Methylene Blue as a Cerebral Metabolic and Hemodynamic Enhancer

Affiliations:
Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America,
Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

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Ethan Poteet,

Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease and Aging Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, United States of America

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Fang Du,

Affiliation:
Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

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Roy C. Gourav,

Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease and Aging Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, United States of America

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Ran Liu,

Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease and Aging Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, United States of America

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Yi Wen,

Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease and Aging Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, United States of America

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Andrew Bresnen,

Affiliation:
Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

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Shiliang Huang,

Affiliation:
Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

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Peter T. Fox,

Affiliation:
Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease and Aging Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, United States of America

Affiliations:
Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America,
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

About the Authors

Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Ai-Ling Lin

Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Ethan Poteet,
Roy C. Gourav,
Ran Liu,
Yi Wen,
Shao-Hua Yang

Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease and Aging Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, United States of America

Timothy Q. Duong

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Corresponding Authors

Competing Interests

The University of North Texas Health Science Center has filed a PCT patent application entitled “Compounds that enable alternative mitochondrial electron transfer”. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: ALL TD SHY RL YW. Performed the experiments: ALL FD SH EP RG. Analyzed the data: ALL AB SHY RL YW EP RG. Wrote the paper: ALL TD PF SHY EP. Interpreted the data: ALL TD PF SHY RL YW.