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’Slay them not’: Twelfth-Century Christian-Jewish relations and the Glossed Psalms

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Linda Stone’s analysis of the anti-Jewish polemic present in three closely-linked twelfth-century Psalms glosses brings a new source to the study of medieval Christian-Jewish relations. She reveals how its presence, within the
parva,
media and
magna glosses compiled respectively, by Anselm of Laon, Gilbert of Poitiers and Peter Lombard, illuminates the various societal challenges facing the twelfth-century Church. She shows that, rather than a twelfth-century phenomenon, using such anti-Jewish terminology in Christian Psalms exegesis was a long-standing reflection of Christianity’s ambivalence towards Judaism. Moreover, demonstrating how her analysis of anti-Jewish terminology unravelled the Psalm glosses’ textual relationships, she suggests that analysis of its presence in other glossed books of the Bible could offer a further resource for uncovering their complexities.

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Biographical Note

Linda Stone, Ph.D. (2014), University of Cambridge is an Associate of Lucy Cavendish College, Cambridge. Her research was supervised by Professor Anna Sapir Abulafia, and has focussed primarily on the presence of anti-Jewish polemic in the
Glossa Ordinaria.

Table of contents

Contents

AcknowledgmentsAbbreviationsConventions

Introduction 1 The Jews and the Glossed Books – The Twelfth-century Context 1.1 The Uses of the Glossed Books of the Bible 1.2 The Compilers of the Glossed Books of the Bible 1.3 Anselm and the Psalms 1.4 Where are the parva Gloss Manuscripts? 1.5 Manuscripts and Psalms 2 Anti-Jewish Polemic in the Glossed Books of the Bible 2.1 The Historiography of Anti-Jewish Polemic in the Glossed Books of the Old Testament 2.2 The Historiography of Anti-Jewish Polemic in the Glossed Books of the New Testament 2.3 The Untapped Presence of Anti-Jewish Polemic in the Glossed Books of the Bible 3 The Glossed Psalms within the Framework of ­Pre-twelfth-century Anti-Jewish Polemic 3.1 The Glossators’ Sources 3.2 Selecting the Pre-twelfth-century Sources 3.3 Pre-Augustinian Anti-Jewish Polemic 3.4 Post-Augustinian Anti-Jewish Polemic 3.5 Carolingian Anti-Jewish Polemic 3.6 Eleventh-century Anti-Jewish Polemic 4 Anti-Jewish Polemic in the Twelfth-century Glossed Psalms 4.1 Augustine’s Concept of testimonium veritatisand the Psalm Glosses 4.2 Direct Anti-Jewish Polemic in the Psalm Glosses 4.3 Anti-Jewish Polemic as a Foil for Christianity 5 Emergent Ideas Regarding Jews in the Glosses on the Psalms 5.1 Emergent Twelfth-century Ideas Concerning the Jews 5.2 The Jews, the Glosses and Emerging New Ideas for Present-day ScholarshipConclusion

AppendixBibliographyIndex

Readership

Historians and others interested in medieval Christian-Jewish relations, the twelfth century,
Glossa Ordinaria, and the roles of Anselm of Laon, Gilbert of Poitiers and Peter Lombard in the Psalm glosses.