The increased current demand on the secondary will increase the current on the primary and being beyond the 36 VA rated capability of the transformer, it will overheat. It may fail with time running in that condition.
Miguel

Also if the transformer is struggling to provide the extra current it will be operating closer to magnetic saturation and if it goes into saturation really high currents will flow in the primary and it could fail catastrophically. One hopes it was designed with more margin of safety than that though.