Multi-Agent Learning

How to intelligently adapt an agent’s behaviour to populated, dynamic, and often unpredictable environments is a complex but fundamental question in artificial intelligence. The world of software systems increasingly consists of autonomous software agents that interact in open, dynamic and unpredictable environments. In such environments it is often impossible to anticipate on all interactions beforehand. Therefore, intelligent adaptation of behaviour among artificial agents is a key research issue in artificial intelligence and agent technology. Research in multi-agent learning (MAL) studies software agents that learn and adapt to the behaviour of other software agents. The presence of other learning agents complicates learning, which makes the environment non-stationary (a situation of learning a moving target) and non-Markovian (a situation where not only experiences from the immediate past but also earlier experiences are…