everyone can have their space of love to create and live their unique, do no harm dreams. This only happens once we have the Kindoms set up so that everyone is provided for.

Once we re-create the food forests, whether on land or in the suburbs, we can re-claim our freedom, breaking the strangle-hold of "The System" because we are no longer reliant on its services and benefits and no longer turning each other into slaves of "The System", cogs in the wheels of "The System" machine. If we don't put the effort in to set everyone and everything free all around us then we still live in HELL ("The System"). The key is to live for everyone else's freedom so that we can have it too.

We live for NO SYSTEM. We do not lose anything by not having a man-made system and, in fact, we gain. We gain our freedom and we gain abundance. Let go of the fear.

A Collection Of Various Love For Life Posts
Providing The Big Picture We See

Sequential Order

We ask you to NOT believe anything we say/share and instead use scrutiny like an intense blow torch and go where the logic of truth/sense takes you. This is very, very important. Put everything you believe up to the test of scrutiny to see how it stacks up. If you are true to your heart/senses and go where the logic of truth/sense takes you will find that NO belief, etc, will stand up to the test of scrutiny. They just do not stack up because they are lies/fraud.

After you have watched and read all the material and any questions are left unanswered, send us your landline number and we will use the internet phone as a free unlimited call. We are on Sydney NSW Australia time. Best times for us to chat are between 11.00am and 6.00pm.

It is critical that you fully comprehend Image Power, "Spelling", Trauma, Reaction To Trauma, Curses, Processing Curses, Full-Responsibility/Liability, Limited Liability/Responsibility (passing-the-back), Slavery, Senses/Sense vs Non-Sense/Senses, Re-Presenting Intellectual Property such as but not limited to "Name", Storytelling/Storytellers, Duality, Black-Magic, Belief, Lies, "i", All Seeing "i" (eye), etc..... These themes and others are covered over and over and over again.

If you do not comprehend these insights and are unable to use your senses to sense your way through all the non-sense/non-sensory-images that enslave MAN under their image power (darkness = "The System" = Hell), men and women will remain deeply trapped under a terrible state of trauma. Our intention is to inspire you to remedy by showing you how to move away from reacting to trauma in all its nefarious and devious forms.

The "Name" Is The Mark Of The Beast
The Strawman Identifying
Your Slave Status In "The System"
By Arthur Cristian - Love For Life
5th February 2012 - 56 Minutes 25 Secondshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DdOag66v7uo

IMAGE POWER
The Nefarious Tactics Used
To Disguise Truth And Distract Us
From Remedy
Arthur & Fiona Cristian
Love For Life
24th January 2014
This post contains many recent Facebook comments
and email replies which collectively provides a big picture
into exposing the deception behind IMAGE POWER.http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8496

E-MAN
The Name Of The Beast Is MAN
Arthur & Fiona Cristian
Love For Life - 9th May 2014 Includes Mountain MAN Arrested
Facebook Discussion About "Name"
Uploaded 25th June 2014http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8528

Discussion With Brother Gregory
Clearly Demonstrating Christianity
Is Part Of The Problem
And Not The Solution
Arthur & Fiona Cristian
Love For Life
Between the 12th May 2014 and 30th August 2014http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8542

The Most Powerful Video On Spirituality
And Happiness FOR SLAVES
Or
How To Accept Slavery And Be Happy About It
Arthur Cristian - Love For Life
6th August 2014
Facebook Discussion About The Work Of Eckhart Tollehttp://loveforlife.com.au/node/8548

What Can We Do What Can We See
Arthur Cristian - Love For Life
A series of Arthur Cristian Facebook
posts and discussions
between 17th and 21st November 2014http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8552

The Misuse Of Love By Intel Networks
To Create Doubt And Uncertainty
With The Intention To Destroy Love
And Therefore Destroy MAN
(True Freedom, Peace, Joy, Abundance And Truth
For Everyone)
By Arthur Cristian - Love For Life
26th November 2014http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8554

Darkness Visible Part Three
How The Word Sausage
Re-Presents The New World Order
Boiling Point & Out To Get Us
Arthur & Fiona Cristian
Love For Life
27th December 2014http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8560

Darkness Visible Part Four
Aleister Crowley - Thelema - OTO
And The Black Magic Psychedelia Of The Intellect
Facebook Discussion
4th to 10th January 2015http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8561

Darkness Visible Part Six
The Many Fingers Of The Hidden Hand Appearing
YouTube Community Flagged A Video
Posted To The ArthurLoveForLife YouTube Channel
As Being "Hate Speech"
Fiona Cristian & Arthur Cristian
Love For Life
4th February 2015http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8563

Darkness Visible Part Seven
The Full Responsibility For Setting
True Freedom For All Into Motion
In Present-Sense Forevermore
Fiona Cristian & Arthur Cristian
Love For Life
10th February 2015http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8564

What Do You Believe On Origins?
Who Said There Was A Beginning?
Who's Truth Do You Accept?
Belief Is A Strange Idea.
Discussion Lyndell, Scott and Arthur & Fiona Cristian
Between March and April 2013
Posted 29th October 2013http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8487

Control The Land
And You Control MAN On The Land
Displace MAN From Land
And You Turn MAN Into Slaves
Arthur & Fiona Cristian - Love For Life
April 2011 (Updated 14th September 2011)http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8237

Peaceful Transition Through Sacrifice And Service

We feel there is an essential peaceful do no harm transition required to get all of MAN back to standing on MANS feet without reliance upon another MAN for water, food, shelter. As it stands everyone in "The System" are highly dependent and reliant on the "group mind-set" that forms "The System" of slaves providing services and benefits for the emotionally addicted slaves to "The System" (and you can put us in the same basket too). The transition is to get MAN back to relying ONLY on nature without 3rd party interlopers, intermeddlers, interceders getting in the way. The transition is a team effort with the foresight for setting all of MAN free down-the-line so that MAN is no longer dependent on slaves and masters providing services, benefits, privileges and exclusivity while being bound to contracts, rituals, procedures, conditions, rules & regulations which compromises MAN severely.

This transition is all about shifting from limited liability/responsibility to full liability/responsibility. This full responsibility is all about caring for our health, nature all around us, clean uncorrupted (pure) water and food, partner/co-creator, children, shelter, animal-friends in partnership, etc. In "The System", we are already together destroying each other - we have to come together to create peace together so that we can all have peace. We cannot live peacefully when we are islands, not taking full responsibility for the lives of those around us until EVERYONE can take full responsibility for their life, which means that EVERYONE is healed of system trauma. In "The System", we all come together to make slaves of each other - now is the moment to come together to set each other free, to live for each other's freedom, peace, joy and abundance. Once we have set each other free, we are free.

Control The Land
And You Control MAN On The Land
Displace MAN From Land
And You Turn MAN Into Slaves
Arthur & Fiona Cristian - Love For Life
April 2011 (Updated 14th September 2011)http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8237

Once we fix these issues, we or our children or our descendants to come, can start focusing on the even bigger picture of getting back to where our ancestors were, as breatharyan's, before they fell into non-sense images to be enslaved by them.

All the best to you and your family
Arthur & Fiona Cristian
Love For Life

The Cristian Family Declaration

The Cristian family and The Love for Life Campaign are apolitical, non-religious, non-violent, anti weapons, anti drugs (both pharmaceutical and recreational) and anti any ideology that denies the existence of Do No Harm Communities (Kindoms) and suppresses the uniqueness and freedom of all men, women and children.

The Cristian family and our Love For Life work is unaligned to any big business corporation, intelligence agency, government body, "system" law, "system" think tanks, "system" green or environmental movements, religion, cult, sect, society (fraternity, brotherhood, sisterhood, order, club, etc,) secret or not, hidden agenda, law or sovereignty group, occult, esoteric, New Age or Old Age.

The Cristian family supports and promotes the remedy that brings an everlasting peace, freedom, truth, joy, abundance and do no harm for all of life without causing loss of uniqueness or the need for having slaves and rulers. We are not into following the one in front or being shepherds for sheeple. Most importantly, we take full-responsibility for everything we think, feel and do.

The Cristian family are not Christians.

Arthur & Fiona Cristian
Love For Life

December 2006

THE CRISTIAN FAMILY PLEDGE

Being of clear brain, heart and intention, we each declare the following to be true:

• We have no intention of ending our own lives.

• We will not tolerate suppression of truth, ideas, freedom, or our work. We stand for freedom of speech.

• We stand together to support others in the expression of truths and freedom to speak out no matter how radical those ideas may seem.

• Standing for freedom takes courage; together we shall be strong in the face of all odds.

• If it is ever claimed that we have committed suicide, encountered an unfortunate accident, died of sickness/disease, disappeared, been institutionalized, or sold out financially or in any other way to self-interested factions, we declare those claims false and fabricated.

• We testify, assert and affirm without reservation, on behalf of all those who have dedicated their lives to the ending of secrecy and the promotion of freedom of thought, ideas and expression that we shall prevail.

Update Regarding The Love For Life
Home Page And Quick User Guide

We are turning the Love for Life Quick User Guide http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6608 into a blog of all the main insights of our work since March 2005, whether through articles, videos, podcasts or discussions/debates.

As we do not have the time to compile everything we have written into a book, as many have suggested we do, compiling all our most important work into one area of the website is a way of providing easy access to this work so those interested are able to fully comprehend the big picture.

Love For Life Videos

As amateurs and posted in the Quick User Guide below the Facebook links, we're currently creating and posting a series of videos called "The Dream Of Life" which covers the ground of all the Love For Life insights. We plan to have the videos completed by December 31st 2012. Once this is behind us, our intention is to create a 2 hour or so video covering the body of this work. All videos are embedded in the quick user guide http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6608 and uploaded in Arthur's YouTube channel: http://www.youtube.com/user/ArthurLoveForLife.

About Us - Love For Life & The Cristian Family

Also, everything we, the Cristian family, have gone through, from bank fraud and the theft of the family home to death threats and attempts on Arthur's life, is documented in the Quick User Guide too. If you, the reader, are prepared to put the effort in, you will comprehend the extent to which we have all been tricked into becoming slaves, giving up our uniqueness and our full-responsibility for life and destroying everything of life to the point where life is in danger of dying out completely. You will also comprehend the remedy to all this chaos; a remedy that requires only love for life and the determination to do what needs to be done. Though our focus is very strongly on the remedy that creates a world of freedom, truth, peace, joy, abundance and Do No Harm for all of life without loss of uniqueness or the need for slaves and rulers, we realise that it is vital to comprehend how to get there and what stops us from getting there. This is why there is so much information on the hows and whys of everything going wrong in the world today. We are not into peddling conspiracy theories, we are into routing out all forms of organised crime.

1. For The Body Of The Love For Life Work by Arthur and Fiona Cristian

Which Unravels The Reasons For The Chaos, Mayhem and Confusion Being Experienced In The World Today, Explains The Need For "Community Immunity" and Responsibility, and Focuses On The Creation Of Kindoms - Do No Harm, Life-Sustainable Communities (As The Remedy That Heals All Mans Woes) - And How We Can Co-Create Them. For Comments, Articles And Discussions, Go Here: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/3385 - Also Go Here To See Podcasts And Videos Posted by Arthur & Fiona Cristian: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/7309 - The Information Shared Comes From Inspiration, Intuition, Heartfelt-Logic And Information Gathered From Nature And Many Amazing Men And Women Along The Way. It Is Not Found In Any Books Or Channellings, Or Talked About By "Experts". Go Here To Read A Brief Synopsis Of Why We Started Love For Life: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8182

5. If You Would Like To Read About The Cristian Family NSW Supreme Court Case

(Macquarie Bank/Perpetual Limited Bank Fraud Condoned By Judges, Registrars, Barristers, Lawyers, Politicians, Public Servants, Bureaucrats, Big Business and Media Representatives - A Crime Syndicate/Terrorist Organisation) Which Prompted The Creation Of This Love For Life Website December 2006, And The Shooting And Torture Of Supporters Who Assisted Us In Reclaiming The Family Home, Joe Bryant And His Wife, Both In Their Late 70's, go here: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/5 And Read Some Of Our Email Correspondence With Lawyer Paul Kean - Macedone Christie Willis Solari Partners - Miranda Sydney May 17th-June 27th 2006: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/7300

6. For The Stories Of Other Victims Of The System,

7. For Documentation Of Harm Done By The Powers-That-Be And Their Representatives,

Evidence Revealing How Victims Did Not Break The Peace, Caused No Crime or Harm, There Were No Injured Parties. Documenting Incontrovertible Evidence Demonstrating How The Powers That Be (PTB) And Their Lackeys Will Break All The Laws They Are Supposed To Uphold. They Will Kidnap, Intimidate, Terrorise, Rape, Pillage, Plunder And Lie And Take Responsibility For None Of It. All Part Of Their Tactics Of Using Fear And Trauma To Keep Us In Our Place. Relatives Of Those Under Their Radar Are Also Not Safe From Attack And Intimidation. All Starting From A $25 Fine For Not Voting And A $65 Fine For Not Changing A Dog Registration. We Do Not Have Freedom And Can Only Appear To Have Freedom If We Comply. Regardless How Small The Matter The PTB Throw Hundreds Of Thousands Of Dollars Away To Enforce Their Will.... Go Here:
Fiona Cristian Reply To State Debt Recovery Office - Part One to Part Ten - From 17th October 2008 And Still Continuing:http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6319 or Fiona Cristian Reply To State Debt Recovery Office Part One: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/5742 - From 17th October 2008 Part Two: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6135 - From 18th December 2008 Part Three: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6295 - From 9th January 2009 Part Four: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6296 - From 14th January 2009 Part Five: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6375 - The Sick Puppy - From 20th February 2009 Part Six: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6390 - Police Officers, Sheriff’s Officers, Tow Truck Driver and State Debt Recovery Office Blatantly Ignore the Law To Rape, Pillage and Plunder The Private Property Of Fiona Cristian - From 11th March 2009 Part Seven: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6445 - Affidavit Of Truth - Letter To The Queen + Australia: Fascism is Corporatism - From 30th March 2009 Part Eight: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6652 - The Pirates Auction And The Ghost Of VSL386 - From 4th April 2009 Part Nine: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/7073 - Arthur Cristian's Letter To Pru Goward MP - From 15th December 2009 Part Ten: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/7500 - Should We Be In Fear Of Those Who Claim To Protect Us? "Roman Cult" Canon Law - Ecclesiastical Deed Poll - The Work Of Frank O'Collins - From 13th October 2010

8. If You Are Interested In Information On Freedom From Statutes, Rule-Of-Law, Free Man/Free Woman, Strawman, "Person" and Admiralty Law (The Law Of Commerce),

Love For Life Legal Disclaimer

The information contained on this world wide web site (the web site and all information herein shall be collectively referred to as "Web Site Information"), under the registered url name, loveforlife.com.au, resides on a host server environment in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15203, United States of America.

The Web Site Information has been prepared to provide general information only and is not intended to constitute or be construed as providing substantive professional advice or opinion on any facts or circumstances. Transmission of the information is not intended to create, nor does its receipt give rise to, a professional-client relationship between 'Love for Life' and the receiver.

While every care has been taken to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the information prepared and/or reported on this site, 'Love for Life' is not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the Web Site Information not being up to date. The Web Site Information may not reflect the most current developments.

The impact of the law, policy and/or procedure for any particular situation depends on a variety of factors; therefore, readers should not act upon any Web Site Information without seeking professional advice. 'Love for Life' is not responsible for any action taken in reliance on any Web Site Information herein.

'Love for Life' is not responsible for any action you or others take which relies on information in this website and/or responses thereto. 'Love for Life' disclaim all responsibility and liability for loss or damage suffered by any person relying, directly or indirectly, on the Web Site Information, including in relation to negligence or any other default.

'Love for Life' does not warrant, represent or hold out that any Web Site Information will not cause damage, or is free from any computer virus, defect(s) or error(s). 'Love for Life' is not liable to users for any loss or damage however caused resulting from the use of material found on its web site.

'Love for Life' does not necessarily endorse or approve of any Web Site Information linked to and contained on other web sites linked herein and makes no warranties or representations regarding the merchantability or fitness for purpose, accuracy and quality, of any such information.

The sending of information by you, and the receipt of it by 'Love for Life', is not intended to, and does not, create a professional-client relationship.

All Web Site Information is considered correct at the time of the web site's most recent revision.

ADDITIONAL DISCLAIMER

THE CRISTIAN FAMILY SUPPORTS
FREEDOM OF SPEECH - FREEDOM OF THOUGHT

Note: Updated Wednesday 17th June 2009 8.00pm Sydney Time.

Love For Life does not support harm doing in any shape or form. However, we are supporters of free speech so we post articles, documentaries, etc, that represent a wide cross section of ideas. See the Love For Life extensive research library where there are over 11,000 individual documents, articles, videos, podcasts and debates/discussions are posted: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/82. We clearly see the evidence of the destruction to MAN and Earth that has been caused by ALL religions over the centuries and are therefore not supporters of religions, cults, sects or any group that demands conformity of thought, speech or action, or has rules, regulations or rituals that must be followed. Religions, nationalities and cultural "identities" are formed as a result of the brainwashing we receive from childhood. They are part of the tactics the Establishment uses to keep us all divided from one another and fighting one another.

All religions promote discrimination and division, leading to hatred and even violence and murder. None of them have yet to produce a remedy to all the suffering, poverty, unhappiness and discrimination in the world. If any religion truly had the remedy to all the suffering on earth, there would no longer be any suffering. What have Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, atheism and the New Age done to end the suffering in the world?

Freedom Of Speech - Freedom Of Thought

Since December 2006, there have been many attempts to take down the Love For Life website. Any attempts have been thwarted by Love For Life supporters inundating the harm-doers with emails, etc, objecting to them taking down the website for a variety of reasons. The trouble makers usually back off when they realise that they can post all their views, arguments, beliefs, etc, in the Love For Life website without censorship or restriction imposed. They get to see that even the Queen, Pope, Prime Minister, President of America, etc, can post all their views without hindrance or sabotage and that we support freedom of speech/thought which means we support the right of all sides to express their views.

Of note, there is a vast amount of information posted in the Love For Life website which we do not agree with but we leave it all up because we refuse to be biased, opinionated or self-centered/self-serving. Of the many thousands of comments posted over the years we have only removed posts containing secret links to commercial advertisements, terrible foul language, threats of violence and death, etc, and attacks on other people's characters that avoid the subject/debate at hand. Besides links to advertisements, we have taken down less than six comments due to the above. We usually leave everything up, all warts and all, even those posts threatening to do terrible things to Fiona, our children, our dogs, our friends, family & supporters, etc.

The Love For Life website has information from all sides on many subjects, whether about Islam, Judaism, Christianity, Law, health, psychology, mind control, vaccination, aspartame, MSG, Chemtrails etc. There are over 11,000 individual articles, documentaries, podcasts, etc on the website and they are so diverse that we are sure that everyone would be able to find something they loved and something they hated, if they took the time to search. If we removed all the articles hated by everyone, there would probably be nothing left! We are not anti anyone but freedom of speech is freedom of speech and no one should condemn the work of another without taking the time to research the subject themselves. Yes, there are articles by those who have a less-than-rosy-viewpoint of Judaism, but there are also articles on the dark side of Tibetan Buddhism (and it is very dark) for those who are interested in the truth: Tibet - Buddhism - Dalai Lama: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6271 Should the authors of these articles be abused and imprisoned for daring to challenge the widely conceived reputation of Buddhism as being the religion of peace and love and that of the Dalai Lama as a saint, or should those interested be allowed to study the work and come to their own conclusions? The same applies to all the articles, documentaries, etc, about Christianity, Islam, Freemasonry, New World Order, etc.

The Love for Life website also shows how the Rule of Law, the Bar, the Government, the Monarchy, the system of commerce, the local, national and multi/trans-national private corporations, all the courses and careers on offer from our universities, all the educators, scientists, academics and experts, the aristocrats and the Establishment bloodlines have also done NOTHING to end the suffering in the world. The website maps the insanity of a world where there is no help for those in need, just as there was no help available for us when we were victims of terrible bank fraud: http://loveforlife.com.au/court_case orchestrated, condoned and protected by an international crime syndicate/terrorist organisation of judges, barristers, registrars, lawyers, politicians, banksters, big business representatives, media moguls and other lackeys who, all together, put up a wall of silence despite our trying many, many avenues. After the family home was stolen and business destroyed we were left close to poverty and destitution caring for 4 young daughters. Three years later not much has changed regardless of all our efforts. Where were all the followers of all the religions to help us? Or do we have to be members of those religions to receive help from others involved in them?

The New South Wales Jewish Board of Deputies accused us of being anti - Jewish, see: http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6616 and http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6665 because we had posted an excerpt from James von Brun's book: Kill the Best Gentiles! http://loveforlife.com.au/node/6054 in which he blames Jews for the problems of the world. Obviously this is not our view because of what we have stated above. We do not hate anyone, whatever religion they follow. We are always open to talk to any religious leader or politician and meet with any judge, member of the Bar, experts, academics, educators etc to share the remedy we offer that heals all the divisions between MAN and MAN, and MAN and EARTH.

Today, a representative of the New South Wales Jewish Board of Deputies is threatening to close the website down, because they have decided it is anti - Jewish and that we promote racism. What has the New South Wales Jewish Board of Deputies done to end the suffering in the world? Can they show that they are concerned with the suffering of ALL men, women and children AND ARE SEEN TO BE DOING SOMETHING ABOUT IT or are they only concerned with Jewish affairs? If so, they, along with all the other religions that only care for their own, are part of the problem, not part of the solution. The man who rang Arthur today was only concerned with Jewish affairs; he was not interested in our intentions or in anybody else, just as most Christians, Muslims, Sikhs, Catholics, etc, are only interested in their own. While we separate our lives into groups, dividing our lives from others with rules, regulations, rituals, procedures, conditions and contracts, we will never solve our problems.

No matter what we in the Western World Civilisation of Commerce have been promised by our politicians, religious leaders, scientists, educators, philosophers, etc, for the past two hundred years, all we have seen is ever-increasing destruction of men, women and children and Earth. None of the so-called experts and leaders we have been taught to rely on are coming up with a solution and none of them are taking full-responsibility for the fact that they can't handle the problem. All religious books talk about end times full of destruction and suffering but why do we have to follow this program when there is an alternative to hatred, mayhem and death? Why are our leaders following the program of destruction and death rather than exploring the do no harm alternatives? It seems that any mainstream politician, priest or academic are only interested in supporting the RULES OF THE DIVIDE, that maintain the haves and the have nots. For 200+ years, 99% of the world population have been so trained to pass on their responsibility for their lives, others and Earth, that the 1% of the population that make up the leaders of the rest of us are making all the decisions leading to the destruction of all of us and Earth. Let's not forget the education system that brainwashes the 99% of the population that we are free and have equal rights while, in fact, we are feathering the nests of those at the top.

At the root of all our problems is self-centredness, an unwillingness nurtured by the Establishment that keeps us concerned only with our own needs rather than the needs of others around us and Earth. Instead of creating and releasing acts of love for those around us as gifts to benefit them and Earth, we take, take and take, until there is nothing left. The whole point of the Love for Life website is to show people the root of all our problems and to share the remedy. The extensive research library is there to attract browsers and to provide access to information not available through mainstream channels. If the New South Wales Jewish Board of Deputies can, after careful examination of our work, prove that anything we are saying is wrong, we will be happy to accept their proof. If they cannot, and they are still insistent on closing the website down, they will be showing themselves to be traitors to MAN because they are not interested in pursuing any avenue that can end the suffering in the world.

All religions, corporations and organisations that support and maintain the Western World Civilisation of Commerce are part of the problem because our civilisation is a world of haves and have nots, exclusivity, privilege, racism, violence, hatred, poverty, sickness, discrimination, abuse, starvation, homelessness, corruption, collusion, vindictiveness, social unrest, arrogance, ignorance, fear, war and chaos. While we support civilisation, we support death and destruction.

Conscious Love Always
Arthur and Fiona Cristian
Love For Life
17th June 2009

Clarification Regarding Our Intentions
Behind The Use Of Donations

The Love For Life website is offered for free without a fee and without any conditions attached. If people are inspired to donate money, then we accept their gift and have provided an avenue for them to support the work we do through Fiona's Paypal or ANZ bank account http://loveforlife.com.au/node/8515. There is no obligation whatsoever to donate and all are equally welcome to our work and to our "time", whether they donate or not. Over the last 9 years, all the Love For Life work has been put out for free and it has often been donations from supporters that have enabled us to renew the domain name, etc, to keep the website going. While some complain that we have an avenue for donations, others complained when we didn't! Either use it or don't - the choice is yours.

Since Love For Life started March 2005 and website December 2006, Arthur has worked 16 hours a day, 7 days a week unpaid for much of this period, putting together the website and sharing insights to wake people up to what has been done to them, whether through the 11,500+ individual articles, videos, podcasts, debates, discussions, pdf's, research documents, etc, found amongst the 8,500+ posts, as well as helping many, many men and women over the phone, and through email, website correspondence, Facebook and YouTube, and creating the Love For Life food forest vege garden and Love For Life music recording studio. This is our life is a gift commitment to serve MAN/Nature/Earth but we are still severely compromised by "The System" and still have to give to Caesar what is claimed to belong to Caesar, which is where the donations help us.