Role of information and communication technology (ICT) in dairy Development

Introduction We believe knowledge is power and information is the key element of knowledge base. Today, development of an individual or a society is based on access to information. Unfortunately, the information and communication technologies favour the richer section or the urban areas. On the other hand, the village or the poorer segment remains, unreached by this scientific and technological advancement. as a result our productivity of land, water and labour is still poor. The poor people living in the rural areas need information on improved varieties of seed, vaccine and health care for the animals, disease management, policies, weather and climatic forecasts, crop management practices, etc. The urgency of the information to them is as acute as it could be for others. Yet, these are the people who have the least information.

What is ICTICTs are those technologies that can be used to interlink information technology devices such as personal computers with communication technologies such as telephones and their telecommunication networks. ICTs, therefore, is an expanding assembly of technologies that can be used to collect, store and share information between people using multiple devices and multiple media. The most common perception of ICT is that of computer and the internet, including common technologies of radio, television, telephone and fax system, video programme, teleconferencing, videoconferencing, wireless and satellite technologies being used in ICT activities.

Dairying in IndiaDairying in India is an integral part of the total farming system. Symbiotic relationship exists between agriculture and dairy farming. According to estimates of the Central Statistical Organisation (CSO), the value of output from the livestock at current prices was about Rs. 173,350 crores in 2005-06. Milk accounted for 68 per cent of this output. It was higher than paddy (Rs. 70,462 crores) and wheat (Rs. 48,052 crores). In terms of value of output, milk is now the single largest agricultural commodity in India. Dairying contributes close to a third of the gross income of rural households and in the case of those without land nearly half of their gross income. An estimated 70 million rural households, of which about three-fourth are landless, marginal or small farmers are engaged in milk production. The distribution of rural income, as reflected in the gini-coefficient (the measure of inequality) is very low for the dairy sector in India, indicating that the ownership and income is more evenly distributed and the progress in this sector will result in a more balanced development of rural economy. Milk production has shown a rapid growth –between 4 to 5 per cent per annum during the last two decades. The growth has however slackened during the 11th Five Year Plan. Against the targeted growth of 5 per cent, the actual achievement has been no more than 3.6 per cent. Emerging trends indicate that the demand for milk is growing faster than the production specially in view of faster growth in GDP. This makes available to consumers larger share of income that can be spent on milk and dairy products. The milk production in India during 2009-10 is estimated at 112 million tonnes and 116 million tonnes during 2010-11. The demand for milk is forecast as 150 million tonnes during 2016-17 and over 180 million tonnes during 2021-22. This would require concentrated efforts in increasing the production in the next ten years.

types of services provided by ICT projects
The ICT project can be categorized in four categories :

First categorySponsored or controlled by the Government. These provides all information and services to the rural people related to the government programmes and schemes. The Bhoomi project in Karnataka is good example for this. Secondary category

Projects largely addressed to trading and e-commerce like e-Choupal are...

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