1005Treaty of Shanyuan was signed between Chinese Song Dynasty and Khitan Liao Dynasty.

990 - 1020 30 Fan Kuans Carreer Landscape painter

1010 with aid of scholars such as Song Zhun, Lu Duosun compiles a massive work of cartography in 1566 chapters, including mapped topography of each provincial region in China down to minute level of small towns and villages; this was an imperial compendium first issued by Emperor Taizu of Song in 971.

1010sFan Kuan paints Travelers among Mountains and Streams. Northern Song dynasty. It is now kept at National Palace Museum, Taipei, Taiwan.

1013Prime Tortoise of Record Bureau One of Four Great Books of Song, compiled by 1013 was largest of Song Chinese encyclopedias. Divided into 1000 volumes, it consisted of 9.4 million written Chinese characters. by Wang Qinruo

1001 - 1100 99 demands of Chinese iron industry for charcoal led to a huge amount of deforestation, which was curbed when Chinese discovered how to use bituminous coal in smelting cast iron and steel, thus sparing thousands of acres of prime timberland.

1024Worlds 1st paperprinted money can be traced back to year 1024, in Sichuan province of Song Dynasty China. Chinese government would step in and overtake this trend, issuing central governments official banknote in 1120s.

1027Recreates mechanical compassvehicle Yan Su of South Pointing Chariot, first invented by Ma Jun in 3rd century

1028 King of Srivijaya appeals to Song Dynasty Chinese, sending a diplomatic mission to their capital at Kaifeng.

1037Jiyun Rhyme dictionary by Ding Du. Expanded by later scholars.

1037 - 1101 64 Su Shi Poet one of renowned poets of Song Dynasty, who also penned works of travel literature.

Chinese official Cai Xiang 1012 - 67 55 oversaw construction of Wanan Bridge in Fujian, and may have been leading member of an engineering school due to many other bridges of similar construction built in Fujian. song

1043 Song Dynasty Chancellor of China, Fan Zhongyan, and prominent official and historian Ouyang Xiu introduce Qingli Reforms, which would be rescinded by court in 1045 due to partisan resistance to reforms.

1044 Wujing Zongyao, by Zeng Gongliang and Yang Weide, is first book to describe gunpowder formulas; it also described their use in warfare, such as blackpowderimpregnated fuses for flamethrowers. It also described an early form of compass, a thermoremanence compass.

1069 - 76 7 New Policies with support of Emperor Shenzong of Song, Chancellor Wang Anshi of Chinese Song Dynasty introduces , including Baojia system of societal organization and militias, lowcost loans for farmers, taxes instead of corvée labor, government monopolies on tea, salt, and wine, reforming land survey system, and eliminating poetry requirement in imperial examination system to gain bureaucrats of a more practical bent.

1070Ben Cao Tu Jing With a team of scholars, Chinese official Su Song also published in 1070, a treatise on pharmacology, botany, zoology, metallurgy, and mineralogy Some of drug concoctions in Sus book included ephedrine, mica minerals, and linaceae

1075Partial Decarbonization Method of Repreated Forging of Cast Iron Under Cold Blast Song Chinese innovate a that Hartwell and Needham consider to be a predecessor to 18th century Bessemer process

1075 - 7 2 Song Dynasty of China and Lý Dynasty of Vietnam fight a border war, with Vietnamese forces striking first on land and with their navy, and afterwards Song armies advancing as far as modernday Hanoi, capital, but withdraw after Lý makes peace overtures; in 1082, both sides exchange territories that they had captured during war, and later a border agreement is reached.

1076 Song Chinese allied with southern Vietnamese Champa and Cambodian Chenla to conquer Lý Dynasty, which was an unsuccessful campaign.

1076Strict Government Monopolies on Production & Distribution of Sulfur & Saltpetrethe Chinese Song Dynasty places , in order to curb possibility of merchants selling gunpowder formula components to enemies such as Tanguts and Khitans.

1011 - 77 66 Shao Yong Historian, Poet & Philosopher

1077Su Songs astronomical clock tower Chinese official Su Song is sent on a diplomatic mission to Liao Dynasty and discovers that Khitan calendar is more mathematically accurate than Song calendar; Emperor Zhezong later sponsors in order to compete with Liao astronomers.

1019 - 79 60 Wen Tong Painter

1080Poet Su Shi Exiled from court for writing poems criticizing various reforms of New Policies Group.

1080 - 1 1 Chinese statesman and scientist Shen Kuo is put in command of campaign against Western Xia, and although he successfully halts their invasion route to Yanzhou (modern Yanan), another officer disobeys imperial orders and campaign is ultimately a failure because of it.

1087New office at International Seaport of Quanzhou established to handle and regulate taxes and tariffs on all mercantile transactions of foreign goods coming from Africa, Arabia, India, Sri Lanka, Persia, and South East Asia.

1088Dream Pool Essays is completed by Shen Kuo of Song China.

10881st reference to magnetic compass renowned polymath Chinese scientist and official Shen Kuo made worlds in his book Dream Pool Essays, along with encyclopedic documentation and inquiry into scientific discoveries.

1088Pound Lock As written by Shen Kuo in his Dream Pool Essays, earlier in China allows large ships to travel along canals without laborious hauling, thus allowing smooth travel of government ships holding cargo of up to 700 tan (49½ tons) and large privately ownedships holding cargo of up to 1600 tan (113 tons)

1031 - 95 64 Theory for Land Formation (Geomorphology) Chinese scientist Shen Kuo creates a, theorized that climate change occurred over time, discovers concept of true north, improves design of astronomical sighting tube to view polestar indefinitely, hypothesizes retrogradation theory of planetary motion, and by observing lunar eclipse and solar eclipse he hypothesized that sun and moon were spherical Shen Kuo also experimented with camera obscura just decades after Ibn alHaitham, although Shen was first to treat it with quantitative attributes He also took an interdisciplinary approach to studies in archaeology

1093liberal reforms of Wang Anshi reinstated when Chinese Empress Dowager Gao dies, conservative faction that had followed Sima Guang is ousted from court, the, and Emperor Zhezong of Song halted all negotiations with Tanguts of Western Xia, resuming in armed conflict with them.

1075 Chinese official and diplomat Shen Kuo asserts Song Dynastys rightful border lines by using court archives against bold bluff of Emperor Daozong of Liao, who had asserted that Liao Dynasty territory exceeded its earlieraccepted bounds.

Tibet Empire
1000s

brings about a brief period where central power is taken out of hands of Fujiwara clan

980 - 1054 74 Atisha, influential Buddhist teacher to Tibet

1052 - 1135 83 Milarepa Poet, Yogi, and member of Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism

1132 - 83 51 Chinese navy increases from a mere 3,000 marine soldiers to 52,000 marine soldiers stationed in 20 different squadrons. During this time, hundreds of treadmilloperated paddle wheel craft are assembled for navy, in order to combat Jurchens Jin Dynasty in north.

1132 Southern Song Dynasty establishes Chinas first permanent standing navy, although China had a long naval history prior. main admirals office was stationed at port of Dinghai.

1141Treaty of Shaoxing ends conflicts between Jin Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty, legally establishing boundaries of two countries and forcing Song Dynasty to renounce all claims to its former territories north of Huai River. treaty reduced Southern Song into a quasitributary state of Jurchen Jin Dynasty.

1103 - 42 39 Yue Fei General

1085 - 1145 60 Zhang Zeduan Landscape Painter song

1085 - 1145 60 Zhang Zeduan Painter

1084 - 1151 67 Lady Li Qingzhao Poet, Writer

1161Battle of Tangdao Song Dynasty Chinese navy, employing gunpowder bombs launched from trebuchets, defeats enormous Jin Dynasty navy in East China Sea in and on in .

1178 Chinese writer Zhou Qufei, a Guangzhou customs officer, writes of an island far west in Indian Ocean (possibly Madagascar), from where people with skin "as black as lacquer" and with frizzy hair were captured and purchased as slaves by Arab merchants.

1363Battle of Lake Poyang, a naval conflict between Chinese rebel groups led by Chen Youliang and Zhu Yuanzhang. one of largest naval battles in history.

1340sJiao Yu, Chinese general and author of Huolongjing military treatise

Ming
1368 - 1644 276

Nanjing1368 - 1421 53

1368 Ming dynasty is founded by a Chinese peasant and former Buddhist monk turned rebel, Chu Yuanchang, under whose leadership China regains independence from corrupt and inefectual Mongols rulers after a 13 year rebellion.

1164 - 1214 50 Genghis Khan founded Mongul Empire. (An alternate spelling is Zengis Khan.) ZengisKhan was one of bloodiest conquerors of world. Fourteen million people perished by his sword, under pretense of establishing worship of "One God and Mahomet as his Prophet."

1225 Jochi dies and his son Batu inherits his Khanate and assigns eastern part to his brother Orda

1227 Genghis Khan dies and is succeeded by Ogodai who rules over Chaghatays khanate in West Turkestan, Toluis Eastern Mongolia, Batus Blue Horde in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, and Ordas White Horde in Kazakhstan and Ogodai moves capital to Karakorum