This paper analyzes the long-term health impacts of Nepal's 1996-2006 civil conflict. It exploits the heterogeneity in conflict intensity across villages and birth cohorts to document long-term health and intergenerational impacts.
... See More + The analysis finds that childhood exposure to conflict and, in particular, exposure starting in infancy, negatively impacts attained adult height. Each additional month of exposure decreases a women's adult height by 1.36 millimeters. The impacts are not limited to first-generation. The analysis also finds that a mother's exposure to conflict in her childhood is detrimental to her child's health. Mothers exposed to conflict during their childhood have more children and live in less wealthy households, likely reducing their ability to invest during their children’s critical period of physical development. The finding points to a potential trade-off between the quantity and quality of children. The paper uses information on monthly conflict incidents at the village level, which allows identifying identify the effects of exposure to conflict more accurately than prior studies.
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This paper analyzes the long-term health impacts of Nepal's 1996–2006 civil conflict. It exploits the heterogeneity in conflict intensity across villages and birth cohorts to document long-term health and intergenerational impacts.
... See More + The analysis finds that childhood exposure to conflict and, in particular, exposure starting in infancy, negatively impacts attained adult height. Each additional month of exposure decreases a women's adult height by 1.36 millimeters. The impacts are not limited to first-generation. The analysis also finds that a mother's exposure to conflict in her childhood is detrimental to her child's health. Mothers exposed to conflict during their childhood have more children and live in less wealthy households, likely reducing theirability to invest during their children's critical period of physical development. The finding points to a potential trade-off between the quantity and quality of children. The paper uses information on monthly conflict incidents at the village level, which allows identifying identify the effects of exposure to conflict more accurately than prior studies.
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Employment outcomes in developing countries began showing signs of strain in the second half of 2012, after a year of gradual progress. Figure 1 shows median growth rates for output, employment, and real wages as well as the median unemployment rate for 20 middle-income countries.
... See More + Gross domestic product (GDP) growth continued its slow decline in the wake of the weak recovery in Europe and the United States and continued financial uncertainty in parts of the European Union. After a long lag, the impact of this slowing growth is finally being felt in developing countries labor markets. In the fourth quarter of 2012, the median unemployment rate barely budged, falling from 5.9 to 5.8 percent. The fall in employment growth was more substantial, from 2.2 percent in the second quarter of 2012 to 1.7 in the third quarter and to 1.0 in the fourth. Median real wage growth also declined, falling to a modest 3.3 percent, much lower than the peak rate of 4.9 percent. In general, labor markets in developing countries made little progress in creating jobs and reducing unemployment in the second half of 2012.
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