Topic: Breast Cancer General Purpose: To Persuade Specific Purpose: At the end of my speech the audience will know the importance of breast cancer. Central Idea: Breast cancer is a type of cancer where cells in the breast divide and grow without control. (cancer.org) Introduction I. Have you ever known anyone affected with breast cancer? II. Breast cancer is a type of cancer where cells in the breast divide and grow without control. (cancer.org) III. I have five family members who are affected with breast cancer, my grandfather, two aunts, and two cousins, and out of all five only one has passed away with breast cancer. My aunt has been battling breast cancer for the past two years now. IV. In 2010, an estimated that 207,090 new cases of invasive breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed, along with 54,010 new cases of non-invasive breast cancer. About 38,840 women were expected to die in 2010 from breast cancer, though there has been a decrease in death rates since 1990. These decreases are thought to be the result of treatment advancements, earlier detection through screening, and increased awareness. (breastcancer.org) V. Today I will first explain to you what breast cancer is. Next I will tell you what male breast cancer is. Finally I will tell you why it is so important to get tested for breast cancer. Body

I. Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that starts from cells of the breast. A malignant tumor is a group of cancer cells that may grow into (invade) surrounding tissues or spread (metastasize) to distant areas of the body. The disease occurs almost entirely in women, but men can get it too. (cancer.org) A. Statistics of breast cancer

B. Breast cancer for women
C. Who is affected by breast cancer
II. Male breast cancer is real and can be just as dangerous as breast cancer in women. It is expected that over...

...BreastCancer at the Cellular Level
There are many different diseases that terrorize the human race every day. Of all of these sicknesses, one of the most devastating is breastcancer. Breastcancer touches all types of people all over the world each day. It is actually the second most common cancer amongst women in the United States. One in every eight women in the United States has some form of breastcancer and currently, the death rates are higher than any other cancer with the exception of lung cancer. Cancer is defined by the Merriam-Webster Online dictionary as “a malignant tumor of potentially unlimited growth that expands locally by invasion and systemically by metastasis.” Therefore, breastcancer is a disease of life-threatening tumors that continue to grow and invade the body, destroying all in its path. Although this is an accurate explanation of what breastcancer actually is, there really is so much more to it. Understanding Breastcancer at the cellular level gives us greater opportunities for treatment development as well as a better insight to what is actually happening in the body when afflicted with breastcancer.
It all starts with an alteration to the genetic code of...

...with breastcancer every year, which is equal to 130 women a day. It is estimated that approximately 40,000 women will die from breastcancer annually. About 2,000 men are diagnosed with breastcancer annually, with about 450 deaths in the result of male breastcancer occurring each year. Breastcancer is a disease affecting the cells and tissues in the breast including milk ducts, lobules and the connective tissues in the area. Breastcancer occurs in women when cells within breast tissue mutate and begin to multiply uncontrollably. This leads to the development of tumors in the breast, which have the potential to spread through other parts of the body through the lymph nodes, spreading the cancer. Men can also get breastcancer, but it is rare. Cancer of the male breast is the uncontrolled growth of the abnormal cells of a particular breast tissue in men. Men have a small amount of breast tissue that does not produce milk that is concentrated in the area directly behind the nipple on the chest wall.
Breastcancer is staged from zero to four, according to the size of the tumor, whether or not lymph nodes are affected by the...

...Hereditary BreastCancer:
The Implications of Genetic Mutations
Nicole Kownacki
Felician College
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine the role genetics play related to hereditary breastcancer and the options available for risk reduction and prevention. Four published articles, two medical databases and a genetic focused website were examined during the process of this research. Breastcancer is one of the leading causes of death amongst women and heredity is second only to age amongst risk factors. This paper will show how genetic mutations are linked to hereditary breastcancer and the degree of risk they pose on carriers of these mutations. This paper will also examine the process by which affected individuals should be tested for the mutations, who should be tested and options available for cancer prevention and early detection are available. General statistics regarding the mutations, various preventative actions and screening methods will also be disclosed throughout the course of the paper.
Hereditary BreastCancer:
The Implications of Genetic Mutations
Documented awareness of breastcancer dates back as far as 1600 BC in Egyptian writings. The idea that breastcancer is linked to heredity was first looked at in the late 1800’s....

...Breastcancer is a frightening disease. It can be fatal, and while two thirds of the cases occur among mature women, it also strikes younger females and about nine thousand males each year. The fear generated by breastcancer is intensified by the somewhat shocking reality that breastcancer has actually increased over the last fifty years. In 1940, a woman had a one-in-twenty chance of developing the disease, while today one out of every eight women will get breastcancer. According to the National Cancer Institute, every three minutes somewhere a woman is diagnosed with it. Yet despite all of the media attention about breastcancer, most people don't know very much about the illness.
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by cells that change and divide abnormally. If rapid cell division occurs when the body doesn't need new cells, an abundance of tissue is produced. This mass of tissue, known as a tumor, may be either benign or malignant.
Benign tumors are not cancerous and may even be completely harmless. Most of the time these can be surgically removed and do not grow back. The cells of benign tumors don't spread to other parts of the body and do not threaten your life.
Malignant tumors, on the other hand, are cancerous. These tumors can enter and damage surrounding tissues...

...Period
There are many different types of breastcancer. For example, breastcancer can begin in different areas of the breast like the ducts, the lobules, or in some cases, the tissue in between. In this essay I will explain the different types of breastcancer. I will also talk about the symptoms many women have when they get breastcancer. Then I will explain the treatments for breastcancer, and the alternative treatments.
First of all, there are two main types of breastcancer invasive, and non-invasive, which means if the cancer is only in your breast or spreading out to other body parts. The first type is Ductal Carcinoma which is a non-invasive breastcancer where abnormal cells have been contained in the lining of the breast milk duct. The second type is Invasive Ductal Carcinoma which means that abnormal cells that originated in the lining of the breast milk duct have invaded surrounding tissue. The third type is Triple Negative Breastcancer which means that the cells in the tumor are negative for progesterone, estrogen, and HER2/neu receptors. The fourth type is Inflammatory BreastCancer which is a less common form of breast...

...Cancers affecting mankind
To date, none of the approximately 60 anticancer drugs used in conventional chemotherapy exhibits a selective uptake in tumor tissue and generally only a very small fraction of the administered dose reaches the tumor site.
If surgery or radiotherapy is not effective, cure rates are in the range of 10% and, as a consequence, 90 % of chemotherapeutic agents are administered in the palliative setting to stabilize the disease or to improve the quality of life.
With such a low rate of drug accumulation in the tumor it is in fact surprising that tumor remissions can be attained; admittedly, these are achieved in the fast-growing tumors where cytostatic agents alone or in combination therapy are most effective in killing the rapidly dividing tumor cells by inhibiting different specific targets of the tumor cell that are responsible for tumor proliferation.
Generally, however, tumor doubling times are slow, the tumor cells are in different stages of their cell cycles, and vascularization in the tumors is heterogeneous with necrotic and hypo hypoxic areas being present that respond poorly to anticancer agents.
Last, but not least, late-stage tumors have mostly formed micro- and macrometastases that are characterized by the multidrug resistance phenotype that includes changes in the cellular target of the respective drug, alterations in enzymatic activation and detoxification mechanisms, defective apoptotic pathways, membrane changes as...

...n medicine, mastectomy is the medical term for the surgical removal of one or both breasts, partially or completely. Mastectomy is usually done to treat breastcancer; in some cases, women and some men believed to be at high risk of breastcancer have the operation prophylactically, that is, to prevent cancer rather than treat it. It is also the medical procedure carried out to remove breastcancer tissue in males. Alternatively, certain patients can choose to have a wide local excision, also known as a lumpectomy, an operation in which a small volume of breast tissue containing the tumor and some surrounding healthy tissue is removed to conserve the breast. Both mastectomy and lumpectomy are what are referred to as "local therapies" for breastcancer, targeting the area of the tumor, as opposed to systemic therapies such as chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or immunotherapy.
Traditionally, in the case of breastcancer, the whole breast was removed. Currently the decision to do the mastectomy is based on various factors including breast size, number of lesions, biologic aggressiveness of a breastcancer, the availability of adjuvant radiation, and the willingness of the patient to accept higher rates of tumor recurrences...