A peptic ulcer occurs when the stomach lining or first part of the small intestine begins eroding. Symptoms include gnawing or burning pain in the abdomen between the breastbone and the navel, belching, nausea, vomiting, poor appetite, loss of weight and feeling tired and weak.[1]If you are diagnosed with a peptic ulcer, your medical provider may prescribe antacids, acid blockers or antibiotics to reduce the pain and heal the ulcer. In addition to following your doctor's treatment plan, there are several things you can do to avoid irritating your ulcer and prevent future flare-ups.

Steps

Method1

Taking the Right Medication

1

Take all prescribed medication. If your health care provider has determined your peptic ulcer was caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), antibiotics are necessary to eradicate the bacteria. The H. pylori is a bacteria that weakens the stomach's protective coating enabling damage to the sensitive layers below. If you have H. pylori you will probably be prescribed what is known as "Triple Therapy." This involves you taking three kinds of medication for a certain period of time.

You will need to take two antibiotics, as well as a proton pump inhibitor. The inhibitor will work to reduce acid production.[2]

2

Avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Some NSAIDs can exacerbate your ulcer and cause pain and irritation. Common drugs such as aspirin and ibuprofen can make the stomach more vulnerable to acid and pepsin. These drugs are frequently found in nonprescription medications that you might take to treat a headache or muscle pain. Keep this in mind, check the ingredients and speak with your doctor about whether or not you can take NSAIDs.[3]

3

Be wary of antacids. Many antacids are available over the counter which can relieve irritation and pain of heartburn and indigestion. While they might ease discomfort, they will not treat or cure an ulcer. If you want to take antacids be sure to speak to your doctor about it first as they can block the absorption of your prescribed medication, and consequently lower it's effectiveness.

In general doctors suggest taking antacids at least an hour before, or two hours after, you take your prescribed medication.

Method2

Eating Well

1

Avoid food that increases the production of stomach acid. The foods which may irritate ulcers vary from person to person. Some people can eat whatever they like without any increased irritation, but this is not true for everyone. You will have to learn over time which foods cause you problems and cut them out or limit them in your diet. A good place to start is with foods which increase your stomach acid production.[5]

Patients with peptic ulcers should avoid diets rich in red meat, fried or fatty foods, and refined foods, such as flour or sugar.

Be cautious of dairy foods with whole milk or cream.

Spearmint, peppermint and other minty foods seem to increase the production of stomach acid.[6]

Diets heavy in these foods can lead to further ulcer irritation and an increase in stomach acid.

2

Steer clear of food that may irritant your ulcer. As well as foods that can provoke increased production of stomach acid, some other foods can irritate your ulcer more directly. In practice this will vary from person to person, but there are some general recommendations for those with an ulcer. The first of these is to try to avoid eating spicy food. The sting you feel from spicy food if you have a cut on your finger or mouth can be replicated in your stomach or intestine if you have an ulcer.

The second recommendation is to avoid citrus and acidic foods and drinks. Highly acidic orange or lemon juice could irritate the ulcer and cause you pain.[7]

You should also be wary of tomato products, onions and garlic and heavily seasoned food in general.[8]

3

Eat plenty of fiber. Diets rich in whole grains and fiber rich foods, with limited dairy, help control the production of stomach acid. Ensure you get plenty of fibrous vegetables as part of your healthy balanced diet. If you are not consuming enough vitamin-rich foods your body may find it harder to heal your ulcer.[9]

Continue to drink 6-8 glasses of water each day as part of your healthy diet.[13]

4

Eat meals according to a regular schedule. A peptic ulcer sufferer is not advised to eat sporadic meals that vary in size. Doing so may cause disruption in the normal production of stomach acid, and end up irritating an ulcer. Keeping meals small and regular can help level out stomach acid. Your stomach may deal better with small regular meals than large irregular ones.

Method3

Knowing Other Things to Avoid

1

Reduce consumption of alcohol. Heavy consumption of alcohol is a risk factor in the development of peptic ulcers.[15] If you have been diagnosed with an ulcer, continued consumption of alcohol can contribute to irritation of ulcers and you should avoid it if you have an ulcer. This is especially true for strong alcohol and liquors.[16]

Alcohol can also lead gastritis, an inflammation of the stomach, that can severely impact the amount of time it will take for an ulcer to heal.[17]

2

Cut down on caffeine. Much like certain foods, caffeine can contribute to an increase in the secretion of stomach acid, which in turn increases the likelihood of your ulcer becoming irritated. Many stimulants have this effect and are best avoided when you have an ulcer. Caffeine is found in a wide variety of drinks such as coffee, tea, energy drinks and soda, so be sure to check the label if you're uncertain.[18]

It is thought that even decaffeinated coffee can increase stomach acid production. So it may be best to avoid even decaffeinated coffee.[19]

3

Avoid nicotine. Quit smoking and avoid second-hand smoke. The chemicals in cigarette smoke can weaken the stomach lining, which irritates current ulcers or may even cause new ulcers to develop. Similar to other stimulants, nicotine may contribute to an increase in the production of stomach acid, which can irritate an ulcer. Nicotine can also lead to inflammation which hampers the healing process.[20]

4

Reduce stress. Although there is an uncertain correlation between stress and ulcer pain, some ulcer sufferers find that when emotional stress in their life rises, so does the ulcer irritation. A program that reduces stress may have beneficial consequences and help you avoid irritating your ulcer. Try regularly practicing relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation or tai chi.

Some research suggests that a formal stress reduction program with a class might be more effective for those with an ulcer than doing it at home alone.[21]

Community Q&A

A serving of hot chocolate generally contains around 5 mg of caffeine. This may not be enough to irritate an ulcer by itself, but you should probably steer clear of any chocolate products, as chocolate is known to cause heartburn. Be sure to discuss your food and drink options with your doctor.

If this question (or a similar one) is answered twice in this section, please click here to let us know.

Warnings

Call your doctor immediately if you experience a sudden increase in abdominal pain or sharpness in the quality of the pain, vomiting blood or material that looks like coffee grounds, or blood in your stool or black, tarry stools.[22]