James Bond at 50: 007 movies have beat do-or-die odds for 50 years

This publicity file photo released by Columbia Pictures shows Daniel Craig as James Bond in the action adventure film, "Skyfall." Just a couple of years ago, production was derailed on "Skyfall," the 23rd movie in the series, while partner Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc. plunged into bankruptcy. MGM emerged in early 2011 with a hefty bankroll that allowed shooting to resume. (AP Photo/Sony Pictures, Francois Duhamel, File)

LOS ANGELES (AP) -- Over the last 50 years, the owners of the James Bond movie franchise have had heart-stopping crises as thrilling as the ones that face their fictional secret agent.

They've nearly gone bust more than once and have come close to losing all of their rights in court.

But the franchise has survived and thrived under the family of late producer Albert R. "Cubby" Broccoli, whose name has graced every official Bond intro since "Dr. No" in 1962.

The son of Italian immigrants was a risk-taker, and his earlier ventures included farming the vegetable bearing the Broccoli name that his uncle brought to America. After years of hustling his way into Hollywood, Broccoli fought for the movie rights to the Ian Fleming novels and passed his faith in the British spy tales to his children.

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"Cubby used to say, 'This is the goose that laid the golden egg, keep it safe,' " said Broccoli's youngest daughter, Barbara, now the series' co-producer, in a phone interview from London. "One of the things he said was we're temporary people making permanent decisions. When you have a franchise, and you're invested in it as emotionally as we are, you make decisions based on the health of the franchise going forward."

For five decades, the Broccoli family has held on to its 50 percent stake in the "007" movies, while studio partner Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc. owns the other half. The series is one of the longest running in history, having made $4.9 billion in ticket sales over 22 films. The 23rd Bond movie, "Skyfall," is set to premiere Oct. 23 in London.

It's not like the formula for action, sex and intrigue has always worked perfectly. Some films fell flat, like "On Her Majesty's Secret Service," George Lazenby's infamous one-Bond wonder.

The franchise has occasionally needed new blood to keep it fresh, and there have been six Bonds so far.

For "Skyfall," the family is making another noticeable change: it cast 31-year-old Ben Whishaw as Bond's gadget guru, Q. The last two movies did without the longtime sidekick, who had been played by the late Desmond Llewelyn in an epic 16 Bond films.

"The decision was made to make him a younger man, as would be the case these days," said Wilson by phone. "Let's hope he goes on as long as Desmond Llewelyn did."

It may seem a minor casting decision, but nothing is taken lightly by the family that has stuck with Bond this long. Their tribulations are brought to life in the documentary, "Everything Or Nothing," which debuts Friday on EPIX.

In one incident from the 1970s, the film explains, Broccoli's Canadian co-producer, Harry Saltzman, had squandered his Bond fortune on outside investments. Instead of turning to his partner for help, Saltzman pledged their production partnership Danjaq as collateral on nearly $20 million in personal loans from Swiss bank UBS.

Broccoli enlisted his stepson, Wilson, a practicing lawyer, to prevent the production company from being foreclosed on by the bank. Wilson argued Saltzman couldn't pledge 100 percent of the production entity without consulting his partner. In the end, the Saltzman-Broccoli partnership broke up. Saltzman bitterly sold his stake to United Artists, now a subsidiary of MGM, and was left penniless. Bond narrowly escaped unscathed.

In another segment, the family faces off against real-life nemesis Kevin McClory, an Irishman whose early script work with Fleming allowed him to win the movie rights to "Thunderball."

The rights form the basis for "Never Say Never Again," a 1983 remake. The film brought leading man Sean Connery back as Bond after a 12-year hiatus, and was a way for Connery to snub the producers that he felt had shortchanged him.

That year, Connery's Bond and Roger Moore's Bond in "Octopussy" hit theaters just months apart, though "Octopussy" won the box office battle. Due to the bitter rivalry, "Never Say Never Again" isn't included in Danjaq's count of 23 Bond flicks.

The documentary also explains why "Casino Royale," Fleming's first Bond book, was made twice. The first version debuted in 1967 and was a ridiculous mash-up featuring multiple Bonds played by the likes of David Niven, Peter Sellers and even Woody Allen. The spoof was possible because Fleming had sold that book's rights to Columbia Pictures, now owned by Sony Corp., for a measly $6,000.

Sony gave the rights back to the Broccolis in a legal settlement in 1999. Sony later became the distributor of the last two films and "Skyfall." That's why a Sony Vaio laptop is among Bond's arsenal of gadgets these days, despite Sony's former archenemy status. (Heineken, not a shaken martini, is also a new favorite Bond libation, thanks to the brewer's corporate sponsorship.)

Both Sony and MGM declined to comment about their business dealings ahead of the 50th anniversary on Friday.

But the curtain has yet to fall on the financial drama surrounding Bond.

In July, MGM made a preliminary filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission to prepare for an initial public offering of stock. The move would help pay off MGM's owners, including Highland Capital Management and Anchorage Advisors, who lent the studio $5 billion but booked a big loss in a bankruptcy that left them with a less valuable stake.

The IPO could happen before "Skyfall" or potentially before MGM's other major coproduction, the J.R.R. Tolkien tale "The Hobbit," which MGM is co-financing with Warner Bros. and is set for release in December.

According to a person familiar with the matter, the timing is meant to take advantage of the hype surrounding the two movies, which promise to be among the year's biggest money-makers. The person declined to be identified because they aren't authorized to talk about confidential deliberations.

Barbara Broccoli said that this is the sort of financial engineering that her father never liked -- but which the family has had to deal with many times over the years.

"I don't think he was comfortable with Bond being a pawn in the Wall Street gamble," Broccoli said.

Wilson, who fought hard to keep Bond from being hijacked by financial shenanigans, said his focus is different now than when he first stepped in to protect the family business.

"We just keep our heads down and make movies," Wilson said. "We keep it on track. That's our job really. That's what we do."