..Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy has been shown to improve cardiovascular morbidity and mortality related to OSA, but the mechanisms underlying this association are not fully understood...

..These changes include activation of peripheral sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, insulin sensitivity, and inflammatory cytokines alterations, which predispose an individual to vascular damage...

The impact of metabolic parameters on clinical response to VEGF inhibitors for diabetic macular edema