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A short survey of Croatian history

7th C

The Avars and Slavs settle gradually on the territory of Croatia. The Croats engage themselves in fighting the Avarian dominance and after defeating them settle on today’s territories. In the early Middle Ages, Croatia is under the rule of the Franks.

9th C

The age of Duke Trpimir (called dux Chroatorum) and Duke Branimir, when Croatia becomes independent.

10th C

The age of King Tomislav when Croatia is very strong. Stjepan Držislav is the first crowned Croatian king.

11th C

The Trpimirovici dynasty dies out, and Croatian kings come under the rule of Arpadovici, who introduce the new ways of ruling (division into counties).

12th C

Mighty feudal families emerge (dukes of Krk, Vinodol, Cetina ,Omiš…).

1242

The invasion of the Tatars, after which King Bela IV began to establish free royal towns. Since 1260 Croatia is divided into two territories governed by bans (Vice-Roys) (Slavonija and Croatia).

1409

Venice buys the rights on Dalmatia from Ladislav of Naples for 100.000 ducats and rules over it until 1797. The Turks devastate Croatia during the 15th century. The division into two territories is overcome by the unification of the Sabors (Parliaments) of Croatia and Slavonia.

1593

The battle of Sisak is the turning point in fighting against the Turks. The interior conflicts between the Court and Croatian noblemen continue (the deaths of Petar Zrinski and Frano Krsto Frankopan).

18th C

Croatia becomes administratively dependent on Hungary. Dalmatia, Dubrovnik and Boka Kotorska recognise the authority of Napoleon I for a short time; they come under the authority of Austria after 1813.

18th C

The time of Illyrian movement whose members advocate a free use of the Croatian language. An increased revival of national consciousness.

1848

The revolution led by the Croatian ban Josip Jelaèiæ has the aim to defend Croatian national interests.

1918

The Croatian Sabor proclaims the seceding from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and Croatia enters the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes the same year. Istra, Rijeka and Zadar come under Italian rule.

1939

The Autonomous Banovina of Croatia was created.

1941-1945

The Independent State of Croatia was created during the Second World War which was dependent on the Nazi regimes of Italy and Germany. The anti-fascist movement grows stronger and stronger. After the war Croatia becomes one of the federal republics within the renewed Yugoslavia under the rules of the communists.

1990

After democratic elections Croatia leaves Yugoslavia and proclaims its own independence and sovereignty. At the same time a part of Serbian population stirs up a rebellion, dictated form Belgrade, which results in the aggression of the JNA and Yugoslavia against Croatia.

1992

Croatia becomes the full member of the United Nations.

1995

The Croatian territory is almost completely liberated.

1998

The sovereignty over the whole country, including Eastern Slavonia, is established by a peaceful reintegration.