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Sergej Zerr 3CollaborationOften we need more than one handSometimes more than one brain“Why the Many Are Smarter Than the Few andHow Collective Wisdom Shapes Business,Economies, Societies and Nations”James Suroewicki

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Sergej Zerr 7Collaboration: Paradoxhttp://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/hardware/multicore-is-bad-news-for-supercomputersCollaborative work needs to be managedefficientlyKasparov won against the world

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Sergej Zerr 8CollaborationCriteria DescriptionDiversity of opinion Each person should have private information.Independence Peoples opinions arent determined by the opinions ofthose around them.Decentralization People are able to specialize and draw on localknowledge.Aggregation Some mechanism exists for turning private judgmentsinto a collective

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Sergej Zerr 10Collaboration“The best collective decisions are the product ofdisagreement and contest, not consensus or compromise.”“The best way for a group to be smart is for each person in itto think and act as independently as possible.”

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Sergej Zerr 29Useful human power for annotating the Web• 5000 people playing simultaneously can label all images on Googlein 30 days!• Individual games in Yahoo! and MSN average over 5,000 players ata timePossible contributions: attach labels to images in other languages,categorize web pages into topics

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Sergej Zerr 35Indirect Collaboration on Web:Google uses search/click logs. For PageRank algorithm each link to a pageserves as a vote for that page.Amazon uses search/click logs. For item recommendation similar users are theindirect voters for the product.ect., ect.

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Sergej Zerr 41Improvement Through Collaborative RankingAgrahri, A., Manickam, D., Riedl, J. Can people collaborate to improve the relevance of search results? In Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Recommendation Systems 2008

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Sergej Zerr 45Hardware support for Co-located(TeamSearch).Morris, M.R., Paepcke, A., and Winograd, T. Team-Search: Comparing Techniques for Co-Present Collaborative Search of Digital Media.Qualitative criteria (7 points Likert scale) Collective tokens Parallel tokensI worked closely with the other members of mygroup to accomplish this task.5.75 4.88Members of the group communicated with eachother effectively.5.75 5The group worked effectively as a team on thistask.5.75 4.81