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Saturday, May 23, 2020

Austin Norris Terry White English 1301 October 14, 2014 Capital Punishment as an Issue of Bias Aristotle once said Ã¢â¬Å"the generality of men are naturally apt to be swayed by fear rather than reverence, and to refrain from evil rather because of punishment that it brings than because of its own foulness.Ã¢â¬  Capital punishment has been intertwined in United States history for centuries with a number of crimes that could lead to the death penalty if convicted, many of them are some form of murder. Since 1977, three thousand and ninety-five defendants have been on death row and of that, only one thousand thirty eight defendants have actually been executed. But the perilous question is whether or not the defendants were sentenced based on solely the facts and nature of the crime or crimes, or were there other contributing factors that influenced the severity of the verdict. There are several social controversies that surround the people who are sent to death row, predominately bias and discrimination issues which are based on ethnicity, gender, and mental health. The death penalty was implemented to punish those deserving of such a punishment, however according to Cohan and Smith Ã¢â¬Å"race based arbitrariness Ã¢â¬Å"could inhibit the fairness of the administration of punishmentÃ¢â¬  (Cohen and Smith). The statistical study suggested that defendants had a higher probability of receiving the death penalty for a case involving a white victim than a black victim. The Death Row Report U.S.A.,Show MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Is The Punishment Of Execution1707 Words Ã |Ã 7 PagesKacie Trapp Mr. Sneeden English 1010 6 November 2015 Essay 3: The Personal as Political The death penalty is Ã¢â¬Å"the punishment of execution, administered to someone legally convicted of a capital crime.Ã¢â¬  Currently, thirty-six countries practice this punishment, 103 countries have abolished it for all crimes, and six countries have abolished it except for special circumstances. The death penalty has been around for a very long time in the United States, with the first recorded execution being thatRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Wrong And Inhumane Essay1170 Words Ã |Ã 5 Pagesworld and it is our responsibility as a society to see that capital punishment is wrong and inhumane. Some oppositions to the death penalty include racial bias in death sentencing, capital punishment is irreversible, capital punishment costs more than incarceration, and poor quality defense leaves many sentenced to death. Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is the notion of legal authorization of killing a person as punishment for a crime they have committed. The first established deathRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Disparities On Death Row 863 Words Ã |Ã 4 PagesBeing sent to Death Row is the highest prosecution a criminal could be sentenced to and the process when determining of someone deserves a death sentence is a very bias decision. Since 1977 when capital punishment was restored there has been about 20,600 homicides and only about .7 death sentences for every 100 homicides has been given in the Cook county. The decision to impose a death sentence is not only based on the crime done but also the race of the victim. Attorneys at a state level has a lessRead MoreCapital Punishment During The Colonial Era1165 Words Ã |Ã 5 Pages The public opinion within the United States on capital punishment has fluctuated since its early establishment during the colonial era. The debate about the use of capital punishment has been shaped by factors such as class, gender, age but most importantly race. During the colonial era, Britain was the biggest influence on America when it came to utilizing the death penalty. The death penalty was used for minor offenses such as stealing, killing animals, and trading with Indians. As the late 1700sRead MorePersuasive Essay : Capital Punishment1200 Words Ã |Ã 5 Pages2015 Capital Punishment Capital punishment, which is also known as the death penalty, is the punishment of a crime by execution. This extreme retribution is reserved for those who have committed heinous, or capital crimes against society, therefore considered an ongoing threat. Capital punishment was abolished from the Canadian Criminal Code in 1976. It was substituted with a compulsory life sentence without possibility of parole for 25 years for all first-degree murders. However capital punishmentRead MoreDeath Penalty On Violent Criminals1520 Words Ã |Ã 7 PagesBrandon Bechtel Miller English 1301 B5 28 November 2015 Death Penalty on Violent Criminals The Death penalty, known as capital punishment is when a criminal is executed by a governing authority. We (the United States) continue to allow the death penalty. Many countries make the death penalty illegal. Many discussions over this being legal, moral ethical, and economic ramifications of the death penalty are continuous across the world. Most of the nations have at one time made the death penaltyRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty Essay1690 Words Ã |Ã 7 PagesLiterature Review Capital punishment is defined as Ã¢â¬Å"a form of sentencing where the convicted person is ordered to death by the court system (Dotson and Carter, 2012, p.1). Capital punishment also known as the death penalty is one of the most controversial issues in todayÃ¢â¬â¢s society. Many supporters and opponents of the death penalty debate over whether it is constitutional, whether it is inhumane, and whether it deters crime. Some abolitionists view the death penalty as immoral because it violatesRead MoreBureau Of Justice Statistics : The United States Primary Source For Criminal Justice1439 Words Ã |Ã 6 PagesCapital Punishment. Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). U.S. Department of Justice. 25 Nov. 2014. Web. Web. 25 Nov. 2014. Bureau of Justice Statistics is the United States primary source for criminal justice statistics. The website has published information on crime, criminal offenders, victims of crime, and the operation of justice systems at all levels of government. According to Bureau of Justice Statistics, Ã¢â¬Å"The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) is a component of the OfficeRead More Against Capital Punishment Essay1273 Words Ã |Ã 6 PagesAgainst Capital Punishment What is the true value of a human life and how can one trade it for another? IsnÃ¢â¬â¢t it said repetitively in religion and government that each life should be treated equally? Then, how are we allowed to condemn a person to death? How can we make abortion illegal but capital punishment legal in certain circumstances? No matter what way you look at it capital punishment is murder. If each year there is about 250 people added to death row and 35 executed imagine how manyRead MoreEssay on The Death Penalty1543 Words Ã |Ã 7 PagesCapital Punishment The Death Penalty In the United States many crimes are committed every day, people killing another person, raping innocent children. I strongly believe that people who committed a crime should be punished and punished harshly and those who commit harm to another person should die. The Capital Punishment is a controversial topic that affects society as a whole and causes a great deal of disagreement. Capital punishment is the government legally kills an individual as punishment

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

Enron Corporation was once known as Northern Natural Gas Company, Founded in 1932 in Omaha, Nebraska as a provider of natural gas. Through its early stages, Northern Natural Gas Company was unsuccessful in their business venture. They experienced problems in persuading consumers to use natural gas to heat their homes because of fear that natural gas leaks lead to explosions. Thanks to the great depression, many people were taking the risk because of how relatively cheap natural gas was. As the companyÃ¢â¬â¢s revenues and profit grew, northern began to acquire many of its smaller competitors resulting in their apparent growth as a company. In 1947 its stock was listed on the New York stock exchange, providing the company with more finances which it needed to continue its growth in acquiring its competitors to becoming the largest natural gas supplier in the United States. In 1980, Northern Natural Gas Company changed its name to InterNorth, Inc in which over the next few years the company management extended the scope of the companyÃ¢â¬â¢s operations. InterNorth invested in oil exploration, chemicals, coal mining and fuel-trading operating but the companyÃ¢â¬â¢s focus always remained the natural gas industry where it tried so hard to dominate in its industry. In 1985, InterNorth purchased Houston Natural Gas Company for 2.3 billion allowing them to achieve their long sought goal of becoming the largest natural gas company in the United States. In 1986, InterNorth went through its lastShow MoreRelated The Enron Scandal Essay803 Words Ã |Ã 4 Pagesestablished in 1930 as Northern Natural Gas Company and joined with three other companies to undertake this industry. The four companies eventually began to break apart between 1941 and 1947 as a result of a public stock offering. In 1979, Northern Natural Gas was placed under new management when it was bought by InterNorth Inc. In 1985, Kenneth Lay, CEO of Houston Natural Gas Company devised a transaction for InterNorth to purchase Houston Natural Gas. Lay was named CEO of the new company and changed InterNorthsRead MoreUnethical Behavior at Enron862 Words Ã |Ã 4 Pagesname was formerly Northern Natural Gas Company, which was formed in 1932 in Omaha, Nebraska. But in 1985, it bought the smaller Houston Natural Gas and finally changed its name to Enron. The Ã¢â¬Å"crooked EÃ¢â¬  logo was designed in the 1990s. Enron was well known for transmitting and distributing electricity and gas throughout the United States. Enron developed, built, and operated power plants and pipelines while dealing with the rules of law. They owned a huge network of natural gas pipelines which spreadRead MoreThe Merger Between Houston Natural Gas Company1077 Words Ã |Ã 5 Pagesthe Omaha-based Northern Natural Gas Company, an interstate pipeline company formed in 1932. In 1979, the Northern Natural Gas Company merged under their holding company InterNorth. Accordingly, InterNorth branched into a more diversified energy company working in natural gas marketing, production, and transmission alongside plastics innovation and other energy-related products. In 1985, during the reorganization of the merger between Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth, the company named itself Ã¢â¬Å"HNG/InterNorthRead MoreEnrons Accounting Fraud1304 Words Ã |Ã 6 PagesSCANDAL INTRODUCTION: Northern Natural Gas Company (the ancestor of ENRON) was established in 1930. In 1979, Inter North Inc. bought Northern Natural Gas Company and placed itÃ under a new management. In the 1980s, theÃ United States Congress passed legislation deregulating the sale ofÃ natural gas.Ã At the beginning of the 1990s, Congress passed a similar legislation targeted at the sales of electricity. These steps launched a new era in the energy market, allowing companies like ENRON to prosper.Read MoreEnron Was An American Gas Company1480 Words Ã |Ã 6 Pagesaccounting scams in history. Enron was an American gas company that arose as the Northern Natural Gas Company in 1931. Internorth was a holding company in headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska, purchased the Northern Natural Gas Company and restructured it is 1979. Founder Kenneth Lay formed the company by merging the two companies and created Enron. Enron was founded in 1985, as one of the world s leading electricity, natural gas, communic ations and paper companies. The History of Enron Throughout the lateRead MoreSupply Of Resource Oil Market, Aidan Harvey, The Founder And Current Executive Director Of Tullow Oil829 Words Ã |Ã 4 Pagesdirector of Tullow oil plc established and incorporated the company in 1985. The company has been in operation for a period of 30 years in the oil industry. It is the leading independent company in oil and gas exploration mostly operating in Africa and Atlantic Margins. The main activity has been exploring and producing light oil and it has 148 licenses in about 24 countries approximated to be in 67 fields in operations. The base assets of the company are in both onshore and offshore oil exploration andRead MoreCanadian Natural Resources And Natural Gas1593 Words Ã |Ã 7 Pagesproduction of crude oil and natural gas are to be known as the Canadian Natural Resources. It is an Energy Company that is situated in Calgary, Alberta. From the early 1980s, this company has developed from less than a 10 employees and a market capitalizati on of $1 billion to one employing 3700 employees with a market capitalization of $30 billion ranking number 251 on Forbes list in 2010. The emergence of rapid growth has come due to attainments and organic growths. Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ) is aRead MoreChallenges And Barrier And Soluations For Chinese Companies At China Pakistan Economic Corridor ( Cpec )1655 Words Ã |Ã 7 PagesCHALLENGES/BARRIER AND SOLUATIONS FOR CHINESE COMPANIES AT CHINA PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR (CPEC) Abstract: In this paper, focus on the risks and challenges in the process of construction of CPEC. There are lot of studies about the importance of CPEC, benefits and impact on future economy of both countries. This paper attempts to explain the challenges, due to security issues, culture difference between china and Pakistan, energy issue in Pakistan, political, conflict in Balochistan, tribal issuesRead MoreAlliant Energy Strategy Analysis And Analysis1075 Words Ã |Ã 5 PagesWisconsin is a public utility company openly traded on the New York Stock Exchange. Alliant Energy specializes in generating and distributing natural gas to nearly 420,000 customers and approximately 1 million electric customers in central and southern Wisconsin (Alliant Energy). In additional, they provide similar services throughout northern Iowa and southern Minnesota through their subsidiary companies: Interstate Power and Light Company (IPL) and Wisconsin Power and Light Company (WPL). Alliant EnergyRead MoreAgency Theory : Relationship Between Agents And The Business Essay1550 Words Ã |Ã 7 PagesworldÃ¢â¬â¢s largest energy company in 2001. Enron forerunner, Northern Gas Company was incorporated in Delaware on April 25, 1930. From this date through July 1985, Enron had hundreds of purchases and new sub-entity constructions when they acquired Houston Natural Gas Inc. (Kastantin, 2005). On April 10, 1986, the company changed its name to Enron Corporation. Enron was an interstate and intrastate natural gas pipeline company, then later in 1989 Enron started trading natural gas commodities (Sridharan

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The conduct and process of psychoanalysis are sometimes defined by selfobject transferences that Ã¢â¬ËmirrorÃ¢â¬â¢ the true mind and feeling of the person concerned. In the first example, it is revealed that patients sometimes express Ã¢â¬Ëcross-sectional snapshotÃ¢â¬â¢ when they crave for recognition or admiration, as an effect of not feeling proud with their accomplishments. This Ã¢â¬Ëopening moveÃ¢â¬â¢ would progress towards a convergence and then would progress resolutely, while the psychoanalyst deals with the pathognomonic selfobject transference that is reflected in the analytic atmosphere, to come up with the development of Ã¢â¬ËtrustÃ¢â¬â¢ and a Ã¢â¬Ëfeeling of safetyÃ¢â¬â¢. We will write a custom essay sample on Article Critiques on Counseling Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now Analytic relationship needs contribution from each of the individuals, which is why, in the process, accepting, understanding and explaining past experiences are detrimental for a successful psychoanalysis. Understanding the fantasies, needs and demands leads to empathy. In the second example, it was described how patientsÃ¢â¬â¢ responsiveness stems from accepting Ã¢â¬ËtheirÃ¢â¬â¢ reality (Ornstein, 1998, par. 22) as well as accepting Ã¢â¬ËtheirÃ¢â¬â¢ meanings and functions of reality (Ornstein, 1998, par. 24). PREMISE: The process of empathy is the best way to conduct clinical psychoanalysis. PROCEDURE: Centrality of the concept of the selfobject transferences was emphasized by means of defining the nature of the process, by focusing on the experiences of the patients, and by coming up with some general statements made out of the details. FINDINGS: Empathy and selfobject transferences are the basis of self psychology. REACTION: This is reasonably true, since psychological treatment can only be successful with both ends (or individuals) meeting at a common point. ARTICLE: Ornstein, P. H. (1998). My current view of the psychoanalytic process. Retrieved April 2, 2007, from the Psychology of the Self database: http://www. selfpsychology. com/1998conf/abstracts/pre_Conference_Ornstein. htm. Article Critique #2: Existential theory SUMMARY: The essence of the soul rests on Ã¢â¬Ëself-motionÃ¢â¬â¢, while its reversal rests on passivity (Riker, 2003, par. 13). As disintegrating forces would lead to passivity, then ethical breaks the repression made by passivity, so that there is self-motion and life in the soul. As reason and virtues control desires and emotions, then it leads to growth, development and actualization. However, in the modern concept of the soulÃ¢â¬â¢s life, Ã¢â¬Å"[l]ife is that which must disrupt itself in order to liveÃ¢â¬  (Raiker, 2003, par. 18). It must be a free spirit that lives with the will-to-power soul of a child, which exceedingly values life itselfÃ¢â¬ ¦ the willingness to live, as life is the motion of the soul. This defines chaos as the proper breeding of a soulÃ¢â¬â¢s life, meaning that the most alive soul in the modern era is the Ã¢â¬Ëalienated individualÃ¢â¬â¢ that experiences struggle and isolation. HYPOTHESIS: There are different versions on how a soul may be able to achieve its life to the fullest, some of which are under self-motion, passivity and chaos. PROCEDURE: Findings come from the classical and modern conceptions of the soulÃ¢â¬â¢s life, as well as some ecological resolutions. FINDINGS: Classical theories are very much opposite to the modern theories of today. What deeply nourishes the life of the soul now appears to be under the event of chaos and disruption. But as this means developing a self or Ã¢â¬ËIÃ¢â¬â¢ that is capable of living in reality without repression or submission, the soul should choose its own way of living, which may be a multitude of various ways and paths. REACTION: I agree that diversity should be valued by all means. This implies that there is no single way in which a soul may live to the fullest. It depends on state of reality. ARTICLE: Riker, J. H. (2003). The life of the soul: an essay in ecological thinking. Retrieved April 2, 2007, from the Psychology of the Self Online database: http://www. psychologyoftheself. com/papers/riker. htm. Article References: Ornstein, P. H. (1998). My current view of the psychoanalytic process. Retrieved April 2, 2007, from the Psychology of the Self database: http://www. selfpsychology. com/1998conf/abstracts/pre_Conference_Ornstein. htm. Riker, J. H. (2003). The life of the soul: an essay in ecological thinking. Retrieved April 2, 2007, from the Psychology of the Self Online database: http://www. psychologyoftheself. com/papers/riker. htm. How to cite Article Critiques on Counseling Theory, Papers

Saturday, May 2, 2020

JNI JNI no no and and into Into den den ninth ninth No end an ant near land Nine nails one ten F g fig fig go go gone gone ring ring garage garage Fig fig golf golf eggs eggs eager eager legal legal To go he got Togo to Gig the fog is to golf Ski deed raft n] 10 De is J often FRR hag art His Jet an old fort do al long skit she left the An an go go Ink Ink dig dig sing sing angle angle Log on sign It and gold fine song right angle Do do go go of of or or he he it it Is is and and If it is is is to go he or she to do this of the signShe had a fine old oak desk a Jet Is right there He told a Joke need for she goes there at eight He took the Jar along she said he did it for her The list on the desk go right after the Jet goes Zinc quiz zero quota kazoo dazzle inquire equalize Zone amazed us all on the quiz but did the squad Except except expel export explore explain express Expect Max to fix apple pie for the next six days Vim mama van dim have move vamp more dive time five Vial drove th em to the mall In my vivid maroon van Their sick dog slept by the oak chair in the hallNancy ms go with us to the city Jane may go too Engel saw a quick red fox Jump over the lazy cubs Jacky can now give six big tips from the old quiz Sw JNI xx; p Fiji deejay Frito CD h] guff Feb. Jet Jet club kick owned maybe sixth vacant shelter Six view north maybe pencil number western mention Byway button known cute sent enjoy gems five gripe Like each work kept turn made duty check Just have Begin where jury down vote exist came eight except If they go they kept it without them on their farm To leave It please expect to review It so much funKevin does a top Job on your flax farm with Craig Dixon flew blue jets eight times over the city park Adam beaded always had a pancake at nanas annual breakfast Bobby probably fibbed about being a busboy for bobs bistro Cody can check with the conceited concierge about the clock David delegate was displeased with the reduced deemed rate Pete was better after leaf keeper officially failed four of five finals on Friday Gregg granddaughter Gwen gave me a gold egg for a gift Hans helped her wash the cheap dishes when he got home investigate the significance of insignias to institutions edge James told Jon to adjourn the Jury until June o r July Knock khaki knickknack kicks and kayak have multiple KS Lillian left her landlord in the village to collect dollars rhea minimum amount may make the mission impossible for many Ann wants Nathan to know when negotiations begin and finish Roberto bought an overcoat to go to an open house on Monday Philipp purchased a pepper plant from the pompous peddler Quince quickly questioned the adequacy of the quirky quotes Our receiver tried to recover after arm surgery on ThursdayRuss said it seems senseless to suggest this to his sisters rabbets trusted Tim not to meddle with the next time report She was unusually subdued upon returning to our summerhouse Vivian vacated the vast village with five vivacious vandals Nearer will work two weeks on woodwork with the wise owners Max expected the six tax experts to expand the export taxes fees by years end Jaime may be ready to pay you your money Zelda quizzed jack on the zoology quiz in the sizzling heat No was Shakespeare? Few would questio n he was the greatest individual, or one of he greatest individuals, ever to write a play. His works have endured the test of time. Productions of his plays continue to take place on stages of theaters all over the Nor.Shakespeare was an expert at creating comedies, and tragedies, both of which often leave the audience in tears. Few of those who put pen to paper have been successful at creating prized images for their readers as Shakespeare. Every character he created has a life of its own. It is entirely possible that more middle school and high school students know about the tragedy that Romeo and Juliet experienced than know about the one that took place at pearl harbor. Neither you are an intense lover of music or simply enjoy hearing good music, you are more likely aware of the work completed by Beethoven, the German composer. He is generally recognized as on of the greatest composers to ever live.Much of his early Nor was influenced by those who wrote music in Austria, Haydn and Mozart. It can be argued whether Beethoven was a classical or romantic composer. This depends upon which period of time in his life the music was written. His exquisite music has elements of both. It has been said that his early works brought to a conclusion the classical age. It has also been stated that Beethovens later work started the romantic age of music. Austria is a rather small country, about three times the size of Vermont, located between Germany and Italy. The best known of the cities in this country is Vienna. Region, particularly in the area of performing arts.Another place that has played an important part in the exquisite culture of the area is the city of Salisbury. Salisbury is agonized as a great city for the performing arts, particularly music. Just as important, however, is that the city is the birthplace of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, one of the greatest composers of all time. Perhaps no other composer had an earlier start at his professional endeavors than did Mozart. It is thought that he began playing at the age of four and began composing at the age of five. Dairy and Jasmine gave a quick example of two helping verbs. The exam on may 28 for 50 points will test pages 396 to 471. Did the field auditor sign the amendment forms for the city?

Monday, March 23, 2020

Definition of intelligence Essay One area of particular interest is intelligence. The first issue is the definition of intelligence. Some see intelligence as related to adaptation to the environment, the qualitative aspects. But most definitions relate to the quantitative aspects of intelligence, the measurement of intelligence using psychometric tests, in order to compare how much of it different people possess. In 1911 Binet developed what is generally accepted as the first intelligence test, with the aim of identifying children who needed extra academic help. He did this by developing a range of questions and establishing how old a child should be when it could first answer them, children who took the test could then be compared to what was considered to be the norm. As with all areas of the nature nurture debate there are some extreme views. One such view is that of Galton, a nativist. In 1884 he wrote a paper on hereditary genius, in which he showed that eminent people in society tended to be related, and that genius seemed to run in families. He argued that this showed that intelligence must be inherited (Hayes and Orrell 1998, P.31). Behaviourists would argue this view by pointing out that something that runs in families does not necessarily happen because it is genetic, as families also provide a certain environment, and this can also have a substantial influence on intelligence. An example of this is Skeels (1966) study of a group of children removed from orphanages into more stimulating environments. Most of those raised by foster mothers showed significant improvements in their IQ, whereas those raised in the orphanage had dropped out of high school, or were still institutionalised or not self-supporting. We will write a custom essay sample on Definition of intelligence specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Definition of intelligence specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Definition of intelligence specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Gender identity is another area of the nature nurture debate. One argument is that girls and boys learn to behave differently through being treated differently and by observing others and imitating what they see to be sex-appropriate behaviour. For example, boys are given cars and guns to play with, their rooms decorated in blue with an emphasis on more boisterous play and assertive behaviour, whereas girls are given dolls and wear pink dresses with an emphasis on nurturtant behaviour. The opposing argument is that males and females are biologically programmed for certain activities associated with gender roles. A very famous, but sad, supporting example is that of David Reimer. As a result of an accident during circumcision, one of a pair of identical twins lost his penis. At 22 months he was surgically castrated, oestrogen was given and a vaginal canal constructed. He was subsequently raised as a girl named Joan. Aged 4, Joan preferred dresses to trousers, took pride in her appearance and was cleaner than her brother. Psychologists Money and Erhardt (1972) used these findings to support the view that gender identity is inherited. In reality Joan suffered years of bullying and was an extremely unhappy adolescent. Just before her 16th birthday Joan decided to stop living as a girl and underwent sex change surgery just before his 16th birthday. He made several attempts on his life before having a second operation on his penis aged 21. He did meet and fall in love with a single mother of three children, but his unhappy childhood continued to haunt him until he committed suicide in 2004, he was in his late thirties. (Gross 2005, P.626) In conclusion, and after taking into account all the evidence I dont think it is possible to say that any aspect of human development happens purely because of biological or environmental influences. I would have to agree with the interactionists and say that human traits are determined by both nature and nurture, though Im sure the debate over the relative contributions of each will continue until the end of time. Bibliography Sources Hayes, N., and Orrell, S., 1998.Ã Psychology an Introduction. 3rd ed.Ã Essex: Pearson EducationÃ Gross, R. 2005.Ã Psychology The Science of Mind and Behaviour. 5th ed.

Friday, March 6, 2020

Free Essay Example of Ariel Psychoanalysis Essay Ariel Psychoanalysis Essay Example The character Ariel from the film The Little Mermaid by Disney is a 1989 film based on a comic book In the film, Ariel is the youngest of the seven daughter of the sea king Triton whom lost their mother at an earlier age but under care of a grandmother as a substitute. Triton as a king as set up restrictions for all her princesses and all of the six siblings conforms to the fathers logical restrictions but Ariel. Unlike her siblings who love living the normal mermaid life in the deep waters of the sea, Ariel is interested in living in a different niche altogether and she is ready to assert for her independence regardless of her fathers authoritative declaration never to help or talk to human beings from the land. Ariels father is very understanding and treats Ariel with delicate words of love and affection in order to win her over to understand the perils of interacting with strangers who live in the land. Contrary to the water entities, Ariels interest grows for human contact that she seeks an adventure into sunken ships to find pieces of items and clatter that can remind her of h uman existence apart from the mermaid lifestyle. Although Triton feels obligated to provide the best care and love for Ariel, he feels destined to direct his daughter mermaid from the wrong path of life into the normal lifestyle of all mermaids in the sea. Emotionally, Ariel is attached to a young man Eric whom she saves from drowning in the sea and she later finds a statue of him in the sunken ship and adores the bust as she would admire and lavish Eric himself. Triton painful discovers that her daughter is making trips into the deep-sea sunken ship to make contact with the bust of Eric and he is distressed by the action that he destroys the bust using his wands magic power that disintegrates the bust to powder. Ariel is disoriented by the actions ad she protests by running away from her fathers presence to a distance deep sea where she sought help from a sea witch to become human and marry Eric. Mermaid live for over 300 years while normal human beings live for half the time; therefore, Ariels conviction to marry a human is costly to her immortal life which is not the same with human beings who die. Ariel is a teenager seeking romance and she fell in love with Eric after kissing him at the beach just after rescuing him from the sinking ship. Ariels desire for human lover unlike other mermaids is directly linked with her spirit of adventure. However, her spirit of adventure is extreme and contrary to the customs of the mermaids who have to marry among themselves since it is a taboo to marry or engage with the human species. Little Mermaid presents Ariel as an interesting personality with normal humanistic dreams of finding a teenager lover. Ariels love for humans is considered a taboo but she fights to attain her goal of turning into a better soul as an air spirit instead of turning into sea foam. Ariel is smart in that she knows that her destiny is turning into a sea form an d she plans on how to escape the trap by learning to be loved by a human from whom she would receive an eternal soul for her good deed after dissolving from the human body into spirit. Transformation within the culture of the mermaids in the sea is into human culture is centered on logical and ethical concerns; since Triton remain ignorant of human ethics, he rejects all forms of help that mermaids may extend to human sailors drowning. Triton considers the human race as a corrupt group of beings who lack appreciation and manners likened to the mermaid culture. The mermaids remain under a strong paternal control who maintains the relationship as an ultimate king who makes non-revocable decisions that young mermaids and their mothers have to follow without questioning. Triton attacks Ariels hideout and destroys her hoarded bust and other clutter in the sunken ship to assert his authority to give the law and ethical edicts over all mermaids in the sea. Mermaids learn from older mermaids. Besides gaining knowledge from experiences they encounters in the sea, Ariel is inquisitive and leans her way by discovering by herself the diverse happenings in the sea. Ariel is only sixteen years old and she is in need of a lover from the human race instead of the mermaid group of entities to which she is a member. Psychoanalysis The journey of the Little Mermaid is to gain immortality and she sacrifices her voice to the sea witch in return for human feet with which to walk on land and search for her lover. Freud discuses the Oedipal crisis in which a girl blames a mother for her lack of a phallus and thus seeks close relationship with father in hope of attaining the phallus. At puberty, Ariel is clearly affected by the Oedipal crisis wand since his father is inaccessible due to taboo of incest, she owns a male statue of Eric, the human she fell in love with at her journey to see humans. The world before she left her mermaid world is a pre-Oedipal dominated world in which her grandmother, mother, and six sisters dominate her daily experience, which she now rejects. Unlike the mermaid world that is dominated by female, the curiosity to learn about the patriarchal human world brings about satisfaction that she desires to acquire the human body and marry a human being to save her soul. Ariel directed her phallic desire towards Eric whom she found intensely interesting that she sacrificed herself as a mermaid by losing her voice and her mermaid feet to attain human feet without a voice. Ariels castration of tongue and feet to acquire the phallic symbol in Eric the human prince is a Freudian concept The willingness to suppress the female mermaid voice before turning into human form is directed by the desire for the phallus. The sea witch who castrates the girl mermaid to achieve her dream represents the female aggressor who prevents the girl from overcoming her oedipal challenge since without a voice, Ariel remained dumb and without the force of expression, Eric rejected her crippled stance. Equally, the sea witch offered Ariel a dagger to destroy the prince if she failed to kiss him within 3 days in order to remain human forever. Moreover, when she failed, she displayed her need for paternal protection, which is synonymous with the Freudian theory. Freud asserts that life needs a bridge and paternal security is the most privileged position to facilitate security. According to Freud, Ariel was born with the Id intact and that being the basic drive of want, Ariel cries whenever she feels unpleasant about her experience. Ariel cried when her father destroyed the bust of Eric she kept at her garden away from everyone. Although Ariel knew that her father restricted relations with human beings, she still cried when Erics statue was destroyed to debris because of her id. Secondly, Ariels ego, which is based on the reality principle developed after her father, destroyed the bust of Eric when she decides to face reality by begging the sea witch to turn her into human form to pursue Eric. However, the superego of Ariel is quite underdeveloped since she lacks conscience to assert for mermaid lifestyle. Instead, Ariels superego is controlled by her ego to satisfy her need for a human being away from the mermaid life. Nonetheless, Ariel is unconscious self is determined to find a new meaning in life through a transformative process of turning from a merma id to a human being and to this end she dedicates her superego until she is happily married by Eric. According to Melanie Klein, Ariel suffered from mental depressive position during her child development probably following her mothers demise, a situation that left her under care of grandmother. Logically, Ariel never wanted her children to also feel lonely and desperate in the sea like her and thus she proposed to avert that mental depressive position by departing from the sea environment, which she perceived as the source of her depressed position. Ariel envied the human beings who had all they wanted unlike her who had to forgo her voice before becoming human. She envied the other princess who turns out to be the witch using her voice to lure Eric instead of her, she felt cheated and used by the witch who stole her voice in order to woo the prince of land. Envy is a destructive force, which destroys the sea witch for stealing Ariels voice by coaxing her to sign a subordinated contract. Fear drives the culture of the mermaids, especially the fear of coming into contact with the human beings Ariel is not happy that her father is reprimanding her desire for human contact and marriage, which is a taboo with the water entities. That is why Ariel complains saying Betch ya on land they understand, bet they dont reprimand their daughters. Ariel is making her superego accept change by imagining that land life is easier and more appealing since the patriarch ruling land understand the needs of their daughters better. Ariel asserts for her independence when she wished that she had understanding father, which points to her emotional lack of her mother or someone to understand her emotions. Triton, Ariels father is quite assertive and controlling, this character of the father influences the lonely dispositions adopted by Ariel that she consulted the sea witch instead of the Triton and she wishes to live on land as humans do thinking she can find understanding fathers, if only I could make him understand. The statement asserts the Oedipal crisis which affects the female mermaids but none is courageous to expose the negative influence of gagging the daughters feelings and ideas though contrary to the customs of the mermaids. Mermaids value prohibitions, taboos, and restrictions, which define their culture of life. However, the regard for customs and values is based on the omnipresence of the king. Since Triton lacks capacity as an omnipresent individual, the rest of the mermaid life and fish life can break all customs and prohibitions as long as the king does not find out. Ariel knows that contact with human body is restricted but the reason behind the taboo is shallowly explained using fear before the population, fish-eater human world. According to the social lifestyle of the mermaids, sea creatures and fish as close friends, humans habit of eating fish is equated to a cannibalistic culture which explains the hatred Triton held against fishers. That is why the fish explain to Ariel that under the sea nobody beats us, fry us and eat us in fricassees.. Progress from the puberty into adulthood requires mastery of courage to overcome, Ariel wanted to be safe and off the hook, and therefore to dominate, eve ry sea life she knew she had to acquire the human body. Ariels quest is to control her fears instead of being dominated by turning into human figure instead of dying as a mermaid. She sacrifices her voice to the sea witch to gain human as her immortality body to feel in control on land than in the sea where she witnessed her father express his fear against the human capacity to fish and dominate over sea life. The desire is embodied in Freuds theory about feminism in which he argues that female beings are born castrated either emotionally, psychological and physically before the world and the girl blames the mother for the handicap while striving to attain interest of the father to help her attain the missing phallic state. Psychic wounds in Arial developed earlier in life due to absence of her biological mother. Jungian psychology asserts that every individual is comprised of mixture of feminine and masculine properties that determine the feminine conscious in women and masculine conscious in men. Therefore, Ariel exhibited a higher level of feminine consciousness but a higher form of masculine unconsciousness that made her unlike her siblings break convections and reflect on breaking taboos such as marrying a man instead of a staying in the mermaid world. Jung asserts that the level of subconscious feminine or masculine in an individual added to the degree of feminine and masculine consciousness affect the wholeness of an individual. Ariel admires Eric the prince because he represents a degree of masculinity that she identifies with as ideal from either her conscious or/and subconscious self. The projected animus of Ariel is to attain human awareness in body form, through marriage, find someone who can understands her, and treat her so like Eric whose statue she keeps in her garden. Presenc e of the statue in the garden with red flowers may represent the Jungian masculine symbols of the sun, which means the phallus from Freudian and Melanie theories. Similarly, Ariel was given a dagger with which to kill the prince, but she instead throws the sharp phallic object into the sea, which represent the feminine self. The Little Mermaid destroys herself to gain from the masculine. Ariel is suffering from an obsessive-compulsive disorder, the hoarding type that clearly indicates that she was lonely, afraid of losing her fathers security and whatever she hoarded and collected. She collects items from sunken ships and goes about asking what those objects represent. For instance, she carried a comb along asking for suggestions of its function in the land. Her obsession for human body and life grew from her hoarding disorder; as she collected items including Erics statue, she grew away from the mermaid world and desired to gain the human world, which his father detested. Ariel collected countless items but never threw any away from her store which concludes that she was a pathological hoarder. Pathological organizations are identified and discussed by Melanie of which hoarding is one of them. In conclusion, Freud, Melanie and Jung psychoanalysis theories assert that feminine and masculine capacities determine how female character react to their bodies as they grow up. During the early age, Melanie states that Oedipal age sets in, while Freud identified the Oedipal crisis during age 2 to 5 years. Jung on the other hand advocates for understanding of the timeless feminine and masculine conscious and subconscious construction that affects any persons at any age concerning individual reaction to development. Fear, anxiety, id, ego, superego and masculine and feminine forces in the mermaid environment affected personality development in Ariel our character.

Tuesday, February 18, 2020

RETIREMENT ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example The benefit is based on the ending salary. This means that the real dollar value of the retirement benefit will reduce during retirement. Imagine the same situation as above, but now you work for two employers during your career: You work for Employer A for the first 24 years, and Employer B for the second 24 years. Everything else in the problem is the same. Calculate your retirement salary from Employer A, from Employer B, and the total of the two retirement salaries. (Note that throughout your career, you receive a raise of 5.0% every year, even if you change employers, and you never loose salary when you change employers. Is a defined benefit a good plan if you do not stay with the company for your whole career? A defined benefit is not good if you do not stay with the company for your whole life because once you leave before the benefits are they vested, you may even lose the whole benefits or part of it if you worked for less than five years. If you work at a company for a whole career, you retire on your defined benefit salary, and the firm goes bankrupt, can the firmÃ¢â¬â¢s obligation to retirees like yourself be lowered, i.e. can retirees be left with a lowered retirement salary by the bankruptcy judge? Once the employer decides to offer the defined befits the company has no obligation to take back the benefit since it belongs to the retirees, hence incase the company goes bankruptcy, the retirees retirement benefits will not be