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miércoles, 7 de diciembre de 2016

After Installing Ubuntu

1 Things To Do After Installing Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

2 Post-instalación de Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

You’re reading this post because you either plan to upgrade to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS or you already have — that makes you awesome!
But before you award yourself a well-earned pat on the back I heartily suggest you check out this list of thetop 16 things to do after installing Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

You’ll find it jam-packed with common-sense tips, nifty tweaks and helpful advice. Itdoesn’t
matter if you’re a brand new Ubuntu user (welcome!) or an experienced
stalwart (how’s it going?) – you’ll find something of use.
Feel free to use the comments section at the bottom of this article to share you own post-install must-dos with other readers.
Ready to dive in?

1. See What’s New in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

New options! New apps! New kernel! New… everything!
Some exciting new changes feature in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS so be sure to
take a few minutes to familiarize yourself with what’s new and improved.
Whether you upgrade from 2014’s Ubuntu 14.04 LTS or waddle on up through the Wily Werewolf, you’re going to find the same neat new features and apps on offer.
For example, if you’re doing a fresh install then the Unity Dash no longer includes online search features by default. You will need to explicitly opt-in to see web links, shopping results and other cruft in the Unity Dash. In earlier versions of Ubuntu you had to opt-out.
Seasoned Ubuntu pros and fresh-faced newbies alike can peruse a full list of all the natty new features in our release recap post:

2. Check for Any Last Minute Updates

Update notification in Ubuntu 16.04

Now that you’re up to speed on what’s new, next step is to check for updates.
Yes, I appreciate that this sounds like an odd thing to do after upgrading or installing but it’s important that you do it.
Firstly, not everyone is reading this list on release date. And even
if you are, a few last-minute security, stability or bug fixes may
have slipped out between the installation image being created and you
installing from it — bugs don’t stick to the same deadlines
that developers do!
How to check for updates on Ubuntu:

Launch the ‘Software Updater’ tool from the Unity Dash

Click the button to check for updates

Install (if needed)

3. Install Linux Graphics Drivers

Install GPU drivers

Ubuntu supports most Nvidia and Intel graphics hardware out of the
box, giving you a choice of free, open-source drivers or proprietary,
closed-source drivers.
But to get the best performance from your Ubuntu PC you will want to use the latest proprietary graphics drivers available for your hardware.
Ubuntu makes it easy to do this, and you benefit from a
smoother Unity desktop experience as a result. You’ll squeeze higher
frame rates out of your favourite games, too. ;)
If you plan to play the latest Steam games on Ubuntu or use GPU heavy apps like Blender you should install the latest proprietary Linux graphics drivers available for your hardware.
To do this:

Open up the ‘Software & Updates’ tool from the Unity Dash

Click the ‘Additional Drivers’ tab

Follow any on-screen prompts to check for, install and apply any changes

Gamers using Nvidia hardware who are willing to trade a bit of stability for a whole lot of newness can use the Nvidia Graphics PPA to install newer Nvidia Linux graphics drivers.

Those of you on Radeon device should be aware that the standard AMD driver is NOT SUPPORTED
in 16.04 at this time. A future point release is expected to bring
support for the new AMDGPU driver. Expect a regression in system
performance if you upgrade.

4. Install Media Codecs

Playing MP3s in Rhythmbox

Legal issues stop Ubuntu from being able to play MP3, MP4 and other media files ‘out of the box’.
Ubuntu can play your audio and video files, you just have to tell it to do so.
The easiest way to do this is to check (tick) the ‘Enable Restricted Formats‘ box during installation. This will install all the required multimedia codecs automatically, along with the OS itself.
If you forgot to do that (or upgrade from an earlier release) you can
install the multimedia codecs manually via the Software app:

5. Enable ‘Minimise on Click’

Click on an app launcher icon to open an app. Click on the same icon again to minimise the app. Intuitive, right?
That may be, but it is not the default behaviour in Unity — which can
be off-putting to new users. It’s also not obvious how to enable it.
Run the following command (or install/use Unity Tweak Tool > Unity > Launcher > Minimise):

6. Move The Unity Launcher

Ubuntu positions its app launcher on the left-hand side of the desktop by default.
Ubuntu 16.04 finally lets you choose where the Unity launcher is positioned.
If you want to move the Unity launcher to the bottom of the screen
run the following command in a new Terminal (or install/use Unity Tweak
Tool > Unity > Launcher > Position):

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Launcher launcher-position Bottom

7. Install New GTK and Icon Themes

Ubuntu can be themed to suit your tastes

Ubuntu’s default look is nice enough, but it’s not to everyone’s tastes.
For those who switch to Ubuntu from Mac OS X, Windows 10 or a
different design-led Linux distro like elementary, the stock Ambiance
GTK theme and Ubuntu Mono icon set can seem humdrum and old-fashioned.
The good news is that it is easy to make Ubuntu look fantastic. You can do this in a number of ways.
The ‘Appearance‘ section in Ubuntu System Settings lets you adjust parts of the Ubuntu desktop to suit your needs, including:

Change the desktop wallpaper

Switch to a light theme

Adjust the size of icons on the Unity launcher

For more customization options, be it changing the desktop font or choosing which side window controls appear, install the free Unity Tweak Tool from Software.

For a more thorough visual revamp you can install new GTK and icon themes, like our current favourite Arc.
Sift through our Themes section to find other ‘eye candy’, including desktop wallpapers, widgets and cool apps.

8. Decide Where App Menus Show Up

Do you prefer app menus to show in-app?

Application menus appear in Ubuntu’s top panel by default and auto-hide after a set several seconds.
A great way to save space, but also a great way to confuse.
When you’re using several apps it’s often hard to know which app the
‘Files’, ‘Edit’, etc. strip at the top of the screen belongs to — or
where they’ve suddenly vanished to!
Ubuntu provides options inside the System Settings > Appearance pane that allow you to choose where app menus appear.
If you’d rather see menus inside the window of the app they belong to:

Go to ‘System Settings > Appearance’

Select the ‘Behavior’ tab

Find the section headed: ‘Show the Menus for a Window’

Check (click) the circle next to ‘In the window’s title bar’

To make application menus ‘Always Show’:

Go to ‘System Settings > Appearance’

Select the ‘Behavior’ tab

Find the section headed: ‘Menus visibility’

Check (click) the circle next to ‘Always displayed’

9. Explore The New ‘Software’ Store

A new software store ships as part of Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.
Direct from the department of “Long Overdue Changes”, this all-new app store replaces the Ubuntu Software Center which has shipped in every Ubuntu release since Ubuntu 9.10!
‘Software’ (inspired name, right?) is a sleeker, snappier storefront letting you browse, install and update apps. If you’re used to the old Software Center then be prepared to relearn a few tricks.The ‘Software’ tool is host to thousands of free apps, including:

10. Install Your Favourite Apps

Not every app you wish to use is available to install through the new
Software tool. In fact, a wealth of awesome Linux software exists outside of the main Ubuntu repositories.
You won’t find these in the Ubuntu software store. Easy-to-install
.Deb package downloads, which you double-click on to install, are
available for most of the following apps:

11. Sync Your Cloud Account(s)

Dropbox

You know that having a backup of your important files, folders and documents is super important.
Whether you prefer to pocket your personal files in Dropbox, OneDrive
or Google Drive, try to get everything in sync as soon as possible
after your install.
Most major cloud providers, excepting Apple iCloud, can be used on
Ubuntu. Some of these are easier to set up than others, though:

Also keep in mind that not all of the apps listed integrate with Nautilus, the file manager used in Ubuntu.

12. Install Adobe Flash on Linux

Flash sucks, but for some sites you may not have the option of not using it.Adobe officially stopped supporting Flash on Linux in 2012 and many web browsers are in the process of dropping support for its NPAPI architecture.
The overall best solution for using Flash on Linux is to download and use Google Chrome. Chrome comes with an up-to-date version of the Flash plugin built-in. In fact it’s the only way to get the latest Flash player updates on Linux — and it’s a PPAPI plugin, too.
But I appreciate that not everyone wants to use Chrome. Some of you
may be using a 32-bit version of Ubuntu, which Chrome no longer
supports. Whatever the reason you need it, here’s how to get it:

13. Supercharge The Unity Dash

A lone toggle

The Unity Dash is the hub of the OS. You can search, preview and open recent files, folders, installed apps and media content.
But it can do so much more if you ask it to.
How does checking the weather forecast without leaving your desktop
sound? What about sifting through Wikipedia articles, previewing music
on SoundCloud, or browsing eBay? All possible when you enable Unity’s
online search feature.
Head to the Privacy & Securitysection of System Settings. From there you can also:

Enable online search features in the Unity Dash

Choose which folders and files appear in the Dash

Turn on/off automatic error reporting

14. Pick a Gnarly New Wallpaper

If the default wallpapers chosen for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS don’t quite meet your taste, feel free to change it.
The Xubuntu Community Wallpaper package from the Software store has a
collection of 10 high-resolution nature photographs, including a cute
nut-nibbling squirrel!

15. Install a System Cleaner

Caches and cruft accumulate as you use Ubuntu. To keep your fresh install feeling, well, fresh you should do a bit of basic housekeeping from time to time.

One of my favourite system cleaning apps is BleachBit
(free, open source). BleachBit can tackle menial tasks, from clearing
your browser’s cache to deleting packages left over from installation,
all at the push of a button.
If you upgrade from an earlier version of Ubuntu using a system
cleaning tool (or command) is a foolproof way to claw back some precious
space. You’ll also keep your system running lean ‘n mean — which is
always bonus!
Just be careful about what you clean: don’t remove anything you’re unsure of.

16. Tell Others About Ubuntu

If the 15 steps before this one are the bread, then this 16th idea is definitely the cheese! ;)
If you try Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and like it remember to tell someone about it.
There are plenty of ways to tell other people about Ubuntu (and open-source software in general). You might: