%0 Journal Article
%J Proteins
%D 2011
%T FINDSITE-metal: integrating evolutionary information and machine learning for structure-based metal-binding site prediction at the proteome level
%A Brylinski, M
%A Skolnick, J
%K Algorithms
%K Artificial Intelligence
%K Binding Sites
%K Biological Evolution
%K Metals
%K Protein Conformation
%K Proteome
%N 3
%P 735-51
%R 10.1002/prot.22913
%V 79
%X The rapid accumulation of gene sequences, many of which are hypothetical proteins with unknown function, has stimulated the development of accurate computational tools for protein function prediction with evolution/structure-based approaches showing considerable promise. In this article, we present FINDSITE-metal, a new threading-based method designed specifically to detect metal-binding sites in modeled protein structures. Comprehensive benchmarks using different quality protein structures show that weakly homologous protein models provide sufficient structural information for quite accurate annotation by FINDSITE-metal. Combining structure/evolutionary information with machine learning results in highly accurate metal-binding annotations; for protein models constructed by TASSER, whose average Cα RMSD from the native structure is 8.9 Å, 59.5% (71.9%) of the best of top five predicted metal locations are within 4 Å (8 Å) from a bound metal in the crystal structure. For most of the targets, multiple metal-binding sites are detected with the best predicted binding site at rank 1 and within the top two ranks in 65.6% and 83.1% of the cases, respectively. Furthermore, for iron, copper, zinc, calcium, and magnesium ions, the binding metal can be predicted with high, typically 70% to 90%, accuracy. FINDSITE-metal also provides a set of confidence indexes that help assess the reliability of predictions. Finally, we describe the proteome-wide application of FINDSITE-metal that quantifies the metal-binding complement of the human proteome. FINDSITE-metal is freely available to the academic community at http://cssb.biology.gatech.edu/findsite-metal/.
%8 2011 Mar
%> http://brylinski.cct.lsu.edu/sites/default/files/biblio/2011_proteins.pdf