Hyperkyphosis

Definition

Kyphosis is a normal rounding curve that is seen in the in the upper back. Hyperkyphosis, or hunchback, occurs when the angle of the outward curve is exaggerated. The sooner hyperkyphosis is treated, the better the outcome.

Symptoms

Hyperkyphosis may cause:

Back pain or stiffness

Intense fatigue

Exaggerated rounding of the shoulders

Forward-bending head in comparison to the rest of your body

Differences in shoulder height

Diagnosis

Most cases can be diagnosed during a physical exam. Some cases are found at school during a scoliosis check. Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done to look for abnormal curve in the spine, rounded shoulders, and a hump on the back. Some tests may be done to rule out or confirm other conditions that may be causing hyperkyphosis.

Your doctor may recommend imaging tests to see the spinal curve and the structures around it. These may include:

Your doctor may need to measure how well you breathe if the curve is severe enough. This can be done with pulmonary function tests.

Treatment

There are a variety of treatments available for hyperkyphosis, depending on the severity. You may need additional treatment to resolve any underlying conditions that contribute to your hyperkyphosis. Your doctor may refer to you a specialist who treats spinal disorders.

Options include the following:

Observation

Your doctor may recommend an observation period to see if the curve progresses, or if there are any changes in your symptoms. This means you may have more follow-up appointments. If you notice any progression, changes, or worsening of symptoms, you should contact your doctor.

Physical Therapy

Your doctor may refer you to a physical therapist to learn specific exercises. This may include strength work, stretching, and overall conditioning. You may also be taught how to maintain a correct posture. You may be instructed to sleep on a firm mattress.

Medications

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be given for pain or discomfort.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be given for pain or discomfort.

Back Brace

Braces are sometimes used. They can help correct hyperkyphosis or reduce discomfort.

Surgery

Surgery may be used when the curve is severe, progresses, or when other treatment methods fail. The goal of surgery is to correct the exaggeration of the curve. The spine is corrected with a metal rod, hooks, or screws in the back bones. Surgeons also use a bone graft to promote new growth and stability.

Vertebral compression fractures are sometimes treated with special cement. The cement is injected into the affected vertebral bodies to restore shape.

Prevention

There are no current guidelines to prevent hyperkyphosis.

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.