Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is the rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), primarily oleate (18:1; a physiologically significant omega-9 fatty acid) and palmitoleate (16:1). These two monounsaturated fatty acids represent the majority of monounsaturated fatty acids present in membrane phospholipids, triglycerides, and cholesterol esters. The expression of SCD is under the control of the transcription factor ChREBP as discussed above. The ratio of saturated to monounsaturated fatty acids in membrane phospholipids is critical to normal cellular function and alterations in this ratio have been correlated with diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Thus, regulation of the expression and activity of SCD has important physiological significance.

Physiological and pathophysiological significance is associated with the activities of D5D and D6D. The activity of D6D requires pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, derived from
vitamin B
6
), Mg
2+
, and Zn
2+
ions and its activity is, therefore, affected by nutritional status. Both of D5D and D6D exhibit reduced and inhibited activity in conditions associated with hyperglycemia such as is typical of type 2 diabetes. Additional factors impairing D5D and D6D activity include alcohol consumption, hypercholesterolemia, and the processes of aging. Conversely, normal insulin responsiveness results in increased D5D and D6D activity as does a caloric restriction diet.

The electrons transferred from the oxidized fatty acids during desaturation are transferred from the desaturases to cytochrome b
5
and then NADH-cytochrome b
5
reductase. These electrons are uncoupled from mitochondrial oxidative-phosphorylation and, therefore, do not yield ATP.

Since these enzymes cannot introduce sites of unsaturation beyond C9 they cannot synthesize either linoleate (18:2
Δ9,12
) or linolenate (18:3
Δ9,12,15
). These fatty acids must be acquired from the diet and are, therefore, referred to as
essential fatty acids
. Linoleic is especially important in that it required for the synthesis of arachidonic acid. Arachindonate is a precursor for the
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(the prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes). It is this role of fatty acids in eicosanoid synthesis that leads to poor growth, wound healing and dermatitis in persons on fat free diets. Also, linoleic acid is a constituent of epidermal cell
sphingolipids
that function as the skins' water permeability barrier.

Welcome

The University of Utah has formal, reciprocal agreements with a number of overseas institutions. With these bilateral student exchange partners, we both send and receive students each year. The information below is designed to assist our partner institutions and their coordinators in advising future incoming exchange students to the University of Utah!

Application

Incoming Exchange Students

Each year, the University of Utah hosts exchange students from our international partner institutions for one semester or for a full year. Only students who are currently studying at one of our partner institutions are eligible for this program. A list of current exchange partners is available on our website.

Students who would like to attend the U and earn academic credits should review the following information before submitting an application:

Step 1: Official Nomination

Students: Contact your international office to determine if an exchange partnership exists between your home institution and the University of Utah. You must be nominated as an exchange student before you are eligible to apply. You should also discuss whether or not studying at the University of Utah is a good fit for your academic and professional goals.

Exchange Coordinators: Please speak with your student about the application process and requirements for participation at your institution. We also recommend confirming that the student will be able to meet the admissions requirements for University of Utah exchange students. Once you are prepared to nominate the student, contact the
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via email to confirm the number of exchange spaces available and to nominate student(s) each semester. Please provide the name(s) of the student(s) you wish to nominate as well as their email address, gender, major/intended coursework, date of birth (in Month/Day/Year format), and the intended term of study.

Nomination Deadlines

Step 2: Prepare Your Application and Supporting Documents

Nominated students scan and upload following into their online application ):

Students: In addition to uploading these materials, your application also includes questionnaires signature documents. Please ensure that your application is complete before the application deadline. We cannot guarantee that late applicants will be accepted to the University.

Exchange Coordinators: Please ensure that all applications are complete prior to the application deadline. We cannot guarantee that late applicants will be accepted to the University.

Application Deadlines

Step 3: Prepare for Your Exchange Student Experience

Once accepted into the University of Utah, the Exchange Team will email/mail the the student(s) important information about completing the online housing application, registering for classes, arriving in Salt Lake City, etc.

Academic Calendar

Fall Semester: August - DecemberSpring Semester: January - May

For exact dates for upcoming semesters, click .

Accommodations

Housing

All exchange students are required to live on campus. The Exchange Team reserves space for exchange students according to the preferences given in exchange applications. To guarantee a reserved room, exchange students must complete their exchange application by the deadline.

Instructions on how to complete a housing application are included in student's acceptance packet from the Learning Abroad Exchange Team. More information about accommodations can be found
here
.

Health Insurance

The University of Utah wants to ensure that international students are fully covered by adequate health insurance while in the U.S. For this reason, all international students on F and J visas will automatically be enrolled in the University of Utah Student Health Insurance Plan administered by United Healthcare. The cost for this insurance will be included as a separate item in students'tuition bill. StudentsMUST PAY for this insurance by the tuition due day or a registration hold will prevent themfrom registering for future semesters. More information can be found on the Student Health Center page here:
http://studenthealth.utah.edu
/. Click on links under the International Students tab. Full policy information can also be found at
www.uhcsr.com/utah
. Note that rates are subject to change.

Orientation

Exchange Student Orientation

One week before classes begin, the University of Utah offers orientation programs for all incoming international students. Workshops and sessions during orientation will cover course registration, visa regulations, benefits, and cultural issues. The program will also focus on university procedures, rules and regulations. A social activity and campus tour will be included as part of orientation.

Transcripts

University of Utah Outgoing Students

Once University of Utah students have completed their study at a host institution, the exchange coordinator at this institution should mail the student's transcript to the Learning Abroad Office at the University of Utah:

At the end of a student's exchange program, the Exchange Team will mail one official transcript to each student's home institution. This process may take about 1-2 months. If you have any questions about this process, you may write the
Exchange Team
.

Yet, that only fills one immediate hole that the Islanders need to address. The 2009 Hockey Hall of Fame inductee and three-time Stanley Cup champion in Lamoriello will look to begin searching for New York’s 17th head coach in team history, immediately.

There are a few notable names that come to mind who could be the Isles’ newest voice behind their bench next season such as Dan Byslma, Lindy Ruff, Scott Stevens, Darryl Sutter, Jacques Martin and Michel Therrien. However, there’s another familiar name and face that could find his way back behind an NHL bench in the New York market.

For starters, he’d be
a major upgrade from
at least New York’s past seven out of eight coaches that have been hired. Vigneault, 57, has a career coaching record of 648-435-35-98 and he’s currently tied with Paul Maurice of the Winnipeg Jets for 10th place in all-time wins for NHL head coaches.

In his 16 years of coaching at the NHL level, he’s only finished with a losing record twice, which both came during his first four NHL seasons during his days with the Montreal Canadiens (1998-99 2000-01). His resume speaks for himself and should be appealing to the Orange and Blue for a number of reasons.

Since 2010-11, the Quebec City native has coached teams from both the Western and Eastern Conference to Stanley Cup Final appearances. He’s proven that he can bring stability and accountability in order to help change a team’s culture. His experiences in the playoffs, good or bad, would be a key asset to an Islanders team that was only able to win one Stanley Cup Playoff series with (current) team captain
John Tavares
from 2009 until the present day.

Vigneault’s 226 career wins with the New York Rangers (2013-2018) placed him third all-time in Rangers history, and his winning percentage of .508% with the Broadway Blueshirts was good enough to place him fifth all-time in Rangers history. Keep in mind that the Original Six’ franchise origins go back much further than the Islanders’ does.