Prolonged exposure to these temperatures can cause frostbite, hypothermia and even death. Children and the elderly are especially vulnerable to extreme cold.

If traveling in these extreme conditions, you should keep your gas tank at least half-full to prevent the fuel line from freezing up. In addition, you should have an emergency kit that includes a cell phone, charger, jumper cables, warm clothing, food and water.

Pets should be brought indoors as the extreme cold can have adverse effects if they are left outside for a long period of time.

Cattle, especially young calves, should be brought to sheltered areas and given plenty of water.