In a clear reference to Japan’s military occupation of China before and during World War Two, which remains a thorn in relations, Ma said: “We hope that Japan will use history as a guide, and earnestly reflect on its defense policies, and do more to enhance mutual trust with its neighbors.”

Defense ministry spokesman Geng Yansheng said Japan was deliberately exaggerating the ‘China threat’ and acting out of ulterior motives, according to the ministry’s website.

The Chinese Foreign Ministry also points out China’s development benefits all countries in the world, including Japan. China calls on Japan to seriously reflect on its own defense policies and do more to deepen its mutual trust with neighboring countries.