6 Chapter 1 Getting Started Diagrams TS1200D DISK 1 DISK 2 ERROR DISK 1 DISK 2 ERROR 4 DISK 1 DISK TS1400D Power LED The power LED will light up white while the TeraStation is on. The power LED blinks white during boot or shutdown. If an error occurs, the power LED will blink red. If there is a status message, the power LED will blink amber. If there is a new firmware available, the power LED will glow amber. 5

7 2 Function LED This LED glows while the TeraStation is being initialized and while dismounting USB devices. 3 Function Button Use this button for Direct Copy, dismounting USB devices, rebuilding RAID arrays, and initializing settings. 4 Drive Status LED If an error occurs on a drive, its corresponding LED will light or blink. For TS1400D models, this LED will blink green to indicate that drive status is normal. 5 Power Switch/Power Button For TS1200D models, move the switch up and down to power on and off. For TS1400D models, press the button to power on and hold it down until the TeraStation beeps to power off. 6 Init Button Use this button when applying saved settings from a USB drive. 7 USB 3.0 Port Compatible Buffalo USB 3.0 hard drives, USB flash drives, digital cameras, and USB printers can be connected. USB hubs are not supported. 8 USB 2.0 Port Compatible Buffalo USB hard drives, USB flash drives, digital cameras, USB UPS connection, and USB printers can be connected. USB hubs are not supported. 9 LAN Port Connect to a router, hub, or switch on your Ethernet network with the included Ethernet cable. 10 Link and Activity LED This LED shows network activity. It blinks green when the TeraStation is accessed over the network. 11 Power Connector Use the included power cable to connect to a surge protector or outlet. Note: Disconnecting the AC cable from the TeraStation, even if it is not powered on, may cause the TeraStation's time to become incorrect. 12 Power Status LED 13 Fan The LED glows green when the power cable is connected. Do not block the fan. 14 Anti-Theft Security Slot Use this slot to secure your TeraStation with a cable lock (not included). 15 Not in use. 6

8 Turning the TeraStation On and Off For TS1200D models: Move the power switch on the back of the TeraStation to the "on" position to turn it on. To turn it off, move the switch to the "off" position and wait for the unit to fully shut down before unplugging it. For TS1400D models: Press the power button on the TeraStation to turn it on. To turn off the TeraStation, hold down the power button until the TeraStation beeps twice. The power LED will flash as the unit shuts down. You can also shut down or restart the TeraStation remotely from Settings. Never unplug the AC adapter without properly shutting down the TeraStation first. When all the LEDs on the front of the TeraStation turn off, the shutdown process is complete. Changing the Administrator Password After initial setup, follow this procedure to change your password. 1 Double-click the icon to start NAS Navigator2. 2 Right-click on your TeraStation's icon and select Settings. On the Mac, select the TeraStation's icon while holding down the control key, then select Settings. 3 Click Easy Admin. 7

9 4 Click Change Password. 5 If this screen is displayed, enter the current password and click OK. The default password is "password". 6 Enter the new password (twice) and click Next. 7 Click OK. You have changed the admin password. 8

10 Chapter 2 Configuration Configure and manage your TeraStation using the Settings interface, accessible from a browser window. Open the interface using the procedure below or type the TeraStation's IP address in the URL field of your browser. Within Settings, the Easy Admin page gives you quick access to commonly used settings. Note: Internet Explorer 9, Firefox 18, Google Chrome 24, Safari 5, and later are supported. If you have difficulty viewing Settings, check the following: If there are a large number of registered users, groups, or shared folders, use Firefox instead of Internet Explorer. If you have a proxy server enabled in the browser settings, disable the proxy server. With Internet Explorer, set security to Local intranet. On Windows Server 2008 or later version Windows OS, higher-level security is configured by default. Set the security to a lower level temporarily. Opening Settings 1 Double-click the icon to start NAS Navigator2. 2 Right-click on your TeraStation's icon in NAS Navigator and select Settings. For Mac OS, click your TeraStation's icon while holding down the control key, then select Settings. 3 Enter the username and password and click OK. 9

11 Notes: If the time-out period is set to "10 minutes", you will be logged out of Settings after 10 minutes of inactivity. Click Secure Connection to log in with an encrypted connection. 4 Settings will open. Notes: Username/Password Combinations: Username Password Settings Available admin password All guest blank System information (read-only) Your username Your password If a user is assigned as an administrator, all settings are available. If assigned as a general user, the user can only access read-only system information and change their own password, If assigned as a power user, the user can create and edit shared folders, users, and general users groups. The TS1400D supports the "I'm here" function for easy location. Click the TeraStation will start to beep. icon in Settings and the You can also use Bonjour to log in to Settings from OS X 10.4 or later. In Safari, click View - Show Bookmarks Bar. From Bookmarks, click Bonjour - TeraStation name. Opening Easy Admin The Easy Admin page makes it easy to change common settings. Follow the steps below to open Easy Admin. 1 Double-click the icon to start NAS Navigator2. 2 Right-click on your TeraStation's icon and choose Settings. For Mac OS, click the TeraStation icon while holding 10

12 down the control key, then select Settings. 3 Click Easy Admin. 4 The Easy Admin screen will open. Notes: If you click any buttons, you will need to enter a username and password. In Advanced Settings, click the icon at the top left to open Easy Admin. 11

13 Chapter 3 Sharing Files Adding Shared Folders 1 In Settings, click File Sharing. 2 Click to the right of "Folder Setup". 3 Click Create Folder. 4 You can create up to 20 shared folders at a time. Enter a folder name and description (optional), then click Create Folder. 12

14 If you want to configure any shared folders, click Edit and configure desired settings. Click OK when finished. 5 Click OK when the following message is displayed. Notes: Names may contain up to 27 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), and underscores (_). Do not use a symbol as the first character in a name. The description may contain up to 75 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and spaces. Do not use a symbol or space as the first character. You may create up to 400 shared folders. The names of shared folders should not use characters from more than one language. For example, mixing Japanese and Korean characters in names is not supported. If multi-byte characters are used in shared folder names, configure the client language to match the characters in Management - Name/Time/Language. Recycle Bin To protect your data from accidental deletion, you may configure your TeraStation to use a recycle bin instead of deleting files immediately. The recycle bin will only work with SMB connections. To empty the recycle bin, click File Sharing - Folder Setup - Empty Recycle Bin in Settings. 13

15 Note: You can prevent guests and other users from emptying the trash by navigating to File Sharing - SMB - Recycle Bin Permissions and selecting "Administrator only". Read-only Shares By default, new shares are set with read & write access, but you may change the attribute to Read Only in Attribute. Read-only shares and HFS+ formatted USB hard drives will have "Read-only" added to the shared folder description. Hidden Shares To hide a shared SMB folder, select "Hidden Share (SMB Only)" and click OK. To open a hidden folder, click Start - Search programs and files and enter "\\TeraStation name\shared folder name$\" for the name. For example, if the TeraStation name is "TSXXX001" and the shared folder name is "share", enter "\\TSXXX001\share$\" to open it. Note: USB drives and AFP, FTP, SFTP, WebAccess, DLNA, and NFS folders cannot be hidden. Adding Users Note: The TeraStation can register a maximum 300 of users, which includes the default users "admin" and "guest". 1 In Settings, click File Sharing. 2 Click to the right of "Users". 3 Click Create User. 4 You can create up to 20 users at a time. Enter a username and password (twice), then click Create User. 14

16 If you want to configure any users, click Edit and configure desired settings. Click OK when finished. 5 Click OK when the following message is displayed. Notes: Usernames may contain up to 128 characters, including hyphens (-), underscores (_), periods (.),!, #, $, *, ^, and %. Do not use a symbol as the first character. The user ID should be a number from 1000 to Each user ID should be unique. If this field is left blank, a user ID is assigned automatically. Do not duplicate user IDs, group IDs, usernames, or group names. Each should be distinct and unique. The description may contain up to 75 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and spaces. Do not use a symbol or space as the first character. Passwords may contain up to 20 alphanumeric characters and the following characters: - # $ % & ' ( ) * +,. / ; < > =? " [ ] ^ { } ~. Do not use a symbol other than an underscore (_) as the first character. Use the same username and password for both Windows and the TeraStation or you may not be able to access shared folders. Importing User Information You can import users in File Sharing - Users by clicking Import CSV File. Existing users will be overwritten. Format for user data: Username (required), password (required), and user description (optional). Examples: 15

17 username1,password1,comment1 username2,password2,comment2 username3,password3,comment3 Guidelines: Use commas (,) as separators. Do not put spaces before or after commas. If a line has an incorrect format, the user on that line will not be registered. If a username exists, the new user information will overwrite the old information. Do not use commas (,) in the username, password, or user description. Note: Imported users are added to the "hdusers" group automatically. Creating Sequential Users The TeraStation can create multiple sequential users. Sequential users will have a desired username and a number assigned based on the maximum number of users in the sequence (e.g. user01, user02, etc.). 1 In Settings, click File Sharing. 2 Click to the right of "Users". 3 Click Create User. 4 Click Create Sequential Users. 5 Enter a username, password (twice), number of users to create, and select the digit to add after each username 16

18 from the drop down menu. 6 Click OK. Number of users you specified are created. Notes: The username for sequential users may contain up to 24 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), and underscores (_). Do not use hyphens (-) and underscores (_) as the first character. A two or three-digit number will be added after the username. If "Create shared folders for each user" is checked, a shared folder will be created for each sequential user. This folder will have the same name as the sequential user, and only be accessed by the sequential user with the same name. Adding Groups 1 In Settings, click File Sharing. 2 Click to the right of "Groups". 3 Click Add Group. 17

19 4 Configure the desired group settings and click OK when finished. Notes: Group names may contain up to 20 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and periods (.). Do not use a symbol other than an underscore (_) as the first character. Group descriptions may contain up to 75 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and spaces. Do not use a symbol or space as the first character. If the group ID field is left blank, a group ID is automatically assigned. Use numbers between 1000 and 1999 to set a group ID manually. Don't use duplicate group IDs. You may register up to 300 groups with the TeraStation. If you are logged in as a member of the general users group, you can only change your own password. If you're logged in as an administrator, you can change any settings, including other users' passwords. If you are logged in as a member of the power users group, you can create and edit shared folders, users, and groups. Access Restrictions You may restrict access to specific shared folders, including external USB drives. Notes: Access restrictions can be set separately for each shared folder, but not for folders within the shared folders. Configure access restrictions through Settings. Configuring access restrictions through Windows is not supported and may cause unexpected behavior. Shared folders with limited access can still be used as backup destinations. If you change access restrictions for a user or group while they are accessing files, unexpected behavior may result. 18

21 7 Click OK. Notes: The example above shows access restriction by user. To restrict access by group, click the Local Groups tab and select group permissions. If both read-only and read & write permissions are given to a user, the user will have read-only access. The most restrictive access always applies. The following characters are handled differently by Mac OS and Windows. Avoid using these characters when sharing data between Mac OS and Windows: Windows does not support some characters that Mac OS and the TeraStation allow. If you create a filename on a Mac with any of the following characters, it will not display correctly on a Windows computer. With OS X 10.2 or later, you may have to connect to the TeraStation via AFP in order to display or copy any of the following characters.? [ ] / \ = + < > ; : ", * Do not use any of the following words as a username or group name: root, bin, daemon, sys, adm, tty, disk, lp, sync, shutdown, halt, operator, nobody, mail, news, uucp, ftp, kmem, utmp, shadow, users, nogroup, all, none, hdusers, admin, guest, man, www, sshd, administrator, ftpuser, apache, mysql, splx Do not use any of the following words as the name of a shared folder. These words are reserved for internal use by the TeraStation: info, spool, lost+found, global, printers, homes, lp, authtest, ram, msdfs_root, mt-daapd, usbdisk# (where # is a number, for example: usbdisk1) Don't use the following unsupported characters in shared folder names, workgroup names, or filenames: File and folder names may contain up to 255 single-byte characters. Configure hidden and read-only file attributes in Settings. Configuring them from within Windows is not supported and may cause unexpected behavior. Folder and workgroup names whose names contain non-roman characters may not be displayed correctly. If shared folders are accessed from a Macintosh, information files for the Macintosh may be generated automatically. Do not delete these files. If they are deleted using Windows, this may prevent further access from a Macintosh. The TeraStation belongs to the default zone in AppleShare Server; the zone cannot be specified. When files are copied to the TeraStation or to a USB drive connected to the TeraStation, file information such as date created, date modified, and other date information may be updated or changed. Hard drive capacity is shown in Settings in actual gigabytes. The Properties window in Windows may show GiB instead, which will be a smaller number. If any settings are changed during a file transfer, the transfer process may abort. File copying to the TeraStation is protected by a journaling file system. If the Ethernet cable is disconnected or a power outage occurs while copying data, the following may occur: - Preset data such as the TeraStation name, users, and groups may be erased. 20

22 - An incomplete file may be copied and the file can no longer be deleted. If this happens, restart the TeraStation, delete the file, and perform the copy operation again. After a drive is formatted, the "% Used" and "Amount Used" in Settings will not be 0. This is because some drive space is used for the system area. Active Directory If an Active Directory environment, the TeraStation uses account information from the Active Directory domain controller to set access restrictions for TeraStation's shared folders. There is no need to perform individual account management for the TeraStation. If multiple TeraStations are installed on the network, the account information is centrally managed in Active Directory, greatly reducing the operations required for installation and management. Note: The TeraStation supports a domain environment with a maximum of 1000 users and 1000 groups. 10,000 users and 10,000 groups can be downloaded from the domain controller but are not supported. 1 In Settings, click Network. 2 Click to the right of "Workgroup/Domain". 3 Click Edit. 4 Select "Active Directory", then click Next. 5 Click Yes. 6 Enter the desired settings, then click OK. 7 In Settings, navigate to File Sharing - Folder Setup. 21

23 8 Click a shared folder that you want to set access restrictions for. 9 Click the Access Restrictions tab. 10 Enable "Access Restrictions". 11 Select the level of access for the user or group: 12 Click OK. Notes: : Read and write access allowed : Read access allowed : Access prohibited If you change the TeraStation's name, you will no longer be able to use domain users and groups or access restrictions. To repair this, rejoin the domain. To have the TeraStation join an Active Directory domain, configure it to use a DNS server that can resolve names for the Active Directory domain. After building an Active Directory domain, the administrator password for joining the domain must be changed at least once, or joining the Active Directory domain will fail. The DNS name and NetBIOS name of Active Directory domains should be identical. If both read-only and read & write permissions are given, the user will have read-only access. The most restrictive access setting will apply. If there are more than 5 minutes difference between the TeraStation's clock and the domain controller's clock, joining the domain or authenticating domain users and groups may fail. For best results, use an NTP server to set the time for all network devices. To use the TeraStation as a member server in an Active Directory domain, the TeraStation should be logged in to the domain and accessed from a computer that is not a member of the domain with a valid domain account. If the TeraStation is a member server of an Active Directory domain, you cannot connect as a guest user via AFP. If your TeraStation is a member server in an Active Directory domain and you change the authentication method to "Workgroup", the account on the domain controller will not be deleted automatically. If the TeraStation joins a domain network, you cannot connect to it via FTP. Don't disable the SMB protocol while Active Directory is used for access restrictions. If you do, you will need to enable SMB again and reconfigure AD from scratch. 22

24 NT Domain In an NT domain environment, the TeraStation uses account information from the NT domain server to set access restrictions for files and folders on the TeraStation. There's no need to perform individual account management for the TeraStation. If multiple TeraStations are installed on the network, the account information is centrally managed in the NT domain, greatly reducing the operations required for installation and management. Note: The TeraStation supports a domain environment with a maximum of 1000 users and 1000 groups. 10,000 users and 10,000 groups can be downloaded from the domain controller but are not supported. 1 Create an account on the domain controller for the TeraStation. 2 In Settings, click Network. 3 Click to the right of "Workgroup/Domain". 4 Click Edit. 5 Select "NT Domain", then click Next. 6 Click Yes. 7 Enter settings and click OK. 8 In Settings, navigate to File Sharing - Folder Setup. 23

25 9 Click a shared folder for which you want to set access restrictions. 10 Click the Access Restrictions tab. 11 Enable "Access Restrictions". 12 Select the level of access for "Domain Users" or "Domain Groups" you added. 13 Click OK. Notes: : Read and write access allowed : Read access allowed : Access prohibited If you change the TeraStation's name, you will no longer be able to use domain users and groups or access restrictions. To repair this, rejoin the domain. If both read-only and read & write permissions are given to a user, the user will have read-only access. If a domain username is more than 20 bytes long, the TeraStation truncates it to 20 bytes. To use the TeraStation as a member server in an NT domain, the TeraStation should be logged in to the domain and accessed from a computer that is not a member of the domain with a valid domain account. If the TeraStation is a member server of an NT domain, you cannot connect as a guest user via AFP. When you change the user or group settings on the domain controller, these changes may not take effect immediately on the TeraStation until it is rebooted. If your TeraStation is a member server in an NT domain and you change the authentication method to "Workgroup", the account on the domain controller will not be deleted automatically. If the TeraStation joins a domain network, you cannot connect to it via FTP. Don't disable the SMB protocol while an NT domain server is used for access restrictions. If you do, you will need to enable SMB again and reconfigure the NT domain settings from scratch. 24

26 Chapter 4 Managing Storage RAID Arrays TeraStations support many types of RAID. The RAID array type to use depends on how many drives are installed in your TeraStation. TeraStation Default RAID Mode TS1400D RAID 5 TS1200D RAID 1 Notes: If you change the RAID mode, all data on the array is deleted. This is true for every procedure in this chapter. Always back up any important data before performing actions that affect your RAID array. After the RAID mode is changed (except when creating a RAID 0 array or JBOD), the TeraStation performs a RAID check that will take about 10 hours per TB. File transfers are slower during this period. While the I17 message is displayed in NAS Navigator2, do not turn off the TeraStation. If you do, the RAID check will start over. If the TeraStation is restarted or shut down while changing the RAID mode, the message displayed in NAS Navigator2 changes from I46 or I47 to I18. RAID 6 * RAID 6 arrays are available for TeraStations with 4 or more hard drives. RAID 6 combines 4 or more drives into a single array. The usable space is equal to the sum of the capacity of all drives minus the capacity of two drives. For example, if 4 drives are combined into a RAID 6 array, the usable space is the sum of the capacity of 2 drives. If 2 drives in the array are damaged, you can recover data by replacing them. If 3 or more drives are damaged, your data is lost. RAID 5 * RAID 5 arrays are available for TeraStations with 3 or more hard drives. RAID 5 combines 3 or more drives into a single array. The usable space is equal to the sum of the capacity of the hard drives minus the capacity of one drive. For example, if 4 drives are combined into a RAID 5 array, the usable space is the sum of 3 drives. If one drive in the array is damaged, you can recover data by replacing the damaged drive. If two or more drives are damaged at the same time, your data is lost. RAID 10 * RAID 10 arrays are available for TeraStations with 4 or more hard drives. In this mode, mirrored pairs of drives in RAID 1 arrays are combined into a RAID 0 array. The usable space is equal to the capacity of the smallest drive multiplied by the number of hard drives divided by 2. 25

27 RAID 1 Combines 2 drives into a mirrored array. The available space in the array is the capacity of a single drive. Identical data is written to each drive. If a drive is damaged, data can be recovered by replacing the damaged drive. As long as one drive in the array remains undamaged, all data in the array can be recovered. RAID 0 Combines 2 or more hard drives into a single array. The usable disk space is the total space of all drives used. This simple RAID mode offers faster performance than RAID modes that include parity. If a single drive in the array fails, then all data in the array is lost. JBOD This mode uses the hard drives inside the TeraStation as individual drives. The disk space you can use is the total capacity of both drives in the TeraStation. If either drive is damaged, then the data on that drive is lost. *Available for TS1400D. Working with RAID Arrays To change RAID settings, navigate to Drives - RAID in Settings. Using JBOD With JBOD, each hard drive in the TeraStation is addressed separately. To put drives from an array into JBOD, follow the steps below. 1 In Settings, click Drives. 2 Click to the right of "RAID". 3 Click the array to delete. 4 Click Delete RAID Array. 5 The "Confirm Operation" screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK. Once JBOD is configured, create shared folders on each drive to use them. 26

28 Changing RAID Mode To change the RAID mode, first put the drives in JBOD. 1 In Settings, click Drives. 2 Click to the right of "RAID". 3 Click the array to delete. Note: If the "RAID Mode" field is blank, the array is already in JBOD. Proceed to step 7. 4 Click Delete RAID Array. 5 The "Confirm Operation" screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK. 6 Click OK. 7 Choose a RAID array. 8 Select a RAID mode and the drives to be used, then click Create RAID Array. 9 Step through the wizard to create the array. Notes: You can also configure RAID settings from Easy Admin. After changing the RAID mode, create a shared folder. 27

29 RMM (RAID Mode Manager) With RMM, you can create or expand a RAID array without erasing the data on the drives. Before using RMM, make sure all inserted internal drives are the same size into the slots. Changing from JBOD to RAID 1 Hard drives that aren't in a RAID array show "Normal". You must have at least two drives available in JBOD (not in a RAID array) to build the RAID 1 array with RMM. 1 In Settings, click Drives. 2 Click to the right of "RAID". 3 Choose a RAID array. 4 Set the RAID mode to "RAID 1". 5 Check "Add a disk to RAID array with RMM. Your data will be preserved.". 6 Select the drive whose data will be saved from the drop-down menu. 7 Select the drive to add to the RAID array. 8 Click Create RAID Array. 28

30 9 The "Confirm Operation" screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK. Adding a Drive to an Existing RAID Array (TS1400D Only) You can add a drive to a RAID 1 or RAID 5 array. Drives that can be added to the RAID array show "Normal". Note: RMM can be used to expand an array by one drive per operation. To expand by two or more drives, RMM must be performed multiple times. 1 In Settings, click Drives. 2 Click to the right of "RAID". 3 Choose a RAID array. 4 Select the drive to add to the RAID array. 5 Click Create RAID Array. 6 The "Confirm Operation" screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK. Changing the RAID Mode While Adding a Drive (TS1400D Only) Follow the procedure above. At step 4 above, select the drive you want to add to the RAID array and choose the mode for the array. The "Confirm Operation" screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK. 29

31 RAID Scanning A RAID scan checks your RAID array for bad sectors and automatically repairs them if any are found. RAID 1 arrays are supported. For best result, run RAID scans regularly. 1 In Settings, click Drives. 2 Move the RAID scanning switch to the position to enable RAID scanning. 3 Click to the right of "RAID Scanning". 4 Click Edit. 5 Select when to run the scan and click OK. Notes: Check "Immediately" to run a scan immediately. To stop a RAID scan, click Cancel RAID Scan. If a RAID scan is configured to start while the TeraStation is in sleep mode, the RAID scan will not run. Adding an External Hard Drive Connecting an External Drive Your TeraStation includes USB ports (the number of ports depends on your model), and you can connect external drives to these ports. Once connected they appear as shared folders on the TeraStation. Formatted drives are detected automatically. Unformatted drives should be formatted in Settings. After a USB drive is recognized, Windows adds "usbdisk X" under the TeraStation in "Network", where "X" is the USB port where the hard drive is connected. The following USB devices are supported by the TeraStation: USB storage devices Card readers (except for card readers that can recognize two or more memory cards) Digital cameras USB-connected UPSs USB printers Buffalo external USB drives are recommended. These devices are not supported: 30

32 DUB and DIU series drives Hubs, mice, and keyboards Connect only one device to each USB port of the TeraStation. Some external drives with automatic power-on don't turn on automatically when connected to the TeraStation. Use their manual power switch to turn them on. Be sure to connect only one bus-powered drive at a time. If there is insufficient bus power for your USB drive, connect its AC adapter. Note that only the first partition of a connected USB hard drive is mounted. Additional partitions are not recognized. Notes: Hubs are not supported. Connect a single USB drive to each USB port. Backup data from Mac OS may include characters that cannot be written to FAT16 or FAT32 drives such as ".DS_Store". For best results, reformat the drive before using it as a backup target. Dismounting Drives If the TeraStation is powered on, dismount drives (internal and external) before unplugging them. You may dismount external drives with the function button, or any drive from Settings. If the TeraStation is off, then all drives are already dismounted and may be unplugged safely. Note: If dismounting multiple drives at the same time, dismount all drives first; when the status is displayed as "Dismounted / Plugged" in Settings for all drives, disconnect them. Dismounting with the Function Button If the TeraStation is on, hold down the function button for 3 seconds for TS1200D models or until the unit beeps for TS1400D models. The function LED will light as all attached USB drives are dismounted. You may now unplug them safely. Note: After 60 seconds, the function LED will turn off and any drives that have not yet been unplugged will be remounted. Dismounting from Settings 1 In Settings, click Drives. 2 Click Drives to dismount an internal drive or USB Drives to dismount an external drive. 3 Select the drive to dismount and click Dismount Disk. It will take about 30 seconds for the drive to be 31

33 dismounted. 4 When the following message is displayed, it is safe to unplug the drive. Note: To remount the drive, unplug it and then plug it back in. Checking Drives A disk check tests the data on a drive in the TeraStation or connected via USB for integrity. Errors are fixed automatically. With large drives, a disk check may run for many hours. Shared folders cannot be accessed during a disk check. Do not turn off the TeraStation until the disk check is finished. Use the procedure below to run a disk check. 1 In Settings, click Drives. 2 Click Drives to check an internal drive or USB Drives to check an external drive. 3 Select the drive to test, then click Check Disk. 32

34 4 Click Check. You have the option of deleting information files from Mac OS during the check if desired. Formatting Drives Note: Under some circumstances, data deleted when a drive is formatted can be recovered. To ensure that data is "gone forever", a format might not be sufficient. See the "Erase Data on the TeraStation Completely" section below. 1 In Settings, click Drives. 2 Click Drives to format an internal drive or USB Drives to format an external drive. 3 Select the drive to format, then click Format Disk. 4 Select a format type, then click Format. 33

35 5 The "Confirm Operation" screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK. 6 Depending on the size of your drive, the format may take several minutes or several hours to complete. "Formatting" will be displayed in NAS Navigator2 until the format is complete. Notes: Do not turn off or disconnect power to the TeraStation while formatting a hard drive. For drives of 2.2 TB or larger, make sure that the "GPT Partition" checkbox is selected. Encrypting Drives Internal drives (and arrays) can be encrypted with 128-bit AES during formatting. Encrypted drives and arrays are then readable only from that specific TeraStation. To unencrypt a drive or array, uncheck "Encryption" and format it again. Erase Data on the TeraStation Completely Under some circumstances, data from formatted drives can be recovered. The disk erasure process in this section does a much more thorough job of erasing data. This procedure is recommended for removing all data from a drive in a way that makes it nearly impossible to recover with current tools. All data on the drives is completely erased. The TeraStation will then be in the following state: All drives in JBOD An empty shared folder on each drive All settings returned to their default values All logs deleted To run the complete format, all drives should be inserted into the drive slots. 34

36 1 In Settings, click Management. 2 Click to the right of "Restore/Erase". 3 Click Erase TeraStation. 4 The "Confirm Operation" screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK. 5 All data on the TeraStation will be permanently erased. Disk Quotas You can set a disk quota to limit drive space for each user or group. You can also set an alert space. If the drive space exceeds the set alert space, an notification is sent. To configure notifications for disk quota, refer to the " Notification" section in chapter 8. Notes: When using quotas, disable the recycle bin or empty the trash folder often. The limited space includes the space used for trash. Quotas apply per drive or per array. If a quota is set to 1 GB, each array or drive can use a maximum of 1 GB. Quotas cannot be set for external hard drives connected to the TeraStation and hard drives that are configured as media cartridges. If both user and group quotas are configured for a user, the most restrictive quota will always apply. Make sure that SMB2 is disabled before using quotas on the TeraStation. Quotas for Users Follow this procedure to limit the shared folder disk space available for a user. 35

37 1 In Settings, click File Sharing. 2 Click to the right of "Users". 3 Select the user whose space will be limited. 4 Enable quotas, choose the maximum space the user will be allowed to use, and click OK. Note: If you change the primary group, restart the TeraStation to apply the quota settings. 5 Click OK. Quotas for Groups Follow the procedure below to limit the space for shared folders that each group can use. 1 In Settings, click File Sharing. 2 Click to the right of "Groups". 3 Select the group whose space will be limited. 4 Enable quotas, choose the maximum space the group is allowed, and click OK. 5 Click Close. 6 Click to the right of "Users". 7 Select the user who will inherit the group quota settings. 8 Change the user's primary group to the group with the quota, then click OK. 9 Click OK. 36

38 Hard Drive Replacement If a drive fails, NAS Navigator2 and Settings will show an error message. Notes: Do not unplug a running drive. Dismount it first or shut down the TeraStation before swapping a working drive. If you remove the drive without properly dismounting it, data may be lost or the TeraStation may malfunction. Use a Buffalo OP-HDBST series drive of the same size or larger (the same size if using RMM) as the replacement drive. If a larger drive is used, the extra space will not be usable in a RAID array. To avoid damaging the TeraStation with static electricity, ground yourself by touching something made of metal before handling any sensitive electronic parts. After a drive is replaced, it will take about 30 minutes before normal file reading and writing are restored. Settings may not be accessible during this period. Do not change the order of the hard drives in the TeraStation. For example, pulling out drive 1 and replacing it with drive 2 may cause data to be corrupted or lost. If a new drive is not recognized after installing it, click Rediscover Disk in Settings. For TS1400D models, do not replace 2 or more drives at the same time with new drives while the TeraStation is on. If you do, it may cause unexpected behavior. Hard Drive Replacement Examples Drive Replacement (using JBOD or a redundant RAID mode such as RAID 1 with auto-shutdown disabled) This section describes replacing a drive with the TeraStation on. 1 Squeeze the left side of the front panel and pull the panel off. TS1200D TS1400D DISK 1 DISK 2 ERROR DISK DISK 11 DISK

39 Pull the failed drive's cartridge out from the TeraStation. TS1200D TS1400D DISK 1 DISK 2 ERROR DISK DISK 11 DISK 2 Notes: Do not press hard on the top of the TeraStation. Pull the drive straight out the front of the chassis. 3 Remove the drive from the cartridge. 38

41 7 Close the front panel. TS1200D TS1400D DISK 1 DISK 2 ERROR DISK DISK 11 DISK When the replacement hard drive is recognized, an I31 message will be displayed in NAS Navigator2. 9 Hold down the function button on the front of the TeraStation for 3 seconds. For JBOD: The drive will be formatted as an individual drive. Create a shared folder on the drive before use. For RAID 1, 10, 5, or 6: The TeraStation will start rebuilding the RAID array automatically. After a few minutes, the I18 message will be displayed until the drive finishes rebuilding. Note: If the TeraStation shuts down while rebuilding the RAID array, the RAID rebuild will cancel and will not start again after the TeraStation boots. To restart the RAID rebuild, log in to Settings and go to Drives - RAID, then click Rebuild RAID Array. Drive Replacement (using a redundant RAID mode such as RAID 1 with autoshutdown enabled) This section describes the process of replacing a drive while the TeraStation is off. 1 Turn the TeraStation off and remove all cables. 2 Squeeze the left side of the front panel and pull the panel off. 3 Pull the failed drive's cartridge out from the TeraStation. Notes: Do not press hard on the top of the TeraStation. Pull the drive straight out the front of the chassis. 4 Remove the drive from the cartridge. 5 Install a new drive (sold separately) in the cartridge. 6 Replace the four screws. 7 Insert the new drive in the empty slot. 40

42 8 Close the front panel. 9 Connect all cables, then turn on the TeraStation. 10 When the replacement hard drive is recognized, an I31 message will be displayed in NAS Navigator2. 11 Hold down the function button on the front of the TeraStation for 3 seconds. The TeraStation will start rebuilding the RAID array. It will take about 5 minutes before the I18 message appears. Note: If the TeraStation shuts down while rebuilding the RAID array, the RAID rebuild will cancel and will not start again after the TeraStation boots. To restart the RAID rebuild, log in to Settings and go to Drives - RAID, then click Rebuild RAID Array. Drive Replacement (RAID 0) Drives in a RAID 0 array do not automatically turn off in the event of a malfunction. Before replacing the failed drive, either dismount the drive from Settings, or shut down the TeraStation. This section describes the process of replacing a drive with the TeraStation on. Note: If a hard drive malfunctions in RAID 0, all data on the RAID array will be lost. All of the settings for the shared folders (such as access restrictions) are erased after replacing a drive from a RAID 0 array. 1 Squeeze the left side of the front panel and pull the panel off. 2 In Settings, navigate to Drives - Drives. 3 Select the hard drive with the red error LED and click Dismount Disk. Note: If you reboot the TeraStation after a drive fails, the error LED will turn off. In this case, select the "Unformatted" drive from the list and click Dismount Disk. 4 Enter the number that appears on the screen, then click OK. 5 The error LED will turn off. 6 Pull the failed drive's cartridge out from the TeraStation. Notes: Do not press hard on the top of the TeraStation. Pull the drive straight out the front of the chassis. 7 Remove the drive from the cartridge. 8 Insert the new drive (sold separately) in the cartridge. 9 Replace the four screws. 10 Insert the new drive in the empty slot. 11 Close the front panel. 12 When the replacement drive is recognized, the I32 message will be displayed in NAS Navigator2. 13 Select the RAID array from Drives - RAID in Settings and click Delete RAID Array. Select the replacement hard drive by navigating to Drives - Drives and click Format Disk to format the new drive. Configure RAID mode by selecting Drives - RAID after formatting the hard drive. Enter the confirmation number that appears on the screen, then click OK. Create a shared folder before use. 41

43 Chapter 5 Remote Access WebAccess WebAccess is a software program for accessing the files in the shared folder of your TeraStation from your computer or mobile devices through the Internet. Be careful when configuring WebAccess. Certain settings can make the files in the shared folder available to anyone on the Internet, without any access restrictions. Notes: You can also configure WebAccess from Easy Admin. Use compatibility mode to use WebAccess with Windows 8.1 and Windows 8. WebAccess supports downloading up to 60,000 files. Attempting to download more than 60,000 files may result in unexpected behavior. 1 In Settings, click File Sharing. 2 Click to the right of "WebAccess". 3 Click Edit. 42

44 4 Configure the desired settings, then click OK. You may use the default BuffaloNAS.com registration, or disable to use a different DNS server. Choose a "BuffaloNAS.com name" and "BuffaloNAS.com key" for your WebAccess account. Names and keys may use 3 to 20 alphanumeric characters, underscores (_), and hyphens (-). If "Exclusive Session" is enabled, users cannot log multiple computers into WebAccess. Only the last login will be active. Enter a time in minutes (1 to 120, or "Unlimited") before inactive users are logged out of WebAccess. 5 Click OK. 6 Move the WebAccess switch to the position to enable WebAccess. 7 Click to the right of "Folder Setup". 8 Select a shared folder to publish. Notes: For best results, create a new dedicated share for WebAccess. When accessing shared folders through WebAccess from a remote location, a username and password may be required for certain operations. For best results, create a user account with permissions on the WebAccess share before using WebAccess. 9 Click the Advanced Settings tab. 10 Under "LAN Protocol Support", check "WebAccess" and click OK. Notes: The following levels of security are available: "Allow Anonymous" - Anyone can access (view) shared folders. "Allow All Groups and Users" - All groups and users registered on the LinkStation or TeraStation can use WebAccess. "Use Inherited Folder Permissions" - Users and groups have the same access permissions with WebAccess that they do locally. If access restrictions are not set for the shared folder, then this option will not be shown. When a user or group can access a folder through WebAccess depends on a combination of WebAccess settings and the shared folder's settings. 43

45 Folder Setup WebAccess Account WebAccess Public Mode Folder Attribute Allow Anonymous Read & Write Read Only Allow All Groups and Users Read & Write Read Only Use Inherited Folder Permissions Read & Write Not logged in R R User with read & write access R/W R R/W R R/W R User with read-only access R/W R R/W R R R Group with read & write access R/W R R/W R R/W R Group with read-only access R/W R R/W R R R Other users R/W R R/W R - - Read Only R: Read only, R/W: Read and write, -: No access 11 There are many ways to access WebAccess folders depending on your device. From a computer, supported browsers include Internet Explorer 8 and later, Firefox 3.6 and later and Safari 4 and later. Instructions: Use compatibility mode to use WebAccess with Windows 8.1 and Windows 8 in desktop mode. To access from an ios device, install the "WebAccess i" application from the App Store. Instructions: To access from an Android device, install the "WebAccess A" application from Google Play. Instructions: To access from a Windows Phone, install "WebAccess" from the Windows Phone Store. Instructions: FTP By default, the TeraStation's shares are only accessible by users connected to the same network or router as the TeraStation. The optional FTP server allows users outside the local network to access the TeraStation. Notes: FTP is intended for users who already have FTP client software and have experience with it. If the TeraStation has joined a domain network, you cannot connect to it via FTP. 1 In Settings, move the FTP switch to the position to enable FTP. 2 Click to the right of "Folder Setup". 3 Choose a folder to enable remote FTP access on. 4 Select read-only or read & write for the shared folder's attribute in the "Basic Settings" tab; under "LAN Protocol Support", check "FTP" in the "Advanced Settings" tab and click OK. Accessing the TeraStation with an FTP client To access the TeraStation via FTP, configure your FTP client software with the following settings: Hostname: IP address of the TeraStation Username: The TeraStation's username Password: The TeraStation's password Port: 21 Shared folders connected by FTP are available from the "/mnt" directory. The default locations are: 44

46 For RAID 0, RAID 5, or RAID 1: /mnt/array1/share /mnt/usbdisk1 /mnt/usbdisk2 /mnt/usbdisk3 For RAID 1 (two arrays): /mnt/array1/share /mnt/array2/share2 /mnt/usbdisk1 /mnt/usbdisk2 /mnt/usbdisk3 For JBOD: /mnt/disk1/share /mnt/disk2/share2 /mnt/disk3/share3 /mnt/disk4/share4 /mnt/usbdisk1 /mnt/usbdisk2 /mnt/usbdisk3 Accessing the TeraStation with an Anonymous user: To allow anonymous access to your FTP share, disable access restrictions. To access the TeraStation via anonymous FTP, configure your FTP client software with the following settings: Hostname: IP address of the TeraStation Username: anonymous Password: any character string Port: 21 Notes: If a file was created or copied by AFP, you may not be able to delete it using an FTP connection. If this occurs, use an SMB or AFP connection instead to delete the file. For FTP connections, make sure that the total filename including directory path is 250 single-byte characters or less. 45

47 Chapter 6 Backup Back Up from the TeraStation You can back up TeraStation folders to: A different folder on the TeraStation Another LinkStation on the network Another TeraStation on the network You can also configure backup jobs from Easy Admin. Preparing a Backup Destination First, configure a folder as a backup destination. 1 In Settings, click File Sharing. 2 Click to the right of "Folder Setup". 3 Select the folder to set as a backup destination. 4 Click the Advanced Settings tab. 5 Under "LAN Protocol Support", check "Backup" and click OK. Note: To configure a password, enter it in the "Remote Backup Password" field. Leave this field blank if you don't want a password. If the target device is configured with a backup password, you can easily find the backup target folder during configuration of the backup job by searching for the password. Backing up to a LinkStation or TeraStation on another network when connected by a VPN You can back up to a LinkStation or TeraStation on another network as long as the two networks are connected by a VPN. Follow this procedure to enter the IP address or hostname of the target LinkStation or TeraStation. 1 In Settings, click Backup. 2 Click to the right of "Backup". 46

48 3 Click List of LinkStations and TeraStations. 4 Click Add under "Off-subnet Devices", enter the IP address of the target LinkStation or TeraStation, and click Close. If your setup meets the requirements below, you don't have to configure these settings: The source and target TeraStations are on the same network. No backup password is set for the target TeraStation. No TeraStation from outside the subnet, or connected by a VPN, is used. Notes: To back up data between LinkStations or TeraStations on a network using jumbo frames, make sure that both devices are configured to use identical (or similar) Ethernet frame sizes. If Ethernet frame sizes are significantly different, the backup job may not be properly performed. In such a case, select the default frame size (1500 bytes). You can also specify hostname by a fully qualified domain name (FQDN). Configuring a Backup Job 1 In Settings, click Backup. 47

49 2 Click to the right of "Backup". 3 Click Create New Job. Note: Up to 8 backup jobs can be configured. 4 Select backup settings such as date and time to run. The following types of backup jobs may be selected: Type Files included Normal backup All files in the source will be backed up to the destination. The first backup job runs like a normal backup. In subsequent backups, files Overwrite (incremental) added to the source as well as files deleted from the source are kept in the backup folder. The first backup job runs like a normal backup. As each additional backup Overwrite (differential) job runs, files are added to and deleted from the backup folder. The backup destination folder is always the same size as the backup source folder. 48

50 Type Management backup Files included Each time a backup is executed, management information is stored, and only files that have changed are copied or deleted. Data is retrieved from the previous backup file for files that were not changed. This is useful for making backups with limited space or for referencing status at a particular point in time (for use for data snapshot applications). The destination folder for a management backup should be a local folder on this TeraStation or on a USB drive attached to it. The target folder will be set to read-only. Do not use folders from drives formatted with FAT. 5 Click Add. 6 Click Browse under "Backup Source Folder Name". 7 Select the shared folder that will be the backup source, then click OK. Note: Do not select a folder that contains a space in its folder name, or the backup job may fail. 8 Click Browse under "Backup Target Folder Name". 9 Select the backup target and click OK. 10 Click OK. Tasks added to "Backup List" are displayed. 11 Click Close. 49

51 Replication Replication copies all data from a share to a share on a different TeraStation. This is an easy way to configure a reliable system to provide data protection in the event your main TeraStation fails. To configure replication, connect an Ethernet cable to the LAN port of each TeraStation and follow the steps below. Note: Replication source data is copied to the replication target folder with a differential overwrite. Any data that is not in the replication source will be overwritten. 1 In Settings, click Backup. 2 Click to the right of "Replication". 3 Click Edit. 4 Click Add. 5 Click Browse under "Replication Source". 50

52 6 Select the shared folder that will be the replication source, then click OK. 7 Click Browse under "Replication Target". 8 Select the shared folder that will be the replication target, then click OK. 9 Click OK. 10 Click Yes. Notes: During setup, you may choose to encrypt and/or compress replication data. Encrypted data will transferred securely on the network. Compressed data will ease network loading and is recommended for slow or heavily loaded network connections. Either will increase the CPU load on the source TeraStation. Encrypted and compressed data will be unencrypted and decompressed on the target TeraStation. A maximum of 2 shared folders can be configured for replication. Shared folders with a backup password set cannot be selected as replication targets. Replication can also be used to copy all data from a share to a share on an attached external drive. Format the drive with ext3 or XFS before using it for replication. Drives with FAT32 and HFS+ partitions are not supported with replication. You can select subfolders as the replication source. Folders whose names contain more than 80 alphanumeric characters cannot be selected. Don't use the same TeraStation for both failover and replication, or replication and Time Machine. Don't configure replication from one source folder to multiple target folders. 51

53 If a network problem causes a replication error, the "Remaining Job(s)" tab may show "0" even though replication did not finish. Click Resync to recover from the replication error. All files from the source folder will be copied to the target folder. Backing Up Your Mac with Time Machine Time Machine is a backup program included with OS X 10.5 or later. Configure your TeraStation as shown to use Time Machine. 1 In Settings, click File Sharing. 2 Move the AFP switch to the position to enable AFP. 3 Click to the right of "Folder Setup". 4 Choose a shared folder as your backup destination for Time Machine. 5 Click the Advanced Settings tab. 6 Under "LAN Protocol Support", check "AFP (Mac)" and click OK. 7 Click OK. 8 Click Close. 9 Click Backup. 10 Click to the right of "Time Machine". 11 Click Edit. 52

54 12 Click Browse. 13 Select the shared folder that you set in the previous step, then click OK. 14 Click OK. 15 Click OK. 16 Move the Time Machine switch to the position to enable Time Machine. 17 On the Mac, open System Preferences. 18 Click Time Machine. 53

55 19 Click Choose Backup Disk. 20 Select the TeraStation, then click Use for Backup. 21 Enter a username and password with the rights to access the shared folder of the TeraStation, then click Connect. Note: If access restrictions are not configured on the target share, log in with the administrator account. The default username and password for the administrator account are "admin" and "password". If access restrictions are configured, log in with an account with write privileges. 22 Time Machine will count down from 120 seconds, and backup will begin. Copying from a USB Device Use Direct Copy to copy from a USB device directly to the TeraStation. 54

56 Note: To use Direct Copy, connect only one USB device at a time. These devices are supported: USB mass storage devices Card readers (except for card readers that can recognize two or more memory cards) Digital cameras and other PTP devices UPS devices that are specifically indicated as compatible USB printers These devices are not supported: USB hubs Mice Keyboards 1 In Settings, click Backup. 2 Move the Direct Copy switch to the position to enable Direct Copy. 3 Connect the USB device. When it mounts (about 10 seconds), the function LED will light up white. Note: Devices that don't trigger the function LED to light up are not supported. 4 You now have 60 seconds to press the function button. For TS1400D models, press and hold it down until the unit beeps. If you do, the function LED will flash as all the files on the USB device are copied to the Direct Copy folder ("share" is configured as a default) of the TeraStation. Notes: While the function LED is flashing, hold it down for 3 seconds to cancel Direct Copy. For digital cameras that are not in the USB mass storage class, all files from the digital camera are copied. To change the Direct Copy target folder, navigate to Backup - Direct Copy - Edit, select a new folder, and click OK. 5 When the copy operation is finished, the access LED of the USB device will stop flashing and the function LED on the TeraStation will be extinguished. Dismount the USB device from the TeraStation referring to the "Dismounting Drives" section in chapter 4. Direct Copy is now finished. 55

57 Chapter 7 Multimedia DLNA DLNA is a set of guidelines for sharing digital media. The TeraStation includes a DLNA server compliant with the DLNA guidelines. The movies, photos, and music saved on this product can be played back on DLNA-compliant TVs, stereo equipment, game consoles, and other devices within the network. Configuration 1 In Settings, click File Sharing. 2 Click to the right of "Folder Setup". 3 Select the folder that you want to share with media players and other DLNA-compatible devices. 4 Click the Advanced Settings tab. 5 Under "LAN Protocol Support", check "DLNA" and click OK. 6 Click Close. 7 Click Services. 8 Move the DLNA switch to the position to enable DLNA. 9 Click to the right of "DLNA Server". 56

58 10 Click Edit. 11 Select an interval for DLNA server database updates and click OK. 12 Click OK. Playing Files To play back content from a DLNA-compatible device: 1 Connect the DLNA-compatible device to the same network as the TeraStation and turn it on. 2 Select the TeraStation in the software of the DLNA-compatible device. 3 Select the content to be played back. Note: For more information on playing files, see the DLNA-compatible devices' manuals. Connected DLNA-compatible Devices Follow the procedure below to view the DLNA-compatible devices connected to your TeraStation. 1 In Settings, click Services. 2 Click to the right of "DLNA Server". 57

59 3 Click DLNA Client Access Permissions. 4 A list of the MAC addresses, IP addresses, and device names of the DLNA-compatible devices connected to the same network as the TeraStation is displayed. If your device is not listed, click Refresh Database. Streaming to DLNA-compatible Devices When new movies, photos, and music files are added to the TeraStation's DLNA folder, the database must be updated before the new file can be streamed. By default, the database is updated at startup and again every 60 minutes. You can change this interval or update the database manually. 1 In Settings, click Services. 2 Click to the right of "DLNA Server", then click Edit. 3 You may change the update interval, or select Refresh Database to update the database immediately. Disabling Playback from Specific Devices You may block specific DLNA devices from playing back media content. 58

60 1 In Settings, click Services. 2 Click to the right of "DLNA Server". 3 Click DLNA Client Access Permissions. 4 Uncheck the devices you do not want to allow to play media and click OK. 5 Click Restart to apply changes. Supported File Types The TeraStation supports DLNA streaming of files with the extensions below. Type File Extensions Videos.avi,.divx,.asf,.mpg,.mpe,.m1v,.vob,.mts,.m2ts,.m2t,.mpeg,.mpeg2,.vdr,.spts,.tp,.ts,.3gp,.mov,.m4v,.wmv,.dvr-ms,.xvid,.mp4,.m4v Pictures.jpg,.jpeg,.gif,.png,.tif,.tiff,.yuv,.bmp Music.mp3,.mpa,.wma,.aac,.apl,.ac3,.lpcm,.pcm,.wav,.m3u,.m4a,.mp4,.3gp,.m4b,.aif,.aiff,.flac,.ogg,.mp2,.mp1,.mp4 itunes Server If itunes server is enabled, computers on your network with itunes can play music files stored on the TeraStation and transfer them to ipod, iphone, and ipad devices. itunes server supports playback from up to five computers. 1 In Settings, click Services. 59

61 2 Click to the right of "itunes Server". 3 Click Edit. 4 Click Browse. 5 Select the shared folder that you want to make available to itunes, then click OK. 6 Click OK, then OK again. 7 Move the itunes server switch to the position. BitTorrent BitTorrent is a protocol for distributing large amounts of data efficiently. The information in this chapter is for users who are familiar with BitTorrent. 60

62 Notes: Use compatibility mode to use the download manager with Windows 8.1 and Windows 8. The download manager doesn't work with Internet Explorer 11. To open the download manager, use a different browser or an earlier version of Internet Explorer. The download manager is similar to "µtorrent". 1 In Settings, click Applications. 2 Click to the right of "BitTorrent". 3 Click Edit. 4 Click Browse. 5 Select the shared folder where the downloaded file will be saved, then click OK. 6 Click OK. 61

63 7 Move the BitTorrent switch to the position to enable BitTorrent. 8 Click to the right of "BitTorrent". 9 Click Open Download Manager. The default username is "admin" and the default password is blank (no password). 10 The download manager will open. 62

65 5 Enter your mail server settings and choose what events will trigger notification. Click OK to send a test . Sleep Mode To save energy, you can specify times to put the TeraStation into sleep (standby) mode, where the hard drive and LEDs are turned off. 1 In Settings, click Management. 2 Click to the right of "Sleep Timer". 3 Click Edit. 64

66 4 Specify the timer interval, wake-up time, and time to go into sleep mode, then click OK. Notes: Up to three timers can be set. The time to enter sleep mode can be set from 0:00 am to 3:45 of the next day. The time to wake from sleep mode can be set from 0:00 to 23:45. If the time to enter sleep mode is after 24:00, the wake-up time setting may be from 4:00 to 23:45. The time to enter sleep mode should not be set at the same time as or before the start time. If a backup job is scheduled during a disk check, disk format, backup job or within 5 minutes of the current time, the TeraStation will not change to standby mode when the configured time is reached. If scheduled times in the timer overlap, operation is performed using the widest time interval. Examples of multiple timer settings are shown below. Example 1: If running at a current time of 10:00 Wednesday Timer 1: Daily 12:00 24:00 Timer 2: Not used Timer 3: Not used No operation is performed at 12:00 and the unit goes into sleep mode at 24:00. Example 2: If running at a current time of 10:00 Wednesday Timer 1: Daily 9:00 18:00 Timer 2: Wednesday 10:00 20:00 Timer 3: Not used On days other than Wednesday, normal operation begins at 9:00 and the unit goes into sleep mode at 18:00. On Wednesday, the unit goes into sleep mode at 20:00. Example 3: If running at the current time of 10:00 Wednesday Timer 1: Daily 9:00 18:00 Timer 2: Wednesday 10:00 25:00 Timer 3: Not used On days other than Wednesday, normal operation begins at 9:00 and the unit goes into sleep mode at 18:00. On Wednesday, normal operation begins at 10:00 and the unit goes into sleep mode at 1:00 am of the next day. Example 4: When running at a current time of 10:00 Wednesday Timer 1: Daily 9:00 18:00 Timer 2: Wednesday 7:30 22:00 Timer 3: Not used On days other than Wednesday, normal operation begins at 9:00 and the unit goes into sleep mode at 18:00. 65

67 On Wednesday, normal operation begins at 7:30 and the unit goes into sleep mode at 22:00. To wake the TeraStation from sleep mode manually, press the power button. UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) If a UPS (sold separately) is attached, the TeraStation can be automatically shut down for protecting data in the event of a power outage. 1 Plug the power cable of the UPS to a wall socket. 2 Connect the AC cable of the TeraStation to the UPS. 3 Connect the UPS and TeraStation using a USB cable. 4 Turn on the UPS, then the TeraStation. 5 In Settings, click Management. 6 Click to the right of "UPS Sync". 7 Click Edit. 8 Configure the desired settings, then OK. Notes: If the TeraStation is connected directly to a UPS, select "Sync with UPS connected to this TeraStation". If a different TeraStation is connected to the UPS, select "Sync with UPS connected to another LinkStation or TeraStation on the same network". After making this selection, enter the IP address of the TeraStation that will be the sync source in "Other LinkStation or TeraStation's IP Address". When the TeraStation is rebooted after an automatic shutdown (such as from a power outage or power supply problem), verify that the power supply has been restored. If the TeraStation is turned on while it is still running on the UPS and without the power supply restored, automatic shutdown is not performed, even after the specified time has elapsed. If the power supply from the UPS to the TeraStation is stopped and restarted when UPS recovery is enabled, the TeraStation is automatically restarted. 66

68 Connecting a Printer You can connect a printer to the USB port on the TeraStation. Notes: Only one USB printer can be connected to the TeraStation. Bidirectional communication is not supported i.e., remaining ink quantities and other printer status information is not displayed. If a multifunctional printer is connected, only the printer function can be used. Other functions such as scanning will not be available. The print server does not support Mac OS. Don't disable the SMB protocol while the print server is enabled. If you do, you will need to enable SMB again and reconfigure the print server from scratch. 1 In Settings, click Services. 2 Move the print server switch to the position to enable the print server. 3 Refer to the manual supplied with the printer and install the printer drivers. 4 Click Start - Network. For Windows 8.1 and Windows 8, click the Network in File Explorer. 5 Double-click the TeraStation server name. 6 Double-click the icon of the connected printer (shared name is displayed). 7 Select your printer, then click OK. 8 Register the printer. 67

69 Offline Files The "offline files" feature that is included with many versions of Windows can be used with files on the TeraStation. You will be able to work on files stored on the TeraStation even when your PC is disconnected from the network. When you next connect to the network, the updated files are written and synchronized. Follow the procedure below to configure offline files. 1 In Settings, click File Sharing. 2 Click to the right of "Folder Setup". 3 Click the shared folder for offline files. 4 Click Edit. 5 Choose "Manual File Caching", "Automatic File Caching", or "Automatic Program and File Caching", then click OK. Note: "Manual File Caching" - User selects files that are cached. "Automatic File Caching" - Opened files can be cached locally for offline use. Previous versions of files that are not synchronized are automatically replaced by the latest versions. "Automatic Program and File Caching" - Opened files can be cached locally for usage offline. Previous versions of files and applications executed from the network that are not synchronized are automatically replaced by the latest version of the files and applications. 6 Click OK. 7 Click Close. 8 Right-click the icon of the shared folder on the TeraStation for which you have set the offline feature, then click Always available offline. if the offline file wizard opens, follow the instructions on the screen. 9 When the offline settings and sync settings are completed, the files and folders set appear as shown: 10 If the computer is disconnected from the network after synchronization is completed, the offline file function can be used. Offline files can be accessed by the original Universal Naming Convention (UNC) where the data was saved. Accessing from an NFS Client Note: (US purchasers only) Buffalo's customer support will help configure the NFS settings on your TeraStation, 68

70 and will support VMware and Windows clients but will not provide support for configuring your Linux or other UNIX clients. There are many types of UNIX and the procedures for configuring NFS with them will vary considerably. For help configuring your NetWare, Linux, or other UNIX clients for NFS support please consult each client's own documentation and support. 1 In Settings, click File Sharing. 2 Click to the right of "Folder Setup". 3 Choose the shared folder that will be accessible to the NFS client. 4 Click the Advanced Settings tab. 5 Under "LAN Protocol Support", check "NFS" and click OK. Note the NFS path. It will be used later for accessing data from NFS clients. 6 Click Close. 7 Move the NFS switch to the position to enable NFS. 8 Click to the right of "NFS". 9 Click Client Settings. 10 Click Add Client. 69

71 Note: To delete a client, check the hostname and click Delete Client. 11 Enter the IP address and hostname of the NFS client, then click OK. 12 Click Close. 13 Enter the mount command to access the shared folder from the NFS client. The mount command depends on your operating system. The examples below assume that IP address of your TeraStation is , "/mnt/array1/share" is the desired NFS path, and "/mnt/nas" or drive letter "z" is the mount point. For Linux: mount -t nfs :/mnt/array1/share /mnt/nas For Windows Service for Unix 3.5: mount :/mnt/array1/share z: For Solaris 10: mount -F nfs :/mnt/array1/share /mnt/nas Notes: To restrict NFS access to a specific network or client, navigate to File Sharing - NFS - Services and click Edit. Enter the address of the network. For example, if your local network subnet has a router at and clients with IP addresses in the range from through with subnet mask , then the "Public Network Address" would be and the "Public Subnet Mask" would be This would mean that only clients on this local network would be able to access the NFS share. If the default settings are used ( for both the public network address and the public subnet mask), then access to the NFS share will not be restricted. To use NFS folders with VMware ESX/ESXi or Citrix, navigate to Services - Edit and change the operation mode from "User Mode" to "Kernel Mode". Async is the default for NFS rules. Sync is available only when the device is in kernel mode. 70

72 To restrict access to a NFS share for specific clients, navigate to File Sharing - NFS - NFS Rules and click Add Rule. Choose the folder to restrict access to, and enter the clients that will have restricted access in the "Hosts" field. Clients may be entered by hostname, IP address, or IP address range. Wildcards are supported. Separate multiple entries with commas. You may assign read-only or read & write access to the listed clients. Rules override settings made from the Services tab. Encrypting Data Transmission Encrypting Settings Data All communication with Settings can use SSL encryption if you access settings through https://. Encrypting FTP Transfer Data You can encrypt passwords and files using SSL/TLS for secure FTP communication. First, open a shared folder's settings and click Edit; under "LAN Protocol Support", check FTP and click OK. Enable SSL security in the setup screen for your FTP client. The procedure depends on the FTP client software. SSL Keys SSL keys are used during setup screen operations and FTP communication. SSL (Secure Socket Layer) is a type of encryption system called public key encryption. Generally, SSL is managed by the two files below. server.crt (SSL Certificates) The TeraStation sends the file to a computer, and the computer uses it to perform encryption. The TeraStation receives the encrypted data and uses server.key ( the private key) to decrypt the data. In SSL, this key contains the server certificate, and depending on your computer environment, a check may be performed to determine the trustworthiness of the certificate. The server certificate included in the TeraStation in the default settings was created by Buffalo, and in some cases the message "There is a problem with this website's security certificate" may be displayed in your browser or other software. Disregard this message and continue. server.key (SSL Key) This file is used as a pair with server.crt (server certificate). This is required for decrypting the data that was encrypted by the server certificate, and this is normally not revealed. Updating SSL Key To update a server certificate and a private key for SSL, follow this procedure. 1 Navigate to Management - SSL. 2 Register "server.key" for "Secret Key" and "server.crt" for "Server Certificate (.crt)", then click Import. 71

73 Notes: Place the SSL key files (server.key, server.crt) directly below the C root drive. The SSL key may not be able to be updated if it is placed in folders or paths that contain multi-byte characters. Use the provided password for the SSL key. If Settings cannot be displayed after updating, initialize the TeraStation settings. Updating the firmware initializes the SSL key. Web Server The TeraStation can be used as a web server. In addition to HTML files, images, and JavaScript, the TeraStation also allows installation of Perl script and PHP script files. The web server uses version of lighttpd, version of Perl, and version of PHP. 1 In Settings, click Services. 2 Move the web server switch to the position to enable the web server. 3 Click to the right of "Web Server". 4 Click Edit. Note: The settings of the PHP language interpreter can be changed from "Edit php.ini". 5 Click Browse. 72

74 6 Choose a shared folder for the web server, then click OK. 7 Choose an external port, then click OK. MySQL Server The TeraStation can be used as a MySQL server. A MySQL database may be installed and linked with the web server. The TeraStation uses version of MySQL server and version of PhpMyAdmin. 1 In Settings, click Services 2 Move the MySQL server switch to the position to enable the MySQL server. 3 Click to the right of "MySQL Server". 4 Click Edit. 73

75 5 Click Browse. 6 Choose a shared folder for the MySQL server, then click OK. 7 Choose an external port, then click OK. Saving and Applying Settings The TeraStation's settings can be saved to a USB memory device and restored to another TeraStation. Use this function to back up and copy settings to a new TeraStation. Make a note of the hard drive configuration (number of hard drives, RAID, etc.) of the TeraStation where the settings were saved. Make sure that any TeraStation that you apply these settings to has exactly the same hard drive configuration before you apply the settings. If the drive configuration is different, you may get unexpected results. The following settings are not saved or restored: Category Settings File Sharing Shared folder information in USB drive All settings in "Drives" Drives All settings in "RAID" - "Options" - "RAID Array Settings" USB drive information Network All settings in "IP Address" All settings in "Name" All settings in "UPS Sync" Management All settings in "SSL" Display language in Settings Saving Settings 1 Insert a USB memory device into a USB port on the TeraStation. 74

76 Notes: The USB memory device should have a capacity of at least 1 GB. Any data stored on the USB memory device will be deleted. 2 In Settings, click Management 3 Click to the right of "Restore/Erase". 4 From "Target USB drive", select the USB memory device that is connected to the USB 2.0 port of the TeraStation. 5 Select "Save current configuration to a USB drive". Click Execute. 6 The "Confirm Operation" screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK. 7 When the following message is displayed, saving settings is finished. Click OK. Troubleshooting: If the settings are not saved to the USB memory device successfully, you may receive the error message "The specified operation cannot be executed". Verify: The device has a capacity of 1 GB or larger. The device is not write-protected. Note: If you changed any hostname or network settings since your last backup, save your settings again to the USB memory device again. Applying Settings The saved settings can be applied to a different TeraStation (of the same series). There are two ways to apply settings from the USB memory device. Applying from Settings 1 Connect the USB memory device with the saved settings to a USB 2.0 port (not a USB 3.0 port) of the TeraStation. 2 In Settings, click Management. 75

77 3 Click to the right of "Restore/Erase". 4 From "Target USB drive", select the USB memory device that is connected to the USB 2.0 port of the TeraStation. 5 Select "Transfer settings from a USB drive", then click Execute. 6 The "Confirm Operation" screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK. Note: Do not press the function button while applying settings from the USB memory device. 7 When the following message is displayed, applying settings is finished. Click OK. Applying with Init Button (TS1400D Only) 1 Turn off the TeraStation. 2 Insert the USB memory device with the saved settings into a USB 2.0 port (not a USB 3.0 port) on the TeraStation. 3 While holding down the init button on the back of the TeraStation, press the power button. 4 Hold down the init button until the function LED starts blinking red. When it starts to blink, let go of the button. 5 When the TeraStation is ready, the power LED will start blinking red and the I41 message will be displayed in NAS Navigator2. 6 Hold down the function button until the TeraStation beeps. Applying settings will start. 7 It will take several minutes for the settings to apply, When finished, the TeraStation will shut down. 8 Remove the USB memory device, then power on the TeraStation. Restoring Factory Defaults There are two ways to initialize the TeraStation. To initialize the TeraStation to its factory default settings, follow one of the procedures below. 76

78 Initializing with Function Button 1 Turn off the TeraStation. 2 Turn the TeraStation on while holding down the function button. The function LED will flash. 3 Press the function button again while the LED is flashing. 4 Initialization will take 5 to 10 minutes. Do not power down the TeraStation while it is initializing and showing an I23 information message in NAS Navigator2 and with the power LED. When initialization is finished, reboot your TeraStation. Notes: The following settings will be initialized: admin username, admin password, IP address, and Ethernet frame size. To disable initializing the admin username and password, navigate to Management - Restore/Erase - Edit and change "Restore factory default settings" to "Keep current settings". Be careful with this option! If this is selected and you lose your admin password, you will not be able to reset it. Initializing from Settings You can also initialize TeraStation settings from Settings. 1 In Settings, click Management. 2 Click to the right of "Restore/Erase". 3 Click Initialize TeraStation. 4 The "Confirm Operation" screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK. 5 The TeraStation will be restored to its factory default settings. Logs Follow the procedure below to check the TeraStation's logs. 1 In Settings, click Management. 2 Click to the right of "Logs". 77

79 3 Click Edit. 4 Select a log to view. The file operation log stores file operations performed on the internal hard drives. File operations on USB drives are not logged. Note: All logs are encoded in UTF-8 format. To show them correctly, change the software encoding to "UTF-8". To transfer logs 1 Click Edit. 2 Enable "Syslog Transfer". 3 Enter the IP address of the syslog server where you want to transfer the logs to. 4 Select the type of log that you want to transfer from "Logs To Transfer". 5 Click OK. Note: FTP logs cannot be written to a syslog server. To create a link to the logs in the shared folder 1 Click Edit. 2 Enable "Share Link to Logs". 3 Select the shared folder where the link will be created in "Target Shared Folder". 4 Click OK. Under the selected shared folder, a folder named "system_log" will now contain the logs. Updating the Firmware If a new firmware is available, a message is displayed when the TeraStation boots. You can update the firmware by following the procedure below: Updating from Settings: 1 In Settings, click Management. 78

80 2 Click to the right of "Update". 3 Click Install Update. You can also download the latest firmware from the Buffalo website. Note: Settings is not available while the firmware is updating. Don't try to access Settings from another computer until the update is complete. Name, Date, Time, and Language Configure the TeraStation's hostname, date, time, and language as shown below. 1 In Settings, click Management. 2 Click to the right of "Name/Time/Language". 3 Click Edit. 4 Click the Name tab, then configure the TeraStation's name and description. 5 Click the Time tab. 79

81 Click Use Local Date/Time to use your computer's time settings for the TeraStation. By default, the TeraStation adjusts its clock automatically by using a default NTP server. This NTP server belongs to Internet Multi Feed Inc. For more information, visit To use a different NTP server, select Name/Time/Language from Management. Click Time, then Edit. Uncheck "Use Default NTP Server" and enter a new NTP IP address. Click OK. If an NTP is not used, enter the time and date manually. Click Use Local Date/Time to import the time and date from your computer. If an NTP server is specified by name instead of IP address, make sure that a DNS server is configured for the TeraStation. Notes: The internal clocks of the TeraStation and other devices on your network may run at slightly different speeds. Over a long period of time your network devices may show somewhat different times, which can cause network problems. If clocks on your network vary by more than 5 minutes it may cause unexpected behavior. For best results, keep all clocks on the network set to the same time by adjusting them regularly, or use an NTP server to correct them all automatically. Disconnecting the AC cable from the TeraStation, even if it is not powered on, may cause the TeraStation's time settings to become incorrect. This will affect scheduled settings such as backup jobs or sleep mode. If this occurs, correct the time settings. 6 Click the Language tab. Select the language to be used and click OK. Note: This tab changes the language used by the TeraStation for notifications, DLNA, and other functions. To change the language displayed in Settings, go to Advanced Settings or Easy Admin and click Language in the menu bar. Choose your desired language from the drop-down menu. Jumbo Frames If your other network devices support it, you may be able to increase network performance with jumbo frames. 1 In Settings, click Network. 80

82 2 Click to the right of "IP Address". 3 Click the LAN port where the jumbo frames will be used. 4 Select the desired Ethernet frame size and click OK. Note: Make sure the TeraStation's Ethernet frame size is smaller than the hub or router's. Larger frame sizes may not transfer the data to the TeraStation correctly. 81

83 Changing the IP Address Normally, the TeraStation's IP address is set automatically from a DHCP server on your network. If you prefer, you can set it manually. An easy way to do this is to change it from NAS Navigator2 running on a computer connected to the same router (subnet) as the TeraStation. The procedure to change the IP address in Settings is below. 1 In Settings, click Network. 2 Click to the right of "IP Address". 3 Click the LAN port where the IP address will be changed. 4 Disable "DHCP" and enter the desired network address settings, then click OK. Note: The following IP addresses are reserved and should not be used. If you configure one of them by accident, initialize IP address settings with the function button on the TeraStation. Local loopback address: , Network address: , Broadcast address: , The IP address range from to

84 Chapter 9 Utilities NAS Navigator2 for Windows NAS Navigator2 is a utility that makes it easy to display Settings, change the TeraStation's IP address, or check its hard drive. If you installed the TeraStation with the TeraNavigator CD, NAS Navigator2 was installed automatically. Double-click the icon to start NAS Navigator2. Click your TeraStation's icon to open a share on the TeraStation and display: Total capacity Capacity in use IP address Workgroup Subnet mask Default gateway MAC address Firmware version 83

85 Name Menu View Browse * Refresh *, ** I'm here Causes Right-click your device's icon to show these options. Map Share * Disconnect Share * Map All Remote Shares to Drive Letters Create Desktop Shortcut * Launch NAS Navigator2 on Startup Display Errors Properties * Close View Sort by Browse Shares Settings Properties Map Share Disconnect Share Create Shortcut I'm here ** Description Assigns the TeraStation's shared folder as a network drive. Unmaps the network drive. Assigns all the TeraStation's shared folders as network drives. Creates a shortcut icon on the desktop to the shared folder "share". Launches NAS Navigator2 in the system tray when Windows boots. If an error occurs, an error message will pop up from the NAS Navigator2 icon in the system tray. Opens the selected TeraStation's properties page. Closes NAS Navigator2. Icons: Displays icons. Details: Displays hostname, product name, workgroup, IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. Selects the sort order from the following to display when multiple TeraStations are found: Hostname, product name, workgroup, IP address, subnet mask, default gateway Opens the TeraStation's shared folder. Refreshes list of NAS devices on the network. your TeraStation to beep. Opens the TeraStation's shared folder. Opens Settings for the selected TeraStation. Opens the TeraStation's properties page. Assigns the TeraStation's shared folder as a network drive. Unmaps the network drive. Creates a shortcut icon on the desktop to the shared folder "share". Causes your TeraStation to beep. *Click on the TeraStation's icon to display these options. **"I'm here" is only available on TS1400D models. When clicked, the TeraStation will beep and its power LED will blink red. When NAS Navigator2 is minimized, right-click on the NAS Navigator2 icon in the system tray for the following options. Name TeraStation Name Refresh Browse Shares Settings Properties Map Share Disconnect Share Create Shortcut I'm here * Description Opens the TeraStation's shared folder "share". Opens Settings for the selected TeraStation. Opens the TeraStation's properties page. Assigns the TeraStation's shared folder as a network drive. Unmaps the network drive. Creates a shortcut icon on the desktop to the shared folder "share". Causes your TeraStation to beep. Refreshes list of NAS devices on the network. 84

86 Browse Shares Exit Shows a list of shared folders on the selected NAS device. Exits NAS Navigator2. *"I'm here" is only available on TS1400D models. When clicked, the TeraStation will beep and its power LED will blink red. The following tasks may be performed from the TeraStation's properties page. Name Configuration IP Address Description Click Settings to open the configuration interface. Check Use DHCP to assign an IP address from the DHCP server automatically. If there is no DHCP server on the network, you cannot use this function. Check Renew IP address to obtain an IP address from the DHCP server. Uncheck Use DHCP and enter an IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway to manually configure them. Mount as Network Drive You can easily map a shared folder as a network drive using NAS Navigator2. 1 Double-click the icon to start NAS Navigator2. 2 Right-click on the TeraStation's icon, then click Map Share. 3 An icon for the mapped share will appear in Computer or My Computer. You can use this network drive just like 85

87 any other hard drive. Changing the IP Address 1 Double-click the icon to start NAS Navigator2. 2 Right-click on your TeraStation's icon and choose Properties - IP Address. 3 Uncheck "Use DHCP" and enter the desired settings, then click OK. If the username and password prompt appears, enter the admin username and password. Note: The following IP addresses are reserved and should not be used. If you configure one of them by accident, initialize IP address settings with the function button on the TeraStation. Local loopback address: , Network address: , Broadcast address: , The IP address range from to NAS Navigator2 for Mac NAS Navigator2 is a utility program that makes it easy to display Settings, change the TeraStation's IP address, or check its hard drive. 86

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