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In multivariate analyses among stage IC patients, failure to receive chemotherapy and microvessel density were associated with disease-specific survival, time to recurrence, and time to distant recurrence with hazard ratios of 4.8 to 44.1.

CONCLUSIONS: The p53-dependent molecular markers of angiogenesis are of limited utility in developing a clinical strategy for postoperative management of stage I ovariancarcinoma.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECTIVE: Currently available tumor markers for ovarian cancer are still inadequate in both sensitivity and specificity to be used for population-based screening.

In this paper, an ANN model was evaluated for its performance in detecting early stageepithelialovarian cancer using multiple serum markers.

The four tumor marker values were then used as inputs to an ANN derived using a training set from 100 apparently healthy women, 45 women with benign conditions arising from the ovary and 55 invasive epithelialovarian cancer patients (including 27 stage I/II cases).

An independent test data set from 98 apparently healthy women and 52 early stageepithelialovarian cancer patients (38 stage I and 4 stage II invasive cases and 10 stage I borderline ovarian tumor cases) was used to evaluate the ANN.

At a fixed specificity of 98%, the sensitivities for ANN and CA 125II alone were 71% (37/52) and 46% (24/52) (p=0.047), respectively, for detecting early stageepithelialovarian cancer, and 71% (30/42) and 43% (18/42) (p=0.040), respectively, for detecting invasive early stageepithelialovarian cancer.

CONCLUSIONS: The combined use of multiple tumor markers through an ANN improves the overall accuracy to discern healthy women from patients with early stage ovarian cancer.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Analysis of gene expression in early-stage ovarian cancer.

PURPOSE: Gene expression profile was analyzed in 68 stage I and 15 borderline ovarian cancers to determine if different clinical features of stage I ovarian cancer such as histotype, grade, and survival are related to differential gene expression.

Cyclin E and minichromosome maintenance protein 5, whose expression was found previously to be related to a bad prognosis of advanced ovarian cancer, appear to be potential prognostic markers in stage I ovarian cancer too, independent of other pathologic and clinical variables.

For stage I ovarian cancer, intracystic NO levels >80 microM were more frequent than NO levels <80 microM, and iNOS expression in well-differentiated carcinomas was greater than in moderately/poorly differentiated carcinomas (P < .05).

These data suggest an important role for NO in ovarian carcinogenesis.

SEARCH STRATEGY: Trials were identified by searching the Cochrane Gynaecological Cancer Group Trials Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), The Cochrane Library Issue 2, 2007, MEDLINE (January 1990 to November 2007), EMBASE (1990 to November 2007), LILACS (1990 to November 2007), BIOLOGICAL ABSTRACTS (1990 to November 2007) and Cancerlit (1990 to November 2007).

SELECTION CRITERIA: Studies including patients with histologically proven stage I ovarian cancer according to the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO).Studies comparing laparoscopic surgery with laparotomy for early stage ovarian cancer were only available from 1990.

It was anticipated that a very small number of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted studying the management of early stage ovarian cancer.

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: This review has found no evidence to help quantify the value of laparoscopy for the management of early stage ovarian cancer as routine clinical practice.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Impact of initial surgical access on staging and survival of patients with stage I ovarian cancer.

We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with stage I ovarian cancer treated surgically between 1985 and 2001, and we included those patients with stage Iepithelialcancer for whom follow-up data were available.

Despite of inaccurate radicality and staging during initial laparoscopy, this study found no harmful influence of laparoscopy as first initial access on outcomes of patients with stage I ovarian cancer.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of tumor capsule rupture on disease prognosis in stage Iepithelialovarian cancer.

METHODS: All patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage Iepithelialovarian cancer operated on at the Mayo Clinic and The Ohio State University between January 1991 and December 2007 were identified.

Disease-free survival and disease-specific survival were shortest for stage IC cases with positive cytology, surface involvement, or both, that also had intraoperative rupture.

CONCLUSION: In stage Iepithelialovarian cancer, intraoperative capsule rupture portends a higher risk of disease recurrence and death from disease.

Careful intraoperative removal of ovarian masses is important, and recognizing the higher-risk nature of such cases is imperative.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Laparoscopic and laparotomic staging in stage Iepithelialovarian cancer: a comparison of feasibility and safety.

The aim of this study was to compare laparoscopic and laparotomic surgical staging in patients with stage Iepithelialovarian cancer in terms of feasibility and safety.

A retrospective chart review was undertaken of all patients with apparent stage Iepithelialovarian cancer who underwent laparoscopic (laparoscopy group) or laparotomic (laparotomy group) surgical staging at the Center for Uterine Cancer, National Cancer Center, Korea, between January 2001 and August 2006.

However, two patients with stage IA grade 1 and 2 disease in laparoscopy group had recurrence with one patient dying of disease.

This is the first report on the possible hazards of laparoscopic staging in early-stage ovarian cancer.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Association of lymphadenectomy and survival in stage I ovarian cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the survival impact of lymphadenectomy in women diagnosed with clinical stage I ovarian cancer.

RESULTS: A total of 6,686 women had clinical stage I ovarian cancer (median age 54 years, range 1-99).

Epithelial tumors were present in 85.8% of the women, and 2,862 (42.8%) patients underwent lymphadenectomy.

More specifically, lymphadenectomy improved the survival in those with non-clear cell epithelialovarian cancer (85.9% to 93.3%, P<.001) but not in those with clear cell carcinoma, germ cell tumors, sex cord stromal tumors, and sarcomas.

On multivariable analysis, the extent of lymphadenectomy was a significant prognostic factor for improved survival, independently of other factors such as age, stage, histology, and grade of disease.

CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that women with stage I non-clear cell ovarian cancers who underwent lymphadenectomy had a significant improvement in survival.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate preoperative CA125 as a prognostic factor in stage Iepithelialovarian cancer (EOC).

Preoperative serum CA125 levels from 118 women with FIGO (International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics) stage I EOC were analysed and the prognostic value was evaluated and compared with other prognostic factors (age, grade, substages, histologic type).

By the Kaplan-Meier estimate we demonstrated that patients with stage I EOC and preoperative serum CA125 levels <65 U/mL had a significantly longer survival compared to stage I EOC patients with preoperative serum CA125 > or = 65 U/mL (p=0.01).

The results from the present study may be useful for decision making respecting postoperative chemotherapy in stage I EOC patients.

Serum CA125 levels might therefore be included as a prognostic factor in future clinical trials of stage I EOC.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Prognostic importance of preoperative CA-125 in International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage Iepithelialovarian cancer: an Australian multicenter study.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the prognostic significance of preoperative CA-125 levels on overall survival of patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage Iepithelialovarian cancer (EOC).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data from 518 patients with FIGOstage I EOC treated in seven gynecologic oncology centers throughout Australia between 1990 and 2002 were analyzed.

Patients with borderline tumors and nonepithelial ovarian carcinomas were excluded, as were women in whom CA-125 had not been determined preoperatively.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The aim of this prospective study was to determine the clinical benefits of introducing peroperative frozen section analysis into the surgical management policy of women referred with an adnexal mass suspicious of ovarian cancer.

All primary epithelialovarian cancers were correctly identified as requiring a staging procedure based on the frozen section result.

Four of seventy-four cases reported as benign on frozen section analysis were underdiagnosed; two were later diagnosed on paraffin section as borderline tumors and a further two as malignant (one low-grade adenosarcoma and one primary peritoneal cancer).

The clinical benefits of introducing frozen section analysis in the surgical staging policy of women with an adnexal mass suspicious of ovarian malignancy included avoidance of a surgical staging procedure in 95% of cases identified on paraffin section analysis to be benign.

This benefit was without compromising the avoidance of chemotherapy in true stage Iepithelialovarian cancer cases.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study on stage Iepithelialovarian cancer (EOC) was to see if our different treatment policies after 1995, when lymph node staging and paclitaxel were introduced, have affected the survival, try to define risk groups for relapse and who should get adjuvant chemotherapy (AC).

METHODS: A retrospective study based on record information from all patients with invasive EOC stage I operated at the Norwegian Radium Hospital (NRH) 1984-2001, in total 252 patients.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with Stage I low and medium risk EOC do not need AC if properly staged.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze clinicopathologic patterns of early ovariancarcinoma.

Ninety-eight percent of ovarian endometriosis, 95% of endometrial carcinomas, and 83% of endometrial polyps and hyperplasias were associated with nonserous carcinomas.

Most patients with serous papillary carcinoma presented with asymptomatic pelvic masses; patients with nonserous carcinomas presented with pelvic pain or abnormal vaginal bleeding with or without pelvic mass.

CONCLUSION(S): Over two thirds of stage I ovarian carcinomas were nonserous, and were diagnosed because of associated symptoms: pelvic pain with endometriosis and/or adnexal masses, or vaginal bleeding from endometrial pathology.

Serous papillary carcinomas were often asymptomatic and diagnosed during follow-up evaluations in breast cancer patients.

Stage I ovariancarcinoma has different clinical and pathologic patterns than advanced ovariancarcinoma.

The risk of ovarian and endometrial malignancy should be taken into consideration during evaluation of patients with endometriosis and breast cancer histories.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Pathology of stage I versus stage III ovariancarcinoma with implications for pathogenesis and screening.

The progression of ovariancarcinoma from stage I when it is confined to the ovaries and curable to disseminated abdominal disease, which is usually fatal, is poorly understood.

An accurate understanding of this process is fundamental to designing, testing, and implementing an effective screening program for ovarian cancer.

Pathologic features of the primary ovarian tumors in 41 FIGOstage I ovarian carcinomas were compared with those in 40 stage III carcinomas.

The primary ovarian tumors in stage I cases, when compared with stage III, respectively, were significantly larger (15.4 versus 9.8 cm), were less frequently bilateral (12% versus 75%), more frequently contained a noninvasive component (88% versus 30%), had a higher proportion of a noninvasive component (42% versus 8%), and were more often nonserous (83% versus 20%) (P < 0.001 for all five comparisons).

There are significant pathologic differences between the primary ovarian tumors in stage I and III ovarian carcinomas that are very difficult to explain by a simple temporal progression.

These findings along with the growing body of literature suggest that early- and advanced-stage ovarian cancers are in many instances biologically different entities.

This knowledge may have significant implications for our understanding of the biology of early- and advanced-stage ovarian cancer and therefore on the development of screening strategies for ovarian cancer.

CONCLUSION: Our data confirm that fertility-sparing surgery is a safe treatment for stage IA patients with favorable histology and suggest that stage IA patients with clear cell histology and stage IC patients with favorable histology can be candidates for fertility-sparing surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Endometrioid carcinoma simultaneously involving ovaries as well as the uterine corpus may present a diagnostic dilemma because of the difficulty in determining whether the lesions are separate primary tumors or metastases.

To determine the usefulness of this technique, we compared the genetic alterations in microsatellite markers present in matched pairs of ovarian tumors from 12 patients.

The study includes four ovarian cancerFIGOstage I and eight stage III/IV patients, and four patients also with independent endometrial carcinoma of the uterus.

In the four patients with stage I ovarian cancer, four microsatellite markers were identical in one patient and three were identical in the remaining three patients.

In high-stage patients, three markers were identical in at least 4/8 cases.

In three of four patients with uterine involvement, three of the four markers were identical in the uterine tumor and one of the corresponding ovarian tumors.

Positive rates were more often found in patients with serous (67%) compared with patients with mucinous BOTs (39%) and in patients with advanced stage (83%) compared with patients with stage I BOTs (47%) (both P < 0.001, Pearson chi(2) test).

From a clinical perspective, we believe, on base of the results of this study and the literature, that preoperative discrimination using CA-125 level is especially difficult between patients with stage I ovarian cancer and the group of patients with serous and/or advanced-stage BOTs.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

BACKGROUND: Most cases of ovarian cancer are detected at later stages when the 5-year survival is approximately 15%, but 5-year survival approaches 90% when the cancer is detected early (stage I).

RESULTS: We discovered several biomarker panels that enabled differentiation of stage I ovarian cancer from unaffected (age-matched) patients with no evidence of ovarian cancer, with positive results in >93% of samples from patients with disease-negative results and in 97% of disease-free controls.

We sought to determine those stage I EOC cases at highest risk of failing 3 cycles of therapy.

METHODS: All patients with surgical International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I EOC operated on at the Mayo Clinic and The Ohio State University between January 1991 and December 2007 were identified through retrospective chart review.

Among all stage I EOCs, the number of cycles did not influence disease-free survival or disease-specific survival.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with stage IC cancer and with fixed tumors and positive cytology and/or tumor surface involvement appear to have a higher risk of recurrence after 3 cycles (compared with 6) of platinum-based chemotherapy.

The clinical behavior of this highest risk cohort implies a more aggressive tumor biology, and further understanding of such stage I EOCs is warranted.

Significance Analysis of Microarrays was performed to determine differentially expressed genes in stage I serous carcinoma, and class prediction analysis was performed to determine the predictive value of differentially expressed gene sets to correctly classify serous carcinoma from borderline tumors in 3 independent data sets.

Supervised analysis identified several known, as well as novel, genes differentially expressed in stage I ovarian cancer.

Pathway analysis demonstrated the significance of p53 and E2F pathways in serous carcinogenesis and significant involvements of cell cycle and immune response pathways in stage I serous epithelialovarian cancer.

CONCLUSION: We have identified differentially expressed genes associated with the carcinogenesis of high-grade stage I serous EOC.

Furthermore, integrative analysis of biological and transcription pathway data contributed to the confirmation of important biological pathways and discovery of additional unique genes and pathways that may have potential importance in ovarian pathogenesis and biomarker development.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] A randomized study of screening for ovarian cancer: a multicenter study in Japan.

Ovarian cancer is common in women from developed countries.

We designed a prospective randomized controlled trial of ovarian cancer screening to establish an improved strategy for the early detection of cancers.

Asymptomatic postmenopausal women were randomly assigned between 1985 and 1999 to either an intervention group (n = 41,688) or a control group (n = 40,799) in a ratio of 1:1, with follow-up of mean 9.2 years, in Shizuoka district, Japan.

In December 2002, the code was broken and the Shizuoka Cohort Study of Ovarian Cancer Screening and Shizuoka Cancer Registry were searched to determine both malignant and nonmalignant diagnoses.

Detection rates of ovarian cancer were 0.31 per 1000 at the prevalent screen and 0.38-0.74 per 1000 at subsequent screens; they increased with successive screening rounds.

Among the 40,779 control women, 32 women developed ovarian cancer.

The proportion of stage I ovarian cancer was higher in the screened group (63%) than in the control group (38%), which did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.2285).

This is to our knowledge the first prospective randomized report of the ovarian cancer screening.

The rise in the detection of early-stage ovarian cancer in asymptomatic postmenopausal women is not significant, but future decisions on screening policy should be informed by further follow-up from this trial.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of hospital procedure volume and other prognostic variables on overall survival outcome and likelihood of receiving standard recommended care among patients with advanced-stageepithelialovarian cancer.

METHODS: The National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) was searched for patients undergoing primary treatment for FIGOStage IIIC/IV epithelialovarian cancer from 1996 to 2005.

Any multiloculated, complex or solid ovarian mass, as well as persistently cystic mass >5 cm in diameter, in which the echo architecture and/or blood flow pattern was not highly suggestive of a benign histology, was categorized malignant.

Three stage I patients had a palpable abnormality on clinical examination.

Furthermore, in three patients with stage I disease, CA 125 serum value was elevated (> or =35 U/mL).

Three-dimensional ultrasonography and power Doppler, as well as TVUS findings were indicative of malignancy in all 5 patients with stage I ovarian cancer, whereas TVCD finding was false-negative in 2 patients with stage I disease.

CONCLUSION: Application of 3D ultrasonography and power Doppler imaging in patients with "positive" standard ultrasound tests (annual TVUS, followed by TVCD in selected cases) represents a novel approach for the early and accurate detection of ovarian cancer through screening.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] The expression of six biomarkers in the four most common ovarian cancers: correlation with clinicopathological parameters.

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of fascin-1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, cortactin, survivin, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression with clinicopathological parameters for the four most common ovarian surface epithelial carcinomas.

The four most common ovarian carcinomas showed significant expression of fascin-1, cortactin, survivin, and EGFR, but not of MMP-2 and MMP-9.

In addition, higher immunostaining scores for fascin-1 in mucinous cystadenocarcinomas correlated with T stage, N stage, American Joint Committee on Cancer AJCC clinical stage, and a poorer survival rate; for cortactin in serous cystadenocarcinomas correlated with T stage; for cortactin in clear cell carcinomas correlated with T and clinical AJCC stages; and for survivin in clear cell carcinomas correlated with T stage and AJCC clinical stage.

Thus, the expression of fascin-1, cortactin, and survivin may be helpful in evaluating the aggressiveness of ovarian mucinous, serous, and clear cell adenocarcinoma.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Significance of serum CA125 and TPS antigen levels for determination of overall survival after three chemotherapy courses in ovarian cancer patients during long-term follow-up.

PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: To evaluate the prognostic significance for overall survival rate for the marker combination TPS and CA125 in ovarian cancer patients after three chemotherapy courses during long-term clinical follow-up.

METHODS: The overall survival of 212 (out of 213) ovarian cancer patients (FIGO Stages I-IV) was analyzed in a prospective multicenter study during a 10-year clinical follow-up by univariate and multivariate analysis.

RESULTS: In patients with ovarian cancerFIGOStage I (34 patients) or FIGOStage II (30 patients) disease, the univariate and multivariate analysis of the 10-year overall survival data showed that CA125 and TPS serum levels were not independent prognostic factors.

In the FIGOStage III group (112 patients), the 10-year overall survival was 15.2%; while in the FIGOStage IV group (36 patients) a 10-year overall survival of 5.6% was seen.

For patients in this combined FIGOStage III + IV group having both markers below respective discrimination level, 35.3% survived for more than ten years, as opposed to patients having one marker above the discrimination level where the 10-year survival was reduced to 10% of the patients.

CONCLUSION: In FIGO III and IV ovarian cancer patients, only patients with CA 125 and TPS markers below the discrimination level after three chemotherapy courses indicated a favorable prognosis.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECTIVES: Although cancer is predominantly a disease of aging, an increasing number of women survive malignancies before or during their reproductive years, which may interfere with their fertility potential.

Although a variety of studies have tried to document the impact of conservative treatment aimed at preserving ovarian function and reproductive ability, little information has been available regarding survivors' attitudes, emotions, and choices to have children.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the reproductive history, experiences, attitudes, and emotions with regard to having children in conservatively treated patients with Stage Iepithelialovarian cancer, any stage LMP tumors, malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs) and Stage I sex cord-stromal tumors (SCSTs).

STUDY DESIGN: Between 1986 and 2000, a total of 75 patients with primary malignant ovarian tumors underwent conservative treatment.

Whereas 51% (21/41) fear that their ovarian disease could have damaged their reproductive potential, 76% (31/41) are not concerned about the effects of the treatment they received on offspring.

CONCLUSION: The results from our study, in agreement with the data from the literature, confirm that management of Stage I (grade 1, grade 2) epithelialovarian cancer, any stage LMP tumors, MOGCTs and Stage I SCSTs with fertility-sparing surgery is a safe, practicable treatment option.

Though preliminary, this survey provides insight into the attitudes and experiences of young women ovarian cancer survivors regarding fertility.

CONCLUSION: This questionnaire-based study showed that PET-CT imaging allows a better restaging than CT and induces a change in clinical management in over one third of patients with suspected ovariancarcinoma recurrence on increased CA-125.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The most important known risk factor for ovarian cancer is the BRCA1-2 mutation, which is clinically often manifested through a positive family history of cancer of the breast and/or ovary.

Whether other risk factors and prognostic factors in women with a positive family history of cancer of the breast and/or ovary and/or with BRCA1-2 mutation are important remains to be elucidated.

Recent studies have shown that in the double primary breast and ovarian cancer (DPBOC), BRCA1-2 mutation is present in at least 86% of cases.

Therefore, the group of patients with DPBOC, especially with epithelialovarian cancer and breast cancer, is the most suitable for such an analysis.

The aim of this study was to verify the hypothesis that, in this group, some other risk factors, in addition to a specific family history of cancer, as well as unfavourable pathomorphological prognostic factors, are more expressed than in a control group of patients with sporadic epithelialovarian cancer only.

METHODS: We compared the study group of 31 patients with DPBOC (epithelialovarian cancer) to a control group of 62 patients with a single, sporadic epithelialovarian cancer and negative specific family history.

The data were obtained from the Cancer Registry of Slovenia and from clinical records.

There was a higher percentage of borderline significance of women from the study group that developed ovarian cancer between 45 and 59 years of age.

In the study group, ovarian cancer was significantly more often found at Stage I, although the groups did not differ in detection procedures.

CONCLUSION: The results did not confirm our hypothesis, yet they indicated some differences between the groups regarding the risk factors for ovarian cancer.

Regarding the prognostic factors, we even found a significantly higher percentage of Stage Iepithelialovarian cancer in the study group, with no difference in the mode of detection.

Considering the results that are not typical of BRCA-related cancer (what double primary cancer of the ovary and breast is supposed to be) and previous reports, we find it more likely that the patients with BRCA1-2 mutations represent only a subgroup within the group of patients with double primary breast and ovarian cancer.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the outcomes of patients with Stage Ic epithelialovariancarcinoma, taking into consideration the criteria that were used to assign staging.

We hypothesized that tumor rupture is a less ominous prognosticator in early-stageepithelialovarian cancer than malignant washings or ovarian surface invasion.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with Stage Iepithelialovariancarcinoma at the University of Minnesota between 1990 and 2005 was carried out.

Information was collected about demographics, diagnosis date, stage, grade, adjuvant treatment, last contact date and status at last contact.

RESULTS: One hundred and seventeen patients with Stage Iepithelialovarian cancer were identified and included in this review.

1) patients with Stage Ic cancers, so-assigned because of intraoperative tumor rupture only, 2) patients with Stage Ic cancers, so-assigned for any other reason(s) than rupture alone, and 3) patients with Stages Ia and Ib cancers.

CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort of patients, the risk of tumor recurrence in patients with Stage Ic epithelialovarian cancer, so-assigned because of intraoperative rupture alone, is not significantly different from the two other groups of patients with Stage I disease.

We report a previously unrecognized case of HC of ovary concurrent with a Sertoli cell tumor.

CASE REPORT: A 42-year-old woman patient with a long-term history of hepatitis C presented with a mass of left ovary without evidence of hepatic tumor.

After initial diagnosis of primary ovariancarcinoma (FIGOStage I), she had experienced a first recurrence in upper abdomen.

A diagnosis of ovarian metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma is easy in patients with known primary tumor of liver and should be always excluded in these cases as an hepatoid variant of yolk sac tumor.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

We used this method to analyze pooled sera from a human disease study set (high-risk persons without cancer, n = 40; stage I ovarian cancer, n = 30; stage III ovarian cancer, n = 40) to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach as a discovery method.

Several proteolytic fragments of larger molecules that may be cancer-related were confirmed immunologically in blood by Western blotting and peptide immunocompetition.

BRCA2, a 390-kDa low-abundance nuclear protein linked to cancer susceptibility, was represented in sera as a series of specific fragments bound to albumin.