Right in front of the canopy there are two sensors (?) in the shape of a box and a sphere. What are they good for and why can they rarely be seen on other versions such as the Rafale C (one seater)?

And then there is a black rectangle on both sides in front of the canards, which look like tinted glass of IR sensors and can be found on all versions. Same goes for those boxes hanging on the engines. Are those radar warning receivers?

I couldn't find any information on those thingies, but I found a video you should download if you like carrier ops.