Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates manufactured using complex nano-patterning techniques have become the norm. However, their cost of manufacture makes them unaffordable to incorporate into most biosensors. The technique shown in this paper is low-cost, reliable and highly sensitive. Chemical etching of solid Ag metal was used to produce… (More)

This research presents a study of a novel method of improving the Lorentz force amplitude of a planer spiral coil EMAT configuration by stacking the coils. A 2D axisymmetric Finite Element Model was developed to study and compare the density of the Lorentz Force (LF) generated at the skin depth by the Stacked Spiral-EMAT (SS-EMAT) configuration on cs70… (More)