IAS Mains Previous Year Paper Political Science (1982)

Paper-I- Political Science-1982 (Mains)

SECTION A

1. Comment on any three of the following in about 200 words each: (a) "Only the man who has a taste for every sort of knowledge and throws himself into acquiring it with all insatiable curiosity will deserve to be called a philosopher. (Plato) (b) "The prince must be a fox, therefore to recognize the traps and a lion to frighten the wolves." (Machiavelli) (c) "As much as any one can make use of any advantage of life before it spoils, so much he may by his labour fix a property in ; wherever is beyond this, more than (d) "A people of savages should be taught obedience but not in such a manner as to convert them into a people of salves." (J. S. Mill)

2. What is political analysis? Explain the systems theory and Marxist approach to political analysis?

3. Critically examine the general and characteristic properties of State with particular reference to the recent debate on the notions of state and concept of power.

4. "The theory of class war is the heart and soul of Communist ideology" Comment

SECTION B

5. Comment on any three of the following in about 200 words each: (a) India is not a federation but a Union. (b) The chapter on Fundamental Rights is part of the basic structure of the Constitution, more, it is the very soul of the document. (c) The pressure groups of India are only in part the spontaneous and independent results of felt needs among occupational caste groups. (d) An independent Judiciary, having the power of 'Judicial Review' is a prominent feature of the Indian Constitution.

6. Discuss the merits and demerits of Presidential system of government and argue for and against its introduction in India.

7. Examine the extent to which the politics of regionalism in India could be viewed as the consequence of the process of political modernization.

8. "A little socialism is written into our (Indian) Constitution and some more has gone into it by way of amendments." Comment

Paper -II- Political Science-1982 (Mains)

1. "Nehru's concept of non-alignment bad an implicit security rationale The purpose of the policy was not merely one steering clear of military blocs for moral reasons, but also one of maneuvering among the great powers for security reasons.'' Discuss.

Or

"The political tradition, particularly the recent one, of any country is an important determinant of its foreign policy, and more so in the case of a country like India which has become newly independent, through a powerful nationalist movement, after a long period of colonial rule". Examine those special aspects of the Indian national awakening which had a direct bearing on the formulation of India's foreign policy.

2. Write on any three of the following in about 200 words each:- (a) International Relations and International politics. (b) Uniting for Peace Resolution. (c) Old Diplomacy. (d) Indo-Soviet Treaty, 1971.

SECTION A

3. Discuss the basic assumptions underlying the theory of balance of power and examine its relevance in the nuclear age.

4. "-----in order to make clear the distinction between international law and international relations, it must suffice to underline that international law is law, and no more than law ; and that it is a law applying between states viewed not in their entirely but simply in the formal external aspects custom has led them to wear." Elucidate.

5. "The concept of the national interest presupposes neither a naturally harmonious, peaceful world nor the inevitability of war as a consequence of the pursuit by all nations of their national interest. Quite to the contrary, it assumes continuous conflict and threat of war, to be minimized through the continuous adjustment of conflicting interests by diplomatic action." Examine this statement.

SECTION B

6. ''-----the concept of peace zone is inherent in the concept of non-alignment." (U.N. General Assembly Resolution, 1971). In the light of this statement discuss the peace-Zone aspect of the politics of the Indian Ocean area.

7. "The character of Chinese foreign policy is determined by elements of nationalism, ideology, and traditional Chinese thought," Discuss.

8. "-----a policy of foreign and is no different from diplomatic or military policy or propaganda. They are all weapons in the political armory of the nation." Explain.