Abstract : This PhD is part of the Digiplant project, a multi-disciplinary effort between China and France on the topic of modelling, simulation and visualisation of plant growth. The goal of the PhD was to simulate the interactions between the GreenLab plant model and its environment in heterogenous landscapes. We especially wanted to model, simulate and visualise the interactions between plants and ressources and specifically water. The main achievements of the PhD were a simulation formalism and associated software architecture, a generic model of competition for resources, and a reformulation of the plant model which opens up many subsequent development opportunities.