The Hattians were an ancient people who inhabited the ‘Land of Hatti’ (present-day central Anatolia). The group was documented at least as early as the empire of Sargon of Akkad (c. 2300 BC). The Hattians were organised in city-states and small kingdoms or principalities. These cities were well organized and ruled as theocratic principalities, until they were gradually absorbed c.2000–1700 BC by the Indo-European Hittites. The latter became identified with the ‘Land of Hatti’, although they had nothing in common with their precursors, neither ethnographically nor linguistically.