Various subclinical measures are performed, including cardiac echocardiography and coronary computed tomography

Original Secondary Outcome Measures ICMJE

Not Provided

Current Other Outcome Measures ICMJE

Not Provided

Original Other Outcome Measures ICMJE

Not Provided

Descriptive Information

Brief Title ICMJE

Epidemiology: Oxidative Stress and Early Atherosclerosis

Official Title ICMJE

Epidemiology: Oxidative Stress and Early Atherosclerosis

Brief Summary

To measure serum concentrations of alpha tocopherol, selenium and all major carotenoids (alpha- and beta- carotene, lutein, (beta-cryptoxanthin and lycopene) in Black and white, male and female, high and low education individuals aged 18-30 in 1985-86. In subsequent renewals additional markers of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction have been measured in blood collected 7 to 30 years after baseline.

Detailed Description

BACKGROUND:

Low blood antioxidant concentrations are associated with several major degenerative diseases including cardiovascular disease and cancer. Animal, cellular and chemical experiments have elucidated biologic mechanisms consistent with antioxidant protection against several disease processes. Determinants of blood antioxidant concentrations are not well understood in young adults.

The main scientific outcome of this research will be information on distribution and correlates of blood antioxidant concentrations, useful for formulating public health messages concerning maintenance of adequate levels of alpha tocopherol, selenium, ascorbic acid and the carotenoids.

DESIGN NARRATIVE:

An analysis was conducted using serum stored at 70 degrees Celsius, collected in 1985-86 (n=5115) and 1992-93 (n=4086). These analytes were stable in serum samples collected, handled and stored under conditions used in this study. Integrity of the chemical analysis throughout the study was maintained by proven laboratory quality control procedures. Monitoring analyte concentrations in serum from collections seven years apart allowed analysis of age and time dependent changes in serum antioxidants. These data were linked with extensive pre-existing sociodemographic, dietary, other behavioral and physiologic data for the cohort. Statistical analyses provided information on the population's serum antioxidant distribution, tracking, change and major determinants in diverse young adults. In addition, these data established baseline and 7-year change concentration values for followup of this large CARDIA cohort, though the relationship of these serum antioxidants to disease endpoints was not itself part of the work scope. Study of plasma ascorbic acid, which is not stable under our storage conditions, was initiated using fresh samples to be collected in 1995-96 (n=4000).

The study was renewed in 2004 through 2008. Blood and urine was collected from subjects at the CARDIA year 20 exam to remeasure blood F2 isoprostanes, phospholipase A2, superoxide dismutase and carotenoids and tocopherols. Oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) and myeloperoxidase was also measured and analysis conducted of the association of antioxidant and oxidative damage levels and the development of subclinical macrovascular disease in this still-young group.

The study renewed for a fourth time in 2010 through 2015, and a renewal application for a fifth renewal period was submitted in summer, 2014. It continues to write reports about different feature of oxidative stress and related phenomena as the CARDIA subjects age.

Study Type ICMJE

Observational

Study Design ICMJE

Observational Model: CohortTime Perspective: Prospective

Target Follow-Up Duration

Not Provided

Biospecimen

Retention: Samples With DNA

Description:

blood and urine samples and DNA

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The study sample was selected from residents of Minneapolis, MN, Birmingham, AL, Chicago, IL and Oakland, CA in 1985-86 as a community based sample.