This is the first publication to be sponsored by the National Association of Mining History Organisations. We hope that it will lay the foundations of a continuing series. The bibliography is designed to be part of an expanding "tool kit" of material to facilitate research into the history of metal mining in Britain and abroad and joins work previously published from the University of Exeter on The Mineral Statistics of the United Kingdom. It draws together a wide range of disparate literature published over five decades and for the first time gives a complete national picture of a subject which has developed on a piece-meal regional basis. It is intended both as a guide for those already working in the field and as an introduction to those approaching it for the first time. As such, it is clearly within the purview of N.A.M.H.O. which was formed in 1979, "to establish the subject of mining history as a cohesive discipline and to promote the subject in all of its various aspects." Today N.A.M.H.O. has over forty member organisations, many of whose publications are included here.

We have collected most of the material presented here and must take responsibility for its accuracy and method of presentation. However, we have received invaluable assistance from a large number of people in all parts of the country who have sent details of additional material and helped to cheek our lists. If we mention a few by name, we hope that the many others who are not included will not be offended. Particular thanks must be expressed to Mike Gill and Lynn Willies for their work on Derbyshire and Yorkshire respectively; Ivor Brown for material on Shropshire and other areas; David Bick, Jeremy Wilkinson, Alan and Christopher Williams for references on North and Central Wales; Paul Sowan for a large part of our limited material on the South East; Christopher Schmitz for his work on Scotland; and Andy Bowman for all sorts of interesting bits and pieces. We hope that whoever updates this collection in years to come, can call on such friendly and expert advice.

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INTRODUCTION

This collection was intended as a comprehensive bibliography of all books, theses and articles on British metalliferous mining that have been published since the Second World War. It almost certainly falls short of that objective. There are undoubtedly many titles, perhaps even entire journals, that have been overlooked. We hope that we have covered the ground fairly well, however, and that there are no major omissions. Any significant material that does come to light could be included in future up-dating editions. What we think that we have achieved here is a useful collection of secondary reference works to assist new and established mining historians in checking the existing literature in the field and in helping them to shape and develop long-term research plans.

The main purpose of the study was to try to identify and pull together literature which could be principally identified as "metal mining history". In 1981, John Benson, Robert Neville and Charles Thompson produced a comprehensive Bibliography of the British Coal Industry for the National Coal Board, listing secondary references as well as a wide range of primary material, including Parliamentary Papers, Maps and Plans. We thought it appropriate to produce a similar, though less ambitious work, on Britain's other major extractive industries. Restricting ourselves for the moment to the modern secondary literature, and leaving quarrying aside for a separate volume, we have collected material on the mining of iron, copper, lead/silver, tin, zinc and manganese ores, together with the rarer metals such as gold and tungsten and major associated minerals, such as arsenic, barytes and fluorspar.

Unlike the coal industry, which has enjoyed the academic limelight for many years, the history of the metal mining industries has been largely ignored by the professional historians. This was mainly because of the early collapse of metal mining into relative obscurity. The industry did not provide significant twentieth century economic and social problems which could act as a focus for historical research. Its early demise also meant that it never experienced the benefits of nationalisation. Research into metal mining history has never received the flow of funding from the industry and wealthy unions that has so encouraged the coal historians. Whatever the reasons, metal mining history was left to develop randomly from the essentially peripheral interests of antiquarians, local historians, geologists and other non-specialists. From its origins

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among these groups around the mid-century, it gradually emerged into what could best be described as a specialist branch of industrial archaeology in the 1960s and 70s. Like that broader subject, it continued to lack any coherent methodology or central philosophy, let alone a theoretical structure. However, it has exploited that anarchy to find an energy and excitement that continues to draw the active support of thousands of enthusiasts nationwide. In many respects it can be compared with the "railway history phenomenon" that has received such widespread public interest since British Rail decided there was no future in steam!

From its earliest origins, metal mining was, and still remains, locally orientated. The great bulk of published material relates to the history of particular mines or small mining districts with very few attempts to generalise to a national or even a comparative regional picture. This is quite reasonable for a subject reliant mainly on part-time practitioners, finding their inspiration near at home and having easy access only to local record offices. The most convenient way to arrange the material that we have collected was on a regional basis: that is how it was written and that is how it will mainly be used. No doubt there will be quibbles over the allocation of certain references between regional sections – particularly the Pennine divisions, which were made very arbitrarily – but the great majority of the material is easily and directly classifiable. With the principal non-ferrous metals being fairly localised – copper mainly in the South West and North Wales; lead mainly in the Pennines and North and Central Wales; and tin only in Cornwall and Devon – the regional classification also provides a loose subject structure.

In our geographical coverage of the subject, we have restricted ourselves to mainland Britain, together with the Isle of Man. This reflects no particular prejudice against the Irish. A wide range of mining activities flourished there for centuries but we could not ourselves easily access the libraries of the north and south to list the specialist literature. Neither did we know anyone resident who would have acted reliably as our agent! From what we have seen, however, it would appear that not much recent work has been done and that it remains a fertile frontier for future research. Scotland did not present such formidable problems, largely because much of its mining history has been written by English researchers and/or published in English journals. An ex-Exeter colleague, Christopher Schmitz, now a member of the Department of Modern History at St. Andrews University, also greatly assisted us by providing additional references. Similarly, most of the important recent material on mining in the Isle of Man has been published in the major English mining history

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journals, as has much literature on the Welsh industry. For the latter we also received considerable help in identifying the material available in local history transactions and journals specifically devoted to the Principality, from David Bick, Alan Williams and many others.

The main problem encountered in pulling together a collection of this kind was not deciding or maintaining its main focus, nor arranging the final body of material. Rather it was in drawing the boundaries of the subject – what is metal mining history and what is not. At the outset it all seemed fairly clear, but as work progressed it increasingly appeared as though the subject was being viewed through a fish-eye lens, with the edges becoming more and more blurred as the frame widened. One of the most complex problems to resolve was what to do about material on the processing of the ores once they had left the mine: viz. reduction and refining. The solution that was adopted seemed to make sense at the time but has resulted in a rather unbalanced treatment of the ferrous and non-ferrous ores. As a working rule, it was decided to include all material on smelting where it made at least passing reference to the production or distribution of the ore. As it turned out, in terms of the overall shape of the material, this has meant that we have included virtually all of the recent work on the initial processing of non-ferrous ores. In general, relatively little has been written on the smelting of tin, copper and lead and that which has appeared tends to be found in the "mining literature" rather than in separate specialist studies. For iron, however, the situation is almost entirely reversed. Here the interests of historians have long been focused on smelting and refining and very little has been done on mining and the differing character of the ores. A situation has thus arisen where we have collected most of the material on the smelting of non-ferrous ores but very little on the smelting of iron. In some ways this is a fortunate result. There is so much information on iron processing that it would have swamped the entire volume, and overwhelmed its main purpose, had it been included. Nevertheless, the split between mining and metallurgical history, which is so apparent in the ferrous sector, is to be much regretted. By looking at only one aspect of the overall costs of producing metals, it clearly devalues the overall accuracy and usefulness of the work in both sectors.

Other blurred or ragged edges to the collection can be found in work which includes mining history as part of a wider account of regional geology, local history, industrial archaeology, transport or technological history etc. The central focus of attention in such material is no longer mining history but valuable material is often included which can be found

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nowhere else. Volumes like those of H.G. Dines and K.C. Dunham on the regional mining geology of South West England and the Northern Pennines, were never conceived or written specifically as exercises in mining history but they have become basic reference works for all historians working on those districts. Like the material on the iron industry, the big problem with this literature is knowing how far to go in including progressively more marginal references. Without carefully reading every potential inclusion – which was impossible in the time available for this project – the decisions were inevitably arbitrary and undoubtedly led to some mistakes. In the final analysis we will certainly have left out useful material that could have been included and put in some slight and barely relevant literature.

One solution to this problem would have been to leave out the marginal material altogether; to have kept strictly to the central brief of searching for a separate and identifiable subject of "metal mining history". To have done this, however, would have resulted in more damage than the simple loss of some important additional material. In recent years the subject has become increasingly introspective. From its early interdisciplinary origins, it has developed into a business largely concerned with writing the mine-by-mine history of every district of England, Wales and Scotland. There has certainly been a place for this and a great deal of invaluable material has been unearthed. There are still many other important mines and mining companies awaiting similar investigation. However, the time is at hand when the subject should begin to be put back into its broader context. Attempts must be made to show its inter-relationships with other aspects of local economy, society and culture; to investigate the routes and methods of transportation of ore from mines to smelters, to manufacturers and final market; to look at the general problems of the diffusion of new methods and machinery these and other issues to be pursued not only regionally but nationally and internationally. Everywhere the subject needs to be reset in its large regional and industrial context. Without the reinvigorating effects of introducing these "external stimuli", the subject is in danger of collapsing under its own inertia. It certainly will fail to achieve its full potential and will fall short of its goal of projecting to the widest possible audience.

Some indication of the changing health and vigour of mining history can be obtained from analysing the chronological profile of the publications included in this collection. This approach was suggested to us by David Bick, ever conscious of the buoyancy of the market for mining publications, and provides an interesting view of the growth and development

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of the subject. Graph 1 shows the number of articles published annually between 1946 and 1986. It is based on a three year moving average to help iron out random short-term fluctuations and uses a sample of just over 1,700 articles. In the 1940s and 1950s the level of publications was low, generally between 10 and 20 per year. Most appeared in the transactions of local history societies and the trades’ press. From the early 1960s, however, the subject began to grow rapidly, with the average annual number of articles published almost quadrupling during the decade. This growth was mainly based on the appearance of a new range of specialist journals, particularly those published by the Peak District Mines Historical Society and the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society. There was some fall off in the rate of publications in the early 1970s but they recovered to an all-time peak by 1978. This continued growth was based on a further expansion of the number of specialist journals as well as a sustained high level of activity in the traditional local history journals. However, from that year through to the early 1980s there was a sharp and continuous fall in activity. The decline was checked in 1981/2 but the annual number of publications seems to have levelled off on a new low plateau, roughly equal to that of the early 1960s.

What has been happening? None of the major specialist journals has ceased publication. Indeed, their number and activities have even expanded slightly. What seems to have occurred is that the subject has become very specialised. Little now appears in the local transactions, general industrial archaeology literature or even other subject journals. Metal mining history has clearly become a discipline in its own right but in doing so has cut its links with other related areas. There may have been a consequent loss of interest and active participation as those contacts have been severed. However, that is probably not the whole story. The standards of the published work have also risen; authors have to work harder and longer to reach the standards required by the better journals. In its early years, metal mining history was essentially an amateurs’ / antiquarians’ interest. Even the doyens of the subject A.K. Hamilton Jenkin, Nellie Kirkham, Arthur Raistrick and others either had no formal academic training or were working well outside of their main areas of expertise. This has changed significantly in the last twenty years, partly because of the entry of academic historians into the subject but, more importantly, because of the "professionalisation" of many of the non-academics. A number of the pioneers of the great expansion of activity in the 1960s have now published very extensively,

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improved their work by practice and achieved the highest academic credentials for their work. While this has undoubtedly improved the quality of the best that is published, in terms of the rigour of the research and the depth of analysis, it has at the same time made it more difficult for the inexperienced to make their first mark. Improving standards have made it more difficult to publish. Again this could lead to a loss of vitality and a decline of new initiatives in the subject. Professionalism is all very well but enthusiasm and energy are just as important.

Finally, brief mention must be made of the overall structure and balance of the material collected here. Firstly it covers a wide range of different approaches from casual, inexpert accounts of underground exploration, through to highly complex analyses of archival sources and extensive secondary literature. The exclusion of newsletters from our survey generally had the effect of concentrating attention on the more substantive material but the quality remains very variable. Secondly, as previously noticed, the material is heavily locally orientated but the degree of local interest and publication varies considerably between the regions. These variations show little correlation with the relative historical importance of the local industry or the extent and importance of its surviving remains. For example, over 40 per cent of the material listed here relates to Derbyshire and the South West. Although the latter region was certainly in the forefront of mining activity throughout recent history, Derbyshire’s best years were over by the end of the eighteenth century and it only again became a significant national producer for a few years in the twentieth century. Most of the vast amount of material that appears on Derbyshire mining relates to relatively small enterprises which had limited significance in the overall structure of the metal mining industry during the period with which they are primarily concerned. It is to the great credit of the Peak District Mines Historical Society that they have been able to engender and sustain that interest. By contrast, the very large and important lead mines of the northern Pennines have received scant attention from their local inhabitants. Much of the relatively small amount of material that has been published on the region comes from "outsiders", moving their interests northwards from the heartland of mining history in Yorkshire and Derbyshire. An even worse case of neglect can be found for the Flintshire / Denbighshire district of north east Wales. A leading lead/silver producing district of both the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, with important accessible remains, its history has been hardly touched by researchers in the last fifteen years. North west and mid-Wales fare better as does Shropshire / Cheshire / Staffordshire, which has received relatively good coverage.

The regional imbalance in the material is matched by a chronological and topical imbalance. Most published material is heavily orientated towards the nineteenth century with some shading back into the eighteenth century. There is very little on the seventeenth century and earlier and even less on the twentieth century. The scarcity of records and the difficulties for the untrained in reading and interpreting them provides some explanation for the poor attention paid to the earlier period but this is hardly relevant to the twentieth century. Metal mining certainly declined sharply in the late nineteenth century but it did not entirely disappear after the First World War. All districts have seen continuing activity of one sort or another and a now lengthy period awaits investigation. It would be appropriate to start looking at twentieth century metal mining before lurching into the twenty first century! The topical imbalance has already been mentioned in terms of the relatively small amount of material on iron mining. It might also be noticed that the heavy concentration on the mining of lead, copper and tin has banished consideration of the other important non-ferrous metals, such as zinc and manganese, to a twilight zone. Still less has been done on the production, sale and uses of the associated minerals, such as barytes, fluorspar and arsenic and virtually nothing on the rarer minerals wolfram, uranium, radium etc. Some of these ores played an important part in the overall economy of the mining of the major metals and they deserve greater attention.

It is important to stress that none of these irregularities results from any general lack of interest or energy. Even the most obscure subjects have supported some investigation. Rather it is that some areas are cast into shadow by the exceptionally high level of activity elsewhere. A great deal of work has been done on all aspects of metal mining history and sound foundations have been established for a comprehensive national view of this important industry. The literature listed in this collection represents a triumph for grass-roots enterprise and initiative and reflects great credit on the large number of clubs, societies and institutions who have fostered and published it. Hopefully the subject will continue to receive the same enthusiastic support and be assisted in its future growth and development by this guide to its past achievements.

Cardwell, D.S.L. Steam Power in the Eighteenth Century (Sheed & Ward, 1963)

Cocks, E.J. & Walters, B. A History of the Zinc Smelting Industry in Britain (Harrap, 1968)

Coste, P-L. & Perdonnet, A.A. Smelting of Lead Ores in Reverberatory Furnaces as Performed in Great Britain (First published in Annales des Mines Vol.III (1830). English translation published Eindhoven: De Archaeologische Pers, 1986)

Raistrick, Arthur Silver and Lead. The Story of a Quaker Mining Experiment (Friends Home Service Committee, 1948)

Raistrick, Arthur Quakers in Science and Industry: Being an Account of the Quaker Contributions to Science and Industry During the 17th and 18th Centuries (Bannisdale Press, 1950)

Raistrick, Arthur Quakers in Science and Industry: Being an Account of the Quaker Contributions to Science and Industry During the 17th and 18th Centuries (Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1968. Reprint of 1950 Edition.)

Atkinson, Michael Iron Ore Mining in Mainland Britain in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries and its Links with the Iron and Steel Industry, with Particular Reference to Cleveland, Cumbria and the South Western Counties of England (University of Exeter PhD Thesis, 1981)

Birch, A. The Development and Organisation of the British Iron Industry 1815-1867 (University of Manchester MPhil Thesis, 1951)

Birch, A. The Economic History of the British Iron and Steel Industry 1784-1897 (University of Manchester PhD Thesis, 1953)

Blake-Coleman, B.C. The Rise of Copper Wire, its Manufacture and Use to 1900: A Case of Industrial Circumspection (Open University MPhil Thesis, 1981)

Costello, Lynette M. Profits A Prendre to Mineral Rights: The Evolution of Remedies in English Law (University of Exeter MPhil Thesis, 1984)

Davey, P.C. Studies in the History of Mining and Metallurgy to the Middle of the Seventeenth Century, Considered in Relation to the Progress of Scientific Knowledge and with Some Reference to Mining in Cornwall (University of London PhD Thesis, 1954)

Fox, E.S. A Review of the Contribution Made to the Development of the Steam Engine by the Employees, Associates and Customers of Matthew Boulton and James Watt, 1769-1800 (University of Leicester MPhil Thesis, 1982)

Freeman, W.A.D. The Mints and Moneyers of Edward the Confessor (University of Reading PhD Thesis, 1983)

Gudgin, A. The Marketing of Lead (University of Wales MA Thesis, 1973)

Rowe, D.J. A History of the Lead Manufacturing Industry in Great Britain 1778-1980, with Special Reference to the Constituent Companies of Associated Lead Manufacturers Ltd. (University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne PhD Thesis, 1982)

Taylor, J.J. Prehistoric Gold-Working in the British Isles and its Relationship with Contemporary Gold-Working in Western Europe (University of Cambridge PhD Thesis, 1970/1)

Barker, J.Lawrence "To the Poor Miner and to every Nobleman, Gentleman and Tradesman in the Country who feels interested in the Miner’s Fate" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, (December 1967), pp.17-24

Batchelor, L.B. "The Development of Statutory Duties in Relation to the Mining Industry in the United Kingdom" Camborne School of Mines Journal, (1973), pp.57-59

Gill, Michael C. "An Assessment of the Lead Smelting Processes and the Use of XRF for the Analysis of the Resulting Slags" Journal of the Historical Metallurgy Society, Vol.20 No.2 (1986)

Glanvill, J. "On Lead Smelting in England in the 17th Century" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, (August 1965), p.26

Grice, P.W. "The United Kingdom and Australia: A History of Co-operation in Trade and Investment in the Mining Industry" in Newbold, D.M.(Ed), Jobson’s Mining Yearbook 1984-1985 (Dun & Bradstreet, 1984), pp.92-93; 96-97

Guthrie, Robert G. "Lead Value in 1536 and 1537" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, (August 1965), pp.24-25

Harley, J.B. "Maps for the Local Historian: A Guide to British Sources. No.6 County Maps" The Amateur Historian, Vol.8 No.5 (1968), pp.167-179

Harris, John R. "Copper and Shipping in the Eighteenth Century"

Economic History Review, Second Series Vol.XIX No.3 (1966), pp.550-568

Harvey, Charles E. & Press, Jonathan P. "Origins and Early History of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy" Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, Vol.95 (October 1986), pp.A171-A175

Harvey, William S. "The Rules of the Leadhills Mining Company" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, Vol.2 No.2 (May 1972), pp.60-66

Harvey, William S. "Weights and Measures Used at the Mines of Leadhills and Wanlockhead in the late Eighteenth Century" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, Vol.2 No.3 (September 1973), pp.139-144

Temple, A.K. "The Leadhills-Wanlockhead Lead and Zinc Deposits" Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Vol.LXIII Pt.1 (1955-56), pp.85-113

Waite, Peter See Burt, Roger, Waite, Peter & Atkinson, Michael

Williams, James "The Minerals of South West Scotland" Bulletin of the Historical Metallurgy Group, Vol.10 No.1 (1976), pp.36-40

Williams, James "Eighteenth Century Property Lists from Wanlockhead Testaments" Transactions of the Dumfries and Galloway Natural History and Archaeology Society, Vol.LIV (1979), pp.132-146

Williams, James The Day Book (1742-50) of William Hendry, a Wanlockhead and Leadhills Merchant" Transactions of the Dumfries and Galloway Natural History and Archaeology Society, Vol.LIV (1979), pp.167-172

Dent-Young, D.M. "Barytes Production in the U.K.: With Particular Reference to Cow Green Mine, Co. Durham" Camborne School of Mines Journal, (1951), pp.27-37

Drury, J.L. "Note on Weardale Lead Mining in the Eighteenth Century" Bulletin of the Durham City Local History Society, No.19 (1976), pp.53-55

Drury, J.L. "Lead Works in Weardale, County Durham 1425-1431" Durham County Local History Society, Bulletin No.38 (May 1987), pp.3-10

Dunham, Kingsley C. "The Production of Galena and Associated Minerals in the Northern Pennines: With Comparative Statistics for Great Britain" Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, Vol.LIII (1944)

N.C.M.R.S. Records "Epitome of Evidence, North of England Lead Mines. Merryfield Mines" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, No.2 (August 1964), pp.6-8

N.C.M.R.S. Records "General Report on the Lead Mines in the Coalcleugh District, Northumberland, for the Month Ending August 31st, 1860" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, (August 1965), pp.21-22

Dewey, H. & Eastwood, T. Special Reports on the Mineral Resources of G.B. Vol.30: Copper Ores of the Midlands, Wales, the Lake District and the Isle of Man (Sheffield: Mining Facsimiles, 1986. Reprint of the Geological Survey 1925 Edition)

Eastwood, T. Special Reports on the Mineral Resources of G.B. Vol.22: Lead and Zinc Ores of the Lake District (Sheffield: Mining Facsimiles, 1986. Reprint of Geological Survey 1921 Edition.)

Eastwood, T. See Dewey, H. & Eastwood, T.

Fell, Alfred The Early Iron Industry of Furness and District (Frank Cass, 1968. Reprint of 1908 Edition.)

Young, B. & Millward, D. Catalogue of Mining Information (other than coal, fireclay and slate) for the Lake District and South Cumbria held by the Northern England Office of the British Geological Survey (British Geological Survey, Lake District Regional Survey, 1984)

Marshall, John D. "Some Aspects of the Social History of Nineteenth Century Cumbria: (I) Migration and Literacy" Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society, Vol.LXIX (1969), pp.280-307

Marshall, John D. "Some Aspects of the Social History of Nineteenth Century Cumbria: (II) Crime, Police, Morals and the Countryman" Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society, Vol.LXX (1970), pp.221-246

Clough, Robert T. The Lead Smelting Mills of the Yorkshire Dales and Northern Pennines: Their Architectural Character, Construction and Place in the European Tradition (Keighley: Robert T. Clough, 1980. Reprinted with Additional Material.)

Cooper, E. Men of Swaledale: An Account of Yorkshire Farmers and Miners (Clapham, Dalesman, 1960)

Barker, J.Lawrence "Letter from John Renshaw to Philip Lord Wharton. Lord of the Muker and Healaugh Manors, 10th July 1685" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, (December 1967), pp.24-25

Barker, J.Lawrence "Document Relating to a Dispute over Ownership of Grinton Manor" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, (December 1967), pp.26-30

Clough, Robert T. "The Lead Smelting Mills of Yorkshire, with Special Reference to their Construction and Architectural Features. Preliminary Survey and Details, Merryfield Mill, Nidderdale" Cave Science, Vol.1 No.1 (1947), p.24

Davis, R.V. & Dickinson, John Michael "The Effects of Lead Mining on the Population of Villages in the Wharfedale Mining Field 1853-1880" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, No.1 (1964), pp.8-9

Dickinson, John Michael "The Appletreewick Lead Mining Company 1870-1872: Part 1 Mining and Miners" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, No.1 (April 1964), pp.1-5

Dickinson, John Michael "The Appletreewick Lead Mining Company 1870-1872: Part 2 Engines, Dressing and Smelting of Ore" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, No.2 (August 1964), pp.1-7

Dickinson, John Michael "The Appletreewick Lead Mining Company 1870-1872: Part 3 Sundry Works, Mine Management, Stores" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, No.3 (November 1964), pp.1-4

Lawson, John "Statistics of the Mineral Production of the Pennines: Part 1 The Central Pennine Orefield" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, Vol.2 No.1 (April 1971), pp.1-18

Lawson, John "Mines and Mine Owners in the Central Pennines: Part 1 Swaledale and Wensleydale" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, Vol.2 No.3 (September 1973), pp.151-160

Lawson, John "Mines and Mine Owners in the Central Pennines: Part 2 Wharfedale and Nidderdale, with Airedale" Memoirs of the Northern Cavern and Mine Research Society, Vol.2 No.4 (June 1974), pp.193-202

Lawson, John "Index to the Mining Records in the Bagshaw Collection in the John Rylands Library, Manchester. Part I: Documents 8/3/-90" Bulletin of the Peak District Mines Historical Society, Vol.3 No.5 (May 1968), pp.305-312

Lawson, John "Index to the Mining Records in the Bagshaw Collection in the John Rylands Library, Manchester. Part 2: Documents 12/1/59-61" Bulletin of the Peak District Mines Historical Society, Vol.3 No.6 (October 1968), pp.353-356

Lawson, John "Index to the Mining Records in the Bagshawe Collection in the John Rylands Library, Manchester." Bulletin of the Peak District Mines Historical Society, Vol.4 No.1 (March 1969), pp.41-48

Nash, Douglas A. "The Liberties of Grindlow and Foolow Report on the P.D.M.H.S. Excursion of August 7th., 1977" Bulletin of the Peak District Mines Historical Society, Vol6. No.6 (December 1977), pp.280-291

Oakman, Colin D. "Derbyshire Sough Hydrogeology and the Artificial Drainage of the Stanton Syncline, near Derbyshire" Transactions of the British Cave Research Association, Vol.6 No.4 (December 1979), pp.169-194

O'Neal, R.A.H. "T'Owd Mon. A Study of the Old Lead Miner, based on the Literary Evidence" The Derbyshire Countryside, Vol.22 No.4 (1957), pp.18-21

Ottery, F.S. "Lead Mining in the Wirksworth District During the Late Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries" Bulletin of the Peak District Mines Historical Society, Vol.4 No.2 (November 1969), pp.137-144

Dewey, H. & Eastwood, T. Special Reports on the Mineral Resources of G.B. Vol.30: Copper Ores of the Midlands, Wales, the Lake District and the Isle of Man (Sheffield: Mining Facsimiles, 1986. Reprint of the Geological Survey 1925 Edition)

Smith, B. & Dewey, H. Special Reports on the Mineral Resources of G.B. Vol.23. Lead and Zinc Ores in the Pre-Carboniferous Rocks of West Shropshire and North Wales (Sheffield: Mining Facsimiles, 1986. Reprint of Geological Survey 1922 Edition.)

Theses

Brown, I.J. Mineral Working and Land Reclamation in the Coalbrookdale Coalfield (University of Leicester PhD Thesis, 1975)

Le Guillou, M. Developments in the South Staffordshire Iron and Steel Industry 1850-1913, in the Light of Home and Foreign Competition (University of Keele PhD Thesis, 1972-3)

Newman, O.S. Lead Mining in South West Shropshire 1780-1900 (University of Keele MA Thesis, 1983)

Dines, H.G. "The West Shropshire Mining Region" Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Great Britain, No.14 (1958), pp.1-43

Efford, W. "Description of Famous Copper-Mine Belonging to His Grace the Duke of Devonshire at Ecton-Hill in the County of Stafford" Bulletin of the Peak District Mines Historical Society, Vol.1 No.5 (October 1961), pp.37-40

Hazeley, J. See Adams, D.R. & Hazeley, J.

Heathcote, J.A. "A Survey of the Metal Mines of South West Shropshire"

Barton, Denys B. A History of Copper Mining in Cornwall and Devon (Truro: Truro Bookshop, 1961)

Barton, Denys B. A Guide to the Mines of West Cornwall (Truro: Bradford Barton, 1963)

Barton, Denys B. A Historical Survey of the Mines and Mineral Railways of East Cornwall and West Devon (Truro: Bradford Barton, 1964)

Barton, Denys B. The Cornish Beam Engine: A Survey of its History and Development in the Mines of Cornwall and Devon from before 1800 to the Present Day, with Something of its use Elsewhere in Britain and Abroad (Truro: Bradford Barton, 1965)

Barton, Denys B. A Guide to the Mines of West Cornwall (Truro: Bradford Barton, 1965. Second Edition)

Barton, Denys B. The Cornish Beam Engine: A Survey of its History and Development in the Mines of Cornwall and Devon fron before 1800 to the Present Day, with Something of its use Elsewhere in Britain and Abroad (Truro: Bradford Barton, 1966. Second Edition)

Barton, Denys B. The Redruth and Chasewater Railway 1824-1915: A History of the Cornish Mineral Railway and Port which Served the Great Gwennap Copper Mines (Truro: Bradford Barton, 1966. Revised Edition.)

Barton, Denys B. A Historical Survey of the Mines and Mineral Railways of East Cornwall and West Devon (Truro: Bradford Barton, 1971. Reprint of 1964 Edition.)

Barton, Denys B. A History of Copper Mining in Cornwall and Devon (Truro: Bradford Barton, 1978. Third Edition)

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