According to Stanely Hoffman, the indicators of a new international system

The predominate patters of behaviors and beliefs that prevail internationally to define the major worldwide conditions that heavily influence human and national activities

Global System

An independent, territorially defined community in the global system administered by a sovereign government

State

A condition in which the units in the global system are subjected to few, if any, overarching institutions to regulate their conduct

Anarcy

The periodic reemergence of conditions similiar to those that existed previously.

Cycles

The process of reasoning by which new information is interpreted according to a memory structure, that contains a network of generic scripts, metaphors, and simplified characterizations of observed objects and phenomena

Schematic Reasoning

The general psychological tendency to deny discrepancies between one's preexisting beliefs and new information

Congative Dissonance

A scholarly approach to inquiry emphasizing the importance of agents and shared meanings they construct to define their identitiesm interests, and institutions--understandings that influences their international behavior

Constructivism

Mental Map

Schema

Preexisting values and beliefs enourage us to accept some images as accurate while rejecting from conciousness others that are incongruent with our prior beliefs

A set of core philosophical principles that a group of leaders and citizens collectively holds about politics, the interest of political actors and the ways people ought to ethically behave.

Ideology

The tendency of states and people in competitive interaction to perveive eachother similarly--to see others the same hostile way others see them.

Mirror images

Prolonged competition fueled by deep-seated mutual hatred that leads opposed actors to fued over a long period of time wihtout resolution of their conflict

Enduring Rivalries

The different aspects of and agents in international affairs that may be stressed in interpreting and explaining global phenomena.

Levels of Analysis

An approach that emphasizes the psycholoogical and perceptual variables motivating people esp. leaders

Individual Level of Analysis

An approach that emphasizes how the internal attributes of states influence their foreign policy behaviors

State Level of Analysis

An approach that emphasizes the impact of worldwide conditions on FP behavior and human welfare.

Global Level of Analysis

The primary issues, problems and controversies on which states and humanity concentrate their attention and allocate resources to address.

Global Agenda

A category of global issues related to the economic, social, demographic, and environmental relations between countries.

Low Politics

Issues related to the military, security, and political relations of states.

High Politics

Under International Law, the status of states as equals in that, within their territory, a state's government is subject to no higher authority.

State Sovereignty

The integration of states through increasing contact, communication, and trade, creating a holistic, single global system in which the process of change increasingly binds people together in a common fate.

Globalization

When the behavior of international actors greatly affects others with whom they have contact, and the parties to the exchande become mutually sensitive and vunerable to others' actions.

Interdependence

A State so powerful that it has the capacity to control world politics and create rules for others to follow.

Hegemon

The relationship between geography and politics and their consequences for states' national interests and relative power.

Geopolitics

The relationship between geography and the economic conditions and behavior of states that define their levels of production, trade, and consupmtion of goods and services.

Geo-economics

Economic growth that does not deplete the resources needed to maintain .

Sustainable Development

A country's sense that the state can resist threats to its survival and national values emanating from abroad or at home.

National Security

The tendency for armaments built by one state for ostensibly defensive purposes to also threaten other states, which then react by arming, with the result that all arming states' national security declines as their arms increase.

Security Dilemma

Political rights and civil liberties recognized internationally as inalienable for individuals in all countries

Human Rights

The pessimistic theory derived from the assumptions that because humans are born to seed self-advantage, international politics is doomed to be an endless struggle for power involving war.

Realism

The optimistic theoretical tradition that because humans are capable of compassion and self sacrifice for collective gains, it is possible for world politics to progress toward cooperation beyond narrow competition and war.

Liberalism

A set of hypotheses postulating the relationships between variables of conditions that are advanced to describe, explain, or predict phenomena or to make prescriptions about how positive changes can be engineered to achieve particular goals or ethical principles.