First generation-educated racial and ethnic minorities, people with disabilities, and those from disadvantaged backgrounds are gravely underrepresented in biomedical and behavioral disciplines, including health equity research careers. Institutional and contextual barriers that underrepresented faculty and students face when pursuing biomedical and behavioral research careers are formidable. However, academic institutions often lack the infrastructure and capacity to ameliorate these important issues.

The CSULB RIMI project, a five year program sponsored by NIMHD, made progress in fostering faculty and student health equity researchers and bridging research silos on a large, diverse, teaching-focused campus.

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plays an essential role in coordinating the autonomic, endocrine and behavioral responses to stressors. In this study, we investigated the role of CRF within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in modulating unconditioned defensive behaviors, by examining the effects of microinfusing cortagine a selective type-1 CRF receptor (CRF1) agonist, or acidic-astressin a preferential CRF1 antagonist, into the mPFC in male CD-1 mice exposed to a live predator (rat exposure test--RET). Cortagine microinfusions significantly reduced several indices of defense, including avoidance and freezing, suggesting a specific role for CRF1 within the infralimbic and prelimbic regions of the mPFC in modulating unconditioned behavioral responsivity to a predator. In contrast, microinfusions of acidic-astressin failed to alter defensive behaviors during predator exposure in the RET. Cortagine microinfusions also reduced Fos protein production in the medial, central and basomedial, but not basolateral subnuclei of the amygdala in mice exposed to the rat predatory threat stimulus. These results suggest that CRF1 activation within the mPFC attenuates predator-induced unconditioned anxiety-like defensive behaviors, likely via inhibition of specific amygdalar nuclei. Furthermore, the present findings suggest that the mPFC represents a unique neural region whereby activation of CRF1 produces behavioral effects that contrast with those elicited following systemic administration of CRF1 agonists.

Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) are disproportionately affected with HIV, and nearly half are unaware of their status. Those unaware of their status are more likely to engage in risky behavior; thus, HIV-testing uptake is crucial. This study explored correlates of past-two-year HIV-testing history. BMSM (n = 102) completed self-administered questionnaires. Fisher exact test indicated that BMSM at clubs/bars and Gay Pride events had higher rates of being tested within the past two years (86\%-65\%) than did participants who responded to online advertisements (44\%, p \< .001). Among those untested for HIV, slightly half reported receptive anal sex without a condom (48\%, p = .033), used the Internet seeking sex (54\%, p \< .001), low HIV knowledge (52\%, p = .005), and less education. Literacy and tailored online interventions might be worth considering to increase HIV-testing uptake.

Previous studies have shown that female rats exhibit different patterns of drug seeking during multiple phases of cocaine addiction when compared with males. However, the underlying mechanisms for these sex differences remain largely unknown. Here, we used a cocaine self-administration/reinstatement model to examine neuronal activation, as determined by Fos expression, following cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking in male and female rats. Fos expression revealed both similarities between sexes in some brain regions, as well as selective sexually dimorphic patterns. As compared to no cue control subjects, conditioned cues induced higher Fos expression in the Cg1 region of the anterior cingulate cortex, but lower expression in the nucleus accumbens in both males and females. Females exhibited higher Fos expression than males in multiple brain regions, including the agranular insular cortex, dorsal medial caudate-putamen, nucleus accumbens shell, ventral tegmental area, dorsal subiculum, and ventral CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus. Notably, only Fos expression in the prelimbic cortex, nucleus accumbens shell, basolateral amygdala, and ventral subiculum correlated positively with lever responding in response to conditioned cues across males and females. These findings indicate that while sexually dimorphic Fos activation does occur, the relationship between cue-induced cocaine seeking and neuronal activation may be similar for males and females in key brain regions of the relapse circuit.

Anal intercourse poses a greater risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission than vaginal intercourse, and in recent years there has been a growing understanding that heterosexual anal intercourse (HAI) is not uncommon. However, the majority of the anal intercourse literature has focused on men who have sex with men. The little research on HAI has mostly looked at women, with limited work among men. This analysis examined the association between HAI and high-risk behaviors (N = 1,622) and sexual sensation seeking (N = 239) in a sample of men recruited from 2001 to 2012 in Long Beach, California. Almost half of the sample was non-Hispanic Black. The median age was 42 years, 42\% were homeless, and 20\% reported recent HAI. Men who reported HAI were likely to be Hispanic, were likely to be homeless, had a male partner, engaged in sex exchange, and used cocaine or amphetamines during sex. Men who reported HAI scored higher on the Sexual Sensation Seeking scale. This research supports other work showing the relationship between HAI and high-risk behaviors. More important, it contributes new knowledge by demonstrating the association between HAI and sexual sensation seeking. This research highlights the importance of personality traits when trying to understand sexual behavior and when developing HIV prevention interventions.

Factors associated with retention and outcomes for Hispanic offenders mandated to treatment for substance use disorders have been overlooked in the literature resulting in an impediment to providing evidence-based, culturally relevant treatment services. This project examined the roles of motivational factors, the therapeutic relationship, and acculturation in predicting treatment retention and recidivism among Hispanic male probationers mandated to residential treatment. By following a treatment cohort over one hundred and twenty days, this research identifies factors that may be targeted to improve interventions and policies. The following conclusions are supported: among Hispanic offenders, the number of days in treatment is positively related to motivation to change and level of acculturation.

This paper reports results for an exploratory study focused on the relationships between stressors, social support, stress states, and adaptational patterns among a sample of Cambodian university students. The conceptual framework for the study is based on Marsella{\textquoteright}s Interactional Model of Psychopathology. Cambodian students are faced with challenges that affect their psychological wellbeing as well astheir ability to lead their fragile democracy into the global economy. Findings lead to two major conclusions: First, the major stress factors affecting students{\textquoteright} life satisfaction depends on life events, the problems of everyday life, and the availability of social support. Second, the only stress factor showing a strong impact on students{\textquoteright} psychological and somatic responses is the exposure to daily hassles. Limitations of the present study and suggestions for future studies are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]Copyright of International Review of Modern Sociology is the property of International Review of Modern Sociology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder{\textquoteright}s express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Incorrect condom use is a common problem that can undermine their prevention impact. We assessed the prevalence of 2 condom use problems, breakage/slippage and partial use, compared problems by partnership type, and examined associations with respondent, partner, and partnership characteristics.

RESULTS: Overall 3297 respondents reported 9304 main and 6793 non-main partnerships; condoms were used at least once in 4942 (53.0\%) and 4523 (66.6\%) of these partnerships, respectively. Condom breakage/slippage was reported during 6.0\% of uses (5.1\% main, 9.4\% non-main) and partial use during 12.5\% of uses (12.8\% main, 11.5\% non-main). The proportion of respondents experiencing any condom use problem in the prior 3 months was higher among main compared with non-main partnerships: 39.1\% versus 29.9\% had either problem; 22.5\% versus 19.0\% had breakage/slippage only; 21.8\% versus 18.7\% had partial use; and 8.7\% versus 7.1\% had both use problems. In multivariable analysis, factors associated with condom use problems varied by partnership type and respondent sex. The most common predictors of problems across models were sex while high and inconsistent condom use.

CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the diverse set of risk factors for condom use problems at the individual, partner, and partnerships levels.

A 2-phase study was conducted to develop a culturally informed measure of psychosocial stress for adolescents: the Hispanic Stress Inventory-Adolescent Version (HSI-A). Phase 1 involved item development through the collection of open-ended focus group interview data (n = 170) from a heterogeneous sample of Hispanic youths residing in the southwest and northeast United States. In Phase 2, we examined the psychometric properties of the HSI-A (n = 1,651), which involved the use of factor analytic procedures to determine the underlying scale structure of the HSI-A for foreign-born and U.S.-born participants in an aggregated analytic approach. An 8-factor solution was established, with factors that include Family Economic Stress, Acculturation-Gap Stress, Culture and Educational Stress, Immigration-Related Stress, Discrimination Stress, Family Immigration Stress, Community and Gang-Related Stress, and Family and Drug-Related Stress. Concurrent, related validity estimates were calculated to determine relations between HSI-A and other measures of child psychopathology and behavioral and emotional disturbances. HSI-A total stress appraisal scores were significantly correlated with both the Children{\textquoteright}s Depression Inventory and the Youth Self Report (p \< .001). Reliability estimates for the HSI-A were conducted, and they yielded high reliability coefficients for most factor subscales, with the HSI-A total stress appraisal score reliability alpha at .92. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).

Urban, socially disadvantaged individuals are at high risk for traumatic event exposure and its subsequent psychiatric symptomatology. This study examined the association between race/ethnicity and symptom severity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and depression in an urban clinical sample of 170 trauma-exposed adults. In addition, this study investigated the role of socioeconomic position (SEP) and coping style in the relationship between race/ethnicity and posttrauma psychiatric symptom severity. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that Blacks had lower depression symptom severity compared to Whites. No significant relationship was found between racial/ethnic group status and indices of SEP, PTSD, or GAD symptom severity. Adjustment for trauma exposure, gender, positive reframe coping, avoidance coping and negative coping accounted for 3\%, 3\%, 8\%, 4\%, and 3\% of the variance in depression severity, respectively; however, Black race remained significantly associated with decreased depression symptom severity accounting for a statistically significant 5\% of the variance in lower depression symptom severity. These preliminary findings and their clinical implications are discussed.

In this article we examine the prevalence of and associations between sexual orientation{\textendash}based verbal harassment and reported utilization of health services across levels of sexual orientation in a diverse sample of adult recipients of Los Angeles County{\textendash}funded HIV-related health and social services. Thirty-two percent reported they had experienced verbal harassment, the majority (80.3\%) of whom identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB). Those who reported being verbally harassed received significantly more services overall than those who were not verbally harassed, and service utilization varied by sexual orientation. These findings inform future efforts to identify and assess social discrimination in health and social service settings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract)

},
keywords = {Risk Assessment},
isbn = {1053-8720},
doi = {10.1080/10538720.2012.669696},
url = {laura.danna@csulb.edu},
author = {Laura H D{\textquoteright}Anna and Nguyen, H D and Grace L. Reynolds and Dennis G Fisher and Janson, Michael and Cristy Chen and C. Kevin Malotte}
}
@article {145,
title = {Safe in the city: effective prevention interventions for human immunodeficiency virus and sexually transmitted infections},
journal = {American journal of preventive medicine},
volume = {42},
year = {2012},
note = {Am J Prev MedHarshbarger, Camilla LO{\textquoteright}Donnell, Lydia NWarner, LeeMargolis, Andrew DRichardson, Doug BNovey, Sharon RGlover, LaShon CKlausner, Jeffrey DMalotte, C KevinRietmeijer, Cornelis A200-2003-01924/PHS HHS/NetherlandsAm J Prev Med. 2012 May;42(5):468-72. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.01.029.},
month = {May},
pages = {468-72},
type = {Research Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, P.H.S.},
edition = {2012/04/21},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The public health literature documents the efficacy-effectiveness gap between research and practice resulting from the research priority of demonstrating efficacy at the expense of testing for effectiveness. PURPOSE: The Safe in the City video-based HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention intervention designed for sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic waiting rooms is presented as a case study to demonstrate the application of a new framework to bridge efficacy and effectiveness. The goal of the study is to determine the extent to which clinics are implementing the intervention. METHODS: As part of the case study, data were collected from a convenience sample of 81 publicly funded STD clinics during program implementation to determine whether clinics were showing the video. A baseline telephone survey was administered to clinic directors from November to December 2008, and a follow-up was conducted from March to May 2009. Data analysis was completed in 2009. RESULTS: At baseline, 41\% of STD clinics were showing Safe in the City, which increased to 58\% at follow-up. None reported previous implementation of behavioral interventions delivered in waiting rooms. Almost one fourth of clinics adapted the intervention by showing the video on laptop computers in examination rooms or in other venues with different audiences. CONCLUSIONS: The Safe in the City intervention was implemented by the majority of STD clinics and adapted for implementation. The framework for HIV/STI prevention intervention illustrates how measures of effectiveness were increased in the development, evaluation, dissemination, implementation and sustainability phases of research and program.},
keywords = {Videotape Recording},
isbn = {0749-3797 (Linking)},
doi = {10.1016/j.amepre.2012.01.029},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22516486},
author = {Harshbarger, C. L. and L. O{\textquoteright}Donnell and L Warner and Margolis, A. D. and Douglas B Richardson and Novey, S. R. and Glover, L. C. and J. D. Klausner and C. Kevin Malotte and Cornelis A Rietmeijer}
}
@article {147,
title = {Substance Use Patterns among High-Risk American Indians/Alaska Natives in Los Angeles County},
journal = {American Journal on Addictions},
volume = {21},
year = {2012},
note = {Dickerson, Daniel L. 1,2 Fisher, Dennis G. 3 Reynolds, Grace L. 3 Baig, Safia 3 Napper, Lucy E. 3 Anglin, M. Douglas 2; Affiliation: 1: United American Indian Involvement, Inc. (UAII), Los Angeles, California 2: UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs (ISAP), Los Angeles, California 3: Center for Behavioral Research and Services, California State University, Long Beach, California; Source Info: Sep2012, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p445; Subject Term: SUBSTANCE abuse; Subject Term: INDIANS; Subject Term: ALASKA Natives; Subject Term: METHAMPHETAMINE; Subject Term: MARIJUANA; Subject Term: DRINKING of alcoholic beverages; Subject Term: RISK factors; Subject Term: LOS Angeles County (Calif.); Subject Term: CALIFORNIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 722410 Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages); NAICS/Industry Codes: 111999 All other miscellaneous crop farming; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article},
pages = {445-452},
type = {Article},
abstract = {Background: Substance abuse among American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) is a significant and long-standing health problem in the U.S. Two-thirds of American AIs/ANs reside in the urban setting. However, studies analyzing substance use characteristics among urban AI/ANs are very limited. Methods:Substance use patterns among a sample of AI/ANs (n = 77) and other ethnic/racial groups in Los Angeles County at high risk of substance abuse were analyzed utilizing three datasets from programs targeting individuals at high risk for substance abuse and risky sexual behaviors. Results:Compared to all other ethnic/racial groups, AI/ANs demonstrated significantly younger age of onset of alcohol, marijuana, methamphetamine, and {\textquoteright}other{\textquoteright} drug use, higher correlations of age of first use of amphetamine with a measure of the drug{\textquoteright}s reinforcement, and higher mean number of illicit drug injections in the 30 days before being interviewed. Conclusions:Results from this study highlight a critical need for furthering our understanding of substance abuse problems among urban AI/ANs.(Am J Addict 2012;00:1-8) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]Copyright of American Journal on Addictions is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder{\textquoteright}s express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)},
keywords = {CALIFORNIA},
isbn = {10550496},
doi = {10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.00258.x},
url = {http://mcc1.library.csulb.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true\&db=a9h\&AN=78420214\&site=ehost-live},
author = {Daniel L. Dickerson and Dennis G Fisher and Grace L. Reynolds and Safia Baig and Lucy E Napper and Anglin, M. Douglas}
}
@conference {26,
title = {Understanding gender based trauma and violence: Do urban women carry a heavier burden than men?},
booktitle = {California State University, Long Beach Women{\textquoteright}s Research Colloquium},
year = {2012},
month = {April 10, 2012},
address = {Long Beach, California},
author = {Bita Ghafoori}
}
@conference {27,
title = {Acetaminophen enhances the rewarding effects of hydrocodone},
booktitle = {Society of Neuroscience},
year = {2011},
month = {11/2011},
address = {Washington, District of Colombia},
author = {Arturo R Zavala}
}
@article {28,
title = {African American men and HIV testing in Long Beach},
journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
volume = {101},
year = {2011},
pages = {966-67},
author = {Grace L. Reynolds and Dennis G Fisher and Lucy E Napper}
}
@article {29,
title = {Arbitrary arbitration: diverting juveniles into the justice system--a reexamination after 22 years.},
journal = {Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol},
volume = {55},
year = {2011},
month = {2011 Jun},
pages = {605-25},
abstract = {

This article reports on a study of a juvenile diversion program based in California. It replicates a similar 1986 study of a Florida-based juvenile diversion program. Both studies examine the appropriateness of the actual juvenile population serviced in comparison with the declared and described programs\&$\#$39; target populations. Findings in the current research support earlier findings that the diversion program services self-serving, low-risk populations, rather than their intended \"first-time nonviolent,\" more seriously at risk of continued delinquent behavior, target population. This finding is examined in terms of its relationship to issues of labeling and net widening, and suggests how the current study diversion program manages to create a fa{\c c}ade that more seriously at-risk youth are being properly targeted by the program.

This study was designed to explore the relationships between multiple forms of oppression and subjective physical health among a community sample of 85 Black lesbian and bisexual women. Self-report surveys assessing health behaviors, physical and mental health status, and experiences with discrimination were administered during a weekend retreat of a community-based organization serving this population. Structural equation modeling showed there were significant, but different, relationships between subjective health and two types of oppression, heterosexism and weight-based discrimination. Further research on the independent and intersectional effects of multiple forms of oppression on health is needed.

BACKGROUND: Successful diffusion and adoption is critical for the effectiveness and impact of a new intervention. The objective of this research was to evaluate the uptake and implementation of a newly released educational waiting room video in US sexually transmitted diseases (STD) Clinics. METHODS: A telephone survey was administered to a random sample of 73 clinic directors representing 76 US STD clinics 3 to 5 months following the availability of the intervention. A qualitative analysis was used to categorize survey responses and detect associations among them. RESULTS: Of the 76 clinics, 22\% were aware of the intervention and 17\% had ordered the intervention kit. The most frequently reported sources for hearing about the video were interpersonal communication/word of mouth, national conferences, and the STDPreventionOnline.org Website. The majority (74\%) of clinic directors reported using state or local entities as primary sources of new information; however, reporting these channels was associated with unawareness of the new intervention. Facilitators to adoption included having adequate video/DVD equipment (55\%) and a separate, nonshared waiting room for STD services in which to show the video (47\%). CONCLUSIONS: The data from this sample suggest that making greater use of prominent thought leaders and interpersonal communication, including social networking, and professional groups may improve awareness of new interventions. Some barriers to adoption, such as lack of equipment, have relatively inexpensive solutions yet bureaucratic or technical support issues may still play a role. However, some structural barriers, such as shared waiting areas, will require innovative alternatives to conventional practice.

BACKGROUND: Brain regions that mediate learning of a conditioned place preference (CPP) undergo significant development in pre and periadolescence. Consuming a high fat (HF) diet during this developmental period and into adulthood can lead to learning impairments in rodents. The present study tested whether HF diet intake, consumed only in pre and periadolescence, would be sufficient to cause impairments using a CPP procedure. METHODS: Rats were randomly assigned to consume a HF or a low fat (LF) diet during postnatal days (PD) 21-40 and were then placed back on a standard lab chow diet. A 20-day CPP procedure, using HF Cheetos\® as the unconditioned stimulus (US), began either the next day (PD 41) or 40 days later (PD 81). A separate group of adult rats were given the HF diet for 20 days beginning on PD 61, and then immediately underwent the 20-day CPP procedure beginning on PD 81. RESULTS: Pre and periadolescent exposure to a LF diet or adult exposure to a HF diet did not interfere with the development of a HF food-induced CPP, as these groups exhibited robust preferences for the HF Cheetos\® food-paired compartment. However, pre and periadolescent exposure to the HF diet impaired the development of a HF food-induced CPP regardless of whether it was assessed immediately or 40 days after the exposure to the HF diet, and despite showing increased consumption of the HF Cheetos\® in conditioning. CONCLUSIONS: Intake of a HF diet, consumed only in pre and periadolescence, has long-lasting effects on learning that persist into adulthood.

Recent findings suggest that elevated stress levels during the pre- and postpartum period are related to poor maternal and infant health outcomes; yet, few studies have prospectively examined the efficacy of stress management interventions on regulating stress levels among mothers and their infants. The current study examined whether a prenatal cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) intervention would be effective in regulating salivary cortisol (a biological marker of stress) and self-reported stress levels among mothers and their infants at six and 18 months postpartum, relative to two control groups. Our sample was comprised of predominantly Spanish-speaking, low-income women (80\%; mean age=25\±5 years) who were screened for depression during their second trimester of pregnancy (M=16\±5 weeks of gestation). Women at high risk for depression [i.e., having either a past history of major depression or current elevated symptoms of depression (\≥16 on CES-D)] were randomized to either a CBSM group (n=24) or a usual care (UC) group (n=33), while a low risk comparison (LRC) group (n=29) was comprised of women not meeting either depression criteria. ANCOVA analyses demonstrated that: (1) infants of women in the CBSM and LRC groups had significantly lower cortisol levels than infants of women in the UC group at six months postpartum (p\<.001); and (2) women in the CBSM group had lower cortisol levels than women in the UC group at 18 months postpartum (p\<.01). These results suggest that prenatal CBSM interventions may be efficacious in regulating biological markers of stress among mothers and their infants, thereby decreasing their risk for developing health complications over time.

This article serves as an introduction to the special issue entitled, \"Lesbians of African Descent: Contemporary Perspectives.\" We briefly discuss our framing of this collection as a contemporary contribution to the canon of Black lesbian writing and art, and identify themes that appear to transcend both earlier and current works of lesbians of African descent.

The CSULB, Center for Behavioral Research \& Services (CBRS) conducts behavioral research among hard-to-reach populations in Southern California. During data collection, CBRS staff members attempt to identify each research participant and link the participant to a unified participant record which details all prior contact with the agency. However, incomplete or inconsistent personal information can cause staff members to establish a new ID rather than amend an existing record. These errors are often identified after substantial research data has been collected. CBRS uses a SAS{\textregistered} macro and hash object to manage participants with multiple IDs without revising raw data sets or requiring analysts to know anything about the IDs established for an individual. Changes can be rolled-back in the rare case of a misidentified duplicate (e.g., twins or a Sr./Jr. relationship misidentified as the same individual). CBRS researchers also use a macro to accomplish fuzzy matching of one data set to any number of additional data sets by ID and date.

Bivariate analyses were utilized in order to identify the relations between scores on the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Inventory (CSBI) and self-report of risky sexual behavior and drug abuse among 482 racially and ethnically diverse men and women. CSBI scores were associated with both risky sexual behavior and drug abuse among a diverse non-clinical sample, thereby providing evidence of criterion-related validity. The variables that demonstrated a high association with the CSBI were subsequently entered into a multiple regression model. Four variables (number of sexual partners in the last 30\ days, self-report of trading drugs for sex, having paid for sex, and perceived chance of acquiring HIV) were retained as variables with good model fit. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were conducted in order to determine the optimal tentative cut point for the CSBI. The four variables retained in the multiple regression model were utilized as exploratory gold standards in order to construct ROC curves. The ROC curves were then compared to one another in order to determine the point that maximized both sensitivity and specificity in the identification of compulsive sexual behavior with the CSBI scale. The current findings suggest that a tentative cut point of 40 may prove clinically useful in discriminating between persons who exhibit compulsive sexual behavior and those who do not. Because of the association between compulsive sexual behavior and HIV, STIs, and drug abuse, it is paramount that a psychometrically sound measure of compulsive sexual behavior is made available to all healthcare professionals working in disease prevention and other areas.

We investigated the associations between the health care setting types that California adults report as their regular source of care, socioeconomic status, and perceived racial/ethnic medical care-related discrimination. Data were analyzed from the 2005 California Health Interview Survey (n = 36,694). Adults who identified clinics/health centers/hospital clinics or "other settings" as their usual source of health care had increased odds for perceived racial/ethnic discrimination compared with those who utilized private and health maintenance organizations doctors{\textquoteright} offices, although this was true only for middle, but not lower or higher, socio-economic respondents. We suggest several explanations for these findings and improvements for assessing health care-based racial discrimination.

Latinos are less likely to be aware of their HIV seropositivity than African Americans and Whites. \&$\#$39;Protege tu Familia: Hazte la Prueba\&$\#$39; is a culturally and linguistically-sensitive HIV/AIDS prevention and testing program targeting Latino families. Using community-based participatory research techniques, Spanish-speaking bicultural community health workers helped develop and then used an educational flip chart and materials to conduct outreach and HIV prevention education in diverse settings. The intervention was created to increase HIV/AIDS-related knowledge, to improve communication regarding sexual risk, and to augment intentions to use condoms and test for HIV. A secondary purpose was to decrease HIV-related stigma by improving knowledge about transmission and reducing homophobia. Participants demonstrated significant increases in HIV knowledge, intention to practice safer sex and communicate sexual risk to partner(s), and intention to test for HIV. Improvements were also found in self-reported comfort levels when interacting with and caring for the HIV positive, thus decreasing HIV/AIDS-related stigma.

Perceived discrimination is a psychosocial stressor that plays a role in explaining racial/ethnic disparities in self-reported physical and mental health. The purpose of this paper is: (1) to investigate the association between perceived discrimination in receiving healthcare and racial/ethnic disparities in self-rated health status, physical, and emotional functional limitations among a diverse sample of California adults; (2) to assess whether discrimination effects vary by racial/ethnic group and gender; and (3) to evaluate how the effects of discrimination on health are manifest across the socioeconomic position (SEP) spectrum.