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South American During the 1960 Chile earthquake, the western margin of the South American Plate lurched as much as 60 feet relative to the subducting Nazca Plate, in an area 600 miles long and more than 100 miles wide. During the 1960 Chile earthquake, the western margin of the South American Plate lurched as much as 60 feet relative to the subducting Nazca Plate, in an area 600 miles long and more than 100 miles wide.

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Sumatra, 2005 Thrust-faulting on the interface of the India plate and the Burma plate Thrust-faulting on the interface of the India plate and the Burma plate Fault- rupture propagated to the northwest from the epicenter for about 500 km with a maximum displacement of the plane about 20 meters Fault- rupture propagated to the northwest from the epicenter for about 500 km with a maximum displacement of the plane about 20 meters

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Kamchatka and Kurile Kamchatka: Kamchatka: The rupture started in the north and propagated southwest for 600–700 km with a velocity of 3–3.5 km/s The slip may represent two asperities, both in the down-dip portion of the ruptured fault: a smaller asperity near the initiation of the rupture and another, larger one, within the second half of the rupture.

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Kamchatka and Kurile Kurile: Kurile: The rupture started in the south and propagated mainly to the northeast. The latest significant event in the Kuriles (M8.3) occurred on November 15, 2006 in the central arc. Prior to this event, the 250-km-long segment of the arc between the 1918 rupture in the southwest and the 1915 rupture in the northeast has been recognized as a seismic gap

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Kamchatka and Kurile The consequence of this is that the subducting lithosphere is relatively cold and thick and the Wadati- Benioff zone is clearly defined by hypocenters plunging to depths of 600 km south of the southern tip of Kamchatka. There is a gap in seismicity that occurs between 200– 300 km within the Kamchatka slab. This is a common observation in deep slabs around the world. Later, deeper earthquakes increase in numbers due to transformational faulting related to phase transitions in the deep part of the upper mantle. In Kamchatka, resumption of seismic activity starts at 400–500 km.

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Alaska and Aleutian Alaska 1964: A Alaska 1964: A unilateral rupture started in the Prince William Sound region and propagated southwest for ~800 km. The studies indicate two major moment release areas. The larger asperity was located near the epicenter, and a second, smaller one was within the second half of the rupture zone near Kodiak Island.

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Alaska and Aleutian Aleutian: A Aleutian: A unilateral rupture propagating from southeast to northwest for about 600 km. Three major pulses of moment release were identified from the analysis of teleseismic P waves which correlate with Rat, Buldir, and Near tectonic blocks

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Alaska and Aleutian The maximum depth of seismicity changes from 250 km to 50 km from east to west. the slab seismicity below 100 km is characterized by dips that vary smoothly from shallow (45°) in the eastern Aleutians to steep (60°) in the central Aleutians and slightly shallower and less well resolved dip (~50°) in the far western Aleutian.

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Cascadian Subduction Zone Juan de Fuca plate subducts from about 2°–7° to 12° at a shallow depth of about 60–70 km www.bhrc.ac.ir/.../subduction_files/image00 1.jpg www.bhrc.ac.ir/.../subduction_files/image00 1.jpg

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Conclusion mega-thrust earthquakes occur in subduction zones preparations for potential earthquakes along the Cascadia Subduction zone. By understanding how mega-thrust earthquakes occur in other subduction zones may be able to make preparations for potential earthquakes along the Cascadia Subduction zone.