2.Extreme amounts of rain/increasing frequently and
intensity of heavy rainfall.

3.Global warming changes climate conditions.

B.Regional Aspect : Deforestation region because
of development of farms plantations and housing has reduced rain water absorption.

1. Discouraging flood prone area.

2. Protecting natural system such as wetland that help
buffer against floods.

C.Local Aspect : Deforestation region
because of human presence and subsequent activities near river has also
contributed the problem, the city ground surfaces are primarily covered by hard
material.

III.Conclusion

To conclude, to
accommodate the levels of rainwater needs integrated drainage system and an
increase in the size of water channels also program to dredge sediment from the
city’s rivers, canals and lake.

FLOOD
IN JAKARTA

As the rainy season comes, special
district of Jakarta faces serious problem such as flood, the greater Jakarta districts is prone to floods and
mudslides. The very heavy rains in Jakarta have created severe flooding in many
parts of the capital and its surrounding districts. There are three main aspects associated
with the cause of flooding in Jakarta: Global, regional and local.

Jakarta and
all coastal cities in the world face a high potential of flooding due to global
warming. Global warming partly to support
for heavy rainfall events. Such as Global warming changes climate conditions,
Warmer air can hold more moisture then extreme amounts of rain / increasing
frequently and intensity of heavy rainfall. From the regional point of view, Jakarta’s flood resulted
from large amounts of water from upstream rivers in West Java that flowed
across the capital.Deforestation
in the headwater regions because of development of farms, plantations and
housing has reduced rainwater absorption, sparking massive water flows to lower
areas and, hence, flood in Jakarta. To avoid the flood, there are some plans
such as discouraging flood prone area, protecting natural system such as
wetland that help buffer against floods, then develop artificial lakes to act as water reservoirs along
the West Java border outside Jakarta to take the brunt of the overflowing
river. The West Java authority is only reluctantly providing land for this
purpose. The third cause of Jakarta’s flood is the local factor. Many urban
experts argue that the lack of open spaces and green areas in Jakarta is a
source of the flood, The city ground surface are primarily covered by
hard material, as rainwater cannot
be absorbed by the ground surface.Being
an urban area, the city’s ground surfaces are primarily covered by hard
materials in the form of buildings, roads, parking lots and other amenities.

Unfortunately,
Jakarta does not have an integrated drainage system and even lacks appropriate
water channels. Old channels, built in the 1960s are maintained to this day,
although they are no longer sufficient to accommodate the current levels of
rainwater. The water channels should be sufficiently large to accommodate the
runoff water and so avoid overflowing water that causes flood.Beside an integrated drainage system
and an increase in the size of water channels, there needs to be an ongoing
program to dredge sediment from the city’s rivers, canals and lakes.