Jessant

From: aa565@Freenet.carleton.ca(Lorne Gray)

One charge that fascinates (and disturbes) me is (are ?)
animal heads that have Fleur de Lys coming out of their mouths,
etc. (Jessant de Lys). Does anyone know where this comes from?
If the Fleur de Lys is a spear head, as some suggest, is it
possible this represents an animal killed in the hunt? Though,
whatever the explaination, they are about the creepiest charges
I've seen. (excluding severed heads, of course)

From: velde2@jhunix.hcf.heraldica.org(Francois Velde)

Here's the trusted Woodward on the topic (p.225):

"A curious combination of the leopard's head (often reversed) with the
fleur-de-lis occurs in several old english coats. Gules, three leopards'
heads jessant de lis or, appear to have been borne by the family of
Cantelupe in the 13th century [I can think of canting arms for these
people, but it wouldn't be as dignified :-) -Ed.]. Of this family was
Thomas of Cantelupe, bishop of Hereford, 1275-82, and the arms since
borne for that see are the arms of the prelate only differenced by
the leopards' heads being reversed. M. Planche, in his _Pursuivant
of Arms_ pp. 103, 104, shows that the original arms of the Cantelupes
were the fleur-de-lis alone; and though it is quite possible that the
leopards' heads were added intentionally to mark an alliance or
sub-infeudation, it yet appears probable that, as his engravings show, the
charge may have developed out of a variation in the drawing of the
fleur-de-lis. Sable, three leopard's heads reversed jessant de lis are the
arms of Woodford. Sable, three leopard's heads or jessant de lis argent
are those of Morley. Gules, three leopard's heads or, jessant de lis azure,
over all a bend of the last, are the arms of Tennyson, and probably are
only a variation of the similar arms of Denys, or Dennis. Lord Tennyson,
the poet-laureate, has a grant of the following coat: Gules, on a bend
nebuly between three leopard's heads jessant de lis or, a laurel wreath
in chief proper."

Note that the leopards are of the English kind, i.e. natural as opposed
to Continental leopards (which are lions passant gardant).

Here's the OED on the word Jessant. Interestingly, the first meaning
is different (corresponding to brochant in French heraldry).

jessant , a. Her. Forms: 6 iesaunt, iezante, gesante, 8 gessant, 7-
jessant. (See also jacent a. b.) [In sense 1, a. OFr. gesant (later gisant)
lying, pr. pple. of ge'sir:-L. jacere to lie. Sense 2 is perh. a
different word.]
1. Said of a charge represented as lying over another and partly covering it,
so that the latter appears on both sides of, or above and below, the former.
1610 Guillim Heraldry iii. xv. (1660) 194 A Lyon Jessant..is not subjected to
the primary Charge, but is borne over both the Field and Charge, and is
therefore called a Lyon Jessant, jacendo, because of such lying all
over. 1706 [see jacent b]. 1725 Bradley Fam. Dict., Jessant, a Term in
Heraldry, when in a Coat of Arms, a Lyon or other Beast is born over some
Ordinary..that Lyon or Beast is blazoned Jessant or Jacent, that is, Lying over all.
2. Said when a charge (as an animal) is represented with another (as a branch
or flower) in its mouth or as if issuing from it.Jessant stands between the two
names, e.g. a hart gessant a branch of dittany, as if agreeing with the first
and governing the second; but it is explained by Chambers and later writers as
if agreeing with the second, and = Shooting or springing forth (? for Fr.
issant, issant). jessant-de-lis, abbrev. of jessant a fleur de lis, or in pl.
jessant fleurs-de-lis.
1572 Bossewell Armorie ii. 58, G. Beareth Sable, a Dromede passante d'or,
gesante a branche of the Date tree propre. 1572 Bossewell Armorie 59 An Harte
regardante d'Argente, iezante a branche of Dictamie propre. 1610 Guillim
Heraldry iii. xxvi. (1660) 257 The Field is..a Leopards head..Jessant a flower
de lis. 1727-41 Chambers Cycl. Jessant, in heraldry, is applied to a
flower-de-luce, or the like figure, seeming to spring, or shoot out of some
other charge... The word is formed from the obsolete French jesser, to rise or
spring out. 1766 Porny Heraldry (1787) Gloss., Jessant, this word signifies
shooting forth, as vegetables do; it is also used to express the bearing of
Fleurs-de-lis coming out of a Leopard's head, or out of any other Bearing. 1882
Cussans Handbk. Her. vi. (ed. 3) 103 Jessant: Shooting, or springing out of.

On the ghoulish side, how about the counts and princes of Schwarzenberg:
quarterly: Paly of eight argent and azure; Or, a raven sable collared
of the field, perched on the head of a dead Turk, picking out his eye.