In my previous post, I began listing reasons why we should regard the rapture as a separate event from the Second Coming. Much confusion ensues when believers combine them.

I know many pastors and teachers in Bible-believing churches combine the rapture and Second Coming into one event. For this reason I am including a section from my book (as of yet unpublished) here and on my blog explaining why we must see them as separate events.

As in part 1, please note: In making my distinctions between the rapture and second coming, I assume a premillennial belief. Without beliefs in a literal seven year tribulation, Jesus return to earth after this time, and the setting of a millennial rule that includes Israel, these distinctions would not make much sense.

Here are my remaining 3 reasons why we should regard the rapture as a unique event.

5. The Differing Emphasis of Each Event

The emphasis of Jesus’ second coming is judgment; He judges the armies gathered against him, the antichrist, locks up Satan, and then gathers all who dwell on earth before his throne. The theme of the second coming is the judgment of all who dwell on the earth at that time.

The message of the rapture, on the other hand, is one of comfort and encouragement (1 Thess. 4:18; 5:11). This is when Jesus raises the “dead in Christ,” gives them and living believers immortal bodies, and takes us all home to his Father’s house (1 Cor. 15:50-57; John 14:2-3). These passages console us when faced with the death of someone we love. They give hope in midst of tragedy.

In contrast to the second coming passages, the message of the rapture is hope and eager expectation of seeing our Savior face to face.

6. The Presence of Living Believers to Populate the Earth During the Millennium

When Jesus returns to earth, as noted in part 1, He judges all who are alive at the time. Matthew 25:31-46 depicts Jesus separating the sheep from the goats, believers from those who are not. The former group enters the kingdom while Jesus sends the others away to “eternal punishment.” Believers enter the kingdom in natural bodies; Scripture does not say they receive imperishable bodies, but suggests quite the opposite.

If the rapture and the second coming are the same the event, then all the believers would already possess glorified bodies before this judgment. Jesus would not need to separate the goats from the sheep because all who would be left would goats. Everyone with a glorified body would automatically be a part of God’s kingdom while all others would face his condemnation. No one would enter the thousand year reign of Jesus in natural bodies; everyone would possess immortal ones.

This is far, far different from what both the Old and New Testament tell us about the millennium.

John MacArthur says this about the distinction:

If God raptures and glorifies all believers just prior to the inauguration of the millennial kingdom (as a posttribulational Rapture demands), no one would be left to populate and propagate the earthly kingdom of Christ promised to Israel. It is not within the Lord’s plan and purpose to use glorified individuals to propagate the earth during the Millennium. Therefore, the Rapture needs to occur earlier so that after God has raptured all believers, He can save more souls—including Israel’s remnant—during the seven-year Tribulation. Those people can then enter the millennial kingdom in earthly form.[i]

Many Old Testament passages such as Zechariah 14:9-19 refer to people alive during the millennium that will possess natural bodies as well as the capacity to sin. Zechariah 14 denotes the possibility of nations rebelling against the King by refusing to come to Jerusalem to worship the Lord. In addition, at the end of the millennium there will be a rebellion against the Lord (Rev. 20:7-9). Such scenarios cannot exist if the rapture and second coming are the same event or even if one happens shortly after the other.

Furthermore, Isaiah 65:19-20 refers to a time after Jesus’ return when there will be infants signifying marriage and reproduction. The passage also refers to death and sin, things not possible in the eternal state of Revelation 21-22. In order for these things to be true, living believers at the end of the tribulation must enter the millennium in natural bodies.

7. The Rapture is a Mystery

In 1 Corinthians 15:51, the apostle Paul begins his description of the rapture with these words, “Behold! I tell you a mystery.” Last year, my wife and I saw the movie Murder on the Orient Express, a depiction of the novel written by Agatha Christie. This story is a mystery; we do not know who murdered the man on the train until the end of the movie. This is what we typically think of when we hear that something is a “mystery.”

The use of the word “mystery” in the New Testament differs much from this definition. The word as the apostles used it designates something new, a truth God did not reveal in the Old Testament. When Paul introduces the Lord’s return for his church in the book of 1 Thessalonians he says, “For this we declare to you by a word from the Lord . . .” (4:15). He was telling the Thessalonians something new.

On the other hand, we find references to the second coming all through the Old Testament. We even see from the book of Jude that God revealed the Lord’s second coming to Enoch who lived before the flood of Noah (see Jude 14-15). The second coming was definitely not something new in the church era; God revealed the second coming to his people long before the birth of Jesus.

The New Testament nowhere describes the second coming as a mystery, as something new. The rapture, however, is a mystery, a new and fresh revelation for the church!

Why all the fuss in separating the rapture from the Second Coming? It matters because it relates to our expectation of what comes next for us.

If they are the same event, then our immediate prospect is not Jesus’ appearing but seven frightful years of devastating tribulation on the earth for which we need to prepare as we see the many signs of the approaching tribulation. On the other hand, if they are distinct events separated by seven years, then we live in anticipation of suddenly being in Jesus’ presence.

This is the essence of biblical perspective on life, that of living in hope of Jesus’ imminent appearing to take us home! Is this not what Philippians 3:20 tells us? “But our citizenship is in heaven and from it we await a Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ.”