Daily Archives: June 18, 2015

A society (congregatio) is an organized group of people living together in an ordered community with a particular purpose, interest, and activity. The society is also composed of social groups which have an interaction between one another and serve a specific goal and principle.

3 Elements of Society

Territory: Most countries have formal boundaries and territory that the world recognizes as theirs. However, the boundaries don’t need to have geopolitical borders, such as the border between the United States and Canada. Instead, both members and nonmembers of a society, must recognize the particular land as belonging to that society.

Interaction: Members of a society must come in contact with one another. If a person remains off or no regular contact with another person, therefore, these persons cannot be considered part of the one society. Geographic distance and language barriers can separate societies within a country.

Culture: People of the same society share aspects of their culture, such as language or beliefs. This refers to the language used by everyone in the society, their values, beliefs, behavior, and material objects that embody a people’s way of living. It is a defining element of society.

Society today has changed due to the different technological developments which propelled humans as well as the elements mentioned above, to be part of the new age.

An industrial society uses new sources of energy, rather than humans and animals, to use large apparatus. Industrialization began in the mid-1700s, when Great Britain first used a steam engine as a means of running other machines. The twentieth century made industrialized societies change dramatically:

People and goods traversed much longer distance because of innovations in transportation, such as the train and the steamship.

Population in rural areas is reducing due to the large mass of people who were engaged in factory work and had to move to the cities.

In agriculture, only few people were needed in the production of goods, and societies became urbanized, which means that the majority of the population lived within commuting distance of a major city.

Suburbs were raised around the cities to provide city-dwellers with alternative places to live.

The twentieth century brought sudden, but innovative changes in our society, including the people who live therein. Aside from having industries and modern inventions, we now have a more developed and more organized ways of transportation and communication.

As industrialized societies become more substantial, they evolve into large, impersonal mass societies. In a mass society, a person’s achievement is valued over kinship ties, and people often feel isolation. Personal incomes inflated, and there is absolute diversity among people.

Every society has expectations about how its members should and should not behave. A norm is a guideline or an expectation for behavior. Each society has its own rules for behavior and decides when those rules have been violated and what to do about it. Norms basically change on a regular basis.

How Norms Differ

Norms differ widely among societies, and they even differ from group to group within the same society.

Different settings:Wherever we go, expectations towards behavior come first. Even within the same society, these norms change from setting to setting.

Different countries:Norms are specific to places, and what is considered appropriate in one country may be considered highly inappropriate in another.

Different time periods:Appropriate and inappropriate behavior often changes dramatically from generation to generation. Norms can and do shift over time.

Norm Categories

Sociologists differentiated four categories of norm:

1. Folkways

A folkway is a norm of everyday behavior that people follow for the sake of convenience or tradition. Folkways are a practice done by people. Violating a folkway does not usually have serious consequences.

2. Mores

A more (pronounced MORE-ay) is a norm situated on morality, or the definition of right and wrong. Since mores have moral importance, people violating a more usually results in disapproval.

3. Laws

A law is a norm that is enacted and promulgated by a legitimate authority. Violating these laws will result in a specific sanction and punishment.

Sports were created for a purpose of letting people live not just for fun, but can also be a goal-oriented individual. Sports are for healthy living, in a sense that it helps the mind think fast, strengthen the bones and muscles of the body, and carries out chronic diseases. Misuse of sports may sometimes create disadvantages for a person.

Playing sports helps you stay in shape, teaches you how to organize your time, boosts friendships, and builds relationships with your peers and adults. Through athletics, you gain skills that can best be acquired on a court, track, or field.

Research interest on the effects of physical activity on health dates back to the 1950’s with a breakthrough in the scientific evidence on the health benefits of physical activity. It largely took place during the 1980s and 1990s. There is an overwhelming amount of scientific evidence on the positive effects of sport and physical activity as part of a healthy lifestyle. The positive, direct effects of engaging in regular physical activity are particularly apparent in the prevention of several chronic diseases, including: cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, hypertension, obesity, depression and osteoporosis.

Below are the facts about sports:

Friendship

Playing sports enable a person to build friendship with his playmate. Sports bring teens together from different schools, backgrounds, and communities. Many times, the friendships you create on the field remain intact even when you are not playing sports.

Family

Family’s with tight bonds are usually found in sports. The constant support of your parents helps you to feel good about yourself and strengthens your connection to them. As a teen, it is not always easy to find time to spend time with your parents. Sports give you and your parents’ time to appreciate one another.

Coaches

The one who puts you in the game is the one who can make you win your game. Your coach pushes you to become a stronger player. The relationship that you develop with your coach is very important to the success of the team. Positive coaching helps to bring the team together, and gives players the right tools to push themselves academically and physically.

Health

To be a good athlete, you must take care of yourself. This gets you thinking about what to eat and how to treat your body to achieve peak performance levels. Improving at a sport requires memorization, repetition and learning, and honing these skill sets can carry over into other activities, including your job. Playing a sport also boosts self-esteem. Watching hard work rewarded with improved abilities and better results in competitions proves that you can set goals and achieve them.

Sports Nutrition

When engaging in sports for the first time, you may feel hungrier than usual. This is normal, because your body is expending much more energy than it is used to. Here are some nutrition tips to help keep you healthy while you participate in sports.

Eat fat. About 20 to 25 percent of energy comes from fats, so to keep energy levels high. Your body needs you to consume fat.

Make sure to eat before, during, and after your sport. The helps maintain blood glucose levels, which in turn will help enhance your sports performance.

Keep hydrated! When playing a sport, your body loses a lot of fluid, which can cause dehydration. This is dangerous and potentially fatal, so drink plenty of water.

Eat a balanced diet. An athlete’s diet should include plenty of complex carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and fats.

Limit salt and simple sugar.

Don’t fast!

School

It’s a common misconception that being both a student and an athlete is hard, if not impossible. Participating in sports can actually have a positive impact on school. There are many athletes do better academically. Sports force you to organize your time so that you can both go to practice and finish your homework. The key is finding a balance. If you can learn to organize your time then you can succeed in both.

Leadership Skills

Being in a team makes you a good leader and also a good follower. Sports teams give you an opportunity to surround yourself with competitive people and role models, and learn from them both. You can demonstrate your own leadership through team captainships and individual actions to improve your team’s success.

Cutting of the opening ribbon in large companies is primarily done by the Chief Executive Officer, the head of the company. It is a sign that the company is open and is ready for business. Before large industries become tall buildings, it first started as a small business with just a rented office space.

Improving your business needs a good planning, preparation, and insight. In Texas, small businesses continue to thrive due to a variety of factors, including excellent geographic location, highly-skilled workforce, low tax burden, reasonable cost of living, predictable regulatory environment, and legacy of being wide open for business.

Note that new business owners should not hesitate to seek the guidance of a professional tax consultant, accountant, and attorney to help verify that all legal requirements are met before operating a business.

Why not start a business in Texas?

Business Structure and Name

Decide on a structure of your business. Once you settle on a legal structure, you will need to properly record the business name with the state and county. In the State of Texas, there are several legal options for setting up your business structure. Given the legal implications when choosing your business structure, new business owners should always seek the guidance of a professional tax consultant, accountant, and/or attorney to verify all legal requirements are met before choosing a business structure.

Legal Business Structures in the State of Texas

Sole Proprietorship

General Partnership

Limited Partnership

Registered Limited Liability Partnership

Limited Liability Company

Corporation

Decide on the type of business structure right for your situation. Sole proprietor and general partnerships may seem like easy choices, however, consider one of the corporate models, such as a limited liability company, LLC, which separates your personal assets, such as your house, from your business. This is important if the business defaults on debt or issued.

Where you register your business will depend on the business structure you choose. Sole proprietors and general partnerships register in their county; corporations file with the Texas Secretary of State.

A name may not be used by more than one corporation in the state. The Secretary of State will perform a name search to verify that no other corporation, limited partnership, or limited liability company in Texas is using the exact name selected.

Business Tax Responsibilities

Determine the potential tax responsibilities of the new business on the federal, state, and local level. Determine the federal, state, and local tax obligations. It is strongly recommended that a professional tax advisor, accountant, and/or attorney be consulted before starting a business.

Business Licenses and Permits by Business Type

Determine necessary licenses, permits, certifications, registrations, and authorizations for a specific business on the federal, state, and local level. The State of Texas does not require a general “business” license. However, there are a number of regulatory agencies that have licensing and permitting requirements based on the type of service, or products associated with your business.

Business Employer Requirements

There are various laws relating to employment of personnel. The final step in starting a business is determining the federal and state employer requirements. As an employer, you have labor, safety, and tax obligations.