The objective of this comprehensive review is to summarize and discuss the available evidence of how adipose tissue inflammation affects insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Low-grade, chronic adipose tissue inflammation is characterized by infiltration of macrophages and other immune cell populations into adipose tissue, and a shift toward more proinflammatory subtypes of leukocytes. The infiltration of proinflammatory cells in adipose tissue is associated with an increased production of key chemokines such as C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α and interle...

Bariatric surgery is known to have positive effects on various aspects of metabolic syndrome and weight-related comorbidities [1 –6]. The current body mass index (BMI) recommendation cutoff of 35kg/m2 for bariatric surgery was established in 1991 by the National Institutes of Health consensus guidelines [7]. Meanwhile, incidence of obesity and its associated chronic illnesses, such as hypertension, diabetes, sleep apnea, et c, continue to increase [8]. An increasing portion of the population is categorized as having class I obesity (defined as BMI ≥30 and

ConclusionAlthough the sample size is small to draw definitive conclusions, bariatric surgery in patients 65 years or older seems to be safe, with similar outcomes and complication rates as in younger patients, regardless of procedure performed.

AbstractBackgroundObesity and its complications are prevalent in women and increase with age. Polyneuropathy (PNP) is a complication of obesity and bariatric surgery (BS). In subjects with severe (grades II and III) obesity and without DM who are candidates for BS, the prevalence of PNP and associated conditions are not well characterized. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of PNP in severely obese (SO) women without DM or common nutritional deficiencies in order to determine factors associated with the presence of PNP.MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed on 450 SO women. They were evaluated with ...