Rachel Brand has been the Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General in
the Office of Legal Policy of the United
States Department of Justice since July 27, 2003. In this position, she assists
with the development and implementation of a variety of civil and criminal policy
initiatives, the President's judicial nominations, and the management of the
Office. She focuses particularly on issues related to the war on terrorism.

Rachel previously served as an Associate Counsel to the President in the
White House and, prior to that, was associated with the law firm Cooper, Carvin &
Rosenthal. She clerked for U.S. Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy and
Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court Justice Charles Fried. Rachel received her
J.D. from Harvard Law School, where she was Deputy Editor-in-Chief of the Harvard
Journal of Law and Public Policy, and received her B.A. from the University of
Minnesota.

David L. Dill is a Professor of Computer Science and, by courtesy, Electrical
Engineering at Stanford University. He has been on the faculty at Stanford since
1987.

His primary research interests relate to the theory and application of formal
verification techniques to system designs, including hardware, protocols, and
software. From July 1995 to September 1996, he was Chief Scientist at 0-In Design
Automation. He was named a Fellow of the IEEE in 2001 for his contributions to
verification of circuits and systems.

In the last year, Prof. Dill entered the debate on electronic voting with the
"Resolution on Electronic Voting", which has been endorsed by many computer
technologists, as well as political scientists, lawyers, and other individuals.
He served on the California Secretary of State's Ad Hoc Task Force on Touch-Screen
Voting, he is on the IEEE P1583 voting standards committee, and is a member of the
DRE Citizen's Oversight Committee for Santa Clara County, California.

Since the mid-1980s, Brewster has focused on developing transformational
technologies for information discovery and digital libraries. In 1989 Brewster
invented the Internet's first publishing system, WAIS (Wide Area Information
Server) system and in 1989, founded WAIS Inc., a pioneering electronic publishing
company that was sold to America Online in 1995. In 1996, Brewster founded Internet
Archive, the largest publicly accessible, privately funded digital archive in the
world. At the same time, he co-founded Alexa Internet in April 1996, which was sold
to Amazon.com in 1999. Alexa's services are bundled into more than 80% of Web
browsers.

Brewster earned a B.S. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in
1982. As a student, he studied artificial intelligence with Marvin Minsky and W.
Daniel Hillis. In 1983, Brewster helped start Thinking Machines, a parallel
supercomputer maker, serving there as lead engineer for six years. He is profiled
in Digerati: Encounters with the Cyber Elite (HardWired, 1996). He was selected as
a member of the Upside 100 in 1997, Micro Times 100 in 1996 and 1997, and Computer
Week 100 in 1995.

Prior to joining Hunton & Williams, Mr. Abrams served as Vice
President of Information Policy and Privacy at Experian, where he led the
company's global fair information practices programs and developed the values
approach to privacy.

Linda Ackerman is the staff counsel for PrivacyActivism, a nonprofit consumer
group. PrivacyActivism's principle goal is to to make people more aware of the
privacy issues that affect their daily lives, inlcuding the widespread
dissemination of their personal information. One of the main issues PrivacyActivism
addresses is CAPPS II, the proposed passenger screening system that will profile
all airline passengers and rate them as security risks.
Linda is a sole practitioner in immigration law and maintains an interest in issues
of privacy and technology. Her most recent paper in the field, written for Docomo,
concerns regulation of wireless location information:
http://www.docomolabs-usa.com/pdf/DCL-TR2003-001.pdf

She received her undergraduate degree at Mt. Holyoke College, has a JD from St.
Louis University Law School, and an MA in history from San Francisco State
University.

- Tutorial 1: Who Are You? The Basics of Identity, Authentication and
Privacy Today

Khaja Ahmed is currently the Chief Architect of Microsoft's .NET Passport
service. In this role, he is responsible for the architecture of the Identity
Management and authentication service for all MSN and partner services. He is also
Microsoft's representative on the Electronic Authentication Partnership which is
working on authentication solution for eGovernment services. Khaja is also
involved in a company wide, cross group effort to shape and evolve Microsoft's
Identity Management strategy. Prior to joining Microsoft, Khaja was VP of Software
Engineering at Cavium Networks, a semiconductor company making 3rd generation
security processors. At Cavium, he co-developed the architecture for the on-chip
secure key management for Cavium's security processors. Prior to that, he was the
CTO of Identrus, a banking association of 60+ of the world's largest banks building
a PKI based, B2B eCommerce trust infrastructure.

Khaja has been in the domain of information security since 1990 and in the
computer Industry since 1986. Other information security companies he has worked
for in the past include Datamedia Corporation, Axent Technologies and ValiCert Inc.
He is actively involved in the development of security standards (within and
outside of Microsoft) that encompass management of Identities and their attributes.
Over the last dozen plus years he has been involved in designing, implementing and
integrating a range of security solutions and services for fortune 500 companies,
Financial Institutions, Healthcare as well as various security sensitive
departments of the US Federal Government and other countries.

Kim Alexander is president of the California Voter Foundation (CVF), a
nonprofit, nonpartisan organization she started in 1994 to advance new
technologies to improve democracy.

Over the past decade, Alexander has led pioneering efforts to develop
the Internet into an effective tool for voter education and campaign finance
disclosure in California and beyond. Her interest in democracy and technology led
her to become involved with voting technology. In 1999 she served on California's
Internet Voting Task Force which in 2000 issued the first comprehensive study of
Internet voting security and concluded that the Internet was not yet a safe place
for securely transacting ballots. In 2003 she served on the California Secretary
of State's Ad Hoc Touch Screen Voting Task Force. The task force report included
a minority opinion, offered by Alexander and two computer scientists and
ultimately adopted by the California Secretary of State to require that
computerized voting systems include a voter verified paper audit trail.

In 2001, Alexander was named one of the "25 People Changing the World of
the Internet and Politics" by Harvard University, the American Association of
Political Consultants and Politics Online. Her organization's web site, www.calvoter.org, won the prestigious Webby
Award in 1999 and provides a wealth of information about voting technology,
California elections, campaign disclosure and voter privacy.

Kim Alexander is a 1988 graduate of the University of California,
Santa Barbara, with degrees in political science and philosophy.

- Concurrent 12: Next Generation Democracy: The Internet, Young Voters,
and Election 2004

David M. Anderson is Executive Director of Youth04 http://www.youth04.org, a nonpartisan project of
the Center for Democracy and Technology that is empowering 18-25 year olds in
Election 2004 by synthesizing the best of the Internet and the best of traditional
grassroots organizing. Youth04 has 19 college chapters and 13 partners, including
Mobilizing America's Youth, Party Y, and the Center for Communication and Civic
Engagement at the University of Washington. Youth04 has been chosen as a Hot Site
by USA Today and PoliticsOnline and is being promoted by the American Association
of State Colleges and Universities as part of its American Democracy Project.
Anderson is the author of Youth04: Young Voters, the Internet, and Political Power
(W.W. Norton & Company), which is being marketed this fall in conjunction with the
political science textbook, We the People (WW. Norton & Company), by Benjamin
Ginsberg Theodore Lowi, and Margaret Weir. Anderson is co-editor (with Michael
Cornfield) of The Civic Web: Online Politics and Democratic Values (Rowman and
Littlefield, 2002) and a frequent contributor to op-ed pages of The Baltimore Sun
and the Maryland Weekend Gazette. He holds a Ph.D. in Philosophy from The
University of Michigan and is an Adjunct Associate Professor at George Washington
University's Graduate School of Political Management.

Ken Anderson is the Director of Corporate Services & General Counsel for
the Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner of Ontario. Ken has also
held positions as the Assistant Commissioner (Access) and the Director of Appeals
at the IPC. Prior to joining the IPC, Ken was the Commissioner of Legal Services
and Corporate Counsel for the Regional Municipality of Hamilton-Wentworth. In a
previous position as the Commissioner of Legal Services at the Regional
Municipality of Halton, Ken headed a combined Law Department, Clerk's Office and
Property Services Division. Ken holds degrees in both business administration and
law from the University of Western Ontario. He was called to the Bar in 1977.

Rob focuses his practice on technology issues in both the civil and criminal
arenas, frequently consulting to other attorneys on technology related cases.
Bringing real practical experience to his law practice, Rob spent over 25 years in
the computer software industry, developing and marketing sophisticated computer and
network performance tools, domestically and internationally. A frequent speaker,
Rob has presented on both technical and legal issues, with particular emphasis on
the realm where they overlap. Rob is currently representing scores of defendants in
DirecTV and RIAA cases.

Sonia Arrison is director of Technology Studies at the California-based
Pacific Research Institute (PRI) where she researches and writes on the
intersection of new technologies and public policy. Specific areas of interest
include privacy policy, e-government, intellectual property, nanotechnology,
evolutionary theory, and telecommunications.

She is a regular columnist for Tech Central Station and Tech News World.
Her work has appeared in many publications including CBS MarketWatch, CNN, Los
Angeles Times, Sacramento Bee, San Francisco Chronicle, San Jose Mercury News, The
National Post, Washington Times, and Consumer Research Magazine. A frequent media
guest and National Press Club First Amendment Scholar, Ms. Arrison has appeared on
National Public Radio's Forum, Tech TV, CBC's The National, and CNN's Headline
News. She was also recently the host of a radio show called "digital dialogue" on
the Voice America network.

Often asked for advice on technology issues, Arrison has given testimony
and served as an expert witness for various government committees such as the
Congressional Advisory Commission on Electronic Commerce and the California
Commission on Internet Political Practices.

Prior to joining PRI, Arrison focused on Canadian-U.S. regulatory and
political issues at the Donner Canadian Foundation. She also worked at the Fraser
Institute in Vancouver, B.C., where she specialized in regulatory policy and
privatization. She received her BA from the University of Calgary and an MA from
the University of British Columbia.

Jonathan is General Counsel to pulver.com. Before joining pulver, Jonathan
served as General Counsel and President of the Association for Local
Telecommunications Services (ALTS), the leading national trade association
representing facilities-based competitive local exchange carriers. Jonathan has
served as Senior Attorney in the FCC's Common Carrier Bureau and as a Deputy Public
Advocate with the New Jersey Public Advocate and Ratepayer Advocate, where he
represented the public on communications issues. Jonathan also practiced law with
the New York offices of Davis, Polk and Wardwell. Jonathan has also worked on
several communications ventures, both domestic and international. Jonathan is an
honors graduate of both Harvard College and Rutgers Law School, and clerked for the
late Chief Justice Robert Wilentz of the New Jersey Supreme Court.

- Workshop: Privacy and Civil Liberties Issues in Computing
Applications Research and Development

Professor Ruzena Bajcsy was appointed Director of the CITRIS Institute
at the University of California, Berkeley on November 1, 2001. She is also a
Professor in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department at UCB.
Prior to coming to Berkeley, she was Assistant Director of the Computer
Information Science and Engineering Directorate (CISE) between December 1, 1998
and September 1, 2001. She came to the NSF from the University of Pennsylvania
where she was Professor of Computer Science and Engineering and the former
Director of the General Robotics Automation Sensing Perception Laboratory, which
she founded in 1978 at UPENN. Dr. Bajcsy is a pioneering researcher in machine
perception, robotics and artificial intelligence. She is a member of the
Neuroscience Institute and the School of Medicine at the University of
Pennsylvania. In 2001 she became a recipient of the ACM A. Newell award. In the
November 2002 issue of Discover Magazine she was named to its list of the 50 most
important women in science. In April 2003 she received the CRA Distinguished
Service Award and in May 2003 she was named to PITAC (the President's Information
Technology Advisory Committee). She was selected recipient of the 2003 ACM
Distinguished Service Award. She will receive an Honorary Degree of Doctor of
Engineering from Lehigh University in May 2004.

- Plenary 3: Datamining the Unknown Unknowns: Is It Useful for Knowing
What We Don't Know We Don't Know?
- Concurrent 7: Fahrenheit 451.3: Using ISPs to Control Content on the
Internet

Stewart A. Baker was described by The Washington Post (November 20,
1995) as "one of the most techno-literate lawyers around." His practice includes
issues relating to national security, computer security, electronic surveillance,
privacy, encryption, digital commerce, and export controls. He has advised hardware
and software companies on US export controls and on foreign import controls on
encryption. In October 2000, he was named to the Washington "Power 100" by
Regardie's magazine for his work in this field. He also represents major
telecommunications equipment manufacturers and carriers in connection with the
Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act ("CALEA") and law enforcement
intercept requirements. In the area of authentication and digital signatures, his
clients include major banks, mortgage companies, and credit card associations, as
well as technology companies.

Mr. Baker is the former General Counsel of the National Security Agency
(1992-1994) and author of the book, The Limits of Trust: Cryptography,
Governments, and Electronic Commerce (1998), as well as various other publications
and articles on electronic commerce and international trade. Earlier in his career,
Mr. Baker served as Law Clerk to John Paul Stevens, US Supreme Court (1977-78),
Frank M. Coffin, US Court of Appeals, First Circuit (1976-77), and Shirley M.
Hufstedler, US Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit (1975).

Mr. Baker has been named to numerous US government and international bodies
dealing with electronic commerce and related topics, including: President's Expert
Export Council Subcommittee on Export Administration (2003); Markle Foundation's
Task Force on National Security in the Information Age (2002-present); Defense
Science Board's Task Force on Information Warfare (1995-1996; and 1999-2001);
Federal Trade Commission's Advisory Committee on Online Access and Security (2000);
President's Export Council Subcommittee on Encryption (1998- 2001); Free Trade of
the Americas Experts Committee on Electronic Commerce (1998-present); UNCITRAL
Group of Experts on Digital Signatures (1997-2001); OECD Group of Experts on
Cryptography Policy (1995-1997); International Telecommunication Union Experts
Group on Authentication (1999); American Bar Association Standing Committee on Law
and National Security (1998-present); American Bar Association Task Force on
International Notarial Issues (1996-1998); International Chamber of Commerce
Working Party on Digital Authentication (1996-1998); International Chamber of
Commerce Group of Experts on Electronic Commerce (1996-present). In addition to his
private clients, Mr. Baker has also been retained as a consultant on computer
security issues by a variety of international bodies, including the ITU, the OECD,
and the Government of Japan.

- Concurrent 5: Wardriving, Wireless Networks and the Law
- BOF 12: Litigating Surveillance: How to Fight USA PATRIOT in the Courts

Kevin Bankston, an attorney specializing in free speech and privacy law,
is the Electronic Frontier Foundation's Equal Justice Works/Bruce J. Ennis Fellow
for 2003-05. Before joining EFF, Kevin was the Justice William J. Brennan First
Amendment Fellow for the American Civil Liberties Union in New York City. At the
ACLU, Kevin litigated Internet-related free speech cases, including First Amendment
challenges to both the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (Edelman v. N2H2,
Inc.) and a federal statute regulating Internet speech in public libraries
(American Library Association v. U.S.). Kevin received his J.D. in 2001 from
the University of Southern California Law Center, and spent his undergraduate years
at the University of Texas in Austin. Kevin's fellowship at the EFF is sponsored by
Equal Justice Works Fellowships and the Bruce J. Ennis Foundation.

Acxiom Corporation provides a wide spectrum of information products,
data warehousing and data integration services, as well as information technology
outsourcing services to assist major U.S. and international firms as well as the
U.S. government with their customer relationship and risk management. Founded in
1969, Acxiom is headquartered in Little Rock, Arkansas, with operations throughout
the U.S. as well in the U.K., France, Spain and Australia.

Ms. Barrett joined Acxiom in 1974 after receiving her degree from the University
of Texas in Mathematics. Since joining Acxiom, Ms. Barrett has worked in almost
every facet of the company from Systems Development & Operations to Marketing and
Business Development. In 1981 she became a Vice President and has served in an
executive capacity with the company ever since.

Ms. Barrett is currently the corporate executive responsible for oversight of
all global public policy and fair information practices. In this capacity she is
responsible for Acxiom's privacy policies across all global operations, internal
compliance with legal regulations and industry guidelines, consumer affairs,
government affairs and related public relations.

Ms. Barrett is a frequent speaker on privacy and customer relationship and risk
management. She has published numerous articles and testified before Congress on
these subjects. She serves on various boards and councils of the Direct Marketing
Association including the Privacy Committee, the Safe Harbor Ethics Committee, the
DMA Political Action Committee, and the Direct Marketing Educational Foundation.
She chairs the BBBOnline Privacy Education Council and participated in the Task
Force to Improve National Security. She also serves on the Board of Directors of
BrightStar, a publicly held software development company, the Chancellor's Council
at the University of Texas at Austin, and holds various leadership positions with
her church, the First United Methodist Church of Maumelle Arkansas.

Steven M. Bellovin received a B.A. degree from Columbia University, and an
M.S. and Ph.D. in Computer Science from the University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill. While a graduate student, he helped create netnews; for this, he and the
other perpetrators were awarded the 1995 Usenix Lifetime Achievement Award. He
joined AT&T Bell Laboratories in 1982. Despite the fact that he has not changed
jobs, he is now at AT&T Labs Research, working on networks, security, and why the
two don't get along, as well as related public policy questions. He is an AT&T
Fellow and a member of the National Academy of Engineering.

Bellovin is the co-author of "Firewalls and Internet Security: Repelling
the Wily Hacker, and holds several patents on cryptographic and network protocols.
He served on National Research Council study committees on information systems
trustworthiness and the privacy implications of authentication technologies; he was
also a member of the information technology subcommittee of an NRC study group on
science versus terrorism. He was a member of the Internet Architecture Board from
1996-2002; he is currently the co-director of the Security Area of the IETF.

Ralf Bendrath, European Civil Society Caucus
for the World Summit on the Information Society

- Concurrent 4: Nations vs. the Net: The UN World Summit on the
Information Society

Ralf Bendrath is a research fellow in the Internet Regulation Project of
the Collaborative Research Center "Transformations of the State" at the University
of Bremen, Germany. He is the editor of the web site www.worldsummit2003.org, which
informs about the World Summit on the Information Society from a civil society
perspective. He is a co-founder of the German Network New Media, where he has been
working on security and privacy issues since 1999. He is also an editor for www.worldsummit2003.org.

Bernard Benhamou is currently head of the Forecast & Internet Governance
Mission at the Agency for the Development of e-Government (ADAE-Prime Minister
Office) and a senior lecturer on the Information Society at the Political Sciences
Institute in Paris. He is a founding member of PlaNet Finance, an Internet-based
NGO devoted to giving microcredit to developing countries, and was a conceptor in
1996 of the first Network and Internet-based exhibition in the French Museum of
Science.

Benhamou had been an advisor for the French Foreign Ministry on Internet
projects in developing countries; a senior lecturer at the National School of
Government; and head of the Mission "Internet, Schools & Family" at the French
Ministry of Education.

- Concurrent 14: Security and Privacy for the Citizen in the Post 9-11
Digital Age: A European Perspective. "Identity and Balance Between Security and
Privacy in Europe."

Laurent Beslay has a post-Master's degree (DESS.) in Global Management of
Risks and Crisis (University of Paris, la Sorbonne) for which he produced a
report on the opportunities of a business intelligence unit for the Direction of
Military Applications of the French atomic energy committee (CEA). He has a
Master's degree in International Relations (Study Institute of International
Relations), for which he produced a thesis on "The control of exports of dual-use
goods and technologies". He is currently-working at the European Commission's DG
Joint Research Centre, Institute. for Prospective Technological Studies, in
Seville, as a researcher in the ICT unit. He is working on projects on the
future of identity and prospective cyber-security and he is particularly
interested in 'electronic surveillance'.

Birny Birnbaum is a consulting economist whose work focuses on
community development, economic development and insurance issues. Birny has
served as an expert witness on a variety of economic and actuarial insurance
issues in California, New York, Texas and other states. Birny serves as an
economic adviser to and Executive Director for the Center for Economic Justice
(www.cej-online.org), a Texas non-profit organization, whose mission is to
advocate on behalf on low-income consumers on issues of availability,
affordability, accessibility of basic goods and services, such as utilities,
credit and insurance.

Birny has authored reports on insurance markets, insurance credit
scoring, insurance redlining and credit insurance abuses for CEJ and other
organizations. Birny serves on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners
Consumer Board of Trustees. Birny has been particularly active on insurance credit
scoring issues, having served on the Florida Insurance Commissioner's Task Force on
Credit Scoring, authored a report to the Ohio Civil Rights Commission on the impact
of insurance credit scoring on homeowners insurance availability and affordability
and testified in many states before legislators and regulators on credit scoring.
Birny's testimony and reports can be found on the CEJ web site.

Birny served for three years as Associate Commissioner for Policy and Research
and the Chief Economist at the Texas Department of Insurance. At the
Department, Birny provided technical and policy advice to the Commissioner of
Insurance and performed policy research and analysis for the Department on a
variety of topics. His particular areas of insurance expertise include:

Homeowners and Automobile Insurance Availability and Affordability
Evaluation of Underwriting and Rating Factors, include Credit Scores

Data Strategy, Collection and Analysis

Analysis of Insurance Markets and Availability

Review of Rate Filings and Rate Analysis

Loss Prevention/Cost Drivers

Regulatory Policy and Implementation

Prior to coming to the Department, Birny was the Chief Economist at the office
of Public Insurance Counsel (OPIC), working on a variety of insurance issue.
OPIC is a Texas state agency whose mission is to advocate on behalf of insurance
consumers. Prior to OPIC, Birny was a consulting economist working on community
and economic development projects. Birny also worked as business and financial
analyst for the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Birny was educated at
Bowdoin College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Wes Boyd is co-founder and President of MoveOn.org, and also a Board member and
full-time volunteer for the organization, to which he brings his considerable
expertise in both technical design and implementation and consumer marketing. Prior
to founding MoveOn.org, Wes and his wife Joan Blades co-founded Berkeley Systems, a
leading entertainment software company, best known for Flying Toaster screen
savers, and You Don't Know Jack, an online game show. Mr. Boyd served as Berkeley
Systems' Chief Executive Officer, growing the company to 150 employees and $30
million in sales. Prior to his work in consumer software, Mr. Boyd authored
software for blind and visually impaired users allowing full access to computers
with a graphical user interface. In the 1970s and early 1980s, Mr. Boyd served at
the University of California as a senior staff programmer on research projects.

- BOF 1: The Great American Privacy Makeover, Undressed: Methodology and
Results

Andrew Brandt (privacywatch@pcworld.com) is a Senior Associate Editor with PC
World, writing the monthly Privacy Watch column. He was the principal author of a
privacy survey given to subscribers, the results of which were published in the
July, 2003 issue, and devised the scoring method for the "privacy quotient" used in
the story. Brandt covers the topics of computer privacy, security, and hacking for
the magazine's features section, and writes and edits a wide variety of feature and
review articles for both the print magazine and for pcworld.com. Privacy Watch was
given a Best Original Web Commentary award by the Western Publications Association
in 2001. In his spare time, he opines about Technology Gone Bad on his personal
Weblog at Amishrabbit.com.

Daniel Brenner is
Senior Vice President for Law & Regulatory Policy at the National Cable &
Telecommunications Association, Washington, D.C., where has served since 1992.
Previously, he served as Director of the Communications Law Program and a member of
the faculty at UCLA Law School. He also served as Counsel to the Los Angeles
office of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae. Brenner was Senior Legal Advisor to
Chairman Mark Fowler of the Federal Communications Commission from 1981 to 1986.
Brenner is lead author of Cable Television and Other Nonbroadcast Technologies
(West), a leading cable law treatise. He teaches cable, telecommunications, and
Internet law at Georgetown Law School and serves on the board of Cable Positive,
the industry's AIDS awareness organization.

- Concurrent 8: Data Retention and Privacy: A 'Real World' Approach to EU
and US Regulations

Susan W. Brenner is NCR Distinguished Professor of Law and Technology at
the University of Dayton School of Law, where she teaches Criminal Law, Criminal
Procedure, a Cybercrimes survey course and a Cybercrimes Seminar.

Professor Brenner has spoken at numerous conferences, including
Interpol's Fourth International Conference on Cybercrimes in Lyon, Interpol's Fifth
International Conference on Cybercrimes in Seoul, the American Bar Association's
National Cybercrime Conference, the American Bar Association's 2003 & 2002 Annual
Conferences, the 2003 Asia Pacific Fraud Conference, the International Society for
Criminology's XIII World Congress in Rio de Janeiro, the National District
Attorneys Association's National Conference, the National Association of Attorneys
General's cybercrime training program and the Hoover Institution's Conference on
International Cooperation to Combat Cyber Crime and Terrorism, held at Stanford
University. She participated in the ŽÃ˜kokrim Conference "The Internet as the Scene
of Crime," held in Oslo and is one of a group of experts assisting with the
European Commission - Joint Research Centre's CTOSE project on electronic evidence;
she spoke on cybercrime legislation at the Ministry of the Interior of the United
Arab Emirates and presented a graduate seminar on cybercrime at CERIAS - Purdue
University. She served as Chair of the International Efforts Working Group for the
American Bar Association's Privacy and Computer Crime Committee, serves on the
National District Attorneys Association's Cybercrimes Committee, is Co-Chair of the
National Institute of Justice - Electronic Crime Partnership Initiative's Working
Group on Law & Policy and is a participant in the National Institute of
Justice-CCIPS Digital Evidence project. Her internationally known website, http://www.cybercrimes.net, was featured on
"NBC Nightly News." She has published various articles dealing with cybercrime,
including Toward a Criminal Law for Cyberspace: A New Model of Law Enforcement?,
30 Rutgers Computer & Technology Law Journal ___ (2003), The Emerging Consensus on
Criminal Conduct in Cyberspace, 2002 UCLA J.L. & Tech,
http://www.lawtechjournal.com/articles.php, Computer Searches and Seizures: Some
Unresolved Issues, 9 Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review 39 (2002),
http://www.mttlr.org/html/voleight/brenner.PDF and The Privacy Privilege: Law
Enforcement, Technology and the Constitution, 7 Journal of Technology Law and
Policy 123 (2002), http://journal.law.ufl.edu/~techlaw/. She has also written
chapters for several cybercrimes books.

Professor Brenner has also published numerous law review articles and
book chapters dealing with issues in criminal law and two books: Federal Grand Jury
Practice (West 1996) and Precedent Inflation (Rutgers 1990). Her grand jury web
site, http://www.udayton.edu/~grandjur,
provides information on state and federal grand juries.

Before joining the faculty at the University of Dayton, Professor Brenner
practiced with two firms--Shellow, Shellow & Glynn in Milwaukee and Silets & Martin
in Chicago. She also clerked for a federal district court judge and a state court
of appeals judge. She is a graduate of the Indiana University (Bloomington) School
of Law.

Ann Brick has served as a staff attorney for the American Civil Liberties
Union Foundation of Northern California since January 1991. Her work at the ACLU
focuses in large part on technology issues, with a particular emphasis on rights
of free expression and privacy. Brick received her J.D. degree from Boalt Hall
(University of California at Berkeley). Upon graduation from law school, she
served as a law clerk to Judge Alfonso J. Zirpoli of the United States District
Court for the Northern District of California.

Art Brodsky is communications director of Public Knowledge. He is a veteran of
Washington, D.C. telecommunications and Internet journalism and public
relations.

Art worked for 16 years with Communications Daily, a leading trade
publication. He covered Congress through the passage of the Telecommunications Act
of 1996, the Digital Millennium Copyright Act and other major pieces of
legislation. He also covered telephone regulation at the the Federal Communications
Commission (FCC) and at state regulatory commissions. In addition, he has covered
the online industry since before there was an Internet, coming in just after
videotext died but before the World Wide Web. Art was later an editor with
Congressional Quarterly, with responsibilities for the daily and Web coverage of
telecom, tech and other issues. He also worked at newspapers around the country.
Art's freelance work has appeared in publications as diverse as the Washington
Post, TomPaine.com and the World Book encyclopedia. He was a commentator on the
public radio program, Marketplace, and appeared on C-SPAN.

On the PR front, Art worked as communications director for the National
Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) and for the Washington,
D.C. office of Qwest Communications International.

- Concurrent 12: Next Generation Democracy: The Internet,
Young Voters, and Election 2004

Thomas A. Bryer is a doctoral student in public administration at the
University of Southern California in Los Angeles. He is a 2003 honor graduate from
the Masters in Public Administration program at The George Washington University in
Washington, DC. He is also the recipient of the prestigious Herbert Roback
Scholarship, an award sponsored by the National Academy of Public Administration.
His BA is in Political Science from American University, and he is a member of Pi
Sigma Alpha, the National Political Science Honor Society, and Pi Alpha Alpha, the
National Public Affairs and Administration Honor Society. His research interests
include government-citizen relations, governance systems, and e-governance. Thomas
has memberships with the American Political Science Association, the Association
for Public Policy Analysis and Management, and the American Society for Public
Administration.

Professor Dan L. Burk is an internationally prominent authority on the law
of intellectual property, who specializes in the areas of cyberlaw and
biotechnology. After visiting at the University of Minnesota during the 1999-2000
academic year, Professor Burk joined the Law School faculty in the Fall of 2000 as
Professor of Law and Vance K. Opperman Research Scholar. During 2001-2002, he was
appointed to the Julius Davis Chair in Law. He currently holds the Oppenheimer,
Wolff & Donnelly Profesorship in Law. During the Fall of 2003, he visited at Boalt
Hall School of Law at the University of California, Berkeley.

Professor Burk holds appointments at both the Law School and the Center for
Bioethics. He has also been closely involved in the development of the new Joint
Degree Program in Law, Health, and the Life Sciences, and in the creation of the
University's new Internet Studies Center. He teaches courses in Copyright, Patent,
and Biotechnology Law, and is the author of numerous papers on the legal and
societal impact of new technologies, including articles on scientific misconduct,
on the regulation of biotechnology, and on the intellectual property implications
of global computer networks.

Simon Byers gained his Ph.D. from University of Washington and
currently works at AT&T Labs. His research interests are varied and never static.
Currently he studies information mining with its relationship to network security,
privacy and emergent technology issues.

JC Cannon is a Privacy Strategist in the Corporate Privacy Group at Microsoft. He works as a technical strategist for the team focusing on ways to apply technology to applications that will permit consumers to have better control over their privacy and enable developers to create privacy aware applications. JC works closely with Microsoft's product groups, Microsoft research and gives presentations to developers from other companies on building privacy into their applications. He has contributed to two security books discussing the aspects of privacy as it applies to security threats and is working on his own book on privacy for developers and IT administrators.

Prior to this role, JC was a program manager for Active Directory for two and a half years. In this role he worked with developers and Independent Software Vendors on integration strategies for Active Directory and applications. He has written several white papers, which are on MSDN, and has given presentations on AD integration techniques at Microsoft's major conferences.

Before coming to Microsoft in 1998 he spent ten years as a software consultant helping companies integrate Microsoft technologies into their applications and businesses. Previous to becoming a consultant JC worked as a software developer for companies in the U.S., England, France, and Sweden. JC started his career in software in 1979 after ending his six year career in the U.S. Navy where he worked on avionics for A6 aircraft. Three of those years were spent working on the flight deck of aircraft carriers. JC received his BS in mathematics from the University of Texas at Dallas.

- Tutorial 6: Telecommunications Law for the Rest of Us
- Plenary 7: The Net: Caught in the FCC's Web?

Robert Cannon is Senior Counsel for Internet Issues in the FCC's Office of
Strategic Planning and Policy Analysis. He is also Founder and Director of the
Washington Internet Project <www.cybertelecom.org>, a pro-bono project
dedicated to promoting awareness of and participation in federal policy that
affects the Internet. Robert moderates the Cybertelecom-l listserv and edits the
e-newsletter Cybertelecom News. He is currently completing a book on Federal law,
regulation, and policy that impacts the Internet. In previous lives he was Chair
of the Telecommunications Policy Research Conference, Deputy Director of the FCC's
Y2K Task Force and Law Clerk to Judge Steffen Graae, DC Superior Court. He is the
author of a plethora of articles appearing in the Federal Communications Law
Journal, Boardwatch Magazine, Internet Industry Magazine, New Architect, and
OnTheInternet. He has contributed to several books including the 2002 TPRC
Communications Policy and Information Technology (MIT Press). He is currently a
guest editor for the journal Telecommunications Policy. In his free time, he
coaches Super T Ball and chases circular plastic across an Ultimate field. He can
be reached at cannon at cybertelecom.org.

Widely recognized as the inventor of electronic cash, he also originated
a number of basic cryptographic techniques, general results, and techniques that
allow individuals to protect their identity and related information in interactions
with organizations. David has over 50 original technical publications and 25 patent
filings. With Ph.D in Computer Science from Berkeley, he taught, led a crypto
research group, and founded DigiCash and the International Association for
Cryptologic Research (IACR). Currently he is affiliated with several companies,
universities and international projects.

As Senior Vice President of Digital Development & Distribution for EMI
Music, Ted Cohen oversees worldwide digital business development for this "big
company, which includes labels such as Capitol, Virgin, Angel/Blue Note, Parlophone
and Chrysalis. Under Cohen's guidance, EMI has led the industry with its
initiatives in new technologies and business models such as digital downloads,
online music subscriptions, custom compilations, wireless services, high-definition
audio and Internet radio.

In addition to seeking out, evaluating and executing business opportunities
for the company, Cohen serves as both a strategist and key decision-maker for EMI's
global new media and anti-piracy efforts. He has worked to establish company-wide
policies, which have allowed EMI's artists and labels a substantial advantage in
the digital music arena.

- Concurrent 8: Data Retention and Privacy: A 'Real World' Approach to EU
and US Regulations

Cindy Cohn is the Legal Director for the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
She is responsible for overseeing the EFF's overall legal strategy. EFF has been
actively involved in nearly all areas where civil liberties are impacted online.
EFF represented Independent Media Center when the Secret Service subpoenaed their
logs and other information arising from protest activity in early 2001 and Ms. Cohn
has been advising individuals and organizations, specifically focusing on those
involved in nonviolent protest activity, on the need to discover and consider
limiting the amount of logging and data retention they do on their own as a defense
against overreaching government and private subpoenas and other efforts to retrieve
information from them.

Lorrie Faith Cranor is an Associate Research Professor in the School of
Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University. She is a faculty member in the
Institute for Software Research International and in the Engineering and Public
Policy department. She came to CMU in December 2003 after seven years at AT&T
Labs-Research. Dr. Cranor's research has focused on a variety of areas where
technology and policy issues interact, including online privacy, electronic voting,
and spam. She is chair of the Platform for Privacy Preferences Project (P3P)
Specification Working Group at the World Wide Web Consortium and author of the book
Web Privacy with P3P (O'Reilly 2002). Dr. Cranor has been studying electronic
voting systems since 1994 and in 2000 served on the executive committee of a
National Science Foundation sponsored Internet voting taskforce. Dr. Cranor was
chair of the Tenth Conference on Computers Freedom and Privacy (CFP2000). In 2003
she was named one of the top 100 innovators 35 or younger by Technology Review
magazine.

- Tutorial 1: Who Are You? The Basics of Identity, Authentication and
Privacy Today

Susan Crawford is Assistant Professor of Law at Cardozo Law School, teaching
cyberlaw and intellectual property law. Ms. Crawford received her B.A. (summa cum
laude, Phi Beta Kappa) and J.D. from Yale University. She served as a clerk for
Judge Raymond J. Dearie of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New
York, and was a partner at Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering (Washington, D.C.) until the
end of 2002, when she left that firm to enter the legal academy.

Susan's practice was focused on Internet law and policy issues, including
governance, privacy, intellectual property, advertising, and defamation. She
represented major online companies, startups, and joint ventures, and worked
particularly closely with companies doing business in the domain name world. From
1996-1998, she taught copyright as an adjunct professor at the Georgetown Law
Center, and she has spoken and written frequently about online legal issues.

Susan works with CDT on digital copyright issues (and has become a frequent
Content Protection Technical Working Group and Analog Reconversion Discussion Group
attendee). Her article, "The Biology of the Broadcast Flag," will be published in
the Hastings Communications and Entertainment Law Journal in early 2004. She has
also published many online essays about ICANN (most co-authored with David R.
Johnson), and maintains a website and blog at http://www.scrawford.net .

Susan is the Chair of the Board of Directors of Innovation Network , and is a
member of the Advisory Boards of Squaretrade, Renovation in Music Education, the
Legal Expert Network of the Institute for the Study of the Information Society and
Technology (Insites) at the Carnegie Mellon Heinz School of Public Policy and
Management, the Georgetown E-Business Institute for Corporate Counsel, and other
groups. She lives in New York City.

- Plenary 6: Open Source, Open Society
- Concurrent 3: Gatekeepers of the Web: The Hidden Power of Search Engines

Kenneth Neil Cukier is a research fellow at the National Center for Digital
Government at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government, where he is
writing a book about the Internet and international relations. He is also an
occasional contributor to The Economist on technology policy issues. Previously,
Mr. Cukier was the technology editor of the Asian Wall Street Journal in Hong Kong
and a commentator for CNBC Asia; before that he was the European Editor in London
of Red Herring magazine. From 1992 to 1996 he worked at the International Herald
Tribune in Paris. His work has also appeared in the New York Times, the Washington
Post and the Financial Times, among others. He has served as a commentator on
technology matters for CBS, CNN, NPR and the BBC, among others. Additionally, Mr.
Cukier serves on the board of advisors to the Daniel Pearl Foundation.

David Culler, Professor in Computer Science,
University of California, Berkeley

- Workshop: Privacy and Civil Liberties Issues in Computing
Applications Research and Development

David Culler is a Professor of Computer Science at the University of
California, where he has been on the faculty at Berkeley since 1989 and has served
as Vice Chair for Industrial Relations and Vice Chair for Computing and Networking.
He was founding Director of Intel Research, Berkeley, which works in collaboration
with the University. David received his B.A. from Berkeley in 1980, M.S. from MIT
in 1985 and Ph.D. from MIT in 1989. He was selected in Scientific American's Top 50
researchers in 2003 and Technology Review's 10 Technologies that will Change the
World. He was awarded the NSF Presidential Young Investigator in 1990 and the
Presidential Faculty Fellowship in 1992. He is a fellow of the ACM and a Senior
Member of the IEEE. His research addresses vast networks of small, embedded
wireless devices, parallel computer architecture, parallel programming languages,
and high performance communication.

I am applying a background in the psychology of judgment and decision making,
statistics, and computer science to the design of software for group deliberation
and decision making, as well as empirical studies of social choice and judgment. I
have a passion for grassroots organizing and activism, and am trying to bring
psychology and technology to bear in helping give all stakeholders a greater say in
the decisions that affect them/us.

Emilio De Capitani, Civil Servant, European
Parliament, Secretary of Committee on Citizen's Rights, Justice and Home Affairs

- Concurrent 14: Security and Privacy for the Citizen in the Digital
Age: A European Perspective. "Identity and Balance Between Security and Privacy
in Europe"

Paul De Hert, Associated Professor (UHD),
University of Leiden University (the Netherlands), and Professor of Law, University
of Brussels (Belgium)

- Concurrent 14: Security and Privacy for the Citizen in the Post 9-11
Digital Age: A European Perspective. "Privacy and Data Protection Concepts in
Europe."

Paul De Hert, (1965), Dr.iur. studied Belgian Law at Free University Brussels
from 1985-1989. From 1990 until 2000 he worked at the Brussels University Faculty
of Law as a researcher in computers and law and privacy-related areas. In this
period, he was responsible for various studies commissioned by national and
international (governmental) organisations and prepared his dissertation (see
below). Between February 2000 and February 2001 he worked as a legal expert and
supervisor at the Belgian Data Protection Authority. Between February 2001 and
August 2002 he worked as a post-doc researcher at Tilburg University and the Free
University of Brussels. Since September 1, 2002 he is part-time Senior-Lecturer
(UHD) (80%) at the Faculty of Law of the Leiden University and part-time Professor
at the Faculty of Law, Free University of Brussels. At the latter he is
professor/holder of the following courses "European and International Criminal
Law"; "Jurisprudence" and "International Protection of Human Rights".

On 25 September 2000, Mr. De Hert defended his thesis about the use of
information technology in its relationship to constitutional law. Borrowing from
historical insights, legal theory and the analysis of legislation and important
international case law, he took position in the ongoing debates about the scope and
strength of privacy and data protection.

Paul de Hert has written numerous articles and chapters in various books and
journals. He was editor-in-chief of a Belgian Journal on Data Protection and
Freedom of Information, which he founded, and also a member of the editorial staff
of several Belgian journals on criminal law and police law. The books and articles
focus on privacy law, computer related fraud, legal dilemmas related to the
Internet and the impact of new technologies on traditional legal systems.

Dave Del Torto is chief security officer at the CryptoRights Foundation
(CRF), the world's first human rights communications security nonprofit NGO. CRF
conducts public benefit crypto research & development and assists social justice
NGOs on protecting human rights, journalism and humanitarian aid workers from
communications security, information privacy and identity threats. Dave is
currently a principal investigator with CRF's "HighFire" project <
https://www.CryptoRights.org/highfire>>. In Spring 2004, CRF delivered the
first operational communications hardware/software infrastructure to social justice
NGOs worldwide, integrating easy web-based email with strong authentication and
security and a substantial number of open source technologies.

Dave's experience with technology transfer includes being on the
four-person team that published the entire PGP 5.0 source code on 7,000+ pages of
paper. The First Amendment protected export of those "paperware" books resulted in
the first legal international version of the PGP freeware personal encryption
software and contributed to dramatic changes in US crypto export controls as well
as helping to de-regulate the strong crypto that makes secure e-commerce and
Internet privacy a possibility. Dave co-founded the OpenPGP working group of the
Internet Engineering Task Force and co-authored the OpenPGP/MIME standard and the
draft OpenPGP Parallel Signatures standard. In a past life, Dave was a founding
employee of Pretty Good Privacy Inc and, after Network Associates Inc acquired PGP,
NAI's principal cryptography consultant. His last corporate job was at Deloitte &
Touche, where he served as Director of Security Technology.

Sarah Deutsch is Vice President and Associate General Counsel for Verizon
Communications. Her practice covers legal issues in the area of global Internet
policy, including liability, privacy, intellectual property policy and Internet
jurisdiction. She currently represents Verizon on a host of domestic and
international Internet issues ranging from digital rights management, the RIAA v.
Verizon litigation, Europe's IPR Enforcement Directive, ICANN, and legal issues
arising from other Internet-related legislation and litigation.

Sarah served as Private Sector Advisor to the U.S. Delegation to the World
Intellectual Property Organization 1996 Conference on the WIPO Copyright Treaties.
She was one five negotiators for the U.S. telecommunications industry in the
negotiations that resulted in the passage of the Digital Millenium Copyright
Act.

Professor Dogan teaches intellectual property, antitrust, and software and
Internet law at Northeastern University School of Law. Much of her recent
scholarship has focused on the challenge of applying traditional copyright law to
the online environment, with an emphasis on the legal status of online
intermediaries. Before joining Northeastern's faculty, Professor Dogan practiced
with the Washington, DC law firm of Covington & Burling, and with Heller, Ehrman,
White & McAuliffe in San Francisco. She clerked for the Honorable Judith Rogers
on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.
Professor Dogan graduated from Harvard Law school and did her undergraduate work
at MIT.

- Concurrent 4: Nations vs. the Net: The UN World Summit on the
Information Society

Esther Dyson is editor at large of CNET Networks. She recently sold her
company, EDventure Holdings, to CNET, and she remains editor of its monthly
newsletter, Release 1.0, and impresaria of PC Forum, the IT industry's leading
executive conference. Release 1.0 covers significant trends in IT - an
ever-changing field that has recently included such topics as identity management,
online multiplayer games, Web services, cell-phone applications, and measures to
control spam. She has written extensively since 1994 about the impact of the
Internet on intellectual property and business models.

As an individual, Dyson is an active investor in a variety of IT/Internet
start-ups in the US and Europe (including Russia), including Technorati and Dotomi.
She sits on the boards of several of them, including Meetup.com, NewspaperDirect
and CVO Group, and is also a director of WPP Group. She is the author of the
influential book Release 2.0: A design for living in the digital age (1997,
Broadway Books).

Dyson informally advises a variety of government officials on their
countries' IT policies. She was the founding chairman of Internet Corporation for
Assigned Names and Numbers, an independent organization responsible for setting
policy for the worldwide domain name system. She began her career as a
fact-checker for Forbes Magazine, which is how she got her business education
(following a happy but undistinguished undergraduate career at Harvard).

- Concurrent 3: Gatekeepers of the Web? The Unexpected Power of Search
Engines: "Empirical Research on Google Omissions"

Ben is a Ph.D. candidate at the Department of Economics at Harvard
University and a student at the Harvard Law School. His research includes
empirical analysis of Internet policy and regulation, including domain names,
filtering, and spyware. More information about Ben is available at
http://www.benedelman.org .

Charles Ess, Professor of Philosophy and Religion, Drury University, has
received awards for teaching excellence and scholarship, and a national award for
his work in hypermedia. With Fay Sudweeks, he co-organizes the biennial conference
"Cultural Attitudes towards Technology and Communication" (CATaC). Dr. Ess has
published in comparative (East-West) philosophy, applied ethics, history of
philosophy, feminist Biblical studies, and interdisciplinary approaches to
Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC), including two edited volumes for SUNY Press.

Since 2000, Dr. Ess chairs the ethics working committee of the Association of
Internet Researchers (AoIR), which developed the first interdisciplinary,
international ethical guidelines for online research. Dr. Ess has further advised
the RESPECT Project as it develops ethical guidelines for socio-economic research
throughout the European Union.

Dr. Ess has lectured on and taught Information Ethics in Scandinavia. In fall,
2003, he was a Visiting Professor at IT-University, Copenhagen. In the Fall, 2004,
he will serve as a Fulbright Senior Scholar at the University of Trier, continuing
an East-West comparison of privacy expectations, policies, and research ethics.

Glenn Fleishman is an unsolicited pundit and freelance writer whose work is
published in various places, including The Seattle Times (a regular column
on Practical Mac), The New York Times, Macworld, PC World,
InfoWorld, and O'Reilly Networks.

- Tutorial 1: Who Are You? The Basics of Identity, Authentication and
Privacy Today
- Plenary 3: Datamining the Unknown Unknowns: Is It Useful for Knowing
What We Don't Know We Don't Know?

Lara Flint is Staff Counsel at the Center for Democracy and Technology, a
non-profit public interest organization dedicated to protecting civil liberties and
democratic values in the digital age. Flint's work at CDT focuses on national
security, Fourth Amendment and government surveillance issues. She has spoken and
written extensively on the USA PATRIOT Act as well as the Total Information
Awareness program, the CAPPS II airline passenger screening system, and other
government data mining projects.

Prior to joining CDT, Flint was an attorney at Jenner & Block's Washington
office and practiced in the areas of appellate, constitutional, telecommunications
and redistricting litigation. Flint also has worked at the Center for National
Security Studies, where she concentrated on Fourth Amendment issues and the Freedom
of Information Act, and on the 2000 presidential race, where she focused on
technology, national security and foreign policy issues.

Flint is a magna cum laude graduate of Harvard Law School. She graduated with
highest distinction from the Medill School of Journalism at Northwestern
University, where she also earned a degree in international studies. After law
school, Flint clerked for the Honorable Milton I. Shadur in the United States
District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.

Grace A. Galligher is an attorney with the Coalition of California Welfare
Rights Organizations, a nonprofit backup center to California's legal services
field programs. Prior to CCWRO, Grace was an attorney for the Legal Institute for
Social Equity and in private practice. She holds degrees from California State
University and Lincoln Law School and is a member of the California Bar. Her major
litigation activities include Sheyko v. Saenz, a challenge to the requirement that
adult family members in a household who are not eligible for CalWORKS or Food Stamp
benefits to be finger-imaged and photo-imaged as a condition precedent for receipt
of Food Stamps or CalWORKS benefits by eligible family members. She also litigated
Deparini v. Bonta, a challenge to the adequacy of the Denti Cal notices used to
deny specific dental services to its beneficiaries. The notices did not state with
specificity the reasons for the service denial and fail to cite any legal authority
relevant to the denial. As a result of the lawsuit, the Denti-Cal denial notice
now includes 46 reasons for denial of the request for dental services.

Eric Garland is co-founder and Chief Executive Officer of
BigChampagne Media Measurement, a privately-held technology and market research
company specializing in online media, with a focus on peer-to-peer (P2P) networks.

Garland is recognized as one of the industry's leading
authorities on the global file sharing phenomenon. His report last year to the
California State Senate was the basis of the Associated Press story "Analyst:
Internet file-sharing bigger than record business." Most recently, Garland
contributed data and analysis to the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development) flagship publication "IT Outlook 2004" and Forrester's research
report "From Discs to Downloads."

Garland's commentary appears in the media frequently, and his
remarks can be found often in the pages of The New York Times, The Wall Street
Journal, and USA Today. Garland has provided information and insight into online
music to publications including Time, Newsweek, BusinessWeek and Fortune. He has
been featured on Nightline, Good Morning America and National Public Radio as a
digital music pundit, and is a regular guest on Los Angeles FM talk radio 97.1 KLSX
in that capacity. Most recently, he has been a repeat guest lecturer at UCLA,
speaking on the impact of new technologies on entertainment businesses.

In October of 2003, WIRED magazine anointed BigChampagne the
Nielsen television ratings of online music. BigChampagne pioneered the concept of
peer-to-peer (P2P) measurement starting with the popular Napster community, and is
today an industry standard research tool. BigChampagne's customers and subscribers
include MTV/Viacom, major record labels, commercial radio stations, artists,
managers and other music industry professionals. BigChampagne's chart syndication
partners include Premiere Radio Networks (a division of Clear Channel
Entertainment), Entertainment Weekly and E! Entertainment Television.

Before co-founding BigChampagne in 1999, Garland was an
associate with global management consulting firm Towers Perrin in the Communication
and Measurement practice where, according to WIRED, "he spent much of his twenties
dashing through airports and hotel restaurants telling people how to run their
businesses."

Mr. Genetski is a partner in the Washington, DC office of Sonnenschein Nath &
Rosenthal LLP, where he is the vice-chair of the firm's Information Security and
Internet Enforcement Practice Group. Mr. Genetski has extensive experience advising
clients on protecting proprietary information and intellectual property online. He
conducts investigations for companies suffering a breach of computer security,
infringement of intellectual property or other hostile Internet activity, and
represents those companies in civil litigation or criminal referrals. He also
counsels clients on compliance with the emerging set of information security
regulations, and assesses the risks arising from the storage and transfer of data
over computer networks.

Mr. Genetski has litigated a number of significant DMCA, Copyright Act,
Lanham Act and trade secret theft cases, and assisted clients in devising and
executing comprehensive anti-piracy strategies involving a combination of legal,
technical and nontraditional solutions. He represents a number of Internet portals
and information security technology providers on a wide variety of issues,
including compliance with laws governing electronic information and in connection
with government requests for information.

Mr. Genetski is a former trial attorney in the Computer Crime and
Intellectual Property Section of the Criminal Division of the Department of
Justice, where he coordinated the investigations of several prominent computer
crime cases, including the widely publicized Denial of Service Attacks that hit
e-commerce sites eBay, Amazon.com and others in February 2000, and prosecuted
criminal copyright, trademark and Economic Espionage Act cases. He also trained
federal prosecutors and agents on computer crime, intellectual property rights
enforcement, privacy, encryption, critical infrastructure protection and other
issues arising in connection with new technologies.

Mr. Genetski regularly lectures to a wide variety of audiences on topics
related to computer crime and information security, and currently serves as an
Adjunct Professor of Computer Crime Law at the Georgetown University Law Center.

Daniel J. Gervais is the Oslers Professor of Technology Law at the Faculty of
Law of the University of Ottawa (Common Law Section). During the Winter '04 term,
he is Visiting Scholar at Stanford Law School. He was also named Trilateral
Distinguished Scholar for 2004 by Michigan State University's Detroit College of
Law.

Prior to his teaching career, Prof. Gervais was successively Head of Section at
the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Legal Officer at the GATT (now
the World Trade Organization) and Vice-President, International of Copyright
Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), the world's largest reproduction right organization
(RRO), based in Danvers, Massachusetts. He also served as consultant to the
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Paris and on
several occasions to various Departments of the Canadian Government.

Dr. Gervais is the author of several articles, three books and a number of book
chapters on copyright law and management, and international intellectual property
law, published in six different languages. His book on the history and
interpretation of the TRIPS Agreement (2nd edition, Sweet & Maxwell, 2003) is
widely considered as the authoritative reference tool on this important agreement.
His paper entitled "Feist Goes Global: A Comparative Analysis of the Notion of
Originality in Copyright Law" (49:4 J. of the Copyright. Society of the USA,
949-981 (2002)) won the Charles B. Seton Award (best paper of 2002-03), the first
time the award was given to a non-US author in the Copyright Society's 50-year
history. Dr. Gervais recently released two papers (available on SSRN); the first
proposes a licensing regime for file-sharing that could be implemented without
legislative amendments; the other proposes a new TRIPS-compatible international
norm in the field of copyright (the "reverse three-step test") that would protect
rightsholders yet facilitate both private and transformative reuse of copyrighted
material.

Prof. Gervais became a member of the Quebec Bar in 1985 where he finished first
overall and obtained all available awards. He is also admitted to the Bar of
Ontario. He practiced intellectual property law at a Montreal law firm for several
years. Dr. Gervais holds a Doctor of Laws degree magna cum laude from Nantes
University (France), a Diploma in International Copyright Law magna cum laude from
the Graduate Institute of Advanced International Studies (Geneva), as well as an
LL.M. and an LL.B. from McGill University and the University of Montreal. Prior to
studying law, Dr. Gervais studied computer science in Montreal. Dr. Gervais speaks
French, English, Spanish and German.

Françoise Gilbert is an attorney, and the founder and managing
director of the IT Law Group. She concentrates her practice on information
management issues, including information technology transactions, information
privacy and information security counseling. Ms. Gilbert also serves on the Board
of Advisors of two technology start-ups based in Silicon Valley.

Ms. Gilbert is an Adjunct Professor of law at the University of Illinois,
Chicago Campus, and a Co-Chair of the PLI Privacy Law Institute. Ms. Gilbert has
advised lawmakers on policy and regulatory issues, including the Western Governors
Association and a U.S. Senator. She has held leadership positions with the American
Bar Association and the Chicago Bar Association. Before founding the IT Law Group,
Ms. Gilbert was a partner in two national law firms based in Chicago, IL and in
Palo Alto, CA.

Ms. Gilbert holds laws degrees from Loyola University (Chicago, Illinois)
and University of Paris (France), and a graduate degree in Mathematics. She is
admitted to practice law in California, Illinois, and France.

Jacques Gilbert is Senior Vice-President and Chief Architect at First Data
Corporation. Before this, he co-founded and was the CTO of Internet Systems Corp.,
which developed the premier transaction processing software for commercial and
international financial institutions. Mr. Gilbert is a graduate of Ecole Centrale
in Paris, France.

A leader in electronic commerce and payment services, First Data serves
approximately 3.5 million merchant locations, 1,400 card issuers, and millions of
consumers. The company provides credit, debit, smart card and stored-value card;
issuing and merchant transaction processing services; Internet commerce solutions;
money transfer services; money orders; and check processing and verification
services throughout the United States. It also offers a variety of payment services
in North America, the EU, Australia, and the Middle East.

Nick Gillespie (gillespie at reason.com) is editor-in-chief of Reason, the
libertarian monthly that was recently named one of "The 50 Best Magazines" by the
Chicago Tribune and a "Small Magazine We Adore" by the industry bible Folio. His
work has appeared in The New York Times, the Washington Post, the Wall Street
Journal, the Los Angeles Times, and many other places. He is the editor of Choice:
The Best of Reason Magazine, forthcoming in September from Benbella Books.

Beth Givens is founder and director of the Privacy Rights Clearinghouse,
established in 1992. The PRC is a nonprofit consumer education, research, and
advocacy organization located in San Diego.

Ms. Givens has developed the PRC's Fact Sheet series as author and editor. The
series provides information on how to safeguard one's privacy in a wide variety of
situations including: identity theft, telemarketing, junk mail, medical records,
the Internet, employment background checks, and financial records. In addition,
she is the author of The Privacy Rights Handbook: How to Take Control of Your
Personal Information and is co-author of Privacy Piracy: A Guide to
Protecting Yourself from Identity Theft.

Givens is frequently interviewed for media stories on privacy and identity
theft. She represents the interests of consumers in public policy proceedings at
the state and federal levels (California Legislature, U.S. Congress, and federal
and state regulatory agencies such as the Federal Trade Commission). She has
participated in numerous public policy task forces and commissions including:
California Secretary of State Voter Privacy Task Force, TRUSTe Wireless Advisory
Committee, U.S. Decennial Census Advisory Committee, California Task Force on
Criminal Identity Theft, Justice Management Institute Advisory Committee on
Electronic Access to Court Records, and the California Judicial Council
Subcommittee on Privacy and Access.

Mike Godwin served as the first Staff Counsel for the Electronic Frontier
Foundation, where he informed users of electronic networks about their legal rights
and responsibilities, instructed criminal lawyers and law-enforcement personnel
about computer civil-liberties issues, and conducted seminars about civil liberties
in electronic communication for a wide range of groups. Godwin has published
articles for print and electronic publications on topics such as electronic
searches and seizures, the First Amendment & electronic publications, and the
application of international law to computer communications. In 1991-92, Godwin
chaired a committee of the Massachusetts Computer Crime Commission, where he
supervised the drafting of recommendations to Governor Weld for the development of
computer-crime statutes.

Godwin has written articles about social and legal issues on the electronic
frontier that have appeared in the Whole Earth Review, Quill, Index on Censorship,
Internet World, WIRED & HotWired, and Playboy. From 1999 to 2001, Godwin served as
a reporter on e-commerce and intellectual-property issues for American Lawyer
Media, first as senior editor of E-Commerce Law Weekly, then as chief correspondent
of IP Worldwide. Most recently, he has been a senior policy fellow at the Center
for Democracy and Technology, and he now serves as senior technology counsel for
Public Knowledge, and is a contributing editor at Reason.

Godwin is a graduate of the University of Texas School of Law where he served,
while still a law student, as Editor-in-Chief of The Daily Texan, the award winning
University of Texas student newspaper. Prior to his legal studies, Godwin worked as
a journalist and as a computer consultant. He received a B.A. in liberal arts from
the University of Texas at Austin with highest honors, and was elected Phi Beta
Kappa.

Godwin served as co-counsel to the plaintiffs in the Supreme Court case Reno v.
ACLU. EFF was also a plaintiff in that case. Godwin's first book, Cyber Rights:
Defending Free Speech in the Digital Age, was published by Random House/Times Books
in the summer of 1998.

Unaccountably, Godwin was named in the September 1996 issue of Texas Monthly as
one of that year's "most impressive, intriguing, and influential Texans," even
though he had not lived or worked in Texas for the preceding six years. Apparently
you can't take the Texas out of the boy.

Jennifer Stisa Granick joined Stanford Law School in January 2001, as
Lecturer in Law and Executive Director of the Center for Internet and Society
(CIS). She teaches, speaks and writes on the full spectrum of Internet law issues
including computer crime and security, national security, constitutional rights,
and electronic surveillance, areas in which her expertise is recognized nationally.

Granick came to Stanford after almost a decade practicing
criminal defense law in California. Her experience includes stints at the Office of
the State Public Defender and at a number of criminal defense boutiques, before
founding the Law Offices of Jennifer S. Granick, where she focused on hacker
defense and other computer law representations at the trial and appellate level in
state and federal court. At Stanford, she currently teaches the Cyberlaw Clinic,
one of the nation's few law and technology litigation clinics.

Granick continues to consult on computer crime cases and serves on the
Board of Directors of the Honeynet Project, which collects data on computer
intrusions for the purposes of developing defensive tools and practices. She was
selected by Information Security magazine in 2003 as one of 20 "Women of Vision" in
the computer security field. She earned her law degree from University of
California, Hastings College of the Law and her undergraduate degree from the New
College of the University of South Florida.

Nicola Green is currently lecturing at the University of Surrey in the
Dept. of Sociology. She received her Ph.D. from Canterbury and her M.A. from
Massey. She is a member of the European Association for the Study of Science and
Technology, and currently Consultant to the Royal Society's "Cybertrust" on behalf
of the UK Department of Trade and Industry. Recent research has included
"Regulation, Information and the Self: Ownership in Mobile Environments". She is
now embarking on two new projects, including "Constructing the Future of Feminist
Science and Technology Studies in UK Social Science," and "Digiplay: Experience and
Consequences of Technologies of Leisure." She has numerous publications regarding
mobility, wirelessness, and social norms such as privacy, accountability, and
monitoring.

Jackie Y. Griffin is the Director of Library Services at the Berkeley
Public Library. Prior to that, she was the Director of the Eugene Public Library
in Oregon. She is a member of both the CLA and PLA Intellectual Freedom
Committees, and is also on the CLA Assembly.

- Workshop: Privacy and Civil Liberties Issues in Computing Applications
Research and Development
- BOF 3: The Future of the Patriot Act

Andrew Grosso is the principle attorney of the Washington, D.C. law firm
Andrew Grosso & Associates. He is a 1980 graduate of Notre Dame Law School, and
holds Master of Science degrees in both physics and computer science from
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Before starting his law firm in 1994, Mr. Grosso
served as an Assistant U.S. Attorney in Tampa, Florida, and Boston, Massachusetts.
Among Mr. Grosso's areas of practice are Internet Law, Privacy Issues, White Collar
Defense, and Civil Litigation. He currently chairs the Law Committee of the ACM,
is a member of the Executive Committee of USACM, and is active with the Criminal
Justice Section of the American Bar Association.

Robert Guerra is a leading privacy advocate based in Toronto, Canada. After
working for several years in the medical research field, he now works with Human
Rights NGOs to help them improve their information privacy and security practices.
He is active within the international electronic privacy community, sitting on the
board of Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility (CPSR). He has also been
actively involved in all key meetings of the preparatory process of the UN World
Summit on the Information Society, including as a panelist at the Pan European and
Latin American Regional Meeting, and an NGO member of the Canadian delegation to
the second preparatory meeting. Robert also sits on the advisory board of several
non-proftis, including Taking IT Global (www.takingitglobal.org) and the Vancouver
Community Network (www.vcn.bc.ca).

Jim Harper is the Editor of Privacilla.org, a Web-based think-tank devoted
exclusively to privacy as a public policy issue. He is also founder and Principal
of Information Age public policy consulting firm PolicyCounsel.Com. In addition,
Mr. Harper serves as an Adjunct Fellow with The Progress & Freedom Foundation and
as a member of the Advisory Committee to the Congressional Internet Caucus.

Jim regularly speaks and advocates on issues at the intersection of
business, technology, and public policy. He is a native of California and a member
of the California bar. Mr. Harper has broad experience in a variety of public
policy positions. He served as counsel to committees in both the United States
House of Representatives and the United States Senate, where he dealt with issues
as varied as federal regulation and administrative procedure, Y2K liability,
biomaterials access, telecommunications, Internet taxation, immigration, campaign
finance reform, intergovernmental relations, property rights, bankruptcy, and
criminal justice.

- Concurrent 4: Nations vs. the Net: The UN World Summit on the
Information Society

A leading Internet law and public policy authority, Peter Harter advises
software companies and non-profits on investor and customer relations as well as on
business and regulatory strategy. Previously, as Securify's SVP for Business
Development and Public Policy, Peter managed relationships with senior government
officials and industry executives. He was elected by peers to two consecutive terms
as Chair of the Information Security Committee of the Information Technology
Association of America. Prior to Securify, Peter was VP Global Public Policy &
Standards for EMusic, focusing on the Secure Digital Music Initiative. Industry
executives elected Peter as President of the Digital Media Association. And at the
beginning of his career in Silicon Valley Peter was Global Public Policy Counsel
for Netscape. Early on Peter helped shape the Technology Network, the industry's
CEO and VC led political action committee, and served as Chair of the Public Policy
Committee.

Since co-founding the Internet Law & Policy Forum in 1995 Peter has been working
across industries and countries to build relationships that support an objective
approach for the discovery and production of expert positions that gain consensus
and benefit the community. Peter holds a B.A. in Rhetoric & Government from Lehigh
University and a J.D. from Villanova Law School. In its July 1998 issue, Business
2.0 named him one of "The 25 Most Intriguing Minds of the New Economy." Peter
began using the Internet in 1986.

Edward Hasbrouck is a journalist, consumer advocate, author of the "Practical
Nomad" series of travel how-to and advice books (http://www.PracticalNomad.com), travel
industry insider, and staff "Travel Guru" at Airtreks.com (an Internet travel
agency in San Francisco). His reporting on his Web site (http://hasbrouck.org) and blog on privacy issues
related to travel data won a 2002-2003 Lowell Thomas Travel Journalism Award for
investigative reporting from the Society of American Travel Writers Foundation.
As the leading consumer advocate for the privacy rights of travelers, he has been a
consultant to numerous privacy organizations, and has briefed both Congressional
and European Parliamentary staff on travel privacy issues.

Jon Healey is a staff writer at the Los Angeles Times, where he covers
the convergence of entertainment and technology. Frequent story topics include
copyright-infringement lawsuits, online music and movie services,
copyright-infringement lawsuits, digital rights management,
copyright-infringement lawsuits, anti-piracy enforcement efforts,
copyright-infringement lawsuits, and new business models for digital distribution
of entertainment. A 24-year veteran of the news business whose career has been
distinguished more by volume than quality, he joined the Times in October
2000 after three years as a telecom and multimedia reporter for the San Jose
Mercury News. Prior to that, he spent seven years in Washington for
Congressional Quarterly and the Winston-Salem Journal, covering
telecommunications and transportation policy, tobacco, textiles and the NEA.

Dr. Drew Hemment, AHRB Research Fellow in
Creative Technologies at University of Salford, UK

He was involved in the early development of dance culture in the UK, has
subsequently been active within electronic music and media arts, and has sought to
explore the connections between art and activism with projects on surveillance and
migration, as well as activist debates and interventions from Bosnia to
Bangladesh.

- Concurrent 3: Gatekeepers of the Web? The Unexpected Power of Search
Engines

Matthew Hindman is a Ph.D. Candidate in Politics at Princeton University,
and is a visiting doctoral fellow at the NCDG during the 2002-2003 academic year.
He received his B.A. Magna Cum Laude and Phi Beta Kappa from Willamette University
in Salem, Oregon. He has attended Princeton on a Jacob K. Javits Fellowship
awarded by the U.S. Department of Education.

He has longstanding research interests in technology and politics, public
opinion, and political theory. His dissertation project examines the Web's impact
on the formation of mass opinion. In part, it uses survey research to demonstrate
that political attitudes play an important role in who uses the Web political
purposes, suggesting that the "Digital Divide" is ideological as well as
demographic. Ongoing work involves large-scale analysis of hyperlink structures in
communities of political websites, documenting the structure and extent of online
political information.

- Workshop: Privacy and Civil Liberties Issues in Computing Applications
Research and Development
- Tutorial 1: Who Are You? The Basics of Identity, Authentication and
Privacy Today

Marcia Hofmann is Staff Counsel at the Electronic Privacy Information
Center (EPIC), a public interest research center in Washington, D.C. EPIC was
established in 1994 to focus public attention on emerging civil liberties issues
and to protect privacy, the First Amendment, and constitutional values. Ms.
Hofmann's work at EPIC focuses on litigation as well as governmental and commercial
privacy Issues, including data mining initiatives and air travel privacy. She is a
graduate of Mount Holyoke College and the University of Dayton School of Law.

Chris Jay Hoofnagle is associate director of the Electronic Privacy
Information Center. He has testified before Congress on privacy and Social
Security Numbers, identity theft, and the Fair Credit Reporting ACE, and before
the Judicial Conference of the U.S. on public records and privacy.

- Plenary 9: The Council of Europe Cybercrime Treaty-- the Treaty Most of
the Net Hasn't Heard Of But That May Change It Forever

Gus Hosein is a Fellow in the Department of Information Systems at the
London School of Economics and Political Science. He also directs the
Terrorizing Rights project at Privacy International, studying the
development of anti-terrorism laws and policies world-wide. In cooperation with the
American Civil Liberties Union, he also runs a project on Policy Laundering and
other International Policy Dynamics. He holds on tightly to a B.Math from the
University of Waterloo and a doctorate from the LSE. More information can be found
at http://is.lse.ac.uk/staff/hosein.

- BOF 1: The Great American Privacy Makeover, Undressed: Methodology and
Results

Lisa Huck is the Director of PC World's research department, and serves as
liaison between the magazine and the research firms that carry out our surveys. For
this story, she helped engineer the questions and answers in the survey to ensure a
minimum of statistical bias based on language, worked directly with the survey
company that ran the project, and produced summary statistical results from the raw
results delivered by the survey firm.

Mike Jerbic is a private consultant in information security operations and
engineering management, who brings 20 years of experience developing, managing, and
delivering enterprise-class high technology products. Prior to forming Trusted
Systems Consulting, Mr. Jerbic held numerous engineering and management positions
at Hewlett Packard, including management positions in operating system security,
web services security and management, and data protection.

Mr. Jerbic currently chairs the Open Group's Security Forum where he's leadings
its Enterprise Vulnerability Management initiative and is a frequent contributor to
professional information security organizations. He holds electrical engineering
and computer sciences bachelors and masters degrees from the University of
California at Berkeley, is a Certified Information Systems Security Professional, a
certified Project Management Professional, and holder of one US patent.

Dr. Johnson has represented the ACM's technical special-interest groups on
ACM Council since 1990. An ACM volunteer since 1982, he is the 2003 recipient of
the Outstanding Contributions to the ACM award.

Dr. Johnson's major industrial accomplishments include contributing to the
C optimizing compiler on the R&D team for HP's PA-RISC architecture, initiating the
Sun Ada project, leading the team that produced Sun's SPARCompilers product line,
and leading the team that produced Sun's first Internet release of Java. He also
has work at several start-ups and currently is an Adjunct Associate Professor in
the Computer and Engineering Science program at Sonoma State University.

Long known as one of the most imaginative and original talents in systems
development, Mr. Jonas created his first software product at age 16 and started his
first company at age 18. He founded SRD in 1983. Since then, he has guided more
than 50 major systems development efforts, including such innovations as a
paperless employment system, an Internet-based surveillance intelligence network
enabled with facial recognition and degree-of-separation relationship testing. With
the introduction of SI Warehouse (now ERIK) and NORA products in 2000, Mr. Jonas
shifted the focus of SRD from custom system development to software products and
services.

Mr. Jonas is an active contributor to a number of national think tanks that
focus on privacy and civil liberties in this digital age, including the Markle
Foundation Task Force on National Security in the Information Age; the Center for
Democracy and Technology's Data Mining Roundtables; and the Center for Strategic
and International Studies (CSIS) Data Mining and Biometrics.

Tom Kalil, Science Advisor to the Chancellor,
University of California, Berkeley

- Plenary 5: Trusted Computing

- Plenary 6: Open Source, Open Society

Tom Kalil is the special assistant to the Chancellor for Science and Technology for
UC Berkeley - where he is responsible for developing new interdisciplinary research
and education initiatives in areas such as biotechnology, information technology,
and nanotechnology.

Prior to coming to Berkeley, Tom worked on the White House National Economic
Council from 1993 to 2001, most recently as the Deputy Assistant to President
Clinton for Technology and Economic Policy. He was the NEC's point person a wide
range of science and technology issues - including the National Nanotechnology
Initiative, the Educational Technology Initiative, and the effort to increase
funding for long-term computer science research at NSF and DARPA.
Tom is the author of articles on a variety of subjects - including a 1996 article
in IEEE Communications called "Leveraging Cyberspace" which discusses GNU and
Linux.

- Concurrent 12: Next Generation Democracy: The Internet, Young Voters,
and Election 2004

Vincent M. Keenan founded Publius.org, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization
dedicated to promoting civic participation and cultivating new ideas voter
education in 1996 when he was 23 years old. Publius' early work eventually became
Michigan's official voter information guide, The Michigan Secretary of State
Publius Voter Information Center (www.sospublius.org). Michigan's Voter Information
Center has become a recognized standard after which many states are now modeling
their own programs.

Doug Kellner has served as one of the ten commissioners of the New York
City Board of Elections since 1993. He is the Democratic commissioner from
Manhattan.

In his regular job, Commissioner Kellner is a partner in the law firm of
Kellner Chehebar & Deveney. He specializes in the area of real estate litigation
and represents a large number of tenants groups, cooperatives, and some non-profit
institutional landlords. Mr. Kellner received considerable attention in 1986 when
he revived the Bawdy House Law, first enacted in 1840, and used it as a device
where neighbors could seek to evict drug dealers. His use of this law for that
purpose was quickly copied by district attorneys and housing authorities throughout
the country.

Before he became commissioner, Mr. Kellner was the election lawyer for
the Democratic Party in Manhattan. He has argued more than forty election cases
before the New York State Court of Appeals, the highest court in the state. Perhaps
because of his experience as an election lawyer, he became an outspoken advocate
for ballot access reform.

Commissioner Kellner led the opposition to the implementation of
the 1992 contract to replace New York City's lever voting machines with electronic
voting machines, but he has also been instrumental in promoting new technology for
scanning absentee and provisional ballots. He drafted model procedures to open the
process of canvassing ballots to public scrutiny and convinced his fellow
commissioners to adopt rules that provided meaningful due process in ballot
challenges.

Most recently, he led a successful battle to restore devices to New York
City'S lever voting machines to prevent voters from leaving the voting machine
without casting a valid vote. He has become a voice for reform in an agency that
has often been the last to hear that call.

Nuala O'Connor Kelly was appointed Chief Privacy Officer of the Department
of Homeland Security by Secretary Ridge on April 16, 2003. In this capacity,
O'Connor Kelly is responsible for privacy compliance across the organization,
including assuring that the technologies sustain, and do not erode, privacy
protections relating to the use, collection, and disclosure of personal
information. ŽÂŽ The privacy office is also responsible for compliance with the
Privacy Act and for evaluating legislative and regulatory proposals involving
collection, use, and disclosure of personal information by the Federal
Government.

Prior to her service at the Department of Homeland Security, O'Connor Kelly
served as Chief Privacy Officer at the U.S. Department of Commerce. ŽÂŽ While at
Commerce, O'Connor Kelly also served as Chief Counsel for Technology, and as Deputy
Director of the Office of Policy and Strategic Planning.

Prior to her service in the Bush Administration, Ms. O'Connor Kelly served
as Vice President-Data Protection and Chief Privacy Officer for Emerging
Technologies of the online media services company, DoubleClick. O'Connor Kelly
helped found the company's first data protection department and was responsible for
the creation of privacy and data protection policies and procedures throughout the
company and for the company's clients and partners. O'Connor Kelly also served as
the company's first deputy general counsel for privacy.

Ms. O'Connor Kelly practiced law with the firms of Sidley & Austin, Hudson
Cook, and Venable, Baetjer, Howard & Civiletti in Washington, D.C. She is a member
of the bar in Washington, D.C. and Maryland. O'Connor Kelly received her A.B. from
Princeton University, a master's of education from Harvard University, and J.D.
from the Georgetown University Law Center.

Scott Konopasek began his appointment as Registrar of Voters for San
Bernardino County in January 2003. Since his arrival, he has led the county through
the acquisition and implementation of two new voting technologies to replace the
old but reliable punch card system. As Registrar of Voters for San Bernardino
County, Scott is responsible for administering elections for the largest geographic
election jurisdiction in the continental United States (21,000 square miles), with
650,000 registered voters.

Scott's election career began in 1995, after a 15 year career as an Army
Intelligence Officer, when he was appointed as the Elections and Voter Registration
Manager for Salt Lake County, Utah. He later accepted the position of Elections
Manager in Snohomish County, Washington (Seattle Area) from 1997 - 2002, where he
took the lead in their conversion from punch card to electronic voting. His
experience in elections spans all voting technologies: paper ballots, punch cards,
optical scan and, most recently, electronic voting.

- Concurrent 4: Nations vs. the Net: The UN World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)

Last year Bertrand started the open-wsis group. Previously Bertrand has worked for the Foreign Ministry in the French government and before that he started a software company that enables the authoring of video games.

- Workshop: Privacy and Civil Liberties Issues in Computing Applications
Research and Development. "Science -- and Thinking about Ethical Solutions."
- Tutorial 1: Who Are You? The Basics of Identity, Authentication and
Privacy Today
- Plenary 9: The Council of Europe Cybercrime Treaty-- the Treaty Most of
the Net Hasn't Heard Of But That May Change It Forever

Susan Landau is Senior Staff Engineer at Sun Microsystems Laboratories,
where she concentrates on the interplay between security and public policy. She is
currently working on digital rights management and helped establish Sun's stance on
DRM. Her earlier activities included work on cryptography and export control.

Before joining Sun, Landau was a faculty member at the University of
Massachusetts and Wesleyan University, and held visiting positions at Yale,
Cornell, and the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute at Berkeley. She and
Whitfield Diffie have written "Privacy on the Line: The Politics of Wiretapping
and Encryption," which won 1998 Donald McGannon Communication Policy Research
Award, and the 1999 IEEE-USA Award for Distinguished Literary Contributions
Furthering Public Understanding of the Profession. Landau is also primary author
of the 1994 Association for Computing Machinery report "Codes, Keys, and
Conflicts: Issues in US Crypto Policy." Prior to her work in policy, Landau did
research in symbolic computation and algebraic algorithms, discovering several
polynomial-time algorithms for problems that previously only had exponential-time
solutions.

Landau is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of
Science. She is a member of the National Institute of Standards and Technology's
Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board, as well as a member of the
Computing Research Association Committee on the Status of Women in Computing
Research. She has been a member of the Association for Computing Machinery's
Advisory Committee on Privacy and Security and ACM's Committee on Law and Computing
Technology as well as an associate editor of the Notices of American Mathematical
Society. She has appeared on NPR several times, and has had articles published in
the "Boston Globe," "Chicago Tribune," "Christian Science Monitor," "Scientific
American," as well as numerous scientific journals. Landau received her PhD from
MIT (1983), her MS from Cornell (1979), and her BA from Princeton (1976).

As HP's Chief Privacy Officer, Barbara Lawler is responsible for global privacy strategy, policy, and standards to support the HP brand and the company's standing as an exemplary corporate citizen. Collaborating with internal customer and employee privacy teams, she oversees privacy governance, compliance assessment, employee education, communication, consumer outreach and technology roadmap integration. She has testified before the U.S. Congress and Senate about HP's privacy leadership practices. She is a member of the BBBOnLine Board of Directors, the International Association of Privacy Professionals (IAPP) Board of Directors, the Conference Board Council of Chief Privacy Officers, the WiredKids Advisory Board, the Ponemon Institute RIM Council and has served on the California Office of Privacy Protection Advisory Board. She is a frequent speaker at U.S. and international conferences, and has authored articles on ethical privacy practices.

Mark Lemley is the Elizabeth Josslyn Boalt Chair in Law at the Boalt Hall
School of Law, University of California at Berkeley, and a co-Director of the
Berkeley Center for Law and Technology. He teaches intellectual property,
computer and Internet law, patent law, and antitrust. He is of counsel to the law
firm of Keker & Van Nest, where he litigates in the areas of antitrust,
intellectual property and computer law. He is the author of six books (all in
multiple editions) and 54 articles on these and related subjects, including the
two-volume treatise IP and Antitrust. He has taught intellectual property law to
federal and state judges at numerous Federal Judicial Center and ABA programs,
has testified five times before Congress or the Federal Trade Commission on
patent, antitrust and constitutional law matters, and has filed numerous amicus
briefs before the U.S. Supreme Court, the California Supreme Court, and the
federal circuit courts of appeals. He has chaired or co-chaired more than two
dozen major conferences on antitrust, intellectual property and computer law,
including Computers Freedom and Privacy '98, and he was the 1997 Chair of the
Association of American Law Schools Section on Law and Computers.

Professor Lemley received his J.D. from Boalt Hall School of Law at the
University of California at Berkeley, and his A.B. from Stanford University. In
2002 he was chosen Boalt's Young Alumnus of the Year. After graduating from law
school, he clerked for Judge Dorothy Nelson on the United States Court of Appeals
for the Ninth Circuit, and has practiced law in Silicon Valley with Brown & Bain
and with Fish & Richardson. Before joining the Boalt faculty in January 2000 as a
Professor of Law, he was the Marrs McLean Professor of Law at the University of
Texas School of Law. In Fall 2003 he was a Visiting Professor at Stanford Law
School.

Agnes Li is a JD Candidate, Harvard Law School (HLS), class of 2006. She
has been very interested in public policy and Internet Law. Currently, she
participates on the Chilling Effects Research Project for the HLS Berkman Internet
Law Center. Agnes graduated from Stanford University in June, 2003, with a B.S. in
Computer Science. She spent her past summers working as a software engineer for
Intel, Trilogy Software, and Agilent Technologies, as well as pursuing her interest
in law at Center for Internet and Society (CIS) at Stanford Law School.

David Link has been practicing law for fifteen years. He graduated from
Loyola of Los Angeles Law School, and has an M.A. from the Claremont Graduate
School. He currently serves in the Capitol as Special Counsel to state Senator Liz
Figueroa. He has worked on Senator Figueroa's technology and privacy legislation
since 1996.

Prior to this position, he was counsel to the state's Office of Patient
Advocate in the Department of Managed Health Care. He has also served as Principal
Consultant to the Assembly Insurance Committee, and as staff counsel to the
Proposition 103 Enforcement Project in Santa Monica, a group dedicated to helping
consumers in insurance related matters. In addition to his legal and government
work, David's writing has been published in the Los Angeles Times, the Chicago
Tribune, Reason Magazine, and California Lawyer.

Jessica Litman is Professor of Law at Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan,
where she teaches courses in copyright law, Internet law, and trademarks and unfair
competition. She is the author of DIGITAL COPYRIGHT (Prometheus Books 2001), and
the coauthor with Jane Ginsburg and Mary Lou Kevlin of a casebook on Trademarks and
Unfair Competition Law (Foundation Press 2001). She has published many articles on
copyright law, trademark law and Internet law.

Prof. Dr. Marcel Machill, Professor for Journalism & International
Media Systems, Univ. of Leipzig, Germany, and the Bertelsmann Foundation
Professor of International Media, University of Leipzig

- Concurrent 3: Gatekeepers of the Web? The Unexpected Power of Search
Engines

Prof. Dr. Marcel Machill is a tenured professor of journalism, with an
emphasis on international media systems, at the University of Leipzig in Germany.
Until October 2002, he led the department of Media Policy at the Bertelsmann
Foundation, when: he remains an active advisor for International Media Politics
and Media Economics research. as well as project management. From 1997 to 1999
Dr. Machill was a McCloy Scholar at Harvard University in Cambridge, USA. He
holds academic degrees from three; countries: Before going to Harvard and earning
a Master of Public Administration (MPA) at the John F. Kennedy School of
Government (1997-99), he studied journalism and psychology in both Paris, France.
and Dortmund, Germany. Re holds an MA (1993) from the French journalism institute
Centre des Formation des Journalistes (CF), and a diploma (1994 - "with honors")
from the University of Dortmund. In 1997 he graduated ("summa cum laude") with a
PhD from the chair of media policy and media economy, completing a thesis on the
topic "French Media and Language Policy'". His thesis was honored by the
University of Dortmund with the 1997 prize of "outstanding thesis of the year".

Prof. Machill has spoken at numerous conferences on the topic of
"Internet Regulation" and "Internet Governance". In August, 2000, lie acted as a
consultant to the US Congress regarding the Commission for the Protection of
Children Online Act, in San Jose, CA. In 2002 he spoke as an expert before the
Federal State Parliament of North-Rhine Westphalia. Germany, about the fight
against online violence. In 2003, he acted as a project evaluator for the
European Commission (Directore General "Information Society").

Apart from his scholarly work (before becoming a tenured university
professor in Leipzig, he has lectured at several universities, mostly at the
Heinrich-Hcinc-University in Dusseldorf, the Westfalische-Wilhelms- University in
Munster, and the Institute for Journalism at the University of Dortmund)
Professor Machill also worked as a journalist in both print and electronic media:
In 1991/1992 he completed a training program with the national public radio
broadcaster Deursche Welle in Cologne and Berlin; lie then worked at Radio France
Internationale in Paris, and in 1993 presented the first "Europa-Journal'";
subsequently, he was a freelance editor with Euronews-7V in Lyon, where he
anchored political Live- Reporting (mostly European Parliament). He has engaged
in freelance work with various public broadcasting companies like WDR. ORB, and
newspapers like Die Leit. the Frankfisrt Rundschau as well as with the German
National Public Television in Washington. D.C.

In addition to his work as a journalist. Marcel Machill has been
published in many renowned scientific and technical journals (for ex., the
Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, The European Journal of
Communication, The Journal of Media Economics), and has published seven books. He
speaks fluent French, English and Spanish. He enjoys music (Schubert, Schumann
and the Impressionists). modern dance theater, cabaret, and varied literature
including J. Marias, Houellebecq, Koeppen, Camus, Kafka, and 'Tucholsky.

- Concurrent 4: Nations vs. the Net: The UN World Summit on the
Information Society

David W. Maher is Chairman of the Board of Public Interest Registry, a
nonprofit corporation responsible for management of the registry of the .org top
level domain. From 1999 until 2002, he served as Vice President - Public Policy of
the Internet Society. Mr. Maher is a registered patent attorney with extensive
experience in intellectual property and entertainment law. Mr. Maher served for
over 20 years as General Counsel to the Better Business Bureau of Chicago and
Northern Illinois, Inc. and was the recipient of the Bureau's Torch of Integrity
Award in 1999.

In 1996, as a well-regarded authority on Internet domain names, Mr.
Maher was asked by the Internet Society to serve on the 11 member International Ad
Hoc Committee (IAHC). The IAHC developed proposals that included, for the first
time, provisions for expeditious resolution of disputes with "cyber-squatters".
These proposals were later adopted by the World Intellectual Property Organization
(WIPO) and now form the nucleus of the ICANN Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy
(UDRP) which provides a global arbitration and mediation system for
trademark-domain name disputes. Mr. Maher is a member of the WIPO Arbitration &
Mediation Center Panel of Neutrals.

Mr. Maher currently serves as a member of the Visiting Committee to the
Divinity School at the University of Chicago. He has lectured on communications
law and has written articles on intellectual property and communications law for
legal journals. He is a member of the American Law Institute as well as the
American Bar Association, Computer Law Association and the International Trademark
Association.

Chance Martin is editor of The Street Sheet, a monthly tabloid
newspaper written primarily by homeless and formerly homeless people, and sold by
homeless vendors in San Francisco for $1. The Street Sheet provides a perspective
on homelessness through its editorial policy and artwork that is not available in
the mainstream media. The Street Sheet is published by The Coalition on
Homelessness, San Francisco (COH), which was organized in 1987 to garner the active
participation of poor people on both the design and critique of public policy and
non-profit services that result in permanent solutions to poverty. It is a unique
organization in that the driving force is low income and homeless people, working
in every aspect of the organization, from the volunteers to the staff and
leadership body. The COH works to alleviate poverty by taking a multi faceted
strategy, attacking the forces that cause poverty from all sides. The strategy
combines making sure homeless and poor people know their rights with involving
homeless people in the shaping and formulating of public policy.

Thomas Matzzie is Online Mobilization Manager at the AFL-CIO. In that
capacity he oversees strategy, content development and implementation of AFL-CIO
Internet campaigns. He is charged with using Internet tools to help engage, educate
and mobilize the more than 13 million members of the AFL-CIO - and working families
everywhere - around key fights for a voice at work, a voice in our communities, a
voice in politics and a voice in the changing global economy. Since joining the
AFL-CIO he implemented the first AFL-CIO Internet strategic campaigns and connected
the formidable ground army of America's union leaders and activists into
Internet-based systems where they access and manage resources to do their member
mobilization work. His signature accomplishment has been the development of the
AFL-CIO's growing e-Activist Network with hundreds of thousands of member activists
who take online actions with an offline impact. His work at the AFL-CIO has been
recognized with two First Place Pollie Awards from the American Association of
Political Consultants including Best Use of Technology by a Field Organization and
Best Use of New Technology.

Prior to joining the AFL-CIO he was an activist and organizer at the Campaign for
America's Future where he organized a coalition of more than 200 national
organizations using Internet technologies and campaigned on Social Security and
global economic issues. He has more than 8 years of experience in Internet
communications - making him a veteran in this still young medium. A native of
Pittsburgh, Mr. Matzzie holds a degree in Economics from the University of Notre
Dame.

Jason Matusow is the Shared Source Initiative Manager for Microsoft. He
has worked in the software industry for ten years, joining Microsoft in 1996.
Matusow now runs the Shared Source Initiative, which handles the sharing of source
code with customers, partners, and governments. He consults globally with both
public and private organizations on the implications of source code transparency on
software business, development and licensing models.

Elliot Maxwell, Fellow, Center for the Study
of American Government, Johns Hopkins

- Concurrent 1: RFID and Privacy

Elliot Maxwell is a corporate strategist and attorney who consults and writes
on the intersection of business, technology and public policy in
telecommunications and electronic commerce. Maxwell has split his career between
the private and public sectors, providing corporate strategy advice in the office
of the Chairman of Pacific Telesis Group, advising two different chairmen of the
Federal Communications Commission and serving as the principle advisor on the
Internet and electronic commerce to U.S. Secretaries of Commerce Daley and
Mineta. He is a Distinguished Research Fellow at the Business Research Center at
Penn State University, and a Fellow of the Center for the Study of the American
Government at Johns Hopkins University. He chaired the International Policy
Advisory Council to MIT's Auto ID Center. Mr. Maxwell is a graduate of Brown
University and the Yale Law School. More information can be found at
www.emaxwell.net.

Ken McEldowney is executive director of Consumer Action, a San
Francisco based consumer advocacy and education membership organization. Consumer
Action has worked on food, insurance, utility, privacy, topics, health care,
banking, postal and telephone issues for 33 years.

Its current focus is on ensuring that the interests of low income and
limited English-speaking consumers are protected during this period of
deregulation and corporate mergers. CA's National Consumer Resource Center yearly
distributes more than two million fact sheets in up to eight languages through a
national network of 7,000 community organizations and social service
organizations. An additional 500,000 people access its multilingual Web site
(consumer-action.org).

Along with other staff, Ken. McEldowney represents the consumer
interest before state and federal regulatory bodies, Congress and the California
Legislature. At Consumer Action, he has directed its contracts with the FTC, FDA,
Federal Reserve, DOT, CPUC and HUD. Prior to coming to Consumer Action he was
consumer editor for a weekly paper. Ken McEldowney is a graduate of the
University of Michigan, with a BA in Political Science with graduate work in
economics. He is quoted widely on telephone, utility, health care, insurance,
privacy, and banking issues and has been asked to speak on a variety oŽÂŽ£ consumer
related topics at conferences throughout the country. Major corporations seek his
advice on a wide range of consumer issues and concerns.

He is president of the Consumer Federation of America--a federation of nearly
300 pro-consumer organizations with more than 50 million individual members.
Among his other responsibilities, he sits on the California Public Utilities
Commission's Universal Lifeline Telephone Service Trust Administrative Committee
and the California Department of Insurance's CAARP Advisory Committee and is
Secretary of the Coalition Against Insurance Fraud. Last year, he chaired the
Consumer Subcommittee of the FCC Consumer/ Disability Telecommunications Advisory
Committee. In addition, he serves on the Universal Service Task Force and the
Consumer Literacy Consortium Board.

- Concurrent 3: Gatekeepers of the Web? The Unexpected Power of Search
Engines

Andrew McLaughlin is Senior Policy Counsel for Google, Inc., based in
New York City. He is a non-resident Senior Fellow at the Berkman Center for
Internet & Society at Harvard Law School, where his work has focused on the law and
regulation of Internet and telecommunications networks. In recent years, he has
focused primarily on developing countries.

Working at the intersection of law, politics, economics, and technology, Andrew
leads projects to expand Internet infrastructure and services in developing
countries. He has assisted governments, NGOs, and private sector actors to
understand and analyze Internet and communications technologies; to reform their
laws, policies, and regulations; and to foster favorable environments for local
technology entrepreneurship.

Joanne McNabb is Chief of the California Office of Privacy Protection.
Created by legislation in 2000, the first-in-the-nation Office is a resource and
advocate on identity theft and other privacy issues.

In addition to starting up the Office of Privacy Protection, McNabb has
over 20 years experience in public affairs and marketing, in both the public and
private sectors, including five years with an international marketing company in
France. Her marketing background gives her an understanding of the commercial uses
of personal information that have become a significant privacy concern.

McNabb attended Occidental College and holds a master's degree in Medieval
Literature from the University of California, Davis.

Both an engineer and lawyer, Paul Misener is Amazon.com's Vice President for
Global Public Policy. In this capacity, Mr. Misener is responsible for formulating
and representing Amazon.com's public policy positions worldwide, and for managing
the company's policy specialists in Washington, Brussels, and elsewhere. He also
is President of the Internet Commerce and Communications Division of the
Information Technology Association of America, and a member of the ITAA Board of
Directors.

Mr. Misener is a frequent speaker and witness before Congress on Internet policy
issues. Formerly a partner and the chairman of the E-commerce and Internet
Practice at the law firm of Wiley, Rein & Fielding, Mr. Misener also served as
Senior Legal Advisor and Chief of Staff to a Commissioner of the Federal
Communications Commission. Prior to his federal service, Mr. Misener was Intel
Corporation's Manager of Telecommunications and Computer Technology Policy, where
he co-founded and led the computer industry's Internet Access Coalition.

Mr. Misener was a policy specialist for the U.S. Department of Commerce's
National Telecommunications and Information Administration in the late 1980s, where
he was a U.S. delegate to several conferences of the International
Telecommunication Union; prior to that, he designed communications systems for the
military.

He received a B.S.E. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from
Princeton University, where his senior thesis research included designing a
cryogenically cooled, extremely low noise, optical detector for astronomical
applications; and a J.D. from the George Mason University School of Law, from where
he also received the 2001 Distinguished Achievement Award.

- Concurrent 8: Data Retention and Privacy: A 'Real World' Approach to EU
and US Regulations

Andrea Monti - alcei at alcei.it - is an Italian lawyer. Civil Rights
advocate, he is the current chairman of Electronic Frontier Italy. His main field
of practice is the Internet and high-tech law. His academic activity is mainly
related to the universities of Chieti and Milano. But he gave lectures in several
other faculties. Mr. Montie provides - on a regular basis - lectures to law
enforcement bodies about computer crime and copyright law. As a journalist, he is
a regular columnist for several IT magazine and wrote together with Stefano
Chiccarelli the book "Spaghetti Hacker" and with Enrico Zimuel e Corrado Giustozzi,
"Segreti, spie, codici cifrati." He translated into Italian the Alan Cooper's "The
inmates are running the asylum" with the title"Il disagio tecnologico". Hops
editore published the book "Trademark online", that Mr. Monti wrote together with
Alessia Ambrosini. Since 1995 he has given speeches and talks in several national
and international conferences.

- Plenary 2: Tapping the Net, Revisited: Voice Over IP (VOIP) and Law
Enforcement
- Concurrent 7: Fahrenheit 451.3: Using ISPs to Control Content on the
Internet

John B. Morris, Jr. is Staff Counsel at the Center for Democracy & Technology
and the Director of CDT's "Internet Standards, Technology and Policy Project."
Prior to joining CDT in April 2001, Mr. Morris was a partner in the law firm of
Jenner & Block, where he litigated groundbreaking cases in Internet and First
Amendment law. He was a lead counsel in the ACLU v. Reno/American Library
Association v. U.S. Dep't of Justice case, in which the Supreme Court unanimously
overturned the Communications Decency Act of 1996 and extended to speech on the
Internet the highest level of constitutional protection. Prior to becoming a
lawyer in the mid-1980s, Mr. Morris had extensive experience in the computer
industry and founded a successful software and computer services company. He
received his B.A. magna cum laude with distinction from Yale University and his
J.D. from Yale Law School, where he was the Managing Editor of the Yale Law
Journal.

Deirdre Mulligan came to Boalt from the Center for Democracy and
Technology, where she worked to advance privacy, free speech and other democratic
values on the Internet. In 2001 she joined the Boalt faculty as acting clinical
professor and director of the Samuelson Law, Technology, and Public Policy
Clinic.

Mulligan serves on the California Internet Political Practices Commission
that was created, as a result of the rapidly expanding role of the Internet in
politics, to examine issues posed by political activity on the Internet in relation
to the goals of the Political Reform Act of 1974 and recommend necessary
legislative changes. In addition, she serves on the National Academy of Science
Committee on Authentication Technologies and their Privacy Implications to assess
emerging approaches to authentication in computing and communications systems,
focusing on the implications of authentication technologies for privacy.

Mulligan wrote "Privacy in the Digital Age: Work in Progress," in Nova Law
Review (with Berman, Winter 1999). With the Center for Democracy and Technology,
she issued a report titled Square Pegs and Round Holes: Applying the Campaign
Finance Law to the Internet--Risks to Free Expression and Democratic Values
(October 1999). She also prepared the Report to the Federal Trade Commission of
the Ad-Hoc Working Group on Unsolicited Commercial Email (July 1998).

Neil Weinstock Netanel is the Arnold, White and Durkee Centennial
Professor of Law at the University of Texas and, currently, a visiting professor
at the UCLA School of Law. Professor Netanel has authored numerous articles in
the fields of copyright, international intellectual property, and Internet
governance. His most recent article is "Impose a Noncommercial Use Levy to Allow
Free Peer-to-Peer Pile Sharing," 17 Harvard Journal of Law & Technology 1 (2003).
Professor Netanel is a co-editor of the anthology, "The Commodification of
Information" (Kluwer Law International), and is completing a book entitled,
"Copyright's Paradox: Property in Expression/Freedom of Expression," to be
published by Oxford University Press.

- BOF 11: Digital Copyright in Europe and Asia: How Does it Differ From
the U.S.?

Yuko Noguchi received a bachelor of law (LL.B) from the Law Faculty of
the University of Tokyo, Japan, in 1996. After passing a bar exam in 1995 (whose
passing rate was 2% at that time), she joined the mandatory training period at the
Legal Training and Research Institute of the Supreme Court of Japan until 1998,
during which time she clerked at the Tokyo District Court and Tokyo District
Prosecutors' Office. Admitted to bar by Tokyo Bar Association in 1998, she started
her practice in the Intellectual Property Division of the Mori Sogo Law Firm (now
Mori, Hamada & Matsumoto Law Firm), one of the top law firms in Japan. Among the
cases she represented with her colleagues was the StarDigio case, where a music
distribution service over a satellite broadcasting network was sued for copyright
infringement. Her team successfully defended the service, partly by convincing the
court that the temporary storage of information into RAM devices for computer
processing does not constitute copyright infringement. In May 2002, Ms. Noguchi
finished Stanford Program in International Legal Studies and received a master's
degree (J.S.M.) at Stanford Law School. In 2003, she became a doctoral (J.S.D)
candidate at Stanford Law School. Supervised by Professor Laurence Lessig, she is
now conducting a comparative research regarding digital copyright issues in the
U.S. and Japan. Ms. Noguchi has published her master thesis in Japanese, titled
"The Copyright Regime and the Freedom of Speech in the Digital Age: A Balance That
Should Be considered in the Intellectual Property Strategy" in NBL No. 777 and 778.
She has also co-authored a handbook of Japanese Patent Law. She also supports the
legal porting of Creative Commons Japan as a part of Creative Commons' iCommons
project.

Prior to EFF, Chris worked as a systems administrator and software
programmer for ISPs and web application development shops in Minneapolis and San
Francisco. He holds a BA degree in Linguistics from the University of Minnesota.
Chris maintains a personal website at chris.nodewarrior.org.

His work at Human Rights Watch includes overseeing the technical and content
management of the web site, promoting the site to important online media
(including major portals, search engines and NGO sites) and generating usage
analysis on a daily basis. He is actively involved in integrating research and
development processes with view technologies, such as streaming audio and video,
into the web environment. He also maintains cross-platform and cross-browser
compatibility so that the web site is accessible from a variety different
environments. His other responsibilities include interacting with Human Rights
Watch staff on the use of the Net for promoting human rights and on-line
networking, maintaining relationships with online coalitions via email and online
bulletin boards, blogs and other emerging innovative usage of the Net.

Sunil Paul was inspired to develop a better solution to the spam problem because
his personal email accounts were overrun by spam. In October 1997, he founded
Brightmail, Inc., a company dedicated to giving users control of their email and
enhancing the capabilities of email for the Internet.

Prior to starting Brightmail, Sunil created FreeLoader, Inc., the first company to
offer a Web-based push service. In 1996, Freeloader was acquired by Individual,
Inc. for $38 million, making it the best and second-best performing investments in
the VC portfolios of Euclid and Softbank, respectively.

Before launching FreeLoader, Sunil was with America Online (AOL) as that company's
first Internet Product Manager, successfully creating most of AOL's early Internet
capabilities. Before AOL, Sunil was a policy analyst at the U.S. Congress Office of
Technology Assessment, where he specialized in information technology and
telecommunications, including the then-emerging Internet. Prior to that, Sunil
spent three years working on NASA's Space Station Information System. He has a B.E.
in electrical engineering from Vanderbilt University

Bill is one of the leading Internet strategists from the
national nonprofit community. He has over 20 years of experience as a manager,
scientist and organizer, working with national public interest organizations,
universities and state and federal government. In June 2000, Bill founded
GetActive Software, which has grown quickly to become the leading provider of
member relationship management solutions to nonprofit organizations. The company
powers the online organizing efforts of many of the country's largest advocacy
organizations, including unionvoice.org (the online hub of the US labor movement,
sponsored by the AFL-CIO), actionnetwork.org (the largest online collaborative
community of environmental activists, sponsored by Environmental Defense),
ppaction.org (sponsored by the Planned Parenthood Federation of America), and
hrcaction.org (sponsored by the Human Rights Campaign). Prior to founding
GetActive, Bill was Director of Internet Projects at Environmental Defense, where
he created the award-winning environmental information service scorecard.org.
Bill is a Rhodes Scholar with a Ph.D. in Environmental Health Sciences from UC
Berkeley.

- Concurrent 4: Nations vs. the Net: The UN World Summit on the
Information Society

Stephanie Perrin is a well known consultant in privacy and information
policy issues, providing advice to industry and government in the practical
implementation of data protection policies and procedures. She is an active
participant in policy discussions involving civil liberties, sits on the board of
several domestic and international privacy organizations, and is a Senior Fellow at
the Electronic Privacy Information Centre in Washington. In October 2003 she
became the research coordinator for a four year project on Anonymity, Identity and
Authentication funded by the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of
Canada, an interdisciplinary project led by Dr. Ian Kerr of the University of
Ottawa Common Law faculty.

She is the former Chief Privacy Officer of Zero-Knowledge, the first CPO in
Canada, and has been active in a number of CPO associations, working with those
responsible for implementing privacy in their organizations. As CPO at
ZeroKnowledge Systems, Stephanie developed policy and management systems to
implement privacy objectives within the company, and provided advice and analysis
of customer needs and requirements for Zero-Knowledge products and services. Active
in domestic and international privacy policy and compliance fora, Stephanie has
been involved in privacy issues at the practical, policy and legislative level for
many years.

Stephanie was instrumental in developing Canada's privacy and cryptography
policies for over fifteen years. Formerly the Director of Privacy Policy for
Industry Canada's Electronic Commerce Task Force, she led the legislative
initiative at Industry Canada that resulted in the Personal Information Protection
and Electronic Documents Act, privacy legislation that came into force in 2001 and
has set the standard for private sector compliance. She is the principal author of
a text on the Act, published by Irwin Law.

From 1991 until 1999 she represented Industry Canada on the Canadian
Standards Association's technical committee on privacy, and was a member of the
drafting committee which developed CAN/CSA-Q830-96, the Model Code for the
Protection of Personal Information. She was a member of the Ad Hoc Advisory
Committee of ISO which examined the utility of developing a management standard for
the protection of personal information in 1997-98. She represented Canada
internationally at the OECD Security and Privacy Committee for many years and led
Canada's delegation to the ad hoc working group which developed the OECD
Cryptography Policy Guidelines. In 2001 she was the leader of a group of experts
who prepared a Report on the utility of standards in implementing the European
Directive on data protection.

In the early eighties, Stephanie was one of Canada's first Freedom of
Information and Privacy Officers, and was the first President of the professional
association, the Canadian Access and Privacy Association. She has received awards
for her work in furthering international work in freedom of information and privacy
from the Electronic Frontier Foundation (Pioneer 2001) and the B.C. Freedom of
Information and Privacy Association (2001).

Rick Prelinger (http://www.prelinger.com), an archivist,
writer and filmmaker, founded Prelinger Archives), whose film collection was
acquired in 2002 by the Library of Congress. He has partnered with the Internet
Archive to make 1,800 films from Prelinger Archives available online for free
viewing, downloading, and reuse. He has taught in the MFA Design program at the
School of Visual Arts in New York and lectured widely on American cultural and
social history and on issues of cultural and intellectual property access. He sits
on the National Film Preservation Board as representative of the Association of
Moving Image Archivists and is a board member of the Internet Archive and the San
Francisco Cinematheque. He's currently making "After the Equinox," an all-archival
feature-length film whose story is still emerging.

Jeff Pulver is the President and CEO of pulver.com, and one of the true pioneers
of the Internet telephony/VoIP industry. Leveraging well over a decade of hands-on
experience in Internet/IP communications and innovation, Mr. Pulver is a globally
renowned thought leader, author and entrepreneur. He is the publisher of The Pulver
Report and VON magazine, and creator of the industry standard Voice on the Net
(VON) conferences, where all sectors of the IP communications come together to
discuss, debate, and advance the industry. Additionally, Mr. Pulver is the founder
of Free World Dialup (FWD), the VON coalition, LibreTel, WHP Wireless,
pulverinnovations, Digisip, and is the co-founder of VoIP provider, Vonage.

Most recently, Mr. Pulver's petition for clarification declaring Free World
Dialup as an unregulated information service was granted by the Federal
Communications Commission (FCC). This landmark decision by the FCC is the first and
only decision it has made on IP communications to date. Now referred to as "the
Pulver decision", the ruling provides important clarification that
computer-to-computer VoIP service is not a telecommunications service. By doing
this, the FCC has delivered a strong signal to consumers and capital markets that
the FCC is not interested in subjecting end-to-end IP Communications services to
traditional voice telecommunications regulation under the Communications Act.

Mr. Pulver's expertise is widely utilized throughout the communications and
Internet industries, which has now extended into the critical public policy arena,
both nationally and internationally. In addition to his work with the FCC, Mr.
Pulver has testified before the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), the
United States Congress, the National Association of Regulatory and Utility
Commissioners (NARUC) as well as numerous federal and state agencies who have a
growing interest in IP communications. Named by BusinessWeek as one of their 2003
Tech Gurus. Mr. Pulver is committed to the future of IP communications and is
featured often in the media as true expert in his field. He is a patron/supporter
of the Diabetes Research Institute, Robin Hood, the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame
Musuem, VH1 Save the Music, and is a lifetime member of the ARRL and the
Songwriters Hall of Fame.

Xiao Qiang is the Tang Teaching Fellow and the Director of Berkeley China
Internet Project at the Graduate School of Journalism, University of California at
Berkeley. A physicist by training, Xiao Qiang received a B.S. from the University
of Science and Technology of China and studied as a PhD candidate (1986-1989) in
astrophysics at the University of Notre Dame. He became a full time human rights
activist after the Tiananmen Massacre in 1989. Xiao was the Founding Executive
Director of Human Rights in China (1991 - 2002). He is a weekly commentator for
Radio Free Asia, and on the Steering Committee of the World Movement for Democracy.
Xiao is a recipient of the MacArthur Fellowship in 2001, and is profiled in the
book "Soul Purpose: 40 People Who Are Changing the World for the Better," (Melcher
Media, 2003). He was also a visiting fellow of the Santa Fe Institute in Spring,
2002. His personal weblog is rockngo.org

Since 1997, Xiao Qiang has been studying Internet use in China, and has
recently established the Berkeley China Internet Project. Qiang also teaches about
technology and information sharing in China, and he and his students have developed
a blog, China Digital
News, that tracks media and technology issues in China.

Becky Richards is the Director of Policy at TRUSTe, the Internet's leading
privacy seal program. She Is responsible for developing policy for TRUSTe in
existing and new areas, including the wireless medium and email. Prior to joining
TRUSTe, Ms. Richards was an International Trade Specialist at the U.S. Department
Commerce, International Trade Administration where she worked on the Electronic
Commerce Task Force. During her time at the Commerce Department, she played a key
role in the development of the safe harbor privacy accord between the United
States and the European Union. Ms, Richards has also worked for an international
sales firm in Germany and a major wholesale food distribution company in the
Northeast United States in various managerial positions. Ms. Richards has her
B.A. in political science from the University of Massachusetts and her M.A. in
International Trade and M.B.A. in International Business from George Washington
University.

Dave Safford manages IBM Research's Global Security Analysis Lab,
where he directs research in security topics including ethical hacking, security
engineering, linux security, and linux support for Trusted Computing Group (TCG)
chips. His current work involves using these chips to secure an individual's
encrypted filesystem and to provide hardware based compromise detection.

Dr. Tomas Sander is a research scientist at Hewlett Packard Labs in Princeton,
New Jersey. He is a member of the Trusted Systems Lab at HP which conducts research
in trust, security and privacy technologies. Before joining HP, he worked for STAR
Lab, the research lab of InterTrust Technologies in Santa Clara, California on a
broad range of topics relevant to advanced digital rights management (DRM). Tomas
Sander received a doctoral degree in Mathematics from the University of Dortmund,
Germany in 1996. From September 1996 to September 1999 he was a postdoctoral
researcher at the International Computer Science Institute in Berkeley, California.
He founded the ACM DRM Workshop in 2001. His research interests include
cryptography, privacy, computer security, electronic commerce and digital rights
management.

- Tutorial 6: Telecommunications Law for the Rest of Us
- Plenary 7: The Net: Caught in the FCC's Web?

Chris Savage is one of the nation's leading practitioners of communications law.
He is a partner at Cole, Raywid & Braverman, LLP, where he has headed the firm's
telecommunications and Internet practice since 1993. Mr. Savage was featured in
the lead article of the June 1998 WASHINGTON LAWYER, Lawyering in Cyberspace, for
his Internet-related legal expertise. In 1996, he successfully negotiated the
first interconnection agreement between a cable operator-affiliated competing
telephone company and a regional Bell monopoly under the new 1996 telecom law and
has been involved in negotiation and litigation with the monopolists on behalf of
competing firms on many later occasions. He has represented ISPs in various FCC
and state regulatory matters, including issues surrounding ISP efforts to take
advantage of the competitive opportunities created by the new law, and represented
new telephone companies in disputes with incumbents regarding the network
architecture and financial arrangements applicable to efficient dial-up
connectivity to the Internet.

More recently, Mr. Savage has focused on the
regulatory treatment of Voice-over-Internet Protocol communications services,
representing various cable operators and associations, including CableLabs, the
industry's research arm. Prior to Cole, Raywid & Braverman, Mr. Savage was an
in-house attorney at Bell Atlantic (now Verizon) for eight years, responsible for
various state and federal regulatory matters, including regulatory reform
initiatives and issues relating to the deployment of new network technology. He is
a frequent speaker at legal education conferences and over his career has authored
or co-authored several scholarly articles on issues relating to economic
regulation. He is a graduate of Harvard College (B.A., magna cum laude, 1977) and
Harvard Law School (J.D., cum laude, 1980).

Seth Schoen created the position of EFF Staff Technologist, helping
other technologists understand the civil liberties implications of their work,
helping EFF staff better understand the underlying technology related to EFF's
legal work, and helping the public understand what the technology products they use
really do. Schoen comes to EFF from Linuxcare, where he worked for two years as a
senior consultant. While at Linuxcare, Schoen helped create the Linuxcare Bootable
Business Card CD-ROM. Prior to Linuxcare, Schoen worked at AtreNet, the National
Energy Research Scientific Computing Center at Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, and Toronto Dominion Bank. Schoen attended the University of California
at Berkeley with a Chancellor's Scholarship.

Stephen C.
Schroeder is a graduate of the University of Washington and the University of San
Diego School of Law. He was a trial attorney and an Assistant United States
Attorney for the United States Department of Justice from 1974 until his retirement
in July 2002. He has prosecuted computer crime since 1992, and was a member of the
Department of Justice Computer and Telecommunications Coordinator program since its
inception in 1995. He was a member of the national working group that advises the
Attorney General on computer crime issues, and is a frequent lecturer on computer
crime and electronic evidence. He is currently an Adjunct Professor at Seattle
University, where he teaches computer forensics in the Department of Computer
Science and Software Engineering. He is also scheduled to teach a computer crime
course at the Seattle University School of Law next year.

Jason Schultz is a Staff Attorney specializing in intellectual property and
reverse engineering. Prior to joining EFF, Schultz worked at the law firm of Fish &
Richardson P.C., where he spent most of his time invalidating software patents and
defending open source developers in law suits. While at F&R, he co-authored an
amicus brief on behalf of the Internet Archive, Prelinger Archives, and Project
Gutenberg in support of Eric Eldred's challenge to the Sonny Bono Copyright Term
Extension Act. Prior to F&R, Schultz served as a law clerk to the Honorable D.
Lowell Jensen and as a legal intern to the Honorable Ronald M. Whyte, both in the
Northern District of California federal court system. During law school, Schultz
served as Managing Editor of the Berkeley Technology Law Journal and helped found
the Samuelson Clinic, the first legal clinic in the country to focus on high tech
policy issues and the public interest. Schultz also has undergraduate degrees in
Public Policy and Women's Studies from Duke University. Jason maintains a personal
blog at lawgeek.net.

- Concurrent 7: Fahrenheit 451.3: Using ISPs to Control Content on the
Internet

Wolfgang Schulz has been a member of the Directorate of the Hans Bredow
Institute for Media Research since 2001. He has worked as a researcher in the
Institute's media and telecommunication law department since 1993, and in 2000 he
became the head of the department. He also has worked as a lecturer at Hamburg
University's Faculty of Law and Faculty of Journalism since 1997.

Schulz studied law and journalism at the University of Hamburg. At the
Hans Bredow Institute for Media Research, he pursued his studies in media
regulation, freedom of speech, German and European telecommunication law,
comparative media law and policy, and protection of minors.

Ari Schwartz is an Associate Director of the Center for Democracy and Technology
(CDT). Ari's work focuses on defending and building privacy protections in the
digital age by advocating for increased individual control over personal
information. He also works on expanding access to government information via the
Internet and online advocacy and civil society. Ari is a leading expert on the
issue of privacy on government Web sites and has testified before Congress and
Executive Branch Agencies on the issue. Ari was named to the 2003's Federal 100 --
the top executives from government, industry and academia who had the greatest
impact on the government information systems community over the past year. He is
the Chair of the World Wide Web Consortium's Platform for Privacy Practices (P3P)
Policy and Outreach Working Group - the leading standards setting body for Web
technologies - and Co-Chair of the Congressional Internet Caucus Advisory Committee
Task Force on E-Government. Ari is also on the steering committee of the
Computers, Freedom and Privacy Conference and is a past Chair of the Conference.

Jonah Seiger is one of the country's most recognized political and public
affairs Internet strategists. For over a decade, Seiger has led winning
Internet-centered communications programs for some of America's most influential
associations, issue groups, and Fortune 500 companies. In 1998, Seiger placed some
of the first online political issue ads, and has since developed and managed
hundreds of millions of online ad impressions for a wide variety of clients.

A much sought after resource, Seiger speaks regularly on the role of the
Internet in the political process. His commentary has appeared in publications
including The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, The San Francisco
Chronicle, USA Today, Wired Magazine, Business Week, and The Hotline. He also
chronicles the impact of the Internet on political communications on his Blog: seigerspace.com.

Seiger has deep roots in the Internet world. In 1994, he helped found and
served as Communications Director for the Center for Democracy and Technology
(CDT), a leading non-profit organization focusing on civil liberties and democratic
values online. While at CDT, The New York Times described him as "a trench warrior
in the battle to democratize cyberspace," in reference to his role in the landmark
Supreme Court case establishing broad First Amendment protection for the Internet.

Wendy Seltzer is a Staff Attorney with the Electronic Frontier Foundation,
specializing in intellectual property and free speech issues. As a Fellow with
Harvard's Berkman Center for Internet & Society, Wendy founded and leads the
Chilling Effects Clearinghouse, helping Internet users to understand their rights
in response to cease-and-desist threats. Prior to joining EFF, Wendy taught
Internet Law as an Adjunct Professor at St. John's University School of Law and
practiced intellectual property and technology litigation with Kramer Levin
Naftalis & Frankel in New York. Wendy speaks frequently on copyright, trademark,
open source, and the public interest online. She has an A.B. from Harvard College
and J.D. from Harvard Law School, and occasionally takes a break from legal code
to program (Perl).

Michael I. Shamos, Distinguished Career
Professor, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University

- Plenary 12: Electronic Voting: The Great Paper Trail Debate

Michael I. Shamos is Distinguished Career Professor in the School of
Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University. He holds a Ph.D. in Computer
Science from Yale University (1978) and the J.D. from Duquesne University (1981)
and is an attorney admitted to practice in Pennsylvania. From 1980-2000 he was
statutory examiner of electronic voting systems for the state of Pennsylvania and
form 1987-200 preformed the same function for the state of Texas, examining over
100 different voting systems. His CFP 1993 paper "Electronic Voting - Evaluating
the Threat" is widely cited for its discussion of the rules that all voting systems
must obey. He has testified before the Pennsylvania and Texas legislatures on
electronic voting issues. Prof. Shamos was an early researcher in the field of
computational geometry and is the author with Franco Preparata of Computational
Geometry: An Introduction (Springer, 1985).

Betty Shave, Senior Counsel and Coordinator
for International Computer Crime Matters, US Dept. of Justice

- Plenary 9: The Council of Europe Cybercrime Treaty-- the Treaty Most of
the Net Hasn't Heard Of But That May Change It Forever

Betty-Ellen Shave is a Senior Counsel and the Coordinator for International
Computer Crime Matters in the Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section
(CCIPS) of the Criminal Division of the US Department of Justice. She supervises
the international aspects of CCIPS' criminal caseload; critical information
infrastructure protection matters; training and speaking engagements; and
policy-making. In addition, she is in charge of CCIPS' activities in many
multilateral fora such as the European Commission, the Asia Pacific Economic
Cooperation Forum, and the Organization of American States. Ms. Shave headed the
US delegation to the High-Tech Crime Subgroup of the countries of the G8 for three
years and participated actively in the negotiations of the draft Cybercrime
Convention at the Council of Europe from the beginning in 1997.

Weaned on a diet of harsh fluorescent light and Wired magazine, Daniel C.
Silverstein came to Berkeley to study computers and revolution. As it turned out,
the information revolution of the late nineties dwarfed the inconsequential
rumblings of modern student activism. The biggest mistake of his college career was
not dropping out soon enough. Thanks to many bright peers, he found that there was
more to be learned about computers outside the classroom than in. Silverstein took
on several key roles in Berkeley's vibrant student computing community. He remains
active behind the scenes. He currently works as a hacker, code-monkey, and
bottle-washer for a small MUD company. When not distracted by real world interests,
Daniel proceeds inevitably, if somewhat sporadically, toward his undergraduate
degree at UC Berkeley.

Bill Scannell is an international media strategist and publicist based in
Washington, DC. A former US Army intelligence officer, he has more than 17 years
experience in journalism and media relations. As a foreign correspondent based in
central and eastern Europe in the 80's and 90's, he wrote for a number of
publications - including The Economist and the San Francisco Chronicle - and
broadcast news reports for TV and radio stations including Deutsche Welle, ABC and
the SABC. More recently Scannell devised and implemented the PR and media
strategies for the HavenCo/Sealand data haven project, MojoNation, The Bunker, and
other privacy-enhancing projects.

He co-founded the Boycott Adobe movement in 2001 and was instrumental in
applying the media and public pressure necessary to secure the release from prison
of Russian security expert Dmitri Skylarov. In 2003 Scannell put his skills to work
to fight CAPPS II, a US government air passenger profiling system. Using websites
such as Boycott Delta (http://www.boycottdelta.org) and Don't Spy
on US (http://www.dontspyon.us) as a base of
attack, his work in exposing the privacy violations of Delta Airlines, JetBlue, and
others is widely credited for stalling the implementation of CAPPS II. Scannell's
latest media project involved Dudley Hiibel, a Nevada rancher whose refusal to show
ID to law enforcement (http://www.hiibel.com)
brought him and his legal case before the US Supreme Court.

- Workshop: Privacy and Civil Liberties Issues in Computing
Applications Research and Development

Barbara Simons was President of the Association for Computing Machinery
(ACM) from July 1998 until June 2000 and Secretary of the Council of Scientific
Society Presidents in 1999. ACM is the oldest and largest educational and technical
computer society in the world, with about 75,000 members internationally. In 1993
Simons founded ACM's US Public Policy Committee (USACM), which she currently
co-chairs. She earned her Ph.D. in computer science from U.C. Berkeley in 1981;
her dissertation solved a major open problem in scheduling theory. In 1980 she
became a Research Staff Member at IBM's San Jose Research Center (now Almaden). In
1992 she joined IBM's Applications Development Technology Institute as a Senior
Programmer and subsequently served as Senior Technology Advisor for IBM Global
Services. Her main areas of research have been compiler optimization, algorithm
analysis and design, and scheduling theory. Her work on clock synchronization won
an IBM Research Division Award. She holds several patents and has authored or
co-authored a book and numerous technical papers. Recently, Simons has been
teaching technology policy at Stanford University.

Simons is a Fellow of ACM and the American Association for the Advancement
of Science. She received the Alumnus of the Year Award from the Berkeley Computer
Science Department, the Norbert Wiener Award from CPSR, the Outstanding
Contribution Award from ACM, and the Pioneer Award from EFF. She was selected by
c|net as one of its 26 Internet "Visionaries" and by Open Computing as one of the
"Top 100 Women in Computing". Science Magazine featured her in a special edition on
women in science.

Simons served on the President's Export Council's Subcommittee on
Encryption and on the Information Technology-Sector of the President's Council on
the Year 2000 Conversion. She is on the Board of Directors of the U.C. Berkeley
Engineering Fund, Public Knowledge, the Math/Science Network, and the Electronic
Privacy Information Center, as well as the Advisory Boards of the Oxford Internet
Institute and Zeroknowledge, and the Public Interest Registrh's .ORG Advisory
Council. She has testified before both the U.S. and the California legislatures and
at government sponsored hearings. She was runner-up in the first election for the
North America seat on the ICANN Board.

Simons was a member of the National Workshop on Internet Voting that was
convened at the request of President Clinton and produced a report on Internet
Voting in 2001. She also is participating on the Security Peer Review Group for the
Department of Defense's Secure Electronic Registration and Voting (SERVE)
Project.

- Concurrent 12: Next Generation Democracy: The Internet, Young Voters,
and Election 2004

David is the founder and Executive Director of Mobilizing America's
Youth (MAY). He recently graduated from the University of California, Berkeley
with a Bachelor's Degree in Political Science, where he taught a class on
National Youth Policy and researched causes and solutions to the Youth Civic
Engagement crisis in America.

From 1999-2003, David organized events such as: Mobilizing America's
Youth National Conference, engaging 200 young leaders from 75 organizations in a
debate about youth issues; Cal Lobby Day, mobilizing 150 UC Berkeley students to
Sacramento to lobby on student issues; and voter registration events, registering
nearly 15,000 students over the course of a couple years. During a portion of this
time, David also served as the Bay Area Community Street Team Leader for Rock the
Vote.

Currently, David is overseeing the implementation of the 2004 March
Across America, which promises to be the largest youth mobilization event of our
generation. Through a series of 15 physical events (and hundreds of virtual
events), thousands upon thousands of young people will be energized to sustain and
increase their civic engagement while highlighting the current activism of youth
throughout the US. Ultimately, this March will yield a national youth agenda as MAY
launches a youth-initiated, youth-run, and youth-funded lobbying organization on
July 1, 2004.

Richard M. Smith is an Internet privacy and security consultant based in
Brookline, Massachusetts. He has more than 30 years of experience in the computer
software field. He is also the former president of Phar Lap Software and the former
Chief Technology Officer of the Privacy Foundation.

- Plenary 9: The Council of Europe Cybercrime Treaty-- the Treaty Most of
the Net Hasn't Heard Of But That May Change It Forever

Abraham D. Sofaer, who served as legal adviser to the U.S. Department of
State from 1985 to 1990, was appointed the first George P. Shultz Distinguished
Scholar and Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution in 1994.

Named in honor of former U.S. secretary of state George P. Shultz, the
appointment is awarded to a senior scholar of international prominence whose broad
vision, knowledge, and skill can be brought to bear on the problems presented by a
radically transformed global environment.

Sofaer's work has focused on separation of powers issues in the American
system of government, including the power over war, and on issues related to
international law, terrorism, diplomacy, national security, the Middle East
conflict, and water resources. He teaches a course on transnational law at the
Stanford Law School. During his distinguished career, Sofaer has been a
prosecutor, legal educator, judge, government official, and attorney in private
practice.

Gigi B. Sohn is the President and Co-Founder of Public Knowledge. An
internationally known communications policy attorney, Gigi seeks to apply her
constituency-building and advocacy expertise to intellectual property policy.

From May 1999 to January 2001, Gigi served as a Project Specialist in the
Ford Foundation's Media, Arts and Culture unit. In that capacity, she oversaw
grantmaking in the Foundation's media policy and technology portfolio, and advised
the Foundation on the future direction of the portfolio. While at Ford, Gigi teamed
up with her Public Knowledge Co-Founders, Laurie Racine (President of the Center
for the Public Domain) and David Bollier in examining the need for a public
interest intellectual property rights organization.

Prior to joining the Ford Foundation, Gigi served as Executive Director of
the Media Access Project (MAP), a Washington, DC based public interest
telecommunications law firm that represents citizens' rights before the Federal
Communications Commission and the courts. In recognition of her work at MAP,
President Clinton appointed Gigi to serve as a member of his Advisory Committee on
the Public Interest Obligations of Digital Television Broadcasters ("Gore
Commission") in October 1997. In that same year, she was selected by the American
Lawyer magazine as one of the leading public sector lawyers in the country under
the age of 45.

In August 2002 Cindy Southworth launched Safety Net: the
National Safe and Strategic Technology Project at the National Network to End
Domestic Violence Fund (NNEDV). Through this project she provides training and
technical assistance about the safe and strategic use of all forms of technology by
victims of domestic violence and their advocates. The Safety Net Project also
addresses matters such as the risk to victims of placing court records on the
Internet, the dangers of batterers intercepting escape plans through technology,
the privacy levels of the different phones that victims use, and how state and
local programs serving victims can use technology wisely.

Initially funded in August 2002 by the AOL Time Warner
Foundation, the project expanded in October 2003 with a generous grant from the
Mary Kay Ash Charitable Foundation. This expansion supports a team of 3 who are
providing more trainings to advocates and allies across the country, developing
more educational materials for victims, and creating a unique partnership between
Mary Kay, Inc and the Safety Net project. The Wireless Foundation is also
partnering with NNEDV's Safety Net Project to build a network of technology savvy
advocates throughout the country.

Cindy has worked to end violence against women for 13 years at
national, state, and local advocacy organizations and has over 15 years of
technology expertise. Prior to joining NNEDV, she spent four years at PCADV
working on technology and advocacy projects. After receiving her Masters in Social
Work in 1997 specializing in violence against women and social change, she worked
in Maine at a local program and chaired the state coalition legislative committee.
She is the Chair of the Technology Committee of the National Taskforce To End
Sexual And Domestic Violence Against Women and is also a member of the Violence
Against Women Online Resources National Advisory Board.

Tony Stanco, Esq. is the founding Director of the Washington-based Center of
Open Source & Government. He works on software policy, Open Source, cyber-security
and eGovernment with universities and governments around the world. Tony has given
presentations at the U.S. Congress, various U.S. defense and civilian agencies,
World Bank, European Commission, United Nations, Inter-American Development Bank,
Organization of American States, World Summit on Information Society, UK, Germany,
Canada, Mexico, India, Denmark, Jordan, LinuxWorld, Advanced Computer and Internet
Law Institute, and International Computer Law Association, among others. He is an
Associate Director of the Cyber Security Policy and Research Institute of The
George Washington University. He is also adjunct professor at George Washington
University, teaching courses on Open Source, and "From Lab to IPO: The Hi-Tech
Start-Up." Prior to joining The George Washington University, he was a senior
attorney at the Securities and Exchange Commission in the group that regulates the
Internet and software industry, where he worked on over 250 Internet and software
IPOs. He has an LL.M. from Georgetown University Law Center and is licensed as a
lawyer in New York state.

Ross Stapleton-Gray is a principal of Stapleton-Gray & Associates, and
leads its technology consulting practices.

Dr. Stapleton-Gray has served as an intelligence analyst and planning
officer with the Central Intelligence Agency and Intelligence Community Management
Staff; as technology manager for the American Petroleum Institute; and as IT
Security Officer in the University of California Office of the President. He was a
co-founder of Sandstorm Enterprises, Inc., an information security tools
provider.

Dr. Stapleton-Gray has a Ph.D. in management information systems, and is a
Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP).

- Plenary 9: The Council of Europe Cybercrime Treaty-- the Treaty Most of
the Net Hasn't Heard Of But That May Change It Forever

Barry Steinhardt served as Associate Director of the American Civil
Liberties Union between 1992 and 2002. In 2002, he was named as the inaugural
Director of the ACLU's Program on Technology and Liberty. He was chair of the 2003
Computer Freedom and Privacy Conference (CFP) and a co-founder of the Global
Internet Liberty Campaign (GILC), the world's first international coalition of
Non-Governmental Organizations concerned with the rights of Internet users to
privacy and free expression. He is a member of the Advisory Committee to the US
Census and was a member of the Blue Ribbon Panel on Genetics of the National
Conference of State Legislatures. He also was selected to be a member of the US
delegation to the G-8 Government and Private Sector Tokyo conference on Cyber
Crime.

Steinhardt has spoken and written widely on privacy and information
technology issues to audiences ranging from the National Conference of State
Legislatures, to the National Commission on the Future of DNA Evidence, to the
Hoover Institute, to the UNESCO Conference on Intellectual Property. At the
invitation of members of the Japanese Parliament, Steinhardt gave a series of
lectures in Japan on electronic surveillance in the information age. He has written
on privacy issues and free expression issues in a variety of periodicals ranging
from USA Today, to CIO Magazine, to the journal of the Davos World Economic Forum.

Geoffrey Strongin is AMD's Platform Security Architect, and has been
instrumental in defining AMD's Secure Execution Mode (SEM) architecture. Geoffrey
serves on the board of Directors of the Trusted Computing Group, the International
Security, Trust and Privacy Alliance, and the XNS Public Trust Organization.
Geoffrey holds over 30 patents in the areas of computer architecture, multimedia,
and computer security. Geoffrey is actively involved in the definition of the
Internet infrastructure that will support and leverage trusted computing and serves
as co-Chair of the OASIS XRI Data Interchange (XDI) Technical Committee. Geoffrey's
interests include the intersection of law, public policy and technology.

The Surveillance Camera Players aim to raise awareness of surveillance and
challenge its legitimacy. One way of doing this is to put on silent "performances"
in front of cameras surveilling public space. For more info, see www.survile.org .

Peter Swire, Professor of Law, Moritz College of
Law, Ohio State University

- Plenary 3: Datamining the Unknown Unknowns: Is It Useful for
Knowing What We Don't Know We Don't Know?

Peter is now Professor of Law at the Moritz College of Law of the Ohio
State University. He lives in the Washington, D.C. area, teaches in Ohio during the
fall semester, and is Director of the law school's summer program in D.C. From
March, 1999 until January, 2001 Peter served as the Clinton Administration's Chief
Counselor for Privacy, in the United States Office of Management and Budget.

Lee Tien is a Senior Staff Attorney with the Electronic Frontier
Foundation, specializing in free speech law, including intersections with
intellectual property law and privacy law. Before joining EFF, Lee was a sole
practitioner specializing in Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) litigation. Mr. Tien
has published articles on children's sexuality and information technology,
anonymity, surveillance, and the First Amendment status of publishing computer
software. Lee received his undergraduate degree in psychology from Stanford
University, where he was very active in journalism at the Stanford Daily.
After working as a news reporter at the Tacoma News Tribune for a year, Lee
went to law school at Boalt Hall, University of California at Berkeley. Lee also
did graduate work in the Program in Jurisprudence and Social Policy at UC-Berkeley.

Dan Tokaji, Assistant Professor of Law, Ohio
State University, Moritz College of Law

- Plenary 12: Electronic Voting: The Great Paper Trail Debate

Dan Tokaji is an Assistant Professor of Law at Ohio State University. He
was previously a staff attorney at the ACLU, Southern California. He has also been
a Board Member of Common Cause, and previously Chair, Board of Directors,
California Common Cause. His research interests include civil rights, freedom of
speech, and voting and elections. He received his J.D. from Yale Law School and his
A.B., summa cum laude, from Harvard University.

- Plenary 3: Datamining the Unknown Unknowns: Is It Useful for
Knowing What We Don't Know We Don't Know?

Doug Tygar is Professor of Computer Science and Information Management at
UC Berkeley. He works in the areas of computer security, privacy, and electronic
commerce. His current research includes strong privacy protections, security
issues in sensor webs, and digital rights management. His newest book, Secure
Broadcast Communication in Wired and Wireless Networks (with Adrian Perrig) will
appear in Fall 2002. He designed cryptographic postage standards for the US Postal
Service and has helped build a number of security and electronic commerce systems
including: Strongbox, Dyad, Netbill, and Micro-Tesla. He serves as chair of the
Defense Department's ISAT Study Group on Security with Privacy, and was a founding
board member of ACM's Special Interest Group on Electronic Commerce. Dr. Tygar
previously was tenured faculty at Carnegie Mellon University's Compuer Science
Department for many years (and retains an Adjunct Professor position there). He
received his doctorate from Harvard and his undergraduate degree from Berkeley.

Jennifer M. Urban, Visiting Acting Clinical
Professor, University of California Berkeley School of Law (Boalt Hall)

In January, 2002, Jennifer Urban joined the Samuelson Law, Technology &
Public Policy Clinic at Boalt Hall, where she teaches the Clinic and attendant
seminar class. Clinic students work with leading lawyers in nonprofit
organizations, government, private practice, and academia to represent clients on a
broad range of legal matters related to the public interest in law and technology,
including free speech, privacy, copyright, and open source. Urban's interests
include open source software, copyright in the digital era, and digital rights
management schemes.

Urban serves on a UC-Berkeley committee created to facilitate the open
source licensing of faculty created software within the auspices of the UC
copyright and patent policies. She is presently serving on the Program Committee
for the 14th Conference on Computers, Freedom, and Privacy.

Before coming to Boalt, Urban was an attorney at the Venture Law Group,
where she studied and negotiated commercial and intellectual property transaction
documents for new companies. She obtained her B.A. from Cornell University and her
J.D. from Boalt.

Fred von Lohmann is a senior staff attorney with the Electronic Frontier
Foundation, specializing in intellectual property issues. In that role, he has
represented programmers, technology innovators, and individuals in litigation
against every major record label, movie studio, and television network (as well as
several cable TV networks and music publishers) in the United States, including
representing the makers of Morpheus in the MGM v. Grokster P2P litigation. In
addition to litigation, he is involved in EFF's efforts to educate policy-makers
regarding the proper balance between intellectual property protection and the
public interest in fair use, free expression, and innovation.

David Wagner is currently an Assistant Professor, Computer Science
Division, Univeristy of California Berkeley. His research interests include
computer security, especially security of large-scale systems and networks;
applications of static and dynamic program analysis to computer security; theory of
cryptography; design and analysis of symmetric-key cryptosystems; and operating
systems. He is currently working on software security, wireless security, sensor
network security, cryptography, and other topics.

Mike Warren brings more than 34 years of electronic surveillance
expertise to fiducianet. He retired after 29 years as a special agent and senior
executive of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in September 2000, and since
that time has been a consultant to the Telecommunications Industry on matters
relating to the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act ("CALEA") and
electronic surveillance law and policy.

Mr. Warren formed fiducianet in January 2002 to assist telecom carriers
and internet service providers meet their obligations to assist law enforcement
when they receive legal demands to provide customer records, electronic
surveillance assistance and compliance with CALEA.

As the former chief of the FBI's CALEA Implementation Section (CIS), Mr.
Warren identified the agency's law enforcement priorities for implementing CALEA.
He developed the FBI's initiative for deferred deployment of CALEA technical
capability (the Flexible Deployment Program) and directed negotiations with
telecommunications carriers and equipment manufacturers to contain costs by
developing nationwide Right-to-Use (RTU) license agreements for CALEA compliant
software. The success of Mr. Warren's strategies won Mr. Warren the Attorney
General's year 2000 Award for Excellence in Management.

fiducianet is Service
Bureau Company specializing in reducing costs and legal risks associated with court
ordered production of records, electronic surveillance support, fraud management
and network security.

Mark heads up Osborne Clarke's European technology services in the Palo
Alto office. Working as an English lawyer, Mark has substantial experience of
organising and managing pan-European projects in multiple jurisdictions for US
clients. His practice focuses on counselling North American businesses with their
European establishment/inward investment issues, or advising when US-based
companies have business transactions or legal issues in Europe.

A Solicitor of the Supreme Court of England and Wales, Mark specialises in
advising on IP and technology transactions and on data protection and privacy
issues in the UK. He has considerable experience advising on and negotiating
European technology deals including: licensing and technology transfers,
cross-border alliances, channel arrangements, the appointment of European agents
and distributors, outsourcing, joint ventures, and advising on privacy and
international data transfer, e-commerce and online compliance issues.

Mark has spoken on European privacy issues at the Computer Law Association
and Silicon Valley Privacy Forum and assisted with the drafting of industry best
practice guidelines for the UK's National Outsourcing Association.

Jon Weinberg is a law professor at Wayne State University in Detroit,
Michigan. Jon works in the areas of Internet law and policy and communications law.
He's been a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall and
then-Judge Ruth Bader Ginsburg; a visiting scholar at the University of Tokyo's
Institute of Journalism and Communication Studies; a professor in residence at the
U.S. Justice Department; a legal scholar in residence at the FCC's Office of Plans
and Policy; and a visiting scholar at Cardozo Law School. A few years back, he
chaired a working group created by ICANN (the Internet Corporation for Assigned
Names and Numbers) to develop recommendations on the creation of new Internet top
level domains.

Myles Weissleder is one of the "founding fathers" of Meetup,com, overseeing
all media and communications for the company. Myles is presently navigating through
the epicenter of national and political press scrutiny, as Meetup has fast become a
de facto grassroots-organizing tool for advocacy groups, organizations, politicians
and their respective supporters.

Having caught the Internet bug in SF in 1994, Myles attempted to bring coin
operated email kiosks to NYC before anyone in NYC had email. Soon after, he teamed
up with Scott Heiferman @ i-traffic, the first online direct marketing agency, and
as Director of Marketing helped serve clients like Bellsouth, CDnow, CNN/Sports
Illustrated, ESPN.com, Hearst, as well as for numerous Disney business units
including Disney Online, Oscar.com, Disney World, Disney Pictures, Hollywood
Pictures, Buena Vista Pictures, Touchstone Pictures, among others.

In 1999, Myles founded Mylermedia, a consultancy built to help support
small Internet-related start-ups in a media and public relations capacity. He is
currently on the advisory board of Saipan Datacom, the exclusive registrar and
registry for the ccTLD (top level domain) "mp".

Daniel Weitzner is Director of the World Wide Web Consortium's Technology
and Society activities. As such, he is responsible for development of technology
standards that enable the web to address social, legal, and public policy concerns
such as privacy, free speech, security, protection of minors, authentication,
intellectual property and identification. Weitzner holds an appointment as
Principal Research Scientist at MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence
Laboratory and teaches Internet public policy at MIT.

As one of the leading
figures in the Internet public policy community, he was the first to advocate user
control technologies such as content filtering and rating to protect children and
avoid government censorship of the Intenet. These arguments played a critical role
in the 1997 US Supreme Court case, Reno v. ACLU, awarding the highest free speech
protections to the Internet. He successfully advocated for adoption of amendments
to the Electronic Communications Privacy Act creating new privacy protections for
online transactional information such as Web site access logs.

Before joining
the W3C, Mr. Weitzner was co-founder and Deputy Director of the Center for
Democracy and Technology, a leading Internet civil liberties organization in
Washington, DC. He was also Deputy Policy Director of the Electronic Frontier
Foundation. Mr. Weitzner has a degree in law from Buffalo Law School, and a B.A. in
Philosophy from Swarthmore College.

His publications on communications policy
have appeared in the Yale Law Review, Global Networks, MIT Press, Computerworld,
Wired Magazine, Social Research, Electronic Networking: Research, Applications &
Policy, and The Whole Earth Review. He is also a commentator for NPR's Marketplace
Radio.

Drawing upon a unique combination of more than twenty years of technical,
legal, policy, and business experience, Jody Westby founded The Work-IT Group In
January, 2000. Prior to that, Ms. Westby ran a start-up company, managed the
domestic policy department for the world's largest business organization, was
senior fellow and director of information technology (rr) studies for one of the
nation's leading think tanks, practiced law with two top-tier New York firms, and
spent ten years in the computer industry specializing in database management
systems.

The Work-IT Group provides privacy/security risk management consulting to
corporations and governments, focusing on the legal and organizational
considerations pertaining to information/ infrastructure security, privacy,
cybercrime, continuity of business operations, information warfare, and Homeland
Security. Its clients include the U.S. Government's Agency for International
Development, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Office of Personnel
Management, The World Bank, the University of Maryland's IRIS Center, plus
numerous private sector corporations. The Work-IT Group also has a strategic
alliance with SAIC's Enterprise Security Solutions Group.

Ms. Westby serves as Consulting Counsel to Wiley, Rein & Fielding, a prominent
Washington, D.C. law firm. Ms. Westby also specialties in the legal/regulatory
framework for IT and using technology as an economic driver and booster of
competitiveness for developing countries. In January 2003, she developed a
methodology and approach for USAID for determining reform priorities for growth
of e-commerce and development using ICT.5. She has commented on and/or drafted
e-commerce legislation for Armenia, Bangladesh, and Bulgaria. Ms. Westby has
advised government officials and industry in Bulgaria, Croatia, Macedorda,
Romania, Armenia, Serbia, Russia, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Trinidad, Dominica, St.
Lucia, Grenada, and South Africa.

Ms. Westby is a member of the bars of the District of Columbia, Colorado and
Pennsylvania and the American Bar Association. She is chair of the ABA's Privacy
and Computer Crime Committee and was chair, co-author and editor of its
International Guide to Combating Cybercrime, International Strategy for
Cyberspare Security, and International Corporate Privacy Handbook. Ms. Westby is
a member of the World Federation of Scientists' Permanent Monitoring Panel on
Information Security. She also serves on the advisory board of The Intellectual
Property Counselor and Eruces, Inc. Ms. Westby is the author of numerous articles
on information security and speaks globally on privacy/ security, cybercrime,
Homeland Security, and legal issues pertaining to the use of technology.

- Workshop: Privacy and Civil Liberties Issues in Computing Applications
Research and Development

Professor Winograd's focus is on human-computer interaction design, with a
focus on the theoretical background and conceptual models. He directs the teaching
programs in Human-Computer Interaction. and HCI research in the Stanford
Interactivity Lab. He is also a principal investigator in the Stanford Digital
Libraries Project.and the Interactive Workspaces Project.

Winograd was a founding member and past president of Computer Professionals
for Social Responsibility. He is on a number of journal editorial boards, including
Human Computer Interaction, Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, and Informatica.

Mary Wirth is senior international counsel at Yahoo! Inc., where she
oversees litigation and compliance matters in over 20 countries. Mary also is an
adjunct professor at U.C. Hastings College of the Law, where she teaches Trial
Advocacy and an internet law seminar. Prior to joining Yahoo!, Mary was an
attorney with McCutchen, Doyle, Brown & Enersen in San Francisco, where she
litigated media defense, product liability, tax and other matters in the state and
federal courts. She also has practiced media and First Amendment law as in-house
litigation counsel for the Fox entertainment companies and, before that, as an
associate with O'Melveny & Myers.

Nicole Wong is Senior Compliance Counsel for Google. Prior to joining Google, Nicole was a partner at the law firm of Perkins Coie, LLP, where she led a team of attorneys specializing in Internet law, including online content regulation, privacy, security and eCommerce.

In addition to her practice, Nicole is a frequent speaker and author on issues regarding Internet privacy. She was co-chair of PLI's Internet Law Institute and an adjunct professor at the University of San Francisco School of Law where she taught media law. In April 2000, Nicole testified before the House of Representatives Subcommittee on the Constitution regarding the Fourth Amendment and the Internet. She received her law degree and a Master's degree in Journalism from the University of California at Berkeley.

Qiong Wu, L.L.M. Candidate, University of
California, Berkeley School of Law (Boalt Hall)

- BOF 11: Digital Copyright in Europe and Asia: How Does it Differ From
the U.S.?

Qiong Wu, LL.M. candidate of Boalt Hall, UC Berkeley. Qiong Wu has been a
practicing lawyer in ZY & Partners, an prominent Chinese law firm, before she came
to US for her comparative study of IP law. Her recent publication and presentation
include: Commentary on Patent Law of P.R.C., co-author, Commercial and Clearance
House Asia Limited. (CCH), Assignment of Arbitration Clause in Case of Assignment
of Contractual Rights and Assumption of Contractual Obligations, Beijing Lawyer May
2003. She is currently working on the LL.M. thesis about the patentability of
business method in China.

Albert Zakarian is lead counsel in DirecTV v. Treworgy, which is
scheduled for oral arguments before the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals next
month. Since 2001, he has specialized in Internet, satellite and cable law; he had
represented over 2000 clients relating to the DirecTV campaign against Technology
Innovation and Satellite Piracy.

Before entering his current field of law, he had specialized in complex
real property litigation with Anthony G. Woodward, P.A, and served as outside
litigation counsel, Northeast region, for General Motors Corp. Zakarian earned his
law degree from Albany Law School in 1995 after serving in the U.S. Army from
1989-1992. In 1988, he graduated from University of Laverne, CA with a B.A. in
political science.