Caesar cipherCaesar cipher, is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques.
The transformation can be represented by aligning two alphabets,
the cipher alphabet is the plain alphabet rotated left or right by some number of positions.
When encrypting, a person looks up each letter of the message in the 'plain'
line and writes down the corresponding letter in the 'cipher' line. Deciphering is done in reverse.
The encryption can also be represented using modular arithmetic
by first transforming the letters into numbers, according to the scheme, A = 0, B = 1,..., Z = 25.
Encryption of a letter x by a shift n can be described mathematically as
Plaintext: honeycombed

cipher variations:

ipofzdpncfe

jqpgaeqodgf

krqhbfrpehg

lsricgsqfih

mtsjdhtrgji

nutkeiushkj

ovulfjvtilk

pwvmgkwujml

qxwnhlxvknm

ryxoimywlon

szypjnzxmpo

tazqkoaynqp

ubarlpbzorq

vcbsmqcapsr

wdctnrdbqts

xeduosecrut

yfevptfdsvu

zgfwqugetwv

ahgxrvhfuxw

bihyswigvyx

cjiztxjhwzy

dkjauykixaz

elkbvzljyba

fmlcwamkzcb

gnmdxbnladc

Decryption is performed similarly,
(There are different definitions for the modulo operation.
In the above, the result is in the range 0...25. I.e., if x+n or x-n are not in the range 0...25,
we have to subtract or add 26.)
Read more ...Atbash CipherAtbash is an ancient encryption system created in the Middle East.
It was originally used in the Hebrew language.
The Atbash cipher is a simple substitution cipher that relies on
transposing all the letters in the alphabet such that the resulting alphabet is backwards.
The first letter is replaced with the last letter, the second with the second-last, and so on.
An example plaintext to ciphertext using Atbash:

Baconian CipherTo encode a message, each letter of the plaintext is replaced by a group of five of the letters 'A' or 'B'.
This replacement is done according to the alphabet of the Baconian cipher, shown below.

Affine CipherIn the affine cipher the letters of an alphabet of size m are first mapped to the integers
in the range 0..m - 1. It then uses modular arithmetic to transform the integer that each plaintext
letter corresponds to into another integer that correspond to a ciphertext letter.
The encryption function for a single letter is
where modulus m is the size of the alphabet and a and b are the key of the cipher.
The value a must be chosen such that a and m are coprime.Considering the specific case of encrypting messages in English (i.e. m = 26),
there are a total of 286 non-trivial affine ciphers, not counting the 26 trivial Caesar ciphers.
This number comes from the fact there are 12 numbers that are coprime with 26 that are less than 26
(these are the possible values of a). Each value of a can have 26 different addition shifts (the b value)
; therefore, there are 12*26 or 312 possible keys.Plaintext: honeycombed

cipher variations:

ipofzdpncfe

wronvhrlenk

ktovrltjgvq

yvodnpvhidw

mxoljtxfklc

azotfxzdmti

cdojxfdzqju

qfortjfxsra

ehozpnhvuzg

sjohlrjtwhm

glophvlryps

unoxdznpaxy

jqpgaeqodgf

xspowismfol

lupwsmukhwr

zwpeoqwijex

nypmkuyglmd

bapugyaenuj

depkygearkv

rgpsukgytsb

fipaqoiwvah

tkpimskuxin

hmpqiwmszqt

vopyeaoqbyz

krqhbfrpehg

ytqpxjtngpm

mvqxtnvlixs

axqfprxjkfy

ozqnlvzhmne

cbqvhzbfovk

efqlzhfbslw

shqtvlhzutc

gjqbrpjxwbi

ulqjntlvyjo

inqrjxntaru

wpqzfbprcza

lsricgsqfih

zurqykuohqn

nwryuowmjyt

byrgqsyklgz

paromwainof

dcrwiacgpwl

fgrmaigctmx

tiruwmiavud

hkrcsqkyxcj

vmrkoumwzkp

jorskyoubsv

xqragcqsdab

mtsjdhtrgji

avsrzlvpiro

oxszvpxnkzu

czshrtzlmha

qbspnxbjopg

edsxjbdhqxm

ghsnbjhduny

ujsvxnjbwve

ilsdtrlzydk

wnslpvnxalq

kpstlzpvctw

yrsbhdrtebc

nutkeiushkj

bwtsamwqjsp

pytawqyolav

datisuamnib

rctqoyckpqh

fetykceiryn

hitockievoz

vktwyokcxwf

jmteusmazel

xotmqwoybmr

lqtumaqwdux

zstciesufcd

ovulfjvtilk

cxutbnxrktq

qzubxrzpmbw

ebujtvbnojc

sdurpzdlqri

gfuzldfjszo

ijupdljfwpa

wluxzpldyxg

knufvtnbafm

ypunrxpzcns

mruvnbrxevy

atudjftvgde

pwvmgkwujml

dyvucoyslur

ravcysaqncx

fcvkuwcopkd

tevsqaemrsj

hgvamegktap

jkvqemkgxqb

xmvyaqmezyh

lovgwuocbgn

zqvosyqadot

nsvwocsyfwz

buvekguwhef

qxwnhlxvknm

ezwvdpztmvs

sbwdztbrody

gdwlvxdpqle

ufwtrbfnstk

ihwbnfhlubq

klwrfnlhyrc

ynwzbrnfazi

mpwhxvpdcho

arwptzrbepu

otwxpdtzgxa

cvwflhvxifg

ryxoimywlon

faxweqaunwt

tcxeaucspez

hexmwyeqrmf

vgxuscgotul

jixcogimvcr

lmxsgomizsd

zoxacsogbaj

nqxiywqedip

bsxquascfqv

puxyqeuahyb

dwxgmiwyjgh

szypjnzxmpo

gbyxfrbvoxu

udyfbvdtqfa

ifynxzfrsng

whyvtdhpuvm

kjydphjnwds

mnythpnjate

apybdtphcbk

oryjzxrfejq

ctyrvbtdgrw

qvyzrfvbizc

exyhnjxzkhi

tazqkoaynqp

hczygscwpyv

vezgcweurgb

jgzoyagstoh

xizwueiqvwn

lkzeqikoxet

nozuiqokbuf

bqzceuqidcl

pszkaysgfkr

duzswcuehsx

rwzasgwcjad

fyziokyalij

ubarlpbzorq

idazhtdxqzw

wfahdxfvshc

khapzbhtupi

yjaxvfjrwxo

mlafrjlpyfu

opavjrplcvg

cradfvrjedm

qtalbzthgls

evatxdvfity

sxabthxdkbe

gzajplzbmjk

vcbsmqcapsr

jebaiueyrax

xgbieygwtid

libqaciuvqj

zkbywgksxyp

nmbgskmqzgv

pqbwksqmdwh

dsbegwskfen

rubmcauihmt

fwbuyewgjuz

tybcuiyelcf

habkqmacnkl

wdctnrdbqts

kfcbjvfzsby

yhcjfzhxuje

mjcrbdjvwrk

alczxhltyzq

onchtlnrahw

qrcxltrnexi

etcfhxtlgfo

svcndbvjinu

gxcvzfxhkva

uzcdvjzfmdg

ibclrnbdolm

xeduosecrut

lgdckwgatcz

zidkgaiyvkf

nkdscekwxsl

bmdayimuzar

podiumosbix

rsdymusofyj

fudgiyumhgp

twdoecwkjov

hydwagyilwb

vadewkagneh

jcdmsocepmn

yfevptfdsvu

mhedlxhbuda

ajelhbjzwlg

oletdflxytm

cnebzjnvabs

qpejvnptcjy

steznvtpgzk

gvehjzvnihq

uxepfdxlkpw

izexbhzjmxc

wbefxlbhofi

kdentpdfqno

zgfwqugetwv

nifemyicveb

bkfmickaxmh

pmfuegmyzun

dofcakowbct

rqfkwoqudkz

tufaowuqhal

hwfikawojir

vyfqgeymlqx

jafyciaknyd

xcfgymcipgj

lefouqegrop

ahgxrvhfuxw

ojgfnzjdwfc

clgnjdlbyni

qngvfhnzavo

epgdblpxcdu

srglxprvela

uvgbpxvribm

ixgjlbxpkjs

wzgrhfznmry

kbgzdjbloze

ydghzndjqhk

mfgpvrfhspq

bihyswigvyx

pkhgoakexgd

dmhokemczoj

rohwgioabwp

fqhecmqydev

tshmyqswfmb

vwhcqywsjcn

jyhkmcyqlkt

xahsigaonsz

lchaekcmpaf

zehiaoekril

nghqwsgitqr

cjiztxjhwzy

qlihpblfyhe

eniplfndapk

spixhjpbcxq

grifdnrzefw

utinzrtxgnc

wxidrzxtkdo

kzilndzrmlu

ybitjhbpota

mdibfldnqbg

afijbpflsjm

ohirxthjurs

dkjauykixaz

rmjiqcmgzif

fojqmgoebql

tqjyikqcdyr

hsjgeosafgx

vujoasuyhod

xyjesayulep

lajmoeasnmv

zcjukicqpub

nejcgmeorch

bgjkcqgmtkn

pijsyuikvst

elkbvzljyba

snkjrdnhajg

gpkrnhpfcrm

urkzjlrdezs

itkhfptbghy

wvkpbtvzipe

yzkftbzvmfq

mbknpfbtonw

adkvljdrqvc

ofkdhnfpsdi

chkldrhnulo

qjktzvjlwtu

fmlcwamkzcb

tolkseoibkh

hqlsoiqgdsn

vslakmsefat

juligquchiz

xwlqcuwajqf

zalgucawngr

ncloqgcupox

belwmkesrwd

pgleiogqtej

dilmesiovmp

rkluawkmxuv

gnmdxbnladc

upmltfpjcli

irmtpjrheto

wtmblntfgbu

kvmjhrvdija

yxmrdvxbkrg

abmhvdbxohs

odmprhdvqpy

cfmxnlftsxe

qhmfjphrufk

ejmnftjpwnq

slmvbxlnyvw

honeycombed

vqnmugqkdmj

jsnuqksifup

xuncmoughcv

lwnkiswejkb

zynsewyclsh

bcniwecypit

penqsiewrqz

dgnyomgutyf

ringkqisvgl

fknogukqxor

tmnwcymozwx

The decryption function iswhere a - 1 is the modular multiplicative inverse of a modulo m. I.e., it satisfies the equationThe multiplicative inverse of a only exists if a and m are coprime.
Hence without the restriction on a decryption might not be possible.
It can be shown as follows that decryption function is the inverse of the encryption function,Read more ...

ROT13 CipherApplying ROT13 to a piece of text merely requires examining its alphabetic
characters and replacing each one by the letter 13 places further along in the alphabet,
wrapping back to the beginning if necessary. A becomes N, B becomes O, and so on up to M,
which becomes Z, then the sequence continues at the beginning of the alphabet: N becomes A,
O becomes B, and so on to Z, which becomes M. Only those letters which occur in the English
alphabet are affected; numbers, symbols, whitespace, and all other characters are left unchanged.
Because there are 26 letters in the English alphabet and 26 = 2 * 13, the ROT13 function is its own inverse:

Polybius SquareA Polybius Square is a table that allows someone to translate letters into numbers.
To give a small level of encryption, this table can be randomized and shared with the recipient.
In order to fit the 26 letters of the alphabet into the 25 spots created by the table, the letters
i and j are usually combined.

1

2

3

4

5

1

A

B

C

D

E

2

F

G

H

I/J

K

3

L

M

N

O

P

4

Q

R

S

T

U

5

V

W

X

Y

Z

Basic Form:

Plain:

honeycombed

Cipher:

3243335145314323215141

Extended Methods:Method #1

Plaintext: honeycombed

method variations:

ntskdhtrgki

syxpinywmpo

xdcuosdbrut

cihztxigwzy

Method #2Bifid cipherThe message is converted to its coordinates in the usual manner, but they are written vertically beneath:

h o n e y c o m b e d
3 4 3 5 4 3 4 2 2 5 4
2 3 3 1 5 1 3 3 1 1 1

They are then read out in rows:
3435434225423315133111Then divided up into pairs again, and the pairs turned back into letters using the square:

Permutation CipherIn classical cryptography, a permutation cipher is a transposition cipher in which the key is a permutation.
To apply a cipher, a random permutation of size E is generated (the larger the value of E the more secure the cipher).
The plaintext is then broken into segments of size E and the letters within that segment are permuted according to
this key.
In theory, any transposition cipher can be viewed as a permutation cipher where E is equal to the
length of the plaintext; this is too cumbersome a generalisation to use in actual practice, however.
The idea behind a permutation cipher is to keep the plaintext characters unchanged,
butalter their positions by rearrangement using a permutation
This cipher is defined as:Let m be a positive integer, and K consist of all permutations of {1,...,m}For a key (permutation) , define:
The encryption function The decryption function A small example, assuming m = 6, and the key is the permutation
:The first row is the value of i,
and the second row is the corresponding value of (i)The inverse permutation, is constructed by interchanging the two rows,
andrearranging the columns so that the first row is in increasing order, Therefore, is:
Total variation formula: e = 2,718281828 , n - plaintext length