The patient is found to have liver disease, resulting in the removal of a lobe of his liver. Adaptation to the reduced size of the liver leads to ____ of the remaining liver cells?

A person eating peanuts starts choking and collapses. His airway obstruction is partially cleared, but he remains hypoxic until he reaches the hospital. The prolonged cell hypoxia caused a cerebral infarction and resulting ___ in the brain.

Injured cells have impaired flow of substances through the cell membrane as a result of;

A diabetic patient has impaired sensation, circulation, and oxygenation of his feet. He steps on a piece of glass, the wound does not heal, and the area tissue becomes necrotic. The necrotic cell death is characterized by;

An 89 yo female patient has experienced significant decreases in her mobility and stamina during a three week hospital stay for the treatment of a femoral head fracture. Which of the following phenomena most likely accounts for the patient's decrease in muscle function that underlies her reduced mobility?

Disuse atrophy of muscle cells during a prolonged period of immobility.

A 20 yo college student has presented to her campus medical clinic for a scheduled Pap smear. The clinician who will interpret the smear will examine cell samples for evidence of:

Despite the low levels of radiation used in contemporary radiologic imaging, a radiology tech is aware of the need to minimize her exposure to ionizing radiation. What is the primary rationale for the tech's precautions?

a 70 yo male patient has been admitted to a hospital for the treatment of a recent hemorrhagic stroke that has left him with numerous motor and sensory deficits. These deficits are most likely the result of which of the following mechanisms of cell injury?

A patient with severe peripheral vascular disease has developed signs of dry gangrene on the great toe of one foot. Which of the following pathphysiologic processes most likely contributed to this diagnosis?

In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by which of the following phenomena?

Exogenous pyrogens and the presence of bacteria in the blood lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:

An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted to boost herself up in bed, an event that has percipitated acute inflammation in the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events will occur during the vascular stage of the patient's inflammation?

A post surgical patient who is recovering in the postanesthetic recovery unit states that she is "freezing cold" Which of the following measuers is likely to be initiated in the hypothalamus in an effort to reduce heat loss?

Patients are commonly administered antipyretics when their oral temp exceeds 37.5 (99.5). Which of the following statements related to the rationale for this action is most accurate?

A patient has sought care of recent malaise and high fever. Upon assessment, the patient states that his current fever began two days earlier, although he state that for the last 2 weeks he is in a cycle of high fever for a couple of days followed by a day or two of normal temp. Which fever pattern is this patient experiencing?

An 84 yo patient's blood cultures have come back positive, despite the fact that his oral temp has remained within normal range. Which phenomena underlies the alterations in fever responses that occur in the elderly?

A patient has experienced a myocardial infarction with accompanying necrosis of cardiac muscle, a permanent tissue. What are the ramifications of the fact that cardiac muscle is a permanent tissue?

A couple have chosen to pay for the harvesting and storage of umbilical cord blood after the delivery of their child to secure a future source of embryonic stem cells. What is the most likely rationale for the couple's decision?

A nursing student is cleaning and changing the dressing on a patient's sacral ulcer. The student has vigorously cleansed the wound bed to remove all traces of beefy, red tissue that existed in the wound bed. The student has most likely removed:

Prenatal diagnosis methods include the use of ultrasonography from identifying ____ abnormalities

Which of the following practitioners is most likely to be of assistance in the early care of an infant with a cleft lip?

A woman who has just learned that she is pregnant for the first time has sought advice from her healthcare provider about the safe use of alcohol during pregnancy. What advice should the clinician provide to the woman?

"It's likely best to eliminate alcohol from your diet while you're pregnant"

A patient has acidosis thta is suspected to be respiratory in etiology. Which of the following is the major cause of acute primary respiratory acidosis?

As other mechanisms prepare to respond to a pH imbalance, immediate buffering is a result of increased

A patient with a diagnosis of liver cirrhosis secondary to alcohol use has a distended abdomen as a result of fluid accumulation in his peritoneal cavity (ascites). Which of the following pathophysiologic processes contributes to this third spacing?

A patient has been receiving intravenous normal saline at a rate of 125 mL per hour since her surgery 2 days earlier. As a result of her consequent increase in vascular volume, she has become edematous. Which of the following phenomena accounts for this patient's eden?

A patient with a diagnosis of schizophrenia has been admitted to the emergency department after ingesting more than 2 gallons of water. Which of the following pathophysiologic processes may result from the sudden water gain?

Which of the following assessments should be prioritized in the care of a patient who is being treated for hypokalemia?

A 77-year-old woman has been brought to the emergency department by her daughter because of a sudden and unprecedented onset of confusion. The patient admits to ingesting large amounts of baking soda since the morning in an effort to treat indigestion. How will the the woman's body attempt to resolve this disruption in acid-base balance?

The patient recently returned from a year of military battle duty and has posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This disorder includes an "intrusion" state that is experienced as

A patient is experiencing significant stress while awaiting the results of her recent lymph node biopsy. Among the hormonal contributors to this response is a release of aldosterone, resulting in which of the following physiologic effects?

A college student has just learned that her latest Pap smear revealed atypical cells, a fact that has resulted in stress and an accompanying release of angiotensin II. How would the effects of this hormone be objectively demonstrated?

Protein-calorie malnutrition with loss of lean tissues and muscle mass results in

Which of the following patients is most likely to be in positive nitrogen balance?

A frail, 87-year-old female patient has been admitted to a hospital after a fall and has been diagnosed with failure to thrive. Which of the following laboratory values would suggest that the patient may be experiencing malnutrition?

Leukemias are classified according to the predominant cell type. The myelogenous cell type of leukemia can:

Multiple myeloma is a malignancy of:

A patient with a long standing diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has recently developed neutropenia and been admitted to a hospital. Which of the following measures should be prioritized by the nurses who are providing his care?

A 16 year old girl has been brought to her primary health care provider by her mother due to the daughter's recent malaise and lethargy. Which of the following assessments should the clinician perform in an effort to confirm or rule out infectious mononucleosis?

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is characterized by:

a 69 year old patient who is obese and has a diagnosis of angina pectoris has been prescribed clopidogrel (Plavix) by his primary care provider. The patient's medication achieves its therapeutic effect in which of the following ways?

A patient was started on a protocol for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis shortly after admission, and has been receiving 5000 units of heparin twice daily for the last 5 days. An immune response to this treatment may increase the patient's chance of developing which health problem?

Which of the following patients likely faces the highest risk of an acquired hypocoagulation disorder vitamin K deficiency?

A healthy, primiparous (first time) mother delivered a healthy infant several hours ago, but the mother has experienced postpartum hemorrhage. Which of the following disorders is most likely to underlie the patient's excessive bleeding after delivery?

Sue is fatigued and some blood tests are done. He results include Hct 40%, Hgb 8g/dL; WBC 8000, platelets 175,000. The nurse should interpret Sue's blood work as indicative of:

Manifestations of anemia that are directly due to the diminished oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin include:

The patient is an average sized adult and has abnormal microcytic hypochromic red blood cells due to a long-term, chronic disease. Which of the following CBC results is characteristic of her type of anemia?

An elevated level of unconjugated bilirubin, due to hemolysis of RBC's, results in high level of iron released and:

a 48 year old patient, who normally enjoys good health, has bee admitted to the hospital for the treatment of polycythemia vera. The nurse who is providing care for the patient should prioritize assessments aimed at the early identification of which of the following health problems?

A 72 year old woman with complaints of increasing fatigue has completed a series of fecal occult blood tests that indicate the presence of blood in her stool. Which of the following health problems is likely to accompany this patinet's gastrointestinal bleed?

The pathologic effects of the thalassemias are primarily due to which of the following pathophysiologic processes?

Which of the following individuals likely faces the highest risk of megaloblastic anemis?

A 68 year old patient with an 80 pack/year history of smoking was diagnosed with emphysema 18 months ago. The patient's most recent scheduled blood work showed red blood cell indices, a problem that suggests the need for which of the following interventions?

A mother has brought her 2 week old infant to the emergency department due to the baby's persistent and increasing jaundice. Blood testing reveals that the infant's unconjugated bilirubin level is 28 mg/dL and assessment does not reveal neurologic deficits. The infant's weight is normal and the mother claims to have had no significant difficulty feeding the infant. The most likely treatment for this infant will be: