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NEW YORK - JANUARY 02: New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg speaks at during a news conference addressing a new anti cigarette campaign City Hall January 2, 2008 in New York City. There is increasing speculation that Bloomberg is eying a possible run for the presidency of the U.S. as an independent candidate. While Bloomberg continues to deny any interest in the presidency, he will be attending a conference this weekend in Oklahoma for independent candidates. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images)

WASHINGTON (AP) — New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg sought Tuesday to ignite debate over immigration among the presidential contenders, saying there was no faster or cheaper way to fix the nation’s economic problems than by abandoning “self-defeating” immigration policies.

In an editorial published Tuesday and at an appearance before business leaders in Chicago, Bloomberg laid out some of his ideas, saying immigrants and the businesses they create are engines for America’s economic recovery.

He spoke alongside William Daley, President Barack Obama’s former chief of staff. He planned to address a similar forum in Boston later with conservative media mogul Rupert Murdoch.

“If Bill and Rupert can find common ground — and they can — there’s no reason Democrats and Republicans in Washington should remain burrowed in their partisan foxholes,” said the editorial by Bloomberg, a Democrat-turned-Republican-turned-independent.

Bloomberg has long argued that the United States is committing economic suicide by sending the nation’s top international students and the world’s most promising entrepreneurs to other shores. In Chicago, he pointed to a study released Tuesday by a partnership of U.S. mayors and business leaders that he co-chairs, which found, among other things, that immigrants were responsible for one out of four new businesses started last year.

“I know of no ways to help our economy as quickly and as cost-free as opening up proper ways to people who will come here, create jobs, create businesses, help our universities,” Bloomberg said. “Immigration is what built the country, immigration is what kept this country going for the last 235 years and now we seem to have walked away from it.”

In his editorial, published by the Bloomberg News service he owns, the New York mayor said the U.S. was falling perilously behind other nations in wooing skilled immigrants. He presented some specific proposals: green cards for top foreign graduate students at U.S. colleges, a much higher percentage of green cards awarded on the basis of economic needs, a visa specifically for entrepreneurs and a guest worker program for seasonal labor.

He also advocated a path to citizenship for the millions of illegal immigrants in the U.S.

Bloomberg pressed the two presidential campaigns to detail proposals on immigration.

Obama pledged in 2008 to push for passage of comprehensive changes in immigration laws, but the effort stalled in Congress. Obama then issued a directive in June that protects immigrants who were brought to the U.S. illegally as children, exempting them from deportation. The policy grants temporary work permits to those who apply, but it does not provide a path to citizenship.

Republican challenger Mitt Romney has criticized the directive but has not said if he would reverse it, pledging instead an unspecified “civil but resolute” long-term fix to illegal immigration.

Bloomberg, a former entrepreneur who parlayed a Wall Street layoff into a multibillion-dollar financial information services empire, has very publicly flirted with the idea of running for president in the past. As this election cycle solidified, speculation has turned toward whether he might endorse one of the candidates.

Bloomberg also has urged both Obama and Romney to address gun violence — another pet issue of the New York mayor — and has said he would congratulate any candidate who comes forward with a plan.