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Max Planck Research Group Behavioural Genomics (Liedvogel)

Max Planck Research Group Behavioural Genomics

Among bird species, migration is the rule rather than the exception. Birds have the options and theoretical possibilities to choose various migratory strategies and make use of vastly diverse navigation and orientation systems. One characteristic of bird migration is its variability, both within and among species. Particularly fascinating are young birds on their first migratory journey covering thousands of kilometres that often spans continents. These tiny birds, weighing roughly 15 grams, travel to wintering areas they have never been before - without the guidance of their parents, but with amazing accuracy! How do they do this?

From quantitative genetics analysis of selection experiments we know that variation in migratory behaviour, as well as physiological and morphological adaptations to migration, are largely due to genetic differences. But so far we know nothing about the number and identity of genes involved in controlling migratory traits, or the magnitudes of their effects.

With our research we want to identify and map the genes behind the components shaping the migratory phenotype. We want to understand: What is the genetic basis of migration, and which signalling pathways are associated with variation of the migratory phenotype?

Our primary objective is to identify and characterise genetic variation and detect variation in gene expression patterns between blackcap Sylvia atricapilla populations following different migratory strategies, e.g. different migratory directions, long and short distance migration, and at least one completely sedentary population. To most efficiently address these questions, we combine next generation sequencing techniques with behavioural observations in a well-characterised study system. Specifically, we identify and map the genes behind the components shaping the migratory phenotype using Illumina HiSeq sequencing technology. Because the basis of phenotypic differences might not (only) lay in the sequence, we complement the sequencing approach with gene expression profiling and characterisation of chromatin modification to investigate the extent of phenotypic variation manifested by expression differences, either through slight genetic differences or epigenetic processes.