In this file photo, a shaman healer performs a traditional ritual in which tobacco smoke is blown over Ayahuasca extract. In the ritual, the shaman sings “icaros” or healing songs after patients have drunk the extract. The songs are supposed to protect and guide the patients while under the hallucinogenic influence of the Ayahuasca extract. Photo: Agence France-Presse

In this file photo, a shaman healer performs a traditional ritual in which tobacco smoke is blown over Ayahuasca extract. In the ritual, the shaman sings “icaros” or healing songs after patients have drunk the extract. The songs are supposed to protect and guide the patients while under the hallucinogenic influence of the Ayahuasca extract. Photo: Agence France-Presse