Remember that either and infinitive or an – ing form may be used as the subject of a sentence or clause.

The Formula : s ( Infinitive) + V

S (-ing) + V

Example :

v To Study a mandarin language is very difficult

v Studying language English well need seriousness

Problem 60 (QUALIFYING PHRASES WITH-ING NOUNS)

Remember that – ingform may be used as a noun, in some grammar books, the –ing form is called a gerund. Remember that –ing form are usually noncount nouns are not preceded by the unless followed by a qualifying phrases.

The Formula : The + -ing + Of Noun ( Qualifying Phrases)

Example :

The Writing Of Letters is an art

Probem 61 ( NOMINAL THAT CLAUSE)

Remember that sometimes that subject of a verb is a single noun. Other time it is a long noun phrase or a long noun clause.

One example of long noun clause is the nominal that clause. Like all clauses, the nominal that clause has a subject and verb. The nominal that clause function as the main subject of the main verb which follows it.