London, England 1775-1875

Comments (0)

Transcript of London, England 1775-1875

LONDON 1775-1875 LONDON London, England Revolution Great Britain had one of the best armies in the world in the 1700s. In 1775 most of the British military was focused on its rebelling American colonies. Two of the most influential battles of the war were The Battle of Bunker Hill and the Battle of Yorktown. In June of 1775, the Continental forces held Breed’ Hill. The British forces found out and attacked them. This battle was known as the battle of Bunker Hill. It was one of the first battles of the war. The British won the battle but took many casualties. The Americans lost the battle because they ran out of ammunition and had to retreat. This action proved that this conflict was a full out war. It lasted from 1775 to 1783. The battle that won the war for the colonies was the Battle of Yorktown, which ended the fighting until the peace treaty was signed in Paris, France. Military The British military was one of the finest in the world. It was put to the test by one of its colonies in the Americas. Four of the battles showed the British strengths and weaknesses. The Battle of Quebec was the first loss of the Continental army and caused the death of one of its high ranking officers. Its purpose was to get Great Britain out of the Providence of Quebec. The battle was confusing because Canadian militia was fighting for both sides. It was very important to the war effort. The battle of the Monmouth was the last battle of the war fought between the two main armies and it was also the longest battle of the war. It is a tie because both sides failed to destroy the opposing army. The Battle of Savannah was won by the British. This victory gave them a base in the south and remained in British control until the end of the war. The Siege of Charleston was another British victory. The significance of this victory was that it gave the British control of most of the Southern colonies. Sea battles between the American and British ships were important to each other’s cause. Many key battles were won by both sides but it seemed that the British war machine was too much for the colonies. In the end, the colonies beat the British because of their desire to win, and allies which crippled Great Britain for years to come. Government (Monarchy)

London, England during the late 18th century and early 19th century was a monarchy and still is to this day. There are multiple types of monarchies, but the main two are absolute monarchies and

constitutional monarchies. An absolute monarchy is when the monarch has complete control of the government and its people. A constitutional monarchy is when the monarch’s power is limited by laws or the country’s constitution, and representatives and sometimes prime ministers are elected.

King George III ruled England for a whopping 59 years, starting from 1760 until his death in 1820. England was a very powerful nation during this period and greatly affected the age of imperialism. Therefore England had one of the most influential governments in the world for this time. In King George III’s reign, England colonized many places to bring in money and resources to the “motherland”. England was responsible for colonizing the North American colonies and when they rebelled against the British, England lost many lives and a great amount of money. Since England has a monarchy, there was really only one person to blame for this outstanding loss and that was King George III. This brought stress and ridicule to the King. A nickname that he acquired was “Crazy King George”(King George III).

In the monarch system, when the ruler passes away, the closest blood relative is appointed to be king or queen. In 1820, when King George III passed, his successor was his son, known as King George IV. He was monarch from 1820 to 1830. He was 57 when he became king and ruled for 10 years until his death (George IV).

Next up to the throne was King William IV. His rule was from 1830 to 1837. His rule was even shorter than his brother’s. He was the 3rd son King George the III. His cause of death, to end his 7 year reign, was Myocardial infarction, which is when blood flow to a part of your heart is blocked.

Queen Victoria was the successor of King William IV and ruled from 1837 to 1901. Her reign lasted for 63 years and 7 months which is longer than any other British Monarch and the longest of any female monarch in history. Architecture During the end of the 18th century, London had some very unique architectural patterns, ideas, and structures.

There are a few key points that distinguish the style of the time:

• Most structures were centered around a large public square.

• Many houses were narrow townhouses with a height to width ratio of 2:1.

• Distinct mood and color theme for each room.

• Sleeping quarters were located on the 2nd or 3rd floor, with the first floor reserved for entertaining guests.

• Wealthy houses included pillars, curved staircases and often large glass domes in the center of a large “ball room”

Many buildings were created from English “yellow brick” giving buildings a lighter tone than the typical “red brick”.

Gas street lamps, sash windows, and parapet roofs became the norm due to new building codes.

The official title given to the architectural era was “Neo-Palladian” or “Neoclassical” referring to the mixing of the old Italian renaissance architecture with the Victorian and Georgian architecture.

Robert Adam was the most responsible for the influence over the architecture in London; he was a very well know architect. Legal Systems London during the 18th century had no public officials corresponding to either police or district attorneys. Under English law, any Englishman could prosecute any crime.

In some ways, their system for criminal prosecution was similar to our system of civil prosecution. Under both, it is the victim who ordinarily initiates and controls the process by which the offender is brought to justice. There is, however, at least one major difference between the two systems. If the victim of a tort succeeds in winning his case, the tortfeasor is required to pay him damages. If the victim of a crime won his case, the criminal was hanged, transported, or possibly pardoned.