Even more directly relevant is the following theorem that discusses majorization of singular values of $X+Y$ by those of $Z$.

Theorem (Bhatia and Kittaneh). Let $X$, $Y$, and $Z$ be as in the question. Then
\begin{equation*}
\sigma(X+Y)\quad \prec_w\quad \sqrt{2}\sigma(Z)
\end{equation*}
If $X$ is psd, then the above weak majorization can be replaced by weak log-majorization, that is,
\begin{equation*}
\prod_{j=1}^k \sigma_j(X+Y) \le \prod_{j=1}^k\sqrt{2}\sigma_j(Z).
\end{equation*}
Finally, if both $X$ and $Y$ are psd, then we have even stronger inequalities:
\begin{equation*}
\sigma_j(X+Y) \le \sqrt{2}\sigma_j(Z)\quad 1 \le j \le n.
\end{equation*}

Bhatia and Kittaneh also discuss some applications of the above theorem to commutator inequalities.

References

R. Bhatia and F. Kittaneh. "The singular values of $A+B$ and $A+iB$." Linear Algebra and its Applications, 431(2009), pp. 1502-1508.