The Fabulous Little Richard was the third album from Little Richard, and the end of his rock and roll period. Released seventeen months after he had left the Specialty Records label, Richard had returned to religion and turned his back on the music that made him famous. Though he would briefly rescind that decision in 1962, and sporadically throughout his career, this album marked the end of his peak period. In order to make the record more accessible to listeners, over half of the tracks featured an overdubbed female backing group. The record was put together including out-takes and other leftover studio tracks, which saw Richard in a somewhat more mellow styling.[2]

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Richard had received a vision of a plane on fire, and took it as a sign from God to leave showbusiness. He recalled that in 1957: "There were ten days of the tour left to run, but I would not work any more. Our tickets home were bought on the basis of a two-week tour, but I demanded passage back to the States for the total entourage ten days early. The incredible thing is that the plane we were originally scheduled to return on crashed into the Pacific Ocean. That's when I felt that God really had inspired me to do the things I did at the time." [3] (page 94). It was included as the B side on the single, "Tutti Frutti".

The liner notes of the album observed that Little Richard "is at present deeply engrossed in religious activities, thus sacrificing the millions of dollars he could be earning through personal appearances on television, in motion pictures, and in concerts."[4] The sleeve notes also claimed that the overdubbed tracks were Little Richard's decision, stating that "Little Richard has added voices on several of these numbers, bringing him closer to the type of church singing he was brought up on, and to which he is now returning."[4]

The track Kansas City would also feature lyrics from his own "Hey, Hey, Hey, Hey", something which The Beatles had to credit on album pressings after covering it for Beatles For Sale and not realising the addition. Interestingly enough, this hit version by Richard was originally credited only to Leiber and Stoller, although the lyrics are completely different.

Six months after the release of this album Richard would begin to record gospel music, a genre he continued in — barring a brief dalliance with the Little Star Records label in 1962 — for the next four years. In April 1963 he entered Sam Cooke's studio to begin recording new tracks for Specialty. The official return to Specialty came in March 1964, and included a Cooke song tried out in 1963.