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Urinary tract infection in kids

Urinary tract infections, or UTI s, are infections of the bladder, urethra or kidneys. They are very common in babies and young children.

What causes urinary tract infections?

The urinary system is designed to protect the kidneys by ensuring that urine doesn't back up into the kidneys from the bladder. Because of this safety mechanism, the majority of urinary tract infections occur in the bladder and the urethra. The most common cause of a urinary tract infection is when E. coli bacteria (Escherichia coli ), tiny germs found in the bowels, enter the urethra. This can happen when kids wipe from back to front. But, a urinary tract infection can happen any time germs enter the urinary tract which is usually sterile.

Are urinary tract infections serious?

Urinary tract infections are usually more uncomfortable than they are serious. But, if left untreated, a simple infection of the bladder or urethra can spread to the kidneys, where it can cause permanent damage.

Can I prevent urinary tract infections?

The best way to prevent urinary tract infections is to make sure that microorganisms that can cause them don't get into your child's urinary tract. Wipe babies from front to back, and make sure that you teach your potty trainer to wipe that way too. Also make sure that your kids drink plenty of water to keep flushing out the urinary tract.

How do I know if my child has a urinary tract infection?

UTIs are pretty uncomfortable. If your child has a urinary tract infection he might complain that it hurts or burns when he goes to the bathroom. He also might feel as if he needs to go to the bathroom more often, even if nothing comes out. You might find blood in his urine too.

If the infection has spread to his kidneys, your child may experience fever and chills, as well as pain in his lower back and abdomen.

How do I treat urinary tract infections?

Urinary tract infections are treated with antibiotics since they are caused by bacteria. Your child usually takes these at home for about a week. If he has a severe UTI, he might need to be hospitalised and be given antibiotics intravenously. Make sure that he drinks a lot of water.

Should I call the doctor?

Always call the doctor if you think your child has a UTI so he can be treated as soon as possible. If your child has a fever, lower abdominal pain, and/or lower back pain, call your doctor immediately as these can be signs of a more serious infection. Also call the doctor if your child is taking antibiotics for a urinary tract infection but does not get better after a few days.