Without a doubt the most important issuer of sports cards was the Chicago-based Exhibit Supply Company. Beginning with its inaugural issue of 1921 and continuing until about 1971 when its last cards were printed, the Exhibit Supply Company, or “ESCO” as its diamond-shaped logo said, was the unparalleled card manufacturer/chronicler of athletics.

ESCO began its foray into sports cards in 1921, but it by no means was even primarily a sports card maker. Indeed, the variety and number of issues by ESCO is rivaled only by the American Tobacco Company. Every conceivable legitimate subject of popular culture, from movie stars to athletes to strippers, were depicted on Exhibit cards. Over its 50-year history ESCO made cards of Mack Sennett Studio comedians, western stars, movie and television stars, athletes from every major sport, fighter jets, the Mercury astronauts, jokes, fortunes, Las Vegas showgirls and even Benito Mussolini (really), to name only a smattering of its subjects. We are not likely to ever know precisely how many different cards were issued by ESCO; we can make some rough assessments based on ESCO advertising from the period. ESCO advertised to arcade owners that it released a new set of cards every 60 days. Figuring 48 cards per issue (since 32 was minimum but there were many issues of 64 and 128 cards), six issues per year, for a 50 year period, ESCO is likely to have issued in excess of 14,000 cards.

The method of distribution of Exhibit cards was a unique product of the first half of the 20th century. Until the period after World War II, Americans did not have the incredible variety of home-delivered amusements that we enjoy today. Imagine a world without television, video, the Internet or other electronic in-home media. Only radio existed, and then not until the 1920’s. When they wanted something to do, people left their homes for bars, movie theatres, boardwalks and arcades. ESCO manufactured amusement machines for those places: fortune tellers, prize machines, scales and so forth. Its major development, from our perspective, was the card dispensing machine. Exhibit cards were the first nationally distributed sports card product sold without any ancillary uses or purposes. The cards were not for advertising nor were they product premiums. They themselves were the product. A store or arcade owner purchased an ESCO vending machine and ESCO sold them refill products for the machines. ESCO made its real money on the refill orders, not on the machines. The cards were dispensed for a penny (later, a nickel or dime) to the patron of the store or arcade. ESCO sold refill cards direct to vendors, although in the 1960’s the company did package its cards into celluloid wrappers for direct sales to consumers (the fact that the company was out of business only a few years after trying direct sales of card packs is proof of the effectiveness of the strategy). As you can imagine, the vending machines are themselves highly desirable collectible items and routinely sell for hundreds of dollars. The advertising pieces that went with the machines likewise sell briskly, especially when they depict sports stars.

I start our tour of these unique cards with several baseball related issues. I then move through various cards of interest with examples of many of the interesting sets in the various realms of Exhibit card collecting. I will periodically add new and interesting cards of all sports and nonsport subjects as they become available to me, so please check back regularly.

If you wish to contact me about cards you've seen in my albums, please sign the guestbook--your comments will be forwarded to me. I am always looking for collections to purchase.

Album by Adam Warshaw. 1 - 536 of 536 Total. 46592 Visits.

11921 Exhibit Babe Ruth. This uncharacteristic fielding pose is one of my favorites from the innagural ESCO baseball issue.

2This advertising header for an ESCO machine solves one of the mysteries of Exhibit boxing card collecting. ESCO issued cards in sheets of 32. The 1921 set, which this card advertises, has 58 known boxers. Where are the other 6 has long bedeviled collectors. This broadside answers the question: the other 6 are wrestlers! Note the header is printed on scrap stock--its back is a partial sheet of postcard back art.

3Ca. 1931 or 1932 4 on 1 arcade card with postcard back. Dated based on O'Doul's October 14, 1930 trade to Brooklyn from Philly. Only a few known cards and only a few known examples of each.

41931-32 4 on 1 PC backed card with Gehrig, Cochrane, Grove. The key to this elusive issue. No one knows much about them. They used images from the earlier individual PC-backed sets. I have only seen a few different cards from the set.

5Here is another. For more info and images please see my page dedicated to these cards.

6Babe Ruth-Rogers Hornsby-Mickey Walker-Georges Carpentier

An earlier group of 4 on 1's are shown on this and the next four images. These are multisport, covering baseball and boxing, and there are also entertainment cards and entertainment-baseball mixed cards, and are drawn from images used in the 1925 issue of the postcard-backed Exhibit set.

7Walter Johnson-Al Simmons-Gene Tunney-Benny Leonard

8Eugene Criqui-Dave Shade-Joe Judge-Ty Cobb

9Jack Dempsey-Rocky Kansas-Heinie Groh-Bucky Harris

Note the back: it has a "not to be used in exhibit machines" notation and a coupon, proving that this is indeed an ESCO issue.

10Here is a blended subjects (baseball and entertainment) card. Note the two ink colors and the upside down printing.

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12Here is an uncatalogued (until now) 4 on 1 from the same batch that has rare baseball-boxing-entertainment mixed cards. It has Harold Lloyd, Buster Keaton, and two no-name actors. The Keaton image tends to narrow the date on the card issue. It is a still from a 1925 film called "Go West." Since the Cobb is shown with Detroit and drawn from the PC back set issued in 1925-1926, a 1925-1926 date is likely for the four on 1 issue as well.

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14Ty Cobb strip card made from the same art as the 4 on 1s

15Original art for Sammy Bohne arcade card. Photograph and ink on board. Bohne ne Cohen was an early Jewish player from California. Bohne was traded to Brooklyn late in 1926 and was out of the majors by 1927, indicating that this image was created in 1925 or 1926.

16Here is the actual card, purple ink variation. Note that the field of the card is smaller than the field of the image

17Original art for the Speaker card. Note the whited out logo on the sleeve.

181928 PC backed Tris Speaker. Cobb and Speaker rigged a game in 1926. Judge Landis did not ban the men but their teams traded the aging stars. Speaker went to Washington for 1927 then on to the A's for 1928 where he joined Cobb in the outfield.

19Original art for the Harry Heilmann card.

20The card.

21Original art for the first-run Waner card

22There are three versions of Paul Waner's card in the PC-Backed issue. The first shows Waner batting.

23ESCO cut away the background to produce this silhouette image of Waner batting.

24The last of the PC-Backed Waner cards shows an unsmiling Waner in portrait. It is the most common of the three.

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26Gabby Hartnett, background removed variation. On 8 of the Postcard-backed baseball cards, the company cut away the background and kept the player silhouette. This is a prime example. Very tough to find in any condition.

27Here is what it looks like with the background

28ca. 1928 Rogers Hornsby. On 5 of the postcard-backed baseball cards, to reflect player trades the issuer pasted a label over the legend on the original art and ran new cards. Hornsby, Cobb, Rouch [sic], Frisch and Peckinpaugh have this rare variation. Hornsby was traded twice in three seasons because he was an obnoxious jerk.

29The last of 3 Hornsby cards in the PC back set, this one is the most elusive.

30I really liked the color on this Eppa Rixey card.

31Ralph Pinelli in a tougher yellow with orange print variety.

32Edd Roush PC backed card with correction label. They still managed to misspell both of his names!

33ca. 1927-28 Ty Cobb. As noted in the correction label, Cobb finished his career with the A's in 1927-28.

34ca. 1928-29 Babe Ruth. Definitely the best Ruth Exhibit pose. A classic Ruth pose that has found its way onto posters.

35PC-backed Lou Gehrig batting. There are two versions of this card; one with the background removed and this one. The portrait card of Gehrig uses the image on card #3 above, as does the W517

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38ca. 1926 Walter Johnson. The greatest pitcher of all time.

39ca. 1929 or 1930 Lefty O'Doul, dated by team designation (he was traded to the Phillies October 29, 1928 and to the Dodgers October 14, 1930).

40One of the earliest cards of HOFer Jimmie [sic] Foxx, this PC backed card dates to about 1927-28.

41Hack Wilson from the PC-Backed set. A moderately difficult one to locate.

42Very rare Exhibit card of Tom Mix, western star, who had a semi-pro baseball team. I learned from one of Mix's biographers that the team was composed of movie folks and competed in a league of movie people that was organized for fun, not for charity or publicity.

43This 8 image card from 1929 is part of a series of cinema star cards. In addition to Babe Ruth, Jack Dempsey is depicted (both starred in lousy movies). Also comes in red print on a pink stock. The other subjects of the card are the cream of the ESCO subjects at the time: Chaplin, Jolson, Lindbergh, Mix, Lloyd and Fairbanks.

44The 2nd most sought-after Exhibit 8 image movie star stamps card, an undated version with Lon Chaney as a vampire in London After Midnight.

45Another Chaney card, not as sought after since he is not in make-up. Also has WC Fields and Eddie Cantor.

46Another desirable card, this one depicting several of the Little Rascals.

47This one features silent star Buster Keaton.

48Very rare 1928 Pacific Coast League Exhibit of Hal Rhyne. PCL Exhibits are among the scarcest of Exhibit issues. Key cards in the 32-card set are Earl Averill and Jimmy Reese. Only a few sets are known.

49Here is the 1928 PCL Exhibit Earl Averill. It is the key card in the set. I'd say it is one of the two or three most sought after Exhibit baseball cards.

501921 Exhibit of Earl "Greasy" Neale. Not many people realize that Mr. Neale is in the Hall of Fame. The Football Hall of Fame. Along with other former MLB players Ernie Nevers and Jim Thorpe.

51Heinie Groh shows his famous bottle bat. One of my favorite images. 1921 Exhibit card. According to many collectors of the set this is one of the toughest 1921s to locate.

52Ray Schalk's 1921 Exhibit card. The PC sized medium is a great way to view old players and equipment.

541921 Dickie Kerr. One of the honest Black Sox, Kerr was the stopper of the series for the Sox. Look at his expression; I like to think it was in reaction to a question about his teammates' betrayal.

55Another of my alltime favorite poses, Harry Heilmann on the 1922 card. This image is used in several other sets but it is best shown on the PC-sized Exhibit card.

561922 Exhibit Joe Wood. One of my favorite cards because of the history. Wood had two careers in baseball. In his first incarnation as Smoky Joe Wood, he had a few seasons as one of the finest pitchers in history. "Can I throw harder than Joe Wood? Listen, my friend, there's no man alive can throw harder than Smoky Joe Wood."---Walter Johnson. Wood blew out his arm, went back to the minors, and restructured his career as an outfielder. He is shown here on his only Exhibit card.

571922 Exhibit Ross Youngs [sic]. Considered one of his rookie cards, the ill-fated HOF outfielder died young and suddenly and was elected to the Hall on a waiver, like Addie Joss and Roberto Clemente.

581922 Eastern Exhibit Company Tris Speaker. The Eastern Exhibit Company was absorbed by the "regular" Exhibit Supply Company and put out only 1 set of cards.

591922 Eastern Exhibit Supply Dave Bancroft. There are two versions of each arcade card, one with the eastern company's Philadelphia address and one with the Philly address blocked out and replaced with the Chicago ESCO address.

601922 Exhibit Sammy Bohne. Another tough and popular card of the Jewish star.

611923 Gabby Hartnett. While reputed to be the toughest of the major league baseball series from the 1920s, in actuality the 1926 set is even more difficult.

65Another of my alltime favorite cards. This Indian chief is none other than Jim Thorpe, making a living in the early 1930s in bad westerns playing...an Indian. A very rare PC-backed card from a set of movie stars issued approximately 1931. There is a set of strip cards, very rare, in the same style and with some of the same images. I can confirm Thorpe cards in all three sizes of the strip cards.

66Here is the Exhibit Thorpe side by side with three of the four types of strip cards made with the same art, the large strip card (middle right) the tab-sized (middle left), and the monotone small card (left). The size not shown is the same height as the tab sized but a bit wider. The cards are approx. to scale. The tab sized cards were issued with a lettered tab at the bottom that could be cut off for redemption (I suspect in an arcade or candy store). The other small strip cards came in vertically oriented strips. I am not sure of the orientation of the larger cards; I suspect vertical strips of 3 like W517.

67Here is the Thorpe with tab intact.

68This card shows cowboy actor William Desmond. The Indian chief on the left is Jim Thorpe. This is the second Thorpe pose from the set. The other Indian in the image went by the stage name "Chief Thunderbird" (real name Richard Davis Thunderbird). The card helps narrow down the issue date. Thorpe, Thunderbird and Desmond appeared together in the 1931 film "Battling With Buffalo Bill."

69This Jack Dempsey card relates to Jack's movie career. Probably issued around the time of his 1920 serial "Daredevil Jack". I suspect that this card is Dempsey's true "rookie" card.

70A very rare card of star Rudolph Valentino working out with pro boxer Gene Delmont and Jack Dempsey. There are a few candid type cards of stars and athletes together.

71Another rarity, this one Tom Mix working out with boxer Newsboy Brown. Note the big Star of David on Brown's shorts; he is one of many Jewish boxers.

721931-32 Babe Ruth card from a set of movie-related Exhibit cards. One of the rarest Exhibit cards of Ruth and definitely one of the most desirable. He appeared in 5 films in 1932, all as himself.

73Jack Dempsey looking dapper, probably from another movie set.

74Shortly before his late 1926 fight with Jack Dempsey, light-heavyweight champ Gene Tunney went to Hollywood and filmed an atrocious western called "The Fighting Marine". A few Exhibit cards relating to the film were issued.

75Jim Jeffries was the heavyweight champion until 1904, when he retired undefeated. He came out of retirement in 1910 and lost to Jack Johnson. He then settled in Burbank, California, near the film studios, and ran many businesses including a boxing venue. Jeffries Road in Burbank pays tribute to him. He played a ref in this Monte Blue vehicle.

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771925 Benny Leonard in Flying Fist [sic; Fists]. Leonard made a serial in New York while at the height of his popularity.

78There are numerous boxing-themed Exhibit movie cards--the trick is tracking down the names of the participants. When I saw the nose on this opponent I knew he had to be a real pug. I researched it and discovered that it is HOFer Ted "Kid" Lewis.

79Another movie card featuring Kid Lewis.

801930s Victor McLaglen. Many people do not realize that McLaglen was a professional boxer who fought Jack Johnson in 1909 in a six-round exhibition match in Vancouver. His fight with fellow former pug John Wayne in "The Quiet Man" has quite a bit more grit and realism than most film fights of the era, which remind me of ladies swinging pocket books at each other.

811926 Red Grange in "One Minute To Play". The Galloping Ghost went Hollywood for a dreadful film about a collegiate footballer. There are a few cards known from the film including a nice action shot.

841928 Exhibit Ray Miller, #1 lightweight contender. The only man who KO'd Jimmy McLarnin. Ray is my first cousin twice removed. Exhibit boxing cards from the 1920s generally have biographies, fight records and copyright dates on the backs. The next four show some of the variety available in the 1928 set.

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90This Dempsey card is from a set of world champions issued in 1923 or 1924. For many years it was misattributed to the 1932 World's Fair. I researched the subjects in the cards and it is clear that the set was from the mid 1920s, as many of the athletes were long retired or replaced as champions by 1932.

911923-4 Champions Anders Haugen. Another from this scarce and diverse series. Check out the skis; they look like 2 x 4 lumber!

921923-4 Champions Gene Sarazen. A very desirable early golfing card and 1 of only 2; the other is a 1948 Ben Hogan (Max Schmeling's card with his golf bag doesn't count).

931923-4 Champions Charlie Paddock. Called the fastest man in the world, he was the 100m champion at the 1920 Olympics and finished 2nd at the 1924 Olympics.

94Edward O. Gourdin is a African/Native American (Seminole/Cherokee) and has one of the most remarkable backstories in sports. He is one of the first athletes of color on a sports card outside of boxing. He was a long jumper for Harvard University in the 1920s. After graduating he medaled in the 1924 Olympics, practiced law, was appointed as an Assistant US Attorney, commanded the 372nd (Colored) Infantry in WWII as a colonel, became only the second man of color appointed a full time judge in Massachusetts, and served as president of the United States Olympians Association.

95In addition to being Tarzan in Hollywood, Johnny Weissmuller won 3 gold medals in the 1924 Olympics for swimming. This and a number of other cards in the series led me to the realization that the 1932 date on this set was dead wrong. So many of the athletes achieved fame in the 1924 Olympics and were long-gone to other professions by 1932.

96Strangler Lewis.

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100Anyone have any idea who this guy was? None of the hockey afficionados I checked with could tell me a thing about him, yet he made it into the 1923-4 Exhibit Champions issue.

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105Yakima Canutt from a western issue, ca 1928. This issue is printed on two-sided stock and has different people on each side. Note the coupon at the bottom. kids could obtain premiums for the coupons. Many cards are found with corners lopped off as a result.

106Here are both sides of a westerns doubleheader from the late 1920s.

107Another really innovative 1920s issue, this western card and the next one have 4 portraits on one side and 4 action shots on the reverse. I wish they'd done these with baseball cards.

1081920s 8 image western card. I'd not seen this format of card before acquiring the two depicted here at the National.

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111One of the first cut-apart game sets from ESCO, this copyrighted 1928 issue pictures the same western star four times on each card, presumably to be cut up for some kind of card game. I have seen numbers as high as 28 so I assume there were at least 32 issued.

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116One of the innovative designs for western cards from ESCO. With the start of the Great Depression ESCO began issuing cards that could be cut up for game playing. This 1929 series (dated on front) has instructions to cut out the "chips" for playing. Not a lot of these cards survived as a result.

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118Another of the thoroughly annoying "cut 'em up" issues from ESCO. This one was intended to be made into three ballplayers on stands. Rare card; I've only seen a few.

119This and the next several are more from the cut-up series.

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1301929 Exhibit Tenderfoot Buzz Barton. This is an innovative, attractive, thoroughly maddening set to collect. There are 31 cards that look like this one and a header card with a picture of the "tenderfoot" [actually, an actor in a western; see next image for a film card using the same picture] and the rules. Basically, it was a matching game. 31 paired cards made by cutting apart tbe base cards and one oddball--the Tenderfoot--made by cutting down the header card. The one who gets stuck with the Tenderfoot lost. Needless to say, very few survive intact.

131The original Tenderfoot movie image

1321929 Exhibit Tenderfoot. Another example.

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135Tom Mix from a 1929 set devoted to him. Another innovative ESCO design for western cards.

136Jack Holt from yet another ESCO innovative design, depicting famous Hollywood gunslingers as playing cards. There are also cards depicting a "hand" with multiple images.

137Here is an example of the Western poker hand card. Cards are also known with actors in a "fan".

138ESCO revived the playing card idea in the 1960s. Use of additional graphics was a way for ESCO to recycle older images. The Gary Cooper image shown here dates to roughly the High Noon period.

1391961 Wrigley Field Exhibit Babe Ruth. ESCO was headquartered in Chicago. I am surprised it took 40 years for them to think of a promo with the Cubs.

1401961 Wrigley Field Cobb. The set consists of 24 alltime greats, sometimes found with postcard backs, sometimes with blank backs. They are pretty tough to find given that they were ballpark premiums.

1411961 Wrigley Field Honus Wagner. By 1961 with the rise of TV and decline of amusement arcades, ESCO was in serious trouble. I suppose the baseball promo link was an effort to expand a dying business.

1421961 Wrigley Field Gehrig.

1431961 Wrigley Field Walter Johnson

144Exhibit Salutations Ted Williams #9 shows. Beginning in 1939 ESCO issued a series of cards depicting ballplayers with nice "salutations" on the front (sincerely, best wishes, etc.; I suppose nowadays they's say stuff like "no comment" or "I didn't know it was a steroid"). This Williams is one of the short printed cards and is a set key.

145Salutations DiMaggio. Nominally given a date of 1939-47, in reality some of the Salutations cards were issued for only a year or two, some were issued into the 50s or even 60s. Joe D's card was one that was issued into the early 1950s and is easier to find than most other cards.

146Jimmy Foxx played just long enough to merit inclusion in the set's early versions. Given the relative scarcity of the card, I suspect it ran for 3 or 4 years. One of my favorite poses of the man they called The Beast.

147HOFer Charlie Gehringer is one of the toughest short prints, probably issued no more than a year or two. Given the spillover into the 50s and 60s, I hesitate to call the Salutations a separate set from the 1947-66 grouping. It makes more sense to treat them as series, as in the case of T206's different printings.

148One of the two Hank Greenberg Salutations cards.

149Here is the short print Greenberg

150"King" Carl Hubbell has a nice Salutation card. It falls in the middle of the pack in terms of rarity, again probably issued for a few years.

151HOF shortstop Arky Vaughan is one of the shorter prints in the Salutations cards.

152Print variations over the years created some scarcities over minute differences. This Bill Dickey and the next one have "MADE IN U.S.A." at different bottom corners.

153This Saluations Dickey has the inscription at the lower right.

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1581954 Canadian Exhibit Walter Alston. The 1950s Canada-only Exhibit issues use color and often depict players from the minor league teams in Canada. The Dodgers had a minor league team in Montreal that Alston managed before going to Brooklyn.

159Major league cards were also issued in the early 1950s Canada, using artwork from the postwar sets. The Musial here shows one format similar to the minor league cards.

160Canadian Monte Irvin. Cards 1-32 can be found in green or red and have numbers in a diamond; 33-64 are blue or red and have free-floating numbers.

1611948-52 Canadian "Exhibit" Maurice Richard. "Rocket" Richard, the 1st man to score 50 goals in a season, is the key to the set. There are 2 card of him, one with the stairs in the background, one without. I say "Exhibit" because ESCO did not issue these cards; they were copy cat arcade cards.

1621948-52 Canadian Exhibit Maurice Richard, no stairs variation. I spoke with several Canadian hockey card dealers at the 2005 National who told me that this set is very scarce. I found only three cards for sale there from this set.

1631948-52 Canadian Exhibit Doug Harvey. A HOF defenseman for the Habs and then the Rangers, Harvey was considered the greatest of all until Bobby Orr came along.

164"Boum Boum" Geffrion. I guess that is how they spell it in Quebec?

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167OK, I had to add this one. Julie Newmar, the ONLY Catwoman for me, in a late 50s Exhibit pin-up issue. I was able to secure her autograph on the card. What gams!

168Late 1950s Marilyn Monroe, from a series of cheesecake Hollywood actresses. Schwingg!

169Schwingg!

170Betty Grable in the most famous pin-up shot of WWII. Schwingg!

1711940s-1950s Groucho Marx, from a series of television and radio stars. Some of his best lines: I sent the club a wire stating, PLEASE ACCEPT MY RESIGNATION. I DON'T WANT TO BELONG TO ANY CLUB THAT WILL ACCEPT ME AS A MEMBER; Go, and never darken my towels again; I never forget a face, but in your case I'll be glad to make an exception; I've had a perfectly wonderful evening--but this wasn't it; A man's only as old as the woman he feels; Do you suppose I could buy back my introduction to you?; Here's to our wives and girlfriends...may they never meet!; Marriage is a wonderful institution...but who wants to live in an institution?; Politics is the art of looking for trouble, finding it, misdiagnosing it and then misapplying the wrong remedies.

1721926 Exhibit Four Marks [sic] Brothers. This is the only Marx Brothers exhibit card I have ever seen. It is from a rare set of theatrical cards. The card mentions their stage work but not their films because they had not yet made a film. The Cocoanuts was their new play on Broadway and would not be filmed until after the silent film era ended. Why ESCO did not make more Marx Brothers cards is beyond me; I would love to see cards of them in their big films.

1731926 theatrical issue Willie Howard.

1741926 theatrical issue W.C. Fields.

1751926 theatrical issue Eddie Cantor.

176Lucy and Desi. They don't need last names. This is the most desirable of the Lucy Exhibit cards, though not the toughest Lucy card to find, because it is the only one of them together. I do not know of a solo Desi card.

177The earliest of Lucy's cards, from her ingenue days before she and Desi made history.

178One of Lucy's portrait cards. She is likely the post-war star featured in the largest number of different Exhibit series. The following are some more of her cards.

179More Lucy

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181This one I believe dates to around the time of her pregnancy.

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183Sean Connery, about the time Dr. No was made. There are two Exhibit Connery cards.

184Here is the other known Connery card. I'd say around the time of Thunderball.

185The Bonanza crew, minus Pernell Roberts (Adam Cartwright), who left the show early on and is a short-printed card. From L to R: Dan Blocker (Hoss), Lorne Greene (Ben) and Michael Landon (Joe).

186Here is the short printed Roberts. He played Adam Cartwright from 1959-1965.

187A rare unopened pack of Exhibits from the 1960s. As part of its last gasp ESCO tried to sell cards in packs. They were not successful.

188Another example of the rare packs from the early 1960s, this one with Lee Marvin on the front.

189Buster Keaton in Steamboat Bill, Jr. (1928). Keaton and Chaplin were the two biggest comedic actors in the 20s. This film was parodied in "Steamboat Willie", a cartoon that featured a new character, Mickey Mouse.

190Charlie Chaplin in his most famous role, the tramp, in his most famous silent film, The Goldrush (1925).

191As one of the biggest stars of the silent era, Chaplin was fodder for many Exhibit cards.

192Here is a neat behind-the-scenes image of Chaplin at the directorial helm for one of his mid-1920s films.

193Portraits of Chaplin without his makeup are tougher to find on Exhibits than are his images in character. Based on color and typeface, I'd say this one dates to the 1926-1928 period

194An early Chaplin card, ca 1920.

195The classic Little Tramp portrait of Chaplin, ca 1928

196Another film comedic great, Harold Lloyd. His most famous role found him swinging from a ledge and the hands of a clock 9 stories above downtown Los Angeles.

197Before he became the strong, silent archetypal hero, Gary Cooper starred in a number of silent westerns. This card is the earliest ESCO Cooper card I have found (1927).

201This is the first (and only so far) Laurel and Hardy Exhibit card. it comes from their very popular 1933 film Busy Bodies.

202Gary Cooper from the ca. 1930 PC backed movie set.

203Maurice Chevalier from the ca. 1930 PC backed set. When asked how it felt to turn 80, Chevalier said: "considering the alternative..."

204Tom Mix from the ca. 1930 PC backed set. These cards are really hard to find. I acquired all but two from the same seller, who had picked up an old collection at an estate sale.

205Ted Wells from the ca. 1930 PC backed set.

206Jack Holt from the ca. 1930 PC backed set. His son Tim was a well known character actor whose best role was in "Treasure of the Sierra Madre" opposite Bogart and Walter Huston

207Elmer Goodfellow Brendle had a four-decade career as a character actor in movies and television. The ex vaudevillain used a Swedish accent for comedic effect. I have to admit, I thought he was a Hispanic star given the name on the card.

208Buck Jones from the ca. 1930 PC backed set.

209Here is the same Buck Jones image on a strip card that is about 1/4 the size of the PC backed card. W517 also has a rarer "mini" version that is closer in size to a standard strip card. Interesting how some of the PC backed baseball images show up as W517 and W517 minis and how some of the PC backed entertainers show up as strip minis. Now if only we had an intermediate sized card like W517 for the entertainment cards...

210We do. This William Haines strip card is about 1/3 bigger than the preceding Buck Jones card.

211A while ago I acquired about 20 of these cards in a smaller format. I assumed they were trimmed. Turns out, they were issued differently. The narrower cards were issued singly with tabs at the bottoms. This Lew Ayres card shows the tab version on the left and the strip version on the right. As you can see, the strip version is wider.

214A 4 on 1 PC backed entertainment card. Appears to be the same issuer as a set of strip cards as well as the PC backed baseball and boxing sets.

215Tom Mix from the PC-backed issue. The back of the card is identical right down to the printing flaws with what is found on some of the PC back baseball cards as well as the Blue Boxers.

216Another PC backed Mix, this time in green

217Here is one of the strip cards from the same images as the 4 on 1 just shown. Tom Mix boxing. It is about 1/4 the size of the 4 on 1. The cards came in vertically-oriented strips of 10.

2181922 Eric Von Stroheim. In 1921 and 1922 ESCO issued movie cards with the same format as their baseball cards from those years. While "von" was used to designate German aristocracy, in reality von Stroheim was an Austrian Jew.

2191922 Gloria Swanson. Couldn't resist adding her in beside Von Stroheim given their "Sunset Boulevard" connection. "I'm ready for my close-up Mr. DeMille!" The top stars of the era made $10,000 a week before the income tax existed.

220Rudolph Valentino. A mega star in early Hollywood, Valentino had a number of ESCO cards. The Hollywood PCL baseball team was named the Sheiks in honor of his most famous role. He died on August 23, 1926. This card shows him in his next to last role as Count Rodrigo Torriani in the 1925 film "Cobra" (not to be confused with the Sylvester Stallone film of the same name; oh, if only Sly had been silent in that one...).

2211920 Sessue Hayakawa. What a life this guy lived. He became the 1st Asian cinema star in the US with a scorching performance as the owner of a white sex slave in a lurid silent film (his branding her is the highlight), lost his career more or less and went overseas due to sound, and came back to be nominated for an Oscar for best supporting actor in 1957 as Col. Saito in Bridge On The River Kwai.

2221920 Fatty Arbuckle. In addition to being a movie star, Fatty owned a piece of the Vernon team in the PCL. Probably issued ca. 1920; his career was destroyed in 1921 by a sex scandal.

2231929 Our Gang card. The Hal Roach Studios children (if you were born after WWII, you know them from TV as the Little Rascals) had a nice series of tri-image cards from 1920. One of the tougher cinema issues.

224Horror ace Boris Karloff. His Exhibit cards are tough to find and sell for around $50 when they surface, which is rarely.

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226ESCO attempted to capitalize on the Mercury program's popularity with a series of cards of the astronauts, their equipment and some NASA conceptual drawings. Here is Alan Shepard, the first American to go up there.

227Noted aviator and anti-Semite Charles Lindbergh was the subject of a card issue of his own after his solo flight across the Atlantic.

228Exhibit cards are great vehicles for autographs by virtue of their large size. Here is Billy Conn, former lightheavyweight champion.

229Willie Pep autographed this late 1940s issue. Unfortunately, since the last Exhibit set originated in the early 60s, there are relatively few living boxers on the cards available to chase for autographs. Muhammad Ali, Carmen Basilio, Jake LaMotta and Gene Fullmer are the only ones still alive who come readily to mind, but there were many who lived while Exhibits were made and who signed them, so they can be found on the secondary market.

230Talk about rare! Tony Canzoneri, who died in 1959, signed this Blue Boxers card.

231Beau Jack was a title holder in the 1940s. He came up from the deep South the hard way, fighting Battle Royales where several young black fighters would be put into the ring together and the last one standing won. In later life he went back to shining shoes in Miami to make a living, where he was discovered and then became a fixture on the autograph circuit before he died.

232Floyd Patterson signed inscribed Exhibit card. One of the nicest ex-champs ever, Patterson was a very accommodating signer.

233Another Patterson.

234I got Hammerin' Hank at a show and saved the ticket.

235Luke Appling was one of my favorite autograph guests ever. A very gregarious man, when I handed him this card he told about what a misery those uniforms were. Seems they were made of black wool and would absorb and hold a ton of sweat, making for truly miserable double-headers.

236I got this Lou Boudreau at a show in the early 1990s when he was the "door buster" free autograph.

237Table of Comparisons, Jack Dempsey and Gene Tunney. ESCO issued a small series of these cards comparing heavyweight rivals Dempsey, Tunney, and Wills. Not that hard to find but very desireable cards. One or the other of the vital stats is incorrect; Dempsey was born in 1895, Tunney in 1897. If I had to bet, I would guess that Tunney's age was incorrectly stated at the time the art was created; in 1925 he would have been 28 and Dempsey would have been 30.

238Primo Carnera. In the late 20s and early 30s ESCO issued a series of cards depicting the main heavyweight contenders of the day in a variety of images. Oddball images like this one or the Schmeling with golf gear are prized. "Satchel Feet" was one of the worst fighters to become champion and was demolished by Max Baer in a title defense, being knocked down 11 times until finally KOd.

239Carnera from the heavyweights series with the corner clipped, indicating a backside coupon was removed. He later wrestled professionally and owned a liquor store in Glendale, California. His mobbed-up career was source material for the 1956 film "The Harder They Fall".

240Max Schmeling with golf bag. Schmeling recently passed away, the last of the heavyweight champions of the 1930s to die. A controversial personality because of his German nationality in the 1930s (while not a Nazi supporter, he found it convenient to let them use him for propaganda), Max was a robust man into his 90s. Consequently, Schmeling autographs are pretty easy to find.

241Harry Wills was signed to fight Dempsey for the heavyweight title in 1924. The racist outcry over letting a black man have a shot at the crown led Jack Kearns (Dempsey's manager) to call off the fight. Dempsey lost his New York boxing license as a result. Wills' cards in the heavyweight series are the hardest to find. I suspect he was removed from the issue relatively quickly. The typeface used on the card is similar to that of the 1926 baseball issue.

242An uncut sheet of Exhibit cards ca. 1960 or 1961 at the earliest (Rocky Colavito is shown with Detroit, where he went after the 1959 season in a trade for Harvey Kueen). Next to Rocky is Ted Williams' Salutations card that supposedly was printed from 1939-47. As I said earlier, it is misleading to consider the postwar ESCO issues as distinct sets; the Salutations can cross over into the later cards.

2431921 Exhibit John L. Sullivan. The Great John L was the first great American world heavyweight champion. He would often enter a saloon and proclaim that he could lick any SOB in the place, and make good on the promise. A notorious partier in his youth, the old Sullivan became a crusader for temperance. Why ESCO chose to show him as an old, fat man is beyond me.

2441921 Exhibit Jim Corbett. Gentleman Jim was the first winner of a gloved championship, defeating John L. Sullivan for the title. The 1921 set is the only "historical" set ESCO issued of boxers. From its boxing cards it is possible to find every heavyweight champ from Sullivan to Dempsey.

2451921 Bob Fitzsimmons. Ruby Robert defeated Corbett and held the middleweight and heavyweight championships at the same time.

2461921 Exhibit Jim Jeffries. Jeffries defeated Fitszimmons and held the title until he retired in 1904. His July 4, 1910 comeback defeat at the hands of Jack Johnson touched off widespread race riots.

2471921 Exhibit Jack Johnson. The first black heavyweight champion, his thrashing defeat of Jim Jeffries gave rise to the term "great white hope"

2481921 Jess Willard. The mountainous Kansan who defeated Jack Johnson and was in turn demolished in three rounds by Jack Dempsey, who broke Willard's jaw, knocked out a bunch of his teeth and generally beat the hell out of the much bigger man.

2491921 Exhibit Jack Dempsey. The then-reigning heavyweight champ, this card may be predated by the film card shown above.

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2511921 Exhibit Benny Leonard. Considered one of the greatest lightweights of all time, he held the title for seven years. Leonard was a product of the Lower East Side of New York and changed his name from Leiner so that his mother would not find out he was fighting.

2551925 Exhibit Jack Dempsey, horizontal pose. There are four known poses in the 1925 Exhibit set for Dempsey.

2561925 Exhibit Dempsey seated pose. The image is from a theatrical still (note the greasepaint make-up) and can be found in blank-backed format as part of a movie set as well as with the record back and 1925 copyright.

2571925 PC backed Dempsey. The issuer of the PC backed baseball set issued a series of boxing cards in 1925 with 1924 records on their backs. The series was revised and reissued with recordless backs in 1926 through the late 20s in multiple colors. Collectively, the group is called the "Blue Boxers" after one of the most distinct card colors.

2582nd Blue Boxer type Dempsey. Two boxers have two cards in the set: Dempsey and Tunney. The 2nd cards reflect Tunney's late 1926 victory over Dempsey. As a consequence of the manner in which the Blue Boxers were issued, there are considerable short prints.

2591925 PC back Dempsey without record back. This pose is found with the record back and with the PC only back. Given the new pose with the ex champ notation on the front, it appears that the Blue Boxers were issued in 1925 in the original record back format with 1924 record, reissued in 1926 with the PC backs, and modified thereafter with at least two new poses.

261Blue Boxers Jack Britton. The next several images show some of the colors of Blue Boxers from the ca. 1926 and later printings of the set.

262Orange stock Joe Burman Blue Boxer

263Blue Boxers Jack Britton

264Blue Boxers Carl Tremaine. As you can see, some colors worked better with some images than others.

265Red stock Johnny Dundee Blue Boxer

266Blue Boxers Jess Willard

267Blue Boxers Luis Firpo

268Pink stock Dave Shade Blue Boxer

269Grey stock with blue ink Eddie Fitzsimmon. This card and the next two depict the most difficult color combos to find. I suspect that they were printed first among the colored issue and quickly replaced

270Blue Boxers Tommy Loughran sepia. One of the toughest colors to acquire.

271Blue Boxers Leo Lomski light blue tone. Another very tough color.

272Yellow stock Lew Tendler Blue Boxer. I had considered trying a master set, but the numbers are potentially into the hundreds of cards. Here are several Lew Tendler cards.

273Black and white Lew Tendler with record on back

274Lew Tendler.

275Blue Boxers Lew Tendler

276Blue Boxers Archie Bell. Here is a nice run of the blue tinted cards.

277Blue Boxers Tony Canzoneri

278Blue Boxers Eugene Criqui

279Blue Boxers Jimmy Delaney

280Blue Boxers Tom Heeney

281Blue Boxers Sammy Mandell

282Blue Boxers Dave Rosenberg

283Blue Boxers Jack Sharkey

284Blue Boxers Bud Taylor

285Blue Boxers Paolino Uzcudun

286Blue Boxers Charlie White

2871925 record backed Abe Attell Goldstein. The next few images depict some of the short prints in the set.

2881925 Sailor Friedman

2891925 Nate Goldman

2901925 Rocky Kansas

2911928 Exhibit Louis Kid Kaplan. The 1928 set is the largest of the sets, with over 140 known subjects. Nicknamed the Meriden Buzzsaw, Kaplan was a Russian-Jewish immigrant. He retired when he had trouble making weight, after turning down an offer to rig a fight for big money. As he moved up in weight class, he was denied a title shot out of fear of his ability.

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2951928 Exhibit Ruby Goldstein. Goldstein, a Benny Leonard protege, was a tremendous fighter who had a glass chin, and was later a well known referee. He was officiating when Benny "Kid" Paret was beaten to death by Emile Griffith on national tv in a 1962 fight. Paret had called Griffith a homosexual [actually, he used an extremely denigrating Spanish slang term] because Griffith was a florist who hung out in gay bars. Ironically, and sadly, Griffith was very badly beaten in New York a few years ago while coming out of a gay bar. The story of the fight and its impact on the fighters and their families was the subject of a recent documentary film.

296Kid Chocolate, real name Eligio Sardinas, was a top fighter out of Cuba. This card, from the 1928 set, is very popular and rather hard to find.

2971948 Exhibit Champions Jack Dempsey. Along with Joe Louis, Dempsey is one of 2 boxers in this popular multi-sport set.

2981948 Champions Bobby Riggs. Two decades before he became the poster-boy for male chauvanism, Bobby Riggs was a champion tennis player. He was also a heavy gambler and raconteur, which is how the whole Billie Jean King match came into being.

2991940s-50s Jake LaMotta. The Salutations format was used by ESCO in a number of different personality sets. LaMotta's story is well known from the movie "Raging Bull" and he is a popular autograph guest.

3001950s Exhibit Rocky Marciano. The Rock is the only undefeated heavyweight champ, retiring in early 1956 with a perfect record. A friend of his, fighter Sammy Luftspring, claims that Rocky (a notorious cheapskate) retired in part because he was incensed over being cheated by their co-manager.

301This Bill Terry card is from a large-format strip set called W517 and commonly dated as a 1931 issue. I put it here because this set uses many of the same images as are used in the PC-backed exhibit set, without the circular card number. This raises the intriguing possibility that the same company made the PC set, W517, the ca. 1930 entertainment cards shown above and at least two strip sets that appear to be directly derived from the entertainment cards.

302Here is the original art for the Terry card. Photograph and ink on board. The small circular stain in the dirt appears to be where the #23 sticker appears in the finished card. It appears that the sticker fell off over time. Although this item was sold to me as a PC backed Exhibit image, it is clearly a W517. Sometimes the obvious smacks you in the face and you still miss it. The legend on the PC Back Exhibits and the W517 is handwritten by the same person.

303ca. 1929 Fancy Script Bennie Bass. The Fancy Script issue is a small set named for its ornate legend. The cards are PC backed and dated based on the known subjects.

304Fancy Script Bennie Bass color variation. Black and White is the most encountered color but there are some colored variations as well.

305Fancy Script Primo Carnera. One of the earliest Carnera cards.

306Fancy Script Max Schmeling. One of the earliest Schmeling cards, but not the earliest. Schmeling has a card in the 1928 Exhibit set and the 1927 York Caramel (E211) set.

307Fancy Script Al Singer, red tone. Dig those groovy trunks, man!

308fancy Script Mickey Walker sepia tone. First one of these I've seen in a sepia tone. Came from a new to the hobby find of PC backed exhibits which included multiple sepia and light blue cards.

309Dempsey v. Tunney II. In order to capitalize on the popularity of the Dempsey v. Tunney fights, ESCO issued a set devoted to the 2nd battle, the Long Count fight that took place in Chicago in 1927.

310The Long Count resulted from a rule change that Dempsey caused. Under old rules a fighter could hover over a downed opponent and hammer him the moment he stood up. Dempsey was notorious for this. As a result, the rules were changed to require a fighter to go to neutral corner in the event of a knock down.

311Dempsey downed Tunney and forgot the rule, resulting in the ref not starting the ten count until Dempsey went to the neutral corner.

312Tunney received at least 14 seconds to recover from the knockdown.

313He got back up and resumed fighting. It is unclear whether he was hurt enough by the knockdown to have needed the extra time, but it certainly helped him.

314Tunney, whose slashing, scientific style was tailored specifically to defeat Dempsey, resumed the fight and beat Dempsey for a second time to retain the title.

315The Rat Pack had some nice Exhibit cards. Here is Sammy Davis Jr.

316How did all these people get in my room? Dino's Exhibit card.

317The Chairman of the Board had at least three Exhibit cards that I know of.

318The great Louis Prima. When Sinatra and the rest of the boys finished at the Sands they would head for Prima's show. Easily the coolest show in Las Vegas history.

319Keely Smith, Louis Prima's wife and lead singer.

320Harry Belafonte. Day-O!

321The greatest voice in the history of Jazz, Ella Fitzgerald.

322ESCO issued a number of series of cards devoted to pop stars in the 1960s in conjunction with Billboard, which provided the write-ups for the card backs. Here are the Animals.

323The Beach Boys

324The Fab Four.

325The Prefab Four

326The Rolling Stones in their mop-head stage.

327Chuck Connors played baseball for the Brooklyn Dodgers, basketball for the Boston Celtics, but was best known as Lucas McCain, "The Rifleman". He was a big, rangy 6'7" and a very fun autograph guest at card shows.

328Connors as The Rifleman. This card is from a series of western cards made by Nu-Card in the early 1960s. They were sold in packs and are frequently mistaken for Exhibit cards because they are the same size and in a similar format.

329Connors and Johnny Crawford, the boy who played his son on the Rifleman.

330I could not believe this 1930s wrestling card when I saw it. While nationalities and home towns were frequent designations on card fronts, I have never seen a religious designation on a card front except on this card.

3311930s Jim Londos. Wrestling as both legitimate sport and scripted spectacle was a popular subject of ESCO sport issues from their inception to the end. This card of legitimate wrestler Jim Londos comes from a very tough 1930s issue, rarely seen, that surfaced on ebay in July 2005 from an old family collection, along with some boxers from the same era.

3321930s Bronko Nagurski. From a wrestling issue, he is best known as a HOF football player. Also had a couple of football cards in the 1930s and wrestling cards in the 1950s from Parkhurst.

333Larry "Buster" Crabbe won Olympic gold in the 1932 Los Angeles games and went on to star in various westerns and B serials, notably the Flash Gordon and Buck Rogers series.

334Here is a tough pose of heavyweight Buddy Baer. I had not ever seen this pose before July 2005 when I picked it up at the National. Ironically, a week later one more surfaced on ebay from an old family collection being broken by heirs. I've seen it a handful of additional times.

335This Andy Martin is from a 1928 style subgroup of blue print cards with blank backs. I'd seen one or two before a nice group surfaced on Ebay. Some new additions to the checklist for 1928, some already known.

336The first few years of baseball 4 on 1 issues were multi-colored. The next few cards are examples of the range of colors used.

337Red with black print wasn't a really good choice.

338I like the orange ones. Tough color to find.

339This yellow card is printed on two-sided color stock. Very unusual for a baseball exhibit, which is why I bought it.

340Bogart, from the 1940s. This is the scarcer of the two Bogart salutations exhibits.

341Paul Henried. One enjoyable and challenging way to collect Exhibit entertainment cards is to try and assemble "teams" of casts of famous films. We have Bogie, Henreid and Rains next. Anyone want to guess what film?

342Rick: How can you close me up? On what grounds?Captain Renault: I'm shocked, shocked to find that gambling is going on in here![a croupier hands Renault a pile of money]Croupier: Your winnings, sir.Captain Renault: [sotto voce] Oh, thank you very much.[aloud]Captain Renault: Everybody out at once!

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3441926-29 PC Back Lefty Grove. Considered to be one of Grove's rookie cards, though not his first card (he had a minor league card).

348This is not an Exhibit card. It is an arcade card from a rival issuer. There are several known cards of this format, all movie star cards from the era. They are very hard to find. A few have turned up in recent years in large, new to the hobby, groups of cards offered for sale. I will post a few more examples.

349Haven't quite pinned down the ID on this buckaroo, but it is from the same issue as the Ruth/Snookums card.

350Buzzy Barton (the kid) and two other hombres from the non-Exhibit issue.

351Hoot Gibson from the Ruth-Snookums issue.

352Fatty Arbuckle virtual Exhibit card. Since certain people never got to be on Exhibit cards, I used a photograph editing program to make a few "what if" cards. Arbuckle's image comes from his famous and very rare Zeenut.

353Joe Choynski virtual Exhibit card. Chrysanthemum Joe was not part of the 1921 Exhibit set and I think he deserves a card.

354Benny Kauff virtual Exhibit card. Known as the "Ty Cobb of the Federal League", Kauff led the league in hitting both years it operated. He was later banned from baseball by Judge Landis for organized crime ties through his brother.

355Mickey Cohen virtual Exhibit card. Prior to beginning his "career" as head of organized crime in Los Angeles, Mickey Cohen was a middling quality professional boxer, fighting as a bantamweight and featherweight. He doesn't have an Exhibit card. His record was 60 wins, 25 defeats, 6 draws and 11 no decisions. He fought two world champions, getting knocked out each time.

356Buck Weaver virtual Exhibit card. Unlucky Buck was the only Black Sox player unjustly kicked out of baseball. Unlike the others, he never agreed to throw a game, never took money, and had a stellar series. Landis decided to ban him for sitting in on the meetings where the fix was discussed and not reporting it to his team.

357Bill Bojangles Robinson. Tough card to find.

358Autographed 1977 Exhibit Hank Greenberg. The reconstituted company made an extensive series of reprints and new prints using the Baseball's Great Hall of Fame theme in 1977.

3591925 Exhibit sideshow series card of Zip the pinhead. Very tough series with some truly disturbing sideshow acts in it.

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367Real name Elly Annie Schneider, she was one of 4 tiny performers who billed themselves as the Earles and as the Dolls. She had roles in "Freaks" and "The Wizard of Oz" as a munchkin.

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3731960s Cassius Clay, first printing (green) variety

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3961954 Canadian Exhibit Walter Alston. The 1953-1954 Canada-only Exhibit issues use color and depict players from the minor league AAA Montreal Dodgers farm team in Canada including HOFers Walter Alston and Tommy Lasorda.

397Major league cards were also issued in the 1953 Canada set, using artwork from the postwar sets. The Musial here shows one format similar to the minor league cards.

398Cards 1-32 can be found in green or red and have numbers in a diamond; 33-64 are blue or red and have free-floating numbers.

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4221927 Rixey with stamped back coupon

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434This is Tommy Yarosz, not Sammy Angott. The error was caught and corrected early in the print run, making this one of the rarest boxing exhibit cards.

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436Ted Sandwina's real name was Theodore Brumbach. He was the son of Katie Brumbach, a circus strongwoman who took the stage name Sandwina in honor of defeating strongman Eugene Sandow in a weightlifting contest in which she lifted a weight of 300 pounds over her head, which Sandow only managed to lift to his chest. Ted was strong but not skilled enough to become heavyweight champ.

437Two cards of football great Red Grange in his Hollywood days

438Another Grange. Tough as the others are this is the rarest of them all--a handfull of known examples.

4391925 Jeff Smith; 2013 IBHOF inductee

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442In retrospect, the company's decision to make Mussolini the subject of a 16-card set was not a good idea...

443Needless to say, the cards are quite difficult to find today. I assume that the vast majority were destroyed during WWII.

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458A very tough 4 on 1 Exhibit card from the 1920s with the Our Gang Little Rascals and Rin Tin Tin. How perfect is that?