The U.S. elite and the Latin American crisis
1990. The debt crisis is without solution, and may require unilateral measures on the part of Latin American countries. The idea of free trading area in the Americas is welcomed.(Note in book edited by Baer & Petri)

Investment decision and the interest rate in normal and exceptional times
1991. Based on research conducted in 1970 and repeated in 1990, this paper shows that, in 'abnormal times', when the interest rate is abnormally high, business enterprises' decisions on investment take into consideration the interest rate more attentively than they do in normal times. (Paper presented to LASA meeting)

Technobureaucratic Capitalism
1990. The rise of technobureaucracy or the professional middle class: in capitalism, sharing power with the bourgeoisie in the Soviet Union and other comand economies, as the ruling class. It is revised translation of A Sociedade Estatal e a Tecnoburocracia (1981) with the adition of the paper "Social Classes and Strata in Contemporary Capitalism". (Book unpublished: fully available here.)

Und moratoria, a false solution
1990. A und moratoria as we have today is not a solution for the debt crisis. Unilateral decisions should complement the Brady Plan so as to achieve a reasonable discount on the debt.(Paper in edited book)

Economic ideologies and the consolidation of democracy in Brazil
1989. The transition to democracy was an outcome of successful political popular-business pact, but mistaken ideoloiges originated in old nationalism and left populism, and on conservative clientelism, opportunism, social conservatism, monetarism, crude liberalism, and subordinated internationalism represent an obstacle to democratic consolidation and growth in Brazil. Portuguese version available.
(Paper in book edited by Diane Ethier)

The third world debt: a dangerous game
1989. Third world debt is so high that only its securitization with a discount in the line proposed in 1987 by me as finance minister of Brazil will solve the problem.

A debtor's approach to the debt crisis
1989. The Brazilian crisis in the 1980s as a debt and a fiscal crisis. A summary of the negotiations. The solution of the debt crisis requires that creditors accept the seccuritization of the debt with a discount. Portuguese version available. (Paper in book edited by Christine Bogdanowicz-Bindert).

The Theory of Inertial Inflation
1987. With Yoshiaki Nakano. Collected papers on the theory of inertial or indexed inflation. Translation of Inflação e Recessão (1984) with the addition of paper on the 1985 Cruzado Plan. (Book: Lynne Rienner Publishers)

Inertial inflation and the Cruzado Plan
1987. Paper written a four months after the Cruzado Plan was lauched to control inertial inflation. The two main dangers the plan was facing were relative prices desiquilibria left by the plan and an increasing budget deficit. Portuguese version available.(Paper: World Development)

Possible political pacts after redemocratization
1985 (1988). With the transiction to democracy and the election of Tancredo Neves the probability of a populist political pact is small. The alternatives after democratization are a conservative pact based on the great bourgeoisie, or a progressive one based on the middle classes.Portuguese version available. (Paper in book edited by Chacel, Falk e Fleischer)

The dialectic of redemocratization and abertura
1984. The 'abertura' is a strategy that military are using to postpone the democratic transition that became inevitable since the Brazilian business men broke down their alliance with them.(Paper in Development and Crisis in Brazil: 1930-1983.)

The crisis of the 1970s
1983 [1984]. A survey of the 1970s and an analysis of the causes of the crisis beginning in 1981: reversion of the economic cycle as consequence of overaccumulation, and the debt crisis. Portuguese version available. (Chapter 8 of Development and Crisis in Brazil: 1930-1983)

Six interpretations of the Brazilian social formation
1982 (1984). An overview of the political and economic interpretations of Brazil before and after 1964. The two interpretations of Brazil before 1964 (agrarian vocation and national-bourgeois) and the four after 1964 (imperialist, functional-capitalist, dependency, and authoritarian modernization). Portuguese version available. (Paper: Latin American Perspectives).

Social classes and strata in contemporary capitalism
1981. A sistematic analysis on social classes in contemporary capitalism distinguishing social classes from social strata and showing how the two concepts are interconected. Portuguese version available. (Paper: published only in this site)

The post-1966 expansion and the new model
1970. It corresponds to "Dividir ou multiplicar?" (1970). It claims that the Brazilian "economic miracle" (1968-1973) signaled a new, export oriented, model of development that made consistent aggregate demand and supply of luxury goods by concentrating income from the middle class upwards. (Chapter 7 of Development and Crisis in Brazil: 1930-1983)

Political development, and the crisis of the populist alliance
1968. ISEB's political model based on the aliance of the national bourgeoisie with the workers and the bureaucrats was correct. Yet, historical new facts led to the collapse of the populist and national-developmentalist pact and to the political crisis of 1961-64. (Chapter 4 of Development and Crisis in Brazil).

Changing perspectives of social mobility
1960. The conflict that American graduate business students face between the drive for social mobility and the conditions found by William Henry: leaving home and forgeting friends (Term-paper: MBA at Michigan State University)