"Google has released a research paper that suggests C++ is the best-performing programming language in the market. The internet giant implemented a compact algorithm in four languages - C++, Java, Scala and its own programming language Go - and then benchmarked results to find 'factors of difference'."

Another issue with the the Java portion is they don't state whether they ran the JVM in client mode or server mode.

They used server mode, as should be obvious from the first paragraph of section V:
"The benchmark consists of a driver ... and performs loop recognition on it for 15.000 times. The purpose is to force Java/Scala compilation, so that
the benchmark itself can be measured on compiled code."

The client-mode VM compiles the code right away and then leaves it at that. It's the server mode that needs a few thousand executions to recompile and optimize critical parts.

Also, it's a rather theoretical benchmark that says next to nothing about real world performance.

While the benchmark is rather theoretical, the issues discovered are real and DO affect real world performance. Everybody uses collections, recursions, etc. Also, I would definitely consider mathematical computations part of the "real world".