Growing up with a dwarf sibling: a qualitative study

Abstract:

Dwarfism is a medical condition of disproportionate short stature and occurs in about one in every 25 000 children born worldwide (Scott, 1996). There are more than 200 types of dwarfism (Wikipedia, 2006), of which the most common form of dwarfism is Achondroplasia occurring in about 80% of all dwarfs (Little People’s Research Fund, 2006). Dwarfism is plagued by negative stereotyping and stigmatisation. There is a paucity of existing research on dwarfism, and in particular it’s associated psychological aspects. Existing literature is largely focused on parents’ reactions towards their dwarf child but it is possible that the negative attention dwarfs receive when in public can directly affect a dwarf’s close relationships, in particular, those with their siblings. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the experiences of non-dwarf siblings growing up with a dwarf sibling.
A sibling relationship is an emotional bond or transaction existing between two brothers, two sisters or between a brother and a sister. This relationship can have both positive and negative aspects (Bank & Kahn, 1982) and these can be more profound with the presence of a sibling with a disability (Ferrari & Sussman, 1987). Previous studies of sibling relationships with a disability have found various negative aspects, for example, feelings of isolation, resentment, anger and guilt, as well as an increase of stress in the family (Carpenter, 1997). However, research also suggested positive aspects, including an acceptance of diversity and an appreciation for life and psychological growth (Connors & Stalker, 2003). Therefore, it was thought to be possible that these negative and positive aspects may also hold true for a sibling relationship in which one member is a dwarf.