The only ethical principle which has made science possible is
that the truth shall be told all the time. If we do not penalize
false statements made in error, we open up the way, donít you
see, for false statements by intention. And of course, a false
statement of fact, made deliberately, is the most serious crime
a scientist can commit. Ė C.P. Snow

This chapter addresses research misconduct. Upon completion of this chapter, we hope that you can define and identify research misconduct, including fabricating and falsifying data, plagiarism, and abuses of confidentiality. We also hope you learn about institutional and federal consequences for research conduct.