Mariscal Estigarribia, town, northern Paraguay. It lies in the sparsely settled Chaco Boreal region, on the bank of Mosquitos Creek, which drains into the Paraguay River. Until 1945 it was a military outpost known as López de Filippis; it was renamed to honour the general whose strategy in the Chaco War (1932–35) established Paraguayan control over the area. The town is now a commercial centre for the surrounding region; its main activity is cattle ranching. Pop. (2002) urban area, 5,478.

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landlocked country in south-central South America. Paraguay’s recent history has been characterized by turbulence and authoritarian rule. It was involved in two of the three major wars on the continent—the War of the Triple Alliance (1864/65–70), against Argentina, Brazil, and...