Idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IIDDs) of the central nervous system, of which multiple sclerosis is the prototype, represent a family of monophasic, recurrent or progressive diseases with overlapping clinical and pathological manifestations. While most patients recover spontaneously or following a brief course of high-dose corticosteroids, occasional patients, particularly those with ...

To evaluate nervous system involvement in a cohort of Italian patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), 87 unselected patients (83 female, and four male) observed consecutively at our institution over a period of 5 years were screened by clinical and instrumental (MRI, SPECT, electrophysiological testing, CSF analysis) investigations for peripheral ...

The conversion of domestic supply from illuminating to natural gas in 1975 in Kraków was expected to diminish, or even eliminate the threat of CO intoxication. The aim of the study was to compare the frequency and clinical course of CO poisonings (early or delayed medical complication or death) regarding ...

The clinical, radiographic, and pathological findings in ten cases of intravascular lymphomatosis with central nervous system involvement seen at our institution over a 15-year period are presented. Nine patients presented with a subacute, progressive multifocal neurologic disorder. Most patients had fever, anemia, and elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. As ...

Autologous bone marrow (BMT) or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) are increasingly used to treat hematological malignancies and solid tumors. The reported incidence of neurological complications varies greatly among the different centers, ranging from 11 to 39%. In order to gain insight into the real incidence of early neurological ...

The authors performed a clinical and serologic follow-up study after 4.2 +/- 1.2 years in 44 patients with clinical signs of neuroborreliosis and specific intrathecal antibody production. All patients had been treated with ceftriaxone 2 g/day for 10 days. Although neurologic deficits decreased significantly, more than half the patients had ...

Although outcomes from coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery have improved in general, there has been little or no improvement in the incidence of postoperative stroke or neurologic dysfunction. Several studies have identified factors that increase the CABG patient's risk for developing a stroke and neurologic complications. It is important ...

This study examined the influence of early versus late initial presentation of patients with cervical spine facet dislocation on presentation, neurologic deficit, and the success of closed reduction. Thirty-four patients were studied, and approximately 35% presented at least 72 hours following their injury. Compared with patients who presented early, this ...

Due to the observation of severe neurological symptoms in single patients as well as brain imaging, neuropsychological and neurophysiological abnormalities, the long-term prognosis of treated phenylketonuria is still under discussion. We investigated the neurological outcome of 57 (24 male, 33 female) patients with phenylketonuria (diet onset < 3 months) at ...

Though described in 1769, the etiology of Zenker's diverticulum remains unclear. Various primary esophageal motor disorders have been proposed, but no consistent manometric pattern or anatomic etiology has been uniformly recognized. An association with clinical neurologic disease at our institution prompted a review of 12 cases of Zenker's diverticulum in ...

Congenital closed spinal anomalies are associated with distortion of the spinal cord, the spinal nerve roots or both, and can result in neurological abnormalities of the lower limbs and neuropathic bladder dysfunction. This study reports clinical and videourodynamic findings in a group of 51 patients with closed spina bifida. The ...

BACKGROUND: Of all aortic operations, thoracoabdominal aortic repairs have the highest risk of spinal cord neurologic injury, manifest by lower limb paraplegia or paraparesis. Cerebrospinal fluid drainage combined with intrathecal papaverine (CSFDr + IP) may reduce the risk and severity of neurologic injury. The objective of this study was to ...

BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing implantation of left ventricular assist systems (LVAS) are prone to thromboembolic complications. We analyzed the incidence, clinical findings, and outcome of neurologic and systemic thromboembolic events (TE) in patients with the Novacor N100 LVAS. In a subset of patients, transcranial Doppler sonography was used to detect microembolic ...

Neurologic deterioration after cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) at a regional spinal cord center was examined. This study examined the incidence of neurologic deterioration as well as associated risk factors in our patient population. Up to 5.8% of cervical SCI patients have been noted to deteriorate neurologically after admission. Risk ...

OBJECT: To compare microsurgical and stereotactic radiosurgical treatment of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), the authors analyzed a prospective series of 72 consecutive patients who were treated microsurgically for cerebral AVMs by one neurosurgeon. The authors then compared the results of microsurgical treatment with published results of stereotactic radiosurgical treatment of small ...

Alocasia macrorrhiza (L) Schott and Endl is called Hai Yu, Tien Ho, Shan Yu, Kuan Yin Lien, Tu Chiao lien, Lao Hu Yu and Lang Du in Chinese. Its common English name is Giant Elephant's Ear. The toxic effects of A macrorrhiza arise from sapotoxin and include gastroenteritis and paralysis ...

We report on the long-term clinical course of 4 boys with Menkes disease, treated from early infancy with parenteral copper-histidine, with follow-up over 10-20 years. Three of the 4 had male relatives with a severe clinical course compatible with classical Menkes disease. As a consequence of early treatment, our patients ...

The preliminary results of a clinical safety review that partly used the Cochrane methodology are presented. Despite methodological limitations including incomplete databases, this review collated evidence corroborating the benign safety profile of the artemisinin type of compounds. No difference was apparent amongst the various derivatives. At the time the workshop ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and type of neurological abnormalities in schizophrenic patients and their nonpsychotic siblings. METHOD: A comprehensive neurological assessment, including evaluation of both hard and soft signs, was performed for 60 schizophrenic patients, 21 siblings, and 75 normal comparison subjects. RESULTS: ...

The neurologic examination is reviewed with regard to efficiency, technical errors, and patient comfort. Misleading nomenclature causes errors in executing and interpreting many bedside tests. The examiner can insure success by accepting every patient nonjudgmentally and by maintaining a mind-set that expects to find abnormalities. Since the examiner cannot do ...

Forty-three patients with fractures of the thoracolumbar spine submitted to surgical treatment using the Harms method (dorsoventral operations) were studied prospectively with a follow-up of at least 12 months and evaluated on the basis of clinical and radiologic parameters and in relation to their professional activities. Thirty-five patients (81.3%) were ...

To evaluate the prevalence of the clinical findings in Behçet's disease, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 2147 Behçet patients from 9 to 87 years of age (mean age 38.3 years) followed up during the years 1976 through 1997. One thousand ninety three patients were male and 1054 patients ...

BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary bypass has been used to rewarm victims of accidental deep hypothermia. Unlike other rewarming techniques, it restores organ perfusion immediately in patients with inadequate circulation. This study evaluated the long-term outcome of survivors of accidental deep hypothermia with circulatory arrest who had been rewarmed with cardiopulmonary bypass. METHODS: ...

88 patients with thoracolumbar fractures and short-segment (mono or two segment) pedicle instrumentation from the years 1985-92 had a follow-up examination after an average time of 5.6 years. The 56 men and 32 women had an average age of 32.6 years at the time of injury, 24 patients primarily had ...

A questionnaire was distributed in early 1996 to 160 leading European neurological, neuro-pediatric and neurosurgical centers to assess the present status of Moyamoya disease in Europe. The response rate was 43%. Information was obtained on a total of 168 patients, of whom 110 had presented before 1992, and 58 from ...

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study comprises a total of 322 patients who were seen in our neurosurgical department as inpatients (N = 241) or outpatients (N = 81) for lumbar disk herniation. Patients presenting with major neurological deficits and/or symptoms reflecting lumbar stenosis were excluded. All patients were scheduled for ...

STUDY DESIGN: This study is a prospective, clinical study assessing the efficacy of selective decompression of the responsible level in two-level stenosis in accordance with neurologic findings defined by the gait load test, and functional diagnosis based on selective nerve root block. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the clinical features of two-level ...

Despite recent studies of the natural history of cavernous malformations, there remains significant uncertainty concerning hemorrhage rates and the importance of lesion location. Controversy arises over varying definitions of "hemorrhage." What is ultimately important to the patient is the occurrence of a neurological event, which may or may not be ...

The clbC form of methylmalonic acidaemia is a rare and poorly understood condition which results from impaired biosynthesis of methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin. The consequent functional deficiencies of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase and methionine synthase produce both methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria. Systemic symptoms and neurological decompensation comprise the clinical phenotype. In an effort ...

This is the first large series, comprising 50 patients who suffered a total of 164 episodes, of pseudomigraine with temporary neurological symptoms and lymphocytic pleocytosis (PMP syndrome). Onset of PMP was between the ages of 14 and 39 years and was most frequent in males (68%). Eight males (24%) and ...

This is a retrospective case series conducted at two university hospital emergency departments of 68 patients with a discharge diagnosis of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning presenting during two different ice storms (March 1991 and February 1994) in two cities (Rochester, NY, and Nashville, TN). Fifty-five patients were seen over 10 ...

Extrapulmonary involvement with Pneumocystis carinii has been described in 0.5%-2.5% of persons with AIDS. One hundred nine patients with AIDS and confirmed extrapulmonary pneumocystosis were identified, and seven of these patients (including our patients) had central nervous system (CNS) pneumocystosis. Of these seven patients, six had prior AIDS-related complications, and ...

A case of a child presenting with congenital abnormalities at birth is reported. The early development remained severely retarded and acquired skills minimally. The head circumference centile decreased. Magnetic resonance imaging showed progressive neuronal atrophy and secondary delay in myelination. Dihydropyrimidine concentrations in body fluids were quantitated by NMR spectroscopy. ...

The clinical and neurophysiologic features of 14 patients with chronic posthypoxic myoclonus are presented. Patients were first seen a mean of 2.5 years (range, 2 to 105 months) after the hypoxic event and followed up for 3.7 years (range, 7 to 84 months) thereafter. All patients had had a cardiorespiratory ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and radiological 2-yr followup of 22 patients with anterior atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS) from a prospective cohort of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. METHODS: The 2-yr assessment included a structured questionnaire for rheumatologic and neurologic complaints and lateral cervical radiographs in maximal flexion view. Initial and 2-yr ...

A mild chronic encephalopathy may be the most common neurologic symptom in patients with late stage Lyme disease. The symptoms tend to be diffuse and nonspecific, and patients typically report memory loss, sleep disturbance, fatigue, and depression. Among patients with these symptoms, it is generally felt that those with abnormal ...

Cranial irradiation has been widely used in order to prevent central nervous system (CNS) relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in childhood. Owing to the risk of late side effects, the Nordic Society for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (NOPHO) replaced CNS irradiation with systemic high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) in 1992. A ...

BACKGROUND: Neurologic and radiologic disorders have been reported in patients receiving long-term parenteral nutrition (PN). On the basis of elevated serum manganese levels, some of these abnormalities have been attributed to manganese intoxication. Alterations of the basal ganglia signal intensity on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRIs) have been previously reported, ...

Young homocystinuria patients suffering from lens dislocation frequently have to undergo eye surgery. We describe a 16-year-old girl with mild mental retardation who became psychotic-delirant immediately after the last of three lentectomia operations performed under general thiopental anaesthesia. Because methionine, homocysteine, its oxidation product homocysteate and cysteine are potent glutamate ...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency and the kind of multiorgan damage in acute oral carbamates poisonings. Under analysis there were 36 carbamates orally poisoned patients treated at the Department of Clinical Toxicology in the years 1987-1997. Patients with the liver or biliary tract diseases, chronic ...

Forty-four patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy who underwent a ventral surgical approach were evaluated with respect to the results of surgery. The neurological status of the patients was categorized according to the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association scale (0-18). Three patients had a functional score of 8, one patient 9, five ...

With the push to get patients through the system in five days, most patients undergoing nonemergency coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are being "fast-tracked'. Using this anaesthetic regimen appears to keep patients less anaesthetized (light) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) than when using our previous regimen. This is manifested by higher ...

To determine the prevalence of cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities in Southeast Asian refugees with reactive serologic tests for syphilis, we evaluated 65 patients, 36 prospectively and 29 retrospectively, in a primary care clinic. Information was collected on history of treponemal infections, neurologic symptoms and signs, and total protein concentration, leukocyte count, ...

Fourteen patients presenting with neuropsychiatric manifestations of Wilson's disease were treated with oral tetrathiomolybdate (TM) for 8 weeks followed by oral zinc (Zn) maintenance therapy. The patients were evaluated prospectively at baseline and at yearly intervals for up to 5 years by slit-lamp biomicroscopy and photography, quantitative neurologic and speech ...