G. Edward Griffin on the Federal Reserve
System

Charles A. Lindbergh, Sr. 1913 "When the President signs this bill, the invisible
government of the monetary power will be legalized....the worst legislative
crime of the ages is perpetrated by this banking and currency bill."

Thomas Jefferson
was concise
in his early warning to the American nation, "If the American people ever
allow private banks to control the issuance of their currency, first by
inflation and then by deflation, the banks and corporations that will grow
up around them will deprive the people of all their property until their
children will wake up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered."

"Whoever controls the volume of money in
any country is absolute master of all industry and commerce."(Paul Warburg,
drafter of the Federal Reserve Act)

"Permit me to issue and control the
money of a nation and I care not who makes its laws."(Mayer Amschel
Rothschild)

PLAYER$

Paul Warburg
Sen. Nelson Aldrich
Frank Vanderlip Benjamin Strong

J.P. Morgan
J.P Morgans sommarställe
Georgia /
Jekyll Island

Henry P. Davidson & Charles D. Norton

The Birth of Legal Counterfeiting
by George F. Smith

"Centralization of credit in the banks of the state, by means of a national
bank with state capital and an exclusive monopoly." -- Fifth plank of the
Communist Manifesto, 1848

Crisis has been very good to government growth. It happens this way: the
central government never does wrong, yet the evil that lurks in the world will
on occasion strike us. Sometimes the evil is external, as in 9-11, other times
it is internal, as in the case of certain economic upheavals. When the crisis
is mostly economic, the culprit is always the private sector, and the guilty
parties are usually big shots who got swept away with avarice. With a lapdog
media clamoring for "reform," politicians pass more laws and flood the
airwaves with rhetoric about how their new legislation will crush the forces
of greed. Most of us then go about our business, hoping that causality is not
an avenging angel.

In the era following the War of Secession, the federal government aggressively
promoted development of the West through huge subsidies and other favors to
business cronies. Corruption flourished, and overextended banks occasionally
failed, causing panics in 1873, 1884, 1893, and 1907. Throughout this era
there was growing opposition to sound money, eloquently expressed by railroad
speculator Jay Cooke in 1869: "Why," he asked, "should this Grand and Glorious
country be stunted and dwarfed--its activities chilled and its very life blood
curdled by these miserable 'hard coin' theories--the musty theories of a
bygone age." [1]

The Panic of 1907 is especially significant because it led to
government-directed banking "reform." The panic got underway when United
Copper's stock price collapsed. Knickerbocker Trust of New York had invested
heavily in United Copper, and depositors made a run on the bank to get their
money out. When Knickerbocker failed, depositors at other banks got nervous
and demanded their money, igniting the panic. [2]

J. P. Morgan got together with other banking leaders and met virtually nonstop
for three weeks to solve the crisis. They secured credit from foreign
investors, redirected funds from strong banks to weak ones, and bought stock
in foundering but still promising companies. [3] The panic died a few weeks
later.

For the New York bankers, there remained a much more serious problem. The
growth of state banks over the previous 20 years had slowly eroded their
power. By 1896, state and other nonnational banks constituted 61% of the
total, and by 1913, 71%. More significantly, nonnationals commanded 57% of
banking resources by 1913. [4]

With such a troubling trend, what did the New York bankers do? They turned to
their pals in Washington. As we've seen, from the time of Lincoln's
administration government sought to partner with business, delivering special
favors in return for political support. This is mercantilism, the system we
rejected in 1776. By the early 20th century, we were neck-deep in Progressive
propaganda, and there was no viable group opposing government takeover of our
lives. The once laissez-faire, sound-money Democratic Party died with the
nomination of William Jennings Bryant for president in 1896. From that point
on, both Republicans and Democrats were promoting more statism as the miracle
cure for ills it had breeded.

Both Congress and the American Banking Association had been pushing for
central banking since the 1890s. The Panic of 1907 gave them another excuse to
go after it. Amid all the maneuvering and proposals, Morgan banker Henry
Davison organized a duck hunting trip at Jekyll Island, Georgia in December,
1910. The ducks they took aim at were not the web-footed kind, but the
unsuspecting American citizen who had always thought of money as gold.

The hunters were major players in American mercantilism: Senator Nelson
Aldrich (R., R.I.), who had headed up the National Monetary Commission, a
congressional committee dedicated to developing ideas for central banking;
Frank Vanderlip of Rockefeller's National City Bank; Paul Warburg of the
investment firm of Kuhn, Loeb, & Co., who was there to promote the German
central bank of Bismarck; Charles Norton of First National Bank of New York, a
Morgan company; and Davison, a partner of J.P. Morgan's. [5]

They devised a plan whereby a board of commercial bankers would supervise
regional reserve banks. When Aldrich later introduced it to Congress,
Democrats blocked it. In 1913, Carter Glass, a Democratic congressman from
Virginia, used the Jekyll Island scheme as the basis for the Federal Reserve
Act. [6]

The Act created 12 regional reserve banks ruled by a board of Washington
bureaucrats, including the Treasury secretary and presidential appointees.
Though the 12 reserve banks are officially "private" institutions, they're
little different than government agencies, as Murray Rothbard noted.

In this manner government seized what Rothbard called "a crucial command post"
of the economy, and therefore of the American society. [7] It used crisis --
repeated panics created by government meddling -- and the economic illiteracy
and trust of the public to achieve its purpose.

And what has it sown from its command post? A subtle means of wealth transfer.
A method of taxing us without legislation. A way of counterfeiting money
legally. "Through the purchase of [usually government] debt by a bank, fiat
money is injected into the economy," Gary North writes. [8] "Wealth then moves
to those market participants who gain early access to this newly created fiat
money," who are usually politically connected. The ones on fixed incomes or
without close government connections bear the cost of higher prices later, as
the money injection passes through the economy.

As most people know by now, the Fed greatly reduced reserve requirements
during the 1920s, expanding credit recklessly and generating a false
prosperity that ended in the crash of 1929. People understood that the Fed was
manufacturing dollars out of thin air and started to pull their money out of
banks, converting them to gold. Roosevelt closed the banks, then announced it
was illegal to own gold. He forced people to give back to the Fed what was
rightfully theirs. In 1933 Roosevelt made the dollar fiat currency
domestically, but backed by gold internationally.

Roosevelt also created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) in
1933, providing federal guarantee of bank deposits. Bank runs and the threat
thereof have vanished, and most people believe this is good. But as Lew
Rockwell observes, "The government-banking cartel regards the bank run--the
threat of which used to keep wanton investing at bay--as against the national
interest. As a result, the industry is perpetually shaky, and the largest
banks are a menace to public life itself." [9]

Prior to 1929 the government had never intervened to help recovery from a
recession. Previous administrations had let recessions run their course and
recovery, at the hands of the market, usually occurred in a year or less.
Hoover, and then Roosevelt to a much greater degree, took the statist course
and drove the economy into a prolonged depression. For this, Roosevelt has
been deified.

The Fed is the keystone of government wrong-doing. As Ludwig von Mises wrote
long ago, "Ideologically, [sound money] belongs in same class with political
constitutions and bills of rights." [10] In the name of civil liberty and
civilization itself, the Fed should be abolished.
http://quicksitebuilder.cnet.com/sartrejp/varyingverity/id6.html
References

Col. House, who Wilson called his "alter ego," because he was his closest
friend and most trusted advisor, anonymously wrote a novel in 1912 called
Philip Dru: Administrator, which revealed the manner in which Wilson was
controlled. House, who lobbied for the implementation of central banking,
would now turn his attention towards a graduated income tax. Incidentally, a
central bank providing inflatable currency and a graduated income tax were two
of the ten points in the Communist Manifesto for socializing a country.

It was House who hand-picked the first Federal Reserve Board. He named
Benjamin Strong as its first Chairman. In 1914, Paul M. Warburg quit his
$500,000 a year job at Kuhn, Loeb and Co. to be on the Board, later resigning
in 1918 during World War I because of his German connections.

The Banking Act of 1935 amended the Federal Reserve Act, changing its name to
the Federal Reserve System, and reorganizing it in respect to the number of
directors and length of term. Headed by a seven member Board of Governors
appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate for a 14 year term, the
Board acts as an overseer to the nation's money supply and banking system.

The Board of Governors, the President of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York,
and four other Reserve Bank Presidents who serve on a rotating basis make up
the "Federal Open Market Committee". This group decides whether or not to buy
and sell government securities on the open market. The Government buys and
sells government securities, mostly through 21 Wall Street bond dealers, to
create reserves to make the money needed to run the government. The Committee
also determines the supply of money available to the nation's banks and
consumers.

There are twelve Federal Reserve Banks in twelve districts: Boston (MA),
Cleveland (OH), New York (NY), Philadelphia (PA), Richmond (VA), Atlanta (GA),
Chicago (IL), St. Louis (MO), Minneapolis (MN), Kansas City (KS), San
Francisco (CA), and Dallas (TX). The twelve regional banks were set up so that
the people wouldn't think that the Federal Reserve was controlled from New
York. Each of the Banks has nine men on [its] Board of Directors; six are
elected by member Banks, and three are appointed by the Board of Governors.

They have 25 branch Banks, and many member Banks. All Federal Banks are
members and four out of every ten commercial banks are members. In whole, the
Federal Reserve System controls about 70% of the country's bank deposits.
Ohio Senator, Warren G. Harding, who
was elected to the Presidency in 1920, said in a 1921 Congressional inquiry
that the Reserve was a private banking monopoly. He said: "The Federal Reserve
Bank is an institution owned by the stockholding member banks. The Government
has not a dollar's worth of stock in it." His term was cut short in 1923 when
he mysteriously died, leading to rumors that he was poisoned. This claim was
never substantiated because his wife would not allow an autopsy.
Three years after the initiation of the Federal Reserve, Woodrow Wilson said:
"The growth of the nation ... and all our activities are in the hands of a few
men ... We have come to be one of the worst ruled; one of the most completely
controlled and dominated governments in the civilized world ... no longer a
government of free opinion, no longer a government by conviction and the free
vote of the majority, but a government by the opinion and duress of a small
group of dominant men."

In 1919, John Maynard Keynes, later an advisor to Franklin D. Roosevelt, wrote
in his book The Economic Consequences of Peace:
"Lenin is to have declared that the best way to destroy the capitalist system
was to debauch the currency ... By a continuing process of inflation,
governments can confiscate secretly and unobserved, an important part of the
wealth of their citizens ... As the inflation proceeds and the real value of
the currency fluctuates wildly from month to month, all permanent relations
between debtors and creditors, which form the ultimate foundation of
capitalism, become so utterly disordered as to be almost meaningless..."

Congressman Charles August Lindbergh, Sr., father of the historic aviator,
said on the floor of the Congress:
"This Act establishes the most gigantic trust on Earth ... When the President
signs this Act, the invisible government by the Money Power, proven to exist
by the Money Trust investigation, will be legalized ... This is the Aldrich
Bill in disguise ... The new law will create inflation whenever the Trusts
want inflation ... From now on, depressions will be scientifically created ...
The worst legislative crime of the ages is perpetrated by this banking and
currency bill."

On June 10, 1932, Louis T. McFadden, said in an address to the Congress:
"We have in this country one of the
most corrupt institutions the world has ever known. I refer to the Federal
Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Banks ... Some people think the Federal
Reserve Banks are United States Government institutions. They are not
Government institutions. They are private credit monopolies which prey upon
the people of the United States for the benefit of themselves and their
foreign customers ... The Federal Reserve Banks are the agents of the foreign
central banks ... In that dark crew of financial pirates, there are those who
would cut a man's throat to get a dollar out of his pocket ...

Every effort has been made by the Federal Reserve Board to conceal its powers,
but the truth is the Fed has usurped the government. It controls everything
here (in Congress) and controls all our foreign relations. It makes and breaks
governments at will ... When the Fed was passed, the people of the United
States did not perceive that a world system was being set up here ... A
super-state controlled by international bankers, and international
industrialists acting together to enslave the world for their own pleasure!"

On May 23, 1933, Louis T. McFadden brought impeachment charges against the
members of the Federal Reserve:
"Whereas I charge them jointly and severally with having brought about a
repudiation of the national currency of the United States in order that the
gold value of said currency might be given to private interests...

I charge them ... with having arbitrarily and unlawfully taken over
$80,000,000,000 from the United States Government in the year 1928...

I charge them ... with having
arbitrarily and unlawfully raised and lowered the rates on money ... increased
and diminished the volume of currency in circulation for the benefit of
private interests...

I charge them ... with having brought about the decline of prices on the New
York Stock Exchange...

I charge them ... with having conspired to transfer to foreigners and
international money lenders, title to and control of the financial resources
of the United States ...

I charge them ... with having published false and misleading propaganda
intended to deceive the American people and to cause the United States to lose
its independence...

I charge them ... with the crime of having treasonably conspired and acted
against the peace and security of the United States, and with having
treasonably conspired to destroy the constitutional government of the United
States ."

In 1933, Vice-President John Garner, when referring to the international
bankers, said: "You see, gentlemen,
who owns the United States ."

Sen. Barry Goldwater wrote in his book With No Apologies:
"Does it not seem strange to you that
these men just happened to be
CFR (Council on Foreign
Relations) and just happened to be on the Board of Governors of the Federal
Reserve, that absolutely controls the money and interest rates of this great
country. A privately owned organization ... which has absolutely nothing to do
with the United States of America !"

Plain and simple, the Federal Reserve
is not part of the Federal Government. It is a privately held corporation
owned by stockholders. That is why the Federal Reserve Bank of New York
(and all the others) is listed in the Dun and Bradstreet Reference Book of
American Business (Northeast, Region 1, Manhattan/Bronx). According to Article
I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution, only Congress has the right to issue
money and regulate its value, so it is illegal for private interests to do so.
Yet, it happened, and because of a provision in the Act, the 'Class A'
stockholders were to be kept a secret and not to be revealed. R. F. McMaster,
who published a newsletter called The Reaper, through his Swiss and Saudi
Arabian contacts, was able to find out which banks held a controlling interest
in the Reserve.

These interests control the Federal Reserve through about 300 stockholders:

* Rothschild Banks of London and Berlin
* Lazard Brothers Bank of Paris
* Israel Moses Seif Bank of Italy
* Warburg Bank of Hamburg and Amsterdam
* Lehman Brothers Bank of New York
* Kuhn, Loeb and Co. of New York
* Chase Manhattan Bank of New York
* Goldman, Sachs of New York
Because of the way the Reserve was organized, whoever controls the Federal
Reserve Bank of New York controls the system, About 90 of the 100 largest
banks are in this district.
Of the reportedly 203,053 shares of the New York bank:

* Rockefeller's National City Bank had 30,000 shares
* Morgan's First National Bank had 15,000 shares
* Chase National Bank had 6,000 shares
* National Bank of Commerce (Morgan Guaranty Trust) had 21,000 shares.
A June 15, 1978 Senate Report called "Interlocking Directorates Among the
Major U.S. Corporations" revealed that five New York banks had 470
interlocking directorates with 130 major U.S. corporations:

According to Eustace Mullins, these banks are major stock holders in the Fed.
In his book World Order, he said that these five banks are "controlled from
London". Mullins said:
"Besides its controlling interest in the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the
Rothschilds had developed important financial interests in other parts of the
United States ... The entire Rockefeller empire was financed by the
Rothschilds."
A May, 1976 report of the House Banking and Currency Committee indicated: "The
Rothschild banks are affiliated with Manufacturers Hanover of London in which
they hold 20 percent ... and Manufacturers Hanover Trust of New York". The
Report also revealed that Rothschild Intercontinental Bank, Ltd., which
consisted of Rothschild banks in London, France, Belgium, New York, and
Amsterdam, had three American subsidiaries: National City Bank of Cleveland,
First City National Bank of Houston, and Seattle First National Bank. It is
believed that the Rothschilds hold 53% of the stock of the U.S. Federal
Reserve. Each year, billions of dollars are "earned" by Class A stockholders
from U.S. tax dollars which go to the Fed to pay interest on bank loans.

How U.S. Gold Reserves Were Stolen

The Coinage Act of 1792 established a dollar consisting of 371.25 grains of
pure silver, but was later replaced with a gold dollar consisting of 25.8
grains of gold. In 1873, the Coinage Act was passed, prohibiting the use of
Silver as a form of currency, because the quantity being discovered was
driving the value down. In 1875, after temporarily suspending gold
convertibility during the Civil War "greenback" period, the U.S. was put more
firmly on the gold standard by the Gold Standard Act of 1900. From 1900 to
1933, gold was coined by the U.S. Mint, and our paper currency was tied into
the amount of gold held in the U.S. Treasury reserves.

In July, 1927, the directors of the
Bank of England [Montagu
Norman], the New York Federal Reserve Bank [Benjamin Strong], and the German
Reichsbank
[Hjalmar
Schacht], met to plan a way to get the gold moved out of the United States,
and it was this movement of gold which helped trigger the depression. By 1928,
nearly $500 million in gold was transferred to Europe.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt accepted the advice of England 's leading
economist, John Maynard Keynes (1883-1946), a member of the Illuminati [also a
socialist and a homosexual --ed], who said that deficit spending would be a
shot in the arm to the economy. Most of the New Deal spending programs to
fight economic depression, were based on Keynes theories on deficit spending,
and financed by borrowing against future taxes. In 1910, Lenin said:
"The surest way to overthrow an
established social order is to debauch its currency." Nine years later,
Keynes wrote:

"Lenin was certainly right, there is
no more positive, or subtler, no surer means of overturning the existing basis
of society than to debauch the currency ... The process engages all of the
hidden forces of economic law on the side of destruction, and does it in a
manner that not one man in a million is able to diagnose."

A Presidential Executive Order by
Roosevelt on April 5, 1933, required all the people to exchange their gold
coins, gold bullion, and gold-backed currency for money that was not
redeemable in precious metals. The Gold Reserve Act of 1934, known as the
Thomas Amendment which amended the Act of May 12, 1933, made it illegal to
possess any gold currency (which was [finally] rescinded December 31, 1974).
Gold coinage was withdrawn from circulation and kept in the form of bullion.
Just as the public was to return all their gold to the U.S. Government, so was
the Federal Reserve. However, while the people received $20.67 per ounce in
paper money issued by the Federal Reserve, the Reserve was paid in Gold
Certificates. Now the Federal Reserve and the Illuminati had control of all
the gold in the country.

In 1934, the value of gold [was increased by FDR] to $35 an ounce, which
produced a $3 billion profit for the Government. But when the price of gold
increases, the value of the dollar decreases. Our dollar has not been worth
100 cents since 1933, when we were taken off of the Gold Standard. In 1974,
our dollar was worth 38 cents, and in 1983 it was only worth 22 cents. In
2002, it took $13.88 to buy what cost $1.00 in 1933. Since our money supply
had been limited to the amount of gold in Treasury reserves, when the value of
the dollar decreased, more money was printed.

The Bretton Woods Monetary Conference (1944)

The first United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, held in Bretton
Woods, New Hampshire, from July 1 to July 22, 1944, which was under the
direction of Harry Dexter White (CFR member, and undercover Russian spy),
established the policies of the International Monetary Fund.
Its goals were to strip the United
States of its gold reserves by giving it to other nations, and to merge with
their industrial capabilities as well as their economic, social, educational
and religious policies to facilitate a one-world government.

Because of paying off foreign obligations and strengthening foreign economies,
between 1958 and 1968, the amount of gold bullion in the possession of the
U.S. Treasury dropped by 52%. Of the amount remaining, $12 billion was
reserved by law for backing the paper money in circulation. Our money had been
backed by a 25% gold reserve in accordance to a law that was passed in 1945,
but it was rescinded in 1968. The amount of gold slipped from 653.1 million
troy ounces in 1957, to 311.2 million ounces in 1968, which according to the
Treasury Department, was due to sales to foreign banking institutions, sales
to domestic producers, and the buying and selling of gold on the world market
to stabilize prices. This was a loss of 341.9 million troy ounces. In August,
1971, gold was used only for world trade, because foreign countries wouldn't
accept U.S. dollars. As of November, 1981, sources had indicated that the gold
reserve had dropped to 264.1 million troy ounces.

Title 31 of the U.S. Code, requires an annual physical inventory of our gold
supply, but a complete audit was never done, so officially, nobody knows what
has occurred. After World War II, America had 70% of the World's supply of
loose gold, but today, we may have less than 7%. Sen. Jesse Helms seemed to
think that the OPEC nations have our gold, while others believe that 70% of
the world's gold supply is being held by the World Bank, which is dominated by
the financial grip of the Rothschilds and the Rockefellers.

Some years ago, I had been contacted by a gentleman in Michigan whose research
indicated that counterfeit $5,000 and
$10,000 Federal Reserve Notes had been used to steal U.S. gold reserves.
Illegal to own, these notes are actually checks which are used to transfer
ownership of large amounts of gold without actually moving the gold itself.
Using public records, he found the serial numbers of the bills which were
originally printed and discovered that there are now more in existence.

It has been reported that 40% (13,000 tons) of the world's gold is five levels
below street level in a sub-basement of the New York Federal Reserve Bank,
behind a 90-ton revolving door. Some of it is American-owned, but most is
owned by the central banks of other countries. It is stored in separate
cubicles, and from time to time, is moved from one cubicle to another to
satisfy international transactions.

The Destructive Effects of Fiat Money
Inflation

The 1929 series of Federal Reserve notes said:
"Redeemable in gold on demand at the
United States Treasury, or in gold or lawful money at any Federal Reserve
Bank." This was just like the Silver Certificate, which was guaranteed by a
dollar in silver that was on deposit.

The 1934 series of notes said:"This note is legal tender for all
debts, public and private, and is redeemable in lawful money at the United
States Treasury, or at any Federal Reserve Bank."

The 1950 series:Kept the same wording, but reduced it
to three lines, and reduced the size of the type.

The 1953 series:The wording was totally removed,
although the bottom portion contained a promise to "pay the bearer on demand."

The 1963 series:Even this wording was removed, and our
dollars became nothing more than worthless pieces of paper because they no
longer met the legal requirements of a note, which must list an issuing bank,
and amount payable, a payee or "bearer," and a time for payment or "on
demand."

After March, 1964,
silver certificates were no longer
convertible to silver dollars; and in March, 1968, near the conclusion of the
Johnson Administration, silver backing of the dollar was removed.

Since 1933, the Federal Reserve has been printing too much money, compared to
the declining Gross National Product (GNP). The GNP is the accumulated values
of services and goods produced in the country. If the GNP is 4%, then the
money produced should only be about 5-6%, thus insuring enough money to keep
the goods produced by the GNP in circulation. Additional social services,
which are promised during election year rhetoric to gain votes, increase the
Federal Budget, so more money is printed. Then the Government will cut the
Budget, establish wage and price controls.
The extra money in circulation
decreases the value of the dollar, and prices go up. Simply put, too much
money in circulation causes inflation, and that is what the Reserve is doing,
purposely printing too much money in order to destroy the economy. On the
other hand, if they would stop printing money, our economy would collapse.

The Federal Reserve is responsible for setting the interest rate that member
banks can borrow from the Reserve, thus controlling the interest rates of the
entire country. So, what it boils down to is that the Federal Reserve
determines the amount of money needed, which is created by the International
Bankers out of nothing. Besides the
face value, they charge the government 3¢ to produce each bill. The Federal
government pays the Reserve in bonds (which are also printed by the Reserve),
and then pay the bonds off at a high rate of interest. That interest will very
soon become the largest item in the Federal Budget.

William McChesney Martin, a member of the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR),
and Chairman of the Federal Reserve during the "New Frontier" years of the
Kennedy Administration, testified to the Federal Banking Committee that the
value of the dollar was being scientifically brought down each year by 3% to
3.5% in order to allow wages to "go up". The reasoning behind this was that
the people were being made to think that they were getting more when in fact
they were actually getting less.

The Congress has also contributed to this process by approving Federal Budgets
year after year which requires the printing of more money to finance the debt,
which by the end of 2003 was over $6,900,000,000,000 ($6.9 trillion). When
Wilson was President, the debt was about $1 billion and in 1974, the debt was
about $1 trillion [a thousand-fold increase in only 60 years --ed].

Congressional Attempts to Control the Fed

In 1937, Rep. Charles G. Binderup of Nebraska, realizing the consequences of
the Federal Reserve System, called for the Government to buy all the stock,
and to create a new Board controlled by Congress to regulate the value of the
currency and the volume of bank deposits, thus eliminating the Fed's
independence. He was defeated for re-election. Others have also tried to
introduce various Bills to control the Federal Reserve: Rep. Goldborough
(1935), Rep. Jerry Voorhis of California (1940, 1943), Sen. M. M. Logan of
Kentucky, and Rep. Usher L. Burdick of North Dakota .

Rep. Wright Patman of Texas (who was the House Banking Chairman until 1975),
said in 1952:

"In fact there has never been an
independent audit of either the twelve banks of the Federal Reserve Board that
has been filed with the Congress ... For 40 years the system, while freely
using the money of the government, has not made a proper accounting."

Patman said that the Federal Open Market Committee (who, in addition to the
Board of Governors, decides the country's monetary policy) is "one of the most
secret societies. These twelve men decide what happens in the economy ... In
making decisions they check with no one -- not the President, not the
Congress, not the people."

Patman also said:

"In the United States we have, in effect, two governments ... We have the duly
constituted Government ... Then we have an independent, uncontrolled and
uncoordinated government in the Federal Reserve System, operating the money
powers which are reserved to Congress by the Constitution."

During his career, Patman sought to force the Fed to allow an independent
audit, lessen the influence of the large banks, shorten the terms of the Fed
Governors, expose it to regular Congressional review just like any other
Federal agency, and to have only officials nominated by the President and
confirmed by Congress to be on the Federal Open Market Committee. In 1967,
Patman tried to have them audited, and on January 22, 1971, introduced H.R.
11, which would have altered its organization, diminishing much of its power.
He was later removed from the Chairmanship of the House Banking and Currency
Committee, which he held for years.

On January 22, 1971, Rep. John R. Rarick of Louisiana introduced H.R. 351: "To
vest in the Government of the United States the full, absolute, complete, and
unconditional ownership of the twelve Federal Reserve Banks." He said: "The
Federal Reserve is not an agency of government. It is a private banking
monopoly." He was later defeated for re-election.

During the 1980's, Rep. Phil Crane of Illinois introduced House Resolution
H.R. 70 that called for an annual audit of the Fed (which never came to a full
vote), and Rep. Henry Gonzales of Texas introduced H.R. 1470, that called for
the repeal of the Federal Reserve Act.

The Federal Reserve System has never been audited, and their meetings, and
minutes of those meetings, are not open to the public. They have repelled all
attempts to be audited. In 1967, Arthur Burns, the Chairman of the Federal
Reserve, said that an audit would threaten the "independence" of the Reserve.
The Fed in the 1970s and 1980s

In 1979, after dismissing Secretary of Treasury Michael Blumenthal, President
Jimmy Carter offered the position to American Illuminati chief David
Rockefeller, the CEO of Chase Manhattan Bank, but he turned it down [as he had
previously turned down the offer from Nixon]. He also turned down the
nomination for the Chairmanship of the Federal Reserve Board.

Carter then appointed Paul Volcker as Chairman. Volcker graduated from
Princeton with a degree in Economics, and from Harvard with a degree in Public
Administration. He was an economist with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York
(1952-57), worked at the Chase Manhattan Bank (1957-61), was with the U.S.
Treasury Department (1961-65), Deputy Under Secretary for Monetary Affairs
(1963-65), Under Secretary for Monetary Affairs (1969-74), and President of
the New York Federal Reserve Bank (1975-79).

When Volcker was in the Nixon Administration as the Under Secretary for
Monetary Policy and International Affairs, the executive branch official who
works most closely with the Federal Reserve, he and Treasury Secretary John
Connally helped formulate the policy that took us off the gold standard in
1971, because of the dwindling gold reserves at Fort Knox. Volcker was chosen
because he was the "candidate of Wall Street." He was a member of the
Trilateral Commission, and a major Rockefeller supporter.

Bert Lance, the Georgia banker and political advisor to Carter who became his
Budget Director and was later forced to resign...said that if Volcker was
appointed he would be "mortgaging his re-election to the Federal Reserve."
Lance predicted that he would bring high interest rates and high unemployment.
He was confirmed by the Senate Banking Committee in August, 1979, replacing
Arthur Burns, an Austrian-born economist who was a CFR member with close ties
to the Rockefellers. Volcker was against a gold-backed dollar or gold being
used as a form of currency. He attempted to tighten the money situation in
order to curb the 10% annual growth in the money supply, and to ease the
pressure of loan demand. The result [of his policy] was a dramatic increase in
interest rates, which climbed to 13.5% by September, 1979, and then soared to
21.5% by December, 1980.

[We may speculate] that this economic decline was purposely engineered to
cause the political decline of Carter. In response to the rising interest
rates, Carter said:

"As you well know, I don't have control over the Fed, none at all. It's
carefully isolated from any influence by the President or the Congress. This
has been done for many generations and I think it's a wise thing to do."

During the 1970's, many banks had left the Federal Reserve, and in December,
1979, Volcker told the House Banking Committee that "300 banks with deposits
of $18.4 billion have quit the Fed within the past 4-1/2 years," and that
another 575 of the remaining 5,480 member banks, with deposits of $70 billion,
had indicated that they intended to withdraw. He said that this would curtail
their control over the money supply, and that led Congress, in 1980, to pass
the Monetary Control Act, which gave the Federal Reserve control of all
banking institutions, regardless if they are members or not.

Even though inflation had skyrocketed to all-time highs, Reagan kept Volcker
on. It was Volcker who started the collapse of the U.S. economy.

Alan Greenspan, who became the Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board in 1987,
is [also] a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. He has a bachelor's
and master's degree, and a doctorate in Economics from New York University. He
met Ayn Rand, the author of Atlas Shrugged, in 1952 and they became friends.
It is from her that he learned that capitalism "is not only efficient and
practical, but also moral." In February, 1995, the seventh increase in the
interest rate, within the period of a year, took place. This put Greenspan in
the limelight, as well as the Federal Reserve. It was very interesting how the
media spin doctors churned out information that totally skirted the issue
concerning the Fed's actual role in controlling our economy.

Predictions of Monetary Disaster
In the mid-1970's, Paper 447, Article 3, from the World Bank said that the
world economy would be fairly stable until 1980 when it would begin falling,
in domino fashion. On October 29, 1975, the Wall Street Journal printed a
comment by H. Johannes Witteveen, Managing Director of the United Nation's
International Monetary Fund, that the IMF "ought to evolve into a World
Central Bank ... to prevent inflation." Dr. H. A. Murkline, Director of the
International Institute University in Irving, Texas, wrote in World Oil: 1976
that he projected that the Federal Government could only hold out till the end
of 1981. Dow Theory Letters, Inc. reported that by 1982, the cost of dealing
with the national debt "would eat up all the government tax money available."

The Robbins Report of January 15, 1978, said: "If Carter introduces Bancor,
which will be the yielding of our dollar to the ECU (European Currency Unit),
this is what will happen: look for hyperinflation and collapse of all the
world's paper money before 1985." Julian Snyder said in the International
Money Line of February, 1978: "The United States is trying to solve its
problem through currency depreciation (debasement) ... it will not work. If
the crash does not occur this year, it could be postponed until 1982."

On March 13, 1979, while meeting at Strasbourg, France, the Parliament of
Europe, which governs the European Economic Community (Common Market), oversaw
the establishment of a new European money system. Known as the ECU, it was
backed by 20% of the participating countries" gold reserves (about 3,150
tons). What little strength our dollar had, came from the fact that all
nations buying oil from OPEC, had to use U.S. dollars. Then came the word in
March, 1980, from Arab diplomatic sources at the United Nations that the Chase
Manhattan Bank was making plans to drop the dollar in [favor] of the ECU.

Dr. Franz Pick, a well known authority on world currency, said in December,
1979, in the Silver and Gold Report:

"The most serious problem we face today is the debasement of our currency by
the government. The government will continue to debase the dollar until ...
within 12-24, months it will shrink to 1 cent ... at which time Washington
will be forced to create the new hard currency ...
A currency reform is nothing but a
fancy name for state bankruptcy ... A currency reform completes the
expropriation of all kinds of savings ... it will wipe out all public and
private bonds, most pensions; all annuities, and all endowments."

Against all odds, our economy has continued to hang on even though financial
analysts have continued to forecast disastrous conditions.

In 1993, Sen. Bob Kerrey (Democrat, NE) promised to support President Bill
Clinton's Budget Plan, if Clinton would appoint a Committee to study the
condition of the American economy. The President established a 32-member
bipartisan committee and in August, 1994, they issued their report. According
to the committee's findings, by the year 2012, unless drastic changes are
made, we won't even be able to pay the interest on the national debt. Knowing
this, the federal government has allowed the trend to continue, almost as if
they're trying to run our economy into the ground. It seems obvious that the
destruction of the American economy has been part of a deliberate plot to
financially enslave our nation.

The New U.S. Currency

In the late 1970's, it was [rumored
that replacement currency had] already been printed and stored at the Federal
Emergency Relocation Facility in Culpepper, Virginia, which is built into the
side of a mountain, and would be able to continue functioning during the
aftermath of a nuclear or natural disaster; and at the 200,000 sq. ft. Federal
underground facility in Mt. Weather, Virginia (near Berryville), which is the
primary relocation area for the President, Cabinet Secretaries, Supreme Court
Justices, and several thousand federal employees (Congress would be relocated
to an underground facility in White Sulphur
Springs, West Virginia). It is believed that when our monetary system is
finally destroyed, a reorganization will occur within the confines of a world
government, and new money will be issued.

Rep. Ron Paul, Republican from Texas, who was on the Committee on Banking,
Finance and Urban Affairs, wrote about the new money in a [1983] letter to
Charles T. Roberts, Executive Vice-President of the Hull State Bank in Texas:

"In a closed briefing for the members of the House Banking Committee on
November 2nd, representatives of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, the
Federal Reserve, and the Secret Service described plans for making changes in
Federal Reserve Notes beginning in 1985 (although the long range target is
1988) ... These changes, which will probably include taggents, security
threads, and colors, and may include holograms, diffraction gratings, or
watermarks, will be made in coordination with six other nations: Canada,
Britain, Japan, Australia, West Germany and Switzerland. Japan, for example,
will begin recalling its present currency in November, 1984, and have it
nearly completed within six months ... According to the government, the only
reason for the currency changes is to deter counterfeiting. Although it was
admitted by one spokesman in the group that there would have to be a call-in
of our present currency for new currency to work, the spokesmen for the
government were adamant in saying that there was no other motive for a
currency change..."

According to law, only the Treasury Secretary has the authority to change the
currency. Over $3 million was spent under "counterfeit prevention" authority
for the development of the new money, which according to the Currency Design
Act (H.R. 6005) hearings, would be issued by the Federal Reserve Board. In a
July, 1983 market survey in Buena Park, California, people were shown proposed
designs for "new U.S. dollar bills." The variations shown, consisted of each
denomination being a different color; Federal Reserve seals replaced with a
design utilizing reflective ink; and other optical devices like holograms (a
process which produces a three-dimensional image which can change color
depending on the angle it is viewed), and multilayer diffraction gratings
(similar to a hologram); as well as bills containing metal security threads,
and planchettes (red and blue colored discs incorporated into the paper,
similar to threads) to trigger scanning equipment which would detect its
presence, and to sort cash faster.

By the end of 1983, [the Fed] had
received 110 new machines which could count up to 72,000 bills per minute
each. Jane Kettleson,
an economic consultant to the U.S. Paper Exchange, said that "the Fed will
have the capability to physically replace the entire U.S. currency in
circulation in just four days time."

It was shown that a drastic change would not be accepted, so a process of
incrementalism was adopted. It was decided that the Bureau of Printing and
Engraving would have a fine metallic strip running through the currency,
leaving the basic design intact; however, they later decided to use a clear
imprinted polyester strip, woven into the paper, running vertically on the
left side of the Federal Reserve Seal. The length of the translucent polyester
filament reads "USA100" for $100 bills, "USA50" for $50 bills, and so on; and
can only be read if held up to direct light. It was reported that a company
called Checkmate Electronics, Inc., which manufactures the equipment needed to
scan checks, scanned the new money, and found the strip to contain "machine
detectable" aluminum. Their scan produced an indecipherable bar code.

Though the basic design did not change, there was microscopic type printed
around the picture which reads, "The United States of America," but appeared
to only be a line. This currency with oversized, off-center portraits, was
introduced in 1996 with the $100 bills, then $50 bills and $20 bills (1998),
and culminated with $10's and $5's in 2000. The Government discontinued
printing any of the old money, and began emptying their vaults to get rid of
the old bills. The old money was never recalled, and continued to be
circulated.

Then in June, 2002, only a few years after the last makeover, the rumors of
colored money became a fact, as the Bureau of Engraving and Printing announced
that further changes were being made to our money for security reasons. In
October, 2003, the new, colored $20 bill (the most counterfeited note), was
introduced. The new bill retained the security thread, color-shifting ink, and
watermark; but also had the colors of green and peach added to its background,
as well as small yellow "20's" printed on the back. The new $50 and $100 bills
will be coming in 2004 and 2005.

Some financial experts have theorized
that when every denomination is changed over, that the business sector may not
want to accept old bills which would then become worthless and could create a
financial emergency. But Federal officials have said that the old money would
be accepted, but scrutinized. It has been suggested that the government could
really take advantage of the situation, that in order for people to exchange
their old money for new, an exchange rate may be determined which would
benefit the economy. For example, it may take two old dollars to exchange for
a new one. It is possible that we may be experiencing the final transition to
the "new money."
[snip]

Worldwide Currency Changes

International cooperation has been intense to coordinate currency changes
among its member governments. In 1985, officials from the Morgan Bank in New
York met with the Credit Lyonnais Bank in France. They established the
European Currency Unit Banking Association (ECUBA), to get world cooperation
for a unified currency, and had support from bankers in Europe, Japan, and the
United States. It was an offshoot of the Banking Federation of the European
Community (BFEC), which has been engaged in shutting down small banks in order
to develop a conglomerate of a few huge banks. In October, 1987, the
Association for the Monetary Union of Europe (AMUE) secretly met and
recommended that the ECU (European Currency Unit) replace existing national
currencies and that all European Central Banks be combined into one and issue
the ECU [Euro] as the official unified currency (which occured on schedule in
the year 2000).

It is believed that the plan is to
[ultimately] have only three central banks in the world: The [U.S.] Federal
Reserve Bank, the European Central Bank, and the Central Bank of Japan. In a
June, 1989 hearing of the Senate Banking Securities Subcommittee, Alan
Greenspan, Chairman of the Federal Reserve, said that exchange rates could be
fixed in order to solve the problem of uniformity between the currencies of
various nations.

Many countries have issued new money, such as Switzerland, the United Kingdom,
Japan, Canada, France, Germany, Australia, and Brazil. Of the countries that
already had, most currencies had a common 1" square, usually on the left side
of the bill. Held over a light, a hologram appears on the spot, barely visible
to the naked eye, which cannot be reproduced on a copier. It is believed that
this spot is being reserved for a central World Bank overprint. They also
contain metallic strips that can be detected when they pass through scanners
at airports and international borders.

[snip]

The institution of a common world-wide currency may be delayed because of the
possibility of moving right to a cashless system, making paper money obsolete.
The Visa MagiCard was the first step towards a national debit card. With this
card, you could make purchases at any of the 10 million merchants who accepted
Visa, and have the amount electronically deducted from your checking account.
Financial experts said at the time, that within only a few years, there would
be more debit cards than credit cards. Since then, there has been a massive
campaign to promote debit cards, and a move to accommodate their use in all
areas of life.

More and more banks have decided not to return people's cancelled checks,
because of the expense to do so; and it seems likely that there is a plan
underway to gradually move away from the use of paper checks. With the
existence of debit cards, and the fact that credit cards are so easily
attainable, there's no doubt that we"re being pushed into an electronic
economy of Direct Deposit and Automatic Withdrawal.
When total saturation has been
achieved, then the stage will be set. Sure, it's really convenient to whip out
a piece of plastic to buy things, and to have all your financial affairs
handled through the bank's computer system. But do you realize, that when
their plan is complete, you will be nothing more than a number in a computer.
Everything you do can be tracked; and with a click of a mouse, or the press of
a button, you could be denied access to your own money.

"The real truth of the matter is, and
you and I know, that a financial element in the large centers has owned the
government of the U.S. since the days of Andrew Jackson."

Henry Ford, founder of the Ford Motor Company, said:

"It is well enough that the people of
the nation do not understand our banking and monetary system, for if they did,
I believe there would be a revolution before tomorrow morning."

In 1957, Sen. George W. Malone of Nevada said before
Congress about the Federal Reserve:

"I believe that if the people of this
nation fully understood what Congress has done to them over the past 49 years,
they would move on Washington: they would not wait for an election ... It adds
up to a preconceived plan to destroy the economic and social independence of
the United States."

==================================================The real owners of the Federal Reserve and the Federal
Reserve System are:

a) Rothschild Banks of London and Berlin;
b) Lazard Brothers Bank of Paris;
c) Israel Moses Seif Banks of Italy;
d) Warburg Bank of Hamburg and Amsterdam;
e) Lehman Brothers Bank of New York;
f) Kuhn, Loeb Bank of New York;
g) Chase Manhattan Bank of New York;
h) Goldman Sachs Bank of New York; and
i) Approximately three hundred people, known to each other and/or relations of
the "owners," who hold stock in the Federal Reserve System. They comprise an
interlocking, International Banking Cartel of wealth beyond comprehension.

he Federal Reserve meet behind closed doors and has more power than the
Congress and President of the United States; and to top that off, these men
who control America through their financial manipulation are not even
responsible to the public nor to Congress and has repeatedly shown that it is
under the control of the International Jewish Bankers, by raising the discount
rate (a deliberate act to destroy small business) they have been able to bring
about the depressions which have devastated the American Farmer and Ranchers
since the time this Evil Satanic Act was passed.http://100777.com/doc/17

In 1835,
President Andrew Jackson declared his disdain for the international bankers:
- "You are a den of vipers. I
intend to rout you out, and by the Eternal God I will rout you out. If the
people only understood the rank injustice of our money and banking system,
there would be a revolution before morning."

=========================================

John F. Kennedy vs The Federal Reserve

On June 4, 1963, a virtually unknown Presidential decree, Executive
Order 11110, was signed with the authority to basically strip the Federal
Reserve Bank of its power to loan money to the United States Federal
Government at interest. With the stroke of a pen, President Kennedy declared
that the privately owned Federal Reserve Bank would soon be out of business.
The Christian Law Fellowship has exhaustively researched this matter through
the Federal Register and Library of Congress. We can now safely conclude that
this Executive Order has never been repealed, amended, or superceded by any
subsequent Executive Order. In simple terms, it is still valid.

When President John Fitzgerald Kennedy - the author of Profiles in Courage
-signed this Order, it returned to the federal government, specifically the
Treasury Department, the Constitutional power to create and issue currency
-money - without going through the privately owned Federal Reserve Bank.
President Kennedy's Executive Order 11110 [the full text is displayed further
below] gave the Treasury Department the explicit authority: "to issue silver
certificates against any silver bullion, silver, or standard silver dollars in
the Treasury." This means that for every ounce of silver in the U.S.
Treasury's vault, the government could introduce new money into circulation
based on the silver bullion physically held there. As a result, more than $4
billion in United States Notes were brought into circulation in $2 and $5
denominations. $10 and $20 United States Notes were never circulated but were
being printed by the Treasury Department when Kennedy was assassinated. It
appears obvious that President Kennedy knew the Federal Reserve Notes being
used as the purported legal currency were contrary to the Constitution of the
United States of America.

"United States Notes" were issued as an interest-free and debt-free currency
backed by silver reserves in the U.S. Treasury. We compared a "Federal Reserve
Note" issued from the private central bank of the United States (the Federal
Reserve Bank a/k/a Federal Reserve System), with a "United States Note" from
the U.S. Treasury issued by President Kennedy's Executive Order. They almost
look alike, except one says "Federal Reserve Note" on the top while the other
says "United States Note". Also, the Federal Reserve Note has a green seal and
serial number while the United States Note has a red seal and serial number.

President Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963 and the United States
Notes he had issued were immediately taken out of circulation. Federal Reserve
Notes continued to serve as the legal currency of the nation. According to the
United States Secret Service, 99% of all U.S. paper "currency" circulating in
1999 are Federal Reserve Notes.

Kennedy knew that if the silver-backed United States Notes were widely
circulated, they would have eliminated the demand for Federal Reserve Notes.
This is a very simple matter of economics. The USN was backed by silver and
the FRN was not backed by anything of intrinsic value. Executive Order 11110
should have prevented the national debt from reaching its current level
(virtually all of the nearly $9 trillion in federal debt has been created
since 1963) if LBJ or any subsequent President were to enforce it. It would
have almost immediately given the U.S. Government the ability to repay its
debt without going to the private Federal Reserve Banks and being charged
interest to create new "money". Executive Order 11110 gave the U.S.A. the
ability to, once again, create its own money backed by silver and realm value
worth something.

Again, according to our own research, just five months after Kennedy was
assassinated, no more of the Series 1958 "Silver Certificates" were issued
either, and they were subsequently removed from circulation. Perhaps the
assassination of JFK was a warning to all future presidents not to interfere
with the private Federal Reserve's control over the creation of money. It
seems very apparent that President Kennedy challenged the "powers that exist
behind U.S. and world finance". With true patriotic courage, JFK boldly faced
the two most successful vehicles that have ever been used to drive up debt:

1) war (Viet Nam); and,

2) the creation of money by a privately owned central bank. His efforts to
have all U.S. troops out of Vietnam by 1965 combined with Executive Order
11110 would have destroyed the profits and control of the private Federal
Reserve Bank.

xoxox

Executive Order 11110

AMENDMENT OF EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 10289 AS AMENDED, RELATING TO THE PERFORMANCE
OF CERTAIN FUNCTIONS AFFECTING THE DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY. By virtue of
the authority vested in me by section 301 of title 3 of the United States
Code, it is ordered as follows:

SECTION 1. Executive Order No. 10289 of September 19, 1951, as amended, is
hereby further amended - (a) By adding at the end of paragraph 1 thereof the
following subparagraph (j): "(j) The authority vested in the President by
paragraph (b) of section 43 of the Act of May 12, 1933, as amended (31 U.S.C.
821 (b)), to issue silver certificates against any silver bullion, silver, or
standard silver dollars in the Treasury not then held for redemption of any
outstandingsilver
certificates, to prescribe the denominations of such silver certificates, and
to coin standard silver dollars and subsidiary silver currency for their
redemption," and (b) By revoking subparagraphs (b) and (c) of paragraph 2
thereof. SECTION 2. The amendment made by this Order shall not affect any act
done, or any right accruing or accrued or any suit or proceeding had or
commenced in any civil or criminal cause prior to the date of this Order but
all such liabilities shall continue and may be enforced as if said amendments
had not been made.

JOHN F. KENNEDY THE WHITE HOUSE, June
4, 1963

xoxox

Once again, Executive Order 11110 is still valid. According to Title 3, United
States Code, Section 301 dated January 26, 1998:

The 1974 and 1987 amendments, added after Kennedy's 1963 amendment, did not
change or alter any part of Kennedy's EO 11110. A search of Clinton's 1998 and
1999 EO's and Presidential Directives has also shown no reference to any
alterations, suspensions, or changes to EO 11110.

The Federal Reserve Bank, a.k.a
Federal Reserve System, is a Private Corporation. Black's Law Dictionary
defines the "Federal Reserve System" as: "Network of twelve central banks to
which most national banks belong and to which state chartered banks may belong.
Membership rules require investment of stock and minimum reserves."
Privately-owned banks own the stock of the FED. This was explained in more
detail in the case of Lewis v. United States, Federal Reporter, 2nd Series,
Vol. 680, Pages 1239, 1241 (1982), where the court said: "Each Federal Reserve
Bank is a separate corporation owned by commercial banks in its region. The
stock-holding commercial banks elect two thirds of each Bank's nine member
board of directors".

The Federal Reserve Banks are locally controlled by their member banks. Once
again, according to Black's Law Dictionary, we find that these privately owned
banks actually issue money:

"Federal Reserve Act. Law which created Federal Reserve banks which act as
agents in maintaining money reserves, issuing money in the form of bank notes,
lending money to banks, and supervising banks. Administered by Federal Reserve
Board (q.v.)".

The privately owned Federal Reserve (FED) banks actually issue (create) the
"money" we use. In 1964, the House Committee on Banking and Currency,
Subcommittee on Domestic Finance, at the second session of the 88th Congress,
put out a study entitled Money Facts which contains a good description of what
the FED is: "The Federal Reserve is a total money-making machine. It can issue
money or checks. And it never has a problem of making its checks good because
it can obtain the $5 and $10 bills necessary to cover its check simply by
asking the Treasury Department's Bureau of Engraving to print them".

Any one person or any closely knit group who has a lot of money has a lot of
power. Now imagine a group of people who have the power to create money.
Imagine the power these people would have. This is exactly what the privately
owned FED is!

No man did more to expose the power of the FED than Louis T. McFadden, who was
the Chairman of the House Banking Committee back in the 1930s. In describing
the FED, he remarked in the Congressional Record, House pages 1295 and 1296 on
June 10, 1932:

"Mr. Chairman, we have in this country one of the most corrupt institutions
the world has ever known. I refer to the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal
reserve banks. The Federal Reserve Board, a Government Board, has cheated the
Government of the United States and he people of the United States out of
enough money to pay the national debt. The depredations and the iniquities of
the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal reserve banks acting together have
cost this country enough money to pay the national debt several times over.
This evil institution has impoverished and ruined the people of the United
States; has bankrupted itself, and has practically bankrupted our Government.
It has done this through the maladministration of that law by which the
Federal Reserve Board, and through the corrupt practices of the moneyed
vultures who control it".

Some people think the Federal Reserve Banks are United States Government
institutions. They are not Government institutions, departments, or agencies.
They are private credit monopolies which prey upon the people of the United
States for the benefit of themselves and their foreign customers. Those 12
private credit monopolies were deceitfully placed upon this country by bankers
who came here from Europe and who repaid us for our hospitality by undermining
our American institutions.

The FED basically works like this: The government granted its power to create
money to the FED banks. They create money, then loan it back to the government
charging interest. The government levies income taxes to pay the interest on
the debt. On this point, it's interesting to note that the Federal Reserve Act
and the sixteenth amendment, which gave congress the power to collect income
taxes, were both passed in 1913. The incredible power of the FED over the
economy is universally admitted. Some people, especially in the banking and
academic communities, even support it. On the other hand, there are those,
such as President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, that have spoken out against it.
His efforts were spoken about in Jim Marrs' 1990 book Crossfire:"

Another overlooked aspect of Kennedy's attempt to reform American society
involves money. Kennedy apparently reasoned that by returning to the
constitution, which states that only Congress shall coin and regulate money,
the soaring national debt could be reduced by not paying interest to the
bankers of the Federal Reserve System, who print paper money then loan it to
the government at interest. He moved in this area on June 4, 1963, by signing
Executive Order 11110 which called for the issuance of $4,292,893,815 in
United States Notes through the U.S. Treasury rather than the traditional
Federal Reserve System. That same day, Kennedy signed a bill changing the
backing of one and two dollar bills from silver to gold, adding strength to
the weakened U.S. currency.

Kennedy's comptroller of the currency, James J. Saxon, had been at odds with
the powerful Federal Reserve Board for some time, encouraging broader
investment and lending powers for banks that were not part of the Federal
Reserve system. Saxon also had decided that non-Reserve banks could underwrite
state and local general obligation bonds, again weakening the dominant Federal
Reserve banks".

In a comment made to a Columbia University class on Nov. 12, 1963,

Ten days before his assassination,
President John Fitzgerald Kennedy allegedly said:

"The high office of the President has been used to foment a plot to destroy
the American's freedom and before I leave office, I must inform the citizen of
this plight."

In this matter, John Fitzgerald Kennedy appears to be the subject of his own
book... a true Profile of Courage.

This research report was compiled for Lawgiver. Org. by Anthony Wayne

xoxox

What is the Federal Reserve Bank?

What is the Federal Reserve Bank (FED) and why do we have it?

by Greg Hobbs November 1, 1999

The FED is a central bank. Central banks are supposed to implement a country's
fiscal policies. They monitor commercial banks to ensure that they maintain
sufficient assets, like cash, so as to remain solvent and stable. Central
banks also do business, such as currency exchanges and gold transactions, with
other central banks. In theory, a central bank should be good for a country,
and they might be if it wasn't for the fact that they are not owned or
controlled by the government of the country they are serving. Private central
banks, including our FED, operate not in the interest of the public good but
for profit.

There have been three central banks in our nation's history. The first two,
while deceptive and fraudulent, pale in comparison to the scope and size of
the fraud being perpetrated by our current FED. What they all have in common
is an insidious practice known as "fractional banking."

Fractional banking or fractional lending is the ability to create money from
nothing, lend it to the government or someone else and charge interest to
boot. The practice evolved before banks existed. Goldsmiths rented out space
in their vaults to individuals and merchants for storage of their gold or
silver. The goldsmiths gave these "depositors" a certificate that showed the
amount of gold stored. These certificates were then used to conduct business.

In time the goldsmiths noticed that the gold in their vaults was rarely
withdrawn. Small amounts would move in and out but the large majority never
moved. Sensing a profit opportunity, the goldsmiths issued double receipts for
the gold, in effect creating money (certificates) from nothing and then
lending those certificates (creating debt) to depositors and charging them
interest as well.

Since the certificates represented more gold than actually existed, the
certificates were "fractionally" backed by gold. Eventually some of these
vault operations were transformed into banks and the practice of fractional
banking continued.

Keep that fractional banking concept in mind as we examine our first central
bank, the First Bank of the United States (BUS). It was created, after bitter
dissent in the Congress, in 1791 and chartered for 20 years. A scam not unlike
the current FED, the BUS used its control of the currency to defraud the
public and establish a legal form of usury.

This bank practiced fractional lending at a 10:1 rate, ten dollars of loans
for each dollar they had on deposit. This misuse and abuse of their public
charter continued for the entire 20 years of their existence. Public outrage
over these abuses was such that the charter was not renewed and the bank
ceased to exist in 1811.

The war of 1812 left the country in economic chaos, seen by bankers as another
opportunity for easy profits. They influenced Congress to charter the second
central bank, the Second Bank of the United States (SBUS), in 1816.

The SBUS was more expansive than the BUS. The SBUS sold franchises and
literally doubled the number of banks in a short period of time. The country
began to boom and move westward, which required money. Using fractional
lending at the 10:1 rate, the central bank and their franchisees created the
debt/money for the expansion.

Things boomed for a while, then the banks decided to shut off the debt/money,
citing the need to control inflation. This action on the part of the SBUS
caused bankruptcies and foreclosures. The banks then took control of the
assets that were used as security against the loans.

Closely examine how the SBUS engineered this cycle of prosperity and
depression. The central bank caused inflation by creating debt/money for loans
and credit and making these funds readily available. The economy boomed. Then
they used the inflation which they created as an excuse to shut off the
loans/credit/money.

The resulting shortage of cash caused the economy to falter or slow
dramatically and large numbers of business and personal bankruptcies resulted.
The central bank then seized the assets used as security for the loans. The
wealth created by the borrowers during the boom was then transferred to the
central bank during the bust. And you always wondered how the big guys ended
up with all the marbles.

Now, who do you think is responsible for all of the ups and downs in our
economy over the last 85 years? Think about the depression of the late '20s
and all through the '30s. The FED could have pumped lots of debt/money into
the market to stimulate the economy and get the country back on track, but did
they? No; in fact, they restricted the money supply quite severely. We all
know the results that occurred from that action, don't we?

Why would the FED do this? During that period asset values and stocks were at
rock bottom prices. Who do you think was buying everything at 10 cents on the
dollar? I believe that it is referred to as consolidating the wealth. How many
times have they already done this in the last 85 years?

Do you think they will do it again?

Just as an aside at this point, look at today's economy. Markets are
declining. Why? Because the FED has been very liberal with its
debt/credit/money. The market was hyper inflated. Who creates inflation? The
FED. How does the FED deal with inflation? They restrict the
debt/credit/money. What happens when they do that? The market collapses.

Several months back, after certain central banks said they would be selling
large quantities of gold, the price of gold fell to a 25-year low of about
$260 per ounce. The central banks then bought gold. After buying at the
bottom, a group of 15 central banks announced that they would be restricting
the amount of gold released into the market for the next five years. The price
of gold went up $75.00 per ounce in just a few days. How many hundreds of
billions of dollars did the central banks make with those two press releases?

Gold is generally considered to be a hedge against more severe economic
conditions. Do you think that the private banking families that own the FED
are buying or selling equities at this time? (Remember: buy low, sell high.)
How much money do you think these FED owners have made since they restricted
the money supply at the top of this last current cycle?

Alan Greenspan has said publicly on several occasions that he thinks the
market is overvalued, or words to that effect. Just a hint that he will raise
interest rates (restrict the money supply), and equity markets have a negative
reaction. Governments and politicians do not rule central banks, central banks
rule governments and politicians. President Andrew Jackson won the presidency
in 1828 with the promise to end the national debt and eliminate the SBUS.
During his second term President Jackson withdrew all government funds from
the bank and on January 8, 1835, paid off the national debt. He is the only
president in history to have this distinction. The charter of the SBUS expired
in 1836.

Without a central bank to manipulate the supply of money, the United States
experienced unprecedented growth for 60 or 70 years, and the resulting wealth
was too much for bankers to endure. They had to get back into the game. So, in
1910 Senator Nelson Aldrich, then Chairman of the National Monetary
Commission, in collusion with representatives of the European central banks,
devised a plan to pressure and deceive Congress into enacting legislation that
would covertly establish a private central bank.

This bank would assume control over the American economy by controlling the
issuance of its money. After a huge public relations campaign, engineered by
the foreign central banks, the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 was slipped through
Congress during the Christmas recess, with many members of the Congress
absent. President Woodrow Wilson, pressured by his political and financial
backers, signed it on December 23, 1913.

The act created the Federal Reserve System, a name carefully selected and
designed to deceive. "Federal" would lead one to believe that this is a
government organization. "Reserve" would lead one to believe that the currency
is being backed by gold and silver. "System" was used in lieu of the word
"bank" so that one would not conclude that a new central bank had been
created.

In reality, the act created a private, for profit, central banking corporation
owned by a cartel of private banks. Who owns the FED? The Rothschilds of
London and Berlin; Lazard Brothers of Paris; Israel Moses Seif of Italy; Kuhn,
Loeb and Warburg of Germany; and the Lehman Brothers, Goldman, Sachs and the
Rockefeller families of New York.

Did you know that the FED is the only for-profit corporation in America that
is exempt from both federal and state taxes? The FED takes in about one
trillion dollars per year tax free! The banking families listed above get all
that money.

Almost everyone thinks that the money they pay in taxes goes to the US
Treasury to pay for the expenses of the government. Do you want to know where
your tax dollars really go? If you look at the back of any check made payable
to the IRS you will see that it has been endorsed as "Pay Any F.R.B. Branch or
Gen. Depository for Credit U.S. Treas. This is in Payment of U.S. Oblig." Yes,
that's right, every dime you pay in income taxes is given to those private
banking families, commonly known as the FED, tax free.

Like many of you, I had some difficulty with the concept of creating money
from nothing. You may have heard the term "monetizing the debt," which is kind
of the same thing. As an example, if the US Government wants to borrow $1
million ó the government does borrow every dollar it spends ó they go to the
FED to borrow the money. The FED calls the Treasury and says print 10,000
Federal Reserve Notes (FRN) in units of one hundred dollars.

The Treasury charges the FED 2.3 cents for each note, for a total of $230 for
the 10,000 FRNs. The FED then lends the $1 million to the government at face
value plus interest. To add insult to injury, the government has to create a
bond for $1 million as security for the loan. And the rich get richer. The
above was just an example, because in reality the FED does not even print the
money; it's just a computer entry in their accounting system. To put this on a
more personal level, let's use another example.

Today's banks are members of the Federal Reserve Banking System. This
membership makes it legal for them to create money from nothing and lend it to
you. Today's banks, like the goldsmiths of old, realize that only a small
fraction of the money deposited in their banks is ever actually withdrawn in
the form of cash. Only about 4 percent of all the money that exists is in the
form of currency. The rest of it is simply a computer entry.

Let's say you're approved to borrow $10,000 to do some home improvements. You
know that the bank didn't actually take $10,000 from its pile of cash and put
it into your pile? They simply went to their computer and input an entry of
$10,000 into your account. They created, from thin air, a debt which you have
to secure with an asset and repay with interest. The bank is allowed to create
and lend as much debt as they want as long as they do not exceed the 10:1
ratio imposed by the FED.

It sort of puts a new slant on how you view your friendly bank, doesn't it?
How about those loan committees that scrutinize you with a microscope before
approving the loan they created from thin air. What a hoot! They make it
complex for a reason. They don't want you to understand what they are doing.
People fear what they do not understand. You are easier to delude and control
when you are ignorant and afraid.

Now to put the frosting on this cake. When was the income tax created? If you
guessed 1913, the same year that the FED was created, you get a gold star.
Coincidence? What are the odds? If you are going to use the FED to create
debt, who is going to repay that debt? The income tax was created to complete
the illusion that real money had been lent and therefore real money had to be
repaid. And you thought Houdini was good.

So, what can be done? My father taught me that you should always stand up for
what is right, even if you have to stand up alone.

If "We the People" don't take some action now, there may come a time when "We
the People" are no more. You should write a letter or send an email to each of
your elected representatives. Many of our elected representatives do not
understand the FED. Once informed they will not be able to plead ignorance and
remain silent.

Article 1, Section 8 of the US Constitution specifically says that Congress is
the only body that can "coin money and regulate the value thereof." The US
Constitution has never been amended to allow anyone other than Congress to
coin and regulate currency.

Ask your representative, in light of that information, how it is possible for
the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, and the Federal Reserve Bank that it created,
to be constitutional. Ask them why this private banking cartel is allowed to
reap trillions of dollars in profits without paying taxes. Insist on an
answer.

Thomas Jefferson said, "If the America people ever allow private banks to
control the issuance of their currencies, first by inflation and then by
deflation, the banks and corporations that will grow up around them will
deprive the people of all their prosperity until their children will wake up
homeless on the continent their fathers conquered."

Jefferson saw it coming 150 years ago. The question is, "Can you now see what
is in store for us if we allow the FED to continue controlling our country?"

"The condition upon which God hath given liberty to man is eternal vigilance;
which condition if he breaks, servitude is at once the consequence of his
crime, and the punishment of his guilt."
John P. Curran

Few perceive the truth about the Federal Reserve. Rare are those who know its
origins. It is right in front of us, but our relative ignorance of economics
and history is their protection. A quick history lesson is in order.

On October 14, 1066, AD., King William I (the Conqueror) founded the English
monarchy. The Corporation was created by William in 1067 AD. to facilitate
trade, and assure the continuation of the wealth of the monarchy. The City of
London's legal name is The Corporation of the City of London. The City of
London has unique political and economic privileges that do not apply to
Greater London, or anywhere else in the British realm. The "City" even has its
own police force that is sovereign.

The Bank of England was granted a royal charter on July 27, 1694, by William
III to regularize the monarchy's finances. This scheme was invented by a Scot
promoter named William Paterson.The scheme was to create a bank
with a "fund for perpetual interest". Fractional reserve banking was created,
along with the radical monetary concept of a "monopoly" bank which would
create money for loans that would never be repaid. A perpetual money machine
for the monarchy was born. The permanent National Debt was born. The Bank of
England would finance the emerging empire from its headquarters in the City of
London. Never again would the lack of money, or liquidity, hamper the British
empire under normal economic conditions. Conveniently, the monarchy also
controls the City of London. This assures that the heart of the economic
machine will always be protected.

The United States fought a hard and expensive war against England in 1776 to
achieve sovereignty. That included the right to have her own currency, control
her own tax policies, and the avoidance of involvement in the affairs of other
nations.

HistoryCentral.com > > War of 1812> United States Declares War on Great
Britain
The United States declared War on Great Britain on June 12, 1812. The war was
declared as a result of long simmering disputes with Great Britian. The
central dispute surrounded the impressment of American soldiers by the
British. The British had previously attacked the USS Chesapeake and nearly
caused a war two year earlier. In addition, disputes continued with Great
Britain over the Northwest Territories and the border with Canada. Finally,
the attempts of Great Britain to impose a blockade on France during the
Napoleonic Wars was a constant source of conflict with the United States.

The US did everything in their power to remove British influence and control
from this continent. Again and again we defeated all attempts to allow our
money to be controlled by a National (Central) bank. When Central banks were
established, we abolished them. Times changed, and Thomas Woodrow Wilson was
elected. The intellectual who wanted the League of Nations (the progenitor of
the United Nations) was elected. Under his leadership, we received the Federal
Reserve, and the Sixteenth Amendment (Income Tax) shackling us into slavery to
the British Crown forever. In 1917, Wilson made the world safe for democracy
by plunging the US into World War I

On December 23, 1913, the Federal
Reserve Act, also known as the Glass-Owen Bill, was passed. The Republican
controlled Senate rammed the bill through when many members of the US Congress
were home for the holiday. The President, Dr. Thomas Woodrow Wilson, signed it
into law one hour after being passed by the Congress! Somebody very powerful
really wanted this law passed. The Federal Reserve System is an independent
central bank. Although the President of the United States appoints the
chairman of the Fed, and this appointment is approved by the United States
Senate, the decisions of the Fed do not have to be ratified by the President,
or anyone else in the executive branch of the United States government. Buried
in the legislation was the granting of total power over the monetary policies
of all US banks. A very curious statement is found in the original 1913 law.
SEC. 30. The right to amend, alter, or repeal this Act is hereby expressly
reserved. Reserved expressly to whom, or what? No definition is provided. This
is the entire Section 30 statement! "Curiouser and curiouser, cried Alice".

Stock not held by member banks shall not be entitled to voting power. This
clause guarantees that no outsider can justify buying shares in the Federal
Reserve. "But wait! There's more!"

Sec. 341 Second. To have succession for a period of twenty years from its
organization unless it is sooner dissolved by an Act of Congress, or unless
its franchise becomes forfeited by some violation of law. The Federal Reserve
was only given a corporate life of 20 years! Their time was up in 1933 Who was
President at that time? Franklin. D. Roosevelt, of course. Somehow, the
Federal Reserve's termination did not occur. Reader, do I have your attention
yet? My research failed to find any reauthorization of the Federal Reserve Act
of 1913, other than the tacit approval given by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.

No Senator or Representative in Congress shall be a member of the Federal
Reserve Board or an officer or a director of a Federal reserve bank. No member
of Congress is have access to the inner sanctum! Hello, what is this? Are they
afraid that an American might come upon something untoward? 12 USC 3019
Federal reserve banks, including the capital stock and surplus therein, and
the Income derived therefrom shall be exempt from Federal, State, and local
taxation, except taxes upon real estate. People, I think we are a roll now.

SEC. 25.Any national banking association possessing a capital and surplus of
1,000,000 dollars or more may file application with the Federal Reserve Board,
upon such conditions and under such regulations as may be prescribed by the
said board, for the purpose of securing authority to establish branches in
foreign countries or dependencies of the United States for the furtherance of
the foreign commerce of the United States, and to act, if required to do so,
as fiscal agents of the United States. Such application shall specify, in
addition to the name and capital of the banking association filing it, the
place or places where the banking operations proposed are to be carried on,
and the amount of capital set aside for the conduct of its foreign business.
The Federal Reserve Board shall have power to approve or to reject such
application if, in its judgment, the amount of capital proposed to be set
aside for the conduct of foreign business is inadequate, or if for other
reasons the granting of such application is deemed inexpedient. Wow, the US
government has no formal control over the foreign operations of the Federal
reserve banks! The Federal reserve banks are exempt from all taxation. These
people are very independent. Independent of audits, independent of
congressional supervision, and independent of the American voter.

The Federal Reserve claims that nobody owns it – that it is an "independent
entity within the government." The Federal Reserve is subject to laws such as
the Freedom of Information Act and the Privacy Act which cover Federal
agencies but not private corporations; yet Congress gave the Federal Reserve
the autonomy to carry out its responsibilities insulated from political
pressure.

Each of the Fed's three parts – the Board of Governors, the regional Reserve
banks, and the Federal Open Market Committee – operates independently of the
federal government to carry out the Fed's core responsibilities. Once a member
of the Board of Governors is appointed, he or she can be as independent as a
U.S. Supreme Court judge, though the term is shorter. As the nation's central
bank, the Federal Reserve derives its authority from the U.S. Congress. It is
considered an independent central bank because its decisions do not have to be
ratified by the President or anyone else in the executive or legislative
branch of government, it does not receive funding appropriated by the
Congress, and the terms of the members of the Board of Governors span multiple
presidential and congressional terms. (The Fed's financial independence arises
because it is hugely profitable due to its ownership of government bonds. (It
gives the government billions of dollars each year.) However, the Federal
Reserve is subject to oversight by the Congress, which periodically reviews
its activities and can alter its responsibilities by statute. Also, the
Federal Reserve must work within the framework of the overall objectives of
economic and financial policy established by the government.

The only statements of ownership made by the Federal Reserve Board is an
allusion to the twelve Federal district banks. This circle puts us back at the
beginning, for no information is provided regarding the ownership of the
twelve Federal district banks. However, a 1976 government study commissioned
by the Federal Reserve Directors revealed the following:

OWNERSHIP OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE Most Americans, if they know anything at all
about the Federal Reserve, believe it is an agency of the United States
Government. This article charts the true nature of the "National Bank." Chart
1 Source: ** Federal Reserve Directors: A Study of Corporate and Banking
Influence ** - - Published 1976 Chart 1 reveals the linear connection between
the Rothschilds and the Bank of England, and the London banking houses which
ultimately control the Federal Reserve Banks through their stockholdings of
bank stock and their subsidiary firms in New York. The two principal
Rothschild representatives in New York, J. P. Morgan Co., and Kuhn, Loeb & Co.
were the firms which set up the Jekyll Island Conference at which the Federal
Reserve Act was drafted, who directed the subsequent successful campaign to
have the plan enacted into law by Congress, and who purchased the controlling
amounts of stock in the Federal Reserve Bank of New York in 1914. These firms
had their principal officers appointed to the Federal Reserve Board of
Governors and the Federal Advisory Council in 1914. In 1914 a few families
(blood or business related) owning controlling stock in existing banks (such
as in New York City) caused those banks to purchase controlling shares in the
Federal Reserve regional banks. Examination of the charts and text in the
House Banking Committee Staff Report of August, 1976 and the current
stockholders list of the 12 regional Federal Reserve Banks show this same
family control.

George Bush presided over a minor change in the Federal Reserve Act. The
Sarbanes-Oxley Act was passed in 2002. The American Congress failed again to
deal with the Federal Reserve. Bush managed to keep all discussion and changes
confined to some reporting requirements for financial institutions. Bush knows
very well who he serves, and he really serves his master well. It's amazing
how few grasped the significance of Alan Greenspan being knighted by the Queen
of England! Greenspan was knighted on September 26, 2002. An obvious reward
for preventing any real discussion, or change, of the Federal Reserve during
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act debates. Had an American President been knighted,
serious questions would have arisen. It was so each easier to reward her
manager, Alan! Do you still believe that Alan Greenspan has the power of
Dearth Vader? He is only a little man, faithfully serving his queen.

The British Crown, or the British monarchy is the owner of the Federal
Reserve. This is their real secret. The strategy of the Federal Reserve is
their other secret. Again, it is right of front of us, but no one sees the
obvious. The strategy of the Federal Reserve is to accumulate all the wealth
through the very slow, but effective, technique of currency debasement. The
monarchs of old used to shave or clip the coins as they passed through their
treasuries. Now the process is more sanitary (no more clipping and scraping
all those dirty coins). John Maynard Keynes clearly stated that at there is no
more effective method of destroying a society than through currency
debasement.

The primary reason for its success is the inability of most people to
understand that more is not necessarily better. A recent conversation
highlighted Kenyes's observation. There is some agitation to raise the minimum
wage in my state. I listened to a proponent of a higher minimum wage. I
attempted to point out that an increase in a large number of people's income
would only result in prices going up, along with the obvious tax increases.
"What was I talking about?" was the response. I explained that some percentage
of people might wind up dealing with tax bracket creep (increases), and all
will have with the obligatory tax increases that follow from any price
increase. If nothing else, the sales tax must go up because the prices have
gone up. I was immediately informed that I was the most negative person they
had ever talked to.

The Federal Reserve will always debase the currency to take its cut, and
guarantee that the government has a tax base available to feed its
bureaucratic family. The government is a total slave of the Federal Reserve.
For example, analyze the latest real estate boom. There will be a major boost
in property taxes based on the new valuations. Many people will be surprised
when they receive their new tax bill. This will guarantee more money for the
government coffers. They know that people will do almost anything to keep
their homes. What's another job or two per family? Besides, the extra job will
provide more tax revenue for the government. This will require more day care,
or baby-sitting services for many families, which create more income for the
government. This will cause more meals to be eaten out, which creates more
revenue for the government Meanwhile, prices will continue to go up, which
creates more sales tax revenue for the government. Are you getting the point
yet? Deflation is end of the government. The local, state, and federal
government will all fail!

This is the strategy of the Federal Reserve. The majority of the people will
always believe that more is better. Knowing that, and now having a democracy
ensconced in the US, it was time to feed and breed. Prices always go up, and
everything is "Wunnerful, Wunnerful" Bring on the Champagne Lady. Alan runs
the bubble machine. The illusion of money has destroyed most people since
society (goverment) developed socialism. Democracy feeds on the illusion of
something for nothing. As each demagogue promises more than his competition,
the tax burden becomes oppressive. The monetary illusion serves to conceal the
costs through currency debasement. This assures the complete destruction of
the society that embraces this perversion. Any attempt to introduce logic into
a dialogue will be defeated by claiming you're an elitist devoid of
compassion. Envy, hate, and manipulated passions are the hallmark of
democracies. While all this destruction is occurring, money diverted by the
mechanism of currency debasement is constantly being transferred to the
British Crown in the City of London.

THE HISTORY OF LAWFUL GOLD AND SILVER LEGAL TENDER
AND THE DEBT BROUGHT ON BY UNLAWFUL FIAT PAPER MONEY

"I believe that banking institutions are more dangerous to our liberties than
standing armies."(Thomas Jefferson)

"Governments never do anything by accident; if government does something you
can bet it was carefully planned."(Franklin D.Roosevelt)

"The high office of President has been used to format a plot to destroy the
American's freedom, and before I leave office must inform the citizen of his
plight." (John F. Kennedy at Columbia University, 10 days before his
assassination).

This country which was founded on Godly principles finds itself having some
perplexing problems. One of which, is a reported four trillion dollars debt,
this debt is actually closer to twelve trillion dollars, that's a twelve and
twelve zeros.

"If ever again our nation stumbles upon unfunded paper, it shall surely be
like death to our body politic. This country will crash."(George Washington)

How did this country get so far in debt, is it the Americans fault, the
governments fault, or is it possible that there are other forces at work
behind the scenes, causing the manipulation of the currency of the world? For
sure the ultimate blame rests with the people of America. The responsibility
of freedom is secured by individuals and can only be given away individually,
the minority cannot relinquish the rights for the majority.

Thomas Jefferson said: "If a nation expects to be ignorant and free it expects
something it cannot be." God's Holy Word says in Hosea 4:6: "My people are
destroyed by a lack of knowledge." Can a country that murders its children
through government sponsored abortion expect to prosper or even survive? Can a
country escape God's judgement while murdering its children or allowing and
promoting homosexuality, drug abuse, usury, and the blatant violation of its
people by government? The Word of God and history prove this cannot take place
without the moral and finally the physical destruction of its government and
its people for allowing the violation of God's Laws. Here is what the Lord
says about the violation of His laws in Hosea 7:13-8:4:

"{13} Woe to them, because they have strayed from me! Destruction to them,
because they have rebelled against me! I long to redeem them but they speak
lies against me.

{14} They do not cry out to me from their hearts but wail upon their beds.
They gather together for grain and new wine but turn away from me.

{15} I trained them and strengthened them, but they plot evil against me.

{16} They do not turn to the Most High; they are like a faulty bow. Their
leaders will fall by the sword because of their insolent words. For this they
will be ridiculed in the land of Egypt.

{8:1} "Put the trumpet to your lips! An eagle is over the house of the LORD
because the people have broken my covenant and rebelled against my law.

{2} Israel cries out to me, 'O our God, we acknowledge you!'

{3} But Israel has rejected what is good; an enemy will pursue him.

{4} They set up kings without my consent; they choose princes without my
approval. With their silver and gold they make idols for themselves to their
own destruction."

How do you destroy a country without firing a shot and without destroying it's
infrastructure? You do this by controlling a nation's money, manipulating
inflation and the use of non-redeemable paper money instead of gold and
silver. This is what the Lord says about paper money in Proverbs 20:23: "The
LORD detests differing weights, and dishonest scales do not please him."

Here is a quote from John Adams: "I am firmly of the opinion that there never
was a paper pound, a paper dollar, or a paper promise of any kind, that ever
yet obtained a general currency [as money] but by force or fraud, generally by
both."

Also, a quote from Count Destutt de Tracy: "A theft of greater magnitude and
still more ruinous, is the making of paper money; it is greater because in
this money there is absolutely no real value; it is more ruinous because by
its gradual depreciation during the time of its existence, it produces the
effect which would be proration of the coins. All those iniquities are founded
on the false idea the money is but a sign."

I'm going to show you some examples in our nations history, of how we have
been conquered and enslaved. By the time the Revolutionary War was over the
United States government could not pay its war debts, altogether Congress
printed two hundred million dollars in paper currency just to operate the
government. In a short time they had to borrow money just to pay the interest;
does this sound familiar?

William Davie, who was a delegate from North Carolina [1787] said: "Can our
general government recur to the ordinary expedient of loans? During the late
war, large sums were advanced to us by foreign states and individuals.
Congress has not been enabled to pay even the interest of these debts with
honor and punctuality. The requisitions made on the states have been every
where unproductive, and some of them have not paid a stiver....Many of the
individuals who lent us money in the hour of our distress, are now reduced to
indigence in consequence of our delinquency.

So low and hopeless are the finances of the United States, that, the year
before last Congress was obliged to borrow money even, to pay the interest of
the principal which we had borrowed before. This wretched resource of turning
interest into principal, is the most humiliating and disgraceful measure that
a nation could take, and approximates with rapidity to absolute ruin."

After the Revolutionary War the military almost rebelled, and would have if it
had not been for the pleading's of George Washington. In 1787, Shays Rebellion
broke out as a result of the financial woes in this country. This caused a
great rift between government and the people. Congress decided that the
Articles of the Confederation were not sufficient and that a constitution must
be written to protect the government and allow trade between the States and
other countries. Only then would Congress be able to provide protection for
the government and the States, and only then would they, through this
commercial enterprise, be able to pay it's debts.

However, the forefathers made a big mistake by allowing the international
bankers to operate in this country with their foreign interests unchecked. Who
ever controls the money of the world controls the world.

More-
THE HISTORY OF LAWFUL GOLD AND SILVER LEGAL TENDER
AND THE DEBT BROUGHT ON BY UNLAWFUL FIAT PAPER MONEY
http://www.atgpress.com/kifap/monie.htm========================================[As a footnote: Jonathan Williams
recorded in his book Legions of Satan, 1781, that Cornwallis revealed to
Washington during his surrender that "a holy war will now begin on America,
and when it is ended America will be supposedly the citadel of freedom, but
her millions will unknowingly be loyal subjects to the Crown." Cornwallis went
on to explain what would seem to be a self contradiction: "Your churches will
be used to teach the Jew's religion and in less than two hundred years the
whole nation will be working for divine world government. That government that
they believe to be divine will be the British Empire. All religions will be
permeated with Judaism without even being noticed by the masses, and they will
all be under the invisible all-seeing eye on the Grand Architect of
Freemasonry."

Watch for "A COUNTRY DEFEATED IN VICTORY" to be released in early 1994.

1765: Prior to the establishment of the
United States, Blackstone said in his commentaries: "If a man counterfeits the
King's money; and if a man brings false money into the realm counterfeit to
the money of England, knowing the money to be false." As to the first branch,
counterfeiting the King's money; this is treason, whether the false money be
uttered in payment or not.Also if the King's own ministers alter the
standard of alloy established by law, it is treason."

1781: George Washington wrote to John
Laurens and said: "Experience has
demonstrated the impracticability long to maintain a paper credit without
funds for its redemption."

APRIL 12, 1782: John Adams negotiated
with the Netherlands toreceive a
loan and recognition for the United States.

APRIL 19, 1782: The Netherlands
recognized the independence ofthe
United States.

JUNE 11, 1782: Dutch bankers agree to
lend two million dollars tothe
United States.

OCTOBER 8, 1782: A treaty of commerce
and friendship was signedbetween
the United States and the Netherlands.

NOVEMBER 30, 1782: A preliminary peace
treaty is signed betweenthe United
States and England. The most important provisions arethe establishment of boundaries and
recognition of American
independence. All debts due to creditors of either country areaccepted as valid debts.

FEBRUARY 28, 1785: Britain threatens to
break off the treatybecause
Americans have failed to comply with the treaty, byhaving paid the debts owed to Britain.

JUNE-SEPTEMBER 1785: There is a major
depression because ofunstable paper
money resulting in falling prices. This allowedsome of the States to discharge their debts
on a basis which wassometimes a
thousand to one.

1786: The board of Treasury in 1786
condemned paper currency "the
revival of a paper currency and the rage for another experimentin this fallacious medium that has so far
prevailed as to enterinto the
system of revenue of several States"

1787: During the federal convention,
Roger Sherman made thestatement
that: "no Government has a right to impose on itssubjects any foreign currency to be
received in payments as moneywhich
is not of intrinsic value: unless such Government willassume and undertake to secure and make
good to the possessor ofsuch
currency the full value which they oblige him to receive it for."

JANUARY 27, 1787: Shays rebellion took
place because of financial
depression.

JANUARY 14, 1790: Treasury Secretary
Alexander Hamilton says theUnited
States should pay its debts at par value, even though manyspeculators would profit by this.[As a
footnote AlexanderHamilton married
into the Rothschild family December 14, 1780,Alexander Hamilton was born Alexander
Levine, of Jewish lineage,in St.
Croix, the West Indies. After changing his name and hisgeographical situs, he married Elizabeth
Schuyler, the seconddaughter of
Phillip Schuyler, at the bride's home in Albany, NewYork. The bride's mother was Catherine Van
Rensselaer, daughterof Colonel John
R. Van Rensselaer, who was the son of Hendrik,the grandson of Killiaen, the first
partroon.[THE INTIMATE LIFE OF
ALEXANDER HAMILTON, by Allan Hamilton 1910]

[It has been reported that there are
documents in the Britishmuseum
that prove Alexander Hamilton received payment from theRothschild's for his dastardly deeds. Could
this payment havebeen for his
involvement in the establishment of a foreign bankin this country, and for convincing
Congress to assume the States
debts, which would have created a debt obligation binding the United States
government and the States to the internationalbankers?]

JUNE 20, 1790: Alexander Hamilton
convinces Congress to pass the
Assumption Act, under which the federal government is to assumethe States debts.

DECEMBER 14, 1790: Alexander Hamilton
submits a plan for a bankof the
United States, mainly as a vehicle for the funding ofdebts under the Assumption Act and to
establish credit.

FEBRUARY 25, 1791: The bank of the
United States is chartered.

MARCH 1-2, 1792: Congress debates the
propriety of AlexanderHamilton's
conduct of his office as Secretary of the Treasury.Nothing irregular is discovered.

APRIL 2, 1792: Congress passes the
Coinage Act, which establishesa
mint and prescribes a decimal system of coinage.

FEBRUARY 2, 1793: Alexander Hamilton
resigns as Secretary ofTreasury.

JANUARY 24-FEBRUARY 20, 1811: Congress
debates renewal of thecharter for
the Bank of the United States.

MARCH 4, 1811: The Bank of the United
States is closedpermanently.

1812-1815: The War of 1812 breaks out
with Britain.

DECEMBER 5, 1815: President Madison
proposes a second Bank of the
United States to succeed the first Bank that failed to berechartered in 1811.

MARCH 14, 1816: Congress creates the
second Bank of the UnitedStates.

JANUARY 7, 1817: The second Bank of the
United States is opened.

SEPTEMBER 11, 1830: The Anti-Masonic
party acquires nationalstatus by
holding a convention in Philadelphia.

DECEMBER 6, 1830: President Andrew
Jackson attacks the Bank ofthe
United States.

SEPTEMBER 26, 1831: The Anti-Masonic
party holds a nationalconvention
in Baltimore.

MARCH 17, 1832: The Banking Select
Committee said: "That the
consequences of the present, is that the currency of the UnitedStates is bank notes, to the exclusion of
the precious metals.The exclusion
of gold and silver coins from circulation is aserious defect, which ought not to be
tolerated, and which shouldbe
speedily remedied. There is not an example on record of thesuccessful issue of a paper currency, and
our experiment has beentoo short
and dubious to prove its suitableness as a permanentregulation."

JUNE 11, 1832: A bill to renew the
charter of the Bank of theUnited
States is submitted by Congress.

JULY 3 1832: The Bank bill is approved.

OCTOBER 1832: The Anti-Masonic party
backs Andrew Jackson, and he is re-elected.

JUNE 1, 1833: The Secretary of Treasury
refuses to follow theorder of
President Jackson to distribute the Bank of UnitedStates funds into State banks.

SEPTEMBER 18, 1833: President Jackson
reads to his cabinet apaper
drafted by the Attorney General as to the reasons why thefederal deposits should be removed from the
Bank of the UnitedStates.

DECEMBER 26, 1833: Senator Henry Clay
offers two resolutions ofcensure
against President Jackson for his plan to remove depositsfrom the Bank of the United States.

MARCH 17, 1834: Representative Gillet, a
member of the BankingSelect
Committee, concurred in the expediency of increasing thecirculation of gold coin, arguing that,
"under the paper system,banks have
broken, and on whom did the loss most severely fall?Upon the poor, who understood little of the
condition and creditof banks. The
wealthy usually foresaw the evil and protectedthemselves."

MARCH 28, 1834: The Senate approves the
criticizing of PresidentJackson.

APRIL 4, 1834: The House passes four
resolutions sustaining thebank
policy of the Jackson administration.

APRIL 15, 1834: President Jackson makes
a formal protest to theSenate
concerning its resolution of censure.

MAY 7, 1834: The Senate refuses to enter
President Jackson'sprotest in its
journals.

DECEMBER 1, 1834: President Jackson
declares that the nationaldebt
will be paid off JANUARY 1, 1835.

JANUARY 30, 1835: There is an attempt to
assassinate PresidentJackson.

FEBRUARY 18, 1836: The Bank of the
United States charterexpires, the
Bank receives a charter in Pennsylvania.

DECEMBER 5, 1836: President Andrew
Jackson said in his message to
Congress: "It is apparent from the whole context of theConstitution as well as the history of the
times which gave birthto it, that
it was the purpose of the Convention to establish acurrency consisting of the precious metals.
These were adoptedby a
per-exchange, such as of certain agricultural commoditiesrecognized by the statutes of some States
as tender for debts, orthe still
more pernicious expedient of paper currency."

JANUARY 23, 1840: A bill establishing an
Independent Treasury isproposed by
Congress.

JUNE 30, 1840: The Independent Treasury
bill passes the House.

JULY 28, 1841: A bill re-establishing a
National Bank passes theSenate.

AUGUST 13, 1841: The House approves the
bill to re-establish theNational
Bank.

AUGUST 13, 1841: The Independent Act of
1840 is repealed.

AUGUST 16, 1841: President Tyler vetoes
the Bank bill.

SEPTEMBER 3, 1841: The Senate approves
the second Bank bill for aNational
Bank under another name.

SEPTEMBER 9, 1841: President Tyler
vetoes the second Bank bill.

AUGUST 6, 1846: The Independent Treasury
Act is approved.

APRIL 12, 1861: The Civil War starts.

AUGUST 5, 1861: Congress passes the
first National income tax.

AUGUST 21, 1861: The United States
issues the first papercurrency.

FEBRUARY 25, 1863: Congress establishes
a National Bankingsystem.

1864: The Coinage Act of 1834 had the
purpose of striking a fatalblow at
the ability of banks to sustain a circulation of smalldenomination paper currencies. The invalid
conclusion that thelegal-tender
acts of the Civil War were constitutional becausethey effected through a paper medium the
same type of"debasement", which no
one " ever imagined was taking privateproperty without compensation or without
due process of law".

APRIL 14, 1865: A short time after
President Lincoln orders the
Lincoln greenbacks to be printed; which would deprive the banksfrom charging interest on the money they
would have printed,President
Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth. It'sbeen proven this was a conspiracy because
of the other four menwho were
involved in the assassination, and it has also beenestablished that these men were on the
payroll of theRothschild's.

OCTOBER 31, 1865: The public debt of the
United States stands atover
seventy dollars per capita.

MARCH 18, 1869: Congress passes the
public Credit Act to pay thepublic
debt in gold, leaving three hundred million in greenbacksand a bitter debate about redeeming them.

JULY 28, 1868: The Fourteenth Amendment
is enacted, which notonly created
federal citizenship, it also made it illegal forfederal citizens to question the federal
debt. [clause four 14thAmendment]

SEPTEMBER 24, 1869: On this "Black
Friday" a financial panicoccurs
after two stock gamblers, Jay Gould and James Fisk, try toorganize a corner on the gold market. The
Grant administrationdumps four
million dollars in gold on the market, the price fallsin fifteen minutes from one hundred and
sixty two dollars to onehundred
and thirty three dollars and many investors are ruined.

1873: The historian, William Graham
Sumner explained that: "Thepopular
mind rests on instances like our continental money, asshowing the error of paper money where it
absolutely perishes.It is thought
that, short of this, only alarmists see danger.The story of Austria shows that an
irredeemable paper currency isa
national calamity of the first magnitude, of which one mayindeed find greater or lesser examples, but
of which the least isa peremptory
warning to statesmen and financiers. It is like adisease in the blood, undermining the
Constitution and spreadingdecay
through all the arteries of business. In its measure andaccording to circumstances it is
pernicious, if not fatal."

FEBRUARY 12, 1873: Congress terminates
the coinage of silver,because the
intrinsic value of bullion exceeds its face value,this Act becomes known as "the crime of
73."

SEPTEMBER 8, 1873: Jay Cooke and Company
declares itselfbankrupt, this
causes a three year depression.

APRIL 22, 1874: President Grant vetoes a
bill passed by Congressvalidating
the issuance of greenbacks.

JUNE 20, 1874: Congress passes a
Currency Act fixing the maximum
amount of greenbacks in circulation at three hundred and eighty-eight million dollars.

JANUARY 14, 1875: Congress passes the
Specie Resumption Act,reducing the
circulation of greenbacks to three hundred milliondollars.

AUGUST 19, 1877: In a speech made by the
Secretary of TreasuryJohn Sherman,
he said: "There is a large class of people whobelieve that paper can be, and ought to be,
made into moneywithout any promise
or hope of redemption; that a note should beprinted: "This is a dollar," and be made a
legal tender. Iregard this as a
mild form of lunacy, and have no disposition todebate with men who indulge in such
delusions, which haveprevailed to
some extent, at different times, in all countries,but whose life has been brief, and which
have shared the fate ofother
popular delusions. The Supreme Court only maintained theconstitutionality of the legal tender
promise to pay a dollar bya
divided court, and on the ground that it was issued in thenature of a forced loan, to be redeemed
upon the payment of areal dollar;
that is, so many grains of silver or gold. Itherefore dismiss such wild theories, and
speak only to those whoare willing
to assume, as an axiom, that gold and silver orcoined money, have been proven by all human
experience to be thebest possible
standards of value, and that paper money is simplya promise to pay such coined money, and
should be made and keptequal to
coined money, by being convertible on demand. [emphasismine]

JANUARY 1885: The Treasury surplus was
up to five hundred milliondollars.

JANUARY 17, 1894: The federal gold
reserves drop to only sixtymillion
dollars. The federal government offers a bond issue offifty million dollars to make up gold
reserve losses.

NOVEMBER 13, 1894: Another federal bond
issue of fifty milliondollars is
offered. Because of poor public response, most ofthis loan is taken over by New York
bankers.

JANUARY 6, 1896: The fourth bond issue
in three years is floated,this
time in public subscription totaling one hundred milliondollars, federal treasury reserves are down
to seventy ninemillon dollars
which is considered so low as to endanger thecontinuance of the gold standard.

MARCH 14, 1900: Congress passes the Gold
Standard Act, underwhich other
forms of money are made redeemable in gold on demand,a gold reserve of one hundred and fifty
million dollars iscreated, and the sale of bonds is
authorized when necessary to
maintain the reserve.

MARCH 13, 1907: A financial panic begins
with a sharp drop of thestock
market.

OCTOBER-NOVEMBER 1907: A run begins on
October 23rd on theKnickerbocker
Trust Co. that wipes out that bank, many otherbanks fail, unemployment rises, and food
prices soar. Increasedbank deposits
infused by the United States Treasuryrestore confidence, supported by loans from
such capitalistleaders as J.
Pierpont Morgan.

MAY 30, 1908: Under the impact of the
financial panic of 1907,the
Aldrich-Vreeland Currency Act is passed by Congress, itestablishes the National Monetary
Commission to study banking.

JULY 12 1909: Congress passes an
amendment to the Constitution
authorizing the imposition of a tax on incomes.

FEBRUARY 25, 1913: The sixteenth
Amendment to the Constitution of
the United States is declared in effect. [As a footnote: Thisamendment did not confer any new power of
taxation on Congressand did not
extend the power of taxation to subjects previouslyexempted. Its whole purpose was to exclude
the source from whichincome tax is
a direct tax which must be apportioned among thestates, and thus remove the occasion which
might otherwise existfor an
apportionment. [27th American Jurisprudence, Section 17,pages 317, 318.] "The source of the taxing
power is not the 16thAmendment, it
is Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution."[Penn Mutual Indemnity Co. v. Commissioner,
32 T.C. 1959, CCH atpg. 659.]

December 23, 1913: The Federal Reserve
Act is signed, dividingthe country
into twelve districts, each with a federal reserve bank. The act also provides
for a drastic currency based on
commercial assets rather than bonded indebtness, mobilization ofbank reserves, public control of the
banking system [foreigninterest],
and decentralization rather than centralization.

JULY 28, 1914: World War One begins.

OCTOBER 15, 1915: American bankers,
organized by J.P. Morgan andCo.,
agree to lend Great Britain and France five hundred milliondollars, the largest loan floated in any
country.

JULY 11, 1916: The Federal Aid Road Act
is signed by President

Wilson. The measure provides five
million dollars for the use ofthe
States that undertake road building programs, and itestablishes a system of highway
classification. Almost twohundred
and fifty thousand commercial vehicles and more thanthree million private cars are registered
to use public roads.

JULY 17, 1916: The Federal Farm Loan Act
is passed by Congress.

OCTOBER 3, 1916: Congress passes the War
Revenue Act, increasingcorporate
and personal income taxes and establishing excise-profits, and luxury taxes.

APRIL 5, 1918: The War Finance
Corporation is formed, capitalized
at five hundred million dollars to support war industries throughloans and bond sales.

1920: Congress abolishes the United
States Treasury andestablishes the
Dept. of Treasury, in the Act of 1920 66thCongress session II ch. 214.

APRIL 9-16, 1924: The United States
banks loan Germany twohundred
million for reparation.

NOVEMBER 14, 1925: Because of a severe
financial depression inEurope, the
United States agrees to a sharp reduction in foreignwar debts as well as interest rates on
them, but still insists onpartial
payment.

JANUARY-APRIL 1926: War debt agreements
are reached between theUnited
States and several European countries, including France,Italy, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Rumina,
Estonia and Latvia. Inthe case of
France it is agreed that the four billion dollarsowed to the United States banks will be
paid over a period ofsixty two
years. Italy, which owes one billion five hundredmillion dollars is also to be paid back in
sixty two years.

MARCH 10, 1928: The United States pays
three hundred milliondollars to
Germany to reimburse them for property taken duringWorld War One.

JULY 10, 1929: The new paper currency,
only two thirds the sizeof the
old, goes into circulation.

OCTOBER 24-28, 1929: The stock market
crashes as millions ofshares
change hands and billions of dollars in value are lost.

FEBRUARY 24, 1930: J.P. Morgan and Co.
announce that the groupformed to
halt the market crash on October 24-29, has sold allits shares and is disbanded.

DECEMBER 11, 1930: The largest Bank
failure in the nationshistory
takes place when the Bank of the United States closes itsdoors in New York.

SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 1931: The bank panic
increases as over eighthundred
banks are closed in two months. Individuals start tohoard gold to protect themselves.

DECEMBER 8, 1931: The President's
Address message to Congresscalls
for increased taxation to make up for the deficit of ninehundred and two millon dollars for the year
30-31.

JANUARY 22, 1932: The Reconstruction
Finance Corporation cameinto
existence with the purpose of loaning money to the banks.

FEBRUARY 27, 1932: Congress passes the
Glass-Steagall Act, which
authorizes the sale of seven hundred and fifty million dollarsworth of the government gold supply and
allows the federalreserve system
more leeway in discounting commercial paper.

JULY 21, 1932: President Hoover signs
the Emergency Relief Actwhich
provides three hundred million dollars in loans to theStates and increases the Reconstruction
Finance Corporations debtceiling to three billion dollars to make loans to
State and localgovernments.

March 10, 1933: By the continued use of
paper money the UnitedStates had
to be declared bankrupt, which was proven by thebankruptcy procedures that were followed in
President Roosevelt'sExecutive
Orders. President Roosevelt declared the United Statesbankrupt by Presidential Executive Order,
6073 and the subsequentExecutive
Orders, 6102, 6111 and 6260.[these documents are stillpublicly attainable in any federal
depository library]

MAY 23, 1933: On the House floor,
Congressman Mcfadden brought
impeachment charges against many of the federal reserve boardmembers, federal reserve agents of many
States, comptroller ofthe currency,
and several secretaries of the United StatesTreasury for high crimes and misdemeanors,
including the theft ofeighty
billion dollars from the United States Government and withcommitting the same thefts in 1929, 1930,
1931, 1932 and 1933 andin the years
previous to 1928, amounting to billions of dollars.

These charges were remanded to the
Judiciary committee for
investigation, where these charges were effectively buried anduntil this day have never been answered.[See Congressional Record pp.4055-4058 May
23, 1933]

JUNE 16, 1933: The National Industrial
Recovery Act is passed,this allows
private corporations to make their own laws and writetheir own statutes, as applied to the
public.

JANUARY 30, 1934: The Gold Reserve Act
gives the President theright to
change the value of the dollar. The Presidentimmediately devalues the dollar to fifty
nine cents.

JUNE 28, 1934: The Federal Home
Association is established, to
insure the loans made by banks in building homes.

MAY 27, 1935: The United States Supreme
Court declares that theNational
Industrial Recovery Act is unconstitutional. Since thefederal reserve is a private corporation
and passes its own laws;does this
not make the federal reserve unconstitutional[illegal]?[Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States,
295 U.S. 495 1934]

AUGUST 14, 1935: The Social Security Act
[Federal InsuranceContribution
Act] becomes law, the American people are told thisis a insurance policy. This is actually an
agreement between youand the United
States government where you have agreed under tortlaw that you have contributed to the
national debt and that youare a
wrong doer under the definition of the word contribution,as it is used by the government. [see the
word contribution andthe words tort
feasor in Blacks Law Dictionary 6th ed.]

AUGUST 23, 1935: The Banking Act of 1935
is passed, restructuringthe
federal reserve system to allow for increased control ofbanking and credit.

AUGUST 28, 1935: The Public Utility Act
is signed, the UnitedStates takes
control of the countries utilities.

JANUARY 4, 1939: President Roosevelt
requests one billion threehundred
and nineteen million five hundred and fifty eightthousand dollars for defense.

JANUARY 5, 1939: President Roosevelt
submits a budget of ninebillion
dollars to Congress.

SEPTEMBER 1, 1939: World War Two Begins.

JANUARY 3, 1940: President Roosevelt
requests one billion eighthundred
million dollars for defense.

MAY 31, 1940: President Roosevelt
requests one billion threehundred
million dollars for defense.

JUNE 22, 1940: Congress raises the
national debt ceiling to arecord
high of forty nine billion dollars.

JANUARY 8, 1941: The Presidents budget
calls for a recordseventeen
billion eight hundred million dollars, of which sixtypercent is for defense.

MARCH 30, 1941: President Roosevelt
approves a measure thatraises the
ceiling on the public debt to a record sixty fivebillion dollars.

JANUARY 5, 1943: President Roosevelt
proposed budget for thefiscal year
1943 is one hundred and eight billion nine hundredand three million dollars.

JANUARY 13, 1944: President Roosevelt
proposes a budget of onehundred
billion dollars for 1944.

JULY 28, 1945: The United Nations
charter is ratified by theSenate.

JANUARY 2, 1950: A report by the United
States Dept. of Commerceshows that
for the period July 1, 1945 to September 30, 1949, theUnited States spent almost twenty five
billion dollars in foreignaid.
Military spending for the same years has been one third ofthe yearly budget.

JULY 19, 1950: President Truman calls
for partial mobilizationafter
Korea crosses the 38th parallel and also asks Congress forten billion dollars for the military.

JANUARY 21, 1952: The President's budget
calls for expendituresof eighty
five billion four hundred and forty four milliondollars for the coming fiscal year.
Slightly over three fourthsof the
budget is to spent on "national security".

JUNE 29, 1955: The Federal Aid Highway
Act is signed by thePresident. It
authorizes thirty three billion dollars to bespent over the next thirteen years on the
highways.

JANUARY 16, 1957: A peace time budget of
seventy two billioneight hundred
and seven million dollars is proposed.

JANUARY 13, 1958: The fiscal deficit is
up to twelve billion fourhundred
twenty seven million dollars.

AUGUST 7, 1958: President Eisenhower
signs into law anappropriations
bill for defense in the amount of thirty ninebillion six hundred and two million eight
hundred and twentyseven thousand
dollars.

1961: President Eisenhower allots forty
seven billion six hundredand fifty
four million dollars for defense.

NOVEMBER 28, 1961: President Kennedy
"reached the decision thatsilver
metal should gradually be withdrawn from our monetaryreserves."

1963: Six days prior to President John
F. Kennedy beingassassinated, he
ordered the Treasury to print United StatesNotes to be used as legal tender, a limited
amount were printedbefore his
untimely death. This action would have put thefederal reserve out of business because
they would no longer beable to
collect interest on the money they would have printed.This would have eventually removed the
financial and politicalcontrol the
international bankers had over this country. Tendays prior to his assassination President
Kennedy said "The highoffice of
President has been used to foment a plot to destroy theAmerican's freedom, and before I leave
office I must inform thecitizen of
his plight."

NOVEMBER 22, 1963: President John F.
Kennedy is assassinated.One of the
first acts President Johnson orders is the reversal ofthe order President Kennedy had made, which
had allowed theprinting of United
States Notes without interest. Was PresidentKennedy assassinated for the same reasons
as President Lincoln?

NOVEMBER 26, 1963: Prior to this date
the federal reserve noteswere a
promise to pay and were redeemable on demand by the bearerfor lawful money. After President Johnson's
order to remove theUnited States
notes, the Federal Reserve issued federal reservenotes without the promise to pay to the
bearer on demand lawfulmoney.
Interestingly, the first fifty million no-promise federalreserve notes were shipped out the same day
that President JohnF. Kennedy was
buried.

MARCH 8, 1965: The first troops landed
in Vietnam.

1967: The deficit is announced to be
twenty five billion dollars.

JUNE 1968: Marked the first time in
United States history that apaper
currency, purportedly designated as legal tender, was notdirectly or indirectly redeemable in silver
or gold coin orbullion.

SEPTEMBER 30, 1967: President Johnson
submits a record budget ofone
hundred and eighty six billion dollars.

JANUARY 29, 1971: President Nixon
announces that the deficit is
thirty eight billion seven hundred and eighty three milliondollars.

1972: President Nixon announces the
federal government will share
thirty billion dollars with State and local governments.

1974: President Nixon announces a fiscal
budget of three hundredand four
billion four hundred million dollars.

FEBRUARY 3, 1975: President Ford
announces a deficit of fifty one
billion five hundred million dollars.

Today the American economy operates under a monetary system which is
completely outside the Constitution. Its fiat money is continually manipulated
both in value and in quantity. [THE MAKING OF AMERICA 1985]

The definition of fiat money is: "money composed of otherwise essentially
valueless things that neither have a commercial use nor constitute a claim
against anyone, but do have a special legal qualification. The money is not
the material bearing the stamp as authority but the stamp alone."

What does Canada have in common with the US ? All our gold is gone too. In
1980 we had 21m oz in reserve. We now hold 0.2m oz but we have 16bln in US
reserve currency. Thanks guys! Where is all this going to take us ?
Stupid fat people, doped up on medication, Hawked to the eye balls with credit
card debt & second mortgages, whiling away their time in their GOVERNMENT
issued job, secure in their wealth & status on the way home powered on by
their SUV that produces nothing, great use of capital. Am I missing something
or our we pretty well screwed, blued, tattooed like live stock.
Joel
Ottawa, Canada.

PR Newswire: PRESS RELEASE 07/07/06

The Federal Reserve: It is Not federal, Does Not Have
Any Reserves

The federal reserve is the enemy of America. "Whoever controls the volume
of money in any country is absolute master of all industry and
commerce."(Paul Warburg, drafter of the Federal Reserve Act).

(PRWEB) July 8, 2006 -- It was Col. House who hand-picked the first
Federal Reserve Board in 1912. He named Benjamin Strong as its first
Chairman. In 1914, Paul M. Warburg quit his $500,000 a year job at Kuhn,
Loeb and Co. to be on the Board, later resigning in 1918 during World War I
because of his German connections.

The Banking Act of 1935 amended the Federal Reserve Act, changing its name
to the Federal Reserve System, and reorganizing it in respect to the number
of directors and length of term. Headed by a seven member Board of Governors
appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate for a 14 year term,
the Board acts as an overseer to the nation's money supply and banking
system.

The Board of Governors, the President of the Federal Reserve Bank of New
York, and four other Reserve Bank Presidents who serve on a rotating basis
make up the "Federal Open Market Committee". This group decides whether or
not to buy and sell government securities on the open market. The Government
buys and sells government securities, mostly through 21 Wall Street bond
dealers, to create reserves to make the money needed to run the government.
The Committee also determines the supply of money available to the nation's
banks and consumers.

There are twelve Federal Reserve Banks in twelve districts: Boston (MA),
Cleveland (OH), New York (NY), Philadelphia (PA), Richmond (VA), Atlanta
(GA), Chicago (IL), St. Louis (MO), Minneapolis (MN), Kansas City (KS), San
Francisco (CA), and Dallas (TX). The twelve regional banks were set up so
that the people wouldn't think that the Federal Reserve was controlled from
New York. Each of the Banks has nine men on [its] Board of Directors; six
are elected by member Banks, and three are appointed by the Board of
Governors.

They have 25 branch Banks, and many member Banks. All Federal Banks are
members and four out of every ten commercial banks are members. In whole,
the Federal Reserve System controls about 70% of the country's bank
deposits. Ohio Senator, Warren G. Harding, who was elected to the Presidency
in 1920, said in a 1921 Congressional inquiry that the Reserve was a private
banking monopoly. He said: "The Federal Reserve Bank is an institution owned
by the stockholding member banks. The Government has not a dollar's worth of
stock in it." His term was cut short in 1923 when he mysteriously died,
leading to rumors that he was poisoned. This claim was never substantiated
because his wife would not allow an autopsy.

Three years after the initiation of the Federal Reserve, Woodrow Wilson
said: "The growth of the nation ... and all our activities are in the hands
of a few men ... We have come to be one of the worst ruled; one of the most
completely controlled and dominated governments in the civilized world ...
no longer a government of free opinion, no longer a government by conviction
and the free vote of the majority, but a government by the opinion and
duress of a small group of dominant men."

In 1919, John Maynard Keynes, later an advisor to Franklin D. Roosevelt,
wrote in his book The Economic Consequences of Peace: "Lenin is to have
declared that the best way to destroy the capitalist system was to debauch
the currency ... By a continuing process of inflation, governments can
confiscate secretly and unobserved, an important part of the wealth of their
citizens ... As the inflation proceeds and the real value of the currency
fluctuates wildly from month to month, all permanent relations between
debtors and creditors, which form the ultimate foundation of capitalism,
become so utterly disordered as to be almost meaningless..."

Congressman Charles August Lindbergh, Sr., father of the historic aviator,
said on the floor of the Congress: "This Act establishes the most gigantic
trust on Earth ... When the President signs this Act, the invisible
government by the Money Power, proven to exist by the Money Trust
investigation, will be legalized ... This is the Aldrich Bill in disguise
... The new law will create inflation whenever the Trusts want inflation ...
From now on, depressions will be scientifically created ... The worst
legislative crime of the ages is perpetrated by this banking and currency
bill."

On June 10, 1932, Louis T. McFadden, said in an address to the Congress: "We
have in this country one of the most corrupt institutions the world has ever
known. I refer to the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Banks
... Some people think the Federal Reserve Banks are United States Government
institutions. They are not Government institutions. They are private credit
monopolies which prey upon the people of the United States for the benefit
of themselves and their foreign customers ... The Federal Reserve Banks are
the agents of the foreign central banks ... In that dark crew of financial
pirates, there are those who would cut a man's throat to get a dollar out of
his pocket ...

Every effort has been made by the Federal Reserve Board to conceal its
powers, but the truth is the Fed has usurped the government. It controls
everything here (in Congress) and controls all our foreign relations. It
makes and breaks governments at will ... When the Fed was passed, the people
of the United States did not perceive that a world system was being set up
here ... A super-state controlled by international bankers, and
international industrialists acting together to enslave the world for their
own pleasure!"

While millions of Americans look with awe to the Federal Reserve to protect
the nation's financial well being, millions more mistrust the Fed, seeing it
as an unaccountable, private banking cartel siphoning off citizens' wealth
and manipulating America's economy for the benefit of a hidden elite.

Where does the truth lie? That's the question that's asked – and answered
in-depth – in the July issue of WorldNetDaily's acclaimed monthly
Whistleblower magazine.

Titled
"THE
FEDERAL RESERVE: FRAUD OF THE CENTURY," Whistleblower
documents authoritatively and with uncommon clarity how the
"Federal Reserve" – which is neither part of the federal
government, nor does it rely on monetary reserves – is an
unconstitutional, unelected cartel that literally creates the
devastating problems it was supposed to prevent.

Today, the entire Western financial world holds its breath
every time the Fed chairman speaks, so influential are the
central bank's decisions on markets, interest rates and the
economy in general. Yet the Fed, supposedly created to smooth
out business cycles and prevent disruptive economic downswings
like the Great Depression, has actually done the opposite.

"From the Great Depression, to the stagflation of the seventies,
to the burst of the dotcom bubble" in 2001, charges U.S. Rep.
Ron Paul, "every economic downturn suffered by the country over
the last 80 years can be traced to Federal Reserve policy."

While many Fed defenders claim it worked valiantly to prevent
or minimize the ravages of the Great Depression, in reality the
Fed caused the Depression and greatly increased the
severity of its effects.

In fact, as July's Whistleblower documents, the Fed's new
chairman, Ben Bernanke, admits that the Federal Reserve
was responsible for the Great Depression. "We did it," Bernanke
said, adding, "We're very sorry."

But the Fed's sins go way beyond the Great Depression. "Since
the creation of the Federal Reserve, middle and working-class
Americans have been victimized by a boom-and-bust monetary
policy," said Paul, the congressman best known for his steadfast
commitment to the U.S. Constitution.

"In addition," said the Texas Republican, "most Americans
have suffered a steadily eroding purchasing power because of the
Federal Reserve's inflationary policies. This represents a real,
if hidden, tax imposed on the American people."

And that's just the beginning. In this special Whistleblower
issue , the crucial subject of economics and money – often
deliberately made overly complicated and confusing – is laid
out in the clearest way possible.

Whistleblower takes readers on a stunning time-travel journey
back to 1913, to a train on its way to Jekyll Island, just off
the coast of southern Georgia, where America's wealthiest and
most influential bankers got together in secret and hatched
their plan for creating the private banking cartel that would
control the American economy. It would deceptively be named the
Federal Reserve to create the impression it is part of the
federal government.

Without resorting to financial jargon or doubletalk,
Whistleblower explains in plain, commonsense language exactly
how the Fed works and how Americans' formerly gold-backed
currency has been corrupted and much of their buying power lost,
thanks to the Fed, and how this continues into the present.

Although today the governors of the Federal Reserve are
literally the gods of the nation's money supply and financial
policy, in previous eras of American history, leaders warned
specifically against an unaccountable, unelected central bank:

"I sincerely believe ... that banking establishments
are more dangerous than standing armies, and that the
principle of spending money to be paid by posterity under
the name of funding is but swindling futurity on a large
scale." – Thomas Jefferson

"Of all the contrivances for cheating the laboring
classes of mankind, none has been more effective than that
which deludes them with paper money." – Daniel Webster

"Whoever controls the volume of money in any country
is absolute master of all industry and commerce." –
James A. Garfield

"All the perplexities, confusion and distresses in
America arise not from defects in the constitution or
confederation, nor from want of honor or virtue, as much
from downright ignorance of the nature of coin, credit, and
circulation." – John Adams

"For this issue of Whistleblower," said David Kupelian,
managing editor of WND and Whistleblower, "we tried to remedy
John Adams' concern over Americans' 'ignorance of the nature of
coin, credit, and circulation.' So we worked very hard to come
up with the most credible, most understandable, yet
comprehensive analysis of the Fed possible."

Kupelian added. "This issue will go a long way toward giving
you the understanding you need – not only regarding this
nation's extraordinarily deceitful banking and money system, but
also, to help you make better financial and life decisions for
the sake of yourself and your family."
http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=50935

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