CCNA 1 v6.0 Final Exam Answers Option A 100% 2019

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CCNA 1 Introduction to networks v6.0 Final Exam Answers 2019 (100%)

(Option A)

1. What is a characteristic of a fault tolerant network?

a network that protects confidential information from unauthorized access
a network that can expand quickly to support new users and applications without impacting the performance of the service delivered to existing users
a network that supports a mechanism for managing congestion and ensuring reliable delivery of content to all usersa network that recovers quickly when a failure occurs and depends on redundancy to limit the impact of a failure*

Explanation:

Fault tolerant networks limit the impact of a failure because the networks are built in a way that allows for quick recovery when such a failure occurs. These networks depend on multiple or redundant paths between the source and destination of a message.
A scalable network can expand quickly to support new users and applications without impacting the performance of the service being delivered to existing users.
Quality of service (QoS) is a mechanism for managing congestion and ensuring reliable delivery of content to all users.

2. Three bank employees are using the corporate network. The first employee uses a web browser to view a company web page in order to read some announcements. The second employee accesses the corporate database to perform some financial transactions. The third employee participates in an important live audio conference with other corporate managers in branch offices. If QoS is implemented on this network, what will be the priorities from highest to lowest of the different data types?

Explanation:
QoS mechanisms enable the establishment of queue management strategies that enforce priorities for different categories of application data. Thus, this queuing enables voice data to have priority over transaction data, which has priority over web data.

3. What is a benefit of using cloud computing in networking?

End users have the freedom to use personal tools to access information and communicate across a business network.Network capabilities are extended without requiring investment in new infrastructure, personnel, or software.*
Technology is integrated into every-day appliances allowing them to interconnect with other devices, making them more ‘smart’ or automated.
Home networking uses existing electrical wiring to connect devices to the network wherever there is an electrical outlet, saving the cost of installing data cables.

Explanation:
Cloud computing extends IT’s capabilities without requiring investment in new infrastructure, training new personnel, or licensing new software. These services are available on-demand and delivered economically to any device anywhere in the world without compromising security or function. BYOD is about end users having the freedom to use personal tools to access information and communicate across a business or campus network. Smart home technology is integrated into every-day appliances allowing them to interconnect with other devices, making them more ‘smart’ or automated. Powerline networking is a trend for home networking that uses existing electrical wiring to connect devices to the network wherever there is an electrical outlet, saving the cost of installing data cables.

4. What is the function of the shell in an OS?

It interacts with the device hardware.It interfaces between the users and the kernel.*
It provides dedicated firewall services.
It provides the intrusion protection services for the device.

Explanation:
Most operating systems contain a shell and a kernel. The kernel interacts with the hardware and the shell interfaces between the kernel and the users.

5. Which connection provides a secure CLI session with encryption to a Cisco switch?

Explanation:
A CLI session using Secure Shell (SSH) provides enhanced security because SSH supports strong passwords and encryption during the transport of session data. The other methods support authentication but not encryption.

6. A network technician is attempting to configure an interface by entering the following command: SanJose(config)# ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0. The command is rejected by the device. What is the reason for this?

The command is being entered from the wrong mode of operation.*
The command syntax is wrong.
The subnet mask information is incorrect.
The interface is shutdown and must be enabled before the switch will accept the IP address.

Explanation:
The wrong mode of operation is being used. The CLI prompt indicates that the mode of operation is global configuration. IP addresses must be configured from interface configuration mode, as indicated by the SanJose(config-if)# prompt.

7. An administrator uses the Ctrl-Shift-6 key combination on a switch after issuing the ping command. What is the purpose of using these keystrokes?

to restart the ping processto interrupt the ping process*
to exit to a different configuration mode
to allow the user to complete the command

Explanation:
To interrupt an IOS process such as ping or traceroute, a user enters the Ctrl-Shift-6 key combination. Tab completes the remainder of parameters or arguments within a command. To exit from configuration mode to privileged mode use the Ctrl-Z keystroke. CTRL-R will redisplay the line just typed, thus making it easier for the user to press Enter and reissue the ping command.

8. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is configuring access control to switch SW1. If the administrator uses a console connection to connect to the switch, which password is needed to access user EXEC mode?

letmein
secretinlineconin*
linevtyin

Explanation:
Telnet accesses a network device through the virtual interface configured with the line VTY command. The password configured under this is required to access the user EXEC mode. The password configured under the line console 0 command is required to gain entry through the console port, and the enable and enable secret passwords are used to allow entry into the privileged EXEC mode.

9. On which switch interface would an administrator configure an IP address so that the switch can be managed remotely?

FastEthernet0/1VLAN 1*
vty 0
console 0

Explanation:
Interface VLAN 1 is a virtual interface on a switch, called SVI (switch virtual interface). Configuring an IP address on the default SVI, interface VLAN 1, will allow a switch to be accessed remotely. The VTY line must also be configured to allow remote access, but an IP address cannot be configured on this line.

10. What protocol is responsible for controlling the size of segments and the rate at which segments are exchanged between a web client and a web server?

TCP*
IP
HTTP
Ethernet

Explanation:
TCP is a Layer 4 protocol of the OSI model. TCP has several responsibilities in the network communication process. It divides large messages into smaller segments which are more efficient to send across the network. It also controls the size and rate of segments exchanged between clients and servers.

11. What is an advantage to using a protocol that is defined by an open standard?

A company can monopolize the market.
The protocol can only be run on equipment from a specific vendor.
An open standard protocol is not controlled or regulated by standards organizations.It encourages competition and promotes choices.*

Explanation:
A monopoly by one company is not a good idea from a user point of view. If a protocol can only be run on one brand, it makes it difficult to have mixed equipment in a network. A proprietary protocol is not free to use. An open standard protocol will in general be implemented by a wide range of vendors.

12. What are two benefits of using a layered network model? (Choose two.)

It assists in protocol design.*
It speeds up packet delivery.
It prevents designers from creating their own model.It prevents technology in one layer from affecting other layers.*
It ensures a device at one layer can function at the next higher layer.

Explanation:

Some vendors have developed their own reference models and protocols. Today, if a device is to communicate on the Internet, the device must use the TCP/IP model. The benefits of using a layered model are as follows:

assists in protocol design

fosters competition between vendors

prevents a technology that functions at one layer from affecting any other layer

provides a common language for describing network functionality

helps in visualizing the interaction between each layer and protocols between each layer

13. Which two OSI model layers have the same functionality as two layers of the TCP/IP model? (Choose two.)

data linknetwork*
physical
sessiontransport*

Explanation:
The OSI transport layer is functionally equivalent to the TCP/IP transport layer, and the OSI network layer is equivalent to the TCP/IP internet layer. The OSI data link and physical layers together are equivalent to the TCP/IP network access layer. The OSI session layer (with the presentation layer) is included within the TCP/IP application layer.

14. Which name is assigned to the transport layer PDU?

bits
data
frame
packetsegment*

Explanation:

Application data is passed down the protocol stack on its way to be transmitted across the network media. During the process, various protocols add information to it at each level. At each stage of the process, a PDU (protocol data unit) has a different name to reflect its new functions. The PDUs are named according to the protocols of the TCP/IP suite:

Data – The general term for the PDU used at the application layer.

Segment – transport layer PDU

Packet – network layer PDU

Frame – data link layer PDU

Bits – A physical layer PDU used when physically transmitting data over the medium

15. A network administrator is troubleshooting connectivity issues on a server. Using a tester, the administrator notices that the signals generated by the server NIC are distorted and not usable. In which layer of the OSI model is the error categorized?

presentation layer
network layerphysical layer*
data link layer

Explanation:

The NIC has responsibilities in both Layer 1 and Layer 2. The NIC encodes the frame as a series of signals that are transmitted onto the local media. This is the responsibility of the physical layer of the OSI model. The signal could be in the form of electrical, optical, or radio waves.

16. A network administrator is measuring the transfer of bits across the company backbone for a mission critical financial application. The administrator notices that the network throughput appears lower than the bandwidth expected. Which three factors could influence the differences in throughput? (Choose three.)

the amount of traffic that is currently crossing the network*
the sophistication of the encapsulation method applied to the datathe type of traffic that is crossing the network* the latency that is created by the number of network devices that the data is crossing*
the bandwidth of the WAN connection to the Internet
the reliability of the gigabit Ethernet infrastructure of the backbone

Explanation:
Throughput usually does not match the specified bandwidth of physical links due to multiple factors. These factors include, the amount of traffic, type of traffic, and latency created by the network devices the data has to cross.

Explanation:
Cladding and immunization from electrical hazards are characteristics for fiber-optic cabling. A woven copper braid or metallic foil is used as a shield for the inner coaxial cable conductor. Cancellation is a property of UTP cabling where two wires are located adjacent to one another so each magnetic field cancels out the adjacent magnetic field.

18. What are two characteristics of fiber-optic cable? (Choose two.)

It is not affected by EMI or RFI.*
Each pair of cables is wrapped in metallic foil.
It combines the technique of cancellation, shielding, and twisting to protect data.
It typically contains 4 pairs of fiber-optic wires.It is more expensive than UTP cabling is.*

Explanation:
Fiber-optic cabling supports higher bandwidth than UTP for longer distances. Fiber is immune to EMI and RFI, but costs more, requires more skill to install, and requires more safety precautions.

19. What is a characteristic of the LLC sublayer?

It provides the logical addressing required that identifies the device.
It provides delimitation of data according to the physical signaling requirements of the medium.It places information in the frame allowing multiple Layer 3 protocols to use the same network interface and media.*
It defines software processes that provide services to the physical layer.

Explanation:
The Logical Link Control (LLC) defines the software processes that provide services to the network layer protocols. The information is placed by LLC in the frame and identifies which network layer protocol is being used for the frame. This information allows multiple Layer 3 protocols, such as IPv4 and IPv6, to utilize the same network interface and media.

20. A network team is comparing physical WAN topologies for connecting remote sites to a headquarters building. Which topology provides high availability and connects some, but not all, remote sites?

meshpartial mesh*
hub and spoke
point-to-point

Explanation:
Partial mesh topologies provide high availability by interconnecting multiple remote sites, but do not require a connection between all remote sites. A mesh topology requires point-to-point links with every system being connected to every other system. A point-to-point topology is where each device is connected to one other device. A hub and spoke uses a central device in a star topology that connects to other point-to-point devices.

21. What method is used to manage contention-based access on a wireless network?

CSMA/CD
priority orderingCSMA/CA*
token passing

22. What are the three primary functions provided by Layer 2 data encapsulation? (Choose three.)

error correction through a collision detection method
session control using port numbersdata link layer addressing*
placement and removal of frames from the mediadetection of errors through CRC calculations* delimiting groups of bits into frames*
conversion of bits into data signals

23. What will a host on an Ethernet network do if it receives a frame with a destination MAC address that does not match its own MAC address?It will discard the frame.*
It will forward the frame to the next host.
It will remove the frame from the media.
It will strip off the data-link frame to check the destination IP address.

24. Which frame forwarding method receives the entire frame and performs a CRC check to detect errors before forwarding the frame?

to store the routing tableto retain contents when power is removed* to store the startup configuration file*
to contain the running configuration file
to store the ARP table

29. Refer to the exhibit. What will be the result of entering this configuration the next time a network administrator connects a console cable to the router and no additional commands have been entered?

The administrator will be required to enter Cisco123.
The administrator will be required to enter Cisco234.
The administrator will be required to enter Cisco789.The administrator will be presented with the R1> prompt.*

30. What is the dotted decimal representation of the IPv4 address 11001011.00000000.01110001.11010011?

192.0.2.199
198.51.100.201203.0.113.211*
209.165.201.223

31. What are three characteristics of multicast transmission? (Choose three.)

The source address of a multicast transmission is in the range of 224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255.A single packet can be sent to a group of hosts.* Multicast transmission can be used by routers to exchange routing information.* Routers will not forward multicast addresses in the range of 224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255.*
Computers use multicast transmission to request IPv4 addresses.
Multicast messages map lower layer addresses to upper layer addresses.

32. What are the three ranges of IP addresses that are reserved for internal private use? (Choose three.)

It converts IPv6 packets into IPv4 packets.*
It translates private IPv6 addresses into public IPv6 addresses.
It enables companies to use IPv6 unique local addresses in the network.
It converts regular IPv6 addresses into 64-bit addresses that can be used on the Internet.
It converts the 48-bit MAC address into a 64-bit host address that can be used for automatic host addressing.

34. What is the most compressed representation of the IPv6 address 2001:0000:0000:abcd:0000:0000:0000:0001?

35. Which range of link-local addresses can be assigned to an IPv6-enabled interface?​

FEC0::/10​
FDEE::/7​FE80::/10*
FF00::/8​

36. How many valid host addresses are available on an IPv4 subnet that is configured with a /26 mask?

254
190
19262*
64

37. A site administrator has been told that a particular network at the site must accommodate 126 hosts. Which subnet mask would be used that contains the required number of host bits?

255.255.255.0255.255.255.128*
255.255.255.224
255.255.255.240

38. Which subnet would include the address 192.168.1.96 as a usable host address?

192.168.1.64/26*
192.168.1.32/27
192.168.1.32/28
192.168.1.64/29

39. Which statement is true about variable-length subnet masking?

Each subnet is the same size.The size of each subnet may be different, depending on requirements.*
Subnets may only be subnetted one additional time.
Bits are returned, rather than borrowed, to create additional subnets.

40. Which scenario describes a function provided by the transport layer?

A student is using a classroom VoIP phone to call home. The unique identifier burned into the phone is a transport layer address used to contact another network device on the same network.
A student is playing a short web-based movie with sound. The movie and sound are encoded within the transport layer header.A student has two web browser windows open in order to access two web sites. The transport layer ensures the correct web page is delivered to the correct browser window.*
A corporate worker is accessing a web server located on a corporate network. The transport layer formats the screen so the web page appears properly no matter what device is being used to view the web site.

41. A user opens three browsers on the same PC to access www.cisco.com to search for certification course information. The Cisco web server sends a datagram as a reply to the request from one of the web browsers. Which information is used by the TCP/IP protocol stack in the PC to identify which of the three web browsers should receive the reply?

42. What are two ways that TCP uses the sequence numbers in a segment? (Choose two.)

to identify missing segments at the destination* to reassemble the segments at the remote location*
to specify the order in which the segments travel from source to destination
to limit the number of segments that can be sent out of an interface at one time
to determine if the packet changed during transit

43. Which two tasks are functions of the presentation layer? (Choose two.)

compression*
addressingencryption*
session control
authentication

44. What is a key characteristic of the peer-to-peer networking model?

wireless networking
social networking without the Internet
network printing using a print serverresource sharing without a dedicated server*

45. A technician can ping the IP address of the web server of a remote company but cannot successfully ping the URL address of the same web server. Which software utility can the technician use to diagnose the problem?

tracert
ipconfig
netstatnslookup*

46. Which domain name would be an example of a top-level domain?

www.cisco.com
cisco.com.com*
root.cisco.com

47. A PC obtains its IP address from a DHCP server. If the PC is taken off the network for repair, what happens to the IP address configuration?

The configuration is permanent and nothing changes.
The address lease is automatically renewed until the PC is returned.The address is returned to the pool for reuse when the lease expires.*
The configuration is held by the server to be reissued when the PC is returned.

48. A wireless host needs to request an IP address. What protocol would be used to process the request?

FTP
HTTPDHCP*
ICMP
SNMP

49. Which example of malicious code would be classified as a Trojan horse?

malware that was written to look like a video game*
malware that requires manual user intervention to spread between systems
malware that attaches itself to a legitimate program and spreads to other programs when launched
malware that can automatically spread from one system to another by exploiting a vulnerability in the target

50. When applied to a router, which command would help mitigate brute-force password attacks against the router?

51. A network technician suspects that a particular network connection between two Cisco switches is having a duplex mismatch. Which command would the technician use to see the Layer 1 and Layer 2 details of a switch port?

show interfaces*
show running-config
show ip interface brief​
show mac-address-table

52. Where are Cisco IOS debug output messages sent by default?

memory buffers
vty lines
Syslog serverconsole line*

53. Match the description with the associated IOS mode. (Not all options are used.)

54. Refer to the exhibit. Match the packets with their destination IP address to the exiting interfaces on the router. (Not all options are used.)