GOL: “Average net yield remained slightly above the June figure, thanks to the yield adjustment in the second half of the month, higher than the BRL19.43 cents reported in 2Q08, but still below the BRL21.93 cents posted in 1Q08,” Company statement. Source: GOL, 07-Aug-2009.

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After two years of weak demand and pricing, some signs of stabilisation are emerging in Brazil; however the country’s two largest airlines are adopting an understandably cautious tone in their assessment of the operating environment. Although both LATAM Airlines Brazil and Gol have significantly reduced their domestic capacity during the last year and a half, both airlines have concluded that some excess supply remains in the market place. Fast-growing Azul has opted to slow its capacity growth in 2016, but Brazil’s fourth largest airline Avianca Brazil has continued growth in order to build its market share within the country.

LATAM Airlines Brazil also believes its performance on routes between the US and Brazil is improving, which is a similar conclusion drawn by US airlines operating between the two countries. For LATAM, the improved performance is offsetting some weakness on other long haul routes from its Spanish-speaking countries.

Neither airline has offered specific capacity guidance for 2017, but LATAM Airlines Brazil and Gol are likely to keep their supply restraint intact. Pricing in the domestic market has yet to stabilise, and competitive capacity actions will result in those airlines keeping their own ASK increases at bay in order to sustain a favourable supply/demand balance.

Vueling's new CEO, Javier Sanchez-Prieto, is leading a programme ('Vueling NEXT') to improve its profitability, both through revenue enhancement and cost efficiency gains. Among other aims this hopes to reduce Vueling's high levels of seasonality, to raise aircraft utilisation and to improve labour productivity. Given ambitious financial targets by IAG – action is needed.

Part 1 of CAPA's analysis of Vueling examined its capacity growth and profitability trends since its acquisition by IAG in 2013. Vueling's operating margin and return on invested capital are on a downward trend, hence the new initiative to reverse these trends.

This second part of CAPA's analysis considers the profit improvement programme. During this programme Vueling's fleet will remain broadly flat to 2018, before resuming growth thereafter. Focus markets for Vueling are domestic Spain and Spain-Europe. It has strengths in these markets but faces growing competition from its lower-cost rival Ryanair, which has also been raising its service quality – closing the gap to Vueling's more premium positioning on the LCC spectrum.