From dbucher at scu.edu.au Sun May 5 20:44:25 1996
From: dbucher at scu.edu.au (Daniel Bucher)
Date: Mon, 6 May 1996 10:44:25 +1000
Subject: Open Reply to P Collinson (nubbin growth)
Message-ID:
Peter,
A friend forwarded your request for information on coral nubbin
growth studies to me. You may remember me from the ISRS conference in
Townsville. I was just starting up my experiments then as part of the
ENCORE program. I now have some results of growth (by weight, linear
extension and volume) of Acropora longicyathus and A. aspera nubbins
exposed to two levels of N, P and NP pollution over two years at One Tree
Island. I have also attempted some measurements of Porites porites whilst
on Barbados last year (damned parrot fish thwarted much of that!!). Ove
Hoegh-Guldberg at Sydney Uni. has been following
growth of Pocillopora damicornis and Andy Steven at the Great Barrier Reef
Marine Park Authority has
data for Acropora palifera from the same experimental design. Contact me
if you would like to discuss my results. I have not published yet as the
experiment is only just concluding. So far my results support
recently-published work from Hawaii that nutrients ALONE may not depress
coral growth (indeed they may even enhance it in some circumstances).
However, far from being benign (or even beneficial) nutrients do have
deleterious effects on other processes important to reef survival and
recovery. Selina Ward's work on the same colonies as mine has demonstrated
effects on most stages of the sexual reproductive cycle. My own work has
hinted at some other processes that might be affected (but it needs a lot
more work to confirm it).
Danny
P.S. can someone tell me how to subscribe to this list? It sounds like
there's some useful discussion going on there.
----------------------------------------------------------------
*
* *
+
DANIEL BUCHER *
Associate Lecturer in Biology/Ecology
Centre for Coastal Management
SOUTHERN CROSS UNIVERSITY
P.O. Box 157, Lismore, N.S.W. Australia, 2480
Phone: +61+66 203665 Fax: +61+66 212669
E-mail: dbucher at scu.edu.au
-----------------------------------------------------------------
From coral at aoml.noaa.gov Mon May 6 08:10:12 1996
From: coral at aoml.noaa.gov (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Mon, 6 May 1996 08:10:12 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Indonesia marine survey
Message-ID:
This message forwarded from the marine biology list-server:
Date: Sun, 5 May 1996 16:30:45 GMT
From: Mike Bunyan
Subject: Indonesia marine survey
Coral Cay Conservation are sending the research team to the
Banngai Island (C. Sulawesi) at the end of September.
Volunteers can sign on from minimum 4 weeks up to 12 weeks.
The work will be marine and terestial ecology surveys.
This is going to be a tough expedition so only the brave
need apply.
Peter Raines will be giving a pre-expedition presentation at
CCC London on Saturday 15 June at 2.00pm. If people are
interested in joining this expedition, they had better
attend - first come, first serve principle rules! or get in
touch quick through Pete Raines at
ccc at coralcay.demon.co.uk
for more info.
phone +44 (0) 171 498 6248
fax +44 (0) 171 498 8447
write 154, Clapham Park Road, London, SW4 7DE
www.demon.co.uk/coralcay/home.html
From coral at aoml.noaa.gov Mon May 6 08:09:48 1996
From: coral at aoml.noaa.gov (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Mon, 6 May 1996 08:09:48 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Maui algae bloom and effects online (fwd)
Message-ID:
Forwarded message:
---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Sun, 5 May 1996 16:49:22 -0400
From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett
To: owner-coral-list at reef.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Maui algae bloom and effects online
My husband and I have been diving the same site off Honokowai, West Maui for
many years. It was an excellent snorkelling/dive spot until a Cladophora
algae bloom smothered many of the area's corals in 1989.
Since then the area has been plagued with either more Cladophora or Hypnea
musciformis or a combination of both. We have attempted to document the
degradation of this ocean environment with particular attention to a bloom's
effects on corals.
We are both laypeople whose primary interest is turtles. 75% of the animals
we see regularly have a disease called fibropapillomas. However, for coral
types, the essay also records the fate of a large stand of P. eydouxi from
1988 to its ultimate crumbling in 1994.
Algae-essay is 373K and has many online graphics of the bloom and other
environmental insults. May your reefs never get like THIS!
Address is:
http://www.io.org/~bunrab/honohist.htm
Best and take care
^ Ursula Keuper-Bennett
0 0 Mississauga, Ontario
/V^\ | | /^V\ Email: howzit at io.org
/V Turtle Trax V\
/V soon 1 yr old V\ http://www.io.org/~bunrab
From slcoles at bishop.bishop.hawaii.org Tue May 7 18:05:21 1996
From: slcoles at bishop.bishop.hawaii.org (Steve Coles)
Date: Tue, 7 May 1996 12:05:21 -1000 (HST)
Subject: Oman Coral Book
Message-ID:
I have recently published a field guide to the corals of Oman, which also
contains information on the marine environment and sources of stress to
corals in this relatively little known region. For those interested,
information on the book, a few of its color plates and how to obtain the
book can be found at http://www.wco.com/~aecos/coles.html.
Steve Coles
Bishop Museum
From coral at aoml.noaa.gov Fri May 10 15:11:52 1996
From: coral at aoml.noaa.gov (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Fri, 10 May 1996 15:11:52 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Proposed NOAA effort
Message-ID:
The following document, which will show up better at URL
=09http://www.noaa.gov/public-affairs/florida.html
later today, represents the most recent proposed NOAA effort to sustain,
monitor and enhance valuable ecosystems, including coral reef assemblages,
in the Florida Bay/Florida Straits area in South Florida. Your opinions
on this effort would probably be of great benefit to policy makers who are
charged with reviewing this plan.
=09Sincerely yours,
=09Jim Hendee
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| |
| Coral Health and Monitoring Program |
| Ocean Chemistry Division |
| Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratory |
| National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
| Miami, Florida |
| USA |
| |
| Email: coral at coral.aoml.noaa.gov |
| World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov |
| |
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
NOAA ESSENTIAL TO RESTORING SOUTH FLORIDA'S ECOSYSTEM
FY 1997 ($ 6 M)
THE HEALTH OF FLORIDA BAY AND THE FLORIDA KEYS IS DIRECTLY LINKED TO THE
HEALTH OF THE EVERGLADES. Before 1900, freshwater flowed from the
Kissimmee Lakes through the Everglades and into Florida Bay and coastal
waters, where it mixed with seawater and moved onto the Florida Keys coral
reefs. This created some of the world's most productive and diverse
coastal habitats. From the Everglades grasslands to Florida Bay seagrass
beds and Florida Keys coral reefs, the areas are an ecosystem linked
together by the flow of freshwater.
WATER FLOW IN SOUTH FLORIDA HAS BEEN DRAMATICALLY CHANGED AND THE
ECOSYSTEM IS DETERIORATING. Over the past 50 years, canals, dikes and
development for agriculture and a growing population changed the
direction, quantity and quality of freshwater flow. These changes
threaten South Florida's productive inland and coastal habitats, and the
economies and people who depend on them.
Like the Everglades grasslands, South Florida's coastal habitats are in
jeopardy. Coastal waters have changed: increased salinity, increased
nutrient concentrations, increased pesticide concentrations, decreased
clarity, and changes in water flow. These changes are contributing to
ecological deterioration including:
=95=09Dieoffs of seagrasses,
=95=09Declining fish and shrimp populations,
=95=09Increasing blooms of atypical phytoplankton and algae,
=95=09Dieoffs of sponges, critical habitat for spiny lobsters (most valuabl=
e
fishery in Florida),
=95=09Dieoffs of mangroves, and
=95=09Deterioration of Florida Keys coral reefs, the third largest barrier
reef in the world.
Large areas of seagrasses in Florida Bay have been dying since the summer
of 1987. Seagrass habitats are essential nursery areas for many
commercial and recreational fisheries species. The loss of seagrasses has
contributed to declines in seagrass-dependent species such as pink shrimp,
with significant economic impacts on South Florida's commercial and
recreational fisheries.
NOAA IS ESSENTIAL TO THE RESTORATION EFFORT IN FY 1997. The South Florida
Ecosystem Restoration is an integrated effort among federal, tribal, state
and non-governmental partners to halt continued degradation of the South
Florida's ecosystem and restore the ecosystem's valuable functions and
services from the Kissimmee Lakes through the Everglades, into Florida Bay
and the Florida Keys.
The restoration effort is depending on NOAA in FY 1997 for research,
monitoring, assessments and coastal management. NOAA's effort is (1) the
only portion entirely devoted to restoring coastal components of the South
Florida ecosystem, and (2) designed to evaluate the effects of "upstream"
restoration actions on coastal resources. NOAA requires $ 6 million new
funds in FY 1997 to fulfill these commitments necessary for successful
restoration of land and coastal parts of the ecosystem. This is a
practical, relatively small investment in comparison to the large amount
of federal, state and local dollars that will be spent to restore
"upstream" portions of South Florida's ecosystem.
NOAA HAS IMPORTANT RESPONSIBILITIES IN SOUTH FLORIDA. NOAA is responsible
for management of coastal resources in South Florida including fisheries,
protected species and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. NOAA's
unique science, management, remote-sensing and on-site capabilities
provide information on coastal, ocean and atmospheric conditions critical
to the entire restoration effort.
NOAA will contribute the information and tools essential to successful
restoration of inland and coastal areas by focusing on four areas of
critical need:
1.=09ESTABLISH INTEGRATED COASTAL MONITORING IN FLORIDA BAY
AND THE FLORIDA KEYS NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY
(National Ocean Service $ 1.7 M)
Goal: Establish a long-term integrated ecosystem monitoring program and
information base on Florida Bay and Florida Keys to enable managers and
scientists to assess ecosystem conditions and the effectiveness of
management actions.
Description: This initiative will develop and implement the first
integrated ecosystem monitoring program for South Florida's coastal and
marine areas. The project is designed to inventory, integrate and build
on the existing, uncoordinated coastal monitoring efforts. Initial
efforts with the State of Florida have already inventoried, placed in a
geographically-referenced computer information system and made Internet
accessible more than 250 existing coastal monitoring programs.
2. RESTORE SOUTH FLORIDA'S LIVING MARINE RESOURCES (National Marine
Fisheries Service $ 1.7 M)
Goal: Restore and sustainably manage South Florida's fisheries, sea
turtles, marine mammals and their habitats and other coastal resources
utilizing the best possible research, monitoring and management tools.
Description: Florida Bay seagrasses, delta, mangroves, keys and the coral
reef communities are critical habitats for commercial and recreational
fisheries, sea turtles, marine mammals, and other living marine resources.
All of these habitats are showing signs of stress and experiencing
dieoffs. While some of the stresses affecting these critical habitats are
known (e.g., fishing, nutrient increases), others are not well understood.
The ability to recover from these stresses, and the effects of current
restoration efforts directed at the Everglades need to be determined. This
initiative will provide research, management and education urgently needed
to halt the loss and restore these habitats. It will provide information
to evaluate the effects of current restoration efforts, and provide
sustainable solutions for the species that depend on coastal habitats.
Activities include:
=95=09Collect information on the effects of changes in South Florida on s=
ea
turtles and marine mammals to develop adequate multi-species management
plans.
=95=09Use information from monitoring programs to assess the status, tren=
ds
and management needs of fisheries and other living resources of the
Florida Key's coral reef system.
=95=09Use information on resource status and trends in models to predict
outcomes and implement restoration and management of critical fisheries
habitats (e.g., reef areas and Florida Bay seagrasses).
3.=09DETERMINE CAUSES OF DECLINES AND EFFECTS OF RESTORATION
ON COASTAL RESOURCES
(Coastal Ocean Program $ 1.7 M)
Goal: Provide information and models to predict possible outcomes and best
solutions for restoration efforts in South Florida. The goal is to better
predict how restoration will proceed and what actions will reverse the
decline in coastal resources and allow sustainable use in the future.
Description: The initiative will support research and modeling by NOAA
and its academic partners on the natural and human components of South
Florida's ecosystem. Much of this information and predictive capability
is currently not available. The information and predictions will be used
to evaluate the effects of the restoration and human demands on the
coastal communities, resources and economies that depend on them.
Using social, economic and ecological information, models will be
developed to predict ecosystem (including human) responses to various
human impacts and natural changes including:
=95=09Characterize human and natural stresses and responses in Florida Ba=
y
and the Florida Keys.
=95=09Develop an ecosystem model to predict impacts and guide management =
of
coastal resources and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.
4.=09RESTORING SOUTH FLORIDA'S CORAL REEFS
(NOS, NMFS, COP $ 1.0 M)
Goal: Portions of the Florida Key's coral reef system are deteriorating.
Fishing, pollution and other human impacts have impacted portions of the
reef, but many of the causes of reef degradation are unknown and there is
little capacity to monitor reef status. This initiative will focus on
restoring and sustainably using South Florida=92s fragile coral reefs.
Description: To adequately fulfill its restoration and management
responsibilities for this special reef tract, NOAA must increase its
efforts to monitor coral resources, manage human uses and determine the
effectiveness of these efforts. Using remote-sensing technology and
volunteer assistants for on- site monitoring, this initiative will:
=95=09Build on existing, but limited coral reef monitoring efforts to
complete the system required to provide long-term information on the
health of the reef system.
=95=09Translate and provide this information to coastal managers.
=95=09Build public understanding, participation and local support for
sustainable use of the coral reef tract.
=95=09Establish a cooperative training and research program to exchange
information and build capacity for effective coral reef management at
local levels.
SOUTH FLORIDA'S ECONOMY DEPENDS ON HEALTHY COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS: Large
portions of South Florida's economy are dependent on healthy coastal
habitats like Florida Bay and the Florida Keys. Deterioration of South
Florida's coastal resources will significantly impact these industries,
the people that depend on them, and the people who come to use them from
all over the United States.
Healthy coral reefs, a healthy Florida Bay and clean coastal waters are
the foundation of a healthy economy. More than 3 million tourists/year
from all over the U.S. spent an estimated $1.3 billion in 1991. Florida's
coral reefs are the #1 diving destination in the world, attracting more
than 1.2 million divers per year. Divers bring over $ 220 millon/year
into the economy. The asset value of water related recreation in the Keys
is estimated at $ 22 billion.
Commercial fishing is an important part of South Florida's economy. In
good seasons, for example, pink shrimp catches produced over $ 120
million/year. Spiny lobster catches produced $ 24 million/year.
Recreational fishing produces more than 23,500 jobs. The economic value
of Florida Bay fishing trips exceeds $ 9.0 million per year.
BENEFITS OF INVESTING IN NOAA'S STRENGTHS: NOAA brings a unique suite of
science and management capabilities to the South Florida ecosystem
restoration effort through its expertise in coastal and atmospheric
research, predictive modeling and resource management. Successful
restoration and sustainable stewardship of South Florida's valuable
coastal resources will not be possible without application of NOAA's full
capabilities.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
David Jansen, Office of Legislative Affairs=09=09(202-482-4981)
Matthew Stout, Office of Public and Constituent Affairs=09(202-482-6090)
From tsocci at usgcrp.gov Wed May 15 16:17:11 1996
From: tsocci at usgcrp.gov (Tony Socci)
Date: Wed, 15 May 1996 16:17:11 -0400
Subject: US Global Change Seminar on the Earth's Temperature Records and Trends May 20th
and 21st
Message-ID:
U.S. Global Change Research Program Second Monday Seminar Series
A Close Look at Global Satellite and Surface Temperature Records and Tre=
nds
(Parts I and II)
How is the Earth's temperature measured? What are the historical trends in
the Earth's temperature as observed from surface measurements and from
satellites? Are these records different? What are the reasons for the
differences? Can satellite and surface temperature records be reconciled?
Where do the uncertainties lie and how can they be addressed? To what
extent do the records indicate that climate is changing due to human
influences? What is the evidence that humans are having a discernible
influence on the global climate?
Public Invi=
ted
Special Two-Part Seminar: Monday and Tuesday, May 20 and 21, 1996, 3:15-4:45=
PM
Rayburn House Office Bldg., Room B369, Washington, D=
C
Reception Following
INTRODUCTION
Dr. Michael C. MacCracken, Director, Office of the US Global Change
Research Program, Washington, DC
SPEAKERS
Monday, May 20: The Satellite Temperature Record
Dr. John R. Christy, Earth System Science Lab, University of Alabama,
Huntsville, Alabama, on "The Tropospheric Temperature Record from the
Microwave Sounding Units"
Dr. Kevin E. Trenberth, Climate Analysis Section, National Center for
Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, on "Relating the Satellite and
Surface Temperature Records"
Tuesday, May 21: The Surface Temperature Record
Dr. Tom M. L. Wigley, Senior Climate Scientist, National Center for
Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, on "Interpreting the Global
Warming Record"
Dr. Benjamin D. Santer, Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and
Intercomparison, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore,
California, on "The Search for a "Fingerprint" of Human Activities in
Observed Climate Records"
OVERVIEW
Temperature is perhaps the most common measure of the climate of a
region, whether it is the cold temperatures of winter in Minnesota or the
hot temperatures of summer in Arizona. Temperature, along with
precipitation, also controls many aspects of ecosystems, helping determine
spring blooming and the extent of mosquitoes and other vectors for
diseases. For these reasons and more, the longest records of climate in
many areas are of temperature. Similarly for the globe, records of
temperature are the most abundant, provide the longest quantitative record,
and can be most readily compiled and compared. Analysis of the temperature
record, on scales from regional to global, has thus been a critical part of
studies of the patterns and extent of climatic change.
While temperature is the most complete record, the measurements and
available data sets, nonetheless, have many shortcomings. For surface
measurements, these include changes in measurement techniques, limits to
the coverage of measurements, changes in the surroundings around a
stations, and many more. Efforts are therefore being made to measure the
Earth's temperature from space, but again there are many limitations,
including, among others, the inability to measure surface temperature, the
changing sequence of instruments, and the limited length of the record.
This seminar will provide the opportunity to look closely at the
records of both satellites and surface stations, to consider their relative
strengths and weaknesses, and to consider what these records show and do
not show.
The Satellite Temperature Record
Since 1979, Microwave Sounding Units (MSUs) on NOAA polar orbiting
satellites have measured the intensity of upwelling microwave radiation
from atmospheric oxygen. The intensity is shown to be proportional to the
temperature of broad vertical layers of the atmosphere, as demonstrated by
theory and direct comparisons with atmospheric temperatures from radiosonde
(balloon) profiles. A record that is now more than 17 years long has been
created by merging data from nine different MSUs, each with peculiarities
(e.g., time drift of the spacecraft relative to the local solar time) that
must be calculated and removed because they can have substantial impacts on
the resulting trend.
A natural step with such a record is to look for trends over this period,
even though it is quite short compared to the surface temperature record.
Between 20=9AN-20=9AS, independent view-angle trends in channel 2 and 4 show=
a
warming trend in the upper troposphere with cooling in the lower
troposphere, implying a non-linear vertical temperature adjustment. The
greatest differences between the satellite and surface records occur
between 30=9AS-30=9AN and 52=9AN-82=9AN. An important aspect of deriving=
trends and
looking for any human influence, especially over short periods, is
accounting for what might be irregular and extraneous natural events. For
the MSU record, these include the century's largest El Nino warming in the
early 1980s and the century's largest volcanically induced cooling in the
early 1990s. The tilt in the trend caused by these two events suggests a
cooling trend over the period of record. When the MSU records are adjusted
for El Nino events and volcanoes so that the greenhouse/aerosol effect will
likely be the dominant influence, the resulting temperature trend is
positive, rising at a rate of +0.055 to 0.0110 =9AC per decade.
Because the MSU observations are measuring the temperature of the
atmosphere and not of the surface, an important question is how the two are
related. While the traditional notion has been that they are closely
coupled at all times and throughout the world, this has turned out not to
be the case. Recent research is starting to provide explanations for the
apparent differences and to explain when and where decoupling of the two
temperatures occurs, and how this is likely to affect comparison of the two
records.
At the May 20 seminar, Dr. Christy will describe the MSU record and point
out the different indications that it provides of climate change. Dr.
Trenberth will describe how the satellite record compares to the surface
temperature record and what this means with respect to conclusions that can
be drawn.
The Surface Temperature Record
According to a recently released report from the World Meteorological
Organization, the estimated global mean surface air temperature for 1995
was the highest since reliable temperature records began in 1861. The
previous warmest year was 1990, which was just before the Mt. Pinatubo
volcanic eruption that has suppressed temperatures for the past several
years. The warmth in 1995, unlike that for 1990, could not be attributed to
an El Nino because the average Equatorial Pacific Ocean temperature
anomalies were near the 1961-90 average for 1995. Instead, the warmth was
evident over other regions, including the North Atlantic Ocean, where sea
surface temperatures were more than 1=9A C warmer in an area centered around
the Azores. In addition, parts of Siberia were more that 3=9A C warmer than
the 1961-1990 period. However, as would be expected because of year-to-year
variations, the warmth was not uniform; Greenland, the northwest Atlantic
Ocean, and the mid-latitudes of the North Pacific Ocean were actually
cooler than average in 1995.
Temperature records for a representative fraction of the Earth go back to
1861. The temperature record since that time suggests an overall warming of
0.3 to 0.6 =9AC from the 1860s to the 1990s, with the early decades of this
century being slightly cooler temperatures than in the mid-19th century and
with a secondary maximum of temperatures (compared to the 1990s) in the
decades around 1940. Proxy records derived from tree rings, ice cores,
boreholes, and other indirect measures, combined with the thermometer
record, suggest that the most recent decades are the warmest period since
at least 1400 AD, and perhaps as far back as the last interglacial (period
of warmth) about 80,000 years ago. The IPCC concluded that this combination
of factors suggested that climate change is occurring.
The fact that there have been natural fluctuations of the climate over the
past millennium of about 0.5 =9AC (about a cooler mean temperature)
introduces the possibility that the recent warming might be due to natural
processes rather than to human activities. To try to distinguish the human
influence, model simulations have been used to generate the patterns of
climate change to be expected from changes in a range of different factors,
both natural and human-induced. Analyses of these characteristic patterns
(or "fingerprints") indicate that the patterns of climate change are much
more likely to be due to human activities than to natural factors, leading
the IPCC to conclude that "the balance of evidence suggests that there is a
discernible human influence on global climate."
At the May 21 seminar, Dr. Wigley will describe the records of surface
temperatures and the climate trends that emerge, and compare these to the
model projections of climate change since the 1861s. Dr. Santer will then
describe the recent studies to attribute the observed changes to specific
causes of change, especially to human activities.
BIOGRAPHIES
Dr. John R. Christy is Associate Professor of Atmospheric Science at the
University of Alabama in Huntsville, and has studied global climate issues
since 1987. In 1989 Dr. Roy W. Spencer, a NASA/Marshall scientist, and Dr.
Christy developed a global temperature data set from microwave data that
had been recorded by the MSU instrument on NOAA satellites, beginning in
1979. For this achievement, the Spencer-Christy team was awarded NASA's
Medal for Exceptional Scientific Achievement in 1991. In 1995 Dr. Christy
and Dr. Spencer received a Special Award from the American Meteorological
Society "for developing a global, precise record of Earth's temperature
from operational polar-orbiting satellites, fundamentally advancing our
ability to monitor climate."
Dr. Christy obtained his B. A. degree from the CA State Univ.,
=46resno (Mathematics) in 1973, and later taught science as a missionary
teacher in Nyeri, Kenya. After earning a seminary degree in 1978, he served
four years as a bivocational mission-pastor in South Dakota where he also
taught college math. He subsequently received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in
Atmospheric Sciences from the University of Illinois (1984, 1987) under Dr.
Kevin Trenberth. Dr. Christy has served as a contributing lead author on
climate assessment reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(1992, 1994 and 1995), and has also published numerous scientific articles
including studies appearing in Science, Nature, the Journal of Climate and
the Journal of Geophysical Research.
Dr. Kevin Trenberth was born in New Zealand, where he remains a citizen. He
is Head of the Climate Analysis Section at the National Center for
Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, CO. After completing a first class
honors degree in mathematics at the University of Canterbury, Christchurch,
New Zealand, he obtained his Sc. D. in meteorology in 1972 from
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Following several years in the New
Zealand Meteorological Service, he joined the Department of Atmospheric
Sciences at the University of Illinois as an Associate Professor and became
a full Professor in 1984, before moving to NCAR in 1984. He continued as an
Adjunct Professor until 1989. From 1991 to 1995 he served as Deputy
Division Director of the Climate and Global Dynamics Division at NCAR.
Dr. Trenberth has served as Editor of the Monthly Weather Review,
Associate Editor for the Journal of Climate, and presently serves as editor
of the new electronic scientific journal Earth Interactions. and is the
author of many research papers. He serves on the executive committee of
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Advisory Panel
on Climate and Global Change, the National Academy of Sciences Global Ocean
Atmosphere Land System (GOALS) panel, the Atmospheric Observation Panel for
Climate of the Global Climate Observing System, and the International
Scientific Steering Group for the CLIVAR (Climate Variability and
Predictability) Program. Dr. Trenberth has been a prominent author in the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Scientific Assessment
activities and is a lead author for Chapter 1 of the 1995 Scientific
Assessment. He is a fellow of the American Meteorological Society, and was
made an Honorary Fellow of the New Zealand Royal Society in 1995.
Dr. Tom Wigley was born and educated in Australia. After his undergraduate
degree he trained as a meteorologist and worked for a year as a research
meteorologist before returning to university to complete a Ph.D. in
Mathematical Physics. He then joined the faculty of the Mechanical
Engineering Department at the University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. In
1975, he moved to the United Kingdom to the Climatic Research Unit of the
University of East Anglia, becoming Director in 1978. In 1993, he left the
Unit to join the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) in
Boulder, CO. In 1994, he received a Senior Scientist appointment with the
National Center for Atmospheric Research.
Dr. Wigley has published widely on diverse aspects of the broad
field of climatology; from data analysis, to climate impacts on agriculture
and water resources, to climate, sea level and carbon cycle modeling, to
paleoclimatology. Dr. Wigley has concentrated recently on facets of the
greenhouse problem, and has contributed as a lead author to all of the IPCC
assessments of the climate change issue. Dr. Wigley had a major role in the
preparation of the 1995 IPCC Working Group I Second Assessment Report, and
contributed important information to the reports of the other Working
Groups. He was responsible for producing the future concentration profiles
for achieving stabilization of CO-2 concentrations used in Working Groups I
and III; he produced the global-mean projections for temperature and sea
level change given in Working Group I; and he was a lead author for the
Working Group I detection chapter.
Dr. Benjamin D. Santer is a senior member of the Program for Climate Model
Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) at the Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA. His research interests include detection
of anthropogenic climate change and climate model validation. He received
his B.Sc. in environmental sciences in 1977, graduating with first class
honors, and his Ph.D. in climatology in 1987. Both were obtained at the
University of East Anglia, Norwich, U.K. Dr. Santer's doctoral work
focused on the use of Monte Carlo methods (randomization) in the regional
validation of climate General Circulation Models.
Dr. Santer then served as a postdoctoral research scientist (for
two years), and later as a research scientist (for three years) at the
Max-Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI) in Hamburg, Germany, where he
worked closely with Dr. Klaus Hasselmann on climate-change detection. He is
the Convening Lead Author for Chapter 8 ("Detection of Climate Change, and
Attribution of Causes") of the 1995 Second Assessment Report of the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Dr. Santer is also currently a
member of the Science Advisory Group of NOAA's Climate Change, Data and
Detection Program, and of the International CLIVAR (Climate Variability and
Predictability) Numerical Experimentation Group on anthropogenic climate
change.
NEXT SEMINAR: Monday, June 10, 1996
Forest Responses to the Changing Composition of the Atmosphere
=46or more information please contact:
Dr. Anthony D. Socci, U.S. Global Change Research Program Office
300 D St., SW, Suite 840, Washington, DC 20024
Telephone: (202) 651-8244; Fax: (202) 554-6715
E-Mail: TSOCCI at USGCRP.GOV.
Additional information on the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)
and this Seminar Series is available on the USGCRP Home Page at:
http://www.usgcrp.gov. Normally these seminars are held on the second
Monday of each month.
From coral at aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 16 10:55:53 1996
From: coral at aoml.noaa.gov (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Thu, 16 May 1996 10:55:53 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Revised NOAA FY97 South Florida Initiative
Message-ID:
Attached is a slight revision of NOAA's FY97 South Florida Initiative.
The biggest changes are to Section 4., Restoring South Florida's Coral
Reefs.
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
NOAA ESSENTIAL TO RESTORING SOUTH FLORIDA'S ECOSYSTEM
FY 1997 ($ 6 M)
THE HEALTH OF FLORIDA BAY AND THE FLORIDA KEYS IS DIRECTLY LINKED TO THE
HEALTH OF THE EVERGLADES. Before 1900, freshwater flowed from the
Kissimmee Lakes through the Everglades and into Florida Bay and coastal
waters, where it mixed with seawater and moved onto the Florida Keys coral
reefs. This created some of the world's most productive and diverse
coastal habitats. From the Everglades grasslands to Florida Bay seagrass
beds and Florida Keys coral reefs, the areas are an ecosystem linked
together by the flow of freshwater.
WATER FLOW IN SOUTH FLORIDA HAS BEEN DRAMATICALLY CHANGED AND THE
ECOSYSTEM IS DETERIORATING. Over the past 50 years, canals, dikes and
development for agriculture and a growing population changed the
direction, quantity and quality of freshwater flow. These changes
threaten South Florida's productive inland and coastal habitats, and the
economies and people who depend on them.
Like the Everglades grasslands, South Florida's coastal habitats are in
jeopardy. Coastal waters have changed: increased salinity, increased
nutrient concentrations, increased pesticide concentrations, decreased
clarity, and changes in water flow. These changes are contributing to
ecological deterioration including:
=09Dieoffs of seagrasses,
=09Declining fish and shrimp populations,
=09Increasing blooms of atypical phytoplankton and algae,
=09Dieoffs of sponges, critical habitat for spiny lobsters (most
=09=09valuable fishery in Florida),
=09Dieoffs of mangroves, and
=09Deterioration of Florida Keys coral reefs, the third
=09=09largest barrier reef in the world.
Large areas of seagrasses in Florida Bay have been dying since the summer
of 1987. Seagrass habitats are essential nursery areas for many
commercial and recreational fisheries species. The loss of seagrasses has
contributed to declines in seagrass-dependent species such as pink shrimp,
with significant economic impacts on South Florida's commercial and
recreational fisheries.
NOAA IS ESSENTIAL TO THE RESTORATION EFFORT IN FY 1997. The South Florida
Ecosystem Restoration is an integrated effort among federal, tribal, state
and non-governmental partners to halt continued degradation of the South
Florida's ecosystem and restore the ecosystem's valuable functions and
services from the Kissimmee Lakes through the Everglades, into Florida Bay
and the Florida Keys.
The restoration effort is depending on NOAA in FY 1997 for research,
monitoring, assessments and coastal management. NOAA's effort is (1) the
only portion entirely devoted to restoring coastal components of the South
Florida ecosystem, and (2) designed to evaluate the effects of "upstream"
restoration actions on coastal resources. NOAA requires $ 6 million new
funds in FY 1997 to fulfill these commitments necessary for successful
restoration of land and coastal parts of the ecosystem. This is a
practical, relatively small investment in comparison to the large amount
of federal, state and local dollars that will be spent to restore
"upstream" portions of South Florida's ecosystem.
NOAA HAS IMPORTANT RESPONSIBILITIES IN SOUTH FLORIDA. NOAA is responsible
for management of coastal resources in South Florida including fisheries,
protected species and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. NOAA's
unique science, management, remote-sensing and on-site capabilities
provide information on coastal, ocean and atmospheric conditions critical
to the entire restoration effort.
NOAA will contribute the information and tools essential to successful
restoration of inland and coastal areas by focusing on four areas of
critical need:
1.ESTABLISH INTEGRATED COASTAL MONITORING IN FLORIDA BAY
AND THE FLORIDA KEYS NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY
=09(National Ocean Service $ 1.7 M)
Goal:Establish a long-term integrated ecosystem monitoring program and
information base on Florida Bay and Florida Keys to enable managers and
scientists to assess ecosystem conditions and the effectiveness of
management actions.
Description: This initiative will develop and implement the first
integrated ecosystem monitoring program for South Florida's coastal and
marine areas. The project is designed to inventory, integrate and build
on the existing, uncoordinated coastal monitoring efforts. Initial
efforts with the State of Florida have already inventoried, placed in a
geographically-referenced computer information system and made Internet
accessible more than 250 existing coastal monitoring programs.
2.RESTORE SOUTH FLORIDA'S LIVING MARINE RESOURCES
=09(National Marine Fisheries Service $ 1.7 M)
Goal:Restore and sustainably manage South Florida's fisheries, sea
turtles, marine mammals and their habitats and other coastal resources
utilizing the best possible research, monitoring and management tools.
Description: Florida Bay seagrasses, delta, mangroves, keys and the coral
reef communities are critical habitats for commercial and recreational
fisheries, sea turtles, marine mammals, and other living marine resources.
All of these habitats are showing signs of stress and experiencing
dieoffs. While some of the stresses affecting these critical habitats are
known (e.g., fishing, nutrient increases), others are not well understood.
The ability to recover from these stresses, and the effects of current
restoration efforts directed at the Everglades need to be determined.
This initiative will provide research, management and education urgently
needed to halt the loss and restore these habitats. It will provide
information to evaluate the effects of current restoration efforts, and
provide sustainable solutions for the species that depend on coastal
habitats. Activities include:
Collect information on the effects of changes in South Florida on sea
turtles and marine mammals to develop adequate multi-species management
plans.
Use information from monitoring programs to assess the status, trends
and management needs of fisheries and other living resources of the
Florida Key's coral reef system.
Use information on resource status and trends in models to predict
outcomes and implement restoration and management of critical fisheries
habitats (e.g., reef areas and Florida Bay seagrasses).
3.DETERMINE CAUSES OF DECLINES AND EFFECTS OF RESTORATION
ON COASTAL RESOURCES
=09(Coastal Ocean Program $ 1.7 M)
Goal:Provide information and models to predict possible outcomes and best
solutions for restoration efforts in South Florida. The goal is to better
predict how restoration will proceed and what actions will reverse the
decline in coastal resources and allow sustainable use in the future.
Description: The initiative will support research and modeling by NOAA
and its academic partners on the natural and human components of South
Florida's ecosystem. Much of this information and predictive capability
is currently not available. The information and predictions will be used
to evaluate the effects of the restoration and human demands on the
coastal communities, resources and economies that depend on them.
Using social, economic and ecological information, models will be
developed to predict ecosystem (including human) responses to various
human impacts and natural changes including:
Characterize human and natural stresses and responses in Florida Bay
and the Florida Keys.
Develop an ecosystem model to predict impacts and guide management of
coastal resources and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.
4.RESTORING SOUTH FLORIDA'S CORAL REEFS
=09(NOS, NMFS, COP $ 1.0 M)
Goal:Portions of the Florida Key's coral reef system are deteriorating.
Fishing, pollution and other human impacts have impacted portions of the
reef, but many of the causes of reef degradation are unknown and there is
little capacity to monitor reef status. This initiative will focus on
restoring and sustainably using South Florida=92s fragile coral reefs.
Description: To adequately fulfill its restoration and management
responsibilities for this special reef tract, NOAA must increase its
efforts to monitor coral resources, manage human uses and determine the
effectiveness of these efforts. Using remote-sensing technology and
volunteer assistants for on-site monitoring, this initiative will:
Build on existing, but limited coral reef monitoring efforts to
complete the system required to provide long-term information on the
health of the reef system.
Translate and provide this information to coastal managers.
Build public understanding, participation and local support for
sustainable use of the coral reef tract.
Establish a cooperative training and research program to exchange
information and build capacity for effective coral reef management at
local levels.
SOUTH FLORIDA'S ECONOMY DEPENDS ON HEALTHY COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS: Large
portions of South Florida's economy are dependent on healthy coastal
habitats like Florida Bay and the Florida Keys. Deterioration of South
Florida's coastal resources will significantly impact these industries,
the people that depend on them, and the people who come to use them from
all over the United States.
Healthy coral reefs, a healthy Florida Bay and clean coastal waters are
the foundation of a healthy economy. More than 3 million tourists/year
from all over the U.S. spent an estimated $1.3 billion in 1991. Florida's
coral reefs are the #1 diving destination in the world, attracting more
than 1.2 million divers per year. Divers bring over $ 220 millon/year
into the economy. The asset value of water related recreation in the Keys
is estimated at $ 22 billion.
Commercial fishing is an important part of South Florida's economy. In
good seasons, for example, pink shrimp catches produced over $ 120
million/year. Spiny lobster catches produced $ 24 million/year.
Recreational fishing produces more than 23,500 jobs. The economic value
of Florida Bay fishing trips exceeds $ 9.0 million per year.
BENEFITS OF INVESTING IN NOAA'S STRENGTHS: NOAA brings a unique suite of
science and management capabilities to the South Florida ecosystem
restoration effort through its expertise in coastal and atmospheric
research, predictive modeling and resource management. Successful
restoration and sustainable stewardship of South Florida's valuable
coastal resources will not be possible without application of NOAA's full
capabilities.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
David Jansen, Office of Legislative Affairs=09=09(202-482-4981)
Matthew Stout, Office of Public and Constituent Affairs=09(202-482-6090)
From cr10 at mailer.york.ac.uk Fri May 17 17:23:45 1996
From: cr10 at mailer.york.ac.uk (Callum Roberts)
Date: Fri, 17 May 1996 17:23:45 BST
Subject: Urgently seeking nominations for ISRS council
Message-ID:
Dear Colleagues,
We URGENTLY need nominations for new council
members for the International Society for Reef Studies. We are
looking for energetic and enthusiastic people involved with reef
science (and currently members of ISRS) to help with the
development of the society and further the study of coral reefs. If you
or any of your colleagues would like to stand for election please
reply to Callum Roberts (cr10 at york.ac.uk) or Sue Wells
(sue.wells at wcmc.org.uk) by Tuesday 21st May!!! We apologise for
the short notice but would greatly appreciate your efforts to identify
willing people. Please include with your nominations a few lines
about the nominee and make sure you have their agreement that they
are prepared to stand for election. If everybody can think of one
person (self nomination is welcome!) then we will have an excellent
field of candidates.
Best wishes,
Callum Roberts
Corresponding Secretary ISRS
From suniwan at po.jaring.my Fri May 17 19:49:49 1996
From: suniwan at po.jaring.my (DON BAKER)
Date: Sat, 18 May 1996 07:49:49 +0800 (MYT)
Subject: Spawning Events / WorldWide
Message-ID: <199605172349.HAA22300@relay1.jaring.my>
Dear Coral-List Members,
I am compiling data on coral spawning events - as best as possible. I need
data worldwide rather than from, say, Florida, USA only.
The purpose of my efforts is to try to simulate spawning parameters in a
mariculture/raceway setting here in Sabah, Malaysia. I have a selection of
hard corals thriving in a 4000L open system raceway.
Any data on spawning corals in a captive environment would also be of great
assistance as well.
I am also needing some good pubs on ID coral species - worldwide as well.
Any leads & titles?
Many thanks,
Don Baker
Sabah, Malaysia
Suniwang Holdings
From P.Blanchon at UAlberta.CA Mon May 20 21:27:42 1996
From: P.Blanchon at UAlberta.CA (Paul Blanchon)
Date: Mon, 20 May 1996 19:27:42 -0600
Subject: New review posted on the Reef Resource Page
Message-ID:
Dear list members,
I have recently posted a review of the history of reef geology on the Reef
Resource Page (http://www.ualberta.ca/~pblancho/index.html). This is the
first of many such 'review modules' that I hope to post over the next year
or so. They are essentially draft documents that will provide the basis for
an up-to-date and integrated review of the biology, ecology, and geology of
modern reef systems. If these reviews are to serve any useful purpose,
however, they will require the input of as many reef scientists as
possible. So it is my hope that, by using the Web and all its multimedia
capabilities, I can solicit your candid feedback, reviews and cooperation.
All input will be aknowledged and all reviews will be posted (unless
otherwise requested).
The first 'review module' addresses the historical development of
geological reef science -- an important topic where scientific consensus is
attainable. It outlines the _major_ reef theories from Darwin to the
present, providing succinct critiques of each. I would particularly like
feedback on the conclusion that our ideas on reef configuration and
architecture have essentially come full circle back to where they started
i.e., reefs are fully capable of producing their own morphology with little
help from foundations.
Also, I would be very interested in hearing from those of you keen to
review or with ideas on the history of biological and ecological reef
science. Like the geological review, the objective is to outline the major
theories, paradigms etc, provide succinct critiques of each, and end with a
brief summary of where we are and perhaps were we should go.
I sincerely hope that, by pooling our collective knowledge in these
reviews, we can establish a framework that will enable us to address the
interdisciplinary problems that reefs presently face.
The rationale for such an approach is simple: lack of communication and
cooperation among scientists who seek to understand the same natural
phenomena can only lead to confusion, duplication, misinformation, and
ultimately mismanagement.
Paul Blanchon.
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
Dr. Paul Blanchon || Research Fellow
Dept. Earth & Atmospheric Sciences,
1-26 Earth Science Building,
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Tel: (403) 492-4205 Fax: (403) 492-2030
E-mail: p.blanchon at ualberta.ca
Web: http://www.ualberta.ca/~pblancho/index.html
<<>><<>><<>><<>><<>><<>><<>><<>><<>><<>><<>
From mschultz at ocean.ocean.fsu.edu Tue May 21 10:23:49 1996
From: mschultz at ocean.ocean.fsu.edu (mschultz at ocean.ocean.fsu.edu)
Date: Tue, 21 May 1996 09:23:49 -0500
Subject: No subject
Message-ID: <9605211319.AA01465@ocean.ocean.fsu.edu>
Dear Colleagues,
Does anyone have specific information of areas of high ground water seepage
and/or submarine springs in and around Florida Bay? Specific Lat/Long
information would the most helpful.
Also, we were trying to puzzle out some explaination for hypersaline ground
water in the area. Any help?
Thanks in advance.
Mike
Mike Schultz
Graduate Researcher
Department of Oceanography
Florida State University
Tallahassee, FL 32306-3048
mschultz at ocean.fsu.edu
GO SEMINOLES!!!
From oveh at bio.usyd.edu.au Thu May 23 03:37:44 1996
From: oveh at bio.usyd.edu.au (Ove Hoegh-Guldberg)
Date: Thu, 23 May 1996 17:37:44 +1000
Subject: The next generation of underwater survey devices.
Message-ID: <1.5.4.32.19960523073744.00897b38@mail.bio.usyd.edu.au>
The Coral Reef Research Institute is collaborating with an engineering
student (Mr. Duncan Burns) on the design of the next generation of
underwater survey devices. The project wants input from coral reef
biologists who are involved in underwater survey work for management or
research. The instrument envisioned is one in which data can be entered
directly into a computer and in which other variables like temperature are
recorded automatically.
YOU CAN HELP IN THE DESIGN PHASE. Please visit the URL and answer the simple
form-based questionnaire that is located at the URL:
http://www.bio.usyd.edu.au/CRRI/LIBRARY/duncan3.html.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ove Hoegh-Guldberg Ph: (02) 351-2389
School of Biological Sciences Fax: (02) 351-4119
Building A08 Mobile: 014 811 935
University of Sydney Country code Australia = 61
2006 NSW Australia
OHG: http://www.bio.usyd.edu.au/SOBS/ACADEMIC/ACASTAFF/ohg/ohg.html
Coral Reef Research Institute: http://www.bio.usyd.edu.au/CRRI/crri-ind.html
One Tree Island Research Station: http://www.bio.usyd.edu.au/OTI/
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
From J.MCMANUS at cgnet.com Fri May 24 12:48:00 1996
From: J.MCMANUS at cgnet.com (John McManus)
Date: Fri, 24 May 1996 09:48:00 -0700 (PDT)
Subject: No subject
Message-ID: <31A517B9@msm.cgnet.com>
TO:Coral-List
FROM:John McManus
DATE: 24 May 1996
I have just looked through the homepage of Ursula Keuper-Bennett, as she
described on May 6. This is a superb use of the Web to convey to the public
what is happening to many reefs. Perhaps other people with websites can
help give some visibility to the site through cross-listing and recommended
site listings. I hope to see some more sites like this.
Has anyone done any studies to explain the algal dominance in Honokowai?
The website is:http://www.io.org/-bunrab/honolist.htm
Sincerely, John McManus
From howzit at io.org Fri May 24 06:49:00 1996
From: howzit at io.org (Ursula Keuper-Bennett)
Date: Fri, 24 May 1996 06:49:00 -0400
Subject: Website Correction & Further Comments
Message-ID: <199605241049.GAA17292@io.org>
Hello John,
You wrote:
>The website is:http://www.io.org/-bunrab/honolist.htm
That will just give people error messages. The ACTUAL address is:
http://www.io.org/-bunrab/honohist.htm
Honohist stands for Honokowai history.
You wrote:
>I have just looked through the homepage of Ursula Keuper-Bennett, as she
>described on May 6. This is a superb use of the Web to convey to the public
>what is happening to many reefs.
My husband and I really appreciate the kind words, thank you. I have
snorkelled/dived this Honokowai reef every summer since 1977 and he since
1987. Then it experienced an permanent invasion of Hypnea musciformis
punctuated by two devastating Cladophora algae blooms in '89 and 91.
Our reef got trashed. Since that time we have watched the resident sea
turtles in the area sicken and "disappear" (we can't prove they die) from a
disease called fibropapillomas. There is a sewage treatment plant
(injection well style) within an easy walk and an impressive amount of the
red fertile West Maui mountainside (complete with fertilizers from
pineapples) makes its way to the ocean bottom via run off.
And we get to go back July 1st and dive the area again. For the several of
you wondering, yes, we have pondered what effect diving in such waters might
have on us....
John you wrote:
>
>Has anyone done any studies to explain the algal dominance in Honokowai?
Sure. Some. A nutrient run-off study conducted in the dry season comes to
mind. Another search for whether effluent from the injection wells made it
to the ocean. They found some traces but nothing to get excited about.
Read a couple of other papers about the seaweed/algae characteristics and
distribution.
Most of the studies are what you scientists would refer to as "preliminary".
I think the thing that stands out most from all the diving over the years is
that one Cladophora bloom - just one - can do in a whole lot of corals.
That was the message we wanted to send.
I need to repeat again, the website is:
http://www.io.org/-bunrab/honohist.htm
Best regards
^ Ursula Keuper-Bennett
0 0 Mississauga, Ontario
/V^\ | | /^V\ Email: howzit at io.org
/V Turtle Trax V\
/V soon 1 yr old V\ http://www.io.org/~bunrab
From oliver.gussmann at stonebow.otago.ac.nz Tue May 28 01:34:10 1996
From: oliver.gussmann at stonebow.otago.ac.nz (Oliver Gussmann)
Date: Tue, 28 May 1996 17:34:10 +1200 (NZST)
Subject: Halimeda
Message-ID: <199605280534.RAA05342@galadriel.otago.ac.nz>
Dear all,
Can someone guide me to relevant literature on the occurrence of fossil
Halimeda in the Pacific region (and Atlantic?), as well as any studies that
have been done assessing terrigenous sedimentation on Halimeda
productivity?
Cheers, Oliver
From davidson at blue.weeg.uiowa.edu Wed May 29 09:51:41 1996
From: davidson at blue.weeg.uiowa.edu (Osha Gray Davidson)
Date: Wed, 29 May 1996 08:51:41 -0500
Subject: Sibling species
Message-ID: <199605291351.IAA19083@ns-mx.uiowa.edu>
I'm interested in the issue of newly discovered sibling species on the reef,
as discussed in a January 1994 article in TREE, by Knowlton and Jackson. Can
anyone suggest the quintessential example of this, i.e., what was long
thought to be one reef species turns out to be many, many sibling species?
Thanks,
Osha
From coral at aoml.noaa.gov Wed May 29 10:24:31 1996
From: coral at aoml.noaa.gov (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Wed, 29 May 1996 10:24:31 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: MAUI link fix
Message-ID:
Forwarded message:
---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Fri, 24 May 1996 17:28:27 -0400
From: Ursula Keuper-Bennett
To: owner-coral-list at reef.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: ****BLUSH*****
To: John McManus and other Coral'ers
I can't believe this has happened! I entered the address of my own website
incorrectly by using a - instead of a ~ .
Here it is one more time. For information about the degradation of a reef
on Maui (Hawaii), the CORRECT address is:
http://www.io.org/~bunrab/honohist.htm
(I just swept the address with my mouse and tried it personally. Sorry
about that and thank you to Howie and Chris for letting me know my
"correction" didn't work either!)
Sorry for any inconvenience and confusion this error caused.
Best regards
^ Ursula Keuper-Bennett
0 0 Mississauga, Ontario
/V^\ | | /^V\ Email: howzit at io.org
/V Turtle Trax V\
/V soon 1 yr old V\ http://www.io.org/~bunrab
From coral at aoml.noaa.gov Tue May 28 14:13:44 1996
From: coral at aoml.noaa.gov (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Tue, 28 May 1996 14:13:44 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: LIZARD ISLAND DOCTORAL FELLOWSHIP 1997
Message-ID:
Forwarded message:
LIZARD ISLAND RESEARCH STATION
Great Barrier Reef, Australia
A facility of the Australian Museum
LIZARD ISLAND DOCTORAL FELLOWSHIP 1997
The Australian Museum, in conjunction with the Lizard Island Reef
Research Foundation, is offering a Fellowship to a PhD student to
support field work on the Great Barrier Reef based at the Lizard Island
Research Station. The recipient will carry out significant field
studies in a scientific discipline relevant to coral reefs. The first
annual Fellowship was awarded in 1984, and applications are now invited
for the 1997 Fellowship.
The Fellowship is intended primarily to pay bench fees at the Lizard
Island Research Station for several months field work per year over a
period of up to three years. It may also be used for travel and freight
expenses and to purchase research equipment, but it may not be used for
living expenses or salary. Support will be granted for field work at
Lizard Island for a maximum of three years; however, applications for
funding for one or two years are acceptable. The amount granted in any
year of the Fellowship will be a maximum of A$6,000. The project should
result in a significant contribution to coral reef science and the data
from Lizard Island should form an important part of that work.
The Lizard Island Research Station was established in 1972 by the
Australian Museum to support research into all aspects of the biology,
geology and hydrology of coral reef ecosystems. Airconditioned
laboratories, boats, diving equipment, running seawater aquaria, and
accommodation units are provided at the Station. Lizard Island is
situated in an extraordinarily diverse marine ecosystem which is
carefully managed as part of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. The
large size (7 km2) and height (360 m) of Lizard Island and its adjoining
smaller islands and reefs provides a wide variety of habitats and
ensures that field work can proceed in all but the most extreme weather.
Lizard Island (14o40'S 145o28'E) is located near the middle of the 50 km
wide continental shelf: near-by habitats include turbid coastal reefs,
mid-shelf platform reefs, inter-reef soft-bottoms including extensive
Halimeda beds, sheltered lagoons and high-energy ribbon reefs facing the
Coral Sea. Access to Lizard Island is easy with many flights into
Cairns from international and domestic ports and daily flights from
Cairns to Lizard Island.
CONDITIONS OF AWARD
Each year, the Fellow will be required to make an oral presentation at
the Research Station on his/her research and produce a written progress
report including revised budget estimates for the coming year(s).
Subsequent funding depends upon suitable progress. The Fellow must
lodge a bound copy of his/her thesis in the Station's library. Any non-
consumable equipment purchased with Fellowship funds becomes the
property of the Research Station when field work has been completed.
INFORMATION APPLICATIONS
Six copies of the application
should be sent to:
The Directors
Lizard Island Research Station Deputy Director
PMB 37 Australian Museum
CAIRNS QLD 4870 6 College Street
AUSTRALIA SYDNEY NSW 2000
AUSTRALIA
Internet:
lizard at amss.Austmus.oz.au Internet: alixB at ama.Austmus.oz.au
Phone and fax: + 61 (0)70 60-3977
Phone: + 61 (0)2 320-6224
Fax: + 61 (0)2 320-6056
CLOSING DATE 1 OCTOBER 1996
Please see application format, selection criteria and information on costs,
below.
APPLICATION FORMAT
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
- Name of applicant
- University and Department
- Name of supervisor(s)
- Project title
- Objectives (100 words)
- Significance (100 words)
-Research plan (maximum 5 pages): outline experimental design and
methodology; show sequence of tasks on a yearly timescale; indicate
work already completed..
-Financial details (maximum 2 pages): indicate number of years for
which funding is sought; provide a detailed budget for each year of
funding for the whole project (not just the Lizard Island component),
including bench fees, travel and other costs (expenditure on equipment
exceeding $200 must be detailed); indicate which non-fellowship
funding is already guaranteed and how remaining funding (including
that for living expenses) will be obtained; justify expenditure in
terms of the research.
CURRICULUM VITAE
As well as the usual personal, educational and professional information,
include: a summary of academic record and achievements; list of
publications; date of enrolment in PhD program, and; the name of a
referee who may be contacted regarding the application.
SUPPORTING LETTER
A letter approving the project from the head of the university
department where the applicant will be enrolled must be included with
the application. Overseas students must also include a letter from
their supervisor indicating the acceptability of overseas field work to
the program at that particular university, and how closely involved the
supervisor will be with the project.
COSTS
To assist in preparing budgets, the following costs involved in field
work at the Lizard Island Research Station in 1997 are provided. All
amounts are in Australian dollars.
Diving: The Station's regulations require that all scuba dives are done
by at least two divers; a boat attendant is also required under some
circumstances. All projects requiring diving should allow for at least
one dedicated assistant, for whom bench fees must be paid. Contact the
Research Station for further details.
Bench fees: PhD students are offered a highly subsidised bench fee
which includes self-catering accommodation, most laboratory and aquarium
facilities, use of a small boat, and scuba tanks and weights for
qualified divers. In 1997, the rate will be $29 per day for the student
and $25 per day for each assistant. For visits of more than 28
consecutive days, the bench fee is reduced by 10% for the entire visit.
Food and freight: Food must be ordered from Cairns for delivery by
barge every two weeks, or by air. Food costs are not covered by the
Fellowship. Air freight from Cairns is expensive at about $3.00 per kg.
Freight carried by the fortnightly barge is $9.00 per grocery carton-
sized container. Freight expenses may be paid from Fellowship funds.
Travel: Return airfare between Cairns and Lizard Island is $380. There
is no scheduled surface transport.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Selection will be based on the following criteria:
1) acceptance of the applicant into a PhD program to undertake research
on a topic related to coral reefs;
2) evidence that the applicant has stipend from a scholarship or other
source for the duration of the Fellowship;
3) significance, quality and innovation of the proposed research which
must be on an aspect of coral reefs;
4) feasibility of the proposed research within the limitations of budget
and safety regulations;
5) significant and efficient usage of the Lizard Island Research Station
during each year of funding;
6) evidence that sufficient funding will be available to complete the
project as planned, or presentation of a contingency plan for amending
the project if additional funding does not become available;
7) evidence of the applicant having relevant research and fieldwork
experience;
8) the applicant's academic and research record.
From nlbruce at ZMUC.KU.DK Thu May 30 10:05:00 1996
From: nlbruce at ZMUC.KU.DK (Bruce, Niel L. {ZMUC})
Date: Thu, 30 May 96 10:05:00 DST
Subject: Sibling species
Message-ID: <31AD73C0@AKI.KU.DK>
Osha queried " newly discovered sibling species on the reef".
I am not sure what organisms were being referred to, but in the smaller
crustaceans there are several such complexes, the most spectacular that I
know of being a group of small isopods found on coral reefs around the
world, that went from one "pantropical cosmopolite" (Cirolana parva) to
currently about 20 species, with a similar number yet to be described. If
you want to know more, get in touch with me.
Niel L. Bruce
Curator of Crustacea
Zoologisk Museum, Universitetsparken 15,
Copenhagen O, DK 2100
DENMARK
Ph: +45 35 32 10 00; +45 35 32 10 21 (direct); FAX: +45 35 32 10 10.
e-mail: ; home page:
From Meyer at 129.137.35.249 Thu May 30 04:52:00 1996
From: Meyer at 129.137.35.249 (Dave)
Date: Thu, 30 May 1996 09:52:00 +0100
Subject: sibling species
Message-ID:
My colleague Gary Spiller, who lacks e-mail access, wanted to know if there were
any papers on sustainable harvesting of corals and coral reef aquarium fishes,
or ones with baseline data before the fishery started and after.
He can be reached at:
Gary Spiller
P.O. Box 3268
Apia, WESTERN SAMOA
If it is easier, please just forward replies to me and I will pass them on.
Thank you.
don
Don E. McAllister /& Canadian Centre for Biodiversity
Ocean Voice International /Canadian Museum of Nature
Box 37026, 3332 McCarthy Rd. /Box 3443, Station D
Ottawa, ON K1V 0W0, Canada /Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4
URL: http://www.conveyor.com/oceanvoice.html
E-mail: mcall at superaje.com (or: ah194 at freenet.carleton.ca)
Tel: (613) 264-8986, Fax: (613) 264-9204
Don E. McAllister /& Canadian Centre for Biodiversity
Ocean Voice International /Canadian Museum of Nature
Box 37026, 3332 McCarthy Rd. /Box 3443, Station D
Ottawa, ON K1V 0W0, Canada /Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4
URL: http://www.conveyor.com/oceanvoice.html
E-mail: mcall at superaje.com (or: ah194 at freenet.carleton.ca)
Tel: (613) 264-8986, Fax: (613) 264-9204
From Laurie.Ferns at forestry.tas.gov.au Thu May 30 18:27:52 1996
From: Laurie.Ferns at forestry.tas.gov.au (Laurie.Ferns at forestry.tas.gov.au)
Date: Fri, 31 May 1996 09:27:52 +1100
Subject: Sibling Coral Species
Message-ID: <1AE21070.1521@forestry.tas.gov.au>
I am aware of a PHD researcher at James Cook University (Australia)
who was/is studying the 'species status' of Platygyra sinensis.
From what I can gather from coffee table conversation is that P.
sinensis may be complex consisting of five separate species. This work
has apparently involved genetic studies.
My advice is to contact the University through Dr John Collins at the
following email: john.collins at jcu.edu.au
Dr Collins should be able to give you a contact.
Regards
Laurie Ferns
Conservation Officer
Geographic Information Systems Unit
Forestry Tasmania
199 Macquarie Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
Telephone (002) 338197 Fax (002) 338252
Email l.ferns at forestry.tas.gov.au
From davidson at blue.weeg.uiowa.edu Thu May 30 21:23:15 1996
From: davidson at blue.weeg.uiowa.edu (Osha Gray Davidson)
Date: Thu, 30 May 1996 20:23:15 -0500
Subject: Summer classes
Message-ID: <199605310123.UAA23699@ns-mx.uiowa.edu>
I'm considering taking Eugene Kaplan's summer course (10 days) in tropical
marine biology in Jamaica. In case the dates don't work out for that, can
someone suggest a similar intensive program for a basic grounding in this
area (reefs, et. al.)? Thank you.
Osha Gray Davidson
From hendee at aoml.noaa.gov Fri May 31 22:57:54 1996
From: hendee at aoml.noaa.gov (James C. Hendee)
Date: Fri, 31 May 1996 22:57:54 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: scleractinian coral tissue
Message-ID:
---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Fri, 31 May 96 12:11:18 CDT
From: Tonya
To: coral-list at aoml.noaa.gov
I was wondering if anyone knew of a protocol to isolate intact zooxanthellae
from scleractinian coral tissue. I have only found partial or very general
protocols.
Thanks in advance.
Tonya Snell
tsnell at lsuvm.sncc.lsu.edu
Louisiana State University
From coral at aoml.noaa.gov Thu May 30 10:33:47 1996
From: coral at aoml.noaa.gov (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Thu, 30 May 1996 10:33:47 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: CHAMP news
Message-ID:
Greetings!
The Coral Health and Monitoring Program's Home Page at
http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov has recently added about 40 new literature
citations to its Abstracts section. It is difficult to do, but we have
tried to only list references which are directly related to health or
monitoring.
Also, we have added the following links to the ICRI Page:
1) Report to the United Nations Commission on Sustainable
Development
2) State of the Reefs Report
These reports were released on May 22, 1996 and are very informative.
Sincerely yours,
Jim Hendee
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| |
| Coral Health and Monitoring Program |
| Ocean Chemistry Division |
| Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratory |
| National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
| Miami, Florida |
| USA |
| |
| Email: coral at coral.aoml.noaa.gov |
| World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov |
| |
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~