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therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at other family members.

regression toward the mean

The tendency for extremes of unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average.

meta-analysis

A procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies.

evidence-based practice

clinical decision-making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences.

biomedical therapy

prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the paient's nervous system.

psychopharmacology

the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.

antipsychotic drugs

drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder.

tardive dyskinesia

involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs that target certain dopamine receptors.

antianxiety drugs

drugs used to control anxiety and agitation.

antidepressant drugs

drugs used to treat depression; also increasingly prescribed for anxiety. Different types work by altering the availability of various neurotransmitters.

electroconvulsive therapy

a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief eletric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or supress brain activity.

psychosurgery

surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior.

lobotomy

a non-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain.