The EU faces a prospective crisis arising from irregular migration through the Central Mediterranean. In recent weeks and months, the EU’s response has centred on transferring ever greater responsibility to the authorities in Libya. This approach, broadly inspired by the 2016 agreement with Turkey, is spelled out in the Joint Communication of 25 January 2017, as well as in the Conclusion of the European Council of 3 February 2017 and subsequent Council Conclusions of 6 February 2017.

However, given the lack of effective political control by the Libyan government and widespread reports of abuse, rape and torture, such an approach raises serious questions as regards both its efficiency as well as its compliance with European values and international legal commitments.

1. How does the Commission, in cooperation with other relevant EU bodies, intend to ensure that refugees returned to Libya are not subjected to violations of human rights and international law?

2. What type of assistance will be provided and to which authorities in Libya?

3. What justification can be offered for returning refugees, given that Libya is not considered a ‘safe country’?