Maybe. Depending on the size of the post office, it may be sorted by machine (which looks for the zip code and sorts by it) or it may be sorted by a person who could decide to sent it to the zip code or could decide to send it to the city. At any point between where you mailed it and their mailbox someone could decide to reject and return it to you.

Or they could ignore the city and delivered based on the sip code.
Or they could ignore the zip, try to deliver to the city and have it rejected and returned.

Hopefully you put a "return address" on it. If they are unable to deliver it, they will return it to you and you can re-mail with the corrected address.

If you did not put a return address, it will go into a "dead letter" pile and never be seen again.