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Answer: During transformation, a cell takesin DNA from outside the cell. The_______________ DNA becomes a______________ of the cell's DNA.

External

component

Foreign DNA is first_____________ to a small,circular DNA molecule known as aplasmid.

Plasmids are found ____________in somebacteria and have been very useful for DNAtransfer.

The plasmid has a______________marker—a gene that makes it possible todistinguish bacteria that carry the plasmid(and the foreign DNA) from those that don't.

joined

naturally

genetic

Example: Diabetic humans don’t produce enough insulinto control the amount of sugar in their blood. We used toharvest insulin from horses. Now, however, thanks togene splicing we’re able to splice our genes for insulinproduction into bacteria. We grow the bacteria in largevats and produce large amounts of human insulin for afraction of the cost.

Transforming Plant Cells

Question: How canyou tell if atransformationexperiment has beensuccessful?

Answer: If transformation is successful,the _________________DNA is integratedinto one of the chromosomes of the cell.