ACTS PUNISHABLE:1. Inciting others to the accomplishment of any of the acts which constitute sedition by means of speeches, proclamations, writings, emblems etc.2. Uttering seditious words or speeches which tend to disturb the public peace;3. Writing, publishing, or circulating scurrilous [vulgar, mean, libelous] libels against the government or any of the duly constituted authorities thereof, which tend to disturb the public peace; or4. Knowingly concealing such evil practices.

ELEMENTS of ACT 1:1. That the offender does not take a direct part in the crime of sedition;2. That he incites others to the accomplishment of any of the acts which constitute sedition; and3. That the inciting is done by means of speeches, proclamations, writing, emblems, cartoons, banners, or other representations tending to the same end.

Acts No. 2 and No.3 Punishable when:1. They tend to disturb or obstruct any lawful officer in executing the functions of his office2. They tend to instigate others to cabal and meet together for unlawful purposes3. They suggest or incite rebellious conspiracies or riots4. They lead or tend to stir up the people against the lawful authorities or disturb the peace of the community, and the safety and order of the government.

UTTERING AND WRITING PUNISHABLE:1. when they tend to disturb or obstruct any public officer in executing the functions of his office; or2. when they tend to instigate others to cabal and meet together for unlawful purposes; or3. when they suggest or incite rebellious conspiracies or riots; or4. when they lead or tend to stir up the people against the lawful authorities or to disturb the peace of the community, the safety and order of the government.

Considering that the objective of sedition is to express protest against the governmentand in the process creating hate against public officers, any act that will generatehatred against the government or a public officer concerned or a social class mayamount to Inciting to Sedition. Article 142 is, therefore, quite broad.

US v Tolentino The manifest, unmistakable tendency of the play, in view of the time, place, and manner of its presentation, was to inculcate a spirit of hatred and enmity against the American people and the Government of the US in the Philippines.