..As long-term ACE inhibition only partly ameliorated the adverse cardio-renal effects of CKD, adjunctive therapies that lead to further increases in ACE2 activity may be needed to combat the cardio-renal complications of CKD...

..ACE2 might act in a counter-regulatory manner to ACE, modulating the balance between vasoconstrictors and vasodilators within the heart and kidney, and playing a significant role in regulating cardiovascular and renal function...

Angiotensin-(1-7), an alternative metabolite of the renin-angiotensin system, is up-regulated in human liver disease and has antifibrotic activity in the bile-duct-ligated rat

John S LubelDepartment of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Austin Health and Northern Health, Vic, AustraliaClin Sci (Lond) 117:375-86. 2009

..In conclusion, Ang-(1-7) is up-regulated in human liver disease and has antifibrotic actions in a rat model of cirrhosis. The ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/mas receptor axis represents a potential target for antifibrotic therapy in humans...

..As ACE2 both degrades AngII and generates the vasodilator Ang-(1-7), a decrease in renal ACE2 activity, as observed in the present study, has the potential to contribute to the progression of kidney disease...

..TGF-beta(1) is involved in the initial, acute phase of inflammation and repair after MI, whereas CTGF is involved in the ongoing fibrosis of the heart. The antifibrotic benefits of captopril are not mediated through a reduction in CTGF...

Association of ACE2 genetic variants with blood pressure, left ventricular mass, and cardiac function in Caucasians with type 2 diabetes

..Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2 is a recently described member of the RAS, and this study investigated whether ACE2 polymorphisms are associated with hypertension, left ventricular (LV) mass, and cardiac function in type 2 diabetes...

..In conclusion, elevated perioperative NT-proBNP predicted in-hospital and 1-year cardiac events in an emergency orthopedic population but the ACE-2 levels did not, which requires additional study for validation...

Reduction of the accumulation of advanced glycation end products by ACE inhibition in experimental diabetic nephropathy

..Our results add to the increasing evidence that Ang-(1-7) may have deleterious cardiovascular effects in kidney failure and highlight the need for further in vivo studies of the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/mas receptor axis in kidney disease...

..The aims of this observational study were to determine the prevalence and predictors of an abnormal echocardiogram in adults with type 1 diabetes, and to assess the evolution of changes in a subset of subjects...

..4 to 2.0, p <0.001). In conclusion, CRA syndrome was common in patients with HF and was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality. Consideration should be given to identifying CRA syndrome and modifying reversible factors...

..4.24.11) metabolises endogenous vasoactive peptides that may protect against atherogenesis. Since NEP is found in the adventitia of arteries, we investigated the anti-atherogenic effects of chronic adventitial NEP inhibition...

..The beneficial effects of ACE inhibition on infarct volume in normotensive rats do not correlate with changes in blood pressure. However, WKY rats have ACE inhibitor-sensitive cortical ACE activity that is lacking in the SHR...

..Notably, the predictive utility of these markers was eliminated after adjusting for Hb. Consequently, the inexpensive measurement of Hb may be a useful tool to identify diabetic patients at increased risk of cardiac dysfunction...

Immunolocalization of ACE2 and AT2 receptors in rabbit atherosclerotic plaques

..Macrophages and alphaSMC actin-positive cells produce ACE2 and the AT2R in atherosclerotic plaques. Determining a role for these factors in the control of atherosclerosis will require additional studies...

..The aim of the present study was to compare glomerular permeability alterations associated with experimental hypertension models known to have different effects on the circulating renin-angiotensin system (RAS)...