The Spread of Buddhism

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Criminology and Criminal Justice. It focuses on progress towards Enlightenment through the course of many lives. The Mahayana Great Way builds on Theravada teachings, but broadens its scope to aim at Enlightenment for all sentient beings as the highest good. The Vajrayana Adamantine Way adds to Theravada and Mahayana the knowledges and practices of tantra , aimed at speedy and efficacious transcendence through unorthodox means. Texts, deities, and practices of the three schools co-exist and commingle in most regions of Asia, and the situation is further complicated by the presence of other religions and belief systems in each locale.

The Book of Han has led to discussions on whether Buddhism first arrived to China via maritime or overland transmission; as well as the origins of Buddhism in India or China. But at night the prison was broken open by a Golden Man, sixteen feet high, who released them. Moved by this miracle, the emperor bowed his head to the ground and excused himself.

Buddhism in India & South-East Asian countries by Benoy K Behl

In 65 CE, Emperor Ming decreed that anyone suspected of capital crimes would be given an opportunity for redemption, and King Ying sent thirty rolls of silk. The biography quotes Ming's edict praising his younger brother:. The king of Chu recites the subtle words of Huanglao, and respectfully performs the gentle sacrifices to the Buddha.

What dislike or suspicion from Our part could there be, that he must repent of his sins? The Buddhist community at Pencheng survived, and around CE, the warlord Zhai Rong built a huge Buddhist temple, "which could contain more than three thousand people, who all studied and read Buddhist scriptures. Apocryphal texts give divergent accounts about the imperial envoys sent to India, their return with two Buddhist monks, Sanskrit sutras including Sutra of Forty-two Chapters carried by white horses, and establishing the White Horse Temple. Since the Book of Later Han present two accounts of how Buddhism entered Han China, generations of scholars have debated whether monks first arrived via the maritime or overland routes of the Silk Road.

The overland route hypothesis, favored by Tang Yongtong, proposed that Buddhism disseminated eastward through Yuezhi and was originally practiced in western China, at the Han capital Luoyang where Emperor Ming established the White Horse Temple c. The view that Buddhism was transmitted to China by the sea route comparatively lacks convincing and supporting materials, and some arguments are not sufficiently rigorous [ After entering into China, Buddhism blended with early Daoism and Chinese traditional esoteric arts and its iconography received blind worship. Zhang Qian noted only that: 'this country is hot and humid.

Buddhism and Its Spread Along the Silk Road

The people ride elephants into battle. As for myself, here is what I have heard: This kingdom is even more flourishing than China.

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The Spread of Buddhism over Asia | Buddhistdoor.

The seasons are in harmony. Saintly beings descend and congregate there. Great Worthies arise there. Strange and extraordinary marvels occur such that human reason is suspended. By examining and exposing the emotions, one can reach beyond the highest heavens. There is a current tradition that Emperor Ming dreamed that he saw a tall golden man the top of whose head was glowing. He questioned his group of advisors and one of them said: "In the West there is a god called Buddha. His body is sixteen chi high 3. Then Ying, the king of Chu [a dependent kingdom which he ruled CE], began to believe in this Practice, following which quite a few people in the Middle Kingdom began following this Path.

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Later on, Emperor Huan [ CE] devoted himself to sacred things and often made sacrifices to the Buddha and Laozi. People gradually began to accept [Buddhism] and, later, they became numerous. Since Han histories do not mention Emperor Ai having contacts with the Yuezhi, scholars disagree whether this tradition "deserves serious consideration", [36] or can be "reliable material for historical research".

They translated the "Sutra in Forty-two Sections" into Chinese, traditionally dated 67 CE but probably later than All accounts of Emperor Ming's dream and Yuezhi embassy derive from the anonymous middle 3rd-century introduction to the Sutra of Forty-two Chapters. In olden days emperor Ming saw in a dream a god whose body had the brilliance of the sun and who flew before his palace; and he rejoiced exceedingly at this. The next day he asked his officials: "What god is this?

Academics disagree over the historicity of Emperor Ming's dream but Tang Yongtong sees a possible nucleus of fact behind the tradition.