Mobilised people and technology can minimise the threat. In August this year, a top-ranking executive at a UK-based energy supplier became the latest victim of an AI-powered vishing attack, wiring $US 243,000 (€220,000) to cyber criminals.

In certain circumstances, inception bar phishing can be extremely convincing. Although cyber criminals spoof URLs through various means, none are without their flaws. URLs such as amazzon.com, for example, are obvious to people-centric security cultures. Punycode URLs, meanwhile, are easily unmasked by modern browsers.