I.NATURAL FARMING AND NATURAL FEEDS
Natural FarmingNatural farming is one of the old methods of producing crops. In natural farming, crops are grown without the aid of chemical fertilizer, herbicide or pesticide. It is much better because the produce does not contain chemicals which can be absorbed by the crops with the use of chemical fertilizer, herbicide or pesticide. Natural farming does not till the land but uses earthworms, microorganisms and small animals.

Natural farming does not have any standards like organic farming. Though it does not have any body like structure to monitor natural farmers, it is better than commercial farming for it produces healthier crops for the consumers.

One of the most important aspects of Natural Farming is that the farmers make what they need. Fertilizers, soil improvers, pest controllers, disease cure are all made by the farmers themselves using only natural materials. Natural Farming can be a powerful tool for the third world farmers who cannot afford to buy expensive imported farming inputs.

Natural FeedsNatural feeds are those which contain natural ingredients. The feeds produced are cheaper than commercial feeds. It is better for animals for it contains more nutritive value from natural ingredients. Unlike commercial feeds, it is safer for the animals for it does not contain antibiotics, chemicals and the like.

Mass Chief Feeds was inspired by natural feeds. The product is made up of grinded GAS with the combination of cassava. Livestock industry can become more profitable by using our product for it is specifically made for them to save on costs yet produce high yield.

Source: http://www.thainaturalfarming.com

II.THE GOLDEN APPLE SNAIL
Taxonomy*Records suggest that there are more than one species of Pomacea present in the Philippines. FAO and the Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau-International Institute of Biological Control (CAB-IIBC) identified the GAS as Pomacea insularis (Acosta and Pullin, 1991). Based on the morphological characteristics, GAS was identified as Pomacea canaliculata at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) (Saxena et al., 1987). According to Mochida (1987), P. canaliculata was introduced to Batangas from Taiwan in 1982. P. gigas from Florida were introduced to Makati Metro Manila in 1983. Another Pomacea species was directly introduced from Argentina to Cebu in 1984. Pila leopordivillensis, an African snail, was introduced from Taiwan. Pomacea cuprina is also found in the Philippines (Mochida, 1987). But Golden Apple Snails were determined by PhilRICE as what is popularly known as “golden kuhol” (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck). To sum up, most of the published reports refer GAS in the Philippines to as P. canaliculata. Source:PhilRICE

SCIENTIFIC FAMILY
Golden Apple Snail came from the phylum mollusca, within the family of Ampullariidae. It is a genus of Pomacea and included in the specie of canaliculata (Lamarck, 1819).

Physiological Structure and Anatomy The eyes of the apple snail are located at the base of the tentacles, on top of the eyestalks. The structure of the eye does not provide detailed vision; they rather function as directional light sensors that give the snail an orientation towards light sources. Colour vision is absent as the retina does not contain colour specific photo sensors: an apple snail is colour-blind. The tentacles are very important sensory organs. Apple snails highly rely on the smell capacity and the sensitivity of their tentacles to navigate in their environment.

The osphradius is a chemosensory structure that is located in the mantle cavity, in front of the lung. The osphradius gives the snail the capability to smell chemical substances in the water.

The statocysts (2) are vesicles containing a statolith (little stone like structures composed of calcium carbonate). They function as balancing organs, used by the snail to detect its position with regard to the ground....

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...“GoldenApplesnail (Pomacea caniculata)
shells as an additive for strengthening
ceramic bricks”
Proponent:
Jan Nicholo R. Sabio
IV-NEWTON
GENERAL STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM
The study focuses on the effectiveness of
Goldenapplesnail shells for strengthening
ceramic bricks. It is then sought to answer the
following
:
Are GoldenAppleSnail Shells
effective in strengthening ceramic
bricks?
SPECIFIC PROBLEMS
• Which category given different
amounts and sizes will GoldenAppleSnail strengthen ceramic bricks
proven through a tensile strength
test?
• Cracked 50g 75g 100g
• Crushed 50g 75g 100g
• Pulverized 50g 75g 100g
HYPOTHESIS
• Null Hypothesis
• GoldenAppleSnail Shells is not
effective in strengthening ceramic
bricks.
SIGNIFICANCE OF
THE STUDY
• Agriculture. This research will
benefit rice farmers greatly. During
season of planting, the farmers can
pick up “kuhol” which they can
collect in order to make the bricks
themselves or sell the “kuhol”
themselves
• Ceramics Industry. This research
will benefit in terms of Industrial
Ceramics. Due to new findings in
strengthening ceramic bricks, this
will help in a newly improved kind of
brick which additive comes from
pests shells which are “kuhol”.
METHODOLOGY
Materials
The materials that will be...

...Chapter 10
Neem Crude Extract as Potential Biopesticide for Controlling GoldenAppleSnail, Pomacea canaliculata
Rosdiyani Massaguni and Siti Noor Hajjar Md Latip
Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/48626
1. Introduction
Paddy is the staple food of more than 60% of the world population, and mainly produced and consumed in the Asian region which over 90% of the crop grown in Asia. In Malaysia, the cultivation of paddy rice have covers 204,246 ha area of land and principally planted in the eight granary areas; Muda Agricultural Development Authority (96,558 ha), Kemubu Agriculture Development Authority (32,167 ha), Kerian Sungai Manik Project (27,829 ha), Northeast Selangor Project (18,482 ha), Penang Integrated Agricultural Development Project (10,305 ha), Seberang Perak (8,529 ha), Kemasin Semerak Integrated Agricultural Development Project (5,220 ha) and North Terengganu Integrated Agricultural Development Project (5,156 ha) [1]. Most of the paddy in Malaysia is planted as wet paddy, while dry land paddy is very small acreage, and mostly in Sarawak and Sabah. The continuously increasing population caused the increase of the volume in production of rice is an immediate requirement in Malaysia, in order to attain self-sufficiency in food. Since the possibility of extending area under cultivation has practically been exhausted, the only alternative is to enhance crop...

...environmentally problems. In light of this problem, the study helps to improve and promote yielding production of crops by using CRH as organic fertilizer which is efficient, effective and low cost at higher yield.
Objectives
Generally the study attempts to evaluate the compound effect of various levels CRH as organic fertilizer on rice and control of GoldenAppleSnail (GAS). Specifically, this aims to
1. Evaluate the development of vegetative structures of rice as influence of various level of CRH.
a. number of tillers
b. height of plant
2. Evaluate the development of reproductive structures of rice as influence of various levels of CRH.
a. number of grain per panicle
b. length of panicle
c. number of filled grain per panicle
d. number of unfilled grain per panicle
e. weight of grain per heel
f. weight of grain per 1000 of grain
3. Determine which among the various levels of CRH would give best result.
4. Determine the effect of CRH on GAS in terms of
a. Population density
b. Degree of infestation
c. Mortality rate of GoldenAppleSnail
d. Rate of reproduction
Null Hypothesis
Ho. The various level of CRH shows no effect on morphological development of rice.
1. Reproductive structure of rice
a. No. of grain per panicle
b. length of panicle
c. No. of filled grain per panicle
d. No. of unfilled grain
e. Weight of grain...

...that, DNA barcoding has been developed. DNA barcoding is an important tool in categorizing the taxa of different species and it tells so much about the species’ traits, including genetic diversity. The Pomacea canaliculata was introduced in different parts of Asia and had been an invasive species and a pest in different ecosystems ever since the introduction. In understanding this species of snails, samples were collected, DNA’s were extracted, undergone PCR and electrophoresis, and was sequenced and analyzed. The analysis was qualitative In the Philippines while quantitative in China. In the Philippines, the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) genes was used and compared among the species collected and when it was sequenced, it showed differences due to localized gap, mismatch and non-correspondence of bases. And in China, the diversity was analyzed by means of Nei’s gene diversity, Shannon’s information index, percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) an AMOVA anlysis. Both the quantitative and qualitative showed that there was diversification within and among the populations of these snails.
INTRODUCTION
Genetics is the study of the genes, and the heredity and variation of individuals. Understanding the genome, which is the complete set of chromosomes or the entire genotype of an individual, is important because it helps in the taxonomy of species, especially nowadays wherein advancements in science needs more specific information, and that...

...﻿Annona squamosa (ATIS) AS MOLLUSCICIDE FOR GOLDENAPPLESNAIL
A Research Proposal submitted to the
Faculty of Science and Mathematics Department
Of Naga City Science High School
In partial fulfilments of the
Requirements in Research II
Patungan, Nicole M.
Sarol, Ruth D.
March 2013
Chapter I
Introduction
Farmers, even before has so many issues in their farm and the most common problems of farmers in their farm lots are kuhols, specifically the GoldenAppleSnail, which pests their plants. Goldenapplesnail The GoldenAppleSnail is amphibious. While there is a sufficient level of dissolved oxygen in the water, they will hardly leave the water and will breathe by their gills. If the level of dissolved oxygen gets to low, the snails will go up to the surface and breathe with their lung (mostly by using its siphon, a tube that it extracts to the water surface). While filling their lung with air, the snails extract and contract their body, so that the pressure differences cause their lung to deplete and refill. These snails have the ability to cruse away from the aquarium, so a cover glass is a necessity, as they won't survive longer than a couple of days in dry conditions. These snails have a tendency to float around the water...

...Many Filipino farmers rely on the sales that the industry offers them and the presence of such pests like rats, slugs or snails affects their crops/vegetation greatly thus, it is important to implement efficient and economical measures in protecting crops continuously.
The goldenapplesnails (Pomacea canaliculata) are presently considered as a rice pest of national importance. The illegal introduction of the goldenapplesnails (Pomacea canaliculata) took place in the 1980s through the aquarium trade. It was initially introduced by the private sector as an aquaculture species, particularly as a cheap source of protein. Later, it found its way to waterways and rice fields. In 1995, the reported damage of goldenapplesnails (Pomacea canaliculata) in rice farming was estimated in more than 800,000 hectares all over the country. Estimated rice yield loss from goldenapplesnail infestation from 1985 to 1991 in the Philippines increased along with expanding infestation. Instead of becoming a boom to food production it became a bane in rice farming. Since then, researches on varied subjects, particularly on its control in rice farming, have been investigated.
With these problems, the researcher is motivated to conduct the study to determine the molluscicidal effect of dalandan (Citrus...

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“My name is August, by the way. I won’t describe what I look like. Whatever you’re thinking, it’s probably worse.” Wonder is a story about a 5th grade boy named August (Auggie) Pullman who has facial deformity caused by an extremely rare genetic disorder. He has undergone countless operations, and those made him an outsider with other kids. August has always known that he's different, but he's learned to accept that people will always stare at his face, and there's nothing he could do about it. August has always been loved, protected and taught by his family. He was home-schooled through the fourth grade. His parents feel he needs to go to 'real school', August agrees to attend Beecher Prep where he was accepted. However, during his year in the fifth grade of Beecher Prep, life is going to be very different. Wonder, follows August’s first school experience, is the story of August facing his fears, being stared at and excluded, and his growing up and letting go. It shows family relationship, friendship, bullying, betrayal, and how to overcome challenges, and it follows Auggie throughout fifth grade depicting his worries and the hurdles along the way. Wonder, is switched between various viewpoints, separate from 8 parts and is narrated by 6 different people, including August, August’s sister Via, August’s friends Summer and Jack, Via’s boyfriend Justin, and...

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The wonders
Of
Depo-Provera
Abstract
Depo-Provera
Depo-Provera is a birth control that has been used for many things in the past years. It is mainly used on women as a contraceptive. Depo-Provera is a synthetic derivate of progesterone administered as an acetate salt with anti-estrogenic activity. This is an injected drug. This medicine/drug also causes change in the cervical mucus and urine lining, making it much harder for sperm to travel up to the uterus, and fertilize an egg. A person would have to inject this curtain drug every three months to keep it working. If you miss a month you won’t be protected. As good as the sound this drug has its pros and con. This might sound wonderful but it has lots of side effect, it can cause the loss of bone material density.
What is Depo-Provera?
Depo-Provera is a type of birth control. Depo-Provera is an injectable medication that prevents pregnancy for three months. It’s an injection that has to be done every three months. If you would still like the protection of Depo-Provera. Depo-Provera is a drug that is very similar to progesterone. Progesterone is a hormone that is normally created by the ovaries themselves every month. The reason for this to get their menstrual cycle going. Depo-Provera is not a barrier method. So yes, the patient would...