Samuel Clemens was born in Missouri in 1835. He grew up
in the town of Hannibal, Missouri, which would become the model for
St. Petersburg, the fictional town where Huckleberry Finn begins.
Missouri was a "slave state" during this period, and
Clemens' family owned a few slaves. In Missouri, most slaves worked
as domestic servants, rather than on the large agricultural
plantations that most slaves elsewhere in the United States
experienced. This domestic slavery is what Twain generally describes
in Huckleberry Finn, even when the action occurs in the deep South.
The institution of slavery figures prominently in the novel and is
important in developing both the theme and the two most important
characters, Huck and Jim.

Twain received a brief formal education, before going to
work as an apprentice in a print shop. He would later find work on a
steamboat on the Mississippi River. Twain developed a lasting
afiection for the Mississippi and life on a steamboat, and would
immortalize both in Life on the Mississippi (1883), and in certain
scenes of Tom Sawyer (1876), and Huckleberry Finn (1885). He took his
pseudonym, "Mark Twain," from the call a steamboat worker
would make when the ship reached a (safe) depth of two fathoms. Twain
would go on to work as a journalist in San Francisco and Nevada in
the 1860s. He soon discovered his talent as a humorist, and by 1865
his humorous stories were attracting national attention.

In 1870, Twain married Olivia Langdon of New York State.
The family moved to Hartford, Connecticut, to a large, ornate house
paid for with the royalties from Twain's successful literary
adventures. At Hartford and during stays with Olivia's family in New
York State, Twain wrote The Gilded Age, co-authored with Charles
Dudley Warner in 1873 and The Prince and the Pauper (1882), as well
as the two books already mentioned. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
was finally published in 1885. Twain had begun the book years
earlier, but the writing was done in spurts of inspiration
interrupted by long periods during which the manuscript sat in the
author's desk. Despite the economic crisis that plagued the United
States then, the book became a huge popular and financial success. It
would become a classic of American literature and receive acclaim
around the world{today it has been published in at least twenty-seven
languages.

Still, at the time of publication, the author was
bothered by the many bad reviews it received in the national press.
The book was principally attacked for its alleged indecency. After
the 1950s, the chief attacks on the book would be against its alleged
racism or racial bigotry. For various reasons, the book frequently
has been banned from US schools and children's libraries, though it
was never really intended as a children's book. Nonetheless, the book
has been widely read ever since its first publication well over a
century ago, an exception to Twain's definition of a classic as "a
book which people praise and don't read."

Characters

Huckleberry Finn { The protagonist and narrator of the
novel. Huck is the thirteen or fourteen year-old son of the local
drunk in the town of St. Petersburg, Missouri, at the start of the
novel. He is kidnapped by his father, Pap, from the "sivilizing"
in uence of the Widow Douglas and Miss Watson, and then fakes his own
death to escape. He meets Jim on Jackson's Island. The rest of the
novel is largely motivated by two conflicts: the external con ict to
achieve Jim's freedom, and the internal con ict within Huck between
his own sense of right and wrong and society's. Huck has a series of
"adventures," making many observations on human nature and
the South as he does. He progressively rejects the values of the
dominant society and matures morally as he does. Jim { A slave who
escaped from Miss Watson after she considered selling him down river.
He encounters Huck on Jackson's Island, and the two become friends
and spend most of the rest of the novel together. Jim deeply grieves
his separation from his wife and two children and dreams of getting
them back. He is an intensely human character, perhaps the novel's
most complex. Through his example, Huck learns to appreciate the
humanity of black people, overcoming his society's bigotry and making
a break with its moral code. Twain also uses him to demonstrate
racial equality. But Jim himself remains somewhat enigmatic; he seems
both comrade and father figure to Huck, though Huck, the youthful
narrator, may not be able to thoroughly evaluate his friend, and so
the reader has to suppose some of his qualities.

The Duke and Dauphin { These two criminals appear for
much of the novel. Their real names are never given, but the younger
man, about thirty years old, claims to be the Duke of Bridgewater,
and is called both "the Duke" and "Bridgewater"
in the novel, though for the sake of clarity, he is only called "the
Duke" here. The much older man claims to be the son of Louis
XVI, the executed French king. "Dauphin" was the title
given to heirs to the French throne. He is mostly called "the
king" in the novel (since his father is dead, he would be the
rightful king), though he is called "the Dauphin" in this
study guide since the name is more distinctive. The two show
themselves to be truly bad when they separate a slave family at the
Wilks household, and later sell Jim.

Tom Sawyer { Huck's friend, and the protagonist of Tom
Sawyer, the novel for which Huckleberry Finn is ostensibly the
sequel. He is in many ways Huck's foil, given to exotic plans and
romantic adventure literature, while Huck is more down-to-earth. He
also turns out to be profoundly selfish.

On the whole, Tom is identified with the "civilzation"
from which Huck is alienated. Other characters, in order of
appearance Widow Douglas and Miss Watson { Two wealthy sisters who
live together in a large house in St. Petersburg. Miss Watson is the
older sister, gaunt and severe-looking. She also adheres the
strongest to the hypocritical religious and ethical values of the
dominant society. Widow Douglas, meanwhile, is somewhat gentler in
her beliefs and has more patience with the mischievous Huckleberry.
She adopted Huck at the end of the last novel, Tom Sawyer, and he is
in her care at the start of Huckleberry Finn. When Miss Watson
considers selling Jim down to New Orleans, away from his wife and
children and deep into the plantation system, Jim escapes. She
eventually repents, making provision in her will for Jim to be freed,
and dies two months before the novel ends.

Pap { Huckleberry's father and the town drunk and ne'er-
do-well. When he appears at the beginning of the novel, he is a human
wreck, his skin a disgusting ghost-like white, and his clothes
hopelessly tattered. Like Huck, he is a member of the least
privileged class of whites, and is illiterate. He is angry that his
son is getting an education. He wants to get hold of Huck's money,
presumably to spend it on alcohol. He kidnaps Huck and holds him deep
in the woods. When Huck fakes his own murder, Pap is nearly lynched
when suspicions turn his way. But he escapes, and Jim eventually
finds his dead body on an abandoned houseboat.

Judge Thatcher { Judge Thatcher is in charge of
safeguarding the money Huck and Tom won at the end of Tom Sawyer.
When Huck discovers his father has come to town, he wisely signs his
fortune over to the Judge. Judge Thatcher has a daughter, Becky, whom
Huck calls "Bessie."

Aunt Polly { Tom Sawyer's aunt and guardian. She appears
at the end of Huckleberry Finn and properly identifies Huck, who has
pretended to be Tom; and Tom, who has pretended to be his brother,
Sid (who never appears in this novel).

The Grangerfords { The master of the Grangerford clan is
"Colonel"Grangerford, who has a wife. The children are Bob,
the oldest, then Tom, then Charlotte, aged twenty- five, Sophia,
twenty, and Buck, the youngest, about thirteen or fourteen. They also
had a deceased daughter, Emme- line, who made unintentionally
humorous, maudlin pictures and poems for the dead. Huckleberry thinks
the Grangerfords are all physically beautiful. They live on a large
estate worked by many slaves. Their house is decked out in humorously
tacky finery that Huckleberry innocently admires. The Grangerfords
are in a feud with the Shepardsons, though no one can remember the
cause of the feud or see any real reason to continue it. When Sophia
runs off with a Shepardson, the feud reignites, and Buck and another
boy are shot. With the Grangerfords and the Shepardsons, Twain
illustrates the bouts of irrational brutality to which the South was
prone.

The Wilks Family { The deceased Peter Wilks has three
daughters, Mary Jane, Susan, and Joanne (whom Huck calls "the
Harelip"). Mary Jane, the oldest, takes charge of the sisters'
afiairs. She is beautiful and kind- hearted, but easily swindled by
the Duke and Dauphin. Susan is the next youngest. Joanna possess a
cleft palate (a birth defect) and so Huck somewhat tastelessly refers
to her as "the Hare Lip" (another name for cleft palate).
She initially suspects Huck and the Duke and Dauphin, but eventually
falls for the scheme like the others.

The Phelps family { The Phelps family includes Aunt
Sally, Uncle Silas and their children. They also own several slaves.
Sally and Silas are generally kind-hearted, and Silas in particular
is a complete innocent. Tom and Huck are able to continue playing
pranks on them for quite some time before they suspect anything is
wrong. Sally, however, displays a chilling level of bigotry toward
blacks, which many of her fellow Southerners likely share. The town

in which they live also cruelly kills the Duke and
Dauphin. With the Phelps, Twain contrasts the good side of Southern
civilization with its bad side.

Summary

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was finally published in
1885. Twain had begun the book years earlier, but the writing was
done in spurts of inspiration interrupted by long periods during
which the manuscript sat in the author's desk. Despite the economic
crisis that plagued the United States then, the book became a huge
popular and financial success. It would become a classic of American
literature and receive acclaim around the world{today it has been
published in at least twenty-seven languages.

Still, at the time of publication, the author was
bothered by the many bad reviews it received in the national press.
The book was principally attacked for its alleged indecency. After
the 1950s, the chief attacks on the book would be against its alleged
racism or racial bigotry. For various reasons, the book frequently
has been banned from US schools and children's libraries, though it
was never really intended as a children's book. Nonetheless, the book
has been widely read ever since its first publication well over a
century ago, an exception to Twain's definition of a classic as "a
book which people praise and don't read."

Chapter 1 Summary

The narrator (later identified as Huckleberry Finn)
begins Chapter One by stating that the reader may know of him from
another book, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by "Mr. Mark Twain,"
but it "ain't t no matter" if you have not. According to
Huck, Twain mostly told the truth, with some "stretchers"
thrown in, though everyone{except Tom's Aunt Polly, the widow, and
maybe Mary{lies once in a while. The other book ended with Tom and
Huckleberry finding the gold some robbers had hidden in a cave. They
got six thousand dollars apiece, which Judge Thatcher put in trust,
so that they each got a dollar a day from interest. The Widow Douglas
adopted and tried to "civilise" Huck. But Huck couldn't
stand it so he threw on his old rags and ran away. But he went back
when Tom Sawyer told him he could join his new band of robbers if he
would return to the Widow "and be respectable."

The Widow lamented over her failure with Huck, tried to
stufi him into cramped clothing, and before every meal had to
"grumble" over the food before they could eat it. She tried
to teach him about Moses, until Huck found out he was dead and lost
interest. Meanwhile, she would not let him smoke; typically, she
disapproved of it because she had never tried it, but approved of
snufi since she used it herself. Her slim sister who wears glasses,
Miss Watson, tried to give him spelling lessons.

Meanwhile, Huck was going stir-crazy, made especially
restless by the sisters' constant reminders to improve his behavior.
When Miss Watson told him about the "bad place," Hell, he
burst out that he would like to go there, as a change of scenery.
Secretly, Huck really does not see the point in going to "the
good place" and resolved then not to bother trying to get there.

When Huck asked, Miss Watson told him there was no
chance Tom Sawyer would end up in Heaven. Huck was glad "because
I wanted him and me to be together." One night, after Miss
Watson's prayer session with him and the slaves, Huck goes to bed
feeling "so lonesome I wished I was dead." He gets shivers
hearing the sounds of nature through his window. Huck accidentally
icks a spider into a candle, and is frightened by the bad omen. Just
after midnight, Huck hears movement below the window, and a "me-yow"
sound, that he responds to with another "me-yow." Climbing
out the window onto the shed, Huck finds Tom Sawyer waiting for him.

Chapters 2-3 Summary

Huck and Tom tiptoe through the garden. Huck trips on a
root as he passes the kitchen. Jim, a "big" slave, hears
him from inside. Tom and Huck crouch down, trying to stay still. But
Huck is struck by an uncontrollable itch, as always happens when he
is in a situation, like when he's "with the quality," where
it is bad to scratch. Jim says aloud that he will stay put until he
discovers the source of the sound, but after several minutes falls
asleep. Tom plays a trick on Jim{putting his hat on a tree branch
over his head{and takes candles from the kitchen, over Huck's
objections that they will risk getting caught. Later, Jim will say
that some witches ew him around the state and put the hat above his
head as a calling card. He expands the tale further, becoming a local
celebrity among the slaves, who enjoy witch stories. He wears around
his neck the five-cent piece Tom left for the candles, calling it a
charm from the devil with the power to cure sickness. Jim nearly
becomes so stuck-up from his newfound celebrity that he is unfit to
be a servant.

Meanwhile, Tom and Huck meet up with a few other boys,
and take a boat to a large cave. There, Tom declares his new band of
robbers, "Tom Sawyer's Gang." All must sign in blood an
oath vowing, among other things, to kill the family of any member who
reveals the gang's secrets. The boys think it "a real beautiful
oath." Tom admits he got part of it from books. The boys nearly
disqualify Huck, who has no family but a drunken father who can never
be found, until Huck offers Miss Watson. Tom says the gang must
capture and ransom people, though nobody knows what "ransom"
means.

Tom assumes it means to kill them. But anyway, it must
be done since all the books say so. When one boy cries to go home and
threatens to tell the group's secrets, Tom bribes him with five
cents. They agree to meet again someday, just not Sunday, which would
be blasphemous. Huckleberry makes it back into bed just before dawn.

Miss Watson tries to explain prayer to Huckleberry in
Chapter Three. Huckleberry gives up on it after not getting what he
prays for. Miss Watson calls him a fool, and explains prayer bestows
spiritual gifts like sel essness to help others. Huck cannot see any
advantage in this, except for the others one helps. So he resolves to
forget it. Widow Douglas describes a wonderful God, while Miss
Watson's is terrible. Huck concludes there are two Gods. He would
like to belong to Widow Douglas's, if He would take him – unlikely
because of Huck's bad qualities.

Meanwhile, a rumor circulates that Huck's Pap, who has
not been seen in a year, is dead. A corpse was found in the river,
thought to be Pap because of its "ragged" appearance,
though the face is unrecognizable. At first Huck is relieved. His
father had been a drunk who beat him when he was sober, though Huck
stayed hidden from him most of the time. Soon, however, Huck doubts
his father's death, and expects to see him again.

After a month in Tom's gang, Huck quit along with the
rest of the boys. There was no point to it, without any robbery or
killing, their activities being all pretend. Once, Tom pretended a
caravan of Arabs and Spaniards were going to encamp nearby with
hundreds of camels and elephants. It turned out to be a Sunday school
picnic. Tom explained it really was a caravan of Arabs and Spaniards
- only they were enchanted, like in Don Quixote. Huckleberry judged
Tom's stories of genies to be lies, after rubbing old lamps and rings
with no result.

Chapters 4-6 Summary

In Chapter Four, Huckleberry is gradually adjusting to
his new life, and even making small progress in school. One winter
morning, Huck notices boot tracks in the snow near the house. Within
one heel print is the shape of two nails crossed to ward off the
devil. Huck runs to Judge Thatcher, looking over his shoulder as he
does. He sells his fortune to the surprised Judge for a dollar. That
night Huck goes to Jim, who has a magical giant hairball from an ox's
stomach. Huck tells Jim he found Pap's tracks in the snow and wants
to know what his father wants. Jim says the hairball needs money to
talk, and so Huck gives a counterfeit quarter. Jim puts his ear to
the hairball, and relates that Huck's father has two angels, one
black and one white, one bad, one good. It is uncertain which will
win out. But Huck is safe for now. He will have much happiness and
much sorrow in his life, will marry a poor and then a rich woman, and
should stay clear of the water, since that is where he will die. That
night, Huck finds Pap waiting in his bedroom!

Pap's long, greasy, black hair hangs over his face. The
nearly fifty-year-old man's skin is a ghastly, disgusting white.
Noticing Huck's "starchy" clothes, Pap wonders aloud if he
thinks himself better than his father, promising to take him "down
a peg." Pap promises to teach Widow Douglas not to "meddle"
and make a boy "put on airs over his own father." Pap is
outraged that Huck has become the first person in his family to learn
to read. He threatens Huck not to go near the school again. He asks
Huck if he is really rich, as he has heard, and calls him a liar when
he says he has no more money.

He takes the dollar Huck got from Judge Thatcher. He
leaves to get whiskey, and the next day, drunk, demands Huck's money
from Judge Thatcher. The Judge and Widow Douglas try to get custody
of Huck, but give up after the new judge in town refuses to separate
a father from his son. Pap lands in jail after a drunken spree. The
new judge takes Pap into his home and tries to reform him. Pap
tearfully repents his ways but soon gets drunk again. The new judge
decides Pap cannot be reformed except with a shotgun.

Pap sues Judge Thatcher for Huck's fortune. He also
continues to threaten Huck about attending school, which Huck does
partly to spite his father. Pap goes on one drunken binge after
another. One day he kidnaps Huck and takes him deep into the woods,
to a secluded cabin on the Illinois shore. He locks Huck inside all
day while he goes out. Huck enjoys being away from civilization
again, though he does not like his father's beatings and his
drinking. Eventually, Huck finds an old saw hidden away. He slowly
makes a hole in the wall while his father is away, resolved to escape
from both Pap and the Widow Douglas. But Pap returns as Huck is about
to finish. He complains about the "govment," saying Judge
Thatcher has delayed the trial to prevent Pap from getting Huck's
wealth. He has heard his chances are good, though he will probably
lose the fight for custody of Huck. He further rails against a
biracial black visitor to the town. The visitor is well dressed,
university- educated, and not at all deferential. Pap is disgusted
that the visitor can vote in his home state, and that legally he
cannot be sold into slavery until he has been in the state six
months. Later, Pap wakes from a drunken sleep and chases after Huck
with a knife, calling him the "Angel of Death," stopping
when he collapses in sleep. Huck holds the ri e against his sleeping
father and waits.

Chapters 7-10 Summary

Huck falls asleep, to be awakened by Pap, who is unaware
of the night's events. Pap sends Huck out to check for fish. Huck
finds a canoe drifting in the river and hides it in the woods. When
Pap leaves for the day, Huck finishes sawing his way out of the
cabin. He puts food, cookware, everything of value in the cabin, into
the canoe. He covers up the hole in the wall and then shoots a wild
pig. He hacks down the cabin door, hacks the pig to bleed onto the
cabin's dirt oor, and makes other preparations so that it seems
robbers came and killed him. Huck goes to the canoe and waits for the
moon to rise, resolving to canoe to Jackson's Island, but falls
asleep. When he wakes he sees Pap row by. Once he has passed, Huck
quietly sets out down river. He pulls into Jackson's Island, careful
not to be seen.

The next morning in Chapter Eight, a boat passes by with
Pap, Judge and Becky Thatcher, Tom Sawyer, his Aunt Polly, some of
Huck's young friends, and "plenty more" on board, all
discussing the murder. They shoot cannon over the water and oat
loaves of bread with mercury inside, in hopes of locating Huck's
corpse. Huck, careful not to be seen, catches a loaf and eats it.

Exploring the island, Huck is delighted to find Jim, who
at first thinks Huck is a ghost. Now Huck won't be lonely anymore.
Huck is shocked when Jim explains he ran away. Jim overheard Miss
Watson discussing selling him for eight hundred dollars, to a slave
trader who would take him to New Orleans. He left before she had a
chance to decide. Jim displays a great knowledge of superstition. He
tells Huck how he once "speculated" ten dollars in
(live)stock, but lost most of it when the steer died. He then lost
five dollars in a failed slave start-up bank. He gave his last ten
cents to a slave, who gave it away after a preacher told him that
charity repays itself one-hundred-fold. It didn't. But Jim still has
his hairy arms and chest, a portent of future wealth. He also now
owns all eight-hundred- dollars' worth of himself.

In Chapter Nine, Jim and Huck take the canoe and
provisions into the large cavern in the middle of the island, to have
a hiding place in case of visitors, and to protect their things. Jim
predicted it would rain, and soon it downpours, with the two safely
inside the cavern. The river oods severely.

A washed-out houseboat oats down the river past the
island. Jim and Huck find a man's body inside, shot in the back. Jim
prevents Huck from looking at the face; it's too "ghastly."
They make off with some odds and ends. Huck has Jim hide in the
bottom of the canoe so he won't be seen. They make it back safely to
the cave.

In Chapter Ten, Huck wonders about the dead man, though
Jim warns it's bad luck. Sure enough, bad luck comes: as a joke, Huck
puts a dead rattlesnake near Jim's sleeping place, and its mate comes
and bites Jim. Jim's leg swells, but after four days it goes down. A
while later, Huck decides to go ashore and to find out what's new.
Jim agrees, but has Huck disguise himself as a girl, with one of the
dresses they took from the houseboat.

Huck practices his girl impersonation, then sets out for
the Illinois shore. In a formerly abandoned shack, he finds a woman
who looks forty, and also appears a newcomer. Huck is relieved she is
a newcomer, since she will not be able to recognize him.

Chapters 11-13 Summary

The woman eyes Huckleberry somewhat suspiciously as she
lets him in. Huck introduces himself as "Sarah Williams,"
from Hookerville. The woman "clatters on," eventually
getting to Huck's murder. She reveals that Pap was suspected and
nearly lynched, but people came to suspect Jim, since he ran away the
same day Huck was killed. There is a three- hundred-dollar price on
Jim's head. But soon, suspicions turned again to Pap, after he blew
money the judge gave him to find Jim on drink. But he left town
before he could be lynched, and now there is two hundred dollars on
his head. The woman has noticed smoke over on Jackson's Island, and,
suspecting that Jim might be hiding there, told her husband to look.
He will go there tonight with another man and a gun. The woman looks
at Huck suspiciously and asks his name.

He replies, "Mary Williams." When the woman
asks about the change, he covers himself, saying his full name is
"Sarah Mary Williams." She has him try to kill a rat by
pitching a lump of lead at it, and he nearly hits. Finally, she asks
him to reveal his (male) identity, saying she understands that he is
a runaway apprentice and will not turn him in. He says his name is
George Peters, and he was indeed apprenticed to a mean farmer. She
lets him go after quizzing him on farm subjects, to make sure he's
telling the truth. She tells him to send for her, Mrs. Judith Loftus,
if he has trouble. Back at the island, Huck tells Jim they must shove
off, and they hurriedly pack their things and slowly ride out on a
raft they had found.

Huck and Jim build a wigwam on the raft in Chapter
Twelve. They spend a number of days drifting down river, passing the
great lights of St. Louis on the fifth night. They "lived pretty
high," buying, "borrowing", or hunting food as they
need it. One night they come upon a wreaked steamship. Over Jim's
objections, Huck goes onto the wreck, to loot it and have an
"adventure," the way Tom Sawyer would. On the wreck, Huck
overhears two robbers threatening to kill a third so that he won't
"talk."

One of the two manages to convince the other to let
their victim be drowned with the wreck. They leave. Huck finds Jim
and says they have to cut the robbers' boat loose so they can't
escape. Jim says that their own raft has broken loose and oated away.
Huck and Jim head for the robbers' boat in Chapter Thirteen. The
robbers put some booty in the boat, but leave to get some more money
off the man on the steamboat. Jim and Huck jump right into the boat
and head off as quietly as possible. A few hundred yards safely away,
Huck feels bad for the robbers left stranded on the wreck since, who
knows, he may end up a robber himself someday. They find their raft
just before they stop for Huck to go ashore for help. Ashore, Huck
finds a ferry watchman, and tells him his family is stranded on the
steamboat wreck. The watchman tell him the wreck is of the Walter
Scott. Huck invents an elaborate story as to how his family got on
the wreck, including the niece of a local big shot among them, so
that the man is more than happy to take his ferry to help. Huck feels
good about his good deed, and thinks Widow Douglas would have been
proud of him. Jim and Huck turn into an island, and sink the robbers'
boat before going to bed.

Chapters 14-16 Summary

Jim and Huck find a number of valuables among the
robbers' booty in Chapter Fourteen, mostly trinkets and cigars. Jim
says he doesn't enjoy Huck's "adventures," since they risk
his getting caught. Huck recognizes that Jim is intelligent, at least
for what Huck thinks of a black person. Huck astonishes Jim with his
stories of kings. Jim had only heard of King Solomon, whom he
considers a fool for wanting to chop a baby in half. Huck cannot
convince Jim otherwise. Huck also tells Jim about the "dolphin,"
son of the executed King Louis XVI of France, rumored to be wandering
America. Jim is incredulous when Huck explains that the French do not
speak English, but another language. Huck tries to argue the point
with Jim, but gives up in defeat.

Huck and Jim are nearing the Ohio River, their goal, in
Chapter Fifteen. But one densely foggy night, Huck, in the canoe,
gets separated from Jim and the raft. He tries to paddle back to it,
but the fog is so thick he loses all sense of direction. After a
lonely time adrift, Huck is reunited with Jim, who is asleep on the
raft. Jim is thrilled to see Huck alive. But Huck tries to trick Jim,
pretending he dreamed their entire separation. Jim tells Huck the
story of his dream, making the fog and the troubles he faced on the
raft into an allegory of their journey to the free states. But soon
Jim notices all the debris, dirt and tree branches, that collected on
the raft while it was adrift.

He gets mad at Huck for making a fool of him after he
had worried about him so much. "It was fifteen minutes before I
could work myself up to go and humble myself to a nigger," but
Huck apologizes, and does not regret it. He feels bad about hurting
Jim. Jim and Huck hope they don't miss Cairo, the town at the mouth
of the Ohio River, which runs into the free states. Meanwhile, Huck's
conscience troubles him deeply about helping Jim escape from his
"rightful owner," Miss Watson, especially after her
consideration for Huck. Jim can't stop talking about going to the
free states, especially about his plan to earn money to buy his wife
and children's freedom, or have some abolitionists kidnap them if
their masters refuse. When they think they see Cairo, Jim goes out on
the canoe to check, secretly resolved to give Jim up. But his heart
softens when he hears Jim call out that he is his only friend, the
only one to keep a promise to him. Huck comes upon some men in a boat
who want to search his raft for escaped slaves. Huck pretends to be
grateful, saying no one else would help them. He leads them to
believe his family, on board the raft, has smallpox. The men back
away, telling Huck to go further downstream and lie about his
family's condition to get help. They leave forty dollars in gold out
of pity. Huck feels bad for having done wrong by not giving Jim up.

But he realizes that he would have felt just as bad if
he had given Jim up. Since good and bad seem to have the same
results, Huck resolves to disregard morality in the future and do
what's "handiest." Floating along, they pass several towns
that are not Cairo, and worry that they passed it in the fog. They
stop for the night, and resolve to take the canoe upriver, but in the
morning it is gone{ more bad luck from the rattlesnake. Later, a
steamboat drives right into the raft, breaking it apart. Jim and Huck
dive off in time, but are separated. Huck makes it ashore, but is
caught by a pack of dogs.

Chapters 17-19 Summary

A man finds Huck in Chapter Seventeen and calls off the
dogs. Huck introduces himself as George Jackson. The man brings
"George" home, where he is eyed cautiously as a possible
member of the Sheperdson family. But they decide he is not. The lady
of the house has Buck, a boy about Huck's age (thirteen or fourteen)
get Huck some dry clothes. Buck says he would have killed a
Shepardson if there had been any. Buck tells Huck a riddle, though
Huck does not understand the concept of riddles. Buck says Huck must
stay with him and they will have great fun. Huck invents an elaborate
story of how he was orphaned. The family, the Grangerfords, offer to
let him stay with them for as long as he likes. Huck innocently
admires the house and its (humorously tacky) finery. He similarly
admires the work of a deceased daughter, Emmeline, who created
(unintentionally funny) maudlin pictures and poems about people who
died. "Nothing couldn't be better" than life at the
comfortable house.

Huck admires Colonel Grangerford, the master of the
house, and his supposed gentility. He is a warm- hearted man, treated
with great courtesy by everyone. He own a very large estate with over
a hundred slaves. The family's children, besides Buck, are Bob, the
oldest, then Tom, then Charlotte, aged twenty-five, and Sophia,
twenty, all of them beautiful. Three sons have been killed. One day,
Buck tries to shoot Harney Shepardson, but misses. Huck asks why he
wanted to kill him. Buck explains the Grangerfords are in a feud with
a neighboring clan of families, the Shepardsons, who are as grand as
they are. No one can remember how the feud started, or name a purpose
for it, but in the last year two people have been killed, including a
fourteen-year-old Grangerford. Buck declares the Shepardson men all
brave. The two families attend church together, their ri es between
their knees as the minister preaches about brotherly love. After
church one day, Sophia has Huck retrieve a bible from the pews. She
is delighted to find inside a note with the words "two-thirty."
Later, Huck's slave valet leads him deep into the swamp, telling him
he wants to show him some water-moccasins. There he finds Jim! Jim
had followed Huck to the shore the night they were wrecked, but did
not dare call out for fear of being caught. In the last few days he
has repaired the raft and bought supplies to replace what was lost.
The next day Huck learns that Sophie has run off with a Shepardson
boy. In the woods, Huck finds Buck and a nineteen-year-old
Grangerford in a gun-fight with the Shepardsons. The two are later
killed. Deeply disturbed, Huck heads for Jim and the raft, and the
two shove off downstream. Huck notes, "You feel mighty free and
easy and comfortable on a raft."

Huck and Jim are lazily drifting down the river in
Chapter Nineteen. One day they come upon two men on shore eeing some
trouble and begging to be let onto the raft. Huck takes them a mile
downstream to safety. One man is about seventy, bald, with whiskers,
the other, thirty. Both men's clothes are badly tattered. The men do
not know each other but are in similar predicaments. The younger man
had been selling a paste to remove tartar from teeth that takes much
of the enamel off with it. He ran out to avoid the locals' ire. The
other had run a temperance (sobriety) revival meeting, but had to ee
after word got out that he drank. The two men, both professional
scam-artists, decide to team up. The younger man declares himself an
impoverished English duke, and gets Huck and Jim to wait on him and
treat him like royalty. The old man then reveals his true identity as
the Dauphin, Louis XVI's long lost son. Huck and Jim then wait on him
as they had the "duke." Soon Huck realizes the two are
liars, but to prevent "quarrels," does not let on that he
knows.

Chapters 20-22 Summary

The Duke and Dauphin ask whether Jim is a runaway, and
so Huckleberry concocts a tale of how he was orphaned, and he and Jim
were forced to travel at night since so many people stopped his boat
to ask whether Jim was a runaway. That night, the two royals take Jim
and Huck's beds while they stand watch against a storm. The next
morning, the Duke gets the Dauphin to agree to put on a performance
of Shakespeare in the next town they cross. Everyone in the town has
left for a revival meeting in the woods. The meeting is a lively
afiair of several thousand people singing and shouting.

The Dauphin gets up and declares himself a former
pirate, now reformed by the meeting, who will return to the Indian
Ocean as a missionary. The crowd joyfully takes up a collection,
netting the Dauphin eighty-seven dollars and seventy-five cents, and
many kisses from pretty young women. Meanwhile, the Duke took over
the deserted print offce and got nine and a half dollars selling
advertisements in the local newspaper. The Duke also prints up a
handbill offering a reward for Jim, so that they can travel freely by
day and tell whoever asks about Jim that the slave is their captive.
The Duke and Dauphin practice the balcony scene from Romeo and Juliet
and the sword fight from Richard III on the raft in Chapter
Twenty-one.

The duke also works on his recitation of Hamlet's "To
be or not to be," soliloquy, which he has butchered, throwing in
lines from other parts of the play, and even Macbeth. But to Huck,
the Duke seems to possess a great talent. They visit a one-horse town
in Arkansas where lazy young men loiter in the streets, arguing over
chewing tobacco. The Duke posts handbills for the performance. Huck
witnesses the shooting of a rowdy drunk by a man, Sherburn, he
insulted, in front of the victim's daughter. A crowd gathers around
the dying man and then goes off to lynch Sherburn.

The mob charges through the streets in Chapter
Twenty-two, sending women and children running away crying in its
wake. They go to Sherburn's house, knock down the front fence, but
back away as the man meets them on the roof of his front porch, ri e
in hand. After a chilling silence, Sherburn delivers a haughty speech
on human nature, saying the average person, and everyone in the mob,
is a coward. Southern juries don't convict murderers because they
rightly fear being shot in the back, in the dark, by the man's
family. Mobs are the most pitiful of all, since no one in them is
brave enough in his own right to commit the act without the mass
behind him. Sherburn declares no one will lynch him: it is daylight
and the Southern way is to wait until dark and come wearing masks.
The mob disperses. Huck then goes to the circus, a "splendid"
show, whose clown manages to come up with fantastic one-liners in a
remarkably short amount of time. A performer, pretending to be a
drunk, forces himself into the ring and tries to ride a horse,
apparently hanging on for dear life. The crowd roars its amusement,
except for Huck, who cannot bear to watch the poor man's danger. Only
twelve people came to the Duke's performance, and they laughed all
the way through. So the Duke prints another handbill, this time
advertising a performance of "The King's Cameleopard [Girafie]
or The Royal Nonesuch." Bold letters across the bottom read,
"Women and Children Not Admitted."

Chapters 23-25 Summary

The new performance plays to a capacity audience. The
Dauphin, naked except for body paint and some "wild"
accouterments, has the audience howling with laughter. But the Duke
and Dauphin are nearly attacked when the show is ended after this
brief performance. To avoid losing face, the audience convinces the
rest of the town the show is a smash, and a capacity crowd follows
the second night. As the Duke anticipated, the third night's crowd
consists of the two previous audiences coming to get their revenge.
The Duke and Huck make a getaway to the raft before the show starts.
From the three-night run, they took in four-hundred sixty-five
dollars. Jim is shocked that the royals are such "rapscallions."
Huck explains that history shows nobles to be rapscallions who
constantly lie, steal, and decapitate{describing in the process how
Henry VIII started the Boston Tea Party and wrote the Declaration of
Independence. Huck doesn't see the point in telling Jim the two are
fakes; besides, they really do seem like the real thing. Jim spends
his night watches "moaning and mourning" for his wife and
two children, Johnny and Lizabeth. Though "It don't seem
natural," Huck concludes that Jim loves his family as much as
whites love theirs. Jim is torn apart when he hears a thud in the
distance, because it reminds him of the time he beat his Lizabeth for
not doing what he said, not realizing she had been made deaf-mute by
her bout with scarlet fever.

In Chapter Twenty-four, Jim complains about having to
wait, frightened, in the boat, tied up (to avoid suspicion) while the
others are gone. So the Duke dresses Jim in a calico stage robe and
blue face paint, and posts a sign, "Sick Arab{but harmless when
not out of his head." Ashore and dressed up in their newly
bought clothes, the Dauphin decides to make a big entrance by
steamboat into the next town. The Dauphin calls Huck "Adolphus,"
and encounters a talkative young man who tells him about the recently
deceased Peter Wilks. Wilks sent for his two brothers from Shefield,
England: Harvey, whom he had not seen since he was five, and William,
who is deaf-mute. He has left all his property to his brothers,
though it seems uncertain whether they will ever arrive. The Dauphin
gets the young traveler, who is en route to Rio de Janeiro, to tell
him everything about the Wilks. In Wilks' town, they ask after Peter
Wilks, pretending anguish when told of his death. The Dauphin even
makes strange hand signs to the Duke. "It was enough to make a
body ashamed of the human race," Huck thinks.

A crowd gathers before Wilks' house in Chapter
Twenty-five, as the Duke and Dauphin share a tearful meeting with the
three Wilks daughters. The entire town then joins in the
"blubbering." "I never see anything so disgusting,"
Huck thinks. Wilks' letter (which he left instead of a will) leaves
the house and three thousand dollars to his daughters, and to his
brothers, three thousand dollars, plus a tan-yard and seven thousand
dollars in real estate. The Duke and Dauphin privately count the
money, adding four-hundred fifteen dollars of their own money when
the stash comes up short of the letter's six-thousand, for
appearances. They then give it all to the Wilks women in a great show
before a crowd of townspeople. Doctor Abner Shackleford, an old
friend of the deceased, interrupts to declare them frauds, their
accents ridiculously phony. He asks Mary Jane, the oldest Wilks
sister, to listen to him as a friend and turn the impostors out. In
reply, she hands the Dauphin the six thousand dollars to invest
however he sees fit.

Chapters 26-28 Summary

Huck has supper with Joanna, a Wilks sister he refers to
as "the Harelip" ("Cleft lip," a birth defect she
possesses). She cross-examines Huckleberry on his knowledge of
England. He makes several slips, forgetting he is supposedly from
Shefield, and that the Dauphin is supposed to be a Protestant
minister.

Finally she asks whether he hasn't made the entire thing
up. Mary Jane and Susan interrupt and instruct Joanna to be courteous
to their guest. She graciously apologizes. Huck feels awful about
letting such sweet women be swindled. He resolves to get them their
money. He goes to the Duke and Dauphin's room to search for the
money, but hides when they enter. The Duke wants to leave that very
night, but the Dauphin convinces him to stay until they have stolen
all the family's property. After they leave, Huckleberry takes the
gold to his sleeping cubby, and then sneaks out late at night.

Huck hides the sack of money in Wilks' coffn in Chapter
Twenty-seven, as Mary Jane, crying, enters the front room. Huck
doesn't get another opportunity to safely remove the money, and feels
dejected that the Duke and Dauphin will likely get it back. The
funeral the next day is briefly interrupted by the racket the dog is
making down cellar. The undertaker slips out, and after a "whack"
is heard from downstairs, the undertaker returns, whispering loudly
to the preacher, "He had a rat!" Huck remarks how the
rightfully popular undertaker satisfied the people's natural
curiosity.

Huck observes with horror as the undertaker seals the
coffn without looking inside. Now he will never know whether the
money was stolen from the coffn, or if he should write Mary Jane to
dig up the coffn for it.

Saying he will take the Wilks' family to England, the
Dauphin sells off the estate and the slaves. He sends a mother to New
Orleans and her two sons to Memphis. The scene at the grief-stricken
family's separation is heart-rending. But Huck comforts himself that
they will be reunited in a week or so when the Duke and Dauphin are
exposed. When questioned by the Duke and Dauphin, Huck blames the
loss of the six thousand dollars on the slaves they just sold, making
the two regret the deed.

Huck finds Mary Jane crying in her bedroom in Chapter
Twenty-eight. All joy regarding the trip to England has been
destroyed by the thought of the slave mother and children never
seeing each other again. Touched, Huck unthinkingly blurts out that
the family will be reunited in less than two weeks. Mary Jane,
overjoyed, asks Huck to explain. Huck is uneasy, having little
experience telling the truth while in a predicament. He tells Mary
Jane the truth, but asks her to wait at a relative's house until
eleven that night to give him time to get away, since the fate of
another person hangs in the balance. He tells her about the Royal
Nonesuch incident, saying that town will provide witnesses against
the frauds. He instructs her to leave without seeing her "uncles,"
since her innocent face would give away their secret. He leaves her a
note with the location of the money. She promises to remember him
forever, and pray for him. Though Huck will never see her again, he
will think of her often. Huck meets Susan and Joanna, and says Mary
Jane has gone to see a sick relative. Joanna cross-examines him about
this, but he manages to trick them into staying quiet about the whole
thing{almost as well as Tom Sawyer would have. But later, the auction
is interrupted by a mob{ bringing the real Harvey and William Wilks!

Chapters 29-31 Summary

The real Harvey, in an authentic English accent,
explains the delay: their luggage has been misdirected, and his
brother's arm has been broken, making him unable to sign. The doctor
again declares The Duke and Dauphin frauds, and has the crowd bring
both real and fraudulent Wilks brothers to a tavern for examination.
The frauds draw suspicion when they are unable to produce the six
thousand dollars. A lawyer friend of the deceased has the Duke,
Dauphin, and the real Harvey sign a piece of paper, then compares the
writing samples to letters he has from the real Harvey.

The frauds are disproved, but the Dauphin doesn't give
up. So the real Harvey declares he knows of a tattoo on his brother's
chest, asking the undertaker who dressed the body to back him up. But
after the Dauphin and Harvey say what they think the tattoo is, the
undertaker declares there wasn't one at all. The mob cries out for
the blood of all four men, but the lawyer instead sends them out to
exhume the body and check for the tattoo themselves. The mob carries
the four and Huckleberry with them. The mob is shocked to discover
the gold in the coffn. In the excitement, Huck escapes. Passing the
Wilks's house, he notices a light in the upstairs window.

Huck steals a canoe and makes his way to the raft, and,
exhausted, shoves off. Huck dances for joy on the raft, but his heart
sinks as the Duke and Dauphin approach in a boat.

The Dauphin nearly strangles Huck in Chapter Thirty, out
of anger at his desertion. But the Duke stops him. They explain that
they escaped after the gold was found. The thieves start arguing
about which one of the two hid the gold in the coffn, to come back
for later. But they make up and go to sleep.

They take the raft downstream without stopping for
several days. The Duke and Dauphin try several scams on various
towns, without success. The two start to have secret discussions,
worrying Jim and Huck, who resolve to ditch them at the first
opportunity. Finally, the Duke, Dauphin, and Huck go ashore in one
town to feel it out. The Duke and Dauphin get into a fight in a
tavern, and Huck takes the chance to escape. But back at the raft,
there is no sign of Jim. A boy explains that a man recognized Jim as
a runaway from a handbill they had found, offering two hundred
dollars for him in New Orleans{the handbill the Duke had printed
earlier. But he said he had to leave suddenly, and so sold his
interest for forty dollars. Huck is disgusted by the Dauphin's trick.
He would like to write to Miss Watson to fetch Jim, so he could at
least be home and not in New Orleans. But he realizes she would
simply sell him downstream anyway, and he would get in trouble as
well. The predicament is surely God's punishment for his helping Jim.
Huck tries to pray for forgiveness, but cannot.

He writes the letter to Miss Watson giving Jim up. But
thinking of the time he spent with Jim, of his kind heart and their
friendship, Huck trembles. After a minute he decides, "All right
then, I'll go to hell!" He resolves to "steal Jim out of
slavery." He goes in his store-bought clothes to see Phelps, the
man who is holding Jim. He finds the Duke putting up posters for the
Royal Nonesuch. Huck concocts a story about how he wandered the town,
but didn't find Jim or the raft. The Duke says he sold Jim to a man
forty miles away, and sends Huck on the three day trip to get him.

Chapters 32-35 Summary

Huck goes back to the Phelps's house in Chapter
Thirty-two. A bunch of hounds threaten him, but a slave woman calls
them off. The white mistress of the house, Sally, comes out,
delighted to see the boy she is certain is her nephew, Tom. Sally
asks why he has been delayed the last several days. He explains that
a cylinder- head on the steamboat blew out. She asks whether anyone
got hurt, and he replies no, but it killed a black person. The woman
is relieved that no one was hurt. Huck is nervous about not having
any information on his identity, but when Sally's husband, Silas,
returns, he shouts out for joy that Tom Sawyer has finally arrived!
Hearing a steamboat go up the river, Huck heads out to the docks,
supposedly to get his luggage, but really to head off Tom should he
arrive.

Huck interrupts Tom's wagon coming down the road in
Chapter Thirty-three. Tom is at first startled by the "ghost,"
but is eventually convinced that Huck is alive. He even agrees to
help Huck free Jim. Huck is shocked by this: "Tom Sawyer fell,
considerable, in my estimation." Tom follows Huck to the
Phelps's a half hour later. The isolated family is thrilled to have
another guest. Tom introduces himself as William Thompson from Ohio,
stopping on his way to visit his uncle nearby. But Tom slips and
kisses his aunt, who is outraged by such familiarity from a stranger.
Taken aback for a few moments, Tom recovers by saying he is another
relative, Sid Sawyer, and this has all been a joke. Later, walking
through town, Huck sees the Duke and Dauphin taken by a mob, tarred
and feathered on a rail. Jim had told on the pair. Tom feels bad for
the two, and his ill feelings toward them melt away. "Human
beings can be awful cruel to one another," Huck observes.

Huck concludes that a conscience is useless, since it
makes you feel bad for everyone. Tom agrees. Huck is impressed by
Tom's intelligence when he skillfully figures out that Jim is being
held in a shed. Huck's plan to free Jim is to steal the key and make
off with Jim by night. Tom belittles this plan for its simplicity and
lack of showmanship. Tom's plan is fifteen times better than Huck's
for its style{it might even get all three killed. Meanwhile, Huck is
incredulous that respectable Tom is going to sacrifice his reputation
by helping a slave escape.

Huck and Tom get Jim's keeper, a superstitious slave, to
let them see him. When Jim cries out for joy, Tom tricks Jim's keeper
into thinking the cry a trick some witches had played on him. Tom and
Huck promise to dig Jim out.

Tom is upset in Chapter Thirty-five. Innocent uncle
Phelps has taken so few precautions to guard Jim, they have to invent
all the obstacles to his rescue. Tom says they must saw Jim's chain
off instead of just lifting it off the bedstead, since that's how
it's done in all the books. Similarly, Jim requires a rope ladder, a
moat, and a shirt on which to keep a journal, presumably in his own
blood. Sawing his leg off to escape would also be a nice touch. But
since they're pressed for time, they will dig Jim out with
case-knives (large kitchen knives).

Chapters 36-39 Summary

Out late at night, Huck and Tom give up digging with the
case-knives after much fruitless efiort. They use pick-axes instead,
but agree to "let on"{pretend{that they are using
case-knives. The next day, Tom and Huck gather candlesticks, candles,
spoons, and a tin plate. Jim can etch a declaration of his captivity
on the tin plate using the other objects, then throw it out the
window to be read by the world, like in the novels. That night, the
two boys dig their way to Jim, who is delighted to see them. He tells
them that Sally and Silas have been to visit and pray with him. He
doesn't understand the boys' scheme but agrees to go along. Tom
thinks the whole thing enormously fun and "intellectural."
He tricks Jim's keeper, Nat, into bringing Jim a "witch pie"
to help ward off the witches that have haunted Nat.

The missing shirt, candles, sheets, and other articles
Huck and Tom stole to give Jim get Aunt Sally mad at everyone but the
two boys in Chapter Thirty-seven. To make up, Huck and Tom secretly
plug up the holes of the rats that have supposedly stolen everything,
confounding Uncle Silas when he goes to do the job. By removing and
then replacing sheets and spoons, the two boys so confuse Sally that
she loses track of how many she has. It takes a great deal of trouble
to put the rope ladder (made of sheets) in the witch's pie, but at
last it is finished and they give it to Jim. Tom insists Jim scratch
an inscription on the wall of the shed, with his coat of arms, the
way the books say. Making the pens from the spoons and candlestick is
a great deal of trouble, but they manage. Tom creates an
unintentionally humorous coat of arms and set of mournful
declarations for Jim to inscribe on the wall. When Tom disapproves of
writing on a wooden, rather than a stone wall, they go steal a
millstone. Tom then tries to get Jim to take a rattlesnake or rat
into the shack to tame, and to grow a ower to water with his tears.
Jim protests against the ridiculously unnecessary amount of trouble
Tom wants to create. Tom replies that these are opportunities for
greatness.

Huck and Tom capture rats and snakes in Chapter
Thirty-nine, accidentally infesting the Phelps house with them. Aunt
Sally becomes wildly upset when the snakes start to fall from the
rafters onto her or her bed. Tom explains that that's just how women
are. Jim, meanwhile, hardly has room to move with all the wildlife in
his shed. Uncle Silas decides it is time to sell Jim, and starts
sending out advertisements. So Tom writes letters, signed an "unknown
friend," to the Phelps warning of trouble. The family is
terrified. Tom finishes with a longer letter pretending to be from a
member of a band of desperate gangsters out to steal Jim. The author
has found religion and so is warning them to block the plan.

Chapters 40-43 Summary

Fifteen uneasy local men with guns are in the Phelps's
front room. Huck goes to the shed to warn Tom and Jim. Tom is excited
to hear about the fifteen armed men. A group of men rush into the
shed. In the darkness Tom, Huck, and Jim escape through the hole. Tom
makes a noise going over the fence, attracting the attention of the
men, who shoot at them as they run. But they make it to the hidden
raft, and set off downstream, delighted with their success{especially
Tom, who has a bullet in the leg as a souvenir.

Huck and Jim are taken aback by Tom's wound. Jim says
they should get a doctor{what Tom would do if the situation were
reversed. Jim's reaction confirms Huck's belief that Jim is "white
inside."

Huck finds a doctor in Chapter Forty-one and sends him
to Tom. The next morning, Huck runs into Silas, who takes him home.
The place is filled with farmers and their wives, all discussing the
weird contents of Jim's shed, and the hole. They conclude a band of
(probably black) robbers of amazing skill must have tricked not only
the Phelps and their friends, but the original band of desperadoes.
Sally will not let Huck out to find Tom, since she is so sad to have
lost Tom and does not want to risk another boy. Huckleberry is
touched by her concern and vows never to hurt her again.

Silas has been unable to find Tom in Chapter Forty- two.
They have gotten a letter from Tom's Aunt Polly, Sally's sister. But
Sally casts it aside when she sees Tom, semi-conscious, brought in on
a mattress, accompanied by a crowd including Jim, in chains, and the
doctor. Some of the local men would like to hang Jim, but are
unwilling to risk having to compensate Jim's master. So they treat
Jim roughly, and chain him hand and foot inside the shed. The doctor
intervenes, saying Jim isn't bad, since he sacrificed his freedom to
help nurse Tom. Sally, meanwhile, is at Tom's bedside, glad that his
condition has improved. Tom wakes and gleefully details how they set
Jim free. He is horrified to learn that Jim is now in chains. He
explains that Jim was freed in Miss Watson's will when she died two
months ago.

She regretted ever having considered selling Jim down
the river. Just then, Aunt Polly walks into the room. She came after
Sally mysteriously wrote her that Sid Sawyer was staying with her.
After a tearful reunion with Sally, she identifies Tom and
Huckleberry, yelling at both boys for their misadventures. When
Huckleberry asks Tom in the last chapter what he planned to do once
he had freed the already- freed Jim, Tom replies that he was going to
repay Jim for his troubles and send him back a hero. When Aunt Polly
and the Phelps hear how Jim helped the doctor, they treat him much
better.

Tom gives Jim forty dollars for his troubles. Jim
declares that the omen of his hairy chest has come true. Tom makes a
full recovery, and has the bullet inserted into a watch he wears
around his neck. He and Huck would like to go on another adventure,
to Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma). But Huck worries Pap has
taken all his money. Jim tells him that couldn't have happened: the
dead body they found way back on the houseboat, that Jim would not
let Huck see, belonged to Pap. Huck has nothing more to write about.
He is "rotten glad," since writing a book turned out to be
quite a task. He does not plan any future writings. Instead, he hopes
to make the trip out to Indian Territory, since Aunt Sally is already
trying to "sivilize" him, and he's had enough of that.

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