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What is the name given to the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an atom?

valence electrons

What is the basis of a metallic bond?

electrons are free to move from one positive ion to another

How many electrons are transferred from calcium to iodine when forming the compound calcium iodide?

2 electrons

under what conditions can potassium bromide conduct electricity?

when an ionic compound dissolves in water or is heated to the molten state, the cations and anions are free to move and conduct electricity

What is the electron configuration of the oxide ion (O^2-)

use the arrow chart---remember that the oxygen has gained 2 additional electrons

An ionic bond is a bond between _______________.

anions and cations

How many electrons does silver need to lose in order to achieve a pseudo-noble-gas?

1 electron

Which of the following ions has a pseudo-noble-gas configuratioj: Fe^2+ or Cu^2+

Which metallic crystal structure has a coordination nyumber of 8?

cesium chloride----the positive ion is surrounded by 8 negative ions

What is the name of the compound formed from lithium and bromine?

lithium bromide

How many valence electrons are in an atom of phosphorus?

5 valence electrons

In a hexagonal close-packed crystaql, every atom (except those on the surface) has _________ neighbors.

6 ions

What is the electron configuration of the gallium ion?

use the arrow diagram to write the configuration

What characteristic of metals makes them good electrical conductors?

each positive ion is surrounded by a "sea" of free moving electrons

The electron configuration of a fluoride ion (F^1-) is ___________________

use the arrow diagram to write the configuration remembering that fluorine has an additional electron

Which of the following pairs of elements is most likely to form and ionic compound: magnesium and fluorine or sodium and aluminum?

magnesium is a metal and, as such, will give electrons away. fluorine is a nonmetal and, as such, will take electrons

How does an ionic bond form?

forms by the transfer of electrons from one atom (metal) to another atom (nonmetal)

What is true about the melting temperature of potassium chloride?

being an ionic compound, the melting point will be very high

How many electrons are transferred from potassium to nitrogen in the formation of the compound potassium nitride?

nitrogen requires 3 electrons to have a total of 8 valence electrons. each potassium atom will transfer one electron. a total of 3 potassium atom and one nitrogen atoms will be involved in the formation of a formula unit of potassium nitride

How many valence electrons are in a silicon atom?

4 electrons

What is the formula for potassium sulfide?

K2S

How many electrons does barium have to give up to achieve a noble-gas electron configuration?

2 electrons

How many valence electrons are in rubidium?

2 electrons

What is the net charge of the ionic compound calcium fluoride?

zero

how does calcium obey the octet rule when reacting to form compounds?

by giving away 2 electrons, the calcium ion formed will have 8 valence electrons

the octet rule states that, in chemical compounds, atoms tend to have _________.