Manuscript Preparation

Manuscript Preparation:

Language: Manuscripts should be written in clear, grammatical English. The past tense should be used throughout in describing the results and the present tense in referring to previously established and generally accepted results. Authors who are unsure of correct English usage should have their manuscript checked by somebody who is proficient in the language; manuscripts that are deficient in this respect may be returned to the author for revision before scientific review.

Typing: Manuscripts must be typewritten in a Times New Roman font, 12 points size, double-spaced (including References, Tables and Figure legends) with wide margins (2.5 cm from all sides) on one side of A4 paper. The beginning of each new paragraph must be clearly indicated by indentation. Each of the following sections should start on a separate page: Abstract, text, references, tables and figure legends. All pages should be numbered consecutively at the bottom starting with the title page.

Title and Running Title: Write a brief and informative title that identifies the nature of the subject matter. Avoid chemical formulas or abbreviations. Write a running title of no more than 50 characters and spaces.

Title page: The title page should include: (a) the full title of the article (b) the authors' full names (first name, middle initial, surname) with degrees and status in the institute; (c) affiliations, institution, city, and state or country where the work was done); (d) the name and full address of corresponding author indicated by a star ( e-mail address, and if available URL address);

Abbreviations: Only common abbreviations may be used without definition. Terms appearing frequently (three or more times) within a paper may be abbreviated, but should be spelled out at first citation, with the abbreviation following in parentheses.

Abstract: This should be formatted including: Background and Purpose, Materials and Methods, Results and Conclusion and should not be more than 400 words. Write the abstract in third person. References should not be cited and abbreviations should be avoided.

Keywords: A list of three to five keywords should be included at the foot of the abstract.

Introduction: This should contain a description of the problem under investigation and relevant background information and published studies should be described concisely, and be cited appropriately.

Materials and Methods: This section should only include information that was available at the time the study was planned or protocol written; all information obtained during the conduct of the study belongs to the results section.

Results: This section should include the finding of the study. Data should not be repeated both a table and a Figure.

Statistics: whenever possible quantify findings and present them with appropriate indicators of measurement error or uncertainty (such as confidence intervals). Define the statistical methods used to analyze the variables. Report losses to observation (such as drop outs from a clinical trial). When data are summarized in the Results section, specify the statistical methods used to analyze them. Define statistical terms, abbreviations, and most symbols. Specify the computer software used. For all P values include the exact value and not less than 0.05 or 0.001.

Discussion: Include summary of key findings; Strengths and limitations of the study (study question, study design, data collection, analysis and interpretation); Interpretation and implications in the context of the totality of evidence (is there a systematic review to refer to, if not, could one be reasonably done here and now?, what this study adds to the available evidence, effects on patient care and health policy, possible mechanisms); Controversies raised by this study; and future research directions (for this particular research collaboration, underlying mechanisms, clinical research). It should relate the results to previous works and interpret them not a simple recapitulate of the Results or Introduction section.

References: Authors are responsible for the accuracy of the references. References should be numbered sequentially in the order of their citation in the text and inserted between square brackets, e.g. [1], [6-10]. The list of references should follow the order of their citation with complete listing of authors (if 7 or more authors, list the first 6 authors followed by et al.). Only published, "in press" papers and books may be cited in the reference list. Periodical titles should be abbreviated according to Index Medicus.

Tables: should present only essential data, must be numbered sequentially in the order in which they are first referenced in the text, and all must be referred to in the text. Each table should be supplied as a separate page at the end of the main document and not imbedded within the body of the text. The table header should be brief and self-explanatory. If it contains generic and species names, these must be spelled out in full, e.g., Candida albicans, not C. albicans. Column headings should be brief and include units in parentheses where applicable. Only horizontal rule lines should be used and then only for headers and footers. Tables should be considered as “stand alone” documents through which data are summarized for presentation to readers. As such, all abbreviations employed in the tables MUST be defined by footnotes included directly below the tables.

Figures/Images: Figures should be numbered as 1, 2, 3, etc., and mentioned clearly in the main text. Provide a brief title for each figure on a separate page. Detailed legends should not be provided under the figures. This part should be added into the text where the figures are applicable. Figures should be either Photoshop or Illustrator files (in tiff, eps, jpeg formats) at high-resolution. It is our principle to publish high resolution figures for the printed and E-versions. If digital images are the only source of images, ensure that the image has minimum resolution of 300 dpi or 1800 x 1600 pixels in TIFF format. File names should identify the figure and panel. Avoid layering type directly over shaded or textured areas.

Word count limit: Check the limitation based on categories of articles.

Sending a revised manuscript

While submitting a revised manuscript, contributors are requested to address each comments of the reviewer followed by the detailed response inReply to the reviewers’ commentstable.
Make sure that it is a "point-by-point" response. In addition, mark the changes as underlined or colored text in the article. The point by point reply should also be incorporated into the revised manuscript and the page and line number of the revision should be included in the author's point by point reply.