C) are uplifted blocks that typically have cores of Proterozoic igneous and metamorphic rocks

D) the Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary rocks were elevated and compressed into tight folds; but the deeper, harder rocks of the continental crust were pulled apart by tensional stresses

15. A local dry wind occurring to the leeward side of the Rocky Mountains and often with high capacity to evaporate snow is

A. sea breeze B. land breeze

C. geostrophic wind

D. anticyclone

E. chinook wind

16. Which of the following best describes the bedrock in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California?

a. basalt; dikes

b. gabbro; plutoliths

c. andesite; laccoliths

d. granite; batholiths

17. Tirich Mir is the highest peak of one of these mountain ranges:

(a) Hindu Kush

(b) Karakorum

(c) Koh i Safed

(d) None

18. The ________ are a geologically old mountain range folded and deformed during the Paleozoic.

A) Cascades in the northwestern United States

B) Rockies in the western United States

C) Appalachians in the eastern United States

D) Alps in Europe

19. If the coastlines of North America and Eurasia are matched up, the (1) ___________ mountains in North America match up with the (2) _________ in Eurasia, suggesting that they used to be one continuous mountain range.

A. (1) Appalachians (2) Caledonides

B. (1) Appalachians (2) Alps

C. (1) Rockies (2) Alps

D. (1) Rockies (2) Caledonides

E. (1) Cascades (2) Appalachians

20. Which one of the following statements concerning glaciers is not true?

A) Ice sheets are larger than ice caps.

B) Piedmont glaciers form on lowlands at the base of mountainous terrain.

C) The volume of water tied up in the Antarctic ice sheet is about the same as the total discharge of the Amazon River in one year.

D) Long, extended, alpine glaciers occupied valleys in most high, mountainous areas in the United States, Canada, and Europe at one or more times during the past two million years.

21. Which of the following explains why one side of a mountain usually has more precipitation than the other side?

a. Mountains force air to rise, and air cools and releases moisture as it rises.

b. The atmosphere gets denser as elevation increases.

c. Temperatures are higher on one side of a mountain than on the other.

29. During the ________ Era, the westward-moving North American plate began to override the Pacific plate, eventually causing the tectonic activity that ultimately formed the mountains of western North America.