Any Cellular Metabolic Process Involving Deoxyribonucleic Acid. This Is One of the Two Main Types of Nucleic Acid Consisting of a Long Unbranched Macromolecule Formed From One or More Commonly Two Strands of Linked Deoxyribonucleotides.

The Directed Movement of Substances (such As Macromolecules Small Molecules Ions) Into Out of or Within a Cell or Between Cells or Within a Multicellular Organism by Means of Some Agent Such As a Transporter or Pore.

The Progression of Biochemical and Morphological Phases and Events That Occur in a Cell During Successive Cell Replication or Nuclear Replication Events. Canonically the Cell Cycle Comprises the Replication and Segregation of Genetic Material Followed by the Division of the Cell But in Endocycles or Syncytial Cells Nuclear Replication or Nuclear Division May Not Be Followed by Cell Division.

A Cell Cycle Process Comprising the Steps by Which the Nucleus of a Eukaryotic Cell Divides; the Process Involves Condensation of Chromosomal DNA Into a Highly Compacted Form. Canonically Mitosis Produces Two Daughter Nuclei Whose Chromosome Complement Is Identical to That of the Mother Cell.

The Cellular Process in Which a Signal Is Conveyed to Trigger a Change in the Activity or State of a Cell. Signal Transduction Begins with Reception of a Signal (e.g. a Ligand Binding to a Receptor or Receptor Activation by a Stimulus Such As Light) or For Signal Transduction in the Absence of Ligand Signal Withdrawal or the Activity of a Constitutively Active Receptor. Signal Transduction Ends with Regulation of a Downstream Cellular Process E.g. Regulation of Transcription or Regulation of a Metabolic Process. Signal Transduction Covers Signaling From Receptors Located On the Surface of the Cell and Signaling Via Molecules Located Within the Cell. For Signaling Between Cells Signal Transduction Is Restricted to Events At and Within the Receiving Cell.

The Process in Which a Gene's Sequence Is Converted Into a Mature Gene Product or Products (proteins or Rna). This Includes the Production of an RNA Transcript As Well As Any Processing to Produce a Mature RNA Product or an MRNA (for Protein Coding Genes) and the Translation of That MRNA Into Protein. Some Protein Processing Events May Be Included When They Are Required to Form an Active Form of a Product From an Inactive Precursor Form.

A Multi Organism Process in Which a Virus Is a Participant. the Other Participant Is the Host. Includes Infection of a Host Cell Replication of the Viral Genome and Assembly of Progeny Virus Particles. in Some Cases the Viral Genetic Material May Integrate Into the Host Genome and Only Subsequently Under Particular Circumstances 'complete' Its Life Cycle.

A Set of Processes Which All Viruses Follow to Ensure Survival; Includes Attachment and Entry of the Virus Particle Decoding of Genome Information Translation of Viral MRNA by Host Ribosomes Genome Replication and Assembly and Release of Viral Particles Containing the Genome.

A Process That Is Carried Out At the Cellular Level Which Results in the Assembly Arrangement of Constituent Parts or Disassembly of Cytoskeletal Structures Comprising Actin Filaments and Their Associated Proteins.

Any Process in Which a Protein Is Transported to And/or Maintained in a Specific Location At the Level of a Cell. Localization At the Cellular Level Encompasses Movement Within the Cell From Within the Cell to the Cell Surface or From One Location to Another At the Surface of a Cell.

The Process Resulting in Division and Partitioning of Components of a Cell to Form More Cells; May or May Not Be Accompanied by the Physical Separation of a Cell Into Distinct Individually Membrane Bounded Daughter Cells.

The Living Contents of a Cell; the Matter Contained Within (but Not Including) the Plasma Membrane Usually Taken to Exclude Large Vacuoles and Masses of Secretory or Ingested Material. in Eukaryotes It Includes the Nucleus and Cytoplasm.

A Membrane Bounded Organelle of Eukaryotic Cells in Which Chromosomes Are Housed and Replicated. in Most Cells the Nucleus Contains All of the Cell's Chromosomes Except the Organellar Chromosomes and Is the Site of RNA Synthesis and Processing. in Some Species or in Specialized Cell Types RNA Metabolism or DNA Replication May Be Absent.

Any Macromolecular Complex Composed (only) of Two or More Polypeptide Subunits Along with Any Covalently Attached Molecules (such As Lipid Anchors or Oligosaccharide) or Non Protein Prosthetic Groups (such As Nucleotides or Metal Ions). Prosthetic Group in This Context Refers to a Tightly Bound Cofactor. the Component Polypeptide Subunits May Be Identical.

Organelle Consisting of Networks of 60nm Tubules Organized Around the Microtubule Organizing Centre in Some Cell Types. They Transport Molecules (e.g. Receptors Transporters Lipids) Derived From Endosomes the Golgi Apparatus or the Cytoplasm to the Plasma Membrane. Transported Molecules May Be Recycled For Reuse or May Be Newly Synthesized.

Interacting Selectively and Non Covalently with a Nucleotide Any Compound Consisting of a Nucleoside That Is Esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an Oligophosphate At Any Hydroxyl Group On the Ribose or Deoxyribose.

Interacting Selectively and Non Covalently with a Activating Transcription Factor and Also with the Basal Transcription Machinery in Order to Increase the Frequency Rate or Extent of Transcription. Cofactors Generally Do Not Bind the Template Nucleic Acid But Rather Mediate Protein Protein Interactions Between Activating Transcription Factors and the Basal Transcription Machinery.

The Directed Movement of Substances (such As Macromolecules Small Molecules Ions) Into Out of or Within a Cell or Between Cells or Within a Multicellular Organism by Means of Some Agent Such As a Transporter or Pore.

A Membrane Bounded Organelle of Eukaryotic Cells in Which Chromosomes Are Housed and Replicated. in Most Cells the Nucleus Contains All of the Cell's Chromosomes Except the Organellar Chromosomes and Is the Site of RNA Synthesis and Processing. in Some Species or in Specialized Cell Types RNA Metabolism or DNA Replication May Be Absent.