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Estonians were known to have lived in America in early colonial times. There were not many of them -- the present study documents only two. The size of the Estonian immigration in earlier times is not known, since no records were kept by American immigration authorities on Estonians until 1922. However, official American government estimates made in 1924 placed the number of residents of Estonian ancestry at 5100 in 1890; 44,000 in 1910; and 69,2000 in 1920. The materials in this present volume are organized to reflect the characteristics of three distinct phases of Estonian-American History: the period up to 1922; the years from 1922 through 1945; and the period since then.