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Heart Valve Disease

Dysfunction in one of the four heart valves—mitral, aortic, tricuspid, or pulmonary—leads to heart valve disease. Normally functioning valves ensure that blood flows in one direction. When dysfunction of the heart valves occurs, the valves may become narrow (valvular stenosis) or may leak (valvular regurgitation). This can lead to chronic heart problems including heart failure, shortness of breath and chest pain, or enlargement of the heart chambers.