..We find further that NSD3 is required for the blockade of differentiation in BRD4-NUT-expressing NMCs. These findings identify NSD3 as a novel critical oncogenic component and potential therapeutic target in NMC...

..There still is no effective treatment for NMC, there are no guidelines, and current approaches to treatment are based on discussions among a few oncologists who each have had a single experience treating this disease...

..NMC is diagnosed by detection of NUT rearrangement by fluorescence in situ hybridisation or reverse transcriptase PCR. Due its rarity and lack of characteristic histological features, most cases of NMC currently go unrecognised...

..Our current understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of the disease is also discussed, along with the differential diagnosis for undifferentiated or poorly differentiated malignancy of the upper aerodigestive tract...