HSM 438 WEEK 2 PAPER CYBERTERRORISM

Case Studies: Information Warfare & Cyber terrorism Advances in technology have changed the way we live globally. Most people cannot be separated from their computer, laptop, cell phone, or favorite video game. Technology is in our everyday lives. We can go online almost anywhere in the world and do our shopping, banking and make movies from our cell phone or digital recorder. While it has provided many advantages the cyber world also comes with it disadvantages. A new type of criminal that did not exist 30 years ago has turned the digital world into a weapon of evil and a battle between countries. Today we fight a new kind of criminal, one that can be as far as across the globe or be right next door. It first started with individuals looking for personal gain. Now governments are fighting a new type of warfare, the Information war of a cyber-terrorism. Countries around the globe are using cyber-warfare as a way to gain valuable information and spy on one another. In 2007 a denial of service attack on the country of Estonia is one example of the damage and negative effects of cyber warfare. “The Estonian attacks began at the end of April 2007, and demonstrated quite profoundly how widely distributed and loosely coordinated denial-of service attacks could affect an entire nation. Initially, only Estonian governmental computer systems were attacked, which later spread via the Internet throughout the country to newspapers, TV stations, schools, and banks. The attacks intensified on May 3 and again on May 8–9. Although some Russian government server systems were involved, many other systems participated in the attack. The Estonian government suspected Russian complicity. A Kremlin spokesman denied any Russian governmental involvement. Analysis is apparently still ongoing. Many opportunities exist for creating major service denials, often requiring no direct access to system resources. Much more serious potential damage can result from the implantation of Trojan horses and other forms of malware (worms, viruses, and so on) some of which could have effects that were largely undetectable (such as surreptitious surveillance), others that could trigger outages and situations from which recovery would be exceedingly difficult (Neumann, P. G. 2007).” The Estonian case apparently represents the first case in which a specific country was the targeted. This is just the tip of an iceberg with respect to the potential for disruption whether widespread or specifically targeted. In 2008 cyber-attacks in South Ossetia war between Georgia and Russia was even more damaging. New studies reveal that cyber-attacks orchestrated from Russia created a strategic economic impact. Civilians and criminal organizations in several countries were recruited to aid the military effort. Analysts also suspect that digital time bombs were embedded in Georgian networks to cause future damage (Fulghum, 2009).” These attacks were believed to be in response to Georgia’s surface-to-air missile technology the shot down between eight Russian aircrafts. Since it is believed that Russian criminal organizations were assisting in the attacks, because many of the targets were financial institutions. I would not be surprising if some of the criminals organizations were would not hesitate to exploit the situation for future financial gains. Many of these attacks appeared to be strategic attacks aimed at Georgian oil and gas pipelines that are in competition with Russia. Russia was responsible for both the attacks on Estonia and Georgia. The same type of attacks that happened in Estonia was also the same type of cyber-attacks that happened in Georgia. These were denial of service attacks. In the case of the United States computers that were compromised in East Asia in July of 2006. According to Donald R. Reid,…

comparing the actual value of assets to the record value and make adjustments every year for the difference. To high of a Goodwill can lead investors in the wrong direction and amortizing and simply create fake values.
Closing
As has been shown in this paper, there have been several changes throughout the past few decades with more changes to come in order to make accounting practices consistent and fair. The reasoning for obtaining this information from the clients is to ensure that all of the standards…

Week 2 Paper
Anna Steele-Hankerson
REL/133 World Religious Traditions I
November 24, 2014
University of Phoenix
Bruce Weightman
Week 2 Paper
The early studies of Hinduism are traceable to Harappa Culture. This religious devotion continuous in India today. Hindus continued to worship the path of the God on God’s in temples and also construct altars in their homes this involves offerings of flowers, food, incenses, and fire images for the Gods singing hymns is a divine reality. There are…

Globalization by definition is “the act extending an influence to all parts of the world.” Knowing that an influence can be good or bad, in the case of business globalization the control would not be enough, i.e. detrimental to humans and wildlife. (2 conclusion) Globalization can only be good for a planet if the ones in charge are responsible. Only if the ones in charge of the global business create laws that are good and treat people fairly can it ever work. In many occasions though, people are…

Controlling energy intake, having physical activity of 60-90 minutes a day, breaking eating habits and monitoring what you eat can help increase weight loss.
Dieting is best when planned out with a professional. According to the chapter “Losing a pound a week” is a good way to keep a slow and steady weight loss program (Wardlaw & Smith, 2011). Fad diets do help you lose weight fast, but are unhealthy, can cause health problems in the future, and promote no long-term lifestyle change.
A key term that I…

pension excise tax regulation. This proposal entitles employees seasonal and full time to obtain health insurance through the employers. This proposal also entitles employees who work at least 30 hours per week to obtain health insurance. This proposal affects me because I am working 40 hours a week and do obtain health insurance through the federal government.
Write the public comment that you would submit to this proposal. If the proposed regulation deadline has already passed, write the comment…

Police History, Styles, and Issues Paper
Jessica Redfield
CJA 204
June 1st, 2015
Erica Veljica
Police officers have been around since back in the colonial days. Back then, they were not called police officers they were called watchmen. Back then, every citizen was a watchmen and they did not receive pay for their duties. However, some wealthy citizens paid others to do their duty for them. People did not start getting paid to Philadelphia started paying…

Angelia Kelley Part of week 2 Cultural paper.
Difference between Mexico and Spain
Spanish Dance vs Mexican Dance
The thought of Spanish dance instantly makes us think up images of the strumming guitars, stomping feet and bright dresses of flamenco. Many people make a common connection between Spain and flamenco, an overabundance of traditional dance that is from Spain's various regions combine into the lengthy history of Spanish dance ("Enforex ", 2015).
Mexican music is known for its Mariachi…

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