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To be able to label the parts associated with the hip joint on both the femoral and pelvic sides To be able to explain how the muscles and ligaments in the hip allow for movement To deduce and identify common diseases and injuries of the hip To compare the methods of repairing common hip diseases and injuries, both biologically and surgically Learning Objectives

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Formed by the Ilium, ischium, and pubis. Deep Socket on the outer edge of the pelvis The depth of the acetabulum is further increased by a fibrocartilagenous labrum attached to the acetabulum. Acetabulum

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The large round head of the femur rotates and glides within the acetabulum. The neck of the femur connects the femoral head with the shaft of the femur. The neck ends at the greater and lesser trochanter prominences. Femur

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Greater Trochanter Bump on the femur and easy to feel on outside of your thigh Site for tendons of several muscles to attach. The lesser trochanter is also a the site for tendon attachment. Trochanters

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As the joint bears more weight, the contact of the surface areas increases as does joint stability. When standing, the bodys center of gravity passes through the center of the acetabulum. Biomechanics

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Quadriceps Hamstrings Gluteal Group Adductor Group Illiopsoas Group Lateral Rotator Group Muscles of the Hip

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The quads make up about 70% of the thighs muscle mass. The purpose of the quads is flexion (bending) of the hip and extension (straightening) of the knee. Quadriceps

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Has a large moment aiding in hip extension. Hamstrings

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Gluteus maximus – main hip extensor and keeps the head of the femur from sliding forward in the hip socket Gluteus medius – helps keep the pelvis level when walking and helps to abduct the thigh Gluteus minimus – Works with medius to help abduct the thigh Gluteal Group

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Made up of: adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus, pectineus, and the gracilis muscles. Originate on the pubis and insert on the medial, posterior surface of the femur. Muscles aid in adduction, hence adductor group. Adductor Group

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Comprised of the iliacus and psoas major. The strongest of the hip flexors. Important in standing, walking, and running. Iliopsoas Group

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Made up of the externus and internus obturators, the piriformis, the superior and inferior gemelli, and the quadratus femoris. Originate at or below the acetabulum of the ilium and insert on or near the greater trochantor. Aid lateral rotation of the hip. Lateral Rotator Group

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Hip Tendons and Ligaments

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IT Band (Tendon) IT Band (Iliotibial Band) Runs along femur from hip to knee Hip Anatomy,Iliotibial Band

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Most common form of hip arthritis Chronic condition characterized by the breakdown of cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones where they meet to form joints Wear and Tear Arthritis Results in pain, stiffness, loss of movement, and potential formation of bone spurs

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Proposed causes: chemotherapy, alcoholism, excessive steroid use, and many others Most commonly affects the ends of long bones, thus the hip joint is commonly affected by AN Usually affects people between 30 and 50; about thousand people develop AN at the head of the femur each year