3 Sempra LNG Energía Costa AzulOperational Q2 2008, 100% ownership and 1.0 Bcf/d capacityNitrogen plant operational Q4 2009Expansion operational beyond planning periodCameron LNGOperational Mid 2009, 100% ownership and 1.5 Bcf/d capacityPort Arthur Marine Petroleum Terminal & Storage (2011)Joint Venture with Valero Energy Corp.Sempra LNG is working to bring natural gas to North America to meet the growing demand.Natural gas is abundant in other parts of the world. That gas can be supercooled so it turns into a portable liquid, and then shipped to Sempra LNG’s receipt terminals in North America. There the LNG is turned back into gas and sent to market.Energia Costa Azul (Completion May 2008)The terminal is fully contracted and capable of processing 1 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) of natural gas, with room for expansion. While Sempra LNG owns 100 percent of the facility, the company is leasing half of Energía Costa Azul's processingcapacity to Shell International Gas Limited under a 20-year agreement. Sempra LNG's half of the capacity at Energía Costa Azul will be supplied from a new liquefaction facility nearing completion at Tangguh, Indonesia. Shipments from the Indonesianfacility should begin arriving in the second quarter of 2009.Cameron LNGOn the Calcasieu Channel, 18 miles from the Gulf of Mexico in Hackberry, La.Owned 100 percent by Sempra Energy; represents a capital investment of about US$750M.1.5 billion cubic feet per day of initial send out capacity, with room for expansion.Port Arthur Marine Petroleum Terminal & StorageProject announcement on October 14, 2008A new joint venture with Valero Energy Corp.

4 Sempra Pipelines & StorageFall 2009Sempra Pipelines & Storage Corp. acquires, builds and operates natural gas pipelines and storage facilities in Latin America and the United States. The company and its affiliates operate and/or own 1,200 miles of pipeline in northern Mexico and the United States, and are in the process of building an additional 800 miles of pipeline.Sempra Pipelines & Storage is a partner with Kinder Morgan and ConocoPhillips to build Rockies Express Pipeline, which will stretch more than 1,600 miles from Colorado to Ohio. This enhancement of the United States' energy infrastructure will come online in phases from 2007 through 2009.Sempra Pipelines & Storage and its partner, ProLiance Energy, have developed Liberty Gas Storage. This salt-cavern natural gas storage project provides 17 billion cubic feet of ready-to-move, environmentally sound natural gas storage service to shippers on five interstate pipelines. Its pipeline operations began in 2007, with underground natural gas storage injections expected to begin in the third quarter of 2008.Sempra Pipelines & Storage owns Mobile Gas and Midstream. Mobile Gas is a natural gas local distribution company, serving residential, commercial, and industrial customers in Mobile and Baldwin counties in Southwest Alabama. Midstream is a provider of midstream natural gas services. Midstream companies include: Bay Gas Storage, Mississippi Hub, Southern Gas Transmission (SGT) and EnergySouth Services.Sempra Pipelines & Storage also manages natural gas and electricity distribution systems in Mexico and South America.4

5 Sempra Generation SP15 PV Existing Combined Cycle Fleet EfficientLow EmissionsHigh AvailabilityRenewable10MW Solar PV Completed 12/200848MW Solar PV Expected 6/2010500MW Solar in Development1000MW Wind in DevelopmentSolar DevelopmentWind DevelopmentExisting 10MW SolarSP15PVSempra Generation provides power to key wholesale electricity markets in North America.The company owns and operates power plants which are among the cleanest and most advanced in the western United States. These plants use clean-burning natural gas to produce electricity that is sold to utilities, power marketers and large energy users.Sempra Generation also develops renewable energy generation projects.5

6 SDG&E and SoCal Gas 24 million consumers24,000 square miles of service territory6.5 million gas meters1.4 million electric metersSoCal Gas is the largest natural gas distribution utility in USASan Diego Gas & Electric SDG&E lit its first lamp on San Diego streets in Today the full-service utility provides electricity and natural gas to 3.4 million consumers across 4,000 square miles from Orange County to the Mexican border.Southern California Gas Co. SoCalGas lit its first street lamp in Los Angeles in 1867 – years before Thomas Edison made his biggest discovery. Since then, the company has grown into the nation’s largest natural gas distribution utility. SoCalGas serves more than 20 million consumers across 20,000 square miles throughout central and Southern California.

10 OSIsoft PI Deployment in SempraPower & Gas UtilitiesInfrastructure & MarketingSempra GenerationSempra LNGCombined Cycle UnitsSolar & WindRe-gasification ProcessPlant OperationsSouthern California GasSan Diego Gas & ElectricSempra Pipelines& StorageRBS Sempra Commodities*Gas storage fieldsGenerationTransmissionDistributionGas storage/trans.* Sempra’s ownership interest is 49%Sempra Energy has deployed OSI PI in many of its business units. PI serves the day to day planning, monitoring, operational, and maintenance needs of these specific business units.PI was first adopted in the power generation business units. It was implemented in SDG&E for Power Transmission and Distribution about five years ago. Later PI was deployed in Gas Storage Facilities in SoCal Gas in the West coast , merchant Gas Storage Projects in the Southwest, and most recently deployed in the LNG terminals. PI will also be implemented in our renewable power generation projects.10

12 T&D System Operations System Operating DiagramThis is an example of PI application in electric substation & distribution. This integrated one-line diagram provides both key transmission and distribution operating data which improves the coordination between the transmission operating center and the distribution operating center. Operators can quickly determine a substation outage by the T&D circuit breaker status and notify substation personnel to respond quickly. Substation personnel also has real-time access to this diagram to support outage restoration, planning, operations, and equipment maintenance.12

13 Distribution PlanningPotential Overload Watch ListDistribution Planning engineers are able to monitor and report on highly loaded circuits with potential overload. This tool allows the engineer to manage the circuit loading proactively before an overload alarm is triggered. The engineer has the option to cut over distribution branches through switching to balance circuit loading in the distribution network or initiate temporary equipment upgrade.13

14 Emergency Operations Rolling Blackout/Load CurtailmentThis application allows the personnel in the Emergency Operating Center to manage a load curtailment event (a proactive rolling outage program directed by the California Independent System Operator to restore the operating reserve to above 5%). The distribution circuits are listed in order of the load curtailment sequence. The personnel can group the circuits quickly, select the total load requirement, and initiate an automatic action to open these circuits. Additional groups can also be selected anticipating the curtailment for the next hour. With this tool, each load curtailment request can be fully executed in minutes.14

15 Dynamic Transmission RatingOH Transmission Dynamic Rating vs. Static Rating• Ruling span conceptLoad Cells for measuring cable tension• Cable Tension (CAT) Monitoring Unit• Radio transmitter230KV UG Cable• Fiber optic sensorsReal-time modelingDynamic ratingWith this monitoring tool, the transmission operator can make real time decision on the operating limit of the transmission segment. In overhead transmission, it consist of a wire tension monitoring unit, an Remote Terminal Unit with weather monitoring, and a communication link. In underground transmission XLPE cable, the fiber optic temperature sensors is embedded in the cable jacket.The traditional conductor thermal limits were built with safety factors. This real-time monitoring tool has shown that the dynamic rating of the line segment is always above the emergency rating. This information allows the operators addition options in managing a transmission network and to maximize the capability of existing transmission lines.15

20 Transformer Operating LimitsComparison of hot spot rise over top oilsimulated versus actualTop Oil Hot Spot LOLIEEEPtloadActual HS riseDecision: Based on Transformer Unit Health and Real Time ConditionsAlso with available historical, routine, and real-time data, the engineer can predict the dynamic rating of the transformer by running loading simulation using IEEE or Ptload software.20

21 CBM PI Notifications Email AlertOne of the key application of PI – Real-time AlertsIt allows the substation personnel and operators to setup lower priority alerts.Personnel can receive s and text messages or these alerts.These non-critical alerts would allow scheduling of maintenance activities.It also provide early warning system to the operator so that emergency plan could be created in the event of an equipment failure.21

22 CCGT Plant OperationsThis is an example of a PI display for monitoring a combined cycle power plant. It gives a quick summary of the plant’s operating status:Turbine outputTurbine vibrationBoiler feed pumpsCooling systemUnits and ambient temperatureControl communication status22

24 Real-time Emission MonitoringPredicted vs. Actual MeasurementsThis Emission monitoring application displays the composition of the inlet flue gas (Nox, CO, O2) before and after the ammonia injection process. The display includes the key operating status of the injection storage tank , pumps and valves. This real-time emission monitoring system also provide predicted emission values, performs self calibration daily and alerts the operator when the Nox exceeds the 2.5 ppm set point.24

25 Gas Pipeline ApplicationGasoducto Bajonorte Pipeline MonitoringPressureTemperatureFlowThis Emission monitoring application displays the composition of the inlet flue gas (Nox, CO, O2) before and after the ammonia injection process. The display includes the key operating status of the injection storage tank , pumps and valves. This real-time emission monitoring system also provide predicted emission values, performs self calibration daily and alerts the operator when the Nox exceeds the 2.5 ppm set point.25

26 LNG Terminal ApplicationEnergía Costa Azul (ECA)This Emission monitoring application displays the composition of the inlet flue gas (Nox, CO, O2) before and after the ammonia injection process. The display includes the key operating status of the injection storage tank , pumps and valves. This real-time emission monitoring system also provide predicted emission values, performs self calibration daily and alerts the operator when the Nox exceeds the 2.5 ppm set point.26

27 Solar Generation ProjectsEl Dorado 10MW Solar PV (COD:12/31/2008)30 miles Southeast of Las VegaTechnology: Thin Film Solar PV (CdTe)Expected Annual Yield: 23,000 MWhCopper Mountain 48MW Solar PV (6/2010)30 miles Southeast of Las VegasMesquite Solar (up to 500MW Solar PV or Thermal : 2010 – 2014)Near Palo Verde in ArizonaThe El Dorado Solar PV project is Sempra Generation’s first solar PV project. It is located near Las Vegas and has one of the best solar irradiance in USA. It consists of solar panels, inverters, step-up transformers covering about 60 football fields. This 10MW project will be completed by December 2008 and will be the largest thin film solar plant in USA. Sempra Generation has gained significant experience in constructing this solar facility. Some of the key challenges in operating a solar plant include day-ahead output forecasting, intra-hour forecasting, cloud coverage and intermittency impacts, and power scheduling.27

29 Solar Field MonitoringPerformance MonitoringDC and AC OutputInverter Operating ConditionsWeather ConditionsSolar field monitoring is very critical because the performance of solar panels and inverters are very sensitive to the operating temperature. The PI display will consist of total system DC and AC output. Operating and performance data from the 20 intelligent inverters are accessible. By comparing the performance of these 20 inverters, performance and degradation of solar panels and inverter can be measured against manufacturer specifications.Through continuous monitoring, Sempra Generation will gain additional operating experience of dust (fouling) effects on solar panels’ performance and will determine a washing schedule based on economics.29

30 Visual KPI – PI Data To GoPlant Output MonitoringConditions Alert viaSolar field monitoring is very critical because the performance of solar panels and inverters are very sensitive to the operating temperature. The PI display will consist of total system DC and AC output. Operating and performance data from the 20 intelligent inverters are accessible. By comparing the performance of these 20 inverters, performance and degradation of solar panels and inverter can be measured against manufacturer specifications.Through continuous monitoring, Sempra Generation will gain additional operating experience of dust (fouling) effects on solar panels’ performance and will determine a washing schedule based on economics.30

31 Solar Generation ApplicationsIrradiance Analysis (Historical, Predicted, and Actual)National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL)Typical Meteorological Year (TMY)TMY2 and TMY3 Data SetsStatistical ModelingSolar output forecasting is a challenging activity. Hourly historical solar irradiance data is available for about 30 years, the information is primarily applicable for statistical annual output forecast. In order to produce day-ahead forecast, the output data from the most recent days and a hourly weather forecast for cloud coverage and cloud ceiling are required. Even with these data, the day-ahead forecast is an attempt to provide a best estimate of the daily output only. The hour to hour and intra-hour output fluctuation due to cloud and other weather conditions will require additional equipment and modeling.31

32 Solar Generation ApplicationsOutput forecastingModelingHistorical output analysisEquipment conditionsDay-Ahead (DA) scheduledDA Scheduled versus actual metered quantityIntra-hour forecastRequires additional pyranometers & weather stationsTo mitigate schedule imbalance and intermittenciesOperations & MaintenanceSystem and panels performance monitoring (Equipment degradation)Soil condition & washing frequencyWeather forecastPredictable trendsSolar output forecasting is a challenging activity. Hourly historical solar irradiance data is available for about 30 years, the information is primarily applicable for statistical annual output forecast. In order to produce day-ahead forecast, the output data from the most recent days and a hourly weather forecast for cloud coverage and cloud ceiling are required. Even with these data, the day-ahead forecast is an attempt to provide a best estimate of the daily output only. The hour to hour and intra-hour output fluctuation due to cloud and other weather conditions will require additional equipment and modeling.32

33 Wind Generation Data PlanningWind Data ArchitectureLOCAL CONTROL CENTERSCADA MasterPI OPC ServerWind SCADA (PLCs)FiberFiberWind FarmBACK-UP CONTROL CENTERSCADA AccessPI OPC ServerT1 LinkCentralPI ServerSempra Generation plans to collect the wind data similar to the solar project at El Dorado. Due to the large area involved, local data communication will require fiber optics. We also anticipate to have a local control center and a back-up control center (Mexicali).Wind Data Access33

34 Looking Forward…Continue to expand analysis & modeling capabilities in PIReal-time & Historical Data Analysis & ModelingTimely Decision Making CapabilityEnergy Market Assessment & TransactionImprove Abilities for New Business DevelopmentCreate Synergy Across the Integrated BusinessData Integration of linked BusinessesData and Information Access ManagementAs you have seen in some of our application using OSIsoft PI, I believe we have only scratch of the surface in turning available data into valuable and relevant information. We will continue to expand our data collection, analysis, and modeling capabilities at Sempra Energy. We believe a successful company must have the ability to make good judgment decisively. This core capability is best augmented by a powerful data and information system. We believe OSIsoft PI is a key component of this data system.。34

35 Current Development in PIOrganized Market - CAISO LMP Prices AnalysisCAISO Real-time & Historical DataHourly Day-ahead LMP Prices (over 3000 nodes)5 Minute Real-time LMP Prices (over 3000 nodes)Decision Drivers from AnalysisPlanned Outage SchedulingAdaptive Plant OperationsBidding StrategiesHedging for CongestionsAs you have seen in some of our application using OSIsoft PI, I believe we have only scratch of the surface in turning available data into valuable and relevant information. We will continue to expand our data collection, analysis, and modeling capabilities at Sempra Energy. We believe a successful company must have the ability to make good judgment decisively. This core capability is best augmented by a powerful data and information system. We believe OSIsoft PI is a key component of this data system.。35

36 Future Applications in PIBi-lateral Energy Market - Pricing AnalysisHistorical, Actual, and Forward PricesDaily On-peak and Off-peak Prices by Trading HubTemperature Data (Historical, Actual, & Forecast)Supply & Demand DataOther Cost Drivers: Commodities PricesCrude Oil / Heating OilNatural GasAs you have seen in some of our application using OSIsoft PI, I believe we have only scratch of the surface in turning available data into valuable and relevant information. We will continue to expand our data collection, analysis, and modeling capabilities at Sempra Energy. We believe a successful company must have the ability to make good judgment decisively. This core capability is best augmented by a powerful data and information system. We believe OSIsoft PI is a key component of this data system.。36

37 Future Applications in PISmart Grid – An Energy Supply ChainLearning from the Best in Retail BusinessSupply Chain of Walmart (from Store Shelves to Suppliers)As you have seen in some of our application using OSIsoft PI, I believe we have only scratch of the surface in turning available data into valuable and relevant information. We will continue to expand our data collection, analysis, and modeling capabilities at Sempra Energy. We believe a successful company must have the ability to make good judgment decisively. This core capability is best augmented by a powerful data and information system. We believe OSIsoft PI is a key component of this data system.。37

38 Future Applications in PISmart Grid’s Supply Chain=PI System InfrastructureElectron FlowCoal, NuclearBase Load PlantsInvestor Owned Utility Co.CustomersSmart MetersLNG ImportGas Trans./ StorageNatural GasCombined Cycle PlantsTransmissionNetworkPublicly Owned AgenciesCustomersGas, Solar, WindPeakersRenewableInformation FlowData IntegrationData in Silos Today! Smart Grid Will Drive End-to-End Data Integration!As you have seen in some of our application using OSIsoft PI, I believe we have only scratch of the surface in turning available data into valuable and relevant information. We will continue to expand our data collection, analysis, and modeling capabilities at Sempra Energy. We believe a successful company must have the ability to make good judgment decisively. This core capability is best augmented by a powerful data and information system. We believe OSIsoft PI is a key component of this data system.。38

39 DNA of a Successful CompanyIn SummaryDNA of a Successful CompanyPeople & Company CultureMake good judgmentMake decisions timelyWork hardSucceed as a teamContinuous improvement mindsetOSIsoft PI InfrastructureLeveraging TechnologyData Integration & Analysis for JIT Decision Support & CommunicationRelevant Information Drives Efficiency & ProductivityThe objectives of using data and information to achieve your goals could be very different, however, I believe the structure and process for data and information are very similar. The list in the slide is what I think the DNA of a successful company will be consisted of. I hope you find my presentation useful and hope that someday you would be sharing your success story.39

40 “It is not the strongest of the species that survive, nor the most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change.” Charles Darwin Be Prepared for Changes!40

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