Energy consumption is a dominant constraint on the performance of modern microprocessors and systems-on-chip. Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) is a promising technique for performing… (More)

This paper reviews the remarkable developments of the magnetic tunnel junction over the last decade and in particular, work aimed at demonstrating its potential for a dense, fast, and nonvolatile… (More)

Spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) is one of the most promising emerging non-volatile memory technologies. MRAM has so far been demonstrated with a unique combination of… (More)

In this paper, we report the first demonstration of CMOS-integrated racetrack memory. The devices measured are complete memory cells integrated into the back end of line of IBM 90 nm CMOS. We show… (More)

We compare model predictions for 1/f noise in dc SQUIDs with experimental data and show that the 1/f noise in the our devices results from fluctuations in the magnitude of the critical current of the… (More)