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China: Introduction

China is a country in East Asia bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, and South China Sea. Neighboring countries include Afghanistan, Bhutan, Burma, India, Kazakhstan, North Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Vietnam, as well as the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau. China has a diverse terrain with mostly mountains, deserts in the west and plains in the east. Principal rivers flow west to east including the Yangtze and Huang He rivers. The government system is a Communist state. The chief of state is the President and the head of government is the Premier. China has a market-based system, changed from a centrally planned system in the 1970s. China is a member of the Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC).