Sudan is multi-ethnic country of Afro-Arabic region. It has a multilingual and multi cultural society. The location of Sudan is remarkable and it is in Africa’s central part. This makes it a connecting point between Sahara desert and Arab countries. The boarders of this country touch nine different countries. It touches the countries of Central Africa, Northern Africa, Western and eastern Africa. It provides a varied culture along with mixture of trade, social and other human values to this country.

Population of this country is more than 30 million. It has an annual population growth of 2.6%. Density of population is approximately 10 people in a square kilometer. The density of population varies from place to place and the rural population is about twice of inhabitants of urban areas in Sudan. According to various statistics gathered by the population census, it is estimated that female participation also plays an important role in economically developed areas of this country.

There is an unemployment ratio of 15 percent, which is high in comparison to developed country. It has been improved than that of few decades back. Recent amendments in the government policies have caused an increased employment. New industries have been developed, which had provided many opportunities for the people of Sudan. These industries include service industry, transport industry, construction industry and a lot more. Major workforce is employed in agriculture and construction industry.

Agriculture in Sudan is the main source of economy here. It contributes for more than forty-five percent of Gross Domestic Product and eighty five percent of export prior to year 2002. The commodities, which are exported, are livestock’s; this includes about 130 million animals. Majority of these animals are sheep, goats, cattle, camels etc. Apart from this, other commodities like groundnuts, sesame, cotton, fruits, vegetables and Arabic gum are main ingredients for transport. Refined products and natural Gas also makes to this list.

Sudan has abundance of potential minerals like petroleum. This contributes hugely to the country’s economy. It is one of the most important and commercially proven prospects. Gold mining is an increasing trend along with mining of other minerals as iron ores, mica, copper, zinc, manganese and chromate are abounds here. Few non-ferrous things like plaster, lime, black sand etc are found in good quantity. These minerals and non-ferrous mined resources are a good value for industries and economic development.

Most of the industries here are dependent upon the raw materials like vegetable oil, cotton, sugarcanes, animal skins etc. The development of these resources has proved potential for agro-industrial investment. The Production of these materials increases productivity of various industrial sectors.

Issues Of Governance

Govt. of Sudan is dedicatedly working upon the human rights basics. It insures the superiority of social and ethical values for international covenants. It believes in the legitimacy of rights in developing a supreme country. This provides a peaceful interchange and exchange of democratic power. As shown by various movements in Federal System as well as in Sudan. The enforcement of peace and restoration of security is the main object. The Governance builds confidence among people with adopting fair distribution policy for both power and wealth. The political, economic and social infrastructure needs to redevelop in order to achieve the economic and cultural targets. Justice is another key factor, which is continuously stressed upon here. This justice is related to everybody, from an artisan to an engineer. The Government ensures that all citizens, of any social, religious, ethnic value and backgrounds, are treated equally.

Co-Existence in Diversity

The constitution of Sudan has laid few rights for the citizens of Republic of Sudan. The multi religious, multi ethnic culture of Sudan should not discriminate between any cast, creed, culture, background and provide an equal right to every citizen of Sudan. these Rights are: Individual freedom, legal Equality, litigation right, right to live dignified, children and women rights, no slavery, no bondage, right to belief, right of worshiping according to own belief, privacy rights, gathering and organizing rights, Franchise rights, ownership rights on certain personal properties. Apart from it few other important factors are; Right to education, right to public health services, right to get admission in schools and many other such Rights are granted to a citizen of Sudan in the Interim constitution. These rights are protected under the vigilance of Human rights commission. The government of Sudan is fervent to avail all these rights for the common nationals of Sudan.