2007 -- A NOVEL VIRAL PATHOGEN FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF THE HOUSE FLY, MUSCA DOMESTICANON TECHNICAL SUMMARY: Musca domestica is an economically important insect pest of livestock and poultry. Throughout the United States, this insect is also considered a nuisance pest at the rural/urban interface and is a recognized vector of various food-borne and vertebrate diseases. Due to the high costs associated with insecticide use and application, the increasing resistance of filth fly pests to insecticides, and the increasing environmental concern of both producers and consumers, there has been growing interest in cultural and biological control methods as alternative management strategies. This project is designed to provide insight as to how the endemic MdSGHV influences the mating behavior and reproductive fitness of adult female house flies and how it affects the intrinsic rate of increase of the host The development of a novel microbial control agent as an environmentally sound management strategy will help to achieve decreased inputs for livestock and poultry protection.http://www.reeis.usda.gov/web/crisprojectpages/210302.html

1981 -- One-year survey of enteroviruses, adenoviruses, and reoviruses isolated from effluent at an activated-sludge purification plant.ABSTRACT: Samples of raw sewage, primary effluent, and secondary effluent from a large activated-sludge purification plant near Melbourne (Victoria, Australia) were collected every second week for 1 year. Viruses were detected in all secondary effluent samples and in six of seven samples obtained after final chlorination. Adenoviruses (85% reduction) and reoviruses (28% reduction) were removed less efficiently by this treatment process than were enteroviruses (93% reduction). In addition, 57 of 171 samples of effluent tested were positive for either adenoviruses or reoviruses, or both, when enteroviruses were not isolated. This clearly shows that the use of enteroviruses as sole indicators of viruses in water may miss up to one-third of instances of viral contamination. Enteroviruses and adenoviruses were isolated most frequently in HeLa-R cell cultures, whereas reoviruses were most often isolated in primary monkey kidney cells.Appl Environ Microbiol. 1981 January; 41(1): 51-59http://aem.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/41/1/51