The leadership is one of the most dynamic element in the life of any
organization and to some extent, the effectiveness of any organization depends on the
quality of managerial leadership so this may be defined as "A process of
interpersonal relationship through which a manager attempts to influence the behaviour of
other people and in turn to direct organizational behaviour towards the attainment of
pre-determined objective".

Change in attitudes must be emphasized and one shall be very much clear
for the difference between Manager and leaders as leader conquer the context  the
volatile turbulent ambiguous surroundings that sometimes seem to conspire against us and
will surely suffocate us if we let them, while managers surrender to it. An individual can
be a leader without being a manager and a manager without being a leader.

Some characteristics of managers versus leader in the twenty first
century are as above:

Administers  Innovates

A copy  An original

Maintains  Develops

Focus on system and structure  Focus on people

Relies on control  Insure trust

Short range view  Long rang perspective

Asks how and when  Asks what and they

Eye on the bottom line  Eye on the horizon

Imitages  Originates.

Accepts the status quo  Challenges the status quo.

Classic good solder  Own person

Does thing right  Does the right things

In all organizations successful leadership depends on an ability to
apply skills acquired through experience, study and observation. It cannot be based solely
on the strict use of a position's authority, prestige or power infact the effectiveness of
leaders often diminishes in proportions to dependents on authority of their positions.
Demanding obedience, rather than securing co-operation has produced the saying, the poor
manager drives, the good manager leads? This points out the fact that effective leadership
must be based.

As we live in extra ordinary times and in an age without easy answers.
Now the question arises that what does the future hold for us? To survive and compete in
these times of growing chaos, we need to make a greater use of our intuition, imagination,
creativity, and courage, to face the tough realities that lie ahead of us. The essence is
not to get to become a leader but to gain awareness of oneself and acquire skills to
broaden our vision and capabilities. The next millennium will put to test these
capabilities in the following:

 Moral challenges pored by deterioration of the scientific and
ethical values.

 Application of artificial intelligence to seek solutions to
various problems.

 Inability to provide equal educational opportunities.

In the context of an organization, the success of a leader depends
largely upon his self-confidence, vision, virtue, plain guts and reliance on the blessed
impulse. Such a person learns from everything and understands his strengths and
weaknesses.

Leadership takes place every day in every sphere of life, it is neither
the rare event nor once in life time. As such, leadership is action not position and the
two countries can also be compared as under:

No. 20th Century 21st Century

1. Position Participation

2. Planning top to down and Planning from top and

confirmation down to up bottom.

3. Leadership is planning/ Vision, energy and

organization, co-ordinating resources respect to

commanding and controlling. others, team work.

4. Strategic, top management implementers to be

participated in planning.

This may be concluded that the essential leadership skills may be:

i) To-act appropriately to the superior/subordinated.

ii) To provide interpersonal influence.

iii) To have situational sensitivity.

iv) To communicate and facilitate the accomplishment of objectives.

v) To be empathetic.

The traits of leadership for twenty first century may be:

I) Physical Traits

a) Height

b) Weight

c) Physical

d) Vitality

e) Physical endurance

II) Personality traits

a) Ambition

b) Confidence

c) Integrity

d) Persistence

e) Imagination

III) Social traits

a) Empathy

b) Tact

c) Patience

d) Status

f) Participativness

IV) Personal traits

a) Verbal skills

b) Wisdom

c) Judgment

d) Intellectual ability

e) Capacity for work

f) Achievement

g) Responsibility

Leadership is trust, respect and mutual obligation that generates
influence between parties. It builds strong relationship mutual learning and accommodation
with followers.

A twenty first century leader must know the latest business jargon and
trends. He read atleast one new business book every six months and usually more than one.
21st century is at our door step and if we do not lead as well as follow, we cannot be
proved good leaders.