Channels of distribution are critical to the success of a manufacturer. A well designed channel creates time, place and ownership utility for the consumer and can augment the manufacturer's product. Distribution channels may move product directly from the manufacturer to the consumer, or make use of intermediaries between the manufacturer and the consumer.

This report consists of two parts: Part 1 explains some of the major concepts relating to distribution channels, and Part 2 relates the findings of a case study of the computer industry. The first section of the case study explores Dell's use of direct channels and Compaq's use of indirect channels in Canada. We will see how Dell uses the direct model to easily allow the customization of computers for consumers, and how the direct model allows Dell to operate with very little inventory through the use of a just-in-time inventory system. Compaq uses indirect channels to utilize the ability of its wholesalers to efficiently move its computers from its manufacturing plant to retailers where customers expect to be able to shop for computers.

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The second section of the case study focuses on how emerging economies differ in terms of direct and indirect distribution channels with respect to Canada. In terms of extending its products to emerging economies, Dell believes that its direct model is adequate to work in any country. However, some cultural issues need to be assessed prior to implementing its channel model. In terms of indirect distributors, the Indian personal computer (PC) market has revamped its channel relationships to focus on national and regional wholesalers and reducing its use of local wholesalers. The Indian PC wholesalers erred in assuming that distribution to rural parts of the country would succeed. They did not consider the other parts of the marketing mix in...

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... in their manufacturing and distribution process. The Direct Model allows them to increase their gross margin, increase customization, and decrease inventory/costs. Manufacturing cells help to increase quality and decrease costs by making the workers more efficient. Just-in-time delivery of ...

... of distribution networks. But in order to counter the direct sell strategy of Dell, it moved from a production system in which it relied on forecasts made by channel partners. But this type of a system proved to be too slow because of high inventory and long lead times ...

7 pages154Oct/20075.0

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