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Translation - EnglishThe ninth volume of the periodical „Archiwum Emigracji” contains 14 essays on the history of literature and the literary life of Polish emigrants after the Yalta Conference. In a sketch “Mickiewicziana w dorobku naukowym Marii Danilewicz Zielińskiej” (Mickieicziana in Maria Danilewicz Zielińska’s scientific achievements) Mirosław Strzyżewski presents the figure of Maria Danilewicz Zielińska as an intellectual of an interwar background, for whom the research on native literature was not only the process of accomplishing her passion but also fulfilling a patriotic duty. The author of the first article emphasizes that despite an anachronic character of the research– from today’s point of view – her works devoted to Adam Mickiewicz preserved the value of authentic scientific discoveries, among which Mirosław Strzyżewski gives the highest appreciation to the editorial study of mickiewicziana from Tomasz Niewodniczański’s collection. In the second article, devoted to Maria Danilewicz Zielińska’s literary output, Kazimierz Adamczyk considers her “Szkice o literaturze emigracyjnej” – jako autobiografia (“Sketches about literature in exile” – as an autobiography), as the history of literature of so-called second emigration, based on the author’s own experience – as a matter of fact her autobiography. Kazimierz Adamczyk is not interested in Danielewicz’s literarycritical field of activity but in the writer’s autobiographical strategy, which builds the narration of Szkice … . Wojciech Ligęza in his article Obrazy domu w twórczości Czesława Bednarczyka (The images of Czesław Bednarczyk’s home in his literature) writes about a poet, for whom the matters of feeling settled and putting down roots became main issues, and the poetry – became the tool of creating his private area to accustom strange world around. Czesław Bednarczyk’s private inner life becomes a model of world’s order where a symbolic space rises from a concrete one. Krzysztof A. Dorosz, the author of „Te wiersze to literatura i serce... O religijnych intuicjach Beaty Obertyńskiej”. (“Those poems are pure literature and heart… About Beata Obertyńska’s religious intuitions”), is interested in a religious measure of Obertyńska’s lyric, whom the author considers as a poet of outstanding deepness of religious reflections. Dorota Heck in Obraz barbarzyńcy w twórczości Bogumiła Andrzejewskiego (The image of a barbarian in Bogumił Andrzejewski’s literary works) analyzes the issue from the article title above taking the example from the poem Zamach stanu – rewolucja – szakalonidzi obejmują władzę (in free interpretation: A coup d’état – revolution – jackal-like people are taking over the power). The author proves that a “barbarian” in the poet’s language is not the representative of primitive men but a specimen of certain mentality, in confrontation with which “primitive men” turn out to be civilized. Marta Gessek in her article Poeta rzeki Heraklita – kategoria pamięci w twórczości poetyckiej Zdzisława Marka (The poet of Heraclitus river – the category of memory in Zdzisław Marek’s poetic output) proves that in Zdzisław Marek’s poetry, in contrast to a typical remembrance literature in exile showing precisely each detail taken out from memory – space detail from “childhood”, literary works in exile are described by negation, emphasizing the subject’s remoteness from the places and objects from childhood and from a painful “overexposure of a memory film”. Zbigniew Chojnowski - Poezja, czyli ćwiczenie się w wolności („Apoteoza tańca” Witolda Wirpszy) [A poetry, that is training yourself in freedom (free translation: “Dance Apotheosis” by Witold Wirpsza)] – writes about a title work from the volume written by Witold Wirpsza in the first years of living in exile in West Berlin. Multidimensional, transtextual poem with essayistic narration forces – Choinacki claims – to breake with an interpretative routine. A series of awesome biographies of real people, built up by the poet, was treated here as peculiar artistic acting in favour of adapting himself to live in freedom, far from the influence of a totalitarian system. Józef Olejniczak - „Stary lubieżny dziadu, pora tobie do grobu...” – późne elegie (?) Czesława Miłosza – looks into the religiousness of the poems from volume To. He is interested whether those texts are considered to be elegies, as defined by geneology, or “averted elegies”, which were already mentioned by I. Opacki erstwhile. The questions about Czesław Miłosz’s attitude towards literary genre and about the connection of those poems with romantic tradition and the tone of Liryki lozańskie by Adam Mickiewicz are being asked. Wacław Lewandowski in his essay Miłosz i nacjonalizm (free translation: Miłosz and nationalism) considers the evolution of the poet’s views on national chauvinism and communism, shows the essence of the dispute between Miłosz and the communism of PRL (the Polish People’s Republic) times, garnished with nationalistic phraseology, and also shows the reasons for a reluctance of neo-nationalistic communities in Poland to the poet. Mirosław A. Supruniuk (Gdyby nie było „Kultury”. Jerzy Giedroyc i próba reaktywowania „Wiadomości” w 1945 roku) (If there was no the „Kultura” periodical. Jerzy Giedroyc and the attempt to reactivate the “Wiadimości” periodical in 1945) has the role of an editor of the J. Giedroyc’s and M. Grydzewski’s letters from the years 1945-47. The article preceding the letter shows different personages, even from the Polish highest authorities in exile, putting pressure on inducing Giedroyc and Grydzewski to joint editorial work, as well as Giedroyc’s attempts to involve Grydzewski in a planned editorial undertaking in Rome and induce him to reactivate the “Wiadomiści” periodical in Rome under the control of Instytut Literacki. The letters mentioned above has not been cited or researched, yet. Rafał Moczkodan (Nienapisana recenzja, czyli rzecz o warsztacie krytycznym Michała Chmielowca) (An unwritten review, that is a paper about Michał Chmielowiec critical workshop) found Chmielowiec’s notes on his lecture of a book Dawne i nowe lata by J. Sakowski. Those written down impressions, formed while reading, are presented on the background of M. Chmielowiec’s synthetic picture of his literary-critical work. Kazimierz Adamczyk, in his second article in this volume („Happy-end” – historia z drugiej ręki) (“Happy-end” – a second-hand history), suggests his own interpretation of Tadeusz Nowakowski’s novel put in the title of this article. K. Adamczyk underlines an extraordinary role of the citation and allusion in the narration, that’s the reason for using the phrase “second-hand” literature. Maciej Wróblewski in the article Słowo o tym, jak emigranci do szkoły szli – Stempowski, Gombrowicz i Miłosz (A word about how emigrants went to schools - Stempowski, Gombrowicz and Miłosz) presents those three writers’ memories from school times trying to interpret them as – also – noted memories of the emigrant experiences. Aneta D. Jadowska (Na pograniczu jawy i snu – bohaterek powieści Zofii Romanowiczowej zmagania z podświadomością) (Between real life and dreams – the struggle with subconsciousness of two female characters in Zofia Romanowiczowa’s novel) presents extensive psychological study of the characters showing at the same time particular features of Zofia Romanowiczowa writer’s workshop.

Translation - English Religious and metaphysical subjects were dominant and taken as the main features in Polish literature of the seventeenth century. The works of Spanish writers from the Iberian Peninsula like Saint John of the Cross, Saint Teresa of Ávila made models to follow for Polish ones, as well as Ćwiczenia duchowne (Spiritual Exercises) by Ignatius of Loyola, which in a large extend inspired and influenced Polish poetry and rhetorical prose. Polish poets used to acquaint with the works of the Iberian saints while Ćwiczenia duchowne (Spiritual Exercises) of Loyola, however published in Polish in 1583, were known in Poland much earlier.

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NKJO, stud.podyp. WSB

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Years of translation experience: 18. Registered at ProZ.com: Nov 2007.

I graduated from the University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology (never worked in this field), then graduated from the Foreign Language Teacher Training College in Torun, English Language, I also have a diploma in post-graduate translation and interpretation studies in economy and law in business - English Language - at Torun School of Baking. I have 14 years of teaching English, both in public and private schools, experience. I was rewarded with a grant for teachers in 2001 by Education Office which allowed me to attend English language courses for teachers in Cambridge and Edinborough GB.At present I work for NCU Library in Torun in Department of Reference Services and Subject Cataloguing as an English language translator, interpretor and a librarian at the same time.Briefly about myself: personally I use to train basketball as a pupil and student, which gave me lots of opportunities to travel. Well, and this way my love to getting to know new cultures grew and grew especially that my father is a real globetrotter. What more I find familiarizing people from other coultures with our culture most interesting. My interests circulate arround politics, too. As a result I was chosen as a member of Rada Okregu Sraromiejskie nr 12 in Torun (supportive osgan for Torun Town Coumcil of Torun Old Town region). I am also a member of Katyn family as at the beginning of World War II my mother's father Franciszek Korona was arrested and killed by the Soviets together with 20 000 of Polish officers (with Stalin decision) in Katyn. Before war he was a director of a Tabacco Factory in Radom.