1.
Washington, D.C.
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Washington, D. C. formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D. C. is the capital of the United States. The signing of the Residence Act on July 16,1790, Constitution provided for a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Congress and the District is therefore not a part of any state. The states of Maryland and Virginia each donated land to form the federal district, named in honor of President George Washington, the City of Washington was founded in 1791 to serve as the new national capital. In 1846, Congress returned the land ceded by Virginia, in 1871. Washington had an population of 681,170 as of July 2016. Commuters from the surrounding Maryland and Virginia suburbs raise the population to more than one million during the workweek. The Washington metropolitan area, of which the District is a part, has a population of over 6 million, the centers of all three branches of the federal government of the United States are in the District, including the Congress, President, and Supreme Court. Washington is home to national monuments and museums, which are primarily situated on or around the National Mall. The city hosts 176 foreign embassies as well as the headquarters of international organizations, trade unions, non-profit organizations, lobbying groups. A locally elected mayor and a 13‑member council have governed the District since 1973, However, the Congress maintains supreme authority over the city and may overturn local laws. D. C. residents elect a non-voting, at-large congressional delegate to the House of Representatives, the District receives three electoral votes in presidential elections as permitted by the Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1961. Various tribes of the Algonquian-speaking Piscataway people inhabited the lands around the Potomac River when Europeans first visited the area in the early 17th century, One group known as the Nacotchtank maintained settlements around the Anacostia River within the present-day District of Columbia. Conflicts with European colonists and neighboring tribes forced the relocation of the Piscataway people, some of whom established a new settlement in 1699 near Point of Rocks, Maryland. 43, published January 23,1788, James Madison argued that the new government would need authority over a national capital to provide for its own maintenance. Five years earlier, a band of unpaid soldiers besieged Congress while its members were meeting in Philadelphia, known as the Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783, the event emphasized the need for the national government not to rely on any state for its own security. However, the Constitution does not specify a location for the capital, on July 9,1790, Congress passed the Residence Act, which approved the creation of a national capital on the Potomac River. The exact location was to be selected by President George Washington, formed from land donated by the states of Maryland and Virginia, the initial shape of the federal district was a square measuring 10 miles on each side, totaling 100 square miles. Two pre-existing settlements were included in the territory, the port of Georgetown, Maryland, founded in 1751, many of the stones are still standing

2.
National Geographic Bee
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The National Geographic Bee is an annual geography contest sponsored by the National Geographic Society. The bee, held every year since 1989, is open to students in the fourth through eighth grades in participating schools from the United States, the National Geographic Bee Finals was moderated by Jeopardy. Host Alex Trebek for its first 25 years, however, at the 2013 National Geographic Bee, Trebek announced that 2013 would be his last year hosting the Finals. Newscaster Soledad OBrien took his place the year, moderating the bee in 2014 and 2015. OBrien was then replaced by Mo Rocca in 2016, the National Geographic Society announced at the 2017 State Bees that Rocca will be the moderator of the 2017 National Finals. The reigning titleholder is Rishi Nair of Williams Magnet Middle School in Tampa, the competition begins at the elementary school level and usually commences in November, December, or January. This competition requires at least 6 people to enter, private, public, and homeschooled students are allowed to enter. Typically, between five and six students are entered each year. The two major stages in this competition are called the preliminary and the final stages, often, the preliminary competition is further split into preliminary rounds and a semi-final. In the event of a tie, a round is held at the end of the preliminary rounds. In the preliminary rounds, competitors are divided into groups of twenty, at the end of seven rounds, players with the top ten scores advance to the finals. In addition to the game, a player may ask for a repeat of a spelling during these rounds, however, they are restricted to only asking twice in duration of the entire geographic bee. Quite often there is a tie, in case a semi-final tiebreaker round is needed. The fifteen with seven points move into the round where the top four are determined to fill the remainder of the seats in the finals. This is done by asking every player the question at the same time. Each question is repeated twice. Everyone reveals their answer at the end of the twelve seconds, the other five who got the question wrong will continue with the single-elimination procedure to determine which competitor will take the last open seat in the finals. A player cannot ask judges to spell or repeat words in the semi-final round, the final competition consists of two parts, the final round and the championship round

3.
National Geographic Society
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The National Geographic Society, headquartered in Washington, D. C. United States, is one of the largest nonprofit scientific and educational institutions in the world and its interests include geography, archaeology and natural science, the promotion of environmental and historical conservation, and the study of world culture and history. In partnership with 21st Century Fox, the Society operates the magazine, TV channels, a website that features extra content and worldwide events, the National Geographic Society was founded in 1888 to increase and diffuse geographic knowledge. The Society believes in the power of science, exploration and storytelling to change the world, National Geographic is governed by a board of trustees, whose 21 members include distinguished educators, business executives, former government officials and conservationists. The organization sponsors and funds research and exploration. National Geographic maintains a museum for the public in its Washington and its Education Foundation gives grants to education organizations and individuals to improve geography education. Its Committee for Research and Exploration has awarded more than 11,000 grants for scientific research, National Geographic has retail stores in Washington, D. C. The locations outside of the United States are operated by Worldwide Retail Store S. L and it also publishes other magazines, books, school products, maps, and Web and film products in numerous languages and countries. National Geographics various media properties reach more than 280 million people monthly, the National Geographic Society began as a club for an elite group of academics and wealthy patrons interested in travel. After preparing a constitution and a plan of organization, the National Geographic Society was incorporated two weeks later on January 27, Gardiner Greene Hubbard became its first president and his son-in-law, Alexander Graham Bell, succeeded him in 1897. Bell and Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor devised the successful marketing notion of Society membership, the current National Geographic Society president and CEO is Gary E. Knell. The chairman of the board of trustees is John Fahey, the editor-in-chief of National Geographic magazine is Susan Goldberg. Gilbert Melville Grosvenor, a chairman of the Society board of trustees received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2005 for his leadership in geography education. In 2004, the National Geographic Society headquarters in Washington, D. C. was one of the first buildings to receive a Green certification from Global Green USA. The National Geographic received the prestigious Prince of Asturias Award for Communication and Humanities in October 2006 in Oviedo, in 2013 the society was investigated for possible violation of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act relating to their close association with an Egyptian government official responsible for antiquities. This new, for-profit corporation, will own National Geographic and other magazines, as reported by The Guardian, a spokesman for National Geographic in a November 2,2015 e-mail statement, briefly discussed the rationale for the staff reductions as part of the. Process of reorganizing in order to move forward following the closing the National Geographic Partners deal. Additional specifics were provided to Photo District News by M. J. Jacobsen, National Geographic’s SVP of communications, similar to the contents of a formal announcement by the two companies

4.
Jeopardy!
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Jeopardy. is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin. The show features a competition in which contestants are presented with general knowledge clues in the form of answers. The original daytime version debuted on NBC on March 30,1964, a weekly nighttime syndicated edition aired from September 1974 to September 1975, and a revival, The All-New Jeopardy. Ran on NBC from October 1978 to March 1979, the current version, a daily syndicated show produced by Sony Pictures Television, premiered on September 10,1984, and is still airing, making it by far the programs most successful incarnation. Both NBC versions and the syndicated version were hosted by Art Fleming. Don Pardo served as announcer until 1975, and John Harlan announced for the 1978–1979 show, since its inception, the daily syndicated version has featured Alex Trebek as host and Johnny Gilbert as announcer. With over 7,000 episodes aired, the syndicated version of Jeopardy. has won a record 33 Daytime Emmy Awards and is the only post-1960 game show to be honored with the Peabody Award. In 2013, the program was ranked No.45 on TV Guides list of the 60 greatest shows in American television history, Jeopardy. has also gained a worldwide following with regional adaptations in many other countries. The daily syndicated series 33rd season premiered on September 12,2016, three contestants each take their place behind a lectern, with the returning champion occupying the leftmost lectern. The contestants compete in a quiz game comprising three rounds, Jeopardy, the material for the questions covers a wide variety of topics, including history and current events, the sciences, the arts, popular culture, literature, and languages. Category titles often feature puns, wordplay, or shared themes, rounds each feature six categories, each of which contains five clues, which are ostensibly valued by difficulty. The dollar values of the clues increased over time, Series, clue values in the first round ranged from $10 to $50. They ranged from $25 to $125, the current series first round originally ranged from $100 to $500, and were doubled to $200 to $1,000 on November 26,2001. Specials, clues were valued in points rather than in dollars, round begins when the returning champion selects a clue, which may be from any position on the game board. The clue is revealed and read aloud by the host, after which any contestant may ring-in using a hand-held signaling device, the first contestant to ring-in successfully is prompted to provide a response to the clue, phrased in the form of a question. If the contestant responds correctly, the dollar value is added to the contestants score. An incorrect response, or a failure to respond within five seconds, deducts the clues value from the score and allows the other contestants the opportunity to ring-in. If no contestant responds correctly or does not know, the host gives the correct response, from the premiere of the original Jeopardy

5.
Alex Trebek
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George Alexander Alex Trebek is a Canadian-American television personality. He has been the host of the game show Jeopardy. Since 1984, and has hosted a number of other game shows, including The Wizard of Odds, Double Dare, High Rollers, Battlestars, Classic Concentration. Trebek has made appearances in television series, usually portraying himself. A native of Canada, he became a naturalized United States citizen in 1998, Trebek is signed as host of Jeopardy. Trebek was born in Sudbury, Ontario, Ontario, Canada, in 1940, the son of George Edward Trebek, a chef who had emigrated from Ukraine as a child, and Lucille Lagacé and he grew up in a bilingual French-English household. Trebek graduated from Lisgar Collegiate Institute in 1957 and later the University of Ottawa with a degree in philosophy in 1961, as a student at the University of Ottawa, he was a member of the English Debating Society. Interested in a career in broadcast news, and still in college, Trebek specialized in national news and covered a wide range of special events for the CBCs radio and television divisions, including curling and horse racing. Trebeks first hosting job was on a Canadian music program called Music Hop in 1963, in 1966 he hosted a high school quiz show called Reach for the Top. From 1967 to 1970 he was a host for the CBC, for 1 or 2 seasons he hosted a weekly skating program. In 1973 he moved to the United States and worked for NBC as host of a new game show, a year later Trebek hosted the popular Merrill Heatter-Bob Quigley game show, High Rollers, which had two incarnations on NBC, and an accompanying syndicated season. In between stints as host of High Rollers, Trebek hosted the short-lived CBS game show Double Dare, Trebeks Francophone side was put on display in 1978, in a special bilingual edition of Reach for the Top and its Radio-Canada equivalent, Génies en herbe. In this show Trebek alternated smoothly between French and English throughout, Trebek won the tournament, defeating Cullen in the finals. Trebek also appeared as a celebrity teammate on the NBC game show The Magnificent Marble Machine in 1975, both of those shows were produced by Merrill Heatter-Bob Quigley Productions, which also produced High Rollers, the show Trebek was hosting during both of those guest appearances. Trebek also was a contestant on Celebrity Bowling in 1973, teamed with Jim McKrell, after High Rollers was cancelled in 1980, Trebek moved on to Battlestars for NBC. The series debuted in October 1981, and was cancelled in April 1982 after only six months on the air. In September 1981 Trebek took the helm of the syndicated Pitfall, Pitfall was cancelled after its production company, Catalena Productions, went bankrupt. As a result, he was never paid for that series, the Heatter pilots were Malcolm, an NBC-ordered pilot featuring Trebek with an animated character as his co-host, and Lucky Numbers, an attempt at a revival of High Rollers that failed to sell

6.
West Nyack, New York
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West Nyack is a hamlet and census-designated place in the town of Clarkstown, Rockland County, New York, United States. It is located north of Blauvelt, east of Nanuet, southwest of Valley Cottage, southeast of Bardonia and it is approximately 18 miles north of New York City. The population was 3,439 at the 2010 census, in 1847, the hamlet was named Clarksville, renamed MontMoor, and since 1891 has been known as West Nyack. West Nyack is located at 41°5′28″N 73°58′8″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.9 square miles, all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 3,282 people,1,107 households, the population density was 1,125.9 per square mile. There were 1,132 housing units at a density of 388. 3/sq mi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 88. 03% White,1. 98% African American,0. 03% Native American,7. 59% Asian,0. 98% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 5. 58% of the population. 14. 2% of all households were made up of individuals and 6. 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.95 and the average family size was 3.27. In the CDP, the population was out with 23. 8% under the age of 18,5. 7% from 18 to 24,29. 2% from 25 to 44,27. 5% from 45 to 64. The median age was 40 years, for every 100 females there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.9 males, the median income for a household in the CDP was $98,931, and the median income for a family was $106,576. Males had an income of $67,326 versus $41,518 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $40,178, about 1. 0% of families and 2. 6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1. 3% of those under age 18 and 5. 2% of those age 65 or over. Strawtown Elementary School became a Blue Ribbon Award winner in 2007 and this is the second school in Rockland County to win this award. West Nyack Elementary School is located in West Nyack, Clarkstown High School South is located in West Nyack. Felix Festa Middle School is also located in Bardonia, Clarksville – West Nyack and Sickletown roads Clarksville Inn –1 Strawtown Road. Built by Thomas Warner in 1840 as a hotel, the blacksmith shop still remains and is used as a retail shop, the Inn now serves as a restaurant, open for dinner seven evenings. Colonial Clarkstown –135 Strawtown Road DeClark-Polhemus Mill – Intersection of Germonds and this, Burying ground for Colored people, was deeded on July 7,1849 by James Benson and Jane Benson his wife to William H. Moor, Stephen Samuels and Isaac Williams, trustees

7.
Nashua, New Hampshire
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Nashua is a city in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2010 census, Nashua had a population of 86,494. Built around the textile industry, in recent decades it has been swept up in southern New Hampshires economic expansion as part of the Boston region. Nashua was twice named Best Place to Live in America in annual surveys by Money magazine and it is the only city to get the No.1 ranking on two occasions—in 1987 and 1998. The area was part of a 200-square-mile tract of land in Massachusetts called Dunstable, Nashua lies approximately in the center of the original 1673 grant. The previously disputed boundary between Massachusetts and New Hampshire was fixed in 1741 when the governorships of the two provinces were separated, as a consequence, the township of Dunstable was divided in two. Tyngsborough and some of Dunstable remained in Massachusetts, while Dunstable, located at the confluence of the Nashua and Merrimack rivers, Dunstable was first settled about 1654 as a fur trading town. Like many 19th century riverfront New England communities, it would be developed during the Industrial Revolution with textile mills operated from water power, by 1836, the Nashua Manufacturing Company had built three cotton mills which produced 9.3 million yards of cloth annually on 710 looms. On December 31,1836, the New Hampshire half of Dunstable was renamed Nashua, after the Nashua River, by a declaration of the New Hampshire legislature. The Nashua River was named by the Nashuway Indians, and in the Penacook language it means beautiful stream with a pebbly bottom, with an alternative meaning of land between two rivers. In 1842 the town again in two for eleven years following a dispute between the area north of the Nashua, and the area south of the river. During that time the area called itself Nashville, while the southern part kept the name Nashua. They reconciled in 1853 and joined together to charter the city of Nashua and these various railroads led to all sections of the country, north, east, south, and west. The Jackson Manufacturing Company employed hundreds of workers in the 1870s, like the rival Amoskeag Manufacturing Company upriver in Manchester, the Nashua mills prospered until about World War I, after which a slow decline set in. Water power was replaced with newer forms of energy to run factories, cotton could be manufactured into fabric where it grew, saving transportation costs. The textile business started moving to the South during the Great Depression, but then Sanders Associates, a newly created defense firm that is now part of BAE Systems, moved into one of the closed mills and launched the citys rebirth. Besides being credited with reviving the flagging economy, Sanders Associates also played a key role in the development of the home video game console market. Ralph H. Baer, an employee of Sanders, developed what would become the Magnavox Odyssey, sam Tamposi is credited with much of the citys revival

8.
Marietta, Georgia
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Marietta is located in central Cobb County, Georgia, United States, and is the countys seat and largest city. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 56,579. The 2013 estimate is 59,089, making it one of the Atlanta metropolitan areas largest suburbs, Marietta is the fourth largest of the principal cities of the Atlanta metropolitan statistical area. The origin of the name is uncertain and it is believed that the city was named for Mary Cobb, the wife of U. S. Senator and Superior Court judge Thomas Willis Cobb, judge Cobb is the namesake of the county. Homes were built by settlers near the Cherokee town of Big Shanty prior to 1824. The first plat was laid out in 1833, like most towns, Marietta had a square in the center with a courthouse. The Georgia General Assembly legally recognized the community on December 19,1834, built in 1838, Oakton House is the oldest continuously occupied residence in Marietta. The original barn, milk house, smokehouse, and wellhouse remain on the property, the spectacular gardens contain the boxwood parterre from the 1870s. Oakton served as Major General Lorings headquarters during the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain in 1864, Marietta was initially selected as the hub for the new Western and Atlantic Railroad, and business boomed. By 1838, roadbed and trestles had been built north of the city, however, in 1840, political wrangling stopped construction for a time. In 1842, the new management decided to move the hub from Marietta to an area that would become Atlanta. Nonetheless, in 1850, when the railroad operation, Marietta shared in the resulting prosperity. Businessman and politician John Glover arrived in 1848, a popular figure, Glover was elected mayor when the city incorporated in 1852. Another early resident was Dr. Carey Cox, who promoted a water cure, the Cobb County Medical Society recognizes him as the countys first physician. The Georgia Military Institute was built in 1851, and the first bank opened in 1855, during the 1850s, fire destroyed much of the city on three separate occasions. By the time the Civil War began in 1861, Marietta had recovered from the fires, in April 1862, James Andrews, a civilian working with the Union Army, came to Marietta, along with a small party of Union soldiers dressed in civilian clothing. The group spent the night in the Fletcher House hotel located immediately in front of the Western and Atlantic Railroad