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The United Kingdom's economy is very integrated with that of the European Union, particularly in agriculture, and disentangling the UK economy may lead to significant changes in legal regimes and trade patterns.

ERS plays a leading role in Federal research on food security and food security measurement in U.S. households and communities and provides data access and technical support to social science scholars to facilitate their research.

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The 2014-15 U.S. outbreak of Highly-Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) resulted in the loss of more than 50 million birds. The market impacts reflect not only lower production, but also the loss of overseas markets for broiler meat.

The rural population is shrinking due to outmigration of young adults, fewer births, increased mortality among working-age adults, and an aging population. Rural job growth since 2011 has been well below the urban growth rate.

ERS analyzed the impact of a USDA regulatory initiative that identified commercial chicken slaughter establishments with poor or mediocre ratings on Salmonella tests – specifically, how this has affected the outcome of subsequent tests.

U.S. manufacturing employment has been declining since the 1950s. A better understanding of the factors affecting the survival of rural manufacturing plants may help develop strategies to retain these jobs.

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has undergone economic, social, and demographic transformations over the past 10 to 15 years. Among the poorest regions in the world, it faces major political and economic challenges and low food security.

This data set provides monthly average price values, and the differences among those values, at the farm, wholesale, and retail stages of the production and marketing chain for selected cuts of beef, pork, and broilers.

The ERS State Fact Sheets provide information on population, income, poverty, food security, education, employment, organic agriculture, farm characteristics, farm financial indicators, top commodities, and agricultural exports. Data are available for all States, and for metro/nonmetro breakouts within States. Links to county-level data are provided where available. This release provides the latest available (2016) U.S. and State-Level education and income statistics.

This data product presents the latest household income forecast and socioeconomic indicators for principal operators of U.S. family farms, including health insurance coverage and expenditures of farm operator households.

The Major Land Uses (MLU) series is the longest running, most comprehensive accounting of all major uses of public and private land in the United States. The MLU series contains acreage estimates of major uses for the U.S., regions, and States, beginning in 1945 and published about every 5 years since (through 2012). The annual cropland summary table has been consistently maintained since 1910 and includes data through 2017.

The U.S. Bioenergy Statistics are a source of information on biofuels intended to present a picture of the renewable energy industry and its relationship to agriculture. Where appropriate, data are presented in both a calendar year and the relevant marketing year timeframe to increase utility to feedstock-oriented users. The statistics highlight the factors that influence the demand for agricultural feedstocks for biofuels production; for instance, numerous tables emphasize the relationship between energy and commodity markets.

Agricultural trade multipliers provide estimates of employment and/or output effects of trade in farm and food products on the U.S. economy. These effects, when expressed as multipliers, reflect the amount of economic activity and/or jobs generated by agricultural exports. This data product offers two options through which to display agricultural trade multipliers: as pre-defined ERS estimates for the most recent calendar year available; or as estimates generated by an interactive calculator that enables users to select their own basket of exports and/or apply a new set of trade margins to the commodity or basket of goods.

This data product provides users with comprehensive statistics on fresh and processed vegetables and pulses in the United States, as well as global production and trade data for these sectors. It harmonizes and integrates data from the ERS market outlook program with data collected by different Federal and international statistical agencies to facilitate analyses of economic performance over time, and across domestic and foreign markets.

This data product provides users with comprehensive statistics on fresh and processed fruit and tree nuts in the United States, as well as global production and trade data for these sectors. It harmonizes and integrates data from the ERS market outlook program with data collected by different Federal and international statistical agencies to facilitate analyses of economic performance over time, and across domestic and foreign markets. Data are provided for more than 30 individual fresh and processed products.

The ERS Food Availability (Per Capita) Data System (FADS) includes three distinct but related data series on food and nutrient availability for consumption. The data serve as proxies for actual consumption at the national level. Food availability data and loss-adjusted food availability data have been updated through 2015. With this release, ERS is providing interactive charts on various aspects of food availability.

ERS's broad spectrum of research publications in food and nutrition assistance has been updated in an interactive database to ensure that research is available to the public in an accessible format. Nearly 1,100 peer-reviewed reports and articles are available on food and nutrition assistance-related research conducted by ERS researchers or funded through ERS.

The International Macroeconomic Data Set provides data from 1969 through 2020 for real (adjusted for inflation) gross domestic product (GDP), population, real exchange rates, and other variables for the 190 countries and 34 regions that are most important for U.S. agricultural trade.

USDA's Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) is the primary source of information on the financial condition, production practices, resource use, and economic well-being of farm households. The December 14, 2017 release includes information on farm finances from the 2016 ARMS survey, now available through the Farm and Household Finance Tailored Reports.

USDA has estimated annual production costs and returns and published accounts for major field crop and livestock enterprises since 1975. Cost and return estimates are reported for the United States and major production regions for corn, soybeans, wheat, cotton, grain sorghum, rice, peanuts, oats, barley, milk, hogs, and cow-calf. These cost and return accounts are "historical" accounts based on the actual costs incurred by producers.

2016 data are now available from the 2014-16 Eating and Health Module (EH Module), a supplement to the American Time Use Survey (ATUS). The EH Module asked respondents about secondary eating—that is, eating while doing another activity; soft drink consumption; grocery shopping preferences and fast food purchases; meal preparation and food safety practices; food assistance participation; general health, height and weight, and exercise; and income. Understanding time use patterns can provide insight into economic behaviors associated with eating patterns as well as the diet and health status of individuals.

The Livestock and Meat International Trade Data Set contains monthly and annual data for imports and exports of live cattle, hogs, sheep, and goats, as well as beef and veal, pork, lamb and mutton, chicken meat, turkey meat, and eggs.

U.S. rice production, supply, disappearance, trade, and price data. Includes state acreage, yield, and production data; U.S. and world price series; and program statistics. Contains world supply and use estimates as well.

A collection of 70 charts and maps presenting key statistics on the farm sector, food spending and prices, food security, rural communities, the interaction of agriculture and natural resources, and more.

Estimates of productivity growth in the U.S. farm sector for 1948-2015, and estimates of the growth/relative levels of productivity across States for 1960-2004. Note: Updates of the State-level statistics are suspended. (Quality of national statistics is preserved.)

This data product contains data on U.S. cotton and wool supply, demand, and prices, as well as U.S. cotton and textile trade data, maintained by the Economic Research Service to support related commodity market analysis and research.

The Food Environment Atlas is a web-based mapping tool developed by ERS that allows users to compare U.S. counties in terms of their “food environment”—indicators that help determine and reflect a community’s access to affordable, healthy food. Food environment factors—such as store/restaurant proximity, food prices, food and nutrition assistance programs, and community characteristics—interact to influence food choices and diet quality. The Atlas currently includes over 275 indicators of the food environment. The year and geographic level of the indicators vary to better accommodate data from a variety of sources. The most recent county-level, State, or regional data are used whenever possible.

This product provides information about publicly available data from national surveys that include the U.S. Food Security Survey Module. Technical information is provided to facilitate appropriate use of the data, and links are provided to access data on line or to order the data files on CD-ROM.

Contains annual and monthly data for exchange rates important to U.S. agriculture. It includes both nominal and real exchange rates for 80 countries (plus the European Union) as well as real trade-weighted exchange rate indexes for many commodities and aggregations.

This data set is the basis for the International Food Security Assessment, 2015-2025 released in June 2015. It provides annual country-level data on production, consumption, and trade of grains and root and tuber crops, food aid, and macroeconomic variables for 76 countries.

View the diversity of challenges and opportunities across America's counties. View indicators about people, jobs, veterans, and county types. The Atlas has been updated to include 2016 county population estimates and annual unemployment/employment data.

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Data System provides time-series data on State and county-level estimates of SNAP participation and benefit levels, combined with area estimates of total population and the number of persons in poverty.

This data product provides three Excel file spreadsheet models that use futures prices to forecast the U.S. season-average price received and the implied price loss coverage (PLC) payment rate for three major field crops (corn, soybeans, and wheat).

Data cover genetically engineered (GE) varieties of corn, upland cotton, and soybeans for 2000-17, for the U.S. and States. Data include the extent of adoption of herbicide-tolerant (HT), insect-resistant (Bt), and both traits ("stacked") GE crops. A summary includes recent trends in GE adoption.

The Food Access Research Atlas (formerly the Food Desert Locator) is a mapping tool that allows users to investigate multiple indicators of food store access. This tool expands upon previous estimates of food desert census tracts, incorporating alternative estimates of low income and low access census tracts, and by offering contextual information for all census tracts in the U.S.

The Cost Estimates of Foodborne Illnesses data product provides detailed data about the costs of major foodborne illnesses in the United States, updating and extending previous ERS research. Cost estimates of foodborne illnesses have been used in the past to help inform food-safety policy discussions, and these updated cost estimates will provide a foundation for economic analysis of food safety.

The food dollar series measures annual expenditures by U.S. consumers on domestically produced food and is composed of three primary series—the marketing bill series, the industry group series, and the primary factor series—that shed light on different aspects of the food supply chain. Nominal (current year) and real data are now available from 1993 to 2015.

This database is no longer being updated. The Commodity and Food Elasticities Database is a collection of elasticities from research on consumer demand published in working papers, dissertations, and peer-reviewed journals and as presented at professional conferences in the United States. Most of the literature is from U.S. academic and government research. The database allows queriable searches of income, expenditure, and own- and cross-price elasticities for specific commodities and countries, which can be ranked and sorted. The most fully covered countries are the United States and China, and the greatest number of demand studies are for vegetables, fruits, and grocery products such as coffee and ketchup.

This database is no longer being updated. The China agricultural and economic database is a collection of agricultural-related data from official statistical publications of the People's Republic of China. Analysts and policy professionals around the world need information about the rapidly changing Chinese economy, but statistics are often published only in China and sometimes only in Chinese-language publications. This product assembles a wide variety of data items covering agricultural production, inputs, prices, food consumption, output of industrial products relevant to the agricultural sector, and macroeconomic data.

This data set provides import values of edible products (food and beverages) entering U.S. ports and their origin of shipment. Data are from the U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau. Food and beverage import values are compiled by calendar year into food groups corresponding to major commodities or level of processing. At least 10 years of annual data are included, enabling users to track long-term growth patterns.

The 2013 Urban Influence Codes form a classification scheme that distinguishes metropolitan counties by population size of their metro area, and nonmetropolitan counties by size of the largest city or town and proximity to metro and micropolitan areas. The standard Office of Management and Budget (OMB) metro and nonmetro categories have been subdivided into two metro and 10 nonmetro categories, resulting in a 12-part county classification.

Dozens of definitions are currently used by Federal and State agencies, researchers, and policymakers. The ERS Rural Definitions data product allows users to make comparisons among nine representative rural definitions.

The rural-urban commuting area codes (RUCA) classify U.S. census tracts using measures of urbanization, population density, and daily commuting. The latest RUCA codes are based on data from the 2010 decennial census and the 2006-10 American Community Survey.

The 2013 Rural-Urban Continuum Codes form a classification scheme that distinguishes metropolitan counties by the population size of their metro area, and nonmetropolitan counties by degree of urbanization and adjacency to metro areas. The official Office of Management and Budget (OMB) metro and nonmetro categories have been subdivided into three metro and six nonmetro categories. Each county in the U.S. and Puerto Rico is assigned one of the 9 codes.

SNAP Policy Database provides a central data source for information on State-level program policies in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), such as eligibility criteria, recertification and reporting requirements, benefit issuance methods, and availability of online applications.

Wholesale prices for select organic and conventional fruits and vegetables, first receiver prices for organic poultry and eggs, and f.o.b. and spot market prices for organic grain and feedstuffs. Estimated U.S. sales volume of organic and total fluid milk, based on Federal milk marketing order statistics. All data are now through 2013.

NOTE: This data product is no longer being updated. This data product identified which countries, under APHIS phytosanitary rules, were eligible to export to the United States the fresh fruits and vegetables that were most important in the American diet.

The Quarterly Food-Away-From-Home Prices (QFAFHP) data set provides quarterly price data for food away from home and alcohol, both at home and away from home, to support research on the economic determinants of diet quality and health outcomes.

The natural amenities scale county-based measure of the physical characteristics of an area that enhance the location as a place to live. The scale was constructed by combining six measures of climate, topography, and water area that reflect environmental qualities most people prefer.

ERS annually calculates "normalized prices," which smooth out the effects of shortrun seasonal or cyclical variation, for key agricultural inputs and outputs. They are used to evaluate the benefits of projects affecting agriculture.

Updates to this product are suspended. Get select results from the 2004 and 2007 Nationwide Surveys of Organic Manufacturers, Processors, and Distributors. Data are available on 9 commodity groups, such as fruit and nuts, and 45 commodities, such as berries and citrus.

This data product summarizes irrigated farms in the United States based on USDA's 2013 Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey (FRIS). The previous release of this data product--which summarized the farm-structural characteristics for irrigated farms in the 17 Western States based on USDA's 2008 and 1998 Farm and Ranch Irrigation Surveys--is available in a zipped archive file.

ERS tracks the supply of food available for consumption in the United States and examines consumer food preferences by consumers’ age, income, region, race/ethnicity, and place where food is obtained, as well as by food/commodity categories and other characteristics.

This database is no longer being updated. Total and marginal budget shares and income and price elasticities are estimated, using 2005 ICP data, for nine broad consumption groups and eight food subgroups across 144 countries.

The 2010 Frontier and Remote Area (FAR) codes provide a statistically-based, nationally-consistent, and adjustable definition of territory in the U.S. characterized by low population density and high geographic remoteness.

Note: Updates to this data product are suspended. The underlying information is available from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Foreign Trade Division. This product provides U.S. annual data on imports and exports of selected fertilizer types. The data cover imports from 1995 to 2012 and exports from 1990 to 2012 for 26 major fertilizer products an materials, and for 82 major trading countries.

This product brings together 1960-2012 data on fertilizer consumption in the United States by plant nutrient and major selected product, as well as consumption of mixed fertilizers, secondary nutrients, and micronutrients. Share of crop area receiving fertilizer and fertilizer use per receiving acre, by nutrient, are presented for the major producing States for corn, cotton, soybeans, and wheat. Additional data include fertilizer farm prices and indices of wholesale fertilizer price. Fertilizer price data are through 2013.

Food consumption in terms of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans’ food groups is reported for all sources and the total U.S. population, as well as by food source, children age 2-19, and adults age 20 and older.

ERS' Federal Funds series is discontinued. The underlying data are no longer available. ERS screened data from the Census Bureau's Consolidated Federal Funds Reports for each Federal program for accuracy at the county level and then presents the data by function and type of program for each county and State.

The creative class thesis—that towns need to attract engineers, architects, artists, and people in other creative occupations to compete in today's economy—may be particularly relevant to rural communities, which tend to lose much of their talent when young adults leave. The ERS creative class codes indicate a county's share of population employed in occupations that require "thinking creatively." Variables used to construct the ERS creative class measure include number and percent employed in creative class occupations and a metro/nonmetro indicator for all counties, 1990, 2000, and 2007-11. A break-out of employment in the arts is included.

County boundaries do not always accurately define local economies. Commuting zones and Labor Market Areas combine counties into units intended to more closely reflect the geographic interrelationships between employers and labor supply.

Data for public and private funding of food and agricultural research and development cover the years 1970-2009 (public) and 1970-2007 (private). Data are available as nominal figures and adjusted for inflation.