lunes, 18 de febrero de 2008

Zinapecuaro

Zinapécuaro

Meaning: "Place of treatment", is an origin word chichimeca

History

At the pre-Hispanic time, the place was put under the territorial dominion of señorío tarasco by Hirépan, Hiquíngare and Tanganxoán, that ordered originated a "CU" or temple, to adore the Cuerecuaperi goddess, "the creative mother of the life and the death" and in whose honor every year is celebrated, the celebration of Sicuindiro.

In century XVI, the region was pacifically dominated by the Spanish conqueror Don Luis Montañez, who approximately founded the town on 1530. A "Republic of Indians" settled in Zinapécuaro for which a Greater Mayorship settled later and a tributary group of judges. The evangelización carried out franciscanos friars to it, whom they built between 1530 and 1536, the temple and the convent.

During the development of the fight by Independence, in October of 1810, they were in the town the insurgent forces of Don Miguel Hidalgo. In the first years of Independent Mexico, the 10 of December of 1831, the creation of the municipality of Zinapécuaro was decreed. Later the title of Villa was granted to him to the municipal head, calling him to it Villa de Figueroa, in memory of the priest of the place and benefactor of the population Don Juan Baptist Figueroa Alcaráz.

Illustrious personages

Juan Figueroa Baptist. - Priest (1760-1843). Rafael Córdova Torso. - Writer and poet (1838-1889). Felipe Creek. - Astronomer, lawyer, writer, musician and scientist. He discovered a star in the constellation of Perseo (1852-1920). Donaciano Carreón. - Politician, hacendista, self-taught and publishing notable (1873-1944). Felix Ireta Breeding grounds. - Major general and Governor of the State (1892-1978). Manuel Log. - Poet (1873-1925). Antonio Quiroz. - Professor. He wrote text books of the State, introducing "lancasteriano" the English method in primary schools (1813-1885). Ismael Vélez. - Lawyer and writer (1875-1918). Leopoldo Zincunegui Third. - Literato (1891-). Rafael Cheek. - Lawyer, Governor of the State, made several social works of importance in the State, between which he emphasizes, the initiation of the construction of the road that crosses the Lake of Cuitzeo (1822-1877).

Average Physicist

Location is located to the northwest of the State, in the coordinates 19º52 ' of North latitude and 100º50 ' of west longitude, to a height of 1.880 meters on the level of the sea. It limits the north with the state of Guanajuato, the west with Maravatío, the south with Hidalgo, and the west with Queréndaro. Its distance to the State Capital is of 50 kms

Extension Its surface is of 580,08 Km2 and represents the 0,98 percent of the total of the State. Orography Their relief constitutes the cross-sectional volcanic system, the mountain range of San Andrés and hills of the Pedrillo, Comalera, Cross, Clavelina, Louse, Monterrey, Young man, Doncellas, Hill of the Rabbit and San Andrés. Hydrography Its hydrography is constituted mainly by the rivers of Zinapécuaro, the Lajas, Water Eye of Bucio and Bocaneo; and it has cold and thermal water springs. Climate Its climate is tempered with rains in summer. It has an annual pluvial precipitation of 622,5 millimeters and temperatures that oscillate between 3,0 to 34.0º centigrade ones. Main ecosystems In the municipality dominate the mixed forest, with pine and encino; and the coniferous forest, with fir and pine. Their fauna conforms the wild cat, coyote, fox, zorrillo, tejón, rabbit, armadillo, dove, duck, charal and carp. Natural resources the logable forest surface is occupied by pine, encino and oyamel, the nonlogable one, is occupied by scrubs of different species. Characteristics and use of the ground the grounds of the municipality date from the periods cenozoic and tertiary inferior; the type chernozem and podzólico correspond mainly to those of. Its use is fundamentally forest and in smaller agricultural proportion and cattle

Sociodemográfico Profile

Ethnic groups According to the General Census of Population and House 1990, in the municipality they inhabit 123 people who speak some indigenous language, and of which 69 are men and 54 are women. Within the two main indigenous languages we can mention otomi and mazahua. Indigenous groups exist purépechas in 6 communities: Jeráhuaro, Ucareo, San Bartholomew Choir, San Miguel Taimeo, San Ildefonso and San Pedro Bocaneo. Demographic evolution In the municipality of Zinapécuaro in 1990, the population represented the 1,38 percent of the total of the State. For 1995, a population of 48.897 inhabitants has itself, its rate of growth is of the -0,02 annual percent (the negative rate of growth, it must to factors mainly as the emigration to the interior and outside of the country) and the density of population is of 84 inhabitants by square kilometer. The number of women is relatively greater to the one of men. For the year of 1994, 1.783 births have occurred and 198 deaths, also therefore the migration and immigration have been to regulate towards the United States.Religion The catholic religion predominates, being left in second term the witnesses of Jehovah.

Social infrastructure and of Communications

Education Account with the levels of: prestudent, primary, secondary, and in the mean level superior account with a military preparatory school and a school of bachelors Health Account with 2 clinics of the Secretariat of Health, 5 particular clinics of the IMSS and 5 clinics. Supply the municipality has a market in the municipal head, that is complemented with the supply which they provide "tianguis" that settles down once to the week in some communities of the municipality, and 16 stores CONASUPO. Sport Exists fields of basquetbol and football grounds that contribute to the promotion of the sport. House In 1990 existed 8.679 houses, most of walls of marinates, signs of concrete and roofing tile ceiling, followed of those of partition walls, signs and ceiling of concrete.

Services public potable Water 80% Drainage 25% Electrification 75% Paving 10% Public Lighting system 70% Garbage collection 20% (in 12 localities) Market 5% (in the municipal head) Sign 5% (in the municipal head) Pantheon 25% (in 15 localities) Cloración of Water 75% (in 52 localities) Public Security 100% Parks and Gardens Buildings Public Mass media the main mass media are the television, television by cable, local edition radio and newspaper. Routes from communication To the municipality communicate the Freeway of the West Mexico-Morelia-Guadalajara, the Morelia-Zinapécuaro-Acámbaro highway, Morelia- relationship to Zinapécuaro-Maravatío. Account in addition with ocal highways to terracerías, railroad Morelia-Acámbaro. Also, it is had the transport services, railroad, in addition to telephone, mail and telegraph.

Economic Activity

Agriculture One cultivates maize, wheat, frijol, sorghum and vegetables. Cattle ranch Cattle grows up bovine, goat, pig and bird-raising. Industry Processing of the wood, microcompany of factory of automotive parts and next a textile article factory. Tourism Wooded account with bath with thermal waters, zones to encamp and buildings colonial. Commerce One commercializes on great scale the different fruits that take place (to the natural one, in licores, conserve and/or plant); mud crafts; ceramics and foods like the carnitas and the famous bread. Producers exist that commercialize honey to Europe and the United States. Hunting and fishes fishes carp, black lobina and frogs capture themselves. Fruitgrowing Pear, peach tree, chabacano, capulín, apple, quince, tejocote, guayaba and plum. Forest One operates the pine, the encino, oyamel, madroño, aile and rivets. It is made the extraction and commercialization of resin.

Attractive Cultural and TouristArchitectonic historical monuments: In the municipal head, the chapel of the hospital and the parish of San Pedro and san Pablo; in Ucareo, temple of Helping Ma.; in Araró, chapel of Mr. de Araró. Museums are had projected, to turn museum, the house of Lic. astronomer Felipe Creek, (native of Zinapécuaro). Celebrations, dances and traditions Thursday of Carnival religious Celebration Arrival of Mr. de Araró March or April Easter 15 and 16 of September Celebrations mother countries 20 of November Mexican Revolution Regional Fair of fruitgrowing of Jeráhuaro Fair of the Pear in Ucareo Music counts on formation of bands and orchestras. Crafts the artisan production consists basicamente of articles of mud, fruit ceramics and adjustments, as well as in the elaboration of retorts of old and historical boats. Gastronomy Pozole of elote, back of pig, carnitas and conserves of fruit. Tourist centers Account with bath with thermal waters, wooded zones to encamp and buildings colonial. The centers with waters abound with thermal type in: Sulfurs, The Associates, San Miguel Taimeo, Araró, San Nicholas Simirao, Huingo, Atzimba. Historical buildings exist like: temple of San Pedro and San Pablo of century XVI in the municipal head; aqueduct and chapel of the Gentleman of the Desert located in the Col. the Desert, constructed by Don Juan Baptist Figueroa Alcaraz at the end of century XVIII; Convent of San Agustín, built in century XVI in Ucareo; chapel of Mr. de Araró, in the locality of the same name.