Although many businesses don't anticipate being affected -- 54% of respondents said it would have no impact on their firms -- many are still considering putting off major investments in their businesses, said Daniels.

Small businesses have mixed feelings about who is responsible for the impasse. "[But] When it comes down to it, small businesses want Congress to get back to their jobs so that they can do theirs," said Daniels.

The survey was conducted on Oct. 2 through Oct.4 by Thumbtack.com, an online service that connects more than 275,000 small businesses and freelancers with prospective customers.