2 Early Indian History Harappan civilization, a huge complex of cities and villages, developed rapidly during the 3rd millennium B.C.E. (3000 BCE) within the Indus river system. The two principal cities were Harappa, in the north, and Mohenjo-Daro, in the south. (similar to Egyptian culture) Can not read their language Do not know why they collapsed Picture of Harappan City 2

3 Picture of Harappan Seals Invasion of the Aryans Sometime after 2000 BCE Aryans move into area of northern India, language: Sanskrit Known as Vedic Period Culture c BCE to c. 500 BCE Aryans had metal and war chariots, thus is a warrior culture, Original Aryan culture had 3 groups: warriors, priests and commoners, they absorbed what was left of Harappan culture Leads to Caste system and Hinduism Caste System Varnas (colors)--different classes: Sub-castes called jatis Priests (Brahmins) Warriors (Kshatriyas) Merchants (Vaisyas) Peasants/Farmers (Sudras) Untouchables- Made up from conquered groups 3

4 Rig-Veda Mahabharata Ramayana Upanishads The Epics or Vedas Bhagavad Gita (part of the Mahabharata) The Mauryan Dynasty End of Vedic period around 500 BCE Rise of regional states, eventually one dominates, also reaction to invasion of Alexander the Great Chandragupta (322 BCE- 298 BCE) Grandson rules- Ashoka (269 BCE- 232 BCE), extends empire, also adopts Buddhism Empires declines after Ashoka s death, breaks up with civil war Map of Mauryan Empire 4

5 Stupa built during time of Ashoka- this one is located at Sanchi Rise of the Guptas Another outside groups comes in: Kushans but only last until 200 CE, Kushans do adopt Buddhism which they help to introduce to to China Wealthy landlord family develops into regional power, known as the Guptas (located on eastern Ganges plain) Weaker than earlier empire, not as large Map of Gupta Empire 5

6 Gupta Empire Considered a Golden Age Extensive trade with SE Asia including cotton (which was native to India) Little contact with China- WHY? Empire falls around 550 CE due to outside invaders India reverts to regional kingdoms One last attempt to unite India: Reign of Harsha ( ) who united most of northern India but short-lived. Harsha s Empire Hinduism Many gods but three major deities: Vishnu, Shiva & Brahma- belief in oneness of universe All life sacred, leads to Hindus being vegetarians plus cows have special significance Reincarnation: goal to achieve moksha, free of cycle of life and death (rebirth), union with universe Dharma: how you live your life, applied to following caste rules Karma: consequences of one s actions 6

7 Hinduism (cont.) World filled with good & evil No fixed rituals or established hierarchy, there are priests, but no formal clergy (used to have to be a Brahmin to be a priest) Human nature is basically good, thus achieving material well being and importance of family and love/sex is seen as good Hinduism spreads out of India and into SE Asia Buddhism Reaction to Hinduism Shares many beliefs with Hinduism such as dharma, karma, etc. Role of Siddartha aka Gautama Buddha, lived between c. 563 BCE to 480 BCE Goal to achieve nirvana, a release from the cycles of life and rebirth The Four Noble Truths Eight Fold Path Buddhism (Cont.) After death of Buddha, Buddhism starts to spread in India, helped by Ashoka After Ashoka, Buddhism splits into two: Theravada & Mayayana Role of the Bodhisattvas Stress on mediatation and other techniques Spreads to both SE Asia and East Asia Japanese version known as Zen 7

8 Spread of Buddhism How different? India and China How alike? Major World Religions Today 8

Lesson 1 Summary Lesson 1: Geography of South Asia Use with pages 122 127. Vocabulary subcontinent a large region separated by water from other land areas monsoon season the rainy season subsistence farming

Ancient India Geography Of India India is called a subcontinent. Subcontinent: a large landmass that is smaller than a continent India is separated from the north by the Himalayan and Hindu Kush Mountains.

The emergence of South Asian Civilization. September 26, 2013 Review What was the relationship of Han China to Vietnam, and to Korea? Who were the Xiongnu? (What is a barbarian?) What was the Silk Road?

Ancient India Section Notes Geography and Early India Origins of Hinduism Origins of Buddhism Indian Empires Indian Achievements History Close-up Life in Mohenjo Daro Quick Facts The Varnas Major Beliefs

Chapters 4 & 9 South Asia The first agricultural civilization in India was located in the Indus River valley. Its two main cities were Mohenjo Daro and Harappa. Its writing, however, has never been deciphered,

India has several unique geographical regions that helped to shape Indian culture and society. Aryan Warriors who spoke an Indo-European language invaded India, conquered the Dravidian people that lived

Unit 4: Ancient River Valley Civilizations - India Standard(s) of Learning: WHI.4 The student will demonstrate knowledge of the civilization of Persia, India, and China in terms of chronology, geography,

CLASSICAL INDIA FROM THE MAURYANS TO THE GUPTAS RISE OF MAURYAN EMPIRE Ganges Republics Prior to Alexander, kshatriyan republics dominated, vied for power Maghda was one of the most dominant Western Intrusions

I. India A. Geography - Located in southern Asia, India is a triangular shaped subcontinent. 1. Subcontinent - A large distinguishable part of a continent 2. Due to the geographic diversity of India, over

India Notes The Indian Civilization The study of Ancient India includes 3 time periods: Indian Geography The 1 st Indian Civilization began along the River now located in the country of. Many people know

1 World History Topic 3 Reading Guide Ancient India and China Lesson 1: Early Civilization in South China Key Terms Using your text, or https://quizlet.com/_5flv2d, write each term in your own words subcontinent

Hinduism Practiced by the various cultures of the Indian subcontinent since 1500 BCE. Began in India with the Aryan invaders. Believe in one supreme force called Brahma, the creator, who is in all things.

SOUTHWESTERN CHRISTIAN SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY STUDY GUIDE # 8 : ANCIENT INDIA 3,000 BC 200 BC LEARNING OBJECTIVES STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY THE MAJOR GEOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT

Starter A: 10/4 B: 10/5 Brainstorm, Sort and Label: With your neighbor: name everything you know about Ancient China and India. Procedures: 1. Write down the things associated with the topic 2. Group the

Cultures of Persia, India, and china WH I 4a-e Vocabulary Power Imperial Bureaucracy- How Persia governed its empire- Divided empire into provinces each with its own administrator Zoroastrianism- monotheistic

Lesson 1 Early Civilizations ESSENTIAL QUESTION How does geography influence the way people live? GUIDING QUESTIONS 1. How did physical geography and climate influence the development of civilization in

WORLD HISTORY The Ancient Civilizations of India Indus River Valley The Ancient World https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=j1iltq43rb g&feature=youtu.be Indus Valley Civilization Geography of the Indian Subcontinent

Ancient India Himalaya Tallest mountains in the world. Hindu Kush To the NW, above the Indus river. Khyber Pass Mountain pass in the Hindu Kush. This was the passage for invaders who entered India. 29,

Lesson 1 Early Civilizations ESSENTIAL QUESTION How does geography influence the way people live? GUIDING QUESTIONS 1. How did physical geography and climate influence the development of civilization in

SOL 4 - World History I Ancient Persian, India & China Zoroastrianism was the main Persian religion, although other religions were tolerated. Persian Empire Built on earlier Central Asian and Mesopotamian

India and China Chapter 3 http://www.studentsfriend.com/sfcimage/map13see.jpeg Geography Impacts Early India India is a subcontinent Hindu-Kush and Himalaya Mountains to north Indus and Ganges Rivers in

Welcome, Rob Reiter My Account Feedback and Support Sign Out Choose Another Program Home Select a Lesson Program Resources My Classes 3 - World Religions This is what your students see when they are signed

Indian Empires: Mauryan and Gupta After a civilization falls, what impact does it have on history? How do belief systems unite or divide people? Geography Deccan Plateau, dry, sparsely populated Mountains

Ancient India and China Chapter 3 Chapter 3: Ancient India and China Section 1: Early Civilizations of India and Pakistan Main Idea #1: The Indian subcontinent is broken down into 3 parts: Deccan Plateau,

ANCIENT INDIA India is located in southern Asia. On a map, India looks like a huge triangle of land pushing into the Indian Ocean. Natural barriers separate India from the rest of Asia. The Bay of Bengal

Chapter 6: Early India Section 1: India s First Civilizations India looks like a diamond hanging from the bottom of Asia. India is a subcontinent landmass that s part of a continent but distinct from it.

3. Hinduism and Buddhism Ancient India gave birth to two major world religions, Hinduism and Buddhism. Both had common roots in the Vedas, a collection of religious hymns, poems, and prayers composed in

4 ancient India and China.notebook Ancient India Geographically a subcontinent protected by the Himilayas and Hindu Kush Mtns. watered by the Indus and Ganges (holy) rivers secluded until the Aryan Invasion

Indian Empires: Mauryan and Gupta After a civilization falls, what impact does it have on history? How do belief systems unite or divide people? Geography Deccan Plateau, dry, sparsely populated Mountains

Hinduism and Buddhism WHAT ARE THE MAIN BELIEFS OF HINDUISM & BUDDHISM? MS. JEREMIE Starter: Creation Myth Reflection Using your notes from the presentations, answer the following prompt: What similarities

Name Period Date Ancient India Summary Guide Be able to spell and define the following key concept terms: Subcontinent: a large landmass, usually partially separated by land forms, that is smaller than

Monday, November 16 6.25 I can explain how the major beliefs of Brahmanism evolved into Hinduism. Religions of Ancient India Chapter 6.2 Origins of Hinduism One of the world s oldest 3 rd largest religion

Religion in Ancient India Hinduism The Aryans Aryans Invaders from Central Asia Raja king / ruler of Aryan village Sanskrit स स क त व क writing system of the Aryans The Vedas Vedas most important Sanskrit

Religions of South Asia 2500 250 BC Hinduism gave birth to Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism Christianity Jesus Christ, son of God the Bible Islam Muhammadlast prophet to talk to Allah t he Quran Do you think

Vocabulary Builder Activity A. Content Vocabulary Directions: In the space next to each vocabulary term, write the letter of the word or phrase most closely connected with it. 1. subcontinent 2. monsoon

REVIEW INDIA ANSWER KEY VOCABULARY Definition Sepoy Indian soldier under British command Jewel of the crown Term referring to India as the most valuable of all British colonies Sepoy Mutiny Uprising of

Kick Off: What is reincarnation? Write the question and answer it on page 2 of your packet! Quiz: EVEN: 10/23/17 ODD: 10/24/17 Homework: Unit 2 Vocabulary - Due at the end of the Unit! Quiz - Next week!

India s Religions Why we re covering this As the world became more united under the imperialist movement, interactions between cultures caused an increasing number of internal and social clashes The primary

CHAPTER 6 India and Southeast Asia, 1500 B.C.E. 1025 C.E. INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter students should be able to: 1. Discuss the historical forces that led to the complex society

Chapter 2 Ancient India ESSAY 1. How did the geography of the Indian subcontinent influence the development of civilization there? 2. What were some of the main characteristics of Indian politics and government

Belief Systems What you will learn in this unit... What are the characteristics of major religions? How are they similar and different? How have major religions affected culture? How have belief systems

Spirituality in India Hinduism One of the oldest major religions. Polytheism: belief in many gods. Hindus do not eat beef. Fourth largest world religion. (Christianity 1, Islam 2, Buddhism 3) Hindu Facts

Name: Date: Block: Discussion Questions - Episode 1: The Beginnings - Tracking early Hinduism Chapter 1: The First Indians 1. What was significant about the first settlers of India? 2. Where is it believed

NAME HR The answers to be used in these questions are to be taken from the Textbook: WORLD HISTORY ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS from pages 218-244 1. India is a which is a large landmass that is like a continent,

HWK#3-DUE MONDAY 8-20-12 DIRECTIONS: 1. TAKE CORNELL NOTES ON THE FOLLOWING TOPICS: JUDAISM, HINDUISM, BUDDHISM, CONFUCIANISM, DAOISM, LEGALISM 2. MAKE SURE KEY TERMS ARE PUT INTO NOTES-IF YOU DO NOT KNOW

SSWH 2 Presentation Ancient World SSWH 2 Identify the major achievements of Chinese and Indian societies to 500 CE/AD. China and India CHINA Mesopotamia Egypt You are here INDIA SSWH 2 Identify the major

Common Sense 1 The land of diversity The present population of India: More than a billion. Almost certain that population of India will surpass that of China by 2050. Eighty per cent of India s population:

Chapter 7 - Lesson 2 "The Origins of Hinduism" p.226-231 MAIN IDEAS Culture: A group of nomadic people moved into India and took over what was left of Harappan civilization. Government: Under Aryan rule,

Focus Question: How have scholars learned about India s first two civilizations, the Indus and the Aryan? As you read this section in your textbook, complete the following chart to sequence important events

Hinduism and Buddhism Hinduism Backstory Oldest continually practiced religion in the world Originated in Indus River Valley 4,500 years ago (modern-day India and Pakistan) Currently 3 rd largest religion

Chapter 6 Geography of Early India India is so huge that many geographers call it a subcontinent! subcontinent-a large area of land that is a part of a continent. Subcontinents are usually separated from

Buddha and Ashoka Crash Course World History Script: Part 1, The Vedas. So as you no doubt remember, the Indus River Valley was one of the earliest cradles of civilization, But that original civilization

638 In this unit students learn about ancient societies in India. The earliest urban 639 civilization, known as Harappan civilization after one of its cities, was centered in 640 the Indus River valley,

Characteristics of IRVC Communities Harappa & Mohenjo-Daro Early Civilizations of India From the Indus River Valley Civilization to Hinduism today Laid out on a grid-pattern Food storage warehouses Buildings

1. Introduction In this chapter, you will learn about the origins and beliefs of Hinduism. Hinduism is the most influential set of religious beliefs in modern India. The ancient traditions that gave rise

The Geography of India -India is a peninsula -a peninsula is a landmass with water on three sides -the Indian peninsula juts out into the Indian Ocean -There are two significant geographic areas in India

Key Concept 2.1 As states and empires increased in size and contacts between regions intensified, human communities transformed their religious and ideological beliefs and practices. I. Codifications and

NB#30 Chapter 24 India s History and Culture History Background 1. During the time of Ancient India, hundreds of towns existed in the Indus River Valley History: The Aryan people 2. The Aryans moved into

UNIT TWO In this unit we will analyze Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Indian, and Chinese culture. UNIT TWO In this unit we will analyze Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Indian, and Chinese culture.

Be able to locate the following on a map of the ancient world: Persian Gulf Mediterranean Sea Black Sea Indus River Tigris River Euphrates River India Huang He River Nile River Fertile Crescent Arabian

THE FIRST CIVILIZATIONS Chapter 1, Section 1 Glencoe World History Modern Times Ancient Mesopotamia Main Idea: In ancient Mesopotamia, city-states elaborated the concept of the law code and divine kingship

DUE 02/22/19 Name: Lesson Three - Ancient India Empires (Mauryan and Gupta) 6.28 Describe the growth of the Maurya Empire and the political and moral achievements of the Emperor Asoka. 6.29 Identify the