Notable insights into the genetic landscape of non-small-cell lung cancer have helped drive improvements in the management of advanced disease. Although traditional treatments tend to be anchored solely in cytotoxic chemotherapy, more recent strategies incorporate targeted therapies for some patients. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements are one of the earliest validated molecular targets in non-small-cell lung cancer. Standard first-line therapy for advanced, ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer is the multitargeted ALK/ROS1/MET inhibitor, crizotinib,1,2 followed by more potent second-generation ALK inhibitors, like ceritinib or alectinib, upon progression.