Learning Target: Summarize what 3D modeling is and identify and explain 4 popular methods for creating

What is 3D modeling??

In three dimensional computer graphics, 3D modeling is the procedure of developing a 3D model using specialized software. It is a process of creating a wireframe model that represents a three dimensional object. That object can be alive or inanimate. A three dimensional model is created using a set of points in 3D space, which are connected by various geometric data such as lines, and curved surfaces.

Three dimensional models are created using four popular methods:

Polygonal modelingMany three dimensional models are created as textured polygonal models. Polygonal modeling is a method of creating a 3D model by connecting line segments through points in a 3D space. These points in space are also known as vertices. Polygonal models are very flexible and can be rendered by a computer very quickly. One cannot, however, create an exact curved surface using polygonal 3D modeling technique.

Primitive modeling. This is the simplest way of modeling three dimensional objects. Using geometric primitives such as cylinders, cones, cubes and spheres, complex models are created. This approach ensures easy construction as the forms are mathematically defined and precise. Primitive modeling is mainly used in developing 3D models of technical applications.

NURBS modelingThe NURBS (Non-uniform rational B-spline) modeling method can be found in popular software like Maya. The developer can create smooth-surfaced 3D models using this modeling technique. Unlike polygonal modeling techniques which can only approximate curved surfaces using numerous polygons, NURBs modeling can truly create smooth curved surfaces.

Splines and patches modeling.These methods are similar to the NURBS modeling procedure. They depend on curved lines to identify the visible surface.

3D modeling can be easily performed using dedicated software such as Maya, and 3DS Max. There are also some scene description languages like POV-Ray which are used for modeling. While most three dimensional software suites are priced very high, open source programs are available for free. Most programs follow polygonal and NURBS modeling methods to create models. For modeling complicated materials like rain, clouds and blowing sands, the programs employ a particle system to make the modeling process easier.Today, 3D modeling is employed in a wide variety of activities. The video game industry uses various three dimensional modeling methods to create realistic character models for video games. In the medical field, detailed models of human body organs are created using various advanced 3D modeling software. The engineering community uses 3D computer aided design(CAD) programs to create three dimensional models of new devices, vehicles and structures.