Techniques And Guidelines For Social Work Practice

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The latest edition of this classic book continues to provide students and practitioners of social work with a one-of-a-kind resource designed to emphasize the different techniques needed for successful practice.

Carefully updated to provide social workers with easy access to the most current information on professional techniques and guidelines and organized to support a generalist practice perspective, "Techniques and Guidelines for Social Work Practice" illustrates multiple ways in which both direct and indirect intervention activities are a part of the social worker's repertoire. Touching upon everything from cultural competence to macro practice, the content of this text is so widely applicable it is an invaluable aid in making the transition to a professional career in social work and a staple of professional social work libraries. In a classroom, it is ideal for use in advanced practice, capstone, and field work courses. Parts I and II summarize the essential foundation elements of social work practice, while Parts III through V set out 157 clearly described techniques and guidelines that can be used by students and new practitioners.

The latest edition includes many changes that make it just as essential as previous editions. Techniques deleted from prior editions due to space restrictions are now available at www.ablongman.com/sheafor7e. New techniques include guidelines for assessing small group functioning, family group conferencing, and building mentoring relationships, as well as addressing client concerns related to spirituality and religion and serving the client or community experiencing an emergency or disaster. Following the lessons of 9/11, new content isincluded to prepare social workers to deal a client or community emergency. Information is included on Family group conferencing, a new approach based on the principles of restorative justice about which social workers should be knowledgeable. New guidelines for using mentoring relationships, in which senior practitioners without direct administrative responsibilities support and nurture developing social workers, are included in this edition, along with new guidelines for assessing small group functioning as a means of strengthening subsequent intervention activities with groups. Chapter 14 now includes a straight-forward description of techniques for conducting empirical direct practice evaluation with current illustrations based on students' applications of the most commonly used evaluation tools.

Preface

xv

PART I Social Work and the Social Worker

1

(52)

The Domain of the Social Work Profession

3

(14)

The Social Work Domain

4

(7)

Social Work's Purpose

4

(4)

Social Work's Focus

8

(1)

Social Work's Scope

9

(1)

Social Work's Sanction

10

(1)

An Overview of Social Work Practice

11

(4)

Conclusion

15

(1)

Selected Bibliography

15

(2)

Merging Person with Profession

17

(20)

Selecting Social Work as a Career

17

(4)

Social Work as a Life Companion

18

(1)

The School-to-Job Transition

18

(1)

Earning a Living as a Social Worker

19

(2)

Establishing Oneself as a Social Worker

21

(5)

Acquiring a Reputation

21

(1)

Conflict over Agency Policy

22

(1)

Promoting Social Justice

23

(1)

Political Involvement

24

(2)

The Interplay of One's Personal and Professional Lives

26

(3)

Being Changed by Clients

26

(1)

Personal Responses to Clients in Need

27

(1)

The Social Worker's Family

28

(1)

A Fitness Program for the Social Worker

29

(5)

Friendships and Community

29

(1)

Self-Worth and Self-Image

30

(1)

Physical and Emotional Well-Being

30

(1)

Intellectual Growth

31

(1)

Spirituality

32

(2)

Artistic Expression

34

(1)

Having Fun in Social Work

34

(1)

Conclusion

35

(1)

Selected Bibliography

36

(1)

Merging the Person's Art with the Profession's Science

37

(16)

The Social Worker as Artist

37

(7)

Compassion and Courage

38

(1)

Professional Relationship

38

(2)

Creativity

40

(1)

Hopefulness and Energy

41

(1)

Judgment

41

(1)

Personal Values

42

(2)

Professional Style

44

(1)

The Social Worker as Scientist

44

(8)

Knowledge of Social Phenomena

46

(1)

Knowledge of Social Conditions and Social Problems

47

(1)

Knowledge of the Social Work Profession

48

(1)

Knowledge of Social Work Practice

49

(3)

Conclusion

52

(1)

Selected Bibliography

52

(1)

PART II The Building Blocks of Social Work Practice

53

(80)

The Roles and Functions Performed by Social Workers

55

(13)

Defining Professional Roles

55

(12)

The Social Worker as Broker

56

(1)

The Social Worker as Advocate

57

(1)

The Social Worker as Teacher

58

(1)

The Social Worker as Counselor/Clinician

59

(1)

The Social Worker as Case Manager

60

(1)

The Social Worker as Workload Manager

61

(1)

The Social Worker as Staff Developer

62

(1)

The Social Worker as Administrator

63

(2)

The Social Worker as Social Change Agent

65

(1)

The Social Worker as Professional

66

(1)

Conclusion

67

(1)

Selected Bibliography

67

(1)

Guiding Principles for Social Workers

68

(14)

Principles That Focus on the Social Worker

68

(4)

The Social Worker Should Practice Social Work

68

(1)

The Social Worker Should Engage in Conscious Use of Self

69

(1)

The Social Worker Should Maintain Professional Objectivity

70

(1)

The Social Worker Should Respect Human Diversity

70

(1)

The Social Worker Should Challenge Social Injustices

71

(1)

The Social Worker Should Seek to Enhance Professional Competence

71

(1)

Principles That Guide Practice Activities

72

(9)

The Social Worker Should Do No Harm

72

(1)

The Social Worker Should Engage in Knowledge-Guided Practice

72

(1)

The Social Worker Should Engage in Value-Guided and Ethical Practice

73

(1)

The Social Worker Should Be Concerned with the Whole Person

73

(1)

The Social Worker Should Serve the Most Vulnerable Members of Society

74

(1)

The Social Worker Should Treat the Client with Dignity

74

(1)

The Social Worker Should Individualize the Client

75

(1)

The Social Worker Should Consider Clients Experts on Their Own Lives

75

(1)

The Social Worker Should Lend Vision to the Client

76

(1)

The Social Worker Should Build on Client Strengths

76

(1)

The Social Worker Should Maximize Client Participation

77

(1)

The Social Worker Should Maximize Client Self-Determination

77

(1)

The Social Worker Should Help the Client Learn Self-Directed Problem-Solving Skills

78

(1)

The Social Worker Should Maximize Client Empowerment

78

(1)

The Social Worker Should Protect Client Confidentiality

79

(1)

The Social Worker Should Adhere to the Philosophy of Normalization

80

(1)

The Social Worker Should Continuously Evaluate the Progress of the Change Process

80

(1)

The Social Worker Should Be Accountable to Clients, Agency, Community, and the Social Work Profession

80

(1)

Conclusion

81

(1)

Selected Bibliography

81

(1)

Practice Frameworks for Social Work

82

(37)

Requirements of a Practice Framework

82

(1)

Guidelines for Selecting a Practice Framework

83

(3)

Selected Practice Frameworks

86

(31)

Selected Practice Perspectives

86

(1)

The Generalist Perspective

86

(2)

The General Systems Perspective

88

(2)

The Ecosystems Perspective

90

(3)

The Strengths Perspective

93

(1)

The Ethnic-Sensitive Perspective

94

(1)

The Feminist Perspective

95

(1)

Selected Practice Theories and Models

96

(1)

Practice Based on Psychodynamic Theory

96

(2)

Practice Based on Behavioral Theory

98

(1)

Practice Based on Cognitive-Behavioral Theory

99

(1)

Practice Based on Person-Centered Theory

100

(1)

Practice Based on Exchange Theory

100

(2)

The Interactional Model

102

(1)

The Structural Model

103

(1)

The Crisis Intervention Model

104

(1)

The Task-Centered Model

104

(1)

The Solution-Focused Model

105

(1)

Practice Based on the Family Therapies

106

(2)

The Family Preservation Model (or Home-Based Model)

108

(1)

The Clubhouse Model

109

(1)

Practice Based on Small-Group Theories

110

(2)

Practice Based on the Addiction Model

112

(1)

The Self-Help Model

113

(1)

Models for Changing Organizations

114

(2)

Models for Changing Communities

116

(1)

Conclusion

117

(1)

Selected Bibliography

118

(1)

Facilitating Change through Decision Making

119

(14)

Elements of the Planned Change Process

119

(2)

The Context of Planned Change

121

(2)

Factors Affecting the Client's Need for Change

123

(1)

Individual Change

123

(1)

Family and Group Change

123

(1)

Organizational Change

123

(1)

Community Change

124

(1)

Identifying the Actors in Planned Change

124

(1)

Phases of the Planned Change Process

125

(2)

Critical Thinking in Planned Change

127

(3)

Decision Making in Planned Change

130

(2)

Conclusion

132

(1)

Selected Bibliography

132

(1)

PART III Techniques Common to All Social Work Practice

133

(68)

Basic Communication and Helping Skills

134

(47)

Creating an Effective Helping Relationship

136

(3)

Verbal Communication Skills

139

(4)

Nonverbal Communication Skills

143

(2)

Helping Skills

145

(13)

The I-Statement

158

(1)

Understanding Emotions and Feelings

159

(3)

Responding to Defensive Communication

162

(3)

Elements of Professional Behavior

165

(2)

Making Ethical Decisions

167

(5)

Applying Cultural Competence to Helping

172

(9)

Basic Skills for Agency Practice

181

(20)

Report Writing

182

(2)

Letter Writing

184

(1)

Effective Telephone Communication

185

(2)

Using Information Technology

187

(3)

Maintaining Casenotes for Narrative Recording

190

(2)

Problem-Oriented Recording (POR) and the SOAP Format

192

(3)

Managing Time at Work

195

(3)

Controlling Workload

198

(1)

Planning for an Absence or Departure

199

(2)

PART IV Techniques and Guidelines for Phases of the Planned Change Process