Some essentials about the UNIX operating system and your
account on hardin:

Just as with any computer system, you will quickly
generate multiple files stored on your hardin account.

File names on UNIX are sensitive to upper and lower
case, e.g, Myfile and myfile are
different.

Unlike DOS and even Macintosh, UNIX file names can be
up to 255 characters long.

File names can have any character except a
slash,/.

Some file types are recognized by their extensions,
e.g., SPSS "system" files are tagged with a .sav
extension--i.e., states.sav.

Under UNIX, similar to DOS, files can be organized in a
hierarchical fashion under directories, which are separated
by slashes.

Each of you have a "home directory," which is your
working directory when you log in.

Any time at the UNIX prompt, you can determine what
directory you are in by typing pwd for print
working directory.

Because directories can be confusing under UNIX, I
will suggest that you not try to create different
directories but that you store all your files in your
default working directory.

There are different ways to list the files stored in
your working directory, according to these commands:

ls lists the contents of your working
directory in ascending order, organized into vertical
columns to fill the width of the screen.

ls -l lists its contents with additional
information: showing the file mode, number of links,
owner, size in bytes, and time of modification--more
knowledge than you probably want.

Changing the name and copying files:

UNIX has no "rename" command but mv (move)
will rename a file: mv [oldname]
[newname]

Files can be copied as follows: cp
[filename1] [filename2]

Files can be removed as follows: rm
[filename]

The main way to view text files at a UNIX prompt is with
a program called "more":

type more [filename] to display the
file

Some major commands you will need:

pressing the space bar moves the screen
forward

type b to page backward

G goes to the end of a file

g goes to the beginning

h displays a brief help display and command
summary

typing q terminates the listing

How to log out of UNIX:

use logout or exit

Other suspects--log, logoff, quit--will not
work.

Concerning printing SPSS output:

The doit print option (4) prints nicely
formatted SPSS output on a laser printer in Room 115 of
the Cresap Laboratory. The output will be labeled with
your netid, but you'll have to sort through other output
to find it. This location may be convenient for some
students, but not for others.

Perhaps the better procedure for most of you is simply
to select and copy the SPSS output from your computer
screen and dump it into a word processor. BUT NOTE:
If you copy SPSS output for entry into a word
processor be sure to change the font to a mono-spaced
font, such as Courier, to preserve the spacing in the
tables. If you view the output in a proportionally spaced
font, such as Times, the tables will almost be
unreadable.