vesicle

Definitions

nVesicle(Bot) A bladderlike vessel; a membranous cavity; a cyst; a cell.

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Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia

nvesicleIn petrography, a cavity in lava formed by the expansion of escaping gasbubbles, chiefly of steam.

nvesicleAny small bladder-like structure, cavity, cell, or the like, in a body; a membranous or vesicular vessel or cavity; a little sac or cyst. Also vesicule. In anatomy and zoology, a small bladder or sac: a generic term of wide application to various hollow structures, otherwise of very different character and requiring specification by a qualifying word. Many such formations are embryonic and so transitory, and have other distinctive names when matured

nvesicleA minute hollow sphere or bubble of water or other liquid.

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Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary

Vesiclea small bladder or blister: a small cavity in an animal body; (bot.) a bladder-like cell

In science:

The compact axially symmetric vesicle states described in [5, 6] result when the center of inversion lies within the catenoid.

Force dipoles and local defects on flat fluid membranes

The problem was reconsidered more recently, in particular because of the experiments of the Sackmann group [4, 70, 71], which exhibited shape transitions of single vesicles induced by changes in temperature.

Amphiphilic Membranes

This prompted the research on the identiﬁcation of the phase diagram of vesicle shapes (for recent reviews, see, e.g., , and the Proceedings contained in ).

Amphiphilic Membranes

As soon as the lateral size of the membrane becomes larger than κ/τ , i.e., 1–10 nm, it becomes energetically favorable for the membrane to get rid of its open edge and form a closed vesicle. A detailed study of this transition, analytic at zero temperature, and via simulations at T > 0, is contained in ref. .

Amphiphilic Membranes

On a time scale of several hours the ions enclosed in the vesicle at its formation remain there.

Amphiphilic Membranes

We can use this scale invariance to draw the phase diagram of vesicle shape as a function of dimensionless variables.

Amphiphilic Membranes

In order to explain the transitions observed in a given vesicles, one has to assume that the inner and outer layer expand at different rates when the temperature is raised, introducing a phenomenological parameter which depends on the vesicle one is looking at.

Amphiphilic Membranes

Other forms can be obtained by the solution of the differential equations, as it had been done for vesicles of genus 0.

Amphiphilic Membranes

Vesicles of DMPC in water: the reconstructed tra jectories in (v , m) space correspond to the dotted lines in the previous ﬁgure.

Amphiphilic Membranes

In the same ﬁgure, we present electrophysiological experiments by Frolov and co-workers [ 388, 390] that show the conductance between two fusing vesicles and the conductance between the individual vesicles and the solution.

Biological and synthetic membranes: What can be learned from a coarse-grained description?

Shown is a cross-section along the vesicle-vesicle axis.

Biological and synthetic membranes: What can be learned from a coarse-grained description?

Even more details of the lipid architecture are incorporated in the systematically coarsegrained representation of Marrink and Mark [ 14] who studied fusion of two very small vesicles [ 414].

Biological and synthetic membranes: What can be learned from a coarse-grained description?

Note the differences in stalk structure (bent in pathway II) and in the composition of the HD (mixed in pathway I, almost entirely from a single vesicle in pathway II).

Biological and synthetic membranes: What can be learned from a coarse-grained description?