These are five layer of needs for all humans: Physiological, safety, social, esteem and self actualization

Herzberg’s Theory of Motivation:

These are two catalysts for the workers:

► Hygiene Agents

► Motivating Agents

Hygiene agents:

These do nothing to motivate workers, but their absence demotivates them. Hygiene agents are the expectations all workers have: Job security, paycheck, clean and safe working conditions, a sense of belonging, civil working relationship, and other basic attributes associated with employment.

Motivating agents:

These are the elements that motivate people to excel. They include responsibility , appreciation of work, recognition , the opportunity to excel , education and other opportunities associated with work other than just financial rewards

McGregory’s Theory of X and Y:

This theory states “X” people are lazy, don’t want to work, and need to be micromanaged. “Y” people are self-led, motivated, and can accomplish tasks.

Ouchi’s Theory Z:

This theory believes the workers are motivated by a sense of commitment, opportunity, and advancement. Worker will work if they are challenged and motivated.

Expectancy Theory:

People will behave based on what they expect as result of their behavior .In other words, people will work in relation to the expected reward of the work.