However, elevated levels of APP (and therefore the products of cleavage) can lead to disease

p. 283 4Over Expression of APP

With abnormal levels of APP, as seen in Downs Syndrome (trisomy 21) and Alzheimers, these cleaved peptides accumulate in the ECF and can impede normal neural growth, repair, cell signaling, and differentiation

These deposits of peptides are called amyloid plaques (shown below)

These plaques lead to the death of neurons especially in the hippocampus which is the major center for learning and memory

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