The code snippets you saw so far did not show any trace of randomized testing features, as they are carefully hidden under the hood. However when you are writing your own tests, you should make use of these features as well. Before starting with that, you should know, how to repeat a failed test with the same setup, how it failed. Luckily this is quite easy, as the whole mvn call is logged together with failed tests, which means you can simply copy and paste that line and run the test.

The next step is to convert your test using static test data into a test using randomized test data. The kind of data you could randomize varies a lot with the functionality you are testing against. Take a look at the following examples (note, that this list could go on for pages, as a distributed system has many, many moving parts):

Searching for data using arbitrary UTF8 signs

Changing your mapping configuration, index and field names with each run

Changing your response sizes/configurable limits with each run

Changing the number of shards/replicas when creating an index

So, how can you create random data. The most important thing to know is, that you never should instantiate your own Random instance, but use the one provided in the RandomizedTest, from which all Elasticsearch dependent test classes inherit from.

getRandom()

Returns the random instance, which can recreated when calling the test with specific parameters

randomBoolean()

Returns a random boolean

randomByte()

Returns a random byte

randomShort()

Returns a random short

randomInt()

Returns a random integer

randomLong()

Returns a random long

randomFloat()

Returns a random float

randomDouble()

Returns a random double

randomInt(max)

Returns a random integer between 0 and max

between()

Returns a random between the supplied range

atLeast()

Returns a random integer of at least the specified integer

atMost()

Returns a random integer of at most the specified integer

randomLocale()

Returns a random locale

randomTimeZone()

Returns a random timezone

randomFrom()

Returns a random element from a list/array

In addition, there are a couple of helper methods, allowing you to create random ASCII and Unicode strings, see methods beginning with randomAscii, randomUnicode, and randomRealisticUnicode in the random test class. The latter one tries to create more realistic unicode string by not being arbitrary random.

If you want to debug a specific problem with a specific random seed, you can use the @Seed annotation to configure a specific seed for a test. If you want to run a test more than once, instead of starting the whole test suite over and over again, you can use the @Repeat annotation with an arbitrary value. Each iteration than gets run with a different seed.