Critical psychology challenges mainstream psychology and attempts to apply psychological understandings in more progressive ways, often looking towards social change as a means of preventing and treating psychopathology. One of critical psychology's main criticisms of conventional psychology is that it fails to consider or deliberately ignores the way power differences between social classes and groups can impact the mental and physical well-being of individuals or groups of people.
Professing: Dennis Fox's Home Page. Moralfoundations.org. RadPsyNet: The Radical Psychology Network. Morality Quiz/Test your Morals, Values & Ethics - Your Morals.Org.

Dunning–Kruger effect. The Dunning–Kruger effect is a cognitive bias in which low-ability individuals suffer from illusory superiority, mistakenly assessing their ability as much higher than it really is.

Psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger attributed this bias to a metacognitive incapacity, on the part of those with low ability, to recognize their ineptitude and evaluate their competence accurately. Their research also suggests corollaries: high-ability individuals may underestimate their relative competence and may erroneously assume that tasks which are easy for them are also easy for others.[1]

According to Durkheim, a community or society may at times come together and simultaneously communicate the same thought and participate in the same action.
Study: Hypocrisy the golden rule in negotiations. Folks with bargaining power behave selfishly, but believe themselves fair, an economics experiment suggests.

In our era of bank bailouts, wage inequality and mass lay-offs, plenty of folks have suggested that there is a difference between the classic Golden Rule, "Do unto 0thers as you would have them do unto you," and its less savory alternative, "He who has the gold, makes the rules.
" But how exactly do people with more bargaining power justify their actions to themselves? In an experment released this month by France's GATE Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Économique Lyon‐St Étienne, economists Aldo Rustichini of the University of Minnesota and Marie Claire Villeval of the University of Lyon, ask how folks reconcile the two golden rules in their lives.

"How do people form their ideas of fairness, and how do they reconcile their stated norms of fairness and the temptation of more selfish actions that may alter their perception as fair people," asks the study. Got that?
Inequity aversion. Inequity aversion (IA) is the preference for fairness and resistance to incidental inequalities.[1] The social sciences that study inequity aversion include sociology, economics, psychology, anthropology, and ethology.

Human studies[edit] IA research on humans mostly occurs in the discipline of economics though it is also studied in sociology. Research on IA began in 1978 when studies suggested that humans are sensitive to inequities in favor of as well as those against them, and that some people attempt overcompensation when they feel "guilty" or unhappy to have received an undeserved reward.[2] A more recent definition of IA (resistance to inequitable outcomes) was developed in 1999 by Fehr and Schmidt.[1] They postulated that people make decisions so as to minimize inequity in outcomes.
10 More Brilliant Social Psychology Studies. The Empathic Civilization. Empathie. Ode to Empathy. The discussion around empathy seems to be growing exponentially.

From the huge splash Brené Brown is making with her work on shame, vulnerability and empathy to Jeremy Rifkin’s vision of our moving towards an Empathic Civilization, empathy is becoming a 21st century buzzword. And rightfully so. With the emergence of a global civilization, we need to move beyond the “us and them” mentality that lends itself to so much conflict, violence, and self-destruction. An absolutely essential ingredient for this is empathy. Empathy is the act of putting yourself in someone else’s shoes, as the vernacular goes. Changing the Narrative of Human Nature. The Third Wave. Background to the Third Wave experiment[edit] The experiment took place at Cubberley High School in Palo Alto, California, during the first week of April 1967.[1] Jones, finding himself unable to explain to his students how the German population could have claimed ignorance of the extermination of the Jewish people, decided to demonstrate it to them instead.[3] Jones started a movement called "The Third Wave" and told his students that the movement aimed to eliminate democracy.[1] The idea that democracy emphasizes individuality was considered as a drawback of democracy, and Jones emphasized this main point of the movement in its motto: "Strength through discipline, strength through community, strength through action, strength through pride.

“I have been primarily interested in how and why ordinary people do unusual things, things that seem alien to their natures.Why do good people sometimes act evil?
Why do smart people sometimes do dumb or irrational things?” –Philip Zimbardo. Viral phenomenon. Viral phenomena are objects or patterns able to replicate themselves or convert other objects into copies of themselves when these objects are exposed to them.

They get their name from the way that viruses propagate. This has become a common way to describe how thoughts, information, and trends move into and through a human population. Memes are possibly the best-known example of informational viral patterns.
Category:Dilemmas. Study examines evolution of cooperative behaviour. Corporate psychopathy...
Stanford prison experiment. The Stanford prison experiment (SPE) was a study of the psychological effects of becoming a prisoner or prison guard.

The Stanford Prison Experiment: A Simulation Study of the Psychology of Imprisonment. Milgram experiment. The experimenter (E) orders the teacher (T), the subject of the experiment, to give what the latter believes are painful electric shocks to a learner (L), who is actually an actor and confederate. The subject believes that for each wrong answer, the learner was receiving actual electric shocks, though in reality there were no such punishments. Being separated from the subject, the confederate set up a tape recorder integrated with the electro-shock generator, which played pre-recorded sounds for each shock level.[1] The experiments began in July 1961, three months after the start of the trial of German Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann in Jerusalem.

Milgram devised his psychological study to answer the popular question at that particular time: "Could it be that Eichmann and his million accomplices in the Holocaust were just following orders? Could we call them all accomplices?
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Group behaviour. Group behaviour (or group behavior) in sociology refers to the situations where people interact in large or small groups. The field of group dynamics deals with small groups that may reach consensus and act in a coordinated way. Groups of a large number of people in a given area may act simultaneously to achieve a goal that differs from what individuals would do acting alone (herd behaviour). A large group (a crowd or mob) is likely to show examples of group behaviour when people gathered in a given place and time act in a similar way—for example, joining a protest or march, participating in a fight or acting patriotically.

Special forms of large group behaviour are: Crowd "hysteria"Spectators - when a group of people gathered together on purpose to participate in an event like theatre play, cinema movie, football match, a concert, etc.Public - exception to the rule that the group must occupy the same physical place. Why people join groups[edit] Defining characteristics[edit]
Social inclusion and exclusion: effects on decision-making and the brain. Behavioural Dynamics Institute. Philip Zimbardo: Comment des gens ordinaires deviennent des monstres... ou des héros.
David Brooks: The social animal. Dan Ariely on our buggy moral code.

Category:Psychology experiments. Rosenhan experiment. Rosenhan's study was done in two parts. The first part involved the use of healthy associates or "pseudopatients" (three women and five men, including Rosenhan himself) who briefly feigned auditory hallucinations in an attempt to gain admission to 12 different psychiatric hospitals in five different states in various locations in the United States. All were admitted and diagnosed with psychiatric disorders. After admission, the pseudopatients acted normally and told staff that they felt fine and had no longer experienced any additional hallucinations. All were forced to admit to having a mental illness and agree to take antipsychotic drugs as a condition of their release.
Seven Social Sins. Category:Social psychologists. Social psychologists are sociologists or psychologists who work in social psychology.
5 Monkeys. Did the monkey banana and water spray experiment ever take place.

Psychologie sociale

Social Psychology Basics. Living Links. The primary mission of the Living Links Center is to study human evolution by investigating our close genetic, anatomical, cognitive, and behavioral similarities with great apes. Apes may have retained traits in our common ancestor that we find hard to recognize in ourselves, or that we are not used to contemplating in an evolutionary light. While a century of studies have investigated how our physical attributes have been shaped by evolution, only recently has research begun to seriously address the role of evolution in human mental life. The Living Links Center was established in 1997 for primate studies that shed light on human behavioral evolution. It is an integrated part of the Yerkes National Primate Research Center, which is the nation’s oldest and largest primate center.

The Living Links Center is currently home to three socially housed groups of chimpanzees.
Be nice. Evolution will punish you if you’re not, says study - Science - News. Social Psychology Network. Pearls Before Breakfast - washingtonpost.com. HE EMERGED FROM THE METRO AT THE L'ENFANT PLAZA STATION AND POSITIONED HIMSELF AGAINST A WALL BESIDE A TRASH BASKET. By most measures, he was nondescript: a youngish white man in jeans, a long-sleeved T-shirt and a Washington Nationals baseball cap. From a small case, he removed a violin. Placing the open case at his feet, he shrewdly threw in a few dollars and pocket change as seed money, swiveled it to face pedestrian traffic, and began to play. It was 7:51 a.m. on Friday, January 12, the middle of the morning rush hour.
Warnock's dilemma. Bystander effect. Social psychology research[edit] Variables affect bystanders[edit] Emergency versus non-emergency situations[edit]