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21 Cards in this Set

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used to detect the and localize the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences in chomosome using fluorescent probes which bind only to parts of chromosome which they show high degree of squence similarity

FISH

cycle threshold

in PCR - the number of cycles of amplification beofre the targed is detected

mircrosattelite instability (MSI)

we all have microsattelites (repeats) but with tumor there may be expansion or contraction

not only can MSI tell us if person is predisoposed but it can tell us

how well someone may respond to therapy

why is melt curve analysis helpful

every pcr product has signiture melting point and you can look at a deviation from this and tell something is mutated - can be as sensitive as detecting one single base pair mutation - may be one degree difference.

Gleevec blocks what

BCR-ABL

what might you use to detect BCR-ABL abnormal translocation

FISH or real time RT-PCR

Irinotecan is first line in therapy for collorectal cancer - how does its metabolism effect side effects seen by pat

CPT-11 - SN-28 (active) - metabolized by UGt1A1 to inactive form -

it is how long it is active that is important - if person does not have this UGT1A1 enzyme - the active metabolite stays around too long and is toxic

detect abnormal enzyme polymorphism using PCR

three steps in PCR

1. denaturation of dsDNA leads to ss DNA

2. annealing of ssDNA and primer hybridization

3. extension - polymerase/DNA synthesis

denaturation, annealing, and extension only take 15,30 sec each in 1 PCR cycle