For water heating, a shift towards electric and heat pump water heaters is much needed and currently taking place. How do these integrate with the HEMS of today and tomorrow? For space heating, Air Source Heat Pumps are a great electric efficient option, but do they integrate with HEMS? How can we work to improve this integration?

As electric vehicles, residential-scale battery storage, and rooftop solar enter the homes of the future, how can the smart home technologies meet them and optimize their usage? Will the thermostat be the brain of the future smart home? How can today's HEMS ensure a low-carbon, strategically electric home is smart?

Many states have large coverage of smart meters, though several states do not. How can the data from smart devices help mesh with or, in some cases, supplement the data from smart meters to ensure optimization of home energy resources? What are the pros and cons?