Here are important formulas and shortcuts to solve problems on Average. Basic knowledge
regarding solving questions and problem on average is important for various competitive exams like IBPS,
SBI Bank PO, assistant, SSC exams, Railway exam, UPSC exams.

What is average ?

Average is central value of a set of data. Like we have two numbers 10 and 20, central value of 10 and 20 is 15 which is called average.

I. Average of n items = Sum of n terms / n.

II. Average of first n natural numbers is (n+1) / 2

Example: Find average of first 11 natural numbers.Soln: Average of first 11 numbers = (12) / 2 = 6

III. Average of first n natural even numbers is (n + 1)

Example: Find average of first 20 even numbersSoln: Average of first 20 even numbers is (20 + 1) = 21

IV. Average of natural even numbers up to n

(n/2) + 1 {if n is even number}

((n-1)/2) + 1 {if n is odd number}

Example: Find average of natural even numbers up to 10Soln: Average of first 10 even numbers = 10/2 + 1 = 6.

V. Average of first n natural odd numbers is n.

Example: Find average of first 15 odd numbersSoln: Average of first 15 odd numbers is = 15

VI. Average of natural odd numbers up to n

(n/2) {if n is even number}

(n+1)/2 {if n is odd number}

Example: Find average of natural odd numbers up to 10.Soln: Average of first natural odd numbers up to 10 = 10/2 = 5

VII. If Average of any N consecutive numbers is A

A is the middle term {if N is odd}

A is average of middle two terms {if n is even}

Example: If average of five consecutive numbers is 63. Find the sum of 2nd and 4th term.Soln: As N is odd, middle term that is 3rd term is 63.
So we can write, 1st term = 61, 2nd term = 62, 3rd term = 63, 4th term = 64, 5th term = 65.
Hence: sum of 2nd term and 4th term = 62 + 64 = 126.

Example 2: If Average of 6 consecutive odd numbers is 46. Find the sum of 1st and 3rd termSoln: As average of middle two odd terms (3rd and 4th) is 46, so middle two odd numbers are 45 and 47.
So we can write 1st term = 41, 2nd term = 43, 3rd term = 45, 4th term = 47, 5th term = 49, 6th term = 49.
Hence sum of 1st and 3rd term = 41 + 45 = 86

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