Mira Ceti

Mira Ceti, also called Omicron Ceti, first variable star (apart from novae) to be discovered, lying in the southern constellationCetus, and the prototype of a class known as long-period variables, or Mira stars. There is some evidence that ancient Babylonian astronomers noticed its variable character. In a systematic study in 1638, a Dutch astronomer, Phocylides Holwarda, found that the star disappeared and reappeared in a varying cycle of about 330 days. It thus acquired the name Mira (from Latin: “Miraculous”). Its brightness varies from cycle to cycle, but generally it is about magnitude 3 at maximum light and magnitude 9 at minimum. Mira is a binary; the red giant primary has a faint bluish white companion. In 2006 the ultraviolet satellite observatory Galaxy Evolution Explorer discovered that Mira had shed material into a cometary tail 13 light-years in length. Mira is about 350 light-years from Earth.

Mira CetiMira Ceti, as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope.Margarita Karovska (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics) and NASA