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This much anticipated new text offers the most up-to-date and in-depth treatment available of the single-case design process. ";...;it has short chapters, technical terms are defined and discussed flawlessly, the examples tend to be brief and illustrative, and the narrative is not cluttered with many references."; ";The framework used in the "Experimental Questions" chapter (i.e. demonstration, comparitive, parametric, and component) is incredibly effective in shaping the types of research questions that are asked. This chapter will be a contribution, and students will appreciate it."; ~Mark Wolery, Vanderbilt University ";The inclusion of information about the premise of experimentation and strategic issues are a unique feature of this text and will likely make it a preferred choice over other single case design texts currently available."; ~Leasha M. Reese, University of West Florida ";An absolute pleasure to read. This is a well-written and thoughtfully organized text that I would certainly consider adopting...; It covers all the basic information in an easy-to-read style with real-life examples from the classroom."; ~Teresa Taber Doughty, Purdue University

Preface

ix

PART I Background

1

(26)

Conducting Experiments

2

(10)

What Is an Experiment?

2

(5)

Experimental Progress

7

(2)

Assumptions of Researchers

9

(2)

Conclusion

11

(1)

History of Single-Case Designs

12

(15)

Historical Antecedents to Single-Case Designs

15

(4)

Emergence of Behavior Analysis

19

(5)

Linking Educational Research and Behavior Analysis

24

(1)

Conclusion

25

(2)

PART II Strategic Issues

27

(50)

Functional Relations

28

(20)

Independent and Dependent Variables

28

(3)

Extraneous Variables

31

(4)

Baselines

35

(6)

Uncontrolled Baselines

38

(1)

Controlled Baselines

39

(2)

Demonstrating Functional Relations

41

(6)

Conclusion

47

(1)

Direct and Systematic Replication

48

(15)

Direct Replication

50

(3)

Systematic Replication

53

(7)

Intraexperiment Replication

54

(4)

Interexperiment Replication

58

(2)

Additional Participant Populations

60

(1)

Failures to Replicate

60

(2)

Conclusion

62

(1)

Experimental Questions

63

(14)

Demonstrative Analysis

65

(3)

Comparative Analysis

68

(2)

Parametric Analysis

70

(2)

Component Analysis

72

(3)

Conclusion

75

(2)

PART III Measurement

77

(46)

Quantifying Behavior

78

(16)

Benefits of Counting Behavior

79

(3)

Dimensional Quantities of Behavior

82

(9)

Frequency (Rate)

83

(2)

Duration

85

(1)

Latency

86

(1)

Interresponse Time

87

(3)

Celeration

90

(1)

Choosing Dimensional Quantities

91

(3)

Recording Systems

94

(18)

Developing and Using a Recording System

95

(15)

Observational Codes

95

(1)

Measurement Techniques

96

(10)

Recording Medium

106

(1)

Sampling Settings

106

(2)

Training Observers

108

(1)

Recording Independent Variables

109

(1)

Conclusion

110

(2)

Interobserver Agreement

112

(11)

Why Collect Interobserver Agreement?

112

(2)

Different Formulas for Calculating Interobserver Agreement

114

(5)

Total Agreement

115

(1)

Interval Agreement

116

(1)

Occurrence/Nonoccurrence Agreement

117

(1)

Additional Interobserver Agreement Approaches

118

(1)

Levels and Frequencies of Interobserver Agreement

119

(2)

Acceptable Interobserver Agreement Outcomes

119

(1)

Percentage of Observations

120

(1)

Interactions between Levels and Frequencies of Interobserver Agreement