Abstract

Biomechanical performance is an important factor for developing darts players. The darts throw happens so quickly (< 200 ms)
that even the trained eye of an experienced coach has difficulty in identifying the small movement differences that can determine
a player's technical proficiency. Traditionally for high precision sports such as darts, biomechanical information is captured
with an optical marker system, which is immobile, expensive and requires a specialised team to operate. Advances in wearable
sensor technology allow measurement of kinematics using non-invasive sensors embedded in athletic clothing. Data from one
professional player aged 24 y and ranked within the top 60 in the Professional Darts Corporation world rankings and two recreational
players aged 28 and 25 y respectively were used in this analysis. A single custom-built Wireless Inertial Measurement Unit
(WIMU) was placed on the proximal forearm of each participant. Each player performed 150 throws in a real game situation.
Score and the projectile's final position on the target were recorded manually. As reported previously, players with higher
skill level had the ability to regulate a number of variable parameters affecting outcome, for each discrete over arm throwing
action, more effectively then the less skilled players. These parameters included the maximum acceleration of the throwing
arm (std. dev. Pro. 0.1 g, Rec 0.35 g), the maximum speed of the throwing arm (std. dev. Pro. 0.1 ms-1 g, Rec 0.2 ms-1), and
the throw timing (std. dev. Pro. 0.15 s, Rec 0.67 s). These results concur with previous measurements taken using an optical
marker system. Placing WIMU's on a darts player's arm holds potential for coaches to easily measure biomechanical factors,
thus quantifying performance without the need for a complex biomechanics laboratory. Coaches can use this data to fine-tune
elite athletes or to screen younger players for characteristics that are indicative of a potential for high performance.