Conventional jet engines use a turbine-driven compressor to compress air prior to combustion of fuel. The exhaust from the combustion drives the turbine and creates thrust from the nozzle to propel the plane. Ramjet engines replace the compressor with a specially shaped duct, open at the front, that uses the forward motion of the aircraft to compress air. No moving parts are required in a ramjet.

Proper design of the commercial aircraft cabin environmental control system (ECS) can optimize the passenger comfort and safety. As there are many practical challenges associated with conducting experimental cabin flow-field measurements at flight conditions, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be a valuable tool for use in the ECS design.

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High fidelity simulation methods are being used throughout the design process to analyze modern engineering problems. The availability of high performance computing (HPC) resources has led to an exponential growth in data size.