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Tuesday, October 30, 2012

Types of Counselling - Part 1

Counselling

Counselling is a special relationship built on
confidentiality, mutual respect and open communication, with the intention of
helping people to clarify and identify their problem areas and help them
independently find their own solutions. It is about empowering a person to make
their own decisions; it is notgiving
advice or offering sympathy.

The principle behind counselling is that it helps enormously
to share problems with a counsellor who is there toaccept you as you are listen andunderstand how things are for you .The counsellor is unbiased and there to offer
support and strength during emotional times. More importantly he/shecan help you unravel the reasons behind
issues such as depression, substance abuse and low self esteem, or come to
terms with childhood pain caused by bereavement or sexual abuse. Counselling is
a process during which you will come to know yourself, to understand why you
engage in the same destructive behavior or repeat the same patterns.It is a journey of self discovery which can
be painful and difficult, but the end result is a more fulfilling and
enlightened life.

In a typical session you would meet with your therapist to
decide whether counseling is what you need and also whether you feel you could
work together. If you are going to be able to share personal aspects of your
life with the counsellor it is important that you feel a connection and warmth
as well as trust and confidence with your councellor.After that you will make a contract to work
together for a number of sessionsto
ensure that you are getting what you need from your sessions.

Counselling is suitable for most people and most problems,
provided you really want to change your life and are willing to experience some
emotional turmoil along the way. Counselling is not suitable for people with
mental illness, whomay have different
needs and maybenefit frompsychiatrist or clinical psychologist.

Different Types of Counselling

There are many different forms of counselling, each with
different ideas about how the human psyche has developed and different ways of
working with issues. For example, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is concerned
with a client's behavior and the context in which this takes place, with a view
to learning the ways of acceptable behavior.Psychodynamic Therapy is more interested in the client's unconscious
thought processes and believes that childhood experience provides answers for
today's problems. Brief Solution Focused Therapy is ashort term therapy that concentrates on one
issue and tries to find ways of solving it, usually practicedfor work problems and relationship issues.
Humanistic counsellors place great importance on the relationship between
client and counsellor and believe in essentially thepositive nature of human life.

Art therapy is a
form of psychotherapy that uses art media as its primary mode of communication.
It is practised by qualified, registered Art Therapists who work with children,
young people, adults and seniors.Clients who can use art therapy may have a wide range of difficulties,
disabilities or diagnoses. These include, for example, emotional, behavioral or
mental health problems, learning or physical disabilities, life-limiting
conditions, brain-injury or neurological conditions and physical illness. Art
therapy may be provided for groups, or for individuals, depending on clients’
need.

Dance therapy, or dance movement therapy is the
psychotherapeutic use of movement and dance for emotional, cognitive, social,
behavioral and physical conditions. As a form of expressive therapy, DMT is
founded on the basis that body movements and emotions are directly related. The
ultimate purpose of DMT is to find a healthy balance and sense of wholeness.

Drama Therapyis the
use of theatre techniques to facilitate personal growth and promote mental
health. Drama therapy is used in a wide variety of settings, including
hospitals, schools, mental health centers, prisons, and businesses. Drama
Therapy, as a form of Expressive Arts Therapy, (also known as Expressive Therapy),
exists in many forms and can be applicable to individuals, couples, families,
and various groups.

Music therapy is an
allied health profession and one of the expressive therapies, consisting of an
interpersonal process in which a trained music therapist uses music and all of
its facets—physical, emotional, mental, social, aesthetic, and spiritual—to
help clients to improve or maintain their health. Music therapists primarily
help clients improve their health across various domains (e.g., cognitive functioning,
motor skills, emotional and affective development, behavior and social skills,
and quality of life) by using music experiences for exampleimprovisation, singing, songwriting,
listening to and discussing music, moving to music) to achieve treatment goals
and objectives. It is considered both an art and a science, with a qualitative
and quantitative research literature base incorporating areas such as clinical
therapy, biomusicology, musical acoustics, music theory, psychoacoustics,
embodied music cognition, aesthetics of music, and comparative musicology.
Referrals to music therapy services may be made by other health care
professionals such as physicians, psychologists, physical therapists, and
occupational therapists. Music therapists are found in nearly every area of the
helping professions. Some commonly found practices include developmental work
(communication, motor skills, etc.) forindividuals with special needs, songwriting and listening in reminiscence/orientation
work with the elderly,processing and
relaxation work, and rhythmic entrainment for physical rehabilitation in stroke
victims. Music therapy is also used in some medical hospitals, cancer centers,
schools, alcohol and drug recovery programs, psychiatric hospitals, and correctional
facilities.

Brief psychotherapy or Brief therapy is an umbrella term for
a variety of approaches to psychotherapy. It differs from other schools of
therapy in that it emphasizes on(1) a
focus on a specific problem and (2) utilize direct intervention. In brief
therapy, the therapist takes responsibility for working more pro-actively with
the client in order to treat clinical and subjective conditions faster. It also
emphasizes precise observation, utilization of natural resources, and temporary
suspension of disbelief to consider new perspectives and multiple viewpoints. Rather than the formal analysis of historical causes of
distress, the primary approach of brief therapy is to help the client to view
the present from a wider context and to utilize more functional understandings
( By becoming aware of these new understandings, successful clients will de
facto undergo spontaneous and generative change. Brief therapy is often highly strategic, exploratory, and
solution-based rather than problem-oriented. It is less concerned with how a
problem arose than with the current factors sustaining it and preventing
change. Brief therapists do not adhere to one "correct" approach, but
rather accept that there are many paths, any of which may or may not in combination
turn out to be ultimately beneficial.

Career counselling and career coaching are similar in nature
to traditional counselling. However, the focus is generally on issues such as
career exploration, career change, personal career development and other career
related issues. Typically when people come for career counselling they know
exactly what they want to get out of the process, but are unsure about how it
works. Career counselling is the process of helping the candidates
to select a course of study that may help them to get into job or make them
employable. A career counsellor helps candidates to get into a career that is
well suited to their aptitude, personality, interest and skills.It is the process of making an effective
correlation between the internal psychology of a candidate with the external
factors of employ ability and courses. Career counsellors work with people from various walks of
life, such as adolescents seeking to explore career options, or experienced
professionals contemplating a career change. Career counselors typically have a
background in vocational psychology or industrial/organizational psychology. The approach of career counselling varies, but will
generally include the completion of one or more assessments. These assessments
typically include cognitive ability tests, and personality assessments. Two
commonly used assessments are the Strong Interest Inventory and the MBTI.

Co-counsellingis a grassroots method of personal change
based on reciprocal peer counselling. It uses simple methods. Time is shared
equally and the essential requirement of the person taking their turn in the
role of counsellor is to do their best to listen and give their full attention
to the other person. It is not a discussion; the aim is to support the person
in the client role to work through their own issues in a mainly self-directed
way.