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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The renal adenomas can be confused by imaging diagnosis with malignant renal tumors, but there are also real biological dilemmas to determine their behavior.

The consensus decisions are the following. (1) The adenoma of clear cells is not accepted, instead it is considered that all the clear-cell tumors are carcinomas, with greater or lesser aggressiveness. (2) Among the papillary neoplasms the WHO 2004 renal cell tumors classification are considered as papillary adenomas tumors with a maximum diameter of 5 mm and may represent a continuum biological process to papillary renal cell carcinoma.

The papillary adenomas associated with End-kidney and/or acquired cystic disease may have a different pathogenesis. (3) To consider a tumor as an oncocytoma the size is not important, only the cytological features, microscopic, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemically can help, but some chromosomal observations introduce some questions about its relation with the chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. (4) Finally, the metanephric adenoma, a tumor with some morphological similarity with the nephroblastoma must be considered in the renal adenomas diagnosis.

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[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS217054; NLM/ PMC2917245

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The results of several studies suggest that CK19 may be useful in the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma, where it has been shown to have strong diffuse cytoplasmic reactivity.

The aim of this study was to evaluate, by Western blot analysis and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the expression of CK19 in the cytosolic fraction obtained from 125 specimens of various thyroid lesions: nodular goiters, follicular adenomas, papillary carcinomas, follicular carcinomas and anaplastic carcinomas.

The analysis of CK19 expression using the ELISA showed that the majority of papillary carcinoma cases had a much higher level of CK19 than did nodular goiters and adenomas (P<0.001).

Western blot analysis revealed the presence of CK19 in 66% of papillary carcinoma cases.

CK19 expression was also found in 11, 22, 25 and 25% of nodular goiters, follicular adenomas, and follicular and anaplastic carcinomas, respectively.

The results demonstrate that the evaluation of CK19 expression may be helpful in distinguishing papillary carcinoma from other benign and malignant thyroid nodules, but cannot by itself be used to establish a diagnosis.

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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have shown an inverse correlation between the expression of CDX2 (also known as CDX3) and tumour grade, stage and lymph node dissemination in colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas.

Furthermore, only very few data are available on CDX2 expression in normal pituitary gland tissue and/or pituitary adenomas.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

In benign or low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors, complete removal of the lesion is sufficient for a cure, and thus minimal resection techniques with preservation of the pancreatic functional reserve have advantages over more extended pancreatic resections.

Moreover, branch-type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas tend to locate in the head of the pancreas, and show less malignant potential.

We describe an endoscopic naso-pancreatic stent-guided single-branch resection of the pancreas for branch-type multiple intraductal papillary mucinous adenomas, along with a gastric wall-covering method for the prevention of pancreatic leakage.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is a well-established entity in pancreatic neoplasms and a precursor of infiltrating adenocarcinoma.

Fascin expression was significantly higher in borderline neoplasms (25/29, 86%) and carcinomas (37/42, 88%) than in adenomas (23/45, 51%) (P<0.05, respectively), but no difference was observed between borderline neoplasms and carcinomas.

[Title] [Papillaryadenoma of type-II pneumocytes as a rare differential diagnosis of a solitary pulmonary nodule].

The case of a 66-year-old, asymptomatic patient with a papillaryadenoma of type-II pneumocytes is reported.

Papillaryadenoma of type-II pneumocytes is a rare tumor, whose origin is suspected in progenitor cells of the bronchioloalveolar epithelium with the potential to differentiate towards type-II pneumocytes and clara cells.

The tumor is regarded as benign, however, a malignant potential is not excluded by some authors.

Furthermore, papillary adenomas were more commonly found in kidneys removed for PRCC (25%, 18/71) than in kidneys harboring clear-cell RCC (1.9%, 6/318).

Histomorphologically, papillary adenomas were characterized by varying proportions of papillae and tubules formed by cuboidal cells with scant basophilic cytoplasm similar to those in type 1 PRCC.

Adenomas associated with PRCC tend to be multiple in number (61% [11/18] of cases had >2 adenomas; mean, 5).

In contrast, 100% of papillary adenomas arising in other conditions had less than 2 adenomas.

Most of the adenomas (82%, 31/38) stained strongly for AMACR in a fashion similar to that of PRCC.

In this study of surgical specimens, the high coincidence, multifocality, and histologic and immunohistochemical similarities between papillaryadenoma and PRCC suggest that the 2 are strongly associated and may represent a continuum of 1 biologic process.

In contrast, adenomas associated with APKD exhibit distinct morphological and immunohistochemical features and, therefore, may have an entirely different pathogenesis.

CONCLUSION: Expression of the 3 molecules involved in the Sonic Hedgehog pathway was similar in follicular thyroid adenoma, but Sonic Hedgehog expression was a more sensitive indicator of malignancy in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

The Sonic Hedgehog molecule may become a diagnostic marker when the cytologic or histologic features are not characteristic of a papillary carcinoma.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Histopathological observation classified the cancer-affected animals into three groups namely, malignant solid mammary carcinoma, malignant papillary adenocarcinoma and benignpapillaryadenoma in which the frequency of A allele was relatively more predominant in benign tumor group, which is more than 80%.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Prognostic significance of the MUC1 and MUC4 expressions in thyroid papillary carcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to examine the expressions of mucin genes MUC1 and MUC4 and to evaluate the difference of their expressions in normal thyroid tissue, follicular adenoma, and papillary carcinoma.

Furthermore, we aimed to estimate their prognostic significance in papillary carcinoma.

METHODS: We performed semiquantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction for determining the MUC1 and MUC4 mRNA expressions, and immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the MUC1 and MUC4 protein expressions in 22 normal thyroid tissues, 22 follicular adenomas, and 15 papillary carcinomas.

The semiquantitative scoring of the immunohistochemical staining was compared with the prognostic factors for thyroid carcinoma to evaluate the prognostic significance in 87 papillary carcinoma patients.

RESULTS: The MUC1 mRNA of the papillary carcinoma tissue showed an increased expression level compared with the other tissues.

MUC1 immunoreactivity was more intense in papillary carcinoma but not in the other tissues.

CONCLUSIONS: Up-regulation of MUC1 may play a more important role than that of MUC4 in the development of thyroid papillary carcinoma, and it may have some significance as a prognostic factor.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Pulmonary papillaryadenoma.

We present a rare case of solitary pulmonary papillaryadenoma.

The previous physician had considered it to be an old benign inflammatory granuloma and had kept it under observation.

On postoperative pathology examination, the nodule was found to be a circumscribed nodule consisting of a papillary growth of cuboidal to low-columnar epithelial cells lining the surface of a fibrovascular stroma.

The histological features were consistent with pulmonary papillaryadenoma.

Only 20 cases of pulmonary papillaryadenoma have been reported in the literature.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Loss of heterozygosity of DNA repair gene, hOGG1, in renal cell carcinoma but not in renal papillaryadenoma.

Even though some studies found similar genetic alterations between renal papillary adenomas (PA) and papillary RCC (PRCC), no studies have been conducted to compare the alterations of hOGG1 gene in PA, PRCC and CC-RCC.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Craniopharyngiomas and pituitary adenomas are both tumors of the hypothalamic and pituitary region, respectively that are frequently associated with endocrine defects either because of direct involvement of hormone producing cells (most pituitary tumors) or because of secondary defects due to disturbance of hypothalamic function (some pituitary tumors and craniopharyngiomas).

Some studies suggest that mutant beta-catenin gene cells in craniopharyngiomas and pituitary adenomas contribute to their tumorigenesis.

None of the 22 pituitary adenomas and the eight papillary craniopharyngiomas analyzed presented any sequence alterations.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Molecular analysis of PIK3CA, BRAF, and RAS oncogenes in periampullary and ampullary adenomas and carcinomas.

BACKGROUND: Mutations of KRAS are known to occur in periampullary and ampullary adenomas and carcinomas.

While oncogenic BRAF contributes to the tumorigenesis of both pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms/carcinomas (IPMN/IPMC), PIK3CA mutations were only detected in IPMN/IPMC.

This study aimed to elucidate possible roles of BRAF and PIK3CA in the development of ampullary and periampullary adenomas and carcinomas.

METHODS: Mutations of BRAF, NRAS, HRAS, KRAS, and PIK3CA were evaluated in seven adenomas, seven adenomas with carcinoma in situ, and 21 adenocarcinomas of the periampullary duodenal region and the ampulla of Vater.

METHODS AND RESULTS: DNA extracted from paraffin blocks of six metanephric adenomas was hybridized onto Agilent oligoarrays with approximately 43,000 in situ synthesized 60-mer oligonucleotide probes that span coding and non-coding sequences with an average spatial resolution of approximately 35 kb.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Papillary adenomas of the common bile duct are a rare entity with few published case reports and limited knowledge on its natural progression.

We report here a case of common bile duct papillaryadenoma in a 69-year-old female who presented with symptoms of common bile duct obstruction.

She was treated with local endoscopic excision of the mass that has benign features.

A brief review of literature is discussed with a proposed treatment plan for follow-up with surveillance endoscopy and ultrasonography as opposed to the radical resection for benign findings on pathology.

[MeSH-major]Adenoma / surgery. Common Bile Duct Neoplasms / surgery

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[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1326163

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] The many faces and mimics of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

This article provides an overview of the 15 histologic variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma listed by the 2004 World Health Organization (WHO) monograph on endocrine tumors.

The follicular variants (conventional and macrofollicular) constitute a morphologic challenge because the majority of these tumors are encapsulated and, also, because, in many tumors, not all neoplastic cells show the nuclear features considered to be diagnostic of papillary carcinoma.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] A mutation and expression analysis of the oncogene BRAF in pituitary adenomas.

OBJECTIVE: BRAF is an oncogene that is commonly mutated in both melanomas and papillary thyroid carcinomas, usually at position V600E that leads to constitutive activity in the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.

We speculated that this same gene may be either mutated at this site, or overexpressed, in pituitary adenomas.

DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS: We sequenced 37 pituitary adenomas for a mutation at the V600E position.

In addition, we investigated B-Raf mRNA expression in normal pituitary (n = 5) and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) (n = 6) by semiquantitative PCR, and in a further 27 pituitary adenomas of various types and 10 normal pituitaries using real-time quantitative PCR.

B-Raf mRNA was overexpressed in pituitary adenomas compared to normal pituitary, and this was entirely due to overexpression in NFPAs.

CONCLUSIONS: Mutations previously seen in the majority of melanomas and a substantial minority of papillary thyroid carcinomas are not a frequent finding in pituitary adenomas.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The aim of the study was to analyze the expression of CD44 adhesion molecule and its ligand osteopontin in papillary renal cell tumors, and to assess the possible prognostic significance of CD44 and osteopontin expression in papillary renal cell carcinomas.

The expression of the standard and v6 exon containing isoforms of CD44 molecule, as well as of its ligand osteopontin, was immunohistochemically evaluated in 43 papillary renal cell tumors, which included 5 adenomas and 38 carcinomas.

In order to assess their prognostic significance, the results obtained in papillary renal cell carcinomas were compared to usual clinicopathological parameters such as tumor size, histological grade, pathological stage, and Ki-67 proliferation index.

Papillary renal cell adenomas were generally negative for CD44s, except for focal positivity found in one sample.

The osteopontin protein was detected in all adenomas and all papillary renal cell carcinomas, except one.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

These analyses showed that several antibodies were useful in distinguishing follicular adenomas from follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinomas including HBME-1, CITED1, galectin-3, cytokeratin 19, and S100A4 (p < 0.0001).

A combination of markers consisting of a panel of HBME-1, galectin-3, and CK19 or a panel of HBME-1, CITED1, and galectin-3 was usually most effective in distinguishing follicular adenoma from follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

These results indicate that some individual antibodies or a panel of antibodies combined with histopathological analysis can be useful in separating follicular adenoma (FA) from follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC).

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Distinct expression patterns of claudin-1 and claudin-4 in intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors of the pancreas.

The expression of claudin-4 was investigated in human pancreas, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, and intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors of the pancreas (IPMT), and compared with that of claudin-1.

In 44 lesions of 22 cases of IPMT, including six hyperplastic foci distant from the main lesions, clauidin-1 was positive in three out of six (50%) hyperplastic foci, 14 out of 17 (82%) adenomas, three out of 10 (30%) borderline tumors, two out of six (33%) non-invasive carcinomas, and one out of five (20%) invasive carcinomas, producing a statistically negative correlation with histological tumor grades.

In contrast, claudin-4 was negative in the six hyperplastic foci, and positive in four out of the 17 (24%) adenomas, five out of the 10 (50%) borderline tumors, five out of the six (83%) non-invasive carcinomas, and four out of the five (80%) invasive carcinomas, producing a statistically positive correlation with histological tumor grades.

[Title] High frequency of loss of heterozygosity in imprinted, compared with nonimprinted, genomic regions in follicular thyroid carcinomas and atypical adenomas.

RESULTS: Overall LOH frequencies for the IR markers were 26% for the adenomas and 38% for the carcinomas.

In the NIR, the overall LOH frequency was 23 and 26% for adenomas and FTCs, respectively.

The difference in LOH frequencies between IR and NIR was statistically significant only for the carcinomas (P = 0.001), although there was a similar trend for the atypical adenomas (ATY, P = 0.06).

The fact that the ATY trended toward differential IR/NIR LOH, similar to FTC, may suggest that loss of IR might be instrumental in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in thyroid carcinogenesis and that ATY could be an important intermediate in this pathway.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Diagnostic utility of CD56 immunohistochemistry in papillary carcinoma of the thyroid.

Diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), in many but not all cases, is an easily achievable diagnosis with almost minimal interobservable variability between pathologists.

A total of 185 cases were studied with tissues from 75 carcinomas (72 papillary, 2 follicular, 1 Hürthle cell) and 35 adenomas (32 follicular and 3 Hürthle cell) evaluated by immunohistochemistry for the expression of this marker.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

BACKGROUND: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is an increasingly recognized cystic neoplasm of the pancreas, histologically classified by the degree of epithelial atypia and by the presence or absence of invasion of the cyst wall.

Gastrointestinal contamination did not appear to create diagnostic difficulty due to an apparent dual (dysplastic-nondysplastic) epithelial population, but only 4 adenomas were evaluated in this study.

Necrosis distinguished IPMN with carcinoma from IPMN-adenomas and IPMN with moderate dysplasia (P < .00001), and was more often observed with invasion than IPMN-carcinoma in situ (P < .05).

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Expression and intracellular localization of matrix metalloproteinases in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas.

To analyze the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their relationships with the histological grades of the intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas, we examined the frequency of expression and intracellular localization of MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, MMP7, and MMP9 in IPMN by immunohistochemistry.

A total of 45 IPMN lesions (14 adenomas, 17 borderline lesions, nine noninvasive carcinomas, and five invasive lesions) from 21 patients were examined.

Prothymosin alpha and parathymosin mRNA levels were found significantly elevated in well-differentiated carcinomas in relation to adenomas (p<0.05) and goitres (p<0.05), an event possibly linked to the proliferation activity of thyroid follicular cells.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] The role of cytokeratin 19 in the differential diagnosis of true papillary carcinoma of thyroid and papillary carcinoma-like changes in Graves' disease.

All types of thyroid cancers may co-exist with Graves' disease but papillary carcinoma is the most frequent.

Vesicular nuclei, nuclear grooves, and papillary formations that may be seen in Graves' disease may lead the pathologist to an overdiagnosis of papillary carcinoma.

The differential diagnosis between a true papillary carcinoma and foci mimicking papillary carcinoma in Graves' disease may be challenging by light microscopic features only.

This study is designed to determine whether CK19 is effective in the discrimination between the true papillary carcinoma of thyroid and foci resembling papillary carcinoma in Graves' disease.

Twenty-five cases with papillary carcinoma and 25 cases with Graves' disease containing foci resembling papillary carcinoma were included in the study.

All 25 cases with papillary carcinoma stained positive with CK19, whereas only six of 25 cases with Graves' disease showed weak staining, and the remaining 19 cases were completely negative.

It is known that CK19 may show faint staining in benign thyroid lesions such as adenomas.

Staining pattern with CK19 together with histopathological findings may be helpful in the differential diagnosis between foci mimicking papillary carcinoma and true papillary carcinoma in Graves' disease.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Loss of Rap1GAP in papillary thyroid cancer.

We previously reported Rap1GAP was highly expressed in normal human thyroid cells and decreased in five papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs).

OBJECTIVES: To confirm the significance of these findings, we analyzed Rap1GAP expression in a larger set of benign tumors (adenomas and hyperplastic nodules) and PTCs.

RESULTS: We observed that down-regulation of Rap1GAP in benign lesions and PTCs was common.

Approximately 20% of PTCs and adenomas exhibited allelic loss of Rap1GAP.

The more frequent and greater down-regulation of Rap1GAP in PTCs compared with adenomas suggests a role for Rap1GAP depletion in the progression of human thyroid tumors, possibly through unrestrained Rap activity.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Papillary renal cell tumors (RCT) make up a cytomorphologically and biologically heterogeneous group of kidney cancers including renal cell adenomas (RCA) and renal cell carcinomas (RCC).

To find genetic markers landmarking the tumor progression, we have evaluated the genetic alterations obtained by karyotyping, chromosomal and array-CGH and compared with the cytological characteristics and biological behavior of 60 papillary RCTs.

Based on the genetic and clinical data, we have separated 3 groups of tumors and proposed 3 genetically defined developmental stages of papillary RCTs.

Therefore, we suggest that our genetic classification system landmarking papillary RCA, papillary RCC without and with progression offer a better system to characterize the tumor biology of clinical significance than a cellular/morphological classification.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

CONTEXT: The clinicopathological characteristics and the molecular features of the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) remain controversial.

OBJECTIVE/DESIGN/PATIENTS: In an attempt to clarify such controversies and to find whether or not FVPTC cases share the molecular features of follicular tumors, we searched for the presence of PAX8-PPARgamma rearrangements, RAS mutations, and RAP-1, RAF-1, and BRAF mutations in a series of 40 FVPTCs as well as in 27 follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs) and 12 follicular thyroid adenomas (FTAs).

Fluorescence in situ hybridization and RT-PCR were used to detect the PAX8-PPARgamma rearrangement and PCR, single strand confirmational polymorphism, and sequencing for searching the mutations.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Different genotype distribution of the GNB3 C825T polymorphism of the G protein beta3 subunit in adenomas and differentiated thyroid carcinomas of follicular cell origin.

To elucidate a possible role in the development and course of thyroid tumours of follicular cell origin, C825T polymorphism genotypes and allele frequencies were investigated in a series of adenomas and differentiated carcinomas.

Both the genotype distribution (p = 0.029) and the allele frequency (p = 0.028) of the adenoma group were statistically significantly different from those of the control group.

Thyroid adenomas also differed for both parameters significantly from FTCs (p = 0.042 and 0.033, respectively) and PTCs (0.0018 and 0.0081, respectively), whereas no statistical difference was noted between the FTC and PTC groups.

RESULTS: nm23 was positive in 40% of the follicular adenoma, 67.2% of the papillary carcinoma and 66.7% of the follicular carcinoma. p value was more than 0.05 in the assessment of the relationship between nm23 and all of the above-mentioned parameters in differentiated thyroid carcinomas. nm23 expression did not significantly differentiate between follicular adenoma and carcinoma.

Also, nm23 cannot be considered as a useful marker for the evaluation of invasion in differentiated thyroid carcinomas or in distinctions between follicular adenoma and carcinoma.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

In this study, we examined WWOX expression in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas (IPMN) to assess the function of WWOX in pancreatic duct tumourigenesis using immunohistochemistry and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction analysis.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Synchronous and metachronous extrapancreatic malignant neoplasms in patients with intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Patients with intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas are likely to have a better prognosis than those with conventional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

RESULTS: The 61 patients with IPMN in this study comprised 25 with intraductal papillary-mucinous adenomas (IPMA) and 36 with intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinomas (IPMC) including 6 with invasive carcinomas.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

BACKGROUND.: An activating point mutation of the BRAF oncogene results in a V600E amino acid missense mutation found in a majority of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC).

METHODS.: In this study, 28 matched tumor and serum samples obtained from patients with both benign and malignant thyroid disorders were analyzed for BRAF mutation using a gap-ligase chain reaction technique.

RESULTS.: The BRAF mutation was absent in tumor DNA samples obtained from patients with benignadenomas, follicular neoplasms or carcinoma, and thyroid lymphoma.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Differentiated thyroid cancers (papillary--PTC and follicular--FTC) are the most common endocrine malignancies.

A chromosomal translocation between the transcription factor PAX8 and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorgamma (PPARgamma) occurs in 30-50% of patients; however, the presence of PAX8-PPARgamma is also demonstrated in follicular adenomas.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

In the study presented here, we investigated Cx26 expression in human papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) and its relationship with various clinicopathological parameters.

Of 69 PTCs, 33 were positive for Cx26 (47.8%), as were five of 11 FTCs (45.5%), all follicular thyroid adenomas (n=22) and normal thyroid tissues (n=20) were negative for Cx26.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the expressions of wildtype-RET (WT-RET) and RET/PTC in sporadic adult papillary thyroid carcinoma and to investigate their clinicopathologic correlation.

METHODS: Sixty-six papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) and thirty-six control cases with frozen and paraffin-embedded tissues were analyzed for the expressions of WT-RET and oncogene RET/PTC1 or RET/PTC3 by nested RT-PCR. RESULTS:.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Additionally, activating mutations of another subtype of G protein (GNAS1) are frequently found in hyperfunctioning thyroid adenomas, making it plausible that GNAq-activating mutations could also be found in some of these nodules.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Predictive factors of malignant or invasive intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas.

The aim of this study was to identify useful preoperative diagnostic findings indicative of malignant or invasive intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) of the pancreas to determine an optimal operative procedure for IPMN.

Sixty-two IPMNs, which consisted of 29 adenomas, 10 borderline tumors, 11 adenocarcinomas in situ, and invasive adenocarcinomas were reviewed from 1990 to 2003.

There was no recurrent disease in patients with adenoma and adenocarcinoma in situ, whereas recurrences occurred in 6 of 12 patients with invasive IPMN.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Mucin expression profile is related to biological and clinical characteristics of intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors of the pancreas.

OBJECTIVES: Biologic and clinical characteristics of intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors of the pancreas (IPMTs) were studied in reference to immunohistochemical mucin (MUC1, MUC2, and MUC5AC) expression.

Morphologic changes in imaging tests during the observation periods were most remarkable in the M1 group.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that MUC1 is related to malignant character but MUC5AC alone is related to benign character in IPMTs and that malignant potential of IPMTs expressing MUC2 depends on the degree of MUC2 expression.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Histologic variants of papillary and follicular carcinomas associated with anaplastic spindle and giant cell carcinomas of the thyroid: an analysis of rhabdoid and thyroglobulin inclusions.

We describe the histologic variants of papillary and follicular carcinomas associated with 109 spindle and giant cell carcinomas (SGCC) of the thyroid and determine the incidence of rhabdoid and thyroglobulin inclusions in these tumors.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

SLC5A8 expression, unlike that of SLC5A5 and SLC26A4, was not regulated by TSH in normal human thyrocytes in culture and was not related to the functional state of thyroid tissue; toxic adenomas and adjacent resting tissues exhibited the same SLC5A8 transcript content.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The results show that CD2AP displays a specific expression pattern in human urogenital organs and that distinct expression is shown in several types of kidney tumours but not in type-I papillary RCCs or in papillary adenomas.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

We have investigated the expression of cyclins D1 and E and of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor's p21 and p27 in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and correlated this with clinical/histological stage at diagnosis and with clinical outcome.

These studies suggest that evaluation of a panel of these markers and attention to their subcellular localization may be a useful adjunct in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid neoplasms and in predicting tumor behavior.

CONCLUSIONS: Maspin was expressed at high levels in IPMNs at various stages from adenoma to invasive carcinoma, and our results suggest that maspin may be involved in the occurrence and progression of IPMN.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Expression of Twist in papillary thyroid carcinomas and its roles in differential diagnosis].

OBJECTIVE: To study Twist expression in thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTC) by immunohistochemistry and to assess its usefulness as marker in the differential diagnosis of PTC, follicular adenomas (FA) and benignpapillary lesions (BPL).

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to determine useful CT criteria for differentiating serous oligocystic adenomas of the pancreas from other similarly presenting neoplasms, such as mucinous cystadenoma and intraductal papillary mucinous tumor of the branch duct type.

Serous oligocystic adenoma had a multicystic or lobulated contour with or without septation, whereas mucinous cystadenoma had a smooth contour with or without septation and intraductal papillary mucinous tumor had either a pleomorphic or a clubbed fingerlike cystic shape.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] A subset of the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma harbors the PAX8-PPARgamma translocation.

The occurrence of the PAX8-PPARgamma fusion gene is thought to be restricted to follicular tumors (adenomas and carcinomas) of the thyroid (FTA and FTC).

Using interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), together with recombinant tissue-type polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry, we detected the PAX8-PPARgamma translocation in 4 of 8 cases of the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) exclusively or almost exclusively (>95%) composed of follicles.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Constitutive activation of the RAS/RAF/MAPK pathway has been found in different tumor types including papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs).

Comparison of these two types of cells with cAMP activated cells, from thyroid-stimulating hormone-treated thyrocytes and autonomous adenomas, showed distinct gene expression profiles for the two pathways.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Metanephric adenoma is a rare benign renal tumor typically found in adults.

In this study, we investigated the genomic profile of nine cases of metanephric adenoma using array comparative genomic hybridization.

We did not observe consistent gains of chromosomes 7 and 17, which are common in papillary renal cell carcinoma, neither did we find chromosomal alterations frequently present in Wilms' tumors, including chromosome gains of 1q, 7q, and 12, and losses of 11p and 16q.

Our series demonstrates that the genetic profile of metanephric adenoma is fundamentally distinct from those of papillary renal cell carcinoma and Wilms' tumor.

[MeSH-major]Adenoma / genetics. Kidney Neoplasms / genetics

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(PMID = 20802469.001).

[ISSN] 1530-0285

[Journal-full-title] Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Brenner tumor and struma ovarii, two uncommon ovarian tumors arising alone or together with dermoid cysts or adenomas, are both rare entities.

The mass consisted predominantly of a Brenner tumor associated with struma ovarii containing a single small island of thyroid tissue that had undergone malignant transformation into a well-differentiated papillary carcinoma and also normal thyroid tissue that had spread to the peritoneum.

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Mirizzi syndrome secondary to an adenoma of the cystic duct.

We report the unusual case of a 54-year-old man who developed Mirizzi syndrome secondary to a bile duct papillaryadenoma located in the cystic duct remnant.

A case report is presented, together with a review of extrahepatic bile duct adenomas published in the English-language literature, with special attention directed toward the clinical manifestations, locations, and prognosis of these tumors.

Bile duct adenomas are very rare tumors.

We describe here a very rare, acalculous variant of Mirizzi syndrome secondary to a solitary papillaryadenoma of the cystic duct.

In general, bile duct adenomas are uncommon lesions that are difficult to diagnoses preoperatively.

GLUT-1 expression was observed in 5% (3/60) of FC cases, but all follicular adenomas and adenomatous goitres were negative for GLUT-1 (PC vs. FC, p<0.0001).

Semi-quantitative analysis of glut-1 mRNA by RT-PCR showed a tendency toward higher expression in PCs compared to FCs, follicular adenomas and adenomatous goitres, and the mRNA expression in PCs with a membrane-like pattern was higher than those showing cytoplasm-predominance.

1) GLUT-1 is immunohistochemically useful in distinguishing PC from FC and benign diseases;.