Sample records for donation program description

The launch of the Mectizan DonationProgram (MDP) in 1987, by Merck & Co., Inc., created a number of new opportunities for onchocerciasis control. The microfilaricide Mectizan was rapidly put to ?use by the Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa (OCP), for mass treatment by field teams in selected areas. Other milestones in Mectizan treatment included the establishment, in 1992, of the Onchocerciasis Elimination Program for the Americas, and the creation of the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC) in 1995, the latter programme covering all African countries in need outside of the OCP area. In 1998, the donation of Mectizan was expanded to include the treatment of lymphatic filariasis in those African countries where that disease is co-endemic with onchocerciasis. In the past, the development of a broad partnership around the MDP played a very important role, including non-governmental development organizations collaborating with the ministries of health in endemic countries. A new community-directed treatment strategy, which made it easier to reach out to all those in need, including those in remote areas, was developed by the APOC in collaboration with the World Health Organization's Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR). Several drug-management issues, including dosing, shelf-life, safety, and the reporting of severe adverse experiences, were addressed by the MDP, through its Mectizan Expert Committee, and by Merck & Co., Inc. A major research effort for the safe treatment of onchocerciasis in loiasis-endemic areas has also been supported by the MDP. Presently there are national programmes for Mectizan mass treatment in all 33 endemic countries in need of such treatment; >69 million Mectizan treatments for onchocerciasis were provided during 2006, and this number is expected to grow to at least 100 million treatments/year by 2010. This achievement has resulted in great public-health and socio-economic benefits for the populations concerned. Future challenges will include additional support to 'fragile states' resulting from conflicts or natural disasters, and the need for a strengthened primary healthcare (PHC) infrastructure. The community-directed-treatment approach has been a great success but there is still a need to link the treatments to PHC, for the long-term sustainability of the treatments. The presence of loiasis in vast areas of Central Africa imposes a need for the mapping of that disease, and the application of safety precautions when distributing Mectizan in those areas. The recent decision to extend the APOC up to 2015 should facilitate the building of sustainable Mectizan treatment programmes that are integrated with the control of other neglected tropical diseases, such as lymphatic filariasis, intestinal helminths and trachoma. It will be important to define the safe end-point for Mectizan treatment in various settings, and an ongoing study by TDR will address this issue. There is also a need to consider the application of more frequent Mectizan treatments, possibly with adjunct measures, such as ground-based vector control in selected areas, or new chemotherapeutic approaches (as and when they become available). PMID:18718154

Wisconsin State Dept. of Public Instruction, Madison. Bureau for Food and Nutrition Services.

This handbook describes the following aspects of the operation of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Donated Food Distribution Program in Wisconsin: (1) who can participate; (2) how Wisconsin gets commodities; (3) what types of commodities are available; (4) distribution and billing procedures; (5) commodity storage; (6) commodity processing; (7)…

Through the Mectizan® DonationProgram, Merck & Co., Inc. has donated Mectizan (ivermectin, MSD) for the treatment of onchocerciasis worldwide since 1987. Mectizan has also been donated for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF) since 1998 in African countries and in Yemen where onchocerciasis and LF are co-endemic; for LF elimination programs, Mectizan is co-administered with albendazole, which is donated by GlaxoSmithKline. The Mectizan DonationProgram works in collaboration with the Mectizan Expert Committee/Albendazole Coordination, its scientific advisory committee. In 2005, a total of 62,201,310 treatments of Mectizan for onchocerciasis were approved for delivery via mass treatment programs in Africa, Latin America, and Yemen. Seventy-seven percent and 20% of these treatments for onchocerciasis were for countries included in the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC) and the former-Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa (OCP), respectively. The remaining 3% of treatments approved were for the six onchocerciasis endemic countries in Latin America, where mass treatment is carried out twice-yearly with the goal of completely eliminating morbidity and eventually transmission of infection, and for Yemen. All 33 onchocerciasis endemic countries where mass treatment with Mectizan is indicated have ongoing mass treatment programs. In 2005, 42,052,583 treatments of co-administered albendazole and Mectizan were approved for national Programs to Eliminate LF (PELFs) in Africa and Yemen. There are ongoing PELFs using albendazole and Mectizan in nine African countries and Yemen; these represent 35% of the total number of countries expected to require the co-administration of these two chemotherapeutic agents for LF elimination. In Africa, the expansion of existing PELFs and the initiation of new ones have been hampered by lack of resources, technical difficulties with the mapping of LF endemicity, and the co-endemicity of LF and loiasis. Included in this review are recommendations recently put forward for the co-administration of albendazole and Mectizan in areas endemic for LF, loiasis, and onchocerciasis. PMID:17005039

Due to the ongoing shortage of deceased-donor organs, novel strategies to augment kidney transplantation rates through expanded living donation strategies have become essential. These include desensitization in antibody-incompatible transplants and kidney paired donation (KPD) programs. KPD enables kidney transplant candidates with willing but incompatible living donors to join a registry of other incompatible pairs in order to find potentially compatible transplant solutions. Given the significant immunologic barriers with fewer donor options, single-center or small KPD programs may be less successful in transplanting the more sensitized patients; the optimal solution for the difficult-to-match patient is access to more potential donors and large multicenter or national registries are essential. Multicenter KPD programs have become common in the last decade, and now represent one of the most promising opportunities to improve transplant rates. To maximize donor-recipient matching, and minimize immunologic risk, these multicenter KPD programs use sophisticated algorithms to identify optimal match potential, with simultaneous two-, three- or more complex multiway exchanges. The article focuses on the recent progresses in KPD and it also reviews some of the differences and commonalities across four different national KPD programs. PMID:25294848

Constant monitoring is paramount in order to detect the criticalities and improve the results of the deceased donation process. Concomitant with the institution of a regional transplantation service authority—Organizzazione Toscana Trapianti—in 2003, Tuscany adopted a program of quality assurance of the deceased donation process by compulsory reporting of all encephalic deaths from local intensive care units to the regional transplant

to the Administrative Policy: Vacation DonationProgram for Civil Service and Union-Represented Staff at http://www.policy.umn.edu/Policies/hr/Leaves/VACATIONDONATION.html and corresponding Procedures: Requesting/Donating Paid Leave for Civil Service/Union-Represented Staff at http

absence from work due to the donation of an organ (which shall include, for example, the donation of bone resulting from a serious health condition or injury, or donation of an organ. 2. When the DepartmentDonated Leave 1 ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE 7/9/2010 DONATED LEAVE PROGRAMDONATED LEAVE PROCEDURES

Voucher-based reinforcement therapy (VBRT) is an effective drug abuse treatment, but the cost of VBRT rewards has limited its dissemination. Obtaining VBRT incentives through donations may be one way to overcome this barrier. Two direct mail campaigns solicited donations for use in VBRT for pregnant, postpartum, and parenting drug users in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and in Los Angeles, California. In Toronto, 19% of those contacted over 2 months donated $8,000 ($4,000/month) of goods and services. In Los Angeles, nearly 26% of those contacted over 34 months donated $161,000 ($4,472/month) of goods and services. Maintaining voucher programs by soliciting donations is feasible and sustainable. The methods in this article can serve as a guide for successful donation solicitation campaigns. Donations offer an alternative for obtaining VBRT rewards for substance abuse treatment and may increase its dissemination. PMID:15122959

Quality management improvement has become a recent focus of attention in medical education. The program for the donation of bodies and body parts (Body DonationProgram) at the University of Padova has recently been subjected to a global quality management standard, the ISO 9001:2008 certification. The aim of the present work is to show how the…

\\u000a Since the middle of the twentieth century, hundreds of programming languages have been designed and implemented – and new\\u000a ones are continually emerging. The syntax of a programming language can usually be described quite precisely and efficiently\\u000a using formal grammars. However, the formal description of its semantics is much more challenging. Language designers, implementers\\u000a and programmers commonly regard formal semantic

The new Swiss federal law on organ and transplantation strengthens the responsibilities of the intensive care units. In Italian and French speaking parts of Switzerland, the Programme Latin pour le Don d'Organe (PLDO) has been launched to foster a wider collaboration between intensivists and donation coordinators. The PLDO aims at optimising knowledge and expertise in organ donation through improvements in identification, notification and management of organ donors and their next of kin. The PLDO dispenses education to all professionals involved. Such organisation should allow increasing the number of organs available, while improving healthcare professionals experience and next of kin emotion throughout the donation process. PMID:19157281

...240.3 Cash in lieu of donated foods for program schools. (a...agricultural commodities and other foods that will be delivered to States during the school year under the food distribution regulations (7 CFR part...

Joint MPP/JD ProgramProgramDescription The combined JD/ MPP program levers the considerable and associated intellectual discourses than would be possible in either degree program on its own. The importance of these degree programs will provide students with an opportunity to integrate public policy considerations

We show how to interoperate, semantically and inferentially, between the leading Semantic Web approaches to rules (RuleML Logic Programs) and ontologies (OWL/DAML+OIL Description Logic) via analyzing their expressive ...

The Programmer's apprentice (PA) is an automated program development tool. The PA depends upon a library of common algorithms (cliches) as the source of its knowledge about programming. The PA uses these cliches to understand ...

This study analyzed the viability of financing a voucher program for cocaine addicts in Spain through public and private donations. Of the 136 companies contacted, 52 (38%) provided donations. The difference between the benefits (15,670€/$20,371) and the costs (3,734€/$4,854) was 11,936€/$15,517. The type of reinforcer a company can offer, the size of the company, and the time elapsed before responding may be determining variables in a company's decision whether to collaborate. PMID:19192866

Anecdotal discussions regarding donor contributions to athletic departments have long placed considerable emphasis on the\\u000a success of the departments’ athletic programs. Among the most visible sports is football. The purpose of this study was to\\u000a explore one high profile athletic department’s level of financial gifts and donations related to the performance of the university’s\\u000a prestigious football program. The following data

For more than 30 years the Department of Energy (DOE) and its predecessor agencies have conducted research and development aimed at beneficial uses of products derived from its nuclear activities. An important and promising element of radiation technology is the Program for Radioluminescent (RL) development. For years simple RL devices, such as aircraft exit signs, have served necessary functions in society. Electrons exciting phosphors and producing light is a fundamental concept to which the layman can immediately relate, while gaining a balanced perspective concerning risk and safety. DOE`s RL lighting development program has advanced the technology with infrared RL markers for helipads which are not detectable without the aid of special viewers. These devices were used to aid in the evacuation of wounded from Grenada. Visible RL airfield lighting has been used to promote aviation safety in remote Eskimo communities in Alaska, and non-electric taxiway signs and markers in the corrosive saline soils of Florida airports. The current plan is to consolidate past accomplishments and develop RL devices and systems using advanced technology for new applications. The potential for improved performance that solid-matrix RL techniques offer has stimulated interest in a variety of innovative applications for which electric lighting has long been the only practical alternative. The program described in this document is intended to provide for an optimum development and application of RL technology while supporting the transfer of this technology to the private sector and providing an institutional perspective from which the longer range applications and ramifications of this technology can be anticipated.

Mitochondrial donation Q&A: Mitochondrial donation #12;Mitochondrial donation What is mitochondrial DNA disease, and multiple different organs can be affected as mitochondria are present in all tissues? Mitochondrial DNA disease commonly affects multiple different organs, with symptoms including loss of movement

The use of dissection to study human anatomy is the foundation for educational excellence among future health professionals, as it offers an ideal opportunity to learn the body's morphology in three dimensions while also providing students with a more humanistic education. The shortage of bodies for dissection, combined with the Brazilian population's lack of knowledge concerning the possibility of voluntarily donating their own bodies, led to the creation of the Body DonationPrograms for Education and Research in Anatomy at the Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA). The program is based on three pillars: Informing the general public about the program, donor registration, and donation itself. Since the creation of the donor program in 2008, there has been an increase in both the number of donations made during donor's lifetime and the number of bodies received by the university. There has also been a shift in relation to the origin of these bodies, as before the creation of the program most bodies were unclaimed cadavers, while today most of the bodies are sourced from voluntary donations. The initial results regarding the public's acceptance of the possibility of making body donations have been encouraging, as shown by the annual growth in donor registrations. Consequently, the quality and quantity of the material available for educational purposes have greatly improved. PMID:23184541

The Brain and Body DonationProgram (BBDP) at Banner Sun Health Research Institute (http://www.brainandbodydonationprogram.org) started in 1987 with brain-only donations and currently has banked more than 1600 brains. More than 430 whole-body donations have been received since this service was commenced in 2005. The collective academic output of the BBDP is now described as the Arizona Study of Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders (AZSAND). Most BBDP subjects are enrolled as cognitively normal volunteers residing in the retirement communities of metropolitan Phoenix, Arizona. Specific recruitment efforts are also directed at subjects with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and cancer. The median age at death is 82. Subjects receive standardized general medical, neurological, neuropsychological and movement disorders assessments during life and more than 90% receive full pathological examinations by medically licensed pathologists after death. The Program has been funded through a combination of internal, federal and state of Arizona grants as well as user fees and pharmaceutical industry collaborations. Subsets of the Program are utilized by the US National Institute on Aging Arizona Alzheimer's Disease Core Center and the US National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Brain and Tissue Resource for Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders. Substantial funding has also been received from the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research. The Program has made rapid autopsy a priority, with a 3.0-hour median post-mortem interval for the entire collection. The median RNA Integrity Number (RIN) for frozen brain and body tissue is 8.9 and 7.4, respectively. More than 2500 tissue requests have been served and currently about 200 are served annually. These requests have been made by more than 400 investigators located in 32 US states and 15 countries. Tissue from the BBDP has contributed to more than 350 publications and more than 200 grant-funded projects. PMID:25619230

The global organ shortage is the strongest factor for the increase in transplant wait time and deaths on waitlists. Here we describe a model for involving high school students in education research around organ donation and transplantation and capitalize on the strength of a pre-existing educational program offered by the local organ procurement organization (OPO). While training in education research at Cleveland Clinic, a high school student embarked on a collaborative project with the local OPO. The project involved evaluating three educational programs, selecting the most appropriate program for administration at her school, coordinating with the student's school administration and teachers, administering an assessment tool for the effectiveness of the program, and analyzing the results. The local OPO program that was selected for implementation consisted of a video presentation entitled "Share your life, share your decision" prepared by the United States Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), lectures by invited speakers and an educational assessment (pre- and post-education). The assessment survey included 3 multiple choice and 7 true/false questions. Compared to the over 2500 programs administered in the last 5 years by the local OPO, this program had a higher volume of participation (n = 353 compared to an average of 150 students/day). Students correctly classified transplantation status of more organ and tissues post-education (P < .0001 for both). For 5 out of the 7 true/false questions, students correctly answered questions more frequently post-education (P ? .002 for all). This experience included for the first time a formal assessment of the program which will be utilized to address targeted areas for specific improvements. This student collaborative model of involving students in organ donation and transplantation related education research has the potential to promote and maximize the effectiveness of educational programs targeting their peers. PMID:23726553

Rapid Tissue Donation (RTD) is an advancing oncology research procedure for collecting tumors, metastases, and unaffected tissue 2 to 6 hours after death. Researchers can better determine rates of progression, response to treatment, and polymorphic differences among patients. Cancer patients may inquire about posthumous body donation for research to offer a personal contribution to research; however, there are barriers to recruiting for an RTD program. Physicians must reassure the patient that their treatment options and quality of care will not be compromised due to participating in RTD. In this commentary we discuss how theories of altruism may explain cancer patients’ desire to participate in an RTD program, the ethical concerns of health care professionals and patients and the use of altruism as a recruitment strategy. We offer recommendations for examining the cultural and ethical climate of the institution prior to initiating such a program such as examining the relationship of healthcare professionals and patients, identifying ethical concerns, and examining ways to promote acceptance and buy-in across professionals, patients, and families. PMID:23539332

Educational Leadership Description of the Program The Administrative Services Credential programs of leadership in P-12 education institutions. All students are admitted starting in the fall of each academic to the Educational Leadership program area of concentration for the M.A. degree in Education. This course of study

Mature Student Programming Peer Helper Position Description Position Title: Mature Student of students as they transition into, through and out of the University of Calgary. Mature Student Programming Peer Helpers provide leadership and academic mentorship to University of Calgary's mature student

in the case of eye removals, the Montana Body DonationProgram cannot use the rest of the body following organ donation. However, if circumstances were not favorable for organ donation at death, we could useMONTANA BODY DONATIONPROGRAM Each year many Montana residents make extraordinary gifts by donating

removals, the Montana Body DonationProgram cannot use the rest of the body following organ donation. However, if circumstances were not favorable for organ donation at death, we could use the complete bodyMONTANA BODY DONATIONPROGRAM Each year many Montana residents make extraordinary gifts by donating

Alberta Alzheimer Research Program III Description The Alzheimer Society of Alberta and Northwest Territories (ASANT) and the Alberta Prion Research Institute (Prion Institute) present the Alberta Alzheimer for research directly related to Alzheimer's disease in areas related to understanding the fundamental

The International Registry in Organ Donation and Transplantation (IRODaT) seeks to support the transplant community by providing up-to-date data on organ donation and transplantation worldwide at three different levels: national, regional, and Hospital. The database provides up-to-date information provided by a network of professionals directly involved in the various stages of the donation and transplantation process. All collected data are made public online, so professionals can use them as descriptive and epidemiological references. The registry provides numbers on donors after brain death, donors after cardiac death, and living donors, as well as on specific organ transplantation activities related to the three types of organ donation. A subregistry on tissue and cell donation has been made available as well. All numbers are continuously checked, updated, and validated and, when needed, responsible representatives are contacted for the required statistics. Data on organ donation and transplantation from 2009 and 2010 have been collected from 63 countries. The information reveals a remarkable increase in the donation rate in some countries such as Croatia, Italy, Slovenia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Australia, Luxemburg, Poland, Brazil, Singapore, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Romania, Bulgaria, Mexico, Russia, and Argentina. IRODaT provides data concerning the organ donation and transplantation activities for the general public and professionals around the world. National and comparative statistics generated on an international basis can be provided that is of extreme value to scientific programs and social and governmental bodies because they can support different initiatives of current practices in organ and tissue donation in any country or region of the world. PMID:22841222

... More about Platelet Apheresis Donations » Back to Top Plasma Apheresis Plasma is collected simultaneously with a platelet donation and ... American Red Cross Donation Centers only. During a plasma apheresis donation, the blood is collected by a ...

The Atmospheric and Oceanographic Information Processing System (AOIPS) 3 is the version of the AOIPS software as of April 1989. The AOIPS software was developed jointly by the Goddard Space Flight Center and General Sciences Corporation. A detailed description of very AOIPS program is presented. It is intended to serve as a reference for such items as program functionality, program operational instructions, and input/output variable descriptions. Programdescriptions are derived from the on-line help information. Each programdescription is divided into two sections. The functional description section describes the purpose of the program and contains any pertinent operational information. The programdescription sections lists the program variables as they appear on-line, and describes them in detail.

Introduction: The attitude of health care personnel is fundamental for the procurement of organs, especially when they are based in transplant-related services. The objective of this study is to assess the attitude of hospital personnel in transplant-related services toward living kidney donation in a hospital with a cadaveric and living solid organ transplant program. Materials and Methods: A random sample

...37-DONATION OF SURPLUS PERSONAL PROPERTY General Provisions Donation Overview § 102-37...the donation of surplus property to public airports under a program administered by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) (see...

Results of a survey of baccalaureate programs for dental hygienists concerning their program structure, objectives, and graduate employment patterns are reported and their implications for program development and research efforts are discussed. (MSE)

the health sciences education and research enterprise. Achieving this goal is the responsibility with legal requirements as well as standard tracking forms developed by UCOP for use by all campuses enterprise. Achieving this goal is the responsibility of the program staff, medical school deans

This paper provides a basic description of the Narconon Program components, the methodology applied and the underlying rationale behind the approach. A basic understanding of the main features of the program may help to consider what it may have to offer to individuals with substance abuse problems. A better appreciation of the program may be obtained through actual visits of

ADJUSTING FURLOUGH LEAVE ACCRUAL BALANCES DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAMS The following program affects the furlough leave accrual balances for faculty: The Clinical Coverage Program (CCP) is being used they are paid. This document will provide guidance only for manually adjusting furlough balances as a result

liberal arts and basic science education followed by three years of professional physician assistant are awarded a Masters degree by Rutgers. Graduates are eligible to sit for the Physician Assistant National/MPH program. This program is offered by the Physician Assistant Program in conjunction with the Rutgers School

A description is given of the Two-Phase Pump Performance Project Test Facility, which is located at the Kreisinger Development Laboratory of Combustion Engineering, Inc., in Windsor, Connecticut. The text outlines and describes the physical system which constitutes the facility, as well as the specific pump being tested in the EPRI program. Considerable emphasis is given to a description of the

Public Administration and Community Development ProgramDescription (from UNBC calendar) Major in Public Administration and Community Development The Public Administration and Community Development major to communicate clearly through written, oral, and graphic mediums. The Public Administration and Community

The system engineering approach has been taken to describe the technical baseline under which the Solid Waste Program is currently operating. The document contains a mission analysis, function analysis, system definition, documentation requirements, facility and project bases, and uncertainties facing the program.

PROBE is a search and retrieval program designed for use with large tape files of bibliographic data such as the ERIC system's "Research in Education" and "Current Index to Journals in Education" data bases. The program, implemented on a CDC 6600 computer and being developed for the IBM 360, is characterized by a broad range of capabilities and…

ProgramDescription: Rutgers Business School Â­ Business Student Transition at Rutgers (B-STAR) Program is a highly competitive six-week summer academic and residential bridge program offered by the RBS Office of Diversity Programs. The B-STAR program is a signature program included in the RBS Â­ PLUS

...Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01...Housing and Urban Development Office of the...Housing and Urban Development HOME INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIPS PROGRAM Allocation...statement of the policy and...

...Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FEDERAL WORK-STUDY PROGRAMS Work-Colleges...flexibility in strengthening the self-help-through-work element in...

...AND GRANTS TO STATES Introduction; State Plans for Child Health Insurance Programs and Outreach Strategies § 457...authorizes Federal grants to States for provision of child health assistance to uninsured, low-income children....

...AND GRANTS TO STATES Introduction; State Plans for Child Health Insurance Programs and Outreach Strategies § 457...authorizes Federal grants to States for provision of child health assistance to uninsured, low-income children....

...AND GRANTS TO STATES Introduction; State Plans for Child Health Insurance Programs and Outreach Strategies § 457...authorizes Federal grants to States for provision of child health assistance to uninsured, low-income children....

The EMAP Project Descriptions is an annual document that details research activities throughout the program over the past fiscal year. Including an overview of EMAP's research structure, the document focuses on the program's eight resource groups, cross-program coordination groups, and several outreach components to describe all budgeted field and support activities. Each description includes a list of available and upcoming products, a contact for materials or more information, and brief text on the contributions of partner agencies and institutions to each research activity. The document is intended for readers who have a preliminary understanding of EMAP and would like more information on specific research components.

are utilized. The Dental Assistant must possess manual dexterity, good vision, good health, and optimal oral by educational preparation, type of practice, and the laws of the state in which employed. Multiple credentials programs, hospital dental clinics, private clinics, armed services, dental sales, dental manufacturing

Context: Professional master's (PM) athletic training programs (ATPs) are becoming more popular as the profession debates what the entry-level degree should be for athletic training. More information is needed related to the potential benefits of PM ATPs. Objective: Describe the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE)…

Organ donation in Australia has undergone a series of important changes in the past 3 years. An ethically complex and emotionally profound subject, important questions are being raised about the approach to organ donation by the government, by health-care professionals and also by the public. This paper highlights some of the changes within the Australian organ donation community and explores several controversies that accompany the widespread implementation of measures aimed at significantly improving organ donation throughout the country. PMID:21951449

... may be ideal for a simultaneous platelet and plasma donation. Anyone in need can receive your plasma, it is universal. Only 4% of the U.S. ... can donate up to 24 times per year. Plasma can be collected simultaneously with a platelet donation. ...

One of the obstacles to organ donation and transplantation in Turkey is that of religious beliefs and, at this point, religious officials constitute a key aspect of this problem. Positive or negative viewpoints held by religious officials regarding organ donation and transplantation are influential in guiding the public. This descriptive study was conducted for the purpose of describing religious officials' viewpoints on this subject. To determine the opinions of 40 religious officials from among the imams and muezzins working in Zeytinburnu District Mufti (Religious Officials Superior) Station who participated in a normal meeting in April and who fully completed the survey. A 27-question survey form was used that consisted of open-ended and closed questions, 5 of which were on socio-demographic characteristics, 13 on viewpoints on organ donation and transplantation, and 9 on the Islamic viewpoint regarding organ donation and transplantation. For the analysis of the results, Student's t test and one-way ANOVA tests were used. It was found that all of the religious officials believed in the importance of organ donation, 80 % considered donating their organs, and 5 % had made an organ donation. Of the religious officials who had not donated organs, 35 % gave an answer that there was no specific reason and 27.5 % stated that they had never considered the subject. While the number of those stating that they would donate the organs of a close associate who had died, 77.5 % of them who did not want to donate gave as their reason the idea that if it were him, he would perhaps not want to give his organs after death. Of the religious officials questioned, 92.5 % asserted that the religion of Islam looked positively on organ donation and transplantation, 55 % stated that the knowledge of religious officials in the country was inadequate regarding this subject, and 65 % said that for interest in organ donation to increase, religious officials should make speeches and raise the issue with the public in conversations, meetings, and sermons. Fully 85 % asserted that for interest in organ donation in Turkey to increase, religious officials have to lead on the subject. Of those questioned, 52.5 % considered their knowledge on organ donation and transplantation to be adequate and that they had obtained 52.5 % of such information from seminars/conferences, 50 % from television/radio, and 45 % from Directorate of Religious Affairs publications. However, 40 % expressed that they did not know where organ donations were made. One reason for inadequate organ donation in Turkey is that of incorrect religious beliefs. Thus, it is necessary that informative efforts are made by the Directorate of Religious Affairs through in-house training programs, and that healthcare, religious, and legal officials work jointly to inform the public about organ donation, organ transplantation, and brain death. Additionally, religious officials should donate organs by the way of example and, to increase their sensitivity, healthcare professionals should go more frequently to mosques and Mufti Stations. PMID:24658689

Programdescriptions, flow charts, and program listings for the SIMWEST model generation program, the simulation program, the file maintenance program, and the printer plotter program are given. For Vol 2, see .

The informal, descriptive portraits of 11 career education programs are based on visits from November to February 1974-75, and reports by program staff, teachers, students, parents, and business and community organizations involved with the programs. Individual characteristics of the programs are described as well as general information regarding…

A descriptive study was implemented to determine how urban school counselors adhere to the Gysbers and Henderson (2000) and Myrick (1993) models of school counseling programs. One hundred and two counselors in six urban centers (New York; Newark, NJ; Philadelphia; Washington, DC; Trenton, NJ," and Baltimore) completed the Urban School Counselor…

This paper introduces a Minimum Description Length (MDL) principle to define fitnessfunctions in Genetic Programming (GP). In traditional (Koza-style) GP, the size oftrees was usually controlled by user-defined parameters, such as the maximum number ofnodes and maximum tree depth. Large tree sizes meant that the time necessary to measuretheir fitnesses often dominated total processing time. To overcome this difficulty, weintroduce

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Since 1979, the Billy Mills Indian Youth Leadership Program has attempted to address the special growing up problems related to existence in two cultures of approximately 10,000 Indian youth. The program involves Indian youth in processes and activities that provide opportunities to enhance their self-image; develop their leadership potential; and…

Drug donations are usually given in response to acute emergencies, but they can also be part of development aid. Donations may be given directly by governments, by non-governmental organisations, as corporate donations (direct or through private voluntary organisations), or as private donations to single health facilities. Although there are legitimate differences between these donations, basic rules should apply to them all. This common core of "good donation practice" is the basis for new guidelines which have recently been issued by the World Health Organisation after consultation with all relevant United Nations agencies, the Red Cross, and other major international agencies active in humanitarian emergency relief. This article summarises the need for such guidelines, the development process, the core principles, and the guidelines themselves and gives practical advice to recipients and donor agencies. PMID:9116555

Risks of transfusion are minimized with autologous blood. However, autologous donationprograms require 2 to 5 weeks to yield only 2.2 units per patient. Recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) has been shown to increase erythropoiesis. This study evaluated the effects of r-HuEPO on an aggressive autologous donationprogram. Twelve adult male baboons were randomized into two groups of six. All animals were studied three times per week for 5 weeks. A unit of blood was donated when on any study day the hematocrit was greater than 30%. Animals received intravenously either 750 units/kg of r-HuEPO (n = 6) or placebo (n = 6) on each study day. Iron dextran was given intravenously to replace 150% of shed iron. The r-HuEPO group had an earlier onset of reticulocytosis (2.7 vs 5.5 days, p less than 0.01) and donated 35% more blood (13.5 vs 10.0 units, p = 0.01) than the control group. No adverse reactions to r-HuEPO were observed. The data show that an aggressive autologous donationprogram can yield 10 units of blood over a 5-week period. Further, r-HuEPO increases that yield by an additional 35%. This aggressive autologous donationprogram with r-HuEPO may significantly reduce the need for homologous transfusion and its attendant risks. PMID:3400066

The structure and functions of each reporting software program for the Software Engineering Laboratory data base are described. Baseline diagrams, module descriptions, and listings of program generation files are included.

...FAA provide to GSA on its administration of the public airport donationprogram...PERSONAL PROPERTY Donations to Public Airports § 102-37.535...FAA provide to GSA on its administration of the public airport donation...

...FAA provide to GSA on its administration of the public airport donationprogram...PERSONAL PROPERTY Donations to Public Airports § 102-37.535...FAA provide to GSA on its administration of the public airport donation...

...FAA provide to GSA on its administration of the public airport donationprogram...PERSONAL PROPERTY Donations to Public Airports § 102-37.535...FAA provide to GSA on its administration of the public airport donation...

...FAA provide to GSA on its administration of the public airport donationprogram...PERSONAL PROPERTY Donations to Public Airports § 102-37.535...FAA provide to GSA on its administration of the public airport donation...

...FAA provide to GSA on its administration of the public airport donationprogram...PERSONAL PROPERTY Donations to Public Airports § 102-37.535...FAA provide to GSA on its administration of the public airport donation...

...REGULATIONS AND POLICIES-FOOD DISTRIBUTION DONATION OF FOODS FOR...incurred in administering the Food Distribution Program for the upcoming...the handling, storage and distribution of donated foods which: (1) Are...

A new boiling water reactor safety test facility (FIST, Full Integral Simulation Test) is described. It will be used to investigate small breaks and operational transients and to tie results from such tests to earlier large-break test results determined in the TLTA. The new facility's full height and prototypical components constitute a major scaling improvement over earlier test facilities. A heated feedwater system, permitting steady-state operation, and a large increase in the number of measurements are other significant improvements. The program background is outlined and program objectives defined. The design basis is presented together with a detailed, complete description of the facility and measurements to be made. An extensive component scaling analysis and prediction of performance are presented.

... needed resources and pumps money into the local economy to help businesses recover. Remember, unsolicited donated goods ... Recovery lasts a lot longer than the media attention. There will be volunteer needs for many months, ...

The responsible HUD Field Office will review an insular area's programdescription and will approve the description unless the insular area has failed to submit information sufficient to allow HUD to make the necessary determinations required for §...

Information is presented on the 43 projects funded by the United States Geological Survey 's Water Resources Grant Program in fiscal year 1986. The report gives the grant number; project title; performing organization; principal investigator(s); dates; and a project description which includes (1) identification of the water related problems and problem-solution approach, (2) contribution to problem solution, (3) objectives, (4) approach, and (5) result users. The 43 projects include 14 in the area of groundwater management, 6 in surface-water management, 2 in systems-operating/planning, 3 in irrigation management, 8 in desalination/reuse, 6 in economic/institutional studies, and 4 in climate variability. The reports contain tables showing (1) funding according to research topic, (2) projects funded to type of submitting organization, (3) proposals received, research topic, and funding levels, and (4) submitting organization. A comparison is given to fiscal year 1985 in each case. (USGS)

A complete description of the additional analysis, development and evaluation provided for the SIRU system as identified in the requirements for the SIRU utilization program is presented. The SIRU configuration is a modular inertial subsystem with hardware and software features that achieve fault tolerant operational capabilities. The SIRU redundant hardware design is formulated about a six gyro and six accelerometer instrument module package. The modules are mounted in this package so that their measurement input axes form a unique symmetrical pattern that corresponds to the array of perpendiculars to the faces of a regular dodecahedron. This six axes array provides redundant independent sensing and the symmetry enables the formulation of an optimal software redundant data processing structure with self-contained fault detection and isolation (FDI) capabilities. Documentation of the additional software and software modifications required to implement the utilization capabilities includes assembly listings and flow charts

Nurses play a significant role in identifying and securing potential organ donors in the clinical environment. Research among Indian nurses related to organ donation is sparse. The present study aimed to investigate nurses' attitudes towards organ donation. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was carried out among nurses (n=184) at a tertiary care centre. Data were collected through self-report questionnaire. A majority (81%) of the respondents were 'willing to sign the card' for organ donation; however, only 3.8% (n=7) of them actually 'signed the organ donation card'. There were significant associations found between intentions to sign the organ donation card and gender (x(2)=5.852; p<0.054), religion (x(2)=40.175; p<0.000), and experience caring for brain-dead patients (x(2)=22.790; p<0.001). The researchers strongly suggest continuing education for nurses to enhance skills and knowledge, as well as sensitivity to cultural, ethical, social, and religious issues, and advocacy in the area of organ donation. Furthermore, nurse administrators must take the initiative to develop guidelines clarifying the role of nurses in the organ donation and transplantation process to promote organ donation and improve rates. PMID:26153809

AUTOBAYES is a fully automatic program synthesis system for the statistical data analysis domain. Its input is a concise description of a data analysis problem in the form of a statistical model; its output is optimized and fully documented C/C++ code which can be linked dynamically into the Matlab and Octave environments. AUTOBAYES synthesizes code by a schema-guided deductive process. Schemas (i.e., code templates with associated semantic constraints) are applied to the original problem and recursively to emerging subproblems. AUTOBAYES complements this approach by symbolic computation to derive closed-form solutions whenever possible. In this paper, we concentrate on the interaction between the symbolic computations and the deductive synthesis process. A statistical model specifies for each problem variable (i.e., data or parameter) its properties and dependencies in the form of a probability distribution, A typical data analysis task is to estimate the best possible parameter values from the given observations or measurements. The following example models normal-distributed data but takes prior information (e.g., from previous experiments) on the data's mean value and variance into account.

The objective of the Environmental Compliance and Protection (EC and P) ProgramDescription (PD) is to establish minimum environmental compliance requirements and natural resources protection goals for the Bechtel Jacobs Company LLC (BJC) Oak Ridge Environmental Management Cleanup Contract (EMCC) Contract Number DE-AC05-98OR22700-M198. This PD establishes the work practices necessary to ensure protection of the environment during the performance of EMCC work activities on the US Department of Energy's (DOE's) Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, by BJC employees and subcontractor personnel. Both BJC and subcontractor personnel are required to implement this PD. A majority of the decontamination and demolition (D and D) activities and media (e.g., soil and groundwater) remediation response actions at DOE sites on the ORR are conducted under the authority of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA). CERCLA activities are governed by individual CERCLA decision documents (e.g., Record of Decision [ROD] or Action Memorandum) and according to requirements stated in the Federal Facility Agreement for the Oak Ridge Reservation (DOE 1992). Applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) for the selected remedy are the requirements for environmental remediation responses (e.g., removal actions and remedial actions) conducted under CERCLA.

This users manual is the second part of a two-part report describing the NASA Lewis CEA (Chemical Equilibrium with Applications) program. The program obtains chemical equilibrium compositions of complex mixtures with applications to several types of problems. The topics presented in this manual are: (1) details for preparing input data sets; (2) a description of output tables for various types of problems; (3) the overall modular organization of the program with information on how to make modifications; (4) a description of the function of each subroutine; (5) error messages and their significance; and (6) a number of examples that illustrate various types of problems handled by CEA and that cover many of the options available in both input and output. Seven appendixes give information on the thermodynamic and thermal transport data used in CEA; some information on common variables used in or generated by the equilibrium module; and output tables for 14 example problems. The CEA program was written in ANSI standard FORTRAN 77. CEA should work on any system with sufficient storage. There are about 6300 lines in the source code, which uses about 225 kilobytes of memory. The compiled program takes about 975 kilobytes.

Although peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) have replaced bone marrow (BM) as the most common unrelated donor progenitor cell product collected, a direct comparison of concurrent PBSC versus BM donation experiences has not been performed. We report a prospective study of 2726 BM and 6768 PBSC donors who underwent collection from 2004 to 2009. Pain and toxicities were assessed at baseline, during G-CSF administration, on the day of collection, within 48 hours of donation, and weekly until full recovery. Peak levels of pain and toxicities did not differ between the 2 donation processes for most donors. Among obese donors, PBSC donors were at increased risk of grade 2 to 4 pain as well as grade 2 to 4 toxicities during the pericollection period. In contrast, BM donors were more likely to experience grade 2 to 4 toxicities at 1 week and pain at 1 week and 1 month after the procedure. BM donors experienced slower recovery, with 3% still not fully recovered at 24 weeks, whereas 100% of PBSC donors had recovered. Other factors associated with toxicity included obesity, increasing age, and female sex. In summary, this study provides extensive detail regarding individualized risk patterns of PBSC versus BM donation toxicity, suggesting donor profiles that can be targeted with interventions to minimize toxicity. PMID:23109243

Although peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) have replaced bone marrow (BM) as the most common unrelated donor progenitor cell product collected, a direct comparison of concurrent PBSC versus BM donation experiences has not been performed. We report a prospective study of 2726 BM and 6768 PBSC donors who underwent collection from 2004 to 2009. Pain and toxicities were assessed at baseline, during G-CSF administration, on the day of collection, within 48 hours of donation, and weekly until full recovery. Peak levels of pain and toxicities did not differ between the 2 donation processes for most donors. Among obese donors, PBSC donors were at increased risk of grade 2 to 4 pain as well as grade 2 to 4 toxicities during the pericollection period. In contrast, BM donors were more likely to experience grade 2 to 4 toxicities at 1 week and pain at 1 week and 1 month after the procedure. BM donors experienced slower recovery, with 3% still not fully recovered at 24 weeks, whereas 100% of PBSC donors had recovered. Other factors associated with toxicity included obesity, increasing age, and female sex. In summary, this study provides extensive detail regarding individualized risk patterns of PBSC versus BM donation toxicity, suggesting donor profiles that can be targeted with interventions to minimize toxicity. PMID:23109243

The Neuroscience Institute of Schizophrenia and Allied Disorders's (NISAD) "Gift of Hope" Tissue Donor Program is a volunteer programme for people who wish to donate their brain when they die for neuroscience research into schizophrenia. Organ donation for purposes of research differs from transplant donation in a number of ways, most notably the absence of a single recipient. Within a particular community, however, (people with schizophrenia and their carers) the single recipient is replaced by a sense of shared experience and preventing suffering in others. Donors have an investment in the research. PMID:12796437

...HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES SHELTER PLUS CARE Assistance Provided § 582.100 Program component...rehabilitation under this program, but the gross rent (contract rent plus any utility allowance) for those units will be no...

...HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES SHELTER PLUS CARE Assistance Provided § 582.100 Program component...rehabilitation under this program, but the gross rent (contract rent plus any utility allowance) for those units will be no...

...HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES SHELTER PLUS CARE Assistance Provided § 582.100 Program component...rehabilitation under this program, but the gross rent (contract rent plus any utility allowance) for those units will be no...

...HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES SHELTER PLUS CARE Assistance Provided § 582.100 Program component...rehabilitation under this program, but the gross rent (contract rent plus any utility allowance) for those units will be no...

...HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES SHELTER PLUS CARE Assistance Provided § 582.100 Program component...rehabilitation under this program, but the gross rent (contract rent plus any utility allowance) for those units will be no...

Please list the Services & Activities provided by the Service Area The activities of this service area include the planning, development, design and operation of the City's: -cycling-facilities program (network planning, bicycle lanes, pathways, markings, signage and parking, educational materials); -pedestrian-facilities program (network planning, new sidewalks, curb cuts, safety and encouragement programs); and -transportation-demand management (TDM) program (measures to encourage

and Human Nutrition Program, students choose from one of three concentrations -- human nutrition and dietetics, food science or food management.e human nutrition and dietetics degree program is accredited four-year degree program in human nutrition in Maine accredited by the ADA. e food science

A descriptive study was conducted to identify problems associated with the attitudes, beliefs, and lack of participation of a small Afro-American population concerning organ donation. I. King's theory of goal attainment was used to compare stated beliefs with reported behaviors that would indicate a willingness to participate in organ donation.

Bayesian Inference, Minimum Description Length Principle, and Learning by Genetic Programming1 for dealing with _problems of parsimony based on the minimum description length (MDL) principle [13]. The MDL principle has also been used in other tree-based learning algorithms such as CART (2] and ID3 [11], in which

Information on each of the 24 projects funded by the U.S. Geological Survey in FY 1985 under section 105 of Public Law 93-242 (the Water Resources Research Act of 1984) is presented, including the grant number, organization, the period of performance, and a brief description of the work to be carried out. (Lantz-PTT)

The development of the online database for art and architectural slides at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute is described, along with adjustments made to accommodate the use of nonbook materials, descriptive language within an existing MARC-based system, and the integration of the database with the library's online catalog for books. (EAM)

The streamline divergence program was developed to demonstrate the capability to trace inviscid surface streamlines and to calculate outflow-corrected laminar and turbulent convective heating rates on surfaces subjected to exhaust plume impingement. The analytical techniques used in formulating this program are discussed. A brief description of the streamline divergence program is given along with a user's guide. The program input and output for a sample case are also presented.

Lactation and breast milk can hold great value and meaning for grieving mothers who have experienced a recent death of an infant. Donation to a human milk bank (HMB) as an alternative to discarding breast milk is one means of respecting the value of breast milk. There is little research, national policy discussion, or organizational representation in Australia on the subject of breast milk donation after infant death. On 29 November 2013 the Mercy Hospital for Women in Melbourne, Australia hosted Australia's first National Stakeholder Meeting (NSM) on the topic of milk donation after neonatal death. The NSM drew together representatives from Australian HMBs, neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) currently using donor human milk, and Australia's chief NICU parent support organization. The NSM was video-recorded and transcribed, and analyzed thematically by researchers. This article reports the seven dominant themes discussed by stakeholders during the NSM: the spectrum of women's lactation and donation experiences after infant death; the roles of the HMB and NICU in meeting the needs of the bereaved donor; how bereaved mothers' lactation autonomy may interface with a HMB's donation guidelines; how milk donation may be discussed with bereaved mothers; the variation between four categories of milk donation after neonatal death; the impact of limited resources and few HMBs on providing donationprograms for bereaved mothers in Australia. This article provides evidence from researchers and practitioners that can assist HMB staff in refining their bank's policy on milk donation after infant death, and provides national policy makers with key considerations to support lactation, human milk banking, and bereavement services nation-wide. PMID:25530794

Background: In 2007, our healthcare system established a clinical fellowship program in pathology informatics. In 2011, the program benchmarked its structure and operations against a 2009 white paper “Program requirements for fellowship education in the subspecialty of clinical informatics”, endorsed by the Board of the American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA) that described a proposal for a general clinical informatics fellowship program. Methods: A group of program faculty members and fellows compared each of the proposed requirements in the white paper with the fellowship program's written charter and operations. The majority of white paper proposals aligned closely with the rules and activities in our program and comparison was straightforward. In some proposals, however, differences in terminology, approach, and philosophy made comparison less direct, and in those cases, the thinking of the group was recorded. After the initial evaluation, the remainder of the faculty reviewed the results and any disagreements were resolved. Results: The most important finding of the study was how closely the white paper proposals for a general clinical informatics fellowship program aligned with the reality of our existing pathology informatics fellowship. The program charter and operations of the program were judged to be concordant with the great majority of specific white paper proposals. However, there were some areas of discrepancy and the reasons for the discrepancies are discussed in the manuscript. Conclusions: After the comparison, we conclude that the existing pathology informatics fellowship could easily meet all substantive proposals put forth in the 2009 clinical informatics program requirements white paper. There was also agreement on a number of philosophical issues, such as the advantages of multiple fellows, the need for core knowledge and skill sets, and the need to maintain clinical skills during informatics training. However, there were other issues, such as a requirement for a 2-year fellowship and for informatics fellowships to be done after primary board certification, that pathology should consider carefully as it moves toward a subspecialty status and board certification. PMID:22530179

Paying for kidney or other organ donation has lead to heated debates about donor and recipient welfare. Many have argued that paying for donation leads to coercion and exploitation of the poor, and, in the end, produces more harm than good. Others have said that payment helps the poor, and we should all have sovereignty over our bodies and, thus, should be allowed to donate for remuneration. Although World Health Organizations and governments in many countries have now banned the process of paying for donation, there is still ongoing payment legally and illegally. Thus, this timely set of three articles from Iran, Pakistan, and the Philippines, where paid donation has been extensively performed, will allow the reader to decide for themselves whether the benefits and/or harms of this practice are now clear. PMID:22732047

Morning Report (MR) is a frequently held case conference in most Family Medicine (FM) residency programs among medical learners who discuss recent inpatient admissions before the day's care of patients. This study conducted a national survey of FM residency program directors to describe the roles of faculty and residents in facilitating MR.…

In response to increasing difficulty in finding qualified candidates for entry-level positions, the Aetna company has developed an Adult Training and Employment program. This program (1) trains, hires, and retains nontraditional candidates from the area's public and private agencies; (2) focuses on issues that affect this population's ability to…

This document, the second of two teacher's guides to the "Carrascolendas 600 II Series" presents a detailed analysis of each of the 52 individual programs of a bilingual (Spanish/English) television program which is geared toward encouraging affective learning--that is, learning focussed on children's feelings, interests, needs, concerns,…

This paper describes magnet school programs offering a special or enhanced curricula to attract an ethnically diverse population at all grade levels in the Houston (Texas) Independent School District (HISD). Researchers collected data through interviews, site visits, brochures, campus programs summaries, and an analysis of the Student Master File.…

Nine adult education programs being conducted in Italy are described in the case studies in this packet. The courses range from adult basic education to continuing education courses in languages and management. Most are described in connection with the area of the country in which they are offered. The following programs are profiled: (1) public…

Three adult education programs being conducted in Japan are described in the case studies in this packet. The first case study (by K. Moro'oka) describes an adult education center in Ohyama in which education and community services are integrated. The program first put emphasis on community building, then on the development of human resources.…

These recommendations are the result of a national, multidisciplinary, year-long process to discuss whether and how to proceed with organ donation after cardiocirculatory death (DCD) in Canada. A national forum was held in February 2005 to discuss and develop recommendations on the principles, procedures and practice related to DCD, including ethical and legal considerations. At the forum's conclusion, a strong majority of participants supported proceeding with DCD programs in Canada. The forum also recognized the need to formulate and emphasize core values to guide the development of programs and protocols based on the medical, ethical and legal framework established at this meeting. Although end-of-life care should routinely include the opportunity to donate organs and tissues, the duty of care toward dying patients and their families remains the dominant priority of health care teams. The complexity and profound implications of death are recognized and should be respected, along with differing personal, ethnocultural and religious perspectives on death and donation. Decisions around withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies, management of the dying process and the determination of death by cardiocirculatory criteria should be separate from and independent of donation and transplant processes. The recommendations in this report are intended to guide individual programs, regional health authorities and jurisdictions in the development of DCD protocols. Programs will develop based on local leadership and advance planning that includes education and engagement of stakeholders, mechanisms to assure safety and quality and public information. We recommend that programs begin with controlled DCD within the intensive care unit where (after a consensual decision to withdraw life-sustaining therapy) death is anticipated, but has not yet occurred, and unhurried consent discussions can be held. Uncontrolled donation (where death has occurred after unanticipated cardiac arrest) should only be considered after a controlled DCD program is well established. Although we recommend that programs commence with kidney donation, regional transplant expertise may guide the inclusion of other organs. The impact of DCD, including pre-and post-mortem interventions, on donor family experiences, organ availability, graft function and recipient survival should be carefully documented and studied. PMID:17124739

An operational semantics for a significant subset of the Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL) has been developed. An unusual aspect of the semantics is that it was formulated as a Prolog logic program. This allows the possibility of simulating the semantics. In addition, a literate programming style has been used, so the semantics can be processed by the LaTeX document

The collected papers and research files of G. Earl Harbeck (deceased), noted U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) research hydraulic engineer, have recently been donated by the USGS Gulf Coast Hydroscience Center to the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Mississippi (University, Miss.). Harbeck performed important research in evaporation and evapotranspiration phenomena during the 1950s and 1960s that led to modern water and energy budget methods for lakes, streams, and reservoirs that are widely used today. Many of the papers in his files are unique; others have importance in the historical progression of evaporation research in lakes. Researchers or students interested in gaining access to the files may contact Robert M. Hackett, Chairman, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, for details.

The risks associated with the administration of blood products have increased efforts to avoid homologous transfusions. Preoperative autologous donation has received renewed interest as a method of decreasing homologous transfusion requirements. Autologous donations may also stimulate postoperative erythropoiesis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of an aggressive autologous donationprogram on postoperative erythropoiesis. Ten adult male baboons were divided into two groups. The autologous group (n = 5) donated an average of 2 units of blood per week for 5 weeks before operation. The control group (n = 5) had no preoperative treatment. All animals then underwent a laparotomy and exchange transfusion with hetastarch to a final hematocrit of 15 percent. The time required to recover to hematocrits of 20 percent (3.3 vs. 5.7 days, p less than 0.01), 25 percent (7.0 vs. 8.8 days, p less than 0.05), and 30 percent (11.1 vs. 17.7 days, p less than 0.01) was shorter in the autologous group. The autologous group had more intense reticulocytosis during the first 4 postoperative days (p less than 0.03). The data show that participation in an aggressive autologous donationprogram improves the erythropoietic response to anemia in the postoperative setting. This represents a hidden benefit of preoperative autologous donations and suggests that more aggressive donation schedules may be clinically beneficial. Recognition of that acceleration of erythropoiesis by autologous donation could further reduce the need for transfusion of homologous blood. PMID:2349626

Science and technology in the field of human reproduction present new legal, ethical and religious questions which do not always have immediate answers. The first step in the rapidly developed field of reproductive technology was the use of sperm donation (artificial insemination by donor, AID) and the establishment of sperm banks. The state of Israel faced these problems when the regulations for sperm donation were discussed. The fact that the main holy places for the three monotheistic religions are in Israel directly influences the make-up of the population constituents. Therefore, besides a majority of secular people, a high percentage of the population of Israel is very religious: Jews, Moslems and Christians. Thus any resolution relating to AID should take this demographic combination into account. The practice of AID is opposed by the different monotheistic religions. To avoid the conflict between secular and religious people, and between the different religions' perspectives, the legal problem of AID in Israel was solved not by laws but by regulations which were published by the Ministry of Health. The main idea behind this attitude is that the state and its authorities should not and do not deal with ethical or religious questions. Thus, the decision was left to the couples and to the donors. The regulations address technical requirements, health problems and confidential issues concerning the couple, the donor and the child. In this paper we present the different views relating to these problems as perceived by the different religions, and describe the solution that was accepted by the Israeli Ministry of Health. PMID:7650152

High schools specifically designed for students recovering from a substance use disorder (substance abuse or dependence) have been emerging as a continuing care resource since 1987. This study of 17 schools provides the first systematic description of recovery school programs and their students. The most common school model is that of a program or affiliated school, embedded organizationally and physically

The purpose of this quantitative descriptive correlational study was to determine if associations existed between middle- and early-college (MEC) principals' leadership styles, teacher motivation, and teacher satisfaction. MEC programs were programs designed to assist high school students who were not served well in a traditional setting (Middle…

In this paper we present Donation Dashboard, a system that recommends non-profit organizations to users in the form of a portfolio of donation amounts. Recommendations are made using our Eigentaste 2.0 constant-time collaborative filtering algorithm in combination with a new method for generating a weighted portfolio of recommendations. The key challenge is to generate a customized portfolio that does not

Browne et al. operations for swarm programs. A primitive defines a functional behavior of a swarm of devices, such as "disperse" or "flock". These primitives are described formally in terms of constraints on the state of the devices in the swarm. For example, disperse is described by the constraint that no two

Several issues are discussed related to the administration and operation of Mountain View College's (MVC) Cognitive Style Program, an assessment system based on the Modified Hill Model, which determines preferred learning styles for each student and thus aids the student in selecting appropriate classroom environments. After introductory material…

Aerobic exercise and resistance training have been proven to be beneficial for patients with heart failure. Current reimbursement guidelines exclude these patients from our traditional cardiac rehabilitation program, so at Newton Wellesley Hospital a clinic model was developed for the disease management and exercise of heart failure patients. PMID:22993502

with Biological Function (Fold F(x)) 4/3/2014 DARPA-BAA-14-13 The DARPA Fold F(x) program objective is to develop either synthesize or degrade a desired target. DARPA anticipates that successful efforts will include (1

may not be limited to): A) Whether or not an autopsy has been performed or organs have been donatedOctober 2013 Gift of Body Donation Form Thank you very much for expressing interest in donating, you should inform your family member(s), relatives, physicians or attorney of this donation in order

) Graduation Year Organization Donation Major () Company Name (Eng) / College/ Graduate School Donation Form Office of Institutional Advancement Donation Amount I would like to make donation to one-off HK$500 CUHK S.H. Ho College monthly HK$1,000 Chung Chi College

that donations should be consistent with the University's teaching and research activities. In general, material a taxation benefit under the Cultural Gifts Program for this donation? YES Please hand the donation/s and this completed form to staff at the Enquiries and Loans Desk, UTS Library

Unlike the United States, the potential to increase organ donation in Canada may be sufficient to meet the need for transplantation. However, there has been no national coordinated effort to increase organ donation. Strategies that do not involve payment for organs, such as investment in health care resources to support deceased donor organ donation and introduction of a remuneration framework for the work of deceased organ donation, should be prioritized for implementation. Financial incentives that may be permitted under existing legislation and that pose little risk to existing donation sources should be advanced, including the following: payment of funeral expenses for potential donors who register their decision on organ donation during life (irrespective of the decision to donate or actual organ donation) and removal of disincentives for directed and paired exchange living donation, such as payment of wages, payment for pain and suffering related to the donor surgery, and payment of directed living kidney donors for participation in Canada's paired exchange program. In contrast, it would be premature to contemplate a regulated system of organ sales that would require a paradigm shift in the current approach to organ donation and legislative change to implement. PMID:24200461

... You are here Home » Organ Donation and Transplantation Statistics There are currently 123,193 people waiting for ... org/2014/view/v2_06.aspx Facts and statistics provided by the United States Renal Data System , ...

Since 1990, the Organisation for Organ donation in Central Sweden has registered the numbers of donations at the various hospitals in the area. During this period, a significant decrease in donation rate was observed in the large hospitals, while there was an increase in donation rate in the smaller hospitals. Taken together, the small hospitals are now at least as important as the large hospitals. Possible reasons for the observed change in donation pattern are discussed. PMID:17098019

A country, state or hospital may have the latest medical technology and infrastructure as well as qualified professionals for organ transplantation, but unless there is an adequate donor population the waiting lists for transplants will continue to be long and for some patients, hopeless. Public and professional awareness programmes are key factor in the donation process. Social education that explains the life-saving benefits of organ transplantation, the enormous need for organ donation, the concept of brain death and religious teachings related to these issues is vital for creating a conducive environment for the organ transplant co-ordinator or physician soliciting the donation. The education of hospital medical, nursing and administrative personnel is also essential to both miximise opportunities for donation, as well as to prevent loss of potential organs after donor consent. Other target populations are medical examiners or coroners, and police personnel under whose jurisdiction the donations occur, as their co-operation and guidance is necessary for meeting statutory requirements. The involvement of government officials and politicians is also valuable, as their active intervention is essential for the introduction and amendment of rules and laws to promote the donation and transplantation of organs. The present paper describes communication strategies for the development of an efficient education plan that will provide information about organ transplantation, explain the desired outcome, address potential queries, misconceptions or obstacles, and identify potential sources of support. PMID:18712137

This paper examines the attempts to develop and implement an ethics curriculum for the Internal Medicine Residency Program at the University of Maryland Medical Center. The objectives of the curriculum were to enhance moral reasoning skills and to promote humanistic attitudes and behavior among the residents. The diverse methodologies used to achieve these objectives included case discussions, literature reading, role playing, writing, and videos. These activities occurred predominantly within the forum of morning report sessions and ethics ward rounds. The author also describes efforts to overcome the initial constraints associated with the implementation of this curriculum and concludes by exploring future directions for the curriculum. PMID:10344178

The background and the results to date of the Department of Energy program to identify and evaluate the radiological conditions at sites formerly utilized by the Corps of Engineers' Manhattan Engineer District (MED) and the US Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) are summarized. The sites of concern were federally, privately, and institutionally owned and were used primarily for research, processing, and storage of uranium and thorium ores, concentrates, or residues. Some sites were subsequently released for other purposes without radiological restriction. Surveys have been conducted since 1974 to document radiological conditions at such sites. Based on radiological surveys, sites are identified in this document that require, or are projected to require, remedial action to remove potential restrictions on the use of the property due to the presence of residual low-level radioactive contamination. Specific recommendations for each site will result from more detailed environmental and engineering surveys to be conducted at those sites and, if necessary, an environmental impact assessment or environmental impact statement will be prepared. Section 3.0 describes the current standards and guidelines now being used to conduct remedial actions. Current authority of the US Department of Energy (DOE) to proceed with remedial actions and the new authority required are summarized. A plan to implement the Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP) in accordance with the new authority is presented, including the objectives, scope, general approach, and a summary schedule. Key issues affecting schedule and cost are discussed.

The plasma interaction experiment (PIX) is a battery powered preprogrammed auxiliary payload on the LANDSAT-C launch. This experiment is part of a larger program to investigate space plasma interactions with spacecraft surfaces and components. The varying plasma densities encountered during available telemetry coverage periods are deemed sufficient to determine first order interactions between the space plasma environment and the biased experimental surfaces. The specific objectives of the PIX flight experiment are to measure the plasma coupling current and the negative voltage breakdown characteristics of a solar array segment and a gold plated steel disk. Measurements will be made over a range of surface voltages up to plus or minus kilovolt. The orbital environment will provide a range of plasma densities. The experimental surfaces will be voltage biased in a preprogrammed step sequence to optimize the data returned for each plasma region and for the available telemetry coverage.

Tissue and organ transplantation is one of the most promising treatments for some incurable diseases. Nowadays, transplantation is the common therapy in many countries. Unfortunately, availability of donated tissues and organs is limited. There are several factors which may affect donation rate for instance; social factors, culture, religion, and family decision. Accordingly, religious beliefs have a crucial role in tissue and organ donation and transplantation. Islam as a code of life has a comprehensive road map to lead mankind. Spiritual view of human life is considered to be much more valuable in Islam. Therefore, saving a human life is one of the most important Islamic teachings. In Iran as a Muslim country, tissue and organ transplantation program was established based on religious scholars' permission which has an essential role towards considerable development of the program in Iran. PMID:25194580

A data analysis and management procedure currently being used at Marshall Space Flight Center to analyze ERTS digital data is described. The objective is to acquaint potential users with the various computer programs that are available for analysis of multispectral digital imagery and to show how these programs are used in the overall data management plan. The report contains a brief description of each computer routine, and references are provided for obtaining more detailed information.

-pixel outline to the desired image channel and averaging the 8-connect neighborhood surrounding each pixelDescription The TumorTrace program is an automated image analysis tool, developed in MATLAB (The morphology, protein expression and movement. It takes as input multiple image channels, either single images

Abstract We have developed a new approach (MDLEP) to learning Bayesian network structures based on the Minimum Description Length (MDL) principle and Evolutionary Programming (EP). It employs a MDL metric, which is founded on information theory, and integrates a knowledge-guided genetic operator for the optimization in the search process. In contrast, existing techniques based on genetic algorithms (GA) only adopt

ProgramDescription Inspiring girls to recognize their potential and pursue opportunities, we provide STEM role models and hands-on activities for middle and high school girls. Our ultimate goal is to motivate girls to become innovative and creative thinkers ready to meet 21st century

The authors introduce a retargetable microcode generator for application specific digital signal processors (ASDSPs). The primary goal is to provide quickly system architects with the set of tools necessary for program development (assemblers, instruction set simulators, debuggers, and compilers), particularly when the processor architecture is refined simultaneously with the algorithm. After a modification of the architecture, only the machine description

Discussed in this report is the clustering algorithm CLASSY, including detailed descriptions of its general structure and mathematical background and of the various major subroutines. The report provides a development of the logic and equations used with specific reference to program variables. Some comments on timing and proposed optimization techniques are included.

Because access to transplantation with HLA-desensitization protocols and ABO incompatible transplantation is very limited due to high costs and increased risk of infections from more intense immunosuppression, kidney paired donation (KPD) promises hope to a growing number of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patient in India. We present a government and institutional ethical review board approved study of 56 ESRD patients [25 two-way and 2 three-way pairs] who consented to participate in KPD transplantation at our center in 2013, performed to avoid blood group incompatibility (n = 52) or positive cross-match (n = 4). All patients had anatomic, functional, and immunologically comparable donors. The waiting time in KPD was short as compared to deceased donor transplantation. Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy was performed in 54 donors. Donor relationships were spousal (n = 40), parental (n = 13), others (n = 3), with median HLA match of 1. Graft survival was 97.5%. Three patients died with functioning graft. 16% had biopsy-proven acute rejection. Mean serum creatinine was 1.2 mg/dl at 0.73 ± 0.32 months follow-up. KPD is a viable, legal, and rapidly growing modality for facilitating LDRT for patients who are incompatible with their healthy, willing living donor. To our knowledge, this is the largest single-center report from India. PMID:24947741

Background: Tissue donation has been promising in prolonging the lives of people with life-threatening diseases. Objective: To assess the attitude and willingness of high school students towards bone marrow (BM) and blood (as tissue) donation for maintaining a safe and adequate pool. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among the high school girls, aged 15–18 years, who studied in natural sciences, mathematics and humanities. All participants filled a questionnaire consisting of age, religion, education levels and study branch, attitude and willingness towards BM and blood donation according to a Likert scale. Results: Out of 416 students, with the mean±SD age of 16.3±1.2 years, 31% studied in grade I, 27% in grade II (25% natural sciences, 27% mathematics, and 48% humanities), 26% in grade III (30% natural sciences, 34% mathematics, and 36% humanities), and 16% in pre-university level (college) (32% natural sciences, 42% mathematics, and 6% humanities). The students had highly positive attitudes toward BM and blood donation (mean±SD score of 4.2±0.54). The willingness for BM and blood donation was declared respectively, in 87% and 71% of respondents. Moreover, 16% of students wanted to donate only to their relatives and 84% to all persons in need of therapy. There was no significant correlation between the donation willingness and educational levels and study branch; however, these variables significantly correlated with attitude towards tissue donation (p=0.02, p=0.01, respectively). Conclusion: Despite positive attitude towards BM and blood donation, willingness for BM donation is lesser than blood which may be attributed to insufficient information about this type of tissue donation. An organized educational program for high school students in all aspects of tissue donation seems necessary. PMID:25013613

Because of the strict Organ Transplantation Act, only 81 brain dead (BD) organ donations had been performed in Japan for 13 years since 1997. The Act was revised on July 17, 2010, allowing, organs to be donated after BD with consent from the family, if the subject had not denied organ donation previously. This act has lead to an expectation of a 6-7-fold increase in BD donation. The 82 organ procurement coordinators (OPC) in Japan include 32 belonging to the Japanese Organ Network (JOT) and the others to each administrative division. JOT has guideline manuals of standard roles and procedures of OPC during organ procurement from BD and cardiac death donors. To manage the increased organ donations after the revision of the act, we have modified the education system. First, we modified the guideline manuals for OPC to correspond to the revised Transplant Act and governmental guidelines. Second, all OPC gathered in a meeting room to learn the new organ procurement system to deal with the revised Transplant Act and guidelines. Third, a special education program for 2 months was provided for the 10 newcomers. Last, the practical training in each donor case for newcomers was performed by older OPC. Topics of the education program were the revised transplant act and guidelines, family approach to organ donation, BD diagnosis, donor evaluation and management, organ procurement and preservation, allocation system, hospital development and family care. In the future, each OPC will be divided into special categories, such as the donor family OPC, the donor management OPC, and the operating room OPC. Therefore, we need to construct separate special education programs for each category. PMID:22564564

In Germany approximately 3000 body organs are transplanted annually. In general, all artificially ventilated patients with diagnosed brain death are potential organ donors. All German hospitals are obliged to report potential organ donors and be actively involved in the organ donation process. These matters lie under the jurisdiction of the German transplantation act. An essential prerequisite for organ donation is the diagnosis of brain death according to the guidelines of the German Medical Association. Brain death is associated with complex pathophysiological changes in cardiopulmonary function as well as fluid, electrolyte and metabolic homeostasis. In the case of diagnosed brain death and with permission for organ donation, a precise organ-protective therapy is initiated, essentially focussing on optimal organ perfusion and oxygenation. The quality of organ protection has a direct influence on the outcome of transplantation. PMID:26174748

Managing a whole body donor program is necessary for facilitating a traditional dissection-based anatomy curriculum in medicine and health sciences. Factors which influence body donations to medical science can therefore affect dissection-based anatomy teaching. In order to determine whether age influences the attitudes of medical students to…

This study aims to identify the factors on the cord-blood donation of Korean post-partum women, who may store, donate, or discard their infant's cord blood. This descriptive research assesses the level of knowledge and attitude of post-partum women in Korea, regarding cord blood and its usage. The participants in this study were 320 post-partum women of which 109 stored, 34 donated, and 177 discarded their cord blood. The knowledge level of women who donated or stored their cord blood was higher than that of those who discarded. The attitude level of the women who donated was higher than that of those who stored or discarded. Knowledge, attitude, income, and source of information were the factors on the cord-blood donation; high knowledge, high attitude, low income, and information source from mass media contributes to cord-blood donation. In order to promote the cord-blood donation, it is necessary to develop guidelines for cord-blood education to improve the knowledge and attitudes of child-bearing women and healthcare professionals. PMID:25912386

The purposes of this descriptive study were to better describe to the administrators of a Midwestern university the strengths and weaknesses of its physical education program, to furnish a description of the alumni with respect to employment longevity in the field of physical education, employment trends, and attitudes toward the program. The…

This volume contains the descriptions of programs contained in Volume 1 of our main report: Planning for an Energy-Efficient Future: The Experience With Implementing Energy Conservation Programs For New Residential and Commercial Buildings (LBL-25525).

...of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY MILITARY RESERVATIONS AND NATIONAL CEMETERIES ARMY NATIONAL CEMETERIES § 553.6 Donations. (a) Policy. Under Department of the Army policy, proffered donations or gifts...

This article discusses the concern that a decrease in cadaver donation will influence future medical education. The article suggests two modes of action to encourage education of the general population to consider donation of bodies for education.

In this paper, a survey is conducted to study the attitudes of Hong Kong residents towards organ donation after death. It is found that 60.3% of the respondents are willing to donate organs, which is comparable to those cited in the literature. The results also indicate that the willingness to donate is related to age, occupation and attitude. A factor

Information Services Library Donations Policy Introduction The University Library welcomes the Library's Collection Development Policy · be in good physical condition · have a recent publication date details for the Subject Librarians may be found at: http://www.qub.ac.uk/directorates/InformationServices/TheLibrary

It is common for living donor candidates to use the Internet as a tool to enhance their decision-making process. Specifically, the websites of transplant hospitals can potentially be a vital source of information for those contemplating living donation. In an effort to explore the low incidence of Good Samaritan kidney donation (donations to strangers) in Australia, two raters conducted a nine-attribute website content analysis for all hospitals which participate in these transplants (n = 15). Overall, the concept of living donation is relatively silent on Australian hospital websites. Only four hospitals mention their living donor program, and only one mentions their Good Samaritan program. No site linked directly to Australia's AKX Paired Kidney Exchange Program - the only program which facilitates pair and chain transplants in Australia. Further, information about deceased donation is nearly absent as well. An individual with the altruistic desire to donate will generally find scant or absent information about donation at the website of their local transplant hospital, although this information could easily be present as an educational tool which supports the consent process. Using a hospital website to educate the public about a clinical service should not be viewed as ethically problematic (solicitation), but rather an ethical essential. PMID:23383858

There is continuing disparity between demand for and supply of kidneys for transplantation. This review describes the current state of kidney donation after cardiac death (DCD) and provides recommendations for a way forward. The conversion rate for potential DCD donors varies from 40%-80%. Compared to controlled DCD, uncontrolled DCD is more labour intensive, has a lower conversion rate and a higher discard rate. The super-rapid laparotomy technique involving direct aortic cannulation is preferred over in situ perfusion in controlled DCD donation and is associated with lower kidney discard rates, shorter warm ischaemia times and higher graft survival rates. DCD kidneys showed a 5.73-fold increase in the incidence of delayed graft function (DGF) and a higher primary non function rate compared to donation after brain death kidneys, but the long term graft function is equivalent between the two. The cold ischaemia time is a controllable factor that significantly influences the outcome of allografts, for example, limiting it to < 12 h markedly reduces DGF. DCD kidneys from donors < 50 function like standard criteria kidneys and should be viewed as such. As the majority of DCD kidneys are from controlled donation, incorporation of uncontrolled donation will expand the donor pool. Efforts to maximise the supply of kidneys from DCD include: implementing organ recovery from emergency department setting; improving family consent rate; utilising technological developments to optimise organs either prior to recovery from donors or during storage; improving organ allocation to ensure best utility; and improving viability testing to reduce primary non function. PMID:24175245

The National Minority Organ Tissue Transplant Education Program (MOTTEP) evaluated the effects of a community-implemented health education program for adult members of minority population groups to affect attitude, knowledge, and intent to change behavior. In addition, this study represents 1 of the first major initiatives to formally address prevention as a strategy to contribute to reducing the need for organ\\/tissue

The Early Childhood Career Opportunities (ECCO) Program is a 21-week program of intensive training that provides limited-English-proficient Hispanic, Indian, and Pakistani adult students with the required skills for entry-level positions in the child care field. Courses in early childhood focus on child growth and development, introduction to…

Considered a national disaster, the epidemic of cerebrospinal meningitis (CSM) in Ghana merits the mobilization of all available resources against it. Dr. Sylvester Anemana, Northern Regional Director of Health Services, announced at a meeting of the Regional Coordinating Council, District Chief Executives, and Heads of Departments in Tamale that the Northern Region of the country has received its first consignment of 500,000 doses of vaccines against CSM from the World Health Organization (WHO). Use of the doses will initially be concentrated in the endemic districts of East and West Mamprusi, Saboba/Chereponi, Yendi, Tamale, Savelugu/Nanton, Tolon/Kumbungu, and Gushiegu/Karaga. However, as soon as the rest of the vaccines arrive, a mass immunization program will be undertaken to immunize everyone in the region within 2 weeks. Needles, syringes, and other medical supplies will also be sent to the districts. The CSM vaccines will be administered only by trained personnel, such as student-nurses. The District Chief Executives were asked to raise awareness about the disease and measures in place to control it, and to help dispel the notion in some communities that deaths resulting from the disease are caused by witchcraft. District assemblies were also urged to help transport medical teams to immunization sites. Funds will be given to districts for fuel and field worker allowances. PMID:12294204

This article aims to understand the motivational factors that influence individuals to donate blood, in order to support the social marketing measures for recruiting new donors. Based on theoretical research, a structural model was developed to analyze influences and interactions of constructs in individuals' intentions to donate blood. A field survey used a structured questionnaire with a sample of 346 individuals. The analysis included descriptive analysis, evaluation of psychometric consistency, and structural equation modeling with partial least squares estimation. Fear showed a negative influence and the reference group a positive influence on individual predisposition to donate blood. This indicated that social marketing for blood donation can be more effective in encouraging new donors if it remains focused on these two factors. PMID:25166943

WINDOW 4.0 is a publicly available IBM PC compatible computer program developed by the Windows and Daylighting Group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory for calculating total window thermal performance indices (e.g. U-values, solar heat gain coefficients, shading coefficients, and visible transmittances). WINDOW 4.0 provides a versatile heat transfer analysis method consistent with the rating procedure developed by the National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC). The program can be used to design and develop new products, to rate and compare performance characteristics of all types of window products, to assist educators in teaching heat transfer through windows, and to help public officials in developing building energy codes. WINDOW 4.0 is a major revision to WINDOW 3.1 and we strongly urge all users to read this manual before using the program. Users who need professional assistance with the WINDOW 4.0 program or other window performance simulation issues are encouraged to contact one or more of the NFRC-accredited Simulation Laboratories. A list of these accredited simulation professionals is available from the NFRC.

...AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS AND POLICIES-FOOD DISTRIBUTION DONATION OF FOODS FOR USE IN THE UNITED...charge. (b) Quantities and value of donated foods. Distribution of donated foods to State agencies for the WIC Program...

ABSTRACT Background: Organ donation rates nationally have changed little in the last 15 years, despite a growing waiting list. About 6000 patients die each year for lack of a donated organ. South Carolina’s organ procurement organization, LifePoint, recently restructured itself in an effort to increase donation and transplantation rates. The main change was division of the procurement,coordinator position into five

While great strides have been made in persuading the public to become potential organ donors, actual behavior has not yet caught up with the nearly universally favorable attitudes the public expresses toward donation. This paper explores the issue by situating the social marketing of organ donation against a broader backdrop of entertainment and news media coverage of organ donation. Organ

.edu/xd/education/library/about/departments/journal-and-book- donations.cfm provides information on organizations that collect and distribute donated books and journalsBook and Journals Donation Policy Books: The Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) Library accepts book donations that support the collection. If the Library is unable to accept your donation, due

Kidney exchange donationprograms offer a good solution to help patients with a willing, but incompatible living kidney donor. Literature shows that blood type O patients are less likely to be selected for transplantation within a living exchange donationprogram. 'Altruistically unbalanced donation' could help these blood type O patients: one donor-recipient pair is incompatible (e.g. A-donor > O-recipient) and the other pair is compatible, but not identical (e.g. O-donor > A-recipient). Exchanging these kidneys would result in two compatible living donor kidney transplants. We studied whether compatible pairs would be willing to participate in such procedure. We included 96 living kidney donors and recipients in our study. These donors and recipients could be divided into two groups: (i) donors and their direct recipients (n = 48), and (ii) paired exchange donors and their intended recipients (n = 48). All were asked whether they would be willing to participate in altruistically unbalanced exchange donation, as long as direct donation was also an option. We found no group differences. We found that one third of the donors and recipients are willing to participate in altruistically unbalanced kidney exchanges. Therefore this form of donation may be a feasible addition to already existing living kidney exchange programs. PMID:17081229

African Americans have a lower registration rate for becoming potential bone marrow and stem cell donors. The same attitudes and behaviors are exhibited in regard to solid organ and blood donations, causing a serious under-representation of the African-American population in the donor pool. In our efforts to increase donor availability for African Americans through a project funded by the Medical University of South Carolina, we used a survey to determine the reasons African Americans do not participate as donors for bone marrow. We surveyed 589 African Americans, a great majority of whom were women. Our survey identified major barriers to donation to be the lack of awareness that transplantation can save lives, the cost of donation, and the lack of opportunities to donate. The most effective interventions in increasing donation have been to provide both educational programs preceding marrow drives and the opportunity to donate. Through these efforts, the number of potential African-American donors has increased from 768 (accrued over a period of 12 years) to 1977 in less than 2 years. We conclude that a minority recruitment program targeting African-American volunteers for the National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) should include an education component addressing the most common barriers before drives. PMID:11215698

Kidney transplantation is the most cost-effective and clinically effective form of renal replacement therapy. Due to long wait times for deceased donors, kidney transplantation is not available to many patients with incompatible living donors. Increased access to kidney transplantation is a shared goal that can be achieved through kidney paired donation (KPD). A single, national system of KPD administered to a set of clinical and ethical standards determined by a consensus of stakeholders including recipients, donors, providers, payers and the United States federal government will provide the best opportunity to offer kidney transplantation to the most people and particularly to those currently unlikely to receive a transplant. We propose that this system will use uniform tissue typing algorithms and a computerized donor and recipient matching program using a national pool of willing donors. The proposed system can be managed best through a single administrative structure that takes advantage of uniform donor evaluation and management with a standardized organ acquisition charge that recognizes that the current lack of standardization contributes to delays in transplantation and payment to programs. This program will use the existing Organ Procurement Organization infrastructure to manage the logistics of organ acquisition, transportation and billing. PMID:22420720

Donation? Although sperm donation for human conception datesHuman Services to protect her right to receive privately donated sperm.sperm is an inherent characteristic and an intrinsic part of being a male human, and

The QL module of the Performance Analysis and Design Synthesis (PADS) computer program is described. Execution of this module is initiated when and if subroutine PADSI calls subroutine GROPE. Subroutine GROPE controls the high level logical flow of the QL module. The purpose of the module is to determine a trajectory that satisfies the necessary variational conditions for optimal performance. The module achieves this by solving a nonlinear multi-point boundary value problem. The numerical method employed is described. It is an iterative technique that converges quadratically when it does converge. The three basic steps of the module are: (1) initialization, (2) iteration, and (3) culmination. For Volume 1 see N73-13199.

Explains President Clinton's donation of books about the United States to the Peking University Library and compares it to a donation of Chinese books from the Peking University library to the library of Kapiolani Community College (Hawaii). Suggests appropriate directions for U.S.-China academic library cooperation and for international academic…

are negatively correlated with returns. A $10,000 increase in donations is associated with a reduction in annual excess returns of 7.4 basis points. Worse corporate governance is associated with larger donations. Even after controlling for corporate governance...

Ovum donation affords countless couples that under natural circumstances would not be able to produce offspring the ability to carry out natural pregnancies. With advancements in biotechnology including egg collection and in vitro fertilization (IVF), physicians can now successfully implant fertilized embryos. Due to Israel's tremendous involvement in IVF for its own citizens, the national laws that govern egg donation

IntroductionThe lack of organ donation continues to be a major limiting factor in transplantation. Our aims are: (1) to define the psychosocial profile against organ donation, and (2) to determine the impact of a law on the procurement and transplantation of organs based on “presumed consent” in the population.

Ethno-cultural disparities in blood and tissue donation patterns have been described as an emergent challenge in the context of the transfusion medicine literature (Boulware et al. in Med Care 40(2):85-95, 2002; Molzahn et al. in Nephrol Nurs J 30(1):17-26, 2003, Can J Nurs Res 36(4):110-128, 2004). In the North American context, much has been written about blood and tissue donation patterns among different religious and cultural groups within the United States. However, there are few available statistics or descriptive research that discusses blood donation decisions among Aboriginal Canadians. In 2001, Aboriginal Canadians represented approximately 4.1 % of the total Canadian population, or 1.1 million persons (Birn et al., in Textbook of international health: global health in a dynamic world. Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 2009). Comparatively, Canada Blood Services reports that Aboriginal Canadians represent only 0.9% of registered donors (Canadian Blood Services 2011a). These low donation patterns suggest that blood donation choice among Aboriginal Canadians requires better understanding. This paper discusses several factors that may influence Aboriginal health choices, specifically those associated with blood donation decision-making. Several influential factors will be discussed, including: the meaning of the body and its parts in relationship to the interconnectedness of all things (religio-cultural), the reflexivity of choice and control (political), and relationships with others (social). PMID:24833161

Altruism has long been taken to be the guiding principle of ethical organ donation in the UK, and has been used as justification for rejecting or allowing certain types of donation. We argue that, despite this prominent role, altruism has been poorly defined in policy and position documents, and used confusingly and inconsistently. Looking at how the term has been used over recent years allows us to define 'organ donation altruism', and comparing this with accounts in the philosophical literature highlights its theoretical shortcomings. The recent report from the Nuffield Council on Bioethics reaffirmed the importance of altruism in organ donation, and offered a clearer definition. This definition is, however, more permissive than that of altruism previously seen in UK policy, and as a result allows some donations that previously have been considered unacceptable. We argue that while altruistic motivation may be desirable, it is not necessary. PMID:23538329

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The United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Mines, Twin Cities Research Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota is the site of a 6.5 foot diameter Wellman-Galusha gasifier, installed in 1977-1978. This gasifier, combustor/incinerator, and flue gas scrubber system in the past had been operated jointly by Bureau of Mines personnel, personnel from member companies of the Mining and Industrial Fuel Gas Group, and United States Department of Energy personnel-consultants. Numerous tests using a variety of coals have to date been performed. In May of 1982, Black, Sivalls and Bryson, Incorporated (BS and B) was awarded the contract to plan, execute, and report gasification test performance data from this small industrial fixed-bed gasification test facility. BS and B is responsible for program administration, test planning, test execution, and all documentation of program activities and test reports. The University of Minnesota, Particle Technology Laboratory (UMPTL) is subcontractor to BS and B to monitor process parameters, and provide analysis for material inputs and outputs. This report is the initial volume in a series of reports describing the fixed-bed gasification of US coals at the Bureau of Mines, Twin Cities Research Center. A history of the program is given in Section 1 and a thorough description of the facility in Section 2. The operation of the facility is described in Section 3. Monitoring systems and procedures are described in Sections 4 and 5. Data reduction tools are outlined in Section 6. There is no executive summary or conclusions as this volume serves only to describe the research program. Subsequent volumes will detail each gasification test and other pertinent results of the gasification program. 32 references, 23 figures, 15 tables.

The Department of Energy`s Ocean Margins Program (OMP) is designed to quantitatively assess the importance of coastal ocean systems in the global carbon cycle. Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, human energy-related activities have dramatically altered the global carbon cycle, and consequently, this cycle is not presently in a steady-state. To reduce major uncertainties in predicting future global environmental quality, it is imperative to understand the sources and sinks of atmospheric CO{sub 2}, the role of anthropogenic activities in disrupting the natural carbon cycle, and the effects of, and feedbacks between, these activities and the natural carbon cycle. Due to continuously increased loading of nutrients to the margins, which, globally, is related to the rate of human population growth and high population densities in coastal states, biological carbon fixation has been stimulated. Depending on the fate of the fixed carbon, this stimulation has the potential to mitigate the anthropogenically derived Co{sub 2}. Determining the factors that control the magnitude of carbon exchanges between the ocean margins and the atmosphere, and the subsequent fate of this carbon, is crucial to predicting the strength and capacity of the oceans to absorb excess anthropogenic atmospheric CO{sub 2}. The goals of the OMP are to: quantify the ecological and biogeochemical processes and mechanisms that define the cycling, flux, and storage of carbon and other biogenic elements at the land/ocean interface; identify how ocean-margin sources and sinks of carbon change in response to human activities; and determine whether continental shelves are quantitatively significant in removing atmospheric carbon dioxide and isolating it via burial in sediments or export to the interior of the open ocean.

Objective: After anecdotal reports of severe hemorrhage from failure of surgical clips to sustain closure of renal artery stumps in live donor nephrectomies were received, this study was designed to identify specific surgical techniques that are associated with an increased risk of failure to control bleeding and might represent opportunities to improve patient safety. Background: Preventing complications for living kidney donors must be paramount in addressing end-stage renal failure through living kidney donation. Major hemorrhage from technical failure, albeit an infrequent occurrence, can cause significant, yet preventable, morbidity or death. Open and laparoscopic approaches to living kidney donation use several vascular control methods, some of which may be more prone to failure and life-endangering hemorrhage than others. Methods: To define hemorrhagic complications of living kidney donation, a survey was sent to all 893 surgeon-members of the American Society of Transplant Surgeons. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were used to ascertain study participant characteristics, most frequently used vascular control techniques, and incidence of events (death, transfusion, reexploration or conversion to open nephrectomy, or contralateral [remaining kidney] renal failure). Outcomes of hemorrhage and comments by respondents were sought as were data from other sources. Results: In 213 surveys returned (24%), 66 and 39 episodes of arterial and venous hemorrhage were reported, respectively. Among arterial control problems, 2 resulted in donor death and 2 resulted in renal failure; 19 episodes required transfusion. Open conversions in laparoscopic nephrectomy or late reoperations for hemorrhage were reported for 29 cases. Locking and standard clips applied to the renal artery were associated with the greatest risks. Conclusions: Significant hemorrhagic complications occur with living kidney donation in both open and laparoscopic approaches. Loss of arterial control jeopardizes donor life and health, especially when it occurs in the postoperative period. Vascular transfixion provides the best vascular control of major vessels. PMID:16371747

There is usually a pattern of veins on an insect wing. This pattern is species-specific and is used taxonomically. For example, the coordinates of some characteristic points on the wing are used to compare vein patterns. The characteristic points are often vein junctions or vein ends. A tool is presented that enables automatic identification of vein junctions. An image of an insect wing is used to determine the wing outline and veins. The vein skeleton is obtained using a thinning algorithm. Bezier splines are fitted to both the wing outline and the vein skeleton. The splines are saved in an encapsulated postscript file. Another output file in text format contains the coordinates of vein junctions. Both the program and its source code are available under GNU General Public License at [www.cyf-kr.edu.pl/~rotofils/drawwing.html]. The program presented in this paper automatically provides a numerical description of an insect wing. It converts an image of an insect wing to a list of coordinates of vein junctions, and a wing diagram that can be used as an illustration. Coordinates of the vein junctions extracted by the program from wing images were used successfully to discriminate between males of Dolichovespula sylvestris and Dolichovespula saxonica. PMID:15861233

This research utilizes a laboratory experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of alternative public policies targeted at increasing the rate of deceased donor organ donation. The experiment includes treatments across different default choices and organ allocation rules inspired by the donor registration systems applied in different countries. Our results indicate that the opt-out with priority rule system generates the largest increase in organ donation relative to an opt-in only program. However, sizeable gains are achievable using either a priority rule or opt-out program separately, with the opt-out rule generating approximately 80% of the benefits achieved under a priority rule program. PMID:24135615

This compilation of teaching programs, prepared by the Institute of Human Values in Medicine, consists of self-descriptions of 29 medical school programs which teach human values and the humanities to students of medicine and other health professions. These self-descriptions were prepared by the program directors at the invitation of the…

to science" when they die. But, similar to organ donation or estate planning, they often may not know what death, you are a whole body donor. Organ and Body Donation A person may also donate his or her eyes and still donate their whole body to our program. However, the recovery of other internal organs

based organ beneficiary (ORB) program is proposed to encourage deceased organ donations. In this program a deceased donor receives donation points upon donating their organ, which can be gifted to designated mortalityi . A solution to this supply-demand imbalance problem is to increase organ donations from living

Clinical research increasingly relies upon the availability of appropriate genetic materials; however, the proportion of biospecimens from racial/ethnic minority patients and healthy controls are underrepresented, which preclude equitable research across all patient groups for cancer treatment. National Cancer Institute-funded Community Network Program Centers in California, Florida, and New York collaborated with local community partners to conduct three independent formative research studies with diverse (African American, Asian American, Hispanic, and White) participants to explore their knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about biobanking, and their experiences with the donation of biospecimens. Our findings demonstrated similarities in overall low knowledge and understanding about the use of biospecimens for research. This was exacerbated for non-English speakers. Racial and ethnic groups differed with regard to a number of factors that are obstacles for participation, e.g., continuing medical mistrust (African Americans), lack of benefit (Hispanics), apprehension about the physical toll of donating (Vietnamese), usage of biospecimen for research (Hmong and Chinese), and suspicion of exploitation by corporate entities (Whites). However, participants uniformly reported general interest and willingness to participate in biobanking for altruistic purposes, particularly to benefit future generations. This interest was framed with a strong admonition that donations should be accompanied by transparency about study sponsorship and ownership, distribution and use of biospecimens, and study information that fit participants' backgrounds and experiences. This cross-cultural regional analysis offers significant insights into the similarities and variations in opinions and perceptions about biobanking and the collection of biospecimens for use in cancer research. PMID:24664489

Unspecified kidney donation is an emerging resource to bridge the gap between supply and demand of kidneys for transplantation. However, uncertainty remains among both the transplantation community and lay public with regard to the intention, motivation, and legitimacy of such donors. Even within programs that use unspecified kidney donors, there is a lack of consensus regarding how to optimize the potential of the gifted kidney (and indirectly potentiate the altruistic benefit for the donor). Despite emerging guidance on how to work up unspecified donors, centers have adopted individualized unspecified donor pathways with regards to assessment, evaluation, and use. There are a variety of models for unspecified kidney donation, ranging from donation directly to deceased-donor waiting lists to benefit one recipient or chain transplantations occurring simultaneously (domino-paired donation) or nonsimultaneously (extended altruistic donor chains) to benefit many. After a brief exploration on the basis of altruism, this review will discuss the assessment, evaluation, and reported outcomes associated with unspecified kidney donation. It will also critique current utilization models and highlight some unresolved controversies. The aim is to highlight the principles, practice, and potential of unspecified kidney donation to bridge the current disparate international practice. PMID:23778567

Through gamete and embryo donation have successively emerged new ways of designing individuals who, in turn, have generated mutations in the concept of parenthood. A debate is open to the society, which often raises ideological cleavages. Indeed, donation practices mobilize the conflicting interests of donor of gametes, the recipient couple, child, whose origins are complex, although his filiation is legally clear. Its place in the family genealogy can be examined in relation to other societies, which admit plural concepts called "classificatory" kinship. They set up role partition between parents and educators. Setting anthropological perspective provides a broadening of the reflection to answer questions from the donation practices, including genealogical questions of revelation to the child of his conception, his incorporation in family and social group and the importance of compensation of donation. PMID:25153433

This qualitative, descriptive case study employed the use of narrative to investigate a virtual school program in a public school district in Texas. A focus group interviewing process was used to interview the participants. Findings from this study conclude that with continued support from district leaders, along with having the appropriate…

Application for Summer Undergraduate Research with Faculty (SURF) Grant Applicants should refer to the SURF ProgramDescription and Guidelines and the SURF Application Check List to ensure a complete read the SURF Guidelines prior to signing this page. Signatures below indicate awareness

This report is the fourth in a series of annual reports produced by the School Choice Demonstration Project (SCDP) that provides descriptive information about the schools participating in the Milwaukee Parental Choice Program (MPCP). A total of 115 schools participated in the MPCP for the entire 2009-10 academic year, with 20,899 students enrolled…

Blood donation (BD) is a noble act and mobile applications (apps) can help increase awareness about it. This paper analyzes and assesses the characteristics of free apps for BD as regards features and functionality. A search in Google Play, Apple Apps store, Blackberry App World and Windows Mobile App store was carried out to select 169 free BD apps from the 188 apps identified. The results presented in this paper show that the majority of the apps selected have been developed for the Android operating system. Moreover, most of the apps selected are available to help users search for donors. Few of the apps could not be installed and/or accessed. Of those that could be installed: half of them do not require any kind of authentication; a few of them are available in more than one language; half of them have a geographical restriction; around 60 % of them do not notify the user of BD events and requests; one, which is available for Android and iOS, can connect with a laboratory; around 45 % of them allow users to share information via social networks, and the majority of them do not provide BD recommendations. These results are used as a basis to provide app developers with certain recommendations. There is a need for better BD apps with more features in order to increase the number of volunteer donors. PMID:25732077

The HIGHWAY program provides a flexible tool for predicting highway routes for transporting radioactive materials in the United States. The HIGHWAY data base is essentially a computerized road atlas that currently describes over 240,000 miles of highways. Complete descriptions of all Interstate System and most US highways (except those that parallel a nearby Interstate highway) are included in the data base. Many of the principal state highways and a number of local and county highways are also identified. The data base also includes locations of nuclear facilities and major airports. Several different types of routes may be calculated, depending on a set of user-supplied constraints. Routes are calculated by minimizing the total impedance between the origin and the destination. Basically, the impedance is defined as a function of distance and driving time along a particular highway segment. Several routing constraints can be imposed during the calculations. One of the special features of the HIGHWAY model is its ability to calculate routes that maximize use of Interstate System highways. This feature allows the user to predict routes for shipments of radioactive materials that conform to the US Department of Transportation routing regulations. Other features of the model include the ability to predict routes that bypass a specific state, city, town, or highway segment. Two special features have been incorporated in HIGHWAY, version 3.1. The first is the ability to automatically calculate alternative routes. Frequently, there are a number of routes between the source and destination that vary slightly in distance and estimated driving time. The HIGHWAY program offers a selection of different but nearly equal routes. The second special feature is the capability to calculate route-specific population density statistics. The population density distribution is calculated for each highway segment in the route and is reported on a state-by-state basis.

Colombia has been seriously affected by an internal armed conflict for more than 40 years affecting mainly the civilian population, who is forced to displace, suffers kidnapping, extortion, threats and assassinations. Between 2005 and 2008, Médecins Sans Frontières-France provided psychological care and treatment in the region of Tolima, a strategic place in the armed conflict. The mental health program was based on a short-term multi-faceted treatment developed according to the psychological and psychosomatic needs of the population. Here we describe the population attending during 2005-2008, in both urban and rural settings, as well as the psychological treatment provided during this period and its outcomes.We observed differences between the urban and rural settings in the traumatic events reported, the clinical expression of the disorders, the disorders diagnosed, and their severity. Although the duration of the treatment was limited due to security reasons and access difficulties, patient condition at last visit improved in most of the patients. These descriptive results suggest that further studies should be conducted to examine the role of short-term psychotherapy, adapted specifically to the context, can be a useful tool to provide psychological care to population affected by an armed conflict. PMID:20030811

The chasm between the supply and demand of donated organs and tissues continues to grow despite widespread public awareness of transplantation and numerous efforts to educate the public about organ donation. It is fast becoming a significant public health problem in this country. The need for more effective public education is well documented in the literature on transplantation and is a primary objective of organizations in the transplant field. In response to this need, the Division of Organ Transplantation in the Health Resources and Services Administration of the Public Health Service initiated a project to examine the nature and scope of donation education initiatives throughout the country, to identify shortcomings, and to suggest ways the Federal Government could contribute to the effectiveness of public education in organ and tissue donation. The project resulted in the development of a protocol that also is applicable to other health education programs. Its major steps consisted of assessing the status of donation-related public education in the United States, identifying existing needs in donation education by applying principles learned from other public health education programs, and identifying roles that could be assumed to help strengthen the American public's commitment to organ and tissue donation. These roles, which could be adopted by an transplant-related organization, were as broker of knowledge, producer of educational strategies, energizer through communications research, and catalyst by bringing together other groups. This approach to needs assessment and planning may provide useful insights both for those concerned with transplants and for professionals conducting education campaigns related to other public health issues. PMID:7938382

The demand for transplantable organs and tissues is steadily increasing and action is necessary to improve the organ and tissue donation rates. Previous research has suggested that nurses have a substantial influence on the rates of donation in the clinical area. Nurses (N = 150) were asked to complete a number of measures to assess positive and negative attitudes towards

Since the first living-donor kidney transplantation in 1954, more than half a million living kidney donations have occurred and research has advanced knowledge about long-term donor outcomes. Donors in developed countries have a similar life expectancy and quality of life as healthy non-donors. Living kidney donation is associated with an increased risk of end-stage renal disease, although this outcome is uncommon (<0·5% increase in incidence at 15 years). Kidney donation seems to elevate the risks of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia. Many donors incur financial expenses due to factors such as lost wages, need for sick days, and travel expenses. Yet, most donors have no regrets about donation. Living kidney donation is practised ethically when informed consent incorporates information about risks, uncertainty about outcomes is acknowledged when it exists, and a donor's risks are proportional to benefits for the donor and recipient. Future research should determine whether outcomes are similar for donors from developing countries and donors with pre-existing conditions such as obesity. PMID:26090646

The variability in deceased organ donation registries worldwide has received little attention. We considered all operating registries, where individual wishes about organ donation were recorded in a computerized database. We included registries which recorded an individual's decision to be a donor (donor registry), and registries which only recorded an individual's objection (non-donor registry). We collected information on 15 characteristics including history, design, use and number of registrants for 27 registries (68%). Most registries are nationally operated and government-owned. Registrations in five nations expire and require renewal. Some registries provide the option to make specific organ selections in the donation decision. Just over half of donor registries provide legally binding authorization to donation. In all national donor registries, except one, the proportion of adults (15+) registered is modest (<40%). These proportions can be even lower when only affirmative decisions are considered. One nation provides priority status on the transplant waiting list as an incentive to affirmative registration, while another nation makes registering a donation decision mandatory to obtain a driver's license. Registered objections in non-donor registries are rare (<0.5%). The variation in organ donor registries worldwide necessitates public discourse and quality improvement initiatives, to identify and support leading practices in registry use. PMID:22507140

Informed consent is the primary moral principle guiding the donation of human tissue for transplant purposes. When patients' donation wishes are not known, family members making the decision about tissue donation should be provided with requisite information needed to make informed donation decisions. Using a unique dataset of 1,016 audiotaped requests for tissue obtained from 15 US tissue banking organizations, we examined whether the information provided to families considering tissue donation met current standards for informed consent. The results indicated that many elements of informed consent were missing from the donation discussions, including the timeframe for procurement, autopsy issues, the involvement of both for-profit and nonprofit organizations, and the processing, storage and distribution of donated tissue. A multiple linear regression analysis also revealed that nonwhites and family members of increased age received less information regarding tissue donation than did younger, white decision makers. Recommendations for improving the practice of obtaining consent to tissue donation are provided. PMID:22395736

of the School of Family, Consumer, and Nutrition Sciences' (FCNS) program is to prepare skilled and dedicated an uncommon opportunity to earn a Master of Science (M.S.) degree in marriage and family therapy. The goal Illinois University Specialization in Marriage and Family Therapy Northern Illinois University offers

of the School of Family, Consumer, and Nutrition Sciences' (FCNS) program is to prepare skilled and dedicated an uncommon opportunity to earn a Master of Science (M.S.) degree in marriage and family therapy. The goal Illinois University Specialization in Marriage and Family Therapy Northern Illinois University offers

Spain is the only existing example of a large country (40 million inhabitants) with a continuous increase in cadaveric organ donation for a period of over 10 years, and, in parallel, with an increase in the overall number of solid organ transplantations. A proactive donor detection program performed by well-trained transplant coordinators, the introduction of systematic death audits in the

After a patient died in a Veterans Administration hospital, a resident physician asked the next of kin to sign two identical autopsy forms, one of which was stamped "Eye Donor." The family signed, despite orally objecting to donation of tissue. Nevertheless, the patient's eyes were removed because other hospital staff were unaware of the objection. The family sued the hospital and eye bank. The Federal District Court in Minnesota dismissed the case before trial on the basis that both defendants were immune from liability because of the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act. Clear policies communicated to staff and separate autopsy and donation forms can help to avoid confusion and legal difficulties. PMID:7934196

Altruism still remains the main principle of organ donation worldwide. However, since the current practices has not met the demand for organs, new strategies should be found to encourage organ donation. Implementation of financial incentives in transplantation is a matter of debate among experts in the fields of transplantation, ethics, law, and economics. It should be acknowledged that donors incur many expenses while participating in the transplant process, which seems unfair. Various forms of incentives have been suggested and are currently used worldwide. This article describes current attitudes toward incentives for in transplantation used in different countries, arguing in favor as well as against them. PMID:22841275

to municipal park and recreation departments in Texas. By means of survey of pol- icy op1nions and actual donation acqu1sition results, 1t was hoped that a better understanding of the role of donation as a means of open space acquisition in the State... is strengthened by the identification of the lack of park and open space opportunities as the fifth ranking cause for the unrest that swept urban America in the late 1960's (National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, 1968). Logic, therefore, dictates...

This study explores the effects of tissue requesters' relational, persuasive, and nonverbal communication on families' final donation decisions. One thousand sixteen (N = 1,016) requests for tissue donation were audiotaped and analyzed using the Siminoff Communication Content and Affect Program, a computer application specifically designed to code and assist with the quantitative analysis of communication data. This study supports the important role of communication strategies in health-related decision making. Families were more likely to consent to tissue donation when confirmational messages (e.g., messages that expressed validation or acceptance) or persuasive tactics such as credibility, altruism, or esteem were used during donation discussions. Consent was also more likely when family members exhibited nonverbal immediacy or disclosed private information about themselves or the patient. The results of a hierarchical log-linear regression revealed that the use of relational communication during requests directly predicted family consent. The results provide information about surrogate decision making in end-of-life situations and may be used to guide future practice in obtaining family consent to tissue donation. PMID:21512935

...means that we will post any personal information you provide us...donations, including real and personal property, services, and money. These include the Fish and...Service to accept real and personal property donations....

SAVE A LIFE...DONATE BLOOD!! STANFORD BLOOD CENTER SLAC Blood Drive Wednesday, August 23rd 8:00am-INS WELCOME! Requirements for Donating Blood: · Must be at least 17 years of age · Must weigh at least 110

Described is a one-day program providing those persons implementing Individually Guided Education (IGE) programs with a simulated experience of applying an Instructional Programming Model (IPM) to a curricular area. The goal is to develop the major concepts and skills necessary to operationalize an IPM. Information is provided on the program…

A profile of one state's principal preparation programs is presented in this article. The collaborative inquiry process used to develop a program narrative instrument and to capture data on characteristics of all 17 state-approved programs in the state of Indiana is provided. The statewide preparation program characteristics profiled in this…

The detection of West Nile virus (WNV) nucleic acid in a blood donation from Vienna, Austria, as well as in Culex pipiens pupae and egg rafts, sampled close to the donor's residence, is reported. Complete genomic sequences of the human- and mosquito-derived viruses were established, genetically compared and phylogenetically analyzed. The viruses were not identical, but closely related to each other and to recent Czech and Italian isolates, indicating co-circulation of related WNV strains within a confined geographic area. The detection of WNV in a blood donation originating from an area with low WNV prevalence in humans (only three serologically diagnosed cases between 2008 and 2014) is surprising and emphasizes the importance of WNV nucleic acid testing of blood donations even in such areas, along with active mosquito surveillance programs. PMID:25961567

In 1989, 3M developed a comprehensive alcohol and other drug prevention program using multiple and interactive strategies aimed at altering workplace culture and promoting employee “ownership” of the program. The three core components of the program included a ten-hour supervisory training program; a 2–1\\/2 hour all-employee program designed to discuss 3M policies, clarify personal alcohol-use guidelines, and promote dialogue about

BackgroundAlthough blood donations may reduce body iron stores, to date, prospective data on frequent blood donation and colorectal cancer risk are limited.Methodology\\/Principal FindingsWe tested whether frequent blood donation is associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We prospectively followed 35,121men who provide the information on lifetime number of blood donations in 1992 through

This report describes the Thermal-Hydraulic Test Facility (THTF) as modified for tests with Bundle 3, a 64-rod bundle of indirectly electrically heated fuel rod simulators. The report provides a description of the basic facility and instrumentation as well as a test-specific facility description for each of the primary tests run at the THTF during the operational period from June 1979

Background. The teenage population has a more favourable attitude towards organ donation than other population groups. Teenagers represent the future of the community and their opinion directly affects other family members and friends. Therefore, teenagers who are in favour of donation become promoters of organ donation in their area of influence. Our aim was to determine the opinion and fears

for donation receipt, etc.) Name / name of organization: Administrative contact and title(if applicableFY 2014 Donation Application Form Date: To: The President, RIKEN In support of RIKEN's activities, I / we would like to make the following donation to RIKEN . Applicant: Title: Company: Address (home

for donation receipt, etc.) Name / name of organization: Administrative contact and title(if applicableSolicited Donation Application Form Date: To: The President, RIKEN In support of RIKEN's activities, I / we would like to make the following donation to RIKEN . Applicant: Title: Company: Address (home

in donations to char- itable organizations, including universities. The first was to increase the federal taxHANSARDFebruary 3rd, 2012 Tax incentive for charitable donations submission The U of M made of federal tax incentives for charitable donations. The University provided two recommendations

March 25, 2011 Acceptance of donations for the Tohoku Earthquake Director, Headquarters for Disaster Countermeasures Junichi Hamada Donations for relief of victims of the Tohoku Earthquake of the March 11 Tohoku Earthquake. Donations will be sent to the affected area through the local governments

This article extends the body of literature evaluating the general public and medical educator populations in regards to knowledge of whole body donation and willingness to donate. Statistics about the different populations awareness, willingness and knowledge are reported. Suggestions on how to increase body donations are discussed.

FDA's MSM Blood Donation Policy: Did You Know?? Permanent ban on any male who has had sex NOT support the FDA's current MSM blood donation policy. The time it takes to test for HIV with the Nucleic, Japan, Italy, Spain, France and Sweden are countries that have all modified their blood donation

Summary Background Upper age limits for blood donors are intended to protect elderly blood donors from donor reactions. However, due to a lack of data about adverse reactions in elderly blood donors, upper age limits are arbitrary and vary considerably between different countries. Methods Here we present data from 171,231 voluntary repeat whole blood donors beyond the age of 68 years. Results Blood donations from repeat blood donors beyond the age of 68 years increased from 2,114 in 2005 to 38,432 in 2012 (from 0,2% to 4.2% of all whole blood donations). Adverse donor reactions in repeat donors decreased with age and were lower than in the whole group (0.26%), even in donors older than 71 years (0.16%). However, from the age of 68 years, the time to complete recovery after donor reactions increased. Donor deferrals were highest in young blood donors (21.4%), but increased again in elderly blood donors beyond 71 years (12.6%). Conclusion Blood donation by regular repeat blood donors older than 71 years may be safely continued. However, due to a lack of data for donors older than 75 years, blood donation in these donors should be handled with great caution. PMID:25254019

Four-hundred and fifty-five undergraduate students, 26 MBA students, and 465 people from the surrounding community responded to 21 true\\/false questions regarding factual knowledge about organ donation. The mean number of correct answers was 74.6%. The correct response rate, however, varied widely over questions. Four questions with very large error rates suggest possible 'barriers to donation'. Specifically, these questions concerned religious

The FORTRAN 4 ray tracing program for the calculation of the acoustic transfer function in the atmosphere and its tests are described. The program can be used for the calculation of the acoustic transfer function in the atmosphere in a large number of weather and soil conditions. Results of the Rayflux program were compared with those of a wave field

Three decades after the first reported successful cases, oocyte donation continues to grow in popularity and regard as an established method to aid women in achieving their reproductive goals. As a result of the increased demand for donated oocytes, many young women in the U.S. volunteer to undergo complex medical procedures to donate their oocytes in return for financial compensation. To best care for these women before, during and after donation, it is important to explore donor characteristics and motivations, discuss the safety of the donation procedure and examine the ethical issues related to this process. PMID:24750650

Head Start children tested at 4 years of age on the Preschool Preposition Test (PPT) and the Classroom Behavior Description checklist (CBD) were assessed for academic achievement and scholastic aptitude at the third- and eighth-grade levels. The PPT is a receptive language test which examines the comprehension of verbal directions by using spatial…

The purpose of this research was to investigate the extent to which quality physical education is currently being taught in Atlantic Canada. We used survey methods to generate descriptive data indicating: (a) the backgrounds of those who teach physical education and (b) what is being taught in physical education. Our findings suggest physical…

The algorithm, block diagram, complete text, and instructions are given for the use of a computer program to separate formations whose spectral characteristics are constant on the average. The initial material for operating the computer program presented is video information in a standard color-superposition format.

The Family Oriented Structured Preschool Activity (FOSPA) program, an Early Childhood/Family Education program for parents and their 4-year-old children, is described. FOSPA is a nationally validated Title III, Elementary and Secondary Education Act demonstration project in the St. Cloud Community Schools district of Minnesota. Based on research…

A user manual is presented for the BASEOPS 3.00 program developed by AAMRL/BBE. The installation, use and limitations of this program is described. BASEOPS is the menu driven computerized airbase operations input program used in doing airbase noise assessments under the USAF Air Installation Compatible Use Zone (AICUZ) program. BASEOPS will create a file that can be directly interfaced to the NOISEMAP 6.0 program, used to calculate the total noise exposure from these input operations. BASEOPS contains default performance profiles (takeoff and landing) for Military Transient and Civil aircraft. The program also allows the user to create a NOISEMAP input file for any subset of the input data through a Global Editing Menu. This can be used for quickly creating multiple noise analyses for different operational input scenarios.

The operating and set-up procedures for the multi-satellite, multi-arc GEODYN- Orbit Determination program are described. All system output is analyzed. The GEODYN Program is the nucleus of the entire GEODYN system. It is a definitive orbit and geodetic parameter estimation program capable of simultaneously processing observations from multiple arcs of multiple satellites. GEODYN has two modes of operation: (1) the data reduction mode and (2) the orbit generation mode.

This content analysis represents news coverage of organ donation from January 1990 to December 2005. Specifically, ABC, CBS, and NBC news broadcasts were examined to gain a greater understanding of organ donation coverage on TV. Overall this investigation revealed that organ donation received modest coverage (N = 1,507). Although the majority of coverage was positive, attention to the need for organs and the process of becoming a potential organ donor received modest exposure. In addition, non-living donor and living-donor donations received approximately equal coverage. Results are discussed with a focus on message design for practitioners and advocates of organ donation. PMID:19280457

As the waiting list of patients requiring organ transplantation grows, there is a subtle but noticeable shift in society towards accepting organs as a commodity which can be paid for. Although nowhere is the organ trade legal, the commerce of organs goes on in different parts of the world, especially in developing countries such as India. This is largely due to societal and governmental failure to implement the existing "transplant laws". It is high time the medical profession ceased being an accomplice to this unscrupulous trade, which exploits the poor, deters altruism retarding the living-related and cadaver transplant programs, commercializes the human body and jeopardizes human dignity. PMID:12042884

Background An effective working relationship between chief residents and residency program directors is critical to a residency program's success. Despite the importance of this relationship, few studies have explored the characteristics of an effective program director-chief resident partnership or how to facilitate collaboration between the 2 roles, which collectively are important to program quality and resident satisfaction. We describe the development and impact of a novel workshop that paired program directors with their incoming chief residents to facilitate improved partnerships. Methods The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education sponsored a full-day workshop for residency program directors and their incoming chief residents. Sessions focused on increased understanding of personality styles, using experiential learning, and open communication between chief residents and program directors, related to feedback and expectations of each other. Participants completed an anonymous survey immediately after the workshop and again 8 months later to assess its long-term impact. Results Participants found the workshop to be a valuable experience, with comments revealing common themes. Program directors and chief residents expect each other to act as a role model for the residents, be approachable and available, and to be transparent and fair in their decision-making processes; both groups wanted feedback on performance and clear expectations from each other for roles and responsibilities; and both groups identified the need to be innovative and supportive of changes in the program. Respondents to the follow-up survey reported that workshop participation improved their relationships with their co-chiefs and program directors. Conclusion Participation in this experiential workshop improved the working relationships between chief residents and program directors. The themes that were identified can be used to foster communication between incoming chief residents and residency directors and to develop a curriculum for chief resident development. PMID:23205220

be US Citizen or Permanent Resident A minimum overall GPA of 3.0 is required with upward trends Undergraduate Program in Engineering Research at Berkeley­ Information Technology for Sustainability www.eecs.berkeley.edu Pending Renewal from NSF's Computer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE) Program #12;

This document (Parts 1 and 2) describes the requirements that must be implemented during the design and construction phases for the Hanford Waste Vitrification Plant Project Quality Assurance Program. This program is being implemented to ensure the acceptability of high-level radioactive canistered waste forms produced by the Hanford Waste Vitrification Plant for disposal in a licensed federal repository.

The Baylor College of Medicine SBIRT Medical Residency Training Program is a multilevel project that trains residents and faculty in evidenced-based screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) methods for alcohol and substance use problems. This paper describes the training program and provides initial evaluation after the…

Adult basic education (ABE) in Hong Kong includes mostly basic Chinese, but also some arithmetic and English. The emphasis is on teaching learners life skills. Both government-run programs and partially government-subsidized programs run by voluntary agencies such as Caritas and the YMCA are common. A case study was made of the Caritas ABE Centre…

Describes an instructional model, Strategies Program for Effective Learning/Thinking (SPELT), that was developed to translate cognitive psychological theory and research into a practical instructional program. The extent to which SPELT conforms to current instructional design principles is examined, and macro versus micro instructional sequencing…

Objective: To assess health-related fitness, physical activity correlates, and completion of a half-marathon using a 3-day training program in a college community. Methods: 26 volunteers participated in a 20-week, half-marathon training program. Results: All participants completed the half-marathon. Positive changes in health-related fitness and…

Comprehensive coordinated specialty care programs for first-episode psychosis have been widely implemented in other countries but not in the United States. The National Institute of Mental Health's Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode (RAISE) initiative focused on the development and evaluation of first-episode treatment programs designed for the U.S. health care system. This article describes the background, rationale, and nature of the intervention developed by the RAISE Early Treatment Program project-known as the NAVIGATE program-with a particular focus on its psychosocial components. NAVIGATE is a team-based, multicomponent treatment program designed to be implemented in routine mental health treatment settings and aimed at guiding people with a first episode of psychosis (and their families) toward psychological and functional health. The core services provided in the NAVIGATE program include the family education program (FEP), individual resiliency training (IRT), supported employment and education (SEE), and individualized medication treatment. NAVIGATE embraces a shared decision-making approach with a focus on strengths and resiliency and on collaboration with clients and family members in treatment planning and reviews. The NAVIGATE program has the potential to fill an important gap in the U.S. health care system by providing a comprehensive intervention specially designed to meet the unique treatment needs of persons recovering from a first episode of psychosis. A cluster-randomized controlled trial comparing NAVIGATE with usual community care has recently been completed. PMID:25772766

The federal Class-Size Reduction (CSR) Program, P.L. 105-277, begun in Fiscal Year 1999, represented a major federal commitment to help school districts hire additional qualified teachers, especially in the early elementary grades, so children would learn in smaller classes. The CSR program also allowed funds to be spent as professional…

This article describes the initiation of a statewide public-private partnership to expand and enhance services for infants, toddlers, and their families. It presents information regarding the initiation and implementation of the project; the program requirements, including those for professional development; and the design of a three-phase program…

The authors describe an intensive outpatient dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) program for multidiagnostic clients with eating disorders who had not responded adequately to standard, empirically supported treatments for eating disorders. The program integrates DBT with empirically supported cognitive behavior therapy approaches that are well…

The future success of stem cell research by means of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) depends on a sufficient supply of human oocytes. However, oocyte donation presents certain risks for the donor, and concerns for women's welfare are rightly vocalized. At the same time, these risks are comparable with the risks faced by other healthy research subjects. Thus, research donation can withstand ethical scrutiny if it fulfils the same conditions as other research involving healthy human subjects. Specifically, this means that the benefits of the research project need to outweigh the harms, that risks must be minimized, that informed consent has to be guaranteed by averting undue inducement and the recruitment of vulnerable women and that donors can and should be reimbursed for their research participation. PMID:17079245

Many ISA-level machine description languages have been introduced to support the automated development and retargeting of digital signal processor (DSP) software development tools. These languages have yet to move below the ISA-level and adequately address DSP pipeline issues. ISA-level bit-accurate models may be reasonable for small micro-controllers, but are inadequate when applied to complex high-performance DSPs. We introduce a new

Living organ donation has developed into an important therapeutic option in transplantation medicine. However, there are some\\u000a medico-ethical problems that come along with the increasing reliance on this organ source. One of these concerns is based\\u000a on the observation that many more women than men function as living organ donors. Whereas discrimination and differential\\u000a access have been extensively discussed in

Donated media placements for public service announcements (PSAs) can be difficult to secure, and may not always reach intended audiences. Strategies used by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Screen for Life: National Colorectal Cancer Action Campaign (SFL) to obtain donated media placements include producing a diverse mix of high-quality PSAs, co-branding with state and tribal health agencies, securing celebrity involvement, monitoring media trends to identify new distribution opportunities, and strategically timing the release of PSAs. To investigate open-ended recall of PSAs promoting colorectal cancer screening, CDC conducted 12 focus groups in three U.S. cities with men and women either nearing age 50 years, when screening is recommended to begin, or aged 50-75 years who were not in compliance with screening guidelines. In most focus groups, multiple participants recalled exposure to PSAs promoting colorectal cancer screening, and most of these individuals reported having seen SFL PSAs on television, in transit stations, or on the sides of public buses. Some participants reported exposure to SFL PSAs without prompting from the moderator, as they explained how they learned about the disease. Several participants reported learning key campaign messages from PSAs, including that colorectal cancer screening should begin at age 50 years and screening can find polyps so they can be removed before becoming cancerous. Donated media placements can reach and educate mass audiences, including millions of U.S. adults who have not been screened appropriately for colorectal cancer. PMID:23720533

The quality of the organs harvested from a deceased donor is of critical importance for the outcome of the transplantations. During 2005, a quality assurance project was initiated to evaluate the donor management, harvest operation, and flow of information during the donation process. Three kinds of questionnaires were used in each donation. They were completed by the transplant coordinator, the harvesting surgeon, and the surgeons performing the liver and kidney transplantations. Feedback is given to the harvesting teams within 2 weeks after the procedures. The most important findings related to missed information concerning organ abnormalities or organ damage from the procurement operation. Procurement of organs from a deceased donor involves a complex chain of events. Based on our experiences in this 1-year project, we believe that standardized registration of the various parts of the process and structured feedback to the staff give possibilities to improve performance. After minor modifications, this method for quality assurance has been introduced as a permanent part of our donation procedure. We believe that this strategy can help to detect weaknesses and improve transplant outcomes. PMID:17098017

Context-Four challenge campaigns in 2012 and 2013 were undertaken to promote organ donor registrations in New York State. Challenge campaigns relied on community advocates statewide to initiate month-long outreach efforts with top teams earning monetary rewards and public recognition. Objective-To significantly increase the number and proportion of New York residents who have consented to donation through the electronic registry. Design-Four month-long campaigns undertaken in fall and spring of 2012 and 2013. Setting-Statewide recruitment efforts organized by New York Alliance for Donation and the 4 organ procurement organizations in New York State. Participants-Adult residents of New York State. Intervention-Project staff recruited team leaders across New York State and used online and offline resources to recruit teams, educate team leaders, and bolster outreach efforts. Main Outcome Measures-Number of completed registration forms within month-long campaign periods. Also investigated were statistics on website use (eg, page views, new visitors) and interviews with team leaders regarding campaign activities after the campaign. Results-Across 4 campaigns, 107 teams were recruited and 2286 persons registered their consent to donate through the state system. Each team recruited a mean of 21 persons; 40% of teams registered 0 persons. PMID:26107279

A computer program for the estimation of orbit and geodetic parameters is presented. The areas in which the program is operational are defined. The specific uses of the program are given as: (1) determination of definitive orbits, (2) tracking instrument calibration, (3) satellite operational predictions, and (4) geodetic parameter estimation. The relationship between the various elements in the solution of the orbit and geodetic parameter estimation problem is analyzed. The solution of the problems corresponds to the orbit generation mode in the first case and to the data reduction mode in the second case.

An experimental effort was implemented in aeroelasticity called the Benchmark Models Program. The primary purpose of this program is to provide the necessary data to evaluate computational fluid dynamic codes for aeroelastic analysis. It also focuses on increasing the understanding of the physics of unsteady flows and providing data for empirical design. An overview is given of this program and some results obtained in the initial tests are highlighted. The tests that were completed include measurement of unsteady pressures during flutter of rigid wing with a NACA 0012 airfoil section and dynamic response measurements of a flexible rectangular wing with a thick circular arc airfoil undergoing shock boundary layer oscillations.

An optical communications demonstration program designed to demonstrate 2.5 bits of information transfer per single detected photon is described. The program was divided into four demonstration phases representing increasing degrees of complexity. The theoretical analysis of each of the phases is presented where it is shown that the 2.5-bit/detected photon goal can be achieved. The experimental results of phase one, which are in excellent agreement with the theory, are also presented.

Recent shifts in the global health infrastructure warrant consideration of the value and effectiveness of national public health campaigns. These shifts include the globalization of pharmaceutical research, the rise of NGO-funded health interventions, and the rise of biosecurity models of international health. We argue that although these trends have arisen as worthwhile responses to actual health needs, it is important to remember the key role that public health campaigns can play in the promotion of national health, especially in developing nations. Focusing on an example set by China in response to a public health crisis surrounding the national need for a clean and adequate blood supply and the inadvertent spread of HIV by way of blood donation in the early 1990's, we argue that there is an important role for strong national public health programs. We also identify the key factors that enabled China's response to this burgeoning epidemic to be, in the end, largely successful. PMID:19058887

Recent shifts in the global health infrastructure warrant consideration of the value and effectiveness of national public health campaigns. These shifts include the globalization of pharmaceutical research, the rise of NGO-funded health interventions, and the rise of biosecurity models of international health. We argue that although these trends have arisen as worthwhile responses to actual health needs, it is important to remember the key role that public health campaigns can play in the promotion of national health, especially in developing nations. Focusing on an example set by China in response to a public health crisis surrounding the national need for a clean and adequate blood supply and the inadvertent spread of HIV by way of blood donation in the early 19902, we argue that there is an important role for strong national public health programs. We also identify the key factors that enabled China’s response to this bourgeoning epidemic to be, in the end, largely successful. PMID:19058887

A 3-year program was conducted to examine the ecology of Cladophora glomerata and to develop a mathematical model useful in evaluating various management strategies for the control of this nuisance alga. This manuscript provides a detailed description of the field program and stu...

The 1st federal transplant law was enforced in July 2007 with the obligation to promote quality and efficiency in the procedures for organ and tissue donation for transplantation. The Latin organ donation programme (LODP) created in 2008 aims to develop organ donation in 17 public hospitals in 7 Latin cantons, covering 2.2 million people; 29% of the Swiss population. The implementation of various effective measures by the LODP enabled the increase in the number of donors by 70% between 2008 and 2010, with four organs procured per donor; greatly exceeding the European average of three. The results show that LODP has successfully professionalised the system and we can only hope that similar organisations will be put into place throughout Switzerland. PMID:21815538

This brief text was written to provide more extensive treatment of descriptive statistics than is ordinarily available in modern statistics textbooks. It is intended for use in conjunction with any college level text. The booklet consists of an introduction, three content oriented chapters, and four appendices devoted to computer programming…

The purpose of this study is to report findings from a survey of AAAE-member colleges and universities' involvement in professional induction activities of agricultural education teachers. The basis for this research comes from five teacher induction program goals proposed by Johnston and Kay (1987) that serve as a context for presenting the data.…

There is limited research that describes the evaluation procedures utilized by Athletic Training Education Programs (ATEP). The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the process the CAATE member institutions use to assess outcome-based standards in Standard H. This research used a cross-sectional study design. A survey link…

Project PAT (Parents Are Teachers), a program for parents and their children from birth through 3 years, is described. PAT is a nationally validated Title III, Elementary and Secondary Education Act demonstration project in the St. Cloud Community Schools district of Minnesota. The focus of PAT is the quality of the parent-child relationship and…

WINDOW 4.0 is a publicly available IBM PC compatible computer program developed by the Windows and Daylighting Group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory for calculating total window thermal performance indices (e.g. U-values, solar heat gain coefficients, shading coefficients, and visible transmittances). WINDOW 4.0 provides a versatile heat transfer analysis method consistent with the rating procedure developed by the National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC). The program can be used to design and develop new products, to rate and compare performance characteristics of all types of window products, to assist educators in teaching heat transfer through windows, and to help public officials in developing building energy codes. WINDOW 4.0 is a major revision to WINDOW 3.1 and we strongly urge all users to read this manual before using the program. Users who need professional assistance with the WINDOW 4.0 program or other window performance simulation issues are encouraged to contact one or more of the NFRC-accredited Simulation Laboratories. A list of these accredited simulation professionals is available from the NFRC.

This study examined if the prosocial effects of oxytocin (OT) extend from individuals to a generalized other who is in need. Participants played a series of economic games to earn money and were presented with an opportunity to donate a portion of their earnings to charity. OT did not significantly increase the decision to donate, but among the 36% of participants who did donate, people infused with OT were found to donate 48% more to charity than those given a placebo. The amount of money earned in the experiment had no effect on whether or not a donation was made or the size of a donation. This is the first study showing that OT increases generosity in unilateral exchanges directed toward philanthropic social institutions, as opposed to immediate benefits directed at individuals or groups. PMID:21596046

Drawing upon the epidemiological, clinical, and behavioral studies suggesting the importance and feasibility of multidisciplinary efforts to reduce levels of risk variables for cardiovascular and other chronic diseases, a short-term live-in intervention program was developed. The program includes efforts to reduce smoking, weight, blood lipids, blood pressure, and stress through improving habits of exercise, nutrition, weight management, and stress control delivered to individuals with varying levels of health risk based on measurable biochemical and physiological variables and medical history. Major changes occurred during the 24-day program in 459 individuals enrolled in the program: 68% of smokers ceased, average cholesterol fell from 240 to 200 mg%, ideal body weight fell from 134 to 129% (82 to 79 kg), systolic blood pressure (BP) fell from 131 to 119 mm Hg, diastolic BP fell from 81 to 73 mm Hg. and reported feelings of general well-being increased. Greater changes were observed in the high-risk groups. Follow-up results at 1 year (48% of patients reporting) for those defined as high risk were a net decrease of 22 mg% in cholesterol, 7 mm Hg in systolic BP, 6 mm Hg in diastolic BP, and 6.8% of ideal body weight; 45% of those smoking at admission were still not smoking at 1 year (32% reporting). For those at lower risk there was a general return of risk levels toward baseline values. PMID:6878203

An optimal vocational evaluation program is described which was provided as part of a treatment of vocational and school behaviors of 119 reluctant learners from twenty-two rural school districts. (The 60-hour vocational evaluation process involved out-of-school psychometric and work sample testing over a two-week period.) An alternative in-school…

The current study described physical education teacher education (PETE) programs at institutions located within the Central District of the United States (CDAAAHPERD). Of the 72 institutions invited to participate, 44 institutions completed the survey (58% response rate). The purpose of this study was to describe the general profile/practices of…

During the past four years, IBM data processing computers have been utilized to perform countless studies involving the optimization of the HAPO plutonium production complex (RA.PO and off-site supporting plants). During this time, three process optimization models have been constructed and associated Fortran programs have been written. These three are (1) maximum net return, (2) minimum reactor unit cost, and

closes at 3pm. Office areas drift. None. Auto-CPP SystemAuto?CPP program. These facilities were a diverse set of building types, including office Auto?CPP communication profiles by site Communication Device Method Relay at site ADAM6060 ACWD Relay at site ADAM6060 Office/

The Citrus Clonal Protection Program (CCPP) is operated through the Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology at University of California (UC) Riverside and is funded in large part by The California Citrus Research Board (CRB). The CCPP processes citrus propagative material in two phases. First...

Co-op Intern Nike, Inc. The Nike Considered Water Program is an environmental sustainability initiative focused on improving wastewater quality and water efficiency in Nike's global supply chain, particularly at textile mills that dye and finish materials for Nike apparel and footwear. As our Co-op Intern

In 2004, the U.S. Department of Education's Policy and Program Studies Service contracted with SRI International and its partner, Policy Studies Associates, to undertake an evaluation of the 21st Century Community Learning Centers. The following evaluation questions informed this study: (1) What is the nature of activities in centers that are…

In March 2010, China launched a pilot programme of deceased donor organ donation in 10 provinces and cities. However, the deceased donor donation rate in China remains significantly lower than in Spain and other Western countries. In order to provide incentive for deceased donor organ donation, five pilot provinces and cities have subsequently launched a financial compensation policy. Financial compensation can be considered to include two main forms, the 'thank you' form and the 'help' form. The 'thank you' form is an expression of gratitude on behalf of the Red Cross Society of China for consenting to donation. The 'help' form is social welfare support for needy families. PMID:23322684

Understanding bone health is least invasively and most effectively done through studying skeletal remains that reflect the living populations who will benefit from the knowledge produced through research. Donated body collections that accurately represent modern populations are needed for osteological insights to be applied to clinical practices. However, even though the US is growing increasingly diverse, donated body collections still suffer from a lack of ethnic diversity. Most individuals who donate their whole-bodies after death are European-American. Reasons for a lack of ethnic diversity stem from past injustices and present religious norms. Increasing body donation among minorities in the US and abroad may be difficult. PMID:25775919

Predictors of people's intention to register with a body bequest program for donating their deceased body to medical science and research were examined using standard theory of planned behavior (TPB) predictors (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control) and adding moral norm, altruism, and knowledge. Australian students (N = 221) at a university with a recently established body bequest program completed measures of the TPB's underlying beliefs (behavioral, normative, and control beliefs) and standard and extended TPB predictors, with a sub-sample reporting their registration-related behavior 2 months later. The standard TPB accounted for 43.6%, and the extended predictors an additional 15.1% of variance in intention. The significant predictors were attitude, subjective norm, and moral norm, partially supporting an extended TPB in understanding people's body donation intentions. Further, important underlying beliefs can inform strategies to target prospective donors. PMID:25559925

The use of 'broad-specification' fuels in aircraft gas turbine engines can be a significant factor in offsetting anticipated shortages of current-specification jet fuel in the latter part of the century. The changes in fuel properties accompanying the use of broad-specification fuels will tend to cause numerous emissions, performance, and durability problems in currently-designed combustion systems. The NASA Broad-Specification Fuels Combustion Technology Program is a contracted effort to evolve and demonstrate the technology required to utilize broad-specification fuels in current and next generation commercial Conventional Takeoff and Landing (CTOL) aircraft engines, and to verify this technology in full-scale engine tests in 1983. The program consists of three phases: Combustor Concept Screening, Combustor Optimization Testing, and Engine Verification Testing.

A comprehensive aerodynamic analysis program based on linearized potential theory is described. The solution treats thickness and attitude problems at subsonic and supersonic speeds. Three dimensional configurations with or without jet flaps having multiple nonplanar surfaces of arbitrary planform and open or closed slender bodies or noncircular contour are analyzed. Longitudinal and lateral-directional static and rotary derivative solutions are generated. The analysis is implemented on a time sharing system in conjunction with an input tablet digitizer and an interactive graphics input/output display and editing terminal to maximize its responsiveness to the preliminary analysis problem. Nominal case computation time of 45 CPU seconds on the CDC 175 for a 200 panel simulation indicates the program provides an efficient analysis for systematically performing various aerodynamic configuration tradeoff and evaluation studies.

Direct emissions of NOx, volatile organic compounds, and particulate matter (PM) by aircraft contribute to the pollutant levels found in the atmosphere. Aircraft emissions can be injected at the ground level or directly at the high altitude in flight. Conversion of the precursor gases into secondary PM is one of the pathways for the increased atmospheric PM. Atmospheric PM interacts with solar radiation altering atmospheric radiation balance and potentially contributing to global and regional climate changes. Also, direct emissions of air toxics, ozone precursors and PM from aircraft in and around civilian airports and military air bases can worsen local air quality in non-attainment and/or maintenance areas. These emissions need to be quantified. However, the current EPA methods for particle emission measurements from such sources, modified Method 5 and Conditional Test Method 039, are gravimetric-based, and it is anticipated that these methods will not be suitable for current and future generations of aircraft turbine engines, whose particle mass emissions are low. To evaluate measurement approaches for military aircraft emissions, two complementary projects were initiated in 2005. A joint field campaign between these two programs was executed during the first week of October 2005 at the Kentucky Air National Guard (KYANG) base in Louisville, KY. This campaign represented the first in a series of field studies for each program funded by the DoD Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) and provided the basis for cross-comparison of the sampling approaches and measurement techniques employed by the respective program teams. This paper describes the overall programmatic of the multi-year SERDP aircraft emissions research and presents a summary of the results from the joint field campaign.

Maintaining stable, robust, and consistent software is difficult in face of the increasing rate of change of customers' preferences, materials, manufacturing techniques, computer equipment, and other characteristic features of manufacturing systems. It is argued that software is commonly difficult to keep up to date because many of the implications of these changing features on software details are obscure. A possible solution is to use a software generation system in which the transformation of system properties into system software is made explicit. The proposed generation system stores the system properties, such as machine properties, product properties and information on manufacturing techniques, in databases. As a result this information, on which system control is based, can also be made available to other programs. In particular, artificial intelligence programs such as fault diagnosis programs, can benefit from using the same information as the control system, rather than a separate database which must be developed and maintained separately to ensure consistency. Experience in developing a simplified model of such a system is presented.

This study analyses the variables associated with the decisions made by families of potential organ donors to give or deny consent for the extraction of organs. Different indicators were recorded in 68 cases of family interview for petition of consent carried out in 13 Spanish hospitals. Those variables showing the strongest relation with family decision (donation\\/refusal of consent) are knowledge

Introduction Matabeleland South launched the malaria pre-elimination campaign in 2012 but provincial spraying coverage has failed to attain 95% target, with some districts still encountering malaria outbreaks. A study was conducted to evaluate program performance against achieving malaria pre-elimination. Methods A descriptive cross sectional study was done in 5 districts carrying out IRS using the logical framework involving inputs, process, outputs and outcome evaluation. Health workers recruited into the study included direct program implementers, district and provincial program managers. An interviewer administered questionnaire, checklists, key informant interviewer guide and desk review of records were used to collect data. Results We enrolled 37 primary respondents and 5 key informants. Pre-elimination, Epidemic Preparedness and Response plans were absent in all districts. Shortages of inputs were reported by 97% of respondents, with districts receiving 80% of requested budget. Insecticides were procured centrally at national level. Spraying started late and districts failed to spray all targeted households by end of December. The province is using makeshift camps with inappropriate evaporation ponds where liquid DDT waste is not safely accounted for. The provincial IHRS coverage for 2011 was 84%. Challenges cited included; food shortages for spraymen, late delivery of inputs and poor state of IHRS equipment. Conclusion The province has failed to achieve Malaria pre-elimination IRS coverage targets for 2011/12 season. Financial and logistical challenges led to delays in supply of program inputs, recruitment and training of sprayers. The Province should establish camping infrastructure with standard evaporation ponds to minimise contamination of the environment. PMID:26015847

...false Valuation of donated equipment, buildings, and land. 3015.55 Section 3015...55 Valuation of donated equipment, buildings, and land. When a third party donates equipment, buildings or land, and the title is given...

...false Valuation of donated equipment, buildings, and land. 3015.55 Section 3015...55 Valuation of donated equipment, buildings, and land. When a third party donates equipment, buildings or land, and the title is given...

...gift of life through organ and tissue donation. More than 110...the decision to be an organ and tissue donor. I...Americans to say yes to donation by giving blood regularly...card. When considering organ donation, Americans...

...false Valuation of donated equipment, buildings, and land. 3015.55 Section 3015...55 Valuation of donated equipment, buildings, and land. When a third party donates equipment, buildings or land, and the title is given...

...false Valuation of donated equipment, buildings, and land. 3015.55 Section 3015...55 Valuation of donated equipment, buildings, and land. When a third party donates equipment, buildings or land, and the title is given...

...false Valuation of donated equipment, buildings, and land. 3015.55 Section 3015...55 Valuation of donated equipment, buildings, and land. When a third party donates equipment, buildings or land, and the title is given...

The Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) Project document control and records management program, as defined within this document, is based on a broad spectrum of regulatory requirements, Department of Energy (DOE) and Project Hanford and SNF Project-specific direction and guidance. The SNF Project Execution Plan, HNF-3552, requires the control of documents and management of records under the auspices of configuration control, conduct of operations, training, quality assurance, work control, records management, data management, engineering and design control, operational readiness review, and project management and turnover. Implementation of the controls, systems, and processes necessary to ensure compliance with applicable requirements is facilitated through plans, directives, and procedures within the Project Hanford Management System (PHMS) and the SNF Project internal technical and administrative procedures systems. The documents cited within this document are those which directly establish or define the SNF Project document control and records management program. There are many peripheral documents that establish requirements and provide direction pertinent to managing specific types of documents that, for the sake of brevity and clarity, are not cited within this document.

The generation of technology was studied for the development of advanced commercial CTOL aircraft engines with lower exhaust emissions than current aircraft. The program is in three phases. Phase 1, already completed, consisted of screening tests of low pollution combustor concepts. Phase 2, currently in progress, consists of test rig refinement of the most promising combustor concepts. Phase 2 test results are reported. Phase 3, also currently in progress, consists of incorporating and evaluating the best combustors as part of a complete engine. Engine test plans and pollution sampling techniques are described in this report. Program pollution goals, specified at engine idle and take-off conditions, are idle emission index value of 20 and 4 for carbon monoxide (CO) and total unburned hydrocarbons (THC), respectively, and at take-off are an oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emission index level of 10 and a smoke number of 15. Pollution data were obtained at all engine operating conditions. Results are presented in terms of emission index and also in terms of the Environmental Protection Agency's 1979 Standards Parameter.

FRAGSTATS is a public-domain GIS implementation of a set of spatial statistics that address a fundamental problem in GIS applications, description and comparison of maps. The spatial statistics from the 1:2,500,000-scale United States geologic map of Nevada, the central United States, and the northeastern United States quantify the differences in complexity and variability between these three geologic terranes. Nevada is defined by a large number of patches of small size and low size variability, whereas the Central area has a small number of patches with smaller relative size variability. All three areas have similar map-unit shape complexity with Nevada having the lowest. Based on the density of edges, the areas can be ranked from highest to lowest, as Nevada, Central, and Northeast. The Shannon diversity index ranks the areas from highest to lowest, as Northeast, Nevada, and Central, but the Shannon evenness index ranks them from highest to lowest, as Northeast, Central, and Nevada. These rankings may reflect the influence of folding in the Northeast and Central areas as opposed to basin and range extension in Nevada. The core areas statistic ranks the areas for spatial accuracy from highest to lowest, as Central, Northeast, and Nevada, with Northeast and Nevada being similar. For a scale comparison, the FRAGSTATS statistics quantify the increased complexity and spatial accuracy that is inherent in going from small- to larger-scale maps. For example for 1:2,500,000-1:500,000-scale maps of Nevada, respectively, the area weighted fractal dimension increase from 1.1 to 1.18, and the total core areas index almost doubles from 39.09 to 63.38. In addition, the fractal dimensions discriminate gross lithology and tectonic terranes. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Ethical and legal consensus in our country bases the practice of donations and transplants on different ethical principles, which are contained in the legislation, closely conforming to the four principles of principialist bioethics: autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. The level of donations achieved in our milieu might, in fact, be related to a strict respect for these principles by the health professionals, as well as to the excellent organisation of the transplant world. Many scientific, technical and ethical challenges have had to be met to reach the present state of the transplant. And there are many current challenges. The article only analyses some of these due to their technical, ethical and social repercussions: organ transplants involving a live donor, the public request for organs, the organ market, the transplant of non-vital organs (basically the face transplant), the use of stem cells and the banks of umbilical cord cells. The aim of the article is to state the ethical problems raised by these new practices, in order to lay the foundations for a moral deliberation that must necessarily involve the whole of society. PMID:17469237

Honor with Books Donation Form Please complete this form, print and sign if paying by credit card. Yes! I want to create a lasting tribute through the Honor with Books program. $120 for a virtual plate in an eBook $80 for the plating of each volume $40 for the plating of each existing title

The Project Prometheus Alternator Electric Thruster Integration Laboratory's (ATIL) primary two objectives are to obtain test data to influence the power conversion and electric propulsion systems design, and to assist in developing the primary power quality specifications prior to system Preliminary Design Review (PDR). ATIL is being developed in stages or configurations of increasing fidelity and complexity in order to support the various phases of the Prometheus program. ATIL provides a timely insight of the electrical interactions between a representative Permanent Magnet Generator, its associated control schemes, realistic electric system loads, and an operating electric propulsion thruster. The ATIL main elements are an electrically driven 100 kWe Alternator Test Unit (ATU), an alternator controller using parasitic loads, and a thruster Power Processing Unit (PPU) breadboard. This paper describes the ATIL components, its development approach, preliminary integration test results, and current status.

The objectives of this project were to apply emerging techniques and tools from the computer science discipline of paperless management to the activities of the Space Transportation and Exploration Office (PT01) in Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Program Development, thereby enhancing the productivity of the workforce, the quality of the data products, and the collection, dissemination, and storage of information. The approach used to accomplish the objectives emphasized the utilization of finished form (off-the-shelf) software products to the greatest extent possible without impacting the performance of the end product, to pursue developments when necessary in the rapid prototyping environment to provide a mechanism for frequent feedback from the users, and to provide a full range of user support functions during the development process to promote testing of the software.

01-19-09 Brain donation is one of the most important contributions to research. Brain donations 200 brain tissue samples to researchers. Some of the major findings that came about through utilization of this precious gift include: In 2006, Todd Preuss and his team showed that certain brain

01-19-09 Brain donation is one of the most important contributions to research. As researchers work to better understand disorders that affect mental function with aging, brain donations are essential to their progress. By studying the anatomy, pathology, and chemistry of the brains of people with memory problems

Body donation is a gracious act, Shankarcharaya firmly believed in concept of Body Donation or Organ Donation and said Iddham sharirum paropakarum i.e. the body is for use of others and death is not the end, it is the beginning. Anatomy is important basic subject for medicalstudents, both U.G. & P.G. Best method of Anatomy learning is by dissection on human cadavers, which remains principle teaching tool. Human cadavers for purpose of study are a scarcity with mushrooming of medical institutions in this country. Unclaimed bodies are no more origin of cadavers. Whole Body donation is the need of the hour. A Voluntary Body Donation is defined as the act of giving oneís Body after death for Medical research and education. In this article a survey was done in S.V.S. Medical & Dental Colleges Faculty members and medical exhibition visitors which include lawyers, engineers, teachers and others during the year of 2010. The body donation including organ donation and various factors such as age, religion, culture and donorís attitude are discussed. Body donation provides the students and medical researchers with unparalleled opportunities to study the human body. Computers nor books cannot totally replace body dissection in learning the anatomy.

This study examined if the prosocial effects of oxytocin (OT) extend from individuals to a generalized other who is in need. Participants played a series of economic games to earn money and were presented with an opportunity to donate a portion of their earnings to charity. OT did not significantly increase the decision to donate, but among the 36% of

Professionals in the health care and organ procurement fields reveal that black Americans display limited commitment to organ donation. The present study represents an attempt to shed some light on this issue by examining the relationship of selected demographic, knowledge and attitude-belief variables to willingness to consider organ donation within a black population. Findings indicated that only a few of

Despite nearly 50 years of experience with living kidney donation, ethical questions about this practice continue to haunt us today. In this editorial I will address two of them: (1) Given the possibility of limited understanding and coercion, how can we be sure that a person who offers to donate an organ is acting autonomously? and (2) Do people have

Commercialization of human gametes is now legally prohibited in Canada under the Assisted Human Reproduction Act 2004, making semen donation in Canada altruistic and anonymous by law. Donors must be altruistically motivated to donate gametes without receiving monetary rewards. Globally speaking, Canada is neither the first nor the only country in the world that has legislation to support altruistic gamete

This article describes a pre-post survey given to medical students in a gross anatomy course addressing the attitudes toward becoming cadaver donators. Outcomes discuss the influence of actively dissecting a cadaver and how that shifts students away from donating one's body.

The spiral structure of the Milky Way is highly uncertain and is the subject of much discussion nowadays. We present the first result from a program that determines the properties of the Local spiral arm (LOA), together with a full description of the program. In this context we have made a comprehensive study of the young LOA open cluster NGC 2302, which includes a UBVRI photometric analysis and determination of its kinematic properties - proper motion and radial velocity - and of its orbital parameters. We determined the mean PM of NGC 2302 relative to the local field of disk stars, and, through a comparison with the UCAC4 catalog, we transformed this relative PM into an absolute one. Using medium-resolution spectroscopy of 26 stars in the field of NGC 2302, we derived its mean RV. Isochrone fits to the photometric diagrams allowed us to determine the fundamental parameters of NGC 2302, including reddening, distance, and age. The kinematic data and derived distance allowed us to determine the space motion of...

A description of a batch of programs for the YeS-1040 computer combined into an automated system for processing photo (and video) images of the Earth's surface, taken from spacecraft, is presented. Individual programs with the detailed discussion of the algorithmic and programmatic facilities needed by the user are presented. The basic principles for assembling the system, and the control programs are included. The exchange format within whose framework the cataloging of any programs recommended for the system of processing will be activated in the future is displayed.

There has been dramatic growth in the last decade in the literature on psychosocial and financial impacts of living organ donation. With this growth has come recognition that these impacts must be considered when educating prospective donors about the donation process, and when planning donor follow-up care after donation. Our review highlights recent studies that provide new information on the nature of psychosocial and financial outcomes in living donors, with special attention to studies examining unrelated donors (i.e., those with no biologic or longstanding emotional connection to the transplant patient), given that these individuals represent a growing segment of the living donor population. Limitations and gaps in available evidence are noted. We also discuss recent recommendations for post-donation monitoring of donors' psychosocial and financial outcomes, and we consider advances in evidence regarding interventions and prevention strategies to minimize any adverse psychosocial and financial impacts of living donation. PMID:24592353

The number of kidney transplants from live donors is increasing worldwide, yet donor needs have not been satisfactorily addressed in either developed or developing countries. This paper argues that unmet donor needs are unfair to live kidney donors in two ways. First, when safeguards against the risks of donation are insufficient, live donation can impair the donor's health and thus his or her fair opportunities to access jobs and offices and to function as a free and equal citizen more generally. Secondly, when the financial costs of donation are not fully compensated, operational fairness (associated with the nephrectomy event) is compromised for the donor. The donor assumes the risks of a nontherapeutic intervention--for the good of the recipient and society--and should not have to incur costs for donating. Based on a systematic analysis of unmet donor needs in developed and developing countries, context-relative measures to improve institutional fairness to live kidney donors are delineated in this paper. The identified ways of safeguarding donation risks and compensating donation costs are not merely means to removing disincentives for donation and increasing donation rates. They are essential for preserving institutional fairness in the health care of the live kidney donor. PMID:17711405

This article is a description of a program that may be effective for reducing the aggressive behaviors of adults with intellectual disabilities. Data are presented in the form of a naturally occurring multiple baseline across two participants. Results suggest that an intervention anchored in teaching-family model (TFM) procedures was effective to…

Amyloid Treatment and Research Program key clinical research accomplishments: Description of the natural history of amyloid diseases, which varies with each clinical type with respect to organ system at the Lahey Clinic. Pioneering of the use of high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation

In this study, 78 family pair dyads (spouses, parent-child pairs, or siblings) were brought into an interaction laboratory set up like a living room. After being briefed on the study, family members discussed a series of eight questions about their thoughts and opinions about organ donation. Thematic analysis of the thousands of pages of transcripts revealed that family members believe that they receive important information about organ donation through the media. Unfortunately, the most influential information came from sensationalistic, negative media portrayals. The myths that seem to be the most actively referenced by the media include premature declaration of death, the transference of personality traits from donor to recipient, a US black market for organs, corruption in the medical community, and corruption in the organ allocation system (which allows celebrities to get transplants first). Although these are not the only myths that the generally public holds to be true, the media is a powerful source of support for these particular myths. Therefore, such myths must be countered effectively if greater consent for organ donation is to be attained. PMID:16146561

Rapid autopsy or rapid tissue donation (RTD) is a novel method of tissue procurement in which ‘fresh’ tissue is collected within 2-6 hours following the death of a patient. While the use of RTD offers many opportunities to develop new therapies for lung cancer patients, it raises ethical concerns. The purpose of this study was to examine knowledge, perceptions and ethical concerns about recruiting patients for a RTD program. To achieve research goals, we conducted six focus groups, each containing 5-10 participants (N=38). Participants were cancer patients (n=17) their caregivers (n=6), physicians (n=6) and clinic staff (n=9) from the Thoracic Oncology Program at Moffitt Cancer Center, in Tampa, Florida, USA. All focus groups were audio-recorded and conducted using a semi-structured focus group guide. The transcripts were analyzed using hand-coding methods. Data were coded independently by at least two researchers, and an inter-rater reliability rate of ? 90% was achieved. Knowledge about RTD was low among all groups, with physicians having slightly higher knowledge; all groups agreed that RTD offered major benefits to cancer research; physicians and clinic staff were mainly concerned about making a patient feel uncomfortable and reducing hope, while, patients and family members were more concerned about logistics and how the family would be affected during tissue retrieval. All groups agreed the physician was the appropriate person to begin a discussion about RTD and that recruitment should be individualized. All groups reported that physician training is necessary, as well as an awareness campaign for patients and families to be more receptive about RTD. The results of this study suggested more education is needed for all stakeholders to learn about RTD prior to the initiation of a research program. Our approach of querying all stakeholders provides a firm foundation for future training modules regarding RTD programs in lung cancer. PMID:24355468

The HIGHWAY program provides a flexible tool for predicting highway routes for transporting radioactive materials in the United States. The HIGHWAY data base is essentially a computerized road atlas that currently describes over 240,000 miles of highways. Complete descriptions of all Interstate System and most US highways (except those that parallel a nearby Interstate highway) are included in the data base. Many of the principal state highways and a number of local and county highways are also identified. The data base also includes locations of nuclear facilities and major airports. Several different types of routes may be calculated, depending on a set of user-supplied constraints. Routes are calculated by minimizing the total impedance between the origin and the destination. Basically, the impedance is defined as a function of distance and driving time along a particular highway segment. Several routing constraints can be imposed during the calculations. One of the special features of the HIGHWAY model is its ability to calculate routes that maximize use of Interstate System highways. This feature allows the user to predict routes for shipments of radioactive materials that conform to the US Department of Transportation routing regulations. Other features of the model include the ability to predict routes that bypass a specific state, city, town, or highway segment. Two special features have been incorporated in HIGHWAY, version 3.1. The first is the ability to automatically calculate alternative routes. Frequently, there are a number of routes between the source and destination that vary slightly in distance and estimated driving time. The HIGHWAY program offers a selection of different but nearly equal routes. The second special feature is the capability to calculate route-specific population density statistics. The population density distribution is calculated for each highway segment in the route and is reported on a state-by-state basis.

The growing shortage in human organs has raised serious concerns. To address this problem, we examine in this article the association between demographic and socioeconomic factors, and respondents' willingness to donate cadaveric organs using a large survey of Malaysian adults aged 18 years and above.A convenience sampling method was used to extract information from a total of 10,350 participants from Metropolitan Kuala Lumpur over the period of April 2, 2013 to February 29, 2014. In addition to analyzing the data using incidence of willingness to donate by demographic and socioeconomic factors, we carried out logistic regression analysis to estimate the odds ratio of respondents' willingness to become cadaveric organ donors controlling for age.About less than a third of the participants pledged to donate their organs upon death with women (35.6%) showing a higher incidence compared with men (33.2%). The Chinese (35.7%) and Malays (35.0%) pledged to contribute more than the Indians (31.6%) and the logistic regressions show that Malays (adjusted odds ration [OR]?= 1.18) and Chinese (adjusted OR = 1.21) are more likely to donate than Indians (reference group). The results by religion were significant among Muslims and Hindus but not Buddhists. The likelihood of Muslims donating was the lowest (adjusted OR = 0.26). Income was also highly significant but the relationship with willingness to donate was negative. Against tertiary education, all other occupations were significant. However, the respondents with primary education enjoyed the highest adjusted OR (5.46) whereas that of secondary (0.48) and higher secondary (0.83) education was low. Among occupations (against supervisory, clerical, and direct workers), it was significant only among the unemployed and managers with adjusted OR of 1.50 and 1.58, respectively.Sex, education, ethnicity, religion, and income are important demographic and socioeconomic influences on the likelihood of Malaysians willing to become cadaveric organ donors. The Malaysian evidence suggests that awareness programs should be targeted at men, Muslims, Hindus, Malays, and the rich more than the others. PMID:25415665

Damage to forest ecosystems on mountains in the eastern United States has prompted a study conducted for the US Environmental Protection Agency's Mountain Cloud Chemistry Program (MCCP). This study has led to the development of a numerical model called MCCP PLUVIUS, which has been used to investigate the chemical transformations and cloud droplet deposition in shallow, nonprecipitating orographic clouds. The MCCP PLUVIUS model was developed as a specialized version of the existing PLUVIUS MOD 5.0 reactive storm model. It is capable of simulating aerosol scavenging, nonreactive gas scavenging, aqueous phase SO/sub 2/ reactions, and cloud water deposition. A description of the new model is provided along with information on model inputs and outputs, as well as suggestions for its further development. The MCCP PLUVIUS incorporates a new method to determine the depth of the layer of air which flows over a mountaintop to produce an orographic cloud event. It provides a new method for calculating hydrogen ion concentrations, and provides updated expressions and values for solubility, dissociation and reaction rate constants.

In this paper, we seek to re-conceptualize the ethical framework through which ethicists and medical professionals view the practice of live kidney donations. The ethics of organ donation has been understood primarily within the framework of individual rights and impartiality, but we show that the ethic of care captures the moral situation of live kidney donations in a more coherent and comprehensive way, and offers guidance for practitioners that is more attentive to the actual moral transactions among donors and recipients. A final section offers guidelines for the practice of live kidney transplants that emerge from an ethic of care. PMID:18642067

Numerous documents (declarations, codes, recommendations, guidelines) issued by eminent institutions recommend that the donation of blood should be voluntary and unremunerated. This does not preclude the possibility: 1) that donors receive some form of reimbursement; 2) that subsequent procedures, which inevitably incur costs, may involve considerable financial activity; 3) that legislation in some nations may allow trade in certain types of human biological material; 4) that voluntarily donated human blood be used to derive products that are subsequently marketed. The present article highlights some of the contradictions generated by these considerations and affirms that they do not undermine the primary duty to uphold the voluntary nature of donation. PMID:24334789

.frontiermedex.com #12;MEDICAL ASSISTANCE SERVICES Worldwide Medical and Dental Referrals:Worldwide Medical and Dental Referrals:Worldwide Medical and Dental Referrals:Worldwide Medical and Dental Referrals: We will provide/7 emergency medical and travel assistance services when You are outside Your Home Country or 100 or more miles

if the materials you would like to donate are already in the collection. As a small organization with limited spaceDonation of Library Materials to the University of Arizona Poetry Center Your interest in donating: Learn More Library Materials When considering making a donation of library materials to the Poetry

A timeline containing altitude, control surface deflection rates and angles, hinge moment loads, thrust vector control gimbal rates, and main throttle settings is used to derive the model. The timeline is constructed from the output of one or more trajectory simulation programs.

The Doppler spectrometer is a conventional Czerny-Turner grating spectrometer with a 1024 channel multiple detector. Light is dispersed across the detector, and its output yields a spectrum covering approximately 200 A. The width of the spectral peak is directly proportional to the temperature of the emitting ions, and determination of the impurity ion temperature allows one to infer the plasma ion temperature. The Doppler ion software system developed at General Atomic uses a TRACOR Northern 1710-31 and an LSI-11/2. The exact configuration of Doublet III is different from TRACOR Northern systems at other facilities.

This study utilized a community-based, participatory research model between the Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration (AFTD) and the Education Core of the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center. A total of 30 caregivers of persons with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) participated in 6 focus groups in 3 cities. The majority of participants were spouses of the person with FTD and had been providing care for an average of 6 years. Transcript analysis revealed 7 prominent themes: willingness to participate, when/how the issue of brain donation is raised, who initiates discussion about brain donation, who is involved in decisions about brain donation, motivation for participating in brain donation, lack of effective communication, and barriers to research participation. Caregivers demonstrated a strong desire to participate in research and contribute to advancing knowledge. The lack of effective communication between the clinicians and caregivers was a barrier to developing positive rapport, detrimentally impacting research participation. PMID:22021861

Organs donated from persons born outside Spain are becoming increasingly numerous. These persons now account for 26.1% of all donors in the "Malaga sector," an area of tourism with a high percentage of immigrants. Acceptance to donation among persons from Europe and South America is similar to that of Spanish persons but lower among those born in Africa. We must recognize the great help that cultural mediators provided not only by assistance with the language barrier but also by generating confidence among families and understanding their emotions, feelings, and traditions, mainly during interviews with families from different social and cultural miliere. To be efficient, the interpreters or cultural mediators need to have received specific training in the organ donation process and to be involved and convinced that organ donation and transplantation is the best solution for severe health problems. PMID:19010131

Humans often sacrifice material benefits to endorse or to oppose societal causes based on moral beliefs. Charitable donation behavior, which has been the target of recent experimental economics studies, is an outstanding contemporary manifestation of this ability. Yet the neural bases of this unique aspect of human altruism, which extends beyond interpersonal interactions, remain obscure. In this article, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging while participants anonymously donated to or opposed real charitable organizations related to major societal causes. We show that the mesolimbic reward system is engaged by donations in the same way as when monetary rewards are obtained. Furthermore, medial orbitofrontal–subgenual and lateral orbitofrontal areas, which also play key roles in more primitive mechanisms of social attachment and aversion, specifically mediate decisions to donate or to oppose societal causes. Remarkably, more anterior sectors of the prefrontal cortex are distinctively recruited when altruistic choices prevail over selfish material interests. PMID:17030808

... cornea with a new one. Is the whole eye transplanted? No – only the corneas can be transplanted. ... successfully restore the corneal recipient’s vision. Why should eyes be donated? There is no substitute for human ...

Sarah Quinn, an Education student at The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle has become the national face for DonateWest, a Western Australian (WA) agency that promotes organ donation.\\u000aMs Quinn, who is majoring in Special Needs Primary Education, has Cystic Fibrosis, and at the age of 17 received a double lung transplant.\\u000a“People that I knew started asking me

Summary Background: The aim of this study was to assess the safety of preoperative autologous blood donation (PABD) during cardiac surgery. Methods: 64 patients undergoing first-time elective cardiac surgery were prospectively followed up during PABD before cardiac surgery. Three blood donations in weekly intervals were performed, and all patients received oral (350 mg&sol;day FE&plus;) or i.v. iron (150 mg &sol;week)

This letter to the editor is in response to an article published in ASE regarding the ethics of body donation. The letter addresses a central focus of international and national cadaver donation issues, a decrease in cadaver donation. Specifically this article offers a suggestion on how a university has been able to increase cadaver donations due to the development of a Cadaver Donation Association by faculty.

Organ shortage is the most significant factor in restricting the activities of transplantation systems. We herein report the positive impact of Muslims' holy month of Ramadan on willingness to donate organs in Iran. Data were derived from the database of Donation Willingness Registries, affiliated to the organ procurement unit of Masih Daneshvari Hospital during March 2007 till March 2008. The number of applications for organ donation was compared between Ramadan and its previous month, and the socio-economic characteristics of the applicants were compared between those who applied in Ramadan and those who did so in the previous month. In addition, the mean number of daily applications was compared between Ramadan and the other months of the same year. A total of 11528 applications for organ donation cards were registered for the Ramadan of 2007 as opposed to 4538 applications in the previous month, showing an increasing rate of 154%. The mean number of daily applications was significantly higher in Ramadan than that of the other months of the same year (P < 0.001). There was also a significant difference in terms of the socio-economic characteristics between the applicants in Ramadan and those in the previous month. The increase in organ donation willingness in Ramadan may be the result of the propagation of altruism by the mass media and religious organizations. Ramadan seems to provide a great opportunity to promote organ donation across the Muslim world. PMID:20427866

In recent decades, the Western world has been experiencing a societal trend to prioritize the professional careers of women who postpone motherhood to about 40 years of age, when, unfortunately, natural reproductive potential declines. This is the reason why these women increasingly find it necessary to resort to oocyte donation to have a child. Thanks to the young age of the donors, the efficacy of oocyte donation is the highest of all assisted reproduction treatments and pregnancy rates achieved with this technique exceed 50%. Moreover, the large registries from ESHRE and ASRM show live birth rates close to this figure. However, there are patients who experience repeated failures in several oocyte-donation cycles, and so far oocyte-donation repeated implantation failure has not been clearly defined. This study analysed the results obtained from 2531 oocyte-donation cycles carried out in 1990 patients and defines oocyte-donation repeated implantation failure as failure to implant with more than two embryo transfers and more than four high-grade embryos transferred. This study observed this condition in 140 oocyte recipients (7%). Also, oocyte cohort size, uterine factors and systemic thrombophilias as important aetiological factors were identified were to offer new therapeutic strategies to patients. PMID:24268727

Three hundred and thirty-six people representing three ethnic groups (White, Asian, and Afro-Caribbean) were asked to rank their preferences concerning various incentives that might induce them to agree to the posthumous donation of their body parts. A conjoint analysis of the responses suggested that 'self centred' options (notably upfront cash payments and priority on waiting lists) were generally more popular than 'altruistic' alternatives. Members of the sample already possessing donor cards were more knowledgeable about the issue of organ transplantation than others, were less squeamish, and had relatives who favoured organ donation. The strength of a person's desire to donate body parts was related positively to self-respect and whether the individual was 'religious'; and negatively to (i) squeamishness and (ii) having relatives who objected to transplantation. Altruistic preferences vis-à-vis organ donation were associated with knowledgeability, self-esteem, family background, low levels of squeamishness, and the extent to which a person experienced 'helper's high.' People who were financially well-off were the most self-centred in the organ donation context. Overall the results imply substantial disparities between public policy and contemporary public opinion regarding transplant donation incentives. PMID:15201119

The Nonproliferation Alterntive Systems Assessment Program (NASAP) has characterized and assessed various reactor/fuel-cycle systems. Volume IX provides, in summary form, the technical descriptions of the reactor/fuel-cycle systems studied. This includes the status of the system technology, as well as a discussion of the safety, environmental, and licensing needs from a technical perspective. This information was then used in developing the research, development, and demonstration (RD and D) program, including its cost and time frame, to advance the existing technology to the level needed for commercial use. Wherever possible, the cost data are given as ranges to reflect the uncertainties in the estimates.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of implementing a program of controlled \\u000anon-heart beating organ donation, in patients undergoing the withdrawal of \\u000aintensive care treatment.Design and setting Prospective observational study. Medical and Surgical ICUs in a tertiary university hospital.Patients Consecutive patients younger than 70?years dying in the ICU after treatment \\u000awithdrawal for dire neurological prognosis.Measurements and results We analyzed prospectively collected data from the ICU clinical information

The EMAP Project Descriptions is an annual document that details research activities throughout the program over the past fiscal year. ncluding an overview of EMAP's research structure, the document focuses on the program's eight resource groups, cross-program coordination groups...

This study analyzed and compared the program designs of international exchange and internship programs for engineering students in the United States and the European Union (E.U.) as well as the extent to which these programs have removed barriers to study abroad. The purpose of this study was to provide recommendations for the design of international programs in the U.S. that

OBJECTIVE To identify reasons for lower organ donation rates by African Americans, we examined knowledge and attitudes about brain death, donation, and transplantation and trust in the health care system. METHODS Data were collected from 1,283 subjects in Ohio using a random digit dial telephone survey. Items were developed based on focus group results. Willingness-to-donate indicators included a signed donor card and willingness to donate one's own and a loved one's organs. RESULTS Compared with whites, African-Americans had lower rates of signing a donor card (39.1% vs 64.9%, P < .001), and willingness to donate their own organs (72.6% vs 88.3%, P < .001) or a loved one's organs (53.0% vs 66.2%, P < .001). African Americans had lower scores on the Trust in the Health Care System scale (mean scores±SD, 9.43±3.05 vs 9.93±2.88, P < .01) and were more likely to agree that “if doctors know I am an organ donor, they won't try to save my life” (38.6% vs 25.9%, P < .001), the rich or famous are more likely to get a transplant (81.9% vs 75.7%, P < .05), and less likely to agree that doctors can be trusted to pronounce death (68.2% vs 82.9, P < .001). African Americans were also more likely to agree that families should receive money for donating organs (45.6% vs 28.0%, P < .001) and funeral expenses (63.1% vs 46.6%, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS African Americans reported greater mistrust in the equity of the donation system and were more favorable about providing tangible benefits to donor families than white respondents. PMID:16918748

Background People with autism have abnormal preferences, ranging from an apparent lack of preference for social stimuli to unusually strong preferences for restricted sets of highly idiosyncratic stimuli. Yet the profile of preferences across social and nonsocial domains has not been mapped out in detail, and the processes responsible remain poorly understood. Methods To assess preferences across a range of stimuli, we measured real monetary donations to 50 charities spanning categories pertaining to people, mental health, animals, or the environment. We compared the donations made by 16 high-functioning adults with autism to those made by neurotypical controls matched on age, gender and education. We additionally collected ratings of how people evaluated the different charities. Results Compared with controls, high-functioning adults with autism donated less overall and also showed a significantly disproportionate reduction in donations to people charities compared with donations to the other charities. Furthermore, whereas controls discriminated strongly between different people charities, choosing to donate a lot of money to some and very little to others, much less discrimination was seen in the autism group. Ratings that probed how participants constructed their preferences did not differ between groups, except for a difference in the perceived impact of pictures and text information about people charities. Strikingly, there were some charities related to mental health, and autism in particular, to which the autism group donated considerably more than did the controls. Conclusions People with autism were found to have reduced preference and sensitivity towards charities benefiting other people. The findings provide evidence for a domain-specific impairment in social cognition in autism spectrum disorder, and in particular in linking otherwise intact social knowledge to the construction of value signals on which preferences regarding other people are based. PMID:22958506

NCI's Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program recently initiated a continuing evaluation of the fellows' demographics, fellows' accomplishments in the program, fellow and preceptor expectations and satisfaction, program strengths and weaknesses, current employment for former fellows, and ex-fellows' perceptions of program training. Evaluation shows that the program attracts quality applicants (including minorities and females) nationwide from many disciplines. The program successfully educates about cancer prevention and provides a positive preceptor experience with publication opportunities. Areas for improvement are data access, stipend, office space, job assistance, and networking. Recommendations for other programs include committed enthusiastic staff; adequate budget, space, and support; a formal learning experience in public health fundamentals, research methods, and cancer prevention; individual mentored research within a productive scientific program; aggressive recruitment; competitive admissions policy; defined objectives for fellows; and ongoing formal program evaluation. PMID:8186080

Transplantation ethics is a philosophy that incorporates systematizing, defending and advocating concepts of right and wrong conduct related to organ donation. As the demand for organs increases, it is essential to ensure that new and innovative laws, policies and strategies of increasing organ supply are bioethical and are founded on the principles of altruism and utilitarianism. In the field of organ transplantation, role of altruism and medical ethics values are significant to the welfare of the society. This article reviews several fundamental ethical principles, prevailing organ donation consent laws, incentives and policies related to the field of transplantation. The Ethical and Policy Considerations in Organ Donation after Circulatory Determination of Death outline criteria for death and organ retrieval. Presumed consent laws prevalent mostly in European countries maintain that the default choice of an individual would be to donate organs unless opted otherwise. Explicit consent laws require organ donation to be proactively affirmed with state registries. The Declaration of Istanbul outlines principles against organ trafficking and transplant tourism. World Health Organization’s Guiding Principles on Human Cell, Tissue and Organ Transplantation aim at ensuring transparency in organ procurement and allocation. The ethics of financial incentives and non-financial incentives such as incorporation of non-medical criteria in organ priority allocation have also been reviewed in detail.

Transplantation ethics is a philosophy that incorporates systematizing, defending and advocating concepts of right and wrong conduct related to organ donation. As the demand for organs increases, it is essential to ensure that new and innovative laws, policies and strategies of increasing organ supply are bioethical and are founded on the principles of altruism and utilitarianism. In the field of organ transplantation, role of altruism and medical ethics values are significant to the welfare of the society. This article reviews several fundamental ethical principles, prevailing organ donation consent laws, incentives and policies related to the field of transplantation. The Ethical and Policy Considerations in Organ Donation after Circulatory Determination of Death outline criteria for death and organ retrieval. Presumed consent laws prevalent mostly in European countries maintain that the default choice of an individual would be to donate organs unless opted otherwise. Explicit consent laws require organ donation to be proactively affirmed with state registries. The Declaration of Istanbul outlines principles against organ trafficking and transplant tourism. World Health Organization's Guiding Principles on Human Cell, Tissue and Organ Transplantation aim at ensuring transparency in organ procurement and allocation. The ethics of financial incentives and non-financial incentives such as incorporation of non-medical criteria in organ priority allocation have also been reviewed in detail. PMID:26131406

Abstract Background Solving the dilemma of the organ shortage in Malaysia requires educating Malaysians about organ donation and transplantation. This paper aims at exploring the average Malaysian households ’ preferred channels of campaigns and the preferred campaigners in a family setting, targeting at the dialysis family members. Methods We analyzed the responses of 350 respondents regarding organ donation campaigns. The respondents are 2 family members of 175 dialysis patients from 3 different institutions. The information on respondents’ willingness to donate and preferred method and channel of organ donation campaign were collected through questionnaire. Results Malaysian families have a good tendency to welcome campaigns in both the public and private (their homes) spheres. We also found that campaigns facilitated by the electronic media (Television and Radio) and executed by experienced doctors are expected to optimize the outcomes of organ donation, in general. Chi-square tests show that there are no significant differences in welcoming campaigns among ethnics. However, ethnics preferences over the campaign methods and campaigners are significantly different (P <0.05). Conclusion Ethnic differences imply that necessary modifications on the campaign channels and campaigners should also be taken under consideration. By identifying the preferred channel and campaigners, this study hopes to shed some light on the ways to overcome the problem of organ shortage in Malaysia. PMID:25909060

This study analyzed and compared the program designs of international exchange and internship programs for engineering students in the United States and the European Union (E.U.) as well as the extent to which these programs have removed barriers to study abroad. The purpose of this study was to provide recommendations for the design of international programs in the U.S. that would increase the proportion of engineering students who choose to study or intern abroad. Coordinators of international programs in engineering were surveyed about their perceptions of program success and a number of variables related to program design. A Chi-Square Test of Independence of (A) program success and (B) European and U.S. programs (i.e. institution location) cross-tabulated with all other variables and each other indicated those variables that contribute to the success of programs and those variables that are associated with either U.S. or European programs. In addition, all programs were described and the answers to open-ended survey questions were analyzed quantitatively. The analyses indicated that European programs tend to be more successful in implementing study/intern abroad programs for engineering students than U.S. programs. The elements of program design contributing to the greater success of European programs and the success of specific U.S. programs were described. In addition, the characteristics of overall successful programs (U.S. and E.U. data combined) were explained. The results indicated that successful programs tend to: (1) be promoted by the college and/or departments of engineering, (2) offer study/intern abroad opportunities in English-speaking settings, (3) award full credit at the home institution for required engineering courses completed at the host institution, (4) offer scholarships and financial aid for participation in the program, (5) require participating students to have completed their second year of university course work prior to applying to the program, and (6) eliminate the barrier "stringent curricular design, sequencing, and requirements reflecting accreditation standards." In addition, programs tend to be successful at institutions that require foreign language study for an undergraduate degree in engineering. Recommendations were provided for the design of U.S. programs that would increase engineering student participation in international experiences.

"Black Flag" Checklist No fume hood behavioral program water in restrooms No program to enable/re-enable "sleep" features AVR -washing energy and water Pervasive bottled water consumption No year-end donationprogram > 20 percent of student

Texas is one of 17 states with both 1862 and 1890 Extension programs. The purpose of this study was to examine the partnership amongst agents of Texas AgriLife Extension Service and the Cooperative Extension Program, in ...

The Hanford Waste Vitrification Plant Project has been established to convert the high-level radioactive waste associated with nuclear defense production at the Hanford Site into a waste form suitable for disposal in a deep geologic repository. The Hanford Waste Vitrification Plant will mix processed radioactive waste with borosilicate material, then heat the mixture to its melting point (vitrification) to forin a glass-like substance that traps the radionuclides in the glass matrix upon cooling. The Hanford Waste Vitrification Plant Quality Assurance Program has been established to support the mission of the Hanford Waste Vitrification Plant. This Quality Assurance ProgramDescription has been written to document the Hanford Waste Vitrification Plant Quality Assurance Program.

Twenty-two case histories of bilingual education programs funded under Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act are presented as a companion volume to the technical report of the same study. The case histories were developed from site visits and surveys of administrators, teachers, and parents involved in the program. The program…

In France, medically assisted procreation (MAP) activities and gamete donation are strictly regulated by the bioethics law. The main ethical principles applied to the donation--no remuneration, anonymity, and the requirement for free and informed consent--aim to protect donors. In the same spirit, since MAP with oocytes donation is recognized as a healthcare activity, receiving couples benefit from exemption from co-payments by the health insurance system. Thus, it is widely accessible to couples presenting medical infertility requiring oocytes from a donor, but availability is insufficient to cover needs. This shortage in supply results in moving the demand abroad where this particular MAP is exercised at varying levels of supervision. PMID:23141596

Organ donation and transplantation has been extensively addressed in the biomedical and bioethics literature in relation to debates around organ allocation and procurement strategies, and concerns about consent, coercion and commodification. This article addresses the topic sociologically, drawing on data from face-to-face in-depth interviews undertaken between 2008 and 2010 with organ and tissue recipients, anonymous altruistic donors and donor family members to discuss questions of reciprocity and intercorporeality that arise in the course of tissue exchange. In particular, the article examines the place of anonymity protocol for organ donors and transplantation recipients in New Zealand and their responses to conventions and scripts surrounding this rule. The article concludes by calling for discussion to re-examine anonymity protocol and rituals around organ donation and transplantation, citing lessons from gamete donation policies and recent law in New Zealand as productive for thinking through matters of personhood and identity relating to organ transfer. PMID:21708834

It has been observed an increasing discrepancy between the supply and demand of cadaveric organs for transplantation for a few years, particularly in renal transplantation. For this living organ donation will occupy an lasting place also in Germany. The new regulation organ donation and transplantation in Germany provides a legal protection and prohibits all forms of organ trading. First of all the transplant team have to take into consideration medical and psychological aspects of donor and recipient but a detailed enlightenment of the pair concerning risks, complications and long term outcome is important as well. In this paper is introduced the enlightenment procedure and the common declaration of donor and recipient of the transplant center Jena. The authors conclude, that living organ donation is not a problem after intensive preparation and enlightenment of donor and recipient with the new Transplant Law in the background. PMID:10444796

Tissue banking (or biobanking), thought by many to be an essential form of medical research, has raised a number of ethical issues that highlight a need to understand the beliefs and values of tissue donors, including the motivations underlying consent or refusal to donate. Data from our qualitative study of the legal, social, and ethical issues surrounding tumor banking in New South Wales, Australia, show that participants' attitudes to donation of tumor tissue for research are partially captured by theories of weak altruism and social exchange. However, we argue that the psychological rewards of value transformation described by Thompson's rubbish theory provide additional insights into participants' attitudes to tumor donation. We believe our data provides sufficient justification for an approach to regulation of tumor banking that is aimed at fostering a relationship based on the notions of virtuous reassignment and social exchange. PMID:20562251

Breast milk donation (wet-nursing) for full-term babies is a well-known practice in Kuwait, but it has never been organized formally in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for preterm babies. Donor milk banking as conducted in Western society is not considered to be ethical in Muslim society, where the milk donor and the recipient are required to know each other. Human milk is known to decrease the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis; improve host defenses, digestion, absorption of nutrients, gastrointestinal function, and neurodevelopment of the child; and contribute to maternal physical and psychological well-being. A culturally accepted approach to donor milk banking is proposed as a means of overcoming the ethical issues surrounding milk donation in Muslim society. This report addresses the first step in raising awareness of the valuable contribution of donor milk to preterm babies and the organization of human milk donation for use in an NICU. PMID:11155613

Organ and tissue dysfunction and failure cause high mortality rates around the world. Tissue and organs transplantation is an established, cost-effective, life-saving treatment for patients with organ failure. However, there is a large gap between the need for and the supply of donor organs. Acute and critical care nurses have a central role in the organ donation process, from identifying and assessing potential donors and supporting their families to involvement in logistics. Nurses with an in-depth knowledge of donation understand its clinical and technical aspects as well as the moral and legal considerations. Nurses have a major role to play in tackling organ and tissue shortages. Such a role cannot be adequately performed if nurses are not fully educated about donation and transplant. Such education could be incorporated into mandatory training and completed by all nurses. PMID:26153810

Objective Project ACTS “About Choices in Transplantation and Sharing” is a culturally sensitive intervention designed to address organ donation concerns among African American (AA) adults. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of two versions of the Project ACTS intervention and to determine whether reviewing materials in a group setting would be more effective at increasing participants’ interest in organ and tissue donation than allowing participants to review the materials at home with friends and family. Design A pre-post simple factorial experimental design was used to assess differences between intervention package (Project ACTS I vs. II) and mode of delivery (group vs. take home). Methods Participants completed a baseline and 1-year follow-up assessment of donation –related knowledge, attitudes, and interest. Main Outcome Measures A summed score that represents participants’ interest in being recognized as an organ donor on their driver’s license, via donor card, and by talking to family. Results From baseline to follow-up, participants increased in their knowledge, attitudes, and interest in being recognized as an organ donor regardless of intervention package (ps < .05). Regarding setting, participants who reviewed materials in a group setting demonstrated greater increase from baseline to follow-up in interest in organ donation (?=.22, pdonation (?=.22, pdonation. PMID:23530306

The most important strategy to ensure a safe and an adequate supply of blood and blood products is motivation, recruitment, selection and retention of voluntary non remunerated blood donors. With a view of the increased platelet necessity in our oncology setup, the first platelet donation drive in the city and to the best of our knowledge, in India was conducted by our hospital in November 2009. The aim was to identify target groups and expand our donor database. It was also essential that the donor's contribution is acknowledged and appropriately felicitated. A campaign called "Save a Life" was initiated and publicized locally. A core team consisting of Transfusion Medicine specialists, clinicians and an NGO (nongovernment organization) was formed. The best suitable date and venue were finalized for the platelet camp. The audience was addressed and willing donors were registered as volunteer platelet donors with our institute. In a span of 40 months, 15 platelet camps were organized in colleges, social organizations, and corporate offices. A total of 1035 donors were registered out of which, 382 (37%) donated platelets in our hospital. 125/382 (33.2%) donated Single Donor Platelets (SDP) more than once. The largest number of platelet donations by a single camp donor was 24 times. Due to multiple donations from donors, the SDP number was enhanced considerably and lead to addition of 699 SDP units to our inventory. The annual indoor and camp voluntary platelet donor numbers increased from 142 in 2006 to 631 in 2012 due to platelet drives. All platelet donations were altruistic as no incentives were offered to the donors. Ready availability of platelets and planning SDP inventory as per patient blood group requirements had a positive impact on clinical services. PMID:24793425

Research Hypothesis: A targeted informational awareness program about organ and tissue donation to senior citizens (age >65 years) in Montgomery County, Ohio will produce an increase in the number of registered organ donors in the Ohio Donor Registry, hence, allowing more available organs for transplant for aging patients (50 years of age or older) in need across the region. Subsequently,

Chile, a middle-income country, recently joined Israel and Singapore as the world's only countries to require reciprocity as a precondition for organ transplantation. The Chilean reform includes opt-out provisions designed to foster donation and priority for organ transplantation for registered people. Although the reform has had serious difficulties in achieving its mission, it can be reviewed by other countries that seek to address the serious shortage of organs. As increased organ donation can substantially enhance or save more lives, the effect on organ availability due to incentives arising from rules of preference should not be underestimated. PMID:25767299

Ms D, a healthy 36-year old-woman, wishes to donate a kidney to her mother, who has diabetes and end-stage renal disease. Ms D has been evaluated as a donor at another medical center and was told to lose weight and quit smoking. Evidence from cohort studies suggests that live kidney donation is a safe procedure in the short and long terms, although donor follow-up studies have often had incomplete data on limited populations. The benefits of live donation are mostly for the recipient, but kidney donors often have improved quality of life as a result of both their generous act and the improved health of the recipient. Evaluation and eligibility of live kidney donors and their short- and long-term risks are discussed. PMID:21245171

New York State Education Dept., Albany. State Archives and Records Administration.

The purpose of these guidelines is to provide archivists, librarians, local government officials, and staff of repositories responsible for preserving historical records in New York State with basic instructions on arrangement and description practices. The guidelines: provide information on describing archival and manuscript materials at a…

;Cost Sharing: The PAPPG has been revised to implement the National Science Board's recommendations regarding cost sharing. Inclusion of voluntary committed cost sharing is prohibited. In order to assess in the Facilities, Equipment and Other Resources section of the proposal. The description should be narrative

...s) for donated foods processing and handling expenses...commodity school for processing or other aspects of...storage of donated foods. The school food authority may have...on its behalf for processing and handling...

...s) for donated foods processing and handling expenses...commodity school for processing or other aspects of...storage of donated foods. The school food authority may have...on its behalf for processing and handling...

...s) for donated foods processing and handling expenses...commodity school for processing or other aspects of...storage of donated foods. The school food authority may have...on its behalf for processing and handling...

... non-government organizations working in organ donation and transplantation is maintained by the Health Resources and Services Administration. Interested in brain donation? Some people ask that their brains be ...

...When can I appeal decisions about access to donated historical materials...36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AVAILABILITY AND USE ACCESS TO RECORDS AND DONATED...

...2011-07-01 false How do I obtain access to donated historical materials...30 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AVAILABILITY AND USE ACCESS TO RECORDS AND DONATED...

...When can I appeal decisions about access to donated historical materials...36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AVAILABILITY AND USE ACCESS TO RECORDS AND DONATED...

...When can I appeal decisions about access to donated historical materials...36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AVAILABILITY AND USE ACCESS TO RECORDS AND DONATED...

...2012-07-01 false How do I obtain access to donated historical materials...30 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AVAILABILITY AND USE ACCESS TO RECORDS AND DONATED...

...When can I appeal decisions about access to donated historical materials...36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AVAILABILITY AND USE ACCESS TO RECORDS AND DONATED...

...2012-07-01 true How do I obtain access to donated historical materials...30 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AVAILABILITY AND USE ACCESS TO RECORDS AND DONATED...

...2014-07-01 false How do I obtain access to donated historical materials...30 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AVAILABILITY AND USE ACCESS TO RECORDS AND DONATED...

The optimal allocation of resources to the national space program over an extended time period requires the solution of a large combinatorial problem in which the program elements are interdependent. The computer model uses an accelerated search technique to solve this problem. The model contains a large number of options selectable by the user to provide flexible input and a broad range of output for use in sensitivity analyses of all entering elements. Examples of these options are budget smoothing under varied appropriation levels, entry of inflation and discount effects, and probabilistic output which provides quantified degrees of certainty that program costs will remain within planned budget. Criteria and related analytic procedures were established for identifying potential new space program directions. Used in combination with the optimal resource allocation model, new space applications can be analyzed in realistic perspective, including the advantage gain from existing space program plant and on-going programs such as the space transportation system.

Background and Objectives Emergency situations often elicit a generous response from the public. This occurred after attacks on the US on September 11, 2001 when many new blood donors lined up to donate. This study was performed to compare return rates for first time donors (FTD) after September 11th, 2001 to FTD during a comparable period in 2000. Materials and Methods 3315 allogeneic whole blood donations from FTD at a regional blood center were collected between September 11th and 30th, 2001. Subsequent donations by the FTD before March 31, 2002 were reviewed. This (test) group was compared to 1279 FTD(control group) donating during the same time period in September 2000 and to their return rate in the subsequent six months. Results Following September 11, 2001, 1087/3315 (32.8%) FTD returned by March 31, 2002. This return rate was similar to the control group (427/1279 (33.4%)). The deferral rate during the donor screening process for the control group was significantly higher than the deferral rate for the September 11–30, 2001 group (p < 0.01). The odds of an individual FTD returning increased with age, and the chance of a female donor returning was 1.13 times higher than a male (p = 0.06). There was a carryover effect after Sept. 11, 2001 too. Conclusion A national emergency, September 11, 2001, inspired people to donate blood for the first time. However, the proportion of return donations amongst them was not increased. Females and males in certain age groups were more likely to become repeat donors due to the residual effect of September 11, 2001. Additional efforts are needed to retain eligible FTD in donor pools. PMID:20002621

Objective To examine the impact of laparoscopic nephrectomy and recipient education on the proportion of kidney recipients who could identify a potential live donor, and on the live donor (LD) transplantation rate. Summary Background Data Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN) results in less postoperative surgical pain, a shorter hospital stay, and quicker recovery than the standard open donor nephrectomy (ODN). The authors hypothesized that the availability of this less invasive surgical technique would enhance the willingness of family and friends to donate. Methods The study population consisted of 3,298 end-stage renal disease patients referred for kidney transplant evaluation between November 1991 and February 2000, divided into three groups. The first group received no formal LD education and had only ODN available. The second group received formal education about the LD process and had only ODN available. The third group had both formal LD education and LDN available. Records were examined to determine what proportion of each group had any potential donors tissue-typed, and the rate at which they received an LD transplant. Results Before LDN availability and formal LD education, only 35.1% of referrals found a potential donor, and only 12.2% received an LD transplant within 3 years. Institution of a formal education program increased the volunteer rate to 39.0%, and 16.5% received an LD transplant. When LDN became available, 50% of patients were able to find at least one potential donor, and within 3 years 24.7% received an LD transplant. Regression analysis indicated that availability of LDN was independently associated with a 1.9 relative risk of receiving an LD transplant. Kaplan-Meier death-censored 1- and 3-year graft survival rates for ODN transplants were 95.8% and 90.6%, versus 97.5% and 94.8% for LDN. Conclusions The availability of LDN and an LD family education program has doubled the live donor transplantation rate, and outcomes remain excellent. PMID:10973389

This report describes a risk study of the Browns Ferry, Unit 1, nuclear plant. The study is one of four such studies sponsored by the NRC Office of Research, Division of Risk Assessment, as part of its Interim Reliability Evaluation Program (IREP), Phase II. This report is contained in four volumes: a main report and three appendixes. Appendix B provides a description of Browns Ferry, Unit 1, plant systems and the failure evaluation of those systems as they apply to accidents at Browns Ferry. Information is presented concerning front-line system fault analysis; support system fault analysis; human error models and probabilities; and generic control circuit analyses.

knowledge of pedagogy, teaching and curricula in a higher- education setting. 20% MARKETING programs, policy implementation and the appointment and hiring of about 1,200 instructors, teaching Davis and the region, evaluation and application of technology to streamline processes and create

BackgroundIn-depth understanding of cultural and religious factors limiting organ donation of three ethnic populations (Malay, Chinese, and Indian) in Southeast Asia is lacking. Identification of factors limiting organ donation among these three ethnic groups will provide insights into culturally appropriate strategies to promote acceptance of organ donation in a multiethnic Asian community.

This article describes the shift in cultural beliefs on body donation in South Korea. Due to the merging of western and eastern medicine practices in Korea an increase in the past century of body donations has occurred. The article suggests how celebrations of donated bodies has benefited medical education and public health.

...National Donate Life Month, we renew the call for organ and tissue donation. Most people can be donors, and the need...Americans of every background to learn the facts about organ and tissue donation, consider signing up for their State's...

The desperate need for organ donors in the United States could be filled if every person eligible became an organ donor. Unfortunately, few organ donation campaigns exist, and fewer still have been evaluated empirically. This study has two objectives: to describe a worksite organ donation campaign and test campaign effects, and to test the Model of Behavioral Willingness to Donate

Objective: Past organ donation research has studied attitudes toward donation, predictors of signing donor cards, and distinguishing characteristics of donors vs. nondonors. The current study is the first to examine predictors of family members's satisfaction with the decision to consent or refuse donation of a dying loved one's organs or tissue. Method: This study surveyed 225 family members who had

...donated supplies and loaned equipment or space. 3015.54 Section...ASSISTANCE REGULATIONS Cost-Sharing or Matching § 3015.54...donated supplies and loaned equipment or space. (a) If...third party donates the use of equipment or space in a building...

...donated supplies and loaned equipment or space. 3015.54 Section...ASSISTANCE REGULATIONS Cost-Sharing or Matching § 3015.54...donated supplies and loaned equipment or space. (a) If...third party donates the use of equipment or space in a building...

Body donation is important for medical education and academic research. However, it is relatively rare in Hong Kong when compared with many Western countries. Comprehensive research has been performed on the motivation for body donation in Western countries; however, there is still insufficient research on body donation in Hong Kong to provide…