Malloy used two executive orders, his ninth and tenth, to make the first steps toward forcing these workers to pay union dues like most state employees – a boon to the very unions Malloy frustrated with the concessions he negotiated and the layoffs he threatened.

At the AFSCME Council 4 rate of $21.80 a month, the state’s 4,000 day care providers would add just over $1 million to the union coffers.