| The tropical lapse rate steepened during the Last Glacial Maximum - :15741 | National Environmental Satellite and Data Information Service (NESDIS)

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The gradient of air temperature with elevation (the temperature lapse rate) in the tropics is predicted to become less steep during the coming century as surface temperature rises, enhancing the threat of warming in high-mountain environments. However, the sensitivity of the lapse rate to climate change is uncertain because of poor constraints on high-elevation temperature during past climate states. We present a 25,000-year temperature reconstruction from Mount Kenya, East Africa, which demonstrates that cooling during the Last Glacial Maximum was amplified with elevation and hence that the lapse rate was significantly steeper than today. Comparison of our data with paleoclimate simulations indicates that state-of-the-art models underestimate this lapse-rate change. Consequently, future high-elevation tropical warming may be even greater than predicted.

Few if any high-resolution (annually resolved) paleoclimate records are available for the Hawaiian Islands prior to; similar to 1850 CE, after which some instrumental records start to become available. This paper shows how atmospheric teleconnection ...

The National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) uses water column sonar data to assess physical and biological characteristics from the ocean surface to the seabed. Acoustic surveys produce large volumes of data that can deliver valu...

Data-based modeling of the magnetic field originating in the Earth's ionosphere is challenging due to the multiple timescales involved and the small spatial scales of some of the current systems, especially the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) that flows ...

Space Weather-the International Journal of Research and Applications, 14(1), 22-31.

Series:

CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)

Description:

Reliable forecasts of relativistic electrons at geostationary orbit (GEO) are important for the mitigation of their hazardous effects on spacecraft at GEO. For a number of years the Space Weather Prediction Center at NOAA has provided advanced online...

The tidal flow of electrically conductive oceans through the geomagnetic field results in the generation of secondary magnetic signals, which provide information on the subsurface structure. Data from the new generation of satellites were shown to co...

The Alpha-Mendeleev ridge complex is a first-order physiographic and geological feature of the Arctic Amerasia Basin. High amplitude "chaotic" magnetic anomalies (the High Arctic Magnetic High Domain or HAMH) are associated with the complex and exten...

Traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) are ubiquitous in the thermosphere-ionosphere and are often assumed to be caused by acoustic gravity waves (AGWs). This study performs an analysis of the TID and AGW activity above Wallops Island, VA, during ...

This study examines observed historical climate variability in Southeast, Alaska, where several new and expanded hydropower facilities are proposed. Analysis suggests that climate trends in this region since the 1920s are modest, while trends since t...

"NOAA's 38th Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop was held in College Park, Maryland, on 21-24 October 2013. It was hosted by the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) of National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the Cooperative Insti...

Dam removals with unmanaged sediment releases are good opportunities to learn about channel response to abruptly increased bed material supply. Understanding these events is important because they affect aquatic habitats and human uses of floodplains...