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Surveying and monitoring “Manezh”

Shopping Center “Manezh” located in Bering St, Tomsk is surveyed with a view of expanding its floor-space.

A project has been developed to reconstruct this Shopping Center into Shopping Mall and Recreation Center “Manezh” embracing the existing building. The up-dated 5-level building will have a total floor-space more than 30,000 m² including underground car parking, food supermarket, electronics and house appliances store, food court, multiplex cinema, entertainment center, as well as numerous shops.
Our Company is the General planner (designer) in developing the construction design documents for constructing the new and reconstructing the existing building. From September, 2013 our experts have been conducting the survey of the Shopping Center “Manezh” technical conditions and executing the monitoring of the existing building block.
The major target was to organize all monitoring activities concerning the technical conditions of those building structures which could be affected by the new construction and reconstruction throughout the installation-construction work period and following building maintenance.
Monitoring preceded the surveying of the building technical conditions, the results of which constituted a ground for future monitoring steps. The work was executed within the scope of Client target assignment in accordance with Design Specifications and reliable results in compliance to GOST R 53778-2010 “Buildings and Facilities. Rules in surveying and monitoring technical conditions”:
1. developing external geodetic control network with deep control points and benchmarks for neighboring territories and deformed marks on building structures;
2. executing geodetic-underground survey;
3. determining and evaluating the building technical conditions;
4. issuing findings on surveying building technical conditions;
5. developing Technical Specifications and work plan in monitoring building technical conditions.
At present Company experts are monitoring the building technical conditions of Shopping Center “Manezh,” involving period site surveys and result express reports. Monitoring included the following steps:
1. preliminary monitoring based on previously step-by-step monitoring documents and results.
2. executing check calculation of building frame-structure and creating the analysis model of stress-strain distribution in load-bearing frame structure by automated method via software packages SCAD Office and Foundation in compliance with GOST R 54257-2010 requirements.
3. step-by-step monitoring of technical conditions in compliance with requirements of the following: GOST R 53778-2010, DCS* (design and construction specifications) 13-102-2003, DCS* 126.13330.2012, DCS* 11-104-97, GOST 24846-2012, CRR (construction rules and regulations) 3.03.01-87 and documents stating projected deadlines and scope of following monitoring step, including construction steps:
- fully integrated visual inspection of bearing and enclosing structure and protocol- report; issuing instructions (if necessary) stating location and scope of additional integrated inspection of technical conditions;
- detailed instrumental investigation of technical conditions (if necessary);
- instrumental specification of structure spatial altitude within the framework of geodetic survey.
4. changing analysis model of stress-strain distribution in terms of detected defects and damages, comparing obtained results with initial indexes and standard regulations; specifying new construction influence zone in terms of erection works; calculated projection of technical conditions, stress-strain change dimension and rate.
5. compiling express-report for each monitoring step.
6. compiling and issuing ordinary monitoring-based conclusion on building technical conditions:
- evaluating technical conditions (technical condition category);
- documents certifying technical condition category of building;
- justifying the most probable causes of defects and damages in the structures (if necessary);
– technical specification for integrated investigation of building technical conditions (if necessary);
- technical specification for project development in restoration and/or reinforcement of structures (if necessary);
We would like to focus on the work of Engineering Survey Department within the period of August, 2013. The experts developed an external geodetic control network with deep control points and benchmarks for neighboring territories and deformed marks on building structures.
Reconnaissance of neighboring territories to the Shopping Center building is conducted to determine optimal laying points of horizontal and vertical control points. The locations out of the bounds of soil bearing pressure and vibration zones resulting from constructed and operable buildings and structures were examined.

Within the investigated area of the building horizontal and vertical control points (wall and monumented benchmarks) were established.

Planned benchmark positions were determined by package of two-frequency navigation receivers, based on the result of static observations via line and angle measurements.
To process and equalize obtained data software programs and software packages, included in equipment, were used. Based on equalization of geo-satellite line and angle measurement estimations and data horizontal and vertical control points were determined in local coordinate system LCS -70 and catalog of coordinates was compiled.
Due to no geodetic control network points of required class conditional height datum (HD) system was used. Benchmarks of air defense points were determined by direct differential leveling method, short directional rays in forward and reverse direction electronic level.
All activities were performed in accordance with existing regulations: GOST 24846-81; CG (construction guidelines) 13-22.2009; NTGD (national technical guidance document)-03-010-03 and Technical Specifications.
Visual investigation in optimal observation point location was conducted before determining deformation control benchmarks.

Each deformed benchmark is assigned an individual number, quantity and location being agreed by client.

Due to the fact that observed points are located in remote places and/or at different heights, planned (coordinate) position of deformed benchmarks were determined by line and angle measurement via three stand-mounted system. Observation is conducted by total station in sets with geodetic control network.

Equalizing deformation network was conducted in software system, included in equipment, resulting in planned (coordinate) positions determined in local coordinate system LCS -70. A catalog of coordinates was compiled.
To measure deformed benchmark position direct differential leveling method, short directional rays in forward and reverse direction electronic level were applied. Electronic leveling of deformed benchmarks was performed by alignment of leveling lines from highly stable height control benchmarks.

Based on leveling results a catalog was complied including height points of deformed benchmarks in conditioned height systems.
Briefly, monitoring reflects the process, site deformation behavior, development rate; confirms and/or improves performed technical investigation results; justifies possibly further maintenance which, in its turn, promotes accurate evaluation of deformation dynamics; predicts the possible condition changes of building and/or construction; prevents negative deformation consequences.
In view of the fact that new building construction in Tomsk demonstrates a dynamic development (annually, new housing, constructed and reconstructed shopping malls, new emerging industrial and civil construction sites) new and new targets arise associated with personal and social security within cities. All in all this determines: (1) reliability of constructing buildings and (2) influence of construction on existing infrastructure. In this case, building technical surveying and monitoring is of great importance in preventing emergency situations and selecting preventive sequence of engineering activities.