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But it shall come to pass, if you do not obey the voice of the LORD your God, to observe carefully all His commandments …The LORD will bring you and the king whom you set over you to a nation which neither you nor your fathers have known, … the LORD will rejoice over you to destroy you and bring you to nothing; and you shall be plucked from off the land … Then the LORD will scatter you among all peoples.

Now it shall come to pass, when all these things come upon you … and you return to the LORD your God and obey His voice … that the LORD will bring you back from captivity, and have compassion on you, and gather you again from all the nations where the LORD your God has scattered you.

For thus says the LORD: After seventy years are completed at Babylon, I will visit you and perform My good word toward you, and cause you to return to this place. For I know the thoughts that I think toward you, says the LORD, thoughts of peace and not of evil, to give you a future and a hope.

Lived in Samaria, the area developed by the Northern Kingdom of Israel

Were either descended from the Assyrian or Babylonian peoples brought to the area by King Esarhaddon of Assyria after the fall of Samaria or were mestizos born from these people and some Israelis who had remained in the land (See 2 Kings 17:24-41 & Ezra 4:2)

Feared and served the Lord a little, but served their own idols and did not obey the Mosaic Law

Sanballat even tried to get The Lord to again devastate the people of Judah through the marriage of his daughter to a son of the high priest, in an apparent attempt to, once again, corrupt the religious practices of the Jews, but that too was successfully countered by Nehemiah.

About the third and last return of Jews to Jerusalem after the Babylonian exile.

So the wall was finished … in fifty-two days. And it happened, when all our enemies heard of it, and all the nations around us saw these things, that they were very disheartened in their own eyes; for they perceived that this work was done by our God.(Neh. 6:15,16 NKJV)

“For if you remain completely silent at this time, relief and deliverance will arise for the Jews from another place, but you and your father’s house will perish. Yet who know whether you have come to the kingdom for such a time as this? – Esther 4:14 NKJV

And in every province and city, wherever the king’s command and decree came, the Jews had joy and gladness, a feast and a holiday. Then many of the people of the land became Jews, because fear of the jews fell upon them. – Esther 8:17 NKJV

The Babylonians destroyed Nineveh, the Assyrian capital, and thus became the new world superpower.

605 King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon captured Jerusalem and deported some good-looking and intelligent young Jewish men to Babylon, including some of the king’s descendents and some of the nobles. Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah were among them.

586 Babylon plundered and destroyed Jerusalem, including the temple and walls. 5th deportation to Babylon (the remnant of the multitude); only the poor of the land were left, but they fled to Egypt with Jeremiah after Ishmael murdered Gedaliah