Backyard Chooks

Backyard Chooks - Why Not?

Sceptics say that you can’t have a garden with chooks. They dig up plants, they make a mess of mulch, they leave droppings around, but this could be said of many pets. My experience is that a garden just isn’t one without them. To see them strutting around the lawn, or lying down and stretching out their wings to soak up the sunshine brings colour and movement to a backyard like nothing else. Even though many of the varieties don’t necessarily make cuddly pets, hens have a lot more to offer than just their good looks and amusing antics. They do know whose hand it is that feeds them.

And after all that,

They eat leftovers. Mine only have to hear the back door opening to race helter-skelter to me to see what’s on offer. My father often comes to visit to bring some leftover goodies to the chooks and they know him well enough to follow him around, like the Pied Piper, especially when he’s holding a bag which is rustling a bit. Families with young children know what it’s like to throw out half-finished bits of food from fussy eaters. Chooks aren’t bothered about where the food has come from. Soggy cornflakes, mashed potato, bits of meat or mince, stale biscuits: mine love pasta and rice. There goes the guilt about the throwing away perfectly good food, or worst still, piling on the kilos when you eat your children’s leftovers – give it to the chooks.

They make wonderful composters. I still use a compost heap but it doesn’t get fed nearly as much as the chooks. Fruit and vege peelings and weeds get thrown into their run. If they don’t like some of the bits and pieces, they’ll just leave them, but you won’t see them again. By all their scratchings and pecking, the unwanted parts become recycled into the soil in their run.

They poo. Good gardeners know about the value of chicken manure and there is an endless supply of it with chooks. You can also be sure it’s free of other contaminants. When composted (that’s why I still have compost heaps), the manure mixed with some of the bedding used in their chook shed feeds my thankful garden.

They love the seed heads on weeds. If allowed to roam about your garden, grassy weeds are kept under control by the chooks who love to feed on them. Even the oxalis in their run doesn’t dare pop out of the soil any more.

They eat insects and creepy crawlies. Not all, but there are some which don’t stand a chance with chooks, especially grubs.

Have I mentioned eggs? Of course, the cackleberry. A supply of eggs, which you know are fresh, with deep orange yolks and firm whites, to have as a quick, nutritious meal or to make delicious sponges and cakes. The pleasure you get when you can give them away (and even sell in times of abundance) can’t even be measured in terms of cost. In this small measure you are treading lightly on this earth and contributing in a positive way, by allowing the hen to live and produce in a calm and natural manner, rather than relying on supermarket eggs, whose claims to be free range can be spurious at best….

The sceptics say that you can’t have a garden with chooks. It’s true in a sense if you let the chickens have “free range” wherever they like. They do create dustbowls in areas where there is bare soil, because dust bathing is their way of keeping themselves clean. But they won’t do that if there is something already growing well in that position. They can create havoc amongst young plants, especially vegetable seedlings, but there are ways of guarding against that. At my place, there are certain times of the year when they can only stay in their fenced off outside run, rather than through my vegie patch. Once the seedlings are strong enough to look after themselves, the chooks aren’t interested. Beds that contain tender plants like lettuce are guarded with some low edging, probably to the height of the chook. This doesn’t have to be permanent: some bamboo stakes through some wire mesh is ample. This has also been done around my fruit trees because they love scrounging through mulch to see what delectable insects they might find.

For those who are very precious about their garden and still want to keep chooks, there is a way, which is still infinitely more humane than battery conditions. Short of attaching an outside run to their permanent shelter (the chook shed), the henhouse can be run on a “deep litter” system. Even if you only have enough space for a shed, this is still large enough to house half a dozen chooks. This would contain a deep amount of dry bedding, such as a combination of wood shavings, straw, shredded newspaper etc etc to soak up the manure and provide some place for them to scratch. This might also be the solution if you are concerned about integrating them with other pets, such as dogs. For more detail on the deep litter system, there are references below.

Foxes and vermin can be a problem. The number of foxes in our urban and suburban areas is astounding, and a fresh chook makes a tasty meal. The chook shed must be strong enough to withstand a fox attack, who prowl about at night. Once we were alerted to a fox, as brazen as can be, on a late summer’s afternoon in our backyard. The chooks were squawking madly and running about in all directions which bamboozled the normally wily fox, until we came out to see what all the commotion was about. He got away, but not with his evening’s meal. That’s why foxes normally visit only overnight, because a chook, once asleep, is easy prey – unless securely locked up by dusk. Other vermin include the rat and mouse variety, which we keep under control by blocking up any small holes through which they can enter and not leaving food and grain lying about. They don’t bother the chooks but they bother me!

Those who keep chooks think they’re wonderful. There’s a bit of work involved, as with all pets, but the rewards for your garden, your stomach and for the environment make the effort worth it. For more details, there are many good website references, or books such as Jackie French’s “Chook Book” or Alanna Moore’s “Backyard Poultry”; available at good book stores or at Bulleen Art & Garden.

Maria Ciavarella is My Green Garden, a business that provides a local and experienced resource for talks, demonstrations and workshops for councils and community groups, at festivals and at her home on many aspects of sustainable gardening practices, especially in the area of growing food, preserving food and cooking with the bounty of the organic garden.