TERM

DEFINITION

2 Bar Phrase

Important Minor (of the Dominant)

Scale Map

An outline of a tune or chord progression based on the scales that the chord changes of the tune come from.

Extra Note Rules

Barry Harris’ system of adding Extra Notes to scales.

Up and Down

Typically referring to a scale performed from it’s tonic to it’s 7th degree and back down to the tonic.

Melodic Minor Scale (ascending form)

Tonic, 2nd, flat 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, Major 7th.

Miscellaneous Rule

Refers to the Extra Note Application that begins by starting on any scale degree and running up to any other scale degree, then descending (the scale) using an Extra Note Rule for the starting note.

Rule is Reversed

Applying an even number of Extra Notes where an odd number would normally be applied. Or, vice versa.

Expanded Extra Note Rules

Adding up to 13 Extra Notes to a scale.

Pivoting

Staying within a certain range on your instrument by jumping up or down an interval.

Surrounding

Using 2 notes of a scale to 'surround', above and below, a note of another scale. i.e. the 5th/4th degrees of a Dominant 7th scale surround the tonic of it’s Tritone Dominant 7th scale.

Tritone Dominant Scale

A Dominant 7th Scale a Tritone away from the original Dominant 7th Scale. A common substitution choice for a Dominant 7th Scale.

Double Surround

A way of outlining a Minor 7th chord moving to a Dominant 7th resolving to a Major (or Minor) key. The phrase might use notes of the Dominant 7th Scale to surround a note of it's Tritone Dominant 7th Scale, and then makes use of Tritone Dominant 7th Scale notes to surround a note of the Tonic Maj/Min Scale.

Related Diminished Chord

1) Refers to the Diminished Chord of a key. i.e. the one NOT found in the Major or Minor 6th chord of the particular key.

2) A chord built up in minor 3rds starting from a Major 3rd above the Dominant note of a key.

The Diminished Scale

Family of Dominant 7th Scales

Refers to the 4 Dominant 7th Chords that ‘share’ or that are derived from the same Diminished Chord.

Related Dominant 7th Scales

Dominant 7th Scales based on the Family of 4 Dominant 7ths that 'share' the same Diminished Chord.

Turn-back

Usually 2 bars in length, this is a harmonic progression that is applied to the last 2 bars of the song form, as a way of returning to the beginning of the song form. For a tune beginning on I Major (Minor), the basic turn-back progression would be V7 or IIm7 – V7.

Turn-around

Same as "Turn-back".

One Bar Phrase

A melodic or harmonic phrase, or scale that concludes within 1 bar.

Tritone's Minor (Chord)

A Minor Sixth Chord built from the 5th degree of a Tritone 7th scale.

Tritone's Minor Scale

A Minor Sixth Diminished Scale based on the 5th degree of the Tritone.

Contrary Motion

Movement

Slash Chord

A chord symbol designating the note below the ‘slash’ to be the played as the root of the chord.

'5' to '1'

Movement between chords built on those degrees of the Scale.

Sixth (Chord) on the 5th

A Major Sixth Chord built on the 5th degree of a Major Scale.

Long-Short

Applied to a chord or to a 2 (or more) voice melodic phrase. The chord voicing (phrase) begins in a position where the outside notes (top/bottom) are furthest apart from each-other and then invert to a position where the same notes are closest to each-other.

Short-Long

The opposite of 'Long-Short'.

Drop Chords

Refers to a particular way of voicing chords. In this style, each note of a four-note chord is assigned a number (based on it’s position in the chord). The top note (soprano) is 1, second from the top (alto) is 2, third from the top (tenor) is 3 and bottom note (bass) is 4. Any inversion of the chord works the same way. The 'drop' note (or notes) is taken out of the close position voicing and played down an octave, with the remaining notes played in their original position.

C6 Drop 2 Voicing

The alto voice of a C6 Chord is lowered an octave.

C6 Drop 3 Voicing

The tenor voice of a C6 Chord is lowered an octave.

C6 Drop 1 with the 3 Below

The soprano voice of a C6 Chord is lowered an octave, the tenor voice is then positioned below the soprano voice.

C6 Drop 2 with the 4 Below

The alto voice of a C6 Chord is lowered an octave, the bass voice is then positioned below the alto voice.

Every Minor 7th is a Major 6th

They are inversions.

Every Minor 7th Flat 5 is a Minor 6th

They are inversions.

Chord Inversions

Applying a different order to the same notes of a chord.

Tritone

Also called the Flat 5, or Augmented 4th, every note has a tritone counterpart found 3 whole tones (steps) away.

Tritone Substitute (for the Dom. 7th)

A common form of substitution which might involve a bass note, Dominant 7th Chord or Scale three whole tones away from the original Chord (note, or scale) as a harmonic replacement in a chord progression, or a scale choice for soloing (when the V7 goes to I).

Classical Folks

Family of Minor Sixth Chords

Minor with the 6th in the Bass

Monk's term for a Minor 7th flat 5 Chord

Half-Diminished Chord

Minor 7th Flat 5

Major-Minor-Minor with the 6th (degree) in the Bass

A Chord progression beginning on the Tonic of a key, then moving thru the Diminished to it’s relative minor and again passing thru the Diminished of the key to the Major with the 5th in the bass to the Minor with the 6th degree in the bass. i.e. C Major–B dim.–A minor–Ab dim.–C Major over G–Minor over F#.