Justin Trudeau becomes Canada's 23rd prime minister and reveals his new cabinet in an historic day in Ottawa. Follow the Star's political experts with the news, analysis and insight.

Red is the colour of the day as the men and women chosen by Justin Trudeau to form his first cabinet arrive at Rideau Hall: red for Navdeep Bains's turban, red for Carolyn Bennett's shawl, red for Chrystia Freeland's dress, red for Kent Hehr's tie, front. And of course, red for the poppies for Remembrance Day and red for the autum foliage in Ottawa. BLAIR GABLE/ REUTERS

by Lesley Ciarula Taylor11/4/2015 4:47:56 PM

John McCallum, the new minister of immigration, refugees and citizenship, has previously held defence, veterans affairs and national revenue

What's in the oaths of office? Here is the wording, thanks to the Star's Peter Edwards, "I, ___, do solemnly and sincerely promise and swear (declare) that I will truly and faithfully, and to the best of my skill and knowledge, execute the powers and trusts reposed in me as (Cabinet title).”

Individuals had the choice of affirming their oaths, which allowed them to replace the word “swear” with the word “declare” and to omit the expression “So help me God.”

by Lesley Ciarula Taylor11/4/2015 4:59:14 PM

Harjit Sajjan is sworn in as Defence Minister.

by Toronto Star11/4/2015 5:06:13 PM

The new defence minister is also a favourite of Darpan magazine, published from Surrey, B.C. and SikhChic.com, a news, arts and culture website. DARPAN MAGAZINE photo

More cabinet details, from Joan Bryden of Canadian Press: 18 of the 30 new ministers are rookies who won election for the first time on Oct. 19. And former journalist Chrystia Freeland is a relative newcomer after winning a byelection in Toronto two years ago.

by Lesley Ciarula Taylor11/4/2015 5:12:57 PM

Justin Trudeau with Lawrence MacAulay, who has represented PEI since 1988, during the election campaign. CANADIAN PRESS

by Lesley Ciarula Taylor11/4/2015 5:16:46 PM

The Cross Town Youth Chorus leads the new prime minister and his cabinet in singing 'O Canada.' The dignitaries clap as young Metis dancers perform. The Governor-General looks like he's having a grand time as he leads the new government out.

by Lesley Ciarula Taylor11/4/2015 5:19:43 PM

One of the veterans in cabinet: Ralph Goodale of Regina, who was Paul Martin's finance minister and the only Liberal elected from Saskatchewan. He's in charge of public safety and emergency preparedness.

The ceremony is running about an hour behind schedule, not that anyone seems to care in the crowd. Next up: official picture and then Trudeau speaks.

Trudeau was born on Christmas Day in Ottawa in 1971 when his father was prime minister. His mother, Margaret Sinclair Trudeau, was front and centre at today's ceremony, dividing her time between the official stuff and keeping an eye on her grandchildren.

by Lesley Ciarula Taylor11/4/2015 5:30:47 PM

The Star's political experts, Les Whittington, Tonda MacCharles and bureau chief Bruce Campion-Smith spell out the challenges facing the new ministers:

Finance Minister Bill Morneau, a millionaire Toronto businessman, has the mandate to boost tax for the rich and deliver tax cuts for the middle class. Lesley Ciarula TaylorNov 4, 2015 at 12:33 PM

by Lesley Ciarula Taylor11/4/2015 5:35:53 PM

International Trade Minister Chrystia Freeland jumps into the job of hammering out trade deals with Pacific nations and Europe.

by Lesley Ciarula Taylor11/4/2015 5:36:53 PM

Immigration Minister John McCallum, a cabinet veteran, will have to figure out the boss's mandate of bringing in 25,000 Syrian refugees before the end of the year.

by Lesley Ciarula Taylor11/4/2015 5:38:27 PM

Ottawa MP Catherine McKenna's portfolio has a significant name change: environment and climate change. She'll have to wrestle with the boss's plan to create a Canada-wide consensus with the premiers en route to the massive U.N. climate conference in Paris Nov. 30 to Dec. 11.

by Lesley Ciarula Taylor11/4/2015 5:40:31 PM

Dr. Chris Simpson is the former Canadian Medical Association president.

Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau (second from left) wearing dark glasses, arrives with members of his new cabinet for swearing in ceremonies at Government House in Ottawa Saturday July 6, 1968. Left to right are: James Richardson, minister without portfolio; D.C. Jamieson, (partly hidden), minister without portfolio; Mr. Trudeau; Justice Minister John Turner; Jean Marchand, Forestry Minister; Gerard Pelletier, State Secretary. (CP PHOTO)