American and British government agencies spied on online
game users, according to classified documents released by Edward Snowden. As
reported jointly by the New York Times, ProPublica and the Guardian, the 2008 documents
refer to online games as a “target-rich communication network” that offers terrorists and criminal networks “a way to hide in plain sight.”

There is no evidence of whether the programs are ongoing.

The agencies, including the CIA, FBI, NSA, and Britain’s
Government Communications Headquarters, spied on World of Warcraft, Second Life
and Microsoft Xbox Live players in an effort to stop potential suspects from
communicating secretly, moving money, or plotting attacks through the games' communications networks,
the documents say.

Disguised behind make-believe characters, the intelligence
agents attempted to recruit informants, collect user data, and intercept
communication between players, according to the documents.

One NSA document detailing World of Warcraft monitoring
noted that the program “continues to uncover potential Sigint [signals intelligence] value by
identifying accounts, characters and guilds related to Islamic extremist groups,
nuclear proliferation and arms dealing.”

According to the Times/Guardian
report, the document implied that targets of interest were playing the games,
but never found that they were engaging in illegal activities on the gaming
platforms.

Overall, the documents do not cite any successful
counterterrorism results from the online game spying, and sources contacted by
the Times did not offer any evidence that terrorist groups
view the games as a useful communication platform.

“For terror groups looking to keep their
communications secret, there are far more effective and easier ways to do so
than putting on a troll avatar,” Peter W. Singer, a cybersecurity expert at the Brookings Institution, told the Times.

The documents do not disclose if the agencies
accessed gamers’ data or communications, whether non-suspect users were
monitored, how many of the tens of millions of players around the world were
monitored, or whether any of them were American citizens.

"We are unaware of any surveillance taking
place," a spokesman for Blizzard Entertainment, the company that makes World
of Warcraft, told the Times. "If it was, it would
have been done without our knowledge or permission."

This report comes on the heels of several major technology companies, including Google, Microsoft and Yahoo, announcing increased security measures to mitigate government spying.