Infections, including certain fungal infection (these types of infections are often only present in people with compromised immune systems)

Symptoms of congenital agranulocytosis may include:

Severe recurrent bacterial infections

Mild infections of skin, mouth, and nose

Failure to thrive—with persitent agranulocytosis

Diagnosis

Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. You will be asked about recent infections, medical treatments, and medications. A physical exam will be done.

Blood tests may be done to diagnose agranulocytosis. The tests will include:

White blood cell count

Antineutrophil antibodies—for people with autoimmune disease

Genetic tests may be needed in some people

To help determine a cause your doctor may also order:

Bone marrow test

Urine or other fluid tests—to look for infectious agents

Treatment

Treatment will be based on the type and cause of agranulocytosis that you have. Options include the following:

Leukocyte Transfusion

Leukocytes are a type of white blood cell. These cells are collected from a donor and carefully screened. They are then delivered through an IV. These white blood cells may make up for the deficit caused by agranulocytosis in some.

Medication for Infections Treatment

Anitviral, antibiotic, and antifungal medication may be needed to:

Treat infection that could be causing agranulocytosis.

Treat an infection that resulted from agranulocytosis.

Prevent an infection in people at high risk. This may include people with cancer or immune disorders.

White Blood Cell-stimulating Factors

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) encourage the body to make more white blood cells. This may help with certain types of agranulocytosis.

Remove Causative Agent

When possible the toxin or drug that is causing the problems will be removed.

Prevention

Your doctor will monitor you if you are taking medication or having medical treatment that could lead to agranulocytosis. You may be given a white blood cell stimulating medications before having these other treatments. This may prevent agranulocytosis for some.

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.

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