In IBM's AS/400 and iSeries line of computers, CIW (Computer Intensive Workload) is a measure that can be used to compare the workload-handling capability of different computer models when running application programs in which most of the computer processor work is done within the applications.

A lock is a mechanism for controlling access to something. In programming, locks are often used so that multiple programs or threads on a one-at-a-time basis. Typically, a lock is of temporary duration and when the resource is no longer required, it is freed for locking and use by the next sharer in a queue.