{"files"=>["https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/358120", "https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/358213"], "description"=>"<div><p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple human tumours of lymphoid and epithelial origin. The virus infects and immortalizes B cells establishing a persistent latent infection characterized by varying patterns of EBV latent gene expression (latency 0, I, II and III). The CDK1 activator, Response Gene to Complement-32 (RGC-32, C13ORF15), is overexpressed in colon, breast and ovarian cancer tissues and we have detected selective high-level RGC-32 protein expression in EBV-immortalized latency III cells. Significantly, we show that overexpression of RGC-32 in B cells is sufficient to disrupt G2 cell-cycle arrest consistent with activation of CDK1, implicating RGC-32 in the EBV transformation process. Surprisingly, RGC-32 mRNA is expressed at high levels in latency I Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cells and in some EBV-negative BL cell-lines, although RGC-32 protein expression is not detectable. We show that RGC-32 mRNA expression is elevated in latency I cells due to transcriptional activation by high levels of the differentially expressed RUNX1c transcription factor. We found that proteosomal degradation or blocked cytoplasmic export of the RGC-32 message were not responsible for the lack of RGC-32 protein expression in latency I cells. Significantly, analysis of the ribosomal association of the RGC-32 mRNA in latency I and latency III cells revealed that RGC-32 transcripts were associated with multiple ribosomes in both cell-types implicating post-initiation translational repression mechanisms in the block to RGC-32 protein production in latency I cells. In summary, our results are the first to demonstrate RGC-32 protein upregulation in cells transformed by a human tumour virus and to identify post-initiation translational mechanisms as an expression control point for this key cell-cycle regulator.</p> </div>", "links"=>[], "tags"=>["upregulation", "cell-cycle", "rgc-32", "epstein-barr", "virus-immortalized", "cells"], "article_id"=>130782, "categories"=>["Molecular Biology", "Cancer", "Genetics"], "users"=>["Sandra N. Schlick", "C. David Wood", "Andrea Gunnell", "Helen M. Webb", "Sarika Khasnis", "Aloys Schepers", "Michelle J. West"], "doi"=>["https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028638.s001", "https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028638.s002"], "stats"=>{"downloads"=>0, "page_views"=>0, "likes"=>0}, "figshare_url"=>"https://figshare.com/articles/Upregulation_of_the_Cell_Cycle_Regulator_RGC_32_in_Epstein_Barr_Virus_Immortalized_Cells/130782", "title"=>"Upregulation of the Cell-Cycle Regulator RGC-32 in Epstein-Barr Virus-Immortalized Cells", "pos_in_sequence"=>0, "defined_type"=>4, "published_date"=>"2011-12-06 00:13:02"}