Let $f$ be a holomorphic function of the unit
disc $\mathbb{D},$ preserving the origin. According to Schwarz's
Lemma, $|f'(0)|\leq1,$ provided that $f(\mathbb{D})\subset\mathbb{D}.$
We prove that this bound still holds, assuming only that $f(\mathbb{D})$
does not contain any closed rectilinear segment
$[0,e^{i\phi}],\;\phi\in[0,2\pi],$ i.e. does not contain any
entire radius of the closed unit disc. Furthermore, we apply
this result to the hyperbolic density and we give a covering
theorem.

We prove that if $f:\mathbb{R}^{N}\rightarrow \overline{\mathbb{R}}$ is
quasiconvex and $U\subset \mathbb{R}^{N}$ is open in the density topology, then
$\sup_{U}f=\operatorname{ess\,sup}_{U}f,$ while
$\inf_{U}f=\operatorname{ess\,inf}_{U}f$
if and only if the equality holds when $U=\mathbb{R}^{N}.$ The first (second)
property is typical of lsc (usc) functions and, even when $U$ is an ordinary
open subset, there seems to be no record that they both hold for all
quasiconvex functions.
This property ensures that the pointwise extrema of $f$ on any nonempty
density open subset can be arbitrarily closely approximated by values of $f$
achieved on ``large'' subsets, which may be of relevance in a variety of
issues. To support this claim, we use it to characterize the common points
of continuity, or approximate continuity, of two quasiconvex functions that
coincide away from a set of measure zero.

For any finite Galois extension $K$ of $\mathbb Q$
and any conjugacy class $C$ in $\operatorname {Gal}(K/\mathbb Q)$,
we show that there exist infinitely many Carmichael numbers
composed solely of primes for which the associated class of Frobenius
automorphisms is $C$. This result implies that for every natural
number $n$ there are infinitely many Carmichael numbers of the form
$a^2+nb^2$ with $a,b\in\mathbb Z $.

Several measures for the density of sets of integers have been proposed,
such as the asymptotic density, the Schnirelmann density, and the Dirichlet density. There has been some work in the literature on extending some of these concepts of density to higher dimensional sets of integers. In this work, we propose an extension of the Dirichlet density for sets of Gaussian integers and
investigate some of its properties.

Let $R$ be a dense subring of $\operatorname{End}(_DV)$, where $V$ is a left vector space over a division ring $D$. If $\dim{_DV}=\infty$, then the range of any nonzero polynomial $f(X_1,\dots,X_m)$ on $R$ is dense in $\operatorname{End}(_DV)$. As an application, let $R$ be a prime ring without nonzero nil one-sided ideals and $0\ne a\in R$. If $af(x_1,\dots,x_m)^{n(x_i)}=0$ for all $x_1,\dots,x_m\in R$, where $n(x_i)$ is a positive integer depending on $x_1,\dots,x_m$, then $f(X_1,\dots,X_m)$ is a polynomial identity of $R$ unless $R$ is a finite matrix ring over a finite field.