Gene activity is controlled at different levels of chromatin organization, which involve genomic sequences, nucleosome structure,
chromatin folding and chromosome arrangement. These levels are interconnected and influence each other. At the basic level
nucleosomes generally occlude the DNA sequence from interacting with DNA-binding proteins. Evidently, nucleosome positioning
is a major factor in gene control and chromatin organization. Understanding the biological rules that govern the deposition
and removal of the nucleosomes to and from the chromatin fiber is the key to understanding gene regulation and chromatin organization.
In this review we describe and discuss the relationship between the different levels of chromatin organization in plants and
animals.

This article was published as Fransz, P. and de Jong, H. (2011), From nucleosome to chromosome: a dynamic organization of
genetic information. The Plant Journal, 66: 4-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04526.x. The definitive version is available
at www.blackwell-synergy.com.

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