This research is being done to determine whether viral thymidine kinase (TK) expression in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) virus-associated tumors is sufficient to image.

To evaluate the potential for enzymatic targeting as evidenced by the ability to image 124I-FIAU tracer uptake in tumor at baseline and following chemotherapy or biologic therapy with agents that may induce viral TK activation. [ Time Frame: Baseline, Days 1-3 post chemo ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

Secondary Outcome Measures:

To describe changes in viral DNA in plasma as a function of chemotherapy and the association with imaging by FIAU-PET [ Time Frame: Baseline, pre chemo, post chemo, day 8 post chemo ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

GROUP B 1-3 days after any chemotherapy that may activate viral TK, 4 mCi of I-FIAU are administered, followed 2 - 4 hours later by FIAU-PET-CT.

Other: FIAU-PET-CT scan

1-3 days after any chemotherapy that may activate viral TK, 4 mCi, rather than 2 mCi, of I-FIAU are administered, followed 2 - 4 hours later by FIAU-PET-CT

Other Names:

FIAU

I-FIAU

PET-CT

FIAU-PET-CT

Active Comparator: 2 mCi of I-FIAU

GROUP A 1-3 days after any chemotherapy that may activate viral TK, 2 mCi of I-FIAU are administered, followed 2 - 4 hours later by FIAU-PET-CT.

Other: FIAU-PET-CT scans

1-3 days after chemotherapy, subject get I-FIAU 2 mCi, then have FIAU-PET-CT done 2 - 4 hours after I-FIAU

Other Names:

FIAU

I-FIAU

PET-CT

FIAU-PET-CT

Detailed Description:

EBV and KSHV are associated with a variety of malignancies including some lymphomas, carcinomas and other malignancies. We anticipate that viral TK expression will differ among tumor types and will be adjusted with standard chemotherapies and some investigational agents. This exploratory study is aimed in part at evaluating whether standard regimens or investigational regimens might bring about sufficient activation of the EBV-TK or KSHV-TK in tumors to be therapeutically useful if used in conjunction with FIAU as a radiopharmaceutical.

Eligibility

Ages Eligible for Study:

18 Years to 75 Years

Genders Eligible for Study:

Both

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

Age 18 years or older.

EBV-positive or KSHV-associated malignancy, including but not limited to:

Patients must be able to lie flat for at least 60 minutes and fit on PET-CT scanner.

For post-therapy imaging with FIAU-PET, treatment with standard or investigational agents that can potentially activate herpesvirus TK, including but not limited to the following. Concurrent radiation therapy is permissible:

Platinum compounds (for example, cisplatin, carboplatin)

Anthracyclines (for example, doxorubicin or pegylated doxorubicin)

Tubulin disrupting agents (for example, vincristine, vinblastine)

Rituximab

Gemcitabine

Cytarabine

Histone deacetylase inhibitors

Bortezomib NOTE: Patients who would not receive bortezomib as part of their usual care may receive a one-time dose of bortezomib for the purpose of imaging with 124I-FIAU and FIAU-PET-CT.

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Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00982449