Course Descriptions

GBUS 701, 702 - (5) (Y)Management CommunicationBroadens students' knowledge of contemporary communication issues, while offering opportunities to develop oral, visual, and written skills. Introduces a strategic model that can be applied from the level of an individual manager advocating an idea to the level of an organization communicating with multiple constituencies. Year-long themes include analyzing audiences, demonstrating credibility, making decisions and focusing messages, persuading and influencing others, dealing with the effects of technology, and responding to changing cultural contexts. Exposure to the corporate communication function prepares students to be an effective agent in and spokesperson for their organizations..

GBUS 703, 704 - (5) (Y)Business and the Political EconomyCovers analysis, appraisal, and prediction of the international business environment using social science concepts and techniques, and helps students understand the global political economy and master macroeconomic analysis of industrialized and developing countries, international trade and finance, and money and capital markets. Covers the macro and industrial policies of nation states as well as the global strategies of corporations.

GBUS 705, 706 - (5) (Y)FinanceProvides insights into the challenges senior managers face in creating value for shareholders and stake-holders. Main areas of focus are the wise investment of capital and the selection of financial policies in support of long-term strategy. Seeks to impart valuation (of projects, securities, and whole firms, and of the incremental effect of new policies) skills. Students master tools and concepts in structure of capital markets, cost of capital, financial analysis and forecasting, working-capital management, capital budgeting, resource allocation, dividend policy, long-term debt policy, selection of specific financing tactics, and corporate restructuring. Draws on ideas from the fields of investments, capital markets, and financial institutions.

GBUS 707, 708 - (5) (Y)AccountingConcerns financial-statement literacy and enables students to use accounting information for analysis and decision making. Deals with basic accounting concepts, development of financial statements, cash-flow analysis, cost accounting, management control systems, and financial-accounting policies. Fosters understanding of business transactions, identification of relevant economic events, and determination of appropriate financial measures for those events.from
the behavior it measures and influences.

GBUS 709, 710 - (5) (Y)MarketingIntroduces essential marketing concepts and develops students' ability to apply them to management decisions in ways that create customer satisfaction, value, and retention. Organized around the fundamentals of marketing strategy: segmentation, targeting, and positioning; and the "marketing mix," which refers to the set of tactics that implement the strategy. When guided by a statement of goals and objectives and accompanied by financial projections and implementation plans, these fundamental concepts become a Marketing Plan.

GBUS 711, 712 - (5) (Y)OperationsDevelops skills in analysis and decision-making in operating situations. Objectives include developing skills in assessing operating performance capabilities, framing issues through in-depth analysis and discussion of operations-management problems in services, distribution, and manufacturing businesses; practicing managerial decision-making skills in those aspects of operations management necessary for the development and implementation of effective resource-allocation plans; and providing an understanding of the role of effective systems for operations planning and control, as well as performance improvement activities.

GBUS 713, 714 - (5) (Y)Organizational BehaviorFocuses on the challenges of managing and leading enterprises of today and the future. Builds strong foundations in understanding individuals, building effective working relationships, creating effective teams, and developing the critical skills and perspectives needed to grasp the broader organizational contexts of structures and systems in which these activities occur. The challenges and opportunities presented by diversity and globalization are addressed.

GBUS 715, 716 - (5) (Y)Quantitative AnalysisDevelops the skill and perspective of using quantitative techniques to gain insight into the resolution of practical business problems. Emphasizes designing analyses to fit circumstances and interpreting results in the context of making action choices. The methodologies of decision and risk analysis, probability and statistics, competitive analysis, and management science are studied and integrated with personal judgment and intuition in realistic business situations.

GBUS 718 - (2.5) (Y)EthicsEnables students to reason about ethics in business administration in a complex, dynamic, global environment. Objectives are to apply frameworks for moral reasoning to complex business issues; to appreciate the role of ethics in business decision making; to develop a general-management perspective that includes an ability to formulate, analyze, and defend decisions in ethical terms; to analyze ethical issues that appear in other Darden courses; and to examine one's own ethics and test them in conversation with peers.

GBUS 720 - (2.5) (Y)StrategyEquips students with concepts, frameworks, and questions required to think strategically about an enterprise. Entails analyzing and understanding how a firm creates and captures value, how it achieves competitive advantage within the context of its industry and competitors, and how it manages risks and shapes the future. Develops insight for leading both established businesses and new ventures.

GBUS 802 - (1.5) (Y)Corporate CommunicationThis course is for the general manager who is interested in communication and media, who might need corporate communication skills when managing a small or large enterprise, who is interested in a career that intersects the corporate communication function, or who wishes to make more effective use of communication professionals as a manager. This course is based on three interrelated themes: corporate perception, identity, and competitiveness; communication and technology; crises communication and issues management.

GBUS 803 - (1.5) (Y)Health Care ManagementThis course examines the health industry from
the standpoint of the manager or entrepreneur who seeks to understand the fundamental
challenges
now occurring in the health industry. The course examines the industry from
the perspective of the large hospital and health system, the pharmaceutical
or biotechnology company, and health care related capital ventures. It reviews
how often conflicting perspectives have led to the changing financial and organizational
expectations that are now faced by todays manager.

GBUS 804 - (1.5) (Y)Introduction to Real Estate Finance and DevelopmentIntroduces the analytical techniques and terminology specific
to the real estate industry. Students will consider such topics as an historical
overview of the industry, techniques of financial analysis, commercial and residential
development, financing alternatives, property management, and current concepts
of real estate development.

GBUS 805 - (1.5) (Y)Entrepreneurship: An IntroductionThis course is designed to build on concepts and ideas explored
in the First Year segment on entrepreneurship. It is a survey course and, as such, will
familiarize you with the processes by which entrepreneurial ideas are generated
and translated into successful enterprises. The course addresses, in broad terms,
both entrepreneurs and their environments.

GBUS 806 - (1.5) (Y)Sustainable Innovation and EntrepreneurshipThis course introduces students to sustainable business strategies
and practices as a dynamic and emerging frontier of innovation and entrepreneurial
activity in the economy. Ecological and environmental and related public health
issues are growing in importance for firms worldwide due to increasing demands
imposed by customers, investors, communities, non-governmental organizations
(NGOs), insurance companies, and regulators.

GBUS 809 - (1.5) (Y)Corporate GovernanceThis course covers the topics with which boards of directors
and CEOs most commonly deal. The course begins with coverage of the legal obligations
which directors must fulfill. The general topic of management compensation will
be covered, including management contracts, parachutes, non-compete agreements,
salary systems, various incentive systems, and the roles and merits of stock
options and restricted stock.

GBUS 810 - (1.5) (Y)Management Planning and Control SystemsThis course examines the design
and use of planning and control systems for implementing organizational strategy
and achieving growth and profit
goals. The primary focus is on accounting-based controlsthat is, controls
that involve the use of financial measures and tools for allocating resources,
measuring performance and regulating inter-unit activity.

GBUS 811 - (1.5) (Y)Decisions in Financial ReportingThis course examines significant financial
accounting and reporting issues in the context of the management decisions those
issues require. Students
study such topics as revenue recognition, accounting for loss contingencies,
capitalization and recognition of expensesthe very issues that have been
the subject of so much recent press and that are now hot issues within many
companies. Students should see themselves as members of their firms executive
committeepeople who know the business intimately and who have a legitimate
interest in how the results of the business will be reported.

GBUS 812 - (3) (Y)Corporate Financial ReportingThe objective of this course is to help
students develop a rich, conceptual understanding of our societys accounting
and financial reporting system. The course explores contemporary issues (corporate
governance,
the role of the auditors, mergers and acquisitions, intangible assets, derivatives
and stock options) and classic issues (revenue recognition and valuation reserves),
working to understand the issues and consider the implications for the numerous
constituencies served by the financial reporting system. It examines the impact
that the recent accounting and related business scandals have had on investor
confidence and the capital markets, analyzes some specific examples of the fraudulent
financial reporting, and addressed the progress that has been made toward establishing
international accounting standards.

GBUS 813 - (1.5) (Y)Creating New Products and ServicesThis class covers the basic steps in developing a new product or service. The early part of the course focuses on the issue of how to identify unmet customer needs and generate new product ideas. Next, students learn how firms convert such "cool ideas" into actual products or services, and actually do so themselves via a hands-on team project. Students identify an unmet need, develop alternative product or service concepts to meet that need, flesh out these concepts via a powerful communicative process of iterative prototyping, and examine product economics and architectural issues for product line or platform development. Final working prototypes are presented at a design fair attended by a panel of product development practitioners and members of the University community.

GBUS 815 - (1.5) (Y)Post-Merger IntegrationThis course addresses two issues in strategy: the role of acquisitions
and diversification in corporate strategy; and the achievement of merger objectives
(usually, synergies) after the deal is done. The purpose of the course is to
give students experience in corporate-level strategic thinking, and to tackle
the challenges and problems most businesses encounter in integrating acquisitions.
The course will consist of cases, exercises, and a variety of readings from
business and history.

GBUS 816 - (1.5) (Y)Taxation of Mergers and AcquisitionsCourse will survey and analyze Federal income tax issues encountered
in structuring mergers and acquisitions and other corporate-shareholder transactions
in both taxable and tax-free formats. Topics include comparison from both buyer
and seller perspectives of advantages and disadvantages of sales (purchase)
of assets vs. sale (purchase) of stock in taxable transactions, techniques in
structuring tax-free reorganizations, distributions of corporate divisions and
subsidiaries, and introduction to the tax aspects of business valuation.

GBUS 819 - (1.5) (Y)Taxation and Management DecisionsThis course explores how taxes affect a variety of fundamental
business issues such as forming a company, compensating employees and attracting
investors. This course provides students with a framework for evaluating the
priority taxes have in business decisions, and for becoming more effective entrepreneurs,
managers and business advisors. This course creates an awareness of how taxes
affect the financial returns of organizational decisions and provides tools
with which to evaluate the tax consequences of those decisions.

GBUS 820 - (1.5) (Y)Business Ethics through LiteratureThis course seeks to broaden and
deepen understanding of management and, in particular, the role of ethics in
management. It builds on the conversations
in GBUS 718, and addresses several key themes for todays manager. Among
the issues the course discusses are: the definition of success in business,
race, gender, the role of culture, the privileged place of the executive, and
new understandings or models of human beings. The course has fiction, both
novels
and short stories as its texts.

GBUS 821 - (1.5) (Y)Starting New VenturesThis course examines the key issues involved
in starting up an all-new venture. Cases, guest lecturers and a field project
address the managerial,
financial, legal, and personal challenges likely to be encountered by the "independent"
entrepreneur. Recommended for those interested in initiating a personal venture,
working with an early stage entrepreneurial team, or seeking entry into Dardens
Progressive Incubator.

GBUS 822 - (1.5) (Y)Acquisition of Closely-Held EnterprisesThe primary objective of this course is to expose the student
to entrepreneurial career options. In addition, this course introduces participants
to personal acquisition as an entry mechanism for an entrepreneurial career
and alternative ways of acquiring a business of their own.

GBUS 823 - (1.5) (Y)Management of Smaller EnterprisesIncreasingly, successful M.B.A.s
are deciding that they would rather lead in a smaller business than follow in
a large one. Managing
a smaller enterprise is an art related to, but substantially different from,
managing a large corporation; the issues, challenges, and perspectives differ
as much as the numbers in the financials. This course provides participants
a hands-on opportunity to understand business opportunities and challenges
from the perspective of the owner-general manager of a smaller enterprise. It
addresses
what happens after the start-up or acquisition of a firm.

GBUS 824, 825 - (1.5) (Y)Reading Seminar in Management I, IIThe purpose of these courses is to expose students to a wide
range of ideas about the practices of management from a variety of points of
view--ancient and modern. Students are responsible for reading one book a week
chosen from the areas of management classics, classics of civilization, or current
management thought. By practicing critical evaluation of and reflection on the
works and by engaging each other and faculty in intense, small-group (12-15)
discussions of the concepts, students will be able to draw on a wide base of
ideas as they face the complex and volatile work environment.

GBUS 826 - (3) (Y)Corporate StrategyThis course covers the strategic interface between
parent corporations and operating divisions with a strong emphasis on the analytical
and financial
relationships. Corporate strategies primarily revolve around the appropriateness
of various divisions (and potential acquisitions) for inclusion in the corporate
portfolio of businesses. Divisional strategies in turn require extensive understanding
of competitors and realistic product, marketing, and pricing strategies, based
on the divisions role in the corporate portfolio.

GBUS 827 - (1.5) (Y)Thomas Jefferson Reading SeminarThis seminar on leadership and management
is built around Dumas Malones six-volume biography on Thomas Jefferson, Undaunted Courage
by Stephen Ambrose, Founding Brothers by Joseph Ellis, John Adams
by David McCullough, and the two prize-winning films on Jefferson by Ken Burns.
Participants will include students and faculty from the Darden School, along
with interested UVa alumni involved in various capacities at the University.
The format is of a group of people interested in a subject, who research the
subject individually and then come together to share their insights with the
group in written and oral form.

GBUS 828 - (1.5) (Y)|Introduction to Business LawA general introduction to areas of business
law (excluding tax law) of particular relevance to general managers and their
financial advisers.
The course includes an overview of the foundations of the American legal systemthe
law of contracts, property, and torts, as well as substantive areas that managers
routinely encounter, such as corporate governance, antitrust, and bankruptcy.
This course provides the opportunity to develop a familiarity with the principles
and vocabulary of law, and strives in particular to help students develop the
analytical techniques characteristic of legal reasoning.

GBUS 829 - (1.5) (Y)Venture CapitalThis course focuses on the venture capitalists' professional world and how VCs work with entrepreneurs to create substantial, enduring ventures. The course addresses how venture capital firms are formed, funded and managed; how firms manage their relationships with the Limited Partners who provide their investment capital; how entrepreneurs seek funding and assistance from venture capitalists; and how the parties work together to build successful major companies.

GBUS 830 - (1.5) (Y)Management of International BusinessThis course introduces students to the special aspects of operating in the global environment. The course addresses fundamental concepts and tools that international business managers need to know, as well as the need to develop awareness of and respect for other cultures. In order to accomplish these objectives, a cross-functional approach is taken. The course addresses how differences in countries' economic, political, cultural, and legal environments affect functional business decisions in the fields of strategy, finance, marketing, production, and organizational behavior. The course does not typically address these fields separately but, instead, stresses integration within an international business context. Besides covering diverse functional areas, the course also examines business issues within a variety of countries and geographic regions.

GBUS 833 - (1.5) (Y)Business-Government RelationsTodays complex environment favors
managers who understand government processes, are politically aware, are mindful
of the interaction
between media and government and business, and appreciate how business can
gain strategic advantage by monitoring and working with government at all levels.
The purpose of this course is to prepare students to meet these managerial requirements,
and to participate in complex decisions when changing laws, regulations, and
other governmental factors have major long-term implications.

GBUS 840 - (1.5) (Y)Valuation in Financial MarketsThis course focuses on key valuation concepts in finance. Building
on the valuation principles in First Year Finance, it explores in more depth
the ways in which financial market participants value financial assets. The
implications of these financial market valuations for corporate management are
also explored.

GBUS 841 - (1.5) (Y)Financial ManagementThe course will deal with the tools, concepts, and decisions
that managers use in making investment and financing decisions, and is designed
for students who want to extend their knowledge of operating finance beyond
what was achieved in the First Year course. Not open to students in GBUS 840.

GBUS 842 - (1.5) (Y)Corporate Financial PoliciesThe course takes the viewpoint of a CFO of a publicly held corporation who makes decisions and formulates policies on several issues, including corporate borrowing and relationships with capital providers, risk management, dividends and share repurchases, and performance measurement. The class applies basic valuation techniques (discounted cash flow and options pricing) and general logic to arrive at reasonable decisions on often difficult financial issues.

GBUS 843 - (1.5) (Y)Derivative Securities: Options and FuturesPrerequisite: GBUS 840.
The objective of this course is to provide
an in-depth understanding of option and futures pricing theory and the application
of these types of securities.
The course deals with broad array of different options and futures contracts.

GBUS 844 - (1.5) (Y)Entrepreneurial Finance and Private EquityPrerequisite: GBUS 840.
This course explores a comprehensive set of
financial situations that arise in high growth and high risk enterprises, beginning
with firms at
an early stage of development, progressing to middle stage firms, and then
finishing with late stage investments. Discussions cover some key financial considerations,
such as how to measure returns, value the enterprise at different stages of
development, and structure the deal using various forms of financing. The private
equity market is also becoming increasingly institutionalized and this course
critically explores some of the latest valuation methods to assess their usefulness.

GBUS 845 - (1.5) (Y)Small Enterprise FinanceThe purpose of the course is to provide participants with experience
in the analysis and resolution of financial issues in the context of the small
enterprise that has no or, at best, limited access to the public-equity market.
In addition to consideration of typical issues of asset management, the course
considers topics such as structuring bank loans, financing with leases, benefit
plans, and transfer of the business to the next generation or selling it. There
are no prerequisites, but student wishing to refresh their first year finance
material are encouraged to take the Financial Management course first.

GBUS 847 - (1.5) (Y)Corporate FinancingPrerequisite: GBUS 840.
The course covers traditional forms of capital
raising such as IPOs, bank loan syndication, and fixed-rate convertible bonds
as well as
innovative financing arrangements such as Asset Backed Securities, PIPEs, ADRs
and Project Finance. The emphasis is on understanding the issuers needs,
the terms and features which can be included in financial arrangements, the
potential buyers of the security, the appropriate target markets for the issue,
and how these factors work to lower a firms capital costs. The goal is
to develop greater understanding of the capital acquisition process and the
appropriate use of a wide variety of financing arrangements. The course is
roughly
split in half between equity and debt type financing arrangements.

GBUS 849 - (1.5) (Y)Capital Market Flows and InstitutionsPrerequisite: GBUS 840.
This course looks at the factors influencing
the flows of funds in the economy. It begins with the role of the government
and its influence
on capital markets as the largest net borrower and as the primary regulator.
Other participants such as depository institutions, pension funds, investment
banks and quasi-governmental agencies are examined, and their roles in the funds-intermediation
process are analyzed. An important aspect is to understand the process of innovation
in financial markets for arbitrage or risk management purposes and the increasing
globalization of the markets. Modules for the course include credit creation,
money markets, depository institutions, Euromarkets and mortgage finance.

GBUS 850 - (1.5) (Y)Strategic Management of Financial Service OrganizationsAfter an introduction to the types of institutions that compose the industry, the following broad topics are covered: (1) the new entrants: the growth and profitability of segments of the FSO arena have attracted new players, (2) transformations of existing FSOs to meet new market demands: investment banks, thrifts, insurance companies, commercial banks, and mutual funds have all had to move quickly to adjust to changes in their environments, and (3) new products and new delivery systems.

GBUS 851 - (1.5) (Y)Managing Turnarounds and WorkoutsThis course covers the restructuring (turnaround) and resuscitation
(workouts) of troubled and bankrupt companies. Perspectives include the turnaround
manager as well as the creditors, primarily long-term, who are often the major
decision makers in these circumstances. Guest speakers will discuss legal, accounting,
investment banking, lending, and management aspects to augment the case content.
A workout negotiation is also included.

GBUS 855 - (1.5) (Y)Financial TradingPrerequisite: GBUS 840.
This course examines the nature and influence
of trading in financial markets. Particular attention is directed to the role
of noise in
financial markets; cognitive illusions and pitfalls in decision-making by market
participants; the identification of potentially profitable trades; the development
of sound money management skills, arbitrage and quasi-arbitrage transactions;
positive feedback trading, back office processing of trades; the management
of the trading function; and the development of various expert trading systems.
Two mock pit-trading sessions give firsthand experience in simulated pit trading
environments and illustrate necessary trading skills. A simulated trading game
runs for most of the course.

GBUS 857 - (1.5) YMergers and AcquisitionsPrerequisite: GBUS 840.
This course guides students to develop a concept, design a deal, and present a proposal for an M&A transaction. All transactions begin with the spark of an idea; translating that idea into a concrete proposal takes hard work. The course surveys a number of analytic tools, and then exercises them and students' presentation skills in a "pitch book" exercise. It also surveys some strategic frameworks useful in M&A, and the steps necessary to translate a concept into a solid proposal. This course also teaches students to form opinions about proposed deals. Additionally, students will explore the jargon, key players, and institutional perspectives of M&A.

GBUS 860 - (1.5) (Y)Marketing StrategyMarketing Strategy is designed to give students an opportunity to elaborate and refine their working knowledge of basic marketing strategy concepts. It should also enhance understanding of the underlying principles of business and corporate strategy. An objective of the course is to develop the ability to "think strategically". To this end, this course examines a series of books that discuss strategy generalizations developed by marketing practitioners or address recent topics (buzz, emotion marketing, and permission marketing) that may require rethinking of existing strategy generalizations.

GBUS 861 - (1.5) (Y)Business-to-Business MarketingThe purpose of this course is to provide
students with an overview of marketing strategy concepts and tools that are most
relevant to business-to-business
marketers with an emphasis on marketing strategy formulation and implementation.
Emphasis is placed on marketing strategys role as part of the business
strategy development process and addresses marketing issues at the nexus of
other functional areas. Modules include: organizing the marketing function,
managing complex marketing problems in channels of distribution, sales force
management, new product development, customer relationship management and developing/implementing
the marketing planning process. Attention is given as well to the role of e-commerce
and how it impacts the traditional model of B2B marketing.

GBUS 862 - (1.5) (Y)Consumer MarketingThis course has as its objective to add to the analytical and
conceptual frameworks introduced in the first year marketing courses the skills
and knowledge needed to perform successfully as an executive involved in designing
and directing marketing strategies. The sub-objectives are to hone skills with
first year frameworks as regards the consumer, channels and competition; provide
exposure to major issues facing marketers; deepen understanding the marketing
mix and its elements.

GBUS 863 - (1.5) (Y)Marketing ResearchThis course focuses on marketing research as an aid to management
decision-making. Three broad sets of issues are dealt with: planning, design,
and analysis. Both quantitative and qualitative techniques will be discussed,
including focus groups, surveys, and choice models. The planning phase of a
marketing research project involves the setting of goals and objectives, and
then refining these until a clear set of research questions is identified. In
the design phase, managers must understand the differences between qualitative
and quantitative techniques, select appropriate research collection methods,
and identify relevant sample groups. Once market research information has been
collected, it must be transformed through analysis into answers to the research
questions identified in the first phase of the process.

GBUS 874 - (3) (Y)Personal Assessment and Career StrategyThis course is an opportunity for students to take a rigorous look at what
they want to do with their first
jobsand their careers and lives. Students analyze their talents, preferences,
and personality and compare them to various job opportunities. The course also
develops inductive decision-making, a key managerial skill.

GBUS 875 - (3) (Y)Managerial PsychologyThis course focuses on the major psychological issues that
underlie and contribute to the effective and at times ineffective performance
of people in managerial roles. The course begins with the development of a model
of personality. Issues such as gender, race, meaning, habits of excellence,
relationships, creativity and life long development (growth) will be examined.
The course is designed to consider those issues that although not visible at
first glance prove to be at the heart of why things are the way they are. .
. not what they seem.

GBUS 876 - (1.5) (Y)Creating Value through RelationshipsThis course expands students portfolio of interpersonal
skills and enhances their ability to use those skills effectively. Primary learning
in the course comes from experiential learning about oneself and ones
impact on others, case discussion, network and best practice analysis, and
speakers
discussing how relationships drive their success. Topics include listening,
feedback and appraisal, making tough calls, emotional intelligence, building
trust, dealing with conflict, working with diverse others, and repairing relationships.
With emphasis on future management contexts, students begin to understand how
skill in building relationships impacts the whole enterprise.

GBUS 880 - (1.5) (Y)Operations StrategyThis integrative course focuses broadly on strategic management
principles of the operations function in both manufacturing and service industries.
Key objectives are improved understanding of some of the generic concepts and
methodology of manufacturing and operations strategy and learning how the operations
function can be used as a significant source of potential competitive advantage.
Examples of successful global competitors in several industries are used throughout
the course. Topics covered include quality, technology, time-based competition,
marketing-based manufacturing, global sourcing, focused manufacturing and capacity
and facilities planning.

GBUS 881 - (1.5) (Y)Manufacturing Planning and ControlThis course surveys the very latest thinking from around the world on how manufacturing companies are seeking to achieve this combination of low cost and customization, concentrating on the specific analytical techniques companies are finding useful in the implementation of these ideas. Many of these techniques, such as materials requirements planning (MRP), just-in-time, total quality management (TQM), total productive maintenance (TPM), cost accounting, forecasting, and even the recently popular theory of constraints, have actually been around for awhile but are being adapted for the new competitive environment.

GBUS 883 - (1.5) (Y)Supply Chain ManagementThe increasing globalization of business and heightened use
of suppliers in most industries has led to great interest among senior management
of most companies in supply chain management issues. In many cases, supply chain
design and coordination has become an important source of competitive advantage.
This course is designed to provide an understanding of the functional and strategic
role of supply chains in both manufacturing and service industries, with emphasis
on global supply chains originating and ending in North America.

GBUS 884 - (1.5) (Y)InnovationInnovation plays an essential role in the development and achievement
of long-term competitive advantage. This course has three main themes: creating
and realizing value, prioritizing opportunities, and managing the innovation
process. This course deals with both small and large corporations, and usually
encompasses a range of technologies.

GBUS 885 - (1.5) (Y)E-Business SeminarThe pace of Internet business evolution has proven
to be as rapid during the extinction phase as it was in the evolutionary phase
for new
companies and their business models. Nevertheless, there will be winners and
survivors; old-economy companies and pure-plays with successful business models
will emerge after the current "nuclear winter" for dot.com and technology
companies. Even more importantly, the web will be used by established firms
to create an effective on-line channel, support internal process improvement,
enhance their automation exploiting peer-to-peer computing, and tighten their
virtual integration with customers and suppliers. The course examines the business
models and strategies of both pure-play survivors and established firms to attempt
to understand the keys to successfully exploiting the Internet and related technologies.

GBUS 886 - (3) (Y)System DynamicsThis course provides an accelerated introduction to a body of skills and techniques that complements students' business training with an expanded, methodological approach to understanding and addressing business complexities. Students will learn to use "systems thinking" tools and techniques to address sub-optimal performance in a variety of situations spanning multiple industries, and how to formulate, communicate, and test logical, effective business strategies based on a deeper understanding of the factors giving rise to a particular business issue.

GBUS 887 - (1BD) (Y)Seminar in StrategyThis course allows students to become competently conversant
with relevant current issues in strategic thinking and the practice of strategy,
to treat ideas in greater depth and rigor than possible in a traditional case
course, and to sharpen strategic thinking abilities and instincts. The course
consists of a variety of readings from books, management journals, and academic
journals and working papers.

GBUS 890 - (1.5) (Y)Management Decision ModelsThis course will be treated as a workshop in decision consulting
and modeling. Applications receiving special attention are strategy analysis
and modeling (options thinking, hybrid strategies, and contingent strategy under
uncertainty), dynamic models (such as random walk, brand-switching dynamics),
and financial modeling (correlation, exposure, hedging, and simulation of real
options). New methodology will treat risk preference, tornado diagram sensitivity
and risk management, correlated variables and scenarios, dynamic uncertainty
models, multi-attribute values and decisions, and the decision quality process
used in decision consulting. The course is about creating models and model-building
skills, not simply appreciating what others can do with models.

GBUS 891 - (1.5) (Y)Managerial Quantitative AnalysisThe course is designed to deepen students understanding
of the basic tools, concepts, and methodologies of quantitative business analysis;
enhance students skills at using the basic tools of quantitative business
analysis, including decision trees, influence diagrams, spreadsheets, and simulation;
strengthen students ability to recognize situations for which quantitative
analysis is appropriate and useful; and develop students ability to integrate
the results of quantitative analysis into their personal decision-making processes.

GBUS 892 - (1.5) (Y)Optimization Models for ManagementIn many real-world situations, decision making is made difficult by the sheer number of possible alternative actions and the complexity of the tradeoffs involved in choosing one action over the others. For situations of this type, a special class of models and analytical approaches has been developed, grouped under the general heading "optimization models." It is this methodology that drives the tools included in Excel's "Solver." The objective of this course is to explore this general class of models and analytical approaches, developing the judgment to know when to apply these tools, when not to apply them, and when applying them might get one into trouble.

GBUS 893 - (1.5) (Y)Bargaining and NegotiatingThis course focuses on negotiating and bargaining in a wide variety of settings, ranging from simple buyer-seller negotiations to multiple-issue labor-management negotiations. Most class sessions revolve around the results of negotiations conducted between class members as part of their preparation for the session. Discussions review the wide variety of experiences in the specific negotiation, develop hypotheses regarding the effectiveness of certain behaviors, and suggest means for improving negotiating effectiveness.

GBUS 895A-F - (variable) (Y)Business Projects: Consulting, Venturing, Case WritingThe Business Projects courses are designed to provide students
with the opportunity to refine and stretch, in cooperation with faculty, the
business skills and imagination they are developing at Darden. The aim is to
conduct the work in a manner that satisfies and exceeds the professional standards
of the outside world. Special arrangements, to be approved by the course head,
may be made for joint-degree students whose schedules do not allow them to participate
in one of the three standard alternatives. Students with field-based project
ideas that do not readily fit into one of the three standard alternatives are
encouraged to present such ideas to the course head. Students may not submit
for work that has been done for compensation. At most, 7.5 credits of combined
Business Projects and Research Elective courses can be applied toward graduation.

GBUS 897 - (1.5) (Y)Investigations into the Nature of StrategyIntended for those who would like to understand and practice
strategy as an art. It is based on the logic (to be established in class) that
developing strategy cannot be a deterministic, linear process, because strategy
is uniquely distinguished by interaction with an intelligent opponent.

GBUS 899 - (1.5-3) (Y)Research ElectiveFaculty-supervised study for students with special interests that are not included in the normal course offerings. The student must secure the agreement of a resident faculty member, under whom the research is to be done, to be the supervisor and be responsible for assigning the final grade. As with all Darden courses, the grade is expected to be based to a significant degree on written evidence of individual student accomplishment. A 1.5-credit research elective should represent approximately 60 hours of work; a 3-credit research elective should represent approximately 120 hours of work. At most, 3 credits of research elective can be applied toward graduation. Students may not take more than 7.5 credits of combined business project courses and research elective.

GBUS 8000 - (1.5) YGlobal Business ExperienceThis course focuses on current business issues. Each section
offered will have a central theme and involve structured classes, practitioner
presentations, and company visits. The primary objective is to provide students
with an opportunity to explore and examine important issues in a location outside
the Darden School. Cultural exposure is a key element and integral part of the
concept underlying the course. The course is intended to examine current business
issues, provide students with cultural experience, and provide location-specific
learning opportunities.

GBUS 8038 - (1.5) (Y)EquitiesPrerequisite: GBUS 840.
Using traditional, fundamental, and technical
analysis, this course focuses on equity valuation. In addition, it looks at valuation
in a
variety of markets around the world and in different market conditions. Intended
for individuals who are interested in the valuation of corporate equity and
in a career in investment or corporate management. Those interested in investment
management would be anticipating careers in security analysis or portfolio management.
Those interested in corporate finance would be anticipating careers in acquisitions
or treasury functions of corporations or their intermediaries.

GBUS 8042 - (1.5) (Y)The Spirit of the New WorkplaceThis dynamic and highly experiential one week offering is an
invitation to engage in real conversation, ask important questions, and explore
the greatest possibilities of human organization. It is designed to prompt a
lifelong quest for learning about who we are, how we can best perform, and the
role that we as future leaders can play in leading others to success in an ever-changing
business climate.

GBUS 8044 - (1.5) (Y)The Consulting ProcessThis course is aimed at introducing students to the consulting
process and identifying and refining the skill sets necessary for successful
consultation. The course is designed specifically for students interested in
pursuing consulting careers who do not have significant consulting experience
prior to Darden. The course will include the use of cases, exercises, and the
completion of a final project presentation. Students will be assigned to a consulting
team to work together throughout the week. Grading will be based on class participation,
group feedback, and a final presentation.

GBUS 8106 - (1.5) (Y)Acquisition of Closely-Held EnterprisesAny second year M.B.A. candidate who thinks they may personally
aspire to own, and in most cases, manage a closely held business enterprise.
The purchases of both privately owned and subsidiaries or divisions of publicly
owned companies will be analyzed and discussed. Because of the many ancillary
topics that will be considered during the course, such as valuation techniques,
due diligence, deal structure, tax and legal matters, financing alternatives,
etc., the course may also be of interest to those M.B.A. candidates who are
interested in leveraged buyouts.

GBUS 8200A - (1.5) (Y)Tayloe Murphy Global Seminar: Latin American Financial MarketsThis course is specifically focused on examining all aspects
of Latin American Financial markets with a particular emphasis on markets in
Brazil and Argentina. The course is taught from the perspective of how these
markets operate and what are the unique challenges that firms face when operating
in these markets. It is intended to provide an overview and develop a strategic
perspective for decision making in this environment.

GBUS 8200B - (1.5) (Y)Tayloe Murphy Global Seminar: Venture Capital and Strategic Entry in the
Asia PacificThis course is specifically focused on the practical aspects
of investing and other entry strategies in Asia Pacific. All of the case studies
are taken from the Asia Pacific Region. While the course is taught from the
perspective of management strategy and decision-making, it is intended to sharpen
the participants capabilities in deal structuring, financing, negotiating
and dealing with regulatory and legal issues.

GBUS 8300 - (1.5) (Y)Corporate Diversification and the Role of Mergers And AcquisitionsThis course explores the determinants of successful corporate-diversification
strategy and the role that acquisitions play in it. The fundamental premise
is that the successful corporate strategy is rooted in competitive advantage
arising from capabilities residing at the business-unit level. The course develops
frameworks of successful diversification based on the concepts of core competencies
and leveraging of resources. Finally, the course develops the concepts that
are useful in acquisitions. These concepts will address individual acquisitions,
acquisition programs, and issues regarding post-merger integration.

GBUS 8301 - (1.5) (Y)Emerging Information Technologies SeminarToday's emerging information technologies will be the enablers of one's career's business strategies. The course is based upon an introduction to and discussion of these emerging information technologies and the companies that are bringing them to market. The seminar is offered to students interested in actively participating in research and discussion about a set of current emerging information technology topics. The course is designed to educate faculty and students on emerging information technologies and the companies that bring them to market.

GBUS 8303 - (1.5) (Y)Emerging-Markets FinancePrerequisite: GBUS 840.
Explores investment and valuation issues that are unique to emerging economies. This course introduces a set of tools and models that help future financial managers make better investment decisions in emerging markets, and covers both theoretical and practical sides of direct and portfolio investments in emerging markets through cases, articles, and homework exercises. While portfolio investments in emerging markets will be analyzed, the main focus is on direct investment and valuation (corporate finance) issues there. This course assumes that students have taken Valuation in Financial Markets. It is created for students who wish to pursue careers in investment banking and international finance.

GBUS 8304 - (1.5) (Y)Consumer PsychologyAll marketing begins with an understanding of how individuals make decisions. Because people are not rational economic machines, customer-focused marketers must understand how physiological, psychological, and social factors shape consumer perceptions and behavior. The purpose of this seminar is (1) to introduce students to significant research from various disciplines dealing with information processing, involvement, affect and emotion, attitudes and attitude change, group processes, and social influences; (2) to help students understand how these factors influence consumer buying and consumption behavior; and (3) to show students how this information can be used to identify and pursue marketing opportunities.

GBUS 8305 - (1.5) (Y)Strategic Thinking: Integrating East and WestAs economies and businesses become more global, companies worldwide
will increasingly need to examine their economic practices and beliefs. The
purpose of this seminar is to help participants develop a deep understanding
of the strategic concepts and business models underlying foreign (in this case,
Chinese) business, based on a thorough knowledge of cultural and institutional
differences, and comprehend the implications of these differences for enterprise
management in general; use this understanding to think broadly about global
enterprise and future enterprise development; and develop a globally-integrative
perspective that enables them to conduct business in any part of the world.

GBUS 8306 - (1.5) (Y)Social EntrepreneurshipThis course will explore the multiple ways that an individual/company/corporation
can participate in ventures that impact social and/or environmental issues while
simultaneously focusing on financial goals. Some of the various questions and
issues that arise from the decision to pursue more than strictly financial goals
will be addressed.

GBUS 8307 - (1.5) (Y)Advertising and PromotionPrerequisite: GBUS 862.
This course has as its objective to deepen the student's understanding and skills in creating and evaluating communication strategies, with the emphasis on advertising. Other objectives include developing expertise in creating positioning and copy strategies that build brand equity; understanding media alternatives, terminology and creation of a media strategy; gaining knowledge on marketing budgeting, including techniques used to set the overall marketing spending level; obtaining exposure to the research techniques used in copy and media evaluation; and developing expertise in creating and presenting advertising plans.

GBUS 8308 - (1.5) (Y)Leadership Learning LabThis course is designed to provide a forum for student leaders to talk about the challenges and rewards of leadership at Darden. Enrolling students should have a clear commitment to a practical leadership experience during their Second Year. Selected readings in the leadership and social psychology literature serve as frameworks for examining one's personal leadership style.

GBUS 8310 - (1.5) (Y)Competitive Dynamics SeminarThis advanced strategy seminar provides
class participants with an integrative framework and specific analytical tools
for understanding
how firms interact in the marketplacewithin an industry, across industries,
and beyond national borders. When a company initiates a competitive move (a
new product introduction, expansion into a new market, an acquisition bid,
or
a simple price cut), it should be prepared to meet potential counteractions
from rivals. Understanding the relative nature of this dynamic process is the
key to building and sustaining competitive advantage.

GBUS 8400 - (1.5) (Y)General Managers Taking ActionThis course will focus on general managers
and their requirement to "take action" regarding a variety of situations that may be presented
to them. General managers are defined as those that possess profit and loss
responsibility at any level of the organization, from first-level product line
managers to Chief Executive Officers. Situations requiring action will vary
in complexity and scope; the goal is for students to develop a plan for action
and to think through the actions needed to implement their plans. Students will
use current management tools, tried and true management philosophies, and various
multi-disciplinary tools when deciding how to "take action."

GBUS 8401 - (1) (Y)Cross-Cultural InternshipThe objective of this course is to enable students to use their
summer-employment experience to increase their knowledge of a foreign culture
and to address the challenges of working in a culture other than their own.
The course will involve the following activities: a program of readings and
discussions, supervised by a faculty member, and a personal statement of learning
expectations from the summer activity; summer-job experience and a midsummer
report; and a written report reviewing the experience and the extent to which
the learning expectations were achieved. The course is open to students who
have accepted summer employment in a country other than that of their permanent
residence.

GBUS 8402 - (1.5) (Y)Survey of the Health Care SectorThis course analyzes economic, financial and ethical issues in some of the major sectors of the health care industry, developing a framework for understanding and evaluating the trade-offs that are inherent in the health care sector, and examining how those tradeoffs affect strategic thinking. The framework will highlight two related and important themes: first, that economic, financial and ethical issues cannot be treated separately in analyzing health care markets, and secondly, that the various sectors of the health care industry cannot be examined separately.

GBUS 8403 - (1.5) (Y)Leadership, Ethics and TheatreThe purpose of this course is to build
leadership skills and ethical analysis skills by reading, discussing, and performing
dramatic scenes
from great plays. The course is built around the conceptual apparatus in Dunham
and Freeman (2000) that the task of the theatre director is akin to the task
of the CEO. In particular we will examine how directors draw vision from particulars,
emphasize good casting or "getting the right people on the bus", get
the best out of their team, and approach work collaboratively. Examines theater
companies as high performance teams, and attempts to construct such teams through
the course, working with the Charlottesville artistic community to provide several
technical workshops on acting/directing.

GBUS 8404 - (1.5) (Y)Integration and Innovation in Services: The New EconomyThis features a diverse and highly experienced faculty in a unique, cross-discipline, innovative format. The faculty consist of experienced practitioners across many global services industries who also have depth in the fields of marketing, strategy, and innovation, combined with functional expertise in operations, organizational behavior, and leadership. Additionally, materials for the course and intended discussions have been selected for their current relevance in this fast changing, global environment. The purpose of the course is to encourage a practical, fun, and fast paced series of adventures and discussions around the Services and new 'Experience Economy' for students considering careers in consulting, commercial or investment banking, consumer goods, advertising, media, strategy or for those who wish to pursue entrepreneurial endeavors (in both smaller and larger organizations). Students considering careers in more traditional product driven companies will find the bundling of services as part of the total offering to be timely.

GBUS 8406 - (1.5) (Y)Advanced Topics in Business EthicsThe purpose of this course is to
continue to explore issues in business ethics raised in the First Year course.
The course consists of readings,
cases, and books that are relevant to the topic at hand. Example topics include "Business Science and Ethics," "Background Theories of Business
Ethics", and "Topics in Ethics and Accounting and Finance" exploring
issues around corporate governance.

GBUS 8410 - (1.5) (Y)Financial Statement Analysis and Corporate ValuationThrough this courses students will develop an understanding
of screening, forecasting, and valuation tools that aid in the analysis and
exploitation of information contained in financial statements. The course includes
but is not limited to topics related to the use of ratio analysis, the theory
and development of cash-flow and earnings-based valuation models, identification
of financial statement management, and the impact of accounting principles and
assumptions on valuation.

GBUS 8411 - (1.5) (Y)What Do You Want? A Transition Guide to the Real WorldThis course will explore the pros and cons and the ins and outs of the various answers to the fundamental question, what do you want?, and how NOT to become professional anecdotes for books like Career Success, Personal Failure, and Must Success Cost So Much? The readings, film clips, and cases will focus on questions that examine the meaning of life and career and the nature of "success." This course allows students to put business education in the context of managing a career over a lifetime.

GBUS 8413 - (1.5) (Y)Financial SecuritiesThis course is intended for individuals who are interested
in a career in investment management. The purpose of the course is to expose
students to how valuation tools are used by equity and fixed-income analysts,
and brings together practitioners (equity and fixed income analysts) and students
to discuss how particular companies and securities are evaluated.

GBUS 8414 - (1.5) (Y)Advanced Managerial CommunicationThis course is structured as a transition from the academic
to the corporate environment and provides an opportunity for students to explore
in more depth the strategies of communication framed in First Year Management
Communication. The course asks students to examine their personal communication
styles including both their nonverbal behavior as well as how they express themselves
in writing and in public presentations to both small and large groups. Students
will study communication networks and organizational channels and examine the
common barriers that lead to communication disruptions, the challenges of dealing
with troubled and troubling constituencies, and specific communication frameworks
that contribute to a vibrant corporate culture.

GBUS 8417 - (1.5) (Y)Conversations & Debates on GlobalizationThe main goal of this course is to expose students to diverse issues related to globalization that will affect future business leaders. These issues are not part of the regular curriculum, and are still "debated". Using a variety of different methods, the course is organized as an informal seminar where students and faculty are expected to engage in a dialogue regarding globalization and ask questions without always having an answer. Thus, this course enhances students' ability to think and converse globally and to contemplate issues that will become central to a manager's life in the years ahead.

GBUS 8418 - (1.5) (Y)Global Macroeconomics and Financial MarketsThe global economy has been affected in recent decades by powerful trends and powerful shocks. The global financial system has evolved in response to the structural changes in the world economy, the risks associated with the shocks and the responses by policymakers. This course provides an opportunity to gain the most up-to-date view of these forces available, and prepare students to assume responsibilities for operating in global markets immediately after graduation. It will allow students to deepen their macroeconomic tools and translate them into a global investment perspective. Students will develop their ability to translate policy changes into their impact on financial markets and to understand linkages between stock, bond and currency markets. Historical lessons from the evolution of the global financial system will be offered and comparisons will be made with the current global environment. Comparative perspectives about investing in developed vs. emerging markets will be offered. Extensive contemporary readings and speakers will be assigned.

GBUS 8419 - (1.5) (Y)International Deal Making: Legal & Business
AspectsOffered by the UVa School of Law, this course is focused on
the application of legal and business knowledge to real world transactions in
the international context. The course is directed to both the UVa law students
and the Darden business students who are interested in applying their knowledge
to deal structuring, legal and business concerns, negotiations, documentation,
and deal closing.

GBUS 8420 - 1.5 (Y)Entry Strategics in the Asia PacificThis course is specifically focused on the practical aspects of investing and other entry strategies in Asia Pacific. All of the case studies are taken from the Asia Pacific Region. While the course is taught from the perspective of management strategy and decision-making, it is intended to sharpen the participant's capabilities in deal structuring, financing, negotiating and dealing with regulatory and legal issues.

GBUS 8421 - (1.5) (Y)Comparative Studies in New Product DevelopmentThis course is a team-based
field study of product development in one of three industry settings (e.g., consumer
products, defense/aerospace
and an industry of choice such as software development, medical/pharmaceutical,
computers/electronics or industrial components). Industry differences will be
examined along dimensions including integration of customer input into the product
concept, evaluating new R & D and engineering design practices, product
portfolio management, effective use of the supply base, project personnel and
leadership selection, performance management and incentives, integration between
functional areas and NPD project organizations, complying with government regulatory
requirements, and managing product roll-out in global markets.

GBUS 8422 - (1.5) (Y)Interactive and Data-Based Marketing IThis course examines the concepts involved in interactive and
data-based marketing. Interactive marketing is characterized by activities that
address customers directly (usually through some form of response advertising)
for the purposes of initiating an exchange as well as developing, managing,
and exploiting a customer relationship. Interactive marketing encompasses aspects
of direct mail, customer relationship management, and Internet marketing. Data-based
marketing refers to the use of data to inform marketing decisions.

GBUS 8424 - (1.5) (Y)Games and AuctionsThe outcomes of many corporate activities depend
on the interactions between a multiplicity of decision makers, including customers,
suppliers, competitors,
employees, managers, investors, and regulators. The course develops a tool
set for analyzing and optimizing such interactions in a diverse range of corporate
activities. Most of these tools have first been developed in economic game theory
and draw on a matrix of the decision makers evaluations for different
outcomes. Using such concepts, the course explores the design of organizational
mechanisms (e.g., auctions and incentive schedules) that channel the interactions
of individuals toward the promotion of corporate goals.

GBUS 8425 - (1.5) (Y)Field Studies in Operations ManagementThe purpose of the course is to provide the opportunity for
students interested in the area of Operations Management to explore in detail
an operations-type problem or issue facing an organization or individual. The
course offers the opportunity to work both more closely with practicing managers
and a faculty member. The instructor, in conjunction with students and other
members of the area faculty, will assist in the identification of possible projects.
Projects may be individual or group-based and supervised either by the instructor
or other area faculty.

GBUS 8427 - (1.5) (Y)Entrepreneur as Change AgentWhy do some communities foster economic action and grow rapidly while others do not? Why do some communities appear to build on past advantage, while others fall further behind? Why are some entrepreneurs able to create value for entire communities, while others act in ways that largely benefit themselves? This course examines the entrepreneur as change agent within the evolving economy. Although critical factor inputs-human capital, natural resources, infrastructure, technology, financial capital markets-foster widespread economic growth, they are insufficient without the interaction of entrepreneurial change agents. This course examines how enterprising individuals leverage these factors to create value for themselves and others, across regional, industry and social boundaries.

GBUS 8428Investor behavior and imperfect marketsThe objective of the course is to improve investment decision-making by building appreciation for the fundamental assumptions of financial theory, exposing students to common biases and psychological phenomena in investor behavior, identifying the impact of market imperfections on price formation, and scrutinizing the effect of investor behavior and market conditions on investment decisions. This course is intended for those interested in careers in investment management.

GBUS 8701 - (1.5) (Y)Leading Strategic ChangeThis course focuses on the leadership issues necessary to successfully
design and implement strategic change. The leadership focus will be on leadership
as an active engagement process that requires individuals to be willing to define
and declare themselves in strategic ways. The emphasis will be on thinking at
a personal, professional, and enterprise level, and applying this thinking to
the critical issues of leading (and managing) individual and organizational
change.

GBUS 8702 - (1.5) (Y)Personal Leadership: Possibility Thinking & Committed
ActionThe purpose of this course is to enable students to articulate a compelling vision for their professional and personal lives and to develop the commitment, confidence, and skills necessary to translate ongoingly their dreams into action. The intended outcome is an enhanced feeling of direction and control over one's life, an ability to live consistently with one's vision, values, purpose and goals for life and work, and to make choices consistent with one's ideals. As students assume positions of increasing responsibility for other people in organizations, this course will strengthen their ability to help others realize their highest aspirations for work and life.

GBUS 8704 - (1.5) (Y)Leadership, Values, and EthicsThe premise of this course is that students can learn a great
deal about leadership by studying the leadership of others. Specifically, the
course provides students with examples and models of ways that leaders have
incorporated ethics and values into a multiplicity of definitions of leadership.
It offers the students the opportunity to reflect on their own values and ethics
as well as examine and build upon their own definition of leadership. Each session
uses the insights from leaders, and an array of readings on leadership, to foster
reflection on what makes a great leader.

GBUS 8705 - (1.5) (Y)Leadership and Diversity through LiteratureThis course integrates
diversity and leadership themes while simultaneously broadening students literary exposure. While the "classics" are
used, this selection of excerpts has culturally diverse protagonists who confront
leadership challenges we encounter today. Moreover, these writings
continue to influence our thinking and assumptions about how we manage people.

900 Courses

The Darden School offers, on a selected basis, courses approved
by the faculty that are pertinent to the students enrolled in its doctoral program.
Courses differ each term, depending on the doctoral students in residence and
their fields of concentration. Doctoral students, and other students for whom
these offerings might be appropriate, should contact the director of the doctoral
program for current course descriptions at (434) 924-7247.