Further research has resulted in the differentiation of impulsivity into separate factors (positive and negative urgency, lack of perseverance, lack of premeditation, and sensation seeking), which are all predictive of alcohol use (Whiteside & Lynam 2003).

Ayyash and Badreddine are charged with Committing a Terrorist Act by means of an explosive device, Intentional Homicide (of Hariri and the 21 other victims) with premeditation by using explosive materials, and Attempted Intentional Homicide (of those that survived but were injured) with premeditation by using explosive materials.

The changes address concerns expressed by some judges that previous guidelines placed too much attention on premeditation in assaults whereas their experience in court revealed that many offences of this type are spontaneous or involve minimum premeditation, such as a fight outside a pub at closing time.

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