One of the reasons for the lack of recognition of Indigenous Peoples in the discourse on climate change is the scarcity of research and information documenting the full impact of this multifaceted issue on their communities. While articles and papers have been written on related topics (in particular by the World Rainforest Movement), there has yet to be a cohesive published report outlining the areas of concern and action prioritized by Indigenous Peoples. Such a study is necessary in order to raise awareness and demonstrate the need to include Indigenous Peoples in the proceedings of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and related processes. This collection of case studies seeks to move toward those goals by illustrating three different but interconnected features of the issue at hand. Together, the four case studies contained in this volume present a detailed and comprehensive picture of the vital role Indigenous Peoples can – and must – play in the global effort to address climate change.