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Prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is a type of malignancy that arises in the prostate gland. Prostate cancer tends to develop in older men, aged 50 and over. In many cases prostate cancer develops slowly, although in some cases it can be aggressive and metastasize to other parts of the body.

In this Review, the authors discuss the emerging oncogenic roles of long non-coding RNAs in prostate, kidney and bladder cancers, highlighting unique opportunities to improve diagnosis, treatment and precision medicine strategies in these genitourinary malignancies.

In this Review, Amarasekera and colleagues consider the effect of prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment on men in sexual minority groups, including men who have sex with men and transgender women as well as men with HIV, and discuss how and why efforts to study this population are complicated and evolving.

In the absence of standards of care and defined best treatments for localized prostate cancer, Internet search engines provide patients with first information — or often misinformation. Clinicians need to guide patients to sources of high-quality evidence on focal ablative treatments for prostate cancer.