project_key: SOA
Try webservice_producer, message_02, and add a line to @OneWay method - System.out.println("ESB Message: " + SOAPProcessor.getMessage());
in server you will see the exception
10:37:05,422 WARNING [PhaseInterceptorChain] Application {http://webservice_producer/goodbyeworld}GoodbyeWorldWSService#{http://webservice_producer/goodbyeworld}sayGoodbyeWithoutResponse has thrown exception, unwinding now
org.apache.cxf.interceptor.Fault: ESB message not found!
at org.jboss.wsf.stack.cxf.AbstractInvoker.createFault(AbstractInvoker.java:209)
at org.jboss.wsf.stack.cxf.AbstractInvoker._invokeInternal(AbstractInvoker.java:174)
at org.jboss.wsf.stack.cxf.AbstractInvoker.invoke(AbstractInvoker.java:104)
at org.apache.cxf.interceptor.ServiceInvokerInterceptor$1.run(ServiceInvokerInterceptor.java:58)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
at org.apache.cxf.workqueue.SynchronousExecutor.execute(SynchronousExecutor.java:37)
at org.apache.cxf.interceptor.ServiceInvokerInterceptor.handleMessage(ServiceInvokerInterceptor.java:106)
at org.apache.cxf.phase.PhaseInterceptorChain.doIntercept(PhaseInterceptorChain.java:243)
at org.apache.cxf.phase.PhaseInterceptorChain.resume(PhaseInterceptorChain.java:218)
at org.apache.cxf.interceptor.OneWayProcessorInterceptor$1.run(OneWayProcessorInterceptor.java:100)
at org.apache.cxf.workqueue.AutomaticWorkQueueImpl$2.run(AutomaticWorkQueueImpl.java:253)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:636)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: ESB message not found!
at org.jboss.soa.esb.actions.soap.SOAPProcessor.getMessage(SOAPProcessor.java:349)
at org.jboss.soa.esb.samples.quickstart.webserviceproducer.webservice.GoodbyeWorldWS.sayGoodbyeWithoutResponse(GoodbyeWorldWS.java:41)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
at org.jboss.wsf.container.jboss50.invocation.InvocationHandlerJSE.invoke(InvocationHandlerJSE.java:120)
at org.jboss.wsf.stack.cxf.AbstractInvoker._invokeInternal(AbstractInvoker.java:154)
... 14 more
the issue is not present with two way messages.

The use of thread locals to pass ESB messages to invoked webservices is inherently broken and should be removed from the ESB codebase.
Any webservice stack is free to move one way invocations onto a separate thread, responding immediately on the original thread to the invoker.
This is what CXF has chosen to do in this instance.

I have created JBESB-3567 to have this functionality removed but, for this release, I believe we should add something to the documentation to state that this is not supported as part of a one way invocation and that it will be removed in a future release.