Sunday, November 11, 2007

German - English - Russian information portal focussing on all aspects of Electronics and Electrical Engineering. Presents daily news targeted at design engineers and managers in the fields of hardware and software engineering.

Wednesday, October 31, 2007

The LM136-2.5/LM236-2.5 and LM336-2.5 integrated circuits are precision 2.5V shunt regulator diodes. These monolithic IC voltage references operate as a low-temperature-coefficient 2.5V zener with 0.2 dynamic impedance. A third terminal on the LM136-2.5 allows the reference voltage and temperature coefficient to be trimmed easily.

The series is useful as precision 2.5-V low-voltage references (VZ) for digital voltmeters, power supplies, or operational-amplifier circuitry. The 2.5-V voltage reference makes it convenient to obtain a stable reference from 5-V logic supplies.

(This was used by me in the manufacture of Indicators and Controllers and was used in place of ICL8609 as that was not in supply)

Related Resources -

ETX, modification of electronic circuit - By changing the 2,5 Volt reference diode from a fixed LM385 to an adjustable LM336 of 2,5 V, The DC motor voltage and therefore the motor speed can be adjusted.

Precision Op-Amp Current Source - In this circuit we tackle the error indicated in the earlier Current Source. The LM336-2.5V eliminates the tiny error of the regulated supply and resistors. Thereby increasing Precision to a higher degree.

Sunday, September 30, 2007

The LM111, LM211 and LM311 are voltage comparators that have input currents nearly a thousand times lower than devices like the LM106 or LM710. They are also designed to operate over a wider range of supply voltages: from standard ±15V op amp supplies down to the single 5V supply used for IC logic.

Both the inputs and the outputs of the LM111, LM211 or the LM311 can be isolated from system ground, and the output can drive loads referred to ground, the positive supply or the negative supply. Offset balancing and strobe capability are provided and outputs can be wire ORed.

This page provides basic information about voltage comparator integrated circuits and is to act as reference material for other circuits. The circuits shown are based on the LM339 Quad Voltage Comparator chip or the LM393 Dual Voltage Comparator chip. These devices are functionally the same. The LM311 Voltage Comparator can be used for these applications as well but it also has a number of unique features.

An LM311 in a comparator circuit is shown at the right, with the pin numbers for the connections. The open-collector output is at pin 7, and the ground for this transistor is at pin 1. It is shown pulled up to the logic voltage of +5 with a 1k resistor, which is typical. The output of the LM311 can sink 8 mA. A comparator's output is essentially binary, YES or NO.

Saturday, September 29, 2007

A virtual 8051 is interfaced with virtual peripherals such as a keypad, motor, display, UART, etc. The student can write 8051 assembly code, step through the code and observe the effects each line has on the internal memory and the external peripherals.

The student can learn how to scan a keypad, multiplex 7-segment displays, control a motor and count its revolutions, etc.

A Note from the Developer - Jjames Rogers - ."While lecturing in electronics at IT Sligo, I searched the Internet for an 8051 simulator suitable for teaching but to no avail. I therefore decided to develop my own simulator for the basic 8051 with virtual peripherals attached to the four ports."

"After about a year's working on the project, on and off, the result was the EdSim51 simulator. I then put together a set of notes that are now the Beginner's Guide to the 8051on this website."

The SG3525A pulse width modulator control circuit offers improved performance and lower external parts count when implemented for controlling all types of switching power supplies. The on-chip +5.1 V reference is trimmed to +/-1% and the error amplifier has an input common-mode voltage range that includes the reference voltage, thus eliminating the need for external divider resistors. Half Bridge, Push-Pull.

The ICM7217 is a four digit, presettable up/down counter with an onboard presettable register continuously compared to the counter. The ICM7217 is intended for use in hard-wired applications where thumbwheel switches are used for loading data, and simple SPDT switches are used for chip control.

This circuit provides multiplexed 7 segment LED display outputs, with common anode or common cathode configurations available. Digit and segment drivers are provided to directly drive displays of up to 0.8 inch character height (common anode) at a 25% duty cycle.

The frequency of the onboard multiplex oscillator may be controlled with a single capacitor, or the oscillator may be allowed to free run. Leading zeros can be blanked. The data appearing at the 7 segment and BCD outputs is latched; the content of the counter is transferred into the latches under external control by means of the Store pin.

This is another Intersil Masterpiece in days when using uP was complex and uC was not available.A 8085 could be used but with many supporting chips and it consumed power. This was a CMOS innovation low on power and just one ASIC had the fexibility for many digital operations.A ThumbWheel and Display Interface completed a Gadget.

The DSO-2102 PC-Based Oscilloscopes connect to your desktop or laptop via the parallel port or USB port (optional). Both channels can operate at up to 100 Million Sa/s with a 32K sample buffer. The 2102M version includes a Spectrum Analyzer (FFT), Advanced triggering, Pass/Fail testing and displays many other useful characteristics of the data.

More at COMSOL

TCP/IP for 8 and 16 bit Embedded Engineers. - An introduction to the subject including descriptions of many of the most important protocols and which ones to use in particular situations with example Embedded Applications.

A series of Embedded Tutorials gives you a fast introduction to CPU families and new communications technologies.

Saturday, September 01, 2007

"As an engineer, I am always working on new things. So I am going to make some mistakes. But I find it very embarrassing to have to redo something because of a mistake that I could and *should* have avoided. ....."

John R. Barnes KS4GL

"My first book, Electronic System Design: Interference and Noise Control Techniques, concentrated on designing electronic equipment to work."

Monday, August 13, 2007

Samuel M. Goldwasser's latest and most fabulous "Notes on the Troubleshooting and Repair of..." series of comprehensive repair guides for consumer electronic equipment and other household devices. Detailed diagnostic and repair procedures are provided for: small electrical appliances, audio equipment, TVs, VCRs, CD players, computer monitors, microwave ovens, even lawn mowers - and much much more!

Sam's Laser FAQ has a great deal of information on a variety of laser and optics related topics including a comprehensive treatment of diode, helium-neon, argon/krypton ion, and CO2 lasers as well as amateur laser construction including numerous examples of truly home-built lasers. Much of this is not available anywhere else either on-line or in print!

Monday, August 06, 2007

The TUSB3210 is a USB-based controller targeted as a general-purpose MCU with GPIO. The TUSB3210 has 8K × 8 RAM space for application development. In addition, the programmability of the TUSB3210 makes it flexible enough to use for various other general USB I/O applications.

Operating as a unity gain follower, dc gain accuracy is 0.002% typical and acquisition time is as low as 6 µs to 0.01%. A bipolar input stage is used to achieve low offset voltage and wide bandwidth. Input offset adjust is accomplished with a single pin, and does not degrade input offset drift.

The wide bandwidth allows the LF198 to be included inside the feedback loop of 1 MHz op amps without having stability problems. Input impedance of 1010Ohm allows high source impedances to be used without degrading accuracy.

P-channel junction FET's are combined with bipolar devices in the output amplifier to give droop rates as low as 5 mV/min with a 1 µF hold capacitor. The JFET's have much lower noise than MOS devices used in previous designs and do not exhibit high temperature instabilities. The overall design guarantees no feed-through from input to output in the hold mode, even for input signals equal to the supply voltages.

Tuesday, July 03, 2007

The LM3914 is a monolithic integrated circuit that senses analog voltage levels and drives 10 LEDs, providing a linear analog display. A single pin changes the display from a moving dot to a bar graph. Current drive to the LEDs is regulated and programmable, eliminating the need for resistors. This feature is one that allows operation of the whole system from less than 3V.

The circuit contains its own adjustable reference and accurate 10-step voltage divider. The low-bias-current input buffer accepts signals down to ground, or V-, yet needs no protection against inputs of 35V above or below ground. The buffer drives 10 individual comparators referenced to the precision divider. Indication non-linearity can thus be held typically to ½%, even over a wide temperature range.Millivolt Meter using a LM3914 LED Dot Display

Monday, July 02, 2007

A collection of exceptional resources that will prove useful in your spread spectrum and other wireless projects, ranging from spread spectrum & CDMA tutorials, theory, and circuit diagrams, to development tools, OEM products, and consultants.

DiscoverCircuits, has 26,000 + electronic circuits or schematics cross-referenced into 500+ categories. As a vital resource for engineers, hobbyists, inventors & consultants, the site's collection of information will help you find quick solutions to electronic design problems.

Experiments with the PC power supply encouraged me to an "advancement " design. The new power supply is also a forward converter with a half-bridge topology. The difference to the modified PC power supply consists in the following items: Two power FETs instead of bipolar transistors used as power switches.

Wednesday, April 11, 2007

The site started in 1995 under the name of Interfacing the PC and was moved to beyondlogic.org on the 29th February 2000 where it has cemented itself as an established, up to date source of non-biased information.

The Falcom FSA03 GPS module is an extremely cost effective GPS solution for embedded systems. the FSA03 includes an uBlox 5 single chip GPS module integrated with a Sarantel quadrifilar helix antenna to make a tidy single board solution.

This site is the essential online resource for the full spectrum of information needed by design engineers, engineering managers, and upper management through each phase of the design cycle, from product-concept development to manufacturing.

"The first issue of Electrical Design News, the original name. was published May 1956 by Rogers Corporation of Englewood, Colorado.

The magazine and its website - EDN Network - cater to the needs of the working electrical engineer and cover new technologies and electronic component products at an engineering level. Columns discuss everything from managing engineers and engineering projects to technical issues faced in the design of electronic components, systems, and developing technologies."

Sunday, March 04, 2007

HARKIS is the product information system for many connector series manufactured by the HARTING Technology Group. HARKIS is designed to help you to find the products that matches your needs and to combine several parts and accessories properly, where it also can take care whether products are available from stock or not.

Wednesday, January 03, 2007

This website is the repository for the suite of open-source EDA (Electronic Design Automation) tools including Magic, IRSIM, Netgen, PCB, and XCircuit. These tools are all provided for free under the GNU Public License (GPL). Open Circuit Design is committed to keeping open-source EDA tools useful and competitive with commercial tools.

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