NED -- The NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database

Introduction To NED

NED is a comprehensive database of multiwavelength data for extragalactic
objects, providing a systematic, ongoing fusion of information integrated from
hundreds of large sky surveys and tens of thousands of research publications.
The contents and services span the entire observed spectrum from gamma rays
through radio frequencies. As new observations are published, they are cross-
identified or statistically associated with previous data and integrated into a
unified database to simplify queries and retrieval. Seamless connectivity is
also provided to data in NASA astrophysics mission archives
(IRSA,
HEASARC,
MAST),
to the astrophysics literature via
ADS,
and to other data centers around the world.

References can be queried
By Author and
By Object Name.
The
LEVEL 5 Knowledgebase
augments review articles in extragalactic astrophysics
and cosmology with object names and graphical content within the articles linked
directly to relevant database queries.

NED's data and references are being continually updated in an internal
production database, and revised versions are released on the public website
every few months. New or improved science functionality is also released on
a regular basis.

An Extragalactic Database

We emphasize that NED is an extragalactic database.
Data and references for Galactic objects may be
retrieved from SIMBAD (Set of Identifications, Measurements,
and Bibliography for Astronomical Data), maintained by Centre de
Données Astronomiques de Strasbourg, France.
Similarly, solar system and planetary data (e.g. for Mars
or for Halley's Comet) may be retrieved from NASA's
Planetary Data System (PDS)
at JPL, and data for exoplanets are available at the
NASA Exoplanet Archive.

Many of the individual catalogs integrated into NED are available
from CDS (Centre données astronomiques de Strasbourg)
at the Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory, Strasbourg, France.

If your research benefits from the use of the NED database, the following
acknowledgement in your paper would be appreciated:

This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED),
which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration.

When citing NED within a paper, the following statement may be inserted
as a footnote:

The NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) is operated by the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

World Wide Web

This is a standard WWW interface for searching objects, references, and data in NED.
Return to the NED home page to use the WWW interface.

We have not optimized WWW NED for use with any particular browser.
We use HTML 3 whenever possible, with a few extensions from HTML 4 when
necessary.
We have done this to insure that NED will be accessible by as many of its
users as possible.
If you experience difficulty using NED with your
browser, please check your "Preferences" or "Options" settings for type,
color, and font size; or try another browser if possible. If the problem
persists, please
send NED a note
so that we can try to fix the problem.