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SK.T A TRAMP.
" E wm only tramp," said th papers
When telling the news of the dy,
Oi fccw a poor man u diseorer d
Just breathing his last by the war,
And thia was the epitaph written.
And scarcely his Kpirlt had fled
Till matiT around him ffath-red
To morbidly gaze on the dead.
Mmaieura, let ua pause and consider
Right here o'er hi morul remains,
A c ue we, perchance, nitty discover.
Rewarding ua all for our pains.
From whence he had cotne.au.i bound whither,
Ills birth-place and nsme to dnnote.
What's thU t Ah, Measieu-s, 'tis a letter
Cooceiled in the breaat of bis coat.
We'll read' Hr dear husband thia letter
I wiite you, hoping 'twill be
Another strong link in lore's tetter
I'nai bind, you ao closely to me;
My heart's dearest throb of afliclion
I send to you dirling, and pray
Kind llearen for befl.'lh and protection,
And speedy success on your way.
Our children are peacefully sleeping
I many times bless tliem fcr you,
But Freddie is ailing from weeping
And baby is troublesome too.
Yet cheer.'ully. darlioz, 1 laliour
Till you some employment secure,
I'm helped by kind-henrted neighbour
" ho feels for the friendless and pcor.
Thia morning our Jennie came spriirh tly
io kirs ine ; she wbipered me, Ma,
Bweet angels convene with me nightly
Atd gireood ti ings of pa."
God favor my little rom-ncer
With virtuous dreams all her life,
Impatiently watting your answer,
Your faithful, affectionate wife."
Thw ilently tooJ ear-h spectator
Their eyea wereo'tuflowing with tejra.
heir lip-where tae name of Creator
Had never been mentioned for years
Were now breathing prayers full of pity
To God with an ea- nest desire
For thoae in far distant city,
Peprivtd of a husband and siro.
The tale can be told by that letter
Peni of cinpl.Mrment nt home.
His ftarv'.ng condition to better
Away o'er 'he land he did roam.
Ropu'Kf-d by continued deuiuU
lie r!iie to seek refit on litis aod.
At laj-t there's an end t.T his Iria s,
Me r;sts with (merciful (iod.
And M onlv a tramp" said the pniers
When telling the news of the dav,
Of bow st poor man wa. discovered
Jut brtbintr his Iat.t by the way,
And thus was bis epitaph written. "
And scarcely that letter w;ts read
Till many Sum.irit.n.s gathered.
To pay'lhe last rites of the dead.
Duutlalk Viiptr.
THE VICAR OF WAKEFIELD
BY UK. OLIVER C.OIAIHM ITH.
I was ever of opinion that the hontyt
man who married, and brought up a
large family, did more service than he
who continued bingie; and I hid scarce
taken orders a year before I clione niy
wife, a trood natured, notable woman,
who could rean any j.nRliah book v.-itu
out much spelling, while lor pickling,
EreHerviii'rand okinr none could excel
er. We loved ca.ch other tenderly, had
an elegant house, a good neighborhood,
and lived many years in a state of much
nappincsa.
Our children were well formed and
healthy, and though we had but six, I
considered them a very valuable present
made to my country. Our eldest son
wa named Ueorge; our second child, a
gtrl, Olivia; another girl, Wophia; Moses
was our next; and after twelve years, we
una two sons more, Kiehard and liham
When our visitors would say :
Mrs. Primrose, you have the finest
children in the whole couutry !"
"Ay, neighbor," she would answer,
"they are as heaven made them
handsome enough if they be good
enough; for handsome is that handsome
does. '
And then sl-s would bid the girls hold
up their heads, who, to conceal nothing,
were certainly very handsome.
Matrimony was always one of my fa
vorite topics, and I wrote several ser
mons to prove its happiness. It was,
perhaps, from hearing marriage so often
recommended that my eldest son, upon
leaving Oxford, fixed his affections upon
a neighboring clergyman's daughter, Miss
Arabella Wilmot, who was allowed by
all (except my two daughters) to be
completely pretty.; Everything was
soon happily arranged, but, as Mr. Wil
mot was courting his fourth wife, and I
always stoutly contended that clergy
men should not marry a second tinie,
our controversies on the point began to
cool his friendship. The day before the
wedding a relation of mine called with
sorry news.
"The merchant in town," .ai l he, ' in
whose hands your nvirify was inigol,
haa gone oil to avoid twnkiuptcy, and is
thought not to have l.-U u shilling in the
round."
This blow soon determied Mr. Wilmot
to break oiT the match, and my famil?
found themselves humbled in the world,
without an education t render them cal
lous to its contempt. As we had only
X4.000 remaining out of 14,000, I
joyf'uliy accepted a binall cure of fit
teen pounds a year, meauiug to in
crease my salary by farming. My eld
est ton George having etartttl ftir" Lon
don to seek his fortune, we set out boon
after frr our new home. Stopping the
first night at an obscure inn, we found
there a poor gentleman, named Burchr II,
who lacked money to pay his reckoning,
having temporarily impoverished him
self by his benevolence. I gladly lent
him two pounds, and, during part of the
next day, he trav.-le.l with im, giving
rue jn elite running account of Sir Wil
liam Thornhil!, the geutrotis and eccen
tric uucle of our new landlord, and en
dearing himself to us all by plunging
into a rapid stream and rescuing S.tphia,
who had been thrown from her liorne by
the force Sf the current.
Our retreat was in a little neighbor
hood of frugal farmes. The house, of one
story, was snugly thatched, and nicely
whitewashed inside, and, though the
same room served for a parlor and
kitchen, that only made it the warmer.
We had many simplo pleasures to refresh
us after our hone.it industry, aud olten
sat together, when the weather was fine,
on a rustic seat overshadowed with
hawthorn and honeysuckle.
There, one holiday, a genteel young
man approached us with a careless supe
rior air, and soon let us know that he
was Sqoire Thoruhill.our landlord. Such
is the ower of fortune and lino clsthes
that he was forthwith on the easiest
terms with the female part of the fami
ly. :ind readily obtained permission to
renew his visits.
My wife thought this meeting a most
lucky hit, and declared she could see no
reason why the two Miss Wrinklers
should marry great fortunes, and her
children pet none. Observing that
Olivia cecretly admired the fquire, I
warned them heartily against dispropor
tioned friendships, l"ut the arrival of a
sida of venison, with his compliments,
dulled the edge of my remonstrance.
That evening poor Mr. Burchell made
us a visit, and helped up the next day
in the hayfield, asistiug Sophia with
assiduity; but 1 bad too good an opinion
of her understanding to be uuder any
uneasiness from the attentions of a man
of broken fortune.
Shortly alter, w entertained our land
lord at dinner, and though he talked like
a flippant free thiuker, he made himself
highly aereeable to Olivia and her
mother, who began to speak exultinrly
of a match with the squire's family, and
deVnded him with warmth when" I de
clared :
" 1 could have been Vetter pleased
with one that vas poor and honest than
(h'o fin freutkman with his fortune and
infidelity."
Ihe next morniDg Mr. Burchell came
again, and though be was always cheer
ful. ami.Me. and even wise, I began
to bs displeased, with the. impression
seemed to be makinr on Sophia.
However, he took himself away when
the squire bent word by his chaplain
tlafc he intended giving a moonlieht
ball on the -grass before our door. Mr.
Tlnrnbid fetched two young ladies of
fa.-Hon froin town; neighbor Flambor
on.h's rosy daughters were brought in.
Haul-tine with red topknots, and we had
a ry g.iy rirco cf jr, wicdisg tip with
prayers.
'fr tirls soon beran to pitch their
thought very hipu, and their pride was
n .i lower. hy a fortune telling gypsy
who nii.mised T.ivv a squire and Sophy a
lord! all ior a (shilling apiece! Then
the two fine ladies from town paid us a
visit Lady LJarney and Mism Carolina
Wiihelniina Sk'ggs and though Mr.
liurcheil turned his back, anil cried
Fudge!" at the ond of each sentence,
we were vastly pleased with their high-
Jif; c invcr.-ation, and my wife struck up
s plan of sending our two daughters to J
town as their companions, at stipends of
thirty pounds and twenty-five guineas a
year. This they very condescendingly
approved, only requiring, as a mere form,
jfr. Thornhill's recommendation. This
he readily gave, and the expedition to
trtwn was speedily resolved upon, thoueh
Mr. Burchell very presumptuously sought
to dissuade us from it.
As we were now risiner in the world we
determined to sell our old colt, which
had no tail, and buy a better one. My
sen Moses went to the fair with him, in
a waistcoat of gosling green, fell into the
nands or a prowling sharper, and brought
back only a gross of green spectacles!
Then I took our other horse, old Black
berry, and sold him myself to a most
venerable appearing gentleman, who
gave me an order on neighbor Flambor
ough for five pounds. But when my
honest neighbor saw the name "Ephraim
Jenkinson" he exclaimed:
The createst rascal under heaven 1
This is the very same rogue that sold the
spectacles!"
1 went heme aejectea, Dut iouna my
wife and girls in tears over a greater dis
appointment, for the two fine ladies,
having heard reports of us from some
malicious person, had set out for 1ondon,
leaving us to wonder who could have
aspersed our characters thus basely. By
chance, however, Mr, Burchell was de
tected in the villainy of having sent a
warning letter to the ladies of Thornhill
castle, and, when reproached, he showed
such effrontery that I could scarcely
Kovern my passion.
" Ungrateful wretch !" I cried, "begone
and no longer pollute my dwelling with
thy baseness T
ile smiled and departed with the ut
most composure, leaving ua astonished
and enraged at his assurance.
"Squire Thornhill continued his at
tentious, but all my wife's art could not
bring him to a proposal. At last it was
resolved that Olivia should marry, at
the end of a month, fanner Williams
(who was in ea93r circumatances.prudent,
sincere and openly devoted to her), pro-
Tided lire squire did not aieantime de
clare his intentions. Instead, however,
he discontinued his visits and Oiivia
seemed contented with the change in her
fate. Four days before the nuptials,
little Dick c&me running in, crying:
" Ob, papa, she is gone sister Livy
is gone from us forever .'
" Gone, child !"
" Yes, with two gentlemen in a post
chaise and one kissed her and she
cried but he persuaded her and she
said : "Oh, what will my poor papa do
when he knows that I am undone!
"Xow then," cried I, "my children, go
and be miserable, tor we shall never en
joy one hour more. And, eh, may
Heavens everlasting fury light upon
him and his! Thus to rob me of my
child !"
" She's an ungrateful creature," said
my wife, weeping, "to use us thus."
' Do not talk" hardly," said I ; "6he
shall be welcome to this heart, though
stained with vices, if I find but repent
ance." My suspicions fell entirely upon our
young landlord, but, when I insisted on
seeing him, he met me with an open face
and seemed amazed at the elopement,
protesting on his honor that he was quite
a staanger to it. ibis denial and some
other circumstances soon convinced me
that the real culprit whs no other than
Mr. Burchell !" I followed some clews
to his Uight with my poor daughter, but
in vain. Kcturning sadly homeward, I
fell in with a very well dressed gentle
man who invited me to sup with him ;
and talked politics at a grt at rate; but
he proved to le only the butler, and the
sudden arrival of his master and mistress
put me in great confusion. Just then,
who should enter but Miss Arabella Wil
mot, who was formerly engaged to be
married to my son George. She recog
nized me with joy, and, on hearing my
name the old gentleman and lady, her
uncle aud aunt insisted on my staying
for some days.
The next evening we went to see some
strolling players act in a barn. When
the chief performer appeared and per
ceived Miss Wilmot and me, he stood
speechless. It was my fortunate George!
He burst into tears and retired. I con
ducted Miss Wilmot home, and we soon
had my son with us ; all his travels had
brought him no more fortune than a
stick and a wallet ; but I fancied that I
could discern that Miss Wilmot still
lxked on him with a lavorable eye. .Nor
was this preference abate by the arrival
af Mr. Thornhill, who, I learned had al
ready made her some overtures. He
seemed surprised at seeing me, but was
very friendly, and procured for George
an ensign s commission in one ot the reg
iments coin to the West Indies.
(Jiving niy son ail I had my blessing
l ttwiit leave ot the good tainily that
had c-utertain-.-d me so lomr; and set out
for home. Putting up for the night at a
little public house, I chanced to hear the
Mnuladv berating some one in the room
alove.
out i pay, sue crieu : "what, vou
trumpery, to come and take up an hon
et house without crot-s or coin to. bless
youisell with! Come along, I t-:iy."
"On, madam, cried the stranger,
"pi tv ine for one night, and death will
soon do the rest !''
I knew the voice of my joor Olivia,
flew to her rescue, and caught her in my
arms.
" Welcome, ray dearest, lost one, to
your poor old lather o bosom z
" ( h, you can't forgive me ! I know
you cannot!"
if X 1 t w 1 w- .
" les, my enna, i no. nut it sur
prises me how a man of Mr. Buchell's
seeming honor could be guilty of such
tasoncas.
" Papa you labor under a great mis
take. Mr. Burchell always warned me
against Mr. luornhill, who
" Mr. ihornhill! Can it be?"
" es, sir, it was Mr. Thornhill who
employed the two ladies, as he called
them, who were, in fact, abandoned
women, to decoy us up to town. They
would have succeeded, but for Mr.
Burchell's letter, and I am convinced he
was ever our sincerest friend."
" You amaze ms ! My fiot suspicions
oi jir. ihornhill s baseness were too well
grounded."
i
vias, papa, you are DUt little ac
quainted with his villainies; he has been
married already to six or eight wives
more, whom like me, he has deceived
and abandoned. Sj monstrously did he
treat me that I left him and fled here,
only to be at a distance from the wretch
I detested."
The next day I took Olivia home, ar
riving; near midnight, Justin time to save
my little ones from the flames which de
volved our humble cottage beiore our
eyes, leaving us houseless and hungry,
but for the charity of our kind neighbors.
My arm, too, was severely burned, but I
suffered less from that than information
I received that Mr. Thornhill was going
to be married to Miss Wilmot in a few
days. My Olivia's betrayer had ever the
assurance to present himself to me, with
his usual air of familiarity, and pretend
that his conduct toward her had nothing
criminal in it.
"Avoid my eight!" cried I. "Were
my brave son at home he would not suf
fer this, but I am old and disabled, and
every way undone. I J reposed my heart
upon thine honor, and have found its
baseness. Go. and possf ss what fortune
has given thee- beauty, riches, health
and pleasure. Go, and leave me to want,
infamy, disease and sorrow. Yet, hum
ble as I am, though thm hast my for
civness. thou sbalt ever have my con
tempt." "Depend upon it," returned he,
"you shall feel the effect of this inso
lence." Nor did he threatn in vain. The next
morning his steward demanded my an
nual rent. I could not pay; so my cattle
were sold, and myself was cast into prison,
whither I was accompanied by my dis
consolate family. Olivia was suffering
from a slow fever, and one day io the
depression of her spirits the was beard
uttering these mournful lines :
" When lovely woman stoops tt folly.
And finds too late that inen 1m tray,
V hat charm can soothe her melsncnoly ?
What art can wash her guilt away ?
The onlr art her fftillt to cover.
To hide her tihaiiie from every eye.
To riT repentance t her lovtr
And wring his bosoui la to die."
We had now nothing between us and
famine, save what my son Moses could
' ,1.1 -r-, .
earn as a uay iaorer. uven in this
strait I found a lrlead in a fellow prlon-
er, that very Ephraim Jenkinson who had j
got old .Blackberry lor a worthless a tail
on neighbor Flamborough. Hia cun
ning had not saved him xrom the jan,
but he promised to see what it could do
toward relieving me.
Meanwhile my poor Olivia grew
worse, became speechless, and then came
the sad tidings she wasaeaoi it was
for her oake I defied Squire Thornhill,
and now I consented to make submission
to him. In vain! He would thow no
mercy! As if to complete the sum of
our miseries, our dearest bophia was
snatched from us, carried ofl by unknown
rumansi But ill-fortune had still an
other blow. The prison keeper entered
with a man all bloody, wounded and
fettered. Horror! It was my George!
His regiment had not left England, and
hearing of Thornhill's crime he had chal
lenged the villain. Instead of appearing
in person, Thornhill sent four domestics
to seize him. One he wounded, but the
others captured my poor son ; as a chal
lenger his life was forfeited !
But let us be inflexible, and fortune
will at last change in our favor. The
next event was the return of Sophia, who
had been rescued by our old friend, Mr.
Burchell. He received my apolories in
the kindest way, and Sophia explained
that he had heard her cries and disarmed
the ruffian who had seized her, but who
had managed to make his escape.
" Mr. Burchell," cried I, " as you have
delivered my girl, if you can stoop to an
alliance with a family so poor as mine,
take her, obtain her consent, and you
have mine."
Without the least reply he ordered
dinner, a dozen bottles of wine, and some
cordials for me, asserting that, though in
a prison, he never felt more disposed to
be merry.
At my request Mr. Jenkinson and my
son were now admitted. George regarded
Mr. Burchell with astonishment, and
stood fixed at a respectful distance.
Perceiving himself known, our guest as
suming all his native dignity, desired my
son to come forward. After pronounc
ing severely en the sin of dueling, he ad
mitted such palliation of poor George's
fault as induced him to forgive it.
" If there be injury," said he " there
shall be redress; and this I may say
without boasting, that none have taxed
the injustice of Sir Wm. Thornhill."
We now found that our harmless,
amusing companion, poor Mr. Burchell,
was in reality the uncle of our oflending
landlord, and a man of large fortune and
great interest, to whom senators listened
with applause. My poor wife and So
phia were overwhelmed, but Sir William
reassured them, and at his request, Jen
kinson, who had furnished a clue to the
abducter of Sophia, was sent with two
men to apprehend the rascal.
Belore we had well dined, a messapre
was brought from Squire Thornhill, de
siring permission to appear and vindi
cate his innocence, with which request
the baronet complied. Being intro
duced, he gave so smooth a version of
his conduct as quite cleared him, if it
CDuld be believed. But at the sudden
appearance of Jenkinson, with the ruffian
who carried off Sophia, he turned pale,
and it presently came out that he him
self had instigated the abductions with
the basest designs.
"Heavens!" cried Sir William; what
a viper!"
The unexpected arrived of Miss Ara
bella Wilmot surprised us next, and it
speedily appeared that the squire to win
her hand, had persuaded her that George
was married aud gone to America. The
revelation of his baseness revived her
passion for mv son, who was now released'
at Sir William's request, and presently
appered in his regimentals whereupon
sue lost no time in blushingly letting him
know that if she could not be his, she
would never be another s.
The squire now showed himself the
hardy villain, and laying aside shame.
insultingly declared that Miss Wilmot's
fortune was safely made over to him,
and he cared not who won the lady
herself; this was too true; but neither
George nor Arabella heeded it in the
least.
"Let him enjoy our fortune," cried
she; "I can now be happy even in in
digence.
"And 1, cried the squire, with a ma
licious grin, "shall be very happy with
what you despise."
"Hold," cried Jenkinson, "can the
squire have this ladv's fortune if he be
married to another ?"
"Undoubtedly he cannot' replied the
baronet.
"Well," said Jenkinson, "he is married
already; and, if the company restrains
their curiosity a few minutes, they shall
see his w ife."
So saying he darted off, and presently
returned with Ulina I
" Squire," he cried, " this is your law
ful wife, and here is the license! You
commissioned me to get a false license
and a false priest, to deceive this young
lady, but I got a true license and a true
priest."
A burst of pleasure now seemed to fill
the whole apartment. Mr. Thornhill's
assurance forsook him, he fell on his
knees before his uncle and implored
compassion. Sir William promised him
a bare competence to support the wants
of life, and ordered him to be gone.
All now hastened to salute Olivia,
whose death Jenkinson and my wife had
theught it necessary to persuade me of,
to procure my submission to the squire.
Sophia did not seem jterfectly satisfied,
bufSir William soon relieved "her doubts
by claiming her as his own "loveliest,
most sensible of girls."
The next day there was a iovful double
wedding, seasoned with the good news of
tho recovery of my fortune from my mer
chant in town, who had been arrested at
Antwerp. All my cares were now over ;
it only remained that my gratitude in
prosperity should succeed my former
submission in adversity.
How to Make a Lactometer.
Any houekef per who desires to test
the purity of the lacteal fluid furnished
daily by the milkman, can -furnish her
self with an impromptu and, to all pur
pose, an efficient lactometer in this way.
Procure a glass bulb and stem, both
hollow; load it with quicksilver, sand or
even bird shot, until the instrument
will float upright in milk known to be
pure. Mark on the Etem the point to
which it sinks the surface point. Re
move it from the milk and float it in
pure water, marking the surface point
as before, which will be considerably
higher on the stem than the other mark.
Now take a narrow slip of paper, capa
ble of being rolled lengthwise, and insert
it in the stem of the instrument so that
the figures on it will be visible through
the glass. Lay off on this in the direc
tion of its length a space equal to the
distance between the two surface points,
numbering the first point 0 and the other
100. Subdivide this space into ten or
twenty proportional spaces correspond
ingly numbered ; roll the slip and insert
it in the stem until the 0 is at" the
surface point of the milk, the 100 at
that of the water. Your lactometer is
now complete. Float it in your milk
can every morning, and the depth to
which it sinks will register the percent
age of dishonest water, if any, the milk
contains. Suppose, for example, the in
strument sinks till the surface line cuts
tho figure fifteen. The milk contains
fifteen per cent, of added water. Pitts
burg Difjxitch.
The Jewish Restoration.
A curious rumor is afloat, for which
we do not vouch, that the port, in its
eagerness for money, has offered to sell
the hereditary pashalic of the holy land
to any candidate accepted by the Jews
in return for a loan. The transaction
would be one of the most singular in
history, but it is not beyond tne range
of possibility. Palestine needs nothing
but irrigation and trees, and though the
Jews dislike agriculture, fellaheen suffi
cient might bfc attt acted from Egypt.
The restoration of the Jews, with Lord
Beaconsfield for first king, would be an
incident romantic enough to satisfy
even the imagination of the author of
"Alroy." London Spectator.
The chap had legs like a pair of slate
pencils. Small boy yelled to other small
ioy: "Say, Billy, that feller's got a
heapo' courage to risk himself out on
such legs as them, this weather."
"Why?" "Might freeze, break off,
tick in hii body And bleed him to death,
FABX AMD UABDEX.
BlmUaEa; Ctood Hotter.
The American Grocer gives the follow
ing directions :
1. Avoid worrying the cows in any
way, or getting them excited.
2. Milk in a clean, well-ventilated
place, free from all ioul odors, and under
shelter in rainy weather, letting the
cows stand awhile, to drip and dry off,
before beginning to milk.
3. Exclude all filth from milk and
strain as fast as milked. If it can be at
once strained into the pan for setting,
and the straining can be done without
entering the milk-room,' all the better.
4. The best way is to have the milk
room so arranged that its temperature
can be kept uniformly at about sixty de
grees, and then to use neither water or
fee around the milk Then leave the
temperature ot the milk to sink gradu
ally to that of the room. The cream
will continue to rise as long as the tem
perature is falling, and more slowly
afterwards. It will be up in forty-eight
hours. It should be Bkimmed and kept
at the temperature of sixty degrees until
it becomes slightly "ud, then it is fit to
churn. If anv oL jethod of setting
is adopted, it should not be one that will
not keep the milx sweet lorty-eigiii nours,
nor one which will not permit the cream
to rise in that time. It is more or less
injurious, according to circumstances, to
have the temperature of the room higher
than that of the milk.
5. Never let cream eet more than
slightly sour before churning, and churn-
imr it at about sixty degrees, witn a mo
tion equal to that given by thirty or
forty strokes to the minute by a dasher
coverinfr three-lourths oi the lateral
snncfi of the chum at the largest noint
t. ueiore me Duller is eatuereu, ami
while in lumps about the size of wheat
or buckwheat kernels, draw off or strain
out the buttermilk, and thoroughly wash
the butter with clear, cold water at aoout
fifty-five degrees, but do not pack the but
ter together. lhen spnnnie on, ano
mrpfnllv stir in. still avoidimr packing-.
about one ounce of salt to each pound of
butter. Set the butter away in a cool,
6weet place, not above sixty degrees, nor
below fifty-five degrees, until the next
day, when it is ready to work and pack
for market.
7. The nackineshouldbe done in clean,
sweet packages : and if the butter is in-
tended for long keeping, the packages
should be air-tight. They can be made
so by proper use t the brine.
. cutter so packed should be Kept at
a temperature not aoove sixty degrees,
nor below fifty degrees, and in an apart
ment where there are no foul ordors from
vegetables, damp earth, or any other
source.
9. The milk of sick cows, or cows in
heat, should never be used for dairy pur
poses, nor milk known to be impure from
any cause whatever.
10. If from any accident, neglect, or
over-sight, a batch of butter is not per
feet, it should not be packed tor long
keeping, but at ence put into the market
and sold for consumption while in its
best condition. But imperfect butter
should never be made to eat.
Soma Polata About Fat llorsa.
A fat horse is a proportionately weak
horse, r at is an oily matter, itself un
endowed with lite or sensibility, con
tained in cells, as honey is within the
honey-comb, which are vital, and so en
dowed that they lose the power either of
adding to or taking from the quantity of
oily matter at any time existing, lhe
use of fat is to fill up crevices in the
body, facilitate the movements of parts
one upon another, and serve as a sort of
internal nutriment, in case tne animal
should be in a situation where he can
not obtain food ; but, when it accumu
lates, instead of facilitating the motions
of parts, it clogs and impedes them, and
becomes, trom its collected amount
freight, a burden to the body. A fat
horse is not only unfit to go, but really
has a weight within himself to carry
which the horse in condition for work
has been disencumbered of. A fat horse
will not bear the loss of blood the same
as a horse in a working state of body
the one will faint from the abstraction
ot a quantity which the other will stand
without being anected. I'iumpness,
which arises trom fatness, is too apt
convey to the eves of the inexperienced
the impression of strength and ability to
go to work, whereas it ought, we repeat
be taken as a proof to the contrary.
When a buyer enters a dealer's yard to
buy a horse, every horse shown him most
likely certainly every horse four or five
years old is fat, and, therefore, not in
condition for work. Dealers by quanti
ties ot grain and sometimes by means ot
poisonous nostrums and by giving their
horses only such little walking exercise
as serves to keep their legs from swellin
make the horses they have lor sale as
fat as they can, and lor two reasons
First, fat fills up the crevices and con
ceals any imperfections there may be
outward form. It is the horse dealer'
putty ; by it, like the coach-maker or the
lurniture-maker, he makes bis article to
sale appear more perfect or freer from
defect than it really is. Secondly, by it
he gives an appearance of size and bulk
to the article which passes for sign of
strength and ability, but which, as we
said belore, is in reality a condition of
weakness.
I'lne Hannre v. Long Manure.
Mr. Ives, a successful New York farm
er, says:
I have come to believe from repeated
experience in practice, that by applying
the manure while in a raw or fresh state,
if it is only fine enough to mix well with
the soil, it will do the most good that it
ever will ; though possibly a load might
go farther after Tjeing fermented and rot
ted down, for in doing that the weight
and bulk is very much reduced. By ap
plying it while comparatively fresh, the
process of rotting is done where its good
ness is all saved in the soil, like the vege
table matter from a good turf, or a clover
crop, or from any vegetable growth
plowed under for green manuring. We
are told by scientific men that these the
unfermentcd manure as well as the green
vegetable matter go through a slow pro
cess of fermentation while rotting in the
soil, so that all their qualities are saved,
and I believe that the farmer using cut
feed, so that all the material that goes to
make the manure heap in fine, would find
no advantage in letting it ferment or rot
before using it, when with long coarse
manure he must ot necessity put it
through that process to have it short
enough to use.
I might also state that the amount of
manure I obtain yearly averages about
ten loads per head of horses and cattle
kept ; the horses being kept up through
"the year, and the cattle six to seven
months, besides being taken in every
night through the summer. All the
manure is kept under shelter, and the
horse manure so mixed with fiat of the
cattle,, and trodden down, that it seldom
heats before it is drawn out for use. Ten
loads to the acre, spread fromjthe wagon
as I draw it, is the way I generally use it.
Taking up cattle every night through
the summer to augment the manure
heap is an excellent practice. Sheep
should be managed in the same way. All
stock ought to have a dry soft bad to
sleep on, or in, such as straw or dry
forest leaves will furnish, it is perfect
comfort, ao far as possible, that yields a
maximum oi meat, milk or wool from
the food consumed.
Fmrmlnar aud Ihe Credit System.
A correspondent of the Country Gen
tleman writes from southern Kansas:
Bankrupt farmers make bankrupt mer
chants. We can charge ur ill-success
at farming to drouth and locusts ; that
of our merchants to the credit system.
One of the great evils of this day acd
age is the credit system, and the people
of this entire western country have cause
to mourn that they have yielded to the
smooth tongues of machine agents. Debt
and interest will always eat holes into
the savings of the best of men. An ex
clusive cash system is always best for all.
Farming land, with considerable im
provement, is plenty, and very cheap.
There are many claims here that can be
purchased for less than the government
price of land, which is $2.50 per acre.
Judging from the present indications,
there aie many acres that will not be
seeded the coming season. Some have
abandoned their claims ; some have ecld
at one-half lew than their claims have
cost ; others have not seeds to sow one-
half the land fitted for spring crops, whue
underlying all is the uncertainty of reap
ing from what they sow. Drouth and
locusts, year after year, will soon wear
away the hopes and patience of the best
of men." jtfaT.iid stock raising
seem to be the only source of profit in
the country, and these require more capi
tal than is possessed by the average
settler.
People who eo west and settle under a
cloud of locusts, and often where no crop
can be grown without artificial irriga
tion, commit a great mistake. In the
south we have a ten-fold better climate,
far less fear of insect depredation. We
are many miles nearer tne sea, with its
warm gulf stream, that brings twelve
hundred times more water direct from
the eauator. wi.h a very desirable heat,
that flows iido the great Mississippi
river. Southern agriculture has an
equatorial river that never feels a drouth
or carries cold water, oi inesiimaDie
value.
Principle of Breedlua;.
We often hear people talk as if it were
an easy matter to originate a new race of
domestic animals by taking a cross De-
twee n two races of breeds. JNot many
years ago it was often maintained that
we ought to build up an American preea
r J ' .... . i i I
of cattle in this way, by many intelligent
farmers, who supposed they knew what
they were talking about. It ought al
ways to bo kept in mind tflat races have
a fixity of type which h transmitted
trom parent to onspnng, ana tnisonspring
so closely resembles tne parents, when
they both are of the same race, that no
. . . . i j i j
one familiar or conversant witn tnat par
ticular race would ever mistake it as be-
longing to another or different race. And
vet the offspring will not once in ten
thousand times De precisely like cither
of the parents. The individual will
vary, although at the same time he may
be a perfect specimen of the race. No
Shorthorn would for a moment dispute
the " purity of blood " in Starlight 2d ;
neither wouia ne aispute it in iew
Year's Dav. El Hakim, or Crusader.
. . , , , . . . -
These bulls had all and each of them the
nhvsical characteristics of tho thorough
bred Shorthorn ; but at the same time no
two of them were precisely alike they
were true to the race, but varied as in
dividuals.
nv two races will be prolific with
each other, but a third or new race can
not be formed from two old ones or two
already in existence ; this has been tried
repeatedly and never vet succeeded : the
progeny will revert to one or both the
original types or races. All that can be
done in the shape of improvement is to
develop aptitudes , and have these become
so well developed in a series of genera
tions that they will belong to and ue
come hereditary as transmissible quali
ties. The hereditary transmission of
form i3 one thing and belongs to race,
and the transmission of qualities is quite
another thing and belongs to intelligent
hreediner and care.
The difficulties ought not to discour
age us from constant effort for the im
provement of our stock, it is true, but
thev should have the effect to control
and guide our experiments into practical
channels and to accept, some tnings as
settled. X. E. Farmer.
notwehold Heelpv
Puff Paste with BeefSuet. Where
vou can not obtain good butter for mat
ing paste, the following is an excellent
substitute. Skin and chop one pound of
kidnev beef suet very fine, put it in a
mortar and pound it well, moisten with
a little oil. until becoming, as it were.
one piece, and about the consistency of
butter ; proceed exactly as in pun paste,
using it lusieau ui uuuti.
Parsnips. Scrape and wash your par
snips, and put them on with just enough
water to boil them, and no more ; when
thev are done they should be nearly dry.
Then dish them and pour over melted
butter and a little salt, or some drawn
butter. Or, boil them as directed above,
and when done cut them in half, greae
the bars of your gridiron, put them on it
over some lively coals and brown them
How to Candy Frvit. When finish
ed in the svrup, put a layer into a new
sieve and dip it suddenly into hot water,
to take off the syrup that hangs about it ;
put it into a napkin before the fire to
drain, and then do some more in a sieve ;
have ready sifted, double-refined sugar,
which silt over the fruit on all sides till
quite white ; set it on the shallow end of
the sieve in a slightly-warmed oven, and
turn it over twolr three times ; it must
not be cooled till dry.
x kicasseep tjnicKEX. uivide your
lowis ; wasn wen and lay in a flat-bottomed
vessel with the bone side down ;
cover evenly with part boiling water and
milk; let simmer until tender; skim off
the lat that comes to the top; season
with salt and white pepper; pile the
chicken nicely on the dish, put in the
cravy a bunch of parsely ; a large minced
boiled onion, one blade of mace, a gill of
cream ..the yolks of two eggs, and a tea
spoonful of butter, rubbed to a cream in
two tablespoonfuis of flour; let all boil
a few minutes ; take out the parsley and
mace and turn your chicken, which you
must nave Kept hot.
To Cook andServe a Loin of Beef.
Select a twelve pound loin of beef of
good quality, bone, season inside with
salt and pepper, roll and tie it firmly
with strong string, cook the same way as
beef a la mode, omitting the calFs feet ;
when done (it takes at least four hours)
drain, pare, glaze and keep it warm till
wanted ; free the gravy of its grease and
reduce with a quart of Espagnole sauce ;
dress the beef on a layer of brazed red
cabbage, garnished around with alternate
groups of glazed onions and boiled and
glazed beet roots, nicelv rounded ; pour
the same over the garnishing and serve.
Macaroni a i.' Itamenne. A cor
respondent of the New York Times says:
Have a pan of boiling water, with a
spoonful of salt in it. Put the macaroni
in and let it boil until tender, but it
must not become a paste ; strain dry in
a sieve; put into the pan with some
white sauce, or any strong stock ; a tea
spoonful salt, a half teaspoon ful pepper
and pinch of cayenne ; when boiling put
in the macaroni. Take hold of the
handle of the saucepan and shake it
around, but do not stir it. Add to a
pound of macaroni a grated quarter of
a -pound of Parmesan cheese, snake over
the fire until well mixed.
An Immense Washing.
A few days ago a lady rooming at a
fashionable lodging-house got struck with
the bed-quilt mania. She determined to
manufacture a bed-qailt for some of the
church fairs, to be composed of 6.843
pieces, irrespective of the edging. Full
of this sublime feminine conception,
she gathered up all the old calico rags
that her neighbors were glad to get rid
of, and spent a whole day cutting them
up into pieces ; then about five o'clock
she went out to dine. When she return
ed the rags were gone. The way that
woman fretted and worried about those
old pieces f patchwork was especially
enlivening to the roomers on the same
floor. She went to chief of police, called
on the mayor, all the aldermen, and
bored the head of the fire department al
most to death to get some kind of redress.
She wanted everyt roem in the house
searched. Yesterday afternoon her
Chinese wash-boy appeared with a big
bundle, which he proceeded to deposit on
the floor.
" How muchee, John ?:'
" Eighty-seven dollar and sixteen
A shiver went through that woman's
frame. The Chinaman unfolded the
washing and there were those 6,843
pieces of patchwork and 3.689 ragged
edges which had been cut off, all neatly
washed, ironed and folded.
Dr. Harris was caded to attend this
wounded man, and says that the flat-iron
wounds on his head will take him off if
erysipelas sets in. Virginia Chronicle.
Major Powell quotes the following
proverb from the Indians:
Let a man talk a veir long time.
Let a man talk a very long time.
Let man talk very lonir time,
A hole he will bore into a rock.
. Why scfter from Cold in the Head ?
Dr. J. H. lleLean's Catarrh Snuff soothes
and oures. Infallible for Catarrh, and any
Sores in the Soe. Trial Boxes 60 eta., by
mail. Dt. . n McLean, St. Louis.
- The Telephone.
and one which every person acquainted
with the electric telegraph would under
stand at sight. . The instrument consists
B?"u s 8ISfl' "Lue "wnen. consists
tSSS'JSTffS. KSSS
magnet, to the poles of which are attach
ed ordinary coils of insulated wire. In
front of the poles, surrounded by these
coils of wire, is placed a diaphragm of
iron, while a mouth-piece to concentrate
the sound upon this diaphragm substan
tially completes the arrangement. When
the human voice causes the sensitive di
aphragm to vibrate, electrical undula
tions are induced in the coils surround
ing the magnets precisely in the same
manner as the undulations of the air are
produced by the voice. These undula
tions then travel through the wire, and
passing through the coils of an instru
ment of similar construction at a longer
or shorter distance, as the case may be.
are again transformed into air undula
tions bv the diaphragm of the instru
ment. it will be borne in mind that the
voltaic battery is dispensed with entirely,
and all that is needed for transmitting the
voice sounds are the instruments and the
telegraph wire. In this connection a re
markable peculiarity of the telephone is
that a practiced ear is able to distinguish
HUV VIVVJ
the voices that speak through the in-
8trument.
Ihe inventor claims that
as any anect produced by electricity
over a short wire, can with equal facility
be produced over one ot lvv or l,wo miles
in length, provided the insulation be
good, so can the electric wave of the tel
ephone be perfected to render free and
easy the sounds generated by the human
voice to any length. In fact, with such
advances as the system has made of late,
there would seem to be no limit to which
it mar put anj the pract;Cal advan-
tages likely to result from it. The inven
tion is now in its infancy, but no doubt
it will soon astonish the world by what
it may be able to do
It is probable that among the nrst
practical uses to which the telephone
will be put wm be its use by several ei
those railroads that have special wires
used only for railroad purposes. Next,
private banking houses and large manu-
lactunng estaoiisnments, etc., win ncu
it advantageous to use the telephone. It
is well known that the expense and
trouble of batteries and keeping them in
order has been one of the main items in
the account of telegraphing, and with
the present system expert operators are
required. Under the system of telepho
ny the cost of constructing the line and
putting in the instrument is an, and tne
affair is permanent so long as the wires
, i . rri - . ;n
ana poies snau last, ine invention wm
be wonderfully economical, to say the
least, as well as more expeditious and
easier to learn to operate than the pre
sent system of telegraphy, lhis inven
tion will not only be a decided improve
ment, but may exert a powerful influ
ence in breaking up the telegraph monop
olv and reducing rates to a lower scale
than that now in vogue.
Kespecting the adaptation ot the in
vention to Ing distances the late ex
periments warrant the belief that it can
be made to answer all the purposes of
the telegraph either under the ocean or
across the land. The artificial resistance
employed in the experiment between
much greater than an equivalent of the
lengthgof the wire between New York
and San Francisco or the Atlantic cable.
fn fact the inventors hope soon to talk
through the cable and send their compli
ments to queen ictoria. urapnic.
The Circulation of the Blood.
Physiology was destined to receive
more substantial contributions from
Cesaloino than either botany or min
eraloL'V. The circulation of the blood,
that is its passage from the right side of
the heart across the lungs to the lett side,
had been known to Galen, who also knew
the arteries and veins in their ultimate
ramifications communicate with each
other across an "anostomosis" of minute
vessels iu every part of the body. This
knowledge was vitiated by the hypothesis
that the blood passed from the right side
of the heart through the intervening
septum ot the left, an hypothesis of which
Julius Caesar Arantius, of Bulogna, ex
posed the absurdity. The next and final
step in the discovery belongs according
to the Italian physiologists, to Cesalpino,
who in 1569, demonstrated the passage
of the blood fromjthearteries'to the veins,
acioss the capilarier throughout the sys
tem, and applied the term "circulation"
to the perpetual movement ot the blood
"from the veins to the right side of the
heart, from thia to the iungs, from the
lungs to the left side of the heart, and
from this to the arteries." In 1593 he
published the "Quistioni Mediche," in
which he illustrated the circulation by
constiicting any limb ol the body with a
bandage, whereupon the vein swelled in
the interspace between its capilliary
organ and the ligature, so that when cut
with a lancet the black venous blood
flowed out; and after it the red arterial
blood. "Cea.ilpino moreover" (says his
recent apologist, Dr. Ceradina, of Genoa,
to whom I am indebted for many of the
above mentioned facts), "recognized that
the blood is contained at a higher pres
sure in the arteries than in the veins,
and that in its passage from the former to
the latter the capilliary anas) emoses in
terpose a greater or smaller obstacle ac
cording to the degree of their dilation.
"All these facts," continues Dr. Ceradini,
'Cesalpiuo taught first from the chair of
medicine at Pisa, and subsequently at
Home, where he died in 1603. All that
was left for Harvey to do was to strength
en Cesalpino's discovery by assigning to
the valves (of which Fabricio I)i Ac
quapendente first pointed out the ex
istence) the function of opposing the
centrifugal movement of the blood. In
fact, Harvey's merit really and only
consists in having successfully sustained
a struggle against the prejudice and ig
norance that impeded the acknowledge
ment of Cesalpino's discovery."
It is old that, after such proofs of
scientific acumen Cesalpino should have
written seriously on witchcra t ; but such
is the fact. Home nuns ot Pisa were
reputed to be possessed by demons, and
the archbishop of the diocet! convoked
the theologians philosophers, and phy
sicans of the university to investigate
whether the phenomena manifested by
the nuns proceeded from natural causes.
Cesalpino's contribution to the subject
judiciously refrained from denying the
existence of evil spirits. He said that
these unseen agencies makes use of phy
sical means, diffusing a Eubtle poison
which causes fascination, enchantment,
and other signs of demoniacal possession.
These phenomena, however, can be cured
by physical means like another disease;
though, he cautiously adds, religious
ministrations will ,"enhance the efficacy
of the remedial agent. In this recog
nition of the church Cesaipino betrays
the dread common to Galileo and ether
contemporary savans, of offending the
spiritual authority ; and, though he was
accused of materialism and atheism by
Dr. Samuel Parker, archdeacon of Can
terbury, and the French physican,
Taurel, he never lost the favor of the
Rome Curia. In fact, the cardinal who
presided over the preis, in allowing him
to publish his "De Metallicis," declared
the treatise worthy ol its author, "Che
fa tempre diligentitsimo negvace dei dogmi
peripatetiche" (who wa3 always a very
diligent follower of the Aristotelian dog
mas). Another point worth noting in
Cesalpino's career is the fact that he was
past fifty when he began to write, and
he was eighty-four when ho published
his last work, an appendix to his earliest
f'The QuistioDi Peripatetiche"). At
that age he died, leaving behind him a
world-wide reputation for versatility,
sagacity, and learning.
The Inter-Oceanic Canal.
The interest in the long alked of in
ternational work is just now being re
vived throughout our country by the re
ports recently submitted to the govern
ment by the commission which was some
three or four years ago appointed to ex
amine as far as might be practicable the
different routes across the isthmus, so
far m such proposed water routes might
be deemed worthy of examination, and
make full reporta of the result of such
examination. It now seems that the
commission has about come to the con
clusion that the route via Lake Nic
aragua is the -one best adapted to the
making of a great inter-oceanic passage
way acroes the great land barrier that
has so long barred the passage of ships ol
all nations from the Atlantic to the Pa
cific ocean, and vita verm. This route
will have a length of on hundred and
eighty one miles from Greytown on the
Atlantic side to uricto on ine rucinc
side. In this distance there will be a
run of fifty-six miles through Lake N ic
aragua. The surface of this lake is one
hundred and seven feet above the level
ol either ocean, and the calculation is
that it will require ten locks on the Pa
cific side and ten on the Atlantic side to
overcome this elevation. On the Atlan
tic side the San Juan rirer will be used
to create slack water navigation for a dis
tance of sixty-three miles.
RELIGIOUS SEWS.
Of the 60.000 Chinese in San Fran
cisco, about seven hundredj and fifty at
tend the evening mission schools, lhree
hundred have joined churches. Seven
hundred are members ot cnnstian
societies and are studying christian
doctrines. Nearly 1,000 regularly attend
Sunday-school.
As the result of the interest created in
Chicago by Mr. Moody's preaching, the
churches of that city are receiving large
accessions to their members. On a re
cent Sunday the first Presbyterian, of
which the Kev. A. E. Kittridge is pas
tor. added to its roll of members one
hundred and sixtv-one persons. This is
but one instance". Churches of other
denominations show like signs of pros
perity.
The progress of Christianity in India
receives a lrei-lt illustration in tne iact
. ... . . . - ,, .
that the Methodist Episcopal church
has organized there a second conference.
the south Indian. It consists oi twenty
four preachers, and takes in both Bom
bav and Calcutta. The public meetings
of the conference, held at Bombay in
November, were attended bv Hindoos.
Parsees, Mohammedans, and christians.
A religious body not much known, but
very active, is the church ot the seventn-
dav adventists. Thev have at Battle
Creek, Michigan, a publishing nouse
collece. and health reform institution
Another publishing house is located at
..... . ,
Oakland. California. In circulating the
of their cress the adventists dis
play an unusual degree of energy.
The Question whether the basis
fraternity adopted by the northern and
southern joint commissions last summer,
and which was soacceptable in tnenonn
would be eouallv acceptable in the
south, is by this time definitely settled
The southern conferences, as they sue
cesi-ively meet, express approval with
------- : . 'l-l. -N.- L fmi
gre;n unamuiibjr. iuh iioim uwig"
con rtrc nee declares its "prolov. nd gTati
tuce to God for endowing His servant
the commissioners with wisdom to for
mulate the existiuu sentiments
fraternity in language nt once honorable
to both churches and acceptable to in
conference."
Mr. Lewis E. Jackson, who has for
years given ckse attention t3 the relig
ious statistics of New York, has com
piled the following table: The Baptists
of the city number, thirty-nine churches
and 12,3ol communicants; the Oongrega-
tionalists, live churches and lzvo com
municants; the Episcopal Methodist,
fifty churches and 10,6,8. communicants
the rrotestant tpipa ans sixty
churches an 16,568 communicants: the
Presbyterians, forty churches and 17,994
communicants; the Keformed (Dutch),
fourteen churches and 5299 communi
cants. Missions, and other protestant
churches represent about 9000 com
municants. There are in New York
three hundred and ninety-six protestant
churches and missions. The protestant
population ol the city hardly exceeds
500.000.
The clergy of Prussia have a social
duty imposed on them which is peculiar
to that kingdom. ' It is that of reconcil
iation, if practicable, of parties who con
template applying to the courts for di
vorce. Every demand of legal divorce
must be preceded by an appeal to this
peace tribunal. The law on this subject
dates from 1844, and has been a practical
success. In the seven old Prussian pro
vinces, which have a population of 17,
000,000, there was in 1873 7,325 couples
that desired separation: in 1874 there
were 7430. In 1873 there were, out of
the whole number, 2S29 couples recon
ciled ; in 1874, 2688. These reconcilia
tions appear to be mostly permanent; in
1873 only about six hundred couples ap
peared before clergymen for the second
time ; in 1874, about five hundred. In
every case the parties first appear sep
arately before the clergyman, and after
ward together.
Bishop Whipple, in a letter to the
Churchman of January 13, complains of
our new treaty with the fcioux Indians
as a flagrant breach of national faith.
Being a member of the Sioux commis
sion, he spsaks with authority. The chief
points ot the new compact are, that,
when placed on their reservation, these
Indians shall labor or have no govern
ment rations, that each one who com
plies with the necessary conditions shall
have a title to his land, and that they
shall be governed by the laws of the
United States. The bishop charges the
last Indian war to our own disregard of
our promises. We make treaties only
to break them at pleasure. Sitting Bull
was not included in the agreemen tsof 1 868,
but might have been kept peaceful had
therenot been great Plundering. Dr.
Whipple, whose whole heart is enlisted fer
thelndians, thus concludes his story:
"The oeacepolicy would have been a per
fect success if the system had been reform
ed. Even without governmentwithout
law,without pf rsooal protection in prop
erty and life, it hat done more than was
done in any previous period of our
history. One thing I beg of all christian
men ; to pray God to incline the heart
of the nation to deal righteously with
the scattered remnant of the Indian na
tions under their charge. I ask breth
ren in the ministry to preach snch a
revival as the old prophets preached, 'to
undo the bauds of wickednei".'
The Struggle for Existence.
The different members of the organic
world are so bound together by complex
relations that one change usually invol
ves many ether changes. We know lit
tle, it is true, of the way in which one
animal or plant is bound up with others;
but we do know that groups the most
apparently disconnected are often en
tirely dependent on other groups.Thus
the introduction of goats into St. Hele
na destroyed a whole flora of forest trees.
This was "the sentence of death on all the
insects, mollusca, and perhaps birds,
which found their livingon trees. Swine,
which ran wild in Mauritius, extermi
nated the dodo. The same' animal is
the most mortal foe of venomous ser
pents. In many districts the browsing of cat
tle will prevent the growth of trees.
With the trees an end is put to the in
sects which depend upon the trees, to
the birds which feed upon the insects,
and to the email mammals which live
upon the fruits, teed, leaves or roots
Insects, moreover, have the most wonder
ful influence on the raDge of mammals.
In Paraguay a species of fly destroys
new born cattle end horses. Hence
neither of these animals run wild in that
country, although they abound in the
adjacent regions. This leads to a great
difference in the Vegitation of Paraguay,
aod through that to a difference in its
insects, bird?, reptiles, and wild mam
mals. The extinction of this fly would
change the whole face of the country.
So in South Africa, in the districts in
fested by the tsetz fly. no horses, dogs,
or cattle can live. Yetit has no effect on
asses, zebras, or antelopes.
Mr. Darwin's often quoted case of the
cats and clover afford an apt illustration
of the point in question. It is known
that in England bota red clover aod wild
heartsease are fertilized only by the visits
of bumble bees. But bumble bees are
larecly kept down by field mice, which
destroy their combs and nests. Field
mice in their turn are kept down by
cats. I there were no cats there would
be no red clover or wild heartsease. For
in that case there would be no check on
the field mice, which would multiply so
abundantly as to destroy all bumble bees.
There would be nothing to fertilize the
red clover and heartsease, and the two
plants would produce no eed and be-1
come extinct.
Tttcrr was an irreverent man at the
Forefathers" dinner in New York who
tanatjri t.h Puritan mothers, on the
ground that they were compelled to
endure not only the inconvenience of a
rigorous climate ana tne norro w
savage warfare, but a worse evil, the
Pilgrim fathers.
. . Surprise is the essence of wit, but
romehow when a man is climbing down
a ladder, in an awful hurry, and never
finds out that one of the rounds is gone
until he tries to step on it with both feet,
it never seems very funny to him.
THE UOSPEL. Or MERIT.
Where there is ao much rivalry aa in the
manufacture of family medicine, he who
would auceeed munt sive positive and con
vincing proof of went. Thia in an age of
inanirv. Peonle take nothing for eranted.
They must know the u whys " and where-
lorea" belore acknowledging tne aupenonty
of one article over another. Among the few
nrenarattons that have atood the teat, those
mannfactured by R. V. Pierce. M. P., of the
World s ihspensary, Bunalo, in. x., nave ior
many years been foremost. Inetrutn oi any
statement made concerning them can be
easily ascertained, for lr. saee I t atarrti
Remedy and l)r. neree'a uoiaen Aieatcai
Discovery are now prescribed by many phy
aicians in enrinff obstinate cases of Catarrh
and incipient Consnmntion. The Discovery
has no e-iusl in curing Coughs, Colds, liron-
chitl and ervotn Affections. It allays an
irritation of the mucous membrane, aids di
gestion, and when used with Dr. Pierce s
Pleasant Purgative Pellets readily overcomes
torpid liver and Constipation, while the
Favorite Prescription has no rival in the
field of prepared medicine in curing diseases
peculiar to lemaVs. II you wiah to " know
thyself " procure a copy of "The People's
Common Sense Medical Adviser," an illus
trated book of nearly 1,000 pages, adapted to
the wants of everybody. Price $1.50, postage
B repaid. Address the author, It. V. Pierce,
uffalo, X. Y.
Is there one reader of this paper suf
fering from rheumatism? If so, write to
Helphenstine & Bentlv. Druggists, Washins
ton, D. C, for a circular of Durang's Rheu
matic Remedy. This medicine is taken in
ternally, and will positively cure any case of
rheumatism on the face of the green earth.
Price, one dollar a bottle.
It is a rare thing that physicians give
any countenance to a medicine, the manu
facture of which is a secret. About the only
exception we know of is Johnson's Anodyne
Liniment. This, we believe, all endorse, and
many of them use it in their practice with
great success
Persons requiring purgatives or pills
should be careiui wnat iney dut. pome
pills not only cause griping pains, but leave
the bowela in a torpid, costive state. Par
sons' Purgative Pills will relieve the bowels
and cleanse tne bloed without injury to tne
system.
Vegetable Pulmonary Balsam, the great
New England cure fircouchs, colds and con
sumption. Cutler, Bros. Co's, Boston, only
genuine.
MARKET KEPORT8.
MESiriliau
4
Flour-
Wheat
Cora
Oats
Lard
Baoon Clear bides
Hay Best..
Whisky Common.
Robertson County...
Bourbon
Lincoln County...
nighwines
Cotton Ordinary .
Good Ordinary
Low Middling-
Heeds Clover
00
9
(4
8 60
1 12H
6i
fl
13
2 00
1 15
3 00
6 60
3 00
1 15
10X
1154
8 60
65
3 00
2 00
2 00
8 0
to
1 10
60
50
30 00
2:9
1 00
1 75
5 00
I 75
I IS
10
12
(4
(4
8 60
eo
1 75
1 75
t 75
3
German Millet.
Missouri Millet
Hungarian
Buckwheat, bni-h.
(4
(4
(J)
3
HKW OKLKt'S.
Flour..
6 75
Corn
0&t
Hay.
Pork
Snirar-
Molasaea....
Whisry
Cotton .
70
AH
24 00
19 60
(4
lA
(aL
60
1 1C
1 05
12
I.OT I MILLE.
6 25
flour.
8 75
1 50
45
41
Wheat Bed and Amber.. 1 3i
Corn Sacked 43
OaU 37
Hay Timothy 9 00
Pork Mess 17 50
Lard 13
Bacon Clear sides 10
WooL- - 33
Potatoes Irish. bbl... . 1 60
Cotton Middling J 2
Ordinarv 9
(4
(j) 10 00
IS 00
(4
12
dp
(4
35
65
MUSIC BOOKS
Ech book may be safely received as among
the Tery best.
The Salutation. (WV:.o2i.
First Clous Cburch Mueic Hook.
J I1C J.I1C01 V. Br I. O. Kmerson.
Kirst TIB'S Wincing School fcook.
World of Sonar. if,r;!5ao,h;
Unrivalled OolK-ction of tfongn
Gems the Dunce. iftW " n
The 'ot Brilliant l lmo Mimic.
Perkins' Anthem Book. K
per d. )
Ad easy Anthrm for each Sunday In the Ymr.
Perkins' (Jlee& Chorus Ilk.
Hiiperb Collection (I.2: $12 per dor.)
Male Voice Glee Ilk. fti'"-
B.lef, New, Spirlud (ilecs In stunMancc.
Emerson's Chorus Ilk. Kj
'1 ha Best Bacred and .Secular Cbortires.
lithrr book mailed, pout free, for Itcliill Trier.
OLIVER OITSON A CO. Boston.
r. If. DiLoa &- Cu., J. K. Dltaon A Co.,
711 BroJwr, Haccor to Lee i Wlksr.
New York. I'liils.
jd ii sumu
r til '
ynoi.ivu come
Bay the Genuine '-ScOVil" XZOG.
It is ftckno-wleged by ell to be the bent.
T ITotictt TSATE-1IAS2 AI7D LABEL.
Beware ot ' 'Boom, Patterks-so called 1
RKfl JILUA XH T
MfEMOCttA TS t
OMtEKXHA CK VitS t
All who wiali an able, neway and falr-min'lcd pa
per, repreaeotinar the heat pttaaea ot Boutl.ern He
public niam. ebonld read the
LOUISVILLE COMMERCIAL,
the loading and rrpreaentatire liepuLlican lournal
of the South.
Dally i ciannarrrtail. I0 prr year, K.1 centi per
month. Try it one month.
Hrrtlil oi. nrrrl.l. neatly arranged, clearly
printed, carefully edited a capital family newa
paper; 93 per year, 8)1 foreix month.. In Cl-iha of
five, tl 0 each, per year; tluha of tea or more,
tl.tVOe.rh.
One ropy of either edition sent t e. poat paid. to
ay addreas. .... . .
Au agent wanted in erery neighborhood, to whom
we pay tu per cent, caab commia.lon, or a handeotne
ad ralnabie premium, tend for Spe lal Circular
if est AdTsrtiiing; Jffedinm In the South,
r.tee, quantity and .jual.tr of circulation contid
ered. Hat. card and copiea of the paper free.
Addreaa A. II. MKUrBICIt.
Manager C'oHMBariAL Lonlavlllc, Hy.
tm bw5t h riAj
una Hit eiujgt.
V. B. THAYER,
Manufacturing Jeweler and Jobber in Watehea,
IMamonde, Jewelry, Blocks of all manufacture,
Diamood tttlnge and Fine Ring.. I" k plain gold
rlnaa at I.Iw pwt. Veal Kings. 4 to 3 dollar.. "
bar. a genntne Elgin morem. ut In aco.n ulrer ca.e
guarantee at I (H doilare. Fine rolled plate sold
cbalna, ganu, to dollars; Wdiee O to dollars,
foarantoed to w.r fir years- Coo.1. ent on eeiec
lo. Adjusting of all kind, ot wat. be.. Old gold
nd siWar lkn In trade. V. . THATBB, the
live J-Voler. 3f etnyhla. a mam.
A LUCRATIVE BUSINESS.
WE WANT 5X MORE FIRST-CLASS
6EWINO MACHINE ACENTS. AND SOU
MENoVeNERCV AND ABILITY TO LEARN
THE BU6INE0SOF6ELLINC8EWINCMA
CHI N E9. COMPENSATION LIBERAL.BUT
VARYING ACCORDINCTO ABILITY, CHAR
ACTEft AND QUALIFICATIONS OF THf
AGENT. FOR PARTICULARS, ADDRE&I
Wilson Sewing Machine Co.. Cnicam
ay i e;a taSASWAT. w Tarj y Vy Crlaa JA
(tiwri,airir-a aeyaiufOeaaay uiu.uiuo.'.llttwi
VP I U W Aa 0 C,am, rl-tun arj CArom .rdi. AniA .acj
tvrhm rVr. m
tat" J
01 tUtiU t. rmnM a oq.it s ft tiHl
Aaam wanted- on aalary cweooiaaiaelan. Haw total
A 1re. J . n. .ti.wwt. ' " ; .-l-ll"y?lL
a iAA WKKH. t'atiiloiriie ana mpi"l)
SS-1U JTLION CO.. I ! Maaaaa bt.. Revfli
El
oil
SC f A lArto Agent". Sample free. JM-paA.
2 5 ."loo.? L.VLKTCHK6...IeTbt..-ri
n ti C H 0"!frf Week to Agent. II9WW
. i I M V M m m ..v.
h:i;i. i i p ii virKKtidr. aiucubw.
INVISIBLE WBIliauraP"" Vw-ii V Clti.
it ant for M. H. A.Mcmjls. Uu I t. 111.
...... .-i .--.l M.y In da
. . antMl. Ou fit and
REWULVLH WaarEBM Ova Womi, Cl: w nt.
MUUI1 1 QJ.m. mumuj
i., Chicago, 111.
(t p f? a week In yenr own town. Termi i and IM oot
$00 free. H. H A LLETT A CO., PortlanMaln.
IMSnriierisTTrjfl.
KlnnFR 8 PJLSI LLtS.tVm.ii. stmciic
y iale with nr Stencil
F rw . 1 1 . N - Arthur tettflnrrt. 1";
E ouini. "l J.
Kulton ht.. f. -
(hOrn A HIoria.-AenU wanted. 1MI Im4 i1
H! Mt article In the w. tld. 'u. .ample lij". A
0 JjU dieaa JA MHUXaJO. Detroit, atlch.
VtiKN'
Clin.
KNT8 WANTF.l. Twenty
all Mount!
... v.uii. n liv 111 111. nin-r""
nt
Continent
I t lironio Co.. . i.u
hr York.
Wan rr.n sa
to 1.hIt".
HtlHHCa
rf rr.n saie-men trl "?,";" T7n.
.Id t.v tlrin. AililreM II. .
sxnu V 1 enred. fuel aaed, and ht lreal
ala) to Henry '.'oil
ifuril. 7a cannoni oi. -
(Mi-it oriU-T tr wir wl. :
AN I tUTni-Blrnt.lrnintiS "l
iilary. 'l'r!Vel... l-..-t'- ' 'V,'":"';;
-Men i
t talon inaiMnai -.
Billiard Tallies.
, -lleoler.
Sue
rioiiir to I'ni'lan
Collen-
No.
. lire. (!.
New
Bllli
York.
K. Manurnctiirer ol "iin
all llliiiri.t.-dt'atlue sent hy mail.
irdTa
CS 1 WATCH KH.
A Great Rpniwttou.
Wntf h and Ofcfllf tr " Agrt. I
Addre A. COkJaVrr.U -w
WIWT H' -H
Gobi. Addreoa
Onlcaa-e.
ry tel. M.v.r and t opper Ink, either V
,r n..t cololfil but tr.t-l tn. Allure...
ire not coioien MM,T Bl,K;iroaT.
:ok.
&flr A Var and Kxpenae. Io A5"n;
& ( ) ( )U ho are w . n tlr ery ;-. ", "'r
l?Kitimt an. I pl.-i.-Bi t t.iimM. I'artiinlara lt".
Aadr J. IVlinril .St. I...U1.. Ko.
Jlta.le ra.pl.lly lanTaMloi. Fle
lt len lollr fr "" "u,m C 2
.l Kree Outfit. Ko Capital.
Lll l!lllo-". . ......
T. WILLUMOOS, nanaaam r....
Ill nitre to rtttrilnt ma of onr rlrr"-
XX Franti-. iiti'l a I"
I-IMl V Oil . " , " " ' ,
Wrmnf. mid a l-pnK", hl--..niniii.
par-" i 1 r for 3 nmiithft
pott
A,jr,UWaniel. Kendal & t'o..inw.n..-n ..
lr,SE GRCSVir. S CCMPAMCH AND FL0RL GUIDE
' ' . vuu h..w to trow !, ll.rMilliln". ft. .
n A? IIP rT"f Wnli-e IM..I-. a Sl.wl.ltr. Sn.l
H r'ir Vf. A. K. Wit r.MMS. Kw(f..il.
E. TEAS & CO., Richmond. Ir.rt
TTTi nmnn W KWti.trnTrln.liM'lltoJirror
W fin liLIn'W nnl.rf.ki.l.lf Bl" rlittnn-M
III.-. I. . srrfalllrK. Mlurr lli.r...
o.ld. Monitor til... I-.-.?-' Mi.t..Cncln..u:t.
1 nniTITin InTl te the merits Ol i " "-
AGENTS. ?rl$xtSS$&?.
Th rnml.in.tion f.T till" -.in .. rpn."" ,.'T'!'t"?
hr.tof..re .ItraiplM. Tjml '".27
Cms. Cluca. .. Wiri-utre..t,
A.Mrw
Srw Vi.tk.
ftlfW REWARD. 910U.
Tin. HOfSTACHIt pnwrtw .mili f
Sm fy?M .r Oi. um ot lr II. .uJ. . "; mil
W j&TYl .,11 fmin. K. VrU. U, .i I.
A. L. HWITU At
w. r 1,.11'a Mml C
U .(..only pr.p.i.tloa.o.1. p.ek..u "."
will li.n- Ui' lM-rl to n.r thwk Mr
on In. ii.i...lhi-t f.f (Without Injur-I tall
. i. ...rv ..m. nr m.n.? chi-rnuH. iw
r.i.tS'A t.rt1. wnt. prrp.rl.wr, P tpMlS
ShLIfj'l Da. J. V. Hrn,M
sMt tm ISM, spr.-- - , KlAtuVM
A B 0 OK for the MILLION.
MEDICAL ADVICEjH
L'AOrrl.. I'.uiM.irr. L..UIU li.t.t, AC.Bt. I n--" r-
'' ,JUI liWAl.uur'l)lr.r, No. U M. 8th it. .Un.i.
w. tw . , mm a. I'i, . I Ii m v aMil'1
Y ur. truly
1. M. 1 hvr i
tllBU All' idlier rn
1,1 ..ior.'- I nl.ri.jl I ounli Hyrnp
iiL't. ri iy
A. . B.
MORPHINE HABJT p"inZ
ru.l fcjf Ir. Brrk ool
ktiowQ .nr. HrBwlj.
JO CHARGE
V
for troatmcut until
rural. Call to or addra
DR. J. C. BECK,
cucisxati, ohm.
112 John ;
. ... II . I fir r.ml-l!iiiiT. i.nrt Kunrlrn, l.y l.
i M' Irtlk- llurlilm...
(177). I "I'lrrH.r. '
Hrrrdioi:-- K .I. - Tl.:an.-u ;l--f"rP I.
, l .,..,, a IIl.III " 'J. -MTrriB III
ik. ir; Illiiriri.t.-d in rnli i ol Hi" 0".
ori.iv . li... UimIii.i.."i.ii1 '" l.in.'lrttw nl
... i. Ni.ii " I With n I till, pan? .r.. .
1
rat
rWlain tl.H w.,ri...tiiiii!.Mlf'.r.-crnt it.n.p
Kill" r
Booko-ut. r"' P'",;,:'.'r.;lA'nJ, ' 7r.
'(.KO. P. ill 'UN HAM. Mnaoas. Mam.
t.i.r.d a. rur I'.r l.il lr .i.e. i.u
for .to. k
and fowl., and morn proline ; tirr
IkIiv. on ui!itn.l. at:.nU tlir drouth
....I u...ii.l.. .ivIV- iMOlllOrt
nutrition., flonr-
Ix'tt.'r than otlirr
p.-r l.u-li' I. Clr-
. Ur. wilh imlolH lllf.it of l..-Bt .!!. I.Huri...
filli uri... wii ii
o I arain. !
full il.rription Jr.r. Oil parKaK"
fl.2. Acl.il''-"
C. It. K ItKSS X ('.... J
1. fiftv .'I'll ' i. , .III' IIIM
lllkN
..i. Mil lliall.
Sny luit pni r)o.i raw ihialu.
To Continental and Security Life
Insurance Co.'s Policy
Holders.
Mr. HhrH.nrd llomnna, Adiiarf of 'Now Tolk,
nflrr i the hmrlit t ina n ...tlcm-a and p Mtlon to
anv poliry holdrrr "f the ahovo named f"mi"'.
and will art aa thur altotury in .HtlrmiM.! nf thrlr
rlaii.ia, without any rhnr." for 1.1. .rTirra. tall
uponoradilnaa II. M. rHIRM. Mol.il.. Ala.
Tlr Ifrwt Trnu. withont
Met jlSp.il. imrrr-r lnntr.
No hul.il.UK i laloi f rw
o.rallralcur..liit aa-uar-aiit'
f a ron.lortMblr, -
cure and natlrfart.irf appll-
and rT full .rW for all that do not
IiikI likrrut..i I: for I h .Id.".., hrnt
anil. I ri. r. T' " w I. TK1.
bT mall, p. al-pa.n, nownn p.,..,. -.--. -Trnaa
will rut n.or. ftopturr. than any of rho lor
whirh etrAYAAiil rlaiin" n n.a.lr. irr.Har. l.r.
Pcmror Trua. .... 7 l.ro.uwar. Naw loi
lAG'TS WANTED FOR HISTORY FV I
!. L ELMlimilUI
It contain. IOO tin. riia-raviuua of tllll.ll.iea anr
rrni-a in Ilia tlrai.a Kihihillon, and la the only au
thrniic al.il complete hi. to. . pul.li.hril. Ittrr.taol
tha Kranii l.uilrtn.a", woioh-rlul rzh.l.it., rurl..ili-.,
great xvrnta, i tr. Vrrr . l.eup ami wlla at aixht ""
Agent aold I copio. in m.r .lav. M ud for our ei tr
teiuia to A en I. atol a full d-.f rln'L.n of I he
work. A.Mr.a jhIIomI l"obtllil-i M.
I, m. V... . .
ClI TfOt rnr.Hal.le and worthlrea l-.ka In
I II IIIM. ii.i, I, I, Hi. .ii are I .in rii. ..let ed.
I)o not l.e dr.. r. Meethat Ihe h.rf.k you huy full'
taina tarn pacceaud U.I flue rnKravinaa.
TO ADVERTISERS.
DEALS & FOSTER,
Xo. 41 I'ark itotr, XKW XOItK
GENERAL AfiENTM FOR
THE AMERICA!. SEWSPAI'ER I .I0S LISTS
OF CO OrEItATIVE XEWSVArt RS.
Adrerliaers deairing to l.e either of Ih l,lta . not
t..jl.ii.bed in their n city ) .nay t oiinnurilf.. te with
Mraara. HtAI.S A K.sTF.U dire, t, a. all otd'ra III
hereafter pa-a through tlo-.r hand.
A. J. A IK .!(,, rnldrnt
Amerirau Newiiirr I nion.
a. -
Eaf bllshed 1846.. f
J.ESTBY&CO.
Brftttloboro, XTt.
tsrSeud for Illustrated Gatalorno,
CC tfi Ofl P" DOm' KAnirle worth 1
4; J tu 4JAU iree-
free. t-TiNvm A t'o.,l'oi tland.Malna
Wiir.sf tvitiTiNu 10 AnvrnTifci Kw
laa aj you uar I lie- ml rr. l-rann
la ilii. 1M -'. a,. . 1 . 7.
NEW 1V1XLCOX A (ilUBS
I.ate-t
Only machine
luvcuiion, and .,
producing
tit lAr
wtta
' uttmAtlo
most g'k A w" Tension
Marvelous I ' SvJserWygf Slllcl
KcaulU. KJWjftr Indies
TraA. Ma.k la fc... Y'T ar r el ..nr laaratu.
Tension aud
dlcator.
SIL.KNT SEWING MACHINE.
Band Postal Card fur liliutrUJ f'rk. List, A.
Willcox & Ulbbu S. M. Co.,
(Cor B.JtiiiSt ) 5 Drortwv .NsarToria.
firmflfmii ham n a wtw .
mm
"IT 8RLI.8 Arr WIOKT."
FBAXK LESLlL-sllM'iKICAL REGISTER
OK THH
CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION.
I. I ir.lv . .....pl. t. I'., tonal lll-to.y MtVr".
t.inl pul.li-li.'.l A iiiatinnoih p rnma. l,MMHir.
".'a. ."ine-, ........ of th-m l.in li t hr ii.rl.rj,
Aatni.tVi.nl.-' A.I. It. -. Awnm D.'p.rini-iil
" 7?a"k l.KSUK PI M I. fr.ll N Ht.lt-K.
M7 I'l-url Mllfrt. Nw Yolk.
1
ItB Bit tJ. i M ft ii KM