2. The implants have a nanosurface-enhanced deeply porous titanium scaffold intermolded with a PEEK core.

3. Dr. Webster and his team used the same chemistry Nanovis utilized to create its existing spinal implant, changing only the texture of the implant's surface to emulate bone on the nanoscale.

4. Dr. Webster said the nanofeature technology could be to other devices, such as knee and hip implants or screws used in the lower legs.

5. The implants' surface features make it difficult for bacteria to attach, reducing the risk of infection. Preventing implant-associated infection reduces the need for antibiotics and antibiotic overuse has led to the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, a major public health concern that has caused more than 23,000 deaths, according to the CDC.