The main aim of this project is to undertake a comprehensive analysis of the political, social, economic, religious and cultural developments in the Middle East, which at the beginning of the second decade of the 21st century, led to the outbreak of Arab revolutions. In scientific output of the grant project we shall focus, besides the historical context, on the current situation, possibilities of development and implications resulting from the situation in the Arab world for the security of Slovakia and of the European Union.