وهى الجملة التى تبدأ بفاعل : He said "I will leave now "تحولSay………………… say Says ……………….says Say to …………….. tellSays to …………….. tellsSaid …………………. SaidSaid to ……………… told ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------نحذف القوسين ونربط بـ that ( ويمكن عدم استخدامها ) He says " I will leave now " He says that he will leave now He says he will leave now ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------لو كان فعل القول ماضى ( said ) نتبع التحويلات الاتية :مضارع بسيط …………. ماضى بسيطHe goes out ………….he went outThey play tennis………….they played tennis Am / is / are …………. was / were He is late …………. He was late

ماضى بسيط …………. ماضى تام / ماضى بسيط كما هوHe saw …………. He had seen / he saw He was ill …………. He had been ill He was ill

He said " I saw my keys on the table "He said that he saw his keys on the table He said that he had seen his keys on the table-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------مضارع تام …………. ماضى تام Have / has …………. Had He has seen me…………. He had seen me They have left ………….the had left ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- مضارع تام مستمر …………. ماضى تام مستمر He said " I have been working for 3 days "He said that he had been working for 3 days -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ماضى مستمر …………. ماضى مستمر / ماضى تام مستمرHe said " we were sleeping "He said that they were sleeping He said that they had been sleeping ولكن لاحظ بعد while لا ياتى ماضى تام مستمر He said " while I was walking , I found a pen "He said that while he was walking , he found a pen -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Don't / doesn't + مصدر …………. Didn't + مصدر She said to me " I don't sleep early " She told me that she didn't sleep early

Didn't + مصدر ............................ hadn't + مصدر She said to Mina " I didn't see you "She told Mina that she hadn't seen him -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ادرس التحويلات الاتية جيدا will ……………….. would shall……………….. willcan ……………….. couldmay……………….. mightmust ……………… must / had to must be ………….. must have been now………………..thencome ……………… gothis………………..thatthese………………..thosehere………………..theretoday………………..that daytonight ……………….. that night'tomorrow………………..the next day / the day afternext ( week / year ….) …………the following (week) / the (week) afterlast ( week / year ….) ………….the ( week ) before ( a month ) ago……………….. ( a month ) before ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------لو كان فعل القول مضارع او مضارع تام او مستقبل : say- says- has said – will say لا تغير الزمن داخل الاقواس بل الضمائر فقط The child says to me " I can tidy my room by myself "The child tells me that he can tidy his room by himself "------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------They say " Youssef , we are late " They tell Youssef that they are late .he said " I shall go abroad "he said that he would go abroad لاحظ تحول I حسب القائل :Youssef said " I will come on time " Youssef said that He would go on time "

وكذلك الضمائر المرتبطة بها :He said " they took my book "He said that they took his book .

He said " the teacher punished me "He said that the teacher had punished him . ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

لاحظ ان they - he – she – it لو وجدت داخل الاقواس لا تتغير :he said " she passed the test "he said that she had passed the test ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------تحول we الى they ويمكن ان تترك كما هى حسب المعنى :The teacher said " we must care for passive students "The teacher said that they must care for passive students "

Hany said to me " we must study harder "Hany told me that we must study harder------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------تحول you حسب المخاطب :she said to Ali " you are late "she told Ali that he was late

he said to Soha " you left early "he told Soha that she left early

he said to Soha and Mona " you are late "he told Soha and Mona that they were late ان لم يوجد مخاطب فالمخاطب انا :He said " you are lucky "He said that I was lucky He said " I will get you some tea "He said that he would get me some tea ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------لاحظ ان المخاظب قد يكون داخل الجملة وعندئذ يخرج خارج الاقواس :He said " the teacher is coming , Hamed" يا حامدhe told Hamed that the teacher was coming

she said " Ali , the lesson is very difficult "she told Ali that the lesson was very difficult------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------لاحظ الكلمات الاتية لا تتغير عند التحويل :would – could – must -should – might – used to he said " I would study hard"he said that he would study hard

she said " I used to ride a bike"she said that she used to ride a bike

لو وجدت must بمعنى يجب ان ( ضرورة ) تحول الى had to او تبقى كما هى He said to me " you must study hard "He told me that I had to / must study hard

لو وجدت must be ( باين عليه يكون كذا ) ..... استنتاج ... تحول الى must have been He said " they must be in a hurry "He said that they must have been in a hurry -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------الفعل بعد wish لا يتغير He said " I wish I went out "He said that he wished he went outلاحظ ان wish نفسها تغيرت حسب الزمن------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------متى لا نغير الازمنة داخل الاقواس ؟؟؟؟1- اذا كان فعل القول مضارع او مستقبل كما ذكرنا :He says " I'm drinking tea now "He says that he is drinking tea now

2-الحقائق العلمية لا تتغير عند التحويل :The teacher said " The earth is round "The teacher said that the earth is round

3- لو كان فعل القول : said now said just nowsaid a moment ago said a minute ago لا نغير الزمن داخل الاقواس He said just now " Soha cooks food well "He said just now that Soha cooks food well

She said now " I'm studying my lessons , father"She told her father now that she is studying her lessons

Choose "He said a moment ago that he ( left – leaving – had left ) his keys at home.4- فى حالة if الثانية والثالثة لا تتغير الازمنة بل الضمائر فقط She said "if I were rich , I'd buy a car "She said that if she were rich , she would buy a car .

Fakhry said " if I had come earlier , I'd have understood the lesson "Fakhry said that if he had come earlier , he'd have understood the lesson --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------عند وجود جملتين نربط بـ and that Ebrahim said " I'm hungry " " I will buy some food "Ebrahim said that he was hungry and that he would buy some food --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1- she said that their train ( left – had left – would leave ) the next day 2- he said he ( has left – had left – will leave ) early the day before 3- he says that he ( has left – had left – would leave ) early .امثلة من الملخصات اختر وصحح --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2- Question السؤال وهى الجملة التى تبدأ بين القوسين باستفهام او اداة استفهام :He said " Are you late ?"He said " Why are you late ?"-----------------------------------تحول : Say……………… askSays ……………….asks Say to Ali ……… …ask AliSays to Mona …… asks MonaSaid …………………. askedSaid to Soha……………asked Soha

لو بدأت الجملة بـ am – is – are was – were – has - have – had – will – would can – could ……………… نحذف الاقواس ونربط بـ if او whetherShe said " will the man buy the car ?"She asked if …….She asked whether …….لو بدأت الجملة بأداة استفهام نستخدم نفس الاداة كرابط She said to me " Why will they leave ?"She asked me why …………..

بعد if او whether ياتى فاعل ثم فعل محول اذا كان فعل القول فى الماضى

If / wheather + فاعل + فعل محولShe asked if the man would buy the car She asked me Why they would leave.

She said " why are you late ?"She asked why I was late .لو كان فعل القول مضارع او مستقبل لا يكون الفعل محول He says " does he sleep early ?"He asked if he sleeps early He says to me " are you happy " ………………………………………………………………………………………..------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------لو بدأت جملة الاستفهام بـ do - does - did1- لو بدأت الجملة بـ do - does تحذف وناتى بالتصؤيف الثانى للفعل He said " do they eat rice ?"He asked if they ate rice ]

They said to me " Does she drive a car ?"They asked me if she drove a car .

He said " does Soha play the piano ?"………………………………………………………………………He says to me " do the teacher love their students ?"………………………………………………………………………2- لو بدأت الجملة بـ Did تحذف ونستخدم had + pp He said " did they see the match ?"He asked if they had seen the match .They said to me " Did you drink the tea ?"………………………………………………………………………يمكن الا نستخدم had + pp بل التصريف الثانى (حيث ان الماضى البسيط يمكن ان يبقى كما هو دون تحويل) He said " did the player score a goal ?"He asked if the player scored a goal ?"Choose He asked if the girls ( eats – will eat – have eaten – had eaten ) the apples He asked if the girls ( eats – will eat – ate – have eaten ) the apples

He asked me just now if the man ( had left – have left – left - leaves ) early two days before----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------He said " where do they live ?"He asked where they lived

She said to Samy " why does the pupil cry today ?" She asked Samy why the pupil cried that day .

He said "Why did they leave early ?"He asked why they had left / left early He said " how much money have you spent?"He asked how much money I had spent لاحظ استخدمنا how much money كلها كرابط----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------يمكن استخدام wonder / inquire / want to know بدلا من asked ولكن لاحظ انه لا ياتى بعدهم مخاطب اhe said to Sameer " where do you live ?"He wanted to know where Sameer lived

She said to Hala " why are you in a hurry ?"She wondered why Hala was in a hurry

Correct She wondered Kamal why he was sad

ملحوظة هامة : بعد اداة الاستفهام فى الجمل المحولة الى غير مباشر ياتى فاعل ثم فعل محول Choose :1- he asked why ………………. the cara- did the clean b- does the clean c- they clean d- they cleaned2- they asked why ………………angrya- are the pupils b- the pupils are c- the pupils were d- were the pupils3- she asked me if the earth ……………. The sun a- orbits b- orbited c- has orbited d- had orbited she asked me just now

They said to Huda a moment ago " where are you saying ?"They asked Huda a moment ago where she is staying ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------He said to me " how many apples will you buy?"……………………………………………………………………………………..…He says " how old are you ?" ………………………………………………………………………………………..he said now " where were they "…………………………………………………………………………………….…

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ادرس ما يللى جيدا :He said " Shall I bring you some tea "He offered me some tea He offered to get me some tea

He said " shall we meet at the airport ?"He suggested meeting at the airport

He said " why don't we go for a walk ?"He suggested going for a walk

She said " can you help me ?"She asked me to help her She asked me for help

He said " How about having tea with me ?"He invited me to have tea with him

He said " I didn't take the money "He denied taking the money

He said " I'll finish in time "He promised to finish in time

He said to Soha " I'm sorry , I have broken your pen " He apologized to Soha for breaking her pen

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Advanced ExercisesCorrect 1. He said " you will visit us the day after "2. he wanted to know if I have got a mobile 3. the teacher said if I will study hard4. he said " I was going to Cairo tomorrow "5. he suggested play tennis in the afternoon 6. he assured that he has sent all the letters 7. he wondered Samy if he could swim alone 8. my brother asked me if I have finished my work yet 9. he promised that he won't make such mistakes again10. he asked that he could use my mobile 11. I asked him what was he doing 12. please let me know when are you leaving 13. he said that she would buy a car the month before 14. I wonder how much does your car cost 15. could you tell me how do you cook this food16. he complains that his wife made a lot of mistakes17. he told that he would travel abroadChoose1- she ………… that she would be home the next morning a) told b) promised c) asked d) inquired 2- he said he ………… be able to sleep until he had finished his worka) wouldn't - b) won't - c) didn't - d)hasn't been 3- I will aske him …………. He agreesa) If b) unless c) that d )what 4- He asked me ………a-Where had I beenb-Where I have beenc-Where I had been d-Where have I been

5- she said they …….. her there the following week a) are meeting b) had met c) will meet d)- were meeting 6- I asked Leila ……….to study at the university a- What she is doingb- What is she doingc- What was she doingd- What she was doing

7- The assistant asked me …………….a- Where were the changing roomsb- Where the changing rooms werec- If the changing rooms wered- Where the changing rooms are

8- he said she ………….. ill the that day a- must be b- had to be c- must had been d- must have been