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Laxatives

Topic Overview

What is a laxative?

A laxative is a substance that
helps you have a bowel movement. Laxatives are used to relieve and prevent
constipation, which occurs when it is difficult to have a bowel
movement.

What types of laxatives are there?

There are four
types of products for preventing or treating constipation:

Bulking agents. Food such as bran or
products such as Citrucel, Metamucil, Fibercon, or Perdiem ease constipation by
absorbing more fluid in the intestines. This makes the stool bigger, which
gives you the urge to pass the stool. Regular use of bulking agents is safe and
often lets you have more stools.

Stool softeners.
Products such as Colace lubricate and soften the stool in the intestine, making
it easier to pass. Stool softeners do not often cause problems but they don't work
as well if you don't drink enough water during the day.

Osmotic laxatives. Products
such as Fleet Phospho-Soda, Milk of Magnesia, or Miralax and nonabsorbable sugars such as
lactulose or sorbitol hold fluids in the intestine and draw fluids into the
intestine from other tissue and blood vessels. This extra fluid in the
intestines makes the stool softer and easier to pass. Drink plenty of water
when you use this type of laxative.

Stimulant laxatives. Products such as Correctol, Dulcolax, Ex-Lax, Feen-a-Mint, or
Senokot speed up how fast a stool moves through the intestines by irritating
the lining of the intestines. Regular use of stimulant laxatives is not
recommended. Stimulant laxatives change the tone and feeling in the large
intestine and you can become dependent on using laxatives all the time to have
a bowel movement.

Are there precautions for taking laxatives?

Take any laxative or bulking agent with
plenty of water or other liquids.

Do not take stimulant laxatives
regularly. Stimulant laxatives change the tone and feeling in the large
intestine and you can become dependent on using laxatives all the time to have
a bowel movement. If you need help having regular bowel movements, use a
bulking agent, such as bran or psyllium (for example,
Metamucil).

Regular use of stimulant laxatives—such as Correctol,
Dulcolax, Ex-Lax, Feen-a-Mint,
or Senokot—may change
your body's ability to absorb of vitamin D and calcium. This can cause
weakening of your bones (osteopenia).

Are there other ways to treat constipation?

There
are many other ways to treat constipation, such as drinking more water or
adding more fiber, fruits, and vegetables to your diet. These are often
recommended in addition to taking laxatives.

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