1. Open the form template.
2. On the Tools menu, click Form Options.
3. Click Property Promotion.
4. Do one of the following:

4a. To add a column, click Add, click the field or repeating group for which you want to create a column, and then type a name for the column in the Column name box.
Note If you select a repeating field to display data in the document library, you can define how you want to display the field in the document library by clicking a value in the Function list. You can choose whether to display the first value in the field, the last value in the field, or a count of all of the occurrences of the field or whether to merge all of the values together.

4b. To remove a column, click the column in the list, and then click Remove.

4c. To modify a column, click the column in the list, click Modify, and then make the appropriate changes.

Note: Some options for adding, removing, or modifying columns are available only when you publish to a SharePoint site.

Once your form is published to a desired document library, you will now need to add your infopath form fields as columns in your document library. This can be achieved by accessing the form / document library’s settings and adding the appropriate columns from the list of choices given.

If you can’t see your field, something has gone wrong with this process. Start again.

The last step in this doesn’t make sense to me. When you publish your form to a document library, it should create columns for all of the fields you promoted in steps 4a – 4c. I don’t see how you would complete the steps you mention in the second to the last paragraph.

I am running into a problem where the columns I promoted during the publishing process cannot be edited once they are in the document library in SharePoint. They are also not available to me when creating a workflow using SharePoint designer. It’s as if they don’t exit, even though I can see them in the document library, and they can store data.

there is a limitation to the number of certain types of fileds you can have in a sharepoint list. Example 72 number fields. This is due to things like “row wrapping” in sql. Technet tells you how many of each type of column you can have here: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc262787.aspx under the section “List and library limits”