railways

1. a) Describe the factors which decide the broad area of Scientific activity? (5)
b) Discuss briefly the scientific and technical achievements of the Bronze age (5)
2. a) Explain the factors that led to the decline of Science in Europe during iron age. (5)b) What were the main features of the social organization in the Gupta Empire that led to a great improvement in Science and Technology? Discuss briefly some development in astronomy during this period. (5)

3. a) Analyse the factors that impeded the growth of Science in India in the medieval times. (5)b) Compare the Indian and European societies of the period from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century and analyse the features of the then European society that helped the birth of modern Science. (5)

4. a) Discuss the shaping of Science and Technology policies in the post-independence phase of India. (5)

b) Describe the evolution of a neutron star. (5)5. a) Explain Darwin theory of natural selection. Why it was unacceptable to most people of that time? (5)

b) What is remote sensing and how does it help in exploration of various natural sources. (5)
6. a) Discuss how the application of scientific knowledge has made better agriculture possible under different conditions....

...THE RAILWAY CHILDREN BY EDITH NESBIT (CHAPTER SUMMARIES)
CHAPTER 4 : BOBBIE’S RIDE
* Two weeks later, the children write a message on another white sheet to tell the old gentleman that their mother is getting better.
* When the children tell their mother what they have done, she is very angry. She does not like the children to ask strangers for things.
* Mother writes a letter to the old gentleman to thank him.
* The next day is Bobbie’s birthday. Her family plan a surprise party for her.
* Everyone gives Bobbie a present. Peter gives Bobbie half his toy steam engine.
* That night, Bobbie goes downstairs to get her presents. She sees her mother looking unhappy. Bobbie returns to her room sadly.
* The next day, Bobbie takes Peter’s engine and goes to the place where the trains stop.
* Bobbie gets onto a train engine to speak to the train driver. The train moves and Bobbie falls onto a pile of coal.
* Bobbie cries in fright. The driver and the fireman calm her down and ask her why she is there.
* Bobbie shows them the broken toy engine and asks them if they can help to mend it. They say they can.
* After that, Bobbie enjoys her ride on the train. At Stackpoole Junction, the railwaymen put her on a train back home.
* Bobbie tells no one about her ride.
* Some weeks later, Bobbie takes her brother and sister to meet the driver and fireman. Peter is excited to see his engine mended.
* Only then does...

...rChap 1: The Beginning of things
The Railway Children
Answer the following questions
1. What did Peter get as his birthday present?
2. How did Father treat the children?
3. What was Father doing when the two gentlemen arrived?
4. Who left their family after their father went away?
5. What did Mother make the children promise to her?
6. Where did the three children and their mother move to after leaving London?
7. What did the children bring along with them to the countryside cottage?
8. What happened to them at the cottage upon their arrival?
Chap 2: Peter and the coal
The Railway Children
Answer the following questions
1. What did the children and their mother do when they could not find their supper?
2. What did the children do when they woke up the following morning?
3. Where did the children go after breakfast?
4. What was the function of the white line on the wall?
5. How did their mother provide for the family expenses?
6. Why didn’t the family light fires to keep their house warm during the wet rainy days?
7. What happened to Peter at the station yard?
8. What lesson did the children learn from the coal incident?
Chap 3: The Old Gentleman
The Railway Children
Answer the following questions
1. What did the children do when the trains going to London passed by?
2. Who waved back at the three...

...3.2 Construction Phase – 7yrs 3
3.3 Operationalisation Phase – 1 year 4
4.0 Key Stakeholders of the Project 4
4.1 Internal Stakeholders 5
4.2 External Stakeholders 6
5.0 Social Costs and Benefits 9
5.1 Social Costs 9
5.2 Social Benefits 11
6.0 Budget 12
7.0 Advise on Sourcing for Funding 12
8.0 Conclusion &amp; Recommendations to the Ministry 14
Table of Figures i
REFERENCES i
Executive Summary
The report examines the project terms and conditions for the proposed Underground Railway system in Kampala to eliminate fleet road congestions written for the Ministry of Works &amp; Transport (MOWT). The volume of traffic in Kampala has caused of fleet road congestion which is characterized by slow speeds, long trip times, and increased vehicular queuing.This has called for the Ministry to initiate a proposal to start an Underground Railway. The existing surface railway is dilapidated and was in November 2006 put under Riftvalley Railways concession for 25 years making any plans to reutilise or determine activities on it dependent on the concessioner. The space in Kampala is exhausetd because of road construction and unabated construction of new buildings. The Ministry has therefore proposed a 72 km underground tunnel which will elude constraints like ‘right of way’ payments, space availability and interference with the RVR concession.
The report enumerates the proposed management...

...
SAFETY PROBLEMS OF RAILWAY PASSANGERS IN EXPRESS RAILWAYS Although Indian Railways have progressed a lot, both quantitatively and qualitatively, during the last few years, this system is still plagued by a number of problems which require immediate attention.
A lot has been done, but a lot more is yet to be done. Some of the major problems faced by the Indian Railways are briefly discussed as under:
Safety
Indian Railways have been in the news albeit for wrong reasons. With the rapid increase in passenger and goods traffic, the frequency of train accidents is increasing very fast. This has raised serious doubts in the public mind about safety of Rail travel and the general health of the railway network.
The credibility of an organization with a long and proud history of nation building seriously eroded. In such a situation it is but natural to ask where the Railways are heading. Table 28.6 gives an overview of the major Railway accidents that occurred during the last one decade from 1995 to 2005. On an average the Railways report 20 major collisions, 350 derailments and around 80 level crossing accidents in a year. Attack on RailwaysThe Indian railways had to suffer a heavy loss of crores of rupees. The railways are attacked during the time of disturbances and violence's that arise in any part of the country. For...

...
MAKING
PAKISTAN RAILWAYS PROFITABLE
Concept Paper
I. Introduction
II. Problem Statement
III. Hypothesis
IV. Outline
V. Limitations & Scope
VI. Methodology
VII. Review of Literature
Introduction
The Public Transport plays a vital role in the infrastructure of any country. It provides the most crucial mode of transportation to the general public. The low income or even the middle-income group people rely heavily on the public transport for their travel needs. It is a crucial link between the different parts of a state. Pakistan was blessed with a vast network of Railway at the time of independence. More than 800 kilometers of rail tracks, more than 800 railway stations connected virtually all parts of the country, even the remotest parts of Baluchistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
The Railways with its massive network and growing population of the Country had a huge potential of expansion. It had the opportunity to become the leading mode of transport and becoming the commercially viable organization of the country.
The things somehow deteriorated after 1974. The year was the last time when the Railways posted a profit. The gap between its expenditure and earnings started growing and has now stretched to Rupees 15 Billion annually.
There is a sliver lining for the Railways as it still possesses the ability to turn around provided...

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Indian Railways |
Prepared By |
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Mahesh G |
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Contents
Scope: 2
Indian Railways - Background: 2
Market Structure: 6
Conclusion: 9
Bibliography: 10
Scope:
This brief study aims at analyzing the market structure of Indian Railways. It starts with the history of railways and explores the various characteristics of railways. It also provides a brief comparison of Indian railways vis-à-vis World Railway system.
Indian Railways - Background:
Indian railways come under the Ministry of Railways which is responsible for running rail network in India. The railway ministry is headed by railway minister of cabinet ranking. Of late, Indian railway has adopted the corporate style of working. Indian railway (IR) has been operating since 1853. The 64,015 kms of Indian rail network is the 4th largest in the world and it not only covers 28 states and 3 union territories, but also stretches up to Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan. As of 2005, IR owned a total of 222,379 wagons, 42,125 coaches and 7910 locomotives and ran a total of 14,444 trains daily, including about 8,702 passenger trains. Each year, the IR transports 7 billion passengers and 350 million tons of freight. These statistics clearly indicate the enormity, expansiveness and extensiveness...

...THE RAILWAY CHILDREN
SYNOPSIS
Roberta ( Bobbie), Peter and Phyllis lived in London with their loving parents. They were happy and contented. One day, two strangers came to their house and took their father away. After this sudden event, the children and their mother moved to a small house in the country. There was a railway line near their new house. The children became friends with the people who worked at the railway. They enjoyed waving to the passengers on the 9.15am train. An old gentleman who travelled on the train always waved back at them. This gentleman became their friend. The children had several adventures with the railway. They stopped the train when a landslide covered the tracks. They also saved a boy who was hurt in the train tunnel. The children often thought of their father . Then Roberta ( Bobbie ) found out why their father was taken away. She wrote to the old gentleman for help. With his help, their father finally returned to the family.
Character : Roberta @ Bobbie
· Responsible
Evidence: She takes charge and gets her siblings to think of a way to get their mother the things the doctor said she must have when she is ill.
·
Brave
Evidence: She runs onto the railway track to stop the train when a landslide covers the railway line.
·
Determined
Evidence: She is determined to get help so that she can help her...