Communication and Communication Disorders : A Clinical Introduction

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In this current and well-organized text, Plante and Beeson provide an introduction to the field of Communication Disorders that engages students' interests in professional practice and welcomes them into the major. This new EDITION retains the strong introduction to communication processes and disorders of the first EDITION. It is complemented by a focus on clinical illustration of normal and disordered speech, language, and hearing. The text presents a lifespan perspective on disorders from infancy through geriatrics, covering both normal development and disorders. Each chapter reflects insights gained from first-hand clinical, research, and teaching experience across a variety of clinical populations. Throughout the book, professionals in the field address what they find engaging about their careers. The focus of the professions of speech-language pathology and audiology are conveyed through clinical cases, discussion of professional issues, and vignettes of professional interactions in a variety of work settings. This broad-based introduction presents the range of content central to the professions, yet maintains a consistent, easy-to-comprehEND style and unified voice. New to this EDITION: bull; bull;Offers a new order of the chapters so that normal aspects and disordered function are covered in sequence for each of the areas of speech, language, and hearing. bull;Includes a new chapter written by Theodore Glattke, Ph.D., on the biological basis for hearing to provide additional background support for the hearing disorders chapters and to improve the balance of information relevant to speech pathology and audiology. bull;Contains more clinical cases to illustrate the nature of normal development, disorders, and professional practices within the various chapters. bull;Includes new book lists from the popular literature at the END of the disorders chapters. These books include personal accounts of individuals with communication disorders written from various points of view. Better grades are just a click away! Visit our Communication Disorders Supersite at www.ablongman.com/commdisorders.

Preface

vii

About the Authors

viii

Introduction to the Professions of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology

1

(18)

Normal communication

2

(2)

Six individuals with communication impairment

4

(3)

Classification of communication disorders

7

(3)

Careers in communication disorders

10

(8)

Clinical problem solving

18

(1)

References

18

(1)

The Biological Foundations of Speech and Language

19

(20)

The vocal mechanism

21

(7)

The articulatory mechanism

28

(2)

The nervous system

30

(7)

Clinical problem solving

37

(1)

References

37

(2)

Sounds in Communication

39

(22)

Acoustic aspects of sound

40

(6)

The spoken sounds of communication

46

(5)

Speech sound development

51

(8)

Clinical problem solving

59

(1)

References

59

(2)

Disorders of Articulation

61

(36)

Types of articulation errors

62

(2)

Articulation disorders in children

64

(12)

Evaluation of childhood articulation disorders

76

(7)

Articulation therapy for children

83

(4)

Acquired articulation disorders in adults

87

(3)

Augmentative communication systems

90

(3)

Clinical problem solving

93

(1)

References

94

(1)

Readings from the popular literature

95

(2)

Disorders of Fluency

97

(29)

Normal disfluencies versus stuttering

100

(4)

Stuttering in the population

104

(2)

Definitions

106

(1)

Theories of stuttering

107

(5)

Evaluation of developmental stuttering

112

(1)

Stuttering therapy

112

(5)

Other disorders of fluency

117

(4)

Clinical problem solving

121

(1)

References

122

(3)

Readings from the popular literature

125

(1)

Disorders of Voice and Swallowing

126

(23)

Julie Barkmeier

Voice disorders

127

(1)

Voice disorders related to vocal fold tissue changes

128

(6)

Neurological voice disorders

134

(3)

Voice assessment and management

137

(4)

Dysphagia

141

(5)

Clinical problem solving

146

(1)

References

147

(2)

Language

149

(24)

The components of language

150

(6)

Approaches to the study of language acquisition

156

(6)

Language development from sounds to sentences

162

(8)

Clinical problem solving

170

(1)

References

171

(2)

Disorders of Language in Children

173

(34)

Language differences

175

(1)

Early signs of a language disorder

176

(2)

Developmental language disorders

178

(8)

Other disorders that impact language

186

(7)

Evaluation of language disorders

193

(4)

Language therapy

197

(5)

Clinical problem solving

202

(1)

References

202

(4)

Readings from the popular literature

206

(1)

Disorders of Language in Adults

207

(27)

Aphasia

208

(17)

Right-hemisphere communication disorders

225

(2)

Dementia

227

(3)

Clinical problem solving

230

(1)

References

231

(1)

Readings from the popular literature

232

(2)

The Biological Foundations of Hearing

234

(19)

Theodore J. Glattke

Structure and function of the ear

235

(13)

Auditory connections in the brain

248

(3)

Clinical problem solving

251

(1)

References

251

(2)

Disorders of Hearing in Children

253

(34)

Anne Marie Tharpe

Auditory pathologies

258

(9)

Degree of hearing loss and its effect on communication

267

(4)

Audiological testing

271

(7)

Management of children with hearing impairment

278

(5)

Clinical problem solving

283

(1)

References

283

(2)

Readings from the popular literature

285

(2)

Disorders of Hearing in Adults

287

(30)

Linda Norrix

Frances P. Harris

Conductive hearing loss

289

(3)

Sensorineural hearing loss

292

(10)

Mixed hearing loss

302

(1)

Psychosocial impact of hearing loss

303

(1)

Audiological evaluation

304

(3)

Management strategies

307

(6)

Clinical problem solving

313

(1)

References

314

(2)

Readings from the popular literature

316

(1)

Professional Issues

317

(18)

Clinical settings

318

(3)

Interdisciplinary interactions

321

(4)

The professional association: The American speech-language-hearing association