In response to questioning on the subject of public accommodation laws potentially taking precedent over Free Speech interests, Francisco argued that a baker could place a sign in his window that says his bakery does not provide custom-made cakes for same-sex couples.

The Trump administration’s underlying argument here is that custom-made cakes–as opposed to pre-made cakes–require speech by the baker.

Under Supreme Court precedent on the First Amendment, the government cannot compel speech. That proposition was originally found in the U.S. Constitution by way of the West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette case–which was brought by Jehovah’s Witnesses who refused to stand for the pledge of allegiance.

The State of Colorado and attorneys for the gay couple involved in the Masterpiece Cakeshop case have argued that cake-baking is actually not a form of speech, but rather simply the provision of a business service.

She rattled off a list of discriminatory treatment against gay people and then went on to note that public accommodation laws stand for the idea that civic community standards demand people not be denied service on the basis of their race, gender or religion–all of which are firm Constitutional principles endorsed by Supreme Court jurisprudence.

Sotomayor then said the same non-discrimination concept applies to sexual orientation as well.