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When an investigation was carried out, Clinton claimed no email she sent or received through the server had been classified.

The FBI investigation later concluded this was not true, accusing Clinton and her aides of being "extremely careless in their handling of very sensitive, highly classified information".

Clinton never fully tackled this issue head-on, despite being given ample opportunity to do so.

While she admits she made a "mistake", she never issued an adequate justification for it.

She could have said she felt it was more reliable and efficient to use a personal email server, and that she ultimately let her desire for convenience override her judgment.

During a May 26 interview with ABC reporter Liz Kreutz, Clinton said "it was allowed" and that the rules had been clarified only in the aftermath.

While it's technically true that no one explicitly told her it was forbidden, it wasn't necessarily permitted either.

The State Department's independent watchdog concluded that she had failed to seek legal approval for her use of the private server, and said she would not have been given permission to do so had she asked.

The FBI has amounted this to "extreme carelessness" rather than a deliberate or malicious act, but her statements in the aftermath were still false.

Here's our simple video guide to understanding the American presidential election system

CLINTON'S 'IMMIGRANT GRANDPARENTS' CLAIM

Speaking at a business roundtable in Iowa last year, Clinton claimed all her grandparents had immigrated to the United States.

"I think if we were to just go around this room, there are a lot of immigrant stories," she said. "All my grandparents, you know, came over here, and you know my grandfather went to work in a lace mill in Scranton, Pa., and worked there until he retired at 65. He started there when he was a teenager and just kept going. So I sit here and I think well you're talking about the second, third generation. That's me, that's you."

At a roundtable last year, Hillary Clinton wrongfully claimed all her grandparents were immigrants. Photo / AP

But a Buzzfeed analysis of Clinton's census and military records on Ancestry.com revealed this was not truthful; only her paternal grandfather was an immigrant.

A spokesperson later told Buzzfeed: "(Clinton's) grandparents always spoke about the immigrant experience and, as a result she has always thought of them as immigrants.

"As has been correctly pointed out, while her grandfather was an immigrant, it appears that Hillary's grandmother was born shortly after her parents and siblings arrived in the U.S. in the early 1880s."

THE CLINTON HEALTH CONSPIRACY

Perhaps the biggest "viral conspiracy" of the election campaign is that of Clinton's health.

The rumours date back to 2012, when Clinton suffered a concussion and was prescribed blood thinners to dissolve a blood clot that subsequently developed behind her right ear.

This eventually inspired rumours of brain damage that continue to make the rounds, largely in the form of bloggers' videos.

The rumours reached a peak after Clinton was filmed fainting and stumbling into a vehicle after leaving a 9/11 memorial. Her team initially said she was "overheated" but it later announced she had been suffering from pneumonia.

Donald Trump has played up the rumours about Clinton's health, asserting that she lacks the "physical and mental stamina" for the top job.

But physicians for both presidential candidates have confirmed they are healthy enough to run for office.

"(Clinton) is in excellent physical condition and fit to serve as president of the United States," wrote Dr. Lisa Bardack.

There is no other concrete evidence to suggest she may lack the physical stamina for president.

TRUMP SAYS OBAMA 'FOUNDED ISIS'

One of Donald Trump's more outrageous repeated political claims is that Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama are the "founders of ISIS".

At a rally in Broward County earlier this year, he said it six times in succession.

"ISIS is honoring President Obama," he said. "He is the founder of ISIS. He is the founder of ISIS, okay? He is the founder. He founded ISIS. And I would say the cofounder would be crooked Hillary Clinton."

There is no solid evidence of large-scale voter fraud being committed. As Politifact points out, actual instances of voter fraud - such as voter impersonation, bought votes and ballot stuffing - are extremely rare and typically unintentional.

That said, Trump's Twitter is notoriously known as a free-for-all playground.