Peace had not long broken out when the King persuaded the Scots Presbyterians to invade on his side. Smaller
pro-royalist revolts had broken out in Wales and south east England but were
quickly crushed

This time it was Cromwell who led the army. he crossed the Penines
with 8,600 men after a 350 mile march through mud and rain in less than
a month.

He placed his army between the Scots and their route home.
he acted quickly and completely routed the royalist force.

This was Generalship of the highest order and was a
startling victory of an enemy force twice his size. he claimed only 200 of his
own men killed.

After this the king fled to Scotland but was handed over to
parliament for a sum of 40,000 Scottish pounds.

Though Cromwell was initially favour of negotiating with the king,
he later sided with those who wished to try him for treason.

The balance of power shifted in parliament thanks to
'Prides' purges of Presbyterians, the king was tried and executed.

The Execution of King Charles I

An act which prompted the Scots to rebel on the side of Charles II

Fairfax had opposed the execution of the King and stood
down as commander of the New Model Army.