The study concerns the evaluation and quantification of the economic value of ecosystem services (ES) or nature's services in arable farmland. The importance of ES is now very well established and ES have been demonstrated to be of very high economic valu ...

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, China has experienced ten business cyclical fluctuations. The economic growth was characterized by erratic ups and downs which lasted for several decades. With the economic reform and opening u ...

Establishing the economic contribution of visitor activities to national or local gross domestic product (GDP) has been the primary use of Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA). Visitor consumption is distributed throughout numerous sectors of the economy wher ...

In recent years, ‘yield’ has become a central issue in tourism development with many operators and policy analysts now seeking ‘high yield’ tourism. Attempts to maximise yield have sometimes focussed on maximising volume (i.e. visitor numbers or revenue). ...

Tourism Strategy 2010 identified the objective of achieving greater financial and economic sustainability from tourism businesses and observed that there were a number of mechanisms that might contribute. This paper has examined Statistics New Zealand Ann ...

This research analyses the effects on the farm sector of the New Zealand agricultural policy reform undertaken in 1985. The analysis is placed within a discussion of the larger issue of the specificity of the farm sector and whether this specificity requi ...

Performance monitoring and benchmarking are important contributors to policy and planning processes. Tourism presents particular challenges as visitor expenditure supports a broad spectrum of commercial activity throughout hundreds of the economy’s indust ...

Drawing conclusions on the performance of the tourism sector requires a distinction to be made as to the type of performance being measured. New Zealand’s Tourism Strategy 2010 considered this issue and recommended that the future emphasis should be on th ...

This study reports on a survey of small tourism businesses in New Zealand. In particular it focusses on the smallest of tourism's businesses – those comprising five or fewer full-time employees (FTEs). As such it provides one of a number of viewpoints on ...

There are two competing theoretical debates about the impact of ownership concentration on organisational outcomes, namely efficient-monitoring hypothesis and conflict-of-interest (strategic-alignment) hypothesis. New Zealand has a distinctively concentra ...