Most nouns ending in -o preceded by a consonant also form their plurals by adding ‘-es’ .

Examples:-
potato – potatoes
tomato – tomatoes
volcano – volcanoes

However, many newly created words and words with a Spanish or Italian origin that end in -o just add an ‘s’.

Examples:-
photo – photos | piano – pianos

Nouns that end in a single ‘z’, add ‘-zes’ to the end of the word.

Example:-
quiz – quizzes

Nouns ending in a consonant + y, drop the y and add ‘-ies’.

Example:-
party – parties | lady – ladies

Most nouns ending in ‘is’, drop the ‘is’ and add ‘-es’.

Example:-
crisis – crises | hypothesis – hypotheses | oasis – oases

Most nouns ending in -f or -fe, drop the f and add ‘ves’.

Example:-
calf – calves | half – halves | wolf – wolves

ABSTRACT NOUNS : These are words used to name non-physical things. These include feelings, states of mind, concepts etc.

Examples~~CONCRETE NOUN : You can experience this group of nouns with your five senses: you see them, hear them, smell them, taste them, and feel them.

Examples :
a) The highway was blocked by an accident.
b) It was an iceberg that sank the Titanic.
c) He found his grandfather’s journal in the old desk.
d) I skinned my knee when I fell of my bike.
e) We need a lantern for our camping trip.

GENDER NOUNS : There are four types of gender nouns in English.

Masculine gender nouns: words for men, boys, and male animalsFeminine gender nouns: words for women, girls and female animalsCommon gender nouns: nouns that are used for both males and females.Neuter gender nouns: words for things that are not alive.