Bipolar disorder preceded by substance abuse: a different phenotype with not so poor outcome?

@article{Pacchiarotti2009BipolarDP,
title={Bipolar disorder preceded by substance abuse: a different phenotype with not so poor outcome?},
author={Isabella Pacchiarotti and Silvia Di Marzo and Francesco Colom and J Sanchez-Moreno and Eduard Vieta},
journal={The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry},
year={2009},
volume={10 3},
pages={209-16}
}

BACKGROUND
The co-occurrence of bipolar disorder and substance use is frequent. The question whether substance use precedes, induces or follows bipolar disorder is still unresolved. Substance use has been typically represented as a negative prognostic factor for the clinical course of bipolar illness and it has been associated with decreased compliance and treatment resistance. To extend these previous findings we examined the clinical course and outcome of patients with bipolar disorder I or… CONTINUE READING