Change in Mental Health-related Quality of Life From Baseline to 24 Weeks [ Time Frame: Baseline, 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

Mental health-related quality of life is measured by the Short Form-12 Mental Component Score (SF-12 MCS). The SF-12 MCS is a 6-item scale that assesses mental health-related quality of life. Each question provides the option of 2-6 answers. Some questions are Yes/No (2 options), while others ask how often something occurs (6 options, etc.). Scores are calculated using a formula and can range from 0 to 100. A score of 50 indicates average mental health-related quality of life. Higher scores represent higher than average mental health-related quality of life, and lower scores represent lower mental health-related quality of life.

Depression symptoms measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The PHQ-9 is a 9-item scale that measures depression severity. Each question asks how often the subject experiences symptoms of depression and offers four answers: 0 = Not at all, 1 = Several days, 2 = More than half the days, 3 = Nearly every day. Scores are totaled and range from 0-27. To be considered depressed, subjects had to (a) have a total score of 10 or more, (b) answer five questions with a score of 2 or 3, and (c) one of the five questions had to be question 1 or question 2 (or both). Anyone who did not meet these criteria were not considered depressed.

Anxiety symptoms measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - Anxiety Subscale (HADS-A). The HADS-A is a 7-item scale used to measure anxiety severity. Each question asks about a specific symptom of anxiety and offers four answers: 0 = Never / Not at all, 1 = A little / Time to time, 2 = Quite often / Usually, 3 = Most of the time / Very often. Scores are totaled and range from 0-21. A higher score means more anxiety.

Rate of Adequate Treatment of Depression and/or Anxiety Symptoms 5 Days After Enrollment [ Time Frame: 5 days after enrollment ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

Adequate treatment was defined as:

(1) Prescription of a standard dose of an established first-line treatment for depression, generalized anxiety disorder, or panic disorder, and/or (2) referral to evidence-based psychotherapy (either to an outside mental health provider or a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy workbook in the Collaborative Care arm of the study).

Patients already engaged in #1 and/or #2 at the time of enrollment had a different process. Subjects must have been engaged in at least 4 weeks of treatment prior to enrollment while still meeting criteria for the disorder. For this population, adequate treatment was defined as:

Adherence to health behaviors is measured with the Medical Outcome Study Specific Adherence Scale (MOS-SAS). The MOS-SAS is a 3-item scale used to assess medication adherence, physical activity adherence, and diet adherence. Each question asks how often the subject adheres to the behavior, providing the following options: 1 = None of the time, 2 = A little of the time, 3 = Some of the time, 4 = A good bit of the time, 5 = Most of the time, 6 = All of the time. Scores are totaled and range from (3 to 18). A low score indicates poorer adherence to healthy behaviors.

Number of Rehospitalizations From Baseline to 24 Weeks [ Time Frame: 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

The number of rehospitalizations from baseline to 24 weeks was measured by contacting subjects' medical providers at 24 weeks and by asking subjects about rehospitalizations during each follow-up phone call.

Health status measured by the Euro Quality of Life-5 Domain (EQ5D). The EQ5D is a 5-item scale that assesses quality of life. Each question asks about difficulties with certain areas of health (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression) and offer three possible answers: No problems, Moderate problems, Extreme problems. Scores can range from 0.000-1.000, with lower scores indicating less quality of life, and higher scores indicating higher quality of life.

Physical function is measured with the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI). The DASI is a 12-item scale that measures physical function. Each question asks about whether the subject can complete a physical activity and are given the following options: Scores range from 0 to 58.2. Lower scores indicate lower levels of physical function.

Change in Physical Health-related Quality of Life From Baseline to 24 Weeks [ Time Frame: Baseline, 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

Physical health-related quality of life is measured with the Short Form-12 Physical Component Score (SF-12 PCS). The SF-12 PCS a 6-item scale that assesses physical health-related quality of life. Each question provides the option of 2-6 answers. Some questions are Yes/No (2 options), while others ask how often something occurs (6 options, etc.). Scores are calculated using a formula and can range from 0 to 100. A score of 50 indicates average physical health-related quality of life. Higher scores represent higher than average physical health-related quality of life, and lower scores represent lower physical health-related quality of life.

Mental health-related quality of life [ Time Frame: at 6, 12, 18, and 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

MCS score on SF-12

Current Other Outcome Measures ICMJE

Not Provided

Original Other Outcome Measures ICMJE

Not Provided

Descriptive Information

Brief Title ICMJE

A Collaborative Care Program to Improve Treatment of Depression and Anxiety Disorders in Cardiac Patients

Official Title ICMJE

A Collaborative Care Program to Improve Treatment of Depression and Anxiety Disorders in Cardiac Patients (MOSAIC)

Brief Summary

For this trial, the investigators propose a prospective trial of a collaborative care program to identify and treat depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and panic disorder among patients admitted to the hospital for an acute cardiac illness (acute coronary syndrome, congestive heart failure, or arrhythmia). Such assessment and treatment for depression/generalized anxiety disorder/panic disorder will begin in the hospital, and ongoing management will continue for six months following discharge.

The investigators hypothesize that this model will lead to increased treatment rates, improved mood, reduced anxiety, and improved medical outcomes in this vulnerable population. If this model is effective, it could be implemented clinically to provide better and more complete care to patients hospitalized with acute cardiac illness, for whom depression and anxiety may be a risk factor for complications and death.

This will be a two-arm, single-blind randomized controlled trial, with one-half of patients randomized to collaborative care and one-half randomized to the control condition (usual care). Psychiatric treatment in the intervention arm will be provided in concert with patients' primary care physicians—with primary care physicians prescribing all medications—within a framework supervised by a psychiatrist.

The investigators will enroll patients who have any (or all) of the three included psychiatric diagnoses to improve the utility of the intervention. The investigators have chosen to enroll patients with several different cardiac diagnoses. This will allow the researchers to include patients with heterogeneous diagnoses and illness severity to determine if our intervention is effective in a broad population of patients with heart disease. The investigators will study an intervention targeting depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and panic disorder: all three disorders are disabling and associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, treatments for the conditions are highly similar, the investigators can treat patients who have more than one disorder, and a prior outpatient program successfully simultaneously addressed more than one mental health condition.

The project will involve: (1) screening patients for depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and panic disorder as part of usual clinical care, (2) evaluation of positive-screen patients by a study social work care manager, (3) a multicomponent in-hospital intervention (for collaborative care patients) that involves patient education, specialist-provided treatment recommendations, and a goal of in-hospital treatment initiation, and (4), after discharge, continued phone-based evaluation and care coordination with primary care physicians to provide stepwise treatment in the collaborative care arm. The intervention has been designed to be low-cost, low-burden, and easily generalizable to other settings.

Study care manager provides education and coordinates treatment between study psychiatrist, patient, and primary medical physician. This occurs in the hospital and by phone after discharge. Care manager may also provide phone-based therapy.

Intervention: Other: Collaborative care

Placebo Comparator: Usual care

Patient's physicians are informed of diagnosis of depression/anxiety disorder