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University Catholic of the saving Course of graduation in History Disciplines ' ' History of Africa I' ' Teacher Ialmar Leocadia Vianna Pupils/Authors: Jorge Miranda, Juliana Gomes Almeida, Peter Count to Africa and the Africans in the formation of Atlantic world (1400? 1800) Biography: John Thorntton was born in 1949 in Boston is professor of history of the Boston University, having lecionado in the Millersville University, in the University of Virginia, the Allegheny College and the Universidde of the Zmbia. It acted as custodian of samples on Africa for museums and foundations, between them the Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Is consulting of African history of the Encyclopaedia Britannica since 2000. Fluente in Frenchman, Portuguese, Italian, German, dutch, Kisuahili and hausa, already published diverse books, between them ' ' Africa and the African in the formation of the Atlantic world 1400 – 1800 Summary of THORNTON, John. ' ' Africa and the Africans in the formation of the world Atlantic (1400 – 1800) ' '. Rio De Janeiro: Elsevier publishing company, 2004, P.

51 – 430. The present text has as objective, the analysis of the book ' ' Africa and the Africans in the formation of the Atlantic world, 1400 – 1800' ' , of John Thornton. Soon in the introduction, the author discourses on its workmanship and its field of research, emphasizing that its book is an attempt of rescue of the history of the immigration of the Africans for Americas. She is well-known, therefore, the critical one that Thornton makes some africanist historians, as Braudel, that with its concentration in the European efforts, almost does not mention the paper of other Atlantic societies. Making a comment on the commerce of slaves, in what he says respect to the purchase and Sales of them, the author argues that they were used the much time in the African societies before belonging to the Europeans and Americans, but throughout the text in them we will deepen more in this argument.

It fits to pontuar that verbal history in Brazil as well as in the remain of Latin America, mainly in the countries that ditatoriais governments had lived, had its incorporation associated with the redemocratizao process, what it differentiates the paper of the Latin American verbal history of the European or North American. Another difference enters, Brazilian verbal history and ' ' first verbal history mundista' ' , it was the fact not to be able to use the same used analytical criteria for the foreign authors to study, for example, the kept out of society and excluded slavery, miscegenation, groups (MEIHY, 2000, p17). The predominant version on the origin of the counted city in the streets of the city says that, the catequizado indian Vitorino came in middle of century XVII to inhabit to the edges of the river Ribeira that finished giving to beginning to the Good town Jesus of the Green Sugar cane of Ribeira. The wars, the expeditions for capture of slaves and, mainly, the epidemics and the hunger had brutally decimated the aboriginal populations. It has occupation vestiges more than human being of 5,000 years, but the official registers recognize the beginning of the occupation of the city in 1721, tell to Monsignor Luiz Chestnut of Almeida: ' ' these monges benedictines in 1693, had gotten the first one would sesmaria beyond the river Sarapu, in the way of Curitiba, opened the leg of cattle, tipped for immense sesmarias that went being granted, until in 1721, the Listener Rafael Pardinho Saucers determined that the river Itarar for limit of the two villages Sorocaba and Curitiba (…) in the side occidental person of the Paranapiacaba, the gold mines of Apiahy, town for some whites, that in 1728 had received sesmarias and many managed by indians, caboclos and slaves africanos' '. We leave of the general hypothesis of that the city despite small devoid e, was palco of important moments of the Brazilian Republic.

The ambiguities of the symbolic world, gifts in Resistance, are exemplificadas in the code used for the prisoners (twenty and two) when some guard are arriving, that they are explained for a novice, but that, according to Agns, it does not correspond to true the meaning. The symbology of the war also shows ambiguous. Agns affirms that for great part of the Americans ' ' … the war is an abstract activity and terica.' ' , therefore the same ones had not passed for the repression the civilians and nor had suffered with attacks its homes and its nation. The daily one of Agns is repleto of exemplificaes of ' ' unifying principle of all research micron-histrica' ' . First, only for being a story of a woman in the time of the Resistance, the story of Agns already represents a perspective that was not previously observed. According to Blanc: … Notre Guerre* launches a first-class light on the paper and the place of the women in this first Resistance and, more widely, in the clandestine combat.

Not that they costumem to be absent or to be invisible. In the certifications of members of the movement, as well as in the workmanships of historians or journalists, homage to the feminine enrollment in the Resistance surrenders equally. Obligator point of ticket, praises its devotion, its work in the shades without which nothing it would have been possible, its sacrifice and, frequently, its martyrdom. However, a raised time such evidences of custom, the curtain if closes, and the women costumam to be relegated to a secondary plan. Blanc still affirms that daily of Agns the resistance of intellectuals makes an unknown revelation when portraying, undoing, thus, the images of the intellectual as ' ' … voluntary inmate in its ivory tower, leaned over on its papers the time and all incapable to conceive another thing that not an intellectual rejection, ' ' Ademais, Agns informs in them on the initial methods of German psychological pressure that consisted around of some officers circulating of the prisoner and crying out all at the same time, beyond placing in high volume some music.

Glory of the squad 'Georges' thundered around Verdun forest: not giving respite to the enemy guerrillas struck blow after blow. They were released from the camp near the village of Buk large group of Senegalese – the former French soldiers whom the Nazis were preparing to take out to do hard labor in Germany, and formed an international guerrilla unit. The French military command awarded gp Ponomareva 'Croix de Guerre with bronze star 'in order to award said:' Selfless to fanaticism, was distinguished by extraordinary courage, Ponomarev caused huge losses to the enemy, capturing many prisoners, and thereby contributed to the liberation of French territory. " And in acknowledgment of, the leaders issued a 21-second inter-district military committee, said that "for their courage in the leadership of a detachment of 'Stalingrad', frantirer Lieutenant George Ponomarev has every right to appreciation of the French nation. " Around 7,000 Russian who fought in the resistance were killed before they reach the victory. Among the 'makizarov' were both prisoners of war who had escaped from Nazi concentration camps, so and representatives of the Russian emigration, during the Second World War in arms stood up against Hitler's fascism.

Two Russian nobility – Boris Vilde and Anatoly Levitsky, employees of the anthropological museum in Paris – first used the word 'Resistance' in his underground leaflet. Princess Vera Obolensky, tortured by the Gestapo in Berlin, was posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War. And there are many examples. mj Gaft and other Russian emigre, ii Trojan served as connected.

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They organized a field kitchen in the photo you can see men of different races and ages, sitting with a ladle in his hand. Their faces express deprivation, these are the feelings they experienced at the time. The strike, known as La Huelga de la Pesa started in the cigar factory ‘Ybor-Manrara’. The owners of the factory demanded workers from using weights in order to weigh the tobacco filler issued to them in the working day. Upscale workers were outraged and looked at the scales, as an insult to their skills and violation of their rights. From April in August 1899 strike caused many hardships for the strikers, and for owners of the factory. By July, more than 4,000 workers left their homes.

Thousands left Tampa to work in New York, Key West and Cuba. For remaining soup kitchens were a way to feed themselves and feed their families. Money is not enough. Some of the workers went to the beach Palmetto Beach, to catch crabs and fish for the evening meal. People did everything to survive. After 98 days Strike factory owner reluctantly agreed to abolish the use of weights, which meant the complete victory of the workers. Scales were vydvareny from factories and employed there set to work. The following years were more strikes, but This was a major, one in which workers won cigar factories Ibor Sanfeliz went to work in two local newspapers Hispanics: the Prensa, founded in Ybor City, Francisco de la valine and La Traduccion (Transfer”).

As for the Cuban patriot, earning money to support the revolutionary forces in the homeland had to prioretetom Sanfeliza. He was a member of two revolutionary clubs: Club “February 24″ and Los Vegadores de Maceo (Avengers Mac”). He later became one of the founders of the club Nacional Cubano (Cuban National Club”), now known simply as “The Cuban Club.” Jose Ramon Sanfeliz died on 7th December 1957 and was buried with his wife, Carlota in Tampa, at Memorial Park Metropolitan Hill. Biography of Jose Ramon Sanfeliza is one of the interesting stories cigar world. Experience the atmosphere of tobacco smoke a cigar and read a lot of interesting things, you can read on this site. Cigars whiskey coffee tea.

The first director of the company was appointed Liashenko Nikolay Vladimirovich. And now we are proud to recall the names of employees at the time: Pine Maxim Arkhipovich, Shlyakhtin Nikolay Andreyevich, Filimonova Radionovna Mary, Thecla Aleshkina Matveyevna, Ivan Maksimovic and Kowalski many, many others. Already in 1940, after making changes to the draft power mill was 280 tons per day, and groats – 170 tons per day. Built and dreamed of the future … And June 22, 1941 began a new phase in the life time of the whole country and Young still milling company. The evacuation of parts of enterprises Voroshilovgrad region, but the mill manufactory worked. December 10, 1941 held a plenum of the Party regional committee in which it was decided about the smooth operation mill combines up to the occupation of the Nazis. The bread was needed to the front.

Combine work despite the difficulties s supply of grain and spare parts. There was no qualified workers, all went to the front. When the Nazis entered the city. Employees have undermined communication burned archive. Going to undermine the elevator.

– It was really scary, it seemed that death has won. How can you blow up the elevator, if there is the holy of holies – grain? And no one dared to do it – they all had faith in our victory – so it's about telling a participant in those events Beshlebnova Praskovya Pavlovna. And then came the long-awaited day of February 14, 1942, the day of release. Huge reinforced concrete structure standing on the elevator mill combines the outskirts of the city and towered above the surrounding terrain, with its view large part of the city, and yet it was an important strategic site, on the elevator preserved grains.