7. Who
declared April 5, 1971 to be "American fighting man's day"
in Georgia?

8. What
demoralizing documents began to run in the New York Times on June 13,
1971?

Answers:

1. Possible
answers:

a.
The murder of South Vietnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem by South Vietnamese
military officers, who was the one South Vietnamese leader with nationalist
credentials.b.
The assassination of President John F. Kennedy. Former Defense Secretary
Robert S. McNamara has written: "I think it highly probable that,
had President Kennedy lived, he would have pulled us out of Vietnam."
Lyndon Johnson's predecessor, assassinated on Nov. 22, 1963, consistently
rejected memos calling for a greater U.S. combat presence. At
the end of the Kennedy years, U.S. casualties numbered 109. Presidents
Johnson and Nixon raised the ante to 58,132.

2. U.S.
President Lyndon Johnson acquired what he regarded as the legal authority
to escalate the war in August 1964 when Congress passed the Tonkin Gulf
Resolution in response to two North Vietnamese gunboat attacks, in the
gulf, on the U.S. Destroyer Maddox and the C. Turner Joy. Whether these
attacks were real or exaggerated is a historical controversy in its
own right.

The resolution,
giving Johnson permission to "take all necessary measures to repel
any armed attack against the forces of the United States and to prevent
further aggression," passed both houses of Congress by a 502-2
margin.

3. "Search
and destroy."

4. The
Vietcong received supplies largely through the Ho Chi Minh Trail, which
ran along the border through Laos and Cambodia.

5. At the
beginning of the Vietnamese lunar new year - Tet - the North launched
what became called the Tet Offensive, a huge simultaneous assault on
dozens of cities in the South, including the capital, Saigon, and the
second-most populous city, Hue. The North may have lost as many
as 60,000 soldiers as compared to about a thousand U.S. casualties and
two thousand South Vietnamese, but it won a major public relations victory.
It was clear that there was no light at the end of the tunnel,
as military authorities had claimed.

6. That
was how reporter Seymour Hersh described William L. Calley, the 26-year-old
lieutenant in charge of the massacre of at least 109 Vietnamese civilians
living in the hamlet of My Lai 4.

7. In response
to Calley's court martial at Fort Benning, the state of Georgia, whose
governor was Jimmy Carter, declared a day of protest.

8. On that
day The New York Times ran the first installment of what were known
as the Pentagon Papers, a classified history of U.S. involvement in
Vietnam supplied to the press by former Pentagon official Daniel Ellsberg.
The documents left no doubt that the authorities deceived and misinformed
the public about the real progress of the war.