A new working paper produced by a Simon Fraser University researcher reveals that most environmental protesters attempting to block oil pipeline projects, such as those proposed by Northern Gateway and Kinder Morgan, aren’t just radicals.

The finding comes out of a web-based survey of more than 2,500 Canadians’, including 813 British Columbians’, perceptions of the Northern Gateway project’s risks and benefits. Axsen’s survey also polled attitudes towards Alberta’s oil sands.

Axsen hopes his research will help Canadian and American policymakers and stakeholders to better understand citizens’ values and priorities. The researcher draws from economics, psychology, sociology and engineering to investigate the nexus of technology, environmental policy and consumer behaviour.

Axsen’s survey polled a diverse representation of Canadians in all provinces, except Quebec, based on age, sex, income and education level. He was surprised by the enormous regional variations in citizen support.

“B.C. is the only region where citizens are more likely to oppose the pipeline,” says Axsen. “Alberta citizens are obviously much more supportive, but even central and eastern Canadians are relatively supportive. It’s like we are on our own out here.”

Axsen found British Columbians are more likely to see environmental risks, including potential oil spills and increased greenhouse gas emissions, as outweighing benefits, while Albertans see economic benefits and job creation as outweighing risks.

Only 32 per cent of Albertan respondents felt the pipeline comes with “unacceptable environmental risks.”

Axsen also found that pipeline support is related to individual values in both regions. Citizens who placed higher importance on the preservation of the biosphere and altruistic goals, even in Alberta, were more likely to oppose pipeline projects and expansion. Citizens emphasizing traditional or egotistic, self-focused values, even in B.C., were more likely to be supportive.

Axsen based his assessments on common psychological question scales that measure human values. For example, the scale of “traditional values” is based on the importance that citizens place on self-discipline, restraint, family security and respect for parents/elders.

“These survey results underscore that protesters’ demands and concerns in B.C. are not necessarily extreme viewpoints from extreme people,” says Axsen. “Rather, these acts of resistance are reflective of what most British Columbians seem to want: to stop a pipeline that poses too much risk for B.C.’s natural resources.”

Simon Fraser University is Canada's top-ranked comprehensive university and one of the top 50 universities in the world under 50 years old. With campuses in Vancouver, Burnaby and Surrey, B.C., SFU engages actively with the community in its research and teaching, delivers almost 150 programs to more than 30,000 students, and has more than 120,000 alumni in 130 countries.