This study is an attempt to develop an integrated methodology to predict the impact of the Caspian Sea on flooding using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and hydrodynamic modeling. A rise in the sea level might lead to major flooding events, and have a severe impact on the spatial development of cities and regions. The feasibility of simulating a flood event along a drain channel is evaluated near residential development areas along the Chapakroud drain. The results of the study show that about 2 km of the drain embankments would be influenced by changes in sea water levels. For elevations of –23 m and –24 m, the maximum depths of water in the drain are 3.95 m and 2.94 m. The tail of the backwater reaches 3465 m and 2390 m, respectively, leading to flooded areas of 35.97 ha and 12.88 ha. The study shows that at these elevations environmental and social problems arise with regards to the drain. The results also indicate that GIS is an effective tool for floodplain visualization and analysis. It should be noted that the mixture of salt and soft water, as a result of rising sea water level, is a problem that was not investigated in this study and should be examined in the future.

An intermolecular Ugi reaction of 2–(1–(aminomethyl)cyclohexyl)acetic acid (gabapentin) with glyoxal and cyclohexyl isocyanide and tertbutyl isocyanide under mild conditions in ethanol has been developed to produce a novel class of...

A facile one–pot method with good yield for the synthesis of 2,4–dichloroquinoline and some related new derivatives by condensation of the appropriate primary aromatic amine with malonic acid in presence of excess phosphorus oxychloride is described.

Benzazolo [2,1–b]quinazolinones and triazolo[2,1–b]quinazolinones were synthesized in high yields by the condensation reaction of an aldehyde and a cyclic β–diketone with 2 – aminobenzimidazole, 2 – aminobenzothiazole or 1, 2, 4 – triazole...

La(OAc)3 has been used as an efficient catalytic system for the synthesis of quinoxalines. This method provides several advantages over methods that are currently employed such as a simple work–up, mild reaction conditions, good to excellent yields,...

Here, the site effects of seismic hazard zonation of urban areas on the ground motions and earth deformations is studied in Shahrekord. The main purpose is zoning the geological engineering features and assessing the seismicity of the region. In this...