Fluency Timed Reading

Assess reading fluency with two types of assessments. The first type of fluency assessment is a one-minute timed
reading of a passage to measure the number and accuracy of words read. There is a fluency passage for each level, F
through Z. The second type has a student perform a timed reading of a series of sentences and then answer true/false
statements about the sentences to show comprehension. There are three of these assessments, each with more difficult
sentences than the preceding one. View our Fluency Standards Table for additional information
about recommended reading rates.

Timed Reading Procedures

You will need:

Two copies of the assessment passageone for the student and one for the instructor

Stopwatch or clock

Pencil

Clipboard (so students will not see what you are writing)

Start timing when the student begins reading the first word of the passage (the student will not read the title).
If the student struggles for more than 3 to 5 seconds, say the word so she or he can keep reading. After one
minute, say "Stop," and circle the last word read.

Resist the impulse to correct errors immediately as mistakes and self-correction will be reflected in the score.
If the student becomes frustrated, stop the test. Say the student can retake the assessment after more reading
practice. Choose a passage at a lower level for the next practice session.

As you follow along on your copy, make a slash ( / ) through any words the student misses or cannot read without
help. Mark a dash above words skipped. Errors include:

Skipped words

Mispronounced words

Word substitutions, including incorrect forms of the word

Words in the wrong order; both or all words are counted as wrong

Struggling that lasts for 3 to 5 seconds, or more

The following are not considered misses:

Added words

Varying pronunciation due to accent, dialect, or speech impediment

Repetitions in which the wording is correct

Self-correcting a mistake; the word is scored as correct.

Timed Reading Scoring

Write the student's goal rate in the box provided.

Use the words-per-line totals in the margin to count the number of words read to
find the words per minute (WPM) rate. Write this number and the date in the chart at the bottom.

In the "Errors" line, record the number of mistakes (slashes) under Read 1 if this is the first reading,
Read 2 if it is the second reading, and so on.

Subtract the mistakes from the total number of words read to find the words correct per minute (WCPM).

Divide the words correct per minute (WCPM) by the words per minute (WPM) and multiply this result by 100. This is the
student's Accuracy/Reading Rate percentage.

Record this number in the box.

After about four to six readings, students should reach the target words-per-minute standard for their grade
level with an accuracy rate of 90 to 95 percent.

Example:

Words Per Minute: 80
Errors: 6

Words Correct Per Minute (WCPM):
80  6 = 74

Accuracy/Reading Rate percentage:
74/80 = 0.9
0.9 x 100 = 90%

Reading Sentence Procedures

The Reading Sentences forms are used as an additional comprehension check to ensure that students attend to both speed and meaning.

Select the form that is the best fit for the student's reading level.

Follow the Timed Reading Procedures when administering the assessment.

To score this assessment, divide the total number of sentences answered correctly by the total number of sentences read. Multiply by 100 to get a percentage.

The target score is 80% or more of sentences with a correct true or false answer.

As the Reading Sentences forms are an assessment of the student's comprehension of sentences in a timed reading environment, and the student is required to answer the questions, there is no target words-per-minute standard.