The Maryland Constitution Party formed in 1995 as the Taxpayers Party of Maryland. In 1996, it was recognized as an official party by the State Administrative Board of Election Laws. In 1998, it returned to "partisan organization" status, its candidates having failed to receive 3% of the votes cast in the 1996 general election. The Party received its present name in February 1998 and was recognized by the State Board of Elections on August 18, 2000.

The governing body of the Maryland Constitution Party is the State Central Committee. Members include a representative from each of the 47 State legislative districts. At-large members are appointed by the State Chair to ensure that each county has a minimum of 5 representatives. Officers and members from legislative districts are to be elected at the State Convention. The next State Convention will be held in Spring 2002.

The Executive Committee includes the Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, and Treasurer, and five regional coordinators. Officers are elected to 2-year terms; regional coordinators are appointed by the State Chair and have no set term.