Over 95% DNA recovery in range between 80–3000 bp was achieved using Apostle MiniMaxTM High
Efficiency cfDNA Isolation Kit, as demonstrated through recovery of DNA ladder spiked in serum (Exhibit
2). This is due
to the optimal interaction between DNA and the nanoparticles enabled by the MiniMax technology, resulting in
efficient binding with cfDNA in complexed biological medium and total elution of cfDNA at later stage.

The Apostle MiniMaxTM High Efficiency cfDNA Isolation Kits are manufactured under highly
controlled and validated production processes. This will ensure optimal performance with high efficiency and
reproducibility in cfDNA isolation
(
Exhibit 3).

Exhibit 3. Highly reproducible DNA isolation process.

DNA ladder was spiked in serum, followed
by isolation with three batches of Apostle MiniMaxTM High Efficiency cfDNA Isolation Kit. The
Isolated DNA was characterized by Bioanalyzer 2100, and compared between batches. Apostle
MiniMax
TM High Efficiency cfDNA Isolation Kit offers highly consistent DNA isolation result.

cfDNA is a group of highly fragmented DNA molecules, with major peak at ~170bp, doublet peak at ~340bp,
triplet peak at ~510bp, and so on. Therefore, cfDNA isolation kit capable of highly efficient cfDNA isolation
spanning wide cfDNA size distribution
is desired. Apostle MiniMaxTM High Efficiency cfDNA Isolation Kit meets such need as demonstrated
from its >95% recovery of DNA ladder. This is further validated through isolation of natural cfDNA from human
plasma (Exhibit
2.4A) and urine samples (Exhibit 4B), where Apostle MiniMaxTM High Efficiency
cfDNA Isolation Kit offers superior cfDNA isolation efficiency over wide range, specifically covering the
170bp, 340bp, and 510bp cfDNA
peaks, when compared with major alternative product.

A) Cell-free
plasma was separated from blood samples by centrifugation for 10 minutes at 2000g at 4oC, then
centrifuged for 10 minutes at 16000g at 4oC. cfDNA was isolated from 4mL plasma with Apostle
MiniMaxTM High Efficiency cfDNA Isolation Kit (red curve) and major alternative product (blue
curve). The isolated cfDNA was characterized by Bioanalyzer 2100.

B) qPCR standard curve generated using original mutated DNA solution, in order to quantify the
recovery of DNA isolated with Apostle MiniMaxTM High Efficiency Cell-Free DNA Isolation Kit.
DNA isolation recovery rate was calculated
to be >90%.

Note: Displayed DNA concentration series at 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 ng/ul are the concentrations of the
original DNA dilution series before spiking into 1mL of serum. The corresponding DNA isolation working
concentrations are 20 pg/ul, 2
pg/ul, 0.2 pg/ul, 0.02 pg/ul, respectively.