At the forty-second session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI), informal consultations on
capacity-building under the Convention (agenda sub-item 9(a)) and capacity-building under the Kyoto Protocol (agenda
sub-item 9(b)) were co-facilitated by Mr. Bubu Jallow (The Gambia) and Mr. Kunihiko Shimada (Japan). During this
session Parties considered the issue of capacity-building for developing countries and discussed the terms of
reference for the third comprehensive review of the implementation of the framework for capacity-building in
developing countries. As they could not conclude their consideration of these two areas, they agreed they will
continue the discussions at SBI 43 (November–December 2015) on the basis of the draft texts contained in
the annexes of documents FCCC/SBI/2015/L.15 and FCCC/SBI/2015/L.16.

The SBI requested the secretariat to organize a workshop back-to-back with a session of the Ad Hoc Working
Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action, with a view to further discussing potential ways to enhance
capacity-building activities as expressed by Parties during this session.

During the eighth part of the second session of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action
(ADP 2.8), Parties are meeting to continue their work to advance the draft text of a new climate change agreement.
The capacity-building elements for a draft negotiating text contained in the annex to decision 1/CP.20 have been considered by
the contact group, whose work is captured in the texts below.

At the forty-first session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI), informal consultations on
capacity-building under the Convention (agenda sub-item 13(a)) and capacity-building under the Kyoto Protocol (agenda
sub-item 13(b)) were co-facilitated by Mr. Bubu Jallow (The Gambia) and Ms. Ulrika Raab (Sweden).

During these consultations, Parties welcomed the Summary report of the
3rd meeting of the Durban Forum and discussed the need to establish new institutional arrangements for
capacity-building. Parties could not conclude on the latter issue, and decided to continue consideration of the
matter at the next SBI session in June 2015, with a view to recommending a draft decision for consideration and
adoption by the Conference of the Parties at its twenty-first session (November–December 2015) and a draft
decision for consideration and adoption by the Conference of the Parties serving as meeting of the Parties to the
Kyoto Protocol at its eleventh session.

Conclusions adopted by the SBI in Lima are contained in documents FCCC/SBI/2014/L.40
(Capacity-building under the Convention) and FCCC/SBI/2014/L.41
(Capacity-building under the Kyoto Protocol).

During the June session 2014, capacity-building was covered in three different arenas:

the 40th session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI), where Parties resumed discussions suspended
in Warsaw (SBI 39) on capacity-building related matters under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol

a new session of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action and

Subsidiary Body for Implementation
Parties continued, but did not conclude, their consideration of capacity-building for developing countries
under the Convention and under the Kyoto Protocol. They agreed to continue working on this matter at SBI 41 (Lima, December
2014) on the basis of the draft decision texts contained in the annexes to documents FCCC/SBI/2014/L.13 and FCCC/SBI/2014/L.14, with a view to recommending draft decisions for consideration and
adoption at COP 20 / CMP 10.

Parties continued discussing issues regarding capacity-building, including on transparency requirements, during the
fourth part of the second session of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action (ADP
2-4) which were held from 10 to 14 March 2014 in Bonn, Germany

During the 39th session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI), Parties considered
the summary report on the 2nd meeting of the Durban
Forum and matters related to the capacity-building for developing countries under the Convention and the Kyoto
Protocol. As they did not conclude their discussions, Parties decided to continue negotiating
capacity-building matters at the next SBI session (SBI 40, June 2014). The basis for these discussions will be the
draft decision texts contained in the annexes of draft conclusions, one under the Convention and the
second under
the Kyoto Protocol. The objective will be to recommend, draft decisions for consideration and adoption by the
Conference of the Parties at its twentieth session, and by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of
the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol at its tenth session (December 2014).

Capacity-building was discussed during the third part of the second session of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the
Durban Platform for Enhanced Action (ADP 2-3). Parties emphasized the importance of capacity-building,
including the need to explore institutional arrangements, enhance country ownership, focus on development
priorities and facilitate the implementation of transparency requirements. Such discussions are captured in the
note by the Co-Chairs, ‘Reflections on progress made at the third part of the second session of the Ad Hoc
Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action and on its work in 2014’, available here

The Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI) opened on 3 June and closed on Friday, 14 June,
without governments formally adopting an agenda for the body’s work at this two-week session.
The 2nd meeting of the Durban Forum on Capacity Building took place on 4 and 6 June,
co-facilitated by Helen Plume (New Zealand) and Kishan Kumarsingh (Trinidad and Tobago). More information on
this meeting is available here.

Under the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI) Parties concluded the third review of the
implementation of the framework for capacity-building in countries with economies in transition. This resulted in
the adoption of decisions on the implementation of the framework in these countries under the Convention (decision
21/CP.18)
and under the Kyoto Protocol (decision 11/CMP.8).

The review found that significant progress has been made in building the capacity of countries with economies in
transition to mitigate and adapt to climate change. It further found that some of these countries are no longer
only recipients of assistance but have also started to transfer their own expertise, knowledge and lessons learned
on capacity-building to developing countries. Notwithstanding progress made, the decisions recognize the need for
further capacity-building in these counties, in particular for developing and implementing low-carbon development
strategies and for carrying out their commitments under the Kyoto Protocol. The fourth review of the implementation
of the framework for capacity-building in countries with economies in transition will take place in 2017.

Under the SBI, Parties further agreed that the Durban Forum on capacity-building, established by the Conference
of the Parties (COP) in 2011 (decision 2/CP.17), also provides an appropriate arrangement for sharing
experiences and exchanging ideas, best practices and lessons learned for capacity-building activities related to
the Kyoto Protocol. The relevant CMP decision is 10/CMP.8.

Parties also discussed the possibility of establishing a work programme on capacity-building under the Convention
for developing countries as contained in document FCCC/SBI/2012/L.42, and agreed to
continue deliberations on this issue at the Bonn Climate Change Conference in June 2013, with a view to recommending
a draft decision for adoption by COP 19.

The Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-Term Cooperative Action (AWG-LCA) concluded its work in Doha. In
the agreed outcome pursuant to the Bali Action Plan (decision 1/CP.18), the COP recognized the success of the first
meeting of the Durban Forum and decided that the second meeting shall explore ways to enhance the implementation of
capacity-building at the national level. The relevant COP decision is 1/COP.18.

In Bangkok, Parties discussed whether or not the negotiations on capacity-building issues under the AWG-LCA should
continue. The work of the AWG-LCA is expected to come to an end in December as the focus of
international negotiations begins to shift beyond 2012. Issues that reemerged at the AWG-LCA session in Bangkok
included the development of performance indicators and modalities for evaluation of capacity-building activities,
as well as the provision of financial resources to support this work. Details on Parties’ exchanges can be
found in the informal
overview note of the Chair.

The Bonn conference helped raise the profile of capacity-building in the climate change process.

One of the highlights was the inaugural meeting of the Durban Forum on Capacity-building. The meeting shed light on
the capacity-building work that has been happening on the ground and the challenges that lay ahead. It gave voice
to more than 200 participants from diverse backgrounds who came together to share experiences and good practices in
building the capacity of developing countries to address the causes and effects of climate change. Participants and
presenters spoke about the need to create a snowball effect, whereby capacity-building action builds on itself,
becoming larger and more effective as it goes. Some of them also highlighted the need for country-driven action, as
well as for the right project in the right place. Read the summary report of the meeting here.

Also in Bonn, the SBI initiated a third review of the implementation of the framework for
capacity-building in countries with economies in transition. The texts of
draft decisions, agreed unanimously during the discussions, were recommended by the SBI for adoption in
Doha.

The AWG-LCA noted the success of the first meeting of the Durban Forum. Some Parties highlighted
the need to further discuss the implementation of capacity-building and the use of performance indicators to
monitor and assess capacity-building. More details on the discussions can be found in the oral report of the AWG-LCA
Chair.

Under the SBI, Parties concluded the second review of the implementation of the framework for
capacity-building in developing countries. This resulted in the adoption of decisions on capacity-building under
the
Convention and under the Kyoto
Protocol. The review found that progress was made with respect to capacity-building in developing countries but
many gaps still remain. The review also reaffirmed that capacity-building should be a continuous process that is
participatory, country-driven and consistent with national priorities and circumstances. A third comprehensive
review of the implementation of the framework for capacity-building in developing countries will begin in June 2015
and should conclude by December the following year.

Under the AWG-LCA, Parties agreed to a decision that requests the SBI to continue working on ways
to further enhance the monitoring and review of the effectiveness of capacity-building, including through the newly
created Durban Forum on
capacity-building. The COP decided that the Durban Forum will take the form of an annual, in-session event open
to the participation of Parties, experts and practitioners from United Nations organizations, as well as
representatives from the private sector, intergovernmental organizations and non-governmental organizations,
including research and academia. The meetings of the Forum will give them the opportunity to exchange ideas and
share experiences, lessons learned and good practices on the implementation of capacity-building activities in
developing countries.

The decisions on capacity-building adopted in Durban by the COP and CMP reaffirm the importance of gender and
acknowledge the role and needs of youth and persons with disabilities in capacity-building activities.

Capacity-building negotiations under the AWG-LCA in Panama began with a three-hour in-depth discussion. Facilitators of informal
groups on the main thematic areas under the AWG-LCA, representatives of constituted bodies and the Global
Environment Facility made presentations on work relevant to capacity-building. Further to this in-depth discussion,
Parties presented proposals for a draft decision addressing the issues of monitoring and review of the
effectiveness of capacity-building, modalities regarding institutional arrangements for capacity-building,
capacity-building activities and reporting by Parties. The work of the negotiating group is contained in the
compilation of draft texts for a draft decision.

Parties focused their discussion under the AWG-LCA on two issues that needed to be considered at
the Durban Climate Change Conference at the end of 2011, namely: ways to further enhance the monitoring and review
of the effectiveness of capacity-building and modalities regarding institutional arrangements for
capacity-building. Parties noted difficulties in accessing and/or providing adequate information on
capacity-building for purposes of its monitoring and review. For Annex I Parties, capacity-building is well
integrated in projects on mitigation and adaptation and it is therefore a challenge to extract information on
funding dedicated specifically to capacity-building. For non-Annex I Parties, lack of capacity and weak
institutions at the national level impede the reporting on capacity-building activities undertaken and support
received. A summary of the discussions held during the meetings is contained in a note by
the facilitator.