[en] After a long nomadic identity among warriors, isolated people and environment destroy, the huaorani in the Ecuadorian Amazon have turned “on environmental subjects par excellence”, and how this has happened? Mobilizing the ethnographic data I obtained during my fieldwork in Yasuní and Arajuno (Ecuador) and second-hand information, the article focuses on describing how the intervention of exogenous actors, through devices indigenous land management and development sustainable, has gradually assimilated to environmental conservation, permeating the identity of the inhabitants of the Amazon rainforest. I use notions such as “dispositives” and “controversies analysis” (Actor network-theory), as well as the “environmental subjects” (Agrawal, 2000). The background article aims to reflect on the ambiguity inherent to scientific construction of humans (local and scientific) and nonhuman in tropical rainforest.