Manager Charlie Comiskey finally was able to assemble and direct a team from start to finish the way he wanted.[citation needed] The result: a runaway championship.

The team was built on daring baserunning, clutch hitting, and the best pitching in the league. The team as a whole led the league in both earned run average and overall runs allowed by a healthy margin over second-best Louisville.[1] Individually, Dave Foutz was outstanding, as he won 33 of the 46 games he started and ranked fifth in ERA. His teammate Bob Caruthers was even better, compiling league-leading totals in wins (40), ERA (2.07) and winning percentage (a stellar .755).[2]

The Browns took over first place to stay in the second week of May, but they made a joke of the race in July. On successive home stands, they had winning streaks of 17 and 10 games, combining for a major-league record 27-game winning streak at home that still stands as the best ever.[3] They finished 16 laps ahead of second-place Cincinnati Red Stockings and earned a berth in the World Series against National League champion Chicago White Stockings.

Game 1 between the Browns and White Stockings was called for darkness tied 5–5 after eight innings. The Series turned with Game 2 in St. Louis. Chicago was leading 5–4 in the sixth inning when Comiskey pulled his team off the field in protest of the work of umpire Dave Sullivan. Sullivan later forfeited the game to Chicago.

After Foutz pitched St. Louis to a 13–4 victory, however, Anson reneged, and the baseball world called the series a draw.

Game 1 (October 14): Darkness ends game one after 8 innings‚ with the teams tied 5–5.

Game 2 (October 15): With Chicago leading 5–4 in the sixth inning, Browns manager Charles Comiskey calls his team off the field to protest a ruling made by umpire Dave Sullivan. The game is forfeited to Chicago.

Game 6 (October 23): The series moves from Pittsburgh to Cincinnati‚ setting a record for the series played in the most cities. (It was also played in New York and St. Louis.) Chicago takes a 3–2 series lead by beating the Browns 9–2.

Game 7 (October 24): Behind pitcher Dave Foutz, St. Louis defeats Chicago 13–4 in the 7th and last game. The Browns claim the game 2 forfeit didn't count and therefore claim the championship. The two clubs split the $1000 prize.[3]

1.
Sportsman's Park
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Sportsmans Park was the name of several former Major League Baseball ballpark structures in the central United States, in St. Louis, Missouri. All but one of these were located on the piece of land, at the northwest corner of Grand Boulevard and Dodier Street. The physical street address was 2911 North Grand Boulevard, in 1923, the stadium hosted St. Louiss first NFL team, the St. Louis All-Stars. Baseball was played on the Sportsmans Park site as early as 1867, the tract was acquired in 1866 by August Solari, who began staging games there the following year. It was the home of the St. Louis Brown Stockings in the National Association, originally called the Grand Avenue Ball Grounds. Some sources say the field was renamed Sportsmans Park in 1876, the local papers also still used the alternate name Grand Avenue Park until at least 1885. The first grandstand—one of three on the built in 1881. At that time, the diamond and the grandstands were on the southeast corner of the block, the park was leased by the then-major American Association entry, the St. Louis Brown Stockings, or Browns. The Browns were a strong team in the mid-1880s. When the National League absorbed the strongest of the old Association teams in 1892, soon they went looking for a new ballpark, finding a site just a few blocks northwest of the old one, and calling it New Sportsmans Park, which was later renamed Robison Field. They also changed colors from Brown to Cardinal Red, thus acquiring a new nickname. When the American League Browns moved from Milwaukee in 1902, they built a new version of Sportsmans Park and they initially placed the diamond and the main stand at the northwest corner of the block. This Sportsmans Park saw football history made and it became both the practice field and home field for Saint Louis University football teams, coached by the visionary Eddie Cochems, father of the forward pass. These included a 39–0 thrashing of Iowa before a crowd of 12,000, robinson launched an amazingly long pass in the game against the Jayhawks, which was variously reported to have traveled 67 or 87 yards in the air. College Football Hall of Fame coach David M. Nelson called the extraordinary, considering the size, shape and weight of the fat. Sports historian John Sayle Watterson agreed, in his book, College Football, History, Spectacle, Controversy, Watterson described Robinsons long pass as truly a breathtaking achievement. St. Louis finished with an 11–0 record in 1906, outscoring its opponents 407–11, the previous wooden grandstand was retained as left-field bleachers for a while, but was soon replaced with permanent bleachers. The Cardinals came back to their home in mid-1920, as tenants of the Browns, after abandoning the outdated

2.
St. Louis
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St. Louis is an independent city and major U. S. port in the state of Missouri, built along the western bank of the Mississippi River, on the border with Illinois. Prior to European settlement, the area was a regional center of Native American Mississippian culture. The city of St. Louis was founded in 1764 by French fur traders Pierre Laclède and Auguste Chouteau, in 1764, following Frances defeat in the Seven Years War, the area was ceded to Spain and retroceded back to France in 1800. In 1803, the United States acquired the territory as part of the Louisiana Purchase, during the 19th century, St. Louis developed as a major port on the Mississippi River. In the 1870 Census, St. Louis was ranked as the 4th-largest city in the United States and it separated from St. Louis County in 1877, becoming an independent city and limiting its own political boundaries. In 1904, it hosted the Louisiana Purchase Exposition and the Summer Olympics, the economy of metro St. Louis relies on service, manufacturing, trade, transportation of goods, and tourism. This city has become known for its growing medical, pharmaceutical. St. Louis has 2 professional sports teams, the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball, the city is commonly identified with the 630-foot tall Gateway Arch in Downtown St. Louis. The area that would become St. Louis was a center of the Native American Mississippian culture and their major regional center was at Cahokia Mounds, active from 900 AD to 1500 AD. Due to numerous major earthworks within St. Louis boundaries, the city was nicknamed as the Mound City and these mounds were mostly demolished during the citys development. Historic Native American tribes in the area included the Siouan-speaking Osage people, whose territory extended west, European exploration of the area was first recorded in 1673, when French explorers Louis Jolliet and Jacques Marquette traveled through the Mississippi River valley. Five years later, La Salle claimed the region for France as part of La Louisiane. The earliest European settlements in the area were built in Illinois Country on the east side of the Mississippi River during the 1690s and early 1700s at Cahokia, Kaskaskia, migrants from the French villages on the opposite side of the Mississippi River founded Ste. In early 1764, after France lost the 7 Years War, Pierre Laclède, the early French families built the citys economy on the fur trade with the Osage, as well as with more distant tribes along the Missouri River. The Chouteau brothers gained a monopoly from Spain on the fur trade with Santa Fe, French colonists used African slaves as domestic servants and workers in the city. In 1780 during the American Revolutionary War, St. Louis was attacked by British forces, mostly Native American allies, the founding of St. Louis began in 1763. Pierre Laclede led an expedition to set up a fur-trading post farther up the Mississippi River, before then, Laclede had been a very successful merchant. For this reason, he and his trading partner Gilbert Antoine de St. Maxent were offered monopolies for six years of the fur trading in that area

3.
Chris von der Ahe
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Christian Friedrich Wilhelm von der Ahe was a German entrepreneur, best known as the owner of the St. Louis Brown Stockings of the American Association, now known as the St. Louis Cardinals. Von der Ahe arrived in New York City but quickly moved to St. Louis, later, he bought out the store owner and expanded business by establishing a saloon in the back of the store. He named the team the Browns and hired future Chicago White Sox owner Charles Comiskey to play first base, Von der Ahe took a very active role in the team, even though he knew almost nothing about baseball. He was the first baseball owner with a significant public persona, with his thick German accent bushy mustache and showmanship, he was as much of a story as his players. The Browns dominated the American Association, winning four league championships starting in 1885, and the baseball, beer. He made $500,000 off the team alone. He set the price at 25 cents, hoping fans would spend money on beer. As a result, the Browns led the league in attendance, the term fan is sometimes attributed to von der Ahe. In 1885, von der Ahe erected a statue outside of Sportsmans Park, not of any of his star players. A sportswriter from Denver mockingly dubbed the statue Von der Ahe discovers Illinois, although eccentric, von der Ahe made a number of innovations, including operating a farm club called the St. Louis Whites. Also, tradition holds that von der Ahe was the first to sell hot dogs at the ballpark, Von der Ahe billed himself as the Millionaire Sportsman. In 1887, after a showing in the World Series. In 1891, he was majority owner of the Cincinnati Kellys Killers which played for part of one season in the American Association. In 1892 the team joined the National League after the American Association folded, by this time, Comiskey had lost patience with von der Ahe and left for the Cincinnati Reds. Without Comiskey, the Browns quickly became a last-place team, legal problems plagued von der Ahes ownership, especially in the later years. The league, which prohibited gambling on its grounds, disapproved of the race track, the press called the facility Coney Island West and nicknamed von der Ahe Von der Ha Ha. With losses still piling up, von der Ahe resorted to selling off his best players, in 1898, part of the ballpark burned down during an April game with Chicago, his second wife divorced him, and his bondsman kidnapped him for not paying his debts. In a highly publicized trial connected with the fire, von der Ahe lost his baseball team, the Browns changed hands twice and changed their name twice, first to the Perfectos and then to the Cardinals

4.
Charles Comiskey
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Charles Albert Charlie Comiskey, also nicknamed Commy or The Old Roman, was an American Major League Baseball player, manager and team owner. He was a key person in the formation of the American League, Comiskey Park, the White Sox storied baseball stadium, was built under his guidance and named for him. Comiskey was inducted as an executive into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1939, Comiskey was born on August 15,1859, in Chicago, the son of Illinois politician John Comiskey. He attended public and parochial schools in Chicago, St. Ignatius College Prep and he played baseball at St. Comiskey started his playing career as a pitcher, and moved to first base after developing arm trouble. He is credited with being the first to play hitters off of first base and he entered the American Association in 1882 with the St. Louis Brown Stockings. He managed the team during parts of its first seasons and took over full-time in 1885, leading the Browns to four consecutive American Association championships and a close second in 1889. He also played and managed for the Chicago Pirates in the Players League, the Browns again, Comiskey left Cincinnati and the majors in fall 1894 to purchase the Western League club in Sioux City, Iowa and move it to Saint Paul, Minnesota. He had compiled a.264 batting average with 29 home runs,883 RBI and 419 stolen bases, as a manager, he posted an 839-542 record. The St. Paul Saints moved to the South Side as the White Stockings of the renamed American League for the 1900 season, the American League then declared itself a major league starting in 1901. As owner of the White Sox from 1900 until his death in 1931, Comiskey oversaw building Comiskey Park in 1910 and winning five American League pennants, Comiskey was notoriously stingy, even forcing his players to pay to launder their own uniforms. Traci Peterson notes that, in an era when professional athletes lacked free agency and she writes, Charles Risberg and Claude Williams made less than $3,000 a year. Joe Jackson and George Weaver made only $6,000 a year, eddie Cicotte had been promised a $10,000 bonus if he could win 30 games in a season. When Cicotte closed in on the 30-game goal, Comiskey had him benched to keep him from reaching the mark, Comiskeys stated reason for having manager Kid Gleason bench Cicotte was that with the Sox headed for the World Series he had to protect his star pitchers arm. In one incident, he promised his players a bonus for winning the 1919 pennant — the bonus turned out to be a case of flat champagne, however, he initially defended the accused players and, in an unusual display of largesse, provided them with expensive legal representation. Indeed, the White Sox promptly tumbled into seventh place and would not be a factor in a pennant race again until 1936, five years after Comiskeys death. Comiskey is sometimes credited with the innovation of playing the first base position behind first base or inside the foul line, later he had played a large role in the dissolution of the National Commission, baseballs former body of authority, following a quarrel with Ban Johnson. He was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1939, Comiskey died in Eagle River, Wisconsin in 1931. Comiskeys son J. Louis inherited the team but died a few years later, the trustees of his estate were going to sell the team, but J. Louis widow Grace was able to gain control of the team and avoid a sale

5.
St. Louis Cardinals
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The St. Louis Cardinals are an American professional baseball team based in St. Louis, Missouri. The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the National League Central division. Busch Stadium has been their home ballpark since 2006, with origins as one of the early professional baseball clubs in St. Upon the discontinuation of the AA, St. Louis joined the NL in 1892, at time, they were called the Browns. One of the most successful franchises in history, the Cardinals have won 11 World Series championships. Their 19 National League pennants rank third in NL history, in addition, St. Louis has won 13 division titles in the East and Central divisions. While still in the AA, St. Louis won four league championships, the Cardinals have won 105 or more games in four different seasons and won 100 or more a total of nine times. Cardinals players have won 20 league MVPs, four batting Triple Crowns, and three Cy Young Awards. Baseball Hall of Fame inductees include Lou Brock, Dizzy Dean, Bob Gibson, Whitey Herzog, Rogers Hornsby, Joe Medwick, Stan Musial, Branch Rickey, Red Schoendienst, Ozzie Smith, and Bruce Sutter. In 2016, Forbes valued the Cardinals at $1.6 billion, making them the 7th-most valuable franchise in MLB, their revenue the year was $300 million. Since their purchase in 1995, owner William DeWitt, Jr. s investment group has seen enormous growth from the $147 million purchase price, John Mozeliak is the general manager and Mike Matheny is the manager. Professional baseball began in St. Louis with the inception of the Brown Stockings in the National Association in 1875, the NA folded following that season, and the next season, St. Louis joined the National League as a charter member, finishing in third place at 45-19. George Bradley hurled the first no-hitter in Major League history, the NL expelled St. Louis from the league after 1877 due to a game-fixing scandal and the team went bankrupt. Without a league, they continued play as a barnstorming team through 1881. For the 1882 season, Chris von der Ahe purchased the team, reorganized it, and made it a member of the American Association. 1882 is generally considered to be the first year existence of the St. Louis Cardinals, the next season, St. Louis shortened their name to the Browns. Soon thereafter they became the dominant team in the AA, as manager Charlie Comiskey guided St. Louis to four pennants in a row from 1885 to 1888. Pitcher and outfielder Bob Caruthers led the league in ERA and wins in 1885 and he also led the AA in OBP and OPS in 1886 and finished fourth in batting average in 1886 and fifth in 1887

6.
Pennant (sports)
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A pennant is a commemorative flag typically used to show support for a particular athletic team. Pennants have been used in all types of athletic levels, high school, collegiate. Traditionally, pennants were made of felt and fashioned in the colors of a particular team. Often graphics, usually the mascot symbol, as well as the name were displayed on pennants. The images displayed on pennants were either stitched on with contrasting colored felt or had screen-printing, today, vintage pennants with rare images or honoring special victories have become prized collectibles for sporting enthusiasts. While pennants are typically associated with teams, pennants have also been made to honor institutions and vacation spots. In Major League Baseball, a pennant typically refers to such a flag flown specifically by the National League or American League championship team of a given season, the last few weeks of the regular American professional baseball season are known as a pennant race. This is a holdover from the time when the championships were determined by the team with the best record at the end of the regular season. In Australian sports, the flag is used in the same context. The pennant is waved around in the crowd to support to the sport team they are cheering for

7.
1885 World Series
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The 1885 World Series was an end-of-the-year playoff series between the National League champion Chicago White Stockings and American Association champion St. Louis Browns. The Series was played in four different cities and it ended in a disputed 3–3. Game 1, Congress Street Grounds, Chicago — Darkness ended game 1 after 8 innings‚ with the teams tied 5–5. Game 2, Sportsmans Park, St. Louis — With Chicago leading 5–4 in the sixth inning, the game was forfeited to Chicago. Game 3, Sportsmans Park, St. Louis — St. Louis won, game 4, Sportsmans Park, St. Louis — St. Louis won, 3–2. Game 5, Recreation Park, Pittsburgh — The fifth game was played at Pittsburgh, the weather was cold and not over 500 people were present. The Chicagos won easily through superior batting and fielding, at the end of the seventh inning, the game was called on account of darkness. Game 6, Cincinnati Base Ball Grounds, Cincinnati — The series moved from Pittsburgh to Cincinnati‚ setting a record for most host cities in a World Series, Chicago took a 3–2 series lead by beating the Browns 9–2. Game 7, Cincinnati Base Ball Grounds, Cincinnati — Behind pitcher Dave Foutz, St. Louis defeated Chicago 13–4 in the 7th, the Browns claim the game 2 forfeit didnt count and therefore claim the championship. The two clubs split the $1000 prize, list of pre-World Series baseball champions Baseball Reference –1885 World Series

8.
National League
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Both leagues currently have 15 teams. The two league champions of 1903 arranged to compete against each other in the inaugural World Series, after the 1904 champions failed to reach a similar agreement, the two leagues formalized the World Series as an arrangement between the leagues. National League teams have won 48 of the 112 World Series contested from 1903 to 2016, the 2016 National League champions are the Chicago Cubs. By 1875, the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players was dangerously weak, additionally, Hulbert had a problem—five of his star players were threatened with expulsion from the NAPBBP because Hulbert had signed them to his club using what were considered questionable means. Hulbert had a vested interest in creating his own league. After recruiting St. Louis privately, four western clubs met in Louisville, Kentucky, Boston Red Stockings, the dominant team in the N. A. Hartford Dark Blues from the N. A. Mutual of New York from the N. A. St. Louis Brown Stockings from the N. A, the only strong club from 1875 excluded in 1876 was a second one in Philadelphia, often called the White Stockings or Phillies. The first game in National League history was played on April 22,1876, at Philadelphias Jefferson Street Grounds, 25th & Jefferson, the new leagues authority was tested after the first season. The National League operated with six clubs during 1877 and 1878, over the next several years, various teams joined and left the struggling league. By 1880, six of the eight members had folded. The two remaining original NL franchises, Boston and Chicago, remain in operation today as the Atlanta Braves, in 1883 the New York Gothams and Philadelphia Phillies began National League play. Both teams remain in the NL today, the Phillies in their original city, the NL encountered its first strong rival organization when the American Association began play in 1882. The A. A. played in cities where the NL did not have teams, offered Sunday games and alcoholic beverages in locales where permitted, the National League and the American Association participated in a version of the World Series seven times during their ten-year coexistence. These contests were less organized than the modern Series, lasting as few as three games and as many as fifteen, with two Series ending in disputed ties, the NL won four times and the A. A. only once, in 1886. Starting with the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1887, the National League began to raid the American Association for franchises to replace NL teams that folded and this undercut the stability of the A. A. Other new leagues that rose to compete with the National League were the Union Association, the Union Association was established in 1884 and folded after playing only one season, its league champion St. Louis Maroons joining the NL. The NL suffered many defections of star players to the Players League, the Brooklyn, Chicago, Pittsburgh, and New York franchises of the NL absorbed their Players League counterparts. The labor strife of 1890 hastened the downfall of the American Association, after the 1891 season, the A. A. disbanded and merged with the NL, which became known legally for the next decade as the National League and American Association

9.
1885 Chicago White Stockings season
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The 1885 Chicago White Stockings season was the 14th season of the Chicago White Stockings franchise, the 10th in the National League and the 1st at the first West Side Park. The White Stockings won the National League pennant for the first time since 1882 and they went on to face the St. Louis Browns in the 1885 World Series. The series ended without a champion, with teams winning three games with one tie. Note, Pos = Position, G = Games played, AB = At bats, H = Hits, Avg. = Batting average, HR = Home runs, RBI = Runs batted in Note, G = Games played, AB = At bats, H = Hits, game 1, Darkness ends game one after 8 innings‚ with the teams tied 5–5. Game 2, With Chicago leading 5–4 in the sixth inning, the game is forfeited to Chicago. Game 6, The series moves from Pittsburgh to Cincinnati‚ setting a record for the played in the most cities. Chicago takes a 3–2 series lead by beating the Browns 9–2, game 7, Behind pitcher Dave Foutz, St. Louis defeats Chicago 13–4 in the 7th and last game. The Browns claim the game 2 forfeit didnt count and therefore claim the championship, the two clubs split the $1000 prize. 1885 Chicago White Stockings season at Baseball Reference

10.
Earned run average
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In baseball statistics, earned run average is the mean of earned runs given up by a pitcher per nine innings pitched. It is determined by dividing the number of earned runs allowed by the number of innings pitched, runs resulting from defensive errors are recorded as unearned runs and omitted from ERA calculations. Henry Chadwick is credited with devising the statistic, which caught on as a measure of pitching effectiveness after relief pitching came into vogue in the 1900s. Some criterion was needed to capture the apportionment of earned-run responsibility for a pitcher in games that saw contributions from other pitchers for the same team, a pitcher is assessed an earned run for each run scored by a batter who reaches base while batting against that pitcher. The National League first tabulated official earned run average statistics in 1912, recently written baseball encyclopedias display ERAs for earlier years, but these were computed retroactively. Negro League pitchers are often rated by RA, or total runs allowed, as with batting average, the definition of a good ERA varies from year to year. During the dead-ball era of the 1900s and 1910s, an ERA below 2.00 was considered good, in the 1960s, sub-2.00 ERAs returned, as other influences such as ballparks with different dimensions were introduced. Today, an ERA under 4.00 is again considered good, the all-time record for the lowest single season earned run average by a pitcher pitching 300 or more innings is 1.12, set by Bob Gibson in 1968. The record for the lowest career earned run average is 1.82, held by Ed Walsh, but a purported record based on so few innings pitched is highly misleading. Over the years, more than a dozen part-time pitchers have pitched 105 or more innings and had a run average lower than 0.86. Some sources may list players with infinite ERAs and this can happen if a pitcher allows one or more earned runs without retiring a batter. Additionally, an undefined ERA occasionally occurs at the beginning of a baseball season and it is sometimes incorrectly displayed as zero or as the lowest ranking ERA, even though it is more akin to the highest. At times it can be misleading to judge relief pitchers solely on ERA, because they are charged only for runs scored by batters who reached base while batting against them. Thus, if a pitcher enters the game with his team leading by 1 run, with 2 outs and the bases loaded. If he retires the batter, his ERA for that game will be 0.00 despite having surrendered the lead. Starting pitchers operate under the rules but are not called upon to start pitching with runners already on base. The relievers freedom to use their energy for a few innings, or even for just a few batters. ERA, taken by itself, can also be misleading when trying to objectively judge starting pitchers, the advent of the designated hitter rule in the American League in 1973 made the pitching environment significantly different

11.
Dave Foutz
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David Luther Foutz was a Major League Baseball player for 13 seasons. He played multiple positions, including pitcher, from 1884 to 1896, compiling a 147–66 career record, as well as first base, from 1893 to 1896, he was the player-manager of the Brooklyn Bridegrooms. David Luther Foutz was born in Carroll County, Maryland on September 7,1856, always known as Dave, he was asthmatic all his life. When he was 21 Foutz drifted out to Leadville, Colorado, while in Leadville, Foutz started playing baseball, pitching for the Leadville Blues, an amateur team. Shortly after, he signed with the Bay City, Michigan minor league team, by 1884, Foutzs talent had been spotted by Chris von der Ahe, the owner of the American Association St. Louis Browns. He wanted Foutzs contract so badly he bought the entire Bay City, before joining the major league, Foutz acquired a reputation as a gambler and drinker, figuring if he was going to die young, he would enjoy himself before. As a player, Dave Foutz was often called Scissors and other nicknames, due to his tall and his first six seasons in the major leagues were spent in the American Association with the St. Louis Browns, all the while suffering from asthma. With the Browns he became their powerhouse right hander who pitched St. Louis to four straight American Association pennants. Along the way, Foutz built up a record and on April 10,1885, in an exhibition game, Foutz pitched a no-hitter to defeat the St. Louis Maroons. Later on June 3,1886, Foutz pitched a shutout against Brooklyn in what became a 19-0 rout. But on August 14,1887 while pitching against the Cincinnati Reds for St. Louis, Foutz was hit by a ball, sidelined for nine weeks, when Foutz eventually returned to pitching‚ he was ineffective and his pitching career was virtually ended. While he was pitching, Foutz won 114 games over a span from 1884–1887. He ended up with a 147-66 record, which is a.690 percentage and is tied for third-best ever, the sale was to the Brooklyn Bridegrooms and their owner, Charlie Byrne who paid, what was then, the enormous sum of $19,000 for the trio. After the injury, Foutz pitched little for Brooklyn but helped the team to the 1889 American Association pennant, in both seasons, he was the regular first baseman. Later for four seasons, Foutz was a manager, but Brooklyn never finished higher than fifth. Foutz is still remembered for one play, that probably occurred in the game on September 3,1886. He was playing for the St. Louis Browns, who were facing the Louisville Colonels, apparently orchestrated by a signal from Albert Doc Bushong, catcher, with Charles Comiskey playing first base. On base, the runners for the Louisville Colonels were Pete Browning on first, sundays game between St. Louis Louisville, and in the presence of 6,000 persons, Foutz played the sharpest trick ever seen on the ball field

12.
Bob Caruthers
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Robert Lee Caruthers, nicknamed Parisian Bob, was an American right-handed pitcher and right fielder in Major League Baseball who played primarily for the St. Louis Browns and Brooklyn Bridegrooms. Born in Memphis, Tennessee, Caruthers debuted with a four-hitter for the Browns in late 1884, Caruthers, who stood 57 and weighed 138 pounds, led the team to its first pennant the following year. He led the league in wins, ERA, shutouts and winning percentage in 1885, in 1886 he also played right field when not pitching, batting.334 to place him among the leagues top five hitters, and leading the league in on-base percentage. Brooklyn changed leagues following the 1889 season, joining the National League, in 1890, Caruthers posted a record of 23–11 as Brooklyn won the NL title in their first season in the league, he also saw considerable playing time in left field and batted.265. In 1891 his record slipped to 18–14, and he played occasionally in right field though he hit.281.277 with 69 RBI. He also managed the team for the third of the season. He continued to play in the leagues until 1898. During his career Caruthers threw 298 career complete games among his 310 starts, including 24 shutouts and he also batted.282 lifetime with 29 home runs and 359 RBI. He was the only 19th-century pitcher to lead the league in winning three times. Caruthers is often considered one of the most deserving candidates for the Baseball Hall of Fame, the reduction of two losses would increase his career winning percentage to.691, placing him behind only Spud Chandler who compiled a record of.717 over 150 decisions. On August 5,1911, Caruthers died after an illness in Peoria, Illinois. Caruthers was under a minor league baseball umpiring contract with the Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League at the time of his death

13.
Road (sports)
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A road game or away game is a sports game where the specified team is not the host and must travel to another venue. Most professional teams represent cities or towns and amateur sports teams often represent academic institutions, each team has a location where it practices during the season and where it hosts games. When a team is not the host, it must travel to games. Thus, when a team is not hosting a game, the team is described as the team, the visiting team, or the away team. The venue in which the game is played is described as the stadium or the road. The host team is said to be the home team, major sporting events, if not held at a neutral venue, are often over several legs at each teams home ground, so that neither team has an advantage over the other. Occasionally, the team may not have to travel very far at all to a road game. These matches often become local derbies, a few times a year, a road team may even be lucky enough to have the road game played at their own home stadium or arena. This is prevalent in college athletics where many schools will play in regional leagues or groundshare. The related term true road game has seen increasing use in U. S. college sports in the 21st century, while regular-season tournaments and other special events have been part of college sports from their creation, the 21st century has seen a proliferation of such events. These are typically held at sites, with some of them taking place outside the contiguous U. S. or even outside the country entirely. In turn, this has led to the use of true road game to refer to contests played at one home venue. In some association football leagues, particularly in Europe, the teams fans sit in their own section. Depending on the stadium, they will either sit in a designated section or be separated from the home fans by a cordon of police officers. However, in the leagues in England, supporters may be free to mix. When games are played at a site, for instance the FA Cup final in England which is always played at Wembley Stadium. This results in each team occupying one half of the stadium and this is different from other sports, particularly in North America, where very few fans travel to games played away from their home stadium. Home and away fans are not separated at these games

14.
Jumbo McGinnis
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George Washington Jumbo McGinnis was a Major League Baseball pitcher from 1882 to 1887. McGinnis started his career with the St. Louis Brown Stockings of the American Association and was one of their top pitchers, from 1882 to 1884, he pitched over 300 innings and won over 20 games each year. He later played for the Baltimore Orioles and the Cincinnati Red Stockings and he died at the age of 80. List of St. Louis Cardinals team records Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference, or Baseball-Reference

15.
Cal Broughton
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Cecil Calvert Broughton was an American professional baseball player from 1883 to 1891. He played parts of four seasons in Major League Baseball, principally as a catcher and his career in the major leagues included stints with the Cleveland Blues, Baltimore Orioles, Milwaukee Brewers, St. Louis Browns, New York Metropolitans, and Detroit Wolverines. He also played minor league baseball for clubs in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, Memphis, Tennessee, after retiring from baseball, Broughton became the first chief of police in Evansville, Wisconsin. He captured a group of robbers after a gunfight in 1900. Broughton was born in Magnolia, Wisconsin and he began playing organized baseball for teams in Evansville, Wisconsin, in 1879 and 1880. By 1882, he was playing for the Janesville Mutuals, Broughton made his major league debut in May 1883 with the Cleveland Blues of the National League. He appeared in four games for Cleveland and played in nine additional major league games later that same year with the Baltimore Orioles. He compiled a.190 batting average with the two clubs during the 1883 season, in 1884, Broughton played for the Milwaukee Brewers, first as part of the Northwestern League and then as part of the newly formed and short-lived Union Association. He appeared in 60 games as part of the Northwestern League and 11 games for the Brewers as part of the Union Association, in 11 major league games in the Union Association, Broughton compiled a.308 batting average. In 1885, Broughton played in the American Association for the St. Louis Browns and he appeared in a total of 15 games for the Browns and Metropolitans, compiling a.121 batting average in 58 at bats. During the 1886 and 1887 seasons, Broughton played in the minor leagues and he played for the Memphis Grays of the Southern Association in 1886 and compiled a.236 batting average in 82 games. Late in the 1886 season, as the teams broke up. In 1887, he played for the Milwaukee Brewers of the Northwestern League, in November 1887, Broughton signed to play with the Detroit Wolverines of the National League. He began the 1888 season with the Wolverines, but he appeared in one game and had no hits in four at bats. His final major league game was on April 21,1888, according to one newspaper account, he did not show up well with Detroit due to illness and was released to Minneapolis. After being released by Detroit, Broughton finished the 1888 season playing in the Western League for the Minneapolis Millers and he appeared in 93 Western League games in 1888 and played in another 100 games for the Apostles in 1889. He compiled a.254 batting average in 1889, where, oh where would some of St. Pauls pitchers be now if they hadnt had Cals head back of the plate. The Saint Paul Daily Globe in 1889 said of Broughton, Broughton is a coach for a young pitcher

16.
Doc Bushong
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Albert John Bushong, D. D. S, known as Doc Bushong, was a catcher in Major League Baseball. Bushong also made appearances as an umpire and after his retirement from baseball, some sources credit him with the invention of the catchers mitt. Descended from the Colonial immigrant Bushong family, Albert John Bushong was born September 15,1856, in Philadelphia, Bushong attended public schools in Philadelphia and graduated from Central High School in 1876. After playing baseball in various minor league teams for a couple of years, Bushong was one of the first to matriculate in the brand-new Department of Dentistry and he received his D. D. S. in 1882. While attending dental school, he played professional baseball every year, catching in more than 230 games as well as barnstorming in the off-season with a different team, Bushong was the first University of Pennsylvania graduate to play in Major League baseball. He did not play ball for the university, as he was already playing pro-ball, shortly after graduation Albert J. Bushong and Theresa M. Gottery were married and together they had seven children. Some believe his greatest success came in the part of his career. His most notable performance is most likely in the 1886 St. Louis Browns of the American Association when they beat the Chicago White Stockings of the National League, for the Championship. For his part in the championship, in 1886, the Missouri Pacific Railroad, honored Bushong, the town of Weeks in Kansas, became, Bushong, Kansas. In 1887 Bushong became one of the first baseball players to do paid product endorsements, in an advertisement for Merrells Penetrating Oil, which was a cold medicine. The sale was to the Brooklyn Bride Grooms and their owner, Charlie Byrne who paid, what was then, the enormous sum of $19,000, for the trio. On July 4,1889, in the game of a doubleheader in St. Louis, Bushong injured his arm. He never fully recovered from the injury, which marked the beginning of the end of his baseball career, the 1890 season, was Bushongs last on the Bridegrooms and in major league baseball and he was officially released on March 26,1891. Within a couple of weeks still wanting to play for the 1891 season, Bushong signed on with a league team. In a game that was traditionally played bare-handed, it is difficult to say who was first to make, the first player to wear a glove was catcher Doug Allison, in 1870. In 1888, Joe Gunson described his catchers mitt, and is associated with its invention, along with Doc Bushong. But his claim as first is brought into question by a Brooklyn Eagle article that describes Bushong with his glove at least a season before Gunsons claim. But it is easy to believe that on September 18,1887 when he returned, further, an article in October 13,1887, by the Brooklyn Eagle, tells of Bushong losing his old glove

17.
Sam Barkley
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Samuel E. Barkley was an American Major League Baseball second baseman. Born in Wheeling, West Virginia, he played for four different teams in six seasons from 1884 to 1889, Barkley began his career with the Toledo Blue Stockings of the Northwestern League, and was a member of their championship team in 1883. He was still with the team when they joined the American Association for the 1884 season and he batted.306 that season and led the league in doubles with 39. Following the season, Toledo and the St. Louis, after a lawsuit it was estimated that Barkley had been valued for $800. Chris von der Ahe later claimed that Barkleys value was $1,000, in March 1886, Browns owner Chris von der Ahe offered Barkley for $1000 to the first team to pay the money. The American Association suspended and fined Barkley for signing with Pittsburgh this action, Barkley sued the Association, but they settled out of court with suspension being lifted although the fine stayed in place. Baltimore was offered and accepted Milt Scott as payment and that first season with Pittsburgh, the 1886 season, he hit.266 with 31 doubles, and he also stole 22 bases, while playing in 122 games. He stats declined significantly in 1887, only playing in 89 games, after the season was over, Pittsburgh sold him to the Kansas City Cowboys of the American Association. He was given playing time in 1888 by the Cowboys, playing in 116 games, but his batting average slid further down, to.216. On June 13, he hit for the cycle, and he was given the managerial reins, after his career in baseball ended, Barkley became a cigar maker. He died at the age of 53 in his hometown of Wheeling, and was buried in Peninsula Cemetery

18.
Bill Gleason
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William G. Bill Gleason was a shortstop in Major League Baseball who played from 1882 through 1889 for three different teams of the American Association. Listed at 5 ft 8 in,170 lb. Gleason batted and he was born in St. Louis, Missouri. His older brother, Jack Gleason, was also a ballplayer, Gleason entered the majors in 1882 with the St. Louis Browns, playing for them six years before joining the Philadelphia Athletics and Louisville Colonels. His most productive came in 1887, when he posted career numbers in batting average, runs, hits. A member of three St. Louis champion teams from 1885 to 1887, in 1883 and 1885 he led the league in games played. In an eight-season career, Gleason was a.267 hitter with seven runs and 298 RBI in 798 games, including 613 runs,111 doubles. Incomplete data shows him stealing 70 bases and getting hit by 52 pitches, Gleason died in his native St. Louis at the age of 73. Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference, or Baseball-Reference Bill Gleason at Find a Grave

19.
Arlie Latham
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Walter Arlington Latham was an American third baseman in Major League Baseball. He played from 1880 through 1909 for the Buffalo Bisons, St. Louis Browns, Chicago Pirates, Cincinnati Reds, Washington Senators and he also served as player-manager of the Browns in 1896. Latham stole 129 bases during the 1887 season and his career total of 742 ranks seventh all-time in the majors. As a player-coach for the 1909 Giants, Latham at age 49 became the oldest MLB player to steal a base, after his retirement as a player, he became what is acknowledged as the first full-time base coach in baseball history. For years he served as a coach and manager in minor league baseball, after retiring from baseball, Latham traveled to Great Britain, where he organized baseball matches for soldiers during World War I, and taught baseball to the British. He later worked in baseball as a press box attendant, lathams father served as a bugler for the Union Army in the American Civil War. Latham became interested in baseball when soldiers returning from the battlefield brought the game of baseball with them, at the age of fourteen, Latham played with a local team from Stoneham, Massachusetts as their catcher. He played in the field barehanded, in 1877, he played for a team in Pittsfield, Massachusetts as the third baseman. Latham made his debut in minor league baseball with Springfield of the National Association in 1879. Latham debuted in MLB with the Buffalo Bisons of the National League in 1880 and he played for the Philadelphia Athletics of the National Association in 1881, and the Philadelphia Phillies of the League Alliance in 1882. Latham returned to MLB with the St. Louis Browns of the American Association in 1883, Latham was known as a very good base stealer in his day. He led the AA in runs scored during the 1886 season and he also batted.316 and stole 142 bases, plus another 12 stolen bases in the playoffs. In 1887, as a member of the Browns, he stole 129 bases and this record is not recognized by Major League Baseball, as stolen bases were defined differently prior to 1898. He led the league in bases with 109 during the 1888 season. In 1890, he jumped to the Chicago Pirates of the Players League and he returned to the NL with the Cincinnati Reds in July 1890 to serve as a utility player and coach. He played for Cincinnati through 1895, and was traded to the Browns after the 1895 season with Ed McFarland, Morgan Murphy, Tom Parrott and cash for Red Ehret, the Browns released Latham after the 1896 season. Latham returned to minor league baseball and he played for the Columbus Buckeyes/Senators of the Western League and Scranton Miners of the Eastern League in 1896. He played for the Mansfield Haymakers of the Interstate League in 1897, in 1898, he applied to become a NL umpire, instead, he played for the New Britain Rangers of the Connecticut State League and Hartford Cooperatives of the Atlantic League in 1898

20.
Hugh Nicol
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Hugh N. Nicol was a Scottish-American professional baseball player. An outfielder, Nicol played in Major League Baseball for the Chicago White Stockings, St. Louis Browns, Cincinnati Red Stockings, nicols debut game took place on May 3,1881. His final game took place on August 2,1890, Nicol had 138 stolen bases in 1887, however prior to 1898 a stolen base was credited to a baserunner who reached an extra base on a hit from another player. He had 103 stolen bases in 1888, despite the fact that he had two 100 stolen-base seasons, only 383 of his total career stolen bases are known. He also managed the Browns in 1897, Nicol became the head baseball coach and athletic director at Purdue University for the Purdue Boilermakers. He also scouted for the Reds during the summers, beginning in 1911, Nicol resigned from Purdue in 1914, after accusations that the American football team played like rowdies. He died in Lafayette, Indiana on June 27,1921, list of Major League Baseball stolen base records Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference, or Fangraphs, or Baseball-Reference

21.
Tip O'Neill (baseball)
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James Edward Tip ONeill was a Canadian professional baseball player from approximately 1875 to 1892. While playing with the St. Louis Browns from 1884 to 1889, ONeill helped the club compile a 516–247 record while winning four pennants. His adjusted.435 batting average in 1887 remains the second highest in league history. ONeill has been dubbed Canadas Babe Ruth and was inducted into both the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame and the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame. Each year since 1984, the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame has presented the Tip ONeill Award to the best Canadian baseball player, ONeill was born in 1858 at Springfield, Ontario, Canada, a village in Southwestern Ontario that was later incorporated into the city of Malahide. While ONeill was a boy, his family moved approximately 30 miles northeast to Woodstock, Ontario, in 1875, ONeill began playing organized baseball in Woodstock, Ontario, Canada, and became known as The Woodstock Wonder. He also traveled with barnstorming teams, in 1881, he reportedly played in Detroit, and in 1882, he played for the New York Metropolitans in the League Alliance. ONeill made his league debut on May 5,1883. Shortly after his league debut, The Sporting Life wrote, ONeill. This is a very weak reliance nowadays, as batsmen have only to note the speed of the ball, ONeills delivery is wild and erratic -- hard work for the catcher and busy work for the field. ONeill appeared in 19 games as a pitcher for the Gothams and compiled a win–loss record of 5–12. In 1884, ONeill joined Charlie Comiskeys St. Louis Browns of the American Association and he was signed by Comiskey to replace pitcher Tony Mullane, who left the Browns after the 1883 season. ONeill compiled an 11–4 win-loss record with a 2.68 ERA, however, his arm reportedly went back on him during the 1884 season, requiring him to switch from pitching to playing in the outfield. He ended up playing 64 games as an outfielder in 1884 and was exclusively an outfielder thereafter, in 1885, ONeill missed much of the season, suffering an injury on June 10 and not returning to the lineup until September 3. Despite the injury, ONeill established himself as the Browns best batter, hitting.350 in 52 games, the 1885 Browns won the American Association pennant with a 79-33 record and tied the Chicago White Stockings in the 1885 World Series. ONeill scored four runs but hit.208 in his first World Series, ONeill played his first full season as a position player in 1886 and became one of the most valuable players in baseball. He appeared in 138 games, all as an outfielder, and led the league with 107 runs batted in. He was also among the leaders with a.328 batting average.385 on-base percentage.440 slugging percentage,190 hits,255 total bases,45 extra base hits

22.
Yank Robinson
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Yank Robinson was a professional baseball player from 1882 to 1892. Robinson was a starter for St. Louis Browns teams that won four consecutive American Association pennants, while playing for the Browns, he set the major league record with 116 walks in 1888 and broke his own record with 118 walks in 1889. During his peak years from 1887 to 1890, Robinson drew 472 free passes and 400 hits in 2,115 plate appearances, giving him a pass percentage of.223. His Offensive WAR ratings of 3.8,3.7 and 3.6 ranked sixth in the American Association in 1886 and 1887, Robinson was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1859. He came from a background, left home at a young age. Robinson made his league debut on August 24,1882. He remained with the team for the remainder of the 1882 season, appearing in 10 games at shortstop, one as an outfielder and one as a pitcher. After his short stint with Detroit in 1882, Robinson spent the 1883 season in the leagues playing for the East Saginaw Grays in the Northwestern League. He played shortstop and compiled a.215 batting average for East Saginaw, in 1884, Robinson returned to a major league with the Baltimore Monumentals of the Union Association. He played 71 games at third base for the Monumentals, but also demonstrated versatility by playing 14 games at shortstop,11 games at catcher, and 11 games as a pitcher. He compiled a.267 batting average, led the league with 37 walks, as a pitcher, he compiled a 3-3 record with a 3.48 earned run average, pitched three complete games, and led the Union Association with eight games finished as a relief pitcher. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch called Robinson the best all-around player in the Union Association and he also scored five runs in the 1885 World Series. In 1886, Robinson became the Browns starting second baseman, a position he held for the four years. Robinson had a year at the plate in 1886, batting.274 with 71 RBIs. He ranked second in the league in hit by pitch, fourth in stolen bases, fifth in bases on balls, seventh in times on base, eighth in on-base percentage. Applying the modern measure of Wins Above Replacement, Robinson had the best season of his career in 1886 with an Offensive WAR of 3.8, sixth best in the American Association. Robinson also played a key role in helping the Browns win the 1886 World Series with a batting average of.316. During the 1887 season, Robinson compiled career highs with 75 stolen bases, a.305 batting average and his Offensive WAR rating of 3.7 is the sixth highest in the American Association for 1887

23.
Curt Welch
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Curtis Benton Welch was a Major League Baseball center fielder for the Toledo Blue Stockings, St. Louis Browns, Philadelphia Athletics, Baltimore Orioles, Cincinnati Reds, and Louisville Colonels. Welch started his baseball career in 1883 with Toledo of the Northwestern League. In 1885, he joined the St. Louis Browns, Welch scored the series-winning run in extra innings of game 6 of the 1886 World Series in a close play at the plate famous among baseball fans of his generation as the $15,000 slide. After three seasons with St. Louis, Welch went to Philadelphia and had a career-high.282 batting average in 1888 and he played for the Athletics until 1890 and then had short stints with the Orioles, Reds, and Colonels. His major league career ended in 1893, and he spent the two seasons with the Eastern Leagues Syracuse Stars. Welch led the AA in hit by pitches in 1888,1890, and 1891 and he was regarded as one of the best defensive center fielders of the 19th century. In the 2010 book The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract, welchs career was damaged by his drinking, and he died in 1896

24.
Wayback Machine
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The Internet Archive launched the Wayback Machine in October 2001. It was set up by Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat, and is maintained with content from Alexa Internet, the service enables users to see archived versions of web pages across time, which the archive calls a three dimensional index. Since 1996, the Wayback Machine has been archiving cached pages of websites onto its large cluster of Linux nodes and it revisits sites every few weeks or months and archives a new version. Sites can also be captured on the fly by visitors who enter the sites URL into a search box, the intent is to capture and archive content that otherwise would be lost whenever a site is changed or closed down. The overall vision of the machines creators is to archive the entire Internet, the name Wayback Machine was chosen as a reference to the WABAC machine, a time-traveling device used by the characters Mr. Peabody and Sherman in The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show, an animated cartoon. These crawlers also respect the robots exclusion standard for websites whose owners opt for them not to appear in search results or be cached, to overcome inconsistencies in partially cached websites, Archive-It. Information had been kept on digital tape for five years, with Kahle occasionally allowing researchers, when the archive reached its fifth anniversary, it was unveiled and opened to the public in a ceremony at the University of California, Berkeley. Snapshots usually become more than six months after they are archived or, in some cases, even later. The frequency of snapshots is variable, so not all tracked website updates are recorded, Sometimes there are intervals of several weeks or years between snapshots. After August 2008 sites had to be listed on the Open Directory in order to be included. As of 2009, the Wayback Machine contained approximately three petabytes of data and was growing at a rate of 100 terabytes each month, the growth rate reported in 2003 was 12 terabytes/month, the data is stored on PetaBox rack systems manufactured by Capricorn Technologies. In 2009, the Internet Archive migrated its customized storage architecture to Sun Open Storage, in 2011 a new, improved version of the Wayback Machine, with an updated interface and fresher index of archived content, was made available for public testing. The index driving the classic Wayback Machine only has a bit of material past 2008. In January 2013, the company announced a ground-breaking milestone of 240 billion URLs, in October 2013, the company announced the Save a Page feature which allows any Internet user to archive the contents of a URL. This became a threat of abuse by the service for hosting malicious binaries, as of December 2014, the Wayback Machine contained almost nine petabytes of data and was growing at a rate of about 20 terabytes each week. Between October 2013 and March 2015 the websites global Alexa rank changed from 162 to 208, in a 2009 case, Netbula, LLC v. Chordiant Software Inc. defendant Chordiant filed a motion to compel Netbula to disable the robots. Netbula objected to the motion on the ground that defendants were asking to alter Netbulas website, in an October 2004 case, Telewizja Polska USA, Inc. v. Echostar Satellite, No.02 C3293,65 Fed. 673, a litigant attempted to use the Wayback Machine archives as a source of admissible evidence, Telewizja Polska is the provider of TVP Polonia and EchoStar operates the Dish Network

25.
1888 St. Louis Browns season
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The 1888 St. Louis Browns season was the teams seventh season in St. Louis, Missouri, and its seventh season in the American Association. The Browns went 92–43 during the season and finished first in the American Association, in the World Series, the Browns faced the National League champion New York Giants, losing the series 6 games to 4. Note, Pos = Position, G = Games played, AB = At bats, H = Hits, Avg. = Batting average, HR = Home runs, RBI = Runs batted in Note, G = Games played, AB = At bats, H = Hits, Avg. Louis Browns 1888 St. Louis Browns team page at www. baseball-almanac. com

26.
1889 Brooklyn Bridegrooms season
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The 1889 Brooklyn Bridegrooms won the American Association championship by two games over the St. Louis Browns. December 23,1888, Al Mays and Dave Orr were purchased from the Bridegrooms by the Columbus Solons, prior to 1889 season, Paul Radford was purchased from the Bridegrooms by the Cleveland Spiders. Note, Pos = Position, G = Games played, AB = At bats, R = runs, H = Hits, Avg. = Batting average, HR = Home runs, RBI = Runs batted in, SB = Stolen bases Note, G = Games played, AB = At bats, R = runs, H = Hits, the Giants won the series,6 games to 3. This series would be the first meeting between two historic rivals. Baseball-Reference season page Baseball Almanac season page Brooklyn Dodgers reference site Retrosheet

A pennant is a commemorative flag typically used to show support for a particular athletic team. Pennants have been …

The ritual of hoisting of the premiership flag in Australian sporting culture dates back to 1895 and is an enduring symbol in Australian sporting culture and particularly Australian rules football. "The Flag" is figuratively still as important as "the Cup" in the VFL/AFL long after a premiership trophy was introduced in 1959. This is the premiership flag flown the Carlton Football Club in 1907 for the premiership it won in the 1906 Grand Final.