[55] Cieza de Leon, Second Part of the Chronicle
of Peru (Hakluyt Society, London, 1883), p. 18.

[56] The Grihya Sutras, translated by H. Oldenberg,
Part ii. (Oxford, 1892) pp. 165, 275 (Sacred Books
of the East, vol. xxx.). Umbrellas appear
to have been sometimes used in ritual for the purpose
of preventing the sunlight from falling on sacred
persons or things. See W. Caland, Altindisches
Zauberritual (Amsterdam, 1900), p. 110 note 12.
At an Athenian festival called Scira the priestess
of Athena, the priest of Poseidon, and the priest
of the Sun walked from the Acropolis under the shade
of a huge white umbrella which was borne over their
heads by the Eteobutads. See Harpocration and
Suidas, s.v. [Greek: Skiron]; Scholiast
on Aristophanes, Eccles. 18.