We describe the clinical and laboratory manifestations and pregnancy outcomes of 6 women who received a diagnosis of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis during pregnancy. Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis did not seem to present in a fulminant fashion, and all treated patients had excellent responses to rifampin or doxycycline therapy. Perinatal transmission was ...

BACKGROUND: An outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia septicaemia occurred in our neonatal unit over a 9-week period in 2001, affecting 23 babies and two died. A second outbreak lasting 8 days occurred a year later, affecting five babies. SETTING: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Kuala Terengganu Hospital. AIM: To review the patient ...

Alloimmunization to granulocyte-specific antigens can occur during pregnancy. Maternal IgG can cross the placenta and result in neonatal neutropenia. The clinical course of alloimmune neonatal neutropenia is usually self-limiting with only mild infection. However, in severe cases complicated with bacterial sepsis it is a potentially life-threatening disorder. The effect of ...

Hypoparathyroidism is one of the recognized causes of late-onset neonatal hypocalcemia. Maternal hypercalcemic hyperparathyroidism has been shown to suppress fetal parathyroid glands, causing transient neonatal hypoparathyroidism. We report two siblings (6 years apart) with transient hypoparathyroidism presented with hypocalcemic seizures during the first 2 weeks of life. Subsequent investigation revealed ...

Two duplex PCR assays were established for the detection of C. trachomatis (Ct), N. gonorrhoeae (GC), M. hominis (Mh), and U. urealyticum (Uu). These assays were used on clinical specimens obtained from women with Premature Rupture of Membrane or Post Partum Fever, from preterm infants, as well as from women ...

The report presents a fatal poisoning of a neonate occurring in the final stage of gestational life and evoked by his mother, who, while 9 months pregnant, took a toxic dose of clozapine aiming at committing suicide. She was also severely poisoned, but ultimately was saved. The woman had been ...

AIM: The aim of this study, which is part of the ongoing DIABFIN project, was to correlate HLA class II genotypes, classified for their effect on susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes (T1D), with various risk factors during pregnancy and the neonatal period. METHODS: Cord blood was collected from 4349 neonates; ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Neonates are subject to numerous factors that affect normal intestinal colonization. This study was to quantify bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the faeces of breast-fed neonates using quantitative real-time PCR assay, and to investigate the effects of different delivery on the development of bifidobacteria or lactobacilli. METHODS: The ...

Humans have lived in the Peruvian Andes for about 12,000 years providing adequate time for adaptation to high altitude to have occurred. The arrival of the Spanish conquistadors in the 16th century potentially altered this process through genetic admixture. Early records revealed a potential for reduced fertility and a high ...

Prenatal exposures to organophosphate pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls have been associated with abnormal neonatal behavior and/or primitive reflexes. In 1998-2002, the Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Center (New York City) investigated the effects of indoor pesticide use and exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls on pregnancy outcome and child neurodevelopment in an ...

The purpose of this study was to describe the fetal and newborn safety profile of prolonged indomethacin treatment during pregnancy. A retrospective cohort of 124 pregnant women treated with indomethacin was used to assess the outcomes of oligohydramnios, constriction of the ductus arteriosus, and composite neonatal morbidity. Eight patients (6.5%) ...

We describe two siblings with neonatal hypocalcemic seizures whose mother took topiramate during both pregnancies. Apart from hypocalcemia, the patients had no identifiable etiology for their seizures. Although biochemical data suggested that the hypocalcemia was caused by hypoparathyroidism, no disorders typically associated with this condition were identified in the patients. ...

High-frequency ventilation (HFV) uses small tidal volumes and extremely rapid ventilator rates. Despite the wealth of laboratory and clinical research on HFV, there are no established guidelines for prioritizing the use of HFV versus conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) in neonatal respiratory failure. Examination of the currently available randomized controlled trials ...

A malformed embryonic or neonate choristoderan reptile from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of northeastern China is described. The tiny skeleton exhibits two heads and two necks, with bifurcation at the level of the pectoral girdle. In a fossil, this is the first occurrence of the malformation known as axial ...

OBJECTIVE: We compared the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among 49 preterm neonates:; 15 who were treated during the first 2 weeks of life with D-penicillamine and 34 who were not. METHODS: During a 15-month period beginning 1 March, 2005, 15 preterm neonates <1000 g birth weight or < ...

The response to azinphos-methyl of different life-stages of the codling moth Cydia pomonella (L.) was studied. A similarity in response to azinphos-methyl (LC(50), LC(90)) was observed in neonate larvae obtained from the first and second generations of field populations. Mortality rates for neonate larvae of a field population cross-bred with ...

AIM: To examine the association between retention in methadone treatment during pregnancy and key neonatal outcomes. DESIGN: Client data from the New South Wales Pharmaceutical Drugs of Addiction System was linked to birth information from the NSW Midwives Data Collection and the NSW Inpatient Statistics Collection from 1992 to 2002. ...

A prospective study was conducted to determine risk factors for fungal colonization, drug susceptibility, and association with invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in a neonatal unit. On admission and weekly thereafter, surveillance fungal cultures were taken from mouth, rectum, and trachea of neonates with expected stays of > 1 week. Fungal ...

Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is associated with recurrent apneas in adults and premature infants. It has been proposed that reflexes arising from the carotid bodies contribute to the autonomic abnormalities associated with CIH. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent studies on the effects of CIH on adult ...

Women with myasthenia gravis (MG) have increased risk of pregnancy complications and an adverse pregnancy outcome. This study examined risk factors for such complications in order to improve the care for pregnant MG women. Through the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, 73 MG mothers with 135 births were identified. Their ...

BACKGROUND: Neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a rare but devastating disease. We have conducted pooled analyses of data from 3 cohorts to evaluate the effects of maternal HSV serostatus and HSV type on risk of neonatal HSV acquisition and severity. METHODS: Data from cohorts in Seattle, WA, and Stanford, ...

INTRODUCTION: The inflammatory response caused by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is clearly visible within the first 24 h of cannulation. The inflammatory process affects all areas of the lung, even areas previously spared by the primary disease. OBJECTIVE: To compare the change in the radiographic signs of inflammatory response to ...

We describe a male neonate with a duplication of 4(q31.3qter) due to unbalanced segregation of a maternal translocation (4;5)(31.3;p15.1). He has a high broad nasal bridge, large, low-set ears, epicanthal folds, long philtrum, retrognathia, high arched palate, wide-spaced nipples, bilateral single transverse palmar creases, bilateral clinodactyly of the fifth finger, ...

Different biological matrices are suitable for drug testing in newborns presenting with an acute withdrawal syndrome. The newborn of a mother reporting alprazolam use during pregnancy presented with respiratory distress and clinical features consistent with neonatal withdrawal syndrome or neonatal sepsis of vertical transmission. Alprazolam and its main metabolite (alpha-hydroxyalprazolam) ...

Neonatal Cerebrovenous sinus thrombosis(CVST) is extremely rare, however it is a devastating condition and one needs to be aware of this condition to diagnose it. The risk factors for CVST are still not properly understood. The largest registry for stroke and for neonatal CVST is from the Canadian registry which ...

Agenesis of the superior vena cava is a rare anomaly that is generally asymptomatic in the neonate. We report a male neonate with bilateral (total) agenesis of the superior vena cava with obstructed thoracic duct and subsequent congenital hydrothorax, anomalies that were detected by prenatal ultrasound at 25 weeks' gestation. ...

This study investigated the effect of bioabsorbable plates and titanium microscrews on the growth of the craniofacial skeleton of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in the neonatal period. All animals underwent surgery at seven weeks of age and were killed at twenty-four weeks. In the study group, LactoSorb plate and PROMM titanium ...

In the pig, temporospatially regulated proliferation of uterine luminal (LE) and glandular (GE) epithelium between birth (postnatal day=PND 0) and PND 15 is essential for success of endometrial development. Exposure of gilts to estrogen (E) or relaxin (RLX) during this period disrupts uterine development, and neonatal E exposure can compromise ...

Neutral endopeptidase (NEP) alloimmunization has recently been determined to cause severe forms of neonatal disease as a result of the transplacental passage of anti-NEP antibodies. However there is a wide spectrum of neonatal disease variability. We present the medical histories of a large family, specifically of two alloimmunized sisters in ...

OBJECTIVES: The incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), adjusted for known risk factors, varies across neonatal intensive care units (NICU)s. The effect of NICU characteristics on this variation is unknown. The objective was to assess IVH attributable risks at both patient and NICU levels. STUDY DESIGN: Subjects were <33 weeks' gestation, ...

PURPOSE: The histiocytoses are a group of disorders of the monophagocytic system having a variety of clinical and pathological findings. They occur less often during the perinatal period than later in life. Their biologic behavior, response to therapy, and histologic types are not the same. METHODS: The study consisted of ...

Recent pharmaceutical company and regulatory body circulars warning against the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in late pregnancy have left clinicians in somewhat of a quandary as to how to manage their more severely depressed patients in pregnancy. Conversely, up to 75% of depressed women ceasing their antidepressants ...

Authors should report on neonatal outcome after ART in a well-defined and uniform way, to enable readers to compare the outcome of different studies. For reporting on birthweight, SD scores (z-scores) are to be preferred, customized for the most important physiological variables affecting birthweight, e.g. gestational age, gender of the ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the safety of vaginal delivery in pregnancies with fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT). DESIGN: Prospective data collection. SETTING: Leiden University Medical Centre, the national centre for management of severe red cell and platelet alloimmunisation. POPULATION: Thirty-two pregnancies with FNAIT, with a sibling with thrombocytopenia but without ...

AIM/METHODS: To assess the risk of hypoglycaemia-associated seizures in large-for-gestational-age (LGA) full-term neonates data from the Netherlands Perinatal Registry were analysed. RESULTS: From 1997 to 2002 hypoglycaemia was recorded in 1513 of 9318 (16.2%) admitted LGA (defined as birthweight > or = 97.7 percentile) full-term neonates without maternal diabetes, of ...

The Harderian gland, an anterior orbital structure, is either absent or vestigial in primates. This is based upon gross anatomical observations of scattered adult specimens. Though largely absent in the adult human, it is present in the fetal and neonatal stages. Thus, histological examination of the orbital region of neonatal ...

Jadcherla Sudarshan Rao SR Sections of Neonatology and Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition at the Columbus Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, the Ohio State University School of Medicine and Public Health, Columbus, Ohio, USA. - - 2006

To investigate the effect of esophageal mechanosensitive and chemosensitive stimulation on the magnitude and recruitment of peristaltic reflexes and upper esophageal sphincter (UES)-contractile reflex in premature infants. Esophageal manometry and provocation testing were performed in the same 18 neonates at 33 and 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA). Mechanoreceptor and chemoreceptor ...

We compared digital intubation (DI) and laryngoscope intubation (LI) in newborns. The success rate was 90.5% for DI and 50% for LI (P = .004). It took 8.2 seconds to complete the DI and 13.1 seconds to complete the LI (P = .007). DI should be considered to be an ...

Our objective was to determine the potential for chlorhexidine used as a vaginal and neonatal wash to reduce adverse outcomes of pregnancy, especially in developing countries. We searched the English literature from January 1950 through October 2005 for all articles related to the use of chlorhexidine. Every article on chlorhexidine ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe identifiers and estimate maternal and neonatal outcomes in women who attempt suicide during pregnancy. METHODS: A linked Vital Statistics-Patient Discharge database of the State of California was used to identify cases of intentional injury during pregnancy. A retrospective analysis of maternal ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BAER) as an objective testing of hearing assessment in icteric babies and correlate the abnormalities with serum bilirubin levels. METHODS: BAER recordings were taken in 30 icteric ferm neonates at birth, at peak of serum bilirubin levels and on a follow-up visit at ...

BACKGROUND: Uganda has not achieved the 2005 neonatal tetanus (NNT) global elimination target set by the World Health Organization (WHO). The Busoga region has the highest recorded level of NNT incidence in Uganda. To understand the reasons for this high incidence, a study was conducted to identify NNT risk factors. ...

The presence of dilated bowel loops antenatally suggests fetal bowel obstruction. Neonatal intestinal obstruction can have different variations in presentation depending on the level and extent of obstruction. Some of these conditions can be diagnosed antenatally. Antenatal detection of surgically correctable anomalies would ideally reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality by ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of pregnancies in Iranian women with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). In a historical cohort study, maternal and neonatal outcomes were studied in 30 pregnant women with ITP at a hospital in Tehran, from January 1994 through November 2003. Twenty-two cases ...

The present study was designed to investigate the early maturation of the brainstem regulation of the cochlear function in preterm neonates. Evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAE) and their regulation via the medial olivocochlear efferent (MOC) reflex were investigated in a large population of preterm neonates and compared with full-term neonates and ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the outcome of preterm and term neonates born to mothers with malignant diseases diagnosed during pregnancy. METHODS: A retrospective analysis with a matched-paired control group in a third level obstetric department and third level neonatal department of the University Hospital Frankfurt. Patients were preterm and term neonates ...