The researchers found that PIE and sodium phosphate were superior to PEG, with both receiving a score of four on a five-point scale (blind assessment), versus a three for PEG (P < 0.01). PEG was associated with more inadequate preps, compared to PIE (18 versus 5 percent; P < 0.01). Vomiting was reported in 37 percent of patients with sodium phosphate, 5 percent with PEG, and 2 percent with PIE (P < 0.01).

"PIE would be the preferred preparation for those at high risk for unsatisfactory preparations or with unsatisfactory traditional preparations," the authors write.

PIE Medical International donated the PIE machine and supplies for this study.