Liturgical differences between Catholic and Reformed celebrations in Switzerland were studied by a temporal analysis of 16 worships. The importance of speech, music, and silence and the participation of the priest, assembly and organist are analysed. Data from 190 churches show that Reformed churches present a smaller average volume, a denser occupation of space and a shorter reverberation time than Catholic churches. The geometrical and acoustical characteristics of Reformed churches favour speech intelligibility whereas music is advantaged in Catholic churches, which agrees with the observed liturgical differences.

Previous research with travelers points to higher risk behaviors during vacations. Relative to their day-to-day lives, leisure travelers have more free time to pursue sexual activities and are likely to engage in higher rates of substance use than when at home. Risk behaviors during vacation have not been thoroughly examined in men who have sex with men (MSM), a key group at risk for HIV. The present investigation examined substance use, sexual risk behaviors, and components of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) Model in MSM attending Mardi Gras celebrations in New Orleans. Almost half of the sexually active men reported having sex with a partner of unknown HIV status while in New Orleans and a similar number did not disclose their own HIV status to all of their sexual partners. Drug use and excessive alcohol use were associated with unprotected sex (ps < .05). Components of the IMB model also predicted sexual risk behavior: individuals with more accurate HIV transmission information reported fewer unprotected sex acts, and motivation to engage in sexual activity on vacation was associated with more unprotected sex (ps < .05). Findings suggest that some MSM on vacation are placing themselves at risk for HIV. Traditional HIV prevention interventions do not readily lend themselves for use with transient populations. New intervention approaches are needed to reduce sexual risk behaviors in persons traveling for leisure.

This study aims to analyze the Mexican celebrations, particularly the Bicentenary of Independence and Centenary of Mexican Revolution’s celebrations, occurred in the year of 2010, specially those related to the government’s oficial’s visions for civic and patriotic events, that have composed the mexican’s ephemeris, searching for the understanding and to analyze the data collected in the first moment – the period that preceded the celebrations – and those collected during and after the realization of those, in order to contextualize the oficial’s visions, and confront them with another perspectives. In order to, we performed a comparison with the celebrations of the First Centenary of Independence, in 1910, from a theoretical analysis about concepts like Identity, Celebration, Memory and Uses of the Past.; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES; O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar as celebrações mexicanas, em especial as do Bicentenário de Independência e do Centenário da Revolução Mexicana, ocorridas no ano de 2010, sobretudo com relação às visões oficiais do governo federal para com os eventos cívicos e pátrios, que compuseram as efemérides mexicanas, buscando compreender e analisar os dados levantados no primeiro momento da pesquisa – o período que antecedeu as festas – e aqueles levantados durante e após a realização destas...

Sigma Chi fraternity house decorated for University of Florida Homecoming celebrations.; (Funding) Digitized with funding from the Institute of Museum and Library Services as part of the Ephemeral Cities grant project.

See also p.135 in Stuart-Fox and Ung (1985) titled "The third anniversary celebrations in Maesar Prachan"; and "no. 73: The third anniversary celebrations" at http://khmerrouge-toons.blogspot.com.au/2008_10_01_archive.html

Program folded into letter size mailing envelope, 4th of July celebrations, Saturday, Sunday and Monday, July 2nd, 3rd and 4th. Program invites guests to "Enjoy the first dance in your **air conditioned** clubhouse." Undated, but possibly 1955.

The author examines the paradox of very
poor households, spending large sums on celebrations. Using
qualitative, and quantitative data from South India, the
author demonstrates that spending on weddings, and festivals
can be explained by integrating an anthropological
understanding of how identity is shaped in Indian society,
with an economic analysis of decision-making under
conditions of extreme poverty, and risk. The author argues
that publicly observable celebrations have two functions:
they provide a space for maintaining social reputations, and
webs of obligation, and, they serve as arenas for
status-making competitions. The first role is central to
maintaining the networks essential for social relationships,
and coping with poverty. The second is a correlate of
mobility that may become more prevalent as incomes rise.
Development policies that favor individual over collective
action, reduce the incentives for the networking function,
and increase the incentives for status-enhancing functions -
thus reducing social cohesion...

Discourses about the construction of identity, the politics of identity, and the role of design in controlling human behavior and expressing power have thus far been confined to separate realms of inquiry. This thesis will examine where these discourses intersect and how their intersection plays out in society as old conceptions of race and identity are challenged by demographic shifts and new immigrant populations. Festivals, as spatial expressions of identity that image city spaces, provide an important perspective on this topic. Philadelphia, as a former capital city that continues to struggle with race and identity in its politics, acts as a compelling backdrop for my case studies. The Mummers Parade and the Odunde Festival are two New Year's celebrations that mediate racial/political and ethnic/cultural identities for the city's white and black populations respectively. This thesis considers both festivals from their historical context and compares their current form in terms of spatial and non-spatial indicators (route, demographics, funding, and organizational structure). From this analytic framework emerges a picture of how political identities are constructed spatially, how the process of identity construction both challenges and reinforces the dominant political structure...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of Edinburgh's Hogmanay celebrations on the city's accident and emergency (A&E) service. METHODS: Retrospective analysis. RESULTS: A crowd estimated at more than 350,000 attended the celebrations. During the three day period between 00.01 h on 31 December and 23.59 h on 2 January, 1151 new patients presented to the A&E department and of these half arrived in the first 24 hours. Thirty six patients required emergency resuscitation and eight died in the department during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: The absolute number of patients presenting during the study period greatly exceeded most of the "major disasters" in contemporary UK experience. No deaths were directly attributable to the event, but the spectrum of patient pathologies, their severity and presentation is analogous to several recent major incidents. It is doubtful whether the Hogmanay celebrations are safe.

Die terrein waar die hoeksteen van die Voortrekkermonument gelê sal word, is reeds omskep in 'n tentestad vir die Groot Trek Eeufeesvieringe; The site where the foundation stone of the Voortrekker Monument is to be laid, has been converted into a tented city for the Great Trek Centenary celebrations.

A political crisis is threatening arrangements for the Voortrekker centenary celebrations, which are to be held in Pretoria in December. Objections from the Dingaan's Day Celebrations Commission have been made against the invitation to the Prime Minister, Gen. J.B.M. Hertzog.

This article tries to fix the idea of a few questions about the universe of religion practice, that are popular and their sacred symbolicrepresentation. This popular religious manifestation shows a continuous and intensive flux between institutionalism and the disclericalised and to exemplify this dynamics we are going to analyze the demarcation of a collective time and the construction of an identity and a sense that belongs to those ones that participated of the Folia de Reis, the Divino Espírito Santo and the Círio de Nazaré. Rediscoverings, revisited and revitalized as a rich field of investigations, the religious celebrations have made possible to find new evidences of faith expressions.; Este artigo procura refletir acerca de algumas questões do universo das práticas religiosas tidas como populares e suas representações simbólicas do sagrado. Essas manifestações de religiosidade popular apontam um trânsito contínuo e intenso entre o institucional e o desclericalizado. Para exemplificação desta dinâmica, analisaremos a demarcação de um tempo coletivo e a construção de uma identidade, de um sentido de pertença aos participantes das Folias de Reis...