Plasterboard is basically an inner layer of gypsum sandwiched between two outer layers of lining paper including various additives in the gypsum layer.

Varying the weight and strength of the lining paper gives the finished board different properties.

Suspended Ceiling Secondary ceiling, hung below the main (structural) ceiling. A staple of modern construction and architecture.

Suspended Ceiling Suspended ceilings provide excellent aesthetics and have been used for a long time for hiding the building infrastructure.

Grid – Introduction A typical dropped ceiling consists of a grid-work of metal channels in the shape of an upside-down "T", suspended on wires from the overhead structure. Each cell is then filled with lightweight ceiling tiles or "panels" which simply drop into the grid.

Tile Types Normal Fire Rated Acoustic Provide only minimum fire safety as required by standards. Do not enhance acoustic performance of the space. A large variety of surface finishes and thicknesses is available. Fire-Rated systems The sheets made for consist of an aerated acoustic performance gypsum core with glass enhancement are fibres, water repellent composed of a high- and other additives density gypsum core encased in. encased in a heavyduty linerboard.

Grid System Types – 2 Panel Ceiling Systems: These panels are generally placed in a two-way grid which is suspended below floor or roof framing. The pre-coated face of the supporting grid or edge profile of the panels combine with various surface textures to form a decorative feature ceiling.

Fixing Method Type – 1 Direct fixing: plasterboard may be fixed directly to steel furring which is held by appropriate direct fixing clips attached to a structural support.

Fixing Method Type – 2 Resilient Mounts: Resilient Mount may be screw fixed directly to the underside of joists or trusses using screws.

Fixing Method Type – 3 Extensive attention to detailing is paid because a large variety of suspension mechanisms are available and new ones can be devised by assembling the various components together.

Terminology • Ductility Factor (μ) — the ratio of the ultimate displacement (Du) and the yield displacement (Dyield). • Limit State — an event that marks the demarcation between two behaviour states, at which time some structural behaviour of the element or system is altered significantly. • Failure Limit State — the point in the load- displacement relationship corresponding to the last data point with the absolute load equal or greater than 0.8 Ppeak.

Test Setup

Shear Strength of Connection Both the wooden blocking shall be fixed and cycling load shall be applied. The slippage of the connection and the ultimate shear strength shall be recorded.

Shear Strength of Plasterboard and Frame One of the wooden blocking shall be released and the other shall remain fixed. Cyclic loads through one of the hydraulic actuators shall be applied to record results.

Shear Strength of Plasterboard and Frame The displacements of interest are relative displacement between anchorages, slip between anchorage and the channels, and wall diagonal length change (shear deformation of the plasterboard).

Cyclic Load Application – 1 Sequential Phased Displacements Procedure. The TCCMAR procedure defines the concept of the First Major Event (FME) as the first significant limit state that occurs during the test.

Cyclic Load Application – 3 Reduced Cyclic Displacement Sequence. The three cycles of displacement at 100% of the FME following the decay cycles are removed within each displacement increment.

Calculations The hysteresis curves for all three sequences shall be plotted. Based on the observed hysteresis response curves, the initial and the stabilized envelope (positive and negative) curves are generated for each tested specimen

Problems in establishing relation • The actual failure during an earthquake is modelled on a system scale and not component scale. • The seismic zone classification is based on perceptual intensities. • The structural frame design equations, if used on a component scale produce erroneous results.

Seismic Zone Correlation • The Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) is a measure of earthquake acceleration on the ground. • Unlike the moment magnitude scales, it is not a measure of the total energy of an earthquake, but rather of how hard the earth shakes in a given geographic area (the intensity). This value can be related with the MSK scale which has been used to classify the seismic zones in IS 1893 – 2002

Seismic Zone Correlation • The test designed can simulate X displacement of ± 100 mm, horizontal accelerations of ±14.715 m/s2 and velocities of 300 mm/s. • Earthquakes of up to degree IX can be recreated using the equipment.

Suspension Systems | Suspended Ceiling Systems | Armstrong ...

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