Atrial Septal Defect

(ASD; “Hole” in the Heart)

Definition

An atrial septal defect (ASD) is a hole in heart. It is in the wall between the left and right upper chambers of the heart. Blood can flow through this hole. This will make it hard for the heart to work well. It can also lead to a backup of fluids in the lungs.

Not all ASD will make the heart and lungs work harder. These may not need treatment. The heart will be checked during checkups for any changes. Your care team will look for any changes in heart size or abnormal heart rhythms. ASD in infants may close on their own by 3 to 5 years of age.

ASD with heart changes may need to limit certain activity. Those with smaller holes or no effects on the heart can often do all activities.

Holes that are causing stress to the heart and lungs will need treatment. The hole will be sealed with surgery or a device. Options include:

Percutaneous procedure:

A tube is inserted into a blood vessel in the thigh. It is passed up to the heart. Large incisions are not needed.

A plug is passed up to the heart. Once in place it seals the hole in the heart.

Open surgery:

Requires incision to access the heart.

May be needed for large holes. Holes may also be located in an area that affects other structures like valves.

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.

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