How does Ballard help transit operators maintain up-time for the fuel cell buses?

Our service model is quite simple. It comes down to a combination of transferring knowledge to customers, making sure knowledgeable technicians are present, and that the parts and documentation are always available.

Our goal is to ensure our customers and their technicians are all comfortable with the technology, and are capable of performing fuel cell bus maintenance on their own. We provide training programs and support for this.

In addition, the best way to maintain hydrogen fuel cell buses on the road is to be there fast.

Our site technicians are situated closely to where the buses operate so they can respond quickly and in the best way to issues that arise. We make sure to always have parts available so we can deliver them as quickly as possible.

How is Ballard’s International Service Team structured?

The entire team is now about 30 people around the world, strategically located to provide comprehensive service in a timely manner.

The team located at Ballard headquarters in Vancouver, Canada supports all of the satellite locations. We provide additional resources and people that can be deployed around the world if needed.

Regionally, there are also three major teams:

China

Ballard has a four person team in China to support the fuel cell bus fleets being deployed there. We are in the process of putting in a service centre, and increasing service presence in different provinces as needed. We are also making large effort in providing local training to technicians there.

The European team most closely matches the capabilities of the Burnaby team. There are a total of five technicians, a certified service provider in Germany, central and local parts inventories, and a repair center. We are also in the process of building up a European training facility.

How does having a local service team in Denmark help Ballard support buses in the EU?

It helps tremendously. The service team is well located, and this makes it very easy to move things in an out. They can fly or even drive to many locations within Europe. Also, Denmark has extremely high-quality labour - the team there has excellent training and strong technical background.

Another benefit is the language element. They can speak many different European languages

So the team has a mix of great attitude, great capability, and strong skill sets that we can build on. They respond fast, with quality and accuracy.

How has Ballard’s ability to improve bus key performance metrics increased over time?

There are two major factors that have allowed us to do this:

The first reason is that we monitor a very large fleet of fuel cell electric buses, globally speaking. Having a fleet of this size travelling every day in different climates, on varied routes, and with different load profiles brings in important, good quality data to Ballard.

The key here is this data is not just from a few buses. With 70 buses in operation, Ballard supports the largest fleet of hydrogen fuel cell buses in the world today.

The second reason is that our methodology of data collection is somewhat mastered now. This allows us to make excellent use of all the data that Ballard gathers, and guides how we communicate it, both internally and in sharing it with the customers.

For example, we first review and interpret the data to determine what is most relevant and important. Safety is the highest priority. We then share the results and action plans with the customers.

This also helps us to focus our resources on the main priorities as well as to the search of the root cause of the issues that need resolving. Internally, this methodology helps us create solutions more quickly and accurately, and then pass down that information to technicians on the field and to engineers for consideration as we design next generation products.

Over time, this helps improve the performance of the buses, designs and technologies. As a result, we find we have continuously less fuel cell bus maintenance issues to deal with and better fleet performance.

Data gained over the past 17 years provides powerful insights to Ballard’s technical team, resulting in 96% availability for the fuel cell module.

What are some major differences a bus technician may notice in servicing fuel cell buses vs diesel buses?

The first major difference is how clean it is to work with one of the fuel cell buses.

What’s behind that is, the fuel cell buses operate at much lower temperatures. In addition, all of the dust that diesel engines collect on the road isn’t really found on fuel cell engines, as they are more enclosed.

There is also no combustion, which results in a much cleaner operation. Fuel cell engines need a way lower amount of grease and lubricants because there are fewer moving parts.

Another big difference is the technology itself. Fuel cell engines are heavier on the control and software side, so technicians need a different skill set to work with hydrogen bus technology. Also, fuel cell engines have a high voltage and high pressure gases.

This is often a new challenge for many technicians, but most of them enjoy it, because it gives them an opportunity to learn new things. Overall, technicians report that the fuel cell bus maintenance procedures are much simpler than they originally expected. We find it doesn’t take long for these technicians to become fuel cell advocates!

There are also some notable hardware differences, and technicians will need to take some time to recognize the parts. Fuel cell engines also have fewer moving parts, and the engine itself is quieter - you often don’t even hear it.

Everything else is similar to an electric bus, for example, most of the coach systems are identical.

Takeaways

Any transit authority or municipality who deploys Ballard’s fuel cell powered buses in their fleet will benefit from a support team committed to excellence and success. We are passionate about empowering our customers with knowledge and providing the tools they need to become fuel cell powertrain experts in their own communities.

In addition, fuel cell mechanical training results in sustainable and localized employment opportunities in the areas we operate. Local economies grow, and citizens reap the benefits of cleaner air and improved quality of life.

Find out in this free white paper: Economic Case for Hydrogen Buses in Europe.

Rafael Hernandez Millan

The post presenta data on: 1) module availability, and 2) bus availability. We see, from the graph, an achievable target (2020) of 99% availability for the module. However, it might have been useful to know the battery/fuel cell hybrid powertrain availability, and how it compares with other internal combustion engine technologies. On the other hand, the bus availability, shows a drastic in projected evolution (2017-2020), compared with the historic evolution, why? Bus availability interpretation requires knowledge of routes quality, and may be influenced by accidents too. The post demonstrates hybrid battery/fuel cell buses are an option for urban city transportation. An statistical sample (of 70 buses) is meaningful.

Alexander Janusz

Looking at this, I'm wondering how the costs compare to diesel or electric maintenance? How are these projected to change going forward?

Catharine Reid

Hi Alexander,
This topic is generating a lot of interest and study. I encourage you to read CARB's Literature Review on
Transit Bus Maintenance Cost available at https://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/bus/maintenance_cost.pdf

Keith Bare

With only 70 units operational, where does your model scale and profit given high number of techs servicing the 70??

Catharine Reid

Hi Keith,
Ballard follows a multi-tiered service model to provide the best possible service in the most efficient possible manner as fuel cell bus fleets are deployed in volume. Escalating levels of support are designed to match problem complexity and to take advantage of existing service structures developed by transit agencies and bus OEMs.

Peter Jort

Don't be afraid to tell the world, the H2 story is one of the most beautiful stories the world needs to hear in a time when hope of saving our planet is fading, get together with Toyota Honda and others involved, don't be shy, it truly is a beautiful story, we can do it, just do it, lets go.