The List of the Camps

The camps are classified by countries, based on the 1939-1945 borders. When known, the name of each sub-camp or external kommando is followed by the name of the company which used inmates as slaves. A star means that the inmates of the camp were women.

This list is far from complete. It is estimated that the Nazis established 15,000 camps in the occupied countries. There were several small camps which were created for limited-time operations against local populations. Most of these camps were destroyed by the Nazis themselves, sometimes after two or three months of activity. This list does not contain the names of the ghettos created by the Nazis, even if several ghettos (i.e. Theresienstadt Ghetto) had their own external kommandos (work teams).

This list is based on information found in two books:

The first one is Le livre des Camps  by Ludo Van Eck, published in 1979, editions Kritak (Belgium). As far as I know, this book has never been published again or translated in English, but it is still possible to purchase it at the Museum of Breendonck, Belgium.

The second one is the excellent Atlas of the Holocaust by Martin Gilbert (1982).

Thanks so much to Mark Vardasz and Andreas Baumgartner for their very valuable help in completing this list.

Work camps created by the Government of Vichy in Maroco and Algeria. Following the Atlas of the Holocaust by Martin Gilbert, thousands of jews were sent to these camps by the French pro-nazi government of Petain:

Dzierzazna & Litzmannstadt (These two camps were "Jugenverwahrlage", children camps. Hundreds of children and teenagers considered as not good enough to be "Germanized" were transfered to these places - see our article about the Lebensborn - and later sent to the extermination canters)

Treblinka (extermination camp - no sub-camp known - click here for more information about this camp)

Wieliczka

Zabiwoko (work camp - no sub-camp known)

Zakopane

Russia: (The real number of concentration and extermination camps established in occupied Soviet Union by the Nazies is unknown. The following list contains the name of the major camps. Some of these camps were under Romanian control; e.g. Akmétchetka or Bogdanovka where 54,000 were executed between December 21th and December 31th, 1941)

Akmétchetka

Balanowka

Bar

Bisjumujsje

Bogdanovka

"Citadelle" (The real name of this camp is unknown. The camp was located near Lvov. Thousands of Russian POWs were killed in this camp)

Czwartaki

Daugavpils

Domanievka

Edineti

Kielbasin (or Kelbassino)

Khorol

Klooga

Lemberg

Mezjapark

Ponary

Rawa-Russkaja

Salapils

Strazdumujsje

Yanowski

Vertugen(for all these camps, no sub-camp known).

Yougoslavia:

Banjica

Brocice

Chabatz

Danica

Dakovo

Gornja reka

Gradiska

Jadovno

Jasenovac

Jastrebarsko

Kragujevac

Krapje

Kruscica

Lepoglava

Loborgrad

Sajmite

Sisak

Slano

Slavonska-Pozega

Stara-Gradiska

Tasmajdan

Zemun

(for all these camps, no sub-camp known).

Introduction

The Holocaust catastrophe during the years 1933 to 1945 was a massive occurrence. It began in Germany and ultimately engulfed an area encompassing most of the European continent. It was also an event that was experienced by a variety of perpetrators, a multitude of victims, and a host of bystanders.

These three groups were distinct from one another, and they did not change in their lifetime. Each saw what happened from its own, special perspective, and each harbored a separate set of attitudes and reactions.

The first and foremost perpetrator was Adolf Hitler himself. He was the supreme architect of the operation; without him it would have been inconceivable.

Unlike the perpetrators, the victims were perpetually exposed. They were identifiable and countable at every turn. Jews and non-Jews alike, the victims as a whole, however, have remained an amorphous mass. Millions of them suffered a common fate in front of pre-dug mass graves or in hermetically sealed gas chambers. Although the Holocaust is perceived by many to record the suffering of people of the Jewish faith, no records on any aspect of the Second World War can fail to record that in addition to the six million Jewish men, women and children who were murdered, at least an equal number of non-Jews were also killed, not in the heat of battle, not by military siege, aerial bombardment or the harsh conditions of modern war, but by deliberate, planned murder.

The Nazi plan displaced millions of families from all over Europe. Through their massive concentration camp system, with well over one thousand camps of various sizes, all designed to imprison innocent humans, considered sub-human by Nazi standards. Every human right was replaced by Nazi laws, rules and arbitrary decisions. Almost every major German city had at least a slave labor camp nearby. The inmates of these camps were forced under the pain of death to work for the German war effort, with no pay, inadequate food and other necessities to survive. Death camps, constructed for the sole purpose of mass executions by means of poison gas, shootings, starvation, disease, and torture were used by the Nazis to exterminate those fellow humans--men, women, children , and infants--by design.

There are those among us who say the Holocaust did not happen at all. Or, maybe a few people were killed, but not millions. Historical facts have proven, time and time again, that Nazi Germany, planned and implemented their plan to rid Europe of those whom they considered sub-human. Accurate numbers for exactly how many humans died as a result of the Nazi plans are simply not available and never will be. Research by some of the worlds most able historians place the number of Holocaust victims murdered by government policy to be not less than twelve million and probably more.

Germany

Buchenwald/Dora-Mittelbau

Note: Dora-Mittelbau was the cover name of the sub-camp situated at Salza/Thuringe. When Dora became an independent camp in 1943, it had its own sub-camp at Ellrich. Ellrich was known as one of the worst external kommandos.

(Hartheim) not a sub-camp of Mauthausen, but many inmates of Mauthausen and Dachau had been gassed in Hartheim.

Hinterbrühl

Hirtenberg

Klagenfurt

Kleinmünchen (subcommando of Linz III)

Leibnitz

Lind

Lenzing

Linz I, II, III

Loibl- Pass Nord

Loibl- Pass Süd (ex-Yugoslavia)

Melk

Mittersill

Passau I - Waldwerke

Passau II

Peggau

St. Agyd

St. Lambrecht

St. Valentin

Steyr

Ternberg

Vöcklabrück=Wagrain

Wels

Wien Afa- Werke

Wien Saurer-Werke

Wien-Schwechat

Wien Schönbrunn

Wiener Neudorf

Wiener Neustadt

Czechoslovakia

Theresienstadt

Bohusovice

Kopisti

Litomerice-Radobylberg

Litomerice

Lovosice (Sputh factory and an oil factory)

Nestemice

Terezin (Plavy mill)

Usti (Schicht factory)

Zalhostice

Kratzau / Chrastava (sub-camp of Gross-Rosen - Rogoznica, Poland)

France

Natzweiler-Struthof

Asbach

Auerbach-Bensheim

Baden-Baden

Bad-Oppenau

Balingen

Bisingen

Dautmergen

Dortmettingen

Erzingen

Frommern

Schomberg

Schorzingen

Wuste

Zepfenhan

Bernhausen

Bingau

Bischofsheim

* Calw

Cernay

Cochem

Cochem Treis

Colmar

Darmstadt

Daudenzell

Dautmergen

Donauwiese

Echterdingen

Ellwangen

Ensingen

Fracfort/Main (Adler )

Frommern

Geisenheim (Krupp)

Geislingen

Goben

Gross-Sachesenheim

Guttenbach

Hailfingen

Haslach

Heilbronn

Heppenheim

Hessenthal

Iffezheim

Iffezheim - Baden Oos-Sandweiller

Kaisheim

Kochem

Kochemdorf

Leonberg

Longwy-Thiel: ""Very few people ever heard of the Thiel-Longwy concentration camp in north-eastern France, Alsace, close to Luxembourg, and the ex-Maginot line. Four kilometers inside the Chantier de Fer in Thiel was a V2 rocket factory. The camp was four kilometers outside the city, close the ex-German border. Five hundred Hungarian machinists brought in from Auschwitz-Birkenau worked in the factory. The camp was functional between May-October 1944. After 16 kilometers of marching, eight hours of work, the prisoners had to carry heavy rocks for about a half mile, with the only purpose to further deplete their "elan de vivre.' The insufficient calories provided for that amount of work killed many prisoners. In October 1944, a few minutes before the US army liberated the camp, the prisoners were transfered from Thiel to Kochendorf, Germany. While the train passed above, US Sherman tanks entered the camp below, only a few kilometers away. At the same time, the US Army also liberated the Strutthoff camp."
(Thanks to George Liebermann for these informations)

Izbica: Historians consider Izbica a "Holding camp for Belzec. A few hundred Jews from the towns of Furth,Nurnberg and nearby Jewish communities were on March 22, 1942 deported to Izbica. Many died or were murdered in Izbica, many more were shipped to Belzec.
(Thanks to Willie Glaser for these informations)