To assess the long-term outcomes of tension-free vaginal tape obturator (inside-out) (TVTO) with or without anterior colporrhaphy.

The present prospective follow-up observational study included patients attending the 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, Greece, between April 3 and December 20, 2017, for follow-up care after treatment for urodynamic stress urinary incontinence (USUI) with or without cystocele.