Study of Exposure to Chemicals in Consumer Products

Summary

Background:

- In a lifetime, a person may encounter tens of thousands of chemicals used as ingredients
in the products they buy. It s not easy to measure them because the companies that sell
the products don t have to tell the exact chemical ingredients. Researchers want to
compare how existing methods (e.g., surveys and models) measure exposure to chemicals in
personal care and household products.

Objective:

- To test and improve the ways that studies gather data about contact with chemicals found
in consumer products.

Description

Research to advance the characterization of environmental and chemical exposures through
improved exposure assessments, at both the individual and population levels, is a research
priority identified in the Strategic Research Action Plan for the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) s Chemical Safety for Sustainability (CSS) program (EPA 2012) and
the National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Strategic Plan for
2012-2017 (NIEHS 2012). Leading up to the Strategic Plan, specific research priorities
related to exposure assessment were identified in the 2011 NIEHS workshop Advancing
Research on Mixtures: New Perspectives and Approaches for Predicting Adverse Human Health
Effects",

including the need to evaluate the utility of existing instruments that classify or quantify
exposures, develop better tools to improve exposure assessment, and to better understand the
nature of combined exposures (e.g., mixtures). This project will inform research priorities
identified in the NIEHS strategic plan and several specific research needs discussed during
the 2011 NIEHS workshop on mixtures, with a focus on assessing exposures from personal care
and household products:

Personal care products (PCPs) and other household/consumer products are of particular
interest because of the efficiency of their delivery and widespread use. Exposure to
chemicals in PCPs can result through either direct or indirect routes of contact depending
on the use of the product (Dodson 2012; Koniecki et al. 2011; Rudel et al. 2003; Schettler
2006; Weschler and Nazaroff 2014). Health concerns exist about some chemicals found in PCPs
and household setting. Over the course of a lifetime, the average consumer may encounter
tens of thousands of chemicals used as ingredients in consumer products, many of which are
proprietary; thus, getting a complete picture of the human exposome is challenging. Given
the large number of co-occurring chemicals in these products, new strategies, tools, and

techniques need to be developed and evaluated for their utility in assessing exposure to the
multitude (tens of thousands) of chemicals representing the reality of exposure. Innovative
tools need to be evaluated for their potential contributions to exposure assessment through
rapid, cost-efficient methods which allow the simultaneous measurement of multiple chemical
agents and gathering of contextual information to inform exposure reduction. These
integrated tools and techniques can then be used to refine measurement and predictive
modeling methods that support high throughput chemical analysis and exposure assessment.

The proposed research concept represents collaboration between NIEHS (Division of the
National Toxicology Program, Division of Intramural Research, and the Clinical Research
Unit) and the EPA Office ofResearch and Development (ORD). The partnership includes co-
funding with EPA, the sharing of equipment and expertise, and the use of EPA field teams for
extensive collection of exposure information.

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Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions

Product Packaging

Form in which product is processed or wrapped and labeled. PRODUCT LABELING is also available.

Product Recalls And Withdrawals

The removal of a consumer product from the market place. The reason for the removal can be due a variety of causes, including the discovery of a manufacturing defect, a safety issue with the product's use, or marketing decisions.

Hypoxanthines

Purine bases related to hypoxanthine, an intermediate product of uric acid synthesis and a breakdown product of adenine catabolism.

Product Labeling

Use of written, printed, or graphic materials upon or accompanying a product or its container or wrapper. It includes purpose, effect, description, directions, hazards, warnings, and other relevant information.

Isomerases

A class of enzymes that catalyze geometric or structural changes within a molecule to form a single product. The reactions do not involve a net change in the concentrations of compounds other than the substrate and the product.(from Dorland, 28th ed) EC 5.

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