RAM operates YUL-JFK with 5th freedom rights at the present time (3x per week). I believe that Egyptair will begin on the same route in the near future (2x per week).

Back in the seventies, both BOAC and Air France operated YUL-Chicago with local traffic rights as part of their Europe-USA services.

At various times Iberia operated YUL-Mexico City,KLM operated YUL-Houson, Lufthansa YUL-Philadelphia, British Airways YUL-Detroit and YUL-Pittsburgh. I believe TAP did YUL-JFK also for awhile.I'm not sure if any of these had local traffic entitlements however.

In the sixties,there were other carriers such as SAS and Aer Lingus that did YUL-ORD. I think these were only technical stops though.

The European flights through YUL did not have fifth freedom rights in the 60's and 70's. I was an avid timetable collector and I remember these flights had notes stating that no local traffic is carried between these points. However, if you had a ticket from, say, Amsterdam to Houston on KLM, you could fly AMS-YUL on one flight, spend some time in Montreal, then take the YUL-IAH portion another day. YUL was quite a gateway back then.

I remember, too, around 1970 or so, AC was on strike and a friend of ours wanted to fly YUL-SFO but could not find a flight because all the connections through the US on US carriers were full. I suggested the LH flight from YUL-SFO, but they refused to sell her a ticket, unless she would buy FRA-SFO! Again, they did not have fifth freedom rights. (She took the train.)

Quite a few countries hold "fifth freedom" rights between Canada and the US. Some of these rights are either unassigned to their airlines or unused by their airlines. The following are among the countries that have rights to carry fifth freedom passengers between Canada and the US: