lexical scope

(Or "static scope") When the scope of an
identifier is fixed at compile time to some region in the
source code containing the identifier's declaration. This
means that an identifier is only accessible within that region
(including procedures declared within it).

Statically scoped languages differ as to whether the scope is
limited to the smallest block (including begin/end blocks)
containing the identifier's declaration (e.g. C, Perl) or
to whole function and procedure bodies (e.g. ECMAScript), or
some larger unit of code (e.g. ?). The former is known as
static nested scope.