Nepal

Nepal has a long history of drug use. Cannabis is sanctioned for use on certain religious occasions. The use of smoked opium has been quite common in the country. But drug use only began to be seen as a problem in the country in the mid-1960s and early 1970s with the influx of travelling hippies from Europe and the US.

It is hard to find reliable data about (injecting) drug use in Nepal. A recent nationwide mapping study estimated the number of people who inject drugs (PWID) to be in the range of 30,155–33,742. Among the PWIDs surveyed, a high proportion noted sharing needles/syringes and few reported using condoms (HSCB and NCASC, 2011).

The need for quality harm reduction services remains high in Nepal - despite comparatively low prevalence rates of HIV. Mainline works with its long-time partner Youth Vision in order to deliver clean needles and syringes and additional essential services through outreach workers in Kathmandu.

Reliable data

Because reliable data to base your programme on is hard to find, Mianline conducted its own mapping exercise in May 2016. This was done by a team of experts from Nai Zindagi (Pakistan), Mainline (the Netherlands) and Youth Vision (Nepal).

We estimated the number of people who inject drugs in Kathmandu Valley and conducted a behavioural and bio-medical survey. Read the results here

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Mainline in Nepal

Mainline has a long history in Nepal that starts in 2006. Over the years, our partner Youth Vision specialised in the distribution of Opioid Substitution Treatment (OST). This work is still ongoing and Youth Vision secured funding for this from other sources. Mainline’s focus with Youth Vision shifted in 2016 to setting up an effective, high-quality Needle and Syringe Exchange (NSP).

Our current projects

Train-the-trainer programme

In 2017, Mainline launched its first international train-the-trainer (ToT) programme. The objective of the programme is to develop the in-house training capacity of local partner organisations, making Mainlines capacity building efforts more sustainable in the long term.

Vietnam

Advocacy for women who use drugs in the MENA region

Mainline works with the Middle East and North Africa Harm Reduction Association (MENAHRA) to improve the position of women who use drugs (WWUD). We designed a manual for local organisations in the MENA region. The aim of this manual is to provide practical guidelines to advocate for harm reduction services for women.

Indonesia

Tanzania

Harm reduction in Tanzania: a delicate balance
Under the Bridging the Gaps 2 programme, Mainline aspires to support harm reduction services in Tanzania. To fully understand the opportunities, needs and socio-political circumstances, Mainline organised two scoping visits in 2016. The situation for people who use drugs in the United Republic of Tanzania is delicate.

Chemsex

In the gay scene the use of drugs during sex is a growing worldwide phenomenon. Here, the emergence of the practise of crystal meth and injecting drugs (slamming) is striking. On dating apps and websites, men seek other men with the same intentions for sex, often using screening terms such as ‘high and horny’, ‘party and play’, ‘chems-friendly’, ‘chems, party’, ‘chill out’ or ‘sleazy sex’. Among professionals, sex under the influence of drugs by men who have sex with men (MSM) is known as 'chemsex'.

Harm reduction for stimulant users

A MAINLINE-GIZ STUDY

With the support of the Global Partnership on Drug Policies and Development (GPDPD), a project implemented by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, a team of three Mainline researchers conducted a study into effective harm reduction interventions for stimulant users. The study includes a review of the evidence for different harm reduction strategies for stimulants and a detailed description of seven good practices in different world regions.

Bridging the Gaps2: 2016 - 2020

The Bridging the Gaps programme started its second phase in January 2016 and will continue to 2020. The shared goals remain the same as the first programme: to improve the health and rights of people who use drugs, sex workers and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people. The Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs fundsBridging the Gaps. Mainline is one of the lead organisations to focus on the health and rights of people who use drugs.

Nepal

Nepal has a long history of drug use. Cannabis is sanctioned for use on certain religious occasions. The use of smoked opium has been quite common in the country. But drug use only began to be seen as a problem in the country in the mid-1960s and early 1970s with the influx of travelling hippies from Europe and the US.

Georgia

Transition management in Georgia: everyone deserves a second chance!

Everyone deserves a second chance in life. But how can you best support people who were just released from prison? What does quality support look like where it comes to the rehabilitation and resocialisation of inmates, former inmates and probationers? And what level of additional support does a person who uses drugs need in this process? A new project in Georgia intends to set the standard.

Multi-country study on harm reduction and community involvement

Funded by Bridging the Gaps and set to take place in four countries - Indonesia, Kyrgyzstan, South Africa and the UK – this study aims to understand how involvement of people who use drugs can influence the quality and availability of harm reduction services.

Mainline: doping in recreational sports

Although evidence is somewhat scattered, the use of performance and image enhancing drugs (PIEDs) is long said to be on the rise in the recreational sport scene. It concerns substances that help people lose weight and/or build stronger muscles. Mainline is part of a new European project that aims to test two online interventions around PIED use.

Kenya

South Africa

The main drugs of choice in South Africa are alcohol, cannabis, heroin and methamphetamine. Methamphetamine is locally known as tik. Most heroin is smoked mixed with cannabis, a popular mix called whoonga, cocktail or nyope. Heroin injection, however, has been increasing in recent years.

Innovations in Pakistan

Harm reduction programmes to improve the health and rights of People Who Use Drugs (PWUD) show similarities all over the world. In countries where PWUD lack access of quality harm reduction services; are being criminalised; and human rights are being violated, Mainline works hard to promote health and rights to the often ostracised and hidden populations.

Georgia

Back to Society

Over two years ago, a new government came to power in Georgia. Many prisoners were then released at a rapid pace. They were not well prepared for their release and encountered problems with reintegration. Among these persons were many who use drugs.

The Netherlands & Belgium

Prevention of GHB overdose

In the Netherlands and Belgium, the number of young people frequently using gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) has been rising. GHB is used in nightlife. It is estimated that in the Netherlands alone there is a group of 22,000 people who use GHB daily and who have developed a strong physical dependence on GHB.

Georgia

Hepatitis C care for PUD

From 2014 till 2015 Mainline, together with its local partner Tanadgoma, implemented a series of interventions around Hepatitis C (HCV). The aim of the project was to understand the gaps and barriers to enrolment in the care cascade of hepatitis C prevention and treatment from the community perspective.

The Netherlands

Strong connections between use of drugs and unsafe sex work

On the initiative of Mainline, Prostitutie & Gezondheidscentrum 292 / Prostitution & Health Centre 292, P&G292 carried out a survey of male and transgender sex workers between November 2013 and February 2014 in close cooperation with the Public Health Service of Amsterdam (GGD).

Humanity First

Georgia

Between 2010 and 2012, Mainline worked with Alternative Georgia and Tanadgoma on the project ‘Humanity First’.
The goal of the project was the promotion of respect for the human rights of drug users and more specifically the prevention of unnecessary repression of drug users by the authorities.

Harm Reduction in Ukraine

Ukraine

Worldwide, Ukraine is among the countries with the highest percentage of prisoners. Fifteen percent of the Ukrainians with HIV are imprisoned. Most of these were infected due to unsafe use of drugs. Among prisoners and prison personnel there is a lack of knowledge of HIV or related topics such as tuberculosis, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and hepatitis A, B, and C.

Strengthening bilateral relations between the police and CSOs

Bosnia

In 2012, Mainline cooperated with Association PROI in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In Bosnia there is still only little cooperation between the police and advocacy groups working on behalf of drug users and sex workers.

Introducing the Continuum of Care

Moldova

Moldova is a small country between Romania and Ukraine with approximately four million inhabitants. It is estimated that between half a million and one million Moldovans live abroad. Many young people and children grow up with only one parent or no parents around. These young people are vulnerable to becoming drug users and to all of the risks that this involves.

Training in Serbia

Serbia

Approximately one hundred thousand drug users live in the Serbian capital city of Belgrade. They are frequently denied medical care. This is the case partly because drug users do not have the required papers and partly due to social workers' prejudices about and fear of drug users.