Stonewall Riots
The confrontations between police and demonstrators at the Stonewall Inn in New York City the weekend of June 27-29, 1969 mark the beginning of the modern glbtq movement for equal rights.

Gay Liberation Front
Formed soon after the Stonewall Riots of 1969, the short-lived but influential Gay Liberation Front brought a new militancy to the movement that became known as gay liberation.

Leather Culture
"Leather" is a blanket term for a large array of sexual preferences, identities, relationship structures, and social organizations loosely tied together by the thread of what is conventionally understood as sadomasochistic sex.

Anthony, Susan B.
Although best known for her crusade for women's suffrage, Susan B. Anthony spoke out on a range of feminist issues.

Africa: Sub-Saharan, Pre-Independence
With reports from hundreds of sub-Saharan African locales of male-male sexual relations and from about fifty of female-female sexual relations, it is clear that same-sex sexual relations existed in traditional African societies, though varying in forms and in the degree of public acceptance

Androgyny
Androgyny, a psychological blending of gender traits, has long been embraced by strong women, soft men, members of queer communities, and others who do not easily fit into traditionally defined gender categories.

Russia
A cultural crossroads between Asia and Europe, Russia has a long, rich, and often violent heritage of varied influences and stark confrontations in regard to its patterns of same-sex love.

On November 12, 2012, the UPS Foundation announced that under its new guidelines the Boy Scouts of America is no longer eligible for grants. The UPS gave $167,000 to the Boy Scouts in 2010, but has been under pressure from equal rights groups to end its funding because of the Boy Scouts' discriminatory policy that bars openly gay scouts and scout leaders.

Aaron McQuade, Director of News and Field Media at the Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD), said that the UPS Foundation had confirmed that under its new guidelines organizations whose practices do not align with the Foundation's non-discrimination policy will no longer be considered eligible for funding.

UPS thus joins the Intel Corporation, which announced in September that it would no longer donate to the Boy Scouts of America, so long as the Scouts stand by their ban on gay members. BSA troops and councils around the country that have stated that they will defy the ban may still receive support from the Intel Foundation.

Intel Corporation, which was the Boy Scouts of America's largest corporate donor, gave $700,000 to the organization in 2010. To receive funding from Intel henceforward, Boy Scout troops must denounce the national policy that bans gay scouts and leaders, which was reaffirmed in July.

Intel and UPS were targeted as the result of an investigation by The American Independent, which revealed that "Corporate foundations have given millions to the Boy Scouts of America and its subdivisions in recent years despite that organization's policy of excluding gays and lesbians. Many of those same foundations have policies against giving to organizations that discriminate based on sexual orientation."

Reporter Andy Birkey found that "Twenty-three of the top 50 corporate foundations, ranked by the Foundation Center in terms of total charitable giving, gave at least $10,000 each to the Boy Scouts in 2010, the most recent year for which data was available for most companies. Combined, they gave about $3.6 million."

In response, Zach Wahls, an Eagle Scout who is the son of lesbian parents and the founder of Scouts for Equality, initiated a Change.org petition calling on Intel to end its support of the Boy Scouts. It gathered more than 30,000 signatures in little more than 24 hours.

After Intel capitulated, Wahls launched a petition calling upon UPS to end its support of the Boy Scouts. It gathered more than 80,000 signatures.

GLAAD President Herndon Graddick welcomed the UPS Foundation's decision to enforce its non-discrimination policy. He said, "More and more corporate leaders are enacting strong non-discrimination policies for practices including grant funding and hiring. Equality is not only good for business, but supported by a vast majority of Americans. The time is now for the BSA to end this outdated and unpopular ban before other corporate funders pull dollars and scouting families drop their support."

Despite a recent history of haphazard enforcement of its policy in a manner similar to the way the military enforced the Don't Ask, Don't Tell policy in its last couple of years, the organization concluded in July that its ban "is absolutely the best policy for the organization."

However, pressure to change the policy has intensified recently.

Jennifer Tyrrell's April ouster as den leader of her son's Cub Scout troop because she is a lesbian brought new attention to the ban.

Outrage was provoked by an incident in California this summer in which openly gay Eagle Scout Tim Griffin was fired from his seasonal job as counselor at Camp Winton, a job he had held for three years. In solidarity with him, a dozen other counselors resigned their positions.

In October, more outrage was sparked by the news that a California scout, Ryan Andresen, was denied an Eagle Scout pin because of his sexual orientation.

Ryan's mother, Karen Andresen, initiated a Change.org petition, asking that the Boy Scouts of America's discriminatory policy be changed and that her son be given the award that he earned.

The petition has now received more than 420,000 signatures. It may be accessed here.

On the Ellen Show, Ellen DeGeneres not only introduced the nation to the charming Ryan Andresen and his amazing mother, but also highlighted the injustice he experienced.