BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is common in pregnancy. The cause is multifactorial, including a decreased or transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation, increased intra-abdominal pressure, and gastrointestinal motility disturbances. AIMS: Evaluate the incidence of GERD in pregnancy and assess predictors and predisposing factors. METHOD: This is a secondary analysis of ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of intimate partner violence (IPV) against pregnant women on subsequent perpetration of child abuse and neglect (CAN) by parents; and to test the mediation effect of recent IPV on the link between IPV during pregnancy and subsequent CAN. METHODS: This study was a longitudinal follow-up ...

BACKGROUND: Life expectancy of patients with glycogen storage disease (GSD) type I has improved considerably, opening new problems correlated with adult age. In females polycystic ovaries (PCOs) has been described as frequently associated with the disease, however successful pregnancies have been reported. Whether or not GSD I is associated with ...

Impedance cardiography (ICG) has been proposed to estimate the stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) in various medical indications. The aim of this study was to explore the reliability of ICG during pregnancy with respect to SV and CO measurements. Blood pressure, heart rate and thoracic impedance were monitored ...

Women of child bearing age that regularly drink alcohol are at risk for drinking in early pregnancy. Evidence indicates a majority of women stop alcohol consumption on pregnancy recognition. However, there is a dearth of studies reporting on patterns and correlates of drinking in early pregnancy prior to stopping on ...

RATIONALE: Some women with epilepsy stop or decrease their antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy during pregnancy because they fear fetal effects of the therapy. This places the patient and her fetus at risk for potential adverse outcomes due to increased seizure activity. The rationale of this behavior is not completely understood ...

Pregnancy occurs rarely in patients with Cushing syndrome (CS) due to hypercortisolism. So far, about 150 cases of CS in pregnancy have been reported in the literature. We describe a 22-year-old female who presented in pregnancy with clinical features of CS. She delivered at 34 weeks of gestation and baby ...

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a rare condition that affects women of childbearing age with important implications in pregnancy. It is characterised by low immunoglobulins (Igs), poor antibody response and a susceptibility to recurrent infections. The cornerstone of management of CVID is Ig replacement. As the transfer of IgG across ...

Objective: Since 1954, over 14 000 women have given birth after having had an organ transplantation. Unfortunately, some women and physicians remain misinformed about the feasibility and outcomes of pregnancy post transplantation. Our primary objective was to assess their perceptions and difficulties with regard to becoming pregnant. Our secondary objectives ...

Objective: Although anti-D prophylaxis has greatly reduced the rate of Rh-immunization, there remain women who sensitize during or after pregnancy because of inadequate prophylaxis. The purpose of this study was to compare adherence to prophylaxis recommendations for antenatal and postnatal anti-D immunoglobulin administration. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study ...

ATLANTIC DIP prospectively evaluated the perinatal and maternal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes during 2006/2007 in 5 antenatal centres. All women with established diabetes for at least 6 months prior to the index pregnancy and booking for antenatal care between 1/1/2006 and 31/12/2007 were ...

PURPOSE: It is aimed to determine the Rubella and CMV prevalence in the pregnant women in Izmir and to research the effect of these infections on the course of pregnancy in the pregnant women exposed to infection during pregnancy. METHODS: The pregnant women applied to pregnancy outpatient department during 2001-2008 ...

The course of asthma during pregnancy may be affected by maternal physiological changes and triggers of asthma such as viral infections, exposure to allergens, and nonadherence with therapy. If asthma is uncontrolled, there are recognized harmful effects not only to the mother but also to the fetus. However, with effective ...

: To estimate if reduced capillary density (ie, capillary rarefaction) precedes the onset of preeclampsia and if it could play a role in its pathogenesis. Capillary rarefaction is a consistent finding in essential hypertension. : In this longitudinal cohort study, we recruited 322 consecutive white women, of whom 305 women ...

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) constitute a major public health problem in the UK and may result in very costly complications. Many STIs pose the risk of a number of adverse pregnancy outcomes including miscarriage, still birth, preterm delivery, low birth weight and ophthalmia neonatorum. National guidelines for the management of ...

To compare the effect of both maternal rest and activity on the amniotic fluid index (AFI). Power analysis indicated that in order to achieve 20 mm of increase in AFI with 90% of power at one side alpha of 0.01, we needed at least 51 women in each group. The ...

Objective: To provide information regarding the management of group B streptococcal (GBS) bacteriuria to midwives, nurses, and physicians who are providing obstetrical care. Outcomes: The outcomes considered were neonatal GBS disease, preterm birth, pyelonephritis, chorioamnionitis, and recurrence of GBS colonization. Evidence: Medline, PubMed, and the Cochrane database were searched for ...

To describe pregnancy intention and contraceptive use among women with a recent delivery that occurred at 35 weeks gestation or fewer and who were enrolled in a large-scale randomized control trial. In this descriptive study we used data from assessments conducted at 6 months postpartum as part of a randomized ...

Objectives- This study aimed to determine the frequency of a persistent yolk sac in pregnancies at 12 to 13 weeks and to investigate whether a persistent yolk sac is associated with an adverse gestational outcome. Methods- This study reviewed a total of 282 women who had normal singleton pregnancies with ...

Objective: To determine what proportion of placentas described as low lying or marginal at the mid-pregnancy ultrasound examination are still so described in the third trimester, necessitating delivery by Caesarean section. Methods: A retrospective chart review of all women delivering at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS) from April ...

Endocrine changes occurring during pregnancy result in increased laxity of the ligaments of the foot. This may lead to gradual collapse of the foot arches. The aim of the study was to determine whether pregnancy and body mass index (BMI) had a role in affecting the foot arches at long ...

Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in women with pre-gestational diabetes over 6 years. The ATLANTIC Diabetes in Pregnancy group represents 5 antenatal centres along the Irish Atlantic seaboard, providing care for women with diabetes throughout pregnancy. In 2007 the group published a report that recognised that women were poorly prepared ...

To investigate the effects of raised maternal BMI on pregnancy outcome in glucose tolerant women, using the IADPSG criteria. Prospective observational study of fetal and maternal outcome in a cohort of pregnant women recruited to a universal screening programme for gestational diabetes under the ATLANTIC-DIP partnership. Maternal outcomes included glucose, ...

Although Diclectin (doxylamine/pyridoxine delayed-released combination) is widely used in Canada, its pharmacokinetics (PK) during pregnancy has never been described. The objective of this study was to compare the PK of doxylamine/pyridoxine delayed-released combination in pregnant versus nonpregnant women. The apparent clearances (CL) of doxylamine and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP; the active ...

Pregnancy brings about a complex series of physiological changes for women. A tumor-like gingival enlargement can occur during pregnancy. The size of the tumor generally increases gradually over a few months as the pregnancy progresses, then shrinks spontaneously after delivery. This case report describes a case of gingival swelling in ...

Objectives- The purpose of this study was to show the relationship between amniotic fluid volume changes and the duration of maternal rest in the left lateral decubitus position. Methods- Pregnant women (n = 34) with an amniotic fluid index between 6 and 24 cm and an uncomplicated singleton pregnancy at ...

Cardiac disease in pregnancy is a common problem in under-resourced countries and a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. A large proportion of patients with cardiac disease have prosthetic mechanical heart valve replacements, warranting prophylactic anticoagulation. To evaluate obstetric outcomes in women with prosthetic heart valves in an under-resourced ...

Unfortunately the risks associated with pregnancy in a woman with Diabetes (Type 1 and Type 2) continue to be high. However these risks can be reduced significantly with pregnancy planning and pre-pregnancy care. We report here the establishment of a regional pre pregnancy service and the interim results of its ...

Pregnancy is a period that places great physiological stress on both the mother and the fetus. When pregnancy is compounded by endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism, the potential for maternal and fetal adverse outcomes can be immense. While a lot of attention has been focused on the adverse fetal outcomes ...

Background:Several reports have suggested that propylthiouracil (PTU) may be safer than methimazole (MMI) for treating thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy because congenital malformations have been associated with the use of MMI during pregnancy.Objectives:We investigated whether in utero exposure to antithyroid drugs resulted in a higher rate of major malformations than among the ...

This study examined the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and unintended pregnancy using data from women reporting IPV in the 2007 Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey. The analysis included 4,695 married women, aged 15 to 40 years, who had at least one birth in the last 5 years. Bivariate and ...

Progesterone is an essential hormone in the occurence and maintenance of pregnancy. Natural or synthetic progestogens are commonly used in pregnant patients or patients undergoing infertility treatments for various indications. Most frequently put indications for the use of progestogens in these patient populations are the prevention of spontaneous preterm birth, ...

A great number of newborns with spina bifida now survive with a growing life expectancy. Support with regard to sexual issues is essential in the management of adolescents with spina bifida, who require specific knowledge of sexual problems related to their disability. Women with spina bifida are usually fertile and ...

Untreated hypothyroidism can lead to ovulatory dysfunction resulting in oligo-amenorrhea. Treatment with levothyroxine can reverse such dysfunction and thus should improve fertility. The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess whether in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy rates differ in levothyroxine-treated women with hypothyroidism compared to women without thyroid dysfunction/disorders. ...

Preeclampsia (PE) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are two of the most common medical complications of pregnancy, with risks for both mother and child. Like many other antepartum complications, PE and GDM occur only in pregnancy. However, it is not clear if pregnancy itself is the cause of these complications ...

OBJECTIVE: Fetal malposition, specifically occiput posterior and transverse (OP/OT), is associated with higher intra-partum morbidity. We tested the hypothesis that young maternal age and pelvic immaturity are risk factors for fetal malposition. METHODS: In a cohort study of all nulliparous teen (≤18 years) deliveries over a 4-year period at one institution, ...

Objective: To investigate pregnancy outcomes of patients with and without group-B streptococcus (GBS) bacteriuria. Methods: A retrospective study comparing pregnancy outcomes of women with GBS bacteriuria during pregnancy, those with positive GBS vaginal cultures and those without GBS colonization during pregnancy was conducted. Results: A significant linear association was found ...

Objective. To investigate how pregnant women manage their asthma during pregnancy and factors influencing their behavior. Methods. In-depth interviews (telephone or face-to-face) with a purposive sample of 23 asthmatic women at various stages of pregnancy and with varying severity of asthma. Results. Five major themes were discerned relating to health ...

Plasma volume expansion has been associated with fetal growth. Our objective was to examine the associations between maternal nutritional status in early pregnancy and extracellular water (ECW), total body water (TBW), and percentage plasma volume change across pregnancy. In a subsample of 377 pregnant women participating in a cluster-randomized trial ...

Abstract Objectives: To identify predisposing factors of fetal bradycardia following cordocentesis at mid-pregnancy and to compare the pregnancy outcomes to those without bradycardia Methods: All cordocenteses performed at 18-22 weeks of gestation were prospectively enrolled. The inclusion criteria consisted of: 1) singleton pregnancies; 2) no fetal structural or chromosomal abnormalities; ...

INTRODUCTION: Gestational vascular complications (GVC) are a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity which can be potentially reduced by LMWH. Microparticles (MPs) are involved in thrombosis and inflammation. However, characterization and role of MPs in GVC have not been elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MPs were isolated from non-pregnant women, ...

Abstract Initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in pregnancy is an important intervention to prevent the mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV and to promote maternal health. Early initiation of ART is particularly important to achieve viral suppression rapidly before delivery. However, current approaches to start ART in pregnancy may be problematic ...

Macdonald-Wallis Corrie C Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. - - 2012

We compared patterns of blood pressure (BP) change among normotensive women, women who developed gestational hypertension or preeclampsia, and women who had essential hypertension to examine how distinct these conditions are and whether rates of BP change may help to identify women at risk for hypertensive disorders. We used antenatal ...