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Competing Interests

Ubiquity Press and The Open Library of Humanities
are committed to transparent and bias-free research. To ensure that all
publications are as open as possible all authors, reviewers and editors
are required to declare any interests that could appear to compromise,
conflict or influence the validity of the publication. This process is
designed to reinforce the readers' trust in the research data.

Please
declare any competing interests that you have. A conflict of interest
must be declared if there is any reason why the information or the
interpretation of information being produced may be influenced by a
personal or financial relationship with other organisations or
individuals, or if these relationships could be reasonably perceived
from other people as having influencing objective data or
decision-making. Everyone involved in the submission, editorial
processing, peer review and publication should declare any competing
interests that they may have as early as possible.

Competing
interests can take the form of both financial and non-financial
relationships. The declaration of such relationships helps to ensure
that academic rigour is maintained and that publications cannot be
accused of undue bias or misinformation.

Examples of competing interests:

receipt of payment, in any form, from an organisation or individual related to the subject matter

ownership of stocks or shares in organisations directly related to the subject matter

Competing interests should generally be declared to cover at least
the previous 5 years - e.g., if a reviewer supervised the author's PhD
then (and if they feel comfortable reviewing the work) their
professional relationship should have ended over 5 years ago. This is a
minimum requirement, and individuals must declare if they have had a
previous relationship with someone/an organisation relevant to the
submission that could be deemed to influence decision making.

For authors

Please
place the competing interests section at the end of the manuscript,
immediately before the reference list. The authors initials should be
used to denote differing competing interests. For example:

TW completed paid consultancy work from [company name] as part of the data acquisition for this study. BH has minority shares in [company name], which part funded the research grant for this project. SM is a member of the editorial board for [journal name], which is on a voluntary basis. All other authors have no competing interests."

If there are no competing interests, please add the below statement:

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

For reviewers

If you have any competing interests, please list them in the text box available on your reviewer page. For example:

"I was previously employed by the laboratory that collected this data."

If you do not have competing interests, please add the below statement: