main branches and Basic Principles of Biology

May 20th, 2015

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The word biology is derived from the greek words /bios/ meaning /life/ and /logos/ meaning /study/ and is defined as the science of life and living organisms. An organism is a living entity consisting of one cell e.g. bacteria, or several cells e.g. animals, plants and fungi.

BiologyFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaFor other uses, seeBiology (disambiguation).Biology deals with the study of the many varieties of livingorganisms. Clockwise from top left:Salmonella typhimurium,Phascolarctos cinereus,Athyrium filix-femina,Amanita muscaria,Agalychnis callidryas, andBrachypelma smithiBiologyis anatural scienceconcerned with the study oflifeand livingorganisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy.[1]Biology is a vast subject containing many subdivisions, topics, and disciplines. Among the most important topics are five unifying principles that can be said to be the fundamental axioms of modern biology:[2]1. Cellsare the basic unit of life2. New species and inherited traits are the product ofevolution3. Genesare the basic unit ofheredity4. An organismregulatesits internal environment to maintain a stable and constant condition5. Living organisms consume and transformenergy.Subdisciplines of biology are recognized on the basis of the scale at which organisms are studied and the methods used to study them:biochemistryexamines the rudimentary chemistry of life;molecular biologystudies the complex interactions of systems of biological molecules;cellular biologyexamines the basic building block of all life, thecell;physiologyexamines the physical and chemical functions of thetissues,organs, andorgan systemsof an organism; a