Capital: Tehran, with a population of around 8.8 million in the city and 15 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, it is the most populous city in Iran and Western Asia, and has the second-largest metropolitan area in the Middle East. It is ranked 29th in the world by the population of its metropolitan area.

Population: 80.3 million people by 2017; growth rate is 1.3 % a year; population density is 46 persons per square kilometer; 71.4% of the population is urban and 28.6% is rural or migrating. Persian (51%), Azerbaijani (24%), Gilaki and Mazandarani (8%), Kurd (7%), Arab (3%), Lur (2%), Baluch (2%), Turkmen (2%), other (1%)