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The BMV is a private financial entity, operating by concession of the
Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit (Mexico)
(SHCP by its initials in Spanish), under Mexico's Securities' Market Law, passed in 1933 with the creation of the modern Mexican Stock Exchange.[4]
The main purpose of the BMV is to facilitate share transactions and to push market development, expansion, and competitiveness.

The BMV was officially founded in its modern form in 1933 along with the passing of the Regulatory Decree of the General Law of Credit Institutions and Auxiliary Organisations, which deals on matters relative to the trade of securities within the country.[4]
On August 26, 2014, BMV became the 12th stock exchange to join the United Nations Sustainable Stock Exchanges initiative.[5][6]

Contents

[4]
From 1880 to 1900, Plateros and Cadena streets in the historic centre of Mexico City
were home to recurring meetings in which brokers and businessmen purchased and sold all kinds of commodities as well as stocks in public offerings. Afterwards, exclusive groups of shareholders and issuing company representatives would gather to negotiate behind closed doors in different places around the city.

Madero Avenue, home of the first stock exchange in Mexico, is today a pedestrian mall.

In 1894, Manuel Algara, Camilo Arriaga, and Manuel Nicolín pushed, among the most distinguished brokers of the time, the idea of a normative and institutionalised system to trade securities. With the increased backing and widespread support for his ideas, the Bolsa Nacional (National Stock Exchange) was founded on 31 October 1894 at 9 Plateros Street, later renamed
Madero Street. Less than a year later, another group of brokers, led by Francisco A. Llerena and Luis G. Necochea, formed a society named Bolsa de México (Stock Exchange of Mexico), and registered as a competing establishment on 14 June 1895. Because of coinciding objectives and links between members of the two institutions, leaders began discussing a union between them. On 3 September 1895, the merger was finalised, keeping the name Bolsa de México, and the administrative offices at the Plateros Street address. The company was officially inaugurated on 21 October 1895.

By the start of the following year, Bolsa de México had three public issuing companies and eight private ones, among them, the
Bank of Mexico, the
National Bank of Mexico, and the
Bank of London and Mexico
(later acquired by Santander Group). On 1 March 1933, the Congress of Mexico
passed and President Abelardo L. Rodríguez
signed into law the Regulatory Decree of the General Law of Credit Institutions and Auxiliary Organisations, normalising the exchange of securities and the stock market in Mexico.

President Abelardo L. Rodríguez

Because of the legal reforms of the time, and the concession authorised by Congress on 28 October 1933, which for the first time included stock exchanges, the charter and bylaws of the Bolsa de Valores de México, S.A. (Stock Exchange of Mexico) were approved, and on 5 September, the institution was incorporated. That same year, the National Securities Commission, later renamed
National Banking and Securities Commission, was established to supervise the Bolsa de Valores de México.

Because of substantial industrial and commercial growth in Mexico mid-century, owing to the rise in the creation of
maquiladoras
in northern Mexico, as well as the accumulation of capital and the constant creation of new businesses at the time, the Monterrey
Stock Exchange was established, and it grew to serve the entire North of the country, reaching over 100 listings.[7]
Soon after, businesses in Guadalajara
started organising a third stock exchange, and in 1960, the Occidental Stock Exchange was established to serve the West coast of Mexico. Because of low performance in the Guadalajara and Monterrey stock exchanges, however, Congress passed in 1975 the Securities' Market Law, which prompted the Bolsa de Valores de México to change its name to Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (Mexican Stock Exchange) and merge the other two exchange houses into it, creating thus the single entity that remains to this day the only stock exchange in Mexico.

The Stock Exchange Centre in 2012

On 19 April 1990, the Centro Bursátil was finished on
Paseo de la Reforma, turning the Stock Exchange Centre into the heart of the financial district of Mexico City. Five years later, the BMV completely modernised the centre, introducing a completely electronic system (BMV-SENTRA) which was phased into the workings of the exchange, becoming fully operational by 1999.

In 2001,
Citigroup
became the first foreign company to begin trading in the BMV, opening the door to many new companies to do the same, especially from Central and South America. The same year, the Securities' Market Law was reformed according to the demutualisation of BMV. The following year, the Corporativo Mexicano del Mercado de Valores, S.A. de C.V. was constituted to manage the hiring of personnel, and administration of the Stock Exchange and other financial institutions within the Centre.

In 2003, the global market was made available through the BMV, allowing national investors access to foreign securities from within the country. In 2006, the Mexican securities market was opened to foreigners through the MexDer system, allowing them operation from anywhere in the world. In October of the same year, four EFTs (exchange-traded funds) over indexes of the stock exchange itself were listed, placing BMV in the first place in
Latin America
in terms of EFTs listed over own indexes, and as the leading stock exchange in terms of total EFTs.

In 2010, the BMV signed an alliance with the world's largest derivatives exchange, the
Chicago Mercantile Exchange, putting Mexican derivatives within reach of international investors.

Mexico is a founding member of the Pacific Alliance with seeks large-scale economic integration.

The Mexican Stock Exchange, BMV, announced its first trade made as part of the
Latin American Integrated Market
(MILA by its Spanish initials) on 2 December 2014.[8]
The trade on MIILA was a $1,415 purchase of 200 shares in Chilean retailer Falabella, executed by GBM Mexico through GBM Chile.[8]
With the entry of Mexico into MILA, the integrated stock market now counts 798 issuers among the four countries, making it the biggest market by number of listed companies in Latin America, and the biggest in terms of market capitalization, according to the World Federation of Exchanges.[8]
The joint capitalization of the four bourses tops US$1.25 trillion, making it larger than the US$1.22 trillion BM&F Bovespa.[9]
The move comes largely as step in the integration efforts between Mexico, Chile,
Colombia, and
Peru, as members of the
Pacific Alliance.

The BMV calculates 13 indices of stock prices. Each
index
can be used as an underlying value for derivative
products listed on specialized markets. The main benchmark stock index is called the IPC, which stands for
Índice de Precios y Cotizaciones, and is the broadest indicator of the BMV's overall performance. It is made up of a balanced weighted selection of shares that are representative of all the shares listed on the exchange from various sectors across the economy, and is revised twice a year. Weight is determined by
market capitalization. The IPC's value is related to the previous day's value, rather than the base date of October 30, 1978. Since February 2009 the IPC index has included BMV's own A shares. Indice Mexico (INMEX) is a market capitalization weighted index of 20 to 25 of the BMV's most highly marketable issuers, using their most representative series. The sample is limited to issuers with a minimum market value of $100 million and is revised every six months. The weighting cannot be greater than 10% at the start of each calculation period.