考点：健康保健类

All over the world, the global diet includes fast food—prepared items from inexpensive restaurants, snack bars, or food stands. Some examples of American fast food are hamburgers, hot dogs, sandwiches, fried chicken, and so on. Some types of international fast foods might be German sausage and Schnitzel, Italian pizza, Japanese sushi and tempura, Chinese eggrolls and noodles and the like. The variety of fast foods all over the world is growing. Even so, this kind of style is becoming worldwide. Fast-food places usually prepare and serve the items quickly. Many are part of fast-food chains (eating places with the same name and company owner). For example, the biggest and most famous American fast-food chain serves hamburgers in nearly every part of the world. For several reasons, many people choose fast food. First, it is quick and convenient. Second, it is cheaper than special home-cooked meals or formal restaurant dinners. And third, it is easy to find every eating place with the same company name. The atmosphere and style of most fast-food places is casual, comfortable, and familiar. Why do other eaters stay away from this fast, easy kind of nourishment? The main reason is its low nutritional value. Fast food doesn’t have large amounts of fiber, vitamins, minerals, and the like-elements necessary for good nutrition and health. In contrast (相反), most types of fast food have a lot of fat, sugar, or salt in them. Possibly, these things can cause or increase health disorders, like heart disease, and some kinds of cancer. Recently, these quick and easy kinds of world wide nourishment are generally getting better and more healthful. For example, many fast-food restaurants now have put vegetable items on their menus. Of course, human beings around the world don’t always eat in fast-food places.The variety of food choices is large now and is probably going to increase. The number of food preparation methods is growing too. Cooking customs, eating habits, and food preferences all over the world are becoming more healthful. In these and other ways, the global diet is changing. 【小题1】From Paragragh 1,we can know that __________________.

Fashions in child-care (儿童保育)， as all parents know, come and go. Bottle-feeding or mother's milk? Full-time parental care or a child-minder(儿童保育员)? These problems always trouble the parents a lot. And now, there is a book called Childsplay dealing with the problem of child-care.The author of Childsplay, Lucy Jackson, believes most school children do some sports at school. And many adults take regular exercise in their free time. Babies, though, spend most of the time in front of the television or sitting in a push-chair (折叠式婴儿车) or high chair. If the world were a safer place, every child would run around freely, but that is simply not possible. As a result, they become lazy, overweight and unfit. Ms. Jackson is worried that if small children take no regular exercise, bad habits will continue into adulthood (成人期 ). She suggests that parents should begin exercising with very small babies, moving their legs and arms gently in time to music. As children grow, they should follow and exercise program using soft balls, household furniture and play equipment. Many experts in child development do not agree. They feel that children will learn to run and jump as they play naturally; they do not need planned exercise. They would not be overweight if they ate healthier food. An increasing number of parents, though, are taking their children to exercise classes. The kids jump around with their mothers to disco music.They seem to enjoy themselves, but it is not at all clear if the classes have any effect on their future development.【小题1】According to the passage, the parents do not worry about how to care about their children.【小题2】Childsplay is a book about how to take care of the children.【小题3】Ms. Jackson doesn't believe babies take enough exercise.【小题4】Ms. Jackson encourages parents to take exercise with their babies.【小题5】Though we don’t know if the exercise will have any effect on children future development, some mothers have already taken their children to exercise.

阅读表达(计10分)A recent survey found that only 9 percent of teens in the United States smoke cigarettes(香烟). That’s down from 23 percent in 2000. While this is good news for the US’s overall health, tobacco(烟草)use is still a problems.Cigarettes can cause many diseases. Although they know about the health problems, teenagers still smoke. According to the American Lung Association(美国肺病协会), every day almost 3,900 children under 18 years of age try their first cigarette, and more than 950 of them will become daily smokers. If it goes on like this, 5.8 million children alive today will die as a result of smoking.The Truth Campaign is working to end teenage smoking. Their latest activities uses social media(媒体) to remind teenagers of the dangers of smoking. “If we all join forces, smokers and non-smokers, we can end smoking once and for all,” the campaign website explained. The campaign encourages teens to learn the facts. “ We are not here to criticize(批评)your choices, or tell you not to smoke. We are here to arm everyone, smokers and non-smokers, with the tools to make change,” they say.根据短文内容，回答问题：(答案不超过5个单词)【小题1】According to the survey, how many American teenagers smoked in 2000?______________________________________________________________【小题2】What can cigarettes cause?______________________________________________________________【小题3】What do almost 3900 children under 18 years of age do according to the association?______________________________________________________________【小题4】What’s the aim of the Truth Campaign?______________________________________________________________【小题5】What does the campaign encourage teens to do ?______________________________________________________________

On Thursday October 3, Adam Harper decided to stop drinking coffee. Adam is a MBA student at Harvard University. He studies long hours, gets very little sleep and as a result, he drinks a lot of coffee---anywhere from five to six cups a day. Recently, Adam felt that drinking thus much coffee was making it hard for him to sleep at all. He also began having problems with his concentration(注意力), and complained of stomachaches. Adam’s doctor made this suggestions: stop drinking coffee altogether.When Adam got up on October 3, he began his day without his morning coffee. By 11:00 a.m., Adam was in a terrible mood (情绪). He was tired and had a headache. At 11:30, he had a meeting with his student advisor. In the meeting, he found it almost impossible to continue. What was going on?Caffeine, a chemical found in coffee, was most likely the reason for how Adam felt. Caffeine is a stimulant that boosts(增加) energy levels and improves concentration- but only for a short time. Lowering caffeine consumption(减少摄取咖啡因) often causes a drop in blood pressure and the result is a “coffee headache”, People who stop drinking coffee often say they feel tired and moody, and find it hard to focus.The good news is that these feeling usually pass after four and five days. During this time, doctors suggested taking some aspirin for the headache. So, if Adam can wait, in less than a week, he may be feeling much better.【小题1】We learn from the reading Adam_________.

Yoga（瑜伽）is a kind of sport. It is very popular around the world now. Everyone, young and old can do yoga. It’s good for both men andwomen.Why do people like yoga? There’s a short answer and a long answer to that question. The short answer is that yoga makes you feel better and make you healthier in body, mind and spirit.There’s more about the answer if you are interested.Yoga began in India about 5,000 years ago. At that time, people wanted to be free, healthy and live a long life, so this kind of exercise was born. The early yoga was part of a religion (宗教). It was usually taught one to one—one teacher with one student. Yoga is an Indian word that means “to join together”. There are three parts of yoga altogether: exercise, breathing and meditation (沉思). In the past, people paid more attention to the spirit. The idea be­hind the exercise was to join the mind, body and spirit as one. Yoga can give you peace, help you feel relaxed, and have fewer worries and illnesses.【小题1】What is yoga?A. An old Indian sport.B. A European game.C. A popular idea.【小题2】Which of the following is true?A. Yoga is good only for women.B. Anyone can practise yoga.C. Yoga can bring the world peace.【小题3】Why do people like yoga?A. Because it helps you work more quickly.B. Because it is part of the real religion.C. Because it is good for one’s health.【小题4】In the past one yoga teacher taught _______.A. only one studentB. a class of many studentsC. men and women together【小题5】The three parts of yoga are________.A. mind, body, and spiritB. exercise, breathing and thinkingC. having peace, feeling relaxed, and being healthy

Practicing yoga(瑜伽) is a helpful. popular way to keep fit. It has many followers around the world. There are many kinds of yoga. You may have heard of “hot yoga” before. Now. in India. a new kind of yoga. water yoga. is becoming more and more popular among the local people.In the city of Agra. people practice yoga in water. It is more difficult to practice yoga in water than on land. But practicing yoga in water can be good for your flexibility (灵活性).Harish Chaturvedi. a lawyer. teaches people water yoga for free—even the poor people can learn from him. “Water yoga can become more popular than other kind of yoga. because the body does not get tired so quickly.” he said. “Everybody can learn to swim. but if they learn yoga at the same time. they will never feel tired.”“The level of Oxygen(氧气) is very high in water. and you will not have any breathing problem.” he added.Harish believes that water yoga really helps people to keep away from illness. He mainly trains children. He has classes at the swimming pool of a local sports room regularly. Many children are interested in it and come to learn from him.“Harish is very good at performing yoga in water.” said Sudhir Narayan. a water yoga student. “He is teaching children free of cost and that is a very good thing.”【小题1】What is Harish Chaturvedi?

A．A teacher.' O" Y/ S1 I% C. S

B．A lawyer.' f+ [! I) C0 d

C．A doctor.5 ?* b9 [ I) d& P5 [! L# ^2 Y4 `

D．A swimmer.% Y1 S' P# X+ C; J7 d

【小题2】Why is water yoga more popular than others?A. Because you can learn to swim at the same time.B. Because you don’t get tired so quickly.C. Because it can keep people fat.D. Both A and B.【小题3】The underlined phrase “for free” in the passage means _______.

There are four people in my family．They’re my grandfather，my parents and me．My grandfather exercises every day．He never uses the Internet．He eats vegetables three times a day，but he hardly ever drinks milk．And he watches TV every night．My father is fl taxi driver．He’s very busy．He never exercises，but he sometimes uses the Internet．He watches TV on Saturday and Sunday evening．He often eats vegetables and drinks milk．My mother is a housewife（家庭主妇）．She watches TV twice a day．She never uses the Internet．She sometimes eats vegetables，but she drinks milk three times a week．Exercise? Of course she does．She exercises every day by doing house-work．I’m fl middle school student．I go to school from Monday to Friday．I often exercise．But on Saturday and Sunday，I don’t exercise because I have too much homework to do．I watch TV only on Sunday evening．But I use the Internet twice a week．I drink milk every day，but I don’t like vegetables．My mother often says to me，“Why do you eat so much meat，Mike? It’s not good for your health．”But I like it very much．【小题1】________ sometimes use the Internet in his family．

If the rose can be said to be a special flower, then the apple can be said to be a special fruit. It is very important in American culture. American stories speak of Johnny Appleseed, who went throughout America collecting apple seeds and planting apple trees. He had a great love for nature and went through fields and farms adding richness and beauty to the country.One of the first sayings taught to school children is, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” This short saying encourages children to eat fresh fruit to keep healthy. If someone always says good words to a person, people will call him an “apple polisher”. This, however, is not a good name. If someone is very dear to us, we say that he or she is the “apple of our eye”.Most people believe that the fruit which Eve gave to Adam was an apple, even though the Bible(圣经) never says so. The apple, therefore, is a deep part of the language and stories of America.An apple is also delicious. Apples can be cooked in many ways, used as a dessert, and made into sweet juice.In many parts of the country during the harvest season, a popular activity is to go into an apple garden to pick apples. Washington, D. C. and New York are both famous fortheir apples.Finally, when it’s time to take a vacation to American cities, one can always visit New York, which is “the biggest apple” of all the American cities.【小题1】What does the underlined phrase “apple polisher” mean?

A．Something for cutting apples.$ Z& S' `* G8 X

B．A person who likes to please others.* M. Z7 M4 W% T! a0 b1 D

C．A person who is dealing with fruits.5 I, X, W6 g; U9 B0 S

D．A machine for cleaning apples quickly.8 Z: A# j$ T3 W: A* f+ T" I

【小题2】“An apple a day keeps the doctor away” is a proverb about ____________.