@djordje thanks - it’s great to see a different approach! However, it is not yet quite what I’m looking for.

What I tried in the meantime: Applying Facet Dome on a set of points on the surface. This looks like a 2D Voronoi mapped to the surface. I then played with Extrude Point, but got no good result.

Update: I tried the Voronoi³ approach again. Now, I have the individual cells scaled around their center, then subtracted from the sphere, also scaled down slightly. This does the trick: see attachments

Yes, these kinds of operations can get heavy Felix. Although you would be working with meshes using these tools, and meshes are lighter to work with than polysurfaces. There are things you can do to keep the number of mesh faces and sub-divisions manageable.

Your booleaned polysurface looks good so far, but I think you will find it difficult/impossible to fillet all of those edges if your aim is an ‘organic’ finish.