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Acacia is a genus of shrubs and trees belonging to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae.

Acacia nilotica is a tree 520 m high with a dense spheric crown, stems and branches usually dark to black coloured, fissured bark, grey-pinkish slash, exuding a reddish low quality gum. The tree has thin, straight, light, grey spines in axillary pairs, usually in 3 to 12 pairs, 5 to 7.5 cm long in young trees, mature trees commonly without thorns. The leaves are bipinnate, with 3-6 pairs of pinnulae and 10-30 pairs of leaflets each, tomentose, rachis with a gland at the bottom of the last pair of pinnulae. Flowers in globulous heads 1.2-1.5 cm in diameter of a bright golden-yellow colour, set up either axillary or whorly on peduncles 23 cm long located at the end of the branches. Pods are strongly constricted, hairy, white-grey, thick and softly tomentose.