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DAILY LIVING ACTIVITIES

1. Preparing food.a. Can prepare and cook a simple meal unaided. 0 points.b. Needs to use an aid or appliance to be able to either prepare or cook a simple meal. 2 points.c. Cannot cook a simple meal using a conventional cooker but is able to do so using a microwave. points. 2 pointsd. Needs prompting to be able to either prepare or cook a simple meal. 2 points.e. Needs supervision or assistance to either prepare or cook a simple meal. 4 points.f. Cannot prepare and cook food. 8 points.

2. Taking nutrition.a. Can take nutrition unaided. 0 points.b. Needs –(i) to use an aid or appliance to be able to take nutrition; or(ii) supervision to be able to take nutrition; or(iii) assistance to be able to cut up food. 2 points.c. Needs a therapeutic source to be able to take nutrition. 2 points.d. Needs prompting to be able to take nutrition. 4 points.e. Needs assistance to be able to manage a therapeutic source to take nutrition. 6 points.f. Cannot convey food and drink to their mouth and needs another person to do so. 10 points.

3. Managing therapy or monitoring a health condition.a. Either –(i) does not receive medication or therapy or need to monitor a health condition; or (ii) can manage medication or therapy or monitor a health condition unaided. 0 points.b. Needs any one or more of the following –(i) to use an aid or appliance to be able to manage medication; (ii) supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage medication. (iii) supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to monitor a health condition. 1 point.c. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage therapy that takes no more than 3.5 hours a week. 2 points.d. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage therapy that takes more than 3.5 but no more than 7 hours a week. 4 points.e. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage therapy that takes more than 7 but no more than 14 hours a week. 6 points.f. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage therapy that takes more than 14 hours a week. 8 points.

4. Washing and bathing.a. Can wash and bathe unaided. 0 points.b. Needs to use an aid or appliance to be able to wash or bathe. 2 points.c. Needs supervision or prompting to be able to wash or bathe. 2 points.d. Needs assistance to be able to wash either their hair or body below the waist. 2 points.e. Needs assistance to be able to get in or out of a bath or shower. 3 points.f. Needs assistance to be able to wash their body between the shoulders and waist. 4 points.g. Cannot wash and bathe at all and needs another person to wash their entire body. 8 points.

5. Managing toilet needs or incontinence.a. Can manage toilet needs or incontinence unaided. 0 points.b. Needs to use an aid or appliance to be able to manage toilet needs or incontinence. 2 points.c. Needs supervision or prompting to be able to manage toilet needs. 2 points.d. Needs assistance to be able to manage toilet needs. 4 points.e. Needs assistance to be able to manage incontinence of either bladder or bowel. 6 points.f. Needs assistance to be able to manage incontinence of both bladder and bowel. 8 points.

6. Dressing and undressing.a. Can dress and undress unaided. 0 points.b. Needs to use an aid or appliance to be able to dress or undress. 2 points.c. Needs either -(i) prompting to be able to dress, undress or determine appropriate circumstances for remaining clothed; or (ii) prompting or assistance to be able to select appropriate clothing. 2 points.d. Needs assistance to be able to dress or undress their lower body. 2 points.e. Needs assistance to be able to dress or undress their upper body. 4 points.f. Cannot dress or undress at all. 8 points.

7. Communicating verbally.a. Can express and understand verbal information unaided. 0 points.b. Needs to use an aid or appliance to be able to speak or hear. 2 points.c. Needs communication support to be able to express or understand complex verbal information. 4 points.d. Needs communication support to be able to express or understand basic verbal information. 8 points.e. Cannot express or understand verbal information at all even with communication support. 12 points.

8. Reading and understanding signs, symbols and words.a. Can read and understand basic and complex written information either unaided or using spectacles or contact lenses. 0 points.b. Needs to use an aid or appliance, other than spectacles or contact lenses, to be able to read or understand either basic or complex written information. 2 points.c. Needs prompting to be able to read or understand complex written information. 2 points.d. Needs prompting to be able to read or understand basic written information. 4 points.e. Cannot read or understand signs, symbols or words at all. 8 points.

9. Engaging with other people face to face.a. Can engage with other people unaided. 0 points.b. Needs prompting to be able to engage with other people. 2 points.c. Needs social support to be able to engage with other people. 4 points.d. Cannot engage with other people due to such engagement causing either – (i) overwhelmingpsychological distress to the claimant; or (ii) the claimant to exhibit behaviour which would result in a substantial risk of harm to the claimant or another person. 8 points.

10. Making budgeting decisions.a. Can manage complex budgeting decisions unaided. 0 points.b. Needs prompting or assistance to be able to make complex budgeting decisions. 2 points.c. Needs prompting or assistance to be able to make simple budgeting decisions. 4 points.d. Cannot make any budgeting decisions at all. 6 points.

MOBILITY ACTIVITIES

1. Planning and following journeys.a. Can plan and follow the route of a journey unaided. 0 points.b. Needs prompting to be able to undertake any journey to avoid overwhelming psychological distress to the claimant. 4 points.c. Cannot plan the route of a journey. 8 points.d. Cannot follow the route of an unfamiliar journey without another person, assistance dog or orientation aid. 10 points.e. Cannot undertake any journey because it would cause overwhelming psychological distress to the claimant. 10 points.f. Cannot follow the route of a familiar journey without another person, an assistance dog or an orientation aid. 12 points.

2. Moving around.a. Can stand and then move more than 200 metres, either aided or unaided. 0 points.b. Can stand and then move more than 50 metres but no more than 200 metres, either aided or unaided. 4 points.c. Can stand and then move unaided more than 20 metres but no more than 50 metres. 8 points.d. Can stand and then move using an aid or appliance more than 20 metres but no more than 50 metres. 10 points.e. Can stand and then move more than 1 metre but no more than 20 metres, either aided or unaided. 12 points.f. Cannot, either aided or unaided, –(i) stand; or(ii) move more than 1 metre. 12 points.

Personal Independence Payment (PIP) training days

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Variable and fluctuating conditions Taking a view of ability over a longer period of time helps to iron out fluctuations and presents a more coherent picture of disabling effects. Therefore the descriptor choice should be based on consideration of a 12 month period.

Scoring descriptors will apply to individuals where their impairment(s) affects their ability to complete an activity on more than 50 per cent of days in the 12 month period. The following rules apply:

If one descriptor in an activity applies on more than 50 per cent of the days in the period – i.e. the activity cannot be completed in the way described on more than 50 per cent of days – then that descriptor should be chosen.

If more than one descriptor in an activity applies on more than 50 per cent of the days in the period, then the descriptor chosen should be the one which applies for the greatest proportion of the time.

Where one single descriptor in an activity is not satisfied on more than 50 per cent of days, but a number of different descriptors in that activity together are satisfied on more than 50 per cent of days – for example, descriptor ‘B’ is satisfied on 40 per cent of days and descriptor ‘C’ on 30 per cent of days – the descriptor satisfied for the highest proportion of the time should be selected.Awaiting treatment If someone is awaiting treatment or further intervention it can be difficult to accurately predict its level of success or whether it will even occur. Descriptor choices should therefore be based on the likely continuing impact of the health condition or impairment as if any treatment or further intervention has not occurred.

Reliably, in a timely fashion, repeatedly and safely An individual must be able to complete an activity descriptor reliably, in a timely fashion, repeatedly and safely; and where indicated, using aids and appliances or with support from another person (or, for activity 10, a support dog). Otherwise they should be considered unable to complete the activity described at that level.

Reliably means to a reasonable standard.

In a timely fashion means in less than twice the time it would take for an individual without any impairment.

Repeatedly means completed as often during the day as the individual activity requires. Consideration needs to be given to the cumulative effects of symptoms such as pain and fatigue – i.e. whether completing the activity adversely affects the individual’s ability to subsequently complete other activities.

Safely means in a fashion that is unlikely to cause harm to the individual, either directly or through vulnerability to the actions of others; or to another person.

Risk and Safety When considering whether an activity can be undertaken safely it is important to consider the risk of a serious adverse event occurring. However, the risk that a serious adverse event may occur due to impairments is insufficient – there has to be evidence that if the activity was undertaken, the adverse event is likely to occur.

Aids and appliances The assessment will take some account of aids and appliances which are used in everyday life. In this context:

Aids are devices that help a performance of a function, for example, walking sticks or spectacles.

Appliances are devices that provide or replace a missing function, for example artificial limbs, collecting devices (stomas) and wheelchairs.

The assessment will take into account aids and appliances that individuals normally use and low cost, commonly available ones which someone with their impairment might reasonably be expected to use, even if they are not normally used.

Individuals who use or could reasonably be expected to use aids to carry out an activity will generally receive a higher scoring descriptor than those who can carry out the activity unaided.

Support dogs We recognise that guide, hearing and dual sensory dogs are not ‘aids’ but have attempted to ensure that the descriptors capture the additional barriers and costs of needing such a dog where they are required to enable individuals to follow a journey safely.

Support from other people The assessment will take into account where individuals need the support of another person or persons to carry out an activity – including where that person has to carry out the activity for them in its entirety. The criteria refer to three types of support:

Assistance is support that requires the presence and physical intervention of another person i.e. actually doing some or all of the task in question. This specifically excludes non-physical intervention such as prompting or supervision which are defined below. To apply, this only needs to be required for part of the activity.

Prompting is support provided by reminding or encouraging an individual to undertake or complete a task but not physically helping them. To apply, this only needs to be required for part of the activity.

Supervision is a need for the continuous presence of another person to avoid a serious adverse event from occurring to the individual. There must be evidence that any risk would be likely to occur in the absence of such supervision. To apply, this must be required for the full duration of the activity.

Unaided Within the assessment criteria, the ability to perform an activity ‘unaided’ means without either the use of aids or appliances or assistance/prompting/supervision from another person.

Epilepsy Epilepsy is a marked example of a fluctuating condition where an individual can have no functional limitation one minute and considerable limitation the next. Assessment should be based on the impact this causes.

Key to assessing individuals with epilepsy is the consideration of risk. Within each activity, the relevant descriptor should apply to a person with epilepsy if there is evidence that a serious adverse event is likely to occur if the person carried out the activity in that descriptor. It is essential to consider the likely effects of any seizure – type and frequency of fit, associated behaviour, the post-ictal phase and whether there is likely to be sufficient warning to mitigate any risk of danger.

a. Either –

(i) does not receive medication or therapy or need to monitor a health condition; or

(ii) can manage medication or therapy or monitor a health condition unaided.0points.

b. Needs any one or more of the following –

(i) to use an aid or appliance to be able to manage medication;

(ii) supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage medication.

(iii) supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to monitor a health condition.1point.

c. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage therapy that takes no more than 3.5 hours a week.2points.

d. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage therapy that takes more than 3.5 but no more than 7 hours a week.4points.

e. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage therapy that takes more than 7 but no more than 14 hours a week.6points.

f. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage therapy that takes more than 14 hours a week.8points.