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In the mountains, permafrost stabilizes rock slopes, moraines and debris-covered slopes. For instance, moraines consist of loose sediment often held together by permafrost. When permafrost thaws, slopes become more vulnerable to erosion. Debris and

In the Hindu Kush Himalayan region, many people live near permafrost or in areas potentially affected by changes in permafrost. Permafrost is ground material at or below 0°C for two or more years. The near-surface layer above it thaws during the