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Slide 1:

Organizational Behavior / Perception “ WE DON’T SEE THINGS AS THEY ARE, WE SEE THINGS AS WE ARE.”

Slide 2:

Organizational Behavior / Perception Perception
“ The study of perception is concerned with identifying the process
through which we interpret and organize sensory information to
produce our conscious experience of objects and object relationship.”
“ Perception is the process of receiving information about and making sense of the world around us. It involves deciding which information to notice, how to categorize this information and how to interpret it within the framework of existing knowledge.
“ A process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment.

The Perceptual Process :

Organizational Behavior / Perception The Perceptual Process Sensation
An individual’s ability to detect stimuli in the immediate environment.
Selection
The process a person uses to eliminate some of the stimuli that have been sensed and to retain others for further processing. Organization
The process of placing selected perceptual stimuli into a framework for “storage.”
Translation
The stage of the perceptual process at which stimuli are interpreted and given meaning.

Factors influencing perception :

Organizational Behavior / Perception Factors influencing perception A number of factors operate to shape and sometimes distort perception. These factors can reside in the perceiver, in the object or target being perceived or in the context of the situation in which the perception is made.

Perceptual organization :

Organizational Behavior / Perception Perceptual organization It is the process by which we group outside stimuli into recognizable and identifiable patterns and whole objects.
Certain factors are considered to be important contributors on assembling, organizing and categorizing information in the human brain. These are
Figure ground
Perceptual grouping

Figure-Ground Illustration :

Organizational Behavior / Perception Figure-Ground Illustration Field-ground differentiation
The tendency to distinguish and focus on a stimulus that is classified as figure as opposed to background.

Slide 9:

Organizational Behavior / Perception PERCEPTUAL GROUPING
Our tendency to group several individual stimuli into a meaningful and recognizable pattern.
It is very basic in nature and largely it seems to be inborn.
Some factors underlying grouping are
-continuity
-closure
-proximity
-similarity

Slide 12:

Organizational Behavior / Perception Distictiveness
Does this person
behave in
this manner
in other situation Yes
High
Consistency
No
Low
Consistency No
Low
Consensus
Yes
High
Consensus YES
Low
Distinctiveness
NO
High
Distinctiveness Consensus
Do other person
Behave in the
Same manner? Consistency
Does this person
behave
in this same
manner at other
times ? Internal
Attribution External
Attribution

Shortcuts in judging others :

Organizational Behavior / Perception Shortcuts in judging others Selective Perception :
People selectively interpret what they see on the basis of their interests, background, experience and attitudes.
Halo Effect :
Drawing a general impressions about an individual on the basis of a single charecteristics.

Slide 14:

Organizational Behavior / Perception Contrast Effect :
Evaluation of a person’s characteristics that are effected by comparisons with other people recently encountered who rank higher or lower on the same characteristics.
Projection :
Attributing one's own characteristics to other people.
Stereotyping :
Judging someone on the basis of one’s perception of the group to which that persons belongs.