P2P Over MANET An Introduction to Mobile Resource Sharing.

Introduction to MANETs Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) Under research for the past 10 years Only a small amount of MANETs are currently used in the real world Autonomous system of mobile routers and nodes All elements reside on wireless domains Nodes can join and leave the network at any time Dynamic topology Wireless connectivity implements node mobility Primarily operates in the network layer (layer 3), but can be implemented in other layers as well

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MANET Interface Connecting point where nodes can attach [1] Allows MANETs to connect to each other Every MANET interface must have a unique identifier Neighborhood Time-varying asymmetric Reachability [1]

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MR4 N1 N2 N4 N3 MR1MR3MR2 N5 N6 MANET Neighbors

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MANET Asymmetric Readability MR4 N1 N2 N4 N3 MR1MR3MR2 N5 N6

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MANET Router (MR) Has one or more MANET interfaces May have zero or more non-MANET interfaces [1] Hides MANET characteristics from all nodes that do not support MANET Only one MR is required to setup a MANET, however, the more the better

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MANETs and Other Wireless Network Technologies IEEE 802.11 (WI-FI) can not be used to implement a MANET, they do not share characteristics WI-FI is just a wireless version of a wired network [3] The two main differences in WI-FI and MANETs: WI-FI operates in the data-link layer (layer 2) and MANETs must exist in the network layer Access points are required for a WI-FI network to effectively work, which is a rule that is not bound to MANETs Bluetooth has been successfully used to implemented a MANET

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MANETs and Existing Wired Networks Can be implemented as an overlay on top of any wired topology or network Routers which support intercommunication can have two or more interfaces including MANET interface Specific MANET routing protocols are used to route traffic across its network MANET packets are encapsulated in IP packets and vice versa In an MANET overlay, a node on the MANET network can communication with a node located on an IP network. This transformation is bi-directional

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MR1 MR3 MR2 Asymmetric Reachability

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Peer to Peer (P2P) An Overview of P2P will start here and continue for the next 3 to 5 slides

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P2P Over MANET A mobile ad hoc network with a peer to peer overly The MANET will operate in the first four layers of the OSI model, while P2P will run in the fourth through seventh layer Both inhibit similar characteristics Next generation of client based networks

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P2P Over MANET Can be implemented in more than one way considering that: There is more than one MANET protocol P2P can be built as a structured, unstructured, data-centric, overlay, or hybrid architecture. Each P2P architecture has a multitude of protocols and characteristics which inhibit different features and constraints A structured P2P architecture works best with MANETs Structured P2P uses Distributed Hash Tables (DHT), which there are many to choose from with different characteristics i.e. Chord, Pastry, etc.