TRUDEAU PREACHES HIS OWN 'NEW FEDERALISM'

By HENRY GINIGER, Special to the New York Times

Published: March 1, 1982

OTTAWA, Feb. 28—
Canada also has a new federalism, according to Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau, and it has generated as big a furor as President Reagan's brand.

Unlike Mr. Reagan, Mr. Trudeau wants to increase the federal role in almost all fields and put a stop to what he calls the insatiable appetite of the 10 provinces for more power and money. Thursday, in announcing the end of cooperative federalism, he told a news conference that he had tried governing by consensus and cooperation and had been ''kicked in the teeth.''

''I thought we could build a strong Canada through cooperation,'' he said. ''I have been disillusioned.'' Instead of trying to please the provinces, Mr. Trudeau said, Ottawa will now try to please itself and ''hopefully those Canadian people who think there must be a Government of Canada that will have some powers and some tax room left.''

''And that,'' he said, ''is the new federalism, if you want to call it that.'' Quebec Aide to Visit U.S.

Among Mr. Trudeau's critics who have seen the new federalism coming for months is Quebec's new Minister for Intergovernmental Affairs, Jacques-Yvan Morin, who will make his first visit to the United States on Monday as a way of reaffirming Quebec's determination to resist federal encroachment and manage its own economic affairs.

Mr. Morin will visit New York and the New England states, primarily to promote such Quebec exports as iron ore, hydroelectricity and finished goods ''because we are the best salesmen of our products.''

In an interview in Quebec, Mr. Morin said, ''Mr. Trudeau is heading toward centralization, above all in the economic field, and we must therefore react by upholding as much as possible the Quebec government as the prime mover of our development.

''The best way to safeguard our powers of government,'' he added, ''is to exercise them.'' As the representative of a culturally distinct society, the Quebec government is more sensitive than most provincial governments to Ottawa's attempts in the last two years to impart stronger direction in such matters as constitutional change, energy projects, manpower training, post-secondary education and regional development. But the protests after the Prime Minister's remarks about ungrateful provinces were vehement everywhere. 'Destroying Federalism'

Joe Clark, the Progressive Conservstive opposition leader and former Prime Minister, accused Mr. Trudeau of ''destroying federalism'' and said, ''He does not have a mandate to break the nation.''

Ed Broadbent, head of the New Democratic Party, said Mr. Trudeau's remarks ''are destructive of the very essence of federalism.'' Premier Brian Peckford of Newfoundland said the Prime Minister was acting like ''a spoiled child,'' and Premier Richard Hatfield of New Brunswick said he was suffering from ''political senility.''

Alone among the provinces, Quebec is still trying to fight the new constitution that Ottawa drew up with the nine others in a compromise. After Quebec found itself isolated, its chief negotiator, Claude Morin, resigned as head of the intergovernmental affairs department and was replaced by Jacques-Yvan Morin, who is not related. Jacques-Yvan Morin, 51 years old, was a deputy premier and head of cultural development. He is an expert in constitutional and international law and received part of his education at Harvard University and Cambridge University.

At a news conference last week, Mr. Morin said that Quebec's survival as a distinct society was in danger. ''The federal offensive,'' he said, ''if it is not countered, will lead to the tranquil extinction of Quebec.'' More Exports to U.S. a Goal

To defend Quebec's interests, at a time when it is in a deep economic recession, Mr. Morin said that he was putting a new priority on increasing the province's commercial relations, particularly with the United States, which already takes 60 percent of the province's exports.

New York and several of the New England states, he said, have expressed an interest in buying more hydroelectricity on a permanent basis rather than only at certain times of the year. The domestic need for power is not rising as fast as predicted, he said, so that the province expects to have power to spare.

Mr. Morin, like all other members of the Quebec government, said he believed the real solution to the province's problem lay in independence. ''Quebec is going into a very difficult battle with the federal Government,'' he said, ''and it is a battle that is going to be won in the end in the arena of public opinion.''

Things are much clearer now, he said, because ''Ottawa is finally showing its true colors.'' A few days ago, the Parti Quebecois announced after a convention that independence would be the main issue at the next election and that it would be undertaken if a clear majority backed it. Mr. Morin said Quebec residents would be offered independence as an alternative to Mr. Trudeau's centralization.