The Holocaust began in January 1933 when Hitler came to power and technically ended on May 8, 1945 (VE Day).i Between 1933 and 1945, more than 11 million men, women, and children were murdered in the Holocaust. Approximately six million of these were Jews.f Over 1.1 million children died during the Holocaust.c

Young children were particularly targeted by the Nazis to be murdered during the Holocaust. They posed a unique threat because if they lived, they would grow up to parent a new generation of Jews. Many children suffocated in the crowded cattle cars on the way to the camps. Those who survived were immediately taken to the gas chambers.e transported Holocaust The Holocaust would not have been possible without mass transportation The majority of people who were deported to labor and death camps were transported in cattle wagons. These wagons did not have water, food, a toilet, or ventilation. Sometimes there were not enough cars for a major transport, so victims waited at a switching yard, often with standing room only, for several days. The longest transport of the war took 18 days. When the transport doors were open, everyone was already dead.b The most intensive Holocaust killing took place in September 1941 at the Babi Yar Ravine just outside of Kiev, Ukraine, where more than 33,000 Jews were killed in just two days. Jews were forced to undress and walk to the ravine’s edge. When German troops shot them, they fell into the abyss. The Nazis then pushed the wall of the ravine over, burying the dead and the living. Police grabbed children and threw them into the ravine as well.a Carbon monoxide was originally used in gas chambers. Later, the insecticide Zyklon B was developed to kill inmates. Once the inmates were in the chamber, the doors were screwed shut and pellets of Zyklong B were dropped into vents in the side of the walls, releasing toxic gas. SS doctor Joann Kremmler reported that victims would scream and fight for their lives. Victims were found half-squatting in the standing room only chambers, with blood coming out their ears and foam out of their mouths.b In 1946, two partners in a leading pest control company, Tesch and Stabenow (Testa), were tried before a British military court on charges of genocide. It was argued that the accused must have realized that the massive supply of Zyklon B they provided to concentration camps was far above the quantity required for delousing. They were convicted and hanged.e Auschwitz complex Auschwitz was the largest of the German concentration camps Over one million people were murdered at the Auschwitz complex, more than at any other place. The Auschwitz complex included three large camps: Auschwitz, Birkenau, and Monowitz.b Prisoners, mainly Jews, called Sonderkommando were forced to bury corpses or burn them in ovens. Because the Nazis did not want eyewitnesses, most Sonderkommandos were regularly gassed, and fewer than 20 of the several thousand survived. Some Sonderkommandos buried their testimony in jars before their deaths. Ironically, the Sonderkommandos were dependent on continued shipment of Jews to the concentration camps for staying alive.e The “Final Solution” was constructed during the Wannsee Conference in January 1942. Fourteen high-ranking Nazis met in Wannsee, a suburb of Berlin, and presented a program to deport all Jews to Poland where the SS would kill them.f Kristallnacht or “Night of Broken Glass” occurred throughout Germany and Austria on November 9, 1938, when the Nazis viciously attacked Jewish communities. The Nazis destroyed, looted, and burned over 1,000 synagogues and destroyed over 7,000 businesses. They also ruined Jewish hospitals, schools, cemeteries, and homes. When it was over, 96 Jews were dead and 30,000 arrested.e In the initial stages of the destruction of European Jews, the Nazis forced Jews into ghettos and instigated a policy of planned, indirect annihilation by denying them...

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...﻿The Holocaust
The Holocaust is recognized as the most significant tragedy of the modern era. The phenomenon was driven by religious discrimination, dictatorship, and the general hatred toward Jews by the Nazi party. The term “Nazi” is an acronym for “Nationalsocialistishe Deutsche Arbeiterpartei” which means National Socialist German Workers’ Party. It was the only political party thriving in Germany at the time. The mass murder defined the furthest boundaries of evil known to mankind by the guiltless genocide of nearly an entire ethnic race. Within a matter of years, over nine million innocent people were massacred.
The term “Holocaust” is of Greek origin. Broken down, the word means a “sacrifice by fire”. The name for the mass murder is a fitting description of the fate of most Jews that were under Nazi control. The Holocaust was called “the Final Solution to the Jewish Question” by Hitler. Whichever way they were killed, it was a horrible way to end their lives, but they were helpless against the overwhelming German presence.
German propaganda and Anti-Semitism views existed before the time of the Holocaust. Jews in Nazi Germany suffered abysmally after January 1933. After that month, they were considered merely “sub-humans”. The official start of World War II happened when Germany invaded Poland on September 1st, 1939. Britain and France declared war on Germany within the following week....

...HOLOCAUST 1
Title Page
Goes Here
I deleted mine from the post
HOLOCAUST 2
German dictator, Adolf Hitler wanted a new order for Germany and his so-called Aryan race. As a part of achieving his ultimate goal, he would have to eliminate any and all other inferior races. This evil plan later became known as the Holocaust. Hitler, with the aid of the Nazis and concentration camps, brought terror and devastation to the Jewish communities of Eastern Europe.
One can trace the beginnings of the Holocaust as far back as 1933, when the Nazi party of Germany, led by Adolf Hitler, came to power. Hitler's anti-Jew campaign began soon afterward, with the "Nuremberg Laws", which defined the meaning of being Jewish based on ancestry. These laws also forced segregation between Jews and the rest of the public. It was only a dim indication of what the future held for European Jews.
Anti-Jewish aggression continued for years after the passing of the Nuremberg Laws. One of these was the "Aryanization" of Jewish property and business. Jews were progressively forced out of the economy of Germany, their assets turned over to the government and the German public.
Other forms of degradation were pogroms, or organized demonstrations against Jews. The first, and most infamous, of these pogroms was Krystallnacht, or "The night of broken glass". This pogrom was prompted by the...

...The Holocaust
Anti-Semitism in Europe did not begin with Adolf Hitler. Though use of the term itself
dates only to the 1870s, there is evidence of hostility toward Jews long before the
Holocaust--even as far back as the ancient world, when Roman authorities destroyed the
Jewish temple in Jerusalem and forced Jews to leave Palestine. The Enlightment, during
the 17th and 18th centuries, emphasized religious toleration, and in the 19th century
Napoleon and other European rulers enacted legislation that ended long-standing
restrictions on Jews. Anti-Semitic feeling endured, however, in many cases taking on a
racial character rather than a religious one.
The roots of Hitler's particularly virulent brand of anti-Semitism are unclear. Born
in Austria in 1889, he served in the German army during World War I. Like many anti-
Semites in Germany, he blamed the Jews for the country's defeat in 1918. Soon after the
war ended, Hitler joined the National German Workers' Party, which became the National
Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP), known to English speakers as the Nazis
(Jewish Virtual Library).
While imprisoned for treason for his role in the Beer Hall Putsch of 1923, Hitler wrote
the memoir and propaganda tract "Mein Kampf" (My Struggle), in which he predicted a
general European war that would result in "the extermination of the Jewish race in
Germany"(The History Place)....

...The Holocaust is the name applied to the systematic state-sponsored persecution and genocide of the Jews of Europe along with other groups during World War II by Nazi Germany and collaborators[1]. Early elements of the Holocaust include the Kristallnacht pogrom and the T-4 Euthanasia Program, progressing to the later use of killing squads and extermination camps in a massive and centrally organized effort to exterminate every possible member of the populations targeted by the Nazis.
The Jews of Europe were the main victims of the Holocaust in what the Nazis called the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question". The commonly used figure for the number of Jewish victims is six million, so much so that the phrase "six million" is now almost universally interpreted as referring to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust, though estimates by historians using, among other sources, records from the Nazi regime itself, range from five million to seven million.
About 220,000 Sinti and Roma were killed in the Holocaust (some estimates are as high as 800,000), between a quarter to a half of the European population. Other groups deemed "racially inferior" or "undesirable", Soviet military prisoners of war including Russians and other Slavs, Poles, the mentally or physically disabled, homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses, Communists and political dissidents and criminals, were also persecuted and killed. Many scholars do...

...<b>Introduction</b>
<br>The Holocaust is the most horrifying crime against humanity of all times. "Hitler, in an attempt to establish the pure Aryan race, decided that all mentally ill, gypsies, non supporters of Nazism, and Jews were to be eliminated from the German population.He proceeded to reach his goal in a systematic scheme." One of his main methods of "doing away" with these "undesirables" was through the use of concentration camps. "In January 1941, in a meeting with his top officials, the 'final solution' was decided". The Jewish population was to be eliminated. In this paper I will discuss concentration camps with a detailed description of the worst one prior to World War II, Buchenwald.
<br>
<br><b>Concentration Camps</b>
<br>The first concentration camps were set up in 1933. In the early days of Hitler's regime, concentration camps were places that held people in protective custody. Victims for protective custody included those who were either physically or mentally ill, gypsies, homosexuals, Jehovah Witnesses, Jews and anyone against the Nazi regime. "Gypsies were classified as people with at least two gypsy great grandparents."
<br>
<br>By the end of 1933 there were at least fifty concentration camps throughout occupied Europe. "At first, the camps were controlled by the Gestapo (police), but by 1934 the SS, Hitler's personal security force, were ordered, by Hitler, to control the camps."
<br>
<br>Camps were set up for several...

...Suzy Student
Professor Travis
English Comp
23 October 2013
Effects of the Holocaust
The extermination of Jewish people from Europe during the period of World War II, better known as the Holocaust, left long term effects on the Jewish population. Jews lost about one-third of their total population, were displaced and faced horrifying psychological effects as an aftermath of witnessing genocide. Americans usually use the term Holocaust, but Jew’s use a different word – Shoah, a word of Hebrew origin, meaning "calamity" or "destruction" (Bartrop). Destruction is exactly the end result that the Holocaust had on the Jewish population; millions died but many of those who survived had demons of their own after suffering through a living Hell.
Millions of Jews were killed during the Holocaust, no matter what age, gender, health conditions or social class. After the Reichstag building in Berlin, home of Germany’s parliament, was burnt to the ground on February 27, 1933, the Decree for the Protection of the People and the State was signed by German president Paul von Hindenburg (Bartrop). The decree was suggested by Germany’s chancellor, Adolf Hitler, and stated that the German government could go to any means to protect themselves from a perceived threat. Jews were seen as a danger to the Nazi regime and were imprisoned then eventually killed. During The Holocaust, nearly six million of...

...﻿Rhea-Mari Fernandez
English 12 Honors
Period 05 Ruben
13 May 2013
Timeline of the Holocaust (1933-1945)
1933
Adolf Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany by President Von Hindenburg
The first official Nazi concentration camp opens in Dachau
Laws for Reestablishment of the Civil Service barred Jews from holding civil service, university, and state positions
Law excluding East European Jewish immigrants of German citizenship
1934
Hitler proclaims himself leader and Reich Chancellor & Armed forces must now swear allegiance to him.
1935
Jews barred from serving in the German armed forces
"Nuremberg Laws": first anti-Jewish racial laws enacted; Jews no longer considered German citizens; Jews could not marry Aryans; nor could they fly the German flag.
Germany defines a "Jew": anyone with three Jewish grandparents; someone with two Jewish grandparents who identifies as a Jew.
1936
Jewish doctors barred from practicing medicine in German institutions.
Germans march into the Rhineland, previously demilitarized by the Versailles Treaty.
Reichführer SS Himmler (chief of the SS units) appointed the Chief of German Police.
Hitler and Mussolini form Rome-Berlin Axis.
1937
Buchenwald concentration camp opens
1938
Flossenburg concentration camp opens.
Evian Conference held in Evian, France on the problem of Jewish refugees.
Adolf Eichmann establishes the Office of Jewish Emigration in Vienna to increase the pace of forced...

...When people think of the Holocaust they mostly think of Hitler as the grand orchestrator. In fact Hitler was often not involved in the decision making. “His hands (Hitler’s) appear only rarely in the actual decision making of Jewish policy between 1933 and 1938. In part the vagaries and inconsistencies of Jewish policy in the first five years of the Nazi rule stem from his failure to offer guidance.” Hitler relied on his top officials to make the policy and decisions for “a solution to the Jewish question.” These top officials, excluding Hitler himself, are the ones that made the Holocaust possible, these individuals include: Hermann Goering, Heinrich Himmler, and Reinhard Heydrich.
Hermann Goering was the man at Hitler’s right side; he was there from the beginning. In Hitler’s first cabinet meeting there were only two individuals from the Nazi party that made it into the cabinet, Goering was one of them. Goering was an instrumental part of the Holocaust. His hand in the Jewish policy making was enormous, he often would disagree with Hitler and sway his opinion. “Goering, in numerous private conferences with the Fuehrer, was often successful in swaying the opinion of a vacillating Hitler.” Goering’s goal was to eliminate Jews from the German economy and to facilitate their emigration out of Germany and the other countries that Germany now had control over. Goering was convinced the Aryanizing of all Jewish money, property, and...