Combining the underlying theory and practical cases, this book conducts a systematic analysis of the issues involved in high-resolution seismic exploration and addresses a series of topics from field data acquisition through data processing to interpretation. It is a complete review of modern seismic exploration technology. It provides innovative views on many fundamental concepts and questions, such as the concepts of “perspective resolution” and “perspective signal to noise ratio,” the empirical relationship between compressional velocity (Vp) and absorption coefficient (Q), the construction of basin absorption models, understanding of the essence of sand layer tracking, how to improve the dynamic and static corrections of near-surface effects as well as deconvolution; and how to achieve the maximum effective bandwidth of seismic data. For the topic of regressive seismic impedance inversion, this book provides analyses on five main problems and provides corresponding solution strategies. With respect to several seismic inversion methods, the author provides an objective review, noting the necessity of the nonuniqueness of the solutions, the differences between “true resolution,” “perspective resolution,” and “false resolution.” The last part of the book provides the principles and sample flowcharts for high-resolution seismic data processing, which are important references for workers in seismic data processing.