8
Wehrpflicht = compulsory service Most European countries have their own version of this Began in Deutschland in 1956 Since then over 8.3 million men have completed their national service

9
Men in Deutschland between 18 and 23 = serve 9 months in some type of national service Prior to 2011 = required Since 2011 = voluntary Constant debate about making it required again Women may volunteer Allowed to do almost all the same jobs as men

10
Militärdienst = military service Can take place with any of the branches of the armed services Luftwaffe = German Air Force Men in educational or vocational training programs = can delay their service until completion of programs

11
Ensure national security and defense International crisis management Rescue and evacuation Secure stability in Europe and the world

15
Zivildienst = civilian service civilian branch of national service Good for conscientious objectors = against war, violence, etc. Men must petition to do this Zivis = people working in civil service Zivildienst = social work in hospitals, retirement homes, and emergency medical services Rare cases = work in environmental protection, agriculture, and public administration