I, Kevin Helson, being ?rst duly sworn, hereby depose and state that I am a Special Agent

with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and charge as follows:THE FBI INVESTIGATION

I. The bases of my knowledge for the facts alleged herein are as follows. I have been aSpecial Agent with the FBI for 15 years. Currently, I am assigned to the CounterintelligenceDivision within the Washington Field Of?ce of the FBI. The focus of my counter intelligenceefforts has been the investigation of the foreign intelligence activities of the Russian Federation. 1have learned the facts contained in this af?davit from, among other sources, my personalparticipation in this investigation, my discussions with other law enforcement agents, searches thathave been conducted, surveillance that has been conducted, and reviews of documents, electronicitems, and other evidentiary materials.

2. In the course of this investigation, the FBI has employed a variety of lawfulinvestigative methods, including the acquisition of Rule 41 search warrants of two premises, whichincluded authorization to search electronic devices. One of those searches included a laptopcomputer belonging to MARIIA BUTINA, afkf a ?Maria Butina? ?(hereinafterLaptop?) and an iPhone belonging to BUTINA (hereinafterBBUTINA?s iPhone?).Because this af?davit is being submitted for the limited purpose of establishing probable cause, it

does not include every fact that I have learned during the course of this investigation. Further, any

statements related herein are related in substance and in part only. Finally, certain items relatedherein were translated by FBI linguists from Russian to English.BACKGROUNDTitle 18, U.S. Code, sections 371 (Conspiracy) and 951 {Agents of Foreign Governments)

3. Title 18 of the United States Code, section 371 (Conspiracy to Commit Offense or toDefraud United States), makes it a criminal offense for any person(s) to conspire together with oneor more others either to commit an offense against the United States or to defraud the United States,or any agency thereof, in any manner or for any purpose.

4. Title 18 of the United States Code, section 951 (Agents of Foreign Governments),makes it a criminal offense for any person, other than a diplomatic or consular official or attache,to act in the United States as an agent of a foreign government without prior noti?cation to theAttorney General, as required by law. For purposes of this law, the term ?agent of a foreigngovernment? includes an individual who agrees to operate within the United States subject to thedirection or control of a foreign government or of?cial.

Relevant Persons and De?nitions

5. Defendant BUTINA is a Russian citizen who entered the United States in August 2016on an F-l Student Visa. Before and after her arrival in the United States, BUTINA served asSpecial Assistant to the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL. Conspiring together, BUTINA and the RUSSIANOFF took various overt acts in furtherance of the conspiracy and to effect the illegal purposethereof.

6. The RUSSIAN OFFICIAL is a Russian citizen and a high?level o?icial in the Russiangovernment. The RUSSIAN OFFICIAL was previously a member of the legislature of the RussianFederation and later became a top of?cial at the Russian Central Bank. The RUSSIAN OFFICIAL

directed activities in furtherance of the conspiracy.

7. US. Person 1 is a United States citizen and an American political operative. BUTINAestablished contact with Person 1 in Moscow in or around 2013. U.S. Person I worked withBUT to jointly arrange introductions to US. persons having in?uence in American politics,including an organization promoting gun rights (hereinafter RIGHTS for the purpose of advancing the agenda of the Russian Federation.

3. US. Person 2 is a United States citizen who was included among the participants ina series of email communications in 2016 and 2017 that reveal efforts to arrange aseries of dinners in the District of Columbia and New York City involving Russian nationals andUS. persons having in?uence in American politics (hereinafter ?friendship and dialoguedinners?). BU TINA told .8. Person 2 that the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL was ?very much impressedby you? and that ?the Russians will support the efforts from our side.?

9. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (MFA) is the Russian 1government agency with primary responsibility for the Russian Federation? foreign relations andforeign policy.

Actions of the Russian Federation

10. The Russian Federation, or Russia, is one of the leading state intelligence threats toU.S. interests, based on its capabilities, intent, and broad operational scope. Penetrating the US.national decision-making apparatus and the Intelligence Community are primary objectives fornumerous foreign intelligence entities, including Russia. The objective of the Russian Federationleadership is to expand its sphere of influence and strength, and it targets the United States andUS. allies to further that goal.

1 1. Russian in?uence operations are a threat to U.S. interests as they are low-cost,relatively low-risk, and deniable ways to shape foreign perceptions and to in?uence populations.

democratization efforts, weaken US. partnerships with European allies, undermine Westernsanctions, encourage anti-US. political views, and counter efforts to bring Ukraine and otherformer Soviet states into European institutions.

12. In 2018, pursuant to Executive Order 13661, the US. Department of the Treasury?sOf?ce of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC), in consultation with the US. Department of State, listedseven Russian oligarchs and 12 companies they own or control, senior Russian governmentofficials, including the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL, and a state?owned Russian weapons tradingcompany and its subsidiary, a Russian bank, as specially designated nationals. OFAC sanctionedthe RUSSIAN OFFICIAL for being an Of?cial of the Government of the Russian Federation. Insanctioning these entities, U.S. Treasury Secretary Steven T. Mnuchin announced:

The Russian government engages in a range of malign activity around the

globe, including continuing to occupy Crimea and instigate violence in

eastern Ukraine, supplying the Assad regime with material and weaponry

who pro?t from this corrupt system will no longer be insulated from the

consequences of their government?s destabilizing activities.

THE ACTIVITIES ON BEHALF OF RUSSIA

13. As detailed below, the investigation has revealed that BUT INA, the defendant,was working in the United States at the direction of the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL.

14. The investigation has further revealed that BUTINA and the RUSSIAN .OFFICIAL took steps to develop relationships with American politicians in order to establishprivate, or as she called them, ?back channel? lines of communication. These lines could be usedby the Russian Federation to penetrate the US. national decision-making apparatus to advance the

agenda of the Russian Federation.

15. The investigation has also revealed that BUTINA and the RUSSIAN

OFFICIAL planned to advance Moscow?s long-term strategic objectives in the United States, inpart, by establishing relationships with American political organizations, including the GUNRIGHTS ORGANIZATION. Based on my training, experience and familiarity with thisinvestigation, I believe that BUTTNA and the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL took these steps in order toinfiltrate those groups and advance the interests of the Russian Federation.

16. The Russian in?uence operation included, among other things, taskings from theRUSSIAN OFFICIAL to (ii) meetings between BUTINA and US. politicians andpolitical candidates; attendance at events sponsored by special interest groups,also attended by politicians and political candidates; and (iv) reporting back toMoscow through the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL the results of the various encounters with the US.politicians and political candidates.

Laying the Groundwork in Russia

During the course of her work as a covert Russian agent, BUTINA regularly met andcommunicated with the RUSSIAN OFF ICIAL and .3. Person I to plan and develop the contoursof the in?uence operation.

18. On or about March 24, 2015, BUTINA emailed U.S. Person 1 with the subject lineof ?The Second Former?? The body of this email also contained a project proposal. BUTINAnoted to US Person I in the email that she was sending the ?Google Translator text. Maybe Icould translate it myself but it would take at least a day because the text is very speci?c.? Shewent on to note that she ?will be happy to answer to any your questions [sic] and follow yourrecommendations before a [sic] ?nally send it.? The ?rst line of the proposal reads, ?Project

Description ?Diplomacy.?? It goes on to state that a major US political party [hereinafter

I believe that this statement likely refers to Vladimir Pozner, a propagandist who served inthe disinformation department of the Soviet KGB and who often appeared on Western televisionto explain the views of the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

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PARTY would likely obtain control over the US. government after the 2016elections; that POLITICAL PARTY is ?traditionally associated with negative and aggressiveforeign policy, particularly with regards to Russia. However, now with the right to negotiate seemsbest to build konstruktivnyh [sic] relations;? and that ?[c]entral place and in?uence in thePARTY 1] plays the RIGHTS The RIGHTS[is] the largest sponsor of the elections to the US congress, as well as a sponsorof The CPAC conference and other events.?

19. The March 24, 2015 email further highlighted relationship with the GUNRIGHTS ORGANIZATIONS leadership, including her attendance at events in the United Statesand and the RUSSIAN connections to of?cials of the GUN RIGHTSORGANIZATION. BUTINA described recent visits to the United States, including references toinstances when she was introduced to POLITICAL PARTY 1 leaders as a ?representative ofinformal diplomacy? of the Russian Federation. project proposal concluded by noting,?[t]he resulting status needs to be strengthened is in the current time interval, before thepresidential election in 2016,? and requesting a budget of $125,000 for EU TINA to participate in?all upcoming major conferences? of POLITICAL PARTY 1.

20. In late March 2015, US. Person I replied to BUTINA via email with the subject?Potential American Contacts?:

Dear Maria,

Your challenge in your ?special project? will be to balance two opposingimperatives: Your desire to communicate that you speak for Russianinterests that will be ascendant (still around) in a post?Putin world whilesimultaneously doing nothing to criticize the President or speed the arrivalof his successor.

This restriction is easily understood in private meetings with political andbusiness leaders. It will SEVERELY limit your interactions with media.

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Most of the potential ?guest appearances? listed under media will only bepossible if you?re willing to be more candid (honest) than is politically

. prudent for you. But ALL of the media personalities listed would beinterested in meeting you ?off the record? though your patrons sponsorsmay not fully understand the power of such meetings if you do not appearon television, radio, or print as you do in Russia.

[T]here is NO limit as to how many American companies that you canmeet?at the highest levels?if you are able to represent that you are apotential line of communication into future Russian Federationgovernments.

In this email, U.S. Person listed potential media, business, and political contacts, and closed with,?Everyone on this list understands (to some degree) U.S. Russian relations under PresidentOharna and President Putin. Everyone on this list would like to better understand US. 1? Russianrelations under new presidents for each country. YOU can provide commentary on both?if you?re willing to take that risk.?

21. Also in late March 2015, U.S. Person I emailed BUTINA, with the subject line?Your Plan Forward.? In this email, US. Person I told BUTJNA that

If you were to sit down with your special ??iends and make a list of ALL themost important contacts you could find in America for a time when thepolitical situation between the US. and Russia will change, you could NOTdo better than the list that I just emailed you. NO one certainly not the?of?cial? Russian Federation public relations representative in New York could build a better list. And for a variety of current political reasons, thecurrent Russian ambassadors to the United States and United Nations do noteven try.

YOU HAVE ALREADY MET ALL OF THE AMERICANS necessary tointroduce you to EVERYONE on that list. . . . I

If you had NOT spent the last year attending conferences in America, itwould take you ANOTHER year to be able to meet the names on that list.What you have done is prepare all of the groundwork (necessaryintroductions) in order to be introduced to everyone on that list. All that isneeded is for your friends to provide you with the ?nancial resources tospend the time in America to TAKE ALL OF THESE MEETINGS. andyour friends in America can?t make it any easier for you than that.

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Your potential sponsors either understand this or they don?t. The names ofall of the people that impress your friends by listing them. All that yourfriends need to know is that meetings with the names on MY list would notbe possible without the unknown names in your ?business card? notebook.Keep them focused on who you are NOW able to meet, NOT the peopleyou have ALREADY met.

22. Your affiant has reviewed a number of .pdf documents stored in Laptop containing Twitter direct messages between BUTINA and the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL thatreflect direction and coordination of efforts by the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL. The directmessages between BUTINA and the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL in the latter half of 2015 include:

I A conversation between the RUSSLAN OFFICIAL and BUTINA regardingan article published by BUTINA in he National Interest on or about June12, 2015, which argued that certain .S. politicians and Russians sharemany common interests. BUTINA asked the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL to lookat the article, and the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL said it was very good;

0 A request by the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL for BUTINA to ?write [him]something brief" about a political event in the United States which she wasscheduled to attend. BUTINA provided that write~up the next day, whichincluded descriptions of her speaking to a political candidate on the night ofthe announcement, as well as previous private meeting with thecandidate at the 2015 annual GUN RIGHTS ORGANIZATION members?meeting;

0 Discussions about the RUSSIAN anticipated attendance at a

National Prayer Breakfast (including whether he had received approval to

attend from the MFA), and providing the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL with

biographies of U.S. politicians and executives of the GUN RIGHTS

0 Discussions about the RUSSIAN plans to meet with a U.S.Congressman during a Congressional Delegation trip to Moscow in August2015. In that conversation, BUTINA noted that she has the RUSSIANdiplomatic passport and can purchase a plane ticket for himfrom St. Petersburg to Moscow; and

A statement from BUTINA to the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL that the latter ?hasthe responsibility of a serious mission restoration of relations betweencountries.? BUTINA continued by saying that this is a long game and that?maybe, by inviting the RIGHTS here, you haveprevented a conflict between two great nations. although, I think, this isthe very beginning of the journey.?

23. Based on my training, experience, and familiarity with this investigation, I believethat the above?described email and Twitter conversations represent plan to conductactivities as an illegal agent of the Russian Federation in the United States through a Russianin?uence operation.

Acts in the United States

24. efforts in the United States to promote the political interests of theRussian Federation were diverse and multifaceted, including efforts to organize aseries of ??'iendship and dialogue? dinners, some of which are believed to have taken place in theDistrict of Columbia, as well as attendance at two National Prayer Breakfasts in theDistrict of Columbia.

25. On or about January 19, 2016, BUTTNA and the Russian Representative exchanged

Twitter direct messages regarding logistics for the 2016 National Prayer Breakfast. The RUSSIANOFFICLAL noted that the MFA had given approval for his attendance.

26. On February 4, 2016, both BUTINA and the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL attended the2016 National Prayer Breakfast in the District of Columbia.

27. A series of email communications (also known as ?email strings?) spanningMarch 10 and 11, 2016 and involving BUTINA, U.S. Person 1, and 1.1.8. Person 2 revealefforts to arrange the ?friendship and dialogue? dinners in the District of Columbiaand New York City near the end of May 2016. U.S. Person 1 provided a list to BUTINA .ofAmerican individuals and noted that this list would serve as ?a good start for Maria?s first briefin for [the RUSSIAN OFF Friday morning in Moscow.? BUTINA expressed her gratitudeto U.S. Person 1 and noted that she had received the list before her meeting with the RUSSIANOFFICIAL, and ?that [w]e con?rm the Dates! [the RUSSIAN is working on the bestthird person from the Russian side now.? Additionally, BUTINA told U.S. Person 2 that theRUSSIAN OFFICIAL had expressed to her that he was ?very much impressed by you andexpresses his great appreciation for what you are doing to restore relations between the twocountries. He also wants you to know thatRussians will support the efforts from our side. Thatis all I can tell you for now. More information next week!?

28. On March 14, 2016, BUTINA emailed U.S. Person 2 and said that the RUSSIANOFFICIAL continued to her ?his desire in our Russian-American project,? and that arepresentative of the Russian Presidential administration had expressed approval ?for building thiscommunication channel.? BUTINA additionally assured U.S. Person 2 that he should not worryas ?all that we needed is <1<yesls> from Putin?s side. The rest is easier.?

29. On March 30, 2016, BUTINA sent an email thanking an associate of the organizer

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of the 2017 Prayer Breakfast for meeting with her and the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL in Moscow. Inthis email, BUTINA noted that the RUSSIAN OFFICLAL ?suggested to President Putin that heconsider coming to the Prayer Breakfast next year, Feb 2017, and Pres. Putin did not say ?no? BUTINA observed that she believed that there were a number of conditions that should be met inorder for President Putin to attend, including a personal invitation from the President of the UnitedStates and the attendance of at least fifteen other world leaders or heads of state. In a later Marchemail, the organizer of the 2017 National Prayer Breakfast promised BUTINA he would provideten seats at the 2017 event.

30. On September 16, 2016, BUTINA sent an email to U.S. Person 1 and U.S. Person 2regarding organizing another Russian-American ?friendship and dialogue? dinner in the Districtof Columbia. BUTINA suggested scheduling the next dinner at the beginning of October 2016,because ?we only have 2 month left before the elections and it?s the time for building anadvisers team on Russia for a new president. I am seriously worry that the candidates someupcoming day will suddenly realize that ?now? is the time to do something with Russia and willlook for advisory among currently popular radically oppositional to Russia crowd of experts. Badthings happen than. I believe we can prevent it.? [sic]

On October 4, 2016, U.S. Person I sent an email to an acquaintance. The emailcovered a number of topics. Within the email, U.S. Person 1 stated, ?Unrelated to speci?cpresidential campaigns, I?ve been involved in securing a VERY private line of communicationbetween the Kremlin and key POLITICAL PARTY 1 leaders through, of all conduits, the RIGHTS Based on my training, experience, and familiarity with thisinvestigation, I believe that this email describes U.S. Person 1?s involvement in BU effortsto establish a ?back channel? communication for representatives of the Government of Russia.

32. On October 5, 2016, BUTINA and the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL exchanged the

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following direct messages on Twitter:

Time will tell. We made our bet. I am following our game. Iwill be connecting the people from the prayer breakfast to this group. Mostimportantly, you get better. Everything else we will win.

RUSSIAN OFFICIAL: No doubt! Of course we will win, but I (you areright) need to beat the illness ?rst and get out of the hOSpital (I made anattempt today it didn?t work). And it is not about winning today?s ?ght(although we are striving for it) but to win the entire battle. This is the battlefor the future, it cannot be lost! Or everyone will lose.

BUTINA: True! But don?t try to get out right now: the doctors ordered youto stay for a reason. Better finish the treatment. Please do not risk it. Youhave a key role and you know it. I will not manage without you.

RUSSIAN OFFICIAL: No! This is a mistake. Your political star has risenin the sky. Now it is important to rise to the zenith and not burn out (fall)prematurely.

BUTINA: Oh well. I am just starting in this ?eld. I still have to learn andlearn from you! These are notjust words! Harsh and impetuous moves willruin everything early.

RUSSIAN OFFICIAL: This is hard to teach. Patience and cold blood faith in yourself. And everything will de?nitely turn out.

BUTINA: By your recommendation, I am setting up the groundwork herebut I am really in need of mentoring. Or the energy might to towards thewrong direction. Yesterday?s dinner showed that American society isbroken in relation to Russia. This is now the dividing line of opinions, thecrucial one in the election race. PARTY are for us,[another major US. political party] against 50/50. Our move here isvery important.? [sic]

33. During the October 5, 2016 Twitter direct communications, BUTINA and theRUSSIAN OFFICIAL also discussed other potential steps to take in the operation. The RUSSIANOFFICIAL asked about how the ?Russia?USA friendship society? looked at that time. BUTINAresponded, ?It?s not alive. We are currently ?underground? both here and there. Now, private

clubs and quite [sic] in?uence on people making decisions is the trend. No publicity.? She

12

continued, ?Adviser is the profession of the current day. Even a secret advisor. Right now theAdministration here is ?exible and there is the idea, so that the right thoughts would dominate.?

34. Following this October 5, 2016 Twitter conversation, BUTINA and the RUSSIANOFFICIAL discussed whether BUTINA should volunteer to serve as a US. election observer fromRussia and agreed that the risk was too high. The RUSSIAN OFFICLAL expressed the opinionthat ?the risk of provocation is too high and the ?media hype? which comes after it,? and BUTINAagreed by responding, ?Only incognito! Right now everything has to be quiet and careful.?

35. In October 2016, BUTINA and the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL intermittentlycommunicated to discuss the topics of the 2017 National Prayer Breakfast invitation and theupcoming elections via Twitter direct message. On October 17, 2016, BUTINA asked theRUSSIAN OFFICIAL for a list of ten individuals from Russia who would be attending theNational Prayer Breakfast. BUTINA further suggested to the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL that it wouldbe a good idea to invite the Russian Ambassador and noted that it ?needs to be somebodyin?uential from Russia, it would be better [if it were someone] from the Kremlin or RPC [RussianOrthodox Church] of course.?

36. In a series of November 8 and 9, 2016 Twitter direct messages, the RUSSIANOFFICIAL and BUTINA discussed the results of the US. Presidential election as they wereannounced. As part of that same Twitter conversation, told the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL,. . I?m going to sleep. It?s 3 am here. I am ready for further orders.? The RUSSIAN OFFICIALresponded, ?Think about in which areas of life we could go towards bringing us closer. ISIS understandably, what else we need to look at the American agenda.? After speculating about whomight be nominated as Secretary of State, BUTINA suggested a phone call to discuss, and theRUSSIAN OFFICIAL noted that he liked the idea, but was worried that ?all our phones are being

listened to!? BUTINA suggested that they talk via WhatsApp.

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37. On November 1 1, 2016, BUTINA sent the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL a direct messagevia Twitter, in which she predicted who might be named Secretary of State and asked theRUSSIAN OFFICIAL to ?nd out how ?our people? felt about that potential nomination.

38. Also on November 11, 2016, BUTINA sent the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL a directmessage via Twitter which included a screen shot of two ?reports? in Russian. One reportproposed ways to establish dialogue with U.S. politicians through a conference. The proposalstated that ?[t]he conference must be presented as a private initiative, not a governmentundertaking.? The proposal also suggested that BUTINA and a number of political of?cials andU.S. Congressmen should participate. In this report, BU TINA noted to the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL,under the heading ?advantages,? that ?[t]he event will get wide coverage in the press; it will be the?rst positive event regarding Russia in Washington (currently, all of them are anti?Russian andanti-Putin). The event does not pose any risks because no government officials from either countrywill attend; yet it creates a foundation for further talks on the level of government officials.?

39. In a November 12, 2016 Twitter direct message, the RUSSIAN OFFICIALacknowledged reading the proposal referenced above and informed BUTINA that ?they? won?t gofor it. He told BU TINA that he could not reach an MFA contact and noted ?[p]eople are waitingfor the formed decisions. I will try to clarify this subject on Monday one more time.? Based on .my training, experience, and familiarity with this investigation, I believe these messages are theRUSSIAN OFFICIAL relaying the Russian Federation?s instructions to its agent, BUTINA.

40. On November 30, 2016, BUTINA emailed U.S. Person 1 regarding the Russiandelegation to the 2017 National Prayer Breakfast. BUTINA stated that the ?[p]eople in the list arehandpicked by [the RUSSIAN and me and are VERY in?uential in Russia. They arecoming to establish a back channel of Let?s think if our Person 2?s ?rst

name] would like to meet with them. . (ellipses in original)

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41. On December 1, 2016, U.S. Person I emailed BUT INA with instructions for ?whatis required to book the Russian delegation hotel rooms in the Washington Hilton the actual venueof the National Prayer Breakfast.? The email listed rooms and prices, and US. Person I noted,?To be safe, I?d ask [the RUSSIAN to place US $3500 on one of your Russian chargecards in order to pay these deposits.?

42. In a December 26, 2016 email, the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL told BUTINA that theMFA had no objection to his trip to attend the National Prayer Breakfast, but ?it does not meanthat everything is settled. . . . Of?cially, only ambassadors will be invited. There will be no stateleaders and delegations.? BUTINA-replied, ?The response from the MFA is perfect.[] 1 amserious.?

43. On January 5, 2017, BUTINA was forwarded a copy of an email between US.Person I and Person 2 regarding the 2017 National Prayer Breakfast in which US. Person 1attached a list of Russian visitors, including 12 Russian guests, noting, ?In addition to delegationleader [the RUSSIAN the list is populated by important political advisers to RussianPresident Putin, university presidents, mayors, and substantial private businessmen.?

44. On January 26, 2017, BUTINA and the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL communicated viaTwitter direct message about the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL delivering a speech the night before theNational Prayer Breakfast. BUTINA told the Russian Representative that ?[t]he only thing I askis to somehow mention me. This is very important for me for negotiations with the breakfastcommittee. They need to see me not as the delegation ?organization committee? but as your partnerand colleague.? The Russian Representative agreed as to the ?need to stress statusas a key figure.?

45. On February 2, 2017, BUTINA and the RUSSIAN OFFICIAL attended the 2017

National Prayer Breakfast in the District of Columbia.

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46. On February 6, 2017, BUTINA emailed a National Prayer Breakfast organizer tothank him for ?the gift of you [sic] precious time during the National Prayer Breakfast week andfor the very private meeting that followed. A new relationship between two countries alwaysbegins better when it begins in faith. Once you have a chance to rest after last week?s events, Ihave important information for you to?mher this new relationship. I would appreciate one briefadditional meeting with you to explain these new developments. I remain in Washington, DC.pursuing my Master?s Degree at American University. My schedule is your schedule!? (emphasisadded)

48. On February 8, 201?, BUTINA emailed U.S. Person 2 to thank him and noted,?Our delegation cannot stop chatting about your wonderful dinner. My dearest President hasreceived ?the message? about your group initiatives and your constructive and kind attention to theRussians.?

49. At no time did BUTINA notify the Attorney General, whose of?ce in theDepartment of Justice is located in the District of Columbia, that she would and did act in the

United States as an agent of a foreign government.

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CONCLUSION

50. For the reasons stated above, there is probable cause to believe that BUTINA

conspired with one or more persons to violate 18 U.S.C. 951, in violation of 13 .S.C. 371.

51. I declare under the penalty of perjury that the information provided above is true