Incoming freshmen and graduating seniors at public universities in Texas would face new testing requirements under a bill filed by state Sen. Brian Birdwell, a Granbury Republican. The bill would require state universities to test students at the start and end of their college careers to measure how much they learned. The bill is part of an effort to hold universities more accountable for students’ education, supporters say. Critics say it is unfair to use a single test to judge a student’s full academic experience.