Leaf-miner: The mine is underside, between veins, causing leaf to arch.
The lower epidermis is at first white, then brown (British
leafminers).

Lower-surface
tentiform mine, white at first, later brown, between two side veins.
Pupa without a recognisable cocoon in the mine. Before ecdysis the
pupa works itself halfway out of the upperside of the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Time
of year - larvae: July, September - April (British
leafminers), the second generation overwintering in this stage
(UKMoths).

Time
of year - adults: There are two generations, with moths on the
wing in May and August (UKMoths).

Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Occurs in the southern counties
of England and Wales, ranging north to Warwick (UKMoths)
including Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Cambridgeshire, Dorset, East Gloucester, East Kent, East Suffolk,
East Sussex, Glamorgan, Herefordshire, Isle of Wight, Leicestershire, North Hampshire, North Somerset,
Northamptonshire, Shropshire, South Hampshire, Stirlingshire, West Gloucestershire, West Norfolk, West Suffolk and Westmorland (NBN
Atlas).