Syrian violence contributed to a sharp rise in
the number of journalists killed for their work in 2012, as did a series of
murders in Somalia. The dead include a record proportion of journalists who
worked online. A CPJ special report

Almost half of the 67 journalists killed worldwide in 2012 were
targeted and murdered for their work, research
by the Committee to Protect Journalists shows. The vast majority covered
politics. Many also reported on war, human rights, and crime. In almost half of
these cases, political groups are the suspected source of fire. There has been
no justice in a single one of these deaths.

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New York, December 17, 2012--The Committee to Protect
Journalists today called for a retrial of a key defendant in the murder of Anna
Politkovskaya. The defendant, a former senior police official, was sentenced
Friday in a deal that Politkovskaya's family and colleagues fear will not
ultimately identify the crime's true masterminds.

Moscow City Court wrapped up the two-day, closed trial of former
police Lt. Col. Dmitry
Pavlyuchenkov, who was originally charged with organizing the 2006 killing
of the prominent Novaya Gazeta correspondent
but, under a deal he cut with investigators, was tried only for being an
accomplice. According to the deal, Pavlyuchenkov was obligated to fully confess
his role in the murder and name its mastermind, Novaya Gazeta said. The journalist's family and colleagues say
Pavlyuchenkov did not fulfill those conditions, but their appeals to invalidate
the deal were denied.

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The trial of Dmitry
Pavlyuchenkov, a former police lieutenant colonel and a key suspect in the
2006 murder of prominent Russian journalist Anna Politkovskaya,
started at Moscow City Court today under presiding Judge Aleksandr Zamashnyuk.

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New
York, December 6, 2012--Authorities should immediately investigate Wednesday's
murder of a journalist in Russia's volatile North Caucasus and ensure the
perpetrators are brought to justice, the Committee to Protect Journalists said
today.

Two unidentified men shot Kazbek Gekkiyev, 28, in the head three times while he was returning home from work with his friend at around 9 p.m. in Nalchik, the capital of the republic of Kabardino-Balkaria, according to local and international news reports. The gunmen asked Gekkiyev his name before they shot him and then fled in a getaway vehicle, according to the state newspaper Rossiiskaya Gazeta. The journalist's friend was unharmed, news reports said.

The tortured
and decapitated body of 39-year-old María
Elizabeth Macías Castro was found on a Saturday evening in September
2011. It had been dumped by the side of a road in Nuevo Laredo, a Mexican
border town ravaged by the war on drugs. Macías, a freelance journalist, wrote
about organized crime on social media under the pseudonym "The Girl from Laredo." Her murder, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists, was the first in which a journalist was killed in direct
relation for reporting published on social media. It remains unsolved.

Approximately 30 journalists are targeted and murdered every
year, and on average, in only three of these crimes are the killers ever brought
to justice. Other attacks on
freedom of expression occur daily: bloggers are threatened, photographers
beaten, writers kidnapped. And in those instances, justice is even more rare.
Today, the Committee to Protect Journalists joins freedom of expression
advocates worldwide in a 23-day campaign
to dismantle one case at a time a culture of impunity
that allows perpetrators to gag journalists, bloggers, photographers and
writers, while keeping the rest of us uninformed.

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New
York, October 4, 2012--The Committee to Protect Journalists condemns threats
against Tanya Lokshina, a leading Russian researcher and writer known for her work
documenting human rights abuses in the North Caucasus. CPJ calls for an urgent,
thorough, and effective investigation that tracks down all responsible.

Record-high temperatures swept most of Europe this summer, but
in Moscow the weather, much like the political climate, was chilly. I spent three
months in the capital at the invitation of the Russian Union of Journalists, and witnessed
how Vladimir Putin's third term in office kicked off with the passage of
restrictive laws, harassment and prosecution of dissent, the jailing of an
irreverent punk-rock band, and death threats by a top-ranking official against
a prominent editor.

Shortly after the May 7 presidential inauguration of
Vladimir Putin, the Russian parliament passed four major bills in record time--all
of them meant to counter the protests that first erupted in the country in
December 2011.

Three years ago this week, Natalya Estemirova,
a contributor to the independent newspaper Novaya
Gazeta and a local staffer for the Moscow-based rights group Memorial, was
murdered in the North Caucasus, Russia's volatile region, where she was famous
for her work as a defender of human rights.

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New
York, July 16, 2012--Russian authorities have formally indicted retired police
Lt. Col. Dmitry Pavlyuchenkov on charges of complicity in the murder of Anna
Politkovskaya,
Russia's Investigative Committee said today. Politkovskaya,
an investigative reporter with the Moscow-based independent newspaper Novaya Gazeta and a fierce critic of the
war in Chechnya, was slain in her
apartment building on October 7, 2006.

Russia's State Duma has passed a number of new laws in the
past week, all seemingly aimed at reining in civil society and criticism of
public figures. The bills would re-criminalize defamation and impose limits and
labels on NGOs. They follow the introduction last month of excessive fines for
unauthorized protests.

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New York, July 11, 2012--The Committee to Protect
Journalists is concerned over Russia's moves to return defamation to the
criminal code, and calls on the parliament to reject the restrictive bill on its
second reading.

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Nadira Isayeva, a 2010 CPJ
International Press Freedom Award winner, has been
living in exile since she left her native Dagestan, in Russia's volatile North
Caucasus, in November 2011. Isayeva, the editor-in-chief of the independent weekly Chernovik, had been harassed by security
forces for her relentless, critical coverage of their heavy-handed
anti-terrorism operations in the region. Yet she was hesitant to leave, unable
to imagine herself not reporting on these issues.

After
fellow human rights advocates finally convinced Isayeva to leave, she came to
New York, where she works as a fellow at Columbia University's Harriman Institute.
(The interview has been edited).

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New York, May 29, 2012--The Committee to
Protect Journalists condemns a brutal attack on a radio journalist on Monday
and calls on Russian authorities to ensure the perpetrators are brought to
justice.

As
the Internet and mobile communications become more integrated into reporters'
work, the digital threats to journalists' work and safety have increased as
well. While many press reports have documented Internet surveillance and
censorship--and the efforts to combat them--mobile communications are the new
frontline for journalist security.

CPJ's María Salazar-Ferro names the 12 countries where journalists are murdered regularly and governments fail to solve the crimes. Where are leaders failing to uphold the law? Where are conditions getting better? And where is free expression in danger? (4:46)

The European Court of Human Rights is a victim of its
success. In 2011, more than 60,000 people sought its help after exhausting all
judicial remedies before national courts. But now, some member states of the Strasbourg-based
Council of Europe are pushing for reforms of the prestigious institution and are
pointing at the number of cases to make their argument. Instead of enhancing
the court's capacity to deal with the backlog of cases, their moves would clip
the court's prerogatives and undermine a citizen's capacity to defend his most
fundamental rights.

New
York, April 5, 2012--Russian authorities must immediately investigate the attack
on journalist Elena Milashina and ensure the perpetrators are brought to
justice. Milashina is a special correspondent for the Moscow-based independent
newspaper Novaya Gazeta as well as a contributor to CPJ.

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New York,
March 7, 2012--A reporter covering a post-election protest in Moscow suffered a
concussion after being assaulted by police, the most serious of at least three
attacks on journalists reporting on demonstrations on Monday, news reports
said. The Committee to Protect Journalists condemns the assaults and calls on
police to hold the assailants accountable under the law.

Russia's leading independent media head into
Sunday's elections--in which Vladimir Putin is expected to be handed his third
presidential term--burdened by a series of warnings. Over the past few
months, beginning with the parliamentary elections held December 4, Kremlin
allies have taken several steps designed to put news outlets on alert for uncensored
coverage of nationwide protests, in which a surprising number of Russians have demanded
an end to elections fraud and called on Putin to step down from his current
post of prime minister.

The global rate of unpunished murders remains stubbornly high at just below 90 percent. Senior officials in the most dangerous countries are finally acknowledging the problem -- the first step in what will be a long, hard battle. By Elisabeth Witchel

The danger of covering violent street protests has become a significant risk for journalists, alongside combat and targeted killings. Sexual assault, organized crime, and digital vulnerability are also hazards. The security industry is struggling to keep up. By Frank Smyth

Russian investigators have adopted a more serious tone when discussing unsolved journalist murders, but officials still lack the will to apprehend masterminds of the killings. The lack of convictions takes a serious toll on investigative journalism. By Nina Ognianova

Authorities detained at least six journalists covering December protests over flawed parliamentary elections, but in a rare phenomenon Kremlin-controlled television reported on demonstrations that brought tens of thousands of Muscovites onto the streets. In December, a gunman killed the founder of the weekly Chernovik, the 20th work-related murder in Russia since 2000. CPJ advocated extensively against impunity in anti-press attacks, calling on the European Commission to press the issue in meetings with Prime Minister Vladimir Putin. Authorities made progress in two murder cases. In April, two suspects were found guilty in the 2009 murders of journalist Anastasiya Baburova and human rights lawyer Stanislav Markelov; in May, the defendants were sentenced to lengthy prison terms. The suspected gunman and several suspected organizers in the 2006 killing of Anna Politkovskaya were indicted. But impunity prevailed in the savage beatings of journalists Mikhail Beketov and Oleg Kashin. Authorities retaliated against one international reporter. Luke Harding, Moscow correspondent for The Guardian of London, was barred from re-entering the country in February after writing about U.S. diplomatic cables disclosed by WikiLeaks that described Kremlin officials in unflattering terms.

The Russian blogosphere erupted with comments today
following an announcement
that the board of directors of the iconic radio station, Ekho Moskvy, will be
changed. The timing of the development--weeks before presidential elections--and the
potential consequences for Ekho's editorial policy threw listeners into a frenzy
of worry and speculation.

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New York, February 13, 2012--The expulsion of prominent French journalist and author Anne Nivat from Russia today, on alleged violation of her visa status, indicates an increasingly restrictive environment for journalists in the lead-up to Russia's presidential election, said the Committee to Protect Journalists.