Rosacea, a chronic, noncontagious dermatitis of the facial skin, affects approximately 16 million people in the United States. Furthermore, millions of additional people may be in temporary remission from rosacea. The increasing prevalence of rosacea in the past decade is a trend that may coincide with the aging of the US population.

Psoriasis, the most prevalent autoimmune disease in the United States, affects approximately 7.5 million people. A chronic, relapsing disease, psoriasis is characterized by thick patches of inflamed scaly skin resulting from excessive proliferation of skin cells. Psoriasis is designated as “moderate” if it involves 3% to 10% of the body surface and “severe” if it involves more than 10% of the body. An estimated 25% of psoriasis cases are moderate or severe.

Bronchospasm is defined as sudden and involuntary contraction of smooth muscle in the bronchioles. It occurs in patients with allergic diseases, including asthma, and results in airway constriction and shortness of breath.

Heart failure affects an estimated 5.7 million patients aged ≥20 years in the United States, according to the 2009-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Approximately 870,000 new cases of heart failure occur annually. Heart failure is projected to affect more than 8 million individuals aged ≥18 years in the United States by 2030, representing a 46% increase from 2012. The incidence of heart failure is substantially higher in the elderly population, approaching 10 of 1000 people aged ≥65 years.