secularisation

Secularisation is measured on Church attendance. Disengagement- Church is less involved in social lives- politics- the media is more influential, religion is more symbolic. R. is more privatised, CRIT-poor need R for edu&health, media shows R. issues

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Weber (pro)

Rationalisation- rational thinking is replacing religious ones. Disenchantment- magical, religious and spiritual are being replaced by rational mode, scientific law is taking over.

There are 2 results of secularisation: cultural defence- religion is central to defence to group, fundamentalists, eg the Iranian revolotuion, cultural transition- helps when moving country, provides stability, and sense of community

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Parsons (pro)

Structural differentiation- in pre industrial society, church dominated society. But in late modern society, specialised institutions have taken over, eg schools, hospitals, social services.

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Berger (pro)

Religions diversity causes too much choice, people don't know who has the one sacred view, as many religions claim monopoly.

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Lyon (pro)

Has the idea that religion has modified its self to be packaged and marketed to compete with leisure products, eg the 'electronic church'

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Lyotard (pro)

meta narratives (religion) are losing their power to influence peoples thoughts in a postmodern society. People are taking control of their own lives, less willing to listen to religious authority

There is some resacrilisation, people are shifting from traditional religion, to self spirituality,religious belief isn't disappearing, simply being transformed.

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Davie (anti)

Believing without belonging- religions practice is now taking place in the home, rather than place of worship, people now have more obligations eg family, work. 'Vicarious religion' is when professional clergy practice religion on behalf of people

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Bruce (anti)

There is a growth in fundamentalists. They promote their religion and dedicate themselves to the religion, following their holy book.

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Norris & Inglehart (anti)

Religion meets the need for security, mostly from wc societies as they are more at risk to poverty, disease etc. this explains why 3rd world countries are more religious than the richer western societies.

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Martin (anti)

Since there has never been a 'golden age of religion', no peak era, it isnt correct to say that society has lost religion.

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Card 4

Front

There are 2 results of secularisation: cultural defence- religion is central to defence to group, fundamentalists, eg the Iranian revolotuion, cultural transition- helps when moving country, provides stability, and sense of community

Back

Card 5

Front

Structural differentiation- in pre industrial society, church dominated society. But in late modern society, specialised institutions have taken over, eg schools, hospitals, social services.