[Audio] Nanotechnology 501 Lecture Serieshttps://nanohub.org/resources/102
Fri, 09 Dec 2016 16:13:46 +0000HUBzero - The open source platform for scientific and educational collaborationWelcome to Nanotechnology 501, a series of lectures designed to provide an introduction to nanotechnology. This series is similar to our popular lecture series Nanotechnology 101, but it is directed at the graduate students and professionals.
nanoHUB.orgsupport@nanohub.orgnoeducation/outreach, nano electro-mechanical systems, nanophotonics, nanoelectronics, tutorial, nano/bioGerhard Klimecken-gbCopyright 2016 nanoHUB.orgResourcesNanoparticle Synthesis and Assembly for Biological Sensinghttps://nanohub.org/resources/386
Nanoparticles have unique physical and chemical properties that make them very useful for biological and chemical sensing. For example, colloidal gold has been used as an optical transducer for antibody based sensing for over twenty years and is the basis for a many of the point-of-use diagnostic assays currently available to the general public.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/07/01620/2005.10.25-Lee.mp3Nanoparticles have unique physical and chemical properties that make them very useful for biological and chemical sensing. For example, colloidal gold has been used as an optical transducer for antibody based sensing for over twenty years and is the basis for a many of the point-of-use diagnostic assays currently available to the general public.nonano electro-mechanical systems, quantum dots, visualization, tutorial, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, materials scienceGil LeeGil LeeOnline PresentationsTue, 25 Oct 2005 09:00:00 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/07/01620/2005.10.25-Lee.mp3Understanding Phonon Dynamics via 1D Atomic Chainshttps://nanohub.org/resources/1186
Phonons are the principal carriers of thermal energy in semiconductors and insulators, and they serve a vital role in dissipating heat produced by scattered electrons in semiconductor devices. Despite the importance of phonons, rigorous understanding and inclusion of phonon dynamics in simulations of modern electronic devices is very challenging, particularly because spatial confinement tends to complicate their dispersion, or frequency-wavelength, characteristics. This seminar will first provide a foundational description of phonon dynamics using a simple 1D atomic chain as an example. Then, a parallel treatment of phonon dynamics using an atomistic Green’s function (AGF) approach will be presented to demonstrate its ability to replicate canonical results. Subsequently, results from the AGF method applied to heterogeneous atomic chains, planar interfaces, and superlattices will be presented to illustrate the utility of the approach in more practical situations.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/08/01743/2006.08.11-fisher.mp3Phonons are the principal carriers of thermal energy in semiconductors and insulators, and they serve a vital role in dissipating heat produced by scattered electrons in semiconductor devices. Despite the importance of phonons, rigorous understanding and inclusion of phonon dynamics in simulations of modern electronic devices is very challenging, particularly because spatial confinement tends to complicate their dispersion, or frequency-wavelength, characteristics. This seminar will first provide a foundational description of phonon dynamics using a simple 1D atomic chain as an example. Then, a parallel treatment of phonon dynamics using an atomistic Green’s function (AGF) approach will be presented to demonstrate its ability to replicate canonical results. Subsequently, results from the AGF method applied to heterogeneous atomic chains, planar interfaces, and superlattices will be presented to illustrate the utility of the approach in more practical situations.noalgorithms, carbon nanotubes, devices, education/outreach, multiscale models, nano electro-mechanical systems, NEGF, thermal transport, nanoelectronics, tutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from PurdueTimothy S FisherTimothy S FisherOnline PresentationsMon, 28 Aug 2006 18:58:34 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/08/01743/2006.08.11-fisher.mp3A Primer on Quantum Computinghttps://nanohub.org/resources/1897
Quantum computers would represent an exponential increase in computing power...if they can be built. This tutorial describes the theoretical background to quantum computing, its potential for several specific applications, and the demanding challenges facing practical implementation. The field currently suffers from a strange imbalance with theoretical advances far outstripping experimental demonstration. The field is poised for a breakthrough that would make quantum circuits experimentally "accessible", as opposed to the million dollar price tags attached to most current implementations.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/11/02025/2006.10.23-nolte.mp3Quantum computers would represent an exponential increase in computing power...if they can be built. This tutorial describes the theoretical background to quantum computing, its potential for several specific applications, and the demanding challenges facing practical implementation. The field currently suffers from a strange imbalance with theoretical advances far outstripping experimental demonstration. The field is poised for a breakthrough that would make quantum circuits experimentally "accessible", as opposed to the million dollar price tags attached to most current implementations.nonanoelectronics, quantum computing, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, from outside NCNDavid D. NolteDavid D. NolteOnline PresentationsWed, 18 Oct 2006 21:41:39 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/11/02025/2006.10.23-nolte.mp3Nanoscale Antenna Apertureshttps://nanohub.org/resources/2642
This presentation will discuss light concentration and enhancement in nanometer-scale ridge aperture antennas. Resent research, including numerical simulations and near field optical measurements has demonstrated that nanoscale ridge antenna apertures can concentrate light into nanometer domain. More importantly, these ridge antenna apertures also provide enhanced optical transmission several orders of magnitude higher than regularly shaped nano-apertures. We will discuss fundamental theories of ridge antenna apertures, finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations for optimizing the design of these antenna apertures, and near field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) measurements of the near field intensity distribution of the light transmitted through these apertures. It is shown that the nanoscale antenna apertures can produce a concentrated light spot beyond the diffraction limit with enhanced transmission. Potential applications of these nanoscale aperture antennas include nano-lithography and nano-imaging.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/04/02646/2007.03.21-xu-nt501.mp3This presentation will discuss light concentration and enhancement in nanometer-scale ridge aperture antennas. Resent research, including numerical simulations and near field optical measurements has demonstrated that nanoscale ridge antenna apertures can concentrate light into nanometer domain. More importantly, these ridge antenna apertures also provide enhanced optical transmission several orders of magnitude higher than regularly shaped nano-apertures. We will discuss fundamental theories of ridge antenna apertures, finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations for optimizing the design of these antenna apertures, and near field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) measurements of the near field intensity distribution of the light transmitted through these apertures. It is shown that the nanoscale antenna apertures can produce a concentrated light spot beyond the diffraction limit with enhanced transmission. Potential applications of these nanoscale aperture antennas include nano-lithography and nano-imaging.nonanophotonics, tutorial, processing, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, lithography, nanooptics, from PurdueXianfan XuXianfan XuOnline PresentationsTue, 24 Apr 2007 22:15:55 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/04/02646/2007.03.21-xu-nt501.mp3Solid-State Lighting: An Opportunity for Nanotechnologists to Address the Energy Challengehttps://nanohub.org/resources/2647
More than one-fifth of the electrical power consumed in the U.S. is used for general illumination. Much of this energy is wasted to heat filaments in incandescent lamps, a century-old technology with an efficiency of about 5%. Fluorescent lighting is more efficient, but problems of color quality, temperature sensitivity and the toxicity of mercury present problems in disposal and consumer acceptance. Rapid advances in light emitting diode (LED) technology promise to offer a solid-state alternative with superior lifetime, efficiency and color quality. The U.S. Department of Energy has set a goal for 2025 to develop a solid-state lamp that is more efficient, longer lasting and cost competitive compared to conventional technologies, targeting a system efficiency of 50% and the color quality of sunlight. Success will bring the potential for reducing the energy consumed for general illumination in the U.S. by 33% in 2025, equivalent to avoiding the construction of 41 1000 MW power plants (Navigant Consulting, 2003). In this tutorial, I will define the common metrics used to evaluate lamp performance, including luminous efficacy, color temperature, and color rendering index. The principal features of a hypothetical device that would meet the DOE goals will be outlined and compared with today's R&D approaches, including blue (In,Ga,Al)N LEDs combined with partially absorbing yellow phosphors, uv (Ga,Al)N LEDs exciting multiple phosphors, and organic LEDs. Finally, I will highlight several approaches to achieving the ultimate solid-state white lamp, including strain-engineered nanostructures, nanoplasmonics, dislocation filtering, and transitioning to alternative low-cost substrates.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/04/02651/2007.04.04-sands-nt501.mp3More than one-fifth of the electrical power consumed in the U.S. is used for general illumination. Much of this energy is wasted to heat filaments in incandescent lamps, a century-old technology with an efficiency of about 5%. Fluorescent lighting is more efficient, but problems of color quality, temperature sensitivity and the toxicity of mercury present problems in disposal and consumer acceptance. Rapid advances in light emitting diode (LED) technology promise to offer a solid-state alternative with superior lifetime, efficiency and color quality. The U.S. Department of Energy has set a goal for 2025 to develop a solid-state lamp that is more efficient, longer lasting and cost competitive compared to conventional technologies, targeting a system efficiency of 50% and the color quality of sunlight. Success will bring the potential for reducing the energy consumed for general illumination in the U.S. by 33% in 2025, equivalent to avoiding the construction of 41 1000 MW power plants (Navigant Consulting, 2003). In this tutorial, I will define the common metrics used to evaluate lamp performance, including luminous efficacy, color temperature, and color rendering index. The principal features of a hypothetical device that would meet the DOE goals will be outlined and compared with today's R&D approaches, including blue (In,Ga,Al)N LEDs combined with partially absorbing yellow phosphors, uv (Ga,Al)N LEDs exciting multiple phosphors, and organic LEDs. Finally, I will highlight several approaches to achieving the ultimate solid-state white lamp, including strain-engineered nanostructures, nanoplasmonics, dislocation filtering, and transitioning to alternative low-cost substrates.nodevices, nanophotonics, nanoelectronics, tutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, energy conversion, light emitting diodes, from Purdue, materials scienceTimothy D. SandsTimothy D. SandsOnline PresentationsThu, 26 Apr 2007 01:20:04 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/04/02651/2007.04.04-sands-nt501.mp3SPMW The Nanomechanics of compositional mapping in amplitude modulation AFMhttps://nanohub.org/resources/2176
Amplitude modulation atomic force microscopy (AM-AFM) has been very successful for imaging with high spatial resolution inorganic as well as soft materials such as polymers, living cells and single biomolecules in their natural environment [1]. The ability of AM-AFM to separate topography from compositional contrast is probably one its main advantages. Compositional mapping is achieved by recording simultaneously the oscillation amplitude and the phase lag between the external excitation of a vibrating tip and its response in the vicinity of the surface...https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/01/02180/2006.10.05-garcia-spmw.mp3Amplitude modulation atomic force microscopy (AM-AFM) has been very successful for imaging with high spatial resolution inorganic as well as soft materials such as polymers, living cells and single biomolecules in their natural environment [1]. The ability of AM-AFM to separate topography from compositional contrast is probably one its main advantages. Compositional mapping is achieved by recording simultaneously the oscillation amplitude and the phase lag between the external excitation of a vibrating tip and its response in the vicinity of the surface...noresearch seminar, atomic force microscopy, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, experiments, Amplitude Modulation AFM, from outside NCNRicardo GarciaRicardo GarciaOnline PresentationsFri, 11 May 2007 16:43:16 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/01/02180/2006.10.05-garcia-spmw.mp3Bionanotechnology: a different perspectivehttps://nanohub.org/resources/4402
The study of the synthesis, exotic properties, assembly/packaging and potential commercial application of nanomaterials is an extremely important topic of research that is expected to have far-reaching global impact. The focus of my talk will be on an emerging branch of nanotechnology that derives its inspiration from biology. Recognizing that some of the most exquisites and highly functional nanomaterials are grown by biological systems (examples include silica by diatoms and magnetic nanoparticles by magnetotactic bacteria [1]). Many researchers have focused attention on understanding how inorganic materials are made biological systems and attempting to replicate such processes in the lab. In my laboratory, we investigated the use of plant organisms such as fungi in the synthesis of nanomaterials over a range of chemical compositions that include materials [2], metal sulfides [3], and oxides [4]. An exciting development is the use of plant extracts in nanoparticle synthesis [5] wherein large concentrations of gold nanotriangles have been obtained that have potential application in cancer hyperthermia. Organisms such as fungi are not normally exposed to metal precursor stresses such that they should be capable of a broad range of biochemical transformations to negate these stresses is useful in materials chemistry, and throws up exciting possibilities. Recently, we have also shown that bacteria may be “trained” to synthesize magnetite when challenged with suitable iron complexes under aerobic conditions [6].https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/04/04490/2008.04.09-sastry.mp3The study of the synthesis, exotic properties, assembly/packaging and potential commercial application of nanomaterials is an extremely important topic of research that is expected to have far-reaching global impact. The focus of my talk will be on an emerging branch of nanotechnology that derives its inspiration from biology. Recognizing that some of the most exquisites and highly functional nanomaterials are grown by biological systems (examples include silica by diatoms and magnetic nanoparticles by magnetotactic bacteria [1]). Many researchers have focused attention on understanding how inorganic materials are made biological systems and attempting to replicate such processes in the lab. In my laboratory, we investigated the use of plant organisms such as fungi in the synthesis of nanomaterials over a range of chemical compositions that include materials [2], metal sulfides [3], and oxides [4]. An exciting development is the use of plant extracts in nanoparticle synthesis [5] wherein large concentrations of gold nanotriangles have been obtained that have potential application in cancer hyperthermia. Organisms such as fungi are not normally exposed to metal precursor stresses such that they should be capable of a broad range of biochemical transformations to negate these stresses is useful in materials chemistry, and throws up exciting possibilities. Recently, we have also shown that bacteria may be “trained” to synthesize magnetite when challenged with suitable iron complexes under aerobic conditions [6].noquantum dots, research seminar, surfactants, nanoparticles, proteins, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from outside NCN, biosynthesis, oxides, bacteria/fungi, crystal growthMurali SastryMurali SastryOnline PresentationsWed, 30 Apr 2008 19:07:08 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/04/04490/2008.04.09-sastry.mp3Thermal Microsystems for On-Chip Thermal Engineeringhttps://nanohub.org/resources/1182
Electro-thermal co-design at the micro- and nano-scales is critical for achieving desired performance and reliability in microelectronic circuits. Emerging thermal microsystems technologies for this application area are discussed, with specific examples including a novel micromechanical electro-hydrodynamic micropump, electrowetting for fluidic actuation and site-specific thermal control, ion-driven airflow, and miniature piezoelectrically actuated cantilevers for cooling and sensing. Fundamental research into enabling technologies for such microsystems, conducted by the speaker’s group under the framework of the National Science Foundation Compact, High-Performance Cooling Technologies Research Center, is presented.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/08/01685/2006.03.21-garimella.mp3Electro-thermal co-design at the micro- and nano-scales is critical for achieving desired performance and reliability in microelectronic circuits. Emerging thermal microsystems technologies for this application area are discussed, with specific examples including a novel micromechanical electro-hydrodynamic micropump, electrowetting for fluidic actuation and site-specific thermal control, ion-driven airflow, and miniature piezoelectrically actuated cantilevers for cooling and sensing. Fundamental research into enabling technologies for such microsystems, conducted by the speaker’s group under the framework of the National Science Foundation Compact, High-Performance Cooling Technologies Research Center, is presented.noalgorithms, carbon nanotubes, circuits, devices, education/outreach, general tools, molecular electronics, multiscale models, nano electro-mechanical systems, nanotransistors, visualization, tutorial, processing, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from...Suresh V. GarimellaSuresh V. GarimellaOnline PresentationsTue, 04 Apr 2006 17:36:05 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/08/01685/2006.03.21-garimella.mp3Hierarchical Physical Models for Analysis of Electrostatic Nanoelectromechanical Systems (NEMS)https://nanohub.org/resources/850
This talk will introduce hierarchical physical models and efficient computational techniques for coupled analysis of electrical, mechanical and van der Waals energy domains encountered in Nanoelectromechanical Systems (NEMS). Numerical results will be presented for several silicon nanoelectromechanical switches to demonstrate the static electromechanical pull-in behavior.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/08/01689/2006.01.05-aluru.mp3This talk will introduce hierarchical physical models and efficient computational techniques for coupled analysis of electrical, mechanical and van der Waals energy domains encountered in Nanoelectromechanical Systems (NEMS). Numerical results will be presented for several silicon nanoelectromechanical switches to demonstrate the static electromechanical pull-in behavior.noalgorithms, multiscale models, nano electro-mechanical systems, tutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Illinois, from outside NCNNarayan AluruNarayan AluruOnline PresentationsFri, 06 Jan 2006 04:06:58 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/08/01689/2006.01.05-aluru.mp3Electron Emission from Nanoscale Carbon Materialshttps://nanohub.org/resources/2710
Prior studies on electron emission show possibly beneficial effects ofnanoscale phenomena on energy-conversion characteristics. For example,recent work has shown that the electric field around a nanoscale fieldemission device can increase the average energy of emitted electrons. Weconsider here the hypothesis that nanoscale effects can favorably influencethe energy-conversion efficiency and capacity of thermionic and fieldemission emission devices. Required improvements in experimental andcomputational tools for characterizing such effects include new methods ofmeasuring electron energy distributions (EEDs) from nanoscale emitters andimproved modeling of transport between bulk and quantum-confined materials.Recent work on EED measurements reveals indications of quantum confinement,as shown by the multiple peaks in the energy distribution. This talkincludes an exposition of the general theories of thermionic and fieldemission, and representative electron energy distribution measurements andassociated simulation results are presented that identify interesting andpotentially useful features of thermally excited electron emissionphenomena.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/05/02714/2007.04.26-fisher.mp3Prior studies on electron emission show possibly beneficial effects ofnanoscale phenomena on energy-conversion characteristics. For example,recent work has shown that the electric field around a nanoscale fieldemission device can increase the average energy of emitted electrons. Weconsider here the hypothesis that nanoscale effects can favorably influencethe energy-conversion efficiency and capacity of thermionic and fieldemission emission devices. Required improvements in experimental andcomputational tools for characterizing such effects include new methods ofmeasuring electron energy distributions (EEDs) from nanoscale emitters andimproved modeling of transport between bulk and quantum-confined materials.Recent work on EED measurements reveals indications of quantum confinement,as shown by the multiple peaks in the energy distribution. This talkincludes an exposition of the general theories of thermionic and fieldemission, and representative electron energy distribution measurements andassociated simulation results are presented that identify interesting andpotentially useful features of thermally excited electron emissionphenomena.nocarbon nanotubes, nano electro-mechanical systems, thermal transport, tutorial, research seminar, nanowires, thermodynamics, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, carbon nanofibersTimothy S FisherTimothy S FisherOnline PresentationsTue, 15 May 2007 21:52:55 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/05/02714/2007.04.26-fisher.mp3Modeling and Simulation of Sub-Micron Thermal Transporthttps://nanohub.org/resources/192
In recent years, there has been increasing interest in understanding thermal phenomena at the sub-micron scale. Applications include the thermal performance of microelectronic devices, thermo-electric energy conversion, ultra-fast laser machining and many others. It is now accepted that Fourier's law for heat conduction is invalid at small length and time scales. The talk addresses the modeling of phonon transport based on the Boltzman transport equation (BTE).https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/05/01302/2005.09.26-Murthy.mp3In recent years, there has been increasing interest in understanding thermal phenomena at the sub-micron scale. Applications include the thermal performance of microelectronic devices, thermo-electric energy conversion, ultra-fast laser machining and many others. It is now accepted that Fourier's law for heat conduction is invalid at small length and time scales. The talk addresses the modeling of phonon transport based on the Boltzman transport equation (BTE).noalgorithms, devices, multiscale models, nano electro-mechanical systems, nanotransistors, thermal transport, nanoelectronics, tutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, materials scienceJayathi MurthyJayathi MurthyOnline PresentationsTue, 27 Sep 2005 09:00:00 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/05/01302/2005.09.26-Murthy.mp3Aluminum: a safe, economical, high energy density material for energy storage, transport and splitting water to make hydrogen on demandhttps://nanohub.org/resources/6568
In 1968, a team lead by the author discovered that liquid gallium saturated with aluminum at room temperature would split water into hydrogen gas, alumina and heat. More recently his current team has discovered that bulk, solid Al rich alloys will also split water in the same manner. Since 1) the energy density of Al via the water splitting reaction is 8.6 kW-hr/kg (as hydrogen plus heat), 2) Al is plentiful both as 400 billion kg of scrap metal lying on the planet's surface and is currently produced in large quantities at world-wide foundries via the electrolysis of alumina, 3) the small concentrations of the Ga or (Ga,Sn,In) in the Al alloy are inert and totally recoverable, simple calculations show that Al rich alloys could be an economically viable enabler for a potable large scale hydrogen economy. This presentation will focus on our current research aimed at understanding how and why our bulk alloys work. We will also, discuss some of the more sensible applications for this technology.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2009/03/06572/2009.03.12-Woodall.mp3In 1968, a team lead by the author discovered that liquid gallium saturated with aluminum at room temperature would split water into hydrogen gas, alumina and heat. More recently his current team has discovered that bulk, solid Al rich alloys will also split water in the same manner. Since 1) the energy density of Al via the water splitting reaction is 8.6 kW-hr/kg (as hydrogen plus heat), 2) Al is plentiful both as 400 billion kg of scrap metal lying on the planet's surface and is currently produced in large quantities at world-wide foundries via the electrolysis of alumina, 3) the small concentrations of the Ga or (Ga,Sn,In) in the Al alloy are inert and totally recoverable, simple calculations show that Al rich alloys could be an economically viable enabler for a potable large scale hydrogen economy. This presentation will focus on our current research aimed at understanding how and why our bulk alloys work. We will also, discuss some of the more sensible applications for this technology.noresearch seminar, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, energy conversion, from Purdue, condensed matter, energy, hydrogen atom, clean energy, batteries, materials scienceJerry M. WoodallJerry M. WoodallOnline PresentationsTue, 31 Mar 2009 01:45:33 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2009/03/06572/2009.03.12-Woodall.mp3Exploring Electron Transfer with Density Functional Theoryhttps://nanohub.org/resources/1566
This talk will highlight several illustrative applications of constrained density functionaltheory (DFT) to electron transfer dynamics in electronic materials. The kinetics of thesereactions are commonly expressed in terms of well known Marcus parameters (drivingforce, reorganization energy and diabatic coupling) that are often difficult to predict usingDFT. We show that constrained DFT provides a practical solution to many of theseproblems by making the charge on the acceptor an independent natural variable. We usethis technique to examine localization/delocalization transitions in molecular wires, spindependentcharge recombination in electroluminescent materials and charge transferdynamics through a molecular junction.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/07/01622/2006.06.02-vanvoorhis.mp3This talk will highlight several illustrative applications of constrained density functionaltheory (DFT) to electron transfer dynamics in electronic materials. The kinetics of thesereactions are commonly expressed in terms of well known Marcus parameters (drivingforce, reorganization energy and diabatic coupling) that are often difficult to predict usingDFT. We show that constrained DFT provides a practical solution to many of theseproblems by making the charge on the acceptor an independent natural variable. We usethis technique to examine localization/delocalization transitions in molecular wires, spindependentcharge recombination in electroluminescent materials and charge transferdynamics through a molecular junction.noalgorithms, devices, general tools, molecular electronics, nanotransistors, NEGF, visualization, nanoelectronics, tutorial, processing, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, hosted/taped by NCN@Northwestern, Self-Served Contribution with Assistance, from...Troy Van VoorhisTroy Van VoorhisOnline PresentationsMon, 03 Jul 2006 22:41:51 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/07/01622/2006.06.02-vanvoorhis.mp3Heat Transfer across Solid Contacts Enhanced with Nanomaterialshttps://nanohub.org/resources/3985
This presentation will describe thermal transport processes at solid-solid material interfaces. An overview of applications in the electronics industry will serve to motivate the subject, and then the basic diffusive constriction theory will be developed. The addition of carbon nanotube arrays to solid-solid interfaces has been shown to improve heat transfer significantly, and these materials will serve as an example of enhanced transport with nanomaterials. Experimental techniques and results will be reviewed, and a model that employs ballistic transport principles will be introduced to interpret these results.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/02/04075/2008.02.06-fisher-nt501.mp3This presentation will describe thermal transport processes at solid-solid material interfaces. An overview of applications in the electronics industry will serve to motivate the subject, and then the basic diffusive constriction theory will be developed. The addition of carbon nanotube arrays to solid-solid interfaces has been shown to improve heat transfer significantly, and these materials will serve as an example of enhanced transport with nanomaterials. Experimental techniques and results will be reviewed, and a model that employs ballistic transport principles will be introduced to interpret these results.nocarbon nanotubes, thermal transport, nanoelectronics, tutorial, nanostructured surfaces, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, ballistic transport, material properties, materials scienceTimothy S FisherTimothy S FisherOnline PresentationsTue, 12 Feb 2008 00:58:23 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/02/04075/2008.02.06-fisher-nt501.mp3Basics of Particle Adhesionhttps://nanohub.org/resources/3264
This presentation will describe the adhesion of rough, asymmetric particles with micro- to nano-scale dimension to solid surfaces. These adhesion processes are of great interest in microelectronics and pharmaceutical manufacturing. The presentation will include experimental and theoretical and modeling descriptions of the particle adhesion. Modeling and simulation results interpret the observed adhesion in terms of continuum force descriptions, including van der Waals and electrostatic forceshttps://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/09/03306/2008.04.06-beaudoin-nt501.mp3This presentation will describe the adhesion of rough, asymmetric particles with micro- to nano-scale dimension to solid surfaces. These adhesion processes are of great interest in microelectronics and pharmaceutical manufacturing. The presentation will include experimental and theoretical and modeling descriptions of the particle adhesion. Modeling and simulation results interpret the observed adhesion in terms of continuum force descriptions, including van der Waals and electrostatic forcesnotutorial, nanoparticles, surfaces, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, materials scienceStephen P. BeaudoinStephen P. BeaudoinOnline PresentationsWed, 21 May 2008 17:59:12 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/09/03306/2008.04.06-beaudoin-nt501.mp3Nanometrology Room Design: The Performance and Characterization of the Kevin G. Hall Nanometrology Laboratoryhttps://nanohub.org/resources/3779
This seminar summarizes the capabilities of the high accuracy Kevin G. Hall Laboratory which is located in Purdue’s newly completed Birck Nanotechnology Center. The seminar is primarily intended for anyone interested in designing, building and characterizing a high accuracy room for nanoscience research. The talk will summarize the design specifications and character-ization the Hall Laboratory. Relevant issues related to electrical power, vibration isolation, thermal stability, acoustic isolation, and EMI shielding will be discussed. The talk will conclude with a few lessons learned.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/01/03859/2008.01.09-reifenberger-nt501.mp3This seminar summarizes the capabilities of the high accuracy Kevin G. Hall Laboratory which is located in Purdue’s newly completed Birck Nanotechnology Center. The seminar is primarily intended for anyone interested in designing, building and characterizing a high accuracy room for nanoscience research. The talk will summarize the design specifications and character-ization the Hall Laboratory. Relevant issues related to electrical power, vibration isolation, thermal stability, acoustic isolation, and EMI shielding will be discussed. The talk will conclude with a few lessons learned.notutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, facility design/management, experiments, from Purdue, metrologyRon ReifenbergerRon ReifenbergerOnline PresentationsWed, 23 Jan 2008 03:45:17 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/01/03859/2008.01.09-reifenberger-nt501.mp3Basic Rules of Protein Foldinghttps://nanohub.org/resources/6011
How are proteins made? Inside cells, messenger RNA first instructs the ribosomes as to the order which amino acids should be joined together. Linked together and released from the ribosome, the protein is not functional. It now needs to fold into a precise three-dimensional shape. There are no DNA or RNA instructions to the unfolded protein informing it how to fold—the protein somehow self-assembles. How this is accomplished is a question taxes even the most massive CPUs. We take an alternative to the usual computational approach and seek fundamental principles of folding which can be easily implemented. We show how a set of simple rules qualitatively reproduces the pathway for protein folding. The usefulness of these rules is firstly as a tutorial guide in understanding protein folding. Secondly, they may serve to guide large-scale protein-folding programs to compute more efficiently.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/12/06031/2008.12.04-lichter-nt501.mp3How are proteins made? Inside cells, messenger RNA first instructs the ribosomes as to the order which amino acids should be joined together. Linked together and released from the ribosome, the protein is not functional. It now needs to fold into a precise three-dimensional shape. There are no DNA or RNA instructions to the unfolded protein informing it how to fold—the protein somehow self-assembles. How this is accomplished is a question taxes even the most massive CPUs. We take an alternative to the usual computational approach and seek fundamental principles of folding which can be easily implemented. We show how a set of simple rules qualitatively reproduces the pathway for protein folding. The usefulness of these rules is firstly as a tutorial guide in understanding protein folding. Secondly, they may serve to guide large-scale protein-folding programs to compute more efficiently.noresearch seminar, DNA/Nucleic Acids, proteins, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Northwestern, from outside NCNSeth LichterSeth LichterOnline PresentationsThu, 01 Jan 2009 01:53:52 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/12/06031/2008.12.04-lichter-nt501.mp3Metal Oxide Nanowires as Gas Sensing Elements: from Basic Research to Real World Applicationshttps://nanohub.org/resources/5738
Quasi 1-D metal oxide single crystal chemiresistors are close to occupy their specific niche in the real world of solid state sensorics. Potentially, the major advantage of this kind of sensors with respect to available granular thin film sensors will be their size and stable, reproducible and quantifiable performance in a wide range of operating conditions. The performance of such a gas sensor and especially its sensitivity is determined by its materials-specific surface chemistry as well as the size and shape of its active element(s). We report on the array of methods that allow one to fabricate, functionalize and characterize chemiresistors and chemi-FETs made of metal oxide nanowires. In particular, we grow nanowires with pre-programmed morphologies, which are most suitable for sensorics applications. To evaluate the heat management in the chemiresistor device we have performed a comparative study of the nanostructures with different thermal coupling with the support. To address the surface chemistry of the nanowires with greater details, we have tested a range of spectroscopy and imaging techniques to address local transport particularities taking place in the individual operating metal oxide nanostructure sensor. In particular, we were using Scanning Surface Potential Microscopy (SSPM) to investigate dc potential distributions in an operating device. We also have successfully implemented synchrotron radiation based photoelectron emission spectro- microscopy (PEEM) to explore submicron compositional and electronic (work function) inhomogeneouties in individual metal oxide nanowire wired as a chemiresistor. Finally, recent real world prototype devices such as gas sensors and e-noses based on metal oxide nanowires will be discussed.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/11/05742/2008.10.30-kolmakov-nt501.mp3Quasi 1-D metal oxide single crystal chemiresistors are close to occupy their specific niche in the real world of solid state sensorics. Potentially, the major advantage of this kind of sensors with respect to available granular thin film sensors will be their size and stable, reproducible and quantifiable performance in a wide range of operating conditions. The performance of such a gas sensor and especially its sensitivity is determined by its materials-specific surface chemistry as well as the size and shape of its active element(s). We report on the array of methods that allow one to fabricate, functionalize and characterize chemiresistors and chemi-FETs made of metal oxide nanowires. In particular, we grow nanowires with pre-programmed morphologies, which are most suitable for sensorics applications. To evaluate the heat management in the chemiresistor device we have performed a comparative study of the nanostructures with different thermal coupling with the support. To address the surface chemistry of the nanowires with greater details, we have tested a range of spectroscopy and imaging techniques to address local transport particularities taking place in the individual operating metal oxide nanostructure sensor. In particular, we were using Scanning Surface Potential Microscopy (SSPM) to investigate dc potential distributions in an operating device. We also have successfully implemented synchrotron radiation based photoelectron emission spectro- microscopy (PEEM) to explore submicron compositional and electronic (work function) inhomogeneouties in individual metal oxide nanowire wired as a chemiresistor. Finally, recent real world prototype devices such as gas sensors and e-noses based on metal oxide nanowires will be discussed.nocircuits, nanotransistors, thermal transport, nanoelectronics, tutorial, research seminar, band structure, scanning probe microscopy, nanowires, surfaces, transistors, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from...Andrei KolmakovAndrei KolmakovOnline PresentationsTue, 22 Sep 2009 00:51:51 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/11/05742/2008.10.30-kolmakov-nt501.mp3Exploring CMOS-Nano Hybrid Technology in Three Dimensionshttps://nanohub.org/resources/4216
CMOS-nano hybrid technology incorporate the advantages of both traditional CMOS and novel nanowire/nanotube structures, which will enhance future IC performances and create long-term breakthroughs. The CMOS-nano hybrid IC can be efficiently fabricated using the 3D integration approach. This talk presents recent progress in designing and building such 3D hybrid ICs for FPGA and neuromorphic network applications.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/03/04220/2008.03.19-wang-nt501-1.mp3CMOS-nano hybrid technology incorporate the advantages of both traditional CMOS and novel nanowire/nanotube structures, which will enhance future IC performances and create long-term breakthroughs. The CMOS-nano hybrid IC can be efficiently fabricated using the 3D integration approach. This talk presents recent progress in designing and building such 3D hybrid ICs for FPGA and neuromorphic network applications.nocircuits, nanoelectronics, research seminar, nanowires, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from outside NCN, neuromorphic networkWei WangWei WangOnline PresentationsMon, 31 Mar 2008 22:03:11 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/03/04220/2008.03.19-wang-nt501-1.mp3Engineering at the nanometer scale: Is it a new material or a new device?https://nanohub.org/resources/3504
This seminar will overview NEMO 3D simulation capabilities and its deployment on the nanoHUB as well as an overview of the nanoHUB impact on the community.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/11/03508/2007.10.19-klimeck-nt501.mp3This seminar will overview NEMO 3D simulation capabilities and its deployment on the nanoHUB as well as an overview of the nanoHUB impact on the community.noNEGF, quantum dots, tutorial, band structure, transport/quantum, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, quantum transport, from Purdue, high performance computingGerhard KlimeckGerhard KlimeckOnline PresentationsWed, 07 Nov 2007 02:53:50 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/11/03508/2007.10.19-klimeck-nt501.mp3Three-Dimensional Photonic Crystalshttps://nanohub.org/resources/3991
A photonic crystal (PhCs) is typically a composite of a high-dielectric-constant material (e.g. Si) and a low-constant one (e.g. SiO2 or air), arranged periodically in space. Two dimensional examples include a hexagonal lattice of air holes drilled in a Si slab, or a set of Si rods at square lattice points. In some 3D configurations, photonic band gaps (PBGs) are formed such that photons over a certain frequency band cannot propagate in any directions.When the perfect periodicity is broken, e.g. a single hole filled or a single rod removed, point defects (or microcavities) are formed. Compared to cavities in 2D PhCs, the quality factors (Qs) currently achieved are lower. However, the Qs can be improved exponentially with increasing number of layers surrounding the cavities. The ultimate Q achievable is limited only by intrinsic material absorption. 3D PhCs also have the unique advantage that light can be confined in hollow microcavities. Another distinctive feature for a cavity in 3D PhCs is that the Q will not degrade with the presence of structural distortions. This makes it much more feasible to realize such cavities with nanofabrication. Finally, increasing the cavity Q in a 3D PhC does not require delocalization, or increase of mode-volume.Microcavities in 3D PhCs can be applied to explore a variety of fundamentally important physical phenomena. For example, high Q cavities with mode volumes approaching (1/2 λ/n)3 are ideal for studying cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED). We show that with dynamic tuning of high-Q cavities, a scheme for on-demand single-photon emission could be realized in 3D PhCshttps://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/02/03995/2008.01.30-qi-nt501.mp3A photonic crystal (PhCs) is typically a composite of a high-dielectric-constant material (e.g. Si) and a low-constant one (e.g. SiO2 or air), arranged periodically in space. Two dimensional examples include a hexagonal lattice of air holes drilled in a Si slab, or a set of Si rods at square lattice points. In some 3D configurations, photonic band gaps (PBGs) are formed such that photons over a certain frequency band cannot propagate in any directions.When the perfect periodicity is broken, e.g. a single hole filled or a single rod removed, point defects (or microcavities) are formed. Compared to cavities in 2D PhCs, the quality factors (Qs) currently achieved are lower. However, the Qs can be improved exponentially with increasing number of layers surrounding the cavities. The ultimate Q achievable is limited only by intrinsic material absorption. 3D PhCs also have the unique advantage that light can be confined in hollow microcavities. Another distinctive feature for a cavity in 3D PhCs is that the Q will not degrade with the presence of structural distortions. This makes it much more feasible to realize such cavities with nanofabrication. Finally, increasing the cavity Q in a 3D PhC does not require delocalization, or increase of mode-volume.Microcavities in 3D PhCs can be applied to explore a variety of fundamentally important physical phenomena. For example, high Q cavities with mode volumes approaching (1/2 λ/n)3 are ideal for studying cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED). We show that with dynamic tuning of high-Q cavities, a scheme for on-demand single-photon emission could be realized in 3D PhCsnonanophotonics, tutorial, processing, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, photonic crystals, from PurdueMinghao QiMinghao QiOnline PresentationsTue, 12 Feb 2008 00:30:06 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/02/03995/2008.01.30-qi-nt501.mp3Plastic Deformation at Micron and Submicron Scaleshttps://nanohub.org/resources/3559
Most people experiences the way objects plastically deform on a macroscopic scale. From a car crash to the bending of a paper clip plastic deformation occurs in the form of a smooth flow as a response of an applied stress. But due to the constant shrinking on the dimensions of mechanical devices -such as micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) and micro electronic interconnects- the notion that plasticity is governed not by a steady flow but by the occurrence of intermittent avalanches of ...https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/11/03610/2007.10.29-koslowski-nt501.mp3Most people experiences the way objects plastically deform on a macroscopic scale. From a car crash to the bending of a paper clip plastic deformation occurs in the form of a smooth flow as a response of an applied stress. But due to the constant shrinking on the dimensions of mechanical devices -such as micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) and micro electronic interconnects- the notion that plasticity is governed not by a steady flow but by the occurrence of intermittent avalanches of ...nomultiscale models, nano electro-mechanical systems, tutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, materials scienceMarisol KoslowskiMarisol KoslowskiOnline PresentationsThu, 29 Nov 2007 02:26:26 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/11/03610/2007.10.29-koslowski-nt501.mp3The Optical Freqency Comb: A Remarkable Tool for Metrology, Science and Medical Diagnosticshttps://nanohub.org/resources/6040
The Optical Frequency Comb concept and technology exploded in 1999-2000 from the synthesis of advances in independent fields of Laser Stabilization, UltraFast Lasers, and NonLinear Optical Fibers. The Comb was developed first as a method for optical frequency measurement, enabling a thousand-fold advance in optical frequency measurement, and searches (in the 17th digit !!) for time-variation of physical "constants". The Comb methods also empower enhanced time-domain control, with broad applications in spectroscopy, metrology, and the extension of nonlinear optics into the XUV range and beyond. A comb-excited Cavity Ringdown measurement allows massively multiplex spectroscopy, sensitively to detect disease-marker molecules within human breath. In Comb-based length metrology, the incredible resolution is accessible ALONG WITH intrinsic resolution of the integer fringe question: two great applications will be control/calibration of next-generation interferometric planet-finder missions, and cold-start dimensional metrology for accurate photolithography of large semiconductor wafers.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/12/06060/2008.10.09-hall-nsu.mp3The Optical Frequency Comb concept and technology exploded in 1999-2000 from the synthesis of advances in independent fields of Laser Stabilization, UltraFast Lasers, and NonLinear Optical Fibers. The Comb was developed first as a method for optical frequency measurement, enabling a thousand-fold advance in optical frequency measurement, and searches (in the 17th digit !!) for time-variation of physical "constants". The Comb methods also empower enhanced time-domain control, with broad applications in spectroscopy, metrology, and the extension of nonlinear optics into the XUV range and beyond. A comb-excited Cavity Ringdown measurement allows massively multiplex spectroscopy, sensitively to detect disease-marker molecules within human breath. In Comb-based length metrology, the incredible resolution is accessible ALONG WITH intrinsic resolution of the integer fringe question: two great applications will be control/calibration of next-generation interferometric planet-finder missions, and cold-start dimensional metrology for accurate photolithography of large semiconductor wafers.notutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, hosted/produced by NCN@Norfolk, experiments, from outside NCN, optics, Hall effect, materials scienceJohn L. HallJohn L. HallOnline PresentationsThu, 01 Jan 2009 00:50:52 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/12/06060/2008.10.09-hall-nsu.mp3Modeling and Analysis of VLSI Interconnectshttps://nanohub.org/resources/2698
With continual technology scaling, the accurate and efficient modeling and simulation of interconnect effects have become problems of central importance. In order to accurately model the distributive effects of interconnects, it is necessary to divide a long wire into several segments, with each regarded as a lumped RLC element. In this tutorial, two fundamental problems in the modeling and analysis of VLSI interconnects will be covered: (i) capacitance extraction and (ii) simulation of interconnects with inductive coupling.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/05/02702/2007.04.25-koh-nt501.mp3With continual technology scaling, the accurate and efficient modeling and simulation of interconnect effects have become problems of central importance. In order to accurately model the distributive effects of interconnects, it is necessary to divide a long wire into several segments, with each regarded as a lumped RLC element. In this tutorial, two fundamental problems in the modeling and analysis of VLSI interconnects will be covered: (i) capacitance extraction and (ii) simulation of interconnects with inductive coupling.noalgorithms, circuits, nanoelectronics, tutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from PurdueCheng-Kok KohCheng-Kok KohOnline PresentationsFri, 11 May 2007 01:32:20 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/05/02702/2007.04.25-koh-nt501.mp3Simulating with PETE: Purdue Exploratory Technology Evaluatorhttps://nanohub.org/resources/3263
Using PETE one can evaluate any MOSFET like devices or any New Devices in terms of performance on Benchmark circuits. The input to the tool can be in terms of typical MOSFET parameters or in terms of I-V and C-V tables. The Benchmark circuits include minimum sized inverter, nand chain, norchain, 8-bit Full Adder, Ring Oscillator and Cascaded inverters driving a big load capacitance. Further, one can perform DC simulations on inverters and obtain voltage transfer characteristics (VTCs) and noise margin/ gain from the VTC. In this tutorial we will discuss how to use PETE for evaluating exploratory nano devices. We will further discuss the algorithms used, the interface and some caveats while using the tool.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/09/03296/2007.09.14-raychowdhury-nt501.mp3Using PETE one can evaluate any MOSFET like devices or any New Devices in terms of performance on Benchmark circuits. The input to the tool can be in terms of typical MOSFET parameters or in terms of I-V and C-V tables. The Benchmark circuits include minimum sized inverter, nand chain, norchain, 8-bit Full Adder, Ring Oscillator and Cascaded inverters driving a big load capacitance. Further, one can perform DC simulations on inverters and obtain voltage transfer characteristics (VTCs) and noise margin/ gain from the VTC. In this tutorial we will discuss how to use PETE for evaluating exploratory nano devices. We will further discuss the algorithms used, the interface and some caveats while using the tool.nocircuits, nanoelectronics, tutorial, TCAD, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from PurdueArijit RaychowdhuryArijit RaychowdhuryOnline PresentationsTue, 25 Sep 2007 19:10:14 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/09/03296/2007.09.14-raychowdhury-nt501.mp3Microstructural Design of Electrically Active Materials and Devices Through Computational Modeling: The OOF Projecthttps://nanohub.org/resources/6134
We present an overview of a public domain program, the Object Oriented Finite Element analysis (OOF), which predicts macroscopic behavior, starting from an image of the microstructure and ending with results from finite element calculations. The program reads an image (or a sequence of images) and assigns material properties to microscopic features. Upon creating a mesh, the topological complexity of the microstructure is resolved by using automated mesh adapting and refining tools. With the resultant mesh, virtual tests are performed to deduce macroscopic behavior, field localization, etc. OOF is designed to be used by materials scientists with little or no computational background. It can solve for a wide range of physical phenomena and can be easily extended. Example applications include rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, thermoelectric generators, ferroelectric materials, just to mention a few.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2009/01/06139/2007.05.16-garcia-nt501.mp3We present an overview of a public domain program, the Object Oriented Finite Element analysis (OOF), which predicts macroscopic behavior, starting from an image of the microstructure and ending with results from finite element calculations. The program reads an image (or a sequence of images) and assigns material properties to microscopic features. Upon creating a mesh, the topological complexity of the microstructure is resolved by using automated mesh adapting and refining tools. With the resultant mesh, virtual tests are performed to deduce macroscopic behavior, field localization, etc. OOF is designed to be used by materials scientists with little or no computational background. It can solve for a wide range of physical phenomena and can be easily extended. Example applications include rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, thermoelectric generators, ferroelectric materials, just to mention a few.nonanoelectronics, tutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, material properties, finite element, mesh, materials scienceR. Edwin GarcíaR. Edwin GarcíaOnline PresentationsWed, 21 Jan 2009 00:10:23 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2009/01/06139/2007.05.16-garcia-nt501.mp3Peanuts vs. Pyramids: Two Perspectives on MEMShttps://nanohub.org/resources/7868
MEMS, the acronym for Micro-electromechanical Systems, also known simply as “Micro-systems,” come in two main types: commodity products (the peanuts) and MEMS-enabled products (the pyramids, or, more correctly, the inverted pyramids). The economics of scale greatly affect how these two classes of products are designed, built, manufactured, and sold. The contrast is illustrated with two real-world examples: The Knowles SiSonic&tm; silicon cell-phone microphone, and the Polychromix PhazIR&tm;, a fully portable battery-operated hand-held near-infrared spectrometer.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2009/11/07872/2009.11.12-Senturia-NT501.mp3MEMS, the acronym for Micro-electromechanical Systems, also known simply as “Micro-systems,” come in two main types: commodity products (the peanuts) and MEMS-enabled products (the pyramids, or, more correctly, the inverted pyramids). The economics of scale greatly affect how these two classes of products are designed, built, manufactured, and sold. The contrast is illustrated with two real-world examples: The Knowles SiSonic&tm; silicon cell-phone microphone, and the Polychromix PhazIR&tm;, a fully portable battery-operated hand-held near-infrared spectrometer.nonano electro-mechanical systems, research seminar, sensors, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from outside NCN, optics, Spectroscopy, from MITStephen D. SenturiaStephen D. SenturiaOnline PresentationsWed, 30 Dec 2009 02:26:24 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2009/11/07872/2009.11.12-Senturia-NT501.mp3Finite Size Scaling and Quantum Criticalityhttps://nanohub.org/resources/3526
In statistical mechanics, the finite size scaling method provides a systematic way to extrapolate information about criticality obtained from a finite system to the thermodynamic limit. For quantum systems, the finite size corresponds not to the spatial dimension but to the number of elements in a complete basis set used to expand the exact wave function of a given Hamiltonian. In this lecture I will discuss how finite size scaling works in quantum mechanics and how to calculate quantum critical parameters for stability of atomic, molecular and quantum dot systems.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/01/03755/2007.11.12-kais-nt501.mp3In statistical mechanics, the finite size scaling method provides a systematic way to extrapolate information about criticality obtained from a finite system to the thermodynamic limit. For quantum systems, the finite size corresponds not to the spatial dimension but to the number of elements in a complete basis set used to expand the exact wave function of a given Hamiltonian. In this lecture I will discuss how finite size scaling works in quantum mechanics and how to calculate quantum critical parameters for stability of atomic, molecular and quantum dot systems.noquantum dots, ab initio, thermodynamics, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from PurdueSabre KaisSabre KaisOnline PresentationsThu, 03 Jan 2008 02:35:16 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/01/03755/2007.11.12-kais-nt501.mp3The Pioneers of Quantum Computinghttps://nanohub.org/resources/8067
This talk profiles the persons whose insights and visions created the subject of quantum information science. Some famous, some not, they all thought deeply about the puzzles and contradictions that were apparent to the founders of quantum theory. After many years of germination, the confluence of their understandings brought the possibilities of quantum computing and quantum communications dramatically onto the scientific scene in the 1990s. Dr. DiVincenzo is an internationally recognized authority on quantum information theory. In particular, he is known for proposing a set of five criteria (commonly called the DiVincenzo criteria) for the physical implementation of quantum computers.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2009/12/08071/2009.09.24-DiVincenzo-PHYS.mp3This talk profiles the persons whose insights and visions created the subject of quantum information science. Some famous, some not, they all thought deeply about the puzzles and contradictions that were apparent to the founders of quantum theory. After many years of germination, the confluence of their understandings brought the possibilities of quantum computing and quantum communications dramatically onto the scientific scene in the 1990s. Dr. DiVincenzo is an internationally recognized authority on quantum information theory. In particular, he is known for proposing a set of five criteria (commonly called the DiVincenzo criteria) for the physical implementation of quantum computers.noalgorithms, tutorial, quantum computing, history, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from outside NCN, DiVincenzo Criteria, Shor\'s algorithmDavid P. Di VincenzoDavid P. Di VincenzoOnline PresentationsSat, 20 Nov 2010 02:39:00 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2009/12/08071/2009.09.24-DiVincenzo-PHYS.mp3Fun in the Sand: Some Experiments in Granular Physicshttps://nanohub.org/resources/8491
In the last two decades, condensed matter physicists have begun an intense study of the dynamic and static properties of granular media (materials made from individual acroscopic solid grains). These materials offer a vast arena of new physical phenomena which are highly accessible and largely unexplored. I will discuss recent work on three different physical phenomena in granular media which demonstrate how relatively simple measurements in this area can reveal surprising results...https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2010/02/08495/2009.09.10-Schiffer-PHYS.mp3In the last two decades, condensed matter physicists have begun an intense study of the dynamic and static properties of granular media (materials made from individual acroscopic solid grains). These materials offer a vast arena of new physical phenomena which are highly accessible and largely unexplored. I will discuss recent work on three different physical phenomena in granular media which demonstrate how relatively simple measurements in this area can reveal surprising results...noresearch seminar, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, experiments, from outside NCN, condensed matter, statistical mechanics, granular media, rheology, materials sciencePeter E. SchifferPeter E. SchifferOnline PresentationsTue, 26 Oct 2010 01:17:17 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2010/02/08495/2009.09.10-Schiffer-PHYS.mp3Semiconductor Interfaces at the Nanoscalehttps://nanohub.org/resources/196
The trend in downscaling of electronic devices and the need to add functionalities such as sensing and nonvolatile memory to existing circuitry dictate that new approaches be developed for device structures and fabrication technologies. Various device technologies are being investigated, including nanotube/nanowire transistors, molecular electronic components and electrical/mechanical sensor platforms.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/09/01830/2005.10.17-janes.mp3The trend in downscaling of electronic devices and the need to add functionalities such as sensing and nonvolatile memory to existing circuitry dictate that new approaches be developed for device structures and fabrication technologies. Various device technologies are being investigated, including nanotube/nanowire transistors, molecular electronic components and electrical/mechanical sensor platforms.nocarbon nanotubes, devices, molecular electronics, nanotransistors, quantum dots, nanoelectronics, tutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, experiments, from Purdue, materials scienceDavid JanesDavid JanesOnline PresentationsThu, 13 Oct 2005 09:00:00 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/09/01830/2005.10.17-janes.mp3Plasmonic Nanophotonics: Coupling Light to Nanostructure via Plasmonshttps://nanohub.org/resources/194
The photon is the ultimate unit of information because it packages data in a signal of zero mass and has unmatched speed. The power of light is driving the photonicrevolution, and information technologies, which were formerly entirely electronic, are increasingly enlisting light to communicate and provide intelligent control. Plasmonic nanophotonics promises to create entirely new prospects for guiding light on the nanoscale, some of which may have revolutionary impact on present-day optical technologies.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/07/01646/2005.10.03-Shalaev.mp3The photon is the ultimate unit of information because it packages data in a signal of zero mass and has unmatched speed. The power of light is driving the photonicrevolution, and information technologies, which were formerly entirely electronic, are increasingly enlisting light to communicate and provide intelligent control. Plasmonic nanophotonics promises to create entirely new prospects for guiding light on the nanoscale, some of which may have revolutionary impact on present-day optical technologies.00:58:48nocircuits, devices, nanotransistors, quantum dots, nanophotonics, tutorial, metamaterials, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, plasmonics, from Purdue, negative index refraction, materials scienceVladimir M. ShalaevVladimir M. ShalaevOnline PresentationsTue, 04 Oct 2005 09:00:00 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/07/01646/2005.10.03-Shalaev.mp3Nanosystems Biologyhttps://nanohub.org/resources/170
As we enter the 21st century, we stand at a major inflection point for biology and medicine-the way we view and practice these disciplines is changing profoundly. These changes are being driven by systems biology, a new approach to biology, and which will increasingly transform medicine from disease-driven and reactive to health-driven and predictive and preventative.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2005/11/00314/2004.09.10-heath.mp3As we enter the 21st century, we stand at a major inflection point for biology and medicine-the way we view and practice these disciplines is changing profoundly. These changes are being driven by systems biology, a new approach to biology, and which will increasingly transform medicine from disease-driven and reactive to health-driven and predictive and preventative.nonanomedicine, research seminar, nanowires, nanofluidics, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from outside NCNJames R. HeathJames R. HeathOnline PresentationsThu, 09 Sep 2004 09:00:00 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2005/11/00314/2004.09.10-heath.mp3Parallel Computing for Realistic Nanoelectronic Simulationshttps://nanohub.org/resources/191
Typical modeling and simulation efforts directed towards the understanding of electron transport at the nanometer scale utilize single workstations as computational engines. Growing understanding of the involved physics and the need to model realistically extended devices increases the complexity and size of the modeling and simulation problems such that single CPU workstations can no longer provide fast result turn-around times.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/09/01821/2005.09.12-klimeck.mp3Typical modeling and simulation efforts directed towards the understanding of electron transport at the nanometer scale utilize single workstations as computational engines. Growing understanding of the involved physics and the need to model realistically extended devices increases the complexity and size of the modeling and simulation problems such that single CPU workstations can no longer provide fast result turn-around times.noalgorithms, devices, education/outreach, general tools, multiscale models, NEGF, quantum dots, visualization, cyberinfrastructure, tutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, materials scienceGerhard KlimeckGerhard KlimeckOnline PresentationsMon, 26 Sep 2005 09:00:00 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/09/01821/2005.09.12-klimeck.mp3Bandstructure in Nanoelectronicshttps://nanohub.org/resources/381
This presentation will highlight, for nanoelectronic device examples, how the effective mass approximation breaks down and why the quantum mechanical nature of the atomically resolved material needs to be included in the device modeling. Atomistic bandstructure effects in resonant tunneling diodes, ultra-scales Si slabs, Si nanowires, and alloyed quantum dots will be demonstrated in intuitive pictures. The presentation concludes with a brief overview of the empirical tight-binding method that bridges the gap between material science, physics, and electrical engineering for the quantitative design and analysis of nanoelectronic devices.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/03/01134/2005.11.02-Klimeck.mp3This presentation will highlight, for nanoelectronic device examples, how the effective mass approximation breaks down and why the quantum mechanical nature of the atomically resolved material needs to be included in the device modeling. Atomistic bandstructure effects in resonant tunneling diodes, ultra-scales Si slabs, Si nanowires, and alloyed quantum dots will be demonstrated in intuitive pictures. The presentation concludes with a brief overview of the empirical tight-binding method that bridges the gap between material science, physics, and electrical engineering for the quantitative design and analysis of nanoelectronic devices.62 min.noalgorithms, devices, multiscale models, nanotransistors, NEGF, quantum dots, visualization, nanoelectronics, tutorial, band structure, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, materials scienceGerhard KlimeckGerhard KlimeckOnline PresentationsTue, 01 Nov 2005 10:00:00 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/03/01134/2005.11.02-Klimeck.mp3Designing Nanocomposite Thermoelectric Materialshttps://nanohub.org/resources/383
This tutorial reviews recent strategies for designing high-ZT nanostructured materials, including superlattices, embedded quantum dots, and nanowire composites. The tutorial highlights the challenges inherent to coupled electronic and thermal transport properties.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/08/01687/2005.11.08-sands.mp3This tutorial reviews recent strategies for designing high-ZT nanostructured materials, including superlattices, embedded quantum dots, and nanowire composites. The tutorial highlights the challenges inherent to coupled electronic and thermal transport properties.nodevices, quantum dots, nanoelectronics, tutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, experiments, from Purdue, materials scienceTimothy D. SandsTimothy D. SandsOnline PresentationsTue, 08 Nov 2005 10:00:00 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/08/01687/2005.11.08-sands.mp3First Principles-based Atomistic and Mesoscale Modeling of Materialshttps://nanohub.org/resources/434
This tutorial will describe some of the most powerful and widely used techniques for materials modeling including i) first principles quantum mechanics (QM), ii) large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and iii) mesoscale modeling, together with the strategies to bridge between them. These strategies are predictive, and useful for design and optimization of new materials or devices.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/03/01132/2005.11.16-Strachan.mp3This tutorial will describe some of the most powerful and widely used techniques for materials modeling including i) first principles quantum mechanics (QM), ii) large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and iii) mesoscale modeling, together with the strategies to bridge between them. These strategies are predictive, and useful for design and optimization of new materials or devices.noalgorithms, devices, education/outreach, general tools, multiscale models, nano electro-mechanical systems, visualization, tutorial, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, materials scienceAlejandro StrachanAlejandro StrachanOnline PresentationsThu, 17 Nov 2005 00:15:24 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/03/01132/2005.11.16-Strachan.mp3Simple Theory of the Ballistic MOSFEThttps://nanohub.org/resources/491
Silicon nanoelectronics has become silicon nanoelectronics, but we still analyze, design, and think about MOSFETs in more or less in the same way that we did 30 years ago. In this talk, I will describe a simple analysis of the ballistic MOSFET. No MOSFET is truly ballistic, but approaching this familiar device from a different perspective can be useful. The talk will introduce a very simple, general model, then apply it to the planar MOSFET. My objective is to describe the theory in enough detail so that you can intelligently use the program, FETToy, or write a more general program yourself.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/06/01585/2005.10.11-Lundstrom.mp3Silicon nanoelectronics has become silicon nanoelectronics, but we still analyze, design, and think about MOSFETs in more or less in the same way that we did 30 years ago. In this talk, I will describe a simple analysis of the ballistic MOSFET. No MOSFET is truly ballistic, but approaching this familiar device from a different perspective can be useful. The talk will introduce a very simple, general model, then apply it to the planar MOSFET. My objective is to describe the theory in enough detail so that you can intelligently use the program, FETToy, or write a more general program yourself.nodevices, education/outreach, molecular electronics, nanotransistors, NEGF, nanoelectronics, tutorial, ballistic MOSFET, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from PurdueMark LundstromMark LundstromOnline PresentationsWed, 19 Oct 2005 09:00:00 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/06/01585/2005.10.11-Lundstrom.mp3Atomic Force Microscopyhttps://nanohub.org/resources/520
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is an indispensible tool in nano science for the fabrication, metrology, manipulation, and property characterization of nanostructures. This tutorial reviews some of the physics of the interaction forces between the nanoscale tip and sample, the dynamics of the oscillating tip, and the basic theory of some of the common modes of AFM operation. The tutorial summarizes some of the exciting new applications of Atomic Force Microscopy.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/06/01558/2005.11.28-Raman.mp3Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is an indispensible tool in nano science for the fabrication, metrology, manipulation, and property characterization of nanostructures. This tutorial reviews some of the physics of the interaction forces between the nanoscale tip and sample, the dynamics of the oscillating tip, and the basic theory of some of the common modes of AFM operation. The tutorial summarizes some of the exciting new applications of Atomic Force Microscopy.nocarbon nanotubes, circuits, devices, education/outreach, general tools, molecular electronics, nano electro-mechanical systems, quantum dots, spintronics, tutorial, atomic force microscopy, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue,...Arvind RamanArvind RamanOnline PresentationsTue, 29 Nov 2005 23:07:50 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/06/01558/2005.11.28-Raman.mp3A Primer on Semiconductor Device Simulationhttps://nanohub.org/resources/980
Computer simulation is now an essential tool for the research and development of semiconductor processes and devices, but to use a simulation tool intelligently, one must know what's "under the hood." This talk is a tutorial introduction designed for someone using semiconductor device simulation for the first time. After reviewing the semiconductor equations, I will briefly describe how one solves them "exactly" on a computer. I'll then discuss an example device simulation program and conclude with some thoughts about how to effectively use simulation in practice.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/06/01570/2006.01.23-Lundstrom.mp3Computer simulation is now an essential tool for the research and development of semiconductor processes and devices, but to use a simulation tool intelligently, one must know what's "under the hood." This talk is a tutorial introduction designed for someone using semiconductor device simulation for the first time. After reviewing the semiconductor equations, I will briefly describe how one solves them "exactly" on a computer. I'll then discuss an example device simulation program and conclude with some thoughts about how to effectively use simulation in practice.noalgorithms, circuits, devices, education/outreach, general tools, nanotransistors, nanoelectronics, tutorial, processing, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from PurdueMark LundstromMark LundstromOnline PresentationsTue, 24 Jan 2006 02:26:33 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/06/01570/2006.01.23-Lundstrom.mp3Making the Tiniest and Fastest Transistor using Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)https://nanohub.org/resources/1015
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is an emerging nanotechnology enables the deposit of ultrathin films, one atomic layer by one atomic layer. ALD provides a powerful, new capability to grow or regrow nanoscale ultrathin films of metals, semiconductors and insulators. This presentation introduces ALD concepts and explains the process of making the tiniest, fastest transistors with the new technology.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/07/01616/2006.02.13-Ye.mp3Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is an emerging nanotechnology enables the deposit of ultrathin films, one atomic layer by one atomic layer. ALD provides a powerful, new capability to grow or regrow nanoscale ultrathin films of metals, semiconductors and insulators. This presentation introduces ALD concepts and explains the process of making the tiniest, fastest transistors with the new technology.nodevices, nanotransistors, nanoelectronics, tutorial, atomic layer deposition, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, experiments, from Purdue, materials sciencepeide yepeide yeOnline PresentationsMon, 13 Feb 2006 23:30:00 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/07/01616/2006.02.13-Ye.mp3Electron and Ion Microscopies as Characterization Tools for Nanoscience and Nanotechnologyhttps://nanohub.org/resources/1097
This tutorial presents a broad overview of the basic physical principles of techniques used in scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as their application to understanding processing/structure/property relationships in nanostructured materials. Special emphasis is placed on the capabilities (existing and planned) in the microscopy labs of the Birck Nanotechnology Center at Purdue University.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/08/01691/2006.02.27-stach.mp3This tutorial presents a broad overview of the basic physical principles of techniques used in scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as their application to understanding processing/structure/property relationships in nanostructured materials. Special emphasis is placed on the capabilities (existing and planned) in the microscopy labs of the Birck Nanotechnology Center at Purdue University.nocarbon nanotubes, devices, education/outreach, general tools, visualization, tutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, experiments, from Purdue, from outside NCN, materials scienceEric StachEric StachOnline PresentationsSat, 18 Mar 2006 03:53:25 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/08/01691/2006.02.27-stach.mp3The Long and Short of Pick-up Stick Transistors: A Promising Technology for Nano- and Macro-Electronicshttps://nanohub.org/resources/1214
In recent years, there has been enormous interest in the emerging field of large-area macro-electronics, and fabricating thin-film transistors on flexible substrates. This talk will cover recent work in developing a comprehensive theoretical framework to describe the performance of these "pick-up stick" transistors and to show that an intuitive generalization of finite-size stick percolation theory can consistently interpret a broad range of experimental data reported in the literature.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/05/01272/2006.04.11-Alam.mp3In recent years, there has been enormous interest in the emerging field of large-area macro-electronics, and fabricating thin-film transistors on flexible substrates. This talk will cover recent work in developing a comprehensive theoretical framework to describe the performance of these "pick-up stick" transistors and to show that an intuitive generalization of finite-size stick percolation theory can consistently interpret a broad range of experimental data reported in the literature.noalgorithms, carbon nanotubes, devices, education/outreach, molecular electronics, multiscale models, nanotransistors, tutorial, nanowires, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, materials scienceMuhammad A. AlamMuhammad A. AlamOnline PresentationsTue, 11 Apr 2006 22:36:55 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/05/01272/2006.04.11-Alam.mp3A Primer on Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)https://nanohub.org/resources/1185
Scanning Probe Microscopes and their remarkable ability to provide three-dimensional maps of surfaces at the nanometer length scale have arguably been the most important tool in establishing the world-wide emergence of Nanotechnology. In this talk, the fundamental ideas behind the first scanning probe microscope – the Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) – will be reviewed. By controlling quantum mechanical electron tunneling, an exquisitely sensitive probe can be built to measure height variations above a surface at the picometer (10-12 m) level. Some of the historically important problems solved by STMs will be discussed and a few of the important design principles required to build an STM will also be outlined.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/05/01284/2006.04.03-Reifenberger.mp3Scanning Probe Microscopes and their remarkable ability to provide three-dimensional maps of surfaces at the nanometer length scale have arguably been the most important tool in establishing the world-wide emergence of Nanotechnology. In this talk, the fundamental ideas behind the first scanning probe microscope – the Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) – will be reviewed. By controlling quantum mechanical electron tunneling, an exquisitely sensitive probe can be built to measure height variations above a surface at the picometer (10-12 m) level. Some of the historically important problems solved by STMs will be discussed and a few of the important design principles required to build an STM will also be outlined.nogeneral tools, tutorial, scanning probe microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, experiments, from Purdue, INTRO, materials scienceRon ReifenbergerRon ReifenbergerOnline PresentationsTue, 04 Apr 2006 18:49:50 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/05/01284/2006.04.03-Reifenberger.mp3Switching Energy in CMOS Logic: How far are we from physical limit?https://nanohub.org/resources/1250
Aggressive scaling of CMOS devices in technology generation has resulted in exponential growth in device performance, integration density and computing power. However, the power dissipated by a silicon chip is also increasing in every generation and emerging as a major bottleneck to technology scaling in nanometer technologies. Hence, analysis and reduction of switching energy in binary logic has drawn significant research interest in recent years.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/07/01650/2006.04.24-Mukhopadhyay.mp3Aggressive scaling of CMOS devices in technology generation has resulted in exponential growth in device performance, integration density and computing power. However, the power dissipated by a silicon chip is also increasing in every generation and emerging as a major bottleneck to technology scaling in nanometer technologies. Hence, analysis and reduction of switching energy in binary logic has drawn significant research interest in recent years.nocircuits, devices, education/outreach, nanoelectronics, tutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from PurdueSaibal MukhopadhyaySaibal MukhopadhyayOnline PresentationsTue, 25 Apr 2006 02:57:55 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/07/01650/2006.04.24-Mukhopadhyay.mp3MATLAB DOs and DON\'Tshttps://nanohub.org/resources/1279
Matlab is widely used for simulations but is believed to be unsuitable for complex projects and to produce slow-running software tools. The presentation argues that blind copying of methods typical of C and Fortran is responsible for such inefficiencies; the presentation teaches avoidance of these mistakes and improvement of the run time and usability of codes by using unique Matlab methods. Tools for optimizing the code and good software practices are also discussed.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/05/01493/2006.05.06-nikonov.mp3Matlab is widely used for simulations but is believed to be unsuitable for complex projects and to produce slow-running software tools. The presentation argues that blind copying of methods typical of C and Fortran is responsible for such inefficiencies; the presentation teaches avoidance of these mistakes and improvement of the run time and usability of codes by using unique Matlab methods. Tools for optimizing the code and good software practices are also discussed.nocyberinfrastructure, tutorial, Matlab, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from outside NCNDmitri NikonovDmitri NikonovOnline PresentationsSun, 14 May 2006 08:59:00 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/05/01493/2006.05.06-nikonov.mp3Design of CMOS Circuits in the Nanometer Regime: Leakage Tolerancehttps://nanohub.org/resources/2023
The scaling of technology has produced exponential growth in transistor development and computing power in the last few decades, but scaling still presents several challenges. These two lectures will cover device aware CMOS design to address power, reliability, and process variations in scaled technologies for different application domains: high-performance with power as constraint and ultra-low power with reasonable performance.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/11/02029/2006.11.17-roy-nt501.mp3The scaling of technology has produced exponential growth in transistor development and computing power in the last few decades, but scaling still presents several challenges. These two lectures will cover device aware CMOS design to address power, reliability, and process variations in scaled technologies for different application domains: high-performance with power as constraint and ultra-low power with reasonable performance.nodevices, nanotransistors, nanoelectronics, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from PurdueKaushik RoyKaushik RoyOnline PresentationsWed, 29 Nov 2006 00:38:54 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/11/02029/2006.11.17-roy-nt501.mp3Design in the Nanometer Regime: Process Variationhttps://nanohub.org/resources/2018
Scaling of technology over the last few decades has produced an exponential growth in computing power of integrated circuits and an unprecedented number of transistors integrated into a single. However, scaling is facing several problems — severe short channel effects, exponential increase in leakage current, increased process parameter variations, and new reliability concerns.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/11/02022/2006.11.10-roy-nt501.mp3Scaling of technology over the last few decades has produced an exponential growth in computing power of integrated circuits and an unprecedented number of transistors integrated into a single. However, scaling is facing several problems — severe short channel effects, exponential increase in leakage current, increased process parameter variations, and new reliability concerns.nodevices, nanotransistors, nanoelectronics, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from PurdueKaushik RoyKaushik RoyOnline PresentationsWed, 29 Nov 2006 20:00:44 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/11/02022/2006.11.10-roy-nt501.mp3Scientific Ethics and the Signs of Voodoo Sciencehttps://nanohub.org/resources/1898
Until recently, the issue of research ethics had not been a subject of explicit discussion within the Physics community. Over the past ten years, however, documented cases of scientific fraud have brought this issue to center stage. We will explore, through case studies, some examples ranging from poor scientific practice to deliberate manipulation and fabrication of data.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/11/02017/2006.10.17-hirsch-nt501.mp3Until recently, the issue of research ethics had not been a subject of explicit discussion within the Physics community. Over the past ten years, however, documented cases of scientific fraud have brought this issue to center stage. We will explore, through case studies, some examples ranging from poor scientific practice to deliberate manipulation and fabrication of data.notutorial, research ethics, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, nanotechnology general, from PurdueAndrew S. HirschAndrew S. HirschOnline PresentationsWed, 18 Oct 2006 21:46:36 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/11/02017/2006.10.17-hirsch-nt501.mp3Geometry of Diffusion and the Performance Limits of Nanobiosensorshttps://nanohub.org/resources/2048
This presentation demonstrates how the classical diffusion-capture (D-C) model has improved sensor performance, since the D-C model is a "geometry of diffusion" rather than a "geometry of electrostatics." A scaling law based on D-C is also posited; the scaling law resolves many classical puzzles and aids the interpretation of experiments to date with a simple coherent framework.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/12/02052/2006.11.27-alam-nt501.mp3This presentation demonstrates how the classical diffusion-capture (D-C) model has improved sensor performance, since the D-C model is a "geometry of diffusion" rather than a "geometry of electrostatics." A scaling law based on D-C is also posited; the scaling law resolves many classical puzzles and aids the interpretation of experiments to date with a simple coherent framework.nosensors, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from PurdueMuhammad A. Alam, Pradeep R. NairMuhammad A. Alam, Pradeep R. NairOnline PresentationsWed, 06 Dec 2006 00:19:40 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/12/02052/2006.11.27-alam-nt501.mp3What is "Nanofluidics"? or The Nano-izing of Fluid Mechanicshttps://nanohub.org/resources/1604
Micro- and nanoscaled fluid mechanics are rapidly emerging as important supporting fields in biomedical technology, nanotechnology, etc., as well as being important fields of study in their own right. Despite the common use of these terms in the literature, the fluid behavior at these small length scales is quite often misunderstood. The topics of continuum breakdown, electrokinetics, and surface phenomena will be discussed in this presentation and hopefully some light shed on what nanofluidics really is.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/06/01608/2006.04.17-Werely.mp3Micro- and nanoscaled fluid mechanics are rapidly emerging as important supporting fields in biomedical technology, nanotechnology, etc., as well as being important fields of study in their own right. Despite the common use of these terms in the literature, the fluid behavior at these small length scales is quite often misunderstood. The topics of continuum breakdown, electrokinetics, and surface phenomena will be discussed in this presentation and hopefully some light shed on what nanofluidics really is.nocarbon nanotubes, nano electro-mechanical systems, tutorial, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, materials scienceSteve WereleySteve WereleyOnline PresentationsThu, 29 Jun 2006 01:09:11 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2006/06/01608/2006.04.17-Werely.mp3RF MEMS: Passive Components and Architectureshttps://nanohub.org/resources/2141
This seminar is an introduction to the MEMS technology as itapplies to RF and Microwave systems. Besides discussing several key RFMEMS components (switches, varactors, inductors), reconfigurable circuitarchitectures will also be introduced. In addition, reliability and costconsiderations as applied to the future of the RF MEMS technology willbe included.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/01/02145/2006.12.04-peroulis-nt501.mp3This seminar is an introduction to the MEMS technology as itapplies to RF and Microwave systems. Besides discussing several key RFMEMS components (switches, varactors, inductors), reconfigurable circuitarchitectures will also be introduced. In addition, reliability and costconsiderations as applied to the future of the RF MEMS technology willbe included.nocircuits, devices, nano electro-mechanical systems, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from PurdueDimitrios PeroulisDimitrios PeroulisOnline PresentationsTue, 09 Jan 2007 02:01:21 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/01/02145/2006.12.04-peroulis-nt501.mp3Materials strength: does size matter? nanoMATERIALS simulation toolkit tutorialhttps://nanohub.org/resources/2322
Molecular dynamics (MD) is a powerful technique to characterize the fundamental, atomic-level processes that govern materials behavior and is playing an important role in our understanding of the new phenomena that arises in nanoscale and nanostructured materials and result in their unique properties. This tutorial focuses on the atomic level mechanisms that govern the strength of materials and how they are affected by size and microstructure. In order to provide a hands-on experience we will introduce the use of the "nanoMATERIALS simulation toolkit'" a general purpose tool for the atomistic simulation of materials available at the nanoHUB. Users will use MD to characterize the deformation of metallic nanowires and analyze and visualize the results. We foresee that such simulations will help students and researchers interested in nanotechnology gain a more intuitive understanding of materials at atomic level.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/02/02326/2007.01.24-strachan-nt501.mp3Molecular dynamics (MD) is a powerful technique to characterize the fundamental, atomic-level processes that govern materials behavior and is playing an important role in our understanding of the new phenomena that arises in nanoscale and nanostructured materials and result in their unique properties. This tutorial focuses on the atomic level mechanisms that govern the strength of materials and how they are affected by size and microstructure. In order to provide a hands-on experience we will introduce the use of the "nanoMATERIALS simulation toolkit'" a general purpose tool for the atomistic simulation of materials available at the nanoHUB. Users will use MD to characterize the deformation of metallic nanowires and analyze and visualize the results. We foresee that such simulations will help students and researchers interested in nanotechnology gain a more intuitive understanding of materials at atomic level.notutorial, molecular dynamics, nanowires, mechanical properties, dev/funded by NCN@Purdue, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, materials, from Purdue, nanomaterials, materials scienceAlejandro StrachanAlejandro StrachanOnline PresentationsFri, 02 Feb 2007 00:37:57 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/02/02326/2007.01.24-strachan-nt501.mp3Is Seeing Believing? How to Think Visually and Analyze with Both Your Eyes and Brainhttps://nanohub.org/resources/2512
This presentation will cover the basic techniques, and some of the available tools, for visualization, and will explain how to avoid miscommunicating information from visualizations.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/03/02516/2007.03.07-ebert-nt501.mp3This presentation will cover the basic techniques, and some of the available tools, for visualization, and will explain how to avoid miscommunicating information from visualizations.noalgorithms, visualization, cyberinfrastructure, tutorial, software development, programming techniques, nanowires, biomolecular electronics, dev/funded by NCN@Purdue, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from PurdueDavid EbertDavid EbertOnline PresentationsMon, 26 Mar 2007 22:03:25 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/03/02516/2007.03.07-ebert-nt501.mp3Toward Improving the Precision of Nanoscale Force-Displacement Measurementshttps://nanohub.org/resources/2452
Nanotechnology has great potential for being used to create better medicines, materials, and sensors. With increasing interest in nanotechnology to improve the quality of our lives, there has been an increasing use of nanoscience tools to measure force and displacement to understand nanoscale phenomena. However, to better exploit the physical attributes of nanoscale phenomena for engineered nanosystems, we must be able to explore the phenomena much more precisely than can be done today.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/04/02573/2007.02.21-clark-nt501.mp3Nanotechnology has great potential for being used to create better medicines, materials, and sensors. With increasing interest in nanotechnology to improve the quality of our lives, there has been an increasing use of nanoscience tools to measure force and displacement to understand nanoscale phenomena. However, to better exploit the physical attributes of nanoscale phenomena for engineered nanosystems, we must be able to explore the phenomena much more precisely than can be done today.notutorial, atomic force microscopy, sensors, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, experiments, from Purdue, Jason Vaughn ClarkJason ClarkJason ClarkOnline PresentationsTue, 13 Mar 2007 20:59:52 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/04/02573/2007.02.21-clark-nt501.mp3Nucleic Acidshttps://nanohub.org/resources/2674
Living organisms are self-assembling systems that achieve an enormous variety of functions through organization of components from sub-nanometer to meter scale. Understanding the functions of these systems must start with a study of the molecular components, their structures and interactions. By understanding these structures and their functions we gain the ability to design and construct materials and devices to detect and monitor biological processes and ultimately build complex systems that transcend biology.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/05/02678/2007.04.08-bergstrom-nt501.mp3Living organisms are self-assembling systems that achieve an enormous variety of functions through organization of components from sub-nanometer to meter scale. Understanding the functions of these systems must start with a study of the molecular components, their structures and interactions. By understanding these structures and their functions we gain the ability to design and construct materials and devices to detect and monitor biological processes and ultimately build complex systems that transcend biology.notutorial, DNA/Nucleic Acids, self-assembly, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from PurdueDon BergstromDon BergstromOnline PresentationsTue, 08 May 2007 01:18:12 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/05/02678/2007.04.08-bergstrom-nt501.mp3SUGAR: the SPICE for MEMShttps://nanohub.org/resources/2735
In this seminar, I present some design, modeling, and simulation features of a computer aided engineering tool for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) called SUGAR. For experimental verification, I use a microdevice that is difficult to simulate with conventional MEMS software. I show that the relative errors of the lumped models are less than 3% of finite element analysis; that the computational costs are much less than 1% of finite element analysis; and that simulation fairly agrees with experiment. Features of SUGAR include: a flexible SPICE-like netlist language for MEMS design; a simple modeling framework for computationally efficient lumped models; an extensible architecture to which users can add features; and the ability to display 3D circuits together with deflected electromechanical structures. Since SUGAR is programmed in MATLAB, a multitude of commonly used functions and 3rd-party toolboxes may be used with SUGAR at once. Such attributes facilitate the exploration of design spaces and feature modifications.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/05/02739/2007.04.11-clark-nt501.mp3In this seminar, I present some design, modeling, and simulation features of a computer aided engineering tool for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) called SUGAR. For experimental verification, I use a microdevice that is difficult to simulate with conventional MEMS software. I show that the relative errors of the lumped models are less than 3% of finite element analysis; that the computational costs are much less than 1% of finite element analysis; and that simulation fairly agrees with experiment. Features of SUGAR include: a flexible SPICE-like netlist language for MEMS design; a simple modeling framework for computationally efficient lumped models; an extensible architecture to which users can add features; and the ability to display 3D circuits together with deflected electromechanical structures. Since SUGAR is programmed in MATLAB, a multitude of commonly used functions and 3rd-party toolboxes may be used with SUGAR at once. Such attributes facilitate the exploration of design spaces and feature modifications.noalgorithms, circuits, devices, nano electro-mechanical systems, tutorial, software development, programming techniques, sensors, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, SUGAR, Jason Vaughn ClarkJason ClarkJason ClarkOnline PresentationsMon, 21 May 2007 23:34:32 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/05/02739/2007.04.11-clark-nt501.mp3Introduction to X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and to XPS Applicationshttps://nanohub.org/resources/2668
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), which is known as Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA), is a powerful research tool for the study of the surface of solids. The technique is widely used for studies of the properties of atoms, molecules, solids, and surfaces. The main success of the XPS technique is associated with studies of the physical and chemical phenomena on the surface of solids. These investigations were limited by relatively simple inorganic reactions and not many biologically related objects were approached by XPS. There are impartial reasons for low involvement of XPS into investigations of biologically related objects. In this presentation successful examples of XPS studies of bio-related specimens will be presented. In particular, the systematic XPS investigation of four peptide-silane and peptide- silane hybrid sol-gel thin films prepared under biologically benign conditions will be reported. This work demonstrates a use for XPS to characterized biologically inspired surfaces, providing critical information on peptide coverage on the surface of the materials. The self-assembling layer characterization will be considered on the examples of thiols on Au and aryl diazonium molecules on Si(111).https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/05/02733/2007.04.27-zemlyanov.mp3X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), which is known as Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA), is a powerful research tool for the study of the surface of solids. The technique is widely used for studies of the properties of atoms, molecules, solids, and surfaces. The main success of the XPS technique is associated with studies of the physical and chemical phenomena on the surface of solids. These investigations were limited by relatively simple inorganic reactions and not many biologically related objects were approached by XPS. There are impartial reasons for low involvement of XPS into investigations of biologically related objects. In this presentation successful examples of XPS studies of bio-related specimens will be presented. In particular, the systematic XPS investigation of four peptide-silane and peptide- silane hybrid sol-gel thin films prepared under biologically benign conditions will be reported. This work demonstrates a use for XPS to characterized biologically inspired surfaces, providing critical information on peptide coverage on the surface of the materials. The self-assembling layer characterization will be considered on the examples of thiols on Au and aryl diazonium molecules on Si(111).notutorial, bioelectronic components, biomolecular electronics, DNA/Nucleic Acids, proteins, surfaces, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, from outside NCN, materials scienceDmitry ZemlyanovDmitry ZemlyanovOnline PresentationsFri, 18 May 2007 00:34:46 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/05/02733/2007.04.27-zemlyanov.mp3Dripping, Jetting, Drops and Wetting: the Magic of Microfluidicshttps://nanohub.org/resources/2764
This talk will discuss some of the new opportunities That arises by precisely controlling fluid flow and mixing using microfluidicdevices. I describe studies to elucidate mechanisms of drop formation and use these to create new fluid structures that are difficult to achieve with my other method. I also show how the exquisite control afforded by the Microfluidic devices provides the enabling technology to use droplets as nanoreactors to qualitatively increase the rate of combinatorial screening ofChemical reactions.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/06/02782/2007.05.01-weitz.mp3This talk will discuss some of the new opportunities That arises by precisely controlling fluid flow and mixing using microfluidicdevices. I describe studies to elucidate mechanisms of drop formation and use these to create new fluid structures that are difficult to achieve with my other method. I also show how the exquisite control afforded by the Microfluidic devices provides the enabling technology to use droplets as nanoreactors to qualitatively increase the rate of combinatorial screening ofChemical reactions.nodevices, research seminar, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from outside NCN, microfluidics, materials scienceDavid A. WeitzDavid A. WeitzOnline PresentationsWed, 13 Jun 2007 17:53:27 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/06/02782/2007.05.01-weitz.mp3Molecular Interferometryhttps://nanohub.org/resources/2832
While single-molecule detection through fluorescence has now become common-place, there has been no analogous single-molecule capability using direct detection approaches such as interferometry. This limitation is slowly yielding to high-speed interferoemtric detection that is pushing the detection into the small-number limit. In this tutorial, I will outline the basic principles of interferometry and their application to the detection of biomolecules on solid surfaces. The use of high-speed detection on a spinning disc provides an immediate 50 dB noise suppression that is hard to match with high-gain approaches such as surface-plasmon resonance or Fabry-Perots. I will describe the application of spinning-disc interferometry (SDI) on the BioCD to detect antigen binding to immobilized antibodies by establishing phase quadrature conditions in common-path interferometry that is impervious to mechanical perturbations. The high-speed disc approach is developing in parallel with an imaging approach called molecular interferometric imaging (MI2) that directly images molecular patterns on surfaces with sensitivities down to 100 molecules per pixelhttps://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/06/02836/2007.03.28-nolte-nt501.mp3While single-molecule detection through fluorescence has now become common-place, there has been no analogous single-molecule capability using direct detection approaches such as interferometry. This limitation is slowly yielding to high-speed interferoemtric detection that is pushing the detection into the small-number limit. In this tutorial, I will outline the basic principles of interferometry and their application to the detection of biomolecules on solid surfaces. The use of high-speed detection on a spinning disc provides an immediate 50 dB noise suppression that is hard to match with high-gain approaches such as surface-plasmon resonance or Fabry-Perots. I will describe the application of spinning-disc interferometry (SDI) on the BioCD to detect antigen binding to immobilized antibodies by establishing phase quadrature conditions in common-path interferometry that is impervious to mechanical perturbations. The high-speed disc approach is developing in parallel with an imaging approach called molecular interferometric imaging (MI2) that directly images molecular patterns on surfaces with sensitivities down to 100 molecules per pixelnonanomedicine, nanophotonics, tutorial, DNA/Nucleic Acids, proteins, sensors, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, from outside NCN, biophotonics, biosensing, bio-chip, interferometryDavid D. NolteDavid D. NolteOnline PresentationsWed, 27 Jun 2007 01:13:36 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/06/02836/2007.03.28-nolte-nt501.mp3Engineering Nanomedical Systemshttps://nanohub.org/resources/3539
This tutorial will cover general problems and approaches to the design of engineered nanomedical systems. An example to be covered is the engineering design of programmable multilayered nanoparticles (PMNP) to control a multi-sequence process of targeting to rare cells in-vivo, re-targeting to intracellular sites, and controlling of final gene/drug delivery. Therapeutic genes can be manufactured inside living cells as a "nanofactory" under the control of these molecular biosensors providing feedback- controlled single cell medicine.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/11/03543/2007.10.15-leary-nt501.mp3This tutorial will cover general problems and approaches to the design of engineered nanomedical systems. An example to be covered is the engineering design of programmable multilayered nanoparticles (PMNP) to control a multi-sequence process of targeting to rare cells in-vivo, re-targeting to intracellular sites, and controlling of final gene/drug delivery. Therapeutic genes can be manufactured inside living cells as a "nanofactory" under the control of these molecular biosensors providing feedback- controlled single cell medicine.noquantum dots, nanomedicine, tutorial, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, drug delivery, from Purdue, gene deliveryJames LearyJames LearyOnline PresentationsSat, 17 Nov 2007 00:43:22 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/11/03543/2007.10.15-leary-nt501.mp3Electrons in Two Dimensions: Quantum Corrals and Semiconductor Microstructureshttps://nanohub.org/resources/3253
The images generated by a scanning tunneling microscope are iconic. Some of the most famous are Don Eigler’s quantum corrals, which reveal not only the guest atoms on a surface but especially the interference patterns of electrons shuttling back and forth along the surface. To understand the images, we first discuss the middle name in STM - tunneling. But the real story behind Eigler’s images is a profound confirmation of quantum interference and the wave nature of matter. We will discuss the special surface dwelling electrons and the scattering of them off atoms and defects on the surface, making analogies with sound wave scattering. We will listen to atoms being moved one at a time, and come to understand the new physics they reveal.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/09/03257/2007.02.12-heller.mp3The images generated by a scanning tunneling microscope are iconic. Some of the most famous are Don Eigler’s quantum corrals, which reveal not only the guest atoms on a surface but especially the interference patterns of electrons shuttling back and forth along the surface. To understand the images, we first discuss the middle name in STM - tunneling. But the real story behind Eigler’s images is a profound confirmation of quantum interference and the wave nature of matter. We will discuss the special surface dwelling electrons and the scattering of them off atoms and defects on the surface, making analogies with sound wave scattering. We will listen to atoms being moved one at a time, and come to understand the new physics they reveal.novisualization, tutorial, research seminar, scanning tunneling microscopy, quantum mechanics, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from outside NCN, quantum corrals, materials scienceEric J. HellerEric J. HellerOnline PresentationsTue, 04 Dec 2007 21:35:48 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2007/09/03257/2007.02.12-heller.mp3Nanoelectronic Modeling: Multimillion Atom Simulations, Transport, and HPC Scaling to 23,000 Processorshttps://nanohub.org/resources/3988
Future field effect transistors will be on the same length scales as “esoteric” devices such as quantum dots, nanowires, ultra-scaled quantum wells, and resonant tunneling diodes. In those structures the behavior of carriers and their interaction with their environment need to be fundamentally explained at a quantum mechanical level. Modeling efforts that are targeted to enhance the theoretical understanding of these devices are underway worldwide. Most of these device level descriptions utilize an effective mass approach which ignores any details of the atomic granularity. However, the concepts of device and material meet at the nanometer scale. The new device is really a new material and vice versa. A representation of the constituent materials at the atomic resolution is needed to quantitatively model devices with a countable number of atoms. While atomistic representations are novel to device physicists, the concept of finite devices that are not infinitely periodic is novel in the semiconductor materials modeling community. This presentation will provide a perspective of the NEMO 1-D and NEMO 3-D tool developments, their scaling on advanced computational resources up to 23,000 processors, their impact on the understanding of nanoelectronic devices, and the need for continued algorithm work.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/03/04141/2008.02.07-klimeck-siam.mp3Future field effect transistors will be on the same length scales as “esoteric” devices such as quantum dots, nanowires, ultra-scaled quantum wells, and resonant tunneling diodes. In those structures the behavior of carriers and their interaction with their environment need to be fundamentally explained at a quantum mechanical level. Modeling efforts that are targeted to enhance the theoretical understanding of these devices are underway worldwide. Most of these device level descriptions utilize an effective mass approach which ignores any details of the atomic granularity. However, the concepts of device and material meet at the nanometer scale. The new device is really a new material and vice versa. A representation of the constituent materials at the atomic resolution is needed to quantitatively model devices with a countable number of atoms. While atomistic representations are novel to device physicists, the concept of finite devices that are not infinitely periodic is novel in the semiconductor materials modeling community. This presentation will provide a perspective of the NEMO 1-D and NEMO 3-D tool developments, their scaling on advanced computational resources up to 23,000 processors, their impact on the understanding of nanoelectronic devices, and the need for continued algorithm work.noalgorithms, devices, NEGF, quantum dots, cyberinfrastructure, nanoelectronics, tutorial, software development, programming techniques, nanowires, nanoparticles, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, quantum transport, from Purdue, Nanowire NEGF, parallel...Gerhard KlimeckGerhard KlimeckOnline PresentationsSat, 08 Mar 2008 05:28:05 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/03/04141/2008.02.07-klimeck-siam.mp3Introduction to Quantum Dot Labhttps://nanohub.org/resources/4194
The nanoHUB tool "Quantum Dot Lab" allows users to compute the quantum mechanical "particle in a box" problem for a variety of differentconfinement shapes, such as boxes, ellipsoids, disks, and pyramids. Users can explore, interactively, the energy spectrum and orbital shapes of new quantized states, as well as quickly view these artificial atoms have their own particular optical absorption properties. This presentation introduces the particle in the box problem in 1D and 3D, and explores the concept of occupied and empty states, allowed transitions, and optical absorption. Students are encouraged to duplicate all the simulation results shown in the presentation. Exercises and a project or homework assignment are given at the end of the presentation.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/04/04241/2008.03.06-klimeck.mp3The nanoHUB tool "Quantum Dot Lab" allows users to compute the quantum mechanical "particle in a box" problem for a variety of differentconfinement shapes, such as boxes, ellipsoids, disks, and pyramids. Users can explore, interactively, the energy spectrum and orbital shapes of new quantized states, as well as quickly view these artificial atoms have their own particular optical absorption properties. This presentation introduces the particle in the box problem in 1D and 3D, and explores the concept of occupied and empty states, allowed transitions, and optical absorption. Students are encouraged to duplicate all the simulation results shown in the presentation. Exercises and a project or homework assignment are given at the end of the presentation.noquantum dots, nanoelectronics, tutorial, wavefunction, quantum mechanics, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, particle in a boxSunhee Lee, Hoon Ryu, Gerhard KlimeckSunhee Lee, Hoon Ryu, Gerhard KlimeckOnline PresentationsMon, 31 Mar 2008 18:58:29 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/04/04241/2008.03.06-klimeck.mp3Ionic Selectivity in Channels: complex biology created by the balance of simple physicshttps://nanohub.org/resources/4726
An important class of biological molecules—proteins called ionic channels—conduct ions (like Na+ , K+ , Ca2+ , and Cl− ) through a narrow tunnel of fixed charge (‘doping’). Ionic channels control the movement of electric charge and current across biological membranes and so play a role in biology as significant as the role of transistors in computers: a substantial fraction of all drugs used by physicians act on channels. Channels can be studied in the tradition of physical science because the ions near and in channels form an ionic liquid, a plasma in both the biological and physical meaning of the word. Poisson-Drift diffusion equations familiar in physics (called the PNP or Poisson Nernst Planck equations in biophysics) form can be extended to describe ‘chemical’ phenomena like selectivity with some success by including correlations produced by the finite size of the ions. Complex phenomena of selectivity in this reduced model comes from the balance of simple attractive (mostly electrostatic) and repulsive (mostly excluded volume) forces. Preformed structures and chemical bonds like cation-π interactions play no role in these models. Two parameters (volume and dielectric coefficient) set to invariant values are enough to predict the selectivity of DEEA calcium channels in a wide range of solutions. The same model and parameters predict the very different properties of the DEKA sodium channel, including selectivity for Na+ vs. K+ in a wide variety of solutions. The same reduced model accounts for the properties of the RyR channel in some 100 solutions, and predicted several complex experimental results before they were observed. Nonselective bacterial channels have been mutated into selective calcium channels as predicted by the model and selective nanoholes in plastic have been made. In these models, the structure of ‘side chains’ is an output of the model, in marked contrast to the usual view of crystallographic structures. We are unaware of other models — crystallographic or computational — that deal successfully with selectivity phenomena over a range of concentrations, mutations and channel types.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/06/04730/2008.03.27-eisenberg-nt501.mp3An important class of biological molecules—proteins called ionic channels—conduct ions (like Na+ , K+ , Ca2+ , and Cl− ) through a narrow tunnel of fixed charge (‘doping’). Ionic channels control the movement of electric charge and current across biological membranes and so play a role in biology as significant as the role of transistors in computers: a substantial fraction of all drugs used by physicians act on channels. Channels can be studied in the tradition of physical science because the ions near and in channels form an ionic liquid, a plasma in both the biological and physical meaning of the word. Poisson-Drift diffusion equations familiar in physics (called the PNP or Poisson Nernst Planck equations in biophysics) form can be extended to describe ‘chemical’ phenomena like selectivity with some success by including correlations produced by the finite size of the ions. Complex phenomena of selectivity in this reduced model comes from the balance of simple attractive (mostly electrostatic) and repulsive (mostly excluded volume) forces. Preformed structures and chemical bonds like cation-π interactions play no role in these models. Two parameters (volume and dielectric coefficient) set to invariant values are enough to predict the selectivity of DEEA calcium channels in a wide range of solutions. The same model and parameters predict the very different properties of the DEKA sodium channel, including selectivity for Na+ vs. K+ in a wide variety of solutions. The same reduced model accounts for the properties of the RyR channel in some 100 solutions, and predicted several complex experimental results before they were observed. Nonselective bacterial channels have been mutated into selective calcium channels as predicted by the model and selective nanoholes in plastic have been made. In these models, the structure of ‘side chains’ is an output of the model, in marked contrast to the usual view of crystallographic structures. We are unaware of other models — crystallographic or computational — that deal successfully with selectivity phenomena over a range of concentrations, mutations and channel types.nomultiscale models, research seminar, molecular dynamics, biomolecular electronics, proteins, ion channels, thermodynamics, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, computational chemistry, from outside NCNBob EisenbergBob EisenbergOnline PresentationsThu, 05 Jun 2008 23:48:48 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/06/04730/2008.03.27-eisenberg-nt501.mp3Nano Carbon: From ballistic transistors to atomic drumheadshttps://nanohub.org/resources/4398
Carbon takes many forms, from precious diamonds to lowly graphite. Surprisingly, it is the latter that is the most prized by nano physicists. Graphene, a single layer of graphite, can serve as an impenetrable membrane a single atom thick. Rolled up into a nanometer-diameter cylinder--a carbon nanotube --it makes great 1D transistors, quantum dots, and nanoguitar strings. In this talk, I will review some of our group's recent results on these remarkable materials, including ultrafast measurements of ballistic transport in nanotubes, studies of topological spin-orbit effects that arise from a nanotubes' cylindrical geometry, and the properties of a graphene balloon that is one atom thick.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/04/04486/2008.04.17-mceuen-physics.mp3Carbon takes many forms, from precious diamonds to lowly graphite. Surprisingly, it is the latter that is the most prized by nano physicists. Graphene, a single layer of graphite, can serve as an impenetrable membrane a single atom thick. Rolled up into a nanometer-diameter cylinder--a carbon nanotube --it makes great 1D transistors, quantum dots, and nanoguitar strings. In this talk, I will review some of our group's recent results on these remarkable materials, including ultrafast measurements of ballistic transport in nanotubes, studies of topological spin-orbit effects that arise from a nanotubes' cylindrical geometry, and the properties of a graphene balloon that is one atom thick.nocarbon nanotubes, nanotransistors, quantum dots, nanoelectronics, research seminar, ballistic MOSFET, solar cells, nano/bio, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, quantum transport, from outside NCN, Ballistic Nanotransistor, ballistic transport,...Paul L. McEuenPaul L. McEuenOnline PresentationsWed, 14 May 2008 12:26:01 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/04/04486/2008.04.17-mceuen-physics.mp3An Introduction to Quantum Computinghttps://nanohub.org/resources/4778
Quantum mechanics, as formulated more than 80 years ago by Schrodinger, Heisenberg, Dirac and other greats, is a wholly sufficient foundation for its modern interrelated subfields of quantum computation (qc) and quantum information (qi), which generally are lumped together into a single subfield (qc/qi). In short qc/qi, though it has been exciting the attention of a very rapidly increasing number of physicists, involves no genuinely new physics. On the other hand some of the important features and implications of quantum mechanics had been only barely appreciated before the advent of qc/qi researches, about 25 years ago. The first portion of this talk will define the fundamental qc component, namely the qubit, and will describe some possible physical realizations of qubits. The talk then will focus on one alluded-to feature (entanglement) and one implication (the so-called no cloning theorem), which for unfathomable reasons still receive little or no attention in modern quantum mechanics texts. The talk will close with an explanation (as detailed as time permits) of how a qc computation actually is performed. This explanation will involve pertinent brief references, but no more than brief references, to the so-called Shor factoring algorithm, which provides the best known illustration of the potential power of qc; an adequate explication of Shor’s algorithm would require a full colloquium in itself. My entire talk should be quite comprehensible to any graduate student who has taken an introductory course in quantum mechanics, even if only at the undergraduate level.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/06/04782/2008.03.04-gerjuoy.mp3Quantum mechanics, as formulated more than 80 years ago by Schrodinger, Heisenberg, Dirac and other greats, is a wholly sufficient foundation for its modern interrelated subfields of quantum computation (qc) and quantum information (qi), which generally are lumped together into a single subfield (qc/qi). In short qc/qi, though it has been exciting the attention of a very rapidly increasing number of physicists, involves no genuinely new physics. On the other hand some of the important features and implications of quantum mechanics had been only barely appreciated before the advent of qc/qi researches, about 25 years ago. The first portion of this talk will define the fundamental qc component, namely the qubit, and will describe some possible physical realizations of qubits. The talk then will focus on one alluded-to feature (entanglement) and one implication (the so-called no cloning theorem), which for unfathomable reasons still receive little or no attention in modern quantum mechanics texts. The talk will close with an explanation (as detailed as time permits) of how a qc computation actually is performed. This explanation will involve pertinent brief references, but no more than brief references, to the so-called Shor factoring algorithm, which provides the best known illustration of the potential power of qc; an adequate explication of Shor’s algorithm would require a full colloquium in itself. My entire talk should be quite comprehensible to any graduate student who has taken an introductory course in quantum mechanics, even if only at the undergraduate level.noalgorithms, tutorial, quantum computing, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from outside NCN, entanglementEdward GerjuoyEdward GerjuoyOnline PresentationsSat, 13 Sep 2008 02:06:26 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/06/04782/2008.03.04-gerjuoy.mp3C.V. Raman and the Impact of Raman Effect in Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter, and Materials Sciencehttps://nanohub.org/resources/5453
Raman’s momentous discovery in 1928 that the spectral analysis of the light scattered by matter, illuminated with monochromatic light of frequency ωL, reveals new signatures at (ωL ± ωi) , ωi’s being the internal frequencies of the matter [Nature121, 501 (1928); Indian Journal of Physics 2, 387 (1928)]. In a cable to Nature [122, 349 (1928)], R.W. Wood, the renowned American Physicist, hailed it as a “very beautiful discovery, which resulted from Ramans’s long and patient study of the phenomenon of light scattering” and underscored its significance as “one of the most convincing proofs of the quantum theory of light we have at present time”. After a brief account of Raman’s extraordinary scientific career, I will recount the profound impact made by Raman effect, which launched a new branch of spectroscopy, with illustrative examples from the pre-laser (1928-1960) and from the post-laser (1960-) periods.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/09/05457/2008.09.04-ramdas-phys.mp3Raman’s momentous discovery in 1928 that the spectral analysis of the light scattered by matter, illuminated with monochromatic light of frequency ωL, reveals new signatures at (ωL ± ωi) , ωi’s being the internal frequencies of the matter [Nature121, 501 (1928); Indian Journal of Physics 2, 387 (1928)]. In a cable to Nature [122, 349 (1928)], R.W. Wood, the renowned American Physicist, hailed it as a “very beautiful discovery, which resulted from Ramans’s long and patient study of the phenomenon of light scattering” and underscored its significance as “one of the most convincing proofs of the quantum theory of light we have at present time”. After a brief account of Raman’s extraordinary scientific career, I will recount the profound impact made by Raman effect, which launched a new branch of spectroscopy, with illustrative examples from the pre-laser (1928-1960) and from the post-laser (1960-) periods.notutorial, history, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, condensed matter, Raman Effect, materials scienceAnant K. RamdasAnant K. RamdasOnline PresentationsThu, 18 Sep 2008 23:32:39 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/09/05457/2008.09.04-ramdas-phys.mp3Quantum and Thermal Effects in Nanoscale Deviceshttps://nanohub.org/resources/5448
To investigate lattice heating within a Monte Carlo device simulation framework, we simultaneously solve the Boltzmann transport equation for the electrons, the 2D Poisson equation to get the self-consistent fields and the hydrodynamic equations for acoustic and optical phonons. The phonon temperature then determines the choice of the scattering table. The bottom of the buried oxide layer (BOX) is assumed to be isothermal boundary and the temperature at that boundary is set to 300K. Another isothermal contact is the gate and the gate temperature is varied between 300-600 K. It is important to note that it takes only 4-5 Gummel cycles to get convergence in the current up to the third digit. More details of the simulation procedure can be found in Ref. [2 ]. We find that in dual gate devices there exists larger bottleneck between acoustic and optical phonons which causes about 4% more degradation in the current in this device structure when compared to the single gate structure. This is easily explainable with the fact that there are more carriers in the DG structure and the optical to acoustic phonon decay is not fast enough so that heating has more influence on the carrier drift velocity and, therefore, on-state current in dual-gate devices. In fact, we do observe degradation in the average carrier velocity in the dual-gate devices when compared to single FD SOI device structure. Note that the dual-gate structure is a structure of choice according to these investigations because even though there is 4% more current degradation, the magnitude of the on-current is 1.5-1.8 times larger. Thus, we can trade off slight increase in current degradation due to lattice heating for more current drive.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/09/05452/2008.08.14-vasileska-nt501.mp3To investigate lattice heating within a Monte Carlo device simulation framework, we simultaneously solve the Boltzmann transport equation for the electrons, the 2D Poisson equation to get the self-consistent fields and the hydrodynamic equations for acoustic and optical phonons. The phonon temperature then determines the choice of the scattering table. The bottom of the buried oxide layer (BOX) is assumed to be isothermal boundary and the temperature at that boundary is set to 300K. Another isothermal contact is the gate and the gate temperature is varied between 300-600 K. It is important to note that it takes only 4-5 Gummel cycles to get convergence in the current up to the third digit. More details of the simulation procedure can be found in Ref. [2 ]. We find that in dual gate devices there exists larger bottleneck between acoustic and optical phonons which causes about 4% more degradation in the current in this device structure when compared to the single gate structure. This is easily explainable with the fact that there are more carriers in the DG structure and the optical to acoustic phonon decay is not fast enough so that heating has more influence on the carrier drift velocity and, therefore, on-state current in dual-gate devices. In fact, we do observe degradation in the average carrier velocity in the dual-gate devices when compared to single FD SOI device structure. Note that the dual-gate structure is a structure of choice according to these investigations because even though there is 4% more current degradation, the magnitude of the on-current is 1.5-1.8 times larger. Thus, we can trade off slight increase in current degradation due to lattice heating for more current drive.noalgorithms, NEGF, thermal transport, nanoelectronics, research seminar, TCAD, Monte Carlo, MOS, transport/Boltzmann, transport/quantum, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, quantum transport, from outside NCN, FinFET, SOI devicesDragica VasileskaDragica VasileskaOnline PresentationsThu, 18 Sep 2008 22:32:24 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/09/05452/2008.08.14-vasileska-nt501.mp3From density functional theory to defect level in silicon: Does the “band gap problem” matter?https://nanohub.org/resources/5495
Modeling the electrical effects of radiation damage in semiconductor devices requires a detailed description of the properties of point defects generated during and subsequent to irradiation. Such modeling requires physical parameters, such as defect electronic levels, to describe carrier recombination. Density functional theory (DFT) is the method of choice for first-principles simulations of defects. However, DFT typically hugely underestimates the fundamental band gap in semiconductors, and the band gap is the energy scale of interest for defect levels. Moreover, boundary conditions in the supercell approximation used in DFT calculations of defects also can inject large errors and uncertainties. I describe a new, more rigorous methodology for supercell calculations, implemented in the SeqQuest DFT code, that incorporates a proper treatment of electrostatic boundary conditions, locates a fixed chemical potential for the net defect electron charge, includes the bulk dielectric response, and creates a robust computational model of isolated defects. Using this methodology, the computed DFT defect level spectrum for a wide variety of Si defects spans the experimental Si gap, i.e., exhibits no band gap problem, and the DFT results agree remarkably well with experiment for those values that are experimentally known. The new scheme adds rigor to computing defect properties, and has important implications for density functional theory development.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/09/05499/2008.08.21-schultz-nt501.mp3Modeling the electrical effects of radiation damage in semiconductor devices requires a detailed description of the properties of point defects generated during and subsequent to irradiation. Such modeling requires physical parameters, such as defect electronic levels, to describe carrier recombination. Density functional theory (DFT) is the method of choice for first-principles simulations of defects. However, DFT typically hugely underestimates the fundamental band gap in semiconductors, and the band gap is the energy scale of interest for defect levels. Moreover, boundary conditions in the supercell approximation used in DFT calculations of defects also can inject large errors and uncertainties. I describe a new, more rigorous methodology for supercell calculations, implemented in the SeqQuest DFT code, that incorporates a proper treatment of electrostatic boundary conditions, locates a fixed chemical potential for the net defect electron charge, includes the bulk dielectric response, and creates a robust computational model of isolated defects. Using this methodology, the computed DFT defect level spectrum for a wide variety of Si defects spans the experimental Si gap, i.e., exhibits no band gap problem, and the DFT results agree remarkably well with experiment for those values that are experimentally known. The new scheme adds rigor to computing defect properties, and has important implications for density functional theory development.nodevices, nanoelectronics, research seminar, reliability, hosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from outside NCN, radiation effects, device simulations, radiation damage, density functional theoryPeter A. SchultzPeter A. SchultzOnline PresentationsThu, 02 Oct 2008 00:05:56 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2008/09/05499/2008.08.21-schultz-nt501.mp3Your Career Choices after Graduate School and The Most-Neglected Item in your Career Developmenthttps://nanohub.org/resources/7615
What are your career choices after graduate school? Will you develop technology yourself? Will you work in a team? Will you guide people? Where will you work: in industry, research lab, or academia? Regardless where you work, there is generally one item that you are not being taught in graduate school: your communication skills. Come and hear my personal perspective on working in Industry (Texas Instruments) for 4 years, in a U.S. government research laboratory (NASA JPL) for 6 years and in an academic institution (Purdue University) for over 5 years.https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2009/10/07619/2015.01.15-Klimeck-ECE694A.mp3What are your career choices after graduate school? Will you develop technology yourself? Will you work in a team? Will you guide people? Where will you work: in industry, research lab, or academia? Regardless where you work, there is generally one item that you are not being taught in graduate school: your communication skills. Come and hear my personal perspective on working in Industry (Texas Instruments) for 4 years, in a U.S. government research laboratory (NASA JPL) for 6 years and in an academic institution (Purdue University) for over 5 years.nohosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, professional developmentGerhard KlimeckGerhard KlimeckOnline PresentationsSat, 24 Oct 2009 02:02:24 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2009/10/07619/2015.01.15-Klimeck-ECE694A.mp3Writing Modern Technical Englishhttps://nanohub.org/resources/7878
Mr. Keating will discuss the correct approach and methods to use when writing technical papers in English. He will emphasize style and usage, covering several difficult issues that ESL (English as a Second Language) writers often encounter. Among them will be inconsistencies, simplicity, clarity, ambiguity, idioms, overstatement, and rhythm. Examples of weak English taken from actual proposals, books, journals, and presentations will be presented along with methods that will solve these ...https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2009/11/07882/2009.10.29-Keating-NT501.mp3Mr. Keating will discuss the correct approach and methods to use when writing technical papers in English. He will emphasize style and usage, covering several difficult issues that ESL (English as a Second Language) writers often encounter. Among them will be inconsistencies, simplicity, clarity, ambiguity, idioms, overstatement, and rhythm. Examples of weak English taken from actual proposals, books, journals, and presentations will be presented along with methods that will solve these ...nohosted/taped by NCN@Purdue, from Purdue, from outside NCN, technical writing, english as second language, professional developmentJames T. KeatingJames T. KeatingOnline PresentationsWed, 25 Nov 2009 00:42:41 +0000https://nanohub.org/site/resources/2009/11/07882/2009.10.29-Keating-NT501.mp3