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High Valyrian Vocabulary List

A note about the IPA pronunciation guides here.

The pronunciation of /v/ and /j/ can vary significantly (between [v] and [w], and between [j], [ɟ], [ʒ], and [dʒ] respectively). They are simply transcribed here as [v] and [j] for the sake of convenience, this should not be taken as strictly accurate.

The letter kh can also be pronounced gh, k or h depending on the speaker, since it is not a native sound.

The same happens with th which can vary between t, s or z depending on the speaker.

Finally the vowel y should be pronounced [y] but is often realized as [i].

n. 3sol. heir to the throne, crown prince, crown princess ( < the dār- root seen in the dārys family of words, plus the substantivized future participle ending -ilaros, as if from a verb *dāragon. However, no such verb exists in the classical language, and it is uncertain if there ever was one.):

Kivio Dārilaros The Prince That Was Promised

Meri kīvio dārilaros ōz maghagon kostas. — Only the prince who was promised can bring the dawn.[9]

Ziry kivio dārilaros issa, se zȳhon suvio perzō vāedar issa. — He is the prince that was promised, and his is the song of ice and fire.[32]

Jehikarȳ Kinvaro iōrat, Eglio Vokto hen Rijībliot Volantīhot, Drīvo Perzo, Sylvio Ōño, Dohaeriro Ēlio Āeksio Oño syt. — You stand in the presence of Kinvara, High Priestess of the Red Temple of Volantis, the Flame of Truth, the Light of Wisdom, the First Servant of the Lord of Light.[45]

v. Obl. appl. V-fin. to respect; to consider (+ hae + loc.), to take into account; to consider the feelings of; to make plans taking into account the existence or importance of... ( < eventative of iotāpagon < otāpagon.)

Va ñellyrty perzys zȳhyz zaldrīzesse issi, Āeksio Oño irudy. — Her dragons are fire made flesh, a gift from the Lord of Light.

Lo zȳhyz zaldrīzesse Āeksiō Ōñō irudy Daenerot issi, sepār Daenerys Āeksiō irudy riñarta zȳhot issa. — Just as her dragons are a gift from the Lord of Light to Daenerys, so then is Daenerys a gift from the Lord to her children.[11]

irughagon [iɾuˈɣagon]

perfect: irūdan

v. Obl. appl. C-fin. to give, to offer, to present, to release to, to abandon to usually used with third person objects, otherwise see tepagon ( < i- + rughagon, lit. to drop to).

Jehikarȳ Kinvaro iōrat, Eglio Vokto hen Rijībliot Volantīhot, Drīvo Perzo, Sylvio Ōño, Dohaeriro Ēlio Āeksio Oño syt. — You stand in the presence of Kinvara, High Priestess of the Red Temple of Volantis, the Flame of Truth, the Light of Wisdom, the First Servant of the Lord of Light.[45]

v. C-fin. to lead, to guide →acc. someone; →loc. from some place; →dat. to some place; if confusion is possible, use the prepositions hen and va; daoriot jemas it doesn't matter, lit. it leads nowhere (possibly in origin i- + emagon, but this is uncertain, and in any case the verb conjugates regularly).

Roberti Dāri zȳhi nekēpti se Āeksiot Ōño jemagon. — Turn King Robert away from his idols and toward the Lord of Light.

Lo Dārie se pāsābari sytiotāpia lōtirī jorrāeloty, sepār dōre vala arlī īlōn belmurilza. — If we are steadfast in our love for the Queen and her faithful advisors, no man will ever lock us in chains again[11]

v. C-fin. to pawn, to accept as a pledge, to accept as pawned (the subject is the one who agrees to lend money for a pawned good, and it is rendered in the genitive; the object is the pawned good. ( < mī- + jāelagon)

v. C-fin. to remove, to move (only s/t which doesn't naturally belong on or at the place from which it's being removed [e.g. a book from a table, not a shirt from a torso or a ring from a finger]) ( < nā- + jikagon.)

Lo Dārie se pāsābari sytiotāpia lōtirī jorrāeloty, sepār dōre vala arlī īlōn belmurilza. — If we are steadfast in our love for the Queen and her faithful advisors, no man will ever lock us in chains again[11]

v. C-fin. to mix[182], to mix up, to mix together, to blend (to convey that something mixes with something else, use either a standard conjunctive strategy, or put the second element in the comitative).

Jehikarȳ Kinvaro iōrat, Eglio Vokto hen Rijībliot Volantīhot, Drīvo Perzo, Sylvio Ōño, Dohaeriro Ēlio Āeksio Oño syt. — You stand in the presence of Kinvara, High Priestess of the Red Temple of Volantis, the Flame of Truth, the Light of Wisdom, the First Servant of the Lord of Light.[45]

Lo zȳhyz zaldrīzesse Āeksiō Ōñō irudy Daenerot issi, sepār Daenerys Āeksiō irudy riñarta zȳhot issa. — Just as her dragons are a gift from the Lord of Light to Daenerys, so then is Daenerys a gift from the Lord to her children.[11]

Lo Dārie se pāsābari sytiotāpia lōtirī jorrāeloty, sepār dōre vala arlī īlōn belmurilza. — If we are steadfast in our love for the Queen and her faithful advisors, no man will ever lock us in chains again[11]

v. V-fin. to make, to create, to bring forth, to bring into being, to conjure; to shape, to form, to give form to, to mould, to fashion, to work (e.g. some substance); to smith, to forge (eventative of sahagon.)[213]

Belma se pōnte sētessis lȳri nāpāstyri ozzālilāt? — Will you burn away the chains and the nonbelievers who make them?[10]

int.pron. 3ter. how many, what amount, what number →gen., usually pl., followed by a 3sg. verb (the pronoun being considered the subject of the question modified by a genitive of content) ( < skore + verdon).

Skorverdon valoti ēdrus? — How many men are sleeping?

skorȳso [skoˈɾyːso]

int.pron. why; conj. because properly used in this sense only in response to a question. (instrumental of skoros.)

Jehikarȳ Kinvaro iōrat, Eglio Vokto hen Rijībliot Volantīhot, Drīvo Perzo, Sylvio Ōño, Dohaeriro Ēlio Āeksio Oño syt. — You stand in the presence of Kinvara, High Priestess of the Red Temple of Volantis, the Flame of Truth, the Light of Wisdom, the First Servant of the Lord of Light.[45]

postp.→gen. for. Skoro syt why? (prob. historically the locative or dative of an unknown or lost noun, perhaps something like *sion, or maybe something related to sȳz, with the idea of for the good of....)

Lo Dārie se pāsābari sytiotāpia lōtirī jorrāeloty, sepār dōre vala arlī īlōn belmurilza. — If we are steadfast in our love for the Queen and her faithful advisors, no man will ever lock us in chains again[11]

Jehikarȳ Kinvaro iōrat, Eglio Vokto hen Rijībliot Volantīhot, Drīvo Perzo, Sylvio Ōño, Dohaeriro Ēlio Āeksio Oño syt. — You stand in the presence of Kinvara, High Priestess of the Red Temple of Volantis, the Flame of Truth, the Light of Wisdom, the First Servant of the Lord of Light.[45]

↑ 74.074.174.2 The names for the solar and lunar genders were long thought to be vēzenkor qogror and hūrenkor qogror, due to this comment, but DJP has since clarified that that was in error, and that qogror is indeed terrestrial, precisely as one would expect. As this error has persisted uncorrected for two years, it has already been propagated to any discussions of HV on the internet. If you are in a position to do so, please correct any references you may find to ˣvēzenkor qogror or ˣhūrenkor qogror to vēzenkon and hūrenkon respectively.

↑ 77.077.1 Generally, when it comes to "being" in a certain place, ilagon must be used. In some contexts sagon may also be used, but the rule is not yet clear. We know that "Who is at the Inn at the Crossroads?" must be Sparos Īliliot Zenturliot ilza? ( ˣissa is not permitted here), but "Where are my dragons?" may be either Skoriot Skoriot ñuhyz zaldrīzesse issi? or Skoriot Skoriot ñuhyz zaldrīzesse ilzi?

↑ DJP is somewhat uneasy with this form, though he concedes it is valid:

"As for sr > j, yes, you could list those as in free variation, though for myself, I’d be hesitant to do ioje. I like iosre better. But that doesn’t mean ioje isn’t acceptable by any means."—Email 3-29-15

↑ "I suppose it really depends on how the speaker is feeling. You could certainly drop it straight into the lunar declension I paradigm (same as vala). You could also just strip the final -a in everything but the nominative singular and put it into the paradigm for borrowings. It’s a foreign word, so you never know." —DJP

↑ This sentence is unusual in that it was composed by Iustinus rather than DJP. However, DJP did correct this sentence, and confirm that the use of mirros in this sense was valid. As it is our only example (so far) of that usage, it seemed valid to cite it here.

↑ It is possible that this should actually be Rullōr [rulˈloːr]: "I just kept an irregular stress pattern, since it’s a borrowing. That said, it’s not as if the rules are hard and fast for how a borrowed word should be rendered. It very well could come out as Rullōr. That wouldn’t explain its nominative stress pattern (word-final), but it would explain the rest of the paradigm." —DJP

↑ It may be assumed this name follows the "foreign" declension, given that it is clearly a borrowing, and has irregular stress. But the only oblique case we've encountered is gen. Rullóro, which could indicate any declension class at all.