..Two main factors discussed in this review may help public health efforts to ensure desirable vitamin D levels for fall and fracture prevention, including (1) a sufficient dose of vitamin D and (2) improved adherence to supplementation...

..While estimates suggest that 2000 IU vitamin D3 per day may successfully and safely achieve this goal, the implications of 2000 IU or higher doses for the total adult population need to be addressed in future studies...

..Ideally, the target range for 25-hydroxyvitamin D should be at least 75 nmol l(-1), which may need more than 700-1000 IU vitamin D in individuals with severe vitamin D deficiency or those overweight...

..Current intake recommendations of 200 to 600 IU vitamin D per day may be insufficient for important disease outcomes reduced by vitamin D...

Health effects of vitamin D

Heike Bischoff-FerrariCentre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich and Department of Rheumatology and Institute of Physical Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, SwitzerlandDermatol Ther 23:23-30. 2010

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Effect of high-dosage cholecalciferol and extended physiotherapy on complications after hip fracture: a randomized controlled trial

..91 (95% CI 0.81-1.01). Our conclusion is that in our meta-analysis of cohort studies, there was no overall association between milk intake and hip fracture risk in women but that more data are needed in men...

..0001; men = 0.0001). Among men and women, 25(OH)D status seems to be the dominant predictor of BMD relative to calcium intake. Only women with 25(OH)D concentrations <50 nM seem to benefit from a higher calcium intake...

Milk consumption during teenage years and risk of hip fractures in older adults

..Falls among elderly individuals occur frequently, increase with age, and lead to substantial morbidity and mortality. The role of vitamin D in preventing falls among elderly people has not been well established...

A higher dose of vitamin d reduces the risk of falls in nursing home residents: a randomized, multiple-dose study

..Thus, improving functional status prior to surgery through exercise may improve after surgery outcome. However, results from several previous trials testing the concept have been inconclusive after surgery...

..This may have been partly due to early complications after surgery. However, the outcome-prediction tool may be useful in helping patients to become better informed about the realistic outcome of their THR...

Association between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and periodontal disease in the US population