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No. 73 May 1993
PREGNANCY COMPUCATIONS AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES
ASSOCIATED WITH MATERNAL DIABETES
by
Robert E Meyer, PhD^
Paul A. Buescher, PhD^
Kevin Ryan, MD, MPH^
ABSTRACT
This study examines the risk for maternal complications and adverse outcomes among a cohort of
6,092 diabetic (insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent) and 13,653 nondiabetic gravidas deliver-ing
inNorthCarolina in 1 989-1 990. Data on maternal diabetesand pregnancy outcome wereobtained from
matched live birth and infant death certificates.
Controlling for matemalage, race, education, marital status, parity, smoking, andamount ofprenatal
care, mothers with diabetes were more likely to have had complications of polyhydramnios, pregnancy-induced
hyperter\sion, eclampsia, cephalopelvic disproportion, breech presentation and preterm deliv-ery.
Infants of diabetic mothers were more likely to weigh 4,000 grams or more at delivery and to
experieiKebirth injuryand intrap>artum hypoxemia. Controlling for birth weight, the risk for neonatal and
postneonatal mortality among infents of diabetics v^^as more than two times that of infants whose mothers
were nondiabetic. Congenital malformatior\s accounted for 31.3 percent of the deaths among infants of
diabetic mothers, compared to 11.6 percent of the deaths among infents of nondiabetics.
These findings indicate that diabetes is associated with a wade spectrum of maternal and perinatal
complications. Appropriate preconceptional care, improved prenatal diagnosis, better metabolic control,
and careful obstetric management of mothers with diabetes can substantially reduce the risk for many of
these conditions.
'State Center for Health and Environmental Statistics, North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural
Resources
^Division of Maternal and Child Health, North Carolina E)epartment of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources

No. 73 May 1993
PREGNANCY COMPUCATIONS AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES
ASSOCIATED WITH MATERNAL DIABETES
by
Robert E Meyer, PhD^
Paul A. Buescher, PhD^
Kevin Ryan, MD, MPH^
ABSTRACT
This study examines the risk for maternal complications and adverse outcomes among a cohort of
6,092 diabetic (insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent) and 13,653 nondiabetic gravidas deliver-ing
inNorthCarolina in 1 989-1 990. Data on maternal diabetesand pregnancy outcome wereobtained from
matched live birth and infant death certificates.
Controlling for matemalage, race, education, marital status, parity, smoking, andamount ofprenatal
care, mothers with diabetes were more likely to have had complications of polyhydramnios, pregnancy-induced
hyperter\sion, eclampsia, cephalopelvic disproportion, breech presentation and preterm deliv-ery.
Infants of diabetic mothers were more likely to weigh 4,000 grams or more at delivery and to
experieiKebirth injuryand intrap>artum hypoxemia. Controlling for birth weight, the risk for neonatal and
postneonatal mortality among infents of diabetics v^^as more than two times that of infants whose mothers
were nondiabetic. Congenital malformatior\s accounted for 31.3 percent of the deaths among infants of
diabetic mothers, compared to 11.6 percent of the deaths among infents of nondiabetics.
These findings indicate that diabetes is associated with a wade spectrum of maternal and perinatal
complications. Appropriate preconceptional care, improved prenatal diagnosis, better metabolic control,
and careful obstetric management of mothers with diabetes can substantially reduce the risk for many of
these conditions.
'State Center for Health and Environmental Statistics, North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural
Resources
^Division of Maternal and Child Health, North Carolina E)epartment of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources