The original music score is composed by Perry Botkin Jr. Former Tarzan actor Jock Mahoney, billed as Jack O'Mahoney, was the film's stunt coordinator. The film is marketed with the tagline Unlike any other "Tarzan" you've ever seen! The original actor cast in the "Tarzan" role was fired [or quit] early in production, resulting in the sudden casting of his stunt double, Miles O'Keeffe, in the title role. This film received extremely negative reviews, and in some circles has been considered to be one of the worst films ever made, even though it was a box-office success.

Contents

James Parker is a hunter in Africa, searching for a mythical "white ape", he is joined by his estranged daughter, Jane, after her mother's death. They discover the "white ape" is actually Tarzan, an uncivilized white man raised by apes living in the jungle. James continues to pursue Tarzan with the purpose of capturing him, dead or alive, and bringing him back to England.

Realizing that James is on his trail, Tarzan kidnaps Jane. Jane and Tarzan become fascinated by each other. Jane is then kidnapped by natives who intend to make her a wife of the tribe leader, forcing Tarzan into action.

In a 2012 interview with the film history magazine Filmfax, co-writer Gary Goddard revealed that he had originally been commissioned to write a screenplay for Bo Derek based upon the Marvel Comics superheroine, Dazzler; a 30-page treatment was completed before the project was cancelled and work instead proceeded on Tarzan, The Ape Man which initially carried the working title Me, Jane reflecting its focus on Jane Porter as a showcase for Derek.[2]

The film was widely panned upon its release. Film critic and historian Leonard Maltin considers this one of the worst films ever to appear in his popular "TV, Movie and Video Guide" (now simply "Movie Guide"): "Deranged 'remake' lacks action, humor and charm; Forget about comparisons to Johnny Weissmuller; O'Keefe makes Elmo Lincoln seem like Edwin Booth." Leslie Halliwell described Tarzan the Ape Man as "certainly the worst of the Tarzan movies and possibly the most banal film so far made; even the animals give poor performances".[3] In a discussion of Tarzan films, Thomas S. Hischak was also negative: "Produced and directed without a shred of talent by John Derek, Tarzan, the Ape Man often ranks high in the lists of the worst movies ever made".[4]

However, critic Roger Ebert offered a somewhat more positive review of Tarzan, the Ape Man, awarding it two and a half stars out of a possible four. According to Ebert, the film was "completely ridiculous, but at the same time it has a certain disarming charm." Ebert thought Harris's talents were completely wasted and the film's dramatic peak was "incomprehensible," yet he praised the forthright depiction of the sexual passion and tension between Tarzan and Jane, which had more typically been downplayed in film adaptations of the characters: "The Tarzan-Jane scenes strike a blow for noble savages, for innocent lust, for animal magnetism, and, indeed, for soft-core porn, which is ever so much sexier than the hard-core variety."[5]

The popular Japanese Manga series JoJo's Bizarre Adventure references the movie and its female lead in chapter 265, the final chapter of the manga's third "Part", Stardust Crusaders, when main character Joseph Joestar pretends to be possessed by the story arc's main villain, the vampire DIO, but quickly admits to merely be joking when main protagonist Jotaro Kujo goes to attack him, spouting off details of his life to convince him of that fact. Jotaro proceeds to further test the validity of his claim by asking him two trivia questions, the first of which is "Who's the female lead in the 1981 film, Tarzan, the Ape Man?", which Joseph correctly names as Bo Derek. Jotaro concludes he must be the real Joseph "if [he] know[s] pointless crap like that." This scene is also featured in the last episode of the second season of the manga's 2012 Anime adaptation, though it is not featured in the 1993 Original video animation adaptation of the Stardust Crusaders arc.

1.
Tarzan in film and other non-print media
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Tarzan, a fictional character created by Edgar Rice Burroughs, first appeared in the 1912 novel Tarzan of the Apes, and then in twenty-three sequels. The character proved popular and quickly made the jump to other media, first and most notably to comics. This article concerns Tarzans appearance in film and other non-print media, the first Tarzan movies were silent pictures adapted from the original Tarzan novels which appeared within a few years of the characters creation. With the advent of talking pictures, a popular Tarzan movie franchise was developed, anchored at first by actor Johnny Weissmüller in the title role, Tarzan films from the 1930s on often featured Tarzans chimpanzee companion Cheeta. Later Tarzan films have been occasional and somewhat idiosyncratic, the first Tarzan movies were eight silent features and serials released between 1918 and 1929, most based on novels in the original series. Elmo Lincoln starred in the first Tarzan feature, Tarzan of the Apes, the first portion of the film featured Gordon Griffith as the young Tarzan, so Griffith could technically be considered the first screen Tarzan. Elmo Lincoln returned for two sequels, additional silents were produced in the 1920s with other actors. One of the silents, Tarzan and the Golden Lion, featured the then-unknown Boris Karloff as a native chieftain. Other actors who portrayed the character in 1920s films were P. Dempsey Tabler, the first Tarzan sound film was Tarzan the Tiger, featuring Frank Merrill as the Ape Man, shot as a silent but partially dubbed for release. It was Merrill’s second Tarzan movie, and it cost him the role, the most popular series of Tarzan films began with Tarzan the Ape Man, starring Johnny Weissmüller and Maureen OSullivan. Weissmüller, the son of immigrants from Romania, was already well known as a five-time Olympic gold medalist in swimming. The beauteous and scantily clad OSullivan was a factor in the early popularity of the series. The role of Jane in the films was reduced after OSullivan departed in 1942 following the film in the series. Two Jane-less films followed before Brenda Joyce took over the role for the last four Weissmüller Tarzan films. Starting afresh with a free adaptation of Tarzan of the Apes which threw out everything that had gone before. In contrast to the nobleman of Burroughss novels, Weissmullers Tarzan was a natural hero with a limited vocabulary. The ersatz pidgin of his dialogue has often been mocked as Me Tarzan, you Jane, although that particular line was never spoken in any of the films. Tarzan and Jane were clearly married in the novels, but their status was left a bit ambiguous in the Weissmuller films, even though they shared a jungle treehouse

2.
John Derek
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John Derek was an American actor, director and photographer. He appeared in films as Knock on Any Door, All the Kings Men. He was also known for launching the career of his fourth wife, Derek was born Derek Delevan Harris in Hollywood, California, the son of actor/director Lawson Harris and actress Dolores Johnson. After the war, Derek approached Humphrey Bogart, who renamed him John Derek and cast him as Nick Romano, a killer, in Knock on Any Door. Derek was recognized as a newcomer, plainly an idol for the girls. Derek followed that picture with a role as the son of Broderick Crawford in All the Kings Men. He played leads in Fury at Showdown, and as Robin Hood in Rogues of Sherwood Forest with Alan Hale and he also appeared as Joshua in The Ten Commandments. But he found himself featured increasingly as a hero or villain in a string of unimpressive B-movies—crime melodramas, westerns, pirate pictures, dissatisfied with his career as an actor, Derek turned to film directing. He directed his second wife Ursula Andress in two films, and third wife Linda Evans in one and he also worked as a director of four films with fourth wife, Bo Derek including Tarzan, the Ape Man and Bolero. Ghosts Cant Do It was his last in the directors chair, an accomplished photographer, Derek photographed the last three of his four wives for nude spreads in Playboy magazine. Derek directed the videos for Shania Twains Whose Bed Have Your Boots Been Under. Derek married Turkish-born prima ballerina Pati Behrs Eristoff in 1948, Derek walked out on his wife and family in 1955 after meeting 19-year-old aspiring Swiss actress Ursula Andress, who spoke almost no English when they met. In 1957, after finalizing his divorce from Behrs, he married Andress in a quickie Las Vegas ceremony and they married in Mexico in 1968, with Sean as a witness. In 1973 Derek, Evans and 16-year-old high school dropout Mary Cathleen Collins traveled to the Greek island of Mykonos to make the film And Once Upon a Time, during filming, Derek and Collins began an affair. Evans returned to the states and filed for divorce in 1974, Collins became known to the public as Bo Derek following their marriage on June 10,1976 in Las Vegas and achieved international fame in 1979 with her role in the Blake Edwards film 10. The couple remained together until John died in 1998, John Derek died on May 22,1998, from cardiovascular disease in Santa Maria, California at the age of 71. Rhythm, Frankie Laine Screen Snapshots, Hollywoods Mr. Movies Screen Snapshots, a Girl Childish Things Love You Fantasies Tarzan, the Ape Man Bolero Ghosts Cant Do It John Derek at the Internet Movie Database John Derek at Find a Grave

3.
Bo Derek
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Bo Derek is an American film and television actress, movie producer, and model perhaps best known for her breakthrough role in the 1979 film 10. The film also launched a poster for Derek in a swimsuit. She was directed by husband John Derek in Tarzan, the Ape Man, Bolero and Ghosts Cant Do It, a widow since 1998, she lives with actor John Corbett. She makes occasional film, television, and documentary appearances, Derek was born Mary Cathleen Collins in Long Beach, California. Her father, Paul Collins, was a Hobie Cat executive, Dereks parents divorced, and her mother married American stunt performer Bobby Bass. Derek attended Narbonne High School and George S. Patton Continuation School, Derek remarked in a 1985 interview on Late Night with David Letterman, I was 16 when I quit high school. I didnt really mean to quit, I spent about a month going to the beach surfing and sunbathing while I was supposed to be in school, when I got caught, my mom was furious. I started to go back to school, and I was really enjoying it, while attending Narbonne High School in Los Angeles at age 16 in 1973, Cathleen became romantically involved with John Derek, a married man 30 years her senior. Not long after the two started dating, John divorced his wife, actress Linda Evans, the couple moved to Germany, where John Derek would not be subject to prosecution under California statutory rape laws due to Cathleens illicit underage association with Derek. In 1973 in Germany, John began to making a film starring Cathleen. Entitled Fantasies, he planned the film as a low-budget English-language romantic drama and it was shot over a 10-day period in Greece in the summer of 1973. Due to the controversy that surrounded Fantasies, Derek had it re-edited twice before trying to sell it to studios. The film went unreleased until 1981, when as Bo Derek and they married on June 10,1976, she was 19 and he was 49. By that time, John Derek had given his wife a so-called Hollywood makeover. She had bleached her hair blonde and adopted the name Bo Derek, in 1977, she caught the eye of director Michael Anderson and was cast in a small role in his upcoming horror flick, Orca, which was Andersons answer to major success of Jaws. The film received a theatrical release in July 1977. In 1979, Derek was selected over Melanie Griffith, Heather Thomas, Dereks appearance in a dream sequence, racing towards Moore in a flimsy flesh-colored swimsuit, became iconic, and launched her status as a mainstream sex symbol. This sequence and Derek’s cornrow hairstyle in the film have often been parodied,10 became a critical and financial blockbuster

4.
Tarzan of the Apes
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Tarzan of the Apes is a novel written by Edgar Rice Burroughs, the first in a series of books about the title character Tarzan. It was first published in the pulp magazine All-Story Magazine in October 1912, so popular was the character that Burroughs continued the series into the 1940s with two dozen sequels. For the novels centennial anniversary, Library of America published an edition based on the original book in April 2012 with an introduction by Thomas Mallon. The novel tells the story of John Clayton III, John and Alice Clayton II, Lord and Lady Greystoke of England, are marooned in the western coastal jungles of equatorial Africa in 1888. In September 1889 their son John Clayton III is born, at one year old his mother dies, and soon thereafter his father is killed by the savage king ape Kerchak. The infant is adopted by the she-ape Kala. Clayton is named Tarzan and raised in ignorance of his human heritage, as a boy, feeling alienated from his peers due to their physical differences, he discovers his true parents cabin, where he first learns of others like himself in their books. Using basic primers with pictures, over many years he teaches himself to read English, upon his return from one visit to the cabin, he is attacked by a huge gorilla which he manages to kill with his fathers knife, although he is terribly wounded in the struggle. As he grows up, Tarzan becomes a skilled hunter, later, a tribe of black Africans settle in the area, and Tarzans adopted mother, Kala, is killed by one of its hunters. Avenging himself on the killer, Tarzan begins a relationship with the tribe, raiding its village for weapons. They, in turn, regard him as an evil spirit, some time after, Tarzan finds he has excited the jealousy of Kerchak, the ape leader, who finally attacks him. Tarzan kills Kerchak and takes his place as king of the apes, Tarzans cousin, William Cecil Clayton, unwitting usurper of the ape mans ancestral English estate, is also among the party. Tarzan spies on the newcomers, aids them in secret, among the party was French Naval Officer Paul DArnot. While rescuing DArnot from the natives, a rescue ship recovers the castaways, DArnot teaches Tarzan to speak French and offers to take Tarzan to the land of white men where he might connect with Jane again. On their journey, DArnot teaches him how to behave among white men, in the ensuing months, Tarzan eventually learns to speak English as well. Ultimately, Tarzan travels to find Jane in Wisconsin, USA, Tarzan learns the bitter news that she has become engaged to William Clayton. Meanwhile, clues from his parents cabin have enabled DArnot to prove Tarzans true identity as John Clayton the Earl of Greystoke, instead of reclaiming his inheritance from William, Tarzan chooses rather to conceal and renounce his heritage for the sake of Janes happiness. African forest elephant Black panther Western gorilla Leopard Lion Warthog Burroughs novel has been the basis of several movies

5.
Edgar Rice Burroughs
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Edgar Rice Burroughs was an American writer best known for his creations of the jungle hero Tarzan and the heroic Mars adventurer John Carter, although he produced works in many genres. Burroughs was born on September 1,1875, in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Major George Tyler Burroughs, a businessman and Civil War veteran. His middle name is from his grandmother, Mary Rice Burroughs. Burroughs was of almost entirely English ancestry, with a line that had been in North America since the early colonial era. Through his grandmother Mary Rice, he was descended from Edmund Rice and he once remarked, I can trace my ancestry back to Deacon Edmund Rice. The Burroughs side of the family was also of English origin, many of his ancestors fought in the American Revolution. He had other ancestors who settled in Virginia during the colonial period, Burroughs was educated at a number of local schools, and during the Chicago influenza epidemic in 1891, he spent half a year at his brothers ranch on the Raft River in Idaho. He then attended Phillips Academy, in Andover, Massachusetts, graduating in 1895, and failing the entrance exam for the United States Military Academy at West Point, he became an enlisted soldier with the 7th U. S. Cavalry in Fort Grant, Arizona Territory. After being diagnosed with a problem and thus ineligible to serve. After his discharge, Burroughs worked a number of different jobs and he drifted and worked on a ranch in Idaho. He found work at his fathers firm in 1899 and he married his childhood sweetheart, Emma Hulbert, in January 1900. In 1904, he left his job and worked regularly, first in Idaho. By 1911, after seven years of low wages, he was working as a pencil-sharpener wholesaler, by this time, he and Emma had two children, Joan, who later married the Tarzan film actor James Pierce, and Hulbert. During this period, he had spare time and began reading pulp fiction magazines. In 1929 he recalled thinking that. if people were paid for writing rot such as I read in some of those magazines, in 1913, Burroughs and Emma had their third and last child, John Coleman Burroughs, later known for his illustrations of his fathers books. In the 1920s Burroughs became a pilot, purchased a Security Airster S-1, Burroughs divorced Emma in 1934, and in 1935 he married the former actress Florence Gilbert Dearholt, the former wife of his friend Ashton Dearholt. Burroughs adopted the Dearholts two children and he and Florence divorced in 1942. Burroughs was in his late 60s and was in Honolulu at the time of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

6.
Richard Harris
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Richard St John Harris was an Irish actor and singer. He appeared on stage and in films, appearing as Frank Machin in This Sporting Life, and King Arthur in the 1967 film Camelot. Harris had a top ten hit in the United Kingdom and United States with his 1968 recording of Jimmy Webbs song MacArthur Park, Harris, the sixth of nine children of Mildred Josephine and Ivan John Harris, was born in Limerick. He was brought up in a class and staunchly Roman Catholic family. Harris siblings included Patrick Ivan, Noel William Michael, Diarmid and his maternal niece is actress Annabelle Wallis. Harris was schooled by the Jesuits at Crescent College, a talented rugby player, he was on several Munster Junior and Senior Cup teams for Crescent, and played for Garryowen. Harris athletic career was cut short when he caught tuberculosis in his teens, after recovering from tuberculosis, Harris moved to Britain, wanting to become a director. He could not find any suitable training courses, and enrolled in the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art to learn acting. He had failed an audition at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art and had been rejected by the Central School of Speech and Drama, while still a student, Harris rented the tiny off-West End Irving Theatre, and there directed his own production of Clifford Odets play Winter Journey. This show was a success, but was a financial failure. As a result, Harris ended up homeless, sleeping in a coal cellar for six weeks. After completing his studies at the Academy, Harris joined Joan Littlewoods Theatre Workshop and he began getting roles in West End theatre productions, starting with The Quare Fellow in 1956, a transfer from the Theatre Workshop. Harris spent nearly a decade in obscurity, learning his profession on stages throughout the UK, Harris made his film debut in 1958 in the film Alive and Kicking, and played the lead role in The Ginger Man in the West End in 1959. His second film was shot in Ireland, a role as a terrorist in Shake Hands with the Devil. It was directed by Michael Anderson who offered Harris a role in his movie, The Wreck of the Mary Deare. Harris hated it so much that he refused to return there for several years, Harris played another IRA terrorist in A Terrible Beauty, alongside Robert Mitchum. He had a bit part in the film The Guns of Navarone as a Royal Australian Air Force pilot who reports that blowing up the bloody guns of the island of Navarone is impossible by an air raid. He had a part in The Long and the Short

7.
John Phillip Law
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John Phillip Law was an American film actor. The latter reteamed him with Alexandra Hay, his co-star from the 1968 acid comedy Skidoo, Law was born in Los Angeles, California, the son of Los Angeles County Deputy Sheriff John Law and actress Phyllis Sallee. He was the brother of actor Thomas Augustus Law and he worked as a film extra as a child, and had a non-speaking role as a courtroom page in John Sturgess The Magnificent Yankee. He studied drama at the University of Hawaii and appeared in several university stage productions, after graduation, Law moved to New York, where he studied with Elia Kazans Lincoln Center Repertory Theatre and had a small role in Garson Kanins comedy Come On Strong. Like many American actors he moved to Italy where he acted in several films, one of these was seen by the director Norman Jewison, who thought Law perfect for the role of a young Soviet sailor in The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming. He followed this with a role in Otto Premingers Hurry Sundown. Law returned to Europe where he played the lead in a Spaghetti Western, Death Rides a Horse, then the role of Danger, Diabolik. He followed this with The Sergeant with Rod Steiger, tall and handsome, with steel-blue eyes, Law became a sex symbol in the 1960s. He was a VIP guest at Hugh Hefners Playboy Mansion and in Hollywood society, Law co-starred in Roger Cormans film Von Richthofen and Brown, playing Manfred von Richthofen opposite Don Strouds Roy Brown. Corman used Lynn Garrisons Irish aviation facility, complete with replica World War I aircraft, garrison taught Law the basics of flying so that he could take off and land, making some of the footage more realistic. Some other of Laws movies have become cult classics, including The Love Machine, The Golden Voyage of Sinbad. Two of Laws films, Danger, Diabolik and Space Mutiny, were featured in the movie-mocking TV series Mystery Science Theater 3000. In 2001 he appeared in Roman Coppolas directorial debut CQ, an homage to the Italian spy/sci-fi B-movies in which Law often starred during the 1960s, Laws final credited film role was in 2008s Chinamans Chance. He was at one time married to actress Shawn Ryan, with whom he had a daughter, on December 13,2007, his doctors diagnosed him with pancreatic cancer. Law died five months later on May 13,2008 at his home in Los Angeles, John Phillip Law at the Internet Movie Database John Phillip Law at AllMovie John Phillip Law at the Internet Broadway Database John Phillip Law at Find a Grave

8.
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
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Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc. is an American media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of feature films and television programs. Its headquarters are in Beverly Hills, California and it is one of the worlds oldest film studios. In 1971, it was announced that MGM would merge with 20th Century Fox, over the next thirty-nine years, the studio was bought and sold at various points in its history until, on November 3,2010, MGM filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. MGM Resorts International, a Las Vegas-based hotel and casino company listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol MGM, is not currently affiliated with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. In 1966, MGM was sold to Canadian investor Edgar Bronfman Sr. whose son Edgar Jr. would later buy Universal Studios, the studio continued to produce five to six films a year that were released through other studios, mostly United Artists. Kerkorian did, however, commit to increased production and a film library when he bought United Artists in 1981. MGM ramped up production, as well as keeping production going at UA. It also incurred significant amounts of debt to increase production, the studio took on additional debt as a series of owners took charge in the 1980s and early 1990s. In 1986, Ted Turner bought MGM, but a few later, sold the company back to Kerkorian to recoup massive debt. The series of deals left MGM even more heavily in debt, MGM was bought by Pathé Communications in 1990, but Parretti lost control of Pathé and defaulted on the loans used to purchase the studio. The French banking conglomerate Crédit Lyonnais, the major creditor. Even more deeply in debt, MGM was purchased by a joint venture between Kerkorian, producer Frank Mancuso, and Australias Seven Network in 1996, the debt load from these and subsequent business deals negatively affected MGMs ability to survive as an independent motion picture studio. In 1924, movie theater magnate Marcus Loew had a problem and he had bought Metro Pictures Corporation in 1919 for a steady supply of films for his large Loews Theatres chain. With Loews lackluster assortment of Metro films, Loew purchased Goldwyn Pictures in 1924 to improve the quality, however, these purchases created a need for someone to oversee his new Hollywood operations, since longtime assistant Nicholas Schenck was needed in New York headquarters to oversee the 150 theaters. Mayer, Loew addressed the situation by buying Louis B. Mayer Pictures on April 17,1924, Mayer became head of the renamed Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, with Irving Thalberg as head of production. MGM produced more than 100 feature films in its first two years, in 1925, MGM released the extravagant and successful Ben-Hur, taking a $4.7 million profit that year, its first full year. Marcus Loew died in 1927, and control of Loews passed to Nicholas Schenck, in 1929, William Fox of Fox Film Corporation bought the Loew familys holdings with Schencks assent. Mayer and Thalberg disagreed with the decision, Mayer was active in the California Republican Party and used his political connections to persuade the Justice Department to delay final approval of the deal on antitrust grounds

9.
United Artists
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United Artists is an American film and television entertainment studio. The studio was bought, sold and restructured over the ensuing century. On December 14 of the year, however, MGM acquired the 48% stake of UAMG it did not own. UA was incorporated as a joint venture on February 5,1919, by Pickford, Chaplin, Fairbanks, each held a 20% stake, with the remaining 20% held by lawyer William Gibbs McAdoo. The idea for the venture originated with Fairbanks, Chaplin, Pickford, already Hollywood veterans, the four stars talked of forming their own company to better control their own work. They were spurred on by established Hollywood producers and distributors who were tightening their control over salaries and creative decisions. With the addition of Griffith, planning began, but Hart bowed out before anything was formalized, when he heard about their scheme, Richard A. Rowland, head of Metro Pictures, is said to have observed, The inmates are taking over the asylum. The four partners, with advice from McAdoo, formed their distribution company and its headquarters was established at 729 Seventh Avenue in New York City. The original terms called for each of the stars to produce five pictures each year, UAs first film was a success. Without selling stock to the public, following the other studios, as a result, production was slow and the company distributed an annual average of five films during its first five years. By 1924 Griffith had dropped out and the company was facing a crisis, veteran producer Joseph Schenck was hired as president. He had been producing pictures for a decade, and he brought commitments for films starring his wife, Norma Talmadge, his sister-in-law, Constance Talmadge, contracts were signed with independent producers, most notably Samuel Goldwyn, and Howard Hughes. In 1933, Schenck organized a new company with Darryl F. Zanuck, called Twentieth Century Pictures, Schenck formed a separate partnership with Pickford and Chaplin to buy and build theaters under the United Artists name. They began international operations, first in Canada and then in Mexico, by the end of the 1930s, United Artists was represented in over 40 countries. When he was denied a share in 1935, Schenck resigned. He set up 20th Century Pictures merger with Fox Film Corporation to form 20th Century Fox, al Lichtman succeeded Schenck as company president. Other independent producers distributed through United Artists in the 1930s including, Walt Disney Productions, Alexander Korda, Hal Roach, David O. Selznick, as the years passed, and the dynamics of the business changed, these producing partners drifted away. Samuel Goldwyn Productions and Disney went to RKO, and Wanger to Universal Pictures, in the late 1930s, UA turned a profit

10.
Jane Porter (Tarzan)
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Jane Porter is a major character in Edgar Rice Burroughss series of Tarzan novels and in adaptations of the saga to other media, particularly film. Jane, an American from Baltimore, Maryland, is the daughter of professor Archimedes Q. Porter and she becomes the love interest and later the wife of Tarzan, and subsequently the mother of their son Korak. Jane also appeared in a role in the non-Tarzan novel The Eternal Lover. Maxwells novel is a adaptation of the original story, contradicting it on numerous points of the story. Early Tarzan films portrayed Jane Porter and her father faithfully to the portrayal in the novels, in addition, the name of Janes father in the first film is James Parker. Remakes of the 1932 film, reprised this portrayal as well as that of her father, maureen OSullivan, who portrayed Jane Parker opposite Johnny Weissmuller in the 1932 film and its first few sequels, was the most famous screen Jane. In more recent Tarzan films, starting with Greystoke, The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes, the character is once again Jane Porter, Porter, and both once again Americans. Tarzan the Mighty, starring Frank Merrill, natalie Kingston portrays Mary Trevor, who becomes Tarzans mate at films end. A year later Kingston portrayed Jane to Merrills Tarzan in Tarzan the Tiger, Tarzan the Fearless, starring Buster Crabbe. Jacqueline Wells portrays Mary Brooks, who becomes Tarzans mate at films end, Eleanor Holm portrays Eleanor Reed, who becomes Tarzans mate at films end. Producer Sol Lesser nixed calling the character Jane as he felt Miss Holm was so popular for her swimming exploits that audiences would not accept her playing a character not named Eleanor, Tarzan and the Brown Prince, starring Steve Sipek. Kitty Swan portrays Irula, his mate, basically similar to Jane, during the filming of a torture scene, Sipek and Swan were tied to stakes when gasoline-soaked leaves ignited and both were seriously burned. The Jane character has appeared sporadically in the seven television series featuring Tarzan and she was omitted from the first Tarzan television series, Tarzan. Olivia dAbo took the role in the Disney animated series The Legend of Tarzan, the 2003 series Tarzan, set like Tarzan in Manhattan in New York City, casts Sarah Wayne Callies as NYPD detective Jane Porter

11.
Jock Mahoney
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Jock Mahoney was an American actor and stuntman. Born Jacques Joseph OMahoney, he was credited variously as Jock Mahoney and he starred in two western television series, The Range Rider and Yancy Derringer. He played Tarzan in two films and was associated in various capacities with several other Tarzan productions. He was a stepfather of the actress Sally Field, scientist Richard Field, Dr. Carl Botefuhr, artist Angela Russell and author, Mahoney was born in Chicago, Illinois, but reared in Davenport, Iowa. He was of French and Irish descent. He entered the University of Iowa in Iowa City but dropped out to enlist in the United States Marine Corps when World War II began and he served as a pilot, flight instructor and war correspondent. After his discharge from the Marine Corps he moved to Los Angeles, California, however, he soon became a movie stuntman doubling for Gregory Peck, Errol Flynn and John Wayne. That man was Mahoney, who demanded and received $1,000 for the dangerous stunt, most of Mahoneys films of the late 1940s and early 1950s were produced by Columbia Pictures. Like many a Columbia contract player, Mahoney worked in the studios two-reel comedies, beginning in 1947, writer-director Edward Bernds cast Mahoney in slapstick comedies starring The Three Stooges. Mahoney had large speaking roles in films, and often played his scenes for laughs. In the Western satire Punchy Cowpunchers, Mahoney, striking a pose, would suddenly get clumsy. Beginning in 1950, Columbia management noticed Mahoneys acting skills and gave him starring roles in adventure serials and he was originally billed as Jacques OMahoney, then Jock OMahoney. He succeeded stuntman Ted Mapes as the double for Charles Starrett in Columbias Durango Kid western series, the Durango Kid often wore a mask covering much of his face, which enabled Mahoney to replace Starrett in the action scenes. Mahoneys daring stunts made it seem that the older Starrett grew, Mahoney contributed so much to this series that he was awarded featured billing and major supporting roles as well, first as villains and then as sympathetic characters. By 1952 Columbia was billing him as Jack Mahoney, when Charles Starretts contract ran out in the spring of 1952, Columbia decided to replace him with Mahoney, opposite Starretts sidekick Smiley Burnette. The first film was completed but never released, Columbia abandoned the series in June 1952, cowboy star Gene Autry, then working at Columbia, hired Mahoney to star in a television series. Autrys Flying A Productions filmed 79 half-hour episodes of the syndicated The Range Rider from 1951 to 1953, in 1959 there was a lost episode shown six years after the series ended. He was billed as Jack Mahoney, the character had no name other than Range Rider. His series co-star was Dick Jones, playing the role of Dick West, in the 1958 western film Money, Women and Guns, Mahoney played the starring role

12.
Marvel Comics
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Marvel Comics is the common name and primary imprint of Marvel Worldwide Inc. formerly Marvel Publishing, Inc. and Marvel Comics Group, an American publisher of comic books and related media. In 2009, The Walt Disney Company acquired Marvel Entertainment, Marvel Worldwides parent company, Marvel started in 1939 as Timely Publications, and by the early 1950s had generally become known as Atlas Comics. Marvels modern incarnation dates from 1961, the year that the company launched The Fantastic Four and other superhero titles created by Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Steve Ditko and many others. Most of Marvels fictional characters operate in a reality known as the Marvel Universe. Martin Goodman founded the later known as Marvel Comics under the name Timely Publications in 1939. Martin Goodman, a magazine publisher who had started with a Western pulp in 1933, was expanding into the emerging—and by then already highly popular—new medium of comic books. The issue was a success, with it and a second printing the following month selling, combined. While its contents came from an outside packager, Funnies, Inc, Timely had its own staff in place by the following year. It, too, proved a hit, with sales of one million. Goodman formed Timely Comics, Inc. beginning with comics cover-dated April 1941 or Spring 1941, Goodman hired his wifes cousin, Stanley Lieber, as a general office assistant in 1939. Lee wrote extensively for Timely, contributing to a number of different titles, Goodmans business strategy involved having his various magazines and comic books published by a number of corporations all operating out of the same office and with the same staff. One of these companies through which Timely Comics was published was named Marvel Comics by at least Marvel Mystery Comics #55. As well, some covers, such as All Surprise Comics #12, were labeled A Marvel Magazine many years before Goodman would formally adopt the name in 1961. The post-war American comic market saw superheroes falling out of fashion and this globe branding united a line put out by the same publisher, staff and freelancers through 59 shell companies, from Animirth Comics to Zenith Publications. Atlas also published a plethora of childrens and teen humor titles, including Dan DeCarlos Homer the Happy Ghost, Atlas unsuccessfully attempted to revive superheroes from late 1953 to mid-1954, with the Human Torch, the Sub-Mariner, and Captain America. Atlas did not achieve any hits and, according to Stan Lee, Atlas survived chiefly because it produced work quickly, cheaply. During this time, the Comic Code Authority made its debut in September 1954, Wertham published the book Seduction of the Innocent in order to force people to see that comics were impacting American youth. He believed violent comics were causing children to be reckless and were turning them into delinquents, in September 1954, comic book publishers got together to set up their own self-censorship organization—the Comics Magazine Association of America—in order to appease audiences

13.
Dazzler
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Dazzler is a fictional superheroine appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, usually associated with the X-Men. She first appeared in Uncanny X-Men #130, the character was created by a committee of Marvel staff, principally writer/editor Tom DeFalco and illustrator John Romita, Jr. Despite the fact that Dazzler was originally commissioned as a disco singer and she was briefly a member of the spin-off group Excalibur but has since re-joined the X-Men. Marvel Comics would develop a singing superhero, while Casablanca would produce a singer, the two companies would then work with Filmworks and produce a tie-in motion picture, Marvel Comics Editor-in-Chief Jim Shooter wrote a treatment for the project. Romita, Jr. Dazzler guest starred in Marvel titles, such as The Uncanny X-Men, The Avengers, John Romita, Jr. left Dazzler in issue #3, and was replaced by Frank Springer, who penciled most of the Dazzler series. DeFalco stayed on as chief writer through issue #6, and helped successive writer Danny Fingeroth with several of the following issues, Fingeroth and Springer remained the Dazzler stable team through issue #27. With issue #25, Dazzler became a bi-monthly publication, Springer changed Dazzler from a singer in New York to an aspiring actress in Los Angeles. To promote this new direction, Marvel had artist Bill Sienkiewicz do painted artwork pieces for several Dazzler covers, Springer left Dazzler with issue #32, and returned briefly for issue #35 and the Dazzler, The Movie graphic novel. Archie Goodwin and Paul Chadwick were assigned to Dazzler with issue #38, after that, she was briefly considered as a possible X-Factor founding member, but the decision to resurrect Jean Grey put that idea aside. After this, the character would go on to a run as an X-Men member, before disappearing completely for much of the 1990s and early 2000s. With the launch of New Excalibur, she returned to publication for the first time as a prominent cast member in over fifteen years. When Marvel canceled New Excalibur, Dazzler was brought back as a character in Uncanny X-Men written by Matt Fraction. In February 2010, Marvel published a one-shot Dazzler special by writer Jim McCann, the 2012 series X-Treme X-Men features Dazzler as the leader of a dimension-hopping X-Men team. Dazzler appeared in the 2012 volume of Uncanny X-Men as an agent of superspy outfit S. H. I. E. L. D, Alison Blaire was born in Gardendale, New York to Carter Blaire and Katherine Blaire. Her mutant powers first manifested when she was in high school, an aspiring singer, she volunteered to perform at her school dance when her light-generating abilities first appeared. Everyone at the dance assumed it was a technologically generated special effect, using the stage name Dazzler, Alison sets out to make a name for herself in the music industry, using her light powers and dancing ability to enhance her performances. It is at one of her shows that Alison first meets the X-Men while they are attacked by the forces of the Hellfire Club, angry at the interruption of her show, Alison lashes out in anger at the Hellfire intruders, unintentionally making one member catatonic. Alison subsequently aids the X-Men in finding Kitty Pryde and she had always assumed that life as a disco queen would be exciting but finds the fight with the X-Mens enemies going a bit too far

14.
Leonard Maltin
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Leonard Michael Maltin is an American film critic and historian, as well as an author of several mainstream books on cinema, focusing on nostalgic, celebratory narratives. He is known as a critic for the major studios, for writing the shortest review in the U. S. Maltin was born in New York City, son of singer Jacqueline, and Aaron Isaac Maltin and he is married to researcher and producer Alice Tlusty. He has one daughter, Jessica Bennett Maltin, born in 1986, Maltin grew up in Teaneck, New Jersey, and graduated from Teaneck High School in 1968. He described his relationship with film critic Roger Ebert as friendly. Maltin began his career at age fifteen, writing for Classic Images and editing and publishing his own fanzine, Film Fan Monthly. After earning a degree at New York University, Maltin went on to publish articles in a variety of film journals, newspapers. In the 1970s Maltin also reviewed recordings in the jazz magazine, starting May 29,1982, Maltin for 30 years was the movie reviewer on the syndicated television series Entertainment Tonight. He also appears on the Starz cable network, and hosted his own syndicated program, Leonard Maltin on Video. Maltin currently hosts a show called Secrets Out on ReelzChannel movie network. He also spearheaded the creation of the Walt Disney Treasures collectible DVD line in 2001, Maltin appeared on Pyramid twice as a celebrity player, in 1987 on the CBS $25,000 version, and in 1991 on the John Davidson version. He also appeared on Super Password as a celebrity guest in 1988, in the mid-1990s, Maltin became the president of the Los Angeles Film Critics Association and is on the Advisory Board of the Hollywood Entertainment Museum. For nearly a decade, Maltin was also on the faculty of the New School for Social Research in New York City and he currently teaches in the School of Cinematic Arts at the University of Southern California. The statement had appeared in print in Maltins annual movie guide for nearly 25 years before Maltin publicly apologized for the error, Maltin currently hosts The Maltin Minute for DirecTV customers. He also wrote the introduction for The Complete Peanuts, 1983–1984, in 1990, he took a look at the MGM years of The Three Stooges in a film called The Lost Stooges, available on a made-to-order DVD through the Warner Archive Collection. He was the host of Treasures From the Disney Vault on Turner Classic Movies and his own gigantic form was reminiscent of Ultraman with his initials on his chest. He also appeared as himself in Gremlins 2, The New Batch and this was spoofed in the Mad magazine parody of Gremlins 2. He also made an appearance on the cartoon show Freakazoid, where he voiced himself, only to be abducted by monsters

15.
Johnny Weissmuller
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Weissmuller was one of the worlds fastest swimmers in the 1920s, winning five Olympic gold medals for swimming and one bronze medal for water polo. He was the first to break the one minute barrier for 100-meter freestyle, and he won fifty-two U. S. national championships, set more than fifty world records, and was purportedly undefeated in official competition for the entirety of his competitive career. After retiring from competitions, he became the actor to portray Edgar Rice Burroughss ape man, Tarzan. Dozens of other actors have also played Tarzan, but Weissmuller is by far the best known and his characters distinctive Tarzan yell is still often used in films. Johann Peter Weißmüller was an ethnic German, the son of Peter Weissmüller. Johann Peter had one sibling, a brother, Peter. His generally accepted birthplace was in Szabadfalva, Austro-Hungarian Empire, the records of St Rochus Church in Freidorf show that Johann, son of Peter and Elizabeth Weissmüller, was baptized there on June 5,1904, three days after his birth. However, the roster from his familys arrival at Ellis Island lists his birthplace as Párdány. The passenger manifest of the S. S, the family is listed as Germans, last residence Timișoara. After a brief stay in Chicago visiting relatives, they moved to the mining town of Windber, Pennsylvania. On November 5,1905, Peter Johann Weissmüller was baptized at St. John Cantius Catholic Church in Windber, Peter Weissmuller worked as a miner, and his younger son, Peter Weissmüller Jr. was born in Windber on September 3,1905. Age five, erroneously entered as born in Illinois, Peter Weissmüller and John Ott were both brewers, Ott emigrating in 1902, Weissmüller in 1904. At age nine, young John Weissmüller contracted polio, at the suggestion of his doctor, he took up swimming to help battle the disease. After the family moved from western Pennsylvania to Chicago, he continued swimming, according to military draft registration records for World War I, Peter and Elizabeth were apparently still together as late as 1917. On his paperwork, Peter was listed as a brewer, working for the Elston and Fullerton Brewery and he and his family were living at 226 West North Avenue in Chicago. In his book, Tarzan, My Father, Johnny Weissmuller Jr. Peter signed his consent for 19-year-old John Weissmullers passport application in 1924, preceding Johnnys Olympic competition in France. In the 1930 federal census, Elizabeth Weissmüller, age 49, has listed with her, sons John P. and Peter J. Elizabeth is listed as a widow. As a teen, Weissmuller attended Lane Technical College Prep High School before dropping out to various jobs including a stint as a lifeguard at a Lake Michigan beach

16.
Elmo Lincoln
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Elmo Lincoln was an American film actor. Lincoln is best known in his silent movie role as the first Tarzan in 1918s Tarzan of the Apes as an adult and he portrayed the character twice more—in The Romance of Tarzan and in the 1921 serial The Adventures of Tarzan. Following the end of the silent movie era, Elmo left Hollywood, in the late 1930s, he returned to the film industry, most often employed as an extra. He appeared, uncredited, in two Tarzan films in the 1940s—as a circus roustabout in Tarzans New York Adventure, and as a fisherman repairing his net in Tarzans Magic Fountain. His final work saw him playing a brief, uncredited role in the 1952 film Carrie. According to Tarzan of the Movies, by Gabe Essoe, Lincoln was quite proud of his work in this film, Lincoln died of a heart attack on June 27,1952 at age 63. He is interred in a niche at Hollywood Forever Cemetery, for his contribution to the motion picture industry, he has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 7042 Hollywood Boulevard. In 2001, his daughter Marcia Lincoln Rudolph told his story in her book, My Father, Elmo Lincoln, Elmo Lincoln at the Internet Movie Database

17.
Edwin Booth
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Edwin Thomas Booth was a 19th-century American actor who toured throughout America and the major capitals of Europe, performing Shakespearean plays. In 1869 he founded Booths Theatre in New York, a theatre that was quite modern for its time. Some theatrical historians consider him the greatest American actor, and the greatest Prince Hamlet and his achievements are often overshadowed by his relationship with his brother, John Wilkes Booth, the man who assassinated President Abraham Lincoln. Booth was born in Bel Air, Maryland, into the English American theatrical Booth family and he was the illegitimate son of another famous actor, Junius Brutus Booth, an Englishman, who named Edwin after Edwin Forrest and Thomas Flynn, two of Junius colleagues. He was the brother of John Wilkes Booth, himself a successful actor who gained notoriety as the assassin of President Lincoln. In early appearances, Booth usually performed alongside his father, making his debut as Tressel or Tressil in Colley Cibbers version of Richard III in Boston in 1849. His first appearance in New York City was in the character of Wilford in The Iron Chest, a year later, on the illness of the father, the son took his place in the character of Richard III. After his fathers death in 1852, Booth went on a tour, visiting Australia and Hawaii. Before his brother assassinated Lincoln, Edwin had appeared with his two brothers, John Wilkes and Junius Brutus Booth Jr. in Julius Caesar in 1864, John Wilkes played Marc Antony, Edwin played Brutus, and Junius played Cassius. It was a performance, and the only time that the three brothers appeared together on the same stage. The funds were used to erect a statue of William Shakespeare that still stands in Central Park just south of the Promenade, from 1863 to 1867, Booth managed the Winter Garden Theatre in New York City, mostly staging Shakespearean tragedies. In 1863, he bought the Walnut Street Theatre in Philadelphia, after John Wilkes Booths assassination of President Lincoln in April 1865, the infamy associated with the Booth name forced Edwin Booth to abandon the stage for many months. Edwin, who had been feuding with John Wilkes before the assassination, disowned him afterward and he made his return to the stage at the Winter Garden Theatre in January 1866, playing the title role in Hamlet, which would eventually become his signature role. In 1867, a fire damaged the Winter Garden Theatre, resulting in the subsequent demolition. Elaborate productions followed, but the theatre never became a profitable or even stable financial venture, the panic of 1873 caused the final bankruptcy of Booths Theatre in 1874. After the bankruptcy, Booth went on another tour, eventually regaining his fortune. Booth was married to Mary Devlin from 1860 to 1863, the year of her death and they had one daughter, Edwina, born on December 9,1861, in London. He later remarried, wedding his acting partner Mary McVicker in 1869, in 1869, Edwin acquired his brother Johns body after repeatedly writing to President Andrew Johnson pleading for it

18.
Leslie Halliwell
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Robert James Leslie Halliwell was a British film critic and encyclopaedist who in 1965 compiled The Filmgoers Companion, the first one-volume encyclopaedia devoted to all aspects of the cinema. He followed it a dozen years later with Halliwells Film Guide, another work of effort. In the era before the internet, Halliwells books were regarded as the one source for movie information. Halliwells promotion of the cinema through his books and seasons of golden oldies on Channel 4 won him awards from the London Film Critics Circle, the British Film Institute, born in Bolton, Lancashire in 1929, Halliwell was captivated by films from an early age. He grew up during the Golden Age of Hollywood, the period when the big studios churned out movies, Halliwell and his mother Lily went almost nightly to the cinema, which offered them an escape from the grim reality of life in a soot-covered mill town. In 1939, Halliwell won a scholarship to Bolton School and after national service he studied English Literature at St Catharines College, Cambridge. After graduating with a 2,1 honours degree, Halliwell worked briefly for Picturegoer magazine in London before returning to Cambridge to manage the Rex Cinema from 1952 to 1956. Under his management it became popular with the Cambridge undergraduate community, showing classic and vintage films such as The Blue Angel, Citizen Kane. The Cambridge Evening News reported, students felt their periods at Cambridge were incomplete without the weekly visit to the Rex, in 1955, after the British Censor had banned the Marlon Brando film The Wild One, Halliwell arranged for Cambridge magistrates to assess the picture. They subsequently granted him a licence and the Rex became the only cinema in Britain to show the film. Halliwell joined the Rank Organisation in 1956 on a three-year trainee course, in 1958, he joined Southern Television and was seconded to Granada Television a year later, where he remained for the next thirty years, at their offices in Londons Golden Square. He married Ruth Porter in 1959 and they had one son and he was given responsibility for buying TV shows and in 1968 became the chief film buyer for the ITV network, a role he maintained throughout the 1970s and most of the 1980s. Travelling to Hollywood twice a year to view the latest TV pilots and film offerings and to trade fairs in Cannes and Monte Carlo, Halliwell became a major player in the television industry. TV mogul Sir Paul Fox said of him, I cannot praise Leslie enough for his ethics, for his negotiating skills, the studios appreciated him as a fellow professional and had great, great respect for him at all levels. In 1982, at the invitation of Jeremy Isaacs, he became buyer and scheduler of US films for Channel 4, in keeping with the channels intention to appeal to specialist audiences, Halliwell focused primarily on the 1930s and 40s. Over the next few years the channel showed hundreds of movies in seasons, with many titles introduced by film-makers such as Samuel Goldwyn Jnr, Frank Launder. Cinema fans and critics alike greatly appreciated Halliwells efforts, with Jeremy Isaacs saying he had made a contribution to the channels success. The British Film Institute gave Halliwell an award in 1985 for the selection and acquisition of films with a view to creative scheduling

19.
Roger Ebert
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Roger Joseph Ebert was an American film critic and historian, journalist, screenwriter, and author. He was a critic for the Chicago Sun-Times from 1967 until his death in 2013. In 1975, Ebert became the first film critic to win the Pulitzer Prize for Criticism, the two verbally sparred and traded humorous barbs while discussing films. They created and trademarked the phrase Two Thumbs Up, used when both hosts gave the film a positive review. After Siskel died in 1999, Ebert continued hosting the show with various co-hosts and then, starting in 2000, Ebert lived with cancer of the thyroid and salivary glands from 2002. This required treatments necessitating the removal of his jaw, which cost him the ability to speak or eat normally. His ability to write remained unimpaired, however, and he continued to publish frequently both online and in print until his death on April 4,2013. Roger Joseph Ebert was born in Urbana, Illinois, the child of Annabel, a bookkeeper, and Walter Harry Ebert. He was raised Roman Catholic, attending St. Marys elementary school and his paternal grandparents were German immigrants and his maternal ancestry was Irish and Dutch. In his senior year, he was president and editor-in-chief of his high school newspaper. In 1958, he won the Illinois High School Association state speech championship in radio speaking, regarding his early influences in film criticism, Ebert wrote in the 1998 parody collection Mad About the Movies, I learned to be a movie critic by reading Mad magazine. Mads parodies made me aware of the machine inside the skin – of the way a movie might look original on the outside, I did not read the magazine, I plundered it for clues to the universe. Pauline Kael lost it at the movies, I lost it at Mad magazine, Ebert began taking classes at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign as an early-entrance student, completing his high-school courses while also taking his first university class. After graduating from Urbana High School in 1960, Ebert then attended and received his degree in 1964. As an undergraduate, he was a member of the Phi Delta Theta fraternity, One of the first movie reviews he ever wrote was a review of La Dolce Vita, published in The Daily Illini in October 1961. Ebert spent a semester as a student in the department of English there before attending the University of Cape Town on a Rotary fellowship for a year. He returned from Cape Town to his studies at Illinois for two more semesters and then, after being accepted as a PhD candidate at the University of Chicago. Instead Kogan referred Ebert to the city editor at the Chicago Sun-Times, Jim Hoge and he attended doctoral classes at the University of Chicago while working as a general reporter at the Sun-Times for a year

20.
Golden Raspberry Awards
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The Golden Raspberry Awards often shortened to Razzies and Razzie Awards, is an award in recognition of the worst in film. The term raspberry in the name is used in its irreverent sense, the awards themselves are in the form of a golf ball-sized raspberry which sits atop a Super 8 mm film reel, the whole of which is spray painted gold. The first Golden Raspberry Awards ceremony was held on March 31,1981, wilsons living-room alcove in Los Angeles, to honor the worst in film of the 1980 film season. The 37th ceremony was held on February 25,2017, american publicist John J. B. Wilson traditionally held potluck parties at his house in Los Angeles on the night of the Academy Awards. In 1981, after the 53rd Academy Awards had completed for the evening, Wilson decided to formalize the event, after watching a double feature of Cant Stop the Music and Xanadu. He gave them ballots to vote on worst in film, approximately three dozen people came to the 1st Golden Raspberry Awards. The 2nd Golden Raspberry Awards had double the attendance as the first, by the 4th Golden Raspberry Awards ceremony, CNN and two major wire services covered the event. The term raspberry is used in its irreverent sense, as in blowing a raspberry, Wilson commented to the author of Blame It on the Dog, When I registered the term with the Library of Congress in 1980, they asked me, Why raspberry. But since then, razz has pretty much permeated the culture and we couldnt have done it without Hollywoods help. Wilson is referred to as Ye Olde Head Razzberry, paying members of the Golden Raspberry Award Foundation vote to determine the recipients. For the 29th Golden Raspberry Awards in 2009, award results were based on votes from approximately 650 journalists, cinema fans, voters hailed from 45 states in the United States and 19 other countries. The ceremony, typically one day before the Academy Awards, is modeled after the latter but deliberately low-end. Most winners do not attend the ceremony to collect their awards, notable exceptions include Tom Green, Halle Berry and Sandra Bullock, Michael Ferris, J. D. Shapiro, and Paul Verhoeven. Three people won both the Razzies and Oscars the same weekend, Alan Menken in 1993, Brian Helgeland in 1998, two actors had performances in the same movie scoring Oscar and Razzie nominations, James Coco and Amy Irving. Neil Diamond, winner of the inaugural Worst Actor Razzie for 1980s The Jazz Singer, was nominated for the Golden Globe in the same role, wall Street is the only film to date to win both an Oscar and a Razzie. Michael Douglas won the Academy Award for Best Actor, however Daryl Hannahs performance was not as well received and earned her a Razzie for Worst Supporting Actress, special prizes for the 25th anniversary of the Razzies awards were also given out in 2005. This is an award given by Razzie Award Governor John J. B. Wilson to an individual whose achievements are not covered by the Razzies other categories. It was awarded in 2003 to Travis Payne for Distinguished Under-Achievement in Choreography in the film From Justin to Kelly and this award is given to a critical and financial failure that wouldve been nominated if it had received an eligible release

21.
United States dollar
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The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States and its insular territories per the United States Constitution. It is divided into 100 smaller cent units, the circulating paper money consists of Federal Reserve Notes that are denominated in United States dollars. The U. S. dollar was originally commodity money of silver as enacted by the Coinage Act of 1792 which determined the dollar to be 371 4/16 grain pure or 416 grain standard silver, the currency most used in international transactions, it is the worlds primary reserve currency. Several countries use it as their currency, and in many others it is the de facto currency. Besides the United States, it is used as the sole currency in two British Overseas Territories in the Caribbean, the British Virgin Islands and Turks and Caicos Islands. A few countries use the Federal Reserve Notes for paper money, while the country mints its own coins, or also accepts U. S. coins that can be used as payment in U. S. dollars. After Nixon shock of 1971, USD became fiat currency, Article I, Section 8 of the U. S. Constitution provides that the Congress has the power To coin money, laws implementing this power are currently codified at 31 U. S. C. Section 5112 prescribes the forms in which the United States dollars should be issued and these coins are both designated in Section 5112 as legal tender in payment of debts. The Sacagawea dollar is one example of the copper alloy dollar, the pure silver dollar is known as the American Silver Eagle. Section 5112 also provides for the minting and issuance of other coins and these other coins are more fully described in Coins of the United States dollar. The Constitution provides that a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and that provision of the Constitution is made specific by Section 331 of Title 31 of the United States Code. The sums of money reported in the Statements are currently being expressed in U. S. dollars, the U. S. dollar may therefore be described as the unit of account of the United States. The word dollar is one of the words in the first paragraph of Section 9 of Article I of the Constitution, there, dollars is a reference to the Spanish milled dollar, a coin that had a monetary value of 8 Spanish units of currency, or reales. In 1792 the U. S. Congress passed a Coinage Act, Section 20 of the act provided, That the money of account of the United States shall be expressed in dollars, or units. And that all accounts in the offices and all proceedings in the courts of the United States shall be kept and had in conformity to this regulation. In other words, this act designated the United States dollar as the unit of currency of the United States, unlike the Spanish milled dollar the U. S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. Both one-dollar coins and notes are produced today, although the form is significantly more common

22.
Manga
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Manga are comics created in Japan or by creators in the Japanese language, conforming to a style developed in Japan in the late 19th century. They have a long and complex pre-history in earlier Japanese art, the term manga in Japan is a word used to refer to both comics and cartooning. Manga as a term used outside Japan refers to comics published in Japan. In Japan, people of all ages read manga, many manga are translated into other languages. Since the 1950s, manga has become a major part of the Japanese publishing industry, representing a ¥406 billion market in Japan in 2007. Manga have also gained a significant worldwide audience, in Europe and the Middle East the market was worth $250 million in 2012. In 2008, in the U. S. and Canada, the market was valued at $175 million, the markets in France. Manga stories are printed in black-and-white, although some full-color manga exist. In Japan, manga are usually serialized in manga magazines, often containing many stories. If the series is successful, collected chapters may be republished in tankōbon volumes, frequently but not exclusively, a manga artist typically works with a few assistants in a small studio and is associated with a creative editor from a commercial publishing company. If a manga series is popular enough, it may be animated after or even during its run, sometimes manga are drawn centering on previously existing live-action or animated films. Manga-influenced comics, among original works, exist in parts of the world, particularly in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan. The word manga comes from the Japanese word 漫画, composed of the two kanji 漫 meaning whimsical or impromptu and 画 meaning pictures, rakuten Kitazawa first used the word manga in the modern sense. In Japanese, manga refers to all kinds of cartooning, comics, among English speakers, manga has the stricter meaning of Japanese comics, in parallel to the usage of anime in and outside Japan. The term ani-manga is used to describe comics produced from animation cels, writers on manga history have described two broad and complementary processes shaping modern manga. One view emphasizes events occurring during and after the U. S, occupation of Japan, and stresses U. S. cultural influences, including U. S. comics and images and themes from U. S. television, film, and cartoons. Regardless of its source, an explosion of artistic creativity certainly occurred in the period, involving manga artists such as Osamu Tezuka. Astro Boy quickly became popular in Japan and elsewhere

23.
JoJo's Bizarre Adventure
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JoJos Bizarre Adventure is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hirohiko Araki. It was originally serialized in Weekly Shōnen Jump from 1987 to 2004 before being transferred to the seinen magazine Ultra Jump in 2005. The current story arc, JoJolion, started in 2011, JoJos Bizarre Adventure is currently Shueishas second largest manga series with its chapters collected into 118 tankōbon volumes and counting. A six-volume original video adaptation of the later half of the series third story arc was released from 1993 to 1994 by studio A. P. P. P. Followed by another seven-volume series covering earlier parts of the arc from 2000 to 2002, also produced a theatrical film of the first arc in 2007. In 2012 an anime series produced by David Production began broadcast on Tokyo MX. A second 48-episode season covering the arc was broadcast in 2014 and 2015, and a 39 episode season adapting the fourth began on April 1,2016. From 2003 to 2005, Super Techno Arts released both OVA series in North America, Viz Media released a translation of the third part of JoJos Bizarre Adventure in North America from 2005 to 2010, and began publishing English versions of the first two arcs in 2015. JoJos Bizarre Adventure tells the story of the Joestar family, a family whose members discover they are destined to take down supernatural foes using unique powers that they possess. The manga is split up into 8 unique parts, each following the story of one member of the Joestar family, the first six parts of the series take place within a single continuity, while parts 7 and 8 take place in an alternate continuity. Part 1 Phantom Blood JoJos Bizarre Adventure volumes 1 to 5, in the 1880s in Great Britain, the young Jonathan Joestar meets his new adopted brother Dio Brando, who only wants to usurp Jonathan as heir to the Joestar family. However, his attempts are thwarted and he resorts to using an ancient Stone Mask which transforms him into a vampire, Part 2 Battle Tendency JoJos Bizarre Adventure volumes 5 to 12. Part 3 Stardust Crusaders JoJos Bizarre Adventure volumes 12 to 28, in 1989, Jotaro Kujo, a Japanese high school student, places himself in jail because he believes he is possessed by an evil spirit. After thwarting an attempt by transfer student Noriaki Kakyoin who is under Dios thrall, Jotaro. Part 4 Diamond Is Unbreakable JoJos Bizarre Adventure volumes 29 to 47, Part 5 Vento Aureo Le Bizzarre Avventure di GioGio volumes 47 to 63. Koichi ultimately discovers the boys Stand and his goals for reforming the mafia from the inside out. Part 6 Stone Ocean Stone Ocean volumes 1 to 17, in 2011 near Port St. Lucie, Florida, Jolyne Cujoh is arrested and sent to the Green Dolphin St. Prison for murder. Her estranged father Jotaro visits her and reveals that she has set up in order for one of Dios disciples to kill her within the prison

24.
Stardust Crusaders
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Stardust Crusaders is the third story arc of the Japanese manga series JoJos Bizarre Adventure, written and illustrated by Hirohiko Araki. It was serialized in Weekly Shōnen Jump from 1989 to 1992, in its original publication, it was known as JoJos Bizarre Adventure Part 3 Jotaro Kujo, Heritage for the Future. The arc was preceded by Battle Tendency and followed by Diamond Is Unbreakable, in 2012, Stardust Crusaders was digitally colored and released as digital downloads for smartphones and tablet computers. A ten-volume hardcover re-release under the title JoJonium was published between June 4,2014 and March 4,2015, Viz Media initially released the sixteen-volume format of the arc in North America between 2005 and 2010. They began releasing the hardcover format in November 2016 and it is the most popular arc of the JoJos Bizarre Adventure series as it introduced the audience to the concept of Stands, which made it stand out from its predecessors. This popularity later spawned video games, a three volume drama CD series, two novels and two OVA series of this arc alone, a television anime adaptation by David Production, JoJos Bizarre Adventure, Stardust Crusaders, aired in Japan between April 2014 and June 2015. Continuing directly from where Battle Tendency left off, the arc takes place in 1989 and follows Jotaro Kujo. In Japan, Jotaro is a student who regularly gets into fights at school. He is put in prison after beating up three armed men and a boxer, but he refuses to leave, claiming hes possessed by an evil spirit. To demonstrate, he takes a gun and shoots himself in the head, Joseph Joestar soon arrives with his friend Mohammed Avdol. A battle ensues between Avdol and Jotaro in which Avdol manifests his own spirit, using it to provoke Jotaro out of the cell. Joseph explains that Jotaros evil spirit is actually a Stand, a manifestation of psychic power, Joseph reveals that Jotaros and his own Stand, having both manifested recently, appeared because of the reemergence of Dio Brando. Despite the attempts of Josephs grandfather Jonathan Joestar to end Dio in the 19th century, Dio vows to destroy the Joestar family and sends a brain-washed student Noriaki Kakyoin after Jotaro. Kakyoins Stand, Hierophant Green, possesses a nurse and attacks Jotaro with its Emerald Splash maneuver and it is soon discovered, however, that Holy has developed a Stand. Her Stand appears as ivy growing from her body, but because of her passive nature, Joseph and Avdol determine that they have fifty days to kill Dio to negate his Stands influence and save Hollys life. Star Platinums keen eyesight and a produced by Josephs Hermit Purple Stand helps the three determine that Dio is somewhere in Egypt. Kakyoin, freed from Dios control by Jotaro, joins the group, on a jetliner the group is ambushed by the insectile Stand Tower of Gray, forcing Kakyoin to prove his worth. Jean Pierre Polnareff, user of the swordsman Stand Silver Chariot, challenges Avdol in Hong Kong but is freed from Dios control, joining them to avenge his late sister

25.
Vampire
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A vampire is a being from folklore who subsists by feeding on the life essence of the living. In European folklore, vampires were undead beings that often visited loved ones and they wore shrouds and were often described as bloated and of ruddy or dark countenance, markedly different from todays gaunt, pale vampire which dates from the early 19th century. This increased level of vampire superstition in Europe led to mass hysteria and in some cases resulted in corpses actually being staked and people being accused of vampirism. In modern times, however, the vampire is generally held to be a fictitious entity, porphyria was also linked with legends of vampirism in 1985 and received much media exposure, but has since been largely discredited. However, it is Bram Stokers 1897 novel Dracula which is remembered as the vampire novel. The success of this book spawned a distinctive vampire genre, still popular in the 21st century, with books, films, the vampire has since become a dominant figure in the horror genre. Vampires had already discussed in French and German literature. After Austria gained control of northern Serbia and Oltenia with the Treaty of Passarowitz in 1718, officials noted the practice of exhuming bodies. These reports, prepared between 1725 and 1732, received widespread publicity, among the proposed proto-Slavic forms are *ǫpyrь and *ǫpirь. Another, less widespread theory, is that the Slavic languages have borrowed the word from a Turkic term for witch. Czech linguist Václav Machek proposes Slovak verb vrepiť sa, or its hypothetical anagram vperiť sa as an etymological background, and thus translates upír as someone who thrusts, bites. An early use of the Old Russian word is in the anti-pagan treatise Word of Saint Grigoriy, dated variously to the 11th–13th centuries, the notion of vampirism has existed for millennia. Cultures such as the Mesopotamians, Hebrews, Ancient Greeks, and Romans had tales of demons and spirits which are considered precursors to modern vampires. In most cases, vampires are revenants of evil beings, suicide victims, or witches, belief in such legends became so pervasive that in some areas it caused mass hysteria and even public executions of people believed to be vampires. It is difficult to make a single, definitive description of the folkloric vampire, vampires were usually reported as bloated in appearance, and ruddy, purplish, or dark in colour, these characteristics were often attributed to the recent drinking of blood. Indeed, blood was often seen seeping from the mouth and nose when one was seen in its shroud or coffin and its left eye was often open. It would be clad in the linen shroud it was buried in, and its teeth, hair, although vampires were generally described as undead, some folktales spoke of them as living beings. The causes of vampiric generation were many and varied in original folklore, in Slavic and Chinese traditions, any corpse that was jumped over by an animal, particularly a dog or a cat, was feared to become one of the undead

26.
Anime
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Anime is Japanese hand-drawn or computer animation. The word is the pronunciation of animation in Japanese, where this term references all animation. Arguably, the abstract approach to the words meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan. For simplicity, many Westerners strictly view anime as a Japanese animation product, some scholars suggest defining anime as specifically or quintessentially Japanese may be related to a new form of orientalism. The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1917, and Japanese anime production has continued to increase steadily. Anime is distributed theatrically, by way of television broadcasts, directly to home media and it is classified into numerous genres targeting diverse broad and niche audiences. Anime is an art form with distinctive production methods and techniques that have been adapted over time in response to emergent technologies. It consists of an ideal story-telling mechanism, combining art, characterization, cinematography. The production of anime focuses less on the animation of movement and more on the realism of settings as well as the use of effects, including panning, zooming. Being hand-drawn, anime is separated from reality by a gap of fiction that provides an ideal path for escapism that audiences can immerse themselves into with relative ease. Diverse art styles are used and character proportions and features can be quite varied, the anime industry consists of over 430 production studios, including major names like Studio Ghibli, Gainax, and Toei Animation. Despite comprising only a fraction of Japans domestic film market, anime makes up a majority of Japanese DVD sales and it has also seen international success after the rise of English-dubbed programming. This rise in popularity has resulted in non-Japanese productions using the anime art style. Anime is an art form, specifically animation, that all genres found in cinema. In Japanese, the term refers to all forms of animation from around the world. In English, anime is more used to denote a Japanese-style animated film or television entertainment or as a style of animation created in Japan. The etymology of the anime is disputed. The English term animation is written in Japanese katakana as アニメーション and is アニメ in its shortened form, in English, anime—when used as a common noun—normally functions as a mass noun

27.
The New York Times
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The New York Times is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18,1851, by The New York Times Company. The New York Times has won 119 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper, the papers print version in 2013 had the second-largest circulation, behind The Wall Street Journal, and the largest circulation among the metropolitan newspapers in the US. The New York Times is ranked 18th in the world by circulation, following industry trends, its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million. Nicknamed The Gray Lady, The New York Times has long been regarded within the industry as a newspaper of record. The New York Times international version, formerly the International Herald Tribune, is now called the New York Times International Edition, the papers motto, All the News Thats Fit to Print, appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page. On Sunday, The New York Times is supplemented by the Sunday Review, The New York Times Book Review, The New York Times Magazine and T, some other early investors of the company were Edwin B. Morgan and Edward B. We do not believe that everything in Society is either right or exactly wrong, —what is good we desire to preserve and improve, —what is evil, to exterminate. In 1852, the started a western division, The Times of California that arrived whenever a mail boat got to California. However, when local California newspapers came into prominence, the effort failed, the newspaper shortened its name to The New-York Times in 1857. It dropped the hyphen in the city name in the 1890s, One of the earliest public controversies it was involved with was the Mortara Affair, the subject of twenty editorials it published alone. At Newspaper Row, across from City Hall, Henry Raymond, owner and editor of The New York Times, averted the rioters with Gatling guns, in 1869, Raymond died, and George Jones took over as publisher. Tweed offered The New York Times five million dollars to not publish the story, in the 1880s, The New York Times transitioned gradually from editorially supporting Republican Party candidates to becoming more politically independent and analytical. In 1884, the paper supported Democrat Grover Cleveland in his first presidential campaign, while this move cost The New York Times readership among its more progressive and Republican readers, the paper eventually regained most of its lost ground within a few years. However, the newspaper was financially crippled by the Panic of 1893, the paper slowly acquired a reputation for even-handedness and accurate modern reporting, especially by the 1890s under the guidance of Ochs. Under Ochs guidance, continuing and expanding upon the Henry Raymond tradition, The New York Times achieved international scope, circulation, in 1910, the first air delivery of The New York Times to Philadelphia began. The New York Times first trans-Atlantic delivery by air to London occurred in 1919 by dirigible, airplane Edition was sent by plane to Chicago so it could be in the hands of Republican convention delegates by evening. In the 1940s, the extended its breadth and reach. The crossword began appearing regularly in 1942, and the section in 1946

28.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker

29.
IMDb
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In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database

30.
AllMovie
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AllMovie is an online guide service website with information about films, television programs, and screen actors. As of 2013, AllMovie. com and the AllMovie consumer brand are owned by All Media Network, AllMovie was founded by popular-culture archivist Michael Erlewine, who also founded AllMusic and AllGame. The AllMovie database was licensed to tens of thousands of distributors and retailers for point-of-sale systems, websites, the AllMovie database is comprehensive, including basic product information, cast and production credits, plot synopsis, professional reviews, biographies, relational links and more. AllMovie data was accessed on the web at the AllMovie. com website and it was also available via the AMG LASSO media recognition service, which can automatically recognize DVDs. In late 2007, Macrovision acquired AMG for a reported $72 million, the AMG consumer facing web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in August 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. The buyers also include the founders of SideReel and Ackrell Capital investor Mike Ackrell. All Media Network offices are located in San Francisco, California, AllMusic AllGame SideReel All Media Network Official website

31.
Rotten Tomatoes
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Rotten Tomatoes is an American review aggregator website for film and television. The company was launched in August 1998 by Senh Duong and since January 2010 has been owned by Flixster, in February 2016, Rotten Tomatoes and its parent site Flixster were sold to Comcasts Fandango. Warner Bros. retained a minority stake in the merged entities, since 2007, the websites editor-in-chief has been Matt Atchity. The name, Rotten Tomatoes, derives from the practice of audiences throwing rotten tomatoes when disapproving of a stage performance. From early 2008 to September 2010, Current Television aired the weekly The Rotten Tomatoes Show, featuring hosts, a shorter segment was incorporated into the weekly show, InfoMania, which ended in 2011. In September 2013, the website introduced TV Zone, a section for reviewing scripted TV shows, Rotten Tomatoes was launched on August 12,1998, as a spare-time project by Senh Duong. His goal in creating Rotten Tomatoes was to create a site where people can get access to reviews from a variety of critics in the U. S. As a fan of Jackie Chans, Duong was inspired to create the website after collecting all the reviews of Chans movies as they were being published in the United States, the first movie whose reviews were featured on Rotten Tomatoes was Your Friends & Neighbors. The website was an success, receiving mentions by Netscape, Yahoo. and USA Today within the first week of its launch. They officially launched it on April 1,2000, in June 2004, IGN Entertainment acquired rottentomatoes. com for an undisclosed sum. In September 2005, IGN was bought by News Corps Fox Interactive Media, in January 2010, IGN sold the website to Flixster. The combined reach of both companies is 30 million unique visitors a month across all different platforms, according to the companies, in May 2011, Flixster was acquired by Warner Bros. In early 2009, Current Television launched the version of the web review site. It was hosted by Brett Erlich and Ellen Fox and written by Mark Ganek, the show aired every Thursday at 10,30 EST on the Current TV network. The last episode aired on September 16,2010 and it returned as a much shorter segment of InfoMania, a satirical news show that ended in 2011. By late 2009, the website was designed to enable Rotten Tomatoes users to create, one group, The Golden Oyster Awards, accepted votes of members for different awards, as if in parallel to the better-known Oscars or Golden Globes. When Flixster bought the company, they disbanded the groups, announcing, in the meantime, please use the Forums to continue your conversations about your favorite movie topics. As of February 2011, new community features have been added, for example, users can no longer sort films by fresh ratings from rotten ratings, and vice versa

32.
Box Office Mojo
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Box Office Mojo is a website that tracks box office revenue in a systematic, algorithmic way, founded in 1999. In 2008, Box Office Mojo was bought by the Internet Movie Database, the website is widely used within the film industry as a source of data. From 2002–11, Box Office Mojo had forums popular with film fans, on October 10,2014, the websites URL was redirected to Amazons IMDB. com website for one day, but the website returned the following day without explanation. Brandon Gray began the site in 1999, in 2002, Gray partnered with Sean Saulsbury and grew the site to nearly two million readers. In July 2008, the company was purchased by Amazon. com through its subsidiary, Box Office Mojo had forums with more than 16,500 registered users. On November 2,2011 the forums were closed along with any user accounts. Tracking is still very closely to the day by day, actual tabulation of distributors. The site also creates an overall chart, combining all box office returns from around the world, excluding the United States. The overall weekend chart currently tracks the Top 40 films as well as approximately fifty additional films with no ranking, the site additionally has yearly and all time features for its various territories. Box Office Mojo was as of June 2009 reporting limited data from overseas and is work on improvements, most of the international charts have not been updated since November 2014. On October 10,2014, all traffic to Box Office Mojo was redirected to IMDbs box office page, queries about the closure to IMDb and Amazon representatives were met with no response. Neither Brandon Gray, who founded the website but left several years ago after its sale to Amazon, nor Ray Subers, on Ray Subers Twitter account, he revealed the websites return, but also stated he would not answer any questions pertaining to closure. Subers subsequently left the website seven months later

33.
Tarzan (book series)
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Tarzan is a series of twenty-four adventure novels written by Edgar Rice Burroughs, followed by several novels either co-written by Burroughs, or officially authorized by his estate. There are also two works written by Burroughs especially for children that are not considered part of the main series, the series is considered a classic of literature and is the authors best-known work. Tarzan has been called one of the literary characters in the world. Written by Burroughs between 1912 and 1965, Tarzan has been adapted many times, complete or in part, for radio, television, stage, and cinema. Even though the copyright on Tarzan of the Apes has expired in the United States, also, the work remains under copyright in some other countries where copyright terms are longer. The novel tells the story of John Clayton III, John and Alice Clayton II, Lord and Lady Greystoke of England, are marooned in the western coastal jungles of equatorial Africa in 1888. In September 1889 their son John Clayton III is born, at one year old his mother dies, and soon thereafter his father is killed by the savage king ape Kerchak. The infant is adopted by the she-ape Kala. Clayton is named Tarzan and raised in ignorance of his human heritage, as a boy, feeling alienated from his peers due to their physical differences, he discovers his true parents cabin, where he first learns of others like himself in their books. Using basic primers with pictures, over many years he teaches himself to read English, upon his return from one visit to the cabin, he is attacked by a huge gorilla which he manages to kill with his fathers knife, although he is terribly wounded in the struggle. As he grows up, Tarzan becomes a hunter, exciting the jealousy of Kerchak, the ape leader. Tarzan kills Kerchak and takes his place as king of the apes, later, a tribe of black Africans settle in the area, and Tarzans adopted mother, Kala, is killed by one of its hunters. Avenging himself on the killer, Tarzan begins a relationship with the tribe, raiding its village for weapons. They, in turn, regard him as an evil spirit, at about the age of 20 a new party is marooned on the coast, including Jane Porter, the first white woman Tarzan has ever seen. Tarzans cousin, William Cecil Clayton, unwitting usurper of the ape mans ancestral English estate, is also among the party, Tarzan spies on the newcomers, aids them in secret, and saves Jane from the perils of the jungle. Among the party was French Naval Officer Paul DArnot, while rescuing DArnot from the natives, a rescue ship recovers the castaways. DArnot teaches Tarzan to speak French and offers to take Tarzan to the land of white men where he might connect with Jane again, on their journey, DArnot teaches him how to behave among white men. In the ensuing months, Tarzan eventually learns to speak English as well, ultimately, Tarzan travels to find Jane in Wisconsin, USA

34.
The Return of Tarzan
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The Return of Tarzan is a novel written by Edgar Rice Burroughs, the second in his series of books about the title character Tarzan. It was first published in the pulp magazine New Story Magazine in the issues for June through December 1913, the novel picks up soon after where Tarzan of the Apes left off. The year is 1910 and Tarzan is 22 years old, the ape man, feeling rootless in the wake of his noble sacrifice of his prospects of wedding Jane Porter, leaves America for Europe to visit his friend Paul dArnot. Rokoff, it out, is also the countesss brother. Tarzan thwarts the scheme, making them his deadly enemies. Later, in France, Rokoff tries time and again to eliminate the ape man, in return, Count Raoul finds him a job as a special agent in the French ministry of war. Tarzan is assigned to service in Algeria, a sequence of adventures among the local Arabs ensues, including another brush with Rokoff. Afterward Tarzan sails for Cape Town and strikes up an acquaintance with Hazel Strong. But Rokoff and Paulovitch are also aboard, and manage to ambush him, miraculously, Tarzan manages to swim to shore, and finds himself in the coastal jungle where he was brought up by the apes. He soon rescues and befriends a native warrior, Busuli of the Waziri, after defeating a raid on their village by ivory raiders, Tarzan becomes their chief. The Waziri know of a lost city deep in the jungle, Tarzan has them take him there, but is captured by its inhabitants, a race of ape-like men, and is condemned to be sacrificed to their sun god. To Tarzans surprise, the priestess to perform the sacrifice is a woman who speaks the ape language he learned as a child. She tells him she is La, high priestess of the lost city of Opar, when the sacrificial ceremony is fortuitously interrupted, she hides Tarzan and promises to lead him to freedom. But the ape man escapes on his own, locates a treasure chamber, meanwhile, Hazel Strong has reached Cape Town where she meets Jane and her father, Professor Porter, together with Janes fiancé, Tarzans cousin William Cecil Clayton. They are all invited on a cruise up the west coast of Africa aboard the Lady Alice, Rokoff, now using the alias of M. Thuran, ingratiates himself with the party and is also invited along. The Lady Alice breaks down and sinks, forcing the passengers, the one containing Jane, Clayton and Thuran is separated from the others and suffers terrible privations. Coincidentally, the boat finally makes shore in the general area that Tarzan did. The three construct a shelter and eke out an existence of near starvation for some weeks until Jane

35.
The Beasts of Tarzan
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The Beasts of Tarzan is a novel written by Edgar Rice Burroughs, the third in his series of books about the title character Tarzan. Originally serialized in All-Story Cavalier magazine in 1914, the novel was first published in form by A. C. The story begins two years after the conclusion of the book, around 1913, when Tarzan is 24 years old. Tarzan and Jane have had a son, whom theyve named Jack, Tarzan has spent much time building an estate home on the Waziri lands in Uziri, Africa, but has returned to his ancestral estate in London for the rainy season. Tarzans adversaries from the novel, Nikolas Rokoff and Alexis Paulvitch, escape prison. Their trap is elaborate and insidious, leading both Tarzan and Jane to be kidnapped as well. Rokoff exiles Tarzan on an island, informing him that Jack will be left with a cannibal tribe to be raised as one of their own. Using his jungle skill and primal intelligence, Tarzan wins the help of Sheeta, the panther, a tribe of great apes led by the moderately intelligent Akut. With their aid, Tarzan reaches the mainland and begins a lengthy pursuit to find Jane, by the end of the story Rokoff is dead, while Paulvitch, his cohort, is presumed dead but manages to escape into the jungle. The Tarzan family returns to London along with Mugambi, who is offered a place at Tarzans Waziri estate, the book has been adapted into comic form by Gold Key Comics in Tarzan no. 157, dated January 1967, with a script by Gaylord DuBois, the Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy. ERBzine. com Illustrated Bibliography, The Beasts of Tarzan Text of the novel at Project Gutenberg The Beasts of Tarzan public domain audiobook at LibriVox |}

36.
The Son of Tarzan
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The Son of Tarzan is a novel written by Edgar Rice Burroughs, the fourth in his series of books about the title character Tarzan. It was written between January 21 and May 11,1915, and first published in the magazine All-Story Weekly as a serial from December 4,1915 – January 8,1916. It was first published in form by A. C. McClurg & Co. in March,1917 and has been reprinted numerous times since by various publishers, the story begins 10 years after the conclusion of the previous novel, which places it about 1923. Tarzan would be about 34 and his son, Jack, around 11, during the past decade, Alexis Paulvitch, who had escaped Tarzan at the end of the last novel, has lived a hideous life of abuse and disease among tribal people in Africa. Now he is discovered by a European ship and taken aboard, in the months that followed, Paulvitch encounters the ape, Akut, at one of the ships stops. Because of Akuts interactions with Tarzan, he was unafraid of white men and he took Akut to London and began displaying him publicly. After the trauma of the ten years earlier, Jane had refused to return to Africa or to allow Jack to know anything about his fathers past for fear that he might somehow try to relive it. Perhaps she instinctively knew that Jack was somehow connected to Tarzans old life, for Jack did have an avid interest in wildlife. When the Claytons heard about the ape, John decided to take Jack to see him. Tarzan was surprised to find the ape was his old friend, Akut, Jack was amazed to see that his father could do so. John then told Jack of his life as Tarzan, Jack started sneaking away to see Akut and began learning the language of the apes. Jack began to form a plan to take Akut back to the jungle, Paulvitch saw an opportunity for revenge, and agreed to help Jack. They escape to an African port where Paulvitch attacks Jack, Jack, like his father, was man-sized as a teen. Paulvitch is killed, and Jack, terrified, escapes into the jungle with Akut, like Tarzan before him, Jack learns survival in the jungle and encounters the Mongani apes, who he can speak with because of his dialogue with Akut. The nearest they can manage of his name Jack in the ape tongue is Korak and this means killer which seems appropriate since Jack has proven himself to be such. By around the age of 13 Jack finds a girl of about 11 named Meriem. He begins teaching her to survive the jungle and they begin a sibling type relationship, in the interim, Tarzan and Jane have begun living at their Wahiri estate in Africa again, not having any idea what became of their son