Here is my solution to this problem:
I figured out that for the given categories, we need to know how many 1s, 2s, 3s… 6s there are in the rolled die in the game. To do that, I created an ArrayList for each possible die value (from 1 to 6), and added 1 to the appropriate ArrayList if the value was present in the rolled die configuration. I then looked at the array sizes to figure out whether the category should be a match or now. Here is my code, which you can also find on gist: