Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people,dispenser of India's destiny.Thy name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat & Maratha.Of the Dravida, Orissa and Bengal.It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas,mingles in the music of Yamuna and Ganga,and is chanted by the waves of the Indian Sea.They hail thy name.They pray for thy blessingsand sing thy praise.The welfare of all people waits in thy hand,thou dispenser of India's destiny.Victory, victory, victoryVictory, victory, victory to thee.

Who hath said thou art weak in thy lands When the sword flesh out in the seventy million hands And seventy million voices roar Thy dreadful name from shore to shore? With many strengths who art mighty and stored, To thee I call Mother and Lord! Though who savest, arise and save! To her I cry who ever her foeman drove Back from plain and Sea And shook herself free.

The Lotus or the Water Lily is an aquatic plant with broad floating green leaves and bright fragrant flowers that grow only in shallow waters. Based on the color of its flower, it is divided into two types, the red lotus flower and the white lotus flower. The beautiful flowers float and have many petals overlapping in a symmetrical pattern. Lotuses, prized for their serene beauty, are delightful to behold as their blossoms open on the surface of a pond.

National Animal

Tiger

i dont know why the people r thinking to change our national animal make cow our national animal

The Tiger is India's National Animal. It is a royal looking animal known for its magnificence, grace, power and its agility. This large Asiatic carnivorous feline quadruped, Panthera Tigris is maneless, of tawny yellow color with blackish transverse stripes and a white belly .

There are very few tigers left in the world today. World tiger census figures stand at 5000 to 7000, out of which the Indian subspecies including Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, China and Myanmar claim 3000 to 4500. The Indian figures hover between 2500 to 3750. (Source : Free Press Journal)

A decade ago the tiger population in India had dwindled to a few hundreds. The Government of India, under its "Project Tiger" program which was launched in April 1973, started a massive effort to preserve the tiger population. Today, thanks to Project Tiger, India's population of tigers is in a comfortable position. The project is now come under scrutiny. Many conservationists are of the opinion that unless the Project Tiger is critically reviewed and analysed at this juncture to make it more 'tiger friendly'. ( Source : Free Press Journal)

The Indian National Emblem

The State emblem is an adaptation from the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka. In the original, there are four lions, standing back to back, mounted on an abacus with a frieze carrying sculptures in high relief of an elephant, a galloping horse, a bull and a lion separated by intervening wheels over a bell-shaped lotus. Carved out of a single block of polished sandstone, the capital is crowned by the Wheel of the Law -"Dharma Chakra".

In the State emblem, adopted by the Government of India on 26 January 1950,only three lions are visible, the fourth being hidden from view. The wheel appears in relief in the center of the abacus with a bull on right and a horse on left and the outlines of other wheels on extreme right and left. The bell-shaped lotus has been omitted. The words Satyameva Jayate from Mundaka Upanishad, meaning 'Truth Alone Triumphs', are inscribed below the abacus in Devanagari script.

The Indian National Bird : Peacock

It is a colorful, swan-sized bird, with a fan-shaped crest of feathers, a white patch under the eye and a long, slender neck. The male of the species is more colorful than the female, with a glistening blue breast and neck and a spectacular bronze-green train of around 200 elongated feathers. The female is brownish, slightly smaller than the male, and lacks the train. The elaborate courtship dance of the male, fanning out the tail and preening its feathers, is a gorgeous sight.

The peacock is widely found in the Indian sub-continent from the south and east of the Indus river, Jammu and Kashmir, east Assam, south Mizoram and the whole of the Indian peninsula. Peacocks are related to pheasants. Found wild in India (and also domesticated in villages) they live in jungle lands near water.

They were once bred for food but now hunting of peacocks is banned in India. The Peacock enjoys protection from the people as it is never molested for religious and sentimental reasons. It is fully protected under the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

Some Indian languages have evolved from the Indo-European group of languages. This set is known as the Indic group of languages. The other set of languages are Dravidian and are native to South India, though a distinct influence of Sanskrit and Hindi is evident in these languages. Most of the Indian languages have their own script and are spoken in the respective states along with English.

Hindi is spoken as a mother tongue by about 40.22 percent of the population, mainly in the area known as the Hindi belt comprising Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. It is the official language of the Indian Union, of the four states mentioned above, and of two other states namely, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh.

Assamese is the state language of Assam and is spoken by nearly 60 percent of the State's population. The origin of this language dates back to the 13th century.

Bengali is spoken by nearly 200 million people in the world- in West Bengal and in Bangladesh. It developed as a language in the 13th century and is the official state language of the eastern state of West Bengal.

Gujarati is the state language of Gujarat and is spoken by 70 percent of the State's population. It is Indic in origin and branched out from the Indo-European group of languages.

Kannada is the State language of Karnataka and is spoken by 65 percent of the state's population.

Kashmiri is a language written in both Persio-Arabic and Devnagri script and is spoken by 55 percent of the population of Jammu and Kashmir.

Konkani, principally based on classical Sanskrit, belongs to the southwestern branch of Indo-Aryan languages. It is spoken in the Konkan region covering Goa and parts of the coastal regions of Karnataka, Kerala and Maharashtra.

Malayalam is a Dravidian language, spoken by the people of Kerala. It is an ancient language and is thousands of years old.

Marathi is an Indian language dating back to the 13th century. It is the official language of the state of Maharashtra.

Oriya, the state language of Orissa is spoken by nearly 87 percent of its population.

Punjabi is an Indic language and is spoken in the state of Punjab. Although based on the Devnagri script, it is written in a 16th century script called Gurumukhi, created by the Sikh Guru, Angad.

Sanskrit is one of the oldest languages of the world and also the language of classical India. All the classical literature and the Indian epics have been written in this language.

Sindhi is spoken by a great number of people in the North-west frontier of the Indian sub-continent comprising parts of India and Pakistan. In Pakistan, the language is written in the Perso-Arabic script, while in India it uses the Devnagri script.

Tamil, an ancient Dravidian language is at least 2000 years old. It is the state language of Tamil Nadu and is spoken by at least 65 million people.

Telugu is also a south Indian language and is the spoken by the people of Andhra Pradesh.

Urdu is the state language of Jammu and Kashmir and it evolved with Hindi in the capital of India, Delhi. Urdu is the language adopted by the majority of the Muslims in India. Urdu is written in the Persio-Arabic script and contains many words from the Persian language. Wonderful poetry is read and written in this language.

Our Currency

Indian Money

What is the Indian currency called?The Indian currency is called the Indian Rupee (INR) and the coins are called paise. One Rupee consists of 100 paise. The word Rupee came from the Sanskrit word "raupya" which means silver coin.

Indian Coins : Paise

10 paise25 Paise50 Paise

1 Rupee coin2 Rupee coin5 Rupee coin

Indian notes :Rupees

One Rupee

Two Rupees

5 Rupees

10 Rupees

20 Rupees

50 Rupees

100 Rupees

500 Rupees

1000 Rupees

National Game of India

Hockey is the National Game of India. Hockey has been played in India for time immemorial. There was a golden period of Indian hockey when hockey stalwarts of India ruled the game. On the international scenario there were no competitors to match the magical hands of Indian hockey players. The might and power of Indian hockey made India synonymous with the game. Unmatched excellence and incomparable talent of Indian players became folklore. The ball-juggling feats of players like Major Dhyanchand made people to think that Indian players used some kind of black magic.The Golden Era of hockey in India was the period from 1928 - 1956 when India won 6 successive gold medals in the Olympic Games.

National Fruit of India

Mango (Mangifera Indica) is the National fruit of India. Mango is one of the most widely grown fruits of the tropical countries. In India, mango is cultivated almost in all parts, with the exception of hilly areas. Mango is a rich source of Vitamins A, C and D. In India, we have hundreds of varieties of mangoes. They are of different sizes, shapes and colors. Mangoes have been cultivated in India since time immemorial. Even in our mythology and history there are stories of mangoes- the famous Indian poet Kalidasa sang its praise. Alexander the great, along with Hieun Tsang savored the taste of mangoes. The great Mughal king, Akbar is said to have planted over 100,000 mango trees in Darbhanga (modern Bihar). The mango is eaten ripe and is also used for pickles.

National Tree of India

Banyan is the National tree of India. The mighty banyan tree commands a great presence in the rural setting of India. The very size of the banyan tree makes it ahabitatfor a large number of creatures. For centuries the banyan tree has been a central point for the village communities of India.

The banyan tree is massive not only from outside but it also sends new shoots from its roots, making the tree a tangle of branches, roots and trunks. The banyan tree towers magnificently over its neighbors and has the widest reaching roots of all known trees, covering several acres. The life of banyan tree is very long and is thought of as an immortal tree.

Because of its huge size, the banyan tree acts as a good shield and protects the rural folk from the hot sun. Even to this day the banyan tree has remained the focal point and gathering place village councils and meetings. It is due to these qualities, the banyan tree is considered sacred and honored.

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