In the United States, Crack cocaine is a Schedule II
drug under the Controlled Substances Act, indicating
that it has a high abuse potential but also carries
a medicinal purpose. Under the Controlled Substances
Act, crack and cocaine are considered the same drug.

The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 increased penalties
for crack cocaine possession and usage. It mandated
a mandatory minimum sentence of five years without
parole for possession of five grams of crack; to
receive the same sentence with powder cocaine one
had to have 500 grams. This sentencing disparity was
reduced from 100-to-1 to 18-to-1 by the Fair
Sentencing Act of 2010.
wiki