Contending that there are in India, today, two paradigms of forestryone life-enhancing, the other life-destroying (p 92), Shiva contrasts indigenous and colonialist approaches to forestry by describing the former as ecological and derived from the feminine principle and the latter as reductionistic, exploitative, and patriarchal. After describing the detrimental effects of scientific, market-driven forestry practices on both the environment and women, she discusses the contemporary Chipko movement as an example of resurgent indigenous wisdom and local resistance to wasteland development.