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Conditions

Sports Medicine Conditions

Whether you are a beginner, recreational athlete or an elite professional, you can be sure to benefit from the fully integrated approach to recovery and maintenance of health and wellbeing offered by the MedStar Health sports medicine orthopaedic specialists. Our teams of medical specialists—including physicians, sports physical therapists, occupational therapists, and athletic trainers—are dedicated to helping you reach or return to your desired level of activity, as quickly and safely as possible.

What separates MedStar Health from other medical facilities is our unique understanding of athletes and other physically active individuals and the injuries they suffer. We appreciate the sense of urgency and the high level of expectations our patients bring to treatment.

Focus on Total Performance

We know that to manage injuries appropriately, we need to look at why they occurred. So, in addition to traditional evaluation measures, our assessment includes careful review of training techniques, inspection of equipment, and/or biomechanical activity analysis.

At MedStar Health, our goal is not simply to treat your injury, but also to integrate the injured joint or muscle into the total performance of the body. We emphasize early intervention, learning techniques to avoid complications, and maintaining good physical conditioning even during injury convalescence. Learn more:

Common Injuries

A number of injuries are common in the sports arena, and, depending on the sport you play and how often you participate, often require specific treatments. The list of possible injuries is almost as long as the list of activities in which you can participate, but a number of injuries occur fairly frequently in all sports.Sprains and Strains

A sprain occurs when a ligament is stretched or torn, while a strain occurs when a muscle or tendon is injured. Most sprains and strains respond well to conservative therapy, which includes R.I.C.E. and rehabilitation.

R.I.C.E. therapy is best applied in the 48 hours after an injury and includes:

Rest and reduction in activities

Ice applied for 20 minutes at a time, four to eight times a day

Compression, such as with elastic bandages

Elevation above the level of the heart to decrease swelling. (Over-the-counter drugs, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, can help decrease pain and inflammation.)

Rehabilitation varies according to the injury, but may include special exercises and a gradual increase of activity until healing is complete. Some sprains or strains may be severe enough to require surgery to repair them.

Ligament Injuries

Ligaments are the tough, flexible tissues that connect two bones or cartilages or hold together a joint. The knee has four main ligaments: the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments and the medial and lateral collateral ligaments. When the knee is suddenly twisted or directly impact, these ligaments can be injured.

Cruciate ligament injuries may respond to conservative treatment; however, most require surgery. The sports medicine surgeons at MedStar Health have significant experience and expertise in a number of surgical options and will discuss the best treatment choices with you.

Collateral ligament injuries are more likely to respond to nonsurgical treatments; however, severe injuries or ones that also involve the cruciate ligaments usually require surgery.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injuries

The most commonly injured of the ligaments is the ACL, and not just by athletes—over 250,000 ACL injuries occur annually within the general population. Tears in the ACL generally result in ACL surgery, extensive physical therapy, significant time away from recreational activities, and a likelihood of arthritis within 10 years.

ACL Injury Prevention

MedStar Health has developed a comprehensive program to reduce injury risk that involves proper dynamic warm ups, a targeted strengthening program, and a progressive plyometric program. Our mission is to help educate and train as many teams, coaches and parents as possible to help minimize the risk of an athlete suffering this common injury.

ACL Treatment

To initially manage ACL injuries, MedStar Health specialists focus on obtaining a full range of motion of the knee and allowing the swelling to subside. Once these have been achieved, both conservative and ACL surgery treatment options can be exercised.

Conservative treatment involves muscular strengthening and often bracing to help stabilize the knee. It is optimal for those who are older or less active, and those who do not plan to return to athletic or vigorous activity.

Meniscus Injuries

The knee meniscus is a piece of cartilage that serves as a shock absorber between the ends of the leg bones, helps lubricate the joint, and distributes body weight across the joint. Meniscal tears are typically caused by twisting or hyperflexing the joint. These tears can also occur due to degenerative processes caused by aging. Occasionally, these tears may occur simultaneously with injury to the ACL. When the ACL is injured, these tears can result in pain, swelling, and often clicking or catching within the knee.Minor tears may be treated with therapy and strengthening exercises. More extensive tears often require surgery to reattach the meniscus, replace it with donor cartilage or remove it. Most procedures can be performed using the minimally invasive arthroscopy techniques that allow shorter hospital stays and decreased recovery times. More information about meniscal surgery is available here.

Achilles Tendon Rupture

The Achilles tendon, which joins the muscles of the lower leg, is the largest tendon in the body. A ruptured Achilles is a serious injury that typically requires surgery. MedStar Health surgeons now expertly perform this surgery with minimal incisions, ensuring less pain, faster healing, and excellent long-term results.

Torn Rotator Cuffs

The rotator cuff comprises the muscles and tendons that hold the upper arm bone it its joint. A torn rotator cuff may respond to non-surgical therapies, but often will require surgery. Arthroscopy often is used to repair small injuries, and minimal incision surgery is now an option to repair complete tears. Read more about rotator cuff conditions here.

Concussion

A concussion is a type of brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head that can change the way the brain normally functions. Concussions can occur in any athletic activity, as well as from motor vehicle crashes or falls. MedStar Health orthopaedic and sports medicine specialists with expertise in concussion management urge you to have all suspected concussions evaluated—the primary risks of not receiving a medical evaluation may include:

Increased risk for severe brain injury or even death

Prolonged symptoms

Difficulties with schoolwork and other activities

Signs and symptoms of a concussion include

Appears dazed or stunned

Answers questions slowly

Loses consciousness (even briefly)

Exhibits moody behavior or personality changes

Can't recall events prior to hit or fall

Headache or pressure in head

Nausea or vomiting

Balance problems or dizziness

Double or blurry vision

Sensitivity to light or noise

Feeling sluggish or foggy

Concentration or memory problems

Does not feel “right” or is feeling “down”

Consistent with the Maryland and Washington, D.C., athletic concussion prevention laws, athletes suspected of suffering a concussion should remove themselves or be removed from the game or practice immediately, regardless of how mild it seems or how quickly symptoms clear. Continuing to play without medical clearance leaves athletes vulnerable to a more severe brain injury or, rarely, death.

Be aware that symptoms and signs of concussion may not appear immediately after the injury and can take hours or days to fully appear. Because athletes may not report their concussion symptoms, coaches, teammates, and parents need to be educated to recognize them and seek appropriate assistance.