Table of Contents

About the Journal

“Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal” is a leading open access research Journal which showcases pivotal research in the field by publishing the latest research on fisheries and aquaculture. Fisheries and Aquaculture are at the crux of development in many developing countries having a sea coast; therefore, studies pertaining to Coastal Development, Marine Biology, and Oceanography are also covered under the scope of the Journal. “Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal” holds a special position in the ecosystem of scholarly communication by relaying on expert knowledge synthesized from the seminal advancements in the field of Fisheries and Aquaculture.

Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal has commissioned an experienced Editorial Board, comprising of the pre-eminent scholars in the field. All manuscripts are peer reviewed by an exacting process. The Journal also publishes high quality Commentaries, Perspectives, and Reviews to instill a scientific temperament in its readers. The Journal thus uses a comprehensive approach and maintains the highest standards in terms of quality of the content published.

Aquaponics

The farming of aquatic organisms like fishes, aquatic plants, molluscus, crustaceans etc, is known as aqualculture. Aquaculture, also known as aquafarming, is the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, molluscs and aquatic plants. Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions, and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish.

Fish Production

The farming of the fishes for the commercial use like food products in an area is called as Fish production or fish farming. Fish farming or pisciculture is the principal form of aquaculture, while other methods may fall under mariculture. Fish farming involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food.

Marine Food

Fish need protein, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. Unfortunately, few foods contain all or enough of these essential nutrients. Therefore, the best way to ensure all their nutritional prerequisites are met is to give them a varied diet. This means a combination of flake, frozen, and fresh foods. One good staple food is frozen sea food, which is available in most places. Shrimp, clams, squid, and marine fish flesh, rinsed, and finely chopped are great foods

Fishing Technology

The methods and the process used for catching or capturing the fishes for various purposes is called as the fishing technology. Fishing techniques are methods for catching fish. The term may also be applied to methods for catching other aquatic animals such as molluscs (shellfish, squid, octopus) and edible marine invertebrates. Fishing techniques include hand gathering, spearfishing, netting, angling and trapping.

Fish Feed Technologies

High quality ingredients (fish meal, cereals, vegetable proteins …) are selected and ground according to the specific nutritional and pellets size requirements of the aquatic animals.The particle size distribution is a key factor to produce premium granulates: therefore the grinding step is an important unit operation. The powder is then mixed with minor ingredients such as vitamins, mineral premixes… prior to the preconditioning. Next, the heart of the process, extrusion cooking is done in three stages in the fish feed machine : Preconditioning, Extrusion cooking and Die texturing/ shaping.

Captive Fishing

Captive Fishing and subsequent re-introduction of a threatened species is an important and in some cases very successful tool for species conservation. Critics point to the need to conserve/restore habitat, list examples of failures, decry the cost, and argue we should rescue speciesbefore they are on the brink of oblivion. Capture fisheries is exploitation of aquatic organisms without stocking the seed. Recruitment of the species occurs naturally. This is carried out in the sea, rivers, reservoirs, etc. Fish yield decreases gradually in capture fisheries due to indiscriminate catching of fish including brooders and juveniles. Overfishing destroys the fish stocks. Pollution and environmental factors influence the fish yield.

Aquaculture Tanks

There are a variety of tank designs which are of standard use in aquaculture systems. These include Round tanks, D-ended tanks, and Raceways. Round tanks have the advantage of a naturally self cleaning action. As the water swirls around the tank, solids are drawn towards the middle, where the outlet is situated. Due to this property, they are often used in hatcheries, where due to high feed rates, solids loadings (waste feed and faeces) can be very high and also in recirculation systems, to remove the solids as soon as possible, before they break down. Raceway is a general term given to a straight sided artificial channel in which fish are held. Generally these have a high water turnover rate, occuring in less than one hour. D-ended tanks are a type of holding unit which are very economical in terms of space. These tanks can be constructed from most materials, including fiberglass and concrete.

Aquaculture Supplies

Global production of farmed fish, shrimp, clams, and oysters more than doubled in weight and value while landings of wild-caught fish remained level. Many people look to this growth in aquaculture to relieve pressure on ocean fish stocks, most of which are now fished at or beyond capacity, and to allow wild populations to recover. Production of farmed fish and shellfish does increase world fish supplies. Yet by using increasing amounts of wild- caught fish to feed farmed shrimp and salmon, and even to fortify the feed of herbivorous fish such as carp, some sectors of the aquaculture industry are actually increasing the pressure on ocean fish populations.

Aquaculture Systems

A proper system is required for a successful aquaculture operation. When designing one you need to take several things into consideration. First is the species and the amount of the fish you wish to raise. Different species require a variety of different setups therefore it is important that you know the needs of the fish you want to raise. One such factor that is important to know is the climate of the area in which you wish to raise fish. The temperature throughout the year can greatly determine you success in the production of your operation. Areas with colder winters might need a heating system built into the rest of the design. Same as with hot summers, a cooling system might need to be put in.

Related Journals of Aquaculture systemsFisheriessciences, Aquaculture Research & Development, Journal of Applied Ichthyology, Journal of Phycology, Journal of The World Aquaculture Society, Journal of The World Aquaculture Society, Marine Technology Journal, International Journal of Food Microbiology, The Progressive Fish-culturist, Environmental Science & Technology, Water Research, Journal of The World Aquaculture Society.

Global Aquaculture Alliance

Global Aquaculture Alliance (GAA) is the leading international organization dedicated to advancing environmentally and socially responsible aquaculture and a safe supply of seafood to meet growing world food needs. GAA organises Global Outlook for Aquaculture Leadership marketing meetings annually, during which leading seafood buyers, producers and suppliers discuss issues and receive expert updates on the global supply and demand of farmed fish and shrimp.

Recirculating Aquaculture Systems

Recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS) represent a new and unique way to farm fish. Instead of the traditional method of growing fish outdoors in open ponds and raceways, this system rears fish at high densities, in indoor tanks with a "controlled" environment. Recirculating systems filter and clean the wa ter for recycling back through fish culture tanks. New water is added to the tanks only to ma ke up for splash out and evaporation and for that used to flush out waste materials. In contrast, many raceway systems used to grow trout are termed "open" or "flow through" systems because all the water makes only one pass through the tank and then is discarded.

Sustainable Aquaculture

Sustainable aquaculture is a dynamic concept and the sustainability of an aquaculture system will vary with species, location, societal norms and the state of knowledge and technology. The promotion of sustainable aquaculture development requires that "enabling environments", in particular those aimed at ensuring continuing human resource development and capacity building, are created and maintained.

Shrimp Aquaculture

The aquaculture system or bussiness in which shrimps or prawns are produced for the food requirements of humans is called shrimp aquaculture. Shrimp aquaculture was proven to be very profitable, but has emerged as unreliable and unstable practice in many instances, due to susceptibility to infections and diseases, including the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV).

Oyster Aquaculture

Oysters are grown by sea farming technique. The most important stage in setting up an oyster hatchery is site location. The site must have good water quality. One must look at the watershed, gathering as much data as possible about salinity and water temperature, and talk with locals about any industrial impact on the targeted site.

Tilapia Aquaculture

Tilapia is a warm water, fresh water fish farmed in a few locations in Canada. The flesh is white, moist and mild-flavoured and, as such, versatile for cooking in a variety of menus. Dozens of species are farmed worldwide, however three species make up the bulk of production. The main species farmed in Canada is the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Tilapia is one of the fastest growing fish farming sectors globally, led by China and other low cost Asian and South American producers. Over 2 million tonnes were produced in 2006, and it is now in the top 10 fish species consumed in North America. The majority of farmed tilapia is exported to seafood markets in Europe and North American as frozen and value added products. All of the Canadian production is sold live to local markets, where premium prices are obtained for fresh, live fish. Toronto is the single largest market for live tilapia in North America, and burgeoning markets exist in Calgary, Edmonton, and Vancouver.

Home Aquaculture

There are very different business models with vastly different levels of preparation between a large-scale commercial-scale aquaculture venture and a small-scale “hobbyist” venture. Both necessitate sound business planning, but the former requires extensive feasibility and business planning, while the latter can be more of an exploratory “try-by-doing” activity. Success in both require some level of record keeping to know “what works” and what does not, and what are the true financial and time-investment realities of the project. Small-scale aquaculture includes small-scale shrimp or tilapia production for pond-side sales, bass and bluegill production for pond stocking, ornamental fish for hobbyists and fee-fishing enterprises. The opportunities usually range from personal recreational use that includes a few friends to “help subsidize” the activity to small-scale local sales. The endeavors frequently involve the landowner in utilizing an existing or newly constructed small pond or tank system as a small-profit-center activity, not large-scale commercial fish production.

Benefits of Aquaculture

Aquaculture, or fish farming, has gained momentum all over the world as a viable method to produce seafood over the last decade. According to some experts, increasing demand for fresh fish has put a strain on natural populations. Aquaculture, the cultivation of marine fish and shellfish, is gaining popularity in meeting this demand. Aquaculture plays an important role in the economy, providing thousands of jobs in operations and ancillary services. According to the Environmental Defense Fund, a non-profit environmental organization, global fisheries exports now earn more revenue than any other traded food commodity in the world, including rice, cocoa or coffee.

Salmon Aquaculture

Salmon aquaculture (farming) is the industrial production of salmon from egg to market in a net-cage, pond or contained system. Most of the industry still uses open net-cages in the ocean, and these floating feedlots hold up to a million fish in an area the size of two football fields. The open net-cages are generally sited in sheltered bays along the coast in close proximity to wild salmon streams and rivers. Open net-cage salmon farming is currently one of the most harmful aquaculture production systems and poses environmental threats in all regions it is practiced.

Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries

Today tropical aquaculture is the fastest growing form of food production in the world with nearly half of the seafood on the market being tropical raised. The mission of the Tropical Aquaculture is to enhance the understanding of tropical, ornamental aquaculture through research. Coastal ponds are the main target, but other marine production systems, including fish cages and raised systems (hatching in tanks with a water recycling system), are also under study,based on practices commonly used in Tropical aquaculture.

Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal is assosciated with International Conference of 4th Oceanography& Marine Biology conferenceJuly 18-20, 2016 Brisbane, Australia with support of international representatives and Editorial Board members

*2018 Journal Impact Factor was established by dividing the number of articles published in 2016 and 2017 with the number of times they are cited in 2018 based on Google Scholar Citation Index database. If 'X' is the total number of articles published in 2016 and 2017, and 'Y' is the number of times these articles were cited in indexed journals during 2018 then, journal impact factor = Y/X