Greece votes to decide whether to stay in the eurozone

Greeks went to the polls on Sunday in an election that could decide whether
their heavily indebted country remains in the eurozone or heads for the
exit, potentially unleashing shocks that could break up the single currency.

Reuters

11:20AM BST 17 Jun 2012

In an election fought over the punishing austerity package demanded by international lenders as the price of keeping Greece from bankruptcy, opinion polls showed the radical leftist Syriza party, which wants to scrap the deal, running neck and neck with the conservative New Democracy, which broadly backs it.

Former Greek PM George Papandreou told the Andrew Marr Show on Sunday morning that Greece leaving the euro would be "catastrophic" for the country and warned there will be a “run” on the banks.

The European Union and International Monetary Fund have insisted that the conditions of the €130bn bailout accord agreed in March must be accepted fully by a new government or funds will be cut off, driving Greece into bankruptcy.

All parties say they will keep Greece in the single currency, but Syriza leader Alexis Tsipras believes the agreement can be renegotiated without Greece having to leave, betting that European leaders cannot afford the turmoil that would be unleashed by cutting a member of the eurozone loose.

On the right, establishment heir and New Democracy leader Antonis Samaras says rejection of the EU/IMF bailout would mean a return to the drachma and even greater calamity, although he, too, wants to renegotiate some aspects of the package.

Opinion polls show Greeks, weary after five years of deep recession, overwhelmingly favour remaining in the euro, but there is bitter anger over repeated rounds of tax hikes, slashed spending and sharp cuts in wages.

Many voters are also furious with New Democracy and the other traditional ruling party, the now severely weakened PASOK, blaming them for decades of corruption, waste and inefficiency.

"It's the first time I feel depressed after voting, knowing that I voted again for those who created the problem, but we don't have another choice," said 66-year-old English teacher Koula Louizopoulou.

"I voted for the bailout because these are the terms that will keep us in Europe," she said.

A win for Greece's national soccer team in a game on Saturday at the Euro 2012 championships provided some lift for voters but there was little sign of enthusiasm at the polling booths, which close at 5pm UK time. Exit polls will follow soon after voting ends.

"It's obvious the country is now staring into the abyss," leading Greek daily Kathimerini said in a front-page editorial on Sunday, calling for the creation of a New Democracy-led "unity" coalition to keep the country in the euro.

The party gaining the most votes wins an automatic 50-seat advantage but neither New Democracy or Syriza is expected to win an outright majority and whoever emerges as top party will have to hold coalition negotiations with smaller groups.

European leaders weighed in on the eve of the vote - a re-run of an earlier election on May 6 that produced no clear winner - some of them openly urging Greeks to reject SYRIZA or risk undermining the very foundations of the single currency.

But whoever wins power may find their tenure is short-lived and, despite the insistence of EU politicians, some adjustment of the bailout terms may be inevitable if Greece is to cut a public debt amounting to 165pc of gross domestic product.

"It is a scenario I see as likely and if that is the condition presented for Greece to stay and then move on, I would say it is probably something that should be attempted," Angel Gurria, head of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, told Reuters in an interview.

Central banks from Tokyo to London are readying arsenals to defend banks and national currencies against any post-election turmoil. The result will dominate a meeting of the Group of 20 world economic powers on Monday and Tuesday in Mexico.

Finance officials in the eurozone have discussed limiting the size of withdrawals from ATM machines, imposing border checks and introducing eurozone capital controls as a worst-case scenario.

Eurozone officials have hinted they might give a new Greek government some leeway on how it reaches debt targets set by the EU/IMF bailout package, but there would be no change to the targets themselves.

Eurozone paymaster Germany warned Greeks on Saturday the bailout would not be renegotiated.

"That's why it's so important that the Greek elections preferably lead to a result in which those that will form a future government say: 'Yes, we will stick to the agreements'," Chancellor Angela Merkel told a party conference of her Christian Democrats.

A Greek exit from the single currency would heap further pressure on two far larger European economies - Spain has already received up to €100bn to save debt-riddled banks and Italy could be next to seek a bailout.

Anger with the establishment parties New Democracy and PASOK propelled Syriza and its youthful leader, a former Communist student protest organiser, from the obscure radical fringe to a shock second place on May 6.

The far-right Golden Dawn party also won seats in the first election, underscoring the fragmentation of a stressed society wrestling with unemployment of almost 23pc and plummeting living standards.

Five years of recession and more than two years of acute crisis have started to fray the edges of Greek society, undergoing its severest test since the overthrow of the military dictatorship in 1974.

The streets of central Athens are scarred by repeated waves of protests, some hospitals are short of vital medicines and reports of suicides caused by the crisis have become routine.

Five opinion polls published before a blackout two weeks ago put New Democracy narrowly ahead. Two other polls had Syriza leading.

But analysts say Samaras, 61, will find it hard to govern for long with an empowered Syriza protesting at the gates. Tsipras, if he wins, will inherit a country on the verge of bankruptcy. He has ruled out a government of national unity and promised to nationalise banks and halt privatisations.

Some global businesses and banks are already in retreat.

Europe's biggest retailer Carrefour said on Friday it was selling up in Greece, a day after French bank Credit Agricole moved to take direct control of its Albanian, Bulgarian and Romanian units from its Greek bank Emporiki.