Class 4. Argumentation

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Transcript of Class 4. Argumentation

Lecture 5. ArgumentationBuilding a strong argumentWhat you claim? Why you claim it? What proves your claim is true? How it all fits into the context?Basic argument structureData: The facts or evidence used to prove the argument Claim: The statement being argued (a thesis)Warrant: The general, hypothetical (and often implicit) logical statements that serve as bridges between the claim and the data.Qualifiers: Statements that limit the strength of the argument or statements that propose the conditions under which the argument is true.Rebuttal: Counter-arguments or statements indicating circumstances when the general argument does not hold true.Backing: Statements that serve to support the warrants (i.e., arguments that don't necessarily prove the main point being argued, but which do prove the warrants are true.)Toulmin Model of ArgumentToulmin Model of ArgumentArgumentation makes up the flesh of every persuasive speech!Stephen Toulmin (1922-2009), British philosopher, educatorHomeworkReading: Chapter 2 & 3Assignment: find examples of persuasion techniques