A total of 134 species of finfishes and 8 species of invertebrates,
which were caught near the Hawaiian Islands over a 26-month period, were
examined for larval nematodes. A total of 21,746 ascaridoid larvae were recovered.
Larval nematodes of the genera Anisakis (two types), Hysterothylacium
(three types), Raphidascaris (one type), and Terranova (two types) were identified.
Descriptions and illustrations are provided for most larvae. A key is
included. No anisakine larvae were found in the invertebrates. Inoculations of
laboratory rats with various larvae demonstrated that at least Anisakis type II
and Terranova type HA harm the host.