Research Objectives

The main objective of this research is to involve science majors at Barry University with preparation of various monolithic separation media for applications in capillary liquid chromatography. The specific aims of the research project are:

Particle packed columns have been used for more than a century for the separation of components of chemical mixtures utilizing high performance liquid chromatography. Over the past two decades, a new trend has been developing towards the improvement of the speed of analysis. The goal is to achieve sufficient resolution of analytes within the shortest possible time. High-throughput analyses are needed for rapid screening of numerous samples in fields such as drug discovery and environmental analysis.

Our attention is focused on the concept of the monolithic column which has been introduced as an alternative to particle packed columns. The advantages of the monoliths include lower back pressure, enhanced diffusional mass transfer, and operation at high flow rates, which enables faster analysis. Our research is directed towards the preparation and characterization of inorganic monolithic materials such as silica, and alumina and organic-silica hybrid. These materials are further coated with various polymer stationary phases via a novel approach called photografting which can be simply described as UV initiated radical polymerization in the presence of photoinitiator. By choosing different monomer we can alternate the surface chemistry of synthesized monoliths.

We prepare these materials inside of the fused silica capillary and we evaluate their chromatographic properties using microscale-liquid chromatography. The types of compounds suitable for chromatographic separations range from simple organic compounds to proteins and peptides. Among many facilities which would benefit from the advantages of these types of materials are chemical, biological, pharmaceutical, medical, industrial and environmental laboratories.

Undergraduate students will gain:

Hands-on experience with the preparation and characterization of monolithic columns. Capillary preparation is low-cost, safe and requires minimal number of synthetic steps.

Understanding of principles of sol-gel transitions and inorganic chemistry which are responsible for the formation of highly porous monoliths.

Proficiency with photografting

Chromatographic skills through the operation and troubleshooting of a liquid chromatograph.

Understanding of basic separation principles applied in liquid chromatography based on observation of changes in chromatographic behavior of testing mixtures with various types of polymeric coatings.

Sense for green chemistry. Capillary liquid chromatography allows operation in flow rates in the µL/min range (instead of mL/min) therefore minimizing the amount of solvent and analyte needed for analysis.

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