Maglev trains represent a perplexing puzzle to civil engineers. While the price of entry can be much higher than traditional rail based trains, maglevs -- trains held aloft by powerful electro magnets -- experience no friction, meaning they cost far less to maintain.

But the high construction costs have meant that only two commercial maglevs are currently in existence. Now the home nation of one of those two high-tech rail systems -- Japan -- is dreaming of a far more ambitious maglev line connecting Tokyo and Osaka with trains travelling safely at 311 mph.

Japan's current maglev system is only 8.9 kilometers (5.9 miles) long, and is located in Aichi, near the city of Nagoya. Dubbed "Linimo", the line operates at a "lowly" cruising speed of 62 mph. The line has struggled with losses in recent years and cost over $100M USD per km to construct.

But those struggles have not swayed Central Japan Railway Comp. (JR Tokai) (TYO:9022), which plans to deploy the sleek Series L0 prototype in 2027. The front car will stretch ninety-two feet, with over half of that length devoted to an aerodynamic nose cone. It will haul 14 carriages, each with 68 passengers in rows of four seats, with the exception of the last carriage, which seats only 24 (for a total of 908 passengers).

The first engineering mockups of the train were unveilled earlier this month.

The Series L0 Train [Image Source: Phys.org]

The train is planned to initially travel between the Shinagawa Station in central Tokyo to Nagoya, cities separated by roughly 218 miles on Japan's eastern coast. Today the trip would take four hours by car or 90 minutes on the fastest rail-based bullet trains, but travelling at a blistering 311 mph, the next-generation maglev rail is expect to deliver passengers there in just 40 minutes.

JR Tokia plans to eventually extend the system to connect to Osaka by 2045. Lead developer Yasukazu Endo comments, "Through the test runs, we will make final checks to ensure that commercial services are comfortable."

Long a leader in high-speed rail, Japan has recently seen fierce competition from its rival, China. China currently owns the only other active commercial maglev system in the world, a line in Shanghai. China is moving aggressively forward with its high speed rail expansion plans, despite the embarassing setback of having to scale back its line speeds from record paces due to allegations of contractor corruption leading to shoddy construction.

I'm gonna go out on a really small limb and predict that if high-speed trains become a big thing, they're going to end up with the same pre-screening security checks that air travel has.

Crashes start to become unsurvivable above about 70 mph. If you hit a solid object at those speeds, the deceleration forces are enough to rip apart the blood vessels and connective tissue inside your body. So a bomb on a regular train means a bunch of people get injured and a few killed. A bomb on a high-speed train means nearly everyone dies, just like a plane crash.

Who said terrorists are only interested in taking down buildings. Just because they did that one time does not mean that they are interested in doing that all the time. Take a look at what happened in India "2006 Mumbai train bombings" ( see wiki ). Terrorists just want to create as much chaos and destruction as possible. Lets not forget that.