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State and Local Government

State and Local Government, 8th Edition

State And Local Government

State And Local Government

Summary

The Sixth Edition of this best-selling text continues to provide the comprehensive and current coverage of institutions, political behavior, and policy-making at the state and local level. The strong policy orientation of the text, as well as its unifying theme of the increased capacity and responsibility of state and local governments have established this text as the standard for this course. Web resources in every chapter foster student interest in state and local politics and policy. An enhanced text-specific web site provides additional resources for instructors and students. Chapter 18, Environmental Policy, covers a broad range of issues to address the tension between economic and environmental interests. Overall revisions address the latest challenges facing the states as they try to overcome budget shortfalls and incorporate federal mandates. Breaking New Ground and Debating Politics boxes facilitate critical thinking and class discussion by presenting policy innovations and controversial issues. Updated coverage of e-government and the Internet explores the impact of technology on government and citizen participation.

Table of Contents

PREFACE

xi

Part One: The Context for State and Local Politics and Government

1 New Directions for State and Local Government

1

(23)

Studying State and Local Government in the Twenty-First Century

2

(3)

The Capacity of States and Localities

5

(10)

The People: Designers and Consumers of Government

15

(6)

Linking Capacity to Results

21

(1)

Chapter Recap

22

Breaking New Ground: Creating an Image

13

(11)

2 Federalism and the States

24

(31)

The Concept of Federalism

25

(3)

The History of U.S. Federalism

28

(10)

Models of Federalism

38

(3)

Intergovernmental Relations

41

(5)

Federal Purse Strings

46

(4)

The Future of Federalism

50

(3)

Chapter Recap

53

Debating Politics: Decriminalizing Medical Marijuana

52

(3)

3 State Constitutions

55

(25)

The Evolution of State Constitutions

57

(4)

Weaknesses of Constitutions

61

(4)

Constitutional Reform

65

(6)

Methods for Constitutional Change

71

(6)

State Responsiveness and Constitutional Reform

77

(1)

Chapter Recap

78

Debating Politics: The Unicameral Legislature

69

(11)

4 Citizen Participation and Elections

80

(31)

Participation

81

(7)

Elections

88

(5)

Election-Day Lawmaking

93

(8)

Citizen Access to Government

101

(5)

Volunteerism as Participation

106

(2)

The Effects of Citizen Participation

108

(1)

Chapter Recap

109

Debating Politics: Voting: It's Not Just for Old People

86

(19)

Breaking New Ground: E-Z Access to Government...and the Ballot Box

105

(6)

5 Political Parties, Interest Groups, and Campaigns

111

(30)

Political Parties

111

(10)

Interest Groups

121

(9)

Political Campaigns

130

(9)

Chapter Recap

139

Debating Politics: Third Parties: Also-Rans or Real Contenders?

119

(18)

Breaking New Ground: Rethinking Campaign Finance

137

(4)

Part Two: The Institutions of State Government

6 State Legislatures

141

(31)

The Essence of Legislatures

142

(2)

Legislative Dynamics

144

(11)

Legislative Behavior

155

(2)

How a Bill Becomes Law

157

(3)

Legislative Reform and Capacity

160

(5)

Relationship with the Executive Branch

165

(5)

Legislatures and Capacity

170

(1)

Chapter Recap

170

Debating Politics: Redistricting Politics in Texas: The Democrats Head for the Border

150

(3)

Breaking New Ground: Women Legislative Leaders

153

(19)

7 Governors

172

(35)

The Office of Governor

173

(5)

Being Governor: Duties and Responsibilities

178

(8)

Formal Powers of the Governor

186

(11)

Informal Powers

197

(4)

Removal from Office

201

(1)

Other Executive Branch Officials

202

(3)

The Capability of U.S. Governors

205

(1)

Chapter Recap

206

Breaking New Ground: A Vision Shared

185

(2)

Debating Politics: What Should the Governor Do?

187

(20)

8 Public Administration: Budgeting and Service Delivery

207

(36)

Public Employees in State and Local Government:

Who They Are, What They Do

209

(3)

Budgeting in State and Local Government

212

(8)

Human Resource Management Policy in State and Local Government: From Patronage to Merit

220

(10)

The Politics of Bureaucracy

230

(3)

Reinventing Government

233

(5)

The Quality of Public Administration

238

(2)

Chapter Recap

240

Debating Politics: Damned If You Do

211

(15)

Debating Politics: Is This Sexual Harassment?

226

(11)

Breaking New Ground: Re-engineering Government with Geographic Information Systems

237

(6)

9 The Judiciary

243

The Structure of State Court Systems

245

(4)

How Judges Are Selected

249

(9)

Judicial Decisionmaking

258

(6)

New Judicial Federalism

264

(2)

Administrative and Organizational Improvements in State Courts

266

(4)

Chapter Recap

270

Breaking New Ground: Cyberjuror

260

(8)

Debating Politics: Tort Reform

268

(4)

Part Three: Local Governments...and the States

10 The Structure of Local Government

272

(31)

Orientations to Communities

273

(3)

County Government

276

(4)

Municipal Government

280

(12)

Towns and Townships

292

(2)

Special Districts

294

(2)

School Districts

296

(2)

Communities and Governance

298

(2)

Chapter Recap

300

Debating Politics: Running Miami Like a Business

286

(2)

Breaking New Ground: Wal-Mart Versus Inglewood: Score 1 for the City

288

(15)

11 Local Leadership and Governance

303

(25)

Community Power

304

(6)

Local Executives

310

(8)

Local Legislatures

318

(7)

Leadership and Capacity

325

(1)

Chapter Recap

326

Debating Politics: Who's Got the Power?

309

(7)

Breaking New Ground: Strong Mayor + Strong Manager = Strong City?

316

(12)

12 State-Local Relations

328

(27)

The Distribution of Authority

330

(5)

State-Local Organizations

335

(2)

Metropolitics: A New Challenge for State Government

337

(10)

States and Urban Policy

347

(4)

States and Their Rural Communities

351

(1)

The Interaction of State and Local Governments

352

(1)

Chapter Recap

353

Debating Politics: Massachusetts Says "Adios" to Its Counties

329

(16)

Breaking New Ground: Killington, Vermont, Explores Its Options...in New Hampshire