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When two people under the age of 35 attempt frequent and unprotected sex for more than a year without a successful pregnancy, they are considered infertile, according to WebMD. This is also true of couples who are over 35 years of age and are unable to get pregnant after trying consistently for six months. After this point, patients should visit a doctor to undergo multiple diagnostic tests and rule out various causes of infertility to find an origin.

A family doctor is likely to request blood and urine tests from both partners and ask for a sperm sample from the male to analyze his sperm count. Women may be asked to undergo imaging tests to examine the health of their reproductive organs, notes WebMD. If these tests are inconclusive, couples may be referred to a reproductive endocrinologist to assess the full medical history of both partners and discuss possible treatment plans. Patients are encouraged to provide a full list of medication prescriptions and over-the-counter treatments or supplements that may provide insight into their reproductive issues.