Article Figures & Tables

Figures

Network structure of intervention trials assessed in the arm-based network meta-analysis for all outcomes. The figure shows the eligible comparisons available in the star-shaped network for all outcomes (diabetes incidence, weight, FBG, PPG, and A1C) of the direct and indirect meta-analysis. Each node in the network is depicted; the lines show the comparisons that contributed to the analysis. All treatment arms were compared directly or indirectly against control arms. Direct comparisons were those conducted as part of a study, whereas indirect comparisons were those conducted in the network meta-analysis. Although some intervention strategies were compared directly in some studies, these were not indirectly compared in the present meta-analysis. COM, community member; HP, health care professional; TEC, technology.

A: Meta-regression exploring the association between weight loss and odds of having diabetes at the end of the intervention among intervention participants (N = 15 studies). The meta-regression showed the independent effect of weight loss on diabetes risk; every additional kilogram participants lost was associated with 43% lower odds of developing diabetes than among control participants (β = 0.57 [95% CI 0.41, 0.78]). B: Meta-regression exploring the association between number of intervention sessions received and odds of having diabetes at the end of the intervention among intervention participants (N = 10 studies). The meta-regression showed the independent effect of number of intervention sessions received on diabetes risk; every additional session participants received was associated with 18% lower odds of developing diabetes than among control participants (β = 0.82 [0.74, 0.90]). In both panels, the middle line represents the regression line and the two dotted lines the 95% CIs for the regression line.

This was a multiple treatment comparison meta-analysis where arms across studies were grouped according to the intervention employed, and a pooled effect for each group, compared with control arms, was estimated. n = number of intervention arms. Mean (SD) duration of active intervention: 23 (22) weeks; range 1–130. Average (SD) number of sessions offered: 18 (25); range 1–58. COM, community member; HP, health care professional; TEC, technology.