Mobile small hydro-electric station of sleeve type with transverse jet turbine

SUBSTANCE: mobile small hydro-electric station of sleeve type with a transverse jet turbine includes a water-retaining shell fixed in the upper part due to back stays and guy lines of fitting to coastal anchor supports, and in the lower part by means of a unit of fixation to an apron fixed by bed anchors to the bottom of the watercourse. The water-retaining shell has cuts at the side of coastal abutments symmetrically relative to a flexible sleeve for provision of its protection against direct exposure of the flow as it overflows via a crest into a lower reach. A hydraulic unit is installed on a water-filled shell jointly with the flexible sleeve and has a flow rate controller and a servodrive, which provide for its most optimal operation.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to create a temporary hydroeconomic unit that solves local power supply, irrigation, water supply, fish farming, and also provides for confinement of forest fire spread, provides for the possibility of multiple usage of the proposed structure under emergency situations.

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The invention relates to hydraulic and hydroelectric construction and can be used in the construction wodoodporne structures, including in emergency situations, to create a small mobile power stations.

A device of the dam, including flexible shell made across the width of the watercourse along the upper edges connected by cable systems, and the lower edge is stationary.

A device downstream of the dam, including flexible open wodoodporne and closed water shell, downcast and the apron, the holes in the middle part of the shell (USSR Author's certificate No. 1708009, CL EV 7/20,1991).

The obstacles to obtaining the required technical result is the complexity in operation and no device turbines use the kinetic energy of the flow.

The reason, which is adequate to obtain the desired technical result
is the impossibility of its use with shallow stream.

Closest technical solution is a mild dam is attached from the side of the downstream pipeline. (B. I. Sergeev, M. Stepanov, Shumakov B.B. Soft design is a new type of hydraulic structures. - M.: Kolos, 1971).

The obstacles to obtaining the required technical result is the complexity of installation, no element for utilization of the energy flow, the cross-sectional shape of the pipeline that do not provide optimal conditions approach flow to the unit.

The proposed solution will allow you to create a temporary water management node with the decision of the local energy supply, irrigation, water supply, fish farming, and provide for containment of a wildfire.

The closest technical solution is a mobile hydropower facility sleeve-type on the basis of membrane suspension dam with an external nozzle with control valve, dismountable joints, flexible hose with a configuration that makes it possible to minimize the loss of energy of the flow to the hydraulic unit and supported in the project at the expense of the filled shell through the pipe with a valve attached to the outer nozzle (Patent RF 2413050. Mobile hydroenergetics the e construction of a sleeve-type,
CL EV 7/20, publ. 27.02.2011,).

The obstacles to obtaining the required technical result is the negative impact of flow on a flexible hose downstream structures in the flow over the crest wodoodporne shell, causing it to vibrate and reduce the time of trouble-free operation.

This technical result is achieved by creating a mobile micro hydro sleeve-type with cross-flow turbine, in which the distinguishing features are the presence of symmetric cut wodoodporne shell relative to the sleeve, thereby providing flow through wodoodporne shell only on the coastal areas of the junctions without affecting the flexible sleeve, also on top of the unit has a regulator unit, the unit is set to fill the shell, which allows to avoid the effects of water flow from the downstream of the unit.

Mobile micro hydro sleeve-type with cross-flow turbine shell 4, is fixed in the upper part due to the vast-2 guys and guys selection 3 to the shore anchor the supports 1, and in the lower part, by a node mount the Oia 14 to ponnuru 18,
strengthened by channel anchors 13 to the bottom of the watercourse, and to wodoodporne shell with cutouts 4 are attached the outer nozzle 5 with regulating valve 6 and pipe with valve 15, through which the filled shell 14 is filled with water, which provides design position flexible hose 7 and after its accession by means of detachable connections 6 to the outer nozzle with adjustable valve 5 and the hydraulic unit 9, the latter is attached to the guiding apparatus 8, and is mounted at the top of the servo motor 10 and the flow regulator 11 and is fixed on the apron 17 through channel anchors 13, and to prevent debris from entering the nozzles garbage provided trash the device 16.

This construction operates as follows. The structure is decomposed into a Bank, then wodoodporne shell with cutouts 4 with attached guys-guy 2, guy rebounds 3, downcast 18 and apron 17 is installed in the watercourse. When the flow of water downcast 18, fortified channel anchors 13 connected fastener Assembly with wodoodporne shell with cutouts 4, is pressed to the bottom of the watercourse due to the hydrostatic pressure created when the water level upstream, while downstream to the outer nozzle with adjustable valve 5 by means of rashemen the th connection 6 is attached a flexible hose 7 through line with the fill valve casing 14,
mounted on the apron 17 before mounting the flexible hose 7. After filling the filled shell 14 with water on the outside of nozzle with adjustable valve 5 is provided a supply of water to the flexible hose 7, attached to the guide unit 8 unit 9 after installation wodoodporne shell with openings 4, and due to the flow regulator and servo motor provides the most optimal mode of operation of the unit. Then through the guide apparatus flows into the hydraulic unit 9, where the utilization of energy flow at the outlet from which water is supplied to the apron 17 and wodoodporne shell 4 and the sleeve 7 protects from floating debris litter retaining device 16. When the flow over the crest of the shell is provided with cutouts 4 reset flow only from the coastal abutting himself flexible hose 7 is not experiencing impacts from iridescent layer of water.

If necessary, this structure can be transferred to another similar target and be used multiple times during an emergency.

Mobile micro hydro sleeve-type with cross-flow turbine with wodoodporne sheath, fixed in the upper part due to the guy-guys and guys selection to the shore anchor supports, and at the bottom by means of attachment to ponnuru, strengthened by ruslav the x anchors to the bottom of the watercourse,
characterized in that wodoodporne shell is cut from coastal joints symmetrically with respect to a flexible sleeve that provides protection from the direct effects of flow when the flow over the crest in the lower reach, and the fact that the unit is installed on vodonapornaja shell together with the flexible sleeve and has a flow regulator and servo, which provide optimal performance.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic accumulating power station comprises a pool located on earth surface, a water intake facility, a vertical discharge water duct, a communication shaft, an aeration shaft, an inclined shaft of power delivery, a station unit with hydraulic units, a lower pool with main chambers and an inclined transport tunnel. The lower pool additionally contains short tunnels, connecting galleries, discharge connecting water ducts and a distributing chamber. Main chambers of the lower pool are made in the form of helically arranged tunnels in plan. The station unit with hydraulic units is placed in the centre of spirals of the lower pool. Hydraulic units of the station unit by means of suction pipes and short tunnels are connected with the distributing chamber, which by means of discharge connecting water ducts arranged radially relative to it, is connected with the main chambers of the lower pool. The lower pool is tunnelled by a combined method consisting in tunnelling of the main inclined transport tunnel from the surface to underground facilities with the help of a tunnelling mechanised complex and arrangement of main chambers of the lower pool. At the same time in parallel to the main inclined tunnel an additional transport tunnel is arranged, and then the lower pool is arranged, which is a continuation of transport tunnels. The lower pool is arranged in two stages: at the first stage a pilot mine is tunnelled with an open tunnelling mechanised complex, and at the second stage, using blast-hole drilling, it is finalised to design contour. Simultaneously with tunnelling of the main chambers of the lower pool they arrange a station unit with hydraulic units, which is located in the centre of spirals of the lower pool.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to solve a problem of placement of high-discharge hydraulic accumulating power plants in plain territories, by arrangement of a lower pool and a discharge station unit under earth at depths from 300 m to 2000 m, and to optimise works performance and to mechanise tunnelling of underground mines to the maximum, through joint usage of open production tunnelling mechanised complexes and up-to-date equipment complex for performance of blast-hole drilling.

SUBSTANCE: hydroelectric plant includes a housing made in the form of a vertical cylindrical chamber and a cylinder installed inside it at some distance, which form a composite channel, a compressor station interconnected via an air pipeline to a receiving chamber, a hydrojet turbine with the main generator, which is installed at the outlet of the turbine pipeline located in upper part of the receiving chamber, working fluid storage and level sensors. The plant is equipped with Pelton-type turbines with generators, the first and the second elevated tanks, additional level sensors, one of which is located in the first elevated tank, and the second one is located in the second elevated tank, and an air tank interconnected via an additional air pipeline with a check valve to the first elevated tank. Elevated tanks are installed inside upper part of the cylinder. The first elevated tank has the shape of a funnel, which is connected in the middle to the turbine pipeline. The second elevated tank is put on the first elevated tank and equipped with pressure hoses located in the first tank so that their outlets are located above the funnel opening of the first elevated tank. Pelton-type turbines are installed opposite nozzles of the hydrojet turbine along the perimeter of the receiving chamber. The receiving channel connects the receiving chamber to the second elevated tank. The storage is located in upper part of the housing. On pressure hoses and at the inlet of the turbine pipeline there installed are valves, and on some shafts with turbines there installed are flywheels.

EFFECT: lower consumption of power required for water return to water storage reservoir.

SUBSTANCE: hydroelectric power plant includes a channel connected to a water reservoir initiating a dynamic flow and orthogonal turbines located inside the channel. The channel represents a pipe consisting of connecting links and provided with the turbines equally spaced throughout the pipe length. Turbines are made in the form of tubular modules with a drive shaft outlet and have the possibility of installing the modules between the connecting links of the pipe. In addition, annular elements of aerodynamic profile are fixed in modules.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of a hydroelectric power plant, lower structural complexity and metal consumption of the device, improved manufacturability, installation and operation and uniform distribution of loads between turbines.

SUBSTANCE: hydroelectric power plant includes water intake located outside bed of river, main capacity, pressure waterway and waterway of turbines. Along the whole bed of river there arranged is n regulating water reservoirs for water collection, each of which is equipped with a filling channel connected to the river bed and made in upper place as to level and dam with the height of up to upper level, which is made in lower place as to level. Discharge pipeline interconnected with river bed and equipped with a gate valve is installed at lower point of each regulating water reservoir. The main capacity is made in the form of the main water reservoir located below regulating water reservoirs in the section with high level difference and equipped with filling channel connected to the river bed, and dam with height of up to upper level, which are made in upper and lower places respectively as to water level. Pressure waterway is installed downstream as to level of the main water reservoir and made in the form of pressure pipelines with length of not less than 12-15 km depending on river water level difference in order to obtain the required head, which leave the main water reservoir. Pressure pipelines consist of winter pressure pipeline for minimum water flow rate and n summer pressure pipelines for maximum water flow rate. Pressure pipelines are connected to turbine waterway. Hydroelectric power plant also includes compensation water body located at the head level of turbine waterway, which is connected to waterway of turbines and equipped with pump group.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to hydroelectric power plants. Hydroelectric power plant includes runner 2 fully submerged into water and installed so that it can be rotated, housing with half-round groove, which encloses runner 2 on one side. The other side of runner 2 is located in water stream. Runner 2 is provided with horizontal rotation axis. Housing is arranged at the river bottom and hinged on the ends of arms the other ends of which are hinged to the piles mounted into the river bottom. External surface of the housing is concentric to the groove, equipped with radially located soil washing-out nozzles, as well as cutters. Hydroelectric power plant is provided with a drive to perform backward swinging movement of the housing relative to the arms.

EFFECT: simplifying the manufacturing technology and reducing the cost of hydroelectric power plant.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic power unit comprises a water intake, a discharge water conduit, a turbine and a drive of its generators. The hydraulic power unit water intake is made in the form of an artificial reservoir, which is built near a river. A water intake part of the discharge water conduit is connected to the artificial reservoir, and its upper edge is arranged at the level of or below the deepest natural point of the river bottom in a site of the artificial reservoir. The artificial reservoir is connected to the river by a canal or a water conduit, the bottom of which is made in the same manner at the level of or below the deepest natural point of the river bottom.

EFFECT: invention excludes impact of hydraulic power units and their construction at ecology of rivers and streams, where they are built.

SUBSTANCE: hydroelectric power station at water flow in cut-off basin with natural or artificial water head contains eddies in cylindrical basin and central neck of discharge outlet. With forced water flow along horizontal plane cylindrical basin 1 contains along the axis accelerator 2 with blasting chamber 3 on the one side and spreader 6 on the other side. Spread flow is directed between two side oval abutments 4 at turbine blade 5 with horizontal axis of rotation, which is installed at edge of spreader 6. Rotation of turbine 5 is transferred to gearbox 7 and generator 8. Gearbox 7 and generator 8 are located outside basin 1. Spreader 6 spreads flow into two sleeves and directs them to two lateral sides of basin 1. Then flow turns around oval abutments 4 and then directed to jet of accelerator 2.

EFFECT: device allows creation of completely independent power generation plant that does not require dam or derivational water heads and location in direct vicinity to rivers; it allows use of pressure derivation of natural water flow.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic power plant includes a water reservoir, for instance, a river, a water intake, by means of which it is communicated in its upper course with the upper end of a supplying tunnel discharge water conduit, the lower part of which is connected with a hydraulic unit, the outlet of which is communicated with a discharge water conduit, or with a discharge tunnel water conduit, the lower end of which - with the drainage zone, for instance, with the river in its lower course. The hydraulic unit comprises a hydraulic machine, for instance, a hydraulic turbine, installed in the water conduit and kinematically connected with an electric generator. The outlet of the electric generator is connected with an electric converter, to which an electric load is connected. The supplying tunnel discharge water conduit is a directionally drilled well, and the discharge water conduit is either a directionally drilled well, or a canal.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to expand the conditions of the hydraulic power plant application up to practically everywhere in mountain environment and to obtain all advantages of renewable energy sources during its operation.

SUBSTANCE: building design includes the lower part of the building in the form of wells with circular contour, arranged along the longitudinal axis of the building and connected to the massif of the upper part of the building. The second and subsequent wells of circular contour are made with incomplete contour and are connected with their ends to a previous well above and below the longitudinal axis of the building at the distance from the longitudinal axis. The method is carried out by means of making circular contour wells from the pit surface by the method of slurry wall, soil extraction from the well cavities and concreting structural elements in their cavity. The first well is made, then the second and subsequent wells with incomplete contour, connecting them with the ends of the first (previous) well. The soil is extracted from the cavity of the first and subsequent wells, and structures are concreted in the cavity of the first well and subsequent wells. After the lower part of the building is completed in the form of wells connected to each other and with concreting of structures in their cavity, the upper part of the building is concreted to make a single structure of the building.

EFFECT: improved stress-deformed condition of the building and reduced filtration in the building foundation by development of a solid anti-filtration curtain.

SUBSTANCE: mobile hydropower structure of filled type includes a hydraulic unit, a water-retaining shell, a filled base, a downstream apron, fixed to the bed with the help of bed anchors. Inside the water-retaining shell there is a flexible confusor with varied shape. Inlet part of the confusor is equipped with a protective device, and the output one is connected to the hydraulic unit.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to create a temporary hydroeconomic unit with solution of local power supply, irrigation, water supply, fish farming, and provide for confinement of forest fires propagation.

SUBSTANCE: dam comprises contacting flexible cylindrical closed shells, every of which is equipped with two elastic ribs arranged along forming shells. With adjacent internal ribs the shells are combined into "eights". To one of external ribs of the "eight" there is a non-closed flexible shell fixed with its longitudinal edge, and flexible links are connected to another external rib. At the same time "eights" are formed into rows, which are arranged above each other to form a truncated pyramid, on the comb of which there are at least two shells, and in each subsequent lower row there is one shell more than the number of the upper row shells. All rows of "eights" are combined to each other by reinforcement belts in the form of flexible links fixed on all external ribs of closed shells making the pyramid. The non-closed flexible shell serves as an antiglare screen and is made of a fabric cloth arranged on a part of a pyramid protruding above the water surface level. The non-closed flexible shell is rigidly fixed with the second longitudinal edge to the external rib of one of underwater rows of "eights" at the side surface of the pyramid opposite to location of fixation of the first longitudinal edge. All closed shells and shell-to-shell space between them are filled with a hydraulic sand mixture.

EFFECT: higher reliability and improved operational characteristics of a structure.

SUBSTANCE: foundation of a retaining-regulating structure includes multiple filled shells placed onto the bottom of the course bed, connected with elastic flexible links. Elastic flexible links arranged along the length of shells have free ends inside shells, giving additional stability and elasticity. In the upper part of multi-layer shells there are mounting loops from a metal-polymer cable, stretched inside along the shells, welded in the upper part and acting as stiffening ribs. Multi-layer shells are also filled via slots for adding the filler (for instance, sand), which are welded in place of assembly. Extreme end multi-layer shells adjoining coastal slopes are arranged with larger diameter to preserve the stable position.

EFFECT: using the invention will make it possible to increase operational reliability of a structure.

SUBSTANCE: structure comprises a water-retaining shell with water outlet lower and upper windows, fixed to the upper part to coastal anchor supports by a guy cable system. The shell is made of composite materials with shape memory and is fixed in the lower part on the flood bed. The flood bed is made of soil-filled shells connected to each other by means of flexible joints with memory to preserve design position of the structure and changing their parameters at the same time. Channel anchors are made of soil-filled or other multi-shell elements that ensure stability of the water-retaining shell and the flood-bed. Shells that prevent floatation and vibration of the structure arranged along its perimetre at different height and length are fixed to the guy cable system. On a soil-filled downstream apron there is a baffle plate installed of filled or membrane type. The structure is erected in a manner that includes laying shells into the prepared channel, which are connected by flexible joints, along the channel perimetre, laying a channel anchor of multishell elements, to which elements of the soil-filled downstream apron are fixed with the baffle plate from soil-filled or membrane shells, with filling of shells with pulp, fixation of a water-retaining cloth by flexible joints to the channel anchor, strengthening the upper part of the water-retaining cloth with the guy cable system to coastal anchor supports. Shells that prevent floatation and vibration are fixed to the guy cable system. Shell filling with pulp is carried out by means of its connection at one end to a pipeline sleeve that supplies a water-soil mixture, and at the other end - with a nozzle connected to a pipeline that discharges clarified water. The pulp is compacted due to its supply into a shell and discharge of water from it at the other side of the shell or via its filtering parts. Filling is carried out until the rated pressure is achieved in the shell.

SUBSTANCE: long-length device comprises at least one pipe containing a water-permeable tubular inner shell made of geotextile and designed to retain a filler material. Additionally the device comprises an outer shell that forms a net and covers the specified inner shell. The net is made of steel. The pipe is connected by means of fixtures with additional design, which comprises elements of local protection arranged along the specified pipe. The device is used to erect a dam, a quay, a pier, a breakwater, a dock, an artificial reef or a coastal fortification.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to ensure high reliability of protective structures and reduced labour inputs.

SUBSTANCE: method of ice crust formation includes development of a dam across a river and arrangement of ice holes above the dam along the river flow. The dam is made in a narrow area of the river with erosion-resistant shores by means of stakes driving-in across the river channel. In winter an ice hole is arranged, and straw, ice pieces, stones wrapped into polyethylene film are laid under ice to create a dam. Arriving water floods shores and forms ice crust.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to reduce material intensity and to simplify process of structure erection.

SUBSTANCE: mobile hydropower structure of filled type includes a hydraulic unit, a water-retaining shell, a filled base, a downstream apron, fixed to the bed with the help of bed anchors. Inside the water-retaining shell there is a flexible confusor with varied shape. Inlet part of the confusor is equipped with a protective device, and the output one is connected to the hydraulic unit.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to create a temporary hydroeconomic unit with solution of local power supply, irrigation, water supply, fish farming, and provide for confinement of forest fires propagation.

SUBSTANCE: mobile hydropower structure of sleeve type consists of water-retaining shell fixed in upper part with guy braces and guy cables of framing rope to coastal anchor supports, and in lower part - by means of unit of fixation to fore apron fixed by bed anchors to bottom of water flow. External nozzle with control gate valve and pipeline with valve are fixed to water-retaining shell, and the pipeline with valve is used to fill shell arranged in lower reach at the bottom of water flow with water and provides for design position of sleeve. Sleeve is connected by means of detachable joint to external nozzle with controlled gate valve and guide vane of hydraulic set. Besides, sleeve has shape providing for minimum losses of energy of flow as it reaches hydraulic set fixed by bed anchors and having downstream apron, protecting lower reach against washing. To prevent ingress of floating garbage into nozzle and protection of water-retaining shell, there is a garbage-retention device provided, fixed to bed anchors and guy cable of framing rope in upper reach.

EFFECT: invention allows to construct a temporary water utilisation system for local power supply, irrigation, water supply, fish farming, and provides for confinement of forest fires spreading.

SUBSTANCE: mobile dam of parachute type consists of soft cloth, flexible connection and anchors. Cloth of the dam maintained in operation position by means of flexible connection is made at least in form of one canopy equipped with at least one pressure and/or drain aperture. The pressure aperture is equipped with water duct sleeve designed for connection with an inlet aperture of the case of an installation for generating electric or mechanic power.

SUBSTANCE: causeway comprises an elastic water-filled container that is punched for water filling and air discharge, and a flood bed. The elastic water-filled container has the shape of a trihedral prism. Two identical sides thereof are interconnected at a straight angle, and connected to a third side lying in the same plane with the flood bed while being a component thereof. The container comprises cylinders welded in for passing water and fish and made of the same material, as the water-filled container is, at the pitch 5-10°. A face of the water-filled container from a tail race is equipped with bearing grating beam attached to shore piers.

FIELD: hydraulic structures, particularly to provide banking and regulation of water, mud-and-stone and other flows, for accident elimination, namely in the case of varnish-and-paint or oil product effluent.

SUBSTANCE: backwater structure comprises webs of variable widths arranged through watercourse width, secured to watercourse floor and connected to rope system by upper edges thereof. Webs are made of separate strips having different lengths and connected by flexible tie members. Strips form water outlet windows located in upper and bottom structure parts. Area of water outlet windows located in bottom structure parts is 0.7 of that of water outlet windows formed in upper structure part. Structure is provided with impact baffle having height of 0.2-0.5 H, where H is structure height. Impact baffle is spaced a distance not less than H from webs. Impact baffles may be arranged in cascade manner and have decreasing heights. Structure may have filtering collecting webs connected to rope system, apron, collecting reservoir and removal means connected by flexible tie members with collecting reservoir. Upper filtering collecting web part is not less than 11 heights of water level in upper pool and is not more than removal means height.

EFFECT: possibility to obtain design water flow level and provision of water level regulation in pools, improved ability to collect pollutants, possibility to use structure in emergency conditions, namely during forest fire extinguishing.