4. Radiation-cloud and radiation-aerosol interactions. (Characteristics of the interaction of radiation with aerosols and clouds: calculation methods and experiment, on-site and laboratory studies. Microphysical and optical characteristics of aerosols and clouds of different phase compositions: dependence of cloud optical characteristics on parameters of microphysical structure and cloud temperature, methods for accounting the influence of particle forms on cloud optical characteristics. Optical diagnostics of atmospheric aerosol and cloudiness. Satellite information on cloud mycrophysical characteristics and its application. Aerosol radiation forcing)

5. Radiative climatology and algorithms in models for weather and climate forecasting. (Radiative regime of underlying surface and atmosphere. Earth radiation budget - measurements and modeling. Radiative algorithms and validation. Spatial and temporal variations of solar radiation in different spectral ranges from data of ground-based and satellite measurements)

6. Field studies of radiative characteristics of atmosphere and surface. (Instrumentation for
measuring the atmospheric radiation characteristics and remote sensing of the atmosphere and underlying
surface, results of compex investigation projects)

7. Wave characteristics, macrocirculation and dynamics interactions in atmospheres of the Earth and other planets. (Observations and numerical modeling of the macrocirculation of middle and upper atmosphere; measurements of characteristics and structure of global waves and waves from local sources; modeling of generation,
propagation and interaction of atmospheric waves; wave action on the atmospheric macrocirculation and turbulence;
dependence of atmospheric wave movement from other dynamics processes in atmosphere, hydrosphere, firm ground and
space influence; dynamics interaction of different atmospheric layers)

8. Structure of middle and upper atmosphere of the Earth and other planets. (Observations of vertical distributions of temperature,
pressure, density and their different variations in the stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere; analysis and models of the radiative budget
and its components for these atmospheric layers; observations of neutral gaseous and aerosol structures and their different variations
in the stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere; modeling of gaseous and aerosol composition in these atmospheric
layers; connection of the structure and conposition of these layers with dynamics processes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, firm ground
and space processes (at Sun etc.))

9. Photochemistry and kinetics of excited states of atoms and molecules and non-LTE radiation in the atmosphere of the Earth and other
planets. (Observations and modeling of non-LTE radiation in middle and upper atmosphere in UV, visible, IR and microwave
ranges; photochemistry and kinetics of excited states of neutral atoms and molecules, dependence of excitation degree on processes in
atmosphere, its temperature and composition and on external sources; application of non-LTE radiation observations
for studying the atmospheric structure, composition and different dynamics processes in atmosphere)