Winston Churchill's Chamber Pot

Cabinet War Rooms in London

Winston Churchill was the leader of
the United Kingdom through almost all of World War II,
serving as First Lord of the Admiralty from 3 September 1939,
just two days after Germany's invasion of Poland,
then Prime Minister
from 10 May 1940 through 26 July 1945.
He took on major roles in British politics from
from February 1910 through April 1955.
During the Second World War he led Britain's war effort
from the Cabinet War Rooms hidden beneath
central London.
Living conditions were relatively spartan, with just
a chamber pot in place of a toilet.
Today you can visit the rooms where
the British leadership monitored and
controlled military action during World War II,
including Churchill's apartment and chamber pot!

The underground complex that came to be known as the
Cabinet War Rooms is within the Whitehall area of
Westminster, beneath what then was the New Public Offices
and now is the Treasury Building.
The British leadership had seen the war coming,
and started building the complex in 1938.
It became operational on 27 August 1939,
just four days before Germany invaded Poland.

Neville Chamberlain's war cabinet met just once in the
complex, in October of 1939.
Churchill first visited it in May 1940, the month he
was appointed as Prime Minister, and declared
"This is the room from which I will direct the war."
115 Cabinet meetings were then held within the complex
from then through the end of the German V-weapon attacks
in late March of 1945.

The facility was further armored with "The Slab",
a five-foot-thick reinforced concrete overlayer,
and enlarged to three times its original size.

When the Nazi air attacks forced Churchill and the
rest of the Cabinet to stay within the bomb shelter
of the Cabinet War Room complex, the facilities
were very limited.
Churchill preferred to spend the night at #10 Downing Street
or in a flat in the building directly above the war rooms,
but on several occasions he was forced to spend the night
underground.

Here you see the apartment used by Churchill when he was
forced to spend the night in the bunker.

And yes, that's his chamber pot
on the floor at the foot of the bed.

The complex was close to Parliament, the Admiralty,
and other government and military offices.
They were first used in August 1939, just before Germany
invaded Poland on the first of September, and were used
through August 1945 and the surrender of Japan.
The complex was preserved, only opened to the public in 1984.

The British government saw that enemy aerial bombing of
London could be devastating.
Crucial government operations would have to be dispersed
into the countryside or moved underground.

The Map Room was in constant use around the clock, staffed by
officers of the Royal Navy, Royal Air Force, and British Army.
They collected and analyzed information, producing a daily
intelligence summary for the King, Prime Minister,
and the military Chiefs of Staff.

Winston Churchill took on major roles in British politics
from February 1910 through April 1955.
He served as Home Secretary 1910-1911,
First Lord of the Admiralty 1911-1915,
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in 1915,
Minister of Munition 1917-1919
Secretary of State for Air 1919-1921,
Secretary of State for the Colonies 1921-1922,
Chancellor of the Exchequer 1924-1929,
and then was the Leader of the Opposition in Parliament until
1951 and his return to office as Prime Minister until 1955.

Dover Cliffs Tunnel Complex

Some of the tunnels date from the Napoleanic
Wars, but they were greatly expanded during World War II.
The UK anti-aircraft operations were controlled
from here — radar and other data was gathered
and interceptors were dispatched from here.

Tunnels under Dover Castle were converted into air-raid
shelters in 1939, and then subsequently converted into an
underground military command center and hospital.

The tunnels were later expanded, becoming a shelter for the
Regional Seats of Government in the event of a nuclear
attack in the early Cold War years.
The plan was abandoned, as the chalk would not provide
adequate protection from radiation.

My cromwell-intl.com domain appeared in September, 2001,
although the Wayback Machine didn't notice its one enormous
Toilet of the World page until
January 17, 2002.
Some time soon after that I split it into categories,
and the collection has grown ever since.

In December, 2010 I registered the
toilet-guru.com
domain and moved the pages to a dedicated server.