MetOp-B module passes crucial vacuum test

3 August 2010

The Payload Module of ESA’s latest meteorological satellite, MetOp-B, has been hauled out of the largest vacuum chamber in Europe: its ability to operate in the harsh conditions of space has been proved.

After more than a month of testing in ESA’s Large Space Simulator (LSS) at ESTEC in the Netherlands, MetOp-B’s Payload Module was lifted out of the vacuum chamber on 28 July.

Lifted out of LSS

The module hosts all of the sensitive meteorological instruments. It had been placed within the LSS to recreate space conditions down here on Earth. The largest simulator of its kind in Europe - big enough to accommodate a double-decker bus standing upright - the LSS subjected the module to space-quality vacuum and temperatures ranging from upwards of 100 degrees C down to 120 degrees below zero.

“Some of MetOp-B’s sensors work under much colder conditions still, because they are actively cooled for optimal performance verification,” said MetOp programme manager Luciano Di Napoli.

Heavy lifting

Payload Module moved

“But those tests had already been done. In these past weeks it was about the Payload Module as a whole and it has proven to be space-proof. As a team, we are very proud about the results obtained.”

The MetOp-B team worked with ESTEC Test Centre personnel to prepare for the Payload Module’s ‘liberation’. The multi-layer insulation-covered module was lifted up out of the LSS slowly and with maximum precision.

The mission team monitored every millimetre-scale movement until the satellite was safely on its stand in the adjoining clean room. The entire process took three hours to complete.

MetOp-B team

After final checks at the ESTEC Test Centre, the module will be transported at the start of August to payload module contractor EADS Astrium, in Friedrichshafen, Germany, where it will be temporarily stored, waiting for the final precise calibration of some European and American instruments.

Next year, it will journey to Toulouse, where EADS Astrium prime contractor will attach it to the Service Module and the solar panels. Finally, MetOp B will be transported to Baikonur in Kazakhstan for launch on a Soyuz rocket in the spring of 2012.

Ensuring continuous data

MetOp-B is the second in a series of three European meteorological operational satellites procured by ESA to serve as the space segment of the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites' EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS). The first in the series, MetOp-A, was launched into polar orbit in 2006. MetOp-C is scheduled for launch in 2016.

MetOp-A already in orbit

“By launching a new satellite every five to six years, the MetOp system can provide continuous data for temperature, humidity, cloud cover and gases in the atmosphere, among other things,” says Rob Oremus, project controller for MetOp. “These data are essential for operational meteorology and climate research.”

Mr Oremus was pleased with the results of the tests performed in the LSS: “The Payload Module is the most critical part of the MetOp-B satellite. It contains the instruments that will be collecting the data.

“Now that the module has overcome the vacuum test, the path is clear for the run-up to the launch.”