ATX12V Power Supply Design Guide. Version 2.2 March 2005

Transcription

1 ATX12V Power Supply Design Guide March 2005

2 IMPORTANT INFORMATION AND DISCLAIMERS INTEL CORPORATION (AND ANY CONTRIBUTOR) IS PROVIDING THIS INFORMATION AS A CONVENIENCE AND ACCORDINGLY MAKES NO WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS DOCUMENT OR PRODUCTS MADE IN CONFORMANCE WITH THIS DOCUMENT. THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND INTEL DISCLAIMS ALL EXPRESS AND IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING THE WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN ADDITION, INTEL (AND ANY CONTRIBUTOR) DOES NOT WARRANT OR REPRESENT THAT THIS DOCUMENT OR ANY PRODUCTS MADE IN CONFORMANCE WITH IT WILL OPERATE IN THE INTENDED MANNER, ARE FREE FROM ERRORS OR DEFECTS, OR ARE SAFE FOR USE FOR ITS INTENDED PURPOSE. ANY PERSON USING THIS DOCUMENT OR MAKING, USING, OR SELLING PRODUCTS IN CONFORMANCE WITH THIS DOCUMENT DOES SO AT HIS OR HER OWN RISK. INTEL DISCLAIMS ALL LIABILITY ARISING FROM OR RELATED TO USE OR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING LIABILITY FOR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS RELATING TO THE INFORMATION OR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT. INTEL DOES NOT WARRANT OR REPRESENT THAT SUCH DEVICES OR IMPLEMENTATION WILL NOT INFRINGE SUCH RIGHTS. INTEL IS NOT OBLIGATED TO PROVIDE ANY SUPPORT, INSTALLATION OR OTHER ASSISTANCE WITH REGARD TO THE INFORMATION OR PRODUCTS MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH IT. THE INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. THE INFORMATION REFERRED TO IN THIS DOCUMENT IS INTENDED FOR STANDARD COMMERCIAL USE ONLY. CUSTOMERS ARE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR ASSESSING THE SUITABILITY OF THE INFORMATION FOR USE IN PARTICULAR APPLICATIONS. THE INFORMATION IS NOT INTENDED FOR USE IN CRITICAL CONTROL OR SAFETY SYSTEMS, MEDICAL OR LIFE SAVING APPLICATIONS, OR IN NUCLEAR FACILITY APPLICATIONS. NO LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED HEREIN. Intel and Pentium are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries. Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others Copyright Intel Corporation

8 1. Introduction 1.1. Scope This document provides design suggestions and reference specifications for a family of power supplies that comply with the ATX Specification, Version 2.03 for motherboards and chassis. It includes supplementary information not expressly detailed in the ATX Specification, such as information about the physical form factor of the power supply, cooling requirements, connector configuration, and pertinent electrical and signal timing specifications. This document is provided as a convenience only and is not intended to replace the user s independent design and validation activity. It should not be inferred that all ATX12V power supplies must conform exactly to the content of this document. The design specifics described herein are not intended to support all possible system configurations. System power supply needs vary widely depending on factors such as the application (that is, for desktop, workstation, or server), intended ambient environment (temperature, line voltage), or motherboard power requirements Key Changes for ATX12V Version 2.0 and later as Compared with ATX and Pervious Versions of ATX12V Power Supply This section briefly summarizes the major changes made to this document that now defines ATX12V power supply. With the move to 12V voltage regulators for the processor, ATX guidelines for 5V as main power are no longer provided Increased +12 VDC output capability System components that use 12V are continuing to increase in power. In cases where expected current requirements is greater than 18A a second 12 V rail should be made available. ATX12V power supplies should be designed to accommodate these increased +12 VDC currents Minimum Efficiency Minimum measured efficiency is required to be 70% at full and 72% at typical (~50%) load and 65% at light (~20%) load. The recommended guidance is 77% at full load, 80% at typical (50%) load and 75% at light (20%) load to provide direction for future requirements

9 Main Power Connector: The 2 x 10 main power connector has been replaced by a 2 x 12 connector. This was made to support 75 watt PCI Express*requirements. Pinout assignments are based on the SSI recommendation. With the added 12V, 5V, and 3.3V pins the need for an Aux Power connector is no longer needed and the guidance for this connector has been removed Separate current limit for 12V2 on the 2x2 connector: The 12V rail on the 2 x 2 power connector should be a separate current limited output to meet the requirements of UL and EN Terminology The following terms are used in this document: Term Required Recommended Optional BA CFM Monotonically Noise Description The status given to items within this design guide, which are required to meet design guide and a large majority of system applications. The status given to items within this design guide, which are not required to meet design guide, however, are required by many system applications. The status given to items within this design guide, which are not required to meet design guide, however, some system applications may optionally use these features. Declared sound power, LwAd. The declared sound power level shall be measured according to ISO* 7779 for the power supply and reported according to ISO Cubic Feet per Minute (airflow). A waveform changes from one level to another in a steady fashion, without intermediate retracement or oscillation. The periodic or random signals over frequency band of 0 Hz to 20 MHz. 2. Applicable Documents The following documents support this design guide as additional reference material

11 3. Electrical The electrical requirements that follow are to be met over the environmental ranges specified in Section 5 unless otherwise noted AC Input Table 1 lists AC input voltage and frequency requirements for continuous operation. The power supply shall be capable of supplying full-rated output power over two input voltage ranges rated VAC and VAC RMS nominal. The correct input range for use in a given environment may be either switch-selectable or auto-ranging. The power supply shall automatically recover from AC power loss. The power supply must be able to start up under peak loading at 90 VAC. Table 1. AC Input Line Requirements Parameter Minimum Nominal+ Maximum Unit V in (115 VAC) VAC rms V in (230 VAC) VAC rms V in Frequency Hz +Note: Nominal voltages for test purposes are considered to be within ±1.0 V of nominal Input Over-current Protection The power supply shall incorporate primary fusing for input over-current protection to prevent damage to the power supply and meet product safety requirements. Fuses should be slow-blow type or equivalent to prevent nuisance trips Inrush Current Limiting Maximum inrush current from power-on (with power on at any point on the AC sine) and including, but not limited to, three line cycles, shall be limited to a level below the surge rating of the input line cord, AC switch if present, bridge rectifier, fuse, and EMI filter components. Repetitive ON/OFF cycling of the AC input voltage should not damage the power supply or cause the input fuse to blow.. For Denmark and Switzerland international safety requirements, if the internal over-current protective devices exceed 8A for Denmark and 10A for Switzerland, then the power supply must pass international safety testing to EN using a maximum 16A over-current protected branch circuit, and this 16A (time delay fuse) branch circuit protector must not open during power supply abnormal operation (output short circuit and component fault) testing

13 Catastrophic Failure Protection Should a component failure occur, the power supply should not exhibit any of the following: Flame Excessive smoke Charred PCB Fused PCB conductor Startling noise Emission of molten material 3.2. DC Output DC Voltage Regulation The DC output voltages shall remain within the regulation ranges shown in Table 2 when measured at the load end of the output connectors under all line, load, and environmental conditions. The voltage regulation limits shall be maintained under continuous operation for any steady state temperature and operating conditions specified in Section 5. Table 2. DC Output Voltage Regulation Output Range Min. Nom. Max. Unit +12V1DC (1) ±5% Volts +12V2DC (3) ±5% Volts +5VDC ±5% Volts +3.3VDC (2) ±5% Volts -12VDC ±10% Volts +5VSB ±5% Volts (1) At +12 VDC peak loading, regulation at the +12 VDC output can go to ± 10%. (2) Voltage tolerance is required at main connector and S-ATA connector (if used). (3) Minimum voltage during peak is greater than 11.0 VDC Remote Sensing The +3.3 VDC output should have provisions for remote sensing to compensate for excessive cable drops. The default sense should be connected to pin 13 of the main power connector. The power supply should draw no more than 10 ma through the remote sense line to keep DC offset voltages to a minimum Typical Power Distribution DC output power requirements and distributions will vary based on specific system options and implementation. Significant dependencies include the quantity and types of

14 processors, memory, add-in card slots, and peripheral bays, as well as support for advanced graphics or other features. It is ultimately the responsibility of the designer to derive a power budget for a given target product and market. Table 3 through Table 5 and Figure 1 through Figure 3 provide sample power distributions and a graphical recommendation for cross loading. It should not be inferred that all power supplies must conform to these tables, nor that a power supply designed to meet the information in the tables will work in all system configurations

22 Energy Star* The Energy Star efficiency requirements of the power supply depend on the intended system configuration. In the low-power / sleep state (S1 or S3) the system should consume power in accordance with the values listed in Table 10.. Table 10. Energy Star Input Power Consumption Maximum Continuous Power Rating of Power Supply RMS Watts from the AC line in sleep/low-power mode < 200 W < 15 W > 200 W < 300 W < 20 W > 300 W < 350 W < 25 W > 350 W < 400 W < 30 W > 400 W 10% of the maximum continuous output rating > % of the maximum continuous output rating Note: To help meet the Energy Star system requirements, it is recommended that the power supply have > 50% efficiency in standby mode Other Low Power System Requirements For power supplies designed for low standby power, the following provides some general guidance. Requirements will vary with geographic region and target end user market. To help meet the Blue Angel *, RAL-UZ 78, US Presidential executive order 13221, future EPA requirements, and other low Power system requirements, it is recommended that the +5 VSB standby supply should be as efficient as possible. Standby efficiency is measured with the main outputs off (PS_ON# high state). Standby efficiency should be greater than 50% with a minimum loading of 100mA Output Ripple/Noise The output ripple/noise requirements listed in Table 11. should be met throughout the load ranges specified in Section and under all input voltage conditions as specified in Section 3.1. Ripple and noise are defined as periodic or random signals over a frequency band of 10 Hz to 20 MHz. Measurements shall be made with an oscilloscope with 20 MHz bandwidth. Outputs should be bypassed at the connector with a 0.1 µf ceramic disk capacitor and a 10 µf electrolytic capacitor to simulate system loading. See Figure

24 Output Transient Response Table 13. summarizes the expected output transient step sizes for each output. The transient load slew rate is = 1.0 A/µs. Output Table 13. DC Output Transient Step Sizes Max. step size (% of rated output amps per Sec 3.2.3) (1) Max. step size (amps) +12 V1DC 40% +12 V2DC 60% +5 VDC 30% +3.3 VDC 30% -12 VDC 0.1 A +5 VSB 0.5 A (1) For example, for a rated +5 VDC output of 18 A, the transient step would be 30% 18 A = 5.4 A Output voltages should remain within the regulation limits of Section 3.2.1, and the power supply should be stable when subjected to load transients per Table 13. from any steady state load, including any or all of the following conditions: Simultaneous load steps on the +12 VDC, +5 VDC, and +3.3 VDC outputs (all steps occurring in the same direction) Load-changing repetition rate of 50 Hz to 10 khz AC input range per Section 3.1 Capacitive loading per Table Capacitive Load The power supply should be able to power up and operate normally with the following capacitances simultaneously present on the DC outputs. This capacitive loading should be used to check stability and should not be included for noise testing. Table 14. Output Capacitive Loads Output ATX12V Capacitive load (µf) +12 V1DC 5, V2DC 3, VDC 6, VDC 6, VDC VSB

25 Closed-loop Stability The power supply shall be unconditionally stable under all line/load/transient load conditions including capacitive loads specified in Section A minimum of 45 degrees phase margin and 10 db gain margin is recommended at both the maximum and minimum loads VDC / +3.3 VDC Power Sequencing The +12 VDC and +5 VDC output levels must be equal to or greater than the +3.3 VDC output at all times during power-up and normal operation. The time between the +12 VDC or +5 VDC output reaching its minimum in-regulation level and +3.3 VDC reaching its minimum in-regulation level must be 20 ms Voltage Hold-up Time The power supply should maintain output regulation per Section despite a loss of input power at the low-end nominal range 115 VAC / 47 Hz or 230 VAC / 47 Hz at maximum continuous output load as applicable for a minimum of 17 ms Timing / Housekeeping / Control T1 VAC ~ T5 +12VDC +5VDC +3.3VDC PS_ON# } O/P's PWR_OK 95% 10% T2 T3 ~ ~ T4 T6 PWR_OK Sense Level = 95% of nominal timing_3_5_12b Figure 7. Power Supply Timing Notes: T1 is defined in Section T2 is defined in Section T3, T4, T5, and T6 are defined in Table

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