AcronymsAdipocyte:
Adipocytes, also known as lipocytes and fat cells, are the cells that primarily compose adipose tissue, specialized in storing energy as fat.Adipose Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction:
Adipose Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction, is the product of lipoaspirate which is obtained from liposuction of excess adipose tissue. The Lipoaspirate, a disposable byproduct
of liposuction (cosmetic surgery), contains a large population of stem cells called adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs), that shares a number of similarities with the bone marrow stromal
cells, including the multilineage differentiation capacity.Adult Stem Cell:Allogeneic Transplantation:
Cell, tissue or organ transplants from one member of a species to a genetically different member of the same species.Allele:
An allele or allel, is one of a number of alternative forms of the same gene or same genetic locus (generally a group of genes). It is the alternative form of a gene for
a character producing different effects. Sometimes different alleles can result in different observable phenotypic traits, such as different pigmentation. However, many genetic variations
result in little or no observable variation.Anamniote:
Any of the vertebrates of the group Anamnia (Anamniota), comprising the cyclostomes, fishes, and amphibians, characterized by the absence of an amnion during the embryonic
stage. Ancestor Cell: General term for cell without self-renewal ability that contributes to tissue formation. In some cases it generates tissue stem cells.
(precursor cell)Asymmetric Division:
Cell division resulting in two daughter cells with different properties. Observed in some but not all stem cells and can occur in other types of progenitor cell.Apheresis:
Apheresis is a medical technology in which the blood of a donor or patient is passed through an apparatus that separates out one particular constituent and returns the
remainder to the circulation. It is thus an extracorporeal therapy.Autologous Transplantation:
Autologous stem-cell transplantation (also called autogenous, autogeneic, or autogenic stem-cell transplantation and abbreviated auto-SCT) is autologous transplantation of
stem cells — that is, transplantation in which stem cells undifferentiated cells from which other cell types develop, are removed from a person, stored, and later given back to that same
person. Although it is most frequently performed with hematopoietic stem cells (precursors of blood-forming cells) in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, cardiac cells have also been
used successfully to repair damage caused by heart attacks. Autologous stem-cell transplantation is distinguished from allogenic stem cell transplantation where the donor and the recipient
of the stem cells are different people. Autologous stem cell transplantation is a medical procedure in which stem cells (cells from which other cells of the same type develop) are removed,
stored, and later given back to the same person. Though most frequently performed with hematopoietic stem cells (blood-forming), cardiac cells have also been used successfully to repair
damage caused by heart attacks. (See story about washington couple and autologus treatment and why Germany is light years ahead of the US in stem treatment)Astrocyte: A type of supporting (glial) cell found in the nervous system.