Treaties of Rapallo

Rapallo, Treaties of, international agreements signed at Rapallo, Italy, soon after World War I. The two treaties involved different countries, but both attempted to settle differences remaining after the war.

Treaty of 1920

Italy and Yugoslavia signed a treaty in November that dealt with land disputed by the two countries at the head of the Adriatic Sea, and set up Fiume (Rijeka) as an independent city. The settlement lasted until the Italian Fascists came to power in 1922, when Mussolini occupied the area.

Treaty of 1922

In April Germany and Russia, the two most mistrusted nations of Europe, agreed to resume diplomatic relations, give up economic claims against each other, and cooperate economically and politically. This action alarmed other European powers, contributing to the failure of a conference in session at Genoa that was trying to reach an agreement with Russia.

Gallipoli Campaign, an Allied attempt in 1915, during World War I, to seize the Gallipoli Peninsula in Turkey and thus gain control of the Dardanelles strait, opening a supply route from the west to Russia through the Black Sea.