Planning And Spatial Decision Process Workflows

Structured planning and spatial decision process follows some prototypical workfows. Many decision process models/workflows have been proposed and used for different application domains. For example, Simon (1977, 1979) recognizes that the four steps of intelligence, design, choice, and review are essential tasks of individual decision making in an organization context. Renn et al. (1993) have used a three-step process -- criteria development, options generation, and options evaluation -- in public participatory decision making. Steinitz (1990) sees six steps in modeling for landscape planning which include presentation models, process models, evaluation models, change models, impact models, and decision models, etc.

The workflows consist of prototypical sequencing of process phases. It is assumed that at any phase during the process, the workflow can go back to a previous phase if needed.