The
offshore drilling platform is the main equipment for marine oil and gas
exploitation, which is mainly used to support and store huge drilling rig,
provide the location for the drilling personnel, and store the crude oil.
Compared with more specific oil and gas storage equipment and many offshore
engineering ships, the existence of offshore drilling platform has more basic
function.

The
offshore platform is complex, bulky and expensive, especially when compared
with land production equipment, its marine environment is very complex and bad,
typhoons, waves, currents, sea ice and tides, and submarine earthquakes pose a
serious threat to the security of the platform. At the same time, due to
environmental corrosion, sea biological attachment, erosion of foundation soil
and foundation dynamic softening, aging of component materials, expansion of
defect damage and cumulative fatigue damage, the structural components and
overall resistance of the platform will gradually decay, which affects the
service safety and durability of the platform structure. Therefore, the design
and manufacture of offshore platforms can only be completed on the basis of the
overall improvement and progress of a country's comprehensive industrial level.

The
method can be divided into two types of fixed and mobile, according to the
different function can be divided into drilling platform, production platform,
life platform, oil storage platform, offshore platform and so on.

In
recent years, although China's offshore oil drilling equipment industry has
made remarkable achievements, but with the developed countries in the past
hundred years of development history, there is still a big gap.

Although
our country in some relatively advanced oil and gas engineering equipment has
been achieved domestically, but the domestic manufacturers still basic stay in
the structure of the manufacturing, related technology lag, the key equipment and
technology is still in the hands of foreign manufacturers, seriously
restricting the size of marine oil and gas development. The localization rate
of offshore oil drilling platform in China is only about 30%, since the scope
of supporting products is narrow, the performance and quality are far from that
of foreign countries, and the key equipment relies almost entirely on import,
and the cost of imports is nearly 1/2 of the cost of equipment construction.

In
China, a series of hydrocarbon-rich basins are found in offshore areas, mainly
in Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, Donghai, Zhujiang Estuary, Beibu Gulf and Yinggehai.
In 38 sedimentary basins, which are also delineated in the South China Sea, the
offshore oil and gas resources can reach more than 40 billion tons of oil
equivalent. The oil reserves of the South China Sea in 230~300 billion tons of
oil equivalent, accounting for 1/3 of China's total resources, has "the
2nd Middle East Gulf," said. Therefore, China is one of the countries with
abundant oil and gas resources in the world.

China's
oil and gas development equipment technology in the introduction, digestion,
absorption, innovation and localization has made considerable progress.

From
1970 to date, the domestic construction of a mobile drilling and mining
platform 58, has retired 7, in 51 seats, under construction 7. Our country
already has the design, the construction ability of the jack-up platform, the
pedestal platform, and has the domestic and foreign many platforms, the hull
construction experience, now has become the floating production oil storage
equipment design, the manufacture and the application Big country. The quantity
and development technology of FPSO in our country is in the forefront of the
world, but other offshore petroleum engineering devices still lag behind the
world advanced level for more than 20 years.

Offshore
drilling Platform equipment design and manufacturing technology similar to the
land drilling equipment, but in terms of configuration, reliability and
automation level than the land drilling equipment requirements higher. Domestic
in the electric drive drilling rig, drilling pump and well control equipment,
such as compared with foreign countries, although there is a large gap, but
relatively mature technology, can meet the basic 300m of offshore oil drilling
development and production needs.

At
present, the development of marine oil and gas resources in China is still
mainly concentrated in the coastal waters within 300m water depth, and does not
have the capability of exceeding 500m deepwater operation. With the development
of offshore oil technology, deep-sea oil and gas development has become an
important part of marine oil industry. Although there is still a big gap in the
development of deep-sea oil and gas in the world, the deepwater oil and gas
development technology in our country has taken a gratifying step, which lays a
foundation for the future to the deep sea.

As
a new era of marine oil and gas engineering students, we should fully
understand the development of China's marine platform and learn professional
knowledge. Actively participate in international offshore oil development,
including marine geophysical prospecting, offshore drilling, oil production
platform design and construction, offshore oil development and operation
management bidding competition, and gradually strengthen the scientific
research and manufacturing management level and strength. In order to catch up
with the advanced level of the world, we should establish long-term development
plan and develop actively in the international environment.