26 CFR 301.6671-1 is the
regulation that describes who the IRS may assess penalties against under
the Internal Revenue Code:

[Code
of Federal Regulations]
[Title 26, Volume 17, Parts 300 to 499]
[Revised as of April 1, 2000]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 26CFR301.6671-1]

[Page
402]

TITLE 26--INTERNAL REVENUE

Additions
to the Tax and Additional Amounts--Table of Contents

Sec.
301.6671-1Rules for application of assessable penalties.

…

(b)
Person defined. For purposes of subchapter B of chapter 68, the
term ``person'' includes an officer or employee of a corporation, or a
member or employee of a partnership, who as such officer, employee, or
member is under a duty to perform the act in respect of which the
violation occurs.

Even more interesting, is that the
above not only doesn’t apply to most Americans. It also doesn’t
apply to most corporations or partnerships either, because these
corporations or partnerships must be registered in the District of
Columbia. State-chartered corporations or partnerships aren’t
liable for IRS penalties either. Furthermore, the only type of
employee who can be penalized is an employee of a U.S. corporation
registered in the District of Columbia and who is involved in reporting
and complying with taxes for the corporation, and NOT for himself
individually!

The table below provides a list of the enforcing
regulations for Title 26, mostly under Subtitle F, which is Procedures and
Administration.

Table 3-5:
Enforcement Regulations

Title 26 USC

Description

Location of Enforcement Regulations

§6020

Returns prepared for or executed by Secretary

27 CFR Parts 53, 70

§6201

Assessment authority

27 CFR Part 70

§6203

Method of assessment

27 CFR Part 70

§6212

Notice of deficiency

No Regulations

§6213

Restrictions applicable to: deficiencies,
petition to Tax Court

No Regulations

§6214

Determination by Tax Court

No Regulations

§6215

Assessment of deficiency found by Tax Court

No Regulations

§6301

Collection authority

27 CFR Parts 24, 25, 53,70, 250, 270, 275

§6303

Notice and demand for tax

27 CFR Parts 53, 70

§6321

Lien for taxes

27 CFR Part 70

§6331

Levy and Distraint

27 CFR Part 70

§6332

Surrender of property subject to levy

27 CFR Part 70

§6420

Gasoline used on farms

No Regulations

§6601

Interest on underpayment, nonpayment, or
extensions for payment, of tax

27 CFR Parts 70, 170, 194, 296

§6651

Failure to file tax return or to pay tax

27 CFR Parts 24, 25, 70, 194

§6671

Rules for application of assessable penalties

27 CFR Part 70

§6672

Failure to collect and pay over tax, or attempt
to evade or defeat tax

27 CFR Part 70

§6701

Penalties for adding and abetting
understatement of tax liability

27 CFR Part 70

§6861

Jeopardy assessments of income, estate, and
gift taxes

No Regulations

§6902

Provisions of special application to
transferees

No Regulations

§7201

Attempt to evade or defeat tax

No Regulations

§7203

Willful failure to file return, supply
information, or pay tax

No Regulations

§7206

Fraud and false statements

No Regulations

§7207

Fraudulent returns, statements and other
documents

27 CFR Part 70

§7210

Failure to obey summons

No Regulations

§7212

Attempts to interfere with administration of
Internal Revenue Laws

27 CFR Parts 170, 270, 275, 290, 295, 296

§7342

Penalty for refusal to permit entry, or
examination

27 CFR Parts 24, 25, 170, 270, 275, 290, 295,
296

§7343

Definition of term “person”

No Regulations

§7344

Extenede application of penalties relating to
officers of the Treasury Department