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This course discusses research findings in the field of positive psychology, conducted by Barbara Fredrickson and her colleagues. It also features practical applications of this science that you can put to use immediately to help you live a full and meaningful life.

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Positive Emotions: The Tiny Engines of Positive Psychology

Look “under the hood” to discover the powerful drivers of growth, well-being, and health.

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Dr. Barbara L. Fredrickson

Kenan Distinguished Professor of Psychology, Director of the Social Psychology Doctoral Program and the Positive Emotions and Psychophysiology Laboratory, President-Elect, International Positive Psychology AssociationKenan-Flagler School of Business

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So you've gotten a bit of a flavor for positive and

negative emotions, how they differ.

I mean, one of the key ways that they differ is that positive emotions are so

much more subtle than negative emotions.

I mean, negative emotions kind of scream at you, and

positive emotions are just a little whisper sometimes.

And that's that asymmetry between the positive and

the negative is something that is definitely sort of part of life and

it's a key part of understanding positive psychology, is negativity bias,

can kind of blind us to the opportunities to experience positive emotions.

So maybe just take a moment and

think of an example of when negativity bias creeps into your daily life.

Anyone have an example of that?

>> Yeah, well, what comes to mind for me is there have been times where I've

say given a talk or had an interview or something.

And there will be maybe one thing that I said that was wrong or

just not exactly how I wanted to say it.

And even if it was a great talk,

afterwards that'll be kind of replaying like oh, I could have said it this way and

that would have been more powerful or whatever it is.

But it's amazing how much it can stick with you something.

>> Right. >> Small like that.

>> Right.

Yeah.

the, you know, this is the way the human brain is designed.

Now that's not necessarily a, a personality difference.

This is kind of a human universal, is that the negative stuff pops out and screams.

So you know, there are all kind of ways we can see where that would've been

adaptive you know, does anybody have thoughts on.

>> Well I'm thinking of a political campaign, political season.

You just get a hold of one thing and then the commercials and the negative ads and

it just spirals and spirals and we end up so polarized and people hold on

to the negative verses even taking the time to get to know the candidate or

the platform.

>> Right. >> All you need is one spark and

then it just goes on.

>> Well, it's because you know, that one spark will grab everybody's attention.

So this is why the news is if it bleeds it leads.

You know, that's because the, the job of those in the media is to grab attention

and so that's the quickest, cheapest, sure-fire way to, to get that attention.

So, you know, it's, it's kind of like a, a cheap shot in some ways, but

it's again, it's just the way the, the brain is, designed.

Our, our whole what we inherited from our,

you know, early human ancestors and, you know,

you can see pretty readily that okay, it's good for us to be attuned to danger.

Because those of our ancestors who were attuned to danger,

you know, became our ancestors.

Instead of just being a, you know, a broken branch on the family tree.

But and you know, some people have argued that

the negativity bias is like in the current circumstance a design flaw.

I don't, I don't think it is because you know, if we're feeling great and

wonderful, so great and wonderful that we don't notice that a bus is about to

hit us you know, that, that wouldn't be good, you know.

So we, we still need this negativity bias today, but it does kind of get in the way.

And our, our brains are just, you know supercharged ready

to pick apart any mistakes or come up, come across anything negative.

So we, we just need to work with that.

Kind of counteract that.

I think one way to counteract that is to

get a more familiar with the range of positive emotions.

>> Mm-hm. >> And so

one thing I'd like to do is kind of go through ten different kinds of

positive emotions really quickly.

And for each one, talk about, you know, the kind of circumstance that creates it.

The kind of appraisal or interper, how we interpret that

circumstance that triggers it, what it, what it makes us want to do right then,

and then, kind of long term, what are the outcomes that go with it.

You know, and just, just to give you of flavor of,

you know, positive emotions isn't just all happy.

You know, this, there's so many different kinds of positive emotions and in fact,

you know, I've, I've written in some places like oh I'd like to ban the word

happy just because it's, you know, it's used so, so often it's not very specific.