Law: Enforcement: Iran and Afghanistan

(1,220 words)

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iran

Long-term prisons in
Iran
were established in the twentieth century. The replacement of
corporal
punishment
with prolonged incarceration was part of the modernization process
in which the traditional dual judicial system of
Sharīʿa
(religious) courts and
ʿurf
(secular) courts was being transformed into a uniform one. Yet
some components ascribed to modernity go back to the unique case of
Qur…