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A caldera volcano forms when part of a volcano collapses due to the emptying of a magma chamber during eruption. A low, wide crater then forms in place of a tall volcanic peak. El Chichón’s summit is a basin with an acidic lake, which is typical of caldera volcanoes. The ash, minerals and settlement within the lake produce water with a green hue. Sheet flows surround the sediment of the volcano and seep minerals, such as iron, to the flora in the basin.