Key Pakistani-Afghan trade deals stall on India, souring ties

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan and Afghanistan have shelved a raft of agreements that promised to more than triple cross-border trade, officials said, as economic ties seen as key to regional stability fall victim to rivalry and suspicion.

Afghan President Ashraf Ghani struck the trade deals with Pakistan soon after taking office last year as part of a broader rapprochement that included plans to share intelligence on Taliban insurgents active in both countries.

That cooperation was aimed at tackling the Islamist militant movement, which has separate Afghan and Pakistani branches whose violent campaigns kill thousands of people each year and hamper much-needed development.

The trade deals were supposed to be a step towards warmer relations and boosting Afghanistan-Pakistan trade from $1.6 billion now to $5bn by 2017.

But officials told Reuters that the agreements, which include reducing tariffs and granting each other preferential trade status, have stalled.

“There has been no progress or further meetings for months since those agreements were signed,” said Musafer Qoqandi, the Afghan Commerce Ministry's spokesman.

The key bone of contention was whether Pakistan would allow trade from old rival India to cross its territory.

The setback first emerged in April, but neither side was willing to discuss it amid attempts to salvage the agreements and maintain the appearance of unity.

But political relations deteriorated after a spate of Taliban attacks in Afghanistan last month, including several large blasts in Kabul, and the impasse over trade spilled into the open, further complicating efforts to save the deals.

Some Afghans blame Pakistan for supporting the Taliban, charges that Pakistan denies.

As diplomats from the two countries swap blame, some are wondering how they can control militancy together if they cannot make progress on trade.

“If Pakistan and Afghanistan aren't able to agree on relatively simple trade initiatives that benefit both countries, how can they be expected to make progress in security cooperation?” asked Vaqar Ahmed, deputy executive director at Islamabad's Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI).

A labourer moves sacks of onions to a truck bound for Afghanistan at a transit depot in Peshawar, September 15, 2015. — ReutersDisagreements over India
Muzamel Shinware, Afghanistan's deputy commerce minister, told Reuters that it was “illogical and unfair” not to include Indian trade crossing Pakistan into Afghanistan.

Under the terms of the agreements, Pakistan was to have been allowed to ship its goods to markets in Central Asia and beyond via Afghan territory.

But the row over Indian goods has jeopardised the deals, with India and Pakistan locked in a decades-old standoff.

“If you put India on the table, then the whole thing stops,” said a Pakistani official, speaking on condition of anonymity.