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Preventing Failure Introduction By: Kayla, Areej, Kianna Designing for Safety Designing for loads Sometimes the failure of a structure is tragic. Even though structures are inspected regularly, occasionally, something fails. Whenever there are failures , engineers learn from it to improve their designs to ensure safety. You will learn about some of the ways in which designers plan safely into structures and the factors they consider when designing and monitoring them. It is impossible for someone to design a structure that is 100% failure proof. Materials a structure is made out of will wear down over time. The structure could be used incorrectly and could break. Also, unexpected forces might come into play.

Engineers use the techniques of risk management to reduce the risk of a failure as much as possible. They deal with known risks in one of three ways: ignore the risk, avoid the risk or design for the risk.

Designing for risk requires a thorough understanding of the structure and the forces that may affect it. Designers over-compensate for the many risks, making the structure stronger than it needs to be. When the structure is built, it's built with safety features, such as back-up systems and warning systems that may use sensors. In the designing of a structure, the designers must calculate the load it will support. For example, a chair must be able to support the weight of itself and whomever may sit on it. Occasionally, more than one person may sit on the chair at one time. Thus, the designers must design the chair to hold its own weight and the biggest occasional load. Many structures have warning notices on them warning about the maximum load they are designed to support. Designing for Safety Everything in this world has rules and regulation that must be followed. So does designing a structure. In Ontario, builders will always have in mind that they have to follow the regulations set out in the Ontario Building Code. All aspects of the building is given a minimum standards in which includes load-bearing design and materials. The code assures the public of a certain level of safety. The code also helps the people be confident about the structure that when they go inside it would not collapse or anything bad won't happen. Another thing that would be the same is the Ontario Fire Code which states that in Ontario every house has to have a working smoke alarm on every floor and outside all sleeping areas. Having a properly installed smoke alarm will inform the people to get out of there house because it is on fire. Designing for Efficiency Sensors A sensor is any device that can detect or measure real-world conditions. Different sensors can detect heat, light, pressure or sound, as well as changes in the amounts of these things. Sensors in a home include smoke detectors, carbon monoxide and thermostats. Sensors are also used in entertainment. Sensors are also used practically from motion detectors in buildings to automatic doors in stores. Engineers use sensors to ensure public safety. This includes vibrations from earthquakes. Helped by Surithy When designing a structure, most people consider how strong it looks and also that the more material you use the stronger it would be. But that is not true because a efficiency design will use less but do more. If two students were to make a bridge and one student uses more materials and the other one uses less, but both bridges are to hold the same load, the one with less materials used is going to be more efficient. THE END