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Slit) muu SATURDAY, MAY 28, 1836. WEEKLY. No. 5', Vol.XXV.....Wiioie No. 1465. PRINTED AND rUDUSIIBI) BY SCOTT fc WRIGHT. Offlce on Hlf.h-itreot, second door south of Armstrong's Uotol. J. BAIM1AC11E, EDITOR. TERMS Two Dollara nnd Fifty Cents, in advance; or Tlircc Dollars, at the end ot" tha year. No sulwcrllwr allowed to discontinue while he remains Indebted to the office. A semt.weekly pnper is also Issued from this office, at the rate of Two Dollars for 52 numbers, or Four Dollars por year. Letters on business should lie ndilrcsscd to the Publishers, mnd should be post-paid, except whan coining from Agents. COLUMBUS, MAT 21, 18H0. TEXAS. The causes to wliicli the civil war now raging in Texas aro to bo attributed, being probably unknown to our readers, wo think wo cannot render, them a more acceptable service, at this lime, than by laying beforo them the following article, extracted from a late Mobile paper. Ucing totally unacquainted with tho writor, wo cannot undervako to vouch for the accuracy of his statements; but Iho moderation and good temper which ho displays, aflbrd a pretty satisfactory evidence of his candor unci impartiality. It will )e observed that, although ho could not have heard of the reported defeat of part of tho Mexican army by Gen. Houston, nt tho litno when this interesting document was prepared, he nevertheless 'expresses his belief in thoultimate-success of tho Tcxians. From tlie Moliilo Advertiser. Affairs of Texas. Tho following uble, highly interesting and impartial account of tho aflUirs of Texas, has bscn furnbhed us by a gentleman recently from that country, who is thoroughly versed with the whole subject upon which he writes. His statements may be implicitly relied upon. Tho present contest in Texas, which will probably end in severing that choico part of her territory from the government of Mexico, has very naturally excited an eager interest in its progress, among tho pcoplo of the United States. Its details, however, lmvo not always been correctly represented, or of course thoroughly understood; nor is it indeed my purpose, in this communication, to traverse the whole ground, mid show what particular statements are fuhjo and what true. My object is simply to give a connected narration of facts, for tho accuracy of which, I pledge nothing but a disposition honestly lo judge of such as caino within tho scope of toy best inquiries and observation. Tho people of Texas have gono into thnt country under provisions of tho laws of both the national and slato governments, which c::p:csdy invited them to settle there us colonisls. The conditions of their settlement, as of couiso would bo implied, were strict ohedienco to tho constitu tion and laws ol tho country which they adopted. Among tho provisions, of which they were bound to take notice, wero tho restrictions upon reli gion:) worship, which enjoined the suppression of all forms of religion but the liouusli, and the laws and clauses of the constitution designed to abolish slavery and prevent its introduction into Mexico, Tho exaction of duties on imports into Texas was never rclinqui:ihcd,ns regarded Iho colonists, cither with or without limit as to tunc, contrary to some statements which have appeared on this head. Thoso laws, however, wero so irrculnrly administered in Texas they were so randy carried into force the few Moxieau executive otliccrs ever sent into the country, wero so remiss, or so excessivo in the discharge of their dot', and so frequently connived nt, and supinely allowed a state of things among the colonists, entirely at variance with the provisions of tho laws and constitution of the country that the government and all its officers wero regarded with contempt, and wore usually resisted by the colonists in any very sorious cll'ort to bring them under their control. Eo long ago as 1828, when tho population ol the country was a mere handful, an attempt was made by a few pcoplo near Nacogdoches, to bring about a separation from Mexico. This attempt was resisted by another portion of tho people, who had tho good senso to seo its utter futility at that time; but it led to what was called tho " Frcdon-ian War," which resulted in some bloodshed and tho flight of the ringleaders from tho country In 1832, tho government had succeeded in es tablishing garrisons at several points ol the country. Tho object was to enforco tho laws gener ally, and particularly tho law of tho Cth of April, 1830, which forbade tho migration of foreigners into tho frontier states. This law, and the presence of tho armed forco, wero fell as great annoyances by the colonists. Tho Congress of Mexico was bribed into a repeal of tho law, and tho garrisons wero expelled by lorco of arms. This movement and tho revolution in Mexico, which resulted in overthrowing Bustumentc, and putting Santa Ana in his place, happening simultaneously, the expulsion of tho garrisons was treated as a tlefeat of Santa Ana's enemies, and by him so accepted. Sinco thou, no Mexican troops havo been sent into Texas, until the commencement of Ihe present conflict, savo a small garrison to protect a collector in tho dischargo of his duty nt Aiinhuac. Great complaint was made in regard to this arrangement charges of baud and oppression wero common ngainst tho collector si meeting was held in Anahiinc, at which a very reprehensi. bio resolution was passed, concerning tho pay-' tnent of duties and at last tho sceno closed by tho expulsion of this foreo also. Travis, who commanded at llejiir, led down forty or fifty men to Analntac, seized tho collector and dispersed his guard. This hapiencd lusl Minim, r. Tho Mexicans, in their stato and news papers, are in tho habit of stigmatizing Iho colonists in Texas, as perfidious, ungrateful and turbulent. If thcro bo any room for these charges, they themselves hnvc furnished it. To their own supine negligence and apathy, in regard to the progress of tho colonies in Texas, do they owe it all. If, from the beginning, they hud set to work seriously, systematically, mid honestly, to enfuico tho provisions of Iho constitution and laws, on the three great subject of religion, revenue, andshiver-, tin colenists would have obeyed, or retired. But they c'tooec criminally ur.d luinou.-dy to their own inlerc s'.s, to neglect them nil. They have hardly in a single instance, sent pastors into Texas, or requhed tho colonists to support them under their reguluily established ecclesiastical administration of Mexico. A custom houso is n thing, which has been almost unknown m u-x:is, and tho collection of duties, wherever u custom houuo was ejttiblishcd, coriupt as it is throughout Mexico, was not any purer there. No investiga tion whatever, was ever mado into the subject of slavery in Texas. To such inexcusable apathy, on tho part of Mexico, is to be lairly imputed all tho troubles she has had with Texas, and all the greator troubles which are in store for her from that source. The bulk of tho population of Texas, is composed of honest and industrious, but small, farm ers, who went to that country, under the strong temptation presented by tho provisions of the colonization laws, in regard to tho distribution of the public lands. Thoso samo provisions held out too a shining bait to tho incro speculator of course, Texas is not without a largo proportion of that class ot men. Uthcrs had gone in there, as Harrington and his compatriots took tin excur sion to Botany Bay, " for their country's good." Some of this sort havo reformed and made good citizens; others still nourish thoir old propensities, nnd are ready for any acts of fraud, violence, and misdoing. A fourth, and in this connection, important class of persons now in Texas, is made up of ambitious politicians, who, having witnessed the extinction of their hopes in tho United Statos, passed over into Texas, with a viow, when opportunity olVered, to begin a new career, and repair their shattered fortunes. It was very certain that these personswould not bo easy, if there was the smallest protexl lor action. With an organization which kept Texas dependent on Coa huila, there was no chance for them. There was no field for achieving distinctionthere wero no offices cither of honor or profit. There was no Congress or Legislature ho Governor, Secreta ries, Generals or Judges, provided for Texas. At least, Iho exclusive use of tho Spanish lan guage, was a complete bar to "tho enjoyment of these good things, this state ot atlairs was intolerable. The evil was so grievous in 1833, that tho leading spirits set on foot a Convention, fur the purpose of obtaining for Texas an organization distinct from Coahuila. This body framed a de claration, and sent on a petition to tho President of tho Republic, through Gen. S. F. Austin, who, it is charged by some, neglected Ins duty, and violated Ins trust. It so, it is a hard case lor hun, as, for some reason or other, he was detained more than a year a prisoner in Mexico. At any rate the petition failed. It is clear that tho class of men last mentioned bad no idea of succumbing in this way, nnd would watch the first opportunity, which promised success to their hopes. That opportunity is now ottered; and how it lias been oil'ered, is worthy of inquiry. At the session ot the J legislature or Coahuila and Texas, in 1835, (by the way, a most corrupt and prolligatc body of men,) the speculators were m attendance, and through them obtained immense grants of lands, covering not less than Null leagues, or 3,000,000 acres. Tho General Congress, as soon us they got news of tho first act on this subject, passed a decree annulling it; and Santa Ana's Lieutenant, Gen. Cos, marching lrom Matmnorns on Monclova, tho scat of gov ernment, led to the dispersion and flight of the Legislature and tho other members of tho State government. Tho Governor took wilh him tho archives of the State, intending to bum litem with him into Texas, but was captured on his way, together with Col. Milnm and some other foreign ors, who accompanied hun. Of course, it was both tho feeling and interest of tho speculators, to enlist the people ol lexas against Uos and Santa Ana. Through the support of the party, which had given them lands, they maintained their hold on those grants, and disappointed those who had interfered wilh their schemes. This affair hap pened late last spring; and m June, a requisition came on to Nacogdoches, as also to other munici palities, calling for a draft of men to march on to tho relief of tho Governor. This order was not obeyed, although put upon tho ground, that tho State authorities had been trampled under toot by a licensed soldiery. Tho pcoplo wore greatly incensed by tho con. duct of tho Legislature, in refcrenco to ihoso large grants; nnd many of thorn rejoiced that the members had been dispersed and made to abandon tho sceno of their corruption. The speculators, however, did not relax in their exortions. Tlioy did not look to tho independence of Texas, nor to its separation from Coahuila. Their object was to mnko Texas an instrument of overturning the dominant party, unfriendly lo them, in tho interi or. Ihcy were, tiicroloro, throughout tho sum mer, agitating schemes of resistance for Texas. The political adventurors, nnd all such restless spirits as aro fond of change, either with or wilhout good cause, caino to their aid. A ball was set in motion, and they, who wero first to give it an land offices was particularly obnoxious to persons in Nacogdoches; some unfortunate appointments added fuel to tho flame. The members of tho government on their port, instead of providing for tho common defence, spent thoir timo in mutual recrimination. The Governor and his council were at dagger's points. He abused and dissolved them. They returned the compliment by deposing him, and making the Lieutenant tho acting Governor. So tho scandalous sceno was presented of two Governors, both claiming tho right to the seat, nnd maligning the other for resisting his claim. Tho effect for tho timo being on Ihe interests of Texas was extremely disastrous, and Texas feels it now. The Council abused their trust.. They mado a mass of unnecessary laws. They omitted to provide for the defence of tho country. They thwarted tho intentions of tho body which created them. They caused division among the people. They disgusted nnd turned back tho volunteers, by shamelessly exposing thoir personal quarrels,; nnd trying to make those volunteers a party to tlicm. "Aro voti lor omithf" or "are vou lor Robinson?" was tho first demand, which assailed tho oars of a volunteer on his arrival at San Felipe. Such a slate of things was evil and nothing but evil. Tho people wore also divided on several grounds. They bickered and fought about Ihe doings ol tho council. Lach ol thoso splendid pretenders to the throne of dominion had his partis ins. "Hurrah for Smith!" "Hurrah fur Rob. inson!" And Santa Ana was about three weeks march from Bejar, wilh 800 men! They were divided as to Iho general question of independence. Iu Nacogdoches, mid two other municipal ities, ihe succcsslul candidates were opposed to an immediate Declaration of Independence. The foregoing statement shows how the interval was spent between the sitting of the first and last Convention. Much time of tho most vital importance was thus lost. No attempt had been inado to or ganize the militia. W hen the news of Santa Ana's arrival in March was received in Hie settlements, thcro wero hardly any Tcxians in tho field. An cll'ort had been mado to raise a sinnding urmv, for which tho Council had very carefully provided a full complement of officers, but only sixty or seventy men had been rccriiilod. Travis had li)0 iu the Alamo. J niiiuu 4411 m mid about La liahia, and Houston 300 at Gonzales. Santa Ana was actunllv in Texas, with tin armv diller- enlly estimated nt between 5 and 10,000 men. Tho Tcxians had not mustered more than 000, and most of these were volunteers from Iho United Stales. Travis made, as wo ull know, urgent appeals for assistance, but too Into. The small reinforcement, which threw itself into tho Alamo, only swelled the number of tho victims. In truth he and his garrison, and indued nearly all Texas, was laboring, lill the last moment, under tho fatal delusion that the Mexicans would not reappear in Texas, or at least come again wilh any groat force. Some such delusion as Ibis only can account for the conduct of Travis's men; for it is well understood that a part of the Alamo wall was actually thrown down in order to procure wood for fuel, the men being unwilling to go any i;.,iuiioo fnr it; nnd that so clear a breach was mado in it, that cattle were driven through it, which was only repaired, after the enemy had appeared in force, and in tho face of their lire. Wo know Iho loss of tho Tcxians in tho Alamo. Santa Ann's official reports set down the Mexican loss nt 00 men and 11 olliccrs of high rank.i. This cannot bo true, if nnv nno of llio American accounts can bo relied on. 'i'hey give it as 529 during the siege, wilh m many more placed hr du conihal. Tho Mexican report is incredible on iho face of it. Tho Texinu comes cliielly from a black belonging to Travis, who may lim e overheard somo Mexican stale iho number. The real number must be by Ibis time ascertained, as well as the Tcxiau and Mexican loss iu the conflict with Fannin. "To lie like a Bulletin," is a saying as old ns Bonaparte's youth, nnd the most implicit reliance cannot bo placed on every account that comes to us from either sido. Fan-nin, it was said, was put to death and all his followers, who surrendered alter the battle. This report is contradicted, and ho is now said to bo a prisoner of war. According to ouo account, the most brutal violenco was committed on tho person of a deceased Texitin officer's lady, and she was actually hold up to the public cyo as an object of disgust in consequence of this treatment; according to others, no such violence was oll'orcd: and if not, how c in the author of tho report affirming it excuse himself to that lady? Again it is s.i ill that Santa Ann lias declared a murderous intention of butchering every Texian, over 10 cult points was strewed with articles abandoned in the flight, with broken down vehicles and the carcasses of cnttb and horses, which hud perished on the journey. To giro a general idea of the distress and ruin, I need only stuto that every town ond village, with hardly on exception, west of tho Brnssos, has boon reduced to ashes by the hands of the people Many farm houses have shared the same fate. If 1 air. correct iu my information, not a Texian, unless attached to the army, is now to be found west of that river. Sonic 10 or 15,000 persons havo thus been driven out from tho shelter of home, with the loss of all thoir moveables, of slaves and sometimes of their houses. It is needless lo say that no crop will be mado there the present year, and of course nil prospect from that source is destroyed. The nlirm is not 'ontined, however, to the inhabitant! west of the Brassos, 'Die whohcoun-try is or vas recently in movement towards the Sabine. 'Iioso who have negroes, are, of course, anxious totroinove them from Ihe scene of danger. But all partake both of the alarm and movement, and especially thoso who lite near tho limnils of ihe Indians, who add a new terror to tho minds of the pcoplo. Tho Mexicans, it b true, have succeeded in two engagements; but tkeir forco was greatly superior to that of the Tcxians, and the advantages in other respects, so far as relates to tho encounter with Fannin, all on their sido. The character of the Sinco our last publication, wo hnvc received a mass of intelligence from Texas, which s .'3-":n to prove beyond a ror.soi.able do. U tho total Relent and capture of tho j.Iexican army, oinniuiided by Gen. Sania. Ax., by the Texieur; under Gen. Houston. Tho accounts which have readied us, are somewhat contradictory, as well as haii-on of details; but the main fuels, in which Ihey ali substantially agree, arc embodied in the fjllo.iing summary: It appears that tho Texian army reached Lyneh's Landing, at San Ji'cinto, on the morning of tho SiOth of April, and was soon afterward;: attacked by the Mohicans, who, however, were promptly repulsed whh the lo.- of J(i or 20 men, and compelled to return lo their camp. The main body of the Toxians took no purl in the engagement, but remained concealed, in order io put it out of the power of Iho enemy lo ascertain their numbers. Dining the night, Gen. Houston li ft his encampment, with l00 men and ull his artillery; and at day break on the following morning, fell in with the enemy, vt ho were also iu million, and succeeded iu gaining a position within rille distance of war is now changed. It is waged in a country, j tlicm, before ihcy weft-, sensible of his presence. wncc inc.r cavairv ami artillery will he ot little irc i,nuu;diri(,lv attacked them with eroat spirit: iinvu-iiu inline:, lo pcniril servico to Ihom. tho chame of theii horse, or tho sweep of their Iho 10.1IIIU3 lmvo woods, lliieuets and when, after a few discharges, they threw down their arms, and begged for quarters. Tho olli- swiunps to nflbrd tlem cover. They lmvo too a cers broke, and endeavored to escape; but were steamboat, which (iiablcs them to transport their j soon overtaken by the mounted riflemen, with the impulse, ns is common iu such cases, could not years old, without distinclion of ago, sex or con- slop its progress. A general Convention ot all 1 exns was proposed. Both speculators ond politicians had their own separate views in commending this measure. The latter looked upon it as a means of paving tho way to independence; the former regarded it only as a means of uniting Texas with the Mexicans opposed to Santa Ana. Hut tho progress of events decided Iho matter in fuvor of the aspirants. Pending the discussions concerning tho proposed Convention, Iho intelligence wns confirmed, that Santa Ana designed lo overturn the republican constitution ot the country which was in fact simply to wiio out Iho shadow of liberty in Moxico and llio en. franco into Texas of Cos with his troops, last Sep tember, was regarded us the first step to the pros tration of tho country. Cos avowed, us Hie ob jects of his coming, the enforcement of tho laws in regard to revenno nnd slavery. It was con tended, however, that ho had other views. That his solo purposo was to rivet the chains of Cen- dition. It is also said that he has issued a proc lamation, guarantying the safely of both person and properly, in tho caso of nil persons, who ren der Iheir names to him, within eight days after his arrival in any municipality. For Iho honor of hu man nature, it were to bo hoped Unit tho Mexicans are not so bad as they wero represented; and if It can be shown that thoso dishonoring tales are unfounded, every right thinking man must desire to have it so shown. My own impression is that some of tho most scandalous, reporls were never heard of iu Texas, until remitted thcro from the United Statos. Tho Mexicans have thus far gained two victo. rics, if such they can bu called, and tho cll'uct up. on Ihe Tcxians wns astounding. Tho Tcxians could nut believe that tho Alamo would fall, much less wero they prepared for tho defeat of Fannin. Tho first event occasioned a movement among llio settlers west of tho Brassos. Many persons abandoned their homes, leaving things behind troops to any pnirt, which cannot be overrule when the ovcrllovcd stato ol the whole region, now the scat of var, is taken iuio consideration; and if it be true flat the Colorado rose, and separated a dotachimnt of tho Mexican army from the mnin body, its destruction is certain; for Houston's forco is no! less than 2,000 ntiong, increasing daily, and is an equal match for double that liiiinb r of the eicmy. He is w ell supplied with arms, ainniunitiiai and provisions, nnd nothing, but an act of gross treachery, or inexcusable remissness, can lead to his defeat in his present position. The Mexican army, which iim.'it amount lo some 5 or 0,000, will soon havo no othcrdepcndcncc for their supply of food, save what is furnished by the cattle of the country. If they can sustain themselves on beef merely, they wiil not starve. But iu a hot country and sickly season, it seems to bo a doubtful substitute for every other kind of; iioiiriiiluncnl, and the Mexicans aro u better acclimated to the sickly regions of Texas than the Tcxians themselves. In truth, tho moment Hous ton or the Tuxiaiis begin to acl on the oll'ensivc. tho Mexicans will givo back nnd fly to the prairies, audit is not altogether certain that they can sustain themselves there. Writh disciplined und nearly equal force, though tho Tcxians have no cuvalry, they can repel and beat Iho IWoxicans on Ihe open held. 1 ho cavalry ol Iho lutter are not efficient save against raw militia men, unacqiiahit oil wilh tlm bayonet, nnd not ahlo to keep close order. j.Iy own belief is, lhat iu less than two months, Suutii Ana, unless bu is favored by some extraordinary reuilurccmen's, will bo compelled lo surrender nnd quit tho country. I consider it quite as ccriain lhat ho enn never again invade lexus under as ninny advantages. If he brings moro men into llio country, they will bo met bv more. The disparity will not bo so crcat indeed us now, and tho other facilities in favor of the Texians will bo greatly increased; iho prospect tlicrelbre that Texas will achievo her independence is no wise (iininished, und will be rendered absolutely certain by tho repulse of Santa Ana in his present attempt to subdue that country. Whether tho present war is really a politic war for Texas whether, without any substantial sacri fice, she could not five years hence, have secured all that sho w ill in any event secure now, at an infinitely less cost is a question, about which I havo no doubt, but which hardly now admits of discussion. An entire change in the lorm of government a destruction of the republican institu tions o tho country; the establishment ol n ues. potism, wielded by tho priesthood and aristocracy; aro certainly cogent justifications of tho course taken by llio Tcxians. Texas too never has been governed as sho ought to have bcon. A slovenly neglect of ull her interests, and tho omission to pro vide her with a proper organization; tho omission to make her feel her connection, with the republic at largo, is such criminal carelessness on tho pari of Mexico, as may well cause her to look at homo, for the secret of the evil, which sho is icr-haps doomed to sulfur in the loss of that fineprovince. exception of one, who was pursued fifteen miles befoio he could bo captured. Ho proved to be no less a personage than Santa Ana, the Com. niandcr-in Chief of the Mexican army. His pa pers, military ciicst, oec. rc wero ul30 tuken; and of ihe whole detachment, said to have consisted of nearly 1200 men, about one half wore killed, and tho remainder mado prisoners nol ono being known lo have escaped. It is s ud that it required great exertions on Ihe part of the Texian commander, to prevent his men from inflicting summary punishment on Santa Ana and his principal officers, for the horrid but-cherics perpetrated by his army at Bexar, and on Col. Fannin's iiiilbi'tunnio detachment. It is added, he has innilc the following' propositions to ( Jcncrnl lIoL-'TO.N, vi::: Tho independence of; Texas (o be acknowledged; the main body of his army, who were not in tho action, to lay down their arms, and be con-idcied prisoners of war: the expenses of llio campaign lo bo defrayed by .Moxico; and himself to remain a huslago for the faithful performance of these conditions. It is liirlhor stated, that n proclamation has been issued by Iho victor, iu which ho notifies tho Mexicans, that an attack on any of his posts, or the dcsluictiou of un property belonging v.. HVx,-v shall bo the signal for the execution of Santa Ana, all his olliccrs and men. As but a small part of Iho above is derived from official sources, it is probable that somo of the details may bo iucoireet. Wo think, however, lhat Ihe defeat nnd capture of Santa Ana nun bo considered certain, und that nothing is now wanting but prudence, moderation and vigilance, to place tho independence of Texas on u hrm and lasting basis. We hope soon to have il in our power to lay beforo our readers tho official accounts of the important operations of which we havo endeavored lo furnish a brief and imperfect sketch iu Iho present article. Wisconsin TEUiimmy. Tho following appointments of officers for the newly erected Territory of Wisconsin, havo been confirmed by tho Senate, viz: Henry Duihie. Governor; John S. IIokncii, Secretary; Ciiaki.ks Dunn, Chief Justice; William C. Fhazikh, A-sociato Judge; W. W. Chapman, Attorney; and Francis Geiio.n, Marshal. COKKK'I'ONIU'INCE OF THE STATE JOURNAL tralism around llio freemen of Texas. Bo his them, for n time. Tho fright at Washington, objects what they niav, his coining was opportune for Ihe political aspirants. The' weapon iu their hand was next to irresistible. A majority concur, red. The most nciivo preparations wero made to meet Cos und drive him out uf tho country. Ho was assailed in San Antonio, and tho result is known. I lo was obliged to capitulate to great ly inferior numbers, and to leave tlm country, i'he Convention, which sat in the fill, made an equivocal declaration, in favor of Iho "reiulil'ican uuiciples of the Constitution ol ls2l: 1 nnd hav uig passed certain "organic laws, among them one providing for tho closing of tho land ollic FOREIGN l.NTI-XMCEN'CE. By the arriv.it of tho ship Pacific, from Liverpool, London papers to tho 13th ult. havo been received nt New York; but they tire almost entirely destitute of news of an interesting charnc. ter. Tho British Parliament reassembled on tho lllh; but nothing of iniporlnnco had engaged their attention at the latest dates. Considerable sensation had been excited throughout the Uni Wasiiinoton, IS, IStlll. To-day tho silling of the House has been full of interesting incidents. In the first place, there was the long expected report from Iho famous smothering committee headed by Mr. f incknkv, respecting the Abolition ot Slavery; then the in telligence respecting the incursions, nnd depredations of tho Crock Indians followed up by anap- plicnt'oti from the Secretary of War for an appropriation of livo hundred thousand dollars, to aid in putting down these disturbances, and an amend meiit lo tho volunteer bill, authorizing the Picsi dent to accept iho services of mounted rillemcn but providing that the number shall nut exceed ten thousand men! PS -I I,- I . . . . I I , . .1.- I.t.l K Inmlrui, til mnunnnnnrn rf" llirt tilnwmrr IIO. 1 . ' . ""'o"""i " -i !tt-av, that many persons hud nearly lorgotton the on Iho night ol tho th ot April, ol a colossal stu- wi,0 mlcr. Certainly all hope was given up tuo of King illiam tho 1 hud, which stood on ol ns ever being brought torward. It lias come, Collcgo Green, ono of Iho most public places in however, mid is u long, sober, argumentative ex lV.l.lm Ii .v. n,,u,...l .,r l,.n,l;i ..;,.!.,' position of the reasons of Mr. P. and bis allies , . ,. . , . , ' ,oon i i " I for tho conclusions which tho Houso dircclcd being estimated at about 1300 po.mds-a.ul was . tiRn () h mM mlch almost entirely demolished; the laco and body , w;li(;ll t;m )0 1)(.,ur fjlod up, wero I to allompt and lor the suspension ot surveys, delegated their women and childie.i powers, under the organic laws, to a Governor,! wero thronging the hi: where the convention was sitting, was very great. The members wero in consternation. Tho fall of the Alamo nnd Houston's retreat to tho Colo rado cainu together, and also a report that 1500 cavalry wero within two hours march ol usl.ing-ton. Tho whole town was in commotion, unr the ferry completely blocked up by fugitives. Fannin's downfall and the further retreat of Houston lo llio Brassos, decided iho doubt of every lingerer west of that river. The flight w as then universal, and Ihe sutl'ering nnd distress of the flying mullilude, such as I will not attempt to describe. Men, women und children, siniu-litnen without uny attendance, being much battered, and the limbs torn from (he trunk. A reward of livo hundred poiuuli sterling had been-oflerod for the discovery of the mi abstract, and it is unnecessary, ns it will prob ably bu published iu cxtonso to-morrow. Mr. Haudin rose to an explanation. The : i. ...r... i i ir ... ,.,-. perpetrators, who had l ure lur contrived to ' hide 1 . - . I 1 ' i immi w iw to Innnv iimri itwt'm report .md I hern inu tij;iuiiii;u ui i.iu I'Tiuit, in- i ieiu.il oaei. her of Depulic t, at iho date of the blest adiecs were engaged iu tho dh'Ciusion of r bill i.;v,so;ii: a duty on sugar mauuf.;ct.iri:i' 1'icin ti e bc-t, j !:icli occasioned very warm t-l;:r. p-silion for the r-.-.c.-.ll of llio mr Borr.uwnT:: f i::;:!y l'.jin L?-.il.!i::;c: removal of tho remains cf M.ii e: :: after coiifidcrt.bio diseuesiun, bed bacn rcferre; nothing I'.itorcaiin. The er.i ef u:i.! .0. i-i fiaiico. i road, innnv oftliom with l.ieulcnant.tiovernor, anil l-oiincil. 1 ho enemy nut any means ol conveyance and without a sup-; j(l ,10 IvLuter.;. There v wcru unveil out oi mo couutrv, nun uio goveru- piv Ol iO(M. ii nun u puiaoiu mgiu io wimcss uiu; .. p . . . .. i i,;...e ' i i... .i i " , . 1 1 i. i . ..i' ir.... , lroni me oimurnt. meiii uii'i peopio nau u to rucnisi-nes. jhii iney crowns ni me mcrcm.-snijjs. iiiiiruii-iu oi unii-wco tint at penco. Dissension displayed itself ilies huddling: on the further bank, cngcily proving in nil quarters. 1 ho acts ol Ihe Leiivention, and; forward lo the inadequate means ol passage at- Ttivi'ti.i. iiny a ni nitm-iimont an-"ini a especia'ly lliose of iho Council, were consianl' forded, nnd stniggun." with their nci'dibors for. '" "niii" T.ut.un unim jiisnrn i,r tin-1- f.-i themes of reproach. Their powers wcio denied, the preference, which should lirst lians.iort llnm ,'!'! and Iheir persons 1'idicuh.d. Tho clu-ui' of t!iefiom tho JceiiO of dauber. The pathway at dil!i- Mi' Notice is luuvliy iriven, 'lisl .a my Initntin- nrii to- l''ii,ikan (.iniiie-.ni-tuiisi tlie t u"ii. r- -III., diimrln.rrciiil.'. il d'ncta ol' Juuics tulm , mi '.'' 'HuLm: tiu..ui: p. uu i iiAi:. was one opinion, ii;;:uast which ho entered his emphatic piote-l namely, that thu Abolitionists aro inconsiderable, in number, and without influence. l!u ib nled the truth of that assertion; and iic a.l.h-d that it was his belief the whole object of the report was to ;;ivu the impression lhat the opinion v. ae couect. Mr. I r viiM'.': remarked that the report only :!:e tales cf'.lio vaut number of the Abolition- iels wero greatly e.M'j'ger.itr.l, nnd no one would donv it. The v.i.olo uti.ubor of names attached !j il.-.i memorial.-! on this sub; -ct which have been nreseii'.ed was u';bl nil'! one half of these were i'er.'.alcs; nnd probably one third of tho remainder children. Mr. 'Wisk slid tho repoit was precisely such mi one ns he anticipated. Ho protested against the whole performance. Tht.ro was every thing in it t- animate a:.d wake up tho indignant feel-ings of tlie South in regard to the designs of the Abolitionists. If Southern men adopt it as the expression of their sentiments, they aro gone! Thec is not an inch of ground for their great and pcculinr interests to stand upon. He further stated that the report did not keep good faith with him. A pledge was distinctly and solemnly given to hi;n, that the report should proceed on tho ground that Cojjcp.ess has no oveiiR to Afloi.isu Slavery in the Disthict of Com mhia; and further, that unless that doctrine should be acquiesced in, no report at all should be inude. Bui what have we here? Simply the leclarnlion that Abolition is not expedient now. The lights and interests of the South are left to tho tender mercies of fanaticism. Mr. Wise complained that no notice had been taken of a resolution presented by lum and referred to the committee, nor of the great principles asserted by tho North in 1019, that Congress has power to abolish the slave trade; and concluded by de claring, with fjroat energy that he would sooner sanction the memorials on the subject, which had isnii presented, than agree to print an extra num. her of that report, to be dis'ribiC 1 as the expression of Southern feeling and the vindication of Southern rigb'?. ' Mr. Thomi-son of South Carolina, followed and spoke to the same eflect. IIo denounced tho report as containing not one S ruth Carolina argument or sentiment. Instead of putting, tho question on chartered rights, it made it merely a malter of public faith. Ho wished Ihoso who had this song of public faith, constantly on their hps, would manliest n litllo more adherence to rights. Ho spoke of tho report wilh the utmost scorn and contempt, as a composition, and dcclar. ed it was an unequivocal abandonment of the rights of tho South; whether it arose from not understanding them, or want of ncrvo and heart to maintain them, he would not say. Some one moved that ten thousand copies be printed, another moved for twenty thousand, and others again for thirty thousand. M essrs. 1 1 awls and Boi loin spoko in favor of printing tho largest number. Mr. Howard followed on the same side. Mr. Patton of Va. also spoke in favor of printing an extra number, although ho was opposed to tho action of the Houso which referred tho nndter to a select committee; nnd did net concur in tho arguments or sentiments of llio report. Mr. SeEiouT was in favor of printing, because he wished lo know, and desired the country should know, what the committee had reported. Dr. Sutherland, of Pennsylvania, made ono of his tpieer speeches iu favor of printing, and in defence of Mr. Pincknev. IIo said that gentleman was charged wilh misrepresenting tho people of his Slate, on this momentous question. It was a high and grave charge; und he thought it rigbl lhat those before whom ho was arraigned, . should hear ull the testimony. Tho Doctor labored at this point fur somo lime, and in that peculiar style of elocution, which renders it almost impossible to givo any just conception of his expression. IIo rebuked Mr. Thompson rather sharply, for his imputations on Mr. Pinckncy. 'J'ltoMrsotf rejoined with great severity. Ho aid Ibero was a peculiar appropriateness in the rentleniui lrom 1 cnnsyivuuia thrusting himself brward us the champion of such a cause. He id already shown tho world how much eflect principle had iu directing bis course; and Mr. i iio.':i'S.N interred lrom Ihe zeal he manifested on the present occasion, that he hud some inter- st in Ihe issue. Tho Doctor wus highly cningcd, and called out in a high (ono to Mr. Roiikiitson, who hud just succeeded to the floor, to allow him to reply to liliirsoN. lint iur. II. wished lum to grow cool, I imagine; for he declined to grunt him thu parole. Mr. Rohertson maintained that the report yielded every thing; and moved to send it back to the select committee, with instructions to report that Congress has no right to abolish slavery. Just at tins point, 1 observed vaivdkrfoel, and Thompson of Ohio, in closo confabulation, and bye and bye, up started the latter and moved tho previous question. These two sagacious persons, however, rather overshot tho mark, for the speaker decided that the mam question would bo on adopting the resolutions; whereupon the Ohioan withdrew his call lor the 1. U. Sutherland then obtained nchf.nco to say a few words. He remarked, lhat Pincknkv required no champion it wus beneath llio dignity ot a booth Carolina representative to bring up tales of petty scandal and when Mr. Tiiomtson should know him, lie would admit there was no ground for Ins charges, &.C. &C. The House then went into committee of tho whole, on the Fortification Lill, and Mr. Forrester began a seeclt about mutters and things in general but after a while wtia interrupted by "A message from tho Semite." Tins turned out lo be Uio Volunteer lull, which that body returned with certain amendments, among which was one authorizing the President to accept the services of any number of mon for infantry and cavalry, not exceeding ten thousand. A debnto arose, in the course of which frequent reference was mado to tho intelliirence that had been received uf the devastations and mas. sacrcs committed by the Creek Indians on tlie frontiers of Georgia and Alabama. Several gon-tlemcn were in possession of letters which depicted in Iho most allccling terms tlie sufferings lo which defenceless women and children were exposed. Mr. Adams distinguished himself by ono of his oddest sirccches against tho bill. He seems to dunk, that all this alarm is systematically got up by tho administration, for some "ulterior purposes." Mr. Glascock made a vehement assault on Mr. Adams and supported tho bill with powerful lungs, and a most tempestuous gesticulation. Several others talked about, and about it; at last tho previous question was called, and all the amendments, excepting one, concurred in. Tho House agrocd to that which caused so much discussion. Mr. Cam.rrf.leno then obtnincd leave to report a bill, appropriating half a million of dollars, to provido for the suppression of the hostilities of the Creeks, Tho bill was read twice, committed to the coiniuittco of the whole, and after some consideration, il was reported to tho House, and passed. Tho House did not adjourn till half past six o'clock. Y. L. 1)1 Kl, In this city on Morula)- lusl, in tho 53d year of her ogc, Catiuiu.nl, consort of Mr. Isaac Taylor, of this ity.

Slit) muu SATURDAY, MAY 28, 1836. WEEKLY. No. 5', Vol.XXV.....Wiioie No. 1465. PRINTED AND rUDUSIIBI) BY SCOTT fc WRIGHT. Offlce on Hlf.h-itreot, second door south of Armstrong's Uotol. J. BAIM1AC11E, EDITOR. TERMS Two Dollara nnd Fifty Cents, in advance; or Tlircc Dollars, at the end ot" tha year. No sulwcrllwr allowed to discontinue while he remains Indebted to the office. A semt.weekly pnper is also Issued from this office, at the rate of Two Dollars for 52 numbers, or Four Dollars por year. Letters on business should lie ndilrcsscd to the Publishers, mnd should be post-paid, except whan coining from Agents. COLUMBUS, MAT 21, 18H0. TEXAS. The causes to wliicli the civil war now raging in Texas aro to bo attributed, being probably unknown to our readers, wo think wo cannot render, them a more acceptable service, at this lime, than by laying beforo them the following article, extracted from a late Mobile paper. Ucing totally unacquainted with tho writor, wo cannot undervako to vouch for the accuracy of his statements; but Iho moderation and good temper which ho displays, aflbrd a pretty satisfactory evidence of his candor unci impartiality. It will )e observed that, although ho could not have heard of the reported defeat of part of tho Mexican army by Gen. Houston, nt tho litno when this interesting document was prepared, he nevertheless 'expresses his belief in thoultimate-success of tho Tcxians. From tlie Moliilo Advertiser. Affairs of Texas. Tho following uble, highly interesting and impartial account of tho aflUirs of Texas, has bscn furnbhed us by a gentleman recently from that country, who is thoroughly versed with the whole subject upon which he writes. His statements may be implicitly relied upon. Tho present contest in Texas, which will probably end in severing that choico part of her territory from the government of Mexico, has very naturally excited an eager interest in its progress, among tho pcoplo of the United States. Its details, however, lmvo not always been correctly represented, or of course thoroughly understood; nor is it indeed my purpose, in this communication, to traverse the whole ground, mid show what particular statements are fuhjo and what true. My object is simply to give a connected narration of facts, for tho accuracy of which, I pledge nothing but a disposition honestly lo judge of such as caino within tho scope of toy best inquiries and observation. Tho people of Texas have gono into thnt country under provisions of tho laws of both the national and slato governments, which c::p:csdy invited them to settle there us colonisls. The conditions of their settlement, as of couiso would bo implied, were strict ohedienco to tho constitu tion and laws ol tho country which they adopted. Among tho provisions, of which they were bound to take notice, wero tho restrictions upon reli gion:) worship, which enjoined the suppression of all forms of religion but the liouusli, and the laws and clauses of the constitution designed to abolish slavery and prevent its introduction into Mexico, Tho exaction of duties on imports into Texas was never rclinqui:ihcd,ns regarded Iho colonists, cither with or without limit as to tunc, contrary to some statements which have appeared on this head. Thoso laws, however, wero so irrculnrly administered in Texas they were so randy carried into force the few Moxieau executive otliccrs ever sent into the country, wero so remiss, or so excessivo in the discharge of their dot', and so frequently connived nt, and supinely allowed a state of things among the colonists, entirely at variance with the provisions of tho laws and constitution of the country that the government and all its officers wero regarded with contempt, and wore usually resisted by the colonists in any very sorious cll'ort to bring them under their control. Eo long ago as 1828, when tho population ol the country was a mere handful, an attempt was made by a few pcoplo near Nacogdoches, to bring about a separation from Mexico. This attempt was resisted by another portion of tho people, who had tho good senso to seo its utter futility at that time; but it led to what was called tho " Frcdon-ian War," which resulted in some bloodshed and tho flight of the ringleaders from tho country In 1832, tho government had succeeded in es tablishing garrisons at several points ol the country. Tho object was to enforco tho laws gener ally, and particularly tho law of tho Cth of April, 1830, which forbade tho migration of foreigners into tho frontier states. This law, and the presence of tho armed forco, wero fell as great annoyances by the colonists. Tho Congress of Mexico was bribed into a repeal of tho law, and tho garrisons wero expelled by lorco of arms. This movement and tho revolution in Mexico, which resulted in overthrowing Bustumentc, and putting Santa Ana in his place, happening simultaneously, the expulsion of tho garrisons was treated as a tlefeat of Santa Ana's enemies, and by him so accepted. Sinco thou, no Mexican troops havo been sent into Texas, until the commencement of Ihe present conflict, savo a small garrison to protect a collector in tho dischargo of his duty nt Aiinhuac. Great complaint was made in regard to this arrangement charges of baud and oppression wero common ngainst tho collector si meeting was held in Anahiinc, at which a very reprehensi. bio resolution was passed, concerning tho pay-' tnent of duties and at last tho sceno closed by tho expulsion of this foreo also. Travis, who commanded at llejiir, led down forty or fifty men to Analntac, seized tho collector and dispersed his guard. This hapiencd lusl Minim, r. Tho Mexicans, in their stato and news papers, are in tho habit of stigmatizing Iho colonists in Texas, as perfidious, ungrateful and turbulent. If thcro bo any room for these charges, they themselves hnvc furnished it. To their own supine negligence and apathy, in regard to the progress of tho colonies in Texas, do they owe it all. If, from the beginning, they hud set to work seriously, systematically, mid honestly, to enfuico tho provisions of Iho constitution and laws, on the three great subject of religion, revenue, andshiver-, tin colenists would have obeyed, or retired. But they c'tooec criminally ur.d luinou.-dy to their own inlerc s'.s, to neglect them nil. They have hardly in a single instance, sent pastors into Texas, or requhed tho colonists to support them under their reguluily established ecclesiastical administration of Mexico. A custom houso is n thing, which has been almost unknown m u-x:is, and tho collection of duties, wherever u custom houuo was ejttiblishcd, coriupt as it is throughout Mexico, was not any purer there. No investiga tion whatever, was ever mado into the subject of slavery in Texas. To such inexcusable apathy, on tho part of Mexico, is to be lairly imputed all tho troubles she has had with Texas, and all the greator troubles which are in store for her from that source. The bulk of tho population of Texas, is composed of honest and industrious, but small, farm ers, who went to that country, under the strong temptation presented by tho provisions of the colonization laws, in regard to tho distribution of the public lands. Thoso samo provisions held out too a shining bait to tho incro speculator of course, Texas is not without a largo proportion of that class ot men. Uthcrs had gone in there, as Harrington and his compatriots took tin excur sion to Botany Bay, " for their country's good." Some of this sort havo reformed and made good citizens; others still nourish thoir old propensities, nnd are ready for any acts of fraud, violence, and misdoing. A fourth, and in this connection, important class of persons now in Texas, is made up of ambitious politicians, who, having witnessed the extinction of their hopes in tho United Statos, passed over into Texas, with a viow, when opportunity olVered, to begin a new career, and repair their shattered fortunes. It was very certain that these personswould not bo easy, if there was the smallest protexl lor action. With an organization which kept Texas dependent on Coa huila, there was no chance for them. There was no field for achieving distinctionthere wero no offices cither of honor or profit. There was no Congress or Legislature ho Governor, Secreta ries, Generals or Judges, provided for Texas. At least, Iho exclusive use of tho Spanish lan guage, was a complete bar to "tho enjoyment of these good things, this state ot atlairs was intolerable. The evil was so grievous in 1833, that tho leading spirits set on foot a Convention, fur the purpose of obtaining for Texas an organization distinct from Coahuila. This body framed a de claration, and sent on a petition to tho President of tho Republic, through Gen. S. F. Austin, who, it is charged by some, neglected Ins duty, and violated Ins trust. It so, it is a hard case lor hun, as, for some reason or other, he was detained more than a year a prisoner in Mexico. At any rate the petition failed. It is clear that tho class of men last mentioned bad no idea of succumbing in this way, nnd would watch the first opportunity, which promised success to their hopes. That opportunity is now ottered; and how it lias been oil'ered, is worthy of inquiry. At the session ot the J legislature or Coahuila and Texas, in 1835, (by the way, a most corrupt and prolligatc body of men,) the speculators were m attendance, and through them obtained immense grants of lands, covering not less than Null leagues, or 3,000,000 acres. Tho General Congress, as soon us they got news of tho first act on this subject, passed a decree annulling it; and Santa Ana's Lieutenant, Gen. Cos, marching lrom Matmnorns on Monclova, tho scat of gov ernment, led to the dispersion and flight of the Legislature and tho other members of tho State government. Tho Governor took wilh him tho archives of the State, intending to bum litem with him into Texas, but was captured on his way, together with Col. Milnm and some other foreign ors, who accompanied hun. Of course, it was both tho feeling and interest of tho speculators, to enlist the people ol lexas against Uos and Santa Ana. Through the support of the party, which had given them lands, they maintained their hold on those grants, and disappointed those who had interfered wilh their schemes. This affair hap pened late last spring; and m June, a requisition came on to Nacogdoches, as also to other munici palities, calling for a draft of men to march on to tho relief of tho Governor. This order was not obeyed, although put upon tho ground, that tho State authorities had been trampled under toot by a licensed soldiery. Tho pcoplo wore greatly incensed by tho con. duct of tho Legislature, in refcrenco to ihoso large grants; nnd many of thorn rejoiced that the members had been dispersed and made to abandon tho sceno of their corruption. The speculators, however, did not relax in their exortions. Tlioy did not look to tho independence of Texas, nor to its separation from Coahuila. Their object was to mnko Texas an instrument of overturning the dominant party, unfriendly lo them, in tho interi or. Ihcy were, tiicroloro, throughout tho sum mer, agitating schemes of resistance for Texas. The political adventurors, nnd all such restless spirits as aro fond of change, either with or wilhout good cause, caino to their aid. A ball was set in motion, and they, who wero first to give it an land offices was particularly obnoxious to persons in Nacogdoches; some unfortunate appointments added fuel to tho flame. The members of tho government on their port, instead of providing for tho common defence, spent thoir timo in mutual recrimination. The Governor and his council were at dagger's points. He abused and dissolved them. They returned the compliment by deposing him, and making the Lieutenant tho acting Governor. So tho scandalous sceno was presented of two Governors, both claiming tho right to the seat, nnd maligning the other for resisting his claim. Tho effect for tho timo being on Ihe interests of Texas was extremely disastrous, and Texas feels it now. The Council abused their trust.. They mado a mass of unnecessary laws. They omitted to provide for the defence of tho country. They thwarted tho intentions of tho body which created them. They caused division among the people. They disgusted nnd turned back tho volunteers, by shamelessly exposing thoir personal quarrels,; nnd trying to make those volunteers a party to tlicm. "Aro voti lor omithf" or "are vou lor Robinson?" was tho first demand, which assailed tho oars of a volunteer on his arrival at San Felipe. Such a slate of things was evil and nothing but evil. Tho people wore also divided on several grounds. They bickered and fought about Ihe doings ol tho council. Lach ol thoso splendid pretenders to the throne of dominion had his partis ins. "Hurrah for Smith!" "Hurrah fur Rob. inson!" And Santa Ana was about three weeks march from Bejar, wilh 800 men! They were divided as to Iho general question of independence. Iu Nacogdoches, mid two other municipal ities, ihe succcsslul candidates were opposed to an immediate Declaration of Independence. The foregoing statement shows how the interval was spent between the sitting of the first and last Convention. Much time of tho most vital importance was thus lost. No attempt had been inado to or ganize the militia. W hen the news of Santa Ana's arrival in March was received in Hie settlements, thcro wero hardly any Tcxians in tho field. An cll'ort had been mado to raise a sinnding urmv, for which tho Council had very carefully provided a full complement of officers, but only sixty or seventy men had been rccriiilod. Travis had li)0 iu the Alamo. J niiiuu 4411 m mid about La liahia, and Houston 300 at Gonzales. Santa Ana was actunllv in Texas, with tin armv diller- enlly estimated nt between 5 and 10,000 men. Tho Tcxians had not mustered more than 000, and most of these were volunteers from Iho United Stales. Travis made, as wo ull know, urgent appeals for assistance, but too Into. The small reinforcement, which threw itself into tho Alamo, only swelled the number of tho victims. In truth he and his garrison, and indued nearly all Texas, was laboring, lill the last moment, under tho fatal delusion that the Mexicans would not reappear in Texas, or at least come again wilh any groat force. Some such delusion as Ibis only can account for the conduct of Travis's men; for it is well understood that a part of the Alamo wall was actually thrown down in order to procure wood for fuel, the men being unwilling to go any i;.,iuiioo fnr it; nnd that so clear a breach was mado in it, that cattle were driven through it, which was only repaired, after the enemy had appeared in force, and in tho face of their lire. Wo know Iho loss of tho Tcxians in tho Alamo. Santa Ann's official reports set down the Mexican loss nt 00 men and 11 olliccrs of high rank.i. This cannot bo true, if nnv nno of llio American accounts can bo relied on. 'i'hey give it as 529 during the siege, wilh m many more placed hr du conihal. Tho Mexican report is incredible on iho face of it. Tho Texinu comes cliielly from a black belonging to Travis, who may lim e overheard somo Mexican stale iho number. The real number must be by Ibis time ascertained, as well as the Tcxiau and Mexican loss iu the conflict with Fannin. "To lie like a Bulletin," is a saying as old ns Bonaparte's youth, nnd the most implicit reliance cannot bo placed on every account that comes to us from either sido. Fan-nin, it was said, was put to death and all his followers, who surrendered alter the battle. This report is contradicted, and ho is now said to bo a prisoner of war. According to ouo account, the most brutal violenco was committed on tho person of a deceased Texitin officer's lady, and she was actually hold up to the public cyo as an object of disgust in consequence of this treatment; according to others, no such violence was oll'orcd: and if not, how c in the author of tho report affirming it excuse himself to that lady? Again it is s.i ill that Santa Ann lias declared a murderous intention of butchering every Texian, over 10 cult points was strewed with articles abandoned in the flight, with broken down vehicles and the carcasses of cnttb and horses, which hud perished on the journey. To giro a general idea of the distress and ruin, I need only stuto that every town ond village, with hardly on exception, west of tho Brnssos, has boon reduced to ashes by the hands of the people Many farm houses have shared the same fate. If 1 air. correct iu my information, not a Texian, unless attached to the army, is now to be found west of that river. Sonic 10 or 15,000 persons havo thus been driven out from tho shelter of home, with the loss of all thoir moveables, of slaves and sometimes of their houses. It is needless lo say that no crop will be mado there the present year, and of course nil prospect from that source is destroyed. The nlirm is not 'ontined, however, to the inhabitant! west of the Brassos, 'Die whohcoun-try is or vas recently in movement towards the Sabine. 'Iioso who have negroes, are, of course, anxious totroinove them from Ihe scene of danger. But all partake both of the alarm and movement, and especially thoso who lite near tho limnils of ihe Indians, who add a new terror to tho minds of the pcoplo. Tho Mexicans, it b true, have succeeded in two engagements; but tkeir forco was greatly superior to that of the Tcxians, and the advantages in other respects, so far as relates to tho encounter with Fannin, all on their sido. The character of the Sinco our last publication, wo hnvc received a mass of intelligence from Texas, which s .'3-":n to prove beyond a ror.soi.able do. U tho total Relent and capture of tho j.Iexican army, oinniuiided by Gen. Sania. Ax., by the Texieur; under Gen. Houston. Tho accounts which have readied us, are somewhat contradictory, as well as haii-on of details; but the main fuels, in which Ihey ali substantially agree, arc embodied in the fjllo.iing summary: It appears that tho Texian army reached Lyneh's Landing, at San Ji'cinto, on the morning of tho SiOth of April, and was soon afterward;: attacked by the Mohicans, who, however, were promptly repulsed whh the lo.- of J(i or 20 men, and compelled to return lo their camp. The main body of the Toxians took no purl in the engagement, but remained concealed, in order io put it out of the power of Iho enemy lo ascertain their numbers. Dining the night, Gen. Houston li ft his encampment, with l00 men and ull his artillery; and at day break on the following morning, fell in with the enemy, vt ho were also iu million, and succeeded iu gaining a position within rille distance of war is now changed. It is waged in a country, j tlicm, before ihcy weft-, sensible of his presence. wncc inc.r cavairv ami artillery will he ot little irc i,nuu;diri(,lv attacked them with eroat spirit: iinvu-iiu inline:, lo pcniril servico to Ihom. tho chame of theii horse, or tho sweep of their Iho 10.1IIIU3 lmvo woods, lliieuets and when, after a few discharges, they threw down their arms, and begged for quarters. Tho olli- swiunps to nflbrd tlem cover. They lmvo too a cers broke, and endeavored to escape; but were steamboat, which (iiablcs them to transport their j soon overtaken by the mounted riflemen, with the impulse, ns is common iu such cases, could not years old, without distinclion of ago, sex or con- slop its progress. A general Convention ot all 1 exns was proposed. Both speculators ond politicians had their own separate views in commending this measure. The latter looked upon it as a means of paving tho way to independence; the former regarded it only as a means of uniting Texas with the Mexicans opposed to Santa Ana. Hut tho progress of events decided Iho matter in fuvor of the aspirants. Pending the discussions concerning tho proposed Convention, Iho intelligence wns confirmed, that Santa Ana designed lo overturn the republican constitution ot the country which was in fact simply to wiio out Iho shadow of liberty in Moxico and llio en. franco into Texas of Cos with his troops, last Sep tember, was regarded us the first step to the pros tration of tho country. Cos avowed, us Hie ob jects of his coming, the enforcement of tho laws in regard to revenno nnd slavery. It was con tended, however, that ho had other views. That his solo purposo was to rivet the chains of Cen- dition. It is also said that he has issued a proc lamation, guarantying the safely of both person and properly, in tho caso of nil persons, who ren der Iheir names to him, within eight days after his arrival in any municipality. For Iho honor of hu man nature, it were to bo hoped Unit tho Mexicans are not so bad as they wero represented; and if It can be shown that thoso dishonoring tales are unfounded, every right thinking man must desire to have it so shown. My own impression is that some of tho most scandalous, reporls were never heard of iu Texas, until remitted thcro from the United Statos. Tho Mexicans have thus far gained two victo. rics, if such they can bu called, and tho cll'uct up. on Ihe Tcxians wns astounding. Tho Tcxians could nut believe that tho Alamo would fall, much less wero they prepared for tho defeat of Fannin. Tho first event occasioned a movement among llio settlers west of tho Brassos. Many persons abandoned their homes, leaving things behind troops to any pnirt, which cannot be overrule when the ovcrllovcd stato ol the whole region, now the scat of var, is taken iuio consideration; and if it be true flat the Colorado rose, and separated a dotachimnt of tho Mexican army from the mnin body, its destruction is certain; for Houston's forco is no! less than 2,000 ntiong, increasing daily, and is an equal match for double that liiiinb r of the eicmy. He is w ell supplied with arms, ainniunitiiai and provisions, nnd nothing, but an act of gross treachery, or inexcusable remissness, can lead to his defeat in his present position. The Mexican army, which iim.'it amount lo some 5 or 0,000, will soon havo no othcrdepcndcncc for their supply of food, save what is furnished by the cattle of the country. If they can sustain themselves on beef merely, they wiil not starve. But iu a hot country and sickly season, it seems to bo a doubtful substitute for every other kind of; iioiiriiiluncnl, and the Mexicans aro u better acclimated to the sickly regions of Texas than the Tcxians themselves. In truth, tho moment Hous ton or the Tuxiaiis begin to acl on the oll'ensivc. tho Mexicans will givo back nnd fly to the prairies, audit is not altogether certain that they can sustain themselves there. Writh disciplined und nearly equal force, though tho Tcxians have no cuvalry, they can repel and beat Iho IWoxicans on Ihe open held. 1 ho cavalry ol Iho lutter are not efficient save against raw militia men, unacqiiahit oil wilh tlm bayonet, nnd not ahlo to keep close order. j.Iy own belief is, lhat iu less than two months, Suutii Ana, unless bu is favored by some extraordinary reuilurccmen's, will bo compelled lo surrender nnd quit tho country. I consider it quite as ccriain lhat ho enn never again invade lexus under as ninny advantages. If he brings moro men into llio country, they will bo met bv more. The disparity will not bo so crcat indeed us now, and tho other facilities in favor of the Texians will bo greatly increased; iho prospect tlicrelbre that Texas will achievo her independence is no wise (iininished, und will be rendered absolutely certain by tho repulse of Santa Ana in his present attempt to subdue that country. Whether tho present war is really a politic war for Texas whether, without any substantial sacri fice, she could not five years hence, have secured all that sho w ill in any event secure now, at an infinitely less cost is a question, about which I havo no doubt, but which hardly now admits of discussion. An entire change in the lorm of government a destruction of the republican institu tions o tho country; the establishment ol n ues. potism, wielded by tho priesthood and aristocracy; aro certainly cogent justifications of tho course taken by llio Tcxians. Texas too never has been governed as sho ought to have bcon. A slovenly neglect of ull her interests, and tho omission to pro vide her with a proper organization; tho omission to make her feel her connection, with the republic at largo, is such criminal carelessness on tho pari of Mexico, as may well cause her to look at homo, for the secret of the evil, which sho is icr-haps doomed to sulfur in the loss of that fineprovince. exception of one, who was pursued fifteen miles befoio he could bo captured. Ho proved to be no less a personage than Santa Ana, the Com. niandcr-in Chief of the Mexican army. His pa pers, military ciicst, oec. rc wero ul30 tuken; and of ihe whole detachment, said to have consisted of nearly 1200 men, about one half wore killed, and tho remainder mado prisoners nol ono being known lo have escaped. It is s ud that it required great exertions on Ihe part of the Texian commander, to prevent his men from inflicting summary punishment on Santa Ana and his principal officers, for the horrid but-cherics perpetrated by his army at Bexar, and on Col. Fannin's iiiilbi'tunnio detachment. It is added, he has innilc the following' propositions to ( Jcncrnl lIoL-'TO.N, vi::: Tho independence of; Texas (o be acknowledged; the main body of his army, who were not in tho action, to lay down their arms, and be con-idcied prisoners of war: the expenses of llio campaign lo bo defrayed by .Moxico; and himself to remain a huslago for the faithful performance of these conditions. It is liirlhor stated, that n proclamation has been issued by Iho victor, iu which ho notifies tho Mexicans, that an attack on any of his posts, or the dcsluictiou of un property belonging v.. HVx,-v shall bo the signal for the execution of Santa Ana, all his olliccrs and men. As but a small part of Iho above is derived from official sources, it is probable that somo of the details may bo iucoireet. Wo think, however, lhat Ihe defeat nnd capture of Santa Ana nun bo considered certain, und that nothing is now wanting but prudence, moderation and vigilance, to place tho independence of Texas on u hrm and lasting basis. We hope soon to have il in our power to lay beforo our readers tho official accounts of the important operations of which we havo endeavored lo furnish a brief and imperfect sketch iu Iho present article. Wisconsin TEUiimmy. Tho following appointments of officers for the newly erected Territory of Wisconsin, havo been confirmed by tho Senate, viz: Henry Duihie. Governor; John S. IIokncii, Secretary; Ciiaki.ks Dunn, Chief Justice; William C. Fhazikh, A-sociato Judge; W. W. Chapman, Attorney; and Francis Geiio.n, Marshal. COKKK'I'ONIU'INCE OF THE STATE JOURNAL tralism around llio freemen of Texas. Bo his them, for n time. Tho fright at Washington, objects what they niav, his coining was opportune for Ihe political aspirants. The' weapon iu their hand was next to irresistible. A majority concur, red. The most nciivo preparations wero made to meet Cos und drive him out uf tho country. Ho was assailed in San Antonio, and tho result is known. I lo was obliged to capitulate to great ly inferior numbers, and to leave tlm country, i'he Convention, which sat in the fill, made an equivocal declaration, in favor of Iho "reiulil'ican uuiciples of the Constitution ol ls2l: 1 nnd hav uig passed certain "organic laws, among them one providing for tho closing of tho land ollic FOREIGN l.NTI-XMCEN'CE. By the arriv.it of tho ship Pacific, from Liverpool, London papers to tho 13th ult. havo been received nt New York; but they tire almost entirely destitute of news of an interesting charnc. ter. Tho British Parliament reassembled on tho lllh; but nothing of iniporlnnco had engaged their attention at the latest dates. Considerable sensation had been excited throughout the Uni Wasiiinoton, IS, IStlll. To-day tho silling of the House has been full of interesting incidents. In the first place, there was the long expected report from Iho famous smothering committee headed by Mr. f incknkv, respecting the Abolition ot Slavery; then the in telligence respecting the incursions, nnd depredations of tho Crock Indians followed up by anap- plicnt'oti from the Secretary of War for an appropriation of livo hundred thousand dollars, to aid in putting down these disturbances, and an amend meiit lo tho volunteer bill, authorizing the Picsi dent to accept iho services of mounted rillemcn but providing that the number shall nut exceed ten thousand men! PS -I I,- I . . . . I I , . .1.- I.t.l K Inmlrui, til mnunnnnnrn rf" llirt tilnwmrr IIO. 1 . ' . ""'o"""i " -i !tt-av, that many persons hud nearly lorgotton the on Iho night ol tho th ot April, ol a colossal stu- wi,0 mlcr. Certainly all hope was given up tuo of King illiam tho 1 hud, which stood on ol ns ever being brought torward. It lias come, Collcgo Green, ono of Iho most public places in however, mid is u long, sober, argumentative ex lV.l.lm Ii .v. n,,u,...l .,r l,.n,l;i ..;,.!.,' position of the reasons of Mr. P. and bis allies , . ,. . , . , ' ,oon i i " I for tho conclusions which tho Houso dircclcd being estimated at about 1300 po.mds-a.ul was . tiRn () h mM mlch almost entirely demolished; the laco and body , w;li(;ll t;m )0 1)(.,ur fjlod up, wero I to allompt and lor the suspension ot surveys, delegated their women and childie.i powers, under the organic laws, to a Governor,! wero thronging the hi: where the convention was sitting, was very great. The members wero in consternation. Tho fall of the Alamo nnd Houston's retreat to tho Colo rado cainu together, and also a report that 1500 cavalry wero within two hours march ol usl.ing-ton. Tho whole town was in commotion, unr the ferry completely blocked up by fugitives. Fannin's downfall and the further retreat of Houston lo llio Brassos, decided iho doubt of every lingerer west of that river. The flight w as then universal, and Ihe sutl'ering nnd distress of the flying mullilude, such as I will not attempt to describe. Men, women und children, siniu-litnen without uny attendance, being much battered, and the limbs torn from (he trunk. A reward of livo hundred poiuuli sterling had been-oflerod for the discovery of the mi abstract, and it is unnecessary, ns it will prob ably bu published iu cxtonso to-morrow. Mr. Haudin rose to an explanation. The : i. ...r... i i ir ... ,.,-. perpetrators, who had l ure lur contrived to ' hide 1 . - . I 1 ' i immi w iw to Innnv iimri itwt'm report .md I hern inu tij;iuiiii;u ui i.iu I'Tiuit, in- i ieiu.il oaei. her of Depulic t, at iho date of the blest adiecs were engaged iu tho dh'Ciusion of r bill i.;v,so;ii: a duty on sugar mauuf.;ct.iri:i' 1'icin ti e bc-t, j !:icli occasioned very warm t-l;:r. p-silion for the r-.-.c.-.ll of llio mr Borr.uwnT:: f i::;:!y l'.jin L?-.il.!i::;c: removal of tho remains cf M.ii e: :: after coiifidcrt.bio diseuesiun, bed bacn rcferre; nothing I'.itorcaiin. The er.i ef u:i.! .0. i-i fiaiico. i road, innnv oftliom with l.ieulcnant.tiovernor, anil l-oiincil. 1 ho enemy nut any means ol conveyance and without a sup-; j(l ,10 IvLuter.;. There v wcru unveil out oi mo couutrv, nun uio goveru- piv Ol iO(M. ii nun u puiaoiu mgiu io wimcss uiu; .. p . . . .. i i,;...e ' i i... .i i " , . 1 1 i. i . ..i' ir.... , lroni me oimurnt. meiii uii'i peopio nau u to rucnisi-nes. jhii iney crowns ni me mcrcm.-snijjs. iiiiiruii-iu oi unii-wco tint at penco. Dissension displayed itself ilies huddling: on the further bank, cngcily proving in nil quarters. 1 ho acts ol Ihe Leiivention, and; forward lo the inadequate means ol passage at- Ttivi'ti.i. iiny a ni nitm-iimont an-"ini a especia'ly lliose of iho Council, were consianl' forded, nnd stniggun." with their nci'dibors for. '" "niii" T.ut.un unim jiisnrn i,r tin-1- f.-i themes of reproach. Their powers wcio denied, the preference, which should lirst lians.iort llnm ,'!'! and Iheir persons 1'idicuh.d. Tho clu-ui' of t!iefiom tho JceiiO of dauber. The pathway at dil!i- Mi' Notice is luuvliy iriven, 'lisl .a my Initntin- nrii to- l''ii,ikan (.iniiie-.ni-tuiisi tlie t u"ii. r- -III., diimrln.rrciiil.'. il d'ncta ol' Juuics tulm , mi '.'' 'HuLm: tiu..ui: p. uu i iiAi:. was one opinion, ii;;:uast which ho entered his emphatic piote-l namely, that thu Abolitionists aro inconsiderable, in number, and without influence. l!u ib nled the truth of that assertion; and iic a.l.h-d that it was his belief the whole object of the report was to ;;ivu the impression lhat the opinion v. ae couect. Mr. I r viiM'.': remarked that the report only :!:e tales cf'.lio vaut number of the Abolition- iels wero greatly e.M'j'ger.itr.l, nnd no one would donv it. The v.i.olo uti.ubor of names attached !j il.-.i memorial.-! on this sub; -ct which have been nreseii'.ed was u';bl nil'! one half of these were i'er.'.alcs; nnd probably one third of tho remainder children. Mr. 'Wisk slid tho repoit was precisely such mi one ns he anticipated. Ho protested against the whole performance. Tht.ro was every thing in it t- animate a:.d wake up tho indignant feel-ings of tlie South in regard to the designs of the Abolitionists. If Southern men adopt it as the expression of their sentiments, they aro gone! Thec is not an inch of ground for their great and pcculinr interests to stand upon. He further stated that the report did not keep good faith with him. A pledge was distinctly and solemnly given to hi;n, that the report should proceed on tho ground that Cojjcp.ess has no oveiiR to Afloi.isu Slavery in the Disthict of Com mhia; and further, that unless that doctrine should be acquiesced in, no report at all should be inude. Bui what have we here? Simply the leclarnlion that Abolition is not expedient now. The lights and interests of the South are left to tho tender mercies of fanaticism. Mr. Wise complained that no notice had been taken of a resolution presented by lum and referred to the committee, nor of the great principles asserted by tho North in 1019, that Congress has power to abolish the slave trade; and concluded by de claring, with fjroat energy that he would sooner sanction the memorials on the subject, which had isnii presented, than agree to print an extra num. her of that report, to be dis'ribiC 1 as the expression of Southern feeling and the vindication of Southern rigb'?. ' Mr. Thomi-son of South Carolina, followed and spoke to the same eflect. IIo denounced tho report as containing not one S ruth Carolina argument or sentiment. Instead of putting, tho question on chartered rights, it made it merely a malter of public faith. Ho wished Ihoso who had this song of public faith, constantly on their hps, would manliest n litllo more adherence to rights. Ho spoke of tho report wilh the utmost scorn and contempt, as a composition, and dcclar. ed it was an unequivocal abandonment of the rights of tho South; whether it arose from not understanding them, or want of ncrvo and heart to maintain them, he would not say. Some one moved that ten thousand copies be printed, another moved for twenty thousand, and others again for thirty thousand. M essrs. 1 1 awls and Boi loin spoko in favor of printing tho largest number. Mr. Howard followed on the same side. Mr. Patton of Va. also spoke in favor of printing an extra number, although ho was opposed to tho action of the Houso which referred tho nndter to a select committee; nnd did net concur in tho arguments or sentiments of llio report. Mr. SeEiouT was in favor of printing, because he wished lo know, and desired the country should know, what the committee had reported. Dr. Sutherland, of Pennsylvania, made ono of his tpieer speeches iu favor of printing, and in defence of Mr. Pincknev. IIo said that gentleman was charged wilh misrepresenting tho people of his Slate, on this momentous question. It was a high and grave charge; und he thought it rigbl lhat those before whom ho was arraigned, . should hear ull the testimony. Tho Doctor labored at this point fur somo lime, and in that peculiar style of elocution, which renders it almost impossible to givo any just conception of his expression. IIo rebuked Mr. Thompson rather sharply, for his imputations on Mr. Pinckncy. 'J'ltoMrsotf rejoined with great severity. Ho aid Ibero was a peculiar appropriateness in the rentleniui lrom 1 cnnsyivuuia thrusting himself brward us the champion of such a cause. He id already shown tho world how much eflect principle had iu directing bis course; and Mr. i iio.':i'S.N interred lrom Ihe zeal he manifested on the present occasion, that he hud some inter- st in Ihe issue. Tho Doctor wus highly cningcd, and called out in a high (ono to Mr. Roiikiitson, who hud just succeeded to the floor, to allow him to reply to liliirsoN. lint iur. II. wished lum to grow cool, I imagine; for he declined to grunt him thu parole. Mr. Rohertson maintained that the report yielded every thing; and moved to send it back to the select committee, with instructions to report that Congress has no right to abolish slavery. Just at tins point, 1 observed vaivdkrfoel, and Thompson of Ohio, in closo confabulation, and bye and bye, up started the latter and moved tho previous question. These two sagacious persons, however, rather overshot tho mark, for the speaker decided that the mam question would bo on adopting the resolutions; whereupon the Ohioan withdrew his call lor the 1. U. Sutherland then obtained nchf.nco to say a few words. He remarked, lhat Pincknkv required no champion it wus beneath llio dignity ot a booth Carolina representative to bring up tales of petty scandal and when Mr. Tiiomtson should know him, lie would admit there was no ground for Ins charges, &.C. &C. The House then went into committee of tho whole, on the Fortification Lill, and Mr. Forrester began a seeclt about mutters and things in general but after a while wtia interrupted by "A message from tho Semite." Tins turned out lo be Uio Volunteer lull, which that body returned with certain amendments, among which was one authorizing the President to accept the services of any number of mon for infantry and cavalry, not exceeding ten thousand. A debnto arose, in the course of which frequent reference was mado to tho intelliirence that had been received uf the devastations and mas. sacrcs committed by the Creek Indians on tlie frontiers of Georgia and Alabama. Several gon-tlemcn were in possession of letters which depicted in Iho most allccling terms tlie sufferings lo which defenceless women and children were exposed. Mr. Adams distinguished himself by ono of his oddest sirccches against tho bill. He seems to dunk, that all this alarm is systematically got up by tho administration, for some "ulterior purposes." Mr. Glascock made a vehement assault on Mr. Adams and supported tho bill with powerful lungs, and a most tempestuous gesticulation. Several others talked about, and about it; at last tho previous question was called, and all the amendments, excepting one, concurred in. Tho House agrocd to that which caused so much discussion. Mr. Cam.rrf.leno then obtnincd leave to report a bill, appropriating half a million of dollars, to provido for the suppression of the hostilities of the Creeks, Tho bill was read twice, committed to the coiniuittco of the whole, and after some consideration, il was reported to tho House, and passed. Tho House did not adjourn till half past six o'clock. Y. L. 1)1 Kl, In this city on Morula)- lusl, in tho 53d year of her ogc, Catiuiu.nl, consort of Mr. Isaac Taylor, of this ity.