The aim of this work is to investigate extraction of rutheniumIII from acidic aqueous solutions with phosphonium ionic liquids such as trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride Cyphos IL 101, trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis2,4,4-trimethylpentylphosphinate Cyphos IL 104 and tributyltetradecylphosphonium chloride Cyphos IL 167 as extractants. The influence of HCl content in the feed solutions on extraction of RuIII was investigated. The research was performed for model solutions containing RuIII and a mixture of waste solutions containing RuIII and RhIII. In addition, investigation of the type of extractant and its concentration in the organic phase on extraction of RuIII was carried out. Co-extraction of protons to the organic phase was determined. To the best of our knowledge, the extraction of RuIII with Cyphos IL 167 tributyltetradecylphosphonium chloride as an extractant has not yet been described in the scientific literature.