In this summary I will explain the different aspects, concerning health and ageing. These are aspects are population and ageing, social exclusion, quality of life, discrimination and ageing and health in gerneral. To start with the aspect of population and ageing, the main issue first of all, is that the numbers and proportion of older people in the population are growing because of decreasing birth rates and increasing life expectancy. In fact, ageing is one of the greatest social and economic challenges of the 21st century for the European societies. But not in every country life expectancys or the problem, that their population gets older, while the birth rate decreases, is the same. Lets take for example the EU, and pick out some countries to make an example. Sweden has the oldest population in Europe in percentage of people 80 years and above, followed by Italy. Italy has the highest percentage of people aged 65 and over, while Albania has the lowest. Turkey has the youngest population, followed by Romania. Also the income, in other words the amount of money which the older generations have for living, which is of course highly related to the life expectancy and the social life style, differs enormes. For instance Eastern and Central European contexts also differ from Western EU countries. Older people’s circumstances are more difficult in many new Member States, where majority of older people are poor. They face other kinds of problems, such minimal social care system and inadequate access to health and social services. To make sure we are talking about the same thing, if we relate to the term 'ageing', we have to point out, that there are several different 'types' of ageing, so in other words, there is a certain Terminology we should keep in mind. In research protocols and policy documents the following phrases have become increasingly common: active ageing, healthy ageing and lastly successful ageing. So first of all the term active ageing is the process...

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...10.1.1 Definition of Healthy Ageing
Active ageing is the process of optimizing opportunities for health, participation and security in order to enhance quality of life as people age. It applies to both individuals and population groups.
Active ageing allows people to realize their potential for physical, social, and mental well-being throughout the life course and to participate in society, while providing them with adequate protection, security and care when they need.
The word “active” refers to continuing participation in social, economic, cultural, spiritual and civic affairs, not just the ability to be physically active or to participate in the labour force. Older people who retire from work, ill or live with disabilities can remain active contributors to their families, peers, communities and nations. Active ageing aims to extend healthy life expectancy and quality of life for all people as they age. “Health” refers to physical, mental and social well being as expressed in the WHO definition of health. Maintaining autonomy and independence for the older people is a key goal in the policy framework for active ageing.
http://www.who.int/ageing/active_ageing/en/
10.1.2 Global and National Demographic Trend
Demographics are the quantifiable statistics of a given population. Demographics is also used to identify the study of quantifiable subsets within a given...

...important. Negative experiences will make individuals have a troubled life and good experiences will increase the levels of self-esteem as it can change over time.
The physical changes which are associated with ageing is another factor which affects self-esteem . As elderly people are trying to adjust to the new changes their self-esteem will be low as they will not value themselves. While physical changes cause individuals to have a low self-esteem, it will affect their behaviour. This means elderly individuals may not socialise with others, they may refuse to leave their house. Their lives will be miserable and they will be unhappy because self-esteem is an important part of a person’s life. By having a high self-esteem people are able to do many things as they fulfil life to its fullest. But those who are affected from physical changes will not fulfil life to its fullest. An example of a physical change associated with ageing is wrinkles under the eye, this may cause individuals to feel self-conscious and not good about themselves.
Psychological changes also affect self-confidence. Self-confidence is increased when individuals feel good about themselves and the person they are. An unsuccessful life will cause low self-confidence; this is common with ageing as individuals are turning old and are experiencing disease and illnesses which cause psychological changes. A sense of failure is common to arise as they may feel their...

...In this assignment I will be explaining two theories which are the disengagement theory and the activity theory.
Disengagement theory
The disengagement theory suggests when people reach old age, they tend to naturally withdraw themselves from society and social involvement, elderly folk will also reduce their physical activity due to complications with poor health as they grow old. This among other reasons will result in restricted opportunities to interact with others and forms an individual mentality/approach to life due to becoming less concerned with the expectation of others/withdrawal. In 1975 Cumming argued that “it was appropriate and healthy for older people to withdraw from others” because it was deemed a natural part of the ageing process.
The disengagement theory states that older people start to withdraw themselves from society and others because of their bodily issues i.e. hearing loss, loss of vision and reduction in physical movement. These complications can cause an older persons health to deteriorate which results in the loss of communication with others and withdrawal from society along with social interaction. Retirement can also be a contributing factor for elderly people not to be involved as much due to the inevitability that they will lose touch with their ex colleagues and friends. Older people may also have family that live far away therefore, they may not be able to travel much due to not having access to a car or even have...

...second half of the 20 century, human beings has experienced the most rapid population ageing population process, especially in developed countries. Meanwhile, China followed the step to get in an ageing society with weak economic strength and an imperfect system which have significant impact in economy and society. In addition, the current old-age security, health care institutions and traditional management system have not kept pace with the development of old age boom, so that China’s government should take a series of measures to encourage people to prepare for old age.
The United Nations believe that if the old people in a country over the age of 60 are more than 10 percent or over 65years old of population for more than 7percent of the total number, then it is already belongs to an ageing population country. This problem is generated by population age structure, while the change depends on three factors: births, deaths and migration. The most important element determining the ageing population is the decline of fertility rate.[1] So far, in our country there are 144 million of classified old people, making 11percent population in total, and increasing at 3percent average annual rate. It is predicted that by 2020 China’s elderly population will reach 248million, accounting for 17.2percent in total, and after 2050, the data will jump to 30percent, getting into severe ageing stage. The...

...AgeingAgeing can be defined as a gradual change in an organism that leads to increased risk of weakness, disease, and death. It takes place in a cell, an organ, or the total organism over the entire adult life span of any living thing. There is a decline in biological functions and in ability to adapt to metabolic stress. Changes in organs include the replacement of functional cardiovascular cells with fibrous tissue. Overall effects of aging include reduced immunity, loss of muscle strength, decline in memory and other aspects of cognition, and loss of color in the hair and elasticity in the skin. In women, the process accelerates after menopause.
Ageing is the accumulation of changes in a person over time. In humans, it refers to a multidimensional process of physical, psychological, and social change. Some dimensions of ageing grow and expand over time, while others decline. Reaction time, for example, may slow with age, while knowledge of world events and wisdom may expand. Research shows that even late in life, potential exists for physical, mental, and social growth and development. Ageing is an important part of all human societies reflecting the biological changes that occur, but also reflecting cultural and societal conventions. Roughly 100,000 people worldwide die each day of age-related causes.
Health and Wellbeing in Ageing
Health is related to the...

...One of the biggest human resource issues facing businesses today is the skyrocketing cost of health insurance.
All employers want to provide comprehensive health insurance benefits for their employees. An attractive benefits package is an asset to any business and a necessity for most individuals. Companies can even attract and retain employees by offering reasonable premiums.
However, the cost of health insurance is increasing at staggering rates. Companies that previously paid 100% of the cost are now being forced to cover only a percentage, leaving the remainder for the employee. And that percentage left for the employee is increasing as many companies are paying less and less of the cost.
In 2007, employer health insurance premiums increased by 6.1 percent - two times the rate of inflation. The annual premium for an employer health plan covering a family of four averaged nearly $12,100. The annual premium for single coverage averaged over $4,400[1].
The cost of family health insurance nationwide is increasing dramatically for employees without anywhere near an equivalent increase in family income. If this trend continues, more workers are likely to become uninsured because of the expense.
One of the reasons for the increase in health insurance is of course employee health. Group health insurance providers base their premiums on the overall health of the group – the average cost of claims paid. In a plan year, if the insurer has paid a large number...

...﻿March 5, 2013
Heath Ledger
Heath Ledger was born, Heathcliff Andrew Ledger on April 4, 1979. He was born in Perth, Western Australia, Australia to mother Sally Ledger Bell, a french teacher, and father Kim Ledger, a racecar driver and mining specialist. He and his sister, Katherine, were reportedly named after two main characters in Emily Bonte's Wuthering Heights. He also had two half sisters: Ashleigh Bell and Olivia Ledger. Ledger's first acting role was, Peter Pan at the age of only 10 in a local community theatre in Australia.
Heath found emotional release in acting, choreographing and dance after his parents split up when he was only 11 years old. He finally landed a role in the low budget movie, "Blackrock" in 1997. This exposure made got FOX studios attention and soon landed him the lead role on the pilot, "Roar;" a medieval fantasy that co-stared Keri Russel. This series made Ledger's presence known to American audiences as well as other FOX executives. To try and make his dream a reality he moved with a close friend from the place he called home for almost 19 years and moved to Los Angeles.
In 1999 he became fully exposed to an International audience in his breakout role in, "10 Things I Hate About You" opposite Julia Stiles. The film became a cult success with younger teenage audiences. Heath became known as a teenage hunk, which was not the image he wanted to be perceived as. To try and shed his teen...

...Distinction – Analyse the benefits of understanding diversity.
When we truly understand and value diversity and correctly apply the care values, there are many additional benefits such as; empowerment, independence, inclusion, equality, respect, dignity, opportunity, access, participation and anti-discrimination practise. I am going to explain why these benefit service users and how they feel when they are treated like this in the form of a case study when I visited St. Peters Court.
CASE STUDY
I went to St. Peters Court to visit and see what service users thought about the way they get treat. All service users I spoke to gave a positive answer back. I stayed for the day and saw meal times, activities and how they get handled. I learnt from this that practitioners follow the care values at all times. One service user I spoke was very fragile and needed extra support. They explained to me that the care staffs do not automatically help them; an example was in the morning when they get out of bed to get bathed and took to the lounge. The care staff offer them help, E.g. ‘Would you like help this morning to get ready and out of bed?’. This makes the service user feel empowered and doesn’t have to reply on other people to do day to day tasks like this, also this makes them feel that they have control of their own lives and that they don’t have to get other people to do anything for them.
Another service user that I spoke to talked about how they got a lot of independence....