Abstract : This report presents the results of an examination of historical records related to the construction and operations of the Radford Army Ammunition Plant (RAAP) near Radford, Virginia. This project was undertaken as part of a larger Legacy Resource Program demonstration project to assist small installations and to aid in the completion of mitigation efforts set up in a 1993 Programmatic Agreement among the Army Materiel Command, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, and Multiple State Historic Preservation Officers concerning a program to cease maintenance, excess, and dispose of particular properties. As part of the larger project to develop the national historic context of seven sample installations on a state and local level, the major focus of the project at RAAP was to document the impacts that the facility had on the state and local environments. As one of the Ordnance Department's Government-Owned Contractor-Operated industrial facilities, RAAP was designed to provide munitions and materiel for European and American forces during World War II. The facility initially was two units: Radford Ordnance Works, near Radford, Virginia and the New River Ordnance Plant near Dublin, Virginia. In addition to the technical aspects of munitions production, this report discusses the direct and indirect effects construction and operations had on Radford and the surrounding small communities.