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5 October 2013

From Shanghai to Kangding

Part
III

Shanghai : August
5th 2010 – 5:30am: Low on the horizon the sun was a perfect pale
red disc in a milk white sky as my taxi took me along the flyovers from my
hotel to the airport. This was finally the day - at last I was on my way.
This was a trip I had long waited to make. I’d often sat in airport terminals
looking at departure boards listing flights to Chengdu, wishing that one of
those flights had been mine; but now I had a ticket to Chengdu in my hand and
it looked like I was the only Westerner waiting to board.

The flight from Shanghai to Chengdu
took only a couple of hours. In Louis Magrath King’s day the journey took much
longer. I had looked into the possibility of retracing his route by boat along
the Yangtze to Chongqing and then overland to Chengdu – but even if time and
money had permitted the riverboat schedules weren’t right for the period when I
was travelling. It’s still a journey I’d like to make one day. However, I have managed
to travel it vicariously through an excellent documentary called Die Chinesischen Schuhe (2002-2004)by
the filmmaker, Tamara Wyss.

In this film Wyss retraces her
grandparents’ journey from Shanghai to Sichuan, matching their old photos to
present day views of the river as she travels. It’s an interesting film which
also documents the physical and sociological changes to this dynamic river
which have been brought about by the construction of the Three Gorges Dam.
Wyss’s grandparents, Hedwig and Fritz Weiss, were contemporaries and indeed
friends of Louis King. Fritz was a member of the German Consular Service, and
he and Louis were both stationed in Chongqing at the same time. Louis mentions
Fritz in his unfinished memoir and they both appear together in some of Louis’s
photographs. Just as Tamara Wyss had done I was hoping to match some of Louis’s
old photos of Tachienlu (Kangding 康定) to present day views.

I noticed a marked difference when
I arrived in Chengdu. Not least the change in climate – Shanghai had been in
the grip of a prolonged heat wave when I’d left, temperatures there reaching
around 40ºC / 104ºF with humidity to match – Chengdu
was around 25ºC / 77ºF, but still humid. Also the people
at the airport seemed very different too. As I later wrote in my journal there
were “a lot of colourful characters collecting
equally colourful luggage – monks in orange and red robes, soldiers in jungle
fatigues. There were crates of mushrooms coming out on the baggage carousel, and
all sorts of cardboard boxes – many smelling of foodstuffs. One of which had
clearly spilled its contents as soy sauce covered one part of the conveyor. My
backpack had evidently been dipped like a large green dumpling into a mild
vinegar!”

In Chengdu I checked into the
marvellously dishevelled Jiatong or “Traffic” Hotel, as it’s known to foreign
backpackers, which is perfectly located next to a bus station beside the Jin
River. I’d already travelled to some quite remote parts of China before, but
the journey ahead was set to be quite a step into the unknown for me, as I’d
noted in my journal whilst waiting to board the plane at Shanghai: “I feel somewhat apprehensive but far more
excited by the prospect of this present trip. This will be my first time
venturing solo deep into China. It’s hard to know how I will fare with next to
no Chinese language ability and no guides or [Chinese] friends for assistance.
But I’m eager to take the plunge and see what I can find of old Tachienlu with
its Tibetan Gombas, its raging rivers meeting between the high mountains that I
only know from Louis’s old photos.” At that time there wasn’t much
information on the web or even in the guidebooks. I’d spent ages trying to get
a mental picture of the town from Louis’s old photos and the relatively few
present day views I’d come across on-line, but this proved time-and-again to be
a frustratingly difficult task; it was hard to get one’s bearings at such a
distant remove, there was only one way to get a genuine sense of the place –
which, of course, was to actually go there!

The next morning I was up early. I
checked out of the hotel and made my way to the bus station. I’d just missed
the first bus to Kangding, but I managed to get myself a ticket for the next
bus out an hour later. The bus was full and, once again, even though I’d not
been the only foreigner at the bus station I was the only one on board this
particular bus. With the luggage all loaded up below and a lot more crammed
inside, and with everybody squeezed on board we roared out of the bus station
five minutes early. I couldn’t help grinning, as this was it – only now I let myself believe it – now I
was really on my way to Kangding –
just 8 more hours on the road and I’d finally be there!

“Once
out of Chengdu it was a marvel to see how green and fertile this part of
Sichuan is – it really is the ‘Red Basin’ with red earth and red rocks, all
kinds of trees and flowers everywhere. This was a bus ride which only increases
in wonder with each mile covered as eventually the bus begins to thread its way
between vertical close-sided walls of rock as the bus climbs through gorge
after valley after ravine (and repeat …), climbing, climbing. The scenery once
emerged from the impressively gated, and also impressively long, Erlangshan
Tunnel, is quite something as from here you can really see that you are continually
gaining altitude on your way up to Tibet. The view from the bus window and the
drop from the side of the road at some points - without any exaggeration - is
like the view from an aeroplane. At times it was a hair-raising and a continually
bone-shaking experience of a bus ride. I only saw one major accident along the
way and that one was evidently fatal judging by the large number of spectators
and the large amount of blood on the road with incense sticks burning all
around the spill. It looked like a three-wheeler moped and a large truck had
come to grief.”

The prospect of an 8 hour bus ride,
bumping along precipitous roads in sweltering heat, might seem daunting
today, but in Louis King’s time the distance from Yachow (present day Ya’an) to
Tachienlu (Kangding) was 8 days – and Ya’an is roughly the halfway point
from Chengdu to Kangding. In those days the journey was made on foot with
porters, horses, and “a chair” (litter) for carrying the wealthy Westerner or
Chinese official, the whole entourage staying at roadside inns at the various
stages along the way. This was the start of the famous Sichuan ‘Tea Road’, along which
porters would walk carrying back-breaking stacks of brick tea to trade at the
border town of Tachienlu.

It’s fascinating to read the accounts of Westerners
who trod this route in those days and to compare the things which fascinated
them along the way. I’d read the following passage written by David Crockett Graham, a missionary and academic contemporary to Louis King, many times before,
but only when my bus emerged from Erlangshan Tunnel did I really appreciate
what his words described: “On the
afternoon of the third day after leaving Yachow, I reached the top of the first
high pass. Looking westward I saw one of the most wonderful views that I have
ever seen. There were rivers that had carved irregular valleys, beyond which
were snow-clad mountains rivalling the Himalayas in height and grandeur. I said
to myself, ‘If I should see nothing else, this sight alone would pay me for
taking the entire journey.’”

Not long after the bus had set out
there was a bit of a reshuffle of passengers beside me as I was befriended by a
young lad who wanted to practise his English. Lu Bin was travelling with his
cousin, his Uncle, and his Uncle’s friend. The two boys had just completed
their exams and were now on a three month trip overland to Lhasa before
starting at University later in the year. When the bus stopped for lunch Lu Bin
and his companions invited me to join them. As you’d expect in Sichuan the food
was super spicy – I like spicy food, but this stuff really blew my head off!
When it came to the end of the meal I was rather embarrassed as they wouldn’t
let me contribute to the bill, insisting on treating me, they said, as their
way of saying: “Welcome to China.” It turned out that this was just the first of
many kindnesses shown to me by people I met along the way. Throughout my trip I
was constantly amazed at the smiling friendliness and welcoming generosity of
the people I met.

As we roared up and down the
hairpin bends, threading our way alongside the constantly tumultuous waters of
the Dadu River, a noisy Jackie Chan movie played on a TV at the front of the
bus, but I was completely oblivious, simply mesmerised by the view from the
window. Like many places in such regions of Asia the river courses are dotted with dams and hydro-electric plants, both big and small. At one section there
was what looked like an immense hydro-electric scheme under way which will
eventually necessitate transferring the road from one side of the valley to the
other where it will thread its way through a number of new road tunnels cut
through the steep sided hills. The valley floor itself was then a huge
construction site forming a vast dusty plain where large trucks were beetling
around, loading up with broken rocks, or moving earth and rubble from one place
to another. The bus lurched and bounced its way across the unmade surface with
everyone groaning involuntarily with each sharp sudden bump until we got back
onto the proper roadway.

Looking at my watch I reckoned we
still had a couple of hours to go when to my great surprise the bus slowed and
then started to turn off the road. At first I thought it was another rest break
in the journey but Lu Bin looked at me and happily announced: “Kangding!” We’d
arrived in record time (6 hours), aside from the road accident we’d passed and a
couple of minor landslides along the road we’d encountered no long hold-ups or
delays. The bus driver had certainly gunned the bus along, and at each rest
stop there had been thick hose pipes gushing water which had been shoved under
the engine, presumably to cool it down and/or refill the rattly air-con. I was
amazed at how quickly everyone got off the bus and found their baggage and then
disappeared out of the bus station. I retrieved my rucksack and said farewell
to Lu Bin and his companions, wishing them well for their onward journey to
Lhasa, and then set off into town.

Kangding is set at a fork in the
hills where three valleys meet, here two rivers from almost opposite directions
– the Zheduo and the Yala – merge and then flow together as one along the route
I’d just come. As I walked along the river, looking up at the steep sided
mountains which dominate the town a very strange feeling came over me. The
sound of the river roaring alongside mixed with the noise and bustle of the
traffic and the town seemed so bright and vividly alive. I was walking into a
place which I’d never visited before, yet it all seemed oddly familiar. Slowly, as I
walked, half-remembered grainy views and sites began to fall into place.
Hitherto disconnected black and white photos were already starting to fall into
place in my mind – linking up in ways which I’d been fruitlessly trying to
fathom by staring at them for countless hours, trying to guess if the corner of
a building in one photo matched that of a building in another photo looking in a different direction. This seemed to bode well for my researches during my coming
stay. I had a week ahead of me in which to explore – but my first task was to
find the hostel where I would be staying. I only had a very vague idea of its
whereabouts from an internet map which seemed to think Kangding consisted of just
two main roads. Kangding isn’t a large town by any means, but my first discovery
was that the blank spaces on my internet map were in fact honeycombed with a
labyrinth of winding little alleys and backstreets. Forget unfathoming old
photos, clearly my first challenge would be finding my hostel!