Shipping remains the most important mode of transportation for goods even though navigation is possible only four months of the year during the ice-free period. The re-supply of oil and other basic products from the south is done mostly by sea. The mining and fishing industries also use shipping.

Canada is a maritime nation with access to three oceans (Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic), and shared access to the longest inland waterway system in the world, the Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway system of waterways. The map shows approximately 700 small craft harbours, the Seaway (including major...

Canada is a maritime nation with access to three oceans (Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic), and shared access to the longest inland waterway system in the world, the Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway system of waterways. The map shows approximately 590 major ports, the Seaway (including major locks)...

Migratory Bird Sanctuaries are areas set aside by the Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS) of Environment Canada to protect migratory birds. The sanctuaries include a range of habitat types, such as terrestrial, wetland and marine.

National Parks and National Marine Conservation Areas form a countrywide network of areas set aside by Canada for their great natural interest. They are protected for public understanding, enjoyment and appreciation.

Ecozones are broad ecological zones on the earth's surface and cover a large range of ecosystems such as temperate forest, mountain ranges, grassland, taiga, arctic tundra, extensive river systems, coastline and farmlands. Each ecozone has its own climate, relief, soil, fauna and flora and...

Nunavut’s cold climate makes it a territory consisting of mostly barren land and permafrost. Permafrost is soil or rocks whose temperature remains at or below the freezing point for a long period of time. Glaciers, a mass of snow and ice that does not melt from year to year prevail in the...

Contained within the Atlas of Canada's Reference Map Series, 1961 to 2010, is a map of Canada is at a scale of 1:15 840 000 or 250 miles to the inch. It was produced by Surveys and Mapping Branch of Energy, Mines and Resources Canada [now Natural Resources Canada.] The map has land areas in black...

Contained within the Atlas of Canada's Various Map Series, 1965 to 2006, is a map of heritage areas was produced for Parks Canada and Canadian Heritage. It is at a scale of 1:5 000 000 and uses the Lambert Conformal Conic projection. The land mass of Canada is shown with a yellow colour, with...