Monday, 28 September 2015

When BBC stands for Bad, Bad Charting!

The British
Broadcasting Company is an iconic news channel the world over known for cutting
edge reporting and breaking news stories in an innovative way. The BBC has
slowly become the website that I consume the majority of my news through
whether it is politics, business or sport (other news channels are available).

With the
rise of data being collected about sports games to help the spectators
understand the game further, I was excited to see where the BBC would take this
data in playing back to their audience. The results have not been the quality
that I would normally expect from an organisation the British nation largely
has pride in. All the below come from this year’s Premier League season – enjoy
and be ready to cringe.

Taking a bite out of the donut

Let’s talk
about Donut Pie charts. This is actually a tough subject as I know it evokes a
lot of emotion from a lot of people. Some people love the aesthetic they
create, some people love their infographic feel and a whole lot of those who
understand data visualisation really, really, really don’t like them.

I found
Andy Kirk’s tweet below summarised a beautiful example.

So what’s
wrong with this chart? The chart actually doesn’t stand out to me. Andy is
right, the dots and labels are more dominant than the visual that should be
helping the viewer see the story of the data. The story of the chart is challenging
the commonly held belief that more possession equals more wins. The data shows
that if you are the team with the most possession then you have won 41% of your
games. A majority of results have not been a win. So why doesn’t the chart use
colour to pick this story out? Why use two shades of blue to show win and loss
(opposite results) with grey being used to show a draw. Would using a non-win
colour, and a different colour being used for the win, be more effective? Or a
colour scale showing the league table points that are returned from the game
results?

Add to this
the distracting dots that are not centred in the middle of the section they
relate to, really do not help. The labels are huge and the dots, once your eyes
spot them, can’t distract themselves back to the data visualisation. I would
simply use the ‘donuts hole’ to host the 59% message rather than Total Games
(Total Games of what by the way?).

I’m not
going to say you have to have a bar chart for everything but there are a lot of
ways to improve this chart… a lot.

Love any other chart type (except pies)

Like Andy
Kirk, Chris Love knows a lot about data visualisation.

Pie charts are all about showing a part of an
overall whole. The English football team have struggled for the last few years
but in it’s entire history, the team have definitely scored more than 279 goals
and had more than 6 different goal scorers (who did ‘Own Goals’ play for?).

Chris
actually found a couple of examples of this chart ‘style’ used (same colours)
but he is absolutely correct that this chart is ‘Useless’. The differentiation
in scale is completely lost in this chart. I really can’t spot who had the most
goals. Wouldn’t Yellow make more sense as own goals if you had to use this
colour scheme (data visualisation and the brand police have a lot of
conversations still to have to reconcile their differences). Again a bar chart
ordered by goal scorer would be really useful to really see the message that is
screaming out from the data. I’d prefer a scatterplot showing how many games it
took to score those goals instead but I love scatterplots!

I could run
0 sprints, I could ‘run’ at 0 km/h (and on a basketball court a coach has
accused me of this) and this chart really needs to show the relative difference
in speed between Billy Jones and Theo Walcott. Rob completely (and
sarcastically) nails the chart by highlighting how slow Theo Walcott seems in
comparison when in fact he runs a miserable 1.1% slower than Billy. Add the
zero back on the axis and this chart would show… very little and that I fear is
why the chart has had the 0 axis removed.

The average without context (or perspective)
can be confusing

The
goalkeeper spent the majority of their time during the 2nd half in
their penalty area. Boom! Good insight that.

When Match
of the Day first flashed this chart up, I let out an audible “ooh” as my eyes
tore themselves off Tableau to stare at the screen to look at this chart in
wonder. John (again another good authority to listen to on data viz) laid out a
series of arguments that were similar to my thoughts about this chart. The main
point that struck a chord with me was the chart misses the context of where
were the opposition? What were there formation? This is exactly why I created
this (http://datajedininja.blogspot.co.uk/2015/09/tableau-and-nba-moving-past-static-shot.html)
to understand positioning on the pitch / court then you need to understand whether
your team are responding correctly to how the other team are set-up. When
attacking are you exploiting the gaps the defence is leaving?

In retrospect,
what I find hardest to understand about this chart is why the chart tapers away
from the camera when the point being made by the ‘analysts’ was that the team
wasn’t playing closer to the opposition goal (or using the width of the pitch
extensively enough). The taper of the pitch will always make the players seem
more closely together than if the image of the pitch was reversed with the
defensive team’s goal closest to the camera. The arrows on the pitch tell me
what the direction of play was, I don’t need to focus on the Chelsea goalkeeper
as this doesn’t help me understand the distribution of the players.

John makes
many other valid points about average position and how that is a potentially misleading
metric but I will let you read his tweets as he articulates those points a lot
better than I could in the same number of characters.

Overall

I am
excited that data visualisation is becoming more at the heart of the
communication of journalistic points. We live in an age where data is becoming
increasingly available for everything we do and therefore, we can quantify and
prove elements of the world (even if they are as flippant as sport) that we
previously just made guesses about. I have spent the majority of my career
trying to take dry data and turn it in to something that is more easily
consumed and more attractive to the casual observer but always trying to avoid
creating a chart ‘for the sake of it’.

If the
public continue to see a greater variety of charting then their ability to
consume more data-led messages and make more data-led decisions in everyday
life will increase but they won’t if all they ask for is a donut pie chart like
that seen on the BBC. Banks and other service providers need to get across
really complex messages with data but there is no way they can do that if the
data viz guys and girls are restricted to bar charts as that is all the public
knows how to instantly read until they see other types of visualisation that
capture the attention about subjects they are passionate about.

So BBC,
please keep making the British nation and world proud by being the leader in
everything you do and just spend a bit more time challenging the clarity of
your visualisations before unleashing them on us.