Chemical factories in general and Lam Thao super-phosphate factory in particular, have great and comprehensive influence to the population in the vicinities. The construction and operation of these factories generates the concentration of population contribytes to the formation of new population communities, diversifies the economic structure of the locality, improving the infrastucture and increases the living standard of part the population in the area. The wastes of the factories cause pollution to the environment, decrease notalby the yield of crops, inrease the waste land area, affecting the community health and fore many families to move from the polluted areas. The factories causing environmental pollution must invest for renovating the production technology and equipment to minimise the concentration of harmful waste substances. It is necessary to set up an appropriate compensation policy for damages cause by the pollution. Besides, in the environmental impact assessment, external influence must be taken fully into consideration and appropriate measures must be proposed to be taken during and after the implementation of the projects.