Observation #4

Observation #5

Inference #1

(Observe. 1-3) production of more individuals than the environment can support leads to a struggle for existence among the individuals of a population with only a fraction of the offspring surviving each generation.

Inference #2

(Observ.4-5) differential reproductive success- in which organisms with traits favored by the environment produce more offspring than do organisms without those traits= result in the favored traits being disproportionately represented in the next generation. This is what is meant by survival of the fittest- it had nothing to do with size or strength.