In all cases, the essence of the concept is that the standing neutral is selected in advance of any dispute, is given information sufficient to be familiar with the parties as problems arise, and remains readily available to deal with disputes quickly and efficiently.

The functions to be performed by the standing neutral can span the range of dispute resolution processes. Some parties may simply want a standby facilitator, who can jump in to assist the parties when their direct negotiations have stalled. A step up from this would be a formal mediation process. Other parties may want the neutral to hear from both sides and offer a non-binding recommendation for the resolution of their disputes. The parties may want the neutral to make a binding decision, effectively acting as an arbitrator. The standing neutral also may serve as a hearing officer pursuant to the fair hearing procedures under the medical staff bylaws. All of these may be used in different circumstances, individually or in combination, as suited to the parties' situation.

As for the kinds of disputes that will fall within the standing neutral's purview, the parties may consider disputes arising from some or all of the following:

- proposed changes to medical staff bylaws, policies and rules

- "turf battles" between members of the medical staff and the executive committee and/or the board of trustees