1900 - Population of Texarkana reaches 10,000.
1900 - Towns first hospital, Texarkana Sanitarium, is opened.
It is housed in the Mann Home on Pine Street and incorporated
by Dr. Spencer A. Collom, Dr. Geo. C. Abell, and Dr. Thomas F.
Kittrell. It was enlarged in 1908 and 1917 and a nurse's home
was built.
1901 - Tennison Brother Metal fabrication founded.
1902 - Spencer and Crouch become the first operators of electric
street railway service in the city.
The mule car system had by now been abandoned.
1902 - U. S. mail gets redistributed from a railroad car in the
cities bustling rail yard. In 40 years, it would become one of
the largest distribution terminals in the nation.
1902 - June: two and a half miles of electric railways had now
been built on Texas side streets.
1902 - June 15: Texarkana loses to the Corsicana Oilers 51 - 3
in a game that set many Texas League records. C. D. DeWitt
gave up 37 hits, including 16 home runs.
1902 - Both sides of the town dispense with all-volunteer fire
departments, hire fire chiefs and drivers.
1902 - Rialto Building, now known as the Medical Arts Building,
was erected. It is still standing at 317 State Line Ave. It
was one of the first buildings to have electricity. In 1943
Dr. E. L. Beck converted it into a medical building.
1902 - International Creosoting and Construction, later
Moss-American, founded.
1902 - Wilbur Smith, who in the 1970's, 80's, and 90's would
become the towns greatest ambassador and historian is born.
1902 - Oak Street Baptist Church is established.
1902 - March 12: Texarkana Telephone Co., an independent competitor,
constructs a modern common battery exchange. Southwestern Telegraph
and Telephone Co.. is called the "old phone" by locals. TTC is the
"new phone". Southwestern had long distance service, TCC had local
only service.
1903 - Dec. 13: First Church of Christ Scientist holds initial
meeting. After several moves, in 1957 it moves to location at 2724
County Avenue. In 1999, Seventh Day Baptist Church established a
church at this location.
1903 - J. K. Wadley brings six "Merry Oldsmobile's" to Texarkana
from Detroit. These were not the first automobiles here, but
certainly some of the earliest.
1903 - Oct. 9: New Long Distance Telephone is organized to augment
Texarkana Telephone Company.
1904 - April 10 - Beech Street Baptist Church is organized with 83
charter members. The meeting was held at 3 p.m. at Miller County
Courthouse.
1904 - Board of Trade organized. This would later become the
Texarkana Chamber of Commerce.
1904 - Aug. 12: Cotton Belt passenger train derails south of
Texarkana near International Creosote Plants.
1904 - November: Cotton Belt Hospital opens with 150 beds on a 35
acre site on one of the highest spots in Texarkana.
1904 - Texarkana Independent and Texarkana Democrat are sold, merged
and become "Daily" Texarkanian.
1905 - April 29: A wood framed Beech Street Baptist Church burns down.
It is rebuilt immediately with a $50,000 structure of classic Grecian
style completed in October 1906. Three other fires would damage church
structures during the next 25 years.
1905 - May: Holiness Church of Christ is founded here. It would later
become First Church of the Nazarene. In 1972 a new church was built
at Richmond and Robinson Roads.
1905 - Timberlake Hardware on Main Street in downtown Texarkana opens.
It closed early in the 1990's.
1905 - W. S. Dickey Clay Manufacturing Co. founded.
1907 - The Daily Texarkanian reports: "Broad Street will soon be a
regular blaze of light with the electric signs that have already
been erected and that are soon to be lit up. They are all large,
handmade affairs and give Broad Street a decided city appearance.
1907 - Oct 12: J. Q. Mahaffey, long time editor of the Texarkana
Gazette is born.
1907 - Dr. Garland Uriah Jamison Sr. arrives in Texarkana.
He and partners would establish a medical clinic, a sanitarium,
a nurses training facility and a drug store.
1908 - Texarkana Gas and Electric Co. brings first natural gas
to town by installing a pipeline to the Caddo Field in Northeast
Louisiana and East Texas. TG&EC had earlier absorbed Texarkana
GasLight Co., and early franchise holder.
1908 - May 31: Local newspaper reports the birth of a double
headed calf that had two nostrils, two mouths, two tongues,
and two sets of teeth, and was joined together about where
the eyes ought to be.
1909 - July 27: Arkansas-side City Council refuses to ratify
the selection of J. J. Hussey as joint fire Chief, saying they
did not think the Texas side was acting fair in the matter
and that appeared they "wanted everything their own way".
Hussey was eventually appointed and served until the two
departments were separated. But from 1909 until 1934, one
fire department protected both sides of town.
1909 - Texarkana gets its first fire truck, kept at the old
Texas Central Fire Station. A car for the fire chief, also
a first, was purchased a year earlier.
1909 - Salvation Army Church holds first services.
1909 - The National Humane Alliance gives Texarkana the
Herman Lee Ensign Fountain as a gift. It now sits at Seventh
Street and State Line Avenue. It initially was placed in front
of the downtown post office as a watering trough for horses
and dogs and to improve scenery. It was moved after towns
people objected to it because it collected refuse and attracted
flies. In 1926 it was moved because automobiles had mostly
replaced horse drawn vehicles.
1909 - Texarkana Courier was started by J. W. Stuart.
He was the first editor to erect a modern newspaper building.
1909 - Texarkana Telephone Co. is placed in receivership.
After 2 and one half years, obligations were liquidated and
in 1912 it was reorganized under new leadership. During
this period, New Long Distance Co. was purchased by TTC.
Both were at Third and State Line in the Offenhauser building,
now the Texarkana Museum.
1910 - 1919
1909 (or 1910) - President William Taft makes a stop in
Texarkana during a train tour. He makes a short address
from the observation platform of the presidential car.
1910 - Population of Texarkana reaches 18,000, nearly doubling
during the prior decade.
1910 - C. E. Palmer establishes the Four States Press, after
buying the Texarkana Courier an absorbing it into this publication.
1910 - Construction completed on the Texas Viaduct.
1911 - Construction gets under way on a new high school on
the Texas side. This is currently the site of the Pine Street
Middle School Campus.
1912 - Texas High - Arkansas High play first football game.
THS wins, 46 - 0.
1912 - Texarkana Gas & Electric Co., the Shreveport Gas &
Electric, and Caddo Gas & Oil Co. merge to form Southwestern
Gas & Electric Co., and provided services to Texarkana,
Shreveport, and Bossier, La.
1912 - Texarkana, Texas Fire Department purchases the city's
first motor driven fire fighting apparatus.
1913 - May: Because the public was generally dissatisfied with
the operation of two telephone companies in Texarkana, the
Texarkana Texas City Council passed an ordinance allowing the
Texarkana Telephone Company to take over the exchange owned by
Southwestern Telegraph and Telephone Company. In March 1914,
the Arkansas side council did the same thing. The sale and
merger was finally completed in 1915.
1913 - Morris Sheppard is elected to the U. S. Senate. He
would serve 28 years, until his death. He had spent the
previous 13 years on Congress.
1913 - Trigg Street train station is torn down. This early
depot was located where Seventh Street underpass now is located.
1914 - George Strong poses for famous photograph taken in front
of downtown post office. He is standing on one side of the State
Line, holding a donkey standing on the other side of the State Line.
The caption reads: The man in Texas and his ass in Arkansas.
Millions of post cards were sold, peaking when troop trains
passed through during WWI.
1914 - Texarkana Negro Business League was formed.
It lasted 30 years.
1914 - Sept. 22: Group from Hooks, Texas, begin exploratory
mission work in Texarkana. Services for what would later
become First Lutheran Church are held with in a month.
There were 15 members.
1914 - Conor Hotel, for Blacks, closes down.
1915 - April 30 - Texarkana Telephone Co. buys Southwestern
Telegraph Co. and merges the two interests, keeping the former
name. The system is now headquartered at Third and Wood Streets
and has one common battery system.
1916 - Sept. 14: Mecheal Meagher Hospital opens in Texakrana,
under-written by an $80,000 bequest from the estate of its
namesake, who was killed in a violent mugging in San Antonio.
It would later become St. Micheal Hospital and in 1999 it
was renamed Christus Saint Micheal Health care System.
1917 - February. Texarkana Lions Club is chartered.
1916 - Doddridge, Arkansas, in Miller County burns down.
Much of what is known about the town's history is lost
in the blaze.
1917 - April Texarkana Rotary Club is organized.
1917 - May: Young Men's Business League merges with Board
of Trade to become the Texarkana Chamber of Commerce.
1917 - Jamison Sanitarium is founded.
1918 - October: Otis Henry, a local man who fought in
World War I with many other local men, is gassed at Vincey.
His mother erects a magnificent Italian marble monument at
Rose Hill cemetery.
1918 - Nov. 18: Shrieking whistles about 2 a.m. signal
the end of World War I, and the "war to end all wars".
The streets soon became crowded with residents, bearing
fireworks and firearms to celebrate the signing of the
Armistice. By evening, every resident, it seemed, had
jammed onto Broad Street for a peace demonstration.
1919 - Jan. 16: Eighteenth Amendment of the Constitution,
written by Sen. Morris Sheppard, is ratified. This the
Prohibition Amendment that outlawed the manufacturer,
sale or transportation of liqueur. It would be repealed
in 1933 when the 21st amendment was ratified.
* Sheppard was reared in Texarkana and at the time of
his death was the dean of the U. S. Senate. He was also an
author of the Sheppard-Towner Act, the principles of which
have been incorporated into what is now Social Security.
He is also credited with helping get Red River Army
Ammunition Plant to the area.
1919 - Jamison Sanitarium opens. It served as a hospital
for blacks until 1963 when it closed.
1919 - Texarkana tries to wrestle the county seat from
Boston and fails.
1920 - April 1: Walsh Lumpkin Drug Company founded. The
Company was the first to supply insulin to the Four States Area.
1920 - May 11: Texarkana Telephone Co. expands, changes,
its name to two states Telephone Company. In 1950, the
company is acquired by General Telephone Co. of the southwest.
1920 - A barber shop is used as the first Church of Christ
meeting place. In 1922 it moved to a hall on East Broad
Street and in 1929 it moved to a Pine Street location.
In 1968 it moved to its current location at 12th and Walnut Streets.
1921 - First radio broadcast was heard in Texarkana.
1921 - Sept. 2: Article appears in the Daily Texarkana:
C. E. De Witt, Chief Special Agent, Automobile theft
situation existed here. Mr. DeWitt stated that thee
are twice as many cars stolen each month in Texarkana,
Texas, than in any other city of its size in the state.
1922 - Bryce's Cafeteria opens downtown. After a long
and famous run, it moves toa location along Interstate
30 in the early 1990's.
1923 - October 23: Texarkana celebrates the 50th, or
Golden Anniversary. Governors from both states meet
at Third Street and State Line Avenue to shake hands
during the celebration.
1923 - Martin Patterson opens The Art Shop, a photographic
and framing business. The business is still
family owned, but has evolved into Patterson's Camera Shop,
Studio, & Imaging Center.
1924 - March 11: City breaks ground for the Hotel Grim.
Construction was complete in 1926 at a cost of $600,000.
The hotel has been vacant all of the 1990's, in spite of
continuing efforts to revive it.
1924 - Lillie Barber becomes one of the first female
sheriffs in the county when she replaces her husband,
Lish Barber, after he died in a grocery store shootout
on College Hill. Convicted of Barbers murder was a
former Texarkana, Arkansas police chief.
1924 - Nov. 10: Mass meeting held to discuss establishing
a public library.
1924 - Arkansas high beats Texas High School for the
first time in football, 3-0
1924 - Saenger - Paramount Theater is built.
1924 - City gets Spring Lake Park, which until then was
private property.
1925 - The Hotel Grim is completed. It had 188 rooms and
was elegant.
1925 - Election to move Bowie County seat back to Texarkana
fails.
1925 - Howard Carver has the first Coca - Cola Co. car in
Texarkana.
1925 - KFYA, Texarkana's first radio station, starts broadcasting.
The first words broadcast locally over radio airwaves were
accidental. While setting up the equipment, the voice of one
of the other workers was transmitted out asking other workers,
"Where the hell have you been?"
1925 - December. Texarkana's first public library opens with
1,400 books on corner of Seventh Street and State Line Avenue.
1925 - C. E. Palmer starts the Texarkana Journal to supplement
his morning newspaper, The Four States Press. He is later
bought out and his papers merged with other papers to become
the Texarkana Gazette.
1925 - William Buchanan dies. At the time of his death he
owned seven sawmills and had almost 5,000 employees.
1926 - Union Station is torn down. It will be replaced on
the same location by the building that is now standing.
1926 - Texarkana Municipal Airport opens at its current
location. It averages two private flights a week. Later,
it was named Webb Field for most of its existence, after
Howard Webb, its longtime manager. It was proceeded by
an airstrip at Spring Lake Park that was operational during
the early to mid 1920's.
1926 - Texarkana tries to wrestle the county seat from
Boston and fails.
1927 - First classes held at Texarkana College, located at
16th and Pine streets. 109 students enrolled. It was part
of the Texas side public school system until 1957. H. W.
Stilwell was both superintendent of schools and president
of the college.
1928 - Sept. 27 - Vitaphone brings the first talking movies
to Texarkana at the Saenger Theater.
1929 - Dec. 10 - Dan Blocker is born in Bowie County, son
of Shack and Mary Blocker. He weighs in at 14 pounds, the
largest baby, at that time, ever born in the county. The
would grow to be 6 feet 3 inches tall and weigh 300 pounds.
He turned down a chance to play pro football to pursue a
career in acting. He went on to star in the television
series, "Banaza", playing Hoss Cartwright. He died in 1972
of complications from gall bladder surgery. He was 43 years
old. Ratings slipped for Bananza, and the series was cancelled
in 1973.
1929 - Jamison Building is constructed on corner of Third and
Oak streets. It opened in 1930 and for many years served as
a center for black social life.
1929 - Union Station is built by four railroads at a cost of
$1 million.
1929 - Wright Patman is elected to he U. s. House of Representatives.
He would stay 47 years until his death. His influence, along
with that ofU. S. Sen. Morris Sheppard, would secure Red River
Army Depot and Lone Star Ammunition Plant to the area in 1941.
1930 - 1939
1930's - Texarkana is often called Little Chicago during this
period because crime was so prevalent and uncontrolled.
1930 - May 12: Opening of new Union Station, called one of the
first terminals in the southwest, is a gala affair.
1930 - May 12: H. Ross Perot was born, son of Gabriel Ross Perot
a Texarkana Cotton buyer. He becomes one of the richest Texans,
initially on his development and ownership of Electronic Data
Processing Systems. He becomes a political player in the 1990's,
mounting one of the most successful third party presidential
campaigns in history and establishing the Reform Party.
1930 - July 27: Oil flows from a well 13 miles east of Texarkana
in Miller County. Buyers and speculators
have been in town for a week in anticipation. Well's depth is
about 3,000 feet.
1930 - W. A. McCartney Sr. erects the modern - era McCartney Hotel
(which now stands vacant downtown). It was the first with
air-conditioning. McCartney arrived in 1874 and started a
more modest McCartney Hotel.
1930 - Boston's status as county seat becomes secure, because
Texas aw prohibits elections to move centrally located county
seats that have been established for 40 or more years. This
knocked Texarkana out of the picture for good. However, the
law did not prevent a courthouse from being built in New Boston
in 1986, after the 1891 courthouse burned down. The law allowed
for a courthouse to be re-established with-in a four mile radius.
1931 - U. S. Congress designates a Confederate burial plot at
Rondo Cemetery a national shrine. Eighty - five soldiers
camped nearby during the Civil war were lost to an outbreak
of measles. Their remains were
moved to the cemetery after the war.
1932 - June 26: Tri-motored Ford aircraft landed at Texarkana
Airport for the first air mail flight to the city.
1932 - Cowley School, the first built in north central Bowie
county, burns down in a suspicious fire. Suspect was arrested
and jailed but never brought to trial. From here on, students
are bused to New Boston.
1932 - Southwestern Electric Power Co. is providing 6,345
customers in Texarkana with 11.3 million kilowatt hours of power.
By 1972 those t5hose figures had grown to 24,000 customers and
429 million kilowatt hours. In 1998 there were 1.3 billion-kilowatt
hours and 33,846 customers in Texarkana proper,
Nash, and Wake Village.
1933 - C. E. Palmer and several associates buy the Texarkana
Gazette and Texarkana Daily News. He continues as publisher
until his death in July 1957.
1933 - Sept. 30: Federal building that now straddles State Line
Avenue in downtown Texarkana is first occupied.
1933 - Dec. 5: The 18th Amendment written by Sen. Morris Sheppard
who was reared and maintained a home in Texarkana, is repealed.
Even in defeat, Sheppard continued to defend the amendment,
remaining true to his convictions.
1934 - Cities decide to ditch joint fire chief. Each city
would now have their own.
1934 - March 24: Texas side passes a law making "walkashows,
walkathons, marathon dances, long distance dances" unlawful
whether an admission price is charged or not.
1934 - East Texas Motor Freight begins operations with pickup
trucks. Interstate operations began the following year and
by 1939, they were transporting goods to five states.
1934 - Electric street cars see their last days.
1934 - KCMC radio is established in studio inside the Hotel Grim.
1935 - Joe Eldridge and C. E. Mitchell secured a franchise to
run buses I the city, serving all routes formerly served by
electric street cars. They started Texarkana Bus Co. with seven
buses.
1936 - Texarkana Jaycees charter with 21 members.
1936 - The summer streetcar to Spring Lake Park and the popular
Spring Lake Park Theater cease operation.
1937 - A group of women led by Geneva M. Russell from a Civic
Art and Social Club with the goal of building a public library
for Negroes in Texarkana. As more money was raised, a Public
Library for Negroes in Texarkana was established at 317 Oak St.
and was later accepted as a Community Chest agency. This
library was later merged with the Public Library on State Line Avenue.
1937 - Texarkana dedicates World War 1 memorial at Morris
Sheppard Park, adjacent to the federal building downtown.
On April 14, a time capsule was buried at the site to be
opened in 50 years.
1938 - Bowie County Courthouse is renovated. It would be
destroyed by fire in the 1980's.
1939 - The Noon Optimist Club was founded in Texarkana.
1939 - Jan. 1: Fifteen buses are now operating in the city,
covering 29 miles of routes. In 1938 the fare was a nickel.
1940 - 1949
1940 - Popluation of Texarkana was at 29,000, but it would
soon increase dramatically. By the middle of World War II,
only a few years later, it was estimated as high as 55,000.
1940 - June: Texarkana Stockyards, which opened earlier in
the year, is sold to the Jarboe family.
1940 - First Baptist Church is demolished at Fourth and Pine
Streets. The new building is finished two years later. The
church moved to Moores Lane in the 1980's. Downtown First Baptist
Church now worships at the Pine Street address.
1941 - July 30: Work order issued for the creation of red River
Ordnance Depot, 18 miles west of Texarkana. It was activated
Nov. 19 of the same year. Ammunition arrived exactly one week
later. On aril 17, 1942, the last of 702 ammunition Igloos was
completed. It grew into the nations largest ordnance establishment,
with more than 6,200 personnel during World War II. During the
Korean War, more than 11,573 civilians were employed there.
1941 - August: Lone Star Army Plant, adjacent to Red River
Ordnance Depot, was established. Before the conclusion of
World War II as many as 10,430 people were employed there.
Initial cost of construction and equipment in $33.3 million.
The first line went into operation May 26, 1942.
1943 - Jehovah's Witnesses move to their first Kingdom Hall.
The congregation was first organized in the 1930's.
1944 - June 12: Texarkana hosts the national opening of the
Fifth War Loan drive for financing World War II. KCMC Radio
broadcast two programs that carried over half of the United
States. Hollywood producer Orsen Welles wrote and directed
a radio program broadcast from the Paramount Theater.
Dignitaries from both states and the nation were on hand,
along with a bevy of Hollywood stars and U, S, Secretary
of the Treasury Henry Morganthau Jr. The event was also
dubbed "Civilian D-Day".
1945 - Retail sales in the city hit $28.5 million. Sales dropped
to $6 million by the end of the Korean War.
1945 - Aug. 15 - The day after President Harry Truman announces
the surrender of Japan, merrymakers throng the downtown area from
6 p.m. well into the night. Businesses were closed the next day
in celebration.
1945 - Four States Fair was held next to Spring Lake Park.
1945 - Nov. 5: Lone Star Army Plant and red River Ordnance Depot
consolidate into Red River Arsenal: However, Lone Star keeps its
separate identity.
1946 - Phantom Killer lays siege on Texarkana, and during a six
week spree he shoots six people, five to death, and batters two
others, turning the community into "The Town That Dreaded Sundown",
and drawing national attention. He was never captured.
1946 - Feb, 22 - 23: Jimmy Hollis, 24and Mary Jean Larey,. 19,
are parked on a dirt road off Richmond Road, (then a county road),
about 1.5 miles northwest of the Beverly neighborhood. An
unidentified man with a pistol walks up and orders the couple
out of the car. He beats and robs Hollis and attempts to rape
the woman, using the firearm to sexually assault her. Miss Larey
escapes. Hollis is left unconscious but later recovers.
1946 - March 24: Richard Griffin, 29, and Polly Ann Moore, 17,
are found shot to death with a .32 Caliber Colt pistol in their
1941 Oldsmobile sedan parked on a dirt road off South Robinson
Road, near where it intersects with U. S. Highway 67. Official
reports would later say Miss Moores was raped.
1946 - April 14: Paul Martin, 16, and Betty Jo Booker, 15, are
found shot to death, about a mile and a half apart, in a wooded
area north of Spring Lake Park. Both were shot with a .32 caliber
Colt pistol. The victims car was found about 400 yards north of
the main park entrance, and about 1.5 miles from Martin's body.
Official reports would later say Miss Booker was raped. Texas
ranger "Lone Wolf" Gonzaulles is dispatched to town to head up
the "Phantom Killer" investigation, one of the most notorious
unsolved crimes of all times. He arrested 400 people while in
town, but the Phantom Killer was never brought to justice.
Gonzaullas had a reputation as a maverick lawman. Five more
Rangers are sent here. One is already on the scene.
1946 - April 16: For the first time, The Texarkana daily News
uses phrase "Phantom Killer" to label the at-large and unidentified
man the town linked tot he four murders.
1946 - May 4: Virgil Starks, 36, a Miller County farmer living
near the Homan community about 10 miles northeast of Texarkana
on U. S. Highway 67, is sitting in his living room reading a
newspaper near the window when he is shot through the back of
the head with a .22 caliber pistol. His wife, Kate Starks,
attempts to call police but is shot twice in the face. When the
gunman attempts to enter her home, she manages to flee across the
highway to a neighbors house. Her husband dies. She survives
but cannot identify the gunman.
1946 - June 10: Life magazine published a two-page photo spread
titled: "Texarkana Terror", illustrating how the town was tight
in the grip of mass terror. The cause was "a Phantom murderer"
who killed men and women in pairs at three-week intervals.
Article said wives refused to go out after dark and "the movie
house, featuring " Mid-night Manhunt, The Haunted Mine, and
The Phantom Speaks" were largely empty.
1946 - June 28: police arrest a 21 year old woman who they
believe was the companion of the prime suspect, after linking
her to a car stolen the night of the Griffin-Moore murders,
which they recovered on this date. She would later marry the
suspect and could not be compelled to testily against him.
1946 - October: Betty Joe Booker's saxophone is found by two
men repairing a fence on Morris Lane, about 140 yards from
where her body was found, thus ending months of searching
for the missing instrument, once thought to have been removed
by the murderer.
1946 - Following war's end, Red River Ordnance Depot stores
more than 58,000 military vehicles, possibly the largest number
ever assembled at one installation.
1946 - Texarkana Bears formed and play the following year in
the Big States (baseball) League. Texarkana's last professional
sports team folds in 1949.
1947 - Dr. George W. Thompson begins practicing medicine
here this year. He was the only black physician in practice
at the time of his death in 1982. He was also the first black
to serve on the Texas-side city council.
1948 - KCMC Radio constructs one of the tallest transmission
towers in the nation.
1948 - A bond issue is approved by Texas-side voters authorizing
the purchase of land for a new campus for Texarkana College and
the construction of new buildings. The college moved from 16th
and Pine Streets to its current location on Robinson Road three
years later.
1949 - First Pentecostal Church moves from a tent ministry to
a building on Lumpkin Street. In 1960, land was purchased for
a church at 812 W. 29th St.
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