The Missouri Press Association is an organization of newspapers in the state. Organized May 17, 1867, as the Editors and Publishers Association of Missouri, the name was changed in 1877 to the Missouri Press Association. In 1922, the association became a nonprofit corporation; a central office was opened under a field manager whose job it was to travel the state and help newspapers with problems. The association, located in Columbia, became the fifth press association in the nation to finance its headquarters through member contributions. The MPA's building was purchased in 1969. As a founder of institutions the Missouri Press Association aided in the establishment of the Confederate Soldiers' Home, the upbuilding of the normal schools, support of the public school system and advancement of the University of Missouri. The association founded the State Historical Society of Missouri in 1898 and today several of its members serve on the board of trustees. Greatest among its achievements is the establishment of the first school of journalism in the world in 1908. The Missouri School of Journalism at the University of Missouri­Columbia continues as the largest and foremost school of its kind. It will celebrate its centennial in September 2008. The association led the drive to fund the Chair in Community Newspaper Management at the School of Journalism and its donations helped fund the student lounge in the school's Lee Hills Hall. Through their association, the publishers in Missouri have worked to keep the press free and alert, as well as responsible; to keep it financially independent so it can render impartial public service; to understand changing trends in business and in reader needs. Activities of the association include setting up workshops, seminars, conventions, publishing of a magazine, The Missouri Press News, supplying information to members, helping newspapers find skilled personnel and assisting with the placement of students.

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On the occasion of its 100th anniversary in 1966, the association re-established the old Saline County Herald newspaper office in historic Arrow Rock and maintains a newspaper equipment museum in connection with it. The Missouri Press Foundation administers and funds seminars and workshops for newspaper people, supports Newspapers In Education programs, and funds scholarships and internships for Missouri students studying community journalism in college. Membership in the association is voluntary. All daily newspapers in the state are members and 99 percent of the weekly newspapers are members. In 2007, there were 252 weekly newspaper members and 48 daily members. The association also has 185 associate and sustaining members. It is supported wholly by dues paid by these members. The central office in Columbia has nine employees. Doug Crews serves as executive director by appointment of the board of directors.

OFFICIAL MANUAL extended from St. Louis County on the east to Jackson, Cass and Bates counties on the west and included all 28 counties through the central part of the state bordering the Missouri River on both sides. In these counties are located the State Capitol, University of Missouri, State Fair Grounds and the University of Central Missouri. The first organizational meeting of Northeast Missouri Publishers was held in Hannibal in November 1889. Meetings of this group were held up to and including 1896, after which the organization disintegrated and was succeeded by the Northeast Missouri Press Association, organized in 1920 in Kirksville with Charles H. Weisenborn, editor of the Macon Daily Chronicle-Herald as its first president. Officers, Show-Me Press Association, elected in June 2007: President: Trevor Vernon, Eldon; Vice president: John Spaar, Odessa; Secretary/treasurer: Sandy Nelson, Harrisonville; Directors: Stacey Rice, Drexel; Judy Spaar, Odessa; Past president/director: Gary Beissenherz, Concordia.

Missouri Advertising Managers' Association, Inc., was formed in May, 1948. Thomas F. Briggs of the Macon Chronicle-Herald was the first president. The organization was formed not only to help advertising managers, but, through the use of clinics, courses and exchanges of ideas, to benefit the buying public and merchants who purchase advertising space. The organization is concerned with the honesty, truth and equality of advertising in newspapers. Officers elected in April 2007: President: Steve Hutchings, Gainesville; First vice president: Trevor Vernon, Eldon; Second vice president: Bobbie Snodgrass, Joplin; Secretary: Jim Salzman, Jackson; Treasurer: Doug Crews, Columbia; Past president: Jane Haberberger, Washington; Directors: Debra Kiser, Jefferson City; Stacy Rice, Drexel; Dennis Warden, Owensville; Suzie Wilson, Milan.

The Show-Me Press Association was formed in June 1995 at Lake Ozark when members of the Central Missouri Press and Northeast Missouri Press associations voted to combine their organizations with one board of directors. The Central Missouri Press Association was organized February 27, 1925 in Jefferson City with 30 charter members. Edgar C. Nelson, then owner and publisher of the Boonville Advertiser, was elected the first president. The district

Missouri Associated Dailies

The Missouri Associated Dailies, composed of the daily newspapers of the state, was formed during the latter part of 1914. The objects and purposes of the Missouri Associated Dailies Association are: to advertise Missouri and its various sections in trade and advertising circles of the United States; to take whatever steps may be necessary toward obtaining

MISSOURI INFORMATION--NEWSPAPER ORGANIZATIONS increased advertising lineage both national and local, for the various members of the organization; to establish an effective exchange of business information between the various members of the organization; to discuss and consider subjects of interest to the members; and to endeavor to promote the growth and prosperity of its various members in particular and the newspapers of the state in general. Officers elected in September 2006: President: Joe May, Mexico; Secretary: Shelly Arth, Marshall; Treasurer: Doug Crews, Columbia; Past president: Larry Freels, Kirksville; Directors: Jack Whitaker, Hannibal; Arnie Robbins, St. Louis; Don Wyatt, Springfield; Dan Potter, Columbia; Randy Cope, Neosho.

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Missouri Circulation Management Association

Missouri Circulation Management Association was formed in June, 1948. Francis Pike, circulation manager of the Columbia Daily Tribune, was the first president. The purpose of the organization is to improve the profession of journalism through courses, clinics and exchanges of ideas related to newspaper distribution in order to benefit the buying public who subscribe to newspapers of the state. Officers: President: Brenda Carney, Harrisonville; First vice president: Jack Kaminsky, Joplin; Second vice president: Steve Edwards, St. Joseph; Secretary: David Pine, Kansas City; Treasurer: Doug Crews, Columbia; Directors: Jim Kennedy, Bolivar; Ken Carpenter, Kansas City; Rob Siebeneck, Jefferson City.

The Missouri and Kansas Associated Press Publishers and Editors Association is an organization of publishers and editors of Associated Press member newspapers in the two states. Its function is to provide guidance to the staff of the news cooperative on the state level. It meets once a year, in December. The Missouri association, formed in 1946, sponsors an annual newsphoto contest for Missouri and Kansas members. Officers are elected for two-year terms. Officers include: Chair: John Montgomery, Hutchinson, KS.

Democratic Editors of Missouri

The present Democratic Editors of Missouri organization had its beginning on June 5, 1894. A meeting of leading party editors of that day was held at Pertle Springs, a well-known resort near Warrensburg, and the first Democratic Press Association was formed. H. Martin Williams was the first president and U.A. McBride, then editor of the Warrensburg Journal-Democrat, was chosen secretary. It was named the Democratic Editorial Association of Missouri. Ten years later a statewide meeting of Democratic editors held in St. Louis changed the name to Missouri Democratic Press Association. George H. Scruton of the Sedalia Democrat was named president and served until his death two years later. For many years John C. Stapel of the Atchison County Mail at Rock Port was president. He was followed by W.C. Hewitt of the Shelby County Herald of Shelbyville. The interest of Mark R. Holloran, national Democratic committeeman from Missouri, in a strong party press led to the reorganization of the Democratic Editors of Missouri. He appeared at a breakfast meeting during a Missouri Press Association meeting in Kansas City in November, 1955, and called for an active Democratic press in Missouri. An advisory committee was named including: Edgar Blanton, Shelbina Democrat; Kay Miles, Benton County Guide; John Henry Cox, Atchison County Mail; Jess Stewart, Farmington Press; James C. Kirkpatrick, Windsor Review; and Ben F. Weir, Nevada Daily Mail. The organizational meeting was held March 24, 1956, in Jefferson City with the following officers elected: President, James C. Kirkpatrick; vice president, Edgar Blanton; secretary, Kay Miles; and treasurer, Lane Davis, Houston Herald.

Missouri Associated Press Managing Editors Association

The Missouri Associated Press Managing Editors Association is an organization of editors of state AP member newspapers that provides the AP with working-level input on its coverage of Missouri and the rest of the world. The association provides an opportunity for member editors to better understand the functions of the news service and to assist the cooperative in gathering and distributing news and photos in Missouri. It was organized in 1950 as the Missouri AP Wire Editors Association, when C.W. Johnson of the Springfield Newspapers, Inc. called a meeting at Sedalia. He was named the group's first chair. It became the Missouri APME in 1985. It has sponsored an annual news writing contest for member newspapers, held in the spring; an annual Jobs Fair to help Missouri editors recruit from Missouri universities and colleges, held in the fall, and periodically critiques the Missouri AP report. Officers: Chair: Carol Stark, Joplin; Past chair: Oliver Weist, Sedalia.

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OFFICIAL MANUAL In 1999, the St. Louis Chapter, now the Missouri Affiliate, established an educational scholarship fund for a mature woman pursuing a career in journalism, with matching funds provided by the Press Club of Metropolitan St. Louis and administered through the Journalism Foundation of metropolitan St. Louis.

Missouri Press Women was organized in Columbia, May 5, 1937. The original purpose of the group, as set forth in its constitution, is to secure the benefits of organized efforts; to foster mutual improvement through association; and to promote the highest ideals of journalism. Anyone residing or working in Missouri who qualifies as a professional communicator actively engaged in any aspect of the field of communications for remuneration, for at least one year immediately prior to application, may be eligible for active membership. Missouri Press Women became a charter member of the National Federation of Press Women, established in Chicago, Illinois, in 1937, on the date of the Missouri group's founding. Three Missouri members have served as national presidents: Bertha Bless, Weston, founding president of Missouri Press Women; Mattie Dykes, Maryville; and Mildred Planthold Michie, St. Clair. Officers: President: Karen Glines, Des Peres; Vice president: Fran Mannino, Kirkwood; Secretary: Peggy Koch, Barnhart; Treasurer: Dee Rabey, Granite City, IL; Past president: Susan Fadem, Olivette. In April 1999, the St. Louis Chapter became the Missouri Affiliate, taking responsibility for state functions. Members throughout the state may participate in professional workshops, seminars, programs and field trips planned by the Missouri Affiliate. The state group sponsors a Communicator of Achievement who is honored at the National Federation of Press Women meeting biennially. Each May, the Press Women gives the Virginia Betts White Quest Awards to professional communicators who excel and continuously represent the quest of the highest standards of professional ethics and excellence in the field of communications. The Missouri Affiliate sponsors annual contests for members and high school journalism students. Categories are specified in all fields of communication. First place winners in the state contest are entered automatically in the national contest. In 1971, MPW received the Sweepstakes Award for earning the most points in the national competition.

Northwest Missouri Press Association

The Northwest Missouri Press Association was organized in St. Joseph on November 20, 1891. There were 56 charter members. The association totals more than 150 members. The association initiated the movement to secure a field secretary for the Missouri Press Association and started the plan to advertise Missouri which led to the founding of the Greater Missouri Association. In 1962, the association dedicated a student lounge in Neff Hall at the University of Missouri School of Journalism, which it completely equipped and furnished. Officers elected in January 2007: President: Leslie Speckman, Savannah; Secretary: Kathy Conger, Bethany; Treasurer: W.C. Farmer, Rock Port; Directors: Dennis Ellsworth, St. Joseph; Chuck Haney, Chillicothe; Wendell Lenhart, Trenton; Chris Boultinghouse, Mound City; Steve Tinnen, Plattsburg; Jamey Honeycutt, Cameron; Kay Wilson, Maryville.

Ozark Press Association

The Ozark Press Association was organized in Springfield on November 30, 1889, as the Southwest Missouri Press Association, with an original membership of 30 owners and editors of newspapers in Southwest Missouri. The name was changed to the Ozark Press Association in November, 1911. The membership had then passed the 50 mark. The constitution had been changed to admit reporters, writers of news, and others connected with newspapers in Southwest Missouri. Now there are more than 100 members. At one time, the group met twice each year. One was a social gathering, usually in the fall at some resort in the area. The business meeting was held during the spring, at which time members and their families discussed newspaper problems and trends, saw exhibits by newspaper supply companies, and heard speakers prominent in journalism and other fields. Today, Ozark Press meets in the spring for its annual convention, and has sponsored several one-day workshops around the region. Officers elected in March 2007: President: Roger Dillon, Eminence; Vice president: Tianna Brooks, Mountain View; Secretary/treasurer: Sharon Vaughn, Summersville;

This information is provided through cooperation with individual newspaper publishers and the Missouri Press Association. Listings include: name of city; name of newspaper; website address (if available); physical address; name of publisher; name of editor or other personnel; publishing frequency (W­Weekly, D­Daily, M­ Monthly); and political affiliation (R­Republican, D­Democrat, L­Libertarian, Ind.­Independent, NP­Nonpartisan). Not all papers listed are legal newspapers as defined by Missouri law.

The first radio stations to begin operations in Missouri were KMBC-AM (now KMBZ) in Kansas City and WEW-AM in St. Louis. Both signed on the air in 1921. In the following years, the number of radio operations steadily increased as the first FM stations began broadcasting in 1948. Today, we have approximately 250 radio stations serving listeners in Missouri. Television broadcasting began in 1947 when KSD-TV (now KSDK) in St. Louis signed on the air, followed in 1949 by WDAF-TV in Kansas City. Federal policy suspended the granting of any further licenses until 1953. Shortly after licensing resumed, many additional television stations began operations. There are now approximately 45 commercial and public television stations broadcasting a variety of news, information and entertainment programs each day. The Missouri Broadcasters Association was formed August 15, 1948, in Kansas City. Missouri was the second state to have a full-time broadcast association. North Carolina's association was formed earlier that same year. From its

offices in Jefferson City, the MBA works for the broadcasters of Missouri, as well as allied organizations, to provide a variety of services. The MBA is governed by a four-person executive committee and an eight-person board of directors representing radio and television broadcasters. Board members are elected for two-year terms and may seek re-election for one additional term. In addition, there are four standing committees, each responsible for a specific area of service. There are a total of 42 members serving on these committees. The committees have three roles: to represent member interests in state and federal legislative and regulatory processes; maintain the MBA office as a resource center for training, revenue expansion, cost control and information; and encourage the highest standards in broadcasting. Since 1968, the Missouri Broadcasters Association has maintained a communications center on the first floor of the State Capitol. These facilities are available to radio and television broadcasters to aid in their coverage of state news. These facilities are also available to state officials and legislators for the recording of information to be sent to radio and television stations in Missouri. Currently, plans are being made to update this facility with the latest technology to better serve these purposes.

These newspaper, radio and television correspondents report on Missouri government from the Capitol. Other media representatives are also assigned by these and other news organizations for special reports. Room numbers, unless otherwise noted, are for the Missouri State Capitol, Jefferson City 65101. Associated Press, David Lieb, Kelly Wiese, PO Box 272, Jefferson City 65102-0272, (573) 6369415. E-mail: dlieb@ap.org; kwiese@ap.org Columbia Daily Tribune, Jason Rosenbaum, 101 N. Fourth St., Columbia 65201, (573) 815-1724 or (573) 636-6537. E-mail: jrosenbaum@tribmail. com

St. Louis County Library Lewis and Clark Branch St. Louis St. Louis County Library Meramec Valley Branch Fenton St. Louis County Library Mid-County Branch Clayton St. Louis County Library Natural Bridge Branch St. Louis St. Louis County Library Oak Bend Branch St. Louis St. Louis County Library Prairie Commons Branch Hazelwood St. Louis County Library Rock Road Branch St. Ann St. Louis County Library Samuel C. Sachs Branch Chesterfield St. Louis County Library Tesson Ferry Branch St. Louis St. Louis County Library Thornhill Branch St. Louis St. Louis County Library Weber Road Branch St. Louis St. Louis Public Library, Administrative Office St. Louis http://slpl.org/ St. Louis Public Library Baden Branch St. Louis St. Louis Public Library Barr Branch St. Louis St. Louis Public Library Buder Branch St. Louis St. Louis Public Library Cabanne Branch St. Louis St. Louis Public Library Carondelet Branch St. Louis St. Louis Public Library Carpenter Branch St. Louis

St. Charles City-County Library Middendorf-Kredell Branch O'Fallon St. Charles City-County Library North County Branch Portage Des Sioux St. Charles City-County Library South County Branch Augusta St. Charles City-County Library Spencer Road Branch St. Peters St. Clair County Library Osceola http://mostclair.lib.mo.us/ St. Joseph Public Library, Administrative Office St. Joseph http://sjpl.lib.mo.us/ St. Joseph Public Library Carnegie Branch St. Joseph St. Joseph Public Library Washington Park Branch St. Joseph St. Joseph Public Library East Hills Library St. Joseph St. Louis County Library, Administrative Office St. Louis www.slcl.org/ St. Louis County Library Bridgeton Trails Branch Bridgeton St. Louis County Library Cliff Cave Branch St. Louis St. Louis County Library Daniel Boone Branch Ballwin St. Louis County Library Eureka Hills Branch Eureka St. Louis County Library Florissant Valley Branch Florissant St. Louis County Library Grand Glaize Branch Manchester St. Louis County Library Indian Trails Branch Vinita Park St. Louis County Library Jamestown Bluffs Branch Florissant

An organization unique among the states, the Academy of Missouri Squires was founded in the fall of 1960 by Governor James T. Blair Jr., who established it with a ceiling of 100 members. Governor Blair's purpose was to establish an organization to honor Missourians for their accomplishments at all levels--community, state or nation. Governor Blair appointed the first class of 10 Squires after consulting leaders in every section of the state. Each succeeding class has been elected by the membership of the Academy, after receiving nominations from the public as well as from the membership of the Academy. The governor and former governors of Missouri are automatically members. Squires are listed by class. Present addresses are noted in parentheses when different from address at time of election.

Consulates are the offices established by countries for their representatives (consuls) living in certain foreign cities and serving the country's citizens and business interests there. The Missouri Consular Corps is compromised of foreign service officers from nations maintaining friendly relations with the United States. These officials, recognized by the U.S. State Department, are headquartered in Kansas City and St. Louis. They perform trade and diplomatic services for their own citizens and for United States citizens. Key: DG--Director General; HC--Honorary Consul; C--Consul; HVC--Honorary Vice Consul; HCG--Honorary Consul General; HCA--Honorary Consular Agent; HAC--Honorary Acting Consul.

The Missouri Local Government Employees' Retirement System (LAGERS) was established under legislation that became effective August 13, 1967, to provide retirement for employees of local government units. Approximately 44,000 employees and retirants of 515 political subdivisions are presently participating. The system is governed by a board of trustees, which includes three members elected by governing bodies of participating subdivisions; three members elected by employee members and one public member appointed by the governor.

The Public School Retirement System of Missouri includes the public school districts of Missouri, except St. Louis and Kansas City; public junior community colleges in Missouri; and cer-

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OFFICIAL MANUAL The Missouri Consolidated Health Care Plan is governed by a thirteen member board including: the director of the Department of Insurance, Financial Institutions and Professional Registration, director of the Department of Health, commissioner of the Office of Administration, two representatives from the House of Representatives, two representatives from the Senate and six members appointed by the governor. Three of the six members are not members of MCHCP. The remaining three members are members of the plan either as a state or public entity member.

tificated members and employees of the board of the system. The system began operations on July 1, 1946, and as of June 30, 2006, the system had 87,293 active members and 38,110 retirees. The system is financed by contributions of members and the employing school districts in equal amounts and by interest earned on investment of contributions. Administering the program is a seven-member board of trustees. Three members are appointed by the governor, and four are elected for four-year terms by the members and retirees.

Public Education Employee Retirement System of Missouri

The Public Education Employee Retirement System of Missouri (formerly Non-Teacher School Employee Retirement System of Missouri) began operations in 1965. As of June 30, 2006, it included 66,112 active employees and 16,760 retirees of public school districts, except those in St. Louis and Kansas City. Financing of the two systems is similar and the same board administers both programs.

The Missouri Consolidated Health Care Plan (MCHCP) was created through legislation passed in May 1992 transferring the administration of the health care program for most of the state's employees and retirees from the Missouri State Employees' Retirement System (MOSERS) to MCHCP. MCHCP officially began operation on January 1, 1994. The legislation also allowed other non-state public entities to join MCHCP. MCHCP began providing access to health insurance for public entities as of January 1995. Types of public entities qualifying for MCHCP coverage include cities, counties, and school districts. MCHCP provides coverage for over 108,000 state and public entity members, retirees and their dependents offering various types of health insurance plans, including health maintenance organization (HMO), point of service (POS) and preferred provider organization (PPO) plans.

The Missouri State Employees' Retirement System (MOSERS) was established by law in 1957. The system is responsible for administration of the retirement program for all state employees (other than employees of the Highway Commission, the Highway Patrol and the University of Missouri). Effective September 1, 1972, the program became noncontributory for members with the state becoming the sole contributor. The system also provides life insurance coverage of one times annual pay for active members and $5,000 for retired members, with optional group life insurance coverage available at the expense of the members. The system is also responsible for administration of the state's long-term disability program for most state employees.

MISSOURI INFORMATION--UNASSIGNED BOARDS AND COMMISSIONS The system operates under the direction and control of an 11-member board of trustees made up of the state treasurer, commissioner of administration, two members each of the House and Senate, two members appointed by the governor, two active members elected by the active members and one retired member elected by the retired members.

The Missouri Department of Transportation and Highway Patrol Employees' Retirement System was established under legislation, which became effective in 1955, to provide retirement benefits for employees of the Missouri Department of Transportation and the State Highway Patrol. The system has approximately 17,000 members. Financing of the system is generally from highway funds and investment income. The system is governed by a 10-member board of trustees made up of three members of the Highways and Transportation Commission, the director of the Department of Transportation, the superintendent of the Highway Patrol, one member of the Senate, one member of the House of Representatives, one active member of the Department of Transportation, one active member of the State Highway Patrol and one retired member of the system.

Entered the Union: August 10, 1821 (24th state). Capitol: Jefferson City. Present Constitution adopted: 1945. Motto: &quot;Salus populi suprema lex esto&quot; which is Latin for &quot;The welfare of the people shall be the supreme law.&quot; Nickname: The Show Me State. Origin of state name: &quot;Missouri&quot; is most likely a French rendition of the Algonquian word meaning &quot;town of large canoes.&quot; Land area in square miles (national rank): 68,945 (18). Number of counties: 114 with one independent city (St. Louis). Largest county: Texas--1,180 square miles. Smallest county: Worth--266 square miles.

The following are some of the rules of flag etiquette regarding the time and manner of display and disposal of the flag of the United States of America pursuant to Title 4, Chapter 1 of the United States Code. · It is the universal custom to display the flag only from sunrise to sunset on buildings and on stationary flagstaffs in the open. However, when a patriotic effect is desired, the flag may be displayed 24 hours a day if properly illuminated during the hours of darkness. · No other flag or pennant should be placed above or, if on the same level, to the right of the flag of the United States of America, except during church services conducted by naval chaplains at sea, when the church pennant may be flown above the flag during services for the personnel of the Navy. · No person shall display the flag of the United Nations or any other national or international flag equal, above, or in a position of superior prominence or honor to, or in place of, the flag of the United States at any place within the United States or any Territory or possession thereof; provided, that nothing in this section shall make unlawful the continuance of the practice heretofore followed of displaying the flag of the United Nations in a position of superior prominence or honor, and other national flags in positions of equal prominence or honor, with that of the flag of the United States at the headquarters of the United Nations. · When flags of States, cities, or localities, or pennants of societies are flown on the same halyard with the flag of the United States, the latter should always be at the peak. When the flags are flown from adjacent staffs, the flag of the United States should be hoisted first and lowered last. No such flag or pennant may be placed above the flag of the United States or to the United States flag's right. · The flag of the United States of America, when it is displayed with another flag against a wall from crossed staffs, should be on the right, the flag's own right, and its staff should be in front of the staff of the other flag. · The flag of the United States of America should be at the center and at the highest point of the group when a number of flags of States or localities or pennants of societies are grouped and displayed from staffs. · When the flags of two or more nations are displayed, they are to be flown from separate

staffs of the same height. The flags are to be of approximately equal size. International usage forbids the display of the flag of one nation above that of another nation in time of peace. · When displayed either horizontally or vertically against a wall, the union should be uppermost and to the flag's own right, that is, to the observer's left. When displayed in a window, the flag should be displayed in the same way, with the union or blue field to the left of the observer in the street. · When used on a speaker's platform, the flag if displayed flat, should be displayed above and behind the speaker. When displayed from a staff in a church or public auditorium, the flag of the United States of America should hold the position of superior prominence, in advance of the audience, and in the position of honor at the clergyman's or speaker's right as he faces the audience. Any other flag so displayed should be placed on the left of the clergyman or speaker or to the right of the audience. · The flag, when flown at half-staff, should be hoisted to the peak for an instant and then lowered to the half-staff position. On Memorial Day the flag should be displayed at half-staff until noon only, then raised to the top of the staff. By order of the President, the flag should be flown at half-staff upon the death of principal figures of the United States Government and the Governor of a State, Territory, or possession, as a mark of respect to their memory. In the event of the death of other officials or foreign dignitaries, the flag is to be displayed at half-staff according to Presidential instructions or orders, or in accordance with recognized customs or practices not inconsistent with law. · In the event of the death of a present or former official of the government of any State, Territory, or possession of the United States, the governor of the state, territory, or possession may proclaim that the national flag shall be flown at half-staff. · The flag should be hoisted briskly and lowered ceremoniously. · The flag should be displayed in or near every polling place on election days. · The flag should be displayed during school days in or near every schoolhouse. · The flag, when it is such that it is no longer a fitting emblem for display, should be destroyed in a dignified way, preferably by burning.

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The Pledge of Allegiance

I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.