Windows 8 Server: Hands-On First Impressions

Microsoft talks up every release of Windows Server as the best ever. But based on our first experience with Windows 8 Server, some key changes deserve your attention.

Windows 8
Beta: Visual Tour

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Windows Server 8 debuted in beta form earlier this month, so it's time to start paying attention to what you can expect to see when Windows Server 8 goes gold. We can't think of any release of Windows Server that Microsoft hasn't claimed is the most significant release ever. But to be fair, Windows 8 does promise to include some cool enhancements and new features that might make deployment worthwhile in the shorter term.

Of the hundreds of new features that Microsoft is packing into Windows 8 Server, only a few are truly impactful in our opinion. Here's a Cliff Notes version of the high-impact features that I think could actually make a difference in your environment in late 2012 and beyond.

1. Finally, an improved DHCP server

A downed DHCP server can create mass hysteria and send employees running to IT with baseball bats in hand (it's happened to me). Microsoft's historical unwillingness to provide High Availability for DHCP has been a royal pain in the butt for many IT admins, and it's been a boon to the third-party vendors (Infoblox, for example) who have stepped in to fill the void. While Microsoft is understandably sensitive about stepping on the toes of partners and innovators, the Windows team finally started to extend DHCP in Server 2008 R2 by making it a cluster-aware application in the eyes of Windows Failover Clustering services. However, Windows 8 Server sports a much more robust DHCP Server, and implementation looks simple.

Here's how DHCP in Win8 Server is different: You can configure two servers running the DHCP Server Role to work in an Active/Active (load balanced) or in an Active/Standby pair. Setting up DHCP clustering is really easy. You simply right-click the IP scope that you want to provide HA for, select Configure Failover, and follow a quick, wizard-driven set of prompts to complete the cluster.

One negative in Server 8 Beta is that you can only cluster a scope across two DHCP servers. But Microsoft's emphasis on this limitation in the beta versions implies that it may not be a limitation when it goes gold; for many environments, a simple 2-node DHCP cluster may suffice anyway. Another disappointment is that one of the DHCP servers in the cluster must be a Domain Controller. No room for a deep dive on DHCP here, but keep an eye out for our future coverage with detailed hands-on testing.

When Microsoft first released Exchange 2007, Exchange admins everywhere nearly rioted in the streets when they discovered that the only way to manage public folder client permissions was through PowerShell. The ensuing battle between scripting wonks and pragmatic sysadmins unfolded quickly. On the one hand, Windows Server is supposed to be easy to manage, so why try to turn Windows into Linux by forcing people to use PowerShell? On the other hand, we can't expect Microsoft to develop a UI to account for each and every big business system management use case in existence.

The conventional wisdom is that if you're not a scripting wonk, and if you don't need to automate the creation of 1000 accounts a day, then you really don't need to learn or use PowerShell. Thankfully, Microsoft is finally starting to find a well-balanced middle ground. It's eliminating the requirement to use PowerShell where it can, and in Windows 8 server, it's providing a first-generation Microsoft-supplied ISE to manage PowerShell.

One of the biggest issues that point-and-click administrators have with PowerShell is navigating the vast database of Commandlets available along with their parameters. The new PowerShell ISE is really cool because it auto-completes Commandlet names, and it also provides a bubble that depicts how to structure the parameters that the Commandlet requires. The PowerShell ISE supports scripting tabs and color-coding of syntax, so in some ways writing PowerShell scripts now feels like working in Visual Studio. The only thing that bugs us here is that there's no detailed Commandlet description built into the ISE, so you have to fish for what the Commandlet actually does outside of the ISE. In addition to the ISE, there are many new Commandlets available (like a DHCP Server module, for example) that should help nuts-and-bolts administrators do their job more efficiently in Win8.

3. Hyper-V is no longer crippled

Catching up to VMWare in the hypervisor market isn't exactly child's play from an engineering perspective, so let's not bash Microsoft for trailing the pack here for the last few years. There's a perception that Hyper-V is still an inferior hypervisor, and in some respects it still is--but that gap is narrowing.

--You can now trunk multiple VLANs across a Hyper-V virtual switch attached to a single physical NIC.

--Live migration of a virtual machine in previous incarnations of Hyper-V could only be done in a shared storage scenario. Now you can perform live migrations to any Hyper-V host. Perhaps more importantly, you can now live-migrate multiple VM's on a single instance of Hyper-V (the same host) simultaneously.

--Hyper-V hosts will now support up to 160 logical CPUs and 2TB of RAM, and VMs can now be configured to support up to 32 virtual CPUs and 1TB of memory. (And Microsoft is not relating pricing to memory, as VMware has done.)

--The new Hyper-V Replica feature asynchronously replicates VM's to a host offsite (or elsewhere) to provide HA in the case of a sudden and abrupt loss of the primary Hyper-V host. Note that cutting over to a replica requires manual intervention, unless otherwise automated by a script or third-party tool.

In a purely technical head-to-head competition, vSphere still wins, but the improvements listed above put Hyper-V only a few steps behind. Ironically, Hyper-V's future success isn't primarily tied to its capabilities at all, but rather to whether there is remaining ill will among VMWare customers related to vRAM licensing changes earlier this year. In Windows Server 8, Hyper-V is now actually a viable (and free) alternative to vSphere for IT shops that are completely married to Windows Server.

Thanks for the nice article, Randy!Just wanted to point out that DHCP Failover has no dependency on one of the DHCP servers being a domain controller. In fact, DHCP Failover can be configured with workgroup DHCP servers also with no loss of functionality compared to a domain joined deployment.

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