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The Toyota brand came in first in this year’s rankings, followed by the company’s luxury Lexus brand. It’s the fifth year in a row that a Toyota brand has topped the survey. Kia, Audi and BMW rounded out the top five.

Auto-reliability rankings

Consumer Reports’ brand rankings for 2018 models and the number of spots each brand rose or fell from last year.

Brand/Ranking change

Toyota +1

Lexus -1

Kia +2

Audi (no change)

BMW +4

Subaru +5

Infiniti +1

Buick -5

Honda +1

Hyundai -3

Nissan +2

Mazda -6

Porsche +3

Mercedes-Benz +3

Ford +3

Volkswagen +6

Chrysler +10

Chevrolet -3

Acura -7

Jeep +3

Tesla +4

Lincoln -2

Volvo -4

Dodge +2

Ram +4

GMC -2

Cadillac -6

Consumer Reports

Consumer Reports predicts reliability of 2018 vehicles based on a survey of its subscribers who owned or leased 640,000 vehicles from the 2000-2017 model years. Consumer Reports forecasts how a model will perform based on recent data for that model. The magazine gives more weight to mechanical and safety issues than minor problems like wind noise.

The magazine’s rankings are closely watched in the industry, since many buyers seek advice from Consumer Reports.

Jake Fisher, Consumer Reports’ director of auto testing, says Toyota’s strategy of adding new technology gradually — instead of all at once — helps make its vehicles more reliable. Toyota’s new Camry sedan, for example, has an eight-speed transmission that was first tested on the Highlander SUV.

Kia has also steadily climbed in the rankings because it uses proven technology that has already been tested by its sister brand, Hyundai, which slipped in the rankings. Consumer Reports found that the Kia Niro hybrid, which went on sale earlier this year, was the most reliable vehicle in its entire survey.

Audi and BMW also have better-than-average infotainment systems because they were some of the first to market with them more than a decade ago.

“They’ve had all those growing pains,” Fisher said.

By contrast, Buick dropped from third to eighth in the rankings because of troubles with its new 2017 LaCrosse sedan, which has a new eight-speed transmission, new engine and new electronic shifter, among other features. Fisher said other recent Buicks, like the Envision, went on sale in China or Europe first and got some kinks worked out before heading to the U.S.

Electric cars escaped some of those reliability problems because they have fewer parts. General Motors didn’t fare well overall, but its new Chevrolet Bolt electric car had above-average reliability. In its debut on the list, Tesla’s Model 3 sedan got an “average” reliability score. The car isn’t widely available yet, but the magazine based its ranking on responses for the company’s Model S sedan, which has above-average reliability.