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Cellulosic ethanol reality begins to set in

Biomass has low energy density relative to fossil fuels, and thus a conversion facility must have easy logistical access. In most cases, this means that biomass must be sourced close to the facility. This puts some limits on the size of biomass facilities, so they suffer from the lack of economies of scale.

Algae biofuel remains a possibility, as the refining is done right next to the tanks it is grown in.