4329.A country: tan.t.a_ran.iyam an aryan country
(tan.t.a_ran.iyattuk ko_t.pat.t.a varut.aiyai : Patir-r-up. 60, Pati.); the forest
of Dan.d.aka in Deccan, a famous resort of ascetics (Ci_vaka. 337); Deccan
forest: dan.d.aka name of a forest in the Deccan (MBh.); dam.d.aya a
forest in the South (Pkt.); dad.aya forest, wilderness (Si.)(CDIAL 6129). dad.ayam
hunting (Si.)(CDIAL 6130). tan.n.at.ai country; village in an agricultural tract (Pin-an:ku
katiralamarun. kar..an-t- tan.t.ai : Pur-ana_. 285); a small town; forest; tan.t.aka_ran.iyam
< dan.d.aka + aran.ya id. (Tiv. Periyati. 11,2,3); tan.t.akai id. (Can..
Aka.); tan.t.akam id. (Uttarara_. Campuvan-va. 65); Ton.t.aiman.t.alam,
an ancient division of the Tamil country which included the district of Arcot, Chingleput
and Nellore, with Conjeevaram as its capital; ton.t.ai-na_t.u id. (Periyapu.
Tirukkur-ippu. 4); tan.t.aka-na_t.u id. (Kampara_. A_r-ucel. 38); tan.t.akan-
< dan.d.aka a king, after whom tan.t.aka_ran.iyam and tan.t.aka-na_t.u took their
names (Kantapu. Tirunakara. 74); ton.t.ai-ma_n- ruler of ton.t.aiman.t.alam
(Pur-ana_. 95, Kur-ippu); title of certain castes, as kal.l.ar, mar-avar, pal.l.i,
ce_n.iyar (Ta.lex.) dan.d.aka name of a forest district in the Deccan
(Ka.)(Ka.lex.) ton.t.ai-man.t.ala-ve_l.a_l.ar a section of the ve_l.a_l.a caste
(Ta.lex.) dan.d.aka_ name of a celebrated district in the Deccan situated between
the rivers Narmada_ and Goda_vari_ (a vast region said to be tenantless in the time of
Ra_ma)(Skt.lex.) dan.d.a_ji_vaka a brahmaca_ri or an ascetic who uses the staff
that distinguishes him as such a one, merely to get a livelihood: a hypocrite, a deceiver;
a staff-beggar (Ka.)(Ka.lex.)

4340.Image: cross-pole for the roof of a house: tan.t.iyam
under-prop of a bracket (C.G.); lintel (Tiv. Tiruppa_. 12, Vya_.); corbel,
pur-ak ku_raiyait ta_n:kun. kat.t.ai, i.e. pole that bears the roof; tan.t.iya-k- kompu
cross-pole for the roof sloping towards the back of a house; tan.t.aya-maram
wall-bracket, ko_kka_li; tan.t.iya-maram id. (Ta.lex.) tat.ai-maram
cross-piece in a loom, used for rolling the cloth when woven (Ta.)(Ta.lex.)

4343.Stick: dan.d.a, dan.d.u, da_d.e, da_n.d.a a
stick, a staff, a rod; a pole; a cudgel (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) dan.d.a (Vedic dan.d.a,
dialectical = *dal[d]ra; (on n.: l cf. gun.a : gul.a) to *del
as in Skt. dala, dalati. cf. Latin dolare to cut, split, work in wood; delere
to destroy; Middle High German zelge twig; zol a stick.) 1. stem of a tree,
wood worked into something, e.g. a handle; 2. a stick, staff, rod, to lean on and as
support in walking; the walking-stick of a wanderer (na sakkoti vina_ dan.d.ena
a_hin.d.itun); 3. a stick as means of punishment; 4.a stick as a weapon in general,
only in certain phrases and usually in combination with sattha sword; dan.d.an
a_diyati to take up the stick, to use violence; a_dinna-dan.d.a a_dinna-sattha;
opposite of nihita-dan.d.anihita-sattha using neither stick nor sword; dan.d.a-sattha
para_masana taking up arms (stick and sword); dan.d.a-sattha-abbhukkirana drawing
a stick or sword; dan.da-sattha-abhinipa_tana attacking with stick or knife; pat.idan.d.a
retribution; 5. a fine, penalty, penance in general; dan.d.ena nikkin.a_ti to
redeem with a penalty; dan.d.adan.d.a without a stick, i.e. without force or
violence, usually in phrase adan.d.ena asatthena na_go danto mahesina_; thus of a
Cakkavattin who rules the world peacefully: pat.havin adan.d.ena asatthena dhammena
abhivijiya ajjha_vasati. dan.d.'a_da_na satth'a_da_na taking up a stick
(weapon) and sword (weapon); dan.d.a-kat.hina kat.hina cloth stretched on a stick
for the purpose of measuring; dan.d.a-di_pika_ a torch; dan.d.a-pa_n.in
carrying a staff, staff in hand; dan.d.a-va_kara_ a net on a stick, as a snare; dan.d.aka
a (small) stick, a twig; a staff, a rod; a handle; ubhhato-dan.d.aka two
handled (of a saw)(Pali.lex.)[kat.hina hard, firm, stiff; the cotton cloth which
was annually supplied by the laity to the bhikkhus for the purpose of making robes; also a
wooden frame used by the bhikkhus in sewing their robes; kat.hina-attharan.a the
dedication of the kat.hina cloth; kat.hina-attha_ra the spreading out, i.e.,
dedication of the kat.hina cloth by the people to the community of bhikkhus.
(Pali.lex.)] Army, clad in armour: sannaddha [pp. of sannayhati]
fastened, bound; put on, clothed (with); sannaddha-dussa armed, accoutred; sannaddha-dhanu-kala_pa
(Pali); sannayhati [san + nayhati] to tie, bind, fasten, to arm oneself; to
arry, arm; to arrange, fit; > sanna_ha dressing, fastening together; armour,
mail (Pali.lex.) nayhati (Vedic nahyati; Idg. *nedh as in Latin nodus
and Vedic nahu] to tie, bind; only in compounds with preposition as upanayhati
[cf. upa_hana_ sandal], pilandhati etc.--pp. naddha tied, bound,
fastened, put on. (Pali.lex.) kata-sanna_ha clad in armour (Pali.lex.)[kata
pp. of karoti done, worked, made].

4344.Image: kneeling down: dan.d.e the position of
the knees being firmly put down, or the hands (Ka.); the position of the hands when they
hold the bow and push or discharge it (Ka.)(Ka.lex.)

4361.Image:bullock: d.ha_n.d.a_ a bullock, a bull;
an ox; a foolish or stupid man; a simple man (P.lex.)

4362.Image: series, line; caravan, herd: ten.d.i
herd (Kor.); ta~_d.a_ a train or line (as of cattle), troop, party (M.)(DEDR 3055).
taran.d.i_ large herd of bullocks taken about for sale (L.); t.ran.d.ru herd
of cattle (S.)(CDIAL 5668). cf. tiral. (tiral.v-, tiran.t.-) to assemble,
congregate, collect in large numbers; terul.u to assemble (Tinn.Ta.); tirat.t.u
assemblage (Ma.); teral.ke a multitude (Ka.)(DEDR 3245). tandra row, line
(VS.S'Br.); t.ran.d.ru herd of cattle (S.); t.ran.d.ro a town built by a
chieftain and named after him (S.); taran.d.i_ large herd of bullocks taken about
for sale (L.); Image: platform: dan.d.aga, dan.d.iga, dan.d.ige a
pole set horizontally in the corner of a room and used as a shelf (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) t.an.d.
platform for storing wood above cowstall; can.d. upper part of house used as
store-room (WPah.); t.a_n. extra wooden erection on second storey of a house (Ku.);
t.a~_r. bamboo platform for sitting on (N.); platform, shelf (H.); Image:
line of cattle: t.a~_d.u~ line of bullocks, caravan, head of a series,
front, top (G.); t.a~_r.a_ line of cattle (H.); ta~_d.a_ line (of cattle,
ants, etc.), troop, company (M.); ta~_d.i_ line or string (of clothes,
etc.)(M.)(CDIAL 5668). ta~_ta_ series, line (H.)(CDIAL 5661). a_l. row (M.);
a_li_ line, row (Pkt.); row (H.); a_d.i row, line; a_li row, range,
line (Skt.); a_l.i, a_li dam (Pali); a_l.i_ row (M.); a_ri_ row
(H.)(CDIAL 1102). Image: stick, row, line: da~_d.ol., da~_dal. line,
row, long narrow building (M.)(CDIAL 6132). d.a~_r.i line (Mth.); dan.d.aka
row, line (S'a_n:khS'r.)(CDIAL 6128). Image: series, line: dan.d.am a
form of military array; an uninterrupted row or series, a line; standing upright or erect;
dan.d.a-ya_mah. an epithet of Agastya; dan.d.akah. a line, row; dan.d.a_yate_
to stand erect (like a stick); dan.d.avat erect or upright like a stick; dan.d.ika_
a row, line, series; a rope; a stick (Skt.lex.) dan.d.a row, line (S'a_n:khS'r.); d.a~_r.i
line (Mth.)(CDIAL 6128). tati extent; a series, a line, a range; a number, a crowd,
a troop; sto_ma; a sacrificial act, a ceremony (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) dan.d.a a form of
military array; a long line or column of troops (Ka.); dan.d.a-ya_tre a
line-procession: a solemn or festive procession in state or with attendants, especially a
bridal procession; warlike expedition, conquest of a region (Ka.)(Ka.lex.)

4365.Wicket: did.d.i, jid.d.i, did.d.e a wicket; a
hole in a wall expressly made for egress or ingress; a sallly port (Ka.Te.); tit.t.a
(Ta.); din.d.a, din.d.i_ (M.); did.d.i-ba_gilu a sally port; a wicket
(Ka.lex.)

4366.Those who work with bellows; sea-god: taittiyar;
for daitya: cf. taittiya-te_van- Varun.a the Sea-god; alt. since the next
class on the list is vaittiyar, by professional classification, the term daitya may
relate to those who work with bellows: titti bellows (Yaco_tara. 4,12)(Ta.);
id. (Te.Ka.Ma.Tu.); cf. dr.ti (Skt.); titti sacrificial pit (W.)(Ta.);
perh. di_pti (Skt.)(Ta.lex.)[cf. Image: rhino: taitilam <
taitila rhinoceros (Ta.lex.)]

4381.Beetle: t.rin.d.in.u beetle; t.in.d.in.i_
a kind of small beetle (S.); t.in.d.an., t.in.d.an.i_ insects of the beetle tribe
(L.); t.in.d.a_n.a_ firefly (L.); t.in.d.an. general name for beetles; tin.d.a_n.i_
a beetle which eats flowers and leaves of cucumbers and melons (P.)(CDIAL 5928).

4431.Image: two hind legs cut from the trunk: d.und.i
the two hind legs when they form one whole cut from the trunk at the waist; one hind leg
of a slain animal, when it is sundered from the other; to sunder the hind legs from the
trunk at the waist; merom d.und.ipe, taeomtee gedoka, cut off the hind quarters of the
goat, let the rest be cut up in small pieces afterwards; kula birre miad hor.oe
d.und.ikia, the tiger in the forest has left uneaten one leg or the two legs of a man; d.und.i-o
to cut asunder at the waist; d.u-n-und.i the extent to which animals are cut
asunder at the waist (Mu.)(Encyclopaedia Mundarica, p.1265).

4446.Image: yoke carried by two persons: tot.t.a_ppu
yoke for carrying a load (J.); tut.t.a_ppu carrying a load hung on a pole
between two persons; a kind of pole; cit.t.ai-maram, yoke for load carried on the
shoulders between two persons, dist. fr. ka_-maram carried by a single person (J.)(Ta.lex.)
tot.t.a_t.t.u-man.iyam minor domestic duties as of menials (J.)(Ta.lex.)

4456.Image: copper vessel: tonduru a copper vessel
for baking cakes by steam; tondareta kara an earthen vessel used in preparing a
kind of pudding called tondareta ad.ye, a kind of pudding cooked in steam (Tu.lex.)

4464.Advance: co_ntai interest, concern,
connection; advance in coin or kind given by a land-owner to his cultivating tenant in
order that the latter may remain continually attached to him (Ta.lex.) tun.t.a-k-ka_n.i-me_rai
fees in kind paid to the village officers calculated from the number of ka_n.i in a
village and the average produce per ka_n.i (M.N.A.D. I,173); tun.t.am a
small plot of field (Ta.lex.) For semant. 'thief' in ton.t.u-turavu affairs watched
by a spy or thief (Ta.) cf. tud.ugu, tud.i theft; tud.uga thief; ton.d.a
id. (Ka.); tor.kenji thief (Kui)(DEDR 3483). cf. turuval searching
(Ta.)(DEDR 3347).

4516.A seaport: to_n.i-t-tur-ai harbour, port
(Ta.lex.) ton.t.i an ancient seaport of the Cholas in Ramnad district (Cilap.
14, 107, Urai.); an ancient seaport of the Cheras in Malabar (Ain:kur-u. 178); ton.t.i
small arm of the sea (Tj.)(Ta.lex.) Image: junction: tot.uva_y
confluence or junction as of two rivers or of a river with the sea (J.)(Ta.lex.)

4530.To touch: t.ohn.a_, t.uhun.a_ to feel about,
seek out (P.); t.on.u to seek by touch (WPah.); t.ohna_ to feel for (H.); t.oh
touch, search; t.oa_ groping (H.)(CDIAL 5486). thukr.au to grope with feet; tahao
groping as with stick (Santali.lex.) tat.avu (tat.avi-) to grope, feel one's way
with hands and feet as in the dark, seek (Ta.); tar.mbar.- (tar.mbat.-) to make
one's way in the dark by groping; tar.va.t- (tar.va.ty-) to explore with hand
something out of sight or in dark; tar.k- (tar.ky) to search for
(Ko.); to.d.bor.- (to.d.bot.-) to feel way in dark (To.); tad.avu to feel
one's way with the hands, grope (K.); tavd.- (tavd.i-) to feel way in dark, search
for in dark (Kod..); tad.avu, tad.amu, tavud.u to grope, feel about with the hands,
feel for something in the dark, touch; tad.avud.u searching (Te.)(DEDR 3025). hatr.a
hatr.i, hutr.a hutr.i groping; t.amd.ao, hat.rao to grope (Santali.lex.)

4541.Image: pot: taburi a pot (Tu.lex.) taba_k
dish, tray (Kon.lex.) dabare a kind of brazen pot (Tu.lex.) tabak a cover, a
plate, a leaf, a dish; a story of a house; d.abba_ a leather oil vessel with a
large mouth; d.abbi_ a very small round wooden or metallic box, a casket in which
gems are deposited (P.lex.) tampikai a kind of small water-pot (Pirapo_ta. 11,31);
tambuga (Te.); tambige (Ka.)(Ta.lex.)

4542.To smear: tappal.am smearing, rubbing as oil;
tappal.am-po_t.utal to smear profusely as oil; tappu-tal to smear as sandal
paste; to put on and rub as cooling ingredients (Ta.lex.) tapa_lya name given to
the community of oil-mongers (Tu.lex.)

4554.Marriage party: dibban.o a bridal party
(Tu.lex.) dibban., dibban.a_ a number of people going together to a marriage-feast
(Kon.lex.) cf. dibban.a a nuptial procession, esp. of the friends and relatives of
the bridegroom; nibban.a a marriage festival with all its display, esp. with its
processions and gifts, the display of the gifts or the gifts themselves; nibban.iga
the friend or attendant or companion of a bridegroom (Ka.)(DEDR 3230). nirvapan.a
gift, donation (Skt.Ka.) (Ka.lex.) cf. tiruman.am marriage (Ta.lex.) cf. tarpan.am
offering (Skt.lex.)

4557.Image: bird-trap: dabba_ a bird-trap of
ka_na_n. reeds. One side rests on the ground; the other is raised and supported by a stick
to which a string is attached. The other end of the string is held by a concealed person
who, on seeing birds come under the trap, pulls the string, and the trap falls on them
(P.lex.) tu_pi rat-trap (Kond.a); tu_pi trap for fish, rats, etc.
(Kuwi)(DEDR 3386). t.apok, t.epok a bird trap; dhar.ap to be caught in trap
(Santali.lex.)

4560.Bier: ta_bu_tu a bier, especially that which
is carried about in the Moharam by Muhammadans (Ka.M.H.)(Ka.lex.) tu_mb, tu_mba_
bier, a frame for carrying corpses on to the grave (Kon.lex.) Ladder: ta_pa
a ladder, rung of a ladder, steps, stairs (Te.); ladder (Go.); da_pa ladder, steps,
stairs (Kond.a)(DEDR 3160A). dhap a stair, a step; t.ahuc with long steps; d.ebe
with short steps (Santali.lex.)

4561.Company: ta_pe, ta_phe a set or company as of
dancing girls and musicians (Ka.); ta_pha_ id. (M.H.)(Ka.lex.)

4562.Gong: ta_su an hour (Ka.); ta_sa id.
(M.H.); ta_su a gong (Ka.M.H.); ta_sina bat.t.alu the metal vessel by the
sinking of which in water the house is measured (Ka.lex.) ta_ppu [cf. ta_s
(U.)] expected moment, appointed time, wished-for occasion (Ta.); ta_pu (Ka.); ta_ppu
(Ma.)(Ta.lex.)

4571.Image: finger breadth: {Echo word} t.ep
a finger breadth; t.epa t.epe small,little; t.epen., t.epen. t.epen. narrow
in width and short when worn round the waist (Santali.lex.) To contract and dilate:
t.eph-t.ephrna_ to contract and dilate alternately (as a worm in its progress), go
up and down in quick succession (as the shoulder-stick of native carriers)(Kur.); t.ep-t.eptre
to flap the wings (Malt.)(DEDR 2973).

4579.Image: pot: taur.a_, ta_ur.a_ an earthen
cooking pot; a pot with a broad mouth used for water; ta_ur.i_, taur.i_ a small
earthen pot for cooking; tawa_ an iron griddle; a thin plate of iron convex on the
upper side on which bread is baked; daur an earthen vessel with a wide mouth; a
circular pot round trees for watering them; dauri_ a small earthen vessel with a
wide mouth (esp. in which spices are bruised) (P.lex.)

4580.Images: creeper; crooked tail: t.aur the name of
a vine or creeper, the leaves of which are very broad and long, and used for making
umbrellas; the crooked tail of a lion or bull (P.lex.)

4586.Name of a people: tammad.i an attendant of an
idol (Ka.); nambi a Malabar brahman (Kod..); a Vais.n.ava priest (Tu.); nambi
a class of priests employed in Vaishnava temples (Te.); nampi the elite among men,
a term of endearment, a title of inferior priests; nampan- = nampi; nampiya_n-
the title of officiating temple-priests (Ta.); nampi Vais.n.ava priests, inferior
brahmans, actors; fem. nampicci; nampiya_n a title of princes; the
steward of a pagoda (hon. nampiya_r)(Ma.); tambal.a a certain caste
(of temple priests), a caste of S'aivaite priests (Te.); tambal.i a member of that
caste; (inscr.) tammad.i, tammalava_r priest of a S'iva temple (Te.)(DEDR 3085). tampira_n-
master, lord, king (Tiv. Peruma_l.. 3,5); title of Travancore kings (Na_.);
non-brahman monk of S'aiva mutt; overseer of monks (Ta.lex.)

4622.Platform: tamukkam place where elephants are
sent together for battle; summer house, royal pavilion, as the Na_yak building at Madura
(Ta.); place where elephants fight (Ma.); taman:ga, tavaga, tavan:ga platform,
stage (Ka.); tamagamu platform, tabernacle or summer house, having no walls but a
roof on pillars (Te.); taman:ga platform (Skt.Pkt.)(DEDR 3081). cetiyan:gan.a
platform around a pagoda (Pali.lex.)

4623.Image: to seize: da_m to seize, reach (Ash.);
dam- (Kt.Bashg.); da_m to seize, bite, sting (Wg.); to seize (Gaw.)(CDIAL
6284). Dragnet: tevvalai < tevvu- + dragnet that spreads to
a distance of about 80 yards, requiring for its use 20 men, who gradually form a
semi-circle and then capture fish (Ta.lex.) Image: to seize: tevvu-tal
to seize, grasp, steal (Vina_yakapu. 80,131)(Ta.lex.)

4627.Image: hump of a bullock: timil hump of
bullock (Upate_caka_. Civapun.n.iya. 144)(Ta.)(DEDR 3239). cf. imil hump on
the withers of an Indian bull; hump on the zebu (Ci_vaka. 2437); cimir..
hump (Ta.lex.) thu_ho camel's hump (S.)(CDIAL 13712). tam.ba dew-lap of a
bullock (Si.)(CDIAL 13681). d.ubari, d.ubba, d.ubbu the hunch on the back of a
camel; the state of having a curved form, roundness (Ka.lex.)

4644.Ear of millet: dumb ear of millet (L.)(CDIAL
6419). dumb an ear of the grain called jua_r (P.lex.) dumber, dumbi_r < dabi_r
(Pers.) the person who divides the grain at the threshing floor. He is paid usually from
one to four t.opas per path of grain weighed or measured. Under the Sikh government the
revenue was taken in kind. A portion was kept apart for dumbi_r's pay. The government
appropriated one-half and the dumbi_r the other half. After annexation pat.wa_ri_s were
appointed, but the word dumbi_r is often used for a pat.wa_ri_ (P.lex.)

4645.Image: to leap; jump: dumuku, dumiku to leap
or jump down from above; dum, dhum sound in imitation of that produced by a body
going or coming down suddenly from above; dumikku, dummikku, dhummikku to leap or
jump down with the sound of dum, etc.; dhummene with the sound of dhum (Ka.); dumukuni
to jump down, alight quickly (Tu.); dumuku, du~_ku to leap, jump, leap over, leap
down from; n. a leap, jump; dumukul-a_d.u to leap or skip about, caper,
frisk (Te.); dum- (-t-) to ascend, climb; caus. dup- (-t-) (Pe.); dum-
to ascend, climb (Mand..)(DEDR 3326). Image: jump, leap: don to leap
over, to jump across: ne huan doneme; they leap for joy: sukuteko dontana; don-o to
be crossed by a jump: ne huan donoa ci ka_ donoa? Can this pit be cleared or not with a
jump?; do-n-on the extent of jumping: donone donkeda, kat.ikano cupadre kae
tonjana, he jumped so high over the scrub that he did not touch it even lightly; dodon
to jump (Encyclopaedia Mundarica, pp. 1078-1082.) don to leap, to jump, to
frisk; don bar.ae kanae: he is frisking about (Santali.lex.)

4646.Image: process of lengthening gold or silver threads:
tuma_la_ a final process in lengthening gold or silver threads (W.)(Ta.lex.)

4652.Image: footstalk of a leaf: tumbu, tod.ambe
the footstalk of a leaf, flower or fruit, a stalk (Ka.lex.)

4653.Image: to be full: tumbu to become full, to
be filled up, to become full or complete; to abound (Ka.); tuvalu, tugaru, tu_ru
(Ta.Ma.); tuvalu to be close pressed together; tuppu plenty; tumpai
host (Ta.); tumbu the becoming full; tumbisu to fill (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) tuppe
a heap; a heap of grain (Tu.lex.) t.omba, t.ombao to accumulate, as water in a
hollow etc., full; dak t.omba akana water has accumulated; tombr.e to gather
together, to assemble, to huddle; tomboe tomboe to go in a crowd (Santali.lex.) tumra
stout (RV. iii.50.1)(Vedic.lex.) A mesure of capacity: tombe a large,
high bamboo basket for storing corn (Ka.); toppai-k-ku_t.u (Ta.)(Ka.lex.) tu_mbu
(SITI) Ta., a measure of capacity; tu_mu (EI 27) a grain measure (IEG,
p.345). tu_mu a measure (Pa.); tum hollowed trunk of tree for draining water
(Go.); tu_m a measure of grain equal to four seers (Kond.a); tu_mu a measure
varying in capacity for different localities (Te.); tu_mpu tube, bamboo, bamboo
flute, a measure of capacity for grain, leathern bucket for bailing water, path, way,
narrow or difficult path, defile, pass; tu_m a dry measure of capacity (Ta.); tumba
measure (of paddy)(Ir.)(DEDR 3389). dumber, dumbi_r < dabi_r (Pers.) the
person who divides the grain at the threshing-floor. He is paid usually from one to four
t.opa_s per path of grain weighed or measured. Under the Sikh Government the revenue was
taken in kind. A portion was set apart for the dumbi_r's pay. The government
appropriated one-half and the dumbi_r the other half. After annexation pat.wa_ri_s
were appointed, but the word dumbi_r is often used for a pat.wa_ri_. cf. d.u_m
the name of a caste of Muhammadan musicians and bards (P.lex.) t.um small,
insignificant, frivolous; tumal to glean; tumal tasan., tumal tosan.
gleaning, poor, indigent; tumal tasan.teko asulok gana they live by gleaning; t.uman.
an earthen pot larger than a celan. and smaller than a t.ukuc (t.ukuc t.ukuce daka
akata she has cooked several pots of rice); tumba, tumbr.i a water bottle made
out of a hollowed gourd; tumba dakfig. urine; tumbri a small drum
used by snake charmers and made out of a hollow gourd (Santali.lex.) t.omt.ombao to
the brim, full to the brim; band perec t.omt.ombacena the tank is full to the brim
(Santali.lex.)

4656.Land gifted; free of assessment: to_mpu
public register of lands (W.)(Ta.lex.) tumpa_l < dumba_l (U.) inam land
held free of assessment or at a favourable rent (W.); tuma_l, tuma_la_ id.
(Ta.lex.) tumpa_la-ma_n-iyam Inam land held free of assessment or at a favourable
rent, ma_n-iya-pu_mi (W.G.); tumpa_la_-ina_m id. (R.T.); tumpa_la_-ma_n-iyam
id. (R.T.); tumpa_la_ an order giving up the government share of produce (R.T.)(Ta.lex.)
cf. in-a_m < ina_m (U.) gift from a superior to an inferior, present, reward;
grant of land made by government for religious or charitable purposes or for services
rendered, sometimes given rent-free and sometimes with a light quit-rent, ma_n-iyam; in-a_m-can-a_m
< ina_m (U.); redupl. small gift, present, baksheesh; in-a_m-ta_r < ina_m
+ da_r holder of land granted rent-free; in-a_yat-na_ma_ < ina_yat +
na_ma deed of gift; grant in writing; written order or patent from a superior (R.F.)(Ta.lex.)
cf. en-a_ti an ancient title conferred by a king on his minister (Man.i. 22,205);
general; soldier, warrior (Ta.lex.) Distribution of honours and rewards: tumpai-y-aravam
theme describing a king distributing honours and rewards to his troops after a victory (Pu.
Ve. 7,2)(Ta.lex.) Warrior: tumpai major theme of a king or
warrior heroically fighting against his enemy (Tol. Po. 70); tumpai-t-tin-ai
id.; tumpai battle (Kampara_. Pirama_. 113)(Ta.lex.) Valour:
tumpai flower toombay [cf. ka_ci-t-tumpai]; a garland of flowers worn by
warriors when engaged in battle, as a mark of their valour (tod.iyan.ito_ l.a_t.avar
tumpai punaiya : Pu.ve.10,2)(Ta.lex.); tumpai-y-aravam theme
describing a king distributing honours and rewards to his troops after a victory; tumpai-ma_lai
panegyric on a warrior who has fought valiantly against his enemy, wearing a tumpai
garland (Ton-. Vi. 283, Urai.)(Ta.); tumilam < tumula din, tumult (Tiv.
Periya_r... 3,8,3); tumulam confusion (Ta.lex.) tumula tumultuous,
noisy; fierce, raging; excited; perplexed, confused; an uproar, tumult, clang; a confused
combat, melee; tumbu_ to distress, trouble; to kill, hurt (Skt.lex.) timilam
great noise, tumult (Tiruva_ca. 29,4)(Ta.lex.)

4657.Image: to bore: top to bore; to prick, to
thrust (Kon.lex.) to_pad.e (a pusher): a carpenter's plane (Ka.); to_pad.e,
to_pud.u (Te.); to_pu a push; to_pudz.u id. (Te.)(Ka.lex.) tumbu,
tu_bu a bore, a tube: the nave of a wheel through which the axle passes (Ka.); tu_mpu
perforation; a pipe or tube (Ta.Ma.); tu_mu a bore, hole, fissure (Te.)(Ka.lex.)

4658.Image: nave of a wheel: tumbu, tu_bu a bore,
a tube: the nave of a wheel through which the axle passes (Ka.); tu_mpu
perforation; a pipe or tube (Ta.Ma.)(Ka.lex.) Image: a bore: tu_mu a
bore, hole, fissure (Te.)(Ka.lex.) d.ombu a hole or deep part in a river or tank
(Ka.); d.o_ha (M.)(Ka.lex.) Image: hole: tu_mpu small hole in
a wall (Tu.); narrow or difficult path, defile, pass (Ta.); tu_bu hole or eye of an
axe, hoe etc. into which the handle goes (Ka.); tumbu a bore, tube (Ka.); tu_mbara
eye of a spade; tu_mbaru big hole; tu_b hole; sumb small hole in a
wall (Tu.); tu_paramu hole (Te.); tu_mu bore, hole (Te.)(DEDR 3389). do_pa
to put within, insert, introduce, plunge into (Kui); do' to put hand into something
(water, etc.)(Kuwi); do~_pu to put or thrust in, insert, introduce (Te.); do~_gu
to enter into, make a passage in the wall (Te.)(DEDR 3554). Image: sluice: tu_bu
sluice (Ka.)(DEDR 3389). t.obha an unwalled tank, a pond, a pool; a diver (P.lex.) tumbu
an outlet, a sluice, a floodgate, a water-course (Ka.); tu_mpu (Ma.); tu_mu
(Te.); tumbuvariyisu to cause (something) to overflow a floodgate (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) tumb,
tumba_ a drain, a covered sluice (Kon.lex.) sumbe a small hole in a wall
(Tu.lex.)

4667.Wood-oil tree: en.n.ey Malabar wood-oil tree,
having oil in the pores of the wood, dipterocarpus indicus (L.)(Ta.); oil;
gingili oil (Ta.); en.n.e (Ka.Tu.); en.n.a (Ma.); en.n.ai-var..ukku
oleaginousness, greasiness; oily brightness (Ta.)(Ta.lex.) Dipterocarpus alatus: garjan
(B.); garjan-ka-tel (H.); yennai (Ta.); habitat: several species of
dipterocarpus plants grow in Chittagong, Burma and Siam; part used: essential oil; plant
yields an oleoresinous extract popularly known as 'gurjanbalsam' or 'wood-oil'; oil has a
pale grey or light brown colour and may be as thick as honey. It resembles copaiba balsam;
preparation: balsam... a substitute for oil of copaiba... the 'gurjan oil' procurable in
Indian bazars, is chiefly the product of dipterocarpus laevis and dipterocarpus
alatus (Indian Materia Medica, p. 455). Dipterocarpus tuberculatus: eng
(Burmese); found in Chittagong and Burma, which yields as oleo-resin is used with
asafoetida and cocoanut oil as an application for large ulcers... Dipterocarpus
turbinatus, dipterocarpus incanus, dipterocarpus laevis, dipterocarpus alatus: gurjun-oil,
wood oil (Eng.); garjan (H.B.) tihya-garjan, teli-garjan (H.B.); horatel
(Si.); gurjun (M.); kanyensi (Burm.); duhun-el-garjan (M.); yennar,
challani (Ta.); habitat: forests of eastern India from Bengal, Burma to Singapore;
parts used: oleo-resin (balsamic exudation from the trunk). This thick honey-like
oleo-resin or liquid is known as garjan balsam. It is usually found in the bazars in three
principal varieties: the pale, the red or reddish brown and the black or dark-brown... has
copaiba-like odour and taste without the persistent acriditiy of copaiba... balsam... used
in chronic bronchitis... oil... used in gonorrhoea... oleo-resin is applied to indolent
ulcers, psoriasis, leprosy etc., in the form of an emultion or ointment... Dipterocarpus
indicus: ennei (Ta.) resin is used in rheumatism (Indian Materia Medica,
pp. 455-457). Shorea tumbuggaia: kala-damar (H.B.M.Deccan); karappu-damar,
tumbugai-pishin (Ta.); nalha-damar (Te.); kara-kundurukam (Ma.); is a
tree of the western peninsula found in forests of Cuddapah, Palghat and Mysore. Resin is
an external stimulant, a good basis for some plasters and ointments... Resin is used as a
substitute for burgandy pitch. (Indian Materia Medica, p. 1133).

4682.A bond: t.ombu_ a note, a small letter, an
order, a draft; t.ombu_ karna_ to give an order in writing; t.ombu_ ta_rn.a_
to pay a bill (P.lex.) tamassak a note of hand, a bond, a receipt; a written
acknowledgement (P.lex.) tamacu_k < tamassuk (Arabic) bond, note of hand (W.)
(Ta.lex.) tamasu_ku a note of hand, a bond (Ka.); tama_su_ka (M.H.)
(Ka.lex.)

4684.Image: dice: da_ya a kind of backgammon
(Ka.); ta_yam (Ta.Ma.); da_ya a throw of dice (Ka.); d.a_va a game at
chess etc.; a throw of dice; a hand at cards (M.H.); cauka-duga four times (a throw
of) two dice of which both exhibit the number one; cauka-da_ya a throw of dice that
exhibits the even numbers from 4-12, one exceeding the other at the rate of four
(Ka.)(Ka.lex.) Image: squares for playing dice: ta_yakkat.t.am
squares for playing dice; ta_yama_t.utal to play dice; to play the child's game of
ta_yam (Ta.lex.) ta_yam a fall of the dice (Kalit.136,Urai); cubical pieces
in dice-play; number one in the game of dice; a child's game played with seeds or shells
on the ground; ta_yan:ku_r-utal to call out the required number in throwing dice; ta_yakkat.t.ai
dice (Ta.lex.)