Recovering from natural disasters usually means rebuilding
infrastructure and reassembling human lives. Yet ecologically sensitive areas
need to heal, too, and scientists are pioneering new methods to assess nature's
recovery and guide human intervention. The epicenter of China's devastating Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 was
in the Wolong Nature Reserve, a globally important valuable biodiversity
hotspot and home to the beloved and endangered giant pandas. Not only did the
quake devastate villages and roads, but also the earth split open and swallowed
sections of the forests and bamboo groves that shelter and feed pandas and
other endangered wildlife. Persistent landslides and erosion exacerbated the
devastation.

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Typically
such natural damage is assessed with remote sensing, which can be limited in
fine details. Scientists at Michigan State University (MSU) and in China
embarked on a dangerous boots-on-the-ground effort to understand how well the
trees, bamboo and critical ground cover were recovering. Their work, which is
relevant to disaster areas worldwide, is reported in this week's Forest
Ecology and Management.

"Across the world, people are investing billions of dollars to
protect valuable natural areas, as well as making enormous investments in
restoring such areas after natural disasters," said Jianguo
"Jack" Liu, director of MSU's Center for Systems Integration and
Sustainability, and a co-author. "It's important we develop ways to
understand the fine points of how well recovery efforts are working, so we can
direct resources in the right places effectively."

Jindong Zhang, a post-doctoral research associate in CSIS, spent
several months over a period of four years in Wolong dodging landslides,
mudslides and rubble strewn roads to survey forest recovery at a finer scale
than can be observed from satellites and getting a better handle on the nuances
of tree species, height and soil conditions. The data was then combined with
that from satellite imagery.

What was found was that much of the natural areas were on the road to
recovery, and that China's $17 million effort at replanting native trees and
bamboo were helping in areas handicapped by poor soil and growing conditions.

They also noted that such efforts could benefit from more targeting of
areas most favored by pandas. Local residents did the replanting efforts.

"We
witnessed pretty intense periods when it seemed like everyone in the target
areas were out planting," said co-author Vanessa Hull, a CSIS doctoral
candidate who studies panda habitat in Wolong. "My field assistants also
joined in on the village-wide efforts. It was pretty neat to see."