Programming languages are the way for a person to express a mental plan to understanding by a computer. In this paper, recent patents and novelties on programming languages are described and discussed. First section of this literature includes histories, relation with hardware enhancement of computer languages. Then, various subject categories of programming languages such as functional, object oriented, scripting, concurrent, procedural, applicative, visual and dataflow introduced, completely. Generation classes are also discussed from first generation to fifth generation languages. Finally, current and future of recent patents on programming languages and their characteristics will be discussed.