IDENTIFICATION OF WEIGHT , DIAMETER , AND THICK MEAT FRUIT Melon (
Cucumis melo L. ) cultivars ACTION AS A RESULT OF TREATMENT 434
colchicine tetraploidY. Ulung AnggraitoDepartment of Biology Gd . D1 Lt . 1 State University of Semarang 50229ABSTRACTIndonesian farmers are very dependence on certificated seed from another countries . In the other side the natural resources and men very abundance powers . For these reason it is properly developed research in the agriculture sector , especially on breeding plants . It can be hoped that in the future the dependence on certificated seed from another countries can be minimized . The
objectives of this research were : ( 1 ) to find out the concentration
and the dipping period, the which is effective to induce polyploid in
musk melon plant , ( 2 ) identify the weight , diameter , flesh
thickness of tetraploid and musk melon as result of colchicines
treatment . The sample of this research was musk melon cultivars Action 434 , the product of Chia Seed - Thai , Thailand . The number of samples was 480 plants , plants roomates on the field randomly . There were four colchicines concentration as an independent variable : 0.0 % , 0:05 % , 0:10 % and 0.2 % . The dipping period were 12 , 16 , 20 , and 24 hours respectively for each concentration . Completely Random Design was used in three replications . Measurement data were Analyzed with Two Way ANOVA , DMRT , and LSD . From
this research can be concluded that : ( 1 ) 0.2 % colchicines is the
most effective concentration to induce polyploid on musk melon , with
dipping effective period varied from 16-24 hours , ( 2 ) there are
changes in weight , diameter , and flesh thickness characters , with the Increased tendency of each character in the definite norm .Key words : musk melon , colchicines , tetraploid

INTRODUCTIONIndonesia
is known as an agricultural country with natural resources and human
resources are abundant , but on the other hand the level of dependence
on the provision of improved seed is still very high . It is necessary for an Indonesian human empowerment movement to process all natural resources wisely owned . One
effort that can be done is to increase research activities in the
agricultural sector , particularly in the field of plant breeding . Plant breeding can be done in various ways : crossover , mutation , or through genetic engineering of plants . Through chromosomal mutation plant breeding has been done , especially using a chemical called colchicine .Each
plant respond differently to colchicine treatment , depending on the
concentration and immersion time , including melon plants . Colchicine can induce chromosome doubling sets , resulting in a polyploid plant . Polyploid plants have different morphological characters with diploid plants . Melon plants polyploid character recognition is very important to determine whether a plant is diploid or polyploid .The
problem posed in this study were : ( 1 ) the effective concentration of
colchicine how to produce tetraploid melons , ( 2 ) how much time
soaking most effective , ( 3 ) changes in the factors of production does
occur in tetraploid melons . In this study the character to be observed is the fruit weight , fruit diameter , and thiJadwal Bola ck flesh melons .Polyploidy
is a state of an individual who has more than two sets of chromosomes (
Welsh , 1991; Snustad et al . , 1997; Griffiths et al . , 1999) . Currently, there are known various polyploid crops , such as potatoes , pears , apples , oranges , and grapes . Chemical compounds such as asenaften , etilmetil - chloride , and sulfamida known to induce polyploid crops ( Allard , 1988) .Physical
characteristics common polyploid plants ( Griffith et al . , 1999;
Ramirez , 1991) is increasing the size of the cell , the cell growth
rate slower , thicker leaves , larger flowers and little , larger fruit ,
and declining fertility at various levels compared with diploid plants . In polyploid maize plants have a larger physical plant , sturdy , with an increased content of vitamin A ( Crowder , 1993) . Polyploidy is common in a wide variety of plants . Avers (1989 ) and Ramirez (1991 ) estimates that about 47% of species of Angiospermae and almost 70 % are polyploid grasses .Colchicine
is an alkaloid produced by the plant crocus ( Colchicum autumnale , L. )
is widely grown in Europe , India , and North Africa ( Snustad et al ,
1997) . The molecular formula is C22H25O6N colchicine . Colchicine is traded in the form Script Iklan Baris of a fine white powder . These compounds have the properties of easily soluble in water and is used in low concentrations . According
Gunarso (1989 ) , to induce polyploidy in plants , colchicine
effectively used at a concentration of 0.01 to 1.00 % , with a soaking
time of 6-72 hours long . Colchicine
, effective in its use because it produces a higher percentage of
polyploid than other compounds , at concentrations nontoxic to plants (
Allard , 1988 ) .