Have you tried a smaller amount of retraction? Your screenshot is showing 6.5mm, I'm not using an Anet A8 but I only use 0.1mm of retraction with an E3D V6 direct drive. On my worst case bowden setup, I only ever needed 4mm of retraction and I got that even lower when I made sure the PTFE tube didn't move at all during retraction with a different PTFE holder.

You could always try the extra prime amount after a retraction, as your pictures with retraction almost look like the plastic isn't flowing when the extruder nozzle begins to move around again.