PETERSON Chapter 9/10. Reading answers 1. Feeling of intense loyalty and devotion to one’s country 2. Victory in the War of 1812 3. James Monroe 4. Roads,

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Presentation on theme: "PETERSON Chapter 9/10. Reading answers 1. Feeling of intense loyalty and devotion to one’s country 2. Victory in the War of 1812 3. James Monroe 4. Roads,"— Presentation transcript:

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PETERSON Chapter 9/10

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Reading answers 1. Feeling of intense loyalty and devotion to one’s country 2. Victory in the War of James Monroe 4. Roads, Canals, Transportation 5. A Tariff 6. A National Bank 7. It was a protective tariff 8. The right of congress to make “necessary and proper laws” 9. Violate a federal law

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John Marshall and his Supreme Court decisions The economy is struggling after congress failed to renew the First National Bank’s charter.  Congress then decides to create Second Bank of the United States  some oppose and challenge it constitutionally in McCulloch v. Maryland that the bank is constitutional and a state can not interfere with any federal agency within its borders Marshall dominates the court and makes many rulings strengthening the court and overall government

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Internal Improvements Many are calling for internal improvements to transportation systems How to pay for it? – many want to use a tariff Tariff of 1816 – protective tariff that helped manufactures and funded road improvement Most roads and transportation improvement was done by private companies or states

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9-3 Answers 1.Who was Monroe’s Secretary of State? John Quincy Adams 2. What happen to him in 1825? He was elected president 3. Name 3 disputes between the U.S. and Britain. Fishing rights at the mouth of the St. Lawrence River Competition for naval supremacy on the Great Lakes Unsettled boundary between Canada and America

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4. What would be the advantage for both sides if there would be peace? Huge economic gains…Britain purchased our raw materials…we purchased their manufactured goods 5. What did Britain and the U.S. agree to do in the Rush-Bagot Agreement 1817? Remove warships from the great lakes 6. What was settled at the Convention of 1818? American ships can fish in Canadian waters Northern boundary of US is set at 49 th parallel 7. In 1818 what did Andrew Jackson do in Florida? Drove into FLA ignoring international borders and seizing Spanish possessions He was pursuing the Seminole and Creek Indians

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8. What was the ultimatum given to Spain by Monroe? Either govern FLA effectively or give it to the US 9. What did the Adams-Onis treaty do? Gave the US FLA Set western border of the LA purchase US paid citizens who had claims against Spain US gives up claim to TX, Spain gives up claim to Oregon 10. What made Adams capable of settling such a bias deal? The Spanish were having world problems of their own

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11. What was the most significant accomplishment of Secretary of State Adams? Monroe Doctrine of What were the Spanish colonies in Latin America doing? Began to declare independence 13. What did the Quadruple Alliance want to do? Suppress the democratic movements in Europe 14. Britain wants to respond to the Quadruple Alliance by making a joint statement with America saying what? They oppose any intervention in the young governments and would not claim any territory for themselves

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15. What was Russia doing along the Pacific Coast and Alaska? Moving into the area and claiming territory 16.Who wants Monroe to make a joint statement with Britain? Who is against a joint statement and why? Jefferson and Madison – use the British support John Q. Adams – Do not use the support…Makes America look weak 17. What does the Monroe Doctrine state? European nations should stay out of the affairs of the Western Hemisphere 18. Who would enforce the Monroe Doctrine if a European nation violated it? The British Navy 19. How did the Russians respond in 1824? Withdrew from their holdings in the Oregon

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Ch 10-2 Sectional Growth

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Objectives Describe how the demand for cotton increased as a result of the invention of the cotton gin. Analyze the social hierarchy of the antebellum south. Describe the growth of the settlement of the west and growth of towns. Identify: Black Belt, Eli Whitney

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Plantation Slavery Demand for southern cotton grows as the industrial revolution takes place in England Before the industrial revolution slavery was barely profitable

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Slavery and cotton go hand in hand…more than other crops Slavery now becomes more profitable…demand for slaves increase # of slaves 4X…criticism of slavery in south declines (money talks)

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Cotton is King Cotton is so profitable no land is wasted for manufacturing facilities Cotton becomes largest export in the nation South begins to separate by classes  Large plantation owners  small plantation owners  small farm owners(largest class few if any slaves)  poor whites  blacks (freed or not)

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Black-belt begins to grow – named for rich dark soil …Mississippi, Alabama area  Population grows as demand for land increases  Mississippi, Alabama, Arkansas become states Very few slaves are being freed…fear of having large numbers of freed slaves around  American Colonization Society formed …explore African colonization  Liberia is formed and 12,000 freed slaves transported there

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Growth of the Northwest Settlers are moving over Appalachians Indians are forced west of Mississippi Southern whites looking for land Immigrants flood west

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Growth of towns Towns grow where rivers meet  Place to sell crops/goods and purchase supplies  Pittsburgh (largest), Louisville, Nashville, Cincinnati Skilled labor was in great demand (masons, wheel makers, etc)  No jobs in east…they get inflated wages in the west Land speculators begin to invest in the west

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10-3 Sectional growth/compromise

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Sectional Rivalry and Compromise Each section of the country is different; therefore each section approaches issues differently  North (northeast)– Manufacturing  South – Plantations  West (northwest)– new settlement / farming

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Points of Conflict 1. Public Lands to the West – Price? How rapid should it be opened? and squatters? 2. Protective Tariffs 3. Internal improvements – Should the federal government fund them? 4. Extension of slavery into new territory?

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Public Lands to the West – Price? How rapid should it be opened? and squatters? West – Cheap prices, Fast settlement, for squatters rights Northern Manufactures – Expensive, Slow…they do not want to lose workers…Northern Farmers also don’t want the competition South – Cheap and fast settlement, no squatters…the squatters already have the best land

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Protective Tariffs North – favored them because it would protect their manufacturing South – opposed them because it would raise the price of the goods they buy West – favored them hoping northern cities would grow and tariffs would fund transportation improvements

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Internal improvements – Should the federal government fund them? West – use federal money South – against it because they use the rivers, and it would require a protective tariff to raise the money North – favors the idea…it would require a tariff

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Extension of slavery into new territory? South – argue they should be able to take their slaves with them anywhere BUT free states North/west – beginning to see slavery as wrong from a moral standpoint, also do not want any new slave states (balance of power)

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Missouri Compromise Power is balanced 11 free to 11 slave states 1819 Missouri applies for statehood as a slave state… while at the same time an amendment is proposed to eliminate slavery in the territory Maine petitions for separation from Mass. to be admitted as a free state

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Compromise – Both states admitted  No slavery north of the southern boundary of Misso.  South agrees to compromise believing that the land north of Misso. was arid and uninhabitable…are angry once the find out how massive and fertile the land is

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Jackson wins the popular vote but fails to get the majority of electoral votes  house of rep. to decide…Clay is the Speaker of the House

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The race comes down to Jackson v. Adams  Clay (not wanting to make Jackson too strong for 1828 election) swings the vote to Adams  Adams then appoints Clay Sec. of State  Jackson supporters argue a corrupt deal has been made Adams does not accomplish much in office because Jackson’s supporters prevent him from getting anything done Adams is set up for defeat in the 1828 election.

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ESSAY Pick one section of the country (N,S,W) and explain where they stand on each of the points of conflict and why?  Do not use I  “I picked the west”