Italy has been persistently facing problems regarding its management of wastewater, rising levels of air pollution, and untreated garbage waste.

In December 2016, Italy was charged a fine of 62 million by the EU over failure to meet standards in 80 of the country's urban waste water treatment plants. The commission also proposed a daily penalty 347,000 if the treatment plans failed to comply with the standards.

The pollution index of Italy in the year 2016 was 56.56 which has slightly reduced as compared to the year 2015, which was 57.75. The water and air pollution indices for Italy were moderate at 41.29 and 46.63, respectively.

Major industries utilizing and demanding environmental consulting services in Italy are oil and gas, aerospace, textile, and electrical equipment. Major environmental consulting service companies in Italy are IGW Srl, E3 Environmental Consultants, Adeco Srl, HIS Consulting Srl, and The Green Consulting Group.