Chess

Chess is a two-player board game played on a chessboard, a checkered gameboard with 64squares arranged in an eight-by-eight grid. Chess is played by millions of people worldwide, both amateurs and professionals.

Each player begins the game with 16 pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns. Each of the six piece types moves differently. The most powerful piece is the queen and the least powerful piece is the pawn. The objective is to 'checkmate' the opponent's king by placing it under an inescapable threat of capture. To this end, a player's pieces are used to attack and capture the opponent's pieces, while supporting their own. In addition to checkmate, the game can be won by voluntary resignation by the opponent, which typically occurs when too much material is lost, or if checkmate appears unavoidable. A game may also result in a draw in several ways.

Chess is believed to have originated in India, some time before the 7th century; the Indian game of chaturanga is also the likely ancestor of xiangqi and shogi. The pieces took on their current powers in Spain in the late 15th century; the rules were finally standardized in the 19th century.

Chess annotation symbols

When annotating chess games, commentators frequently use widely recognized annotation symbols. Question marks and exclamation points that denote a move as bad or good are ubiquitous in chess literature. Some publications intended for an international audience, such as the Chess Informant have a wide range of additional symbols that transcend language barriers.

The common symbols for evaluating the merits of a move are "??", "?", "?!", "!?", "!", and "!!". In these cases, the corresponding symbol is juxtaposed in the text immediately after the move (e.g. Re7? or Kh1!?, see algebraic chess notation).

Use of these annotation symbols is subjective, as different annotators use the same symbols differently. Moreover, an annotator's use of symbols is often influenced by the player's strength: a positional misjudgment that an annotator might give a "??" if played by a strong grandmaster might pass unremarked if played by a beginner.

Annotators' use of punctuation also may possibly be influenced by the result of the game (regardless of the actual quality of the move); one possible example came in the 11th game of the 1972 World Championship, when Spassky played an unexpected move, 14.Nb1, retreating the knight to its initial square. Spassky won the game, and several annotators gave the move two exclamation points. Edmar Mednis asserted that if Spassky had lost the game, the move would likely have been given two question marks instead.

Computer chess

Computer chess is computer architecture encompassing hardware and software capable of playing chess autonomously without human guidance. Computer chess acts as solo entertainment (allowing players to practice and to better themselves when no sufficiently strong human opponents are available), as aids to chess analysis, for computer chess competitions, and as research to provide insights into human cognition.

Current chess engines are able to defeat even the strongest human players under normal conditions. Whether computation could ever solve chess remains an open question.

Availability

Chess-playing computers are now accessible to the average consumer. From the mid-1970s to the present day, dedicated chess computers have been available for purchase. There are many chess engines such as Stockfish, Crafty, Fruit and GNU Chess that can be downloaded from the Internet for free. These engines are able to play a game that, when run on an up-to-date personal computer, can defeat most master players under tournament conditions. Top programs such as the proprietaryShredder or Fritz or the open source program Stockfish have surpassed even world champion caliber players at blitz and short time controls. In October 2008 Rybka was rated top in the CCRL,CEGT, CSS,SSDF, and WBEC rating lists and has won many recent official computer chess tournaments such as CCT 8 and 9, the 2006 Dutch Open Computer Championship, the 16th IPCCC, and the 15th World Computer Chess Championship. As of February 03, 2016, Stockfish is the top rated chess program on the IPON rating list.

Child

Biologically, a child (plural: children) is a human between the stages of birth and puberty. The legal definition of child generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority.

Child may also describe a relationship with a parent (such as sons and daughters of any age) or, metaphorically, an authority figure, or signify group membership in a clan, tribe, or religion; it can also signify being strongly affected by a specific time, place, or circumstance, as in "a child of nature" or "a child of the Sixties".

Legal, biological, and social definitions

The United NationsConvention on the Rights of the Child defines child as "a human being below the age of 18 years unless under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained earlier". This is ratified by 192 of 194 member countries. In U.S. Immigration Law, a child refers to anyone who is under the age of 21.

The album was identified by Chris Kelsey in his Allmusic essay "Free Jazz: A Subjective History" as one of the 20 Essential Free Jazz Albums.

Reception

The Allmusic review by Scott Yanow awarded the album 4 stars stating "The somewhat noisy performances are pretty spontaneous and, thanks to Pullen's rhythmic style, a little more accessible than one might expect, despite being quite adventurous.".

Personnel

Children (2006 film)

Children (Icelandic: Börn (pronunciation)) is a 2006 Icelandic film. The film was highly acclaimed and won several Edda Awards. The film was also submitted as Iceland's official entry to the Academy Awards foreign film section. The film is set in the Breiðholt suburb of the Icelandic capital, and portrays a grittiness which is in "stark contrast to the tourist-friendly portrayal of Reykjavík.

Plot

The plot centers around single nurse Karaitas (Nína Dögg Fillipusdóttir), her son, Guðumund (Andri Snær Helgason), who only plays with schizophrenic family friend, Marino (Ólafur Darri Ólafsson), and criminal father Garðar (Gísli Örn Garðarsson) and his conflicts which lead to the near death beating of twin brother Georg.

Karaitas lives in a housing project in Fell (Upper-Breiðholt), Reykjavík and is struggling to take care of her children with her ex-husband trying to take custody of her kids. Garðar (Gísli Örn Garðarsson), who is struggling to wanting to change from his criminal life lives in Lower-Breiðholt and decides it's time to try and connect with his son. But, when he tries to change he realizes it can be harder than he thinks.

Chess

Chess is a two-player board game played on a chessboard, a checkered gameboard with 64squares arranged in an eight-by-eight grid. Chess is played by millions of people worldwide, both amateurs and professionals.

Each player begins the game with 16 pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns. Each of the six piece types moves differently. The most powerful piece is the queen and the least powerful piece is the pawn. The objective is to 'checkmate' the opponent's king by placing it under an inescapable threat of capture. To this end, a player's pieces are used to attack and capture the opponent's pieces, while supporting their own. In addition to checkmate, the game can be won by voluntary resignation by the opponent, which typically occurs when too much material is lost, or if checkmate appears unavoidable. A game may also result in a draw in several ways.

Chess is believed to have originated in India, some time before the 7th century; the Indian game of chaturanga is also the likely ancestor of xiangqi and shogi. The pieces took on their current powers in Spain in the late 15th century; the rules were finally standardized in the 19th century.

Latest News for: chess children

Drop-in Chess and Checkers. The Pleasantville library will hold a drop-in chess and checkers program daily Feb ... Younger children must be accompanied by an adult. Join in at the new chess/checker table in the ReadingRoom. Learn together, teach others or borrow a chess instruction book and teach yourself ... All children must be accompanied by an adult....

Her husband, who didn’t want to be named, and whose agency they didn’t want identified, had gone to pick up the children...Kelly’schildren ... As federal employees, we’re a pawn in a chess game,” said Cobb County resident DonnaBowman, senior information technology project manager for the U.S....

When Ryan Mecham grows up, he wants to be a detective or world-champion chess player ... Ryan recently competed in the NationalK-12GradeChess Championship and placed 12th out of 62 children in his age division ... These abilities are impressive, but they are dwarfed by his chess abilities....

As told to Mrs. Chaya Feigy Grossman ... He took a look at us and saw that we were children from the camp. He said to the farmer, what are these children doing here? The farmer was proud of his good deed and told the soldier that he had allowed us in ... The most important thing in life is middos and chessed ... My children, baruch Hashem follow in my footsteps....

2. One of the three new routes runs from the U.S ... to 5.30 p.m ...Kudos to Robert Bemben, Robin Ray and their son Alex for offering guidance and mentorship for the children’s chess club at the PetoskeyDistrictLibrary ... The club is open to children ages 8-18, and welcomes adult mentors or volunteers to help teach the game of strategy.Spirit of the season....

In our name, “teachers” unions lead angry marches supporting sanctuary cities, Antifa, abolishing ICE and they even inspired and organized the “March for our Lives” movement in which children abandoned learning to march against guns — whether their parents agreed or not ... So Joseph started an after-school chess club....

The over-crowded corridors, staircases and the vacant space in front of the IconPublic School at Seetharampurm were proof of the fact that chess is extremely popular among school children... The chess tournament conducted by The Hindu for schoolchildren at the Icon Public School attracted participation of 400 kids....

The game of chess is sort of like the game of golf when it comes to exposing one’s weaknesses, except that with chess there’s no luck involved ... As for me, I kind of lost interest in the game years ago, but my children are starting to change that ... Chess is a remarkable game, versions of which have been around for over a thousand years....

PETOSKEY — As Robert Bemben sees it, chess sells itself ... “Kids like to play chess.”. That statement is proven true every Monday at 3.30 p.m., when a dozen or so kids file into the children’s program room at the PetoskeyDistrictLibrary, sit down at checkered boards and learn to navigate their chess pieces and outmaneuver their opponents....