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1 I/Q Modulation Generator Supplement The following description relates to the Operating Manuals, version 03 of R&S AFQ100A, and version 01 of R&S AFQ100B. It encloses the following topics: LXI features, see Chapter 1, "LXI (R&S AFQ100B only)", on page 2. Note to the triggering when setting up several connected R&S AFQs, see Chapter 3, "Setting Up Several Connected R&S AFQs", on page 17 instead of see Chapter 2.1, "Remote Access via on page 10 Standard password for remote desktop connection, see "Remote Access Password" on page 10 TRIGGER KEY functions, see Chapter 2.3, "Activating Remote Desktop with the Trigger Key", on page 16 Using R&S VISA for remote control over LAN, see Chapter 2.2, " over LAN using VXI-11 Protocol", on page 11 (;ÙÓÜ2) Test & Measurement Supplement

2 Contents LXI Configuration Contents 1 LXI (R&S AFQ100B only) Setting Up Several Connected R&S AFQs LXI (R&S AFQ100B only) The R&S AFQ complies with LXI Class C. LXI gives you direct access to the LAN settings. 1.1 LXI Configuration Refers to "Configuring the R&S AFQ for Network Operation" in the Operating Manual. LAN extensions for Instrumentation (LXI) is an instrumentation plattform for measuring instruments and test systems that is based on standard Ethernet technology. LXI is intended to be the LAN-based successor to GPIB, combining the advantages of Ethernet with the simplicity and familiarity of GPIB. Like GPIB, LXI determines and standardizes the way the instrument behaves in a LAN. The LXI implementation by the Rohde & Schwarz Signal Generators allows you to change certain LAN settings, to reset the LAN connection as well as to easy identify the instrument. LXI classes and LXI functionality LXI-compliant instruments are divided into three classes, A, B and C, with the functionality of the classes hierarchically based one upon the other: 2

3 LXI (R&S AFQ100B only) LXI Configuration Class C instruments are characterized by a common LAN implementation, including an ICMP ping responder for diagnostics. The instruments can be configured via a web browser; a LAN Configuration Initialize (LCI) mechanism resets the LAN configuration. The LXI class C instruments shall also support automatic detection in a LAN via the VXI-11 discovery protocol and programming by means of IVI drivers. Class B adds IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol (PTP) and peer-to-peer communication to the base class. IEEE 1588 allows all instruments on the same network to automatically synchronize to the most accurate clock available and then provide time stamps or time-based synchronization signals to all instruments with exceptional accuracy. Class A instruments are additionally equipped with the eight-channel hardware trigger bus (LVDS interface) defined in the LXI standard. For information about the LXI standard refer to the LXI website at See also "News from Rohde & Schwarz, article 2006/II - 190". Instruments of classes A and B can generate and receive software triggers via LAN messages and communicate with each other without involving the controller. The R&S AFQ complies with LXI class C and provides an integrated "LXI Status" dialog for LXI status indication and reset of the LAN configuration (LAN Configuration Initialize, LCI). To access the LXI Status dialog, press the SETUP key and select "Remote > LXI Status". For further information, see Chapter 1.2, "LXI Status", on page 8. Firmware update After a firmware update, shut-down and re-start the instrument in order to enable the full LXI functionality. 3

4 LXI (R&S AFQ100B only) LXI Configuration Default state of the network settings According to the LXI standard, an LCI must set the following parameters to a default state. Parameter TCP/IP Mode Dynamic DNS ICMP Ping Password for LAN configuration Value DHCP + Auto IP Address Enabled Enabled LxiWebIfc The LCI for the R&S AFQ also resets the following parameters: Parameter Hostname Description Negotiation VXI-11 Discovery Value <Instrument-specific host name> Vector Signal Generator Auto Detect Enabled The LAN settings are configured using the instrument's LXI Browser Interface The instrument's LXI browser interface works correctly with all W3C compliant browsers. Typing the instrument's host name (LAN device name) or IP address in the address field of the browser on your PC, e.g. opens the "Instrument Home Page" (welcome page). The specific IP address (host address / instrument name) is used by the controller programs to identify and control the instrument. It is automatically assigned by the DHCP server the first time the instrument is registered on the network. The host name is usually composed of the instrument name and the serial number: <instrument name><serial number>, e.g. RSAFQ100B

5 LXI (R&S AFQ100B only) LXI Configuration The "Instrument Home Page" displays the device information required by the LXI standard including the VISA resource string in read-only format. Press the "Inactive (press to toggle)" button to indicate the device. Pressing this button causes a LAN Status indicator on the instrument's home page to flash (if active). A green LXI status symbol on the instrument's home page indicates that a LAN connection has been established; a red LED indicates that no LAN cable is connected. The status of the LAN connection is also indicated by the "LAN Status indicator" in the "LXI Status" dialogbox. The "Device Indicator" setting is not password-protected. For further information, see section Chapter 1.2, "LXI Status", on page 8. The navigation pane of the browser interface contains the following control elements: "LAN Configuration" opens the LAN Configuration page. "LXI Glossary" opens a document with a glossary of terms related to the LXI standard. "Status" displays information about the LXI status of the instrument. 5

6 LXI (R&S AFQ100B only) LXI Configuration LAN Configuration The "LAN Configuration" web page displays all mandatory LAN parameters and allows their modification. The "TCP/IP Mode" configuration field controls how the IP address for the instrument gets assigned. For the manual configuration mode, the static IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway are used to configure the LAN. The automatic configuration mode uses DHCP server or Dynamic Link Local Addressing (Automatic IP) to obtain the instrument IP address. Changing the LAN configuration is password-protected. The password is LxiWebIfc (notice upper and lower case characters). This password cannot be changed in the current firmware version. The links at the bottom of the "LAN Configuration" page open other pages: "Ping Client" provides the ping utility to verify the connection between the instrument and other devices. "Advanced LAN Configuration" provides LAN settings that are not declared mandatory by the LXI standard Advanced LAN Configuration The "Advanced LAN Configuration" menu provides LAN settings that are not declared mandatory by the LXI standard. 6

7 LXI (R&S AFQ100B only) LXI Configuration The "Advanced LAN Configuration" parameters are used as follows: The "Negotiation" configuration field provides different Ethernet speed and duplex mode settings. In general, the "Auto Detect" mode is sufficient. "ICMP Ping" must be enabled to use the ping utility. "VXI-11" is the protocol that is used to detect the instrument in the LAN. According to the standard, LXI devices must use VXI-11 to provide a detection mechanism; other additional detection mechanisms are permitted Ping Ping is a utility that verifies the connection between the LXI-compliant instrument and another device. The ping command uses the ICMP echo request and echo reply packets to determine whether the LAN connection is functional. Ping is useful for diagnosing IP network or router failures. The ping utility is not password-protected. To initiate a ping between the LXI-compliant instrument and a second connected device: 1. Enable "ICMP Ping" on the "Advanced LAN Configuration" page (enabled after an LCI). 2. Enter the IP address of the second device without the ping command and without any further parameters into the "Destination Address" field (e.g ). 3. Click "Submit". 7

8 LXI (R&S AFQ100B only) LXI Status 1.2 LXI Status Refers to "General Instrument Settings > Setup Key" in the Operating Manual. The "LXI - LAN extensions for Instruments - Status..." dialog displays the settings and status of the LAN and allows to reset the LAN connection. For more information about LXI, seechapter 1.1, "LXI Configuration", on page 2. LAN Status The LED indicates the LXI status. The LAN Status is also indicated with the LED "LAN Status" on the front panel of the instrument. "green" "green (flashing" normal operation device identification 8

9 "red" LAN fault LAN Reset Initiates the network configuration reset mechanism for the instrument and resets the hostname, MAC address, and IP address. Alternatively, the LAN RESET button on the front panel of the instrument can be used. To initiate the network configuration reset, press the button longer than 4 sec and wait for the signal tone. See "Default state of the network settings" on page 4 for information on the reset parameters. To open the "Instrument Home Page" (welcome page), type the instrument's computer name (host name) or IP address in the address field of the browser on your PC, e.g. Note: A LAN reset may require an instrument reboot. 2 Refers to "Putting into Operation > Manual via an External Controller" in the Operating Manual. 9

10 Remote Access via As an alternative to remote control using programmed commands, the R&S AFQ can also be manually controlled from a remote location via remote access, or remote desktop. These operating modes are fundamentally different, even though they are often seen as interchangeable: Remote Desktop In this mode, a Windows desktop connection from the remote computer (external controller) and the R&S AFQ is established and you can set your application as with manual operation. Remote Access In this mode, the instrument is accessed from an external controller via a LAN connection, using a standard Web browser and the common cross-plattform technology VNC (Virtual Network Computing). While the instrument is in operation, the user interface of the instrument is displayed on the remote computer, and VNC provides access to all of the applications files and network resources of the instrument. The remote computer requires the VNC client, either as a stand-alone program or as a plug-in for a browser. In this mode, all settings are configured from a remote PC using remote control commands. The GUI of the instrument is not displayed. Remote control commands can be executed either individually, or you can also create programs for repeating applications, that are performed faster than with manual operation and are always reproducible. 2.1 Remote Access via Refers to "Configuration for Manual " in the Operating Manual. Instead of the remote access via the R&S AFQ allows you to remotely control the instrument via the program an open source desktop software application. It uses extended VNC RFB protocol, and additionally features e.g. listening mode or password protection. The software and additional information is available at the website. For the setting up and operating, you can proceed similarly as described to in the manual. Remote Access Password The default password for remotely accessing the R&S AFQ is instrument. 1. To change the password, click the VNC icon in the windows task bar and select "Properties". 10

11 over LAN using VXI-11 Protocol In the properties dialog, you can set your own password. 2. Enter the new password and confirm with "OK" 2.2 over LAN using VXI-11 Protocol Refers to " Basics" > "Switchover to " > " over LAN Interface". " over LAN using VXI-11 Protocol"substitutes the description of "Setting up Control of the R&S AFQ in the 'Measurement & Automation Control' Program" in the user manual. Rohde & Schwarz provides the standardized I/O software library R&S VISA for communication via TCP/IP (LAN: HiSlip, VXI-11 and raw socket), USB (USBTMC) or serial interfaces. R&S VISA is available for download at the Rohde & Schwarz website In this example, the R&S VISA software library is used to set up a LAN remote control link and remotely control the R&S AFQ. R&S VISA is running on a controller PC with Windows operating system. When the connection is set up you can send commands to the instrument, and receive the responses. The remote control connection requires a VISA installation but no additional hardware on the controller PC. The LAN I/O channel is selected at initialization time using the VISA resource string (also referred to as "address string"). A VISA alias (short name) is used to replace the complete resource string. The host address is either the R&S AFQ's hostname or IP address. See " Basics" > "Switchover to " > " via LAN Interface" in the user manual of the R&S AFQ. In this example, it is assumed that: A LAN remote control link between the controller and the R&S AFQ is already set up. The R&S VISA program is installed on the remote PC, see " > RS VISA Release Notes". Configuring the controller To remote control the R&S AFQ, we use the R&S VISA Tester application. 11

12 over LAN using VXI-11 Protocol The instrument is preconfigured for networks using DHCP (dynamic host configuration protocol). If this configuration is used, enter the computer name in the position of the IP address. To enable the external controller to communicate with the R&S AFQ via TCP/IP protocol, set up a remote control link as follows: 1. Make sure that the controller and the instrument are connected in the network (network cable) and switched on. 2. On the controller, start "R&S VISA > Tester 32bit" or "R&S VISA > Tester 64bit", respectively. 3. In the menu bar, select "Choose VISA Implementation > Rohde & Schwarz Visa". 4. Select "Rohde & Schwarz Visa" and confirm with "OK". 5. In the menu bar, select "Find Resource" to search for the instrument in the LAN. 12

13 over LAN using VXI-11 Protocol 6. Select "VXI-11" and "Find Resources". R&S VISA scans the network for connected instruments and lists all detected instuments in the "Resource" list. Note: The search may take some time, particularly in large networks. 7. Select the required instrument and confirm with "Select". The "Find and select resource" dialog closes and R&S VISA indicates the instruments IP address in the "Resource" field of the main application window. 8. As an alternative to the IP address, you can assign an alias name to the R&S AFQ: a) In the menu bar, select "RsVisaConfig". b) In the toolbar, select "+" to access the "VISA Rexource String Composer". 13

14 over LAN using VXI-11 Protocol c) Fill in the "Alias" name, the "VISA Resource String" and the "Device IP Address or host name" as shown in the figure, and confirm with "OK". The "Alias" name is assigned to the instrument. d) Close the dialog. The R&S AFQ is now registered in the program and can be addressed via the resource string or alias name. 9. In the main window, select "Connect". R&S VISA establishes the connection to the R&S AFQ. Now you can send settings to configure the instrument and receive its responses. Note: If the connection cannot be set up, R&S VISA displays an error in the log view. Check whether the controller and the instrument are connected to the network (network cable) and switched on. Correct spelling of the IP address or the computer name can also be checked. For further error location, inform the network administrator. In large networks, specification of additional addresses may be required for link setup, e.g. gateway and subnet mask, which are known to the network administrator. For further information on the functions to read and write to an open session, as well as the utility applications the software provides, see the R&S VISA User Manual. 14

15 over LAN using VXI-11 Protocol Starting a remote control over LAN (using VXI-11) To set the instrument to remote control, you can use the addressed command &GTR, or send any command from the controller. 1. Start the R&S VISA Tester and establish the connection to the R&S AFQ, see "Configuring the controller" on page In the R&S VISA "Basics" tab, enter a SCPI command, e.g. "*IDN?" and confirm with "Query". The instrument is switched to remote control when it receives a command from the controller. Tip: Switching from manual operation to remote control and vice versa does not affect the other instrument settings. 3. Select "Read" to obtain the instrument response. Tip: If the "Show Log" checkbox is checked R&S VISA displays each VISA function call in the log-view on the left. If you check the "Write Log" checkbox the log-view entry is written to the log file as well. You can operate the log-view in two modes: the "Live Mode" shows only the most recent messages whereas the "View Mode" allows you to scroll the history. 4. To set, e.g. the frequency, enter SOURCE:STAT 1 and select "Write". To check the performed setting, select SOURCE:STAT?"Read". The instrument response is 1, i.e. the ARB generator is switched on. While remote control is active, the REMOTE status LED on the front panel indicates that the instrument is in remote control mode. The operation via the front panel or via mouse and keyboard are locked, allowing a remote control program to be performed without interruption. 15

16 Activating Remote Desktop with the Trigger Key 5. Although operation via front panel, mouse and keyboard is disabled, the dialog boxes can still be opened, for example to verify settings. The buttons and setting fields are grayed out and cannot be activated. Additionally, you can disable the access to the dialogs with the command SYST:KLOC ON to protect the instrument against unauthorized readings. 6. To prevent unintentional return to manual operation, use the command &LLO (see section "VXI-11 Interface Messages" in the operating manual). The instrument switches to "REM-LLO" state. The automatic transition from local state to remote state by a subsequent remote command, and the command *GTL are disabled. To return to manual mode is only possible via remote control. 7. To return to manual operation send the interface command &GTL. Note: Before returning to manual control, command processing must be completed. Otherwise, the instrument switches back to remote control immediately. Use the &GTR to disable the "REM-LLO" state. 2.3 Activating Remote Desktop with the Trigger Key Refers to "Trigger Key" in the Operating Manual. Apart from triggering and LAN reset, the trigger key also enables you to activate remote desktop operation: Pressing short triggers manually Pressing long executes an LXI (LAN) reset Pressing the trigger key during startup (while the LEDs are flashing) enables you to modify the firewall settings, and temporarily enables access to the instrument via remote desktop. The start screen of the instrument software displays a dialog which allows you to enable remote desktop operation either permanently or for the current session only. Refer also to chapter Putting into Operation > Booting the R&S AFQ in the Operating Manual. 16

17 Setting Up Several Connected R&S AFQs 3 Setting Up Several Connected R&S AFQs Refers to "Setting Up Several Connected R&S AFQs for Precise Simultaneous Signal Output" in the Operating Manual. When setting up several connected instruments, the master R&S AFQ must be triggered externally. 17

I/Q Modulation Generator Supplement The following description relates to the Operating Manuals, version 03 of R&S AFQ100A, and version 01 of R&S AFQ100B. It encloses the following topics: LXI features,

I/Q Modulation Generator Supplement The following description relates to the Operating Manuals, version 03 of R&S AFQ100A, and version 01 of R&S AFQ100B. It encloses the following topics: LXI features,

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