Conditions & Treatments

Vulvitis

Vulvitis

What is vulvitis?

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Vulvitis is simply an inflammation of the vulva, the soft folds of skin outside the vagina. This is not a condition, but rather a symptom that results from a host of diseases, infections, injuries, allergies, and other irritants. Diagnosing and treating this condition can be frustrating because it is often difficult to determine the specific cause of the irritation.

What causes vulvitis?

Vulvitis may be caused by one or more of the following:

Scented or colored toilet paper

Perfumed soaps or bubble baths

Shampoos and hair conditioners

Laundry detergents (especially enzyme-activated cold water formulas)

Vaginal sprays, deodorants, and powders

Spermicides

Douching

Hot tub and swimming pool water

Synthetic undergarments without a cotton crotch

Rubbing against a bicycle seat

Wearing a wet bathing suit for a long period of time

Horseback riding

Infections such as pubic lice (pediculosis) or mites (scabies)

Who is at risk for vulvitis?

Any woman with certain allergies, sensitivities, infections, or diseases can develop vulvitis. Girls who have not yet reached puberty and postmenopausal women sometimes develop vulvitis, possibly because of inadequate levels of estrogen.

What are the symptoms of vulvitis?

The following are the most common symptoms for vulvitis. However, each individual may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms of vulvitis may include:

Redness and swelling on the labia and other parts of the vulva

Excruciating itching

Clear, fluid-filled blisters (present when the vulva is particularly irritated)

The symptoms of vulvitis may resemble other conditions or medical problems. Always consult your health care provider for a diagnosis.

How is vulvitis diagnosed?

In addition to a complete medical history and physical and pelvic examination, diagnostic procedures for vulvitis may include the following:

Blood tests

Urinalysis

Tests for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)

Pap test. Test that involves microscopic examination of cells collected from the cervix, used to detect changes that may be cancer or may lead to cancer, and to show noncancerous conditions, such as infection or inflammation.

Treatment for vulvitis

Specific treatment for vulvitis will be determined by your health care provider based on:

Massachusetts General Hospital understands that a variety of factors influence patients' health care decisions. That's just one reason why we're dedicated to ensuring patients understand their diagnosis and treatment options. Because a single option might not serve all patients, we offer a wide range of coordinated treatments and related services across the hospital. Patients should consult with their primary care doctor or other qualified health care provider for medical advice and diagnosis information.

Midlife Women's Health CenterThe Massachusetts General Hospital Midlife Women’s Health Center brings together experts from more than 15 specialties to improve, promote and advance health care for women at menopause and beyond through research, collaboration and education.

Benign Gynecology ProgramThe Benign Gynecology Program at the Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology delivers compassionate, expert care for the full range of gynecologic issues.