Reif also announced that Cynthia Barnhart, a professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, is MIT’s new chancellor. Barnhart has been associate dean of the School of Engineering since 2007; she served as acting dean of engineering from 2010 to 2011.

Schmidt’s appointment as provost, MIT’s senior academic and budget officer, and Barnhart’s appointment as chancellor, with overarching responsibility for graduate and undergraduate education and student life, are both effective immediately.

“Marty brings to the role of provost a powerful combination of skills and experience as a teacher, advisor, administrator, researcher, inventor and entrepreneur,” Reif wrote in his letter, adding: “Marty has cheerfully accepted and successfully handled a great many sensitive, difficult assignments for the MIT community. In the process, he has become well known, inside and outside MIT, for his clarity, integrity, strategic perspective and ability to bring people together to get hard things done.”

“In three months as Acting Provost, Marty has proved himself an indispensable member of our senior team,” Reif wrote, “and I am delighted that he has accepted my offer to help lead MIT as provost.”

Schmidt says that his tenure as associate provost — and as director of MIT’s Microsystems Technology Laboratories (MTL) from 1999 to 2006 — has broadened his appreciation of the Institute, stoking an intellectual curiosity that attracts him to his new, more expansive role.

“I find great joy in learning about new fields,” Schmidt says. “What I find most exciting about the opportunity to serve as MIT’s provost is the intellectual stimulation that I know will come from engaging with all the diverse parts of this extraordinary institution.”

“I’ve always been interested in making things — since my teenage years, when I would rebuild cars or build furniture,” says Schmidt, who arrived at MIT, fresh from receiving his BS in electrical engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, with a strong interest in integrated circuits. “When I came to MIT, the frontiers of my field were in microelectronics — the drive to make transistors smaller and smaller. But I soon became aware of the potential to apply miniaturization elsewhere.”

Recognizing that the skills he had honed for microelectronics could be useful in other fields, Schmidt broadened his horizons as a graduate student, turning to miniature sensors for use in factories or vehicles. (At the time, sensors governing airbag deployment were a hot topic.) He later conducted research on sensors to detect turbulence, with a mentor from the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics who ultimately co-supervised his doctoral thesis on the topic.

When Schmidt joined the MIT faculty as an assistant professor upon earning his PhD, his enthusiasm for interdisciplinary collaboration drew him to partner with colleagues outside EECS, and even outside MIT. Attracted to problems with practical applications, he also found himself working closely with industrial collaborators: with 3M on miniature sensors for monitoring plastic processing, with Bosch on micromachined valves, and with General Motors on crash sensors, among others. He holds more than 30 issued U.S. patents.

“I’m a guy who knows how to make small things, for whatever applications they may be useful in,” Schmidt says. “I enjoy working on these devices until they are ready for commercialization. At that point, the research problem starts to feel too constrained, and I look to move on as the guardrails close in.”

Schmidt’s entrepreneurship has its roots in the 1990s, when he cultivated an interest in microfluidics. He began a lengthy collaboration with Klavs Jensen, a professor with joint appointments in chemical engineering and in materials science and engineering, to develop miniature chemical reactors. The resulting devices, roughly half a cubic centimeter in size, burn fuel at temperatures of 700 to 800 degrees Celsius — but when surrounded by an insulating chip, are safe to the touch. This yields a handheld reactor that, when merged with a solid-oxide fuel cell, can convert chemical fuel to electricity.

The effort gave rise to startup Lilliputian Systems, launched in 2002, one of six companies Schmidt has had a role in starting. Two others grew out of microfluidics research with a pair of biomedically oriented colleagues, Martha Gray and Mehmet Toner, that allowed the manipulation of individual cells in blood. One of these companies — Living Microsystems, later renamed Verinata Health, and purchased last year by Illumina — developed a test for prenatal screening based upon a maternal blood draw, eliminating the need for amniocentesis.

“Each stage of my career at MIT has exposed me to new communities within MIT and new ways of thinking about the world and the work of the Institute,” Schmidt says. “When I began collaborating with chemical engineers, I learned an entirely new way of thinking about engineering. Similarly, to lead MTL, I had to explore the work of everyone in the lab. As associate provost, my role in allocating physical space gave me a unique perspective on the distinctive needs of every part of MIT, and my involvement in the Institute’s response to the global financial crisis represented an intensive education in MIT’s financial operations.”

The provost is MIT’s senior academic and budget officer, with overall responsibility for the Institute’s educational programs, as well as for the recruitment, promotion, and tenuring of faculty. As provost, Schmidt will work closely with the deans of MIT’s five schools to establish academic priorities, and with Executive Vice President and Treasurer Israel Ruiz to manage the financial planning to support these priorities. The provost also oversees the Institute’s library system and works with Vice President for Research Maria Zuber to coordinate support for research priorities.

Schmidt and his wife of 27 years, Lyn, who is active in volunteer organizations, live in Reading. They have four sons: Derek, who works for State Street Corporation; Brian, a senior at the University of Connecticut; Kevin, a freshman at the University of Maine; and Danny, a senior at Reading Memorial High School.

As associate dean, Barnhart has held primary responsibility for overseeing faculty searches, ensuring that hiring practices achieve the highest possible faculty quality and diversity. She also chaired the School of Engineering Education Council, working to facilitate teaching and learning across disciplines, and led committees that developed policies that have increased flexibility in dual faculty appointments and established guidelines for faculty mentoring in the School of Engineering.

“A clear-eyed problem-solver in the classic MIT tradition, Cindy was drawn to MIT by our culture of approaching hard problems by thinking across disciplines and Schools,” Reif wrote in his letter to the MIT community, noting that “Cindy has coupled her academic achievements with wide-ranging service to MIT.”

“Cindy comes to the chancellorship with a lively awareness of the demands and realities of student life on campus,” Reif added. “In interviewing for this position, she explained to me that from the start of her time on the faculty — a job she began when her first child was three weeks old — she has made a conscious effort to prove that it is possible to have both a successful career and a satisfying family life; her commitment and her example on this score will be tremendously useful in helping our famously intense community strike a productive balance.”

MIT’s chancellor oversees graduate and undergraduate education, student life, student services, and other areas with impact on the student experience. The deans of graduate education, undergraduate education, and student life all report to the chancellor; the Office of Digital Learning reports to both the chancellor and the provost. Together with the provost, the chancellor advises the president and participates in strategic planning on faculty appointments, resource development, and Institute resources and buildings.

“I’m thrilled to have the opportunity to serve as chancellor,” Barnhart says, “because the position is all about students and their learning and life experiences at MIT. I can think of nothing on our campus more important to me.”

Barnhart has served as an undergraduate adviser every year since 1992, and has supervised 83 graduate and undergraduate theses of students in the departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Aeronautics and Astronautics, Mechanical Engineering, and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; in the Engineering Systems Division; and in the MIT Sloan School of Management. She has taught courses on large-scale optimization, airline operations research, the global airline industry, and transportation operations, planning, and control.

The mother of two daughters, both in college, Barnhart says, “MIT students are, of course, unbelievably smart. I love the way they think, and how they so often teach me something unexpected. I look forward to spending as much time as I can learning from them in this new role.”

Barnhart is a native of Barre, Vt. After earning her BS from the University of Vermont in 1981, she spent two years at the engineering firm Bechtel, where she worked as a planning and scheduling engineer for the Metro subway system in Washington, D.C. She arrived at MIT in 1984 to pursue graduate work in transportation and operations research, earning her SM in transportation in 1985 and her PhD in 1988.

“I came to MIT because its programs weren’t siloed; they were highly interdisciplinary, even in the 1980s,” Barnhart says. “I had the entire Institute at my fingertips. The barriers between departments are low and porous here. When you’re at MIT, you’re at MIT — the whole place.”

After earning her degrees, Barnhart took a faculty job at the Georgia Institute of Technology for four years before rejoining MIT as an assistant professor in 1992. She became an associate professor in 1995 and a full professor in 2002.

Barnhart, a member of the National Academy of Engineering, focuses her research on optimizing transportation systems, especially in aviation. She develops mathematical models and algorithms, often context- and data-driven, to shape the design of transportation systems. She has advised domestic and international airlines on schedule design and resource utilization, and the Federal Aviation Administration on policies to improve the U.S. aviation system overall, particularly on topics around congestion and delays.

Among other findings, Barnhart’s modeling has shown that using administrative controls or market mechanisms to limit the number of scheduled flights to airport capacity — practices not currently used in scheduling flights at most U.S. airports — could significantly reduce passenger delays while boosting airline profits.

“I enjoy problems that can be subjected to rigorous analysis, but that have no one right answer,” Barnhart says. “There is a blending of art and science in building optimization models; the art is capturing a real-world problem with a mathematical model, and the science is devising approaches to solve it.”

In the coming months, Barnhart plans to set her priorities as chancellor by meeting with students in formal and informal settings. “I want to make the student experience at MIT as positive and fulfilling as possible,” she says, “and I look forward to engaging fully with students to make that happen.”

Barnhart and her husband, Mark Baribeau, managing director and head of global equities at Jennison Associates, live in Wellesley. They have two daughters: Olivia, a senior at Colby College, and Julia, a freshman at Santa Clara University.