Archives in the Gennadius Library

The archival collections are presented alphabetically according to the name of either the donor or the subject of each collection. Dates of birth and death are given next to the heading of each entry, providing some evidence for the date of the material contained within. The main entry consists of a concise description of the contents of each collection (type and category of documents) as well as references to any offices held, or activities in which the subject participated.

Ali Pasha Papers

Ali Pasha was an Albanian brigand, who became Pasha of Ioannina, and extended his rule over much of Albania, Macedonia, Epirus, Thessaly, and the Morea. In Ali Pasha’s time, Ioannina became the foremost center of Greek culture. He employed many Greeks and founded Greek schools.

Collection Number: GR GL AP 009Name (s) of Creator (s): Ali Pasha Papers (1774-1822)Title: Ali Pasha PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): Greek, English, FrenchSummary: This significant collection, which concerns the period of Turkish occupation, Ali Pasha of Ioannina, and his sons Veli and Muhtar Pasha, consists of 1500 public and private documents, about religious, legal, financial. community, administrative and family matters, as well as various military campaigns (1802-1820).Quantity: 1.40 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Damianos Kyriazis, 1953Information about Access: The papers are catalogued and available for research. The collection was published, in 2010, in a four-volume catalogue with extensive annotations by V. Panagiotopoulos, with the collaboration of D. Dimitropoulos and P. Michailaris, under the auspices of the National Research Foundation.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Ali Pasha Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Αλή Πασά)

David Balfour (1903-1989)

Collection Number: GR GL DB 060Name (s) of Creator (s): David Balfour (1903-1989)Title: David Balfour PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language (s): Russian, EnglishSummary: David Balfour was a priest-monk in the Russian Orthodox Church, a member of the British Intelligence Service, a diplomat and a Byzantine scholar. The collection consists of thirty-nine letters in Russian written during 1932-1936 and 1945-1947 by Father Sophrony to David Balfour, as well as copies of letters of David Balfour to Father SophronyQuantity: 0.22 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Louise Balfour, 1993Information about access: Restricted accessCite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library, David Balfour Papers, (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο David Balfour)

Loukas Bellos, a doctor from Boeotia and a Member of the Greek Parliament, also became known for his newspaper articles on linguistic subjects (Greek and Albanian languages). From 1874 to 1878, Bellos published the newspaper "Boeotia." The collection consists of medical treatises, journals, ledgers and notes, printed treatises and articles on linguistic subjects (Greek and Albanian languages), political speeches, poems, correspondence and photographs.The collection also includes a bound copy of all issues of the newspaper "Boeotia"

Philip Betancourt’s Collection of Postcards

Philip Betancourt’s collection of postcards contains about 200 postcards of the late 19th and early 20th century. The collection portrays the history of Greece and the Balkans over a 35-year period, beginning with the defeat of Greece in its war with Turkey in 1897, and ends in 1922, with another defeat and the abandonment of Greece’s territorial hopes in Asia Minor. Ph. Betancourt is Professor of Art History and Archaeology at Temple University, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and an archaeologist specializing in Minoan Crete. In 2003, the American School of Classical Studies at Athens organized an exhibit of the postcards and presented Betancourt’s book Greece and Her Neighbours in Historic Postcards: 1895-1920 at the Gennadius Library. See more on the exhibit and the catalogue at Catherine deG. Vanderpool, “Exhibition Highlights Recent Gift to Gennadeion,” in ASCSA Newsletter, Winter 2004, no. 51, p. G1.

Xavier Bordes, French poet and translator, undertook in 1979 the translation of Odysseus Elytis’ poetry in collaboration with R. Longueville. At the time almost no French translation of Elytis’ work existed. From 1972 to 1984 Bordes lived in Morocco and much of the correspondence with Elytis takes place between Athens and Mohammedia. Educated in music and classics he had a career as an instructor and critic and collaborated with major publishing houses in France. The first translated work to be published was Marie de Brumes in 1982. Elytis was impressed by Bordes’ translation, which he describes as “un vrai tour de force” in one of his letters (28 May 1981).

Konstantinos Bouras (1913-1943)

Konstantinos Bouras, a lawyer, was active in the Resistance during WWII. He was executed by the Germans in 1943 for having participated in the resistance organizations “Midas 614” and EKKA (Εθνική και Κοινωνική Απελευθέρωση). This small collection of papers contains material from the trial that followed Bouras’s execution, after the end of WW II, in 1947 (court files, photographs, and newspaper clippings).

Quantity: 0.35 linear meters
Gift of Aikaterini Boura, 2011

George Constantin (1833-1891)

The poet Demetrios Capetanakis was born in Smyrna, but after the Asia Minor destruction of 1922 his family moved to Athens. In Greece he studied political science and economics at the University of Athens. He continued at the University of Heidelberg from where he received his doctorate in Philosophy. In 1939, with a fellowship from the British Council, he went to the University of Cambridge where he studied under Dadie Rylands, a leading Shakespeare scholar. After leaving Cambridge he worked briefly for the Press Office of the Greek Embassy in London. Capetanakis wrote many literary essays on such people as Proust, Rimbaud, Dostoyevsky, Horace Walpole and Charlotte Bronte. He died from leukemia in 1944. His poetry was published posthumously by John Lehmann in 1947, with the title Demetrios Capetanakis: A Greek Poet in England.

In 2003 and 2004 the Gennadius Library acquired a small collection of documents about the island of Corfu. The earliest documents (55) belong to the late Venetian period (from the 16th to the 18th c.). The later ones (36) date to the 19th c. during the British rule and the first decades after the incorporation of the Ionian islands into the Greek state. Most of the documents have legal character, including decrees, pre-nuptial agreements, wills, sale contracts and leases.

Eugene Dalleggio served as an officer at the Instruction Publique of France and was a member of both the French Institute of Byzantine Studies in Paris and of the Center of Asia Minor Studies of the French Institute in Athens. Dalleggio also contributed to the organization of the Military Museum of Constantinople. During his life he traveled extensively in Asia Minor and the Black Sea, conducting archaeological and historical research in Bithynia and the Taurus Mountains in Cilicia. He published several articles on the topography and history of Constantinople.

Dragoumis Family

An important family in the political and intellectual life of Greece in the 19th and 20th centuries. The collection consists of the papers of Markos Ath. Dragoumis (1770-1855), Nikolaos N. Dragoumis (1809-1879), Euphrosyne N. Dragoumis (1818-1915), Markos N. Dragoumis (1840-1894), Marika N. Dragoumis (1846-1941), as well as copies of letters of Count Arthur de Gobineau to Zoe and Marika Dragoumis ("Gobineau Collection"). See also finding-aid: Chr. Varda and Voula Konti, The Papers of the Dragoumis Family (in Greek), Athens: Gennadius Library, 1991

Trained as a teacher, Markos A. Dragoumis served as a Secretary to the Moldavian leaders Constantine Ypsilantes (1799-1802) and Skarlatos Kallimaches (1805). In 1805, he was appointed Governor of the Aegean Islands before returning to Constantinople to continue his career as a teacher. In 1812, he served as a Secretary to the Moldavian leader Ioannis Karatzas. He became a member of the Philike Etaireia in 1820 and during the War of Independence worked to organize the newly established Greek State. He was married to Zoe Sofianou-Deligianni and had two children, John (1807-1872) and Nikolaos (1809-1879).

Son of Markos Ath. Dragoumis, Nikolaos M. Dragoumis held many public offices in the newly established Greek state, including positions in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Nautical Affairs, where he acted as a consultant. in addition to his governmental positions, he worked as a journalist for the newspaper "Aion" and was editor of the periodical "Pandora" from 1855 to 1872. He was active on the social forefront and founded many societies, such as the "Society of the Friends of the People"and the "Philekpaideutike Etaireia." He was married to Eufrosyne Georganta and had four children, Markos (1840-1809), Stephanos (1842-1923), Zoe (1843-1894) and Marika (1846-1941).

Born in Constantinople and the daughter of a merchant, Stephanos Georgantas, Euphrosyne lived the early years of her life in Odessa attending the "Ecole de Noblesse." In 1831 she moved to Nauplion and later to Athens where she married Nikolaos Dragoumis (see above) in 1839 and had four children, Markos (1840-1909), Stephanos (1842-1923), Zoe (1843-1894) and Marika (1846-1941). Euphrosyne Dragoumis was one of the founding members of the Amalieio Orphanage, and member of many other welfare organizations.

Markos N. Dragoumis studied law in Paris (1857-1862) and wrote his dissertation on De la condition civile de l’etranger en France (Paris 1864). He then embarked upon a diplomatic career with posts in Paris(1861-1863), St. Petersburg (1867-1871, 1887-1890), Vienna (1874-1877), Alexandria (1877-1880) and Bucharest (1880, 1882-1885). He participated in many committees, such as the Committee for the Olympic Games (1895) and the Committee for the National Gallery (1906-1907), and wrote essays for the Bulletin d’Orient (1903-1908). He was married to Eliza Novikoff.

Zoe Dragoumis was the daughter of Nikolaos and Eufrosyne Dragoumis. At a young age she went to Paris and received, together with her sister Marika, an artistic education which involved painting and music. In 1864, she and her family became acquainted with Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau, the Ambassador of France to Greece (1864-1868) with whom they corresponded for almost two decades [see Comte de Gobineau, lettres a deux Atheniennes (1868-1881). Introduction de Madame N. Mela, Athens 1936]. For typescript copies of letters by Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau to Zoe and Marika Dragoumis, see the Gobineau Collection.

Marika N. Dragoumis was the youngest child of Nikolaos and Eufrosyne Dragoumis. She studied painting and music in Paris and became an accomplished musician. She also served as a member of several welfare organizations and literary societies.

The collection consists of typescript copies of letters by Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau to Zoe and Marika Dragoumis, papers concerning the publication of the Gobineau letters, periodicals, and newspapers. The original letters of Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau are in Paris, at the Bibliotheque Nationale.

Stephanos N. Dragoumis, the son of Nikolaos and Eufrosyne Dragoumis, became an important political figure in late 19th/early 20th century Greek history. He served as Prime Minister (1910), Minister of Foreign Affairs (1886-1890, 1892-1893), Governor of Crete and Macedonia (1912-1913), Minister of Finance (1915-1916), and Member of the Parliament (1879-1895, 1899-1910, 1915, 1920). As a close friend of Charilaos Trikoupis, he participated in Trikoupis’ plans for the economic development of the Greek state. He married Eliza Kontogiannaki and had eleven children, Natalia (1872-1973), Nikos (1874-1933), Efi (1875-1964), Charikleia (1876-1966), Ion (1878-1920), Alexandra (1880-1976), Zoe (1882-1964), Markos (1884-1888), Marika (1886-1939), Philippos (1890-1980), and Alexandros (1891-1977).

Collection Number: GR GL SND 023Name (s) of Creator (s): Stephanos N. Dragoumis (1842-1923)Title: Stephanos N. Dragoumis PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): Greek, English, FrenchSummary: The collection consists of official documents; notes and correspondence relating to his political activities, as well as his philological and archaeological interests; family correspondence; medals and awards, and photos. The researcher will find information about several important issues of Greece's foreign policy during the late 19th/early 20th century, such as the Bulgarian and Romanian issues (e.g. the Zappa case), the Albanian/North Epirus problem, and the Cretan and Macedonian questions. Historical photos from the Stephanos N. Dragoumis Papers are available online via the Digital Library of the American School of Classical Studies (http://www.ascsa.edu.gr/archives/).Quantity: 18 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Philippos Dragoumis, 1960Information about Access: The papers are catalogued and available for research.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Stephanos N. Dragoumis Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Στέφανου Ν. Δραγούμη)

The collection includes correspondence, photos and notes of the following children of Stephanos and Eliza Dragoumis: Natalia Mela (1872-1973), Nikos Dragoumis (1874-1933), Efi Kallergi (1875-1964), Charikleia Kokkoni (1876-1966), Alexandra Xydi-Kriezi (1880-1976), Zoi Palencia (1882-1964), Marika Kazouli (1886-1939), and Alexandros Dragoumis (1891-1977). In addition, there is material on the following members of the extended Dragoumis family: Ioannis Markou Dragoumis (1807-1872), Konstantinos Ioannou Dragoumis (1843-1926) and Emmanouel Ioannou Dragoumis (1859-1917). Finally, the small collection includes also material about the Ioannes Kontogiannakis family. Ioannes Kontogiannakis was the father of Eliza St.Dragoumi, an eminent Greek businessman in Russia and the founder of the first private bank in St. Petersburg (1817-1888).

Philippos St. Dragoumis was one of the many children of Stephanos and Eliza Dragoumis. He served as a diplomat, Member of Parliament, Minister and High Commissioner of Macedonia, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Defense, and Minister of Foreign Affairs. He was also the author of several political treatises.

Collection Number: GR GL PSD 025Name (s) of Creator (s): Philippos St. Dragoumis (1890-1980)Title: Philippos St. Dragoumis PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): Greek, French, EnglishSummary: The collection consists of official documents and papers relating to the public offices he held; various documents relating to the Macedonian struggle and the Macedonian question, Greek-Albanian relations, and the Cypriot question; personal notebooks; personal and family correspondence; awards; photographs; biographical information related to the Dragoumis family history and newspaper clippings about Philippos Dragoumis.Historical photos from the Philippos Dragoumis Papers are also available online via the Digital Library of the American School of Classical Studies (http://www.ascsa.edu.gr/). Also see the printed catalogue: Chr. Varda, Archeio Philippou Fragoumi (1890-1980). Eureterio, Athens: Gennadius Library, 1993.Quantity: 11 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Philippos Dragoumis, 1960Information about Access: The papers are catalogued and available for research.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Philippos St. Dragoumis Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Φίλιππου Στ. Δραγούμη)

Ion Dragoumis, one of the many children of Stephanos and Eliza Dragoumis, played a central role in the Greek politics of the early 20th century. He served initially as a diplomat in Istanbul, Rome and St. Petersburg and worked with a passion for the annexing of Macedonia to the Greek state. He was elected a Member of the Greek Parliament (1915), but was soon exiled to Corsica (1917) and to the island of Skopelos (1919) after coming into conflict with Eleutherios Venizelos. He was assassinated by his political opponents in Athens in 1920.

Collection Number: GR GL ISD 024Name (s) of Creator (s): Ion St. Dragoumis (1878-1920)Title: Ion Dragoumis PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): Greek, English, FrenchSummary: The collection consists of personal and professional correspondence relating to his diplomatic and other state positions together with documents relating to issues of foreign affairs such as the Macedonian issue, the Greek diplomatic relations with other countries, and the Greek-Ottoman relations. It also includes drafts of his various publications, newspaper clippings and photographs. Part of the correspondence and photographs of the Ion Dragoumis Papers are accessible via the Digital Library of the American School of Classical Studies (http://www.ascsa.edu.gr/index.php/digital-library/resources-listing-all-departments/, under Modern Greece Historical Documents).Quantity: 13 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of {Philippos Dragoumis, 1960Information about Access: The papers are catalogued and available for research.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Ion St. Dragoumis Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Ίωνος Δραγούμη)

Odysseus Elytis, a well-known poet, was awarded the 1979 Nobel Prize for Literature by the Swedish Academy. The Academy wrote that "his poetry against the background of Greek tradition depicts with sensuous strength and intellectual clear sightedness modern man’s struggle for freedom and creativeness." His first collection of poems, entitled Orientations, was published in 1940. His next important poetic collection and what is still considered his magnum opus, The Axion Esti, appeared in 1959. Selected sections of this work were set to music by Mikis Theodorakis. In the early 1970’s, Elytis published several collections of poems, such as The Light-Tree and the Monogram in 1971, The Sovereign Sun and the Rhos of Eros in 1972. A year before he received the Nobel Prize, Maria Nepheli was published. After receiving his Nobel Prize, Elytis continued publishing poetry and prose until his death; Three Poems under a Flag of Convenience (1982), The Little Seafarer (1985), The Elegies of Jutting Rock (1991), and West of Sorrow (1995), to mention some of his post-Nobel work.

Nikos V. Fandrides studied law. Well educated and with a knowledge of several European languages, Fandrides wrote several studies about European philosophers and poets of the 19th century. His work brought him close to poet Kostis Palamas, whose work Fandrides intended to make known in Europe. Hs premature death in 1914, however, put an end to this plan.

Nikos Fokas Papers

Described as one of the most important figures in postwar Greek literature, poet Nikos Fokas and his wife Angela have donated the poet's personal papers to the Archives of the Gennadius Library. Born in Kefalonia in 1927, Nikos Fokas lived in London from 1960 to 1974 and worked in the Greek division of the BBC World Service. He has published several collections of poetry and has translated extensively the work of Thomas Hardy, Thomas de Quincy, Robert Frost and Philip Larkin. An Honorary Fellow at the University of Iowa, and a former Stanly J. Seeger Writer-in-Residence in the Hellenic Studies Program at Princeton University, the poet has also received the Grand Prize in Literature from the Greek Ministry of Culture and the Medal of Distinction in Letters from the Athens Academy of Arts and Sciences for lifetime achievement. Author and literary critic Thanasis Valtinos has said: "Fokas is a unique and singular presence in our postwar poetry. His poetic work - dense, solid, unpredictable - distinguishes itself from the plethora of poems by his peers through its depth of reflection, its poetic clarity, the precision of its design, and its stringent antilyrical tone."

Ford Foundation in Greece (1970-1976)

In April 2009, Kaiti Myrivili, consultant to the Ford Foundation in Greece from 1970 to 1982, gave the ASCSA Archives the records of her work. These papers include the grant applications made by individuals and institutions and notices of acceptance or rejection of the applications, reports of the grantees’ work, newspaper clippings about the work and the controversy surrounding the Ford Foundation in Greece, Ford Foundation brochures, and other miscellaneous papers. In the course of the years covered by these papers, the Ford Foundation awarded grants to over one hundred Greeks and over twenty Greek organizations and institutions in the fields of painting, sculpture, graphic arts, creative writing, translation, literature, theater, film, music, musicology, dance, architecture, history, archaeology, art history, philosophy, anthropology and sociology. Almost $7,000,000 was awarded to these grantees during this period—the largest amount awarded any country outside the United States over the same period of time. The collection has been processed and catalogued by Lisabeth Ward Papageorgiou.

Amvrosios Frantzis, an army officer and descendant of a well-known Byzantine family, served as a diplomat in Istanbul and Sofia (1910-1912), and was a close partner of Prime Minister Eleutherios Venizelos. He participated in the Greek- Turkish War of 1897, the Goudi Military League (1909), and the Balkan Wars. From 1917 to 1922 he served as military attache at the Greek Embassy in London. In 1926 he was appointed military attache to the Prime Minister Kountouriotis. His papers include personal notes about his military career, literary notes, newspaper clippings, materal related to the “Πατριωτικός Όμιλος”, his unpublished memoirs, and correspondence.

Ioannis Frantzis, son of Amvrosios, served as a diplomat in the Greek Embassies of Albania and Egypt before being appointed Director of the Political Office of Prime Minister George Papandreou (1944), and later, in the service of Prime Minister K. Tsaldaris. In 1947, Ioannis Frantzis served as diplomat in Praetoria and the following year in Washington, D.C. From 1950 to 1953 he served as Head of the Diplomatic Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From 1953 to 1958 he was Councellor and Head of the Press Office of the Greek Embassy in London. From 1959 to 1964 he was appointed to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and from 1965 to 1967 he was Greece’s ambassador to India. The collection consists of political, diplomatic and personal papers and correspondence. With the papers of Ambrosios and Ioannis Frantzis also came a collection of 67 letters addressed to Konstantinos Oikonomou (1824-1855) concerning the Orthodox Church. Konstantinos Oikonomos (1780-1854) was a priest and educator, one of the best known Greek ecclesiastical writers and preacher. Most of the letters come from Alexandros Stourzas, who was a prominent member of the Greek community of Odessa, a diplomat of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and an active member of the Greek community and the church. There are also letters from Pozos Ioannis, Panas Eusebios and others.

William M. Frick (1919-2014) taught and served as the Middle School and Admissions Director at the Brunswick Academy. After his retirement in 1984, he pursued his interests of research on archaeology and military subjects. He is the author of the following: Bernhard Steffen (1844-1891), 1990; Greece, April 1941 ‘…to fight another day’, 1994; and Time of Tragedy, Argos October 1943, 1998.

Collection Number: GR GL WMF 078Name (s) of Creator (s): William M. Frick (1919-2014), Bernhard Steffen (1844-1891)Title: William M. Frick PapersDate [bulk]: 1984-2014
Date [inclusive]:Language(s): English, GermanSummary: The collection consists of William M. Frick’s research/ working notes on Major Bernhard Steffen, as well as copies of Steffen's correspondence, incoming and outgoing, and a few original letters.Quantity: 1 box (or 0.30 linear meter)
Immediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of William M. Frick 2003 and Henry Frick 2014Information about Access: The papers are catalogued and available for researchCite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, William M. Frick Collection (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Συλλογή William M. Frick)Notes: The collection was processed by Eleftheria Daleziou in 2017

Kurt Weitzmann (1904-1993), professor in the Department of Art and Archaeology at Princeton University, has made an extraordinary contribution to the history of medieval art and more specifically to the studies of Byzantine manuscript illumination. G. Galavaris (1926-2003) was a student of K. Weitzmann at Princeton and a distinguished Byzantinist himself. He was a professor at McGill University at Montreal where he set the foundations for teaching ancient Greek and Byzantine art. In collaboration with K. Weitzmann, they published a monograph on the illuminated Greek manuscripts of the Monastery of Saint Catherine at Mt Sinai.

Collection Number: GR GL GGKW 094Name(s) of Creator(s): Georgios Galavaris (1926-2003) - Kurt Weitzmann (1904-1993)Title: Georgios Galavaris-Kurt Weitzmann CollectionDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): GermanSummary: The collection consists of one album with black and white photographs as well as loose photographs, mostly colored. According to a handwritten note on the cover of the album the photographs belonged to K. Weitzmann and were given to G. Galavaris. There is also a PhD diploma awarded to Wilhelm Weitzmann, father of Kurt.Quantity: 0.12 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Ms. Maria Galavari- Damianou (sister of G. Galavaris), 2006Information about Access: The collection is available for research.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Georgios Galavaris-Kurt Weitzmann Collection (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Συλλογή Γεωργίου Γαλάβαρη- Kurt Weitzmann)

Educational writings by George Gennadius, scholar and "teacher" of the nation. Official documents of the Ministry of Religion and Education as well as responses by Gennadius concerning educational matters. Private correspondence.

An eminent diplomat, scholar, and bibliophile, Joannes Gennadius is also the founder of the Gennadeion. The bulk of the material dates from the 1880s up to the year of his death 1932. The archive is divided into nine series: Series I. Correspondence; Series II: Scholarly Papers by J. Gennadius; Series III: Personal papers and documents; Series IV: War Relief; Series V: Greek communities outside reece; Series VI: The Gennadius Library; Series VII: Photographs; Series VIII: The Konstantinos Magakis Collection; Series IX: Miscellaneous. Another large part of his archive, mostly with earlier material, is contained in the so-called Scrapbooks. The researcher should consult both collections.

Nikos Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas Papers

Nikos Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas a leading painter, sculptor, engraver, writer and academic was born in Athens where at an early age he took painting lessons from Constantinos Parthenis. Later, in Paris he first exhibited his work in 1923 and in 1934 when he decided to return to Athens was already a respected artist. His style combines elements of Cubism, with the light, nature and architecture of Greece. As a Professor of Drawing at the National Technical University of Athens School of Architecture (1941-1958) he influenced a whole generation of artists. He also illustrated a number of books, including N. Kazantzakis’ "Odyssey", Longos’ "Daphne and Chloe" and C.P. Cavafy’s "Poems" [based on information from http://www.benaki.gr/index.asp?id=101020101&lang=en]

Collection Number: GR GL NHG 036Name(s) of Creator(s): Nikos Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas (1906-1994)Title: Nikos Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas PapersDate [bulk]: 1940-1966Date [inclusive]:Language(s): Greek, French, EnglishSummary: The collection consists of the manuscript of Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas’ Greek translation of "The Courtship of the Yonghy-Bonghy-Bo," by Edward Lear, parts of his French translation of the Odyssey by Nikos Kazantzakis, a manuscript of Odyssey’s translation by Robert Levesque, and notes by Kimon Friar concerning the English translation of Kazantzakis’ Odyssey. In addition, the collection includes thirty-five original drawings by Ghikas created for the publication of the Odyssey, as well as thirteen original drawings concerning the publication of Poems, 1896-1933, by C. Cavafy.Quantity: 0.26 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Nikos Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas, 1973Information about Access: The collection is available for research.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Nikos Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Νίκου Χατζηκυριάκου-Γκίκα)

Konstantinos Karavidas served for years in the Agricultural Bank of Greece and is known for his contribution to the modernization of agriculture in Greece. Before joining the Agricultural Bank in 1932, he served as a high-rank officer in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1915-1917). He is also the author of several treatises on agricultural matters; publisher of the periodical "Koinotes"(1922-1924); and author of several works of literature. See also M. Korasidou and D. Samiou, "Το αρχείο του Κωνσταντίνου Καραβίδα (1890-1973)", The New Griffon, v. 3, 1992, pp. 8-12). For a recent essay on “koinotismos” and the work of Konstantinos Karavidas see Κοινοτισμός, Μια αίγλη φωτός!, ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ Κυριακή 07.11.2010

Ioannes Karavitis was born in Crete in 1883. He was a member of the Pavlos Melas forces in the Macedonian Struggle along with other Cretans. He also participated in the Balkan Wars. He died in Athens in 1949 and was buried in the First Cemetery. The material deposited at the Gennadius Library Archives consists of photocopies of his memoirs concerning his participation in the Macedonian Struggle (published by George Petsivas in two volumes Ο Μακεδονικός Αγών. Απομνημονεύματα. Εισαγωγή – Επιμέλεια- Σχόλια, Γιώργος Πετσίβας (Αθήνα 1994), and his participation in the Balkan Wars (1912-3) and the fight for Northern Epirus.

Sculptor, a student of the famous 20th century classicist sculptor Emile-Antoine Bourdelle and a graduate of the Acadèmie de la Grande Chaumière. In 1928 Kastriotis returned to Athens and passed the examinations at the School of Fine Arts of the Athens Polytechnic School. From 1935 to 1936 he also worked as a conservator at the National Archaeological Museum and the Acropolis Museum. Kastriotis exhibited his sculptures in Athens, Paris, Stockholm and Copenhagen. George Kastriotis was also the nephew and godchild of Sophia Schliemann, a member of the Kastromenos (later Kastriotis) family. See also Maria Voltera, “The Kastriotis Papers: Portrait of an Artist,” ASCSA Newsletter, Winter 2003, no. 49, p. G3.

Collection Number: GR GL GK 071Name(s) of Creator(s): George Kastriotis (1910-1969)Title: George Kastriotis PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): GreekSummary: The collection features a variety of documents including letters of Sophia Schliemann and other members of the Kastromenos and Pavlidis families, personal documents, newspaper clippings, artistic drawings, drafts, and blueprints of mechanisms he invented and designed, as well as some of his artwork.Quantity: 1.34 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Mary Kastrioti, 2000Information about Access: The collection is available for research.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, George Kastriotis Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Γιώργου Καστριώτη)

Mineralogist and Professor of Geology and Mineralogy in the Greek Military Cadet School. He was the first to notice and study the possibility of exploitation of the ancient lead mines of Laurion. His scientific work and the reports he submitted to the Ministry of Finance formed the basis for the first laws concerning the mining enterprise of Modern Greece. From 1864 to 1873, he worked as a Product Engineer in the French-Italian mining company Roux-Serpieri-Fressynet C.E. During the years 1877-1879 he conducted research on the hydraulic system of Attica. Finally, he served as Director of the Greek Mining Company (1887-1891).

The musical scores of composer Dimitry Levidis (1886-1951) were recently added to the Archives of the Gennadius Library to supplement the other two important musical collections of the library, those of Dimitri Mitropoulos and Theodore Vavayannis. Born in Athens, Levidis spent the largest past of his life abroad, especially in France. By serving in the French army during WWI, Levidis acquired the French citizenship. During his time in France his compositions were played widely. The famous conductor Serge Koussevitzky frequently included the works of Levidis in his so-called Concerts Koussevitzky, which he held in France from 1921 to 1929. Levidis also experimented with Maurice Martenot’s ondes musicales, an early electronic musical instrument. In fact, Levidis’ Poéme symphonique was presented at the first public appearance of the instrument at the Paris Opera in 1928. In 1932 Levidis, after many years abroad, decided to return to Greece. During his Greek years he produced music that can be characterized Greek, although always influenced by the French impressionism. With a small part of his compositions deposited at the National Library of Greece, the rest of his work was, until recently, believed lost. The recently acquired works of Levidis at the Gennadius library include: De profundis (opus 46), L’Iliade (opus 62), Le gars et la mort (opus 64), Stances symphoniques (opus 49), Berceuse pour un gendarme (opus 65), Petite suite, Aria (opus 12), Impromptu (opus 32), Eolienne (opus 14), and others.

Margarita Lymberaki Papers

Margarita Lymberaki, neé Fexi, studied Law at the University of Athens. After her divorce from George Karapanos in 1946 she spent large periods of her life in Paris where she was influenced by post-war European literary movements; she also befriended philosophers Kornelios Kastoriadis and Kostas Axelos, poet Odysseus Elytis, and author Albert Camus. She is best known for her novel The Straw Hats (Τα ψάθινα καπέλα), first published in 1946.

Spyridon Marinatos was one of the most important Greek archaeologists, best known for his excavations at Akrotiri, on the island of Thera. This small collection consists of about 500 letters, most from the time that Marinatos was Ephor of Antiquites on Crete, and the period (1937-1939) of his service as Director of Antiquities in the Ministry of Education before he was appointed professor of Archaeology at the University of Athens.

Collection Number: GR GL SNM 102Name(s) of Creator(s): Spyridon Marinatos (1901-1974)Title: Spyridon Marinatos PapersDate [bulk]: 1922-1940Date [inclusive]: [1898-1928]Language(s): Greek, German, EnglishSummary: The collection consists mostly of correspondence. It includes letters from important Greek and foreign archaeologists including George Mylonas, Konstantinos Rhomaios, Ioannis Meliadis, Georg Karo, and W. Doerpfeld, as well as Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas. Letters of Marinatos to his predecessor Stephanos Xanthoudides, along with various other lists and notes form a distinct series (see Series II: St. Xanthoudides collection).Quantity: 0.24 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Nanno Marinatos, 2011Information about Access: The collection is available for research.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Spyridon Marinatos Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Σπυρίδωνος Μαρινάτου)

Alexandros Matsas Papers

Greek diplomat and literary figure. He studied law at the University of Athens and was a graduate of the Department of Economics and Political Science of Christ Church College, Oxford. His long diplomatic career began in 1934. He served as Ambassador of Greece in Ankara, Turkey (1959-1962) and in Washington D.C., USA (1962-1967). He resigned in September 1967 and moved back to Greece. His literary works include several published collections of poetry and theatrical plays.

Collection Number: GR GL AM 118Name(s) of Creator(s): Alexandros Matsas (1911-1969)Title: Alexandros Matsas PapersDate [bulk]: 1963-1966, 1967
Date [inclusive]:Language(s): GreekSummary: Telegrams from and to the Greek Embassy in Washington, D.C., concerning the Cypriot issue (1963-1966); and one folder with material from 1967.Quantity: 0.30 linear meterImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Roxane Matsas, 2014Information about Access: The collection is not available for research.

Nikolaos Mavris studied medicine while pursuing his interests in literature and law. His family origins were from the island of Kasos. Just before World War II, Mavris settled in the United States where he founded the "National Dodecanesian Council" and became very active in all issues concerning the Dodecanese Question. In 1948, after his return to Greece and the Liberation of the Dodecanese, Mavris was elected First General Governor of the Dodecanese. Later he became a Member of the Greek Parliament. His work on the bibliography of the Dodecanese was awarded the first prize by the Academy of Athens.

Collection Number: GR GL ΝΜ 050Name(s) of Creator(s): Nikolaos G. Mavris (1899-1978)Title: Nikolaos Mavris PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): Greek, Italian, EnglishSummary: The collection consists of documents, correspondence, photographs, periodicals, and local newspapers, relating to the history and administration of the Dodecanese (especially the function of the National Dodecanesian Council), as well as material pertaining to the establishment of the Greek Bibliographic Society. Of great interest is Mavris’s rich collection of newspapers issued in Greece and abroad concerning the Dodecanese.Quantity: 15.30 linear meters (catalogued)Immediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Nikolaos Mavris’ heirs, 1988Information about Access: The collection has not been fully processed; only the catalogued material is available for research. Photographs from the Mavris Papers are available online via the Digital Library of the American School of Classical Studies (http://www.ascsa.edu.gr/archives/). Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Nikolaos Mavris Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Νικολάου Μαυρή)

Evi Melas Collection

Evi Melas was correspondent of the German press, namely the newspapers Die Welt, Mϋncher Merkur, Stuttgarter Zeitung during 1959-1967 and after the fall of the military junta in 1974, she worked for the Sϋddeutsche Zeitung, RIAS Berlin, Christ und Welt, Merian, and others. Between 1969-1990 she wrote, published and translated among other works, nine guide books on Greece and the history of Greek art, as well as one guide book on Rumania. These books were translated in many languages and made multiple editions. Perhaps her most well-known book is Temples and Sanctuaries of Ancient Greece: A Companion Guide (1973). She was a member of the International Press Institute (IPI). Evi Melas donated an electronic copy of her papers to the Archives of the Gennadius Library.

Dimitri Mitropoulos, a world-known conductor, served as the director of the Symphony Orchestras of Boston (1936-1938) and Minneapolis (1938-1949), as well as of the Philarmonic Orchestra (1949-1950) and the Metropolitan Opera in New York.

Collection Number: GR GL ML 111Name(s) of Creator(s): Monastery of Great Lavra (Mt. Athos)Title: Monastery of Great Lavra (Mt. Athos) CollectionDate [bulk]: 1918-1939
Date [inclusive]: Language(s): GreekSummary: This small collection consists of correspondence and related documents regarding the administration of the Metochi of Saint Constantine on the island of Imbros by the Monastery of Great Lavra (Mt. Athos), and a few related administrative documents about other metochia of the Monastery on the island of Lemnos. They cover chronologically the years 1918-1939.Quantity: Immediate Source of Acquisition: Purchase, 2013Information about Access: The collection is available for research.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Monastery of Great Lavra (Mt. Athos) Collection of Documents (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Συλλογή Εγγράφων Ιεράς Μονής Μεγίστης Λαύρας Αγίου Όρους)

David Richard Morier (1784-1877)

David Richard Morier was an English diplomat who served in Egypt, the Dardanelles, and Constantinople. He also authored "Photo the Suliot, a Tale of Modern Greece", 1857.

Collection Number: GR GL DRM 027Name of Creator(s): David Richard Morier (1784-1877)Title: David Richard Morier CollectionDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): GreekSummary: The collection consists of the correspondence of Demetrios Schinas, a copy of a letter of Adamantios Koraes to George Schinas.Quantity: 0.1 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition:Gift of Mrs. Francis Cunnack, 1962Information about Access: The collection is available for researchCite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, David Morier Collection of Documents (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Συλλογή Εγγράφων David Morier)

Konstantinos Mousouros (1807-1891)

Konstatinos Mousouros, a Greek by birth and culture but a Turkish subject, served as the ambassador of Turkey to Greece (1840-1847). He remained in Athens until the famous "Mousouros incident" in 1847 which brought a temporary break in diplomatic relations between the two countries. From 1851 to his retirement in 1885, he was Turkish ambassador in London where, for many years, he and John Gennadius were diplomatic colleagues and friendly rivals.

The collection consists of official documents relating to state affairs of the Ottoman Empire with Greece and other European countries. The most important section is the correspondence between Mousouros and his father-in-law Stephanos Vogoridis, Governor of Samos, where he gives an almost day-by-day account of all that was taking place there during the crucial period of the early Kingdom of Greece.

Quantity: 2.10 linear meters
Bought from G. Patriarcheas, 1971-1973

Michalis Myridakis

Michalis Myridakis served as an officer in the Greco-Italian War (1940-1941). During the Greek Civil War (1945-1949), he joined the Greek National Democratic Army. Myridakis has authored several books on the Greek Civil War.

Copies (originals are kept in the General State Archives[GAK]) of documents, letters and notebooks relating to his activity in the E.D.E.S. ( Greek Democratic National Army) and N. Zervas during the Greek Civil War.

Stratis Myrivilis is perhaps mostly known for his novels Life in the Tomb (1930), The Schoolmistress with the Golden Eyes (1933) and Vasiles (1943), novels widely read and very popular among generations of Greek readers. The bulk of his writings, however, consisted of newspaper articles (chronographemata) and texts for his radio programs, evidence that sheds light to another side of Myrivilis, that of an active journalist and broadcaster. Born on the island of Lesvos in 1892 he died in Athens in 1969 and lived through such sweeping events as the wars of the first half of the 20th century, the liberation of his native island, the rebellions and disillusionment, the despair and hope that followed World War II. No wonder so many of his stories are dominated by conflicting emotions and powerful contrasts. An ardent young patriot, who twice volunteered for war service and fought in the Balkan Wars, the campaign to Asia Minor, and also served as a reporter at the Albanian front, Myrivilis was no less a revolutionary idealist, a supporter of demotike and a pro-Venizelist, eventually to become known as one of the greatest prose writers of modern Greece.

Elias Papademetrakopoulos is a distinguished novelist and essay writer. He was born in Pyrgos in 1930. He was trained as a doctor at the Military Medical School of the University of Thessaloniki (1949-1955). His first novel under the title “Οι φρακασάνες” was published in the journal Αργώ of Kavalla in 1962 under a pseudonym. He published his works in several literary journals (Σκαπτή Ύλη, Ταχυδρόμος, Διάλογος, etc). He has been translated in French.

Collection Number: GR GL EP 085Name(s) of Creator(s): Elias Papademetrakopoulos (1930- )Title: Elias Papademetrakopoulos PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): GreekSummary: The collection consists of articles and manuscripts of Elias Papademetrakopoulos, correspondence between Papademetrakopoulos and Elias Petropoulos, material about Petropoulos, and a number of photos taken by Elias Petropoulos at Pyrgos in 1974.Quantity: 0.60 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Elias Papademetrakopoulos, 2006Information about Access: The collection is available for research, however, according to the wish of the donor, the correspondence is not accessible until 2017.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Elias Papademetrakopoulos Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Ηλία Παπαδημητρακόπουλου)

A doctor by training and a member of the Greek parliament since 1933, Georgios Papaioannou was the leader of the Trichonis sub-division of the National Republican Greek League (EDES) in the prefecture of Trichonis in Aitoloacarnania. After the end of the Greek Civil War, he served as mayor of Agrinion and member of the Greek Parliament.

Collection Number: GR GL GNP 093Name(s) of Creator(s): Georgios Papaioannou (1900-1986)Title: Georgios Papaioannou PapersDate [bulk]: 1930-1980
Date [inclusive]:Language(s): GreekSummary: Although part of the Georgios Papaioannou papers were published in 1999 (V. Lamnatos, Ανέκδοτα Ιστορικά Κείμενα της Εθνικής Αντιστάσεως του Γεωργίου Παπαϊωάννου), the archive contains a considerable amount of unpublished material about the activities of the National Republican Greek League (EDES) including information about the recognition of the EDES guerilla fighters during the dictatorship in 1969. Other material includes photographs from the mountains showing guerillas of EDES, various reports by Napoleon Zervas, the leader of EDES, correspondence between Papaioannou and British major G. McAdam, several issues of local newspapers (Παναιτωλική, Αχελώος, Χρόνος) from the 1950-1960s referring to the rivalry between ELAS (Greek People's Liberation Army) and EDES, but also to internal disputes between the guerilla fighters of EDES (Papaioannou vs. Stelios Choutas, Papaioannou vs. Antonis Papapandoleon). Quantity:Immediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Olga Patsiou, Demetra Papaioannou, and Nadia Tzevelekou, 2010Information about Access: The collection is available for researchCite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Georgios Papaioannou Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Γεωργίου Παπαϊωάννου)

Patriarchate of Antioch (1820-1830)

Collection Number: GR GL POA 077Name(s) of Creator(s): Chatzi Panano TheodosiouTitle: Patriarchate of Antioch (1820-1830)Date [bulk]: 1820-1830Languages(s): Greek, Turkish, Italian, French, and EnglishSummary: Two hundred and twenty-four documents, primarily from the Patriarch of Antioch Methodius (1823-1850) to Chatzi Panano Theodosiou, who lived in Istanbul and managed the business transactions between the Patriarchates of Antioch and Constantinope. The majority of the correspondence is written in Greek, a few letters, however, have been produced in "karamanlidika." There are also some documents written in Ottoman Turkish, Italian, French, and English.Quantity: 0.40 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Purchased in 2001Information and Access: The collection is available for research
Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Patriarchate of Antioch Collection (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Συλλογή Πατριαρχείου Κωνσταντινουπόλεως

Yorgis Pavlopoulos belongs to the first post-war generation of poets and along with a number of other poets and novelists all born in Eleia (Elis), such as Takis Sinopoulos, Nikos Kachtitses and Elias Papademetrakopoulos, they form an interesting group of intellectuals bound with strong ties of friendship. Paulopoulos, a respected figure in the modern Greek literary scene and a poet associated with George Seferis, had a trivial job in the local bus company and lived all his life in his home-town Pyrgos. The impact of nearby ancient Olympia, which he had visited thousands of times as he himself says in one of his interviews, and the Eleian landscape, especially the rivers Ladon, Alpheios and Erymanthos, is evident in his work. He published his first poems in 1943 in the journal Odysseas of Pyrgos and ever since published over six collections of poems, the most recent posthumously under the title Να μην τους ξεχάσω (Kedros 2008). His most famous collections, The Cellar, The Passkeys and A Little Sand, were translated into English, the first by Peter Levi, the others by Darlene Fife. Seferis described the poetry of Paulopoulos as being effective without any ornaments (‘ψιμύθια’). Paulopoulos collaborated with his friend Takis Sinopoulos in writing jointly experimental poetry. Like Sinopoulos, he was an amateur painter and had participated in a panhellenic art show.

Collection Number: GR GL GP 082Name(s) of Creator(s): Yorgis Pavlopoulos (1924-2008)Title: Yorgis Pavlopoulos PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): GreekSummary: The collection consists of correspondence with George Seferis and Nikos Kachtitses, as well as various typescripts of their work in progress given to Pavlopoulos. Seferis’ letters to Pavlopoulos date from 1962 to 1971 and provide evidence for a warm relationship. Kachtitses’ letters to Pavlopoulos cover the period from 1952 to 1967 and are written from Athens, Cameroon and Montreal where Kachtitses finally settled. There are also typewritten manuscripts of Kachtitses’ books with handwritten corrections, among which the best known is Ο Ήρωας της Γάνδης published in 1967. Pavlopoulos’ own notes on Kachtitses’ work are an important addition to the collection.Quantity: 0.24 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Yorgis Pavlopoulos, 2004 and 2006Information about Access: The collection is available for research.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Yorgis Pavlopoulos Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Γιώργη Παυλόπουλου)

Elias Petropoulos, a well-known writer and essayist, wrote widely about aspects of Greek life which were rarely considered objects of serious study: the design of the ubiquitous balconies, courtyards, ironwork, and windows of Greek buildings, the methods and vocabulary of preparing coffee and the art of telling fortunes from coffee-grounds, or the specialized slang of the Greek homosexual scene.His major work, Rebetika, documents the lyrics and instrumentation of this music, as well as the lifestyle associated with it.

Collection Number: GR GL ENP 039Name(s) of Creator(s): Elias Petropoulos (1928-2003)Title: Elias Petropoulos PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Quantity: ca. 12 linear metersLanguage(s): Greek, FrenchSummary: The collection includes his correspondence, original drawings by the author and other well-known Greek painters used for the illustration of his books, handwritten sheet music and lyrics of 1250 rebetika songs, photographs of musicians and singers, musical instruments, and other objects. See also Natalia Vogeikoff, "The Papers of Elias Petropoulos," The New Griffon, New Series 1, Athens: Gennadius Library 1996.Immediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Elias Petropoulos, 1974-2003. Gift of Mary Koukoule, 2008.Information about Access: The papers are catalogued and available for research (except for the correspondence) Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Elias Petropoulos Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Ηλία Πετρόπουλου)

Rolando Pieraccini Collection

Rolando Pieraccini, an Italian-born art patron, gallerist and publisher, who lives in Finland has founded the publishing house Eurographica. In 1984 he corresponded with Nobelist poet Odysseus Elytis about publishing his poems in English (translator Jeffrey Carson). The collection arrived to the GL Archives via the Greek embassy in Helsinki.

Collection Number: GR ASCSA GL RP 125Name(s)of Creator(s): Rolando Pieraccini (-)Title: Rolando Pieraccini CollectionDate [bulk]: 1984-1985
Date [inclusive]:Language(s): EnglishSummary: The collection consists of five letters from Οdysseus Elytis to editor Rolando Pieraccini, two letters of the poet's secretary (one to Rolando Pieraccini and one to the Dutch journalist Peter Michielsen), a clipping of a Finnish newspaper with photos of Elytis and one signed copy of the limited edition of Six and One Remorses for the Sky, published by Pieraccini in 1985 (Helsinki Eurographica, no of copy 130/300).Quantity: 0.03 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Rolando Pieraccini, 2017Information about Access: The collection is available for research.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Rolando Pieraccini Collection (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Συλλογή Rolando Pieraccini)

Politician and Prime Minister of Greece. Pipinelis studied law and served for many years as a diplomat in various Greek embassies and as Ambassador to Budapest (1936) and Sophia (1940). He became Minister of Foreign Affairs in the period 1947-1950. In 1952, Pipinelis became the permanent representative of Greece in NATO. In 1963 he was appointed Prime Minister of Greece by Queen Frederika, a position which he kept for a short time. His political career is characterized by his devotion to the royal family. In addition to his political career, Pipinelis wrote several books on the political history of Greece, such as "The Political History of the Greek Revolution" (1928), "The History of the Foreign Policy of Greece" (1948), and "Greece’s International Position and Social Problems" (1956).

Vangelis Raptopoulos (1959- )

Vangelis Raptopoulos has been characterized as “the most creative, the most passionate writer of his generation.” He is also considered to be the pioneer of the “1980s generation.” He first published in 1979 (In Pieces) when he was only 20 years old, and established himself as one of Greece’s most promising authors. His next two publications Toll Gates (1982) and The Cicadas completed a trilogy-team portrait of his generation. The Cicadas also came out in English. To date Raptopoulos has published 20 books, including The Incredible Story of Pope Joan (2000), a medieval novel about the only woman in history that became a Pope [inspired by Emmanuel Rhoides’s Pope Joan (Πάπισσα Ιωάννα) written in 1866], My Own America (2002) writing about his “journey” to contemporary American mass and serious literature, and The Great Sand (2007) a novel about Greece that disappears and changes. The Bachelor (1993) was adapted for Greek cinema, and Toll Gates for television.

Kleon Rizos-Rangavis was born in Athens in 1842 and died in Nice in 1917. After studying law in Berlin and Heidelberg, Rangavis served as diplomat in Washington, D.C., St. Petersburg, and Vienna, before being appointed Greece’s Ambassador to Sofia. Rangavis is especially known for his literary interests.

Rovertos Saragas was a dancer, choreographer and director. He was born in Rethymon, Crete on November 9, 1927 and was raised in Athens. He received his formal training and made numerous appearances in Athens. He made several appearances in Europe (Germany and England) and collaborated with the Mary Wigman Studio, the Lamda Theatre in London, with actress Dorothy Tutin, and with the Stratford Royal Shakespeare Company. He moved permanently in England in the 1960s. Saragas taught at the famous R.A.D.A Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London, where he taught, produced and directed among others the following plays: ‘The Trojan Women’, ‘Agamemnon’, Bacchae’, ‘Oedipus Rex’. He also conducted experimental work on ancient Greek plays with the Stratford Royal Shakespeare Company and made several appearances on TV. Saragas died in his London home from a heart attack on 26 February 1979. The collection consists of correspondence, notes, photographs, tapes, posters and newspaper clippings.

Alec Scouffi Collection

Born in Alexandria, Egypt in 1886 and died in Paris in 1932. Opera singer, poet and novelist. He moved to Paris from Alexandria around 1920. He published poetry collections, novels, and a biography of the singer Caruso. He was murdered in Rue de Rome in Paris in 1932.

Heinrich Schliemann (1822-1890), a German businessman, is best known for his excavations at Troy, Mycenae, and Tiryns. After a successful career in trade (including gold dust and indigo dye), he retired as a wealthy man in 1858, to pursue a life in archaeology. After divorcing his first wife Ekaterina, he married Sophia Engastromenou in 1869, who became his life-long partner in his excavations. Schliemann is considered to be the modern discoverer of prehistoric Greece.

Collection Number: GR GL HS 003Name(s) of Creator(s): Heinrich SchliemannTitle: Heinrich Schliemann Papers
Date [bulk]:
Date [inclusive]:Language(s): English, French, German, Greek, and other languagesSummary: The papers contain diaries, correspondence, manuscripts, personal documents, photographs, economic documents and registers, expenditure books, scrapbooks, and newspaper clippings.Quantity: 14,5 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Purchased from the Melas family, 1962-1966. On the acquisition history of the Schliemann papers, see also S. A. H. Kennell, “Schliemann and his Papers: A Tale from the Gennadeion Archives,” Hesperia 76:4 (2007), pp. 785-817 [http://www.ascsa.edu.gr/index.php/publications/Hesperia/]; and D. F. Easton, "The Schliemann Papers," Annual of the British School of Archaeology 77 (1982), pp. 93-110.Information about Access: The papers are catalogued and available for research Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Heinrich Schliemann Papers

Sophia Schliemann (1852-1932)

Renowned Law Professor Stylianos Seferiadis (1873-1951) was the father of poet and Nobel laureate George [Seferis] (1900-1971), Ioanna (1909-2000) who married C. Tsatsos professor of Law, philosopher, politician and, eventually, President of the Republic and Angelos (1905-1950), also a poet whose untimely death in the States in the 1950s marked the whole family. Of origin from Asia Minor, the Seferiadis family held a distinguished position in Athenian society and their house on 9, Kydathenaion St. was a landmark of literary and political circles. The Seferiadis Family Papers were received with the C. & I. Tsatsos Papers.

George Seferis was born in Smyrna in 1900 and moved to Athens when he was fourteen. He studied law in Paris (1918-1924), and joined the Greek diplomatic service in 1926. From 1957 to 1962 he served as Greece’s Ambassador in London. His first collection of poetry, Turning Point, was published in 1931. In 1963, he was awarded the Nobel prize for Literature. His poetic writings include Mythistorema, three collections under the title Log-Book (I-III), and the Three Secret Poems. Seferis who belongs to the so-called “Generation of Thirties”, is also a distinguished essayist, diarist and translator.

Takis Sinopoulos, a doctor by profession, was one of the most admired and honored Greek poets of the first post-war generation. A native of Pyrgos (Elis), together with a number of poets and novelists from the area, some of which were childhood friends, such as Yorgis Pavlopoulos, Nikos Kachtitses and Elias Papademetrakopoulos, they formed a distinct group of the modern Greek literary scene. Sinopoulos has based his poetry on his traumatic experience of the Italian War (1940-1941), the German-Italian occupation (1941-1944) and the Greek Civil War (1945-1949). According to Kimon Friar, who has translated into English a selection of poems, under the title Landscape of Death, Sinopoulos in all his poetry “remained obsessed by the cataclysmic events of those years… The world is depicted as a ravaged land of black cypress trees, inhabited by the ‘wandering dead,’ where the sea has turned to stone…” His poetic collections include Midpoint (1951), Cantos (1953), Acquaintance with Max (1956), Night and Counterpoint (1959), Deathfeast (1972), Chronicle (1975), etc. Composer Mikis Theodorakis has made some of Sinopoulos' poetry into songs. Of special interest is the material that Sinopoulos had collected for a book he was planning to write on Nikos Kachtitses that forms a distinct sub-collection.

Stephanos Skouloudis, a successful businessman and one of the co-founders of the Bank of Constantinople, became involved in Greek politics after he moved to Athens in 1876. With the outbreak of the Eastern Crisis Skouloudis was appointed as the Greek delegate in the negotiations with the Albanians. This was the starting point of a memorable political career. A close friend, political and personal, of Charilaos Trikoupis served in Trikoupis’ cabinets as Minister of Education, and Minister of Marine. Under Dimitrios Rallis’ government he served as Minister of Foreign Affairs. At the peak of his career, in the midst of the Great War and the big crisis in the Greek political scene with the severance in the relations of King Constantine and Eleftherios Venizelos, Skouloudis was summoned by the King to head the government for a short period of time (1915-1916). This was his last service to his country. He died in August 19, 1928 in Athens. Skouloudis was an ardent lover of the arts and a very important collector. After his death he donated his collection of paintings to the National Gallery. He was also a philanthropist throughout his life. One of his most eminent donations was the creation of the Opthalmological Clinic at Baloukli in Constantinople.

Collection Number: GR GL SS 048Name (s) of Creator (s): Stephanos Skouloudis (1838-1928)Title: Stephanos Skouloudis PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): Greek, French, ItalianSummary: The collection consists of Skouloudis’ official correspondence, scrapbooks of press cuttings, and books from his private library. They provide a wealth of information for the political career of Skouloudis and modern Greek history in the last part of the 19th century and the first quarter of the 20th. Skouloudis was also the founder of the Lake Compais Company Ltd (1883), which undertook the project of the drainage of the Copais Lake in the late 19th century.Quantity: 9 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of G. Athenogenni, 1986Information about Access: The papers are catalogued and available for research.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Stephanos Skouloudis Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Στέφανου Σκουλούδη)

Skouze-Grypari Family

Panagis Skouzes (1776-1847), one of the first members of the Philike Etaireia, supplied the first Greek army with guns for the War of Independence of 1821, on his own expenses. Georgios Skouzes (1811-1884), son of Panagis, was originally involved in commerce in Trieste, but later participated in the establishment of the National Bank of Greece, the Ionian-Industrial Bank, and the Athens-Peiraeus Railway Company.

The collection consists of legal and commercial documents of the Skouze commercial firm, notes on architecture, periodicals, and newspapers.

Athanasios Souliotis, an army officer who taught Geography in the Cadett Academy, participated in the Macedonian Struggle under the name Nikolaidis. In 1908, together with Ion Dragoumis, they established the so-called secret organization of Constantinople. Souliotis partcipated in the Balkan Wars and saved Thessaloniki by warning the Greeks of the impending invasion of the Bulgarians. In 1934, Souliotis was elected head of the Nome of Florina, while in 1935, he was elected General Commander of Thrace.

Bayard Stockton (1930-2006)

American journalist, author of Phoenix with a bayonet; a journalis’s interim report on the Greek Revolution (1971). During the 1950’s he worked as officer in Berlin and in London while being a freelance reporter for Newsweek and BBC. In 1964 he moved to Greece being the Greek, Cyprus and Turkey correspondent of ABC Radio News and the West German Radio and TV. His papers contain information (correspondence, magnetic tapes, maps, and photographs) concerning the publication of Phoenix with a Bayonet and the creation of a film on the Battle of Crete in WW2. Stockton also collected information on the history of the famous Athenian hotel Great Bretagne. Returning to the U.S. in 1980, Stockton freelanced in San Francisco, mostly for British media, until he settled in Santa Barbara. There he was copy-editor on the Santa Barbara News-Press; and, for three years, Associated Press award-winning commentator, host and reviewer for a local radio station.

Dorothy Horrax Sutton was born in Montclair, New Jersey in 1878, daughter of Mr and Mrs Edwin Horrax. She was trained as a kindergarten teacher. In 1918 she went to France where she directed various relief works. In the fall of 1919 Sutton returned to America. At that time the Near East Relief Organization was looking for specialized personnel to direct the work of establishing kindergartens in the Near East. She was approached by the organization and agreed to go over for a year as a volunteer worker. She arrived in Constantinople in 1920 and stayed there for a period of six months. Her next assignment was Caucasus and relief work with the Armenians in the region. At Erivan D.H. Sutton stayed about a year as director of the Near East work there. Subsequently she was sent to Ismit, Anatolia. With the end of the Greek-Turkish War and the subsequent exchange of populations Mrs Sutton was assigned to be in charge of the work of repatriating people from one country to the other. Sutton was sent to Salonica, where she served for fourteen months. With only a three weeks’ holiday in the United States D. H. Sutton continued to work in Greece up to 1926. Sutton in recognition of her work in directing the rehabilitation of the Greek refugees was decorated with the Croix of St Zaviere by King George of Greece. She was also decorated with the Distinguished Service Medal of the Near East Relief.

Collection Number: GR GL DHS 046Name (s) of Creator (s): Dorothy Horrax Sutton (1873-?)Title: Dorothy Horrax Sutton PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): English, GreekSummary: Letters of Dorothy Sutton, member of the Near East Relief, from Constantinople, South Russia, Greece (Loutraki, Kephallonia, Syros, Thessaloniki) to her family in the United States, referring to what she and the Near East Relief were doing for refugees and orphans (1920-26)Quantity: 0.60 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Alice H. Schell, 1984Information about Access: The collection is available for research.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Dorothy Horrax Sutton Papers

Distinguished novelist and playwright Angelos Terzakis was one of the main representatives of the innovative ‘Generation of the Thirties’, an influential group of writers that opened new grounds in literary experiment in the 1930s. Terzakis’ interests lie between broader historical and moral issues, as well as traditional values and the agonizing questions that torment the individual. The words of one of his heroes, Michalis Paradisis in the novel Without a God, who talks about the feeling that he belonged to a generation that had been sacrificed, probably, reflect Terzakis’ own concerns. The settings of Terzakis’ novels range from contemporary urban life, to the historical past, to the 13th century Peloponnese. Princess Izambo (1938/1945) is the most widely known and translated of Terzakis’ novels. Other novels by Terzakis include Without a God (1951) and The Secret Life (1957). Terzakis also wrote short stories, essays and newspaper serials and translated into Greek plays, poems and novels. His first collection of short stories was published in 1925. His plays, including Thomas with Two Souls, have been produced both in Greece and abroad (United States and Germany), while his historical dramas Emperor Michael (1936) and Theophano (1948) made an impact when performed in the 1950s and again in the 1970s. Furthermore, Terzakis’ career is highlighted by his involvement in editing literary periodicals, writing theater criticism and philological essays in the newspaper To Vima and teaching history of drama at the Drama School of the National Theatre of Greece. Terzakis also served as secretary and director of the National Theater of Greece for several years, as well as director of the Drama School of that institution. He was honored with various prizes and in 1974 he was elected a member of the Greek Academy of Arts and Sciences.

George Theotokas is one of the leading figures of the Generation of the Thirties. His writings were decisive in forming the Generation of the Thirties’ ideological framework. His first novel Argo was published in 1933, but it is his 1929 essay "Free Spirit" that is considered the Generation’s manifesto. A novelist, playwright, and essayist, Theotokas was born in Constantinople and moved to Athens in 1922, where he studied law at the University of Athens. He lived in London and Paris for a few years and upon his return worked as a lawyer. Leonis, The Sick and Wayfarers, Genius, and Diary Notebooks are some of the titles of his works, while his Essay on America (Δοκίμιο για την Αμερική, 1954, second edition in 2009), written after his 1952 trip to the United States, is not just a piece of travel literature, but a pivotal text on introducing and understanding some of the most complex ideological constructions of our modern Western world. His correspondence with other famous literary figures, such as George Seferis, is an important and rich research resource. As other intellectuals of his time, he became involved with the theatre and he served twice as director of the National Theater (1945-46 and 1951-52). His books have been widely translated and read and he was honoured with various prizes and awards. Theotokas married twice, his first wife was Nausika Stergiou, while his second wife whom he married only a few months before he died was poetess Koralia Andreadi. He died suddenly in Athens in 1966. On the 50th anniversary of his death in 2016, his papers were donated to the Archives of the Gennadius Library by his family.

Collection Number: GR ASCSA GL GT 123Name(s) of Creator(s): George Theotokas (1905-1966)
Date [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:1916-1966Quantity: 10 linear metersLanguage(s): Greek, English, FrenchSummary: The George Theotokas Papers consist of personal documents, diaries and notebooks, manuscripts, translations of his works, correspondence, books (first editions), newspaper clippings and reviews, typescripts of interviews, various articles of Theotokas, photographs of his works and performances of his plays, material related to the administration of the National Theater, theses and studies on Theotokas, posters and sketches, and posthumous material.Immediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Mrs. Lily Alivizatou & Nikolaos Alivizatos, 2016Information about Access: The collection will be available for research in January 2017.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, George Theotokas Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Γιώργου Θεοτοκά)

The papers of historian Spyridon Theotokis, brother of the novelist Konstantinos Theotokis, contain research material concerning his study of the history and genealogy of the Ionian Islands and Crete under the Venetian rule, documents from the Records of the Ionian Senate, which Spyridon Theotokis directed from 1912 to 1935, personal and professional correspondence.

The life and career of Constantine Tsatsos are tightly interlinked with the history of modern Greece in the 20th century. He played an active role in major historical events from the end of World War I to the fall of the military junta in 1974. Distinguished professor of law at the University of Athens and a member of the Athens Academy (1961), he published several philosophical treatises, biographies of Eleutherios Venizelos and Konstantinos Karamanlis, as well as translations of Cicero and Demosthenes. Tsatsos, the elusive “Mr. Ypsilon” in Henry Miller’s Colossus of Maroussi, is also known for his literary work, especially his poetic collections. He held various political posts since 1945 (Minister of Interior, Minister of Press, Minister of Education). In 1956 he joined ERE and thereafter was elected member of parliament in all elections, serving as Minister in various ministries under the Karamanlis governments. In June 1975, Constantine Tsatsos was elected President of the Hellenic Republic (1975-1980). During his long political and academic career he received many honors and awards from various institutions in Greece and abroad. In 1930, Constantine Tsatsos married Ioanna Seferiadi, the daughter of renowned Law Professor Stylianos Seferiades and sister of poet and Nobel laureate George Seferis. Ioanna Tsatsou was born in Smyrna and studied law at the University of Athens. During the German Occupation she was an active member of an organization for the rescue of British soldiers and of organizations devoted to the welfare of children. During 1950-51 she was a leader in the struggle for female suffrage. She is the author of a number of books, among which My Brother George Seferis and Φύλλα Κατοχής are the most known. She also wrote poems and contributed articles on public issues.

Vasilis (Vasos) Tsimbidaros was a journalist and writer who lived through the turmoil of the 20th century and covered many historical and political events in Greece and abroad. He served as head of the Press Office of Archibishop Damaskinos after World War II and later for the Press Office of the Greek Embassy in London.

Collection Number: GR GL VT 076Name(s) of Creator(s): Vasilis Tsimbidaros, 1919-2002Title: Vasilis Tsimbidaros PapersDate [bulk]: 1961-1973
Date [inclusive]:Language(s): GreekSummary: The collection consists of letters of Paul Nor (Πωλ Νορ, 1899-1981) to Vasilis Tsimbidaros, a few newspaper clippings including one on Paul Nor written by Tsimbidaros in 2001. Paul Nor (pen name of Nikos Nikolaides) was a Greek journalist and writer, mostly known as a writer of satirical plays. He studied law and worked as a lawyer until 1927 when he started writing poetry and working as a journalist. He became established in the 1930s when he was publishing Paparouna a journal of political satire. For a long period, he lived in the U.S. (1938-1970), and in Sweden (1970-1974).Quantity: 0.05 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Vasilis Tsimbidaros, 2001Information about Access: The papers are available for researchCite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Tsimbidaros Vasilis Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Βασίλη Τσιμπιδάρου)

Emmanuel Tsouderos studied law and economics. From 1906 on he was elected several times as a member of the Greek Parliament. From 1919 to 1929 he represented Greece in many international meetings on commercial, economical issues and on issues concerning the national debt. He served as Minister of Transportation (1924) and Minister of Economy (1924) before becoming Deputy President of the Bank of Greece (1925), and President (1931-1939), when he was dismissed by the Metaxas government. In April 1941 he was entrusted by King George II with the formation of a government which became the Greek government-in-exile during World War II. After the war he was appointed Minister of Coordination and Minister of Interior.

Collection Number: GR GL ET 088Name (s) of Creator (s): Emmanuel I. Tsouderos (1882-1956)Title: Emmanuel I. Tsouderos PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): English, GreekSummary: The collection consists of official documents pertaining to foreign policy during World War II; periodicals and newspapers pertinant to the Cretan Revolutionary movement in 1905 and the Battle of Crete in 1941; personal notes and underground press of the Resistance during the German occupation and the Civil War.Quantity: 0.88 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Emmanuel Tsouderos, 1948-1954Information about Access: The papers are catalogued and available for research.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Emmanuel I. Tsouderos Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Εμμανουήλ Τσουδερού)

Nikos Vassilikos was born in Thasos in 1898. In 1917, he enrolled as a student at the Law School of the University of Athens. He served his military service first in Mytilene (1918-1919) and then at the Asia Minor front. He graduated from the Law School in 1923 and moved to Kavalla where he practiced law. In January 1936 he was elected member of the Parliament, the first from the district of Kavalla. During the German occupation Vassilikos and his family moved to Thessaloniki; they returned to Kavalla in 1947. He joined the political party of George Papandreou but failed to be elected . In April 1959 he was a member of the defense team of G. Staktopoulos in the infamous murder case of the American journalist George Polk. He was married to Kaiti Vassilikou and had two children, Elza and the novelist Vassilis Vassilikos.

Born in Kavala in 1934, novelist Vasilis Vasilikos gained international fame when his novel “Z” became a successful film in 1969, directed by Costas Gavras. “Z” was also translated in 32 languages. Vasilikos has written more than 90 books (novels, short, stories, theater) and also served as Greece’s Ambassador in UNESCO (1996-2004). His early papers have been deposited at the Mugar Library of Boston University.

Kostas Varnalis Papers

Kostas Varnalis (1884-1974), poet, prose writer and critic, was born in Pyrgos, Eastern Rumelia (now Burgas, Bulgaria). He studied classics at the University of Athens and spent his most creative years as a writer in France. Along with his contemporaries N. Kazantzakis and A. Sikelianos, Varnalis bridges the Generation of Palamas with the Generation of the Thirties. His papers are an invaluable resource for the study of the Inter-war years, a crucial period for modern Greek history and literature. The ingenious deconstruction of ancient Greek tradition combined with the humanistic ideals of social freedom and justice make Varnalis an exceptional and revolutionary literary figure. His most famous works include The Burning Light (1922), Slaves Besieged (1927), The True Apology of Socrates (1931) and the important critical study Solomos without metaphysics (1925). He was awarded the Lenin prize for peace in 1959.

Collection Number: GR GL KV 075Name(s) of Creator(s): Kostas Varnalis (1884-1974)Title: Kostas Varnalis PapersDate [bulk]:Date [inclusive]:Language(s): GreekSummary: The papers consist of manuscripts (poems, prose, essays, translations, notebooks), articles in newspapers and journals, correspondence, photographs, printed material of interest to Varnalis, newspaper clippings, and publications on Varnalis and his work. The gift also included a large number of books, all of which belonged to Varnalis’ personal book collection.Quantity: ca 10 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Eugenia Varnali, 2001Information about Access: The papers are catalogued and available for research. The catalogue has been published by Theano Michaelidou in The New Griffon 2010Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Kostas Varnalis Papers

Elias Venezis (1904-1973) is a well-known Greek prose writer, who belongs to the so-called "Thirties Generation" (Η γενιά του ’30). His novels and short stories reflect his horrible experiences of cruelty before and after the Asia Minor Disaster (1922). His first book, Number 31328, published in 1931, is the chronicle of Venezis’ fourteen months spent as a “slave laborer” in Anatolia, rebuilding what had been destroyed during the war between the Greeks and the Turks. In a later novel, the Aeolic Earth (1943), Venezis recounted his childhood in his native Aeolia. Lawrence Durell, in his preface to the English edition of Αιολική Γη (Beyond the Aegean) considered Venezis “to be together with Myrivilis one of the greatest Greek novelists of to-day”.

The 2656 files of the Great Greek Biographical Dictionary contain data collected by journalist and politician Constantine A. Vovolinis (1913-1970) with the intention to write biographical essays of people active in Greek public life in the late 19th and the largest part of the 20th century. His brother Spyros A. Vovolinis (1910-1995), journalist and publisher of Industrial Review, undertook the publication of the Biographical Dictionary. Although the publication ceased after the appearance of the first five volumes (1958-1962), C. Vovolinis continued to collect data for some more years in order to complete the Archive. In 1997, Margarita Dritsa with the collaboration of Georgia M. Panselina published the first volume of the Biographical Dictionary’s catalogue (Το Αρχείο Κωνσταντίνου Αντ. Βοβολίνη, Αθήνα 1997). The full catalogue of the Archive (processed and catalogued by Georgia Panselina), with more than 10.000 entries, is available both at our site (click on the title of this entry) and at the site of Economia Publishing. With such data available, the Archive of the Biographical Dictionary is one of the most important sources of biographical information existing in Greece.

Collection Number: GR GL CAV 107Name (s) of Creator (s): Constantine Vovolinis (1913-1970)Title: Constantine Vovolinis PapersDate [bulk]:
Date [inclusive]:
Language(s): Greek, English, FrenchSummary: The collection consists of 2656 files of the Great Biographical Dictionary which contain data collected by journalist and politician Constantine A. Vovolinis (1913-1970) with the intention to write biographical essays of people active in Greek public life in the late 19th and the largest part of the 20th century.Quantity: 14 linear metersImmediate Source of Acquisition: Gift of Alexandra Vovolini, 2012Information about Access: The papers are catalogued and available for research. The full catalogue of the Archive (processed and catalogued by Georgia Panselina), with more than 10.000 entries, is available.Cite as: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Gennadius Library Archives, Constantine Vovolinis Papers (Αμερικανική Σχολή Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα, Γεννάδειος Βιβλιοθήκη, Αρχείο Κωνσταντίνου Βοβολίνη)

Andreas Vourloumis (1910-1999)

Ten years younger than George Seferis and one year older than Odysseus Elytis, painter Andreas Vourloumis (1910-1999) belongs to the so-called “30s Generation” of literary Greece. Of subtle and gentle character, son of a well-to-do Athenian family, Vourloumis did not share the forced uprooting, the nostalgia for the lost fatherland, and the quest for “Greekness” that was typical of most members of this generation (e.g., Stratis Myrivilis, Elias Venezis, George Seferis, George Theotokas, and Stratis Doukas). Although he studied chemistry, Vourloumis spent most of his life exercising his talent by drawing portraits of important Athenians of his time, or by painting Byzantine icons and illustrating Byzantine churches. He admired, and was for a time the pupil of one of the most venerated icon-painters and literary figures of his generation: Photis Kontoglou.

The collection consists of sketchbooks with pen drawings and watercolors inspired by his fellow soldiers, the places he lived, and the Epirote landscapes he saw during his service at the Albanian forefront in 1940-1941. A considerable part of the collection was published recently (Ανδρέας Βουρλούμης, Μπλοκ Εκστρατείας. Ζωγραφική Περιήγηση στο Αλβανικό Μέτωπο, Αθήνα 2000).

Francis R. Walton was a noted bibliophile and classical scholar who specialized in the study of ancient Greek religion. Born in Philadelphia in 1910 he received his B.A. at Haverford College in 1932, and his Doctorate at Harvard University in 1938. He was a Fellow at the American Academy in Rome for two years in the late 1930s, prior to returning to the United States to teach. He taught classics at Haverford College, Williams College, the University of Minnesota, and the University of Chicago. From 1952 to 1960 he served as the Chairman of the Classics Department at Florida State University. In 1961 Walton was appointed Director of the Gennadius Library at the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. He held the post until his retirement in 1975. In 1976 he was awarded the Order of the Phoenix by the Greek state in recognition of his contribution to Greek life and culture. He died on October 5, 1989 in Washington D.C.

Thomas Hewett Waterman (1846-1921)

Letters from George Constantin, pastor of the Church of the Evangelists in Greece, to Waterman Thomas Hewett, professor of German at Cornell University. The collection also includes letters by Vlasios Chrysikopoulos, Director of the National Library in Greece, and Artemis Kallergis.

Quantity: Forty (40) documents.
Gift of H. W. Hewett-Thayer, 1946

William Aigner Wigram (1872-1953)

Reverend William Aigner Wigram was appointed in 1902 by the Archbishop of Canterbury to head the latter's mission to the Assyrian Christians in Kurdistan. In 1922 he became chaplain to the British Legation in Athens, where he actively participated in the relief efforts for the Greek refugees from Asia Minor. In 1928 Wigram was appointed to a canonry in Malta.