AbstractThe experiment was conducted to isolate Rhizobium form the root nodules of Deshi dhaincha (Sesbania aculeate) and African dhaincha (Sesbania rostrata), characterization of isolates for authentication, testing their performance as the inoculants and selection of better performed strains for future use as biofertilizer. Nineteen rhizobial strains were isolated from root nodule of dhaincha from 5 Agro Ecological Zones (AEZ 9, AEZ 11, AEZ 12, AEZ 13 and AEZ 28) of Bangladesh. The strains were characterized through morphological, biochemical, microscopic and growth observation. Experiment was conducted in bacteriologically controlled condition using sterile sand in plastic pot in glasshouse. Two varieties of Sesbania named Deshi dhaincha and African dhaincha were used as test crop varieties. Five plants were grown in each plastic pot. After 25 days of sowing plants were harvested and data onnitrogen content of shoot, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, nodule number and nodule dry weight of Sesbania cultivars in glass house were collected. Rhizobial inoculation had significant and positive effect on nitrogen content of shoot, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, nodule number and nodule dry weight for both varieties of Sesbania in sterile condition. The strain DhM3 recorded the highest nitrogen content of shoot, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, nodule number and nodule dry weight. The strain DhSk2 ranked second and DhSk4 ranked third in respect of growth, nodulation, nitrogen fixation and biomass production. Therefore, these three strains can be used for Rhizobium inocula production for cultivation of Sesbania but field level extended studies recommendedKey words: Dhaincha, AEZ, Rhizobium, Sesbania sp., Nodule and BiofertilizerCitation:Hasan, M. Z., Alam, M. S., Mian, M. H. & Islam, M. Z. (2015). Isolation, Characterization and Selection of Rhizobium Strains for Cultivation of Sesbaniasp.Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 03(02), 79-86.