The state analysis study on Australia provides a broad array of analytical inputs to analyse the state ‘s public presentation, and the aims are to assist the reader to do concern determinations and fix for the hereafter. The study on Australia analyzes the political, economic, societal, technological, legal and environmental construction of Australia. The study provides a holistic position of Australia from historical, current and feature position. Insightful analysis on critical current and future issues is presented through elaborate SCPT ( strengths, challenges, chances and hazards ) .

Australia ‘s abundant and diverse natural resources attract high degrees of foreign investing and include extended contrary of coal, Fe ore, Cu, gold, natural gas, U, and renewable energy beginnings. A series of major investing, such as the US $ 40 billion Gorgon Liquid probably Gas Project, will significantly spread out the resources sector. Australia besides has a big services sector and is a important exporter of natural resources, energy, and nutrient. Key dogmas of Australia ‘s trade policy include support for unfastened trade and the successful apogee of the Doha Round of many-sided trade dialogues, peculiarly for agribusiness and services. The Australian economic system grew for 17 back-to-back old ages before the planetary fiscal crisis. Subsequently, the former RUDD authorities introduced a financial stimulation bundle worth over US $ 50 billion to countervail the consequence of the decelerating universe economic system, while the Reserve Bank of Australia cut involvement rates to historic depressions. These policies – and continued demand for trade goods, particularly from China – helped the Australian economic system recoil after merely one one-fourth of negative growing. The economic system grew by 1.4 % during 2009 – the best act in the OECD – by 2.7 % in 2010, and by 1.8 % in 2011. Unemployment, originally expected to make 8-10 % , peaked at 5.7 % in late 2009 and fell to 5.0 % in 2011. As a consequence of an improved economic system, the fiscal program shortage is expected to top out below 4.2 % of GDP and the authorities could return to budget excesss every bit early as 2015. Australia was one of the first advanced economic systems to raise involvement rates, with seven rate hikings between October 2009 and November 2010. The GILLARD authorities is focused on raising Australia ” s economic productiveness to guarantee the sustainability of growing, and continues to pull off the symbiotic, but sometimes tense, economic relationship with China. Australia is engaged in the Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations and ongoing free trade understanding dialogues with China, Japan, and Korea.

GDP ( buying power para )

$ 917.7 billion ( 2011 est. ) A

$ 901.5 billion ( 2010 est. ) A

$ 877.9 billion ( 2009 est. ) A

note: A informations are in 2011 US dollars

GDP ( official exchange rate )

$ 1.507 trillion ( 2011 est. )

GDP – existent growing rate

1.8 % ( 2011 est. ) A

2.7 % ( 2010 est. ) A

1.4 % ( 2009 est. )

GDP – per capita ( PPP )

$ 40,800 ( 2011 est. ) A

$ 40,600 ( 2010 est. ) A

$ 40,000 ( 2009 est. ) A

note: A informations are in 2011 US dollars

GDP – composing by sector

Agribusiness: A 4 % A

industry: A 24.6 % A

services: A 71.4 % ( 2011 est. )

Population below poorness line

NA %

Labour force

12.05 million ( 2011 est. )

Labour force – by business

Agribusiness: A 3.6 % A

industry: A 21.1 % A

services: A 75 % ( 2009 est. )

Unemployment rate

5.1 % ( 2011 est. ) A

5.2 % ( 2010 est. )

Unemployment, young person ages 15-24

Entire: A 11.6 % A

male: A 12.6 % A

female: A 10.4 % ( 2009 )

Household income or ingestion by per centum portion

Lowest 10 % : A 2 % A

highest 10 % : A 25.4 % ( 1994 )

Distribution of household income – Gini index

30.5 ( 2006 ) A

35.2 ( 1994 )

Investing ( gross fixed )

26.8 % of GDP ( 2011 est. )

Budget

Grosss: A $ 473.2 billionA

outgos: A $ 521.8 billion ( 2011 est. )

Taxs and other grosss

31.1 % of GDP ( 2011 est. )

Budget excess ( + ) or shortage ( – )

-2.5 % of GDP ( 2011 est. )

Public debt

30.3 % of GDP ( 2011 est. ) A

28.8 % of GDP ( 2010 est. )

Inflation rate ( consumer monetary values )

3.4 % ( 2011 est. ) A

2.8 % ( 2010 est. )

Central bank price reduction rate

4.35 % ( 31 December 2010 est. ) A

3.28 % ( 31 December 2009 est. ) A

note: A this is the Reserve Bank of Australia ‘s “ hard currency rate mark, ” or policy rate

Phoenix Consulting

Working in Australia

Australian employers who are looking for returning Australians and Australian edge skilled professionals.

Finance

Australian Financial Review

Provides Up-to-date information about Australias Financial province

Australian Stock Exchange

Australia ‘s Stock Exchange information

Cunningham Insurance Brokers Pty Ltd

Independently owned Insurance Broker in Coffs Harbour NSW

MYOB

MYOB is an international supplier of accounting package, paysheet package and concern solutions that liberate concern proprietors and comptrollers from the load of twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours disposal, authorising them to accomplish concern success.

GENERAL INFORMATION

Australian Immigration Lawyers, Beyderwellen and Company

Key information for Australian in-migration by the Australia visa experts

Primaries INDUSTRY

ABC Rural Online

Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry

The chief entry point to electronic information provided by the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry.

Oz Farm News

Comprehensive intelligence and information service on Australian Farming, natural resources, the environment and regional communities. Rapid entree to over 100 subjects on agriculture, farm animal, harvests, nutrient, natural resources and state life styles. Wide scope of online tools, resources and information for husbandmans and rural communities everyplace

Uranium Information Centre

Information and educational resources about Uranium in Australia

OVERVIEW OF DIFFERENT ECONOMIC SECTOR

A state ‘s economic system can be divided into assorted sectors to specify the proportion of the population engaged in the activity sector. This classification is seen as a continuum of distance from the natural environment. The continuum starts with the primary sector, which concerns itself with the use of natural stuffs from the Earth such as agribusiness and excavation. From at that place, the distance from the natural stuffs of the Earth additions.

Primary Sector

The primary sector of the economic system extracts or crops merchandises from the Earth. The primary sector includes the production of natural stuff and basic nutrients. Activities associated with the primary sector include agribusiness ( both subsistence and commercial ) , excavation, forestry, agriculture, graze, runing and assemblage, fishing, and quarrying. The packaging and processing of the natural stuff associated with this sector is besides considered to be portion of this sector.

In developed and developing states, a diminishing proportion of workers are involved in the primary sector. About 3 % of the U.S. labour force is engaged in primary sector activity today, while more than two-thirds of the labour forces were primary sector workers in the mid-nineteenth century.

Secondary Sector

The secondary sector of the economic system manufactures finished goods. All of fabrication, processing, and building prevarications within the secondary sector. Activities associated with the secondary sector include metal on the job and smelting, automobile production, fabric production, chemical and technology industries, aerospace fabrication, energy public-service corporations, technology, breweries and bottlers, building, and ship building.

Tertiary Sector

The third sector of the economic system is the service industry. This sector provides services to the general population and to concerns. Activities associated with this sector include retail and sweeping gross revenues, transit and distribution, amusement ( films, telecasting, wireless, music, theatre, etc. ) , eating houses, clerical services, media, touristry, insurance, banking, health care, and jurisprudence.

In most developed and developing states, a turning proportion of workers are devoted to the third sector. In the U.S. , more than 80 % of the labour forces are third workers.

Quaternary Sector

The quaternate sector of the economic system consists of rational activities. Activities associated with this sector include authorities, civilization, libraries, scientific research, instruction, and information engineering.

Quinary Sector

Some consider there to be a subdivision of the quaternate sector called the quinary sector, which includes the highest degrees of determination devising in a society or economic system. This sector would include the top executives or functionaries in such Fieldss as authorities, scientific discipline, universities, not-for-profit, health care, civilization, and the media.

An Australian beginning relates that the quinary sector in Australia refers to domestic activities such as those performed by stay-at-home parents or housewifes. These activities are typically non measured by pecuniary sums but it is of import to acknowledge these activities in part to the economic system.

OVERVIEWS OF BUSINESS AND TRADE AT INTERNATIONAL LEVEL

Main Industry Sectors

Predominating the economic system, the third sector contributes around 70 % of the GDP and employs two-thirds of the state ‘s active population. Tourism is good developed: about 17 million tourers visit Austria yearly.

The agricultural sector contributes about 2 % of the GDP and employs about 6 % of the active population. Cattle agriculture and viniculture are the state ‘s chief agricultural activities. Organic agribusiness is developing quickly. It presently represents 10 % of the agricultural production. Austria benefits from important European Union subsidies as provided by the Common Agricultural Policy.

The chief industrial sectors are the metalworking industry, electrochemistry and technology, even though most of the companies in these sectors are comparatively little on the international graduated table. The state has small mineral resources such as Fe, lead and Cu.

A Economic Overview

After undergoing the worst recession in its history, Austria ‘s economic system has been easy retrieving, with an estimated GDP of 1.6 % in 2010, which should increase more aggressively in 2011. This public presentation, which places Austria above the prognosiss of growing in the European Union, is due to the go oning growing of exports.

The steps taken to get by with the crisis and the recent financial reform have deepened the budget shortage. The authorities has tackled this job by following a consolidation program. In add-on, structural reforms will be necessary.

In footings of per capita income, Austria ranks 4th in the European Union. Nevertheless, the recession has lead to a uninterrupted deterioration of the labour market and the unemployment rate, although low within the European context, should stay raised in 2011.

A

FDI in Figures

With the state being located at the intersection of East and Western Europe, direct foreign investing has ever been of import because of Austria ‘s geographic location. After an economic lag due to the planetary crisis, the tendency has one time once more been upward. Austria ‘s strengths are its political stableness, its location at the Centre of Europe and a skilled work force.

A FDI Government Measures

Export inducements, political stableness and low telecommunication costs make the Austrian concern clime favorable. Another attractive factor is the fact that Austria has the most attactive revenue enhancement system in Europe and does non hold a wealth revenue enhancement or professional revenue enhancement. Regional investing subsidies, revenue enhancement freedoms on preparation ( 20 % ) and a preparation fillip for learners guarantees the state ‘s entreaty.

To extenuate the effects of the crisis, Austria has implemented mesures to reenforce the liquidness and the capitalisation of the fiscal system.

A Country Strong Points

Well developed substructures, a skilled and competent work force and high productiveness are the state ‘s strong points. Austria has the central offices of many houses and ranks 27th out of 181 economic systems with respect to ease of making concern. Austria besides has a important gathering of pharmaceutical companies based in the state, therefore developing a focal point of biotechnological accomplishments and pulling the large companies of this sector.

A Country Weak Points

Austria ‘s weak points:

– Rigid labour pattern ;

– Lack of hazard capital funding ;

– restrictive migration Torahs ;

– Strong addiction to Central and Eastern Europe where legion investings have taken topographic point ( hazardous in instance of a crisis in one of these states ) ;

– the limitations of its internal market.

A

Foreign Trade Overview

The Austrian economic system is to a great extent dependent on foreign trade which accounts for more than 95 % of its GDP. Trade with European Union states histories for approximately 70 % of the entire trade. Austrian exports suffered significantly from the planetary crisis, nevertheless, with the recovery, the Austrian trade shortage has improved in 2010. This inclination should go on.

PRESENT Trade RELATIONS AND BUSINESS VOLUME OF

DIFFERENT PRODUCTS WITH INDIA / GUJARAT

India Australia trade relationsA can be traced back to when the first Australian ship laden with coal came to India in 1801 as a portion of the East India Company.A India Australia trade relationsA are active today but their full potency has still non been achieved. There is considerable range for development inA India Australia trade dealingss.

TheA India Australia tradeA turnover between the two states reached a record A $ 7.25 billion in 2004-2005. The sum of entire trade saw an addition of approximately 23.7 % or A $ 1.39 billion over the corresponding figure of A $ 5.86 billion in 2003-2004. In 2004- 2005, India ‘s export to Australia was at A $ 1.22 billion or increased by 22 % than the corresponding figure of A $ 999.7 billion in 2003- 2004. In 2003- 2004, India ‘s import figure stood at A $ 4.87 billion and it increased by 24 % in the following twelvemonth to stand at A $ 6.05 billion.A

India ranked 6th in Australia ‘s export market in the twelvemonth 2004- 2005. During this period, India ‘s portion of Australia ‘s entire export was 4.8 % and import was 0.8 % . The major points in India Australia tradeA whichA Australia exports to IndiaA are as follows:

Gold

Copper and Cu ores

Wool

Vegetables

Silver and Pt

Telecommunication equipment

Electronic constituents

The major points inA India Australia tradeA whichA Australia imports from IndiaA are as follows:

Cherished and semi cherished rocks

Floor coverings

Fabric

Agricultural merchandises

Leather and leather goods

Through the puting up of the Joint Ministerial Commission ( JMC ) and Joint Business Council ( JBC ) attempts have been made to promoteA India Australia trade dealingss. Some of the major Indian investings in Australia include that by Sterlite Industries which has acquired a gold mine in Queensland and two Cu mines in Tasmania. India ‘s Oswal group has decided to build an ammonium hydroxide works at Karratha which is close to North-West Shelf undertaking in Western Australia. The hotel Windsor in Melbourne is managed by the Oberoi Hotels International. An Asiatic pigment has acquired Pacific Paints in Queensland. The Aditya Birla Group has acquired Cu mines at Mt Gordon ( Queensland ) and at Nifty ( Western

India Australia trade relationsA have come a long manner but still there is room for more betterment which will turn out good for both the states.

Indian exports to AustraliaA

Indian Australian trading relationships have ne’er been in such a high extremum than it is at present and this has givenA Indian exports to AustraliaA a major ground to turn. A great many high-ranking meetings and increased interaction in concern and trade flow between the two states has taken place.A

This has givenA Indian exports to AustraliaA a major encouragement. The Australian Prime Minister, John Howard visited India in March, 2006 and this visit resulted in the sign language of a Memorandum of Understanding ( MoU ) and a Trade and Economic Framework ( TEF ) between the two states. This once more has resulted in an addition inA Indian exports to Australia.A

Joint committees such as the Australia-India Business Council ( AIBC ) and India-Australia Business Council have promotedA Indian exports to AustraliaA in a major way.A Indian exports to AustraliaA have seen a important rise during the last few old ages. In 1999- 2000, Indian Exports to Australia were US $ 406.63 million, in 2000-2001 it was US $ 405.89 million, in 2001-2002 it was US $ 418.03 million, in 2003-2004 it was US $ 584.30 million, and in 2004-2005 it was US $ 687.03 million. The major points that constituteA Indian exports to AustraliaA are: A

Gems, pearls, and jewelry

Chemicals and its by merchandises

Leather, leather goods, footwear, and travel goods

Agricultural merchandises

Engineering goods and industries

Fabric, vesture, and do up

In 2001, amongA Indian exports to Australia, the sector of treasures, pearls, and jewelry registered an addition of 19 % to a $ 65.3 million in comparing to old twelvemonth ‘s export of a $ 54.9 million. Exports of gold, silverware, and jewelry remained the same at a $ 12.6 million in 2001. But the exports of cherished and semi cherished rocks increased by 23.8 % to a $ 51.9 million in 2001.A

The technology goods and industry sector accounted for 22 % ofA India ‘s export to AustraliaA in 2001. The sum of exports rose by 7 % to a $ 176.6 million. Exports of electrical setup used in circuits increased by 37.5 % to a $ 7.7 million in 2001. Base metals house hold equipments decreased to a $ 11.4 million in 2001 from A $ 11.8 million in the old year.A

In 2001, the sector of chemicals and it ‘s by merchandises accounted for 25 % ofA Indian exports to Australia. Pharmaceuticals merchandises rose to a $ 10.2 million in 2001 from a $ 6.1 million in the old twelvemonth. Petroleum oils increased to a $ 36.6 million in 2001 from a $ 11.9 million in the old year.A

Exports to Australia from IndiaA in the leather, leather goods, footwear, and travel goods sector registered a growing to a $ 55.9 million in 2001 from a $ 54.8 million in the old twelvemonth. Leather export increased to a $ 7.5 million in 2001 from a $ 5.6 million in the old year.A

The fabric, vesture, and do up sector accounted for 25 % in the totalA India ‘s export to AustraliaA in 2001. It amounted to a $ 204.5 million in entire exports this twelvemonth. The top 5 trade goods in this sector were adult females ‘s vesture, work forces ‘s vesture, fabric narration, made up articles, and floor coverings.A

The agricultural merchandises sector accounted for 11 % ofA Indian exports to AustraliaA in 2001. Tobacco export rose from a $ 2.5 million in the last twelvemonth to a $ 4.2 million in 2001. Exports of spices increased to a $ 5.8 million in 2001 from a $ 4.9 million in the old year.A

Indian exports to AustraliaA has increased well over the last few old ages but range for development still exists. The authoritiess of both the states are in the procedure of doing concentrated attempts so thatA Indian export to AustraliaA can make its full potency.

Australian exports to India

India Australia relationship is turning steadily over the last few old ages and this has helped Australian exports to IndiaA to turn at a steady pace.A

The visit of Australian Prime Minister John Howard to India in March, 2006 saw the sign language of a Memorandum of Understanding ( MoU ) and Trade and Economic Framework ( TEF ) between the two states. These helped in a major manner to increaseA Australian exports to India.A

Australian exports to IndiaA hold increased by springs and bounds during the last few old ages. In 1999- 2000, A Australian exports to India stood at US $ 1079.33 million, in 2000- 2001 it was US $ 1062.76 million, in 2001-2002 it was US $ 1360.10 million, in 2003-2004 it was US $ 2649.24 million, and in 2004-2005 it was US $ 3561.10 million. Around 80 % ofA India ‘s import from AustraliaA during the twelvemonth 2000- 2001 took topographic point from three major Australian provinces – Victoria, New South Wales, and Queensland. The chief points of import to India from AustraliaA are:

Coal

Copper and Cu ores

Wool

Non- pecuniary gold

Fresh veggies

Cotton

Silver, Zn, Pt, and aluminum

The largest point inA Australian export to IndiaA is coal and this witnessed a crisp addition in the twelvemonth 2001. Coal registered an addition of 29.9 % to A $ 17.8 million from A $ 742.9 million during 2000. Compared to the old twelvemonth, the theA Australian export of Cu ores to IndiaA increased by 26.7 % to A $ 25.6 million during 2001. TheA Australian exports to IndiaA in the sector of wool saw merely a fringy addition to A $ 174.8 million in 2001 from A $ 173.7 million in the old year.A Australian export of Zinc to IndiaA saw an addition to A $ 23.3 million in 2001 from A $ 17.8 million in the old year.A

There was a important addition in theA Australian exports to IndiaA in the non- pecuniary sector which rose to A $ 166.2 million in 2001 from A $ 7.1 million in the old twelvemonth. Another sector in theA Australian exports to IndiaA that witnessed a steep addition is the fresh veggies sector which rose to A $ 165.9 million in 2001 from A $ 116.0 million in the old twelvemonth. TheA Australian export of cotton to IndiaA increased to A $ 157.3 million in 2001 from A $ 122.9 million in the old year.A

TheA Australian exports to IndiaA in the Ag and Pt sector besides witnessed a steep addition. Rising to A $ 54.2 million in 2001 from A $ 36.1 million in the old twelvemonth. Similarly, theA Australian export of aluminium to IndiaA besides increased to A $ 23.1 million in 2001 from A $ 2.1 million in the old year.A

Though much advancement has been made inA Australian exports to IndiaA there is still room for growing. The authoritiess of both the states are in the procedure of seting in joint attempts so that this relationship can be bolstered.A

The POLITICAL landscape discusses the development of the political scenario in Australia in different periods. The economic, societal, foreign and defence policies are considered in the political landscape subdivision. It besides discusses the public presentation of the state as per World Bank Governance Indicators.

The ECONOMIC landscape describes the development of the economic system of Australia in different periods. It besides examines the state ‘s public presentation in footings of GDP growing, composing by sector ( agribusiness, industry and services ) , financial state of affairs, international investing place, pecuniary state of affairs, recognition expense, banking sector and employment. The economic landscape besides explains the fiscal system in the state, particularly with respect to fiscal authorities/regulators.

The SOCIAL landscape covers the demographics, instruction and health care scenario in Australia. The societal public assistance policies of the authorities along with the state ‘s public presentation in footings of health care, income distribution and instruction are besides provided.

The TECHNOLOGICAL landscape discusses the construction and policies in footings of Intellectual belongings, research & A ; development, engineering agreements/pacts ; and policies related to the publicity of engineering in Australia.

The ENVIRONMENTAL landscape in Australia discusses the environmental ordinances and policies of the state. The public presentation of the state in footings of in footings of environmental indexs and impact of environmental policies is besides examined.

“ The Australian economic system grew at a CAGR of more than 3 % a twelvemonth during 1991-2008, but so slumped to 1.3 % in 2009. The economic system was unaffected by the planetary lag in 2001, and grew at a important rate of 2.9 % . The economic growing rate did non significantly worsen even when the state was hit by the worst drouth in its history in 2003, as it dropped from 3.6 % in 2002 to 3.5 % in 2003. The floaty growing was driven by sound macroeconomic policies and financial prudence. The growing rate increased to 3.8 % in 2007 from 3.0 % in 2006. However, the growing impulse decelerated to 2.3 % in 2008 because of the planetary fiscal lag, and so slowed further to 1.3 % in 2009. Following this, 2010 saw the economic system recoil with growing of 3.0 % . Harmonizing to Data proctor ‘s prognosis, the economic system is expected to turn by 3.5 % in 2011. ”