● Defendant’s mother and her neighbor both saw defendant washing car at the time of the crime. ● Defendant’s girlfriend testified she was with him on the night of the crime.

Did the defendant testify at trial?

No

Types of evidence at trial

Eyewitness

Forensic Evidence

Type of Forensic Evidence

Serology

Types of Flawed Forensics

Valid (Non-probative)

Brief Quote / Description of Testimony

Due to the phenomenon of masking and quantification, “there would be no one eliminated” by the serological results.

Identity of eyewitness

Cross Racial Identification

Victim

Lineup Procedures

Composite drawing

Lineup

Photo array

Suggestive Procedures

Yes ● Suggestive line-up – the photo of Anderson was the only color photo and the only one with an employee number ● Not told that the attacker might not be in the array

Quotes from testimony #1

Detective: Q. Now isn’t it true that that photograph was an employee identification photograph from Kings Dominion? A. Uh, it was a one-on-one photograph of the I.D. card, yes, sir. A. Yes, sir. Now isn’t it true that that photograph had either a social security number or some type of employee number on the face of it and that made it completely different from the other photographs, sir? A. Yes, sir. Q. Now just before the line-up or during the line-up, had you told, uh, Miss Gardner anything? A. Did I tell her anything? Q. Yes, sir. A. I asked her to go in and look at the seven people in the room to see if she could identify the man that committed the crime. Q. So did you tell her that the suspect had been arrested? A. We asked her to go in and look at the people in the line-up to see if she could pick out the suspect.