All these guides are available on the product disc. To access them, use a Web browser to open the welcome.htm file located in the top-level directory of the installation media, and then select the Documentation tab.

2 Logging In to the System as root

Before you install the Oracle software, you must complete several tasks as the root user. To log in as the root user, complete one of the following procedures:

Note:

You must install the software from an X Window System workstation, an X terminal, or a PC or other system with X server software installed

Following are the steps for installing the software from an X Window System workstation or X terminal:

Start a local terminal session, for example, an X terminal (xterm).

If you are not installing the software on the local system, then enter the following command to enable the remote host to display X applications on the local X server:

$ xhost fully_qualified_remote_host_name

For example:

$ xhost somehost.us.example.com

If you are not installing the software on the local system, then use the ssh, rlogin, or telnet command to connect to the system where you want to install the software:

$ telnet fully_qualified_remote_host_name

If you are not logged in as the root user, then enter the following command to switch user to root:

$ su -
password:
#

Following are the steps for installing the software from a PC or other system with X server software:

Note:

If necessary, refer to your X server documentation for more information about completing this procedure. Depending on the X server software that you are using, you may need to complete the tasks in a different order.

Start the X server software.

Configure the security settings of the X server software to permit remote hosts to display X applications on the local system.

Connect to the remote system where you want to install the software and start a terminal session on that system, for example, an X terminal (xterm).

If you are not logged in as the root user on the remote system, then enter the following command to switch user to root:

3 Checking the Hardware Requirements

3.1 Memory Requirements

The following are the memory requirements for installing Oracle Database 11g Release 1:

At least 1 GB of RAM

To determine the RAM size, enter the following command:

# /usr/contrib/bin/machinfo | grep -i Memory

If the size of the RAM is less than the required size, then you must install more memory before continuing.

The following table describes the relationship between installed RAM and the configured swap space requirement:

Available RAM

Swap Space Required

Between 1024 MB and 2048 MB

1.5 times the size of RAM

Between 2049 MB and 8192 MB

Equal to the size of RAM

More than 8192 MB

0.75 times the size of RAM

To determine the size of the configured swap space, enter the following command:

# /usr/sbin/swapinfo -a

If necessary, refer to the operating system documentation for information about how to configure additional swap space.

Note:

Oracle recommends that you take multiple values for the available RAM and swap space before finalizing a value. This is because the available RAM and swap space keep changing depending on the user interactions with the computer.

3.2 System Architecture

To determine whether the system architecture can run the software, enter the following command:

# /bin/getconf KERNEL_BITS

Note:

The expected output of this command is 64. If you do not see the expected output, then you cannot install the software on this system.

3.3 Disk Space Requirements

The following are the disk space requirements for installing Oracle Database 11g Release 1:

Between 150 and 400 MB of disk space in the /tmp directory

To determine the amount of disk space available in the /tmp directory, enter the following command:

# bdf /tmp

If there is less than 400 MB of free disk space available in the /tmp directory, then complete one of the following steps:

Delete unnecessary files from the /tmp directory to meet the disk space requirement.

Set the TMP and TMPDIR environment variables when setting the oracle user's environment (described later).

Extend the file system that contains the /tmp directory. If necessary, contact the system administrator for information about extending file systems.

To determine the amount of free disk space on the system, enter the following command:

# bdf

Between 1.5 GB and 3.5 GB of disk space for the Oracle software, depending on the installation type. The following table describes the disk space requirements for software files for each installation type:

Installation Type

Requirement for Software Files (GB)

Enterprise Edition

6.89

Standard Edition

6.09

Custom (maximum)

6.89

The following table describes the disk space requirements for each installation type:

Installation Type

Disk Space for Data Files (GB)

Enterprise Edition

1.69

Standard Edition

1.48

Custom (maximum)

1.81

Additional disk space, either on a file system or in an Automatic Storage Management disk group, is required for the flash recovery area if you choose to configure automated backups.

4 Checking the Software Requirements

Depending on the products that you intend to install, verify that the following software are installed on the system.

To determine whether a bundle, product, or fileset is installed, enter a command similar to the following, where level is bundle, product, or fileset:

# /usr/sbin/swlist -l level | more

If a required bundle, product, or fileset is not installed, then you must install it. Refer to your operating system or software documentation for information about installing products.

In addition, you need to verify that the following patches are installed on the system. The procedure following the table describes how to check these requirements.

Note:

There may be more recent versions of the patches listed installed on the system. If a listed patch is not installed, then determine whether a more recent version is installed before installing the version listed.

4.3 Patch Requirement

In addition, you need to verify that the following patches are installed on the system.

Note:

There may be more recent versions of the patches listed installed on the system. If a listed patch is not installed, then determine whether a more recent version is installed before installing the version listed.

The following are operating system patches for HP-UX on Itanium:

For HPIA 11.23 (Mar '07 Patch bundle for HP-UX 11iV2- B.11.23.0703):

Mar '07 Patch bundle for HP-UX 11iV2 (B.11.23.0703)

PHKL_35478: s700_800 11.23 shmget(2) cumulative patch

PHCO_36673: s700_800 11.23 libc cumulative patch

PHKL_36853: s700_800 11.23 pstat patch

PHSS_37958: 11.23 Libcl patch

Note:

HP Serviceguard is supported with Oracle Database 11g Release 1 only if the HP-UX Serviceguard patch PHSS_34824 is not installed.

If you have an existing HP-UX 11.23 installation with patch PHSS_34824 installed, then you must deinstall this patch before installing or upgrading to Oracle Database 11g Release 1. If you do not remove this patch, then Oracle Database installation fails.

4.4.4 Browser Requirements

Web browsers must support Java Script and the HTML 4.0 and CSS 1.0 standards. The following browsers meet these requirements:

On Oracle Application Express:

Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0 or later version

Firefox 1.0 or a later version

On Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control:

Netscape Navigator 7.2

Netscape Navigator 8.1

Mozilla version 1.7

Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0 SP2

Microsoft Internet Explorer 7.0

Firefox 1.0.4

Firefox 1.5

Firefox 2.0

5 Creating Required Operating System Groups and Users

The following local operating system groups and users are required if you are installing Oracle Database:

The Oracle Inventory group (oinstall)

The OSDBA group (dba)

The Oracle software owner (oracle)

To determine whether these groups and users already exist, and if necessary, to create them, follow these steps:

To determine whether the oinstall group exists, enter the following command:

# more /var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc

If the output of this command shows the oinstall group name, then the group already exists.

Note:

In Oracle documentation, Oracle Inventory group is called oinstall. However, it is not mandatory to use the same name, you can enter a different name for the group.

If the oraInst.loc file exists, then the output from this command is similar to the following:

inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall

The inst_group parameter shows the name of the Oracle Inventory group, oinstall.

To determine whether the dba group exists, enter the following command:

# grep dba /etc/group

If the output from this commands shows the dba group name, then the group already exists.

If necessary, enter the following commands to create the oinstall and dba groups:

# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba

To determine whether the oracle user exists and belongs to the correct groups, enter the following command:

# id oracle

If the oracle user exists, then this command displays information about the groups to which the user belongs. The output should be similar to the following, indicating that oinstall is the primary group and dba is a secondary group:

uid=440(oracle) gid=200(oinstall) groups=201(dba),202(oper)

If necessary, complete one of the following actions:

If the oracle user exists, but its primary group is not oinstall or it is not a member of the dba group, then enter the following command:

# /usr/sbin/usermod -g oinstall -G dba oracle

If the oracle user does not exist, enter the following command to create it:

# /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

This command creates the oracle user and specifies oinstall (for example) as the primary group and dba as the secondary group.

Enter the following command to set the password of the oracle user:

# passwd oracle

6 Configure Kernel Parameters

Note:

The kernel parameter values shown in this section are recommended values only. For production database systems, Oracle recommends that you tune these values to optimize the performance of the system. See your operating system documentation for more information about tuning kernel parameters.

Verify that the kernel parameters shown in the following table are set either to the formula shown, or to values greater than or equal to the recommended value shown. The procedure following the table describes how to verify and set the values.

Parameter

Recommended Formula or Value

ksi_alloc_max

(nproc*8)

executable_stack

0

max_thread_proc

1024

maxdsiz

1073741824 (1 GB)

maxdsiz_64bit

2147483648 (2 GB)

maxssiz

134217728 (128 MB)

maxssiz_64bit

1073741824 (1 GB)

maxuprc

((nproc*9)/10)

msgmni

(nproc)

msgtql

(nproc)

ncsize

(8*nproc+3072)

nfile

(15*nproc+2048)

nflocks

(nproc)

ninode

(8*nproc+2048)

nkthread

(((nproc*7)/4)+16)

nproc

4096

semmni

(nproc)

semmns

(semmni*2)

semmnu

(nproc-4)

semvmx

32767

shmmax

The size of memory or 1073741824 (0X40000000), whichever is greater.

Note: To avoid performance degradation, the value should be greater than or equal to the size of the available memory.

shmmni

4096

shmseg

512

vps_ceiling

64

Note:

If the current value for any parameter is higher than the value listed in this table, then do not change the value of that parameter. The following kernel parameters are obsolete HP_UX 11.31. You need not specify values for these parameters:

msgmax

msgssz

msgmap

msgseg

To view the current value or formula specified for these kernel parameters, and to change them if necessary:

Enter the following command to start the kcweb application:

# /usr/sbin/kcweb -F

Check the value or formula specified for each of these parameters and, if necessary, modify that value or formula.

If necessary, refer to the kcweb online Help for more information about completing this step.

Note:

If you modify the value of a parameter that is not dynamic, then you must restart the system.

7 Creating Required Directories

Create directories with names similar to the following, and specify the correct owner, group, and permissions for them:

The Oracle base directory

An optional Oracle data file directory

The Oracle base directory must have 3 GB of free disk space, or 4 GB of free disk space if you choose not to create a separate Oracle data file directory.

Note:

If you do not want to create a separate Oracle data file directory, then you can install the data files in a subdirectory of the Oracle base directory. However, this is not recommended for production databases.

To create the Oracle base directory:

Enter the following command to display information about all mounted file systems:

# bdf

This command displays information about all the file systems mounted on the system, including:

The physical device name

The total amount, used amount, and available amount of disk space

The mount point directory for that file system

From the display, identify either one or two file systems that meet the disk space requirements mentioned earlier in this section.

Note the name of the mount point directory for each file system that you identified.

Enter commands similar to the following to create the recommended subdirectories in the mount point directory that you identified and set the appropriate owner, group, and permissions on them:

8 Configuring the oracle User's Environment

You run Oracle Universal Installer from the oracle account. However, before you start Oracle Universal Installer, you must configure the environment of the oracle user. To configure the environment, you must:

Set the default file mode creation mask (umask) to 022 in the shell startup file.

Set the DISPLAY environment variable.

To set the oracle user's environment:

Start a new terminal session, for example, an X terminal (xterm).

Enter the following command to ensure that X Window applications can display on this system:

$ xhost fully_qualified_remote_host_name

For example:

$ xhost somehost.us.example.com

Complete one of the following steps:

If the terminal session is not connected to the system where you want to install the software, then log in to that system as the oracle user.

If the terminal session is connected to the system where you want to install the software, then switch user to oracle:

$ su - oracle

To determine the default shell for the oracle user, enter the following command:

$ echo $SHELL

Open the oracle user's shell startup file in any text editor:

Bash shell (bash):

$ vi .profile

Bourne shell (sh), Bash shell (bash), or Korn shell (ksh):

$ vi .bash_profile

C shell (csh or tcsh):

% vi .login

Enter or edit the following line in the shell startup file, specifying a value of 022 for the default file mode creation mask:

umask 022

If the ORACLE_SID, ORACLE_HOME, or ORACLE_BASE environment variable is set in the file, then remove the corresponding lines from the file.

Save the file, and exit from the editor.

To run the shell startup script, enter the following command:

Bash shell on Red Hat:

$ . ./.bash_profile

Bourne shell, Bash shell, or Korn shell:

$ . ./.profile

C shell:

% source ./.login

If you are not installing the software on the local computer, then run the following command on the remote machine to set the DISPLAY variable:

Bourne, Bash or Korn shell:

$ export DISPLAY=local_host:0.0

C shell:

% setenv DISPLAY local_host:0.0

In this example, local_host is the host name or IP address of the local computer that you want to use to display Oracle Universal Installer.

Run the following command on the remote machine to check if the shell and the DISPLAY environmental variable are set correctly:

echo $SHELL
echo $DISPLAY

Now to enable X applications, run the following commands on the local computer:

$ xhost + fully_qualified_remote_host_name

To verify that X applications display is set properly, run a X11 based program that comes with the operating system such as xclock:

$ xclock_path

In this example, xclock_path is the directory path. For example, you can find xclock at /usr/X11R6/bin/xclocks. If the DISPLAY variable is set properly, then you can see xclock on your computer screen.

See Also:

PC-X Server or Operating System vendor documents for further assistance.

If you determined that the /tmp directory had insufficient free disk space when checking the hardware requirements, then identify a file system with the required amount of free space and set the TMP and TMPDIR environment variables as follows:

Use the df -k command to identify a suitable file system with sufficient free space.

If necessary, enter commands similar to the following to create a temporary directory on the file system that you identified, and set the appropriate permissions on the directory:

In these examples, /u01/app/oracle is the Oracle base directory that you created or identified earlier and sales is the name that you want to call the database (typically no more than five characters).

Enter the following commands to ensure that the ORACLE_HOME and TNS_ADMIN environment variables are not set:

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

$ unset ORACLE_HOME
$ unset TNS_ADMIN

C shell:

% unsetenv ORACLE_HOME
% unsetenv TNS_ADMIN

To verify that the environment has been set correctly, enter the following commands:

$ umask
$ env | more

Verify that the umask command displays a value of 22, 022, or 0022 and the environment variables that you set in this section have the correct values.

9 Mounting the Product Disc

On most HP-UX on Itanium systems, the product disc mounts automatically when you insert it into the drive. If the disc does not mount automatically, then follow these steps to mount it:

Switch user to root:

$ su -
password
#

If necessary, enter the following command to unmount the currently mounted disc, then remove it from the drive:

# /usr/sbin/umount /SD_DVD

In this example, /SD_DVD is the mount point directory for the disc drive.

Insert the appropriate disc into the disc drive, then enter a command similar to the following to mount it:

# /usr/sbin/mount -F cdfs -o rr /dev/dsk/cxtydz /SD_DVD

In this example, /SD_DVD is the disc mount point directory and /dev/dsk/cxtydz is the device name for the disc device, for example /dev/dsk/c0t2d0.

If Oracle Universal Installer is displaying the Disk Location dialog box, enter the disc mount point directory path, for example:

If Oracle Universal Installer does not start, then refer to Oracle Database Installation Guide for Linux for information about how to troubleshoot X Window display problems.

The following table describes the recommended action for each Oracle Universal Installer screen. Use the following guidelines to complete the installation:

If you need more assistance, or if you want to choose an option that is not a default, then click Help for additional information.

If you encounter errors while installing or linking the software, then refer to Oracle Database Installation Guide for Linux for information about troubleshooting.

Note:

If you have completed the tasks listed previously, then you can complete the installation by choosing the default values on most screens.

In Oracle documentation, Oracle Inventory group is called oinstall. However, it is not mandatory to use the same name, you can enter a different name for the group.

Screen

Recommended Action

Select a Product to Install

This screen enables you to install any one for the following products:

Oracle Database 11g

Oracle Client

Oracle Clusterware

Click Next.

Select Installation Method

The Basic Installation option is selected by default.

Specify the directory path of the Oracle home. Ensure that the oinstall group is selected. If you want to create a starter database, then specify a name and password for it. Then, click Next.

Specify Inventory Directory and Credentials

This screen is displayed only during the first installation of Oracle products on a system.

Specify the full path of the Oracle Inventory directory. Ensure that the operating system group selected is oinstall. Then, click Next.

Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks

Verify that all of the prerequisite checks succeed, and then click Next.

Oracle Universal Installer checks the system to verify that it is configured correctly to run Oracle software. If you have completed all of the preinstallation steps in this guide, all of the checks should pass.

If a check fails, then review the cause of the failure listed for that check on the screen. If possible, rectify the problem and rerun the check. Alternatively, if you are satisfied that your system meets the requirements, then you can select the check box for the failed check to manually verify the requirement.

Oracle Configuration Manager

Enter the Customer Identification Number, My Oracle Support (OracleMetalink) User Name, Country code, and Click Next. The new screen prompts you to accept the license agreement. Click Accept license Agreement to accept the agreement.

If you decline this agreement, then Oracle Configuration Manager is installed but not configured.

Summary

Review the information displayed on this screen, and then click Install.

Install

This screen displays status information while the product is installed.

Configuration Assistants

This screen displays status information for the configuration assistants that configure the software and create a database. When the message is displayed at the end of this process, click OK to continue.

Execute Configuration Scripts

When prompted, read the instructions and then run the scripts mentioned on this screen. Click OK to continue.

End of Installation

The configuration assistants configure several Web-based applications, including Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control. This screen displays the URLs configured for these applications. Make a note of the URLs used. The port numbers used in these URLs are also recorded in the following file:

oracle_home/install/portlist.ini

To exit from Oracle Universal Installer, click Exit and then click Yes.

11 Installing Oracle Database Examples

If you plan to use the following products or features, then download and install the products from the Oracle Database Examples media:

12 What to Do Next?

To become familiar with this release of Oracle Database, it is recommended that you complete the following tasks:

Log in to Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control using a Web browser.

Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control is a Web-based application that you can use to manage a single Oracle Database installation. The default URL for Database Control is similar to the following:

http://host.domain:1158/em/

To log in, use the user name SYS and connect as SYSDBA. Use the password that you specified for this user during the Oracle Database 11g installation.

To learn more about using Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control to administer a database, refer to Oracle Database 2 Day DBA.

This guide, designed for new Oracle DBAs, describes how to use Database Control to manage all aspects of an Oracle Database installation. It also provides information about how to enable e-mail notifications and automated backups, which you might not have configured during the installation.

You are welcome to install and evaluate the products included in this media pack for 30 days under the terms of the Trial License Agreement. However, you must purchase a program license if you want to continue using any product after the 30 day evaluation period. See the following section for information about purchasing program licenses.

Purchasing Licenses, Version Updates, and Documentation

You can purchase program licenses, updated versions of Oracle products, and printed versions of Oracle documentation from the Oracle Store Web site:

If you have purchased Oracle Product Support, you can call Oracle Support Services for assistance 24 hours a day, seven days a week. For information about purchasing Oracle Product Support or contacting Oracle Support Services, go to the Oracle Support Services Web site:

14 Documentation Accessibility

Our goal is to make Oracle products, services, and supporting documentation accessible to all users, including users that are disabled. To that end, our documentation includes features that make information available to users of assistive technology. This documentation is available in HTML format, and contains markup to facilitate access by the disabled community. Accessibility standards will continue to evolve over time, and Oracle is actively engaged with other market-leading technology vendors to address technical obstacles so that our documentation can be accessible to all of our customers. For more information, visit the Oracle Accessibility Program Web site at http://www.oracle.com/accessibility/.

Accessibility of Code Examples in Documentation

Screen readers may not always correctly read the code examples in this document. The conventions for writing code require that closing braces should appear on an otherwise empty line; however, some screen readers may not always read a line of text that consists solely of a bracket or brace.

Accessibility of Links to External Web Sites in Documentation

This documentation may contain links to Web sites of other companies or organizations that Oracle does not own or control. Oracle neither evaluates nor makes any representations regarding the accessibility of these Web sites.

This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. Except as expressly permitted in your license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy, reproduce, translate, broadcast, modify, license, transmit, distribute, exhibit, perform, publish, or display any part, in any form, or by any means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of this software, unless required by law for interoperability, is prohibited.

The information contained herein is subject to change without notice and is not warranted to be error-free. If you find any errors, please report them to us in writing.

If this software or related documentation is delivered to the U.S. Government or anyone licensing it on behalf of the U.S. Government, the following notice is applicable:

U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS Programs, software, databases, and related documentation and technical data delivered to U.S. Government customers are "commercial computer software" or "commercial technical data" pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, the use, duplication, disclosure, modification, and adaptation shall be subject to the restrictions and license terms set forth in the applicable Government contract, and, to the extent applicable by the terms of the Government contract, the additional rights set forth in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software License (December 2007). Oracle USA, Inc., 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065.

This software is developed for general use in a variety of information management applications. It is not developed or intended for use in any inherently dangerous applications, including applications which may create a risk of personal injury. If you use this software in dangerous applications, then you shall be responsible to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup, redundancy, and other measures to ensure the safe use of this software. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates disclaim any liability for any damages caused by use of this software in dangerous applications.

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This software and documentation may provide access to or information on content, products, and services from third parties. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates are not responsible for and expressly disclaim all warranties of any kind with respect to third-party content, products, and services. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates will not be responsible for any loss, costs, or damages incurred due to your access to or use of third-party content, products, or services.

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