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Keeping oxygen saturation low for the first few weeks of a preterm infant's life and then high later on reduces the risk of severe retinopathy of prematurity, a systematic review and meta-analysis in Pediatrics found. The researchers found that timing and oxygen saturation level were important for significant ROP risk reduction.

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A meta-analysis in the British Journal of Dermatology revealed no significant increases in the rates of major congenital malformations, stillbirth, low birth weight, prematurity, spontaneous abortion or elective termination of pregnancy when women were exposed to topical retinoids during pregnancy.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of 63 randomized clinical trials examining diabetic patients and antihypertensive drugs that appeared in British Medical Journal found that ACE inhibitors may help patients with diabetes more than other antihypertensive drugs. Researchers noted that ACE inhibitors fared better than placebo in reducing creatinine doubling, while beta-blockers were associated with increased risk of death in patients with diabetes.

Clinical trial participants who took fish oil supplements had higher blood adiponectin levels than those in control groups, a meta-analysis of 14 studies found. Higher levels of adiponectin in the bloodstream have been connected to reduced risk of diabetes and coronary heart disease, but whether omega-3 fatty acids lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes remains unclear, lead author Jason Wu said.

Biphasic insulin, basal insulin and glucagon-like peptide 1 analogs control blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes, but GLP-1 analogs also encourage weight loss without raising the risk of hypoglycemia, a meta-analysis found. The results were published in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.

Spanish researchers found that acute geriatric units run by specialized multidisciplinary teams help reduce the risk of functional decline at discharge among elderly patients with acute medical disorders. The meta-analysis found that such units provided a higher level of attention to patient functioning, diagnosis and treatment, as well as integrated planning of discharge.