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Origin

L0 is one of two branches from the of the most recent common ancestor, MRCA, for the
shared human maternal lineage. This ancestor is estimated to have
lived in Southern Africa or East Africa approximately 150,000 to 170,000
years ago. Haplogroup L0 consists of five main branches (L0a, L0b,
L0d, L0f, L0k). Four of them were originally classified into
haplogroup L1 as L1a, L1d, L1f, and L1k.

Haplogroup L0a is most
prevalent in South-East African populations (25% in Mozambique).Among Guineans, it has a
frequency between 1% and 5%, with the Balanta group showing increased frequency of about
11%. Haplogroup L0a has a Paleolithic time depth of about
33,000 years and likely reached Guinea between 10,000 and 4,000
years ago. It also is often seen in the Mbuti
and Biaka-pygmies.

Haplogroup L0b Ethiopia.

Haplogroup L0f is present in relatively small
frequencies in Tanzania, East Africa.

Haplogroups L0d and L0k are the most ancient ones
and are typical for Khoisans in South
Africa.

Subclades

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup L0 subclades is based on the
paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated
comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA
variation and subsequent published research.