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Abstract:

Methods, apparatus and systems for group paging of wireless devices are
described. A wireless device is associated with a member identifier (MID)
that is a unique identifier for the wireless device. The wireless device
is associated with a group identifier (GID) that is a unique identifier
for a group of which the wireless device is a member. The wireless device
is woken up from a sleep mode at a wake-up time based on the GID.

Claims:

1. A method of wireless communication, implemented at a wireless device,
comprising: associating the wireless device with a member identifier
(MID) that is a unique identifier for the wireless device; associating
the wireless device with a group identifier (GID) that is a unique
identifier for a group of which the wireless device is a member; and
waking up the wireless device from a sleep mode at a wake-up time based
on the GID.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: storing the MID and the GID
in a non-volatile memory at the wireless device.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving the MID and the
GID in an over-the-air service provisioning (OTASP) message.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: calculating the wake-up
time using a hash function.

5. A method of claim 1, further comprising: waking up the wireless device
from a sleep mode at another wake-up time based on the MID.

6. A wireless communication apparatus, comprising: means for associating
the wireless device with a member identifier (MID) that is a unique
identifier for the wireless device; means for associating the wireless
device with a group identifier (GID) that is a unique identifier for a
group of which the wireless device is a member; and means for waking up
the wireless device from a sleep mode at a wake-up time based on the GID.

7. A computer program product comprising a computer readable,
non-volatile medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions
comprising: code for associating the wireless device with a member
identifier (MID) that is a unique identifier for the wireless device;
code for associating the wireless device with a group identifier (GID)
that is a unique identifier for a group of which the wireless device is a
member; and code for waking up the wireless device from a sleep mode at a
wake-up time based on the GID.

8. A method of wireless communication: associating a first wireless
device with a first member identifier (MID) and a group identifier (GID);
receiving a paging request for the first wireless device; and
transmitting a first paging message to the first wireless device using
the GID associated with the first wireless device.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising: associating a second
wireless device with a second member identifier (MID) and the group
identifier (GID); and targeting the paging message to the second wireless
device using the GID.

10. A wireless communication apparatus, comprising: means for associating
a first wireless device with a first member identifier (MID) and a group
identifier (GID); means for receiving a paging request for the first
wireless device; and means for transmitting a first paging message to the
first wireless device using the GID associated with the first wireless
device.

11. A computer program product comprising a computer readable,
non-volatile medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions
comprising: code for associating a first wireless device with a first
member identifier (MID) and a group identifier (GID); code for receiving
a paging request for the first wireless device; and code for transmitting
a first paging message to the first wireless device using the GID
associated with the first wireless device.

12. A method for facilitating group paging in a wireless communication
network, comprising: receiving information binding a member identifier
(MID) for a wireless device with a group identifier (GID); storing the
binding information; receiving a location request for a device group; and
transmitting a location response using the stored binding information.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the transmitting the location
response includes transmitting the location response including a list of
base stations to be paged.

14. A wireless communication apparatus for facilitating group paging in a
wireless communication network, comprising: means for receiving
information binding a member identifier (MID) for a wireless device with
a group identifier (GID); means for storing the binding information;
means for receiving a location request for a device group; and means for
transmitting a location response using the stored binding information.

15. A computer program product comprising a computer readable,
non-volatile medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions
comprising: code for receiving information binding a member identifier
(MID) for a wireless device with a group identifier (GID); code for
storing the binding information; code for receiving a location request
for a device group; and code for transmitting a location response using
the stored binding information.

Description:

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the right of priority under 35 U.S.C.
§119(a) and the Paris Convention of International Patent Application
No. PCT/CN2011/077268, filed Jul. 18, 2011. The entire content of the
before-mentioned patent application is incorporated by reference as part
of the disclosure of this application.

BACKGROUND

[0002] This document relates to wireless communications.

[0003] Wireless communication systems can include a network of one or more
base stations to communicate with one or more wireless devices such as a
mobile device, cell phone, wireless air card, mobile station (MS), user
equipment (UE), access terminal (AT), or subscriber station (SS). A base
station can emit radio signals that carry data such as voice data and
other service payload content to wireless devices. A base stations can be
referred to as an access point (AP), access network (AN) or eNodeB, or
can be included as part of an access network. Further, a wireless
communication system can include one or more core networks to connect and
control one or more base stations.

[0004] A wireless device can use one or more different wireless
technologies for communications. Various wireless technologies examples
include Code division Multiple Access (CDMA) such as CDMA2000 1x and High
Rate Packet Data (HRPD), Long-Term Evolution (LTE), Worldwide
Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), UMTS, etc. In some
implementations, a wireless communication system can include multiple
networks using different wireless technologies. Some wireless
technologies allow a wireless device to sleep for a predetermined period
to conserve battery power.

[0005] For initiating a connection with a particular wireless device, a
wireless network may transmit a paging message targeting the particular
wireless device. Multiple transmissions of paging messages, each
transmission being for one wireless device, are therefore performed to
initiate connections with multiple wireless devices in a logical
grouping.

SUMMARY

[0006] The techniques disclosed in this patent specification enable, among
other things, a group paging technique in which multiple wireless devices
may be paged simultaneously for a connection.

[0007] In one aspect, a method for wireless communication implemented at a
wireless device is disclosed. The wireless device is associated with a
member identifier (MID) that is a unique identifier for the wireless
device. The wireless device is associated with a group identifier (GID)
that is a unique identifier for a group of which the wireless device is a
member. The wireless device is woken up from a sleep mode at a wake-up
time based on the GID.

[0008] In another aspect, an apparatus for wireless communication is
disclosed. The apparatus includes a module for associating the wireless
device with a member identifier (MID) that is a unique identifier for the
wireless device, a module for associating the wireless device with a
group identifier (GID) that is a unique identifier for a group of which
the wireless device is a member, and a module for waking up the wireless
device from a sleep mode at a wake-up time based on the GID.

[0009] The details of the above aspects and others and their
implementations are set forth in the accompanying drawings, the
description and the claims.

[0012]FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of an event timeline in a
wireless network.

[0013]FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of another event timeline in a
wireless network.

[0014]FIG. 5 shows an example of signals exchanged among various entities
in a wireless network.

[0015]FIG. 6 shows another example of signals exchanged among various
entities in a wireless network.

[0016]FIG. 7 shows yet another example of signals exchanged among various
entities in a wireless network.

[0017]FIG. 8 is a flow chart representation of a process of wireless
communication, implementable at a base station.

[0018]FIG. 9 is a block diagram representation of a portion of an
apparatus for wireless communication.

[0019]FIG. 10 is a flow chart representation of a process of wireless
communication, implementable at a user equipment.

[0020]FIG. 11 is a block diagram representation of a portion of an
apparatus for wireless communication.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] This document describes techniques, devices, and systems for
enhancement of slotted mode operation for battery operated wireless
devices in wireless communications. The enhancement of slotted mode
operation can be used for the wireless devices to extend their slot
cycles with different length sleep periods for battery life expansion.

[0022]FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communication network or
system. This wireless communication network can include one or more base
stations (BSs) 105, 107 and one or more wireless devices 110. A base
station 105, 107 can transmit a signal on a forward link (FL), known as a
downlink (DL) signal, to one or more wireless devices 110. A wireless
device 110 can transmit a signal on a reverse link (RL), known as an
uplink (UL) signal, to one or more base stations 105, 107. A wireless
communication system can include one or more core networks 125 to connect
and control one or more base stations 105, 107. One or more base stations
form a radio access network. A base station, due to its nature of
providing radio access for a wireless device, either alone or in
combination with one or more other base stations, can be referred to as
an access point (AP), an access network (AN) or eNodeB. Examples of
wireless communication systems that can implement the present techniques
and systems include, among others, wireless communication systems based
on Code division Multiple Access (CDMA) such as CDMA2000 1x, High Rate
Packet Data (HRPD), Long-Term Evolution (LTE), Universal Terrestrial
Radio Access Network (UTRAN), and Worldwide Interoperability for
Microwave Access (WiMAX).

[0023]FIG. 2 shows an example of a radio transceiver station for
implementing a wireless device, a base station or other wireless
communication modules. Various examples of radio stations include base
stations and wireless devices in FIG. 1. A radio station 205 such as a
base station or a wireless device can include processor electronics 210
such as a microprocessor that implements methods such as one or more of
the techniques presented in this document. A radio station 205 can
include transceiver electronics 215 to send and/or receive wireless
signals over one or more communication interfaces such as one or more
antennas 220. A radio station 205 can include other communication
interfaces for transmitting and receiving data. In some implementations,
a radio station 205 can include one or more wired communication
interfaces to communicate with a wired network. A radio station 205 can
include one or more memories 225 configured to store information such as
data and/or instructions. In some implementations, processor electronics
210 can include at least a portion of transceiver electronics 215 and a
memory 225.

[0024] In some implementations, radio stations 205 can communicate with
each other based on a CDMA air interface. In some implementations, radio
stations 205 can communicate with each other based on an orthogonal
frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) air interface which can include
Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) air interface. In
some implementations, radio stations 205 can communicate using one or
more wireless technologies such as CDMA such as CDMA2000 1x, HRPD, WiMAX,
LTE, and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS).

[0025] To facilitate paging operation, each wireless device 110 in a
wireless network may be assigned to a unique access service identifier
within the network. The unique identifier may be for example
international mobile service identifier (IMSI) or unicast access terminal
identifier (UATI), as is known in the art. The wireless device 110 may
use the unique ID to identify itself in a call originated from the
wireless device 110. The network may use the unique ID of a wireless
device 110 in a network initiated call to route the call to the wireless
device 110 (e.g., paging the wireless device 110).

[0026] In the existing wireless networks, there is no way to identify a
group of wireless devices simultaneously over the air link interface. For
example, no identifiers are available at layer 2 that can be used to
identify in a single paging message a logical group of wireless devices.
Therefore when the network would like to initiate connections with a
group of wireless devices, the network may have to individually page the
wireless device one by one over the air link interface. Such serial
paging may be inefficient in terms of the amount of time required and/or
the bandwidth utilized in paging all wireless devices in the group and
may therefore lead to unacceptable user experience in some cases.

[0027] Another technical problem associated with using group paging for
existing wireless technologies is that the wireless technologies rely on
a slotted mode operation in which wireless devices can be periodically
idle, thereby allowing wireless devices to enter sleep mode. In the sleep
period, the wireless device may turn off its radio transmitter and
receiver in order to save battery life. Upon waking up, the wireless
device may turn on its radio transmitter and receiver to listen to the
signals transmitted by the network.

[0028] Therefore, it may be desirable that an access network (e.g., base
station) and wireless devices be synchronized so that the access network
can transmit a page message to a wireless device when the access network
knows the wireless device will be awake (i.e. not in sleep mode).

[0029] In some conventional wireless networks, in order to evenly
distribute the awake time of wireless devices, the wireless devices and
base station may use the wireless device's IMSI or SessionSeed as a hash
key to calculate a random time in the slot cycle period. Therefore,
different wireless devices may wake up at different times and the network
can balance the page channel loading within a slot cycle. However, no
techniques are available to enable simultaneous addressing a group of
wireless devices and use defining the individual wake up times of the
wireless devices in the group.

[0030] In group services, such as a smart grid service, a network may send
a page message to the whole group of wireless devices for either a
network-initiated data transmission over common channel or for the
establishment of connections with a group of wireless devices to deliver
the data over traffic channels.

[0031] According to the existing paging method, the network has to page
the group members sequentially since each mobile station has only one
unicast ID (IMSI or UATI). As previously discussed, this may reduce the
page channel efficiency and may cause page channel to overload,
especially when the group size is large and many members of the group are
within a cell.

[0032] In addition to the group identifier issue, the network may not be
able to send one page message to all the wireless devices in a group
since each wireless device typically has different waking time determined
by device ID. If the same page message is sent to the group members over
the paging channel on every page slot in a paging cycle, it would result
in a lot of redundant page messages when the Slot Cycle Index (SCI) is
set to a large value for group paging or M2M applications.

[0033] In some embodiments, member wireless devices of a group may be
assigned multiple identifiers. For example, each group may be assigned a
group identifier (GID). In some embodiments, GID may use the same format
of IMSI for CDMA2000 1x system or UATI (or called GATI) for CDMA2000 high
rate packet data (HRPD) system. In some embodiments, mere inspection of
the assigned ID may not reveal whether the ID is for a group or for a
single device. In other embodiments, GID may be from a different ID space
than the unique identifier ID space. An assigned GID may be a common ID
shared by the group members.

[0034] Accordingly, in some embodiments, each group member (wireless
device) may have two identifiers: A member identifier (MID), which is a
unique identifier such as an existing IMSI for CDMA2000 1x system or UATI
for CDMA2000 HRPD system, and a GID which is shared within the group
members. In operation, a wireless device may use both GID and MID
simultaneously, as further described below. In some embodiments, when a
wireless device belongs to multiple groups, the wireless device may have
multiple GIDs but a single MID.

[0035] The provisioning of the GIDs and MID may be performed in multiple
different ways. In some embodiments, the one or more GIDs and an MID for
a wireless device may be pre-configured (e.g., stored in a non-volatile
memory). In some embodiments, at least some of the one or more GIDs and
an MID for a wireless device may be configured through over-the-air
service provisioning (OTASP). In some embodiments, at least some of the
GIDs and the MID may be configured through session negotiation. Some
embodiments may use a mix of the various provisioning options. In some
embodiments, GID(s) and MID may be stored in a non-removal user identity
module (UIM) such as eUICC or a removal UIM (UICC) of the wireless
device.

[0036] In some embodiments, the GID and MID information associated with
wireless devices may also be stored in the network entity such as home
location register, visited location register HLR/VLR, or authentication,
authorization and accounting (AAA) server.

[0037] For registration with a network, each wireless device of a group
may send a registration message or an UATI Request message by include its
MID (e.g. IMSI or RATI) to the network. In addition, each wireless device
in the group may send a group registration message/GATI Request message
or regular registration message/UATI Request message by including GID
information to the network. The network (e.g. base station) may update an
entry in a database for the wireless device and also save the binding of
MID with GID(s) reported by the wireless device.

[0038] Upon receiving a registration request message from a wireless
device, the network may send a Registration Accept Order message or a
UATI/GATI Assignment message to the mobile station to indicate that the
registration process has succeeded. After the registration completes, the
wireless device may now have multiple IDs corresponding to itself. In
some embodiments, such a Multi-ID wireless device may listen to messages
addressed to either GID(s) or its MID over the paging channel or the
control channel.

[0039] When a Multi-ID wireless device of the group sends an Origination
(ORG) or Page Response Message (PRM) to the network, it may use its MID
(e.g. IMSI or UATI) in the message to identify itself.

[0040] With reference to FIG. 3, in which a time line 300 of sleep/wake
cycles 302, 304 of two wireless devices MS1 and MS2 belonging to a group
are depicted, in some embodiments, a multi-ID wireless device may perform
the slotted mode operation as follows. The Multi-ID mobile stations in
the group and the network may use only the GID to determine the
awake-time that is applicable to the group. Therefore all the group
members may wake at same time to listen to the page message from the
network. This is shown at, e.g., time 306, at which both wireless devices
wake up at the same time (because they shared a common GID). In some
embodiments, a group member may not wake at other time slots calculated
from its IMSI or UATI and the network may not send a page message to the
group member at those time slots as well. Therefore Multi-ID wireless
devices may not wake more times (per single group) than regular wireless
devices.

[0041] In some embodiments, e.g., for a CDMA2000 1x network, the waking
time could be determined by hashing function with the seed using GID. In
some other embodiments, e.g., in a CDMA2000 HRPD network, the waking time
could be configured through the attribute of
PreferredControlChannelCycle. All the wireless devices in the group may
be configured to have the same value of PreferredControlChannelCycle.

[0042] With reference to FIG. 4, in which a time line 400 of sleep/wake
cycles 402, 404 of two wireless devices are depicted, in some
embodiments, multi-ID wireless devices in a group and the network may use
both GID and MID to determine the awake-time. All the group members may
wake at same time (e.g., at time 406) determined by GID to listen to the
page message from the network. In addition, a group member may also wake
at time slots calculated from its IMSI or UATI (e.g., at time 408). In
one aspect, the network may page the individual wireless device in the
paging slots calculated from IMSI or UATI as the regular paging process.
Therefore these embodiments require less change on the existing network.
However, Multi-ID mobile stations may wake up more times than single ID
wireless devices. This may not detrimentally impact on non-battery
operated devices or have less impact on battery operated devices if SCI
is set to very large.

[0043] In some embodiments, for a CDMA2000 1x network, the waking time
could be determined by hashing function with the seed using GID. In some
embodiments, for example a CDMA2000 HRPD network, the waking time could
be configured through the attribute of PreferredControlChannelCycle for
the group. All the access times (ATs) in the group may be configured as
the same value of PreferredControlChannelCycle. The AT can also have its
own waking time calculated by its SessionSeed. The network can send a
general page message using the IMSI or UATI to page individual group
member during the awake-time of group.

[0044] In some embodiments, individual pages and/or group page may be used
by a network paging the whole group using GID to establish traffic
channel for data transmission. In some embodiments, the network may send
an SMS/USSD/SDB to the whole group using GID over the paging channel or
common control channel during the awake-time of the group.

[0045] Each group member may send a response message to the network at the
time calculated by the random delay mechanism if the acknowledgement is
required. In this way, it could avoid the access channel congestion when
many group members try to send their responses back at the same time. In
some embodiments, the random delay function may use the existing hash
function to calculate the delay. In some embodiments, the delay range may
be determined according to the service priority of the group and access
priority of group members. The service priority of the group and access
priority could be configured through L3 messages. The delay hash key may
be based on the group member's MID and used to generate a random number.
If the response is not required, a group member may not send the page
response back.

[0046]FIG. 5 is a signal exchange diagram showing messages exchanged
among a mobile station (wireless device) 502, a base station BSS 504, a
mobile switching station MSC 506 and a home or visited location register
508. The messages exchanged may include: (1) the wireless device 502
sends a registration request to the BSS 504, including its unique
identifier and any GIDs that the wireless device 502 is associated with,
(2) BSS 504 may send a location updating request to the MSC 506, (3) The
MSC 506 may update location of the wireless device 502 and bind the
device's MID with the received one or more GIDs for the wireless device
502. The MSC 506 may send this information to V/HLR 508. (4) The V/HLR
508 may acknowledge to the MSC 506 that it has received the information.
(5) The MSC 506 may send an acknowledgement to the BSS 504 that the
location updating request has been fulfilled. (6) The BSS 504 may
indicate the completion of registration to the wireless device 502. The
wireless device 502 may then begin monitoring slots in the paging
channel, determined by the hashing function and. MID and/or GID, as
described above.

[0047]FIG. 6 is a signal exchange diagram showing messages exchanged
among two mobile stations (wireless devices) MS1 602 and MS2 604, a base
station BSS 606, a mobile switching station MSC 608 and a home or visited
location register 610. Initially, (1) the MS1 602 monitors the paging
channel and slots, based on the one or more GIDs it is associated with.
Similarly, (2) MS2 604 monitors the paging channel and slots, based on
the one or more GIDs it is associated with. Then, (3) when the MSC 608
needs to page a group to which both MS1 602 and MS2 604 belong, then (4)
the MSC 608 may send a query to the V/HLR 610 (or AAA) to obtain
information about how to reach the wireless devices 602, 604. At (5), the
V/HLR 610 may respond by providing location information for the devices
602, 604. In some instances, wireless devices 602, 604 may be being
serviced by different base stations. In some embodiments, the V/HLR 610
may provide the MSC 608 with a list of base stations that should be
contacted for paging the wireless devices of the requested group. At (6),
the MSC 608 may send a paging request to the appropriate base station 606
that is providing wireless coverage to the wireless devices 602, 604. (7)
The base station 606 may page the wireless devices 602, 604 using the GID
to identify the paging message. Depending on the individual random delay
response offset, (8) at time T1, the wireless device 602 may respond
using its identifier MID1 and (9) at time T2 different from T1, the
wireless device 604 may respond using its identifier MID2.

[0048]FIG. 7 depicts signals exchanged among a wireless device 702, base
station 704, MSC 706 and V/HLR 708 in another embodiment of the group
messaging technique. (1) Initially, the wireless device 702 may monitor
the paging channel for any paging directed to itself, based on a GID that
the wireless device 702 is bound with. (2) When the MSC 706 needs to page
the wireless device 702, e.g., when an M2M application requests a
connection with the wireless device 702, then (3), the MSC 706 queries
the V/HLR 708 for the location of the wireless device 702. (4) The V/HLR
708 responds with location information. (5a) In some embodiments, the MSC
706 contact the base station 704 providing wireless coverage to the
wireless device 702 and requests a page, based on the GID and the MID
associated with the wireless device 702. (5b) Alternatively, in some
embodiments, the MSC 706 contact the base station 704 providing wireless
coverage to the wireless device 702 and requests a page, based on the MID
associated with the wireless device 702. (6) The base station 704 may
page the wireless device 702 using the MID for the wireless device 702 at
the paging slot calculated from GID or MID. (7) After a duration T1, the
wireless device 702 may respond to the page message. As previously
discussed, the duration T1 may be random time and depend on a pre-defined
hash function.

[0049]FIG. 8 is a flow chart representation of a process 800 of wireless
communication implemented at a wireless device is disclosed. At 802, the
wireless device is associated with a member identifier (MID) that is a
unique identifier for the wireless device. At 804, the wireless device is
associated with a group identifier (GID) that is a unique identifier for
a group of which the wireless device is a member. At 806, the wireless
device is woken up from a sleep mode at a wake-up time based on the GID.

[0050]FIG. 9 is a block diagram representation of a portion of an
apparatus 900 for wireless communication. The apparatus includes module
902 for associating the wireless device with a member identifier (MID)
that is a unique identifier for the wireless device, module 904 for
associating the wireless device with a group identifier (GID) that is a
unique identifier for a group of which the wireless device is a member,
and module 906 for waking up the wireless device from a sleep mode at a
wake-up time based on the GID.

[0051]FIG. 10 is a flow chart representation of a process 1000 of
wireless communication. At 1002, a first wireless device is associated
with a first member identifier (MID) and a group identifier (GID). At
1004, a paging request is received for the first wireless device. At
1006, a first paging message is transmitted to the first wireless device
using the GID associated with the first wireless device.

[0052]FIG. 11 is a block diagram representation of a portion of a
wireless communication apparatus 1100. The module 1102 is for associating
a first wireless device with a first member identifier (MID) and a group
identifier (GID). The module 1104 is for receiving a paging request for
the first wireless device. The module 1106 is for transmitting a first
paging message to the first wireless device using the GID associated with
the first wireless device.

[0053] To support the group paging operations the entities HLR, VLR and/or
AAA may be configured to implement a method for facilitating group paging
in a wireless communication network. The method may include receiving
information binding a member identifier (MID) for a wireless device with
a group identifier (GID), storing the binding information, receiving a
location request for a device group and transmitting a location response
using the stored binding information.

[0054] In some embodiments a wireless communication apparatus may include
modules facilitating group paging in a wireless communication network.
The wireless communication apparatus may include a module for receiving
information binding a member identifier (MID) for a wireless device with
a group identifier (GID), a module for storing the binding information, a
module for receiving a location request for a device group and a module
for transmitting a location response using the stored binding
information.

[0055] It will be appreciated that methods and apparatus for group paging
in wireless networks are disclosed. The disclosed techniques enable, in
one aspect, simultaneously sending paging messages to a group of wireless
devices over a paging channels by using a GID associated with the group
of wireless devices. In another aspect, each wireless device in a group
may still be able to use a different wake-up time using a hash function
based randomization of wake times.

[0056] The disclosed and other embodiments, modules and the functional
operations described in this document can be implemented in digital
electronic circuitry, or in computer software, firmware, or hardware,
including the structures disclosed in this document and their structural
equivalents, or in combinations of one or more of them. The disclosed and
other embodiments can be implemented as one or more computer program
products, i.e., one or more modules of computer program instructions
encoded on a computer readable medium for execution by, or to control the
operation of, data processing apparatus. The computer readable medium can
be a machine-readable storage device, a machine-readable storage
substrate, a memory device, a composition of matter effecting a
machine-readable propagated signal, or a combination of one or more them.
The term "data processing apparatus" encompasses all apparatus, devices,
and machines for processing data, including by way of example a
programmable processor, a computer, or multiple processors or computers.
The apparatus can include, in addition to hardware, code that creates an
execution environment for the computer program in question, e.g., code
that constitutes processor firmware, a protocol stack, a database
management system, an operating system, or a combination of one or more
of them. A propagated signal is an artificially generated signal, e.g., a
machine-generated electrical, optical, or electromagnetic signal that is
generated to encode information for transmission to suitable receiver
apparatus.

[0057] A computer program (also known as a program, software, software
application, script, or code) can be written in any form of programming
language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and it can be
deployed in any form, including as a stand alone program or as a module,
component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing
environment. A computer program does not necessarily correspond to a file
in a file system. A program can be stored in a portion of a file that
holds other programs or data (e.g., one or more scripts stored in a
markup language document), in a single file dedicated to the program in
question, or in multiple coordinated files (e.g., files that store one or
more modules, sub programs, or portions of code). A computer program can
be deployed to be executed on one computer or on multiple computers that
are located at one site or distributed across multiple sites and
interconnected by a communication network.

[0058] The processes and logic flows described in this document can be
performed by one or more programmable processors executing one or more
computer programs to perform functions by operating on input data and
generating output. The processes and logic flows can also be performed
by, and apparatus can also be implemented as, special purpose logic
circuitry, e.g., an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC
(application specific integrated circuit).

[0059] Processors suitable for the execution of a computer program
include, by way of example, both general and special purpose
microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any kind of digital
computer. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from
a read only memory or a random access memory or both. The essential
elements of a computer are a processor for performing instructions and
one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data. Generally,
a computer will also include, or be operatively coupled to receive data
from or transfer data to, or both, one or more mass storage devices for
storing data, e.g., magnetic, magneto optical disks, or optical disks.
However, a computer need not have such devices. Computer readable media
suitable for storing computer program instructions and data include all
forms of non volatile memory, media and memory devices, including by way
of example semiconductor memory devices, e.g., EPROM, EEPROM, and flash
memory devices; magnetic disks, e.g., internal hard disks or removable
disks; magneto optical disks; and CD ROM and DVD-ROM disks. The processor
and the memory can be supplemented by, or incorporated in, special
purpose logic circuitry.

[0060] While this document contains many specifics, these should not be
construed as limitations on the scope of an invention that is claimed or
of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features specific
to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in this
document in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented
in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that
are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be
implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable
sub-combination. Moreover, although features may be described above as
acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or
more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised
from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a
sub-combination or a variation of a sub-combination. Similarly, while
operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this
should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed
in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all
illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results.

[0061] Only a few examples and implementations are disclosed. Variations,
modifications, and enhancements to the described examples and
implementations and other implementations can be made based on what is
disclosed.

Patent applications by Ting Lu, Beijing CN

Patent applications by Xiaowu Zhao, Shenzhen CN

Patent applications by Yonggang Fang, San Diego, CA US

Patent applications by Yuanfang Yu, Shenzhen CN

Patent applications by ZTE CORPORATION

Patent applications by ZTE (USA) INC.

Patent applications in class Signaling for performing battery saving

Patent applications in all subclasses Signaling for performing battery saving