Rome/Sabaudia [ENA] Bathing in the Mediterranean Sea brought about the maximum risk of squashing on a weeverfish, from now on, the risks are called pufferfish, porcupinefish, ocean sunfish, and triggerfish or new kinds of jellyfish. Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin. Its name derives from Tetraodontiformes, an order that includes pufferfish, porcupinefish, ocean sunfish, and triggerfish.

Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea

Several of these species transmit the toxin and are new entries in the Mediterranean Sea. Carybdea marsupialis, a small transparent jellyfish with a box-shaped bell with lethal filaments, Pterois miles (Devil firefish) just arrived from the Red Sea for example. The Mediterranean Sea alien species are giving essential information on biodiversity changes. Professor Adriano Madonna, marine biologist at the comparative endocrinology laboratory of the University Federico II in Naples and professor of biology and environmental sciences at I.T.S. Gaeta carried out longitudinal studies on the phenomenon of alien species in the Mediterranean Sea and in particular along the coasts of Lazio and Campania.

Professor Adriano Madonna, marine biologist

Adriano Madonna believes that Mediterranean is becoming again a tropical sea as it was millions of years ago. A new access door to the Mediterranean Sea has been opened: Suez Canal. Before the placement of dams on the river the yearly discharge varied by a factor of 15 at Aswan. Peak flows of over 8,212 m3/s (290,000 cu ft/s) occurred during late August and early September, and minimum flows of about 552 m3/s (19,500 cu ft/s) occurred during late April and early May. Before the second Aswan dam the discharge of the Nile was enormous and created a shield of fresh water in front of the Suez Canal which hindered the passage of Indo-Pacific species.

After the building of the Second Aswan dam fresh water has decreased and tropical fish are passing through the Mediterranean. Professor Madonna said that even the great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), commonly known as the great white or the white shark, gave birth to a Tiny Puppy a few miles from Gaeta(Italy). The puppy was found in a fishing net. So, The thousands of migrants who are crossing from Libya to Greece and Italy, not only risk drowning, but being eaten alive if reports are to be believed. Talk of sightings of the fearsome Great White Shark within the sea that separates northern Africa from Europe are no longer a myth.

Alien species of Indo-Pacific and Atlantic origin are sorted from the trash catches obtained by trawlers operating along the Mediterranean coastal area of Egypt (El-Arish, Damietta, Balteem and Rashid) during summer 2013 and 2014. Three new alien species for example were found in the fisheries of Egyptian Mediterranean waters; namely, Ostorhinchus fasciatus, Apogon smithi and the Atlantic species Bregmaceros sp.
There’s the need to work out how the interactions between different species will change in a warming Mediterranean Sea.