Stimulated Diving and Heart Rate

1.) If the peripheral blood vessels were constricted without making any other further adjustments in the cardiovascular system then the blood vessels could potentially burst due to the built up pressure and no further decrease in heart rate. The vessels would be smaller due to the constriction but the heart would continue to pump the blood with the same or greater force. The dive response prevents this from happening because it lowers the heart rate so that a lesser quantity of blood is pumped out through the constricted arteries. 2.) Order of animals based on how well developed the dive response should be, with reasoning: 1.)Tadpole-should not have an exaggerated diving response because it has gills and lives in an aquatic environment until adulthood, in which the gills turn to lungs. 2.)Frog-the frogs diving response should be small, because even though it does not have gills, it can still absorb oxygen in water through its skin. Many frogs also spend long periods of time in water, such as hibernation. 3.)Northern Freshwater Turtle-even though the turtle is a terrestrial animal, it spends very long periods of time in the water 4.)Alligator-alligators are large and require a lot of oxygen, therefore their diving response should be greater then the previous animals even though they live in water or near it. 5.)Muskrat- is a semi aquatic animal, and dives in search of food such as crayfish mollusk, fish and small turtles. 6.)Humans: are completely terrestrial, and have are of large size, which would require a large amount of oxygen consumption.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

...Heartrate investigation
Research statement: To investigate, how diabetes affect a person’s heartrate during physical exercise.
Background information:
Heartrate :
Heartrate is the number of time a persons heartbeats per unit of time, usually measured in BPM (beats per minute). Heartrate is measured by finding the pulse on body, usually taken from carotid artery, which supplies blood to the head and the neck and radial artery, which Is located on your wrist below your thumb
Average heartrate :
The average heart beats over two billion times in a lifetime! The normal heartrate for average adults ranges between 60 to 100 beats per minute. When you are sleeping your rate will be lower - it's not uncommon to see a resting heartrate of 50 - 90 beats per minute in a sleeping adult.
Digestive system :
Almost all animals have a tube-type digestive system in which food enters the mouth, passes through a long tube, and exits as feces (poop) through the anus. The smooth muscle in the walls of the tube-shaped digestive organs rhythmically and efficiently moves the food through the system, where it is broken down into tiny absorbable atoms and molecules.
During the process of absorption, nutrients that come...

...
Factors Affecting HeartRate, Respiratory Rate, and Blood Pressure
By
Ann-Geyn PanganFor Michele MacKenieInvestigative Team:Biology 0993Nejat MuradOctober 14, 2014Jenn SakelariouIntroduction
In class we studied circulatory system, especially the heart that plays a large part in human. We learned and analyzed its part and function in the body. The purpose of this experiment is to compare the readings of how the heartrate, respiratory rate and blood pressure respond to increasing levels of physical activity.
Hypotheses
If I compare my systolic pressure after 1 minute of exercising with increasing levels of physical activity, then I expect that my systolic pressure will increase because more pressure is exerted on the walls of the blood vessels by the blood being pushed faster through at every beat of the heart to reach the muscles. (Miller ad Levine, 2002; Livestrong 2014)
If I compare my diastolic pressure after 1 minute of exercising with increasing level of physical activity, then I expect that my diastolic pressure will change minimally because as the blood being pushed faster the arteries start to dilate to make more space for the blood returning to heart to meet muscles increased oxygen demand. (Miller ad Levine, 2002; Livestrong 2014)
If I compare my heartrate (pulse) after 1 minute of exercising with...

...Cardiovascular System: The Heart
Purpose
Explain why you did this exercise. Where there any safety precautions you needed to follow? If so, what were they?
The safety precautions in this exercise were to wear goggles and gloves due to being exposed to chemicals and dissection of the sheep and cat heart. Appropriate work space was also required.
Exercise 1: Microscopic Anatomy of Cardiac Muscle
Observations
Sketch and label your slide in the space provided. Include a description of the structures you observed on the slide.
See attached picture labeled cardiac muscle
Questions
A. What are some unique structural features of cardiac muscle?
Cardiac muscle is essentially limited to the heart, though it extends slightly into the nearby blood vessels. It too, is striated, but it differs from skeletal muscle. As far as the features, the cells are much shorter, so they are called myocytes rather than fibers. Cardiac muscle is considered involuntary because it is not usually under conscious control; it contracts even if all nerve connections to it are severed.
B. What are intercalated discs and what do they do?
Intercalated disks are cross-bands that separate the opposing ends of cardiac muscle cells. These bands are the result of elaborate junctions of membranes at the cell's...

...Effect of Exercise on HeartRate.
Aim:
The aim of this experiment is to find out how different intensities of exercise effect the heartrate I will measure it in beats per minute using a polar heartrate monitor.
Hypothesis:
I predict that as I increase the intensity of the exercise I do, that my heartrate will increase. This is because as I exercise more intensely I will need more blood to my muscles to supply oxygen and take away carbon dioxide; therefore my heart is going to have to beat faster to keep up with oxygen demand, so oxygen debt doesn't occur and so that carbon dioxide can be taken away as it is a waste product.
Variable to manipulate:
For this I can use one of three choices these are;-1. Work rate, as in the speed I will go on the running machine and change for different intensities.
-2. Time of work, meaning how long I will work for, and change for different time intensities.
-3. The work load I will run with. I could change this for different intensities.
I will use the work rate as my variable to manipulate; therefore I will be changing the speed at which I run in Km/h. This means that I will not change the time I work for or the work load I work with.
Variables to remain constant:
I will keep through out my experiment four constant variables, these are the following; the heat, I will keep...

...caffeine on the heartrate
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the caffeine on the heartrate of living organisms.
INTRODUCTION:
* Daphnia
Daphnia are small, planktonic crustaceans, between 0.2 and 5 mm in length. Daphnia are members of the order Cladocera, and are one of the several small aquatic crustaceans commonly called water fleas because of their saltatory swimming style (although fleas are insects and thus only very distantly related). They live in various aquatic environments ranging from acidic swamps to freshwater lakes, ponds, streams and rivers.In the water flea Daphnia, the single, small heart is easily visible when viewed under transmitted light under a low power microscope. Even under relatively low power microscopy, the feeding mechanism can be observed, with immature young moving in the brood-pouch; moreover, the eye being moved by the ciliary muscles can be seen, as well as bloodcorpuscles being pumped around the circulatory system by the simple heart. The heart is at the top of the back, just behind the head, and the average heartrate is approximately 180 bpm under normal conditions. The heartrate (which can be up to 300 beats per minute) can be monitored and counted in different conditions – for example changing water temperature, or changing the type and concentration...

...in the Cardiovascular System
As we age, certain changes in the heart are inevitable. Even in the absence of disease, the wall of the heart thickens, heartrate slows, maximum heartrate declines, and the heart doesn’t pump as efficiently as it once did. Health problems, such as hypertension, coronary disease, congestive heart failure, and myocardial infraction are more common in the elderly and aggravate age- related degenerative change in the circulatory system and that’s why I’m here to talk to you today (Unknown 2012). Age-related change doesn’t only affect your body parts but your internal organs and body systems as well. As we age, we never think about our heart giving out on us are will stop pumping, but the reality for example, just as your eyes weaken and produce less tears your heart weakens too as you get older. We put more and more strain on our hearts, making the heart having to work ten times harder.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease. I’m here to tell you all, it’s the leading cause of deaths in the United States in both women and men. (CAD) happens when the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle becomes harden and narrowed. This is due to the buildup of cholesterol and/or plaque on the inner walls (MedlinePlus, 2012). To...

...Effect of Exercise on HeartRate
The aim of this investigation is to find out how different types of
exercise can affect my heartrate.
To measure and record my heartrate, I am going to undergo an
experimental test. I am going to do 3 different types of exercise:
walking, light jog and lastly hard running. First, I will draw out a
table to record my results, and then I will measure my resting heartrate for one minute. To make the experiment as accurate as possible, I
will take and record each exercise, including my resting heartrate, 3
times to increase precision and to make sure each recording is exact.
Initially, I am going to measure my resting heartrate 3 times for one
minute. Each time I get my reading, I will record it into the table.
My first exercise that I will carry out is going to be walking. I am
going to walk for exactly one minute, and after that minute, I will
measure and record my heartrate 3 times, also for one minute. I will
rest for 5 minutes after each exercise in order to get my heartrate
back to its resting pace. After my heartrate is back to its normal
resting pace, I will take my second exercise, which is a light jog. I
will lightly jog continuously for...

...﻿1.0 Introduction
Inventories are essential for keeping the production wheels moving; keep the market going and the distribution system intact. They serve as lubrication and spring for the production and distribution systems of organizations. Inventories make possible the smooth and efficient operation of manufacturing organizations by decoupling individual segments of the total operation. Purchased parts inventory permits activities of the purchasing and supply department personnel to be planned, controlled and concluded somewhat independently of shop-product operations. These inventories allow additional flexibility for suppliers in planning, producing and delivering an order for a given product’s part.
Inventory is essential to organization for production activities, maintenance of plant and machinery as well as other operational requirements. This results in tying up of money or capital which could have been used more productively. The management of an organization becomes very concerned in inventory stocks are high. Inventory is part of the company assets and is always reflected in the company’s balance sheet. This therefore calls for its close scrutiny by management.
The importance of inventory systems is to keep track of the flow of goods. Inventory systems are designed to tell you where each product is going, how much is being sold, when you need to order more, and which products produce the greatest profit. Those are the basics, and there are lots of more...