What hormone of pregnancy is associated with the development of insulin resistance in the mother?

human placental lactogen

Physiologic Changes of Pregnancy:

Erythropoietin levels

increases

Physiologic Changes of Pregnancy:

Heart Rate

Stroke volume

increases from 70-85 bpm

increases

Physiologic Changes of Pregnancy:

peripheral resistance

DECREASES

Physiologic Changes of Pregnancy:

Maternal cerebral blood flow

UNCHANGED

At what week gestation is an ultrasound most accurate?

measuring crown rump length at 5-12 weeks GA

What is the relative beta hCG level at the following weeks GA?

4 wk
6 wk
10 wk
2nd and 3rd trimester

1000
10,000
100,000
15,000-25,000

A laceration that tears through the anal sphincter is classified as what degree laceration?

3rd degree

What is the average blood loss for:

Vaginal delivery

C-section

500 mL

1000 mL

Mandatory resuscitation of a newly delivered infant is necessary when the APGAR score is what?

3 or less

What interventions are necessary in a newly delivered infant with an APGAR score of 7 or greater?

None! Place the baby on the warmer.

What is the most common neurologic sequelae of eclampsia?

Hemipareisis - it often involves the middle cerebral artery

Name some common causes of 3rd trimester bleeding

placenta previa - must do a c-section!
Abruption
Vasa previa - must do c-section!
Labor with bloody show
Low lying placenta
Trauma
Sexual intercourse - semen contains prostaglandins that can lead to uterine contractions and thinning of the cervix

A placenta that grows through the uterus

placenta percreta

A placenta that imbeds into the myometrium

plaenta increta

A placenta that imbeds through the decidua

placenta accreta - the most common form of abnormal placentation

What is Asherman syndrome?

formation of intrauterine adhesions which typically result from scars that develop after uterine surgery.

Name some common causes of postpartum hemorrhage

overdistended uterus (twins, macrosomnia, polyhydraminos)

prolonged labor

chorioamnionitis

precipitous labor

Early decelerations are commonly caused by?

fetal head compression

Variable decelerations are commonly caused by?

Compression of the umbilical cord - often due to a change in maternal position

Late decelerations are commonly caused by?

acute placental insufficiency

When should RhoGAM be given to a mother susceptible to isoimmunization?

At 28 weeks GA and postpartum

What is the most common cause for a uterine rupture?

90% of cases are due to a prior uterine scar, such as from a C-section or other uterine surgery

Presentation: sudden onset of intense abdominal pain

Premature separation of the normally implanted placenta from the uterine wall

Placental abruption (abruptio placentae)

50% of cases occur before labor and after 30 weeks GA

Name some predisposing factors that increase a woman's chance of having a placental abruption: