18. A man bought an article and sold it at a loss of 5% . If hehad bought it for 10% less and sold it for Rs. 15.30more, he would have made a profit of 15% . Find thecost price of the article.Solution:Let the initial CP = X then the initial SP = 0.95 Xnext CP = 0.9 X ( 10% less) Next SP = 0.95X+15.3 (15.3 more than the previous one)

Profit % = [(0.95x+15.3)/0.9x -1]*100

Ans:Rs 180

19. A man sells his car for Rs. 5000 and loses somethings.Had he sold it for Rs. 5600 his gain would have beendouble the former loss . Find his cost price .

Let C be the cost of the manufacturer. If the manufacturer sells at 20% profit then he must sell at 1.2C; like wise if the wholeseller sells at 25% profit, he must sell at 1.25 x 1.2C - Thus the final price to the consumer should be 1.2 X 1.25X1.4 X C

23. A shopkeeper marks his goods in such a way that afterallowing a discount of 10%, he gains 26%. How muchpercent above the cost price is the marked price ?

Solution

Let the CP = Rs 100Profit = Rs 26 therefore SP= Rs 126But this SP must have been reached after providing a discount of Rs 10%Therefore the SP must be equal to 90% of the MP

90% OF MP = 126 OR MP = Rs 140Thus the MP must be 40 % above the CP.

24. A merchant marked his goods at 40% above what hehad paid for them. He was able to sell half the goods attheir marked price, but to sell the remainder, he had toallow a discount of 10%. Find his gain %.

25. A trader marks the price of the radio 40% above the costprice and allows 10% discount for paying cash on thespot. If he gains Rs. 65, what is the cost of the radio?SolutionAssume the COST price of the radio = XMP = 1.4 XSP = 0.9 * 1.4XProfit = 0.9*1.4X-X=65X =65/0.26 = Rs 250

27. A person bought two clocks . The cost price of one ofthem exceeds by 1/4th of the cost of other. He sold thedearer one at a gain of 10% and the other at a gain of7.5% and thus got Rs. 98 in all. Find the cost of each .SolutionAssume the cost of cheaper clock = XThe cost of the dearer clock = X +X/4 = 5/4 XSP of the dearer clock = 1.1 * 5/4 XSP of the cheaper one = 1.075*XTotal Revenue on both the clocks = 1.1 * 5/4 X + 1.075*X = 98or 2.45 X = 98 or X = Rs 40Thus the price of the dearer clock = Rs 50

5. The difference between the selling price of a clock at aprofit of 8% and 10% is Rs. 6. Find his gain percent.

Solutions

SP at a 8% gain = 1.08 CP and SP at a 10% gain = 1.10 CP

1.1CP - 1.08 CP = 60.02 CP = 6CP =Rs300

8. A businessman sells 20% of his stock at 10% profit;50% of the remainder, he sells at 10% loss. At whatpercent profit, he must sell the remainder stock, so asto get 5% profit on the total stock ?Solution