Chu

(1886-1976) Born in 1886 in the village Maanchan (Sichuan Province). In 1905 passed the state examinations in secondary school and in 1907 enrolled in a teacher training college, where he studied for a year. Prior to 1909, Chu has taught physical education in a school in his native county, and then enrolled in the Yunnan military academy, where he joined the US-led Sun Yat-sen's Revolutionary Party 'Joint Union'. In 1911, Chu took part in the uprising against the Manchu dynasty, and in 1912 again came to Yunnan, where he taught at a military school. In 1913 was sent to the border with French Indochina, where he developed the tactics of guerrilla warfare, and in 1915 returned to his home in Sichuan Province. By 1916, Chu has held the rank of Brigadier General and held a high position in the military leadership of Yunnan. He soon came into conflict with usurped power in the province of reactionary Dan Tsiyao and together with his followers moved to Sichuan. From Sichuan, he moved to Shanghai, and then went to Europe. In Berlin in October 1922, Chu joined the Communist Party of China. In Germany, he studied at the University of GцTttingen, twice found himself imprisoned for his revolutionary activities and was eventually expelled from the country. After that, some time wandering through Europe, then visited the Soviet Union, and in 1926 returned to China to take active part in the communist movement. On instructions from the Communist Party leadership led military campaign in parts of Sichuan province and, furthermore, contributed to the reorganization of the 20 Corps of the National Revolutionary Army. Chu was elected a member of the executive committee of the Provincial Committee of the Kuomintang, led a school of military training, was appointed chief of police Nanchang Public Security Bureau. Since the beginning of the July 1927 uprising that marked the decisive break between the Communist Party and the Kuomintang, Chu took command of the 9 th Army Corps, and contributed to the organization of the uprising in the south of Hunan in 1928. In the same year he met with Mao Zedong, which cooperated closely in the formation of a new 4-th Army Corps, which later successfully resisted the KMT. In 1931 1 st National Congress of the representatives of the Soviet regions of China, Chu unanimously elected chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council - Chief of the Workers 'and Peasants' Revolutionary Army. When in September 1931 the Japanese invaded Manchuria, the Chinese Communists were in favor of ending the civil war and the establishment of a unified front against Japanese aggression. Instead, the KMT began a new military campaign against the Communist forces, . forcing them to retreat from Sichuan in Sikang (Tibet), . then, . in October 1934, . take the famous 'Long March' in Shaanxi Province, . what they had to go through more than 9600 km, . In August 1937 troops under the command of Zhu De, reorganized under the command of Chiang Kai-Shek in the 8-th field in the regular army of the National Revolutionary Army of China, began military operations against the Japanese. For eight years, Chu has been managing all the military operations against the Japanese. August 14, 1945, he refused to obey orders to Chiang Kai-shek on the termination of independent actions. Then troops Chu began to oppose the Kuomintang armies tried to destroy the military compound Communists. Hostilities spread ever wider, and the end of 1948 had all of Manchuria was under the control of parts of China People's Army, commanded by Chu. In the future, these parts are captured Beijing, Nanjing, Shanghai, and in November 1949 - Guangzhou. In September 1949, Chu became a member of the People's Political consultative council of the new China, and in October appointed commander of the People's Liberation Army of China. In 1953 he was elected deputy chairman of the PRC Government. Died Chu in Beijing July 6, 1976.