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52 Cards in this Set

Kept the W. Berlin population from capitulating (surrendering) to the Soviets, transported supplies in planes to the Western zone of Berlin

Truman Doctrine

Promised American military and economic aid where needed

Marshall Plan

1948, an ambitious program, US provided over $13 billion in grants and credits to reconstruct Europe, Truman's secretary of state: George C. Marshall

Polaris

American's nuclear powered submarine

What was the balance of power, in Europe, during World War II, and how did it change when the war ended?

During the war there was a balance of power, but afterwards the country was left in ruins. During WWII, Italy and Germany were very powerful. After the war, Germany lost its power.

How did United States prove themselves a world power, and even THE world power, after WWII?

Europe's tilt towards Communism scared U.S. policymakers, so President Truman advocated a policy of containing Soviet Communism. They started the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan which showed their ability to give money. The Berlin airlift, bombing of Japan.

What countries went from being foe (during WWII) to friend rather quickly during the beginning of the Cold War? Why?

Stalin went from being America's ally to enemy and the U.S. were no longer Germany's foe, and same with Germany. U.S. gave money because Germany and Japan were in stratigic positions.

Who were the major players in the Korean war?

Soviet Union - sent troops from North Korea to invade the U.S.-backed South Korea, set off the war.
UN Security Council - declared North Korea the aggressor and sent troops to restore peace.
Communist Chinese - Stalin's allies, rushed to rescue Communist regime in North Korea
North Korea
South Korea

What were the outcomes of the Korean war?

In July 1953, an armistice divided the country at roughly the same spot at the start of the war. Many deaths of Americans, Chinese, and Koreans had occured. The war energized America's anti-community commitments.

How do we still see the effects of the Korean War today?

The country is still divided into North (communist) and South Korea

Zionism

European Jews wanted to move to Palestine (holy land), justified by saying there were not Palestinians there

Theodore Herzl

Zionist scholar, Hungarian-born, who helped the Zionist cause

Balfour Declaration

1917, British made land for Jews within Palestine for the Jews to move back to, the tension between Jews and Palestinians start.

King Faruq

Overthrown, ruler in Egypt who was corrupt, supported by British who had troops throughout Egypt

Gamal Abdel Nasser

Egypt, Leader of the Free Officers Movement, endeared to the people because he gave them land, wanted to take control of company controling the Suez canal (goes to Africa)

Free Officers Movement

Egypt, one of the three factions who wanted the British out, overthrows Faruq, take power, work to lisband Communist movement and Muslim brotherhood, took land away from aristocracy and redistributes it to people

Revolutionary Command Council

Parliment that Nasser sets up to govern Egypt once he has taken power.

Why would the British be so intent on protecting their stake in the Suez Canal?

Because it was a key trade route for the British and would have to go around Africa otherwise, Egyptians won

Colons

French settlers in Algeria, people who controled Algeria despite not being natives

Arabs & Berbers

Natives to Algeria, Berbers go back as far as documentation goes ancient people who lived across Africa

FLN

Notional Liberation Front, Berbers/Muslims/Arabs who wanted French out of their country (Algeria), to free them from the French

Chinese Nationalists fled south to set up their own state backed by the US

Jawaharlal Nehru

one of the leaders of the Indian people, wanted modernization and industrialization following the country's freedom

Gandhi

Indian leader, did not want modernization, wanted self-governing villages, when there was violence between Hindus and Muslims he went on a hunger strike, was shot on his way to prayer by a Hindu zealot

What two religious groups made up the vast majority of India's population following WWII?

Hindus and Muslims

British and Indian leaders broke the subcontinent down into what TWO countries?

India and Pakistan

What did Indian and British leaders hope to do by creating two countries?

Hoped to create two countries for all one religion, Muslims & Hindus

Why was there mass violence following the independence of India and Pakistan?

There were still minorities (Muslims or Hindus) in each country

How did Nehru decide India should progress upon gaining independence?

modernization, industrialiation

Leopold Sedar Senghor

President of Senegal, poet, Negritude

Negritude

Longing for their homeland, African pride

Nation

a group of people with the same belief, ethnicity, cultural practices. EX Hindus or Muslims

State

official borders recognized by other countries in the world

Nation-State

a nation living within boundries recognized by other countries, both a nation and a state