Macro-economic Data

Text bolded/green below shows notes and variable definitions when you roll over. If you cannot see the notes, please download an Excel version from the Research Center, which includes notes. Also, a PDF featuring variable definitions is available in the document list under "Definition of Hofinet Variables".

Notes: Building tax - annual tax of 1.2-2% of current value for residential properties
Land value tax - land for residential use is taxed at a flat rate of 0.2%

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.

Notes: Gains on sales of property are subject to the nation's progressive income tax
Gains on sales of land are taxed under Land Value Increment Tax (LVIT) which varies from 20-40%

Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed.
LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.

Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed.
LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.

Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.

Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.

Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.

Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.

Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.

Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.

Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.

Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.

Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.

Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.

Notes: Many of the constraints were repealed in 2015 but a few remain in place, especially those regarding high-value property

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.

Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.

Notes: Total dwelling units not made of steel, concrete, or brick, i.e. made of wood, bamboo, and stone.