SPPT - Superfícies, Productes i Processos Tèxtilshttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/3692
Sat, 10 Dec 2016 03:29:49 GMT2016-12-10T03:29:49ZLow-temperature plasma treatments in the design of polypropylene surgical meshes for hernia repairhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/97117
Low-temperature plasma treatments in the design of polypropylene surgical meshes for hernia repair
Labay, Cedric Pierre; Canal Barnils, Cristina; Navarro Sentanyes, Antonio; Canal Arias, José Ma
One of the new trends in textile biomaterials research is to deliver active compounds locally in the surgical site from the medical device. One way to manage post-operatory infections associated with mesh implants in abdominal hernia repair surgery can be the loading of antibiotics to the surgical textile meshes. In a novel approach to design an advanced drug-delivery systems based on surgical meshes, low-temperature plasma processes have been used to tailor the surface properties of polypropylene meshes to obtain high loading of ampicillin, maintaining the biological adhesion and the antibacterial activity of the current surgical meshes [1].
Plasma treatment of polymer fibers has been commonly employed to tailor surface adhesion and wetting properties by changing the surface chemical composition [2-3]. Appropriate selection of the plasma source enables the introduction of diverse functional groups on the target surface to improve wettability, biocompatibility or to allow subsequent covalent immobilization or physical adsorption of various molecules such as dyestuffs, pharmaceutical or cosmetic active principles [4-5]. Plasma can also be used for the deposition of polymer thin coatings by the so-called plasma polymerization process [6]. By modifying the process parameters of the plasma and the precursor molecule, different kinds of biocompatible coatings can be produced, from cell-adhesive to antifouling coatings.
In this work, low-temperature plasma processes have been used to tailor the surface properties of polypropylene meshes, in a novel approach, to obtain high loadings of ampicillin, maintaining the biological adhesion and the antibacterial activity of the current surgical meshes [1].
As a first-step in the design of the antibiotic-loaded surgical mesh, plasma functionalization of the polymer surface with polar oxygen groups was used to modify the polypropylene fiber surface at a nanometric level. Surface wettability was improved and the availability of chemical bonds (C-O, C=O) increased. This was employed for the subsequent attachment of ampicillin allowing increasing its loading as function of the plasma treatment time. The chemical and morphological changes produced on the surface of polypropylene fibers lead to a 3-fold improvement of the ampicillin loading in the meshes after only 3.5 s of plasma treatment.
However, this plasma treatment and the subsequent loading of the ampicillin in the polypropylene fibers were related with lower fibroblast adhesion, altered morphology and enhanced chemotaxis. Thus, plasma polymerization was used as dry method to create a thin coating of polyethylene glycol with the aim of keeping the high antibiotic loadings obtained with plasma functionalization and to maintain essentially unchanged fibroblast properties such as chemotaxis or adhesion with respect to untreated meshes, fulfilling the requirement of biocompatible device for the finished antibiotic-loaded mesh.
Beyond the added value brought by the loading of an antibiotic to the mesh for its release directly to the surgical site, the use of plasma processes in the design of biomaterials brings an original approach to control simultaneously physic-chemical properties and regarding the treatment of the mesh without the use of any other chemicals for the binding of the active principle with the fiber.
Wed, 23 Nov 2016 12:35:38 GMThttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/971172016-11-23T12:35:38ZLabay, Cedric PierreCanal Barnils, CristinaNavarro Sentanyes, AntonioCanal Arias, José MaOne of the new trends in textile biomaterials research is to deliver active compounds locally in the surgical site from the medical device. One way to manage post-operatory infections associated with mesh implants in abdominal hernia repair surgery can be the loading of antibiotics to the surgical textile meshes. In a novel approach to design an advanced drug-delivery systems based on surgical meshes, low-temperature plasma processes have been used to tailor the surface properties of polypropylene meshes to obtain high loading of ampicillin, maintaining the biological adhesion and the antibacterial activity of the current surgical meshes [1].
Plasma treatment of polymer fibers has been commonly employed to tailor surface adhesion and wetting properties by changing the surface chemical composition [2-3]. Appropriate selection of the plasma source enables the introduction of diverse functional groups on the target surface to improve wettability, biocompatibility or to allow subsequent covalent immobilization or physical adsorption of various molecules such as dyestuffs, pharmaceutical or cosmetic active principles [4-5]. Plasma can also be used for the deposition of polymer thin coatings by the so-called plasma polymerization process [6]. By modifying the process parameters of the plasma and the precursor molecule, different kinds of biocompatible coatings can be produced, from cell-adhesive to antifouling coatings.
In this work, low-temperature plasma processes have been used to tailor the surface properties of polypropylene meshes, in a novel approach, to obtain high loadings of ampicillin, maintaining the biological adhesion and the antibacterial activity of the current surgical meshes [1].
As a first-step in the design of the antibiotic-loaded surgical mesh, plasma functionalization of the polymer surface with polar oxygen groups was used to modify the polypropylene fiber surface at a nanometric level. Surface wettability was improved and the availability of chemical bonds (C-O, C=O) increased. This was employed for the subsequent attachment of ampicillin allowing increasing its loading as function of the plasma treatment time. The chemical and morphological changes produced on the surface of polypropylene fibers lead to a 3-fold improvement of the ampicillin loading in the meshes after only 3.5 s of plasma treatment.
However, this plasma treatment and the subsequent loading of the ampicillin in the polypropylene fibers were related with lower fibroblast adhesion, altered morphology and enhanced chemotaxis. Thus, plasma polymerization was used as dry method to create a thin coating of polyethylene glycol with the aim of keeping the high antibiotic loadings obtained with plasma functionalization and to maintain essentially unchanged fibroblast properties such as chemotaxis or adhesion with respect to untreated meshes, fulfilling the requirement of biocompatible device for the finished antibiotic-loaded mesh.
Beyond the added value brought by the loading of an antibiotic to the mesh for its release directly to the surgical site, the use of plasma processes in the design of biomaterials brings an original approach to control simultaneously physic-chemical properties and regarding the treatment of the mesh without the use of any other chemicals for the binding of the active principle with the fiber.Correlation analysis between the Kawabata System (KES-F) and the UPC ring methods of fabric analysishttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/90964
Correlation analysis between the Kawabata System (KES-F) and the UPC ring methods of fabric analysis
Carrera Gallissà, Enric; Capdevila Juan, Francisco Javier; Valldeperas Morell, José
A total of 37 commercial woven fabrics of variable composition, weave type and aerial weight were studied by using the Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics (KES-F) and a modified version of the ring method called the “UPC ring method” that was developed by the authors in previous work. The parameters of the KES-F system were correlated with those of the UPC ring method via canonical correlation analysis
Mon, 24 Oct 2016 08:56:10 GMThttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/909642016-10-24T08:56:10ZCarrera Gallissà, EnricCapdevila Juan, Francisco JavierValldeperas Morell, JoséA total of 37 commercial woven fabrics of variable composition, weave type and aerial weight were studied by using the Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics (KES-F) and a modified version of the ring method called the “UPC ring method” that was developed by the authors in previous work. The parameters of the KES-F system were correlated with those of the UPC ring method via canonical correlation analysisReutilización de un residuo agrícola como bioadsorbente para la eliminación de colorantes catiónicos de las aguas residuales de tinturahttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/90275
Reutilización de un residuo agrícola como bioadsorbente para la eliminación de colorantes catiónicos de las aguas residuales de tintura
Arjona González, Adrià; Canal Arias, José Ma; García Raurich, Josep
Se ha comprobado la viabilidad de la cáscara de naranja químicamente modificada como medio de biosorción de colorantes catiónicos en las aguas residuales de la industria textil. De este modo, se ha utilizado y revalorizado un material que, en su mayor parte, se pierde como residuo de la industria agroalimentaria. El comportamiento como intercambiador catiónico fue comprobado con disoluciones sintéticas de Cu(ll). Finalmente, su capacidad como bioadsorbente fue evaluada con cuatro colorantes catiónicos, determinándose la influencia de diferentes parámetros como : concentración de bioadsorbente, tiempo de contacto, temperatura y pH del medio.
lt has been verified the viability of the orange peel chemically. modified like a way of biosorption of cationic dyes in the waste water of the textile dyeing process. Therefore, it has been used and valued a material that is normally treated as a residue by. the food industry. Its behaviour as a cationic interchanger was verified with synthetic dissolutions of Cu (II). Finally, its capacity. as a biosorbent was evaluated with four cationic dyes, settling the influence of different parameters, taking into account the concentration of biosorbent, the time of contact, the temperature and the envoirment's pH
Wed, 28 Sep 2016 13:00:36 GMThttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/902752016-09-28T13:00:36ZArjona González, AdriàCanal Arias, José MaGarcía Raurich, JosepSe ha comprobado la viabilidad de la cáscara de naranja químicamente modificada como medio de biosorción de colorantes catiónicos en las aguas residuales de la industria textil. De este modo, se ha utilizado y revalorizado un material que, en su mayor parte, se pierde como residuo de la industria agroalimentaria. El comportamiento como intercambiador catiónico fue comprobado con disoluciones sintéticas de Cu(ll). Finalmente, su capacidad como bioadsorbente fue evaluada con cuatro colorantes catiónicos, determinándose la influencia de diferentes parámetros como : concentración de bioadsorbente, tiempo de contacto, temperatura y pH del medio.
lt has been verified the viability of the orange peel chemically. modified like a way of biosorption of cationic dyes in the waste water of the textile dyeing process. Therefore, it has been used and valued a material that is normally treated as a residue by. the food industry. Its behaviour as a cationic interchanger was verified with synthetic dissolutions of Cu (II). Finally, its capacity. as a biosorbent was evaluated with four cationic dyes, settling the influence of different parameters, taking into account the concentration of biosorbent, the time of contact, the temperature and the envoirment's pHApplication of discriminant analysis to parameters describing the drape for two types of woven fabricshttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/85172
Application of discriminant analysis to parameters describing the drape for two types of woven fabrics
Capdevila Juan, Francisco Javier; Carrera Gallissà, Enric
A total of 33 commercial drapery and lining fabrics were used to determine the drape indicators drape ratio and R-factor. The slope of a plot of one indicator against the other was found not to afford complete characterization of drape shape for fabrics of different commercial use. In this work, further six parameters describing the drape, proposed by the authors to discriminate drape shapes were also calculated. Discriminant analysis of the data revealed that a linear combination of various parameters allowed two types of woven fabrics (viz. drapery and linen) to be distinguished. The discriminant function used accurately classified 75.76% of the fabrics studied
Tue, 05 Apr 2016 08:44:35 GMThttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/851722016-04-05T08:44:35ZCapdevila Juan, Francisco JavierCarrera Gallissà, EnricA total of 33 commercial drapery and lining fabrics were used to determine the drape indicators drape ratio and R-factor. The slope of a plot of one indicator against the other was found not to afford complete characterization of drape shape for fabrics of different commercial use. In this work, further six parameters describing the drape, proposed by the authors to discriminate drape shapes were also calculated. Discriminant analysis of the data revealed that a linear combination of various parameters allowed two types of woven fabrics (viz. drapery and linen) to be distinguished. The discriminant function used accurately classified 75.76% of the fabrics studiedEffects of wet/dry-cycling and plasma treatments on the properties of flax nonwovens intended for composite reinforcinghttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/82624
Effects of wet/dry-cycling and plasma treatments on the properties of flax nonwovens intended for composite reinforcing
Ventura Casellas, Heura; Claramunt Blanes, Josep; Navarro Sentanyes, Antonio; Rodríguez-Pérez, Miguel Ángel; Ardanuy Raso, Mònica
This research analyzes the effects of different treatments on flax nonwoven (NW) fabrics which are intended for composite reinforcement. The treatments applied were of two different kinds: a wet/dry cycling which helps to stabilize the cellulosic fibers against humidity changes and plasma treatments with air, argon and ethylene gases considering different conditions and combinations, which produce variation on the chemical surface composition of the NWs. The resulting changes in the chemical surface composition, wetting properties, thermal stability and mechanical properties were determined. Variations in surface morphology could be observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed significant changes to the surface chemistry for the samples treated with argon or air (with more content on polar groups on the surface) and ethylene plasma (with less content of polar groups). Although only slight differences were found in moisture regain and water retention values (WRV), significant changes were found on the contact angle values, thus revealing hydrophilicity for the air-treated and argon-treated samples and hydrophobicity for the ethylene-treated ones. Moreover, for some of the treatments the mechanical testing revealed an increase of the NW breaking force
Fri, 05 Feb 2016 12:38:04 GMThttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/826242016-02-05T12:38:04ZVentura Casellas, HeuraClaramunt Blanes, JosepNavarro Sentanyes, AntonioRodríguez-Pérez, Miguel ÁngelArdanuy Raso, MònicaThis research analyzes the effects of different treatments on flax nonwoven (NW) fabrics which are intended for composite reinforcement. The treatments applied were of two different kinds: a wet/dry cycling which helps to stabilize the cellulosic fibers against humidity changes and plasma treatments with air, argon and ethylene gases considering different conditions and combinations, which produce variation on the chemical surface composition of the NWs. The resulting changes in the chemical surface composition, wetting properties, thermal stability and mechanical properties were determined. Variations in surface morphology could be observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed significant changes to the surface chemistry for the samples treated with argon or air (with more content on polar groups on the surface) and ethylene plasma (with less content of polar groups). Although only slight differences were found in moisture regain and water retention values (WRV), significant changes were found on the contact angle values, thus revealing hydrophilicity for the air-treated and argon-treated samples and hydrophobicity for the ethylene-treated ones. Moreover, for some of the treatments the mechanical testing revealed an increase of the NW breaking forceDeterminación rápida de la degradación de lanas y peloshttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/80010
Determinación rápida de la degradación de lanas y pelos
Marsal Amenós, Félix
Se propone un nuevo método, validado en la práctica industrial, para determinar las posibles degradaciones microbianas y bacterianas de las lanas y de los pelos textiles. Se ha aplicado a lanas de finuras variables de 18 a 34 micras y a fibras de alpaca de finuras comprendidas entre 20 y 36 micras. Se basa en un ensayo dinamométrico para determinar la tribocarga de escisión de las cintas peinadas. El comportamiento reológico de las cintas de fibras degradadas es bien diferente en el proceso de hilatura además de los importantes problemas de tintura que aparecen en lo textiles fabricados con estas materias. Se proponen dos nuevos índices para determinar el grado de la degradación que están bien correlacionados en los resultados del test del pH del extracto acuoso
Fri, 27 Nov 2015 12:57:17 GMThttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/800102015-11-27T12:57:17ZMarsal Amenós, FélixSe propone un nuevo método, validado en la práctica industrial, para determinar las posibles degradaciones microbianas y bacterianas de las lanas y de los pelos textiles. Se ha aplicado a lanas de finuras variables de 18 a 34 micras y a fibras de alpaca de finuras comprendidas entre 20 y 36 micras. Se basa en un ensayo dinamométrico para determinar la tribocarga de escisión de las cintas peinadas. El comportamiento reológico de las cintas de fibras degradadas es bien diferente en el proceso de hilatura además de los importantes problemas de tintura que aparecen en lo textiles fabricados con estas materias. Se proponen dos nuevos índices para determinar el grado de la degradación que están bien correlacionados en los resultados del test del pH del extracto acuosoAntibiotic-loaded polypropylene surgical meshes with suitable biological behavior by plasma functionalization and polymerizationhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/78793
Antibiotic-loaded polypropylene surgical meshes with suitable biological behavior by plasma functionalization and polymerization
Labay, Cédric Pierre; Canal Arias, José Ma; Modic, Martina; Cvelbar, Uros; Quiles Pérez, María Teresa; Armengol Carrasco, Manuel; Arbós Vilà, Maria Antonia; Gil Mur, Francisco Javier; Canal Barnils, Cristina
Hernia repair is one of the most common operations in general surgery, and its associated complications typically relate to infections, among others. The loading of antibiotics to surgical meshes to deliver them locally in the abdominal hernia repair site can be one way to manage infections associated with surgical implants. However, the amount of drug loaded is restricted by the low wettability of polypropylene (PP). In this work, plasma has been used to tailor the surface properties of PP meshes to obtain high loading of ampicillin while conserving the desired biological properties of the unmodified samples and conferring them with antibacterial activity. It was demonstrated that the new surface chemistry and improved wettability led to 3-fold higher antibiotic loading. Subsequently, a PEG-like dry coating was deposited from tetraglyme with low-pressure plasma which allowed maintaining the high drug loading and kept cell properties such as chemotaxis, adhesion and morphology to the same levels as the untreated ones which have shown long-standing clinical success. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Wed, 04 Nov 2015 16:17:25 GMThttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/787932015-11-04T16:17:25ZLabay, Cédric PierreCanal Arias, José MaModic, MartinaCvelbar, UrosQuiles Pérez, María TeresaArmengol Carrasco, ManuelArbós Vilà, Maria AntoniaGil Mur, Francisco JavierCanal Barnils, CristinaHernia repair is one of the most common operations in general surgery, and its associated complications typically relate to infections, among others. The loading of antibiotics to surgical meshes to deliver them locally in the abdominal hernia repair site can be one way to manage infections associated with surgical implants. However, the amount of drug loaded is restricted by the low wettability of polypropylene (PP). In this work, plasma has been used to tailor the surface properties of PP meshes to obtain high loading of ampicillin while conserving the desired biological properties of the unmodified samples and conferring them with antibacterial activity. It was demonstrated that the new surface chemistry and improved wettability led to 3-fold higher antibiotic loading. Subsequently, a PEG-like dry coating was deposited from tetraglyme with low-pressure plasma which allowed maintaining the high drug loading and kept cell properties such as chemotaxis, adhesion and morphology to the same levels as the untreated ones which have shown long-standing clinical success. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reservedNew approach to assessing fabric drape based on the fractal dimensionhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/78483
New approach to assessing fabric drape based on the fractal dimension
Carrera Gallissà, Enric; Capdevila Juan, Francisco Javier; Valldeperas Morell, José; Abril, Héctor C
The usefulness of the fractal dimension of drape (D) to explain the shape of fabrics acquired when allowed to fall freely under the effect of gravity was assessed by using the box-counting method to calculate it for comparison with the drape ratio (%DR) of 36 commercial woven fabrics spanning a wide range of composition, weave type and mass per square meter These two parameters were found to be highly correlated with %DR, varying over wide ranges and D over narrow ranges. Based on the results, the fractal nature of the drape does not significantly improve on the information about the drape shape in woven fabrics provided by the well-known indicator; The usefulness of the fractal dimension of drape (D) to explain the shape of fabrics acquired when allowed to fall freely under the effect of gravity was assessed by using the box-counting method to calculate it for comparison with the drape ratio (%DR) of 36 commercial woven fabrics spanning a wide range of composition, weave type and mass per square meter These two parameters were found to be highly correlated with %DR, varying over wide ranges and D over narrow ranges. Based on the results, the fractal nature of the drape does not significantly improve on the information about the drape shape in woven fabrics provided by the well-known indicator
Thu, 29 Oct 2015 11:38:00 GMThttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/784832015-10-29T11:38:00ZCarrera Gallissà, EnricCapdevila Juan, Francisco JavierValldeperas Morell, JoséAbril, Héctor CThe usefulness of the fractal dimension of drape (D) to explain the shape of fabrics acquired when allowed to fall freely under the effect of gravity was assessed by using the box-counting method to calculate it for comparison with the drape ratio (%DR) of 36 commercial woven fabrics spanning a wide range of composition, weave type and mass per square meter These two parameters were found to be highly correlated with %DR, varying over wide ranges and D over narrow ranges. Based on the results, the fractal nature of the drape does not significantly improve on the information about the drape shape in woven fabrics provided by the well-known indicator
The usefulness of the fractal dimension of drape (D) to explain the shape of fabrics acquired when allowed to fall freely under the effect of gravity was assessed by using the box-counting method to calculate it for comparison with the drape ratio (%DR) of 36 commercial woven fabrics spanning a wide range of composition, weave type and mass per square meter These two parameters were found to be highly correlated with %DR, varying over wide ranges and D over narrow ranges. Based on the results, the fractal nature of the drape does not significantly improve on the information about the drape shape in woven fabrics provided by the well-known indicatorThe influence fiber treatment on the mechanical properties of biocomposites reinforced with flax nonwovenshttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/78246
The influence fiber treatment on the mechanical properties of biocomposites reinforced with flax nonwovens
Ventura Casellas, Heura; Claramunt Blanes, Josep; Navarro Sentanyes, Antonio; Rodríguez-Pérez, Miguel Ángel; Ardanuy Raso, Mònica
Mon, 26 Oct 2015 14:00:08 GMThttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/782462015-10-26T14:00:08ZVentura Casellas, HeuraClaramunt Blanes, JosepNavarro Sentanyes, AntonioRodríguez-Pérez, Miguel ÁngelArdanuy Raso, MònicaExperiences in the air spinning to manufacture medical deviceshttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/77070
Experiences in the air spinning to manufacture medical devices
Marsal Amenós, Félix
The work aims to determine, with scientific rigor, differences in key parameters of the yarns produced by conventional ring spinning systems, open-end and air spinning and its interrelation with the main parameters of those products that are intended for medical-sanitary sector. The experiences have been made in a Spanish company from short fibers sector that has three spinning systems, with tradition and prestige in world market, validating the results in Innotex Center laboratories of the Polytechnic University of Catalonia. Considering the results, it shows that the technology of manufacture of yarns by air is suitable for yarn, woven fabrics and knitting, structures to textile medical-sanitary application, by specific properties as well as enhanced competitiveness, due to the high production rate and shortened spinning process. The viscose yarns manufactured by air mass are more mass regular. The new DR parameter clearly indicates a better look of the finished fabric when we work with yarns produced by air technology. The significant reduction of the hairiness means less formation of loose fibres by friction, very important in the application of these yarns in the manufacture of textile structures for medical-sanitary use. Also no-table increase of about 15% in the absorption capacity of the fluids, especially water, from the yarns made by air. In the functionalization of fabrics obtained from spun yarn by air will need to apply a permanent smoothing
Thu, 24 Sep 2015 07:57:40 GMThttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/770702015-09-24T07:57:40ZMarsal Amenós, FélixThe work aims to determine, with scientific rigor, differences in key parameters of the yarns produced by conventional ring spinning systems, open-end and air spinning and its interrelation with the main parameters of those products that are intended for medical-sanitary sector. The experiences have been made in a Spanish company from short fibers sector that has three spinning systems, with tradition and prestige in world market, validating the results in Innotex Center laboratories of the Polytechnic University of Catalonia. Considering the results, it shows that the technology of manufacture of yarns by air is suitable for yarn, woven fabrics and knitting, structures to textile medical-sanitary application, by specific properties as well as enhanced competitiveness, due to the high production rate and shortened spinning process. The viscose yarns manufactured by air mass are more mass regular. The new DR parameter clearly indicates a better look of the finished fabric when we work with yarns produced by air technology. The significant reduction of the hairiness means less formation of loose fibres by friction, very important in the application of these yarns in the manufacture of textile structures for medical-sanitary use. Also no-table increase of about 15% in the absorption capacity of the fluids, especially water, from the yarns made by air. In the functionalization of fabrics obtained from spun yarn by air will need to apply a permanent smoothing