The article tends to approach the social political field from the citizenship development. As it is understood the roll of the rights and duties is established among the citizens whose condition is confered. In this way, the author tries to show that the social politics are state's interventions conditioned by the existent necessity and from the historical context in which they arise. Thus, they can assume different forms such as the social assistance, social security and the state social welfare. The predominancy of either one of these forms in each society has shaped different models of state's intervention refering to the social questions, in more developed countries which differ according to the major or minor justice and impartiality of the social services advantageous systems. In Latin America, the development of social policies faced specific problems that are analysed by the author.