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Ketogenic Diet for Traumatic Brain Injury

2.
DR. JOHN HUGHES, DO
Doctor of Osteopathy Arizona College of Osteopathic MedicineFrom Georgia

3.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
• What is aTraumatic Brain Injury (TBI)?
• What are Ketones?
• What is the Ketogenic Diet?
• How Does the Ketogenic Diet HelpTBI?

4.
WHAT IS A TBI?
• A sudden, violent blow or jolt to the head
• Brain collides with the inside of the skull
• Bruising of the brain
• Tearing of nerve fibers and bleeding

5.
WHAT HAPPENS AFTER A TBI?
• During brain swelling, glucose uptake that
surges to the injured area to provide energy
for healing and repair is blocked
• The brain is flooded with disproportional
responses

6.
TBI = METABOLIC CRISIS
“The brain is in a metabolic crisis in a concussion,
potassium ion from inside the cell going extracellular,
calcium ions going intracellular, neurotransmitters
widely released in a chaotic manner. It takes energy
to pump that potassium back, put the
neurotransmitters back on so the cell can function.”
Dr. Robert Cantu MD

7.
BIOCHEMICAL AND
PHYSIOLOGICAL
RESPONSES AFTER TBI
• Disproportional proinflammatory
cytokine production and release
→ Small proteins that are important in
cell signaling
• Increased counterregulatory
hormones
→ Work against the action of insulin
• Hypermetabolic and catabolic states
• Severely impairing nitrogen
homeostasis

8.
OXIDATIVE STRESS FROM TBI
A disturbance in the balance
between the production of
reactive oxygen species (free
radicals) and antioxidant defenses

16.
KETONES ARE LIKE DIESEL FUEL
(GLUCOSE IS LIKE GASOLINE)
• Diesel fuel has a high flash point than gasoline
• Harder to oxidize – Less flammable (excitable)
• The brain works like a diesel engine
• Burns more efficiently – lasts longer
Video