[In the additions to the
literature I have followed the method of italicizing book-titles and words in
foreign languages, as in the revised edition of vols. i. and ii. The same
method will be carried out in all subsequent volumes.]

3 Jerome, who was a shrewd
observer of men and things, and witnessed the first effects of the union of
church and state, says: "Ecclesia postquam ad Christianos principes venit,
potentia quidem et divitiis major, sed virtutibus minor facta.'