Chapter 1
Introduction
This experiment requires students to design and implement a digital clock on DE1 board using Verilog HDL language. In this experiment, the digital clock was deigned to have four functions. As shown below, three of them are fundamental functions and one is additional function. Fundamental functions:
• 4-digit minute and second display
• Time setting.
• A stopwatch with 4-digit…...

...The circuit uses the AC signals generated
at the buzzer terminals of an
alarm clock. The AC signals are amplified
by transistors T1 and T2 and
the amplified output from the emitter
of T2 is fed to the inverting input of
negative-voltage comparator IC LM311
(IC1). The non-inverting input of IC1
gets a presettable voltage through preset
VR1. The inverting and non-inverting
inputs of LM311 are different from
other op-amps and it outputs sink current
through pin 7 or source current
through pin 1.
When pin 3 of IC1 is at a higher
voltage than pin 2, its output sinks
as indicated by LED1. This gives a
short negative pulse to the monostable
wired around timer NE555. Resistor
R5 keeps trigger pin 2 of IC2 high.
The short-interval monostable outputs
a high signal for a brief period to the
gate of SCR1 (BT169) and relay RL1
energises. The latching action of SCR1
keeps the relay pulled even when the
output of the monostable turns low.
The relay can be de-energised by disconnecting
the supply to the circuit
D. MOHAN KUMAR
CLOCK TIMER S.C. DWIVEDI via switch S1.
The circuit works off a 9V battery.
Assemble it on a general-purpose
PCB and enclose in a suitable
cabinet. Provide an AC outlet in the
cabinet to switch on the appliance using
the circuit. As mentioned earlier,
the input signal is obtained from the
buzzer terminals of the clock. Remove
the small buzzer of the clock and connect
point ‘A’ to the positive terminal
and point ‘B’ to the......

...Digital Tachometer with Use of Dragon Board-12
Table of Contents
Abstract-------------------------------------------------------------------(3)
Introduction--------------------------------------------------------------(3)
Main Result---------------------------------------------------------------(4)
Conclusion----------------------------------------------------------------(7)
Future Work-------------------------------------------------------------(7)
References----------------------------------------------------------------(8)
Appendix A--------------------------------------------------------------(9)
Appendix B--------------------------------------------------------------(10)
Abstract
We introduce one method of addressing the problem of finding the Revolutions per minute of a DC motor without the use of a commercial tachometer, through the use of Dragon Board-12 embedded system. The method we chose to use involved setting up a low pass filter circuit to reduce noise and voltage to a level that the safe for use with the Dragon Board-12. The output from the low-pass filter was then passed through an analog to digital converter which was coded using C code, to convert the signal into a machine readable input. The input was then converted into revolutions per minute and then stored for 15ms, at which time an average was taken (to reduce noise) and then sent to the LCD screen as the tachometer output in revolutions per minute.
Introduction
In modern days, with the...

...“GOOD MORNING PILLOW”
Alarm clock was invented to wake up the person at a specific time but sometimes it is not that effective. The problem here is not in the alarm clock it’s in the person. People usually set their alarm clocks according to time they need to wake up but instead of getting up on bed they just ignore the irritating sounds of the alarm clock because of tiredness or they just only want to get more sleep. So that there is a lot of innovation of alarm clock today on how people can quickly go out to their beds one of best example is the Clocky Alarm Clock, this clock works like a normal alarm clock until you press snooze. As soon as you snooze it rolls itself off the table and hides someplace in your room. Once it finds a good hiding spot and stops moving the alarm goes off again until you get out of bed to find it and to shut it off.
We, the group of researchers also have an idea also about this matter this is what we call Good morning pillow. Good morning pillow works like a normal alarm clock but instead of irritating sounds that will welcome your morning, it’s a light that will flash in your face, and this light will help to stimulate you to start a new and a happy morning. And since some people wants to hear music in the morning we also provide a mp3 player in this invention....

...Business ethics
Homework on the Clock
The first thing that becomes obvious to me when watching this video, is that the employee here has lost his drive to succeed in his current position. Regardless of one’s drive to better themselves and further their education, it should be apparent to anyone that still values their current employment, that doing homework on company time is not a good way to go about it. He completes his work in an “auto-pilot” like mode, performing his routine required actions, but his mind and his intentions are elsewhere. Either he is passionate about things that have nothing to do with his current position and title, like chemistry, and/or he has lost all motivation for his current position and employer.
If the person conducting the interview knew the actual truth of how he was able to get his degree, on paid company time, he would undoubtedly be unhappy, as would the superiors above him, if there are any. I suspect that corrective action would absolutely have to be taken, such as demotion or pay cut, suspension, and subsequent closer monitoring of his daily work routine. I doubt however, that he would be terminated completely from his position, as even if he does work on “auto-pilot” most of the time, he appears to be an important asset to the company, and even well-liked by the interviewer.
From an ethical standpoint, I would think that it would be the interviewer’s duty at this point, to ensure that this kind of conduct did not occur again......

...illegal and inappropriate actions being undertaken. Ultimately, Enron declared bankruptcy, wiping out the personal wealth of thousands of people who worked for Enron and causing billions of dollars of investment losses for the individual investors and mutual funds that held the Enron stock. Outcome The Enron story is not yet finished at this writing. Several corporate officers have pleaded guilty and have been sentenced to jail, including Andrew Fastow, former CFO (10 years in jail plus fines), Lea Fastow, Andrew’s wife and a former Enron executive (1 year in jail), and former Enron Treasurer Ben Glisan Jr. (5 years in jail), and others. Still to be tried are Jeffrey Skilling (former CEO) and Kenneth Lay (former CEO and Chairman of the Board). The Board of Directors of Enron has committed to paying $25 million in restitution funds. Arthur Andersen partner, David Duncan, who was accused of destroying evidentiary documents has pleaded guilty. His CPA firm, Arthur Andersen & Company was found guilty of obstruction of justice and ordered to pay a substantial fine, was precluded from providing audit services to any publicly owned corporations, and was forced to disband as a major public accounting firm. Its conviction was overturned on appeal in 2005, but that will not enable the firm to be reconstituted. WorldCom WorldCom is another example of success leading to greed leading to fraud leading to massive failure. WorldCom began as a small regional telecommunications company in......

...12/11/2013
Digital Logic Design CSE-241
Unit 21
4-bit Asynchronous Counter:
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MODULUS OF A COUNTER:
 The modulus of a counter is the number of unique states that
the counter will sequence through. The maximum possible number of states (maximum modulus) of a counter is 2n. Where n is the number of flip-flops in the counter.
TRUNCATED SEQUENCES:
 Counters can also be designed that have a number of states in
their sequence that is less than the maximum of 2n.the resulting sequence is called a truncated sequence.
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ASYNCHRONOUS DECADE COUNTER:
 To obtain a truncated sequence, it is necessary to force the
counter to recycle before going through all of its possible states. For example, the BCD decade counter must recycle back to the 0000 state after the 1001 state. One way to make the counter recycle after the count of nine (1001) is to decode count ten (1010) with a NAND gate and connect the output the clear (CLR) input.
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ASYNCHRONOUS DECADE COUNTER:
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PARTIAL DECODING:
 Notice in the figure that only Q1 and Q3 are connected to
the NAND gate inputs. This arrangement is an example of partial decoding; in which the two unique states (Q1 = 1 and Q3 =1 ) are sufficient to decode the count of ten because none of the other states (zero through nine)......

...If she positions Clocky as a Need product, she may raise consumer expectations, and would have to shift some of her limited resources to making sure Clocky was able to consistently deliver on its promise as a more effective alarm clock. By first deciding how to position the product in the market, Nanda can then decide on the most appropriate way to distribute, manufacture and market Clocky. It is also important to note that targeting either of the Fun or Need segment would not preclude her from selling to the other segment as well.
Distribution:
Choosing a distribution partner was important for Nanda because it would determine how the product would be delivered to the market and could have the greatest effect on relieving her financial pressure. A mid- to large-size distributor (such as Target or Wal-Mart) could help with her financial situation (by providing an LC) but there is potential for losing control of her product in terms of how it is marketed or developed in the future. TV sales are an option but presented the risk of marginalizing the product. Upscale retailers (Sharper Image, Brookstone) or smaller boutiques are an option as well, but they could drive up the price of the product and limit Nanda’s options on product positioning and design. They would also not help with her financial pressures.
An alternative to a traditional distribution network was to partner with one of the MIT Media Lab sponsors who could help her commericialize the product, while......

...create and enjoy high quality analogue wristwatch designs, both user generated and branded by commercial companies. The document outlines the need and the opportunity in the market, Cliclock’s unique solution, and benefits for users and watch manufacturers. The document also details financial forecasts of the proposed operation for the next 5 years based on assumptions, market data, and company’s opinions.
The Business Plan is built to reflect in a reasonable and rational way, a plan that is accurate for a certain time, based on known information, assumptions and forecasts of the company. As all business plans, its results are based on information that was available at the time of preparation, by its accuracy, and its reliability and based on the assumptions made. Changes in the economical factors as well as additional information or various economic or business events, can change the assumptions and as a result also the conclusions.
The business plan itself is not a guarantee for its execution. Therefore it is possible that the business plan will not be executed as planed.
Index
1. Prologue 4
2. The rise of the Widgets 5
3. The Opportunity 7
4. Cliclock Widget ecosystem 9
4.1 Clickclock.com 9
4.2 "Do it Yourself" 11
4.3 Design Competition 12
4.4 Downloading......

...Potato Powered Clock
Theory: Potato as a Battery
Hypothesis: Potatoes have starch in them which is a natural sugar that can be broken down naturally for a release of energy and generate enough power to run a digital clock.
Problem Statement: Can ordinary potatoes power a digital clock for more than 24 hours?
Variables:
* Independent Variable – Potato
* Dependent Variables – Clock, connection wires, copper and zinc plates
Materials Needed:
* Digital Clock with 2 Wires
* 6.25” Connecting Wire
* Transparent Tape
* 2 4” Copper Strips
* 2 4” Zinc Strips
* 2 Potatoes (Oranges worked too)
Background: How it works
* A potato can be used as a battery by using strips of zinc and copper in the acidic juice of the potato to provide power to a digital clock.
* With the zinc strip, the natural acid in the potato dissolves the zinc freeing electrons.
* The copper wire uses the electrons that the zinc wire frees.
* To obtain enough electrical current to power the clock, two potatoes must be used and they must be connected in a head-to-tail series.
Steps:
1. Put potatoes into containers to stabilize them.
2. Insert Zinc strip from the clock into the left potato.
3. Insert Copper end of the loose strip into the same potato, 2 cm apart and parallel to the Zinc strip.
4. Insert Zinc end of the loose strip into the right potato.
5. Insert Copper strip from the clock into the same potato, 2 cm apart and......

...time scales around the world are coordinated through an international agency called BIPM. USNO, NIST are all coordinated to BIPM through a mechanism called two-way time transfer.
BIPM defines International Atomic Time (TAI) from ensembling atomic clocks that are disseminated around the globe - the duration of the TAI second is kept as close as possible to the SI second. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is an atomic time scale derived from TAI to provide a reference scale in step with the irregular rotation of the earth. As a result of this process, the mean solar day, which is nominally 86400 seconds long, is actually getting longer when measured in SI seconds with stable atomic clocks.
It is the role of IERS (International Earth Rotation Service) to observe the self-rotation of the earth and to make sure that when the earth completes its rotation - 24 hours have elapsed…. It does the same with respect to the earth’s rotation around the sun. As the earth slows down due to tidal effects, leap seconds have been used to adjust the time periodically since the original 1/1/1970 00:00:00 epoch.
TAI is 35 seconds ahead of UTC today (dynamic value). TAI is always ahead of the GPS timescale by 19 seconds (fixed value).
In conclusion, atomic clocks are an integral element of any time scale. GPS/GNSS systems are not the only means to distribute time. Many forms of two-way time transfer techniques are being deployed today over a dedicated network, over satellites (the Ku band is......

...Abstract
Planning to build a grandfather clock equipped me with the skills needed to make new friends. The commitment to finish what was started instilled in me the confidence to open my life up to another human on a deeper level. Utilizing the tools I had been equipped with, I was able to follow through with the plans I had laid out and made one of my dreams come true.
Concrete Experience
While attending a Bible study with some friends, I was captivated by the host’s grandfather clock ticking away the seconds in the living room. The size and beautifully articulated detail that it expressed kept my mind pondering what it would be like to create a time keeper. My friend Doug noticed my stares and inquired if I had interest in woodworking. I told him I would love to build one of those clocks! He suggested I stop by his house the following week for lunch and he would show me around his shop.
The following week, after enjoying tomato soup and grilled cheese sandwiches, Doug and I walked out to his back yard and to my surprise he had a full woodworking shop. He showed me around the various projects he was working on and, whether boasting ornate detail or simple design, they were all magnificent projects to me. When we got to the back he told me he wanted to show me something. Doug leaned over pulling at a cloth from a large pile, he revealed planks of a cherry tree that had been milled and drying for seven......

...Clocky – The Runaway Alarm Clock |
Case Analysis Group 3 |
|
Problem Statement
Even though Clocky was the center of the media hype, Gauri Nanda is faced with many pressing challenges and issues for its commercial debut in the marketplace:
Analysis:
1. Industry Analysis
The US alarm clock market in 2005 was quite fragmented with a significant number of players in the regular alarm clock as well as the niche alarm clocks segment. The Americans spent over $7 billion on clocks and watches. On an overall basis, the consumer spending on clocks, lamps and furnishing as a category showed a increasing growth trend. The imported watches segment was also growing at a CAGR of 4% since 2002. The alarm clock industry can be further analysed using the Porter’s model and generic strategies as shown below.
Figure 1: Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
Economies of Scale:
In order to analyze the Economies of Scale in manufacturing of Clocky Alarm clock, we have divided the manufacturing unit of Clocky alarm into different segments. The major manufacturing units comprises of
1. Integrated Circuit Manufacturing Unit:
The Integrated circuit industry shows a high economy of scale. Since this is one of the most important and costlier part in the alarm clock, the decision in finding out the overall economy of scale is highly influence by this manufacturing unit.
2. Outer plastic body manufacturing Unit:
The plastic molding and manufacturing industry also shows significant......