broadcasted speech made by Nixon who said that the $18,000 was not used improperly during his campaign, and this speech won him a wave of support from viewers.

election of 1952

eisenhower vs. adlai stevenson

win for the republican party(eisenhower)

Atomic Energy Act of 1954

made it possible for private companies to operate Nuclear Power plants.

Explorer 1

was the U.S.'s response to the Soviets "Sputnik"

hidden poverty

the invisible poor were so well hidden that many americans believed that the problem was totally eliminated.

had yearly incomes of $4,000 a year
40 % of all New York's welfare recipients

African American families

Operation Wetback

The deportation program that deported more than 3 million illegal immigrants from Mexico.

termination policy

the loss of hundreds of thousands of acres of Native American lands, to agricultural, lumber and mining interests.

Voluntary Relocation Program

provided moving expenses, help in finding houses and jobs, and temporary living expenses for Native Americans willing to leave their homes and lands.

What put 70% of APPALACHIAN COAL MINERS out of work by 1960?

drop in the demand for coal
increased use of machinery

Why did Mexican Americans rarely feel politically secure in the U.S.?

they were from a sovereign foreign state, and legally defined as aliens.

at any time the U.S. government or any official could stop any Mexican American on the street and demand proof of citizenship.

defacto segregation

segregation by fact not law

case that stood as leagal precedent for the "seperate but equal" doctrine

Plessy v. Ferguson

this case helped overturn school segregation and start integrating schools.

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

African American student expelled from the University of Alabama after whites rioted to prevent her from remaining there.

Autherine Lucy

Central High School

9 blacks integrated into 2000 whites
needed 101st airborne to keep watch
after national gaurd left, the 9 kids were forced to leave the school under police protection.

Arkansas governor during Central High School integration.

Orval Faubus

43 yr. old African American woman who refused to give up her seat on a bus for a white man.

started a civil rights movement

Rosa Parks

boycott where African Americans refused to use the services of the bus company.

lasted nearly 400 days until blacks were finally granted equality on the buses.

Montgomery BUS boycott

nonviolent resistance

type of resistance where deomnstrations were carried out without fighting with authorities, even if provoked to do so.

SCLC

Southern Christian Leadership Conferenc.

conducted workshops in nonviolent methods of resistance for civil rights activists. taught how to sit quietly while others jeered at them, called then names, and even spat on them.

sit-in

type of nonviolent resistance where African Americans would usually sit in a restaurant of some sort until they were served.

civil disobedience

nonviolent resistance to unjust laws.

This couple raised concerns about USA security of classified information.

He was dismissed from the us army signal corp, which is the communications wing of the army, suspected of communist activity.

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Who was David Greenglass?

the brother in law of Julius Rosenberg.
He owned an army surplus store and gave Rosenberg a job from 1946-1950.

What atomic physist worked on the Los Alamos Project, and with who?

Klaus Fuchs, with Rosenberg, and Greenglass.

later fuchs admitted he was in an atomic spy ring, when arrested in britain.
this lead to the arrest of Greenglass who tells on Rosenberg

Describe the execution of the Rosenbergs

Julius and his wife, who was arrested because of her knowledge of the spy ring, were accused of obtaining information on atomic weapons, fuses, and other military matters.
They are both killed in an electric chair.

what is fuchs and greenglasses punishment

fuchs-14 yr sentence in british jail
greenglass-1/2 of 15 yr. sentence in return for his testimony of Rosenberg

Alger Hiss

State Department Official who was accused by WHITTAKER CHAMBERS of being a communist along with wittaker.

key things against hiss- rolls of microfilm, and his tracement to a typewriter in the state department which may have been use in this caper.

what were the microfilm rolls named?

Pumpkin papers

hiss's final charges

a pergury conviction and sentenced to 5 yrs. in prison, but only serves 44 mos. unti his death.

where did McCarthy state the government esp. the state department was infested with communists

at a Republican Woman's Club in Wheeling, West Virginia

Dean Acheson

accused by McCarthy of covering up the communist activities in the state department.

Secretary of state

Who was an asian expert accused of promoting communism in China.

Owen Lattimore

Robert T. Stevens

Secretary of the army

had cooperated with Mc Carthy and tried to work with him but eventually reached a breaking point with all of the unsubstantiated claims the senator made.

Army Radar Lab at Fort Monmount, NJ

McCarthy focused his communist investigation at this site, and claimed the army was trying to obstruct his investigation.

Who was Roy Cohn

he was McCarthys attorney, who sought preferential treatment for his nephew, G.David Shine, who was in the army.

Josephy Welch

the army's attorney, who engaged in numerous verbal confrontations with McCarthy, esp. after one of his associates was accused of being communist.

What did the Senate vote to do to McCarthy after the hearings.

to censure him, no longer allow him to speak on the Senate floor.

silent generation?

college students were so docile they were dubbed, silent generation.

boring--tract homes, fins on every car, no individualism

Elvis Presley

21 yr. old, hip gyrating singer who sold $120 million worth of records and trinkets.

Charles Van Doren

a guy who was on the tv game show, TWENTY ONE, and was fed the answers through his headphones... first instance of national lying/swindling

Roger Banister

first man to run the mile in less than 4 minutes.

Beatniks

group of young men and women who dressed in black, had their own jargon, wrote poetry, played bongo, and met in coffee shops. didnt like confomity , and wanted individualism