I am wondering what are some of the "standards" and I use that loosely (as various broadcasters will undoubtedly have different standards), that a videographer needs to incorporate into a video for submission to a local broadcaster for airing??

Hard to say really, as you say, different broadcasters around the world will have differing standards and requirements. Here is what the BBC in the UK expect from delivered product and I expect it might be fairly standard.

Why don't you call and ask them? Local cable access will probably have different minimum requirements than that of your local TV station, which will have different standards from the network, etc. Formats, SD or HD, etc. are driven by market size, network affilition and many other factors.