The current Guelph began as a settlement in the 1820s, started by John Galt, originally from Scotland, the first Superintendent of the Canada Company. He based the headquarters, and his home, in the community. The area – much of what became Wellington County – had been part of the Halton Block, a Crown Reserve for the Six Nations Iroquois.[5][6] Galt would later be considered as the founder of Guelph.

Because of its relatively low crime rates, clean environment and generally high standard of living, Guelph is consistently rated as one of Canada's best places to live.[7][8] Guelph has been noted as having one of the lowest unemployment rates in the country throughout the Great Recession.[9] In February 2016, it had the lowest rate in the country, at 3.9 per cent, compared to the national rate of 7.3 per cent; in large part, this is because of the great number of manufacturing facilities, including Linamar.[10] The unemployment rate increased over the subsequent months, however, reaching 5.9% by October 2017.[11]

For many years, Guelph ranked at or near the bottom of Canada's crime severity list.[12] By 2016, the data was less impressive but the city was still only at about the midway point in the crime statistics for Canada and well below the national average in some important aspects.[13]

Before colonization, the area was considered by the surrounding indigenous communities to be a "neutral" zone and was inhabited by the Neutral Nation. According to the University of Guelph, "the area was home to a First Nations community called the Attawandaron who lived in longhouses surrounded by fields of corn".[14] (The majority of this nation, about 4,000 people, lived in a village near what is now the Badenoch area of Puslinch, near Morriston.)[15]

John Galt, the first Superintendent of the Canada Company, was hired to help colonize Upper Canada.[16] He selected Guelph as the headquarters of this British development firm. Galt was a popular Scottish poet and novelist who also designed the town to attract settlers and farmers to the surrounding countryside.[17] His design intended the town to resemble a European city centre, complete with squares, broad main streets and narrow side streets, resulting in a variety of block sizes and shapes which are still in place today.[18] The street plan was laid out in a radial street and grid system that branches out from downtown,[19] a technique which was also employed in other planned towns of this era, such as Buffalo, New York.[17]

An 1855 map of Guelph

The initial founding was symbolized by Galt (with "Tiger" Dunlop,[20] who would be significant in the history of Goderich, Ontario,) felling a tree[21] on April 23, 1827. That was St. George's Day, the feast day of the patron saint of England. The name Guelph comes from the Italian Guelfo and the Bavarian-Germanic Welf. It is a reference to the reigning British monarch at the time Guelph was founded, King George IV, whose family was from the House of Hanover, a younger branch of the House of Welf sometimes spelled as Guelf or Gwelf.[22][23] The town was named to honour Britain's royal family, the Hanoverians, who were descended from the Guelfs, the ancestral family of George IV, the reigning British monarch; thus the nickname The Royal City.[19][24] The directors of the Canada Company had actually wanted the city to be named Goderich, because Lord Goderich had helped form the company, but reluctantly accepted that the village was called Guelph.[25]

Galt constructed what was one of the first buildings in the community to house early settlers and the Canada Company office; "The Priory" (built 1827–1828).[19] was located on the banks of the Speed River near the current River Run Centre for performing arts and could house up to 100 people.[26][27][28][29][30] The building would eventually become the CPR's Priory station on the Guelph Junction Railway before it was eventually torn down and removed.[31][32] A historical plaque commemorates John Galt's role with the Canada Company in populating Upper Canada's Huron Tract, calling it "the most important single attempt at settlement in Canadian history".[33] (Galt was responsible for finding settlers for the 42,000 acre Halton Block that would become Guelph and its townships but also for the one million acre Huron Tract that stretched to Goderich, Ontario.)[19]

By the fall of 1827, 70 houses had been built, though some were primitive.[34] In that year, the community had hired its first police constable; the first police station would be opened in 1856 at the town hall and it would move in 1900 to the Annex building behind the court house.[35] Also in 1827, the first Guelph Farmers' Market was built; the Market House was located in the downtown area.[36] The first Board of Commerce also started in 1927, to stimulate economic growth; in 1866, it would be renamed the Board of Trade, and in 1919, it became the Chamber of Commerce.[37] In order to eliminate the need for farmers to take their grain to Galt or Dundas for grinding, the Canada Company built the first grist mill; the Guelph Mill was sold to William Allen in 1832.[38] In 1829, the Canada Company fired Galt because of poor bookkeeping and not obeying company policies.[16] He returned to Great Britain penniless and was imprisoned because he was unable to pay his debts.[39] In 1831, Guelph had approximately 800 residents.[40] For several years, the economy of the village suffered and some residents moved away; relief came in the form of wealthy immigrants from England and Ireland who arrived in 1832.[41]

The Smith's Canadian Gazetteer of 1846 indicates that the town had a jail and court house made of cut stone, a weekly newspaper, five churches/chapels and a population of 1,240; most were from England and Scotland with a few from Ireland. In addition to many tradesmen, the community had 15 stores, seven taverns, and some industry, tanneries, breweries, distilleries and a starch factory. The Post Office was receiving mail daily.[42]

Guelph was incorporated as a town in 1855, with John Smith as the first mayor.[43] In the same year, the Grand Trunk Railroad line opened.[44] Two years later, the population was estimated at 4,500, up from 2,000 in 1853.[45]

The board of the Guelph General Hospital was incorporated in 1861, with James Massie as the chairman.[46] The building was completed in 1875, at the cost of $9,871, and opened on August 16, 1875, with 2 beds, a small infectious room and a dispensary.[47]

By 1869, the community's manufacturing companies were served by both the Grand Trunk Railway and the Great Western Railway.[48] The first section of the Wellington, Grey & Bruce Railway, between Guelph and Elora, opened in 1870; the line would eventually run as far as Southampton, Ontario[49] with stations in communities such as Palmerston, Harriston, Listowel and Wingham.[50] This company was not very successful and never did reach Owen Sound as planned, partly because of stiff competition from the Northern Railway of Canada[51] as well as the Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway. By the mid 1870s, the Wellington, Grey & Bruce Railway was in financial trouble; it eventually became part of the Grand Trunk system, and later, the CNR.[52][53]

By January 1871, some residents of the town had access to gas, provided by the Guelph Gas Company via pipes, initially to about 100 homes.[54] Electricity would not become commonly available until the early 1900s, from the Guelph Light and Heat Commission.[55]

An 1877 plan to start the Guelph Street Railway,[56] using horse-drawn vehicles to deliver freight and passengers within Guelph, never came to fruition.[57]

A poor house with a farm, The Wellington County House of Industry and Refuge, opened in December 1877 in a rural area near Guelph; many orphans from Guelph were admitted. The building still stands, as the Wellington County Museum and Archives.[58][59]

Guelph was incorporated as a city in 1879.[60] Despite optimism, the population growth was very slow until the Grand Trunk Railroad reached it from Toronto, en route to Sarnia, in 1856; the town was also served soon thereafter by the Great Western Railway branch from Harrisburg.[61] In 1856, the village became a town.[62]

Interior of the Basilica of Our Lady Immaculate after the renovation (2015)

McCrae House, Guelph

Ontario Agricultural College plaque

A few years later, George Sleeman Sr. founded an electric radial railway, the Guelph Railway Company, an important part of the history of Guelph Transit. Only five miles of track had been laid by 1895, but the line was extended in 1902; the radial railway eventually reached Toronto, as the Ontario Hydro Electric Railways - Guelph District (owned by Ontario Hydro).[63] In addition to carrying passengers, the cars carted coal to heat the Ontario Agricultural College.[64]

Guelph was incorporated as a city in 1879 with a Special Act of the Ontario legislature.[65]

By 1886, telephones were quite common in the city. An April news article described the situation as follows. "Telephones are rapidly being introduced into private homes, where they prove a great convenience. Ladies order their groceries, consult their medical advisers, call their husbands home from the club and gossip with their friends by telephone."[66]

Guelph was home to a major correctional institution from 1915 until 2001, originally the Ontario Reformatory with subsequent names including Wellington Detention Centre and, after 1972, Guelph Correctional Centre. The first inmates had been transferred to the Guelph facility from Toronto's Central Prison. The facility included a farm that taught inmates useful agricultural skills; inmates also learned dry cleaning, metalworking, and other trades. During World War I, the property served as the Guelph Military Convalescent Hospital a convalescent hospital for over 900 veterans; it closed as this facility in late 1920; prisoners returned in January 1921.[68][69] In 1972, the centre still housed 450 prisoners but was closed; the inmates were transferred to larger jails.[70] Afterwards, the facility was used for some film shoots and for training emergency personnel. In December 2017, City Council voted to buy 98 hectares (243 acres) for subsequent sale to developers, including the area that was then the Turf Grass research building and the jail farm. The actual area around the buildings of the Correctional facility was not included.[71][72]

Guelph's police force had Canada's first municipal motorcycle patrol. Chief Ted Lamb brought back an army motorcycle he used during the First World War. Motorcycles were faster and more efficient than walking.[22]

In 2017, Scientology Canada announced it would move its Canadian headquarters to Guelph.[74] Some residents protested the plan.[75] The facility was opened in the autumn of the year at 40 Baker Street.[76]

As of May 2016, the population of the actual city was 131,794 according to the 2016 Census up from 121,688 in 2011.[77] This report also indicated a metropolitan area which does not necessarily conform to the official boundaries. The so-called metropolitan area - including Guelph, Guelph/Eramosa and Puslinch - had a population of 151,984, an increase of 7.7 per cent since 2011.[78] That made it one of seven in Canada to experience accelerated growth in the previous five years according to Statistics Canada.[79]

Downtown Guelph is situated above the confluence of the Speed River and the Eramosa River, which have numerous tributaries. The Speed River enters from the north and the Eramosa River from the east; the two rivers meet below downtown and continue southwest, where they merge with the Grand River (Ontario). There are also many creeks and smaller rivers creating large tracts of densely forested ravines, and providing ideal sites for parks and recreational trails. The city is built on several drumlins and buried waterways, the most notable being an underground creek flowing below the Albion Hotel, once the source of water used to brew beer.

This region of Ontario has cold winters and warm, humid summers, falling into the Köppen climate classificationDfb zone, with moderately high rainfall and snowfall. It is generally a couple of degrees cooler than lower elevation regions on the Great Lakes shorelines, especially so in winter, the exception being on some spring afternoons when the lack of an onshore breeze boosts temperatures well above those found lakeside.

The highest temperature ever recorded in Guelph was 38.3 °C (100.9 °F) on 6 August 1918 and 13 July 1936.[80][81] The coldest temperature ever recorded was −37.2 °C (−35.0 °F) on 25 January 1884.[82]

The city of Guelph's diversified economy helped Guelph obtain the country's lowest unemployment rate at 4.2 per cent in 2011[9] and at 3.9 per cent in February 2016.[10] The great diversity in the types of employers is a significant factor too; unlike Windsor, the city is not dependent on a single industry. And the so-called "employment rate" (percentage of the population that is working) was the best in Canada in December 2015 according to BMO senior economist Robert Kavcic. The job growth of more than 9 per cent at the same time was also of great value to the community.[87] At the time, the BMO economist also rated Guelph as the top city in Canada for those looking for work.[88] Over subsequent months, the rate increased steadily and was at a more typical 5.9% by October 2017, compared to 5.1% in Kitchener-Waterloo.[89]

Manufacturing is the leading sector of the economy in Guelph, accounting for 24.3% of employment according to the 2006 census. The largest industry is auto parts manufacturing[10] while the second largest industry is Educational services, accounting for 11.3%.[90]Linamar is the city's leader in this sector, with 22 manufacturing plants. The company has received government funding for expansion that would create additional jobs, most recently in 2015 ($101 million)[91] and in 2018 ($99 million).[92] The latter would create 1500 additional job and maintain 8,000 others in the Canadian operation.[93]

According to research completed by the City of Guelph in 2010, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing accounted for 26.1% of the types of industries while Machinery Manufacturing for 12.8% and Miscellaneous Manufacturing for 10.4%.[94] The City's Economic Development Strategy identified life science, agri-food and biotechnology firms, environmental management and technology companies as growth industries on which to focus economic development activities.[95]

Guelph's largest employers in 2011 were Linamar (12,000), University of Guelph (3,723), City of Guelph (2,030), Cargill Meat Solutions (1,500) Upper Grand District School Board (1,300), Guelph General Hospital (1,150), Polycon Industries (1,000) The Co-operators (843), Guelph Tool Inc. (700) and, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Foods and Rural Affairs (650.) The Cooperators was one of the Platinum Winners in the Canada's Best Employers 2017 report; the company has been on this list for 14 years.[99]

The University's staffing fell into three categories in 2015: there were 2,600 regular full-time faculty and staff, 1,890 temporary (full-time and part-time) and 3,690 student employees.[100] The University was among Canada's Best Employers in 2016 according to Forbe's magazine, making the top 20 in the list.[101]

Two Guelph companies were among the 2018 winners of the Waterloo Area's Top Employers competition. According to the report, Reid's Heritage Group of Companies, a home builder with 212 full-time employees, "supports employees who are new mothers with maternity leave top-up payments .... [provides] flexible work hours, helps employees balance work and their personal commitments with up to 10 paid personal days ... and offers referral bonuses [for staff hires]."[102] Sleeman Breweries Limited, with 991 full-timers, offers "generous tuition subsidies ... opportunities for the next generation to gain meaningful experience through summer employment and co-op placements ... retirement planning assistance and phased-in work options" as well as bonuses for salaried staff and profit-sharing for those who are unionized.[103]

As part of the plan to increase development, City Council voted in late 2017 to buy 98 hectares (243 acres) south of York Street[104] owned by the Provincial government, and previously part of the property of the detention centre. After the acquisition, the City would seek one or more developers to buy the property.[71][72] The land purchased was only 23% of the long term plan for development in the entire 436 hectare (1,000 acre) site bounded by Watson Parkway South, the south border of the city and Victoria Road South.[105] The City's Web site provided the following comment on the Guelph Innovation District Secondary Plan.[104] The area "is vital to meeting employment and housing targets consistent with Guelph’s Growth Management Strategy and the Province’s Growth Plan; supporting an economic cluster focused on green-economy and innovation sector jobs; and offering opportunities for integrated energy planning as part of the Community Energy Initiative."[106]

The city scored well in fDi magazine's American Cities of the Future, 2017/2018, as one of the ten best small cities in North America for foreign investment.[107] (The publication is a division of Financial Times Limited.) Cities were rated on economic potential, business friendliness, human capital and lifestyle, cost-effectiveness and connectivity. Guelph was the only Canadian city to rank among the top 10 overall in the small city category, coming in tenth on the list; it placed fourth in human capital and lifestyle, and eighth for business friendliness. The report indicated that the city continued to attract companies involved in advanced manufacturing, agri-food, environmental technologies, IT and tourism. The leading companies named in the report included Linamar Corporation, the Co-operators, Canadian Solar, Cargill Canada, Syngenta Canada, the Guelph Manufacturing Group and Blount Canada.[108]

Guelph is very attractive to the agri-food and biotechnology market sector, according to the City. It was ranked as the top cluster in Ontario and one of the top two in Canada. This sector includes over 90 companies in Guelph-Wellington, employing approximately 6,500 people.[109]

The City also touts the importance of advanced manufacturing which is its largest employer. The roughly 360 businesses of this type employ approximately 14,755 people (roughly 25% of Guelph’s labour force). The category includes "high precision manufacturing and auto parts assembly to plastic injection moulding machines manufacturing and automation devices. This enables advanced manufacturing to be a strong driver of the local economy."[110]

The 2016 Census indicated a labour force of nearly 76,000, of which about 55% said they worked full-time all year. At the time the data was gathered, 4,610 persons indicated they were unemployed. The top five occupations in terms of the number so employed were Sales and service (16,195), Education, law and social, community and government services (10,205), Business, finance and administration (10,150), Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations (9,170) and manufacturing and utilities (8,205).[111]

Guelph is the fifth fastest-growing city in Canada with a population growth rate of about 2% per year. According to the Ontario Places to Grow plan, Guelph's population is projected to be about 144,500 by the year 2021. Population varies throughout the year because of variations in the University of Guelph student population.[113]

The 2006 census enumerated 114,943 residents of Guelph. 49.1% were male and 50.9% were female. 6.2% were under five. The average age is 35.7 years of age. Between 1996 and 2001, the population of Guelph grew 10.7%. The 2011 metro population density of Guelph was 335.6 people per square kilometre.

Historically, Guelph's population has been principally British in origin, with 92% in 1880 and 87% in 1921.[17]

The national average for the crime severity index was 70.96 per 100,000 people in 2016 while Guelph's was much lower at 55 per 100,000 people according to a study published by Macleans.[13] In this report, Guelph was at about the middle of the statistics, with the worst community, North Battleford, Saskatchewan, at 353 per 100,000 people and nearby Kitchener-Waterloo at 61. More specific data was also provided:

Violent crime severity index: 49 per 100,000 people compared to 75.25 for the national index.

Homicide rate: The city had only one homicide in 2016 for a rate of 0.76 per 100,000 people, compared to the national average of 1.68.

Assault rate: Guelph was at 181.87 versus the national average of 370

Sexual assault rate: This aspect was quite high with 64.22 per 100,000 people compared to the national rate of 56.6.

Robbery rate: Guelph had 21.91 per 100,000 people, much lower than the national average of 60.9.

Fraud: This aspect has increased notably since 1996; it was at 260.67 per 100,000 people in 2016, versus the national rate of 299.05.

Drug offences: The city is well below the national average in all categories.

Youth Criminal Justice Act offences: The rate was 8.31 per 100,000 in Guelph, substantially lower than the national average of 16.74.

Although a private library, run by the Farmers and Mechanics Institute, existed since 1832, a public library did not open in Guelph until 1882, when the Free Libraries Act allowed municipalities to operate libraries. After occupying premises near City Hall, it moved into an Andrew Carnegie-funded building in 1905.[115] The neo-classical (Beaux Art) structure, had been designed in 1902 by W. Frye Colwill.[116] The collection of the Farmers and Mechanics Institute library was contributed to the new library.[117]

The current main library building of the Guelph Public Library, on Norfolk St. was opened in 1965.[118] Guelph is served by a growing library system composed of a main library located in the downtown core, five branches and a Bookmobile. With a membership of over 85,000, the Guelph Public Library system's goals include preserving and indexing public materials relating to the history of Guelph. Although no formal program has been developed, the library acquires municipal records of archival value from the City of Guelph.

A new public library may be built near the Baker St. parking lot, which is to be redeveloped as the Baker District, starting in 2018.[119] Preliminary discussions about a new main branch had taken place by summer 2017.[120][121]

The City of Guelph operates Guelph Museums, including the Guelph Civic Museum which showcases the city's history with exhibits, an interactive gallery and special events; this facility has some 30,000 artifacts. The city also operates McCrae House, the birthplace of John McCrae (1872-1918), author of In Flanders Fields.[122]

The city currently has one hospital, Guelph General rated as one of the safest in Canada in terms of the hospital standardized mortality ratio; the lower the better. Guelph's facility had a score of 78 in 2017, notably better than the national average of 91. By comparison, Cambridge Memorial Hospital had a score of 95.[123] St. Joseph's Health Centre was previously a hospital but is now a 240-bed long-term care home with a 91-bed specialty unit for complex continuing, rehabilitation and palliative care. Various oputpatient services are also provided at this facilty.[124]

Another major facility, Homewood Health Centre offers treatment for mental health and addiction issues.[125] The facility was founded in 1883 by the Homewood Retreat Association of Guelph as "a private asylum for the Insane and an Asylum for Inebriates" on a 19-acre property which included the Donald Guthrie house. The first patients were admitted in December of that year.[126]

The city is a single-tier municipality governed by a mayor-council system. The structure of the municipal government is stipulated by the Ontario Municipal Act of 2001. There are currently 12 councillors and a mayor, with two councillors representing each of the six wards.

The mayor and members of the city council serve four-year terms without term limits, with the next election in October 2018. Prior to the 2006 election, the mayor and city councillors served three-year terms.

Guelph City Council is responsible for policy and decision making, monitoring the operation and performance of the city, analyzing and approving budgets and determining spending priorities.

In 2014, Ward 4 councillor Cam Guthrie defeated incumbent Karen Farbridge, 50% to 36% for the position of mayor. Five incumbent councillors were re-elected, four rookie councillors were elected, three former councillors were elected, two incumbents were defeated, and four did not seek re-election.

Downtown Guelph: Several downtown streets are lined with Victorian era buildings, which are now well over a century old.[128] Many of Guelph's historically designated properties are in or near the downtown area.[129] The old City Hall on Carden St., built between 1856 and 1857, is a National Historic Site of Canada; this structure is an example of mid-19th century Renaissance Revival architecture. This building, as well as the Annex built, in circa 1865, are also historically designated by the province. Other historically designated buildings in the area include the Winter Fair Building, the County Jail and Governor's Residence[130] and the Guelph Armoury.[131] The Old Quebec Street Mall was a street built in the 1800s that was enclosed and covered; that work was completed in 1984 and the street became an indoor shopping mall.[132]

The Guelph Civic Museum has been located on "Catholic Hill" (Norfolk St. and Cork St.) adjacent to the Basilica of Our Lady Immaculate since 2012, moving to this location from a nationally designated historic site at 6 Dublin St. South.[133][134] At Guelph Civic Museum one can find pictures, films and other antique materials related to the historic development of the City of Guelph.

Among the oldest of the city's neighborhoods, settled by affluent citizens, the St. George’s Park area features heritage homes and mansions in the highest part of Guelph. Much of the city's elite lived on the hill running up Grange Street and many of the homes have been renovated.[135]

The Exhibition Park neighbourhood, containing the oldest park in Guelph, is an area that was settled in the 1870s and still contains many Victorian style heritage homes.[136]

The Brooklyn and College Hill area south of the Speed River[137] is the city's only district that was designated under the Ontario Heritage Act.[138][139]

St. Patrick's Ward (The Ward) with many old buildings, originally contained both manufacturing facilities and modest homes.[140] Many newcomers from Europe, particularly Italy, settled here after 1850.[141]

Goldie Mill ruins: Once owned by the Goldie family, an important name in the early Waterloo Region, the mill was operated from 1866 until 1953 when a fire destroyed it.[142] For some years, it served as a venue for outdoor public and private events but the area around the buildings was closed to the public in June 2017 due to soil contamination and sink holes.[143]

The earliest newspaper published here was the Guelph Herald, which lasted for nine months after its was started in 1842 by Charles McDonnell. The Wellingtonian also lasted for only a short time in 1843. The next one to be published was The Advertiser in 1845. In 1847, the new Guelph Herald was established as a weekly.[147]

Both of those publications disappeared but the city was served by a daily newspaper for 149 years until the Guelph Mercury ceased operations in January 2016 due to declining subscriptions and revenues.[148] At the time, it was owned by Metroland Media Group which also owned the Guelph Tribune, a twice weekly publication with limited news coverage. The latter increased its reporting of local news, assumed publication of the Guelph and District Homes section and, in April 2016, took over operation of the Mercury web site.[149] At the same time, the newspaper rebranded with a new title, Guelph Mercury Tribune.[150]

Radio stations from Kitchener-Waterloo and CTV Kitchener, CKCO-DT television, also provide some coverage of Guelph news.[152][153] Since 2011, CKCO has not been identified by its call letters.[154][155]

The Sleeman Centre is a sports and entertainment venue in Guelph. The large, modern facility allows for a variety of events such as concerts, sporting and family events, trade shows and conferences, and it is home to the local hockey team, the Guelph Storm.[156]

From a Bell Organ factory to the opera singer Edward Johnson, Guelph has been a source of musical contribution. Today, Guelph has a thriving indie rock scene, which has spawned some of Canada's more well-known indie bands, many of which are highlighted in the annual Kazoo Festival.[157] Guelph is also home to the Hillside Festival, a hugely popular music festival held at nearby Guelph Lake during the summer, as well as the Guelph Jazz Festival.[158]

Guelph is also home to the Guelph Symphony Orchestra,[159] and two yearly classical music festivals. The Kiwanis Music Festival of Guelph showcases students from Guelph and surrounding areas,[160] while the Guelph Musicfest offers performances by local professional classical musicians.[161]

Guelph was the first municipality in Canada to have its own federally chartered railway, the Guelph Junction Railway. This 25 kilometre (16 mile) link to the CPR is still municipally owned.

Built in 1911, the Guelph Central Station (still in use), was constructed by the Grand Trunk Railway which had arrived in Guelph in 1856;[164] years later, it was taken over by the Canadian National Railway. This is a classic example of early 20th Century Canadian railway station design and has been designated as a heritage structure per the Heritage Railway Stations Protection Act.[165][166] The Romanesque Revival building, with its Italianate tower, has been listed on the Canadian Register since 2006 and was formally recognized as one of Canada's Historic Places in November 1992.[167] A renovation project in 2016-2017 provided various benefits, including repairs to maintain and restore heritage aspects.[164]

There had also been passenger stations in Guelph that were built by the Canadian Pacific Railway.[168] The first CPR station, from the 1800s, was the Priory House station, converted from the first house in Guelph. It stood opposite the current Priory Square and was eventually dismantled.[27] Its replacement, located between Cardigan Street and the Speed River, was a brick building erected in 1911.[31][169][27][31] After this brick building was no longer used as a rail station, it was converted for other purposes; eventually it was moved to the Galt area of Cambridge, Ontario.[170]

The Central station is currently an Intermodal Transit Terminal that includes bus and railway services in one facility. The following is a summary of its purpose from an April 2017 report:

"Guelph Central Train Station is a busy transit hub that accommodates Guelph Transit, GO Transit, Via Rail and Greyhound Canada operations. Each weekday, more than 5,000 passengers board Guelph Transit, to travel on one of the 15 different routes that operate out of the bus bays adjacent to the train station."[171]

^University of Guelph (2013). "International Handbook 2013"(PDF). Media Firabcn Spain. Media Firabcn Spain. Retrieved 25 March 2017. The city was named in 1827 to honour the British Empire’s King George IV, whose family name was Gwelf. The spelling has been altered over time, but it is pronounced just as it was 185 years ago and rhymes with ‘self’.

^Tencer, Daniel (January 13, 2016). "Canada's Best City To Find A Job? Guelph, Ontario, According To BMO". The Huffington Post Canada. The Huffington Post. Accessed January 25, 2017. The small city about 90 km [56 mi] west of Toronto topped the list for its robust job growth, population inflows, a puny 4.2 percent jobless rate and the highest share of the population that is working