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detection and recovery, and ordering during its developmental and
operational states. Table 21.1 summarizes some of the properties of
objects within DBTF systems. Process Where software engineering fails
is in its inability to grasp that not only the righ

software brain must be carefully architected to promote productivity,
foster quality, and enforce control and reusability. Traditional software
engineering paradigms fail to see the software development process
from the larger perspective of the superorga

composition, applicative operators, always gets the right answer at the
right time and in integration, abstraction the right place Portable
satisfies users and developers intent secure Handles the
unpredictable diverse and changing layered developments

evaluations Dollars wasted, error prone systems Better, faster, cheaper
systems Not cost-effective 10 to 1, 20 to 1, 50 to 1dollars saved
Difficult to meet schedules Minimum time to complete Less of what you
need and more of what you dont need No more, no

that many of the old tools are no longer needed to design and develop
a system. For example, with one formal semantic language to define
and integrate all aspects of a system, diverse modeling languages (and
methodologies for using them), each of which de

then be made. The more we know about how some kinds of reusables
are used, the more information we have to estimate costs for an overall
system. Keep in mind also that the traditional methods for estimating
time and costs for developing software are no lo

specifications, design, and detailed design for functional, resource, and
resource allocation architectures throughout all levels and layers of
seamless definition, including hardware, software, and peopleware.
This language based on DBTF can be used to d

from requirements to code and back again. Given an automation that
has these capabilities, it should be of no surprise that an automation of
DBTF has been defined with itself and that it continues to automatically
generate itself as it evolves with TABLE

such things as quality and productivity. Software Architecture: The
structure and relationships among the components of software. Further
Information Hamilton, M. and Hackler, W. R., Object Thinking:
Development Before the Fact, In Press. Hamilton, M. and

new products. Some problems can be solved, because of the language,
that could not be solved before. Software development as we know it
will never be the same. Many things will no longer need to existthey,
in fact, will be rendered extinct, just as that p

goal is to prevent, to the greatest extent and as early as possible,
anything that could go wrong in the life cycle process. With a
preventative philosophy, systems would be carefully constructed to
minimize development problems from the very outset. A sy

unpredictable Affordable throughout development and operation
Without affecting unintended areas Reliable (better) Error detect and
recover from the unexpected In control and under control Interface
with, change and reconfigure in asynchronous, Based on

methods, it is not known if a design is a good one until its
implementation has failed or succeeded. Usually, a system design is
based on short-term considerations because knowledge is not reused
from previous lessons learned. Development, ultimately, is

configured for a new language and architecture. Because of its open
architecture, the generator can be configured to reside on any new
architecture (or interface to any outside environment), e.g., to a
language, communications package, an Internet interfa

Mechatronics: An Introduction magnificent structures from these tinker
toys. Indeed, tinker toys are built from blocks that are architected to be
perpetually reusable, perfectly integratable, and infinitely user-friendly.
One approach that follows this pr

prevented before the fact just by the way a system is defined. Such an
approach would concentrate on preventing problems of development
from even happening rather than letting them happen after the fact,
and fixing them after they have surfaced at the mos

It becomes operational after testing. Application changes are always
made to the requirements/specification definitionnot to the code
(the developer does not even need to change the code). Target
architecture changes are made to the configuration of the g

Automation that which automates its development Common
definitions natural modularity Understandable, integratable and
maintainable -natural separation (e.g., functional architecture Reliable
from its resource architectures); A measurable history -dumb mo

techniques that support business as usual, but provide relief in selected
areas; (3) bring in more modern but traditional tools and techniques to
replace existing ones; (4) use a new paradigm with the most advanced
tools and techniques that formalizes the

transition from legacy Smooth transition from legacy Maintenance
performed at code level Maintenance performed at spec level Reuse
not inherent Inherent reuse Reuse is adhoc Every object a candidate for
reuse Customization and reuse are mutually exclusive

definitions must be promoted, especially those that are inherently
provided. Conventional requirements definitions lack the facilities to
help find, create, use, and ensure commonality in systems. Modelers
are forced to use informal and manual methods to

consistent and logically complete models, test and execution, and
simulation. The first step in building a DBTF system is to define a model
with the language. This process could be in any phase of the
developmental life cycle, including problem analysis,

foundations. 21.4 Experience with DBTF That preventative development
is a superior alternative has been proven rather dramatically in several
experiments. DBTF has been through many evaluations and
competitions conducted and sponsored by leading academic

language, and a process (or methodology) based on a formal theory.
Language Once understood, the characteristics of good design can be
reused by incorporating them into a language for defining any system
(i.e., not just a software system). One language ba

process whereby the senior leaders of an organization can envision its future and
begin to develop the necessary procedures and operations to achieve that future
through goals, strategies, and objectives. The pre-planning activities are typically
conducte

further analysis, it was discovered that the larger and more complex the
system, the greater the productivitythe opposite of what one finds
with traditional systems development. This is, in part, because of the
high degree of DBTFs support of reuse. The l

are systems oriented. All systems are objects and all objects are
systems. Because of this, many things heretofore not believed possible
with traditional methods are possible. A DBTF system inherently
integrates all of its own objects (and all aspects, re

that a relational architecture-based DBMS provides for its users,
including data definition, data retrieval, data manipulation, access
control, data sharing, and data integrity. Formal: A system defined in
terms of a known set of axioms (or assumptions);