Osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis refers to a bone infection, almost always caused by a bacteria. Over time, the result can be destruction of the bone itself. Treatment includes both medical and surgical therapies.
Long-term oral or injectable antibiotics such as clavulanic acid/amoxicillin (15 mg/kg, bid), cefazolin (30 mg/kg, bid), clindamycin (11 mg/kg, bid), enrofloxacin (15 mg/kg, bid), amikacin (15 mg/kg, bid), or oxacillin (22 mg/kg, tid) are used. Additionally, wound debridement, lavage, and removal of loose implants are recommended.

Open or closed wound drainage and delayed autogenous, cancellous bone grafting can also be performed. In chronic, refractory cases, limb amputation may be warranted. Prognosis is variable and based on the severity and chronicity of the infection. Appropriate antimicrobial therapy based on bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing is mandatory for successful results.