"The people have made their choice," he said after polling stations closed at 1700 GMT.

Voting had begun 12 hours earlier amid tight security. No major incidents were reported, although daily protests continued to be seen, with banners held in Shiite areas calling for King Hamad al-Khalifa to be toppled.

BNA said voting had been brisk, but residents of Shiite-populated villages said turnout had been low there.

The electoral commission put turnout at 52.6 percent in Sunday's first round, but the Shiite opposition said only 30 percent of eligible voters had cast their ballots.

Both sides traded accusations of irregularities.

The opposition said tens of thousands of people were pressured to vote, while the authorities accused Shiites of preventing others from reaching polling stations.

Authorities have enticed voters to take part by offering raffles for a free iPhone and warned those who stay at home risk losing access to government services.

Prior to the election Sunni Bahrainis, traditionally a community viewed as loyal to the crown, expressed their disillusionment with the parliament, which they described as “toothless” due to its lack of authority over the legislative process.

The justice minister warned on Saturday that "those who doubt the election results will be held accountable".

Since the uprising began in February 2011, at least 89 people are estimated to have been killed in clashes with security forces, and hundreds arrested and tried.

The tiny Gulf state and key US ally remains divided nearly four years after the protests.

Of the previous parliament elected in 2010, 18 MPs from the main opposition Al-Wefaq grouping withdrew in 2011 in protest at the "repression" of the pro-democracy protests.