Friday, September 25, 2009

[This item originally appeared here on September 25th, 2005, shortly after Money Magazine realized they had made a horrible mistake in serving as one of many industry cheerleaders for a housing bubble that was in the early stages of bursting.]

Times sure have changed.

It was less than four months ago, in a post titled Money Magazine Does Real Estate, that we were ridiculing the nation's leading personal finance magazine for adding to the housing mania by encouraging even more speculative behavior in real estate with their June special edition on housing.

In this memorable issue, where six of the seven articles dealing with real estate were unabashedly bullish, we were introduced to a number of wonderful people, who were all making a killing in real estate, most notably the San Diego Rothschilds who graced the cover and were featured in the story Boomtown USA.

What a difference four months makes.

In the October issue, we note five items related to real estate. Four of them are negative and one of them is, well ... it's kind of hard to characterize in just a few words. You'll see in a few minutes.

So, what gives?

Has the staff at Money grown a conscience, or is it that they just can't find anybody to say anything good about real estate these days?

ooo

The first item, under the banner Real Estate: Bubble Watch concerns an over-reaction by news site Realty Times to a harmless little T-shirt. Note that four months ago, what few references there were to the bubble-like nature of real estate markets were more geared to denying that a bubble existed.

Next is the prophetic Crazy Loans: Is This How the Boom Ends, where even David Lereah, author of "Are You Missing the Real Estate Boom? : Why Home Values and Other Real Estate Investments Will Climb Through The End of The Decade - And How to Profit From Them", sounds a cautionary note:

At greatest risk, says David Lereah, chief economist with the National Association of Realtors, are markets where a majority of buyers are opting for nontraditional loans.

"There will be cases where lenders and borrowers will be caught with their financial pants down," he says.

Finally, the explosion in innovative mortgages could sting the housing market in one other way. As banks have heavily marketed these loans, critics say, they may have stretched themselves too thin by lending money to consumers who wouldn't have qualified a few years ago. If those borrowers default, banks may pull back, leaving the marginally qualified buyers -- the ones who have kept the market bubbling along -- frozen out.

Lenders counter that new credit scoring models have eliminated most of the risk of defaults. But Lereah notes that lenders have been testing their new scoring systems in an unusual time of low rates and economic growth.

"In a rising rate market, they're going to discover that some people are riskier than they'd thought," he predicts.

That all sounds rather dour. We've been conditioned to expect nothing other than full-throated cheerleading from Mr. Leareah - that's how we've come to know and loathe him over the last year. What's gotten into him? He should be saying things like "slowing pace of price increases" and citing low mortgage default rates as evidence of a fundamentally sound market.

ooo

Now, this next one is really funny ...

In the third real estate piece, Big Cities, Bright Prospects, we get the issue's only neutral-to-positive assessment of today's real estate market. We're not sure how hard it was to track someone down who would say something that wasn't negative, in fact Chris Mayer is a little concerned about South Florida and Southern California, but he refutes the bubble characterization elsewhere:

Are home values in America's biggest cities out of whack with the rest of the country?

Chris Mayer, a finance and economics professor who heads the Milstein Center for Real Estate at Columbia University's business school, tackled that question by looking at price changes in 129 cities since 1940.

He spoke with MONEY's Cybele Weisser about his study, "Superstar Cities," which concludes that despite the recent boom, prices in most big U.S. cities have remained in line with long-term trends.

Q. What are superstar cities?A. They are cities with persistently low new-housing supply and high price growth -- an average of one or two percentage points a year more than other cities over decades. In a given year, that sounds small. But over a 60-year period, that extra growth causes prices in superstar cities to increase three times as much as those in the rest of the country.

Q. So why do their prices grow so fast?A. To be a superstar city, you need two things: limited ability for new construction and big demand. Boston, L.A., New York, Seattle and San Francisco are all good examples. San Francisco is the extreme example of a superstar city: Since 1940, housing prices have increased 2.1 percent more each year than they have in other cities. As a result, you see increasingly rich people moving in and relatively poor people moving out. These cities are simply attractive places for high-income people to live.

Q. Does that make real estate in these cities immune from a price drop?A. Not at all. If interest rates go way up, we will see some temporary declines. But there is no evidence that Boston, New York and San Francisco are in a bubble. These cities have appreciated at higher rates than other places for 60 years and will continue to do so.

Q. What cities are running ahead of historical growth rates right now?A. I think things have gotten out of hand in South Florida. Southern California also looks a little overheated.

So, what’s so funny about this?

These are comforting words, refuting the existence of a bubble in what many believe are the bubble-like housing markets in Boston, New York, and San Francisco, while just urging caution for Southern California. The part that Money Magazine didn't mention about Chris' study was that it only included data up to the year 2000!

It's right there in the article - "since 1940" and "over a 60-year period".

You can go see the study(pdf) at UPenn - all the data stops at the year 2000.

His conclusions about the non-existence of bubbles are based on the omission of the five wildest years of real estate price appreciation the world has ever seen!

Is that the smell of crazed desperation wafting through the air vents at Money Magazine or is someone punking me?

Now take S&P 500 stocks, expected to grow 6 percent annually during the next five years. If by 2010 they trade at their historical P/E ratio of 22, price appreciation plus dividends will create a total return of 47 percent.

Mind you, this is not a prediction. No law says that stocks or REITs have to return to their average valuation in the near (or not so near) future. But it does strongly suggest which market sector is on the right side of the law of probabilities. And it's not REITs.

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And finally, in the cover story Fear Factor (premium content), in the list of "Your Six Biggest Money Worries and How To Solve Them", coming in behind dying young, a crashing stock market, a collapsing economy, and an outsourced job, is ... the bursting of the housing bubble. The only thing that you have less to fear, according to Money Magazine, is having your identity stolen.

FEAR No. 5The Housing Bubble Pops

REAL DANGER You're in over your head

If the bursting of the tech bubble is seared into your memory, you'll tend to call up that readily available interpretive scheme as you analyze the surge in housing prices. Result: You see a giant ball of air. That would be an eminently sensible conclusion--if houses were stocks. Of course, they're not; they're bought and sold in particular local markets and infrequently traded and, well, you live in them.

On the other hand, if you're using interest-only financing to snap up condos in Fresno because you "know from experience" that this market only rises, good luck. Markets can suffer precipitous declines--ask anyone who bought in Massachusetts in the late 1980s. Even Alan Greenspan, a man utterly free of alarmist bias, recently warned that "the housing boom will inevitably simmer down" and that prices could fall.

The real bubble, though, isn't in housing but in housing finance, says strategist Ed Yardeni of Oak Associates. Variable-rate, interest-only mortgages have seduced people into buying more house than they need. (See "Crazy Loans: Is This How the Boom Ends?" on page 53.) Most at risk? Those who bought in late and are stretching themselves even to make their IO payments. "These people could be in some serious trouble," says Yardeni, if interest rates rise or home values fall even on a modest scale.

WHAT TO DO

» Downsize. If you've used an interest-only loan to buy a McMansion when you can really only afford a three-bedroom split-level, get real. You're not building any equity, and if prices decline and you have to sell, you'll end up owing the bank. Also, if you're at a point in life when a smaller house is starting to look good, move now and secure your gains.

» Think about what can go wrong. If you're counting on home equity to provide for your retirement, ask a financial adviser to assess what will happen to your plans if your home's value drops by 10%, 20% or 30%, says Joe Davis, a research analyst at Vanguard.

» Look at locking in. The gap between variable and fixed-rate loans has been narrowing as the Fed pushes up short-term interest rates. So grab a fixed rate of interest now. Waiting could add hundreds of dollars to your monthly payment.

Ask your financial advisor to consider the retirement planning impact of a 30% decline in home prices? Unti this month, that would have been a very un-Money Magazine like thought.

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As if this all isn't enough to have developed a completely different perspective about Money Magazine (and, with the exception of the Chris Mayer study, it certainly is), there is this little bonus in FEAR #3 - A Collapsing Economy. There we are advised to:

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comments:

Hello. Even though I am from Canada I have to say that people in the US should be careful with all the loans they are taking. The first time homebuyer credit seems to be a good idea at the first sight, but I am afraid that the young people take another loans to afford to buy a house. We should stop living in debt or there will be more and more housing bubbles and the financial crisis will continue!All the best,Elli