Interpretive summary: Campylobacter fetus is a member of a bacterial group that also contains the established pathogens Campylobacter jejuni and Helicobacter pylori. Campylobacter fetus is currently divided into two groups, Campylobacter fetus fetus and Campylobacter fetus venerealis. C. fetus fetus has been isolated from food animals and multiple food sources and has also been associated with human illness, while C. fetus venerealis is exclusively a veterinary pathogen. Recently, a new group of C. fetus strains has been described, isolated from reptiles and from human clinical samples. We named this group C. fetus testudinum. C. fetus testudinum strain 03-427 originated from a human clinical sample. To further understand this organism, and the relation between the three C. fetus groups, the complete DNA sequence of the strain 03-427 chromosome was determined. Genes were identified and compared to those found in other C. fetus strains.