This tutorial will demonstrate several approaches to tonemapping using a variety of different programs, from specialised tonemappers such as Photomatix, to the tonemapping options in Photoshop, and powerful compositors such as Fusion and Nuke.Tonemapping can transform a render by giving you very fine control over the tones and contrast in your image, and by doing this in post you will get far more control than if you tonemap at render time.

UPDATED with a bonus section on Reinhard Photoreceptor tonemapping in Photoshop and After Effects