GM minivan shows dramatic improvement

Two new minivans and three small pickup trucks with extended cabs earned the top rating of good in frontal offset crash tests conducted recently by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. The Honda Odyssey and Chevrolet Uplander minivans, both new designs for the 2005 model year, are rated good. The Odyssey earned the added Autobody News - Administration [Joomla] designation of "best pick" for frontal crash protection.

Good frontal rating: 2005 Chevrolet Uplander

Among small pickups the Toyota Tacoma, Nissan Frontier, and Chevrolet Colorado earned good ratings. The Tacoma also is a "best pick" in the frontal test. The Dodge Dakota and Ford Ranger pickups are rated acceptable.

The ratings reflect performance in a 40 mph frontal offset crash test into a deformable barrier. Based on the results, the Institute evaluates the crashworthiness of passenger vehicles, assigning each vehicle a rating from good overall to poor. The better performers among the vehicles rated good earn the added designation of "best pick." If a vehicle earns a good rating, it means that in a real-world crash of similar severity a belted driver most likely would be able to walk away with only minor injuries.

Uplander is dramatic improvement compared with earlier minivans from General Motors: The Uplander (also sold as the Pontiac Montana SV6, Saturn Relay, and Buick Terraza) replaces a minivan design that was sold until this year as the Chevrolet Venture and Pontiac Trans Sport/ Montana and until 2004 as the Oldsmobile Silhouette. The earlier minivan design was one of the worst performing vehicles in the Institute's frontal crash test.

"When the Institute tested the 1997 Pontiac Trans Sport, there was massive collapse of the occupant compartment," says Institute chief operating officer Adrian Lund. "Major intrusion into the driver's survival space pushed the steering wheel toward the dummy and violently snapped the dummy's head backward. Deformation of the area near the driver's feet was so great that the dummy's metal foot broke off."

If the occupant compartment collapses in a crash, the safety belts and airbag cannot do a good job of protecting the driver. The risk of serious injury is high.

"In contrast, the Uplander performed very well in this test," Lund says. "The occupant compartment stayed intact, so the driver's survival space was well maintained. The dummy's movement was controlled reasonably well. There were high head accelerations when its head hit the steering wheel through the airbag and then struck the pillar between the doors. This means the Uplander's performance wasn't good enough to earn a 'best pick.' Still it's a huge improvement compared with GM's previous minivan design."

Five current minivan designs now earn good ratings in the Institute's frontal offset test: Odyssey, Uplander, Toyota Sienna, Ford Freestar/Mercury Monterey (twins), and the Nissan Quest.

Later this year the Institute will conduct side impact crash tests of minivans.

Small pickups are getting better

The newly tested small pickups all have extended cabs, which have become the norm for this class. None of the previous small pickups with regular cabs earned a good rating in the Institute's frontal offset test, but now three small pickup designs earned good ratings based on this test.

"Every small pickup that recently has been redesigned performed better than its predecessor model," Lund points out.

The Tacoma went from acceptable to good and earned the "best pick" designation. The Frontier improved from marginal to good. So did the Chevrolet Colorado compared with its predecessor S-10. The Dodge Dakota improved from poor to acceptable.

"The manufacturers are paying attention to these tests and making improvements in how small pickups protect people in serious frontal crashes," Lund says.