A wormhole is a hypothetical topological feature that would fundamentally be a shortcut connecting two separate points in spacetime. A wormhole, in theory, might be able to connect extremely far distances such as a billion light years or more, short distances such as a few feet, different universes, and different points in time. A wormhole is much like a tunnel with two ends, each at separate points in spacetime.

Delivered 175.000.000 resources

2. Black hole in our galaxy

A black hole is a geometrically defined region of spacetime exhibiting such strong gravitational effects that nothing - including particles and electromagnetic radiation such as light - can escape from inside it. There is a massive black hole in the center of out galaxy.

Delivered 525.000.000 resources

3. Supercluster

Superclusters are large groups of smaller galaxy clusters or galaxy groups and are among the largest known structures of the cosmos. The Milky Way is in the Local Group of galaxies, which in turn is in the Laniakea Supercluster. This supercluster spans over 500 million light years, while the Local Group spans over 10 million light years. The number of superclusters in the observable universe is estimated to 10 million.

Delivered 1.575.000.000 resources

4. Dark energy

In physical cosmology and astronomy, dark energy is an unknown form of energy which is hypothesized to permeate all of space, tending to accelerate the expansion of the universe.

Delivered 4.725.000.000 resources

5. Whole Universe

The Universe is all of time and space and its contents. The Universe includes planets, stars, galaxies, the contents of intergalactic space, the smallest subatomic particles, and all matter and energy.

Delivered 5.080.000.000 resources

6. Multiverse

The multiverse (or meta-universe) is the hypothetical set of infinite or finite possible universes (including the Universe we consistently experience) that together comprise everything that exists: the entirety of space, time, matter, and energy as well as the physical laws and constants that describe them. The various universes within the multiverse are also called parallel universes or alternate universes.

Delivered 435.456.000 resources

7. Exceeding the speed of light

The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted c, is a universal physical constant important in many areas of physics. Its precise value is 299792458 metres per second. According to special relativity, c is the maximum speed at which all matter and information in the universe can travel.

Delivered 522.547.200 resources

8. Extraterrestrial intelligence

The question of extraterrestrial intelligence and the existential question - Are we alone in the universe? - is one of the oldest and most popular in science. The basic assumption behind the existence of extraterrestrial intelligence is inferred from the existence of human intelligence and the size of the known universe.

There are billions of other civilisations in the Universe. Many of them are thousand years behind our level. Why don't help them to evolve faster and easier.

Delivered 902.961.562 resources

11. Time traveling

Time travel is the concept of movement (often by a human) between different points in time in a manner analogous to moving between different points in space, typically using a hypothetical device known as a time machine.

Delivered 1.083.553.874 resources

12. God

In monotheism and henotheism, God is conceived of as the Supreme Being and principal object of faith. Countless arguments have been proposed in attempt to prove the existence of God.

Delivered 1.300.264.649 resources

13. Meaning of life

The meaning of life, or the answer to the question - What is the meaning of life?, pertains to the significance of living or existence in general. Many other questions also seek the meaning of life, including - What should I do?, Why are we here?, What is life all about?, and What is the purpose of existence? or even Does life exist at all?

Delivered 1.560.317.578 resources

14. Immortality

Certain scientists, futurists, and philosophers have theorized about the immortality of the human body, and advocate that human immortality is achievable in the first few decades of the 21st century, whereas other advocates believe that life extension is a more achievable goal in the short term, with immortality awaiting further research breakthroughs into an indefinite future.

Delivered 1.872.381.094 resources

15. Big Freeze

The Big Freeze is a scenario under which continued expansion results in a universe that asymptotically approaches absolute zero temperature.After finishing this discovery you get TASK INFORMATION HELPER.

Delivered 2.246.857.313 resources

16. Big Crunch

In physical cosmology, the Big Crunch is one possible scenario for the ultimate fate of the universe, in which the metric expansion of space eventually reverses and the universe recollapses, ultimately ending as a black hole singularity or causing a reformation of the universe starting with another big bang.

Delivered 2.696.228.775 resources

17. Gravitational wave

Gravitational waves are ripples in the curvature of spacetime that propagate as waves, generated in certain gravitational interactions and travelling outward from their source.

Delivered 3.235.474.531 resources

18. Holographic principle

The holographic principle is a property of string theories and a supposed property of quantum gravity that states that the description of a volume of space can be thought of as encoded on a boundary to the region-preferably a light-like boundary like a gravitational horizon.

Delivered 3.882.569.437 resources

19. Telepathy

Telepathy is the purported transmission of information from one person to another without using any of our known sensory channels or physical interaction.

Delivered 4.659.083.324 resources

20. String theory

In physics, string theory is a theoretical framework in which the point-like particles of particle physics are replaced by one-dimensional objects called strings. It describes how these strings propagate through space and interact with each other.

Delivered 5.590.899.989 resources

21. The death of a star

Several billion years after its life starts, a star will die.

Delivered 6.709.079.987 resources

22. Dyson sphere

A Dyson sphere is a hypothetical megastructure that completely encompasses a star and captures most or all of its power output.

Delivered 8.050.895.984 resources

23. Orbital ring

An orbital ring is a concept for a space elevator that consists of an artificial ring placed around the Earth that rotates at an angular rate that is faster than the rotation of the Earth, but that has fixed tethers hanging down to the ground. The structure is intended to be used for very high speed transportation and space launch.

Delivered 11.200.000.000 resources

24. Space elevator

A space elevator is a proposed type of space transportation system. The main component would be a cable anchored to the surface and extending into space.

Delivered 11.593.290.217 resources

25. Bernal sphere

A Bernal sphere is a type of space habitat intended as a long-term home for permanent residents.

Delivered 13.911.948.261 resources

26. Halo - optical phenomenon

A halo is an optical phenomenon produced by light interacting with ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere, resulting in a wide variety of colored or white rings, arcs and spots in the sky.

Delivered 16.694.337.913 resources

27. Big bang

The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution.

Delivered 20.033.205.495 resources

28. Dark matter

Dark matter is a hypothetical substance that is believed by most astronomers to account for around five-sixths of the matter in the universe.

Delivered 24.039.846.594 resources

29. Quadruple star system

Capella, a pair of giant stars orbited by a pair of red dwarfs, around 42 light years away from the Solar System. It has an apparent magnitude of around -0.47, making Capella one of the brightest stars in the night sky.

Delivered 28.847.815.913 resources

30. Pulsar

A pulsar is a highly magnetized, rotating neutron star that emits a beam of electromagnetic radiation.After finishing this discovery you get GALAXY AUTOSTART option.

Delivered 34.617.379.096 resources

31. Impact event

An impact event is a collision between celestial objects causing measurable effects. Impact events have physical consequences and have been found to regularly occur in planetary systems, though the most frequent involve asteroids, comets or meteoroids and have minimal impact.

Delivered 41.540.854.915 resources

32. Giant impact hypothesis

The giant-impact hypothesis, sometimes called the Big Splash, or the Theia Impact suggests that Earth's Moon formed out of the debris left over from an indirect collision between Earth and an astronomical body the size of Mars, approximately 4.5 billion years ago, in the Hadean eon; about 20 to 100 million years after the solar system coalesced.

Delivered 49.849.025.898 resources

33. Neutrino

A neutrino is a lepton, an elementary particle with half-integer spin, that interacts only via the weak subatomic force and gravity. The mass of the neutrino is tiny compared to other subatomic particles.

Delivered 59.818.831.078 resources

34. Quasars

Quasars are the most energetic and distant members of a class of objects called active galactic nuclei. Quasars are extremely luminous and were first identified as being high redshift sources of electromagnetic energy, including radio waves and visible light, that appeared to be similar to stars, rather than extended sources similar to galaxies.

Delivered 71.782.597.293 resources

35. Galaxy collision

Merging galaxies in the distant Universe through a gravitational magnifying glass. Colliding galaxies are common in galaxy evolution. Due to the extremely tenuous distribution of matter in galaxies, these are not collisions in the normal sense of the word, but rather gravitational interaction.

Delivered 86.139.116.752 resources

36. Cosmic microwave background

The cosmic microwave background is the thermal radiation left over from the time of recombination in Big Bang cosmology. In older literature, the CMB is also variously known as cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) or relic radiation.

Delivered 103.366.940.102 resources

37. Event horizon

In general relativity, an event horizon is a boundary in spacetime beyond which events cannot affect an outside observer. In layman's terms, it is defined as "the point of no return", i.e., the point at which the gravitational pull becomes so great as to make escape impossible.

Delivered 124.040.328.123 resources

38. Hypernova

A hypernova is a type of star explosion with an energy substantially higher than that of standard supernovae. An alternative term for most hypernova is "superluminous supernova".

Delivered 148.848.393.747 resources

39. Gamma-ray burst

Gamma-ray bursts are flashes of gamma rays associated with extremely energetic explosions that have been observed in distant galaxies. They are the brightest electromagnetic events known to occur in the universe.

Delivered 178.618.072.496 resources

40. Lunar eclipse

A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes directly behind the Earth into its shadow. This can occur only when the sun, Earth and moon are aligned exactly, or very closely so, with the Earth in the middle.

Delivered 214.341.686.995 resources

41. Solar eclipse

As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse is a type of eclipse that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun. This can happen only at new moon, when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth in an alignment referred to as syzygy.

Delivered 257.210.024.395 resources

42. Human hibernation

There are many research projects currently investigating how to achieve "induced hibernation" in humans. This ability to hibernate humans would be useful for a number of reasons, such as saving the lives of seriously ill or injured people by temporarily putting them in a state of hibernation until treatment can be given.

Delivered 297.000.000.000 resources

43. UY Scuti

UY Scuti is a bright red supergiant and pulsating variable star in the constellation Scutum. It is a leading candidate for being the largest known star by radius and is also one of the most luminous of its kind. It has an estimated average median radius of 1,708 solar radii, or a diameter of 2.4 billion km.

Delivered 317.470.658.681 resources

44. IC 1101

IC 1101 is a supergiant elliptical galaxy at the center of the Abell 2029 galaxy cluster, approximately 320 megaparsecs (1.04 billion light-years) from Earth. IC 1101 is among the largest known galaxies.

Delivered 380.964.790.418 resources

45. Huge-LQG

The Huge Large Quasar Group is a possible structure or pseudo-structure of 73 quasars, referred to as a large quasar group, that measures about 4 billion light-years across. At its discovery, it was identified as the largest and the most massive known structure in the observable universe.After finishing this discovery you get AUTOSTART ALL option.

Delivered 457.157.748.501 resources

46. Perpetual motion

Perpetual motion is motion of bodies that continues indefinitely. This is impossible because of friction and other energy-dissipating processes. A perpetual motion machine is a hypothetical machine that can do work indefinitely without an energy source.

Delivered 548.589.298.201 resources

47. Quantum mechanics

Quantum mechanics, including quantum field theory, is a fundamental branch of physics concerned with processes involving, for example, atoms and photons. In such processes, said to be quantized, the action has been observed to be only in integer multiples of the Planck constant.

Delivered 658.307.157.842 resources

48. DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecule that carries most of the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.

Delivered 789.968.589.410 resources

49. Moebius strip

The Moebius strip is a surface with only one side and only one boundary. The Moebius strip has the mathematical property of being non-orientable. It can be realized as a ruled surface.

Delivered 947.962.307.292 resources

50. Psychokinesis

Psychokinesis, or telekinesis, is an alleged psychic ability allowing a person to influence a physical system without physical interaction.

Delivered 1.137.554.768.750 resources

51. Protoplanetary disk

A protoplanetary disk is a rotating circumstellar disk of dense gas and dust surrounding a young newly formed star. The protoplanetary disk may also be considered an accretion disk for the star itself, because gasses or other material may be falling from the inner edge of the disk onto the surface of the star.

Delivered 1.365.065.722.500 resources

52. Mira

Mira is a red giant star estimated 200-400 light years away in the constellation Cetus. Ultra-violet studies of Mira have revealed that it sheds a trail of material from the outer envelope, leaving a tail 13 light-years in length, formed over tens of thousands of years. It is thought that a hot bow-wave of compressed plasma/gas is the cause of the tail.

Delivered 1.638.078.867.000 resources

53. Cosmic Latte

Cosmic Latte is a name assigned to the average color of the universe, given by a team of astronomers from Johns Hopkins University. In 2001, Karl Glazebrook and Ivan Baldry determined that the color of the universe was a greenish white, but they soon corrected their analysis in a 2002 paper, in which they reported that their survey of the color of all light in the universe added up to a slightly beigeish white.

Delivered 1.965.694.640.401 resources

54. WASP-12b

The hottest exoplanet ever discovered (at roughly 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit) orbits so closely to its star that it is literally being consumed by the heat and pull of gravity.

Delivered 2.358.833.568.481 resources

55. TrES-2b

TrES-2b is a planet that absorbs so much light that scientists consider it the darkest planet in the known universe. Despite the fact that it's a Jupiter-class gas giant, it reflects less than 1% of the light that strikes the planet.

Delivered 2.830.600.282.177 resources

56. Betelgeuse

Betelgeuse is a large red supergiant star in the constellation Orion. It is in a late stage of stellar evolution. It will rapidly go through its life cycle before exploding as a type II supernova sometime in the next million years.

Delivered 3.396.720.338.612 resources

57. KIC 8462852

KIC 8462852 is an F-type main-sequence star located in the constellation Cygnus with unusual light fluctuations.

Delivered 4.076.064.406.334 resources

58. Spacetime

In physics, spacetime is any mathematical model that combines space and time into a single interwoven continuum.

Delivered 4.891.277.287.601 resources

59. Fractal

A fractal is a natural phenomenon or a mathematical set that exhibits a repeating pattern that displays at every scale. It is also known as expanding symmetry or evolving symmetry.

Delivered 5.869.532.745.122 resources

60. Pi

The number Pi is a mathematical constant, the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, commonly approximated as 3.14159.

Delivered 7.043.439.294.146 resources

61. Solar flare

A solar flare is a sudden flash of brightness observed near the Sun's surface.

Delivered 8.452.127.152.975 resources

62. Can moons have moons?

Moons can have moons. The region of space around a satellite where a sub-satellite can exist is called the Hill sphere.

Delivered 10.142.552.583.570 resources

63. Schroedinger's cat

Schroedinger's cat is a thought experiment, sometimes described as a paradox, devised by Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger. It illustrates what he saw as the problem of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics applied to everyday objects.

Delivered 12.171.063.100.284 resources

64. Prime numbers

A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself.

Delivered 14.605.275.720.341 resources

65. Euler's Formula

Euler's formula, named after Leonhard Euler, is a mathematical formula in complex analysis that establishes the fundamental relationship between the trigonometric functions and the complex exponential function.

Delivered 17.526.330.864.409 resources

66. Magnetic field of a planet

Some planets have a magnetic field that acts like there is a giant bar magnet in the center of a planet. The magnetic field can be aligned differently than the rotational axis.

Delivered 21.031.597.037.291 resources

67. The Sun

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System and is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth. It is a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process.

Delivered 25.237.916.444.749 resources

68. Mercury

Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the one closest to the Sun, with an orbital period of about 88 Earth days.

Delivered 30.285.499.733.699 resources

69. Venus

Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days. It has the longest rotation period (243 days) of any planet in the Solar System and rotates in the opposite direction to most other planets.

Delivered 36.342.599.680.439 resources

70. Earth

Earth is the third planet from the Sun, the densest planet in the Solar System, the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets, and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.

Delivered 43.611.119.616.526 resources

71. Mars

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System, after Mercury. Named after the Roman god of war, it is often referred to as the Red Planet because the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance.

Delivered 52.333.343.539.831 resources

72. Jupiter

Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System. It is a giant planet with a mass one-thousandth that of the Sun, but two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined. Jupiter is a gas giant, along with Saturn, with the other two giant planets, Uranus and Neptune, being ice giants.

Delivered 62.800.012.247.798 resources

73. Saturn

Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest in the Solar System, after Jupiter. It is a gas giant with an average radius about nine times that of Earth. Although only one-eighth the average density of Earth, with its larger volume Saturn is just over 95 times more massive.

Delivered 75.360.014.697.357 resources

74. Uranus

Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun. It has the third-largest planetary radius and fourth-largest planetary mass in the Solar System. Uranus is similar in composition to Neptune, and both have different bulk chemical composition from that of the larger gas giants Jupiter and Saturn. For this reason, scientists often classify Uranus and Neptune as ice giants to distinguish them from the gas giants.

Delivered 90.432.017.636.828 resources

75. Neptune

Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System. In the Solar System, it is the fourth-largest planet by diameter, the third-most-massive planet, and the densest giant planet. Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth and is slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus, which is 15 times the mass of Earth and slightly larger than Neptune.

Delivered 108.518.421.164.194 resources

76. Pluto

Pluto is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt, a ring of bodies beyond Neptune. It was the first Kuiper belt object to be discovered.

Delivered 130.222.105.397.033 resources

77. The Kuiper belt

The Kuiper belt is a circumstellar disc in the Solar System beyond the planets, extending from the orbit of Neptune to approximately 50 AU from the Sun.

Delivered 156.266.526.476.440 resources

78. Phobos and Deimos

The moons of Mars are Phobos and Deimos. Both moons were discovered in 1877 by Asaph Hall and are named after the characters Phobos (panic/fear) and Deimos (terror/dread) who, in Greek mythology, accompanied their father Ares, god of war, into battle. Ares was known as Mars to the Romans.

Delivered 187.519.831.771.727 resources

79. Io

Io is the innermost of the four Galilean moons of the planet Jupiter. It is the fourth-largest moon, has the highest density of all the moons, and has the least amount of relative water of any known object in the Solar System.

Delivered 225.023.798.126.073 resources

80. Europa

Europa is the sixth-closest moon of Jupiter, and the smallest of its four Galilean satellites, and the sixth-largest moon in the Solar System. Europa was discovered in 1610 by Galileo Galilei and was named after Zeus' lover Europa, mother of King Minos of Crete.

Delivered 270.028.557.751.288 resources

81. Mimas

Mimas is a moon of Saturn which was discovered in 1789 by William Herschel. It is named after Mimas, a son of Gaia in Greek mythology, and is also designated Saturn I. With a diameter of 396 kilometres (246 mi) it is the smallest astronomical body that is known to be rounded in shape because of self-gravitation.

Delivered 324.034.269.301.545 resources

82. Enceladus

Enceladus is the sixth-largest moon of Saturn. It is approximately 500 kilometers (310 mi) in diameter, about a tenth of that of Saturn's largest moon, Titan. Enceladus is mostly covered by fresh, clean ice, reflecting almost all the sunlight that strikes it, making its surface temperature at noon reach only -198 C (-324.4 F).

Delivered 388.841.123.161.854 resources

83. Triton

Triton is the largest natural satellite of the planet Neptune. It was discovered on October 10, 1846, by English astronomer William Lassell. It is the only large moon in the Solar System with a retrograde orbit, an orbit in the opposite direction to its planet's rotation.

Delivered 466.609.347.794.225 resources

84. Iapetus

Iapetus is the third-largest natural satellite of Saturn, eleventh-largest in the Solar System, and the largest body in the Solar System known not to be in hydrostatic equilibrium. Iapetus is best known for its dramatic two-tone coloration.

Delivered 559.931.217.353.070 resources

85. Titan

Titan is the largest moon of Saturn. It is the only moon known to have a dense atmosphere, and the only object in space other than Earth where clear evidence of stable bodies of surface liquid has been found.

Delivered 771.917.516.379.244 resources

86. First Man in Space

Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin was a Russian Soviet pilot and cosmonaut. He was the first human to journey into outer space, when his Vostok spacecraft completed an orbit of the Earth on 12 April 1961.

Delivered 806.300.952.988.421 resources

87. First Man on the Moon

Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two humans, who were Americans, on the Moon. Mission commander Neil Armstrong and pilot Buzz Aldrin landed the lunar module Eagle on July 20, 1969.

Delivered 967.561.143.586.105 resources

88. Andromeda Galaxy

The Andromeda Galaxy, also known as Messier 31, M31, or NGC 224, is a spiral galaxy approximately 780 kiloparsecs (2.5 million light-years) from Earth. It is the nearest major galaxy to the Milky Way and was often referred to as the Great Andromeda Nebula in older texts.

Delivered 1.161.073.372.303.325 resources

89. Milky Way

The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System. From Earth, the Milky Way appears as a band because its disk-shaped structure is viewed from within. It is a barred spiral galaxy with a diameter between 100,000 light-years and 180,000 light-years. The Milky Way is estimated to contain 100-400 billion stars.

Delivered 1.393.288.046.763.991 resources

90. Sombrero Galaxy

Also known as Messier Object 104, M104 or NGC 4594 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo located 31 million light-years from Earth. The galaxy has a diameter of approximately 50,000 light-years, 30% the size of the Milky Way.

Delivered 1.671.945.656.116.788 resources

91. Voyager 1

Voyager 1 is a space probe launched by NASA on September 5, 1977. Part of the Voyager program to study the outer Solar System, Voyager 1 launched 16 days after its twin, Voyager 2. Having operated for 39 years, 7 months and 1 day, the spacecraft still communicates with the Deep Space Network to receive routine commands and return data.

Delivered 2.006.334.787.340.146 resources

92. Cassini-Huygens

Cassini-Huygens is an unmanned spacecraft sent to the planet Saturn. It is a Flagship-class NASA-ESA-ASI robotic spacecraft. Cassini is the fourth space probe to visit Saturn and the first to enter orbit, and its mission is ongoing as of April 2017. It has studied the planet and its many natural satellites since arriving there in 2004.

Delivered 2.407.601.744.808.175 resources

93. New Horizons

New Horizons is an interplanetary space probe that was launched as a part of NASA's New Frontiers program. Engineered by the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) and the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), with a team led by S. Alan Stern, the spacecraft was launched in 2006 with the primary mission to perform a flyby study of the Pluto system in 2015, and a secondary mission to fly by and study one or more other Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) in the decade to follow.

Delivered 2.889.122.093.769.810 resources

94. Juno

Juno is a NASA space probe orbiting the planet Jupiter. It was built by Lockheed Martin and is operated by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The spacecraft was launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station on August 5, 2011 (UTC), as part of the New Frontiers program, and entered a polar orbit of Jupiter on July 5, 2016 (UTC), to begin a scientific investigation of the planet. After completing its mission, Juno will be intentionally deorbited into Jupiter's atmosphere.

Delivered 3.466.946.512.523.772 resources

95. Deep Space 1

Deep Space 1 (DS1) was a NASA technology demonstration spacecraft which flew by an asteroid and a comet. It was part of the New Millennium Program, dedicated to testing advanced technologies.

Delivered 4.160.335.815.028.526 resources

96. Sojourner

Sojourner was the Mars Pathfinder robotic Mars rover that landed on July 4, 1997 in the Ares Vallis region, and explored Mars for around three months. It has front and rear cameras and hardware to conduct several scientific experiments. Designed for a mission lasting 7 sols, with possible extension to 30 sols, it was in fact active for 83 sols. The base station had its last communication session with Earth at 3:23 a.m. Pacific Daylight Time on September 27, 1997. The rover needed the base station to communicate with Earth, despite still functioning at the time communications ended.

Delivered 4.992.402.978.034.232 resources

97. Spirit

Spirit, also known as MER-A or MER-2, is a robotic rover on Mars, active from 2004 to 2010. It was one of two rovers of NASA's ongoing Mars Exploration Rover Mission. It landed successfully on Mars at 04:35 Ground UTC on January 4, 2004, three weeks before its twin, Opportunity (MER-B), landed on the other side of the planet. Its name was chosen through a NASA-sponsored student essay competition. The rover became stuck in late 2009, and its last communication with Earth was sent on March 22, 2010.

Delivered 5.990.883.573.641.077 resources

98. Opportunity

Opportunity, also known as MER-B or MER-1, is a robotic rover active on Mars since 2004. Launched on July 7, 2003 as part of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover program, it landed in Meridiani Planum on January 25, 2004, three weeks after its twin Spirit (MER-A) touched down on the other side of the planet. With a planned 90 sol duration of activity (slightly more than 90 earth days), Spirit functioned until getting stuck in 2009 and ceased communications in 2010, while Opportunity remains active as of April 7, 2017, having already exceeded its operating plan by 12 years, 346 days (in Earth time). Opportunity has continued to move, gather scientific observations, and report back to Earth for over 50 times its designed lifespan. As of January 17, 2017, the rover had traveled 43.79 kilometres (27.21 miles). This date was mission time of Sol (Mars days) 4615.

Delivered 7.189.060.288.369.293 resources

99. Curiosity

Curiosity is a car-sized robotic rover exploring Gale Crater on Mars as part of NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission. Curiosity was launched from Cape Canaveral on November 26, 2011, at 15:02 UTC aboard the MSL spacecraft and landed on Aeolis Palus in Gale Crater on Mars on August 6, 2012, 05:17 UTC. The Bradbury Landing site was less than 2.4 km (1.5 mi) from the center of the rover's touchdown target after a 560 million km (350 million mi) journey. The rover's goals include: investigation of the Martian climate and geology; assessment of whether the selected field site inside Gale Crater has ever offered environmental conditions favorable for microbial life, including investigation of the role of water; and planetary habitability studies in preparation for future human exploration.

Delivered 8.626.872.346.043.150 resources

100. The Drake equation

The Drake equation is a probabilistic argument used to arrive at an estimate of the number of active, communicative extraterrestrial civilizations in the Milky Way galaxy.