Staff Instructions for the Glossary Table

For extensive information on how to fill out the glossary table (including how to use Wylie and phonetics, and markup for various languages), please go to the The Glossary Table & How to Render Non-English Terms in the Essay page. If an author has already created a glossary table for their work, double check to make sure that all terms have been included correctly (according to these instructions). It is important to read through the article once to make sure that:

all English words are marked correctly

all Tibetan words are in Wylie

all non-English terms appear with all available information in the Glossary Table

Create Entries in the Glossary Table for Author and Title of All Sources in the Bibliography

We are not asking the authors to do this; THL staff is responsible for doing this. Note: this assumes that the author has included in the Bibliography every resource cited in a footnote.

Create entries in the Glossary Table for author and title, and for a few less frequent components, such as journal title, editor, volume title, and so forth. For Tibetan resources, you also need to create entries for publisher and publication place.
To do this:

copy the entire Bibliography into a separate Word document

delete all components of each entry that do NOT need to go in the Glossary Table. For English-language works, only the author and title (and journal title, editor, series title, etc) need to go in the Glossary Table. For Tibetan works, the author, Tibetan title, English translation of the title (if the author has provided one), publisher and publication place all need to go in the Glossary Table.

separate all the individual components with a return (that is, a paragraph break)

add the text that will go in the Type column

convert the text into a table (be sure to account for English translation of Tibetan, Sanskrit, etc title)

copy the column of the table with the author names and paste into the Glossary Table

copy the column of the table with the titles and paste into the Glossary Table

copy the column of the table with the Type into the Glossary Table

in the Glossary Table, enter the appropriate text in the Lang column (this can also be done in the Word doc before converting text to table)

in the Glossary Table, for non-Tibetan, non-Sanskrit, non-Chinese authors and texts, enter a dash ( - ) in the Variant column (this can also be done in the Word doc before converting text to table)

If a text title occurs more than once in the essay, create a second, abbreviated entry in the Glossary Table for it immediately below the first entry:

Use a four- or five-word (or shorter) abbreviated title.

Enter an asterisk (*) in the Variant column.

In the essay itself, use this abbreviated title for all occurrences after the first. Note: see Bibliographic Citations for specific instructions regarding citations.

For the author of a text that is cited more than once, create a second, abbreviated entry in the Glossary Table for it immediately below the first entry:

Use only the author’s last name.

Enter an asterisk (*) in the Variant column.

In the essay itself, use only the author’s last name for all occurrences after the first. Note: see Bibliographic Citations for specific instructions regarding citations.

For Tibetan authors: this does not apply. Always use the full name since they do not have first and last names.

For Chinese authors: for the abbreviated name, use the family name (this is the first word in a Chinese name, such as “Mao” in “Mao Zedong”). Create an entry for it in the Glossary Table immediately beneath the full entry, and enter an asterisk in the Variant column.

Search for genus in Glossary Table

If “genus” occurs in the Type column, change it to “scientific name”

Tibetan With English Translation in Quotation Marks

When an English translation of a Tibetan (or Sanskrit, Chinese, or Mongolian) word appears in quotation marks - for example: bkra shis mkhas grub was a “punk-monk” (ldob ldob) - the text will appear like this in the Word document: bkra shis mkhas grub was a ldob ldob.

Then, the essay must be fixed after it is converted to XML. Following the example from above, you should add the following item to your file of tasks to do after conversion to XML:

Details Regarding Sanskrit

As it says on the The Glossary Table page, all Sanskrit terms should be entered in the Word glossary table in lowercase (no capitalizations at all). However, after the essay is converted to XML, all Sanskrit proper nouns (person names, place names, text titles, etc.) will need to be capitalized by hand in the XML glossary file. Keep a list of all Sanskrit proper nouns (names of people, places, and so forth) as you are marking up the document so that you know what will need capitalization after conversion to XML.

EXTENSIVE LIST OF XML/WORD STYLE/TERMS GOES HERE!

Glossary Entry Types

type

description

example as it appears in the body of the essay

XML markup

affiliate house

use this for an affiliate house (mi tshan) of a large monastery, such as the tshor khag mi tshan of se ra har gdong khang tshan

He was a monk of the the tshor khag affiliate house (mi tshan) of se ra har gdong khang tshan

He was a monk of the the <orgName type="affiliate-house">tshor khag</orgName> affiliate house

article

use this for the title of an article. Note: be sure to include the open and close quotation marks around the article title. Title Article,ta; Title Article English,tae (for English)We are not asking authors to enter in the Glossary Table components of bibliographic citations; THL staff will do this. However, authors are asked to include all bibliographic sources mentioned in their article/essay in the Bibliography. Use this for the title of an article. Note: in the Word doc of your article or essay itself, be sure to include the open and close quotation marks around the article title; however, in the Glossary Table, do NOT include the quotation marks around the article title. Also, be sure to create an entry in the Glossary Table for all article titles cited in a bibliographic reference in the footnotes/endnotes and also for all entries in the Bibliography that are not cited in a footnote/endote.

The late yon tan rgya mtsho published his article “skyid shod sde pa’i skor” in the second issue of JIATS.In footnote/endnote: Jacob Dalton, “The Early Development of Padmasambhava Legend in Tibet: A Study of IOL Tib J 644 and Pelliot tibétain 307,” Journal of the American Oriental Society 124, no. 4 (2004): 759. Glossary Table entry: The Early Development of Padmasambhava Legend in Tibet: A Study of IOL Tib J 644 and Pelliot tibétain 307

author

only enter this when the author is part of a bibliographic citation. author English,ae; author Sanskrit,as; author Tibetan,at; author,au

lha mo bla tsho. See the section below on how to format and apply Word styles in the body of the essay.

lineage

use this for the name of a lineage of religious practice. Name org lineage,nol

the ’phags lugs of the dbu ma school

list (bulleted)

use this to mark up entire lists that have bullet points. List Bullet,lb

list (numbered

use this to mark up entire lists that are numbered. List Number,ln

mi tshan (a division of a large monastery)

see affiliate house

<orgName type="affiliate-house">

monastery

use this for the name of a monastery or a large monastic college (such as se ra byes grwa tshang); it refers to the organization associated with the monastery as well as the physical buildings. Name organization monastery,norm

He spent four years at dpal spungs and five years at thub bstan dar rgyas chos ’khor gling

monastic college (see monastery)

monument

use this for the names of stupas, pillars, and so forth. monument,mm.

<name type="monument">

mountain

use this for the name of a mountain. Name mountain,mt

bya skya dkar po ri; has po ri; Wutai shan

name generic

use this only for a proper noun that does not fit into any of the other categories (that is, it is not the name of a monastery, person’s name, name of a deity, and so forth). Name generic,ng

non-buddhist deity

use this for the names of non-Buddhist deities. Name Non-Buddhist Deity,nnbd

maheśvara

organization

use this for the name of an organization other than a monastery, including religious sects. Name organization,nor

the sa skya and jo nang schools of Tibetan Buddhism and the dge lugs pa hierarch

page number (individual)

Page Number,pgn

This converts into <milestone/> tags, which mark the boundaries of pages within a text. For example, after the PDF has been created, <milestone/> tags are inserted into the XML file; this is how the page numbers are displayed online.DO NOT use for page range in a bibliographic citation and so forth. For that, use the style Pages,pg

<milestone unit="page" n=""/> (the page number is the value of the n attribute)

page

Pages,pg

Use this for page ranges in a bibliographic citation or for references to individual pages.

<num type=""pagination""></num>

person other

place

use this for the name of a place, such as a town or city name, the name of a region. Name Place,np

lha sa; la dwags; a mdo rnga ba

practice

use this for the name of a specific practice, such as gcod practice, or sgyu lus practice. Name of Practice,nop

they practiced rtsa rlung every morning

pub place

use this for the place of publication in a complete bibliographic citation .Publication Place,pp

use this for terms that do not fall under any of the other types of words listed here. This is likely the more common type of word that will appear in your essay

One type of room in monasteries is the mgon khang (note: this is not a room because it is not a proper noun and it does not refer to a specific room) and Under the misleading heading “commentaries on sūtras and śāstras”

text group

use this for the title of a group of texts: Text Group,tg

they study the rgyud bcu bdun for three years

text title

Text Title,tt; Text Title English,tte

time range

use this for a time range: Time Range,tir

phyi dar and snga dar

title

use this for the title of a book. This includes the title of individual Tibetan, Sanskrit, and Chinese texts, no matter how short they might be.

He wrote the lam rim chen mo in 1403 and a commentary on the prasannapadā

title collection

use this for the title of a collection of texts: Title Collection Chinese,tcc; Title Collection English,tce; Title Collection Tibetan,tct

bka’ ’gyur and bstan ’gyur; the rnying ma rgyud ’bum

translator

use this for the name of the translator in a bibliographic citation. Translator,tr

Note: when there are two English translations for a single Tib/San/Chi/Mongolian word: put both translations in English column of glossary table, separated by a comma, but add note to the file of things to do after conversion to XML that you need to fix the markup on the English so that each translation is in a separate tag

Languages and Their Abbreviations

Language

Abbreviation

XML Markup

French

fre

German

ger

Italian

ita

Japanese

jap

Korean

kor

Mongolian

mon

Nepali

nep

Pali

pal

Russian

rus

Sanskrit

san

Spanish

spa

Tibetan

tib

Complex persNames

If a person's name has components in more than one language, treat it like any other persName in the Word document. Then, after the essay is converted to XML, internal markup must be added. To do this efficiently, conduct a search on <persName throughout the entire document and check each name individually. Apply styles according to the following examples:

XML Markup for Geographic Features

For geographic features that have an English translation but the English translation includes a Tibetan component, such as Lake Yamdrok, the nested markup for geographic features must be added to the XML file after conversion. In the Word glossary table, enter for example ya ’brog tsho in the Wylie field; enter Yamdrok Lake in the English field; enter Yamdrok Tso in the phonetic field; enter lake in the Type field. After conversion, fix the markup to look like this:

If a single geographic feature occurs more than once in the essay, do the following:

construct the nested markup

copy it

do XPath search on the word (in this example, ya ’brog); be sure to use this syntax for the XPath search to insure that you find all instances, even when ya and ’brog are on different lines in XML file: /*//name[normalize-space(text())='Yamdrok']

Paste in nested markup for each occurrence

XML Markup for Administrative Unit Names

For the names of townships, counties, prefectures, and so forth, use nested markup similar to that used for geographic features and persnames.

Markup for Tibetan, Sanskrit, Chinese and so forth Proper Nouns that Have an English Translation

Some Tibetan, Sanskrit, Chinese, Mongolian, Hindi, or Nepali proper nouns will have an English translation. The most frequent type of word that falls into this category are names of doxographical categories and text titles. In such cases, the markup looks like this:

This also applies if the main word is Sanskrit and it has a Tibetan or Chinese equivalent, when the main word is Chinese and it has a Tibetan or Sanskrit equivalent, and so forth. Whatever is in parentheses needs to have the rend="parenval" markup.

Post-Conversion Fixes to Make in Essay XML Files

As of 2008-11-26, for every footnote, the converter automatically inserts a <bibl> tag inside the <note> tag. This makes the XML file validate, since if you have an <author> tag it MUST be inside <bibl> </bibl> tags. However, if a note does not begin with a bibliographic reference, you need to delete the <bibl> </bibl> tags, and if there is a bibliographic reference in the note but not at the very beginning, you need to move the <bibl> tag to the correct place. So you must check every note.

If there is an author name in the body of the essay, the name goes in the Word glossary table with “author” in the Type column. The converter will then insert <author> tags. If it is with a text title and therefore part of a bibliographic reference, you need to wrap these two in a <bibl> tag. However, if it is a reference to an author that is not part of a bibliographic reference, then you need to change the markup from <author> to <persName type="author">.

Chinese words in ethnic pinyin as well as pinyin: this should only apply to Tibetan words (and especially place names and people names) for which the author has supplied Chinese ethnic pinyin as well as pinyin (if the author has only supplied ethnic pinyin then the pinyin needs to be obtained; for place names and geographic features, search the THL Place Dictionary, http://places.thlib.org to find the corresponding pinyin). Add the ethnic pinyin as the n attribute in the tag that has the pinyin.Example: the Tibetan place name chu dmar leb, where Qumarlêb is ethnic pinyin and Qumalai is pinyin, at first occurrence in the body of the essay it will have: <placeName lang="tib" corresp="entry###" n="Chumarlep">chu dmar leb</placeName> (<placeName lang="chi" corresp="entry###" n="Qumarlêb">Qumalai</placeName>). Then the stylesheet will display the value of the n@ in placeName lang="chi" like this: Chu dmar leb (Qumalai, Qumarlêb)

Post-Conversion Tasks for XML Glossary Files

Ethnic pinyin

If any words in the glossary have ethnic pinyin as well as pinyin, add the ethnic pinyin in parentheses to the glossary entry of its corresponding pinyin.

Adding Markup for Language and Letter Dividers in XML Glossary File

After conversion to XML, you need to add markup in the glossaries that will display as the headers and divisions for each Tibetan letter and as the headers for the Sanskrit section, Chinese section, and Mongolian section.

Adding Letter Dividers for Tibetan Entries

The Tibetan entries should already be in alphabetical order (a Tibetan entry is an entry with Tibetan as the primary language – that is, all the entries that have <rs type="lang">tib</rs> at the bottom of the entry).

In the line above the first ka entry (that is, the first entry that has the root letter ka), you need to add this markup: <anchor type="tiblet" n="ka" rend="Ka"/>. If there is no ka entry then do NOT add the markup <anchor type="tiblet" n="ka" rend="Ka"/>. Rather, proceed to the next step.

Find the first kha entry (if there is one) and add this markup in the line above it: <anchor type="tiblet" n="kha" rend="Kha"/>. If there is no entry that has the root letter kha, then do NOT add the markup <anchor type="tiblet" n="kha" rend="Kha"/>.

Find the first ga entry (if there is one) and add this markup in the line above it: <anchor type="tiblet" n="ga" rend="Ga"/>. If there is no entry that has the root letter ga, then do NOT add the markup <anchor type="tiblet" n="ga" rend="Ga"/>.

Add this markup for every Tibetan letter that appears in the glossary. You can look at a glossary from JIATS 3 (such as mayer; elverskog; mills) as a reference.

Sanskrit Entries

All Sanskrit entries – entries with <rs type="lang">san</rs> at the bottom of the entry – need to be placed in a section after the last Tibetan entry (that is, after the last entry with <rs type="lang">tib</rs>).

Paste this markup in the line above the first Sanskrit entry: <anchor type="tiblet" n="sanskrit" rend="Sanskrit"/>.

You then need to alphabetize the Sanskrit entries according to English alphabetical order.

In the glossary (but not in the essay XML file), all Sanskrit proper nouns (person names, text titles, name of doxographical category, etc.) need to be capitalized.

Chinese Entries

All the Chinese entries—entries with <rs type="lang">chi</rs> at the bottom of the entry – should be after the last Sanskrit entry (that is, after the last entry with <rs type="lang">san</rs>).

Paste this markup in the line above the first Chinese entry: <anchor type="tiblet" n="chinese" rend="Chinese"/>.

You then need to alphabetize the Chinese entries according to English alphabetical order.

In the glossary, all Chinese proper nouns (person names, text titles, name of doxographical category, etc.) need to be capitalized.

Mongolian Entries

All the Mongolian entries—entries with <rs type="lang">mon</rs> at the bottom of the entry – should be after the last Chinese entry (that is, after the last entry with <rs type="lang">chi</rs>).

Paste this markup in the line above the first Mongolian entry: <anchor type="tiblet" n="mongolian" rend="Mongolian"/>.

You then need to alphabetize the Mongolian entries according to English alphabetical order.

In the glossary, all Mongolian proper nouns (person names, text titles, name of doxographical category, etc.) need to be capitalized.

When there are two English translations for a single Tib/San/Chi/Mongolian word: put both translations in English column of glossary table, separated by a comma, but add note to the file of things to do after conversion to XML that you need to fix the markup on the English so that each translation is in a separate tag

Adding Entries to the XML Glossary File

Sometimes it is necessary to add an entry to the XML glossary file (that is, adding an entry after the glossary XML file has already been created).

Adding a Tibetan Entry

For a word that is a Tibetan word (if it has the Tibetan word and also Sanskrit or Chinese or Mongolian, it is considered a Tibetan word if the Tibetan comes first):

Find where the word goes alphabetically within the Tibetan words already in the glossary (Tibetan words in the glossary have <rs type="lang">tib</rs> at the bottom of the entry).

Copy the entire entry for the word in the glossary that immediately precedes the word you are adding.

Hit the return key and paste the entry into the file.

Replace the data in the entry you copied with the data for the entry you are creating (and, if the new entry has data such as dates, English translation, Sanskrit equivalent, and so forth, add that). For example:

You also need to change the value in the <p id="entry####">. To do this you first have to determine what the last entry number used in the glossary is:

Hit the return so you are on a new line (note: these instructions are tailored to the Oxygen text editor and might not work in other text editors).

Type <p and then hit the space bar. A small dialog box with “id” in it should appear. Double-click on “id.” This will then open another dialog box listing all the entry numbers that have been used in the glossary. Scroll through this until you determine the last entry number used. Remember that in this list, the order is that all entries beginning with 1 are first; since this includes 1, 11, 12, 13-19, 100, 101, 102-199, etc, you cannot just scroll to the bottom of the list to find the last entry number.

Once you have found the last entry number, increase it by 1 and use that as the entry number for the entry you are creating (so if the last entry number is 175, then use 176 for the entry you are creating)

You also need to change the value in the <num n="tib-sort-order">ts####</num>. The tib-sort-order determines the order in which Tibetan words display. Take the number for the entry immediately preceding the one you created and add “.1” to it. For example, if the entry that immediately precedes the entry you are adding has <num n="tib-sort-order">ts0015</num>, then the entry you are adding will have <num n="tib-sort-order">ts0015.1</num>.

After you have created the entry in the glossary, you need to go into the article XML file and in the markup for the word, add corresp="entry###". Example: you created an entry in the glossary for rnal ’byor rgyud, and you assigned it id="entry244". In the article XML file, you need to find the markup for rnal ’byor rgyud and add this attribute: corresp="entry244". Thus, the markup in the article XML file will look like this: <name type="doxographical-category" lang="tib" n="Nenjor Gyü" corresp="entry244">rnal ’byor rgyud</name>. You need to add the corresp attribute to every instance of rnal ’byor rgyud in the article XML file. You can find all the instances by doing an XPath Search on /*//orgName[contains(text(),"rnal ’byor rgyud")]; this will return at the bottom of the oXygen window all instances of <name>rnal ’byor rgyud</name>.

Adding a Mongolian, Sanskrit, or Chinese Entry

For a word that is a Mongolian word (if it has the Mongolian word and also Tibetan or Sanskrit or Chinese, it is considered a Mongolian word if the Mongolian comes first):

Find where the word goes alphabetically within the Mongolian words already in the glossary (Mongolian words in the glossary have <rs type="lang">san</rs> at the bottom of the entry).

Copy the entire entry for the word in the glossary that immediately precedes the word you are adding.

Hit the return key and paste the entry into the file.

Replace the data in the entry you copied with the data for the entry you are creating.

You also need to change the value in the <p id="entry####">. To do this you first have to determine what the last entry number used in the glossary is:

Hit the return so you are on a new line

Type <p and then hit the space bar. A small dialog box with “id” in it should appear. Double-click on “id.” This will then open another dialog box listing all the entry numbers that have been used in the glossary. Scroll through this until you determine the last entry number used. Remember that in this list, the order is that all entries beginning with 1 are first; since this includes 1, 11, 12, 13-19, 100, 101, 102-199, etc, you cannot just scroll to the bottom of the list to find the last entry number.

Once you have found the last entry number, increase it by 1 and use that as the entry number for the entry you are creating (so if the last entry number is 175, then use 176 for the entry you are creating)

After you have created the entry in the glossary, you need to go into the article XML file and in the markup for the word, add corresp="entry###". See above, step 3 under “Adding a Tibetan Entry.”