The History
In the 1920s, the idea of personality
type was being explored by leading scientists
and philosophers. A Swiss psychiatrist,
Carl Jung, wrote Psychological Types during
that time, in which he gave a detailed
description of what has now become one
of the most widely used typologies in
the world.

In the 1940s, Isabel
Myers began developing a self-report questionnairethe
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator® instrumentthat
could help people find where they fit
in Jung's theory. The use of this
instrument has led to an almost universal
understanding that there are sixteen basic
personality types, each of which can be
'named' by a four-letter personality
type code.

Two
Worlds
Jung first noticed that people seemed
fundamentally different in terms of whether
they were more extraverted, oriented to
the external world of people and experiences
outside themselves, or introverted, oriented
to their internal worlds of thoughts,
ideas, feelings, and memories. Then he
noticed more differences in terms of what
people were doing in each of those worlds.
These he called "functions."
They are now thought of as cognitive processes.

The
Instrument
As Isabel Myers and her mother, Katharine
Briggs, began to craft a self-report instrument,
they faced several challenges. They had
to take what Jung had seen as an integrated
whole personality pattern and try to figure
out how to ask questions to get at that
whole. They chose to focus on Jung's
notion of opposites and force choices
between equally valuable psychological
opposites. They also added a dichotomy
to help reveal the type pattern. The result
was sixteen types, each indicated by a
four-letter code such as ENFP or ISTJ.

Type as a Whole Pattern,
Not Just Four Letters
The purpose of this website is to help
you understand how the type codes represent
patterns of how we use the eight cognitive
processesextraverted Sensing, introverted
Sensing, extraverted iNtuiting, introverted
iNtuiting, extraverted Thinking, introverted
Thinking, extraverted Feeling, and introverted
Feeling.

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reactions and relevant data; recognizing
"what is." Noticing what
was available, trying on different
items, and seeing how they look.

Si

Introverted
Sensing: Reviewing past experiences;
"what is" evoking "what
was"; seeking detailed information
and links to what is known; recalling
stored impressions; accumulating data;
recognizing the way things have always
been. Remembering the last time you
wore a particular item or the last
time you were at a similar eventmaybe
even remembering how you felt then.

Ne

Extraverted
iNtuiting: Interpreting situations
and relationships; picking up meanings
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and interconnections; being drawn
to change "what is" for
"what could possibly be";
noticing what is not said and threads
of meaning emerging across multiple
contexts. Noticing the possible meanings
of what you might wear: "Wearing
this might communicate "

Extraverted
Thinking: Segmenting; organizing
for efficiency; systematizing; applying
logic; structuring; checking for consequences;
monitoring for standards or specifications
being met; setting boundaries, guidelines,
and parameters; deciding if something
is working or not. Sorting out different
colors and styles; thinking about
the consequences, as in "Since
I have to stand all day "

or model; figuring out the principles
on which something works; checking
for inconsistencies; clarifying definitions
to get more precision. Analyzing your
options using principles like comfort
or "Red is a power color."

Fe

Extraverted
Feeling: Connecting; considering
others and the group-organizing
to meet their needs and honor their
values and feelings; maintaining societal,
organizational, or group values; adjusting
to and accommodating others; deciding
if something is appropriate or acceptable
to others. Considering what would
be appropriate for the situation:
"One should or shouldn't
wear " or "People will
think "

Fi

Introverted
Feeling: Valuing; considering
importance and worth; reviewing for
incongruity; evaluating something
based on the truths on which it is
based; clarifying values to achieve
accord; deciding if something is of
significance and worth standing up
for. Evaluating whether you like an
outfit or not: "This outfit suits
me and feels right."