Skin Tests

What are skin tests?

Skin tests may be performed to diagnose skin allergies, food allergies, bacterial
or fungal skin infections, and other diseases. Skin tests are also performed to tell
the difference between malignant (cancerous) cells and benign (noncancerous) growths.

What are the most common skin tests?

Patch testing. Patch tests are used to help diagnose skin and food allergies. Identified allergens
are applied to the skin with adhesive patches and left for a period of time. The skin
is then examined for any reaction. Other variations of this testing include prick
tests and intradermal tests where allergens are applied to the skin or just under
the skin with a needle.

Skin biopsy. A skin biopsy is the removal of skin for laboratory analysis. The sample of skin may
be removed with a scalpel. For a shave biopsy, the skin sample may be removed with
a razor blade, or a cylindrical punch of a selected size for a punch biopsy. After
local anesthesia is injected, skin biopsies are performed to diagnose skin cancer
or skin disorders.

Culture. Skin, hair, or nails may be cultured to detect bacteria, fungi, or viruses.