Increased levels of inflammatory markers and clotting factors have been related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of venous thromboembolism. In particular, the imbalance between VWF and ADAMTS13 has been described in patients with arterial thrombosis. In this study, 77 patients with previous VTE and 77 matched controls were selected for the evaluation of the inflammatory markers, FVW, ADAMTS 13 and D-dimer. The presences of post-thrombotic syndrome and residual vein obstruction were also assessed in patients. Serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 were significantly increased in patients compared to controls (median=2.25 vs 1.59 pg/mL, P <= 0.001; 1.16 vs 0.98 pg/ml, P=0.013, respectively). Plasma levels and activity of VWF (median=150.25 vs 95.39 U/dL, P <= 0.001; 145.26% vs 92.39%, P <= 0.001) and ADAMTS 13 (median=1088.84 vs 950.80 ng/mL, P <= 0.001; 96.03 vs 83.64%, P <= 0.001) were also higher in patients. We further analysed the subgroups of patients with higher risk for VTE recurrence or VTE sequelae, defined as the presence of high D-dimer levels, RVO or PTS. All inflammatory markers were significantly higher in patients with increased D-dimer. The presence of PTS or RVO was not associated with higher inflammatory or coagulation parameters. The increased levels of inflammatory markers and VWF may suggest that there is a persistence of inflammatory activity in patients even at long periods after the VTE episode. In this context, it may be postulated that increased levels of ADAMTS13 could represent a compensatory mechanism against persistently increased levels of VWF. Moreover, increased inflammatory activity was associated with increased D-dimer levels, thus it is possible that this inflammatory activity may also be related to the risk of VTE recurrence. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.