27 Cards in this Set

Sperm cells of the Russian dwarf hamster contain 14 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are found in a normal body cell of the Russian dwarf hamster?

28

How does the number of chromosomes in a human liver cell compare to the number of chromosomes in a human brain cell?

The number of chromosomes in both cells is equal.

A cell with 20 chromosomes undergoes MITOSIS. What is the end result?

2 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 20 chromosomes.

What is one function of MEIOSIS?

to create gametes for reproduction

One of the first people to study patterns of heredity scientifically was

Gregor Mendel

The allele for green pod color (G) is dominant over the allele for yellow pod color (g). What is the genotype for a plant with yellow pods?

gg

An organism with two different alleles for a single trait is ____ for that trait.

heterozygous

Assume that in humans, brown eyes (B) is dominant over blue eyes (b). The mother’s genotype is bb and the father’s is Bb. What are the predicted frequencies of eye color of the children of these parents?

1/2 brown eyes and 1/2 blue eyes

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease that causes serious respiratory problems. Brad and Janet are healthy adults with three children. Two of the children appear to be healthy and one child has cystic fibrosis. The normal allele is represented as C. The disease-causing allele is represented as c. What is Brad’s genotype? What is Janet’s genotype?

Brad = Cc; Janet = Cc

If an organism has two identical alleles for a single trait, for that trait the organism is considered

homozygous

In humans the gene for polydactyly (having extra fingers or toes) is dominant over the gene for the normal number of digits. If parents who are both homozygous dominant for polydactyly have four children, how many of these children would most likely have extra fingers or toes?

4

Two parents are both heterozygous for a single-gene recessive genetic trait. This means that their offspring:

have a 25% chance of expressing the trait

In a certain species of bird, the allele for red feathers (R) is dominant over the allele for green feathers (r). When a heterozygous red-feathered bird is mated with a green-feathered bird, what percentage of the offspring is likely to possess the red feather trait?

50%

A cross between two plants that have pink flowers produced offspring that have red, pink, or white flowers. Which is the most likely explanation for these results?

The allele for flower color shows incomplete dominance.

The offspring of sexual reproduction:

receives half of its genetic material from each parent.

The offspring of asexual reproduction:

receives all of its genetic material from one parent.

The typical sex chromosomes of a male human are

XY

Using special enzymes, scientists have been able to isolate the gene that controls the production of Protein A from one type of bacteria and insert the gene into another type of bacteria that does not normally produce Protein A. These bacteria then produce Protein A. What is the name of this technique?