The Drake equation was devised by Dr. Frank Drake in 1961. It was used by Gene Roddenberry in 1964 in his pitch for Star Trek. He did not have a copy of the equation so he made up his own, which is the "second variation" from "Future's End". According to the Star Trek Encyclopedia (4th ed., vol. 1, p. 218), Drake himself visited the set one day, and even viewed Roddenberry's "second variation", before gently pointing out that a value raised to the first power is merely the value itself.