In this Fast-Track application, PlastiPure (PPi) proposes to rapidly and completely develop for commercialization an EA-Free baby bottle to address an important public health problem: ingestion by infants of chemicals having estrogenic activity (EA) or anti-EA leaching from multiple components of baby bottles, including the bottle, anticolic devices, nipple, sealing rings, etc. Many scientific studies have shown that chemicals having EA or anti-EA can have significant adverse health effects on many biological processes such as sperm number and function, prostate size, uterine and ovarian functions, time to puberty, obesity, learning abilities, and some types of cancers. These adverse health effects sometimes occur at very low (pM-nM) concentrations, especially on fetal or developing mammals (including humans). Many scientific studies have also shown that bisphenol A (BPA) has EA and leaches from hard and clear polycarbonate (PC) plastics at nM-

Public Health Relevance

PlastiPure (PPi) is addressing a public health problem [release of chemicals having estrogenic or anti-estrogenic activity (EA or anti-EA) ingested by infants using plastic baby bottles] by using its unique and patented materials and methods to produce baby bottles that do not release chemicals having EA or anti-EA. Chemicals having EA or anti- EA, even at very low dosages on fetal mammals, can have significant adverse effects on many behavioral and physiological processes such as sperm counts, uterine and ovarian functions, aggressive behaviors, and some types of cancers. EA-Free baby bottles decisively fulfill PPi's and NIEHS'mission of "reducing the burden of human illness and disability".