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Mt. Vernon Democratic banner (Mount Vernon, Ohio : 1853), 1860-05-22

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. . . . ; i. VOLUME , OHIO : TUESDAY, MAY 22, 1860. NUMBER 54 XXIV. MOUNT VERNON II rnilllllB ITIII TBM lOUUi, BY I. HARPER. ; Ofica in T7oo4T4d' 31ock,TMrd Story TEBMS T dollars ir unnm, payable in ad - vanoe; $2,50 wttuin six months 98,00 after the ex- . ration of she year. Clubs of twenty, 91,30 eaen. SPUING. BT J. W. THIRLWALI- 2To mora of frost, bo more of snow, . The streams have east their chains anji flow; : The soft winds genial, breathe like song She tender leaves and flowers among. . The happy birds, no longer mute, Make muaio sweet a lover's Into; And lore itself pours sweeter strains - 'Jlong blooming maids and loving swains. A theme more joyous none can sing, Than hail to thy sweet promise, Spring. ' To those who've journey'd many years, Their joy may shine amid their tears; The-bygone springs have left a trace Left blanks that nothing ean efface. The bright eyes quench'd, the warm hearts cold, . The shepherd left without his fold; Departed, loving mate and. young, . No wonder, if his lute's unstrung. . Yet, while that life is on the wing, "With joy he still doth hail thee, Spring. It seems awakening youth to all, Whateveratorms their fate befall; . For nature bursts her seemiog tomb, All life and sunahino, joy and bloom. The skies like early brightness shine. Earth's tendrils blossoming entwine; Birds ohirp and trill on every tree What joyous, untaught minitrelaj! What time has brought, what time may bring, Witlrjoy we still must hail thea, Spring. Suppose like thee, we winter cast, :: Leave freesing glanoes with the past; " The biting word, the act unkind. The passions, wild as winter wind; Forgiving injury with grace, tiood-nature levelling every trace; And, easting off pride's iron mask, Forgiveness, too, of others ask. If tbon such genial feeling bring, Oh! how we ought t j bless the, Spring! THE MOUOTIIXS OP LIFE. There's a land far away, 'mid thejitars we are told, Where they know not the sorrows of time; Where the pure waters wander thro' valleys of gold. And life is a treasure sublime: -Tis the land of our God, 'tis the borne of the soul. Where ages of splendor eternally roll : "Where the way-weary traveler reaches his goal, ' On the evergreen Mountains of Life, : 'Our gase cannot soar .to that besutfful land, ; Bat our visions have told of its bliss, And oar souls by the gale from its gardens are fan-. ned, When we faint in the desert of this: And we sometimes have longed for Iks holy repose, When oar spirits were torn with temptation and woes, And we have drank from the tide of the river that flows From the evergreen Mountains of Life; " " 0! the start never tread the blue Heavens at night But we think where the ransomed have trod . And the day never smiies from bis palace of light But we feel the brigV, smile of our Qod: We are traveling homeward, tbro' changes and gloom, To a kingdom where pleasures unceasingly bloom, "And our guide is the glory that shines through the tomb," From the evergreen Mountains of Life. : ourtiii Barney O'Balentine and the Devil. BY SAM SUCK, ESQ. Well, there lived an old woman some ears ago at Musquash Creek, in South Carolina, that had a large fortin and an only darter. She was ery good and very cross, as. many riteous people are, and had a loose tongue and a tight pus of her own. All the men that looked to her darter, she tho't had an eje to money, and she warn't far out of the way nother, for it seems as if beauty and monej was too much to go together in a general way. Rich gals and handsome gals are seldom good for nothia else bat their cash or their looks. Pears and peaches are Dot often found on the same tree, I tell you. She lived all alone the moat, with nobody but ber darter and her in the house, said some old nigger slaves in a hat near by ; and she seed no company she could help. The only place they went in a general way, was meeliu ; and Jeru-sha never missed that, for it was the only chance she had sometimes of getting oat alone. . Barney bad a most beautiful voice, and al ways went there, too, to sing alone with the gals; and Barney, bearin of the fortin of Miss Elles, made up to her as fierce as possible, and sang so sweet, and talked so sweet, and kissed so sweet, that he soon stood number one with the heiress.' But he didn't often get a chance to walk home with her, and when he did, she darsn't let him come in for fear of the old woman. But Barney warn't to be put off that way long. When a gal's in one paitur and a lover's in another, it's a high fence that the can't get over, that' a fact. "Tell you, what," says Barney, 'you set op alone in the keepin' room, Jerusha, dear, arter old mother has gone to bed, put out the light, and I'll slide down on the rope from the trsp door on the root Tell her yon are exerjised in yonr mind, and want to meditate alone, as the words yoa have heard this daj have reached jour heart." - - -W Jerusha was frightened to death almost; but what won't a woman do when a lover is in the jrey? So that very night she told the old woman she was exercised in the mind, and would wrestle with the spirit. 5 J9, dear f ays the .mother, "and yon won't think pf lhe vanities of dress, and idle company ao more. Yon see how-1 have given them all np sinee 1 made profession, and never so much as talks of was sow, or area Uuaks of 'em. - Straege, ; Squire, ain't it ? ..' Bot h'f branch easier to cheat ourselves thaa to cheat the davit That 'old hag was too stingy to bar a dress, but persuaded - herself U was beia1 too good to wear it, '' v '- '.. -. '. - Well, the bouse wss a flat roofed house, and had a trap-door in the eilin' over the keepin' oom, and there was a cxaae on the roof; with a epa I pailsiphinn 4s ipreai all out, and Bar- tj tou;Vt Cie old wosta wu asleep he crawl Hhetclj. out of the house, opens the trap-door, and lets himself down by the rope, and he and Jernsha sat down on the hearth in the chimney- corner courtin,' or, as they call it in them diggina, 'snif- fin ashes.' When dalight began to show, he went op the rope hand over hand, hauled it up after him, closed too the trap-door, and made himself scarce. Well,, all this went on as slick as could be for a while, bat the old woman seed that her darter looked pale, as if she hadn't sleep enough, and there was no gettin' her up in the tnornin', and when she did, she was jawnin and gapin' andso dull she had'nt a word to say She got very uneasy about it at last, and used to get op in the night sometimes, and call her darter, and make her go off to bed, and once or twice came plaguy near catchin' of them. So what does Barney do, but takes two nig gers with him, when he went after that, and leaves them on the roof, and fastens a large bas ket to the rope, and tells them if they feel the rope pulled, they must hoist away for dear life, but not to speak a word for the world. Well, one night the old woman came to the door, as usual, and says, "Jerusha, what on earth ails you. to make you sit up all night in that way ? Do come to bed, that's a dear." "Presently, marm," said she, To rastliog with the evil one, I'll come presently." "Dear, dear," you have res iled long enough with him to have throwed him by this time. If joa can't throw him now, give it up, or he may throw you." "Presently, marm, says the darter. "It's always the same tune," says her mother, goin' offgrumblin' "it's always presently what has got into that gal to act so? Oh, dear! what a pertracted time she has on it. She has been sorely exercised, poor girl." :-: -;;v:- , ' As soon as she had gone, Barney larfed so that he had put his arm around her, to Study him on the bench, in a way that did not look unlike rompin,' and when he went to whisper, he larfed so he did nothin' but touch her cheek with his ips in a way that looked plaguily like "kis'm,' and felt like it too, and she pulled to get away, and then be had a most regular rastle on the bench, and down went both on the floor with an awful smash, and in bounded the old woman. . "Which is uppermost?" Bays she. "Have you throwed Satan, or has Satan thro'd you? Speak Jerusha, speak, dear, who's thro'd?" "I have thrown him," savs her darter, "and I hope he has broke his neck, be acted so." "Come to bed then darling," says she, "and say a prayerafterward,-and" jist then the old woman was seized around the waist, hoisted to the roof and from thence to the craue, where the basket stopped, and the first thing she knowed she was away up ever so far ia the air swiogin' in a large basket and no soul near her. ; Barney and his niggers eat -stick- in double j quick time, crept into the bushes, and went all round the road, just as day was breaking. The old woman was singin' out for dear life, kickiu and squealin', and cryin'and prayin', all in one, properly frightened. Down runs Barney, hard as he could slip, lookin' as innocent as if he'd heard nothing of it, pretendin to be horrid frightened; offers his services, climbs up, releases the old woman, and gets blessed until he gels tired of it. 'Ohl' says the old woman, 'Mr. O'Balentine, the moment Jerusha throwed the evil one, the house shook like an earthquake, and as I entered the room he grabbed me. Oh! I shall never forget his fiery eyeballs, and the horrid smell of brimstone he had." MHad he a cloven foot and a long tail?" says Barney. ! couldn't see in the dark," said she; "bat his claws were awful sharp. Oh! how they dug into my ribs. It e'en most took the flesh off oh dear! Lord have mercy upon at! I hope he is laid in the Red sea now." 'Tell yoa what it is, Aunty," says Barney, "that ia an awfel story; keep it secret for yonr life folks might say the house is haunted that yon were possessed, and that Jerusha was pos- seased of the evil one. Don't so much as Hip a s j liable to a livia sinner brealhto; keep the secret and I will help you." The hint took: the old woman had no wish to be burnt or drowned for a witch, and the moment a feller has a woman's secret, he is that woman's master. He was invited there, stayed there, married there; bat the old woman never knew who the evil one was, and always thought to her dying day it was old scratch himself. After herdealh they didn't keep it secret no longer and many a good laugh has there been at the story of Barney O'Balentine and the Devil. A Ho del Black Republican. A correspondent communicated the following item on the 20th, from St. Louis to the Boston Post. It portrays a Black Republican element in cbaracteiB of light, and darkness, too. " There is a boot and shoe store in this city composed eotirely of Eastern, men, who are so notoriously "rotten on the goose," that the house is known as the Black Republican Boot and Shoe Establishment. The head of this concern is engaged in a separate business in Boston, is at the present time a Senator in the Massachu setts General Assembly and delegate to the Chi cago- Convention, and it is generally, understood that he advocates strongly the nomination of Seward for the Presidency. Well, this firm has a enstomer residing in the State of Missouri, who lately passed through here on his way South with negroes, and not - calling oa the members they became suspicious that be was absconding and intended to defraud thens out of a small debt. They accordingly despatched an agent after the deMor tn all haste, and with the proverbial neatness of a'Yaukee after money,' he "overhauled him at Memphis, and without asking for pay meat of the debt, beforehand, immediately took possession of the slaves by Virtue of a writ of auacument. The owner having no funds to discharge the debt, one of the negroes was put up .uipD, aaa Knocked down to a trader for the round sum of thirteen hundred dollar. This amount satisfied th 1W snt ik. .Mnf rm. turned home with his monev: and Ba dfln)Or. ceivea we commeuaatious of his employers Tor his energy, &cw . , ... '. . ' ' . . F , V Thai is the developed character of a. iar?e number of the freedom shriekers of Yankeedom. If thej are po going to lose anything,, they will ttcai a aegrpj u uej are la that danger they vui ten ma Mr. Halstead, Editor of the Cincinnati Commercial, the most efficient Black Republican pa per ia the West, went to the Charleston Conven, tion as tbe correspondent of the Commercial. From two of his letters, we subjoin extracts.- He was quite "surprised" to see such evidences of civilization . and progress in the Southern States. What queer ideas' the Black Republicans must have of the condition of the South ern country and people! When they go South and see for themselves, they soon find out that they have been most egregiously decieved, and that they have in turn decieved others. The stupendous misrepresentation of the South by the Black Republicans is unparalleled in the his tory of the world. We present the following views from the letters of four visitors to tfce late Charleston Democratic Convention the first from Mr. Halstkd to the Cincinnati Commercial; the second' from Mr. Houcx, (an Ohio delegate) to the Dayton Empire-, the third from Hon. S. S. Cox, to the Ohio Stoics man; and the fourth from Mr. Woods, (a delegate) to his paper, the'Ohio Patriot-. ' Correspondecne of the Cincinnati Commercial. Keal Condition of the Sonth TheFlourishing- Condition of the Sonth The Beauties of Charleston The Hard drinking', &o., &c., Condition of the Charleston Slaves Slavery, and How to Let it Alone. . ' The usual idea of northern people about the poverty of the Sooth, and the cruel treatment of slaves, is erroneous. There are many evidences in the Southern States of wealth, comfort, and refinement, and of attention to the duties of hu manity. Northern farmers would be surprised to see southern fences in such excellent repair, southern fields so clean, young orchards and vineyards coming forwards,: fat cattle in the pas. tures, and fine horses under the saddle or attached to handsome equipages. Northern railroad men would be surprised in becoming acquainted with the triumphs of engineering in the con. struction of southern railroads, the beauty and stability of the depots aud the completeness of the rolling stock, no less than at the extremely eisurejy style of traveling. The people of our northern interior towBS, Indianapolis, Columbus, Dayton, Springfield, Hamilton, &c, &c, would be surprised at the evidences of business energy and thrift in such places as Nashville, Chattanooga, Atlanta, and - Augusta. And most Cin cinnatians, who have been accustomed to think of Charleston as a place dead in the shell, not only old but worn but, dilapidated and periabiDg, would be snprised exceedingly at the reality, and : they may not be ready to believe "me when I say 1 that it is in many respects superior to Cincinnati itself. ; This superiority is not in dimensions for it is not more than half as large, nor in wealth, for it is not so wealthy, but there is an ap pearance of durability in things here, and symptom j. of good publio taste most satisfactory. The publio buildings are numerous and elegant. There are a great number of splendid old churches, abounding in costly and curious things. The hotels are equal to ours" in numbers and ca. pacity. There is nothing equal to the Burnet House in architecture,' but there are half a dozen extensive and well ordered homes for the traveler and the way they are carpeted, and oil-clothed, aud painted, is comfortable and tasteful. . The beds are clean and white, and give not a sign, so far as our observation has extended, of bugs. The public halls, Hibernia, and others, roomy and elegant, indicate an enviable degree of public spirit. The streets are ad mirably paved, chiefly wiih boulders, as in Cincinnati, but in places with blocks of granite, and they are kept well cleaned. The church bells, instead of being, as with us, a source ofdiseord, are made to discourse positive music. I have heretofore spoken of the silver toned eloquence of the chimes. The guard bouse here, instead of being a miserable pen, as with us, is : a large building, in Doric style, standing on a corner of one of the principal streets. One of bur Western delegates looked at it with admiration for some time, and seeing a man in "sojer clothes" stalking up and down on the granite pavement in front, with shouldered musket and fixed bayonet, asked him what hotel that was? The official grinned at the idea of mounting guard in front of a hotel, and told him to get into a row, and he would soon find out. There is a Club House here, three stories high, with white marble front, and sur rounded by a large yard, full of, brilliant shrubbery, with walks of shells, presenting an admirably tasteful appearance. The elegant private residences, instead of being, as with us, scattered, in great part, over the adjoining country, adorn the streets, and the greatest concentration of them is near the battery,' a place which is not equaled in any city in the United States. It is, In fact, a splendid park, well laid out, and kept in perfect order, with, the better part of the city on-one side, the sumptuous residences, embowered in delightful shade trees, on the other the glittering waters of the harbor,' across which you look to see the snowy line of the surf and sand of Sullivan's island. . r V This enchanting spot I have 'mentioned be fore, but 1 ean never giro an" ed equate description of it, as it appears on a pleasant evening, when the fashion of the Gty goes down to look at itself oa foot, on horse back and ia carriages, and to enjoy the sea-breexe. -: v 'v- I have seen a great"3ft&r of hard drinking and some boisterous blackguardism .'here, but Jhose who were guilty of it were, in nearly all cases, visitors. . 4 have seen but four or five of the fast young men of the place. engaged t in destroying taeis mieerauia carcaesep . win. poisonous liquor and the excesses, of fierce intoxication; and I saw but: one drunken maa oa the road from Louisville, to this place. I I am perfectly aware that the Sooth has to atone for a foil share of the national sin, of intemperance -but it is not pe- lculiaily prominent at the publio; places. The I lr ' A. tit i J"i- n v ... - worst onnaers- or we-rpess unnsiera; oeueve thej are styled in dnutin j eociety t;1io' hara I come under my ohserration daring the sessions of the Convention, were northern .mea. It is an impression common in the North and I have shared in it that the m6n" of th South have a habit of hanging about publio places, particu larly drinking places, in unseemly and loaferish style.' I confess I have not seen a large or more worthless looking group of idlers about tha "corners" of places through which I have passed in the South, than I remember to have seen in the North. Sunday is the slave's holiday here, and the swarm of oolored population that appears upon the streets on this day is something won derfuL It would seem that the white folks remained at home to take care of things, while the negroes dressed up and sauntered abroad. The negroes do an immense amount of churchgoing. and they all appear to have decent and, some of them, elegant suits of "Sunday go to meetin' clothes." A great many of them are very comical in appearance when dressed up, and judging from their countenance aud general style of proceeding, I should say they felt as good as possible. The genuine African women are devoted to turbans. They bandage, their heads quite artistically with" cotton handkerchiefs of great size, and made luminous with: red, white and yellow stripes. The "yellow pine" stock, however, has a taste for fantastic bonnets, and the more fuss and feathers by which they are surmounted the better. Of the children, that swarm upon the streets, far the greater portion are colored, black or yellow perhaps one fourth of them having an infusion of white blood, f On week days the little darkies are not particularly clean, but on Sundays their faces shine, showing the religious application of soap and water. The slave popu lation of this city seems, so far as I have been able to observe, comfortably clothed, well fed, and contented. . I certainly do not advance this as a justification of the relation of slavery; but I do state it, as showing that the condition of the slaves is not by any means so intolerable as to require or excuse interferenco with it by outsiders, whose process of emancipation involves house-burning and assassination. While we for bid the use of the Federal -Government for the propagandise! of slavery, we may safely leave the institution itself, as one of the problems which are to be worked out through tie ages, by the races in the sections whose destiny it over shadows. We tee it when at home, in its worst phases. It is thrust before us in the -painful fugitive: slave cases that harrow up oar feelings, in the displays of passion along a border irritated by troubles connected with "peculiar property," in the affected devotion to manifest wrongs of tenth rate demagogues, thirsty Jr political distinction ad official place; ctnd i the unde sirable emigration .poured vpon v from tei plantationai and (hen ; ve.jartCl ledjby the pretensions and cant of a shallow pliitanUiropy, which refuses to address, itself to the miserable objects a t home, and finds expression in unchari table refections about things abroad, of the in- L terior facts of which it has only sufficient know ledge to inflame its sensibilities and smother reason, and to make its real ignorance the more dangerous. : : ' .;. . - -".--.. ' . The negro galleries were the portion of the churches best filled, and the colored people were intent npon getting all they cofild out of the Spoken word. People who imagine slaves to be starved and ragged creatures : would be amazed at the full fed sleek cess, and the gloss of broad cloth and silk among the "property" that ap peared in the galleries. The negroes swarm out oa Suaday ia preposterous numbers. They are thicker than flies, and these are sufficiently numerous: here just now. On other days there axe only a few to be 'seen. But Suaday is their holiday, and they come forth in swarms, all neatly and some elegantly dressed, and all in high spirits. They take, the . sidewalks completely. A good many of the North ern delegates and outsiders stare with big eyes at the manoeuvers of the darkeys hereabout, and some of them will go home with a rare stock of stories to tell of observations of the peculiar institution. Nearly every white baby has alub erly young-negress lor a nurse, and the contrast between the fairness of the little thing and the nurse who carries it about, and hugs and fondles it, is too strong for dainty Northern stomachs. You see white children just, beginning to walk tottering about, held by each hand by black young ones a little bigger, who go rolling their eyes at the troops of strangers that make a stir so extraordinary in the streets. The negroes nearly monopolize the market, sell everything from salt pork to molasses candy. Saturday night the negro fishermen lined the sidewalk by the market house, for two squares, exposing for sale strings of the finny tribe. You see negroes going about the town, carrying all manner of things on . their heads. I saw one old fellow whose wool was a little frottj, strolling around with three turkeys, in a shallow basket, sitting on his bead calliog turka-a-a-a" The waiters at the hotels run up stairs with pitchers of water, bottles of Congress water, and even cock-tails, perched on their skulls., I have seen but one building going up in this town and there the ne groes were carrying up the brick and mortar in sections of barrels, which they mood ted upon their top-knots. 4 . 'y-, " ' ' "". ' ' h The Dayton Empire of the 27th April,1 coo- Ums a Terr interestiosr letter from Geo. H. Honck, Esq. one ofjhe Delegates to Charleston, dated, at tha Mills House Charleston, April 21. From it we make the following extrach f ; - TH CHAttACTKaiSTICa 6 THC COUSTBT. The country between Dayton and Washington is so familiar to ; a large portion: of our 'people that any comment upon it-would perhaps bun-interesting Id four readerr,' The"ycbiinrW; bow- ever, between .Washington and Charleston has not been so frequently traveled Over by 1 people from the lliamvYafley;? uniformity in the general appearance of tha soil and timber, all along" the route of the roads' over which I have traveled. -1 have been told a nam ber of times, by' Southern gentlemen that it is not a fair specimen,' 6( lie Southern country, as it certainly did sot realize the ideas J had form ed of the fertility- and beauty of this region of the Republic The soil, with bat occasional and rery few exceptions, Of limited extent, is a light thin clay- sometimes yellow, but generally more the color of ashes and seems to be very much worn. There is a great deal of yellow formation, resembling sand, but which seems rather to be a mixture of sand and clay than either.' At one point on the route East of Florence, in this State South Cardinal there is a large body of white sand, several miles, perhaps, along the line of the road, which, scattered amongst the green pine bushes and grass, looks like snow, occasion ally an acre of ground being covered with it, as with a white mantle. The timber ia almost entirely pine, along the whole route. .There is a variety of this tree that has attracted my attention for its singular beauty, although I have not observed any very large specimens of it. Its foliage is in very large, long and remarkably deep green banches, and far surpass in beauty any ornamental tree we have in Dayton, with perhaps one single and well known exception. I noticed but one piece of timber on the road since leaving the North that resembled our woods at home, and that was not more than a mile in extent. The cypress grows in the bottoms in this State, and attains a great size, it resembles somewhat the statehness of our large red oaks, but the trunk ia much longer and the top not so wide branching. The James River, at Richmond, is very wide and shallow, interspersed with rocks and - islands, and varied ith waterfalls. Richmond seems to be a large and beautiful city, and is surrounded by a pretty 1 and I should think fertile country. I was sur prised at the size and beauty of Petersburg. It la a city almost as large as Dayton, and, judging , from what I could see of it, quite as handsome. Wilmington, in North Carolina, on Cape Fear River, is a large and very flourishing commer cial place, although we could see but little of it in passing. - We there crossed Cape Fear River by ferry and took the railway to Florence. . THE KEGBOES. The first field of negroes I saw were in "Old Virginia." There were some fifteen or twenty in the field, standing quietly with their hoes in their hands as long as the train continued in sight. I have observed them closoly wherever we have stopped, and I have seen but one ragged negro between Washington and Charleston. .They are all well and comfortably clad, and, as Mr. Clay said to Mr. Mendenhall, look "fat and sleek," as well as good humored and happy. Ageutleman residing in North Carolina told me he was about starting North last summer, and told his old negro man he wanted him to fix up and go along with him. "Whar you gwine to, massa?" his man asked him. "To Ohio, Tom." "What! Ohio, Massa! Please God,, massa, don't lake old Tom to Ohio, de aboli tionlsts steal old Tom away from you and let him starve!" Many of them were at work along the road, ballasting, ditching and repairing. It is not a very busy season for out door or field work. TUaPEJfTIJTE AND BESI2T. For miles and miles along the route through North Carolina I noticed the pine trees stripped of a portion of their bark, from within a foot of the ground op to the trunk, sometimes, to the distance of eight or ten feet; I learned that this is the manner in which Turpentine and Resin, the great staples of North Carolina are obtained. . ;'- . - ' " - In the first place, a notch is cut into the tree near the ground large enough to hold perhaps a pint or a quart of fluid. This is done in March, or about this season of the year. The bark is then stripped, or cut, rather, from about one-third of the body of the tree, extending up a foot or two above the notch. The turpentine, in its crude state, passes in a fluid, gummy form into the notch, and is thence dipped np by the negroes every week and taken to the distillery, where the turpentine, ready for the market, is distilled from it, leaving the resin alsoready for sale. At each succeeding season the bark and outer surface of the body of the tree is cut up still higher, and a new supply of gum obtained as before. This process eventually kills the tree, when it is felled, cut up, and put into kiJns,burned,andtar obtained I from it by this operation. A single hand will make from four to six hundred dollars a jeer in this description of work. Motion. - '-The cotton fields I have seen are not at all beautiful.' Indeed,: there is nothing yet to make them so, as the cotton in some of them is not yet up, and in others jast beginning to be visible. Bat the fields are very much interspersed with tall, charred pine stumps, many low and of ordinary size, but the greater number from ten to fifteen feet high. The cotton is drilled in rows about four feet apart. The rows are straight as a die across fields containing sixty eighty or a hundred acres. The time for "thinning out" has not yet arrived, -' -""-.-':;..' BICE. ' The first and only rice fields I have seen are across the Cape Fear River from Wilmington, and are several miles in extent. The soil is low, flat and rich. The whole surface is intersected by ditches about two feet deep and the same width, and at one end of -the. bottom or fields there is a head gate, through which, at the pop-er season of. the year,, the whole surface is over, flowed. When' tke .water has been " on it for a sufficient length of time, it is drawn off through the ditches. Thq rice is. drilled .in rows about fifteen inches apart, and is now about as high as eats ia with usj (some two inches) and very much resembles tbat grain at this stage of its growth , CHA.BI.E8T03. , . I have not taken an opportnnity to look about the city yet everything, however, r'that I ' have seen,' resenU' tbe tnost attractive and agreeable appearance. The trees 'are in full, foliSge' and tuere are many large ana very nanasome cues.- This Hotel u an elegant one, well furnished, and I think - well .kept. The dining-room servants are all white, the house servants - negroes. Ia tasteful decorations of parlcrtt iind, dinieg-rooms itls follf equal to Vha' 6r-V "C''i hotelaia the North. -It ia not rery -f Vliob evlarje in crease of guests is expt . J by to day aci t night's arriTals. I think, under all the circumstances, few gentlemen will have any reason to complain of ocr accommodations here. Hon. S." S. Cox wrote an interesting letter from Charleston to the . Ohio Statesman, from which we select what follows : ; Correspondence of the Statesman. Travel to Charleston Scene of the City African Church Guard House. ' - Chablestok, April 26, 1860. Dear Colosel: I do not think there is any one who objects to my taking this pleasant little recreation, down to the sunny South. I have never been in a Slave State, except to look into the edges of Kentuck) and to travel over Maryland and Virginia to Washington. I have been to Cuba. - But I longed to see something of our own Southern countrr. No one can understand this city, State and region except by personal observation. If I had the inclination and leisure I could make you many pictures of Southern life here that would instruct and astonish. ' I came down after a thirty-six hours' travel from Washington, with a large lot of Delegates. Ohio, Wisconsin. Indiana, Illinois, Rhode Island and New York Delegates were plentiful on our train. A royal set of men they were. For a long time, after leaving Petersburg, Va., we saw nothing but pine trees aud sterile soil. A few groceries a few cows with burrs on their backs a few lazy negroes lolling in the sun a few tar and turpentine . establishments in the piney woods, was all that relieved the monotony of the pine woods and poor soil. These pine trees were repeated with endless iteration. Some of the trees were peeled. Some are notched and have bowls in them to hold the sap. The fresh hacks on the new trees at their base, indicate the first draught of the sap. But I have not time to go into these details. As we neared Charleston on Saturday night we saw on either side of us great luxuriant forests of abundant growth. The water oak was conspicuous for its size. From its branches as, indeed, from most of the other trees long moss streamers hung pendant, like fluttering pennons of crape. The forests seemed in mourning for the famished and dead soil. The city of Charleston is on a tongue of land, between two fine rivers. For several miles before we reached the city, the scenery changed into beautiful gardens and fine country seats. Some of our Wisconsin friends bad traveled part of their journey on snow shoes t You can imagine their delight as the rose bushes appeared, liveried in red and white! How they threw np their hands like "gushing children of nature" as the gessamine and magnolia appeared to bless the air with perfume and please : the eye with beauty 1 '. ...-JatoppejLjsVO - North western, head-quarters. They were tr.ui-ming full of Douglas. Douglas was the topic, toast and talk of the city. Payne, Grijwold, Smythe, Pogh and the rest were here. They had insisted on my coming down for ornament, I suppose. Not being a Delegate, I was of no special use. I had little lime to spend with them. An. old class mate, who lives here, soon hurried me off to his father's pleasant home in the heart! of the city, where ! have been enjoying the "domestic institution" in the happiest way and from the moat cordial of friends. Twelve years of separation from an old room-mate, was calculated to make the greeting warm and the enjoyment beyond words. These friends are of Rhode Island origin,' but they have lived here forty years. They have slaves; but no one could observe that any relation but that of the most devoted kindness existed between the master and mistress and their servants. Thi! remark does not express fully the complete and perfect devotion between them. Besides, it is so entirely mutual as to make it a marvel. On Sunday I went, with Gov. Bar a tow of Wisconsin, and others, under the guidance of my friend, to the African church. It is as large as three of the Town street Methodist church in Columbus. It was elegant in its decoration. The body of the church seated some three thou sand colored persons. They were mostly the fine glossy Congo, upon whose unmixzd darkness no ray of Jight appeared, except the 'clear obscure which silvers the blackest shoe of the prettiest polish.. The eyes and teeth I make special mention of as having the finest contrast in their snowy whiteness I How neatly they dress. The whites in this city do not equal them in their apparel. If is no wonder, when ! find on the "list of tax payers, paid by persons of color" property owned by them of various sums, from $5,000 up to $25,000; and some even so high as $33,000, and $41,575 ! How primly they sit down, unfold their neat handkerchiefs,and bring out their psalm books ! What a quiet and orderly hush is here. It is only broken by the less decorous white folks, who go up into the gal leries. Among the habitual attendants upon the church whicb ia Presbyterian are some of the principal families of this city. But they sit in the galleries. Cheever don't encourage such ad mixtures in his hypocritical sanctuary. But here, there is the kindest recognition of the religious relations which all observe and have the right to observe, without exclusion. A similar observation made by me, once at St. Peter's in Rome, has often been distorted and misunder stood by the, demagogical pudding heads, who have commented upon it. The services here are by a white pastor. He is a gentleman, of floe culture, good elocution. . He is listened to with patient and eager ' attention. The singing was superb. , Every one of these untutored (?) slaves of the Sooth, had a by mo book, and supg from it with a gusto which betrayed theAfrican love of music, a no tunes were ot tne gooq oia fietno dist land. They rung through the big : building with a melody which was not lost in the immense volume of sound.' '- ' ; ' Our Wisconsin friends thought that if the Republicans of tlelr'and. my . Ticinage . could see this s'ceneyther would lose "something of their inconsiderate prejudice against the condition of the colored people ia this aecbon of the coun try;" What a eoatr&et to the free blacks of the North ! -. - ,: " I could aive too a chaoter on mv cleasaut vtait 19 uie iaery cere, wnicn u soaaea Beautifully and is a great resort for pedestrians and carriages. Tha prospect from it toward Sullivan's Island and the sea, where the historio foot which Jasper defended stands prominent iathe view, is very refreshing and pleasing. It is so especially on a hot day. My visit to the Military Institute, the Orphan Asylum, the rice mills, the cotton warehouses, the steamships, the country seats under the kind direction of my host are pleasant to think of and would be more Sot) write about to my friends. . - Last night I went to the G uard House. I found np stairs fifty policemen asleep on their iron bedsteads. A hundred stand of loaded arms were near. The horses below in the yard, were ready for the mounted police at a moment's warning. At the hour often, the great bell rang over the city. It was the signal lor the blacks to go in go home. It rang fifteen minutes. Then ten minutes of grace are given by drum and fife. This is repeated at the upper end of the city. Then you might see the colored persontravel. The delegates and strangers soon notice this fact. It leaps into language. A 'yaller gal" is scraping gravel in a hurry delegate loquitur, "Go it, colored individual 1 " A patriarctal African hobbles along to his home and touches his hat politely to the eager gazing stranger, who watches hislncreased locomotion, with considerable satisfaction. Away they go, picannina and all ; for if they are out, when the drum ceases, the inexorable Guardsman has his hand in their wool and off they go for a night in the Guard House! From a letter ef Mr. Thoa. S. Woods, editor of the New Lisbon O. Patriot, to his paper, wo extract the following: Charleston S. C, April 29, 1860. ' There are a number of finely built churches here, and on every Sabbath full of as devout wor shippers as we have at borne. Our Northern Abolitionists would be astonished at the quantity of religion exhibited by the slave owners of this ancient city. 1 was at an Episcopal church this morningwhere, after going through the service, I heard an excellect sermon of just twenty-five minntes duration my length exactly. The sub ject was exhausted without exhausting the audi ence as the hour inflictions do. The church is two hundred years old, and the internal arrange ments the same as when first erected. It is a quaint looking old thing, and very uncomforta ble. The seats were made. for generations that have passed away, and are ill fitted for the weak- backed race of the t re sent dar. The naves of 0 ww w r n a uayne ana Vamoun are in u.e yara aciojusg this church. Talking cf churches reminds me of ladies. -1 Convention La tie ciirctA, a-i ca ta and I have yet to see the first good locking woman. Thy dress well, but are. decided! plain. I suppose, however, they compensate for lack of beauty by the number of their niggers and riches of their estates. I was at a slave auction one day last week.- One old crazy woman sold for seventy dollars. She was in fact an object of charity, and it looked to me a mercy for some one to buy her and take care of her. A nigger boy, tort years old, sold for seven hundred and fifty dollars. , The sales were not very brisk. There was a large crowd present, but'mostly composed of Northern men, who were there from curiosity. The nig gers seemed well enough contented, and were waiting for buyers with about the same anxiety that would be found among servants at a Northern intelligence office. They are well fed and taken care of, and sure not to be abused. The are for Bale, and of course are made to look as well as possible. Several families were in the mart. : I asked the broker about tBe manner of selling them, and he said they made it a rule never to sell families apart; that a dealer that would separate them would steal, and that even if inclined to do so, it would be. "bad policy, because the niggers would be discontented, and not uo wen. The weather, except last Sunday and Monday, has been favorable to us of the North. To-day it is as cold as the. day I left home. I was at Presbyterian ni?ger church this afternoon. It is a mammoth brick on Calhoun street. Abe congregation commenced assembling at half past three, and continued toaireaea in until half an hour after the service commenced, at four. It is a church common fur the slaves and their masters. The niggers occupy the seats in front of the pulpit clear back, and about half the back ones on the right and left. The white people take the ones on the right and left of the pulpit irout, and the two large side galleries. The nipgers came in aud took their seats in an orderly manner, and the religious ones, 11 supposed,) immediately on eomiogin. knelt down for a momeut. They were all well dressed, clean looking, and of pure blood. A great many of the men wore kid gloves and pat- eut leather boots, and the women were dressed at the top of the fashion. The old weuchea came in plain calico, and with yellow bandanas on their beads presenting the appearance of a sugar loaf. The bouse was crowded with citizens and strangers and negroes. I suppose there were two thousand persons present, and two mira oi mem were coiorea people, . x ne samo proporilion of black aud white ia a Northern, town would soon kick up a rockery. The preacher' was a fine looking young man about thirty years of age. He read the fayma and started the tune himself, and thea lined. A few blacks had hymn books. ; The sermon appeared to have been prepared in view of the Convention. I did not bear it all, as drowsiness kept strvi'trlicg for the mastery over me." In the interval. I got Moonligh t on the banks," -sonlIj:ht on the sea," "Niagara," "mountains.. . Wiic," lowers, and heaps of highfallutia. The sermon ever. a collection was taken op the blacks asd whiten eontribnting separately. Wheo'tfce beaedictloa bad bean pronounced, the most delightful muslo burst on' my ears I ever heard ia my Uf 1 Ik seemed to come out of the skies, I felt in aa enchantment, and could scarcely believe my tj when I awoke from' my momentary dream ati saw the whites leaving and the negroes sltit j a melody of their own, wub the xausictl v;Iv ana gusaing soul ot earnest regions taiurea . I u thrilled with emotion, and tier -it." Good Heavens! if these slaves have the manhood crushed out of them, where are tie t'-trs ihit haYe any manhood in them? - If t.ere be happy, thankful and religious nigtrs ia lie wor;j, they are the slaves of Cb&rlestsa. ,

. . . . ; i. VOLUME , OHIO : TUESDAY, MAY 22, 1860. NUMBER 54 XXIV. MOUNT VERNON II rnilllllB ITIII TBM lOUUi, BY I. HARPER. ; Ofica in T7oo4T4d' 31ock,TMrd Story TEBMS T dollars ir unnm, payable in ad - vanoe; $2,50 wttuin six months 98,00 after the ex- . ration of she year. Clubs of twenty, 91,30 eaen. SPUING. BT J. W. THIRLWALI- 2To mora of frost, bo more of snow, . The streams have east their chains anji flow; : The soft winds genial, breathe like song She tender leaves and flowers among. . The happy birds, no longer mute, Make muaio sweet a lover's Into; And lore itself pours sweeter strains - 'Jlong blooming maids and loving swains. A theme more joyous none can sing, Than hail to thy sweet promise, Spring. ' To those who've journey'd many years, Their joy may shine amid their tears; The-bygone springs have left a trace Left blanks that nothing ean efface. The bright eyes quench'd, the warm hearts cold, . The shepherd left without his fold; Departed, loving mate and. young, . No wonder, if his lute's unstrung. . Yet, while that life is on the wing, "With joy he still doth hail thee, Spring. It seems awakening youth to all, Whateveratorms their fate befall; . For nature bursts her seemiog tomb, All life and sunahino, joy and bloom. The skies like early brightness shine. Earth's tendrils blossoming entwine; Birds ohirp and trill on every tree What joyous, untaught minitrelaj! What time has brought, what time may bring, Witlrjoy we still must hail thea, Spring. Suppose like thee, we winter cast, :: Leave freesing glanoes with the past; " The biting word, the act unkind. The passions, wild as winter wind; Forgiving injury with grace, tiood-nature levelling every trace; And, easting off pride's iron mask, Forgiveness, too, of others ask. If tbon such genial feeling bring, Oh! how we ought t j bless the, Spring! THE MOUOTIIXS OP LIFE. There's a land far away, 'mid thejitars we are told, Where they know not the sorrows of time; Where the pure waters wander thro' valleys of gold. And life is a treasure sublime: -Tis the land of our God, 'tis the borne of the soul. Where ages of splendor eternally roll : "Where the way-weary traveler reaches his goal, ' On the evergreen Mountains of Life, : 'Our gase cannot soar .to that besutfful land, ; Bat our visions have told of its bliss, And oar souls by the gale from its gardens are fan-. ned, When we faint in the desert of this: And we sometimes have longed for Iks holy repose, When oar spirits were torn with temptation and woes, And we have drank from the tide of the river that flows From the evergreen Mountains of Life; " " 0! the start never tread the blue Heavens at night But we think where the ransomed have trod . And the day never smiies from bis palace of light But we feel the brigV, smile of our Qod: We are traveling homeward, tbro' changes and gloom, To a kingdom where pleasures unceasingly bloom, "And our guide is the glory that shines through the tomb," From the evergreen Mountains of Life. : ourtiii Barney O'Balentine and the Devil. BY SAM SUCK, ESQ. Well, there lived an old woman some ears ago at Musquash Creek, in South Carolina, that had a large fortin and an only darter. She was ery good and very cross, as. many riteous people are, and had a loose tongue and a tight pus of her own. All the men that looked to her darter, she tho't had an eje to money, and she warn't far out of the way nother, for it seems as if beauty and monej was too much to go together in a general way. Rich gals and handsome gals are seldom good for nothia else bat their cash or their looks. Pears and peaches are Dot often found on the same tree, I tell you. She lived all alone the moat, with nobody but ber darter and her in the house, said some old nigger slaves in a hat near by ; and she seed no company she could help. The only place they went in a general way, was meeliu ; and Jeru-sha never missed that, for it was the only chance she had sometimes of getting oat alone. . Barney bad a most beautiful voice, and al ways went there, too, to sing alone with the gals; and Barney, bearin of the fortin of Miss Elles, made up to her as fierce as possible, and sang so sweet, and talked so sweet, and kissed so sweet, that he soon stood number one with the heiress.' But he didn't often get a chance to walk home with her, and when he did, she darsn't let him come in for fear of the old woman. But Barney warn't to be put off that way long. When a gal's in one paitur and a lover's in another, it's a high fence that the can't get over, that' a fact. "Tell you, what," says Barney, 'you set op alone in the keepin' room, Jerusha, dear, arter old mother has gone to bed, put out the light, and I'll slide down on the rope from the trsp door on the root Tell her yon are exerjised in yonr mind, and want to meditate alone, as the words yoa have heard this daj have reached jour heart." - - -W Jerusha was frightened to death almost; but what won't a woman do when a lover is in the jrey? So that very night she told the old woman she was exercised in the mind, and would wrestle with the spirit. 5 J9, dear f ays the .mother, "and yon won't think pf lhe vanities of dress, and idle company ao more. Yon see how-1 have given them all np sinee 1 made profession, and never so much as talks of was sow, or area Uuaks of 'em. - Straege, ; Squire, ain't it ? ..' Bot h'f branch easier to cheat ourselves thaa to cheat the davit That 'old hag was too stingy to bar a dress, but persuaded - herself U was beia1 too good to wear it, '' v '- '.. -. '. - Well, the bouse wss a flat roofed house, and had a trap-door in the eilin' over the keepin' oom, and there was a cxaae on the roof; with a epa I pailsiphinn 4s ipreai all out, and Bar- tj tou;Vt Cie old wosta wu asleep he crawl Hhetclj. out of the house, opens the trap-door, and lets himself down by the rope, and he and Jernsha sat down on the hearth in the chimney- corner courtin,' or, as they call it in them diggina, 'snif- fin ashes.' When dalight began to show, he went op the rope hand over hand, hauled it up after him, closed too the trap-door, and made himself scarce. Well,, all this went on as slick as could be for a while, bat the old woman seed that her darter looked pale, as if she hadn't sleep enough, and there was no gettin' her up in the tnornin', and when she did, she was jawnin and gapin' andso dull she had'nt a word to say She got very uneasy about it at last, and used to get op in the night sometimes, and call her darter, and make her go off to bed, and once or twice came plaguy near catchin' of them. So what does Barney do, but takes two nig gers with him, when he went after that, and leaves them on the roof, and fastens a large bas ket to the rope, and tells them if they feel the rope pulled, they must hoist away for dear life, but not to speak a word for the world. Well, one night the old woman came to the door, as usual, and says, "Jerusha, what on earth ails you. to make you sit up all night in that way ? Do come to bed, that's a dear." "Presently, marm," said she, To rastliog with the evil one, I'll come presently." "Dear, dear," you have res iled long enough with him to have throwed him by this time. If joa can't throw him now, give it up, or he may throw you." "Presently, marm, says the darter. "It's always the same tune," says her mother, goin' offgrumblin' "it's always presently what has got into that gal to act so? Oh, dear! what a pertracted time she has on it. She has been sorely exercised, poor girl." :-: -;;v:- , ' As soon as she had gone, Barney larfed so that he had put his arm around her, to Study him on the bench, in a way that did not look unlike rompin,' and when he went to whisper, he larfed so he did nothin' but touch her cheek with his ips in a way that looked plaguily like "kis'm,' and felt like it too, and she pulled to get away, and then be had a most regular rastle on the bench, and down went both on the floor with an awful smash, and in bounded the old woman. . "Which is uppermost?" Bays she. "Have you throwed Satan, or has Satan thro'd you? Speak Jerusha, speak, dear, who's thro'd?" "I have thrown him," savs her darter, "and I hope he has broke his neck, be acted so." "Come to bed then darling," says she, "and say a prayerafterward,-and" jist then the old woman was seized around the waist, hoisted to the roof and from thence to the craue, where the basket stopped, and the first thing she knowed she was away up ever so far ia the air swiogin' in a large basket and no soul near her. ; Barney and his niggers eat -stick- in double j quick time, crept into the bushes, and went all round the road, just as day was breaking. The old woman was singin' out for dear life, kickiu and squealin', and cryin'and prayin', all in one, properly frightened. Down runs Barney, hard as he could slip, lookin' as innocent as if he'd heard nothing of it, pretendin to be horrid frightened; offers his services, climbs up, releases the old woman, and gets blessed until he gels tired of it. 'Ohl' says the old woman, 'Mr. O'Balentine, the moment Jerusha throwed the evil one, the house shook like an earthquake, and as I entered the room he grabbed me. Oh! I shall never forget his fiery eyeballs, and the horrid smell of brimstone he had." MHad he a cloven foot and a long tail?" says Barney. ! couldn't see in the dark," said she; "bat his claws were awful sharp. Oh! how they dug into my ribs. It e'en most took the flesh off oh dear! Lord have mercy upon at! I hope he is laid in the Red sea now." 'Tell yoa what it is, Aunty," says Barney, "that ia an awfel story; keep it secret for yonr life folks might say the house is haunted that yon were possessed, and that Jerusha was pos- seased of the evil one. Don't so much as Hip a s j liable to a livia sinner brealhto; keep the secret and I will help you." The hint took: the old woman had no wish to be burnt or drowned for a witch, and the moment a feller has a woman's secret, he is that woman's master. He was invited there, stayed there, married there; bat the old woman never knew who the evil one was, and always thought to her dying day it was old scratch himself. After herdealh they didn't keep it secret no longer and many a good laugh has there been at the story of Barney O'Balentine and the Devil. A Ho del Black Republican. A correspondent communicated the following item on the 20th, from St. Louis to the Boston Post. It portrays a Black Republican element in cbaracteiB of light, and darkness, too. " There is a boot and shoe store in this city composed eotirely of Eastern, men, who are so notoriously "rotten on the goose," that the house is known as the Black Republican Boot and Shoe Establishment. The head of this concern is engaged in a separate business in Boston, is at the present time a Senator in the Massachu setts General Assembly and delegate to the Chi cago- Convention, and it is generally, understood that he advocates strongly the nomination of Seward for the Presidency. Well, this firm has a enstomer residing in the State of Missouri, who lately passed through here on his way South with negroes, and not - calling oa the members they became suspicious that be was absconding and intended to defraud thens out of a small debt. They accordingly despatched an agent after the deMor tn all haste, and with the proverbial neatness of a'Yaukee after money,' he "overhauled him at Memphis, and without asking for pay meat of the debt, beforehand, immediately took possession of the slaves by Virtue of a writ of auacument. The owner having no funds to discharge the debt, one of the negroes was put up .uipD, aaa Knocked down to a trader for the round sum of thirteen hundred dollar. This amount satisfied th 1W snt ik. .Mnf rm. turned home with his monev: and Ba dfln)Or. ceivea we commeuaatious of his employers Tor his energy, &cw . , ... '. . ' ' . . F , V Thai is the developed character of a. iar?e number of the freedom shriekers of Yankeedom. If thej are po going to lose anything,, they will ttcai a aegrpj u uej are la that danger they vui ten ma Mr. Halstead, Editor of the Cincinnati Commercial, the most efficient Black Republican pa per ia the West, went to the Charleston Conven, tion as tbe correspondent of the Commercial. From two of his letters, we subjoin extracts.- He was quite "surprised" to see such evidences of civilization . and progress in the Southern States. What queer ideas' the Black Republicans must have of the condition of the South ern country and people! When they go South and see for themselves, they soon find out that they have been most egregiously decieved, and that they have in turn decieved others. The stupendous misrepresentation of the South by the Black Republicans is unparalleled in the his tory of the world. We present the following views from the letters of four visitors to tfce late Charleston Democratic Convention the first from Mr. Halstkd to the Cincinnati Commercial; the second' from Mr. Houcx, (an Ohio delegate) to the Dayton Empire-, the third from Hon. S. S. Cox, to the Ohio Stoics man; and the fourth from Mr. Woods, (a delegate) to his paper, the'Ohio Patriot-. ' Correspondecne of the Cincinnati Commercial. Keal Condition of the Sonth TheFlourishing- Condition of the Sonth The Beauties of Charleston The Hard drinking', &o., &c., Condition of the Charleston Slaves Slavery, and How to Let it Alone. . ' The usual idea of northern people about the poverty of the Sooth, and the cruel treatment of slaves, is erroneous. There are many evidences in the Southern States of wealth, comfort, and refinement, and of attention to the duties of hu manity. Northern farmers would be surprised to see southern fences in such excellent repair, southern fields so clean, young orchards and vineyards coming forwards,: fat cattle in the pas. tures, and fine horses under the saddle or attached to handsome equipages. Northern railroad men would be surprised in becoming acquainted with the triumphs of engineering in the con. struction of southern railroads, the beauty and stability of the depots aud the completeness of the rolling stock, no less than at the extremely eisurejy style of traveling. The people of our northern interior towBS, Indianapolis, Columbus, Dayton, Springfield, Hamilton, &c, &c, would be surprised at the evidences of business energy and thrift in such places as Nashville, Chattanooga, Atlanta, and - Augusta. And most Cin cinnatians, who have been accustomed to think of Charleston as a place dead in the shell, not only old but worn but, dilapidated and periabiDg, would be snprised exceedingly at the reality, and : they may not be ready to believe "me when I say 1 that it is in many respects superior to Cincinnati itself. ; This superiority is not in dimensions for it is not more than half as large, nor in wealth, for it is not so wealthy, but there is an ap pearance of durability in things here, and symptom j. of good publio taste most satisfactory. The publio buildings are numerous and elegant. There are a great number of splendid old churches, abounding in costly and curious things. The hotels are equal to ours" in numbers and ca. pacity. There is nothing equal to the Burnet House in architecture,' but there are half a dozen extensive and well ordered homes for the traveler and the way they are carpeted, and oil-clothed, aud painted, is comfortable and tasteful. . The beds are clean and white, and give not a sign, so far as our observation has extended, of bugs. The public halls, Hibernia, and others, roomy and elegant, indicate an enviable degree of public spirit. The streets are ad mirably paved, chiefly wiih boulders, as in Cincinnati, but in places with blocks of granite, and they are kept well cleaned. The church bells, instead of being, as with us, a source ofdiseord, are made to discourse positive music. I have heretofore spoken of the silver toned eloquence of the chimes. The guard bouse here, instead of being a miserable pen, as with us, is : a large building, in Doric style, standing on a corner of one of the principal streets. One of bur Western delegates looked at it with admiration for some time, and seeing a man in "sojer clothes" stalking up and down on the granite pavement in front, with shouldered musket and fixed bayonet, asked him what hotel that was? The official grinned at the idea of mounting guard in front of a hotel, and told him to get into a row, and he would soon find out. There is a Club House here, three stories high, with white marble front, and sur rounded by a large yard, full of, brilliant shrubbery, with walks of shells, presenting an admirably tasteful appearance. The elegant private residences, instead of being, as with us, scattered, in great part, over the adjoining country, adorn the streets, and the greatest concentration of them is near the battery,' a place which is not equaled in any city in the United States. It is, In fact, a splendid park, well laid out, and kept in perfect order, with, the better part of the city on-one side, the sumptuous residences, embowered in delightful shade trees, on the other the glittering waters of the harbor,' across which you look to see the snowy line of the surf and sand of Sullivan's island. . r V This enchanting spot I have 'mentioned be fore, but 1 ean never giro an" ed equate description of it, as it appears on a pleasant evening, when the fashion of the Gty goes down to look at itself oa foot, on horse back and ia carriages, and to enjoy the sea-breexe. -: v 'v- I have seen a great"3ft&r of hard drinking and some boisterous blackguardism .'here, but Jhose who were guilty of it were, in nearly all cases, visitors. . 4 have seen but four or five of the fast young men of the place. engaged t in destroying taeis mieerauia carcaesep . win. poisonous liquor and the excesses, of fierce intoxication; and I saw but: one drunken maa oa the road from Louisville, to this place. I I am perfectly aware that the Sooth has to atone for a foil share of the national sin, of intemperance -but it is not pe- lculiaily prominent at the publio; places. The I lr ' A. tit i J"i- n v ... - worst onnaers- or we-rpess unnsiera; oeueve thej are styled in dnutin j eociety t;1io' hara I come under my ohserration daring the sessions of the Convention, were northern .mea. It is an impression common in the North and I have shared in it that the m6n" of th South have a habit of hanging about publio places, particu larly drinking places, in unseemly and loaferish style.' I confess I have not seen a large or more worthless looking group of idlers about tha "corners" of places through which I have passed in the South, than I remember to have seen in the North. Sunday is the slave's holiday here, and the swarm of oolored population that appears upon the streets on this day is something won derfuL It would seem that the white folks remained at home to take care of things, while the negroes dressed up and sauntered abroad. The negroes do an immense amount of churchgoing. and they all appear to have decent and, some of them, elegant suits of "Sunday go to meetin' clothes." A great many of them are very comical in appearance when dressed up, and judging from their countenance aud general style of proceeding, I should say they felt as good as possible. The genuine African women are devoted to turbans. They bandage, their heads quite artistically with" cotton handkerchiefs of great size, and made luminous with: red, white and yellow stripes. The "yellow pine" stock, however, has a taste for fantastic bonnets, and the more fuss and feathers by which they are surmounted the better. Of the children, that swarm upon the streets, far the greater portion are colored, black or yellow perhaps one fourth of them having an infusion of white blood, f On week days the little darkies are not particularly clean, but on Sundays their faces shine, showing the religious application of soap and water. The slave popu lation of this city seems, so far as I have been able to observe, comfortably clothed, well fed, and contented. . I certainly do not advance this as a justification of the relation of slavery; but I do state it, as showing that the condition of the slaves is not by any means so intolerable as to require or excuse interferenco with it by outsiders, whose process of emancipation involves house-burning and assassination. While we for bid the use of the Federal -Government for the propagandise! of slavery, we may safely leave the institution itself, as one of the problems which are to be worked out through tie ages, by the races in the sections whose destiny it over shadows. We tee it when at home, in its worst phases. It is thrust before us in the -painful fugitive: slave cases that harrow up oar feelings, in the displays of passion along a border irritated by troubles connected with "peculiar property," in the affected devotion to manifest wrongs of tenth rate demagogues, thirsty Jr political distinction ad official place; ctnd i the unde sirable emigration .poured vpon v from tei plantationai and (hen ; ve.jartCl ledjby the pretensions and cant of a shallow pliitanUiropy, which refuses to address, itself to the miserable objects a t home, and finds expression in unchari table refections about things abroad, of the in- L terior facts of which it has only sufficient know ledge to inflame its sensibilities and smother reason, and to make its real ignorance the more dangerous. : : ' .;. . - -".--.. ' . The negro galleries were the portion of the churches best filled, and the colored people were intent npon getting all they cofild out of the Spoken word. People who imagine slaves to be starved and ragged creatures : would be amazed at the full fed sleek cess, and the gloss of broad cloth and silk among the "property" that ap peared in the galleries. The negroes swarm out oa Suaday ia preposterous numbers. They are thicker than flies, and these are sufficiently numerous: here just now. On other days there axe only a few to be 'seen. But Suaday is their holiday, and they come forth in swarms, all neatly and some elegantly dressed, and all in high spirits. They take, the . sidewalks completely. A good many of the North ern delegates and outsiders stare with big eyes at the manoeuvers of the darkeys hereabout, and some of them will go home with a rare stock of stories to tell of observations of the peculiar institution. Nearly every white baby has alub erly young-negress lor a nurse, and the contrast between the fairness of the little thing and the nurse who carries it about, and hugs and fondles it, is too strong for dainty Northern stomachs. You see white children just, beginning to walk tottering about, held by each hand by black young ones a little bigger, who go rolling their eyes at the troops of strangers that make a stir so extraordinary in the streets. The negroes nearly monopolize the market, sell everything from salt pork to molasses candy. Saturday night the negro fishermen lined the sidewalk by the market house, for two squares, exposing for sale strings of the finny tribe. You see negroes going about the town, carrying all manner of things on . their heads. I saw one old fellow whose wool was a little frottj, strolling around with three turkeys, in a shallow basket, sitting on his bead calliog turka-a-a-a" The waiters at the hotels run up stairs with pitchers of water, bottles of Congress water, and even cock-tails, perched on their skulls., I have seen but one building going up in this town and there the ne groes were carrying up the brick and mortar in sections of barrels, which they mood ted upon their top-knots. 4 . 'y-, " ' ' "". ' ' h The Dayton Empire of the 27th April,1 coo- Ums a Terr interestiosr letter from Geo. H. Honck, Esq. one ofjhe Delegates to Charleston, dated, at tha Mills House Charleston, April 21. From it we make the following extrach f ; - TH CHAttACTKaiSTICa 6 THC COUSTBT. The country between Dayton and Washington is so familiar to ; a large portion: of our 'people that any comment upon it-would perhaps bun-interesting Id four readerr,' The"ycbiinrW; bow- ever, between .Washington and Charleston has not been so frequently traveled Over by 1 people from the lliamvYafley;? uniformity in the general appearance of tha soil and timber, all along" the route of the roads' over which I have traveled. -1 have been told a nam ber of times, by' Southern gentlemen that it is not a fair specimen,' 6( lie Southern country, as it certainly did sot realize the ideas J had form ed of the fertility- and beauty of this region of the Republic The soil, with bat occasional and rery few exceptions, Of limited extent, is a light thin clay- sometimes yellow, but generally more the color of ashes and seems to be very much worn. There is a great deal of yellow formation, resembling sand, but which seems rather to be a mixture of sand and clay than either.' At one point on the route East of Florence, in this State South Cardinal there is a large body of white sand, several miles, perhaps, along the line of the road, which, scattered amongst the green pine bushes and grass, looks like snow, occasion ally an acre of ground being covered with it, as with a white mantle. The timber ia almost entirely pine, along the whole route. .There is a variety of this tree that has attracted my attention for its singular beauty, although I have not observed any very large specimens of it. Its foliage is in very large, long and remarkably deep green banches, and far surpass in beauty any ornamental tree we have in Dayton, with perhaps one single and well known exception. I noticed but one piece of timber on the road since leaving the North that resembled our woods at home, and that was not more than a mile in extent. The cypress grows in the bottoms in this State, and attains a great size, it resembles somewhat the statehness of our large red oaks, but the trunk ia much longer and the top not so wide branching. The James River, at Richmond, is very wide and shallow, interspersed with rocks and - islands, and varied ith waterfalls. Richmond seems to be a large and beautiful city, and is surrounded by a pretty 1 and I should think fertile country. I was sur prised at the size and beauty of Petersburg. It la a city almost as large as Dayton, and, judging , from what I could see of it, quite as handsome. Wilmington, in North Carolina, on Cape Fear River, is a large and very flourishing commer cial place, although we could see but little of it in passing. - We there crossed Cape Fear River by ferry and took the railway to Florence. . THE KEGBOES. The first field of negroes I saw were in "Old Virginia." There were some fifteen or twenty in the field, standing quietly with their hoes in their hands as long as the train continued in sight. I have observed them closoly wherever we have stopped, and I have seen but one ragged negro between Washington and Charleston. .They are all well and comfortably clad, and, as Mr. Clay said to Mr. Mendenhall, look "fat and sleek," as well as good humored and happy. Ageutleman residing in North Carolina told me he was about starting North last summer, and told his old negro man he wanted him to fix up and go along with him. "Whar you gwine to, massa?" his man asked him. "To Ohio, Tom." "What! Ohio, Massa! Please God,, massa, don't lake old Tom to Ohio, de aboli tionlsts steal old Tom away from you and let him starve!" Many of them were at work along the road, ballasting, ditching and repairing. It is not a very busy season for out door or field work. TUaPEJfTIJTE AND BESI2T. For miles and miles along the route through North Carolina I noticed the pine trees stripped of a portion of their bark, from within a foot of the ground op to the trunk, sometimes, to the distance of eight or ten feet; I learned that this is the manner in which Turpentine and Resin, the great staples of North Carolina are obtained. . ;'- . - ' " - In the first place, a notch is cut into the tree near the ground large enough to hold perhaps a pint or a quart of fluid. This is done in March, or about this season of the year. The bark is then stripped, or cut, rather, from about one-third of the body of the tree, extending up a foot or two above the notch. The turpentine, in its crude state, passes in a fluid, gummy form into the notch, and is thence dipped np by the negroes every week and taken to the distillery, where the turpentine, ready for the market, is distilled from it, leaving the resin alsoready for sale. At each succeeding season the bark and outer surface of the body of the tree is cut up still higher, and a new supply of gum obtained as before. This process eventually kills the tree, when it is felled, cut up, and put into kiJns,burned,andtar obtained I from it by this operation. A single hand will make from four to six hundred dollars a jeer in this description of work. Motion. - '-The cotton fields I have seen are not at all beautiful.' Indeed,: there is nothing yet to make them so, as the cotton in some of them is not yet up, and in others jast beginning to be visible. Bat the fields are very much interspersed with tall, charred pine stumps, many low and of ordinary size, but the greater number from ten to fifteen feet high. The cotton is drilled in rows about four feet apart. The rows are straight as a die across fields containing sixty eighty or a hundred acres. The time for "thinning out" has not yet arrived, -' -""-.-':;..' BICE. ' The first and only rice fields I have seen are across the Cape Fear River from Wilmington, and are several miles in extent. The soil is low, flat and rich. The whole surface is intersected by ditches about two feet deep and the same width, and at one end of -the. bottom or fields there is a head gate, through which, at the pop-er season of. the year,, the whole surface is over, flowed. When' tke .water has been " on it for a sufficient length of time, it is drawn off through the ditches. Thq rice is. drilled .in rows about fifteen inches apart, and is now about as high as eats ia with usj (some two inches) and very much resembles tbat grain at this stage of its growth , CHA.BI.E8T03. , . I have not taken an opportnnity to look about the city yet everything, however, r'that I ' have seen,' resenU' tbe tnost attractive and agreeable appearance. The trees 'are in full, foliSge' and tuere are many large ana very nanasome cues.- This Hotel u an elegant one, well furnished, and I think - well .kept. The dining-room servants are all white, the house servants - negroes. Ia tasteful decorations of parlcrtt iind, dinieg-rooms itls follf equal to Vha' 6r-V "C''i hotelaia the North. -It ia not rery -f Vliob evlarje in crease of guests is expt . J by to day aci t night's arriTals. I think, under all the circumstances, few gentlemen will have any reason to complain of ocr accommodations here. Hon. S." S. Cox wrote an interesting letter from Charleston to the . Ohio Statesman, from which we select what follows : ; Correspondence of the Statesman. Travel to Charleston Scene of the City African Church Guard House. ' - Chablestok, April 26, 1860. Dear Colosel: I do not think there is any one who objects to my taking this pleasant little recreation, down to the sunny South. I have never been in a Slave State, except to look into the edges of Kentuck) and to travel over Maryland and Virginia to Washington. I have been to Cuba. - But I longed to see something of our own Southern countrr. No one can understand this city, State and region except by personal observation. If I had the inclination and leisure I could make you many pictures of Southern life here that would instruct and astonish. ' I came down after a thirty-six hours' travel from Washington, with a large lot of Delegates. Ohio, Wisconsin. Indiana, Illinois, Rhode Island and New York Delegates were plentiful on our train. A royal set of men they were. For a long time, after leaving Petersburg, Va., we saw nothing but pine trees aud sterile soil. A few groceries a few cows with burrs on their backs a few lazy negroes lolling in the sun a few tar and turpentine . establishments in the piney woods, was all that relieved the monotony of the pine woods and poor soil. These pine trees were repeated with endless iteration. Some of the trees were peeled. Some are notched and have bowls in them to hold the sap. The fresh hacks on the new trees at their base, indicate the first draught of the sap. But I have not time to go into these details. As we neared Charleston on Saturday night we saw on either side of us great luxuriant forests of abundant growth. The water oak was conspicuous for its size. From its branches as, indeed, from most of the other trees long moss streamers hung pendant, like fluttering pennons of crape. The forests seemed in mourning for the famished and dead soil. The city of Charleston is on a tongue of land, between two fine rivers. For several miles before we reached the city, the scenery changed into beautiful gardens and fine country seats. Some of our Wisconsin friends bad traveled part of their journey on snow shoes t You can imagine their delight as the rose bushes appeared, liveried in red and white! How they threw np their hands like "gushing children of nature" as the gessamine and magnolia appeared to bless the air with perfume and please : the eye with beauty 1 '. ...-JatoppejLjsVO - North western, head-quarters. They were tr.ui-ming full of Douglas. Douglas was the topic, toast and talk of the city. Payne, Grijwold, Smythe, Pogh and the rest were here. They had insisted on my coming down for ornament, I suppose. Not being a Delegate, I was of no special use. I had little lime to spend with them. An. old class mate, who lives here, soon hurried me off to his father's pleasant home in the heart! of the city, where ! have been enjoying the "domestic institution" in the happiest way and from the moat cordial of friends. Twelve years of separation from an old room-mate, was calculated to make the greeting warm and the enjoyment beyond words. These friends are of Rhode Island origin,' but they have lived here forty years. They have slaves; but no one could observe that any relation but that of the most devoted kindness existed between the master and mistress and their servants. Thi! remark does not express fully the complete and perfect devotion between them. Besides, it is so entirely mutual as to make it a marvel. On Sunday I went, with Gov. Bar a tow of Wisconsin, and others, under the guidance of my friend, to the African church. It is as large as three of the Town street Methodist church in Columbus. It was elegant in its decoration. The body of the church seated some three thou sand colored persons. They were mostly the fine glossy Congo, upon whose unmixzd darkness no ray of Jight appeared, except the 'clear obscure which silvers the blackest shoe of the prettiest polish.. The eyes and teeth I make special mention of as having the finest contrast in their snowy whiteness I How neatly they dress. The whites in this city do not equal them in their apparel. If is no wonder, when ! find on the "list of tax payers, paid by persons of color" property owned by them of various sums, from $5,000 up to $25,000; and some even so high as $33,000, and $41,575 ! How primly they sit down, unfold their neat handkerchiefs,and bring out their psalm books ! What a quiet and orderly hush is here. It is only broken by the less decorous white folks, who go up into the gal leries. Among the habitual attendants upon the church whicb ia Presbyterian are some of the principal families of this city. But they sit in the galleries. Cheever don't encourage such ad mixtures in his hypocritical sanctuary. But here, there is the kindest recognition of the religious relations which all observe and have the right to observe, without exclusion. A similar observation made by me, once at St. Peter's in Rome, has often been distorted and misunder stood by the, demagogical pudding heads, who have commented upon it. The services here are by a white pastor. He is a gentleman, of floe culture, good elocution. . He is listened to with patient and eager ' attention. The singing was superb. , Every one of these untutored (?) slaves of the Sooth, had a by mo book, and supg from it with a gusto which betrayed theAfrican love of music, a no tunes were ot tne gooq oia fietno dist land. They rung through the big : building with a melody which was not lost in the immense volume of sound.' '- ' ; ' Our Wisconsin friends thought that if the Republicans of tlelr'and. my . Ticinage . could see this s'ceneyther would lose "something of their inconsiderate prejudice against the condition of the colored people ia this aecbon of the coun try;" What a eoatr&et to the free blacks of the North ! -. - ,: " I could aive too a chaoter on mv cleasaut vtait 19 uie iaery cere, wnicn u soaaea Beautifully and is a great resort for pedestrians and carriages. Tha prospect from it toward Sullivan's Island and the sea, where the historio foot which Jasper defended stands prominent iathe view, is very refreshing and pleasing. It is so especially on a hot day. My visit to the Military Institute, the Orphan Asylum, the rice mills, the cotton warehouses, the steamships, the country seats under the kind direction of my host are pleasant to think of and would be more Sot) write about to my friends. . - Last night I went to the G uard House. I found np stairs fifty policemen asleep on their iron bedsteads. A hundred stand of loaded arms were near. The horses below in the yard, were ready for the mounted police at a moment's warning. At the hour often, the great bell rang over the city. It was the signal lor the blacks to go in go home. It rang fifteen minutes. Then ten minutes of grace are given by drum and fife. This is repeated at the upper end of the city. Then you might see the colored persontravel. The delegates and strangers soon notice this fact. It leaps into language. A 'yaller gal" is scraping gravel in a hurry delegate loquitur, "Go it, colored individual 1 " A patriarctal African hobbles along to his home and touches his hat politely to the eager gazing stranger, who watches hislncreased locomotion, with considerable satisfaction. Away they go, picannina and all ; for if they are out, when the drum ceases, the inexorable Guardsman has his hand in their wool and off they go for a night in the Guard House! From a letter ef Mr. Thoa. S. Woods, editor of the New Lisbon O. Patriot, to his paper, wo extract the following: Charleston S. C, April 29, 1860. ' There are a number of finely built churches here, and on every Sabbath full of as devout wor shippers as we have at borne. Our Northern Abolitionists would be astonished at the quantity of religion exhibited by the slave owners of this ancient city. 1 was at an Episcopal church this morningwhere, after going through the service, I heard an excellect sermon of just twenty-five minntes duration my length exactly. The sub ject was exhausted without exhausting the audi ence as the hour inflictions do. The church is two hundred years old, and the internal arrange ments the same as when first erected. It is a quaint looking old thing, and very uncomforta ble. The seats were made. for generations that have passed away, and are ill fitted for the weak- backed race of the t re sent dar. The naves of 0 ww w r n a uayne ana Vamoun are in u.e yara aciojusg this church. Talking cf churches reminds me of ladies. -1 Convention La tie ciirctA, a-i ca ta and I have yet to see the first good locking woman. Thy dress well, but are. decided! plain. I suppose, however, they compensate for lack of beauty by the number of their niggers and riches of their estates. I was at a slave auction one day last week.- One old crazy woman sold for seventy dollars. She was in fact an object of charity, and it looked to me a mercy for some one to buy her and take care of her. A nigger boy, tort years old, sold for seven hundred and fifty dollars. , The sales were not very brisk. There was a large crowd present, but'mostly composed of Northern men, who were there from curiosity. The nig gers seemed well enough contented, and were waiting for buyers with about the same anxiety that would be found among servants at a Northern intelligence office. They are well fed and taken care of, and sure not to be abused. The are for Bale, and of course are made to look as well as possible. Several families were in the mart. : I asked the broker about tBe manner of selling them, and he said they made it a rule never to sell families apart; that a dealer that would separate them would steal, and that even if inclined to do so, it would be. "bad policy, because the niggers would be discontented, and not uo wen. The weather, except last Sunday and Monday, has been favorable to us of the North. To-day it is as cold as the. day I left home. I was at Presbyterian ni?ger church this afternoon. It is a mammoth brick on Calhoun street. Abe congregation commenced assembling at half past three, and continued toaireaea in until half an hour after the service commenced, at four. It is a church common fur the slaves and their masters. The niggers occupy the seats in front of the pulpit clear back, and about half the back ones on the right and left. The white people take the ones on the right and left of the pulpit irout, and the two large side galleries. The nipgers came in aud took their seats in an orderly manner, and the religious ones, 11 supposed,) immediately on eomiogin. knelt down for a momeut. They were all well dressed, clean looking, and of pure blood. A great many of the men wore kid gloves and pat- eut leather boots, and the women were dressed at the top of the fashion. The old weuchea came in plain calico, and with yellow bandanas on their beads presenting the appearance of a sugar loaf. The bouse was crowded with citizens and strangers and negroes. I suppose there were two thousand persons present, and two mira oi mem were coiorea people, . x ne samo proporilion of black aud white ia a Northern, town would soon kick up a rockery. The preacher' was a fine looking young man about thirty years of age. He read the fayma and started the tune himself, and thea lined. A few blacks had hymn books. ; The sermon appeared to have been prepared in view of the Convention. I did not bear it all, as drowsiness kept strvi'trlicg for the mastery over me." In the interval. I got Moonligh t on the banks," -sonlIj:ht on the sea," "Niagara," "mountains.. . Wiic," lowers, and heaps of highfallutia. The sermon ever. a collection was taken op the blacks asd whiten eontribnting separately. Wheo'tfce beaedictloa bad bean pronounced, the most delightful muslo burst on' my ears I ever heard ia my Uf 1 Ik seemed to come out of the skies, I felt in aa enchantment, and could scarcely believe my tj when I awoke from' my momentary dream ati saw the whites leaving and the negroes sltit j a melody of their own, wub the xausictl v;Iv ana gusaing soul ot earnest regions taiurea . I u thrilled with emotion, and tier -it." Good Heavens! if these slaves have the manhood crushed out of them, where are tie t'-trs ihit haYe any manhood in them? - If t.ere be happy, thankful and religious nigtrs ia lie wor;j, they are the slaves of Cb&rlestsa. ,