en-US: Action by an independent, neutral, and authoritative agent that certifies an entity as meeting a prescribed set of standards.

Comment:

en-US: Since an instance of ceterms:CredentialingAction is a claim that a certain agent has taken the action being described, creation of such a ceterms:CredentialingAction should be reserved to the agent of that action.

en-US: Claim by an agent asserting that the object credential of the action provides advanced standing for a credential under the asserting agent's authority.

Comment:

en-US: Since an instance of ceterms:CredentialingAction is a claim that a certain agent has taken the action being described, creation of such a ceterms:CredentialingAction should be reserved to the agent of that action.

en-US: An entity comprised of a set of alignment or mapping assertions between two existing entities such as mapping a certificate providing advanced standing to a degree.

Comment:

en-US: Alignment maps provide the means for parties to assert sets of alignments between already existing entities created by themselves or other parties--e.g., a 3rd party mapping of a learning resource owned by one party to a credential owned by another; or, mapping a military occupational experience or Military Occupational Specialty (MOS code) as advanced standing to a course or credential.

en-US: Action by an independent, neutral, and authoritative agent that pronounces a favorable judgment of a credential.

Comment:

en-US: Since an instance of ceterms:CredentialingAction is a claim that a certain agent has taken the action being described, creation of such a ceterms:CredentialingAction should be reserved to the agent of that action.

en-US: Entity that describes the key characteristics of an assessment for a credential.

Comment:

en-US: Characteristics described include, but are not limited to, processes for assessment development, maintenance, selection and evaluation as well as assessment examples.

Usage Note:

en-US: The ceterms:AssessmentProfile is intended for use in describing stand-alone assessments. Assessments that are a part of a learning opportunity associated with a credential should be described as part the ceterms:LearningOpportunityProfile for that learning opportunity.

en-US: College/university award for students typically completing three to five years of education where course work and activities advance skills beyond those of the first one to two years of college/university study.

Comment:

en-US: Equivalent to an award at UNESCO ISCED 2011, Level 6.

Usage Note:

en-US: Use for 5-year cooperative (work-study) programs. A cooperative plan provides for alternate class attendance and employment in business, industry, or government; thus, it allows students to combine actual work experience with their college studies. Also includes bachelor's degrees in which the normal 4 years of work are completed in 3 years.

en-US: Integrated, sequentially ordered collection of credentials, programs, experiences, and services intended to develop technical, academic, and employability skills in a cluster of occupations that share common skills, knowledge, and interests.

en-US: Time-limited, renewable credential awarded by an authoritative body to an individual or organization for demonstrating the designated knowledge, skills, and abilities to perform a specific occupation.

Comment:

en-US: Certifications can typically be revoked if not renewed, for a violation of a code of ethics (if applicable) or proven incompetence after due process. Description of revocation criteria for a specific Certification should be defined using Revocation Profile.

en-US: Set of constraints, prerequisites, entry conditions, or requirements maintained at the organizational and/or sub-organizational level.

Comment:

en-US: These conditions are intended to be referenced by external entities such as individual credentials in order to facilitate the process of their description and to reduce unnecessary duplication of data applicable across an array of entities.

en-US: Qualification, achievement, personal or organizational quality, or aspect of an identity typically used to indicate suitability.

Comment:

en-US: The ceterms:Credential class is broadly defined to encompass credentials used across domains and communities of practice. The class should be used only when speaking of credentials in general. Subclasses of ceterms:Credential as defined by Credential Engine (or other communities) should be used when referencing specific types of credentials.

en-US: Entity describing an affiliation or association between an entity such as a credential, learning opportunity or assessment and another entity in a structured framework such as a concept scheme, enumerated list, or competency framework.

en-US: Action taken by an agent affecting the status of an object entity.

Comment:

en-US: Since an instance of ceterms:CredentialingAction is a claim that a certain agent has taken the action being described, creation of such a ceterms:CredentialingAction should be reserved to the agent of that action.

en-US: Person who plays a role as primary agent in a credentialing action.

Comment:

en-US: The ceterms:CredentialPerson class should be used to describe persons directly engaged as primary agent in credentialing actions such as approving, offering, recognizing, renewing and revoking credentials and should not include persons merely affiliated with, or employed by organizations that perform such actions.

en-US: Highest credential award for students who have completed both a bachelor's degree and a master's degree or their equivalent as well as independent research and/or a significant project or paper.

en-US: Structured and unstructured learning and development opportunities based in direct experience, formal and informal study, observation, and involvement in discourse and practice.

Comment:

en-US: Examples of learning opportunities include education and training programs and classes, courses of study, apprenticeship or work experience programs, or other structured experiences intended to serve as educational or training events.

Usage Note:

en-US: Classes of learning opportunities defined in other namespaces such as schema.org/Course may be declared as equivaleny or subclasses of ceterms:LearningOpportunity to support their discovery through applications processing CTDL data.

en-US: Opportunities include formal and informal educational training programs and classes, apprenticeship or work experience programs, or other structured or unstructured experiences that serve as educational or training activities.

en-US: Credential awarded by a government agency that constitutes legal authority to do a specific job and/or utilize a specific item, system or infrastructure and are typically earned through some combination of degree or certificate attainment, certifications, assessments, work experience, and/or fees, and are time-limited and must be renewed periodically.

en-US: Class of concept schemes identifying occupations such as the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system in the U.S. and the European Skills/Competences, Qualifications and Occupations (ESCO).

en-US: Action by an authoritative agent offering access to a entity such as a credential, learning opportunity or assessment.

Comment:

en-US: Since an instance of ceterms:CredentialingAction is a claim that a certain agent has taken the action being described, creation of such a ceterms:CredentialingAction should be reserved to the agent of that action.

en-US: Action by an independent, neutral, and authoritative agent acknowledging the validity of a resource.

Comment:

en-US: Since an instance of ceterms:CredentialingAction is a claim that a certain agent has taken the action being described, creation of such a ceterms:CredentialingAction should be reserved to the agent of that action.

en-US: Action by an independent, neutral, and authoritative agent enforcing the legal requirements of a resource.

Comment:

en-US: Since an instance of ceterms:CredentialingAction is a claim that a certain agent has taken the action being described, creation of such a ceterms:CredentialingAction should be reserved to the agent of that action.

en-US: Since an instance of ceterms:CredentialingAction is a claim that a certain agent has taken the action being described, creation of such a ceterms:CredentialingAction should be reserved to the agent of that action.

en-US: Doctoral degree conferred for advanced work beyond the master level, including the preparation and defense of a thesis or dissertation based on original research, or the planning and execution of an original project demonstrating substantial artistic or scholarly achievement.

en-US: Action by an agent removing an awarded credential (credential assertion) from the credential holder based on violations or failure of the holder to renew.

Comment:

en-US: Since an instance of ceterms:CredentialingAction is a claim that a certain agent has taken the action being described, creation of such a ceterms:CredentialingAction should be reserved to the agent of that action.

en-US: Since an instance of ceterms:CredentialingAction is a claim that a certain agent has taken the action being described, creation of such a ceterms:CredentialingAction should be reserved to the agent of that action.