Abstract

This evidence-based guidance aims to increase the quality of care for children with urological problems. The majority of urological clinical problems in children are distinct and in many ways different from those in adults. The guidance outlines a practical and preliminary approach to paediatric urological problems, detailing management and treatment options for a large number of different congenital problems.

Complex and rare conditions that require special care with experienced doctors should be referred to designated centres where paediatric urology practice has been fully established and a multidisciplinary approach is available.

The Paediatric Urology Guidelines were first published in 2001 with subsequent partial updates in 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and this 2015 publication which includes a number of updated chapters and sections as detailed below:

• 3A Phimosis: The literature has been updated • 3B Cryptorchidism: The literature has been updated, minor text revisions made and one new recommendation added • 3C Hydrocele: The literature has been updated • 3D Acute scrotum in children: The literature has been updated and minor text revisions made • 3E Hypospadias: The literature has been updated extensively • 3G Varicocele in children and adolescents: The literature has been updated extensively • 3H Urinary tract infections in children: The literature has been updated and minor revisions made to the text • 3I Daytime lower urinary tract conditions: The literature has been updated, text revised and a recommendation added • 3J Monosymptomatic enuresis: The literature has been updated, text revised and three recommendations added • 3L Dilatation of the upper urinary tract: The literature has been updated • 3O Obstructive pathology of renal duplication ureterocele and ectopic ureter: The literature has been updated • 3Q Posterior urethral valves: The literature has been updated, minor revisions made to the text and some updates made to the recommendations