13Modeling Classes 14Modeling Standards Scope Scope of this modeling standard is based on a given level of resolution and fidelity.

15Resolution of Models

Resolution is defined as the degree of detail and precision used in the representation of real world aspects in a model or simulation

High resolution assumes physical entities of each of the 7 OSI layers are represented down to the lowest possible physical device. Since resolution can be defined down to the smallest particle in the universe (such as an electron or even smaller), highest resolution models here will be defined down to a communication device that is considered to be a product of a formal C4ISR communication-related ACAT 1, 2 or 3 program.

16Fidelity of Models

Fidelity will be based on measures of performance and effectiveness requirements derived from the JCS modeling and simulation metrics. These MOPs/MOEs were derived from the operational community and are not based on a particular modeling environment.

17Attributes

Static or Dynamic

Common Attributes (e.g. name of entity, position, state)

Administrative

Device Interface

Messages

Optional

18Minimum Attributes

Each model class has an associated required set of attributes that describes the functionality and performance of a communications device.

Each of the attributes from this required set is a necessary feature for the model to exhibit an appropriate device behavior.

Appropriate behavior of a device model is based on the MOPs.

For example, transmit rate is in the set of required attributes for a radio since transmit rate is vital in deriving link throughput in a simulation.

19Attribute Types

String

Text string value

Real

Double precision floating point number

Integer

Long integer number

Boolean

True/False, 1/0, Enabled/Disabled, On/Off

Enumerated

Datatype that can be assigned only a finite set of values

Complex

Datatype that consists of aggregate of multiple attribute types in a single structure

20Device Interface Attributes

21Navy OPNET ModelsSystems and Networks

CVN

LHD

DDG

CG

TCA Ships

ISNS U/C (various versions)

JSIPS-N

FLBCST

ADNS

EC5G LOE Lab

FORCENET LOE Platforms

GiG

ADMS

NCTAMS

NNOC

Computers (Client/Server)

Custom Workstations/Servers (PTW, IPL, etc).

Routers (Cisco, Fore, etc.)

Hubs (10baseT)

Switches (100BaseT, 1000BaseT, etc.)

Wired Links

Link 11

Link 16

C2P

EHF TIP

Tactical Voice (KY68, STU-III, MMT, DNVT)

Switched Voice (PBXs)

TD1271 (DAMA)

SATCOM Devices

WSC 3/6/8 Radios

USC 38

TACINTEL

IINMARSAT B Radio

TACLANE

KG 84/194

Multiplexers (FCC100s, Timeplex Link 2/100s)

Patch Panels

BFEM Server

Custom Workstations/Servers (PTW, IPL, etc).

TCDL

DevicesProtocols and Processes

Application Models (FTP, Rlogin, Email, etc)

IP (v4, v6, QoS)

ATM

AAL

Token Ring

Frame Relay

Ethernet (10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, etc.)

TCP

UDP

JRE (JREAP A)

STANAG 5066

DSRMA

Dynamic TDMA

MANET Protocols (AODV, OLSR, etc.)

DAMA

Routing Protocols (RIP, OSPF, BGP, etc.)

802.11

Wireless Channels (propagation models)

SATCOM orbits

Mobility

22Recent MS Studies

South West and North East Asia (SWA, NEA) amphibious readiness group (ARG) assessment for NETWARS QDR

NCTAMS FMX network congestion analysis

EC5G LOE Scalability Study

Wireless MANET Subnet Relay prototype modeling.

Unified Worldwide Ship-to-Shore Navy Network

EIGRP and OSPF routing study (see paper 04S-SIW-089)

Time Critical Strike (TCS)

Assessment of various C4ISR system families to support TCS

23Recent MS Studies (continued)

Battleforce Composite Networking (BCN)

Examined JDN data transfers through JPN networks using IP QoS

Deployable Autonomous Distributed System (DADS)

Prototype modeling effort for distributed sensor networks

End-to-end test bed for PMW 179

TTIC lab model construction to augment hardware simulations

24Time Critical Strike (TCS) Study

Lead analysts for the TCS and BFC2 MCPs

ASN (RDA) CHENG

Objective was to assess alternate TCS threads through different C4ISR system families.

Mapping entities in NSS to entities in NETWARS is relatively straight forward.

The names of the NETWARS entities were constrained to match the names of the NSS entities.

NSS can dynamically create objects and start sending updates at any point during the simulation run, but there is no mechanism for dynamically creating entities in NETWARS.

All NETWARS entities must be created before execution begins. When NETWARS receives the first update it will position the entity in the correct location and begin interacting with it. Until then the object can remain in a far off location where it wont interfere with the execution of the simulation.

41General Problems and Solutions (continued)

Model Fidelity High fidelity models in NETWARS have a large impact on federation performance.

Navy NETWARS Link-16 models frequency hopping, equates to an event every 13 micro-seconds simulation time. Value of this level of fidelity is questionable for this project.

Time Management Overheads Small lookahead values can significantly improve performance.

Ongoing effort Show how using NETWARS communication models affects the outcome of the simulation.

Do higher fidelity models impact MOEs or scenario outcomes?

Is the price in performance worth the extra fidelity?

42Outline

Background

NETWARS

NSS-NETWARS Integration

Concluding Remarks

43Concluding Remarks

Participate in NETWARS Architecture Standards WIPT to advance joint communications model and infrastructure development and assessment

Conduct parallel and follow-up investigations into the integration of NETWARS with other simulators using HLA to leverage the strengths of each and promote software reuse

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