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Science Bowl Information > Science Bowl Information - South West PA Science Bowl Information > Science Bowl Information - South West PA Educational Initiatives Science Bowl Information - Southwestern PA Facebook Visit us on Facebook CLICK ON IMAGE TO SEE LARGER VIEW SWPA SWPA SWPA 2012 SWPA Science Bowl Results Congratulations! North Allegheny High School and Ingomar Middle School The finals for the SWPA Science Bowl were held on March 7th. The winner of the SWPA High School Science Bowl is North Allegheny High School. The winner of the SWPA Middle School Science Bowl is Ingomar Middle School Team 2 from the North Allegheny School District. The final team results are High School: 1st - North Allegheny HS 2nd - Mt. Lebanon HS 3rd - Baldwin HS 4th - Pine-Richland HS Middle School: 1st - Ingomar MS Team 2 (North Allegheny School District)

SYSTRAN has demonstrated success in the MT field with its long history spanning nearly 30 years. As a general-purpose fully automatic MT system, SYSTRAN employs a transfer approach. Among its several components, large, carefully encoded, high-quality dictionaries are critical to SYSTRAN's translation capability. A total of over 2.4 million words and expressions are now encoded in the dictionaries for twelve source language systems (30 language pairs- one per year!). SYSTRAN'S dictionaries, along with its parsers, transfer modules, and generators, have been tested on huge amounts of text, and contain large terminology databases covering various domains and detailed linguistic rules. Using these resources, SYSTRAN MT systems have successfully served practical translation needs for nearly 30 years, and built a reputation in the MT world for their large, mature dictionaries. This paper describes various aspects of SYSTRAN MT dictionary development as an important part of the development and refinement of SYSTRAN MT systems. There are 4 major sections: 1) Role and Importance of Dictionaries in the SYSTRAN Paradigm describes the importance of coverage and depth in the dictionaries; 2) Dictionary Structure discusses the specifics of

THIS THESIS addresses the development of system architectures and circuit topologies for dc-dc power conversion at very high frequencies. The systems architectures that are developed are structured to overcome limitations ...

Embodiments of DC source assemblies of power inverter systems of the type suitable for deployment in a vehicle having an electrically grounded chassis are provided. An embodiment of a DC source assembly comprises a housing, a DC source disposed within the housing, a first terminal, and a second terminal. The DC source also comprises a first capacitor having a first electrode electrically coupled to the housing, and a second electrode electrically coupled to the first terminal. The DC source assembly further comprises a second capacitor having a first electrode electrically coupled to the housing, and a second electrode electrically coupled to the second terminal.

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e e D"E(:pa . EFG (0744 United States Government .;,~&ljy gb' /fq Department of Eneigy memorandum JUN 4 1992 DATE: REPLY TO ATTN OF: EM-421 (W. A. Williams, 903-8149) SUBJECT: Authority Determination -- Springdale, Pennsylvania Former C. H. Schnoor & Company facility, TO: The File The attached review documents the basis for determining whether DOE has authority for taking remedial action at the former C. H. Schnoor & Company facility in Springdale, Pennsylvania, under the Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP). The facility was used for the shaping of uranium by the Manhattan Engineer District (MED) during the Second World War. The following factors are significant in reaching a decision and are discussed in more detail in the attached authority review:

College Area High School From State College, PA Wins DOE's College Area High School From State College, PA Wins DOE's National Science Bowl┬« State College Area High School From State College, PA Wins DOE's National Science Bowl┬« May 1, 2006 - 10:34am Addthis WASHINGTON , DC - State College Area High School from State College, Pennsylvania, today won the Department of Energy's (DOE) National Science Bowl┬«. Teams representing 65 schools from across the United States competed in this "Science Jeopardy" competition, which concluded this afternoon. Members of the winning team include Jason Ma, Ylaine Gerardin, Barry Liu, Galen Lynch, Francois Greer and coach, Julie Gittings. This team won a research trip to France and $1,000 for their school's science department. The answer that clinched the championship was in response to an earth

an increasingly familiar generation source and elec- tronicssource of ancillary services either to buffer local variable generation,sources, e.g. photovoltaic modules (PV), from other direct current (DC) generation,

In this paper, we develop a robust controller for parallel DC-DC converter system by combining the adaptive backstepping technique and decentralised control. The voltages and currents of all converters are coupled with each other. The parallel DC-DC ...

MidAtl PA MidAtl PA Site Consumption million Btu $0 $500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500 $3,000 US MidAtl PA Expenditures dollars ALL ENERGY average per household (excl. transportation) 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 US MidAtl PA Site Consumption kilowatthours $0 $250 $500 $750 $1,000 $1,250 $1,500 US MidAtl PA Expenditures dollars ELECTRICITY ONLY average per household * Pennsylvania households consume an average of 96 million Btu per year, 8% more than the U.S. average. Pennsylvania residents also spend 16% more than the average U.S. households for energy consumed in their homes. * Average electricity consumption in Pennsylvania homes is 10,402 kWh per year, which is lower than the national average, but 58% more than New York households and 17% more than New Jersey residents.

MidAtl PA MidAtl PA Site Consumption million Btu $0 $500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500 $3,000 US MidAtl PA Expenditures dollars ALL ENERGY average per household (excl. transportation) 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 US MidAtl PA Site Consumption kilowatthours $0 $250 $500 $750 $1,000 $1,250 $1,500 US MidAtl PA Expenditures dollars ELECTRICITY ONLY average per household * Pennsylvania households consume an average of 96 million Btu per year, 8% more than the U.S. average. Pennsylvania residents also spend 16% more than the average U.S. households for energy consumed in their homes. * Average electricity consumption in Pennsylvania homes is 10,402 kWh per year, which is lower than the national average, but 58% more than New York households and 17% more than New Jersey residents.

Although conventional transformers are ac, a device that may be termed a dc transformer has been constructed by using superconductors. To provide an understanding of how such a transformer would operate, some of the properties of type I and type II superconductors ...

A system for starting an arc for welding uses three DC power supplies, a high voltage supply for initiating the arc, an intermediate voltage supply for sustaining the arc, and a low voltage welding supply directly connected across the gap after the high voltage supply is disconnected.

A system for starting an arc for welding uses three DC power supplies, a high voltage supply for initiating the arc, an intermediate voltage supply for sustaining the arc, and a low voltage welding supply directly connected across the gap after the high voltage supply is disconnected.

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Washington. DC,20585 Washington. DC,20585 MAY' i 1995 .- The Honorable Freeman R. Bosley, Jr. ' r City Hall 1200 Narket Street St. Louis, Missouri 63103 Dear Mayor Bosley: ,'~ ,. : !' Secretary of Energy Hazel O'Leary'has announced a new approach to'openness'in " the Department of,Energy"(DOE) and its communications with the pu~blic. In 'support of this initiative, we are pleased to forward the enclosed information rel,ated to the former Petrolite Corp. site in your jurisdiction that,performed, work for DDE or,i.ts predecessor agencies. your information, use, and retention. This information is provided for DDE's Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program is responsible for identification of sites used by DDE's predecessor agencies, determining their

' Washington, DC' ' Washington, DC' 20585 The.Honorable Don Trotter, 102' Public Square Clarksville, Tennessee '37040 '_ _' ' Dear Mayor Trotter: '. Secretary of Energy Hazel .O'Leary has announced a new the Department of Energy (DOE) and its communications support of this initiative, we are pleased to forward related to the Clarksville Foundry.& Machine Co. site approach to openness in with the publ,ic'. In " the~enclosed~information in your'jurisdiction that performed work for DOE or its predecessor'agencies. This information. is provided, for.your information, use, and retention. remedial action conservative' set of technical investigations to assure environment. If'you have any questions, please feel free~to call DrI W. Alexander Uilliams 301-427-1719 of my staff.

The Cementitious Barriers Partnership (CBP) is a collaborative program sponsored by the US DOE Office of Waste Processing. The objective of the CBP is to develop a set of computational tools to improve understanding and prediction of the long-term structural, hydraulic, and chemical performance of cementitious barriers and waste forms used in nuclear applications. CBP tools are expected to better characterize and reduce the uncertainties of current methodologies for assessing cementitious barrier performance and increase the consistency and transparency of the assessment process, as the five-year program progresses. In September 2009, entering its second year of funded effort, the CBP sought opportunities to provide near-term tangible support to DOE Performance Assessments (PAs). The Savannah River Saltstone Disposal Facility (SDF) was selected for the initial PA support effort because (1) cementitious waste forms and barriers play a prominent role in the performance of the facility, (2) certain important long-term behaviors of cementitious materials composing the facility are uncertain, (3) review of the SDF PA by external stakeholders is ongoing, and (4) the DOE contractor responsible for the SDF PA is open to receiving technical assistance from the CBP. A review of the current (SRR Closure & Waste Disposal Authority 2009) and prior Saltstone PAs (e.g., Cook et al. 2005) suggested five potential opportunities for improving predictions. The candidate topics considered were (1) concrete degradation from external sulfate attack, (2) impact of atmospheric exposure to concrete and grout before closure, such as accelerated slag and Tc-99 oxidation, (3) mechanistic prediction of geochemical conditions, (4) concrete degradation from rebar corrosion due to carbonation, and (5) early age cracking from drying and/or thermal shrinkage. The candidate topics were down-selected considering the feasibility of addressing each issue within approximately six months, and compatibility with existing CBP expertise and already-planned activities. Based on these criteria, the five original topics were down-selected to two: external sulfate attack and mechanistic geochemical prediction. For each of the selected topics, the CBP communicated with the PA analysts and subject matter experts at Savannah River to acquire input data specific to the Saltstone facility and related laboratory experiments. Simulations and analyses were performed for both topics using STADIUM (SIMCO 2008), LeachXS/ORCHESTRA (ECN 2007, Meeussen 2003), and other software tools. These supplemental CBP analyses produced valuable technical insights that can be used to strengthen the Saltstone PA using the ongoing PA maintenance process. This report in part summarizes key information gleaned from more comprehensive documents prepared by Sarkar et al. (2010), Samson (2010), and Sarkar (2010).

An auxiliary resonant dc tank (ARDCT) converter is provided for achieving soft-switching in a power converter. An ARDCT circuit is coupled directly across a dc bus to the inverter to generate a resonant dc bus voltage, including upper and lower resonant capacitors connected in series as a resonant leg, first and second dc tank capacitors connected in series as a tank leg, and an auxiliary resonant circuit comprising a series combination of a resonant inductor and a pair of auxiliary switching devices. The ARDCT circuit further includes first clamping means for holding the resonant dc bus voltage to the dc tank voltage of the tank leg, and second clamping means for clamping the resonant dc bus voltage to zero during a resonant period. The ARDCT circuit resonantly brings the dc bus voltage to zero in order to provide a zero-voltage switching opportunity for the inverter, then quickly rebounds the dc bus voltage back to the dc tank voltage after the inverter changes state. The auxiliary switching devices are turned on and off under zero-current conditions. The ARDCT circuit only absorbs ripples of the inverter dc bus current, thus having less current stress. In addition, since the ARDCT circuit is coupled in parallel with the dc power supply and the inverter for merely assisting soft-switching of the inverter without participating in real dc power transmission and power conversion, malfunction and failure of the tank circuit will not affect the functional operation of the inverter; thus a highly reliable converter system is expected.

AbstractŚA low-voltage-swing MOSFET gate drive technique is proposed in this paper for enhancing the efficiency characteristics of high-frequency-switching dcľdc converters. The parasitic power dissipation of a dcľdc converter is reduced by lowering the voltage swing of the power transistor gate drivers. A comprehensive circuit model of the parasitic impedances of a monolithic buck converter is presented. Closed-form expressions for the total power dissipation of a low-swing buck converter are proposed. The effect of reducing the MOSFET gate voltage swings is explored with the proposed circuit model. A range of design parameters is evaluated, permitting the development of a design space for full integration of active and passive devices of a low-swing buck converter on the same die, for a target CMOS technology. The optimum gate voltage swing of a power MOSFET that maximizes efficiency is lower than a standard full voltage swing. An efficiency of 88 % at a switching frequency of 102 MHz is achieved for a voltage conversion from 1.8 to 0.9 V with a low-swing dcľdc converter based on a 0.18- m CMOS technology. The power dissipation of a low-swing dcľdc converter is reduced by 27.9 % as compared to a standard full-swing dcľdc converter. Index TermsŚBuck converter, dcľdc converters, enhanced efficiency, high frequency, low power, low swing, monolithic integration, on-chip voltage conversion, parameter optimization, parasitic impedances, power dissipation modeling, power supply, reduced energy dissipation, reduced voltage swing, switching voltage regulator. I.

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Many user facilities such as synchrotron light sources and free electron lasers require accelerating structures that support electric fields of 10-100 MV/m, especially at the start of the accelerator chain where ceramic insulators are used for very high gradient DC guns. These insulators are difficult to manufacture, require long commissioning times, and have poor reliability, in part because energetic electrons bury themselves in the ceramic, creating a buildup of charge and causing eventual puncture. A novel ceramic manufacturing process is proposed. It will incorporate bulk resistivity in the region where it is needed to bleed off accumulated charge caused by highly energetic electrons. This process will be optimized to provide an appropriate gradient in bulk resistivity from the vacuum side to the air side of the HV standoff ceramic cylinder. A computer model will be used to determine the optimum cylinder dimensions and required resistivity gradient for an example RF gun application. A ceramic material example with resistivity gradient appropriate for use as a DC gun insulator will be fabricated by glazing using doping compounds and tested.

>/gGq ' >/gGq ' ,, ' .. Department of Edgy Washington, DC,20585 ,I ' , APR 0 4 1995 The Honorable Patrick Ungaro 26 S. Phelps Street Youngstown, Ohio 44503 .' Dear );layor.Ungaro: Secretary of'Energy Hazel O'Leary has announced a new approach to openness in the Oepartment of Energy (DOE) and its coannunications with the public. In support of this initiative, we are pleased to forward the,enclosed information related to the former Ajax-Hagnethermic C,orp. site in your jurisdiction that performed work for DOE's predecessoragencies. This information is~provided for your information, use, and retention. DOE's Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program is responsible for identificationof sites used by DOE's predecessor agencies, determining their current radiological condition and, where it has authority, performing-

Future scientists advance to national Future scientists advance to national level April 3, 2012 Science Bowl winners represent NM in Washington, D.C. A team from Los Alamos bested 39 other teams from around New Mexico in the 10- hour New Mexico Regional Science Bowl, held recently at Albuquerque Academy. The team went on to represent New Mexico in the 22nd Annual Department of Energy (DOE) National Science Bowl. In addition to their travel expenses, the team also won $5,000 for their school. The team consists of students, Alexander Wang, Micha Ben-Naim, Scott Carlsten, Lorenzo Venneri and Kevin Gao, and Coach, Paolo Venneri. - 2 - Albuquerque Academy took second place and La Cueva High School in Albuquerque placed third in the "Jeopardy!"-style event. During the competition, students are asked

A circuit and method of providing three dc voltage buses and transforming power between a low voltage dc converter and a high voltage dc converter, by coupling a primary dc power circuit and a secondary dc power circuit through an isolation transformer; providing the gating signals to power semiconductor switches in the primary and secondary circuits to control power flow between the primary and secondary circuits and by controlling a phase shift between the primary voltage and the secondary voltage. The primary dc power circuit and the secondary dc power circuit each further comprising at least two tank capacitances arranged in series as a tank leg, at least two resonant switching devices arranged in series with each other and arranged in parallel with the tank leg, and at least one voltage source arranged in parallel with the tank leg and the resonant switching devices, said resonant switching devices including power semiconductor switches that are operated by gating signals. Additional embodiments having a center-tapped battery on the low voltage side and a plurality of modules on both the low voltage side and the high voltage side are also disclosed for the purpose of reducing ripple current and for reducing the size of the components.

Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) require high power density energy storage system (ESS) for hybrid operation and high energy density ESS for Electric Vehicle (EV) mode range. However, ESS technologies to maximize power density and energy density simultaneously are not commercially feasible. The use of bi-directional DC-DC converter allows use of multiple energy storage, and the flexible DC-link voltages can enhance the system efficiency and reduce component sizing. This will improve fuel consumption, increase the EV mode range, reduce the total weight, reduce battery initial and life cycle cost, and provide flexibility in system design.

Over the past century, glaciers throughout the tropics have predominately retreated. These small glaciers, which respond quickly to climate changes, are becoming increasingly important in understanding glacier-climate interactions. The glaciers on Mt. Jaya in Irian Jaya, Indonesia are the last remaining tropical glaciers in the Western Pacific region. Although considerable research exists investigating the climatic factors most affecting tropical glacier mass balance, extensive research on the Mt. Jaya glaciers has been lacking since the early 1970s. Using IKONOS satellite images, the ice extents of the Mt. Jaya glaciers in 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005 were mapped. The mapping indicates that the recessional trend which began in the mid-19th century has continued. Between 1972 (Allison, 1974; Allison and Peterson, 1976) and 2000, the glaciers lost approximately 67.6% of their area, representing a reduction in surface ice area from 7.2 km2 to 2.35 km2. From 2000 to 2005, the glaciers lost an additional 0.54 km2, representing approximately 24% of the 2000 area. Rates of ice loss, calculated from area measurements for the Mt. Jaya glaciers in 1942, 1972, 1987, and 2005, indicate that ice loss on Mt. Jaya has increased during each subsequent period. Preliminary modeling, using 600 hPa atmospheric temperature, specific humidity, wind speeds, surface precipitation, and radiation values, acquired from the NCEP Reanalysis dataset, indicates that the only climate variable having a statistically-significant change with a magnitude great enough to strongly affect ice loss on these glaciers was an increase in the mean monthly atmospheric temperature of 0.24├?┬░C between 1972 and 1987. However, accelerated ice loss occurring from 1988-2005 without large observed changes in the weather variables indicates that a more complex explanation may be required. Small, though statistically-significant changes were found in regional precipitation, with precipitation decreasing from 1972-1987 and increasing from 1988-2005. While, individually, these changes were not of sufficient magnitude to have greatly affected ice loss on these glaciers, increased precipitation along with a rising freezing level may have resulted in a greater proportion of the glacier surface being affected by rain. This may account for the increased recession rate observed in the latter period.

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The objective of this grant was to further the development of MontanaÔ??s vast wind resources for small, medium, and large scale benefits to Montana and the nation. This was accomplished through collaborative work with wind industry representatives, state and local governments, the agricultural community, and interested citizens. Through these efforts MT Dept Environmental Quality (DEQ) was able to identify development barriers, educate and inform citizens, as well as to participate in regional and national dialogue that will spur the development of wind resources. The scope of DEQÔ??s wind outreach effort evolved over the course of this agreement from the development of the Montana Wind Working Group and traditional outreach efforts, to the current focus on working with the stateÔ??s university system to deliver a workforce trained to enter the wind industry.

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Ground Magnetics At Marysville Mt Area (Blackwell) Ground Magnetics At Marysville Mt Area (Blackwell) Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Activity: Ground Magnetics At Marysville Mt Area (Blackwell) Exploration Activity Details Location Marysville Mt Area Exploration Technique Ground Magnetics Activity Date Usefulness not useful DOE-funding Unknown Notes A ground magnetic survey located no anomaly with an amplitude of more than 20 or 30 gammas that could be associated with the thermal anomaly, however the magnetic data did outline the Cretaceous stock in great detail and allow the removal from the gravity field of the effect of the stock. References D. D. Blackwell (Unknown) Exploration In A Blind Geothermal Area Near Marysville, Montana, Usa Retrieved from "http://en.openei.org/w/index.php?title=Ground_Magnetics_At_Marysville_Mt_Area_(Blackwell)&oldid=389390"

A DC-DC converter capable of generating outputs of 100 KV without a transformer comprises a silicon opening switch (SOS) diode connected to allow a charging current from a capacitor to flow into an inductor. When a specified amount of charge has flowed through the SOS diode, it opens up abruptly; and the consequential collapsing field of the inductor causes a voltage and current reversal that is steered into a load capacitor by an output diode. A switch across the series combination of the capacitor, inductor, and SOS diode closes to periodically reset the SOS diode by inducing a forward-biased current.

A DC-DC converter capable of generating outputs of 100 KV without a transformer comprises a silicon opening switch (SOS) diode connected to allow a charging current from a capacitor to flow into an inductor. When a specified amount of charge has flowed through the SOS diode, it opens up abruptly; and the consequential collapsing field of the inductor causes a voltage and current reversal that is steered into a load capacitor by an output diode. A switch across the series combination of the capacitor, inductor, and SOS diode closes to periodically reset the SOS diode by inducing a forward-biased current. 1 fig.

Power Calc PaK Power Calc PaK Power Calc PaK logo Power Calc PaK is smart electrical engineering software with a proprietary database. With just 3 inputs (load kVA, load type, and number of poles), it automatically calculates, and recalculates for changes (upstream and downstream), the entire power distribution system in a building providing more than 300 outputs that are compliant with the National Electrical Code (NEC). Power Calc PaK is a patent-protected innovation (covered by U.S. Patent No. 7,636,650). One bundled calculation integrates all the outputs across all the panelboards and equipment worksheets required for the power distribution system from the branch circuit to the electrical service. A few highlights are: 3 inputs for 300 NEC-compliant outputs; ends tedious and repetitive

programs to which it gave almost always global solutions and proved to be more robust ... In this paper, we consider DC programming with subanalytic data. .... open ball with the center x ? Rn and radius ? > 0 is denoted by B(x, ?); while the unit ... and C ? Rn is a nonempty convex set, we can equivalently transform it into a.

About BatPaC About BatPaC The starting point for this work is based on the decades of battery design work headed by Paul Nelson at Argonne National Laboratory. These design models were based in Microsoft Office Excel┬« resulting in a flexible and straightforward format. The current effort builds on this previous experience by adding a manufacturing cost calculation as well as increasing the fidelity of the performance calculations all while maintaining efficient calculations (e.g. fractions of a second). The cost of a battery will change depending upon the materials chemistry, battery design, and manufacturing process. Therefore, it is necessary to account for all three areas with a bottom-up cost model. Other bottom-up cost models exist but are not generally available and have not been explicitly detailed in a public document. The motivation for our approach is based on a need for a battery performance and cost model that meets the following requirements:

A technical and economic feasibility study of HVDC systems without converter transformers is presented. The presentation includes proposed solutions to the drawback related to the absence of galvanic separation between the ac and dc systems, if the converter transformers are eliminated. The results show that HVDC systems without converter transformers are both technically and economically feasible. The cost savings can be substantial.

A power generation system configured to provide direct current (DC) power to a DC link is described. The system includes a first power generation unit configured to output DC power. The system also includes a first DC to DC converter comprising an input section and an output section. The output section of the first DC to DC converter is coupled in series with the first power generation unit. The first DC to DC converter is configured to process a first portion of the DC power output by the first power generation unit and to provide an unprocessed second portion of the DC power output of the first power generation unit to the output section.

Mt Area (Blackwell) Mt Area (Blackwell) Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Activity: Field Mapping At Marysville Mt Area (Blackwell) Exploration Activity Details Location Marysville Mt Area Exploration Technique Field Mapping Activity Date Usefulness useful DOE-funding Unknown Notes Geologic mapping has outlined a structure which may be a partial control on the high heat flow. The Cretaceous intrusive (outlined by the magnetic data) and the heat flow anomaly occupy a broad dome in the Precambrian rocks, the stock outcropping in the northwest portion of the dome, and the heat flow anomaly restricted to the southwest portion of the dome. References D. D. Blackwell (Unknown) Exploration In A Blind Geothermal Area Near Marysville, Montana, Usa

Aerosol optical depth measurements based on the attenuation of direct solar radiation before and after the six major explosive eruptions of Mt. St. Helens during 1980 are presented. These automated measurements are from a site 200 km mostly cut ...

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Resistivity Imaging For Geothermal Resource Assessment And Resistivity Imaging For Geothermal Resource Assessment And Environmental Mitigation At The Glass Mountain Kgra, California Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Conference Paper: 3D Mt Resistivity Imaging For Geothermal Resource Assessment And Environmental Mitigation At The Glass Mountain Kgra, California Details Activities (3) Areas (2) Regions (0) Abstract: MT and TDEM surveys acquired in 2005 were integrated with existing MT and TDEM data recovered from obsolete formats to characterize the geometry of the geothermal reservoir. An interpretation based on the correlation of the 3D MT resistivity with well properties indicated that most of the previous exploration wells had been tarted close to but not in the center of areas tha appeared most likely to be permeable. Such

A set A is Martin-Lof random iff the class fAg does not have \\Sigma 1 -measure 0. A set A is PA-complete if one can compute relative to A a consistent and complete extension of Peano Arithmetic. It is shown that every Martin-Lof random set either permits to solve the halting problem K or is not PA-complete. This result implies a negative answer to the question of Ambos-Spies and Kucera whether there is a Martin-Lof random set not above K which is also PA-complete.

Catalog of DC Appliances and Power Systems Catalog of DC Appliances and Power Systems Title Catalog of DC Appliances and Power Systems Publication Type Report LBNL Report Number LBNL-5364E Year of Publication 2011 Authors Garbesi, Karina, Vagelis Vossos, and Hongxia Shen Document Number LBNL-5364E Date Published October Publisher Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Abstract This document catalogs the characteristics of current and potential future direct current (DC) products and power systems. It is part of a larger U.S. Department of Energy-funded project, "Direct-DC Power Systems for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Integration with a Residential and Small Commercial Focus". That project is investigating the energy-savings potential, benefits, and barriers of using DC generated by on-site renewable energy systems directly in its DC form, rather than converting it first to alternating current (AC) for distribution to loads. Two related reports resulted from this work: this Catalog and a companion report that addresses direct-DC energy savings in U.S. residential buildings.Interest in 'direct-DC' is motivated by a combination of factors: the very rapid increase in residential and commercial photovoltaic (PV) power systems in the United States; the rapid expansion in the current and expected future use of energy efficient products that utilize DC power internally; the demonstrated energy savings of direct-DC in commercial data centers; and the current emergence of direct-DC power standards and products designed for grid-connected residential and commercial products. Based on an in-depth study of DC appliances and power systems, we assessed off-grid markets for DC appliances, the DC compatibility of mainstream electricity end-uses, and the emerging mainstream market for direct-DC appliances and power systems.

The environmental effects of dc overhead transmission lines are examined. The major effects of ac and dc transmission lines are compared. Dc lines have advantages compared to ac lines in terms of electrical safety for people under the lines, biological effects, corona losses, and clearance width.

An increasing number of appliances now operate on DC and providing uninterrupted power supply (UPS) to them through outages requires two conversions: first from an energy store, typically a DC battery, to AC mains and then from AC mains to the DC input ... Keywords: DC picogrid, conversion losses, power source identification

This work presents a High-Voltage Low-Power CMOS DC-DC buck regulator for automotive applications. The overall system, including the high and low voltage analog devices, the power MOS and the low voltage digital devices, was realized in the Austriamicrosystems ... Keywords: DC-DC regulator, buck converter, current control, low quiscent current, pulse frequency modulation

Palmetto Clean Energy (PaCE) Program Palmetto Clean Energy (PaCE) Program Palmetto Clean Energy (PaCE) Program < Back Eligibility Agricultural Commercial Industrial Institutional Local Government Nonprofit Residential Schools State Government Savings Category Bioenergy Biofuels Alternative Fuel Vehicles Buying & Making Electricity Solar Home Weatherization Water Wind Program Info State South Carolina Program Type Performance-Based Incentive Rebate Amount Varies by technology and customer demand for Palmetto Clean Energy (PaCE) Provider South Carolina Energy Office '''''Note: For a limited time, generators of 6 kilowatts or less of renewable energy can now take advantage of a premium $0.10 per kilowatt hour. This premium is available on a first-come-first-serve basis to generators of solar, wind, hydro or biomass-based electricity.'''''

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d-a4cb-440c-b8dc-7fea4c4dc573 d-a4cb-440c-b8dc-7fea4c4dc573 No revision has been approved for this page. It is currently under review by our subject matter experts. Jump to: navigation, search Loading... 1. Basic Information 2. Demand 3. Energy << Previous 1 2 3 Next >> Basic Information Utility name: City of Escanaba, Michigan (Utility Company) Effective date: 2012/07/01 End date if known: Rate name: Suburban Water Heating Energy Rate Commercial Sector: Commercial Description: To any customer for separately metered controlled water heating, subject to such wiring rules and regulations as are established by the utility. For as long as the City has costs associated with the ownership of the power plant, these costs shall be recovered through the following power plant cost adjustment factor:$0.01000 for all kWh, all service classes. State of Michigan P.A. 295, of Public Acts 2008, commonly referred to as the Clean, Renewable and Efficient Energy Act mandates the electric utility collect the following charges from each electric utility customer: Commercial $0.00200/kWh. The sum of these charges is reflected in adjustments to the energy charge.

Mt. Wachusett Community College Makes Huge Investment in Wind Power Mt. Wachusett Community College Makes Huge Investment in Wind Power Mt. Wachusett Community College Makes Huge Investment in Wind Power March 14, 2011 - 1:14pm Addthis Mount Wachusett Community College staff Bill Swift, Bob LaBonte, Norm Boudreau, George Couillard and Vestas trainer Bill Fulkerson about to ascend the MWCC north wind turbine | Photo courtesy of GreenOnGreenStreet Mount Wachusett Community College staff Bill Swift, Bob LaBonte, Norm Boudreau, George Couillard and Vestas trainer Bill Fulkerson about to ascend the MWCC north wind turbine | Photo courtesy of GreenOnGreenStreet Mark Higgins Operations Supervisor, Wind & Water Power Technologies Office What will this project do? The turbines are expected to provide an annual savings of approximately $700,000 based on the area's current utility rates.

Ordnance Works - PA 32 Ordnance Works - PA 32 FUSRAP Considered Sites Site: Pennsylvania Ordnance Works (PA.32 ) Designated Name: Alternate Name: Location: Evaluation Year: Site Operations: Site Disposition: Radioactive Materials Handled: Primary Radioactive Materials Handled: Radiological Survey(s): Site Status: This site is one of a group of 77 FUSRAP considered sites for which few, if any records are available in their respective site files to provide an historical account of past operations and their relationship, if any, with MED/AEC operations. Reviews of contact lists, accountable station lists, health and safety records and other documentation of the period do not provide sufficient information to warrant further search of historical records for information on these sites. These site files remain "open" to

P.A. Capdau Charter School P.A. Capdau Charter School P.A. Capdau Charter School August 8, 2007 - 3:16pm Addthis Prepared Remarks for Secretary Bodman Thank you, Principal Mitchell, for your kind introduction. I am glad to be back here in New Orleans to witness the tremendous progress all of you have made after the devastating events of two years ago. I am here not only to commend your efforts but also to state my commitment and the Department of Energy's commitment to the continued rebuilding effort. With great challenges come great opportunities. While there are tangible losses to grieve over when such devastation occurs, the resilient American spirit also finds unique ways to maximize any positive impact. In this case, the chance to rebuild much of the physical infrastructure that has

County of Chester STATE: PA County of Chester STATE: PA PROJECT EECBG - Chester County (PA) Installation of Cool Roof at Coatesville District Court TITLE: Funding Opportunity Announcement Number Procurement Instrument Number NEPA Control Number cm Number DE-FOA0000013 EE0000932 GFO-O000932-003 Based on my review of the information concerning the proposed action, as NEPA Compliance Officer (authorized under DOE Order 451.1A), I have made the following determination: CX, EA, EIS APPENDIX AND NUMBER: Description: 85.1 Actions to conserve energy. demonstrate potential energy conservation. and promote energy-efficiency that do not increase the indoor concentrations of potentially harmful substances. These actions may involve financial and technical assistance to individuals (such as builders, owners, consultants, designers), organizations (such as utilities), and state

DC Distribution: The Power To Change Buildings DC Distribution: The Power To Change Buildings Speaker(s): Brian Patterson Dennis Symanski Liang Downey Date: July 14, 2011 - 12:00pm Location: 90-3122 Seminar Host/Point of Contact: Chris Marnay This seminar presents an overview of the effort to create new applications standards to drive the distribution and use of native direct current (dc) in net zero energy commercial and residential buildings. From the early days of electric power generation, distribution and use there's been a debate over which form of power, AC or DC, is best. Edison set the stage for this argument in the late 1800's with his invention of DC powered lighting systems. Tesla's system of AC dynamos, transformers and motors all but stopped the growing use of DC by the turn of the century. With the

This article is a case history of the installation of active dc filters for high-performance, low-cost harmonics filtering at the Lindome converter station in the Konti-Skan 2 HVDC transmission link between Denmark and Sweden. The topics of the article include harmonics, interference, and filters, Lindome active dc filter, active dc filter design, digital signal processor, control scheme, protection and fault monitoring, and future applications.

The use of radio-frequency (RF) amplifier topologies in dc/dc power converters allows the operating frequency to be increased by more than two orders of magnitude over the frequency of conventional converters. This enables ...

This thesis presents a new topology for a high efficiency dc/dc resonant power converter that utilizes a resistance compression network to provide simultaneous zero voltage switching and near zero current switching across ...

High frequency power conversion is attractive for the opportunities it affords for improved performance. Dc-dc converters operating at high frequencies use smaller-valued energy storage elements, which tend to be physically ...

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A new flow-control system (FCS-705) has been developed at Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science. The system is intended for calibration of vacuum gauges in the pressure range of 1 Pa-133 Pa by comparison method. This paper describes some basic characteristics of the system including; (1) the design and construction of the system, (2) the generation of stable pressures in the chamber, (3) achieving high upstream pressure limit by installing a short duct in the by-pass pumping line, and (4) investigation of the gas flow regimes within the short duct.

A high voltage DC power supply having a first series resistor at the output for limiting current in the event of a short-circuited output, a second series resistor for sensing the magnitude of output current, and a voltage divider circuit for providing a source of feedback voltage for use in voltage regulation is disclosed. The voltage divider circuit is coupled to the second series resistor so as to compensate the feedback voltage for a voltage drop across the first series resistor. The power supply also includes a pulse-width modulated control circuit, having dual clock signals, which is responsive to both the feedback voltage and a command voltage, and also includes voltage and current measuring circuits responsive to the feedback voltage and the voltage developed across the second series resistor respectively. 7 figs.

jpfl.3%2' jpfl.3%2' ) .,Departhent of Eikrgj! : Washington, DC~ZO585 .-, , , Lf; I: ~.1,' .Yj4 , The Honorable Louis Barlup 55 ,E. Main Street Waynesboro;,Pennsy,lvania 17268 '~ Dear Mayor Barl,up:' Secretary of Energy Hazel O'Leary has'announced' a new approach to openness,in the Department of Energy-(DOE) and its communications with the public. In support-of this initiative, we are pleased.to forward the enclosed information related to the former Landis Machine Tool Co. site in your jurisdiction that performed work for DOE or its predecessor agencies. This information:is provided for your information< use, and retention. DOE's Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program is responsible for identification of sites used by DOE's predecessor agencies, determining their

Birdsboro Steel and Foundry Co - PA Birdsboro Steel and Foundry Co - PA 31 FUSRAP Considered Sites Site: Birdsboro Steel and Foundry Co. (PA.31 ) Eliminated from further consideration under FUSRAP Designated Name: Not Designated Alternate Name: Birdsboro Steel Foundry & Machine Company PA.31-1 Location: Birdsboro , Pennsylvania PA.31-1 Evaluation Year: 1987 PA.31-2 Site Operations: Designed and developed metal fabrication facilities installed at the AEC Feed Materials Production Center at Fernald, Ohio; no information on metal fabrication at Birdsboro, although the site received small quantities of uranium metal - presumably for testing purposes. PA.31-2 PA.31-3 Site Disposition: Eliminated - Limited scope of activities and quantity of radioactive material used at the site suggest that the potential for residual radioactive material at the site is remote PA.31-2

Designation Survey - Palmerton, Pa. Ore Storage Site Designation Survey - Palmerton, Pa. Ore Storage Site William Bibb Oak Ridge Operations Office Based on the information furnished in Aerospace's Review of the.subject site (Attachment 1) and the ORKL/RASA (Attachment 2), it Is requested that designation survey of the Palmerton Ore Storage Pennsylvania. The survey should be detailed to and subsurface data to make up for the lack of the previous AEC surveys and in keeping with ORNL/RASA group should furnish a draft survey approval prior to conducting any survey activities. If there are any questions, please call Edward DeLaney 04 FTS 253-4716. Arthur J. Whitman / '/ Division of Facility and Site ' Deconrnissioning P,rojects Office of Nuclear Energy : 2 Attachments I bee: I E. Keller, OR, w/attachs:

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Area (Blackwell) Area (Blackwell) Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Activity: Micro-Earthquake At Marysville Mt Area (Blackwell) Exploration Activity Details Location Marysville Mt Area Exploration Technique Micro-Earthquake Activity Date Usefulness not indicated DOE-funding Unknown Notes A seismic ground noise was carried out but the ground noise in the anomaly area (and the surrounding region) was extremely low, approximately 4 orders of magnitude below that observed in the geothermal areas in the Salton Sea between 1-10 Hz (in units of power density). Because of this very low background noise the micro-earthquake survey was possible with instrument gains well in excess of a million. Regional micro-earthquake activity was located within about 15 km of the geothermal area but no micro-earthquakes

For this demonstration assessment, 10 different groups of LED luminaires were installed at three sites in Philadelphia, PA. Each of the three sites represented a different set of conditions, most importantly with regard to the incumbent HPS luminaires, which were nominally 100 W, 150 W, and 250 W. The performance of each product was evaluated based on manufacturer data, illuminance calculations, field measurements of illuminance, and the subjective impressions of both regular and expert observers.

3 Aerial view of Washington D.C. 3 Aerial view of Washington D.C. News From the D.C. Office The federal government is the largest single purchaser in the world for many energy-related products. Federal buying power-along with that of state and local agencies-represents a largely untapped resource to increase the energy efficiency of consumer products and commercial equipment. LBL is helping the DOE Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) develop and lead a government-wide initiative to capture this market-transforming opportunity. Jeff Harris and others in LBL's D.C. office are heading FEMP's efforts to identify how future federal purchases can be more energy-efficient. The U.S. government spends more than $70 billion a year to purchase supplies and equipment, of which an estimated $10-20 billion are energy-

This report documents a field demonstration performed at Bowling Green State University (BGSU) as part of an Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) research project on improving the economics of photovoltaic (PV) power generation with innovative direct current (dc) applications. Unlike conventional dc uses for PV energy, this project aimed to demonstrate the powering of specific loads in grid-connected buildings without interference to the ac distribution system or other building loads.

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Babcock and Wilcox Co - PA 18 Babcock and Wilcox Co - PA 18 FUSRAP Considered Sites Site: Babcock and Wilcox Co (PA 18) Eliminated from further consideration under FUSRAP Designated Name: Not Designated Alternate Name: Tubular Products Division PA.18-1 Location: Beaver Falls , Pennsylvania PA.18-1 Evaluation Year: 1990 PA.18-1 Site Operations: Performed development work to pierce uranium billets for extrusion to tubes. No indication that the piercing operation was conducted. PA.18-1 Site Disposition: Eliminated - No indication that the metal fabrication (piercing) operation was conducted on this site. Records indicate small radiation sources were used on the site. Potential for residual radioactive contamination considered remote due to the limited quantities of material handled on the site. PA.18-3

In this paper, an overview of DC micro-grid is described, which includes the status of DC micro-grid protection and its future development. The paper presents the key techniques of DC micro-grid protection. So far, standards, guidelines and techniques ... Keywords: DC micro-grid, protection, protective devices, structures, technological gaps

Washington, DC has a unique urban form that is the result of a century-old law. Through the narrow lens of DC's height limit, I survey a range of topics related to urban height, starting with a review of its history of ...

High School Science Bowl High School Science Bowl The U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE/NETL), and the Community College of Allegheny County (CCAC), South Campus, would like to invite you to participate in one of the premier scientific events for high school students, the Southwestern Pennsylvania High School Science Bowl 2010 on February 20, 2010. This will be NETL's 19th year sponsoring the high school competition. There is a change this year in the registration process from past years, all teams who are registering to complete, must do so through the National Science Bowl website by January 7, 2010. For those who are not familiar with the Science Bowl here are some highlights: The competition is open to high school students (school, scouts, home school) from Southwestern Pennsylvania (SW PA). Complete eligibility requirements are located at the National Science Bowl website.

A new configuration of DC motor/generator is based on a Halbach array of permanent magnets. This motor does not use ferrous materials so that the only losses are winding losses and losses due to bearings and windage. An ``inside-out`` design is used as compared to a conventional motor/generator design. The rotating portion, i.e., the rotor, is on the outside of the machine. The stationary portion, i.e., the stator, is formed by the inside of the machine. The rotor contains an array of permanent magnets that provide a uniform field. The windings of the motor are placed in or on the stator. The stator windings are then ``switched`` or ``commutated`` to provide a DC motor/generator much the same as in a conventional DC motor. The commutation can be performed by mechanical means using brushes or by electronic means using switching circuits. The invention is useful in electric vehicles and adjustable speed DC drives. 17 figs.

A new configuration of DC motor/generator is based on a Halbach array of permanent magnets. This motor does not use ferrous materials so that the only losses are winding losses and losses due to bearings and windage. An "inside-out" design is used as compared to a conventional motor/generator design. The rotating portion, i.e., the rotor, is on the outside of the machine. The stationary portion, i.e., the stator, is formed by the inside of the machine. The rotor contains an array of permanent magnets that provide a uniform field. The windings of the motor are placed in or on the stator. The stator windings are then "switched" or "commutated" to provide a DC motor/generator much the same as in a conventional DC motor. The commutation can be performed by mechanical means using brushes or by electronic means using switching circuits. The invention is useful in electric vehicles and adjustable speed DC drives.

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The goal of this project is to develop and fabricate a 5kW dc-dc converter with a baseline 14V output capability for fuel cell and hybrid vehicles. The major objectives for this dc-dc converter technology are to meet: Higher efficiency (92%); High coolant temperature,e capability (105 C); High reliability (15 Years/150,000miles); Smaller volume (5L); Lower weight (6kg); and Lower cost ($75/kW). The key technical challenge for these converters is the 105 C coolant temperatures. The power switches and magnetics must be designed to sustain these operating temperatures reliably, without a large cost/mass/volume penalty.

A power distribution scheme based on the use of on-board DC-DC converters is proposed to efficiently distribute power to the on-detector electronics of SLHC trackers. A comparative analysis of different promising converter topologies is presented, leading to the choice of a magneticbased buck converter as a first conversion stage followed by an on-chip switched capacitors converter. An overall efficiency above 80% is estimated for the practical implementation proposed.

EPRI developed a fact charging technology for electric vehicles based on a solid state transformer technology known as the Intelligent Universal Transformer (IUT). The IUT technology replaces both the independent power conversion units as well as the conventional transformer with a single interface system which can be used for fast charging of electric vehicles. The versatility of the IUT provides an intermediate DC bus voltage at the 400-V level that can be directly used for a DC distribution ...

The delivery of power is considered to be one of the major challenges for the upgrade of the CMS silicon strip tracker for SLHC. The inevitable increase in granularity and complexity of the device is expected to result in a power consumption comparable or even higher than the power consumption of todays' strip tracker. However, the space available for cables will remain the same. In addition, a further increase of the tracker material budget due to cables and cooling is considered inacceptable, as the performance of the CMS detector must not be compromised for the upgrade. Novel powering schemes such as serial powering or usage of DC-DC converters have been proposed to solve the problem. To test the second option, substructures of the current CMS silicon strip tracker have been operated for the first time with off-the-shelf DC-DC buck converters as well as with first prototypes of custom-designed DC-DC converters. The tests are described and the results are discussed.

: In this lab we will develop and validate a basic model of a permanent magnet DC motor (Yaskawa Electric MINI'll discuss a permanent magnet DC motor whose stator consists of a permanent magnet. In this case, we can take in the empty blocks. Figure 2: A block diagram of a permanent magnet DC motor. Prelab Questions: 1) From your

99-90dc-4b12-a937-bc3c29638f2d 99-90dc-4b12-a937-bc3c29638f2d No revision has been approved for this page. It is currently under review by our subject matter experts. Jump to: navigation, search Loading... 1. Basic Information 2. Demand 3. Energy << Previous 1 2 3 Next >> Basic Information Utility name: Mt Carmel Public Utility Co Effective date: End date if known: Rate name: Residential Sector: Residential Description: AVAILABILITY Available for any customer for Company's standard service for residential purposes. Where a residence and business are combined in one premise, the service classification shall be determined by the predominant electric use at the premise. Source or reference: http://www.mtcpu.com/includes/tariff_electric.htm?t=Residential_Electric_Service Source Parent:

A constant-frequency peak current mode synchronous step-down DC-DC controller integrated circuit has been designed with adaptive dead-time control. The adaptive dead-time control circuitry is implemented as digital ...

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This paper presents a fully integrated on-chip switched-capacitor (SC) DC-DC converter that supports two regulated power supply voltages of 2.2V and 3.2V from 5V input supply and delivers the maximum load currents up to 8mA at both of the outputs. The ... Keywords: dc-dc converter, dual output, switched-capacitor

11 Federal Register 11 Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 122 / Friday, June 24, 2011 / Notices 888 First Street, NE., Washington, DC 20426. The filings in the above-referenced proceeding are accessible in the Commission's eLibrary system by clicking on the appropriate link in the above list. They are also available for review in the Commission's Public Reference Room in Washington, DC. There is an eSubscription link on the Web site that enables subscribers to receive e-mail notification when a document is added to a subscribed docket(s). For assistance with any FERC Online service, please e-mail FERCOnlineSupport@ferc.gov or call (866) 208-3676 (toll free). For TTY, call (202) 502-8659. Dated: June 20, 2011. Kimberly D. Bose, Secretary. [FR Doc. 2011-15859 Filed 6-23-11; 8:45 am]

Multiterminal HVDC systems present challenges in the specification and design of suitable dc side filtering. This document examines the existing experience and addresses the particular technical problems posed by multiterminal systems. The filtering requirements of small taps are discussed, as is the potential use of active filters. Aspects of calculation and design are considered and recommendations made to guide the planners and designers of future multiterminal schemes.

COALITION ON NUCLEAR POWER Phone/Fax: 814-237-3900 433 COALITION ON NUCLEAR POWER Phone/Fax: 814-237-3900 433 Orlando Avenue, State College, PA 16803 e-mail: johnsrud@csrlink.net January 29, 1998 U.S. Department of Energy Office of General Counsel CC-52 RE: 62 FR 68272 1000 Independence Avenue SW Price-Anderson Act Washington, D.C. 20585 Dear Madam or Sir: We have just been notified of the December 31, 1997, Federal Register Notice of opportunity for public comment on the Price-Anderson Act (PAA). Please accept for the Department's record in this matter the following comments submitted by the Pennsylvania-based Environmental Coalition on Nuclear Power (ECNP), a not-for-profit public-interest citizens' organization that has been actively involved in a broad range of nuclear energy and radioactive waste issues since

Shortly after the beginning of the twentieth century, dc power transmission was replaced by ac in order to achieve efficient transmission of electric power over long distances with available conductors and at safe distribution voltages. However, dc power was not completely abandoned, and the advent of solid-state power electronic ac-to-dc conversion equipment has reinvigorated its application. High-voltage dc power is more desirable for long-range transmission than ac in many ways: dc uses two wires rath...

System planners have grown more interest in the prospect of converting ac transmission lines to dc as transfer constraints become more severe and they increasingly recognize dc as a means to improve ac system performance. Two factors have influenced the economic case for conversion. The first is development of a new (tripole) dc configuration that allows dc to make full use of all three ac phase positions without the need for earth return. The second is the realization that converting an ac line to dc ma...

Washington DC Washington DC Energy Incentive Programs, Washington DC October 29, 2013 - 11:29am Addthis Updated August 2013 What public-purpose-funded energy efficiency programs are available in the District of Columbia? In 2008, the Council of the District of Columbia passed the Clean and Affordable Energy Act (CAEA), establishing the DC Sustainable Energy Utility (DC SEU), whose mission is to provide energy assistance to low-income residents and support energy efficiency and renewable energy programs. The DC SEU, funded by the Sustainable Energy Trust Fund (also created by the CAEA) and under contract to the District Department of the Environment (DDOE), helps District residents, businesses, and institutions save energy and money. The DC SEU provides comprehensive energy services to targeted, prioritized

In this thesis analysis and design of a wide input range DC-DC converter is proposed along with a robust power control scheme. The proposed converter and its control is designed to be compatible to a fuel cell power source, which exhibits 2:1 voltage variation as well as a slow transient response. The proposed approach consists of two stages: a primary three-level boost converter stage cascaded with a high frequency, isolated boost converter topology, which provides a higher voltage gain and isolation from the input source. The function of the first boost converter stage is to maintain a constant voltage at the input of the cascaded DC-DC converter to ensure optimal performance characteristics with high efficiency. At the output of the first boost converter a battery or ultracapacitor energy storage is connected to take care of the fuel cell slow transient response (200 watts/min). The robust features of the proposed control system ensure a constant output DC voltage for a variety of load fluctuations, thus limiting the power being delivered by the fuel cell during a load transient. Moreover, the proposed configuration simplifies the power control management and can interact with the fuel cell controller. The simulation results and the experimental results confirm the feasibility of the proposed system.

MT3D.REV1 is a non-interactive computer program written in FORTRAN to do 3-dimensional magnetotelluric modeling. A 3-D volume integral equation has been adapted to simulate the MT response of a 3D body in the earth. An integro-difference scheme has been incorporated to increase the accuracy. This is a user's guide for MT3D.REV1 on the University of Utah Research Institute's (UURI) PRIME 400 computer operating under PRIMOS IV, Rev. 17.

The upgrade of the trackers at the sLHC experiments requires implementing new powering schemes that will provide an increased power density with reduced losses and material budget. A scheme based on buck and switched capacitors DC to DC converters has been proposed as an optimal solution. The buck converter is based on a power ASIC, connected to a custom made air core inductor. The arrangement of the parts and the board layout of the power module are designed to minimize the emissions of EMI in a compact volume, enabling its integration on the tracker modules and staves.

Although large total ozone decreases occurred in the Northern Hemisphere extratropics in the years after the volcanic eruption of Mt. Pinatubo that are generally attributed to the eruption, comparable decreases did not emerge in the Southern ...

Self-Potential Anomaly And Its Changes On The Quiet Mt Fuji, Japan Self-Potential Anomaly And Its Changes On The Quiet Mt Fuji, Japan Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Journal Article: A Large Self-Potential Anomaly And Its Changes On The Quiet Mt Fuji, Japan Details Activities (0) Areas (0) Regions (0) Abstract: Self-potential (SP) surveys were carried out on Mt. Fuji volcano, Japan, and an intense positive anomaly (about 2000 mV) was found in the summit area. The positive SP anomaly was stable on 2001 and 2002, but increased 150 mV in amplitude on September 12, 2003, and suddenly decreased 300 mV two weeks later. This amplitude change coincides with the emergence of the fumaroles, which appeared for the first time in 40 years, on the east-northeast flank 6 km apart from the summit. The SP anomaly is thought

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3-D Density Model Of Mt Etna Volcano (Southern Italy) 3-D Density Model Of Mt Etna Volcano (Southern Italy) Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Journal Article: 3-D Density Model Of Mt Etna Volcano (Southern Italy) Details Activities (0) Areas (0) Regions (0) Abstract: A detailed density model of Mt. Etna and its surrounding areas has been evaluated using a 3-D inversion of the gravimetric data acquired in the 1980's. Several high-density and low-density bodies are found, penetrating from shallow depths as far down as 12 km bsl. A positive correlation (in terms of location, extent, density, and velocity) is established between several anomalies of the density model and features identified in previously published seismic tomographies. A prominent high-density body extending down to 7 km bsl is recognized in the southern

Mt. Cimone Mt. Cimone Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Record from In Situ Measurements at Mt. Cimone graphics Graphics data Data Investigators Tiziano Colombo and Riccardo Santaguida Italian Meteorological Service, Via delle Ville, 100-41029 Sestola (MO), Italy Period of Record 1979-1997 Methods Continuous atmospheric CO2 measurements have been carried out at Mt. Cimone since 1979. Since December 1988, air samples have also been collected approximately once per week in a pair of 2-L, electropolished, stainless steel cylindrical flasks. From 1979 until December 1988, a Hartmann and Braun URAS-2T NDIR gas analyzer was used for CO2 determinations. Currently, CO2 determinations are made through the use of a Siemens Ultramat-5E NDIR gas analyzer. Water vapor is eliminated by passing the air through a U-tube

Washington DC's First Electric Vehicle Charging Station Washington DC's First Electric Vehicle Charging Station Washington DC's First Electric Vehicle Charging Station November 17, 2010 - 11:28am Addthis Street signage for Washington, DC's first electric vehicle charging station located on the northwest corner of the intersection of U and 14th streets. | Department of Energy Photo | Street signage for Washington, DC's first electric vehicle charging station located on the northwest corner of the intersection of U and 14th streets. | Department of Energy Photo | Shannon Brescher Shea Communications Manager, Clean Cities Program It's always exciting to attend a grand opening, especially when it represents a "first" for an entire region. Yesterday, the U.S. Department of Energy and the city of Washington, DC joined together to

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The results of an objective climatology of 500hPa trough merger (defined as the amalgamation of two initially separate vorticity maxima) and trough fracture (defined as the splitting of a single vorticity center into two separate vorticity ...

The authors designed, implemented and tested cryogenic RF filters with zero DC resistance, based on wires with a superconducting core inside a resistive sheath. The superconducting core allows low frequency currents to pass with negligible dissipation. Signals above the cutoff frequency are dissipated in the resistive part due to their small skin depth. The filters consist of twisted wire pairs shielded with copper tape. Above approximately 1 GHz, the attenuation is exponential in {radical}{omega}, as typical for skin depth based RF filters. By using additional capacitors of 10 nF per line, an attenuation of at least 45 dB above 10 MHz can be obtained. Thus, one single filter stage kept at mixing chamber temperature in a dilution refrigerator is sufficient to attenuate room temperature black body radiation to levels corresponding to 10 mK above about 10 MHz.

Is the Energy Race our new Is the Energy Race our new "Sputnik" Moment? National Press Club Washington, D.C. 29 November, 2010 1 October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union placed a 184 pound satellite into orbit. "The Soviet Union now has - in the combined category of scientists and engineers - a greater number than the United States. And it is producing graduates in these fields at a much faster rate ... This trend is disturbing. Indeed, according to my scientific advisers, this is for the American people the most critical problem of all. My scientific advisers place this problem above all other immediate tasks of producing missiles, of developing new techniques in the Armed Services. We need scientists in the ten years ahead..." On November 13, 1957, President Eisenhower

Monitoring and Targeting (M&T) is a disciplined approach to energy management that ensures that energy resources are used to their maximum economic advantage. M&T serves two principal functions:
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Ongoing, day-to-day control of energy use
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Planned improvements in energy efficiency
Key elements of an M&T program include:
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Measurement of utility (steam, fuel, power) consumption levels
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The establishment of consumption targets that take variations in key variables (e.g., throughput, conversion, product quality...etc.) into account
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Comparison of actual vs. target energy usage
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"Exception reports" to highlight areas experiencing unusually good or unusually poor performance
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An established protocol, involving both management and operating personnel, for reviewing and acting upon the energy information available.
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Tracking and reporting of the savings achieved
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Periodic review and reassessment of the energy targets.
This paper briefly reviews key M&T concepts and their application in industrial settings. Practical aspects of program implementation -such as data entry, target setting, report generation, software requirements, and personnel orientation and training -are discussed. Representative savings produced by M&T in a variety of plant types also are presented. These savings typically are achieved with little or no capital investment.

As part of the Enhance Surveillance mission, it is the goal to provide suitable lifetime assessment of stockpile materials. This report is an accumulation of historical publication on the DC745U material and their findings. It is the intention that the B61 LEP program uses this collection of data to further develop their understanding and potential areas of study. DC745U is a commercially available silicone elastomer consisting of dimethyl, methyl-phenyl, and methyl-vinyl siloxane repeat units. Originally, this material was manufactured by Dow Corning as Silastic{reg_sign} DC745U at their manufacturing facility in Kendallville, IN. Recently, Dow Corning shifted this material to the Xiameter{reg_sign} brand product line. Currently, DC745U is available through Xiameter{reg_sign} or Dow Corning's distributor R. D. Abbott Company. DC745U is cured using 0.5 wt% vinyl-specific peroxide curing agent known as Luperox 101 or Varox DBPH-50. This silicone elastomer is used in numerous parts, including two major components (outer pressure pads and aft cap support) in the W80 and as pressure pads on the B61. DC745U is a proprietary formulation, thus Dow Corning provides limited information on its composition and properties. Based on past experience with Dow Corning, DC745U is at risk of formulation changes without notification to the costumer. A formulation change for DC745U may have a significant impact because the network structure is a key variable in determining material properties. The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of historical DC745U studies and identify gaps that need to be addressed in future work. Some of the previous studies include the following: 1. Spectroscopic characterization of raw gum stock. 2. Spectroscopic, thermal, and mechanical studies on cured DC745U. 3. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and solvent swelling studies on DC745U with different crosslink densities. 4. NMR, solvent swelling, thermal, and mechanical studies on thermally aged DC745U. 5. NMR, solvent swelling, thermal, and mechanical studies on radiolytically aged DC745U. Each area is reviewed and further work is suggested to improve our understanding of DC745U for systems engineering, surveillance, aging assessments, and lifetime assessment.

There is vital need for a compact, lightweight, and efficient energy-storage system that is both affordable and has an acceptable cycle life for the large-scale production of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Most of the current research employs a battery-storage unit (BU) combined with a fuel cell (FC) stack in order to achieve the operating voltage-current point of maximum efficiency for the FC system. A system block diagram is shown in Fig.1.1. In such a conventional arrangement, the battery is sized to deliver the difference between the energy required by the traction drive and the energy supplied by the FC system. Energy requirements can increase depending on the drive cycle over which the vehicle is expected to operate. Peak-power transients result in an increase of losses and elevated temperatures which result in a decrease in the lifetime of the battery. This research will propose a novel two-input direct current (dc) dc to dc converter to interface an additional energy-storage element, an ultracapacitor (UC), which is shown in Fig.1.2. It will assist the battery during transients to reduce the peak-power requirements of the battery.

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Water Sampling At Mt Rainier Area (Frank, 1995) Water Sampling At Mt Rainier Area (Frank, 1995) Exploration Activity Details Location Mt Rainier Area Exploration Technique Water Sampling Activity Date Usefulness not indicated DOE-funding Unknown Notes This paper relies primarily on minerals, gases, and water found in surficial deposits to construct a conceptual model for Mount Rainier that considers the following factors: - Locations of hydrothermal leakage at the surface; - Structures that provide permeable paths of fluid egress to the surface; - Amount of excess heat discharge; - Composition of surficial thermal fluids; - Composition, guided by mineralogy, of subsurface thermal fluids. Analytical data used as a basis for the model are from samples collected during field investigations in 1982-1985 (Frank, 1985), whereas

An brushless DC permanent magnet motor is provided for driving an autonomous underwater vehicle. In one embodiment, the motor comprises four substantially flat stators disposed in stacked relationship, with pairs of the stators being axially spaced and each of the stators comprising a tape-wound stator coil; and a first and second substantially flat rotors disposed between the spaced pairs of stators. Each of the rotors includes an annular array of permanent magnets embedded therein. A first shaft is connected to the first rotor and a second, concentric shaft is connected to the second rotor, and drive unit causes rotation of the two shafts in opposite directions. The second shaft comprises a hollow tube having a central bore therein in which the first shaft is disposed. Two different sets of bearings support the first and second shAfts. In another embodiment, the motor comprises two ironless stators and pairs and rotors mounted no opposite sides of the stators and driven by counterrotating shafts.

An brushless DC permanent magnet motor is provided for driving an autonomous underwater vehicle. In one embodiment, the motor comprises four substantially flat stators disposed in stacked relationship, with pairs of the stators being axially spaced and each of the stators comprising a tape-wound stator coil; and a first and second substantially flat rotors disposed between the spaced pairs of stators. Each of the rotors includes an annular array of permanent magnets embedded therein. A first shaft is connected to the first rotor and a second, concentric shaft is connected to the second rotor, and drive unit causes rotation of the two shafts in opposite directions. The second shaft comprises a hollow tube having a central bore therein in which the first shaft is disposed. Two different sets of bearings support the first and second shAfts. In another embodiment, the motor comprises two ironless stators and pairs and rotors mounted no opposite sides of the stators and driven by counterrotating shafts.

Second Meeting, July 13, 1999 Crowne Plaza Center City Philadelphia, PA Second Meeting, July 13, 1999 Crowne Plaza Center City Philadelphia, PA The second meeting of the Transportation External Coordination Working Group (TEC/WG) DOE Transportation Protocols Topic Group took place on July 13, 1999 at the Crowne Plaza Center City in Philadelphia, PA. MORNING SESSION Ms. Williams began the meeting by stating this was the second face-to-face session of the group; several conference calls had also been held since the first meeting in Jacksonville, FL in January 1999. She indicated there were some materials available in addition to the draft protocols that had been promised; one was a comment response document containing written comments received from participants on the different protocols, and the other was a draft schedule for completion of the other protocols. She said the milestones in the schedule were

This study covers the use of dc generators for meeting the Experimental Power Reactor Ohmic Heating Energy Storage Requirements. The dc generators satisfy these requirements which are the same as defined in WFPS-TME-038 which covered the use of ac generators and homopolar generators. The costs of the latter two systems have been revised to eliminate first-of-a-kind factors. The cost figures for dc generators indicate a need to develop larger machines in order to take advantage of the economy-of-scale that the large ac machines have. Each of the systems has its own favorable salient features on which to base a system selection.

Trapped oil?sealed rotary pumps are usually considered capable of ultimate pressures no lower than about 10?3 Pa. Experiments are described which confirm that most of this residual gas originates from air dissolved in the pump oil. Replacement of the air with a less soluble gas (helium) or an easily trapped gas (carbon dioxide) is shown to give a useful reduction in ultimate pressure and to reduce the oxygen partial pressure to essentially zero. Operation with completely degassed oil is shown to give ultimate pressures in the 10?5 Pa range. The design of pumps based on these principles is discussed.

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MT_GEQ_Handbook_July2009.doc MUSIC EDUCATION AND MUSIC THERAPY (MEMT) Music Therapy Graduate Equivalency Program Handbook Music Therapy Graduate Equivalency Program Individuals who hold baccalaureate in Music Therapy planning outline. This handbook is designed to supplement the information in the KU

A low noise radiofrequency amplifer, using a dc SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) as the input amplifying element. The dc SQUID and an input coil are maintained at superconductivity temperatures in a superconducting shield, with the input coil inductively coupled to the superconducting ring of the dc SQUID. A radiofrequency signal from outside the shield is applied to the input coil, and an amplified radiofrequency signal is developed across the dc SQUID ring and transmitted to exteriorly of the shield. A power gain of 19.5 +- 0.5 dB has been achieved with a noise temperature of 1.0 +- 0.4 K at a frequency of 100 MHz.

A low noise radiofrequency amplifier (10), using a dc SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) as the input amplifying element. The dc SQUID (11) and an input coil (12) are maintained at superconductivity temperatures in a superconducting shield (13), with the input coil (12) inductively coupled to the superconducting ring (17) of the dc SQUID (11). A radiofrequency signal from outside the shield (13) is applied to the input coil (12), and an amplified radiofrequency signal is developed across the dc SQUID ring (17) and transmitted to exteriorly of the shield (13). A power gain of 19.5.+-.0.5 dB has been achieved with a noise temperature of 1.0.+-.0.4 K. at a frequency of 100 MHz.

Titanium nitride is of interest for IC fabrication because of its excellent performance as a metallic diffusion barrier. TiN films have been deposited in a batch sputtering system equipped with dc magnetron cathodes

Washington DC Reliability Requirements and the Need to Operate Washington DC Reliability Requirements and the Need to Operate Mirant's Potomac River Generation Station to Support Local Area Reliability (Oak Ridge National Laboratory 2005) Washington DC Reliability Requirements and the Need to Operate Mirant's Potomac River Generation Station to Support Local Area Reliability (Oak Ridge National Laboratory 2005) Pursuant to Docket No. EO-05-01: Oak Ridge National Laboratory provided an analysis of the Mirant Potomac River Generation Station in 2005 and discussed the reliability requirements of the local area and the potential impacts on reliability of changing operation of the Potomac River Generating Station in this paper. Washington DC Reliability Requirements and the Need to Operate Mirant's Potomac River Generation Station to Support Local Area Reliability.pdf

Electrical power systems in future hybrid and fuel cell vehicles may employ three voltage [14 V, 42 V, and high voltage (HV)] nets. These will be necessary to accommodate existing 14-V loads as well as efficiently handle new heavy loads at the 42-V net and a traction drive on the HV bus. A low-cost DC-DC converter was proposed for connecting the three voltage nets. It minimizes the number of switches and their associated gate driver components by using two half-bridges and a high-frequency transformer. Another salient feature is that the half bridge on the 42-V bus is also utilized to provide the 14-V bus by operating at duty ratios around an atypical value of 1/3. Moreover, it makes use of the parasitic capacitance of the switches and the transformer leakage inductance for soft switching. The use of half bridges makes the topology well suited for interleaved multiphase modular configurations as a means to increase the power level because the capacitor legs can be shared. This paper presents simulation and experimental results on an interleaved two-phase arrangement rated at 4.5 kW. Also discussed are the benefits of operating with an atypical duty ratio on the transformer and a preferred multiphase configuration to minimize capacitor ripple currents.

Adjustable speed drive (ASD) ride-through issues have caused increased concerns due to drive susceptibility to power disturbances and the costly results of process disruptions. Losses incurred due to DC drive trips can be avoided for critical production processes by employing ride-through alternatives. The purpose of this study is to determine the DC drive ride-through requirements of industrial customers and match those ride-through needs with possible solutions.

This report presents results of an extensive laboratory assessment of the impact of DC load currents (including half-wave rectified loads) on the metrological accuracy of residential solid state electricity meters. Sampled surveys were conducted to determine whether products producing DC currents are prevalent in residential premises. In addition, regulations and codes were studied to determine whether such products could naturally appear in the marketplace going forward. Two each of six brands of socket...

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In this paper the authors use the NCEPľDepartment of Energy (DOE) Reanalysis 2 (NCEP2) data from 1979 to 2004 to expand the daily 500-hPa geopotential height in the Southern Hemisphere (SH, 90░ľ20░S) into a double Fourier series, and analyze the ...

Paper Number 15736-PA Title Reaction Kinetics of Fuel Formation for In-Situ Combustion Authors Abu believed to cause fuel formation for in-situ combustion have been studied and modeled. A thin, packed bed the approach of a combustion front. Analysis of gases produced from the reaction cell revealed that pyrolysis

adjoint theory in such cases does not play a role at all. 1762 I. Pa┬┤zsit / Annals of Nuclear Energy 30 and practical and, accordingly, it dominates the applications in the theory of zero power reactor noise fluctuations in a steady subcritical reactor, i.e. the theory of zero power reactor noise, the dual possibility

At the beginning of the actinide series, the 5f and 6d configurations are very close in energy. Consequently, both the 5f and 6d energy level splittings may be observed experimentally in Pa{sup 4+} and Th{sup 3+} compounds. The available magnetic and optical data on these systems are reviewed.

This paper describes a compositional proof system called P-A logic for establishing weak total correctness and weak divergence correctness of CSP-like distributed programs with synchronous and asynchronous communication. Each process in a network is ... Keywords: OCCAM, liveness, proof system, safety

This paper addresses the anomaly correlation of the 500-hPa geopotential heights from a suite of global multimodels and from a model-weighted ensemble mean called the superensemble. This procedure follows a number of current studies on weather ...

Modulation of power transmitted over a proposed multiterminal dc system to provide effective stability enhancement of a large ac system in the Southwestern U.S. is demonstrated in this paper. This proposed multiterminal dc system connecting the Phoenix, Mead and Los Angeles areas could be in parallel with an Extra High-Voltage (EHV) ac transmission network which could be operating at heavy loading conditions. Studies indicated that the utilization of large power and reactive power modulation on the dc system can provide transient stability enhancements and ac system damping. The resultant system damping can be significantly improved when compared to the performance of the ac system prior to the addition of the dc system. The application of modulation permits the release of converter station vars to support the ac system voltage and thus reduces the required capability of voltage support devices.

This chapter describes an approach to the formalization of existing criteria used in computer systems software testing and proposes a Reinforced Condition/Decision Coverage (RC/DC) criterion. This criterion has been developed from the well-known Modified ...

f9-dc0d-45ef-9789-a7781dc1934b f9-dc0d-45ef-9789-a7781dc1934b No revision has been approved for this page. It is currently under review by our subject matter experts. Jump to: navigation, search Loading... 1. Basic Information 2. Demand 3. Energy << Previous 1 2 3 Next >> Basic Information Utility name: El Paso Electric Co (New Mexico) Effective date: 2010/01/01 End date if known: Rate name: LGS (Large General Service Secondary) Sector: Commercial Description: This rate is available to all Customers for lighting,power, and heating service. All service will be taken at one point of delivery designated by the Company and at one of the Company's standard types of service. Service under this rate shall be limited to Customers whose expected monthly demand will exceed 800 kilowatts (kW).

A highly efficient DC to DC converter has been developed for low-voltage high-current solid oxide fuel cells. The newly developed 'V6' converter resembles what has been done in internal combustion engine that split into multiple cylinders to increase the output capacity without having to increase individual cell size and to smooth out the torque with interleaving operation. The development was started with topology overview to ensure that all the DC to DC converter circuits were included in the study. Efficiency models for different circuit topologies were established, and computer simulations were performed to determine the best candidate converter circuit. Through design optimization including topology selection, device selection, magnetic component design, thermal design, and digital controller design, a bench prototype rated 5-kW, with 20 to 50V input and 200/400V output was fabricated and tested. Efficiency goal of 97% was proven achievable through hardware experiment. This DC to DC converter was then modified in the later stage to converter 35 to 63 V input and 13.8 V output for automotive charging applications. The complete prototype was tested at Delphi with their solid oxide fuel cell test stand to verify the performance of the modified DC to DC converter. The output was tested up to 3-kW level, and the efficiency exceeded 97.5%. Multiple-phase interleaving operation design was proved to be reliable and ripple free at the output, which is desirable for the battery charging. Overall this is a very successful collaboration project between the SECA Core Technology Team and Industrial Team.

The measurement of insulation resistance between DC power supply and ground is important in a DC operating power supply system. We proved a new model for measuring insulating resistance between ground and DC system. A lots of actual application shows ... Keywords: Insulation resistance, DC power system, Insulation monitor, Leakage current

Q&A: Kristen Psaki of WeatherizeDC Q&A: Kristen Psaki of WeatherizeDC Q&A: Kristen Psaki of WeatherizeDC April 15, 2010 - 3:45pm Addthis Roughly 20 percent of carbon emissions come from inefficient homes. The DC Project says it has found a way to mitigate emissions and create jobs, a winning combination. WeatherizeDC is the non-profit's effort to use a community engagement model to help DC residents find green jobs and live a more energy efficient lifestyle. Energy Empowers recently spoke with DC Project co-founder and creative director Kristen Psaki about WeatherizeDC's approach to climate change. WeatherizeDC is a nonprofit community engagement program. What's the background of it, the story of how and why it was founded? The DC Project was founded over a year ago in January 2009.

Q&A: Kristen Psaki of WeatherizeDC Q&A: Kristen Psaki of WeatherizeDC Q&A: Kristen Psaki of WeatherizeDC April 15, 2010 - 3:45pm Addthis Roughly 20 percent of carbon emissions come from inefficient homes. The DC Project says it has found a way to mitigate emissions and create jobs, a winning combination. WeatherizeDC is the non-profit's effort to use a community engagement model to help DC residents find green jobs and live a more energy efficient lifestyle. Energy Empowers recently spoke with DC Project co-founder and creative director Kristen Psaki about WeatherizeDC's approach to climate change. WeatherizeDC is a nonprofit community engagement program. What's the background of it, the story of how and why it was founded? The DC Project was founded over a year ago in January 2009.

In this paper, a comparative investigation of different random modulation schemes against the normal pulsewidth modulation (PWM) for the DC motor drive with step-down chopper (buck) and half-bridge configuration is presented. For this purpose, an experimental setup with DSP2 board has been developed. The board consists of the signal processor TMS320C32 which is suitable for verifying the different modulations strategies. The effectiveness of randomization on spreading the dominating frequencies that normally exist in constantfrequency PWM schemes is evaluated by the power spectral density (PSD) estimations in the low-frequency range. Finally, one universal demo board with two power converters configuration (driven by the micro controller PICF16F876) has been used in EMI measurements to comply with the CISPR 25 (or EN 55025) regulations. 1

Frequency-dependent effects in railway traction power systems arise from the impedance of substation and locomotive line filters and the traction line. Harmonic noise from traction drives and substations can excite resonances and produce overcurrent or overvoltage conditions at critical points in the network. In this paper, the harmonic feeding impedances of a 3 kV DC traction system seen from the rectifier substation, locomotive drive converter and pantograph terminals are presented. Several substation and locomotive filters are considered with a frequency-dependent traction line. Resonances attributed to the substation filter, locomotive filter and traction line are separate and distinct, the line introducing poles and zeros in the audio frequency (AF) range which vary in frequency and magnitude with locomotive position.

In recent years, there has been lots of emphasis put on the development of renewable energy. While considerable improvement on renewable energy has been made, there are some inherent limitations for these renewable energies. For example, for solar and wind power, there is an intermittent nature. For the fuel cell, the dynamics of electro-chemical reaction is quite slow compared to the electric load. This will not be acceptable for modern electric application, which requires constant voltage of constant frequency. This work proposed and evaluated a new power circuit that can deal with the problem of the intermittent nature and slow response of the renewable energy. The proposed circuit integrates different renewable energy sources as well as energy storage. By integrating renewable energy sources with statistical tendency to compensate each other, the effect of the intermittent nature can be greatly reduced. This integration will increase the reliability and utilization of the overall system. Moreover, the integration of energy storage solves the problem of the slow response of renewable energy. It can provide the extra energy required by load or absorb the excessive energy provided by the energy sources, greatly improving the dynamics of overall system. To better understand the proposed circuit, "Dual Active Bridge" and "Triple Active Bridge" were reviewed first. The operation principles and the modeling were presented. Analysis and design of the overall system were discussed. Controller design and stability issues were investigated. Furthermore, the function of the central controller was explained. In the end, different simulations were made and discussed. Results from the simulations showed that the proposed multi-port DC-DC power converter had satisfactory performance under different scenarios encountered in practical renewable energy application. The proposed circuit is an effective solution to the problem due to the intermittent nature and slow response of the renewable energy.

For over 40 years the US Department of Energy (DOE) and its predecessors have made Californium-252 ({sup 252}Cf) available for a wide range of industries including medical, nuclear fuels, mining, military and national security. The Radiochemical Engineering Development Center (REDC) located within the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) processes irradiated production targets from the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR). Operations in Building 7930, Cell G provide over 70% of the world's demand for {sup 252}Cf. Building 7930 was constructed and equipped in the mid-1960s. Current operations for {sup 252}Cf processing in Building 7930, Cell G require use of through-the-wall manipulators and the PaR Remote Handling System. Maintenance and repairs for the manipulators is readily accomplished by removal of the manipulator and relocation to a repair shop where hands-on work can be performed in glove boxes. Contamination inside cell G does not currently allow manned entry and no provisions were created for a maintenance area inside the cell. There has been no maintenance of the PaR system or upgrades, leaving operations vulnerable should the system have a catastrophic failure. The Cell G PaR system is currently being operated in a run to failure mode. As the manipulator is now 40+ years old there is significant risk in this method of operation. In 2006 an assessment was completed that resulted in recommendations for replacing the manipulator operator control and power centers which are used to control and power the PaR manipulator in Cell G. In mid-2008 the chain for the bridge drive failed and subsequent examinations indicated several damaged links (see Figure 1). To continue operations the PaR manipulator arm is being used to push and pull the bridge as a workaround. A retrieval tool was fabricated, tested and staged inside Cell G that will allow positioning of the bridge and manipulator arm for removal from the cell should the PaR system completely fail. A fully functioning and reliable Par manipulator arm is necessary for uninterrupted {sup 252}Cf operations; a fully-functioning bridge is needed for the system to function as intended.

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Towle, 1983) Towle, 1983) Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Activity: Aeromagnetic Survey At Mt St Helens Area (Towle, 1983) Exploration Activity Details Location Mt St Helens Area Exploration Technique Aeromagnetic Survey Activity Date Usefulness useful DOE-funding Unknown Notes The VLF method has proved useful in mapping the crater and central dome of Mount St. Helens. More detailed and extensive VLF investigations as well as other electrical and electromagnetic studies will be useful in determining the electrical structure of Mount St. Helens in more detail. Electrical and electromagnetic methods would be especially useful in determining the actual electrical conductivity of partial melt beneath the dome. The ability of these methods to determine the correlation of surface features

Sykes, M.T., I.C. Prentice, and W. Cramer. 1996. A bioclimatic Sykes, M.T., I.C. Prentice, and W. Cramer. 1996. A bioclimatic model for the potential distributions of north European tree species under present and future climates. Journal of Biogeography 23(2):203- 233. A bioclimatic model based on physiological constraints to plant growth and regeneration is used here in an empirical way to describe the present natural distributions of northern Europe's major trees. Bioclimatic variables were computed from monthly means of temperature, precipitation and sunshine (%) interpolated to a 10' grid taking into account elevation. Minimum values of mean coldest-month temperature (T-c) and 'effective' growing degree days (GDD*) were fitted to species' range limits. GDD* is total annual growing degree days (GDD) minus GDD to budburst (GDD(o)). Each species was assigned to one of the

We presently enjoy a predominantly ac electrical distribution system, the engineering basis for which was designed over 100 years ago. While ac distribution systems have served us well, we should periodically pause to assess what opportunities we have accepted or been denied by the overwhelming predominance of ac electrical power distribution systems. What opportunities could be obtained by engineering dc distribution into at least portions of our present system? What advantages of the present ac distribution system should be recognized and protected? This paper will focus on distribution within premise and low-voltage distribution systems. Specifically, we will address the conversion efficiency costs of adopting various premise ac and dc distribution system topologies. According to a simple predictive model formulated in this paper, premise residential dc distribution will incur unfavorable total conversion efficiency compared with existing ac premise distribution. However, if a residence is supplied by a fuel cell or another dc generator, the total conversion efficiency within a residential dc distribution system could be similar to, or even better than, that for ac distribution.

Surface thermal features occur in an area of 9700 m/sup 2/ at Mt. Hood, on the basis of an aerial line-scan survey made April 26, 1973. The distribution of the thermal areas below the summit of Mt. Hood, shown on planimetrically corrected maps at 1 : 12,000, suggests structural control by a fracture system and brecciated zone peripheral to a hornblende-dacite plug dome (Crater Rock), and by a concentric fracture system that may have been associated with development of the present crater. The extent and inferred temperature of the thermal areas permits a preliminary estimate of a heat discharge of 10 megawatts, by analogy with similar fumarole and thermal fields of Mt. Baker, Washington. This figure includes a heat loss of 4 megawatts (MW) via conduction, diffusion, evaporation, and radiation to the atmosphere, and a somewhat less certain loss of 6 MW via fumarolic mass transfer of vapor and advective heat loss from runoff and ice melt. The first part of the estimate is based on two-point models for differential radiant exitance and differential flux via conduction, diffusion, evaporation, and radiation from heat balance of the ground surface. Alternate methods for estimating volcanogenic geothermal flux that assume a quasi-steady state heat flow also yield estimates in the 5-11 MW range. Heat loss equivalent to cooling of the dacite plug dome is judged to be insufficient to account for the heat flux at the fumarole fields.

PA DEl1!RMINATION PA DEl1!RMINATION RECIPIENT:Snohomish County PUD PROJECT TITLE: Acoustic Effects of Hydrokinetic Tidal Turbines Page 1 00 STATE: WA funding Opportunity Announcement Number Procurement Instrument Number NEPA Control Number CID Number DE-FOA..()()()()()69 DE-EEOOO2654 GF0-10-171 0 Based on my review oflhe information concerning the proposed adion, as NEPA CompliaDce Officer (authorized under DOE Order451.1A), I have made tbe following determination: ex, EA, EIS APPENDIX AND NUMBER: Description: 83.1 OnSlle and off site site characterizatIOn and environmental monitonng, Induding siting, construction (or modification). operatJon, and dismantlement or dosing (abandonment) of characterization and monitoring devices and siting, constructJon, and aSSOCIated operation of a small-scale laboratory building or renovation of a room in an existing building

7 - Gilberton Coal-to-Clean Fuels and Power Project in 7 - Gilberton Coal-to-Clean Fuels and Power Project in Giberton, PA EIS-0357 - Gilberton Coal-to-Clean Fuels and Power Project in Giberton, PA Summary This Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) assesses the potential environmental impacts that would result from a proposed Department of Energy (DOE) action to provide cost-shared funding for construction and operation of facilities near Gilberton, Pennsylvania, which have been proposed by WMPI PTY, LLC, for producing electricity, steam, and liquid fuels from anthracite coal waste (culm). The project was selected by DOE under the Clean Coal Power Initiative (CCPI) to demonstrate the integration of coal waste gasification and Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) synthesis of liquid hydrocarbon fuels at commercial scale. PUBLIC COMMENT OPPORTUNITIES

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3M COMPANY FOR AN ADVANCE WAIVER OF PA ENT 3M COMPANY FOR AN ADVANCE WAIVER OF PA ENT RIGHTS UNDEF DOE COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT NO. DE-FC36- 01AL67621 ENTITLED "ADVANCED MEA'S FOR ENHANCED OPERATING CONDITIONS"; W(A)-04-038; CH-1205 As set out in the attached waiver petition and in subsequent discussions with DOE Patent Counsel, 3M Company (3M) has requested an advance waiver of domestic and foreign patent rights for all subject inventions made under the above-identified cooperative agreement by its employees and its subcontractors' employees, regardless of tier, except inventions made by subcontractors eligible to retain title pursuant to P.L. 96-517, as amended, and National Laboratories. Referring to item 2 of 3M's waiver petition, the purpose of this agreement encompasses the design, development and manufacturing of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

3 Aerial view of Washington D.C. 3 Aerial view of Washington D.C. News From the D.C. Office Efficient Office Equipment: Update and a Look Ahead An extended version of this article is available here. We are now well aware of the large amount of energy consumed by "plug-in loads" such as personal computers (PCs) and other office electronics. Office equipment is often cited as the fastest-growing end-use of electricity in the fastest-growing sector of demand (commercial buildings). According to Dataquest figures, world growth of PCs will average 14 to 15 percent per year through 1999. Only ten years ago, office equipment was not even part of the "map" of non-residential energy end-uses. There were virtually no data on office equipment energy use, nor an awareness of the

Completes Cool Roof Installation on DC Completes Cool Roof Installation on DC Headquarters Building to Save Money by Saving Energy Energy Department Completes Cool Roof Installation on DC Headquarters Building to Save Money by Saving Energy December 14, 2010 - 12:00am Addthis Washington - Secretary Steven Chu today announced the completion of a new cool roof installation on the Department of Energy's Headquarters West Building. There was no incremental cost to adding the cool roof as part of the roof replacement project and it will save taxpayers $2,000 every year in building energy costs. Cool roofs use lighter-colored roofing surfaces or special coatings to reflect more of the sun's heat, helping improve building efficiency, reduce cooling costs and offset carbon emissions. The cool roof and increased insulation at the facility were

Argonne's Through-the-Road Hybrid goes to Washington, D.C., Auto Show Argonne's Through-the-Road Hybrid goes to Washington, D.C., Auto Show Argonne's Through the Road Vehicle Argonne's Through-the-Road Hybrid Vehicle Argonne's Through-the-Road hybrid vehicle (TTR) will be on display at the Washington Auto Show at Walter E. Washington Convention Center, February 4-8, 2009, in Washington, D.C. The TTR will be in the combined U.S. Department of Energy, Environmental Protection Agency, and Department of Transportation exhibit booth that features advanced vehicle technologies that are safe, clean, and efficient. Due to power-split limitations, no plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) exists that can complete an Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) cycle without starting the engine. Argonne created the TTR, an in-house PHEV development platform with an open

Capitol DC Capitol DC Below you will find Solar Decathlon news from the Team Capitol DC archive, sorted by date. Hangout With Solar Decathlon 2013 Teams on Sept. 18! Wednesday, September 11, 2013 By Rebecca Matulka Editor's Note: This entry has been cross-posted from DOE's Energy Blog. Photo of a Solar Decathlon house at night. Superimposed is the following text: "Solar Decathlon 2013: The Path to a Brighter Future. Energy.gov/live. Wednesday, Sept. 18, at p.m. ET. #askSD." Mark your calendars for a Google+ Hangout on Solar Decathlon 2013: The Path to a Brighter Future on Wednesday, Sept. 18, at 2 p.m. ET. For more than 10 years, the U.S. Department of Energy Solar Decathlon has been preparing the next wave of energy leaders-providing hands-on experience in designing and building energy-efficient, solar-powered

In this work a numerical assessment is attempted of trace species interactions with aerosols injected in the stratosphere by the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo. A photochemical two-dimensional model is used for this purpose, with heterogeneous chemical ...

A quantitative study by x-ray diffraction, optical polarizing microscopy, and x-ray fluorescence spectrometry of fallout and ambient ash from three Mt. St. Helens eruptions has revealed a consistent picture of the mineralogical and elemental ...

The development and fabrication of dc SQUIDs (Superconducting QUantum Interference Devices) with Nb/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}/Nb Josephson junctions is described. A theory of the dc SQUID as a radio-frequency amplifier is presented, with an optimization strategy that accounts for the loading and noise contributions of the postamplifier and maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio of the total system. The high sensitivity of the dc SQUID is extended to high field NMR. A dc SQUID is used as a tuned radio-frequency amplifier to detect pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance at 32 MHz from a metal film in a 3.5 Tesla static field. A total system noise temperature of 11 K has been achieved, at a bath temperature of 4.2 K. The minimum number of nuclear Bohr magnetons observable from a free precession signal after a single pulse is about 2 {times} 10{sup 17} in a bandwidth of 25 kHz. In a separate experiment, a dc SQUID is used as a rf amplifier in a NQR experiment to observe a new resonance response mechanism. The net electric polarization of a NaClO{sub 3} crystal due to the precessing electric quadrupole moments of the Cl nuclei is detected at 30 MHz. The sensitivity of NMR and NQR spectrometers using dc SQUID amplifiers is compared to the sensitivity of spectrometers using conventional rf amplifiers. A SQUID-based spectrometer has a voltage sensitivity which is comparable to the best achieved by a FET-based spectrometer, at these temperatures and operating frequencies.

f2-403a-496b-ada2-58f1dc6b8504 f2-403a-496b-ada2-58f1dc6b8504 No revision has been approved for this page. It is currently under review by our subject matter experts. Jump to: navigation, search Loading... 1. Basic Information 2. Demand 3. Energy << Previous 1 2 3 Next >> Basic Information Utility name: Village of Mt Horeb, Wisconsin (Utility Company) Effective date: 2009/04/01 End date if known: Rate name: Gs-2 General Service Three Phase Optional Time-of-Day 7am-7pm with Parallel Generation(20kW or less) Sector: Commercial Description: Power Cost Adjustment Clause - All metered rates shall be subject to a positive or negative power cost adjustment charge equivalent to the amount by which the current cost of power (per kilowatt-hour of sales) is greater or lesser than the base cost of power purchased (per kilowatt-hour of sales). The base cost of power (U) is $0.0753 per kilowatt-hour.

A high-power power supply produces a controllable, constant high voltage output under varying and arcing loads. The power supply includes a voltage regulator, an inductor, an inverter for producing a high frequency square wave current of alternating polarity, an improved inverter voltage clamping circuit, a step up transformer, an output rectifier for producing a dc voltage at the output of each module, and a current sensor for sensing output current. The power supply also provides dynamic response to varying loads by controlling the voltage regulator duty cycle and circuitry is provided for sensing incipient arc currents at the output of the power supply to simultaneously decouple the power supply circuitry from the arcing load. The power supply includes a plurality of discrete switching type dc--dc converter modules.

A high-power power supply produces a controllable, constant high voltage output under varying and arcing loads. The power supply includes a voltage regulator, an inductor, an inverter for producing a high frequency square wave current of alternating polarity, an improved inverter voltage clamping circuit, a step up transformer, an output rectifier for producing a dc voltage at the output of each module, and a current sensor for sensing output current. The power supply also provides dynamic response to varying loads by controlling the voltage regulator duty cycle and circuitry is provided for sensing incipient arc currents at the output of the power supply to simultaneously decouple the power supply circuitry from the arcing load. The power supply includes a plurality of discrete switching type dc--dc converter modules. 5 Figs.

The purpose of introducing active dc filters is to meet the more and more stringent requirement from power utilities on limiting telephone interference caused by harmonic currents from HVdc transmission lines, without unnecessarily increasing the cost of HVdc stations. An active dc filter installed in the Konti-Skan HVdc link is described. The active dc filter is connected at the bottom of an existing passive dc filter at the Lindome station. The active dc filter includes optic harmonic current measuring unit, control system, protection and supervision system, PWM power amplifier, high-frequency transformer, surge arrester, and coupling apparatuses. The active dc filter has small physical size and occupies small ground area. The performance of the active dc filter for eliminating the disturbing harmonics is excellent. To achieve comparable results by passive filters would require something like ten times more high voltage equipment.

With the ever-growing developments of sustainable energy sources such as fuel
cells, photovoltaics, and other distributed generation, the need for a reliable power
conversion system that interfaces these sources is in great demand. In order to provide
the highest degree of flexibility in a truly distributed network, it is desired to not only
interface multiple sources, but to also interface multiple loads. Modern multi-port
converters use high frequency transformers to deliver the different power levels, which
add to the size and complexity of the system. The different topological variations of the
proposed multi-port dc-dc converter have the potential to solve these problems.
This thesis proposes a unique dc-dc current source converter for multi-port power
conversion. The presented work will explain the proposed multi-port dc-dc converter's
operating characteristics, control algorithms, design and a proof of application. The
converter will be evaluated to determine its functionality and applicability. Also, it will
be shown that our converter has advantages over modern multi-port converters in its ease
of scalability from kW to MW, low cost, high power density and adaption to countless combinations of multiple sources. Finally we will present modeling and simulation of
the proposed converter using the PSIM software.
This research will show that this new converter topology is unstable without
feedback control. If the operating point is moved, one of the source ports of the multiport
converter becomes unstable and dies off supplying very little or no power to the
load while the remaining source port supplies all of the power the load demands. In
order to prevent this and add stability to the converter a simple yet unique control
method was implemented. This control method allowed for the load power demanded to
be shared between the two sources as well as regulate the load voltage about its desired
value.

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An improved electrostatic coalescence system is provided in which independent AC and DC hydrophilic electrodes are employed to provide more complete dehydration of an oil emulsion. The AC field is produced between an AC electrode array and the water-oil interface wherein the AC electrode array is positioned parallel to the interface which acts as a grounded electrode. The emulsion is introduced into the AC field in an evenly distributed manner at the interface. The AC field promotes drop-drop and drop-interface coalescence of the water phase in the entering emulsion. The continuous oil phase passes upward through the perforated AC electrode array and enters a strong DC field produced between closely spaced DC electrodes in which small dispersed droplets of water entrained in the continuous phase are removed primarily by collection at hydrophilic DC electrodes. Large droplets of water collected by the electrodes migrate downward through the AC electrode array to the interface. All phase separation mechanisms are utilized to accomplish more complete phase separation.

In this project, we have developed the use of thin-film magnetic materials to improve in energy efficiency of digital computing applications by enabling integrated dc-dc power conversion and management with on-chip power inductors. Integrated voltage regulators also enables fine-grained power management, by providing dynamic scaling of the supply voltage in concert with the clock frequency of synchronous logic to throttle power consumption at periods of low computational demand. The voltage converter generates lower output voltages during periods of low computational performance requirements and higher output voltages during periods of high computational performance requirements. Implementation of integrated power conversion requires high-capacity energy storage devices, which are generally not available in traditional semiconductor processes. We achieve this with integration of thin-film magnetic materials into a conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process for high-quality on-chip power inductors. This project includes a body of work conducted to develop integrated switch-mode voltage regulators with thin-film magnetic power inductors. Soft-magnetic materials and inductor topologies are selected and optimized, with intent to maximize efficiency and current density of the integrated regulators. A custom integrated circuit (IC) is designed and fabricated in 45-nm CMOS silicon-on-insulator (SOI) to provide the control system and power-train necessary to drive the power inductors, in addition to providing a digital load for the converter. A silicon interposer is designed and fabricated in collaboration with IBM Research to integrate custom power inductors by chip stacking with the 45-nm CMOS integrated circuit, enabling power conversion with current density greater than 10A/mm2. The concepts and designs developed from this work enable significant improvements in performance-per-watt of future microprocessors in servers, desktops, and mobile devices. These new approaches to scaled voltage regulation for computing devices also promise significant impact on electricity consumption in the United States and abroad by improving the efficiency of all computational platforms. In 2006, servers and datacenters in the United States consumed an estimated 61 billion kWh or about 1.5% of the nation's total energy consumption. Federal Government servers and data centers alone accounted for about 10 billion kWh, for a total annual energy cost of about $450 million. Based upon market growth and efficiency trends, estimates place current server and datacenter power consumption at nearly 85 billion kWh in the US and at almost 280 billion kWh worldwide. Similar estimates place national desktop, mobile and portable computing at 80 billion kWh combined. While national electricity utilization for computation amounts to only 4% of current usage, it is growing at a rate of about 10% a year with volume servers representing one of the largest growth segments due to the increasing utilization of cloud-based services. The percentage of power that is consumed by the processor in a server varies but can be as much as 30% of the total power utilization, with an additional 50% associated with heat removal. The approaches considered here should allow energy efficiency gains as high as 30% in processors for all computing platforms, from high-end servers to smart phones, resulting in a direct annual energy savings of almost 15 billion kWh nationally, and 50 billion kWh globally. The work developed here is being commercialized by the start-up venture, Ferric Semiconductor, which has already secured two Phase I SBIR grants to bring these technologies to the marketplace.

A new type of powerline communication is developed to reduce cable requirements for robotic, electromechanical, and vehicular systems. A DC power bus line connecting a DC power supply to motor drives and sensor units is ...

Previous breakup experiments have been carried out at laboratory pressures (100 kPa). However, raindrop interactions mainly take place higher up in the atmosphere, even in the supercooled part of a cloud where drops can be initiated by shedding ...

for Mycenologists and specialists in the Aegean cultures, but also for scholars working on the history of the Greek language, Greek religion and institutions, and Indo-European. ISBNá978-90-429-2909-8 (Peeters Leuven) ISBNá978-2-7584-0186-5 (Peeters France... he demonstrates record standing flocks involved in the production of lambs and wool (KILLEN 1964); mutatis mutandis he argues for a similar function for these Pylian records. If so, the pa-ro formulae would record the herdsmen under whose care...

The power restoration timeline suggested by the DC power flow and the Angle Constrained DC power flow is shown. Unfortunately, the suggested generator dispatch does not always lead to feasible AC power flow solutions. Even when the AC solution is feasible, the inaccuracies of the DC power flow can lead to significant line overloads.

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will develop and validate a basic model of a permanent magnet DC motor (Yaskawa Electric, Mini-series, Minertia of a permanent magnet DC motor, the field current is constant (i.e. a constant magnetic field). It can be shownEE443L: Intermediate Control Lab Lab2: Modeling a DC motor Introduction: In this lab we

Aalborg Universitet Supervisory Control of an Adaptive-Droop Regulated DC Microgrid with Battery Control of an Adaptive-Droop Regulated DC Microgrid with Battery Management Capability. I E E E, 2013 #12;1 Supervisory Control of an Adaptive-Droop Regulated DC Microgrid with Battery Management

The traditional electric vehicle DC motor drive system can not automatically weaken magnetic field. This paper designs DC motor drive system which control optimally the motor to meet the requirement. The study results show that: the drive system can ... Keywords: electric vehicles, DC motor, controller, optimal control

This paper presented the speed control of DC motor based on neural net and fuzzy logic. To bypass the difficulties caused by system constraints and modelling uncertainties of the speed control of DC motor a neural network approach for on-line speed control ... Keywords: DC motor, fuzzy logic, neural network, speed control

as max=-Vdc+Vrf+Vrf0, for a voltage on the dc electrode of Vdc, rf voltage of Vrf, and dc bias on the rf electrode of Vrf0. The dc current from the biased electrode must return to ground through surfaces other

Full event reconstruction is known to be challenging in cases with more than one undetected final-state particle, such as pair production of two states each decaying semi-invisibly. On the other hand, full event reconstruction would allow to access angular distributions sensitive to the spin fractions of the decaying particles, thereby dissecting their production mechanism. We explore this possibility in the case of Standard-Model t-tbar production followed by a leptonic decay of both W bosons, implying two undetected final-state neutrinos. We estimate the t and tbar momentum vectors event by event using information extracted from the kinematic variable MT2. The faithfulness of the estimated momenta to the true momenta is then tested in observables sensitive to top polarization and t-tbar spin correlations. Our method thereby provides a novel approach towards the evaluation of these observables, and towards testing t-tbar production beyond the level of the total cross section. While our discussion is confined to t-tbar production as a benchmark, the method is applicable to any process whose decay topology allows to construct MT2.

A multilevel cascade voltage source inverter having separate DC sources is described herein. This inverter is applicable to high voltage, high power applications such as flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) including static VAR generation (SVG), power line conditioning, series compensation, phase shifting and voltage balancing and fuel cell and photovoltaic utility interface systems. The M-level inverter consists of at least one phase wherein each phase has a plurality of full bridge inverters equipped with an independent DC source. This inverter develops a near sinusoidal approximation voltage waveform with only one switching per cycle as the number of levels, M, is increased. The inverter may have either single-phase or multi-phase embodiments connected in either wye or delta configurations.

A multilevel cascade voltage source inverter having separate DC sources is described herein. This inverter is applicable to high voltage, high power applications such as flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) including static VAR generation (SVG), power line conditioning, series compensation, phase shifting and voltage balancing and fuel cell and photovoltaic utility interface systems. The M-level inverter consists of at least one phase wherein each phase has a plurality of full bridge inverters equipped with an independent DC source. This inverter develops a near sinusoidal approximation voltage waveform with only one switching per cycle as the number of levels, M, is increased. The inverter may have either single-phase or multi-phase embodiments connected in either wye or delta configurations.

A multilevel cascade voltage source inverter having separate DC sources is described herein. This inverter is applicable to high voltage, high power applications such as flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) including static VAR generation (SVG), power line conditioning, series compensation, phase shifting and voltage balancing and fuel cell and photovoltaic utility interface systems. The M-level inverter consists of at least one phase wherein each phase has a plurality of full bridge inverters equipped with an independent DC source. This inverter develops a near sinusoidal approximation voltage waveform with only one switching per cycle as the number of levels, M, is increased. The inverter may have either single-phase or multi-phase embodiments connected in either wye or delta configurations. 15 figs.

Area Area (1974-1975) Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Activity: DC Resistivity Survey (Schlumberger Array) At Raft River Geothermal Area (1974-1975) Exploration Activity Details Location Raft River Geothermal Area Exploration Technique DC Resistivity Survey (Schlumberger Array) Activity Date 1974 - 1975 Usefulness not indicated DOE-funding Unknown Exploration Basis Hydrogeologic study of the area Notes In 1975, the U.S. Geological Survey made 70 Schlumberger resistivity soundings in the Upper Raft River Valley and in parts of the Raft River Valley. These soundings complement the 79 soundings made previously in the Raft River Valley and bring the total number of soundings to 149. This work was done as part of a hydrogeologic study of the area. The location,

Plasmas have a beguiling way of getting students excited and interested in physics. We argue that plasmas can and should be incorporated into the undergraduate curriculum as both demonstrations and advanced investigations of electromagnetism and quantum effects. Our device, based on a direct current (DC) glow discharge tube, allows for a number of experiments into topics such as electrical breakdown, spectroscopy, magnetism, and electron temperature.

This report is a summary of discussions and conclusion from a workshop on the technology of superconducting DC transmission cables. The workshop was held at EPRI in Palo Alto, California on October 12, 13, and 14, 2005. The purpose of the meeting was to bring a small group of experts in technologies relevant to the development of such a cable and to enumerate potential issues, technical challenges, and a timetable for development. The first half of the workshop consisted of short technical presentations,...

An electronic tube and associated circuitry which is produced by dc plasma arc spraying techniques is described. The process is carried out in a single step automated process whereby both active and passive devices are produced at very low cost. The circuitry is extremely reliable and is capable of functioning in both high radiation and high temperature environments. The size of the electronic tubes produced are more than an order of magnitude smaller than conventional electronic tubes.

Available performance data for production motors are usually of marginal value to the electric vehicle designer. To provide at least a partial remedy to this situation, tests of typical dc propulsion motors and controllers were conducted as part of the DOE Electric Vehicle Program. The objectives of this program were to evaluate the differences in the performance of dc motors when operating with chopper-type controllers and when operating on direct current; and to gain an understanding of the interactions between the motor and the controller which cause these differences. Toward this end, motor-controller tests performed by the NASA Lewis Research Center provided some of the first published data that quantified motor efficiency variations for both ripple-free (straight dc) and chopper modes of operation. Test and analysis work at the University of Pittsburgh explored motor-controller relationships in greater depth. And to provide additional data, 3E Vehicles tested two small motors, both on a dynamometer and in a vehicle, and the Eaton Corporation tested larger motors, using sophisticated instrumentation and digital processing techniques. All the motors tested were direct-current types. Of the separately excited types, seven were series wound and two were shunt wound. One self-excited permanent magnet type was also tested. Four of the series wound motors used brush shifting to obtain good commutation. In almost all cases, controller limitations constrained the test envelope so that the full capability of the motors could not be explored.

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Energy Challenge Two: The WeatherizeDC Campaign Energy Challenge Two: The WeatherizeDC Campaign Energy Challenge Two: The WeatherizeDC Campaign June 14, 2010 - 9:15am Addthis John Lippert In my quest to learn what other local groups are doing to help the environment and hopefully avoid reinventing the wheel, I attended a meeting of the Greenbelt Climate Action Network, a local chapter of the grassroots, nonprofit organization Chesapeake Climate Action Network. There I met two WeatherizeDC field organizers who described the work they are doing. Terrance and Heather explained that WeatherizeDC is a campaign of The DC Project, a nonprofit based in Washington, D.C., founded by former leaders of the Obama for America campaign around a mission to advance economic and environmental justice by creating clean energy career opportunities for

Solar Decathlon at Home in the D.C. Community Solar Decathlon at Home in the D.C. Community Solar Decathlon at Home in the D.C. Community Addthis A New Energy-Efficient Home in the D.C. Community 1 of 27 A New Energy-Efficient Home in the D.C. Community On December 4, 2012, the Empowerhouse team, along with partners and community members, completed the installation of a permanent, two-family home in Washington, D.C. The home was originally showcased as part of the U.S Department of Energy's Solar Decathlon 2011. Image: Sarah Gerrity Date taken: 2012-12-04 12:22 2 of 27 The house is located in the D.C. neighborhood of Deanwood, which is just 10 miles from the National Mall. By installing the house nearby, the team was able to minimize shipping costs, therefore reducing the house's carbon footprint. Image: Sarah Gerrity

3 Aerial view of Washington D.C. 3 Aerial view of Washington D.C. News From the D.C. Office Energy-Saving Office Equipment Part 2: Making the "Virtual Office" Real More on the DC Office efficiency up-grade: Lighting, Office Equipment: Part 1 Regular readers of the Center for Building Science News know that energy-efficient lighting and office equipment can have significant environmental and economic benefits. Previous articles ("Monitored Savings from Energy-Efficient Lighting in D.C. Office" [Spring 1997, p. 3] and "Energy-Saving Office equipment" [Summer 1997, p. 3]) discussed these features of Berkeley Lab's Washington, D.C. office. The D.C. office also serves as a demonstration site for telecommunications technologies, which have energy and environmental benefits of their own.

The upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments at CERN sets new challenges for the powering of the detectors. One of the powering schemes under study is based on DC-DC buck converters mounted on the front-end modules. The hard environmental conditions impose strict restrictions to the converters in terms of low volume, radiation and magnetic field tolerance. Furthermore, the noise emission of the switching converters must not affect the performance of the powered systems. A study of the sources and paths of noise of a synchronous buck converter has been made for identifying the critical parameters to reduce their emissions. As proof of principle, a converter was designed following the PCB layout considerations proposed and then used for powering a silicon strip module prototype for the ATLAS upgrade, in order to evaluate their compatibility.

DC/DC converter has a transformer having primary coils connected to an input side and secondary coils connected to an output side. Each primary coil connects a full-bridge circuit comprising two switches on two legs, the primary coil being connected between the switches on each leg, each full-bridge circuit being connected in parallel wherein each leg is disposed parallel to one another, and the secondary coils connected to a rectifying circuit. An outer loop control circuit that reduces ripple in a voltage reference has a first resistor connected in series with a second resistor connected in series with a first capacitor which are connected in parallel with a second capacitor. An inner loop control circuit that reduces ripple in a current reference has a third resistor connected in series with a fourth resistor connected in series with a third capacitor which are connected in parallel with a fourth capacitor.

This plan has been prepared to establish the objectives and set forth the procedures and guidelines for conducting geothermal exploratory drilling and testing operations in the Old Maid Flat area of Mt. Hood, Oregon, approximately 50 miles east of Portland. The project will be conducted on lands within the Mt. Hood National Forest, which are currently under Federal Lease OR 13994 to the Northwest Geothermal Corporation. The exploratory geothermal operations will consist of (1) testing an existing 4,000-foot temperature gradient hole to determine the quality of geothermal fluids, and (2) drilling and testing a new 5,000-foot hole to determine overall geothermal reservoir characteristics.

AbstractŚA novel control scheme for improving the power efficiency of low-voltage dcľdc converters for battery-powered, portable applications is presented. In such applications, light-load efficiency is crucial for extending battery life, since mobile devices operate in stand-by mode for most of the time. The proposed technique adaptively reduces the inductor current ripple with decreasing load current while soft switching the converter to also reduce switching losses, thereby significantly improving light-load efficiency and therefore extending the operation life of battery-powered devices. A load-dependent, mode-hopping strategy is employed to maintain high efficiency over a wide load range. Hysteretic (sliding-mode) control with user programmable hysteresis is implemented to adaptively regulate the current ripple and therefore optimize conduction and switching losses. Experimental results show that for a 1-A, 5- to 1.8-V buck regulator, the proposed technique achieved 5 % power efficiency improvement (from 72 % to 77%) at 100 mA of load current and a 1.5% improvement (from 84 % to 85.5%) at 300 mA, which constitute light-load efficiency improvements, when compared to the best reported, state-of-the-art techniques. As a result, the battery life in a typical digital signalr processing microprocessor application is improved by 7%, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed solution. Index TermsŚBattery life, buck converter, dcľdc converter, efficiency, hysteretic control, sliding-mode control, soft switching, switching regulator.

923dc-45dc-45e5-b62b-3ca789517591 923dc-45dc-45e5-b62b-3ca789517591 No revision has been approved for this page. It is currently under review by our subject matter experts. Jump to: navigation, search Loading... 1. Basic Information 2. Demand 3. Energy << Previous 1 2 3 Next >> Basic Information Utility name: Northern States Power Co - Minnesota Effective date: 2012/05/01 End date if known: Rate name: SMALL GENERAL TIME OF DAY SERVICE Low Wattage (A22) Sector: Commercial Description: Customer Charge per Month (Please see page 5-24.1) Available to any non-residential customer for single or three phase electric service supplied through one meter. DETERMINATION OF CUSTOMER BILLS Customer bills shall reflect energy charges (if applicable) based on customer's kWh usage, plus a customer charge (if applicable), plus demand charges (if applicable) based on customer's kW billing demand as defined. INTERIM RATE ADJUSTMENT A 4.49% Interim Rate Surcharge will be applied to rate components specified in the "Interim Rate Surcharge Rider." In addition, customer bills under this rate are subject to the following adjustments and/or charges. FUEL CLAUSE Bills are subject to the adjustments provided for in the Fuel Clause Rider. RESOURCE ADJUSTMENT Bills are subject to the adjustments provided for in the Conservation Improvement Program Adjustment Rider, the State Energy Policy Rate Rider, the Renewable Development Fund Rider, the Transmission Cost Recovery Rider, the Renewable Energy Standard Rider and the Mercury Cost Recovery Rider. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT RIDER Bills are subject to the adjustments provided for in the Environmental Improvement Rider.

8 MILES NORTH OF PHlLADEl.PHlA 8 MILES NORTH OF PHlLADEl.PHlA HATBORO, PA. August 27, 1948 ! ! Frank Giaccio' Commission / I This follows my letter of August ZOth, in which I promised to advise you of our thoughts concerning beryllium, after I had completed a series of con- tacts with both.Government and private,grou?s and had an opportunity to evaluate the possibilities of using our process from the point of view of industrial research. By this, I meanthe possibility of the research leading into substantial production of parts. I believe I mentioned some of the contacts to you when I was in your office, and that we still had more to make. It is my opinion now that as far as beryllium is concerned, I cannot visualize the possibility of large production runs of parts; because it is

0 0 Recipient. County of Berks, PA ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND CONSERVATION BLOCK GRANTS NEPA COMPLIANCE FORM Activities Determination/ Categorical Exclusion Reviewer's Specific Instructions and Rationale (Restrictions and Allowable Activity) Replacement of Steam and Condensation Lines at North Campus B5.1 Waste Stream, Engineering, and Historical Preservation clauses. The new boiler cannot result in a net increase in air emissions. Additional Comments: Based on my review of information conveyed to me and in my possession (or attached) concerning the proposed action, as NEPA Compliance Officer (as authorized under DOE Order 451.1B), I have determined that the proposed action fits within the specified class of actions, other applicable regulatory requirements are met, and the proposed action is hereby categorically excluded from further

A more reactive liner material is needed for use as liner and cruciform material in tritium producing burnable absorber rods (TPBAR) in commercial light water nuclear reactors (CLWR). The function of these components is to convert any water that is released from the Li-6 enriched lithium aluminate breeder material to oxide and hydrogen that can be gettered, thus minimizing the permeation of tritium into the reactor coolant. Fourteen zirconium alloys were exposed to 2.5 kPa water vapor in a helium stream at 300 C over a period of up to 35 days. Experimental alloys with aluminum, yttrium, vanadium, titanium, and scandium, some of which also included ternaries with nickel, were included along with a high nitrogen impurity alloy and the commercial alloy Zircaloy-2. They displayed a reactivity range of almost 500, with Zircaloy-2 being the least reactive.