The Government of Colombia (GoC) has identified teenage pregnancy as a priority issue. The current strategic framework to address teenage pregnancy in Colombia is outlined in the CONPES 147, effective from February 2012 until March 2014.
... 更多显示 The CONPES 147 establishes a multi-sectoral framework that aims to address the determining factors of teenage pregnancy within Colombia (Box 1). The national strategy outlined in the CONPES 147 was piloted in 192 municipalities for youth ages 10 through 19. Building on this strategy, the Commission for the Guarantee of Sexual and Reproductive Rights is developing a new framework to guide the government’s policy and activities to address this important policy issue in the coming years. Parallel to its work on teenage pregnancy, the GoC released a national strategic framework to generate opportunities for Colombian youth in July 2014. The note includes an overview of the WDR 2012 gender equality framework and World Bank regional study on teenage pregnancy; outlines the Colombian country context with regard to gender equality and youth labor market outcomes; reviews interventions that develop life skills; and highlights how these interventions might be relevant to the GoC policies and programs related to teenage pregnancy prevention (CONPES 147) and youth labor (CONPES 173).
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The vision 2021 plan and the associated perspective plan 2010-2021, adopted by the Government of Bangladesh lay out a series of development targets for 2021.
... 更多显示 Among the core targets identified to monitor the progress toward the vision 2021 objectives is that of attaining a poverty headcount of 14 percent by 2021. The purpose of this paper is to answer the following question: given Bangladeshs performance in poverty reduction over the last decades, can the author expect the proportion of the countrys population living in poverty to be 14 percent by 2022? Using data from the last three household income and expenditures survey, we examine changes in poverty rates during 2000-2010, estimate net elasticity of poverty reduction to growth in per-capita expenditure, and then project poverty headcounts into the future. Our poverty projections based on the last three Household Income and Expenditure Surveys (HIES) surveys suggest that Bangladesh will achieve its Millennium Development Goal, or MDG goal of halving its poverty headcount to 28.5 percent by 2015 significantly ahead of schedule. Attaining the vision 2021 poverty target of 14 percent by 2021, however, is less certain as it requires a Gross Domestic Product, or GDP growth of at least 8 percent, or more than 2 percentage points higher than that observed in recent years.
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Throughout the 2000-2010 decade, Bangladesh experienced steady and strong gross domestic product (GDP) growth of nearly 6 percent per year on average.
... 更多显示 During this period, poverty rates also demonstrated an impressive steady improvement, falling by about 1.7 percentage points per year. Using data from the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES), a joint product of the Bangladesh bureau of statistics and the World Bank, this report shows that, while 49 percent of Bangladeshis were poor in 2000, this percentage had dropped to 31.5 by 2010. The analysis of the 2000-2010 periods presented in this report finds that poverty reduction was closely linked to growth in labor income and demographic changes. It also shows that the sources of income growth varied significantly between the first and the second halves of the 2000-2010 decade. While overall improvement in wellbeing was strong across all regions, poverty continues to be a substantial and stubborn problem in Bangladesh, where about 47 million people still live in poverty and 26 million people in extreme poverty. Moreover, poverty in rural areas continues to be relatively more pervasive and extreme than in urban areas, whereas urban areas remain relatively more unequal. The reports findings suggest that sustained poverty reduction moving forward will require coordinated multi-sectoral action. To maintain steady growth in jobs, it will be necessary to promote investments to raise agricultural productivity and also to promote growth in the demand for salaried work in manufacturing and services. Thus, Bangladesh will need both to cater more aggressively to the needs of the growing youth cohorts in the coming years and to begin preparations for aging-out of the demographic dividend. A continuation of the policies and programs that have proven successful, combined with improving safety nets and placing more emphasis on skills development and child nutrition, can prove a powerful formula for increasing human capital and further poverty reduction in the future.
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The purpose of this report is to document some of the aforementioned achievements over the 2000-2010 decade and to illustrate their collective impact on poverty in Bangladesh.
... 更多显示 Analysis is undertaken to identify which factors contributed to the rapid decline in poverty over time. The main limitation of this report is that the analysis is based on a limited number of data sources, which do not cover all aspects of the poverty reduction process. Nevertheless, to the extent possible, the analysis covers the key drivers of poverty reduction over what has been a remarkable decade for Bangladesh. The report is organized into four parts. Part one focuses on explaining poverty patterns observed over the 2000-2010 period, noting qualitative differences between the first and second half of the decade. The analysis in chapter one offers poverty projections based on survey data from this period. Chapter two describes some key characteristics of the poor. Using poverty decomposition methodology, part two identifies the main drivers of the poverty reduction experienced over the last decade. Chapter three shows that the two most important contributors to poverty reduction over the 2000-2010 periods were the growth of labor income and the declining dependency ratio. The remaining two chapters in this section focus on labor income and demographic factors to understand their respective linkages to poverty. The past few years have underscored the importance of global factors affecting country-level outcomes. However, the series of shocks that affected Bangladesh in 2007-2008 did not significantly slow down the speed of poverty reduction. In Chapters six and seven of part three, the report attempts to uncover some of the reasons underlying Bangladeshs resilience to these global shocks as well as the way in which poor households cope with seasonal shocks, which are a permanent feature of some rural parts of the country, namely Rangpur. Chapters eight and nine explore the role of safety nets and microfinance in helping households deal with shocks and poverty. In part four, chapter ten revisits one of the key findings of the World Bank poverty assessment of 2005 (published in 2008).
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