Predicate-Subject Construction -- is considered the natural order of Filipino sentences. According to survey, Filipino talks more on PS construction.

e.g. 1. Maligo ka. "Take a bath."

2. Mabait na bata si Rosy. "Rosy is a good girl."

3. Nagluluto ang kusinero. "The cook is sooking."

Subject-Predicate Construction -- SP construction are "ay" sentences. Here "ay" is used as relator, "ay" is not equivalent to "is" in English, sentences with or without "ay" have the same meaning.

e.g. Malamig ang panahon.

= The weather is cold.

Ang panahon ay malamig.

Exercises: From "ay" construction to without "ay" construction..

Siya ay pupunta sa palengke. Pupunta siya sa palengke.

Siya ay aalis bukas. Aalis siya bukas.

Equational construction -- are sentences whose subject and predicate are both introduced by ANG, or its substantive. Predicate cannot be determined as the assumed predicate can stand grammatically as subject. In other words, subject and predicate is equated, or of the same level, and both are emphatic.

e.g. Ang opyo ang masama.

Ang pangulo ang nagsasalita.

Ang guro ko ang naririto ngayon.

Ako iyan.

Siya ito

Other Sentence Structure ---

There are other sentence structures found especially in conversation. They can be classified as:

Sentences with subject only, in which the predicate is understood as in.

Ang init. (an expression meaning "It's very hot.")

Sunog! (when someone is calling for help when thus fire)

Sentences with predicate only, when the subject is "understood", like

Umulan. (It's raining.)

Lumilindol. (There's an earthquake.)

Sentences or expressions that neither has a subject nor predicate, but is understood by the listener, like

Piesta na. (Feast is here.)

Maginaw. (It's cold.)

Part of Speech ---

The parts of speech are divided into four parts:

Noun:

pronoun (substantive)

Verb:

(a) Aspect

(b) Focus

Modifiers

(a) Adjectives

(b) adverb

(c) articles

Connectives

(a) prepositions

(b) conjunctions

ligatures

Nouns ---

Nouns are names of persons, places, thins, and happenings. They occur in the different parts of a sentence introduced by either an article or a preposition, according to how they are used. Nouns can be classified to these different categories.

Kinds: Proper or Common Noun

Proper noun: are names of distinct person, thing or places. They can be easily identified as they always begin in capital letters.

e.g. Elena Ginoong Raymundo

Manila Sampaguita

Common noun: are names of ordinary things and does not begin with a capital letter, unless used initially in sentences.

e.g. lapis babae

lunsod bulaklak

Gender: -- refers not only to sex, but also on living and non-living things.

Feminine gender: refers to feminine names such as in Susan, dalaga, doktora, madre.