Non-Surgical Pacemaker

Pacemakers were innovative, invasive, and experimental at their start. Now, they are common, but require surgery. A new innovation is a pacemaker that is small enough to be implanted via a catheter, implanted in the heart directly, thereby reducing complications from surgery or disrupting bodily functions. As much as it is a (yet to be approved) medical advance, it is also an example of the incremental advance towards integrated bio-electrical systems. If cyborgs are created, it probably won’t be all at once, but through such incremental and necessary improvements.