The American political system

2019-01-04 来源: 51due教员组 类别: 更多范文

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- The
American political system，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了美国的政治制度。人们习惯将美国的政治制度笼统地称之为民主制度，其实这是不对的。在美国，我们可以看到各种历史悠久的制度传承，如总统制度、选举制度、立法制度等。其中选举制度和立法制度自然具有民主政治的原则。但其他的制度都与民主政治没有任何关系。至于行政制度中最重要的总统制，则直接源于英国都铎时代的君主政体。

It
is not accurate to generalize about the American political system as democracy.
In the United States, we can see various time-honored institutional heritages,
such as the presidential system, electoral system, federal system, legislative
and bipartisanship system, civil service system and interest group system.
Among them, the electoral system and legislative system naturally have the
principle of democratic politics. But other systems, such as decentralization,
civil service, and federalism, have little to do with democracy and are more
akin to the pirates of the Caribbean sitting on the spoils. As for the most
important executive system, the presidential system is directly derived from
the Tudor monarchy.

It
is precisely because of the breakdown of national systems, most of which are
non-democratic or even anti-democratic, that discriminatory and anti-human
rights laws are not uncommon in these systems. In the early days of the United
States, makeup, miniskirts, and weird hair accessories were all prohibited by
law. Even drinking was illegal in the early 20th century. Of course, the most
criticized system in history was apartheid, which was a direct result of the
judicial system.

Black
equality has become a trend after the civil war. But the Supreme Court ruled in
plessy v. ferguson in 1896 that "segregation and equality" were
legal, reversing the trend toward black equality. White racists took full advantage
of the ruling, and in southern states such as Mississippi and Louisiana,
schools, factories, hospitals and the army were segregated, which dealt a
severe blow to black human rights. This can be seen as a direct response to
southern racism after the civil war.

Until
the 1950 s, Rosa Parks refused to carry out? Arrested law and on a bus to give
his seat to a white, only raised around the black civil rights movement. ? for
Rosa Parks, with a lot of mistakes. The most famous was that people thought she
was too tired to give up her seat after working all day. But in fact, two
backgrounds were neglected: one was that Rosa knew the bus driver, and she had
been kicked out of the bus by the driver due to racial issues before, and she
stopped taking the car driven by the driver within a year. This time, she was
quite concerned about the car, so she knew that the driver was a racist. The
second is that Rosa herself was a member of the naacp, an association that
helped blacks fight for civil rights across the country.

It
is against this background that we can understand what she said in her
autobiography my story: "people always say that I don't give up my seat
because I am tired, but this is not the truth. I am no more tired than before.
I'm not old either. I'm only 42. Just because I'm tired of giving in. That is
to say, although the incident seemed to happen accidentally, she was prepared
to fight against this unreasonable system, rather than acting on temporary
emotions. Later, we all know, the results of Rosa Parks was arrested for
violation of segregation law, trigger? Martin Luther King, indignation. He
called on black people to refuse to take buses. Black people have shown amazing
will and determination on this issue. They would rather walk to work than take
the bus. More than a year of nonviolent civil disobedience eventually led the
Supreme Court to rule that segregation but equality on buses was
unconstitutional.

Similar
cases of resistance are happening everywhere. TuoPiKa in Kansas, railway
workers because oliver browns are black, and his seven-year-old daughter Linda
not qualified on nearby public elementary school, had to go to another school
through the streets of 21 every day to go to school. Seeing her hard work,
oliver, with the help of the national association for the advancement of
colored people, sued a court in Kansas to desegregate public schools. Win the
case. So for their lawyer eidur gudjohnsen Marshall fame, later became the
first black Supreme Court chief justice.

From
Rosa Parks, oliver brown resistance of the individual, social movement in the
gold, the goal is to remove dark, inhumane part of the American political
system. The process was long and difficult, not only at the cost of Dr. King's
own life, but also at the expense of countless civil rights activists killed by
white racists during the civil rights movement. In Mississippi, a 14-year-old
black teenager was killed for whistling to a white girl. In another state, a
young white man who expressed sympathy for blacks was shot dead. Burning down
black homes is a common occurrence. The perpetrators of those cases have not
been brought to justice because, under the jury system, juries are all white,
and they acquitted the obvious suspects. Some of the perpetrators were not brought
to justice until the 1990s.

However,
even if the system was unjust, the black civil rights movement, like other
social movements in American history, chose to appeal through the constitution
rather than use violence against the country. This is partly because the black
elite believes that blacks will only lose more if they use force; On the other
hand, due to the judicialization of the constitution, the principles of
"freedom" and "equality" can be directly used in
litigation, making the constitution itself a powerful weapon to promote the
progress of the system. Another point is that the civil rights movement has a
religious background and its leaders are mostly priests. It has religious
appeal to both black and white people. In the struggle to "god"
against "the state," they won first on values and then on
institutional progress.