In Marx's view, real-world contradictions are based in the social structure of the society in question, and inherently lead to class conflict, crisis, and eventually revolution where the existing order is overthrown and the formerly oppressed class rises up and assumes political power.

For liberal thinkers, the problem of public goods may be interpreted as a "contradiction" in that there is a conflict between what is good for society, i.e., the production of a public good, and what is good for individual free riders who refuse to pay the costs of the public good.

It often occurs in philosophy that the presence of the argument contradicts with the claims of the argument.

The problems are: the two world outlooks, the universality of contradiction, the particularity of contradiction, the principal contradiction and the principal aspect of a contradiction, the identity and struggle of the aspects of a contradiction, and the place of antagonism in contradiction.

The study of the various states of unevenness in contradictions, of the principal and non-principal contradictions and of the principal and the non-principal aspects of a contradiction constitutes an essential method by which a revolutionary political party correctly determines its strategic and tactical policies both in political and in military affairs.

Contradiction and struggle are universal and absolute, but the methods of resolving contradictions, that is, the forms of struggle, differ according to the differences in the nature of the contradictions.

In Jurgen Habermas's usage of the concept, a performative contradiction is a lack of fit between the content and the performance of a speech act.

The above example "all statements must be false" is a performative contradiction because the speaker performs the action of stating something that contradicts the truthfulness of the speech act.

The statement "Hierarchies do not exist" offers a more subtle example of performative contradiction referring to the very capacity of making a statement, because the statement itself is a hierarchy of semiotic relations of letters (as symbols) formed into words (as signifiers) formed into a sentence (as a statement).

These contradictions can either by technical; where alternative solutions improve one aspect of the design at the expense of another: or physical; where the physical state of the object must be in two states at once.

This is contradicted by the need to weigh as little as possible extend endurance, and thus reduce fuel load.

The best solution is one where the contradiction is removed: where there is no link between the amount of fuel and the weight.

These include contradictions among the interests of the state, the interests of the collective and the interests of the individual; between democracy and centralism; between the leadership and the led; and the contradiction arising from the bureaucratic style of work of certain government workers in their relations with the masses.

Within the ranks of the people, the contradictions among the working people are non-antagonistic, while those between the exploited and the exploiting classes have a non-antagonistic aspect in addition to an antagonistic aspect.

The contradiction between the national bourgeoisie and the working class is one between the exploiter and the exploited, and is by nature antagonistic.

Contradiction is present in the process of development of all things; it permeates the process of development of each thing from beginning to end.

We who are engaged in the Chinese revolution should not only understand the particularity of these contradictions in their totality, that is, in their interconnections, but should also study the two aspects of each contradiction as the only means of understanding the totality.

But this contradiction of capitalism belongs only to a certain historical stage in the general development of class society; as far as the contradiction between the productive forces and the relations of production in class society as a w hole is concerned, it constitutes the particularity of contradiction.

That is by saying that contradiction is a state of dualism we think we have solved it - which is obviously a mere convention, a contributory escape from actuality.

Contradiction arises only when the mind has a fixed point of desire; that is when the mind does not regard all desire as moving, transient, but seizes upon one desire and makes that into a permanency - only then, when other desires arise, is there contradiction.

Thought itself has become a contradiction because we have not understood the total process of ourselves; and that understanding is possible only when we are fully aware of our thought, not as an observer operating upon his thought, but integrally and without choice - which is extremely arduous.

Contradictions are distinguished as inner and outer, antagonistic and non-antagonistic, fundamental and non-fundamental, particular and general.

Nicolas of Cusa and Giordano Bruno described contradiction as a picture of the penetration of opposites by one another, as a result of which that contradiction turns out to be the inner connection of opposites.

Fichte saw in a contradiction the beginning from which flow all attributes of a theoretical system, which is formulated as “something equal and not equal to itself.” Hegel added that contradiction is the foundation of every movement, the cause of the formation and destruction of things.

Russell, however, was the first to discuss the contradiction at length in his published works, the first to attempt to formulate solutions and the first to appreciate fully its importance.

Russell discovered the contradiction from considering Cantor's power class theorem: the mathematical result that the number of entities in a certain domain is always smaller than the number of subclasses of those entities.

Indeed, contradictions and problems were soon found in the work of those logicians, philosophers and mathematicians who made such assumptions.

The above flange joint example may be seen as a continuous contradiction in that while we managed to halve the number of bolts around the joint, the contradiction between leakage performance and number of bolts still exists.

Using Contradictions to assist in creating these paradigm shifts is one of the great strengths of the TRIZ methodology.

The term ‘contradiction chains’ is appropriate in the continuous solution context because each paradigm shift serves to improve the relationship between the two conflicting parameters in question, and thus increases the net value to the customer, even though the conflict still exists to some extent.

Francis Schaeffer attributed the decline of 20th-century society to the demise of the law of contradiction.

One clear, unresolvable contradiction would be enough to destroy the trustworthiness of the whole.

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, antinomy is "a contradiction between two equally binding laws; a conflict of authority; and a contradiction between conclusions which seem equally logical." I don't believe a true contradiction exists between divine sovereignty and human responsibility.

www.spurgeon.org /~phil/articles/lawofcon.htm (899 words)

Science of Logic - Essence(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)

But the positive is only implicitly this contradiction, whereas the negative is the contradiction posited; for the latter, in virtue of its reflection-into-self which makes it a negative in and for itself or a negative that is identical with itself, is accordingly determined as a non-identical, as excluding identity.

For as against contradiction, identity is merely the determination of the simple immediate, of dead being; but contradiction is the root of all movement and vitality; it is only in so far as something has a contradiction within it that it moves, has an urge and activity.

Only when the manifold terms have been driven to the point of contradiction to they become active and lively towards one another, receiving in contradiction the negativity which is the indwelling pulsation of self-movement and spontaneous activity.

Introduced in late 1997, Contradiction by Calvin Klein is a rich, sensual fragrance designed to reflect the intricacy of modern life.

Created by Givaudon Roure perfumers with the assistance of Anne Gottlieb, Contradiction is a complex blend of ingredients chosen for their individual clarity and ability to harmonize.

Contradiction is referred to as a joyful oriental, with a pure, bright, sensual personality.

www.scentagious.com /contradiction.html (135 words)

On Contradiction(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)

Thus the contradiction peculiar to a certain field of phenomena constitutes the object of study for a specihc branch of science.

For instance, the contradiction between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie is resolved by the method of socialist revolution; the contradiction between the great masses of the people and the feudal system is resolved by the method of democratic revolution; the contradiction between the colonies and imperialism

&nbsp &nbsp The fundamental contradiction in the process of development of a thing and the essence of the process determined by this fundamental contradiction will not disappear until the process is completed; but in a lengthy process the conditions usually differ at each stage.

ptb.sunhost.be /marx2mao/Mao/OC37.html (11387 words)

Contradiction of God: Part I(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)

This contradiction is the contradiction between good and evil, between truth and the lie, between love and hate, between mercy and judgment, between justice and injustice.

When we find this contradiction in the people of God, we must remember that it arises from the fact that there are two laws in our members and they are warring against each other.

The third lesson that we may derive from this contradiction in Peter is that we may attain, my beloved friends, to the summit of noblest confession and momentarily lapse into the deepest unfaithfulness.

One supposed contradiction that critics of Calvinism like to point to is that it is contradictory to say that there is a genuine univeral call of the gospel if the saving benefits of the atonement are particular to God's people.

I've dealt with this supposed contradiction here, where I attempt to show that the criticism can only be made if a certain assumption is also made about how the atonement works--an assumption that is not in accord with what scripture suggests to us about how the atonement works.

Another supposed contradiction within Calvinism is that Calvinism holds that God is sovereign in all things--he is working all things exactly according to his plan for history--and yet human beings are held rightly responsible for their choices.

CONTRADICTION - The incompatibility and evident opposition of two ideas which are the subject of one and the same proposition.

But there must still be much caution used by the judge, as there may be sometimes apparent contradictions which arise either from the timidity, the ignorance or the inability of the party to explain himself, when in fact he tells the truth.

When this cannot be done, the more improbable statement must be rejected or, if both are entitled to the same credit, then the matter is as if no proof had been given.

Lenin said, "Dialectics in the proper sense is the study of contradiction in the very essence of objects." [1] Lenin often called this law the essence of dialectics; he also called it the kernel of dialectics.

V. When we understand the universality and the particularity of contradiction, we must proceed to study the problem of the identity and struggle of the aspects of a contradiction.

Dialectics is the teaching which shows how opposites can be and how they happen to be (how they become) identical--under what conditions they are identical, transforming themselves into one another,--why the human mind should take these opposites not as dead, rigid, but as living, conditional, mobile, transforming themselves into one another.

It is often claimed that the doctrine of the Trinity is a logicalcontradiction.

First, theologian Millard J. Erickson defines the Law of Contradiction as, "A principle of logic which states that a thing cannot be both A and non-A at the same time and in the same respect."(1)

So there is no logicalcontradiction in saying God is three in Person and one in essence.

www.dtl.org /trinity/article/contradiction.htm (974 words)

Contradiction(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)

The premise here is that no war of conquest took place in Joshua's time, and the Israelites then proceed to a series of battles, all of which the book of Joshua relates as taking place in his lifetime.

Also of interest are the compounding contradictions that surface if one looks up a word, like, say, "Ammonite," or, "Moabite" in a concordance.

Moses is portrayed as speaking in Deuteronomy, and directly contradicts Jephthah.

The class structure becomes polarized and the economic and social conditions of the two opposed main classes more strongly contrasted, leading to political activation of the working class and prolonged conflict with the dominant bourgeois class through political and industrial organization.

It is this development of social polarization that provides the unsolveable social or relational contradiction of capitalist society.

The social organization of a capitalist society also presented an inherent structural contradiction in the economic dynamics of capitalism.

Well, here it is. Contradiction, the CD, puts the contra out in front and in your face with studio orchestra, various jazz combos and in trio setting with marimba and jazz guitar.

Some may think they know what a contra sounds like and some may even be willing to admit knowing what one looks like, but this CD will shake such preconceptions to their foundations.

Contradictionfeatures the delicately fluid contrabassoon stylings of Allen Savedoff, the wickedly witty arrangements of Kim Scharnberg and the musical talents of many of LA’s finest free-lance freeway warriors.

But here's where the contradiction comes in: Scalia is on record as being strongly opposed to the court giving deference to legislative intent by looking at the legislative history of a law.

He has forcefully argued that the only thing the court should look at is the text of the bill itself, not the debate leading up to it or statements of intent or meaning from those who wrote it, even if there is a dispute about the Congress' intent in a particular passage.

The other contradiction on this matter, of course, is that while claiming that legislative history is irrelevant, Scalia still uses that history when it suits his purposes.