1810 United States Census

The U.S. federal census was conducted each decade from 1790 to the present. This information pertains to censuses conducted in 1810.

Population schedules consisted of large sheets with rows and columns. The schedules were arranged by place, such as township or post office. The places were not filed in any particular order. The arrangement of families on a schedule is normally in the order in which the enumerator visited the households. The original schedules are well preserved at the National Archives in Washington, D.C. They were microfilmed in the 1950s and 1960s. The schedules for some counties in varying censuses are missing.

Federal census takers were asked to record information about every person who was in each household on the census day, which was the first Monday in August for 1810. A census taker might have visited a house on a later date, but the information he collected was supposed to be about the people who were in the house on the census day. The basic census enumeration unit was the county. Each county was divided into enumeration districts, one for each enumerator. The completed forms were sent to the Commerce Department’s Census Office in Washington, D.C.

This census (1810) provides names for heads of household, for about 10 to 15 percent of the population, and provides only a number count for the others.

The U.S. federal census was taken at the beginning of every decade to apportion the number of representatives that a state could send to the House of Representatives.

Federal censuses are usually reliable, depending on the knowledge of the informant and the care of the census enumerator. Information may have been given to a census taker by any member of the family or by a neighbor. Some information may have been incorrect or deliberately falsified.

Record Content

The 1810 Federal Census includes the following genealogical information:

Name of city, county and state where census was takenName of head of householdNumber of free white males under 10 years in householdNumber of free white males ages 10-16 in householdNumber of free white males ages 16-26 in householdNumber of free white males ages 26-45 in householdNumber of free white males age 45 and older in householdNumber of free white females under 10 years in householdNumber of free white females ages 10-16 in householdNumber of free white females ages 16-26 in householdNumber of free white females ages 26-45 in householdNumber of free white females ages 45 and older in householdNumber of all other persons in householdNumber of slaves in each household

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