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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 9: The Confederation and the Constitution."— Presentation transcript:

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State Governments (pg. 57) While the Revolutionary War was being fought, leaders of the 13 colonies worked to change them into independent states (each w/ its own constitution). 1.List of Rights: basic rights & freedoms that state officials couldn’t infringe (encroach on). 2.Separation of Powers: most separated into 3 branches & safeguard against tyranny (legislative, elected legislatures) (executive, elected governor) (judicial, system of courts) 3. Voting: extended to all white males who owned property (property requirement, minimal amount) 4. Office-Holding: those seeking elected office were usually held to a higher property qualification than the voters.

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Social Change (pg. 58) 1.Abolition of Aristocratic Titles: no legislature could grant titles of nobility (primogeniture was done away with) (large estates taken from Loyalists, raise $ to pay for War). 2.Separation of Church & State: states refused to give financial support to any religious group (Anglican Church, unpopular) (connected to England) (religious tax eventually stopped) 3.Women: most important contribution was to help maintain the economy (remained 2 nd class status) 4.Slavery: contradicted the spirit of the Revolution (“all men are created equal“) (some steps made to correct it) (northern states freed slaves) (south kept theirs, tied/economy)

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Articles of Confederation (pg. 59) Ratification Delayed by a dispute over the Alleghenies wilderness (R.I. & Md. want Congress to own it) (Va. & N.Y. finally agree) Structure of Government Congress was the only branch Each state given 1 vote (9 votes required to pass laws) To amend the Articles, a unanimous vote was required Powers Given: wage war, make treaties, send diplomatic representatives, & borrow money Not given: regulate commerce, collect taxes (to finance its decisions, rely on states) (no executive power to enforce its laws)

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Accomplishments (pg. 60) 1.Winning the War: credit for Revolution victory (favorable terms with Great Britain) 2.Land Ordinance of 1785: congress established a public policy for the western lands (set aside 1 section of land in each township for education) 3.Northwest Ordinance of 1787: area between Great Lakes & Ohio River (rules set for creating states) (limits placed on territories) (limited self-government, no slavery)

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Adding the Bill of Rights (pg. 67) Arguments for A Bill of Rights (fought a War to get rid of a tyrant) (people need protection from a potentially abusive strong central govt) Arguments Against A Bill of Rights (unlisted rights, violated?) (elected officials have to follow people’s needs) The First Ten Amendments (adopted in 1791) (protect people)