Card Range To Study

17 Cards in this Set

desert fox vs. artic fox -> thermoregulation. a desert fox has thin hear and big ears to give off more heat. the artic fox has smaller ears and more hair to keep in the heat.

Structure/Function example

hemoglobin -> the structure of hemoglobin. 4 protein chains with heme group. each heme group has an iron. the iron attached to oxygen. once on owygen binds, whole molecule more able to accept oxygen. funtion -> oxygen transport

Structure/Function example

fish gills -> stucture water flows over deoxy blood. water flows into gills and flows opp way over deoxy blood. the deoxy blood can pick up oxygen. function->respiratory structure.

evolution example

hemogloin -> very old molecule. original function was not oxygen carrying because some organisms have hemoglobin that didn't need them. as with sickle-cell (hemoglobin S) we see that any other hemoglobin wouldn't serve the correct function.

evolution example

endosymbiosis -> mitochondria and chloroplasts were once prokaryotic organisms that were engulfed by eukaryotic organisms. mitochondria and choloroplasts have a double membrane and circular DNA found in bacteria and other prokaryotes.

control of calcium in the blood-> thyroid gland released calcitonin which causes the bone to uptake calcium which lowers blood calcium levels. this may be caused when you eat a calcium supplement. when blood calcium levels are too high, the parathyroid gland relases parathyroid hormone which causes bone to release calcium, raising calcium levels in the blood. this may be cause by a low calcium diet.

homeostasis example

control of blood sugar levels. in response to an increased [glucose] in blood, the pancreas will release insulin that causes the liver to uptake glucose from the blood. in response to a low [glusoce] in the blood, the pancrease realeases glucagon which causes the liver to breakdown glycogen to increase blood sugar levels.

emergent properties example

photosynthesis

emergent properites example

the nervous system -> all the parts of the nervous system are useless without the system as a whole.

emergen properties example

muscle function -> each part of a muscle, from the muscle fibers to the myofilaments, work together to produce muscle contraction.

Barbara Block -> brain heaters. modified muscle that keep brain warm so aqautic predators can function at low temperatures. have many mitochondria that produce heat as well as calcium pumpps present in the tissues.

scientific inquiry example

Hodgkin, Huxley, and Katz -> ionic hypothesis. the ionic basis of the action potential and synaptic transmission. explained the rising and falling phases of an action potential.

interaction with the environment example

photosynthesis -> plants use CO2 from the environment to make O2 to return to the environment.