Targeted brownfield assessment for Oklahoma Army National Guard, former Pawhuska armory, Pawhuska, Oklahoma.

TARGETED BROWNFIELD
ASSESSMENT
For
Oklahoma Army National Guard
Former Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
ASTM E 1527-05
Phase I Environmental Site Assessment
All Appropriate Inquiry
Prepared by:
August 24, 2011
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Background and Disclaimer: The purpose of an environmental site assessment is to identify actual or
potential “recognized environmental conditions” that may result in liability or land use restrictions. The
ASTM Phase I Environmental Site Assessment E 1527 – 05 is the minimum standard for environmental
due diligence in the commercial real estate industry and meets the standard for All Appropriate Inquiry
under the Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act of 2002. A diligent effort in
accordance with generally accepted good commercial and customary standards and practices was
undertaken to identify the “recognized environmental conditions” that might affect the redevelopment
project. However, the identification of old hazardous waste sites is an evolving process; therefore, the
Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) cannot state with absolute certainty that no other
potential hazardous waste sites are located in the area. In no event shall the DEQ or its employees be liable
for any damages, injury, loss, cost or expense whatsoever arising in connection with the use or reliance on
the information contained in this report, except as otherwise provided by law.
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Table of Contents
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................6
2.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................7
2.1 Purpose ..................................................................................................................7
2.2 Detailed Scope-of-Services .....................................................................................8
2.3 Significant Assumptions .........................................................................................8
2.4 Limitations and Exceptions .....................................................................................8
2.5 Special Terms and Conditions ................................................................................8
3.0 SITE CHARACTERIZATION AND HISTORY ................................................................9
3.1 Location and Legal Description ..............................................................................9
3.2 Site and Vicinity Characterization...........................................................................9
3.3 Description of Structures, Roads, and Other Improvements .....................................10
3.4 Owner, Property Manager, and Occupant Information ............................................10
3.5 Information Reported by User Regarding Environmental ........................................10
Lien or Specialized Knowledge or Experience
3.6 Commonly Known or Reasonably Ascertainable Information .................................10
3.7 Valuation Reduction for Environmental Issues........................................................10
3.8 Current Use of the Property ....................................................................................11
3.9 Past Use of the Property ........................................................................................11
3.9.1 Review of Aerial Photographs .................................................................11
3.9.2 Fire Insurance Maps ................................................................................11
3.10 Current and Past Uses of Adjoining Properties .......................................................12
3.11 Environmental (Physical) Setting ...........................................................................12
3.11.1 Surface Water Characteristics .................................................................12
3.11.2 Soil Characterization ..............................................................................13
3.11.3 Subsurface Geological Characterization..................................................13
3.11.4 Groundwater Characteristics ...................................................................13
3.11.5 Air Characteristics ..................................................................................13
4.0 RECORDS REVIEW .........................................................................................................14
4.1 Federal National Priorities List (NPL).....................................................................14
4.2 Federal CERCLIS List ............................................................................................14
4.3 Federal RCRA CORRACTS List ............................................................................14
4.4 Federal RCRA non-CORRACTS TSD List .............................................................14
4.5 Federal RCRA Generators List ...............................................................................14
4.6 Federal ERNS List..................................................................................................15
4.7 Federal Institutional Control/Engineering Control Registries...................................15
4.8 State-Equivalent NPL .............................................................................................15
4.9 State-Equivalent CERCLIS.....................................................................................15
4.10 State Landfill and/or Solid Waste Disposal Sites .....................................................15
4.11 State Leaking UST List ..........................................................................................16
4.12 State Registered UST Sites .....................................................................................18
4.13 State Institutional Control/Engineering Control Registries ......................................18
4.14 State Voluntary Cleanup Sites ................................................................................18
4.15 State Brownfield Sites ............................................................................................18
4.16 Oil and Gas Records ...............................................................................................18
5.0 SITE RECONNAISSANCE AND INTERVIEWS .............................................................18
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5.1 Methodology and Limiting Conditions....................................................................18
5.2 General Site Conditions ..........................................................................................19
5.3 External Observations .............................................................................................21
5.4 Internal Observations ..............................................................................................21
5.5 Interviews...............................................................................................................21
6.0 FINDINGS ........................................................................................................................22
7.0 OPINION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .........................................................................23
8.0 DATA GAPS .....................................................................................................................23
9.0 CONCLUSIONS ...............................................................................................................23
10.0 ADDITIONAL SERVICES ...............................................................................................24
11.0 DEVIATIONS ...................................................................................................................24
12.0 REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................25
13.0 APPENDICIES ..................................................................................................................
Appendix A Site Map and Legal Documents
Appendix B Aerial Photographs and Topographic Maps
Appendix C Review of Regulatory Records
Appendix D Site Photographs
Appendix E Sample Results
Appendix F Qualification(s) of Environmental Professionals
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1.0 Executive Summary
On March 5, 2010 Christa Welch and Sara Downard of the DEQ performed site reconnaissance of the
Pawhuska Armory located at 823 East 8th Street, Pawhuska, Oklahoma as part of a Targeted Brownfield
Assessment (TBA). Rachel Francks completed this TBA is Christa Welch’s absence. The subject
property is in a section of Pawhuska characterized by residential properties. The purpose of the TBA is to
identify potential environmental concerns by reviewing historical data, regulatory information, and by
performing a visual inspection of the site and surrounding area. The following is an executive summary
of the environmental site assessment results:
The Works Progress Administration (WPA) initiated construction of the former Pawhuska
Armory in 1935 and concluded with a dedication of the building in 1938. The land for the
building was deeded by the City of Pawhuska in September 1935, for benefit of the Oklahoma
National Guard. The subject property is currently owned by the Department of Environmental
Quality. After all remediation activities have taken place and a notice of remediation and
easement has been filed in the Osage County, courthouse, the deed to the property will revert to
the City of Pawhuska.
Historically, the subject property served to quarter contingents of the Oklahoma Army National
Guard. Tools, heavy equipment, firearms, gas masks, chemical suits, and communication
equipment were stored in the building. An indoor firing range was also onsite for target practice.
The firing range is periodically flooded with water and likely to have lead dust contamination. It
is unknown if the firing range contains any sand. The building is contaminated with lead dust,
lead-based paint, and asbestos. The Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality Site
Cleanup Assistance Program plans to clean up the lead and asbestos contamination on the subject
property and properly dispose of all associated waste.
The property formerly contained a 1,000 gallon underground storage tank (UST) that was
removed from the site in 1995. The vent pipe was left in place. Analytical results were below
Oklahoma Corporation Commission (OCC) action limits.
Adjoining properties consist of residences and undeveloped land. Historical aerial photographs
show residences and a park adjacent to the subject property.
Sanborn Fire Insurance maps showed that the subject property was park land before the armory
was built. Adjacent properties consisted of residential structures. During the interview in
November 2010 with John Gibson, environmental specialist for the military department, Christa
Welch asked about the 1936 armory.
No National Priority List (NPL), delisted NPL sites, active or archived Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information Search (CERCLIS) site
listings, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) non-corrective action sites
(CORRACTS) treatment, storage, and disposal (TSD) listings, Emergency Response Notification
System (ERNS) list, Institutional Controls/Engineering Controls, or State landfills and/or solid
waste disposal sites were found on the subject property or within the ASTM recommended search
radii. No RCRA generators, Voluntary Cleanup (VCP) sites, or Brownfield sites were found on
the subject property. The subject property is on the DEQ Site Cleanup Assistance Program
(SCAP) list for cleanup of lead and asbestos contamination. There were seven RCRA
CORRACTS listed within one mile of the subject property.
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Four leaking underground storage tank (LUST) cases were reported in the OCC UST database
within ½ mile of the subject property. No LUST cases were reported on the subject property.
According to the OCC’s database, there are no registered UST’s adjacent to subject property.
There are no up-gradient LUST cases, relative to the subject property. The subject property does
not have any LUST cases on record. The UST at the subject property was removed on June 8,
1995 according to military records. The tank did not appear to have any leaks upon removal.
Soil samples showed gasoline range organics total xylenes with a range of 0.7μg/Kg and no
diesel range organics present in the UST excavation.
No oil and gas development was found in the OCC oil and gas records for the subject property
and quarter, quarter, quarter sections directly above and upgradient of the site.
One pole mounted transformer, in good condition without any leaks, are located on the northwest
side of the subject property. It is unknown if the transformer contains polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs). Fluorescent lighting ballasts are located throughout the building. The lighting ballasts
are all in good condition. It is unknown if the lighting ballasts contain PCBs. Fluorescent light-bulbs
generally contain mercury.
2.0 INTRODUCTION
The State of Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality under a Brownfield Assistance Agreement
(No. RP96681001-0) (Ref. 1) with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) conducted a
Targeted Brownfield Assessment of a property located at 823 East 8th Street Pawhuska, Oklahoma.
2.1 Purpose
The purpose of this assessment is to look at the environmental conditions within the target area
and provide this information to the City of Pawhuska as well as meet the All Appropriate Inquiry
requirement of the landowner liability protections under the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA, better known as Superfund – Ref. 2), as
provided in the Small Business Relief and Brownfield’s Revitalization Act of 2002 (Public Law
107-118, Subtitle B – Ref. 3). The purpose of a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment is to
identify, to the extent feasible, recognized environmental conditions in connection with the target
property through a systematic review of readily available information sources and a site
reconnaissance.
DEQ is providing technical assistance to the project by evaluating the environmental condition of
the property prior to the City acquiring the property. Funding for this assessment has been
provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
2.2 Detailed Scope-of-Services
DEQ examined the current use of the property and then identified the historical uses of the
property to determine if recognized environmental conditions exist. DEQ examined historical
documents, governmental databases, oil and gas records, aerial photographs, Sanborn Fire
Insurance Maps, and conducted interviews and a site reconnaissance of the area. DEQ also hired
a contractor to conduct asbestos, lead-based paint, and lead dust assessments. A good faith effort
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was made to identify possible environmental conditions that might affect the development of the
property.
2.3 Significant Assumptions
History and knowledge of the subject property shows that the building was used as a National
Guard Armory. Prior to armory construction in 1936, the property was park space owned by the
City of Pawhuska. There has been no oil and gas exploration on the property according to OCC
records.
Since the building was constructed in 1936, the building is likely to contain asbestos containing
material (ACM). The U.S. began banning the use of asbestos in most building materials in the
1970s due to studies confirming the harmful health effects caused by exposure to airborne
asbestos. The building has limited asbestos containing materials. All asbestos containing floor
tile and mastic have been removed from the building. No information was available on the
removal of the floor tile. Marshall Environmental Management conducted an asbestos survey on
July 19, 2008 and found asbestos only in the caulking around the windows of the building.
(see Appendix F).
2.4 Limitations and Exceptions
The purpose of an environmental site assessment is to identify actual or potential “recognized
environmental conditions” that may result in liability, land use restrictions, or cause delays in
revitalization. The ASTM Phase I Environmental Site Assessment E 1527 – 05 (Ref. 4) is the
minimum standard for environmental due diligence in the commercial real estate industry and
meets the standard for All Appropriate Inquiry under the Small Business Liability Relief and
Brownfields Revitalization Act of 2002. A diligent effort in accordance with generally accepted
good commercial and customary standards and practices was undertaken to identify the
“recognized environmental conditions” that might affect the revitalization project. However, the
identification of old hazardous waste sites is an evolving process; therefore, DEQ cannot state with
absolute certainty that no other potential hazardous waste sites are located in the area. This
assessment was conducted under constraints of time, cost, and scope and reflects a limited
investigation and evaluation. It reflects the normal degree of care and skill that is ordinarily
exercised by environmental professionals conducting business in this or similar localities. In no
event shall the DEQ or its employees be liable for any damages, injury, loss, cost or expense
whatsoever arising in connection with the use or reliance on the information contained in this
report, except as otherwise provided by law.
The information in this report is based on a review of governmental records, interviews with
knowledgeable representatives of the property, and observations of the environmental
professional. The result of this assessment, as written in this report, is valid as of the date of
report. The assessment does not include sampling of rock, groundwater, surface water, or air.
For qualifications of environmental professionals see Appendix G.
2.5 Special Terms and Conditions
This assessment report has been prepared for the City of Pawhuska, Oklahoma by the DEQ using
EPA funding. Information about this report will be provided to the EPA for its files. This report
and the working file are public record and subject to the Oklahoma Open Records Act and the
federal Freedom of Information Act.
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3.0 SITE CHARACTERIZATION AND HISTORY
3.1 Location and Legal Description
The subject property is located on 823 East 8th Street in between Ruble and Parker Avenues in
Pawhuska, Oklahoma. This property consists of approximately one acre of land and contains the
former National Guard Armory building. A site map and topographical map depicting the
property has been provided in Appendix A and Appendix B respectively.
The subject property is located in section 3, township 25N, and range 9E. The armory building’s
legal location is described as lots 20 to 24 block 47, in the City of Pawhuska, Osage County,
Oklahoma.
Records at the Osage County Courthouse were searched to determine ownership and operational
history of the subject property. It was determined that the property was previously owned by a
Mr. H.H. Brenner, the original trustee of the land from part of the Prudom Addition, and deeded
to the Oklahoma National Guard in 1936.
3.2 Site and Vicinity Characterization
The former Pawhuska Armory was completed in 1938 by the Works Progress Administration.
According to Osage County land records, the land for the building was deeded by the City of
Pawhuska to the State of Oklahoma, on May 2, 1936, for benefit of the Veterinary Company No.
120 of Pawhuska, Oklahoma National Guard (see Appendix A). The subject property is a small
tract of land, 1.4 acres. Vehicle maintenance, fueling, small arms fire, and storage occurred
onsite. The subject property is located at 823 E. 8th Street in Pawhuska, Oklahoma bound by an
unnamed alley to the north, Ruble Avenue to the east, and Parker Avenue to the west. The areas
where the subject property and adjacent properties are located are best characterized by
residential development. A site vicinity map of the subject property can be found in Appendix A.
Lead dust, lead-based paint, and asbestos were discovered on the subject property by DEQ
contractor, Marshall Environmental Management. Sample results for the lead-based paint, lead
dust, and asbestos inspections can be found in Appendix F.
Utilities that serve the subject property are Oklahoma Gas and Electric for natural gas and the
City of Pawhuska for water, sewer, and electric according to Paul McAlexander, environmental
specialist for the Oklahoma Military Department (OMD) (Ref. 14). According to the Oklahoma
Water Resources Board Water Information Mapping System, the subject property is served by the
City of Pawhuska supplied surface water, public water supply ID 1021301.
A review of the topographical map indicated that the surface elevation of the site is
approximately 812 feet above mean sea level. The topographical gradient is to the northeast.
The topographical map can be found in Appendix B.
Underground features at the subject property presently include utility lines and formerly, one
UST on the south side of the building. According to military department documents, the UST
was installed in 1958 for fuel storage and dispensing. The UST vent pipe remains on the subject
property. The UST was last used in July 1980 permanently closed in situ August 5, 1993. The
UST was excavated when funding became available June 8, 1995 and removed from the subject
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property. Soil testing adjacent to the tank was non-detect. See Appendix C for information on
the UST.
3.3 Description of Structures, Roads, and Other Improvements
The subject property consists of approximately half a city block. The two city lots are used to
house the former armory building, driveway, sidewalk, and yard. The driveway is located on the
east side of the building and is a paved area leading to the overhead doors that are attached to the
building. The sidewalk is located on the south side of the building.
The adjacent property consists of residential structures to the east and north, with the property to
the south being undeveloped and forested land, and a city park to the west.
3.4 Owner, Property Manager, and Occupant Information
The Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality currently owns the subject property. After
all remediation activities have taken place and a notice of remediation and easement has been
filed in the Osage County courthouse, the deed to the property will be transferred to the City of
Pawhuska.
3.5 Information Reported by User Regarding Environmental Lien or
Specialized Knowledge or Experience
Before transfer of property to the DEQ, the OMD reported no environmental liens on the subject
property. OMD did disclose that the military used the basement of the building as a firing range.
OMD also mentioned that the building could contain asbestos, PCBs, and lead-based paint due to
the age of the building. The Environmental Office of OMD performed a Limited Environmental
Baseline Assessment (LEBA) of the Pawhuska Armory (Ref. 13) and the OMD contractor, C.H.
Guernsey & Company, sampled lead dust in the IFR and surrounding area (Ref. 17). A copy of
the LEBA can be found in Appendix C and the Guernsey report can be found in Appendix F. The
LEBA details the conditions found in the armory when it was in active use by the Oklahoma
Army National Guard. The Guernsey report provides a brief narrative, a map of the IFR, and
sample results.
3.6 Commonly Known or Reasonably Ascertainable Information
It is commonly known within the community that the building was used as a National Guard
Armory by the Oklahoma Army National Guard. The building was used to house de minimus
volumes of hazardous materials and chemicals as required to support the mission of the
Oklahoma Armory National Guard unit since it was occupied. According to John Gibson of the
OMD, these items may have included petroleum, oils, lubricants (POLs), solvents, and cleaning
products.
3.7 Valuation Reduction for Environmental Issues
Valuation of the property is outside the scope of this assessment. A professional appraiser should
be consulted to place a value on the property.
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3.8 Current Use of the Property
The property is occupied by contingents of the Oklahoma Army National Guard (OKARNG) and
is maintained and managed by the OMD on behalf of the OKARNG.
3.9 Past Use of the Property
3.9.1 Review of Aerial Photographs
Historic aerial photographs were searched to view the changes to the property over time.
The 1937 aerial photograph was obtained from the Oklahoma Department of Libraries
archives. All other aerial photographs were obtained from the DEQ digital database of
archived and present-day aerial photographs. Aerial photographs from 1995, 2003, 2005,
and 2008 were obtained. All of these photographs are located in Appendix B. The
following represents a summary of what was found at the subject property from each
aerial photograph.
1937Aerial Photograph
The 1937 aerial photograph shows the subject property to be to the southeast of
Pawhuska, Oklahoma near a residential area and near agricultural land. The photograph
shows the building on the subject property to be under construction. Buildings on
adjacent properties appear to be residences. No apparent environmental conditions were
noted from the photograph.
1995 Aerial Photograph
The 1995 aerial photograph shows the subject property to be to the southeast of
Pawhuska, Oklahoma near a residential area and north of a heavily wooded area.
Buildings on adjacent properties appear to be residences. No apparent environmental
conditions were noted from the photograph.
2003 Aerial Photograph
The 2003 aerial photograph shows the subject property to be to the southeast of
Pawhuska, Oklahoma near a residential area and north of a heavily wooded area.
Buildings on adjacent properties appear to be residences. No apparent environmental
conditions were noted from the photograph.
2008 Aerial Photograph
The 2008 aerial photograph shows the subject property to be to the southeast of
Pawhuska, Oklahoma near a residential area and north of a heavily wooded area.
Buildings on adjacent properties appear to be residences. No apparent environmental
conditions were noted from the photograph.
3.9.2 Fire Insurance Maps
Sanborn Fire Insurance maps were viewed for Pawhuska Oklahoma and downloaded
from the Sanborn Libraries website (Ref. 5). Sanborn maps of the subject property and
adjoining properties were found for 1894, 1927, and 1958. All of the Sanborn maps are
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located in Appendix A along with the two map legends used to decipher the maps. The
following represents a summary of what was found at the subject property and adjoining
properties from each Sanborn map. The 1894 Sanborn map does not show the area where
the subject property resides and therefore was omitted from this report.
1927 Sanborn Map
Sheet 16 of the 1927 Sanborn shows the location where the subject property is located,
before development. The subject property is located in the northeast quadrant of Parker
and East 8th Streets. During this time, the subject property was a municipal park. The
property to the north of the subject property contains residential land. To the south is
four dwellings and vacant land. The properties to the east are not shown on the 1927
Sanborn map.
1958 Sanborn Map
Sheet 16 of the 1958 Sanborn shows the subject property edifice. The surrounding area
has changed little. Two additional residential properties are shown to the north. To the
south of the subject property, two wood outbuildings have been added behind the two
existing dwellings shown on the 1927 map. No changes have been made to the property
to the west, it remains vacant park land. The properties to the east are not shown on the
1958 Sanborn map.
3.10 Current and Past Uses of Adjoining Properties
As discussed above, Sanborn maps were consulted to determine past uses of adjoining properties.
The properties to the north and south of the subject property were residential in nature. The
property to the west of the subject property is undeveloped. The property to the east of the
subject property is not shown on the Sanborn maps.
During the site visit on March 5, 2010, adjoining properties were observed to contain the
following. To the north of the subject property is an alleyway and residential area. The property
to the south is undeveloped and forested. The property to the east is residential. To the west of
the subject property is a green space with no structures.
3.11 Environmental (Physical) Setting
DEQ reviewed several sources to obtain information on the physical setting of the subject
property and its surrounding areas. These sources include: The United States Department of
Agriculture Osage County Soil Survey, Oklahoma Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas, and the
Federal Emergency Management Association. Review of the physical setting of the area is to
evaluate the sensitivity of the hydrogeology to potential contamination from sources either on or
near the site.
3.11.1 Surface Water Characteristics
The subject property is located in Pawhuska, Oklahoma, in Osage County. The climate
in Pawhuska, Oklahoma is humid and receives average rainfall, about 37 inches per year.
The temperature usually ranges from 25°F to 100°F during the winter and summer
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respectively (Ref. 18). Primary surface water bodies in Osage County include the
Arkansas River and Kaw Lake. The Arkansas River forms part of the southern boundary
of the county.
The closest water body is Bird Creek which is 0.25 miles south of the site. According to
the Federal Emergency Management Association, the subject property and adjoining
properties are in an area determined to be outside the 500-year floodplain (Ref. 7). A
map of this information is located in Appendix C. No wastewater discharge permits were
located within 1 mile of the subject property according to the Department of
Environmental Quality GIS Data Viewer.
3.11.2 Soil Characterization
The subject property is located within the Osage silty clay soil association. It is
characterized as having 0 to 1 percent slopes, and occasionally flooding and poorly
drained (Ref. 6).
3.11.3 Subsurface Geological Characterization
Subsurface geology near the subject property primarily consists of the Vamoosa-Ada
Formation. The Vamoosa Formation consists of a complex sequence of fine- to very
fine-grained sandstone, siltstone, shale, and conglomerate interbedded with very thin
limestones. The formation is an important water source for both residential and
municipal wells (Ref. 8).
3.11.4 Ground Water Characteristics
The groundwater near Pawhuska, Oklahoma typically has poor to fair chemical quality.
Groundwater flow is to the southeast. There are no well-head protection areas adjacent to
subject property .This area is underlain by sandstone, siltstone, shale, and conglomerate
interbedded with very thin limestones. The water tends to contain concentrations of total
dissolved solids of less than 500 mg per liter. Groundwater wells near Pawhuska,
Oklahoma produce from 25 to 50 gallons per minute (gpm) (Ref. 8).
3.11.5 Air Characteristics
No air emissions were noticed at the subject property or the adjoining properties. Paul
McAlexander, OMD Environmental Engineering Department, had no knowledge of any
air emissions on the subject property (Ref. 11). During the site visit, a musty odor was
noticed inside the building. No odors were noticed outside of the subject property during
the site visit. There is a potential for lead dust and asbestos emissions from the subject
property.
There are no air-permitted facilities located within 1 mile of the subject property
according to the DEQ Air Quality inventory on the DEQ Data viewer (Ref. 11).
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4.0 RECORDS REVIEW
A regulatory database search was conducted by the DEQ. This search included, at a minimum, those
records and distances from the site dictated as appropriate in the ASTM standard. The DEQ performed a
review of available federal and state databases to assess whether the subject property or proximate
properties were listed as having environmental concerns, which could have an adverse impact on the
subject property. The following provides a summary of the databases reviewed.
4.1 Federal National Priorities List (NPL)
The EPA database was searched for NPL sites near the subject property within the ASTM’s
recommended search radius of one mile. The subject property is not a listed NPL site. There are
no NPL sites reported within a one-mile radius of the subject property.
There is also an EPA database for Delisted NPL sites, which ASTM requires to be reported
within ½ mile of the subject property. No delisted NPL sites are within the ½ mile search radius.
4.2 Federal CERCLIS List
The EPA database for Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
(CERCLA) Information Service (CERCLIS) was searched for active and archived CERCLIS
sites on and near the subject property. The ASTM’s recommended search radius of the subject
property for both active and archived CERCLIS sites is ½ mile. No active or inactive CERCLIS
sites were found within ½ mile of the subject property (Ref. 9).
4.3 Federal RCRA CORRACTs List
The EPA database for Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) facilities subject
to corrective action were searched within the ASTM’s required minimum distance of one
mile of the subject property. No RCRA CORRACT facilities are within the one-mile
radius of the subject property.
4.4 Federal RCRA non-CORRACTS TSD List
The EPA database for RCRA facilities not subject to corrective action was searched within the
ASTM’s required minimum distance of ½ mile of the subject property. No RCRA non-
CORRACT Treatment, Storage and Disposal (TSD) sites are within the ½ mile radius of the
subject property (Ref. 15).
4.5 Federal RCRA Generators List
DEQ RCRA Notifiers database was searched for RCRA generators within the ASTM’s required
minimum search distance of the subject property (Ref. 15). The minimum distance is the property
and adjoining properties. The subject property did not have any RCRA notifiers or generators
and none are known on adjacent properties.
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4.6 Federal ERNS List
Emergency Response Notification system (ERNS) maintained by the National Response Center
was searched for any hazardous substance releases or spills within the subject property. ASTM
requires a minimum search distance of property only when identifying ERNS cases. No ERNS
sites were reported within the property or the adjoining properties.
4.7 Federal Institutional Control/Engineering Control Registries
There are no known Institutional Controls/Engineering Controls on the subject property
according to the owner and representatives of the subject property. Federal Institutional Control
Registries are still under development.
4.8 State-Equivalent NPL
DEQ does not have a State-equivalent NPL database. Oklahoma does not have a State Superfund
law to establish a State-equivalent NPL database.
4.9 State-Equivalent CERCLIS
DEQ does not have a State-equivalent CERCLIS database.
4.10 State Landfill and / or Solid Waste Disposal Sites
DEQ regulates landfills and solid waste disposal sites across the State of Oklahoma. State
landfills and solid waste disposal facilities were searched in the DEQ database within the ASTM
required minimum distance of ½ mile from the subject property. No permitted landfills or solid
waste disposal facilities are located within the search distance of the subject property. No
landfills, dumping, or disturbed soil were noticed on the subject property during the DEQ site
visit on March 5, 2010.
4.11 State Leaking UST List
The Oklahoma Corporation Commission UST Notification Database was searched to locate any
known LUST sites located within the ASTM’s minimum search distance of a ½ mile of the
subject property. Four LUST sites were found within the ½ mile radius. The following sites are
listed and described below.
EZ Mart #626 of Pawhuska, located at 521 E. Main, is approximately four blocks
southwest of the subject property. The site has a historical LUST case and the status is
closed. The LUST case Facility ID number is 5703642. The direction of groundwater
flow is to the southeast, according to the topographic map. Therefore, it is unlikely that
this spill has affected the subject property.
Henkels Quick Stop of Pawhuska, located at 429 E. Main, is approximately 4 and a half
block southwest of the subject property. The site has a historical LUST case with 4
tanks, the case is closed. Three of the tanks are still in use, one is permanently out of use.
The LUST case Facility ID number is 5708247. The direction of groundwater flow is to
the southeast, according to the topographic map. Therefore, it is unlikely that this spill
has affected the subject property.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
16
Formby’s Phillips 66 Station of Pawhuska, located at 301 E. Main, is approximately 5
blocks to the southwest of the subject property. The site has a current LUST case that is
still open. There are four tanks affected, three are currently in use, and one tank is
temporarily out of use. The LUST case Facility ID number is 5709222. The direction of
groundwater flow is to the southeast, according to the topographic map. Therefore, it is
unlikely that this spill has affected the subject property.
According to the Oklahoma Water Resources Board reported well-log viewer, there is
another LUST case within ½ mile of the subject property. There is no name listed with
the data, however, information states at Prudom & Main Streets in Pawhuska, specifically
238 E. Main, approximately 6 blocks to the southwest of subject property, there is a
historical LUST case. There are three tanks on the site, listed as permanently out of use
and the case status is closed. The LUST case facility ID is 5701131. The direction of
groundwater flow is to the southeast, according to the topographic map. Therefore, it is
unlikely that this spill has affected the subject property.
4.12 State Registered UST Sites
The Oklahoma Corporation Commission UST Notification Database was searched to locate
registered USTs located within the ASTM’s minimum search distance of the subject property and
its adjoining properties. The subject property formerly contained a 1,000 gallon gasoline UST on
the property. The UST was removed June 14, 1995 from the subject property. No leaks were
reported to the OCC for the UST. Following the tank removal the soil was sampled from the side
and the center of the tank pit. No gasoline range organics were found above action limits within
the soil. Soil samples showed no diesel range organics above action limits in the UST
excavation. For a map of UST sites near the subject property, see Appendix C. The following
table shows UST locations within 1 mile of the subject property.
FacilityS
tatus
FacilityNum
ber
FacilityName Address1 City State Zip Code Tank Count
Active 5703684 The Country Store 27 CR 3460 Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Active 5708247 Henkels Quick Stop 429 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Active 5708568 Maverick Mini Mart #26 914 W 7TH Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Active 5706387 Smiths Apco Station 903 N LYNN Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Active 5702855 Pawhuska Stop Buy HWY 99 &
NELAGONEY ROAD
Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Active 5701132 Formby Oil Co - Super T 800 W MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Active 5709222 Formby Phillips 66
Station
301 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Active 5720835 Kum & Go #860 2101 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive 5721858 Equinox Oil Co E/2 E/2 NW 11-27N-
11E
Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Active 5720676 Osage County Sheriff's
Dept
900 S ST PAUL Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive H5718297 Owens Quick Mart
Station
1230 W MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive H5716213 H F Stephenson Getty 603 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive H5716185 Phillips Bulk 413 PRUDOM Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5701131 Prudom St & Main St 238 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive 5718137 Mid-Continent Bulk Dx 400 PRUDOM Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive H5717235 Fred Leonard Dx 718 KEHEKAH Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5712223 Osage Agency Campus ADDRESS UNKNOWN Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive 5701137 Barnsdall School BOX 1420 Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
17
Inactive H5717238 Nesbitt Corner Phillips 16 MI N HWY 99 & 10
JCT
Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Temporari
ly Closed
5721174 Pawhuska Auto Salvage 218 S LYNN Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive 5705061 Phillips 66 Co #005221 MAIN & PERSON Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Active 5756617 Pawhuska (Tu0548) North of CR4070 &
CR4201 Intersection
Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive H5719296 Evergreen Service 4 1/2 MI S HWY 99 Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive H5717187 Elmer Black (Gibble) 1001 W 7TH Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5709284 Ron Fina 700 W MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Inactive 5709633 Dobbie's Bait Shop HC 73 BOX 240 Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Inactive H5717236 King Motor Service Dx HWY 60 W 1/2 MI Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5700316 Jerry E. Collins 201 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Inactive H5717239 George W Branum
Gibble
RED EAGLE RT 1/4 MI
N
Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5711797 Sand Creek
Headquarters Divi
P.O. BOX 638 Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive H5716629 Municipal Airport 4 MI W Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Active 5703296 City Of Pawhuska 406 SO LYNN AVE Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive 5708385 Calumet Oil Company RT. 1 BOX 65 A Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Active 5714780 Pawhuska Light &
Water Plant
701 W 10TH Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Inactive 5703642 Ez Mart #626 521 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive H5716258 Mrs. Roy M Ward
Phillips
RT 1 1/4 MI E ACROSS
BIRD CREEK BRIDGE
Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5705964 Lowry's Clothing Store 127 W. MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Active 5709986 Osage Co Maintenance
Hdg
RT 1 BOX 1211 M W
OF PAWHUSKA ON US
60 W
Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Inactive 5705549 John W Atterberry 717 LYNN AVE Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Temporari
ly Closed
5702300 H & H Oil Well Service,
Inc
HWY 99 SOUTH OF
CITY
Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive 5713759 Calumet Oil Company 1.8 MI S OF HWY 60 &
99 JCT ON HWY 99
Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Inactive H5717188 Don Galloway RED EAGLE RT, 14 MI
E HWY 60
Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5704098 P&H Machine 1220 WEST MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Active 5709571 Southwestern Bell
Telephone Co
221 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Inactive 5701138 D. D. Kyler Tank BOX 1420 Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive 5706826 Preston D Landrum 201 W MAIN ST Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive 5701141 Blake Stone Co. ADDRESS UNKNOWN Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Active 5720543 Formby Oil 400 PRUDOM Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Inactive H5717237 John Noel Texaco 604 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5705776 Oklahoma National
Guard Armory
823 E 8TH Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive 5701139 D.T.S. Tank ADDRESS UNKNOWN Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive H5917240 Elton Stocker Phillips 4TH & HARRISON Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5705965 Former-Miller Brus
Service St
21ST STR & OLD HWY
99
Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Inactive 5701142 Getty Bulk Plant 5TH & LEAHY Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive 5701983 Texaco Master Station MAIN & LYNN
STREETS
Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive 5701130 Formby Oil Co. 1000 W MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Active 5756656 Apac 2805 US Hwy 60 Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Active 5702991 Osage County Dist #1 1125 W MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 6
Inactive 5711945 Fred A Drummond 715 N KI-KAH-KA Pawhuska OK 74056 1
4.13 State Institutional Control/Engineering Control Registries
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
18
DEQ Brownfields Program DEQ Institutional Controls page was searched for institutional
controls on the site. There are no Institutional Control/Engineering Controls in effect for this
property.
4.14 State Voluntary Cleanup Sites
DEQ Voluntary Cleanup Program (VCP) database was searched for VCP sites within the required
ASTM search distance of ½ mile of the former Pawhuska Armory property. No VCP sites are
located on or within ½ mile of the subject property (Ref 11).
4.15 State Brownfield Sites
DEQ Brownfield database was searched for Brownfield sites within the required ASTM search
distance of ½ mile of the former Pawhuska Armory property (Ref. 16). No Brownfield sites were
found within ½ mile of the former Pawhuska Armory property.
4.16 Oil and Gas Records
DEQ determined that the subject property is located in the SE ¼ SE ¼ SW ¼ of Section 3 –
T25N – R9E. DEQ performed a search of oil and gas records from the Oklahoma Corporation
Commission’s oil and gas records database and looked at Osage county land records at the Osage
County Courthouse. The subject property is in an area where there is very little history of oil and
gas development. Oil and gas records were searched to record the known history of well
development on this site. A search area consisted of the property as described from the legal
location above and the quarter, quarter, quarter sections directly above and upgradient of the site.
No well records were found in the quarter, quarter, quarter sections directly above and upgradient
of the site. (see Appendix C).
5.0 SITE RECONNAISSANCE AND INTERVIEWS
5.1 Methodology and Limiting Conditions
A site reconnaissance of the subject property located on the northwest corner of Parker Street and
East 8th Street was performed on March 5, 2010. Christa Welch and Sara Downard of the DEQ
met the Pawhuska city manager, Paul McAlexander at the subject property. Mr. McAlexander
introduced Christa Welch and Sara Downard to the site and answered questions to the best of his
knowledge. Mr. McAlexander led Welch and Downard inside the building and gave his
knowledge regarding the former use of the building and property and past activities that occurred
onsite. All areas of the building were observed noting any environmental conditions that might
need additional investigation. The outside area of the property was examined thoroughly for
observations that might need additional investigation. Soil samples were taken outside the vent
fan and in a drainage ditch.
5.2 General Site conditions
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
19
The former Pawhuska Armory Property is composed of a rock building of approximately 28,000
square feet. The building is currently vacant. The property surrounding the building consists of
an overgrown alleyway to the north; a paved vehicle ramp leading into the motor pool, a small
gravel parking area, and grass to the east; grass and sidewalks to the south, and grass to the west.
The property is in town and surrounded by paved streets. The following are general site
conditions that were evaluated on the property and adjacent properties.
Aboveground Storage Tanks (ASTs)
The subject property does not have any ASTs. No ASTs were found on the adjacent properties
during the site reconnaissance.
Landfills and/or Dumping
No landfills, dumping, or disturbed soil was found on the property. There is an empty dumpster
onsite. This is accessible from the road and therefore could be a source of future dumping.
Impoundments
No impoundments were observed at the subject property. The property formally contained a
swimming pool on the west side, which has been filled and vegetated.
Monitoring Wells
No monitoring wells are present on the property. According to the Oklahoma Water Resources
Board well search, performed on February 14, 2011, there are twenty-three monitoring wells
within the designated search radius of 1 mile. These wells were installed in 1998, 2001, 2002,
2005, and 2009 for groundwater monitoring. These three wells are located downgradient of the
subject property. See Appendix C for a map of OWRB wells found within 1 mile of the subject
property.
Disturbed and Stained Soils
No stained soils were observed at the subject property. Soil samples were taken by DEQ
personnel outside of the IFR vent fan, below the sump pipe, and along the ditch leading from the
sump pipe to the sidewalk. Soil samples taken from the ditch revealed lead concentrations of 55
mg/kg at the top of the ditch, 88 mg/kg in the middle of the ditch, and 82 mg/kg at the end of the
ditch. All soil samples contain lead below site specific screening levels of 500 mg/kg. The
sample point at the top of the ditch was located just below the outfall of the IFR sump pipe. The
end of the ditch was deemed to be located where the ditch met the sidewalk. For a detailed sketch
of the sample point locations see Appendix F.
Seeps
No seeps of any kind were observed at the subject property. However, a discharge pipe was
observed leading from the IFR, along the west side of the building, and onto the grass. The pipe
appeared to be attached to the sump pump in the basement. It was unknown when the pump was
last operated. For pictures of the sump pipe see the site photographs in Appendix D and the
Limited Environmental Baseline Assessment in Appendix C. See the Guernsey Report in
Appendix F for photographs taken inside the indoor firing range in 2005.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
20
Chemical Spills
No evidence of possible chemical spills were evident during the site visit to subject property.
Farm Waste
No farm waste was observed at the subject property.
Known Pesticide Misapplication
No known pesticide misapplications were detected during the site visit or during the supportive
research.
Discharges and Runoff from Adjacent Property Affecting the Site
Runoff from adjacent properties does not appear to be an existing problem affecting the subject
property. The property directly to the west and contiguous to the subject property is vegetated
park-land. The alley way directly on the north side of the subject property was not reported by
Mr. McAlexander, the Pawhuska City Manager, to be flood prone. The subject property is
situated so that rainwater would run off site into roads to the south and east.
Petroleum Products and Oil and Natural Gas Exploration
No petroleum products or oil and natural gas exploration was observed during the site visit.
Asbestos
The building has limited asbestos containing materials. All asbestos containing floor tile and
mastic have been removed from the building. No information was available on the removal of
the floor tile. Marshall Environmental Management conducted an asbestos survey on July 19,
2008 and found asbestos only in the caulking around the windows of the building.
Lead
The building contains lead-based paint and lead dust. Marshall Environmental Management
conducted lead-based paint and lead dust surveys on July 19, 2008 and found lead dust and lead-based
paint throughout the building. Lead dust was found in every room except for the ammo
section room. The indoor firing range was not sampled for lead dust and lead-based paint due to
inaccessibility issues associated with flooding. Lead-based paint was found on doors, door
frames, handrails, windows, window bars, wall trim, walls, overhead door frames, and
downspouts in various places inside and outside of the building. DEQ sampled the water in the
IFR and found no lead. DEQ also sampled soil outside of the firing range vent fan, below the
sump pipe, and in the ditch below the sump pipe. Refer to “Disturbed and Stained Soils” section
above for information about DEQ soil sampling. For more information on lead-based paint and
DEQ sample results, see Appendix F.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
21
Transformers/PCB Equipment
There was one transformer observed on the northwest corner of the subject property. The
transformer appeared to be in good condition and had no damage. No Polychlorinated biphenyl
(PCB) contamination or other PCB-containing equipment was found at the site.
Fluorescent lighting ballasts were found throughout the entire building. It is unknown if the
ballasts contain PCBs. None of the ballasts appeared to have leaks.
5.3 External Observations
The external observations showed no recognized environmental conditions. The area is
composed of a concrete driveway, and an alley with grass vegetation covering the rest of the site.
North of the building there is an alleyway, directly behind the alley is a residential area. The east
side of the building consists of a concrete driveway, and a vent pipe from the former UST. The
south side of the building is vegetated with grass and has a concrete side walk. The west side of
the building has a grass yard that formally contained a swimming pool. The IFR vent fan and
drain pipe are located on the west side of the building. The drain pipe was observed by DEQ
staff to run through the vent fan opening, along the west side of the building, and discharge
approximately 25 feet to the north of the vent fan. Photographs of the external view of the site
can be found in Appendix D.
5.4 Internal Observations
The building is currently vacant and was last used by the Oklahoma Army National Guard to
support the military mission. The building was constructed from native rock in 1936 by the
Works Progress Administration. Before construction of the armory building the land was owned
by the City of Pawhuska and was undeveloped. During the site visit on March 5, 2010, there
were no observed environmental concerns on the interior of the subject property. Black mastic
was observed in rooms 15 and 16, however the mastic was found to not contain asbestos by
Marshall Environmental Management. No recognized environmental concerns were found inside
the building. Photographs of the internal view of the site can be found in Appendix D.
5.5 Interviews
John Gibson, an Environmental Programs Specialist with the Oklahoma Military Department,
was interviewed to assist with providing historical knowledge of subject property. Gibson said
that the Oklahoma Army National Guard (OKARNG) was placed on the National Register of
Historic Places in 1994. Additionally, Gibson stated that the building housed construction
equipment, tools, gas masks, chemical suits, communication equipment, firearms, and a limited
amount of chemicals. The chemicals used in the armory consisted of household cleaning agents,
paint, and military decontamination canisters. While touring the subject property with Pawhuska
city manager, Paul McAlexander, he stated that the IFR periodically flooded due to seepage from
the saturated soil. It was assumed that the Army National Guard had to turn on the sump pump to
drain the IFR before each use. It was noted that a PVC pipe runs from the sump pump, along the
ceiling, out the vent fan opening, along the west side of the building, and out onto the grass where
it flows through a small ditch and out onto the street. The IFR was inaccessible during the site
visit due to lack of electricity and scattered debris. For more information on the site visit, see the
notes and numbered floor plan map and description of each room in Appendix E.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
22
6.0 FINDINGS
Summarized below are the major findings from this Targeted Brownfield Assessment and DEQ’s
recommendations. The major findings of the highest environmental concern are presented first.
The former Pawhuska Armory was built in 1938 by the Works Progress Administration. The
land for the building was deeded by the City of Pawhuska to the State of Oklahoma, on October
4, 1938, for benefit of the Oklahoma National Guard. The subject property is currently owned by
the Department of Environmental Quality. After all remediation activities have taken place and a
notice of remediation and easement has been filed in the Osage County, courthouse, the deed to
the property will revert to the City of Pawhuska.
Historically, the subject property was used to house equipment needed for training. Tools,
furniture, and cleaning supplies were stored in the building upon inspection. An indoor firing
range was also onsite for target practice. The firing range is occasionally flooded with water and
likely to have lead dust contamination. The firing range does not contain a sand trap. The
building is contaminated with lead dust, lead-based paint, and asbestos and a portion of the
outdoor soil is contaminated with lead. The Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality
Site Cleanup Assistance Program will remediate the lead and asbestos contamination on the
subject property and properly dispose of all associated waste. The lead and asbestos
contamination in the building constitutes a recognized environmental condition (REC).
The property formerly contained a 1,000 gallon underground storage tank (UST) that was
removed July 25, 1995. The vent pipe was left in place. Low levels of gasoline range organics
were detected during the UST removal (total xylenes 0.7) and diesel range organics were below
detection limits. The former UST and associated contamination constitutes a historically
recognized environmental condition (HREC).
Adjoining properties consist of residences, and undeveloped property to the south. Historical
aerial photographs show residences surrounding the subject property.
Sanborn Fire Insurance maps showed that the subject property was vacant land before the armory
was built. Adjacent properties consisted of residential structures and a city park.
No National Priority List (NPL), delisted NPL sites, active or archived Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information Search (CERCLIS) site
listings, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) non-corrective action sites
(CORRACTS) treatment, storage, and disposal (TSD) listings, Emergency Response Notification
System (ERNS) list, Institutional Controls/Engineering Controls, or State landfills and/or solid
waste disposal sites were found on the subject property or within the ASTM recommended search
radii. No RCRA generators, Voluntary Cleanup (VCP) sites, or Brownfield sites were found on
the subject property. The subject property is on the DEQ Site Cleanup Assistance Program
(SCAP) list for cleanup of lead and asbestos contamination.
Fifty-nine underground storage tank sites were found registered in the OCC database; none of the
registered USTs are within a half mile of the subject property. The UST sites are located east,
west, southwest, and northwest of the subject property. None of the adjoining properties contain
USTs. Of the fifty-nine USTs, four sites have current and historic leaking underground storage
tank cases. None of the LUST cases are up-gradient of the subject property. The subject property
does not have any LUST cases on record. The UST at the subject property was removed on June
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
23
8, 1995 according to Oklahoma Corporation Commission (OCC) records. The tank did not
appear to have any leaks upon removal. Soil samples showed gasoline range organics and diesel
range organics below OCC action limits in the UST excavation.
No oil and gas development was found in the OCC oil and gas records for the subject property
and quarter, quarter, quarter sections directly above and upgradient of the site.
One pole mounted transformer, in good condition without any leaks, is located on the northwest
corner of the subject property. It is unknown if this transformers contains PCBs. Fluorescent
lighting ballasts are located throughout the building. The lighting ballasts are all in good
condition. It is unknown if the lighting ballasts contain PCBs or mercury.
7.0 OPINION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Due to the past use of the property and contamination found on the subject property, the environmental
professionals working on this site believe that cleanup of lead and asbestos is warranted. Several findings
mentioned in Section 6.0 of this Phase I TBA report support this opinion.
DEQ feels there is a low potential of impact from the LUST cases due to the distance they are located
from the site. None of these LUST cases were found on the adjoining properties either. There are no
registered USTs within a half mile radius of the subject property. DEQ feels there is a low potential of
impact to the site from the LUST and UST sites.
No archived CERCLIS site listings, RCRA generators, VCP sites, or Brownfield sites were found within
the ASTM recommended search radii, indicating a low potential of impact to the subject property. There
were no RCRA CORRACT sites found within one mile of the subject property. There are no air-permitted
facilities found within the recommended search radii.
8.0 DATA GAPS
No tribal information was obtained for this assessment. No tax records, city directories, or zoning records
were reviewed for this report. However, this did not affect the ability of the DEQ to make a
recommendation on the subject property.
9.0 CONCLUSIONS
DEQ has performed a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment in conformance with the scope and
limitations of ASTM Practice E 1527-05 of the former Pawhuska armory located at 823 East 8th St.,
Pawhuska, Oklahoma. Any exceptions to, or deletions from, this practice are described in Section [10.0]
of this report. This assessment has revealed no evidence of recognized conditions in connection with the
property except for the following: former UST on the property, lead contaminated soil, and lead dust,
lead-based paint, and asbestos contamination throughout the building.
The information provided in this assessment is to assist the City of Pawhuska in its revitalization planning
as well as meet the All Appropriate Inquiry requirement of the landowner liability protections under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA, better known as
Superfund – Ref. 2), as provided in the Small Business Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act of 2002
(Public Law 107-118, Subtitle B – Ref. 3).
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
24
10.0 ADDITIONAL SERVICES
Additional services provided in this Phase I Targeted Brownfield Assessment include soil, surface water
(in indoor firing range), asbestos, lead-based paint, and lead dust sampling by DEQ and its contractors.
11.0 DEVIATIONS
The following deviations from ASTM Practice E 1527-05 occur in this Phase I Targeted Brownfield
Assessment. Asbestos, lead paint, lead dust and soil were sampled and the corresponding results were
included in this report. Normally, sampling is not included in a Phase I Environmental Assessment, but it
was in this case. No tax records, city directories, or zoning records were reviewed for this report.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
25
12.0 REFERENCES
1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2007). Oklahoma Brownfields Assistance Agreement
(No #RP976412010). Unpublished Document. State of Oklahoma: Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (1980). Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act. (Public Law 96-510). Washington D.C.: U.S. Government
Printing Office.
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2002). Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields
Revitalization Act. (Public Law 107-118, Subtitle B). Washington D.C.: U.S. Government
Printing Office.
4. ASTM International. (2005). Water and Environmental Technology: Phase I Environmental Site
Assessment E 1527 – 05. Baltimore, Maryland.
5. Pawhuska, Osage County, OK. (1927). Digital sanborn maps 1867-1970. Retrieved Aug 3, 2011,
from http://sanborn.umi.com/.
6. United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. (n.d.). Web
soil survey Retrieved from http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx.
7. Federal Emergency Management Association. Map Service Center. Last viewed August 24,
2011.
http://msc.fema.gov/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/CategoryDisplay?catalogId=10001&storeId=1000
1&categoryId=12001&langId=-1&userType=G&type=1.
8. Oklahoma Geological Survey. (1980). Reconnaissance of the Water Resources of the Enid
Quadrangle, North-Central Oklahoma, Hydrological Atlas 7. The University of Oklahoma,
Norman, OK.
9. United States Environmental Protection Agency. CERCLIS Database. Last viewed August 24,
2011. http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/srchsites.cfm.
10. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRAInfo). Last viewed March 31, 2008.
http://www.epa.gov/enviro/html/rcris/rcris_query_java.html.
11. Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality online data viewer.
http://maps.scigis.com/deq_wq/
12. Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality Brownfields IC database.
http://www.deq.state.ok.us/lpdnew/Brownfields/IC%20Documents/IC%20Database%20edit.html
12. Oklahoma Water Resources Board. Water Well Record Search. Last viewed 03-07-11.
http://www.owrb.state.ok.us/wd/search/search.php.
13. Oklahoma Military Department Environmental Office. (December 13, 2005). Limited
Environmental Baseline Assessment: Oklahoma Army National Guard, Pawhuska Armory.
Unpublished document.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
26
14. Paul McAlexander. (March 5, 2010). Personal Interview.
15. Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality. Land Protection Division. RCRA Notifiers
List. Last updated September 2, 2008.
http://www.deq.state.ok.us/LPDnew/HW/Notifiers/notifiersbycountycity.pdf.
16. Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality. Land Protection Division. Brownfields
Program. Last viewed November 20, 2008.
http://www.deq.state.ok.us/LPDnew/brownfindex.html.
17. Oklahoma Army National Guard. (2005). Indoor Firing Range Lead Issues Report. C.H.
Guernsey & Company.
18. Owenby, James, Heim, Jr., Richard, Burgin, Michael, & Ezell, Devoyd. National Climatic Data
Center, NOAA Satellite and Information Service. (2009). Climatography of the U.S. no. 81 -
supplement # 3. Retrieved from
http://lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/documentlibrary/clim81supp3/clim81.html
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
13.0 APENDICIES
Appendix A Site Map and Legal Documents
Figure 1 Pawhuska Armory - Google Earth
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Appendix B Aerial Photographs and Topographic Maps
Figure 2 Pawhuska Armory 1937
Figure 2 Pawhuska Armory 1995
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Figure 3 Pawhuska Armory 2003
Figure 4 Pawhuska Armory 2005
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Figure 5 Pawhuska Armory 2008
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Appendix C Review of Regulatory Records
Monitoring wells from OWRB
Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska Armory
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Appendix D Site Photographs
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Appendix E – Sample Results
Appendix F - Qualifications of Environmental Professionals
1. Heather Mallory - Heather Mallory holds a Bachelors and Masters Degree in
Environmental Science from the University of Oklahoma. Mrs. Mallory has nine years
experience in environmental sampling and remediation. She is an Environmental
Programs Specialist with the Land Protection Division of the Oklahoma Department of
Environmental Quality. Her responsibilities include: project management of various
Voluntary Cleanup sites across the state, NEPA coordinator for the Tar Creek voluntary
buyout of residents, conducting and reviewing Targeted Brownfield Assessments, serving
on agency-wide GIS policy making committee, and training DEQ Land Protection
Division staff on GPS receivers.
2. Rachel Francks – Rachel Francks holds a Bachelors Degree in Geography from the
University of Oklahoma. Ms. Francks has 6 months of experience in environmental
sampling and remediation. She is an Environmental Programs Specialist with the Land
Protection Division of the Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality. Her
responsibilities include: project management of various Brownfields and Voluntary
Cleanup site across the state, QAPP reviewer, and conducting and reviewing Targeted
Brownfield Assessments.

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TARGETED BROWNFIELD
ASSESSMENT
For
Oklahoma Army National Guard
Former Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
ASTM E 1527-05
Phase I Environmental Site Assessment
All Appropriate Inquiry
Prepared by:
August 24, 2011
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
3
Background and Disclaimer: The purpose of an environmental site assessment is to identify actual or
potential “recognized environmental conditions” that may result in liability or land use restrictions. The
ASTM Phase I Environmental Site Assessment E 1527 – 05 is the minimum standard for environmental
due diligence in the commercial real estate industry and meets the standard for All Appropriate Inquiry
under the Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act of 2002. A diligent effort in
accordance with generally accepted good commercial and customary standards and practices was
undertaken to identify the “recognized environmental conditions” that might affect the redevelopment
project. However, the identification of old hazardous waste sites is an evolving process; therefore, the
Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) cannot state with absolute certainty that no other
potential hazardous waste sites are located in the area. In no event shall the DEQ or its employees be liable
for any damages, injury, loss, cost or expense whatsoever arising in connection with the use or reliance on
the information contained in this report, except as otherwise provided by law.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
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Table of Contents
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................6
2.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................7
2.1 Purpose ..................................................................................................................7
2.2 Detailed Scope-of-Services .....................................................................................8
2.3 Significant Assumptions .........................................................................................8
2.4 Limitations and Exceptions .....................................................................................8
2.5 Special Terms and Conditions ................................................................................8
3.0 SITE CHARACTERIZATION AND HISTORY ................................................................9
3.1 Location and Legal Description ..............................................................................9
3.2 Site and Vicinity Characterization...........................................................................9
3.3 Description of Structures, Roads, and Other Improvements .....................................10
3.4 Owner, Property Manager, and Occupant Information ............................................10
3.5 Information Reported by User Regarding Environmental ........................................10
Lien or Specialized Knowledge or Experience
3.6 Commonly Known or Reasonably Ascertainable Information .................................10
3.7 Valuation Reduction for Environmental Issues........................................................10
3.8 Current Use of the Property ....................................................................................11
3.9 Past Use of the Property ........................................................................................11
3.9.1 Review of Aerial Photographs .................................................................11
3.9.2 Fire Insurance Maps ................................................................................11
3.10 Current and Past Uses of Adjoining Properties .......................................................12
3.11 Environmental (Physical) Setting ...........................................................................12
3.11.1 Surface Water Characteristics .................................................................12
3.11.2 Soil Characterization ..............................................................................13
3.11.3 Subsurface Geological Characterization..................................................13
3.11.4 Groundwater Characteristics ...................................................................13
3.11.5 Air Characteristics ..................................................................................13
4.0 RECORDS REVIEW .........................................................................................................14
4.1 Federal National Priorities List (NPL).....................................................................14
4.2 Federal CERCLIS List ............................................................................................14
4.3 Federal RCRA CORRACTS List ............................................................................14
4.4 Federal RCRA non-CORRACTS TSD List .............................................................14
4.5 Federal RCRA Generators List ...............................................................................14
4.6 Federal ERNS List..................................................................................................15
4.7 Federal Institutional Control/Engineering Control Registries...................................15
4.8 State-Equivalent NPL .............................................................................................15
4.9 State-Equivalent CERCLIS.....................................................................................15
4.10 State Landfill and/or Solid Waste Disposal Sites .....................................................15
4.11 State Leaking UST List ..........................................................................................16
4.12 State Registered UST Sites .....................................................................................18
4.13 State Institutional Control/Engineering Control Registries ......................................18
4.14 State Voluntary Cleanup Sites ................................................................................18
4.15 State Brownfield Sites ............................................................................................18
4.16 Oil and Gas Records ...............................................................................................18
5.0 SITE RECONNAISSANCE AND INTERVIEWS .............................................................18
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5.1 Methodology and Limiting Conditions....................................................................18
5.2 General Site Conditions ..........................................................................................19
5.3 External Observations .............................................................................................21
5.4 Internal Observations ..............................................................................................21
5.5 Interviews...............................................................................................................21
6.0 FINDINGS ........................................................................................................................22
7.0 OPINION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .........................................................................23
8.0 DATA GAPS .....................................................................................................................23
9.0 CONCLUSIONS ...............................................................................................................23
10.0 ADDITIONAL SERVICES ...............................................................................................24
11.0 DEVIATIONS ...................................................................................................................24
12.0 REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................25
13.0 APPENDICIES ..................................................................................................................
Appendix A Site Map and Legal Documents
Appendix B Aerial Photographs and Topographic Maps
Appendix C Review of Regulatory Records
Appendix D Site Photographs
Appendix E Sample Results
Appendix F Qualification(s) of Environmental Professionals
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Pawhuska, Oklahoma
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1.0 Executive Summary
On March 5, 2010 Christa Welch and Sara Downard of the DEQ performed site reconnaissance of the
Pawhuska Armory located at 823 East 8th Street, Pawhuska, Oklahoma as part of a Targeted Brownfield
Assessment (TBA). Rachel Francks completed this TBA is Christa Welch’s absence. The subject
property is in a section of Pawhuska characterized by residential properties. The purpose of the TBA is to
identify potential environmental concerns by reviewing historical data, regulatory information, and by
performing a visual inspection of the site and surrounding area. The following is an executive summary
of the environmental site assessment results:
The Works Progress Administration (WPA) initiated construction of the former Pawhuska
Armory in 1935 and concluded with a dedication of the building in 1938. The land for the
building was deeded by the City of Pawhuska in September 1935, for benefit of the Oklahoma
National Guard. The subject property is currently owned by the Department of Environmental
Quality. After all remediation activities have taken place and a notice of remediation and
easement has been filed in the Osage County, courthouse, the deed to the property will revert to
the City of Pawhuska.
Historically, the subject property served to quarter contingents of the Oklahoma Army National
Guard. Tools, heavy equipment, firearms, gas masks, chemical suits, and communication
equipment were stored in the building. An indoor firing range was also onsite for target practice.
The firing range is periodically flooded with water and likely to have lead dust contamination. It
is unknown if the firing range contains any sand. The building is contaminated with lead dust,
lead-based paint, and asbestos. The Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality Site
Cleanup Assistance Program plans to clean up the lead and asbestos contamination on the subject
property and properly dispose of all associated waste.
The property formerly contained a 1,000 gallon underground storage tank (UST) that was
removed from the site in 1995. The vent pipe was left in place. Analytical results were below
Oklahoma Corporation Commission (OCC) action limits.
Adjoining properties consist of residences and undeveloped land. Historical aerial photographs
show residences and a park adjacent to the subject property.
Sanborn Fire Insurance maps showed that the subject property was park land before the armory
was built. Adjacent properties consisted of residential structures. During the interview in
November 2010 with John Gibson, environmental specialist for the military department, Christa
Welch asked about the 1936 armory.
No National Priority List (NPL), delisted NPL sites, active or archived Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information Search (CERCLIS) site
listings, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) non-corrective action sites
(CORRACTS) treatment, storage, and disposal (TSD) listings, Emergency Response Notification
System (ERNS) list, Institutional Controls/Engineering Controls, or State landfills and/or solid
waste disposal sites were found on the subject property or within the ASTM recommended search
radii. No RCRA generators, Voluntary Cleanup (VCP) sites, or Brownfield sites were found on
the subject property. The subject property is on the DEQ Site Cleanup Assistance Program
(SCAP) list for cleanup of lead and asbestos contamination. There were seven RCRA
CORRACTS listed within one mile of the subject property.
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Four leaking underground storage tank (LUST) cases were reported in the OCC UST database
within ½ mile of the subject property. No LUST cases were reported on the subject property.
According to the OCC’s database, there are no registered UST’s adjacent to subject property.
There are no up-gradient LUST cases, relative to the subject property. The subject property does
not have any LUST cases on record. The UST at the subject property was removed on June 8,
1995 according to military records. The tank did not appear to have any leaks upon removal.
Soil samples showed gasoline range organics total xylenes with a range of 0.7μg/Kg and no
diesel range organics present in the UST excavation.
No oil and gas development was found in the OCC oil and gas records for the subject property
and quarter, quarter, quarter sections directly above and upgradient of the site.
One pole mounted transformer, in good condition without any leaks, are located on the northwest
side of the subject property. It is unknown if the transformer contains polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs). Fluorescent lighting ballasts are located throughout the building. The lighting ballasts
are all in good condition. It is unknown if the lighting ballasts contain PCBs. Fluorescent light-bulbs
generally contain mercury.
2.0 INTRODUCTION
The State of Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality under a Brownfield Assistance Agreement
(No. RP96681001-0) (Ref. 1) with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) conducted a
Targeted Brownfield Assessment of a property located at 823 East 8th Street Pawhuska, Oklahoma.
2.1 Purpose
The purpose of this assessment is to look at the environmental conditions within the target area
and provide this information to the City of Pawhuska as well as meet the All Appropriate Inquiry
requirement of the landowner liability protections under the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA, better known as Superfund – Ref. 2), as
provided in the Small Business Relief and Brownfield’s Revitalization Act of 2002 (Public Law
107-118, Subtitle B – Ref. 3). The purpose of a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment is to
identify, to the extent feasible, recognized environmental conditions in connection with the target
property through a systematic review of readily available information sources and a site
reconnaissance.
DEQ is providing technical assistance to the project by evaluating the environmental condition of
the property prior to the City acquiring the property. Funding for this assessment has been
provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
2.2 Detailed Scope-of-Services
DEQ examined the current use of the property and then identified the historical uses of the
property to determine if recognized environmental conditions exist. DEQ examined historical
documents, governmental databases, oil and gas records, aerial photographs, Sanborn Fire
Insurance Maps, and conducted interviews and a site reconnaissance of the area. DEQ also hired
a contractor to conduct asbestos, lead-based paint, and lead dust assessments. A good faith effort
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
8
was made to identify possible environmental conditions that might affect the development of the
property.
2.3 Significant Assumptions
History and knowledge of the subject property shows that the building was used as a National
Guard Armory. Prior to armory construction in 1936, the property was park space owned by the
City of Pawhuska. There has been no oil and gas exploration on the property according to OCC
records.
Since the building was constructed in 1936, the building is likely to contain asbestos containing
material (ACM). The U.S. began banning the use of asbestos in most building materials in the
1970s due to studies confirming the harmful health effects caused by exposure to airborne
asbestos. The building has limited asbestos containing materials. All asbestos containing floor
tile and mastic have been removed from the building. No information was available on the
removal of the floor tile. Marshall Environmental Management conducted an asbestos survey on
July 19, 2008 and found asbestos only in the caulking around the windows of the building.
(see Appendix F).
2.4 Limitations and Exceptions
The purpose of an environmental site assessment is to identify actual or potential “recognized
environmental conditions” that may result in liability, land use restrictions, or cause delays in
revitalization. The ASTM Phase I Environmental Site Assessment E 1527 – 05 (Ref. 4) is the
minimum standard for environmental due diligence in the commercial real estate industry and
meets the standard for All Appropriate Inquiry under the Small Business Liability Relief and
Brownfields Revitalization Act of 2002. A diligent effort in accordance with generally accepted
good commercial and customary standards and practices was undertaken to identify the
“recognized environmental conditions” that might affect the revitalization project. However, the
identification of old hazardous waste sites is an evolving process; therefore, DEQ cannot state with
absolute certainty that no other potential hazardous waste sites are located in the area. This
assessment was conducted under constraints of time, cost, and scope and reflects a limited
investigation and evaluation. It reflects the normal degree of care and skill that is ordinarily
exercised by environmental professionals conducting business in this or similar localities. In no
event shall the DEQ or its employees be liable for any damages, injury, loss, cost or expense
whatsoever arising in connection with the use or reliance on the information contained in this
report, except as otherwise provided by law.
The information in this report is based on a review of governmental records, interviews with
knowledgeable representatives of the property, and observations of the environmental
professional. The result of this assessment, as written in this report, is valid as of the date of
report. The assessment does not include sampling of rock, groundwater, surface water, or air.
For qualifications of environmental professionals see Appendix G.
2.5 Special Terms and Conditions
This assessment report has been prepared for the City of Pawhuska, Oklahoma by the DEQ using
EPA funding. Information about this report will be provided to the EPA for its files. This report
and the working file are public record and subject to the Oklahoma Open Records Act and the
federal Freedom of Information Act.
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Pawhuska, Oklahoma
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3.0 SITE CHARACTERIZATION AND HISTORY
3.1 Location and Legal Description
The subject property is located on 823 East 8th Street in between Ruble and Parker Avenues in
Pawhuska, Oklahoma. This property consists of approximately one acre of land and contains the
former National Guard Armory building. A site map and topographical map depicting the
property has been provided in Appendix A and Appendix B respectively.
The subject property is located in section 3, township 25N, and range 9E. The armory building’s
legal location is described as lots 20 to 24 block 47, in the City of Pawhuska, Osage County,
Oklahoma.
Records at the Osage County Courthouse were searched to determine ownership and operational
history of the subject property. It was determined that the property was previously owned by a
Mr. H.H. Brenner, the original trustee of the land from part of the Prudom Addition, and deeded
to the Oklahoma National Guard in 1936.
3.2 Site and Vicinity Characterization
The former Pawhuska Armory was completed in 1938 by the Works Progress Administration.
According to Osage County land records, the land for the building was deeded by the City of
Pawhuska to the State of Oklahoma, on May 2, 1936, for benefit of the Veterinary Company No.
120 of Pawhuska, Oklahoma National Guard (see Appendix A). The subject property is a small
tract of land, 1.4 acres. Vehicle maintenance, fueling, small arms fire, and storage occurred
onsite. The subject property is located at 823 E. 8th Street in Pawhuska, Oklahoma bound by an
unnamed alley to the north, Ruble Avenue to the east, and Parker Avenue to the west. The areas
where the subject property and adjacent properties are located are best characterized by
residential development. A site vicinity map of the subject property can be found in Appendix A.
Lead dust, lead-based paint, and asbestos were discovered on the subject property by DEQ
contractor, Marshall Environmental Management. Sample results for the lead-based paint, lead
dust, and asbestos inspections can be found in Appendix F.
Utilities that serve the subject property are Oklahoma Gas and Electric for natural gas and the
City of Pawhuska for water, sewer, and electric according to Paul McAlexander, environmental
specialist for the Oklahoma Military Department (OMD) (Ref. 14). According to the Oklahoma
Water Resources Board Water Information Mapping System, the subject property is served by the
City of Pawhuska supplied surface water, public water supply ID 1021301.
A review of the topographical map indicated that the surface elevation of the site is
approximately 812 feet above mean sea level. The topographical gradient is to the northeast.
The topographical map can be found in Appendix B.
Underground features at the subject property presently include utility lines and formerly, one
UST on the south side of the building. According to military department documents, the UST
was installed in 1958 for fuel storage and dispensing. The UST vent pipe remains on the subject
property. The UST was last used in July 1980 permanently closed in situ August 5, 1993. The
UST was excavated when funding became available June 8, 1995 and removed from the subject
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Pawhuska, Oklahoma
10
property. Soil testing adjacent to the tank was non-detect. See Appendix C for information on
the UST.
3.3 Description of Structures, Roads, and Other Improvements
The subject property consists of approximately half a city block. The two city lots are used to
house the former armory building, driveway, sidewalk, and yard. The driveway is located on the
east side of the building and is a paved area leading to the overhead doors that are attached to the
building. The sidewalk is located on the south side of the building.
The adjacent property consists of residential structures to the east and north, with the property to
the south being undeveloped and forested land, and a city park to the west.
3.4 Owner, Property Manager, and Occupant Information
The Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality currently owns the subject property. After
all remediation activities have taken place and a notice of remediation and easement has been
filed in the Osage County courthouse, the deed to the property will be transferred to the City of
Pawhuska.
3.5 Information Reported by User Regarding Environmental Lien or
Specialized Knowledge or Experience
Before transfer of property to the DEQ, the OMD reported no environmental liens on the subject
property. OMD did disclose that the military used the basement of the building as a firing range.
OMD also mentioned that the building could contain asbestos, PCBs, and lead-based paint due to
the age of the building. The Environmental Office of OMD performed a Limited Environmental
Baseline Assessment (LEBA) of the Pawhuska Armory (Ref. 13) and the OMD contractor, C.H.
Guernsey & Company, sampled lead dust in the IFR and surrounding area (Ref. 17). A copy of
the LEBA can be found in Appendix C and the Guernsey report can be found in Appendix F. The
LEBA details the conditions found in the armory when it was in active use by the Oklahoma
Army National Guard. The Guernsey report provides a brief narrative, a map of the IFR, and
sample results.
3.6 Commonly Known or Reasonably Ascertainable Information
It is commonly known within the community that the building was used as a National Guard
Armory by the Oklahoma Army National Guard. The building was used to house de minimus
volumes of hazardous materials and chemicals as required to support the mission of the
Oklahoma Armory National Guard unit since it was occupied. According to John Gibson of the
OMD, these items may have included petroleum, oils, lubricants (POLs), solvents, and cleaning
products.
3.7 Valuation Reduction for Environmental Issues
Valuation of the property is outside the scope of this assessment. A professional appraiser should
be consulted to place a value on the property.
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Pawhuska, Oklahoma
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3.8 Current Use of the Property
The property is occupied by contingents of the Oklahoma Army National Guard (OKARNG) and
is maintained and managed by the OMD on behalf of the OKARNG.
3.9 Past Use of the Property
3.9.1 Review of Aerial Photographs
Historic aerial photographs were searched to view the changes to the property over time.
The 1937 aerial photograph was obtained from the Oklahoma Department of Libraries
archives. All other aerial photographs were obtained from the DEQ digital database of
archived and present-day aerial photographs. Aerial photographs from 1995, 2003, 2005,
and 2008 were obtained. All of these photographs are located in Appendix B. The
following represents a summary of what was found at the subject property from each
aerial photograph.
1937Aerial Photograph
The 1937 aerial photograph shows the subject property to be to the southeast of
Pawhuska, Oklahoma near a residential area and near agricultural land. The photograph
shows the building on the subject property to be under construction. Buildings on
adjacent properties appear to be residences. No apparent environmental conditions were
noted from the photograph.
1995 Aerial Photograph
The 1995 aerial photograph shows the subject property to be to the southeast of
Pawhuska, Oklahoma near a residential area and north of a heavily wooded area.
Buildings on adjacent properties appear to be residences. No apparent environmental
conditions were noted from the photograph.
2003 Aerial Photograph
The 2003 aerial photograph shows the subject property to be to the southeast of
Pawhuska, Oklahoma near a residential area and north of a heavily wooded area.
Buildings on adjacent properties appear to be residences. No apparent environmental
conditions were noted from the photograph.
2008 Aerial Photograph
The 2008 aerial photograph shows the subject property to be to the southeast of
Pawhuska, Oklahoma near a residential area and north of a heavily wooded area.
Buildings on adjacent properties appear to be residences. No apparent environmental
conditions were noted from the photograph.
3.9.2 Fire Insurance Maps
Sanborn Fire Insurance maps were viewed for Pawhuska Oklahoma and downloaded
from the Sanborn Libraries website (Ref. 5). Sanborn maps of the subject property and
adjoining properties were found for 1894, 1927, and 1958. All of the Sanborn maps are
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Pawhuska, Oklahoma
12
located in Appendix A along with the two map legends used to decipher the maps. The
following represents a summary of what was found at the subject property and adjoining
properties from each Sanborn map. The 1894 Sanborn map does not show the area where
the subject property resides and therefore was omitted from this report.
1927 Sanborn Map
Sheet 16 of the 1927 Sanborn shows the location where the subject property is located,
before development. The subject property is located in the northeast quadrant of Parker
and East 8th Streets. During this time, the subject property was a municipal park. The
property to the north of the subject property contains residential land. To the south is
four dwellings and vacant land. The properties to the east are not shown on the 1927
Sanborn map.
1958 Sanborn Map
Sheet 16 of the 1958 Sanborn shows the subject property edifice. The surrounding area
has changed little. Two additional residential properties are shown to the north. To the
south of the subject property, two wood outbuildings have been added behind the two
existing dwellings shown on the 1927 map. No changes have been made to the property
to the west, it remains vacant park land. The properties to the east are not shown on the
1958 Sanborn map.
3.10 Current and Past Uses of Adjoining Properties
As discussed above, Sanborn maps were consulted to determine past uses of adjoining properties.
The properties to the north and south of the subject property were residential in nature. The
property to the west of the subject property is undeveloped. The property to the east of the
subject property is not shown on the Sanborn maps.
During the site visit on March 5, 2010, adjoining properties were observed to contain the
following. To the north of the subject property is an alleyway and residential area. The property
to the south is undeveloped and forested. The property to the east is residential. To the west of
the subject property is a green space with no structures.
3.11 Environmental (Physical) Setting
DEQ reviewed several sources to obtain information on the physical setting of the subject
property and its surrounding areas. These sources include: The United States Department of
Agriculture Osage County Soil Survey, Oklahoma Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas, and the
Federal Emergency Management Association. Review of the physical setting of the area is to
evaluate the sensitivity of the hydrogeology to potential contamination from sources either on or
near the site.
3.11.1 Surface Water Characteristics
The subject property is located in Pawhuska, Oklahoma, in Osage County. The climate
in Pawhuska, Oklahoma is humid and receives average rainfall, about 37 inches per year.
The temperature usually ranges from 25°F to 100°F during the winter and summer
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Pawhuska, Oklahoma
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respectively (Ref. 18). Primary surface water bodies in Osage County include the
Arkansas River and Kaw Lake. The Arkansas River forms part of the southern boundary
of the county.
The closest water body is Bird Creek which is 0.25 miles south of the site. According to
the Federal Emergency Management Association, the subject property and adjoining
properties are in an area determined to be outside the 500-year floodplain (Ref. 7). A
map of this information is located in Appendix C. No wastewater discharge permits were
located within 1 mile of the subject property according to the Department of
Environmental Quality GIS Data Viewer.
3.11.2 Soil Characterization
The subject property is located within the Osage silty clay soil association. It is
characterized as having 0 to 1 percent slopes, and occasionally flooding and poorly
drained (Ref. 6).
3.11.3 Subsurface Geological Characterization
Subsurface geology near the subject property primarily consists of the Vamoosa-Ada
Formation. The Vamoosa Formation consists of a complex sequence of fine- to very
fine-grained sandstone, siltstone, shale, and conglomerate interbedded with very thin
limestones. The formation is an important water source for both residential and
municipal wells (Ref. 8).
3.11.4 Ground Water Characteristics
The groundwater near Pawhuska, Oklahoma typically has poor to fair chemical quality.
Groundwater flow is to the southeast. There are no well-head protection areas adjacent to
subject property .This area is underlain by sandstone, siltstone, shale, and conglomerate
interbedded with very thin limestones. The water tends to contain concentrations of total
dissolved solids of less than 500 mg per liter. Groundwater wells near Pawhuska,
Oklahoma produce from 25 to 50 gallons per minute (gpm) (Ref. 8).
3.11.5 Air Characteristics
No air emissions were noticed at the subject property or the adjoining properties. Paul
McAlexander, OMD Environmental Engineering Department, had no knowledge of any
air emissions on the subject property (Ref. 11). During the site visit, a musty odor was
noticed inside the building. No odors were noticed outside of the subject property during
the site visit. There is a potential for lead dust and asbestos emissions from the subject
property.
There are no air-permitted facilities located within 1 mile of the subject property
according to the DEQ Air Quality inventory on the DEQ Data viewer (Ref. 11).
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4.0 RECORDS REVIEW
A regulatory database search was conducted by the DEQ. This search included, at a minimum, those
records and distances from the site dictated as appropriate in the ASTM standard. The DEQ performed a
review of available federal and state databases to assess whether the subject property or proximate
properties were listed as having environmental concerns, which could have an adverse impact on the
subject property. The following provides a summary of the databases reviewed.
4.1 Federal National Priorities List (NPL)
The EPA database was searched for NPL sites near the subject property within the ASTM’s
recommended search radius of one mile. The subject property is not a listed NPL site. There are
no NPL sites reported within a one-mile radius of the subject property.
There is also an EPA database for Delisted NPL sites, which ASTM requires to be reported
within ½ mile of the subject property. No delisted NPL sites are within the ½ mile search radius.
4.2 Federal CERCLIS List
The EPA database for Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
(CERCLA) Information Service (CERCLIS) was searched for active and archived CERCLIS
sites on and near the subject property. The ASTM’s recommended search radius of the subject
property for both active and archived CERCLIS sites is ½ mile. No active or inactive CERCLIS
sites were found within ½ mile of the subject property (Ref. 9).
4.3 Federal RCRA CORRACTs List
The EPA database for Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) facilities subject
to corrective action were searched within the ASTM’s required minimum distance of one
mile of the subject property. No RCRA CORRACT facilities are within the one-mile
radius of the subject property.
4.4 Federal RCRA non-CORRACTS TSD List
The EPA database for RCRA facilities not subject to corrective action was searched within the
ASTM’s required minimum distance of ½ mile of the subject property. No RCRA non-
CORRACT Treatment, Storage and Disposal (TSD) sites are within the ½ mile radius of the
subject property (Ref. 15).
4.5 Federal RCRA Generators List
DEQ RCRA Notifiers database was searched for RCRA generators within the ASTM’s required
minimum search distance of the subject property (Ref. 15). The minimum distance is the property
and adjoining properties. The subject property did not have any RCRA notifiers or generators
and none are known on adjacent properties.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
15
4.6 Federal ERNS List
Emergency Response Notification system (ERNS) maintained by the National Response Center
was searched for any hazardous substance releases or spills within the subject property. ASTM
requires a minimum search distance of property only when identifying ERNS cases. No ERNS
sites were reported within the property or the adjoining properties.
4.7 Federal Institutional Control/Engineering Control Registries
There are no known Institutional Controls/Engineering Controls on the subject property
according to the owner and representatives of the subject property. Federal Institutional Control
Registries are still under development.
4.8 State-Equivalent NPL
DEQ does not have a State-equivalent NPL database. Oklahoma does not have a State Superfund
law to establish a State-equivalent NPL database.
4.9 State-Equivalent CERCLIS
DEQ does not have a State-equivalent CERCLIS database.
4.10 State Landfill and / or Solid Waste Disposal Sites
DEQ regulates landfills and solid waste disposal sites across the State of Oklahoma. State
landfills and solid waste disposal facilities were searched in the DEQ database within the ASTM
required minimum distance of ½ mile from the subject property. No permitted landfills or solid
waste disposal facilities are located within the search distance of the subject property. No
landfills, dumping, or disturbed soil were noticed on the subject property during the DEQ site
visit on March 5, 2010.
4.11 State Leaking UST List
The Oklahoma Corporation Commission UST Notification Database was searched to locate any
known LUST sites located within the ASTM’s minimum search distance of a ½ mile of the
subject property. Four LUST sites were found within the ½ mile radius. The following sites are
listed and described below.
EZ Mart #626 of Pawhuska, located at 521 E. Main, is approximately four blocks
southwest of the subject property. The site has a historical LUST case and the status is
closed. The LUST case Facility ID number is 5703642. The direction of groundwater
flow is to the southeast, according to the topographic map. Therefore, it is unlikely that
this spill has affected the subject property.
Henkels Quick Stop of Pawhuska, located at 429 E. Main, is approximately 4 and a half
block southwest of the subject property. The site has a historical LUST case with 4
tanks, the case is closed. Three of the tanks are still in use, one is permanently out of use.
The LUST case Facility ID number is 5708247. The direction of groundwater flow is to
the southeast, according to the topographic map. Therefore, it is unlikely that this spill
has affected the subject property.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
16
Formby’s Phillips 66 Station of Pawhuska, located at 301 E. Main, is approximately 5
blocks to the southwest of the subject property. The site has a current LUST case that is
still open. There are four tanks affected, three are currently in use, and one tank is
temporarily out of use. The LUST case Facility ID number is 5709222. The direction of
groundwater flow is to the southeast, according to the topographic map. Therefore, it is
unlikely that this spill has affected the subject property.
According to the Oklahoma Water Resources Board reported well-log viewer, there is
another LUST case within ½ mile of the subject property. There is no name listed with
the data, however, information states at Prudom & Main Streets in Pawhuska, specifically
238 E. Main, approximately 6 blocks to the southwest of subject property, there is a
historical LUST case. There are three tanks on the site, listed as permanently out of use
and the case status is closed. The LUST case facility ID is 5701131. The direction of
groundwater flow is to the southeast, according to the topographic map. Therefore, it is
unlikely that this spill has affected the subject property.
4.12 State Registered UST Sites
The Oklahoma Corporation Commission UST Notification Database was searched to locate
registered USTs located within the ASTM’s minimum search distance of the subject property and
its adjoining properties. The subject property formerly contained a 1,000 gallon gasoline UST on
the property. The UST was removed June 14, 1995 from the subject property. No leaks were
reported to the OCC for the UST. Following the tank removal the soil was sampled from the side
and the center of the tank pit. No gasoline range organics were found above action limits within
the soil. Soil samples showed no diesel range organics above action limits in the UST
excavation. For a map of UST sites near the subject property, see Appendix C. The following
table shows UST locations within 1 mile of the subject property.
FacilityS
tatus
FacilityNum
ber
FacilityName Address1 City State Zip Code Tank Count
Active 5703684 The Country Store 27 CR 3460 Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Active 5708247 Henkels Quick Stop 429 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Active 5708568 Maverick Mini Mart #26 914 W 7TH Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Active 5706387 Smiths Apco Station 903 N LYNN Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Active 5702855 Pawhuska Stop Buy HWY 99 &
NELAGONEY ROAD
Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Active 5701132 Formby Oil Co - Super T 800 W MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Active 5709222 Formby Phillips 66
Station
301 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Active 5720835 Kum & Go #860 2101 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive 5721858 Equinox Oil Co E/2 E/2 NW 11-27N-
11E
Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Active 5720676 Osage County Sheriff's
Dept
900 S ST PAUL Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive H5718297 Owens Quick Mart
Station
1230 W MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive H5716213 H F Stephenson Getty 603 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive H5716185 Phillips Bulk 413 PRUDOM Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5701131 Prudom St & Main St 238 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive 5718137 Mid-Continent Bulk Dx 400 PRUDOM Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive H5717235 Fred Leonard Dx 718 KEHEKAH Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5712223 Osage Agency Campus ADDRESS UNKNOWN Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive 5701137 Barnsdall School BOX 1420 Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
17
Inactive H5717238 Nesbitt Corner Phillips 16 MI N HWY 99 & 10
JCT
Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Temporari
ly Closed
5721174 Pawhuska Auto Salvage 218 S LYNN Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive 5705061 Phillips 66 Co #005221 MAIN & PERSON Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Active 5756617 Pawhuska (Tu0548) North of CR4070 &
CR4201 Intersection
Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive H5719296 Evergreen Service 4 1/2 MI S HWY 99 Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive H5717187 Elmer Black (Gibble) 1001 W 7TH Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5709284 Ron Fina 700 W MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Inactive 5709633 Dobbie's Bait Shop HC 73 BOX 240 Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Inactive H5717236 King Motor Service Dx HWY 60 W 1/2 MI Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5700316 Jerry E. Collins 201 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Inactive H5717239 George W Branum
Gibble
RED EAGLE RT 1/4 MI
N
Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5711797 Sand Creek
Headquarters Divi
P.O. BOX 638 Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive H5716629 Municipal Airport 4 MI W Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Active 5703296 City Of Pawhuska 406 SO LYNN AVE Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive 5708385 Calumet Oil Company RT. 1 BOX 65 A Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Active 5714780 Pawhuska Light &
Water Plant
701 W 10TH Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Inactive 5703642 Ez Mart #626 521 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive H5716258 Mrs. Roy M Ward
Phillips
RT 1 1/4 MI E ACROSS
BIRD CREEK BRIDGE
Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5705964 Lowry's Clothing Store 127 W. MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Active 5709986 Osage Co Maintenance
Hdg
RT 1 BOX 1211 M W
OF PAWHUSKA ON US
60 W
Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Inactive 5705549 John W Atterberry 717 LYNN AVE Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Temporari
ly Closed
5702300 H & H Oil Well Service,
Inc
HWY 99 SOUTH OF
CITY
Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive 5713759 Calumet Oil Company 1.8 MI S OF HWY 60 &
99 JCT ON HWY 99
Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Inactive H5717188 Don Galloway RED EAGLE RT, 14 MI
E HWY 60
Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5704098 P&H Machine 1220 WEST MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Active 5709571 Southwestern Bell
Telephone Co
221 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Inactive 5701138 D. D. Kyler Tank BOX 1420 Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive 5706826 Preston D Landrum 201 W MAIN ST Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive 5701141 Blake Stone Co. ADDRESS UNKNOWN Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Active 5720543 Formby Oil 400 PRUDOM Pawhuska OK 74056 4
Inactive H5717237 John Noel Texaco 604 E MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5705776 Oklahoma National
Guard Armory
823 E 8TH Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive 5701139 D.T.S. Tank ADDRESS UNKNOWN Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive H5917240 Elton Stocker Phillips 4TH & HARRISON Pawhuska OK 74056 0
Inactive 5705965 Former-Miller Brus
Service St
21ST STR & OLD HWY
99
Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Inactive 5701142 Getty Bulk Plant 5TH & LEAHY Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Inactive 5701983 Texaco Master Station MAIN & LYNN
STREETS
Pawhuska OK 74056 3
Inactive 5701130 Formby Oil Co. 1000 W MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 1
Active 5756656 Apac 2805 US Hwy 60 Pawhuska OK 74056 2
Active 5702991 Osage County Dist #1 1125 W MAIN Pawhuska OK 74056 6
Inactive 5711945 Fred A Drummond 715 N KI-KAH-KA Pawhuska OK 74056 1
4.13 State Institutional Control/Engineering Control Registries
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
18
DEQ Brownfields Program DEQ Institutional Controls page was searched for institutional
controls on the site. There are no Institutional Control/Engineering Controls in effect for this
property.
4.14 State Voluntary Cleanup Sites
DEQ Voluntary Cleanup Program (VCP) database was searched for VCP sites within the required
ASTM search distance of ½ mile of the former Pawhuska Armory property. No VCP sites are
located on or within ½ mile of the subject property (Ref 11).
4.15 State Brownfield Sites
DEQ Brownfield database was searched for Brownfield sites within the required ASTM search
distance of ½ mile of the former Pawhuska Armory property (Ref. 16). No Brownfield sites were
found within ½ mile of the former Pawhuska Armory property.
4.16 Oil and Gas Records
DEQ determined that the subject property is located in the SE ¼ SE ¼ SW ¼ of Section 3 –
T25N – R9E. DEQ performed a search of oil and gas records from the Oklahoma Corporation
Commission’s oil and gas records database and looked at Osage county land records at the Osage
County Courthouse. The subject property is in an area where there is very little history of oil and
gas development. Oil and gas records were searched to record the known history of well
development on this site. A search area consisted of the property as described from the legal
location above and the quarter, quarter, quarter sections directly above and upgradient of the site.
No well records were found in the quarter, quarter, quarter sections directly above and upgradient
of the site. (see Appendix C).
5.0 SITE RECONNAISSANCE AND INTERVIEWS
5.1 Methodology and Limiting Conditions
A site reconnaissance of the subject property located on the northwest corner of Parker Street and
East 8th Street was performed on March 5, 2010. Christa Welch and Sara Downard of the DEQ
met the Pawhuska city manager, Paul McAlexander at the subject property. Mr. McAlexander
introduced Christa Welch and Sara Downard to the site and answered questions to the best of his
knowledge. Mr. McAlexander led Welch and Downard inside the building and gave his
knowledge regarding the former use of the building and property and past activities that occurred
onsite. All areas of the building were observed noting any environmental conditions that might
need additional investigation. The outside area of the property was examined thoroughly for
observations that might need additional investigation. Soil samples were taken outside the vent
fan and in a drainage ditch.
5.2 General Site conditions
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
19
The former Pawhuska Armory Property is composed of a rock building of approximately 28,000
square feet. The building is currently vacant. The property surrounding the building consists of
an overgrown alleyway to the north; a paved vehicle ramp leading into the motor pool, a small
gravel parking area, and grass to the east; grass and sidewalks to the south, and grass to the west.
The property is in town and surrounded by paved streets. The following are general site
conditions that were evaluated on the property and adjacent properties.
Aboveground Storage Tanks (ASTs)
The subject property does not have any ASTs. No ASTs were found on the adjacent properties
during the site reconnaissance.
Landfills and/or Dumping
No landfills, dumping, or disturbed soil was found on the property. There is an empty dumpster
onsite. This is accessible from the road and therefore could be a source of future dumping.
Impoundments
No impoundments were observed at the subject property. The property formally contained a
swimming pool on the west side, which has been filled and vegetated.
Monitoring Wells
No monitoring wells are present on the property. According to the Oklahoma Water Resources
Board well search, performed on February 14, 2011, there are twenty-three monitoring wells
within the designated search radius of 1 mile. These wells were installed in 1998, 2001, 2002,
2005, and 2009 for groundwater monitoring. These three wells are located downgradient of the
subject property. See Appendix C for a map of OWRB wells found within 1 mile of the subject
property.
Disturbed and Stained Soils
No stained soils were observed at the subject property. Soil samples were taken by DEQ
personnel outside of the IFR vent fan, below the sump pipe, and along the ditch leading from the
sump pipe to the sidewalk. Soil samples taken from the ditch revealed lead concentrations of 55
mg/kg at the top of the ditch, 88 mg/kg in the middle of the ditch, and 82 mg/kg at the end of the
ditch. All soil samples contain lead below site specific screening levels of 500 mg/kg. The
sample point at the top of the ditch was located just below the outfall of the IFR sump pipe. The
end of the ditch was deemed to be located where the ditch met the sidewalk. For a detailed sketch
of the sample point locations see Appendix F.
Seeps
No seeps of any kind were observed at the subject property. However, a discharge pipe was
observed leading from the IFR, along the west side of the building, and onto the grass. The pipe
appeared to be attached to the sump pump in the basement. It was unknown when the pump was
last operated. For pictures of the sump pipe see the site photographs in Appendix D and the
Limited Environmental Baseline Assessment in Appendix C. See the Guernsey Report in
Appendix F for photographs taken inside the indoor firing range in 2005.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
20
Chemical Spills
No evidence of possible chemical spills were evident during the site visit to subject property.
Farm Waste
No farm waste was observed at the subject property.
Known Pesticide Misapplication
No known pesticide misapplications were detected during the site visit or during the supportive
research.
Discharges and Runoff from Adjacent Property Affecting the Site
Runoff from adjacent properties does not appear to be an existing problem affecting the subject
property. The property directly to the west and contiguous to the subject property is vegetated
park-land. The alley way directly on the north side of the subject property was not reported by
Mr. McAlexander, the Pawhuska City Manager, to be flood prone. The subject property is
situated so that rainwater would run off site into roads to the south and east.
Petroleum Products and Oil and Natural Gas Exploration
No petroleum products or oil and natural gas exploration was observed during the site visit.
Asbestos
The building has limited asbestos containing materials. All asbestos containing floor tile and
mastic have been removed from the building. No information was available on the removal of
the floor tile. Marshall Environmental Management conducted an asbestos survey on July 19,
2008 and found asbestos only in the caulking around the windows of the building.
Lead
The building contains lead-based paint and lead dust. Marshall Environmental Management
conducted lead-based paint and lead dust surveys on July 19, 2008 and found lead dust and lead-based
paint throughout the building. Lead dust was found in every room except for the ammo
section room. The indoor firing range was not sampled for lead dust and lead-based paint due to
inaccessibility issues associated with flooding. Lead-based paint was found on doors, door
frames, handrails, windows, window bars, wall trim, walls, overhead door frames, and
downspouts in various places inside and outside of the building. DEQ sampled the water in the
IFR and found no lead. DEQ also sampled soil outside of the firing range vent fan, below the
sump pipe, and in the ditch below the sump pipe. Refer to “Disturbed and Stained Soils” section
above for information about DEQ soil sampling. For more information on lead-based paint and
DEQ sample results, see Appendix F.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
21
Transformers/PCB Equipment
There was one transformer observed on the northwest corner of the subject property. The
transformer appeared to be in good condition and had no damage. No Polychlorinated biphenyl
(PCB) contamination or other PCB-containing equipment was found at the site.
Fluorescent lighting ballasts were found throughout the entire building. It is unknown if the
ballasts contain PCBs. None of the ballasts appeared to have leaks.
5.3 External Observations
The external observations showed no recognized environmental conditions. The area is
composed of a concrete driveway, and an alley with grass vegetation covering the rest of the site.
North of the building there is an alleyway, directly behind the alley is a residential area. The east
side of the building consists of a concrete driveway, and a vent pipe from the former UST. The
south side of the building is vegetated with grass and has a concrete side walk. The west side of
the building has a grass yard that formally contained a swimming pool. The IFR vent fan and
drain pipe are located on the west side of the building. The drain pipe was observed by DEQ
staff to run through the vent fan opening, along the west side of the building, and discharge
approximately 25 feet to the north of the vent fan. Photographs of the external view of the site
can be found in Appendix D.
5.4 Internal Observations
The building is currently vacant and was last used by the Oklahoma Army National Guard to
support the military mission. The building was constructed from native rock in 1936 by the
Works Progress Administration. Before construction of the armory building the land was owned
by the City of Pawhuska and was undeveloped. During the site visit on March 5, 2010, there
were no observed environmental concerns on the interior of the subject property. Black mastic
was observed in rooms 15 and 16, however the mastic was found to not contain asbestos by
Marshall Environmental Management. No recognized environmental concerns were found inside
the building. Photographs of the internal view of the site can be found in Appendix D.
5.5 Interviews
John Gibson, an Environmental Programs Specialist with the Oklahoma Military Department,
was interviewed to assist with providing historical knowledge of subject property. Gibson said
that the Oklahoma Army National Guard (OKARNG) was placed on the National Register of
Historic Places in 1994. Additionally, Gibson stated that the building housed construction
equipment, tools, gas masks, chemical suits, communication equipment, firearms, and a limited
amount of chemicals. The chemicals used in the armory consisted of household cleaning agents,
paint, and military decontamination canisters. While touring the subject property with Pawhuska
city manager, Paul McAlexander, he stated that the IFR periodically flooded due to seepage from
the saturated soil. It was assumed that the Army National Guard had to turn on the sump pump to
drain the IFR before each use. It was noted that a PVC pipe runs from the sump pump, along the
ceiling, out the vent fan opening, along the west side of the building, and out onto the grass where
it flows through a small ditch and out onto the street. The IFR was inaccessible during the site
visit due to lack of electricity and scattered debris. For more information on the site visit, see the
notes and numbered floor plan map and description of each room in Appendix E.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
22
6.0 FINDINGS
Summarized below are the major findings from this Targeted Brownfield Assessment and DEQ’s
recommendations. The major findings of the highest environmental concern are presented first.
The former Pawhuska Armory was built in 1938 by the Works Progress Administration. The
land for the building was deeded by the City of Pawhuska to the State of Oklahoma, on October
4, 1938, for benefit of the Oklahoma National Guard. The subject property is currently owned by
the Department of Environmental Quality. After all remediation activities have taken place and a
notice of remediation and easement has been filed in the Osage County, courthouse, the deed to
the property will revert to the City of Pawhuska.
Historically, the subject property was used to house equipment needed for training. Tools,
furniture, and cleaning supplies were stored in the building upon inspection. An indoor firing
range was also onsite for target practice. The firing range is occasionally flooded with water and
likely to have lead dust contamination. The firing range does not contain a sand trap. The
building is contaminated with lead dust, lead-based paint, and asbestos and a portion of the
outdoor soil is contaminated with lead. The Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality
Site Cleanup Assistance Program will remediate the lead and asbestos contamination on the
subject property and properly dispose of all associated waste. The lead and asbestos
contamination in the building constitutes a recognized environmental condition (REC).
The property formerly contained a 1,000 gallon underground storage tank (UST) that was
removed July 25, 1995. The vent pipe was left in place. Low levels of gasoline range organics
were detected during the UST removal (total xylenes 0.7) and diesel range organics were below
detection limits. The former UST and associated contamination constitutes a historically
recognized environmental condition (HREC).
Adjoining properties consist of residences, and undeveloped property to the south. Historical
aerial photographs show residences surrounding the subject property.
Sanborn Fire Insurance maps showed that the subject property was vacant land before the armory
was built. Adjacent properties consisted of residential structures and a city park.
No National Priority List (NPL), delisted NPL sites, active or archived Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information Search (CERCLIS) site
listings, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) non-corrective action sites
(CORRACTS) treatment, storage, and disposal (TSD) listings, Emergency Response Notification
System (ERNS) list, Institutional Controls/Engineering Controls, or State landfills and/or solid
waste disposal sites were found on the subject property or within the ASTM recommended search
radii. No RCRA generators, Voluntary Cleanup (VCP) sites, or Brownfield sites were found on
the subject property. The subject property is on the DEQ Site Cleanup Assistance Program
(SCAP) list for cleanup of lead and asbestos contamination.
Fifty-nine underground storage tank sites were found registered in the OCC database; none of the
registered USTs are within a half mile of the subject property. The UST sites are located east,
west, southwest, and northwest of the subject property. None of the adjoining properties contain
USTs. Of the fifty-nine USTs, four sites have current and historic leaking underground storage
tank cases. None of the LUST cases are up-gradient of the subject property. The subject property
does not have any LUST cases on record. The UST at the subject property was removed on June
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
23
8, 1995 according to Oklahoma Corporation Commission (OCC) records. The tank did not
appear to have any leaks upon removal. Soil samples showed gasoline range organics and diesel
range organics below OCC action limits in the UST excavation.
No oil and gas development was found in the OCC oil and gas records for the subject property
and quarter, quarter, quarter sections directly above and upgradient of the site.
One pole mounted transformer, in good condition without any leaks, is located on the northwest
corner of the subject property. It is unknown if this transformers contains PCBs. Fluorescent
lighting ballasts are located throughout the building. The lighting ballasts are all in good
condition. It is unknown if the lighting ballasts contain PCBs or mercury.
7.0 OPINION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Due to the past use of the property and contamination found on the subject property, the environmental
professionals working on this site believe that cleanup of lead and asbestos is warranted. Several findings
mentioned in Section 6.0 of this Phase I TBA report support this opinion.
DEQ feels there is a low potential of impact from the LUST cases due to the distance they are located
from the site. None of these LUST cases were found on the adjoining properties either. There are no
registered USTs within a half mile radius of the subject property. DEQ feels there is a low potential of
impact to the site from the LUST and UST sites.
No archived CERCLIS site listings, RCRA generators, VCP sites, or Brownfield sites were found within
the ASTM recommended search radii, indicating a low potential of impact to the subject property. There
were no RCRA CORRACT sites found within one mile of the subject property. There are no air-permitted
facilities found within the recommended search radii.
8.0 DATA GAPS
No tribal information was obtained for this assessment. No tax records, city directories, or zoning records
were reviewed for this report. However, this did not affect the ability of the DEQ to make a
recommendation on the subject property.
9.0 CONCLUSIONS
DEQ has performed a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment in conformance with the scope and
limitations of ASTM Practice E 1527-05 of the former Pawhuska armory located at 823 East 8th St.,
Pawhuska, Oklahoma. Any exceptions to, or deletions from, this practice are described in Section [10.0]
of this report. This assessment has revealed no evidence of recognized conditions in connection with the
property except for the following: former UST on the property, lead contaminated soil, and lead dust,
lead-based paint, and asbestos contamination throughout the building.
The information provided in this assessment is to assist the City of Pawhuska in its revitalization planning
as well as meet the All Appropriate Inquiry requirement of the landowner liability protections under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA, better known as
Superfund – Ref. 2), as provided in the Small Business Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act of 2002
(Public Law 107-118, Subtitle B – Ref. 3).
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
24
10.0 ADDITIONAL SERVICES
Additional services provided in this Phase I Targeted Brownfield Assessment include soil, surface water
(in indoor firing range), asbestos, lead-based paint, and lead dust sampling by DEQ and its contractors.
11.0 DEVIATIONS
The following deviations from ASTM Practice E 1527-05 occur in this Phase I Targeted Brownfield
Assessment. Asbestos, lead paint, lead dust and soil were sampled and the corresponding results were
included in this report. Normally, sampling is not included in a Phase I Environmental Assessment, but it
was in this case. No tax records, city directories, or zoning records were reviewed for this report.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
25
12.0 REFERENCES
1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2007). Oklahoma Brownfields Assistance Agreement
(No #RP976412010). Unpublished Document. State of Oklahoma: Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (1980). Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act. (Public Law 96-510). Washington D.C.: U.S. Government
Printing Office.
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2002). Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields
Revitalization Act. (Public Law 107-118, Subtitle B). Washington D.C.: U.S. Government
Printing Office.
4. ASTM International. (2005). Water and Environmental Technology: Phase I Environmental Site
Assessment E 1527 – 05. Baltimore, Maryland.
5. Pawhuska, Osage County, OK. (1927). Digital sanborn maps 1867-1970. Retrieved Aug 3, 2011,
from http://sanborn.umi.com/.
6. United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. (n.d.). Web
soil survey Retrieved from http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx.
7. Federal Emergency Management Association. Map Service Center. Last viewed August 24,
2011.
http://msc.fema.gov/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/CategoryDisplay?catalogId=10001&storeId=1000
1&categoryId=12001&langId=-1&userType=G&type=1.
8. Oklahoma Geological Survey. (1980). Reconnaissance of the Water Resources of the Enid
Quadrangle, North-Central Oklahoma, Hydrological Atlas 7. The University of Oklahoma,
Norman, OK.
9. United States Environmental Protection Agency. CERCLIS Database. Last viewed August 24,
2011. http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/srchsites.cfm.
10. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRAInfo). Last viewed March 31, 2008.
http://www.epa.gov/enviro/html/rcris/rcris_query_java.html.
11. Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality online data viewer.
http://maps.scigis.com/deq_wq/
12. Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality Brownfields IC database.
http://www.deq.state.ok.us/lpdnew/Brownfields/IC%20Documents/IC%20Database%20edit.html
12. Oklahoma Water Resources Board. Water Well Record Search. Last viewed 03-07-11.
http://www.owrb.state.ok.us/wd/search/search.php.
13. Oklahoma Military Department Environmental Office. (December 13, 2005). Limited
Environmental Baseline Assessment: Oklahoma Army National Guard, Pawhuska Armory.
Unpublished document.
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
26
14. Paul McAlexander. (March 5, 2010). Personal Interview.
15. Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality. Land Protection Division. RCRA Notifiers
List. Last updated September 2, 2008.
http://www.deq.state.ok.us/LPDnew/HW/Notifiers/notifiersbycountycity.pdf.
16. Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality. Land Protection Division. Brownfields
Program. Last viewed November 20, 2008.
http://www.deq.state.ok.us/LPDnew/brownfindex.html.
17. Oklahoma Army National Guard. (2005). Indoor Firing Range Lead Issues Report. C.H.
Guernsey & Company.
18. Owenby, James, Heim, Jr., Richard, Burgin, Michael, & Ezell, Devoyd. National Climatic Data
Center, NOAA Satellite and Information Service. (2009). Climatography of the U.S. no. 81 -
supplement # 3. Retrieved from
http://lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/documentlibrary/clim81supp3/clim81.html
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
13.0 APENDICIES
Appendix A Site Map and Legal Documents
Figure 1 Pawhuska Armory - Google Earth
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Appendix B Aerial Photographs and Topographic Maps
Figure 2 Pawhuska Armory 1937
Figure 2 Pawhuska Armory 1995
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Figure 3 Pawhuska Armory 2003
Figure 4 Pawhuska Armory 2005
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Figure 5 Pawhuska Armory 2008
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Appendix C Review of Regulatory Records
Monitoring wells from OWRB
Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska Armory
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Appendix D Site Photographs
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Phase I TBA Pawhuska Armory
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Appendix E – Sample Results
Appendix F - Qualifications of Environmental Professionals
1. Heather Mallory - Heather Mallory holds a Bachelors and Masters Degree in
Environmental Science from the University of Oklahoma. Mrs. Mallory has nine years
experience in environmental sampling and remediation. She is an Environmental
Programs Specialist with the Land Protection Division of the Oklahoma Department of
Environmental Quality. Her responsibilities include: project management of various
Voluntary Cleanup sites across the state, NEPA coordinator for the Tar Creek voluntary
buyout of residents, conducting and reviewing Targeted Brownfield Assessments, serving
on agency-wide GIS policy making committee, and training DEQ Land Protection
Division staff on GPS receivers.
2. Rachel Francks – Rachel Francks holds a Bachelors Degree in Geography from the
University of Oklahoma. Ms. Francks has 6 months of experience in environmental
sampling and remediation. She is an Environmental Programs Specialist with the Land
Protection Division of the Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality. Her
responsibilities include: project management of various Brownfields and Voluntary
Cleanup site across the state, QAPP reviewer, and conducting and reviewing Targeted
Brownfield Assessments.