Using its DoubleClick ad network, Google has been dodging a privacy setting in Safari, the primary Web browser on the iPhone and iPad, a report by Stanford University's Security Lab and the Centre for Internet and Society claimed.

The study named three other companies -- Vibrant Media, Media Innovation Group and PointRoll -- that also allegedly evaded privacy settings.

Google, the world's biggest internet search company, has drawn regulatory scrutiny and pressure from consumer advocates for the way it handles personal information.

Last year it agreed to settle claims with the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) that Google used deceptive tactics and violated its own privacy policies when it introduced its Buzz social-networking service in 2010.

In the Stanford study, Mayer said Google's software employed cookies, or small pieces of code, that can be used to follow users' activities on the Web.

Blocking them is supposed to prevent the cookies from tracking behavior.

The actions potentially affected millions of users, Mayer said.

Safari is the top browser for mobile devices, with 55 per cent of the market, according to January data from Net Applications.

Reacting to the report, three lawmakers asked the FTC whether Google has violated its settlement with the agency.

"Google's practices could have a wide sweeping impact because Safari is a major web browser used by millions of Americans," said the letter by Edward Markey, Joe Barton and Cliff Stearns.

"As members of the Congressional Bi-Partisan Privacy Caucus, we are interested in any actions the FTC has taken or plans to take to investigate whether Google has violated the terms of its consent agreement."

Google's actions also prompted Consumer Watchdog to send a letter to the FTC and demand action against Google.