Intel Quark SoC X1000 ProcessorsFormerly Known as Clanton

Intel's Quark SoC X1000 Processors are the first product in a new roadmap of innovative, small core products targeted at rapidly growing areas ranging from industrial IoT to wearables. It will bring low power and Intel compute capabilities for thermally constrained, fanless, and headless applications. With its security and manageability features, this SoC is ideally suited for the Internet of Things (IoT) and for the next wave of cost-effective intelligent connected devices. Featuring secure boot, extended lifecycle support, extended temperature and ECC, this processor offers an excellent solution for embedded market segments such as transportation, energy, and commercial and industrial control. The processor remains software compatible with previous 32-bit Intel architecture and complementary silicon. This Pentium ISA compatible, single-core, single-threaded SoC offers rich I/O capabilities and flexibility via high bandwidth interfaces such as PCI Express and USB 2.0 and offers the interfaces for a broad range of connectivity options such as two Ethernet interfaces on chip and interfaces to connect Cellular, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and other connectivity options. Using SD/SDIO/eMMC card interfaces, SPI, UART, and GPIO ports, the SoC connects seamlessly to sensors and various memory options.

Galileo is a microcontroller board based on the Intel® Quark SoC X1000 Application Processor, a 32-bit Intel Pentium-class system on a chip (datasheet). It's the first board based on Intel architecture designed to be hardware and software pin-compatible with Arduino shields designed for the Uno R3. Digital pins 0 to 13 (and the adjacent AREF and GND pins), Analog inputs 0 to 5, the power header, ICSP header, and the UART port pins (0 and 1), are all in the same locations as on the Arduino Uno R3. This is also known as the Arduino 1.0 pinout.

Galileo is designed to support shields that operate at either 3.3V or 5V. The core operating voltage of Galileo is 3.3V. However, a jumper on the board enables voltage translation to 5V at the I/O pins. This provides support for 5V Uno shields and is the default behavior. By switching the jumper position, the voltage translation can be disabled to provide 3.3V operation at the I/O pins.

Of course, the Galileo board is also software compatible with the Arduino Software Development Environment (IDE), which makes usability and introduction a snap. In addition to Arduino hardware and software compatibility, the Galileo board has several PC industry standard I/O ports and features to expand native usage and capabilities beyond the Arduino shield ecosystem. A full sized mini-PCI Express slot, 100Mb Ethernet port, Micro-SD slot, RS-232 serial port, USB Host port, USB Client port, and 8MByte NOR flash come standard on the board.

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