Hardness of Solid Substances - GrindingA number of metals and nonmetals are ground with a mortar and pestle. The nonmetals shown here are all soft (due to weak intermolecular forces), but the metals vary in hardness.

Covalent Bonding |

Nonmetals |

Physical Properties |

Solids |

Metallic Bonding |

Metals

Assessment Questions: First 3 results

Bonding : MostPolarBond (8 Variations)
From the bonds listed below, choose the one that is the most polar. (Try to predict electronegativity differences based on positions of the bonded atoms in the periodic table.)

Covalent Bonding |

Periodicity / Periodic Table

Bonding : Electronegativity (8 Variations)
From the bonds listed below, choose the one in which the highlighted atom is the partially positive end of the bond. (Try to predict electronegativity differences based on positions of the bonded atoms in the periodic table.)

Covalent Bonding |

Periodicity / Periodic Table

Bonding : MatchBondStrength (8 Variations)
Match each of the following molecules to the best energy value for each bond. Do not use the table of bond energies in your book, but predict these values using your knowledge of bond length and bond strength.
Possible energies are: 300 kJ/mol, 330 kJ/mol, 415 kJ/mol and 950 kJ/mol.

A New "Bottom-Up" Framework for Teaching Chemical BondingTami Levy Nahum, Rachel Mamlok-Naaman, Avi Hofstein, and Leeor KronikThis article presents a general framework for bonding that can be presented at different levels of sophistication depending on the student's level and needs. The pedagogical strategy for teaching this model is a "bottom-up" one, starting with basic principles and ending with specific properties.Levy Nahum, Tami; Mamlok-Naaman, Rachel; Hofstein, Avi; Kronik, Leeor. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1680.

Let Us Give Lewis Acid–Base Theory the Priority It DeservesAlan A. ShafferThe Lewis concept is simple yet powerful in its scope, and can be used to help beginning students understand reaction mechanisms more fully. However, traditional approaches to acid-base reactions at the introductory level ignores Lewis acid-base theory completely, focusing instead on proton transfer described by the Br?nsted-Lowry concept.Shaffer, Alan A. J. Chem. Educ.2006, 83, 1746.