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controversy existed, diminish the severity of any perceived controversy, and deal with those who felt maligned by citing past examples of good behavior. While the effectiveness of the actual arguments varied, it is clear...

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from wrongdoing. Similar passion would be likely in devotees of organizations who are also accused of wrongdoing.
Political campaigns and religious causes may be other arenas where proxy crisis defense may be useful....

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As was stated earlier the implications of this research demonstrate a possible advantage to organizations who capitalize on their supporters in crisis response. The organization, however, must have a devoted following in...

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American Indian organizations actively campaigned to get offensively stereotyped Native American themed mascots changed (NCAI Report, 2013). As recently as 2008, studies were conducted which were aimed at determining the...

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One can see the passion fans have for their beloved team by simply searching the term “Redskins” on Twitter.
Other groups are not as willing to allow justification and do not buy into Mr. Snyder’s retelling of the origin of...

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Organizations looking to meet their goals are looking for as many advantages as they can get. If there is evidence of agreement between the arguments made by Daniel Snyder and those made by fans in defense of the Redskins...

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Crises in the business, political, and advertising realms seem to affect a more isolated group or to affect different groups with varying degrees of severity. Seeger, Sellnow, and Ulmer (1998) define crisis in the corporate...

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organization and seeks their pardon. The organization also acknowledges full responsibility for the crisis (Coombs, 2006).
The three SCCT crisis response options provide classifications of strategies that organizations can...

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all Raiders fans act out this perceived role. Highly invested individuals continue to act out their identities as expression, performance, or communication in order to achieve social affirmation as well as individual...

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Americans would likely be the end of his career, as has been demonstrated by former Los Angeles Clippers owner Donald Sterling. To risk the ire of politicians who work in relatively close proximity to the team could also...

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not show preference for the science of reading as any more valid than other previous approaches,
(g) the level of work required for many of the courses did not reflect college-level expectations
or work. The council also felt that if proper...