Q 1: Why do you think our national movement supported the idea that all adults have a right to vote?

Ans. Under colonial rule, the people had lived in fear of the British govt. & did not agree with many of the decisions that they took.

But they faced great danger if they tried to criticised these decisions.

The freedom movement changed this situation & the nationalists began to openly criticise the British govt & make demands.

They demanded that there be elected members in the legislature with a right to discuss the budget & ask questions.

That is why nationalist movement supported the idea of universal adult franchise, so that the people can take part in the decision making of the country.

Q 2: Use the term ‘Constituency’ and ‘Represent’ to explain who an MLA is and how the person gets elected?

Ans. An MLA is the Member of Legislative Assembly. Each state is divided into different ‘Constituencies’. The MLA is the elected member who represents a particular constituency.

Q 3: Discuss with your teacher the difference between a State Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) and the Parliament (Lok Sabha)

Parliament (Lok Sabha)

State Legislature Assembly (Rajya Sabha)

The Members of Lok Sabha are directly elected by the people

The members of Rajya Sabha are indirectly elected

by members of various legislative assemblies

There are 542 members & 2 are nominated by the President

There are 245 members, out of which 12 are nominated by the President

Its term is for 5 years

It’s term is for 6 years

Lok Sabha can be dissolved by the President That is why, it is known as the Temporary House

It cannot be dissolved because it is a Permanent House & 2/3 of its members retire after every two Years & new members join in their place

Vidhan Sabha (State Legislative Assembly)

Parliament (Lok Sabha)

Vidhan Sabha is the lower house of the state

Lok Sabha is known as lower house of the Parliament

The members of Vidhan Sabha are known as MLAs

The members of Lok Sabha are known as MPs

Q 4: From the list below, identify the work of a State government and that of a Central government?

Ans.

The decision of the Indian Govt. to maintain peaceful relations with China. (Central Govt.)

The decision of the Madhya Pradesh govt. to discontinue Board exams in Class VIII for all schools under this Board. (State Govt.)

Introduction of a new train connection between Ajmer & Mysore (Central govt.)

Introduction of a new 1,000 rupee note (central Govt.)

Q 5: Fill in the blanks

Democratic governments, in our times are usually referred to as representatives’ democracies. In representative democracies, people do not participate -----but, instead, choose their - - --- through an election process. These ---- meet & make decisions for the entire population. These days, a govt. can not call itself democratic unless it allows what is known as ------. This means that all adult citizens in the country are allowed to vote.

Ans.

Democratic governments, in our times are usually referred to as representatives’ democracies. In representative democracies, people do not participate directly but, instead, choose their representative through an election process. These MLA’s meet & make decisions for the entire population. These days, a govt. can not call itself democratic unless it allows what is known as Universal Adult Franchise. This means that all adult citizens in the country are allowed to vote.

Q 6: Why do we have a system where the representatives are elected for a fixed period and not for life?

Ans.

We have a system where the representatives are elected for a fixed period & not for life. This is because –

So that the elected representative may not become strong & try to misuse their powers.

If we will choose a representative for lifetime, it will be against the democracy.

Q 7: Describe the ways other than participating in elections to express approval or disapproval of the actions of government.

Ans.

People participate in ways other than participating in elections & not just through elections to express approval or disapproval of the actions of govt. Three ways in which they do so are

For the election of MLA, the area is divided into various constituencies of a state.

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