2010–13 Singapore floods

The 2010–13 Singapore floods refers to the series of flash floods that hit various parts of the city state Singapore since 2010. The floods came about due to the higher-than-average rainfall that aggregated over a short period of time.

To date, the death toll stands at four. One victim died when a tree fell on a public bus, while another two were injured. Another suffered an instant death when a tree descended on his car.[1] An Indonesian boy was the latest casualty in the June 2011 floods – he fell into an uncovered drain along Whampoa and drowned after being pulled under by strong currents.

Heavy rains caused flooding in Singapore's central shopping district and snarled traffic throughout the island. Shopping Malls along Orchard Road like Lucky Plaza and Liat Towers were affected by the flood. The flood had caused some shopping mall and car park basements to be submerged in the water. Rescuers had to pull out about 70 passengers from cars and buses, as flooding shut down Orchard Road, which is lined with high-end shopping malls and tourist attractions. No one was injured.

According to the Public Utilities Board (PUB), about 4 inches (100 millimetres) of rain fell in two hours Wednesday morning, equivalent to around 60 percent of the average monthly rainfall for June. Water rose above the tyres of stalled cars on Orchard.[2]

On 18 June, the PUB, in a press conference, revealed its findings that the drainage system under Orchard Road, the Stamford Canal, was choked. The culvert, which was to drain water into two parallel channels, had one of the channels choked with debris, and water flowed through only one channel. When a second rainstorm on the same morning came, the canal, unable to drain off excess water, overflowed and gushed water up to the surface and caused the flooding.[3]

To prevent future floods, PUB spent $25,000 to install five debris-trapping grates at Stamford Canal. These zig-zag grates are meant to catch debris without stopping the flow of water, thus preventing the canal from being choked again. The new grates are installed at Camp Road, Napier Road near Minden Road, Nassim Road, Grange Road and Tanglin Road.[4]

The flood also caused morning rush hour traffic to come to a virtual standstill on all major expressways in Singapore. Dissipating within a half-hour, however, this flood was short-lived, as compared to the earlier flooding of Orchard Road.

Social media and micro-blogging sites such as Facebook and Twitter were awash with flood photos and users exchanging pictures.

It was reported that the heavy downpour on Friday Morning was equivalent to about 60 percent of the average monthly rainfall for June.[5]

Heavy rain caused flooding at Paya Lebar and other parts of Singapore. The hardest hit areas were MacPherson Road and Upper Paya Lebar (known as Tai Seng). The flood caused traffic jams throughout the area of Paya Lebar.[6]

A torrential downpour, partially caused by Typhoon Conson, in the early hours of Saturday morning triggered flash floods in various parts of Singapore. Among the hardest hit areas were Braddell Road, Joo Chiat Terrace, Changi Road, Bukit Timah and Delfi in Orchard Road. It was the second time in several months where heavy rain had caused inconveniences to motorists and resulted in severe flooding. In some areas of Bukit Timah (especially those with large drains), the waters were about 70 cm high.

Most of the floods in low-lying areas managed to recede at around 1 pm.[7]

Shenton Way was hit by a flash flood at 10.30 am which lasted around 15 minutes. Little India was flooded for three hours. A tree, due to the bad weather, was brought down, hitting a van driving along Lorong 23 Geylang.[8]

At about 3.30 pm, Commonwealth Ave and Holland Drive were hit by flash floods and vehicles had to slow down as the flood partially submerged the tyres of the vehicles. As a result, there was a traffic jam along the junction, but normal flow was restored about 5 minutes later.[9]

Continuous heavy rainfall since Sunday drenched most of the island, causing flash floods in at least five areas, mostly in the east. Flash floods were reported on the Tampines Expressway slip road at Tampines Avenue 12 and near the Punggol exit, Airport Boulevard, one stretch of Ang Mo Kio Avenue 5 and Changi Village.

Localised chokes in the drainage along Airport Boulevard, Ang Mo Kio Avenue 5 and in Changi Village were blamed for the floods. Lanes along Airport Boulevard and at the junction of Tampines avenues 9 and 12 had to be closed for one to two hours. A partially completed bridge at the Punggol Waterway collapsed under the weight of rainwater on Sunday morning[10]

The eastern area around Changi and Pulau Ubin received the highest rainfall. As of 31 January 2011, 200.8mm of rain had pelted down on Pulau Ubin, and 178mm in Changi. The rain had subsided by Monday evening.[11]

Heavy rain caused flash floods in several areas including Ang Mo Kio Avenue 1 and Bishan Street 13. About 90mm of rain fell in less than an hour from 3 pm, said the Public Utilities Board (PUB). The floods subsided in about 20 minutes.[12][13]

Torrential rain caused flooding at the junction of Novena Square, a tree to fall elsewhere and claimed the life of one victim when a boy fell into a swollen drain along Whampoa.

Despite the drain being guarded by a railing, the boy is believed to have stepped through a break in the railing at the flooded junction of Martaban Road and Minbu Road. He fell into the submerged drain, which is about 1.2m deep. The strong currents swept the boy away, causing him to drown.[14]

A torrential downpour that lasted several hours early on Sunday morning triggered flash floods across several parts of the island. Senett Estate, Potong Pasir, MacPherson, Toa Payoh, Bukit Timah and Orchard were the areas hardest hit by the floods.[15] Tanglin Mall, Forum Galleria and Traders Hotel were affected by the flood and partially flooded. St Regis Residences had its basement carparks flooded as well.[16] Previous flood affected shopping malls in June 2010, Lucky Plaza and Liat Towers were not affected as flood barriers were activated at the start of the downpour although some shops were still partially affected.[17]

Tanglin Mall and St Regis did not receive flood alerts from the PUB which was due to a technical glitch in the flood alert software, which PUB will rectify. PUB also explained the flooding to the buildings are due to a heavy rainfall directly into the basements and the buildings' internal drainage pumps unable to cope with the huge amount of water.[18]

Heavy rains in the afternoon caused flash floods, affecting several roads, Woodlands Road near the Kranji Expressway (KJE) slip road; the Little India area (Norris Road, Kampong Kapor, Owen Road); Ang Mo Kio Ave 5; and the junction of Jalan Pemimpin and Bishan Street 21. The worst affected roads was in the Upper Serangoon area – after PIE exit, next to the Woodsville flyover. The flash floods subsided in 15 minutes except at Upper Serangoon.[21]

The flash flood at Upper Serangoon was due to a choke in an unapproved temporary drainage which was constructed. It was constructed by a contractor carrying out road work for the Land Transport Authority at the Woodsville flyover. The pipes were undersized and not properly connected. The pipes was also obstructed with debris, resulting in severe restriction of the flow of rainwater. The contractor will be prosecuted for illegally obstructing and altering the drainage system.[22]

Heavy rains in the afternoon caused flash floods, affecting Liat Towers and other areas around Orchard Road, Balestier, Cambridge Road, Monk's Hill, Cuscaden Road, Lincoln Road, United Square, Moulmein Road and the junction of Bukit Timah junction and Sixth Avenue.[27] Within hours of the floods, national water agency, Public Utilities Board(PUB), said "there was no flooding at Orchard Road. However, water ponded at the open area of Liat Towers, the underpass between Lucky Plaza and Ngee Ann City, and the basement of Lucky Plaza due to the sustained heavy downpour".[28] PUB subsequently wrote in after a reader mention the PUB should admit that there is a flood and not ponding in its media release[29] to clarify that they were not understating the situation by defining it as ponding and that Today's article had misquoted their media release.[30] Today's editor also clarified that their headline is based on PUB's media release, There was no flooding at Orchard Road. However, water ponded at the open area of Liat Towers, the underpass between Lucky Plaza and Ngee Ann City and the basement of Lucky Plaza due to the sustained heavy downpour.[30]

Heavy rains in the afternoon caused flash floods in parts of Singapore. These areas include Hillview Road at Bukit Timah, Swiss Club Road, as well as Jalan Tari Lilin. The water level in some affected areas subsidised shortly after the flash flood.[31]

A violent pre-dawn thunderstorm known as Sumatra squall rattled Singapore in the early hours, causing flash floods in parts of Singapore. Toh Tuck Road had the heaviest rainfall, with 95.2mm falling by 10am that day. Three flash floods were reported. At the Marina South underpass, a drain grating was blocked by debris. Tampines Street 81 was the scene of a localised flood due to intense rain, while water at Bishan Street 21 collected in a depression in the road. All three areas remained passable to traffic despite the flash floods.[33]

The eastern and central region of Singapore were hit by flash floods, after an intense downpour in the afternoon. Affected areas included parts of Upper Paya Lebar, Lorong Ah Soo and the junction of Mt Vernon Road/Bartley Road and several areas in Tampines.[34]

A sudden and heavy thunderstorm in the night caused flash floods in several parts of Singapore for about an hour. Kim Tian Road, Tanjong Pagar Road and Marina South underpass were affected, although waters receded in less than an hour.[36]

On Wednesday, flash floods were reported along Ayer Rajah Expressway after the Alexandra exit at around noon, according to Facebook updates from the national water agency PUB. Other affected areas included Thomson, Dunearn, Cambridge and Tiong Bahru roads. The water subsided within 15 to 20 minutes, and some motorists reported stalled cars at Novena and a traffic jam from there to Marymount.[37]

On Thursday, heavy downpour causes flash floods in various parts of Singapore such as Serangoon, Bukit Timah, Toa Payoh and Orchard Road. Rain water subsided quickly. One driver lost control of his car while travelling in heavy rain and crashed into a canal after colliding with another car. Strong currents drifted the car down the canal for more than 50m.[38]

A heavy thunderstorm on Saturday afternoon that affected many parts of Singapore caused flash floods in the central region with the heaviest rain of 110.6mm falling over MacRitchie. Some of the condo like Bishan had floodwaters accumulating at their carparks.

28 April 2013 flash floods in the east of Singapore saw vehicles getting stuck in the floodwaters. And in that afternoon, a tree that got uprooted amid strong wind and rain on Saturday afternoon fell on a car, killing 25-year-old driving instructor Jason Cheong. His 34-year-old student Marliana Sumarno, who was in the driver's seat at the time, miraculously escaped with just minor cuts and abrasions. This even though the Honda City car they were in was crushed by the huge tree, which stretched across more than two lanes of the road.[39][40]

Heavy rainfall of 102.8mm between 8.10am to 9.40am caused flash floods at National University of Singapore, large sections of Ayer Rajah Expressway near Clementi, Commonwealth Avenue, South Bridge Road, Tomlinson Road and Alexandra area. This led to a complete closure of a section of AYE towards the city.[41][42] The Commonwealth area was most seriously affected by the flash floods. Shortly after, PUB announced plans to upgrade the Sungei Pandan Kechil and Commonwealth Avenue, the former covering the affected area of AYE.

Flash floods hit Chai Chee after a heavy downpour in the afternoon, leaving some vehicles stranded. The flood at the junction of New Upper Changi Road and Chai Chee Road made the roads, at one point, impassable to traffic. The waters subsided in half an hour. By 5 pm, the road was once more passable to traffic.[44]

Vehicles were left stranded at the junction between Chai Chee Road and New Upper Changi Road after the area was flooded again. Heavy rain also caused flash floods at the same junction on Monday, 28 October.[45]

On Sunday, heavy rain caused flash floods in Chai Chee again in the afternoon, leaving some vehicles stranded. Heavy rain also caused flash floods in the same junction on Wednesday, 30 October and Monday, 28 October.

On Monday, flash floods were reported at a number of locations following heavy rain in the afternoon. Affected areas were Dunearn Road (between Yarwood Avenue and Binjai Park), junction of Sunset Drive and Sunset Square, slip road from Clementi Road to Ulu Pandan Road, junction of Clementi Avenue 4 and Commonwealth Avenue West, and Lorong Kismis. The slip road from Clementi Road to Ulu Pandan Road was not passable to traffic for 15 minutes. The heaviest rainfall was recorded at Ngee Ann Polytechnic rain gauge station, at 86.6mm from 3pm to 4.40pm. It peaked between 3.30pm to 4pm, with a rainfall of 51.8mm.[46]