Estimation of Average Vehicle Speeds Traveling on Heterogeneous Lanes Using Bluetooth Sensors

The authors investigate the problem of estimating the average speeds of vehicles traveling in different types of lanes, e.g., express lanes and local lanes, without knowing which lanes individual vehicles were traveling in. In their study, they use the recordings at two spatially separated Bluetooth sensors, which contain the globally unique Bluetooth device addresses of Bluetooth-enabled devices inside vehicles. These recordings are used to compute the vehicle speeds. Unfortunately, these recordings do not tell one which lanes the vehicles were traveling in and hence do not allow them to directly estimate the separate average speeds of vehicles, for example, in express lanes and local lanes or in High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes and regular lanes.