Rules protecting utility customers do not apply to thousands of apartment residents in Ohio, and that's a problem that should be fixed, according to a wide range of elected officials and regulators.

Dan Gearino, The Columbus Dispatch

Rules protecting utility customers do not apply to thousands of apartment residents in Ohio, and that's a problem that should be fixed, according to a wide range of elected officials and regulators.

Over the past two days, a Dispatch investigation showed how some "submeter" companies use a lack of regulation to make a profit on the resale of electricity to apartment and condominium residents. The companies charge premiums that are 5 to 40 percent higher than regulated prices, often with little disclosure.

Submetering markups are legal in this state - although not in many others - but most state officials contacted were not aware of it.

They said the General Assembly should investigate.

"I didn't know this problem existed," said Sen. Bill Seitz, R-Cincinnati, chairman of the Ohio Senate Public Utilities Committee. "This bears some degree of looking into and some degree of regulation."

>> More stories in our 'Shocking Cost' investigation

Ohio Attorney General Mike DeWine, who also learned of this issue from the newspaper report, said he would welcome action by the legislature to investigate and potentially regulate these practices.

"Really, the regulations that are in place for most consumers are not in place for a certain minority of consumers that fall into this category, and that's really no fault of their own. It's just by chance of where they live," he said.

He thinks the use of evictions by submeter companies also should be part of the discussion. One of the companies, American Power & Light, goes to court to evict some tenants who fall behind on their utility bills, a practice that consumer advocates say is unconscionable.

Rep. Mike Foley, D-Cleveland, was the only legislator interviewed who was familiar with submetering in Ohio. He is former executive director of a tenants-rights group in his city and has sponsored several bills that deal with water submetering.

"It's something that isn't too hard to fix," he said.

What might be difficult, he said, is raising awareness and concern about rental-housing issues among his colleagues. Such issues don't come up often at the Statehouse.

"It's not something that people have a high knowledge base on," he said.

That isn't the case elsewhere.

In 29 states, officials have addressed submetering, making illegal at least some aspects of the practices employed by submetering companies doing business in Ohio.

For example, George Jepsen, the Connecticut attorney general, helped to arrange refunds for tenants in his state. "Submetering of electricity is restricted by state law because it does not afford consumers the same protections the law provides for utility customers," he said in a statement in June.

Ohio lawmakers seeking a model to emulate could look to Texas, a state whose electricity market is structured much like Ohio's. Texas is different because the state offers additional protections for apartment residents.

In Texas, a submeter company must pass through its cost of electricity to tenants. So, if the company uses its bulk buying power to get a big discount, the customers must receive all of the benefit. To verify that this is happening, the landlord must disclose the wholesale electricity cost to tenants. Submeter companies there make their money from service fees, which the law caps at 10 percent of the electricity bill.

Unlike Ohio, in which no agency regulates submeter companies, the Texas utility commission will investigate complaints. Since 2002, the agency in Texas had received 583 complaints about submetering, according to records provided in response to a request from The Dispatch.

That works out to about 50 per year, not a huge number to investigate, said Carol Biedrzycki, executive director of Texas Ratepayers Organization to Save Energy, an advocacy group.

"On this narrow issue, I would say this is a good rule and it's been well-enforced," she said.

Concern about workload was one of the reasons that Ohio regulators at one point decided not to get involved in regulating submeter companies.

In 1992, the PUCO ruled that it would not intervene in a dispute between a landlord and tenant over water submetering in a mobile-home park. That 4-1 ruling has served as a precedent when similar issues have come up.

The dissenting vote was from Ashley Brown, who now works for an energy research group at Harvard's Kennedy School of Government. He is not surprised to learn that some companies have built businesses on the idea of unregulated utility markups.

Neither the PUCO nor the General Assembly has revisited the issue in a substantial way since then. This is despite major changes in the state's electricity market that stem from the 1999 decision to let consumers choose their electricity provider.

The 1999 law is what allows landlords and submeter companies to shop for the best deal, and it has no requirement that residents receive any of the savings. So a system designed to provide options and savings has instead led to monopolies and high prices for a subset of consumers.

This outcome was not the intention of the lawmakers who wrote the 1999 law, said Priscilla Mead, an Upper Arlington Republican and former legislator who co-sponsored the measure.

"There's a void in the law. That's all there is to it," she said.

She thinks the remedy is clear.

"It's up to the legislature to step in and do something about it," she said.

If lawmakers want to look at the issue, the Office of the Ohio Consumers' Counsel wants to be part of the discussion, said spokesman Marty Berkowitz. His agency is the state's consumer advocate on utility issues.

"(W)e are troubled by what we've read in the Dispatch articles," he said. "We are assessing options for protecting these customers who lack the usual state oversight for their utility services."

The Ohio Poverty Law Center, an advocate for low-income consumers, also would like to be at the table.

"There should be some reasonable regulations about what kind of charges are reasonable as far as administrative costs and commodity costs," said Joe Maskovyak, an attorney for the group.

For now, though, the best way to change the system is for renters to contact their legislators and ask for new rules, said Foley, the Cleveland lawmaker.

"Part of this is organizing within your own building," he said.

dgearino@dispatch.com

@dispatchenergy

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