Lecture Final lecture 13 - B32.doc

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School

University of Toronto Scarborough

Department

Psychology

Course

PSYB32H3

Professor

Konstantine Zakzanis

Semester

Fall

Description

Chapter 11 - Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
- psychotic disorder characterized by major disturbances in thought, emotion and behaviour
- Disordered thinking in which ideas are not logically related, faulty perception and attention, flat
or inappropriate affect, and bizarre disturbances in motor activity
1% will suffer from schizophrenia (higher in men)
•
• rare, but can start in childhood/late teens
• men have it earlier than female
• acute episodes = early onset of the disorder
-> positive/psychotic symptoms - brings the patient’s attention to the doctors
-> heterogeneous (functional outcome can differ greatly)
-> 50% or more have a commorbit disorder (typically a personality disorder
(paranoid,avoidance))
• not a one person disorder
Clinical Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Positive/Psychotic Symptoms (acute; too much of a behavior - added to their personality)
• excesses or distortions
• disorganized speech (thought disorder)
• incoherence
• loose associations
• made up words
• percetitive speech - repetition (echo)
• delusions(beliefs that held contrary to reality)
• hallucinations
• thought broadcasting (someone stealing their thoughts)
Negative Symptoms (strong predictors; connected to cognitive issues)
behaviour deflicts
•
• avolition (lack of energy)
• alogia (lacking of speech, slow)
• ahedonia (inability to experience pleasure)
flat affect (lack of emotional reactivity)
•
• aociality (lack of motivation to engage in social interaction)
Other symptoms
← Catatonia (motor abnormalities - hysterical posturing)
- catatonic immobility (scared to move)
- waxy flexibility (decreased response to stimuli)
Inappropriate affect (ex. your mom dies and you laugh)
- important to clinicians because its highly specific to schizophrenia
Schizophrenia: It’s Diagnosis
- DSM-IV-TR requires at least six months of disturbance for the diagnosis
- The six month period must include at least one month of the the active phase, which is
defined by the presence of at least two of the following: - Delusions, hallucination disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic
behavior and negative symptoms (only one of these symptoms is required if the
delusions are bizarre or if the hallucinations consist of voices commenting or
arguing)
- The remaining time required within the minimum six months can be either a
prodoromal (before the active phase) or a residual (after the active phase)
period
- problems during the prodr