The president’s national-security judgments are subject to review by federal judges, an appeals court ruled Thursday, as it blessed parts of a lawsuit challenging the Trump administration’s ban on travel from seven predominantly Muslim countries, while reserving judgment on others.

The ruling by the Ninth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals on Thursday bars the administration from enforcing its 90-day ban on travelers from Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen, pending the outcome of a lawsuit filed by Washington state...