Tag: Skin

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A new item has just been added to the list of things that can be 3D printed: human skin. This is what researchers from the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) in Spain have recently demonstrated. With a 3D printer that uses special ink composed of human cells, they were able to create human skin that looks and behaves like real skin — with a dermis and an epidermis, able to produce collagen and react like real skin does to tests done.

This artificially created human skin opens up a host of possible applications, the most important of which is skin transplants for burn victims or people with different kinds of abnormal skin conditions. Another potential use would be for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and chemical products testing — the more effective and ‘humane’ kind because it will make testing on animals no longer necessary.

The bioprinter used by the research team is made up of 3 units: the programmable computer that controls the activities of the bioprinter; the bio-ink storage unit which holds the cartridges containing biological components, cells and proteins that make tissue creation possible; and the printing units which perform the tissue creation. The bioprinter produces skin tissue in two ways: autologous skin production and allogenic skin production. Autologous skin production makes use of the patient’s own skin cells, and is done for therapeutic purpose. Allogenic skin production makes use of a stock of cells, and is done for industrial purpose.

3D-printing body parts is not a new concept. Ever since the discovery that living cells could be placed in printers without being destroyed, there have been numerous experimentations with print cartridges spraying out different kinds of cells and polymers to create living tissue. Right now, researchers from different areas in the world are trying 3D printing to create bones and cartilage, blood vessels, kidney tissue and liver tissue. So far, 3D-printed bones, ears and muscles have been successfully implanted into animals. And just last year, prosthetic ovaries were successfully implanted in mice by researchers from Northwestern University in Chicago. And those mice were actually able to conceive and give birth with the help of the artificially created ovaries.

In terms of human subjects, however, there’s clearly a long way to go before artificial skin can be used on burn patients and those with skin disorders. But the researchers are optimistic that they are on the right track, and that the new technology will soon be able to help bring relief to those who are in need of it.

Further down the road, the hope is that recent advances will lead to 3D-printed human transplant organs and hopefully provide a viable solution to the problem of organ donor deficiency. In fact, researchers claim that the first 3-D-printed livers and kidneys for human transplant may be ready within six years.

The study has recently been published online through the scientific journal Biofabrication.

Bio-printing technology is going in the right direction in the service of mankind as researchers in Spain have created a prototype of a 3D printer capable of mass-producing human skin. For years medical researchers have attempted, and failed, to create 3D bio-printing for biological organs like hearts and kidneys. However, some researchers, instead of moving forward, decided to take a step back and create a bio-printer that can print something much simpler and still biological. Researchers in Spain have recently created a prototype for a 3D bio-printer capable of mass-producing human skin. The bio-ink based “skin” can replicate the structure of the actual human skin, complete with the same layer of epidermis that acts as protection against the environment. It even has a thicker and deeper dermis that produces the collagen to give the skin its strength and elasticity. According to José Luis Jorcano, professor of Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering at the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, “What we have done is to standardize and automatize the production of human skin through the technology of 3D printing.

Image Source | Youtube.com

Over the past 15 years, we have been developing a method to produce large surfaces of human skin starting from cells that we isolate from a small biopsy of one patient. This approach takes that work forward. It was natural for us to embrace bio-printing for the purpose of producing human skin, since up until now we have had to do this skin production manually.” The new 3D printed skin now has two possible main applications. The first and main application will be more in the short term, and this is to test new compounds on the skin. This is because in many fields scientists can no longer use animals for testing, as what is now happening in the cosmetics industry, due to the hard headed stupidity of so-called animal rights advocates who would rather see people suffer diseases than sacrifice a few animals to medical experimentation (which isn’t surprising considering these are the same advocates present in anti-Trump rallies who would rather see the country taken over by illegal immigrants than protecting its borders).

Video Courtesy of Youtube:

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But aside from the nonsensical ethical issues, there is also the problem discovered by scientists in which in certain fields, the data gathered cannot always be fully extrapolated to humans. As a result, what is needed are tissues or skin grafts that are “near human” to real tissues as possible. In the longer term, it is hope that the new 3D skin can be used for skin transplants for severely burned patients or for individuals with severe skin problems. However, for this second aspect, the new skin will need the necessary approvals from the necessary government regulatory agencies. This is what the scientists from the Madrid University are undergoing now. Perhaps with this advancement in bio-printing, it is hoped that other organs can eventually be created, eradicating the process of searching for matching human organ donors.