Composite materials based on biopolymers are an attractive alternative to conventional composites because of their high biocompatibility, biodegradability and unique functional characteristics. The method developed for the synthesis of material using glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and chloropropyltrimethoxysilane is based on sol-gel processes making possible enhanced control over the final properties of the composite, such as water absorption and the hydrophobic or hydrophilic properties. Thermal studies of the composite show significant complexity of the formation process of the composite, and the possibility of the controlled carbonization into ceramic material.