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The Obama administration, facing considerable domestic criticism of the deal, has sought to downplay the economic benefits for Tehran.

The room at the Iranian Chamber of Commerce offices was packed and noisy. At the lectern, Deputy Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi encouraged dozens of merchants and manufacturers to "seize the opportunity" that could result from an easing of international sanctions.

Businessmen who for years have been largely excluded from the global marketplace debated over ways to reach out to prospective investors."Why not send a delegation of businessmen to the U.S. Congress?" proposed Mahmoud Daneshmand, a veteran import-export man.

The deputy foreign minister, grasping the impracticality of that suggestion, responded in diplomat-speak: "Well, for the time being, the conditions are not right."

Daneshmand is one of many Iranian entrepreneurs hoping that a political shift could yield a bonanza in commerce. Part of a once-flourishing mercantile class, he and his peers tend to avoid politics. But they've seen bottom lines plummet and businesses go bust as a result of sanctions linked to Iran's nuclear program.

With the election last year of President Hassan Rouhani, a moderate keen to lure foreign capital, things are looking up for people like Daneshmand. "The horizon is becoming brighter and brighter," Daneshmand, 67, said in an interview at his office in downtown Tehran, around the corner from the chamber offices.

Nuclear talks resume next week in Vienna between Iran and six other countries: the United States, Russia, China, Britain, France and Germany. Negotiators hope to cement a permanent deal that builds on an interim accord hammered out in November in Geneva. Iran agreed to temporary nuclear constraints in exchange for limited sanctions relief.

The Obama administration, facing considerable domestic criticism of the deal, has sought to downplay the economic benefits for Tehran.

"We have made it crystal clear that Iran is not open for business," Secretary of State John F. Kerry told a Senate panel this week in Washington. "They are accepting that. They are not cutting deals."

There is no doubt that the sanctions have pummeled the Iranian economy. Prices have soared; employment is stagnant; and the national currency, the rial, has plunged in value by more than 50% in the last year.

"People are losing their purchasing power," said Mohammad Kurdestani, 60, owner of a carpet shop in Tehran's grand bazaar. Like other merchants in the bazaar, he said sales were slow.

"I have a warehouse full of carpets, and then this shop," Kurdestani said. "I have no option but to sell my carpets in my own lifetime, or end my business if I outlive my merchandise. Every year our business has been deteriorating."

Daneshmand has exported petrochemical products and imported foodstuffs from Europe, Brazil and Argentina. But for two years, he said, his activities have been practically at a standstill because of sanctions.

Curbs on Iran's access to the global banking system have paralyzed international commerce and proved especially damaging, he said.