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Nikola Tesla ( ) was a Serbian-American inventor, mechanical engineer, and electrical engineer. He was an important contributor to the birth of commercial electricity, and is best known for developing the modern alternating current (AC) electrical supply system.

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Nikola Tesla was born to Serbian parents in the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire near the town of Gospić, in the territory of modern-day Croatia. His baptismal certificate reports that he was born on 28 June (N.S. 10 July) 1856 to father Milutin Tesla, a priest in the Serbian Orthodox Church. His mother was Đuka Tesla, whose father was also a Serbian Orthodox priest.

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Since childhood, Tesla was under attack of terrible nightmares and visions. To cope with it, Tesla changed them to positive with help of willpower.

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Parents often suppress such children illusions, but Tesla, by contrast, has developed his imagination to an incredible level. In future it will play the main role in his activity: he can imagine result of the experiment exactly without real tests.

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Alternative Current (AC) In 1889 Tesla began to research the high-frequency currents and high voltages; he invented the first samples of high-frequency electromechanical generators (including the inductor-type) and high- frequency transformer (Tesla transformer, 1891) thus creating preconditions for the development of a new branch of electronics - RF technology.

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Field Theory On October 12, 1887 Tesla gave a rigorous scientific description of the essence of the phenomenon of rotating magnetic field. On May 1, 1888 Tesla received his basic patents for the invention of polyphase electric machines (including the induction motor) and the transmission system through a multi- phase alternating current. With the use of two-phase system, which he considered the most economical in the United States was launched a number of industrial electrical installations, including the Niagara power plant (1895), the largest in those years.

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Radio It is believed that the radio invented by Marconi and Popov in But this is not the full truth. Tesla was one of the first patent for a reliable way to obtain the currents, which can be used in radio communications. In at a public lecture Tesla described and demonstrated the principles of radio communication. In 1893, come to grips with the issues and invented the wireless antenna mast. In 1893, Tesla built the first radio wave, ahead of Marconi for several years. In 1943 the U.S. Supreme Court reaffirmed the primacy of Tesla in this invention.

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Electric car went a week without recharging In 1931, Nikola Tesla, along with engineers from the automotive firm Pierce-Arrow had a fun experiment. In this car brand gasoline internal combustion engine replaced the motor. Tesla's electric motor connected to the box size 60x30x15 cm with two protruding rods from it. He pressed the gas pedal... The machine is operated without charge a week until it tested professionals. Then Tesla took his box, and no one else has ever seen it.

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Conversations with the spirits In one of his letters, scientist claimed, that by studying the high-frequency currents, he stumbled upon something amazing: "I found the thought. And soon you will be able to personally read his poems to Homer, and I will discuss their findings with the Archimedes himself.

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"Rays of Death" In 1933 Tesla announced in the newspapers that he had discovered some "death rays", capable of destroying aircraft at a distance of 400 kilometers. At the beginning of the Second World War, he offered to buy the technology to governments, first the U.S. and then Britain. But they abandoned because of some reasons.

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Tunguska meteorite. According to this hypothesis, at the day of the Tunguska phenomenon (June 30, 1908) Nikola Tesla conducted experiments on the transfer of energy "in the air. "A few months before the explosion Tesla claimed that he could light up the road to the North Pole expedition, the famous explorer Robert Peary. In addition, the preserved writing in the journal Library of U.S. Congress that he asked for the card "the least populated parts of Siberia." His experiments on the creation of standing waves, where, allegedly, a powerful electrical pulse concentrated tens of thousands of kilometers in the Indian Ocean, fit well into this "hypothesis". If Tesla could pump pulse energy of the so-called "ether" (a hypothetical medium, which, according to scientific ideas of past centuries, the role attributed to the carrier of electromagnetic interactions), and the effect of resonance "shake" the wave, according to myth, there must be a discharge capacity of a few nuclear explosions.

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The Philadelphia experiment The most famous rumors associated with the name of Tesla - the disappearance of the destroyer "Aldridge". Ostensibly a scientist before World War II began working with the U.S. Navy, creating a "shield of invisibility" of the ships to enemy radar. Tesla was unable to conduct an experiment - he died on January 7, 1943, but after 10 months on the destroyer "Aldridge" war with the help of generators of Nikola Tesla Electromagnetic bubble inflated. However, effect was very unexpected. The ship became invisible not only to radar, but also to the human eye. He disappeared, and then he was allegedly found about two hundred kilometers from the place of the experiment. All members of the crew, "Eldridge" have severe mental disorders.

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Internet start of the twentieth century The most important of his invention that he was unable to finish, but followers failed to repeat, - "World wireless transmission of information and energy." Power transmission station would send electrical energy to any point on Earth, reflecting it from the ionosphere - the upper layers of the atmosphere and through the Earth itself. Could use it all - ships, planes, factories, they have enough power receiving unit. The same system could, in the assurance of academic, broadcast to the whole world accurate time signals, music, drawings, facsimile texts. But the project was closed because of World War II. Documents and drawings, "World System" after his death was not found.

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Tesla was a professional billiard player. Harbored a fierce antipathy to women's earrings, especially pearls. The smell of camphor gave him a very severe discomfort. If in the process of research, he dropped a small square of paper into a liquid, it caused him a particularly horrible taste in my mouth. Tesla was counting steps while walking, the amount of soup plates, cups of coffee and pieces of food. If he could not do it, the food did not gave him pleasure, so he preferred there alone..

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In 1884 engineer Tesla moved to the U.S. to solve serious technical problems at Edisons plant. For that Edison promised to pay a premium of 50 thousand dollars. But Nikola did not see the money. Edison said that "the prize - just a joke, and if Tesla wants to become a true American, then he needs to get used to such humor." Instead of bonuses offered to Edison engineer salary increase - $ 10 a week. But he proudly refused and resigned.

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Tesla died of heart failure on the night of 7 to 8 January Tesla has always insisted that no one bothered him at the door of his hotel room in New York, even hanging a special label. The body was found by the maid and the director of the hotel "New Yorker" only 2 days after death. In January 12th body was cremated and the urn with the ashes was placed in the Fernkliff Cemetery in New York. Later it was moved to Nikola Tesla Museum in Belgrade.