Albert Claudius Wathey, simply "Claude" to everyone, was no doubt the most dominant political figure on the island in the last century. The legendary leader was in power for almost 40 years, during which time St. Maarten was
transformed from a . . . — — Map (db m40384) HM

The deep roof structures combined with a wood shingle exterior on these buildings typify many of the beautiful and historic homes found in the quaint town of Philipsburg at the turn of the century. Buildings such as these doubled as homes and stores . . . — — Map (db m40498) HM

Pieter Stuyvesant was the last Governor of the Dutch colony of New Netherland (now New York), from 1646 until its surrender to the English in 1664. He was born in the Dutch province of Friesland in 1611 or 1612. After studying languages and . . . — — Map (db m40330) HM

This building is dedicated to John P.F. Craane, affectionately known as "Boechi." Born November 24,1913. Boechi spent most of his life working on or around boats. His love for boats was greatly influenced by his father, who was a well-known boat . . . — — Map (db m40591) HM

The gingerbread surroundings for the Harbor Point Village market stalls are a typical feature of the St. Maarten/ St. Martin homes of the past. Lovingly crafted by hand, often with improvised tools, gingerbread designs took on folk art appeal on . . . — — Map (db m40518) HM

Until it was demolished in 1937, this warehouse building, bearing a remarkable resemblance to a modern-day army barracks, was a home to the Island police force. Police officers stationed on St. Maarten were trained and recruited on the sister island . . . — — Map (db m40644) HM

Vance Theophilus James, known as "Captain David," was born June 20, 1918 in the fishing village of Dieppe Bay, St. Ketts.
After having worked as a cane cutter and fisherman, he first started sailing on the Lady Kate, and later on the inter island . . . — — Map (db m40372) HM

Mr. William Burton Astwood built this house in the 1870, yet he never lived in it himself. Currently it is occupied by his grandson, Mr.XXXX Crofton, who is the oldest citizen at the age of 91. Mr. Crofton has lived there all his married life. The . . . — — Map (db m40296) HM

This Lodge was set up in 1855 by the first president
of the Turks & Caicos Islands, Mr. Frederick Forth,
and was called the 'Turks Islands Forth Lodge.' Mr.
Forth, himself, was a member and local legend has
it that President Forth may have . . . — — Map (db m40274) HM

During the colonial days, hundreds of shipwrecks occured off Grand Turk due to the shallow reef off its northern coast. Because shipwrecks were so common, vessels began refusing to call for salt cargoes, the mainstay of the Grand Turk economy. Both . . . — — Map (db m40367) HM

During the Lighthouse's first forty years of use, wrecks continued along the northern coast. Ship captains complained that the light was too dim or not lit at all. Some believe that the dimming of the light was done intentionally to cause ship . . . — — Map (db m40454) HM

The exact location of Christopher Columbus' first landfall in the New World in 1492 has been debated for centuries. Columbus' original journal of his first voyage to the New World is lost, and we will likely never know for sure.
Recent theories . . . — — Map (db m40544) HM

Also owned by the Grant family, this building that dates back to the 1890s was probably acquired at the same time as the Iron Building. This building was a meeting place for the various workmen and merchants of the town where they used to drink and . . . — — Map (db m40297) HM

Lookout Point is named in honor of British Admiral Horatio Nelson who fought for Grand Turk's liberation from French occupants in March 1783. The French occupied Grand Turk for a short time and famed Horatio Nelson led a daring but failed attack to . . . — — Map (db m40663) HM

The Grand Turk Lighthouse had two keepers, the Principal and the Assistant. It is believed that before 1890 the keepers may have lived on location at the site of the present-day Pavilion. Meals were prepared in the seperate Bermuda Kitchen, typical . . . — — Map (db m40793) HM

This House, also owned by the Grant family, was never lived in as a family home. It always was rented out primarily to the managers and employees of Cable and Wireless prior to the building of the Cable & Wireless houses on the site of Mr. B.C. . . . — — Map (db m40288) HM

The western side of Grand Turk is the leeward side of the island. This is the side protected from high winds and storms. Because of this, it was the primary anchorage for the sailing vessels that came and went from Grand Turk for hundreds of years. . . . — — Map (db m40351) HM

The Northeast Reef is a shallow reef lying to the northeast of Grand Turk and running 2.8 miles into the sea. The Reef lies in the Turks Island Passage, which has been located along trade routes from Jamaica, Cuba and Hispaniola back to Europe since . . . — — Map (db m40602) HM

Built in the 1860s, this building started life as a salt warehouse belonging to the Stubbs family who were the foremost plantation owners in the Caicos Islands and one of the foremost salt families of South Caicos and Grand Turk. On Grand Turk they . . . — — Map (db m40293) HM

In 1841 a Brigantine ship sailing under Spanish papers left Africa with an illegal cargo of 193 Africans. The ship was the Trouvadore and it was sailing for Cuba, where the Africans were to be enslaved and put to work on sugar plantations. . . . — — Map (db m40764) HM

In 1954 the U.S. Navy established a hydrographic research station on this northern promontory of Grand Turk, overlooking the strategic passage from the Atlantic Ocean. Quonset huts were erected to accommodate eleven officers and one-hundred enlisted . . . — — Map (db m40833) HM

(Obverse): First Alabama soldier to lose life in Civil War.
DeVotie graduated in 1856 from University of Alabama; Presbyterian Theological Seminary at Princeton in 1859. In 1856 at the University of Alabama, he was chief founder of Sigma . . . — — Map (db m4219) HM

Upon completion to Gainesville of the Savannah, Florida and Western Railway in May 1884, citizens from the former county seat at Newnansville were among those who moved to the present site of Alachua which was near the railroad. The city is located . . . — — Map (db m65458) HM

At the end of 1824, Alachua County was organized as a political unit of the new Territory of Florida. The
Seminole inhabitants of the Alachua region had recently been ordered to a reservation, and land was
available there for white settlers. . . . — — Map (db m65513) HM

When Europeans first arrived in this area in the 16th century, the inhabitants were Timucuan Indians. In 1774, traveling botanist William Bartram visited Seminole Indians nearby. In the 1850's a town called Deer Hammock was established here, . . . — — Map (db m69979) HM

In Memory of the Men and Women
From the Archer Community who
have given their lives in the
service of our country.
Dedicated to all Veterans who
served in the United States Armed
Forces with Devotion, Loyalty,
Honor and their . . . — — Map (db m70119) WM

Thomas Gilbert Pearson was an ornithologist, college professor, and world leader of the bird preservation movement. Pearson grew up in Archer, where he collected bird skins and eggs and taught himself ornithology to pay for his schooling at Guilford . . . — — Map (db m70637) HM

(Front text):
Earleton is named for General Elias B. Earle (1821-1893) who received government land grants in Florida for his service in the U.S./Mexican War (1846-48). Born into a prominent South Carolina family, Gen. Earle fought in the . . . — — Map (db m41263) HM

Evinston Community Store and Post Office
The Evinston community store, originally a warehouse, was built of heart pine in 1884 by W.P. Shettleworth. it was bought by Joseph Wolfenden, who first operated it as a store. The post office, . . . — — Map (db m54240) HM

The Alachua County Commission, by authority of the Florida Legislature, selected this site for a courthouse in 1854, moving the county seat from Newnansville. The first courthouse was a frame building completed in 1856. It was demolished on the . . . — — Map (db m54997) HM

Designated the County Seat in 1854, and incorporated as a City in 1869, Gainesville takes its name from General Edmund Gaines, captor of Aaron Burr and commander of U.S. Army troops in Florida during the Second Seminole War. The town was the fourth . . . — — Map (db m58133) HM

(North face)
In Memory Of
The
Confederate
Dead
1861 1865
(East face)
"They Fell For Us and For Them
Should Fall
The Tears Of A Nation's Grief."
(West face)
They Counted The Cost
And In Defence . . . — — Map (db m54998) WM

Founded as the Gainesville Academy before the Civil War and later renamed, the East Florida Seminary served Gainesville's need for higher education until the University of Florida was created by the Florida Legislature in 1905. The Seminary school . . . — — Map (db m58007) HM

First Gainesville Skirmish The first Civil War gunfire in Gainesville's streets came on February 15, 1864, when a raiding party of 50 men from the 40th Massachusetts Cavalry entered the City to attempt the capture of two trains. The raid was . . . — — Map (db m57122) HM

Near this site was located Fort Clarke, originally a U.S. Army post during the Seminole War, and afterwards a settlement. The name is preserved in nearby Fort Clarke Church. At this site crossed the early settlement and military road connecting the . . . — — Map (db m65191) HM

Gainesville's Railroads
The coming of the Florida Railroad opened up the interior of Florida for both settlement and trading and helped establish Gainesville. On February 1, 1859 the Florida Railroad entered town and connected Fernandina . . . — — Map (db m55038) HM

One of the oldest houses in Alachua County, the Historic Haile Homestead was the home of Thomas Evans Haile, his wife Esther Serena Chesnut Haile and 14 of their children. The Hailes came here from Camden, South Carolina in 1854 to establish a . . . — — Map (db m70202) HM

Born in 1842 to slave parents in Winchester, Va., little is known of Josiah T. Walls' early life. After a short term of Confederate service, he enlisted in the Third Regiment, U.S. Colored Troops in 1863. Transferred to Picolata on the St. Johns . . . — — Map (db m55400) HM

Mount Pleasant Methodist Episcopal Church was founded on July 16, 1867, with the Reverend Isaac Davis serving as the first pastor. The Board of Trustees of the oldest black congregation in Gainesville purchased the lot on which the present church . . . — — Map (db m55606) HM

The Mt. Pleasant Cemetery was established c. 1883 by the Mt. Pleasant Methodist Episcopal Church as a final resting place for its members and other African Americans in the city of Gainesville. Founded in 1867, the church purchased the 5.38-acre . . . — — Map (db m55915) HM

Roper Park is the original site of the parade grounds and barracks for the East Florida Seminary, a non-sectarian
educational institution and a forerunner of the University of Florida, which was located in Gainsville in part due to the . . . — — Map (db m55994) HM

Present-day Gainesville was the center of a large Spanish cattle ranching industry, founded on the labor of native Timuqua Indians, during the 1600s. LaChua, largest of the ranches, was a Spanish corruption of an Indian word, and in turn was . . . — — Map (db m72916) HM

This is one of the oldest houses in the city of Gainesville. It was constructed about 1850 by Major James B. Bailey, a prominent citizen of Alachua County. Bailey was a leading proponent of moving the county seat away from Newnansville to a new . . . — — Map (db m55424) HM

The University of Florida Campus Historic District and two individual campus buildings were listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1989 and 1990 in recognition of their architectural and cultural significance and the coherence of the . . . — — Map (db m54828) HM

In 1774, noted botanist William Bartram travelled across what is now the southeastern corner of Alachua County following an old Indian and trading trail. In Florida's territorial period, English-speaking settlers used the same route as a frontier . . . — — Map (db m41100) HM

The northwest region of Alachua County was probably first settled on a permanent basis by English
speaking people during the late 1830's. One of the earliest settlements in the vicinity was at Crockett
Springs, located about three miles east . . . — — Map (db m64251) HM

This old passenger depot, built c. 1910, is all that remains of the vast railroad complex located southwest of downtown that made High Springs a bustling railroad center for nearly 50 years. In 1895 the Plant Railroad System chose the town as the . . . — — Map (db m54911) HM

The LaCrosse area was settled before the Civil War. Cotton was the chief crop. John Eli Futch was a cotton buyer who built a warehouse for cotton, a store to serve the growers, and his home near the store. This store became the first post office and . . . — — Map (db m93840) HM

Founded after Spain relinquished Florida to the United States in 1821. Micanopy became the first distinct American
town founded in the new US territory. Originally an Indian trading post, Micanopy was built under the auspices of the
Florida . . . — — Map (db m54271) HM

Bland Community and Ogden School
Settled in the 1840s by cotton planters from Georgia and South Carolina, Bland became a diverse agrarian area where farmers and sharecroppers raised cattle and grew cotton and a variety of fruits and . . . — — Map (db m64715) HM

A Spanish Mission was established near here within sight of the Santa Fe River about A.D. 1606 by Franciscan missionaries. The river took its name from the mission, as did the modern town of Santa Fe. At one time, Santa Fe de Toloca was said to be . . . — — Map (db m64880) HM

The naval stores industry was important to maritime power worldwide. Pine tar and pitch were used to seal wooden ships and protect sails and rigging. When settlers came to America - in Florida (1565), in Virginia (1607) and in Massachusetts . . . — — Map (db m42012) HM

Madison Starke Perry, born in Lancaster County, S.C., moved to Alachua County, Florida and became a prosperous planter. His plantation was located about six miles east of Gainesville in the area of present-day Rochelle. Perry was elected to the . . . — — Map (db m55537) HM

The discovery of hard rock phosphate in Alachua County in 1889 sparked the appearance of boom towns wherever large deposits of the mineral were found. Incorporated in 1894, Newberry thrived until 1914 when the onset of World War I forced the mines . . . — — Map (db m65216) HM

Only after about 1870 did phosphates become an important world industry. In Alachua County, phosphates were discovered late in the 1870's, but as in other regions of Florida, the major developments in phosphate mining and processing began about . . . — — Map (db m64506) HM

Colonel Daniel Newnan led a troop of the Georgia militia on a raid into the area in September 1812 in an attempt to annex Florida to the United States in the War of 1812. The raiders engaged a force of Seminole Indians under the command of . . . — — Map (db m54642) HM

Dickison and His Men
John Jackson Dickison (1816-1902), Florida's famous Civil War guerrilla leader, bivouacked at Camp Baker, south of here, during the closing weeks of the conflict. Dickison and his men became legendary figures. As Company . . . — — Map (db m40315) HM

(Left)
Police Officer
Waldo
When I start my tour of duty God,
Wherever crime may be,
As I walk the darkened Streets alone,
let me be close to thee.
Please give me understanding
with both the young and old
Let me listen with . . . — — Map (db m41877) HM

The first permanent English-speaking settlers came to the northeast portion of Alachua County in the 1820's. In 1837, during the Second Seminole War, an army post, Fort Harlee, was established on the Santa Fe River about three miles north of this . . . — — Map (db m41072) HM

(Left side text) During the Great Depression, President Roosevelt approved a plan to recruit thousands of unemployed young men
into a "Civilian Conservation Corps" (CCC)
From 1933-1942 the CCC employed over 3 million Americans. They . . . — — Map (db m55674) HM

Here was fought on February 20, 1864
the Battle of Ocean Pond
under the immediate command of
General Alfred Holt Colquitt
"Hero of Olustee"
This decisive engagement prevented a
Sherman-like invasion of Georgia from
the south. . . . — — Map (db m54361) HM

Placed by
The United Daughters
of the Confederacy
Florida Division
In Memory of
Brig. Gen.
Joseph Finegan
Commander of the District of
Middle and East Florida
"So well did he perform
his part that a . . . — — Map (db m54978) HM

"At 8 a'clock in the morning on the 20th instant
we were informed that the Yankees were
advancing. A part of the brigade was immediately
ordered to some rifle pits hastily constructed near
at hand, the remainder forming line of battle . . . — — Map (db m54829) HM

This site was used by both Union and Confederate soldiers as a camp during the campaign of 1864. The camp was used as a Confederate supply depot but it was abandoned on February 9, 1864. From the 9th to the 13th, it was held by Federals and used as . . . — — Map (db m54604) HM

This County, created by Act of the Legislature July 27, 1914, is named for Augustus O. Bacon, four times U.S. Senator, who died in office Feb. 15, 1914. An expert on Mexican affairs, his death was a great loss coming at a time of critical relations . . . — — Map (db m24292) HM

Carl Vinson, native son, farmer, lawyer, statesman, served in the United States Congress for 50 years;
Chairman of the Naval Affairs Committee; Chairman of the Armed Services Committee;
an advocate for Military Preparedness; He was credited with . . . — — Map (db m42626) HM

This marks the original site
of the Methodist Church erected
about the year 1805.
Bishop Asbury and Bishop
McKendree in 1815 held here
a conference which James O.
Andrew attended.
Bishop Capers, Dr. Lovick Pierce,
and many other . . . — — Map (db m42773) HM

These Confederate soldiers, all serving in the Georgia Militia, died at Brown Hospital in Milledgeville and were buried at this location. Their names soon became lost, and they were considered Unknown Soldiers until 2003 when their identities were . . . — — Map (db m91851) HM

Captured with its gun crew 16th August 1944 by
the 8th Naval Beach Battallion and the 540th Army
Engineers at St. Raphael on the French Riveria.
This howitzer, set in a strong casemated position at the left flank of one of the assault beaches, . . . — — Map (db m29639) HM

This type 93 Torpedo is the largest enemy
weapon of its kind encountered in World War II.
It is 29½ feet long, 24 inches in diameter
and carries over 1,000 lbs. of explosive in the
war head. At the low speed setting of 40 knots
a maximum . . . — — Map (db m29636) HM

The arrival of the Columbus and Hocking Valley Railroad in 1869 led to the decline of the Hocking Canal and assured Nelsonville's prominence as a major shipping point of coal and industrial products. The portion of the railway from Logan in . . . — — Map (db m43240) HM

Memorial Tablet to the Signal Corps U.S.A. which through valiant and heroic service at Little Round Top
July 2-4, 1863 and on many historic battle fields
throughout the war of 1861-1865
contributed so greatly to the
success of the . . . — — Map (db m6753) HM

Texas remembers the valor and devotion of her sons who served at Gettysburg July 2-3, 1863 From near this spot the Texas Brigade at about 1:30 P.M. on July 2 crossed Emmitsburg Road and advanced with Hood's Division across Plum Run toward Little . . . — — Map (db m5250) HM

Part of General Jubal Early's Confederate Division, marching by Mummasburg and Hunterstown, passed here June 27, 1863, on the way to York. Returning June 30, they passed a little to the north, toward Heidlersburg. — — Map (db m43956) HM

Four miles south of New Oxford. Original Jesuit chapel built 1787 still in use and one of oldest in the United States. The mission was founded 1730. First Sacred Heart church in Pennsylvania. — — Map (db m44548) HM

Part of Gen. Early's Confederate army, under Gen. J.B. Gordon, passed here June 27, 1863, to York. Early's main force followed a parallel route through Hampton and East Berlin. Both entered York the following day. — — Map (db m43996) HM

On January 27, 1953, an explosion caused
by a natural gas leak killed ten people
and destroyed five buildings on the
northern half of this block. The five
buildings destroyed were Platt's Drug Store,
the Jones Electric Company (the site . . . — — Map (db m28716) HM

Aiken, chartered in 1835 and the county seat of Aiken County since its creation in 1871, was an early stop on the railroad line from Charleston to Hamburg. It was named for William Aiken (1779–1831), the first president of the S.C. Canal and . . . — — Map (db m9640) HM

Aiken County, created in 1871 from parts of Barnwell, Edgefield, Lexington, and Orangeburg counties, was named for William Aiken, first president of the South Carolina Canal and Railroad Company. Older industries in the county today are textiles, . . . — — Map (db m9707) HM

(South Face)
They gave their all in defense of
Home, Honor, Liberty and the
Independence of their native land
They fought the patriots fight
They kept the faith of their fathers
Forever honored
And forever mourned
. . . — — Map (db m17047) HM

The Aiken County Farmers’ Market, founded in 1951, was originally an open air market sponsored by the Edisto Grange. This building, which opened on May 21, 1954, was designed by Woodrow Jackson and built by the Aiken County chain gang. Farmers . . . — — Map (db m28630) HM

Life in Aiken
The coming of the railroad was a major factor
in the birth of Aiken. The all-important cotton
crop and Graniteville fabrics could get to market.
Add to life in Aiken a lady lonesome for her
wealthy friends up North and you . . . — — Map (db m63263) HM

This church, founded in 1805, predates the city of Aiken and was first called Levels Baptist Church. Its first location was a mile south of present-day Aiken. In 1836 the congregation joined with the members of the Wise Creek congregation to . . . — — Map (db m10060) HM

Aiken Hospital
The first public hospital in Aiken, at the corner of Richland Ave. and Vaucluse Rd., was built in 1917 for the Aiken Hospital and Relief Society, with donations from members of the “Aiken Winter Colony.” The City of . . . — — Map (db m54518) HM

The Aiken Institute, which gave this area the name of “Institute Hill,” was chartered in 1888. The main building, designed by I.F. Goodrich in 1891, includes a wing added in 1913. All grades attended the Institute until 1937, when a . . . — — Map (db m9942) HM

Near this spot on February 11, 1865
was fought one of the final Confederate
victories of the War Between The States.
Federal Cavalry commanded by Major
General Hugh Judson Kirkpatrick were
attacked by Confederate Cavalry
commanded by . . . — — Map (db m10061) HM

The source of water for early settlers.
A stagecoach stop on route from Abbeville to
Charleston, S.C. Deeded to City of Aiken 1844
by Wm. Peronneau Finley. Restored by many
friends in 1972.
(Upper Medallion)
The National . . . — — Map (db m56810) HM

The freshwater spring 1/2 mi. SE was used by prehistoric Indians. It was deeded to the town of
Aiken in 1844 by William Perroneau Finley (1803-1876) and furnished Aiken´s drinking water
throughout the 19th century. A regular stop on the . . . — — Map (db m63615) HM

This church, founded in 1858 with 14 charter members and W. Peronneau Finley and John D. Legare as elders, first met in the Aiken Town Hall on Laurens St. Its first permanent sanctuary, a frame building designed by Charleston architect Edward . . . — — Map (db m29274) HM

The Highland Park Hotel, Aiken’s first grand tourist hotel, stood atop this plateau. It was built in 1869-70 and opened in 1870. A four-story Second Empire wing built in 1874 doubled its capacity to 350 guests. Open from November to June, it . . . — — Map (db m29974) HM

Hitchcock Woods, one of the largest urban forests in the United States, is an area consolidated between 1891 and 1898 by Celestine Eustis (d. 1921), Thomas Hitchcock (1860-1941), and William Whitney (1841-1904). Described as "the greatest equine . . . — — Map (db m9776) HM

Josef Casimir Hofmann, internationally
known Polish pianist, resided with his
wife, Aikenite Marie Eustis Hofmann, in
a three~story house located several
hundred feet west of here. Born near
Cracow, Poland, he was recognized as a
gifted . . . — — Map (db m10184) HM

This church, formally organized in 1884, had its origins in a Sunday school class organized in 1874. With 16 charter members and Rev. Arthur Buist as its first minister, Millbrook built its first sanctuary here in 1886. The frame church, built by . . . — — Map (db m38281) HM

The town of Aiken, on land donated by Mr. Beverly M. Rodgers to the S.C. Rail Road in 1834, was laid out around a core of 27 city blocks bounded by Edgefield and Park Aves. and Newberry and Williamsburg Sts. This area was surveyed by civil . . . — — Map (db m29613) HM

(Front text)
This plantation house, first known as “Edgewood,” is an excellent example of Federal-era architecture. Originally near Edgefield, it was built in 1828 for Francis W. Pickens (1807-1869), state representative and . . . — — Map (db m43154) HM

Named in 1985 by action
of the Aiken County
Legislative Delegation
and Highway Commission
in recognition of an
outstanding citizen and
his many contributions
to the life and well being
of his county, district.
and state
2nd . . . — — Map (db m44725) HM

This school was founded by the Freedmen's Bureau shortly after the Civil War to educate freedmen, women, and children. In 1868 Martha Schofield, a Quaker from Pennsylvania, came to Aiken and began her long career as superintendent. The school soon . . . — — Map (db m28821) HM

Began first successful scheduled steam railroad service in America on December 25, 1830, and by 1833 its 136 miles from Charleston to Hamburg made it the world’s longest railroad. Now part of Southern Railway System. — — Map (db m9999) HM

This church has its origin in 1825 as a Methodist congregation on the Hollow Creek Circuit that predates the city of Aiken. Rev. John Reynolds was the
first circuit rider serving St. John's, which shared a minister with St. John in Graniteville . . . — — Map (db m10163) HM

The Augusta and Aiken Railway, a 26 mile interurban electric trolley line between Augusta, Ga., and Aiken, operated from 1902 to 1929. In Aiken the line began at the corner of Park Ave. & Union St., proceeded west on Park, then north on Laurens . . . — — Map (db m10137) HM

Originally located in China Springs, near Aiken, and believed to have been built in the 1890's this schoolhouse was given to the Aiken County Historical Commission by Mrs. Guerin Hermann of Sandersville, Georgia in 1975.
The one room . . . — — Map (db m63475) HM

The tracks of the S.C. Railroad, operated by the S.C. Canal & Railroad Company, ran here from 1833 to the 1850s. The company, chartered in 1827, began constructing a 136-mile long line from Charleston to Hamburg (near North Augusta) in 1830. . . . — — Map (db m36676) HM

Iron heliometer tower, which served as an observatory, and housing for instruments, including powerful telescopes, used in viewing the December 6, 1882, Transit of Venus in Aiken, South Carolina. The observatory was built in two sections, each . . . — — Map (db m10193) HM

(Marker Front)
This park, laid out in 1904-05 was named for William Collins Whitney (1841-1904). Whitney, a lawyer, Secretary of the Navy 1885-1889 under Grover Cleveland, and financier, was also an avid sportsman and leading member of the . . . — — Map (db m10210) HM

(West Face)
This Memorial is erected
in the memory of deceased
members of the Woodmen
of the World whose
Individual resting places
could not be marked
(East Face)
Woodmen of the World
Regional Memorial
(List of . . . — — Map (db m10270) HM

German prisoners of war were held in a camp on this site from November 1943 to May 1946. This camp, one of 21 in S.C., was at first a sub-camp of the POW camp at Camp Gordon (now Fort Gordon), in Augusta, Ga. It was later a sub-camp of Fort . . . — — Map (db m36396) HM

On January 5, 1856, Governor James H. Hammond and eleven other farmers of this area organized the Beech Island Agricultural Club for the diffusion of agricultural knowledge and the regulation of illegal slave traffic. Monthly meetings and . . . — — Map (db m10080) HM

This church was organized in the Beech Island Academy on January 21, 1832, with Rev. Iverson Brooks as its first minister and Mathias Ardis and Randolph Bradford as its first deacons. This sanctuary, built on land donated by James T. Gardner . . . — — Map (db m9992) HM

Downer Institute & School
Downer Institute, founded in 1843, was originally located 1.5 mi. NE of this site and operated until 1865. It was named for benefactor Alexander Downer (1752–1820), whose will established an orphanage and school . . . — — Map (db m9994) HM

This church was built in 1836 by Beech Island Presbyterian Church, organized in 1827 with the Rev. Nathan H. Hoyt of Vermont as first pastor. His son-in-law the Rev. Edward Axson, was ordained and served here. His daughter, Ellen, wife of Woodrow . . . — — Map (db m9909) HM

About Redcliffe Plantation State Historic Site
Redcliffe Plantation was the home of James Henry Hammond (1807-1864) and three generations of his descendants. Hammond whose political career included terms as a United States Congressman, . . . — — Map (db m9591) HM

Savannah Town
Forerunner of modern towns and highways and known to the English as early as 1685, this Indian town stood at a major northwestern entrance into S.C. on the trading routes to the Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, and Lower Cherokees. . . . — — Map (db m28101) HM

(Front text) This church had its origins at or near this site in 1772 as a plantation chapel, in what was Edgefield District until after the Civil War. Revs. Iverson L. Brookes and John Trapp, prominent ministers in the Savannah River . . . — — Map (db m31141) HM

This house was for many years the home of Marie Cromer Seigler (1882-1964), educator and national pioneer in agricultural instruction. In 1910, as teacher and principal of Talatha School, she founded a Girls' Tomato Club, the first of many such . . . — — Map (db m28714) HM

1776 1976
In memory of the
200th Anniversary of the
United States as an
Independent Nation
and American Patriots
who fought for the freedoms
we now enjoy
Erected by the Towns of
Graniteville, Vaucluse and
Warrenville . . . — — Map (db m9852) HM

(Front text)
This cemetery, established about 1850, is closely associated with the Graniteville Mill, the largest and most
successful textile mill in antebellum S.C. William Gregg (1800-1867), founder of the mill, laid out the mill . . . — — Map (db m43153) HM

This mill, the largest textile mill in antebellum S.C., was chartered in 1845 and opened in 1847. It was founded by William Gregg (1800–1867), a Virginia native and advocate of industrial development who chose this site for its proximity . . . — — Map (db m9763) HM

Situated between this point and the Savannah River, Hamburg was a thriving river port and trading center for cotton and tobacco. Founded in 1821 by Henry Schultz, incorporated December 19, 1827, Hamburg became the most important interior port in . . . — — Map (db m41892) HM

Near the foot of this bluff in the old town of Hamburg stood the western terminus of the S.C. Canal and Rail Road Co. Begun in 1830, it was the first steam operated railroad to offer regular passenger service and to carry U.S. mail. Completed in . . . — — Map (db m27835) HM

This church, one of the first black Baptist churches in America, grew out of regular worship services held as early as the 1750s at "Silver Bluff," the plantation of Indian trader George Galphin. At first a non-denominational congregation with . . . — — Map (db m31610) HM

This is the site of Camp Butler, a
Confederate "camp of instruction"
that operated from the spring to
the fall of 1861, in what was then
Barnwell District. New companies,
organized as independent companies,
or in state regiments, were . . . — — Map (db m63281) HM

Fifty Years ago today,
November 28, 1950,
President Harry S.Truman
announced that the Savannah
River Plant would be built.
This marker is dedicated to
families who originally
lived on this property and
to the patriotic men and . . . — — Map (db m10001) HM

The Savannah River Plant (SRP) was built 1950–56 by Du Pont for the Atomic Energy Commission. SRP, a nuclear production plant, produced tritium and plutonium for national defense during the Cold War. Creating a 310-sq.-mi. site in three . . . — — Map (db m9941) HM

The Hampton Terrace Hotel, an exclusive winter resort, stood atop this hill from 1903 to 1916. The $536,000, 5-story hotel boasted more than 300 rooms and was the dream of James U. Jackson (1856-1925), founder of North Augusta. A private . . . — — Map (db m31103) HM

James U. Jackson Memorial Bridge
The first North Augusta bridge was built in 1891 by James U. Jackson. The present bridge, built in 1939, was formally dedicated as "The James U. Jackson Memorial Bridge." The building of the 1891 bridge, the . . . — — Map (db m31662) HM

James Urquhart Jackson, founder of North Augusta, was born in the village of Harrisonville, near Augusta, Georgia, on June 24, 1856. It was his vision that shaped North Augusta's early years.
In 1890 Jackson acquired 5600 acres of land . . . — — Map (db m10050) HM

(South face):
Dec. 4,1852 - July 8, 1876
———
In Memory of
Thomas McKie
Meriwether.
Who on 8th July 1876,
gave his life that the
civilization builded by his
fathers might be preserved
for their . . . — — Map (db m10170) HM

Mexican War
1846 — 1848
Dedicated to the brave men of
South Carolina who along with
other Patriots willingly
served that the Nation might
expand its western horizons.
Of these men who willingly
volunteered to fight a . . . — — Map (db m30980) WM

North Augusta, chartered in 1906, includes the site of two early towns. Campbell Town was a trading post on the Savannah River before the American Revolution. Hamburg, founded in 1821 as a port on the river, was an early western terminus of the . . . — — Map (db m9672) HM

Our fight for Independence
that assured us Freedom of
Speech, Religion, the Press,
Right to Peaceful Assembly
and right to Petition for
Redress of Grievances. We
enjoy our present freedom
because of the willingness
of our . . . — — Map (db m30819) HM

Born 1757 in Virginia, this Indian fighter, who later moved to Edgefield District, attained the rank of Lieutenant Colonel of state troops during the American Revolution. Among the engagements he participated in were: Hanging Rock, Musgrove’s . . . — — Map (db m9800) HM

In the 1730s, an Indian path from Fort Moore to the Saluda ridge was used by traders going to the Cherokee Nation. Later, a wagon road from Ninety Six to Augusta followed the same route. Named for the Martin family who lived beside it and served . . . — — Map (db m32320) HM

War Between The States
1861 — 1865
Let the stranger who may in
future times read this
inscription recognize that
these were men whom power
could not corrupt, whom death
could not terrify, whom
defeat could not dishonor, . . . — — Map (db m31127) WM

World War II
1941 — 1945
Dedicated to the men and women
who battled globally to
secure a free world for
all mankind. The massive
production war effort caused
many women to enter industry
and changed the American . . . — — Map (db m31269) WM

(Front)
A patriot and Christian
devoted to his country, his
family and his god.
He served his country well
as a member of Hart's Battery
and died loving the cause
for which he fought.
Dempsey Hammond Salley was
. . . — — Map (db m47645) HM

Wagener, established after the Blackville, Alston, & Newberry RR built its line from Blackville to Seivern in 1887-88, was originally known as Guntersville or Gunter´s Crossroads. When incorporated in 1888 it was renamed for George A. Wagener . . . — — Map (db m67342) HM

Prior to 1887 the area now known as the Wagener
Community was called Guntersville, and its residents
were primarily engaged in agriculture, for their
livelihood. The coming of the railroad, "The Swamp
Rabbit", in 1887 drew farmers, timberjacks, . . . — — Map (db m40428) HM

Jacksonville School
Jacksonville School, built by the Jacksonville Lodge in 1895, taught the black children of this community until 1936. Grades 1-7, with two teachers, met in two classrooms on the first floor, without electricity or running . . . — — Map (db m31175) HM

Jefferson High School Jefferson High School opened in 1956 as a junior high and high school for African-American students of Beech Island, Belvedere, Graniteville, Jackson, Langley-Bath-Clearwater, and North Augusta, with Herman W.W. Fennell . . . — — Map (db m31675) HM

Organized in 1833 by Dr. and Mrs.
W.R. Erwin and Mrs. U.M. Robert,
this was the second Christian
Church (Disciples Of Christ)
founded in South Carolina.
Dr. J.D. Erwin, II, served
as minister for forty years.
The present building . . . — — Map (db m19635) HM

Constituted September 12, 1759
as Coosawhatchie Church, this
church became in 1882 Beech
Branch Baptist Church. The
present lot was granted in 1796
and occupied by 1815. The building
was remodeled in 1908 and in 1960,
electricity having . . . — — Map (db m15466) HM

(Front text)
This church, founded soon after the Civil War, held its first services in a brush arbor in the Woods community of what was then Barnwell County. It built its first permanent church, a frame building, in the Zion Branch . . . — — Map (db m49489) HM

Organized in 1827 as Kirkland Church, the name was changed in 1836 to Smyrna Baptist Church. Title to the site was conveyed in 1849 by William I. Mixon.
Additional land was given by Thomas H. Willingham in 1882 to extend the church property to . . . — — Map (db m15581) HM

(Front )
In 1810, pursuant to an Act of the South Carolina General Assembly, the state conveyed a 1000 acre landgrant signed by governor John Drayton to Benjamin and G. Washington Allen. The acreage included the present town of Allendale, . . . — — Map (db m6537) HM

This Baptist Church, organized by 1854, built its first house of worship near here on land purchased in 1859 from A.R. Stokes. The congregation obtained the land for its present location in 1910 from G.D. Sanders and completed by 1914. In 1944 the . . . — — Map (db m9960) HM

[front text]
Fairfax, chartered in 1893 and
incorporated in 1896, grew out of
an early community centered around
Owens' Crossroads, where a store
was established in 1814, and later
including Bethlehem Baptist Church
( now First . . . — — Map (db m7082) HM

This church had its origins in a brush arbor as early as 1830 but was formally organized in 1878 with Rev. H. C. Smart as its first pastor and W. H. Cone and R. H. Mixon as its first deacons. Named Harmony Baptist Church by charter member Sarah . . . — — Map (db m25859) HM

(Front text) This church, founded in 1885, was named Speedwell for a stagecoach stop and the first post office in the vicinity, now Millett. In 1884-85 Ogreta Brabham Dunbar and Savannah Barker Bates raised funds for a new congregation, in . . . — — Map (db m37789) HM

(Barker's Mill side of marker):
Barker's Mill, which stood here on
Jackson Branch, was a grist mill
owned by William Ransome Barker
(1816-1869), a planter in what was
then Barnwell District. Barker moved
to this are in the . . . — — Map (db m7176) HM

(Front Text )
This church was organized in 1851 by Revs.
Lewis Parker and John Hoover, with twelve
charter members and Rev. Hoover as its
first minister. The congregation has
worshipped on this site, on land donated
by Mathias . . . — — Map (db m7771) HM

The original cemetery associated with St.
Nicholas Lutheran Church is 1/3 mile S off
SC Hwy 641. The church, originally located
nearby, was founded about 1804 in what was
then Barnwell District, and the cemetery
includes family plots of the . . . — — Map (db m7855) HM

503rd Prcht Inf Reg
462nd Prcht Arty Bn
161st Prcht Eng Co
This Memorial
Is Dedicated to the Memory of
Our Comrades Who Gave Their Lives
In The Cause of Freedom
During World War II — — Map (db m62454) WM

Ardennes / Alsace
Rhineland
Central Europe
1944 - 1945
In Honor Of The More Than 1000 Men Of The
63RD Infantry Division
Who Gave Their Lives So That
We May Live Free
Dedicated to their fallen comrades by the men of . . . — — Map (db m62350) WM

Alconbury and Hardwick, England
North Africa: Three Tours
WWII Strategic Bombing 1942 - 1945
In Memory of Those Who Made the Supreme Sacrifice in the Skies
Over Europe During World War II to Preserve Our Freedoms.
Dedicated to All Who . . . — — Map (db m62342) WM

This Oak planted as a Memorial
to the WWII sailors who manned the U.S. Navy
Landing Craft Support Ships.
Was Dedicated By The National Association
of USS LCS(L) 1-130 On 26 August 1994.
"We were the Mighty Midgets...
The small . . . — — Map (db m62351) WM

In Memory Of
The Men of the Lexington Militia
Killed In Action • 19 April 1775
During the First Battle of the American Revolution
John Brown Robert Munroe
Samuel Hadley Isaac Muzzy
Caleb Harrington Jonas Parker . . . — — Map (db m62373) WM

In memory of the outstanding contributions of the aircrews and ground personnel who supported the B-36 Peacemaker nuclear force
deterrent of the Strategic Air command from 1948 to 1958. Their sacrifice, dedication, rediness and vigilance . . . — — Map (db m62374) WM

Walter Reed, M.D. of The Univ. of Va;
A.M. of Harvard University • L.L.D. of The
Univ. of Mich; Professor of Bacteriology
Army Medical School and Columbian
Univ. Washington, D.C.
"He gave to man control over that
dreadful . . . — — Map (db m51174) HM

Here on June 5, 1864, was fought the Battle of Piedmont for the possession of Staunton.
Union Forces under Gen. David Hunter 12,015 men and suffered a loss of 130 killed and 650 wounded. Confederate forces numbering 5,600 men under Gen. W.E.Jones . . . — — Map (db m80297) HM