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Analog Cable Tv Headend Architecture or Analog Catv Headend

Analog Headend System

Traditionally We were using the Analog Headend system. So in 860Mhz the maximum number of channels which analog headend system supports are 106.

As we all know number of channels are growing day by day. So it was not possible to provide more than 106 tv channels in analog headend system. Then we need to go for Digital Headend System.

But in this article we will describe the Analog Headend System only.

In analog headend system we need to have RF from dishes and then put them into the decoders. These decoders provides the Composite Video Signal. Now instead of encoders we insert this Composite Video Signal into Modulators directly.

These modulators are having different frequencies. Analog headend frequency chart is mentioned below,

PAL B/G FREQUENCY CHART

SR.NO.

CHANNEL

CARRIERS

SL.NO.

CHANNEL

CARRIERS

VIDEO MHz

AUDIO MHz

VIDEO MHz

AUDIO MHz

BAND I

U H F

1

E2

48.25

53.75

58

UHF21

471.25

476.75

2

E3

55.25

60.75

59

UHF22

479.25

484.75

3

E4

62.25

67.75

60

UHF23

487.25

492.75

MID BAND

61

UHF24

495.25

500.75

4

X

69.25

74.75

62

UHF25

503.25

508.75

5

Y

76.25

81.75

63

UHF26

511.25

516.75

6

Z

83.25

88.75

64

UHF27

519.25

524.75

7

Z+1

90.25

95.75

65

UHF28

527.25

532.75

8

Z+2

97.25

102.75

66

UHF29

535.25

540.75

9

S1

105.25

110.75

67

UHF30

543.25

548.75

10

S2

112.25

117.75

68

UHF31

551.25

556.75

11

S3

119.25

124.75

69

UHF32

559.25

564.75

12

S4

126.25

131.75

70

UHF33

567.25

572.75

13

S5

133.25

138.75

71

UHF34

575.25

580.75

14

S6

140.25

145.75

72

UHF35

583.25

588.75

15

S7

147.25

152.75

73

UHF36

591.25

596.75

16

S8

154.25

159.75

74

UHF37

599.25

604.75

17

S9

161.25

166.75

75

UHF38

607.25

612.75

18

S10

168.25

173.75

76

UHF39

615.25

620.75

BAND III

77

UHF40

623.25

628.75

19

E5

175.25

180.75

78

UHF41

631.25

636.75

20

E6

182.25

187.75

79

UHF42

639.25

644.75

21

E7

189.25

194.75

80

UHF43

647.25

652.75

22

E8

196.25

201.75

81

UHF44

655.25

660.75

23

E9

203.25

208.75

82

UHF45

663.25

668.75

24

E10

210.25

215.75

83

UHF46

671.25

676.75

25

E11

217.25

222.75

84

UHF47

679.25

684.75

26

E12

224.25

229.75

85

UHF48

687.25

692.75

S U P E R B A N D

86

UHF49

695.25

700.75

27

S11

231.25

236.75

87

UHF50

703.25

708.75

28

S12

238.25

243.75

88

UHF51

711.25

716.75

29

S13

245.25

250.75

89

UHF52

719.25

724.75

30

S14

252.25

257.75

90

UHF53

727.25

732.75

31

S15

259.25

264.75

91

UHF54

735.25

740.75

32

S16

266.25

271.75

92

UHF55

743.25

748.75

33

S17

273.25

278.75

93

UHF56

751.25

756.75

34

S18

280.25

285.75

94

UHF57

759.25

764.75

35

S19

287.25

292.75

95

UHF58

767.25

772.75

36

S20

294.25

299.75

96

UHF59

775.25

780.75

H Y P E R B A N D

97

UHF60

783.25

788.75

37

S21

303.25

308.75

98

UHF61

791.25

796.75

38

S22

311.25

316.75

99

UHF62

799.25

804.75

39

S23

319.25

324.75

100

UHF63

807.25

812.75

40

S24

327.25

332.75

101

UHF64

815.25

820.75

41

S25

335.25

340.75

102

UHF65

823.25

828.75

42

S26

343.25

348.75

103

UHF66

831.25

836.75

43

S27

351.25

356.75

104

UHF67

839.25

844.75

44

S28

359.25

364.75

105

UHF68

847.25

852.75

45

S29

367.25

372.75

106

UHF69

855.25

860.75

46

S30

375.25

380.75

47

S31

383.25

388.75

48

S32

391.25

396.75

49

S33

399.25

404.75

50

S34

407.25

412.75

51

S35

415.25

420.75

52

S36

423.25

428.75

53

S37

431.25

436.75

54

S38

439.25

444.75

55

S39

447.25

452.75

56

S40

455.25

460.75

57

S41

463.25

468.75

As you can see above in table there are total 106 channels are available for analog headend system. So there are one particular modulator for one particular frequency.

These modulators are having Composite Video Signal as input and RF signal as output for particular frequency. All the outputs from these modulators are combined together via combiner and then single output goes into the splitter. This splitter split the output for different transmitters.

Analog Headend System Diagram

So transmitters are having RF input and gives Optical Fiber output.These optical fibers are deployed in different locations for Cable Operators.

At the LCO or Operator end we install a NODE. This node takes optical input and gives RF output. We gives Power Supply input also to the node as supply.Thus output of node goes into the amplifiers as input. Then amplifiers amplify the signal and gives amplified output. This output goes into the set up box as RF Input at subscriber end.