Article Figures & Data

Figures

Seizure (Racine scale stages 3 to 5) frequency in antibody-treated and minocycline-treated mice. C57BL/6 mice were treated, as described in Materials and Methods, with various antibodies or minocycline in conjunction with a DA viral infection, and these mice were monitored for the development of seizures. No significant differences in seizure frequency were seen in any of the mice undergoing antibody treatments compared to wild-type control mice. Minocycline-treated mice had significantly fewer seizures (30%) than wild-type control mice (60.7%). ‡, P < 0.05 (chi-square test). The total number of mice infected (N) is shown over the individual bars of the graph. The percentages of mice with seizures (y axis) were calculated as follows: (no. of mice with seizures/total no. of mice infected) × 100.

GFP expression within the brains of chimeric mice. (a) GFP-positive cells, as determined by immunohistochemistry, demonstrate the presence of adoptively transferred infiltrating cells in the brains of infected mice sacrificed on days 7 and 14 p.i. For the mice on day 7 p.i. that had seizures and those that did not, the irradiated 3-month-old IL-6-deficient chimeric mice reconstituted with wild-type donor cells (WT to IL-6−/−) had significantly more GFP-positive cells than the 5-week-old control mice, the 3-month-old control mice, and the irradiated 3-month-old IL-6-deficient chimeric mice reconstituted with IL-6-deficient donor cells (IL-6−/− to IL-6−/−). For the mice on day 14 p.i. that had seizures and those that did not, the irradiated 3-month-old wild-type chimeric mice reconstituted with wild-type donor cells (WT to WT) had significantly more GFP-positive cells than the 5-week-old control mice and the 3-month-old control mice. In addition, for those mice on day 14 p.i. that did not have seizures, the irradiated 3-month-old wild-type chimeric mice reconstituted with wild-type donor cells (WT to WT) had significantly more GFP-positive cells than the irradiated 3-month-old IL-6-deficient chimeric mice reconstituted with wild-type donor cells (WT to IL-6−/−), while the irradiated 3-month-old IL-6-deficient chimeric mice reconstituted with wild-type donor cells (WT to IL-6−/−) had significantly more GFP-positive cells than the 5-week-old control mice and the 3-month-old control mice. ‡, P < 0.05; *, P < 0.01; †, P < 0.001; **, P < 0.0001 (ANOVA, Fisher's PLSD post hoc test). Results are means + standard errors from groups containing 1 to 19 mice. (b) Representative tissue sections showing infiltrating GFP cells in mice with seizures (left) and those without seizures (right).