Cards

Term

Baroque period

Definition

17th to early 18th centuries. Originated in Rome in the Catholic Church. Dramatic use of light, bold colors, value contrasts, emotionism, tendency to push into viewer's space and theatricality. Often diagonal.

Western movement in painting, sculpture and architecture of the late 18th century and early 19th century; inspired by ancient Greece and Rome. Emphasized order, clarity and restraint.

Term

Romanticism

Definition

movement in western art in the late 19th century, assumed to be in opposition to Neoclassicism. Emphasize intense colors, turbulent emotions, complex composition, soft outlines, and sometimes heroic or exotic subject matter.

Term

Realism

Definition

any art in which the goal is to portray forms in the natural world in a highly faithful manner. From the mid 19th century, and it was thought that everyday people and events are fit subjects for important art.

French artists from 1885 to 1905. Rejected the relative absence of form characteristic in impression. Vincent Van Gogh, Paul Cezanne, Paul Gaugin, and Georges Seurat.

Term

Fauvism

Definition

Short-lived, but influential art movement in France in the early 20th century that emphasized bold, arbitrary, expressive color.

Term

Expressionism

Definition

art movement in the early 20th century, especially prevalent in Germany, which claimed the right to distort visual appearances to express psychological or emotional states, especially the artist's own personal feelings.

Term

Die Brucke - "The Bridge"

Definition

Impressionist group founded in 1905. The bridge these artists had in mind was one they would build through their art to a better, enlightened future.

Term

Der Blaue Reiters - "The Blue Rider"

Definition

expressionist group formed in 1911 by Russian painter Wassily Kandinsky

Term

Cubism

Definition

movement developed during the early 20th century by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. Abstracted the forms of the visual world into fragments drawn from multiple points of view, then constructed an image from which had its own internal logic. Limited color palette, short & distinct brush strokes.

Term

Futurism

Definition

art movement founded in Italy in 1909 and lasting only a few years. Concentrated on dynamic quality of modern technological life, emphasizing speed and movement.

Term

Dada

Definition

Emerged during WWI (1914-18). Society was seen as gone mad, so this movement refused to make sense. Created anti-art that emphasized absurdity, irrationality, whimsy and childishness.

Term

Surrealism

Definition

movement in the early 20th century that emphasized imagery from dreams and fantasies.

Term

De Stijl

Definition

European art movement touched by constructivist ideas. Vertical and horizontal lines, and the primary colors.

Term

The New York School

Definition

painters associated with the first major postwar art movement. Abstract impressionsists like Jackson Pollock and Willem de Kooning. Influenced by surrealism. Emphasized scale.

Term

Pop Art

Definition

Style of the 1960s, deriving its imagery from popular, mass-produced culture. Deliberately mundane, focused on overfamilar objects of daily life.

Term

Minimal art

Definition

1960s and 1970s movement toward simple, primary forms. Favor industrial materials, and sculptures tended to be to be attached to the floor rather than on a pedestal.

Term

Conceptual art

Definition

created according to the belief that the essence of art resides in a motivating idea, and that the physical aspect of the art is secondary. Arose in the 1960s and tried to move away from objects that could bought and sold.

Term

Feminism

Definition

Originally formed around equal rights and pay. Images are powerful and persuasive.

Term

Color Field painting

Definition

Features broad fields of color. Arose in the 1950s after abstract impressionism.

Term

Action painting

Definition

Physical act of applying paint to a support in bold, spontaneous gestures supplies the excessive content. First used to describe the work of certain Abstract Expressionism painters.

Term

contour

Definition

boundaries we perceive of 3D forms

Term

Cross contour

Definition

parallel lines that curve over an object's surface in a vertical or horizontal manner and reveal the item's surface characteristics

Term

Shape

Definition

2D form, occupies area with identifiable boundaries

Term

Mass

Definition

3D form, occupies a volume of space

Term

Value

Definition

shades of lights and darks created with hatching, cross-hatching and stippling

Term

red, yellow, blue

Definition

primary colors

Term

orange, green, violet

Definition

secondary colors

Term

mixing primary and secondary colors

Definition

tertiary

Term

Implied line

Definition

dotted line, where dots are so close together that our mind connects them

Term

Spiral Jetty, 1970

Definition

famous earthwork by Robert Smithson

Term

Abstract

Definition

forms of the visible world are purposefully simplified

Term

Representational

Definition

descriptive of a work that depicts forms int he natural world

Term

Non-representational

Definition

does not represent the visible world itself

Term

Glazing

Definition

thin, translucent layer of color, generally applied over another color

Term

Impasto

Definition

Italian for "paste"; thick application of paint

Term

Pigment

Definition

coloring material made from various organic or chemical substances. Mixes with a binder to create a drawing or painting medium.

Term

Encaustic

Definition

painting medium in which the binder is wax, which is headed to render paint's fluid

Term

Tempera

Definition

pigment is compounded with an aqueous vehicle (i.e. egg yolk)

Term

Videography

Definition

Human form in motion invented by Muybridge

Term

Frottage

Definition

rubbing a piece of paper on a rough surface such as wood or stone to capture the texture for use in artworks

Term

Daguerreotype - Louis Jacques, 1839

Definition

First type of photograph ever, and who invented it

Term

Vincent Van Gogh, George Seurat, Paul Gaugin, Paul Cezanne

Definition

four post-impressionists

Term

Sigmund Freud

Definition

20th century psychologist that influenced surrealism

Term

Avant garde

Definition

new and unusual experimental ideas

Term

Zone system

Definition

way to determine proper exposure and adjust the contrast of the final print

Term

Ansel Adams

Definition

Who invented the Zone system?

Term

Polychrome

Definition

composed of many colors

Term

Mimbres

Definition

ceramic vessles; jars; bowls

Term

Michelangelo

Definition

Who painted the Sistine Chapel?

Term

Kiva

Definition

large, round chambers, underground or roofed; used for religious purposes