SOA Records or start of authority record specifies the DNS server was providing authoritative information about an Internet domain, the email of the domain administrator, the domain serial number, and several timers relating to refreshing the zone.

An SOA(State of Authority) Record is an essential part of a Zone file. The SOA record is a way for the Domain Administrator to give out simple information about the domain like, how often it is updated, when it was last updated when to check back for more info, what is the admins email address and so on. A Zone file can contain only one SOA Record.

A properly optimized and updated SOA record can reduce bandwidth between nameservers, increase the speed of website access and ensure the site is alive even when the primary DNS server is down.

Here is an example of the content of an SOA record:

ns1.dnsimple.com admin.dnsimple.com 2013022001 86400 7200 604800 300

The SOA record includes the following details:

The primary name server for the domain, which is ns1.dnsimple.com or the first name server in the vanity name server list for vanity name servers.

The responsible party for the domain, which is admin.dnsimple.com.

A timestamp that changes whenever you update your domain.

The number of seconds before the zone should be refreshed.

The number of seconds before a failed refresh should be retried.

The upper limit in seconds before a zone is considered no longer authoritative.

The negative result TTL (for example, how long a resolver should consider a negative result for a subdomain to be valid before retrying).

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