Specifically, the EEOC claims that the applicant was interrogated during his interview about his religious practices and beliefs, including being asked to identify every church he has attended over the past several years; where and when he was “saved,” and the circumstances that led up to it; and asking whether he “would have a problem” coming into work early to attend bible study before clocking-in. The EEOC further claims that, throughout the interview, the employer expressed overt agitation and disapproval at the applicant’s responses to its religious line of questioning.

Ultimately, the employer informed the applicant that the majority of company employees are Southern Baptist, but that it wasn’t required that the applicant go to a Southern Baptist church — as long as he was a “born-again.” Still, the EEOC alleges that the applicant was passed over because of his religion (or lack thereof).

When can an employer use religion as a hiring consideration?

“Religious organizations” may choose to hire applicants of one particular religion over another. Under Title VII, a religious organization is one whose purpose and character are primarily religious, not primarily secular. Similarly, a “ministerial exception” bars Title VII claims by employees who serve in clergy roles.

A lighting-company exception, not so much.

Indeed, under Title VII, employers may not refuse to hire an applicant simply because he does not share the employer’s religious beliefs, and conversely may not select one applicant over another based on a preference for employees of a particular religion.

Therefore, if the lighting company here based its hiring decision on the applicant’s religion, it violated the law.

Is there any room for religion in the workplace?

The law recognizes that private employers can choose to express their own religious beliefs or practices in the workplace. Heck, an employer may hold religious services or programs or includes prayer in business meetings. However, Title VII requires that the employer accommodate an employee who asks to be excused for religious reasons, absent a showing of undue hardship. Similarly, an employer is required to excuse an employee from compulsory personal or professional development training that conflicts with the employee’s sincerely-held religious beliefs or practices, unless doing so would pose an undue hardship.

For more Questions and Answers on Religious Discrimination in the Workplace, check out this FAQ from the EEOC.