The number of men with advanced prostate cancer at the time of first diagnosis would most likely rise without routine PSA screening, according to a new study. Without routine screening for prostate cancer with the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, 17,000 more men in the US every year would discover they had the advanced or metastatic form of the disease, according to a new study by the University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC) that is due to be published in the journal Cancer this week.