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Q. Why there are two ways to write "ji" and
"zu" for hiragana and katakana?

A. Both hiragana and
katakana have two ways
of writing "ji " and "zu." Although their sounds are
same in either writing, じ and ず are used most of the time. In a few rare cases
they are written ぢ and づ.

In a compound word, the second part of the word often changes the sound. If the second part of
word begins with "chi （ち）" or "tsu
（つ）," and it changes the sound to "ji" or "zu," it is written
ぢ or づ.

ko (small) + tsutsumi (wrapping)

kozutsumi (package)
こづつみ

ta (hand) + tsuna (rope)

tazuna (reins)
たづな

hana (nose) + chi (blood)

hanaji (bloody nose)
はなぢ

When "ji" follows "chi," or "zu" follows
"tsu" in a word, it is written ぢ or づ.