Ecology 2.4 and 2.5

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A _______________________ receives between 25 and 75 centimeters of rain each year, and is typically populated by grasses and other non-woody plants.

grassland

In a desert the amount of ____________ is greater than the amount of precipitation.

evaporation

An __________________ is found where the fresh water of a river meets the salt water of the ocean.

estuary

_______________________ is soil that remains frozen all year.

permafrost

A ______________forest produces seeds in cones and have leaves shaped like needles.

coniferous

Two ingredients, _______________ and _____________ in an area determine its biome.

1.temperature

2.precipitation or rainfall

A _______________ is a group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms.

biome

A second layer of shorter trees and vines below the canopy form an _____________.

understory

_________________ are areas that receive less than 25 centimeters of rain per year.

Deserts

_______________________ is a low energy state similar to sleep is where an animal relies on fat it has stored in its body for energy use.

Hibebrnation

Grasslands that are located closer to the equator than the prairies, called __________________, receive as much as 120 centimeters of rain each year.

savannas

Tall trees form a leafy roof called the ____________________.

canopy

Below the low-tide line is a region of shallow water called the _______________.

neritic zone

_______________________ trees shed their leaves and grow new ones each year

Deciduous

The _____________________ is an extremely cold, dry land biome.

tundra

The part of the shore between the highest high-tide line and the lowest low-tide line is called the ________________ _________.

intertidal zone

The boreal forest is sometimes referred to by its Russian name, the ______________. Winters in these forests are very cold. Snowfalls can reach heights well over your head or two to three times your height.

taiga

In which land biome would you find large herbivores such as an elephant?

grassland

What are the names of the 3 forest biomes?

1. rain forest

2. deciduous forest

3. boreal forest

In what ways are the 3 forest biomes different?

1.They are found in different locations (latitude)

2.temperature

3.amount of sunlight

4.amount of precipitation

5.specific types of plants and animals

In what ways are the 3 forest biomes similar?

The 3 forest biomes are similar in a couple of ways.

1. The forests all have trees.

2. All of the forests have many habitats for organisms

What are the names of some salt water, or marine, ecosystems?

1. ocean (the entire body of the ocean)

Many smaller parts of large oceans are considered salt water ecosystems; such as;

- intertidal zone

-neritic zone

-surface zone

-deep ocean

-open-ocean

-coral reef

2.estuaries

3.bays/sounds

What are the names of some fresh water ecosystems?

1.pond

2.lake

3.stream

4.river

5.puddle

*freshwater wetlands*

What are the names of earth's major land biomes?

1.deserts

2.grasslands/savannas

3.deciduous forest

4.boreal forest (coniferous)

5.rain forests

6.tundra

*OTHER*

7.temperate forest

8.mountains/alpine

9.chaparral

10.temperate grassland

How does climate determine a biome's characteristics?

Climate limits the types of plants that can survive in the biome, and the type of plants in turn determine the kinds of animals that live there.

Why are large herbivores commonly found in Grasslands or savannas?

Grasslands are the home to large herbivores which help maintain the grasslands by keeping young trees and bushes from sprouting.