About

Welcome to Jamrock

The late nineteen-sixties and the nineteen-seventies was a substantial period in Jamaican history. The general election of nineteen eighty between the PNP and the JLP plagued Jamaica with violence, corruption, and chaos. During this time period reggae music was used as a medium for Jamaicans, particularly Bob Marley, to express their feelings and attitude toward the conditions of their homeland. Approximately forty years later, artists such as Damian Marley have re-mastered the genre of roots reggae with relevance to the very foundation it was built upon. In Damian Marley’s track “Welcome to Jamrock”, he incorporates themes of political corruption and violence as his father had under the very principles of roots reggae.

During the early nineteen sixties, two “highly electable” political parties, the Jamaican Labour Party (JLP) and the People’s National Party (PNP) had come head-to-head with one another as competitors for membership in office (Clarke, 422). To secure votes the ghetto, characterized by low-education value and stricken by poverty was targeted as a prime source for votes and support. Street violence was used by both major parties as a method of winning positions in office (Clarke, 423-424). By the mid-seventies this street violence had been transformed into the development of hierarchal gangs and party-affiliated neighborhoods. Jamaica was virtually at war- the supporters of the PNP versus those of the JLP.

Parallel to the onset of the corruption and violence within Jamaica, reggae music began undergoing a change in both sound and content. This period of “roots reggae” focused primarily on the roots and culture of Jamaica and Rastafarian, as well as spiritual and political conditions. Roots reggae includes references pertaining to the “Rastafarian worldview” which is characterized by the influences of Ethiopian emperor Haile Selassie, writings of the Old Testament, and the teachings of Marcus Garvey (Anderson, 208). Bob Marley has been accredited as one of the most famous and influential roots reggae artists to have ever lived. His role as a musician went beyond producing great music to a political advocate for an end to political corruption and violence in Jamaica. His career was short lived when he deceased in 1981 at the age of thirty-six from cancer.

Thirty-something years later, Damien Marley has encompassed the legacy of his father and the components of roots reggae in his award winning track “Welcome to Jamrock” off his album Halfway Tree. The track aims at exposing Jamaica beyond the beautiful white-sand beaches and luxury resorts to unveil the violence (especially politically related) and the hardships of day-today life for the low to middle-class (Nixon, 193). “Welcome to Jamrock” blends hip-hop with the aggressiveness of dancehall with contemporary reggae perhaps in aim to reach a wider audience or his many years spent living in the United States. However, what characterizes this track as a roots reggae track is his assertion of consciousness, which sprouts from Rastafarian. Consciousness is the awareness of something external, or within oneself. This “something” can be thoughts, feelings, sensations, and personal-identity. Like his father, Damian Marley has included this sense of consciousness in his work as artists had during the roots reggae era with a blend of hip-hop and rap inspired from his work with artists such as Nas and his fondness of hip-hop music (Nixon, 193).

While political violence and corruption within Jamaica is implied in earlier lines and verses, Damian takes the guess work out of understanding his lyrics by his line “political violence, can’t done”. The political violence and corruption fueled by the JLP and PNP is characterized by their loyal supporters who are obtained through manipulative ways. Marley follows this very line with “pure ghost and phantom”. Similarly to the nature of all lyrics, this specific lyric can be interpreted differently, yet similar context....

...Welcome Speech bv Prof. T.G. Sitharam, professor, Department of Civil Engg, IISc
Very good morning to all of you and a warm greetings on behalf of Centre for infrastructure,
Sustainable transportation and urban Planning (CiSTUP), Indian Institute of Science and
National Academy of Science and Engineering Germany (ACATECH).. Today we have guests
of honour Mr. Rolf Saligmann, German General Consul, Bangalore, Mr. Subir Hari Singh IAS,
Addl. Chief Secretary, Govt. of Karnataka, Dr. Christian Aulbach, Science and Technology
Counselor, German Embassy, Delhi, Dr. A. Ravindra IAS, Advisor to Chief Minister, Govt. of
Karnataka. We also have on the dias Prof. Dr. Otthein Herzog, Executive Board member,
National Academy of Science and Engineering, Germany who is the main brain behind this
event. We also have Prof. B.N. Raghunandan, Divisional Chair, Earth and Environmental
Sciences, IISc who will preside over the function. Warm welcome to other dignitaries off-the
dias, Guests and Invitees, press and TV persons, my dear colleagues and students, Ladies and
Gentlemen.
A warm welcome to all of you from CiSTUP which is started in 2009 with a generous support
from Govt of Karnataka in particular BMTC, KSRTC, BDA and NERTC. In about 2 years, we
have started a masters programme in transportation and infrastructure engineering, carried out
many research and consultancy projects for the Govt of Karnataka and others, organized many
conferences,...

...KING FAHD UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM & MINERALS
Department of Petroleum Engineering
PETE 203:
DRILLING ENGINEERING
LABORATORY MANUAL
APRIL 2003
PREFACE
The purpose of this manual is two fold: first to acquaint the Drilling
Engineering students with the basic techniques of formulating, testing and
analyzing the properties of drilling fluid and oil well cement, and second, to
familiarize him with practical drilling and well control operations by means of
a simulator. To achieve this objective, the manual is divided into two parts.
The first part consists of seven experiments for measuring the physical
properties of drilling fluid such as mud weight (density), rheology (viscosity,
gel strength, yield point) sand content, wall building and filtration
characteristics. There are also experiment for studying the effects of, and
treatment techniques for, common contaminants on drilling fluid
characteristics. Additionally, there are experiments for studying physical
properties of Portland cement such as free water separation, normal and
minimum water content and thickening time.
In the second part, there are five laboratory sessions that involve simulated
drilling and well control exercises. They involve the use of the DS-100 Derrick
Floor Simulator, a full replica of an actual drilling rig with fully operations
controls, which allow the student to become completely absorbed in the
exercises as he would in an actual drilling operation. The simulator has...

...﻿ The essay The Death of the Moth by Virginia Woolf, is a piece of literature that describes the physical struggle of a dying moth and also, an inner struggle that the writer is experiencing as well. Through these struggles that each of the characters in the story endures, the audience sees a connection through both subjects. Analyzing and describing this complex essay structure can be done by evaluating the meaning and metaphors used by the author to portray the message of the story, which will allow the audience to comprehend what the true meaning of the essay is and come to understand the lesson of the story.
Woolf assumes her audience is probably, like herself, thoughtful, philosophical, and sensitive, therefore able to be moved by the description of the moth’s struggle against death. Woolf embodied these traits– perhaps too much, as these factors perhaps contributed to the depression that resulted in her even tual suicide. She sees the moth, again perhaps like herself and many of her readers, as something of anoddball: “Moths that fly by day are not properly to be called moths...They are hybrid creatures, neither gay like butterflies nor somber like their own species.” Woolf’s initialassertion that the moths are “not proper,” and “hybrid creatures” implies that they fit in nowhere, already establishing a sense of sympathy in the sensitive reader, who, like the author, may feel out of place in the world
Virginia Woolf’s purpose in writing this piece is to remind us...

...CHAPTER 3
LEADERSHIP: THE INTEGRATIVE VARIABLE
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS
1. There is no singular purpose of leadership.
2. Influence can cause some behavior in some person for a specific purpose based on a power base.
3. Michael LeBoeuf refers to organizational theory, industrial engineering, and behavioral science as the dynamic triangle.
4. Conceptual skills are more operational than managerial.
5. Universal theories search for an explanation of leadership unrelated to follower behavior or the social environment within which it develops.
6. Robert Tannenbaum and Warren Schmidt identified four basic leadership styles.
7. Leaders who are effective can be described as one-dimensional.
8. The Managerial Grid is used as a diagnostic to help individual managers to assess their own leadership style.
9. Situational theory says, in effect, that managerial leadership is linked to adaptability.
10. Contingency theory to understanding leadership effectiveness attempts to combine elements of both trait and situational theory.
11. Paul Whisenand created the Least Preferred Co-Worker (LPC) Scale.
12. Some believe that without follower consent an inspired leader cannot lead.
13. Conceptual skills are used to organize and integrate experience.
14. Francis Galton believed that leadership skills were simply inherited.
15. Leadership style theory focuses on two basic styles.
16....