If the world is to succeed in constraining CO2 emissions to levels consistent with a less than 2°C rise in global temperatures, then carbon capture and storage (CCS) will need to contribute about one-sixth of needed CO2 emission reductions in 2050, and 14 per cent of the cumulative emissions reductions between 2015 and 2050 (compared to a business-as-usual approach). It is the only technology option other than energy efficiency and shifting the primary energy mix to lower carbon fuels that can deliver net emissions reductions at the required scale.