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Canada’s Annual Militia Council Report Year Ending March 31st, 1913.

The Militia Council present, herewith, their report on the work of the Militia during the twelve months ended March 31, 1913.

The report on the training during the period under review, which was published a few months ago as an Interim Report, is appended hereto for purposes of reference. (Appendix F.)

MILITARY POLICY.

In regard to military policy, no changes have been introduced during the period under review.

DEFENCE.

The general scheme of defence remains unaltered; but details have been elaborated and the allotment of troops has been kept constantly revised.

MOBILIZATION.

Progress has been made, and arrangements continue to take shape. Mobilization Regulations and War Establishments have been published, and Mobilization Store Tables are in course of preparation.

At present, however, there is no such thing as an organized reserve, and at a time of emergency its absence would be felt. An effort will be made to improve the situation by a reconstitution of the Corps Reserve.

With a view to meeting mobilization requirements, no system of horse registration is in force; but questions connected with the provision of horses, both saddle and draught, have received attention, and the increasing importance of mechanical transport has not been overlooked.

In regard to the provision of equipment there is little progress to report. To some extent reliance can be placed on the military resources of the country; but there remain serious deficiencies in articles which, although essentially necessary, could not be obtained by local purchase in large quantities and at short notice.

INTER-DEPARTMENTAL COMMITTEE.

The Inter-departmental Committee (representing the Department of Militia and Defence and the Department of the Naval Service) continues to secure the co-operation and to co-ordinate the efforts of the two Departments of State most interested in questions of defence.

INTELLIGENCE.

The Corps of Guides is in all respects in a satisfactory’ condition; Divisional and District Intelligence Officers have done good work, and on a variety of subjects valuable information has been collected.

SURVEYS.

The general field work of the Survey Division was performed from April 23rd to November 28th, 1912, and from January 6th to March 24th, 1913.

In the Halifax district, one transit party of five ran 410 miles of primary traverse, the total period of employment being 17 5/7 weeks. In addition, 138 miles of secondary traverse were run by a party of three, employed for 5 3/7 weeks; and 190 miles of railway were traversed by a party of two, employed for 3 4/7 weeks.

Two level parties of two men each were employed in the Halifax district for a period equivalent to one party for 38 5/7 weeks. They ran 1026 miles of levels, much of which was in very enclosed country.

The topography, which was carried out during the summer partly in the vicinity of Kingston and partly in the Eastern Townships and along the St. Lawrence River, covered an area of 1269 square miles. The topography of five of the regular sheets was completed, and progress was made towards the completion of five others.

Nineteen men in all were employed upon topography, viz:- two Civil Servants, eight non-commissioned officers and men of the Royal Engineers, seven non-commissioned officers of the Royal Canadian Engineers and two temporary civilian employees. A Staff Officer, with headquarters at Lennoxville, was in charge. He was assisted by a civil member of the Staff, who supervised the work in the Kingston district. The field sheets as completed were checked on the ground by an independent examiner, with results which showed that the accuracy of the topography continues to improve.

During the winter a party of seven was employed upon topography in the Halifax district, principally in mapping lakes. This party, employed for 11 1/7 weeks, covered an area of 110 square miles, in which 175 lakes were located.

Considerable progress has been made towards installing a lithographing and printing plant, and it is expected that the work of reproduction will commence in July.

During the year, four sheets of the 1″ to 1 mile series and two of the V’ to 1 mile series were published. In all, 66 sheets of the 1″ to 1 mile series, covering an area of 20,143 square miles, have now been completely surveyed. Of these, 33 have been published; 22 are in the hands of the lithographers in England, and 11 are in course of preparation in the Survey Division. Four ½ ” to 1 mile sheets have also been published.

Seven special maps, for use at camps of instruction, were lithographed by the Survey Division, and 1225 copies issued, besides 227 copies of miscellaneous maps. Of the sheets of the regular 1″ series 500 were sold, and 1536 were issued either free or on service requisitions; while of the ½ ” series 96 were sold and 222 were issued free, making for the year a total distribution of 3806.

TRAINING.

A return showing the number of officers and men of the Active Militia trained during the year 1912 was published in the form of an Appendix to the Militia Council’s Interim Report, dated 15th January last. See Appendix “F.”

EDUCATION OF OFFICERS.

INSTRUCTION IN ENGLAND.

The following officers of the Permanent Force attended Instructional Courses in England.

24. Five officers attended the Royal Military College portion of the Long Course, which terminated in April, 1912. They all gained certificates, and three of them have since been granted commissions in the Permanent Force. There were ten officers attending the Long Course in progress at the end of the fiscal year.

MILITIA STAFF COURSE.

The practical portion of the Militia Staff Course was conducted at the Royal Military College, Kingston, in August, 1912, and was attended by 26 officers. All of them had previously passed in the theoretical portion, and they successfully completed the course.

Lectures in the theoretical portion were given at various centres during the winter of 1912-1.3. Forty-eight officers completed the course and attended the examination in March, 1913.

PREPARATORY AND REFRESHER COURSES.

Four officers who attended the Preparatory Course at the Royal Military College wrote on the Staff College Entrance Examination in May, 1913. Three were successful and are now attending the Staff College, viz.:—

Captain F. S. Morrison, Royal Canadian Dragoons.

Captain J. H. MacBrien, Royal Canadian Dragoons.

Captain A. H. Borden, Royal Canadian Regiment.

One officer, Captain E. K. Eaton, Royal Canadian Regiment, was attending the Preparatory Course at the end of the fiscal year, in anticipation of writing at the next Staff College Entrance Examination.

Four officers attended and completed the Refresher Course at the Royal Military College during the spring of 1913:—

Major L. W. Shannon, Permanent Staff.

Major E. F. Mackie,. D. S. O., Lord Strathcona’s Horse, (R. C).

Major L. LeDuc, Royal Canadian Regiment.

Major F. L. Vaux, Permanent Army Medical Corps.

ARTILLERY STAFF COURSE.

Only one officer, Lieutenant H. M. Reynolds, 1st Field Company, Canadian Engineers, attended the Artillery Staff Course, which he successfully completed in November, 1912.

Four officers of the Permanent Force and one officer of the Non-permanent Militia were attending the course which commenced in January and will terminate in October, 1913.

REFRESHER COURSE—FIELD OFFICERS.

A Refresher Course was held for Active Militia Officers of Cavalry, Field Artillery and Infantry in the spring of 1912: field officers, brigade-majors and adjutants being allowed to attend. Fifty-three officers attended for a period of six full days, and it is believed that they derived much benefit from the course.

The intention is to hold a similar course annually, so that senior officers charged with the instruction of units may have an opportunity of bringing themselves up-to-date before the camping season opens.

The examination of officers of the Permanent Force in the practical subjects required for promotion, was conducted under Divisional Commanders, as required.

The semi-annual written examinations were held in May and December, 34. Forty- seven candidates, officers of the Permanent Staff and of the Permanent Force, presented themselves for examination in one or more subjects or sub-heads.

The papers were set and marked by the War Office, like those of officers of the Regular Army.

Tactical Fitness:—

Four officers of the Permanent Force attended the practical portion of the examination in September, 1912, at Petawawa, and three were successful, viz.:—

Major J. Houliston, Royal Canadian Engineers.

Major A. C. Caldwell, Royal Canadian Engineers.

Major W. B. Anderson, Royal Canadian Engineers.

Promotion to rank of Colonel:—

One officer, Lieut.-colonel F. W. Hill, 44th Regiment, passed the examination held in September, 1912, at Petawawa, for promotion to the rank of colonel.

Literary Examination:—

Seven candidates presented themselves for the literary examination, held in May, 1912, for appointment to commissions in the Permanent Force, but only one was successful.

RoyalMilitaryCollege:—

Fifty-nine candidates presented themselves for examination for entrance to the Royal Military College, and forty-seven were successful.

STAFF TOURS, ETC.

Staff Tours, War Games, and Tactical Exercises, involving the use of troops, were carried out at various centres under arrangements made by Divisional and District Commanders, as follows:—

While the number of these instructional exercises was greater than in previous years, it is to be regretted that it was not found possible to arrange for carrying them out in all Divisional Areas and Military Districts. The hope expressed last year is repeated—that these exercises may become annual fixtures in every Division and District.

CANADIAN OFFICERS’ TRAINING CORPS.

The first contingent of the Canadian Officers’ Training Corps has been organized, and consists of two infantry’ companies at McGill University. This new unit is intended to serve as a means for providing the Militia with qualified officers. Regulations have been drafted; they are based on those which govern the Officers’ Training Corps in the United Kingdom, but they have not yet been finally approved.

PROVISIONAL SCHOOLS.

Forty-five provisional schools for the qualification of officers and non-commissioned officers of the Non-permanent Militia were held at various centres, as shown below:—

The number of provisional schools authorized in recent years has been:—

1907-08…….11.

1908-09……..17.

1909-10……..15.

1910-11……..23.

1911-12……..33.

1912-13……..45.

Instructional Cadre.

It is believed that the organization of an Instructional Cadre, in the Cavalry and Infantry, separate from regimental establishments, has proved beneficial to the Militia.

To the establishment of non-commissioned officers originally included in the Instructional Cadre, officers have since been added. 47. The non-commissioned officer instructors allotted to certain city corps and previously termed “paid sergeant majors,” have been absorbed into the Cadre; as also have been the warrant officers previously known as “station sergeant majors.”

The strength of the Instructional Cadre on 31st March, 1913, was:—

Cavalry…Officers…3….Other Ranks…23.

Infantry…………….6………………….62.

Total……………….9………………….85.

Certificates.

The return on the following page shows the number of certificates granted from schools of instruction:—

The standard of qualification at this school has been well maintained great credit is due to the staff; and those who have received instruction will prove of much assistance not only to the militia but also to the cadets.

The dormitory buildings built by the Department at Rockliffe were used for the first time this year, and proved satisfactory. Arrangements were made for the installation of a sterilizer, which ensured a supply of good drinking water.

During the year the Instructors were detailed to the Divisions for musketry duty as far as the small number available permitted, and it is believed that the results obtained have more than justified the small additional expense involved.

Signallers are increasing both in numbers and in efficiency. There are units in which the importance of signalling is still overlooked; but on the whole, and in spite of many difficulties to be overcome, there has been a marked improvement.

CLASSES OF INSTRUCTION.

The practice of issuing certificates at camps of instruction has been discontinued; but at the various regimental headquarters 43 evening classes were held and 325 officers, non-commissioned officers and men were granted certificates. The number of certificates was the largest ever issued, and the classes were more than double the number held in any previous year since the organization of the Canadian Signal Service. The following is the list of places where classes were held:—

In addition to the above, the following changes in organization were also authorized: —

The Royal Schools of Artillery were re-organized.

The Standino- Small Arms Committee was re-constituted and its functions defined.

The appointment of officer clerks in the Corps of Military Staff Clerks was approved.

An Intelligence Officer was added to the staff of the Halifax Fortress.

The appointment of “Commanding Divisional Engineer” was created, this appointment to be tenable for a period of four years.

A regimental list was also instituted on which all officers of the Canadian Engineers are borne, and from which they will be posted to units or attached for training.

The organization of a corps to be designated “The Canadian Officers’ Training Corps” of which contingents are to be formed at the various universities was approved.

Two companies designated “The McGill University Contingent” were organized.

A Corps Reserve was established in connection with the Canadian Signal Corps and the Canadian Army Service Corps.

The brigades of the different arms were organized and re-constituted from time to time as the interests of the service demanded.

The designation “Cavalry Brigade” was abolished and the term “Mounted Brigade” substituted therefor.

The appointment of Officer Commanding Halifax Fortress was abolished, the command being vested, in time of peace, in the Officer Commanding the 6th Division.

REGULATIONS.

The Establishments of the Canadian Militia, including Permanent Force, for the year 1912-13, were promulgated on the 1st April, 1912. The following Regulations were published during the year under review:—

Report on the Examination for admission to the Royal Military College, held in May, 1912.

Standing Orders for the Fortress of Halifax, N.S.

Pay and Allowances Regulations for the Canadian Militia, 1912.

Canadian Militia Mobilization Regulations (Provisional), 1912.

Instructions for Infantry Training, 5th Division.

Instructions pour I’entrainement de I’Infanterie, 5th Division.

Annual Report of the Militia Council, 1912.

How to Qualify, 1912.

Comment obtenir la Qualification, 1912.

Courses of Instruction. 1913-14. Notes on British and French Manoeuvres, 1912.

Cours d’Instruction, 1913-14.

Cadet System in Schools, 1913.

Extracts from Reports of the Royal School of Artillery on the Gun Practice of the Field and Heavy Artillery, Canadian Militia, 1912.

COMMISSIONS.

The number of Commissions in the Active Militia issued during the period under review was 925, including 27 in the Permanent Force.

Thirty-two warrants were issued to specially qualified non-commissioned officers of the Active Militia, including Permanent Force.

MEDALS.

The number and description of medals issued for the twelve months ending 31st March, 1913, were as follows:—

Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers’ Decoration…..52.

Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal….156.

Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, (Permanent Force)…24.

General Service Medal…….46.

COURTS MARTIAL.

The number of non-commissioned officers and men tried by courts-martial during the year ending 31st March, 1913, was 107.

CADET SERVICES.

On the 1st May, 1912, Organizers and Inspectors of Cadet Corps were appointed to each Division and District, except the 3rd Division, the appointment to this Division being filled on 1st March, 1913. Two officers were detailed to the 2nd Division ; and an English speaking officer to the 4th and 5th Divisions, jointly, in addition to a French speaking officer in each of these Divisions. In December, 1912, a Director of Cadet Services on the Headquarters’ Staff, Ottawa, was appointed.

As a result of the appointment of these officers the Cadet Services increased during the year by over 267 companies, or 11,050 cadets, and, in addition to these, 24 companies, comprising nearly 1,000 cadets, were disbanded, owing to their being inactive and dormant. This increase of 35%, or considerably over 1,000 cadets per month, since the appointment of the Organizers and Inspectors of Cadet Corps, indicates the result of their work.

On the 1st January, 1913, a number of cadet companies were shown, which had really ceased to exist, and it was found necessary by the Organizers and Inspectors of Cadet Corps, in the first place, to re-organize the existing ones before starting to form new ones.

The first cadet camps, under the auspices of the Militia Department, were held during July, 1912, and over 7,000 cadets were taken into camp. A considerable amount of useful knowledge was gained by the cadets, especially the older ones, at these camps, where they were taught rifle shooting, semaphore signalling, first aid to the injured, and the duties of camp life generally.

In August, 1912, by invitation of the Toronto Exhibition Authorities, cadets from all parts of the British Empire were invited to compete at the Exhibition for various prizes. England, Scotland and Ireland, and the other self-governing Dominions, each sent 14 picked cadets to represent them at Toronto. In Canada. the cadets had to be selected from the best cadet corps in each Division or District, so that the Canadian Cadet Service was not represented as a whole, but the 14 best boys were picked from one cadet corps in each Division or District. The Province of Saskatchewan sent 16 mounted cadets, with their horses, to the Exhibition, who performed a musical ride, and did all their parade work on their horses.

All the cadets at the Toronto Exhibition were inspected by His Royal Highness the Governor-General, on the 27th August, 1912.

Some changes have been made in the Cadet Services. Owing to the confusion caused by cadet officers taking the same ranks as officers of the Militia, the ranks of cadet colonels, majors, captains, lieutenants, etc., have been abolished and cadet regimental commanders, battalion commanders, company leaders, and half-company leaders have been substituted. The badges of rank have also been changed to 4 transverse bars of braid worn on the shoulder straps for a regimental commander; 3 for a battalion commander; 2 for a company leader; and 1 for a half company leader.

Increased support for the Cadet Services is being received from the Imperial Order of the Daughters of the Empire, and also from other Women’s Societies.

The Regulations have been re-written and will shortly be published.

A pamphlet entitled, ‘The Cadet System in Schools,” signed by the leading clergymen of all denominations in Canada, has been published and widely distributed throughout the country with considerable success.

A silver Challenge Cup, with silver miniature, to be competed for annually, was presented by His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor of Saskatchewan, for the best all-round Mounted Cadet in the Province of Saskatchewan. It was won in 1912 by Cadet Adjutant Andrew Patterson of the Grenfell Light Horse Mounted Cadet Regiment.

During the year 1912, 544 male school teachers attended the Cadet Instructors’ Military Courses, which include Physical Training, at the Royal Schools of Instruction throughout the Dominion; of whom 507 were successful in obtaining the Grade “A” Military Certificate.

…………………………………1912………Total qualified since 1909.

Nova Scotia…………………33…………………….3,864.

New Brunswick…………..38……………………1,858.

Prince Edward Island….29………………………523.

British Columbia………..88………………………560.

Ontario…………………….208………………………401.

Manitoba……………………23………………………413.

Saskatchewan…………….10………………………357.

Alberta……………………….23………………………139.

Quebec……………………….55…………………….”201.

Total, 1912………………..507…Since 1909…8,316.

A special course of Physical Training of two months’ duration was begun at Toronto on 5th March, last, to qualify Instructors for the Physical Training Cadre (non-permanent) in order to increase the number of qualified Instructors available for instructing at Normal School centres.

The same certificate was issued to these Instructors as to the Physical Training Cadre (permanent), and the work done was excellent. Physical Training Directors being sent in from all parts of the Dominion, in order to standardize the work with that of the Strathcona Trust.

Fallowing are statements showing the strength of the Cadet Services on December 31, 1911, and on March 1, 1913; the strength by Divisions and Districts, and, also, by Provinces, on March31.st, 1912, and March 31, 1913; also the numbers who attended summer camps during 1912:—

STRENGTH OF CADET CORPS.

The strength of Cadet Corps, December 31, 1911, was:—

Companies………492.

Cadets………..19,250.

Of these a large number were then dormant and had to be re-organized during the first six months of 1912.

Before the end of the school year, 30th June, 1912:—Four hundred and twenty-eight companies, comprising 17,500 cadets, were inspected separately and satisfactorily reported on.

The strength of the Cadet Service on 1st March, 1913, was: —

1913……Companies…759……Cadets……30,300.

1911…………………………492…………………….19,250.

Increase………………… 267……………………..11,050.

Increase since 31st December, 1911, 267 companies, comprising 11,050 cadets. During the same period 24 companies, comprising about 1,000 cadets, were disbanded owing to their becoming non-effective.

A number of batteries have been organized and equipped and sufficient guns remain in store or are under order to meet the requirements for next year: A number of machine guns are also in order.

SMALL ARMS AND AMMUNITION.

The output of rifles and bayonets by Ross Rifle Company has been satisfactory. A number of cadets rifles have been completed and will shortly be issued. A new pattern sight for Ross Rifle Mk. III., has been approved and will be issued shortly.

Canada’s 43rd Regiment at Aylmer, 8 June 1907, Ottawa, Ont..

ENGINEER SERVICES.

The Engineer Services are increasing rapidly, due to two causes:—(a) the number of new works and buildings under construction, and (b) the maintenance of these works and buildings. The Adoption of Standard Drill Hall designs has enabled the Department to construct a large number of drill halls during the year, and the number proposed for the present year is still larger. A number of the items provided for in the Estamates of the Department of Public Works were transferred to this Department for expenditure. The policy that municipalities, in which drill halls were to be constructed, should furnish free sites, has worked well.

The fallowing drill halls and other buildings for military purposes were completed during the year, viz:—

Conversion of Old Court House into Drill Hall, Sherbrooke, Que.

Gananoque, Ont., Drill Hall.

Kineardine, Ont., Drill Hall.

Kingston, Ont., New stables for Tete-de-Pont Barracks.

Markdale, Ont., Drill Hall.

Meaford, Ont., Drill Hall.

Norwood, Ont., Drill Hall.

Minnedosa, Man., Drill Hall.

Grenfell, Sask., Drill Hall.

Moosomin, Sask., Drill Hall.

Chilliwack, B.C., Drill Hall.

The following drill halls and other buildings for military purposes were commenced during the year, viz:—

Kingston, Ont., R.M.C., Model and Gun Shed.

Lindsay, Ont., Drill Hall.

Omemee, Ont., Drill Hall.

Orillia, Ont., Drill Hall.

Oshawa, Ont., Drill Hall.

Picton, Ont., Drill Hall.

Watford, Ont., Drill Hall.

Moose Jaw, Sask., Drill Hall.

Vernon, B.C., Drill Hall.

The following drill halls and military buildings were completed or under construction by the Department of Public Works, 1912-13:—

St. John, N.B., Drill Hall.

Levis, Que., Gun Shed and Armoury.

Kingston, R.M.C., New Dormitory.

Niagara Falls, Ont., Armoury.

Port Arthur, Ont., Armoury.

The following rifle ranges were constructed during the year:—

Pointe-aux Trembles, Que……..3…Target Range.

…”……”…….”………”……….5…….”……..”…. renewed.

Chatham, Ont………………….4…….”……..”….

Parry Sound, Ont………………6…….”…….”….

St. Catharines, Ont…………….6…….”……..”….

Grenfell, Sask…………………2…….”……..”….

Armstrong, B.C………………..6…….”……..”…. renewed.

The construction of the following rifle ranges was commenced during the year:—

Nictaux, N.S 3 Target Range.

Collingwood, Ont 4 “

Ottawa, Ont. (Connaught Rifle Range) 150 ” ” (300 targets).

Peterborough, Ont 9 “”

Toronto, Ont., (Long Branch) 40 “

The following rifle ranges were repaired during the year:—

Spooner Pond, Que.

Dundas, Ont.

Niagara, Ont.

LANDS ACQUIRED.

The following Municipalities donated sites for drill halls during the year 1912-13:—

Compared with 1911-12, there was a net increase of §1,532,226.54, in the expenditure, exclusive of pensions and Civil Government salaries and contingencies.

The preceding statement shows there was an increase in all Votes, with the exception of Customs Dues and Royal Military College, and the following explanations are given to account for the most important increases.

ANNUAL DRILL.

The details of expenditure and numbers trained at each camp etc., are shown in Appendix “A.”

The number trained, viz., 48,213 all ranks, with 9,781 horses, was the largest number trained in any year, and exceeded the previous year, 1911, by 4,168 officers and men, and 901 horses.

The cost of the training was considerably increased owing to 7,300 officers and men of the city corps (Infantry) training in camp for 5 days, in addition to their usual training at local headquarters, for which they received pay for 12 days.

Another new departure was the inauguration of camps for cadets and school boys; 7,013 attended for 6 days, at a cost of $74,112, including transport.

The above, together with the larger number of troops trained for 16 days, instead of 12 days, accounts for the increase of $550,189 in the expenditure.

The revised Pay and Allowance Regulations also came into force in 1012; a flat rate of 15 cents per diem for efficiency pa}’ being paid in place of the three rates formerly in force, the rates of regimental pay being correspondingly increased. With few exceptions the men qualified for efficiency pay, and privates training for the first time therefore received 90 cents a day; those attending two successive trainings $1.00 a day.

CADET CORPS.

The amount expended was $93,723.17, which was an increase of $57,776.49 over the expenditure for the previous year 1911-12. As pointed out in last year’s report, the vote for 1911-12 was not fully expended owing to money not being available when it was most needed.

The increased expenditure for the year ended 31st. March, 1913, is dueto the following:—

Appointment of a Director of Cadet Services at Headquarters, and Organizers and Inspectors of Cadet Corps in the Divisions and Districts. The latter were appointed from 1st. May 1912, and account for an expenditure of $23,332.67 for pay and travelling expenses. Details are as follows:—

Pay and travelling expenses Director of Cadet Services, and Organizers and Inspectors of Cadet Corps………$23,332.67.

Pay and travelling expenses of School Teachers, &c. qualifying….39,515.29.

In addition to the above, over 7000 cadets attended camp for 6 days in the summer of 1012 at a total cost of $74,112.00, but the whole of this expenditure was provided for out of the Annual Drill Vote; for 1913-14 provision has been made to pay this from Cadet Corps Vote.

Full particulars of the work carried out in connection with Cadet Corps, and qualification of School Teachers will be found elsewhere in this report, under “Cadet Services”.

Details of the expenditure by Divisions and Districts are given in Appendix “A.”

PAY AND ALLOWANCES, HEADQUARTERS, DIVISIONAL AND DISTRICT STAFFS.

The increase in the expenditure for the year ended 31st March, 1913, is accounted for as follows:—

The scale of allowances was revised on 1st January, 1912, which accounts for increase at Headquarters $4,500.

Increase in pay to District Officers Commanding in the West, to place them on same footing as Officers Commanding Divisions, and also grant of special living allowance to all officers in the West 8,000.

New appointments of General Staff Officers to each Division which only came into effect in August of 1912, and also other new appointments in the course of the year 11,000.

Appointments of 9 Divisional Intelligence Officers to each Division and District 3,285.

Transfer allowance of officers removed from one Division to another 2,198.

Total increase………………….$28,983.

PERMANENT FORCE.

The actual expenditure on account of the Permanent Force for pay, supplies and maintenance amounted to 82,212,002.97; but $22,860.25 of this amount was on account of expenditure in the previous year, which was brought forward to 1912-13.

The expenditure for the Force, therefore, stands as follows:—

Expenditure 1911-12 charged to 1912-13…$22,860.25.

…..”……… 1912-13……………………$2,189,142.72.

……….Total…………..$2,212,002.97.

….”…. transferred to 1913-14 to keep within the amount voted $2,200,000………………….$12,095.23.

charged against 1912-13…$2,199,970.74.

The cost of the Force for 1912-13 shows an actual increase of 219, 646.74 over the cost for the year 1911-12, which is accounted for as follows:—

Average daily strength of Force 1911-12……2,630.

…”………” …….”………..”.….1912-13……2,955.

This means that the average daily strength during the year ended 31st March, 1913, exceeded the average daily strength during the preceding year by 325 officers and men, and in addition owing to Leap Year, an extra day’s cost of the whole Force was incurred. The average increase in the Force consisted of 34 officers, 6 warrant officers and 285 men.

The actual strength of the Force was as follows:—

On 1st April, 1912, Officers……………..202.

……..”……….”…. Warrant Officers……..76.

…”………”…N. C. Officers and Men….2,840.

….Total………………………………….3,118.

On 31st March, 1913, Officers……………244.

…”………”…….”…Warrant Officers…….84.

…”………”…N. C. Officers and Men….2,572.

….Total…………………………………2,900.

(b) The extension of the Instructional Cadre, Signalling Staff and School of Musketry made early in 1912, and which largely increased the number of non-commissioned officer instructors, has added to the cost of the Force. (c) The Revised Pay and Allowance Regulations which came into force on 1st January, 1912, provided for increased rates of allowances to officers and men living out of barracks, to enable them to obtain quarters, etc. An addition of about 50% was made to the rates previously in force, but many complaints have been made that existing rates are quite inadequate to provide’ suitable quarters in the larger cities. A private receives $10.50 a month Lodging allowance and a non-commissioned officer $13.50, except in the West, where rates are $22.00 and $30.00, respectively, a month. There can be no question that the rates are not sufficient to pay the rent of even a small house, especially in the East.

(d) Proficiency pay, for Cavalry and Infantry was also introduced on 1st

January, 1912, to provide for a small increase of pay to men with over two years’ service who obtained special qualifications in Musketry and Signalling.

The rates are:—Class I. 10 cents a day.

…”………”…………II. 5…….”………

(e) To meet the high cost of living in the West a special Western Allowance was brought into force on 1st January, 1912.

Married non-commissioned officers and men receive from 22c. to 25c. a day.

Unmarried…”…. “……………”……………”……… from 10c. to 12c. a day.

(f) Repairs to Government Steamers, Halifax.

(g) Purchase of motor trucks.

The increased cost referred to above accounts for the following amounts:—

Increase in average daily strength…………………….$115,000.

Extra day Leap Year………………………………………5,980.

Increase of Non-commissioned Officer Instructors……..28,000.

Increase of Allowances for quarters, &c…………………38,000.

Proficiency Pay, Cavalry and Infantry…………………….8,800.

Special Western living allowance………………………..15,000.

Repairs to Government Steamers…………………………10.321.

Purchase of motor trucks…………………………………14,148.

Grand Total……………………………………………$235,249.

In some other items there was a decrease in expenditure accounting for the difference between the above amount of $235,249 and the actual increase of $219,646.

Detailed statements showing expenditure for Permanent Force by Corps and Stations, etc., are given in Appendix “A.”

DOMINION ARSENAL.

The vote for the Arsenal was the same as for the previous year, 1911-12, viz., $300,000. In neither year was this amount fully expended. For particulars of ammunition manufactured see report of the Superintendent, Appendix “E.”

MILITARYBUILDINGS AND WORKS.

The increase of $297,422.39 over the preceding year is due to larger undertakings in construction of drill halls, rifle ranges, etc. For full report of works undertaken see page 32.

ORDNANCE, ARMS, LANDS, ETC.

The expenditure of $1,566,709.04 comprises the following:—

Paid on Ordnance Contracts in England % 328,333.34.

Paid on Ordnance Contracts in Canada 221,002.70.

Inspection and sundry payments 18,019.30.

Rifles 401,414.70.

Bayonets and Scabbards 109,744.60.

Inspection of Rifles and Bayonets 29,765.36.

Small Arms Committee 1,059.53.

Reserve Clothing 100,000.00.

Lands—Connaught Rifle Range 134,221.55.

…” —Victoria Rifle Range 101,590.35.

…” —Rockliffe Rifle Range, Compensation 4,328.03.

…” —St. Catharines Rifle Range 13,275.44.

…” —Peterboro Rifle Range 19,851.70 .

…” —Chatham, Ont., Rifle Range 7,962.35.

…” —Armstrong, B.C., Rifle Range 5,208.88.

…” —Petawawa Camp Grounds 13,893,46.

…” —Simcoe Drill Hall 6,466.20.

…” —Sundry small purchases 20,039.96.

Barracks, Hobrecker property, Halifax 15,000.00.

Stores—Sundry purchases 14,931.59.

Grande Total:……………..$1,566,709.04.

WARLIKE STORES.

The increase under this head is due to cost of equipping the additions to the Militia authorized for the year, totalling 9,151 all ranks, and 3,528 horses.