Impact of Aluminium Extrusion Effluent on MBAA River in Inyishi Ikeduru Imo State

Abstract

The study Impact of Aluminum Extrusion Effluent on the Mbaa River Inyishinbsp Ikeduru Imonbsp State. Was carried out in order to ascertain the current quality status of the river. Effluent samples from an Aluminum Extrusion company as well as water and sediment samples from the river were collected in March and June 2017 at four sampling point. Subsequently the Physicochemical quality of the river was studied by analyzing river water and sediment. The effluent discharged into Mbaa River in March showed thatnbsp pH (8.84),Water Temperature (29.00),Biologicalnbsp Oxygen Demand (BOD) (6.50mg/l),Sulphate(13.40mg/l),Nitrate(4.50mg/l),Zinc(3.876mg/l), Iron(0.780mg/l)nbsp and Chromium (0.15mg/l), levels all fell below maximumnbsp limits allowable by NESREA and hence meets working targetsnbsp ofnbsp the quality of effluents dischargeable into surface water. The waste water has a Total dissolved solids (TDS) (14,008.8mg/l), Total suspended solid (TSS) (7,003.00 mg/l), Chloride (2,081.00 mg/l), Aluminium (12.52 mg/l) and Nickel (8.650mg/l) which fell above NESREAnbsp limits , similar trend onnbsp limitnbsp was also observed in June with pH (5.27),Water Temperature (27.30),Biologicanbsp Oxygen Demand (BOD)(5.20mg/l),Sulphate(130.30mg/l),Nitrate(0.113mg/l),Zinc(0.703mg/l), Iron (0.157mg/l)nbsp and Chromium (0.131mg/l). The result on effect of discharged wastewater during the study periodnbspnbsp into Mbaa River showed that the effluent increased the water pH fromnbspnbsp 5.40 -7.20 (6.27 + 0.27), Turbidity ranged from 2.40 - 6.70 (4.84 + 0.58) NTU, Temperature ranged from 26.30 ndash 28.90 (27.76 + 0.33)OC, Cl ranged from 9.35 ndash 12. 05 (10. 36 + 0. 44) mg/l, BOD5 ranged from 2.10 ndash 2.50 (2. 29 + 0.48) mg/l, Ni ranged from 0.67 ndash 1.02 (0.85 + 0. 05) mg/l etc. Was compared with the standards set by NESREA both for the effluent and water samples, also the sediment samples for pH ranged from 4.24 ndash 6.01 (5.00 + 0.22), Ni ranged 0.45 ndash 27. 01 (12.2 + 4.19) mg/kg and Al ranged from 2.08 ndash 14.84 (7.48 + 1.48) mg/kg etc. All parameters were higher in sediments than in water samples for all stations. Thus variance of Descriptive statistics, special and temporal variation, the one way ANOVA test and student t-test was used. It was also observed from the trend analysis that the river capacity to assimilate effluent and be self-purified was not exceeded by the volume of the effluent discharged into it from the factory as its quality was nearly restored within the 1100m distance at Sample 3 and 4. It is recommended that since it takes about 1100m for the river to self-purify, the factory should provide an aerated lagoon/ stabilization pond to enable some biodegradation of the effluent prior to discharge, in order to shorten the distance before self-purification.nbsp It was also found out that careless disposal of the effluent should be discouraged and the need for each extruding industry to install a waste treatment plant with a view to treating waste before discharge into the stream is recommended.