Emor

by Rabbi Yaakov Menken

"You shall call out on that day, it will be a holy convocation for you...
And when you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not consume the
corners of your field when reaping, and you shall not take the gleanings of
your harvest; you shall abandon them for the poor and the stranger."
[23:22-23]

This is very strange - in the middle of a Torah portion which describes the
holidays of the Jewish calendar, the Torah suddenly takes time out to
provide a single verse discussing the law to leave parts of the harvest for
the poor to collect. It seems utterly out of context.

Rashi, Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki, offers the following from the Talmudic Sages
(in the Sifra): Rav Avdimi, the son of Rabbi Yosef, said: "why did the
Torah see fit to put this [verse about leaving corners and gleanings for
the poor] in the middle of the [verses about the] festivals - Passover and
Shavuos on this side, and Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, and Sukkos on the
other? [It did so in order] to teach you that whoever gives the gleanings,
forgotten sheaves, and corners to the poor, is credited as if he had built
the Temple and offered sacrifices within it."

The Meshech Chochma, Rabbi Meir Simcha HaCohen of Dvinsk, derives another
lesson from this, for the holiday of Shavuous and the counting of the Omer
which precedes it are found in the very same "paragraph", as it were, as
this verse about the corners of the field.

Shavuous itself is just weeks away, the holiday when we will celebrate the
giving of the Torah to the Jewish people. It is the Torah which laid out
for us the Mitzvos, the Commandments which bring us closer to G-d. Rabbi
Meir Simcha says that when we celebrate receiving the Torah, we must
celebrate not only the laws and rituals which would have been completely
unknown to us without it; we must also celebrate the "logical"
commandments, and give thanks to G-d for Mitzvos such as giving charity to
the poor and showing mercy towards the downtrodden.

Rabbi Meir Simcha writes that man, left to his own devices, is liable to
engage in the lowest and most reprehensible forms of behavior when personal
or nationalistic considerations come into the picture. To all the stories
of war, and behavior of the victors towards the men, women, children and
property on the losing side, I would add the following (for the squeamish
to skip): a local talk-show host, a member of the Sons of Confederate
Veterans, described burying recently the jawbone and part of the skull of a
Confederate soldier, which had been removed and taken back to Michigan by a
Union counterpart as a trophy of war, 135 years earlier. One needs no
sympathy for the Confederacy for this to sully the image of the Union as
the pristine force of good.

A famous story, perhaps apocryphal, is told about the philosopher
Aristotle, who was caught behaving in a way that violated his own
carefully-thought-out code of ethics. His response? "Now, I'm not
Aristotle!" When personal desires color one's calculations, a person is
similarly able to descend from his own lofty standards - precisely because
they are merely his own.

"I am the L-rd your G-d" adds an impressive weight to the scales, able to
empower a person, thinking rationally, to retain ingrained values even in
moments of passion. This is, of course, not to say that one always thinks
rationally, but that the realization of the Divine is a powerful force
which pushes us towards good.

Therefore, he says, the holiday of Shavuous is a time when we must thank
G-d even for the Commandments which we ourselves realize are obligatory in
any society - for without the Commandment, who says we would actually do
good?

Good Shabbos!

Rabbi Yaakov Menken

[Parts of this Dvar Torah come from Rabbi Joseph Grunblatt, Rabbi of the
Queens Jewish Center and Professor of Judaic Studies at Touro College. If
you have RealAudio, you can
hear him
speak on Israel's Holiness.]