Fatherless boys and girls are: twice as likely to drop out of
high school; twice as likely to end up in jail; four times more
likely to need help for emotional or behavioral problems. US
D.H.H.S. news release, March 26, 1999.

43% of US children live without their father. US Department of
Census.

Two years after divorce, 51% of children in sole mother
custody homes only see their father once or twice a year, or
never. Guidubaldi, 1989; Guidubaldi, 1988; Guidubaldi, Perry,
& Nastasi, 1987.

42% of fathers fail to see their children at all after
divorce. Frank F. Furstenberg, Jr. and Christine Winguist Nord,
"Parenting Apart," Journal of Marriage and the Family, vol 47, no.
4, November, 1985.

90% of father disengagement is caused by obstruction of access
by a custodial parent anxious to break the father-child ties.
Kruk, 1992, cited by Prof. John Guidubaldi in his Minority Report
and Policy Recommendations of the US Commission on Child &
Family Welfare, US Code Citation: 42 USC 12301, 1996. Same cause
identified by Braver, Wolchik, & Sandler, 1985, without
incidence values.