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Content

Abstract

Attitudes of businesses towards corruption in the EU.
Topics: assessment of the following issues as a serious problem: corruption, patronage and nepotism, complexity of administrative procedures, fast-changing legislation and policies, inadequate national infrastructure, lack of means or procedures to recover debt from others, restrictive labour regulations, tax rates, access to financing (including credits); minimum value at which respondent would consider a gift or a service to be a bribe; assessment of corruption in the own country as a widespread problem; estimated extent of the following practices in public procurement procedures in the own country: abuse of negotiated procedures, abuse of emergency grounds to justify use of non-competitive or fast-track procedures, involvement of bidders in the design of specifications, unclear selection or evaluation criteria, conflict of interests in the evaluation of bids, specifications tailor-made for particular companies, collusive bidding, amendments of contract terms after conclusion of the contract; estimated extent regarding corruption in public procurement in the own country managed by national and by regional or local authorities; assessment of the most widespread practices in the own country: kickbacks, bribes, tax fraud or non-payment of VAT, offering free gifts or trips in exchange for a service, favouring friends and family members in business, funding political parties in exchange for public contracts or influence over policy making, favouring friends and family members in public institutions; approval of the following statements regarding corruption in the own country: too close links between business and politics lead to corruption, bribery and the use of connections is the easiest way to obtain certain public services, sufficient transparency and supervision of the funding of political parties, only way to succeed in business is to have political connections, favouritism and corruption hamper business competition, measures against corruption are applied impartially and without ulterior motives, petty corruption is appropriately punished, bribing senior officials is appropriately punished; participation of the company in a public tender or a public procurement procedure in the past three years; assessment of the possibility of corruption having prevented the company from a public tender or a public procurement contract in the last three years; estimation of the proportion of the company’s annual turnover coming from public tenders or public procurement procedures (in percent); reasons for not having taken part in a public tender or a public procurement procedure; contact of the company in the last twelve months with public authorities in order to obtain the following permits or services: building permits, business permits, change of land use, environmental permits, licence plates or permits related to vehicles, state aid and social, structural funds; demands for bribes from the company for the aforementioned permits or services in the own country.
Demography: information about the company: company size, number of employees; years of company activity; development of turnover in the last two years; total turnover in 2016.
Additionally coded was: respondent ID; country; NACE-Code; nation group; weighting factor.

Companies employing 1 or more persons in all the following sectors in the 28 European Union Member States:
- Energy, mining, oil and gas, chemicals
- Healthcare and pharmaceutical
- Engineering and electronics
- Construction and building
- Telecommunications and Information technologies
- Financial services, banking and investment
The selected respondent had to be CEOs, general managers, financial directors or significant owners.

Errata & Versions

Further Remarks

Number of Units:

7746

Number of Variables:

146

Analysis System(s):

SPSS, Stata

Publications

Publications

European Commission: Flash Eurobarometer 457. Businesses´ attitudes towards corruption in the EU. Conducted by TNS Political & Social at the request of the European Commission, Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs. Survey co-ordinated by the European Commission, Directorate-General for Communication (DG COMM “Media monitoring and analysis” Unit). Brussels, 2017. doi:10.2837/486749

Groups

EB - Flash Eurobarometer
The Flash Eurobarometer were launched by the European Commission in the late eighties, turning out a Monthly Monitor between in 1994 and 1995. These “small scale” surveys are conducted in all EU member states at times, occasionally reducing or enlarging the scope of countries as a function of specific topics. The typical sample size is 500-1000 respondents per country and interviews are usually conducted by phone in the respective national language. The Flash Eurobarometer include series on special topics (Common Currency, EU Enlargement, Information Society, Entrepreneurship, Innovation) as well as special target group polls, particularly company managers with enterprise related topics.