Pure Aqua has supplied a number of UF drinking (potable) water systems to the mining industry in Latin America. In addition, we have been involved nitrate and selenium treatment (RO) for mining operations in Canada.

Osmosis is the phenomenon of lower dissolved solids in water passing through a semi-permeable membrane into higher dissolved solids water until a near equilibrium is reached. Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a membrane process of purification which removes most of the the total dissolved solids (TDS) in water by reversing the natural process of osmosis. Pressure is applied to a TDS-concentrated solution against a semi-permeable membrane, causing pure water to diffuse through the membrane. RO has become an important process for a wide variety of applications including: medical, laboratory, desalination, industrial wastewater, Deionized (Dl) pretreatment, and drinking water.

Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology has been used for years in various industries to separate dissolved solids from water by forcing the water through a semi-permeable membrane. RO is also commonly used to purify drinking water and desalinate seawater to yield potable water. The water and other molecules with lower molecular weight (specific weight of molecules allowed to pass through is dependent on the selected membrane) pass through the micropores in the membrane, yielding a purified water stream called the permeate. Larger molecules are retained by the membrane as well as a portion of the water that does not pass through the membrane. This concentrated stream is called the concentrate or RO reject.

Areas that have no or limited surface water or groundwater may choose to desalinate seawater or brackish water to obtain drinking water. Reverse osmosis is the most common method of desalination, Sea Water Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) is a reverse osmosis desalination membrane process that has been commercially used since the early 1970s. Because no heating or phase changes are needed, energy requirements are low in comparison to other processes of desalination, though still much higher than other forms of water supply (including reverse osmosis treatment of wastewater).

Culligan Water installs Greyline SLT32 Level Monitors to control tank levels in their bottling plant in Calgary, Alberta. With non-contacting ultrasonic sensors the SLT32`s control fill and discharge valves in five tanks containing spring water, reverse osmosis water and distilled water.

Groundwater is in contact with soil and rock minerals. Significant amounts of the minerals are dissolved in the groundwater. Elevated water hardness is the result of the water interaction and partial dissolution of carbonate minerals.
Scale formation is a crystallisation process. Crystals are a highly organised arrangement of molecules. The determining circumstances for a successful crystallisation event include concentration, temperature, pressure and chemical environment. Suitable conditions for the formation of a crystal require numerous factors to coincide.
CALSTAT RO-30 provides crystallisation interference at a molecular level :
 Excellent results are achieved at low trace quantities of product. Calstat RO-30 dosed at trace levels of 4-10 kg per million litres
 Corrosion on steel surfaces is reduced or eliminated
 For drinking water production with RO (reverse osmosis) systems, membrane fouling is reduced. The water additive

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