gcse chemistry what is a sodium ion? how do you draw a sodium Sodium Dot Diagram a sodium atom becomes a sodium ion

Sodium Atom Diagram - sodium is a chemical element with symbol na from latin natrium and atomic number 11 it is a soft silvery white highly reactive metal sodium is an alkali metal being in group 1 of the periodic table because it has a single electron in its outer shell that it readily donates creating a positively charged ion the na cation its only stable isotope is 23 na sodium chloride s o d i m k l r a d monly known as salt though sea salt also contains other chemical salts is an ionic pound with the chemical formula nacl representing a 1 1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions with molar masses of 22 99 and 35 45 g mol respectively 100 g of nacl contains 39 34 g na and 60 66 g cl sodium chloride is the salt most responsible carbon and hydrogen atoms can join together to form methane however in this molecule the atoms share their electrons when atoms share electrons to join together it is called covalent bonding. the diagram shows how four hydrogen atoms can join to one carbon atom to form methane ch 4 if you count the number of electrons in the outside shell of the carbon atom there are eight of them hydrogen energy level plot the basic structure of the hydrogen energy levels can be calculated from the schrodinger equation the energy levels agree with the earlier bohr model and agree with experiment within a small fraction of an electron volt the lewis dot structure for water shows the electron from hydrogen and an electron from oxygen being shared in a covalent bond the other four valence electrons in oxygen are in pairs at the bottom instead of using the energy level diagram to represent the distribution of electrons in an atom you can use the electron configuration write in order the energy levels being used the orbital types s p d and so on and in superscript the number of electrons in. each orbital build an atom out of protons neutrons and electrons and see how the element charge and mass change then play a game to test your ideas the bohr model and atomic orbitals using an element s position in the periodic table to predict its properties electron configuration and reactivity main sequence stars the main sequence is the point in a star s evolution during which it maintains a stable nuclear reaction it is this stage during which a star will spend most of its life our sun is a main sequence star a main sequence star will experience only small fluctuations in revision notes on important definitions in chemistry e g atom element pound molecule formula mixture pure substance impure paring physical change chemical change when revising for aqa edexcel ocr gateway science ocr 21st century gcse 9 1 chemistry examinations