There's a Hepatic "H" on inferior of liver. One vertical stick of the H is the dividing line for anatomical right/left lobe and the other vertical stick is the divider for vascular halves. Stick that divides the liver into vascular halves is the one with vena cava impression (since vena cava carries blood, it's fortunate that it's the divider for blood halves).
Knowledge Level 5, System: Alimentary Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Meckel's diverticulum details

Hi Yield [ID 72]

2 inches long. 2 feet from end of ileum. 2 times more common in men. 2% occurrence in population. 2 types of tissues may be present. Note: "di-" means "two", so diverticulum is the thing with all the twos.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Alimentary Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Murphy's point organ [for Irish]

[ID 61]

"Murphy was an Irishman (and Murphy is a classic Irish surname), and Ireland=green": Green organ in body is gallbladder, so Murphy's point is the gall bladder.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Alimentary Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Aorta vs. vena cava: right vs. left

Hi Yield [ID 2516]

Aorta and right each have 5 letters, so aorta is on the right. Vena and cava and left each have 4 letters, so vena cava is on the left.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"TRI berore you BI": Tricuspid valve is located in left heart and Bicuspid valve is located in right heart. Blood flows through the tricuspid before bicuspid.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular Chris Gilbreth Cleveland Chiropractic College, Kansas City

O TOM CAT: O TOM are lateral wall components, in order from superior to inferior. CA are the components within the sinus, from medial to lateral. CA ends at the level of T from O TOM. See diagram. Occulomotor nerve (III) Trochlear nerve (IV) Ophthalmic nerve (V1) Maxillary nerve (V2) Carotid artery Abducent nerve (VI) T: When written, connects to the T of OTOM.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Cardiovascular Jonathan Vafai New York University School of Medicine

"VC goes with VC": The Venosum and Caudate is on same side as Vena Cava [posterior]. Therefore, quadrate and teres must be on anterior by default. See inferior-view diagram.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Cardiovascular Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Lung lobe numbers: right vs. left

Hi Yield [ID 79]

Tricuspid heart valve and tri-lobed lung both on the right side. Bicuspid and bi-lobed lung both on the left side.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"MAGdelaine has varicose veins" [The saphenous veins are important for varicose veins]: Medial maleolus, Anterior to maleolus, and Great saphenous go together. Then the opposites of these go together: Small saphenous is posterior to the lateral maleolus.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Cardiovascular Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Thyroid looks like a bra (see picture). Breasts are bigger in women, so thyroid bigger in women. Pregnant women have biggest breasts of all, so they have the biggest thyroids.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Endocrine Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

L-1 goes through hilum of only 1 kidney, and it’s the Left one.
Knowledge Level 8, System: Kidney/Urine Anonymous Contributor

Ureter to ovarian/testicular artery relation

[ID 56]

"Water under the bridge": The ureters (which carry water), are posterior to the ovarian/testicular artery. Clinically important, since a common surgical error is to cut ureter instead of ovarian artery when removing uterus.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Kidney/Urine Anonymous Contributor

Know drains all of lower body, but was it the right or the left part of the upper body? Answer: its Lymph from the Left of the upper body.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Lymphoid Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

There are five, like five digits of your hand. Place your thumb into your palm, then lay that hand palm down on your other arm, as shown in diagram. Your 4 fingers now show distribution: spells PFPF [pass/fail, pass/fail]: Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Your thumb below your 4 fingers shows the muscle which is deep to the other four: Flexor digitorum superficialis.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"You walk shorter to a street corner. You ride longer on a superhighway.": Short head originates from coracoid process. Long head originates from the supraglenoid cavity.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle Rommel L. de los Reyes College of Physical Therapy - Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila (University of the City of Manila)

Bicipital groove: attachments of muscles near it

[ID 27]

"The lady between two majors": Teres major attaches to medial lip of groove. Pectoralis major to lateral lip of groove. Latissimus (Lady) is on floor of groove, between the 2 majors.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle Sandeep

Brachioradialis: function, innervation, one relation, one attachment

[ID 92]

BrachioRadialis: Function: Its the Beer Raising muscle, flexes elbow, strongest when wrist is oriented like holding a beer. Innervation: Breaks Rule: it’s a flexor muscle, But Radial. (Radial nerve usually is for extensors: Recall BEST rule: B was for brachioradialis). Important relation: Behind it is the Radial nerve in the cubital fossa. Attachment: Attaches to Bottom of Radius.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Muscle Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Spinalis is on the spine (most medial). Iliocostalis is on the ribs (most lateral). And it's a Long (Longissimus) way between the spine and the ribs!
Knowledge Level 5, System: Muscle Nikki Stamp Student, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Australia

Extensor expansion location in the hand

[ID 93]

The eXtensor eXpansion is on the proXimal phalynX.
Knowledge Level 6, System: Muscle Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"Drop into a DEeP PIT and shuffle your way out": Foot Drop results from Dorsiflexors and Evertors paralysis, due to common Peroneal nerve lesion. Plantarflexion and Inversion impairment due to Tibial nerve lesion, results in a shuffling gait.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle Monica Therese Cating University of the Philippines College of Medicine

Lumbricals action

[ID 5]

Lumbrical action is to hold a pea, that is to flex the metacarpophalangeal joint and extend the interphalangeal joints. When look at hand in this position, can see this makes an "L" shape, since L is for Lumbrical.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Muscle Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"Hands in your pockets": When put hands in your pockets, fingers now lie on top of external obliques and fingers point their direction of fibers: down and towards midline. Note: "oblique" tells that must be going at an angle. Internal obliques are at right angles to external.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle Anonymous Contributor

The two Semi's go together, Semimembranosus and Semitendonosus. The Membranosus is Medial and since the two semis go together, Semitendonosus is also medial. Therefore, Biceps Femoris has to be lateral. Of the semi's, to remember which one is superficial: the Tendonosus is on Top.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle Anonymous Contributor

"Look at how your jaw ends up when saying first syllable of 'Lateral' or 'Medial' ": "La": your jaw is now open, so Lateral opens mouth. "Me": your jaw is still closed, so medial closes the mandible.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Muscle Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Rotator cuff muscles

Hi Yield [ID 35]

"The SITS muscles": Clockwise from top: S upraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor S ubscapularis A pro baseball pitcher has injured his rotator cuff muscles. As a result, he SITS out for the rest of the game, and then gets sent to the minor leagues.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Muscle Anne Conlin and Robert O'Connor University of Western Ontario Medical School, London, Canada and University College Dublin

"Stand on your Soles. Explosive gas": You stand on soles of your shoes, so Soleus is for posture. Gasoline is explosive, so Gastrocnemius is for explosive movement.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Muscle Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Supination vs. pronation

[ID 2346]

"SOUPination": Supination is to turn your arm palm up, as if you are holding a bowl of soup. "POUR-nation": Pronation is to turn your arm with the palm down, as if you are pouring out whatever is your bowl. Alternatively, Pronation donation: Pronation is palm facing downward, as if making a donation.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle LCK and Anonymous Contributor University of Ottawa and Not Specified

Supination vs. pronation: which is more powerful

[ID 121]

Screws were designed to be tightened well by majority of people. "Righty tighty": to tighten screws you turn to the right. Majority of people are right-handed. Turning right-hand to the right is supination.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Muscle Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"GLAST": 4 compass points: clockwise from north on the right side of neck: Great auricular Lesser occipital Accessory nerve pops out between L and S S upraclavicular Transverse cervical See diagram.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Stick arm out like crucifixion stance. Curl your thumb and forefinger into an "OK" symbol while keeping your other fingers straight. Your hand should now look like a 6 shape. So C6 dermatome is your thumb and top of arm (reason for crucifix stance). See diagram.
Knowledge Level 5, System: Nervous Anonymous Contributor

Take a Hammer: Malleus Hit an Indian Elephant: Incus It puts its foot in a stirrup: Stapes Describes the shape, and relative position (from out to in) of the inner ear bones. Alternatively: "Mailing Includes Stamps".
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous Robert Lueken and Frank Hopkins Eastern Virginia Medical School

"ObliqLiques cause lateral rotation of eyeball": Obliques cause lateral, all other rectii are medial rotators of the eyeball. Action of the obliques is opposite to their names. Action of the rectii is rightly fitting to their names. Both superiors cause intorsion and both inferiors cause extorsion.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Nervous Varsha RMC, Loni, India

The Lingual nerve Took a curve Around the Hyoglossus. "Well I'll be f*#ked!" Said Wharton's Duct, "The bastard's gone and crossed us!"
Knowledge Level 6, System: Nervous Sam Hinton University of California, San Diego

Each supply 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus. Each supplies 2 lumbricals. Each has a palmar cutaneous nerve that pops off prematurely. Each supplies an eminence group of muscles [ulnar: hypothenar. median: thenar]. Each enters forearm through two heads [ulnar: heads of flexor carpi ulnaris. median: heads of pronator teres]. Each has no branches in upper arm. Each makes two fingers claw when cut at wrist. Each supplies a palmaris [median: palmaris longus. ulnar: palmaris brevis].
Knowledge Level 6, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

The Median nerve is the Middle of a giant capital "M" formed by the musculocutaneous and ulnar nerves.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Palmaris longus: location, relative to wrist nerves

[ID 125]

"The Palmaris between two Palmars": Palmaris longus is between the Palmar cutaneous branch of Ulnar nerve and Palmar cutaneous branch of Median nerve.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Vagus nerve, unlike phrenic, continues through diaphragm with esophagus--it is "Not Left Behind": The left vagus is anterior, right is posterior [behind].
Knowledge Level 4, System: Nervous Anonymous Contributor University of Arizona College of Medicine

Coronal: A classic painting/stained glass window of a saint/angel has a corona radiating around the person's head. The plane of the glass/page is cutting their head in the coronal plane. Horizontal: Someone coming over the horizon has their abdomen cut in the horizontal plane. Sagittal: the remaining one by default.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Little INtroVERted boys roll their feet in when talking to girls. Also, can just watch which way the sole of the foot goes: does it face in or out? See diagram.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Other/Miscellaneous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Know SUPination is your hand while carrying a bowl of SOUP. Your face follows where your palm is facing [i.e. up]. Put a handpuppet on your hand while hand is in supination and the puppet will be the supine position. See diagram.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"Right on Red": Many places allow making a right hand turn at a red light, if you first come to a complete stop. A child swallowing a red penny is more likely to get it stopped down the right bronchus, since it is more vertical.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Pulmonary Lior Greenberg Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel

Bronchi: which one is more vertical

Hi Yield [ID 12]

"Inhale a bite, goes down the right": Inhaled objects more likely to lodge in right bronchus, since it is the one that is more vertical.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Pulmonary Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Lingula is on Left. The lingula is like an atrophied lobe, so the left lung must have 2 "other" lobes, and therefore right lung has 3 lobes.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Pulmonary Teresa Myers Student, UNC

"All the even ribs, in order: 2,4,6,8,10,12 show its route": Rib2: sharp angle inferiorly Rib4: the left pleura does a lateral shift to accommodate heart Rib6: both diverge laterally Rib8: midclavicular line Rib10: midaxillary line Rib12: the back See diagram.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Pulmonary Anonymous Contributor

"Anteflexed and Anteverted both bend toward Anterior". The "V" words go together: Verted is for the cerVix (therefore flexed must be uterus).
Knowledge Level 4, System: Reproductive Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"The boat sailed to the moon with 3 pEas in a rOw, at the wheel was Captain Hook": Carpal bones in order of occurrence: Boat is scaphoid. Moon is lunate. 3 is triquetrum. Peas is pisiform (stressing the E sound for trapezium). Row is trapezoid (stressing the O for trapezOid). Captain is capitate. Hook is hamate (hamate has the hook).
Knowledge Level 1, System: Skeletal Caoimhín P. Connell Industrial Hygienist

Since there's two T's in carpal bone mnemonic sentences, need to know which T is where: TrapeziUM is by the thUMB, TrapeziOID is inSIDE. Alternatively, TrapeziUM is by the thUMB, TrapezOID is by its SIDE.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Skeletal Tom Ball Imperial College, UK

"Hitting the brake pedal before the accident": You are sitting, so hip is flexed, and adducted and medially rotated so can move your foot away from the gas pedal over to the brake pedal. Note: car accidents are most likely cause of posterior dislocation because in this position.
Knowledge Level 8, System: Skeletal Anonymous Contributor

Hyoid bone: muscle attachments

[ID 352]

"Christ, He Didn't S crew Girls Much. That's Obvious, S tupid": The first sentence is for 6 muscles attaching superiorly, the second sentence is for 3 muscles attaching inferiorly. Both sentences are in order from lateral to medial: Constricter (middle) Hyoglossus Digastric S tylohyoid Geniohyoid Myloyoid Thyrohyoid Omohyoid

"SC": In medial line, below S econd Cervical, joints are S econdary Cartilaginous and usually have a diSC. Notes: secondary cartilaginous is also known as symphysis. The one that doesn't have a disc is xiphi-sternal.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Skeletal Anonymous Contributor

"Navicular is like the Navigator logo": There are 3 things coming off each. See diagram. Therefore, cuboid has to contact 2 of the 5.
Knowledge Level 6, System: Skeletal Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Examine vertebral body shape: Thoracic is heart-shaped body since your heart is in your thorax. Lumbar is kidney-bean shaped since kidneys are in lumbar area. See diagram.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Skeletal Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Make a fist with your thumb up in the air and say "Rad!". Your thumb is now pointing to your Radius. Note: 'Rad!' was a late 80's catchphrase, short for 'Radical'. Things that were good were called 'Rad'.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Skeletal Patrick Esperanzate University College Dublin

ANESTHESIOLOGY
Xylocaine: where not to use with epinephrine
Hi Yield [ID 1404]

"Nose, Hose, Fingers and Toes" Vasoconstrictive effects of xylocaine with epinephrine are helpful in providing hemostasis while suturing. However, may cause local ischemic necrosis in distal structures such as the digits, tip of nose, penis, ears.
Knowledge Level 5, System: Integumental Robert Lueken Eastern Virginia Medical School

"Crazy Glue": Strongest bonds are between Cytosine and Guanine, strong like Crazy Glue (3 H-bonds), whereas the A=T only have 2 H-bonds. This is relevant to DNA replication, as the weaker A=T will be the site where RNA primer makes the initial break.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Other/Miscellaneous Lior Greenberg Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel

"Competition is hard because we have to travel more kilometers (Km) with the same velocity": With competitive inhibitors, velocity remains same but Km increases
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous Dr. Waqas H. Sheikh BVI Co.

Na/K pump: concentrations of Na vs. K on inside/outside of cell, pump action, number of molecules moved

Hi Yield [ID 160]

HIKIN': There is a HIgh K concentration INside the cell. From this can deduce that the Na/K pump pumps K into cell and Na out of cell. Alternatively: When I was learning this pump (circa 1992), a band that was "in" was Kris Kross, and a band that was "out" was "Sha Na Na Na": So pump moves K K (2 K) in and Na Na Na (3 Na) out. Sadly, as infectious as their debut album was, Kris Kross can really no longer be classed as "in".
Knowledge Level 2, System: Other/Miscellaneous Anonymous Contributor

Na+/K+ pump: movement of ions and quantity

Hi Yield [ID 2529]

K+ and in each consist of 2 characters, so so 2 K+ are pumped in. Na+ and out each consist of 3 characters, so 3 Na+ are pumped out.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous Anonymous Contributor

Nitric oxide: amino acid precursor

[ID 2050]

When the dentist works on your teeth, you say, "AAArg! (Arginine)" before he administers Nitric Oxide (NO) to take the pain away. Other players necessary for NO synthesis: NO synthase, Ca++, NADPH.
Knowledge Level 5, System: Other/Miscellaneous Christian Garaycochea Medical student

"Tangierene tonsils": Hallmark is large orange tonsils. Important clinical note: there is no increased risk of atherosclerosis, just like eating tangerenes.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Other/Miscellaneous Anonymous Contributor

tRNA: molecular shape

[ID 142]

Fortunately, tRNA (Transfer RNA) is shaped like a capital T. See diagram.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Meta: the two sticks representing functional groups make a capital letter M with the ring. Otho: can close the top of the functional groups and make a boxy capital letter O. See diagram. Remaining one must therefore be para.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"Oh My Penis!": Putting R at top and moving around the ring: Ortho Meta Para Penis is the one pointing down, like the penis of a man pointing downwards.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous Ricky Lee

"Zame Zide. Epposite.": Z is the 2 functional groups on the same side of double bond. E is for opposite sides.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous Anonymous Contributor

Cis/trans (geometric) isomer nomenclature

[ID 1148]

The letter "Z" is written in a zigzag way. If you draw a vertical line splitting it down the middle then its the same halves (same sides of double bond). The letter "E" is written differently so a vertical line splits it into different halves (different sides of double bond).
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous Peter J. Kos

Cis/trans (geometric) isomers: arrangement of functional groups

Hi Yield [ID 2440]

Cis starts with a C and the functional groups form a C. Trans, therefore is the other one by default.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous Spencer Oates

"One has None. Two Accumulates": Type I: have no pigment. Type II: No pigment at birth, but accumulates as person ages.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Integumental Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"Vascu is new. Angi is pre": Vasculogenesis is new vessels developing in situ from existing mesenchyme. Angiogenesis is vessels develop from sprouting off pre-existing arteries.
Knowledge Level 8, System: Cardiovascular Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

O NAVEL: Oxygen Naloxone Atropine Ventolin (albuterol) Epinephrine Lidocaine If you can't get IV access established, and have necessity to administer resuscitative meds, remember you have the airway and can give the above drugs. Drug delivery is enhanced if diluted with 10cc NS and rapid introduced for aeresolization. Alternatively, bare bone version is ALE, as above.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Cardiovascular Robert Lueken and Marc Eastern Virginia Medical School

"How I want a drink, alcoholic of course, after the heavy chapters involving quantum mechanics. One is, yes, adequate even enough to produce some fun and pleasure for an instant, miserably brief": The number of letters in each subsequent word of these two sentences give the value of pi to 3.141592653589793238462643383279 Alternatively: If only want first 6 decimal places, use the sentence "How I wish I could calculate Pi! "
Knowledge Level 8, System: Other/Miscellaneous Anonymous Contributor

Poisson distribution formula

[ID 188]

MNEMONIc: M to the Nth power times E to the Minus nth Over N factorial Formula is: ((m^n) * (e^-n) ) / n! Note: the factorial (!) at the end is an inverted lowercase letter i.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Other/Miscellaneous Anonymous Contributor

DNA mismatch causes a bubble in the strand where the two nucleotides don't match. This looks like the ensuing polyps that arise in the colon. See diagram.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Alimentary Anonymous Contributor

"Pray to an Angel": Prader-Willi and Angelman are the 2 classic imprinting diseases. Which disease results, depends on whether 15q deletion is maternal or paternal. Keep them straight by: Paternal is Prader-Willi. See diagram for cardinal symptom of each disease.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Other/Miscellaneous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Gender: The cIRcle is a gIRl [so boys are squares]. Affected: Black plague was a disease, so black-filled symbol means an affected/diseased person [so nonfilled-in is unaffected].
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Cross sectional shape of the top of the bud tells their distribution. Vallate: has a shallow 'V' at the top, so has a 'V' distribution at the back of the tongue. Fungiform: top is round so it is towards the round end of the tongue. See diagram. Note vallate is also sometimes called circumvallate.
Knowledge Level 6, System: Alimentary Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

A cells are indented around the capital A. B cells have a round nucleus like a B lymphocyte. See diagram. D cells have Different shapes and sizes.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Endocrine Anonymous Contributor

1: There's up to 5 lobes of the nucleus joined by thin appendages. Tie this to it being a neutrophil nucleus by arranging the 5 lobes into a capital N for Neutrophil. 2: the chicken leg (Barr Body) sticking out. Say it out loud: chick-N. The chick-N leg is for Neutrophil.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Lymphoid Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Nuclei location mirrors where the muscle is located in human body. Heart muscle is in the middle of body, so heart muscle has nucleus in middle. Skeletal muscles are at periphery of body, so nuclei are at periphery. Also, you have 1 heart, so usually only 1 nucleus per heart muscle cell, but have many skeletal muscles, so have many nuclei per long fibre. See diagram.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"Zee Intelligent Animal Has Muscle": From the Z disk, working inward, remembering symmetry: Z I A H M H A I Z. Alternatively: "Zoe Is A Horny Momma".
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle Jeremy Smith and Josh Kunken GSU Undergrad and University of California, Berkeley

Muscle sarcomere: A vs. I as light or dark

[ID 50]

There is only one vowel in "dark" and one vowel in "light". These one vowels match up to their one letter names: DArk band is the A band. LIght band is the I band.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Muscle Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Muscle sarcomere: H line vs. Z disc location

[ID 107]

HAZI (Hazy): H line is in A-band. Z disc is in the I band.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Muscle Sujay Patel University College Dublin

Cochlea chambers: ones with perilymph vs. endolymph

[ID 51]

PerI- ones also end with 'I': vestibulI and tympanI. Therefore, perilymph is in scala vestibuli and scala tympani, and the endolymph is in the scala media.
Knowledge Level 6, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Immunoglobulin (Ig) types: the important ones worth remembering, in order of appearance

Hi Yield [ID 106]

MAGDElaine (a girl's name): IgM IgA IgG IgD IgE Magdelaine tells you the order they usually appear: M first, then A or G. Alternatively: IgM is IMmediate.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Lymphoid Magdelaine Deeby and Anonymous Contributor University College Dublin and University of Aberdeen

Immunoglobulins, and order B cells present them

Hi Yield [ID 2131]

MADGE (character from the old dishwashing liquid commercial): IgM IgA IgD IgG IgE Order of presentation by B cells (which is made first, IgD or IgM?) B cells present IgM primarily, and then IgD. Just remember why all of us are going through this pain...to become M.D's. For a B cell to be competent, it must get its MD. Finally, by the same rule, B cells must first release M then G immunoglobulin on primary exposure.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Lymphoid Tevis Anthony Verrett Creighton University School of Medicine

3 and 4 are key in in haematology: 1.34 cm3 of oxygen is carried by a gram of hemoglobin. There's 3.4mg of iron in each gram of hemoglobin. There's an average of 3.4 lobes per neutrophil. There's 34mg bilirubin from each gram of hemoglobin.
Knowledge Level 5, System: Cardiovascular Anonymous Contributor

"All Patients Take Meds": Reading from top left: Aortic Pulmonary Tricuspid Mitral See diagram. Alternatively: All Prostitutes Take Money. Alternatively: APe To Man.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular Anonymous Contributor and Raarsi and Dana M. Not specified and University of Birmingham Medical School and MCC Michigan

You look OUt with Both eyes. Take the Right dose so you won't OD [overdose]. The only one that is Left is OS. Both eyes=OU, Right eye=OD, Left eye=OS.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Nervous Deborah Belty, RN, MS Tulsa Community College

OPQRSTU: Onset of pain (time, duration) Palliative factors for pain Quality of pain (throbbing, stabbing, dull, etc.) Region of body affected S everity of pain (usually scale of 1-10) Timing of pain (after exercise, in evening, etc.) U: How does it affect 'U' in your daily life? May wish to expand to OPPQRRSTTUVW, with the extra letters representing: Provocative factors Radiation (how does pain spread) Treatments tried Deja Vu: Has this happened before? Worry: What do you think or fear that it is?
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous Midnight Medic and Robert Lueken and Michael Waddell Paramedic in Texas and Eastern Virginia Medical School and University of Wisconsin Medical School

"Healthy SEEDS": S ubstances (alcohol, tobacco, IV drugs?) Environment (hazards at home or work? feel safe?) Exercise (what do you do? how often do you do it?) Diet (any special diet?) S ex (active with m/f/both? >1 partner? safe sex? STD history? difficulty with arousal or orgasm? history of abuse?) I find this order works well: patients most expect to be asked about alcohol and they least want to talk about their STD history, but taking a solid HRB history first reassures them that it's all part of good medical care.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Other/Miscellaneous Patrick Lee UCSF Medical School

SOAP: S ubjective: what the patient says. Objective: what the examiner observes. Assessment: what the examiner thinks is going on. Plan: what they intend to do about it.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous Richard Rathe, MD University of Florida

"Difficult to be in a Closet with someone having explosive foul smelling diarrhea, because it would smell and there would be no air in there. Clostridium Difficile causes explosive foul smelling diarrhea and is an anaeorbe (no air).
Knowledge Level 2, System: Alimentary Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Firstly, "PROTeus hates PROTons": So what does it do to fight the protons? It has a urease that raises the pH. Urea is in urine, so Proteus causes UTIs.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Kidney/Urine James Meltzer MSII, Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Pseudomonas details

Hi Yield [ID 363]

See diagram of patient. Patient: bug commonly infects nosocomial. Oxygen tank: oxidase positive. IV bag: has glucose and lactose, so its OK to give because its a nonlactose fermenter. Why giving oxygen? Because it commonly caused pneumonia. IV in the arm: supposed to signify sepsis. The foley: UTI. Burn on his foot: can infect burns.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Kidney/Urine Anonymous Contributor

Cat reservoir: a cat. Bug name is Gondii: cat has a Gandi head. Cat fecal origin: cat is in the litter box. Causes brain infection, diagnosed by CAT scan: a "CAT" scan of Gandi's brain. Toxic to eyes: Gandi has cat eyes. Lymph nodes enlarged: large nodes around neck. Affects fetus: small kitten in womb. AIDS patient commonly: cat is very skinny, like an AIDS patient. See diagram.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

3AM: 3rd nerve palsy Anti-muscarinic eye drops (eg to facilitate fundoscopy) Myotonic pupil (Holmes Adie pupil): most commonly in young women, with absent/delayed reaction to light and convergence, and of no pathological significance.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous Gajan Rajeswaran Final Year Medical Student, Imperial College School Of Medicine, London

Look at the math signs around the two parts of the name: A-R. The A has no sign in front, which in math means +A (+ Accommodate). There is a subtract sign in front of the R (- React). Therefore, pupil can accommodate, but can't react.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Argyll-Robertson Pupil features

Hi Yield [ID 326]

Argyll Robertson Pupil (ARP) Read it from front to back: it is ARP, standing for Accomodation Reflex Present. Read it from back to front: it is PRA, standing for Pupillary Reflex Absent.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous Anonymous Contributor

Argyll-Robertson Pupil features

Hi Yield [ID 410]

Argyll Robertson Pupil is like a prostitute. She/he will accomodate, but will not react. Pupil still accomodates, but doesn't react to light. Pupil is a common sign in syphilis, which is often carried by prostitutes.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous Anonymous Contributor

"Broca": your speech machinery is Broken. Broca is wanting to speak, but articulation doesn't work, and very slow. "Wer-nick": "were" and "nick" are both words of English language, but together they are nonsensical. Wernick is having good articulation, but saying words that don't make sense together.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"My friend DAVE got kicked in the behind and screamed": Dorsal/Afferent component is the sensation of pain coming from the rear. Ventral/Efferent component is the motor action of screaming (which is done at front of body).
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous Anonymous Contributor

When you Glue two things together, you add (+) those things together, therefore Glu is the excitatory one (+). GABA is therefore the negative one.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Just an extension of the rule that anterior = ventral = efferent = motor. The precentral gyrus is on the anterior side of the brain, so is therefore motor.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Purkinje cells in cerebellum are inhibitory to deep nuclei

[ID 309]

Shape of a purkinje cell in 3 dimensions is same as a policeman's hand saying "Stop". Therefore, purkinje cells are inhibitory. See diagram.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

A limousine: The motor of limo is ventral and anterior on the car. The Aerial is sensory and on the dorsal and posterior of the limo. Note 1: 'A' is Afferent, and also, in a limo, the aerial on the top of the trunk has a capital 'A' shape. Note 2: An aerial is a sensory thing: picks up radio waves. Note 3: If picked a limo up in your hand, can only see motor on ventral, since dorsal is covered by the hood/bonnet.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Gracilus is the name of a muscle in the legs, so Fasciculus Gracilus is for the lower limbs. By default, Fasciculus Cuneatus must be for upper limbs.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Nervous Jason Galarneau Flinders University

Spinal tracts: simplified geography

Hi Yield [ID 265]

2 posterior: cross at the medulla. 2 lateral: ipsilateral (same side). 2 anterior: cross at the spinal level. See diagram. Note 1: Descending tracts on left of figure, ascending tracts on right. Note 2: For ipsilaterals: one never crosses, one crosses at the level then doubles back farther up. The ipsilateral that crosses at the level (ventral spinocerebellar) is the ipsilateral closest to the 2 anterior ones, which also cross at the level. Tract names in each group: Posterior 2: lateral corticalspinal, dorsal columns. Lateral 2: dorsal spinocerebellar, ventral spinocerebellar. Anterior 2: ventral corticospinal, spinothalamic.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Temporal lobe: location of high vs. low frequency recognition

[ID 15]

The bass clef looks like an ear. Therefore, the bass clef [low frequency] is closer to the ear, and the treble clef [high frequency] is more medial. See diagram.
Knowledge Level 8, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Thirst/water balance control centre: location in hypothalamus

[ID 611]

"You look up (supra...optic) at the clouds, to check if it's going to rain (water)": Therefore, water balance is in supraoptic nucleus.
Knowledge Level 6, System: Nervous Zeiad Fakhouri

4 is the normal pH of the vagina. 40 weeks is the normal gestation period. 400 oocytes released between menarche and menopause. 400,000 oocytes present at puberty. 28 days in a normal menstrual cycle. 280 days (from last normal menstrual period) in a normal gestation period.
Knowledge Level 5, System: Reproductive Anonymous Contributor

"To Peace And Love": T: of Term pregnancies P: of Premature births A: of Abortions (spontaneous or elective) L: of Live births Describes the outcomes of the total number of pregnancies (Gravida).
Knowledge Level 1, System: Reproductive Megan Duffy Medical student, AZCOM

SHAZAM: S moking Hypercalcemia Aspirin Zollinger-Ellison Acidity MEN type I These may work with H. pylori to promote ulceration, or may act alone.
Knowledge Level 5, System: Alimentary Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

See figure. Pick axes are Picking away at the old woman's cerebral cortex, causing cortical atrophy. 2 pick axes on her brain: frontal lobe and anterior 1/3 of temporal. An old woman, since epidemiology is elderly & more common in women.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Each subtype has 2 or 3 causes, plus something 1 or 2 more items. MEN I is disease of 3 P's: [Pituitary, Parathyroid, Pancreas] plus one more: adrenal cortex. MEN II is disease of 2 C's: [Carcinoma of thyroid, Catacholamines (pheochromocytoma)] plus two more: parathyroid for MEN IIa or mucocutaneous neuromas for MEN IIB (also called MEN III).
Knowledge Level 3, System: Endocrine Anonymous Contributor

"Please Feel My A$$": In order of most frequent to least frequent, and in order from least aggressive to most aggressive: Papillary carcinoma Follicular carcinoma Medullary thyroid carcinoma Anaplastic carcinoma
Knowledge Level 4, System: Endocrine Medicine 2004 student University of Western Ontario

"Cigarettes Is Primary Problem": Types: Centrilobular Irregular Pancinar Paraseptal Most important feature for each type (in order as above): Cigarrettes Inflammation healed to scar Protease inhibitor deficiency (a1-antitrypsin) Pneumothorax "Cigarettes is primary problem" used since cigarettes is most common cause of emphysema. Keeping P's straight: Pan is antitrypsin.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Pulmonary Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"Horner has a MAP of the Coast": A panCoast tumor is a cancer of the lung apex that compresses the cervical sympathetic plexus, causing Horner's syndrome, which is MAP: Miosis Anhidrosis Ptosis
Knowledge Level 1, System: Pulmonary Derek Obayashi Chicago Medical School

Picture diabetic and asthmatic kids riding away on a cart that rolls on pinwheels. Pindolol and Carteolol have high and moderate ISA respectively, making them acceptable for use in some diabetics or asthmatics despite the fact that they are non-seletive beta blockers.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Cardiovascular David Shprecher Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine

Action: "Botulism Bottles up the Ach so it can't be the released": Related bungarotoxin: "Botulism is related to Beta Bungarotoxin (beta-, not alpha-bungarotoxin--alpha has different mechanism).
Knowledge Level 3, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Succinylcholine gets Stuck to Ach receptor, then Sucks ions in through open pore. You Suck stuff in through a mouth-tube, and drug is used for intubation.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Nervous Anonymous Contributor

Tricyclic antidepressants: members worth knowing

Hi Yield [ID 2236]

"I have to hide, the CIA is after me": Clomipramine Imipramine Amitrptyline If want the next 3 worth knowing, the DNDis also after me: Desipramine Norrtriptyline Doxepin
Knowledge Level 5, System: Nervous Dr. Enrique Cifuentes University Autonomus of Guadalajara

"Bleo-Mycin Blows My DNA to bits": Bleomycin works by fragmenting DNA (blowing it to bits). My DNA signals that its used for cancer (targeting self cells).
Knowledge Level 3, System: Other/Miscellaneous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Corners are at RA (right arm), LA (left arm), LL (left leg). Number of L's at a corner tell how many + signs are at that corner [eg LL is ++]. Sum of number of L's of any 2 corners tells the name of the lead [eg LL-LA is lead III]. For reference axes, the negative angle hemisphere is on the half of the triangle drawing that has all the negative signs; positive angle hemisphere contains only positive signs. See diagram.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Cardiovascular Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

TxA2 Aggregates platelets. PGI2 Inhibits aggregation. Note: full name of PGI2 is prostaglandin I2 or prostacyclin, full name of TxA2 is thromboxane A2.
Knowledge Level 3, System: Cardiovascular Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

When the skin needs to CONServe heat, the blood vessels of the skin CONStrict. When the skin is COld, the blood vessels of the skin COnstrict.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Integumental Rinku Uberoi Willsey Institute

Muscle spindle: origin of primary vs. secondary endings

[ID 112]

"1 from 1, 2 from 2": Primary ending is from Group Ia. Secondary ending from Group II. See diagram.
Knowledge Level 8, System: Muscle Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"Outer cells are Out of the brain. Inner cells are Into the brain": Outer hair cells are motor efferents to amplify signal. Inner hair cells are sensory afferents that actually pick up the sound.
Knowledge Level 5, System: Nervous Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

"WITHDraw IT": 3 of 7 within 12 month period: Withdrawal Interest or Important activities given up or reduced Tolerance Harm to physical and psychosocial known but continue to use Desire to cut down, control Intended time, amount exceeded Time spent too much
Knowledge Level 3, System: Nervous Anthony Chan

"The sad tale of Erikson Motors": The stages in order by age group: Mr. Trust and MsTrust had an auto they were ashamed of. She took the initiative to find the guilty party. She found the industry was inferior. They were making cars with dents [identity] and rolling fuses [role confusion]. Mr. N.T. Macy [intimacy] isolated the problem, General TVT absorbed the cost. In the end, they found the tires were just gritty and the should have used de- spare!
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous VTF SN, NHCC, Texas

"WW 2" (World War II): Water is White in a T2 scan. Conversely, a T1 scan shows fat as being whiter.
Knowledge Level 2, System: Other/Miscellaneous Jason Galarneau Flinders University School of Medicine, South Australia