SUBSTANCE: conversion method of falling water energy to electric energy involves a water turbine and an electric generator, which are connected to each other. The following is arranged along the bed of a mountain river flowing on the mountain slope: horizontal and vertical water passages connected to each other and filled with water flow. Water turbine is arranged inside lower part of a vertical water passage. Water turbine is connected through a special device to electric generator. Electric generator is connected through wires to a consumer of the same energy.

EFFECT: creation of a hydraulic power plant of a new generation, which do not disturb ecological situation of the environment.

2 cl, 2 dwg

The invention relates to the field of energy and can be used in various sectors of the national economy.

Known to the claimed invention at essential features are existing hydropower that converts the energy of flowing water into electrical energy, resulting in rotational movement of the water turbine and an electric generator associated with it.

Closest to the claimed invention at essential features is the Copyright certificate dated may 5, 1991, authors: Eureka ROAD and Eureka D.A. "Water wheel MHD generator comprising a vertical water channel for supplying water to a water turbine.

Known technical solution includes the following features similar to the prototype: vertical water utility, a water turbine, electric generator.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention, includes the creation of new hydroelectric generation does not violate the environmental conditions of the environment.

The problem is solved in that the proposed method convert the energy of falling water into electrical energy is the following: data conversion is carried out using a water turbine and an electric generator connected by means of a special device, wherein the bed of a mountain river, flow is she on the hillside,
posted by horizontal and vertical water utilities, which are interconnected and filled with stream water bed of a mountain river. Inside the lower part of vertical water posted by a water turbine connected through a special arrangement with an electric generator, which is connected through a wire with electricity consumer. This method involves the installation of this type of plant from top to bottom bed of a mountain river - parascale.

In Fig. 1 shows an external view of a hydroelectric power station, front view.

Fig. 2 - section a-a axis of symmetry hydroelectric, side view.

Currently, hydropower plants (HPP) stream of falling water created by the dam, installed across the river, with a dam height from 30 to 100 m or more, while the dam near the river flooded a huge area (territory) of water, breaking, environmental conditions of the territory.

In this way offers a differentiated way to convert the energy of falling water of the mountain river into electrical energy without violating the environment.

The stream of falling water volume of 1 m3(1000 kg) from a height of 30 to 100 m is converted in this way into electric power from 300 kW to 1000 kW, and the flow of falling water volume of 500 m3with a height of 1000 m (differential conversion) parts replacement is no power Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station,
i.e. at 1000 m height 10 hydropower plants with a drop of 100 meters height and a capacity of 500 thousand kW.

During the construction of this type of plant can be used to pipe the oil and gas industry and reinforced concrete pipes of any diameter.

The proposed method is the Way to convert the energy of falling water into electrical energy" (Fig. 1, 2) contains at line 1 mountain rivers horizontal Vodokanal 2 mounted on a support 3, and the vertical channel 4, the horizontal water channel 2 is filled with stream water 5 riverbed mining 1 river, is connected with a vertical water channel 4. In a vertical water channel 4 in the inner lower part, posted by a water turbine 6, connected through a special device 7 to an electric generator 8.

The electric generator 8 is connected by wires 9 with consumers of electrical energy 10.

"Way to convert the energy of falling water into electrical energy" is as follows: the flow of water 5 channel 1 mountain river, flowing in a horizontal water channel 2 and through the vertical water channel 4, falls on the water turbine 6, leading her into rotational motion.

Water turbine 6 via a special device 7 results in rotational movement of the electric generator 8.

The electric generator 8 for generating electrical energy (electric current), transmits it via PR the waters 9 to the consumer of this energy 10.

In the proposed method for filling horizontal and vertical water utilities you can use method of communicating vessels, with water along the entire length must be sealed.

The way to convert the energy of falling water into electrical energy, comprising a water turbine and an electric generator connected, characterized in that along the bed of a mountain river, flowing along the slope, place the horizontal and vertical water utilities, which are interconnected and filled with stream water, while inside the lower part of vertical water place water turbine connected through a special arrangement with an electric generator, which is connected through wires with the consumer of this energy.

SUBSTANCE: device to convert energy of spent water into electric energy comprises a vertical forward-flow channel in the form of a pipe with a hydraulic generator connected to a load in the lower part, in which there is a hydraulic generator screw with blades. The device additionally includes an expanding reservoir, equipped with washing waves, lower and upper air nozzles, providing for accordingly supply of ascending air flow, which additionally rotates the screw blades, and its bleeding. The screw blades have a cone-shaped section, which prevents accumulation of deposits in areas of connection with the shaft. There is a control system, which accumulates and redistributed the produced energy.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic turbine comprises horizontal shaft 4 with curved vanes 5 fitted thereon. Half of said vanes does not interact with flow because they are located inside large seat 2 while vanes interacting with flow have their bulge directed upward. Wall 6 of larger seat 2 opposite shaft 4 changes into flange 8 varying flow direction 12 toward the side opposite the wall of tube 1. This prevents depositions effluents sediments nearby shaft 4 while peripheral part of vanes 5 is self-cleaned due to centrifugal force, its configuration and that of seat 2.

SUBSTANCE: vacuum hydraulic plant comprises a tight chamber 25, where pressure is pulled below atmospheric one, and where water is delivered. In the tight chamber 25 on one rope 17 there are tight cylinders 19 and 9 as capable in their balanced position to displace or charge water volume and spin hydraulic turbines 4 and 21. Hydraulic turbines 4 and 21 with power generators 5 and 20 are installed in an injection and drain pipelines 3 and 22 and installed above a water reservoir 30. For filtration of water at the ends of pipelines 3 and 22 there are meshy filters 23 and 29 arranged. For desalination of sea water or production of steam with its further condensation the tight chamber 25 via the pipeline with the gate valve is connected to a high-pressure ejector. One end of the ejector is connected with a fresh water load via a heat load. The other end of the ejector is serially connected with a source of high-pressure. At the inlet and outlet of the tight chamber 25 there are valves 28 and 24 installed.

EFFECT: invention provides for capability of desalination, filtration, heating or cooling of water.

SUBSTANCE: hydroelectric power plant includes water intake located outside bed of river, main capacity, pressure waterway and waterway of turbines. Along the whole bed of river there arranged is n regulating water reservoirs for water collection, each of which is equipped with a filling channel connected to the river bed and made in upper place as to level and dam with the height of up to upper level, which is made in lower place as to level. Discharge pipeline interconnected with river bed and equipped with a gate valve is installed at lower point of each regulating water reservoir. The main capacity is made in the form of the main water reservoir located below regulating water reservoirs in the section with high level difference and equipped with filling channel connected to the river bed, and dam with height of up to upper level, which are made in upper and lower places respectively as to water level. Pressure waterway is installed downstream as to level of the main water reservoir and made in the form of pressure pipelines with length of not less than 12-15 km depending on river water level difference in order to obtain the required head, which leave the main water reservoir. Pressure pipelines consist of winter pressure pipeline for minimum water flow rate and n summer pressure pipelines for maximum water flow rate. Pressure pipelines are connected to turbine waterway. Hydroelectric power plant also includes compensation water body located at the head level of turbine waterway, which is connected to waterway of turbines and equipped with pump group.

SUBSTANCE: rotor wind hydraulic engine comprises a shaft connected with a disc, between which blades are installed on their axes along the periphery as capable of their rotation inside and outside rotors. Blades are equipped with levers connected with one of discs by means of flexible joints, rotary supports and tensioning devices. In the disc there are holes, flexible rods are pulled via rotary supports and holes downwards, tensioning devices are arranged in the form of weights attached to ends of flexible traction rods, and between weights and surface of the disc there are additionally arranged cocked springs for compression and sliding bushings on flexible traction rods. Weights, springs for compression and sliding bushings at ends of flexible traction rods may be arranged in pipes attached by some ends to the disc, besides, at the other ends of pipes there are adjustment screws that fix initial position of weights.

EFFECT: using a device will ensure higher safety, higher efficiency factor, and also increased range of rotor rotations control as flow speeds vary within wide limits.

SUBSTANCE: at the moment of small hydro-electric station start-up all stages of ballast load are started, when rated frequency of generator 2 rotation is achieved, an asynchronous electric motor of a water supply pump 5 is started with a device of reactive power compensation. At the same time the load is redistributed between the ballast load and the started asynchronous electric motor of the water supply pump 5 with the device of individual compensation of reactive power, therefore voltage at the generator 2 stator changes insignificantly. Then upon completion of a transition process, an electric motor of a vacuum pump 6 is started with a device of individual compensation of reactive power. Upon completion of the transition process, similarly electric motors of the first milk pump 7, the second milk pump 8 and a pump of a milk cooler 9 are started, which, due to low capacity in respect to a generator of the small hydro-electric station, slightly reduce voltage at its leads, and therefore electromagnet torque at all electric motors operating under load practically does not change.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of small hydro-electric station application and improved stability of operation of milking system process equipment.

SUBSTANCE: system of autonomous bridge lighting comprises a hydropower plant connected to a source of light and installed under water and comprising a reactive screw 1, a power generator 2, a planetary multiplier 4, arranged on a single shaft 3 between 1 and the power generator 2, and a garbage-protecting grid 6. The shaft 3 is arranged along a river watercourse. The screw 1, the multiplier 4 and the power generator 2 are installed in a single body 5 with expanded inlet and outlet holes. The grid 6 is installed in front of the screw 3 in the inlet hole of the body 5. The plant is fixed on a bridge support 7 on guides 9 as capable of vertical displacement and fixation. The system comprises a voltage frequency converter 13, connected with the power generator 2 and the light source, and a accumulator 14, connected with the converter 13, and is also equipped with a hoist 10, connected with the body 5. The converter 13, the accumulator 14 and the hoist 10 are installed on a mounting site 11, mounted into the upper part of the bridge support 7.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of a lighting system due to increased speed of river watercourse as it flows around a support and increased frequency of power generator shaft rotation.

SUBSTANCE: run-of-river pumping hydraulic power plant comprises a hollow shaft 1, double-wing blades 20 of sail type, joined with the shaft 1 with the help of carriers 4, displacement pumps of double action. On the axis 4 of double-wing blades 20 there are levers 6, hingedly joined by means of traction bars 8 with a crosspiece 9 at the end of the pump stem. The discharge chamber 16 of pumps by means of pipe sections 17 is hydraulically connected with a hollow shaft 1. Double-wing sail-type blades 20 of durable thick hydrophobic cloth have larger length compared to the axis 5 of blades 20.

SUBSTANCE: mechanism of water flow energy conversion comprises energy receivers arranged on a rigid frame in the form of rectangular planes. These planes are covered with a water-impermeable material. Energy receivers are installed inside a body and are connected to two centres of rotation. One of rotation centres with the help of a crosspiece and a shaft is joined to ends of energy receives via axes. These axes at one side are rigidly connected to ends, and at the other end are joined with a ring. The ring centre of rotation is displaced relative to the crosspiece centre of rotation. The ring is movably joined with a body by means of rollers fixed on body walls. Whenever a ring rotates, energy receivers make circular movements, and angle of their inclination to the flow remains unchanged. Movement against the flow takes place in an air medium.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic power unit comprises a water intake, a discharge water conduit, a turbine and a drive of its generators. The hydraulic power unit water intake is made in the form of an artificial reservoir, which is built near a river. A water intake part of the discharge water conduit is connected to the artificial reservoir, and its upper edge is arranged at the level of or below the deepest natural point of the river bottom in a site of the artificial reservoir. The artificial reservoir is connected to the river by a canal or a water conduit, the bottom of which is made in the same manner at the level of or below the deepest natural point of the river bottom.

EFFECT: invention excludes impact of hydraulic power units and their construction at ecology of rivers and streams, where they are built.

SUBSTANCE: proposed generator plant has frame that mounts power unit, foot-operated air pump, and compressed-air cylinders whose air lines communicate with generator plant. Control panel is electrically connected to output of electric generator vertically installed on generator plant housing and mechanically coupled with exciter and power unit made in the form of vertical-shaft pneumostatic motor. The latter has sealed case with inlet, outlet, and safety valves closed with cover that accommodates vertical rotor mounted in case and cover bearings and made in the form of shaft with two power drives attached thereto by means of U-shaped frames. Power drives are installed on either side of vertical shaft and spaced 180 deg. apart in horizontal plane. Each of them has a number of similar members symmetrically mounted one on top of other, their quantity being dependent of desired power. Each member is essentially rhombic plate made of light-mass and high-strength metal whose longitudinal axis is longest diagonal parallel to that of other power drive. Through ducts are provided on front ends of rhomb and L-shaped blind ducts, on its rear butt-ends. All these ducts are closed with covers kinematically coupled with drive cylinder piston. Compressed air fed to sealed housing opens covers, and unbalanced forces are built up on each member which set power unit in rotary motion. Air evacuation from sealed housing closes covers with the result that no forces are built up on drive members.

SUBSTANCE: device is designed for converting kinetic energy of free flow of water into electric energy. Proposed microhydroelectric station contains hydraulic turbine with horizontal axle of rotation connected with submersed sealed electric generator. Station is provided with carrying frame consisting of sections on ends of which shields are installed to form confuser at inlet of water flow, and diffuser at outlet. Slow speed generator is used as electric generator whose shaft is directly connected with shaft of hydraulic turbine consisting of separate sections mounted on bearing supports. Each section contains one or more blade propulsors displaced through equal angle relative to each other. Each propulsor has two blades pointed in opposite directions being essentially NASA section modified by provision of cavity on lower plane, maximum depth of which being from 10 to 14% of maximum height of section and installed on posts secured on shaft of hydraulic turbine for fixed displacement of blades in radial and angular directions.

SUBSTANCE: device is designed for converting kinetic energy of small and medium rivers into elastic energy. Proposed hydraulic unit contains hydraulic turbine installed on frame with bearings on its shaft, generator mechanically coupled with hydraulic turbine, stream shaper and device in form of plates to protect hydraulic unit from floating debris. Hydraulic unit has intermediate vertically and horizontally installed shafts with bearings interconnected by conical gears. Vertical shaft is arranged in well built near bank and communicating with river by channel made under level of maximum possible thickness of ice cover. Part of horizontal shaft connected with hydraulic turbine is arranged in said channel. Upper end of vertical shaft is connected with generator through ground horizontal shaft and step-up reduction unit. Stream shaper is made in form of flaps installed on shaft for turning to direct water stream of river to its central part between which turnable gate is installed for contacting with one of flaps to direct water stream to right-hand or left-hand side of hydraulic turbine.

SUBSTANCE: plant is designed for generating electric energy and pumping of water. Proposed device contains floating base in form of catamaran with channel between housing of catamaran in which water wheel with blades on its outer surface is mounted, and electric generator mechanically coupled with shaft of water wheel. Diameter of water wheel is less than its length. End faces of water wheel are covered, and front profile of water wheel blades is made to logarithmic spiral. Moreover, plant is furnished with water pump, and drive of electric generator is made in form of step-up harmonic gearing whose flexible gear is coupled with end face of water pump. Output shaft of step-up gearing is aligned with shafts of water wheel and electric generator, being coupled with water pump by step-up belt drive. Drive sheave of step-up belt drive is installed on shaft of electric generator. Controllable clutches are installed on shafts of belt drive.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises converter for converting flow power into kinetic energy of rotation and hydraulic turbines connected in series. The hydraulic turbine is made of hollow load-bearing shaft-cylinder with conical deflectors on the bases. The semi-cylindrical blades are secured to the shaft-cylinder along the generatrix of the cylinder or at an angle to the generatrix. The load-bearing shaft-cylinder is inscribed into the inner ends of the semi-cylindrical blades, and their outer ends tightened by means of rings define multi-blade cylinder provided with variable buoyancy that is controlled by ballast in the hollow section of the shaft-cylinder. The hydraulic turbine can be submerged into water completely or partially and interposed between the bearings and connected with the actuating mechanism through flexible links, clutches, and gearings. The actuating mechanism comprise one or several massive inertia flywheels made of disk or drum or cylinder connected through clutches and gears with the consumer.

SUBSTANCE: proposed hydraulic turbine generators are designed for creating stationary and portable hydraulic plants of modular type. Generators have rotor with central shaft non-rotating around horizontal axis or vertical axis (as version) on which chain drive gears are rigidly fitted, each being coupled through independent chain drive with planet pinion members arranged radially and uniformly around central shaft. Each member has blade reduction gear consisting of gear of chain drive and of large and small cylindrical gears, the latter being coaxial and rigidly coupled with gear of chain drive of blade reduction gear, and large cylindrical gear is rigidly secured on axle of blade installed horizontally for generator (or vertically, as version). Each blade rests by ends of its axle for rotation on brackets secured on hubs by bases. Hubs are installed on both ends of shaft for rotation and tops of brackets at both ends of central shaft are connected by ring rims being drive wheels connected with energy converters by flexible drive.

SUBSTANCE: proposed plant has base in the form of catamaran that mounts current generators and their drive, current parameters stabilizing system, turbine capable of running in fully submerged condition, and its hoist. Turbine is made in the form of belt conveyer installed on edge at certain angle to river stream. Blades made of flexible material are secured throughout entire width and length of belt. Each blade is made in the form of bucket capable of folding and resting on belt during transfer from working to idle side of conveyer, and it has pocket on external surface for automatic raising of blade by river stream during transfer from idle to working position. Turbine hoist has rocker arm for turbine suspension hinged on one end to catamaran and on other end, to turbine frame that mounts generator-drive bevel gear so that longitudinal axes of hoist rocker-arm hinges and longitudinal axis of bevel-gear driven pinion are disposed on same line. In addition, hydroelectric power plant is equipped with device enabling variation of turbine angle of installation to water flow.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device is designed for converting kinetic energy of water flow into and thermal energy. Proposed station contains dam, conduit system, hydraulic turbines and electric generators. It includes at least one swirl heat generator whose injection branch pipe is furnished with water pressure transmitter and is connected with conduit system through adapter provided with water pressure regulator made, for instance, in form of shutter whose drive is connected with water pressure transmitter.

EFFECT: possibility of generation heat energy for consumers in addition to electric energy.

SUBSTANCE: invention is designed for converting kinetic energy of water flow of small rivers and tides. Proposed hydraulic turbine has housing and wheel with helical blade provided with flange in form of cylindrical spiral secured on blade for changing outreach of flange.

SUBSTANCE: invention is designed for creating stationary and transportable modular hydraulic plants and setting up unit hydraulic power stations. Proposed water-wheel generator has body, shaft with central bevel gear, planet pinion members, each containing blade and shaft with bevel gears on ends, one end of shaft being coupled with central gear. Central bevel gear is rigidly secured on one of ends of central shaft non-rotating around its axis and arranged vertically. Planet pinion members are arranged around central radially and uniformly. Shaft of each planet pinion member with bevel gears on its ends is made single-section, and bevel gear belonging to said shaft and pointed to side of blade of said planet pinion member engages with bevel secured rigidly and coaxially to smaller spur gear of blade reduction gear. Larger spur gear engages with smaller one, and it is secured on axle of blade installed vertically. Each blade rests by ends of its axle for rotation of brackets mounted by bases on cylindrical housing installed for rotation coaxially relative to central shaft, and tops of brackets at both ends of central shaft are connected by ring rims. Upper rim, being drive wheel, is coupled with energy converters. Central shaft rests by both ends with locking on framework provided with pontoon devices. Invention makes it possible to use river current energy with maximum efficiency at no adverse effect on environment caused by submersion of river flood lands caused by building of dams, energy of ocean currents, energy of tides and ebbs owing to use of blades with two points of support. Versions of design of water-wheel generators are provided in description.

EFFECT: simple design, high adaptability to manufacture and servicing of water-wheel generator.