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SA Constitution (Section 28) — "Every child has the right" :

28. (1) Every child has the right -(a) to a name and a nationality from birth;(b) to family care or parental care, or to appropriate alternative care whenremoved from the family environment;(c) to basic nutrition, shelter, basic health care services and social services;(d) to be protected from maltreatment, neglect, abuse or degradation;(e) to be protected from exploitative labour practices;(f) not to be required or permitted to perform work or provide services that -(i) are inappropriate for a person of that child’s age; or(ii) place at risk the child’s well-being, education, physical or mental healthor spiritual, moral or social development;(h) not to be detained except as a measure of last resort, in which case, inaddition to the rights a child enjoys under sections 12 and 35, the childmay be detained only for the shortest appropriate period of time, and hasthe right to be -(i) kept separately from detained persons over the age of 18 years; and(ii) treated in a manner, and kept in conditions, that take account of thechild’s age;(j) to have a legal practitioner assigned to the child by the state, and at stateexpense, in civil proceedings affecting the child, if substantial injustice wouldotherwise result; and(k) not to be used directly in armed conflict, and to be protected in times of armedconflict.(2) A child’s best interests are of paramount importance in every matter concerning the child.(3) In this section “child” means a person under the age of 18 years.