Country
Total Support Estimate(TSE) and derived indicators in Table 1
cover all agricultural production, i.e., all agricultural commodities produced
in the country. Definitions of basic data sets refer to the specific name of
the programmes with specific sources indicated in
square brackets. For the Producer Support Estimates (PSE) and Consumer Support
Estimates (CSE), the description of policy measures indicates the commodities
covered by the measures, as well as the method of allocation of the corresponding
transfers among commodities. "MPS commodities", which vary across
countries, are those for which market price support is explicitly calculated in
Table 2.

Market Price Support (MPS) and Consumer
Support Estimates (CSE) by commodity in Table 2 are calculated for the
following commodities: wheat, barley, oats, rice, sorghum, soybeans, sunflower,
rapeseed, sugar, milk, beef and veal, pigmeat,
poultry meat, sheep meat, wool, eggs and cotton. Definitions are provided only
for basic data sets from which all the other data sets in this table are
derived, following the formula indicated in each commodity table. Specific
sources are indicated in square brackets.

Producer Support Estimates (PSE) by
commodity in Table 3 are calculated only for the commodities produced in
the countrywithin
a common set of commodities (wheat, other grains, rice, oilseeds, sugar, milk,
beef and veal, pigmeat, poultry meat, sheep meat,
wool and eggs), provided that the value of production of that commodity exceeds
1 per cent of the total value of production in the country concerned. All data
sets in the calculation of PSE by commodity come from Tables 1 and 2 where
definitions are included.

Definitions of the indicators, criteria of classification of programmes included, and methods of calculation can be seen
in OECD, Methodology for the measurement of support and use in policy
evaluation [http://www.oecd.org/agr/policy].

Fiscal year: for example,1 July 2002 - 30 June 2003 is attributed to calendar year 2002.

Crop and livestock years: Vary according to commodities, but for example 2002
– 2003 crop or livestock year is attributed to year 2002. Statistics on
production, consumption and prices of livestock products refer to the year
beginning 1 July, for example: production of wheat in crop year 2002-2003 is attributed
to the calendar year 2002.

Statistics on production, consumption and
prices of crops refer, in the main, to crops sown during the year beginning 1
April. Statistics on wheat, for example, refer to grain sown during the period
from April to September and harvested between October and the following
February -- i.e., the 1992-93 season (1992 for PSE/CSE purposes) relates to the
harvesting period October 1992 to February 1993. Crop years are defined as
relating to a 12-month harvest period beginning the first day of the following
months: October for wheat, November for barley and oats, March for sorghum and
July for sugar.

In the case of rice, the statistics relate
to total national production, but the crop years differ by State. That for New
South Wales (which accounts for over 90 per cent of national production) refers
to rice harvested from April of the following year. The statistics for
Queensland refer to the sum of grain harvested in the summer (beginning
December) and the following winter (beginning June); thus rice harvested in NSW
from April 1990 through June 1990 and in Queensland from June 1990 through
August 1990 are included in the statistics for 1989.

Table 2.
Market Price Support and Consumer Support Estimates by Commodity

Definitions:

I. Level of production

Cereals: Total production of grain [1], [2], [3]. See general
notes for crop year definitions.

Rice: Total paddy production [1], [2], [3].

Oilseeds: Total production of oilseeds as received at crushers
[1], [2], [3].

Sugar: Total cane sugar acquired by crushers between May
and December, multiplied by 0.96. [1], [2].

Milk: Total production including milk intake by factories
between 1 July and the following 30 June and the wholemilk
equivalent of farm cream intake, but excluding milk produced for on-farm use.
Quantities in litres are multiplied by 1.031 / 1000,
to convert them into tonnes. [1] [2]

Beef and veal: Total production in carcass weight of slaughterings (including dairy cattle) and for canned meat
production. [1] [2]

Pigmeat:
Total production in carcass weight of slaughterings,
including for canned meat production. [1] [2]

Poultry: Total production of poultry meat (chicken, turkeys
and ducks) in carcass weight of slaughterings,
including for canned meat production. [1] [2]

Sheepmeat: total production in carcass weight of mutton and
lamb slaughterings (including for canned meat
production), and sheep exported live. [1] [2]

Wool: Total production in greasy equivalent weight of
shorn wool (includes crutching), dead and fellmongered
wool and wool exported on skins. [1] [2]

Eggs: Commercial egg production, excluding Tasmanian
production. For the period 1986-2003, it is calculated by multiplying
production in million dozen by 0.665; except for the year 1989,it is estimated by dividing gross value of production by
gross unit value [4].

II. Producer prices

Cereals and oilseeds: Implicit price measured at the farm-gate, obtained
by dividing the value of production by the level of production. [1] [2] [4]

Sugar: Implicit price received by cane growers, obtained by
dividing the value of production of raw sugar by the level of production of raw
sugar, and by 0.96. [1] [2] [4]

Milk: Implicit price at the farm-gate, obtained by
dividing the average gross return at the farm-gate by the level of production.
[1] [2] [4]

Meats: Implicit price at the farm-gate, obtained by
dividing the value of production (intake by abattoirs, valued at the farm gate,
plus estimated value of live animal exports) by the level of production. [1]
[2] [4]

Wool: Implicit price measured at the farm-gate, obtained
by dividing the value of production by the level of production. [1] [2] [4]

Eggs: Implicit price measured at the farm-gate, obtained
by dividing the value of production by the level of production. Since 1994,
OECD Secretariat estimates have been based on the gross value of production
reported by ABARE [2].

Rice: In 1986, unit value of exports (f.o.b.) of untreated
milled white rice (weighted by domestic disposals of medium and long-grain rice)
[7]; since 1987, weighted average of export prices for medium and long-grained
rice [1], [2]. The MPS is calculated by comparing the reference price to the
weighted average of domestic wholesale prices of the same types of rice.

Sugar: The reference price is the net returns to millers
from export sales. 1986-1996, based on calculations by the Industry Commission.
Estimated according to a formula that converts the price of raw sugar, f.o.b.
Caribbean ports into an estimated sugar price, f.o.b. Thai ports. Adding
freight and insurance costs to Australia yields a landed price of raw sugar,
c.i.f. Queensland. To the latter price is added the per-tonne
tariff rate to yield the import parity price to refiners, which is then
increased by 2.75% to adjust for the price premium on Australian sugar. From
this number is subtracted an estimate of domestic freight and handling costs,
and pool expenses, to yield an estimate of the average net return to millers
from domestic sales. The returns to millers from export sales is estimated by
taking the f.o.b. Thai port price, adjusting it for polarisation
differences, and subtracting export and pool expenses. Sugar tariff was removed
in 1997 thus eliminating MPS. [1] [2] [8] [9a]

[1] Australian Bureau of Agricultural and
Resource Economics (ABARE), "Australian Commodity Statistics",
various years, (Canberra: AGPS). Note that prior to 1994 this publication went
under the title "Commodity Statistical Bulletin". ABARE,
"Commodity Statistical Bulletin" (Canberra: AGPS, various years).

[2] Australian Bureau of Agricultural and
Resource Economics (ABARE), "Australian Commodities – Forecasts and
Issues", various years, (Canberra: AGPS, December issue). Note that from
1989 through 1993 this publication went under the title "Agriculture and
Resources Quarterly"; prior to that it was published under the title,
"Quarterly Review of the Rural Economy".

[3] Australian Bureau of Agricultural
Economics (ABARE), "Crop Report", December issue, various years
(Canberra: ABARE).