surface tension

Definitions

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition

n. A property of liquids arising from unbalanced molecular cohesive forces at or near the surface, as a result of which the surface tends to contract and has properties resembling those of a stretched elastic membrane.

n. A measure of this property.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License

n. the effect on the surface of a liquid that makes it behave as a stretched elastic membrane; it is caused by unbalanced intermolecular forces

n. a measure of this effect

from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English

That property, due to molecular forces, which exists in the surface film of all liquids and tends to bring the contained volume into a form having the least superficial area. The thickness of this film, amounting to less than a thousandth of a millimeter, is considered to equal the radius of the sphere of molecular action, that is, the greatest distance at which there is cohesion between two particles. Particles lying below this film, being equally acted on from all sides, are in equilibrium as to forces of cohesion, but those in the film are on the whole attracted inward, and tension results.

from The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia

n. The tension of the surface-film of a liquid due to cohesion. This serves to explain many of the phenomena of capillarity.