Judaism Over the Centuries

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Transcript of Judaism Over the Centuries

Some Jews chose not to leave Jerusalem After 60 years of the capture of Masada the Jews began another revoltOnce again, the Roman army defeated the JewsAfter this rebellion in 130's the Romans banned all Jews from Jerusalem If any Jew was caught in or near the city they would be killedJewish migration increased throughout the Mediterranean region increased Traditions and Holy DaysListen up! This will be on the test and… We have a super fun activity planned for you all!

Revolt Against RomeThe Zealots didn't think that the Jews should answer to anyone but GodThey refused to listen to Roman officials They urged Jews to rise up against the RomansIn 66 AD the Jews revoltedIn the end the revolt against Romans was not successfulThe Revolt lasted for 4 years and caused terrible damage At the end, Jerusalem lay in ruinsRomans burned the Second Temple in 70 AD About 1,000 Zealots locked themselves in a mountain fortress called MasadaRomans sent 15,000 soldiers to capture these ZealotsWhen the Romans broke through the Masada's wall they refused to be Roman slaves Please no...TalkingReadingWritingMessing with stuffNot paying attention to the presentationQuestions until the endSTUPID QUESTIONSJudaism Over the CenturiesBy: Mia#10, Ria#17, Ishita #22

Result of the RevoltAfter the capture of the Masada in 73 AD, the revolt was overRomans killed most of Jerusalem's populationThey took most of surviving Jews to Rome as slavesThe Romans took over the cityThousands of Jews left Jerusalem after the destruction of the Second Temple Most moved to Jewish communities in other parts of the Roman Empire One common place was Alexandria in Egypt which had a large Jewish communityPassoverJews in Spain and PortugalRevolt, Defeat, MigrationA Second RevoltMigration and DiscriminationTwo Cultural TraditionsThe Jews in Eastern EuropeHanukkahHigh Holy DaysVocabulary1.

Zealots- Radical Jews who supported rebellion against the Romans

2. Rabbis- religious teachers

3. Passover- A holiday in which Jews remember the Exodus

4. High Holy Days- The two most sacred days of Jewish religious observance -Rosh Hashanah and Yom KipperTHE

END!Today, We will be playing an advanced version of musical chairs.1. You will pace around the class while the music plays while we take away 3-5 chairs.2.When you get out, we will ask you questions about this lesson. The first person to get it right will get candy.3. When you get out stand near the chairs.4.The last person who survives is the winner and gets SPECIAL prize.

GOOD LUCK!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!ACTIVITYTHE WINNER IS...Teachings of Judaism helped unite the Jews After the conquest of Israel by the Romans many events threatened to tear the societyOne threat to the Jewish society was the foreign ruleMany Jews in Jerusalem had grown tired of the foreign ruleThe Jews thought if they could regain their independence they could recreate the kingdom of IsraelThe Jews that were not living in Jerusalem their nature of Judaism changed The Jews no longer had a single temple to worship Leaders called rabbis had a greater role in guiding Jews in their religious lifeThey were responsible for interpreting the Torah and teaching Yohanan ben Zaccai taught Judaism and taught them to be rabbis Jews moved out of the Mediterranean region to other parts of the worldJews were forced to leave by other religious groups who discriminated against themSome Jews settled in Asia, Russia, and much later the United States Jewish communities developed all around the world Jews everywhere shared the same belief of Judaism Communities in various parts of the world had different customs The communities in different parts of the world began to develop different languages, rituals, and culture The differences led to the creation of the two main cultural traditions that still last today One of the two main traditions is AshkenazimIt is made up of descendents of Jews who moved to France, Germany, and eastern EuropeThese Jews had communities separate from non- Jewish communitiesThey developed customs that were unlike those of their neighbors They developed their own language, YiddishYiddish is similar to to German but is written in the Hebrew alphabet Another Jewish cultural tradition developed during the Diaspora in Spain and Portugal The descendents of Jews there are called the SephardimTheir language,Ladino, is a mix of Spanish, Hebrew, and ArabicThe Sephardim mixed with the region's non-Jewish residentsSephardic religious and cultural practices borrowed elements from other cultures. Sephardim produced a golden age in Jewish culture in AD 1000's and 1100's Jewish poets wrote beautiful works in Hebrew and other languages Hebrew scholars made great advances in mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and philosophy Jewish culture is one of the oldest in the worldJews feel a strong connection with the past and feel that understanding their history will help them better follow Jewish teachingsTheir traditions and holy days help them understand and celebrate historyOne Jewish tradition that is celebrated by people is Hanukkah, which falls in DecemberIt honors re-dedication of the Second Temple during the revolt of the Maccabees The Maccabees wanted to celebrate a great victory that the non-Jewish rulers convinced them to keep their religion According to legend, the Maccabees didn't have enough lamp oil to perform re-dedication ceremonyMiraculously,the oil they had enough to burn for one day, burned for eight full days Jews celebrate this event by lighting candles in a special candle holder called a menorahIts eight branches represent the eight days through which the oil gets burnedJews also exchange gifts on the each of the eight nights Passover is celebrated in March or April During Passover Jews eat only matzo, a flat, unrisen breadThey also celebrate the holy day with ceremonies and a ritual meal called sedarDuring the sedar, participants recall and reflect upon the events of the Exodus They take place each year in September or OctoberThe first two days of the celebration, Rosh Hashanah, celebrate the beginning of a new year in the Jewish calender On Yom Kipper which falls soon afterward, Jews ask God to forgive their sinsJews consider Yom Kipper to be the holiest day of the entire yearSince it is so holy, Jews don't eat or drink anything for the entire dayMany of the ceremonies they preform for Yom Kipper date back to the days of the Second TempleThese ceremonies help many Jews feel more connected to their long past/ to the days of Abraham and Moses