ALBANY, New York (AP) — New York state’s highest court refused to reinstate New York City’s ban on the sale of big sodas, ruling that the city’s health department overstepped its bounds when it approved a cap on sugary beverages.

The unprecedented ban was championed by former Mayor Michael Bloomberg and his successor Mayor Bill de Blasio, who vowed to fight a lower court’s decision to overturn it while campaigning last year.

The court largely ignored the merits of the ban on the sale of sugary drinks larger than 16 ounces (453 grams). In a 20-page ruling it determined the city’s Board of Health engaged in policy-making, and not simply health regulations, when it imposed the restrictions on restaurants, delis, movie theaters, stadiums and street cart vendors.

“The Board of Health engaged in law-making beyond its regulatory authority,” the opinion reads. “… It is clear that the Board of Health wrote the Portion Cap Rule without benefit of legislative guidance.”

The city had hoped Thursday’s ruling would overturn a lower court’s decision that blocked the restrictions after restaurants, theater owners, beverage companies and small stores sued.

Soda has been under fire for years, with health advocates saying the sugary beverages are unique in their harmfulness because people don’t realize how much high-fructose corn syrup they’re guzzling. The bad publicity has helped lead to a steady decline in U.S. soda sales for nearly a decade. But other sugary drinks such as sports drinks and energy drinks have been growing.

Bloomberg had called it a reasonable way to fight an obesity problem that takes a toll on many New Yorkers’ health and city hospitals’ budgets.

City Health Commission Mary T. Bassett said the city administration continues to look for ways “to limit the pernicious effects of aggressive and predatory marketing of sugary drinks and unhealthy foods.”

“Today’s ruling does not change the fact that sugary drink consumption is a key driver of the obesity epidemic, and we will continue to look for ways to stem the twin epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes,” Bassett said.

The case was decided 4-2, with the majority opinion written by Judge Eugene Piggott Jr. Piggott wrote that city health regulators appeared to carefully weigh the economic, social and health implications of the ban — a policy function that Piggott wrote was not the health board’s to exercise. The two dissenting judges wrote that they believe the Board of Health was within its rights to impose the ban, and that the judiciary shouldn’t “step into the middle of a debate over public health policy.”

The city hasn’t said whether it plans to try to appeal. But it’s unlikely that an appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court would be accepted because the case centers on local government authority and legislation, not federal issues.

To help curb soda consumption, lawmakers and health advocates around the U.S. have proposed soda taxes in recent years. None have succeeded, however, in part because of heavy campaigning and lobbying from the beverage industry. In California, a measure that would have slapped a warning label on sodas was recently defeated.

In the meantime, Coke and Pepsi have also been rolling out smaller cans and bottles, some as small as 7.5 ounces (212 grams). The idea is that people would be more willing to drink soda if they could control the portion sizes. The smaller sizes are also more profitable for companies.

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Associated Press writers Candice Choi and Jennifer Peltz in New York City contributed to this report.

Copyright 2014 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

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