protein C

(redirected from Protein C (activated))

pro·tein C

a vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein that inhibits coagulation by enzymatic cleavage of the activated forms of factors V and VIII, and thus interferes with the regulation of intravascular clot formation; a deficiency of protein C leads to impaired regulation of blood coagulation. There is an autosomal dominant deficiency [MIM*176860] that, like antithrombin III deficiency and plasminogen deficiency, is associated with an increased risk of severe or premature thrombosis.

protein C

PROC

A gene on chromosome 2q13-q14 that encodes a vitamin K-dependent plasma glycoprotein, which is cleaved to its activated form by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. Once activated, it degrades activated coagulation factors V and VIII.

pro·tein C

Vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein that inhibits coagulation by enzymatic cleavage of the activated forms of factors V and VIII, and thus interferes with the regulation of intravascular clot formation.

protein C

A plasma protein that inhibits clotting.

protein

any large organic compound made from one or more polypeptides, which are chains of amino acids joined in a genetically determined order by peptide linkages between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of the next. They contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen and usually sulfur, occasionally phosphorus.

Proteins form a large and essential part of the body mass, comprising especially cell membranes, connective tissue, muscles, enzymes, hormones, blood proteins. To maintain this mass the diet must contain a high proportion of protein, especially in growing animals and those recovering from debilitating diseases.

protein A

a surface protein of Staphylococus aureus which binds to the Fc region of some IgG molecules. Fluorochrome-labeled protein A is used in an indirect immunofluorescence test for detecting bound immunoglobulins.

authentic protein

a recombinant protein with all its naturally occurring properties.

available protein

the portion of dietary protein that can be used by the animal.

protein binding

a property of many drugs which limits their distribution and availability in the blood, as well as affecting elimination from the body.

those in which the protein molecule is united with nonprotein molecules or prosthetic groups, e.g. glycoproteins, lipoproteins and metalloproteins.

protein-creatinine ratio

in urine is valuable in correcting for variation in urine contents due to variable dilutions.

crude protein

the total nitrogen content of a feed multiplied by 6.25. Includes several obvious errors but is still a close approximation of the protein content.

dietary protein

is usually the most expensive part of the diet, except for animals at pasture, and the constituent most likely to be deficient. An excess of protein in the diet in ruminants can cause a sharp rise in alkalinity, due to the release of ammonia, of the ruminal contents causing ruminal atony and indigestion.

digestible protein

the crude protein ingested less the protein excreted in the feces. The estimation requires a digestibility trial involving animals.

protein equivalent

said of a feed. The total nitrogen content expressed as protein if it were all in that form. That is the percentage nitrogen in the feed multiplied by the average percentage of nitrogen in plant protein (6.25%).

protein excretion t

one that uses 51Cr-labeled protein which measures protein excretion in the feces in cases of protein-losing enteropathy.

characterized by shape, structure and low water solubility; they have a structural role. Examples are collagen, keratin and tropomyosin.

fusion protein

in recombinant DNA technology when a foreign gene is inserted into a plasmid vector to interrupt a gene, such as lacZ, the mRNA transcript of the recombinant plasmid contains the lacZ Shine-Dalgarno sequence and codons for the 3′ end of the lacZ gene protein followed by the codons of the foreign gene; the protein expressed is a fusion protein containing a few N-terminal lacZ amino acids and the contiguous foreign protein.

protein hydrolysates

pharmaceutical preparations used in the treatment of severe, acute protein loss. Available for use orally or parenterally. They are partly digested proteins and contain a mixture of polypeptides, amino acids and other breakdown products.

protein microarray

an ordered set of small samples of proteins immobilized on a microscope slide or other solid surface that is used to determine protein-protein interactions.

causes lack of muscle development, and slow growth rate and maturation. In adults there is a low milk production and poor weight gain. In severe states tissue and blood levels fall, hypoproteinemic edema may occur, and a degree of immunosuppression could be expected.

partial protein

one having a ratio of essential amino acids different from that of the average body protein.

peripheral protein

any protein located in the membrane but not essential to the reconstitution of that protein.

plasma p's

all the proteins present in the blood plasma, including the immunoglobulins. See plasma protein.

polyhedrin matrix protein

a protein that comprises the major component of occlusion bodies produced by nuclear polyhedrosis virus and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus; the strong polyhedrin promoter is utilized in the expression of recombinant proteins in baculovirus expression systems.

rec A protein

an enzyme that binds to DNA and plays an important role in genetic recombination.

protein S

a circulating vitamin K-dependent protein with anticoagulant effects.

serum protein

proteins in the blood serum, including immunoglobulins, albumin, complement, coagulation factors and enzymes.

in times of energy deficiency the animal body may raid protein stores for glucogenic amino acids, thus depleting body stores of proteins. Substances such as acetic acid which can fill the energy deficiency and avoid the protein loss are known as protein-sparing.

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