Using sickle cell and thalassemia mouse models, researchers will evaluate the possibility of correcting these disorders by inserting healthy genetic material into the diseased blood cells. Human participants affected with sickle cell disease or thalassemia will donate bone marrow for use in the mouse models.

Human participants affected with sickle cell disease or thalassemia will donate bone marrow for use in the mouse models

Detailed Description:

These studies are designed to evaluate the potential of retroviral vector mediated gene transfer to correct the pathophysiology of sickle cell anemia and β-thalassemia. CD34+ cells purified from bone marrow of research participants with a sickle cell syndrome or a thalassemia syndrome will be transduced with retroviral vectors containing γ-globin coding sequences under the control of the β-globin gene promoter and including various regulatory elements chosen to enhance gene expression and to insulate regulatory elements from cellular genes at or near the integration sites. The efficiency of gene transfer and the function of the globin transgene will be evaluated in erythroid cells derived from transduced progenitors and from the progenitors in the bone marrow of immunodeficient mice engrafted with transduced, primitive hematopoietic cells. This study will evaluate whether a vector can be designed to achieve both a potentially therapeutic efficiency of gene transfer into repopulating cells and a potentially therapeutic level of globin gene expression in maturing erythroid cells.

Eligibility

Genders Eligible for Study:

Both

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients with homozygous S/S disease or doubly heterozygous for S and β thalassemia who are 5 years or older are eligible. Patients with HbE- β- thalassemia or homozygous (severe) β-thalassemia are also eligible. Patients with thalassemia include those who are transfusion dependent (major) or severely anemic but relatively transfusion independent (intermedia). Diagnostic criteria include standard hematological parameters, red cell indices, hemoglobin electrophoresis and quantitative determination of HbF and HbA2.

Patients are eligible for participation in the protocol only if they are currently clinically stable and have been free of all acute disease manifestations for a minimum of 14 days.

Patients may participate while continuing their current therapeutic regimen including regular transfusion therapy or hydroxyurea administration.

In general, two categories of patients will be considered as research participants in this protocol.

Patients who are 18 years or older and therefore able to provide informed consent will be eligible. Such individuals will be recruited from among patients followed at SJCRH. In addition, individuals followed in an outside clinic who are recruited will be asked to come to the Hematology Clinic at SJCRH to enroll and have the procedure performed. Alternatively, if a patient who is 18 or older is to undergo a diagnostic or surgical procedure under general anesthesia, and they agree to participate in the study, the bone marrow aspirate will be obtained at that time.

Patients between the ages of 5 and 17 years who are scheduled for a diagnostic or surgical procedure at SJCRH or LeBonheur Children's Medical Center for which sedation or general anesthesia is indicated will be eligible for protocol enrollment. A bone marrow aspiration will be performed during the sedation or general anesthesia for the diagnostic or surgical procedure.

Inability or unwillingness of the research participant or legal guardian/representative to give written informed consent will preclude enrollment on this research protocol.

Platelet count < 150,000/mm^3

Neutrophil count < 2000/mm^3 (unless on hydroxyurea therapy)

Neutrophil count < 1000/mm^3 for patients on hydroxyurea therapy

Prothrombin Time > 17 seconds

Partial thromboplastin Time > 43 seconds

History of excessive bleeding in the context of previous procedures including surgery and dental extractions

Contacts and Locations

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study.
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below.
For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00669305