When using data to build HTML, script, CSS, XML, JSON, etc. make sure you take into account how that data must be presented in a literal sense to keep it's logical meaning. Data should be properly encoded before used in this manor to prevent injection style issues, and to make sure the logical meaning is preserved.

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When using data to build HTML, script, CSS, XML, JSON, etc. make sure you take into account how that data must be presented in a literal sense to keep it's logical meaning. Data should be properly encoded before used in this manner to prevent injection style issues, and to make sure the logical meaning is preserved.

[[:Category:OWASP_Encoding_Project|Check out the OWASP Encoding Project.]]

=== Don't rely on client logic for security ===

=== Don't rely on client logic for security ===

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=== Avoid writing serialization code ===

=== Avoid writing serialization code ===

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This is hard and even a small mistake can cause large security issues. There are already a lot of frameworks to provide this functionality. Take a look at the JSON page for links.

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This is hard and even a small mistake can cause large security issues. There are already a lot of frameworks to provide this functionality. Take a look at the [http://www.json.org/ JSON page] for links.

=== Avoid building XML dynamically ===

=== Avoid building XML dynamically ===

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Just like building HTML or SQL you will cause XML injection bugs, so stay way from this or at least use an encoding library to make attributes and element data safe.

Just like building HTML or SQL you will cause XML injection bugs, so stay way from this or at least use an encoding library to make attributes and element data safe.

[[:Category:OWASP_Encoding_Project|Check out the OWASP Encoding Project.]]

=== Never transmit secrets to the client ===

=== Never transmit secrets to the client ===

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I hope this is a "duh" item. Anything the client knows the user will also know, so keep all that secret stuff on the server please.

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Anything the client knows the user will also know, so keep all that secret stuff on the server please.

=== Don't perform encryption in client side code ===

=== Don't perform encryption in client side code ===

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This is the overall one that gets me out of trouble in case I missed something :)

This is the overall one that gets me out of trouble in case I missed something :)

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== JSON ==

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=== Never send JSON via Querystring ===

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Sending JSON over a querystring would typically cause a cross-site scripting vulnerability as JSON strings are eval'd by the Javascript. JSON content should always come from a trusted source as the content body.

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=== Always return JSON with an Object on the outside ===

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Always have the outside primitive be an object for JSON strings. This will help mitigate so called "JavaScript Hijacking" as talked about in [http://www.fortifysoftware.com/servlet/downloads/public/JavaScript_Hijacking.pdf this paper].

AJAX Security Guidelines

There is a complete lack of guidelines for AJAX. This document will provide a starting point for AJAX security and will hopefully be updated and expanded reasonably often to provide more detailed information about specific frameworks and technologies.

Client Side (Javascript)

Use .innerText instead of .innerHtml

The use of .innerText will prevent most XSS problems as it will automatically encode the text. Only use innerHtml when you are displaying HTML.

Don't use eval

Eval is evil, never use it. Needing to use eval usually indicates a problem in your design.

Canonicalize data to consumer (read: encode before use)

When using data to build HTML, script, CSS, XML, JSON, etc. make sure you take into account how that data must be presented in a literal sense to keep it's logical meaning. Data should be properly encoded before used in this manner to prevent injection style issues, and to make sure the logical meaning is preserved.

Never transmit secrets to the client

Anything the client knows the user will also know, so keep all that secret stuff on the server please.

Don't perform encryption in client side code

Use SSL and encrypt on the server!

Don't perform security impacting logic on client side

This is the overall one that gets me out of trouble in case I missed something :)

JSON

Never send JSON via Querystring

Sending JSON over a querystring would typically cause a cross-site scripting vulnerability as JSON strings are eval'd by the Javascript. JSON content should always come from a trusted source as the content body.

Always return JSON with an Object on the outside

Always have the outside primitive be an object for JSON strings. This will help mitigate so called "JavaScript Hijacking" as talked about in this paper.

Explotable:

[{"object": "inside an array"}]

Not exploitable:

{"object": "not inside an array"}

Also not exploitable:

{"result": [{"object": "inside an array"}]}

ASP.NET

Avoid writing serialization code. Remember ref vs. value types!

Writing serialization code in .NET seems not to hard and yet everyone gets it wrong. Look for an existing library that has been reviewed. I'll post more on that as I eval them.

Services can be called by users directly

Even though you only expect your AJAX client side code to call those services the users can too. Make sure you validate inputs and treat them like they are under user control (because they are!).