The cervical lymph nodes can be affected by a variety of infectious, inflammatory, benign, and malignant pathologic conditions. Clinical history and physical examination with the complementary use of imaging is essential to accurately make a diagnosis or appropriate differential. Knowledge of cervical lymph node anatomy, drainage pathways, morphologic variations, and ...

CT examinations represent a substantial portion of the workload for many radiology departments, and optimizing service delivery is a critical function to ensure customer satisfaction. This article describes how the Six Sigma methodology was used in the radiology department at a large academic hospital to improve the patient experience and ...

In current clinical practice, head and neck (H&N) hyperthermia treatment planning (HTP) is solely based on computed tomography (CT) images. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides superior soft-tissue contrast over CT. The purpose of the authors' study is to investigate the relevance of using MRI in addition to CT for patient ...

Our objectives were to assess the ability of phasecontrast MRI (PC-MRI) to detect sub-clinical age-related variations of left ventricular (LV) diastolic parameters and thus to provide age-related reference ranges currently available for echocardiography but not for MRI-PC, and to identify independent associates of such variations. We studied 100 healthy volunteers ...

We aimed to test the interscan variation of semi-automatic volumetry of subsolid nodules (SSNs), as growth evaluation is important for SSN management. From a lung cancer screening trial all SSNs that were stable over at least 3 months were included (N = 44). SSNs were quantified on the baseline CT by two observers ...

An abdominal aorta aneurysm (AAA) is a disease that aortic vessel inflates abnormally. The aorta blows up continuously, which may lead to the rupture of the aorta. The mortality of rupturing the aorta is between 75 and 90% to properly treat this disease, we need to accurate measure about variation ...

Sodium ((23)Na) MRI is a noninvasive tool to assess cell viability, which is linked to the total tissue sodium concentration (TSC). However, due to low in vivo concentrations, (23)Na MRI suffers from low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and limited spatial resolution. As a result, image quality is compromised by Gibbs ringing ...

With the advent of enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT), detailed visualisation of the choroid in vivo is now possible. Measurements of choroidal thickness (CT) have also enabled new directions in research to study normal and pathological processes within the choroid. The aim of the present study is to ...

PET quantification using the standard uptake value (SUV) is very prone to variations by technical factors of the scanner system and patient specific characteristics. Aim of the study was to investigate the reproducibility of SUV values between different measures and different reconstruction algorithms in a PET/CT scanner of the newest ...

Spinous process deviation is a common variation in lumbar spine, and some authors suggest that spinous process deviation may lead to imbalance between muscles on either side of the spinous process. We assume that spinous process deviation may be correlated to the disc degeneration in lumbosacral segment; however, no studies ...

Tasian Gregory E GE Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Surgery, Division of Urological Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, and - - 2014

We sought to determine the prevalence of initial computed tomography (CT) utilization and to identify regions in the United States where CT is highly used as the first imaging study for children with nephrolithiasis. We performed a cross-sectional study in 9228 commercially insured children aged 1 to 17 years with ...

We aimed to evaluate the frequency and features of dual left anterior descending artery (LAD) variants using computed tomography (CT) angiography. A total of 1337 consecutive coronary CT angiography examinations performed between April 2010 and December 2013 were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of dual LAD. CT examinations were performed ...

Objectives: To compare radiography and computed tomography (CT) for the evaluation of medullary cavity diameters of metacarpal and metatarsal bones in cats and to analyse their correlation with intramedullary pin size. Methods: Radiography and CT were performed in cadavers (n = 12). The mid-diaphysis was determined and the medullary cavity ...

The aim of this study was to research the frequency and distribution of plicae palmatae in women in different age groups. Data of 409 female patients' magnetic resonance images were evaluated. We found a frequency of plicae palmatae variations in the study population of 44.5%. It was statistically most frequent ...

To establish a novel method of quantifying meniscal deformation using loaded MRI. More specifically, the goals were to evaluate the (1) accuracy, (2) inter-rater reliability, (3) intra-rater reliability, and (4) scan-rescan reliability. The secondary purpose of this experiment was to evaluate group differences in meniscal deformation in participants with and ...

Nonocclusive mesenteric ischaemia (NOMI) is an acute mesenteric circulatory disorder that is not caused by an organic occlusion of blood vessels. It could involve all the abdominal parenchymas and viscera and the whole gastrointestinal tract (from the oesophagus to the rectum), insomuch that the involvement of the entire colon should ...

To describe factors associated with computed tomography (CT) use for children with minor blunt head trauma that are evaluated in emergency departments. Planned secondary analysis of a prospective observational study of children <18 years with minor blunt head trauma between 2004 and 2006 at 25 emergency departments. CT scans were obtained ...

Magnetic resonance (MR) neurography has been used to evaluate entire nerves and nerve bundles by providing better contrast between the nerves and the surrounding tissues. The purpose of the study was to validate diffusion-weighted MR (DW-MR) neurography in visualizing the lumbar plexus during preoperative planning of lateral transpsoas surgery. Ninety-four ...

The objective of this retrospective study was to determine the frequency of right adrenal vein identification by computed tomography (CT) during right inferior phrenic arteriography (CTRIPA) and to describe the spectrum of anatomic variations of the right adrenal vein. CTRIPA performed on 104 patients treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) ...

The scope of this work was to systematically evaluate the reproducibility of diffusion-weighted imaging and the impact of b values used for apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) calculation as well as the echo time (TE) on the resulting ADC in phantom studies. We attempted to find a minimum upper b value ...

Obesity, a major risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, is associated with variations in a number of structural properties in the adult brain, as assessed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, we investigated the cross-sectional relationship between visceral fat (VF), total body fat (TBF) and three MRI parameters in ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of ponticulus posticus (PP) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to describe the radiologic characteristics of the detected cases. The presence and types of PP were investigated on 730 CBCT images. PP was found in 17.4% (127) of the ...

The new multipinhole cardiac single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) cameras with cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) detectors are highly sensitive and produce images of high quality but rely on complex dedicated reconstruction algorithms. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of various processing steps on image formation and ...

Preoperative planning for patient-specific guides (PSGs) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) requires identification of anatomic landmarks on three-dimensional imaging studies. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and precision with which landmarks commonly used to determine rotational alignment in TKA can be identified on magnetic resonance imaging ...

Marin Jennifer R JR The Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; The Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, - - 2014

The objectives were to evaluate general emergency department (ED) variation in head computed tomography (CT) use for pediatric head trauma, hospital factors associated with CT use, and recent secular trends in CT utilization for pediatric head trauma. This was a cross-sectional study of a sample of general EDs in the ...

We aimed to evaluate pathological extraspinal findings and congenital anomalies/anatomical variations that were incidentally detected on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of intervertebral discs, to find the frequencies of these incidental findings, and to emphasise the clinical importance of them. A retrospective study including 1031 consecutive patients (730 females ...

Many MR scans need to be synchronised with external events such as the cardiac or respiratory cycles. For common physiological functions commercial trigger equipment exists, but for more experimental inputs these are not available. This paper describes the design of a multi-purpose open-source trigger platform for MR systems. The heart ...

The concept of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has, in a relatively short time, come to the forefront of orthopedic imaging. In just a few short years MRI findings that were in the past ascribed to degenerative change, normal variation, or other pathologies must now be described and included in radiology reports, ...

Idiopathic spontaneous intraperitoneal haemorrhage (ISIH), historically known as abdominal apoplexy, is spontaneous haemorrhage due to rupture of an intra-abdominal visceral vessel in the absence of trauma or underlying pathology. It is an exceptionally rare condition, with mostly scattered case reports available. The aim of this study was to describe this ...

(13)C-engineered carbon quantum dots ((13)C-QDs) were used as magnetic resonance (MR) and fluorescence dual-response probe. The enhanced (13)C-MR signal was observed at 171 ppm from carboxylic and carboxyl carbons in (13)C-QDs with 160-fold improvement on signal-to-noise ratio even when no hyperpolarization was applied, whereas the intrinsic fluorescence of C-QDs was ...

Cheon Miju M From the *Department of Nuclear Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center; and †Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South - - 2014

A 65-year-old male patient was referred for rapid functional decline over 1 month with dysphagia and dysarthria. Past history disclosed left side weakness for 5 years. F FP-CIT PET/CT was performed to evaluate the possibility of pseudobulbar palsy. Images showed a defect in the right posterior putamen that was consistent ...

In November 2010, the American College of Cardiology Foundation published revised appropriateness criteria (AC) for cardiac computed tomography (CT). We evaluated adherence to these criteria by providers of different subspecialties at a tertiary referral center. Reports of 383 consecutive patients who underwent clinically indicated cardiac CT from December 1, 2010, ...

Surgical access to repair a superior canal dehiscence (SCD) is influenced by the location of the bony defect and its relationship to surrounding tegmen topography as seen on computed tomography. There are currently no agreed-upon methods of characterizing these radiologic findings. We propose a formal radiologic classification system of SCD ...

The aim of this study was to compare genetic predilection and recurrence tendency between facial palsy in Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) and Bell's palsy METHODS: We carried out an investigation on patients with facial palsy in MRS and those with Bell's palsy who visited the outpatient department in our hospital between ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of climate therapy on self-management in people with psoriasis. This was a prospective study of 254 adults with chronic psoriasis who participated in a 3-week climate therapy (CT) programme. The 8-scale Health Education Impact Questionnaire (heiQ) was completed at baseline, ...

OBJECTIVES. To describe the thickness of mesorectal fat in local Chinese population and its impact on rectal cancer staging. DESIGN. Case series. SETTING. Two local regional hospitals in Hong Kong. PATIENTS. Consecutive patients referred for multidisciplinary board meetings from January to October 2012 were selected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES. Reports of ...

To correlate the metabolic activity of primary uveal melanoma on positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scan with known clinical and pathological prognostic factors. A retrospective cohort analysis of eyes enucleated for uveal melanoma that underwent preoperative imaging with a PET/CT scan was performed. Tumour dimensions were recorded and classified using Collaborative ...

Cross-sectional area <5 mm(2) (CSA<5) is a computed tomography (CT) metric that has been used for the evaluation of pulmonary vessel alterations and perfusion. CSA<5 is calculated from three axial slices; thus, whether CSA<5 represents the small pulmonary vessel alterations in the whole lung remains unclear. The purpose of this study ...

To test the use of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) to differentiate between different degrees of severity of acute pancreatitis (AP). Thirty-six patients who underwent DW-MRI and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography were divided into patients with mild AP (mAP, n = 15), patients with necrotizing AP (nAP, n = 8), and patients with a normal ...

Current glioblastoma (GB) small animal models for cranial radiation therapy (RT) use simple single beam technologies, which differ from the advanced conformal image-guided radiation techniques used in clinical practice. This technological disparity presents a major disadvantage for the development of new therapeutic approaches. Hence, we established a F98 GB rat ...

To describe the role of nuclear imaging modalities using nor-cholesterol, metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) and fluorine-deoxy-glucose (FDG) in adrenal tumors for lesion characterization in comparison with magnetic resonance (MR). Population was classified in group 1 consisting of 30 patients with non-hypersecreting unilateral adrenal masses, in group 2 consisting of 34 patients with ...

During retroperitoneoscopic renal surgery (RPRS), the open technique (OT) for trocar insertion is always associated with CO2 leakage around the first trocar, while the closed technique (CT) involves advancing an optical trocar into the retroperitoneal space (RS) under direct vision. We are the first to compare OT with CT. Forty-one ...