Greif used Krupp and Boehler & Simson used Krupp on all but the highest grade which was Poldi-Anticorro.

Johann Springer's Erben(Wien/Vienna) may be the Thomas Kilby(T.K.) connection to Bohemia and Matska. He offered tubes in "Original Thomas Kilby", Boehler, Poldi, "English Siemens Martin", "English Kilby-Stahl"/"Kilby-Lauf" and then "Cocerill-Stahllaufe" on the lower grade/model "Spezial-Model" with an upgrade cost to either Poldi or Boehler.

Schuler "upon demand" did offer tubes, at least on the O/Us, by Wittener Excelstorstahl, Krupp Spezialstahl and Bohler Antinit. As to yet, I can't find that they offered Rochling/Roechling(Rochling Eisen and Stahlwerk with Carl Rochling(1827-1910-not the artist) and Hermann Rochling(1872-1855) - - http://www.saarstahl.com/geschichte_voelklingen.html?&L=1 , who appear to have been tightly connected to the Nazis and the French De Wendel folk.

Fasterstoff - little info yet, Skoda - http://www.quel.nl/Toeleveranciers/skoda-steel/19041 Witkowitz / Vitkovice Iron and Steel Works in Moravia was owned by the Austrian Rothschilds with partners brothers Wilhelm and David von Gutmann. It appears to be/have been Jewish.

Louis Constans Berger was born August 28, 1829 in Witten and passed this life on August 9th of 1891. He was the son of Carl Ludwig Berger and in 1854 founded Guss-stahl-fabrik Carl Berger & Company, which I think later became the Gussstahl-Werk Witten(Witten Cast Steel Works). In 1873 the Witten Cast Steel Works was incorporated while Carl Ludwig Berger was a member of the German Reichstag, so one can only guess at his political connections.

I say this in a preface for a question in the quest of the origin of the "Sl" mark which on this E. Schmidt & Habermann(guess) drilling is coupled with a "Witten" mark.The "Sl" wasn't a "SH" and I don't think it to be for Schmidt & Habermann as they didn't make their tubes but sourced them.

By the way, Heinrich EhrhardtRheinmetall / worked for a number of years as an engineer for a cast steel works in Witten(I assume Berger but will entertain other options), where he improved the production of train axles. In 1878 the 38-year-old Ehrhardt founded his own small machine tool factory in Zella Saint Blasii.

Yes, Excelsior(a quality mark & possibly trademark) did come from GuĂźstahlwerke Witten, A.G.(Witten Cast Steel Works with Witten of course as the city) founded and owned by Louis Constans Berger. It was a crucible steel(guess that??) and they made all kinds of parts including bicycle as well as armour plating. They also performed pressure test on their tubes and the info exists in an iron & steel text from the turn of the 20th century. I guess Excelsior to have surfaced in the late 1890s or circa 1900 but a little more research might narrow the date. Now a set of tubes with Witten Excelsior and the trademark would be from the Witten area. Just the term "Witten", I'm not sure and it may have been a Cast Steel Works process manufactured in Liege.

therefore, Sl(Syndicat Liegeois), could still apply to the "Sl" stamp.

I just wanted to note that equating the "Sl", which typically holds the position of the tube maker and is usually slightly worn or overstamped by proofhouse marks, is still a variable or wildcard and is undefined for now. It could be for Sigmund Loewe, brother of Ludwig & Isidor Loewe, who all founded Ludwig Loewe & Company in 1870 but I would think him to be more in the business end instead of the barrel making section. There's the Illig family who did compete in competitions but I don't know anymore than that. But the "Sl" mark does crop up from time to time and is seen on pattern welded tubes as well as cast/fluid steel.

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