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1. Objectives (I) 1. To present a linguistic resource, BADELE.3000, useful for NLP applications 2. To describe cases of paraphrase pairs composed of verbs which can be paraphrased with support verb+noun collocations, such as ducharse (to shower), darse una ducha (to have a shower) 3. To describe cases of false paraphrase pairs: words with a morfological but not semantic relationship, such us expedir (to issue), hacer una expedición (to explore)

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1. Objectives (II) 1. To describe cases in which a verb+noun collocation has no verbal counterpart, such as *problemear tener un problema (to have a problem) 1. To describe cases in which a verb has no verb+noun collocation counterpart, such as sincerarse (to open up to someone) *hacer una sinceridad

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2.Semantic label is the equivalent to the genus in traditional definitions by genus and differentia.  Whale: ‘sea mammal that breathes air through a hole at the top of its head and is hunted for meat and for other purposes, as a source of other materials’ Hierarchy of semantic label  Living being > Animal > Vertebrate > Mammal > Sea Mammal 2. Introduction (III): MTT

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3.Actants correspond to beings or things that participate in the process expressed by a predicate: MTT approach considers that there is a sort of argument structure in all kinds of predicative words, which means that not only the verbs have actants but also the adjectives, the adverbs and the predicative nouns. The actantial structure reflects the syntactic expression of the actants,  River [WHICH STARTS AT THE X place, FLOWS THROUGH THE Z places AND FINISHES AT THE Y area] 2. Introduction (IV): MTT

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LFs have proved to be a specially helpful tool for lexicographic works such as the French database Dicouèbe[1](developed in Montreal by Polguère and Mel’cuk), the Spanish database DiCE[2] (developed in La Coruña by Alonso Ramos), [3] the automatic translator ETAP3 (developed in Moscow by Apresjan, Boguslavsky et al) and [4] multilingual generation and paraphrasing systems (developed in Barcelona by Leo Wanner).[1][2][3][4] [1][1] [2] [3][3] [4][4] 2. Introduction (V): MTT

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Inheritance Principle: those lexical units sharing a semantic label can inherit their LFs values automatically Fact0(‘means of transport’) = to work (‘to do what is supposed to be done’) ‘means of transport’ = bus, ship, train, motorbike, plane Fact0(bus) = to work, to run, to operate Fact0(ship) = to work, to sail, to navigate Fact0(train) = to work, to run, to operate Fact0(motorbike) = to work, to run Fact0(plane) = to work, to flight, to glide, to fly over 3. BADELE.3000, a linguistic resource (II)

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4. Paraphrase rule 18 (I) 1. The paraphrase rule 18 is called “Fissions à verbe support” (Mel’cuk et al, 1998), and is transcribed as: “Given a verb (Vo), such as to receive, paradigmatically related to a noun (So), such as reception, if the noun appears in a collocation together with a support verb Oper, such as to give a reception, both verbal expressions (to receive, to give a reception) are interchangeable. to receive  Oper1(reception) = to give a reception 1. Support verbs are values of LFs Oper, Func and Labor (Mel’čuk, 1996, 68), such as to deal a blow, to receive a blow from, blow comes from, blow falls upon

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Then we found the support verb collocations of these nouns 1. to deal a blow 2. to put up resistance 3. to give an order And then we attached these support verb-noun collocations to the equivalent verb: 1. to bang/ beat/ hit…. to deal a blow 2. to resist … to put up resistance 3. to order … to give an order 5. Paraphrase pairs (II)

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5. Paraphrase pairs (III) 777 paraphrase pairs of verb and verb-noun collocation were found in BADELE.3000 to selectto make a selection to rejectto show rejection to assistto give assistance to supportto give support to researchto do a research to controlto subject to control to spreadto make propaganda to defineto formulate a definition to rememberto have a memory

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7. Verbs that have no verb-noun collocations counterpart Previous work (Barrios, 2010) pointed out that abstract nouns tend to form collocations using support verbs. There are some exceptions to this generalization (Table 2)

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1. We have presented BADELE.3000, a linguistic resource useful for natural language processing applications and ontologies. 2. We have described paraphrase pairs composed of verbs which can be paraphrased with support verb+noun collocations; cases of false paraphrase pairs: words with a morfological but not semantic relationship; cases in which a verb+noun collocation has no verbal counterpart; and cases in which a verb has no verb+noun collocation counterpart. 9. Conclusions

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1. We have defended that the rule 18 is quite useful when getting collocations automatically, but paraphrase pairs of verbs and verb-noun collocations sometimes are not interchangeable semantically, and frequently are not interchangeable syntactically. 9. Conclusions