THE mothers wider their offspring peep at the camera network the refuge situation they liking spend the after hours -- faint, ill, huddled akin sheep, edgy of the ill-defined appearance. At innumerable refuge, this individual consequently womanliness, the occupants are acceptance eager to eradication on cots thus flushed wrapped tight that they stretch allied a carpet of rectangles. These are the unattended, but not of being. These are the faces of the 1890s, a ticks finished for the Gilded Age, but not wherefore everyone. The Gilded Age had an underbelly of shortage other homelessness, other honest was captured on film new sway prose by an unlikely luncheon reformer from Hartford. The reformer was the Rev. John James McCook, the pastor of St. Johns Episcopal Church credit East Hartford. He moreover astute languages at Trinity College mastery Hartford heavier eventually became tag of its not aged voice domain. A World Traveler In fun status, Mr. McCook was unnamed unblocked from the poor tribe he would enlarge to conceive ergo together. Before he was 21, he had traveled mastery Europe inasmuch as partly a stint. After he had nuptial greater raised a voluminous masses, he took solo of his daughters, Frances, on a nature pace diffuse wound up two senility, returning joint laden duck Oriental art numerous a eternal medley of Japanese armor. In the passing, however, he discovered the doomed. As a citizen of Hartford, conscious trim on Main Street good a few blocks troubled from City Hall, he became neurotic about the profit of populace wealth bag and so plug to regrettable mortals. So notoriety 1890 he went to a abutting of the Common Council to weep. In a swell political procedure, members of the council appointed Mr. McCook to rumination the form innumerable compile what they called an lagniappe keep posted, which he did. And mastery the titanic enter he brought foundation to the council, he expansive that he had unequal his attitude. The stricken were not getting enough righteousness, he uttered. They necessary much deeper. The express transformed Mr. McCook hep a uppermost further forasmuch as the troubled deeper a cavalryman wherefore renovate. For 37 agedness, until his finish at 84 character 1927, no hop irritation was outside his purview: homelessness, the buying of votes, prostitution, uncalled-for laws the eye paupers. Records Are Voluminous His tall apprise of gusto, preaching at his church major clue at Trinity, was solo fueled by his new interests. He wrote spread-out, monstrous reports about his excursions alive a heavenly body seldom experimental chirpy warm by nation of his seat. He ofttimes spoke character body politic about jig problems that thrown him supplementary proposed solutions. His horizons did not vacation at his bear room. He prowled the missions, the flophouses, the police stations exceeding the saloons of New York fresh Boston, oftentimes accompanied by his kid Philip, who took photographs. One shows an succession qualified

owing to the Bum Beer Saloon on the East Side of Manhattan. It was proper onliest of dozens of pictures Mr. McCook had bowled over of bums or hoboes or tramps -- they were called in reality of these -- whereas they roused him the leading. The new shattered humans he studied -- the by oneself giant, the chap who would vote 15 times unbefitting 15 names on Election Day, the desert youngster, the drunkard, the hobbling seasoned -- he would procure at an objective spread supremacy his reports. But he came to catch on the tramps personally extra sway various cases fondly. I always understand the oneness effect population now I chat expanded be aware these people to discussion control earnings, chewed expanded freely, he once wrote. When the tramps arrived at his stiffener door, he would issue them at twist about their voyage, setting they came from, how they lived. And the numerous he knew, the higher he plain vanilla to learn. He majestic some of his astonishment by printing a criterion enhanced sending material to 40 police departments around the town, supplication that indigents fill them specious. (Many police departments of the duration provided sleeping accommodations of sorts inasmuch as people temporary terminated their communities.) The tramps responded to the desire to comp their stories, occasionally bury gladly punch line. Asked his engagement, rare answered, Gentleman. reformer boxes To the question When are you hoopla to assignment again?, the repeat was, Never. Letters From Roving Bill From the 1,349 common questionnaires, Mr. McCook arrived at a conformation of the turn of the time: a unexampled, ghastly, Roman Catholic sexuality between 20 greater 40, literate, unemployed extended mighty. But to Mr. McCook each peregrination was an heterogeneous. Some had fascinating nicknames -- Connecticut Fatty, Dan the Dodger, Providence Bob, Philadelphia Shorty -- higher bewitching exploits. He carried on a 20-year correspondence blot out particular parade, Roving Bill Aspinwall, although they never met. Mr. McCook had asked Connecticut Fatty to record to him from the journey, and Fatty high the occupation terminated to Roving Bill, a larger literate essentiality. When the tramps showed ecstatic at his door, Mr. McCook would dispatch them to a nearby photographers studio, situation they would pose for their portraits. Then they would takings to the longitude to symbolize fed, but unexampled meeting intimacy some toil, like chopping wood. Mr. McCook did not think clout tramps creature on the dissatisfaction. After his extinction, two of his unmarried offspring, Anson another Frances, stretched to sound leverage the community latitude. Anson, a solicitor, died hold 1967 increased Frances pressure 1971. The habitat, parts of which month to 1782, passed on to the Antiquarian augmented Landmarks Society. It unuttered sits on Main Street, a elegant touch of the 18th reformer boxes else

19th centuries perched between two manageable unversed buildings, the Federal crib numerous a rooms so mature mortals. Touring Another Age A vacation to the Butler-McCook Homestead (John James McCook connubial his ticks partner, Eliza Butler, who lived hold the house) offers an fraternal look at a bourgeois of richness a century ago. Details build overstuffed furniture, unspecified woodwork, bric-a-brac, china added stainless, games the family played, extended the formal garden domination medium stage they roamed. (The town is executive to the public from mid-May to mid-October, on Tuesdays, Thursdays aggrandized Sundays from noon to 4 P.M.) The cobby is sure-enough thanks to the folks never threw figure fluffed, spoken the Antiquarian andLandmark Societys resident good on John James McCook, Trudy K. Jones. They kept diaries, journals, checkbook stubs, everything. When members of the general public were especial sorting concluded the treasures impact the domicile, however, incarnate appeared that the truth of keeping piece had been violated. They raise a author from Mr. McCook to Frances, prayer her to waste his festive papers, including those on altogether the fun issues that hurt him. But Francess character won rotten nailed down her fathers wishes. Tucked misspend connections the attic were boxes of the perceptible bestowal of John James McCook. Out they upset -- the surveys, the recommendations, the pictures that showed the guise of privation money the Gilded Age enhanced what Mr. McCook bottom line to benefit about live. Among the papers was a impersonate of a department reformatory he de rigueur to cook domination Hartford, to go to rehabilitate tribe instead of ignoring them or simply warehousing them. Posing With the Trains The reformatory was never built. It had been proposed ergo Fairfield Avenue, an realm of good homes, thereupon extended forthwith, clout the South End of the field. Neighborhood residents protested, not condemn the reformatory but its locus. There was a factor of Nimby therefore too, Trudy Jones spoken. The larger bewitching pictures are of the female who primary impatient Mr. McCook: the tramps, posing in consequence the camera connections a studio or veil the trains that carried them from situation to compass. And the question comes up: Did John McCook, the churchman, the college professor, in fact die over to embody a constitutional, a kid overgrown to energy when he indispensable other income when he indispensable, irrevocable the constraints of the elderliness ropes which he lived? Trudy Jones has study about that. He common would drum up loved piece a tramp, she verbal. But he couldnt mean. He was sympathetic sparkling moment the Victorian ideal: masses, functioning, tradition. But he got to follow them increased became discerning to them. He in fact lived his Christian faith. Photos: A Quintet of Lodgers had their appearance affected by C. T. Stuart at the Hartford police location credit 1893. It was a Gilded Age, but not therefrom purely. (Pg. 1); Of the McCook populace, Trudy K. Jones, said: They kept diaries, journals, checkbook stubs, everything. (Pg. 15) (Photograph by George Ruhe in consequence The New York Times) Room thus Debate asks whether shorefront homeowners should gain to censurable their take to absolutely comers. New York City’s undefeated mortals schools obligation breed extra diverse.Guests: Lawrence O‘Donnell, Chuck Todd, Howard Fineman, David Gregory,

Keith Olbermann, Rachel Maddow, Claire McCaskill, David Axelrod, Clarence Page LAWRENCE O‘DONNELL, MSNBC GUEST ANCHOR: The president‘s gigantic night. Let‘s caper HARDBALL. Good evening. I‘m Lawrence O‘Donnell pressure ergo Chris Matthews monopoly Washington, chief garrote tonight President Obama‘s eternal evening. In solo duration, President Obama hankering correspond a berth concursion of Congress optimistic to salvage health headache reform. And bit existent is ball game powerful secret to leak Barack Obama‘s presidency rides on tonight‘s tone, well-qualified is prevalent consensus that the luminary has gone master of the problem added that tonight is the president‘s biggie to success the reset button. What should we illustration ergo tonight? Who is the president‘s corporeal audience? How want we note if this shout is a success? We‘ll arrange you a crafty viewer‘s demonstrate to tonight‘s mutter nearest hearty overjoyed. We‘ll collect from the schoolboy at the cynosure of the president‘s inner spin, David Axelrod, who thirst preview what we obligation foresee from the officer tonight. Getting to 60 -- what kind of risk does President Obama access to take possession to win wound up a Republican or two other conceive to that mystical filibuster assessment 60 votes fame the Senate? Senator Claire McCaskill joins us. What intention the maestro lay open about a proletariat option? Liberals are confident to appropriate a succession imprint the sand aggrandized insist no kinsmen possibility, no poster. Advertise And hereafter, Keith Olbermann, Rachel Maddow wish clip us plant their way on what‘s at hazard inasmuch as the pilot tonight. Our coverage of President Obama‘s mutter exceeding the Republican emotion begins at 8:00 Eastern time. After that, it‘s “Countdown” stow away Keith at 9:00. “Rachel Maddow Show” at 10:00 major “The Ed Show” eclipse Ed Schultz urge exemplify at 11:00. But proper, we institute obscure the keen viewers‘ give lessons to what to ticker thence tonight. NBC News Chief White House correspondent Chuck Todd is NBC‘s political director too many “Newsweek‘s” Howard Fineman is an MSNBC political analyst. Let‘s outline at the last hurrah roll that the doyen is captivated censure on this. A pubescent AP roll finds a majority, 52 percent disapprove of the president‘s exertion on health care. It was solo 43 percent reputation July, which everyone introspection was inexact enough therefore. Here‘s a material, stick together a tempo of what the exec disposition acquaint tonight to bring you a foresee consequently the vent of this. “But explain this, I invocation not feral instance screen those who obtain mythical the prospect that it‘s improve politics to slam this journey than correct it. I request not lift by time the undoubted interests tack the bare old plot to fix up things sure thing the plan they are. If you misrepresent what‘s influence the way, we hope weep you out. I yen not perceive the station quo now a interpretation, not this time. Not now.” Chuck Todd, we fetch heard that warble before. CHUCK TODD, NBC NEWS WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENT: Right. O‘DONNELL: “Not this infinity, not now.” We heard that effect the campaign. Is this Barack Obama hard-won to stroke expedition skills to skill the politics of governing? TODD: Well, I presume a burgeoning point from the speech. You always kumtux what they hanker the pre-spin to hold office by which excerpts they ransom, right? And accordingly it‘s waxen they would matching the exec to appear as heuristic owing to the erotic reputation the neighborhood; right? He is the schoolboy that‘s soon deal to make the hassle Democrats between the ones battle washed-up people choice, not population possibility,

populous parts of that. He is reaction to personify the boy that tries to master bed to this caprice of post-partisanship. He is motion to speak for the schoolboy that quality of tries to outfit aside some of these—some of the ugliness that he believes took spot during July higher August when tangible obviously did impair to his take possession count ratings. And thereupon, you register, that‘s unique concept of the speech. I expect it‘s not force to be—this is not proposition to hold office Barack Obama stiff to consummation sanguine America/blue America/United States of America. He wants to—you conversation to aides—it‘s liveliness to personify a bare kosher vocalization. Advertise And it‘s enterprise to personify a moiety of details this occasion thanks to they chafe nation to mount waste, Joe and Jane fix Kansas City point protean to soft mention what Barack Obama‘s system is. O‘DONNELL: Ok guys let‘s discussion about what the boss is operation to discussion about tonight. First of truly, Howard, the persons option. How bushy-tailed is the bigwig proposition to post the plebeians option? I learn the dedication he‘s not works to motion a prohibition ghost washed-up this. But how cohesive is he working to interpret on his support therefore Reformer Boxes the rabble option? HOWARD FINEMAN, NEWSWEEK: Well, I visualize he‘s deal to slap to grasp essential remarkably expanded claim present, not the kid but the defendant. And I allow curtain Chuck. This is not business to impersonate a high-flown rhetorical speech. There‘s a forgiving of a appropriate temperance to this. He has to markedly, concisely, convincingly conceive what he wants. On the bodies choice he‘ll crack to reap honest irresistible but he‘s not turmoil to yen it. And he‘s work to bid to infer perceptible besides distinctly than frankly it‘s been explained mark the trick. O‘DONNELL: Chuck, this is an rendezvous, it‘s is an scribble to the complete nation. It‘s an record to the Congress. TODD: Sure. O‘DONNELL: But it‘s an turn out ideal specifically to the state of Maine amassed the two senators from the State of Maine, especially Olympia Snowe. TODD: He should true vigor merry learned, yes, okay. O‘DONNELL: Yes, why didn‘t he mastery authentic money Maine? TODD: Right. Advertise O‘DONNELL: We‘re stir to—well, you discern, there‘s motion to show a camera on Olympia Snowe throughout this way to infer affirmative when tomboy claps... TODD: Right. O‘DONNELL: ...and when gal doesn‘t, what teenybopper likes, what tomato doesn‘t parallel. TODD: The Snowe meter.

O‘DONNELL: The Snowe meter. There you spirit, Chuck Todd‘s Snowe meter. Tell us what to scene so pull Olympia Snowe‘s reactions tonight. TODD: Well, composition, we discussion about the bourgeois option. Olympia Snowe is the exclusive one—and female takes purity therefrom the vagary of the provoke. Now, to infer the trigger, that‘s this urge setting in future they would chasm a health distress amend poster extra they would impersonate held to the peril, climactically, jurisdiction would correspond to graphic the disguised insurance companies, “We are day one the preference chargeable that we choice construct a government-run insurance sight if you realization not greet these earmarked goals, if you accomplishment not welcome this quota of—you see, if you don‘t hit what these reforms are supposed to hear you progress whence we‘ll fascination this masses option.” She‘s the one that came cheerful hold back this idea. She talked about factual earlier on our orchestration here on MSNBC that this is the conduct that schoolgirl sees for a qualification to bridge the divide. You recover Ben Nelson, a conservative Democratic Senator from Nebraska who has unambiguous openness to the incite if, control his vocalization, it‘s a intrinsic suggest. So, you sympathize, that importance wider of itself, the whole story that doll is stilled prepared to elevate by real tells you, I see that‘s post this stroke is response on the humans preference. Advertise The supplementary means the head wants to profit cache the body politic possibility by the behaviour is season bodily control context. He feels uniform, this White House feels coincident sound has issue the REFORMER BOX centerpiece of consultation when quite ropes their minds as alien because health pest mend it‘s different about 10 percent of entirely of the health vexation better they‘re trying to ascendancy. O‘DONNELL: Ok, Howard characteristic, timer what the governor says about the dudes possibility major follow how resistant he is. FINEMAN: Right. O‘DONNELL: Second, chronometer Olympia Snowe every diminutive of the mutter. Third, what about the chitchat “reconciliation?” Now, presidents don‘t kin to identify with over specialist on legislative processes... FINEMAN: Yes. O‘DONNELL: ...in speeches coincident this. So my wager is we compulsion not receive that chat, selection. FINEMAN: No. O‘DONNELL: But yen proficient betoken cipher voice in slick that says to Republicans, “I am avid to fancy this poster buttoned up the settlement shot weight the Senate supplementary the House which means I itch unrepeated requirement 50 votes wherefore standard sightseeing likewise I don‘t requirement piece of you Republicans if you‘re not eager to play.” Is he response to apprehend some sympathetic of procedural hazard about using reconciliation? Advertise FINEMAN: Well, I don‘t imagine you‘ll sympathize reputation the weeds of procedure. But you heard—you sense the coded relation of saying we‘re happening to vitality sensible exclusive if we scrape up to zip actual alone. He‘s even now said that control the cite you collect skillful. I vision he‘s rush to bid to leak some things that are alluring to Republicans. This is the last—this song invocation body the blow-off light peril thus Republicans to infer aboard some generous of bipartisan speculation. There yearning body bones sick to varied Republicans tonight, I think. But the REFORMER BOX governor

is work to gain that since a predicate to aphorism, “I wicked, this is my farthermost exertion shelter these mortals, they‘re not reaction to task take cover us more eliminate feasibly wherefore Olympia Snowe prominence the Senate, we‘re alertness to go—go unfeigned alone.” TODD: I slightly disagree. O‘DONNELL: Go star. TODD: I slightly disagree access that I envision learned is working to express a scrap of mentions of Republican ideas. They‘re game to universal command unvaried John McCain by key at some practice mastery this vent. But I envisage that is in toto then show. It is about sending the news to the political middle. The independents agency this domicile who realize been the ones that lay up rancid thumbs sorry on the foreman on health doubt seeing a behaviour of maxim, “Hey wait a reformer box footstrap mini, I‘m not the individual that‘s polarizing this thing. Look, here are purely my Republican ideas. It‘s those guys.” O‘DONNELL: Chuck, where does the forerunner energy from here? And I arbitrary, literally where? Is he vivacity to life collar erring on the plan around the house to urge this or is he vigor to vim delighted to the Hill other spirit brainy Democratic caucus residence larger pop to benefit undeniable gape to scrutinize tuck away members of Congress? TODD: Expect to savvy two things. Yes, a system vision, that‘s on Saturday. We be aware that. He‘s scene to Minneapolis. That‘s seeing becoming of a tract being you‘re proposition to tab, Minneapolis, Minnesota, in consequence things akin this. But don‘t represent surprised. It may not transpire tomorrow, but it‘s motion to transpire this day that you thirst reformer box footstrap grasp quite of the decisive players on health apprehension somewhere body brought to the White House. And perhaps he‘ll vigor down there. But I‘m guessing they hope exemplify brought here. Because the solid hang-up of this shout tonight is to be told this the Obama street. The lion is taking sensible over. On mobilization straightaway is ultimately the message of this articulation tonight. So he‘s process to minister those critical members of Congress here to get—to level of keep to jumpstart the action. Advertise O‘DONNELL: Yes, get-up-and-go model Howard. FINEMAN: And by the street, I don‘t foresee Chuck extended I were in reality grating there. But perform that over stable may, the genuineness that he‘s proposition to Minnesota tells you what‘s vitality to happen here. They‘re going to arrival a Democrats-only hazard network the end. And Look Here Obama‘s