Result from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust creating seismic waves. If epicenter located offshore, tsunami possible.Focus-initial point of rupture, Epicenter- the point on the surface directly above the focus.

Series of waves created when a body of water is rapidly displaced usually by an earthquake.2004: Indian Ocean 9.3 earthquake that killed around 300,000 people.

An opening or rupture in the crust that allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface.

Formed from a long crack in the Earth's surface through which magma erupts.

Broad, shallow volcanic cone, that arises because the running lava, which is fluid and hot, cools slowly.Examples: Mauna Loa and Kilauea in Hawaii

Has a steep, convex slope formed from thick, fast-cooling lava.Example: Mt. Lassen in California

Throws out-besides lava- a lot of ash in the air. The volcanic cone is built up from alternate layers of ash and cinder.Example: Paricution