The 1926Rock Island Independents season was their only season in the first American Football League, after jumping to the upstart league from the National Football League. The team finished 2–6 in league play and 2–7–2 overall, earning them seventh place in the league. The Independents struggled to bring in 5000 fans to its home games and later became a traveling team after having poor attendance in its first three games.[1] The AFL folded after the 1926 and the Independents did not rejoin the NFL. They instead played as a minor, semi-pro team in 1927, then folded.[2]

1.
Rock Island Independents
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The Rock Island Independents were a professional American football team based in Rock Island, Illinois. One of the first professional teams, they were founded in 1907 by Demetrius Clements as an independent club. They later played in what is now the National Football League from 1920 to 1925 and they joined the first American Football League in 1926, but folded along with the league in 1927. They played in Douglas Park and Browning Field, Walter Flanigan owned the team from 1915 to 1923, Dale Johnson took over and owned the team until 1926, when the team eventually folded. The Independents overall NFL record was 26–14–9, with five winning seasons in six years, the Independents were first formed in 1907, when a group of men formed an independent team with no athletic club affiliation, no social club ties and no corporate company backing or sponsorship. As a result, the team was named the Independents, the team went undefeated and unscored upon in five games. Many of the players from that 1910 team reunited in 1912, under the leadership of John Roche. In 1913 Walter Flanigan joined the Independents as a backup end, by 1915, Flanigan was the owner of the team. During his tenure, Flanigan promoted the Independents by scheduling two games in 1917 against the Minneapolis Marines, who were considered one of the toughest teams in the Midwest and this contest helped the Independents gain national attention. Rock Island lost to the Marines by a score of 7–3, however they were defeated by a wider margin, 33–7, in the second game at Minneapolis. Flanigan then brought in players from outside the Rock Island area to build on the team, in 1919, he hired Rube Ursella of the Marines to serve as a player-coach. Ursella brought several other Minneapolis players with him and these new players would later help get the team an invitation to join the NFL. The Independents lost only to the Hammond Pros, led by George Halas in 1919, Flanigan then challenged the Canton Bulldogs to a championship game, offering a $5,000 guarantee if they would come to Rock Island for the game. But Canton, which had won the Ohio League championship by defeating their arch-rivals. However the Independents still had defeated the Columbus Panhandles 49–0 and the Indians 17–0 that season, in 1919, prior to the establishment of the National Football League, they claimed to be Champions of the USA. Flanigan eagerly joined the new American Professional Football Association and he was present at the September 17,1920, meeting at Ralph Hays Hupmobile dealership which established the league. Flanigan made his team a charter member of the league. On September 26,1920, the first game featuring a team from the APFA was played at Douglas Park, the Independents were victorious as they defeated the St. Paul Ideals 48–0

2.
National Football League
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The National Football League is a professional American football league consisting of 32 teams, divided equally between the National Football Conference and the American Football Conference. The NFL is one of the four professional sports leagues in North America. The NFLs 17-week regular season runs from the week after Labor Day to the week after Christmas, with each team playing 16 games, the NFL was formed in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association before renaming itself the National Football League for the 1922 season. The NFL agreed to merge with the American Football League in 1966, and the first Super Bowl was held at the end of that season, the merger was completed in 1970. Today, the NFL has the highest average attendance of any sports league in the world and is the most popular sports league in the United States. S. The NFLs executive officer is the commissioner, who has authority in governing the league. The team with the most NFL championships is the Green Bay Packers with thirteen, the current NFL champions are the New England Patriots, who defeated the Atlanta Falcons 34–28 in Super Bowl LI. Another meeting held on September 17,1920 resulted in the renaming of the league to the American Professional Football Association, the league hired Jim Thorpe as its first president, and consisted of 14 teams. Only two of these teams, the Decatur Staleys and the Chicago Cardinals, remain, the first event occurred on September 26,1920 when the Rock Island Independents defeated the non-league St. Paul Ideals 48–0 at Douglas Park. On October 3,1920, the first full week of league play occurred, the following season resulted in the Chicago Staleys controversially winning the title over the Buffalo All-Americans. In 1922, the APFA changed its name to the National Football League, in 1932, the season ended with the Chicago Bears and the Portsmouth Spartans tied for first in the league standings. This method had used since the leagues creation in 1920. The league quickly determined that a game between Chicago and Portsmouth was needed to decide the leagues champion. Playing with altered rules to accommodate the playing field, the Bears won the game 9–0. Fan interest in the de facto championship game led the NFL, beginning in 1933, the 1934 season also marked the first of 12 seasons in which African Americans were absent from the league. The de facto ban was rescinded in 1946, following public pressure, the NFL was always the foremost professional football league in the United States, it nevertheless faced a large number of rival professional leagues through the 1930s and 1940s. Rival leagues included at least three separate American Football Leagues and the All-America Football Conference, on top of regional leagues of varying caliber. Three NFL teams trace their histories to these leagues, including the Los Angeles Rams

3.
Los Angeles Wildcats
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The Los Angeles Wildcats was a traveling team of the first American Football League that was not based in its nominal home city but in Chicago, Illinois. Coached by Jim Clark, the team was designed to be a showcase for University of Washington star back George “Wildcat” Wilson. Compared to most traveling teams in football, the Wildcats were successful, compiling a 6-6-2 record in the only season of the team’s –. The existence of the Wildcats began with the 1926 formation of the American Football League by C. C, Pyle, a sports agent who represented star back Red Grange. Pyle’s application for a National Football League franchise in New York was rejected as Tim Mara, armed with a five-year lease at Yankee Stadium, Pyle subsequently announced the formation of the American Football League as a showcase for his client. The league was also a showcase for another Pyle client who was an All-American on the West Coast and his solution was novel, establish a traveling team nominally representing Los Angeles and headed by Wilson. The team would be based in Moline, Illinois and would have no home stadium, virtually all of the players of the team attended colleges sited west of the Rocky Mountains. The team was owned by C. C, Pyle and Red Grange, who also owned another AFL team and had stock in a third. The three teams and league champion Philadelphia Quakers were the four teams still in existence at the end of league play on December 12,1926. Upon the completion of a tour, the Wildcats closed up shop after only one year of existence. As the team began play, it became evident that Wilson was not the only weapon that the Wildcats had. Furthermore, no fewer than four Wildcats handled the job at one time or another. Immediately after tying the Chicago Bulls in Comiskey Park, the team trekked to Toronto’s Maple Leaf Stadium for a game with the New York Yankees, which also played games on back-to-back days. It was not the first weekend in which the Wildcats played on consecutive days, only two official AFL games were left to play in December 1926. With the dissolution of the American Football League, the Wildcats ceased to exist after the game in San Francisco, wildcat Wilson joined the Providence Steam Roller for the 1927 NFL season. He became a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1976

4.
Clinton, Illinois
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Clinton is the largest city in DeWitt County, Illinois, United States. The population was 7,225 at the 2010 census and it is the county seat of DeWitt County. The city and the county are named for DeWitt Clinton, governor of New York, Clinton Nuclear Generating Station is located six miles away on Clinton Lake. Clinton is centrally located in the heart of Illinois, at 40°9′8″N 88°57′33″W, accessible from Routes 51,54, according to the 2010 census, Clinton has a total area of 3.38 square miles, all land. The city was founded in 1835 by Jesse W. Fell of Bloomington, Illinois, a speculator and lawyer, and James Allen. The two men were on their way from Decatur, Illinois back to Bloomington after a business trip and it occurred to them that this was an ideal location for a settlement, as there was nothing else nearby. They named the town in honor of DeWitt Clinton, Clinton is on the 8th Judicial Circuit, on which Abraham Lincoln traveled, along with Judge David Davis, for twenty years. Lincoln acted as lawyer because lawyers were scarce in the area at the time, one of the two registered historical locations in DeWitt County, the C. H. Moore House, is located in Clinton. The house was purchased and improved by lawyer Clifton H. Moore in the 1880s, Moores private library of more than 7,000 volumes was left to the city upon his death in 1901. These books would make up the first collection of the Vespasian Warner Public Library, founded by, in 1858, Abraham Lincoln gave a speech in Clinton to which the following quotation has been attributed, on Sept.18, according to Carl Sandburg. However, there is no transcript of the speech. Lincolns collected papers has a version of the speech taken from a copy in the Bloomington Pantagraph which doesnt contain it. It has also attributed to a speech by Lincoln in Bloomington. As of the census of 2000, there were 7,485 people,3,157 households, the population density was 2,821.2 people per square mile. There were 3,395 housing units at a density of 1,279.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 97. 11% White,0. 84% African American,0. 20% Native American,0. 19% Asian,0. 04% Pacific Islander,0. 92% from other races, and 0. 69% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2. 23% of the population,32. 5% of all households were made up of individuals and 15. 0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the family size was 2.97

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International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker

6.
1920 Rock Island Independents season
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The 1920 Rock Island Independents season was the American football franchises thirteenth season and inaugural season in the American Professional Football Association. The Independents hosted first ever APFA/National Football League contest on September 26,1920, after the AFPA had been formed on September 17,1920, Douglas Park was the venue as the Independents hosted the St. Paul Ideals, winning 48-0 in the new leagues first contest. The Independents entered the season coming off a nine-win, one-loss, one-tie record in 1919 as an independent team, which the team proclaimed to be the Champions of the USA. After the 1919 season, several representatives from the Ohio League, another American football league, wanted to form a new league, thus. A majority of the team stayed from the 1919 team, including the coaching staff, the Independents opened the season with a win against the St. Paul Ideals, a non-APFA team. This was the first game in the history of the APFA, the team played all but one game at their home field, Douglas Park, and ended the season with a 6–2–2 record, which placed the team tied-for-fourth in the league standings. The sportswriter Bruce Copeland compiled the All-Pro list for the 1920 season, Fred Denfield, Dewey Lyle, and Ed Novak made the first-team, Obe Wenig and Ed Shaw made the second-team, and Walt Buland and Freeman Fitzgerald made the third-team. Of all the players on the roster, only Ed Healey has been enshrined in the Pro Football Hall of Fame, the Rock Island Independents finished 9–1–1 in their 1919 season, claiming the National Championship. The team lost Wes Bradshaw, Leland Dempsey, Al Jorgenson, Loyal Robb, Fats Smith, Red Swanson, and co-coach John Roche. After the 1919 season, representatives of the Canton Bulldogs, the Cleveland Tigers, the Dayton Triangles, at the meeting, they tentatively agreed on a salary cap and pledged not to sign college players or players already under contract with other teams. They also agreed on a name for the circuit, the American Professional Football Conference and they then invited other professional teams to a second meeting on September 17. Representatives of the Buffalo All-Americans and Rochester Jeffersons could not attend the meeting, team representatives changed the leagues name slightly to the American Professional Football Association and elected officers, installing Jim Thorpe as president. Under the new structure, teams created their schedules dynamically as the season progressed. Also, representatives of each team voted to determine the winner of the APFA trophy. September 26,1920, at Douglas Park, Rock Island, Illinois To start its 1920 season and this was the Ideals second game of the season, coming off a 14–7 victory the week prior. Coach Flanigan had Fred Chicken, Bobby Marshall, and Freeman Fitzgerald—the 1919 Independents main stars—in reserve in case he needed to play them, the Independents shutout the Ideals, winning 48–0. Every touchdown by the Independents were rushing, in the first quarter, Ed Novak and Chicken both scored, Novak and Jerry Mansfield scored in the second quarter. The Independents scored 14 points in the quarter with touchdowns from Ray Kuehl

7.
Rock Island, Illinois
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Rock Island is a city in and the county seat of Rock Island County, Illinois, United States. The original Rock Island, from which the city name is derived, is the largest island on the Mississippi River and it is now called Arsenal Island. The population was 39,018 at the 2010 census, located on the Mississippi River, it is one of the Quad Cities, along with neighboring Moline, East Moline, and the Iowa cities of Davenport and Bettendorf. The Quad Cities has a population of about 380,000, the city is home to Rock Island Arsenal, the largest government-owned weapons manufacturing arsenal in the US, which employs 6,000 people. Theres a wide variety of housing available in Rock Island including historic homes, new downtown condos, new construction in the heart of the city, the Rock Island-Milan School District, Rockridge School District along with private schools, serve the city. The District has art galleries and theaters, nightclubs and coffee shops, golf courses, parks, a casino, botanical center, marina, historic tours, bike paths, and festivals offer entertainment opportunities. In 2015 Rock Island was ranked the 32nd Best Small City in the based on economic health, affordability. Rock Island made the list of the nations 25 Most Affordable Housing Markets and this area has been a fortuitous place first for settlement and then for steamboat traffic, bridges, and railroads. Various Native American tribes occupied this area for thousands of years before settlement, by the early nineteenth century, it was occupied chiefly by the historic Sauk tribe. Their major village of Saukenuk was located on the side of Rock Island. After the War of 1812, the United States built Fort Armstrong on the island for defensive reasons in 1816, Saukenuk was the birthplace of the Sauk war chief Black Hawk, for whom the Black Hawk War of 1831–1832 was named. Fort Armstrong served as the US militarys headquarters for the war, today the Black Hawk State Historic Site, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, includes much of the site of the original village of Saukenuk. The park includes a museum and a number of hiking trails along the Rock River, the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad was founded here in 1851. It was informally known as the Rock Island Line, as part of later nineteenth-century development, two first-class hotels, the Harper House and the Rock Island House were built in town. Rock Island Arsenal has manufactured military equipment and ordnance for the U. S. Army since the 1880s, the railroad was liquidated in bankruptcy in 1980. The first railroad bridge across the Mississippi River was built between Arsenal Island and Davenport in 1856, two weeks after the bridge opened, the steamboat Effie Afton collided with the bridge, caught fire, and damaged the bridge. The owner of the Effie Afton sued the company for damages. This test case was appealed to the United States Supreme Court, although the original bridge is long gone, a monument exists on Arsenal Island marking the Illinois side

8.
Illinois
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Illinois is a state in the midwestern region of the United States, achieving statehood in 1818. It is the 6th most populous state and 25th largest state in terms of land area, the word Illinois comes from a French rendering of a native Algonquin word. For decades, OHare International Airport has been ranked as one of the worlds busiest airports, Illinois has long had a reputation as a bellwether both in social and cultural terms and politics. With the War of 1812 Illinois growth slowed as both Native Americans and Canadian forces often raided the American Frontier, mineral finds and timber stands also had spurred immigration—by the 1810s, the Eastern U. S. Railroads arose and matured in the 1840s, and soon carried immigrants to new homes in Illinois, as well as being a resource to ship their commodity crops out to markets. Railroads freed most of the land of Illinois and other states from the tyranny of water transport. By 1900, the growth of jobs in the northern cities and coal mining in the central and southern areas attracted a new group of immigrants. Illinois was an important manufacturing center during both world wars, the Great Migration from the South established a large community of African Americans in Chicago, who created the citys famous jazz and blues cultures. Three U. S. presidents have been elected while living in Illinois, Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, additionally, Ronald Reagan, whose political career was based in California, was the only U. S. president born and raised in Illinois. Today, Illinois honors Lincoln with its official slogan, Land of Lincoln. The Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum is located in the capital of Springfield. Illinois is the spelling for the early French Catholic missionaries and explorers name for the Illinois Native Americans. American scholars previously thought the name Illinois meant man or men in the Miami-Illinois language and this etymology is not supported by the Illinois language, as the word for man is ireniwa and plural men is ireniwaki. The name Illiniwek has also said to mean tribe of superior men. The name Illinois derives from the Miami-Illinois verb irenwe·wa he speaks the regular way and this was taken into the Ojibwe language, perhaps in the Ottawa dialect, and modified into ilinwe·. The French borrowed these forms, changing the ending to spell it as -ois. The current spelling form, Illinois, began to appear in the early 1670s, the Illinois name for themselves, as attested in all three of the French missionary-period dictionaries of Illinois, was Inoka, of unknown meaning and unrelated to the other terms. American Indians of successive cultures lived along the waterways of the Illinois area for thousands of years before the arrival of Europeans, the Koster Site has been excavated and demonstrates 7,000 years of continuous habitation

9.
Walter Flanigan
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Walter Harrison Flanigan was an American football player and owner of the Rock Island Independents. He was also one of the co-founders of the National Football League, Flanigan joined the Independents as a backup end in 1912. For the following two seasons, he served as the assistant manager, under then-manager Jack Roche. He then became the manager of the team in 1915, Flanigan soon promoted the Independents by scheduling two games in 1917 against the Minneapolis Marines, who were the self-proclaimed North West Pro Champs. This contest would help the Independents gain national attention, Rock Island lost to the Marines by close score of 7–3. However they were defeated by a margin, 33–7, at the second game held in Minneapolis. However World War I and the draft put a temporary halt to Flanigans plans of expanding the team into new markets. However once the war ended, Flanigan brought in players from outside the Rock Island area to build on the team, in 1919, he hired Rube Ursella of the Marines to serve as a player-coach. Rube brought several other Minneapolis players with him and these new players would later help get the team an invitation to join the NFL. The Independents lost only to the Hammond Pros, led by George Halas in 1919, however the Independents still had defeated several Ohio League teams that season, such as the Cincinnati Celts, the Columbus Panhandles and the Akron Indians. Flanigan then challenged the Canton Bulldogs to a game, offering a $5,000 guarantee if they would come to Rock Island for the game. However Canton, which had won the Ohio League championship by defeating their arch-rivals. However, from Rock Islands viewpoint, the Bulldogs were afraid to play the Independents and that was enough for the Independents to claim the U. S. pro title for themselves. In 1920, Flanigan eagerly joined, and helped found, the new American Professional Football Association, five of their six losses were to George Halas and the Decatur Staleys/Chicago Staleys/Chicago Bears. Flanigan then ordered the teams tackle, Ed Healey relieve Coughlin, once Coughlin was safely on his way toward the sideline, Healey delivered a message to Jimmy Conzelman from Flanigan, it read, Coughlin was fired. This act marked the first and only time an owner hired a new coach in the middle of a game, in 1922, Flanigan sold the contract of Ed Healey, who was viewed as an erratic tackle who never would mature, to Halas for $200. However, Healey soon became a star for the Bears and would later be inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1964, in 1923, Flanigan left the Independents to concentrate on his real estate and insurance businesses. In 1917 Flanigan worked as a sergeant with the Rock Island Police Department

10.
Jimmy Conzelman
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James Gleason Dunn Conzelman was an American football player and coach, baseball executive, and advertising executive. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1964 and was selected in 1969 as a quarterback on the National Football League 1920s All-Decade Team. A native of St. Louis, Conzelman played college football for the 1918 Great Lakes Navy Bluejackets team that won the 1919 Rose Bowl, in 1919, he was an All-Missouri Valley Conference quarterback for the Washington University Pikers football team. He was also an owner in Detroit and, as player-coach. He served as coach of the NFLs Chicago Cardinals from 1940 to 1942. He led the Cardinals to an NFL championship in 1947 and Western Division championships in 1947 and 1948 and he was also an executive with St. Louis Browns in Major League Baseball from 1943 to 1945. Conzelman was born James Gleason Ryan Dunn in St. Louis, Missouri and he was the son of James Dunn and Marguerite Ryan, though his father died when he was still a baby. In 1902, his mother married a dentist, Oscar Conzelman, Conzelman attended Loyola Academy and later Central High School in St. Louis. He began playing football as a halfback at Central High in 1914, after a realignment of high school districts in 1915, Conzelman attended McKinley High School. He led the 1915 McKinley football team to a league championship, Conzelman enrolled at Washington University in St. Louis in 1916. He played freshman football that year but enlisted in the United States Navy when the United States entered World War I in 1917 and he was stationed at the Great Lakes Naval Station north of Chicago. During two years of service, he played for the Naval Stations football, baseball, and basketball teams and he also took up boxing while in the Navy and won a championship in the middleweight division. He was the quarterback of the 1918 Great Lakes Navy Bluejackets football team that defeated previously undefeated Navy, Conzelmans teammates on the 1918 Great Lakes team included George Halas and Paddy Driscoll, all three of whom were later inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame. After the war, Conzelman turned down offers to become a professional boxer and he played for the 1919 Washington Pikers football team that compiled a 5–2 record and outscored opponents 127 to 30. Conzelman was selected as the All-Missouri Valley Conference quarterback for 1919 and he also was the catcher for the 1920 Washington University baseball team and organized an orchestra, played banjo, and wrote songs while attending Washington University. During the spring semester of 1920, Conzelman lost his eligibility to play due to academic deficiencies. His father had died in May 1919, and he withdrew from school to help support his mother and younger siblings. In June 1920, Conzelman announced that he would not return to Washington University in the fall and he spent the summer leading an orchestra in Arkansas

Rock Island Independents
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The Rock Island Independents were a professional American football team based in Rock Island, Illinois. One of the first professional teams, they were founded in 1907 by Demetrius Clements as an independent club. They later played in what is now the National Football League from 1920 to 1925 and they joined the first American Football League in 192

1.
Rock Island Independents 1919 "Champions of the USA"

2.
Rock Island Independents

National Football League
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The National Football League is a professional American football league consisting of 32 teams, divided equally between the National Football Conference and the American Football Conference. The NFL is one of the four professional sports leagues in North America. The NFLs 17-week regular season runs from the week after Labor Day to the week after C

1.
The headquarters of the National Football League at 345 Park Avenue, Midtown Manhattan, New York City, U.S.

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National Football League

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The Akron Pros won the first APFA (NFL) Championship.

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NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell

Los Angeles Wildcats
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The Los Angeles Wildcats was a traveling team of the first American Football League that was not based in its nominal home city but in Chicago, Illinois. Coached by Jim Clark, the team was designed to be a showcase for University of Washington star back George “Wildcat” Wilson. Compared to most traveling teams in football, the Wildcats were success

1.
Program and Team Photo from 1926

Clinton, Illinois
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Clinton is the largest city in DeWitt County, Illinois, United States. The population was 7,225 at the 2010 census and it is the county seat of DeWitt County. The city and the county are named for DeWitt Clinton, governor of New York, Clinton Nuclear Generating Station is located six miles away on Clinton Lake. Clinton is centrally located in the h

International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning

1.
A 13-digit ISBN, 978-3-16-148410-0, as represented by an EAN-13 bar code

1920 Rock Island Independents season
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The 1920 Rock Island Independents season was the American football franchises thirteenth season and inaugural season in the American Professional Football Association. The Independents hosted first ever APFA/National Football League contest on September 26,1920, after the AFPA had been formed on September 17,1920, Douglas Park was the venue as the

1.
Team photograph of the 1919 Rock Island Independents, when the team claimed the USA Championship.

2.
Douglas Park, home of the Independents, circa 1920

3.
Walter Flanigan, manager of the 1920 Rock Island Independents

Rock Island, Illinois
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Rock Island is a city in and the county seat of Rock Island County, Illinois, United States. The original Rock Island, from which the city name is derived, is the largest island on the Mississippi River and it is now called Arsenal Island. The population was 39,018 at the 2010 census, located on the Mississippi River, it is one of the Quad Cities,

Illinois
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Illinois is a state in the midwestern region of the United States, achieving statehood in 1818. It is the 6th most populous state and 25th largest state in terms of land area, the word Illinois comes from a French rendering of a native Algonquin word. For decades, OHare International Airport has been ranked as one of the worlds busiest airports, Il

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Mississippian copper plate found at the Saddle Site in Union County, Illinois

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Flag

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Illinois in 1718, approximate modern state area highlighted, from Carte de la Louisiane et du cours du Mississipi by Guillaume de L'Isle.

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Native women and children fleeing the Battle of Bad Axe during the Black Hawk War

Walter Flanigan
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Walter Harrison Flanigan was an American football player and owner of the Rock Island Independents. He was also one of the co-founders of the National Football League, Flanigan joined the Independents as a backup end in 1912. For the following two seasons, he served as the assistant manager, under then-manager Jack Roche. He then became the manager

1.
Walter Flanigan

Jimmy Conzelman
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James Gleason Dunn Conzelman was an American football player and coach, baseball executive, and advertising executive. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1964 and was selected in 1969 as a quarterback on the National Football League 1920s All-Decade Team. A native of St. Louis, Conzelman played college football for the 1918 Great