Public agencies will be extensively involved in the deployment, maintenance, and operation of IVHS infrastructure. The existing fragmentation of transportation responsibilities will require development of new approaches to multi-jurisdictional coordination. Certain IVHS measures will be perceived as contrary to local interests and will arouse political opposition. Many public agencies do not currently have the technical expertise to maintain and operate IVHS equipment. New funding mechanisms need to be devised to assure an adequate level of public agency support of IVHS.