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Researchers have discovered there is a division of labor among immune cells that fight invading pathogens in the body. The study finds for the first time that fetal immune cells are present in adults and have specialized roles during infection. In fact, the first immune cells made in early life are fast-acting first responders to microbes in adulthood. [Press release from Cornell University discussing online prepublication in Cell]
Press Release | Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Researchers found significant expansion and activation of TFH in the circulation (pTFH) subsets during acute infection with the highest frequencies of activated pTFH detected during the critical phase of illness. Numbers of activated pTFH were higher in patients with secondary compared to primary infections, and in patients with more severe disease. [J Infect Dis]
Abstract

Investigators quantified and assessed the activation of the effector immune cells at the cervicovaginal mucosa of HIV infected women with different disease outcomes: non-progressive HIV disease and chronic HIV-infected and their relationship with cervical viral shedding. [AIDS]
Abstract

Researchers focus on the protozoan parasitic disease, malaria, and examine the effects of type I IFN-signaling during Plasmodium infection of humans and experimental mice. [Immunology]
Abstract | Full Article

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Indiana’s top research universities have been awarded more than $33 million to improve the health of people in the state. The grant is their third five-year Clinical and Translational Science Award from the National Institutes of Health. [Purdue University]
Press Release

The Michelson Medical Research Foundation and the Human Vaccines Project announced the cutting edge researchers under the age of 35 that were selected as the award’s first recipients from a global competition that included over a hundred applications spanning 12 countries. Each of the three recipients will be awarded a $150,000 Prize to fund specific aspects of their research. [Human Vaccines Project (PR Newswire Association LLC)]
Press Release

The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, part of the National Institutes of Health, has launched a clinical trial of an investigational vaccine designed to protect against RSV. The Phase I study will enroll a small group of healthy adult volunteers to examine the safety of an experimental intranasal vaccine and its ability to induce an immune response. [The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases]
Press Release

In-Cell-Art, BioNet-Asia, and the research team led by Dr. Anavaj Sakuntabhai at the Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur Paris France, announced the promising development of Nanotaxi® formulated DNA vaccine to induce strong immune response against dengue virus, after successful preclinical study. [Institut Pasteur]
Press Release

Breaking with a history of reticence, nearly 600 scientists, students, and lab animal workers published a letter in USA Today that calls on U.S. research institutions to “embrace openness” about their animal research. [ScienceInsider]
Editorial

The National Science Foundation (NSF) in Alexandria, Virginia, is in line for a budget increase of 4% to 5% next year. That assessment is based on bills approved recently by the spending committees in both chambers of Congress. Lawmakers have also signaled support for growing the account that NSF uses to build major new scientific facilities. [ScienceInsider]
Editorial

The medical research grant system in the United States, run through the National Institutes of Health, is intended to fund work that spurs innovation and fosters research careers. In many ways, it may be failing. [The New York Times]
Editorial