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Causes

Actinomycosis is most often caused by infection specific bacteria. This is normally present in the mouth and, sometimes, in the intestines. The jaw is most commonly involved, with lung and abdominal infections being less common. Very rarely, women may develop abscesses in the reproductive organs or bladder.

Risk Factors

Factors that may increase your risk of actinomycosis include:

Having a dental disease or recent dental surgery

Liquids or solids that are sucked into lungs

Having bowel surgery

Swallowing fragments of chicken or other bones

Having an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) in place for many years

Diabetes

Having a weakened immune system

Malnutrition

Tissue damage

Chronic granulomatous disease or other disorder that affects the immune system (children)

Symptoms

Actinomycosis may cause:

Hard swellings that are usually painless and located around the mouth, neck, or jaw

Swellings that may produce pus containing tiny, yellowish particles

Drainage of pus through the skin of the chest or abdomen

Fever

Weight loss

Cough that produces sputum or blood

Noticeable swelling or firm mass in the abdomen, especially the lower part

Diagnosis

Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. Tests may include:

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.