India successfully launches 5th navigation satellite IRNSS-1E

20-Jan-2016 Comments (0)

ISRO's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, PSLV-C31, successfully launched IRNSS-1E, the fifth satellite of the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) , Sriharikota (A.P). With this successful launch India has moved closer to joining a select group of nations possessing their own satellite navigation systems.

Why we need our own satellite navigation systems ?

Our own regional navigation systems holds crucial importance because access to foreign government-controlled global navigation satellite systems is not guaranteed in hostile situations and we faced such a situation during Kargil War in 1999, when Indian military needed GPS data for the region but US denied the access of Vital information through GPS so a need for an indigenous satellite navigation system was felt so that we are not dependent on foreign government-controlled global navigation satellite systems and our scientist have nearly achieved by developing Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System.

Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System :

The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System or IRNSS is an indigenously developed Navigation Satellite System that is used to provide accurate real-time positioning and timing services over India and region extending to 1500 km around India.

The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) consists of a constellation of seven satellites of which 3 satellites will be placed in GEO orbit and 4 satellites will be placed in GSO orbit. approximately 36,000 km altitude above earth surface.

Of the seven satellites that are needed five satellites namely IRNSS-1A, IRNSS-1B, IRNSS-1C, IRNSS-1D and IRNSS-1E-have been put into orbit till date. In the coming months, the remaining two satellites of this constellation, namely, IRNSS-1F and IG, are scheduled to be launched by PSLV, thereby completing the entire IRNSS constellation.

The IRNSS is similar to the global positioning system (GPS) of the US (24 satellites), Glonass of Russia, and Galileo of Europe, China's Beidou although other systems are global, the Indian system is regional in nature.

Costing : Each satellite costs around Rs. 150 crores while the PSLV-XL version rocket costs around Rs. 130 crores. The seven rockets would involve an outlay of around Rs. 910 crores.

Application :

IRNSS is different from other navigational systems of the world as it comprises of only seven satellites while other similar systems in the world have more than 20 satellites

Once fully operational, the IRNSS will provide accurate position information service to users across the country and the region, extending up to an area of 1,500 km. It would be used for defence purposes as well.

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has signed Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) with IIT-Bombay and Madras to establish a bi-nodal ‘Centre of Propulsion Technology’ (CoPT) at the two institutions.

The initiative is aimed at achieving synergy between DRDO and Indian Institutes of Technology for channelising the research efforts towards developing products and related critical aerospace technologies.

CoPT will evolve mechanisms to facilitate execution of programs related to propulsion technology and will engage the primary Research Nodes (IIT Bombay and IIT Madras) and other research institutions.

It will facilitate and undertake multidisciplinary directed research in the focused areas of futuristic aero engines, hypersonic propulsion for long duration flight.

The MySpeed App can be downloaded from the mobile sewa app store. The app is a kind of crowd-sourcing initiative to check network performance of all the mobile operators.

Researchers from the University of Leuven (KU Leuven) in Belgium have built a sensitive electronic nose with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that can detect pesticides and nerve gas in very low concentrations.

MOFs are like microscopic sponges. They can absorb quite a lot of gas into their minuscule pores. The chemical sensor can easily be integrated into existing electronic devices. Therefore, it’s fairly easy to equip a smartphone with a gas sensor for pesticides and nerve gas.

The best-known electronic nose is the breathalyser. As drivers breathe into the device, a chemical sensor measures the amount of alcohol in their breath. This chemical reaction is then converted into an electronic signal, allowing a police officer to read the result.

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