Centaurium (formerly Erythraea) is a genus containing about 50 species in the gentian family (Gentianaceae), tribe Chironieae, subtribe Chironiinae. The genus was named after the centaur Chiron, famed in Greek mythology for his skill in medicinal herbs. The common name for plants in this genus is Centaury.

This genus is primarily distributed in the Mediterranean. However, species such as Centaurium littorale are widespread, but not common, between the northern Mediterranean and Scandinavia.

Plants in the genus contain bitter principals, and are sometimes used medicinally as a stomachic and tonic.

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Alexei.