Light enters the eyes through the ______?

What are the two kinds of visual receptors?

Rods and cones - which contain light-sensitive chemicals called visual pigments that react to light and trigger electrical signals
cones: responsible for high levels of illumination and for color and detail vision
rods: responsible for low levels of illumination, extremely sensitive in the dark but can't resolve fine details

What are visual pigments and where are they located?

What are cones?

One of the two visual receptors located in the retina of the eye. Composed of light sensitive chemicals that react to light and trigger electrical signals called visual pigments. Cones are in charge of high illumination, color and detail vision.

Optic nerve

Accommodation

focus. Bringing objects located at different distances into focus by changing the shape of the lens. Kind of like a camera lens being altered for objects at different distances...only you turn it whereas the eyes changes the shape of its own lens.

What technique of the eye helps you bring near and far objects into focus?

What is the distance at which your lens can no longer adjust/accommodate to bring a close object into focus?

What is presbyopia?

A condition that happens as you get older where the distance of the near point increases. That means that the distance at which your lens can no longer adjust to bring a close object into focus gets farther and farther away from your face as you get older.

What kinds of cells does the bipolar cell send signals to?

lateral inhibition

What are Mach bands?

perception of a thin dark band on the dark side of light-dark border and a thin light band on the light side of the border. These band are an illusion because they occur even though corresponding intensity changes do not exist

neural convergence

simultaneous contrast

spectral sensitivity curve

the function relating to a subject's sensitivity to light to the wavelength of the light. The spectral sensitivity curves for rod and cone vision indicate that the rods and cones are maximally sensitive at 500nm and 560 nm respectively