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Formal VLC model

Non-formal environments

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Research Questions
• Are characteristics identified in formal virtual learning communities found in a non-formal online learning environment, and do unique characteristics emerge? • How does the context and structure of the course influence self-directed learning undertaken by participants?

Non-formal Learning Environments
Non-formal
Formal Informal

Fits somewhere between formal and informal environments; often contains elements of both.

Findings
High frequency codes: •Concept awareness – awareness of how a particular activity or piece of knowledge fits into an individual’s existing knowledge. • Engagement – confronting or exploring ideas or resources first presented by someone else in the

Findings
Zero frequency codes: •Historicity – references to the history and/or culture of the community. • Trajectory – the sense that the community is moving in a direction, typically towards the future, or growth, or toward resolution of a goal.

But Why??
Participants were highly talkative and engaged during F2F sessions. Why was the online environment such a flop?

But Why??

Time: • professors are busy people • other priorities come first, and ther is little time left for online works