Because the improvement of 23G vitrectomy in 2004, the strategy has revolutionized retinal surgical procedure via overcoming a few of the difficulties linked to 20G and 25G platforms and supplying major advancements in surgical potential and fluidics. this crucial booklet first discusses the tools and kit hired in 23G vitrectomy after which explains, step-by-step, a number of the surgical recommendations simply by informative diagrams and plenty of top of the range photographs.

Gonioscopy is an important differential diagnostic instrument that enables overview of the anterior chamber perspective and proper type of glaucoma as a foundation for particular remedy. This e-book basically explains the right way to practice gonioscopy to top impression. The anatomy of the chamber attitude is systematically defined, and the effect of age, developmental issues, and different pathologies at the chamber attitude is defined.

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In each quadrant and exit l4-25 mm from the limbus between the rectus muscles. The ampullae of the vortex veins are 8-9 mm from the ora serrata and are visible by indirect ophthalmoscopy. A circle connecting these ampullae corresponds rough ly to the equator and divides the central or posterior fundus from the peripheral portion. CHAPTER 2 The Eye Topographic Features of the Globe The eyeball, or globe, is not a true sphere. The radius of curvature of the corn ea (8 mm ) is smaller than that of the sclera (I2 m m), making the shape of the globe an oblate spheroid (Fig 2- \ ).

Smaller than twitch-type fibers. they have a slow. smooth contraction and tend to be located more superficially in the muscle. nearer the orbital wall. The tonic-type fibers are innervated by multiple grapeli ke nerve endin gs (e /1 grappe) and are useful for smooth pursuit. The twi tch-type fibers are more similar to skeletal muscle fibers. Larger than tonic fibers and located deeper in the muscle, they have a fast contraction and platelike nerve endings (e /1 plaque). Twitch fibers aid in rapid saccadic movements of the eye.

From Bran AJ. Tnpathi Re, Tflpalhi 8J. Wolff's Anatomy 01the Eye and Orbit. 8th ed. ) Eyelash, glands of Zeis and Moll al its follicle levator aponeurosis establishes its first insertional attachments. ) The aponeurosis forms its firmest attachments on th e anterior aspect of the tarsus aboul 3 111111 superior to the eyelid margin. Margin T he eyelid margin contains several important landmarks (F ig 1-27). A small opening, the punctum of the canaliculus, presents mediall y at the summit of each lacrimal papUla.