..1% in women. Given that many previous studies in Japanese and Asian populations have associated a low body mass index with an increased risk of cancer, the impact of being underweight--not only obese--may warrant further investigation...

Validity of a self-administered food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and its generalizability to the estimation of dietary folate intake in Japan

..The objectives of our study were to 1) validate a FFQ for estimating folate intake, and to identify the foods that contribute to inter-individual variation of folate intake in the Japanese population...

Education level and physical functional limitations among Japanese community residents-gender difference in prognosis from stroke

..We sought to examine the association between education level and physical functional limitations among Japanese men and women, and whether that association was modified by gender and history of stroke...

Public awareness of risk factors for cancer among the Japanese general population: a population-based survey

..We conducted a case-control study to investigate the association between HCA intake and stomach cancer risk. We also investigated the possible effect of genetic polymorphisms of NAT2, CYP1A1, and CYP1A2 on stomach cancer...

..21, respectively). We found no remarkable difference for the other four polymorphisms. Our findings suggest that polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor beta gene may modify the association between isoflavone intake and breast cancer risk...

Daily total physical activity level and total cancer risk in men and women: results from a large-scale population-based cohort study in Japan

..By site, decreased risks were observed for cancers of the colon, liver, and pancreas in men and for cancer of the stomach in women. Increased daily physical activity may be beneficial in preventing cancer in a relatively lean population...

Combined impact of five lifestyle factors and subsequent risk of cancer: the Japan Public Health Center Study

..02) with colorectal cancer, although the other polymorphisms did not interact with any nutrient intake. In conclusion, the study did not support the existing hypothesis of gene-nutrient interaction in colorectal carcinogenesis...

Plasma levels of carotenoids, retinol and tocopherol and the risk of gastric cancer in Japan: a nested case-control study

..To clarify the possibility of a hereditary predisposition to lung cancer, we investigated the association between a family history of lung cancer and subsequent risk of lung cancer in a large-scale, population-based cohort study...

Dietary isoflavone intake, polymorphisms in the CYP17, CYP19, 17beta-HSD1, and SHBG genes, and risk of breast cancer in case-control studies in Japanese, Japanese Brazilians, and non-Japanese Brazilians

..06-0.77). We found no remarkable difference for the rs743572 and rs10046 polymorphisms. Our findings suggest that polymorphisms in the 17beta-HSD1 and SHBG genes may modify the association between isoflavone intake and breast cancer risk...

..50-3.34)]. Low BMI at age 20 years was substantially associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. In contrast, high recent BMI and subsequent BMI gain from age 20 were associated with increased risk of postmenopausal ER+PR+ tumors...

..However, data from general populations are sparse. We prospectively examined the association between cadmium exposure and incidence of cancer in a Japanese population with a relatively high dietary intake of cadmium...

..Cross-sectional studies have shown an association between different coping styles and suicidal behavior. It is unknown whether there is any prospective association between coping behaviors and suicide in the general population...

Impact of five modifiable lifestyle habits on the probability of cancer occurrence in a Japanese population-based cohort: results from the JPHC study

..The present work aims to provide 10-year estimates of the probability of cancer occurrence in the Japanese population based on age, sex, and the pattern of adherence to five healthy lifestyle habits...

Plasma isoflavone concentrations are not associated with gastric cancer risk among Japanese men and women

..15–3.66), respectively. In conclusion, cigarette smoking was confirmed as a risk factor for bladder cancer. Coffee and caffeine may be associated with an increased bladder cancer risk in never or former smokers among Japanese men...

..005). In conclusion, our results suggest that those who react strongly to inflammation or who have a high host immune response, as reflected by extremely elevated plasma levels of CRP and SAA, are at a high risk to develop gastric cancer...

Serum aminotransferase level and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a population-based cohort study in Japan

..This finding indicates that ALT level is a good independent determinant of the need for intervention. Clinical application of these findings may help decrease HCC-associated mortality in hepatitis virus-endemic regions...

Fish intake and type 2 diabetes in Japanese men and women: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study

..10-5.51). Strong effect modification was detected in heavy smokers. Our results suggest that heavy alcohol consumption together with heavy smoking may increase the risk of ESCC particularly in individuals with the flushing response...

..To investigate prospectively the association between colorectal cancer screening and subsequent risk of colorectal cancer death in a large-scale population-based cohort study (the JPHC study) with a 13-year follow-up period in Japan...

Alcohol drinking and primary liver cancer: a pooled analysis of four Japanese cohort studies

..59). In contrast, no statistically significant association was found for rectal cancer. These findings suggest that late age at first birth is associated with a reduced risk of colon cancer in postmenopausal Japanese women...

Association between polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferase Mu3 and IgG titer levels in serum against Helicobacter pylori

..However, the correlation between H. pylori and colorectal cancer (CRC) is controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between H. pylori, serum gastrin level, and atrophic gastritis with CRC...

Projected cancer mortality among Japanese males under different smoking prevalence scenarios: evidence for tobacco control goal setting

..15). Excessive alcohol intake was associated with an increase in the risk of breast cancer in this population. There was no statistical evidence for effect modification...

Alcohol drinking and colorectal cancer in Japanese: a pooled analysis of results from five cohort studies

Tetsuya MizoueDepartment of Epidemiology and International Health, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo, JapanAm J Epidemiol 167:1397-406. 2008

..An alcohol-colorectal cancer association seems to be more apparent in Japanese than in Western populations. Whether this difference can be ascribed to genetic or environmental factors needs to be clarified...

Passive smoking and lung cancer in Japanese non-smoking women: a prospective study

..21-2.55). Metabolic factors in the aggregate may have little impact on total cancer risk in the Japanese population, although the association between specific components and specific cancers suggests an etiologic link between them...

..The results of the present study suggest that patients with atrophic gastritis in conjunction with the hOGG1 Cys allele might have a higher susceptibility to gastric cancer...

Different etiological role of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in carcinogenesis between differentiated and undifferentiated gastric cancers: a nested case-control study using IgG titer against Hp surface antigen

..These associations persisted in histologic subtypes. Our findings support the idea that the healthy pattern decreased the risk of gastric cancer among females, while the traditional pattern increased the risk in both genders...

Impact of the revision of a nutrient database on the validity of a self-administered food frequency questionnaire (FFQ)

..Here, we investigated the effect of this revision of the nutrient database on the validity of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) used to estimate nutrient intake in the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective Study (JPHC Study)...

Psychological factors, coffee and risk of diabetes mellitus among middle-aged Japanese: a population-based prospective study in the JPHC study cohort