Rapid technical advances in clinical imaging, together with its becoming program to drug/gene treatment and invasive/interventional systems, have attracted major curiosity in shut integration of analysis in lifestyles sciences, drugs, actual sciences and engineering. this is often prompted through the medical and uncomplicated technological know-how examine requi- ment of acquiring extra specific physiological and pathological information regarding the physique for developing localized genesis and development of illnesses. present examine is usually prompted by means of the truth that scientific imaging is more and more relocating from a essentially diagnostic modality in the direction of a healing and interventional reduction, pushed by means of contemporary advances in minimal-access and robotic-assisted surgical procedure. It was once our nice excitement to welcome the attendees to MIAR 2004, the second Int- nationwide Workshop on clinical Imaging and Augmented fact, held on the Xia- shan (Fragrant Hills) inn, Beijing, in the course of August 19–20, 2004. The aim of MIAR 2004 was once to compile researchers in desktop imaginative and prescient, images, robotics, and scientific imaging to offer the cutting-edge advancements during this ever-growing examine sector. The assembly consisted of a unmarried song of oral/poster displays, with each one consultation led by way of an invited lecture from our unique foreign f- ulty individuals. For MIAR 2004, we got ninety three complete submissions, which have been sub- quently reviewed by way of as much as five reviewers, leading to the recognition of the forty-one complete - pers incorporated during this volume.

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The trolley wheels can be locked. In addition, two clamps are provided on the trolley, that clamp onto the side rails of the operating table, and thus rigidly link the robot base to the operating table. The Acrobot and the gross positioning device are covered with sterile drapes during the surgery, with the sterile cutter motor protruding through the drapes. Sterilisable leg fixtures are another important part of the robotic system, as they ensure that the bones do not move with respect to the robot base during the procedure.

4 ACROBOT® Robotic System In contrast to other robotic systems for orthopaedic surgery, such as Robodoc [6] or Caspar [7], which use modified industrial robots, a small, low-powered, specialpurpose robot, called Acrobot® has been built for safe use in a crowded sterile Hands-On Robotic Surgery: Is This the Future? 31 Fig. 2. User interface of the pre-operative planning software operating theatre environment. The Acrobot is a spherical manipulator with three orthogonal axes of motion: Yaw, Pitch and Extension ( Fig 3).

35 Once the leg was immobilised, the robot was wheeled next to the operating table and clamped to it. 8 mm diameter ball cutter). The patella was prepared manually, as the conventional procedure is regarded to be accurate enough, and the potential accuracy improvement does not justify the added complexity of the robot-assisted procedure. The robotic system and leg fixtures were then removed from the operating table, and the procedure was finished as in conventional TKR surgery: the knee motion was tested with a trial prosthesis, the prosthesis components were fitted onto the bones, and the incision was closed.