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3.
Cell line
• A cell line is a permanently established cell culture that
will proliferate indefinitely given appropriate fresh
medium and space
• A cell culture developed from a single cell and therefore
consisting of cells with a uniform genetic make-up
• There is presence of several cell linkage either similar or
distinct
• Generally stem cells are used in this culture

4.
• After the subculture, the primary culture
becomes a cell line & may be propagated & sub
cultured several times
• Some species, particularly rodents,
give rise to lines relatively easily, whereas
other species do not
• No cell lines have been produced
from avian tissues and the establishment of cell
lines from human tissue is difficult

5.
Types of tissue culture
Primary
Continuous
Finite Indefinite
Normal cells cultured
without any change in their
division rate
Single cell type roughly
thirty times of division,
enhanced by growth
factors
It is nearly the same as
finite but the cells here
can divide indefinitely
by transformation
into tumor cells,
They are called cell
line

6.
Cell line
Normal
Transformed
Stem cell
Taken from a
tumor tissue and
cultured as a
single cell type
Normal cells underwent
a genetic change to be
tumor cells
They are Master
Cells that generate
Other differentiated
cell types

7.
Primary cultures
• Cells when surgically or enzymatically removed
from an organism and placed in suitable culture
environment will attach and grow and are called
as primary culture
• Primary cells have a finite life span
• Primary culture contains a very heterogeneous
population of cells

8.
• Sub culturing of primary cells leads to the
generation of cell lines
• Cell lines have limited life span, they passage
several times before they become senescent
• Cells such as macrophages and neurons do not
divide in vitro so can be used as primary
cultures

9.
Continuous cell lines
• Most cell lines grow for a limited number of
generations after which they cease
• Cell lines which either occur spontaneously or
induced virally are chemically transformed into
continous cell lines

11.
Cell types
On the basis of morphology (shape &
appearance) or on their functional
characteristics. They are divided into three.
• Epithelial like- Attached to a substrate and
appears flattened and polygonal in shape
• Lymphoblast like- Cells do not attach, remain
in suspension with a spherical shape
• Fibroblast like- Cells attached to a substrate,
appear elongated and bipolar