Central Serous Retinopathy, also know as Central Serous Chorioretinopathy or Central Serous Choriodopathy, is a condition where fluid collects under the central retina. The central retina is also know as the macula. The center of the macula is called the fovea and it is the fovea that is responsible for our central vision.

Basic Eye Anatomy

This fluid leaks from one or more surrounding blood vessels. When the fluid accumulates under the fovea, it causes distorted vision known as metamorphopsia. Other symptoms may include blurred vision, dim vision, and a blind spot in your central vision.

OCT cross-sectional image of a fovea with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

OCT cross-sectional image of a normal fovea, the center of the macula.

Central Serous Choroiretinopathy usually affects just one eye at a time, but it is possible that both eyes may be affected at the same time. It occurs more commonly in men between the ages of 20 and 50 but it occurs in women, too. Stress is a major risk factor as is lack of quality sleep. Studies indicate that “Type A” personality types who are under stress and or not sleeping well are at increased risk. Also, those with hypertension or who consume caffiene or take steroids may be at increased risk.

Diagnosis is made based on history and examination and by Optical Coherence Tomography, see the OCT images above. Fluorescein angiography can also be used to detect and confirm Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. Periodically, OCT will be performed to assess the resorption of the fluid.

Treatment is directed at reducing stress and improving sleep quality. In most cases, the fluid will reabsorb on it’s own over the course of a few months. If time, stress management and quality sleep do not stop the fluid build-up (i.e., the leaking blood vessel) laser photocoagulation of the leaking blood vessel may be performed under some circumstances. In either case, most people will regain their vision once the condition is resolved. However, for some their central visual acuity may never be entirely back to normal.

About 50% of patients will experience recurrence. It is important to have regular examinations by an Ophthalmologist to monitor for recurrent fluid accumulation, as this can cause permanent vision loss.