Kovalevsky Alexander Onufrievich

(1840 - 1901). He graduated from the course at St. Petersburg University in the category of Natural Sciences. He received a master's degree for his thesis: "History of Amphioxus - Amphioxus lanceolatus", a doctorate degree for his thesis: "On the development Phoronis". He was successively professor of zoology at the universities of Kazan, Kiev and Novorossiysk. In 1870 - 73 years traveled from the scientific to the Red Sea and in Algeria. After the new foreign trips was elected in 1890, ordinary academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences and sent for scientific purposes in southern Russia. In 1891, took the chair of histology at St. Petersburg University. Was an honorary member of all societies of scientists at Russian universities and director of Sebastopol Zoological Station. For work "Embryologische Studien an Wurmern und Arthropoden" ( "Mem. de l'Ac. Imp. d. Sciences de S. Petersb. ", 1871) awarded the Prize of the Academy of Sciences of the Baire. Most of the work devoted to embryology Kovalevsky, mostly invertebrates. Studies made by them in the 60's, first established the doctrine of the germ layers in invertebrates. There is almost no more or less large group of invertebrates, . in the study which accurate and detailed studies Kovalevsky not played a very significant role, . and some of the public of the facts (eg, . Amphioxus gastrulation etc., . regressive development of ascidians, . sexual dimorphism Bonelia and others) led to very important generalizations, . In the last years of life Kovalevsky his research focused on the morphology of leeches and some shellfish, . and to determine the excretory and phagocytic organs of invertebrates, . and this hardly affected by earlier questions (especially concerning the excretory organs) they obtained highly significant results, . pave new paths in the field of comparative physiology, . und Entwicklungsgeschichte d. Loxosoma Neapolitanum "(" Mem. de l'Acad. Imp. des Sc. de St.-Petersburg ", 1866);" Entwicklungsgeschichte der Rippenquallen "(ibid.);" Entwicklungsgeschichte der einfachen Ascidien "(ibid.);" Beitrage z. Entw. der Holothurien "(ibid., . 1867), "On planarieobraznom male Bonelli" ( "Notes of the Kiev Society of Natural History", . 1870), "Observations on the development of the Brachiopoda" ( "Proceedings of the Imperial Society of Naturalists", . 1874); "Ueber die Entwicklungsgeschichte d, . Pyrosoma "(" Archiv f. mikr. Anatomie ", 1875);" Embryogenie du Chiton Polli etc. "(" Ann. du Musee d'hist. nat. d. Marseille ", 1883);" Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Lucernaria "(" Zool. Anz. ", 1884);" Zur Embryologie der Musciden "(ibid.);" Beitrage z. Kenntniss der nachembryonalen Entwicklung d. Musciden "(" Zeitschrift f. wissenschaftliche Zoologie ", 1887), along with Marion:" Ein Beitrag z. Kenntniss d. Excretionsorgane "(" Biol. Centralblatt ", . Volume IX, . ? 2, . 3 and 4, . 1889); "Sur les organes excreteurs chez les arthropodes terrestres" ( "Travaux du congres international de Zoologie a Moscou", . 1893); "Etude sur l'anatomie de l'Acanthobdella peledina Grube et l'Archaebdella Esmontii" ( "Bull, . Akad. Petersbourg ", 1896). In 1897 Kovalevsky was one of the editorial department of biological sciences in the 82-volume "Encyclopedic Dictionary" Brockhaus - Ephron.