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For the past 50 years a select group of scientists has provided advice to the US President, mostly out of the public eye, on issues ranging from the deployment of weapons to the launching of rockets to the moon to the use of stem cells to cure disease. The role of the presidential science adviser came under increasing scrutiny during the administration of George W. Bush, which was highly criticized by many for its use (and some say, misuse) of science. This edited volume includes, for the first time, the reflections of the presidential science advisers from Donald Hornig who served under Lyndon B. Johnson, to John Marburger, the previous science advisor, on their roles within both government and the scientific community. It provides an intimate glimpse into the inner workings of the White House, as well as the political realities of providing advice on scientific matters to the presidential of the United States. The reflections of the advisers are supplemented with critical analysis of the role of the science adviser by several well-recognized science policy practitioners and experts. This volume will be of interest to science policy and presidential history scholars and students. less

Introduction and acknowledgements Part I – Overview of Presidential Science AdvisingThe Rise and Fall of the President’s Science AdvisorRoger Pielke, Jr., Professor, Environmental Studies and Director, Center for Science and Technology Policy Research, University of Colorado Roberta Klein, Managing Director, Center for Science and Technology Policy Research, University of Colorado Part II – The Science Advisors In Their Own WordsScience Advice in the Johnson White HouseDonald Hornig, Science Advisor to President Lyndon Johnson (1964-69) Science, Politics and Policy in the Nixon Administration Edward David, Science Advisor to President Richard Nixon (1970-73)Science and Technology in the Carter Presidency Frank Press, Science Advisor to President Jimmy Carter (1977-1981) Phil Smith, Associate Director, Office of Science and Technology Policy (1976 – 1981)Policy, Politics and Science in the White House-- The Reagan YearsGeorge Keyworth, Science Advisor to President Ronald Reagan (1981-85)Science Advice to President Bill Clinton John Gibbons, Science Advisor to President Bill Clinton (1993-98) Threats to the Future of U.S. Science and TechnologyNeal Lane, Science Advisor to President Bill Clinton (1998-2001) Science Advice in the George W. Bush AdministrationJohn H. Marburger, II, Science Advisor to President George W. Bush (2001 – present)Part III – A View From The HillIntroductionDaniel Sarewitz, Director, Consortium for Science, Policy and Outcomes, Arizona State UniversityScience, Policy and Politics: A View from CapitolHillRobert Palmer, Staff Director, U.S. House of Representatives’ Committee on Science (1993 – 2004)Science Advice in the Congress? Radford Byerly, Staff Director, U.S. House of Representatives’ Committee on Science (1991 – 1993)Part IV – CritiqueScience, Politics, and Two Unicorns: An Academic Critique of Science AdviceDave Guston, Associate Director, Consortium for Science, Policy & Outcomes; Professor, Political Science, Arizona State University AppendixIn Memoriam to D. Allan BromleyTranscripts of question and answer sessions from science advisor public appearances at the University of Colorado – BoulderDr. Donald HornigDr. Edward DavidDr. George KeyworthDr. John Gibbons