The American newspapers are inciting the public by saying the French are considered a treacherous race who should be driven out of North America by the British.

As the English flag waves over Quebec, 70,000 people, originally from France, live in the former French Colony. In New England, at the same time, we find almost 2,500,000 people originally from Europe; thirty five times more than in Canada. This speaks volumes of the French policy and attitudes towards New France: religious intolerance, suppression of liberty and indifference for the well-being of the French colony.

General Hospital, Montreal, death Marie Deschambault (1745-1760) age 15, slave of M. Deschambault.

It is estimated that there are about 3,600 slaves in New France, mostly Pawnee People. Indian slaves are commonly called Panis. Another 1,100 Africans were purchased from New England and the West Indies. There are also many indentured servants in both the French and British colonies that were only slightly better off than other slaves.

April 28, 9:00 a.m.: Again, on the Plains of Abraham, the French and British Armies face off. This time the battle will last for two hours. Much of the fighting is hand to hand. The British are soundly defeated this round, and they retreat to the Fort, having lost many prisoners. The French decide to surround the Fort and wait the arrival of the French Army.

September 8: Canada effectively changes from French Control to British control. The New England colonists are jubilant and relieved that within a century, all of North America will become English. The clergy request and receive the right to retain their Catholic faithful among the Canadians. Britain, a Protestant country, now has 65,000 Roman Catholics. The forty-seventh article of the capitulation provided: “The Negroes and Pawnees, of both sexes, shall remain in their quality of slaves, in the possession of French and Canadians to whom they belong; they shall be at liberty to keep them in their service in the colony, or to sell them; and they shall also continue to bring them up in the Roman religion.”

October 6-8: Montreal is surrounded by 17,000 British troops, and the French burn their flags and surrender the Fort, ending the French resistance. (I)-Jeffery Amherst (1717-1797) is appointed the Commander in Chief of North America.

September 9: William Johnson, the British Superintendent of Indian Affairs, told a Fort Detroit gathering that he regarded the Wyandot (Huron), an Iroquian speaking people, the leaders of the Western Confederacy. This speech angered the Algonquian Confederacy of the Ojibwa, Potawatomi and Ottawa. This speech would lead to war in the spring of 1763.

November 15: The Auguste de Bordeaux sank near Dingwall, Cape Breton with 121 passangers mostly military and government officials from the fallen French regime. Saint Luc de Corne, a Quebec born fur trader is one of 7 passangers to survive. He walked 2,000 km back to Quebec arriving February 23, 1762. It is noteworthy that he was considered one of the colony's richest men.

Captain Peabody and his family left Massachusetts to become the first permanent English (speaking people) resident of New Brunswick; where Saint John now stands. The English would drive the Acadians from their lands, rename all French or Micmac place names with English names, and named the whole region Nova Scotia. Prince Edward Island would later, in 1769, be named Saint John's Island, and got its present name in 1799. The British justification for their actions is the refusal of the Roman Catholic Acadians to swear an oath of allegiance to the Anglican Church and England.

This year 1,500 French Acadians are land cleared to Massachusetts but are immediately returned.

Word reached Canada that on April 1, the Parliament of Paris closed all Jesuit Colleges, expelling 4,000 Jesuits.

The English land cleared about 11,000 French Acadians from Nova Scotia during the period of 1755 to 1763, to make room for English and Scottish settlers as those Acadians held the best land. The Acadians held in England are shipped to France and France reports 2,400 are on welfare. St. Milo, France received 1,560 Acadian refugees. As a result of the English Land Clearance, Acadia is renamed Nova Scotia.

The population of Canada comprised about 70,000 Europeans, 30,000 Indians and 400 black slaves

The Treaty of Paris gave Acadie to England.

France says it doesn't want New France. All they want of Canada is their fish. The English don't know what to do about the French Canadians. Benjamin Franklin of Philadelphia assures London that within 1/2 a century, French Canada will be absorbed into the English colonies in religion, language and manners. The rest will be bought out and sent back to France.

The British assumed control of Quebec, and both the quality and quantity of censuses declined. Only 3 censuses (1765, 1784, 1790) were taken of the Province of Quebec before the end of the century.

The Roman Catholic Church requested that the Canadians submit to the English King to ensure the Church would remain in control of religion as was promised by the Protestant King. They were also concerned that they might lose the enormous wealth they had accumulated in land, landlord tenant, manufacturing, fur trading and taxation (tithing). During the French regime, the Catholic Church had received over two million acres of land; a quarter of all the land the French Kings had granted. It was said at the time, that the Ecclesiastical Orders vied with one another in pleading and scheming for these generous land grants. We sometimes forget that the Roman Catholic Church was a powerful landlord in New France. Of course, this land rightfully belonged to the Native peoples who had lived on it for thousands of years. The King of France never had the right to give it away.

(I)-Benjamin Frobisher (1742-1787), with the brothers of (I)-Joseph Frobisher (1740-1810) and (I)-Thomas Frobisher, arrived in Quebec, and they entered the employ of the North West Company. Benjamin managed affairs in Montreal and London while his brothers traded in the field.

General Hospital, Montreal death Joseph De la Corne (1743-1763) age 20, slave of M. De la Corne.

General Hospital, Montreal death Angelique Ferriere (1748-1763) age 15 slave of M. Ferriere.

In the Treaty of Paris, February 10, Canada ceded to the British. Civil government proclaimed Cape Breton and Ile St. Jean (Prince Edward Island) annexed to Nova Scotia; Labrador, Anticost and Magdalen Island to Newfoundland.

In the act of the capitulation of Quebec, which was signed by General Jeffery Amhurst (1717-1797)- Commander in Chief of the troops and forces of his Majesty Britannique in America and Marquis de Vaudreuil, Governor and Lieutenant General for Roy in Canada, article XLVII reads: The Negros and Panis of the two sexes will remain, in their capacity as slaves, in the possession of the French and Canadians, to whom they belong; it will be free for them to keep them at their service in the colony or to sell them, and they will be able also to continue to make them be raised in the Roman Religion, excluding those that have been made captive.

(I)-Thomas Gage (1721-1787) is the interim Governor of America, November 17, 1763 to August 10, 1764. (I)-Thomas Gage (1721–1787), English general. He served as governor of Montreal (1760), Commander-in-Chief of the British forces in North America (1763–75) and governor of Massachusetts (1774–1775). His attempts to quell dissent in Massachusetts, New England contributed to the outbreak of the American Revolution.

A 40 ton sloop is built at Point Aux Pins, Lake Superior, north of Sault Ste. Marie.

The British commenced their policy of French subjugation or assimilation. English merchants from Boston and London enter Quebec. Thomas Walker is considered the most obnoxious of British merchants. He wants to have only British as jurors, merchants, or in any position of power. Thirty of like minded English merchants appeal to London to gain authority over the 10,000 Catholic citizens of Quebec. It is noteworthy that only 15 of these merchants even reside in Quebec. The few British want to form a Protestant only, elected assembly that will not include Catholics; as is the case in Britain. They believe this is their God given right as Protestants. This philosophy would continue into the 21st century. The belief is a strong central government, controlled by an educated political and economic elite. The opposition believed that they needed less government, and that the Government should represent the interests of the general population, not a wealthy elite.

The King refused the English merchant's demands on all accounts except their request to remove James Murry, (1721/22-1794) the Canadian Governor, for resisting the English merchant's demands. The English King proclaimed the interior, which includes all the Great Lakes, as Indian Lands, not to be encroached by settlers or to purchase same. This infuriated the English Colonies.

(II)-Joseph Broussard dit Beausoleil, b-1702 Port Royal (Acadia), died October 20, 1765 became a legend in Acadia and in Louisiana, some consider him the Louis Riel of Acadia. His homestead had been burnt and pillaged by the English so he and his family fled to the woods. Joseph was a sharpshooter and he took a heavy toll of English soldiers who were sent to capture refugees in hiding. In 1763 after being imprisoned, Joseph, Jean Basque, Simon Martin and Jean Bourg the freedom fighters were deported to Louisiana.

January 5: Longueuil, Quebec marriage Jacques Cesar negro, slave of (III)-Ignace Gamelin b-1698 for 30 years, married Marie Negresse- a slave of the family of Longueuil.

November: James Murry ( 1721/22 -1794 is appointed Governor of Canada. He failed to call a legislative assembly, as was promised in the Royal proclamation of 1763, because he feared that the Canadians would be barred from it on religious grounds.