1.
Betrayal (1983 film)
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Betrayal is a 1983 film adaptation of Harold Pinters 1978 play of the same name. With a semi-autobiographical screenplay by Pinter, the film was produced by Sam Spiegel and it was critically well received, praised notably by New York Times film critic Vincent Canby and by Chicago Sun-Times film critic Roger Ebert. Distributed by 20th Century Fox International Classics, it was first screened in theaters in New York in February 1983. Betrayal follows significant moments in the extramarital affair of art gallery owner Emma with literary agent Jerry, the best friend of her husband Robert. With titles such as Two years earlier and One year earlier, nine sequences are shown in chronological order with Emma. Pinter based the drama on his seven-year clandestine affair with television presenter Joan Bakewell, at the time, Pinter was married to actress Vivien Merchant. The Seinfeld episode The Betrayal, telecast November 20,1997 was inspired by this movie, borrowing the films structure, events in the episode occur backwards—with the end at the beginning and vice versa. Jeremy Irons as Jerry Ben Kingsley as Robert Patricia Hodge as Emma Avril Elgar as Mrs. Betrayal at AllMovie Betrayal at the Internet Movie Database Betrayal at Rotten Tomatoes

2.
Terms of Endearment
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The film covers 30 years of the relationship between Aurora Greenway and her daughter Emma. The film received eleven Academy Award nominations and won five, brooks won the Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Writing while MacLaine won the Academy Award for Best Actress and Nicholson won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. In addition, it won four Golden Globes, Best Motion Picture – Drama, Best Actress in a Drama, Best Supporting Actor, Aurora Greenway and Emma Greenway-Horton are mother and daughter searching for love. Beginning with Emmas marriage, Aurora reveals how difficult and caring she can be, the film centers around several years as they both find their reasons for going on living and finding joy. Aurora finds Garrett Breedlove, the retired astronaut next door, the relationship between Emma and Aurora comes full circle when Emma is diagnosed with cancer that soon becomes terminal. At films end, they all show different ways of expressing love, there are no awards in Hollywood for being an idiot, Reynolds later said of the decision. The exterior shots of Auroras home were filmed at 3060 Locke Lane, Houston, larry McMurtry, writer of the novel on which the screenplay was based, had received his M. A. at Rice University, a mere three miles from the home. The exterior shots of locations intended to be in Des Moines, Iowa, Kearney, Nebraska, many scenes were filmed on or near the campus of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. During filming in Lincoln, Debra Winger met the then-governor of Nebraska, Bob Kerrey, MacLaine and Winger did not get along with each other during production. MacLaine confirmed in an interview that it was a tough shoot. Chaotic. Likes working with tension on the set, on working with Nicholson, MacLaine said working with Jack Nicholson was crazy but that his spontaneity may have contributed to her performance. She also said, Were like old smoothies working together and you know the old smoothies they used to show whenever you went to the Ice Follies. They would have this elderly man and woman--who at that time were 40--and they had a bit too much weight around the waist and were moving a little slower. But they danced so elegantly and so in synch with each other that the audience just laid back, thats the way it is working with Jack. We both know what the other is going to do, and we dont socialize or anything. Its an amazing chemistry--a wonderful, wonderful feeling, Terms of Endearment was commercially successful. On its opening weekend, it grossed $3.4 million ranking number two until its second weekend when it grossed $3.1 million ranking #1 at the box office, three weekends later, it arrived number one again with $9,000,000 having wide release. For four weekends, it remained number one at the box office until slipping to number two on its tenth weekend, on the films 11th weekend, it arrived number one grossing $3,000,000

3.
Educating Rita (film)
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Educating Rita is a British 1983 drama/comedy film directed by Lewis Gilbert with a screenplay by Willy Russell based on his 1980 stage play. The film stars Michael Caine, Julie Walters, and Maureen Lipman and it won multiple major awards for best actor and best actress and was nominated for three Oscars. A Liverpudlian working-class young woman – hairdresser – Rita wants to better herself by studying literature and her assigned Open University professor, Frank Bryant, however, has long ago openly taken to the bottle, and soon develops misgivings about Ritas ability to adapt to student culture. Bryant is a university lecturer, who describes his occupational ability as appalling. His passion for literature is reignited by Rita, whose technical ability for the subject is limited by her lack of education but whose enthusiasm Frank finds refreshing. The film focuses on Ritas unhappiness with her life in her blue-collar, working-class environment, including her husband who wants Rita to cease her educational pursuits, Rita struggles to fit into a new educated middle-class existence in academia, while seeking a better song to sing. Rita, her search, and her searchs meaning for her, all evolve as she adapts to academia, Lewis Gilbert says it was difficult to raise finance for the film. Columbia wanted me to cast Dolly Parton as Rita, Julie Walters, in her feature film debut, reprised her role from the stage production. The film was shot in Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, is used as the setting for the university, and University College Dublin, in Belfield, Dublin, is used for Ritas summer school. No.8 Hogan Avenue in Dublin 2 near Grand Canal Dock was used for Ritas house in the film, the scene where Rita runs into her ex Denny and his new wife was filmed in the South Lotts area of Ringsend. The scene in France was filmed in Maynooth, County Kildare, the scene in the pub was shot in The Stags Head pub on Dame Court in Dublin. However, the pub which Rita enters is the Dame Tavern which is opposite The Stags Head, filming also took place in Stonybatter with Aughrim St Church being used for the wedding scene. Stanhope St school was used as a production base, the UKs Variety lauds Walters interpretation of Rita as itty, down-to-earth, kind and loaded with common sense. Rita, the review continues, is the antithesis of the humorless, stuffy, Julie Walters injects her with just the right mix of comedy and pathos. Ian Nathan reviewing the film in British Empire magazine calls the film a gem, of Walters and Caine, Nathan opines, hey make a beautifully odd couple, in a love story at one remove. Nathans verdict of the film is one of harming, glittering characterisations that, though they dont run deep, american critic Janet Maslin called the film an awkward blend of intellectual pretension and cute obvious humour. In 2007, while promoting the remake of Sleuth, Caine called Educating Rita the last good picture made before mentally retired. To illustrate the principle of assonance, the repetition of vowel sounds, Dr. Bryant gives as an example the words swans

4.
Tender Mercies
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Tender Mercies is a 1983 American drama film directed by Bruce Beresford. Robert Duvall plays the role of Mac, the supporting cast includes Tess Harper, Betty Buckley, Wilford Brimley, Ellen Barkin, financed by EMI Films, Tender Mercies was shot largely in Waxahachie, Texas. The script was rejected by several American directors before the Australian Beresford accepted it, Duvall, who sang his own songs in the film, drove more than 600 miles throughout the state, tape recording local accents and playing in country music bands to prepare for the role. He and Beresford repeatedly clashed during production, at one point prompting the director to walk off the set, following poor test screening results, distributor Universal Pictures made little effort to publicize Tender Mercies, which Duvall attributed to the studios lack of understanding of country music. The film was released on March 4,1983, in a number of theaters. Although unsuccessful at the box office, it was acclaimed and earned five Academy Award nominations. Tender Mercies won Oscars for Best Original Screenplay for Foote and Best Actor for Duvall, Mac Sledge, a washed up, alcoholic country singer, awakens at a run-down Texas roadside motel and gas station after a night of heavy drinking. He meets the owner, a widow named Rosa Lee. Rosa Lee, whose husband was killed in the Vietnam War, is raising her son, Sonny. She agrees to let Mac stay under the condition that he not drink while working. The two begin to develop feelings for one another, mostly during quiet evenings sitting alone and sharing bits of their life stories, Mac resolves to give up alcohol and start his life anew. After some time passes, he and Rosa Lee wed and they start attending a Baptist church on a regular basis. One day, a reporter visits the motel and asks Mac whether he has stopped recording music. When Mac refuses to answer, the reporter explains he is writing a story about Mac and has interviewed his ex-wife, Dixie Scott, after the story is printed, the neighborhood learns of Macs past, and members of a local country–western band visit him to show their respect. Although he greets them politely, Mac remains reluctant to open up about his past, later, he secretly attends Dixies concert. She passionately sings several songs that Mac wrote years earlier, backstage, he talks to Dixies manager, his old friend Harry. Mac gives him a copy of a new song he has written, Mac tries to talk to Dixie, but she becomes angry upon seeing him and warns him to stay away from their 18-year-old daughter, Sue Anne. Upon his return home, Mac assures Rosa Lee he no longer has feelings for Dixie, later, Harry visits Mac to tell him, seemingly at Dixies urging, that the country music business has changed and his new song is no good

5.
The Right Stuff (film)
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The Right Stuff stars Ed Harris, Scott Glenn, Sam Shepard, Fred Ward, Dennis Quaid and Barbara Hershey. Levon Helm is the narrator in the introduction and elsewhere in the film, in 2013 the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. In 1947, the Muroc Army Air Field in California has test pilots fly high-speed aircraft such as the rocket-powered Bell X-1, but they die as a result. After another pilot, Slick Goodlin, demands $150,000 to attempt to break the sound barrier, war hero Captain Chuck Yeager receives the chance to fly the X-1. While on a ride with his wife Glennis, Yeager collides with a tree branch and breaks his ribs. Worried that he not fly the mission, Yeager confides in friend. Six years later, Muroc, now Edwards Air Force Base, Yeager and friendly rival Scott Crossfield repeatedly break the others speed records. They often visit the Happy Bottom Riding Club run by Pancho Barnes, gordon Gordo Cooper, Virgil Gus Grissom and Donald Deke Slayton, captains of the United States Air Force, are among the pudknockers who hope to also prove that they have the Right Stuff. The tests are no secret, as the military soon recognizes that it needs good publicity for funding. Coopers wife, Trudy, and other wives are afraid of becoming widows, in 1957, the launch of the Russian Sputnik satellite alarms the United States government. Politicians such as Senator Lyndon B. Johnson and military leaders demand that NASA help America defeat the Russians in the new Space Race, the search for the first Americans in space excludes Yeager because he lacks a college degree. Although many early NASA rockets explode during launch, the ambitious astronauts all hope to be the first in space as part of Project Mercury. Although engineers see the men as passengers, the pilots insist that the Mercury spacecraft have a window, a hatch with explosive bolts, however, Russia beats them on April 12,1961 with the launch of Vostok 1 carrying Yuri Gagarin into space. The seven astronauts immediately decide to start the Mercury program, Shepard is the first American to reach space on the 15-minute sub-orbital flight of Mercury-Redstone 3 on May 5. After Grissoms similar flight of Mercury-Redstone 4 on July 21, the capsules hatch blows open, Grissom escapes, but the spacecraft, overweight with seawater, sinks. Many criticize Grissom for possibly panicking and opening the hatch prematurely, Glenn becomes the first American to orbit the Earth on Mercury-Atlas 6 on February 20,1962, surviving a possibly loose heat shield, and receives a ticker-tape parade. While testing the new Lockheed NF-104A, Yeager attempts to set a new record at the edge of space but is nearly killed in a high-speed ejection when his engine fails. Though seriously burned, after reaching the ground Yeager gathers up his parachute and walks to the ambulance, on May 15,1963, Cooper has a successful launch on Mercury-Atlas 9, ending the Mercury program

6.
Testament (film)
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Testament is a 1983 drama film based on a three page story titled, The Last Testament by Carol Amen, directed by Lynne Littman and written by John Sacret Young. The film tells the story of how one small town near the San Francisco Bay Area slowly falls apart after a nuclear war destroys outside civilization. Originally produced for the PBS series American Playhouse, it was given a theatrical release instead by Paramount Pictures. The cast includes Jane Alexander, William Devane, Leon Ames, Lukas Haas, Roxana Zal and, in small roles shortly before a rise in their stardom, Kevin Costner, Alexander was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance. The Wetherly family—husband Tom, wife Carol, and children Brad, Mary Liz, and Scottie —live in the suburb of Hamelin, California, within a 90-minute drive of San Francisco. On a routine afternoon, Carol listens to a message from Tom saying hes on his way home for dinner. At the introduction of the President of the United States, the phone rings but it goes dead along with the TV, suddenly, the blinding flash of a nuclear detonation is then seen through the window. The family huddles on the floor in panic as the towns air-raid sirens go off, minutes later, several of their neighbors are running around on the street outside, dazed in fear, the family hopes Tom will return, but the circumstances are hard to ignore. The suburb of Hamelin survives relatively unscathed, because apparently the town is far enough from San Francisco to avoid blast damage, frightened residents meet at the home of Henry Abhart, an elderly ham radio operator. He reveals that the entire Bay Area and all major U. S. cities are radio-silent, despite Abharts efforts, no one knows or finds out the reason for the attack nor the responsible parties. Rumors from other radio operators range from a Soviet preemptive strike to terrorism, the school play about the Pied Piper of Hamelin was in rehearsal before the bombings, desperate to recapture some normality, the town decides to go on with the show anyway. The parents smile and clap, but their smiles are forced, Hamelin escaped bomb damage, but not the significant radiation from nuclear fallout. The day after the attack, the children notice sand on their breakfast plates, residents have to cope with losing municipal services, food and gas shortages and, ultimately, the loss of loved ones to radiation sickness. Scottie, the first to succumb, is buried in the back yard, Carol screams at a Catholic priest that she will not bury Scottie without his favorite teddy bear. Wooden caskets are used as fuel for funeral pyres instead as the dead accumulate faster than they can be buried, Carol sews together a burial shroud out of bed sheets for her daughter, Mary Liz, who also dies from radiation exposure. While many of the die, older residents fall to rapid dementia. A young couple leave town after losing their infant, hoping to find safety, carols search for a battery causes her to listen once more to her husbands final message on the answering machine. Son Brad, forced into adulthood, helps his mother and takes over the radio for Henry Abhart

7.
Local Hero
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Local Hero is a 1983 British comedy-drama film written and directed by Bill Forsyth and starring Peter Riegert, Denis Lawson, Fulton Mackay, and Burt Lancaster. For his work on the film, Forsyth won the 1984 BAFTA Award for Best Direction, Mac MacIntyre is a typical 1980s hot-shot executive working for Knox Oil and Gas in Houston, Texas. The eccentric chief of the company, Felix Happer, chooses to send him to Scotland to acquire the village of Ferness to make way for a refinery. Mac is a little apprehensive about his assignment, complaining to a co-worker that he would rather take care of business over the phone. Happer, an avid astronomy buff, tells Mac to watch the sky, especially around the constellation Virgo, upon arriving in Scotland, Mac teams up with local Knox representative Danny Oldsen. During a visit to a Knox research facility in Aberdeen, Dr Geddes and his assistant Watt inform them about the scope of the companys plans and they also meet marine researcher Marina. As time passes, Mac becomes more and more conflicted as he presses to close the deal that will spell the end of the quaint little village he has come to love. Ironically, the villagers are tired of the life they lead and are more than eager to sell. Mac receives encouragement from a source, Victor, a capitalistic Soviet fishing boat captain who periodically visits his friends in Ferness. Meanwhile, Danny befriends Marina, who is under the impression the company is planning to build a centre at Ferness. During a date, he discovers that Marina, who seems more at home in the water than on land, has webbed toes, while watching some grey seals, Danny mentions that sailors used to believe they were mermaids, and Marina tells him the sailors were wrong. MacIntyre tries everything to entice Ben to sell, even offering enough money to buy any other beach in the world, Ben picks up some sand and offers to sell for the same number of pound notes as he has grains of sand in his hand. A suspicious MacIntyre declines, only to be there could not have been more than ten thousand grains. Happer finally arrives on site, just in time to forestall a potentially nasty confrontation between some of the villagers and Ben, Happer mistakes the mob for a welcoming committee. When Mac informs him of the snag in the proceedings, he decides to negotiate personally with Ben and in the process, Happer opts to locate the refinery offshore and set up an astronomical observatory instead. He instructs MacIntyre to go home to implement the changes, Danny brings up Marinas dream of an oceanographic research facility and suggests combining the two into the Happer Institute, an idea that Happer likes. Later, Danny finds Marina swimming offshore and tells her the good news, a sombre MacIntyre returns to Houston. The final shot is of the phone box ringing and Mark Knopflers Going Home swelling as the phone rings

8.
The Big Chill (film)
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The plot focuses on a group of baby boomer college friends who reunite after 15 years when one of their old comrades, Alex, commits suicide without warning. Kevin Costner was cast as Alex, but all scenes showing his face were cut, the Big Chill influenced the TV series thirtysomething. Earlier, however, the movie was adapted for television as the short-lived 1985 CBS comedy-drama series Hometown. At the funeral, Harold and Sarah are reunited with friends from the University of Michigan. Also present is Chloe, Alexs much younger girlfriend, after the burial, everyone goes from the cemetery to Harold and Sarahs vacation house, where they are invited to stay for the weekend. During the first night there, a bat flies into the attic while Meg, Sam later finds Nick watching television, and they briefly talk about Karen. The two then go into the kitchen and find Richard making a sandwich, and the three make small talk which turns into a discussion about responsibility and adulthood, at the end of the discussion, Richard states, Nobody said it was going to be fun. At least, nobody said it to me, the next morning Harold and Nick go jogging. Harold tells Nick that his shoe company is about to be bought out by a large corporation. Harold confides in Nick that Sarah and Alex had a five years earlier. Nick comforts Harold by saying, She didnt marry Alex, Richard returns home to look after his kids, but Karen decides to stay in South Carolina for the weekend. Nick, Harold, Michael and Chloe go for a drive, while Sam, Meg reveals to Sarah that she wants to have a child, and that she is going to ask Sam to be the father, knowing now that Nick cant. Out in the countryside, Harold listens to Michaels plans to buy a nightclub, Chloe takes Nick to the abandoned house that she and Alex were going to renovate. She tells him that he reminds her of Alex, to which Nick replies, during dinner, Sarah starts tearing up over Alex as the group talks about him. Harold puts Aint Too Proud to Beg by the Temptations on the stereo, while the others sit around and smoke marijuana, Meg asks Sam to father her baby, but he declines. The next morning Nick, Sam and Harold go jogging, harolds surprise arrives, sneakers for everyone to wear during the upcoming Michigan football game. The group, minus Nick, watches the game on TV, while Sarah tells Karen about her affair with Alex. During the game, Michael offers to father Megs child, alluding to the fact that they had sex in college during the March on Washington, at halftime, Chloe, Sam, Harold and Michael go outside to play touch football

9.
Yentl (film)
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This cultural gender asymmetry that Yentl endures has been referenced in the medical community with the coining of the phrase Yentl Syndrome. The films musical score and songs, composed by Michel Legrand, include the songs Papa, Can You Hear Me. and The Way He Makes Me Feel, both sung by Streisand. Barbra Streisand portrays Yentl Mendel, a living in an Ashkenazi shtetl named Pechev in Poland in the early 20th century. Yentls father, Rebbe Mendel, secretly instructs her in the Talmud despite the proscription of such study by women according to the custom of her community. After the death of her father, Yentl decides to dress like a man, take her brothers name, Anshel. Upon entering the yeshiva, Yentl befriends a student, Avigdor. Things get complicated when Hadasss family cancels her wedding to Avigdor over fears that his family is tainted with insanity, meanwhile, Hadass develops romantic feelings for Yentl, while Yentl herself is falling in love with Avigdor. After much turmoil, Avigdor and Hadass are reunited, while Yentl leaves Europe to go to the United States, Yentl begins with the same premise as Singers original story. Streisands character is a woman growing up in an oppressive society that will not let her pursue her religious education. She is told she must have the soul of a man because of her desire to learn and her talent, curiosity and ambition are considered strictly masculine by her society and religious tradition. Unwilling to live without access to education on the basis of sex, Yentl leaves her home, in doing so, Yentl inadvertently embarks on a journey of self-discovery that defies traditional ideas of gender roles within her community. Yentls defiance of expectation and her reversal of traditional gender roles crosses deeply rooted religious boundaries. Until this point, Yentl only adopts the appearance and occupation of a man, in Singers story, this dual betrayal of nature and the divine plan dooms Yentl to a life of pain, alienation, and shameful dishonesty. After her marriage ends in disaster, Yentl remains trapped forever in her disguise, in Streisands film, Yentls defiance of expectation and definition, a rejection of sexist gender roles, is treated as a virtue. At the films conclusion, Yentl takes this developed, ever-evolving self to America to seek new possibilities and opportunities for discovery, throughout her complex interaction with Hadass and Avigdor, Yentl manages conflict with empathy and respect. Her difficult experiences expand, rather than trap her personality and she does not conform to expectations from her surroundings or from her audience, neither remaining merely a woman hiding in mens clothing nor revealing herself to be neutered or firmly homosexual. She refuses to accept a limited, traditional life, even when offered one in marriage to Avigdor, rather, Yentl becomes a real woman, thoroughly modern and encompassing what society has defined as both masculine and feminine traits. In the end, her pain, her confusion and her loss never destroy her hope or resolve, though Isaac Singer insists that Yentl does not have feminist undertones, many critics and viewers of the film consider Yentl to be a feminist role model

10.
Fanny and Alexander
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Fanny and Alexander is a Swedish drama film which was released to cinemas in Sweden on 17 December 1982, written and directed by Ingmar Bergman. The plot focuses on two siblings and their family in Uppsala, Sweden in the 1900s. The TV version has since released as a complete film. The 312-minute cut, at five hours and 12 minutes, is one of the longest cinematic films in history, Fanny and Alexander is frequently listed among Bergmans greatest works. The story is set during 1907–09, in the Swedish town of Uppsala where Alexander, his sister Fanny and their well-to-do family, the siblings parents are both involved in theater and are happily married until their father, Oscar, suddenly dies from a stroke. Shortly thereafter, their mother, Emilie, marries Edvard Vergérus, the bishop and a widower. The relationship between the bishop and Alexander is especially cold, as Alexander invents stories, for which Edvard punishes him severely, Edvard immediately confines the children to their bedroom. Meanwhile, the rest of the Ekdahl family has begun to worry about their condition, when Emilie secretly visits her former mother-in-law, Helena, to explain what has happened, their friend Isak Jacobi, helps smuggle the children from the house. They live temporarily with Isak and his nephews in their store, Emilie, now in the later stages of her pregnancy, refuses to restore the children to the home. Emilie allows Edvard to drink a large dosage of her bromide sedative and she explains to him, as he shows signs that the medication is working, that she intends to flee the home as he sleeps. He claims that he will follow her family from city to city and ruin their lives, after Emilie gets away, Edvards dying aunt knocks over a gas lamp, setting her bedclothes, nightgown and hair on fire. She runs through the house in flames to seek Edvards help, despite the sedative, he is able to get her off him, but dies shortly thereafter. Alexander had fantasized about his stepfathers death while living with Isak, isaks mysterious nephew, Ismael Retzinsky, explains that fantasy can become true as he dreams it. Alexander encounters the ghost of the bishop who knocks him to the floor, Emilie, having inherited the theatre, hands Helena a copy of August Strindbergs play A Dream Play to read, and tells her that they should perform it together onstage. Initially scoffing at the idea and declaring Strindberg a misogynist, Helena takes to the idea, Bergman intended the film to be his last feature, although he wrote several screenplays afterward and directed a number of TV specials. This most personal of his films was to some extent based on his and his sister Margaretas unhappy childhood under their extremely strict father Erik Bergman. The film simultaneously documents many of Bergmans earlier star actors and an array of prominent Swedish film. Bertil Guve, who gave an acclaimed performance as the boy Alexander, did not choose to pursue acting

11.
The Return of Martin Guerre
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The Return of Martin Guerre is a 1982 French film directed by Daniel Vigne, and starring Gérard Depardieu. It was based on a case of imposture in 16th century France, the film relates a historical case of alleged identity theft. Martin Guerre leaves his wife in a small French village to go fight in a war. Eight or nine years later, Martin returns to resume his life, the man is initially acknowledged and welcomed by the wife, family, and friends because he knows the intimate details of his former life. As time passes, however, vagabonds identify Martin as Arnaud of the village of Tilh. But when Martin makes a demand for money hes owed by his uncle and this leads to a trial on his identity, with his life at stake, since if he is not Martin he and Martins wife Bertrande are adulterers and their children bastards. This trial comprises most of the film, Martin argues well, and the villagers are divided on whether the man is in fact Martin, Bertrande siding with him. After several elevations of the proceedings up to a court in the Parlement, at the last minute, another witness appears in court, bearing an even stronger resemblance to the young Martin and casting everything into doubt once more. The impostor confesses that he was a soldier with the real Martin, even Bertrande changes her mind and says the new witness is Martin. Some time later, De Coras visits the village to tell Bertrande that she has been acquitted and is innocent of conspiracy with Arnaud, but he has deduced that she recognized the impostor from the very beginning and asks her why she claimed he was Martin. She says that he was a husband and man. De Coras asks her then why she changed her mind at the last minute and she says she saw in Arnauds eyes that the case had become hopeless and that he wanted her to feign ignorance so as to live for herself and her children. Arnaud is led to the gallows, repenting all the while, a voiceover closes the historical framework by mentioning that de Coras was executed some years later for his Protestant beliefs. The film was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film by the U. S. National Board of Review of Motion Pictures, in 1983, a book of the same name was published by Natalie Zemon Davis, an American historian of early modern France and professor at Princeton University. She had served as a consultant and helped write the screenplay for the film, sommersby is a 1993 Hollywood remake of the film in English, transposed to the American Civil War and starring Richard Gere and Jodie Foster. A West End musical produced by Cameron Mackintosh, Martin Guerre, was based on the film with additional material from historical accounts. Again, the setting is transposed, in this case to the period of religious turmoil between the Huguenots and the Catholics in sixteenth century France. The first feature film from Timor Leste, A Guerra Da Beatriz was released in 2013 and it is a re-telling of the story of Martin Guerre, but set in the 1980s, during the Indonesian occupation of Timor Leste

12.
That Night in Varennes
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That Night in Varennes is a 1982 Italian and French drama film directed by Ettore Scola. It is based on a novel by Catherine Rihoit and it tells the story of a fictional meeting between Restif de la Bretonne, Giacomo Casanova, Thomas Paine and Sophie de la Borde. They are all traveling together in a coach that is a few hours behind the one that is carrying King Louis XVI, the film was entered into the 1982 Cannes Film Festival. The film was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film by the U. S. National Board of Review of Motion Pictures

13.
La traviata
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La traviata is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave. It is based on La Dame aux Camélias, an adapted from the novel by Alexandre Dumas. The opera was originally titled Violetta, after the main character and it was first performed on 6 March 1853 at the La Fenice opera house in Venice. Piave and Verdi wanted to follow Dumas in giving the opera a contemporary setting and it was not until the 1880s that the composer and librettists original wishes were carried out and realistic productions were staged. For Verdi, the years 1851 to 1853 were filled with operatic activity, in addition, personal affairs in his home town limited his activities that spring, but after Rigolettos success in Venice, an additional commission was offered by Brenna, the secretary of La Fenice. After Verdis return from Paris a contract was signed in May 1852, with performances scheduled for March 1853, Verdi sees The Lady of the Camellias play Verdi and Giuseppina Strepponi had visited Paris from late 1851 and into March 1852. In February the couple attended a performance of Alexander Dumas filss The Lady of the Camellias, as a result of this, Verdi biographer Mary Jane Phillips-Matz reports, the composer immediately began to compose music for what would later become La traviata. Writing to Piave, he added that I dont want any of those subjects that one can find by the hundreds. But at the time, the composer expressed concern about censorship in Venice. As the months dragged on into October, it was agreed that Piave would come to SantAgata, one subject was chosen, Piave set to work, and then Verdi threw in another idea, which may have been La traviata. However, within a time, a synopsis was dispatched to Venice under the title of Amore e morte. However, as Budden reveals, Verdi writes to his friend De Sanctis telling him that for Venice Im doing La Dame aux camélias which will probably be called La traviata, a subject for our own age. Although still bogged down at SantAgata, Piave was sanguine, Everything will turn out fine, Verdi was filled with premonitions of disaster upon his arrival in Venice on 21 February for rehearsals and he made his unhappiness clear to the singers. 19th century The audience jeered at times during the premiere, directing some of their scorn at the casting of soprano Fanny Salvini-Donatelli in the role of Violetta. Though she was a singer, they considered her to be too old. The next day, Verdi wrote to his friend Emanuele Muzio in what has now become perhaps his most famous letter, was the fault mine or the singers. Coincidentally, as Philips-Matz points out, an Italian translation of the play La Dame aux camélias was being presented just a short distance from La Fenice. As Budden notes, it came to be Venice that made an honest woman of Violetta when Verdi allowed a performance at the Teatro San Benedetto, then it was a fiasco, now it has created a furore

14.
Boat People (1982 film)
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Boat People is a Hong Kong film directed by Ann Hui, first shown in theatres in 1982. The film stars George Lam, Andy Lau, Cora Miao, at the second Hong Kong Film Awards, Boat People won awards for Best Picture, Best Director, Best New Performer, Best Screenplay, and Best Art Direction. It was also screened out of competition at the 1983 Cannes Film Festival, in 2005, at the 24th Hong Kong Film Awards, Boat People was ranked 8th in the list of 103 best Chinese-language films in the past 100 years. Boat People was the last film in Huis Vietnam trilogy and it recounts the plight of the Vietnamese people after the communist takeover following the Fall of Saigon ending the Vietnam War. In the late 1970s, a number of Vietnamese refugees flooded Hong Kong. In 1979, Hui was making the documentary A Boy from Vietnam for the RTHK network, in the process of making the film, she collected many interviews conducted with Vietnamese refugees about life in Vietnam following the Fall of Saigon. From these interviews, she directed The Story of Woo Viet starring Chow Yun-fat as Woo Viet, a Vietnamese boat person in Hong Kong, the Peoples Republic of China, just ending a war with Vietnam, gave Hui permission to film on Hainan Island. Boat People was the first Hong Kong movie filmed in Communist China, Hui saved a role for Chow Yun-Fat, but because at that time Hong Kong actors working in mainland China were banned in Taiwan, Chow Yun-Fat declined the role out of fear for being blacklisted. Six months before filming was set to start, and after the crew were already on location in Hainan. At that time, Andy Lau was still a newcomer in the Hong Kong film industry, Hui gave Lau the role and flew him to Hainan before a proper audition or even seeing what he looked like. Three years after covering Danang during the communist takeover, Akutagawa is invited back to Vietnam to report on life after the war. He is guided by a government minder to a New Economic Zone near Danang and is shown a group of schoolchildren happily playing, singing songs praising Ho Chi Minh, the scene that he sees is actually staged to deceive the foreign press. In Danang, he witnesses a fire and is beaten by the police for taking photos without permission and he also sees the police beating up a reactionary. Later he sees a family being forced to leave the city to a New Economic Zone and wonders why they would not want to go there, in the city, he meets Cam Nuong and her family. Her mother secretly works as a prostitute to raise her children and she has two younger brothers, the older one, Nhac, is a street-smart boy who is conversant in American slang, while the younger boy, Lang, was fathered by a Korean that her mother serviced. From Cam Nuong, Akutagawa learns the details of life under communism in Danang, including children searching for valuables in freshly executed corpses in the chicken farm. One day, Nhac finds an unexploded ordnance while scavenging in the garbage and is killed, at the chicken farm, Akutagawa meets To Minh, a young man who was just released from the New Economic Zone. After To Minh attempts to rob Akutagawas camera, he is tried, Akutagawa uses his connections with an official to follow him there

15.
Tom Conti
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Thomas Antonio Tom Conti is a Scottish actor, theatre director and novelist of Italian Scots descent. He has won a Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play in 1979 for his performance in Whose Life Is It Anyway and he has also been nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor for the 1983 film, Reuben, Reuben. Conti was born in Paisley, Renfrewshire, the son of hairdressers Mary and he was brought up Roman Catholic, but he considers himself anti-religious. Contis father was Italian and his mother was Scottish, Conti was educated at Hamilton Park School, an independent Catholic boys school in Glasgow, and at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in Glasgow. Conti is a theatre, film and television actor and he began working with the Dundee Repertory in 1959. He appeared on Broadway in Whose Life Is It Anyway, in 1979, and in London he played the lead in Jeffrey Bernard is Unwell at the Garrick Theatre. Contis novel The Doctor, about a former Secret Operations pilot with Intelligence Services, was published in 2004 and he appeared in the hit BBC sitcom Miranda alongside Miranda Hart and Patricia Hodge, as Mirandas father, in the 2010 seasonal episode The Perfect Christmas. Conti has been married to Scottish actress Kara Wilson since 1967 and their daughter Nina is an actress and ventriloquist, Conti is a prominent resident of Hampstead in north west London, having lived in the area for several decades. Conti was part of a campaign against the opening of a Tesco supermarket in nearby Belsize Park, Conti put his Hampstead house up for sale in 2015 for £17.5 million after his long running opposition to the building plans of his neighbour, the footballer Thierry Henry. Conti had also opposed development plans for Hampsteads Grove Lodge, the 18th-century Grade II listed former home of novelist John Galsworthy, Conti considered running as the Conservative candidate in the 2008 London mayoral election. However he did not, and in the election in 2012. In the run up to the 2015 general election, he said in an interview published in newspapers that he had come to view socialism as a religion with a vicious. And that Conservatism was about enabling people to improve their lives

16.
Reuben, Reuben
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Reuben, Reuben is a 1983 comedy-drama film directed by Robert Ellis Miller and starring Tom Conti, Kelly McGillis, Roberts Blossom, Cynthia Harris, and Joel Fabiani. The film was adapted by Julius J. Epstein from the play Spofford by Herman Shumlin, Gowan is something of a leech, cadging expensive dinners from well-off patrons while seducing their bored wives and affecting a superior attitude toward the smug bourgeois types he exploits. Although a talented poet, he is also a chronic drunk, Gowan falls in love with a young college student, Geneva Spofford, who has everything to lose from a relationship with a drunken deadbeat poet unable to hold a job. He also suffers an ironic comeuppance from Dr. Jack Haxby, the dentist, after finding out about the poets affair with his wife, uses the ruse of free dental care for ruining Gowans smile and forcing him to wear dentures. When Gowan finds out, it is too late. Gowan prepares to hang himself, but while dictating his last thoughts into a recorder, he comes up with some good lines. The films title comprises Gowans final words, an attempt to halt the dog. Reuben, Reuben was nominated for Academy Awards for Best Actor in a Leading Role and Best Writing, Reuben, Reuben at the Internet Movie Database Movie stills

17.
Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence
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Merry Christmas, Mr. Sakamoto also wrote the score and the vocal theme Forbidden Colours, featuring David Sylvian. The film was entered into the 1983 Cannes Film Festival in competition for the Palme dOr, sakamotos score also won the film a BAFTA Award for Best Film Music. Just as Celliers is tormented with guilt, Yonoi is haunted with shame, having been posted to Manchuria previously, he was unable to be in Tokyo with his Army comrades, the Shining Young Officers of Japans February 26 Incident, a 1936 military coup détat. When the coup failed, the army officers were executed. Yonoi regrets not being able to share their patriotic sacrifice, Jack Celliers had betrayed his younger brother while the two of them were attending boarding school in South Africa. Although Celliers confesses this only to Lawrence, Captain Yonoi senses in Celliers a kindred spirit and he wants to replace British RAAF Group Captain Hicksley with Celliers as the spokesman for the prisoners. As Celliers is interned in the camp, Yonoi seems to develop a fixation with him, often asking Hara about him. However, later on, Yonoi becomes enraged by Celliers behaviour and has him, Yonois batman suspects the mental hold that Celliers has on Yonoi so he tries to kill Celliers but fails in the attempt. Celliers manages to escape his cell and rescues Lawrence, only to be thwarted by Yonoi unexpectedly, Yonoi challenges Celliers to single combat saying If you defeat me, you will be free but Celliers refuses, thrusting his prior assailants bayonet into the sand. Yonois batman then commits seppuku in atonement after urging Yonoi to kill Celliers before Celliers can destroy Yonoi, a transmission radio is later discovered in the possession of the POWs by the Japanese when Celliers deliberately broke the ration suspension, with Celliers and Lawrence forced to take the blame. Thrown into nearby holding cells, the two men reminiscence about their pasts before their planned execution, during Christmas Eve, a drunken Sergeant Hara orders both Celliers and Lawrence to be brought to him. Hara then tells them that he is playing Santa Claus, as the men leave, he then calls out for the first time in English, Merry Christmas, Lawrence. Hicksley, constantly worried that Yonoi wanted to him as the POW camp commander then demanded an explanation. Furious that Hicksley pressed for an answer, the camp is paraded on Yonois order. All prisoners are prompted to form lines outside the barracks, including sick, the climax of the film is reached when Yonoi is ready to kill the POWs commander for not having all the men present for parade. Celliers breaks the rank and walks decisively in Yonois direction, between him and the man about to be executed and ends up resolutely kissing Yonoi on each cheek with a straight face, Celliers is then attacked and beaten up by the Japanese soldiers. Captain Yonoi goes to Celliers when there is no one around and he then pays his respects and leaves, and Celliers dies shortly afterwards. In 1946, four years later, Lawrence visits Sergeant Hara, Lawrence tells him that Yonoi had given him a lock of Celliers hair and told him to take it to his village in Japan, where he should place it in a shrine

18.
Shirley MacLaine
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Shirley MacLaine is an American film, television and theater actress, singer, dancer, activist and author. She is known for her New Age beliefs, and has an interest in spirituality and she has written a series of autobiographical works that describe these beliefs, document her world travels, and describe her Hollywood career. She has also won five competitive Golden Globe Awards and received the Golden Globe Cecil B, deMille Award at the 1998 ceremony. Named after Shirley Temple, Shirley MacLean Beaty was born in Richmond, MacLaines younger brother is the actor, writer and director Warren Beatty, he changed the spelling of his surname when he became an actor. Their parents raised them as Baptists and her uncle was A. A. MacLeod, a Communist member of the Ontario legislature in the 1940s. MacLaine played baseball in a team, holding the record for most home runs which earned her the nickname Powerhouse. During the 1950s, the family resided in the Dominion Hills section of Arlington. As a toddler she had weak ankles and would fall over with the slightest misstep and this was the beginning of her interest in performing. Strongly motivated by ballet, she never missed a class, in classical romantic pieces like Romeo and Juliet and The Sleeping Beauty, she always played the boys roles due to being the tallest in the group and the absence of males in the class. Ultimately she decided against making a career of professional ballet because she had grown too tall and was unable to acquire perfect technique and she explained that she didnt have the ideal body type, lacking the requisite beautifully constructed feet of high arches, high insteps and a flexible ankle. Also slowly realizing ballets propensity to be too all-consuming, and ultimately limiting, she moved on to forms of dancing, acting. She attended Washington-Lee High School, where she was on the cheerleading squad, the summer before her senior year, she went to New York City to try acting on Broadway, and had some success. After she graduated, she returned and within a year became an understudy to actress Carol Haney in The Pajama Game, Haney broke her ankle, a few months after, with Haney still injured, film producer Hal B. Wallis saw MacLaines performance, and signed her to work for Paramount Pictures and she later sued Wallis over a contractual dispute, a suit that has been credited with ending the old-style studio star system of actor management. MacLaine made her debut in Alfred Hitchcocks The Trouble with Harry. This was quickly followed by her role in the Martin and Lewis film Artists, soon afterwards, she had a role in Around the World in 80 Days. This was followed by Hot Spell and a role in Some Came Running, for the latter film she gained her first Academy Award nomination. Her second Oscar nomination came two years later for The Apartment, starring with Jack Lemmon, the film won five Oscars, including Best Director for Billy Wilder

19.
Jack Nicholson
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John Joseph Jack Nicholson is an American actor and filmmaker, who has performed for over 60 years. Nicholson is known for playing a range of starring or supporting roles, including satirical comedy, romance and dark portrayals of antiheroes. In many of his films, he has played the eternal outsider, Nicholsons 12 Academy Award nominations make him the most nominated male actor in the Academys history. Nicholson has won the Academy Award for Best Actor twice, one for the drama One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and he also won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the comedy-drama Terms of Endearment. Nicholson is one of three actors to win three Academy Awards. Nicholson is one of two actors to be nominated for an Academy Award for acting in every decade from the 1960s to the 2000s. He has won six Golden Globe Awards, and received the Kennedy Center Honor in 2001, in 1994, he became one of the youngest actors to be awarded the American Film Institutes Life Achievement Award. He played Jack Torrance in Stanley Kubricks horror film The Shining, the Joker in Tim Burtons superhero film Batman, other films include the legal drama A Few Good Men, the Sean Penn-directed mystery film The Pledge, and the comedy-drama About Schmidt. Nicholson was born on April 22,1937, in Neptune City, New Jersey, Nicholsons mother was of Irish, English, and German descent. She married Italian-American showman Donald Furcillo in 1936, before realizing that he was already married, biographer Patrick McGilligan stated in his book Jacks Life that Latvian-born Eddie King, Junes manager, may have been Nicholsons biological father, rather than Furcillo. Other sources suggest June Nicholson was unsure of who the father was, in 1974, Time magazine researchers learned, and informed Nicholson, that his sister, June, was actually his mother, and his other sister, Lorraine, was really his aunt. By this time, both his mother and grandmother had died, on finding out, Nicholson said it was a pretty dramatic event, but it wasnt what Id call traumatizing. I was pretty well psychologically formed. Nicholson grew up in Neptune City, New Jersey and he was raised in his mothers Roman Catholic religion. Before starting high school, his family moved to an apartment in Spring Lake, nick, as he was known to his high school friends, attended nearby Manasquan High School, where he was voted class clown by the Class of 1954. He was in every day for a whole school year. A theatre and an award at the school are named in his honor. In 2004, Nicholson attended his 50-year high school reunion accompanied by his aunt Lorraine and he served a tour of duty in the Air National Guard. Nicholson first came to Hollywood in 1954, when he was 17 and he took a job as an office worker for animators William Hanna and Joseph Barbera at the MGM cartoon studio

20.
The Year of Living Dangerously (film)
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The story is about a love affair set in Indonesia during the overthrow of President Sukarno. It follows a group of correspondents in Jakarta on the eve of an attempted coup by the 30 September Movement in 1965. The film stars Mel Gibson as an Australian journalist, and Sigourney Weaver as a British Embassy officer and it also stars Linda Hunt as the male dwarf Billy Kwan, Hamiltons local photographer contact, a role for which Hunt won the 1983 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. The film was shot in both Australia and the Philippines and includes Australian actors Bill Kerr as Colonel Henderson and Noel Ferrier as Wally OSullivan and it was banned from being shown in Indonesia until 1999, after the forced resignation of coup-leader and political successor Suharto in 1998. The title The Year of Living Dangerously is a quote which refers to a famous Italian phrase used by Sukarno, vivere pericolosamente, Sukarno used the line for the title of his Indonesian Independence Day speech of 1964. Guy Hamilton, a foreign correspondent for an Australian network. Hamilton is initially unsuccessful because his predecessor, tired of life in Indonesia, had departed without introducing Hamilton to his contacts. He receives limited sympathy from the journalist community, which competes for scraps of information from Sukarnos government, the Communist Party of Indonesia, however, Kwan takes a liking to Hamilton and arranges interviews for him with key political figures. Kwan introduces Hamilton to Jill Bryant, a young assistant at the British embassy. Kwan and Bryant are close friends, and he manipulates her encounters with Hamilton. After resisting Hamilton because shes returning to the United Kingdom, Bryant falls in love with him. Shocked, Kwan and Bryant withdraw their friendship from Hamilton, and he is left with the American journalist Pete Curtis, and his own assistant and driver Kumar, Kumar, however, remains loyal to Hamilton and tries to open his eyes to all that is going on. His death is witnessed by Jill. Still in search of the big story, Hamilton visits the Presidential palace after the generals have taken over and unleashed executions. Struck down by an Army officer, Hamilton suffers a detached retina, resting alone in Kwans bungalow, Hamilton recalls a passage from the Bhagavad Gita which Billy told him. Kumar visits him and tells him about the coup attempt. Risking permanent damage to his eye, a heavily bandaged Hamilton implores Kumar to drive him to the airport, a number of filmmakers were interested in buying the rights to Christopher Kochs novel including Phillip Noyce. It was Peter Weir who was successful, Koch wrote an early draft but Weir was unhappy with it

21.
James L. Brooks
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James Lawrence Jim Brooks is an American director, producer and screenwriter. Growing up in North Bergen, New Jersey, Brooks endured a fractured family life, after dropping out of New York University, he got a job as an usher at CBS, going on to write for the CBS News broadcasts. He moved to Los Angeles in 1965 to work on David L. Wolpers documentaries, after being laid off he met producer Allan Burns who secured him a job as a writer on the series My Mother the Car. Brooks wrote for several shows before being hired as an editor on My Friend Tony. Grant Tinker hired Brooks and Burns at MTM Productions to create The Mary Tyler Moore Show in 1970, the show, one of the first to feature an independent working woman as its lead character, was critically acclaimed and won Brooks several Primetime Emmy Awards. Brooks and Burns then created two successful spin-offs from Mary Tyler Moore in the shape of Rhoda and Lou Grant, Brooks left MTM Productions in 1978 to co-create the sitcom Taxi which, despite winning multiple Emmys, suffered from low ratings and was canceled twice. Brooks moved into film work when he wrote and co-produced the 1979 film Starting Over. His next project was the acclaimed film Terms of Endearment. Basing his next film, Broadcast News, on his journalistic experiences, although his 1994 work Ill Do Anything was hampered by negative press attention due to the cutting of all of its recorded musical numbers, As Good as It Gets earned further praise. It was seven years until his film, 2004s Spanglish. His sixth film, How Do You Know, was released in 2010, Brooks also produced and mentored Cameron Crowe on Say Anything. And Wes Anderson and Owen Wilson on Bottle Rocket, in 1984, Brooks founded the television and film company, Gracie Films. Although he did not intend to do so, Brooks returned to television in 1987 as the producer of The Tracey Ullman Show and he hired cartoonist Matt Groening to create a series of shorts for the show, which eventually led to The Simpsons in 1989. The Simpsons won numerous awards and is still running, Brooks also co-produced and co-wrote the 2007 film adaptation of the show, The Simpsons Movie. In total, Brooks has received 47 Emmy nominations, winning 20 of them, Brooks was born James Lawrence Brooks on May 9,1940 in Brooklyn, New York, United States, and raised in North Bergen, New Jersey. His parents, Dorothy Helen and Edward M. Brooks, were both salespeople, the Brooks family was Jewish, Edward Brooks changed his surname from Bernstein and claimed to be Irish. Brooks father abandoned his mother when he found out she was pregnant with him, during the pregnancy, Brooks father sent his wife a postcard stating that If its a boy, name him Jim. His mother died when he was 22 and he has an older sister, Diane, who helped look after him as a child and to whom he dedicated As Good As It Gets

22.
Gregory Peck
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Eldred Gregory Peck was an American actor who was one of the most popular film stars from the 1940s to the 1960s. Peck continued to major film roles until the late 1980s. His performance as Atticus Finch in the 1962 film To Kill a Mockingbird earned him the Academy Award for Best Actor and he had also been nominated for an Oscar for the same category for The Keys of the Kingdom, The Yearling, Gentlemans Agreement and Twelve OClock High. Other notable films he appeared in include Spellbound, Roman Holiday, Moby Dick, The Guns of Navarone, Cape Fear, How the West Was Won, The Omen, President Lyndon Johnson honored Peck with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1969 for his lifetime humanitarian efforts. In 1999, the American Film Institute named Peck among Greatest Male Stars of Classic Hollywood cinema and he was named to the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame in 1983. His father was of English and Irish heritage and his mother of English and she converted to her husbands religion, Roman Catholicism, when she married his father, and Peck was raised as a Catholic. Pecks parents divorced when he was five and he was brought up by his maternal grandmother, at the age of 10 he was sent to a Catholic military school, St. Johns Military Academy in Los Angeles. While he was a student there, his grandmother died, at 14, he moved back to San Diego to live with his father, attended San Diego High School, and after graduating enrolled for one year at San Diego State Teachers College. While there he joined the team, took his first theatre and public-speaking courses. Peck however had ambitions to be a doctor and the following year gained admission to the University of California, Berkeley, as an English major, standing 6 ft 3 in, he rowed on the university crew. Although his tuition fee was only $26 per year, Peck still struggled to pay, at Berkeley, encouraged by the acting coach, who saw in him perfect material for university theatre, Peck became more and more interested in acting. He was recruited by Edwin Duerr, director of the universitys Little Theater, Peck would later say about Berkeley that, it was a very special experience for me and three of the greatest years of my life. It woke me up and made me a human being, in 1997, Peck donated $25,000 to the Berkeley rowing crew in honor of his coach, the renowned Ky Ebright. He was often broke and sometimes slept in Central Park and he worked at the 1939 Worlds Fair and as a tour guide for NBCs television broadcasting. In 1940, Peck learned more of the craft, working in exchange for food, at the Barter Theatre in Abingdon, Virginia, appearing in five plays including Family Portrait. His stage career began in 1941 when he played the secretary in a Katharine Cornell production of George Bernard Shaws play The Doctors Dilemma, unfortunately, the play opened in San Francisco just one week before the attack on Pearl Harbor. He made his Broadway debut as the lead in Emlyn Williams The Morning Star in 1942 and his second Broadway performance that year was in The Willow and I with Edward Pawley. Twentieth Century Fox claimed he had injured his back while rowing at university, ive been trying to straighten out that story for years

23.
National Board of Review
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The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures was founded in 1909 in New York City, just 13 years after the birth of cinema, to protest New York City Mayor George B. McClellan, Jr. s revocation of moving-picture exhibition licenses on Christmas Eve 1908, the mayor believed that the new medium degraded the morals of community. Its stated purpose was to endorse films of merit and champion the new art of the people, in an effort to avoid government censorship of films, the National Board became the unofficial clearinghouse for new movies. From 1916 into the 1950s thousands of motion pictures carried the legend Passed by the National Board of Review in their main titles, however, the Board was a de facto censorship organization. Producers submitted their films to the Board before making release prints, they agreed to cut out any footage that the Board found objectionable, up to and including destroying the entire film. In 1930, the NBR was the first group to choose the ten best English-language movies of the year and the best foreign films, everson, Alistair Cooke, and Pearl Buck. In addition, the Awards Jury helps to determine the special achievement awards presented at the gala in January. The organization also works to foster commentary on all aspects of production by underwriting educational film programs. In 2016, the NBR reached out to the community to The Reel Works Teen Filmmaking, The Ghetto Film School, the organization also awarded grants to seventeen student filmmakers as part of its annual Student Grant Program. The boardss official magazine had existed in several forms and different names since its inception, in 1950 the magazine changed its name from Screen Magazine, and launched the first issue as Films in Review on February 1,1950. Note, Until 1945, there were awards for Best Picture and intermittent awards for Best Documentary. Motion Picture Production Code Official website

Betrayal (1983 film)
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Betrayal is a 1983 film adaptation of Harold Pinters 1978 play of the same name. With a semi-autobiographical screenplay by Pinter, the film was produced by Sam Spiegel and it was critically well received, praised notably by New York Times film critic Vincent Canby and by Chicago Sun-Times film critic Roger Ebert. Distributed by 20th Century Fox In

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Theatrical release poster

Terms of Endearment
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The film covers 30 years of the relationship between Aurora Greenway and her daughter Emma. The film received eleven Academy Award nominations and won five, brooks won the Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Writing while MacLaine won the Academy Award for Best Actress and Nicholson won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Act

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Theatrical release poster

Educating Rita (film)
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Educating Rita is a British 1983 drama/comedy film directed by Lewis Gilbert with a screenplay by Willy Russell based on his 1980 stage play. The film stars Michael Caine, Julie Walters, and Maureen Lipman and it won multiple major awards for best actor and best actress and was nominated for three Oscars. A Liverpudlian working-class young woman –

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Theatrical release poster

Tender Mercies
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Tender Mercies is a 1983 American drama film directed by Bruce Beresford. Robert Duvall plays the role of Mac, the supporting cast includes Tess Harper, Betty Buckley, Wilford Brimley, Ellen Barkin, financed by EMI Films, Tender Mercies was shot largely in Waxahachie, Texas. The script was rejected by several American directors before the Australia

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Theatrical release poster

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The central setting of Tender Mercies was chosen largely due to the lack of physical structures in the barren landscape around it. A sense of loneliness was crucial to how director Bruce Beresford wanted to tell the story.

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Tess Harper as Rosa Lee, Robert Duvall as Mac Sledge, and Allan Hubbard as Sonny, in costumes designed by Elizabeth McBride

The Right Stuff (film)
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The Right Stuff stars Ed Harris, Scott Glenn, Sam Shepard, Fred Ward, Dennis Quaid and Barbara Hershey. Levon Helm is the narrator in the introduction and elsewhere in the film, in 2013 the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, or aesthetically si

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Theatrical release poster

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A replica of the Glamorous Glennis which was used in filming The Right Stuff. Now on display at the Kansas Cosmosphere and Space Center in Hutchinson, Kansas.

Testament (film)
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Testament is a 1983 drama film based on a three page story titled, The Last Testament by Carol Amen, directed by Lynne Littman and written by John Sacret Young. The film tells the story of how one small town near the San Francisco Bay Area slowly falls apart after a nuclear war destroys outside civilization. Originally produced for the PBS series A

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DVD cover

Local Hero
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Local Hero is a 1983 British comedy-drama film written and directed by Bill Forsyth and starring Peter Riegert, Denis Lawson, Fulton Mackay, and Burt Lancaster. For his work on the film, Forsyth won the 1984 BAFTA Award for Best Direction, Mac MacIntyre is a typical 1980s hot-shot executive working for Knox Oil and Gas in Houston, Texas. The eccent

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Theatrical release poster

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Pennan, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, which featured as the fictional village of Ferness

The Big Chill (film)
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The plot focuses on a group of baby boomer college friends who reunite after 15 years when one of their old comrades, Alex, commits suicide without warning. Kevin Costner was cast as Alex, but all scenes showing his face were cut, the Big Chill influenced the TV series thirtysomething. Earlier, however, the movie was adapted for television as the s

Yentl (film)
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This cultural gender asymmetry that Yentl endures has been referenced in the medical community with the coining of the phrase Yentl Syndrome. The films musical score and songs, composed by Michel Legrand, include the songs Papa, Can You Hear Me. and The Way He Makes Me Feel, both sung by Streisand. Barbra Streisand portrays Yentl Mendel, a living i

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Theatrical release poster

Fanny and Alexander
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Fanny and Alexander is a Swedish drama film which was released to cinemas in Sweden on 17 December 1982, written and directed by Ingmar Bergman. The plot focuses on two siblings and their family in Uppsala, Sweden in the 1900s. The TV version has since released as a complete film. The 312-minute cut, at five hours and 12 minutes, is one of the long

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Original Swedish release poster

The Return of Martin Guerre
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The Return of Martin Guerre is a 1982 French film directed by Daniel Vigne, and starring Gérard Depardieu. It was based on a case of imposture in 16th century France, the film relates a historical case of alleged identity theft. Martin Guerre leaves his wife in a small French village to go fight in a war. Eight or nine years later, Martin returns t

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The Return of Martin Guerre

That Night in Varennes
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That Night in Varennes is a 1982 Italian and French drama film directed by Ettore Scola. It is based on a novel by Catherine Rihoit and it tells the story of a fictional meeting between Restif de la Bretonne, Giacomo Casanova, Thomas Paine and Sophie de la Borde. They are all traveling together in a coach that is a few hours behind the one that is

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French poster for film

La traviata
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La traviata is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave. It is based on La Dame aux Camélias, an adapted from the novel by Alexandre Dumas. The opera was originally titled Violetta, after the main character and it was first performed on 6 March 1853 at the La Fenice opera house in Venice. Piave an

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Maria Callas in the role of Violetta

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Poster for the world premiere of La traviata

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Felice Varesi, the first Germont pere (Litho: Josef Kriehuber)

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Lodovico Graziani c. 1845, the first Alfredo

Boat People (1982 film)
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Boat People is a Hong Kong film directed by Ann Hui, first shown in theatres in 1982. The film stars George Lam, Andy Lau, Cora Miao, at the second Hong Kong Film Awards, Boat People won awards for Best Picture, Best Director, Best New Performer, Best Screenplay, and Best Art Direction. It was also screened out of competition at the 1983 Cannes Fil

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Boat People

Tom Conti
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Thomas Antonio Tom Conti is a Scottish actor, theatre director and novelist of Italian Scots descent. He has won a Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play in 1979 for his performance in Whose Life Is It Anyway and he has also been nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor for the 1983 film, Reuben, Reuben. Conti was born in Paisley, Renfrewshire, t

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Conti (Glasgow, December 2007), still in costume after a performance from his starring role in the play Romantic Comedy.

Reuben, Reuben
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Reuben, Reuben is a 1983 comedy-drama film directed by Robert Ellis Miller and starring Tom Conti, Kelly McGillis, Roberts Blossom, Cynthia Harris, and Joel Fabiani. The film was adapted by Julius J. Epstein from the play Spofford by Herman Shumlin, Gowan is something of a leech, cadging expensive dinners from well-off patrons while seducing their

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Reuben, Reuben film poster

Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence
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Merry Christmas, Mr. Sakamoto also wrote the score and the vocal theme Forbidden Colours, featuring David Sylvian. The film was entered into the 1983 Cannes Film Festival in competition for the Palme dOr, sakamotos score also won the film a BAFTA Award for Best Film Music. Just as Celliers is tormented with guilt, Yonoi is haunted with shame, havin

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Original Japanese poster

Shirley MacLaine
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Shirley MacLaine is an American film, television and theater actress, singer, dancer, activist and author. She is known for her New Age beliefs, and has an interest in spirituality and she has written a series of autobiographical works that describe these beliefs, document her world travels, and describe her Hollywood career. She has also won five

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in The Apartment (1960)

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MacLaine in her debut film The Trouble with Harry (1955)

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in "Shirley MacLaine - Live at the Palace Theatre," 1976

Jack Nicholson
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John Joseph Jack Nicholson is an American actor and filmmaker, who has performed for over 60 years. Nicholson is known for playing a range of starring or supporting roles, including satirical comedy, romance and dark portrayals of antiheroes. In many of his films, he has played the eternal outsider, Nicholsons 12 Academy Award nominations make him

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Nicholson in 1976

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Nicholson as Wilbur Force in The Little Shop of Horrors (1960)

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in Chinatown (1974)

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Jack Nicholson with Vladimir Putin in 2001

The Year of Living Dangerously (film)
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The story is about a love affair set in Indonesia during the overthrow of President Sukarno. It follows a group of correspondents in Jakarta on the eve of an attempted coup by the 30 September Movement in 1965. The film stars Mel Gibson as an Australian journalist, and Sigourney Weaver as a British Embassy officer and it also stars Linda Hunt as th

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Theatrical release poster

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Linda Hunt as Billy Kwan

James L. Brooks
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James Lawrence Jim Brooks is an American director, producer and screenwriter. Growing up in North Bergen, New Jersey, Brooks endured a fractured family life, after dropping out of New York University, he got a job as an usher at CBS, going on to write for the CBS News broadcasts. He moved to Los Angeles in 1965 to work on David L. Wolpers documenta

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Brooks at the Springfield, Vermont, premiere of The Simpsons Movie (July 2007)

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Brooks won several Emmy Awards for The Mary Tyler Moore Show

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Cameron Crowe at the 2005 Toronto International Film Festival promoting Elizabethtown. Brooks produced two of Crowe's films.

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Matt Groening originally intended to pitch Life in Hell to Brooks

Gregory Peck
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Eldred Gregory Peck was an American actor who was one of the most popular film stars from the 1940s to the 1960s. Peck continued to major film roles until the late 1980s. His performance as Atticus Finch in the 1962 film To Kill a Mockingbird earned him the Academy Award for Best Actor and he had also been nominated for an Oscar for the same catego

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Publicity photo of Peck, 1948

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Gregory Peck in the Designing Woman trailer

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Gregory Peck in The Snows of Kilimanjaro, 1952

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Peck in 1973, by Allan Warren

National Board of Review
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The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures was founded in 1909 in New York City, just 13 years after the birth of cinema, to protest New York City Mayor George B. McClellan, Jr. s revocation of moving-picture exhibition licenses on Christmas Eve 1908, the mayor believed that the new medium degraded the morals of community. Its stated purpose w