rho factor

Summary

Summary: A protein which effects termination of RNA synthesis during the genetic transcription process by dissociating the ternary transcription complex RNA;-RNA POLYMERASE DNA at the termination of a gene.

Top Publications

Structure of the Rho transcription terminator: mechanism of mRNA recognition and helicase loading

In bacteria, one of the major transcriptional termination mechanisms requires a RNA/DNA helicase known as the Rho factor. We have determined two structures of Rho complexed with nucleic acid recognition site mimics in both free and ..

..DNA helix. This "tethered tracking" model is consistent with other properties of Rho factor, including the presence of two classes of RNA binding sites on the Rho hexamer and the 1:1 stoichiometry in the ..

Transcription termination defective mutants of Rho: role of different functions of Rho in releasing RNA from the elongation complex

..The rate of ATP hydrolysis regulates the processivity of translocation along the RNA and is directly correlated with the efficiency of RNA release. NusG improves the speed of RNA release and is not involved in any other step...

Interaction with the nascent RNA is a prerequisite for the recruitment of Rho to the transcription elongation complex in vitro

..Actions of the Rho structure in the channel on the 3' segment that are coupled to ATP hydrolysis pull the RNA from its contacts with the template and RNA polymerase, thus causing termination of its synthesis...

b>Rho factor is an essential protein that causes termination of transcription in a wide variety of bacteria by an RNA-dependent helicase activity. Rho is activated by transcripts that contain a high proportion of cytidine residues...

A transcription antiterminator constructs a NusA-dependent shield to the emerging transcript

..Furthermore, as NusA is not required for the antipausing activity of Q(82) in vitro, we distinguish two distinct activities of antiterminators, namely antipausing and RNA occlusion, and discuss their roles in Q(82) function...

..Thus, NusA-dependent coupling should be less important in a mutant with low Rho activity. The fact that E. coli grows without NusA argues that NusA should be considered an accessory factor rather than a subunit of RNA polymerase...

..The implications of discrete domains for RNA and nucleotide binding are discussed in the context of requirements for specific interactions between RNA-binding and ATP-hydrolysis sites during transcription termination...

Dual role of boxB RNA motif in the mechanisms of termination/antitermination at the lambda tR1 terminator revealed in vivo

..The assay is based on the perturbation of gene expression induced by the bacterial Rho factor, an RNA-dependent helicase/translocase that acts as a competitor at one or several steps of mRNP biogenesis in ..

A mutation in the ATP binding domain of rho alters its RNA binding properties and uncouples ATP hydrolysis from helicase activity

..aureus Rho. Our results explain the lack of activity of bicyclomycin against many gram-positive bacteria and raise the possibility that the essentiality of rho may be the exception rather than the rule...

..Either a multicopy supply of the rof gene or bicyclomycin, both of which inhibit the transcription termination Rho factor, suppressed the increased sensitivity to oxidative stress of the rifampicin-resistant rpoB mutation in ..

..2.2]-bicyclic ring system. The observed biochemical activities for the C(5a)-extended conjugated bicyclomycin derivatives and the (5E) and (5Z) isomers were correlated with a structural model for the 1-rho complex...

..We conclude that the alphaCTD is a target for interactions with NusA that influence both termination and pausing, but in addition it participates in rho-dependent transcription termination in a NusA-independent manner...

..Thus, we conclude that NusG modulates Rho-dependent termination by interacting specifically with the RNAP of the E. coli elongation complex to render the complex more susceptible to the termination activity of Rho...

..Our data explain why only certain elements of BCM have been amenable to modification and serve as a template for the design of new inhibitors...

The bicyclomycin sensitivities of 38 bicyclomycin-resistant mutants of transcription termination protein rho and the location of their mutations support a structural model of rho based on the F(1) ATPase

..As a whole, the bicyclomycin sensitivities of the mutants are consistent with the locations of their respective mutations in the model of Rho based on the F(1) ATPase, therefore supporting the emerging consensus model of Rho structure...

..This attenuation phenomenon, together with the known ability of BIMEs to stabilize upstream mRNA, reveals how dispersion of these abundant repetitive elements may affect gene regulation at the genome level...

Expression of the Bacillus subtilis trpEDCFBA operon is influenced by translational coupling and Rho termination factor

..With the well-characterized trp t' terminator of E. coli, and no other proteins than E. coli RNA polymerase and rho factor, nusG causes a proximal shift in the terminated RNA endpoints, compared to the endpoints generated by rho alone...

Premature termination of in vivo transcription of a gene encoding a branched-chain amino acid transport protein in Escherichia coli

..repression of the LIV-I genes and harbor a temperature-sensitive allele for either leucyl-tRNA synthetase or Rho factor. Analysis of mRNA synthesis by DNA-RNA hybridization in the various mutant strains indicated that both shortages ..

..The observed loss of ATPase activity upon prolonged incubation of rho with excess purified bicyclomycin is attributed to the covalent modification of the protein by the antibiotic at multiple sites...

..In vivo termination appeared to occur at the rho-dependent termination sites identified in vitro. Transcription pausing analyses correlated sites of pausing in tnaL with sites of rho-dependent termination...

A J DombroskiDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York 14642J Bacteriol 172:2477-84. 1990

..the environment of the cell confirmed that transcription termination in vivo is indeed related to the ability of rho factor to properly hydrolyze nucleoside triphosphates, as would be predicted from results in vitro...

C A BrennanDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Rochester, New York 14642J Biol Chem 266:17296-305. 1991

..Our results indicate that several different components of RNA interaction are required for rho activity and support a role for the RNP1 consensus region of rho in at least one specific aspect of RNA binding...

The growth-inhibiting drug bicyclomycin, known to be an inhibitor of Rho factor activity in Escherichia coli, was shown to increase basal level expression of the tryptophanase (tna) operon and to allow growth of a tryptophan auxotroph on ..

..The DNA template requirements were the same as those previously established in vivo; transcription of a wild-type boxA sequence is both necessary and sufficient to promote RNA polymerase modification into a terminator-resistant form...

Three-dimensional reconstruction of transcription termination factor rho: orientation of the N-terminal domain and visualization of an RNA-binding site

..Although rho shares a common structural core with the F1-ATPase and other hexameric helicases, there has been a divergence in function due to rho's N-terminal domain, which has no homology to other helicases...

..CbhE is predominantly hydrophilic with a predicted pI of 4.43. The function of CbhE is unknown. No nt or aa sequences with homology to cbhE' or CbhE, respectively, were found in searches of a number of data bases...

Evidence suggesting cis action by the TnaC leader peptide in regulating transcription attenuation in the tryptophanase operon of Escherichia coli

..Understanding the roles of such differentially expressed genes will further define host-pathogen interactions in human disease, and allow development of new tools to reduce the enormous global impact of tuberculosis on mankind. ..

..3) Define the role of Rho and of Protein Kinases acting upstream and downstream of Rho in COX-2 expression in intestinal epithelial cells. 4) Characterize COX-2 promoter elements that are responsive to Rho. ..

..Delineation of these sites will provide a basis for understanding the mechanism of (R)-2 function and maximizing its therapeutic potential and may provide new information for the control of both neurological disorders. ..