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Transcript of Improving the reliability of 11kV Distribution Networks

Prices will comedown will final product designs and bulk by the DNOImproving the Reliability of 11kV Distribution Networks05/11/201312/11/201322/11/201310/12/201303/12/2013Voltage and Current MeasurementSajjad Ali, Sam Donnelly, Phil Moseley, Martin Smith, David TufferyPresentation OutlineVoltage and Current MeasurementsExisting Communication LinksCommunication LinksPower Line Communication Cost Benefit AnalysisPost Fault Restoration Modelling and Results

Thank you for listening

Any questions please?Cost Benefit AnalysisPrice ControlsPost Fault RestorationIncentives to reduce CML’sLimited without Communication linksSouth Wales implemented “Sequential Logic Schemes”Predefined operationsCentralised control via ENMAC systemCannot adjust to dynamically changing networkWill not operate if the open point has movedDoes not account for voltage or thermal violations

Companies have started producing more low voltage measurement systems for smarter networks with some being assessed by DNO’s. Benefits of the theses systemsAccurate loading of networks Knowledge of currents in networks which have been meshed this information can be used in fault analysis and judging the life of a transformer. Capacity of the network form embedded generationSystems have been designed for easy installation and commission so that substation can be worked on with no CMLs There is ability to store information and present alarms in abnormal conditionsAlready some plant is installed on the network but not used at its full potential e.g. sectionalizers Two-way communication via modulation and demodulation of signal.

Possible Improvements:Include power flow calculationsSee how PLC could improve fault restorationReconfiguring to optimise networkLook into load variation Investigation into meshed operationWorking towards this using Neplan and NPL

NPL Abilityaccess properties of all objects in a networkadd/remove objects from the networkrun load-flows, protection simulations, etc.

Easily output complex data for post-processing and analysis

Complex or lengthy routines can be automated for use on any network

Neplan Modeling and ResultsResultsFuture WorkResearch into using smart meter data Investigation into improving dynamic restoration algorithms Neplan studies dependent on literature review resultsMeshed operationPossibility of looking at Communication method proposed by StephenImplement RIIO incentives into to practical outputsGantt ChartSummarySet by OFGEM A method of setting the amount of money (allowed revenue) that can be earned a DNODNO’s recover their allowed revenues from their charges to suppliers, who in turn pass these costs through to customers (16% of electricity bill)Revenues are set to allow DNO’s to recover their network operating costs, whilst earning a reasonable returnRevenue = Incentives + Innovation + Outputs, Electricity Distribution edition 1Price control commencing 2015-2023Performance based model for setting DNO’s price controls, to encourage DNO’s to:1) Put stakeholders at the heart of their decision making process2) Invest efficiently to ensure continued safe and reliable services3) Innovate to reduce network costs for current and future consumers4) Play a full role in delivering a low carbon economy and wider environmental objectives

New V and I measurement technologies are improving visibility on 11kV networksPLC in the past has focused on broadband communicationA number of issues to overcome before PLC could be reliable implementedRIIO has large incentives for DNO's which actively invest in their networkDynamic restoration algorithms have been largely successfulNPL and Neplan can quickly analyse a large quantity of dataWill keep up to date and realisticWill be used as a progress guide

Any questions please?Further research into using smart meter data Simulations of existing Narrowband PLC technology used Possibly modeling on existing networks.Use RIIO incentive figures in NPL/Neplan studiesDetailed look into CML cost (£/Minute)Ensure Automated Analysis code works on all networksFinish creating a working dynamic algorithm Carry out load-flow studies on all networks A focus on financial viability of each proposed developmentGantt ChartSummaryNew V and I measurement technologies have potential to greatly improve visibility on 11kV networksPLC in the past has focused on broadband communicationA number of issues to overcome before PLC could be reliable implemented with narrowband technologyRIIO has large incentives for DNO's which actively invest in their networkPotential improvements identified for restoration algorithmSubstantial progress made with NPL coding and ModellingKept up to date and realisticUsed as a progress guide List of proposed payment levels for a range of different scenarios/conditionsApply these costs (e.g. £72 per customer) to each of the networksIntegrate customer figures into our networks (e.g. 2000 customers fed from new lodge)Implement CML charges into costsNIC• Open to Network Licensees, bidding for funding for innovative Projects which could deliver carbon or environmental benefits for electricity customers and that would not be funded by the Network Licensee without additional funding being made available. £27m available each year, running annually from April 2013- March 2021 Operators submit a proposal, where a few are successfulAdditional £3m for successful completion DNO's will not be able to apply until 2015 the start of RIIO-ED1Successfully Implemented in South Wales and South WestCollated data since scheme was implemented

Mix of outdoor and indoor substations Voltage and MeasurementSmart MeteringAccording to the European Union Directive 2012/27/EC and following the Directive 2009/72/EC, “where the roll-out of smart metering is assessed positively, at least 80% of the consumers should be equipped with intelligent metering systems by 2020”

The recommended common minimum functional requirements are:a) to provide readings to the customer and any third partb) to update reading frequently enough for the customerc) to allow remote readingd) to allow two-way communicatione) to allow reading to be taken frequently enough for network planning (smart grids)f) to support advanced tariffsg) to support on/off supply and/or flow and/or power limitationh) to provide secure data communicationi) to ensure fraud prevention and detectionj) to provide input/ export and reactive metering.

Smart MeteringMost households will have smart meters installed by their energy company between 2015 and 2020, although some energy companies are starting to install smart meters now. DECC Energy suppliers will be in charge of the roll-out of smart meters rather than distribution networks. cost £340 pounds per household. However, it will be recoup the money from the saving of the high bills.

Smart MeteringBenefits of smart

meteringBulk data from networkReal time Data Improve knowledge of disconnection of customersRemote readingKnowledge of DG on LV

NEPLAN / NPLCurrent ProgressCreated a framework for our needs:Custom data I/OCustom librariesBranching functions to trace networkAble to output detailed information for:All nodes (or to a criteria)All lines (or to a criteria)Framework provides additional parameters such as total distance of a node from supply pointNon-network specific

Future DevelopmentsReliability module to place faults around networkImprove and implement WPD's existing algorithmCompare how effective it is with additional 11kV data from our proposed sensorsCalculate CML & CMI followed by financial implications or benefits (RIIO/ED1)

CommunicationsVarious types of communications Power Line Communication(PLC). GPRS.Telephone line.Fibre Optics.What each offer and consequences.Costs of equipments and servicesData Transfer.

CommunicationsData Transfer –How often data needs to be sent.Symbol Duration.Quality.Standards and Protocols.

Ensure Automated Analysis code works on all networksGet a working algorithm to represent the dynamic one used in the MidlandsIncorporate load flow and fault Level calculations into restorationExplore meshed reconfiguration Steady state reconfiguration for optimasation

Design of three networks -Urban,Rural and Semi-RuralHave WPD network authorisationsVisited Lamby Way to obtain required dataEntering into Neplan Thank you for listening

Any questions please?Future WorkFurther research into using smart meter data Detailed analysis of SQC vs Dynamic restoration algorithms Loadflow studies dependent on literature review resultsMeshed operationLoad data for reconfiguration Possibility of looking at PLC Communication method proposed by StephenUse RIIO incentive figures in NPL/Neplan studiesDetailed look into CML cost (£/Minute)Gantt ChartSummaryNew V and I measurement technologies have potential to greatly improve visibility on 11kV networksPLC in the past has focused on broadband communicationA number of issues to overcome before PLC could be reliable implemented with narrowband technologyRIIO has large incentives for DNO's which actively invest in their networkSQC restoration algorithms operate 80% of the time with potential of improving using loadflow and dynamic analysisSubstantial progress made with NPL coding and ModellingWill keep up to date and realisticWill be used as a progress guide

List of proposed payment levels for a range of different scenarios/conditionsApply these costs (e.g. £72 per customer) to each of the networksIntegrate customer figures into our networks (e.g. 2000 customers fed from new lodge)NIC• Open to Network Licensees, bidding for funding for innovative Projects which could deliver carbon or environmental benefits for electricity customers and that would not be funded by the Network Licensee without additional funding being made available. £27m available each year, running annually from April 2013- March 2021 Additional £3m for successful completion DNO's will not be able to apply until 2015 the start of RIIO-ED1Successfully Implemented in South Wales and South WestCollated data since scheme was implemented

Comparing with 'Dynamic Algorithm' used in Midlands and other DNO'sIdentify key improvements which can be financially justifiable with the RIIO-ED1 incentive scheme New Lodge NetworkWPD's LV Sensors Report reviews Current LV Monitoring Systems for 11kV/415V TransformersOn-site assessment was conducted with 28 substations

4 Substations each per manufacturer

Mix of outdoor and indoor substations NEPLAN / NPLImprovementsImproved branching code in NPLNow supports the following networks:Radial, Loop and MeshIntelligently navigates open lines, etc.DevelopmentsDetailed information for each nodeDetailed information for all linesAdditional parameters such as distance from primary S/S included

Future DevelopmentsReliability module to place faults around networkMake use of new network data (customers on a node)Output financial implications using data from RIIO/ED1Continue to develop framework for tools - easy analysis of the network through:tabulated datagraphs

CommunicationsGPRS – GPRS modem with customised chip connected to RTUs and Substations.Modem connected with RS232/485. Universal GPRS coverage.Have to setup with a mobile communications provider.Only charged when using and not continuously.Location dependent connection.

Telephone line – Using line from local provider such as BT.Costs include Setup, customer services, line rental.Expensive, as continuously paying, even when not using.Unreliable as broadcasting towers or lines going down, can cause problems. Not ideal especially for peak usage times.

The recommended common minimum functional requirements are:a) to provide readings to the customer and any third partb) to update reading frequently enough for the customerc) to allow remote readingd) to allow two-way communicatione) to allow reading to be taken frequently enough for network planning (smart grids)f) to support advanced tariffsg) to support on/off supply and/or flow and/or power limitationh) to provide secure data communicationi) to ensure fraud prevention and detectionj) to provide input/ export and reactive metering.

Smart MeteringMost households will have smart meters installed by their energy company between 2015 and 2020, although some energy companies are starting to install smart meters now. DECC Energy suppliers will be in charge of the roll-out of smart meters rather than distribution networks. cost £340 pounds per household. However, it will be recoup the money from the saving of the high bills.

Smart MeteringBenefits of smart

meteringBulk data from networkReal time Data Improve knowledge of disconnection of customersRemote readingKnowledge of DG on LV

Smart MeteringProject OutlineInvestigating methods of improving the reliability on 11kV Distribution Networks:Working in collaboration with WPD - Future InnovationLooking at a variety of methods Exploring both hardware and software optionsAssess the financial viability of each improvement

Set by OFGEM A method of setting the amount of money (allowed revenue) that can be earned by a DNODNO’s recover their allowed revenues from their charges to suppliers, who in turn pass these costs through to customers (16% of electricity bill)Revenues are set to allow DNO’s to recover their network operating costs, whilst earning a reasonable return

Revenue = Incentives + Innovation + Outputs, Electricity Distribution edition 1Price control commencing 2015-2023Performance based model for setting DNO’s price controls, to encourage DNO’s to:1) Put stakeholders at the heart of their decision making process2) Invest efficiently to ensure continued safe and reliable services3) Innovate to reduce network costs for current and future consumers4) Play a full role in delivering a low carbon economy and wider environmental objectives