Founded Buddhism. "Buddha" Was a rich kid who noticed suffering. Sat under tree for 49 days to figure out suffering.

Enlightment

What Buddha discovered while sitting under tree. 4 Noble Truths:*There will always be suffering*Desire causes suffering *To get rid of suffering, get rid of desire*Follow Eightfold Path (good way of life)

Mahayana

More popular and less strict form of Buddhism. "the greater vehicle". More people could reach Nirvana

Bhagavad Gita

Tells the expectations for Hindus and the promise of salvation. Story of Arjuna and Krishna.

Krishna

God in human incarnation as Arjuna's charioteer. Explains each caste has its own responsibilities and following them gives salvation.

Reincarnation

Coming back to life as another being or object.In Hinduism to escape cycle of reincarnation you had to participate in world and meet caste goals.

Dharma

Rules of religionObedience to religious and moral laws

Polis

City state in greece

Sparta

Strong military, depended on conquered people (helots) Lot of farming by helots

Religion believing in God. Appealed to many bc it offered salvation to everyone. Spread by missionaries on silk roads.

Manichaeism

Created by prophet Mani. Religion that was a blend of Zoroastrian, Christian, and Buddhist values. Cosmic struggle with light and darkness.

Constantine

Fights to be new emperor after Diocletus.

St. Augustine

Bishop of Hippo; went to Italy and converted to Christianity

Pope

Leader of the Roman Catholic Church. Bishop of Rome was the pope.

Patriarchs

Equal with Bishop of Rome. Four of them. Resided in important spiritual and political centers. Above bishops.

Bishops

Presided over religious affairs in their districts

New Testament

Part of Holy Bible. Compiled of stories of Jesus's life written by his disciples.

Jainism

Early form of Hinduism. Believed everything had a soul. Took extreme precautions to not hurt things with souls.

Legalism

Form of government that rules with strict laws and harsh punishments.

Nirvana

Salvation in Buddhism.

Four Noble Truths

Buddhist doctrine about suffering1. There will always be suffering2. Suffering is caused by desire3. The only way you can get rid of suffering is to get rid of desire4. Living by the Eightfold Path will end suffering

pi

Number found by Gupta people to find area of a circle

South China Sea

South of China had sea lanes for trade

Pythagorean Theorem

Created by Ionian Greeks

Stoicism

Greek philosophy. Virtue was most important. Maintain even balance, not too happy, not too sad.

Lyceum

University created by Aristotle

Academy

A school created by Plato

Qin Shi Huangdi

First emperor of unified China. Very strict (burned books on philosophy, history, etc.) Created strong military.

Attila

Leader of nomadic Huns. Invaded the Roman Empire.

City of Rome

Capital of the Roman Empire. Very lavish with a lot of wealth. Lots of construction (concrete, aqueducts, etc.)

Mediterranean Sea

Sea in central Europe surrounded by Mediterranean basin. Had sea lanes for TRADE.

Gupta Empire

Dynasty in China. Conquered by making alliances (let people rule themselves as long as taxes were paid)