Seely's Anatomy Chapter 7

simple anatomical names for various features of bones is in a separate set (table 7;1)

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appendages, pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle

appendicular skeleton consists of which regions/bones?

skull, auditory ossicles, hyoid bone, vertebral column, thoracic

axial skeleton consists of what part of the body? it includes the _____, the _____ ossicles, the _____ bone, the _____ column and the ____ cage

muscle

bone ridges are usually attachment sites for _____

groove/sulcus, pituitary

the sella turcica on the sphenoid bone is a ______ (bone feature term) and the ______ gland is located here

temporal

the auditory ossicles that function in hearing are located inside the ______ bone

auditory ossicles, temporal

the three smallest bones of the body are the ______ _____, that sit inside the ______ bones

coronal, squamous, lambdoid, saggital

the parietal bones are connected to other bones in the skull by all four sutures: the _____ suture attaches to the fronal bone, the _______ suture attaches attaches to the temporal and sphenoid bones, the _____ suture attaches to the occipital bone, and the ______ suture connects the two temporal bones

external occipital, elastic

the ______ _____ protuberance is at the back of the head and is an attachment for an _____ ligament

nuchal

____ lines are points of attachment for neck muscles to the occipital bone

external accoustic meatus

the ear canal is called the ____ ____ _____. it transmits sound waves toward the eardrum.

mastoid, temporal

neck muscles attach to the _______ process, which is on the ______ bone and contain ______ air cells

mandibular condyle

the _____ ______ is the process of the mandible that articuates with the temporal bone

styloid process

the ____ ____ on each temporal bone provides attachment points for three muscles involved in movement of the tonge, hyoid bone, and pharynx

alveolar processes

the ____ processes are bony ridges on the maxillae and mandible that contain the tooth sockets or bones

orbits

the structures that contain the bones around the eyes are called the ______

ethnoid, vomer

the nasal septum is formed by the perpendicular plate of the _____ bone, and the _____

frontal, sphenoidal, maxillary, ethmoidal

the paranasal sinuses, which connect to the nasal cavity, are the _____ sinus, the _______ sinus, the _______ sinuses and the _______ labyrinth

orbital fissures

the superior and inferior ____ ____ are the long (shape-wise) holes/foramen in the orbits

sphenoid, palatine, zygomatic, frontal, lacrimal, ethmoid, maxilla

the seven bones surrounding the orbit are what? SPaZ FLEM

ligaments, tendons

turbercles are ______ that are usually attachment points for _____ or _____

frontal

the ____ sinus sits between the superior orbital ridges

ethmoidal labyrinth

the ____ _____ is a sinus in a bone of the same name located directly posterior to the bridge of the nose

sphenoidal

the _______ sinuses are roughly supperior to the xygomatic ridge in the bone of the same name

maxillary

the _____ sinuses are on either side of the lower nose, kind of on top of the teeth

foramen magnum

the ____ ______ is the larges hole in the skull and is where the spinal column connects to the brain

carotid canals, foramen magnum

blood reaches the brain through the internal carotid arteries, which pass through the ____ ____ that pass through the ____ bone, and vertebral arteries, which pass through the ___ ____.

jugular foramina

most blood leaves the brain through the internal jugular veins, which exit through the _____ _____

hard palate

the ____ ____ separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity

occipital condyles

_____ ____ are points of articulation between the skull and vertebral column

crista galli

the ___- ____ in the ethmoid bone is a point of atttachment for one of the meninges

olfactory foramina, cribriform plate

the olfactory nerves extend into the roof of the nasal cavity through the _______ foramina of the ________ plate

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral/coccygeal

the four regions of the spine are ______ (1st 7 bones), ______(~ 15 bones), ______ (smaller), and the fused sets of the _____/______ regions

vertebral foramen

the main hole in the middle of the spinal cord is called the ______ _____

invertebral foramina

the spinal nerves exit through the _____ ______, which is only formed when two vertebrae come together

invertebral disks

structures that separate the adjacent bodies of the spinal cord, made of fibrocartillage tissue

intervertebral notches

_______ notches form intervertebral foramina between two adjacent vertebrae through which nerves exit the spinal canal

transverse

the _____ foramen is a structure special to the c1-c7 vertebrae where the vertebral arteries go through

atlas

c1 vertebra is also called the ______

axis

c2 vertebra is also called the _____

dens

the ____ is only found on the axis. it is a process (?) that articulates with a facet of the atlas

vertebral foramen

part of the body and the vertebral arch form the ______ ______, which contains and protects the spinal cord

canal

the hole in the sacrum where the spinal cord goes is called the sacral _____

scapulae, clavicles

the pectoral girdles consist of the _____ and _____ bones.

clavicle

the ____ holds the shoulder away from the body and allows movement of the scapula, resulting in free movement of the arm

clavicle

the acromion of the scapula attaches to what bone?

glenoid

the ____ cavity is the socket in the scapula which articulates with the humerus

scapula, radius, ulna

the humerus articulates with what three bones?

each other, humerus, carpals

the ulna and radius articulate with what?

capitulum, trochlea

the radius articulates to the _____ of the humerus, while the ulna articulates to the ______ of the humerus

22, 8, 14

skull is composed of how many bones total? how many in the braincase/cranial cavity? How many facial bones?

temporalis

the temporal lines are attachments for the ______ muscles

temporal

the mandible articulates with the _______ bone

hyoid

they _____ bone is the attachment sight for throat and tongue muscles

vertebral column

the _____ ____ provides flexible support and protects the spinal cord

body, arch

part of the vertebral _____ and the vertebral ____ (pedicel and lamina) form the vertebral foramen

transverse, spinous

in the vertebrae, the ______ and ______ processes are points of muscle and ligament attachment

articular processes

vertebrae articulate with one another through the superior and inferior _______ ________

intervertebral foramina

spinal nerves exit through the ______ ______

transverse

all seven cervical vertebrae have ____ foramina, and most have ______ spinous processes

ribs, downward-pointing

the 12 thoracic vertebrae all have attachment points for _____, and are characterized by long, _____ _______ spinous processes