Interphase subphases: What is the second subphase and what happens during this time?

Synthesis phase (S phase): The cell being created will need an exact copy of the DNA. This is when that DNA is replicated (synthesized). At the end of this phase there will be twice the number of chromosomes in a cell, 92 compared to the regular 46 (23 pairs).

Interphase subphases: What is the third and last subphase and what happens during this time?

Gap 2 (G2): enzymes and proteins needed for cell division are synthesized and moved to proper sites. Centriole replication is complete

What is the difference between a chromosome and a chromatin?

Chromatids are the replicated chromosomes

What are the two distinct events of the mitotic phase?

Mitosis - division of the nucleus

Cytokinesis - division of the cytoplasm

Mitosis subphases: What is the first and what happens during this phase?

Prophase: The replicated chromosomes (formed by the chromatin condensing and each condensed side now called chromatids) now join at the centromere. The nuclear envelope breaks down leaving the chromosomes free floating in the cell. Finally spindle fibers sprout from centrioles and migrate to opposite sides of the cell. These will eventually pull the chromatids apart.

Mitosis subphases: What is the second and what happens during this phase?

Metaphase: Chromosomes align on the cell equator.

Mitosis subphases: What is the third and what happens during this phase?