Toposar Uses

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Toposar Use for Testicular Cancer

Testicular cancer is a cancer that begins in the testicles (testes), the male reproductive organs located beneath the penis in the scrotum. It is the most common form of cancer in men in the United States between the ages of 15 and 34. However, testicular cancer is overall exceedingly rare, accounting for only about 1 percent of all cancers in men in the United States.

Testicular cancer normally only affects one testicle. Symptoms may include:

A lump or swelling in the testicle

A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum

A dull ache in the lower abdomen (stomach) or groin

Pain or discomfort in a testicle or the scrotum

A sudden buildup of fluid in the scrotum.

Testicular cancer usually responds well to treatment, with more than 95 percent of cases being cured. In general, treatments will vary, depending in part on the type of cancer and how much the cancer has progressed. Treatment may include:

Toposar is a type of chemotherapy treatment. It is used in combination with other chemotherapy medicines to treat testicular cancer that has not adequately responded to other chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery.

How Does It Work?

Toposar belongs to a group of medicines known as podophyllotoxin derivatives. Podophyllotoxins are derived from the Mayapple tree (Podophyllum peltatum). These medications work by interfering with the action of an enzyme known as topoisomerase II.

Topoisomerase II helps relax DNA that has been tangled or overwound, which can happen when DNA is unwinding to duplicate so cells can divide. The enzyme does this by cutting the DNA strands to relieve the tension and then putting the strands back together. Toposar binds to topoisomerase II and prevents the enzyme from relaxing DNA; as a result, the DNA strands break. This prevents cells from dividing, which stops the growth of cancer cells.

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