Calluses-thick, hardened areas of the skin, usually on the foot, caused by friction or pressure.

Carbohydrates-a type of food, usually derived from plants; one of three nutrients that supply calories to the body; includes simple carbohydrates (sugar, fruit) and complex carbohydrates (vegetables, starches).

Cholesterol-a substance similar to fat that is found in the blood, muscles, liver, brain, and other body tissues.

Corn-a thickening of the skin of the feet or hands, usually caused by pressure against the skin.

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)-a condition in which blood sugar levels are higher than normal, but are not high enough to be classified as diabetes; a risk factor for type 2 diabetes.

Impotence (also called erectile dysfunction)-the inability to achieve an erection, and/or dissatisfaction with the size, rigidity, and/or duration of erections.

Insulin-hormone manufactured by the pancreas, which helps glucose leave the blood and enter the muscles and other tissues of the body.

Insulin-dependent diabetes-a condition in which the body's immune system destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. Insulin allows glucose to enter the cells of the body to provide energy. Persons with type 1 diabetes must take daily insulin injections.

Macrosomia-term meaning "large body;" refers to a baby that is considered larger than normal; a condition that occurs when the mother's blood sugar levels have been higher than normal during the pregnancy; a preventable complication of gestational diabetes.

Meal plan-a guide to help people get the proper amount of calories, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and fiber in their diet.

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes-a condition in which the body either makes too little insulin or cannot properly use the insulin it makes to convert blood glucose to energy. Type 2 diabetes may be controlled with diet, exercise, and weight loss, or may require oral medications and/or insulin injections.

Nutrients-proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals provided by food and necessary for growth and the maintenance of life.

Recommended dietary allowance (RDA)-recommendations for daily intake of specific nutrients for groups of healthy individuals set by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council of the National Academy of Science.

Retinopathy-diabetic eye disease.

Risk factors-traits that make it more likely that a person will develop an illness.

Type 1 diabetes-a condition in which the body's immune system destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. Insulin allows glucose to enter the cells of the body to provide energy. Persons with type 1 diabetes must take daily insulin injections.

Type 2 diabetes-a condition in which the body either makes too little insulin or cannot properly use the insulin it makes to convert blood glucose to energy. Type 2 diabetes may be controlled with diet, exercise, and weight loss, or may require oral medications and/or insulin injections.