Gherand Samhita which means Gherand’s collection is a revered yogic text. It was recorded as a conversation between Chanda Kapila and Gherand in which Chanda Kapila asked Gherand to impart him knowledge about the physical discipline of Yoga that would lead to knowledge of the tattvaas (truth). Gherand responds by saying that there are no fetters like those of illusion, no strength like that which comes from the discipline of yoga, no friend better than knowledge and no enemy greater than ego. Just as by learning the alphabet, one can read, similarly by practicing yoga one can obtain knowledge of the truth.

Below is a brief summary of the Gherand Samhita based on translations by Srisa Chandra Vasu and with mild cross-reference to the translations by James Mallinson. I did not go into the depth of describing most of the processes described in the text as some of them are complicated and should be approached with extreme caution, under the guidance of an experienced guru. I have described the different pranayams and the 3 forms of meditation as mentioned in the text. I have listed the 32 asanas (poses) mentioned in the Gherand Samhita. A description of these asanas in conformance with the practices today can be found online. I will address some of the more practical asanas and mudras in a later article.

Gherand touches upon the subject of karma and rebirth. One’s karmas cause a person to be reborn and once reborn the person gets caught up in karmas again, so it is a cycle or a wheel that never ends. One feeds the other. One perpetuates the other. He says that the body should be purified and strengthened and the exercises that lead to this purification and strengthening can be put in the following seven categories:

1. Purificatory- through the shat karmas or six steps

2. Strengthening-through regular practice of asanas/poses

3. Steadying-accomplished through mudras

4. Calming-through pratyahar

5. Lightness of body-through pranayam

6. Perception-through meditation

7. Solitude or isolation-accomplished through Samadhi

1. Purificatory-accomplished by following the shat karmas which are:

a. Dhauti which is of 4 types

i. Antardhauti (internal cleansing)

1. vatasara(wind purification)

2. varisura (water purification)

3. Vahnisara (fire purification)

4. Bahiskrita

ii. Dantadhauti (teeth cleaning) which is purification of

1. teeth

2. root of the tongue

3. both ears

4. frontal sinuses

iii. Hridayadhauti (heart cleaning) by using

1. stick

2. vomiting

3. cloth

iv. Mulashodhana (rectal cleaning)

b. Basti which is of 2 types:

i. Jala basti (wet) done in water

ii. Sukshuma basti (dry) done on land

c. Neti

d. Laukiki

e. Trataka-cures all eye disease and clairvoyance is induced

f. Kapalbhati which is of 3 types which destroys all disorders related to phlegm (kapha)

ii. Vyut karma (drawing in water through the nostrils and expelling it through the mouth

iii. Sheet karma (drinking water through the mouth and expelling through the nostrils)

2. Strengthening-through regular practice of asanas/poses. Shiva described 840,000 asanas as many as there are species of living beings. Out of this 84 are the best and of these 32 have been found most useful for mankind. Those 32 asanas are:

1) Siddhasana or Perfect Pose

2) Padmasana or Lotus Pose

3) Bhadrasan or Happy Pose

4) Muktam or Free Pose

5) Vajram or Adamant Pose

6) Swastika or Prosperous Pose

7) Singham or Lion Pose

8 ) Gomukh or Cow mouth Pose

9) Vira or Hero Pose

10) Dhanur or Bow Pose

11) Mritasan, or Shavasan or Corpse Pose

12) Guptam or Hidden Pose

13) Matsyam or Fish Pose

14) Matsendra or King of Fish Psoe

15) Goraksha

16) Paschimottan or Forward Bend Pose

17) Uttkatam

18) Sankatam or Dangerous Pose

19) Mayuram or Peacock Pose

20) Kukkutam

21) Kurma or Tortoise Pose

22) Uttana Manduka

23) Uttan Kurmakam

24) Vriksha or Tree Pose

25) Manduka or Frog Pose

26) Garuda or Eagle Pose

27) Vrisham or Bull Pose

28) Shalabh or Locust Pose

29) Makara or Crocodile Pose

30) Ushtram or Camel Pose

31) Bhujangam or Snake Pose

32) Yoga

3. Steadying-accomplished through mudras

Through the practice of these mudras, the yogi can accomplish victory over death, decay, old age, diseases. The mudras described in the Gherand Samhita are:

The five dharana mudras are mudras through which a yogi can accomplish anything. He can travel between realms and through space, and can travel at the speed of mind.

1) Parthivi-earthy

2) Ambhasi-watery

3) Vayavi-aerial

4) Agney-fire

5) Akashi-sky/ethereal

4. Calming-through pratyahar or dharana or restraining of the mind

a. One should bring their restless mind/thoughts under control whenever it wanders off and gets distracted by material sense objects. Mind follows sight. SO bring the mind under your control.Whether it is praise or criticism by others, good speech or bad speech, good smells or odors, tastes etc, one should constantly practice withdrawal of the mind from distracting thoughts and bring it under his control.

5. Lightness of body– accomplished through pranayam through the practice of which, one becomes god like

a. The requirements for success at pranayam are an appropriate space, appropriate time, moderate food, and purification of nadis.

b. In order to achieve success in pranayam, one should not practice in a foreign land (as in a far off land he may lose faith), in a forest as there is danger for one’s safety, in a city as curious people will cause distraction

c. Pranayam should be practiced in a hut, free from insects, in a secluded place

d. Pranayam should not be commenced in summer (May, June), rainy (Jul, Aug), winter (Nov, Dec), frigid cold (Jan, Feb) as one will contract disease. A beginner should begin his practice in Spring (Mar, Apr) or fall (Sept, Oct) as one attains success with this and also does not contract any illness

e. A yogi should eat moderately (mit-ahar) to attain success and avoid illness.

g. the five greens leaves i.e. holy basil (tulsi), amaranth leaf, parvar leaf, lamb’s quarters and brahmi should be revered by the yogi. Food should be consumed to occupy 50% of the stomach. Another for ¼ of water and the other ¼ should be kept empty.

h. Bitter, acidic, salty and roasted foods should be avoided. Excess of leafy green vegetables, masur beans, pumpkins, onions, hing (asafetida) etc. should be avoided. Very hot, stale and hard to digest food should be avoided a swell as food that is too cooling or exciting.

j. Early morning baths (before sunrise), fasting should be avoided as they harm the body. A yogi can remain without food for 3 hours. In the beginning a meal of milk and ghee twice a day at noon and in the evening is recommended.

k. He should sit on a seat made of kusa grass or tiger skin or antelope skin and face east or north with a calm disposition and practice nadi shuddhi (purification of nadis or energy channels in the astral body) prior to commencing pranayam.

l. The air element cannot flow through nadis that are cloggd with impurities. One needs to purify these energy channels prior to performing pranayam

m. Purification of nadis is of 2 types-samanu and nirmanu. Samanu is done with a beej mantra and nirmanu is done in conjunction with dhauti cleansing practices (the dhauti has already been mentioned above).

n. The yogi should sit in Padmasan and after completing the rituals towards his guru begin purifying his nadis.

o. Nadi shuddhi is done by inhaling and mentally chanting the beej mantra for air which is ‘yung’for 16 counts, retaining the breath for 64 counts of the mantra and exhaling for 32 counts. Do the same starting with inhalation from right nostril and mentally chanting the beej mantra for the fire element which is ‘rung’ in the same ratio as above. Then focus the gaze on the tip of nose and visualizing the reflection of the moon inhale while mentally chanting ‘thum’ 16 times, retain 64 times chanting ‘vam’ and exhale 32 times chanting ‘lam’ while also visualizing the the nectar from the moon is flowing into the nadis. This helps purify the nadis and prepares one to begin practice of pranayam.

q. In sahita kumbhaka, the best ratio is puraka or inhalation 20 secs, kubhaka or retention for 80 seconds and rechaka or exhalation for 40 seconds. The moderate ratio is 16:64:32 and the beginner ratio is 12:48:32

r. Success in the practice of the beginner pranayam results in profuse sweating of the body, the moderate one results in quivering (in the area of the spinal cord), and the best one results in levitation.

s. Practice of pranayam results in calmness of mind, cure of diseases, awakening of mental faculties, awakening of kundalini, levitation, and attainment of bliss.

t. Suryabheda pranayam consists of inhalation through the right nostril, as per one’s capacity, followed by retention until perspiration comes forth from the tips of the nails and roots of the hair while doing jalandhar bandha, and smooth exhalation through left nostril. This kumbhaka destroys decay, death and increases the bodily fire. It helps awaken kundalini.

u. For ujjayi pranayam one should draw in air through both nostrils and hold it in the mouth and also draw in air from the chest and throat and hold it in the mouth followed by Jalandhar bandha and breath retention for as long as possible. Ujjayi helps one get rid of all sickness and disease, decreptitude and death. A different version is given in the Hatha Yoga Pradipika according to which the yogi should keep the mouth closed and inhale through both nostrils while constricting the throat muscles so that a hissing sound is produced, hold the breath (perform kumbhaka) and exhale through ida (left nostril). This Ujjayi can be done walking or standing. It destroys all diseases of the throat, increases digestive fire and destroys diseases of the nadis.

v. For shitali pranayam, stick the tongue out and inhale through the lips and tongue and into the stomach, retain for a while and then exhale through both nostrils. This is great for indigestion, phlegm and bile related disorders and promotes bliss.

w. Bhastrika kumbhaka involves quick inspiration and expiration though the nostrils twenty times and at the end perform kumbhaka. This destroys all disease and keeps illness away. The yogi should practice this 3 times a day.

x. Bhramari pranayam should be practiced past midnight so no animal sounds are audible. The yogi should inhale and retain breath while closing the ears with his hands. He will hear various sounds in his right ear. The first sound being that of crickets followed by lute, thunder, drum, beetle, bells, gongs, trumpets, mridanga (drums) etc. Last sound heard is that of anahat, which arises from the heart. With successin bhramari one gets Samadhi (union with cosmic consciousness).

y. Murcha is done by retaining breath and focusing the attention in the space between the two eyebrows. This brings happiness and bliss.

z. Kevala Kumbhaka is the retention of breath without inhalation and exhalation. Upon inhalation through both nostrils, the yogi should hold his breath. This kumbhaka should be performed eight times a day, once every 3 hours, or one may do it thrice a day-morning, noon and evening. There is nothing that a yogi cannot accomplish with success in kevala kumbhaka. The breath of each person makes the sound ‘So’ during inhalation and ‘hum’ during exhalation. Sohum or soham is the also called the Ajap (without chanting) Gayatri as every human being constantly performs 21,600 times a day (15 breaths per minute) without being aware of it. The mantra is also called hamsa or hansa. This repetition takes place in three places-in the root chakra, the lotus located in the heart chakra and in ajna chakra ( the third eye- the space where the two nostrils meet). The vibration of sohum matches the natural vibration of our breath. It means, “I am That”. Internal/mental chanting of this mantra (Sooooo with inhalation and hummmmm with exhalation helps one attain stillness and realize their true self).

6. Perception-through meditation

a. Meditation is of 3 types- sthula (gross), jyotirmay (luminous), and suksham (subtle). These meditations will help one directly perceive their true self.

b. Meditation on an image of guru is gross meditation, meditation on the lord as a bright light is called luminous or jyotis meditation and contemplation on Him as a point and kundali force is called suksma or subtle meditation.

c. Gross Meditation:

i. Close your eyes and visualize an ocean of nectar in the heart. In this ocean is an island made of gemstones and the sand of which is made of crushed diamonds and rubies. The island is flanked by kadamba trees that have sweet smelling flowers. There are other flowering trees like malati, mallika jati, champa, parijat, padma, and the fragrance of these flowers is everywhere. In the middle of this garden is the kalpa vriksha (wish fulfilling tree) with 4 main branches that represent the 4 vedas (revered Hindu texts) and numerous flowers and fruits. The sound of bees and cuckoo can be heard. Beneath the tree visualize a platform made of gems and on that platform visualize a throne made of precious gemstones. Seated on this throne visualize your deity. Contemplate on the form, garments, ornaments etc of this deity. This is sthula meditation or gross meditation.

d. Luminous Meditation:

• In the muladhar chakra (root chakra), the kundalini lies in 3and 1/2 coils. Here is a flame that represents the living being (jivatama). Meditate on this luminous flame. Through this meditation a yogi can directly perceive the soul.

• In shambhavi mudra, when the gaze is fixed at luminous ‘OM’, the third eye, between the two eyebrows without blinking subtle meditation is accomplished. Subtle meditation is superior to luminous meditation and luminous meditation is superior to gross meditation.

e. Subtle Meditation:

• This can be achieved by performing Shambhavi mudra without blinking. When through tremendous good fortune, a yogi’s kundalini awakens; she unites with the soul and leaves the body through the eyes. This Suksham or subtle dhyana is difficult to obtain.

7. Solitude or isolation-accomplished through Samadhi Yoga

a. Samadhi Yoga is attainable only by the very fortunate; through the divine grace of the guru, by one who is devoted to his guru, who has confidence in the knowledge and faith is his guru and himself, and whose mind is open to intelligence day by day. Samadhi or mukti (freedom) is attained upon separation of the mind from the body and its union with the supreme soul. “I” am intelligence, existence and bliss.

Vishnu is in everything. Vishnu is everywhere. Know that the soul is eternal, the highest and is separate form the body. Let one be free from desires and passions, free from attachment to one’s body, family, riches, etc one will attain Samadhi. Upon attainment of Samadhi there is no rebirth (one is freed from the cycle of birth and death).

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My contribution about James Mallinson and other western experts. Best regards.

Yoga : Main contemporary western experts

Professor James Mallinson (England)

James Mallinson’s interest in yoga grew out of a fascination for India and Indian asceticism – he spent several years living with Indian ascetics and yogis, in particular Rāmānandī Tyāgīs. His MA thesis, part of a major in ethnography, was on Indian asceticism. He became dissatisfied, however, with (to quote Sheldon Pollock) the “hypertrophy of method” that afflicts much of the humanities, and anthropology in particular, so sought to ground his future research in philology. The one aspect of ascetic practice that is well represented in Sanskrit texts is yoga, so for his doctoral thesis he chose to edit an early text on haṭhayoga, the Khecarīvidyā, which teaches in detailkhecarīmudrā, one of traditional haṭhayoga’s most important practices, and he used fieldwork among traditional yogis in India to shed light on the text’s teachings (but not so much light that he had to justify his methods!).
As he worked on his thesis he became more and more unsure that the received wisdom on the origins of haṭhayoga (whose practices form the basis of much of modern yoga) was correct, in particular its blanket attribution to the Nāth sect, based as that wisdom was on a very small selection of the available texts and modern oral history (which is rarely a reliable source in India). But it was clear that to put his work in the broader context was going to be impossible while working on his thesis. When he was revising it for publication a few years after completing it, he was asked to contribute to a volume on the Nāths and their literature. He agreed and decided to concentrate on the corpus of texts of haṭhayoga. It soon became apparent that this was going to be too big a task for a single chapter of a book and he apologised to the volume’s editor but continued with his research. Four years on he has identified a corpus of eight works that teach early haṭhayoga and about a dozen more that contribute to its classical formulation in the Haṭhapradīpikā. With this philological basis established it has been possible at last to put all ofhaṭhayoga’s aspects into context, which is what he is doing in the monograph on which he is currently working, Yoga and Yogis: The Texts, Techniques and Practitioners of Early Haṭhayoga, which he hopes will be published in 2012. Many of the conclusions that can be drawn from the corpus and the other sources he uses (from Mughal miniatures to his fieldwork amongst traditional yogis) overturn what was previously thought about yoga’s formative period. Although he has decided to present the bulk of the findings in a single monograph (because its parts are all so interdependent), in the course of working on it he has written various spin-off articles and reviews on specific aspects of haṭhayoga. Website: http://www.khecari.com
STUDIES

2009 The Ocean of the Rivers of Story by Somadeva. 2 ~ Vol. New York University Press.
2007 The Ocean of the Rivers of Story by Somadeva. Vol ~ 1. New York University Press.
The Shiva Samhita 2007. New York: YogaVidya.com.
2007 The Khecarīvidyā of Adinatha. A critical edition and annotated translation of an early text of haṭhayoga. London: Routledge. (In 2010 the book was reprinted in paperback by Routledge and an Indian hardback edition was published by Indica Books.)
Messenger by Kalidasa Poems 2006, Rupa & Dhoyi Gosvamin. New York University Press.
2005 The Emperor of the Sorcerers by Budhasvamin. 2 ~ Vol. New York University Press.
2005 The Emperor of the Sorcerers by Budhasvamin. Vol ~ 1. New York University Press.
2004 The Gheranda Samhita. New York: YogaVidya.com.
Articles
Forthcoming (2011) Entry on “Hatha Yoga” in the Brill Encyclopedia of Hinduism Vol ~ 3.
Forthcoming (2011) Entry on “The Nath Sampradaya” in the Brill Encyclopedia of Hinduism Vol ~ 3.
Forthcoming (2011) “The yogis’ Latest Trick”. Review article in Tantric Studies (University of Hamburg).
Forthcoming (2011) Entry on “The Kumbh Mela” in Keywords in Modern Indian Studies to be published by Oxford University Press (Delhi) in the series “SOAS Studies on South Asia”.
Forthcoming (2011) “Siddhi and Mahāsiddhi in Early Haṭhayoga” in Yoga Powers, ed. Knut Jacobsen. Brill.
Forthcoming (2011) “The Original Gorakṣaśataka,” in Yoga in Practice, ed. David Gordon White. Princeton University Press.
2005 “Ramanandi tyagis and Haṭhayoga,” pp. 107-121 in the Journal of Vaishnava Studies Vol ~ 14 ~ 1/Fall No. 2005. Reprinted inNamarupa magazine (2006). Reproduced with permission of the Journal of Vaishnava Studies

2007 Channel 4 documentary, The Beginner’s Guide to Yoga, que Also was broadcast on the Discovery Channel. I devised the Programme, co-presented it and was associate producer.

Professor Christian Rodriguez or Yogacharya Yogi Om, is a teacher, writer and international Yoga speaker born in Buenos Aires in 1975, has written twelve books, all relating to Yoga and the knowledge contained in that discipline. These books have been published in audiobook format, according to the author, for ecological reasons.

HISTORY

Professor Christian Rodriguez, Yogacharya Yogi Om appointed under the auspices of the Hindu Yogi Ramananda Surya Prarya Yogi is the only follower, outside India,
the lineage of yoga created 5,000 years ago in the foothills of the Himalayas in northern India.
His Guru, RamanandaSuryaPraryaYogi, proceeded to bequeath the ancient knowledge, which have been transmitted from master to disciple, in the secret oral tradition, and under the gurukula system, since the creation of Yoga 5000 years ago.

He has given numerous lectures in his country (Argentina) and South American countries such as Chile, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay and Ecuador.
Recently approved by his guru, he is revealing ancient knowledge pertaining to yoga, which had never been released outside of the lineage. Such knowledge disclosed, have caused a real sensation and impact in India and among the followers of yoga and experts from around the world, among which are also Indologists, archaeologists and ancient india historians, who have also been interested in their disclosures.

His disclosures have also been of great interest to scholars and researchers of the ancient text Samudrika Shastra, they consider that the recently disclosed information could be the basis on which the text is drawn above. The Samudrika Shastra deals mainly cast by the morphological characteristics of the hands, face and external skull shape and the psychological implications. Other stakeholders in its disclosures have been the Vastu experts, which have found new information on that discipline.

Absolute admirer of Mahatma Gandhi, Professor Christian Rodriguez is a strict vegetarian for spiritual, moral and ethical grounds by definition. Also practiced animal protectionism, making work with their students and followers rescuing abandoned public roads (karma yoga), which animals receive appropriate care in order to be granted for adoption. Is also an active environmentalist, however, is proclaimed in favor of ecology on a personal level, without resorting to clusters. Throughout the years he has collected thousands of discarded (karma yoga). He estimated result of having these batteries discarded with ordinary waste have contaminated the amount of one billion liters of water.

MEDIA APPEARANCES

Respecting his Guru tradition, has always adopted a low profile and an uncompromising stance on appearances on radio, television, print and other media.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

His books have been published, “for ecological reasons” according to its author, in audiobook format. The books have been published in Spanish (aimed at Spanish-speaking countries), in english language for English speakers, and in Hindi and Gujarati language aimed at readers in the Republic of India.
Books can only be purchased directly through reviewers teacher, not being available in stores or Internet sites selling. Among the famous people who have purchased his works include the British singer and yoga practitioner Sting.

Some of his books:

* Dhyana
* Jyoti
* Nada
* Pranakar Prabhava

Audiobooks available

15 TITLES PUBLISHED
UNREVEALED KNOWLEDGE

Synopsis

PROFESSOR CHRISTIAN RODRIGUEZ (YOGACHARYA YOGUI OM) IS THE ONLY FOLLOWER, OUTSIDE INDIA, YOGA LINEAGE CREATED 5.000 YEARS AGO IN THE FOOTHILLS OF THE HIMALAYA, IN NORTHERN INDIA.
YOUR GURU, RAMANANDA SURYA PRARYA YOGI PROCEEDED TO BEQUEATH BY ANCESTRAL KNOWLEDGE, WHICH HAVE BEEN FORWARDED FROM MASTER TO DISCIPLE, IN ORAL SECRET TRADITION, AND UNDER THE SYSTEM GURUKULA, SINCE THE CREATION OF YOGA, 5,000 YEARS AGO.
PROFESSOR CHRISTIAN RODRIGUEZ, NEWLY AUTHORIZED BY YOUR GURU, SET TO RELEASE FIRST TIME IN THE HISTORY OF KNOWLEDGE YOGIC 5,000 YEARS OLD, WHICH HAVE ONLY BEEN DISCLOSED SECRETLY FORWARDED TEACHER AND A DISCIPLE, BUT NEVER DISCLOSED TO ANYONE OUTSIDE THE ANCIENT LINEAGE.

IN INDIA, OVER 5,000 YEARS AGO, THE ANCIENT YOGIS PROCEEDED TO CREATE AND RAJA YOGA HATHA BUILD. THESE ARE TRANSMITTED KNOWLEDGE IN A STATEMENT IN THE ORAL TRADITION UNDER GURUKULA SYSTEM IN WHICH THE STUDENT LIVES WITH HIS GURU UNTIL THE END OF THE LEARNING.
THE AUTHOR, WHO PURCHASED SUCH KNOWLEDGE THROUGH ANCIENT YOGIC SECRET TRADITION, PROCEED TO FIRST DISCLOSE.
AN HISTORIC BOOK, RECORD, A REAL DOCUMENT, WHICH RESULTS MUST, WHETHER DISCLOSURE, FINDINGS, AND CONSULTATION IMPROVEMENT.

Professor Ramiro Calle is a pioneer in teaching yoga in Spain, discipline taught for more than 30 years ago in the center of Yoga and Orientalism “Shadak”.

It is the most important Orientalist writer of this country and one of the most important in Europe. Author of several works, has extensively studied the therapeutic effects of Eastern psychologies and meditation contributions to psychoanalysis, psychotherapy and neuroscience.

He was the first to promote medical research on Yoga therapy in Spain, in collaboration with leading physicians and specialists.

Vegetarian, for 40 years tirelessly explored, recovered and applied the methods of peace and balance, synthesizing knowledge of Eastern and Western psychologies.

His books Orientalism and self-help have been read by millions of people, mostly Hispanic.

His frequent trips to Eastern countries (more than 50 in India), have allowed him to interview the relevant specialists, teachers and Orientalists, including all those interviews and teachings in his books and papers.

He has participated in numerous radio and television which has spread yoga techniques at national and international level.

LITERARY WORK AND PUBLISHED WORKS

Write, among others, two of the strongest publishing groups: PLANET and ANAYA.
For more than 200 published works and his continuous appearances on radio and television, is well known throughout Latin America.
His latest video-relaxation book has sold more than 60,000 copies, and some of his most important works have even surpassed that figure. Many of his works are frequently reprinted.

He currently manages the collection “Light of the East” Publisher Edaf, “Learning to Live” and “lamp Wisdom” of the Jaguar publisher.

TEACHING EXPERIENCE

30 years Director of the Center for Yoga “Shadak” does, teaches physical yoga (Hatha Yoga) and mental yoga techniques and meditation (Radja Yoga) numerous people.
Yoga teacher at the Autonomous University of Madrid and Senior Classrooms (Ministry of Culture).
Extensive experience in the application of methods of relaxation and meditation for people with stress, anxiety, depression and addictions.
He has applied the techniques of calming even the seriously ill.
It is recognized in many varied sectors of the population as a great expert on psychosomatic health and psychic balance.
It has a strong reputation among countless doctors, psychoanalysts and psychologists.
Among his students are people from all walks of life, from housewives to artists, business leaders and politicians.
Lecturer prestige has also directed numerous courses throughout the country (eg, “Yoga and Psychoanalysis” at the Center for the Study and Application of Psychoanalysis).
With great convening power, in their lectures and courses has come to bring together more than 1,300 people.

ORIENTALIST

He has made over 60 trips Asian countries, visiting India in more than 50 occasions. He has been invited 5 times by the Government of India, in gratitude for their continuing research and promotion of yoga and Indian culture.
Author of many books, guides and articles on Orientalism, also has 24 cassettes, videos and CD-rom.
He has worked in the Spanish edition of many books of the most important orientalists, teachers and scholars.

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