George Harrison: Concert for Bangladesh 1971

The year 1971 is the most special year for Bangladesh. It achieved
independence after a very painful war against Pakistan which resulted
in loss of 3 million lives including the best scholars and intellectuals.
For writing this article for this website, I have searched almost every
website that said anything about the Concert for Bangladesh and what I found is that almost all of them have assumed that the readers know about the
background of the concert and the Liberation war of Bangladesh and due to their assumption they have hardly said anything about the background. In this
article I like to focus more on this aspect so that you, the western
readers, can get an idea of the reasons that led George Harrison to fight
for the cause.

When the British left their Indian colony then India was divided into
countries- India and Pakistan. Pakistan had two wings and they were
hundreds of miles away from each other. Bangladesh was known as the East
Pakistan while the modern Pakistan was known as the West Pakistan. That time the Bengalis (of East Pakistan) were the majority forming the 56% of the
entire population. On the other hand there were mainly 3-4 races in West
Pakistan, the Punjabis forming the majority there. Since the history of Pakistan has been always dominated by the army and since it was the people of West Pakistan who had total control of the army they had the real power and
they started all kinds of discriminations from the first day of Pakistan’s
existence as an independent country. In 1952 massive unrest occurred in
East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) over the question of national language. The
West Pakistani leaders wanted to impose Urdu on the Bengalis despite the
fact Bengali was the mother tongue of 56% of the total population of
Pakistan.

On 21 February 1952 many people sacrificed their lives to protect their
language. And now, in order to show respect to their sacrifice, the
United Nations officially observe this day (21 February) as the International
Mother Language Day all over the world. And from 1956 Pakistan was cursed
with military rule for a long time. In 1969 there was massive unrest in
all parts of the country demanding democracy and the dictator, general Auyb
Khan, had to step down. The new head of Army promised to return to democracy
and general election was held towards the end of 1970. In that
election, Awami League (a party based in East Pakistan) got a resounding majority in the national parliament. Unfortunately, the military and West Pakistani political leaders were reluctant to hand over power to Bengali leaders and the army started one of the worst genocides of world history on the night of 25 March. The people of Bangladesh started their liberation war and received warm support from India. 10 million people from Bangladesh took refuge in India.

At that time, India was a close ally of Soviet Union while Pakistan was
the closest friend of USA in South Asia. Thus the US Government remained
silent about the genocide and tried to treat it as a civil war not as a
liberation war. Naturally the other US allies remained passive about this matter too. However, the Bangladesh cause received wide support from the western media, the intellectuals, political leaders and the common people. And George Harrison played a pivotal role in creating public awareness for this
cause through ‘The Concert for Bangladesh’.

In the previous article you have seen that George Harrison was related to the Indian culture a lot. The literature and culture of Bangladesh is strongly influenced by Hinduism, Budhism and Islam although around 85% of the population of Bangladesh is Muslims. And many great Bengalis had their origin in Bangladesh but later migrated to India after the creation of Pakistan.

Pandit Ravi Shankar had close relationship to Bangladesh and he informed George Harrison about the Liberation War of Bangladesh and suggested that they try to do something for the Bangladeshi people. Thus the first concert for world humanity happened.

Ravi Shamkar requested that they should try to raise $25,000 (25 Thousand)
for the UNICEF fund to help the Bengali refuges who took shelter in
India. After hearing the details about the loss of life and the liberation war
of the common people then George Harrion stated that they must try to do
something bigger than that. Thus the first concert for world humanity took
place on 1 August 1971 at Madison Square Garden. Eric Clapton, Ringo
Starr, Billy Preston, Leon Russell, and Bob Dylan- these great superstars
took part in this concert. I have gone through the history of rock
music and I must say that we cant find any concert before ‘Concert for
Bangladesh’ that included so many great talents in one stage.

Ravi Shankar presented the brilliant raga called "Bangla Dhun" with his
excellent skill of sitar and other Indian instruments. Bob Dylan came back
to sing after a long self imposed isolation from music. George Harrison
sang some of his hit songs, but it was the last song, titled ‘Bangladesh’,
that created a somber atmosphere as it was an appeal to help mission of
helpless people in dire distress. Here are the lyrics to the song:

GEORGE HARRISON LYRICS

"Bangla Desh"

My friend came to me, with sadness in his eyes
He told me that he wanted help
Before his country dies

Although I couldn't feel the pain, I knew I had to try
Now I'm asking all of you
To help us save some lives

Bangla Desh, Bangla Desh
Where so many people are dying fast
And it sure looks like a mess
I've never seen such distress
Now won't you lend your hand and understand
Relieve the people of Bangla Desh

Bangla Desh, Bangla Desh
Such a great disaster - I don't understand
But it sure looks like a mess
I've never known such distress
Now please don't turn away, I want to hear you say
Relieve the people of Bangla Desh
Relieve Bangla Desh

Bangla Desh, Bangla Desh
Now it may seem so far from where we all are
It's something we can't neglect
It's something I can't neglect
Now won't you give some bread to get the starving fed
We've got to relieve Bangla Desh
Relieve the people of Bangla Desh
We've got to relieve Bangla Desh
Relieve the people of Bangla Desh

The message of the lyric is simple but it bears a strong appeal for saving
millions of desperate people. A closer look at the language of the lyrics
shows that George Harrison only talked of the plight of the common people.
He did not say a word about the Liberation War or did not try to justify the
cause of the Bengalis. This makes the appeal more touching and takes away any chance of creating any controversy. Harrison’s effort to stage the
first humanitarian concert was not only a unique effort but also a daring one too, because at that time the Washington Government and it allies supported Pakistan because of Cold War rivalry with Soviet Union. The Pakistani military regime used this support of the west to their advantage by carrying out propaganda that some terrorists with the support of India and the Soviet Union were trying to separate East Pakistan (Bangladesh) from Pakistan. Even they used their connections in the west so that the word, ‘Bangladesh’ may not be pronounced officially by anybody. Thus George Harrison took a risk to antagonize the Pakistani military regime and its supporters in the west. But for the cause of Bangladesh, it resulted into creating international attention about the miserable condition of the common people. We should not forget that in 1971 media was not so powerful like now. There was no Internet or no cable TV like now.

So, George Harrison’s concert contributed immensely to make the international
community aware about the liberation war of Bangladesh. After George Harrison died many persons in Bangladesh expressed their condolence. The Prime Minister, Begum Khaleda Zia and the leader of the opposition, Sheikh Hasina, sent their condolence officially. To the people of Bangladesh, George Harrison is a true friend who fought for them in their distress.

The Concert for Bangladesh was the first benefit concert of its kind in that it brought together an extraordinary assemblage of major artists collaborating for a common humanitarian cause-setting the precedent that music could be used to serve a higher purpose. The concert sold out Madison Square Garden and has helped to generate millions for UNICEF and raised awareness for the organization around the world, as well as among other musicians and their fans. It is acknowledged as the inspiration and the forerunner to the major global fundraising events of recent years. To quote the United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan, George and his friends were pioneers. All artists' royalties from the sales of the DVD will go to UNICEF. This 2-disc collection includes the original 99 minute film restored and remixed in 5.1, 72 minutes of extras featuring a 45 minute documentary The Concert for Bangladesh Revisted 2005 with George Harrison and friends, about the background to the two shows with exclusive interviews and contributions from United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan and Sir Bob Geldof. Also included in this collection are previously unseen performances: If Not For You, featuring George and Bob Dylan from rehearsals, Come On In My Kitchen, featuring George, Eric Clapton and Leon Russell at the sound check, and a Bob Dylan performance from the afternoon show of Love Minus zero/No Limit not included in the original film.

George Harrison and Ravi Shankar's gift to the world and one of the first echoes of the sentiment that Rock'n'Roll had a heart and made a difference. The music is great but this concert also needs to be inhaled visually. The frail Eric Clapton with long hair, Bob Dylan and of course, George Harrison, himself among many others. A great concert all the way through rising up a notch every time you think that it can't get better. And there is perhaps no better end than the encore song which it turns out not surprisingly to be Harrison's "Bangladesh" written about the situation. Great, great show.