Ardern said at a news conference that she was advised that the gunman had five firearms — two semi-automatic weapons, two shotguns and a lever-action firearm — and that he had acquired a gun license in November 2017.

"While work is being done as to the chain of events that led to both the holding of this gun license and the possession of these weapons, I can tell you one thing right now: Our gun laws will change," Ardern said.

She noted that there have been attempts to change the nation's gun laws in the past, most recently in 2017, but said "now is the time for change." She suggested she was looking at the issues around ownership of semi-automatic weapons.

One man, an Australian citizen, has been arrested and charged with murder in the attacks that authorities have called an unprecedented act of violence.

New Zealand police said the 28-year-old man appeared in Christchurch District Court on Saturday morning.

"While the man is currently facing only one charge, further charges will be laid," police tweeted. He was remanded without plea until his next appearance in the High Court on April 5, Reuters reported.

He had a gun license that allowed him to legally purchase the guns, Ardern said.

"As soon as New Zealanders hear that someone was legally able to acquire, as I'm advised, those weapons and carry out this event, that will raise enormous questions with our gun laws, and that is why we will respond swiftly," Ardern said.

She said a ban on semi-automatic weapons was "certainly one of the issues that I’m looking at with immediate effect."

"I've asked for advice yesterday on all of these questions,” she said.

Two other people were arrested, and “inquiries are ongoing to establish whether the other two who were arrested were directly involved with this incident,” Ardern said.

None of those apprehended had a criminal history in New Zealand or Australia, and they were not on watch lists in either country, she said.

Officers responded to reports of shots fired Friday afternoon. The two mosques are about three miles apart, and the second mosque was attacked about 45 minutes after the first.

Ardern said the Australian citizen charged with murder had traveled the world and had “sporadically” been in and out of New Zealand. She said agencies would be piecing together his travel and the sequence of events that led to him getting a gun license.

The prime minister said that the man got the license in November 2017 and began purchasing the guns the following month.

Australia bought back firearms and tightened rules on gun ownership in 1996 after a mass shooting in which 35 people were killed and 23 injured at a cafe in Port Arthur, Tasmania.

Asked whether Ardern supported a similar buy-back program, she said it was too early to say.

Two buyback programs and 26 uncompensated amnesties in Australia between 1996 and 2015 resulted in the surrender of 1,038,089 illicit firearms, according to a report published in the Annals of Internal Medicine in 2018.

The researchers said in that report that the program and the tightened rules on gun ownership prevented an estimated 16 mass shootings over two decades.

A fourth person taken into custody after Friday's shootings in Christchurch "was a member of the public who was in possession of a firearm, but with the intention of assisting police," Ardern said. That person has been released.

Forty-nine people were killed in the attack: 41 died at one mosque, seven at another and one person has since died in hospital, Ardern said.

More than 40 people were being treated at Christchurch Hospital on Saturday, the prime minister said, and two of those patients were in critical condition. A 5-year-old had been transported to a hospital in Auckland, she said.

Christchurch Mayor Lianne Dalziel said Saturday that the city was doing all it could to provide support for the victims' families, including helping with funeral arrangements and places for their loved ones to be buried.

“We are talking about people in this city who have lived here for years and years and years,” she said. "They are our friends, they are our neighbors. We embrace them at this time."

The mayor said she thinks the reason the gunman targeted Christchurch and New Zealand "was because we are a safe city, and a safe country." He noted that he is not from there but rather "came here with hate in his heart and intention to kill in his mind."

"There are no words to describe the revulsion that I feel for the propaganda that he wanted to bring with us, and I will not give voice to that propaganda," she said. “His was the voice of hate, and the only way that communities can respond to the voice of hate is to come together in love, compassion and kindness.”