2019-05-25T13:37:46ZAgroindustrial biomass for xylanase production by Penicillium chrysogenum: Purification, biochemical properties and hydrolysis of hemicelluloseshttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/179819
Agroindustrial biomass for xylanase production by Penicillium chrysogenum: Purification, biochemical properties and hydrolysis of hemicelluloses
Terrone, Cárol Cabral [UNESP]; Freitas, Caroline de [UNESP]; Terrasan, César Rafael Fanchini [UNESP]; Almeida, Alex Fernando de; Carmona, Eleonora Cano [UNESP]
Background: In this work, the xylanase production by Penicillium chrysogenum F-15 strain was investigated using agroindustrial biomass as substrate. The xylanase was purified, characterized and applied in hemicellulose hydrolysis. Results: The highest xylanase production was obtained when cultivation was carried out with sugar cane bagasse as carbon source, at pH 6.0 and 20°C, under static condition for 8 d. The enzyme was purified by a sequence of ion exchange and size exclusion chromatography, presenting final specific activity of 834.2 U·mg·prot-1. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme estimated by SDS-PAGE was 22.1 kDa. The optimum activity was at pH 6.5 and 45°C. The enzyme was stable at 40°C with half-life of 35 min, and in the pH range from 4.5 to 10.0. The activity was increased in the presence of Mg+2 and Mn+ 2 and reducing agents such as DTT and β-mercaptoethanol, but it was reduced by Cu+2 and Pb+2. The xylanase presented Km of 2.3 mM and Vmax of 731.8 U·mg·prot-1 with birchwood xylan as substrate. This xylanase presented differences in its properties when it was compared to the xylanases from other P. chrysogenum strains. Conclusion: The xylanase from P. chrysogenum F-15 showed lower enzymatic activity on commercial xylan than on hemicellulose from agroindustry biomass and its biochemistry characteristics, such as stability at 40°C and pH from 4.0 to 10.0, shows the potential of this enzyme for application in food, feed, pulp and paper industries and for bioethanol production. Terrone CC, Freitas C, Terrasan CRF, et al. Agroindustrial biomass for xylanase production by Penicillium chrysogenum: purification, biochemical properties and hydrolysis of hemicelluloses. Electron J Biotechnol 2018;33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2018.04.001.
2018-05-01T00:00:00ZDesenvolvimento e caracterização de lipossomas contendo ramnolipídio para a incorporação de ciclopaladados para o estudo frente a Leishamania amazonensishttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/179205
Desenvolvimento e caracterização de lipossomas contendo ramnolipídio para a incorporação de ciclopaladados para o estudo frente a Leishamania amazonensis
Dragalzew, Amanda Cutrim [UNESP]; Thomazella, Nathália Ariane [UNESP]; Sanches, Beatriz Cristina Pecoraro [UNESP]; de Godoy Netto, Adelino Vieira [UNESP]; Contiero, Jonas [UNESP]; Chorilli, Marlus [UNESP]; Da Silva, Patrícia Bento [UNESP]
2017-01-01T00:00:00ZBiodiesel and diesel blends phytotoxicity in soil biodegradationhttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/179010
Biodiesel and diesel blends phytotoxicity in soil biodegradation
Bidoia, Ederio Dino [UNESP]; Tamada, Ivo Shodji [UNESP]; Lopes, Paulo Renato Matos [UNESP]; Cruz, Jaqueline Matos [UNESP]; Montagnolli, Renato Nallin [UNESP]
Oil spills cause substantial damage to the environment. Accidents in the petroleum industry create huge public concern, requiring effective responses from governments and corporations. There are also chronic impacts involving petroleum hydrocarbons, such as leaks in storage tanks, although they do not stand out as much in public opinion. Thus, continuous and prolonged pollution provides high environmental persistence of these compounds in soil, surface, and groundwater. The massive energy consumption based on non-renewable fossil fuels has led to the search for new sustainable and less polluting sources. Therefore, a viable alternative diesel fuel is biodiesel, originated from renewable sources, either plant or animal. Conventional physical soil treatment comprises of contaminants separation mostly, without any chemical degradation or transformation. These processes have many limitations and high cost. Most hydrocarbons are usually absorbed within the soil matrix by lowering its efficiency removal and absorption. Biological processes, in turn, are promising decontamination technologies, especially by combining simplicity and cost-effectiveness. Hence, bioremediation emerges as the least aggressive and best-suited eco-friendly technology, among the alternatives. Due to increasing use of biodiesel and bioremediation as a treatment tool, this study aimed to evaluate the phyto-toxicity in soil contaminated by diesel, biodiesel, and mixtures during different times of degradation. Seeds of Eruca sativa (arugula) and Lactuca sativa (lettuce) were used to observe inhibition of germination and seedling development, evaluated by germination index. Toxicity bioassays using biodiesel as a contaminant of animal or vegetable origin showed increased toxicity in all organisms tested over time of biodegradation in soil. The study showed that although biodiesel is a renewable energy source with great ecological appeal, some major precaution must be taken. Even withfavorable results for their higher biodegradability, other parameters must be considered to make biodiesel safe and ecologically viable by monitoring their toxicity.
2015-01-01T00:00:00ZBiofertilizer application in soilhttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/178997
Biofertilizer application in soil
Quiterio, Gabriela Mercuri [UNESP]; Coneglian, Cassiana; Bidoia, Ederio Dino [UNESP]; Lopes, Paulo Renato Matos [UNESP]; Régo, Ana Paula Justiniano [UNESP]; Montagnolli, Renato Nallin [UNESP]; Cruz, Jaqueline Matos [UNESP]; Claro, Elis Marina Turini [UNESP]; Júnior, José Rubens Moraes [UNESP]; Mauro, Artur Blikstad [UNESP]
A strong demand for healthy food free of chemical residues from pesticides used in pest control, diseases and invasive plants exists in our modern society. In addition, there is a permanent concern about environmental contamination by such chemical residues. Hence proper handling of chemical substances have been prioritized. It is also preferable the usage of natural substances and/or molecules of higher specificity and lower environmental impact. An alternative and promising mechanism for increasing crop productivity is the use of biotechnological tools, especially the biological processes that occur in soil system/plant carried out by microorganisms, establishing the basis on which the agroecological system is based. In this context, biofertilizers arise as a sustainable alternative due to the lowest environmental impact and the cost-effective production values. The biofertilizer is a liquid organic fertilizer and is obtained from the organic compound dissolved in water, followed by fermentation or digestion by microorganisms. It is a rich organic compound mixture of nutrients and microbial biomass able to supply the soil biota with substrates, thus assisting in the metabolic activity of the local community. The process of obtaining the biofertilizer results in two phases: a solid that can be used as organic fertilizer in soil, and the liquid phase used as foliar fertilizer and pestcontrol. These organic fertilizers are bioactive compounds, terminal residues of fermentation of organic compounds, containing living or latent microorganism cells. Biofertilizers are produced in biodigesters by aerobic and/or anaerobic fermentation of organic matter and, therefore, its constitution is rich in enzymes, antibiotics, vitamins, toxins, phenols, esters and organic acids. Thus, due to the high concentration and diversity of nutrients in its composition, biofertilizers become an important tool in accelerating xenobiotic degradation of microbial processes in soil.
2015-01-01T00:00:00Z