Preamble
The member States of the Council of Europe, the other States party to the European Cultural
Convention, and other States, signatory hereto,
Considering that the aim of the Council of Europe is to achieve a greater unity between its
members for the purpose of safeguarding and realising the ideals and principles which are
their common heritage and facilitating their economic and social progress;
Conscious that sport should play an important role in the protection of health, in moral and
physical education and in promoting international understanding;
Concerned by the growing use of doping agents and methods by sportsmen and sportswomen
throughout sport and the consequences thereof for the health of participants and the future of
sport;
Mindful that this problem puts at risk the ethical principles and educational values embodied
in the Olympic Charter, in the International Charter for Sport and Physical Education of
Unesco and in Resolution (76) 41 of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe,
known as the “European Sport for All Charter”;
Bearing in mind the anti-doping regulations, policies and declarations adopted by the
international sports organisations;
Aware that public authorities and the voluntary sports organisations have complementary
responsibilities to combat doping in sport, notably to ensure the proper conduct, on the basis of
the principle of fair play, of sports events and to protect the health of those that take part in
them;
Recognising that these authorities and organisations must work together for these purposes at
all appropriate levels;
Recalling the resolutions on doping adopted by the Conference of European Ministers
responsible for Sport, and in particular Resolution No. 1 adopted at the 6th Conference at
Reykjavik in 1989;
Recalling that the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe has already adopted
Resolution (67) 12 on the doping of athletes, Recommendation No. R (79) 8 on doping in sport,
Recommendation No. R (84) 19 on the “European Anti-doping Charter for Sport”, and
Recommendation No. R (88) 12 on the institution of doping controls without warning outside
competitions;
Recalling Recommendation No. 5 on doping adopted by the 2nd International Conference of
Ministers and Senior Officials responsible for Sport and Physical Education organised by
Unesco at Moscow (1988);
Determined however to take further and stronger co-operative action aimed at the reduction
and eventual elimination of doping in sport using as a basis the ethical values and practical
measures contained in those instruments,
Have agreed as follows:

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ETS 135 – Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

Article 1 – Aim of the Convention
The Parties, with a view to the reduction and eventual elimination of doping in sport,
undertake, within the limits of their respective constitutional provisions, to take the steps
necessary to apply the provisions of this Convention.
Article 2 – Definition and scope of the Convention
1

2

For the purposes of this Convention:
a

“doping in sport” means the administration to sportsmen or sportswomen, or the use by
them, of pharmacological classes of doping agents or doping methods;

b

“pharmacological classes of doping agents or doping methods” means, subject to
paragraph 2 below, those classes of doping agents or doping methods banned by the
relevant international sports organisations and appearing in lists that have been approved
by the monitoring group under the terms of Article 11.1.b;

c

“sportsmen and sportswomen” means those persons who participate regularly in
organised sports activities.

Until such time as a list of banned pharmacological classes of doping agents and doping
methods is approved by the monitoring group under the terms of Article 11.1.b, the reference
list in the appendix to this Convention shall apply.
Article 3 – Domestic co-ordination

1

The Parties shall co-ordinate the policies and actions of their government departments and
other public agencies concerned with combating doping in sport.

2

They shall ensure that there is practical application of this Convention, and in particular that
the requirements under Article 7 are met, by entrusting, where appropriate, the
implementation of some of the provisions of this Convention to a designated governmental or
non-governmental sports authority or to a sports organisation.
Article 4 – Measures to restrict the availability and use of banned doping agents and
methods

1

The Parties shall adopt where appropriate legislation, regulations or administrative measures
to restrict the availability (including provisions to control movement, possession, importation,
distribution and sale) as well as the use in sport of banned doping agents and doping methods
and in particular anabolic steroids.

2

To this end, the Parties or, where appropriate, the relevant non-governmental organisations
shall make it a criterion for the grant of public subsidies to sports organisations that they effectively apply anti-doping regulations.

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ETS 135 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

3

Furthermore, the Parties shall:
a

b

4

assist their sports organisations to finance doping controls and analyses, either by direct
subsidies or grants, or by recognising the costs of such controls and analyses when
determining the overall subsidies or grants to be awarded to those organisations;
take appropriate steps to withhold the grant of subsidies from public funds, for training
purposes, to individual sportsmen and sportswomen who have been suspended following
a doping offence in sport, during the period of their suspension;

c

encourage and, where appropriate, facilitate the carrying out by their sports organisations
of the doping controls required by the competent international sports organisations
whether during or outside competitions; and

d

encourage and facilitate the negotiation by sports organisations of agreements permitting
their members to be tested by duly authorised doping control teams in other countries.

Parties reserve the right to adopt anti-doping regulations and to organise doping controls on
their own initiative and on their own responsibility, provided that they are compatible with the
relevant principles of this Convention.
Article 5 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Laboratories

1

2

Each Party undertakes:
a

either to establish or facilitate the establishment on its territory of one or more doping
control laboratories suitable for consideration for accreditation under the criteria adopted
by the relevant international sports organisations and approved by the monitoring group
under the terms of Article 11.1.b; or

b

to assist its sports organisations to gain access to such a laboratory on the territory of
another Party.

These laboratories shall be encouraged to:
a

take appropriate action to employ and retain, train and retrain qualified staff;

b

undertake appropriate programmes of research and development into doping agents and
methods used, or thought to be used, for the purposes of doping in sport and into
analytical biochemistry and pharmacology with a view to obtaining a better
understanding of the effects of various substances upon the human body and their
consequences for athletic performance;

c

publish and circulate promptly new data from their research.

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ETS 135 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

Article 6 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Education
1

The Parties undertake to devise and implement, where appropriate in co-operation with the
sports organisations concerned and the mass media, educational programmes and information
campaigns emphasising the dangers to health inherent in doping and its harm to the ethical
values of sport. Such programmes and campaigns shall be directed at both young people in
schools and sports clubs and their parents and at adult sportsmen and sportswomen, sports
officials, coaches and trainers. For those involved in medicine, such educational programmes
will emphasise respect for medical ethics.

2

The Parties undertake to encourage and promote research, in co-operation with the regional,
national and international sports organisations concerned, into ways and means of devising
scientifically-based physiological and psychological training programmes that respect the
integrity of the human person.
Article 7 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Co-operation with sports organisations on measures to be taken by them

1

The Parties undertake to encourage their sports organisations and through them the
international sports organisations to formulate and apply all appropriate measures, falling
within their competence, against doping in sport.

2

To this end, they shall encourage their sports organisations to clarify and harmonise their
respective rights, obligations and duties, in particular by harmonising their:
a

anti-doping regulations on the basis of the regulations agreed by the relevant international
sports organisations;

b

lists of banned pharmacological classes of doping agents and banned doping methods on
the basis of the lists agreed by the relevant international sports organisations;

c

doping control procedures;

d

disciplinary procedures, applying agreed international principles of natural justice and
ensuring respect for the fundamental rights of suspected sportsmen and sportswomen;
these principles will include:
i

the reporting and disciplinary bodies to be distinct from one another;

ii

the right of such persons to a fair hearing and to be assisted or represented;

iii

clear and enforceable provisions for appealing against any judgment made;

e

procedures for the imposition of effective penalties for officials, doctors, veterinary
doctors, coaches, physiotherapists and other officials or accessories associated with
infringements of the anti-doping regulations by sportsmen and sportswomen;

f

procedures for the mutual recognition of suspensions and other penalties imposed by
other sports organisations in the same or other countries.

6

ETS 135 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

3

Moreover, the Parties shall encourage their sports organisations:
a

to introduce, on an effective scale, doping controls not only at, but also without advance
warning at any appropriate time outside, competitions, such controls to be conducted in a
way which is equitable for all sportsmen and sportswomen and which include testing and
retesting of persons selected, where appropriate, on a random basis;

b

to negotiate agreements with sports organisations of other countries permitting a
sportsman or sportswoman training in another country to be tested by a duly authorised
doping control team of that country;

c

to clarify and harmonise regulations on eligibility to take part in sports events which will
include anti-doping criteria;

d

to promote active participation by sportsmen and sportswomen themselves in the
anti-doping work of international sports organisations;

e

to make full and efficient use of the facilities available for doping analysis at the
laboratories provided for by Article 5, both during and outside sports competitions;

f

to study scientific training methods and to devise guidelines to protect sportsmen and
sportswomen of all ages appropriate for each sport.

Article 8 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; International co-operation
1

The Parties shall co-operate closely on the matters covered by this Convention and shall
encourage similar co-operation amongst their sports organisations.

2

The Parties undertake:

3

a

to encourage their sports organisations to operate in a manner that promotes application
of the provisions of this Convention within all the appropriate international sports
organisations to which they are affiliated, including the refusal to ratify claims for world
or regional records unless accompanied by an authenticated negative doping control
report;

b

to promote co-operation between the staffs of their doping control laboratories established
or operating in pursuance of Article 5; and

c

to initiate bilateral and multilateral co-operation between their appropriate agencies,
authorities and organisations in order to achieve, at the international level as well, the
purposes set out in Article 4.1.

The Parties with laboratories established or operating in pursuance of Article 5 undertake to
assist other Parties to enable them to acquire the experience, skills and techniques necessary to
establish their own laboratories.

7

ETS 135 – Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

Article 9 – Provision of information
Each Party shall forward to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, in one of the official
languages of the Council of Europe, all relevant information concerning legislative and other
measures taken by it for the purpose of complying with the terms of this Convention.
Article 10 – Monitoring group
1

For the purposes of this Convention, a monitoring group is hereby set up.

2

Any Party may be represented on the monitoring group by one or more delegates. Each Party
shall have one vote.

3

Any State mentioned in Article 14.1 which is not a Party to this Convention may be represented
on the monitoring group by an observer.

4

The monitoring group may, by unanimous decision, invite any non-member State of the
Council of Europe which is not a Party to the Convention and any sports or other professional
organisation concerned to be represented by an observer at one or more of its meetings.

5

The monitoring group shall be convened by the Secretary General. Its first meeting shall be
held as soon as reasonably practicable, and in any case within one year after the date of the
entry into force of the Convention. It shall subsequently meet whenever necessary, on the
initiative of the Secretary General or a Party.

6

A majority of the Parties shall constitute a quorum for holding a meeting of the monitoring
group.

7

The monitoring group shall meet in private.

8

Subject to the provisions of this Convention, the monitoring group shall draw up and adopt by
consensus its own Rules of Procedure.
Article 11

1

The monitoring group shall monitor the application of this Convention. It may in particular:
a

keep under review the provisions of this Convention and examine any modifications
necessary;

b

approve the list, and any revision thereto, of pharmacological classes of doping agents and
doping methods banned by the relevant international sports organisations, referred to in
Articles 2.1 and 2.2, and the criteria for accreditation of laboratories, and any revision
thereto, adopted by the said organisations, referred to in Article 5.1.a, and fix the date for
the relevant decisions to enter into force;

c

hold consultations with relevant sports organisations;

d

make recommendations to the Parties concerning measures to be taken for the purposes of
this Convention;

8

ETS 135 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

2

e

recommend the appropriate measures to keep relevant international organisations and the
public informed about the activities undertaken within the framework of this Convention;

f

make recommendations to the Committee of Ministers concerning non-member States of
the Council of Europe to be invited to accede to this Convention;

g

make any proposal for improving the effectiveness of this Convention.

In order to discharge its functions, the monitoring group may, on its own initiative, arrange for
meetings of groups of experts.
Article 12
After each meeting, the monitoring group shall forward to the Committee of Ministers of the
Council of Europe a report on its work and on the functioning of the Convention.
Article 13 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Amendments to the Articles of the Convention

1

Amendments to the articles of this Convention may be proposed by a Party, the Committee of
Ministers of the Council of Europe or the monitoring group.

2

Any proposal for amendment shall be communicated by the Secretary General of the Council
of Europe to the States mentioned in Article 14 and to every State which has acceded to or has
been invited to accede to this Convention in accordance with the provisions of Article 16.

3

Any amendment proposed by a Party or the Committee of Ministers shall be communicated to
the monitoring group at least two months before the meeting at which it is to be considered.
The monitoring group shall submit to the Committee of Ministers its opinion on the proposed
amendment, where appropriate after consultation with the relevant sports organisations.

4

The Committee of Ministers shall consider the proposed amendment and any opinion
submitted by the monitoring group and may adopt the amendment.

5

The text of any amendment adopted by the Committee of Ministers in accordance with
paragraph 4 of this article shall be forwarded to the Parties for acceptance.

6

Any amendment adopted in accordance with paragraph 4 of this article shall come into force
on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of one month after all Parties
have informed the Secretary General of their acceptance thereof.

Final clauses
Article 14
1

This Convention shall be open for signature by member States of the Council of Europe, other
States party to the European Cultural Convention and non-member States which have
participated in the elaboration of this Convention, which may express their consent to be
bound by:
a

signature without reservation as to ratification, acceptance or approval, or

b

signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval, followed by ratification,
acceptance or approval.

9

ETS 135 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

2

Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Secretary
General of the Council of Europe.
Article 15

1

The Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of a
period of one month after the date on which five States, including at least four member States
of the Council of Europe, have expressed their consent to be bound by the Convention in
accordance with the provisions of Article 14.

2

In respect of any signatory State which subsequently expresses its consent to be bound by it, the
Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of a
period of one month after the date of signature or of the deposit of the instrument of
ratification, acceptance or approval.
Article 16

1

After the entry into force of this Convention, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of
Europe, after consulting the Parties, may invite to accede to the Convention any non-member
State by a decision taken by the majority provided for in Article 20.d of the Statute of the
Council of Europe and by the unanimous vote of the representatives of the Contracting States
entitled to sit on the Committee.

2

In respect of any acceding State, the Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the
month following the expiration of a period of one month after the date of the deposit of the
instrument of accession with the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
Article 17

1

Any State may, at the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification,
acceptance, approval or accession, specify the territory or territories to which this Convention
shall apply.

2

Any State may, at any later date, by a declaration addressed to the Secretary General, extend
the application of this Convention to any other territory specified in the declaration. In respect
of such territory the Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following
the expiration of a period of one month after the date of receipt of such declaration by the
Secretary General.

3

Any declaration made under the two preceding paragraphs may, in respect of any territory
mentioned in such declaration, be withdrawn by a notification addressed to the Secretary
General. Such withdrawal shall become effective on the first day of the month following the
expiration of a period of six months after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary
General.
Article 18

1

Any Party may, at any time, denounce this Convention by means of a notification addressed to
the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.

10

ETS 135 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

2

Such denunciation shall become effective on the first day of the month following the expiration
of a period of six months after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary General.
Article 19
The Secretary General of the Council of Europe shall notify the Parties, the other member States
of the Council of Europe, the other States party to the European Cultural Convention, the nonmember States which have participated in the elaboration of this Convention and any State
which has acceded or has been invited to accede to it of:
a

any signature in accordance with Article 14;

b

the deposit of any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession in
accordance with Article 14 or 16;

c

any date of entry into force of this Convention in accordance with Articles 15 and 16;

d

any information forwarded under the provisions of Article 9;

e

any report prepared in pursuance of the provisions of Article 12;

f

any proposal for amendment or any amendment adopted in accordance with Article 13
and the date on which the amendment comes into force;

g

any declaration made under the provisions of Article 17;

h

any notification made under the provisions of Article 18 and the date on which the
denunciation takes effect;

i

any other act, notification or communication relating to this Convention.

In witness whereof the undersigned, being duly authorised thereto, have signed this
Convention.
Done at Strasbourg, the 16th day of November 1989, in English and French, both texts being
equally authentic, in a single copy which shall be deposited in the archives of the Council of
Europe. The Secretary General of the Council of Europe shall transmit certified copies to each
member State of the Council of Europe, to the other States party to the European Cultural
Convention, to the non-member States which have participated in the elaboration of this
Convention and to any State invited to accede to it.

11

ETS 135 – Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

APPENDIX

12

ETS 135 – Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

ANTI-DOPING CONVENTION (ETS No. 135)
AMENDMENT TO THE APPENDIX1
approved by the Monitoring Group
under Article 11.1.b of the Convention
at its 28th meeting (Strasbourg, 12-13 November 2008)
THE 2009 PROHIBITED LIST
WORLD ANTI-DOPING CODE
DATE OF ENTRY INTO FORCE : 1 JANUARY 2009
The use of any drug should be limited to medically justified indications
All Prohibited Substances shall be considered as “Specified Substances” except Substances in classes
S1, S2, S.4.4 and S6.a, and Prohibited Methods M1, M2 and M3.

Previously amended on 1 September 1990, on 24 January 1992, on 1 August 1993, on 1 July 1996, on
1 July 1997, on 15 March 1998, on 15 March 1999, on 31 March 2000, 1 September 2001, on 1 January
2003, 1 January 2004, 1 January 2005, on 1 January 2006, 1 January 2007 and on 1 January 2008.

13

ETS 135 – Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

trien-17β-ol-3-one); trenbolone and other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar
biological effect(s).
b. Endogenous** AAS when administered exogenously:
androstenediol
(androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol);
androstenedione
(androst-4-ene-3,17-dione);
dihydrotestosterone (17β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-3-one) ; prasterone (dehydroepian-drosterone,
DHEA); testosterone
and the following metabolites and isomers:
5α-androstane-3α,17α-diol; 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol; 5α-androstane-3β,17α-diol; 5α-androstane3β,17β-diol; androst-4-ene-3α,17α-diol; androst-4-ene-3α,17β-diol; androst-4-ene-3β,17α-diol;
androst-5-ene-3α,17α-diol; androst-5-ene-3α,17β-diol; androst-5-ene-3β,17α-diol;
4-androstenediol (androst-4-ene-3β,17β-diol); 5-androstenedione (androst-5-ene-3,17-dione); epidihydrotestosterone; epitestosterone; 3α-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one; 3β-hydroxy-5α-androstan17-one; 19-norandrosterone; 19-noretiocholanolone.
[Comment to class S1.1b:
Where an anabolic androgenic steroid is capable of being produced endogenously, a Sample will be deemed to contain such
Prohibited Substance and an Adverse Analytical Finding will be reported where the concentration of such Prohibited
Substance or its metabolites or markers and/or any other relevant ratio(s) in the Athlete’s Sample so deviates from the range
of values normally found in humans that it is unlikely to be consistent with normal endogenous production. A Sample shall
not be deemed to contain a Prohibited Substance in any such case where an Athlete proves that the concentration of the
Prohibited Substance or its metabolites or markers and/or the relevant ratio(s) in the Athlete’s Sample is attributable to a
physiological or pathological condition.
In all cases, and at any concentration, the Athlete’s Sample will be deemed to contain a Prohibited Substance and the
laboratory will report an Adverse Analytical Finding if, based on any reliable analytical method (e.g. IRMS), the laboratory
can show that the Prohibited Substance is of exogenous origin. In such case, no further investigation is necessary.
When a value does not so deviate from the range of values normally found in humans and any reliable analytical method (e.g.
IRMS) has not determined the exogenous origin of the substance, but if there are indications, such as a comparison to
endogenous reference steroid profiles, of a possible Use of a Prohibited Substance, or when a laboratory has reported a T/E
ratio greater than four (4) to one (1) and any reliable analytical method (e.g. IRMS) has not determined the exogenous origin
of the substance, further investigation shall be conducted by the relevant Anti-Doping Organization by reviewing the results
of any previous test(s) or by conducting subsequent test(s).
When such further investigation is required the result shall be reported by the laboratory as atypical and not as adverse. If a
laboratory reports, using an additional reliable analytical method (e.g. IRMS), that the Prohibited Substance is of exogenous
origin, no further investigation is necessary, and the Sample will be deemed to contain such Prohibited Substance. When an
additional reliable analytical method (e.g. IRMS) has not been applied, and the minimum of three previous test results are
not available, a longitudinal profile of the Athlete shall be established by performing three no-advance notice tests in a period
of three months by the relevant Anti-Doping Organization. The result that triggered this longitudinal study shall be
reported as atypical. If the longitudinal profile of the Athlete established by the subsequent tests is not physiologically
normal, the result shall then be reported as an Adverse Analytical Finding.
In extremely rare individual cases, boldenone of endogenous origin can be consistently found at very low nanograms per
milliliter (ng/mL) levels in urine. When such a very low concentration of boldenone is reported by a laboratory and the
application of any reliable analytical method (e.g. IRMS) has not determined the exogenous origin of the substance, further
investigation may be conducted by subsequent test(s).
For 19-norandrosterone, an Adverse Analytical Finding reported by a laboratory is considered to be scientific and valid proof
of exogenous origin of the Prohibited Substance. In such case, no further investigation is necessary.
Should an Athlete fail to cooperate in the investigations, the Athlete’s Sample shall be deemed to contain a Prohibited
Substance.]

14

ETS 135 – Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

2. Other Anabolic Agents, including but not limited to:
Clenbuterol, selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), tibolone, zeranol, zilpaterol.
For purposes of this section:
*
“exogenous” refers to a substance which is not ordinarily capable of being produced by the body naturally.
** “endogenous” refers to a substance which is capable of being produced by the body naturally.

S2.

HORMONES AND RELATED SUBSTANCES

The following substances and their releasing factors, are prohibited:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

and other substances with similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s).
[Comment to class S2:
Unless the Athlete can demonstrate that the concentration was due to a physiological or pathological condition, a Sample
will be deemed to contain a Prohibited Substance (as listed above) where the concentration of the Prohibited Substance or its
metabolites and/or relevant ratios or markers in the Athlete’s Sample satisfies positivity criteria established by WADA or
otherwise so exceeds the range of values normally found in humans that it is unlikely to be consistent with normal
endogenous production.
If a laboratory reports, using a reliable analytical method, that the Prohibited Substance is of exogenous origin, the Sample
will be deemed to contain a Prohibited Substance and shall be reported as an Adverse Analytical Finding.]

S3.

BETA-2 AGONISTS

All beta-2 agonists including their D- and L-isomers are prohibited.
Therefore, formoterol, salbutamol, salmeterol and terbutaline when administered by inhalation also
require a Therapeutic Use Exemption in accordance with the relevant section of the International
Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions.
Despite the granting of a Therapeutic Use Exemption, the presence of salbutamol in urine in excess of
1000 ng/mL will be considered an Adverse Analytical Finding unless the Athlete proves, through a
controlled pharmacokinetic study, that the abnormal result was the consequence of a therapeutic dose
of inhaled salbutamol.

Masking agents are prohibited. They include:
Diuretics, probenecid, plasma expanders (e.g. intravenous administration of albumin, dextran,
hydroxyethyl starch and mannitol) and other substances with similar biological effect(s).
Diuretics include:
Acetazolamide, amiloride, bumetanide, canrenone, chlorthalidone, etacrynic acid, furosemide,
indapamide, metolazone, spironolactone, thiazides (e.g. bendroflumethiazide, chlorothiazide,
hydrochlorothiazide), triamterene, and other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar
biological effect(s) (except drosperinone and topical dorzolamide and brinzolamide, which are not
prohibited).
[Comment to class S5:
A Therapeutic Use Exemption is not valid if an Athleteâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s urine contains a diuretic in association with threshold or subthreshold levels of an exogenous Prohibited Substance(s).]

16

ETS 135 – Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

PROHIBITED METHODS

M1.

ENHANCEMENT OF OXYGEN TRANSFER

The following are prohibited:

M2.

1.

Blood doping, including the use of autologous, homologous or heterologous blood or red
blood cell products of any origin.

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MANIPULATION
1. Tampering, or attempting to tamper, in order to alter the integrity and validity of Samples
collected during Doping Controls is prohibited. These include but are not limited to
catheterisation, urine substitution and/or alteration.
2. Intravenous infusions are prohibited except in the management of surgical procedures,
medical emergencies or clinical investigations.

M3.

GENE DOPING

The transfer of cells or genetic elements or the use of cells, genetic elements or pharmacological agents
to modulating expression of endogenous genes having the capacity to enhance athletic performance, is
prohibited.
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor δ (PPARδ) agonists (e.g. GW 1516) and PPARδ-AMPactivated protein kinase (AMPK) axis agonists (e.g. AICAR) are prohibited.

17

ETS 135 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

SUBSTANCES AND METHODS PROHIBITED IN-COMPETITION
In addition to the categories S1 to S5 and M1 to M3 defined above,
the following categories are prohibited in competition:
PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES
S6.

*
The following substances included in the 2009 Monitoring Program (bupropion, caffeine,
phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pipradol, pseudoephedrine, synephrine) are not considered as
Prohibited Substances.
** Adrenaline associated with local anaesthetic agents or by local administration (e.g. nasal,
ophthalmologic) is not prohibited.
*** Cathine is prohibited when its concentration in urine is greater than 5 micrograms per milliliter.
**** Each of ephedrine and methylephedrine is prohibited when its concentration in urine is greater
than 10 micrograms per milliliter.

All glucocorticosteroids are prohibited when administered by oral, intravenous, intramuscular or
rectal routes.
In accordance with the International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions, a declaration of use
must be completed by the Athlete for glucocorticosteroids administered by intraarticular, periarticular,
peritendinous, epidural, intradermal and inhalation routes, except as noted below.
Topical
preparations
when
used
for
auricular, buccal, dermatological
(including
iontophoresis/phonophoresis), gingival, nasal, ophthalmic and perianal disorders are not prohibited
and neither require a Therapeutic Use Exemption nor a declaration of use.

19

ETS 135 – Anti-doping Convention, 16.XI.1989

SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED IN PARTICULAR SPORTS
P1.

ALCOHOL

Alcohol (ethanol) is prohibited In-Competition only, in the following sports. Detection will be
conducted by analysis of breath and/or blood. The doping violation threshold (haematological values)
for each Federation is 0.10 g/L.
•
•
•
•
•