GTY 154

STUDY

PLAY

Which of the following is NOT a factor associated with successful aging?A. Setting goals and working to achieve themB. Participating in meaningful activitiesC. Adopting a lifestyle to reach maximum level of functioningD. Accepting compulsory Retirement

D. Accepting compulsory retirement

All of the following are used to define age with the exception of:A. Chronological ageB. Functional ageC. Subjective ageD. Cohort age

D. Cohort Age

A good example of functional age is:A. A person between the ages of 65-74B. Retiring from one's employment at 48C. At the age of 58, no longer able to run 20 miles.D. Classifying oneself as "old" or "elderly"

C. At the age of 58, no longer able to run 20 miles

The most important factor in determining subjective age identity is:A. IncomeB. HealthC. Marital StatusD. Education

B. Health

Mrs. Moth recently became a grandmother. The best term to define the change in her life is:A. Social roleB. Functional ageC. Chronological ageD. Subjective age

A. Social role

Why do women tend to associate more negative connotations with aging than do men?A. Women, on average, die earlier than men.B. Women are evaluated on physical attractiveness and reproductive potential, and aging affects both.C. Women lose mental capacity as they age more quickly than men.D. Men think they get better looking with age so they don't mind it as much.

The term "ageism" refers to:A. A composite of ideas and beliefs attached to people as a group or category.B. Avert or hostile attitudes directed toward a group of people.C. Overt action directed toward a group of older people.D. Systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against people because they are old.

D. Systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against people because they are old.

Age discrimination occurs when people act on the basis of negative stereotypes. One common example of age discrimination occurs in:A. Family SettingsB. The workplaceC. Political activitiesD. Leisure Activities

B. The workplace

Research has found that children's books consistently portray the elderly:A. In a positive and non-stereotypical fashionB. In a stereotypical and negative fashionC. In a realistic and positive fashion

B. In a stereotypical and negative fashion

All of the following are facts about aging EXCEPT:A. Nearly a third of people 65 or older in nursing homes.B. The two largest welfare programs in the United States are Social Security and Medicare.C. Most retirees are busy, active, and satisfied with their lives.D. Personality is stable. It does not change with age.

A. Nearly a third of people 65 or older are in nursing homes.

There is little variation in cohorts by gender or ethnic composition.A. TrueB. False

B. False

An example of age cohort would include all college students on particular campus.A. TrueB. False

B. False

Which of the following is NOT a government-based source of financial support for older people?A. Social SecurityB. FAFSAC. MedicareD. Supplemental Security Income (SSI)

B. FAFSA

Transitions are:A. Social changes that occurs as one cohort replaces the otherB. The impact of historical events on the entire society.C. Role changes individuals make as they leave school, take a job, marry, have children, or retire.D. Ways of using age as a social category to group people by status.

C. Role changes individual make as they leave school, take a job, marry, have children, or retire.

Which of the following statements is NOT a characteristic of age grade life events?A. It occurs in every society.B. Most societies have more clearly marked age grades for males than for females.C. Societies may vary in the number of age grades.D. Individual members of society can select the age grade they want to join.

D. Individual members of society can select the age grade they want to join.

An example of cohort effect is:A. An older cohort who believes that living together is wrong, when the younger cohort does not.B. An older cohort is more likely to perform better on intelligence tests than younger cohorts.C.The impact of the Civil Rights movement on the The Lancer family during the 1960's.D. The increase in the need for medical care for our society as people live longer.

A. An older cohort who believes that living together is wrong, when the younger cohort does not.

The best research design to distinguish among age, period, and cohort effects is:A. cross-sectionalB. longitudinalC. secondary dataD. participant observation

B. Longitudinal

All of the following are characteristics of longitudinal research designs EXCEPT: A. They follow a particular group of people over time. B. They provide data about differences between age cohorts.C. They are costly.D. They are factual because of all of the same subjects remain in the study.

D. They are factual because all the same subjects remain in the study.

Which of the following is NOT an example of life course transitions in the family sphere?A. parenthoodB.grandparenthoodC. entering full-time employmentD. marriage

C. Entering full-time employment

One theory which seeks to explain why inequality increases with age is the:A. Age stratification theoryB. Age inequality theoryC. Cumulative disadvantage theoryD.Demographic transition theory

C. Cumulative Disadvantage Theory

The life course of individuals is shaped entirely by the individualA. TrueB. False

B. False

A cross-sectional research design consists of asking people in several age groups the same informationA. TrueB. False

A. True

If there are disorders in the sequencing of the life events, there may be negative consequences for later life transitions.A. TrueB. False

A. Ture

Social Security is an old age government program meant to reduce later life poverty.A. TrueB. False

A. True

Early studies of mental and physical decline in old age suggest:A. Decline in old is inevitableB. Activity in old age does nothing to alleviate mental and physical decline.C. Most active score highest on measures of life satisfactionD. Social Roles are not important for understand "normal" aging.

C. Most active score highest on measures of life satisfaction

A theory is:A. An explanation for how data are collectedB. Background information on social conceptC. A broad explanation that provides the structure for organizing and interpreting multiple observable facts and their relationship to one another.D. Another world for hypothesis

C. A broad explanation that provides the structure for organizing and interpreting multiple observable facts and their relationship to one another

For both the disengagement and activity theories, the_________ is the subject matter.A. IndividualB. GroupC. Social SystemD. Mind

A. Individual

The Disengagement theory developed by Cummings and Henry states that:A. It is best for people to stay active and to resist the shrinkage of her social world.B. Normal aging involves a natural and inevitable withdrawal from people in the social system.C. Aging is a continuous processD. People who share similar interests, problems, and concerns age well.

B. Normal aging involves a natural and inevitable withdrawal from people in the social system.

The continuity theory uses:A. A life course perspective to define normal aging and to distinguish it from pathological again.B. Role models to establish how successful older adults are again.C. Objective test to measure the aging processD. Subjective test to measure the aging process

A. A life course perspective to define normal aging and to distinguish it from pathological aging.

The most controversial element of the continuity theory is the definition of:A. activityB. successful agingC. life satisfactionD. normal aging

D. Normal aging

Recent studies have found the exchange theory useful in explaining:A. social support and transition between generations.B. Gender differences in the aging processC. retirement patterns of different cohorts.D. the decline in the status of adults

A. Social Support and transition between generations

The social constructionist approach views the individual:A. as capable of interpreting his/her social reality.B. as incapable of defining his/her social reality.C. perspective on rational choiceD. perspective on non-rational choice

A. as capable of interpreting his/her social reality

An underlying assumption of age stratification is:A. All societies group people into social categoriesB. All societies rank individuals on ascribed characteristicsC. All societies rank individuals on achieved characteristics

A. All societies group people into social categories

An age-integrated institution is characterized by:A. Distinct activities for specific age groupsB. Social norms based on chronological ageC. Absence of chronological age as means of entrance, participation, or exit.D. social norms based on functional age.

C. Absence of chronological age as means of entrance, participation, or exit.

A major criticism of political economy theory:A. ignores public polices B. it ignores individual actors and their motivation.C. it ignores the status of the elderly.D. it ignores the economy.

Most people are involved in bother age-intergrated and age-segregated activities.A. TrueB. False

A. True

The political economy theories view old age as socially constructed process created through power struggles.A. TrueB. False

A. True

Feminist Theories:A. Are formalized theory such as Activity Theory.B. seek to prove that masculinity and femininity are not social constructed C. are only studied by womenD. are actually an approach that use theory to illustrate gender differences in decision making and outcomes of men and women

D. Are actually an approach that use theory to illustrate gender differences in decision making and outcomes of men and women

________ is the study of population processes- fertility, mortality, and migration. A. Social GerontologyB. Age StratificationC. DemographyD. Life Course

C. Demography

The central clearing house for all national population in the United States is:A. Center for Disease ControlB. Center for Economic AnalysesC. National Center on StatisticsD. Bureau of Census

D. Bureau of Census

_____ is the greatest number of years any member of a species has been known to survive. A. Life expectancyB. Sex RatioC. Life spanD. Cohort

C. Life Span

All of the following ways in which the population age stucture changes except:A. Fertility rateB. Mortality rateC. Sex ratioD. Migration

C. Sex Ratio

A ______ displays the age structure of a populationA. CohortB. Sex RatioC. Population PyramidD. Life Span

C. Population Pyramid

According the the Demographic Transition, the second stage is characterized by:A. High birth and death ratesB. Declining births and death ratesC. Low birth and death ratesD. Low birth but high death rates

B. Declining births and death rates

Average life expectancy in Africa in the year 2000 was only 46, due in large part to deaths from:A. PneumoniaB. HIV/AIDSC. Avian FluD. Polio

B. HIV/AIDS

An example of middle-aged nation population pyramid is:A. AfricaB. JapanC. IndiaD. South Korea

D. South Korea

All of the following were factors which contributed to the decline in the fertility rate of women between 1971 and 1980 EXCEPT:A. birth control pillB. labor force participationC. increase in educational opportunities for womenD. the environmental movement

D. The environmental movement

The leading cause of death in the United States for the 65 and older population is:A. cancerB. heart diseaseC. strokeD. influenza and pneumonia

A. heart disease

Over the last 15 years the racial differences in mortality rate (higher mortality rates for African Americans) has:A. declined for men but not womenB. declined for both men and womenC. increased significantlyD. stated the same

B. declined for both men and women

Most recent immigrants to the U.S. can trace their ancestry to:A. EuropeB. AfricaC.AsiaD. Asia and Latin America

D. Asia and Latin America

When large numbers of young people move into a country, the age structure appears:A. olderB. widerC. youngerD. older and wider

C. younger

The increase in female life expectancy has numerous consequences. All of the following are consequences EXCEPT:A. The majority of older women are singleB. The majority of older women are marriedC. Women without caregivers are likely to be institutionalizedD. older women without spouses have higher poverty rates.

B. the majority of older women are married.

One of the most pressing issues of the quality of life in the twenty-first century is:A. incomeB. social supportC. health careD. housing

C. health care

The decline in mortality from heart disease varies significantly with level of education.A. TrueB. False

A. True

A younger age structure can lead to strain on the education system:A. TrueB. False

A. True

All of the following are characteristics of social assistance programs EXCEPT:A. it is indirect payment to individuals through the tax system.B. Programs under this category contain eligibility criteria.C. the programs are typically paid through income taxesD. the social assistance programs derive from sixteenth century British System for poor relief.

A. it is indirect payment to individuals through the tax system.

Social insurance programs have, as their main purpose, to:A. provide help to individuals who meet certain means tests.B. provide economic security over the life course and prevent people from falling into destitution.C. provide economic security to people during their middle years of the life courseD. provide a tax break to individuals

B. provide economic security over the life course and prevent people from falling into destitution

The replacement rate for Social Security refers to the amount of pre-retirement pay that is replaced by Social Security. For low wage earners, the replacement rate is _____ when compared to higher wage earners.A. lowerB. higherC. none.D. the same

B. Higher

One reason that SSI doesnt adequately protect the poorest elderly is:A. people spend the money too quickly when they get it.B. payments are eliminated if the recipient lives with a relativeC. many older people are unwilling to undergo a means test, because it is embarrassingD. the program is set up so that the payments only come once a year

C. many older people are unwilling to under a means test because it is embarrassing.

Meicare contains Part A,B, and C. Part B pays for which of the following:A. HospitalizationB. Doctor's office visitC. Nursing home careD. Community-based service care

B. Doctors's office visit

The most recent change to Medicare was the addition of Medicare Part D, which added:A. coverage for family membersB. a prescription drug benefitC. coverage for medical equipmentD.coverage for physical therapy

B. a prescription drug benefit

Current debates about how social programs should be allocated center on which two issues:A. Equity and fiscal alignmentB. Need and equityC. Age and NeedD. Balance and fiscal responsibility

C. Age and Need

The ideal housing policy would provide a continuum of services. These services would range from:A. independent to community-based care.B. independent to institutional care.C. semi-independent to community-based care.D. semi-independent to institutional care.

B. Independent to institutional care

Benefit levels for social security are determined by a formula that reflects length of time worked and the amount of wages earned.A. TrueB. False

A. True

Medicare is national health insurance program for all people 62 years and older who are also eligible for Social Security.A. TrueB. False

B. False

According to the _____ theory, the aging process is programmed into each cell of our bodies.A. free radicalB. genetic controlC. cross-linkageD. immune function

B. genetic control

Which type of theory emphasizes aging as a result of random damage?A. Developmental/ Genetic theoriesB. Life CourseC. EnvironmentalD. Pathological

C. Environmental

Which theory has been used to help explain Alzheimer's disease?A. Somatic mutationB. Free radicalC. Wear and tearD. Immune function

B. Free radical

All of the following are considered to be activities of daily living (ADLs) except: A. readingB. bathingC.eatingD. toileting

A. reading

Often on the hands of older people one may see purple bruises. They are called:A. lentigoB. malignant melanomaC. neuronsD.senile purpura

D. senile purpura

There are different types nerves in the peripheral nervous system. Which nerves carry outgoing information from the central nervous system to muscles and glands throughout the body?A. neuronsB. sensoryC. motorD. vagal

C. motor

Which of the following is NOT a social consequence of hearing loss?A. people are likely to feel lonely and left out of groupB. people have difficulty paying attentionC. people are encouraged by family members to engage in conversationsD. people do not enjoy their free time

C. people are encouraged by family members to engage in conversations

Older ____ are more likely to die from excessive heat.A. womenB. menC. men who live aloneD. women in institutions

A. women

Women are at greater risk of developing osteoporosis because:A. their bones are smaller than menB. their bones are heavier than mensC. they dont drink as much milk as menD. they deplete their calcium stores by doing most of the housework.

A. their bones are smaller than mens

The most cited reason for disability in older people is:A. diabetesB. declining visionC. hearing lossD. arthritis

Older people are less computer savvy than younger people. Which of the following is NOT a reason for this lack of computer expertise?A. older people have had less exposure to new technologies and feel less confident about their abilities to use the computer.B. older people take longer to complete computer trainingC. older people lack the money to purchase a computerD. older people have more problems working with computers mouse due to motor control and manual dexterity.

C. Older people lack the money to purchase a computer.

There are two categories of theories for explaining the cause of Alzheimer's disease. One general category is genetic disposition. The other one is:A. biological influencesB. lack of social support systemC. nutritionD. environmental influence

D. Environmental influences

A type of mental disorder which affects memory, cognitive functions, and personality to a degree sufficient to interfere with normal activities and social functioning is:A. depressionB. dementiaC. parkinson's diseaseD psychoses

B. Dementia

One of the reasons women tend to be more depressed then men is:A. women have more biological tendencies to be depressedB. Men are more likely than women to remarry if widowed or divorced, so have more social support.C. men have stronger emotional constitutions so dont get depressed as easy.D. women watch too many sad movies and this makes them depressed

B. men are more likely than women to remarry if widowed or divorced, so have more social support.

Rates of depression are especially high among:A. widowed females and malesB. nursing home residentsC. older adults who have never marriedD. low income older adults

B. Nursing home residents

According to the trait theory, personality can be organized into five major factors. Which of the following is not one of these factors:A. opennessB. closenessC. neuroticismD. conscientiousness

B. closeness

The tip-of-the tongue phenonmenon is a sympton of Alzheimer's disease.A. TrueB. False

B. False

New researce suggest individuals experience stages of identity development differently depending on their race, ethnicity, gender, and social circumstances.A. TrueB. False

A. True

The ____ were pioneers in a man's world. They had strong career ambitions and guarded against distractions.A. innovatorsB. traditionalistsC. retreatistsD. expansives

A. innovators

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of clinical depression?A. loss of speechB. loss of appetiteC. faitgueD. difficulties in thinking and concentration

A. loss of speech

Among older adults, studies have found that family members provide more:A. emotional supportB. financial supportC. instrumental supportD. daily support

C. instrumental support

People are more likely than ever to grow older in four or even five generation family. This phenomenon is termed:A. horizontalizationB. family life cycleC. extended familyD. bean pole family

D. bean pole family

The risk of divorce is higher during the :A. middle years of marriageB. early years of marriageC. later years of marriage

Marital satisfaction varies in retirement. Which of the following categories has the highest level of well-being in retirement?A. Wives and husbands who retire together and share household choresB. WIves who continue to work after husband retireC. Husbands who continue to work after wives retireD. Wives and husbands, who are retired, yet continue to work

A. Wives and husbands who retire together and share household chores.

Elderly parents, grandparents, or spouses may be abused for a number of reasons. Which theory notes that an abuser might have been a victim of abuse in the past and later became the abuser?A. Learned Violence theoryB. Socialization theoryC. Stressed care-giver hypothesisD. Dependency hypothesis

A. Learned Violence Theory

Pruchno's study found that the primary reason grandparents began caring for their grandchildren was due to:A. economic crisesB. Spouse abuseC.Drug or alcohol addictionD. mental illness

C. Drug or alcohol addiction

Middle aged parents who interact regularly with their parents provide a source of:A. socialization for the childrenB. role model for the childrenC. social identity for the childrenD. well-being for the children

B. Role model for the children

There is life course pattern to the grandparent-grandchild relationship. It is called: A. grandparents careerB. grandparent roleC. grandparent normD. grandparent commitment

A. grandparents career

The Long Island Long-Term Marriage Survey found that the happiest couples are those who share their lives and have compatible interest and values.A. TrueB. False

A. True

The convoy model of social support provides emotaional but not tangible support over the life course:A. TrueB. False

B. False

Older women are much more likely than older men to live:A. aloneB. with childrenC. with siblingsD. in a retirement home

A. Alone

___ is the term for the movement of older people to the Sun Belt.A. aging in placeB. Geographic movementC. residential movementD. migratory stream

D. Migratory Stream

"Aging in place" is risky because:A. the neighborhood becomes more dangerousB. lack of access to neighborhood servicesC. increased social isolationD. both B & C

D. Both B and C

Most residents of board and care home are:A. divorces caucasian femalesB.widowed caucasian femalesC. single caucasian femalesD. married caucasian females

B. Widowed caucasian females

Assisted living facilities are a significant trend in housing for the elderly. All of the following are characteristics of assisted living facilities EXCEPT:A. they provide social activities and transportation for residentsB. they help residents age in placeC. they retain residents suffering from dementiaD. they provide meals and personal care for residents

C. they retain residents suffering from dementia

The continuing care retirement commnuites grew out of the:A.women's movementB. social protest movmentC. care concept developed by religious groups for the care of aging lay people and clergy.D. care concept developed by the political movement, gray panthers, whose founder was maggie kuhn

C. care concept developed by religious groups for the care of aging lay people and clergy.

One of the advantages of continuing care retirement communities is the friendship networks. These friends are frequently determined by:A. genderB.chronological ageC. social classD. marital status

D. marital status

A major problem with continuing care retirement communities is the:A. staffB. costC.social activitiesD. range of services

B. cost

Board and care homes are a lot like nursing homes.A. TrueB. False

B. False

the increase in work among older men can be attributed in part to which of the following?A. Changes in the social security regulationsB. the rise in standard of living among menC. the need for men to "prove themselves" in the workplaceD. a rise in the demand for more experienced workers in the labor force

A. changes in the social security regulations

Women experience different patterns of work throughout their lives than do men due to the time they take off for childrearing and caring for aging parents. The disadvantages to this include all of the following EXCEPT:A. they make a lower wage overallB. they may not have pension benefits or health insurance, which normally come through a full-time jobC. They have fewer marketable skills when re-entering the workforce at a later ageD. They are unable to put to use the advanced or specialized degrees they may have gotten.

D. They are unable to put to use the advanced or specialized degrees they may have gotten

There are several factors responsible for the increase in volunteer work among older people. Which of the following is NOT one of them?A. Better TransportationB. More educationC. Financial SecurityD. Better Health

A. Better transportaion

Congress passed the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to address age discrimination in employment.A. TrueB. False

A. True

There are numerous factors related to religious involvement and well-being. Which of the following is not related to the impact of religion on adaptation to aging?A. it can improve one's employment prospectsB. it can increase self-esteemC. it can enhance life satisfaction D. it can reduce symptoms of depression

A. it can improve one's employment prospects

There are several barriers to participating in leisure time pursuits among the elderly. Which of the following is not one these barriers?A. Educational LevelB. Economic ResourcesC. Poor HealthD. Lack of Transportation

A. Educational Level

A process in which workers can scale back their work responsibilities in order to ease into full retirement is termed:A. bridge jobsB. contingent workC. consultant workD. phased retirement

D. phased retirement

The increase in life expectancy is referred to as the compression of morbidity thesis. Which of the following does NOT contribute to a longer life expectancy?A. Advances in medical technologyB.Greater access to health careC. Greater access to transportationD. Changes in lifestyles

C. Greater access to transportation

The degree of difficulty that people experience in performing activities of daily life is:A. functional capabilityB. diagnostic measurementC. functional statusD.dysfunctional tasks

C. functional status

In a recent study done regarding the intensity of exercise vs the quantity, what did the researchers discover?A. that the amount of exercise one does may be more important that the intensityB. that the intensity of exercise made the biggest differenceC. that there are no limits on how much one can exercise in a weekD.that the quantity of exercise made no significant difference in the aerobic fitness of the patients.

A. that the amount of exercise one does may be more important that the intensity.

There are advantages and disadvantages to alcohol consumption. Which of the following is NOT an advantage?A. moderate alcohol consumption decreases the risk of a strokeB. alcohol consumption enables people to lose weightC. alcohol consumption appears to protect against heart diseaseD. people who drink an occasional glass of wine with dinner have a lower risk of mortality than nondrinkers.

B. Alcohol consumption enables people to lose weight

The theory that indicates that people who begin life with greater resources continue to have the opportunities to accumulate them in later years is:A. convergence theoryB. cumulative advantage/disadvantage theoryC. contingent theoryD.income disparity theory

B. Cumulative Disadvantage/advantage Theory

The ethnic group with the highest risk of diabetes, high blood pressure and stroke is:A. asian americansB. african americansC. hispanics/ latinosD. native americans

B. African Americans

The racial differences in diet, smoking, and activity level can almost always be explained by differences in:A.life styleB. educationC. incomeD. occupation

B. education

The ethnic group, on the whole, that is healthier than other ethnic groups is:A. african americansB.asian americansC.hispanics/latinosD.native americans

B. asian americans

Some studies have found that physicians have a/an ____ view of older people.A. uncaringB. childlikeC. biasedD. unhealthy

C. Biased

the first stage of the epidemiological transition is characterized by a decline in deaths from epidemics and famine.A. TrueB. False

B. False

The number of people who smoke has steadily been declining for the last 20 years.A. TrueB. False

A. True

Several studies have found social support to have a positive effect on the cardiovascular, endocrine, and immune systems.A. TrueB. False

A. True

Until the 1950's the primary means for reimbursing physicians was through:A. Health insuranceB. Fee for serviceC.payment planD. social insurance plan

B. Fee for service

Capatation refers to a method of payment in which reimbursements to health provider is set after the service is provided.A. TrueB. False

B. False

The process of entering a nursing home as a private pay, depleting one's income and access and becoming poor, is known as:A.medical downsizingB. Financial downsizingC. Spending upD. Spending down

D. spending down

According to Jaber Gubrium's book living and Dying at Murray Manor, the most wrenching loss when moving into a nursing home is:A. independenceB.friendsC.familiar placesD. familiar furniture or objects

A. Independence

The ombudsman program protects against abuse in nursing homes. All of the following are duties of the ombudsman EXCEPT:A. monitoring the quality of care in nursing homes.B. terminating abusive employeesC. reporting complaints to other regulatory agencies.D. gathering information

B. Terminating abusive employees

Instrumental activities of daily living involve such tasks as keeping track of money and running errands.A. True B. False

A. True

Research shows that families do not withdraw support when home and community based services are provided, but the disabled elderly receive more care.A. TrueB. False

A. True

Which of the following activities is NOT one performed by home and community based services?A. House KeepingB. Case ManagementC. Travel PlansD. Personal Care

C. Travel Plans

Abuse of the elderly by caregivers is more likely to involve:A. physical abuseB.neglectC. financial abuseD. emotional abuse

B. neglect

The primary caregiver, in all studies, usually are:A. sonsB. siblingsC. womenD. friends

C. women

One study examining stress for women caring for a parent with Alzheimer's disease found that the greatest source of stress was:A. Caregivers spousesB. ChildrenC. SiblingsD. Spouse of parent

C. siblings

Two problems create high turnover rate among home health aides. They are:A. transportation and trainingB. low wages and transportationC. low wages and poor working conditionsD. poor working conditions and training

C. low wages and poor working conditions

Research has shown that he highest quality of care is provided in homes operated by:A. profit-making companiesB.nonprofit organizationsC.small "mom and pop" teamsD. educational organizations

B. nonprofit organizations

There is a gender gay in caregiving--women find it more stressful than men. This gap disappears when:A. women care for children and not parentsB. women care for parents and not childrenC.women care for in-lawsD. husbands and wives care for each other

D. husbands and wives care for each other.

The dead are instilled with special powers and considered potentially harmful in many___ societies.A. agrarianB.easternC.native americanD.preliterate

D. preliterate

When facing death, in what stage does a person promise good behavior in the hope God will grant an extension of life?A. angerB. denialC.bargainingD. confusion

C. bargaining

Who has the highest rate of suicide among those aged 65 and older, according to the U.S. Census Bureau?A. African American WomenB. Hispanic MenC. White MenD. Asian Men

C. White Men

Suicide among the elderly often occurs without:A. physical or mental illnessB. depressionC. discussion of dyingD. warning

Hospices do NOT provide which of the following services:A. medications and treatmentB. rehabilitationC. funeral planningD. emotional, social, and spiritual support

C. Funeral planning

According to the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization, the main source of payment support for hospice care in 1995 was:A. private insuranceB. private pay.C. charitable donationsD. Medicare

D. Medicare

According to research, older people who lose a close relative survive longer when they have intimates ties to a/an:A. adult childB.close friendC.support groupD. siblings

The elderly today benefited from the rising tide of prosperity in the post World War II era. Which of the following statements is NOT related to this prosperity?A. High marriage ratesB. Stable employment historiesC. Stable Low divorce ratesD. Low birth rates

D. low birth rates

Demographers currently predict that the ____ will enter retirement with more savings, better pensions coverage, and greater prosepects for inheriting wealth than any other generation.A. echo boomersB. baby boomersC. baby bust cohortD. silent cohort

reducing benefits is another option to preserve Social Security. Which group of people are likely to be the most adversely affected by reducing benefits?A. low income elderlyB.middle income elderlyC.upper income elderlyD. corporate elderly

A. Low income elderly

Which of the follwoing is NOT a characteristic of defined benefit plans?A. they typically pay lump benefitsB. the amount of benefits is based on years of service and prior earnings.C. They are not indexied to inflationD. Funds may not be invested wisely, thus there are not enough to cover all those eligible for them.

Defined contribution plans represent a savings plan with some tax advantages. Which of the following is NOT a problem with defined contribution plans?A. the plan is involuntaryB. the plan is voluntaryC. Workers may withdraw funds before retirementD. Workers sometimes are encouraged or required to place all their contributions into company stock

A. The plan is involuntary

Saving rates are lower among the elderly because they spend their money on:A. health care and housingB. Their childrenC. VacationsD. Jewelry

A. health care and housing

The primary policy tool of government are the power to tax and power to spend.A. TrueB. False

A. True

In the last 40 years, there has been a vast improvement in the economic position of the aged.A. True B. False

A. True

One of the changes contributing to the decrease in the Social Security trust fund is decline in the birthrateA. TrueB. False

A. True

According to the theory of cumulative disadvantage, inequality begins with those who have greater resources and more opportunities to ____ additional resources.A. occupyB. ownC. acquireD. develop

C. Acquire

Among older men and women, regardless of ethnic group, women are less likely to receive income from:A. pensionsB. assetsC. stocksD. social security

A pensions

With respect to Social Security, people receiving the highest lifetime earnings receive the ____ benefits in terms of dollars receivedA. lowestB. highest.C. longest.D. consistent

B. Highest

Date have indicated that women earn lower wages than men. In 2006, women earn ____ percent of what men earned.A. 77B. 40C.10D. 86

A. 77

Poverty increases among women if they divorce. Which of the following statements does NOT reflect the eligibility requirements for spousal benefit after a divorce?A. they must be at least 60 years old.B. they must have been married for 10 yearsC. they must not be currently marriedD. they must not be currently employed

D. They must not be currently employed

The current spouse and survivor benefits are based on particular family type. It is the:A. nuclear/traditional familyB. extended familyC. single parent familyD. blended family

The prosperity for some Asian groups can be explained by the high value they emphasize on:A. investment/savingB. family support systemC. hard workD. education

D. Education

Dual entitle under Social Security refers to men and women who have worked outside the home and are eligible for benefits as well as for benefits as a spouse.A.TrueB. False

A. True

Native Americans tend to live on reservations in which they are isolated from other groups and have little change to economic growth. Due to these factors, among ethnic groups, Native Americans have the highest umemployment and:A. disability ratesB. birth ratesC. mortality ratesD. suicide rates

C. Mortality Rates

Among older adultsA. political activity increases with increased incomeB. political activity decreases with increased incomeC. political activity is limited to local issuesD. political activity is limited to national issues

B. Political activity decreases with increased income

Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, women of all age groups supported Democratic candidates more strongly than men. They supported Democratic candidates because they were:A. pro educationB. pro choiceC. pro labor force participationD. pro environmental issues

C. Pro labor force participation

Retrospective voting is a type of bloc voting and occurs when:A. voters give votes to candidates based on promises made.B. the elderly voters withhold votes to candidates based on judgement of past performance.C. voters tell their friends not to vote for a candidate based on past performanceD. elderly voters do not vote but think about the past time in which they have voted.

B. The elderly voters withhold votes to candidates based on judgement of past performance.

the largest older adult voluntary organization is the:A. National Council of Senior Citizens.B. Gray PanthersC. National Association of Retired Federal Employees.D. American Association of Retired Persons.

D. American Association of Retired Persons

The main role of old age interest groups has been that of:A. lobbying for benefitsB. winning for new benefitsC. protecting existing benefitsD. proposing new benefits

C. Protecting existing benefits

Older people are ____ likely of all age groups to support a social movement.A. moreB. highlyC. leastD. rarely

C. Least

An example of an entitlement program is:A. community-based home health careB. MedicareC. Income tax rebateD. reverse mortgages

B. Medicare

Women and men throughtout the 1980s and 1990s have distributed their votes differently. A. TrueB. False

A. True

Older people are more likely to engage in bloc voting than any other age group.A. TrueB. False

B. False

The first major social movement consisting primarily of older people was the Townsend movement.A. TrueB. False

A. True

The entitlement program debate is really a struggle over the future of Social Security and MedicareA. TrueB. False

A. True

The group among Hispanics/Latinos with the lowest rate of labor force participation and lowest level of education is:A. CubansB. MexicansC. ColumbiansD. Puerto Ricans

D. Puerto Ricans

Hispanic/Latinos are sometimes ineligible for Medicare due to:A. Language barriersB. Employment in occupations not covered by Social Security.C. Low wagesD. Low levels of educations