In each nozzle, there is a heater that heats (boil) the ink, creating a micro-bubble which forces the ink to spray onto the paper (hence called inkjet/ bubblejet)

Very pure ink is therefore required to prevent printhead damage.

A typical canon printhead contains 6144 micro nozzles. Ink droplet size is 1picoliter (1 billionth of a ml)
In each nozzle, there is a heater that heats (boil) the ink, creating a micro-bubble which forces the ink to spray onto the paper (hence called inkjet/ bubblejet)
Very pure ink is therefore required to prevent printhead damage.

Upon cartridge taken out, residue ink on the ink cartridge holder once exposed to air will begin to dry up.
60ppm formed / second. These particles causes printhead to clog causing permanent white lines.
Changing cartridge should not take more than 3 seconds

Highly popular in low GDP countries. Though there are still sellers for this in Singapore, this is a vicious cycle most users wish to avoid. Say no to refill and insist on factory made NEW cartridge under clean-room (zero dust) condition.

INK + PRINTHEAD together —- TO REFILL

Printhead damaged after several refills.But this is OK since this printhead would have been thrown away in the first place. It does not damage printer in anyway.