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Chromosomal abnormalities are asked to be screened for, by a gynaecologist if there any abnormal pregnancy symptoms. Fetal abnormalities can be screened in early stages of pregnancy, however, there are no treatments post chromosomal abnormality screening. Molar pregnancy is a condition in which there is an abnormal composition of chromosomes. A molar pregnancy test is done with the help of urine samples. The urine samples are tested again and again to make sure that the HCG disappears. The options available for screening of chromosomal abnormalities are divided into three. The first one is the first-trimester screen. This is done using a blood test and ultrasound measurement. Blood can be drawn in between the 9th week and the 13th week. As for the ultrasound, it can be performed between the 11th week and the 13th week. This detects 85% of Down syndrome and 90% of trisomy 18 or 13. Quadruple screen or second-trimester screen detects 85-90% of fetuses with neural tube defects. It also helps in detecting 75-80% of fetuses with Down syndrome and 65% of fetuses with trisomy 18. The last one is the sequential screen which combines both first and second-trimester screening. This allows an increase in the percentage of detection of Down syndrome and Trisomy 18. This test detects 92% of fetuses with Down syndrome and trisomy 18, 90% of fetuses with trisomy 13 and, 90% of fetuses with open NTDs.
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