2.11.2007

The emotional response of the patient during illness is of extreme importance. The mind-body-spirit connection is well established; it is known, for example, that when a physiological response occurs, there is a corresponding psychological response. Also, there are physiological conditions that have a psychological component, for example, the emotional instability associated with steroid therapy or Cushing’s syndrome or the irritability of hypoglycemia.

Rapid growth in the field of psychoneuroimmunology is regularly providing new information about these issues.

With expanding technology in healthcare, ethical issues are hotly debated. Although the stress of illness is well recognized, the effect on the individual is unpredictable. It is not necessarily the event that creates problems, but rather the patient’s perception of and response to the event, which may result in unmet psychological needs that drain energy resources needed for healing. The caregivers’, patients’, and significant others’ (SOs) values, sensitivity to different cultures, and language barriers (including difficulties that people have in talking about their bodies) affect the care a patient expects and receives.

CARE SETTING

Any setting in which nursing contact occurs/care is provided.

RELATED CONCERNS

This is an aspect of all care and plans of care.

Assessment Factors To Be Considered

INDIVIDUAL

Age and gender

Religious affiliation: Church attendance, importance of religion in patient’s life, belief in life after death

1. Reports/anxiety/fear manageable.2. Progressing through stages of grieving.3. Patient/family dealing realistically with current situation.4. Safe environment maintained.5. Plan in place to meet needs after discharge.