Febrile neutropenia is having a fever of ≥38.3 ºC or ≥38 ºC over an hour and neutropenia that is having an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of <500 neutrophils/mm3 or an ANC <1000 neutrophils/mm3 expected to decline to ≤500 neutrophils/mm3 over the next 48 hours.
The risk of febrile neutropenia is directly proportional to the duration and severity of neutropenia.
Fever is frequently the only indication of infection in the neutropenic patient.

In this issue of MIMS Anti-Infective Supplement, we bring you clinical updates related to combating infectious diseases, and also a symposium highlight in conjunction with the launch of ceftolozane/tazobactam (Zerbaxa; Merck Sharp & Dohme Sdn Bhd) in Malaysia.

Diclofenac reduces the use of antibiotics in women with uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection (UTI) but remains less effective than norfloxacin for symptom relief of UTI, according to a recent study. In addition, diclofenac appears to be associated with an elevated risk of pyelonephritis.