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terms of the watchman for subscription per year two doia-hs payable in nj.uru-e ijut it not paid in advance two dollars and fifty cts will be charged dvertisements inserted at 1 forthe first and 25 cts tor each subsequent insertion court orders charged 25 per et higher than these rates a liberal deduc tion to those who advertise by the year letters to the editors must be postpaid ithe grand division the second quarterly session for 1848 if the grand division of the sons of jvm erance of north carolina held in greens lorough on the 27lh and 23th of april md was a most harmonious and talented iody we had the pleasure of meeting vith several of our brethren from the ilder subordinate divisions with whom ve had before been associated and with l goodly numher from those more recently fstablished and with whom we had the igh gratification of becoming acquainted ion shall we remember with delight the ordial paternal greetings of our breth ren on this occasion and we return to our hirtbors with a stouter heart and more res olute nerve to do battle in the great and glorious warfare we have waged against f^klcohol and ail i;s emissaries we shall not pretend t give even a â™¦. nopsis of the proceedings of the grand l)i vision inasmuch as we are promised by jour worthy grand scribe wilh a detailed iÂ«iccount in time for our next paper but we cannot refrain noticing some ol the leading features attendant upon the as sembling of lhat body the grand division met at ii o'clock ion the 27th and after making all the pre liminary arrangements for the session ad ijnurned to 3 o'clock in the afternoon ; at which hour it again convened proceeded to the initiation of new members when representatives from salem greensboro salisbury and mocksville divisions were presented initiated and duly invested with the regalia of ihe grand division the reports of the g w p and gr scribe were read referred to appropriate com mittees anil after the transaction of some other business adjourned to 7a o'clock at ihe appointed hour the members ol the grand division again repaired to the masonic hall which had been kindly granted by that fraternity for the holding of its sessions and which is also used by greensborough division for holding its meetings where they found a large num ber ot the latter assembled for the pur pose of organizing and proceeding to the presbyterian church to hear an address from bro alexander m carman the in telligent and efficient grand scribe of n carolina soon the hall was crowd ed and the procession formed about 70 in number who with lighted candles in hand and clothed in full regalia proceed ed to the church ; and as the members entered a large and splendid choir of la dies and gentlemen in the gallery broke forth in most mellifluous strains with en rapturing temperance ode this over the services were opened by an appropri ate prayer byourrev brother prof blake of greensborough female college ; and after the singing of aim her beautiful ode brother flake rose and introduced the orator to ihe audience which we hazard nothing in saying was the largest most respectable and attentive we have ever seen assembled in north carolina to hear a temperance address brother carman had been selected by greensborough division some time previ ously to sustain nnd defend the order on this occasion and must handsomely and ably did he acquit himself ; the address being happily adapted to the place the occasion and the audience it was elo quent argumentative and persuasive and c know that every candid mind that lis tened to that manly and successful de fence of the order ol the sons of tem rance was bereft of any prejudices or opposition it might previously have en tertained in regard to it no harsh epi thets or denunciatory terms were read ; it was a calm deliberate nervous appeal to the patriotism llie philanthropy ihe christianity of the audience and well we are certain did the thrilling eloquence and sound logic of the speaker i el i upon the intellectual and moral inhabitants of the model town of greensborough his style was fervid empassioned and earnest and while the flowers of rhetoric which were so chastely interwoven wen well calculated to please and charm the fancy the lorce of ins reasoning and the power ful and truthful arguments adduced could not fail to carry conviction to every can did and unprejudiced mind but who would not talk before such an audience . surrounded by hundreds of smiling fair ones whose beauty lent a fresh charm to the otherwise imposing ceremo nies and of whose sympathy and aid he was well aware and supported by some 70 brethren all clothed in the beautiful nnd significant regalia of our order and resides having such an audience other wise as perhaps no other village in the state could have brought together â€” we bay inspired by such a scene it was suffi cient to cause almost the hitherto mute tongue of silence to break out with music ind elequer.ee but we must desist â€” we earn that brother carman has consented to the publication of the address when ii can read and judge for themselves after the singing of another beautiful ile the " sons took up the line of march or the division room ; arrived at which several brethren addressed the meeting but never shall we forget the inimitable speech of our brother murdoch of hills borough we had never seen it so fully exemplified before that wine is not ne icessary to mirth and that gay hilarity can be felt and indulged without the aid ot strong drink we ire sun no one who heard it will ever forget mat speech the division then adjourned the rand division again met on fri day morning the committees appointed ti the day previous made iheir reports aÂ»d the division proceeded to the consid eration of the question relative to a change the carolina watchman bruiv-r & james ) _ , . on l " keep a cnr.ck upon all your ldilors of proprietors \ rulers ) new series do this and liberty is safe > gen'l harrison ) volume v number 3 salisbury n c thursday may 18 1848 in llie sessions of ihe g d from quar terly to semi-annual when alter a long and able debate it was resolved that our representatives in the national division be left uninstrucled on this subject but left to act as their discretion may dictate the question of petitioning the legisla ture to leave the several counties to de cide at ihe ballot box whether licensing shall be allowed therein after being fully argued was unanimously rejected it be ing considered impolitic and unwise for tlie order to interfere in any matters which might by any means be brought to bear upon the legislature or political af fairs of the country several other matters of interest were disposed of hut we have not time now lo enumerate them voles of thanks were passed to ihe masonic fraternity for the use of their hall to the choir the breth ren of greensborough division and the citizens generally and the grand division adjourned on friday evening to meet in chapel hill on the third thursday in july next â€” communicator from the southerner progress of manufactures in the south we continue lo note the onward progress of industry in the sunny south the planters of 1 cotton ought to see the necessity of cherishing manufactutes amongst us the startling re volutions in europe have for the present al least deprived ihe cotton planters of llie ad vantage of the continental market ; and should great britain become entangled with crum ming thrones and rising republics she may not require much if any cotton until oil be poured over the troubled waters the time is not far off when the planters of cotton may he compelled to look chiefly to home markets for the sale ol their staple and yet a great many of them oppose protection to ihis treat and important branch of business of he united states ! had the tariff of 1842 been permitted to stand the manufacturers of cotton in this country would be consuming his year six or seven bundled thousand bales we doubt if ihey will now use more than four hun dred and fifty thousand with fair proleclion it must be clear to all practical men of business lhat in a few years the domestic consumption of the raw material would reach one million of bales that cotton would be now two cents a pound higher if ihe tariff of 1842 had not been revoked there is no question there is evidently an interest awakening on this subject not altogether discernable the increase of cotlon factories is bringing the sub ject home to the minds ofthe people we no lice lhat two cotlon factories are about to be established in louisville kentucky to be work ed by white laborers louisville is becoming quite a considerable manufacturing city if the hack country was a little more accessible by rail roads she would have a greater increase we hope however to see not only louisville hut all kentucky more energetically at work to increase her industrial pursuits all patties in kentucky are disposed to protect and foster domestic manufactures the georgia manufactures are becoming so important to her general industry that to know the character ol the slate we must know some thing of her manufactures we learn from the savannah republican that the tf s govern ment has made a contract with the milledge ville factory for the delivery ol three hundred thousand yards ot cotton osnaburgs this con tract was made after a comparison by a gov eminent agent in new york of the milledge ville with other like fabrics from other manu factories this is not only a high compliment to the work done in milledgeville but affords unquestionable proof of the remark so frequent lv made that for obvious reasons manfacturin in cotton can be done cheaper in georgia than in the northern states soulh carolina too where once manufac tures were so odious they are springing up in many parts of the state in this respect this state has undergone a remarkable change â€” the carolinian published at columbus says : we were much gratified to find on a recent visit ti lexington that our friend maj henry a meetze in connexion with several other gentlemen are erecting a cotton factory at laurel falls near that healthy village the site is an eligible one and the project is bound lo succeed they expect to start operations in october or early in november we shall give all the particulars of the enterpise as it advan ces towards completion to shew the usefulness of manufactures to all pursuits we copy in conclusion the follow ing account of the planters factory in the slate of georgia from the macon messenger : in our hurried notice last week of some of the productions ofthe above establishment we omitted to give a few statistics which had heen kindly furnished at our request the factory is located on the ockmtilgee river in butts county at a place well known as the seven islands about 35 miles irom macon it is pro pelled by water of which there is an abundant supply at all seasons as its name indicates i it was erected by a number of planters who were anxious to encourage diversity of labor at the south the building is five stories high : runs 2500 spindles and 52 looms and consumes from 800 to 1000 pounds of cotlon per day be ing about 700 bales a year until recently . the company confined their attention exclusive | ly to the production of yarns which were readi | ! ly sold at advantageous prices in the northern i markets they have recently been using what i ' is termed the self-acting mule a highly im proved piece of machinery which spins thread | j of a very superior quality and fineness they have also in complete operalion all the j machinery necessary for carding spinning and i weaving wool and their kerseys are equal to any we have ever seen at present ihe company employ about 80 hands connected with about 25 families thev find no difficulty in procuring operatives and generally make their own selections from the most industrious and worthy applicants : the j wages paid are from six to ten dollars per month i for full hands to give some idea of the ad j vantages of an establishment like the above in ; 1 creating a home market we have the lollowino i | approximate estimate of a lew of the items con j i sumed by the operatives and their families viz : 12.000 lbs flour per year 3.600 bushels corn meal " 0,000 lbs meat " 1,200 bushels potatoes " 1,800 lbs lard " 800 lbs butter " 1,200 poultry " 2,400 lbs coffee " 2,400 lbs sugar " most of the families raise their own vegeta bles and we are informed are rapidly gathering around them the comforts of life a single case i | was related to us by a gentleman connected i j with the establishment which goes far lo illus ! irate the beneficial effects of manufactories j upon an important class of our white population i who would otherwise be reduced to penury and i j idleness a widow lady wilh ten children re ! j sided in the vicinity ol the factory by the i death of her husband she had been left per ' j fectly destitute of the means of support she ' j obtained employment from the company and ! is now receiving lor the services of six of her ! children the sum of thirty-four dollars permonth besides the rent of a comfortable house ! we | have not a doubt lhat a judiciously organized ! i system of manufactories would do more for the \ j poor white population of the southern states i j than all the alms houses which could he estab ! fished what is true in the case of this poor j widow lady is true to a considerable extent of many others the very employment thus ob j tained would secure thousands from the conse miences of vice and infamy and lead to the j formation of habits of economy and industry which may result as has repeatedly been the j case at the north in comfort competency and ; even wealth in almost every community are found families j j similarly situated who are in various ways a ! tax upon the capital and charily of their more j fortunate neighbors is it not infinitely bet ler to furnish them employment and make ! them producers instead of being mere consu j mers ? they dislike lo work side by side with the negroes and will not do it ; but if ihey can i find a pursuit in which servile labor is not i employed we venture to say there is not a class of people on the face of the earth who would he more industrious or thrifty than llie l one of which we speak : then why do not our planters generally imitate the example of the ! original proprietors of the above establishment ' they might not only employ their capital profi j tably but would make valuable cilizens out ; of a class of people who are now too often dri ven by their very necessities to tamper with ; and corrupt our slave population indemnity for the past i paying fifteen millions for foreign territory ' fir which we have no use after spending one ] ; hundred millions in oider to enforce the payment i of three security for the future incorporating several millions of mexicans ; indians and mnlattoes into ihe union either â– as " fiee and enlightened citizens " of our re public or a3 conquered subjects to be kept in . awe by the presence ol a standing army alarlinsburg va gazelle the effect â€” the mobile advertiser one of the most thorough-going advocates of mr clay's nomination in the union and especially hostile j to that of general taylor thus speaks of the i general's letter to mr allison : 'â€¢ the manifesto of gen taylor which we publish this morning will attract general atten tion it is on the whole an excellent paper containing pretty good whig doctrines his views on the veto power are sound and admira bly expressed had he written such a letter six months ago a very different state of things would have existed bom what we now witness in the whig ranks . â€” dcf3 the washington division no 5 sons of temperance of louisville have concluded to subscribe 1000 to the stock of the jeflersonville and columbus rail road this is certainly commendable the division has alreary nearly 2,000 in bank stock and cash richmond and danville rail road we had the pleasure this week of spending an evening with mr jones the assistant engineer of the richmond and danville railroad who paid allying visit to our town and we must say that we are gratified at the flattering account he gives of the eligibility of the routes surveyed mr jones who had formed a favorable opinion of the route before he surveyed it thinks the road can be constructed for a sum not exceeding his original estimate if not for much less the greatest diffi culties the engineers bave yet encounter ed was crossing the ravines and creeks in the neighborhood of charlotte c h but even these presented no serious obstacles two routes and in many places three have been surveyed but the engineers can form no idea which will be adopted ; and for obvious reasons if they knew they ought not to divulge it we are hap py to learn there is so much anxiety on the subject that many freeholders have expressed a willingness to relinquish all damages to which they might be entitled by reason of the road's passing through their lands as an inducement to get it near them and this consideration we doubt not will materially influence the directory in fixing the route the engineers are at present in the neighborhood of whiteville in halifax county ; and may be expected here about the latter part of may the first portion of the road will probably be ready for contractors by the middle of july we may mention in connection with this subject and we take great pleasure in announcing the fact that the friends of the road in patrick county have at last commenced the work of subscription to the stock of the company when we last heard from that county about sixty shares had been taken and we have but little doubt the number will be doubled if not quadrupled in a very short lime this is a good beginning for patrick in halifax too the road is gaining strength many in that county were op posed to the principle involved in the char ter ot the company but this they very properly regard now as a question no longer in issue and therefore they are willing to lend a helping hand in build ing up a work in which they are so di rectly and vitally interested as an evi dence of this feeling it may be mention ed that at april court monday las a meeting was held in which some of the most prominent and influential citizens of county participated and a resolution was adopted inviting mr tunstall to address the people at heir may court on the sub ject of the railroad we believe the cit izens of that county have not been pro perly understood in regard to their feel ings on this subject and we confidently believe that halifax will yet give a liber al subscription to this great work of de liberandi to the roatftke country on the the whole we may congratulate the friends of the work on its present auspi cious prospects â€” danville register volunteers vs regulars loco foco cunning some time ago there was a considera ble effort made by the m democratic prints as well as by some loco foco scrib blers from mexio to array the volunteers of our army against the regulars in vidious comparisons were made and the redoubtable gen gideon j pillow or his friend veritas in that bolstering eflu sion intimated that the martinets of the regular army ought hereafter to hide their diminished heads â€” for gideon and veritas and gen pillow and a few oth er volunteers had conquered ail creation and nearly or quite made the sun to stand still and look on without attempting to decide who have fought best all have fought well we may presume to say that if our brave volunteers have carried the palm it might be not because they have had ihe advantage of superior and better taught officers â€” not because they have been disciplined by superior drill â€” but be cause they went to the battle field actu ated by more patriotic impulses ; because they left their homes and their fire-sides to fight the battles of their own country bearing their own flag and supporting their own government for who can fight like native americans prosecuting their rights real or fancied under the broad american banner ' who can march up to danger and death more fear lessly than proud and brave american freemen with their own glorious stars and stripes streaming over them ? we cannot and will not detract from the hon ors so gloriously won by our volunteers they have fought well â€” covered them selves all over with glory and if the great gideon was not satisfied to be cov ered all over but sought to steal away glory from the regulars that it might be a little more thick on himself and his com mand â€” and if as the pet familiars of the president and the loco focos generally a few months ago asserted the volun teers did throw the regulars into the shade in those glorious fights before mex co we ask for the cause why was it that undisciplined troops just called into ser vice should bear tbe honors from the reg ular army ' we can find but one an swer and that has been intimated above the volunteers are nearly all native am erican citizens while the rank and file of the regulars are mostly of foreign birth they are discontented with ihe tyranny of their own native lands and come to our shores redolent with libertv and equality ready to labor and fi_rhf and die for freedom so say the loco focos they come to america freemen double distilled highly concentrated in full panoply bursting from the brain of tyranny â€” and stand on our own soil free emancipated disenthralled by tbe irresis tible genius c so say the loco focos particularly just before an election well impelled by their love of freedom and fighting they join our army swell its ranks and are led to the wars by as brave and skilful odicers as the world ever saw â€” we should suppose that un der these circumstances ihese fresh born freemen fighting in freedom's great cause would be most accomplished and desper ate warriors how does it happen that the volunteers have shamed them so ? as the loco focos said a few months ago â€” why forsooth there are more volunteers than regulars and an election coming on must be counted well but the rank and file of ihe army proper are mosllyforeign ers and as there are many thousands of such in our cities hey must be counted too now we venture to foretell that from this time until after our fall elec tions the regular army and foreigners generally will be pronounced by loco foco authority to be the best and bravest citizens we have but after that the old story will be repeated that they cannot hold a candle to our brave volunteers f raleigh register yucatan interesting debate in the u s senate we copy from the baltimore sun the following sketch ofthe interesting debate which took place in the united states senate on thursday : mr hannegan chairman of the com mittee on foreign relations reported a bill to enable the president to take tem porary military occupation of yucatan â€” to employ the army and navy ofthe uni ted states for that purpose and to repress the incursions of the savages against ihe white population of that country â€” lo fur nish the white population with arms am munition v_cc.,to repel the attacks of the indians â€” and to authorize the raising of additional volunteers equal in number to replace tbe troops withdrawn from other portions ofthe service for this service in yucatan the bill was twice read and mr han negan moved that it be made the special order for to-morrow mr calhoun thought the day named too early more time should be given for reflection he proposed monday next mr hannegan said it was important that this bill should be acted upon with out delay a day or an hour might in productive of calamitous consequences to the people of yucatan he had seen let ters from lieut murray mason now in the gulf stating that the whole coast was darkened with women and children with out food or clothing mr cass also was in favor of prompt action never a better occasion present ed for them to vindicate before the world the character of the nation mr foote expressed his strongest sur prise at tbe effort to procrastinate action on this bill the senate he said appear ed to be divided into two classes one were for speedy action â€” the other small he hoped for delaying action at least for a limited time he regretted that there should be any hesitation on a question in volving the honor of the nation and he regretted ihe source from which that op position came the senator from south carolina when the message was received had in an exulting manner denounced the positions assumed by the message and made a somewhat extended speech most unkind toward the administration â€” a speech he had no reason to suppose he now regretted he was then prepared lo make a speech already circulated exten sively through the country and calcula ted to do much injury and create much prejudice in the public mind but now when the whole subject had been several days before them was not prepared to act \\ by did he now desire the bill to be postponed when on the day tbe message was sent in he was prepared to rise and pronounce a most uncalled for and vindic tive phillippic against the president on the same subject there was not a single senator he believed who had not made up his mind on the subject so far from being too hasty he believed they had been most shamefully tardy it was so when the french resolutions were introduced â€” the senator from south carolina was not prepared to act â€” we should not proceed to act with too much precipitancy he had seen a disposition manifested by the senate to hurry too rapidly any matter which did not require prompt action and this was one of those cases which should be acted upon immediately if acted upon at all there was no substantial reason for delay mr calhoun saw enough in the mes sage to require from ihis body the most deliberate caution the executive had been in no hurry if he had taken from the 7th of march down to the date of the mes sage tolnake up his mind on the snhject ; surely two or three days would not be con sidered too long for reflection upon the subject in his remarks the other day he had simply expressed his regret that the president should have mixed up a mere question of humanity with other sub jects ot high political consideration mr foote said that the senator himself had also mittd up with the subject ano ther of high political consideration he had retewed to the present war wilh mex ico and declared that he had hoped its results had taught the president a lesson this war which the senator said had cost the country 30,000 lives a war brought on in a great measure by the act of the annexation of texas a measure neces sary tor the protection of the south and ot southern interests for which the ad ministration of which the senator was then a prominent member was mainlv responsible in regard to the movement oi the army from corpus christi to the rio grande he had believed that cen taylor would wilh some of jackson's in dependence of character assume the re sponsibility of his own acts and he now had it from an authentic source that gen taylor scorning to skulk had assumed such responsibility the senator from south carolina he must be permitted to tell bim occupied a peculiar position before the country on subjects of this kind the senator he believed had once been in favor of a na tional bank and many other measures to which it was not necessary to refer it had been boasted by some of his friends too that he was the author of the system ot internal improvements he said these things with no unkind feelings but to shew that he should be more circumspect in his declarations where he is himself responsible to a great extent for the con sequences to which he refers the great issues of the campaign of is 10 were furnished by that senator â€” w e had placed a man in the presidential chair upon those issues and who had suc cessfully and gloriously carried out the great principles for which the senator bad contended yet who had ever heard him commend the administration he had sometimes acted with them but he had generally been among the first to give the administration a thrust under the fifth rib why had.it been he would ask the se nator . had it been that the senator had not girded on his armor in defence ofthe administration an administration which has seemed upon ihe pages of history a name more glorious than even any ad ministration which had preceded it one of the wisest so far as its measures were concerned ever known in this country ? \\ by was he seen surrounded after these attacks upon the administration by high minded and honorable senators of the other side with their warm congratula tions ! he hoped he would do himself justice before the close of this debate and take the lead in support of this bill mr calhoun denied that he had oppos ed any measure of the administration which he deemed tight those only of any administration did he support it had been agreed on all bands mr polk inclu ded lhat the annexation of texas was cause for war on the part of mexico he denied that the pit-sent war necessarily grew out of it and contended that it niiirht have been avoided annexation notwith standing lie took bis seat in this body with reluctance and with a sincere de sire to give the administration of mr polk a fair support he had endeavored to perform his duty faithfully and if he had failed it was a question to be settled with his own conscience mr hale said that he had been charg ; ed with being-ft fanatic for declaiming ; that the war had grown out ofthe annex ation of texas lie was happy to have it in bis power when ever aizain so charg ed to call the senator from mi<sissippi to tbe stand and declare upon the responsi bility of his senatorial oath lhat this war grew out of the annexation of texas a measure necessary lor tbe protection of the south it did not come this time irom fanatics but from one ofthe faithful ono ofthe sachems of the tribe mr cass said the question was merely whether the biii should be considered to morrow or at a later day he thought that if any thing was to be done it should be done speedily the delay on the part of the administration bad been occasion ed by their efforts to obtain correct and official information that information had now been obtained and was before them by delay they would be able to obtain nothing further then why delay lie had regretted the remarks made by the distinguished senator from soulh car olina in regard to what he had charac terized this wretched war mr calhoun this rash and precipi tate war mr cass he begged trie senator's pardon but bis expression bad been so quoted here thi morning without contra diction by the senator from mt â€” i>sippi mr calhoun i did not consider il ne cessary to contradict what that senator said mr foote retorted but his remark was not distinctly heard mr cass proceeded chiefly on the caus es of the war and insisting that from all the information before them from the declarations at the time of mexico her seii-_uas a cause ofthe war though be said as now universally admitted no just cause of war mr calhoun replied to tbe remarks of mr cass the question of boundary being introduced and mr cass rejoined mr hanneiran said the object of his motion was prompt action but the debate today was the ' poorest illustration of prompt action he had ever known the question of the annexation of texas hav ing nothing to do with the subject had been dragged in as it always unfortunate ly was on almost every great measure

terms of the watchman for subscription per year two doia-hs payable in nj.uru-e ijut it not paid in advance two dollars and fifty cts will be charged dvertisements inserted at 1 forthe first and 25 cts tor each subsequent insertion court orders charged 25 per et higher than these rates a liberal deduc tion to those who advertise by the year letters to the editors must be postpaid ithe grand division the second quarterly session for 1848 if the grand division of the sons of jvm erance of north carolina held in greens lorough on the 27lh and 23th of april md was a most harmonious and talented iody we had the pleasure of meeting vith several of our brethren from the ilder subordinate divisions with whom ve had before been associated and with l goodly numher from those more recently fstablished and with whom we had the igh gratification of becoming acquainted ion shall we remember with delight the ordial paternal greetings of our breth ren on this occasion and we return to our hirtbors with a stouter heart and more res olute nerve to do battle in the great and glorious warfare we have waged against f^klcohol and ail i;s emissaries we shall not pretend t give even a â™¦. nopsis of the proceedings of the grand l)i vision inasmuch as we are promised by jour worthy grand scribe wilh a detailed iÂ«iccount in time for our next paper but we cannot refrain noticing some ol the leading features attendant upon the as sembling of lhat body the grand division met at ii o'clock ion the 27th and after making all the pre liminary arrangements for the session ad ijnurned to 3 o'clock in the afternoon ; at which hour it again convened proceeded to the initiation of new members when representatives from salem greensboro salisbury and mocksville divisions were presented initiated and duly invested with the regalia of ihe grand division the reports of the g w p and gr scribe were read referred to appropriate com mittees anil after the transaction of some other business adjourned to 7a o'clock at ihe appointed hour the members ol the grand division again repaired to the masonic hall which had been kindly granted by that fraternity for the holding of its sessions and which is also used by greensborough division for holding its meetings where they found a large num ber ot the latter assembled for the pur pose of organizing and proceeding to the presbyterian church to hear an address from bro alexander m carman the in telligent and efficient grand scribe of n carolina soon the hall was crowd ed and the procession formed about 70 in number who with lighted candles in hand and clothed in full regalia proceed ed to the church ; and as the members entered a large and splendid choir of la dies and gentlemen in the gallery broke forth in most mellifluous strains with en rapturing temperance ode this over the services were opened by an appropri ate prayer byourrev brother prof blake of greensborough female college ; and after the singing of aim her beautiful ode brother flake rose and introduced the orator to ihe audience which we hazard nothing in saying was the largest most respectable and attentive we have ever seen assembled in north carolina to hear a temperance address brother carman had been selected by greensborough division some time previ ously to sustain nnd defend the order on this occasion and must handsomely and ably did he acquit himself ; the address being happily adapted to the place the occasion and the audience it was elo quent argumentative and persuasive and c know that every candid mind that lis tened to that manly and successful de fence of the order ol the sons of tem rance was bereft of any prejudices or opposition it might previously have en tertained in regard to it no harsh epi thets or denunciatory terms were read ; it was a calm deliberate nervous appeal to the patriotism llie philanthropy ihe christianity of the audience and well we are certain did the thrilling eloquence and sound logic of the speaker i el i upon the intellectual and moral inhabitants of the model town of greensborough his style was fervid empassioned and earnest and while the flowers of rhetoric which were so chastely interwoven wen well calculated to please and charm the fancy the lorce of ins reasoning and the power ful and truthful arguments adduced could not fail to carry conviction to every can did and unprejudiced mind but who would not talk before such an audience . surrounded by hundreds of smiling fair ones whose beauty lent a fresh charm to the otherwise imposing ceremo nies and of whose sympathy and aid he was well aware and supported by some 70 brethren all clothed in the beautiful nnd significant regalia of our order and resides having such an audience other wise as perhaps no other village in the state could have brought together â€” we bay inspired by such a scene it was suffi cient to cause almost the hitherto mute tongue of silence to break out with music ind elequer.ee but we must desist â€” we earn that brother carman has consented to the publication of the address when ii can read and judge for themselves after the singing of another beautiful ile the " sons took up the line of march or the division room ; arrived at which several brethren addressed the meeting but never shall we forget the inimitable speech of our brother murdoch of hills borough we had never seen it so fully exemplified before that wine is not ne icessary to mirth and that gay hilarity can be felt and indulged without the aid ot strong drink we ire sun no one who heard it will ever forget mat speech the division then adjourned the rand division again met on fri day morning the committees appointed ti the day previous made iheir reports aÂ»d the division proceeded to the consid eration of the question relative to a change the carolina watchman bruiv-r & james ) _ , . on l " keep a cnr.ck upon all your ldilors of proprietors \ rulers ) new series do this and liberty is safe > gen'l harrison ) volume v number 3 salisbury n c thursday may 18 1848 in llie sessions of ihe g d from quar terly to semi-annual when alter a long and able debate it was resolved that our representatives in the national division be left uninstrucled on this subject but left to act as their discretion may dictate the question of petitioning the legisla ture to leave the several counties to de cide at ihe ballot box whether licensing shall be allowed therein after being fully argued was unanimously rejected it be ing considered impolitic and unwise for tlie order to interfere in any matters which might by any means be brought to bear upon the legislature or political af fairs of the country several other matters of interest were disposed of hut we have not time now lo enumerate them voles of thanks were passed to ihe masonic fraternity for the use of their hall to the choir the breth ren of greensborough division and the citizens generally and the grand division adjourned on friday evening to meet in chapel hill on the third thursday in july next â€” communicator from the southerner progress of manufactures in the south we continue lo note the onward progress of industry in the sunny south the planters of 1 cotton ought to see the necessity of cherishing manufactutes amongst us the startling re volutions in europe have for the present al least deprived ihe cotton planters of llie ad vantage of the continental market ; and should great britain become entangled with crum ming thrones and rising republics she may not require much if any cotton until oil be poured over the troubled waters the time is not far off when the planters of cotton may he compelled to look chiefly to home markets for the sale ol their staple and yet a great many of them oppose protection to ihis treat and important branch of business of he united states ! had the tariff of 1842 been permitted to stand the manufacturers of cotton in this country would be consuming his year six or seven bundled thousand bales we doubt if ihey will now use more than four hun dred and fifty thousand with fair proleclion it must be clear to all practical men of business lhat in a few years the domestic consumption of the raw material would reach one million of bales that cotton would be now two cents a pound higher if ihe tariff of 1842 had not been revoked there is no question there is evidently an interest awakening on this subject not altogether discernable the increase of cotlon factories is bringing the sub ject home to the minds ofthe people we no lice lhat two cotlon factories are about to be established in louisville kentucky to be work ed by white laborers louisville is becoming quite a considerable manufacturing city if the hack country was a little more accessible by rail roads she would have a greater increase we hope however to see not only louisville hut all kentucky more energetically at work to increase her industrial pursuits all patties in kentucky are disposed to protect and foster domestic manufactures the georgia manufactures are becoming so important to her general industry that to know the character ol the slate we must know some thing of her manufactures we learn from the savannah republican that the tf s govern ment has made a contract with the milledge ville factory for the delivery ol three hundred thousand yards ot cotton osnaburgs this con tract was made after a comparison by a gov eminent agent in new york of the milledge ville with other like fabrics from other manu factories this is not only a high compliment to the work done in milledgeville but affords unquestionable proof of the remark so frequent lv made that for obvious reasons manfacturin in cotton can be done cheaper in georgia than in the northern states soulh carolina too where once manufac tures were so odious they are springing up in many parts of the state in this respect this state has undergone a remarkable change â€” the carolinian published at columbus says : we were much gratified to find on a recent visit ti lexington that our friend maj henry a meetze in connexion with several other gentlemen are erecting a cotton factory at laurel falls near that healthy village the site is an eligible one and the project is bound lo succeed they expect to start operations in october or early in november we shall give all the particulars of the enterpise as it advan ces towards completion to shew the usefulness of manufactures to all pursuits we copy in conclusion the follow ing account of the planters factory in the slate of georgia from the macon messenger : in our hurried notice last week of some of the productions ofthe above establishment we omitted to give a few statistics which had heen kindly furnished at our request the factory is located on the ockmtilgee river in butts county at a place well known as the seven islands about 35 miles irom macon it is pro pelled by water of which there is an abundant supply at all seasons as its name indicates i it was erected by a number of planters who were anxious to encourage diversity of labor at the south the building is five stories high : runs 2500 spindles and 52 looms and consumes from 800 to 1000 pounds of cotlon per day be ing about 700 bales a year until recently . the company confined their attention exclusive | ly to the production of yarns which were readi | ! ly sold at advantageous prices in the northern i markets they have recently been using what i ' is termed the self-acting mule a highly im proved piece of machinery which spins thread | j of a very superior quality and fineness they have also in complete operalion all the j machinery necessary for carding spinning and i weaving wool and their kerseys are equal to any we have ever seen at present ihe company employ about 80 hands connected with about 25 families thev find no difficulty in procuring operatives and generally make their own selections from the most industrious and worthy applicants : the j wages paid are from six to ten dollars per month i for full hands to give some idea of the ad j vantages of an establishment like the above in ; 1 creating a home market we have the lollowino i | approximate estimate of a lew of the items con j i sumed by the operatives and their families viz : 12.000 lbs flour per year 3.600 bushels corn meal " 0,000 lbs meat " 1,200 bushels potatoes " 1,800 lbs lard " 800 lbs butter " 1,200 poultry " 2,400 lbs coffee " 2,400 lbs sugar " most of the families raise their own vegeta bles and we are informed are rapidly gathering around them the comforts of life a single case i | was related to us by a gentleman connected i j with the establishment which goes far lo illus ! irate the beneficial effects of manufactories j upon an important class of our white population i who would otherwise be reduced to penury and i j idleness a widow lady wilh ten children re ! j sided in the vicinity ol the factory by the i death of her husband she had been left per ' j fectly destitute of the means of support she ' j obtained employment from the company and ! is now receiving lor the services of six of her ! children the sum of thirty-four dollars permonth besides the rent of a comfortable house ! we | have not a doubt lhat a judiciously organized ! i system of manufactories would do more for the \ j poor white population of the southern states i j than all the alms houses which could he estab ! fished what is true in the case of this poor j widow lady is true to a considerable extent of many others the very employment thus ob j tained would secure thousands from the conse miences of vice and infamy and lead to the j formation of habits of economy and industry which may result as has repeatedly been the j case at the north in comfort competency and ; even wealth in almost every community are found families j j similarly situated who are in various ways a ! tax upon the capital and charily of their more j fortunate neighbors is it not infinitely bet ler to furnish them employment and make ! them producers instead of being mere consu j mers ? they dislike lo work side by side with the negroes and will not do it ; but if ihey can i find a pursuit in which servile labor is not i employed we venture to say there is not a class of people on the face of the earth who would he more industrious or thrifty than llie l one of which we speak : then why do not our planters generally imitate the example of the ! original proprietors of the above establishment ' they might not only employ their capital profi j tably but would make valuable cilizens out ; of a class of people who are now too often dri ven by their very necessities to tamper with ; and corrupt our slave population indemnity for the past i paying fifteen millions for foreign territory ' fir which we have no use after spending one ] ; hundred millions in oider to enforce the payment i of three security for the future incorporating several millions of mexicans ; indians and mnlattoes into ihe union either â– as " fiee and enlightened citizens " of our re public or a3 conquered subjects to be kept in . awe by the presence ol a standing army alarlinsburg va gazelle the effect â€” the mobile advertiser one of the most thorough-going advocates of mr clay's nomination in the union and especially hostile j to that of general taylor thus speaks of the i general's letter to mr allison : 'â€¢ the manifesto of gen taylor which we publish this morning will attract general atten tion it is on the whole an excellent paper containing pretty good whig doctrines his views on the veto power are sound and admira bly expressed had he written such a letter six months ago a very different state of things would have existed bom what we now witness in the whig ranks . â€” dcf3 the washington division no 5 sons of temperance of louisville have concluded to subscribe 1000 to the stock of the jeflersonville and columbus rail road this is certainly commendable the division has alreary nearly 2,000 in bank stock and cash richmond and danville rail road we had the pleasure this week of spending an evening with mr jones the assistant engineer of the richmond and danville railroad who paid allying visit to our town and we must say that we are gratified at the flattering account he gives of the eligibility of the routes surveyed mr jones who had formed a favorable opinion of the route before he surveyed it thinks the road can be constructed for a sum not exceeding his original estimate if not for much less the greatest diffi culties the engineers bave yet encounter ed was crossing the ravines and creeks in the neighborhood of charlotte c h but even these presented no serious obstacles two routes and in many places three have been surveyed but the engineers can form no idea which will be adopted ; and for obvious reasons if they knew they ought not to divulge it we are hap py to learn there is so much anxiety on the subject that many freeholders have expressed a willingness to relinquish all damages to which they might be entitled by reason of the road's passing through their lands as an inducement to get it near them and this consideration we doubt not will materially influence the directory in fixing the route the engineers are at present in the neighborhood of whiteville in halifax county ; and may be expected here about the latter part of may the first portion of the road will probably be ready for contractors by the middle of july we may mention in connection with this subject and we take great pleasure in announcing the fact that the friends of the road in patrick county have at last commenced the work of subscription to the stock of the company when we last heard from that county about sixty shares had been taken and we have but little doubt the number will be doubled if not quadrupled in a very short lime this is a good beginning for patrick in halifax too the road is gaining strength many in that county were op posed to the principle involved in the char ter ot the company but this they very properly regard now as a question no longer in issue and therefore they are willing to lend a helping hand in build ing up a work in which they are so di rectly and vitally interested as an evi dence of this feeling it may be mention ed that at april court monday las a meeting was held in which some of the most prominent and influential citizens of county participated and a resolution was adopted inviting mr tunstall to address the people at heir may court on the sub ject of the railroad we believe the cit izens of that county have not been pro perly understood in regard to their feel ings on this subject and we confidently believe that halifax will yet give a liber al subscription to this great work of de liberandi to the roatftke country on the the whole we may congratulate the friends of the work on its present auspi cious prospects â€” danville register volunteers vs regulars loco foco cunning some time ago there was a considera ble effort made by the m democratic prints as well as by some loco foco scrib blers from mexio to array the volunteers of our army against the regulars in vidious comparisons were made and the redoubtable gen gideon j pillow or his friend veritas in that bolstering eflu sion intimated that the martinets of the regular army ought hereafter to hide their diminished heads â€” for gideon and veritas and gen pillow and a few oth er volunteers had conquered ail creation and nearly or quite made the sun to stand still and look on without attempting to decide who have fought best all have fought well we may presume to say that if our brave volunteers have carried the palm it might be not because they have had ihe advantage of superior and better taught officers â€” not because they have been disciplined by superior drill â€” but be cause they went to the battle field actu ated by more patriotic impulses ; because they left their homes and their fire-sides to fight the battles of their own country bearing their own flag and supporting their own government for who can fight like native americans prosecuting their rights real or fancied under the broad american banner ' who can march up to danger and death more fear lessly than proud and brave american freemen with their own glorious stars and stripes streaming over them ? we cannot and will not detract from the hon ors so gloriously won by our volunteers they have fought well â€” covered them selves all over with glory and if the great gideon was not satisfied to be cov ered all over but sought to steal away glory from the regulars that it might be a little more thick on himself and his com mand â€” and if as the pet familiars of the president and the loco focos generally a few months ago asserted the volun teers did throw the regulars into the shade in those glorious fights before mex co we ask for the cause why was it that undisciplined troops just called into ser vice should bear tbe honors from the reg ular army ' we can find but one an swer and that has been intimated above the volunteers are nearly all native am erican citizens while the rank and file of the regulars are mostly of foreign birth they are discontented with ihe tyranny of their own native lands and come to our shores redolent with libertv and equality ready to labor and fi_rhf and die for freedom so say the loco focos they come to america freemen double distilled highly concentrated in full panoply bursting from the brain of tyranny â€” and stand on our own soil free emancipated disenthralled by tbe irresis tible genius c so say the loco focos particularly just before an election well impelled by their love of freedom and fighting they join our army swell its ranks and are led to the wars by as brave and skilful odicers as the world ever saw â€” we should suppose that un der these circumstances ihese fresh born freemen fighting in freedom's great cause would be most accomplished and desper ate warriors how does it happen that the volunteers have shamed them so ? as the loco focos said a few months ago â€” why forsooth there are more volunteers than regulars and an election coming on must be counted well but the rank and file of ihe army proper are mosllyforeign ers and as there are many thousands of such in our cities hey must be counted too now we venture to foretell that from this time until after our fall elec tions the regular army and foreigners generally will be pronounced by loco foco authority to be the best and bravest citizens we have but after that the old story will be repeated that they cannot hold a candle to our brave volunteers f raleigh register yucatan interesting debate in the u s senate we copy from the baltimore sun the following sketch ofthe interesting debate which took place in the united states senate on thursday : mr hannegan chairman of the com mittee on foreign relations reported a bill to enable the president to take tem porary military occupation of yucatan â€” to employ the army and navy ofthe uni ted states for that purpose and to repress the incursions of the savages against ihe white population of that country â€” lo fur nish the white population with arms am munition v_cc.,to repel the attacks of the indians â€” and to authorize the raising of additional volunteers equal in number to replace tbe troops withdrawn from other portions ofthe service for this service in yucatan the bill was twice read and mr han negan moved that it be made the special order for to-morrow mr calhoun thought the day named too early more time should be given for reflection he proposed monday next mr hannegan said it was important that this bill should be acted upon with out delay a day or an hour might in productive of calamitous consequences to the people of yucatan he had seen let ters from lieut murray mason now in the gulf stating that the whole coast was darkened with women and children with out food or clothing mr cass also was in favor of prompt action never a better occasion present ed for them to vindicate before the world the character of the nation mr foote expressed his strongest sur prise at tbe effort to procrastinate action on this bill the senate he said appear ed to be divided into two classes one were for speedy action â€” the other small he hoped for delaying action at least for a limited time he regretted that there should be any hesitation on a question in volving the honor of the nation and he regretted ihe source from which that op position came the senator from south carolina when the message was received had in an exulting manner denounced the positions assumed by the message and made a somewhat extended speech most unkind toward the administration â€” a speech he had no reason to suppose he now regretted he was then prepared lo make a speech already circulated exten sively through the country and calcula ted to do much injury and create much prejudice in the public mind but now when the whole subject had been several days before them was not prepared to act \\ by did he now desire the bill to be postponed when on the day tbe message was sent in he was prepared to rise and pronounce a most uncalled for and vindic tive phillippic against the president on the same subject there was not a single senator he believed who had not made up his mind on the subject so far from being too hasty he believed they had been most shamefully tardy it was so when the french resolutions were introduced â€” the senator from south carolina was not prepared to act â€” we should not proceed to act with too much precipitancy he had seen a disposition manifested by the senate to hurry too rapidly any matter which did not require prompt action and this was one of those cases which should be acted upon immediately if acted upon at all there was no substantial reason for delay mr calhoun saw enough in the mes sage to require from ihis body the most deliberate caution the executive had been in no hurry if he had taken from the 7th of march down to the date of the mes sage tolnake up his mind on the snhject ; surely two or three days would not be con sidered too long for reflection upon the subject in his remarks the other day he had simply expressed his regret that the president should have mixed up a mere question of humanity with other sub jects ot high political consideration mr foote said that the senator himself had also mittd up with the subject ano ther of high political consideration he had retewed to the present war wilh mex ico and declared that he had hoped its results had taught the president a lesson this war which the senator said had cost the country 30,000 lives a war brought on in a great measure by the act of the annexation of texas a measure neces sary tor the protection of the south and ot southern interests for which the ad ministration of which the senator was then a prominent member was mainlv responsible in regard to the movement oi the army from corpus christi to the rio grande he had believed that cen taylor would wilh some of jackson's in dependence of character assume the re sponsibility of his own acts and he now had it from an authentic source that gen taylor scorning to skulk had assumed such responsibility the senator from south carolina he must be permitted to tell bim occupied a peculiar position before the country on subjects of this kind the senator he believed had once been in favor of a na tional bank and many other measures to which it was not necessary to refer it had been boasted by some of his friends too that he was the author of the system ot internal improvements he said these things with no unkind feelings but to shew that he should be more circumspect in his declarations where he is himself responsible to a great extent for the con sequences to which he refers the great issues of the campaign of is 10 were furnished by that senator â€” w e had placed a man in the presidential chair upon those issues and who had suc cessfully and gloriously carried out the great principles for which the senator bad contended yet who had ever heard him commend the administration he had sometimes acted with them but he had generally been among the first to give the administration a thrust under the fifth rib why had.it been he would ask the se nator . had it been that the senator had not girded on his armor in defence ofthe administration an administration which has seemed upon ihe pages of history a name more glorious than even any ad ministration which had preceded it one of the wisest so far as its measures were concerned ever known in this country ? \\ by was he seen surrounded after these attacks upon the administration by high minded and honorable senators of the other side with their warm congratula tions ! he hoped he would do himself justice before the close of this debate and take the lead in support of this bill mr calhoun denied that he had oppos ed any measure of the administration which he deemed tight those only of any administration did he support it had been agreed on all bands mr polk inclu ded lhat the annexation of texas was cause for war on the part of mexico he denied that the pit-sent war necessarily grew out of it and contended that it niiirht have been avoided annexation notwith standing lie took bis seat in this body with reluctance and with a sincere de sire to give the administration of mr polk a fair support he had endeavored to perform his duty faithfully and if he had failed it was a question to be settled with his own conscience mr hale said that he had been charg ; ed with being-ft fanatic for declaiming ; that the war had grown out ofthe annex ation of texas lie was happy to have it in bis power when ever aizain so charg ed to call the senator from misippi mr calhoun i did not consider il ne cessary to contradict what that senator said mr foote retorted but his remark was not distinctly heard mr cass proceeded chiefly on the caus es of the war and insisting that from all the information before them from the declarations at the time of mexico her seii-_uas a cause ofthe war though be said as now universally admitted no just cause of war mr calhoun replied to tbe remarks of mr cass the question of boundary being introduced and mr cass rejoined mr hanneiran said the object of his motion was prompt action but the debate today was the ' poorest illustration of prompt action he had ever known the question of the annexation of texas hav ing nothing to do with the subject had been dragged in as it always unfortunate ly was on almost every great measure