Experiment is conducted and calculations are performed grounding the possibility of creating a low-intensity proton generator based on nuclear reaction. The necessity in such a proton source is defined by the need of conducting long-term testings and by the absence of appropriate equipment.

The use of atomic energy in Bulgaria is under regulation since 1985 by the Atomic Energy Law. The main points of the Law are discussed and some deficiencies are pointed out. The ratification of the Vienna and Paris conventions has contributed to updating the legislation. The participation in international projects related to the use of atomic energy and nuclear safety in particular is revised. Future development of nuclear energy in Bulgaria depends mainly on successful reconstruction, modernization and safety enhancement of the Kozloduy NPP and development of a national grid of technical and consultant firms.

Device for high-temperature X-ray diffraction analysis, containing a vacuum chamber with a window for X-ray transit, in which sample- and standard-holders, heater, thermal shields and means for standard and sample temperature measurement are located, is proposed. In order to increase the working temperature level and the structural change detection accuracy the heater is located between the sample- and standard-holders. The standard-holder is linked with the mechanism of control of its position in relation to the heater. The device is intended for investigating phase transformations by differential thermal analysis method with the simultaneous diffraction pattern detection using X-ray diffractometry method.

Indane and carbazole derivatives, poly conjugated azomethine, bis-benzimidazole were studied as chemical additives. Photo stabilizing effect was studied as well. It was found that photo stabilizing effect doesn't depend on nature of functional groups of substituent in aromatic nucleus and specified by length and efficiency of conjugation chains.

The anthology is devoted to practical problems of oceanic hydraulic engineering which arise during design and construction of specialized oceanic hydraulic structures to be erected and used in the shelf zones of seas and oceans. Most of the articles deal with studying the external effect of rough waters, impacts from ships and ice floes on floating and stationary hydraulic structures for developing a shelf. A great deal of attention is also given to the hydrodynamic and anchoring of floating hydraulic structures. The information reflects the current status of the problems of designing and building production facilities for developing a continental shelf.

A design of a universal container providing for the storage of toxic and radioactive waste with the hydrogen index from 2 to 12 pH has been developed. The construction is based on the lining of stone casting with high density and corrosion-resistance indices ensuring leak-proofness and operation reliability of the container under long terms of storage of agressive materials.

GridCom - the software package for maintenance of automation of access to means of distributed system Grid (jobs and data). The client part, executed in the form of Java-applets, realises the Web-interface access to Grid through standard browsers. The executive part Lexor (LCG Executor) is started by the user in UI (User Interface) machine providing performance of Grid operations

The portable scintillated gamma-spectrometer for field measurement of radioactivity in the volume objects was designed. The crystal CdWO{sub 4} that has weak dependence of light yield from temperature in combination with PMT was applied as the gamma-rays detector. The design of the device provides the possibility for measuring radioactivity of the extensive objects in 4{pi}-geometry without background measurements. In this case the value of the efficiency needed for specific activity calculation in close approximation depends only from crystal geometry and density of measuring object and may be set as the device parameter without efficiency calibration procedure during the operation. The spectrometer does not have an auxiliary radio-active source and connecting cables in the composition. The smartphone operated under Windows Mobile is used as the control module. Bluetooth connection provides data exchange between smartphone and measurement head.

Paper presents a description of two modifications of high-volt power sources described for preamplifier on UV-273A type travelling wave tube (TWT). Power source where anode power circuit contains semiconducting high-volt switch on thyristors was designed to average pulse mode of TWT operation. Time of switching-in this power circuit constitutes 20 mcs. 2 refs.

Paper describes electronic system of designed to record extensive atmospheric showers based on application of Cherenkov counters. Modules of preamplifier and PM divider, amplifier-scanner of two channel unit of precise time correlation, 8-channel time coder with 0.5 ns channel width and 14-input master unit are developed to realize the suggested operating circuit. 2 refs.

Describes design and operation of the STs fire alarm station developed by the Spetsavtomatika plant in Minsk and successfully tested in the Borodino surface coal mine. The station consists of 14 measuring circuits with the measuring cycle not longer than 4 s. The station detects fires at earthmoving and haulage equipment, cuts off energy supply to fire zones and activates fire extinguishing equipment. The station will be manufactured on a commercial scale. 2 refs.

A new type of steel has been developed, containing 0.11-0.20% N and less than 0.05% C, the sum of both components being within the range 0.16-0.26%. The metal has an austenite-martensite structure with 10-30% austenite content. Samples obtained by counter-pressure casting have been investigated with respect to the influence of the thermal treatment on mechanical properties. The best properties are obtained when applying hardening by heating at 1050{sup o} C and cooling at 550{sup o} C: fluidity limit R{sub 0}.2>=850 MPa, relative elongation A>=15%, relative shortening Z>=50%, impact viscosity KCU >= 588 kJ/m{sup 2} at critical temperature of brittleness

The use of neutron scattering to study the structure of materials used in portable power sources (mainly lithium-ion batteries) and to examine the structural changes of these materials during the electrochemical processes is reviewed. We consider the applications of several basic techniques: diffraction, small angle and inelastic neutron scattering, neutron reflectometry and neutron imaging. The experimental facilities that already exist in advanced neutron sources and a series of representative experiments are reviewed. The results of some studies of lithium-containing materials and lithium-ion batteries performed at the IBR-2 pulsed research reactor at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna) are presented.

Variants of arrangement of the Centre of processing and burial of low-and middle-active RAW and a design of storages have been considered. Types of burials and kinds of tanks have been determined with regard for the properties providing for both safety and economical storage of RAW and depending on radionuclide composition of waste placed to them.

Consideration is given to the first experience in using direct magnification roentgenography for diagnosis of navicular bone fracture and for evaluation of dynamics of reparative processes in carpal bones. Roentgenograms were made by portable X-ray apparatus REIS-D with 9-fold direct magnification. The use of the given type of roentgenography demonstrated its ample scope for both diagnosis of navicular bone fractures and for evaluation of the process of their adhesion.

This publication provides guidance on establishing a high standard chemistry programme in accordance with plant safety policy and regulatory requirements. It will be useful to managers of operating organizations and other staff responsible for supporting or monitoring plant activities and for oversight of the plant chemistry programme, as well as to regulatory bodies. Contents: 1. Introduction; 2. Functions, responsibilities and interfaces; 3. Chemistry programme; 4. Chemistry control; 5. Chemistry aspects of radiation exposure optimization; 6. Chemistry surveillance; 7. Management of chemistry data; 8. Training and qualification; 9. Quality control of chemicals and other substances.

Results of an experimental investigation into the changes of insulation resistance, capacitance and tangent of force cable dielectric loss angle under separate and combined action of gamma radiation and increased humidity of the environment are presented.

Dependence of radiation electric conductivity transformer oil on the gamma radiation absorbed dose rate and on the energy proton flux is investigated. It is ascertained that the electrical reliability of oil and oil-barrier insulation does not depend on the absorbed dose rate up to the maximum achieved values of 200 rad/s.

Results of an experimental investigation into an irreversible change of insulation resistance, capacitance and tangent of force cable dielectric loss angle under effect of continuous gamma radiation within the certain dose range are presented. In cables with polyethylene insulation dependence of the critical dose on the dose rate in the range investigated is in the for of the function degrees with a degree index of approximately 0.7.

This article presents the results of studies of the nitrogen-containing chemical pollutants of the soil 30 km zone nuclear power plant in order to evaluate the chemical carcinogenic risk to public health. As a result of this work the least amount of NDMA fixed at 0,83 × 10{sup -4} mg/kg, the highest - 128,29 × 10{sup -4} mg/kg, which is 0,83 and 128,3 %, respectively, of Madman established in the Russian Federation and Republic of Kazakhstan, the content of NDMA precursors - nitrite ions varies from 0,07 to 4,43 mg/kg. Found that most of the compounds reported in agricultural land. Calculate the total carcinogenic risk for the population living in the region - the set value corresponds to the maximum risk tolerance, i. e. the upper limit of acceptable risk. These levels are subject to continuous monitoring. (authors)

Constructional features and characteristics of new warehouse equipment are described which were developed by Donetsk Scientific Research Coal Institute in cooperation with other establishments. Experience is reviewed in the use of: turning platforms (PPG3); lifting-hoisting units (PTU); motor-hydraulic grab (MGK3M); fork-lift racks ZOD; complex KLT for mechanization of operations in timber yards; chain conveyors (T2Ts); cyclone bunkers; preparation of support timber (sawing units PRK, SRT); devices for packing and conveying timber, concrete and other materials; equipment for warehouses (racks UN, UP, KB) and others. The equipment is widely used in UkSSR Minugleprom stores and provides safer working conditions.

For the problem teaching purpose the computer-integrated environments are developed for simulation of electronic circuits. CIE for study of typical analog electronic circuits called STUDENT`s MODULE are described. Simulation of electronic circuits carried out by means of the analog simulator PSPICE. 9 refs.; 3 figs.

A new type of carrier for immobilization of reagent-fibrous materials of polyacrylonitrile fiber filled with fine-dispersed ion exchanger during formation- was suggested when creating sensitive element of optical sensor for lead (2) and thorium(4). The highest sensitivity and contrast are achieved in color reactions with xylenol orange, immobilized on weak-base anion-exchanger. Detection limits are decreased down to 2x10{sup -8}M, the range of determined concentrations -5x10{sup -8}-1x10{sup -6} M, reproducibility Sr 0.05-0.10, the response forms during 1-10 minutes.

A device and a principle of work of an experimental prototype of a mobile plant intended for immediate hardening of low volumes (to 10 l) of liquid radioactive waste with low level of activity at the enterprises have been described.

Full Text Available The article provides an overview of accidents in the Kuzbass mines in the last 16 years related to the collapse of the rubble and excavations. A modern state of the performance of rescue operations in case of caving and blockages is described. Scientific research in the field of mine rescue work, in particular the availability of effective means of mechanization to eliminate blockages in overseas coal mines, has not given positive results, except for information that in this case, the light, portable machines with manual drive. The concept of creating a mobile multifunctional equipment (device for mechanization of disassembly and elimination of blockages is outlined. The requirements for the creation of mobile multifunctional equipment are formulated. A device (mine-rescue complex is proposed, which can be the basis for the development of new means of mechanization of mine rescue work in the event of the elimination of debris. It is noted that the creation of the complex will allow: to shorten the time for the search and release of people from the dam, to provide them with the first medical aid and to ensure people's escape from the obstruction; ensure the safety of mine rescue work and the safety of life and health of mine rescuers; reduce or completely eliminate heavy manual labor; in a short time to eliminate blockages and caving in order to restore the life support of the enterprise; increase the prestige of the profession of a mine rescuer, - reduce social tension in emergency situations. The name of the new development "Creation of a mobile multifunctional mine rescue complex with robotic elements (MMGSK" is defined. An opinion on a possible performer on the creation of this innovative work is presented.

Analysis of the method of forecasting the threshold strain degradation during active functioning of MOST using ionizing radiation is conducted. Problems of practical application of the method and its modification for determining the MOST working capacity under low-intensity radiation effect are discussed.

Description and parameters of a converter produced on the base of EhLU-4 linear electron accelerators allowing one to obtain an intensive flux of pulsed Bremsstrahlung for radiation investigation are presented.

Report presents the current state-of art in developing safety reports and probabilistic safety analyses for WWER NPPs operated in Russia. Development of these reports and implementation of PSA is done according to the requirements outlined in the basic document `General Statement on Ensuring safety (OPB). At present submitting safety reports to the regulatory authority GAN RF is mandatory for licensing NPPs. Current state of safety reports for the operating WWER type NPPs meets generally the effective Russian standard engineering documents which are approaching the international standards. A mechanism ensuring correspondence of the safety documentation to the current state of operating units is determined. Modernization of the operating units is underway, it is aimed to eliminate existing deviations from requirements of the modern standards in the field of NPP safety

Full Text Available Sokolov’s Shkola dlya Durakov (A School for Fools, 1976 is an extremely complex novel, which “depicts [the] world”, as D. Barton Johnson (1986:640[1] poignantly observes, “through the eyes, and pure, if eccentric, language, of a schizophrenic youth”. How is it possible to translate such linguistic features and the effects they create into another medium? This question lies at the core of my proposal, which aims to approach the problem of intermedial translation from prose to theatre through the presentation of an individual case-study. In fact, A School for Fools has been staged by the director Andrey Moguchy (Formalny Theatre, Saint Petersburg, Russia. With the intention of reproducing Sokolov’s aesthetic construction of illusion, Moguchy introduces a new genre in the theatrical context, the so-called “vizualnaya associaciya” (“visual association”. As the director explained in a recent interview, this original genre recalls the Impressionists’ position in observing and representing nature, in order to obtain the same effectgenerated by the reading of the novel. To comprehend this process better, special attention is devoted to the construction of unusual, hybrid characters, highlighting their constitutive features both in the novel and in the theatrical adaptation. Moreover, this research seeks to enrich discussion of the work of Sokolov and Moguchy. [1] Johnson, D. Barton (1986 “Sasha Sokolov's Twilight Cosmos: Themes and Motifs”, in: Slavic Review, 45, 4 (Winter 1986, pp. 639-649.