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"The study of flow properties of many substances is of prime importance in varied industries. The ceramic industry is mainly concerned with these measurements on a relatively stiff ceramic body, i.e., one which contains only enough water to retain its shape after the deforming force is relieved.

Various types of instruments have been devised to measure flow properties in the so-called "true plastic range." Since the primary measurements were made on instruments of the transpiration type to devise the laws of viscous and plastic flow, it was felt that an instrument employing the flow of the plastic material through an orifice under pressure should be employed.

It would be of interest to correlate some of the physical properties of the materials used to the flow data obtained. This would serve as a measure of control and would also be of academic interest"--Purpose of study, page 9.