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16 February 2013

german Houses: The Princely House of Schaumburg-Lippe

The Princely House of Schaumburg-Lippe

House of Lippe

All present members of the Princely Family bear the Title Prince/Princess zu Schamburg.Lippe and if in accordane with the House Laws the style of Hochfürstliche Durchlaucht (High Princely Serene Highness) (HSH).

Ancestor of the Family is Philipp, Count and Edler Lord zur Lippe, 5. and youngest son of Count Simon Vi. zur Lippe and his wife Elisabeth, née Countess of Holstein-Schaumburg. Schaumburg-Lippe was formed in 1647 by the divisionof the county ofSchaumburgbetween theHouse of Brunswick-Lüneburg, the Landgraveof Hesse-Kasselandthe Countof Lippe. On 15. November 1640 died with the young and still childless Count OttoV. of Holstein-Schaumburgthe last male representativeof his Family. Hisinheritance was dividedin the following years. Various agreements, the divisionwasestablishedin 1647 andinOctober 1648confirmed in theTreaty of Westphalia. As aresult of this division, there was oneCounty of Schaumburg (hessian share) which was joined in a Personal-Union with withHesse-Kassel from 1647 and the County ofSchaumburg (Lippeshare) in which a collateral line of the Countly House of Lippe ruled. This partwaslatercommonly referred to asSchaumburg-Lippe.

The existence of thesmall territorywas difficultfrom the start.Firstmajor facilitiesweretogether with theHessianpartof the countySchaumburg, inhabited, as(short-term) the estates, especiallythelucrativemining(Samtbergbau) ofBückeberge. Moreover, since theLandgraves of Hesse-Kassel stillremainedlordsofthe Bückeburger, territorial independencewas alwaysat risk.As a resultof theserisksCount Wilhelm (reigned1748-1777) developed itsspecific form ofnational defensewithan admittedlysmallin absolute terms, standingfor the countrybuta largearmyof up to1,000 menHe alsobuilt theWilliamStone(Wilhelmstein) and the WilliamSteinerfield (Wilhelmsteiner Feld). Earlier,his grandfather, Count Friedrich Christianhad questioned the existence of the County because of an unconventionalpolicy.

After the death of Count Wilhelm the junior line Schaumburg-Lippe-Alverdissen inherited the County and therefore the Schaumburg-Lippe was reunited with Lippe-Alverdissen. The new Count Philipp Ernst inherited not only an Army but also many debts who put him in a deepinternal crisis. After his death in 1787 Hesse-Kassel raiesed inheritance rightsand occupiedthe countryin 1787 in theBückeburgerdispute, but was forced to retreatbyHanoverianandPrussianintervention. Afterwards a guardian was appointed for the young Hereditary Count Georg who excercised the regency together wth Georg's mother Countess Juliane, née Princess of Hesse-Philippsthal. After CountGeorg Wilhelm(1784-1860) took over the reign in 1707 he became Fürst on 18April 1807 after joining theConfederation of the Rhine. In 1815the Principality joined the German Confederation. Fürst GeorgWilhelm, whoinitiallysupportedthe domestic reforms(introduction of a modern estate tax1812,estateswith apeasant representation1815)hadhad tofind out in theCongress of Viennathat the countrycould not expect anextension of territoryand therfore there was a mediatizationwas to expect.Therefore,inthe following years severallarge estateswere boughtin Southeast Europe, toestablish a permanent basis that would ensurethe Family. Among others he bought in 1842 the domination Nachod which was in 1856 given as entaile estate (Fideikomiss) to hiy younger son Wilhelm. In 1816 Fürst Georg Wilhelmissueda firstfeudalconstitution and in 1854 the Principality joined the he Prussiancustoms territory. In 1848 he built the Wihelmstein near Wölpinghausen. Fürst Georg Wilhelm was married to Princess zu Waldeck and Pyrmont. From the marriage there where 9 children. After his death in 1860 he was succeeded by his oldest son who became Fürst Adolf I.

Under the Regency of Fürst Aolf I. the Pricnipalty became in 1871 one of the federal states of the German Empire. Fürst Adolf I. was married to his first cousin Princess Hermine zu Waldeck and Pyrmont. Together they had 8 children.

Hermine, married to Duke Maximilian of Württemberg

Georg, who succeeded his father as Fürst

Hermann

Ida, married to Fürst Heinrich XXII. Reuß zu Greiz

Otto Heinrich, he married Anna von Köppen, who was created Countess of Hagenburg. There are descendants of the marriage who bear the tlte Count/Countess of Hagenburg.

Adolf, married to Princess Viktoria of Prussia one of the daughters of Friedrich III., German Emperor and King of Prussia

Fürst Adolf I.died in 1893 and was succeded by his oldest son Georg. From 1895-1905 Fürst Georg triedto assert hishereditary claimsto the Principality ofLippein averyhistorically significantdispute of succession, but he did not succeed. From 1906 to 1909 the poetHermann Lonslived inSchaumburg-Lippe and summed up hisnegative experiences with thelocalparticularisminthesharp satire"duodecimo" atußischencustoms territory. Fürst Georg was married to Princess Maria Anna of Saxe-Altenburg. The couple had 9 children.

Adolf II., who succeeded his father as Fürst

Moritz

Wolrad, who succeeded his childless brother Adolf as Fürst

Stephan, married to Duchess Inegborg Alix of Oldenburg. Their daughter Marie-Alix married Duke Peter of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg

Heinrich, married to Countess Maria-Erike of Hardenberg. They had one daughter Dagmar

Friedrich Christian, first he married Countess Alexandra zu Castell-Rüdenhausen. after her death he married Princess Marie-Luise zu Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and in 1969 he married Hélène Mayr. From his firt marriage he had 2 children a daughter Princess Christine and a son, Prince Albrecht-Wolfgang who is married and has decendants.

In 1911 Fürst Georg died and his oldest son succeeded him as Fürst Adolf Ii. In the few years of his reign several building proejcts where realized. The construction of themassivemausoleumBückeburgshould bethebeginning of the buildingof a large museumand artsite inBückeburg and Bad Eilsen. Executed where Princelycraftschool, whichlater becamethePrinceAdolfWorkshop forCeramic Art, and the Princely Music school inBückeburg, laterArmy MusicSchool. Her most famousschoolboy wasJames Last. Further plansthwarted by the FirstWorld War. Thehealth resort of BadEilsennearBückeburgbenefitsuntil today fromthe construction program, whichbeganin theFirst World War. All greatstill existingandoccupied buildingswerecompleted bythe early 1920sandestablished the reputation of BadEilsens as bad of Princes and Kingsinthe famousGolden Twenties. On 15.November 1918 Fürst Adolf II. abdicated. He married in 1920 the actress Ellen Bischoff-Korthaus, a divorced Princess zu Bentheim and Steinfurt. The marriage was a morganatic marriage but i remained childess. On 26.03.1936 Fürt Adolf Ii. and ghis wife where killed in an plane crahs in Zumpango, Mexico. Successor of Fürst Adolf II. as Head of the Princely House was his younger brother Wolrad. Prince Wolrad asked in November 1936 the them prussian Prime Minister Hermann Goebbels to change his name to Fürst which was against the Weimarer constituin from 1919. Goerrgin referred him to the Wilhelm Frich, the prussian and Reichs Minister of the interior. On 1September 1936 Fürst Wolrad submitted abackdatedapplicationfor inclusion inthe NSDAP, who wasendorsedbyRudolf Hess onthe 7thDecember: The admission to theNSDAPwasbackdatedto 1928 In 1937 Fürst Wolradheldthe post ofleader of theSAstorm(Reiterstandarte theSA65-Detmold). From 1940,he securedthe General gouvernemt inCracow and Lembergwiththe365thDivisionreplenishmentleaderOn 14April 1942 hebecame commander of thesupplyrodzbV(special use) 365 Thissupply headquartersremainedthesenior field commander(OFK) assumedthe 365thOn 1August 1941, theOFK365wasmovedfrom Krakow to Lemertg. It actedtherein an areathat was notoperational areaof the Army. In the denazificationprocess he was represented byBruno Penny, General Counsel MainTrusteeship Office East(HTO) which had been founded by Hermann Goerging. A passing place pf theHTOhad been transferred to Bückeburg in early.Taskof the HTOwas toseizeparticularJewish and Polishlandin the General Government. In 1949 Fürst Wolradwas rankedinthecategory IV. which means that he hassupportedNazism. Already before the Second World War his major source of income was the mildly radioactivesulfurand mudEilsenclose to Bückeburgwhereespeciallygout, rheumatism andmetabolic disordersfoundhealing which was in his posession. It was mostly attended by the german aristocraty.In 1945 itwas seized asGermanheadquarters of theRoyal Air Force. Itwas evacuatedby the Britishin 1955,Eilsensubsequently fell backinto possession of the Family and in 1957 it was sold with all thebathingfacilities, the big hotelsin theresort areaand the spaatthe regional insurance agenciesBerlin and Hannover. Fürt Wolrad was married to his distant cousin Princess Bathilds zu Schaumburg-Lippe. Together the had 4 children

Georg Wilhelm, who fell in 1945

Philipp-Ernst, who succeeded his father as Head of the Princely House

Konstantin, who was first married to Sigrid Knape and in second marriage to Petra Maas. From his first marriage he has 2 children, York and Tatiana and from his second marriage a son, Oliver

Viktoria Luise, married first to Count Karl-Georg of Stackelberg, and after his death in second marriage to Jürgen von Goerne.

Fürst Wolrad died in 1962 and his second born son Philipp-Ernst became the new Head of the Family. Until 1993 Fürst Philipp-Ernst was the Head of the Princely Court Chamber (Hofkammer) in which the private wealth of the Princely Family is managed, among other Bückeburg Castle. Fürst Philipp-Ernst was married to Baroness Benita of Tiele-Winckler. There where 2 sons from this marriage. Hereditary Prince Georg-Wilhelm who died in 1983 in an motorcycle accident, and the present Fürst Alexander. Fürst Philipp-Ernst died in 2003 after a longer illness.
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TSH Fürst Alexander and 'Fürstin Nadja Anna

The new Fürst Alexander had already been since 1993 the General Manager of the Princely Court Chamber. In the same year he married Prince Marie-Louise (Lily) zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg but the marriage was not successfull and was divorced in 2002. In 2007 Fürst Alexander married second the lawyer from Munich Nadja Anna Zsoeks. As a patron, or in other capacitiesFürst Alexander operates forseveral GermanandGerman-Israelinon-profit organizations.He is a memberof the FDP, for which heis engaged innewspaperarticles andpolitical campaigns.He was adeputy memberof the 14thFederal Assemblyon 30June 2010 [11] and a memberof the 15thFederal Assembly. Thushe participated in 18March 2012in the electionof the German President
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Fürst Alexander has 3 children

from his first marriage

Heinrich Donatus

HSH Hewreditary PrinceHeinrich DonatusPhoto and Copyright: Ulrike B.

and from his second marriage:

Felipa

Philomena

There is also a junior line of the Princely Family the so called Nachoid linedescending from Prince Wilhelm. In 1856 Fürst Georg Wilhelm gave the domination Nachod who also incldued the Castle Ratiboritz as entaile estate (Fideikomiss) to his youngest son Wilhelm. Prince Wilhelm was married to Princess Bathildis of Anhalt-Dessau. The couple had 9 children

Bathilids (1873-1962, married to Fürst Friedrich zu Waldeck and Pyrmont

Adelheid (1875-1971), married to Duke Ernst II. of Saxe-Atleberg, The marriage was later divorced

Alexandra (1879-1949)

Prince Wilhelm oldest Friedrich son was thje last owner of the domination Nachod. As a german citizen he had to leave Nachod after the Second World War on 12. May 1945. He then went to Sackisch in Austria who he died in 1945.

Prince Friedrich was first married to Prince Louise of Denmark, a daughter of the later King Frederik VIII. who died in 1906 at meningitis. Three years later he married Princess Antoinette of Anhalt.children from his first marriage.

Princess Marie Luise married to Princess Sigismund of Prussia

Prince Christian, married to Princess Feodora of Denmark

Prince Wilhelm,
married to Ilona Hentschel von Gilgenheim, they have 2 children, Prince
Christian married to Lena Giese and Princess Desiree who is married to
Michael Iuel, from danish nobility.

Prince Waldemar, he
was first married to Anne-Lise Johansen, a danish court photograper.
Afterwards he had to shortliving marriages and in 2008 he married
Gertraud Antonia Wagner-Schöppl a former austiran politican. he adopted
her son Mario-Max from a previous marriage. Since 2008 he calls himsel
Fürst zu Schaumburg-Lippe-Nachod