"Our train was known as The Lost Train," she says, after the vehicle intended to travel to Theresienstadt - in what is now the Czech Republic - was forced to reroute due to bombing, before stopping in the small German village of Tröbitz.

Many of the people on board died in transit due to malnutrition and illness.

"I celebrated my 12th birthday on the train, on 17 April 1945.

"Since then I celebrate my second birthday on 23 April - the day we were liberated by the Russian army in Tröbitz, where we were held for two months. We were then returned to the Netherlands.

"I am, to this day, in contact with a family there," she adds.

Image copyrightGetty ImagesImage caption
Women are transported in cattle trucks to Nazi concentration camps in the early 1940s

Is the compensation offered enough?

The involvement of Dutch rail company NS in assisting the Nazi's in the 1940s had a direct impact on Mirjam and her family, but she does not blame them for what happened.

"Remember this was the Nazis," she says, "the Germans paid for the use of the Dutch railways - but the company had no choice.

"I don't think they could have said no - I can't blame them for that."

And what about the compensation now being made available to victims, will it make a difference? Is it enough?

"I never expected anything - €15,000 [£14,000; $17,000] is a lot of money. I'm planning to do something special with it.

"Next year it will be 75 years since I was liberated. I'm planning to take all of my family - the children and grandchildren - to Tröbitz to celebrate my personal victory."

Image copyrightMirjam Lapid-AndriesseImage caption
Mirjam (in the red sweater) with her family, whom she plans to take to the German village of Tröbitz

Mirjam moved to Israel in 1953. Her entire family relocated there "because we didn't want anything like this to happen again".

"I got married, my husband is South African. We live in Kibbutz Tzora and have raised five children. I have 14 grandchildren."

She adds that, unfortunately, one of her children was killed in a helicopter accident while employed as a pilot in the Israeli army.

What was the railway's role in deportations?

A representative of the National Westerbork Memorial, Dirk Mulder, said in a TV interview last year that the NS had "complied with the German order to make trains available".

"The Germans paid for it and said the NS had to come up with a timetable. And the company went and did it without a word of objection," Mr Mulder said.

Westerbork became a transit camp in 1941 and the first deportees left on 15 July 1942. The final train left on 13 September 1944, with 279 Jews on board. Among those deported from the camp were 245 Sinti and Roma.

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Media captionHolocaust survivors: The families that weren’t meant to live

NS, which formally apologised in 2005 and has described the deportations as a "black page in the history of the company", has promised each survivor €15,000, while up to €7,500 will go to children and widowed spouses of victims.

"It is estimated that several thousand people are eligible for the allowance, including an estimated 500 survivors. NS will set aside several tens of millions of euros for this in the coming years," NS said in a statement in June.