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Thc Governor's Message.
revenue in advance, or deprive lt at will of
the means of meeting ils legal liabilities.
The Pay of Members of the General As?
sembly.
The first important measure of retrench?
ment demanded by our financial condition, is
a great reduction in the amount received by
members of the General Assembly for their
services
The constitution provides (article ir, section
23) that "each member of the first General
Assembly under this constitution shall re?
ceive six dollars per diem, while in session,
and thefurther sum of-twenty cents for every
mlle of the ordinary route of travel In g?log to
and returning from the place where such ses?
sion ls held, after which they shall receive
such compensation as shall be fixed by law;
but no General Assembly shall have the power
to increase the compensation ot its own mem?
bers." I would recommend that, in lieu of a
per diem, each member shall receive an an?
nual salary, to be fixed at such a rate as will
greatly diminish the cost to the State of the
sessions of the General Assembly, as com?
pared with the amount uow paid under the
system ot per diem compensation. It will
also enable the General Assembly to provide
an assessment lor ihe amount required for the
pay of its members, and will enable them to
obtain their pay with certainty. I am satis?
fied that a moderate, yet adequate salary
could be provided oy law. and a great saving
be thereby affected to the State treasury.
You would thereby also greatly diminish the
incidental expenses of the General A?sembly,
by destroying what might offer a great induce?
ment to many members to prolong the ses?
sions.
I cannot refrain from expressing the hope
tn?t the present session of the Legislature will
be a short and economical one, as the financial
condition of the Slate will not admit of any
unnecessarv expendD -re of money. All the
influence of the Executive of the State will be
exerted in accomplishing this end, and he
truaw that he will have the active sympathy
and co-operation of each and every member of
the legislative department.
The large amount of money* paid to the at?
tach?s, such as clerks, messengers, porters,
?c., ls without a parallel in he history of leg?
islative bodies, lt was claimed at the time by
the members that most of these were men who
had been driven from their homes on account j
of their political opinions, and it became the j
duty of the General Assembly to provide means
for their support While this may be true, and
that lt may hav. devolved upon the State Gov?
ernment to provide some means for their pro?
tection and support, yet a very unusual and
expensive mode of extending that support was '
adopted. It might have been but Justice to
have made a regular appropriation and levied it
upon the counties from which these men were
driven; thus the'lctlmsof political prejudice
would bave beeu provided' for and the actual
perpetrators of these outrages made to feel that
lt was an-expenslve way ol' controlling polltl- J
cal opinions.
The Codifying Commission.
The commission to codify the laws has been
in existence for nearly three years, and has
cost the State about Atty thousand dollars ($50-|
OOO,) and its work ls not yet completed.
It ls the opinion of some of the best legal
minds of the State that this work could have
been done thoroughly at a cost ot not more than
five thousand dollars. I would, therefore, re?
commend that this Btandiog reproach to the
Stale Government, aid unnecessary drain
upon the treasury, be removed without delay,
by abolishing the-code commission and em
?Toying a competent jurist to complete the cod- j
Icatlon of our laws.
Tb? Office of Land Commissioner.
I recommend that the office ol land commis
sinner be abolished, and that the duties of the
office be devolved upon the secretary of State.
The School Commissioners.
The thirty-one school commissioners, at
their present salaries, which are exceedingly
large for the amount or service that they ren?
der, cost the State thirty-one thousand five
hundred dollars per annum. I. therefore, re
commend a material 'eduction in the salaries
of school commissioners, so as to reduce the
expenditures on this account to a sum not ex?
ceeding ten thousand dollars prr annum.
General Reduction of salaries.
There is great and instant need for the re?
duction of the salaries ot State officers, and
for a decided diminution of the clerical force,
employed in many offices of the Executive de?
partment. In some cases the State is paying
clerks to perform duties that should be, ana
eau be, discharged by the officers themselves.
In my opinion the salaries of all officers, ex?
cept the judges, should be reduced one-third.
Adjutant-General'* Ofllce.
The office of assistant-adjutant general
should be abolished, and the adjutant-general
should be required to perform the duties of
his office.
State and Conney Auditor?.
The office of State auditor should be abolish- j
ed. and. Its duties periormed by the comp?
troller-genera).
Voe office of county auditor can be dispensed
with without injury to the public service, and
the duties of tnat office devolved upon tn
county treasurer, thus effecting a saving to
the Sute of not less than fifty taouBind (50,
000) dollars per annum, and securing even in?
creased efficiency in the collection ot taxes.
Trial Justice*.
I Invite your early attention to the " recom?
mendations of my last message In regard to
trial justice?. The aggregate coetof this class
Ot officers ls very near one hundred and twenty
thousand (120,000) dollars annually. The trial
justices tn the City of Charleston alone entail
upon the county an exoendlture of about
thirty-five thousand (35,000) dollars a year. I
would, therefoie, urge,- In addition to my for?
mer reconnu en da i loos on this subject, that the
office of trial Justic? be abolished In the City
Of Charleston, and that, in lieu thereof, three
police judges be created for that city, who
shall receive adeqna'e >a aries, and shall exer-1
else the jurisdiction vested In trial Justices. I
would further recommend the appointment ol
one police Jud-e in each of our principal
towns, dispensing- with trial Justices therein,
and vesting in such judges the Judicial powers
now exercised by the mayors' courte, as, under
existing acts, the mayors and intendants of |
our cl tie? and towns may crowd our jails with
?riso:.erssentenced for trifling offences, thus ,
icreaslng the expenses of the several.coun?
ties. 7
Recorder of the City of Charleston.
I recommend that the offloe of iee o rd er of
the City of Charleston be abolished forthwith.
This is a State effice created by act of the Gen?
eral Assembly many years ago. but it has for a
long period fallen Into utter disuse. Although
th? recorder receives a salary of twenty-five
hundred (2500) dollars per annum, and has a
i clerk at six hundred"(600; dollars per annum.
*. payable by the city, I am credibly informed
that he has not held more than two sessions
of the City Court, tor the trial of criminal and
civil canses, during the past ten or twelve, I
.years. It ls a mere excrescence on our Judi?
cial system, and the people el Charleston
should no longer be taxed to sustain lt.
Clerks of Ibe Senate and House.
I would especially direct your attention, in
Ibis connection, to the propriety of reduct og
the salaries ot the clerks of the Senate and
.House. Taking the number of days on which
these officers are presumed to be employed,
their compensation per diem, respectively, is
more than five ti mes greater than that recel v- j
ed ^y a member of the body in which they are |
subordinates, while the annual salary of'eacb
equals the highest received by any officer In
the State, except the chief justice. Tnis ls an
anomaly without precedent in any other State,
and unwarranted by the present condition of j
the State treasury.
Add lonni Legislation Required to
Regulate Public Printing.
I recommend that the present system for the
public printing be changed without delay, and
the great drain upon the ireasury,caiised there?
by, checked at once. The authority vested in
the clerks ol the Senate and House, in regard
to the printing, should be rescinded, and a
proper safeguard and a rigid system oi ac
coun'abi.ity ludtirnted, to insure the strictest
economy- in thia very considerable branch ot
the public expeudit tires. It should not.be left j
to the discretion ol Furbordinute officers cf the
General Assembly however honest and Judi?
cious they may be in the discharge of such a
trust. The existing system has involved an
expenditure tor priming so great as to have
proved a real calamity to the S'ate. It has
certainly eventuated in a contract for the pub
KO printing which is a fl lerant fraud upon the
.treasury, and should be? instantly annulled.
I have ascertained that the company with
?Which the printing contract has been made,
to-wii: the Republicau Printing Company,
neither owns nor centr?la any journal or
{dinting establishment, and is even without
egal existence, btu. has th* work ex-culed in
this city at the regular market rates, and thus
iderive-B au immense pront irotn the treasury of I
the State, without any outlay on their part.
Stale Revenues.
Under existing laws for the assessment and
collection of taxe8. real estate ls made to bear
an undue proportion of the burdens ot taxa?
tion. For the purpose, therefore, or raising a
sufficient revenue to defray the current ex- j
penses o?an economical administration
State, and meet its obligatious to Us ere
while at the same - time lessening Its
realty, I make the following recome
tions. These recommendations, if Judie
carried out, will secure the payment of
on classes of property hitherto practica
empt lrom taxation, and tend to utilize
gitl mate sources of State revenue. Tb*
of the cotton and rice is shipped fro
State or sent to market, in the Intern
between the annual assessment ol taxe
is thus practically exempted from tai
contributing but a small share to the a
of revenue derived from the tax on pe
property. A tax on these important anc
ble products, such as they may reasi
bear withqut checking production, an
cordi ng to value, should be especially pn
for, and the necessary measures enacted
sure its collection with certainty.
The Phosphate Deposita.
This vast natural source of revenue hi
yet been utilized, but a comparatively
revenue having thus far been derived fi
by the State. I recommend that some p
officer be designated by law whose d
shall be, by actual Inspection and mea
meut, to. ascertain the number ol ti
phosphate belonging to the State, that a
cavated by the several chartered comp;
and to certify and to collect the royall
upon the same.
Licenses.
I recommend that all persons enga*
the sale of liquors, and all merchants, fa
lawyers and physicians be required to tali
a Scute license.
Insurance Companies.
A tax should be levied on all premium
celved by insurance companies.
Tax on Railroad Tonnage.
AU the most. Important railroad comp
in this State pay no taxes upon their prop
I earnestly recommend that a tax be levi
every railroad company In the Slate for <
passenger and every ton of freight t
ported.
Delinquent Tax Sale?.
To enforce the more prompt payment o
taxes, and to check the growth of the pn
enormous arrear Hst, I recommend that
law be so amended that real and pen
properly, subject to taxation, shall be sol
public sale, by the county treasurers, w
thirty days after the same shall have bec
delinquent under the tar levy-the pen
property to be first exhausted, if necessar
satisfy the tax, before sale ls made of th
alt;-and thct bonds of the State be takt
Payment at par for all real estate purchast
eilnquent laud sales. I further recomn
that tne several county treasurers shall bi
thorlzed and required to give absolute titi
ail real estate and personal property soi
within sixty days afW the date of such i
that the State shall warrant and' defend i
titles, and they shall be held and taken b
courts in the States as titles in fee simple;
that, lu all legal proceedings, the said co
shall be concluded by sold titles as to all i
tera touching any Irregularity that may 1
been had in connection with such sales,
which may be alleged against the valldit
the said titles. This provision, as to tim
sale and redemption, not to apply to the. p
erty of minors and persons who are non con
mentis, or confined In public prisons.
I would also urge that the provision of
requiring county auditors to purchase la
for the Slate, at delinquent land sales, be
pealed, and that all such lands, hereto!
purchased by the State, be sold without del
subject to the claims of those who may 1
any ol such lands under the State lease
provided by law, should there by any such
expired leases at the time ol sale.
Amount of Taxes In Arrear.
As an evidence of the need of additional le
lation to enable the State to realize the de
quent taxes, I mention the facts that
amounts due on the arrear lists, for the ye
1868,1869 and 1870, aggregate one million i
hundred and thirty-seven thousand fourb
dred and thirty-three ($1,137,433) dollars.
Safe of State Lands.
I further recommend that the lands p
chased by the land commission, and all ot
lands owned by the State, be subdivided 1
suitable areas, and sold at an early period, i
rate per acre to be fixed by law, according
classification, and that bonds ol the State
taken In payment, at par, for all such land'
The State lands are now est; mue j to.
worth one million (1,000,000) dollars, at am
I lmum valuation.
I The Ku-Klui.
The existing intervention of the mi.lt;
power of the united States, for the suppr
sion of "domestic violence" in the State, <
manda that I should review the causes tl
i have made that intervention necessary.
! perform this d, ty with a deep sense of hu mil
tlon as an American citizen, and with pi
j found regret as the Chief Magistrate of Sou
Carolina. It bad long been the boast of o
political system, founded as lt is upon the e
pressed will ol the people, that the peace!
agencies of the aw were alone safflcient ?
the protection of life and property. Wbe
therefore, lt becomes necessary for the ch
authorities to Invoke the aid ot ihe militar
for the protection of the citizen in the exercl
of his vested rights, it is a declaration to tl
world that, within the limits of the Stat
crime triumphs over law. That such is tl
fact ls Justly due to no act of the present Sta
Government. It hat assailed no private rlgh
and committed no public wron?, and al wa'
remembering that it was established to a
vance the Interests ol tba whole people,
cannot, with justice, be charged with ev<
having wantonly Injured a citizen either 1
bis person or estate.
Toe members of th* Constitutional Convet
tlon of 1868, with remarkable unanimity, e:
eluded from the new constitution every pr<
sc/i pi ive feature, and by its provisions no cit
zen was disfranchised, and every class ot pei
sons and property was guaranteed t he equi
protection of the laws. The administrate
elected under that constitution endeavor?
faithfully to reflect the generous spifii of lt
framers. Impelled by my own personal sent
mente, no less than br what I deemed a wie
public policy, I saw in the men who had r?
belled against the National Government onl
the citizens ot my country, who, it they ha
done much wrong, had also, as a consequence
endured much suffering, and I sought to wi;
them back to a better leellng, that alt classe
of our citizens might dwell together as breth
i en, under the shelter ol a common mansion
and that the united efforts ot the whole mlgh
be directed to lifting the State up f rom th
universal prostration caused by the wanto;
acts of a part.
Actuated by these motives, and as a testlmc
ny that the new administration was nelthe
partisan nor vindictive, in my first message ti
. tne Generally Assembly I used the t olio wini
language on the Bubject of political dbablli
iles:
"I would earnestly reccom mend that your hon
orable body will, at an early period, m-inorializi
Congress to relieve every citizen of Mouth Carol;
na from ail political disabilities. _l make thi;
recommendation the more readily Trom the fae
tint there are believed to be none of that class li
this State who have committed Infamous oflencei
against the laws or war."
"Tnestatute or dlsfrauchUement was; doubt
less, wise ind proper at the earlier stige or recon
strucUon. and Justly marked the nation's abhor
renee or those who, having been the trust?
leaders* ! the people, had led them into rebedior
against th> benign government of their count'y
let the continuance, or such dlsrranchl-emen'
wo?:d be an anomaly under our Kepubiica
sys-em based unon the doctrine or universal suf
frage. Let us hope that such an act of magoan
imlty will not be mistaken by the class o h tran
chlstd, while to deny lt will tend to make them
objects or sympathy, and will be, as it were, tc
ke-p a k> ire sticking la an open wound."
I would add, that I have neither, abandoned
the hope or the sentiment that impelled that
recommendation, so far as the industrial class
Of the whites are concerned. Although they
conrribmed largely to the"wealth and strength
of the State, yet, in former times, they were
not permitt-d io take any part In the adminis?
tration ot its affalts. The: e ls no natural an?
tagonism between then and our present. s\s
tem of free government, which, in its pater?
nal care for the welfare of its clilzeus, lias, for
the Ant time in the history ol South Carolina,
enacted a homestead law, which guards the
threshold ot the poor man's dwelling, so that
remorseless creditors may not enter and sell
the ?oof that shelters bis wile and children, or
seize the products of the few acres that supply
bis table with food. Whatever feeling ot hos?
tility any of these may entertain against the
government ol their country, is the result, in
a great measure, of the wilful misrepresenta?
tions of their former privileged rulers, to ad?
vance their own political ends.
The General Assembly promptly seconded
this effort to restore nniver.-al good will among
our people, by devising an equitable system of
taxation, and by the enactment of laws for the
development of all the industrial interests of
the State. j>
As au evidence of the beneficent policy of
the new S>ate G ven ment, I cite the tacts
that most of the circuit Judges elected by the
General Assembly were known not to be in
political accord with the majority of its mem?
bers, and none of them were political part?
isane. More than half of all the officers ap?
pointed by the Executive were of the oppos'
'ion, and the old magistrates, w.ho had held
their placee for years,were generally reappoint?
ed. That this liberal course on the part of the
new administration was not due to a ut
of material in its own party, ts shown b]
fad that this policy was pursued eve
Charlestoo,whero there were numerous R
Heans capable and willing to fill all the offli
that vicinity. All the old magistrates In
city were reappointed, and the best poi
in the County of Charleston, the cc
treasurer g hip, was bestow?d hy me up
citizen known to be politically hostile t(
State admlnlstraH/m.
I recur to these fact9 to show that the a
violence which has prevailed in this ?
and has successfully bid defiance to the
authorities, cannot find a vindication lt
plea, which so -justly commends Itself tc
American mind, that it was the result of
action against oppression-an appeal to
to remedy wrongs for which there wa
other remedy.
I Indeed, t his system of organized murd?
fan in 1S65, immediately alter the cessai!
ostiliiles in the open field, inaugurati
condition of affairs that has continued
varying intensity up to the period ot Ita r<
culmination, and which differed in Its des
liveness from actual war only In this, tnt
killed and wounded were all on one side.
In evidence ot this. I refer to the well ki
fact, that my Immediate predecessor, OE
the most worthy and eminent citizens o
State, Governor James L. Orr, was both
llcly and privately maligned for his effori
suppress it and enforce the laws against
crim?nala. The class of men who ass
him for the faithful and tearless dise?are
his duty are the same who openly defend
Ku-Klux and secretly moved the springs
put and kept-them in motion.
A better temper seemed to prevail an
this class in the early part of 1868. This, 1
ever, waa rapidly changed under the WT)
teachings and public speeches of the op]
tlon press and leaders. By the notor
Broadhead letter of General Frank P. B
[ and kindred utterances, announcing
speedy advent of a national administra
that would "trample under fool" the w
system of reconstruction, the dormant
loyalty of the opposition leaders in this S
was galvanized Into action, as is a pal
limb of the human body by the thrill of
electric spark.
These leaders at once evinced a recalclti
spirit. They assumed the air and speech
defiant conqueror, and where they did
vindictively assail the principles of
national government ol whose rafe magm
mlty they were living proofs, they would
clare, as the tannest limit of their loyalty, I
they "accept the situation;" an express
which has now become stereotyped,
which, on the lips of such men, conveys b
a falsehood and an insult, In the sense in wi
they use lt. as it implies a reserved rlgh
refuse obedience ' to the laws of their conn
whose authority they ceased to assail c
when they were deprived .of the power to
SiSt lt. . r
They mistook thc magnanimity of the g
eminent for weakness, and presuming ut
its forbearance, bore themselves aa If they 1
been the victors in the late struggle. Th
old party leaders soon fanned into flames
expiring passions of their followers In the
hellion, doubtless fearing that the new pol
cal system might, if unchecked, induce
whltte masses to break the thraldom that had
long-bouc-.' them under the ancient rulen
the State.
Thev denounced the State Governme
elected by a majority of forty-three Lhouse
of the voters of the people, as "a tyran ni
usurpation," and ua negro oligarchy," <
signed to crush out white meu; and tt
stigmatized its loyal supporters as "thlei
and robbers," and passed a general sentet
of outlawry upon every Republican, withe
regard to character. The seed thus scatter
broadcast from the rostrum, the pulpit and t
press, soon produced a terrible harvest. Tl
Republicans were the victims of frequent mi
ders, both open and secret, could not be i
counted for on any known theory of mere <
incidences. It soon became evident that the
waa "method" lu this "madness,!? and tha
large mass of the whites, obeying the "bloc
instructions" of their political leaders, we
engaged In a concerted effort to suppress B
publlcanlsm In the State, by murdering Rept
Keans, white tfnd colored, solely because
their political opinions. I endeavored to che
this system of violence and terrorism by i
energetic use of tbe State constabulary, ai
other civil agencies at my disposal. In thli
measurably succeeded fora lime, althoiif
the alleged criminals were Invariably balle
or escaped punishment through Jurors In a
cord with them in political sentiment.
Just previous to the general State election i
October last, there was a comparative lull 1
these outrages. The opposition party, In thi
election, was again defeated by an immeni
majority. That defeat aroused the fiercest hal
in the breasts ot their leading men again
every loyal man lu the itate, and; through the
efforts, the most perfect cohesion waa give
to the disloyal elements in the upper countlei
where there was an approach to a numeric)
equality between the two parties.
in November following the election, a prom
nent citizen of the State, an active and recoj
nlzed leader of the opposition party, used th
following language, in an address delivered I
this city to the Confederate Survivor's' Assoc:
atlon:
"Defeated on the battle field, defrauded at tb
ballot-box, we have but one remedy l The das
ger, that waa made illustrious in the banda c
ru tus, must, In the daylight and in the dari
cut Its way to the hearts of the miscreants wh
now misrule our native State "
That thia language was used on that occa
sion by the person referred to I have the tes
tlmony ot gentlemen of the highest respecta
billi y who heard it. Scarcely less Incendiar:
waa the tone of the opposition newspaper
throughout the State, as the following ex
tracts from their editorials ot that period clear
ly demonstrate, and fasten upon them mucl
of the reponBlbliity for the baleful consequen
ces that ensued:
' "Remember that we are tbe white people,
and that they are the negro; that they hav<
chosen their ground and arrayed themselves
against, ua with a determination and hate wtiid
are unmistakable, and that our policy la to lei
them alone and take care of ourselves. But wt
must have organization, not politically, be ti re?
membered, an t the views below are worth con?
sideration. Let us have a thorough understand?
ing and a union or the whole white people of the
state, not forgetting, either, the worthy excep?
tions among the negroes who have . identified
themselves with us, or any others who may see
flt to cast their lines in with us."-.veurberry
Herald, November 3, 1870.
"The time for temporizing, argument and con?
ciliation, ls passed; we shall have no moro of ic.
A straight' and aevere line must be draVn be?
tween the races. The colored people : ave chosen
their ground with the advt e of the ringleaders,
and i hey must follow lt out without aid or aym
pathy from their former wh te friends. The white
people have the power and the br .ins aud the de
-erminatlon to hold meir own and protect them?
selves, and they wdl do so. The negroes have fol?
lowed their devices one t me too many, and now
let them look to o:her- for hel#\ asststai.ee and
?ympathy."-Darlington Democrat, Nov, 3, 1870.
" ?ve understand, theiefore, and accept the soild
ble<* vote cast against the nominees of the Re?
form party aa a declaration of war by the negro
race against the white race, by Ignorance against
intelligence, by poverty against actual or poten
t al wealth. This Issue we have striven to avo d,
but the negroes will have nothing else. They will
not allow us to wo:k with them; we must, If nec?
essary, work against them, conciliation, argu?
ment, persuasion-all have been worse thau use
lew. The white people stand alone. Ana they
must organize themselves and arm themselves,
not as 'a white man's party,' but because the past
and present prove that decency, purity and polit?
est fieedom, as wei as the [reservation of so?
ciety, are identical with the Interesta of the white
people or the -tate."
[Charleston Daily News, Nov. 7,1870.
I shall not multiply these evidences from
the opposition press, but cannot refrain from
utterig a reflection that their candid adnjis
Bions forcibly suggest.
Ih view of this condition of affairs, the State
capital was thronged by refugee Republicans,
and in the monti.s ol January and February
last 1 was earnestly urged by many loyal men;
including numerous members of ihe General
Assembly, to call out the militia and declare
martial law over (hose counties where these
acts of lawless violence were being performed.
This I refused to do, for reasons which I then
thought, and still think, were Judicious and
proper. I had at my disposal but a compara
lively small mi.llia loree, composed nearly al?
together of colored men, as this class alone,
with but few exceptions, had offered them?
selves "for enrolment and organization, and
they alone could be Mied on as loyal citizens.
As an evidence of this r/nct, I would slate
that a captain of a militia company, com?
posed of white men in this city, having ap?
plied to me for ammunition, I a>ked him if he
would obey my orders as commander in-chief,
In the event of aa armed collision ari.-ing
irom an attempt to enfore the laws, to which
he frankly replied : "In case of difficulty, I
will go with my race." He was told that it
was not a question of race, but a question ol
enforcement of ihe laws against those who
proposed to set them at defiance. The militia
were, for the mo-t part, undisciplined and un?
skilled In the use ol anns, for tuey were rear?
ed uuder a system of law which even forbade
their having a tire-arm in their possession. I
was convinced that If put into the field they
would have been Instantly confronted and at?
tacked by a large body of veteran soldiery,
well organized, and equipped with the most
improved arms, and forming a part ot a vast
organization extending through adjacent
Slates, with which they had easy lines of com- i
nunlcatlon. Ia suca a conflict lc was e
bat tee militia would have been be
..liher driven baek or slaughtered. I
?vent, I teared a general retaliation,
would have speedily made the entire Sti
iheatre of au internecine war.
Bur, supposing the militia successful i
i conflict, the opposition papers and thc
elated Pres? agents In this State wooli
proclaimed to the country that the Sn
ministration had, for a political purpose
pirated a ''war ol races," and even loyt
sf both parties In the North, who have n
pathy with the perpetrators of these une
crimes, would have been led to believ
the contest here was one between the 1
md the white man," instead of being, a
an issue between the loyal friends ol th
eminent and its disloyal enemies.
Such an Impression in the country?
have had a peculiarly disastrous eflcc
the future of the colored population tin
out the entire South.
In addition to these considerate
thought, aud still think;, that it was the
mount duty of the Government of the I
Sutes to protect its loyal citizens In the
ment of "life, liberty and the pursuit ol
piness."
The negro was a slave by virtue of the
BtilutloD of the United States. By the
ernment of the United States be was et
pated and made a free. American citizen
Government of the United States is,
fore, morally bound to protect him In tl
exercise of his vested rights, and. If ne<
to educate him to exercise those rights u
standingly, for he was kept In ignorance
suant to Its laws. If the Government o
United States, falls, when necessary, t
charge this duty, then emancipation v
political crime, and the negro is left to be
Che obedient tool or wretched victime
dislova! enemies of the government, a
Buffer ontrages because he is its friend. !
over, I viewed the nae of the military ft
execution of the laws with extreme r
nance, and required that the civil authc
should first exhaust their powers throug
posse comitatus. In the following lettei
dressed to the sheriff of Fairfield County
published for the Information and guldan
peace officers in other counties. I enji
upon the local magistrates and peace o?
of that county to act with vigor, and,
hazards, to bring these criminals to justit
least such of them as were known, and w
there was proper evidence on which a wa
could Issue:
"STATS OP SOUTH CAROLINA,
"fcXBCOTIVE Dr.PAKTMEST,
"COLUMBIA, May 2d, 187
"To the Sheriff of 'Fairfield County :
"SIR-I have been credibly Informed by a :
ber of rlttzeus of Fairfield County, aa well i
your own official communication, that o
u'ght of the 29th ultimo, a bedy or armed me
disguise, rode into the Town of Winusboro'
Left at the honses or several county office
written paper, In which they were comm J
to resign, and threatened with violence ir
failed to obey. As you are the etiler exectlve
cer or the county, lt ls roar duty to ta' e n
ure? to ascertain and bring to Justice these n
ei violators or the public peace, and. tor this
pose, you shall promptly invoke all the resot
which the law places at your disposal, li
last resort, should the ordinary service of pr<
prove inad?quate to make the necessary arr
by reason or any armed combination, you
call out the posse comitatus; which call, I
no doubt, win be responded to by au good
zens. In all cases ot this character, w
citizens are put la terror by armed band
lawless men, it 1B expected tsat tue
cal authorities should exhaust all 1
resources to give adequate protection to ure
ptoperty, before the State Executive can proi
intervene by extraordinary exhibitions of fi
hitherto unknown to the administration of
laws In civilized communities. The failure of
proper county officers to exert their utmost
lance to detect, and their most vigorous effor
bring to puni-hment, all dlstu bersof the pe
will be deemed evidence ot their flagrant nef
of duty or gt oss Inefficiency, lt ls a grave reprt
to the people of Winnsboro'. that a band or
disguised horsemen should have been perml
to feater their town, and occupy lt fer sev
hours, with the declared parp?se or pattin
terror, or lt.-Uleling violence apon, the sworn j
Ile officers of the county.
"In this connection, lt ls preper that I shi
call your attention to the recant act or Congr
which makes all citizens who are privy to
sets or organlZ"d violence, and fall to give
Info rmation In their possession that may lea
the arrest of the perpetrators, particeps crim
In their guilt
"Very respectfully,
(Signed) "ROBSBT K SCOTT, Governor,
The officers did not act, being either p :
lyzed by fear or in sympathy with the erl
sale. In common, with many others,
loyal men among them seemed to regard t
is a purely personal government, and to
peet that the Executive should discharge
lutles of all the departments of the State.
At this juncture I determined to mak
anal effort i o restore public order with
military force, and I therefore Invited pro;
sent citizens of the disaffected section t
conference with me at the capital. TI
were all recognized leaders of the oppoBltA
tod of acknowledged influence in their
ipectlve counties. I had hoped much fr
heir co-operation in the interest ol law a
order Which they professed to advocate, kne
hg, as I did, that the masses of the whites
his State would, from the mere- force ot f
mer discipline, heed their admonitions. T
conference was held. All of these gentlem
leprecated acts of violence, but denied the <
.s te nee of the Ku-Klux organization IR. SOI
karolina, while some of them indirectly eoug
lo extenuate acts of violence, that they coi
not well deny, by referrlog them to what th
were falsely pleased to term "negro rule."
They alleged numerous acts of incendiarle
ay negroes, which allegations, derived frc
the opposition press, and often repeated, ba
reen proved base labrlcatlocs, in the mai
lesioned to offset or palliate the burning
school-houses erected for the Instruction
colored children.
These gentlemen, however, promised n
their coop?rai lon to the end in view, and
relieved them. I am .not advised that at
effort was made to fulfil those promises. Ce
talnly they effected nothing. Having exhaus
id all the civil power under my control to su
.orees this Insurrection against the constitute
iuthorlt lea, I made application. In accordant
with the Constitution of the United States, i
the National Government lo protect the Stai
'against domestic violence.'7
The magnitude of this organized system <
crime was made apparent to Congress, tb
evidence In the possession of the governmer
thowiiig that the Ku-Klux bands, in Sout
karolina, were "but parts of a stiipendou
?vhole," having a broader scope than the rt
iress ot a mere local grievance. Congres:
.by appropriate legislation," having groote
he necessary powers, his Excellency the Pre?
dent of the United States, on the 17th day c
Dctober, 1871, suspended the writ ol habea
corpus in the Couutles of Spartanburg, York
Marlon, Chester, Laurens, Newberry, Fairfield
Lancaster and Chesterfield.
The County of Marlon was subs?quent Iv ex
cepted from this Hst, and the County of Unloi
rery propel ly substituted therefor-Marioi
laving been originally embraced, Instead o
LTniou, In the first proclamation ot the Presl
lent, through a clerical error.
An adequate force ol United States troops ii
low in the State, and, under thc direction o
tn energetic and discreet commanding officer
hey are actively engaged IU arresting the Ku
Klux criminals wherever legal testimony o
ruilt ls furnished.
Many persons of the suspected class have
.lea from the upper counties, while at the
same time protesilngtheir innocence of crime.
Flight from arrest by officers of the law ls noi
generally regarded os furnishing a very strong
legal presumption of Innocence, lt would bt
Tar belter, however, for the State, that all ol
this class should abandon lt forever, than thal
sven one Industrious laborer should be mur?
dered or driven away from the pursuits ot
useful industry. The former are usually
irones In the human hive, while upon the
products of the tolling mass repose the whole
wealth and prosperity of the State.
I am officially ioformed that thus far about
six hundred arrests have been made in this
State, under the act of Congress. The per?
sons arrested, and now. for the most part,
held for trial, represent almost every class in
society, from the humble laborer and small
fariner to the wealthy planter and practicing
physician and lawyer.
I have endeavored to be historically exact
In recording what must, pass.imo history as a
reproach to American civilization, and ls now
known of all men as the shame ot the Stale.
Il presents the most extraordinary spectacle of
i complete collapse from civilization into
barbarism known lu the annals ot minkind;
surpassing in Its actroclty the "Thugism" ol'
india, for the Thug spares woman and tho
aged, but the Ku Klux exempts none from his
vengeance, in his effort to strangle Republi?
canism. Itany impartial man, jealous of the
honor of his kind, hesitates to believe 6uch
things possible lu a civilized community, let
him visit the Jail in this city. He will there
Und scores of the veritable actors in the.se
leeds of blood, many of whom have volun?
tarily coufess^d their crimes as Ku-Klux, these
la it beiHgpnor, deluded men, to whom I trust
the ui most clemency of theNutional Executive
will be exteuded, for they are but the blluded
rictims of their cultivated leaders.
Some of them, but recently, showed or ol?
fered to show, their scarred backs to a distin?
guished United states senator from Bhode
Island, (Mr. Sprague,) they having been lash?
ed by order of officers of their own klan, be
Cause, when ordered to shoot men marked ;
murder, they had, out of natural pity, "01
whipped" the Intended victims.
Those who, with an air of Indlgnition, a
with a well-affected concern for constltutloi
liberty and "Stale sovereignty," demand w
has caused the military Intervention of t
United States In the affairs of the Stale, m
be Justly referred to the Ku Klux, and their <
ganlzera and alders and abettors, lor th<
answer.
In the foregoing remark', I have relucfani
used political designations, comrury to wha'
deem a proper custom In a message of t
Chief Magistrate of the Slate, who, in his i
Acial capacity, should know no party. But
found this unavoidable, in treating ol the
great crimes, that sprami solely from politic
causes. Nor can I regard men loyal to ll
. government who set its laws at defiance, ai
use every means in their power to destroy I
existence.
The Taxpayers' Convention.
In the month of May last a highly respect
ble body of citizens, styling themselves "Tl
Taxpayers' Convention," assembled at li
State capital for the ostensible purpose of m
king inquisition.into the financial adminlstr
Hon of ihe State. They were furnished evei
facility to prosecute their proposed investlg
tion, and me books, records and papers of tl
several bureaus in the Executive de part mei
were unreservedly laid open to their Inspe
tion. The result of this investigation, pros
cuted with great diligence, was ihat they gai
a reluctant confirmation, In the malu, to tl
officiai debt statement, which they bad pri
clpally assembled to discredit.
Having been requested by ihe conventlo
through its committee, to extend the time fi
the payment of the taxe? in the cases of tho
to whom lt was not expedient to pay, or wt
could not make payment within the prescrl
cd period. I Informed them that the tax bool
would be opened In November fdr the recei|
of taxes, but in cases where parties are unab
to pay, or could not pay without a sacrifice,
would extend the time to March (ho ls
without the delinquent penally attachln,
Pursuant to my promise, I have directed tl
proper officers to grant an extension In evei
sucn case that may be certified to them by tl
person, asking lt.
MinorMy Representation..
The subject of minority representation engag)
the earnest attention of the " Taxpayers' co
vention," and they preeented many cogent re
sons for its immediate adoption Into the electl*
system of this Mate. In accordance with, u
promise ta them, I present this Important matti
for your gravest consideration.
1 recognize the principle of minority represei
tatton os both wise and just. It seen res to tl
several paitv divisions in the State a direct at
froportional representation in its admlnlstratio:
t thus Institutes a check and balance against tai
Injudicious or oppressive exercise of power that
too ant to ensue where Its undivided possession
held by a large party maj >rlty. The advanragi
of the system have been recently exemplified j
practice at elections In Kngland and In tte Stat'
Of Pennsylvania and Illinois. In those State
however, citizens divide inf* parties upon que
tlons merely affecting the State or National pol
clea, and ihey seek only by.legltlmate means i
elevate to power the exponents of their view
There no man'a party affiliation furnishes any Jui
presumption*against his loyalty to his countr,
and no citizen who ts loyal ls, for that cause, sui
jec ed to the hazarda of murder.exile and tr
lash, or the certainty of public abd social pn
seri pt ion.
Here, on the contrary, the minority are orgai
(zed upon a basis which practically calla In que
tion t e very principles and the lundamenti
law upon which the state and National Gov. n
menes repose.
The end Bought by the proposed aystem coul
long since have been practically accomplish*
but for the bitter spirit of In tolerance engender?
and'rostered by party leaden or the oppositlo
among their followers.
I have been at all times ready, as ie well know?
le co-operate with all moderate men, without n
gard to party am la l ms, iq securing the electln
to public office of those only who were worth
and well qualified. Hy own course la this regar
ha** not only been Illustrate'! by the Executive a]
polntments, but by the personal aid that J hav
invariably extended to elevate to public posttlo
those native whites who, al hough c assed at th
time with the opposition, were gentlemen <
character and intelligence, and fair and ternpei
ate in their political views. In proof of this I li
stance, with great gratification, Chief Jostle
Moses, and Circuit Judges J. L. Orr, Oreen, He
ton, Gr.iham and Farmer-the laat an ad interlt
Executive appointment-to whoae elevation t
the bench 1 gave my cordial support. These gee
tie.i.en were all trusted and honored under th
ancient regime, and will compare favorably, ti
point of personal character and capacity, wit
anv citizen of tho State.
f submit, however, for yonr deliberate coo
si de ra tion, whether the men who are now dc
mandlng the establishment by law of the systen
or minority representation are entitled to tbl
act of magnanimity at your bands. It ls for yo
to determine whether the ilse of policy pursue,
by them, before and since the adjournment or th
Taxpayers' Convention, tends to commend th
speedy adoption by -eu or an elective system
which roust largely increase the number of thos
In the General Assembly who are hostile to ou
system of free government.
Free Common Schools.
The State superintendent of education state
that he had hopea to be able to submit, in a ral
and complete form, his third annual repot?, bu
found several of the annual reports of the count;
school commissioners so Inexcusably defective
that be was compelled to return them for corree
tion, and, on '.his account*" the completion of hi
report has been unavoidably delayed.
The following general statements are pre
sented :
The scholastic population of the State, as show:
by tue census of?1669, ls as follow*:
White males.40,95i
Colored malea. fi8,77l
Total malea.,. 99,731
White females. .41,2?
Colored females. 66,20'
Total females. 97,441
Total white.t..8349?
Total colo; eds..'.114 PS;
Total scholastic population, 1869.197,1W
The returns of this year will show a scholastic
population amounting, lc the aggregate, to more
than 200.000.
The whole number of pnplls attending thc free
common schools of the state, for the scholastic
year 1871,18 about 67,093.
The whole number of fiee common schools in
the sute ts 1S39.
The whole number of school districts in the State
is 462.
The free common schools throughout the State
are kept open about six months in the year.
Tne whole number of teachers employed in the
public schools Is as fellows :
Malea.-.1,160
Females./. 70S
Total.1,8M
The average salary paid to teachers ls $33 per
month.
The following ls an exhibit or the school runda
or the state for the fiscal year-ending October 31,
1871 :
Regu'ar legislative appropriation.$}60,ooo
Amount or poll tax collected, estimat?
ed at. 60,000
Deficiency appropriation.r... 4u, ooo
Total.;.iv* 1,000
A majority or the school districts ju the u. tte
have voted a school tax, but the superintendent
has no means of ascertaining the aggregate
amount.
There ls evidently a great lack of Interest In the
cause of free common s hool education, and lt
ls hoped that some -Tactical and simple plan for
raising a school revenue, by means of b cai taxa?
tion, will be speedily devised, and that the people
li terested in the general results -or education,
will, through their personal Influence, aid in ex?
tending means. A reasonable degree of progress,
taking Into du- c .usld- ration the adversities and
d i nv'u. ties encountered, has been acme ved in the
educational w rk during the scholastic year. The
school attendance for the year 1871 m re than
doublea that of 1870. The "school law," though
not faultless, will net rail to produce very favora?
ble results if it be properly enfo ced, and the
superintendent testifies that the people are grad?
ually acquiring an Interest in the cause or public
schools.
it will be noticed that $35 per month bas been
paid to teachers,male and t?male, throughout the
state. 1 am surprised at the high average of
compensation paid for this servie,as'lt la well
known that the qualifications of a large portion
or these teachers would n .t enable them to earn
over one-thtrd of the pay now received in any
other vocation they might adopt. It is the duty
of the General Assembly to Interpose in the ex?
penditure of the appropriation for this purpose,
and while advancing the means of education,
limit the amount paid teachers to such a com?
pensation a- their set vices would legitimately
command. In thc nigher grades sf sch;ol9 in
our towns and cities thc teachers who can HU the
situations are entitled to compensation in pro?
portion to their quanti, a'ions; but in the c .umry
scion's lt i* a well known fact that the teachers
generally employed can do but 'if ie more th.tn
impart the rudiments of a commun sch ol educa?
tion, and yet they receive the pay or first-class
teachers; trils extravagance in disbursing the ap?
propriations for schools ls one or the principal
causes that embarrasses the superinten tent of
education.
In no portion ol the United States are school
teachers regarded as a beneficiaries of the sra e,
but they adopt the vocat on as a means of gain?
ing a 1 veilhood, and In country pisces the cost or
livia.- is a mere trifle, and the compensation ls
propor'lonabiy reduced. The same rule stouid
oe adopted here that prevails lu other sections of
the country, and school commissioners should
give tils their attention, for, to my personal
knowledge, very large and extravagant claima
for the aervlces or teachers have been favorably
acted 'upon by the Legislature, whereas the
parties making the claims could not have earned
twenty five per cent, of the compens?t.on de?
manded, thus robbing the chddren who needed
the benefit of the appropriation for educational
purposes. I trust this matter will engage your
earnest attention, es lt most be patent to every
member of the Legislature that the foregoing ls
no exaggerated statement of the waste of public
school f?nde.
I would iurther recommend that yon memorial?
ize Congress, through our representatives, on the
adoption of a national ay-tem of education, anti
more especially on the subject of contrlbulng
means towards the education of that elisa ofchll
dren of the southern states who have been hlth
erto deprived of the means of education la pur?
suance of the constitution and laws of the State
aud nation. At the close of the recent rebellion
th se he'd In slavery were turned loose upon the
world with neither ?ducation or even houses to
sh -Uer them, but were left to the mercy of those
who had but recently held them In bondage. It
could scarcely be expected that assistance would
voluntarily be rendered them by those who felt
that a great wrong had been Inflicted on them?
selves by the loss of thia class of legal property.
They have, therefore, before them years or strug?
gling and hardship before they can, unaided,
succee I In educating their children and prepare
them for the duties of citlz - nshtp. A national
system of education, supported by the General
Government, would secure equal advantagea to
all classes of children.
The Lunatic Asylum,
The report of the board of regents of the Luna?
tic Asylum, including the annual report or the
.superintendent and physician, communicates
much valuable and Interesting information In re?
lation to this important ioetltutlon. And the val?
uable suggestions of the superintendent are
earnestly recommended to the attention cr the
Legislature. The regents apeak or the superintend
entjur. Ensor.) as having, during the past year, er?
ected many long needed reforms in the affairs or
the Asylum, and, by bis Intelligent and untiring
exertions, made very decMed Improvements In its
various departments, and tbua contributed large?
ly to the comfort of his unfortunate charge.
The various statistical tables referring to the
operations and condition or the Asylum are fall
and satisfactory The number of pailents admit?
ted during the year was 126, of which 71 were males
and 64 females. The number of patients In the
Asylam October 3L 18T1, was 870: whites 295, col?
orea 75, 185 malea and 187 females, of whom 30
were discharged cored, io Improved, 3 unimprov?
ed, and 82 died. The supposed eames of Insanity
of the patients admitted during the year was:
Hereditary 12, eptleoay io, consumption 6, intem?
perance 5, domesuJ trouble 5, ch ld-blrth 5, con
genital 6, masturbation 4, typhoid fever 3, menen
gills 2, eating opium 2, Injuries to head 2, uterine
diseases 2, softening or the brain 2, hepatic de
rangement 2, heart disease 2, and there were one
each of syphilis, influence of puberty, exposare lu
the army, malarious poisoning, cancer, preg?
nancy, suspension ot men's-s, bad health..un?
known. The form or Insanity in patients admit
te I daring the year wa .: Acute mania is, chronic
mania ll, puerp> ral manta 5, dementia 20. Imbe?
cility ll. epilepsy ll, melancholia 14. Idiocy 7. de-,
lusloaal insanity 20, monomania 2, hysterical ma?
nia 3, dy pon?anla I. .
A larger nuinbtr of patients have been admitted
than lu any previous year, and the whole number
nuder treatment dating the year was greater
than ever before.
The receipts of the Asylum have been
from patients.$ 9,824 78
From tte state treasurer. 84,ooo oo
$43.824 78
Indebtedness or the institution,- on ac?
count ot this year's transactions....$21,271 48
With this brier r?snm? I most refer you to the
repor s of the b ard or regents and superinten?
dent for a more detailed statement or the affairs
or the Asylum. Some Important sngge>tlons have
been made, which space does not permit me to
notice at length. I must say, however, In pro?
viding the necessary approprUfons to extend the
usefulness o' this humane Institution, as recom?
menced by its officer.', I reel tc mw duty to caution
you against making more liberal appropriations
than the income of the State at present j usuries.
The South Carolina Penitentiary.
The board or directors or the Sooth Caro?
lina Penitentiary furnishes the annual .re?
port of the superintendent of the institution,
with its accompanying exnlbits, showing folly
and satisfactorily lu practical workings. I
re ret that the late boar at which lt was fur?
nished precludes a more exhaust.ve analysis of
its co-J teats, which throw mach light on the
workings of this lastttu'ion, so Important, not
only to the material in te'esta of the State, but to
the moral and Industrial interests of its Inmates.
I eau do but niue more than refer you to this re?
port, and ca 1 your attention to Its recommenda?
tions.
The expenditures of the Penitentiary for the
year ending October 15, 1870, for ali purposes,
amounted to $104.134 02, and the value of work
done and manufactured articles produced to
$98.626 02, which leaves $5558 as the actual cost
to the State of Ita Penitentiary- in exhibit which
reflects mach credit, upon the superintendent and
board of d rectors for the emcieflc management
ol the Institution, as well as to their subordi?
nates for the skill and zeal with which they have
directed their labors. .
On the 16th day of October, 1870, the Peni?
tentiary contained.inmates. .817
Received under sentence since.:.231
Recaptu.ed.. 9
Total during the year.667
From which were discharged by expira?
tion or sentence.99
Pardoned..-..163
Died. 13
Escaped. 18-218
Number cow in confinement.309
Whereof 301 are males, and 8 females. Two of the
latter bave each a child, one of which waa born a '
short time after the mvther'a arrival. The evils
adverted to in-the superintendent's last report, of
imprisoning women in a penal institution unpro?
vided with facilities and conveniences necessary
for aa absolute, separation or the %exes, are still
unabated, and lt ls earnestly hoped that they may
be provided for in some appropriate asylum.
The estimates accompanying the superintend?
ent's report, which he claims will admit of no
abatement, for salaries materials, clothing, to.,
aggregates la the neighborhood of'$130,000. in
addition to which there ls an actual deficiency of
$17,457, the items and the necessity for the ex?
penditure of which are explained. The erection
of permanent workshops ls of imperative neats
slty for the welfare and trae prosperity or the in?
stitution. The time ls rapld'y approaching when
the unskilled labor, now utilized, most be dis?
pensed with, and the loree now so employed will
nave to be otherwise occupied, by gradually in?
structing them In tbe mechante arts appropriate
to an institution of this kind; and, li provision is
not made In time for teaching . tte Inmates these
Industries, mach loss will be lncarred by the
State, and disease and demoralization result to
the convicts.
lt will be seen from the above table that one
hundred and flrty-three (153) convicts have been
pardoned during the past year. Of these eighty
five were pardoned on the recommends' '."ns of
presiding judges and the petitions or nur-???? us ,
good citizens or the counties In which they e
convicted, and sixty-eight, when within a r
days or the* expiration of their sentences, .jr
good conduct.
Very harsh criticism has been Indulged regard
lng an alleged t-xcesslve use of the pardoning
power.. This criticism is unwarranted. and leaves
out or view the causes that have invited and jus?
tified the exercise or the Executive clemency. In
many cases unimpeachable testimony, now of
record in the Executive department, has clearly
shown that their conviction was contrary to the
evidence and due to polltleal prejudice; and, in
ethers, that the witnesses were In conspiracy to
effect the conviction or the accused; while a still
larger number were convicted or such minor
offences as did hot appear to me to warrant their
imprisonment in the Penitemtl iry for any'great
length of time. Aa an instance of the last-named
cla.-s, I cite the casa of a convict who was sen?
tenced to a term or eighteen (18) mont's1 Impris?
onment la the Penitentiary for stealing a few
ears or corn, amounting to less than a peck, front
the reed-box of his employer's horses. The cur?
rent statement, that pardons have been granted
by me In a spirit or partisanship, discriminating
la favor or colored convicts, ls not true. I have
granted as many pardons to white as I have to
colored con vic's, la proportion to the r respective
numbers. During the past year 1 have granted
bnt two pardons to homicides, and both or these
convicts were white men, one from camden and
the other from Charlearon, and, In both cases, the
victims of the homicides were colored.
The whole number of pardons granted by me
.does not exceed the number granted by my pre?
decessors, for the same period, when compared
with the nnmber or convictions. Moreover, under
previous administrations, the penalty for petty
'offences were not as severe as they are now, there
being then no penitentiary system or Imprison?
ment at hard labor.
Quarantine,
The report or Dr. Robert Lebby, health officer
for the port of Charleston, refers officially to the
presence of yellow rever in the city during the
past season. He claims that the rigid and suc?
cessful execution or the quarantine act or 1868,
in tue harbor or Charleston and on the sea?
coast line or South Carolina, has prevented
the introduction or yellow fever into the
cities and towns of this State by Impor?
tation; and, while Charleston has severely suf?
fered from epidemic yellow fever, and a type of
the same fever, to a limited extent, appeared la
Beaufort, there ls no evldi nee whatever to ludace
the belier that the disease was Introduced by im?
portation, but that it was dependent entirely
upon local causes. The disease has been very
ratal on unaccllrr.at si person-, especially the
German population. The colored population bas
suffered more than in any other epidemic form of
fever that has appeared in Charleston for thirty
years, ir this form ot fever has been Imported,
lt certainly was not by vessels or across the bar
or Charleston.
Among the quarantine acts -requiring legisla?
tive amendment, Dr. Lebby forcibly recommends
the exclusion of dead bodies 01 persons brought
from Northern cities for in erment, between the
lat day or Hay and sut day or October. The
same restrictions that are pla 'ed upon vessels
should apply to expr?s * and railroad companies.
Dr. - Lebby's recommendation on subjects con?
nected with bis departments are entitled to much
weight, and I respectfully submit them to your
consideration.
Legislative provision, ls recommended for quar?
antine protection for the rivera emptvlng into ?st.
Helena Sound, and also for a protection from the
Infection of small-pox. now extensively prevail?
ing in the port of Philadelphia. An appropriation
Is asked for the keeper's salary and the repairs or
the Lazaretto.
Library and Capitol Building.
I call your attention to the recommendations of
the State librarian, who has charge of the capitol
and grounds, many of which are Important, such
aa tue required repaire of the roof of the capitol,
and fencing of the grounds. I must say, however,
m all matters that relate to appropriations i&at
are of no immediate necessity, the expend nure7 of
public money should be avoided.
Fertilizers.
The report of the Inspector of guanos and fer?
tilizers shows a largely Increased production ef
phosphattc manures, and largely expanded facili?
ties for collecting them. The total production of
phosphate beds of South Carol na, for the year,
both land and river, has been forty-five thousand
tona, and during the same period Bf teen thousand
tons of commercial fertilizers bave been manu?
factured In Charleston. The demand for phos?
phattc rock baa increased in foreign markets, but
at home, m consequence of tbe di min shed dometw
tic consumption, has, at beat, remained station**
ary. The inspector states that the advance to?
wards a higher standard m quail:/ sun coat mues,
and his laboratory has been equipped with a
complete outfit of apparatus, chemicals and speci?
mens, drawn from the best European and Ameri?
can 80urc s, and sufficient for investigation in all
departments of analytic chemistry.
State Orphan Asylum.
The late hoar at which the report of the board j
of trustees of the State Orpban Asylum, at
Charleston, waa received, renders lt Impossible I
for me to do more than call the attention of the
General Assembly to Ita recommendations and
suggestions. Thia institution la deserving of the
fostering care of the State, aa lt shelters and pro
videa for large number of orphans, who would
otherwise be left on tbe cold charities, of the
world, to become victims of vice and immorality.
*. The Blue Ridge Railroad.
Thia road, in which both the State and the' City
of Charleston bas had BO large an interest li
stock, has been the snbject of anxiety on the part
of both the Legislature and the people. Tte de?
preciation in the State finances has render** I the
bonds endorsed by the State almost vale, ?AB, so
far as the State guarantee was concerned. After
consulting many prominent business men, who
favored the plan, I recommended to the sinking
fund commission the propriety of dispcalng of the
State stock :o a private corporation, which pro?
ject waa carried Into effect on the 22d day of July
last, the new company agreeing to pay all float?
ing debts of the road, together with one dollar per
share to the state for the stock, and fifty theuaand
dollars to the State on the completion of thajoad,
the whole to be completed within Ave years. It
la a well esuollabed fact that public enterprises
can be managed more economically by a private
c t'poratlon than by a commonwealth, is, la the
" .ter case, such enterprises are at all times sub?
ject to the baleful influence of politic-, I believe
this company will complete the road la accordance
With their agreement.
Klee! lon Law.
I mast arge on the General Assembly the neces?
sity of making some changes ta the election law,
in order to close the door against the charge of
offering opportunity for the practice of fraud, in
giving ao long a period between receiving .the bal
Kots and the time for counting them. The ballot
lox should be carefully guarded in every respect,
aa m Its parity rests the foundation of Republican J
institutions and the liberties of the people. ^
Centennial Celebration or the I ndepetx. '
dence ot the T/alted S ta ?es.
I respectfully submit for appropriate actlen the
following document, from the Governor of Penn?
sylvania, in reference to the commemoration, at
Philadelphia, la the year 1876, of the centennial
anniversary of the Independence of t??e United
States:
"ExsctrrrvB CH i BER,
"HxaaiBBDso. Pam, March 29, ?87L
"To His Excellency Booen JC Scoff, Governor of
South Carolina.:
"DEAR SIR :-Permit meto Invite your attention
to toe following Joint resolution of the General
Assembly of Pennsylvania, approved March 8,
1871, to Wit :
...That the Governor, and three persona ap?
pointed by him, Wm. A. Wallace and James H.
Webb, speakers of the Senate and House, with
three members of each branch of the Legislature,
to be appointed by the speakers or the Senate and
House respectively, shall be a committee of the
State of Pennsylvania, to co-operate with com?
mittees from other states and local committees
upon the subject of the centennial celebration, at
Philadelphia, In the year one thousand eight hun?
dred and seventy-six, said committee to stand
until tnat time, and to report at each intervening
Legislature, and make such suggestions and
recommendations, from time to time, to the
alslature, aa they may think proper a-Jd ex?
tent in reference to aald centennial celebra?
tion.'
"One of the moat prominent objects of thia reso?
lution la to perfect the necessary prelim mary or?
ganization ai die earliest practicable date, and to
gather all necessary information and material to
facilitate the operations of the United States
board of commissioners, to be appointed by the
President af the United states, upon the recom?
mendation of the Governors of the different States
and Territories, la accordante with an act or Con?
gress "to provide for celeb ra ting the one hand re th
anniversary of American Independence, by hold?
ing an International exhibition or arts, manufac?
tures and products of the sou and' minea, in the
City of Philadelphia, and State of renn sylvania,
in the year eighteen hundred and seventy-six.
"It ls desired and intended that thia centennial
celebration shall be the grandest affair that has
ever taken place, and lt u highly important that
every possible means shall be employed for the at?
tainment of that object. I therefore most respA
fUUT iequest and recommend that you direct toe
attention of your Legislature to the importance
of appointing a special committee, at Its earliest
convenience, to cooperate with 'the committee or
Pennsylvania, la conformity with the provisions
of the joint resolution or the General Assembly or
thia Commonwealth.
"Tery respectfully,
(Signed) J50. W. GEAR?."
I also invite your attention to the act of Con.
gross (Statutes at Large, vol. is. page 470,) on the
above subject. South Carolina being one of the
original states, lt la mr opinion that she should
be represented by a special committee.
Oonda aloa.
In conclusion, gentlemen of the General Assem?
bly, I desire to express my earnest hope that in
all your deliberations you win remember that the
only path or safety ls the path or duty.
I trust and believe that you will so legislate la
the interest or the whole people or the State as to
prove to the country at large that Republicanism
and good government la Sooth carolina are not,
as ls falsely alleged, lnoonatateat with each other.
BOBIBT K. SCOTT, Governor.
|Kang0, (Prgaie, &t. *
g?EGLINGr'S M TJ 8 I C STOTTET
(ESTABLISHED IN ISIS.)
Kow on hand, and for sale, a large and varied
assortment of PIANO FORTES, of approved good
makers, new and second-hand. Also CABINET
ORGANS and Musical Merchandise generally;
together, with the latest and mon fashionable
Music constantly receiving. PIANO FORTES to
Hire, Tuned, Repaired and taken in exchange.
Apply corner King and Beanfaln streets. In rear
or old stani third door. HUNKY SIEGLING.
nov26 imo
eijipjiing.
JP OB NS W Y OKS.
DEW YORK . A!fl> CHARLESTON
STEAMSHIP LINK.
ESTABLISHED 1845.
The very fast and splendid Side-Wheel Steam?
ship MANHATTAN, M. L. WOODHULL, Comman?
der, will rail fros Adder's South Wnarr on SAT?
URO AT, December 2d, at 8 o'clock, P. M.
jt?T* Insurance by thia line hair per cent.
ter Through Ellis or Lading given on easton to
Liverpool, Boston, Providence and the Kew Eng?
land mannfaoturing towns.
For Fre?r?", or Passage, having handsome Stat :
room accommodations, apply to
nov29-4 JAMES AuueiR A cu., Agents.
Rotels.
s
AXT ON HOUSE
BEAUFORT, S. C.
Thia House, situated on Bay street, commands
a fine view or
BEAUFORT RIVER,
and many or the Sea islands. The travelling
public will find here a desirable and
CONVENIENT HOME,
and the invalid will find no better or more health?
ful climate on the
SOUTHERN1 COAST
to spend the winter. The House ls within five
minutes' walk of Steamboat, and fifteen minutes
walk or Railroad communication. A good
LIVERY STABLE ,
J
has J nat been added to the House. ftp
Western Union Telegraph Office on first floor.
M. M. KING VAN,
nov22 Proprietor.