Question: Is Allāh’s speech an innate quality, only? Or both innate and Qawliya (i.e. based on Allāh’s Divine Will. For indeed Allāh speaks with what He Wills, when He Wills, and How He Wills.)?

Answer: Innate and Qawliya (i.e. based on Allāh’s Divine Will). He Speaks when He Wills, and with what He Wills. It is Innate and Qawliya.

He (the questioner) is asking is Speech merely an innate characteristic? This is the statement of the Ashāi’ra (Asharī’s). With them Speech is merely established meanings with Allāh, without letters or voice. They only say speech is an innate characteristic, but does He Speak? According to them, no! However, Ahl-Sunnah say, Speech is an innate quality with which Allāh is able to speak, and Allāh Speaks when He Wills, and if He Wills and to whatever extent.

Allāh says, “Say (O Muhammad ﷺ to mankind).”If the sea were ink for (writing) the Words of my Lord, surely, the sea would be exhausted before the Words of my Lord would be finished, even if we brought (another sea) like it for its aid.” [Al-Kahf: 18:109]

The statement of Al-Imām Ahmad bin Hanbal – may Allāh have mercy on him – about Al-Qadar, “Not to debate or argue with anyone, and not to learn argumentation.” There are from amongst the small students of knowledge, who go and debate with the Rāfidah, the Jahmiyyah, and the Mu’tazilah concerning the divine decree, debating with them in these affairs. Do not subject yourself to doubts, (for indeed they lead you to being) astray. However, the skilful scholar, who knows that he will be able to benefit with such debates, either aiding the Sunnah or subduing the people of falsehood, or even maybe Allāh will guide the one whom the scholar is debating. If he is seeking then truth, then the scholar is to clarify the issue to him.

As for you, the poor small student, who is weak in knowledge, do not debate! I emphasise this point to the students of knowledge that you should not debate concerning the likes of these very serious innovations. As for the normal affairs that you know, and they are in the limits of your abilities, and you fully understand them, then there is no problem for you to discuss them, as long as the intention is not to debate and gain victory, but rather the goal is for clarification.

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