-inner epithelium (alignment of digestive tract), lining of the gut, and respiratory tract

Fecundity

Egg laying capacity

Embryotic Development

Mitosis and Cell Movement

Live Bearing Animals

Viviparous & Ovoviparous

*Nurished through mothers blood in placenta*

Viviparous

Mothers that give birth to live young that develop from eggs in the body

Ovoviparous

Organisms where the eggs are found in the mothers body, they hatch inside her, but the offspring is NOT nourished in her blood stream

Egg Laying Animals

Oviparous

Oviparous

The mother lays eggs, and they hatch outside of her body

Morula

Solid ball of cells

Blastula

Hollow ball of cells - contain fluid

Diplobastic

Two cell layers

phylum Cnidaria

Triploblastic

All three germ layers

Cleavage Patterns

Holoblastic Equal

Holoblastic Unequal

Meroblastic

Holoblastic equal

Whole zygote cleaves and cells are the same size after cleavage.

Very small amount of yolk evenly distributed

Holoblastic unequal

Type of cleavage pattern where the whole zygote undergoes cleavage but the blastomeres are not the same size. There is an animal vegetal hemisphere. Cleavage occurs rapidly in the animal pole and slowly in the vegetal pole. An example is frog eggs. For gastrulation, the invagination occurs in the vegetal pole.

Meroblastic

Type of cleavage pattern where the entire zygote does not undergo cleavage. Only a small part of the zygote cleaves through mitosis. This occurs in eggs that have a large amount of yolk. An example is a chicken egg.

Gastrulation

Development of the blastula into the gastrula

Gastrula in embryos of sea star (Phylum Echinodermata)

holoblastic equal cleavage

Blastopore forms anus - deuterostomia

coelom surrounded by mesoderm which forms as out pouching from the guy - enterocoelous

Gastrulation in embryos of polychaete (Phylum Annelida)

Holoblastic Equal

Blastopore forms mouth - Protostomia

Coelem surrounded by mesoderm which forms a solid sheet of cells prior to splitting - Schizoceolous

Gastrulation, Extra embryonic membranes in chick embryo

Meroblastic cleavage

Deuterostomia - anus forms first

Entercoelous - out pouching from gut

Notochord

function of support rod

dorsal hollow

derived from ectoderm, becomes the spinal chord - extension coming off the brain