Chapter 1&2 NOTES (SPCOM).docx

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School

University of Waterloo

Department

Speech Communication

Course

SPCOM 100

Professor

Shannon Hartling

Semester

Fall

Description

Chapter 1 (TERMS)
Environment: Both the physical setting in which communication occurs and the personal
perspectives of the people involved.
Example:
Channel: The medium through which message passes from sender to receiver
Example:
Transactional: A dynamic process created by the participants through their interaction with one
another.
Example:
Relational: Compliance gaining strategy that relies on the targets relationship with the person
making the request
Example: help me because you’re my friend
Dyad: Two communicators who interact with each other
Example:
Qualitative: Interpersonal communication that occurs when people treat on another as unique
individuals regardless of the context in which the interaction occurs or the number of people
involved
Quantitative: Any interaction between two people
Computer-mediated communication: Communication that occurs through computerized
channels
Example: email, msn, skype
Culture: The language, values, beliefs, traditions and customs people share and learn
Example:
In-groups: A group with which an individual identifies herself or himself
Example:
Out-groups: A group that an individual sees as different from herself
Example:
Intercultural communication: communication that occurs when members of two or more
cultures or other groups exchange messages in a manner that is influenced by their different
cultural perception and symbol systems
Example:
Co-culture: A group within an encompassing culture with a perceived identity.
Example:
Communication Competence: The ability to achieve one’s goals in a manner that is personally
acceptable and ideally acceptable to others
Example:
Ethnocentrism: an attitude that one’s own culture is superior to that of others Example:
Prejudice: An unfairly biased and intolerant attitude toward members of an out-group
Example:
Stereotyping: exaggerated beliefs associated with a categorized system
Example:
Cognitive complexity: The ability to construct a variety of frameworks for viewing an issue
Example:
Self-monitoring: The process of observing ones behavior and using these observation to
shape the way one behaves
Example:
Chapter 2 (TERMS)
Self-concept: the relatively stable set of perceptions you hold of yourself
Example: view other aspects of yourself- emotional state, talents, likes/dislikes, values, roles
Self-Esteem: part of self-concept that involves evaluations of self-worth depending on
assessment.
Example: Determining how well one feel about their own qualities (things we value)
Self-Control (Self-regulation): Ability to change your thoughts, emotions, mood, impulses or
performance of some task in order to achieve a personal goal or meet a social or cultural
expectation.
Example: Marshmallow experiment with the kids (delay gratification vs. temptation)
Reflected Appraisal: The theory that a person’s self-concept matches the way the person
believes others regard him or her.
Example: Grandparents who never criticized or questioned youthful foolishness vs. hockey
coach who criticized in front of a team.
Significant other: A person whose opinion is important enough to affect one’s self-concept
strongly.
Example: Parents, vest friends, family, teacher from long ago, etc
Social Comparison: An evaluation of oneself by way of comparison to others.
Example:
Reference groups: Groups against which we compare ourselves, which thereby influence our
self-concept and self-esteem.
Example:
Individualistic Culture: A culture in which people view their primary responsibility as being to
themselves
Example: Individual should take care of themselves and immediate family. (not extended family
before self)
Collectivistic Culture: A culture whose members feel loyalties and obligations to an in-group,
such as one’s extended family, community, or even the organization one works for. Example: Hindus giving their caste and village name and then their own name
Obsolete Information: Information that can skew a person’s self-concept; such information is
usually outdated and unhelpful to the person in question.
Example: your jokes use to be well