Tuesday, March 2, 2010

Energy is a word that has a very broad meaning because there is no activity in this universe who move without energy and that is why the word of a professor in Japan that almost all disputes in this world, proceed from the struggle for energy resources.

In general, energy sources are categorized into two parts namely non-renewable energy and renewable energy. Fossil energy sources are among the first group that the bulk of activity in the world using these conventional energy.

Around the eighties when the experts in Indonesia to offer an alternative energy source that is widely used in developed countries is nuclear, a lot of disagreement and debate going long enough mengkandaskan plans for using energy sources is considered very dangerous. Among the many proposals made at that time is why we do not use solar energy sources. It is no doubt that the solar cell is one source of environmentally friendly energy and is very promising in the future, because there is no pollution produced during the process of energy conversion, and more widely available source of energy in nature, ie sunlight, especially in tropical countries like Indonesia, which receives sunlight throughout the year.

Fundamental issues in solar cell technology is a very low efficiency in turning solar energy into electrical energy, which to date the highest efficiency can be achieved no more than 20%, and even then in a laboratory scale

For that in developed countries, research on solar cell is a very big concern, especially with the issue of environmental clean · boasts a lively digembar.

From light into electricityIn a simple solar cell consists of the junction p-type semiconductor material and n (pn junction semiconductor) that if by the sun there will be a flow of electrons, electron flow is well known as the electric current flow.

The main part of the energy changes of sunlight to electricity is the absorber (absorber), however, each layer is also very influential on the efficiency of the solar cell. Sunlight consists of various types of electromagnetic waves in a spectrum can be seen in figure 2. Therefore here absorber is expected to absorb as much solar radiation derived from sunlight.

More detail can be explained that the sun consists of a photon-photon, if you happen to solar cell surface material (absorber), will be absorbed, reflected or simply passed (see Figure 3), and only photons with certain energy level that will liberate electrons from atomic bonds, so that electrical current flows. Energy levels is called band-gap energy which is defined as the amount of energy required for electrons of the bond issue so that there kovalennya electric current flow. To free from ties kovalennya electron, photon energy (hc / v must be slightly larger or above than the band-gap energy. If the photon energy is too much of the energy band-gap, then the extra energy will be converted in the form of heat in a solar cell. Therefore it is important to the solar cell to regulate the materials used, namely by modifying the molecular structure of the semiconductor used.

Of course, that the efficiency of solar cell can be high, the photons from sunlight to be absorbed that as much, then reduce reflection and increase remombinasi and conductivity of the material.

To be able to make that a photon is absorbed can be as much, then the absorber must have an energy band-gap with a wide range, making it possible to absorb sunlight so energy has a variety of these. One of the many materials being studied is known CuInSe2 is one of the direct semiconductor.

So many advantages of solar cell as described above was not a polemic and not just stop, saying there was a solar cell is true when the energy change process there is no pollution produced, but sudahkah we calculate how much pollution has been generated in the process manufacturing, small compared to the resulting efficiency. Now the challenge here is indeed how to increase efficiency, which would affect its economic value.

Solar Cell: Energy Sources future environmentally friendly.

Energy is a word that has a very broad meaning because there is no activity in this universe who move without energy and that is why the word of a professor in Japan that almost all disputes in this world, proceed from the struggle for energy resources.

In general, energy sources are categorized into two parts namely non-renewable energy and renewable energy. Fossil energy sources are among the first group that the bulk of activity in the world using these conventional energy.

Around the eighties when the experts in Indonesia to offer an alternative energy source that is widely used in developed countries is nuclear, a lot of disagreement and debate going long enough mengkandaskan plans for using energy sources is considered very dangerous. Among the many proposals made at that time is why we do not use solar energy sources. It is no doubt that the solar cell is one source of environmentally friendly energy and is very promising in the future, because there is no pollution produced during the process of energy conversion, and more widely available source of energy in nature, ie sunlight, especially in tropical countries like Indonesia, which receives sunlight throughout the year.

Fundamental issues in solar cell technology is a very low efficiency in turning solar energy into electrical energy, which to date the highest efficiency can be achieved no more than 20%, and even then in a laboratory scale

For that in developed countries, research on solar cell is a very big concern, especially with the issue of environmental clean · boasts a lively digembar.

From light into electricityIn a simple solar cell consists of the junction p-type semiconductor material and n (pn junction semiconductor) that if by the sun there will be a flow of electrons, electron flow is well known as the electric current flow.

The main part of the energy changes of sunlight to electricity is the absorber (absorber), however, each layer is also very influential on the efficiency of the solar cell. Sunlight consists of various types of electromagnetic waves in a spectrum can be seen in figure 2. Therefore here absorber is expected to absorb as much solar radiation derived from sunlight.

More detail can be explained that the sun consists of a photon-photon, if you happen to solar cell surface material (absorber), will be absorbed, reflected or simply passed (see Figure 3), and only photons with certain energy level that will liberate electrons from atomic bonds, so that electrical current flows. Energy levels is called band-gap energy which is defined as the amount of energy required for electrons of the bond issue so that there kovalennya electric current flow. To free from ties kovalennya electron, photon energy (hc / v must be slightly larger or above than the band-gap energy. If the photon energy is too much of the energy band-gap, then the extra energy will be converted in the form of heat in a solar cell. Therefore it is important to the solar cell to regulate the materials used, namely by modifying the molecular structure of the semiconductor used.

Of course, that the efficiency of solar cell can be high, the photons from sunlight to be absorbed that as much, then reduce reflection and increase remombinasi and conductivity of the material.

To be able to make that a photon is absorbed can be as much, then the absorber must have an energy band-gap with a wide range, making it possible to absorb sunlight so energy has a variety of these. One of the many materials being studied is known CuInSe2 is one of the direct semiconductor.

So many advantages of solar cell as described above was not a polemic and not just stop, saying there was a solar cell is true when the energy change process there is no pollution produced, but sudahkah we calculate how much pollution has been generated in the process manufacturing, small compared to the resulting efficiency. Now the challenge here is indeed how to increase efficiency, which would affect its economic value.