Sam Hamilton oral history interview as conducted by Jay Slack. This is a transcript of the broadcast conducted by the National Conservation Training Center featuring Sam Hamilton, Director of Fish and Wildlife Life Service from 2009-2010.

This glossary is intended to give the meaning of key words but does not necessarily provide a legal definition or thorough description. To locate the legal definitions of Endangered Species Act terms, please see the end of this document.

Endangered and/or threatened; Partnerships; Recovered; Work of the Service; Policies;

Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) is designed to regulate a wide range of activities that affect endangered and threatened plants and animals and the habitats upon which they depend. Unless specifically allowed by permit, the ESA...

Version 1.3 was updated June 2010. Recovery planning has evolved considerably over the years as we have learned more about the root causes of endangerment and what it takes to recover species. Species’ biological needs and responses to specific...

This handbook was primarily developed to aid FWS and NMFS biologists implementing the section 7 consultation process. The purpose of the handbook is to provide information and guidance on the various consultation processes outlined in the...

When a species is proposed for listing as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act (Act), we must consider whether there are areas of habitat we believe are essential to the species’ conservation. Those areas may be...

First recovery plan approved 12/7/1981. First revision approved June 1987. Second revision approved: 3/13/1995. The Florida panther is the last subspecies of Puma still surviving in the eastern United States. Historically occurring throughout the...

The Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended, is one of the most far reaching wildlife conservation laws ever enacted by any nation. Congress, on behalf of the American people, passed the ESA to prevent extinctions facing many species of fish,...

This is a booklet describing laws pertinent to the importation and exportation of endangered animals--alive or dead--and animal parts and products. It includes contact information for obtaining more specific information on the subject.

Critical habitat designation identifies those areas that are essential to the survival and recovery of the Mexican spotted owl, and describes those physical and biological features within those areas that require special management considerations...

The goal of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) is to conserve endangered and threatened species. Species are added to the Federal List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants in order to regulate activities that may impact them. When a...

The primary goal of PDM is to monitor the species to ensure the status does not deteriorate, and if a substantial decline in the species (numbers of individuals or populations) or an increase in threats is detected, to take measures to halt the...

Recovery is the process that stops the
decline of an endangered or threatened
species by removing or reducing
threats. Recovery ensures the longterm
survival of the species in the wild.
At that point, the species is recovered,
and protection of the...