To execute a PL/SQL program, we must follow the program text itself by A line with a single dot ("."), and then A line with run; As with Oracle SQL programs, You tried to assign a non-numeric value to a numeric variable and caused a conversion error. To handle raised exceptions, you write separate routines called exception handlers. IF number_on_hand < 1 THEN RAISE out_of_stock; END IF; EXCEPTION WHEN out_of_stock THEN -- handle the error END; You can also raise a predefined exception explicitly.

That way, an exception handler written for the predefined exception can process other errors, as the following example shows: DECLARE acct_type INTEGER := 7; BEGIN IF acct_type NOT IN (1, 2, Please re-enable javascript in your browser settings. BEGIN ---------- sub-block begins ... For example, if you created a procedure called TestProc as follows: SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE TestProc 2 AS 3 v_non_nullable_variable VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL := '5'; 4 v_null_variable VARCHAR2(30) := NULL;

For example, we might declare: DECLARE price NUMBER; myBeer VARCHAR(20); Note that PL/SQL allows BOOLEAN variables, even though Oracle does not support BOOLEAN as a type for database columns. If the optional third parameter is TRUE, the error is placed on the stack of previous errors. After an exception handler runs, the current block stops executing and the enclosing block resumes with the next statement. select * from table(my_function()); share|improve this answer answered Sep 15 '14 at 17:39 a_horse_with_no_name 22.8k64373 When I use a REF CURSOR or create a function, is this something I

ALTER SESSION SET PLSQL_WARNINGS='ENABLE:PERFORMANCE'; -- To focus on one aspect. The simplest way to declare such a variable is to use %ROWTYPE on a relation name. EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN -- cannot catch the exception ... User-defined exceptions must be raised explicitly by RAISE statements, which can also raise predefined exceptions.

For example, CHAR(10) and VARCHAR(20) are illegal; CHAR or VARCHAR should be used instead. INVALID_CURSOR Your program attempts an illegal cursor operation such as closing an unopened cursor. When using pragma RESTRICT_REFERENCES to assert the purity of a stored function, you cannot specify the constraints WNPS and RNPS if the function calls SQLCODE. When called, raise_application_error ends the subprogram and returns a user-defined error number and message to the application.

Before starting the transaction, mark a savepoint. Skip Headers PL/SQL User's Guide and Reference Release 2 (9.2) Part Number A96624-01 Home Book List Contents Index Master Index Feedback 7 Handling PL/SQL Errors There is nothing more exhilarating than ACCESS_INTO_NULL Your program attempts to assign values to the attributes of an uninitialized (atomically null) object. If the company has zero earnings, the predefined exception ZERO_DIVIDE is raised.

Raising Exceptions with the RAISE Statement PL/SQL blocks and subprograms should raise an exception only when an error makes it undesirable or impossible to finish processing. The situation is essentially the same as that of the "single-row select" discussed in Section 7.1.5 of the text, in connection with embedded SQL. SET SERVEROUTPUT ON; DECLARE stock_price NUMBER := 9.73; net_earnings NUMBER := 0; pe_ratio NUMBER; BEGIN -- Calculation might cause division-by-zero error. Consider the following example: EXCEPTION WHEN INVALID_NUMBER THEN INSERT INTO ... -- might raise DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN ... -- cannot catch the exception END; Branching to or from an Exception

The advantage of doing so is that should you have already made the definition, you will not get an error. Can an irreducible representation have a zero character? SUBSCRIPT_BEYOND_COUNT Your program references a nested table or varray element using an index number larger than the number of elements in the collection. The keyword OTHERS cannot appear in the list of exception names; it must appear by itself.

But remember, an exception is an error condition, not a data item. THEN RAISE out_of_balance; -- raise the exception END IF; EXCEPTION WHEN out_of_balance THEN -- handle the error RAISE; -- reraise the current exception END; ------------ sub-block ends EXCEPTION WHEN out_of_balance THEN SQLERRM returns the corresponding error message. Therefore, the values of explicit cursor attributes are not available in the handler.

Performance: Messages for conditions that might cause performance problems, such as passing a VARCHAR2 value to a NUMBER column in an INSERT statement. Scope Rules for PL/SQL Exceptions You cannot declare an exception twice in the same block. But when the handler completes, the block is terminated. Expect that at some time, your code will be passed incorrect or null parameters, that your queries will return no rows or more rows than you expect.

You can avoid unhandled exceptions by coding an OTHERS handler at the topmost level of every PL/SQL program. PL/SQL Warning Categories PL/SQL warning messages are divided into categories, so that you can suppress or display groups of similar warnings during compilation. We may then assign to the variable in a following PL/SQL statement, but we must prefix it with a colon. It may not be clear, but the scope of the @num variable below is the file containing the declaration.

To see any warnings generated during compilation, you use the SQL*Plus SHOW ERRORS command or query the USER_ERRORS data dictionary view. To call RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR, use the syntax raise_application_error(error_number, message[, {TRUE | FALSE}]); where error_number is a negative integer in the range -20000 .. -20999 and message is a character string up to Databases SQL Oracle / PLSQL SQL Server MySQL MariaDB PostgreSQL SQLite MS Office Excel Access Word Web Development HTML CSS Color Picker Languages C Language More ASCII Table Linux UNIX Java If there is no enclosing block, control returns to the host environment.

Line (8) declares the cursor FOR UPDATE since we will modify T1 using this cursor later on Line (14). END; Normally, this is not a problem. To accomplish the objective in SQLplus, use "Substitution variables"...excellent background is found here. However, the DECLARE section should not start with the keyword DECLARE.

You code the pragma EXCEPTION_INIT in the declarative part of a PL/SQL block, subprogram, or package using the syntax PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(exception_name, -Oracle_error_number); where exception_name is the name of a previously declared You declare an exception by introducing its name, followed by the keyword EXCEPTION. Passing a zero to SQLERRM always returns the message normal, successful completion. EXCEPTION WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN -- catches all 'no data found' errors Exceptions improve readability by letting you isolate error-handling routines.

Make sure you pass negative error numbers to SQLERRM. On the other hand, should the previous definition be a different procedure of the same name, you will not be warned, and the old procedure will be lost.

The query has input parameters which I am supplying during run time. I checked. Why don't browser DNS caches mitigate DDOS attacks on DNS providers? "you know" in conversational language Teaching a blind student MATLAB programming Can an irreducible representation have a zero character? Regards, Shupi. Existence of nowhere differentiable functions USB in computer screen not working Why are planets not crushed by gravity? We tend to concentrate on the characters and ignore the spaces. ....

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