649. Immunology. (3-0). Credit 3. Cellular
basis of the immune response; relationships between inflammation
and acquired immunity, MHC and cell activation; the role of
cytokines in immunoregulation and hypersensitivity, vaccines, and
the mechanism of immunity to viruses, bacteria and parasites.
Prerequisite: VTPB 409 or equivalent. Cross-listed with POSC
649.

664. Mammalian Genome Modification for Biomedical
Research. (3-0). Credit 3. Reviews the uses of genetic
manipulation in biomedical research and provides a working
knowledge of the various strategies used to modify mammalian
genomes including transgenes, homologous recombination,
gene-trapping, RNA interference, cloning, and gene therapy.

665. Viral Vectors and Gene Therapy. (3-0). Credit
3. Describes various viral vector systems, their
development and their use as research tools in biotechnology and
gene therapy; consists of a mixture of short lectures and
discussion of papers from the literature. Prerequisites: VTMI 663,
VTMI 647, PLPA 616, or PLPA 620 or approval of instructor.
Cross-listed with MMPA 665 and PLPA 665.

681. Seminar. (1-0). Credit 1. Review and
discussion of current scientific work and research in field of
microbiology and related subjects. Prerequisite: Approval of
instructor.

689. Special Topics in... Credit 1 to 4.
Selected topics in an identified area of veterinary microbiology.
May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: Approval of
instructor.

691. Research. Credit 1 or more with a maximum
of 23. Research for thesis or dissertation.

Veterinary Parasitology (VPAR)

601. Parasitology. (3-3). Credit 4. Important
helminth parasites of animals and humans; their identification,
distribution and life history. Prerequisites: VTPB 487 or
equivalent or approval of instructor.

620. Humane, Public Health and Regulatory Aspects of
Animal Use. (1-0). Credit 1. Emphasizes thoughtful and
humane use of animals in teaching, research and service; human and
animal health benefits of biomedical research; governmental
policies regulations, public health implications, management
practices, and public relations pertaining to animal use in
research and teaching.

642. Mechanisms of Metabolic Disease. (3-0). Credit
3. Characteristics and mechanisms of diseases caused
either by deficiency, imbalance, excess of specific nutrients or
chemicals, or by regulatory disturbances of metabolism.
Prerequisite: DVM degree or approval of department head.

643. Applied Pathology. Credit 1 or more each
semester. Application of information and concepts of
anatomic and clinical pathology to the diagnosis of animal disease;
gross pathological changes observed in necropsy are correlated with
and corrected by histopathologic observations; confirmatory methods
of clinical pathology and laboratory medicine used where indicated.
May be taken more than once but not to exceed 6 hours of credit
toward a graduate degree. Prerequisite: DVM degree or
equivalent.

645. Neoplastic Diseases. Credit 1 to 8.
Theoretical, histopathological and clinical aspects of neoplasia.
Diagnosis of neoplastic and related conditions in all species. May
be taken more than once but not to exceed 8 hours of credit toward
a graduate degree. Prerequisite: DVM degree or equivalent.

650. Neuropathology of Animals. Credit 1 to 4.
Pathology and pathogenesis of diseases of the central and
peripheral nervous systems. Interpretation of gross and microscopic
lesions of the nervous system associated with disease processes.
May be taken more than once but not to exceed 4 hours of credit
toward a graduate degree. Prerequisite: DVM degree or
equivalent.

681. Seminar. (1-0). Credit 1. For graduate and
special students in veterinary or comparative pathology;
presentation and discussion of special topics and research data
concerning pathology and pathogenesis of disease. Prerequisite:
Approval of instructor.

685. Directed Studies. Credit 1 to 4 each
semester. Advanced special problems concerned with
pathogenesis and pathology of disease. Prerequisite: Approval of
instructor.

689. Special Topics in... Credit 1 to 4.
Selected topics in an identified area of veterinary or comparative
pathology. May be repeated for credit.

690. Theory of Research. (3-0). Credit 3.
Theory and design of research related to current biomedical
problems especially those involving study of animal diseases;
philosophical perspectives underlying historical advances in
research pertaining to the study, prevention and treatment of
disease. Prerequisite: Graduate classification. Cross-listed with
VIBS 690 and VTPP 690.

691. Research. Credit 1 or more each semester
with a maximum of 23. Research for thesis or dissertation.