Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro fungicidal and growth inhibitory activity of ciclopirox olamine alone (1% and 1.5%) or in association with 1% zinc pyrithione compared to 2% ketoconazole, against Malassezia species particularly involved in the pathogenesis of seborrheic dermatitis. Experiments were performed on Malassezia globosa IP 2387.96 and M. restricta IP 2392.96 strains. Growth inhibitory activity of the active compounds in solution was evaluated by measuring minimal inhibitory concentrations using a broth micro-method and their fungicidal activity by a filtration method after contact times between solutions and yeasts ranging from 3–5 to 30 min. Concerning the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration of ciclopirox olamine/zinc pyrithione, it revealed the marked synergistic inhibitory effect of the association, leading to a higher efficacy compared to ketoconazole. As to the fungicidal activity of ciclopirox olamine, it significantly increased with the contact time. After 15–30 min of contact between 1.5% ciclopirox olamine and Malassezia strains, a 2-log reduction of Malassezia counts was observed. The 1.5% ciclopirox olamine/1% zinc pyrithione association was characterized by a steady fungicidal efficacy whereas the 2% ketoconazole solution did not express any fungicidal effect. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the in vitro inhibitory and fungicidal efficacy of the ciclopirox olamine/zinc pyrithione association against Malassezia species and underscores its potential interest in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis.

Abeck, D. 2004Rational of frequency of use of ciclopirox 1% shampoo in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis: Results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled study comparing the efficacy of once, twice, and three times weekly usageInt J Dermatol43S13S16CrossRefGoogle Scholar

17.

Lebwohl, M, Plott, T. 2004Safety and efficacy of ciclopirox 1% shampoo for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp in the US population : Results of a double-blind, vehicle-controlled trialInt J Dermatol43S17S20CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Velegraki, A, Alexopoulos, EC, Kriticou, S, et al. 2004Use of fatty acid RPMI 1640 media for testing susceptibilities of eight Malassezia species to the new triazole posaconazole and to six established antifungal agents by a modified NCCLS M27-A2 microdilution method and EtestJ Clin Microbiol4235893593PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar

31.

Altemeyer, P, Hoffmann, K. 2004Efficacy of different concentrations of ciclopirox shampoo for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp: Results of a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trialInt J Dermatol43S9S12CrossRefGoogle Scholar