Synovial biopsy

Definition

A synovial biopsy is the removal of a piece of tissue lining a joint for examination. The tissue is called the synovial membrane.

Alternative Names

Biopsy - synovial membrane

How the Test is Performed

The test is done in the operating room, usually during an arthroscopy or small incision.

After anesthesia, an instrument called a trocar is inserted into the joint space. This tool helps push fluid in and out of the area. A biopsy grasper is inserted through the trocar and turned to cut out a tissue segment.

How to Prepare for the Test

What medications you are taking (including any herbal medicines and supplements)

How the Test will Feel

With the local anesthetic, you will feel a prick and a burning sensation. As the trocar is inserted, there will be some discomfort. If the surgery is performed under regional or general anesthesia, you will not feel the procedure.

Why the Test is Performed

Synovial biopsy helps diagnose gout and bacterial infections, or rule out other infections. It can be used to diagnose autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis, or uncommon infections like tuberculosis.

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