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Excerpt: Jeremias Kalandula Chitunda (February 20, 1942 November 2,
1992) served as the Vice President of UNITA until his assassination
in Luanda, as part of the Halloween Massacre shortly after the
first round of the presidential election, held on September 29-30.
He was UNITA's second in command, after UNITA leader Jonas Savimbi.
Chitunda, born in Chimbuelengue to Emilio Chitunda and Rosalina
Kalombo, attended Chimbuelengue and Dondi Mission school in Bela
Vista before proceeding to Joo de Castro College and the Huambo
National Secondary School. He later received a scholarship to
attend the University of Arizona, where he obtained a degree in
mining engineering. Chitunda moved from Angola to Zaire, fearing
arrest by the Portuguese colonial authorities. He joined UNITA in
1966 and served as its representative to the U.S. southwest before
being promoted to representative to the U.S. in 1976. He became the
Vice President of UNITA in August 1986 at the sixth party congress.
In 1992, after decades of war between UNITA and the governing MPLA,
the first Presidential elections were scheduled. Jos Eduardo dos
Santos officially received 49.57% of the vote and UNITA leader
Jonas Savimbi won 40.6%. Because no candidate received 50% or more
of the vote, election law dictated a second round of voting between
the top two contenders. Savimbi, along with many other election
observers, said the election had been neither free nor fair. But he
sent Chitunda, then Vice President of UNITA, and Elias Salupeto
Pena, a UNITA senior advisor, to Luanda to negotiate the terms of
the second round. The election process broke down on October 31
when government troops in Luanda attacked UNITA. Civilians, using
guns they had received from police a few days earli... More:
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