africa_ch18

Chapter 18 : Chapter 18 Physical Africa
Africa: “The Plateau Continent” : Africa: “The Plateau Continent”
Slide 8: Nile River Flows more than 4,000 miles Provided irrigation for thousands of yrs >95% of Egyptians depend on the Nile for water Avg. population 3,320 people per sq. mile
Slide 10: Rift Valleys Continental plates pulled apart over millions of years Huge cracks formed in the earth Land sank to form long, thin valleys Eastern Africa is pulling away from the rest of Africa The Great Rift Valley
Slide 12: Several lakes have formed at the bottom of rift valleys Unusually long and deep Lake Tanganyika-longest freshwater lake in the world Lake Victoria-2nd largest lake in the world Lakes
Slide 14: Mount Kilimanjaro Africa’s highest mountain One of Africa’s volcanic mountains along with Mount Kenya 19,335.6 ft
Slide 15: Wealth of Minerals Minerals make it one of the world’s richest continents Gold, platinum, chromium, cobalt, copper, phosphates, diamonds
Slide 16: South Africa produces 80 % of world’s platinum 30 % of world’s gold 42 % of the world’s cobalt Wealth of Minerals
Slide 18: Libya, Nigeria, and Algeria: world’s leading producers >7% of world’s oil Oil Resources
Slide 19: Runner Up Africa grows 20% of world's coffee Lumber: Nigeria leads Africa in exports Logging is depleting Africa’s forests
Slide 20: Water in the Desert? Under the desert! Aquifer: underground water storage Places where the water surfaces: Oasis
Slide 21: Tropics 90% of Africa lies between tropics (Cancer and Capricorn) High temperatures most of the year. 110 F and 115 F
Slide 22: World’s largest desert Occupies 11 countries Larger than the U.S. Less than 5 in. of rain per year 3,500,000 sq. miles long The Sahara Desert
Slide 24: Sahel “shore of desert” Desertification: expansion of dry conditions into moist areas next to deserts Humans cause desertification by: Overgrazing Farming Drilling water for irrigation Increasing populations Desert
Slide 25: Serengeti Plain Northern Tanzania Dry climate and hard soil prevents growth of trees and crops Perfect for grass Some grasses grow taller than the avg. person
Slide 27: Rainforest 100 different kinds of trees in 1 sq. acre Canopy: uppermost layer, 150 ft high Most animals live in canopy Slash-and-burn farming is destroying Madagascar
Slide 28: Aswan Dam: first in 1902, New in 1970 Forms Lake Nasser Gives farmers large water supply Traps all the silt, farmers buy their own fertilizer Controling the Nile

Ch. 18: Colonial Encounters, Indian Responses & the ...

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