This RCT examines the impact of two policing innovations in Pakistan: citizen-centric problem-oriented policing (CPOP) and gender inclusive citizen-centric problem-oriented policing (CPOP-G). The CPOP arm incorporates community engagement and problem-oriented
policing. The CPOP-G arm engages women in addition to men. Because local social norms prevent mixed-gender meetings, and because women may not be willing to discuss family and gender-related issues in mixed company, female constables in the CPOP-G arm will
conduct woman-only forums.

The study site is the Sheikhupura Range. Both arms will be piloted in Kasur district and the actual experiment run in Sheikhupura and Nakana districts. Key outcomes are: citizen perceptions of crime and safety; police perceptions of citizens; police activity as measured through surveys and administrative data; and crime levels measured through administrative data. We will use a wide range of administrative data as well as surveys of citizens and police to measure changes in policing practices.

This RCT examines the impact of two policing innovations in Pakistan: citizen-centric problem-oriented policing (CPOP) and gender inclusive citizen-centric problem-oriented policing (CPOP-G). The CPOP arm incorporates community engagement and problem-oriented
policing. The CPOP-G arm engages women in addition to men. Because local social norms prevent mixed-gender meetings, and because women may not be willing to discuss family and gender-related issues in mixed company, female constables in the CPOP-G arm will conduct woman-only forums.

Intervention Start Date

2019-02-18

Intervention End Date

2020-08-31

Primary Outcomes

Primary Outcomes (end points)

We have two main family of outcomes:
1. Individual Level Outcomes
2. Administrative Level Outcomes

We choose beat because "beat" is the smallest administrative unit of police. Beats are assigned to Assistant Sub-Inspectors or Sub-Inspectors for patrolling, surveillance and collection of intelligence.

Was the treatment clustered?

Yes

Experiment Characteristics

Sample size: planned number of clusters

Our sample has 108 beats (cluster)

Sample size: planned number of observations

Each beat has 32 individuals making a total sample of 3456 individuals

Sample size (or number of clusters) by treatment arms

Our sample has 108 beats i.e. 36 CPOP 36 CPOP-G and 36 Control beats

Minimum detectable effect size for main outcomes (accounting for sample design and clustering)

For outcome measured with administrative crime data we are well powered to detect treatment effects of .25 SD and up.
For outcomes measured with surveys we are well powered to detect treatment effects of .15 SD and up for a dif-in-dif with one post-treatment round and .1 SD with two post-treatment rounds.
For spillovers measured with police surveys we are well powered to detect spillovers of 50 percent of the treatment size and up.
For spillovers measured with GPS logs we are highly powered to detect variation at the vehicle/day level.