Appendix 1

Fuelwood : Primary wood combusted as it is for satisfying energy needs (final sectorial use or even for electricity generation where relevant). This definition corresponds to the one adopted by UWET where all wood sources, that have not undergone any energy conversion process, are considered. Woodfuels could be used under different forms:
· Direct : Fuelwood that is collected/removed directly from the fields for the specific energy purposes;
· Indirect : Fuelwood that does not come directly from the fields, i.e. the wood was removed for other purposes (e.g. Industrial, conditioning, traditional industries, etc.) and the Fuelwood is rather a by-product (e.g. Fuelwood that comes from the different kinds of wood residues produced by the wood industry units);
· Recovered (or recycled) : Fuelwood that is recovered from furniture, and different wood items after their normal utilization life.

Charcoal :Energy item that is derived from Fuelwood and used to satisfying final sectorial energy demand or even for electricity generation where relevant.

Carbonization Ratio (Tons Wood/1 Ton Charcoal) :1 Ton of charcoalis derived from 6 CUM of Fuelwood according to FAO assumptions (which means 4.35 tons of wood for 1 ton of charcoal). However, this estimate is not likely to be generalized for the case of Africa where the carbonization efficiency is substantially lower. In fact, the Carbonization Ratiois rather ranging from 5 to 12.6 tons of wood for 1 ton of charcoal, according to different statistical sources consulted.

For sources other than FAO the general CarbonizationRatio assumed = 6. However, when mentioned, the specific ratio of each data source was applied. The list of the specific ratios are included in the introductory section of each of the data source related appendix.

Black Liquor : a specific wood-derived fuel (indirect woodfuel) that is recovered and used as fuel from the manufacture of paper. The derived energy comes from the lignin removed from the wood pulp.

Woodfuels : include all categories of primary or converted wood used for energy : Fuelwood, Charcoal and Black liquor.

Primary Energy : Energy that is quantified at the primary user level before any transformation process. For example, the primary Woodfuel consumption is quantified in energy terms by adding the following items : Fuelwood + Charcoal (in terms of Fuelwood equivalent using the carbonization ratio) + Black Liquor (in terms of Woodfuel equivalent using the conversion ratio mentioned above)