To prospectively investigate, in subjects with RSAH in a tropical South American city: 1) Adverse cardiovascular events defined as fatal and non-fatal stroke or acute myocardial infarction (AMI); and 2) the association of RAAS polymorphisms and adverse cardiovascular events in this population.

Study population: 212 hypertensives recruited from primary care assistance (time since first diagnosis of hypertension: 16.5±8.1 years) and without appropriate pressure control, between 2001 and 2006, corresponding to 0.48% of all hypertensives under care (18 new cases/year), 57±10 years old, 66% females. Under drug treatment schedule: three or more drugs including a diuretic. Ninety two randomly selected hypertensives basis had renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system genetic profile determined. Genetic assessment was carried out using a polymerase chain reaction assay amplification technique. The following single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed: renin (G1051A), angiotensinogen (M235T), angiotensin converting enzyme-ACE (I/D), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (A1166C), aldosterone synthase (C344T) and mineralocorticoid receptor (G3514C).

Subjects with systemic arterial hypertension in whom arterial pressure control was not achieved (24hr ambulatory pressure monitoring: mean 24hr systolic pressure >/=130 mmHg or mean 24hr diastolic pressure >/=80mmHg) by non-investigation specialized hypertensive unit care, in spite of appropriate drug treatment regimen with three or more anti-hypertensive drugs including a diuretic. Anti-hypertensive drug treatment was non-investigational and was prescribed at discretion of the physician who performed primary evaluation.

Drug: Anti-hypertensive drug treatment

Anti-hypertensive drug treatment was non-investigational. Drug regimen, including which drug and the number of drugs prescribed, was left at discretion of the physician who carried primary assistance.

Other Names:

Thiazide Diuretics

Aldosterone receptor antagonist

Beta-blockers

ACE inhibitors

Angiotensin receptor blockers

Calcium channel blockers

Pseudo-resistant Arterial Hypertension

Subjects with systemic arterial hypertension in whom arterial pressure control was achieved (24hr ambulatory pressure monitoring: mean 24hr systolic pressure <130 mmHg and mean 24hr diastolic pressure <80mmHg) by non-investigation specialized hypertensive unit care, with appropriate drug treatment regimen with three or more anti-hypertensive drugs including a diuretic. Anti-hypertensive drug treatment was non-investigational and was prescribed at discretion of the physician who performed primary evaluation.

Drug: Anti-hypertensive drug treatment

Anti-hypertensive drug treatment was non-investigational. Drug regimen, including which drug and the number of drugs prescribed, was left at discretion of the physician who carried primary assistance.

Other Names:

Thiazide Diuretics

Aldosterone receptor antagonist

Beta-blockers

ACE inhibitors

Angiotensin receptor blockers

Calcium channel blockers

Eligibility

Ages Eligible for Study:

18 Years to 80 Years

Genders Eligible for Study:

Both

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

No

Sampling Method:

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Subjects of both genders in investigation for resistant systemic arterial hypertension at the Hypertension Unit, whose arterial pressure control was not achieved by primary care assistance despite regular use of three anti-hypertensive drugs, including one diuretic. All subjects received standard drug therapy, aiming at achieving outpatients clinics pressure <140/90mmHg and were re-evaluated up to four weeks later, including 24h ambulatory arterial pressure monitoring.

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

Subjects with uncontrolled systemic arterial hypertension despite use of three anti-hypertensive drugs, including one diuretic

Exclusion Criteria:

Secondary causes of systemic arterial hypertension

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Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01173029