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Cuando = when, whenever We use the indicative after cuando when expressing an action that is normal, usual or always occurs. We also use the indicative after cuando when expressing an action that has already occurred. We do this to express certainty.

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Cuando = when, whenever We use the subjunctive after cuando when expressing an action that has not yet occurred. (It describes something that will happen in the future.) We do this to express uncertainty.

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If you are expressing an action that always happens, is normal or usual, then use the mood of certainty (the indicative). Voy a mi armario tan pronto como llego a la escuela. (I go to my locker as soon as I get to school.) El profesor corrigió las pruebas después de que sus estudiantes las terminaron. (The teacher corrected the quizzes after his students finished them.)

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More examples with the indicative: El equipo de béisbol practica aunque llueve hoy. (The baseball team practices even though it is raining today.) Preparo mi tarea aun cuando tengo sueño por la noche. (I do my homework even when I am tired at night.) Aunque mis padres no tenían mucho dinero, yo no tenía que pagar la universidad. (Even though my parents did not have a lot of money, I didnt have to pay for college.)

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We use the subjunctive after these adverbial clauses when expressing an action that has not yet occurred. (It describes something that will happen in the future.) Ejemplos: Te llamaré en cuanto llegue a casa. (I will call you as soon as I get home.) Seguiremos estudiando hasta que entendamos bien el concepto. (We will continue studying until we understand the concept well.) Mis padres van a regalarme un coche después de que me gradúe del colegio. (My parents are going to give me a car after I graduate from high school.) El equipo de béisbo l jugará el partido aunque llueva. (The baseball team will play the game even if its raining.)

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