January 22 – The New York Yankees announce they will put numbers on the backs of their uniforms, becoming the first baseball team to start continuous use of the numbers. The first numbers are based on positions in the batting order; thus, Babe Ruth will wear number 3 and Lou Gehrig number 4. In a few weeks, the Cleveland Indians announce that they, too, will put numbers on the uniforms. By 1931, all American League teams will use them. It will be 1933 before all National League players are numbered.

July 6 – After losing 10-6 in the opener of a double header against the Philadelphia Phillies, the St. Louis Cardinals score ten runs in the first inning on their way to a 28-6 victory in the second game. The two teams combine to collect a record 73 hits in a double header.

July 24 – With a win over the New York Giants and a 6-4 loss by the Pittsburgh Pirates at the hands of the Brooklyn Robins, the Cubs claim sole possession of first place in the National League by half a game. They hold first place the remainder of the season.

August 11 – Babe Ruth hit his 500th career home run in the second inning off Willis Hudlin at Cleveland's League Park. The homer was Ruth's 30th of the year, but it wasn't enough as the Indians beat the Yankees, 6-5.

September 21 – Connie Mack's Philadelphia Athletics win their 100th game of the season, 10-7, over the Detroit Tigers.

October 5 – The Philadelphia Phillies' Lefty O'Doul goes six-for-nine in a double header with the New York Giants on the last day of the season for the Phillies, ending the season with a .398 batting average.

October 8 – Howard Ehmke, who was in the twilight of his career, and had made only eleven appearances for the Philadelphia Athletics during the regular season, is handed the ball for the first game of the 1929 World Series. He gives up just one unearned run in the ninth inning to lead the A's to a 3-1 victory over the Chicago Cubs.

October 11 – Philadelphia Athletics game two starting pitcherGeorge Earnshaw is the starter in game three of the World Series as well, and pitches all nine innings. The Cubs win their only game of the World Series, 3-1.

October 12 – Behind 8-0, the Philadelphia Athletics explode for ten runs in the seventh inning to win game four of the World Series, 10-8. Mule Haas has a three run inside-the-park home run during the inning.

October 14 – Down 2-0 with one out in the ninth inning, the A's score three runs to claim their first World Championship since 1913. Bing Miller delivers the World Series winning hit.

February 1 – Walt Wilmot, who led the National League in homeruns in 1890, and also scored 100 or more runs three times and twice collected 70 or more stolen bases.

February 2 – Thorny Hawkes, 76, second baseman for the 1879 Troy Trojans and the 1884 Washington Nationals.

February 2 – Mike Walsh, 78, Irish umpire in the National inaugural season in 1876, who later officiated in the National Association and the American Association and also managed the 1884 Louisville Colonels.

February 11 – Dutch Ulrich, 29, pitcher or the Philadelphia Phillies from 1925 through 1927.

February 13 – Joe Straub, 71, German catcher who played in part of three seasons with the Troy Trojans, Philadelphia Athletics and Columbus Buckeyes between 1880 and 1883.

February 26 – Jim Moroney, 45, pitcher for the Boston Beaneaters, Philadelphia Phillies and Chicago Cubs in part of three seasons spanning 1906–1912.

March 13 – Sherry Magee, 44, left fielder for the Phillies who led the National League in RBI four times, and in hits, runs and doubles once each; also a batting champion in 1910, while his 441 career stolen bases included 23 thefts of home plate, and later became a NL umpire in 1928.

March 23 – Denny Williams, 32, outfielder who played from 1921 to 1928 for the Cincinnati Reds and Boston Red Sox.

March 25 – Roy Meeker, 28, pitcher for the Philadelphia Athletics and Cincinnati Reds over parts of the three season between 1923 and 1926,

March 30 – Phil Redding, 39, pitcher who played with the St. Louis Cardinals from 1912 to 1923.

May 28 – Ollie Beard, 67, shortstop for the Cincinnati Red Stockings/Reds from 1889 to 1890 and third baseman for the 1891 Louisville Colonels; it is claimed that his family invented the Kentucky dish, Burgoo.

July 9 – Pete Cassidy, 56, first baseman who played with the Louisville Colonels, Brooklyn Superbas and Washington Senators in parts of two seasons spanning 1896–1899.

July 12 – Jack Cronin, 55, pitcher who played seven seasons with seven teams in two different leagues between 1895 and 1904.

July 19 – Tom O'Rourke, 63, backup catcher for the Boston Beaneaters, New York Giants and Syracuse Stars in parts of four seasons spanning 1887–1890.

July 20 – Rupert Mills, 36, first baseman for the 1915 Newark Peppers of the Federal League, who, due to a term in his contract, "played" the non-existent 1916 season by showing up at the ballpark each day in uniform and ready to play, thereby earning his 1916 salary.

July 21 – Frank Gilmore, 65, pitcher who played from 1886 through 1888 for the Washington Nationals.

July 24 – George Miller, 76, backup catcher for the 1877 Cincinnati Reds and the 1884 Cincinnati Red Stockings.

August 5 – Tony Brottem, 38, catcher/first baseman for the St. Louis Cardinals. Washington Senators and Pittsburgh Pirates during three seasons between 1916 and 1921.

August 6 – Andy Cusick, 71, Irish catcher who played from 1884 through 1887 with the Wilmington Quicksteps and the Philadelphia Quakers.

August 8 – Dan Minnehan, 63, third baseman for the 1895 Louisville Colonels.

August 11 – Red Long, 52, Canadian pitcher for the 1902 Boston Beaneaters.

August 15 – Jack Manning, 75, right fielder/pitcher for eight teams during 12 seasons in three different leagues, who in 1884 became the third player the collect a three-homerun game, behind Ned Williamson and Cap Anson.

September 2 -Bert Blue, 51, backup catcher who played for the St. Louis Browns and the Philadelphia Athletics during the 1908 season.

September 22 – Ice Box Chamberlain, 61, pitcher who played for six teams in 10 seasons between 1886 and 1896, who led the American Association in shutouts (1890) and ranks 64th on the all-time complete games list (265).

September 25 – Miller Huggins, 50, Hall of Fame manager who guided the New York Yankees to its first six American League pennants (1921–23; 1926–28) and three World Series titles (1923, 1927–28), including the legendary 1927 Murderers Row squad.

October 22 – Walt Lerian, 26, promising catcher of the Philadelphia Phillies from 1928 through 1929, who died just days after the conclusion of the 1929 season, when he was hit by out-of-control truck while standing on a Baltimore street.

October 22 – Jim Manning, 67, outfielder/infielder for the Boston Beaneaters, Detroit Wolverines and Kansas City Cowboys in parts of five seasons spanning 1884–1889, who later managed the Washington Senators during the inaugural season of the American League in 1901.

November 8 – Red Bittmann, 67, second baseman for the 1889 Kansas City Cowboys.

November 10 – Mark Baldwin, 66, pitcher for five teams in three different leagues from 1887 to 1893, who posted a 154-165 record and a 3.37 ERA in 346 games, while leading the American Association with 33 wins in 1890 and for the most innings pitched in 1889 (513.2) and 1890 (492), and collected 296 complete games, which ranks him 46th on the all-time career list.

November 11 – Sam White, 36, English catcher for the Boston Braves during the 1919 season.

November 14 – Joe McGinnity, 58, Hall of Fame pitcher whose 246 victories included eight 20-win seasons, while leading the National League in wins five times, in innings four times and games six times, as his 31 wins for the 1903 New York Giants included three complete August doubleheaders, and also won 239 games in the minor leagues.

November 15 – Billy Nash, 64, prominent third baseman for the Richmond Virginians, Boston Beaneaters and Philadelphia Phillies from 1884 through 1898, who posted a .275 batting average with 60 home runs and 979 runs batted in for 1550 games, while scoring 100 runs four times and collecting 110 or more RBI two times, also leading the National League in putouts, double plays and fielding average four times each.

November 20 – Babe Doty, 61, pitcher who played for the 1890 Toledo Maumees.

November 20 – Jim Powell, 70, first baseman who played from 1884 to 1885 with the Richmond Virginians and the Philadelphia Athletics.

November 29 – Jimmy Whelan, 39, who appeared as a pinch-hitter in one game for the 1913 St. Louis Cardinals.

1.
Baseball
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Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each, who take turns batting and fielding. A run is scored when a player advances around the bases, Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways. A player on the team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates turns batting. The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the team records three outs. One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the team, constitutes an inning. A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the number of runs at the end of the game wins. Baseball has no clock, although almost all games end in the ninth inning. Baseball evolved from older bat-and-ball games already being played in England by the mid-18th century and this game was brought by immigrants to North America, where the modern version developed. By the late 19th century, baseball was widely recognized as the sport of the United States. Baseball is now popular in North America and parts of Central and South America, the Caribbean, in the United States and Canada, professional Major League Baseball teams are divided into the National League and American League, each with three divisions, East, West, and Central. The major league champion is determined by playoffs that culminate in the World Series, the top level of play is similarly split in Japan between the Central and Pacific Leagues and in Cuba between the West League and East League. The evolution of baseball from older bat-and-ball games is difficult to trace with precision, a French manuscript from 1344 contains an illustration of clerics playing a game, possibly la soule, with similarities to baseball. Other old French games such as thèque, la balle au bâton, consensus once held that todays baseball is a North American development from the older game rounders, popular in Great Britain and Ireland. Baseball Before We Knew It, A Search for the Roots of the Game, by David Block, suggests that the game originated in England, recently uncovered historical evidence supports this position. Block argues that rounders and early baseball were actually regional variants of other. It has long believed that cricket also descended from such games. The earliest known reference to baseball is in a 1744 British publication, A Little Pretty Pocket-Book, David Block discovered that the first recorded game of Bass-Ball took place in 1749 in Surrey, and featured the Prince of Wales as a player. William Bray, an English lawyer, recorded a game of baseball on Easter Monday 1755 in Guildford and this early form of the game was apparently brought to Canada by English immigrants

2.
1929
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This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War a Catholic counter-revolution in Mexico, the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, a British high court, ruled that Canadian women are persons in the Edwards v. Canada case. The 1st Academy Awards for film were held in Los Angeles, the Peruvian Air Force was created. In the Soviet Union, General Secretary Joseph Stalin expelled Leon Trotsky, the Grand Trunk Express began service in India. Rioting between Muslims and Jews in Jerusalem over access to the Western Wall took place in the Middle East, the centenary of Western Australia was celebrated. The Kellogg–Briand Pact, a treaty renouncing war as an instrument of national policy, in Europe, the Holy See and the Kingdom of Italy signed the Lateran Treaty. The Idionymon law was passed in Greece to outlaw political dissent, Spain hosted the Ibero-American Exposition which featured pavilions from Latin American countries. The German airship LZ127 Graf Zeppelin flew around the world in 21 days, on August 1 of this year the 1929 Palestine riots broke out between Palestinians and Jews over control of the Western Wall. The rioting, initiated in part when British police tore down a screen the Jews had constructed in front of the Wall, in total,133 Jews and 116 Palestinians were killed. The Palestinians had been told that Jews were killing Palestinians, Jews would not return to Hebron until after the Six-Day War in 1967. The other major clash was the 1929 Safed massacre, in which 18–20 Jews were killed by Palestinians in Safed in similar fashion, elsewhere in the Middle East, Iraq took a big step toward gaining independence from the British. The Iraqi government had, since the end of World War I, in September, Great Britain announced it would support Iraqs inclusion in the League of Nations, signaling the beginning of the end of their direct control of the region. Early in 1929 the Afghan leader King Amanullah lost power through revolution, habibullāhs rule, however, only lasted nine months. Nadir Shah replaced him in October, starting a line of monarchs which would last 40 years, in India, a general strike in Bombay continued throughout the year despite efforts by the British. On December 29, the All India Congress in Lahore declared Indian independence from Britain, China and Russia engaged in a minor conflict after China seized full control of the Manchurian Chinese Eastern Railway. Russia counterattacked and took the cities of Hailar and Manchouli after issuing an ultimatum demanding joint control of the railway to be reinstated, the Chinese agreed to the terms on November 26. The Japanese would later see this defeat as a sign of Chinese weakness, the Far East began to experience economic problems late in the year as the effects of the Great Depression began to spread. Southeast Asia was especially hard hit as its exports were more sensitive to economic problems, in the Pacific, on December 28 – Black Saturday in Samoa – New Zealand colonial police killed 11 unarmed demonstrators, an event which led the Mau movement to demand independence for Samoa

3.
1920 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1920 throughout the world. Won-loss records were reported due to lack of interest by the press mainly in New York. Bacharach claimed the pennant, although Hilldale disputed it, january 3 – The New York Yankees purchase outfielder Babe Ruth from the Boston Red Sox for $100,000. February 13 – A meeting in Kansas City results in the birth of the Negro National League, april 14 – Stan Coveleski and the Cleveland Indians hold the St. Louis Browns to five hits in a 5–0 victory at Dunn Field. April 19 – Babe Ruth enters Fenway Park as a member of the team for the first time in his career as the Boston Red Sox sweep a doubleheader from Ruth. Ruth goes three-for-eight with an RBI, april 25 – High Pockets Kelly drives in three as the New York Giants defeat the Brooklyn Robins 5–2 in the first meeting of the National Leagues two New York teams. May 1 – The Brooklyn Robins Leon Cadore and the Boston Braves Joe Oeschger pitched 26 innings in a 1–1 tie, morning rain delayed the start of the game until 3,00 p. m. The Dodgers scored a run in the top of the fifth, the Braves tied it in the bottom of the sixth with a double by Walt Cruise and a single by Tony Boeckel. The game went into extra innings, no runs were scored for the rest of the game and it was called due to darkness in the 26th inning. May 2 – Opening day for the Negro National League, may 3 – Dutch Leonard and the Detroit Tigers defeat the Cleveland Indians 5–1 for their first win of the season versus thirteen losses. May 14 – Walter Johnson of the Washington Senators records his 300th win, may 20 – At Griffith Stadium, the Washington Senators and Chicago White Sox go into extra innings tied at three. The ChiSox score two in the fifteenth inning only to be matched by Washington in the bottom of the inning, Chicago then puts up eight runs in the sixteenth to win the game by a final score of 13–5 in sixteen innings. Red Faber pitches all sixteen innings for Chicago, june 1 – In a slugfest at Dunn Field, the Detroit Tigers defeat the Cleveland Indians 11–10. Detroits Ty Cobb goes two-for-five with two RBIs and a run scored, june 24 – Following a 5–3 loss to the Cincinnati Reds, the Philadelphia Phillies fall into last place in the National League. With the Philadelphia As having been in last place since the 13th, both Philadelphia teams spend the rest of the season in last, june 28 – The Philadelphia Athletics defeat the Washington Senators 6–2 to end an 18-game losing streak. After giving up two runs on two hits and a walk in the first inning, As starter Slim Harriss cruises the rest of the way for the game victory. July 1 – Six weeks after recording his 300th, Walter Johnson pitches the only no-hitter of his career, as the Washington Senators top the Boston Red Sox, july 27 – The Washington Senators defeat the Cleveland Indians 19–6. Indians starter Ray Caldwell lasts just 1.1 innings, and is replaced by George Uhle, who gives up four hits, Tony Faeth picks up the third out of the second inning to stop the bleeding after the Senators have plated twelve runs

4.
1924 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1924 throughout the world. The contest between the Boston Braves and Philadelphia Phillies at the Baker Bowl ends in a 6-6 tie, april 16 – Earle Combs makes his major league debut pinch hitting for Sad Sam Jones in the New York Yankees 9-6 loss to the Boston Red Sox. May 31 – Red Ruffing gives up five hits and three earned runs in his league debut. June 26 – Jesse Barnes opposed Virgil Barnes in the first pitching matchup of brothers in major league history, Virgil did not have a decision while Jesse was credited with the loss as the New York Giants won the Boston Braves‚ 8-1. The Barnes brothers will match up four times during their careers‚ the first. July 14 – Rogers Hornsby goes three-for-four in the St. Louis Cardinals 12-0 victory over the Brooklyn Robins to raise his average to.402. His average remains above.400 for the remainder of the season, july 17 – Jesse Haines of the St. Louis Cardinals pitches a no-hitter against the Boston Braves in a 5-0 win. August 27 – The New York Yankees are shut out for only the time all season, 1-0 by Stan Coveleski. August 28 The New York Yankees and Washington Senators open a four game series at Yankee Stadium for first place in the American League. The Senators win 11-6 and take three of the four games of the series to leave New York with a 1.5 game lead. Despite future Hall of Famer Chick Hafey making his league debut in both games of their double header, the St. Louis Cardinals lose to the Chicago Cubs, 5-2. Hafey collects his first major hit in the second game. September 6 – The Boston Braves beat the Brooklyn Robins in the game of a double header, 5-4. September 7 – In a crucial battle for first place in the National League, september 16 – St. Louis Cardinals first baseman Jim Bottomley drives in twelve runs in the Cardinals 17-3 victory over the Brooklyn Robins. September 20 – Grover Cleveland Alexander of the Chicago Cubs records his 300th career win, september 22 – With his Detroit Tigers holding a commanding lead over the Boston Red Sox, manager Ty Cobb brings in young prospect Charlie Gehringer as a defensive replacement at short. He does not log an at-bat in his league debut. September 28 – The Brooklyn Robins Dazzy Vance pitches a gem to earn his league leading 28th win of the season over the Boston Braves, Vance also leads the league with a 2.16 earned run average and 262 strikeouts to earn the National Leagues first ever MVP award. October 4 – With the New York Giants up 2-1, the Washington Senators Roger Peckinpaugh doubles in Ossie Bluege to send one of the World Series goes into extra innings tied at two

5.
1930 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1930 throughout the world. World Series, Philadelphia Athletics over St. Louis Cardinals None 1Single season record for RBIs †Louisville was not in the league, St. Louis won the first half, Detroit won the second half. St. Louis beat Detroit 4 games to 3 games in a play-off, a loose confederation of teams were gathered in the East to compete with the West, however East teams did not organize a formal league as the West did. April 14 – The 1930 season opens with the Boston Red Sox defeating the Washington Senators 4–3 at Griffith Stadium. April 27 – Chicago White Sox first baseman Bud Clancy is the first player at first base since Al McCauley of Washington in 1891 to have no chances in a nine-inning game, April 29 – Lefty Gomez pitches four innings and takes the loss in his major league debut. May 6 – The Boston Red Sox trade Red Ruffing to the New York Yankees for Cedric Durst, may 9 – The Detroit Tigers defeat the New York Yankees 5–4 at Yankee Stadium. They set a record only two outfield putouts. May 11 – The Cleveland Indians defeat the Philadelphia Athletics 25-7, may 12 – New York Giants pitcher Larry Benton surrenders six home runs to the Chicago Cubs, yet still gets the win. May 30 – The New York Yankees trade Waite Hoyt and Mark Koenig to the Detroit Tigers for Ownie Carroll, Harry Rice, june 13 – The St. Louis Browns trade General Crowder and Heinie Manush to the Washington Senators for Goose Goslin. July 8 – The New York Yankees are shut out, 4–0, by Rube Walberg and it is the Yankees seventh loss in a row, and second shut out in that stretch. They are the only two shut outs the Yankees suffer all season, August 31 – The St. Louis Cardinals defeat the first place Chicago Cubs, 8–3. In the final 26 games of the season, the Cards go 22–4, september 10 – Hall of fame shortstop Luke Appling goes one-for-four in his major league debut as his Chicago White Sox fall 6–2 to the Boston Red Sox. September 12 – Brooklyn Robins catcher Al López bounces one over the field wall for his sixth home run of the season. It is the last such home run before the implementation of the ground rule double, september 14 – Detroit Tigers Hall of famer Hank Greenberg makes his major league debut in a 10–3 loss to the New York Yankees. September 20 – Bill Terry goes four-for-five in the first game of a double header and he goes five-for-seven in a double header the next day to see his average go as high as.406. He ends the season with a.401 batting average and he is the last National Leaguer to bat over.400. September 28 Dizzy Dean gives up just three hits and one earned run in his league debut to lead the St. Louis Cardinals to a 3–1 victory over the Pittsburgh Pirates. Babe Ruth picks up a complete victory against his former team

6.
1935 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1935 throughout the world. The Complete Book of Baseballs Negro Leagues, The Other Half of Baseball History, fern Park, Florida, Hastings House Publishers. Post-season, Pittsburgh won one half, New York won one half, Pittsburgh beat New York 5 games to 2 games in a play-off. January 19 – The St. Louis Browns trade Bump Hadley to the Washington Senators for Luke Sewell and cash, february 26 – The New York Yankees release Babe Ruth. Later the same day, the Boston Braves sign him, april 1 – Dazzy Vance joins the Brooklyn Dodgers. April 15 – Johnny Mize, who signed with the St. Louis Cardinals. April 16 – Opening day, Lefty Gomez holds the New York Yankees to just two hits as the Boston Red Sox win their season opener 1-0 at Yankee Stadium. In the National League, both the Pittsburgh Pirates and Brooklyn Dodgers put up twelve runs in victories over the Cincinnati Reds and Philadelphia Phillies, april 18 – Detroit Tigers leadoff hitter Jo-Jo White draws five walks in the Tigers 5-4 victory over the Chicago White Sox. April 21 The Cleveland Indians open their season with three extra innings games, amassing 41 total innings. After ten innings, the contest between the Philadelphia Phillies and New York Giants at the Baker Bowl is called a 4-4 tie. The Phillies tie an NL record by turning six double plays, lombardi logs just one at-bat in the second game, and gets a single. May 24 – At Crosley Field, the Cincinnati Reds and the visiting Philadelphia Phillies played the first night game, president Franklin D. Roosevelt turns on the lights with a switch in the White House. May 25 – Babe Ruth of goes 4-for-4 with three runs and six runs batted in. It is the last multi-homer game of Ruths career, with the home run. May 30 – Babe Ruth ends his career with the Boston Braves. June 26 – The Pittsburgh Pirates sweep a double header with the Boston Braves, Pirates centerfielder Lloyd Waner sets a Major League record with eighteen put outs. July 7 – The Detroit Tigers complete a winning streak that pulls them within one game of the first place Yankees. July 8 – At Cleveland Municipal Stadium, home of the Cleveland Indians, july 19 – Casey Stengels Brooklyn Dodgers end the St. Louis Cardinals fourteen-game winning streak behind a shut out by Johnny Babich

7.
1936 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1936 throughout the world. January 6 – New York Giants President Charles A. Stoneham dies of Brights disease and he was the last surviving member of the trio that purchased the team in 1919. His son, Horace Stoneham, is elected the new president. Stoneham‚ 32‚ will remain president for the next 40 years before selling the team in 1976, january 15 – The Chunichi Dragons of Nagoya‚ Japan‚ are officially formed. Eight days later the Hankyu Braves of Nishinomiya joined them, february 2 – The baseball writers vote for the first players to be named to the new Baseball Hall of Fame. Ty Cobb‚ Babe Ruth‚ Honus Wagner‚ Christy Mathewson and Walter Johnson each receive the requisite 75 percent of ballots cast, active players also are eligible in this first election‚ with Rogers Hornsby finishing 9th‚ Mickey Cochrane 10th‚ Lou Gehrig 15th‚ and Jimmie Foxx 19th. Hal Chase receives 11 votes for 25th place‚ and Shoeless Joe Jackson has two votes to tie for 36th place. March 17 – Rookie Joe DiMaggio makes his debut with the New York Yankees, collecting four hits‚ including a triple. March 21 – The Cincinnati Reds trade Jim Bottomley to the St. Louis Browns for Johnny Burnett, april 14 – Opening day, the New York Yankees are shut out, 1–0, by Bobo Newsom and the Washington Senators. In St. Louis, the Cardinals Eddie Morgan becomes the first to hit a home run in his first major league at bat. Morgan connects on the very first pitch he sees in the 7th inning, april 16 – Johnny Mize makes his major league debut. He strikes out pinch hitting for Daffy Dean in the Cards 5–3 loss to the Chicago Cubs, april 26 – In the Brooklyn Dodgers 10–7 victory over the Philadelphia Phillies, Dodgers shortstop Ben Geraghty reaches base twice on two separate interference calls on Phillies catcher Earl Grace. April 29 Nagoya defeated Daitokyo 8–5 in the first professional game in Japan. Hank Greenberg breaks his wrist ending his season, in St. Louis‚ Roy Parmelee‚ former New York Giants pitcher‚ beats Carl Hubbell, 2–1, in a seventeen inning duel. The game is scoreless until the 12th when the Giants score a run‚, parmelee allows just six hits in 17 innings‚ while Hubbell gives up 11. May 3 – Joe DiMaggio makes his major debut in left field in the New York Yankees 14–5 victory over the St. Louis Browns. DiMaggio goes three-for-six- with a triple, an RBI and three runs scored, may 10 – The New York Yankees defeat the Philadelphia Athletics, 7–2. With a loss by the Boston Red Sox to the Washington Senators and they remain in first place for the rest of the season, winning the pennant by 19.5 games over the Detroit Tigers

8.
1938 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1938 throughout the world. Memphis beat Atlanta 2 games to 0 games in a contested play-off that was declared no contest after 2 games, February 10 – The St. Louis Browns trade Rollie Hemsley to the Cleveland Indians for Ed Cole, Roy Hughes and Billy Sullivan. March 6 – The Philadelphia Phillies trade Dolph Camilli to the Brooklyn Dodgers for Eddie Morgan, april 3 – Goose Goslin joins the Washington Senators. April 16 – The St. Louis Cardinals trade Dizzy Dean to the Chicago Cubs for Curt Davis, Clyde Shoun, Tuck Stainback, april 18 – The Boston Red Sox defeat the New York Yankees in the season opener at Fenway Park. Hall of famer Joe Gordon makes his major debut at second base for the Yankees. Enos Slaughter goes three-for-five in his league debut with a double. Fritz Ostermueller holds the New York Yankees to just two hits, as the Boston Red Sox shutout the Yanks, 6-0, april 24 – Dizzy Dean holds his former team to just four hits, as the Cubs beat the Cardinals, 4-0. May 5 – The Chicago Cubs defeat the Philadelphia Phillies 21-2 at Wrigley Field, may 6 – At International League, Newark Bears outfielder Bob Seeds hits four home runs in four successive innings and drives in 12 runs against the Buffalo Bisons. The next day, Seeds slams three more and his seven homers in the two-day barrage account for 17 runs batted in and 30 total bases. In his first 59 games‚ Seeds will clout 28 HR with 95 RBI, may 14 – The Philadelphia Athletics acquire Dick Siebert from the St. Louis Cardinals in exchange for Paul Easterling, Gene Hasson and George Turbeville. June 5 – The Chicago White Sox win the first game of a header with the Philadelphia Athletics, 8-2. June 6 – The Cincinnati Reds sent Alex Kampouris to the New York Giants in exchange for Wally Berger, june 11 – Cincinnati Reds pitcher Johnny Vander Meer tosses a no-hitter against the Boston Bees, leading his team to a 3–0 win. June 13 – The Philadelphia Phillies sent Bucky Walters to the Cincinnati Reds in exchange for Spud Davis, Al Hollingsworth and $50,000. June 15 – Johnny Vander Meer becomes the first, and only to date, june 18 Babe Ruth signs a contract to coach with the Brooklyn Dodgers. Ruth dons a Dodger uniform the next day, entertains observers with a batting demonstration, lefty Mills of the St. Louis Browns pitches a 1–0 shutout over the New York Yankees. It is the second of only two shut outs the Yankees endure all season, Larry French takes the loss, while newly acquired Bob Seeds‚ up from Newark‚ leads the way with a 470-foot inside-the-park home run. July 6 – At Crosley Field, home of the Cincinnati Reds, july 12 – The Pittsburgh Pirates complete a thirteen-game winning streak to pull themselves within half a game of the first place New York Giants. July 16 – The St. Louis Browns snap a ten-game losing streak with an 8–3 victory over the Boston Red Sox, august 2 – The Brooklyn Dodgers and the St. Louis Cardinals used a yellow baseball in the first game of a doubleheader as an experiment

9.
1939 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1939 throughout the world. On May 17,1939, Princeton University and Columbia University played the first televised baseball game, on August 26, the Cincinnati Reds and the Brooklyn Dodgers played the first televised Major League Baseball game. In this year, the Cuban Baseball Hall of Fame inducted its charter honorees, including José Méndez, Washington beat Philadelphia 3 games to 2 games in a play-off. Baltimore beat Newark 3 games to 1 game in a play-off, Baltimore beat Washington 3 games to 1 game for the championship cup. January 24 – George Sisler, Eddie Collins and Willie Keeler are elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame by the Baseball Writers Association of America, april 17 – A new baseball tradition begins, as the baseball season opens in Cincinnati, home of Major League Baseballs oldest franchise. The Cincinnati Reds lose to the Pittsburgh Pirates, 7–5, april 20 – The Boston Red Sox show off their prize rookie Ted Williams before 30,278 in Opening Day at Yankee Stadium, in a game delayed two days because of rain. After striking out twice, Williams collects a double off New York Yankees pitcher Red Ruffing, Yankees first baseman Lou Gehrig makes an error, goes hitless, and lines into two double plays in the only game featuring the two great sluggers. Other notables in what will become a box score include Joe DiMaggio, Bill Dickey, Jimmie Foxx, Joe Cronin, Bobby Doerr, Red Rolfe. The Yankees score their first run on a run by Dickey. Boston has baserunners in each inning, but Ruffing tosses just the opening day shutout in Yankees history. Four umpires work the game including third base umpire George Pipgras, curiously, his opponent for the Red Sox that day was Ruffing. April 21 – Ted Williams plays his first game at Fenway Park, scoring the first run for the Boston Red Sox on a Frankie Hayes passed ball, the Yankees lose the game and DiMaggio will miss the next 35 games. April 30 – Lou Gehrig goes hitless in four at-bats against the Washington Senators and is now hitting just.143 this season and he had just played his 2, 130th consecutive major league game. No one knew it would be the very last of his career, may 2 – New York Yankees first baseman Lou Gehrig voluntarily benches himself for the good of the team ending his consecutive-game streak at 2,130. Babe Dahlgren replaces him in the line-up, and goes two-for-five with a home run, the Yankees beat the Detroit Tigers 22–2 behind Red Ruffing. May 24 – The Detroit Tigers defeat the New York Yankees, 6–1, may 27 – The Cincinnati Reds complete a twelve-game winning streak that lands them in first place in the National League by two games over the St. Louis Cardinals. The Reds remain in first place for the remainder of the season, may 29 – The Chicago Cubs acquire Claude Passeau from the Philadelphia Phillies in exchange for Kirby Higbe, Joe Marty and Ray Harrell. June 4 – The St. Louis Browns sweep a double header from the Washington Senators to end a losing streak

10.
1929 in architecture
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The year 1929 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings. September 7 – Ceremony to lay the foundation stone for the new Palace of Nations in Geneva, november 18 – Ceremony to break the ground for the Umaid Bhawan Palace in Jodhpur, India, designed by Henry Vaughan Lanchester. Plan of White City in Mandatory Palestine by Patrick Geddes agreed, april - Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower, Brooklyn, New York city, designed by Halsey, McCormack and Helmer. July 23 - Landakotskirkja, Reykjavik, Iceland, october 3 - Dominion Theatre, London, England, designed by W. and T. R. Milburn. December 1 - Underground Electric Railways Company of London headquarters,55 Broadway, the Barcelona Pavilion, designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Royal York Hotel in Toronto, Ontario, it becomes the tallest building in the British Empire, Church of Our Lady & St Alphege, Bath, England, designed by Giles Gilbert Scott. Lovell House in Los Angeles, designed by Richard Neutra, e-1027 vacation home at Roquebrune-Cap-Martin in the south of France, designed for themselves by Eileen Gray and her lover Jean Badovici. Nobel House, the headquarters of ICI, on Millbank, Westminster, London, paimio Sanatorium in Finland, designed by Alvar Aalto. Boston Avenue Methodist Church in Tulsa, Oklahoma, richfield Tower in Los Angeles, designed by Stiles O. Clements. Van Nelle Factory in Rotterdam, Netherlands, plaza de Toros de Las Ventas in Madrid, Spain, designed by José Espeliú

11.
1929 in literature
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This article presents lists of the literary events and publications in 1929. February–August – Voltaires Candide is held to be obscene by the United States Customs Service in Boston, february – The first of Margery Allinghams crime novels to feature Albert Campion, The Crime at Black Dudley, is published in England. April 1 – The Faber and Faber publishing house is established in London by Geoffrey Faber with T. S. Eliot as literary editor, – The first of Gladys Mitchells crime novels, introducing her psychologist detective character Mrs Bradley, Speedy Death, is published in England. July – British publisher William Collins, Sons launches The Detective Story Club as an imprint with Edgar Wallaces novelization of The Terror. July 5 – Scotland Yard seizes 13 paintings of male and female nudes by D. H. Lawrence from a Mayfair gallery on grounds of indecency under the Vagrancy Act 1838, August – Censorship of Publications Act sets up the Censorship of Publications Board in the Irish Free State. August 15 – The first Ellery Queen mystery novel, The Roman Hat Mystery, is published in New York City, midyear – Serialization begins of one of the first original Thai novels Dokmai Sot s Sattru Khǫng Čhaolon followed shortly by publication of M. C. Akat s semi-autobiographical Lakhǫn Haeng Chiwit, Thai writers join with Kulap Saipradit in the Suphapburut literary group. October – Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir become a couple, twenty-one-year-old de Beauvoir becomes the youngest person ever to obtain the agrégation in philosophy, and comes second in the final examination, beaten only by Sartre. Rejected the previous year by W. B, yeats for the Abbey Theatre in Dublin, it will not be seen in Ireland until 1935. October 29 – Release of the first sound adaptation of a Shakespeare play, The Taming of the Shrew, starring Mary Pickford. December – George Orwell returns to England after living in Paris, hugo Gernsback first uses the term science fiction in its modern sense to refer to the content of his pulp magazine Amazing Stories. Father Ronald Knox codifies the rules for the Golden Age of Detective Fiction in a Decalogue, samuel Roth publishes a pirated edition of James Joyces 1922 novel Ulysses in New York, he serves two prison terms for publishing an obscene work. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes is prohibited in the Soviet Union because of Sir Arthur Conan Doyles interest in the occult, Foyles bookshop in London moves to new larger premises in the Foyles Building in Charing Cross Road. Monotype introduce Stanley Morisons revival of the Bembo typeface for book printing, S. B. S. Van Dine – The Scarab Murder Case Lynd Ward – Gods Man Thomas Wolfe – Look Homeward, Angel S. John Ervine – The First Mrs. B. White and James Thurber – Is Sex Necessary, a. Fanthorpe, English poet July 31 – Lynne Reid Banks, English novelist August 14 – Thomas Meehan, American screenwriter August 18 – Anatoly Kuznetsov, Russian dissident novelist August 21 – X. J. B

13.
1929 World Series
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The 1929 World Series featured the Philadelphia Athletics and the Chicago Cubs. The Athletics beat the Cubs decisively in five games and it was the last occurrence of an inside-the-park home run in a World Series game until Game 1 of the 2015 World Series. Ehmke went on to start Game 5 but failed to get out of the inning, the bullpen. AL Philadelphia Athletics vs. NL Chicago Cubs This was the first World Series game ever played at Wrigley Field and he proved his shrewd manager right, striking out thirteen Cubs for a Series record that would stand until 1953. Mack had rested Howards arm by sending him to scout the Cubbies for the last few weeks of the season, ehmke notched 13 strikeouts in the game, besting the World Series record of 12 set by Ed Walsh in 1906. Attending Game 1 was 9-year-old John Paul Stevens, who would grow up to become a Supreme Court Justice, a lifelong Cub fan, Stevens later said, And that was my first game, a tragic game for a young boy to go and see in person. Jimmie Foxx became the first player to homer in his first two World Series games, Game 3 was a strong showing of two defensive teams at their best, a classic pitchers duel and a nail-biter. Sticking to his policy, Mack rolled the dice again in Game 4 by starting 46-year-old Jack Quinn. After Wilsons miscue on Haass hit, a fan wrote new lyrics to My Old Kentucky Home. And ending For well sing one song for the game and fighting Cubs, after seeing his seemingly safe 8–0 lead implode to a 10–8 loss after the As record seventh and a scoreless last two innings, Cub skipper Joe McCarthy was anything but jovial. When a boy came by after the game asking for a baseball, Marse Joe muttered, Come back tomorrow and stand behind Wilson, and youll be able to pick up all the balls you want. The As rallied for their three runs in the bottom of the ninth to come from behind yet again and win the Series on home turf. 1929 World Series, Philadelphia Athletics over Chicago Cubs Cohen, Richard M. Neft, the World Series, Complete Play-By-Play of Every Game, 1903–1989. Archived from the original on 2008, amateur film footage from the series

14.
Philadelphia Athletics
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The Oakland Athletics, a current Major League Baseball franchise, originated in Philadelphia. This article details the history of the Philadelphia Athletics, from 1901 to 1954, see also, Philadelphia Baseball Wall of Fame The Western League had been renamed the American League in 1900 by league president Bancroft Johnson, and declared itself the second major league in 1901. Johnson created new franchises in the east and eliminated some franchises in the West, Philadelphia had a new franchise created to compete with the National Leagues Philadelphia Phillies. Former catcher Connie Mack was recruited to manage the club, Mack in turn persuaded Phillies minority owner Ben Shibe as well as others to invest in the team, which would be called the Philadelphia Athletics. Mack himself bought a 25% interest, while the remaining 25% was sold to Philadelphia sportswriters Sam Jones, the new league recruited many of its players from the existing National League, persuading them to jump to the American League in defiance of their National League contracts. One of the players who jumped to the new league was second baseman Nap Lajoie and he won the A. L. s first batting title with a.426 batting average, still a league record. The Athletics and the American League received a setback when, on April 21,1902, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court invalidated Lajoies contract with the Athletics and this order, though, was only enforceable in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Lajoie was sold to Cleveland, but was out of road games in Philadelphia until the National Agreement was signed between the two leagues in 1903. In the early years, the As established themselves as one of the dominant teams in the new league, winning the A. L. pennant six times and they won over 100 games in 1910 and 1911, and 99 games in 1914. The team was known for its $100,000 Infield, consisting of Stuffy McInnis, Eddie Collins, Jack Barry, Rube Waddell was also a major pitching star for the As in the early 1900s. According to Lamont Buchanan in The World Series and Highlights of Baseball, Plank holds the franchise record for career victories, with 284. In 1909, the As moved into the leagues first concrete-and-steel ballpark. This remains the second and last time in history where a new ballpark was built specifically for the As. Later in the decade, Mack bought the 25% of the stock owned by Jones. Shibe ceded Mack full control over the side while retaining control over the business side. In 1914, the Athletics lost the 1914 World Series to the Miracle Braves in a four-game sweep, Mack traded, sold or released most of the teams star players soon after. In his book To Every Thing a Season, Bruce Kuklick points out there were suspicions that the As had thrown the Series, or at least laid down. Mack himself alluded to that years later, but debunked it

15.
Chicago Cubs
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The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team based in Chicago, Illinois. The Cubs compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the National League Central division. The team plays its games at Wrigley Field, located on the citys North Side. The Cubs are one of two league teams in Chicago, the other, the Chicago White Sox, is a member of the American League Central division. The Cubs, first known as the White Stockings, was a member of the NL in 1876. The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series, the 1906 Cubs won 116 games, finishing 116–36 and posting a modern-era record winning percentage of.763, before losing the World Series to the Chicago White Sox by four games to two. The Cubs won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, the 108-year drought was also the longest such occurrence in all major North American sports. Since the start of play in 1969, the Cubs have appeared in the postseason eight times through the 2016 season. The Cubs are known as the North Siders, a reference to the location of Wrigley Field within the city of Chicago, there is a divisional rivalry with the St. Louis Cardinals and also a newer rivalry with the Milwaukee Brewers. There is also a rivalry with the White Sox. The Cubs began play in 1876 as the Chicago White Stockings, joining the National League as a charter member. Owner William Hulbert signed multiple star players, such as pitcher Albert Spalding and infielders Ross Barnes, Deacon White, the White Stockings played their home games at West Side Grounds and quickly established themselves as one of the new leagues top teams. Spalding won forty-seven games and Barnes led the league in hitting at.429 as Chicago won the first ever National League pennant, which at the time was the games top prize. After back-to-back pennants in 1880 and 1881, Hulbert died, and Spalding, the White Stockings, with Anson acting as player-manager, captured their third consecutive pennant in 1882, and Anson established himself as the games first true superstar. In 1885 and 86, after winning N. L. pennants, both seasons resulted in match ups with the St. Louis Brown Stockings, with the clubs tying in 1885 and with St. Louis winning in 1886. This was the genesis of what would become one of the greatest rivalries in sports. In all, the Anson-led Chicago Base Ball Club won six National League pennants between 1876 and 1886. As a result, Chicagos club nickname transitioned, and by 1890 they had known as the Chicago Colts, or sometimes Ansons Colts

16.
MLB Most Valuable Player Award
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The Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award is an annual Major League Baseball award, given to one outstanding player in the American League and one in the National League. Since 1931, it has been awarded by the Baseball Writers Association of America, MVP voting takes place before the postseason, but the results are not announced until after the World Series. The BBWAA began by polling three writers in each city in 1938, reducing that number to two per league city in 1961. The BBWAA does not offer a definition of what most valuable means. First basemen, with 34 winners, have won the most MVPs among infielders, followed by second basemen, third basemen, of the 24 pitchers who have won the award,15 are right-handed while 9 are left-handed. Walter Johnson, Carl Hubbell, and Hal Newhouser are the pitchers who have won multiple times. Barry Bonds has won the most often and the most consecutively, jimmie Foxx was the first player to win multiple times,9 players have won three times, and 19 have won twice. Frank Robinson is the player to win the award in both the American and National Leagues. The awards only tie occurred in the National League in 1979, there have been 18 unanimous winners, who received all the first-place votes. The New York Yankees have the most winning players with 22, the award has never been presented to a member of the following four teams, Arizona Diamondbacks, Miami Marlins, New York Mets, and Tampa Bay Rays. The most recent recipients are Mike Trout in the American League, in recent decades, pitchers have rarely won the award. When Justin Verlander won the AL award in 2011, he became the first pitcher in league to be named the MVP since Dennis Eckersley in 1992. Verlander also became the first starting pitcher to win this award since Roger Clemens had accomplished the feat in 1986. The National League went even longer without an MVP award to a pitcher—after Bob Gibson won in 1968, the 1910 race for best average in the American League was between the Detroit Tigers widely disliked Ty Cobb and Nap Lajoie of the Cleveland Indians. On the last day of the season, Lajoie overtook Cobbs batting average with seven bunt hits against the St. Louis Browns, American League President Ban Johnson said a recalculation showed that Cobb had won the race anyway, and Chalmers ended up awarding cars to both players. The following season, Chalmers created the Chalmers Award, a committee of baseball writers were to convene after the season to determine the most important and useful player to the club and to the league. Since the award was not as effective at advertising as Chalmers had hoped, in 1922 the American League created a new award to honor the baseball player who is of the greatest all-around service to his club. Winners, voted on by a committee of eight baseball writers chaired by James Crusinberry, received a bronze medal, voters were required to select one player from each team and player-coaches and prior award winners were ineligible

17.
Rogers Hornsby
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Rogers Hornsby, Sr. nicknamed The Rajah, was an American baseball infielder, manager, and coach who played 23 seasons in Major League Baseball. He played for the St. Louis Cardinals, New York Giants, Boston Braves, Chicago Cubs, Hornsby had 2,930 hits and 301 home runs in his career, his career.358 batting average is second only to Ty Cobbs average. He was named the National League s Most Valuable Player twice, born and raised in Texas, Hornsby played for several semi-professional and minor league teams. After that season, he spent one season with the New York Giants and he played with the Cubs for four years and won his second MVP Award before the team released him in 1932. Hornsby re-signed with the Cardinals in 1933, but was released partway through the season and was picked up by the St. Louis Browns and he remained there until his final season in 1937. From 1925 to 1937, Hornsby was intermittently his own manager, after retiring as a player, he managed the Browns in 1952 and the Cincinnati Reds from 1952 to 1953. Hornsby is one of the best hitters of all time and his career batting average of.358 is second only to Ty Cobb, at.367, in MLB history. He also won two Triple Crowns and batted.400 or more three times during his career and he is the only player to hit 40 home runs and bat.400 in the same year. His batting average for the 1924 season was.424, a mark that no player has matched since and he was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1942 and the St. Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame in 2014. Hornsby married three times, in 1918,1924, and 1957, and had two children, one each of his first two marriages. Known as someone who was difficult to get along with, he was not at all well-liked by his fellow players and he never smoked, drank, or went to the movies, but frequently gambled on horse races during his career. Hornsby was born in Winters, Texas, the last of Ed, when Hornsby was two years old, his father died of unknown causes. Four years later, the surviving Hornsbys moved to Fort Worth, Texas, Hornsby started playing baseball at a very young age, he once said, I cant remember anything that happened before I had a baseball in my hand. He took a job with the Swift and Company meat industry plant as a boy when he was 10 years old. By the age of 15, Hornsby was already playing for several semi-professional teams and he also played baseball for North Side High School until 10th grade, when he dropped out to take a full-time job at Swift and Company. While he was in school, Hornsby also played on the football team. In 1914, Hornsbys older brother Everett, a minor league player for many years. He made the team, but did not play in any games for the Steers, following his dismissal, he signed with the Hugo Scouts of the Class D Texas–Oklahoma League as their shortstop for $75 per month

18.
American League
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The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs, or simply the American League, is one of two leagues that make up Major League Baseball in the United States and Canada. It developed from the Western League, a league based in the Great Lakes states. It is sometimes called the Junior Circuit because it claimed Major League status for the 1901 season,25 years after the formation of the National League. At the end of season, the American League champion plays in the World Series against the National League champion. Through 2016, American League teams have won 64 of the 112 World Series played since 1903, the 2016 American League champions are the Cleveland Indians. The New York Yankees have won 40 American League titles, the most in the history, followed by the Philadelphia/Kansas City/Oakland Athletics. Originally a minor league known as the Western League, the American League later developed into a major league after the American Association disbanded, in its early history, the Western League struggled until 1894, when Ban Johnson became the president of the league. Johnson led the Western League into major league status and soon became the president of the newly renamed American League, babe Ruth, noted as one of the most prolific hitters in Major League Baseball history, spent the majority of his career in the American League. The American League has one notable difference versus the National League, in 1902, the Milwaukee Brewers moved to St. Louis and were renamed the St. Louis Browns. In 1902, The Cleveland Bluebirds were also renamed the Cleveland Broncos, in 1903, the Broncos were renamed the Cleveland Naps. In 1915, the Naps were renamed the Cleveland Indians, in 1903, the Baltimore Orioles moved to New York and were renamed the New York Highlanders. In 1913, the Highlanders were renamed the New York Yankees, in 1904, the Chicago White Stockings were renamed the Chicago White Sox. In 1908, the Boston Americans were renamed the Boston Red Sox, in 1954, the St. Louis Browns moved to Baltimore and were renamed as the Baltimore Orioles. In 1955, the Philadelphia Athletics moved to Kansas City and were renamed as the Kansas City Athletics, in 1961, the league expanded and added two teams as the Los Angeles Angels and the Washington Senators, expanding the league to 10 teams. The original Senators team moved to Minneapolis/St, Paul in 1961 and were renamed as the Minnesota Twins. The Angels team name changed to the California Angels in 1966, then to the Anaheim Angels in 1997, the Kansas City Royals and the Seattle Pilots were added to the American League, expanding the league to 12 teams. In 1970, the Seattle Pilots moved to Milwaukee and were renamed the Milwaukee Brewers, in 1972, the Washington Senators relocated to the Dallas/Fort Worth area and were renamed the Texas Rangers. In 1977, the league expanded to fourteen teams, when the Seattle Mariners, in 1998, the Tampa Bay Rays was added to the American League and at the same time, the Milwaukee Brewers were switched to the National League, leaving the American League with 14 teams

19.
National League
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Both leagues currently have 15 teams. The two league champions of 1903 arranged to compete against each other in the inaugural World Series, after the 1904 champions failed to reach a similar agreement, the two leagues formalized the World Series as an arrangement between the leagues. National League teams have won 48 of the 112 World Series contested from 1903 to 2016, the 2016 National League champions are the Chicago Cubs. By 1875, the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players was dangerously weak, additionally, Hulbert had a problem—five of his star players were threatened with expulsion from the NAPBBP because Hulbert had signed them to his club using what were considered questionable means. Hulbert had a vested interest in creating his own league. After recruiting St. Louis privately, four western clubs met in Louisville, Kentucky, Boston Red Stockings, the dominant team in the N. A. Hartford Dark Blues from the N. A. Mutual of New York from the N. A. St. Louis Brown Stockings from the N. A, the only strong club from 1875 excluded in 1876 was a second one in Philadelphia, often called the White Stockings or Phillies. The first game in National League history was played on April 22,1876, at Philadelphias Jefferson Street Grounds, 25th & Jefferson, the new leagues authority was tested after the first season. The National League operated with six clubs during 1877 and 1878, over the next several years, various teams joined and left the struggling league. By 1880, six of the eight members had folded. The two remaining original NL franchises, Boston and Chicago, remain in operation today as the Atlanta Braves, in 1883 the New York Gothams and Philadelphia Phillies began National League play. Both teams remain in the NL today, the Phillies in their original city, the NL encountered its first strong rival organization when the American Association began play in 1882. The A. A. played in cities where the NL did not have teams, offered Sunday games and alcoholic beverages in locales where permitted, the National League and the American Association participated in a version of the World Series seven times during their ten-year coexistence. These contests were less organized than the modern Series, lasting as few as three games and as many as fifteen, with two Series ending in disputed ties, the NL won four times and the A. A. only once, in 1886. Starting with the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1887, the National League began to raid the American Association for franchises to replace NL teams that folded and this undercut the stability of the A. A. Other new leagues that rose to compete with the National League were the Union Association, the Union Association was established in 1884 and folded after playing only one season, its league champion St. Louis Maroons joining the NL. The NL suffered many defections of star players to the Players League, the Brooklyn, Chicago, Pittsburgh, and New York franchises of the NL absorbed their Players League counterparts. The labor strife of 1890 hastened the downfall of the American Association, after the 1891 season, the A. A. disbanded and merged with the NL, which became known legally for the next decade as the National League and American Association

20.
Batting average (baseball)
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Batting average is a statistic in cricket, baseball, and softball that measures the performance of batsmen in cricket and batters in baseball. The development of the statistic was influenced by the cricket statistic. In cricket, a batting average is the total number of runs they have scored divided by the number of times they have been out. The number is also simple to interpret intuitively, if all the batsmans innings were completed, this is the average number of runs they score per innings. If they did not complete all their innings, this number is an estimate of the average number of runs they score per innings. Batting average has been used to gauge cricket players relative skills since the 18th century, most players have career batting averages in the range of 20 to 40. This is also the range for wicket-keepers, though some fall short. All-rounders who are more prominent bowlers than batsmen typically average something between 20 and 30,15 and under is typical for specialist bowlers. Under this qualification, the highest Test batting average belongs to Australias Sir Donald Bradman, given that a career batting average over 50 is exceptional, and that only four other players have averages over 60, this is an outstanding statistic. The fact that Bradmans average is so far above that of any other cricketer has led several statisticians to argue that, statistically at least, he was the greatest sportsman in any sport. As at 21 October 2016, Adam Voges of Australia has recorded an average of 72.75 from 27 innings played and it should also be remembered, especially in relation to the ODI histogram above, that there were no ODI competitions when Bradman played. If their scores have a geometric distribution then total number of runs scored divided by the number of times out is the maximum likelihood estimate of their true unknown average, Batting averages can be strongly affected by the number of not outs. A different, and more developed, statistic which is also used to gauge the effectiveness of batsmen is the strike rate. It measures a different concept however – how quickly the batsman scores – so it does not supplant the role of batting average and it is used particularly in limited overs matches, where the speed at which a batsman scores is more important than it is in first-class cricket. Table shows players with at least 20 innings completed, in baseball, the batting average is defined by the number of hits divided by at bats. It is usually reported to three places and read without the decimal, A player with a batting average of.300 is batting three-hundred. A point is understood, in only, to be.001. If necessary to break ties, batting averages could be taken beyond the.001 measurement, henry Chadwick, an English statistician raised on cricket, was an influential figure in the early history of baseball

21.
Lew Fonseca
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While not a power hitter, he hit for average and was a good contact hitter for most of his career. His success was short-lived, however, as he broke his arm in 1930, fonseca is perhaps best known as one of the first men to use film in analyzing baseball games and finding flaws in players. It is said that his interest with cameras began while shooting Slide, Kelly, as manager of the Chicago White Sox, he used film extensively. After retiring from playing the game, he was director of promotions for both leagues, fonseca was batting coach for the Chicago Cubs for many years, until quite late in life. His daughter Carolynn was an actress who worked mostly out of Rome. Fonseca died in Ely, Iowa at age 90, one month after the Loma Prieta earthquake hit near his birthplace of Oakland, List of Major League Baseball batting champions List of Major League Baseball player–managers Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference

22.
Lefty O'Doul
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Born in San Francisco, California, ODoul began his professional career as a left-handed pitcher with the minor-league San Francisco Seals of the Triple-A Pacific Coast League. He had some success with the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox from 1919 to 1923 as a reliever. He pitched in one game on July 7,1923 that would go down in the record books. Relieving for starter Curt Fullerton, ODoul gave up 16 runs over 3 innings of relief, following the season, ODoul developed a sore arm, which forced him to give up pitching. After the 1923 season, the New York Giants returned ODoul to the Pacific Coast League, where he was converted to a power-hitting outfielder. In 1927 he became one of what are today four Pacific Coast League hitters to have had a 30 home runs,30 stolen bases season, along with Joc Pederson, Frank Demaree, and Hall of Famer Tony Lazzeri. ODoul returned to the majors in 1928, where he batted.319 as a platoon player and his hit total broke the previous National League record of 250 by Rogers Hornsby of the 1922 St. Louis Cardinals. The record was tied by Bill Terry in 1930, after batting.383 with 22 homers during the 1930 season, ODoul was traded to the Brooklyn Robins. In 1932, he batted.368 for Brooklyn to win another batting title. After a slow start in 1933, when he batted just.252 through 43 games, ODoul was again traded and he rallied to hit.306 the rest of the way that season, but played just one more year before ending his career in 1934. One of his accomplishments while managing the Seals was developing the young Joe DiMaggio. ODoul refused to credit for DiMaggios success, saying I was just smart enough to leave him alone. ODoul was instrumental in spreading baseballs popularity in Japan, serving as the goodwill ambassador before. ODoul was inducted into the San Francisco Bay Area Sports Hall of Fame in 1981 and he has the highest career batting average of any player eligible for the National Baseball Hall of Fame who is not enshrined. ODouls fame and popularity live on in his hometown of San Francisco and are enhanced by the fact that his team now thrives as the San Francisco Giants. The popular hofbrau-style restaurant and bar he founded still operates as Lefty ODouls Restaurant and Cocktail Lounge on Geary Boulevard, a bridge over McCovey Cove, near the Giants home field of AT&T Park, is named the Lefty ODoul Bridge in his honor. Accordingly, the plaza and gate entrance adjacent to the bridge are also named after ODoul. List of Major League Baseball batting champions American expatriate baseball players in Japan Leutzinger, Lefty ODoul and the Development of Japanese Baseball

23.
Home run
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In modern baseball, the feat is typically achieved by hitting the ball over the outfield fence between the foul poles without first touching the ground, resulting in an automatic home run. There is also the home run, increasingly rare in modern baseball. When a home run is scored, the batter is credited with a hit and a run scored. Likewise, the pitcher is recorded as having given up a hit, a batted ball is also a home run if it touches either foul pole or its attached screen before touching the ground, as the foul poles are by definition in fair territory. A batted ball that goes over the wall after touching the ground is not a home run. A fielder is allowed to reach over the wall to attempt to catch the ball as long as his feet are on or over the field during the attempt. If the fielder successfully catches the ball while it is in flight the batter is out, however, since the fielder is not part of the field, a ball that bounces off a fielder and over the wall without touching the ground is still a home run. A home run accomplished in any of the above manners is a home run. This stipulation is in Approved Ruling of Rule 7.10, an inside-the-park home run occurs when a batter hits the ball into play and is able to circle the bases before the fielders can put him out. Unlike with a home run, the batter-runner and all preceding runners are liable to be put out by the defensive team at any time while running the bases. This can only happen if the ball does not leave the ballfield, with outfields much less spacious and more uniformly designed than in the games early days, inside-the-park home runs are now a rarity. They are usually the result of a ball being hit by a very fast runner, either way, this sends the ball into open space in the outfield and thereby allows the batter-runner to circle the bases before the defensive team can put him out. The speed of the runner is crucial as even triples are relatively rare in most modern ballparks, all runs scored on such a play, however, still count. An example of an unexpected bounce occurred during the 2007 Major League Baseball All-Star Game at AT&T Park in San Francisco on July 10,2007, by the time the ball was relayed, Ichiro had already crossed the plate standing up. This was the first inside-the-park home run in All-Star Game history, Home runs are often characterized by the number of runners on base at the time. A home run hit with the bases empty is seldom called a one-run homer, with one runner on base, two runs are scored and thus the home run is often called a two-run homer or two-run shot. Similarly, a home runs with two runners on base is a three-run homer or three-run shot, the term four-run homer is seldom used, instead, it is nearly always called a grand slam. Hitting a grand slam is the best possible result for the turn at bat

24.
Babe Ruth
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George Herman Babe Ruth Jr. was an American professional baseball player whose career in Major League Baseball spanned 22 seasons, from 1914 through 1935. Ruth established many MLB batting records, including home runs, runs batted in, bases on balls, slugging percentage, and on-base plus slugging. Ruth is regarded as one of the greatest sports heroes in American culture and is considered by many to be the greatest baseball player of all time, in 1936, Ruth was elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame as one of its first five inaugural members. At age seven, Ruth was sent to St, in 1914, Ruth was signed to play minor-league baseball for the Baltimore Orioles but was soon sold to the Red Sox. By 1916, he had built a reputation as a pitcher who sometimes hit long home runs. With regular playing time, he broke the MLB single-season home run record in 1919, after that season, Red Sox owner Harry Frazee sold Ruth to the Yankees amid controversy. The trade fueled Bostons subsequent 86 year championship drought and popularized the Curse of the Bambino superstition, in his 15 years with New York, Ruth helped the Yankees win seven American League championships and four World Series championships. As part of the Yankees vaunted Murderers Row lineup of 1927, Ruth hit 60 home runs and he retired in 1935 after a short stint with the Boston Braves. During his career, Ruth led the AL in home runs during a season twelve times, Ruths legendary power and charismatic personality made him a larger-than-life figure in the Roaring Twenties. During his career, he was the target of press and public attention for his baseball exploits. His often reckless lifestyle was tempered by his willingness to do good by visiting children at hospitals, after his retirement as a player, he was denied a managerial job in baseball, most likely due to poor behavior during parts of his playing career. In his final years, Ruth made many appearances, especially in support of American efforts in World War II. In 1946, he became ill with cancer, and died two years later, George Herman Ruth Jr. was born in 1895 at 216 Emory Street in Pigtown, a working-class section of Baltimore, Maryland, named for its meat-packing plants. Its population included recent immigrants from Ireland, Germany and Italy, Ruths parents, George Herman Ruth, Sr. and Katherine Schamberger, were both of German American ancestry. According to the 1880 census, his parents were born in Maryland, the paternal grandparents of Ruth, Sr. were from Prussia and Hanover. Ruth, Sr. had a series of jobs, including lightning rod salesman and streetcar operator, before becoming a counterman in a combination grocery. George Ruth Jr. was born in the house of his grandfather, Pius Schamberger. Only one of young Georges seven siblings, his younger sister Mamie, many details of Ruths childhood are unknown, including the date of his parents marriage

25.
Chuck Klein
–
Charles Herbert Chuck Klein, nicknamed the Hoosier Hammer, was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as an outfielder for the Philadelphia Phillies, Chicago Cubs and he was one of the most prodigious National League sluggers in the late 1920s and early 1930s. He became the first baseball player to be named to the All-Star Game as a member of two different teams, Klein was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, and was known as the Hoosier Hammer. He worked in a mill in his youth and played semipro baseball on his own time. The St. Louis Cardinals noticed his talent and signed him to a minor-league contract and he worked his way up to the Cardinals farm team in Fort Wayne. After hitting 26 homers in 88 games in 1928, Klein was slated to be called up to St. Louis midway through the season. However, Baseball Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis discovered that the Cardinals owned a team in Dayton, Landis ordered the Cardinals to sell off the Fort Wayne team and give up the rights to its players. The Phillies outbid the New York Yankees for Kleins services, Klein won the NL home run title in 1929, his first full year in the majors. However, he was helped along by his teammates on the last day of the season, in this game, the Phillies faced the New York Giants. The Giants star slugger, Mel Ott, was tied with Klein for the lead with 42, in the first game, Klein homered to put him one ahead of Ott, who was held to a single. In the second game, the Phillies pitchers walked Ott five straight times, in 1930, Klein enjoyed one of the best offensive years in baseball history, batting.386 with 250 hits and 158 runs scored, all career highs. He also set career bests and still-standing Phillies records with 59 doubles,170 runs batted in, no player has had as many total bases in a season since. His 107 extra-base hits that year are a National League record, along with his batting prowess, Klein was also a superb defensive right fielder who still holds the single-season mark with 44 assists in 1930. In 1932, Klein led the NL in both runs and stolen bases. No player since has led the league in both categories in the same year, in 1933 Klein won the Triple Crown, though Carl Hubbell took MVP honors. On July 6 of that year, he became the first Phillies player ever to bat in an All-Star Game. Traded to the Cubs for the 1934 season, Klein was a disappointment in Chicago by his previous standards, even so, he hit 20 and 21 HRs in two seasons and batted.301 and.293. These were far below the numbers he posted in Philadelphia, leading to claims that Klein would not have hit nearly as many homers had he not played in notoriously hitter-friendly Baker Bowl, the Phillies reacquired him two years later

26.
Al Simmons
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Aloysius Harry Simmons, born Aloisius Szymanski, was an American baseball player. Nicknamed Bucketfoot Al, he played for two decades in Major League Baseball as an outfielder and had his best years with Connie Macks Philadelphia Athletics during the 1930s. He also played with the Chicago White Sox, Detroit Tigers, Washington Senators, Boston Braves, Cincinnati Reds, after his playing career ended, Simmons served as a coach for the Athletics and the Cleveland Indians. Simmons was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953 and he died of a heart attack three years later. Simmons was born in Milwaukee and grew up as a fan of the Philadelphia Athletics, in the fourth grade, he received a spanking from his father for insisting that he wanted to play professional baseball. When he persisted in asserting his desire to be a baseball player, Simmons was known by his birth last name until he was playing for a local minor league team and he tired of hearing people mispronounce it. He saw an advertisement for a company named Simmons Hardware and decided to take on the last name of Simmons, in his second season with Philadelphia, Simmons led the AL with 253 hits with a.387 batting average,24 home runs and 129 runs batted in. He scored 122 runs, hit 43 doubles, and finished with a.599 slugging percentage and he earned the second-most votes for the leagues Most Valuable Player Award. In the following three seasons, he hit.341.392 and.351 and drove in 109,108 and 107 runs in those years, while finishing fifth in 1926 MVP voting. Simmons led the As to the AL pennant in 1929 as Philadelphia went 104–46, the As went on to defeat the Chicago Cubs in five games to win the World Series. That season he hit.365 with 34 home runs and led the AL with 157 RBI and he also scored 114 runs, had 212 hits with 41 doubles and a.642 slugging percentage. In his first World Series Simmons batted.300 with 2 home runs,5 RBIs and scored 6 runs. Simmons best year as a player was in 1930, when he won his first of successive batting titles and he had a slugging percentage of.708, drove in 165 runs and scored 152 runs in 138 games. The As won the AL pennant again, going 102–52, in that World Series, Simmons batted.364 with 2 home runs,4 RBI with a.727 slugging percentage. In 1931, the As won their third straight AL pennant, by 13.5 games over the Yankees, going 107–45. Simmons won his second batting title, hitting.390 with 22 home runs,128 RBI,100 runs scored,200 hits,37 doubles,13 triples and he finished third in AL MVP voting behind the MVP and the Yankees Lou Gehrig. The As were upset in their quest for a third consecutive World Series title, Simmons hit.333 with 2 home runs and 8 RBI in the series. In a final season with Philadelphia, Simmons led the AL with 216 hits and he batted.322, with 35 home runs,151 RBIs and 144 runs scored in 1932

27.
Hack Wilson
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Lewis Robert Wilson was an American Major League Baseball player who played 12 seasons for the New York Giants, Chicago Cubs, Brooklyn Dodgers and Philadelphia Phillies. Despite his diminutive stature, he was one of the most accomplished hitters in the game during the late 1920s. His 1930 season with the Cubs is widely considered one of the most memorable individual single-season hitting performances in baseball history, highlights included 56 home runs, the National League record for 68 years, and 191 runs batted in, a mark yet to be surpassed. For a brief span of a few years, wrote a sportswriter of the day and he was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1979. Lewis Robert Wilson was born April 26,1900, in the Pennsylvania steel mill town of Ellwood City and his mother, Jennie Kaughn,16, was an unemployed drifter from Philadelphia, his father, Robert Wilson,24, was a steel worker. His parents never married, both were heavy drinkers, and in 1907 his mother died of appendicitis at the age of 24, in 1916 Lewis left school to take a job at a locomotive factory, swinging a sledge hammer for four dollars a week. Although only five feet six inches tall, he weighed 195 pounds with an 18-inch neck, sportswriter Shirley Povich later observed that he was built along the lines of a beer keg, and was not wholly unfamiliar with its contents. While his unusual physique was considered an oddity at the time, his head, tiny feet, short legs and broad. In 1921 Wilson moved to Martinsburg, West Virginia, to join the Martinsburg Mountaineers of the Class D Blue Ridge League, after breaking his leg while sliding into home plate during his first professional game, he was moved from the catchers position to the outfield. In 1922 he met Virginia Riddleburger, a 34-year-old office clerk, in 1923, playing for the B division Portsmouth Truckers, he led the Virginia League in hitting with a.388 batting average. Late in the season, New York Giants manager John McGraw purchased his contract from Portsmouth for $10,500, Wilson made his major league debut with the Giants on September 29,1923 and became the starting left fielder the following season. By mid-July he was ranked second in the National League in hitting and he ended the season with a.295 average,10 home runs, and 57 runs batted in as New York won the NL pennant. In the 1924 World Series he averaged only.233 in a loss to the Washington Senators. In another version, McGraw is said to have remarked that Wilsons physique was reminiscent of a hack, Giants teammate Bill Cunningham claimed that the nickname was based on Wilsons resemblance to Hack Miller, an outfielder with the Chicago Cubs. The New York Times printed the first documented usage of Hack on June 10,1924. Early in the 1925 season Wilson hit the longest home run on record at Ebbets Field against the Brooklyn Robins, but fell into a slump in May, and was replaced in left field by Irish Meusel. On July 2 he hit two home runs in one inning, tying Ken Williams major league record set in 1922, but his hitting slump continued. In August McGraw told reporters that he had. made the mistake of rushing along, and sent him to the Giants minor league affiliate, the Toledo Mud Hens of the American Association

28.
George Earnshaw
–
George Moose Earnshaw was a Major League Baseball pitcher. He played in parts of nine seasons with the Philadelphia Athletics, Chicago White Sox, Brooklyn Dodgers and he was the American League wins leader in 1929 with the As. For his career, he compiled a 127–93 record in 319 appearances, Earnshaw played on three American League pennant winners with the Athletics, winning the World Series in 1929 and 1930. George Livingston Earnshaw was born February 15,1900, in New York City and he grew to be 6 ft 4 in and 210 pounds. He was aggressive, threw hard, and threw strikes and his career covered nine years with a total of 127 victories, and over half of Earnshaws victories occurred during the As pennant winning years 1929–31. He won a total of four World Series games, starting eight games with five being complete games and he struck out 56 batters in 62 innings pitched and had an ERA for the three Series of 1.58. Connie Mack gave more credit to George Earnshaw for the Athletics 1930 World Series victory over the St. Louis Cardinals than any other player, Earnshaw did not reach the majors until he was 28 years old. A graduate of Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania, he was a star for the minor league Baltimore Orioles when Connie Mack purchased his contract in June 1928. That season, the As finished second in the American League, Moose had a record of 7–7 with a 3.85 ERA and 117 strikeouts in 158 innings pitched. It was in 1929 that Earnshaw and Lefty Grove began to dominate big league hitters, for the next three years, they were the only two pitchers on any one team to win 20 or more games. The 1929 season was Georges turn to shine and his 24 victories against 8 losses was the most in the majors, and his 149 strikeouts were second only to teammate Grove in the American League and third in the majors. His fastball being wild at times, Georges 125 walks were an American League high, by 1936, George Earnshaws career came to an end, ironically, playing with the St. Louis Cardinals and old nemesis Pepper Martin. Within a few years, George would become a Commander in the Navy in World War II, on December 1,1976, Earnshaw died in Little Rock, Arkansas. He currently ranks seventh in Athletics franchise history in winning percentage, babe Ruth once said of Earnshaw, I used to send a taxicab to the Almanac Hotel the day he was gonna pitch. I didnt want him to get lost on the way to the stadium

29.
Pat Malone
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Perce Leigh Malone was a pitcher in Major League Baseball who played from 1928 through 1937 for the Chicago Cubs and New York Yankees. Listed at 6 ft 0 in and 200 pounds, Malone batted left-handed and he was born in Altoona, Pennsylvania. Malone was outstanding in his first three Major League seasons, as a rookie, he compiled an 18–13 record for the third-place 1928 Chicago Cubs, striking out 155 opponents to finish second in the National League behind Dazzy Vance. As a sophomore, he led the NL pitchers with 22 wins,166 strikeouts and six shutouts and he was the Cub starting pitcher for Games 2 and 5 of the 29 Series and also worked in relief in Game 4. Again in 1930, he led the league with 20 wins and finished in place with 142 strikeouts, being surpassed only by Bill Hallahan. He also tied Erv Brame for the lead in complete games, the next four years Malone lowered his previous numbers, averaging 14 wins and 104 strikeouts for each year. He won 15 games for Chicago as it won another pennant and his only appearance in that Series came after Cub starter Charlie Root surrendered back-to-back home runs to Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig. At that point the Cubs brought in Malone, who threw 2.2 innings of scoreless relief, before the 1935 season, he was part of consecutive transactions between the Cubs, St. Louis Cardinals and New York Yankees. Moved to the bullpen by the Yankees, he collected 18 saves during three seasons, including an American League lead with nine saves in 1936, Malone won his only championship in the 1936 World Series. He recorded a save in Game 3 against the Giants, coming on in relief of Yankee starting pitcher Bump Hadley to nail down a 2-1 win, Malone was the hard-luck loser of Game 5. He worked four innings of relief, but the hit. It proved meaningless as the Yankees took Game 6 and the Series, a good-hitting pitcher, Malone recorded a.188 batting average with nine home runs and 61 RBI. According to the Elias Sports Bureau, he is one of two pitchers in modern era to hit at least one run in his first five Major League seasons. Malone was an alumnus of Juniata College and died in his hometown of Altoona at the age of 40, MLB wins champions MLB strikeout champions MLB saves champions Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference, or Fangraphs, or The Baseball Cube

30.
Earned run average
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In baseball statistics, earned run average is the mean of earned runs given up by a pitcher per nine innings pitched. It is determined by dividing the number of earned runs allowed by the number of innings pitched, runs resulting from defensive errors are recorded as unearned runs and omitted from ERA calculations. Henry Chadwick is credited with devising the statistic, which caught on as a measure of pitching effectiveness after relief pitching came into vogue in the 1900s. Some criterion was needed to capture the apportionment of earned-run responsibility for a pitcher in games that saw contributions from other pitchers for the same team, a pitcher is assessed an earned run for each run scored by a batter who reaches base while batting against that pitcher. The National League first tabulated official earned run average statistics in 1912, recently written baseball encyclopedias display ERAs for earlier years, but these were computed retroactively. Negro League pitchers are often rated by RA, or total runs allowed, as with batting average, the definition of a good ERA varies from year to year. During the dead-ball era of the 1900s and 1910s, an ERA below 2.00 was considered good, in the 1960s, sub-2.00 ERAs returned, as other influences such as ballparks with different dimensions were introduced. Today, an ERA under 4.00 is again considered good, the all-time record for the lowest single season earned run average by a pitcher pitching 300 or more innings is 1.12, set by Bob Gibson in 1968. The record for the lowest career earned run average is 1.82, held by Ed Walsh, but a purported record based on so few innings pitched is highly misleading. Over the years, more than a dozen part-time pitchers have pitched 105 or more innings and had a run average lower than 0.86. Some sources may list players with infinite ERAs and this can happen if a pitcher allows one or more earned runs without retiring a batter. Additionally, an undefined ERA occasionally occurs at the beginning of a baseball season and it is sometimes incorrectly displayed as zero or as the lowest ranking ERA, even though it is more akin to the highest. At times it can be misleading to judge relief pitchers solely on ERA, because they are charged only for runs scored by batters who reached base while batting against them. Thus, if a pitcher enters the game with his team leading by 1 run, with 2 outs and the bases loaded. If he retires the batter, his ERA for that game will be 0.00 despite having surrendered the lead. Starting pitchers operate under the rules but are not called upon to start pitching with runners already on base. The relievers freedom to use their energy for a few innings, or even for just a few batters. ERA, taken by itself, can also be misleading when trying to objectively judge starting pitchers, the advent of the designated hitter rule in the American League in 1973 made the pitching environment significantly different

Baseball
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Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each, who take turns batting and fielding. A run is scored when a player advances around the bases, Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways. A player on t

1.
A baseball game at Angel Stadium in Anaheim, CA

2.
Alexander Cartwright, father of modern baseball

3.
The New York Giants baseball team, 1913. Fred Merkle, sixth in line, committed a baserunning gaffe in a crucial 1908 game that became famous as Merkle's Boner.

4.
Babe Ruth in 1920, the year he joined the New York Yankees

1929
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This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War a Catholic counter-revolution in Mexico, the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, a British high court, ruled that

1.
February 26: Grand Teton National Park.

2.
The Wall Street Crash of 1929, the beginning of the Great Depression

3.
Sergio Leone

4.
Martin Luther King Jr.

1920 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1920 throughout the world. Won-loss records were reported due to lack of interest by the press mainly in New York. Bacharach claimed the pennant, although Hilldale disputed it, january 3 – The New York Yankees purchase outfielder Babe Ruth from the Boston Red Sox for $100,000. February 13 – A meetin

1.
Fans line up for hot dogs at Ebbets Field.

1924 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1924 throughout the world. The contest between the Boston Braves and Philadelphia Phillies at the Baker Bowl ends in a 6-6 tie, april 16 – Earle Combs makes his major league debut pinch hitting for Sad Sam Jones in the New York Yankees 9-6 loss to the Boston Red Sox. May 31 – Red Ruffing gives up fi

1930 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1930 throughout the world. World Series, Philadelphia Athletics over St. Louis Cardinals None 1Single season record for RBIs †Louisville was not in the league, St. Louis won the first half, Detroit won the second half. St. Louis beat Detroit 4 games to 3 games in a play-off, a loose confederation of

1.
Hank Greenberg, Hall of Famer and 2-time MVP

1935 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1935 throughout the world. The Complete Book of Baseballs Negro Leagues, The Other Half of Baseball History, fern Park, Florida, Hastings House Publishers. Post-season, Pittsburgh won one half, New York won one half, Pittsburgh beat New York 5 games to 2 games in a play-off. January 19 – The St. Lou

1.
Hank Greenberg, Hall of Famer and 2-time MVP

1936 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1936 throughout the world. January 6 – New York Giants President Charles A. Stoneham dies of Brights disease and he was the last surviving member of the trio that purchased the team in 1919. His son, Horace Stoneham, is elected the new president. Stoneham‚ 32‚ will remain president for the next 40 y

1.
Hank Greenberg, Hall of Famer and 2-time MVP

1938 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1938 throughout the world. Memphis beat Atlanta 2 games to 0 games in a contested play-off that was declared no contest after 2 games, February 10 – The St. Louis Browns trade Rollie Hemsley to the Cleveland Indians for Ed Cole, Roy Hughes and Billy Sullivan. March 6 – The Philadelphia Phillies trad

1.
Hank Greenberg, Hall of Famer and 2-time MVP

1939 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1939 throughout the world. On May 17,1939, Princeton University and Columbia University played the first televised baseball game, on August 26, the Cincinnati Reds and the Brooklyn Dodgers played the first televised Major League Baseball game. In this year, the Cuban Baseball Hall of Fame inducted i

1.
Barney Pelty

1929 in architecture
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The year 1929 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings. September 7 – Ceremony to lay the foundation stone for the new Palace of Nations in Geneva, november 18 – Ceremony to break the ground for the Umaid Bhawan Palace in Jodhpur, India, designed by Henry Vaughan Lanchester. Plan of White City in Mandatory Pa

1.
Van Nelle Factory, Rotterdam

2.
Paimio Sanatorium interior

1929 in literature
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This article presents lists of the literary events and publications in 1929. February–August – Voltaires Candide is held to be obscene by the United States Customs Service in Boston, february – The first of Margery Allinghams crime novels to feature Albert Campion, The Crime at Black Dudley, is published in England. April 1 – The Faber and Faber pu

1.
1st ed.

1929 in music
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This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 1929. January 1 – Pianist and composer Abram Chasins makes his debut playing his own piano concerto with the Philadelphia Orchestra. January 11 – Karol Szymanowskis Stabat Mater is premiered, may 17 – Sergei Prokofievs Symphony No.3 is premiered in Paris. May 21 Season opening of

1.
Igor Stravinsky conducting in 1929

1929 World Series
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The 1929 World Series featured the Philadelphia Athletics and the Chicago Cubs. The Athletics beat the Cubs decisively in five games and it was the last occurrence of an inside-the-park home run in a World Series game until Game 1 of the 2015 World Series. Ehmke went on to start Game 5 but failed to get out of the inning, the bullpen. AL Philadelph

1.
1929 World Series

2.
President Herbert Hoover attends a game at Shibe Park

3.
1900s

Philadelphia Athletics
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The Oakland Athletics, a current Major League Baseball franchise, originated in Philadelphia. This article details the history of the Philadelphia Athletics, from 1901 to 1954, see also, Philadelphia Baseball Wall of Fame The Western League had been renamed the American League in 1900 by league president Bancroft Johnson, and declared itself the se

1.
Longtime manager Connie Mack, pictured in 1911.

2.
Philadelphia Athletics cap logo 1902–1954

Chicago Cubs
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The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team based in Chicago, Illinois. The Cubs compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the National League Central division. The team plays its games at Wrigley Field, located on the citys North Side. The Cubs are one of two league teams in Chicago, the other, the Chicago White Sox, is a membe

1.
The 1876 White Stockings won the N.L. Championship

2.
Team logo

3.
The 1906 Cubs won a record 116 of 154 games. They then won back-to-back World Series titles in 1907–08

4.
Club logo 1927 - 1936

MLB Most Valuable Player Award
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The Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award is an annual Major League Baseball award, given to one outstanding player in the American League and one in the National League. Since 1931, it has been awarded by the Baseball Writers Association of America, MVP voting takes place before the postseason, but the results are not announced until af

1.
The Most Valuable Player award

2.
Ty Cobb won the first American League Chalmers Award in 1911 and was at the center of the controversy over the previous season's award.

3.
Babe Ruth was ineligible for the award in his famous 1927 season by the rules of the American League award because he had previously won in 1923.

4.
Jimmie Foxx was the first player to win three MVP awards.

Rogers Hornsby
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Rogers Hornsby, Sr. nicknamed The Rajah, was an American baseball infielder, manager, and coach who played 23 seasons in Major League Baseball. He played for the St. Louis Cardinals, New York Giants, Boston Braves, Chicago Cubs, Hornsby had 2,930 hits and 301 home runs in his career, his career.358 batting average is second only to Ty Cobbs average

1.
Rogers Hornsby

2.
Rogers Hornsby with the St. Louis Cardinals in 1917

3.
Rogers Hornsby (pictured on a 1922 baseball card) takes a swing.

4.
Babe Ruth being tagged out at second base by Rogers Hornsby to register the final out of the 1926 World Series

American League
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The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs, or simply the American League, is one of two leagues that make up Major League Baseball in the United States and Canada. It developed from the Western League, a league based in the Great Lakes states. It is sometimes called the Junior Circuit because it claimed Major League status for the 1901 sea

National League
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Both leagues currently have 15 teams. The two league champions of 1903 arranged to compete against each other in the inaugural World Series, after the 1904 champions failed to reach a similar agreement, the two leagues formalized the World Series as an arrangement between the leagues. National League teams have won 48 of the 112 World Series contes

1.
Shea Stadium prior to the start of a New York Mets game in 2008. Shea had the best attendance in the National League that year, garnering over 53,000 fans per game on average.

2.
National League

Batting average (baseball)
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Batting average is a statistic in cricket, baseball, and softball that measures the performance of batsmen in cricket and batters in baseball. The development of the statistic was influenced by the cricket statistic. In cricket, a batting average is the total number of runs they have scored divided by the number of times they have been out. The num

Lew Fonseca
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While not a power hitter, he hit for average and was a good contact hitter for most of his career. His success was short-lived, however, as he broke his arm in 1930, fonseca is perhaps best known as one of the first men to use film in analyzing baseball games and finding flaws in players. It is said that his interest with cameras began while shooti

1.
Lew Fonseca

Lefty O'Doul
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Born in San Francisco, California, ODoul began his professional career as a left-handed pitcher with the minor-league San Francisco Seals of the Triple-A Pacific Coast League. He had some success with the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox from 1919 to 1923 as a reliever. He pitched in one game on July 7,1923 that would go down in the record books

1.
Lefty O'Doul

Home run
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In modern baseball, the feat is typically achieved by hitting the ball over the outfield fence between the foul poles without first touching the ground, resulting in an automatic home run. There is also the home run, increasingly rare in modern baseball. When a home run is scored, the batter is credited with a hit and a run scored. Likewise, the pi

1.
Barry Bonds holds the all-time homerun record in Major League Baseball

3.
The Polo Grounds left field foul line with guide rope, as seen from upper deck, 1917

Babe Ruth
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George Herman Babe Ruth Jr. was an American professional baseball player whose career in Major League Baseball spanned 22 seasons, from 1914 through 1935. Ruth established many MLB batting records, including home runs, runs batted in, bases on balls, slugging percentage, and on-base plus slugging. Ruth is regarded as one of the greatest sports hero

1.
Ruth in his New York Yankees uniform, in 1920

2.
Babe Ruth birthplace in Baltimore, Maryland

3.
Ruth (top row, center) at St. Mary's Industrial School for Boys in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1912

4.
Baseball card depicting Ruth as a Baltimore Oriole, 1914

Chuck Klein
–
Charles Herbert Chuck Klein, nicknamed the Hoosier Hammer, was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as an outfielder for the Philadelphia Phillies, Chicago Cubs and he was one of the most prodigious National League sluggers in the late 1920s and early 1930s. He became the first baseball player to be named to

1.
Chuck Klein

2.
Klein's 1933 Goudey baseball card

3.
Klein was inducted into the Philadelphia Baseball Wall of Fame in 1980.

Al Simmons
–
Aloysius Harry Simmons, born Aloisius Szymanski, was an American baseball player. Nicknamed Bucketfoot Al, he played for two decades in Major League Baseball as an outfielder and had his best years with Connie Macks Philadelphia Athletics during the 1930s. He also played with the Chicago White Sox, Detroit Tigers, Washington Senators, Boston Braves

1.
Al Simmons

Hack Wilson
–
Lewis Robert Wilson was an American Major League Baseball player who played 12 seasons for the New York Giants, Chicago Cubs, Brooklyn Dodgers and Philadelphia Phillies. Despite his diminutive stature, he was one of the most accomplished hitters in the game during the late 1920s. His 1930 season with the Cubs is widely considered one of the most me

1.
Hack Wilson

2.
Hack Wilson's grave marker, located in Rosedale Cemetery in Martinsburg, West Virginia.

George Earnshaw
–
George Moose Earnshaw was a Major League Baseball pitcher. He played in parts of nine seasons with the Philadelphia Athletics, Chicago White Sox, Brooklyn Dodgers and he was the American League wins leader in 1929 with the As. For his career, he compiled a 127–93 record in 319 appearances, Earnshaw played on three American League pennant winners wi

1.
George Earnshaw

Pat Malone
–
Perce Leigh Malone was a pitcher in Major League Baseball who played from 1928 through 1937 for the Chicago Cubs and New York Yankees. Listed at 6 ft 0 in and 200 pounds, Malone batted left-handed and he was born in Altoona, Pennsylvania. Malone was outstanding in his first three Major League seasons, as a rookie, he compiled an 18–13 record for th

1.
Pat Malone

Earned run average
–
In baseball statistics, earned run average is the mean of earned runs given up by a pitcher per nine innings pitched. It is determined by dividing the number of earned runs allowed by the number of innings pitched, runs resulting from defensive errors are recorded as unearned runs and omitted from ERA calculations. Henry Chadwick is credited with d

1.
The lowest career ERA is 1.82, set by Chicago White Sox pitcher Ed Walsh.