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Description

The role of nutrition in improving quality of life and combating disease is undeniable — and researchers from different disciplines are bringing their perspectives to bear on this fundamental topic.

The 4-volume Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition, Third Edition, is a thorough revision of the previous award-winning version and reflects the scientific advances in the field of human nutrition. It presents the latest understanding on a wide range of nutrition-related topics including food safety, weight management, vitamins, bioengineering of foods, plant based diet and raw foods among others. New articles on organic food, biofortification, nutritional labeling and the effect of religious customs on diet, among many others, reflect the dedication to currency in this revision. It not only contains the most current and thorough information available on the topic, but also contains broader cross-referencing on emerging opportunities for potential treatment and prevention of diseases.

An ideal starting point for scientific research, Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition, Third Edition, continues to provide authoritative information in an accessible format, making this complex discipline available to readers at both the professional and non-professional level.

Key Features

Approximately 30% new content ensures readers have the latest research information

Extensive cross-referencing provides key connections between topics in this multidisciplinary field

Presents current information on relationships between disease and nutrition

Covers thoroughly topics ranging from nutrient biochemistry and function to clinical nutrition and the epidemiology of diet, health and disease.

Readership

Nutritionists, clinical nutritionists, dietitians and allied health workers will all find this MRW useful. Libraries including university, medical school, public; food industry corporations; and government sectors dealing with nutritional policies will want this MRW in their library

Table of Contents

Editor-In-Chief Biography

Co-Editors Biography

Editorial Advisory Board

Preface

Permission Acknowledgments

Volume 1

A

Adipose Tissue: Structure, Function and Metabolism

Abbreviations

Glossary

Introduction

Development

Structure

Distribution

Function

Regulation of Metabolism

See also

Further Reading

Adolescents: Nutritional Problems of Adolescents

Introduction: Normal Adolescent Growth and Diet

Obesity

Eating Disorders

Other Nutritional Diseases

Specific Nutrient Requirements

Calcium

Iron

Folate

Zinc and Other Minerals

Further Reading

Adolescents: Requirements for Growth and Optimal Health

Abbreviations

Glossary

Introduction

Physical Changes During Adolescence

Dietary Recommendations

Dietary Intakes

Impact of Lifestyle on Nutrition

Conclusions

Acknowledgments

See also

Further Reading

Aging

Glossary

Introduction

Theories of Aging

Age-Related Diseases

Modification of the Aging Process

See also

Further Reading

Alcohol: Absorption, Metabolism, and Physiological Effects

Glossary

Physical Properties of Ethanol

Absorption and Distribution of Alcohol

Metabolism of Alcohol

Nonoxidative Metabolism of Alcohol

Blood Ethanol Concentration

Factors Affecting Blood Ethanol Concentration

Physiological Effects of Alcohol

Effects of Acetate

See also

Further Reading

Alcohol: Effects of Consumption on Diet and Nutritional Status

Glossary

Introduction

Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Dietary Intake

The Potential Benefits of Moderate Alcohol Consumption

The Risks of Excessive Alcohol Consumption

Anemia

The Effects of Chronic Alcohol Consumption on Nutritional Status

Further Reading

Aluminum

Glossary

Properties and Natural Occurrence

Nonfood Uses

Food Uses of Aluminum Compounds

Aluminum in Beverages and Foods

Aluminum in Foods from Processing, Packaging, and Storage

Exposure and Dietary Intake

Bioavailability and Biotransformation

Biokinetics of Aluminum in Blood

Aluminum Tissue Deposition and Body Retention

Aluminum Excretion

Toxicity of Systemic Aluminum

See also

Further Reading

Amino Acids: Chemistry and Classification

Introduction

Chemical Structures and Nomenclature

Post-Translational Modification

Nonprotein Amino Acids

Peptides

Analysis

Classification

See also

Further Reading

Amino acids: Metabolism

Introduction

Amino Acid Supply

Disposal of Amino Acids

Interorgan Exchange of Amino Acids

See also

Further Reading

Amino Acids: Specific Functions

Glossary

Introduction

Amino Acid Flux, Concentration, and Function

Amino Acid Deficiencies and Supplementation

Assessment of Amino Acid Function

Alanine

Arginine, Citrulline, Ornithine, and Proline

Asparagine and Aspartic Acid

Cysteine, Cystine, Methionine, and Taurine

Glutamine, Glutamic acid, and Ornithine-α-Ketoglutarate

Glycine, Serine, and Threonine

Histidine

Branched Chain Amino Acids (Isoleucine, Leucine, Valine)

Lysine

Phenylalanine and Tyrosine

Tryptophan

See also

Further Reading

Antioxidants

Introduction

Cardiovascular Disease

Cancer

Other Diseases Associated with Oxidative Damage

Possible Explanations for the Disagreement between the Findings of Observational Studies and Clinical Trials

Conclusion

See also

Further Reading

Appetite: Physiological and Neurobiological Aspects

Glossary

Appetite Expression

Interrelated Levels of the System

Psychological Experiences: Hunger, Satiety, and the Satiety Cascade

Central Neural Processes: Structure of the Appetite System

Peripheral Physiological Signals

Integration of Episodic and Tonic Signals Within the CNS

Summary

See also

Further Reading

Appetite: Psychobiological and Behavioral Aspects

Glossary

The Nature of Feeding Behavior and Appetite Control

Learned Appetites, Satieties, and Feeding Behavior

Methodological Issues

Meal Patterns, Appetite, and Energy Balance

Social and Situational Influences on Feeding Behavior

Diet Composition and Appetite

How do Macronutrients and Energy Density Affect Satiety?

Diet Composition and Satiety to Prevent Weight Gain

See also

Further Reading

Arthritis

Definitions and Etiology

Prevalence

Clinical Features

Role of Diet in the Management of Inflammatory Arthritis

Conclusions

Role of Diet in the Management and Prevention of Degenerative Arthritis

Shifts in Dietary and Activity Patterns and Body Composition Seem to be Occurring More Rapidly

Rapid Social Change is Important: Urbanization, Rapid Demographic Change, and Other Behavioral Changes are Occurring Simultaneously

Health Effects: Is the Biology Different? Rather, Do We Have Different Social Structures and Body Composition Patterns That Affect BMI–Disease Relationships? Are There Genetic Variants That Are Important?

Details

About the Editor

Lindsay H Allen

Affiliations and Expertise

University of California Davis, USA

Andrew Prentice

Andrew Prentice is Professor of International Nutrition at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. He leads the Medical Research Council's International Nutrition Group which is based in London and The Gambia. His research interests have encompassed human energy metabolism and obesity as well as maternal and child nutrition in developing

countries.

Affiliations and Expertise

London School of Tropical Medicine, UK

About the Editor-in-Chief

Benjamin Caballero

Dr. Caballero is Professor of International Health at the Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Professor of Pediatrics at the School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University. He has over 20 years of experience as a scholar, researcher and leader in the area of child health and nutrition. He obtained his MD from the University of Buenos Aires and his PhD (in neuroendocrine regulation) from MIT. He started his faculty career at Harvard Medical School, and moved to Johns Hopkins in 1990 to found the Center for Human Nutrition.

Dr. Caballero is a recognized expert on the nutritional needs of children and adults, and on nutrient requirements in undernourished populations. For the past 10 years, he has focused on the problem of childhood obesity in the US and in developing countries, and explored the impact of dietary transition and globalization on health indicators. He is an active participant in key scientific committees advising the US government on issues of diet and health, including the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) Committee, the Expert Panel on Macronutrient Requirements, and the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences. He was a member of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans Advisory Committee, and is currently a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and of the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI).

Dr. Caballero is an active leader in the area of global health, specifically on diet, lifestyle and disease risk. He is Chairman of the Board of the Pan American Health and Education Foundation, in Washington, D.C., and member of the Board of Directors of the International Nutrition Foundation, in Boston, MA. He is a member of the Steering Committee of the Centers of Excellence Network of the Global Health Initiative, National Institutes of Health. Recent awards include the Ancel Keys Prize for achievements in international public health and the Thompson-Beaudette Lectureship from Rutgers University. In 2011 he was named to the Spanish Academy of Nutritional Sciences.

Dr. Caballero is the author of over 150 scientific publications. He is the Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition, a 10-volume work on food production, consumption and biological effects. He is also Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition, which received the Book of the Year Award from the British Medical Association. His Guide to Dietary Supplements summarizes the current scientific basis for the use of mineral and vitamin supplements. His book The Nutrition Transition: Diet and Disease in the Developing World explored the impact of demographic and economic development on diet- and lifestyle-related diseases in developing countries. His book Obesity in China summarizes research conducted in rural and urban China to track the impact of socioeconomic development on health outcomes. He is also co-editor of the most widely used textbook in human nutrition, Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease.

Affiliations and Expertise

Johns Hopkins University, Maryland, U.S.A.

Awards

Doody’s Core Titles 2013, Doody Enterprises

Reviews

"This new edition has been completely revised and expanded to accommodate the enormous growth of the scientific discipline of human nutrition, including the effects of such pivotal events as mapping of the human genome and the discovery that nutrients influence the mutation of viruses. Though comprehensive, the articles are not overly technical, making the work relevant to both general readers and health care practitioners." Summing Up: Essential. --CHOICE Reviews Online, June 2014

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