Treatment

The first therapy tried is usually a steroid medication, such as prednisone. If steroid medications do not improve the condition, removal of the spleen (splenectomy) may be considered.

Therapy to suppress the immune system is usually given if the person does not respond to steroids and splenectomy. Medications such as azathioprine (Imuran), cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), and rituximab (Rituxan) have been used.

Blood transfusions are given with caution, because of the potential that blood may not be compatible and may cause further hemolysis.

Outlook (Prognosis)

Adults may have long-term disease that keeps returning. In children the anemia is usually short-lived.

Possible Complications

Infection (as a complication of treatment)

Severe anemia

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Call your health care provider if you notice symptoms of anemia.

Prevention

There is no known prevention for idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia, because the cause is unknown.