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what is Canonicalization

Canonical issue is the problem when a website url say http://yoursite.com is typed in the browser, if doesn't redirect to www.yoursite.com. This problem is canonical issue in SEO. The search engine cannot understand that both the http://yoursite.com and www.yoursite.com are same urls. So, this can create issue which optimizing websites for search engine.

Canonical tag is used when you have two similar pages content on your website but only one you need to target so you set a canonical tag on the duplicate page that the real content is used in that page

Canonical issue is the problem when a website url say http://yoursite.com is typed in the browser, if doesn't redirect to www.yoursite.com. This problem is canonical issue in SEO. The search engine cannot understand that both the http://yoursite.com and www.yoursite.com are same urls. So, this can create issue which optimizing websites for search engine.

In computer science, canonicalization (abbreviated c14n, where 14 represents the number of letters between the C and the N; also sometimes standardization or normalization) is a process for converting data that has more than one possible representation into a "standard", "normal", or canonical form. This can be done to compare different representations for equivalence, to count the number of distinct data structures, to improve the efficiency of various algorithms by eliminating repeated calculations, or to make it possible to impose a meaningful sorting order.

URL Canonicalization deals with Web content with more than one possible URL.Search engines consider only one URL in canonical form.It is very easy to tell search engines the canonical URL with meta data in the HEAD of your documents.

Canonical issue arise when a search engine fails to recognize that "http://www.something.com" and "http://something.com" both same thing and this may becomes the reason for penalty of website, because search engine think the next one is duplicate of first one.