What is the relationship between receptors/effectors and afferent/efferent fibers?

- The receptors are sensory receptors of the PNS that send their information to the brain on afferent fibers

- The effectors are motor neurons that are following the commands of the CNS based on the information from the sensory receptors; the information travels to the muscles and glands on efferent nerve fibers

3. Axon: Long projection from the soma that carries an electrical signal; can be myelinated or unmyelinated

What is a synapse?

The area where a neuron communicates with another cell. A presynaptic axon meets a postsynaptic receptor. Neurotransmitters/signals are released from the presynaptic membrane and travel across the synaptic cleft to the postsynaptic receptors

What are the 3 functional classifications of neurons?

1. Sensory neurons: Afferent neurons of the PNS

2. Motor neurons: Efferent neurons of the PNS

3. Interneurons: The in between neurons interpreting sensory information and making decisions in the CNS

What are the 4 neuroglia in the CNS?

1. Oligodendrocytes: support cells that myelinate neurons to allow faster conduction of electrical pulses; one cell can myelinate multiple neurons

2. Astrocytes: create the BBB; controls interstitial environment

3. Ependymal cells: produce CSF, found lining the ventricles and the central canal of the spinal cord