Navaratri

Swami Niranjanananda Saraswati

Navaratri is one of the most ancient methods of recognizing the force,
the shakti, the power and wisdom of God. There has been much speculation
about who or what God is. However, while everyone claims to speak the
truth, very few can claim to see the truth.

We all have a body but also inherent in the body is the force or shakti.
Where does the strength come from when you have to win a 100 metre sprint,
or need to lift a 100 kilos on your shoulders? That strength is contained
in the body. When the energy in the body is focused, it is recognized
as strength. Similarly, when the energy of God is focused, when the three
qualities of omniscience, omnipresence and omnipotence are focused, what
manifests at the point of focus is creation, shakti. Just as the coming
together of the energy in your body is known as strength, similarly, the
coming together of the shakti, the energy of God, is the expression of
God's focus. It is here that the motherly nature, the creatrix, is perceived
as one of the multifaceted personalities of God.

Being inherent in the body, this strength is therefore no different to
the body. So it is visualized as the life force, the life principle. There
is a saying that God sleeps in minerals, opens the eyes in trees, walks
in animals and thinks in human beings. So, if the God within us is wisdom,
knowing when to step forward and when to step back, without arrogance,
then by being that we can worship the cosmic nature, the Cosmic Mother.

The nine day sadhana of Navaratri is an age-old practice of worshipping
the cosmic nature, the Cosmic Mother, the lone of creation. After all,
who can judge whether God is male or female? How can one know the true
Self? Whatever is known, there is another layer behind it. It is like
peeling an onion-all you will find is another layer. Being transcendental,
God is incomprehensible through the intellect. Therefore, predominantly
intellectual people think that God-realization is only a mental fantasy.
But people with heart, with feeling, have the conviction and the faith
to know that they can find and experience God in their lives. They gain
strength from bhakti. Bhakti is opening up of the heart and becoming one
with the energy of the environment. When you spend time with someone you
love very deeply, there is a total merger of awareness. It is possible
to lose the concept of time when there is that feeling of happiness, contentment
and euphoria. It is the same when that energy is channeled, guided and
directed towards the force of creation, which is known as shakti.

Navaratri chants

Saundarya Lahari, the thirty-two names of Durga and all the other Navaratri
chants and practices are designed to awaken the human psyche. Just as
there is a mental level, an emotional level, a pranic level and a physical
level, so there is a vibratory level to our life as well. This vibratory
level is the most subtle of the bodies and the only thing it responds
to is frequency. Mantras create such frequencies in the body, in the personality,
which stimulate and awaken the subtle personality.

This opening up of the subtle personality is also opening up of the heart.
Logic governs life up to a point. After logic, buddhi, comes faith, bhavana,
and after faith comes fusion, tadatmya. When this fusion takes place in
us at a subtle psychic level, a spiritual level, we become more sensitive
to the universe, life, spirit, creation. We learn to live life in a more
responsible way, appreciating and applying the wisdom that has been gained
through the ages. Mantras are definitely the keys to finding this inner
awakening.

Durga Saptashati

The Durga mantras are very powerful tantric mantras. In the Hindu tradition,
Durga Saptashati is chanted during Navaratri. It is a tantric work that
describes the awakening or coming alive of Durga. Once upon a time there
was a major war between the gods and the demons. The demons had gained
the upper hand and the gods were losing. Instead of peace and harmony,
chaos and struggle prevailed. The gods went to the trinity, Brahma, Vishnu,
and Shiva, and told them of their woe. The three gods became very angry
and from each of their bodies emerged a point of light, a flame of light,
which fused and became one. From that luminosity Devi emerged in the form
of Durga. The name 'Durga' means remover of durgati, the negative states
and conditions in life. Durga fought the demons, as atmashakti, the force
of the spirit, and was victorious, establishing a kingdom of peace, prosperity,
joy, well-being and happiness.

So Durga Saptashati is a narrative of the history of Durga, of the Cosmic
Mother who manifested in order to destroy evil. It is a symbol of the
war between good and bad that is fought in everyone's life, with the truth
always prevailing. Tantra is a subject in which every kind of thought
exists, accepting and rejecting at the same time. Tantra always pushes
one to go beyond logic and beyond feeling. The Durga mantras evoke that
kind of inner response, filling you with courage and inner strength to
overcome and transform the negative, restricting, limiting destructive
forces in your life.

Rama and Navaratri

Navaratri is also associated with Rama. Rama personified the highest
ideals that an individual can attain. The story of Rama is contained in
the Ramayana, written by Valmiki, and the Ramacharitamanas, by Tulsidas.
Rama was an historical figure, a reality which later became a myth.

The story of Rama is a very simple one. He was born to a king who was
old and had three wives. The king's name was Dasharatha. Das means 'ten',
rath means 'chariot', so Dasharatha means the chariot pulled by ten horses.
Our bodies are that chariot and the ten horses are the ten senses. Within
the body there are certain inherent desires. The spiritual traditions
have classified human desires into three groups: (i) lokeshana, the need
for recognition, (ii) viteshana, the need for security, social, financial,
etc., and (iii) uptreshana, the desire for progeny. So recognition, security
and progeny are the three classifications of desires. Some people have
one, some have two, some have all three, but there is something all the
time.

The birth of Rama

In the body of King Dasharatha, the chariot pulled by ten horses, the
desire for offspring was predominant. So Dasharatha went to a yogi, asking
for the fulfillment of his desire, and the yogi performed a yajna, which
created the right ambience. As the outcome of the yajna, Rama was born
to Dasharatha's first wife, Kaushalya, who represents the sattwic nature.
Bharata was born to the second wife, Kaikeyi, who represents the tamasic
nature, and Lakshman a and Shatrughna, the twins, were born to the third
wife, Sumitra, who represents the rajasic nature.

The body of the ten senses also has three wives - sattwa, rajas and tamas.
When we are under the sway of a particular wife or husband, our responses
become like that - sattwic, rajasic or tamasic. Rama was born from sattwa,
Bharata from tamas, and Lakshmana and Shatrughna from rajas. This is how
the birth of Rama took place. The pure consciousness will only come down
in sattwa.

In the course of time Rama married Sita. Rama represents the pure Self
and Sita represents the individual self. The marriage represents the union
of the individual with the cosmic, with pure consciousness.

The exile of Rama

King Dasharatha came under the sway of Kaikeyi, the tamasic wife, who
wanted to send Rama into exile. Only tamas would want to send the pure
consciousness away, because in the presence of pure consciousness tamas
cannot exist. So Rama was sent into exile. The pure consciousness is sent
away from the body under the sway of tamas. When God leaves the body,
who also leaves along with God? When the loved one leaves the room, the
lover will also leave the room. So both Sita and Rama leave. Although
the exile only applied to Rama, Sita decided she would not stay behind
because she couldn't live without Rama. So for a good thirteen years Rama
and Sita had a great time in the forest. The beloved and the lover, the
pure Self and the individual self, were together consorting happily with
each other.

Now the king had to die, because the individual spirit had left, and
tamas had overpowered the king. With the departure of that inherent God,
the pure consciousness, and the individual consciousness, the body of
the ten senses dies.

The separation of Rama and Sita

Meanwhile Rama and Sita were enjoying each other's company in the forest,
admiring each other and being happy with each other. Now, if these two
are together, if the individual sell, the confined, finite self, is with
the cosmic Self, how can there be creation? The finite self has to be
brought back down to our level, into the body of the ten senses again.
In order to achieve this the ten-headed monster named Dashanam appeared
on the scene. Dashanam means ten heads. The head represents the ego of
the senses. The ten heads are the five karmendriyas, the organs of action,
and the five jnanendriyas, the organs of cognition. Each one has its own
ego, so it is identified as the ten heads. It is these indriyas or senses
which now have to capture that individual self away from God.

What was the object of attraction sent to lure Sita away? A golden deer.
The pure consciousness knows very well that, as God, it has created everything
in the world except a golden deer. Rama knew that it was an illusion,
that it was foul play. But Rama, the pure consciousness, also has to play
a role which is known as lila. He indulges in this lila in order to manage
the ego of the senses and also to uplift the positive qualities and create
a balance. So he agrees to get the golden deer for Sita, the individual
consciousness.

As Rama went after the golden deer, the ten-headed monster, Ravana, came
and captured Sita and took her to his city of Lanka. Lanka was a city
of gold, which again represents ego. Sita was placed in a garden known
as Ashokavatika, the place where sadness can never enter. Where is the
place of sadness in our body? The heart. The heart is considered to be
the seat of the individual soul.

In order to discover Sita again, Rama engaged two very important personalities.
One was Hanuman, who represents devotion. In order to bring the individual
consciousness back to the pure Self, devotion is required. Bhakti is the
last transformation in human life in order to experience the divine -
bhakti in its purest form. This is why Hanuman was the one who discovered
Sita.

Rescuing Sita

In order to rescue Sita, Rama went to Lanka, which indicates that the
pure consciousness has come down to the level of the human experience.
It is said that if God is at all hungry, he is only yearning and experiencing
hunger for your sentiments. God is attained through devotion, though love,
through the qualities of the heart. Therefore, the qualities of the heart
have always been emphasized - be kind, be compassionate, be loving, be
gentle.

A fight then took place between the ten-headed monster Ravana, the ego
of the senses, and Rama, the pure consciousness. Although Rama chopped
off the heads and the arms of this monster many times, they all grew back.
Then another personality, Vibhishana, the brother of Ravana, entered the
scene. Where Ravana represents the rashness of the ego, Vibhishan represents
viveka, the discriminative ability of the intellect. It is this viveka,
right wisdom, who tells Rama, the pure consciousness, that if he wants
to kill that monster, it is no good just playing with the ten heads and
arms as they will grow again. Instead he has to go to the source of their
life.

What is the source of life? Manipura chakra. A baby is connected to the
mother's body by the umbilical cord. Manipura chakra is also the seal
of prana shakti, the life force, which is also .1 very important centre
in kriya yoga and kundalini yoga. Prana is the source of all manifest
creation. So Vibhishana tells Rama to dry up the source so that nothing
will grow again. In the war, Rama shot an arrow into the navel of the
monster Ravana and thru shot ten arrows into Ravana's ten heads. The life
force that is responsible for giving birth to each ego was destroyed,
and the existing ego was destroyed. So Rama was able to reclaim Sita.

According to the myth, the birth of Rama, the cosmic consciousness, takes
place on Ramanavami, the ninth day of Chaitra Navaratri (March/April).
On Vijaya Dashami, the last day of Ashwin Navaratri (September/October),
Rama is victorious over Ravana, and he is able to reclaim and become one
with the individual self. These two events are an indication of what we
can aspire for.

So Navaratri is connected with Rama as well as with Devi, the Cosmic
Mother. Navaratri is an attempt to reconnect with the underlying reality
within, to tune the individual consciousness with the cosmic consciousness,
to redirect life towards the goal of positive evolution.