This study focuses on developing a controlling and analyzing software for the portable atomic emission spectrometer equipped with an electrothermal vaporizer(ETV) that can perform the in-situ trace analysis of heavy metal ions dissolved in water. The software works well for a notebook PC and it is exclusively developed for the real time analysis with a line filter and a photomultiplier light detector. The program is designed to operate under Windows 95 environment and either Korean or English can be used as a main language. The Delphi 2.0 language software is mainly used for programing. The program is designed to make a calibration curve and the system users can get the analytical data in a short time. And a final report can be generated without having difficulties. This software can be easily modified for other analytical atomic spectrometers.

The 2,2'-Biimidazole was synthesized by the reaction between glycol and ammonium solution. The correct solid structure of 2,2'-biimidazole in this method reported either trans () or cis () form. In this study, the correct structure of 2,2'-biimidazole was analysed by both FTIR and Raman spectroscopy using mutual exclusion properties of them. Also, it was analysed by and NMR and computer molecular modeling. The structure of 2,2'-biimidazole found to be trans () than cis () by comparison between FTIR and Raman Spectra. This results agree with computer molecular modeling and x-ray crystallography. This study provide good evidence for identifying structural orientation of the 2,2'-biimidazole containing pyridyl nitrogen.

In the dye sensitization for the solar energy conversion with a photoelectrochemical cell containing allylthiourea, the time profile of the sensitized photocurrent showed a rise and fall with the irradiation time. The dye solution before and after irradiation was analyzed by means of spectroscopic methods. A new precipitation reaction between sensitizer and supersensitizer and photobleaching of the dye appeared to be involved in the decreased photocurrent.

Fluorimetric and absorption spectroscopic studies were performed to elucidate the photocurrent decay with time in the conversion process of solar energy into electrical energy using a photoelectrochemical cell containing rose bengal as a sensitizer, and allylthiourea as a supersensitizer. Spectra of dye solution before and after irradiation revealed a new photocatalytic dimerization reaction between sensitizer and supersensitizer. It was also found that the geometrical arrangement of the transition dipoles is oblique in the dimer of dye molecules.

This study was performed to assess the levels of the Cr and Co in fisheries caught from the some areas of west coast in Korea. The samples were 26 kinds of fishes, 19 kindly of Mollusca and 3 kinds of Crustacea. They were ashed with 5 ml and then wet-decomposed with 10 ml of a mixture of (10:1:4). After ashing of samples, the amounts of Cr and Co in the samples were determined by ICP-AES analysis. The moisture content of molluscans was significantly higher than that of crustaceans (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference among fisheries in the Cr content. And the Co content of crustaceans was significantly higher than that of fishes and molluscans (p<0.001). There was no significance between contents of Cr and Co in fisheries. The Cr content of Arkshell was 422.00 ppm, which was the most amount compared with those of the other samples. And the Co in Myong-Ge was 3.78 ppm, which was the most amount. Areliscus honaleus (Cr:2.76 ppm, Co:0.97 ppm), Solen (Cr:6.56 ppm, Co:1.59 ppm) and dried barley shrimp (Cr:1.06 ppm, Co:0.90 ppm) contained great amount of Cr and Co.

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of 5-fluorourasil in human plasma is described. The method involves a single extraction procedure with 10 ml of isopropanol-ether(20:80) solution and pentafluoro-benzylation. Samples were injected using an automatic injector, followed by separation on a nonpolar capillary column and detection with a mass selective detector(MSD). No endogeneous compounds were found to interfere. The detection limit, based upon an assayed plasma volume of 0.5, was 3 ng/ml. The extraction yield was found to be above 80%. Plasma 5-FU concentrations were determined by this method in about 500 plasma samples from cancer patients undergoing treatment with 5-FU. This method is suitable for monitoring of 5-FU in plasma of cancer patients.

The reaction of with yielded [I], the first organobismuth compound with -bonded cyclopentadienyl ring. The compound I which was the violet crystal (yield, 30%) was decomposed to . The Structure of was identified as single crystal by X-ray diffraction method. The eliminated product , triclinic crystal of space group p1(Z=2) which was attached with C-C -bond of two cyclopentadienyl was defined by the structural analysis.

This study is to improve the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and the self-monitoring of blood glucose in people with diabetes by providing a non-invasive method of monitoring blood glucose. A near-infrared (NIR) spectrophotometer was used to measure absorption spectra of 80 glucose samples ranges from 1 mg/dL to 200 mg/dL, and shows the standard error of prediction 1.8 mg/dL. Also, to investigate the effect of interference in blood, NaCl and sand were added in glucose and found the standard error of prediction of 2.8 mg/dL and 3.8 mg/dL, respectively. A new and more accurate calibration system for the spectrophotometer was developed from systematic study of light scattering, which cause nonlinear spectrophotometer response.

Chemical components of domestic Ligusticum chuanxiong HORT and Cnidium officinale MAKINO were analyzed. Proximate analysis of each species showed crude protein 18.5% and 11.1%, crude lipid 5.9% and 6.2%, crude fiber 6.4% and 6.5%, crude ash 5.4% and 6.0%, and carbohydrate 63.7% and 70.2%, respectively. Contents of potassium which was found to be the most abundant mineral in both species were 1.8% and 3.0%, and those of sucrose were 0.4% and 0.3% respectively while neither fructose nor glucose were detected in each species. Major fatty acids in Ligusticum chuanxiong HORT and Cnidium officinale MAKINO were linoleic acid (60.7% and 61.2%), oleic acid (19.9% and 21.3%), palmitic acid (11.4% and 11.3%)(respectively) but there was no significant difference between two species. Glutamic acid was revealed as the most abandant amino acid in both species with 2.5% in Ligusticum chuanxiong HORT and 1.6% in Cnidium officinale MAKINO. Ligusticum chuanxiong HORT and Cnidium officinale MAKINO also were shown to be contained 0.0009% and 0.0005% vitamin , and 0.6% and 0.7% tannin, respectively.

This study was performed to characterize the trace organic pollutants in the industrial wastewater and to establish the database of the trace organic pollutants. The four manufacturing industries, which are refined petroleum, industrial chemicals, rubber & plastics and fabricated metals, were surveyed. The wastewater and discharging water of these 30 factories are analyzed to characterize the trace organic pollutants. In industrial chemicals, the kinds of products and organic pollutants are very various. Therefore to select the characteristic organic pollutants in this categories are also very difficult. In industrial chemicals, the gas chromatograpic peak patterns of wastewater are represented the various type according to their products, therefore the typical patterns of the characteristic organic pollutants could not be obtained because the kinds of manufactured goods and organic pollutants are very various. In refined petroleum, the effluent is discharged in the distillatory process of atmosphere pressure and contained the saturated hydrocarbons, phenol compounds, benzene compounds and naphtalene compounds. The saturated hydrocarbons peaks from to are represented the typical oil patterns by the uniform intervals therefore the peak can be easily distinguished. In rubber & plastics, the wastewater is discharged in the washing process which contains the additives. The problem of wastewater is not serious because the manufacturing process is not produced the effluent or the produced cooling water is recycled in that process.

The reverse detection heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence, HMQC study of metcyano complex of horse myoglobin(MbCN) has provided the complete assignment of hyperfine shifted resonances of heme carbons attached with proton(s). The application of HMQC experiment to the paramagnetic low-spin MbCN gives clear and coherences for the paramagnetic amino acid residues as well as heme side chains, and can be extended to the low-spin paramagnetic hemoprotein derivative for the assignment of natural abundance resonances. This assignment strategy can avoid possible ambiguities that may result from the sole utilization of nuclear Overhauser effect for the assignment of heme signals resonating in the diamagnetic region. The resulting 2,4-vinyl -carbons and 7-propionate -carbon follow anomalous anti-Curie behavior, and are indicative of incoplanarity with heme plane. Magnetic/electronic asymmetry of heme induced by proximal histidine(His) makes spread that the hyperfine shifted heme carbon resonances over the range of 250 ppm at . These heme carbon resonances would be the much more sensitive probe than those of proton resonances in analyzing the nature of heme electronic structure of myoglobin.