Definition: Organism generally recognized as a single organism that consists of a fungus and an alga or cyanobacterium living in symbiotic association. Often attached to solid objects such as rocks or living or dead wood rather than soil.

Definition: Siliceous rocks are sedimentary rocks that have silica (SiO2) as the principal constituent. The most common siliceous rock is chert other types include diatomite. They commonly form from silica-secreting organisms such as radiolarians, diatoms, or some types of sponges.