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Benign Essential Tremor

Definition

Benign essential tremor (ET) is a movement disorder most commonly noticed by shaking in the hands. It occurs in about 5% of older adults. It may also cause shaking of the head, voice, arms, and trunk. It occurs less often in the legs and feet. Two types of tremor are common with ET:

Postural tremor—shaking in certain positions only, such as with arms outstretched

Kinetic or action tremor—shaking that gets worse during activities, such as eating or shaving

ET can be socially isolating in some cases. It may interfere with normal daily activities such as writing or speaking.

Causes

For some people, ET is caused by a genetic mutation. For others, the cause is not clear.

Risk Factors

Family history of tremors is the only known risk factor for ET. The condition may occur at any age. It is more likely to occur in teens and people older than 50 years old.

Symptoms

ET is generally not serious, but its severity may vary and worsen over time. Symptoms may include:

Tremor that occurs when standing or moving the limbs, but not usually at rest

Uncontrollable, rhythmic movement

Shaking most common in hands, arms, head, or voice

Shaking only in certain positions or during activity

Trouble with fine motor skills such as drawing, sewing, or playing an instrument

Problems with social, functional, or job-related abilities in more severe cases

Tremors must not be related to other health conditions in order for someone to have the ET diagnosis.

Diagnosis

You will be asked about your symptoms and your medical and family history. A physical exam will be done. Attention will be paid to the central nervous system. There are no special tests to diagnose ET.

Treatment

Most people with ET do not require treatment. Mild tremors may be relieved or even eliminated by simple measures, including:

Staying well-rested

Avoiding caffeine

Avoiding stimulants often found in over-the-counter medications, like cold remedies

Prevention

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.