Similar Species The male orchard and Scott’s orioles are similar to a male Baltimore; however, they lack orange below and on the distal portion of the outer tail feathers. A female Scott’s, yellowish below with a characteristic greenish gray color on face and upperbreast, somewhat resembles typical female and immature Baltimores, which show a darker face contrasting with orange or yellow malar and throat and dusky spotting or blotching on upperparts. A dull Baltimore is very similar to a Bullock’s oriole. A female orchard oriole is yellow below and greenish above, slimmer, and smaller; an immature male has a crisp black bib.

Voice Call: a whistled hew-li and a dry chatter. Song: a series of musical, sweet whistles; quite variable.

Status and Distribution Common. Breeding: deciduous forest, forest-edge parkland, riparian forest. Migration: northbound along Gulf Coast, but many are trans-Gulf migrants. Arrive Gulf Coast by early April, and Canada by early May. Southbound late July–early August, peaking late August–early September in north, and mid-September–mid-October on Gulf Coast. Winter: from southern Mexico to northern South America in moist forest and shade coffee plantations. A small number in the United States south and Florida, largely in urban settings. Vagrant: rare in NF and Canada; casual to Pacific Northwest and western Europe.

Population Despite a small decline from the 1980s to the mid-1990s, the species is not of conservation concern.