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Multiple Sink Model Which Support
Different Parameters in Wireless Sensor Field

Abstract

Wireless sensor network is very essential in today’s life. The rapid growth of mobile technology is increases in recent years. And thus this is challenging job for industry to develop an efficient network which suits in today’s technology. The users are main factor in this technology, without users the network is incomplete or rather incomplete technology without users. The main motto behind this paper is to design and implement a generalized sink model which supports users in sensor field. With the help of some parameters it is easy to evaluate sink model. Also, analysis of this model is to be done based on some evaluation criteria, which helps to make the model successful and meaningful. The paper is divided into 5 sections. First one is introduction, second one is related work, third one is proposed design, and fourth one is experimental and results and final one is conclusion and future work.

Keywords

INTRODUCTION

Wireless mobile technology has more demand in today’s culture. Mobile network has more popular now days because
of its availability and ease of use.

The proposed model depending upon mainly the sink capacity, more the sink less energy will consume at sink node.
There are many existing techniques or models of wireless sensor network which supports the mobility as well as
demand of users. No matter, some models also support mobile users but due to single static sink in the network create
some limitations. To overcome these limitations there is need to develop some common generalized model which is
compatible to both remote users as well as mobile users. So there is idea to develop such model which can increase the
network life by avoiding extra congestion in the network. And here the idea came into mind to develop a generalized
sink model which have a multiple sinks or base stations that creates some difference in the network. The generalized
sink model helps to improve network life and also up to some extent decreases the energy consumption.

RELATED WORK

While referring the paper, et. al. [6], the new concept called as hot spot problem came into picture. The paper suggested
that to overcome the hot spot problem, number of sink must be in more number rather than a single sink.
Same knowledge is given by paper, et. al.[2], they proposed multistage switching network to increase the life of sink
and ultimately the network life. And also up to some extent they can solve the problem of traffic by dividing the
network into one or more domain and this will reduce the hot spot problem.

Other one, et. al [3], proposed distributed energy-efficient deployment algorithms which helps to improve the energy of
network. To support the algorithm the technique uses cluster, this helps them to analyze the structure of network and
also helps to decrees energy consumption near base station.

On the basis of sensor field development, et. al. [4] and et. al. [5] developed algorithm for how to collect sensing data
from all sensor nodes, provides algorithm for multidimensional analysis for jumping sensors respectively.
The existing model, et. al. [1], assume mobile user itself as a mobile sink. The user can gather data from sensor nodes
via network. If the sink is dynamic the user selects sensor node as a dynamic.

PROPOSED DESIGN

The proposed design of my communication protocol is as follows.

It is observed that from fig.1 there is need of node size to define number of users and base station is acts as a gateway
to communication model. And finally will get the output with the help of some observable parameters like network
size, user speed, and number of multiple static sinks. There is need to extract this DFD level 0 to DFD level 1. To
understand this proposed design more in detail.

It is observed that from fig.2 number of users is taken to simulate with the help of speed. To decide the topology of
network, network size is taken as parameter. Multiple sink is act as a gateway between users and sensor field.
During the simulation process, queries of mobile users as well as mobile user’s record are stored in mobile user
management table. This helps to recognize the information of mobile users in the network.

After simulation process will get the parameters output, with the help of trace n analysis process will plot the graph
against energy consumption, data delivery ratio, delay by using xgraph. All this proposed design will be implemented
in ns2 simulation tool.

The implementation results from, et. al. [1], shows that, the model single static sink with legacy network has more
energy consumption, lower data delivery ratio, and longer delay this is because, hop count of their data gathering tree
increases. Same is for single static sink model with sensor network also.

To overcome the problem of energy consumption there is need to increase of number of sink. This is my first propose
work, to increase the domain size. The second propose work i have decided to verify the claims of the paper which i
refer by using same parameters like network speed, network size. And also there is scope of varying data packet rate
like 32-128 bytes in the future. As compared with 64 bytes rate, will check what it affects on energy consumption or
delay.

EXPERIMENTAL RESULT

With the help of proposed design, i compare both models (single static sink model and multiple static sink models)
results with respect to their parameters. Firstly i have taken 2 scenarios. In first scenario i have taken 11 nodes, out of
that 3 nodes are movable and they send packets to the sink. In this scenario for understanding purpose there are 2 sink.
Sinks are receiver.

Here i have compared 14 parameters for single and multiple sink scenarios. As seen from fig.3 there is slightly
difference between delay of single sink with respect to delay of multiple sink, this is because of node movement is very
nearer to each other. Also there is slight change in packet delivery ratio, but there is difference in energy consumption.
As compared to single sink model network energy decreases in multiple sink model. Also residual energy is also
decreases in multiple sink as compared with single sink. And this is a very good sign as our network consumes less
energy, ultimately that will results to increase network life.

Along with these results individual node wise energy consumption results also plotted. As seen from fig.4 the
individual node wise energy slightly change with respect to both models. Very minor energy difference is there; due to
node movement is very slow and nearer to each other. In second scenario will see the difference in energy consumption
of individual node. The node near to sink will consume more energy than those nodes are away from sink.

In the second scenario the distance between two sinks is increased and the direction of nodes slightly changed. Some
nodes are nearer to the sink and some are far away from sink. As seen from fig.5 will see the difference in delay and
also our packet delivery ratio is also improved as compared with scenario1.The total energy consumption of network is
reduced as compared with single sink model. In both the scenes the energy consumption of network is less as compared
with single sink model. Hence it is prove that by using multiple sink, our network life is more than by using single sink.

As seen from fig.6 will get difference in individual node wise energy. Those nodes are near to sink they consume more
energy than those nodes are away from sink like scean1. But in scean1 no node movement as such, but in scean2 there
is node movement, some layer of nodes are away from sink, and some are nearer to sink, and for 2 to 3 nodes mobility
is given such that to understand individual energy loss. From these two scenarios it is observed that will get better delay,
better packet delivery ratio and less energy consumption in multiple sink model as compared with single sink.

Still i am working on some more results. More and more results gives the current model is very much useful as far as
sensor network point of view and also for user’s point of view.

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

The current protocol allows the multiple static sinks to perform the function as gateway for users in other networks via
the legacy networks. Also in the futu`re there is scope of try to solve mobility issue. We could try to make sink movable
or dynamic instead of static.