Values that characterise public service form the foundation for the ethical image of the entire country and thereby serve as reference points for the society as a whole. For this reason, a clearly defined set of values must be determined for public service, providing its common ethical anchor points, as well as concrete guidelines for acting in different situations. It is a recurring study, first conducted in 2005, with a goal to follow the trends in value attitudes and to map main ethical conflicts and problems that public service faces daily, but also to identify the expectations of public servants in prevention of those conflicts and problems.

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The number of permanently incapacitated people in Estonia has increased significantly and has reached 10 per cent of the working-age population. Permanent loss of ability to work will result in a limited participation in work life, lower-paid jobs or a total exclusion from the job market. This will mean a lower income in addition to damaged health. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the links between temporary and permanent loss of ability to work, between the job environment and working conditions and the development of incapacity, and the risks involved in employing incapacitated people.