tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-40740829796381662842017-08-16T14:22:52.778-07:00tanii agun lusa...lets speak apatani and preserve it for posterityGTnoreply@blogger.comBlogger32125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-2252506733101482182011-09-04T12:22:00.000-07:002011-09-04T12:36:56.640-07:00E-book on Apatani Language
view or download free copy
An ebook- ‘A Guide to Simplified Apatani’- is finally here. It’s a compilation of various posts of this blog with necessary adaptation to meet the immediate need of handy guide on Tanii agun. Comments and feedbacks of visitors of the blog have been looked into and changes have been made wherever necessary.
GTnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-8630280736683178092010-11-09T05:33:00.000-08:002010-11-09T05:35:42.407-08:00Naming of mithuns
Naming of mithuns in Apatani are based on the patterns of colours on their skin. Male and female with similar pattern of colours may have different names. Male names generally start with ‘ta’ as starting syllable and that of female with ‘ya’ as starting syllable. However, there are some patterns of colour for which the bearer have a name irrespective their gender. Following are the GTnoreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-25001166498690653922010-10-06T20:05:00.000-07:002012-07-16T05:46:51.167-07:00Letters and Spelling System in Apatani
English alphabet is being employed to write Apatani for two obvious reasons:
It is known well to all literate Apatanis; and
It is quite convenient, as well, to write Apatani with slight customization of phonological rules of English.
For the purpose of writing Apatani with English alphabets, following points have been considered and used in this blog:
All the consonants, that is,GTnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-21177303689400438342010-09-03T10:29:00.000-07:002012-09-01T04:32:42.896-07:00Hapoli Daka Alyie Atan
[Click here for English translation of the post]
1. Traffic police ka whistle saniin mi tapalala ngo cycle domoto. Mo ngiimi stand daka board mi nyakinne. Hiika board ho ‘PIGS FIRST, PLEASE!’ (Alyi mi inppyokiineto hiila ketogiine.)
Kahii-kakhe biihankiile, alyie anii dore la alyie atu dorhinhe, lembo ho yanu-yanu gubowla done. Yapa kone, scooter domobiitola dola, ngiimi kagebiidola GTnoreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-1087234225278525382010-07-12T11:32:00.000-07:002010-07-12T11:32:08.582-07:00Preposition in ApataniPreposition is a word or group of words that relates its object to another word in the sentence. [As defined in J.E Warner�s Business English for Carrier].
In Tanii agun, unlike in English, preposition is used after noun or pronoun (object).
List of prepositions with example:
ho : on, at, in, to e.g., Table ho kitab do. [Book is on the table]; Ngo siisi Hapoli ho da. [I am now at Hapoli]; GTnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-49873127397587694692010-05-13T11:46:00.000-07:002010-05-21T11:36:41.989-07:00Words that confuseaaba to come together
aba father
abaa put load on something
aban elders(male)
abaan burning pain
aabi come on other behalf
aabie convenient way or means of coming
abbi movement
abi pants/ skirt
abie sufficient
abu many/ numerous/ lot
GTnoreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-10809436339719853502010-05-11T11:14:00.000-07:002010-05-11T11:40:10.950-07:00Sentence Structure in Apatani<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> Basic sentence patterns in Apatani:· subject + verb1. Akki peedo. [dog (is) barking]2. Ngo luchi. [I shall speak.] · subject + direct object + verb1. Ngo lemba chachi (I shall go to village)2. Ngo lemba chalaa-kendo. (I can go to village)3. Paat siibin chilo-biine. (Tiger hunted GTnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-58647909361784148952009-08-25T07:00:00.001-07:002010-05-20T12:10:22.232-07:00Counting or Number Words in Apatani: RevisitedCounting or the number words in Apatani are very elaborate. There are different number words for different classes of objects based on their structural affinity. There may also be a system of number words specific for a particular object.The number words, other than the one used for man, consist of two parts- the root word and the number marker. The root word may be derived from either the GTnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-3774099845457590152009-06-06T08:52:00.000-07:002009-06-06T09:48:20.731-07:00Greetings: As Expressed in ApataniThere are no direct greeting words in Apatani such as ‘Good morning’, ‘Good evening’ and so on. Greetings are expressed indirectly by asking questions. Let’s get familiar with such expressions in Apatani:<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />1. You are going somewhere and saw a people/ group of people (sitting, standing, working etc.) on your way, and you areGTnoreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-6159660965853310192009-04-30T12:27:00.000-07:002009-05-16T21:56:07.842-07:00Confusing Words - 1(edited)(This post has been rewritten to incorporate the scheme of spellings employed by Habung Donyi in his dictionary which are enclosed under parenthesis in red letters e.g, [abi].)<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />There are some groups of words in Apatani which sound quite distinct while speaking but we tend to write them with same spellings thus causing GTnoreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-17868182281543748942009-04-13T10:30:00.000-07:002009-04-24T08:27:54.848-07:00Lyrics of Popular Apatani Song-2Ngunu Lemba Ngiimi Oho BiikoNgunu lemba ngiimi oho biikoano aya ne ano kapyo neYolyan liipa ho kibo piniin hiiparo-liigo ho ropo khoniin hiiaro konchi ho piita adu niin alyin kamo ho hime kheniinpiilo hutho ho nyimun yapa ka gangun beniin hii elu beniin hiiano tapyo ne ano tapyo neLapang-babo, siigang-siilyi, dibii-rungo hii gantii-yasoali-paho, sadi-sapa hii, lutii-giira hii sulu-narungsenyi apuGTnoreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-85796331298236291832009-04-03T14:06:00.000-07:002012-09-01T04:19:46.294-07:00Lyrics of Popular Apatani Song -1
Dopii Doka Ajin
Dopii doka ajin ha
miige tatu ajin ha
ema koter mapa taku ma
manyan macho dola
wui hoter inpa taku ma
aha khiikhii dola
Dopii doka ajin ha
Ngiika apin diigo ho bui giiha bida niin
o tula ho hiiri liiha bida niin
tami une ho mihn diiha bida niin
hurli une ho tarne giiha bida niin
Dopii doka ajin ha
Niimi bilo ngiika riiyi-kiira pa hento
siilo GTnoreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-62818387222288276602009-04-01T09:24:00.000-07:002009-04-01T10:14:50.176-07:00Auxiliaries in Apatani (?)<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> It is not clear if there is auxiliary verbs similar to that in English in Apatani. However, some words and marker elements are suggestive of doing function as auxiliary verbs. If at all they are actually auxiliary verbs, there may not be direct correlation with the one found in English as Apatani and English belong to GTnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-10198468733722392882009-03-11T10:23:00.000-07:002009-03-14T10:01:49.090-07:00The Suffixes and Their Meanings - 1The suffixes (marker word elements or morphemes) used after noun, pronoun, verb, adverb or adjective are consistent with the meaning they denote. Some select suffixes are being taken up for their meanings and usages.Some select suffixes:ja: completion of something by an action as indicated by the verb e.g, lu'ja [complete something(what one has to say) by speaking], mii'ja [complete something by GTnoreply@blogger.com11tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-34479303554548935822009-02-28T06:29:00.000-08:002012-08-12T11:52:48.866-07:00Conversation in Apatani
Samples of day to day conversation:
Sample 1
Tapu : Niika armyan nii hiila-pe?[What is your name?]
Kano : Ngiika armyan hii Kano. Niikii no? [My name is Kano. Yours?]
Tapu : Ngo Tapu. No, VKV homasii-ha, puri dunii? [I’m Tapu. Do you study in V.K.V?]
Kano : IIn, hiila cho. No niitan pa chindu? [Yes, I do. How do you know?]
Tapu :Lonyi-lohin kappyo pa, ngo niimi, Taka agin-ho, GTnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-42709597742511537472009-01-30T10:32:00.000-08:002009-01-30T10:38:12.276-08:00Samples of Conversation in ApataniSamples of day to day conversation: Sample 1<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />Tapu : Niika armyan knii hiila pe?[What is your name?]<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />Kano : Ngiika armyan hii Kano. Niikii no? [My name is Kano. Yours?]Tapu : Ngo Tapu. No, VKV ho masii ha, puri du’nii? [I’m Tapu. Do you GTnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-57093579593002721442009-01-30T10:24:00.000-08:002012-09-01T05:08:34.150-07:00Connectors
Some words which function as connectors to join words, clauses or sentences are listed below:
1. la [and]
e.g, (a) Ram, Laxman la Bharat, miilanru so aane. [Ram, Laxman and Bharat, all of them, came here.]
(b) Pen soye la pencil soye, dukan hokii riibii. [GTnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-71994040054130809672009-01-30T10:02:00.000-08:002009-03-31T19:52:16.423-07:00INTERROGATIVE WORDSFollowings are the principle interrogative words in Apatani:Apatani Englishwhuwhoknii (or nii)whatniida when (future)niido when (past)niihwhichnoh whereniitan how (manner, feeling)nehe how (number)niimkanehow (size, amount, quantity)niimpawhy e.g, Mo niimpa a’ma ne? [Why did not he come?]-nowhat about {based on the noun or pronoun that precede e.g., No-no? [What about you?] ; Mo-no? [GTnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-6634474780402797552009-01-30T07:58:00.000-08:002009-01-30T09:59:09.209-08:00Words for ‘here’ and ‘there’ in Apatani<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />herethere[near the speaker][away from both the speaker and addressee][away from the speaker but near the addressee][far away from both the speaker and the addressee]<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />I. so / siika soinso / inka soho / GTnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-3550835212567213532009-01-30T07:43:00.000-08:002009-01-30T07:56:45.678-08:00DEMONSTRATIVE WORDS<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />Demonstrative wordsCase ICase IICase IIICase IVDemon-strative pronounsi (this)Si ngiika ude [This is my house.]siika si (this)Siika si ngiika ude. [This is my house.]insi (that)Insi ngiika ude. [That is my house.]inka insi (that)Inka insi ngiika ude.[That is my house]hii (that)Hii ngiika ude. [That is my house.]hiika hii GTnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-55434866156981826832009-01-30T07:35:00.000-08:002009-01-30T07:41:37.876-08:00PERSONAL PRONOUNS<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />Following, in the table below, are the personal pronouns in Apatani, which are used as subject. PersonSingularPluralTwosomeMore than twoFirstngo [I]ngiinyi [we (two)]ngunu [we]Secondno [you]niinyi [you (two)]nunu [you]Thirdmo [he/she], si [it]*mo anyi [they (two)], **siika anyi [they (two)]*molu [they]**siika atan [they] GTnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-46322998920276923562009-01-30T07:29:00.000-08:002012-09-01T05:00:32.382-07:00WORDS TO DESCRIBE MOVEMENT OF MAN AND ANIMAL
In Apatani, six verbs are used as ‘to go’ verbs to describe movement of man and animal from one location to the another. They are shown in the table below:
Verb roots
English equivalent
Example
in
to go
School innge. [Go to school.]
aa
1. to come
Ura aato. [Come inside.]
2. to go in
Ura aange. [Go inside.]
lin
1. to come out
Ago linto. [Come outside.]
2. to go outGTnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-44976414070186594772009-01-30T07:26:00.000-08:002009-01-30T07:27:47.676-08:00MOODS IN APATANI<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> Three types of moods, as in English, can be identified in Apatani. They are indicative mood, imperative mood and subjunctive mood. INDICATIVE MOODIndicative mood is to make statement or to ask question.Examples:1. Ngo school in’du. [I go to school.]2. Mo school in’ma. [He/She doesn’t go toGTnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-38030095511816786102009-01-30T07:21:00.001-08:002009-01-30T07:23:41.544-08:00TENSES IN APATANI<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> Followings are the tenses of verbs ‘imi’ (to sleep) and ‘a’ (to come): PASTPRESENTFUTURESIMPLE First personimi to [slept], a’to [came]Imi du [sleep], a’du [come]*imi talyi [shall sleep], *a’chi [shall come]Second personimi ne [slept], a’ne [came]Imi du [sleep],a’du [come]**imi kendo [shall sleep]**a’kin do [shall comeGTnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4074082979638166284.post-55711122380984104312009-01-29T08:09:00.000-08:002009-01-29T08:11:51.026-08:00FORMATION OF WORDS OR PHRASES FROM VERB ROOTS<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> Following are some examples of words or phrases formed from the verb roots ‘a’ (to come), ‘dii’ (to eat) and ‘mii’ (to do). Hope you will familiarized with how verb roots are variously arranged with marker to form words or phrases. (You can replace these verbs by another verbs/ verb roots (from the list of common GTnoreply@blogger.com3