The Holocaust and Nazi Propaganda

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Transcript of The Holocaust and Nazi Propaganda

The HolocaustandNazi Propaganda The Holocaust was a gruesome event in history where millions of Jews, gypsies, disabled people, and people under political and behavioral imprisonment suffered and were killed in concentration camps and death camps by the Nazis from about 1941 to 1945. The term "Holocaust" originates from a Greek word that means "sacrifice by fire" which is what the Nazis did to their victims' bodies. The use of propaganda enabled the Nazis to hold control and support from the bystanders of the Holocaust who lived in the nations the Nazis controlled. Once the Nazis took control of the government in Germany, they eliminated all of the Jews' civil rights. Jews were shunned from society; Jewish adults were denied their jobs, Jewish children were not allowed into school, Jews were not allowed at public events, and books written by Jewish authors were burned. Also, all Jews were forced to wear the Jewish Star of David path as pictured above on their clothing at all times. This is a burning synagogue in Germany on the night of Kristallnacht. Kristallnacht, meaning "night of broken glass", was the night when Nazis looted Jewish businesses, destroyed Jewish homes, and burned down synagogues. Adolf Hitler was the Nazi who came to power by force in Germany. He led the genocide of Jews and other hated minorities. Propaganda was a huge tool that Hitler used. This is one of Hitler's most famous forms of propaganda. It is Mein Kampf, the book that Hitler wrote while in prison. Mein Kampf is about Hitler's over exaggerated descriptions of his life and his veiws on politics and Jews. Hitler originally wanted his book to be called Four Years of Struggle against Lies, Stupidity, and Cowardice; but his publisher changed it to Mein Kampf which means "my struggle." That is the famous entry gate to Auschwitz, one of the most successful death camps in killing Jews and minorites. The sign ironically means "work makes you free" which was not the case for many people in Auschwitz. Anne Frank was a Jewish girl who went in to hiding from the Nazis with her family and some others for about two years before they were discovered. While in hiding, Anne kept a diary which was published and has sold over 35 million copies. Tragically, out all the people who were hiding with Anne, Otto Frank, Anne's father, was the only one who survived. Propaganda What exactly is propaganda? Propaganda is advertisement designed to help or hurt a certain cause. It can be in the form of posters, books, films, speeches and many more. The Nazis frequently used propaganda to encourage the annihilation of Jews and other minorities. They used propaganda to make people support World War Two and to encourage the Nazi beleif that Arians are the superior race. by: Laura Rovak This is a movie poster for a film made in 1940 called The Eternal Jew. The purpose of this propaganda was to make the Germans feel disgust and hatred towards the Jews. This is an image of survivors after the liberation of the camp in Dachau, Germany. Eventually, camps were liberated, but by the time they were, countless people had already perished. This is an excerpt of a speech made by Adolf Hitler in 1938. Though we do not know what he is saying, his powerful voice and ferociousness show how he influenced listeners into believing what he was saying. This is a cartoon featured in a Nazi magazine in 1930. The Jew on the left is portrayed as ugly and weak while the German is portrayed as strong and attractive. This was a Nazi propaganda poster degrading Jews. It promoted the idea that Jews are despicable. This is a Nazi poster describing the "good Germans" as innocent, pure, attractive and superior. The use of the pretty girl with the flowers on the container with the Nazi symbol promotes the Nazis as just and good. Non-Jewish children were also exposed to propaganda. Propaganda was seen in children's school lessons and in children's books. At an early age, German children were taught the wrong idea that Jews are evil. This was a popular children's book entitled The Poisonous Mushroom. The story explains how Jews are like poisonous mushrooms. It says that even one of them, like a poisonous mushroom, can bring danger to a whole family. This is a picture from the story "The Experience of Hans and Else with a Strange Man." In the story, Else receives candy from a strange man who tells her not to tell her mother. Hans gets suspicious and goes with Else to see the strange man. The strange man tries to get the children to come with him to his home when Hans realizes he must be a Jew and turns him into the police. This story makes it seem as though all Jews are child abductors. This is an illustration from the story "How to Tell a Jew." In it, the class learns the ways of spotting a Jew. The teacher tells them to use these skills in the real world because the Jews are evil. German children did get taught things like this in school. This is a picture from the story "Money is the God of the Jews." In it, it describes how the only thing Jews care about is money; they do not care how they get it or who gets hurt. This is a page from the children's book Trust No Fox in the Green Meadow and No Jew on his Oath. This is what the text on the page means: “The German and the Jew.Take a good look at the twoIn the picture drawn for you.A joke – you think it is only that?Easy to guess which is which, I say:The German stands up, the Jew gives way.” This is another picture from the book, Trust No Fox in the Green Meadow and No Jew on his Oath. It makes Jewish men and Jewish boys seem despicable for singling out pure German women and girls.The text that goes along with it is "What a creature is the Jew.Not even his own women he likes.To share himself a German wifeHe thinks just cute. You bet your life!" "From this picture may be seen,Hitler Youth in splendid mien,From smallest to the biggest boy.All are husky, tough and strong.They love their German FührerAnd God in Heaven they fear.But the Jews they must despise!" This is another picture from the book Trust No Fox in the Green Meadow and No Jew on his Oath. In this illustration, Hitler Youth is pictured as being strong and good looking compared to Jewish boys. The text that goes with this picture is This is an illustration from a children's book in 1936. The menacing looking birds on the ground are meant to resemble the Jews on the left. There is anti-Jewish graffiti on the wall. The headlines the German children are reading can be translated to "Jews Are Our Misfortune" and "How the Jew Cheats." This is a propaganda poster promoting the Nazi idea that Jews start wars and make wars longer. This is a small flyer that was printed right after Jews were forced to wear the Star of David patch on their clothing. The flyer is saying that those who are wearing those stars are the enemies. Nazis strutting down the street in their uniforms was a form of propaganda. The man on the left is wearing the uniform for the Allgemeine SS. On the right is the standard uniform for the SS. Both uniforms include the bright red band with the swastika, the symbol of the Nazis and the Third Reich. This poster was made to make Jews seem less human then the Germans. The pictures of the Jews are taken out of context and are distorted and humiliating. The text means "Jews are our misfortune." This is a poster trying to persuade the Germans that Jews are evil. Thus, the large use of propaganda allowed the Nazis to carry the Holocaust on for too long. Nazis infused anti semitism into German children at a very early age through the books they grew up reading and in the lessons learned in school. Nazis reinforced their ideas through posters, books, speeches, films, and uniforms. Without the support of the brain washed Germans from the extensive propaganda, the Nazis would not have been capable of making the Holocaust as horrific and long as it was. January 30, 1933 Adolf Hitler is made Chancellor of Germany A Chancellor means the head of the government, similar to a Prime Minister of other countries. After Hitler was made Chancellor, the Nazis started a parade in Berlin to celebrate. March 22, 1933 Nazis open the concentration camps in Dachau, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen, and Ravensbrück Setting up these camps was one of the early things the Nazis did after Hitler came to power. Ravensbrück was a camp for women who did forced labor. August 2, 1934 Hitler becomes Führer Hitler became the Führer mere hours after the death of the President of Germany. Hitler used his death to gain complete power over Germany by then making a new law that was probably illegal. September 15, 1935 Nuremberg Race Laws against Jews established The Nuremberg Race Laws made Jews no longer citizens of Germany, forbid Jews from getting married to or having sexual relations with Aryans, and required "Certificate of Fitness to Marry" certificate inorder to get a marriage license. The certificates were only given if it was examined that the couple was "disease free." November 8, 1937 'Eternal Jew' travelling exhibition opens in Munich The 'Eternal Jew' exhibition traveled throughout Germany to promote the hatred of Jews. It featured displays thatpromoted Jews as dangerous, not completely human, and different then the Aryans in looks and in soul. November 9, 1938 Kristallnacht Also known as The Night of Broken Glass, Kristallnacht was when Nazis burned synagogues, looted Jewish businesses, and destroyed Jewish homes. Kristallnacht was started after Herschel Grynszpan, a 17 year old Jew killed a member of the German Embassy staff. January 30, 1939 Hitler threatens Jews during Reichstag speech Adolf Hitler was making a speech in front of the Nazi Reichstag when he actually publicly threatened the Jews. He said that the Jews would be annihilated in Europe if they were the cause of another World War. September 27, 1939 Warsaw surrenders When Warsaw surrendered, the second in command of the SS, Reinhard Heydrich became the leader of the RSHA. The RSHA was a combination of the Nazis' SS Security Service and the Gestapo. October, 1939 Nazis begin euthanasia on sick and disabled in Germany Hitler ordered "mercy killing" to be performed on the sick and disabled in order to eliminate some of the imperfections. The SS later used this method to kill Jews in concentration camps. November, 1940 The Krakow and Warsaw Ghettos are sealed off This traps 110,000 Jews. From this point forward, Krakow and Warsaw were partially like a prison and partially like a concentration camp. July 31, 1941 Göring instructs Heydrich to prepare for Final Solution The Final Solution was the Nazi solution to the "Jew problem" where the Nazis would try to exterminate the Jewish race in Europe. According to the plan, all German Jews were shipped to concentration camps. September 1, 1941 German Jews ordered to wear yellow stars Jews were forced to wear a yellow Star of David patch on their clothing at all times. The Nazis had them do this so it was easier to round up all of the Jews and send them to concentration camps according to the Final Solution. September 17, 1941 Beginning of general deportation of German Jews SS officials and Nazis forced Jews to abandon their current life, home, and possessions. They rode in over filled rail cars to concentration camps. January 20, 1942 Wannsee Conference This was held by Reinhard Heydrich with 15 Nazis to coordinate the Final Solution. Their estimated goal was to kill about 11 million Jews. January 18, 1943 First resistance by Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto This was when a small group of Jews rebelled and began fighting Nazis in the Warsaw Ghetto. This showed that all Jews had not completely lost all hope and will to live. March 14, 1943 The Krakow Ghetto is liquidated This means that the Nazis completely evacuated and abandoned that ghetto. The Jews were moved to Auschwitz to speed up the Final Solution process. Summer 1944 Auschwitz-Birkenau records its highest-ever daily number of persons gassed and burned Auschwitz-Birkenau topped its daily record by killing just over 9,000 people. The bodies could not all fit in the crematories so six massive pits were made to burn them. This feat proved that the Nazis were not ready to give up their Final Solution. July 24, 1944 Russian troops liberate the first concentration camp The concentration camp at Majdanek was the first to be liberated. Previously, about 360,000 people had already died there. January 27, 1945 Russian troops liberate Auschwitz One of the worst concentration camps, Auschwitz was where about 2,000,000 people perished. The Nazis were able to kill 1,500,000 Jews out of the 2,000,000 people they murdered. April 30, 1945 Hitler commits suicide in his Berlin bunker Towards the end of World War Two, the panicking Hitler hid in a Berlin bunker. When he realized all hope was lost, he commited suicide. Germany surrendered soon after. The End.