Why did the Ebola virus disease epidemic suddenly explode in West Africa to cause more than 11,000 deaths in 2014-2015? Some said it was poverty, war, strife, burial practices, etc. Wrong! Why did the Zika epidemic explode in Brazil in 2015-2016? Some said World Cup visitors, bad mosquito control, climate change, etc. Wrong! Urban slums were absent from the conversation. No one – the media, researchers, economists, healthcare providers, WHO, government officials – used the word “slums.” When epidemics wane, they become forgotten but they smolder in invisible populations residing in the world’s urban slums. Lee Riley will talk about how forgotten epidemics become indolent pandemics. Indolent pandemics deserve attention. Invisible people deserve attention.