Iraq's Christian minority is being driven out of its
ancestral homeland by a wave of persecution as devastating as any tsunami. In
less than four weeks, a pivotal election will take place in Iraq that
represents this community's best hope for finding a secure home there, yet they
find themselves marginalized and pushed aside in the electoral process — not
only by their tormentors but, perhaps inadvertently, by the U.S. government.
These Christians, who are both pro-Western and pro-democracy, need our help so
that they can build a future in their native land with a modicum of security
and freedom. Without it, they will leave, and U.S. Iraq policy will be dealt a
setback so severe it may never recover.

Tens of thousands of Iraq's nearly one million ChaldoAssyrians,
as this indigenous cultural and linguistic ethnic group is called under Iraq's
Transitional Administrative Law, have fled into exile over the past few months.
Their leaders fear that, like the Iraqi Jews — who accounted for a third of Iraq's
population until facing relentless persecution in the middle of the last
century — they may leave en masse. Though many Iraqis, particularly moderates,
suffer violence, the ChaldoAssyrians, along with the
smaller non-Muslim minorities of SabeanMandeans and Yizidis, may be as a
group all but eradicated from Iraq.
Their exodus began in earnest in August after the start of a terrorist bombing
campaign against their churches. With additional church bombings right before
Christmas, hundreds more Christian families escaped in fear to Jordan and Syria.

In the run up to elections, Sunni terrorists and insurgents have targeted the ChaldoAssyrians with particular ferocity, linking them to
the West. The main Assyrian Christian news agency AINA.org reported last week that the kidnapping
tally for Christians now ranges in the thousands, with ransom payments
averaging $100,000 each. One who could not afford the payment, 29-year-old LaithAntarKhanno,
was found beheaded in Mosul on December 2, two weeks
after his kidnapping. Cold-blooded assassinations of Christians are also on the
rise. Prominent Assyrian surgeon and professor Ra'aad
Augustine Qoryaqos was shot dead by three terrorists
while making his rounds in a Ramadi clinic on December
8. That same week two other Christian businessmen from Baghdad, FawziLuqa and HaithamSaka, were abducted from work and murdered.

Both Sunni and Shiite extremists who seek
to impose their codes of behavior have been ruthless toward the Christians,
throwing acid in the faces of women without the hijab
(veil) and gunning down the salesclerks at video and liquor stores. In the
north, Kurdish administrators have withheld U.S. reconstruction funds from ChaldoAssyrian areas, and, together with local peshmerga forces, have confiscated some Christian farms and
villages. Of the $20 billion that American taxpayers generously provided for
the reconstruction of Iraq
two years ago, none so far has gone to rebuild ChaldoAssyrian
communities. The State Department is distributing these funds exclusively to
the Arab- and Kurdish-run governorates — the old Saddam Hussein power structure
— who fail to pass on the ChaldoAssyrian share.

Though Iraq's president, prime minister,
and Grand Ayatollah Sistani have all denounced the
attacks against the Christians, the persecution has not abated. The ChaldoAssyrians have endured much throughout the last
century in Iraq,
including brutal Arabization and Islamization
campaigns. But this current period may see their last stand as a cohesive
community.

Should the ChaldoAssyrian
community disappear from Iraq,
it would mean the end of their Aramaic language (spoken by Jesus), and their
customs, rites, and culture. A unique part of Christian patrimony would
disappear along with this first-century church. The United States would have presided
over the destruction of one of the world's oldest Christian communities. Its
reverberations would be keenly felt just beyond Iraq's borders. As Christian
scholar HabibMalik wrote
last month in the daily press of his native Lebanon,
if the democratic project of Iraq
ends in dismal failure for the ChaldoAssyrians, the
future will be bleak for all the historic churches of the Middle
East. No wonder Pope John Paul II used his public appearances on
both Christmas and New Year's to express "great apprehension" and
"profound regret" about the situation in Iraq.

Further loss of ChaldoAssyrian
influence in Iraq would also
have dire implications for Iraq
itself and for American policy. The ChaldoAssyrians are
a disproportionately skilled and educated group, and they also possess that
increasingly scarce trait in the Middle East:
the virtue of toleration. They are a natural political bloc for building a
democracy with minority protections and individual rights. Their presence
bolsters Muslim moderates who claim religious pluralism as a rationale for
staving off governance by Islamic sharia law.

The ChaldoAssyrians
who continue to tough it out in Iraq
do so desperately clinging to the hope that liberal democracy will take root
there. They and their communities in the American diaspora,
numbering around 450,000, are stirring with activity in preparation for the
elections at the end of January. These elections will choose a National
Assembly that will draft the country's permanent constitution. They are eager
to see individual rights to religious freedom and all fundamental freedoms
carried over from the interim constitution into the permanent government.

It is in the direct political interest of
the United States to keep
the ChaldoAssyrians in Iraq and ensure they have a voice
in the political process unfolding over the next year. Yet U.S. policy toward Iraq's valuable ChaldoAssyrian
allies seems to be one of utter indifference.

While Iraq's
hard-line Shiite parties are heavily financed by Iran,
Kurdish leaders have long been bankrolled by the U.S.,
and Sunni insurgents are funded by Syria, the pro-democracy ChaldoAssyrians have no sponsors. The U.S. policy of providing democracy-building
funds to political parties in emerging democracies, made legendary with
Solidarity in Poland,
ended a decade ago. The U.S.
government is taking steps to compensate one religious minority that might fare
poorly in the election. According to press reports, the U.S.
administration has called for assembly seats to be set aside for the Sunni
minority, which is boycotting the elections after warnings by extremist Sunni
leaders. But no provisions have been made for ChaldoAssyrian
Christians, who, unlike many insurgent Sunnis, work for the Coalition rather
than build roadside bombs against it.

In short, ChaldoAssyrian
candidates and parties are alone and without funds. If these Christians fail to
win seats in the assembly, they will have no direct say in the critical
drafting of the country's permanent constitution. Don't expect the United States
to speak up for them — or for other moderates.

The same lackadaisical approach to
individual and minority rights is shown in America's
approach to the drafting of Iraq's
permanent constitution, where it has adopted de facto a policy of strict
neutrality. The State Department and the U.S. Agency for International
Development are funding programs to provide outside legal and expert advice to
assist in this drafting. These "independent" contractors are not
supposed to exert any influence to ensure constitutional protections for
individual rights to religious freedom, women's equality, or any other basic
human right. As one such U.S.-funded advisor explained in an L.A. Times
op-ed last month: "Outsiders should not... seek to prevent Shiite parties
from advancing models for an Islamic republic." The only such existent
model, of course, is the Islamic Republic of Iran — a country so devoid of
individual human rights that its dissidents are sentenced to death for
blasphemy, the "crime of thinking," and whose governing ideology is
explicitly hostile to American interests.

The rationale for this is that the focus
should be on "process," not on "imposing values" — that is
they are not concerned about the outcome, only how it is achieved. A lesson of
apartheid South Africa
is that the rule of law only goes so far in providing for a fair and humane
society. The U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom, an independent
federal agency, wrote an urgent letter on Iraq's religious minorities to
President Bush last month, protesting this approach and recommending that the
administration "give clear directives to American officials and recipients
of U.S. democracy-building grants" to advocate the inclusion of religious
freedom and other fundamental human rights in the permanent constitution.

Over 1,300 American soldiers have given their lives so far in Iraq. We owe it
to them and to Iraqis — many of whom have also paid with their lives supporting
the Coalition — to take our policy goal of democratizing Iraq seriously.
One way is to level the playing field in the political arena for the ChaldoAssyrian community. We should be helping all
candidates whose political ideology is based on an acceptance of liberal democracy
and individual religious freedom and other fundamental human rights — even if
they are Christian.

There is an urgent need for immediate
private funding to help pro-democracy ChaldoAssyrian
candidates and voters in the January 30 elections. The private response to southeast Asia's tsunami victims proves that concerned
individuals can make a critical difference. Only a small fraction of that
generous outpouring is needed to keep the ChaldoAssyrianspolitically competitive — through voter education,
candidate spots on television and radio, campaign literature, get-out-the-vote
efforts, and other election essentials. Tax-deductible donations for this
purpose can be sent to: Iraq Freedom Account, Assyrian American National Federation, 5550
North Ashland, Chicago,
IL60640.

— Nina Shea is the director of Freedom House's Center
for Religious Freedom. James Y. Rayis, an
Atlanta lawyer, is vice chair of the Chicago-based ChaldoAssyrian
American Advocacy Council.