These are some of the projects University of Michigan engineering researchers have received more than $16.7 million to pursue through a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency initiative to push microelectronics beyond Moore’s Law—the transistor scaling that has allowed for 50 years of rapid progress in electronics.

DARPA’s Electronics Resurgence Initiative is a $75 million effort to jumpstart innovation in the field.

The projects Michigan Engineering leads are:

An open-source hardware design tool: In a $6.5 million project that could revolutionize and democratize designing hardware devices, researchers will work to create an open-source hardware compiler. They aim to reduce the six-month process of hand-designing analog circuits to a dramatically faster and automated 24-hour routine ($4.1 million of the total funding remains at U-M.)

“The goal is to do for hardware what open-source compilers have done for software,” said project leader David Wentzloff, associate professor of electrical and computer engineering. “Someone could download a free suite of tools, specify the design of virtually any widget, and have that design produced in 24 hours without any knowledge of hardware.”

In addition to Wentzloff, the project involves David Blaauw, Ronald Dreslinski and Dennis Sylvester, all U-M professors of electrical engineering and computer science; Ben Calhoun, University of Virginia professor of electrical and computer engineering; and Arm Holdings, maker of ARM processors. Read more about this project.

A reconfigurable computer: Ron Dreslinski, assistant professor of computer science and engineering, leads a $9.5 million project to develop a computing system that allows software to adapt the hardware at runtime, making changes in processor interconnect speeds and connectivity ($5.8 million of the total funding stays at U-M.) It would also allow the software to choose the correct ratio of processing elements to on-chip memory and powergate the remaining processors to save power. The hardware can also be configured to support on-chip memory, Dreslinski said.

The work has applications in image, video and text understanding, as well as analyzing sparse data.

“Current systems like GPUs offer a very efficient platform for regular workloads. They, however, don’t perform well for workloads that are irregular,” Dreslinski said. “To give an example of a use, imagine processing a graph of all the connections on Twitter. Most people are connected to a only small set of individuals, leading to a sparse dataset.

“If the hardware is configured to process the workload and suddenly starts processing Justin Bieber, the amount of density changes—he has many more followers than I do. The software can detect this imbalance and reconfigure the hardware to more effectively use the cache resources as the workload changed.”

A new hybrid chip that can change its own wiring: Hun-Seok Kim, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering, will lead a $5.2 million sub-project to develop a new type of system-on-chip that combines the adaptability of general purpose processors with the efficiency of specialized processors, allowing for demanding applications such as highly intelligent wireless communication systems used in radar and swarms of autonomous devices. This is part of a $17 million project led by Arizona State University. Read more about this project.

Testing next-generation hardware design tools: To fuel innovation among small teams and startups and allow them to design and produce complex chips with ease, U-M researchers will participate in a national program that aims to build free, open-source electronic design automation tools. The U-M team will act as internal design advisers on the project. At U-M, the project is led by Dennis Sylvester, professor of electrical and computer engineering. U-M receives $1.6 million. Read more about this project.

An additional sub-project will be led at U-M by Scott Mahlke, professor of electrical and computer engineering. Details were not yet available.