Primero. Segundo. Madrid, 21 de abril de 2017.
PARLEMENT EUROPEEN - Réponse à question E-008685-16 Protected designation of origin (PDO) for cockles from the Ria de Muros e Noia (Galicia)
The Ria de Muros e Noia, in Galicia, has its own species of cockle, a filter-feeding bivalve mollusc whose distinctive characteristics derive from the nutrients found in rias and in the Ria de Muros e Noia in particular.

The uniqueness of cockles from the Ria de Muros e Noia, compared with cockles from other geographical areas, is genetically traceable and an asset from the quality point of view. If the labelling for cockles of this Galician native species included a reference to the traceability of their origin, they could be commercially exploited to more profitable effect, and the market and production could be kept free of cockles from other areas, thus preserving the unique characteristics, and hence the sustainability, of cockles from the Ria de Muros e Noia.

Cockle production and marketing provide substantial resources for producers and, more generally, for the economic sector concerned in Galicia, which is being hard hit by falling prices in the current marketing year.
Vet Ital. 2013 Jan-Mar;49(1):55-8. Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Hepatitis A virus and norovirus in bivalve molluscs in Southern Italy.
PARLEMENT EUROPEEN - Réponse à question E-003420-16 Use of hydrogen peroxide in the processing of molluscs. DG SANCO 18/03/14 food safety - Food and Veterinary Office - audit reports - CN China - Bivalve molluscs intended for export to the European Union .
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Find out more on how we use cookies and how you can change your settings. European Commission Accessibility tools Service tools Language Navigation path Browse section: All Topics News More Contact us Additional tools. Rapports OAV concernant les mollusques bivalve. EUROPE FVO - DEC 2014 - OVERVIEW REPORT ON AUDITS IN MEMBER STATES IN ORDER TO EVALUATE THE OFFICIAL CONTROL SYSTEMS IN PLACE FOR PRODUCTION AND PLACING ON THE MARKET OF BIVALVE MOLLUSCS.

The review included a comparison between norovirus and other viral models with respect to environmental degradation and bioaccumulation factors and also considered the significance of wastewater discharges from diffuse sources (eg pleasure craft) and their capacity to be controlled by norovirus exclusion zones. Review activities incorporated the essential elements of a systematic review supported by direct contact with known working groups. Overseas experience with respect to exclusion/buffer zones from European settings and US/NSSP based suppliers was also reviewed. A questionnaire was used to construct a database, and where positive examples were identified information was sought to generate potential case study illustrations.
CEFAS 17/07/15 Molluscan shellfish diseases and how to prevent the spread. Below is the background to the molluscan diseases that the Cefas Fish Health Inspectorate (FHI) regulated in 2014.

The controls have evolved over several decades. And, to put them in context, their purpose is to allow the UK to trade freely with Europe and the rest of the world, whilst still offering protection to the health status of our farmed and wild shellfish. We take the role seriously, and will always strive for the highest level of protection available to us as a nation. However it is vital for everyone to understand their individual role in disease prevention. It is actions on our beaches that will actually have the most impact in preventing the introduction and spread of diseases. Listed Diseases There are three categories of molluscan shellfish disease that the FHI are required to consider. The third category covers new and emerging diseases, which are not listed by the EU, but can sometimes develop into serious issues over time. Disease controls Preventing new outbreaks.

Environmental Health 2009, 8(Suppl 1):S12 Shellfish toxicity in UK waters: a threat to human health?
EFTA SURVEILLANCE AUTHORITY 24/08/15 FOOd Safety: Unsatisfactory official controls on live bivalve molluscs in Norway. Norway does not fully comply with the legal requirements for harvesting and placing on the market of live bivalve molluscs.

The situation has not improved much since the previous inspection done by the EFTA Surveillance Authority six years ago. This is the main conclusion in a report published by the the Authority today, following an audit carried out in Norway in April 2015. Norway has designated the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) as the competent authority responsible for official controls.
Food Control Volume 60, February 2016, Time trends in the prevalence of Escherichia coli and enterococci in bivalves harvested in Norway during 2007–2012. Open Access Highlights A weak positive correlation between enterococci and Escherichia coli were seen.

EFSA 11/12/15 Evaluation of heat treatments, different from those currently established in the EU legislation, that could be applied to live bivalve molluscs from B and C production areas, that have not been submitted to purification or relaying, in order. Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ Panel) was asked by the European Food Safety Authority to deliver a Scientific Opinion on the evaluation of heat treatments, different from those currently established in the EU legislation, that could be applied to live bivalve molluscs from B and C production areas, that have not been submitted to purification or relaying, in order to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms.

The current EU rules state that live bivalve molluscs from B and C production areas that have not been submitted for purification or relaying may be sent to a processing establishment, where they must undergo treatment to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms. Hazard identification was performed to list the most important viral hazards associated with bivalve molluscs. The hazard analysis used as data sources the EU food-borne outbreak data, the EU Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) data and scientific literature.
EUROPE 01/10/15 Mussels: biomonitoring tools for pharmaceutical pollution in the marine environment?
PARLEMENT EUROPEEN - Réponse à question E-000832-15 Labelling of mussels. Article 35 of Regulation (EU) No 1379/2013 (without prejudice to Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011) describes packaging requirements for aquaculture and fishery products.

The production method (whether caught in the wild or the product of aquaculture) must also be indicated. In the Netherlands, the supervisory body NVWA recently made it compulsory to label mussels as the product of aquaculture (on the basis of Article 3(a) of Directive 2006/887EC), whereas in previous years the label ‘caught in the wild’ had been used. In the Netherlands, mussel larvae are caught in the wild and placed in beds for two or three years, after which they are harvested as mussels ready for consumption.
DEFRA 03/03/16 Water Framework Directive: shellfish protected areas. FSA - End-Product Testing for Shellfish Toxins - Information for Shellfish Harvesters, Growers and Processors.