The Sudbury Historical Commission, established by a special town meeting vote in 1968 and acting under Section 8D of Chapter 40 of the General Laws of the Commonwealth for the preservation, protection and development of the historical or archaeological assets of the Town, has jurisdiction over all aspects of historic buildings and structures, and properties currently owned by the town, or any such facilities that might be acquired. Currently these include the Hosmer House and Loring Parsonage, along with the Haynes Garrison site on Water Row, Revolutionary War Training Field on Old County Road and the Revolutionary War Cemetery in the center of town.

The Commission manages building use, occupancy and maintenance, and furnishings at the above facilities, and also serves as advocate for other historic groups and coordinates related programs. It is headquartered at Hosmer House which was given to the Town by Miss Florence Hosmer to honor her father. The building remains exclusively as a memorial to the Hosmer Family and houses a collection of their memorabilia, plus 497 of Miss Hosmer's paintings.

The Historical Commission is made up of 7 members, with special interest and knowledge of historical preservation, who are appointed by the Town Manager, subject to the approval of the Board of Selectmen.