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Unit 4 Careers18 4.1 EngineerBlogs and CVsTerms used in CVsPresent continuous for present and futuregoing to19 4.2 InventorProduct description of a line-throwerSpecificationComparatives20 4.3 InterviewJob interviewQuestioning about a CVTerms used in a CVTime adverbials + for/since

Match the words and phrases 1-8 with the definitions a-h.a) a series of radio waves that are sent in an emergency1 ~ flares2 _

emergencybeacon

3 _

inflate

c) to lift someone or something with a wire and a liftingmachine

4 _

satellite

d) the organisation that helps boats in danger

5 _

emergencysignal

e) a machine that is sent into space and orbits the earth

6 _

winch (v)

7 _

coastguard

8 _life raft

2

b) a small rubber boat used by people from a sinking ship

0

a device tha t sends a signal in an emergency

g) to fill something flexible with air so that it becomeslargerh) e mergency devices that produce a bright flame

Use the words and phrases 1-8 in 1 to complete this news story.

Emergency beacon aids rescue from sinking boat 23.12.09[1)

Three men were rescued from a sin king f ishing boat in t he Gulf of Mexico today. The32-foot-long boat was equipped with an (1)emergency beaconthat helpedrescuers locate the vessel in the ea rly-morn ing da rkn ess, a Mexican Coastguard•spokesperson said. The fishermen said t hey w ere asleep on the boat when a w ave hit ;"their vessel. They could not send a radio message or make a cell phone call.•

[2)

The (2)station in Veracruz w as notified that the groundfrom t he boat's EPIRBstation had received an (3)(emergency position indi cating radio beacon; this sends a sig nal that is picked up by a(4)and is transmitted to the groun d station).

[3)

A helicopter was despatched to the area. As it approached, one of the f ishermen setoff one of the red (5)which were kept on board, and thehelicopter crew saw it.

[4)

The f ishermen were about to (6)th eir(7)w hen th e helicopter reached them . The heli copter crewmanaged to (8)t he t hree men to safety, and then flewthem to the coastguard station, where t hey w ere given hot dri nks and dry clothes .

"·W Listen to this lecture about an FOR (flightdata recorder) . Underline the correct a1temativesin the specification chart.

II

Operating frequency

375 kilohertz / 3 7.5 kilohertz

Maximum operating depth

14,000 fee t / 40,000 feet

Frequency of transmission of signal

once every 30 seconds / once per second

Duration of signal

13 days / 30 days

Shelf-life of battery

6 months / 6 years

Method of transporting FDR if it has been in water

in a container of ice / water

Shape of beacon

cylindrical/ conical

I

Colour of FDR

orange / black

I

2

Complete the description of hO\ an FOR's locator beacon \ orks.of one of the words in each pair for each gap.activate/deactivate attach/detach manually/automaticallyrelease/fastensink/float winch up / lower

.

II

II

se the correct form

rece iveltransmit

The circular memory units with the flight data are tored in a large rigid cylinder thatis (1) fa stened onto the base of the f DR. The fDR is usually mounted in the tailsection of the plane. In an accident, it becomes (2)from i mounL Thereis a submergence sensor on the side of the FOR· beacon. \ nen water touches thethe beacon (4)The beacon cansensor, this (3)(5) .signals under water and above ground. Because or the ,.eigh of theFOR, it does not (6)on the surface of the water. but comes 0 res on theseabed. Nter a diver has located the FOR on the seabed. it· C) _____and transported to the computer lab for analysis.

<

~'

3

Join these pairs of sentences into single sentences.to replace the words in italics.

se who. U:hich. u ere. from u:here

Example: I .. . TWA Flight 800, which crashed ...12345678

A serious air disaster occurred with TWA Flight 800. It crashed into the .in 1996.The accident was caused by a build-up of fuel vapours in a fuel tank.. It exploded..Twelve minutes after take-off, the last radio transmission was recefi·ed at 80s OILHere the weather was fine.The explosion was seen by another pilot. He was flying in the area at the time.The other pilot landed at Boston airport. From here he contacted the air crashinvestigators.An air and sea rescue was conducted in the area. This lies off the coast ofNew York State.The FOR was recovered a week later by divers. They \ ere guided to it by anemergency beacon.The wreckage was transported to the shore. From here it \ as taken awayfor examination.

S\slemS

1

3 Operation1

Describe the procedure for evacuating an aircraft. Complete the instructions, using theverbs in the box. Then match the instructions to the pictures.ensure

fasten

inflate

place

pull

push

release

remove

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

slide

BEFORE CRASH-LANDING1

Place

234

Do not

your life vest over the head. ~the straps around the waist. _the life vest while still in the aircraft. _high heels and sharp objects. _

2 Complete this paragraph, using the compound nouns in the box.rescue centre ground station national centrerescue team radio signal satellite signals

emergency beacon

When the (1) emergency beacon switches itself on a signal is sent to one or moresatellites. A (2)is then transmitted back to Earth 0 then(3). The (4)are processed at the ground _and converted into useful data. This data is then passed on to a (5) _ _ _ _ _ _ __The information about the location is forwarded to the nearest (6) _______--,where a (7)is sent out to look for the crashed hip or plane..

3 Label the pictures with nouns from the Word list.2

3

5

6

antenna4

1 Future shapes1 Complete this crossword.12

I34

567

89

I1011

a mix-ture of two types of material234;)

the industry that designs and buildsplanes and space vehiclesa plastic composite (2 words)the main part or body of a planea plane or other vehicle that can fly

6 the material that is the topic of thisunit

78

the horizontal part of a bridgea written document on a particularsubject9 to buildlOa structure built over a river, road orrail track11 a skilled person who designs, buildsor maintains machines, engines,railways, etc.

ertical w ord: to make

2

Rew rite these sentences to give the same meaning, using the words in brackets.Example: I The government will definitely cancel the manned space explorationprogramme.1 It's certain that the government will cancel the manned space explorationprogramme. (definitely)2 They will probably provide more money for robotic exploration of the solar system.(likely)3 It's unlikely that scientists will develop new heavy-lift rockets in the near future.(probably)4 It's definite that they will extend the life of the International Space Station beyond2020. (certainly)5 It's likely that they will ask commercial firms to playa bigger part in future.(probably)6 It's possible that space travel to low-Earth orbit will become more affordable.(possibly)

2

.. -- -

.~

.1

2 Solid shapes1

Match the parts 1-7 used during the injection moulding process with thedescriptions a-g.1234567

2

-L pellets______

meltheaterrotationnozzlemouldcavity

a) an electric- or steam-heated device \J hich warms thecylinderb) turning with a circular motion around a central pointc) to change from a solid to a liquid stated) an empty spacee) a small hole through which soft plastic is pushedf) small pieces of dry plastic used in the procesg) a hollow container in two halves used to shape a material

Read the text below about the process of rotational moulding. Put the pictures inthe correct order. Complete the text, using the active or passive fonn of the \'erb inbrackets. One gap can be filled with the active or passive of the verb.

AO

.

F"

Removal

DO

C

Cooling

E[JJ

~o0Melting

MooIo

PlasticLoading

Rotational moulding is a high-temperature, low -pressure plastic forming process. 1(1)uses(use) heat and rotation (along two axes) to produce hollow.one-piece parts. The process is simple, but slow. It (2)(use) ormaking large, hollow objects like oil tanks.A quantity of plastic raw material, usually in powder form, (3) _ _ _ _ _ _ __(heat) in an m-en wtrue it(load) into the mould. The mould (4)(5)(rotate). The plastic raw material (6) _ _ _ _ _ __(melt) and (7)(coat) the inside surface of the mould_When the inside of the mould (8)(coat), it (9) _ _ _ _ _ __(coo!), usually by a fan. The cooling process takes between 10 and 20 minutes.depending on the size of the part and the thickness of the coating. As it(10)(cool), the moulded object (11)( hrink)and comes away from the sides of the mould. This makes it easier to take out theobject at the end of the cooling process.At the end, the object (12)cool enough to handle.

3 Listen again. How does the speaker describe the four stages of the process? Write thenames of the stages for each illustration. Label the parts a-d with the things that youticked in 2.2 _ _ _ __

3 _ _ _ __

4 _ _ _ __

.~

.;

4

]0

Listen to the talk again and complete the notes.

4 Word listVERBS (moulding)

NOUNS (moulding)

I

: VERBS

COMPOUND

~

NOUNS

close

closure

adjust

blow moulding

compress

compression

construct

injection moulding

eject

ejection

cool

metal-rolling

expand

expansion

design

pressure-die casting

extrude

extrusion

manufacture

NOUNS

heat

heater

melt

fi breg lass

inflate

inflation

propel

fuselage

inject

injection

shape

ADJECTIVES

mould

mould

soften

molten

rotate

rotation

protective

transfer

transfer

specifiedunspecifiedPHRASEunder pressure

1

Rewrite these sentences in the passive . Replace the active verbs in italics with thepassive form of technical verbs fro m the Word lisLExample: 1 The polymer pellets are transferred from the hopper to the cylinder.

.

Extrusion moulding1 We move the polymer pellets from the hopper to the qiinder.2 An electric motor turns the screw in the extrusion moulder.3 The cold polymer pellets move along the cylinder.4 Heaters warm the polymer pellets and tum them into a liquid5 The warm, soft molten polymer moves along the cylinder.6 The machine pushes the molten polymer out into a mould.

•

"

Blow moulding7 We shut the two halves of the mould with the molten polymer inside.8 Compressed air blows up the molten polymer in the mould and makes it bigger.9 The plastic bottle shape gets colder.10 The machine pushes out the plastic bottle from the open mould.

2

& ·9

Listen to and repeat the verbs and nouns in columns 1 and 2 of the ~ord lisLUnderline the main stress on the words of more than one syllab le .

Examples: closure, compress.

3 Label the pictures with nouns from 1.2

3

5

6

hopper4

11

Section 11 Complete this report of a plane crash. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple, andfill in each of the other gaps with one word .00 JuJy L.5th 2000. a Concorde airc raft (I)crashed(crash) near Paris. (2) _ _. . It:."----__ was travelling on a flight to. "ew York. Emergency crew (3) _ _ _ _ _ (race) to the area (4)the crash happened to deal with the fireand search for suni\·OfS.TIle Coocorde ( -)down in flames just before 16.45 local time. Four hours after the accident, two FlightDara Recorders were found at the ite of the crash. (6)were taken to a laboratory for examination. The official·dent repon. C )was published in 2004, blamed the accident on a piece of metal, (8) _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ (fall ) from another plane just before the Concorde (10)(take) off.TIle supersoni airliner (1 1)(hit) this piece of metal and one of (12)tyres (13) _ _ _ __. As a resuJt. piece of rubber (14)(fly) up and damaged a fuel tank. The fuel from the tank then1 - _ _ _ _ _ (ignite . causing the fue and consequent crash.

E ,e 97 minutes, the Hubble Space Telescope (1) completes an orbit of the Earth. As it travels, its mirrorlight and directs it into its scientific instruments. Because the Earth's atmosphere partly blocks and2-:o--;s ligh , scientists (3)these problems by placing their most advanced telescope 569 km above the:=a 's s rface, in a satellit e.~E ~ ,'est irument on the satellit e, W ide Field Camera 3, (4)the formation of individual stars and_ _ __ _ new, extremely distant stars.~-=,...., .~..,."...~ ~Of the telescope (6)from the ground station in the USA via a data relay satellite. These signals_ _ _ _ _ by an ennas on the Hubble and (8)into signals that point the telescope in the requiredaaiva-e e instruments. Data goes from Hubble via the data relay satellite to the ground station.

A

I ~~. "...

.~

.1

Section 21

Which of these processes do the sentences below describe? Write the process lettersA-O next to the sentences.

A

B

Injection moulding

Pressure-die casting

Metal-rolling

Blow moulding

123456789

_ The metal plate is first heated._ The object, e.g. plastic bottle, cools and is then ejected from the mould.~ The warm softened polymer is moved along the cylinder b a rotating sere\'\"._ The molten metal is forced into the cavity between the 1\<1><

rail replacement / preventative grinding

><>-<

?

2 kiD

Complete part of the interview in 1, using the word s in the box. Then listenagain and check your answers.been

should

have

hadn't

wouldn't

A: Another matter, now. Records show that your company identified the rail for repair21 months before the crash.B: Yes, we noted the problem.A: So the faulty rail was discovered 21 months before the crash. But nothingwas done?B Not exactly A: Why wasn't the job completed?B: There was a backlog of essential m aintenance work, which was waiting to bedone. Also, this job (I)carried out byanother contractor, who had agreed to do the " ork. But they didn t do it.A: Was anything done?B: Yes, they delivered a replacement rail and left it alongside the track adjacent to thefaulty rail.A: And how long was the replacement rail lying there?B: I believe it was there for six months.A: Six months! So if the company that was responsible for the maintenance(2)delayed for s o long, the accident (3) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __happened.B: That's right. The faulty rail caused the train crash. It {-o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ repaired, but it w asn t.