Environmental design criteria for artificial reefs, including wave and current interaction, were investigated in an unidirectional wave channel to account for conditions encountered in the Black Sea. Wave and current data were obtained from a multifunctional observation system in the
Black Sea and analyzed for use in the wave channel experiments. Regular wave conditions were modeled in the channel. The wave channel had a 1-on-30 bottom slope. Reef models were constructed according to Froude similarity law with the scale of 1/30. Artificial reef concrete block stability
and the scour contact area between the reef blocks and sand bottom were determined. In total, seven wave sets with 35 wave runs over 30-min spans were performed in the experiments to determine stability of the blocks. Tests were run using three various-sized reef models and four different
bottom depths (33, 50, 66, and 83 cm). Local scour formations on the sand bottom were observed and measured over model runs that tested seven different wave heights (5, 6, 6.5, 7.5, 8.5, 9.5, and 10 cm) and a constant wave period (1.13 s) in 15 min duration comparing two water depths (33 and
50 cm). Local scour depth was determined at these deeper water depths for the reef models. At the conclusion of the study, a stability chart was compiled to determine accurate settling, design, and installation parameters depending on reef size, water depth, and local wave conditions.

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Document Type: Research Article

Publication date: 01 January 2006

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