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E-learning compliance- new ways to do it.

Introduction

E-learning
would be, if used properly, not only an instrument for learning in the XXI
century but also a basis for innovative learning developments. The knowledge
based society could be constructed only on the bricks of efficient, out of the
box, borderline learning processes.

Task
oriented, objective oriented knowledge structured in order to perform
educational purposes, called also eduknowledge could be the frontline for actual
e-learning, mainly regarding learning of specific good practices in industry. Essentially
eduknowledge is a knowledge, learning oriented, management tool.

One of the
main challenges regarding e-learning is represented by knowledge, more exactly
by:

-the usage
of the existing knowledge (already available on the Internet and/or stored on
the PROMIS platform);

-capture of
new knowledge, mainly resulting from personal experience of the learner,
assessment of such knowledge and if valuable, including this experience
knowledge into the e-learning (eduknowledge) chunks as best practice procedures
or case studies;

The
e-challenge addressed mainly in this paper is to develop, improve and orient
e-learning specific processes and instruments in order to achieve the
implementation of awareness and commitment of compliance notions into SME, so
that such a trained SME could boost around a perfectionist organizational and
safety culture and became a seed for other SME in the same economic activity or
in other domains.

Objectives

The main
objective of the paper is to show new research regarding the tailoring and
optimization of e-learning structures called eduknowledge in efficiently learning compliance (and
developing a compliance oriented culture) into SME. This e-learning effort is
done working on the basis of a SME knowledge oriented platform called PROMIS,
platform that could integrate and use in the most efficient way such
instruments for e-learning, assuring sharing processes for knowledge (and
specially compliance oriented knowledge) among SME. An efficient educational
process is based upon knowledge and not information. It is possible to separate
distinctly data, information and knowledge into an e-learning process, as
follows:

• Data- a
property of things (discrimination between physical states);

•
Information- the subset of the data that resides in things and activates an
agent- being filtered from the data by the agent’s perceptual or conceptual
apparatus;

•
Knowledge- a property of agents predisposing them to act in particular
circumstances;

So,
knowledge is connected directly with action. Knowledge evolves dynamically,
being changed in the action process. Continuous learning is based upon the
dynamically progress of knowledge. The e-challenge here is to create chunks of
knowledge that could be efficiently used, without being boring for the learner
and also without being too complicated for a SME that has just general IT
knowledge.

Other
objectives of the paper are:

to explain that in a rapid and continuous
changing world, SME managers have a lot of difficult choices to do daily
in order to be compliant with the national and European rules and
regulations and not just only on the paper but by using this compliance as
an engine towards future durable development;

to show that compliance could be obtained
most efficiently through a mixed process of learning and using knowledge
based tools as PROMIS;

to explain that using the eduknowledge
concept, chunks of e-learning structures could be used most efficiently in
order to imprint the main compliance notions in SME management and also
other personnel and to make them understand how they can use compliance
into their own interest.

Methodology

The main
used methodology is educational design, adapted for the e-learning area. Some
knowledge intensive discover methodologies are also used in order to improve
the solution and make it more user friendly.

The
methodology is based on three pillars:

-Educational
ontologies (for quality, health and safety and environment) – used to obtain an
integrated static learning framework and to integrate existing and available
knowledge into contextual instances of this framework;

-Eduknowledge
objects – in order to improve and develop knowledge management on new horizons
related to compliance aspects (for example compliance with new and emergent
risks requirements)

-Development
of semantic enriched relationships between learning objects – in order to
improve the community (of SME) sharing and reusing eduknowledge learning
objects

A very important aspect of the methodological approach
is represented by knowledge elicitation It involves obtaining knowledge from a human expert
(or human experts) into compliance assurance in order to use this knowledge in
practical compliance implementation and maintenance at the SME level..

The knowledge
elicitation (and analysis) task involves:

-Finding at least one expert in the specific compliance domain which :

-Knowledge
structuring: converting the raw data (t compliance practical aspects) into intermediate representations prior to building a working e-learning
system. This will improve the knowledge engineer’s understanding of the
subject;



-Building
a model of the knowledge derived from the expert, for other experts to comment
and improve. From then on, the development proceeds by stepwise refinement.

The
methodological development based on the voice of customer is represented in the
next figure.

Figure 1 The
methodological development

Eduknowledge
is presented and analysed systematically around a business case involving
compliance with ISO 31.000 as the best example for safety developments. The main
eduknowledge structures, like those presented below are described in detail:

• The
eduknowledge start-up booster- which gives details regarding the specific
eduknowledge chunk and also acts as a user-friendly interface ;

• The
preliminary examples- which are introducing learners in the specific domain of compliance;

• The basic
chunk of knowledge that gives the ways to perform the specific task for which
the eduknowledge was built (for example, a specific eduknowledge is oriented
towards the design and development of a compliance based culture inside a SME-
this basic chunk of knowledge is a step-by-step procedure for development this
culture from scratch);

• How to do
(HTD) knowledge- which shows how to perform specific tasks related to the main task (for example, an
efficient culture uses all available data from databases or other
sources - as the eduknowledge is centred around efficiently building the
compliance culture ,one of HTD is centred
around the development of data framework that could sustain this culture)

•
Maintenance (M) knowledge- which has the role to help in solving specific
problems that could appear during the task performance (for example,
maintenance knowledge gives the solutions for tracking and debugging the
inference process required by the continuous culture improvement)

• Examples
and case studies- are used in order to give the learning person the possibility
to see in practice the applications of the knowledge

•
Dissemination mechanism- the tutorial mechanism used to train the learning
person;

• Feedback
mechanism- the mechanism used to take the feedback from the SME together with
the individuals involved in e-learning and uses it to adapt accordingly the tutorial
process

Brief Conclusions

The business
case is used in conjunction with a specific structure called pyramid in
order to give SME the best instrument in order to understand, learn and imprint
inside their people compliance as a future
continuous growth instrument. Having a multilingual tool could
only help various national SME in order
to collaborate and share together experience and moreover experience focused
into lessons learned. A SME gains time and money using such knowledge and not
re-inventing them from scratch. Knowledge issued from the new European Union
states could be helpful into regional cooperation and development but could
also be the start-up of development of a knowledge based network of lessons
learned in the domains of quality, health and safety and environment
protection on the basis of PROMIS
platform across all the European Union.

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Acknowledgements:
The author wants to thank XpertRule Software LTD and mr. Tim Sell for being
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