Peroba-rosa (Aspidosperma polyneuron M.Arg.) is a tropical forest species whose wood is intensively employed in general building, leading to its extinction in Brazil. The objective of this research was to determine the processing conditions necessary to maintain seed viability during storage. Peroba-rosa seeds were dried by applying two different processes: natural and artificial. Natural drying was performed in the shade and the artificial process using a stationary drier with two drying air temperatures, 35°C and 45°C. The final moisture contents obtained in the artificial processes were 10% and 5% at each temperature applied. In the natural process the final moisture content was 6%. The seeds were packed in plastic bags and stored for twelve months. Seed moisture and germination were evaluated monthly during this period. The results indicate that the artificial process at both drying temperatures, 35°C and 45°C, when dried to a final moisture content of 5%, results in higher seed germination for longer storage periods than those obtained by higher moisture contents.