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F1 History

F1 is the abbreviation of the Formula 1 Grand Prix, the competition, the official full name of the FIA Formula 1 World Championship Formula One World Championship. Its Formula is translated into equations, in fact, the true meaning of "rule", that is, the provisions of the basic concepts of the racing rules of the game, according to the rules of the game to create a simple race car ... The basic concept of "sports car" race car in the world, the basic concept of Formula One racing with them. In short, is the tire exposed (the openwheel) single agent (monopost,) race car. Family of Formula One racing, Formula One racing is the highest peak of the type of game.

F1 Definition

In addition to Formula One, two, three equations. For example: F3 (Formula) - Frankie once involved.

F2 (Formula 2) in the past, but due to poor management of F3000 (exhaust emissions are 3000CC Formula One racing) replaced. But F3000 marketing is not conducive to the original car costs more competitive GP2 series to replace - Huokenboge, the 2009 GP2 championship.

Formula One racing by the low level to high-level arrangement can be classified as: go-kart; Formula Campus Renault, Formula Ford and Formula BMW, FC2000; the F3; GP2 is; the F1.

Want to become a F1 driver, generally go through tempering in F3 and GP2. A lot of good riders directly from F3 to enter the F1. What is more, directly from Renault, Formula BMW into F1 Finnish driver Kimi Raikkonen (Kimi Raikkonen) is a genius.

Outside in addition to F1, there are different levels of Formula One race like the F3, F3000, Formula Ford, Formula Renault and so on, they all belong to Formula One racing, a, but the respective specifications, and F1 is the FIA ​​the development of local programs the highest level of racing specification, so a named.

F1 organizers is the abbreviation of the International Automobile Association is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, FIA (French: Federation internationale de l'Automobile), is chaired by Mr. Jean - Todt Jean Todt. The FOM is responsible for the FIA and Bernie Ecclestone - Ecclestone Bernie Ecclestone, the F1 management company owned by the closely related (FOM: Formula One Management), headquartered in London, England, is the commercial and advertising of F1 in the world game station business.

Formula One World Championship was first held in 1950 by the International Automobile Federation, held once a year. British Bernie Ecclestone is the "head". Players according to how many points to decide the winner of the F1 drivers 'championship, the drivers the highest total score team the year the constructors' championship. Bernie Ecclestone, Formula One racing is derived by the venue for racing in the beginning of this century. Formula One racing is divided into three levels: three equations, three-liter Formula One and Formula One. Formula One is the highest state of Formula One racing. A Formula One racing driver requirements are very strict, and must obtain three equations and three liters of Formula One driver's license, and physical fitness is a very good professional athletes in order to become a Formula One racing driver. Formula One FIA awarded each year "super driver's license and no more than 100.

A Formula One car's speed up to 416 km / h (test limit, created in the United States by Honda), 370 km / h Ferrari the F2008 (2008) (2004 years), the average speed is 150-250 km / h. Have to create a speed of 500-1000 km racing history, however, such a high speed can only be in an instant, and this car can not mass production can not be perennial, no true sense of the car . Therefore, the only Formula One racing is the real speed.

At present, known as the "four team" F1 team Ferrari (Italy), Mercedes-AMG (Germany) Red Bull (Austria), McLaren (UK). (2008) a car manufacturing costs in more than 0.6 million dollars.

Starting Point

In fact, before World War II, Europe has a very famous race track, but when the tournament because of the few participating vehicles, therefore the contestants strictly limited. 50 years, a Formula One racing engine specification, there have been substantial changes, naturally aspirated engine is 1986, a Formula One motor racing full development of the turbocharged engine. For turbocharged horsepower too much, by the FIA ​​in 1989 to disable the F1 3.5-liter naturally aspirated engine to replace the first official event in 1950, Silverstone, UK, when the British royal family person to watch, the Italian car the way Farina (Giuseppe Farina) to win the first F1 Grand Prix champion, he is also a year's drivers' championship, Formula one history, a driver champion. F11951 years of the 1950s, F1 a real car, Wang Juan Manuel Fangio (Juan Manuel Fangio), Argentine driver, five-times drivers' champion (1951,54-57). Incredible is that he is 38 years old to participate in a Formula One race!

July 4, 1954, Juan Manuel Fangio driving the W196 racing to get the champion of the French Grand Prix Ferrari F2001 (2001), for the first time to win the F1 championship for Mercedes - Mercedes-Benz.

In 1958, Cooper-Climax racing first used the design of the rear engine is a technological revolution in F1 history.

Schumacher Fangio after the 1958 event, showing the situation of several British driver pack competition, the end of the year the top four are all British drivers, including Mike Hawthorn, Stirling Moss. In addition, F1 started to set up the "Year in the constructors' championship also in 1958.

In short, whether the road is how rough the 1950s F1 no longer belongs to the early motor racing, the use of the F1A specially formulated rules of the game - "The Formula", the F1 began the great strides forward.

Game Changer

First look at the technical side, just two years, the rear engine of each team widely used. At this time, the Cooper team's rear engine technology has been very mature, 1959,60 two years of the drivers 'championship and the constructors' championship. Also worth mentioning is that throughout the 1960s, in addition to the era of Ferrari's two drivers' championship, almost a British team and British driver, fleet, including BRM, Lotus, Brabham, Repco, drivers, including Clark, Graham Hill, Jachie Stewart, , John Surtees. John Surtees is a won the F1 world champion, won the motorcycle world champion.

Design talent of Colin Chapman's Lotus team is becoming a dream team Lotus team in 1967 first used the two-seater four-valve engine (DFV engine) this engine was later ruled throughout the 1970s. In addition, the leading position in the 1960s, Lotus team in aerodynamics is now under pressure theory is then on to establish. F160 years of the 1960s, the competition of the accident began to increase. On this point, we look at the two-time world champion Jim Clark in the 1960s. In 1960, he drove a splash in the British driver died on the spot blood racing crossed the Spa the end. He collided with Trips (German, Ferrari) on the 1961 Italian Grand Prix, the Ferrari car crashed into the crowd, Trips and 14 spectators were killed. In 1968, the undisputed world champion, died in a practice session in Hockenheim. All this so that people from the foundation began to question F1 the sport, led to a lot of thought. Similarly in 1968, the Lotus racing printed on the Gold Leaf cigarette advertisements (Gold Leaf cigarettes), which is F1 the first time the introduction of commercial sponsorship.

Maturity

First of all, the 1970s, a series of track accident safety issues to get unusual attention.

Jochen Rindt, the 1970 drivers' championship is the only posthumous world champion in F1 history.

In addition, in 1973, could not bear to see and then track tragedy, Jackie Stewart decided that his 100th Grand Prix, Watkins Glen Grand Prix as his testimonial. But it seems not allegorical, Francois Cevert died in this Grand Prix practice sessions. A result, Stewart led off the F1 first time in history "safety revolution. Jackie Stewart, the safety revolution in F1 racing track and the drivers and equipment, etc., were reviewed from a security perspective, argues that improvement.

In people's eyes, Jackie Stewart not only won three drivers' championship, it seems more important is that he gave F1 safety awareness.

Speaking of the 1970s, another major event from the 1976's world champion James Hunt (James Hunt). James with his Playboy style, began to attract the world's attention. F1 by the world media attention, Since then, F1, well-known riders, but also became the star figure in the spotlight.

Have to mention the F1 supremo Bernie Ecclestone, because it was his to power 70 years of F1 as the media talks of F1 competition broadcast and personally implement the details, which to screen the F1 race live into millions of households. Bernie will be televised to the introduction of F1, undoubtedly injected new vitality into the development of the F1, F1 commercial operations gradually matured.

From a technical point of view, the 1977 F1 again technological innovation. Renault introduces a turbocharged engine. F1 has since appeared in turbocharged and naturally aspirated engine coexistence of rivalry, until 1988, the turbocharged engine is prohibited.

Competition

The F1, 80 years is an unprecedented great riders gathered in the era, including the Brazilian Nelson Piquet (Nelson Pequet), Ayrton Senna (Ayrton Senna), Frenchman Alain Prost (Alain Prost) and NevisDoug Mansell (Briton Nigel Mansell). Launched a fierce competition between them. The game is exciting and constantly.

Fleet by Prost and Ayrton Senna driving the McLaren won five drivers 'championships and four constructors' championship in the 1980s. In 1988 Senna's first drivers' championship years, Marlboro - McLaren - Honda surprised to win 16 races in 15 championship! Ferrari won the 1988 Monza Grand Prix victory. The team founder Enzo Ferrari died in just a few weeks McLaren MP4-4 (1988).

Modern F1

1990s F1 is a period of rapid development of technology. Prost driver championship in 1993, he was driving the car is the most advanced F1 Ayrton Senna racing. The car is equipped with anti-lock braking system (ABS), traction control, electronically controlled suspension system.

But the death of Ayrton Senna in 1994 led to the F1 safety revolution, The FIA ​​disabled above to increase the speed of the driver assistance systems, F1 racing back to the basic structure.

Senna's death, the FIA ​​year safety assessment of project start. After the FIA ​​rules attached great importance to security issues, many rules are designed to reduce the speed. In the dry tires such as the 1998 regulations an additional four grooves, thus reducing the tire grip. In addition, to enhance safety technology research FW18 (1996) Fat achievements. Driver Head and Neck protection system (HANS) is an example, has been used in the 2003 season by the driver, the team's praise, and in fact played a large role.

Michael Schumacher, Ayrton Senna left the German driver Michael Schumacher (Michael Schumacher) is becoming F1's new car king. He won the first world champion in F1 in the fourth year (1994). 95 years to successfully defend the Benetton team. In 1996, he transferred to the state is not a good Ferrari, and finally in 2000 the Ferrari world champion won the first time in 21 years, the red chariot once again began a legendary record. Schumacher, seven times world champion, the number of wins to 91 times more than the previous record of all drivers.

Throughout the 50 F1 through the coming year, the wisdom, courage, calm and stick to, challenge, passion, dreams, success, failure intertwined which. Joy on the track, disappointment, competition, investment in attracting people's eyes. F1 charming and dangerous is it the eternal contradiction ...

Speaking of F1 people would think of Michael Schumacher, Ayrton Senna, Alain Prost and other Schumacher.

Mercedes-Benz retired seven time world champion in 2006, after a lapse of four years later, in the invitation of Mercedes - Benz, Schumacher bid for county commissioner, decided to return to F1, help new students of the battle arena. In 2010, Schumacher was the total score of 72 points ranked ninth in the Drivers' standings ranked fourth in the annual integral to help Mercedes-Benz, which is the history of the newly formed team in the first F1 season. one of the best results.

Physics

Aerodynamics: aerodynamics, study objects at the same gas, the force characteristics in the case of relative motion, the gas flow pattern and the accompanying physical and chemical change. According to the relative motion speed level can be roughly divided into low-speed aerodynamics and high-speed aerodynamics. F1 racing belongs to the former, the research topics under the pressure of the air resistance and turbulence.

Aerodynamic drag: air resistance is to hinder the power of objects by relative motion in the same gas, which is determined by the shape of the object, the two commonly used measure of the drag coefficient and the cross-sectional area.

Blistering: tire delamination, refers specifically to the tires due to the overheating cause the rubber off from the carcass on. Used in high temperature soft tires, or tire pressure is set too high or car set-up errors are likely to lead to this phenomenon.

Centrifugal force: centrifugal force, also known as G-Force, used to describe the acceleration of gravity. When the car in the corners, drivers and cars will have to withstand the centrifugal force, In addition, the car starting and braking when under similar force.

Down force: under pressure, the force of pressure in the F1 car on the road. The area of ​​low pressure, manufactured by the body at the bottom of the front and rear wings to get, has to ensure the car enough grip. Especially in low-speed corners, to get a higher cornering speeds. In general, the car should be on the high-speed track tune low pressure, low-speed multi-curved track is just the opposite.

Grip Force: grip, the grip used to describe the car to the degree of adhesion to the ground, and a cornering speeds. High grip means that the high cornering speeds, the main factors affecting the grip aerodynamic downforce created by the body and tires. Lack of grip, the body will be sliding or spinning.

Slipstream: wake, the F1 car in the road when the car rear area of ​​low pressure, into the wake region is conducive to improve the car's road speed, the F1 drivers often use this principle to overtake.

Understeering: understeer is to the rider when cornering, the car turned the steering angle of the angle is less than the drivers expect racing performance front point bending outside, the driver through the corners, you must increase the steering angle.

Graining: tire particles, due to excessive use of tires in the form of a rubber bubble showing corrosion signal is the so-called graining. The tire grip will drop after the granulation.

Oversteering: oversteer, the car oversteer, the rear thrown outside to bend, racing out of control dangerous. Through the corners, the driver must reduce the steering angle. When extreme oversteer, even anti to hit the steering wheel.

F1 Car Composition

Chassis: Chassis, located in the bottom of the vehicle is a major component of the F1 car, the main component is the monocoque. All other parts are connected with high strength, lightweight monocoque. F1 chassis made from carbon fiber and polyethylene composites.

McLaren (12)

Cylinder: cylinder, the engine component of burning the place of power. The fuel gas mixture in the cylinder combustion push the piston in the cylinder, reciprocating motion.

Diffuser: The diffuser in the rear bottom of the air flow export is an important component of the aerodynamics of F1 racing. Manufacturing area of ​​low pressure in the underbody downforce is the main source of racing in the upper and lower pressure in the high speed corners.

ECU: electronic control unit abbreviation, the control unit for all electronic control and recording of an F1 car, to be installed in the black box of the car.

Engine: Engine, F1 is currently using the 2.4-liter naturally aspirated V8 engine, the weight of not less than 95 kg. (2014 to switch to the 1.6-liter turbo supercharged the V6.)

Front wing: the front wing, front body parts to produce under pressure, so is an important component of F1 aerodynamics. In each race, the team will be based on different requirements of the specific circuit under pressure, the details of the front wing to improve. In addition, the drivers in the process of car set-up on the front wing adjustment, the main contents of the adjustment is to change the angle of the attached wing.

Fuel: fuel, F1 cars to use super unleaded petrol, its composition must conform to the rules of the FIA, must meet strict EU emission standards. In order to ensure the legitimacy of the team fuel, FIA will carry out random checks in each race. Before the season, the manufacturer must provide samples to the FIA, to serve as a model for the record.

Gear box: gearbox. Transmission to a certain speed or deceleration than the transmission of power, the the F1 prohibit the use of automatic continuous transmission, and must be forced with a reverse gear. The F1 gearbox's gear number seven files.

Head and Neck Support (HANS): Head and Neck protection system, introduced in 2003 for head and neck to provide additional protection to the driver. Head and Neck protection system following the driver's spine to prevent back strain, can also prevent the rejection before the driver's head hit the steering wheel.

Tyres: tires, F1 by Pirelli tires, in accordance with the provisions of the technical rules, the front tire width over 355 mm rear tire can not be more than 380 mm, the edge of the tire diameter of not greater than 330 mm, use slick tires in the dry. In order to improve the performance of the tire, the manufacturer provide a specific formula for almost every race tires, tire hardness is mainly determined by the track and racing characteristics.

Slicks: slick tires, this is one kind of tread grooves of the tire, renounce the use of FIA in 1997 and 2009, re-enable. As the the slicks ground area, so the grip is very strong, very high racing speed in the corners.

Intermediate: intermediate tires, tires and rain tires between the tire is located in dry, intermediate tires than dry tires have more groove than the rain tires have a larger area with the ground. It is used when the track is wet or drizzle.

Wet-weather tyres: rain tires, racing tires used in the rain, with high drainage performance, to prevent the film formed on the wheel and the ground to ensure that the tires stick to the ground.

Nose: car nose, also known as the "nose". The first half of the F1 car for safety requirements must be met in the front and side crash tests. The nose cone also has to protect the monocoque in the crash.

On-board camera: car camera, mini TV camera in the car body, it can be installed in the car gas tank, mirrors and front and rear wings, in practice, qualifying and the race to provide real-time dynamic picture.

Petrol: fuel, only the super unleaded petrol can be used in F1, although it is in an ordinary gas station for 98 unleaded gasoline is largely the same, but the F1 fuel additives in order to ensure faster and better combustion. In addition, it is lighter than the ordinary commercial gasoline. Every team allows free choice of the fuel supplier to the FIA ​​before the start of the season, he must submit a fuel sample for testing.

Rear light: the tail lights, safety equipment used to reduce rear-end dangerous. When racing use rain tires, tail lights must be continuously lit. Tail lights, 30 light-emitting diodes, the size shall not be less than 6x6 cm, require the installation of a position in the reference plane 35 cm above the bottom away from the bus.

Rear wing: tail, also called the swept wing to create downforce for the rear axle, rear wing settings must be adapted to the track, the steeper the wing, the greater the downforce. Tail set and the surface of the angle can be further improved, this improvement is part of the racing set.

Racing Organization

Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile: FIA (French word), abbreviated as FIA, headquartered in Paris, France. The FIA is mainly responsible for the development of the F1 technical regulations and sporting regulations. FIA was founded in 1904, the current chairman is Jean Todt Jean Todt, from France.

Formula 1 Commission: F1 Commission, F1 Committee by representatives from various teams, race organizers, the engine manufacturers, sponsors, round of Taiwanese businessmen, and the FIA​​. F1 Commission's task is to decide whether to modify the rules, the proposed changes is the FIA Technical Committee.

Formula One Administration (FOA): F1 management company is an organization responsible for the management of F1 Economic Affairs (advertising rights, bonuses and marketing, etc.). The FOA active duty of the leaders of the Ecclestone - Ecclestone Bernie Ecclestone, from the United Kingdom. FOA development from FOCA, FOCA is a 1971 establishment of the Manufacturers Alliance. Concorde Agreement: the Concorde Agreement, the agreement detailed description of the rights and obligations of the team and the FIA​​.

Grand prix: (plural Grands Prix), the French word, referred to as "GP", meaning "Grand Prix". Chinese Grand Prix Chinese Grand Prix. In addition, the "GP" and "Caravan" means, in general as some of the team name suffix, such as the Mercedes team is the Mercedes GP ".

Free practice: free practice session, held in the Grand Prix test, a total of three times. The team's practice results will be the official record, but no effect on the starting position and results of the competition. Team field tuning of the car to take advantage of this opportunity, and select the correct tire, and unlimited free practice laps.

Jump start: false start, also known as sneaking, refers to the drivers of the car began to move in all signal lights extinguished before. This behavior is found by sensors buried in the line of departure. In general, the false start will be punished through the maintenance area.

Penalties: penalties, penalties for the implementation of the drivers of illegal F1 rules from warnings to a lifetime ban. Other penalties include fines, suspension of a game or two, and deducted points. If the drivers in qualifying violation of the sport, or in violation of technical rules, the event that the Commissioner may cancel all his qualifying.

Pole position: pole position start in the race, one parking space, it gives the fastest driver in qualifying.

Qualifying: Qualifying, determine the start of the race overall game system, F1 is a three-stage qualifying system.

Race stop: the race is suspended, if extreme weather conditions threaten the safety of the game (eg heavy rain), or an accident of the car to the track blocked, the opponent will produce This means that the game interrupted or ended prematurely.

Time penalty: time penalty, which is the punishment of the race, drivers' violations performed, once the drivers received the instructions of the post-match penalties, drivers must be within three times the drive-through to accept punishment (divided into driving through the maintenance station 10 seconds of two) and a fine stop refueling and replacement of tires, the drivers are not allowed in the station. If the punishment is executed in the last five circles, the penalty is changed to an increase of 25 seconds.

Speed ​​limiter: the speed limit, F1 cars into the pits after the cruise control, driver by pressing the speed limit button on the steering wheel to activate, so the car's speed will be automatically controlled within the scope of the pit lane speed.

Starting line-up: the grid arrangement. F1 grid in each row there are two cars, a little by the vertical distance between the same column before and after the two cars is 8 m.

Starting number: license plate number. Every driver cars are allocated to the starting sequence number, the number of dimensions and the marked location on the car, developed by the FIA, the numbers are allocated before the start of the season. Last season's champion racing number on the 1st of his teammates on the 2nd, last season's champion does not participate in the new season, the No. 1 will be omitted by the number 0 instead. In addition, the number of F1 is not 13.

Lollipop: lollipop commonly known, in fact, is a sign. Side that says "Go", the other side reads "Brake the signal rod racing pit stop, a car mechanic standing in front of the signal bar to tell drivers when you need to brake, when you need Guadang start .

The efficiency of the tire change: the most critical team in the Formula One competition is the middle of the pits to change tires (Pit Stop). Pit Stop wasting a second, may have a critical impact on the outcome of the game. Skilled staff action game from the usual practice, the team usually on Thursday afternoon and Sunday morning to practice of Pit the Stop. Pit stop is dangerous, so every staff member must wear fireproof clothing and to wear helmets to reduce the risk. These staff are in the fleet, there is another principal, such as technicians, truck drivers, maintenance and supplies, such as administrators, while a small portion of fuel to change the tire but they work. The car every time stops, the precise extent of their cooperation can be seen from the staff of the division of labor: 12 technicians responsible for changing a tire (each one is three, the one responsible to take the pneumatic wrench to dismantle the lock screw, the one responsible for the demolition of the old tires, a responsible fitted with new tires); one responsible for operating the former jack; one responsible for operating the jack; the one responsible for the nose in the car before the damage must be replaced when operating in particular jack; one responsible for checking the engine valve pneumatic Reply devices required for high-pressure bottle, if necessary, must be added the high-pressure air; one responsible for holding the fuel gun, which is usually served by the strongest fleet technicians; one is called "lollipop sir", responsible for holding written Brakes "(brake), and" Gear "(into the block) dashboard, brand lift, it means that the car can leave the maintenance area. He is also the only 22 people with words of one wipe the drivers helmet.

Crash barrier: impact guardrail F1 track safety facilities, adopted more generally do not have the space to set the buffer location for a street race.

Chicanes: chicane, and tighten the corners of the track is designed for breaking down the long straights. The chicane force drivers to reduce speed.

Hairpin: hairpin, a 180-degree back bend, the most famous hairpin Monaco, the Grand Hotel hairpin

Medical car: medical vehicles, medical vehicles by the competition physician responsible for the safety car in every game, practice, qualifying and the race, it must always be on standby in the pits at the exit.

Medical Center: Medical Center, per an F1 race and test track, you must have an art class, emergency service facilities by experienced doctors. A rescue helicopter must have been on standby and ready for action, if you can not guarantee that these, such as fog or heavy rain, the game will not be given.

Kerbs: shoulder, trim stone protruding on the track bend, drivers must reduce speed when passing shoulder, so it is to provide additional safety protection facilities. But sometimes, rolling shoulder to get a better angle of the corners and out of the corner speed.

Pit lane: the pit lane, in front at the service station during the race, racing pit stop will be done here. Beginning in 2004, the pit lane speed from 80 km to 100 km / h, in order to provide more flexibility to the fleet-stop strategy. However, in some track to the pit lane is narrow, like Monaco and Magny Cours, pit speed is reduced.

Run-off zone: buffer, buffer set in the high-speed corners, it needs to let the car roll-over case, try to speed down the gravel buffer as widely as possible, due to the sand reduces the car speed, thus reducing the energy of the car hit the tire wall. Asphalt buffer to preserve the rider more control over the car.

Safety car: safety car lap the safety car led car circling a week. Also, the safety car accident or rain when deployed and used to control the speed of the entire team, led by racing the road to avoid further accidents. The safety car start in 1992.

Tyre stack: mandatory equipment is equipped with the tire wall, the track began in 1981. The tire wall from two to six rows of conventional tires with bolts buckle together to form by the rubber band tied together, so that the best absorption of impact energy.

Racing Team

Manufacturers: manufacturer, also known as the "team". Any attempt to enter the F1 manufacturers, must prove to the FIA that they possess the ability to design and manufacture of racing chassis. All the teams need to prove they have sufficient technical and economic resources to participate in the annual game. Because of the very special circumstances, any one manufacturer must participate in the annual game.

"Dissect" an F1 driver

F1 driver is the most robust physique athletes, because the driving style of an F1 car and the driver shall be subjected to strong centrifugal force, and a far cry from driving by vehicles. The racer is not only physical state is superior to ordinary people, have a calm, cool, analytical mind.

Observe the F1 driver, you can find, they have to look almost the same width Jingzhuang neck and head. This is because the driving Fl racing, wearing the helmet's head is exposed outside in the cockpit section, in addition to a turn must withstand 5 g of lateral centrifugal force forward in braking deceleration strength also more than 5 g,. Such a high state of the centrifugal force, the head plus the weight of helmets will become five times, about 25 kg, thus the need for especially strong neck to resist the centrifugal force. R26 (2006) followed by the arm and wrist muscles are extremely developed. Normal circumstances, the operation of the steering wheel of the F1 car needs about 30 kg of force, turn the steering wheel at high speeds require greater strength, turn strong arm to keep the car driver you want to march route . 300 km during the race, a strong arm and wrist is necessary.

Racing steering wheel belongs to sitting in the upper body movement, F1 drivers in the game when all upper body oxygen consumption; jokingly analogy to F1 driver wheelchair marathoner, because the oxygen consumption and a marathon runner when the F1 racers game quite .

In addition, horizontal centrifugal force in a turn, let the blood flow of unilateral, but drivers still need to keep a cool thinking and judgment. Drivers heartbeat racing starting up to 190 times per minute heartbeat during the race are also about 160 times, so the racer's heart and lung function must be extremely strong.

The heat resistance of the body Fl drivers is also very important. In the cool European region race race, the temperature inside the cockpit can be as high as 50-60 degrees Celsius. In the hot Sepang, Malaysia, the cabin temperature even more than 80 degrees Celsius. Although drivers can continue to add water, but nearly two hours of the game down, body fat loss and dehydration of the sum of more than 4 kg. For most people, as a lot of dehydration can cause shock, F1 driver got off.

Racing Season

The first F1 race held in 1950, the venue is transformed from a British post-war abandoned airport Silverstone (Silver-stone) track. To the previous season so far has been held for 60 years. 2010 61 of the F1 season. The size of the F1 year from the original seven games, development can be held up to 19 games each year to the current competition will take place covering 18 countries on five continents, the end of an annual season from March to 11, more than 19 games of the year half of the game is held in Europe.

To cope with the world of live TV broadcast, Fl of planning the schedule for the special case of about 300 km (Monte Carlo) or two hours are limited, to see how complete, even if the end of the game. The longest and the shortest race and Monaco were Japan, 310.352 km 262.626 km.

F1 competition schedule is divided into three days, which includes: Friday free practice (without results) from 11:00 to 12:00 and 14:00 to 3:00 of the first paragraph of measuring race; Saturday from 9:00 to 9:45 Free Practice 10:15 to 11:00 (excluding the results); Saturday 14:00 to 3:00 measured qualifying (Qualifying); 14:00 Sunday finals (The Grand Prix).

Sunday's race is, of course, is the most exciting part. Before the game, there are still other activities in the field, like the opening ceremony of the drivers circling, there are a number of subsidiary events, but part of the front of the TV audience can not see.

Two in the afternoon, the game began. The race distance of about three hundred kilometers, almost a half an hour, if the situation must be delayed, nor more than two hours. Immediately after the end of the game award. The final process, the player must tire wear and fuel consumption of the state into the pits (Pit) tire change and refueling, which called of Pit Stop. From the start the 2010 season, F1 canceled mid-race refueling, all the cars may not halfway refueling.

Game after the top ten drivers respectively 25,18,15,12,10,8,6,4,2,1 integral. Year season down the most points the drivers that F1 champion for the year title. The 2009 champion Jenson Button Jenson Button, F1 Constructors is the team's two cars in a whole year's season, which the sum of points obtained. The most points the team can win the annual team championship, the annual championship team in 2009, Brown GP (Brawn GP) team (in 2010 changed to Mercedes - Mercedes-Benz F1 Grand Prix)

F1 Flags

Yellow flag on behalf of the front driveway obstructions or unforeseen circumstance. For example, a damaged or faulty car. To remind drivers to drive carefully. Sent out the yellow flag when not allowed to overtake. If the obstacles to the car parked on the track side, or on the obstacle are not track F1 semaphore, then the yellow flag will be stationary. If the obstacle is on the track, then the yellow flag will be back and forth shaking, ready to remind the driver to change direction. Yellow the appearance of two cases: one is the stage yellow to remind drivers of this stage (the whole track in a number of stages) shall not overtake; another audience Huangqihai, said the audience are not allowed to overtake. and there will be safety car on the track, all racing all slow down. If a driver is not seriously read the information of yellow, while still racing speed car accident, came to the track lots, then the drivers will be severely punished and may even be disqualified....

Pairs of yellow

Time to shake both sides yellow. Two cases. One is to remind drivers track completely blocked by the accident; another after the formation lap, the drivers and accidents (such as the car suddenly turn off) has been parked in the grid, the race will shake pairs of yellow, will be re-began to warm-up lap (the number of laps of the race corresponds to reduce the circle). Car accident back to the pits to repair the car (such as re-ignition) from the pitlane, the rider's original grid positions will be vacated....

Red and yellow striped flag

Red and yellow striped flag on behalf of the track ahead of road oil, or slippery road, drivers should drive carefully, until the recovery of signal flag. If the game officials waved the red and yellow flags, representing the front not far from there is the so-called wet zone.

White Flag

When a white flag, in front of slow moving vehicles. May be an ambulance, or a trailer, or event security vehicles. When to see a white flag, the drivers should drive carefully, even should the appropriate reducer.

Red Flag

The red flag race or test for any reason to be suspended or ended prematurely. The red flag will be present throughout the track, this time the driver should return to the track at the end of pit lane, where on standby to find out whether the game is resumed, and when the game resumes.

Blue Flag

Blue Flag said reminded about to be lapped riders behind the leading circle or circle the vehicle is approaching, and is ready to overtake. So slow it should be to the side of the approach or to slow down to make way for the leading cars. Blue Flag in two ways: one is stationary blue flag, said after the car is near; another shake of the Blue Flag, said the Express has come behind, climbing must immediately allow the car. In F1, if a driver three times shaking blue flag have not been able in a timely manner for later racing line, overtaking, drivers will be punished by pit stops concurrence stopped 10 seconds of penalties....

Green Flag

The green flag in front of the obstacles has been cleared, the driver can re-accelerate forward to racing speed, but also overtaking....

Black Flag

If the driver's number is displayed on the starting line, while the black flag appears next, which means that drivers need to report to the repair station in the finish of the lap. When a rider game misconduct need to be discipline, or when a foul when the drivers in the race, you need to show the drivers black flag. This signal, in general, the rider may be disqualified, or by the time the punishment. In short, the black flag is equivalent to the Speedway "sent off" in the game, the most severe punishment.

Black circled in red flags...

Was racing circles dubbed the "plaster flag. If the driver's number is displayed on the starting line, while next to the black circled in red flag, which means that drivers need to get in touch immediately with the repair station, when necessary, must immediately pit. When the match officials suspected the driver's car mechanical problems and needs an overhaul, it will show the black circled in red banner. This flag is usually in a car on the track suffered serious injury, is still in the competition on the track, the stewards have the right to produce black circled in red flag to potential for harm to other vehicles on the grounds of a car forced Zhao back to the repair station maintenance.

Black and white checkered flag

When black and white checkered flag, indicating the end of the race or practice session. This time, all drivers must return to the pit lane or concentrated to the starting area. From here riders need their car to before the Roll Call, the car needs to be tested to ensure the rules and regulations in line with the game. For each game of the championship will be waving color checkered flag for his; runner-up and later drivers, color checkered flag will be stationary to produce. Therefore, black and white checkered flag means "victory" and "finish".

F1- Ferrari 1950-2008 models

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