This article looks at the effects of hate crimes, victimisation and violence on gay, lesbian and bisexual individuals, and considers how the failings of the criminal justice system add to these problems.

This article argues, on the basis of alarming rates of violence against LGBTI people – and trans individuals in particular – that violence against minority groups is gender rather than sexuality based.

This article details incidents of blackmail and extortion in sub-Saharan Africa. It outlines causes and responses, considers who the perpetrators were, and lists reasons why this kind of abuse is seldom reported and hard to manage.