In a networked environment, what acts as the central repository of programs and data to which all users connected to the network have access

NETWORK SERVER

NETWORK

A group of two or more computers connected so they can communicate with one another

NETWORKS ALLOW USERS TO

-Simultaneously access the same programs and data.

-Transfer data from one computer to another.

-Share peripheral devices, such as printers.

-Share data storage devices for backup.

-Use electronic mail (e-mail) to communicate with each other.

-Access the Internet.

Any entity on a network that can be managed, such as a system, repeater,router, gateway,switch or firewall. A computer or other addressable device attached to a network; a host.

NODE

CLIENT

An individual computer connected to a network. Also, a system or application (such asa Web browser or user agent) that requests a service from another computer (the server) and is used to access files or documents.

A computer in a network that manages the network resources and provides, or serves, information to clients.

SERVER

the interface that enables users to communicate with and request information from the server

CLIENT SOFTWARE

Divides computing tasks between the client and the server using a common set of protocols.

The client/server model:

Why was the Internet created using multiple connections among multiple hosts?

To avoid a central point of vulnerability, and thus reduce the chance of total network failure

High-speed data lines that handle the bulk of data transmission and form the main network connections of the Internet are known as:

BACKBONES

The two main types of network structures

local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs).

A group of computers connected within a confined geographic area.

local area network(LAN)

A group of computers connected over an expansive geographic area so their users can share files and services.

wide area network(WAN)

A world wide network of interconnected networks.﻿

Internet

A U.S. Departmentof Defense agencythat created the first global computer network.

Advanced ResearchProjects Agency(ARPA)

A computer network, funded by ARPA, that served as the basis for early networking researchand was the backbone during the development of the Internet.

Advanced ResearchProjects AgencyNetwork (ARPANET)

An independent agency of the U.S.government that promotes the advancement of science and engineering.

A set of software programs that enables users to access resources ont he Internet via hypertext documents

World Wide Web(WWW)

Highlighted or underlined text in aWeb page that,when clicked, links the user to another location or Webpage.

hypertext link

An HTML document containing one or more elements (text,images, hyperlinks)that can be linked to or from other HTML pages.

Web page

A World Wide Webserver and its content; includes multiple Webpages.

WEB SITE

A software application that enables users to access and view Web pages on the Internet.

Web browser

host computers on the Internet

WEB SERVERS

A suite of protocols that turns data into blocks of information called packets,which are then sent across the Internet.The standard protocol used by the Internet.

Transmission ControlProtocol/InternetProtocol (TCP/IP)

Data processed byprotocols so it canbe sent across anetwork.

PACKETS

A device that routes packets between networks based onnetwork-layer addresses;determines the best path across an etwork. Also used to connects eparate LANs to form a WAN.

router

protocol software used to communicate with the Internet Client

TCP/IP

direct connection to an Internet Service Provider (ISP)

Internet connection

Web browser, e-mail or news client program

Client software

An organization that maintains a gateway to the Internet and rents access to customers on a per-use or subscription basis.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

two principal options for connecting to the Internet offered by ISPs

Dial-up connection and Direct connection

Abbreviation for modulator/demodulator. An analog device that enables computers to communicate over telephone lines by translating digital data into audio/analog signals (onthe sending computer) and then back into digital form (on the receiving computer).

modem

A communication standard for sending voice,video or data over digital telephone lines.

Integrated Service Digital Network(ISDN)

The amount ofinformation,sometimes calledtraffic, that can becarried on anetwork at onetime. The totalcapacity of a line.Also, the rate ofdata transfer over anetworkconnection;measured in bits persecond.

bandwidth

A circuit board within a computer's central processing unit that serves as the interface enabling the computer to connect to a network.

network interfacecard (NIC)

A device that enables wireless systems to communicate with each other, provided that they are on the same network.

wireless accesspoint (AP)

A definition or format that has been approved by a recognized standards organization

standard

wireless mode in which systems use only their NICs to connect with each other

Ad-hoc

wireless mode in which systems connect via a centralized access point, called a wireless access point (AP)