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Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Acalypha Hispida

Acalypha hispida,
the Chenille plant, is a flowering shrub which belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae, the
subfamily , and the genus Acalypha. Acalypha is the fourth
largest genus of the Euphorbiaceae family, and contains many plants native to
Hawaii and Oceania. This plant is also known as the Philippines
Medusa, red hot cat's tail and fox tail in English, pokok
ekor kucing in Malay,Rabo de Gato in Portuguese and Tai
tượng đuôi chồn in Vietnamese. Also, famous as Chenille
Plant and Bristly Copperleaf. Acalypha hispida is
cultivated as a house plant because of its attractiveness and brilliantly
colored, furry flowers. The plant originated in Oceania, but
has become naturalized to multiple countries in North America, including the
United States, Mexico, and Belize. It can grow to be five to twelve feet
(1.8-3.7 meters) tall, and have a spread of three to six feet (0.9-1.8 meters),
with potted plants being the smallest in growth. Chenille plant is an
erect, sparsely branched shrub that can get 6-12 ft (1.8-3.7 m) high with a
spread of 3-6 ft (0.9-1.8 m). The evergreen leaves are oval, 4-9 in (10-23
cm) long, 3-4 in (7.6-10 cm) wide, and pointed on the tips. Chenille Plant is
dioecious, meaning that the staminate (male) and pistillate (female) flowers
are on separate plants. The pistillate flowers are purple, bright red or
crimson, and clustered in velvety catkins, 8-20 in (20-51 cm) long and an inch
in diameter.

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They are dense and fluffy, like a cat's tail,
and they appear intermittently throughout the whole year as long as conditions
are favorable. The brightly colored pendulous tassels of Chenille Plant are
extremely showy, and a specimen in full bloom is a spectacular sight. The plant has become somewhat domesticated,
due to the nature and color of its flowers. It can be grown from seeds as well
as from cuttings. It can be kept either as an outdoor plant or as a houseplant.
However, care should be taken in growing it, as all parts of the plant are
poisonous if ingested by animals. The plant is dioecious, and therefore there are distinct male
and female members of the species. The female plant bears pistillate flowers which range in color from
purple to bright red, and grow in clusters along catkins. This feature is the primary reason the plant
bears the nickname “red-hot cat tail”. The pistillates will grow all year long
as long as the temperatures are favorable.

Chenille Plant can be grown on a porch, and brought indoors during cold weather. It is a very showy specimen in a hanging basket with its fluffy red tassels hanging over the sides. Winter hardy to USDA Zones 10 to 11. In its native area, it tolerates a wide range of soil conditions from acidic to slightly alkaline and will grow in sand, loam or clay. It has moderate drought tolerance and poor salt tolerance and will grow in full sun to part shade. In the St. Louis area, it must be grown in containers which can be placed outside on decks and patios during warm weather or it can be grown indoors year-round in an area that receives bright, indirect light. When placed outside, avoid direct afternoon sun. In winter, plants benefit from misting to maintain higher humidity levels, but do not spray flowers. They are relatively trouble free, but watch for mealybugs, red spider mites and scale. Prune severely to 4 to 8 inches in spring to encourage new growth and increased bloom; remove spent flowers. Indoors, keep soil moderately moist, but not soggy. Feed monthly from March to September.

Problems

For best indoor success, very high humidity should be maintained. Also, spider mites, mealybugs and scale may be a problem when grown indoors.

Garden Uses

In St. Louis, grow in containers or baskets on decks, patios or rooftop gardens. It is a good plant for color and should be used as an accent for both color and texture in a container. Or, it can be grown year-round in a greenhouse or sun room giving the area a tropical feel.