Thyroid dysfunction is a prominent finding in alcoholism. Subclinical and clinical hypothyroidism have been associated with clinical depression and cognitive impairment and may increase the relapse risk among alcoholics. In spite of these important clinical associations, there is no consensus on thyroid dysfunction in alcoholism in the literature. In this ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and severity of focal lymphocytic sialadenitis in minor salivary glands of healthy, asymptomatic individuals, in whom Sjögren's syndrome (SS) has been excluded. METHODS: Charts of 54 healthy volunteers who had salivary gland biopsies at the National Institutes of Health from January 1992 to August 1998 ...

In neonates, infants, children and adolescents serum concentrations of the thyroid hormones show a clear age dependency. Currently, age-dependent thyroid hormone reference ranges for the new ADVIA Centaur immunoanalyzer are not available. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), total thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and total triiodothyronine (T3) were determined ...

OBJECTIVE: To delineate a possible difference in the function of the eustachian tube (ET) between infants and adults. STUDY DESIGN: Morphometric and histopathological examination on the human temporal bones. METHODS: The secretory glands in the ET were studied in serial histological sections through the cartilaginous portion of the human ET ...

INTRODUCTION: How aging influences the secretion of saliva is not entirely clear. Postmortem studies have demonstrated that, with age, the parenchyma of the salivary glands is gradually replaced by fat, connective tissue, and oncocytes. However, functional studies among healthy individuals indicate that aging per se does not lead to a ...

The objective of this epidemiologic study was to determine the volume of the thyroid gland as well as urinary iodine excretion in dependence on age and gender in a population from an area of low natural iodine supply now receiving iodine prophylaxis. In 430 persons from three communities in the ...

OBJECTIVE: Present volumetric or gravimetric techniques for measuring saliva output are often cumbersome and, therefore, not generally used. In the present study, a simple approach to study the weight loss of a standard hard sugar candy after 3 minutes of passive incubation between tongue dorsum and palate was tested. STUDY ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the association of stimulated salivary flow rate with perceived salivary flow and various oral symptoms among a group of independently living elderly persons. STUDY DESIGN: The subjects were 351 persons (189 men and 162 women) with a mean age of 66.7 ...

Healthy heavy body weight strain of adult male Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) of the same age were used in this study to observe the effect of hemicastration and castration on the frequency of foam discharges from cloacal gland and other related parameters. The quails were housed in individual cages ...

In decapod crustaceans, a number of neurohormones regulating a variety of physiological processes, including reproduction, are to be found in the X-organ-sinus gland complex of the eyestalk. Bilateral eyestalk ablation was thus performed in mature males of the Australian red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus with the aim of studying the ...

PURPOSE: To determine the concentration of group IIA phospholipase A2 (GIIAPLA(2)) in tears of patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) and to compare it with the GIIAPLA(2) content of tears in age-matched healthy controls. METHODS: The GIIAPLA(2)content of tears was measured with time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay in 20 patients with KCS (mean age ...

The aim of the present study was to examine age-related changes in the proliferative capacity of acinar and ductal cells in labial salivary glands of healthy subjects as reflected by AgNOR and Ki-67 parameters. The study was conducted on 24 postmortem samples of labial salivary glands free from salivary gland ...

Thirty-two male Holstein calves were used to investigate the effects of nutritional conditions around weaning and aging on carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity in the parotid gland and epithelium from the rumen and abomasum. We fed calf starter and lucerne hay as well as milk replacer (group N) or fed milk ...

OBJECTIVE: Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has significant properties in wound healing and tissue repair and is suggested to be of importance for the maintenance of mucosal integrity in the upper digestive tract. The purpose of the present study was to identify any age-dependent variations in the concentration of bFGF ...

Androgenic gland hormone (AGH) is responsible for male sexual differentiation in crustaceans. AGH of the terrestrial isopod, Armadillidium vulgare, is a heterodimetric glycoprotein. To determine the distribution of AGH in the male reproductive system, an immunohistochemical study was carried out using antibodies raised against different components of the proAGH molecule ...

Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) was confirmed to be expressed in the human pituitary gland, particularly the anterior lobe, at levels comparable to those in the pancreas. The DNase I activity and the amount of gene transcript present in the pituitary glands of individuals aged from 1 month to 89 years ...

The influence of carbohydrate (1 l/h of a 6 % carbohydrate beverage), gender, and age on salivary IgA (sIgA) changes and incidence of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) was studied in 98 runners following two competitive marathon races. The pattern of change in sIgA concentration differed significantly between carbohydrate (C) ...

The aim of the study was to compare the size, weight, volume and density of the pineal gland in several groups divided by age, body weight and height. 80 human pineal glands were included in the study. Obtained data were statistically analysed by means of Statistica by Statsoft to check ...

Changes in thyroid function are often described in elderly subjects; however, their pathophysiologic significance and the possible contributory role of both malnutrition and nonthyroidal illness are still debated. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate thyroid function in relationship to some markers of the nutritional status in a ...

The hypothalmo-pituitary thyroid axis, among various endocrine systems, undergoes physiological alterations associated with the ageing process. Directly age-related changes have to be distinguished from indirect modifications which are caused by simultaneous thyroidal or non-thyroidal illness or other physiological or pathophysiological states whose incidence increases with age. In summary, direct changes ...

In many species, chemical signals are important in the context of intraspecific communication. European badgers (Meles meles) use the secretion of their subcaudal gland to mark both the environment and conspecifics. In this paper, we investigated the chemical composition of subcaudal gland secretions and how it varies among individuals according ...

Morphological and physiological age changes are described in human salivary glands. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is neoangiogenic growth factor found in normal salivary glands. Considering the neoangiogenic properties of VEGF and its important function in inflammation, repair and, probably, in oral mucosa homeostasis, the purpose of the present study ...

The pituitary gland of 300 individuals (ages: 3-85 years; 101 males and 199 females) with no pituitary gland related symptoms were studied using a 1.5-T superconductive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) unit. The focus of the study was on morphological changes at puberty in females. Among three parameters related to pituitary ...

Thyroid ultrasonography was performed in 482 subjects, free of known thyroid disease and living in a borderline iodine-sufficient urban area, to assess the prevalence of non-palpable thyroid nodules and evaluation their evolute during a 3-yr follow-up. The mean (+/-SD) thyroid volume in the whole study group was 10.9+/-3.7 ml and ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate prolonged low dose-rate gamma-exposure effects on the thyroid glands of residents living in 60Co-contaminated steel buildings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Physical examination and ultrasonography of the thyroid, determination of thyroid function and anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies were performed for 1346 residents. Ultrasound-guided aspiration cytology was done for thyroid nodules. ...

Exposure to estrogens throughout a woman's life, including the period of intrauterine development, is a risk factor for the development of breast cancer. The increased incidence of breast cancer noted during the last 50 years may have been caused, in part, by exposure of women to estrogen-mimicking chemicals that are ...

Ultrasound is a safe, non-invasive technique that provides a more precise and objective method of determining thyroid volume than inspection and palpation, particularly in areas of mild endemicity, and generally whenever goiters are small. Thyroid volume is also correlated with age, weight, height and body surface area (BSA) in non-iodine-deficient ...

BACKGROUND: Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) exhibits antimicrobial activities that, in addition to other well-characterized proteins such as lysozyme and lactoferrin, is thought to play a critical role in mucosal defenses. Although elderly individuals are particularly susceptible to mucosal infections, salivary production of SLPI has not been assessed in an ...

A blue roan Percheron foal was born with poorly circumscribed patchy alopecia of the trunk and legs. Teeth and hoof development were normal. Alopecia was progressive, becoming almost complete by 1 year of age. Histopathological findings in a skin biopsy obtained at 7 months of age were consistent with severe ...

The volatile components of whole-body extracts of males, females and workers were analyzed in four species of Neotropical ants in the formicine genus, Camponotus. The species, C. kaura, C. sexguttatus, C. ramulorum and C. planatus, represent three different subgenera. Volatile mandibular gland components were found only in male extracts in ...

Although oral candidiasis is frequently seen in the elderly, the factors determining candidal growth have insufficiently been explored. Hence, we examined the influence of aging on candidal adhesion and growth-inhibitory agents in saliva in 45 healthy volunteers and 60 patients with oral candidiasis. Both non-stimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates ...

OBJECTIVE: Lean body mass is a better determinant of thyroid size than body weight as demonstrated in a previous crosssectional study. We now evaluated if intra-individual changes in body composition and especially changes in lean body mass, due to physical training, could give rise to changes in thyroid volume. SUBJECTS ...

BACKGROUND: Iodine deficiency and endemic goiter have been reported in the past in The Netherlands, especially in the southeast. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate iodine intake and thyroid size in Dutch schoolchildren, contrasting those living in a formerly iodine-deficient region in the east (Doetinchem) with those living in an iodine-sufficient region in ...

In the post-salt iodization phase, a study on iodine nutriture status was conducted in Tripura of North East India. The clinical variable of the study was goiter and the biochemical variables were urinary iodine and thiocyanate. Random sampling methodology was followed for selecting the study areas in the State. In ...

Magnetisation transfer (MT) techniques provide tissue contrast depending mainly on the concentration of macromolecules. Because many macromolecules are involved in the secretory activity of the pituitary gland, MT techniques might be useful in the study of pituitary gland disorders. Our purpose was to establish a quantitative database of the MT ...

OBJECTIVE: The altered function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPT) in anorexia nervosa (AN) patients has not been clearly elucidated so far. Low triiodothyronine (T3) syndrome and a blunted and delayed thyrotropin (TSH) response to exogenously administrated thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) are common findings. However, no attention has been paid to thyroid ...

The age- and sex-dependence of the 131I induced count rates is determined for the measurements performed in Ukraine after the Chernobyl accident on the thyroids of over 60,000 persons. For this, the individual measurements are scaled in such a way that the mean values over age and sex on one ...

Marked changes in thyroid function occur during puberty as an adaptation to body and sexual development. Characteristics of thyroid growth were investigated in 259 healthy adolescents (110 girls and 149 boys), aged 11--17 yr, in an urban area of Switzerland with sufficient iodine supply. The thyroid volume determined by ultrasonography ...

Investigation of age-related prevalence of various types of focal lymphocytic infiltration (FLI) and degrees of histomorphologic changes was conducted on 120 biopsies of palatal and labial salivary glands (PSG and LSG, respectively) obtained from autopsy subjects free of salivary gland tumors/diseases. Biopsies were divided into young (<30 years, n=30), adult ...

Cyclic antidepressants are still a dominating group of psychotherapeutic drugs used in the treatment of depression. Dry mouth is one of their major side effects. In this study we analyzed the effects of the long-term administration of the tricyclic antidepressant desipramine and the reversibility of this treatment following a 15-day ...

To evaluate the iodine supply of the German population, 2500 representative subjects older than 13 years were elected for answering a specific food questionnaire. In addition spot urine samples in 3 selected risk groups for iodine deficiency (574 adults aged 50-70 years, 769 conscripts, 886 pairs of mothers and newborns) ...

Iodine deficiency is a major determinant of endemic goiter which affects bone growth. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between iodine deficiency and oral health. A cross-sectional survey was carried out on 181 inhabitants aged 17 to 40 years in two villages in an iodine-deficient area ...

Frequencies of thyroid problems in different age, sex and seasons were determined from the relative concentration of thyroid hormones (T<sub>3</sub> and T<sub>4</sub>) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in 9054 patients. These patients visited the radioimmunoassay (RIA) laboratory of the Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine (IRNUM) Peshawar during the years ...

A retrospective study was conducted to know the distribution of thyroid patients in different age, sex and seasons. Twenty five thousand four hundred and thirty seven thyroid patients were referred to the radioimmunoassay (RIA) laboratory of the Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine (INRUM), Peshawar, during the years 1984-1990 (except ...

Cyclic antidepressants are still a dominating group of psychotherapeutic drugs used in the treatment of depression. One of their major side effect is salivary gland dysfunction (oral dryness, xerostomia), leading in humans to increased oral disease and dysfunction of speech, chewing, swallowing and taste. The purpose of this study was ...

Dry mouth is one of the major side effects of cyclic antidepressants, which are still a dominating group of psychotherapeutic drugs used in the treatment of depression. In this study we analyzed the effects of 28 day tricyclic antidepressant administration and the reversibility of this treatment following a 15 day ...