THE CATEGORIES OF CULTURAL TERMS IN RATIH KUMALA’S GADIS KRETEK NOVEL IN DESCRIBING THE CIGGARETE HISTORY IN INDONESIA

Diana Hardiyanti, Yunita Nugraheni, Mangatur Nababan, Riyadi Santosa

Abstract

This research is aimed to identify cultural terms in Ratih Kumala‟s Gadis Kretek, to classify the cultural terms in Ratih Kumala‟s Gadis Kretek based on Newmark classification and to describe the role of the use of those cultural terms in depicting the cigarette culture and history in Indonesia, especially in Java. Ratih Kumala‟s Gadis Kretek was published in 2012. It tells about the history of cigarette in Indonesia through the perspective of the life of one of cigarette producer in building his own business. The data were collected by using documentation analysis intake-note method. There are 363 cultural terms found in Ratih Kumala‟s Gadis Kretek. Those terms were classified into cultural categorization stated by Newmark, they are material concept, social culture, religious terms, activity, and ecology. The result shows that the cultural terms in Ratih Kumala‟s Gadis Kretek are successfully categorized by using Newmark classification. However, there are some cultural terms that do not fit any of that Newmark classification. Therefore, it is deemed to necessary to add two more categories, based on the research finding, to the original ones. Gadis Kretek novel is written in Bahasa Indonesia, however Ratih Kumala as the author of Gadis Kretek Novel uses the cultural terms, not only in Bahasa Indonesia but also in Javanese, to describe the cigarette culture and history in Indonesia. It is necessary for the author to use cultural terms in their own language to expound the real situation.