• In patcher area
1
, enable the
toggle
object attached to the
message
box labeled
parallel $1
. Restart the audio by turning the off and on. Notice the effect, if any, on the CPU.

Depending on your computer architecture, you can take advantage of multiple cores in your computer's CPU (or multiple processors if you have a multi-processor machine) by dividing the
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object's resources over multiple
threads
. In essence, this divides the instances of the
poly~
object across the different cores or processors of your computer, allowing sets of voices to run in parallel. Depending on your computer's CPU architecture, this may provide a significant boost in performance.

• Double-click the
poly~
object to view an instance of the abstraction named
polygrain~
. Take a look around the patcher.

The
polygrain~
abstraction recieves a single
bang
(via the object at the top of the patcher) and uses it to generate a grain of audio, using the MSP logic at the bottom of the abstraction. The
trigger
object at the top of the patch clearly sets up the order of events for generating our grain:

First, the
thispoly~
object receives a
mute 0
and
1
message in immediate succession. This turns
on
(unmutes) the signal processing in the instance, and sets it's state to 'busy', so that it won't receive any more note messages until the grain is finished.

Next, a
bang
is dispatched to generate a random
amplitude
for the grain, which goes into the right side of the object labeled 'how loud is this grain?'. This controls the scaling for the output of the
line~
object above that sets the grain envelope.

Third, a random
pitch
is selected which is transformed into a duration multiplier for the
line~
objects controlling the playback of the sample and its amplitude envelope. The object divides the incoming pitch into
1.
, so that a requested pitch of
2.
tells the objects downstream to multiply their durations by
0.5
(half as long, and up an octave).

Fourth, a random
duration
is generated, which sets up the parameters for the
line~
objects so that they generate the appropriately scaled and offset values for the grain length.

Finally, a grain is triggered by generating a random
start point
based on the highlighted areas in the
waveform~
object in the main patcher. This
bang
eventually generates two messages which command the two
line~
objects to generate the playback curve for the
play~
object and the amplitude envelope for the objects.

If any keyword argument does not correspond to a formal parameter name, a
TypeError
exception is raised, unless a formal parameter using the syntax
**identifier
is present; in this case, that formal parameter receives a dictionary containing the excess keyword arguments (using the keywords as keys and the argument values as corresponding values), or a (new) empty dictionary if there were no excess keyword arguments.

If the syntax
*expression
appears in the function call,
expression
must evaluate to an iterable. Elements from this iterable are treated as if they were additional positional arguments; if there are positional arguments
x1
, …,
xN
, and
expression
evaluates to a sequence
y1
, …,
yM
, this is equivalent to a call with M+N positional arguments
x1
, …,
xN
,
y1
, …,
yM
.

A consequence of this is that although the
*expression
syntax may appear
after
some keyword arguments, it is processed
before
the keyword arguments (and the
**expression
argument, if any – see below). So:

It is unusual for both keyword arguments and the
*expression
syntax to be used in the same call, so in practice this confusion does not arise.

If the syntax
**expression
appears in the function call,
expression
must evaluate to a mapping, the contents of which are treated as additional keyword arguments. In the case of a keyword appearing in both
expression
and as an explicit keyword argument, a
TypeError
exception is raised.

Formal parameters using the syntax
*identifier
or
**identifier
cannot be used as positional argument slots or as keyword argument names. Formal parameters using the syntax
(sublist)
cannot be used as keyword argument names; the outermost sublist corresponds to a single unnamed argument slot, and the argument value is assigned to the sublist using the usual tuple assignment rules after all other parameter processing is done.

A call always returns some value, possibly
None
, unless it raises an exception. How this value is computed depends on the type of the callable object.

If it is—

The code block for the function is executed, passing it the argument list. The first thing the code block will do is bind the formal parameters to the arguments; this is described in section
Function definitions
. When the code block executes a
return
statement, this specifies the return value of the function call.

Modify and return the
facets_dict
for a group’s page.

The
group_type
is the type of group that these facets apply to. Plugins can provide different search facets for different types of group. See
IGroupForm
.

Modify and return the
facets_dict
for an organization’s page.

The
organization_type
is the type of organization that these facets apply to. Plugins can provide different search facets for different types of organization. See
IGroupForm
.

Allows custom authentication methods to be integrated into CKAN.

called to identify the user.

If the user is identified then it should set c.user: The id of the user c.userobj: The actual user object (this may be removed as a requirement in a later release so that access to the model is not required)

called at login.

called at logout.

called on abort. This allows aborts due to authorization issues to be overriden

Allows extensions to provide their own translation strings.

Change the directory of the .mo translation files

Change the list of locales that this plugin handles

Change the gettext domain handled by this plugin

Extensions implementing this interface can provide custom uploaders to upload resources and group images.

Return an uploader object to upload general files that must implement the following methods:

__init__(upload_to,
old_filename=None)

Set up the uploader.

update_data_dict(data_dict,
url_field,
file_field,
clear_field)

Allow the data_dict to be manipulated before it reaches any validators.

upload(max_size)

Perform the actual upload.

Return an uploader object used to upload resource files that must implement the following methods:

__init__(resource)

Set up the resource uploader.

Optionally, this method can set the following two attributes on the class instance so they are set in the resource object: