Chapter 1.2 Using Segments and Congruence What are postulates, axioms, and theorems? Define the Ruler Postulate. Using the figure below, what is meant.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 1.2 Using Segments and Congruence What are postulates, axioms, and theorems? Define the Ruler Postulate. Using the figure below, what is meant."— Presentation transcript:

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Chapter 1.2 Using Segments and Congruence What are postulates, axioms, and theorems? Define the Ruler Postulate. Using the figure below, what is meant by coordinates, points, and distance? Using the figure to the right, What is the Segment Addition Postulate?

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EXAMPLE 1 Apply the Segment Addition Postulate Measure the length of ST to the nearest tenth of a centimeter. SOLUTION Align one mark of a metric ruler with S. Then estimate the coordinate of T. For example, if you align S with 2, T appears to align with 5.4. Use Ruler Postulate. ST = 5.4 – 2 = 3.4 The length of ST is about 3.4 centimeters.ANSWER

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EXAMPLE 2 Apply the the Segment Addition Postulate SOLUTION Maps The cities shown on the map lie approximately in a straight line. Use the given distances to find the distance from Lubbock, Texas, to St. Louis, Missouri. Because Tulsa, Oklahoma, lies between Lubbock and St. Louis, you can apply the Segment Addition Postulate. LS = LT + TS = = 740 The distance from Lubbock to St. Louis is about 740 miles. ANSWER

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GUIDED PRACTICE for Examples 1 and 2 Use a ruler to measure the length of the segment to the nearest inch MN 1 in 5 8 ANSWER Use ruler postulate PQ 1 in 3 8 ANSWER

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GUIDED PRACTICE for Examples 1 and 2 In the diagram, WY = 30. Can you use the Segment Addition Postulate to find the distance between points W and Z ? 4. NO; Because w is not between x and z. ANSWER

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EXAMPLE 3 Find a length Use the diagram to find GH. Use the Segment Addition Postulate to write an equation. Then solve the equation to find GH. SOLUTION Segment Addition Postulate. Substitute 36 for FH and 21 for FG. Subtract 21 from each side GH = 36 FG + GH=FH = 15GH

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EXAMPLE 4 Compare segments for congruence To find the length of a vertical segment, find the absolute value of the difference of the y -coordinates of the endpoints. Use Ruler Postulate. LM = – 2 – 3 = 5 JK and LM have the same length. So, JK LM. = ~ ANSWER

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GUIDED PRACTICE for Examples 3 and 4 Use the segment addition postulate to write an equation. Then solve the equation to find WX Use the diagram at the right to find WX. 5. vx = vw + wx 144= 37 + wx 107 = wx Segment addition postulate Subtract 37 from each side SOLUTION ANSWER WX = 107 Substitute 37 for vw and 144 for vx

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GUIDED PRACTICE for Examples 3 and 4 6. Plot the points A(– 2, 4), B(3, 4), C(0, 2), and D(0, – 2) in a coordinate plane. Then determine whether AB and CD are congruent. Length of AB is not equal to the length of CD, so they are not congruent ANSWER