So... uh... this is a bit embarrassing. But we don't have a plain "Hello, World!" challenge yet (despite having 35 variants tagged with hello-world, and counting). While this is not the most interesting code golf in the common languages, finding the shortest solution in certain esolangs can be a serious challenge. For instance, to my knowledge it is not known whether the shortest possible Brainfuck solution has been found yet.

Furthermore, while all of Wikipedia (the Wikipedia entry has been deleted but there is a copy at archive.org
), esolangs and Rosetta Code have lists of "Hello, World!" programs, none of these are interested in having the shortest for each language (there is also this GitHub repository). If we want to be a significant site in the code golf community, I think we should try and create the ultimate catalogue of shortest "Hello, World!" programs (similar to how our basic quine challenge contains some of the shortest known quines in various languages). So let's do this!

The Rules

Each submission must be a full program.

The program must take no input, and print Hello, World! to STDOUT (this exact byte stream, including capitalization and punctuation) plus an optional trailing newline, and nothing else.

The program must not write anything to STDERR.

If anyone wants to abuse this by creating a language where the empty program prints Hello, World!, then congrats, they just paved the way for a very boring answer.

Note that there must be an interpreter so the submission can be tested. It is allowed (and even encouraged) to write this interpreter yourself for a previously unimplemented language.

Submissions are scored in bytes, in an appropriate (pre-existing) encoding, usually (but not necessarily) UTF-8. Some languages, like Folders, are a bit tricky to score - if in doubt, please ask on Meta.

This is not about finding the language with the shortest "Hello, World!" program. This is about finding the shortest "Hello, World!" program in every language. Therefore, I will not mark any answer as "accepted".

If your language of choice is a trivial variant of another (potentially more popular) language which already has an answer (think BASIC or SQL dialects, Unix shells or trivial Brainfuck-derivatives like Alphuck), consider adding a note to the existing answer that the same or a very similar solution is also the shortest in the other language.

As a side note, please don't downvote boring (but valid) answers in languages where there is not much to golf - these are still useful to this question as it tries to compile a catalogue as complete as possible. However, do primarily upvote answers in languages where the authors actually had to put effort into golfing the code.

The Catalogue

The Stack Snippet at the bottom of this post generates the catalogue from the answers a) as a list of shortest solution per language and b) as an overall leaderboard.

To make sure that your answer shows up, please start your answer with a headline, using the following Markdown template:

## Language Name, N bytes

where N is the size of your submission. If you improve your score, you can keep old scores in the headline, by striking them through. For instance:

## Ruby, <s>104</s> <s>101</s> 96 bytes

If there you want to include multiple numbers in your header (e.g. because your score is the sum of two files or you want to list interpreter flag penalties separately), make sure that the actual score is the last number in the header:

## Perl, 43 + 2 (-p flag) = 45 bytes

You can also make the language name a link which will then show up in the snippet:

\$\begingroup\$@isaacg No it doesn't. I think there would be some interesting languages where it's not obvious whether primality testing is possible.\$\endgroup\$
– Martin EnderAug 28 '15 at 13:56

6

\$\begingroup\$If the same program, such as "Hello, World!", is the shortest in many different and unrelated languages, should it be posted separately?\$\endgroup\$
– aditsu quit because SE is EVILAug 28 '15 at 15:33

2

\$\begingroup\$@mbomb007 Well it's hidden by default because the three code blocks take up a lot of space. I could minify them so that they are a single line each, but I'd rather keep the code maintainable in case bugs come up.\$\endgroup\$
– Martin EnderAug 28 '15 at 19:34

8

\$\begingroup\$@ETHproductions "Unlike our usual rules, feel free to use a language (or language version) even if it's newer than this challenge." Publishing the language and an implementation before posting it would definitely be helpful though.\$\endgroup\$
– Martin EnderAug 29 '15 at 23:01

2

\$\begingroup\$@MartinEnder ... Almost. If two BF solutions have the same size, the one with smaller lexicographical order will take smaller number of bytes in Unary. Of course the smallest Unary solution translated to BF is guaranteed to be smallest.\$\endgroup\$
– user202729May 20 '18 at 10:20

I'm finally ready to reveal my language. It's still a major WIP, and the undefined byte meaning is temporary (except for maybe 0xFF). I will eventually update this to include a non-hacky solution when MY is able to do that.

"Hello, World!" Push the 13 chars of Hello World to the stack as charcode integers
&@ Pop the entire stack and print as chars

Alternatively, here's hello world from before I added multi-char strings and printing:

#!#d#l#r#o#W# #,#o#l#l#e#H@@@@@@@@@@@@@

Explanation:

#! Push the charcode of char '!' to the end of the stack
.................... Do this for every character in "Hello, World!" in reverse order
@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Pop and print the last element of the stack 13 times

Note: this is not to detract form earlier PHP example relied on an option assuming PHP wasn't being used as a webserver and abusing the HTML-effect outside of ?php tags to have an answer that was just "Hello, World!"

That said, that solution made some non-standard server assumptions which aren't common with PHP. So I'm presenting an alternative that assumes a normal server layout, but still needs to go to STDOUT. This is not to detract from the previous posters example, but to present one in a different setting with different constraints.

Note: originally thought using

<?php fwrite(STDOUT,"Hello, World!"); ?>

would be the only way, but then realized the die (normally used killing the script with an error) outputted to STDOUT and didn't use extra variables.

Updated: Cut off a few bytes recalling that "die" wont' bother with anything after itself, so didn't need the closing ?>.

Note: Worth noting, that if shorttags were on with a PHP5 server, could drop down 3 more bytes to 24 bytes with

<? die("Hello World!");

However, I was specifically going a standard server, and shortags are now off by default making a server with them on no longer standard.

\$\begingroup\$Welcome to the site, and nice answer and explanation! It is common practice here to include a Try it online! link in answers so others can run and inspect your code with ease.\$\endgroup\$
– Khuldraeseth na'BaryaMar 13 '18 at 0:32

The (1, parameter tells the puts function to send the output to STDOUT, and there is no carriage return or EOL character for this one line program. This program will work as-is on both RDS Euphoria (v3.1.1 - last commercial version) and OpenEuphoria (v4.1 - current opensource version). The code omits the "optional trailing newline" (per the challenge rules) or else it would be two characters longer (adding \n after the !).

I am surprised that no one had added Euphoria to this challenge before now but I am glad that I could as I really like this powerful little language. Since no one added it to this list after more than 2 years I am thinking that maybe CodeGolfers never heard of Euphoria? I am not sure if it is okay to do this here but what follows is a very short description of the language for context. If this is not okay I apologize in advance. Also, where would such information be appropriate? Is there a "directory" of languages post somewhere in the site?

Euphoria was released in 1995 (back in the days of DOS and Windows 3.1) with only two data types: the atom (each contains a single number) and the sequence (essentially a dynamically-sized array of zero or more atoms). Two other types (the integer and the object) were added in recent years to help with efficiency of execution. One of the most interesting things that attracted me to this language long ago besides its remarkably uncomplicated structure is that it runs incredibly fast for an interpreted language. Also it has engines that run on Windows, Linux, and Mac OSX so user code is cross-platform.

PS: It seems as of the time of this posting that the original RDS website linked above is down due to hosting problems after 20 years with the same host. It is unclear when (or if) it will come back up. However the rather extensive library of user created programs for the language is archived here if anyone is wanting good sample code to explore the language.

A (very-unfinished at the time of this writing) fungelike. This works on the current master version.

Ahead is my first esolang (well... that actually has progress). It borrows a lot of concepts from Befunge and ><> but hopefully it provides enough unique features to be interesting. I particularly want to provide features that can improve code density and golfing, one of which is included in this answer.

W is called "Writewhile". This pops cells from the stack and prints them as chars, until it encounters a 0. The 0 is popped and discarded (not printed). Since stringmode pushes a 0 to the stack when it starts, this makes printing strings rather easy.

Your Answer

If this is an answer to a challenge…

…Be sure to follow the challenge specification. However, please refrain from exploiting obvious loopholes. Answers abusing any of the standard loopholes are considered invalid. If you think a specification is unclear or underspecified, comment on the question instead.

…Try to optimize your score. For instance, answers to code-golf challenges should attempt to be as short as possible. You can always include a readable version of the code in addition to the competitive one.
Explanations of your answer make it more interesting to read and are very much encouraged.

…Include a short header which indicates the language(s) of your code and its score, as defined by the challenge.

More generally…

…Please make sure to answer the question and provide sufficient detail.

…Avoid asking for help, clarification or responding to other answers (use comments instead).

Code Golf Stack Exchange is a site for recreational programming competitions, not general programming questions. Challenges must have an objective scoring criterion, and it is highly recommended to first post proposed challenges in the Sandbox.