Endocrine System: Endocrine System Review

1.Hormones act at specific target organs because these organs contain _receptors_ specific for the hormones. 2.Growth hormone, secreted by the _anterior pituitary _ gland, stimulates growth of bones and muscle by activating intermediary proteins called _somatomedins_. 3._Peptide_ (hormone) from the anterior pituitary stimulates secretion of cortisol from the _pituitary_ (gland). The anterior pituitary consists of _glandular_ tissue. 4.The parafollicular or C-cells of the _thyroid_ gland produce _calcitonin_, a peptide hormone that lowers plasma calcium levels. 5.Hormones secreted by the pancreatic islets of the pancreas include _glucagon_ from the α cells and _insulin_ from the β cells. Which of these hormones raise blood glucose levels? Glucagon 6.Specialized muscle cells in the heart produce _atrial natriuretic peptide_ (hormone), which increases excretion of _sodium_ (electrolyte) by the kidneys. 7._PTH_ (hormone) promotes the final conversion of vitamin D to _calcitonin_ in the kidney. 8._gastrin_ (hormone) produced by G-cells in the pyloric antrum stimulates _HCI_ secretion in the stomach. 9.One ventral hypothalamic hormone (_CRH_) is essential for the stress response and another (_dopamine_) inhibits release of prolactin. 10._FSH__ (hormone) is a stimulus for sperm production in the male and maturation of ovarian follicles in the female. 11._Melatonin__, secreted by the pineal gland, helps regulate body activities with the light-dark cycle. 12.The zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex primarily produces the hormone _alldosterone__, which acts on the _kidneys__ (organ) to increase _Na+__ (electrolyte) reabsorption. 13._adrenal medulla_ (gland) is a modified sympathetic ganglion producing the amine hormones known as __catecholamines__. This category of amine hormones includes both _epinephrine__ and __norepinephrine_ (two hormones). 14.The testes__ (organ) produces a steroid hormone called...