(A 20-member CPI(ML) team comprising Party General Secretary Dipankar
Bhattacharya, West Bengal State Secretary Kartick Pal, senior state
leaders Dr. Partha Ghosh, Shankar Mitra, Meena Pal and Chaitali Sen,
AISA leader Malay Tewari and editor of the Party's Bengali weekly organ
Deshabrati Animesh Chakraborty visited the carnage-ravaged areas and
people of Nandigram on 17 March. They also talked to injured victims
undergoing medical treatment at the district hospital at Tamluk and
the extremely under-equipped and over-crowded health centre at Nandigram.
They heard reports of most horrendous killings of unarmed people, gangrapes
and brutal assaults on women and children, met several people who were
desperately looking for missing family members and were shocked to see
very few young girls and children among the survivors in the carnage-ravaged
villages of Bhangabeda, Sonachura and Gokulnagar. What follows is a
brief report of the team's findings).

What really happened
at Nandigram on March 14

From the accounts of the
injured at the hospital as well as injured residents of the three affected
villages – Sonachura, Bhangabera and Gokulnagar, the following
facts emerge about the events of March 14.

The villagers were apprehensive
of a police crackdown. They wished to be sure not to give the police
any pretext to attack. Therefore, feeling that the police would surely
not attack defenceless women and children, the latter assembled in the
form of separate and adjacent prayer meetings of Hindus and Muslims
in the maidan between Gokulnagar and Bhangabera. A huge 5000-strong
police force stormed into the area, and began by kicking at the worshippers
and destroying their idols and prayer area.

The police then lobbed teargas
shells and fired rubber bullets – not to disperse a violent or
unruly mob, but rather to literally create a smokescreen and confuse
the crowd of people. Having done so, the firing began. The bullet wounds
on the bodies of the people at hospitals are mostly in the waist, chest,
back – bullets were cold-bloodedly aimed to kill. Local CPI(M)
leaders oversaw the entire operation, and many villagers recounted how
several of those in police uniform and helmets wore chappals on their
feet, indicating that they were actually CPI(M) goons in uniform.

A particularly brutal feature
of the attack is the aspect of sexual assault on women and massacre
of children. Women have recounted having seen little children being
torn apart. They said many children were still in school uniform, having
just returned from morning schools, and were brutally assaulted. A large
number of children are still missing; it is not clear whether they have
run away, been abducted, or been killed and the bodies disposed off.
The local people suspect that the missing children have been killed.

The people informed us that
the horror did not end on March 14. Our team visited on March 17, and
we were told that on 15th, 16th, and right up to the morning of the
17th, the assaults by CPI(M) goons continued.

Evidence from the
Hospitals

The team felt the accounts
gathered from the injured in hospitals were the most authentic, since
those people had beyond doubt been at the spot and had directly witnessed
the episode. We saw a broken ambulance lying in a pond. TV footage showed
police beating up a woman who was trying to pick up a severely injured
and unconscious person. It appears that systematic efforts were made
to prevent the injured from getting help.

Members of the team visited
Nandigram Health Centre (the nearest health centre), Tamluk Hospital,
and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata.

Tamluk

At Tamluk Hospital, we spoke
to Sankha Gole (47), Laxmikanta Gayen (26), Niranjan Das (38), Subhransu
Partra (30), Gopal Das (32), Anjali Das, Nirmal Mondal (28) and others.
Some of the patients had been shifted from here to Kolkata, but there
were still others who had been referred to Kolkata and were yet to be
taken there for treatment.

We spoke to the CMO at Tamluk hospital, who along with the other doctors
and nurses seemed to be doing their utmost, but the sheer lack of medical
facilities for the severely injured made their task difficult.

Nandigram

At Nandigram Health Centre,
we spoke to Gobinda Paik (37) from Sonachura, Sreehari Samanta (26)
from Kalicharanpur, Pranati Maity (50) from Keshabpur, and Ranadhir
Galu (40) from Soudkhali. This Health Centre has paltry facilities,
and just 30 beds, while even on the 17th, there were at least double
the number of patients, with most lying on the ground.

We learnt that at Tamluk,
14 dead bodies were brought in on 16th March (12 male, 2 female). Another
person died in hospital. Among the injured brought to hospital, 31 were
male, and 14 female. 7 dead bodies are yet to be identified. At the
Nandigran hospital, 65 injured were brought in, (32 male and 33 female).
Both these hospitals are understaffed, there is no sweeper, only two
ambulances. Life saving drugs not available and are locally purchased
on an ad-hoc basis. The injuries of those in hospital and the reports
of the state of the dead bodies tell their own tale. Many had bullet
injuries – above the waist, in the chest, abdomen, frontal side
of shoulder. In Tamluk hospital there were 2 rape victims – Gouri
Pradhan (25), of Adhikary Para of Gokulnagar and Kajal Majhi (35), mother
of 4 children, of Kalicharanpur. One of the latter's breasts had been
lacerated by a chopper/sword. Swarnamai, in Woodburn ward in SSKM, had
severe bullet injuries, while Haimanti had a buttock chopped off and
was in the ITU. Such injuries were not merely the result of having been
unluckily in the line of police firing – they were deliberate
and savage assaults of a sexual nature.

The women we spoke to alleged
that 6 other rape victims were not thoroughly examined due to pressure
from above. Also that the uterus of one woman was ruptured by introducing
a hard metallic rod.

The injured people we met
did not speak of themselves – their injuries or chances of survival
or lack of proper treatment; they all spoke of how they looked forward
to continuing their struggle against eviction from the land.

Calculated Savagery

The sheer savagery of the
violence at Nandigram indicate that it was not just another case of
unprovoked police firing, or of a police force gone berserk. The injuries
inflicted on people (indicated by the state of the dead bodies as well
as the survivors) are not mere bullet injuries. We have described above
some of the chopper injuries on those in hospitals. A television cameraperson
who had seen the mutilated and brutalised dead bodies in the morgue,
said he had seen bodies of victims in bad rail accidents and fires –
but had never seen bodies in such a disfigured, disemboweled condition
as in Nandigram.

CPI(M)'s Complicity

The people at the hospitals
as well as in the three affected villages told us they recognised CPI(M)
leaders who directed the entire operation –Lakshman Seth, MP and
chairman of the Haldia Development Corporation, CPI(M) district leaders
and panchayat functionaries like Ashok Guria, Ashok Bera, Debal Das,
and Sureshwar Khatua. These leaders also ensured that almost no media
reached Nandigram – several newspapers reported how their reporters
and camera persons were roughed up by the CPI(M) goons.

CBI's findings as reported
in several newspapers, also seem to corroborate the allegations of the
villagers and eyewitnesses. The CBI team followed a trail of blood,
which suggested that a bleeding body had been dragged some distance
to the Ma Janani brick kiln in Khejuri, a CPI(M) stronghold. There the
CBI sleuths came across CPI(M) and DYFI literature, party flags and
clothes including women's underclothes.

The CPI(M) goons arrested
by CBI in this brick kiln include Naru Maity, Rajkumar Jana, Manoranjan
Maity, Ratikanta Maity, Sachin Pramanik, Abhishek Ghorui, Kanai Das,
Panchanan Sasmal. Villagers allege that they were hired by Laxman Seth
and others, for two lakh rupees each for Operation Nandigram. A huge
cache of arms and ammunitions were recovered from them, and also CPI(M)
leaflets and flags, mobile sets with phone numbers of local CPI(M) leaders
were also recovered from them by the CBI.

The myth of extremist
'outsiders'

The CPI(M)'s official response
has been to blame 'outsiders', 'naxals' and the like for indulging in
'lawlessness', and even attacking the police with bombs and pipe guns
– thus justifying the need for the police action. What truth is
there in these accusations and claims? A simple question which needs
to be posed against these claims is: how come no police personnel is
seriously injured, if they were actually subjected to an extremist assault
by a huge mob? CPI(M) MP Sitaram Yechury has said that SEZs and land
acquisition had nothing to do with the occurrence at Nandigram; 'outsiders'
and 'extremists', frustrated by their inability to mobilise local support,
indulged in violence against the police. Our observation was quite the
contrary. Nandigram is a traditional CPI-CPI(M) stronghold, an old area
of Tebhaga peasant struggle. The local MP is from CPI(M), MLA from CPI,
and most panchayat members are from CPI(M). The only reason why this
very mass base suddenly turnedagainst CPI(M) was the proposed land acquisition
for the proposed SEZ to built up by Indonesian MNC Salem International.

It was precisely because
Nandigram was emerging as a model for anti-SEZ, anti-corporate- land
grab resistance that it invited such horrible repression. It had become
a sore spot and a source of concern and anxiety, not just for local
CPI(M) leaders or the LF Government, but for all Governments all over
the country.

The Build-up to March
14

March 14 has not happened
all of a sudden – it is not a mistake that the LF Government or
the CPI(M) has committed on the spur of the moment. The events of January
in Nandigram were a dress rehearsal for March – in which the patterns
for the March assault can be discerned. In January, the police withdrew
in the name of allowing 'peace' to be restored; while actually they
were clearing the way for a planned assault by CPI(M) cadres from Khejuri.
Then, there were systematic attempts to stop facts from reaching the
public: the CPI(ML) fact-finding team was arrested before they could
enter Nandigram, jailed and had charges of murder and illegal possession
of arms slapped on them.

Then, the CM appeared to
backtrack in the face of the determined resistance, and claimed the
HDA notification of land acquisition was a 'mistake' that caused 'confusion'.
He made reassurances that no land would be acquired without farmers'
consent. But it seems that these statements were only meant to deliberately
mislead the movement and people at large, even as 'Operation Nandigram'
was being planned all the while.

Since January, the statements
of senior CPI(M) leaders all clearly indicate the ominous threats to
the people of Nandigram, and reading them after March 14, they sound
like chilling prophecy. CPI(M) CC Member Benoy Konar said "We'll
surround them and make life hell for them". Health Minister Suryakant
Mishra who is from East Midnapore, had declared "Snakes come out
in the summer, you must use the flag like a stick and smash their heads"
(see Ananda Bazaar Patrika, 31 January). And in the Kisan Rally of 11
March at Brigade Parade Ground, Buddhadeb also issued a veiled threat
that no region would be allowed to hold the development of the State
to ransom. These statements are as clear an incitement to and indication
of violence as one can get.

Post-Carnage Justifications

After March 14, Buddhadeb
has made three types of statements. Immediately after the incident,
he declared to the CPI State Secretary that he was "under pressure
from the party to act". On the 14th he arrived too late in the
Assembly to make a statement. On the 15th, in the Assembly, he justified
the police action as "self-defence". And eventually, he accepted
moral responsibility as head of the Government, and said he had not
expected so much resistance and not known the police excesses would
be quite so much.

What to make of the
behaviour of the LF Government and CPI(M) in the aftermath of March
14?

The LF partners have reduced the whole issue to a matter of internal
democracy of the Left Front – and have ignored the fact that what
took place at Nandigram is a massacre, genocide, murder of democracy.
Let us repeat that March 14 was no blunder that happened on the spur
of the moment. In January itself, intellectuals and well-wishers of
the LF Government and of the CPI(M) had expressed concern about the
escalating violence in Nandigram and warned the Government to desist
from the policy of forced land acquisition and SEZs. The CPI(M) arrogantly
dismissed these voices and did not bother to listen to even the pro-Left
intelligentsia, preferring instead to mock at them.

If Buddhadeb says he acted
"under pressure from the party", the statements of the topmost
CPI(M) leadership indicate that all levels of the CPI(M) hierarchy have
been equally complicit in chalking out the blueprint of Operation Nandigram.