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13. You are a physician. Following a PBS special on breast cancer, four women come to visit youbecause each has discovered a lump in her breast. In which of the following women would it beLEAST likely that the lump was cancerous?A. Heather is 22. She was a junior in high school when she got her first period. She has atwo-year-old daughter.B. Amy is 30. Her older sisters both have breast cancer.C. Susan is a 60-year-old woman who is a lawyer. She waited to start her family until shewas 30 years old. She reached menopause last year.D. Barbara is 57. She is greatly overweight. and drinks (alcohol) heavily. She justifies hereating and drinking by explaining that she is going through menopause and has swings inemotions.14. GRN163L is a drug that prevents telomerase from acting. GRN163L might prove to be agood cancer treatment because preventing telomerase activityA. would prevent cancer cells from breaking cell anchorsB. would cause the tumor cells to starve to deathC. would allow the cancer cells to divide indefinitely15. Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about the causes of cancer?A. Genetic mutations cause cancer.B. Genetic mutations can be caused by environmental influences, including radiationand certain chemicals.C. A healthy immune system can help prevent cancer.D. All viruses cause cancer.316. The processing of oxygen can produce harmful chemicals called free radicals, which candamage the cells genetic information (cause mutations). Antioxidants, such as vitamins C, Eand beta-carotene, prevent the formation of free radicals. Based on what you have learnedabout the causes of cancer, which is the most likely explanation for the cancer-preventingaction of foods that contain large amounts of antioxidants?A. They inhibit the formation of blood vessels.B. They trigger cell death in cancer cells.C. They form cell attachments that are exceptionally strong.D. They prevent18. Your sisters breasts get larger and are tender before she gets her period each month. Sheasks you why this happens. You CORRECTLY explain to her thatA. she most likely has fibrocystic breast disorderB. much of the breast is composed of muscle and estrogen causes muscle contractionC. it is caused by a fibroadenomaD. none of the above mutations in tumor-suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes.