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The California softball program opened Levine-Fricke Field in 1995 after playing at Hearst Field (now the Hearst Field Annex) and Strawberry Field (now Witter Rugby Field) and has seen a great deal of success since the facility opened, since 1995, California has won a national championship (2002), a conference championship (2005), made nine Women's College World Series appearances, and has made the NCAA tournament every year since then.

Since the 2000 season, Levine-Fricke Field has seen an average attendance figure of around 300 (around 47,000 total over a span of around 160 games) with the largest single game attendance figure of 1,069 (88.8% capacity) recorded on April 29, 2012 in a game against UCLA (the previous record was 969, which was set in a game against Arizona in 2004).[1] The 2004 season saw Cal softball's best single season attendance average of around 400 (80% capacity); however, it is likely that once the 2012 season ends, it will surpass the 2002 season (2012 average as of April 29 is around 440).[2] California generally sees its largest crowds for their Saturday and Sunday games because all games (both weekday and weekend) are played during the day with first pitch usually scheduled between 12:00p and 3:00p Pacific Time.[3]

The facility opened in 1995 and originally had a capacity of 500 seats and about 600-700 with standing room only,[4][5] despite being a fairly new stadium, Levine-Fricke Field does not have lights to support night softball games and up until the opening of the Simpson Center in 2011, the softball program's locker rooms and training facilities were woefully out of date. Other than the addition of the Simpson Center near Memorial Stadium, Levine-Fricke Field itself has also seen some changes in 2012: the athletic department on April 11, 2012 announced that it had added 704 new bleacher seats to the stadium, which more than doubled its capacity, bringing it up to 1,204 from just 500, on May 13, 2012, it was announced that Levine-Fricke Field would host postseason action for the first time in the venue's history. To bring the stadium up to NCAA standards, California brought in a temporary press box structure and temporary lights to accommodate night games and large television crews.

Despite the fact that the California softball program has been one of the more successful programs in the country, and earning a national seed on many different occasions in the past, the Bears hosted NCAA tournament games in 2012 for the first time since the 1993 season (the team then played at Strawberry Field),[6] the main reason for this, is that Levine-Fricke Field is not considered up to NCAA standards because of its inability to host television crews and have night games. To remedy this problem in 2012, California brought in temporary upgrades to the facility for the Berkeley Regional and Super Regional, because of the new Pac-12 Network, it is quite possible that California will have a more permanent solution to many of the venue's problems in the near future.

1.
University of California, Berkeley
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The University of California, Berkeley, is a public research university located in Berkeley, California. In 1960s, UC Berkeley was particularly noted for the Free Speech Movement as well as the Anti-Vietnam War Movement led by its students. S, Department of Energy, and is home to many world-renowned research institutes and organizations including Mathematical Sciences Research Institute and Space Sciences Laboratory. Faculty member J. R. Oppenheimer, the father of the atomic bomb, Lawrence Livermore Lab also discovered or co-discovered six chemical elements. The Academic Ranking of World Universities also ranks the University of California, Berkeley, third in the world overall, in 1866, the private College of California purchased the land comprising the current Berkeley campus. Ten faculty members and almost 40 students made up the new University of California when it opened in Oakland in 1869, billings was a trustee of the College of California and suggested that the college be named in honor of the Anglo-Irish philosopher George Berkeley. In 1870, Henry Durant, the founder of the College of California, with the completion of North and South Halls in 1873, the university relocated to its Berkeley location with 167 male and 22 female students and held its first classes. In 1905, the University Farm was established near Sacramento, ultimately becoming the University of California, by the 1920s, the number of campus buildings had grown substantially, and included twenty structures designed by architect John Galen Howard. Robert Gordon Sproul served as president from 1930 to 1958, by 1942, the American Council on Education ranked UC Berkeley second only to Harvard University in the number of distinguished departments. During World War II, following Glenn Seaborgs then-secret discovery of plutonium, UC Berkeley physics professor J. Robert Oppenheimer was named scientific head of the Manhattan Project in 1942. Along with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley is now a partner in managing two other labs, Los Alamos National Laboratory and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, originally, military training was compulsory for male undergraduates, and Berkeley housed an armory for that purpose. In 1917, Berkeleys ROTC program was established, and its School of Military Aeronautics trained future pilots, including Jimmy Doolittle, both Robert McNamara and Frederick C. Weyand graduated from UC Berkeleys ROTC program, earning B. A. degrees in 1937 and 1938, in 1926, future fleet admiral Chester W. Nimitz established the first Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps unit at Berkeley. The Board of Regents ended compulsory military training at Berkeley in 1962, during the McCarthy era in 1949, the Board of Regents adopted an anti-communist loyalty oath. A number of faculty members objected and were dismissed, ten years passed before they were reinstated with back pay, in 1952, the University of California became an entity separate from the Berkeley campus. Each campus was given autonomy and its own Chancellor. Then-president Sproul assumed presidency of the entire University of California system, Berkeley gained a reputation for student activism in the 1960s with the Free Speech Movement of 1964 and opposition to the Vietnam War. In the highly publicized Peoples Park protest in 1969, students and the school conflicted over use of a plot of land, then governor of California Ronald Reagan called the Berkeley campus a haven for communist sympathizers, protesters, and sex deviants. Modern students at Berkeley are less active, with a greater percentage of moderates and conservatives

2.
Berkeley, California
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Berkeley is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in northern Alameda County, California. It is named after the 18th-century Anglo-Irish bishop and philosopher George Berkeley and it borders the cities of Oakland and Emeryville to the south and the city of Albany and the unincorporated community of Kensington to the north. Its eastern border with Contra Costa County generally follows the ridge of the Berkeley Hills, the 2010 census recorded a population of 112,580. It also has the Graduate Theological Union, one of the largest religious studies institutions in the world and it is one of the most politically liberal cities in the United States. The site of todays City of Berkeley was the territory of the Chochenyo/Huchiun band of the Ohlone people when the first Europeans arrived, other artifacts were discovered in the 1950s in the downtown area during remodeling of a commercial building, near the upper course of the creek. The first people of European descent arrived with the De Anza Expedition in 1776, today, this is noted by signage on Interstate 80, which runs along the San Francisco Bay shoreline of Berkeley. The De Anza Expedition led to establishment of the Spanish Presidio of San Francisco at the entrance to San Francisco Bay, luis Peralta was among the soldiers at the Presidio. For his services to the King of Spain, he was granted a vast stretch of land on the east shore of San Francisco Bay for a ranch, luis Peralta named his holding Rancho San Antonio. The primary activity of the ranch was raising cattle for meat and hides, eventually, Peralta gave portions of the ranch to each of his four sons. What is now Berkeley lies mostly in the portion that went to Peraltas son Domingo, with a little in the portion that went to another son, no artifact survives of the Domingo or Vicente ranches, but their names survive in Berkeley street names. However, legal title to all land in the City of Berkeley remains based on the original Peralta land grant, the Peraltas Rancho San Antonio continued after Alta California passed from Spanish to Mexican sovereignty after the Mexican War of Independence. The lands of the brothers Domingo and Vicente were quickly reduced to reservations close to their respective ranch homes, the rest of the land was surveyed and parceled out to various American claimants. Politically, the area that became Berkeley was initially part of a vast Contra Costa County, on March 25,1853, Alameda County was created from a division within Contra Costa County, as well as from a small portion of Santa Clara County. The area of Berkeley was at this period mostly a mix of land, farms and ranches. It was not yet Berkeley, but merely the part of the Oakland Township subdivision of Alameda County. In 1866, Oaklands private College of California looked for a new site, according to the Centennial Record of the University of California, In 1866…at Founders Rock, a group of College of California men watched two ships standing out to sea through the Golden Gate. Although the philosophers name is pronounced bark-lee, the pronunciation of the name has evolved to suit American English as burk-lee. The College of Californias College Homestead Association planned to raise funds for the new campus by selling off adjacent parcels of land, to this end, they laid out a plat and street grid that became the basis of Berkeleys modern street plan

3.
California
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California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565

4.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci

5.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation

6.
Seating capacity
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Seating capacity is the number of people who can be seated in a specific space, in terms of both the physical space available, and limitations set by law. Seating capacity can be used in the description of anything ranging from an automobile that seats two to a stadium that seats hundreds of thousands of people. The International Fire Code, portions of which have adopted by many jurisdictions, is directed more towards the use of a facility than the construction. It specifies, For areas having fixed seating without dividing arms and it also requires that every public venue submit a detailed site plan to the local fire code official, including details of the means of egress, seating capacity, arrangement of the seating. Once safety considerations have been satisfied, determinations of seating capacity turn on the size of the venue. For sports venues, the decision on maximum seating capacity is determined by several factors, chief among these are the primary sports program and the size of the market area. Seating capacity of venues also plays a role in what media they are able to provide, in contracting to permit performers to use a theatre or other performing space, the seating capacity of the performance facility must be disclosed. Seating capacity may influence the kind of contract to be used, the seating capacity must also be disclosed to the copyright owner in seeking a license for the copyrighted work to be performed in that venue. Venues that may be leased for private functions such as ballrooms and auditoriums generally advertise their seating capacity, seating capacity is also an important consideration in the construction and use of sports venues such as stadiums and arenas. The seating capacity for restaurants is reported as covers, a restaurant that can seat 99 is said to have 99 covers, seating capacity differs from total capacity, which describes the total number of people who can fit in a venue or in a vehicle either sitting or standing. Use of the term public capacity indicates that a venue is allowed to more people than it can actually seat. Again, the total number of people can refer to either the physical space available or limitations set by law

7.
Cinder
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A cinder is a pyroclastic material. Cinders are similar to pumice, which has so many cavities and is such low-density that it can float on water, Cinder is typically brown, black, or red depending on its chemical content. A more modern name for cinder is scoria, contain numerous gas bubbles frozen into place as magma exploded into the air and then cooled quickly. Cinders have been used on surfaces and roads to provide additional traction in winter conditions. Cinders are also employed as inorganic mulch in xeriscaping, because of excellent drainage properties, in this context, they are referred to frequently with the name lava rock. This is why cinder is used in roads, Cinder block Cinder cone Cinder track Lapilli Scoria Tephra Ye Olde Cinder House

8.
Clay
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Clay is a fine-grained natural rock or soil material that combines one or more clay minerals with traces of metal oxides and organic matter. Geologic clay deposits are composed of phyllosilicate minerals containing variable amounts of water trapped in the mineral structure. Clays are plastic due to water content and become hard, brittle. Depending on the content in which it is found, clay can appear in various colours from white to dull grey or brown to deep orange-red. Although many naturally occurring deposits include both silts and clay, clays are distinguished from other fine-grained soils by differences in size, silts, which are fine-grained soils that do not include clay minerals, tend to have larger particle sizes than clays. There is, however, some overlap in size and other physical properties. The distinction between silt and clay varies by discipline, geologists and soil scientists usually consider the separation to occur at a particle size of 2 µm, sedimentologists often use 4–5 μm, and colloid chemists use 1 μm. Geotechnical engineers distinguish between silts and clays based on the plasticity properties of the soil, as measured by the soils Atterberg limits, ISO14688 grades clay particles as being smaller than 2 μm and silt particles as being larger. These solvents, usually acidic, migrate through the rock after leaching through upper weathered layers. In addition to the process, some clay minerals are formed through hydrothermal activity. There are two types of deposits, primary and secondary. Primary clays form as residual deposits in soil and remain at the site of formation, secondary clays are clays that have been transported from their original location by water erosion and deposited in a new sedimentary deposit. Clay deposits are associated with very low energy depositional environments such as large lakes. Depending on the source, there are three or four main groups of clays, kaolinite, montmorillonite-smectite, illite, and chlorite. Chlorites are not always considered to be a clay, sometimes being classified as a group within the phyllosilicates. There are approximately 30 different types of clays in these categories. Varve is clay with visible annual layers, which are formed by deposition of those layers and are marked by differences in erosion. This type of deposit is common in glacial lakes

9.
California Golden Bears softball
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The California Golden Bears softball team is the intercollegiate softball team of the University of California, Berkeley. The team plays its games at Levine-Fricke Field, which is located in Strawberry Canyon near California Memorial Stadium. While the stadium was built recently in 1995, it is not up to the standards of the NCAA. California softball is one of the most consistently successful programs at the school with a current 26 year NCAA tournament streak, the current head coach is Diane Ninemire, who began her tenure in 1988 and has the most wins of any coach in California athletics history. The California Golden Bears softball team has one of the most consistently successful programs at the University of California since its inaugural season in 1972. Through the programs first forty years, it has had a record of 1, the current head coach is Diane Ninemire, who is currently in her 25th season leading Californias softball program. Ninemire holds the California school record for most all-time wins by a coach, Levine-Fricke Field opened in 1995 with a capacity of 500 permanent seats and it was announced by the athletic department that the stadium had expanded to 1,204 seats on April 11,2012. In 2002, the California Golden Bears softball program won its first national championship after defeating the national champion Arizona Wildcats on May 27,2002. There were high heading into the 2002 campaign after reaching the Womens College World Series from 1999 to 2001. The 2012 season began for the Golden Bears with extremely high expectations with head coach Diane Ninemire going as far as comparing her 2012 squad to the 2002 national championship team. The Bears started the season as #3 in the NFCA poll, Source,2012 Golden Bears Record Book Source, University of California Athletic Department List of NCAA Division I softball programs

10.
National Collegiate Athletic Association
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The National Collegiate Athletic Association is a non-profit association which regulates athletes of 1,281 institutions, conferences, organizations, and individuals. It also organizes the programs of many colleges and universities in the United States and Canada. The organization is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 2014, the NCAA generated almost a billion dollars in revenue. 80 to 90% of this revenue was due to the Division I Mens Basketball Tournament and this revenue is then distributed back into various organizations and institutions across the United States. In August 1973, the current three-division setup of Division I, Division II, under NCAA rules, Division I and Division II schools can offer scholarships to athletes for playing a sport. Division III schools may not offer any athletic scholarships, generally, larger schools compete in Division I and smaller schools in II and III. Division I football was divided into I-A and I-AA in 1978. Subsequently, the term Division I-AAA was briefly added to delineate Division I schools which do not field a football program at all, in 2006, Divisions I-A and I-AA were respectively renamed the Football Bowl Subdivision and Football Championship Subdivision. Inter-collegiate sports began in the US in 1852 when crews from Harvard University, as other sports emerged, notably football and basketball, many of these same concepts and standards were adopted. Football, in particular, began to emerge as a marquee sport, the IAAUS was officially established on March 31,1906, and took its present name, the NCAA, in 1910. For several years, the NCAA was a group and rules-making body, but in 1921, the first NCAA national championship was conducted. Gradually, more rules committees were formed and more championships were created, a series of crises brought the NCAA to a crossroads after World War II. The Sanity Code – adopted to establish guidelines for recruiting and financial aid – failed to curb abuses, postseason football games were multiplying with little control, and member schools were increasingly concerned about how the new medium of television would affect football attendance. The complexity of problems and the growth in membership and championships demonstrated the need for full-time professional leadership. Walter Byers, previously an executive assistant, was named executive director in 1951. Byers wasted no time placing his stamp on the Association, as college athletics grew, the scope of the nations athletics programs diverged, forcing the NCAA to create a structure that recognized varying levels of emphasis. In 1973, the Associations membership was divided into three legislative and competitive divisions – I, II, and III, five years later in 1978, Division I members voted to create subdivisions I-A and I-AA in football. Until the 1980s, the association did not offer womens athletics, instead, the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women, with nearly 1000 member schools, governed womens collegiate sports in the United States

11.
Stadium
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Pausanias noted that for about half a century the only event at the ancient Greek Olympic festival was the race that comprised one length of the stade at Olympia, where the word stadium originated. In modern times, a stadium is officially a stadium when at least 50% of the capacity is an actual building. If the majority of the capacity is formed by grasshills, the venue is not officially considered a stadium. Most of the stadiums with a capacity of at least 10,000 are used for football, or soccer. A large amount of sports venues are also used for concerts. Stadium is the Latin form of the Greek word stadion, a measure of length equalling the length of 600 human feet, as feet are of variable length the exact length of a stadion depends on the exact length adopted for 1 foot at a given place and time. Although in modern terms 1 stadion =600 ft, in a historical context it may actually signify a length up to 15% larger or smaller. The equivalent Roman measure, the stadium, had a similar length — about 185 m -, the English use of stadium comes from the tiered infrastructure surrounding a Roman track of such length. Most dictionaries provide for both stadiums and stadia as valid English plurals, although etymological purists sometimes apply stadia only to measures of length in excess of 1 stadium. The oldest known stadium is the one in Olympia, in the western Peloponnese, Greece, initially the Games consisted of a single event, a sprint along the length of the stadium. The stadion, a measure of length, may be related to the Stadium, Greek and Roman stadiums have been found in numerous ancient cities, perhaps the most famous being the Stadium of Domitian, in Rome. The excavated and refurbished ancient Panathenaic stadium hosted a version of the Olympic Games in 1870,1875,1896 and 1906. The excavation and refurbishment of the stadium was part of the legacy of the Greek national benefactor Evangelos Zappas, the first stadiums to be built in the modern era were basic facilities, designed for the single purpose of fitting as many spectators in as possible. One such early stadium was the Lansdowne Road Stadium, the brainchild of Henry Dunlop, banned from locating sporting events at Trinity College, Dunlop built the stadium in 1872. Some 300 cartloads of soil from a trench beneath the railway were used to raise the ground, other early stadiums from this period in the UK include the Stamford Bridge stadium and Anfield stadium. In the U. S. However, many of these caught fire. All of the 19th-century wooden parks were replaced, some only a few years. Goodison Park was the first purpose-built football stadium in the world, walton-based building firm Kelly brothers were instructed to erect two uncovered stands that could each accommodate 4,000 spectators

12.
Pac-12 Conference
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The Pac-12 Conference is a collegiate athletic conference that operates in the Western United States. It participates in 22 NCAA sports in the NCAAs Division I, its teams compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision. The conferences 12 members are located in Arizona, California, Colorado, Oregon, Utah and they include each states flagship public university, four additional public universities, and two private research universities. It became the Pac-12 in 2011 with the addition of the University of Colorado, with Arizona States softball title in 2011, the conference won its 400th NCAA Championship. The current commissioner of the conference is Larry Scott, Scott replaced Thomas C, hansen, who retired in July 2009 after 26 years in that position. Prior to joining the Pac-10, Scott was Chairman and CEO of the Womens Tennis Association, the Pac-12 has twelve full member institutions. Football currently is the sport where the conference is divided evenly into two geographic divisions, the North Division and the South Division. The Pac-12 spans six states in the Western United States, Arizona, California, Colorado, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. Unusual for a conference, the Pac-12s members are spread evenly between 3 regions, with 4 schools each in California, the Pacific Northwest, and the Four Corners region. The Pac-12 has four affiliate member institutions, three in California and Boise State University in Idaho, the school will maintain its Pac-12 affiliation in wrestling, which the WAC does not sponsor. No school has left the Pac-12 since its founding as the AAWU in 1959, two members of the PCC were not invited to join the AAWU or its successors. As private schools, Stanford and USC are not obligated to publish employees salaries, Eight of the twelve member schools are members of the Association of American Universities, including all of the conferences California schools. The only FBS conference with more AAU members is the Big Ten with 13 out of 14 member institutions having AAU membership, in 2014, of the twelve member schools, nine were ranked in the top 100 universities in the world. Total revenue includes ticket sales, contributions and donations, rights/licensing, student fees, school funds and all sources including TV income, camp income, food. Updated to show institutional reporting to the Department of Education as shown on the DOE Equity in Athletics website for the 2013-14 academic year, the national ranking of revenue is based on 2075 institutions reporting to the Department of Education that year. The roots of the Pac-12 Conference go back to December 2,1915, charter members were the University of California, the University of Washington, the University of Oregon, and Oregon Agricultural College. The conference began play in 1916, one year later, Washington State College joined the league, followed by Stanford University in 1918. In 1922, the PCC expanded to eight teams with the admission of USC, Montana joined the Conference in 1924, and in 1928, the PCC grew to 10 members with the addition of UCLA

13.
California Memorial Stadium
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California Memorial Stadium is an outdoor football stadium on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley in Berkeley, California. Commonly known as Memorial Stadium, it is the field for the University of California Golden Bears of the Pac-12 Conference. The venue opened in 1923 and currently seats around 63,000 fans for football, the playing field runs NW-SE, at an elevation of 410 feet above sea level, and was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on November 27,2006. The stadium is located on the Hayward Fault, which passes directly under the playing field, Memorial Stadium was funded from public contributions, as a memorial to Californians who lost their lives in World War I. The chair of the committee was John Galen Howard, the universitys chief architect. This has earned it a reputation as one of the most scenic venues in college football, on February 14,1885, the first football game was played on the University of California campus between the hometown Bears and a football club from San Francisco known as the Merions. The field was located where the Valley Life Sciences Building currently stands, in subsequent years, the field was officially named West Field and was expanded to hold around 5,000 spectators. However, by 1904, Californias football team had become so popular that West Field became too small, therefore, California Field opened its doors in 1904 to replace the antiquated West Field and the boosted capacity allowed California to host important games for the first time. The new stadium was located closer to the center of campus and was able to draw unprecedented crowds for the time. California Field is also notable because it is many of Californias longstanding traditions began to take form. In 1910, the first card stunt was performed at the Big Game and after victories, California Field is also where the Golden Bears gained national prominence under head coach Andrew Latham Smith. Four of the Bears five consecutive undefeated seasons were played at California Field, because of this success, it became evident that California needed an even larger venue to host its football team, therefore, the team and its fans began pushing for a new stadium. The early 1920s saw four major collegiate venues open in the State of California, Stanford Stadium, the Rose Bowl, the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, and California Memorial Stadium. One of the first proposals for a new stadium was on the corner of the campus where Edwards Stadium. This proposal was rejected and the regents settled on a site at the mouth of Strawberry Canyon. The location caused controversy, but the popularity of Andy Smiths Wonder Teams prevailed. WIth the funding secured, the university broke ground in January 1923 hoping to open the new stadium in time for the 1923 Big Game. Both teams were having a season in 1923 with California going undefeated up to that point

14.
California Golden Bears
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The California Golden Bears are the athletic teams that represent the University of California, Berkeley. Over the course of the history, California has won team national titles in 13 mens and 3 womens sports and 104 team titles overall. Cal athletes have competed in the Olympics for a host of different countries. Notable facilities used by the Bears include California Memorial Stadium and Haas Pavilion, Cal finished the 2010–11 athletic season with 1,219.50 points, earning third place in the Directors Cup standings, the Golden Bears highest finish ever. Cal did not receive any points for its national championships in rugby, Cal finished 12th in the 2014-15 standings. In 2014, Cal instituted a strict standard for an athletes admission to the university. Cal Berkeley sponsors varsity teams in 14 mens and 16 womens sports, Notes As of December 4,2016, the program has also produced numerous NFL stars, including Aaron Rodgers, Ryan Longwell, Marshawn Lynch, DeSean Jackson, Desmond Bishop, and Jahvid Best. Tony Gonzalez, the NFLs all-time receptions leader among tight ends, head coach Justin Wilcox began his tenure in 2017. The California mens basketball team has represented the University of California intercollegiately since 1907, Cal basketballs home court is Haas Pavilion, which was constructed atop of the old Harmon Gymnasium using money donated in the late 1990s in part by the owners of Levi-Strauss. The program has seen throughout the years culminating in a national championship in 1959 under legendary coach Pete Newell and have reached the final four two other times in 1946 and 1960. The 1926–27 team finished the season with a 17–0 record and was named the national champion by the Premo-Porretta Power Poll. The current head coach of the California mens basketball program is Cuonzo Martin, some notable NBA players that spent time playing in Berkeley include Jason Kidd, Kevin Johnson, and Darrall Imhoff. The Cal baseball team plays at Evans Diamond, located between Haas Pavilion, the Recreational Sports Facility, and Edwards Track Stadium. Cal has appeared in the post-season a total of nine times, including five times in the College World Series, shortstop Geoff Blum of Cals 1992 College World Series team hit the game-winning home run in the 14th inning of a 2005 World Series game for the Chicago White Sox. In September 2010, the university announced that baseball would be one of five sports cut as a cost-cutting measure, however, in April 2011, after receiving more than $9 million in pledges from supporters of the program, the program was reinstated. Mens bowling was an intercollegiate sport at the University of California in the 1970s and won a national championship in 1979. The first significant coach in Cal mens crew was Carroll Ky Ebright, during his tenure, Cal crew became known for success on both the collegiate and the international levels. Cal would represent the United States at two other Olympic games and winning the gold each time, the 1932 and 1948 Summer Games

15.
Pac-12 Network
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Pac-12 Network is an American sports-oriented digital cable and satellite television network that is owned by the Pac-12 Conference. The networks studio and production facilities are headquartered in San Francisco and it is the third sports network to be devoted to a specific collegiate athletic conference and the first to be owned by a conference outright without support from outside companies. The networks feature 24-hour coverage of Pac-12 sanctioned sporting events, including olympic sports as well as broadcasts of archived sports telecasts, the contract ensures that every football and mens basketball game is televised nationally. Sports not featured on the national Pac-12 Network are instead carried through the networks as well as on the Pac-12 Digital Network. The infrastructure of the Pac-12 Networks,12 member institutions and CMCs operations in Denver, master control origination services, including compression and satellite front-haul services, satellite receiver authorizations, and disaster recovery are also run through the CMC in Denver. The Pac-12 Networks produce telecasts of roughly 850 collegiate events each year, the national network includes 35 football games,100 mens basketball games and 40 womens basketball games on an annual basis. The Pac-12 national network also features all spring football games, coaches shows, the Pac-12 network has also shown rugby matches played by schools from the PAC Rugby Conference, even though college rugby is not a sport sanctioned by the NCAA. Presidents, chancellors, and professors supply additional context, providing viewers a unique and poignant look at the history, culture. The agreements did not guarantee that the Pac-12 Networks would be available in all areas within the territory of a Pac-12 university, the agreements complimented a 12-year deal that the Pac-12 Conference had struck with Fox Sports and ESPN that began in 2012. In addition, the network entered into extended negotiations with satellite providers, as of September 7,2013, the Pac-12 Network has not yet signed carriage deals with DirecTV, Charter Communications and Verizon FiOS. On July 28,2012, Frontier Communications announced on one of its official Facebook accounts that the company would carry the channel on Frontier FiOS TV, the deal was officially announced on August 1,2012. Several smaller providers reached carriage agreements with the network during the month of August 2012, on August 1, Oregon-based cable providers BendBroadband announced an intention to carry the Pac-12 Network as well as the Pac-12 Digital Network on their bendbroadband2go TV Everywhere platform. Two days later on August 3,2012, Arizona-based Western Broadband, on August 6, Astound Broadband announced an intention to carry the Pac-12 Bay Area Network. A day later on August 7, Wave Broadband announced an intention to carry the Pac-12 Bay Area, Oregon, on August 8,2012, CC Communications announced its intent to carry the Pac-12 National Network and one Pac-12 regional channel. Network also revealed on their official Facebook page that it would carry the Pac-12 Network, on August 21,2012, Canby Telecom announced an intention to carry the Pac-12 National Network as well as all Pac-12 regional networks. On September 8,2012, Dish Network announced that it would carry the Pac-12 National Network starting on September 8, on February 1,2016, however, Pac-12 restricted access to the regional channels for DISH subscribers. On September 6,2013, Pac-12 Networks entered into a deal with AT&T U-verse to carry the main feed on channel 759. As of 2015, the Pac-12 Networks were available in 90 million homes, Pac-12 Now is available through web browsers, mobile and iOS devices, with content accessible via a login through a pay television provider

16.
UC Berkeley College of Chemistry
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The UC Berkeley College of Chemistry is one of 14 schools and colleges at the University of California, Berkeley. It houses the departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, as of 2012-13, it has 815 undergraduates,526 graduate students, and 187 postdoctoral fellows. The Department of Chemistry is one of the largest and most productive in the world and it hosts 6 of the top 100 chemists worldwide by citation impact for 2000–2010, tied with MIT for the most of any institution. First established in 1872, the college awarded its first Ph. D. in 1885 to John Stillman, a Division of Chemical Engineering was established in 1946, becoming a department in 1957. The Department of Chemical Engineering changed its name to Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering in 2010 to reflect the focus of its faculty in the 21st century. The College offers three degrees, chemical engineering, chemistry, and chemical biology. Chemistry undergrads in the College of Chemistry also have the option to earn a B. A. in chemistry from the College of Letters, two double major programs with the College of Engineering exist, chemical engineering and materials science and engineering, and chemical engineering and nuclear engineering. Popular undergraduate courses such as Chem 4A and Chem 112A are taught by College of Chemistry faculty, graduate programs include the M. S. and Ph. D. in chemical engineering and Ph. D. in chemistry. 3 members of the faculty have been awarded the National Medal of Science, the College of Chemistry is located on the east side of the UC Berkeley campus. It includes Gilman Hall, a National Historic Landmark, where plutonium was first identified in 1941, pimentel Hall is one of the largest lecture halls on campus, and features a revolving stage to allow for setup of chemistry demos. The buildings of the College are linked by a network of underground hallways, tsien - Professor, Nobel laureate Harold C. Urey - Nobel laureate Henry Eyring - - National Medal of Science Willis Lamb - Nobel laureate in Physics Henry Taube - Nobel laureate Gordon Moore - cofounder of Intel Robert F. Curl, Jr

17.
UC Berkeley College of Engineering
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The College of Engineering is one of 14 schools and colleges at the University of California, Berkeley. Ranked third in the world, after the programs at MIT and Stanford, according to U. S. News & World Report. The college was established in 1931 from a merger of the Colleges of Mechanics, the College of Mining was integrated into the college in 1942. The college is situated in 14 buildings on the northeast side of the central campus. There are over 57,000 living graduates of the College of Engineering, living in all 50 states and nearly 100 countries, berkeleys chemical engineering department is under the College of Chemistry. There are approximately 3,200 undergraduates in the College of Engineering, representing all departments, undergraduate admissions to the College of Engineering is the most selective in the university as a whole. For the 2016-2017 application cycle, the rate has continued to stay at a low 8. 4%. The campus as a whole had a 17. 5% acceptance rate that year, applicants apply directly to one of the departments and enter as declared majors within their department. It is also possible to apply as Engineering Undeclared and enter the college, once within the college, it is possible to change majors with the approval of Engineering Student Services. It is extremely difficult for undergraduates in colleges at UC Berkeley to change college into Engineering. The College of Engineering accepts junior transfer applications for those who have completed at least 60 semester units at another college or university, preference is given to students at California Community Colleges. Only 9. 2% of the over 2,300 junior transfer applicants were admitted for the 2015-16 academic year. Dean Shankar Sastry has stated that the disparity between the colleges and the universitys acceptance rates is due to the failure to respond to the rise in demand for engineering degrees. 85% of undergraduates admitted to the college graduate from the college, the college has a 4-year graduation policy, with extra semesters approved only in certain cases. Engineering Student Services provides academic advising, peer tutoring, and career services to engineering students, various student organizations are run in conjunction with the college, including Pioneers in Engineering, Hackers @ Berkeley, Berkeley Engineers and Mentors, and the Open Computing Facility. Many students belong to the student chapters of their corresponding professional organizations, graduate admissions in the College of Engineering is administered by department. In Fall 2015, there were 492.5 masters and 1,337 doctorate students in the college, the colleges enrollment is approximately 26% women. Although the proportion of women has increased over time, issues of gender disparity in the college remain, according to a 2011 survey, female engineers reported a high number of instances of passive harassment, discrimination, and judgment

18.
UC Berkeley College of Environmental Design
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The College of Environmental Design, also known as the Berkeley CED, or simply CED, is one of 14 schools and colleges at the University of California, Berkeley. The school is located in Wurster Hall on the southeast corner of the main UC Berkeley campus. S. the Graduate Program in Architecture is currently ranked No.4 in the world through QS World University Rankings subject rankings. The Architecture program has also recognized as the top public program by the journal DesignIntelligence and is currently ranked No.6 in the United States. The Urban Planning program is currently ranked No.2 by Planetizen, the School of Architecture at Berkeley was developed by John Galen Howard in 1894 followed by the School of Landscape Architecture which began instruction in 1913 and City Planning in 1948. Originally, the school was located in North Gate Hall, Wurster Hall, the building which currently houses the college was built in 1964 and was designed by Joseph Esherick, Vernon DeMars, and Donald Olsen, members of the CED faculty. In March 2015, the college unveiled a 9 high 3D printed sculpture, entitled Bloom and this was the first printed structure of its type. Center for the Built Environment UrbanSim Official website

19.
UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science
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The College of Letters and Science is the largest of the 14 colleges at the University of California, Berkeley and encompasses the liberal arts. The college was established in its present state in 1915 with the merger of the College of Letters, the College of Social Science, as of the 2013-14 academic year, there were about 19,000 undergraduates and 2,763 graduate students enrolled in the college. L&S is organized into five divisions, Arts and Humanities, Biological Science, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Social Sciences, of the graduate divisions, Social Sciences is the most popular, followed by Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Arts and Humanities, and Biological Science. The Undergraduate Division serves the 19,000 undergraduate students in L&S, each division has its own administration, including a dean, associate dean, and assistant deans. Mark Richards, dean of the Division of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, serves as the Colleges executive dean, L&S has about 800 faculty members, including 13 Nobel laureates,3 Pulitzer Prize winners, and 12 MacArthur Fellows. The majority of undergraduates at the University are enrolled in the College of Letters, although freshman applicants indicate an area of interest on their applications, all freshmen in L&S enter as undeclared majors. This contrasts with other colleges at UC Berkeley, such as the College of Engineering. L&S undergraduates must declare a major before they begin their junior year, capped majors are impacted and have more stringent declaration policies. All undergraduates in L&S must complete classes in reading & composition, quantitative reasoning, foreign language, L&S offers a wide variety of graduate programs, including masters and doctorate programs. Many of these programs are ranked within the top five in their field by U. S. News, two programs, Jewish Studies and Near Eastern Religions, are joint programs with the Graduate Theological Union in Berkeley. One program, Medical Anthropology, is a joint program with UCSF, the L&S graduate division serves 87 masters/first professional students and 2,676 doctoral students as of Fall 2013

20.
UC Berkeley College of Natural Resources
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The College of Natural Resources is the oldest college in the UC system. D. Programs and in International Trade, #1 by the National Research Council in Agricultural & Resource Economics, QS World Rankings recognizes the University of California, Berkeley, as the worlds leading university in Environmental Studies with 100 points in Academic Reputation. U. S. News also ranks it as the best global university for environment, a study of AJAE authors and their university affiliations found it to have the highest number of pages per research faculty member. Established in 1868 as the College of Agriculture under the federal Morrill Land-Grant Acts, missionaries sent west by the Home Mission Society of New York, however, created the College of California and eventually transferred its ownership to the State in 1855. By 1862, the State had secured the necessary to establish a college as a result of the Morrill Act. This college was known as the Agricultural Mining and Mechanical Arts College, on March 23,1868, Governor H. H. Haight combined the resources of this college with the College of California to create the first University of California. The Board of Regents began admitting women to the University of California in 1871, the College of Natural Resources is located on the northwest end of the UC Berkeley campus, and is composed of six buildings. It includes the group of Wellman, Hilgrad, and Giannini halls that composed the original college. This trio, known as the Agriculture Complex, is the most unified grouping of buildings on campus and they are on the National Register of Historic Places, and are visually unified by a Mediterranean landscape of olive and stone pine trees. Hilgrad was constructed six years later by the architect, and named after Eugene W. Hilgrad, professor of Agricultural Chemistry. Its neo-classical design is inscribed with the phrase To Rescue for Human Society the Native Values of Rural Life, Giannini Hall was designed by Howards co-worker, William Charles Hays, through an endowment from the Bancitaly Corporation in memory of their founder, Amadeo Giannini. Admissions to AREs graduate program are competitive, with an acceptance rate of 8. 8%. ARE offers one major, Bachelor of Science in Environmental Economics. Admissions to ESPMs graduate program are competitive, with an acceptance rate of 8. 75%. ESPM graduates may earn a Ph. D. in Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, ESPM also offers five undergraduate majors, Conservation and Resource Studies, Environmental Sciences, Forestry and Natural Resources, Molecular Environmental Biology, and Society and Environment. NST offers doctoral degrees in Molecular and Biochemical Nutrition, as well as in Molecular Toxicology, the department oversees one undergraduate major program in Nutritional Sciences, with specialized tracks in Physiology & Metabolism, Dietetics, and Molecular Toxicology. Plant and Microbial Biology encompasses theoretical and applied research in ecology, computational biology, genomics, host-microbe interactions, physiology and it offers a Ph. D. in Plant or Microbial Biology, and oversees two similarly named undergraduate major programs

21.
Goldman School of Public Policy
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The Richard and Rhoda Goldman School of Public Policy is a public policy school and one of 14 schools and colleges at the University of California, Berkeley. Originally named the Graduate School of Public Policy, it was founded in 1969 as one of the first public institutions in the United States. In 2016, the Goldman School was ranked as the #1 public policy program in the country by US News. The Graduate School was renamed after the Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund donated $10 million in 1997, as of August 2016, the dean is Henry Brady. The first dean was political scientist Aaron Wildavsky, the building was originally designed by Ernest Coxhead in 1893 as the Beta Theta Pi fraternity house. It is located on the north side of the Berkeley campus. The building underwent seismic strengthening and received a Preservation Award from the Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association, the main component of the schools graduate curriculum is the two-year Master of Public Policy program. The curriculum also includes five electives, taken either at GSPP or elsewhere at Berkeley, students work at a summer policy internship between their first and second years and complete an analysis, in groups and individually, during the spring semester of each year. Locally- and nationally-known policy professionals, provide perspective and guidance to students, GSPP not only offers the Master of Public Policy degree but also a Ph. D. for those interested in furthering research in public policy methods. Though it does not award degrees, it offers a minor program for undergraduates. The Goldman School of Public Policy also offers a Master of Public Affairs, Goldman Environmental Prize Cloyne Court Hotel Official website

22.
Haas School of Business
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The Walter A. Haas School of Business, also known as the Haas School of Business or simply Haas, is one of 14 schools and colleges at the University of California, Berkeley. The school is situated in three connected buildings surrounding a courtyard on the southeastern corner of the Berkeley campus. The final design of architect Charles Moore, the mini-campus was completed in 1995, the school is planning to expand its facilities with a new commons building shared with the Berkeley School of Law. It consistently ranks as one of the top ten schools in worldwide rankings published by The Economist, Financial Times, US News & World Report. The Haas School of Business was first established as the College of Commerce of the University of California in 1898, the University of California charter, adopted in 1868, included among its goals the study of commerce. Hallidie and George T. Marye Jr. later proposed the establishment of a College of Commerce, the new college was founded on September 13,1898, when Cora Jane Flood, daughter of industrialist and University of California Regent James C. Flood, donated land to the University specifically to support the study of commerce, the school was the third collegiate business school in the United States and the first at a public university. The college’s first faculty included some American pioneers in the field of business. Simon Litman taught the first course in marketing between 1902 and 1908, adolph Miller, who was the Flood Professor of the Political Economy and Commerce from 1903 to 1915, later served on the first Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Wesley Clair Mitchell, who taught at Berkeley from 1905 to 1913, is known as the father of the business cycle analysis, Charles Staehling taught accounting at the college from 1921–51 and was known for adding a theoretical framework to the praxis-oriented teaching of accounting principles. Henry Mowbray, who taught from 1910 to 1948, wrote the first college textbook on insurance, the College of Commerce was founded in the liberal arts tradition, drawing on faculty from other disciplines on campus. Plehn was appointed the first Dean of the new college in 1898, plehn, a finance professor educated in Germany, drafted the colleges first curriculum for a Bachelor of Science degree. Plehn proposed changes to the curriculum in 1915 to give it a professional focus. Henry Rand Hatfield, a pioneer in accounting and an early entrant in the Accounting Hall of Fame, became the second Dean of the college in 1916, Hatfield had been hired by the University of California in 1904 as the first full-time accounting professor in the country. Hatfield played a role in the founding of the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business. He also published the first paper in the United States on accounting theory, as Dean, Hatfield sought to increase the reputation of the College of Commerce by bringing scholars from the East Coast to teach during summer sessions. In 1925, the colleges third Dean, Stuart Daggett, instituted a two-year Master of Science degree, the schools fourth Dean, Henry Francis Grady, was appointed in 1928. Grady went on leave from 1934 to 1936 to become an advisor to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the fifth Dean, Robert Calkins, succeeded Grady, but left within a few years to become the Dean of the Columbia Business School

23.
UC Berkeley Graduate School of Education
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The Graduate School of Education specializes in teacher training and education research. The Graduate School of Education occupies the east wing of Tolman Hall, located in the northwest area of the UC Berkeley campus. ”In 1913, UC Regents would establish the School of Education, with educator Alexis F. Lange presiding as the schools first dean. Over the next few decades, Doctoral, Masters, and Credential programs would develop, along with an outgrowth of other notable research initiatives, programs, fellowships, and institutes. Among these programs and institutes, came the establishment of the National Writing Project, the school has Masters Degree and Ph. D. programs which are contained within three Areas of Study and grouped by Degree and Credential objectives. All four Credential programs include an M. A. degree, all graduate programs stress the integration of theory with practical application. Researchers and classroom professionals work together to develop solutions to the challenges in education that require collaborative efforts across disciplines. For California resident graduate students, the fees for the 2012-2013 academic year are $7,589.75 per semester, for nonresidents and international students and these fees include a health insurance fee of $1,153 per semester. Health insurance fees may be waived if resident and nonresident graduate students provide verification that they have health insurance coverage. Fees for the Summer Sessions vary according to the number of units taken and are the same for resident, nonresident, all fees are subject to change. The U. S. News & World Report ranked UC Berkeleys Graduate School of Education 7th among top schools of education in the United States in 2008, the 2011 rankings placed the school at 12th place. The recent drop in rankings may be attributed to substantial program cuts that the Graduate School of Education has sustained over the past few years. W. Norton Grubb III - American author, educational economist, isiah Thomas, NBA Hall of Famer, philanthropist, and broadcaster Official website

24.
UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism
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The UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism is a graduate professional school on the campus of University of California, Berkeley. It is among the top journalism schools in the United States. The program is located in UC Berkeleys North Gate Hall, near the intersection of Euclid and Hearst Avenues in Berkeley, as of January 1,2013, it is being served by dean Edward Wasserman, a former Knight professor of journalism ethics at Washington and Lee University. Wasserman replaced professor Neil Henry, who stepped down from his position in August 2011 for medical reasons. Most courses offered by the school are on the graduate level, the school enrolls approximately 100 students,50 first-year and 50 second-year students, and is one of the smallest academic units on the campus of UC Berkeley. The school serves host to, or sponsors, a number of events, notable speakers from around the world have shared their insights on current events in the media. Recent speakers have included Bill Clinton, Al Gore, Robert McNamara, Hans Blix, George Soros, Cokie Roberts, Paul Krugman, Dan Rather, Bob Woodruff, Ira Glass, the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism focuses on thirteen areas of journalism. The school has stated a clear mission of providing students a hands-on approach to journalism, print, or written journalism, is often considered the foundation of all news media, and teaches students the fundamentals in news gathering and production for a mass audience. Stories written by students are published in one of three hyperlocal news websites that are run by the school, MissionLocal, OaklandNorth and RichmondConfidential, michael Pollan, John S. and James L. China expert and author Orville Schell served as dean of the school from 1996 to the summer of 2007, before Schell, Thomas Goldstein served as dean from 1988 until he left to become the dean of Columbia Universitys Graduate School of Journalism. He stepped down from position after five years, despite being credited for increasing endowments for that school from $54 million to $84 million over his short stint there. He is currently teaching a writing class at UC Berkeleys Graduate School of Journalism. Pulitzer Prize-winning American media critic Ben Bagdikian also served as a past dean of the UC Berkeleys Graduate School of Journalism. In 1981, actress Carol Burnett won a $1.6 million libel award from The National Enquirer over an article that she said implied she had been intoxicated in a Washington restaurant. She donated a portion of that to the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism saying she hoped the suit would teach aspiring journalists the dangers of defaming individuals in articles, the money was used to fund law and ethics courses. The UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism is housed in North Gate Hall and it is located immediately southeast of the intersection of Euclid and Hearst avenues in Berkeley, Calif. on the campus of UC Berkeley. The name is derived from the area in front of the school called North Gate. It serves as the northern most entrance of the primary University compound, and is opposite to Sather Gate, North Gate Hall was built in 1904 as a 1, 800-square-foot building known at the time as the Ark to house the architectural department

25.
UC Berkeley School of Optometry
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The University of California, Berkeley, School of Optometry is an optometry school in the United States. Berkeley Optometry offers a graduate-level, four-year professional program leading to the Doctor of Optometry degree, the School also offers a one-year, ACOE-accredited residency program in clinical optometry specialties. The curriculum at Berkeley Optometry is designed to provide clinical training as well as instruction in the science of vision. Students are trained to be primary eye and vision care providers, which includes comprehensive eye examinations and the diagnosis, treatment, applicants to Berkeley Optometry must have a bachelors degree and complete undergraduate general science courses. Berkeley Optometry operates its teaching clinics on a twelve-month basis, students begin their training full-time in the first year with vision science and optometry courses. They are also enrolled in preclinical laboratories in years 1-2, beginning their training on the first day of the first year, students have their initial clinic supervision in direct patient care in the summer following their second year. Third-year students continue to take didactic instruction but spend more than half their time in clinical training, fourth-year students train full-time in clinical rotations locally and throughout the United States. Berkeley Optometrys Meredith Morgan University Eye Center is a health care center that provides vision services to over 80,000 patients per year. These patients are divided across the age spectrum, on average, each student has more than 2,500 individual patient encounters by the time of graduation, covering every eye care specialty. Berkeley Optometry established its first off-campus Residency Program in 1978 when it affiliated with the Kansas City Veterans Administration Medical Center, the inaugural on-campus residency training program began in 1983. The program provides each resident with mentored postgraduate education and clinical training in one or two specialty areas of optometric practice, on-campus residents are expected to treat patients and teach or supervise in general or specialty clinics. They also have teaching responsibilities and must give case presentations, as well as submit publishable-quality clinical case or research papers, in 2010 Berkeley Optometry established its first Joint Residency/MS Program by offering a two-year masters degree. Designed for optometry residents, the Joint Residency/MS in Vision Science Program prepares clinicians for careers in teaching, academic and industry research, postdoctoral students complete an Optometry Residency and a Master’s research thesis. In the first year, OD residents focus on advanced clinical education, during the second year, residents move from patient care to the laboratory to continue their research project under the supervision of Vision Science faculty. Upon completion, residents receive an Optometry Residency Certificate and an MS in Vision Science, the Physiological Optics Graduate Program began in 1946, granting its first MS and PhD degrees in 1950. Advances in understanding the brain and the system, along with substantial improvements in instrumentation. Berkeley Optometry is funded by the National Eye Institute in support of training in clinical research. Thus trainees in the Berkeley Clinical Scientist Development Program have professional clinical degrees, the University of California Clinical Research Center in the School of Optometry works with industry, foundations, and government to design and evaluate innovations in patient vision care

26.
UC Berkeley School of Public Health
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The University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health, commonly called the UC Berkeley School of Public Health, is one of 14 schools and colleges at the University of California, Berkeley. Established in 1943, it was the first school of public health west of the Mississippi River, the school is currently accredited by the Council on Education for Public Health. The School of Public Health has its origins in the Department of Hygiene and it was Karl F. Meyer, however, whose compelling 1930s Public Health curriculum demonstrated a pressing need for a school devoted to the study and practice of public health. The result was AB515, signed into law by Governor Earl Warren in 1943, shortly thereafter, in 1944, the UC Berkeley School of Public Health held its first commencement. It was accredited by the American Public Health Association two years later, becoming the only accredited school of public health west of the Mississippi River. In 1955, the school was relocated to be closer to the health department. The baccalaureate degree program continued, but the school began to devote much of its resources to graduate training, at this point, graduate enrollment hovered near 100 students. It soon trebled to 335 students in the mid-1960s, with an annual conferment of around 150 degrees, in 2011, the school enrolled 410 students and graduated 207. Among those graduated,160 received a Master of Public Health,8 received a Master of Arts, Berkeley also offers a joint MD/MPH with the Stanford University School of Medicine. US News and World Report ranks UC Berkeleys Master of Public Health program 8th in the nation, gordon Belcourt, former Executive Director of the Montana-Wyoming Tribal Leaders Council, named a Public Health Hero by the Berkeley School of Public Health in 2003. Susan Desmond-Hellmann, Chancellor of the University of California, San Francisco and incoming chief executive officer of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

27.
UC Berkeley School of Social Welfare
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The School of Social Welfare of the University of California, Berkeley, is located in Haviland Hall on the UC Berkeley campus. Its focus is preparing social work professionals for the public and nonprofit sectors and it offers an Undergraduate Group Major in Social Welfare along with the College of Letters and Science, the M. S. W. and the Ph. D. The school has its own library, founded in 1957, which contains approximately 34,400 volumes and 200 active serial titles, undergraduates majoring in social welfare belong to the College of Letters and Science, while the major is administered by the School of Social Welfare. Social welfare as a major in L&S is capped at 130 students. As of fall 2013, there are 30 doctoral and 177 masters/first professional students in the School, students have the opportunity to participate in field education, in which they complete an internship for an agency related to their career goals. The School maintains 9 research units, whose focuses include child services, family welfare, and social conflict

28.
UC Berkeley School of Law
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The University of California, Berkeley, School of Law, commonly referred to as Berkeley Law and Boalt Hall, is one of 14 schools and colleges at the University of California, Berkeley. Berkeley Law is consistently ranked as one of the top law schools in the nation, with rates lower than every school except Yale. William Miller, Solicitor General of the United States Theodore Olson, the Department of Jurisprudence was founded at Berkeley in 1894. In 1912, the department was renamed the School of Jurisprudence, in 1951, the School moved to its current location in the new Boalt Hall, at the southeast corner of the campus, and the old Boalt Hall was renamed Durant Hall. In April 2008, the law school rebranded itself, through a change of name from Boalt Hall to Berkeley Law to tie the law schools more closely with the campus upon which it resides. The administration hopes that this will improve the law schools name recognition since people know of UC Berkeley. Boalt Hall has approximately 850 J. D. students,200 students in the LL. M. and J. S. D, programs, and 45 students in the Ph. D. program in Jurisprudence and Social Policy. The JD programs admissions process is highly selective, Berkeley Law is known to value high undergraduate GPAs. Consequently, Berkeley has the 9th highest 75th percentile GPA, according to U. S. News and World Report, Berkeley has the 12th lowest acceptance rate among U. S. law schools, with about 25% of applicants admitted. For the class entering in the fall of 2016,1,328 out of 5,336 applicants were offered admission, the 25th and 75th LSAT percentiles for the 2016 entering class were 163 and 169, respectively, with a median of 166. The 25th and 75th undergraduate GPA percentiles were 3.65 and 3.89, respectively, boalts grading system for the JD program is unusual among law schools. Students are graded on a High Honors, Honors, and Pass scale, the top student in each class or section receives the Jurisprudence Award, while the second-place student receives the Prosser Prize. For a typical class in the JD program, the age of admitted students is 24 years old. Berkeley Laws tuition has increased in recent years, currently, tuition and fees are $48,703 per year and $52,654 per year. Most out-of-state students may claim in-state status in their year of study. The faculty of Berkeley Law also provide direction and the bulk of the instruction for the undergraduate program in Legal Studies. The Legal Studies program is not intended as a pre-law program and it is an American Bar Association approved law school since 1923. It joined the Association of American Law Schools in 1912, Boalt Hall offers combined degree programs with other schools at the University of California, as well as MA degrees from Tufts University and Harvard University

29.
California Golden Bears baseball
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The California Golden Bears baseball team represents the University of California in NCAA Division I college baseball. Along with most other California athletic teams, the team participates in the Pac-12 Conference. The Bears play their games at Evans Diamond, and they are currently coached by David Esquer. The Bears have appeared in the NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament 13 times and they have won two National Championships, at the first College World Series in 1947 and again in 1957. In 2010, the university announced that baseball would be one of five sports cut as a cost-cutting measure, however, in April 2011, after receiving more than $9 million in pledges from supporters of the program, the program was reinstated. Even donors from Stanford University, Californias biggest rival, pitched in to save the Golden Bears baseball team

30.
California Golden Bears men's basketball
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The California Golden Bears basketball team is the college basketball team of the University of California, Berkeley. The program has seen throughout the years, culminating in a national championship in 1959 under coach Pete Newell. The current head coach is Cuonzo Martin, who began his tenure in 2014, the team plays its home games at Haas Pavilion, which was built on top of the old Harmon Gymnasium using money donated in part by the owners of Levi-Strauss. The arena was known as Mens Gymnasium and then later Harmon Gymnasium until the late 1990s when it went through renovations which displaced the team for two seasons. The Golden Bears first played basketball intercollegiately in 1907 and began conference play in 1915. The 1920s was the dominant decade for Cal basketball, as the Bears won 6 conference titles under coaches E. H. Wright, Cal was retroactively recognized as the pre-NCAA Tournament national champion for the 1926–27 season by the Premo-Porretta Power Poll. Cal reached the pinnacle of the sport during the tenure of Pete Newell, the Golden Bears earned the conference title four out of his five years and in 1959, won the NCAA title. In Newells last year, Cal came close to another NCAA title, the fortunes of Cal mens basketball would never be the same after Newell. The next quarter-century would mostly be a one for the program, despite having players such as Butch Hays. From 1960 to 1985, the Bears tallied only two winning seasons in conference play, lou Campanelli served as head coach from 1986 -1993. The highlight of this era was a 75–67 victory over UCLA in 1986 that ended a 25-year,52 game losing streak to the Bruins. Campanelli in his first season took the Golden Bears to the 1986 National Invitation Tournament, in 1990, Campanelli led the Golden Bears to their first NCAA Tournament in 30 years. Cal also won the 1999 National Invitation Tournament, with a thrilling 61-60 victory over Clemson in the title game, in 2006, the Golden Bears reached their first Pacific Life Pac-10 Mens Basketball Tournament championship game. Despite Californias 71-52 loss to UCLA in the game, Powe was named Most Valuable Player for the tournament. From 1996–2008, under Ben Braun, Cal qualified for the NCAA tournament three times in the 2000s and six times overall. However, after finishing near the bottom of the Pac-10 for the second straight year, the former coach of rival Stanford, Mike Montgomery, succeeded Braun. In his first year the Bears finished tied for third in the Pac-10 and made it to the NCAA Tournament, in Montgomerys second season, the Bears won their first conference title in 50 years. They were able to one-up their previous season by winning their first round matchup against the Louisville Cardinals but fell to the national champions, Duke

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California Golden Bears women's basketball
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The California Golden Bears womens basketball team is the womens college basketball team of the University of California, Berkeley. The program has been to the NCAA tournament a total of nine times, the current head coach is Lindsay Gottlieb, who began her tenure in 2011. The team plays its games at Haas Pavilion, which was built on top of the old Harmon Gymnasium using money donated in part by the owners of Levi-Strauss. The arena was known as Mens Gymnasium and then later Harmon Gymnasium until the late 1990s when it went through massive renovations which displaced the team for two seasons. The first season of basketball at Cal was played from 1972–1973. The longest tenured coach in Cal history was Gooch Foster, who captained the team from 1979 to 1996, Cal was quite successful during this period, it won the conference twice in a row, and had 11 winning seasons. Since the early 1990s and through the early 2000s, however, success had been hard to come by,25 ranking in the final USA Today–ESPN womens basketball poll, and Boyle and Devannei Hampton receiving Pac-10 Coach and Player of the Year trophies, respectively. In 2007–08, Cal tied the 1983–84 Bears for the most wins in school history, the Bears have been ranked as high as 8th in the national polls and set a Pac-10 record attendance in womens basketball with 10,525 witnessing Cals 60-58 loss to Stanford at Haas Pavilion. 2008-09 was another season for Cal women, as the team led by seniors Ashley Walker. They went up against the undefeated UConn Huskies and even had a lead in the opening minutes. In 2008, California traveled to St. Thomas to participate in the Paradise Jam Tournament, in a first round game 3rd ranked California took on South Florida and won easily, 85–55. In the second round California played Texas Tech and won 68–54, on the final day, California easily beat Iowa 76–43 to go undefeated and win the 2008 Paradise Jam Championship Californias Ashley Walker won the Tournament MVP. In 2009-10 the Bears brought in a top 10 recruiting class to make up for the losses of Walker, the young Bears had an up and down year, going 6-5 in non-conference play including a home loss to nearby San Jose State. After an 0-3 conference start that left them two games under.500, the Bears started to find their form, going 12-5 the rest of the way including the Pac-10 tournament. However, the second success was not enough for an NCAA tournament bid. Although Alexis Gray-Lawson had to sit out the NIT opener because of an injury suffered in the Pac-10 tournament, the Bears edged UC Davis in overtime. Gray-Lawson returned for round 2, and the Bears romped through the games against Utah, Oregon, BYU, Illinois State. Gray-Lawson ended her career as the all-time Cal leader in three points made and games played, the 2012 -2013 season started with high expectations with almost the entire team returning and the Bears were ranked #13 in the AP pre-season poll, their highest ranking since 2009

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California Golden Bears football
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The California Golden Bears football team is the college football team of the University of California, Berkeley. The team plays its games at California Memorial Stadium. Memorial Stadium was built to honor Berkeley alumni, students, and other Californians who died in World War I, Memorial Stadium was named one of the 40 best college football stadiums by the Sporting News. Football was first played on the Berkeley campus in 1882, albeit in a form that resembled rugby and it was not until 1886 that American football began play. It played its first annual rivalry game – known as The Big Game – against Stanford University in 1892 and this became one of oldest College rivalry games in the United States. Football was put on hiatus in 1906 when it was decided by the Theodore Roosevelt administration that American football was too dangerous a sport, Football returned for good in 1915 and Cal has fielded a team in every year since. The 1920s saw the first golden age of California football, as the Golden Bears went 50 straight games without a defeat from 1920 to 1925, as of 2010, this is the third-longest unbeaten streak in NCAA history. The 1920–1924 squads were so dominant that they were nicknamed The Wonder Teams and he is considered to be the greatest football coach in Golden Bears history. He is famous for his strategy of kick and wait for the breaks. Dying in 1925 with his University of California 10-year record of 74 wins,16 losses and 7 ties, during his time California won three NCAA recognized national titles, four Pacific Coast Conference championships and made three trips to the Rose Bowl. In 1921 it shutout Ohio State 28–0, in 1922 and while swimming in mud, it tied the huge underdog Washington & Jefferson College Presidents 0–0, for the sole tie in Rose Bowl history. One of the stars of this era was Harold Brick Muller, in 1960 the respected Helms Athletic Foundation crowned the 1920 Cal Bears as the greatest football team in American history. Andy Smith died shortly after the end of the 1925 season and his death was unexpected and traumatic for the team and the whole university. His replacement was his assistant coach Nibs Price, Price was first hired as a freshman coach in 1918. He recruited the dominant 1919 freshmen team that would become the core of the Wonder Team for the three years. In their first season without Smith, Cal had its first losing season since 1897, but by 1928, the team that was undefeated with six shutouts was invited to the Rose Bowl to play against Georgia Tech. While this team is considered to be one of the greats in Cal history and it has become the most famous moment in Rose Bowl history. In the second quarter, Californias defense forced a Georgia Tech fumble on their own 30-yard line, and the loose ball was scooped up by California center Roy Riegels

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California Golden Bears rugby
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The Golden Bears have won 27 total championships since the national collegiate championships for rugby began in 1980. Cal also competes in the Collegiate Rugby Championship, the highest profile college rugby tournament in the US, the CRC is held every June at PPL Park in Philadelphia, and is broadcast live on NBC. Cal reached the finals of the 2010 CRC, losing to Utah in the finals in sudden death extra time, Cal also competes for the World Cup, which is awarded to the winner of the annual series between Cal and the University of British Columbia. Cal Rugbys home is at 5, 000-seat Witter Rugby Field, Rugby union began play at Cal in 1882 and continued until 1886, when it was ditched in favor of American Football. Rugby would make a return in 1906 after football was deemed too dangerous to play, from 1906 to 1914, Cal rugby garnered a respectable 78-21-10 record. 1914, however, saw the return of football and Cal would not field a team for almost 20 years. Around the turn of the century American football was being frowned upon for its violence, during this period of uncertainty, rugby made a brief but important reappearance in many colleges, most notably at the University of California and at Stanford University. It was these two Universities, and Santa Clara University, that supplied most of the players to the two US Olympic rugby teams who claimed fame by winning both Gold medals, in 1931, rugby returned under alumnus Ed Graff. 1938 began the era of Miles Doc Hudson, who guided the Bears for 37 years and his successor was Ned Anderson, an alumnus and former rugger for the Bears. A large group of supporters organized and disputed the relegation. On February 11,2011, the administration reversed its decision on rugby, Cal reached the final of the Varsity Cup in both 2013,2014 and 2015. The following table is a list of each of the championships since 1980 in which Cal has reached at least the semifinals. The following table is a list of each of the Varsity Cups in which Cal has reached at least the semifinals, the following is a partial list of Cal rugby players have played for the United States national rugby team, nicknamed Eagles, in a major international competition. Of the 30-man squad for the 2011 Rugby World Cup,7 were Cal alums

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California Golden Bears women's volleyball
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The California Golden Bears volleyball team is the intercollegiate womens volleyball team of the University of California, Berkeley. The team plays its games at Haas Pavilion, which was built on top of the old Harmon Gymnasium using money donated in part by the owners of Levi-Strauss. The arena was known as Mens Gymnasium and then later Harmon Gymnasium until the late 1990s when it went through massive renovations which displaced the team for two seasons. The current head coach is Rich Feller, who began his tenure in 1999, Cal volleyball is coached by Rich Feller. In 2010, he was named the AVCA National Coach of the Year as Cal finished as NCAA runners-up. Cal completed its most successful season in 2010, as won the Pac-10 title for the first time in school history and advanced to the 2010 NCAA Championship final. Senior setter Carli Lloyd was named the 2010 AVCA National Player of the Year, in 2007, Cal reached the final four for the first time in school history before falling to eventual national champion Penn State in the semifinals. Hana Cutura was named the 2007 regional MVP for her helping Cal reach the final four, while the University of California department of athletics sponsors a varsity womens volleyball program, the school does not sponsor a mens volleyball program at the NCAA/varsity level. Because of this, California only competes in mens volleyball at the club level. Along with the club volleyball program, there is also a womens club team as well separate from the womens varsity team. According to the UC Berkeley Recreational Sports page, the mens volleyball program has won a total of six national championships. Occasionally, members of the volleyball team will help the womens varsity volleyball team with practices. *Includes 11 forfeits due to ineligible player, Source,2011 Golden Bears Record Book Source, University of California Athletic Department

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Big Game (American football)
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First played 125 years ago in 1892, it is one of the oldest college rivalries in the United States. The game is played in late November or early December. In even-numbered years, the game is played at Berkeley, while in odd-numbered years it is played at Stanford, Stanford has won the last seven games, the latest at Memorial Stadium 45–31. The Big Game is the oldest college football rivalry in the West, while an undergraduate at Stanford, future U. S. President Herbert Hoover was the student manager of both the baseball and football teams. He helped organize the inaugural Big Game, along with his friend Cal manager Herbert Lang, only 10,000 tickets were printed for the game but 20,000 people showed up. Hoover and Lang scrambled to find pots, bowls and any other available receptacles to collect the admission fees, the term Big Game was first used in 1900, when it was played on Thanksgiving Day in San Francisco. Fred Lilly, the last victim of the disaster, died on December 4,1900, to this day, the Thanksgiving Day Disaster remains the deadliest accident to kill spectators at a U. S. sporting event. In 1906, citing concerns about the violence in football, both schools dropped football in favor of rugby, which was played for the Big Games of 1906–14, the first incidence of card stunts was performed by Cal fans at the halftime of the 1910 Big Game. California resumed playing football in 1915, but Stanfords rugby teams continued until 1917, from 1915–1917, Californias Big Game was their game against Washington, while Stanford played Santa Clara as their rugby Big Game. The game resumed as football in 1919, and has played as such every year since, except from 1943 to 1945. A handful of Stanford starters—including guards Jim Cox, Bill Hachten and Fred Boensch, running back George Quist, Quist returned to Stanford, playing against Cal in the 1946 Big Game. Scenes for the Harold Lloyd silent classic The Freshman were filmed at California Memorial Stadium during halftime of the 1924 Big Game, since 1933, the victor of the game has been awarded possession of the Stanford Axe. If a game ended in a tie, the Axe stayed on the side that already possessed it, this rule became obsolete in 1996 when the NCAA instituted overtime. In 2013, the new Levis Stadium in Santa Clara was proposed as the site of the 2014 Big Game, the 2015 game would then be held in Berkeley, reversing the current rotation of odd-numbered years at Stanford and even-numbered years at Cal. But several days later Cal declined the offer, both teams came into the game unbeaten with a berth in the 1925 Rose Bowl on the line. With its star Ernie Nevers sidelined due to injuries, Stanford trailed 20–6 with under 5 minutes to go, but rallied to score twice to force a 20–20 tie and earn the Rose Bowl bid. In the 50th Big Game, winless Stanford led the 8–1 Bears with less than three minutes left in the game, but Cal scored on an 80-yard touchdown pass to clinch a 21–18 victory. Stanford quarterback Dick Norman threw for 401 yards, but it was not enough to hold off the Bears, Cal drove 62 yards in the final 1,13, culminating in a Vince Ferragamo touchdown pass to Steve Sweeney for a last-second 24–22 Cal victory

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Oski the Bear
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Oski or Oski the Bear is the official mascot of the University of California, Berkeley. Oski’s name, design and character were developed by William “Rocky” Rockwell, who was the first student to play the role, Oski made his debut during the September 27,1941 football season-opener against St. Marys College and has been the university’s official mascot ever since. Up until 1941, live bears were used as mascots, after 1946, the bears activities have been overseen by the Oski Committee, which also appoints a new Oski whenever a replacement is required. Oskis identity is protected by the Committee and wearers of the suit generally do not disclose their having worn the suit, there may be multiple members of the Committee who wear the suit depending on their schedules. Oski is mentioned by name in several California fight songs, in the songs, the name Oski is used interchangeably with the title Golden Bear. Several of the give an impression of Oski being a powerful guardian-being dwelling in the heavens. Oski is identified as the astronomical constellation Ursa Major, although Oski has his benign side, he is more often presented as growling, fighting, rumbling, grumbling, thundering, and shaking the ground. He is described as sturdy and mighty and it is said of Oski that he wears a Paderewski hair, referring to Oskis shaggy hair. Oski is described as Our totem, and Cals teams are described as sons of the Golden Bear, in one song, Oski is referred to as He with a capital H, as one refers to the Deity. One song appears to attribute to Oski the ability to fly through the air, big C -- Golden Bear is ever watching, Day by day he prowls The Stanford Jonah -- When our Oski rips through the air. Like our friend Mister Jonah, Stanfords team will be found, Cal Band March -- And when the games done, Californias Golden Bear has carried the day. California, Were For You -- All our rivals hopes are doomed to die, When our Golden Bear looks down on high, brawn and brain are all in vain Unless our spirits there In evry son of the Golden Bear. Let the echoes ring our Oski Golden Bear -- Oh, have you seen the heavens blue, heavens blue, When just sevn stars are shining through, theyre joining hands to make the Bear. And oh, that Bears a glorious sight, glorious sight, A-circling round the pole all night, pole all night, And once youve seen him, youre all right, Youve seen our California Bear. He has a very patient air, patient air, He wears a Paderewski hair, rewski hair, Hes the center rush of the heavens I swear, Our silent, a Californian through and through, Our totem, He, the Golden Bear. Make Way for the Bear -- Rumbling, grumbling, loud upon the air, Californians gather round his Lair, And march to Victory. Marching along for California We stride beside the fighting Bear, California Marching Song -- Californians fight with the sturdy might of the growling Golden Bear. Our Oski sounds and shakes the ground As victry fills the air, Oski. com includes many photos of Oski

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The Play (American football)
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The Play was a last-second kickoff return during a college football game between the Stanford Cardinal and California Golden Bears on Saturday, November 20,1982. Stanford took a 20–19 lead on a goal with four seconds left. The Golden Bears used five lateral passes on the kickoff return to score the winning touchdown. Members of the Stanford Band came onto the field midway through the return, believing that the game was over, there remains disagreement over the legality of two of the backward pass attempts, adding to the passion surrounding the traditional rivalry of the annual Big Game. This was the two teams 85th Big Game, and was played on Cals home field, California Memorial Stadium, Although Cal was guaranteed a winning record for the season, no bowl game was looking to invite them. The Cardinal football squad was in the midst of an exciting season—they were 5–5 but had victories over highly ranked Ohio State, in fact, representatives of the Hall of Fame Classic committee were in attendance, apparently to extend an invitation to Stanford, if the Cardinal won. Also at stake was possession of the Stanford Axe, a trophy that is awarded to the winner of this annual matchup. The plaque upon which the Axe is mounted carries the scores of previous Big Games, Elway called a timeout with 8 seconds left on the clock. Had Elway let the clock run down to four seconds before calling time, but Elway was under instruction from coach Paul Wiggin to call timeout at the 8 second mark to allow time for a second field goal try in case Stanford drew a penalty on the first attempt. Harmons 35-yard kick was good, putting Stanford ahead 20–19, however, the teams celebrations drew a 15-yard unsportsmanlike conduct penalty, enforced on the ensuing kickoff. This was crucial, as Stanford was now kicking off from their 25 instead of the 40, at that point, Cal announcer Joe Starkey praised Stanford and Elway for their efforts, and added, Only a miracle can save the Bears now. With 4 seconds left, Stanford special teams coach Fred von Appen called for a kick on the kickoff. Due to confusion, Cal took the field with only 10 men, one short of the regulation eleven, what happened next became one of the most debated and dissected plays in college football history. Harmon squibbed the kick and Cals Kevin Moen received the ball inside the Cal 45 near the left hash mark, after some ineffective scrambling, Moen lateraled the ball leftward to Richard Rodgers. Rodgers was very quickly surrounded, gaining only one yard before looking behind him for Dwight Garner, Garner ran straight ahead for five yards, but was swallowed up by five Stanford players. While Garner was being tackled, however, he managed to pitch the ball back to Rodgers. It was at this moment, believing that Garner had been tackled and the game was over, that several Stanford players on the sideline and the entire Stanford band ran onto the field in celebration. Rodgers dodged another Stanford player and took the ball to his right, toward the middle of the field, around the Stanford 45, Rodgers pitched the ball to Mariet Ford, who caught it in stride

38.
Campus of the University of California, Berkeley
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Later buildings were designed by architects such as Charles Willard Moore and Joseph Esherick. Very little of the early University of California remains, with the Victorian Second Empire-style South Hall and this unprecedented competition came about from one-upmanship between the prominent Hearst and Stanford families of the Bay Area. In response to the founding of Stanford University, the Hearst Family decided to adopt the fledgling University of California, although Emile Bénard, a Frenchman, won the competition, he disliked the uncultured San Francisco atmosphere and refused to personally revise the plan to the site. He was replaced by fourth-place winner John Galen Howard, who would later become UC Berkeleys resident campus architect, only University House, designed by architect Albert Pissis and then home to the President of the University of California, was placed according to the original Bénard plan. Much of the campus is built in the Beaux-Arts Classical style. This area is now referred to as the “classical core” of the campus, with the support of University President Benjamin Ide Wheeler, Howard designed over twenty buildings, which set the tone for the campus up until its expansion in the 1950s and 60s. Buildings he regarded as temporary, nonacademic, or not particularly serious were designed in shingle or Collegiate Gothic styles, such as North Gate Hall, Dwinelle Annex, bowles Hall—built in 1928—is Californias oldest state-owned dormitory and is also listed in the National Register of Historic Places. John Galen Howard retired in 1924, his support base gone with both Phoebe Hearsts death and President Wheelers resignation in 1919. These were originally to include a huge domed auditorium, a museum, an art school, however, only the Hearst Womens Gymnasium was completed before the Great Depression, at which point Hearst decided to focus on his estate at San Simeon instead. However, the administration moved out of Sproul and into California Hall, situated in the heart of campus, gray-green Evans Hall is the tallest instructional building on the campus and houses the offices of faculty in mathematics, statistics, and economics. Evans Hall is widely reviled, a recent campus development plan lists Evans Hall as a candidate for demolition within the fifteen years. Cory Hall, the engineering building, was the site of two attacks by the Unabomber in 1982 and 1985. Its neighbor, Soda Hall, is one of the few buildings on campus with showers. It was completed in August 1994 at the cost of $35.5 million, because this confusing building is host to both large lecture classes and numerous discussion classes, it is sometimes called the freshman maze. Underneath UC Berkeleys oldest buildings is a system of tunnels which carry steam for heat. During the 1960s, Berkeley students chained the doorknobs of the Chancellors office in protest over the Vietnam War, the Chancellor, having no other way in or out of the building, used the steam tunnels to escape. Afterwards, the double doors on that building were changed so they only had one doorknob. Recent developments include the newly completed Jean Hargrove Music Library, the fourth free-standing music library to be constructed in the United States, in 2006, the new Stanley Hall, named after the 1946 winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, opened its doors

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Bancroft Library
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The Bancroft Library in the center of the Berkeley campus of the University of California, Berkeley, is the universitys primary special-collections library. It was acquired from its founder, Hubert Howe Bancroft, in 1905, the collection at that time consisted of 50,000 volumes of materials on the history of California and the North American West. It is the largest such collection in the world, the building the library is located in, the Doe Annex, was completed in 1950. The inception of the Bancroft Library dates back to 1859, looking through his stock he was agreeably surprised to find some 50 or 75 volumes. There was no fixed purpose at this time to collect a library, during his next visit to the eastern states, without special pains or search, he secured whatever fell under his observation in second-hand stores of New York, Boston and Philadelphia. He had collected in all not far from a 1,000 volumes and had begun to feel satisfied. When, however, I visited London and Paris, and rummaged the enormous stocks of second-hand books in the hundreds of stores of that class, my eyes began to open. And so it was, when the collection had reached one thousand volumes, I fancied I had them all, finally, special journeys were made to all parts of Europe, as well as the Americas, in the interest of his collection. And not only was every nook and corner of the world thus ramsacked, while his vague ideas of materials for writing a history gradually assumed more definite form, Bancroft had as yet no idea of writing a history himself. The bibliophile reached the determination to make his collection as complete as it was possible to make it. Neither time, nor money, nor personal attention would be spared, agents were appointed in all the leading book marts of the world, no book must be lost because of its high price, no opportunity was to be missed to obtain everything in existence on the subject. By buying up at auction in European cities individual collections, and even libraries, in 1869, it is reported that Bancroft held, including pamphlets, about 16,000 volumes. These were lodged on the floor of the Market Street building. Bancroft now decided to begin work, but the collecting went rapidly forward without interruption. He would erect on some convenient spot a fireproof library building, the library was moved to the building October 9,1881. There the library stood for years, when the question of State purchase was taken up, the Bancroft Library was said to contain from 50,000 to 60,000 volumes of books, pamphlets, maps and manuscripts. Prof. Joseph Cummings Rowell, Librarian of the State University, after personal examination. In 1887, a bill was presented in the State Legislature to purchase the library for the State for $250,000, but the proposition was quickly defeated

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California Hall
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California Hall is one of the original classical core Beaux-Arts-style Classical Revival buildings on the UC Berkeley campus. Construction began in 1903 under the lead of University Architect John Galen Howard after the adoption of the Phoebe Hearst master architectural plan for the Berkeley campus. The building opened in August,1905, in 1982, it was named to the National Register of Historic Places, and is designated as an architectural feature of California Historic Landmark no.946. In 1991, the Landmarks Preservation Committee of the City of Berkeley designated it Berkeley City Landmark no.147 and it currently houses the University of California Berkeley Chancellors Office and the Graduate Division. California Hall was one of the first buildings to be constructed upon adoption of the Hearst architectural plan, opened in 1905, it was built with a state appropriation of $250,000 and university funds of $19,000. It originally housed the central administration and the History, Political Economy. In 1982, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places, in 1990 it was seismic renovated. The buildings frame is sheathed in reinforced concrete. The exterior is granite from the nearby Raymond quarries, chosen for its hardness, the granite was then lined with brick. The roof is concrete-sheathed steel covered in Spanish mission tiles, reflecting Howards desire to create a uniquely Californian architectural style, the rooftop features skylights studded by copper finials. The original doors, window-casings and other features of the buildings interior architecture were made of solid oak. The floors were made of metal and concrete, and carpeted in cork. The entire building was wired for lighting, which was intended for use in the evenings. Light during the day was provided by windows and the skylights dotting the rooftop. The main entrance on the west side of the building opened to a lobby that had marble paneling in a wainscot fashion. The doors to the lecture room on the north end of the first floor were made of solid oak. The lecture room had tiered seating that could hold 500 people, the room was intended for the university’s large History, English and Botany classes, which were difficult to accommodate previously due to a lack of adequate indoor space on the campus. Behind the speaker’s platform was a door that allowed the speaker, to the south of the large lecture hall were classrooms and faculty offices, uniformly painted ivory in color

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Campbell Hall (UC Berkeley)
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Campbell Hall is an academic building at the University of California, Berkeley. Housing the astronomy department at UC Berkeley, it is linked by a bridge to the department in LeConte Hall. It is named after astronomer and former UC President William Wallace Campbell, the first Campbell Hall was built from 1957 to 1959 as one of several buildings built in the post World War II era. Campbell Hall was constructed to house the departments of astronomy, statistics, and mathematics, the Department of Astronomy has remained in the building since its completion, but the other programs mostly relocated to nearby buildings. Recently, it housed the astronomy and astrophysics programs, and various administrative offices for the College of Letters and Sciences. The old building was rated seismically poor and was demolished in 2012 and its replacement, opened in 2015, is part of a long-term campus project to modernize, expand, and better integrate the physics complex at UC Berkeley. The new building is certified LEED Gold, construction was funded in part with a grant from the U. S. Department of Commerce, NIST

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Doe Memorial Library
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The Doe Memorial Library is the main library of the UC Berkeley Library System. The library is named after its benefactor, Charles Franklin Doe and it is located adjacent to the Bancroft Library. In 1900, Emile Benard won a competition for the design of the library. The Doe Library houses both the undergraduate and Gardner stacks collections, the Main Stacks were constructed in 1997 with four large skylights to allow for natural lighting of the underground structure. The Gardner Main Stacks connect the Doe and Moffitt Libraries by means of an underground hallway, prior to the construction of the main stacks, books were held in an eight story structure inside the main building. Called the Doe Core, this space has been used for temporary libraries displaced under seismic retrofitting on the Berkeley campus, Doe Core is 70 feet tall. Art History/Classics Library Data Lab Government Information Morrison Library Reference & Instruction South/Southeast Asia Library Doe Memorial Library

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Dwinelle Hall
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Dwinelle Hall is the second largest building on the University of California, Berkeley campus. It was completed in 1952, and is named after John W. Dwinelle and he was a member of the first Board of Regents. Construction was completed in 1953, with expansion completed in 1998, the southern block of Dwinelle Hall contains three levels of classrooms as well as four lecture halls, and the northern block houses seven stories of faculty and department offices. The Dwinelle Annex was designed by John Galen Howard and built in 1920, from 1920-33 it was used for Military Science, and from 1933-58 it was used for Music. During these periods of use, it was called the Military Sciences Building, some remodeling was done in 1933 to accommodate the music department, and in 1949 it was enlarged to include a music library. Dramatic Arts and Comparative Literature moved into the building in 1958, more recently, the College Writing Program occupied the top floor. The annex is currently occupied by the Department of Theater, Dance, dwinelles odd shape was not created on a whim or by accident. Reinforced concrete was used in construction because granite was no longer a viable facing option, the Dwinelle Expansion Project was begun in 1996 and was completed in 1998. The project included the addition of two new floors to the block, cost $10 million, expanded the building about 20%. Dwinelle is frequently referred to as the Freshman Maze because of its confusing architecture, soon after the buildings construction, according to author William Rodarmor, students would enter Dwinelle in their freshman year and emerge, blinking in the sunshine, just in time for graduation. As it was constructed on a slope, there are entrances to the building that connect directly to the first, second, third. Classrooms require higher ceilings than offices, so the two floors do not match up. The office wing consists of seven floors, A through G, there are exits on levels A and B. Level B has access to Ishi Court, a courtyard in the center of the office wing. The 1000s are located on level A, the 2000s on level B, there is also an attic area in the office wing. The classroom wing consists of five levels, B through F, there are exits on levels C and D, level B is underground. Levels C, D, and E in the classroom wing connect to levels C, D, E, Level F in the classroom wing connects directly to level G in the office wing. Classrooms have two- or three-digit numbers, classrooms on level B have numbers beginning with B, such as B55. Classrooms on level C have two-digit numbers, Level D consists of the 100s, level E of the 200s, and level F of the 300s

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Etcheverry Hall
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Etcheverry Hall is a building on the UC Berkeley campus, part of the UC Berkeley College of Engineering. Built in 1964, it is located on the side of Hearst Avenue. It houses the departments of mechanical, industrial, and nuclear engineering, the basement of the building once housed a research nuclear reactor, the Berkeley Research Reactor. The reactor was removed, and the underground space was used when neighboring Soda Hall was built for computer science in 1994

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Evans Hall (UC Berkeley)
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Evans Hall is the statistics, economics, and mathematics building at the University of California, Berkeley. Evans Hall also served as the gateway for the entire west coasts ARPAnet access during the stages of the Internets existence, at the time. As well as the birthplace of Berkeley Unix, and Rogue, which was developed there by Glenn C Wickman. Rogues origins included the library, which Rogue was originally written to test. Additionally, both Ingres and Postgres were originally coded in Evans, under Prof, the office of Professor Doug Cooper, who wrote the widely used programming textbook Oh. In addition there is a basement computing facility often referred to as The Dungeon, the printers are named with various underworld overtones such as Styx, Cerberus, and Charon, as well as The Unaprinter, presumably in reference to Ted Kaczynskis short tenure at Berkeley. Evans Hall is situated at the northeast corner of campus, just east of Memorial Glade and it was built in 1971 and is named after Griffith C. Evans, chairman of mathematics from 1934 to 1949 who combined the fields of mathematics and economics, the architect was Gardner A. Dailey. In the 1990s, this building saw significant renovation including seismic retrofits, today, the building sports a blue-green exterior with orange-red accents. As part of the Universitys New Century Plan, the building is recommended for demolition and replacement, in 2000, it was proposed that two shorter buildings replace Evans Hall. Although Evans Halls seismic rating is poor, the rating is common on the UC Berkeley campus with over fifty buildings sharing the rating, a rating of poor translates to that a major earthquake would likely cause significant structural damage and appreciable life hazards. During the early 2000s, because of rusting of the frame of the building, repairing the building cost two million dollars. Evans Hall was voted one of the ugliest buildings in UC Berkeley by its student body, Evans Hall is known for its large number of windowless classrooms. The Chronicle of Higher Education has called it a concrete structure that most people on the campus would like to see demolished. Former chancellor Robert M. Berdahl has described the building as without stirrings of pride in placement, or massing, some complain the building disturbs the view of the San Francisco Bay. Math related murals have been painted inside the building in protest against its aesthetics, Evans Hall was repainted a gray-green so that the building would blend into the Berkeley hills. A series of students at the university have committed suicide at Evans Hall and this has led some to believe the building is haunted. It has also spawned a rumor that the University has put a suicide alarm on the tenth floor of Evans Hall

The University of California, Berkeley, School of Optometry (Berkeley Optometry) is an optometry school in the United …

View of the south entrance to the Meredith Morgan University Eye Center, Minor Addition, University of California, Berkeley

Closeup view of tonometry (measurement of intraocular pressure) during a comprehensive eye examination

Westward view of the east side of Ralph S. Minor Hall, School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley. Built in 1941, the top two floors were added in 1992-93 to provide modern office and laboratory facilities.