Human Papillomavirus Testing

Definition

This is a test to detect
human papillomavirus
(HPV). HPV is a
virus spread by sexual contact. Certain types of HPV increase the risk of developing
cervical cancer. HPV is also the cause of genital warts.

The HPV test is approved to detect some types of HPV on a woman's cervix. The cervix is located in deepest part of the vagina. Currently, there is no test to screen men for this condition.

Reasons for the Test

The HPV test is done if you are 21 years or older and have abnormal
Pap smear
results. If you are 30 years or older, your doctor may also use the HPV test along with the Pap smear to screen for cervical cancer.

Possible Complications

There are no major complications associated with this test.

What to Expect

Prior to Test

Do not schedule the test during your menstrual period.

To be more comfortable, urinate before the test.

Description of Test

You will lie on your back. Your feet are placed in foot rests. You will be asked to let your legs fall open to the sides. A medical instrument called a speculum will be gently inserted into the vagina. It opens the vagina so that the cervix can be viewed. A swab will be inserted into the vagina. The swab will be used to wipe the surface of the cervix. The swab will be examined under a microscope. This test is most often performed at the same time you are having a Pap smear.

How Long Will It Take?

This test takes less than 5 minutes.

Will It Hurt?

There is no pain associated with this test.

Results

Results of the HPV test may take 2 to 3 weeks. Your doctor will talk to you about your results. Depending on the results, you may need more tests or treatments.

Call Your Doctor

After the test, call your doctor if any of the following occur:

Signs of infection, including fever and chills

Foul vaginal odor, pain, or unusual vaginal discharge

Severe abdominal pain or swelling

If you think you have an emergency, call for emergency medical services right away.

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.

HPV and men—fact sheet. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Available at:
http://www.cdc.gov/STD/hpv/STDFact-HPV-and-men.htm#testforwomen. Updated January 28, 2015. Accessed May 28, 2015.

Human papillomavirus testing. American Academy of Family Physicians Family Doctor website. Available at:
http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/human-papillomavirus-hpv/diagnosis-tests.html. Updated January 2014. Accessed May 28, 2015.

The health information in this Health Library is provided by a third party. TriStar Health does not in any way create the content of this information. It is provided solely for informational purposes. It does not constitute medical advice and is not intended to be a substitute for proper medical care provided by a physician. Always consult with your doctor for appropriate examinations, treatment, testing, and care recommendations. Do not rely on information on this site as a tool for self-diagnosis. If you have a medical emergency, call 911.