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Table 1

Characteristics of the study population, overall and by method of selection, Thailand, 2005

Characteristic

Random sample (n = 131), no. (%)

Convenience sample (n = 770), no. (%)

p value

Total sample (N = 901), no. (%)

Age group, y

0.30

1–14

19 (14.5)

178 (23.1)

197 (21.9)

15–29

14 (10.7)

99 (12.9)

113 (12.5)

30–44

37 (28.2)

177 (23.0)

214 (23.8)

45–59

32 (24.4)

175 (22.7)

207 (22.9)

60–74

24 (18.3)

109 (14.2)

133 (14.8)

75–89

4 (3.1)

28 (3.6)

32 (3.6)

90–104

1 (0.8)

4 (0.5)

5 (0.5)

Occupation

0.04

Plant farmer

59 (45.0)

236 (30.6)

295 (32.7)

Animal farmer

3 (2.3)

11 (1.4)

14 (1.6)

Farmer (plant and animal)

2 (1.5)

7 (1.0)

9 (0.10)

Merchant

2 (1.5)

13 (1.7)

15 (1.7)

Government officer

0

3 (0.4)

3 (0.4)

Other (employee, housekeeper)

42 (32.1)

346 (44.9)

388 (43.0)

Missing

23 (17.6)

154 (20.0)

177 (19.6)

Sex

0.70

Male

58 (44.3)

324 (42.1)

382 (42.4)

Female

73 (55.7)

446 (57.9)

519 (57.6)

Risk factors

0.60

Direct or close contact with backyard poultry (including chickens)

89 (67.9)

525 (68.2)

614 (68.1)

Direct or close contact with backyard chickens

86 (65.6)

519 (67.4)

605 (67.1)

Direct or close contact with dead/sick chicken

36 (27.5)

196 (25.5)

232 (25.7)

Close contact with a person with a confirmed case of avian influenza A

13 (9.9)

51 (6.6)

64 (7.1)

Acute respiratory symptoms*

0.31

Symptoms

12 (9.2)

98 (12.7)

110 (12.2)

No symptoms

119 (90.8)

672 (87.3)

791 (87.89)

Influenza-like illness†

0.39

Symptoms

7 (5.3)

61 (7.9)

68 (7.5)

No symptoms

124 (94.7)

709 (92.1)

833 (92.5)

*Acute respiratory symptoms were rhinorrhea, cough, sore throat, or dyspnea.†Influenza-like illness was defined as a temperature >38.0°C in conjunction with any of the following: rhinorrhea, cough, sore throat, or dyspnea.

1Preliminary findings from this study were presented on June 18, 2007, at the Options for the Control of Influenza Conference VI, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.