The Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany was written by Galileo Galilei in 1615. Galileo was an Italian scientist that began making new discoveries in the heavens in 1609. He discovered many things that did not coincide with the teaching of the church. The Letter of the Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany was written by Galileo in response to hearing that the Grand Duchess of Christina criticized the heliocentric theory that was created by Copernicus. This theory was created, in attempt, to bring different perspective on pre-existing theories involving the universe. Copernicus wanted people to become interested in finding truths and new discoveries regarding science. Galileo wrote the letter firing back at such criticism.

In his Letter to Grand Duchess Christiana, Galileo made an attempt to explain his discoveries and defended that they do not discredit the Church or religion. He insisted that science and religion could coexist. He explained how and why. He expressed his personal opinion on the reasons why certain people did not believe him and his discoveries. Galileo expressed confidence in his knowledge, sarcasm in some regards, and the letter’s overall tone seemed to upset many.

The Church believed that Galileo was trying to disprove the Bible and find all of its untruths. Galileo felt that the church did not want to believe his findings to be true because they may cause the people to question the church and its teachings. Galileo did not want to cause uncertainty. He only wanted to bring greater knowledge for understanding the Bible and how it’s interpreted. Galileo felt that the church and the people would not accept his findings because they would not personally benefit from them, they simply choose not to believe, and/or they were not willing to except new discoveries. He questioned the church and the people’s ability to argue his findings because most did...

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...Galileo Galilei was born in 1564 in Pisa, Italy. At a young age his family moved to Florence where he grew up. At about the age of 33, Galileo begins to believe in the Copernican or heliocentric model of the universe as opposed to the Ptolemaic or geocentric model. Galileo then used magnifying glasses to create telescopes to see the stars better. He realizes that the Copernican model offers better explanations for what he discovered in the sky and for what happens here on earth than the Ptolemaic. He then publishes the work Letters on Sunspots. After this is done the clergy of the Catholic Church begins to attack the Copernican view. An argument ensues between the Catholic Church and Galileo which eventually leads to him being arrested and sentenced to house arrest for heresy. This sentencing of Galileo was a vast overreaction. I definitely disagree with this sentence.
Galileo was sentenced to house arrest for his entire life. His crime did not deserve this harsh punishment. Galileo was only guilty of disagreeing with the Catholic Church. He didn't do anything to hurt nor corrupt anyone. The Catholic Church was trying to retain the power they had over the people by not allowing anyone to disprove their theory. They didn't want to look wrong so they charged Galileo of heresy and locked him up. To me, this is a poor excuse to lock someone up. There were people in that world that deserved to be locked up more than Galileo just for reporting...

...the time, the Aristotelian concept was accepted as doctrine by the Roman-Catholic Church and all of Europe honored his principles. In other words, to question his edict was considered heresy. However, Galileo’s contribution to the evolution of science and scientific thought is sought as one of the most profound as he was a man of persistence and brilliance.
He first pondered the Aristotelian idea that if one object, weighing one pound and another ten pounds, the latter would fall ten times faster. Quite frankly, the idea ‘struck Galileo as preposterous’ (19). This may have marked Galileo’s first suspected doubt of Aristotelian ways but certainly was not his last. Much to Galileo’s curiosity, he conducted the experiment atop the Leaning Tower by dropping two balls, one weighing in at one hundred pounds and another at one pound. With the Pisan philosophy department on hand to observe the outcome, Galileo suspected they would hit the ground at the same time, however, the larger ball beat the smaller by a mere two inches. This difference was a sigh of relief for Pisan philosophers who were willing to overlook ninety-nine braccia (arm lengths) in order to continue to follow the ‘wisdom of Aristotle’ (20) and therefore remain consistent with doctrine. This experiment would not be Galileo’s last attempt to test Aristotelian doctrine, but did mark the beginning of a new type of experimental science.
Galileo then took a...

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Galileo Galilei: Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany, 1615 Analysis
In paragraph D, Galileo explains how he has discovered the truth that the Sun is motionless in the center of the universe and that Earth revolves around it. He then states that he supports his theory and disagrees with the beliefs of Ptolemy and Aristotle, but can prove with many counter arguments why his beliefs about his discovery are correct. He finishes the paragraph by noting that people like Ptolemy and Aristotle will flat out disagree with his new found theory of the solar system because it is not the popular belief or the “common” knowledge and they will hold on to their beliefs that are based on fabricated and falsely interpreted facts from the bible. He also says that they will never give him a chance to explain his beliefs and they will disapprove of his findings without ever even listening to what they are.
In paragraph F he gives an example of Nicholas Copernicus, who just like him, was disappointed by people who rejected his theories without even hearing them out. He uses Copernicus as an example to show that even Copernicus, who was not only a Catholic; but a Preist, even thought and saw that the world was closed minded and being brain washed to take the bible and interpret it to the most literal extent that no new, logical theory would even stand a
chance in society. He does this to show that even the most religious person in Copernicus...

... Supported by two small slaves he stood up, and immediately collapsed. As I understand it, his breathing was obstructed by the dust-laden air, and his innards, which were never strong and often blocked or upset, simply shut down. When daylight came again 2 days after he died, his body was found untouched, unharmed, in the clothing that he had had on. He looked more asleep than dead.
Meanwhile at Misenum, my mother and I -- but this has nothing to do with history, and you only asked for information about his death. I'll stop here then. But I will say one more thing, namely, that I have written out everything that I did at the time and heard while memories were still fresh. You will use the important bits, for it is one thing to write a letter, another to write history, one thing to write to a friend, another to write for the public.
Farewell.
- two days later found how he was
- pliny is dead
After my uncle's departure I finished up my studies, as I had planned. Then I had a bath, then dinner and a short and unsatisfactory night. There had been tremors for many days previously, a common occurrence in Campania and no cause for panic. But that night the shaking grew much stronger; people thought it was an upheaval, not just a tremor. My mother burst into my room and I got up. I said she should rest, and I would rouse her (sc. if need be). We sat out on a small terrace between the house and the sea. I sent for a volume of Livy; I read and even took...

...The Scarlet Letter, a novel written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a novel that takes place in the town of Boston, Massachusetts in 1642. Hester Prynne, the main character of the story, commits the sin of adultery. Because of this sin, she is "blessed" with a child named Pearl. Her punishment is to wear a scarlet letter “A" on her chest for the rest of her life, which affects the way the townspeople look and act around her. Also, she must stand on the scaffold in the town for three hours for the whole town to recognize her grave sins. The man who should be standing upon the scaffold along with her and Pearl is the town minister, Dimmesdale. He is presented as a weak character because of his fear of losing his beloved reputation as such a holy man. The townspeople do not know who Hester’s husband is, but the reader eventually finds out that Hester’s husband is Roger Chillingworth. His quest throughout the novel is to take revenge on Dimmesdale. Many characters, including Pearl, Mistress Hibbins, Chillingworth, and Dimmesdale, are all characters who are associated with evil and the Black Man. Many of the same characters also struggle with their identity within their Puritan society. Because of the main sin of adultery, several themes emerge in the novel; the three major themes that are demonstrated in the lives of the main characters are the positive and negative effects of sin, the nature of evil, and identity issues in society.
To begin with, the...

...Raven 1
In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s book, The Scarlet Letter, the phrase “Opposites Attract” does not always ring true. Such is the case between a young beauty and an aging scholar. Through Hawthorne’s use of figurative language and imagery, he creates a winter-spring relationship between the two characters Roger Chillingworth and Hester Prynne, which ultimately leads to Hester’s downfall.
The character Hester Prynne’s unparalleled youthful beauty and passionate nature makes her the perfect embodiment of spring. Early on in the text, Hawthorne says “She had dark and abundant hair, so glossy that it threw off the sunshine with a gleam, and a face which, besides being beautiful from regularity of feature and richness of complexion, . . .”(50) This picturesque description of Hester is used to not only to show her beauty, but also how her beauty is so fresh and vibrant. Her hair being described as “glossy and abundant” alludes to her spring-like qualities because in spring, all plants and creatures are new and plentiful in number. Hester’s position as being a new mother also makes her symbolic of spring, because both represent fertility and new life. Hawthorne even goes as far as saying “…with the infant at her bosom, an object to remind him of the image if Divine Maternity…” (53) Hawthorne using this comparison portrays Hester as being a perfect representation of fertility, almost to a god-like degree. It is
Raven 2
unquestionable that spring is the most...

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Analysis of:
Zenzele:
A Letter for My Daughter
By J. Nozipo Maraire
Dominique Kemp
History 1210-01
Professor Adejumobi
November 17, 2014
The novel, Zenzele1, is so much more than the telling of a good, touching story. Zenzele informs and educates its reader to what it means to be an African. The story is unfolded as a letter from a mother, Amai Zenzele, to her daughter, Zenzele. Reading a mother's perspective on the many different lessons that Amai attempts and hopes to teach and impart upon her daughter is a privilege in itself. Amai Zenzele recollects several anecdotes from her past as inspiration to inform and educate her daughter through her words, her verbal pearls of wisdom. These valuable lessons from her life include what it means to be an African while studying abroad, to be a strong and educated woman and the meaning behind being a true revolutionary. There is a battle; a continual struggle between Amai Zenzele and her daughter- Amai's traditionalist and grass roots of a time long past conflicts puts separation between the two. Zenzele is a part of the ever-evolving world around her, and it is from this new world that she becomes a fearless independent woman and charges full force into the future unafraid of what may come.
One of the main lessons to be learned is that of the role that African women play in African society, as well as global society2. On a whole, African women were mostly subject to living in...

...PASTORAL LETTERANALYSIS
LIVING OUR FAITH, 1992:SUMMARY
The church intends to help man in all the complex situations that man finds himself and here in Malawi through the bishops in the 1992 pastoral letter it played its role by tackling these realities by reminding the nation that all mankind falls from one father, (God) and is all equal, for this man’s value should be observed and preserved, it continues to impart the idea that it is an integral part of the society and is assigned to maintain a conducive environment worth living.
The church calls for a need to sustain the socio-economic statuses of all to achieve equal experience of God’s gifts, it proceeds to foster the observation of conditions of labor for both the employer & employee nevertheless the supported families of the two parties. Educationally the church questions the state on the need of quality education provision & combating of the odds that exist in the education field as it is included on the state’s list of duties and to apprehend these odds the church suggests on its bond with the state.
In the health sector the church strikes on the need to improve health services by also putting medical personnel on the quest of full dedication in their service provision as they deal with human dignity which is to be kept intact in respect to the creator, on the issue of HIV/AIDS the church commends the state, non-governmental organizations & the general public for...