The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lighting device and a screen with which it is possible to obtain high lighting efficiency while maintaining high heat insulation performance, and produce a comfortable indoor environment. The lighting device according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with at least: a first part having a light transmission region (R1); a second part disposed at a distance from the first part, the second part having a light diffusion region (R2); and an internal space (K) formed between the first part and the second part.