The fire services in the United Kingdom operate under separate
legislative and administrative arrangements in England and Wales,
Northern Ireland, and Scotland.
Emergency cover is provided by over fifty fire and rescue services
(FRS), which is the term used in modern legislation and by government
departments.[1] Many FRS were previously known as brigades or county
fire services, but almost all now use the standard terminology. They
are distinct from and governed by a fire authority, which is the
legislative, public and administrative body, made up of civilians
(usually members of elected local or regional bodies). Fire
authorities in
England and WalesEngland and Wales (and formerly Scotland), and
therefore fire and rescue services, receive a large proportion of
their funding through a share of Council Tax.
ScotlandScotland and Northern
Ireland have centralised fire and rescue services, and so their
authorities are effectively committees of the devolved parliaments.
The total budget for fire services in 2014-15 was £2.9 billion.[2]
Central government maintains national standards and a body of
independent advisers through the Chief Fire and Rescue Adviser, which
was created in 2007, replacing Her Majesty's Fire Services
Inspectorate. The devolved government in
ScotlandScotland has a similar
agency, HMFSI Scotland.
Firefighters in the United Kingdom are allowed to join unions, the
main one being the Fire Brigades Union, while chief fire officers (the
heads of the various FRS) are members of the Chief Fire Officers
Association, which has some role in national co-ordination.
The fire services have undergone significant changes since the
beginning of the 21st century, a process that has been propelled by a
devolution of central government powers, new legislation and a change
to operational procedures in the light of terrorism attacks and
threats.

Main article: History of fire brigades in the United Kingdom
Legislative framework[edit]

See separate article History of fire safety legislation in the United
Kingdom
Comprehensive list of recent UK fire and rescue service legislation:
[2]

Legislation (United Kingdom, Great Britain or England and Wales)[edit]

This section is in a list format that may be better presented using
prose. You can help by converting this section to prose, if
appropriate. Editing help is available. (February 2012)

Fire servicesFire services are established and granted their powers under fairly
new legislation which has replaced a number of Acts of Parliament
dating back more than 60 years, but is still undergoing change; a
rough timeline can be seen below.

In 2002, there was a series of national fire strikes,[4][5] with much
of the discontent caused by the aforementioned report into the fire
service conducted by Prof Sir George Bain. In December 2002, the
Independent Review of the Fire Service was published with the
industrial action still ongoing; it made radical proposals to how the
fire service should be organised and managed. Bain's report ultimately
led to a change in the laws relating to firefighting.

2002:
Independent Review of the Fire Service published[6]
2004: Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004,[7] generally only applying to
England and Wales.
2006: The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005[8] This piece of
secondary legislation or statutory instrument replaces several other
acts that dealt with fire precautions and fire safety in premises,
including the now defunct process of issuing fire certificates. It
came into force on 1 October 2006.[9] The DfCLG has published a set of
guides for non-domestic premises:[3]
2006: The
Government of Wales Act 2006Government of Wales Act 2006 gave the National Assembly for
WalesWales powers to pass laws on "Fire and rescue services. [and]
Promotion of fire safety otherwise than by prohibition or regulation."
but does not prevent future legislation being passed by the UK
government which applies to two or more constituent countries.

There are further plans to modernise the fire service according to the
Local Government Association. Its website outlines future changes, and
specific projects:
"The aim of the Fire Modernisation Programme is to adopt modern work
practices within the Fire & Rescue Service to become more
efficient and effective, while strengthening the contingency and
resilience of the Service to react to incidents. "[10]
Select committee[edit]
The fire service in
England and WalesEngland and Wales is scrutinised by a House of
Commons select committee. In June 2006, the fire and rescue service
select committee, under the auspices of the Communities and Local
Government Committee, published its latest report.
Committee report
The committee's brief is described on its website:
The Communities and Local Government Committee is appointed by the
House of Commons to examine the expenditure, administration, and
policy of the
Department for Communities and Local GovernmentDepartment for Communities and Local Government and its
associated bodies.[11]
Government response
This document, and the subsequent government response[12] in September
2006, are important as they outlined progress on the FiReControl,
efforts to address diversity and the planned closure of HMFSI in 2007
among many issues.
Both documents are interesting as they refer back to Professor Bain's
report and the many recommendations it made and continue to put
forward the notion that there is an ongoing need to modernise FRSs.
For example, where FRSs were historically inspected by HMFSI, much of
this work is now carried out by the National Audit Office.
Fire Control
On 8 February 2010 the House of Commons Communities and Local
Government Select Committee heard evidence on the Fire Control
project.[13] Called to give evidence were Cllr
Brian Coleman and Cllr
James Pearson from the Local Government Association. Also giving
evidence
Matt WrackMatt Wrack from the
Fire Brigades UnionFire Brigades Union and John Bonney Chief
Fire Officers Association. The second session heard evidence from
Shahid MalikShahid Malik MP Fire Minister, Sir
Ken Knight Chief Fire and Rescue
Adviser, Shona Dunn Director for Fire and Resilience Department for
Communities and Local Government,
Robin Southwell CEO and Roger Diggle
Project Director EADS. The committee was chaired by Dr Phyllis Starkey
MP and attracted significant media attention.[14][15][16][17]
Legislation and administration (England)[edit]
Because of the Government of
WalesWales Act 2006, future legislation might
be passed that can only affect England.
Legislation and administration (Northern Ireland)[edit]
Fire and rescue services in
Northern IrelandNorthern Ireland are provided by a single
entity, the
Northern IrelandNorthern Ireland Fire and Rescue Service, a Statutory
Corporation funded by the Department of Health, Social Services and
Public Safety.

Legislation and administration (Scotland)[edit]
Fire servicesFire services in
ScotlandScotland are the responsibility of the Cabinet
Secretary for Justice in the Scottish Government.[20] Previously the
responsibility lay with the Secretary of State for
ScotlandScotland (the
relevant "Secretary of State" referred to in legislation applicable to
Scotland).

1824: Establishment of municipal fire service in Edinburgh,[21] the
first public fire brigade in the UK[22]
1885: Creation of
Scottish OfficeScottish Office transferring administrative (but not
legislative) responsibility to Secretary of State for Scotland.
1938: Fire Services Act 1938 combined the functions of 185 fire
brigades and imposed fire-fighting duties upon local authorities,[23]
1941: Fire brigades transferred to
National Fire ServiceNational Fire Service (NFS) to form
No.11 Region[24]].
1947:
Fire Services Act 1947 returned fire brigades in
ScotlandScotland to
local authority control,[25] mostly via joint boards. 11 brigades were
created[26] resembling somewhat the NFS areas. Section 36 of the Act
dealt with its application to Scotland. Parts of the Act remain in
force in Scotland.
1959: Parts of the UK
Fire Services Act 1959 remain in force in
Scotland.
1996: Creation of additional joint boards consequent to local
government re-organisation.
1999: Responsibility transfers from Secretary of State for
ScotlandScotland to
the Scottish Executive
2002: Consultation Paper: "The Scottish Fire Service of the Future"
2003: Consultation Paper: "The Scottish Fire and Rescue Service:
legislative proposals".
2004: introduction of Fire (Scotland) Bill consequent to 2003
consultation paper.
2005:
Fire (Scotland) Act 2005Fire (Scotland) Act 2005 The scope of this act includes a "fire
safety regime for non-domestic premises", but it also includes
legislation that allows for the provision and operation of fire and
rescue services for the eight local authority and joint board FRS in
Scotland.[27][28]
2012:
PolicePolice and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012, creating a single
Scottish Fire and Rescue ServiceScottish Fire and Rescue Service with effect from 1 April 2013

Government responsibility for fire services[edit]
Central government[edit]
Historically, there had been about 1600 local authority fire services
under the responsibility of the
Home OfficeHome Office in
England and WalesEngland and Wales until
World War II. In 1941, the creation of the National Fire Service
brought all UK fire brigades under central government control. The
National Fire ServiceNational Fire Service was in turn under the auspices of the Civil
Defence Service. Post-war legislation returned control to the Northern
Ireland Government, the
Home OfficeHome Office (for services in England and
Wales) and the Secretary of State for Scotland.
England[edit]

The fire service has always been the ultimate responsibility of a
government department, historically assisted by an executive agency
called Her Majesty's Fire Service Inspectorate or HMFSI,[29] its
function was described thus:
"To achieve our vision by education and legislation, in an environment
that encourages best practice, equality and diversity, health and
safety and best value, and through inspection, to advance the
development and continuous improvement of fire brigades."
Directly after the May 2001 general election, control of the fire
service in
England and WalesEngland and Wales passed from the
Home OfficeHome Office to the DTLR -
or Department for Transport, Local Government and Regions. This
department was then broken up creating the Office of the Deputy Prime
Minister (ODPM) which took central government responsibility.
In May 2006, the
ODPMODPM was re-structured creating the Department for
Communities and Local Government or CLG, and it became the central
government department for fire authorities in England.[30][31] but
would be advised by a new department under the direction of the Chief
Fire and Rescue Adviser - see below.
Fire service ministers[edit]
The fire service minister is the most senior politician whose brief
directly includes fire and rescue issues in England and Wales, other
parts of the UK never having had the matter specifically under the
control of a UK minister in peacetime. The fire service minister is
not part of the prime minister's cabinet. The post is held by a junior
minister, or
Parliamentary Under-Secretary of StateParliamentary Under-Secretary of State who reports to the
secretary of state for Communities and Local Government, who takes
ultimate responsibility for fire and rescue, but that is part of a
much wider brief.

Greg Clark: Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government
Mark Francois: Appointed in 2015 as Minister of State for Fire and
Resilience at CLG [32]

Previous ministers[edit]

Angela Smith: A former spokeswoman for Essex Fire and Rescue
Jim Fitzpatrick, himself a former firefighter in the London Fire
Brigade and FBU representative
Nick Raynsford the minister in charge when legislative control shifted
from the
Home OfficeHome Office to the Office of Deputy Prime Minister. Mr
Raynsford was also the minister during the 2002/3 national strikes

Regional government[edit]
Below national level, there are regional and local bodies whose role
it is to establish a fire authority, implement the legislation from
the tier above, while working alongside the relevant HMFSI and other
interested bodies.

The next level beneath that of local authority, is a brigade which
usually comes under the operational command of a high ranking senior
officer. Traditionally Chief Fire Officers have risen through the
ranks from firefighter, although under modernisation plans brigades
can now operate graduate entry, and fast track promotion as is already
the case with the armed forces and the police. The London Fire Brigade
announced details of its graduate scheme in 2007.[33] Chief Fire
Officers (CFO) 'speak' collectively via the Chief Fire Officers
Association.

Fire authority: local councillors elected to set policy on its fire
and rescue services, and distribute funding, and approve major
spending
Local authority: Chief executive - overall powers for all an
authority's functions, including fire, rescue and resilience
Brigade:
Chief Fire Officer (CFO), Brigade Manager, or (in Greater
London) Commissioner - overall operational, strategic and command of a
brigade or fire and rescue service

Buncefield fire

CFOs do attend some operational incidents. Hertfordshire's CFO, Roy
Wilsher, took command at the Buncefield oil depot fire in 2005,
forming part of the gold command team. If a CFO attends an incident,
he will usually be the commanding officer of that incident.
Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Fire Services (England,
WalesWales and
Northern Ireland)[edit]

See main article Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Fire Services

In England,
WalesWales and
Northern IrelandNorthern Ireland fire services are inspected by
what was known as the Fire Service Inspectorate. However, in February
2007, the government announced it was establishing a new unit to
provide ministers and civil servants with "independent professional
advice on fire and rescue issues". It will be headed by a new role
that will be known as the
Chief Fire and Rescue Adviser The roles
carries the historical function of Her Majesty's Fire Service
Inspectorate. The
Chief Fire and Rescue Adviser is also title Her
Majesty's Chief Inspector of Fire Services. Its role (among others)is
to work towards reducing the number of fire deaths in England and
Wales, and implement changes to FRS required by the Fire and Rescue
Services Act 2004[34] In May 2007, Sir
Ken Knight commissioner of the
London Fire and Emergency Planning AuthorityLondon Fire and Emergency Planning Authority was appointed as the
first ever Chief Fire and Rescue Adviser.[35]
Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Fire Services (Scotland)[edit]
In Scotland, the
Scottish Fire and Rescue ServiceScottish Fire and Rescue Service is inspected by Her
Majesty's Fire Service Inspectorate for Scotland.
Scotland[edit]
Except for the period when the
National Fire ServiceNational Fire Service existed, matters
concerning fire fighting fell within the remit of the Scottish Office
(later the Scottish Executive, now the Scottish Government).[36] In
ScotlandScotland Her Majesty's Fire Service Inspectorate for Scotland
(commonly known by the shortened and nationally unqualified form
"HMFSI") exists to inspect all fire Services in
ScotlandScotland to ascertain
how they are discharging their functions under relevant legislation
[4]. It functions as an autonomous body under the charge of the
Justice Ministry of the Scottish Government[37]
With effect from 1 April 2013 is a single Scottish Fire and Rescue
Service (in place of the eight former regional services).
Northern Ireland[edit]
Matters concerning fire fighting fell within the remit of the
government of Northern Ireland, with two exceptions; the period of the
existence of the
National Fire ServiceNational Fire Service (Northern Ireland), and the
period of direct rule from Westminster when the government of Northern
Ireland did not exist.[38][39]
Wales[edit]
Responsibility for fire and rescue services and promotion of fire
safety in Wales[40] lies with the Welsh Government.[41]
Fire service structure[edit]
FRS or brigade-level[edit]
Brigades are further sub-divided according to local practice as
follows:

Command: Large brigades, such as the London Fire Brigade, are divided
into commands
Area: A brigade or FRS can also be divided into areas, for example
London used to consist of five geographical areas: northwest, north,
northeast, southwest and southeast
Divisional: A smaller geographical area, again it can be decided
locally; again London until 1986 consisted of eleven divisions
Borough: Brigades are now aligned with local councils, and because of
London's size, its three commands also overlap with the London
boroughs, so each borough is a small division. It now has borough
teams,[42] and a separate list of stations shows which borough it
belongs to.[43]

Firefighters[edit]
The following types of work pattern are found at fire stations:

Wholetime: Firefighters work full-time in on 2 day and night shifts
within the fire service.
Day crewed: Firefighters work a 10-12 hour day shift and are retained
at night.
Day crew plus: Firefighters work a 24-hour shift consisting of 12
hours in station and spending the night at an accommodation building
on the fire station plot.
Retained:
Retained firefighters are on call for long periods (at least
70 hours a week) to respond to incidents.[44] They are paid a salary
for the time they spend on call and a greater amount for each incident
they respond to, on average 2 or 3 per week. Many have jobs outside of
the fire service.
Volunteer: Volunteer firefighters are now rare, though some stations
are run by volunteers in certain rural areas, such as
ScotlandScotland and
North Yorkshire. There are two small fire services that are run
entirely by volunteers – the Peterborough Volunteer Fire Brigade[45]
and the Borth Voluntary Fire Unit (near Aberystwyth, Wales).[46] These
are contracted to provide services for a regular fire service.

Large town fire stations have full-time crews, though many employ
retained firefighters as well. Small rural ones are usually staffed
only by retained firefighters.
Resilience[edit]
The
Cabinet OfficeCabinet Office is responsible for the Civil Contingencies
Secretariat (CSS),[47] which provides advice for individuals in case
of a major disaster:
"The (web)site provides easily understandable guidance for the general
public on how to prepare themselves, their families and their homes
and businesses to cope during an emergency or disaster."
Any such emergency or disaster is likely to involve a UK FRS, and the
generic term for such contingency plans has become known as
resilience[48] The 'Preparing for emergencies website' gives specific
government advice on fire safety, specific examples include the summer
fire safety campaign, and schools' fire safety guide which are just
two examples.[49]
Fire service funding[edit]
In the UK, an FRS generally provides its services for free, although
there are some special services that can be charged for, and some
additional services that can be paid for. The service is free to the
end user in the case of an emergency. Funding for the fire service
comes from two principal sources: a central government grant, and a
small levy on the local council tax. This levy is called a precept.
There was a 17% reduction in fire service funding between 2010 and
2016, according to the National Audit Office.[50]
Modernisation[edit]
The need for modernisation[edit]

In 2002, Professor Sir George Bain was asked by the government to
conduct a wide-ranging review of the fire service in the UK. His
report, the Independent Review of the Fire Service, led to rapid
changes to fire and rescue services, and was the basis of what
eventually became the Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004. Bain's terms
of reference were described in September 2002 as follows:
"Having regard to the changing and developing role of the Fire Service
in the United Kingdom, to inquire into and make recommendations on the
future organisation and management of the Fire Service..."[51]
Bain's report was unpopular with firefighters, and a long period of
industrial action started in 2002 and continued until 2003 when a new
pay and conditions package was put together.
One of the areas identified by Bain as being in need of modernisation
was FRS approach to fire prevention and community fire safety. There
is now more emphasis on fire prevention and providing public
information coupled with encouraging businesses and individuals to
take responsibility for providing a risk assessment of businesses —
which became law in October 2006. Additionally, changes to central
government, local government, and geographical boundaries have
affected the fire service in the UK.
The fire service in England consists of local authority brigades or
FRSs, which come under the administrative control of metropolitan and
shire, or county fire authorities (e.g. Essex County Fire and Rescue
Service).
Most statutory firefighting bodies consist of a fire authority and
brigade, the former responsible for political and administrative
aspects of service provision and the latter for delivering it. For
example,
Oxfordshire County CouncilOxfordshire County Council is responsible for Oxfordshire
Fire and Rescue Service. The armed forces, private fire brigades and
airports all make their own firefighting provision.
Another area identified in Bain's report was the FRS' capacity to
respond to major incidents. Bain's review stated that the fire service
should have specific responsibilities for: "Emergency preparedness
coupled with the capacity and resilience to respond to major incidents
of terrorism and other chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear
threats".[51] In England and Wales, three projects are being rolled
out that will help the FRS deal with incidents like these. The
projects come under the umbrella of the Fire Resilience programme. The
programme will provide the FRS with a far greater resilience and
control to handle all types of incident.
New Dimension[edit]
Main article: New Dimension programme
New Dimension was the first Fire Resilience project to be implemented.
It provided FRSs with a wide range of equipment and vehicles to help
deal with major challenges like floods and terrorist attacks.
FireLink[edit]
Main article: FireLink
FireLink is the new digital FRS wide area communications system in
England,
ScotlandScotland and Wales. The FRS use wide area radios to
communicate between vehicles and control rooms but there has never
been a fully compatible system.
FireLink is more efficient and
provides greater resilience for command and control. The fire
service's ability to communicate efficiently, across different
brigades and with other emergency services has never been easy. The
issue was raised by Sir Desmond Fennell, who conducted the public
inquiry into the
King's Cross fireKing's Cross fire in 1987. Fennell recommended when
his report was published in 1988 that fireground communications be
addressed as an issue of "high importance".[52]
FiReControl[edit]
Main article: FiReControl
Prof Bain's report highlighted many areas of proposed change that
include working practices, shift hours and time spent on fire
prevention duties. One of the proposals which is now well under way is
the reduction of fire service control rooms.
At present, each of England's 45 (the number FRS was reduced from 46
in April 2007 with the merger of Devon and Somerset FRSs[53]) FRSs
handles its own calls from either the 999 system or mobile phone
companies. Additionally, calls are accepted from the other emergency
services by dedicated landlines. The
FiReControl project is building
nine new purpose-built Regional Control Centres (RCCs). The aim is to
rationalise call handling and aim for greater communication between
the emergency services.
At present, 999 calls - whether by mobile telephone or landline - are
answered by a BT operator, who feeds the call to a fire, police,
ambulance, or coastguard
Emergency Control Centre as required. Staff,
known as control operators or control officers, also despatch the fire
appliances, maintain radio communications and provide detailed risk
and geographical information. These operators are employed by a FRS,
wear a similar uniform to firefighters, and have their own rank
structure. The role of specialist fire officers and control operators
overlaps where they work jointly in control or command centres, but
the subject of mobilising, command and control will change as the
FiReControl project advances.
Fire safety[edit]

See separate article History of fire safety legislation in the United
Kingdom

Historically fire safety was a function of local authorities rather
than the fire service however in 1947 the introduction of the Fire
Services Act gave the Fire Brigades their first responsibilities for
fire safety. The Fire Precautions Act 1971, the Fire Precautions
(Workplace) Regulations 1997 and the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety)
Order 2005 gave more powers to the service.
Today, the modernisation of the UK fire service has taken into account
the role that it plays in fire safety issues and that issue is high on
the agenda of most fire and rescue services. Many brigades started to
produce Integrated Management Plans (IMP) to take into account these
new responsibilities and produced plans for not only fire safety in
the workplace but also in the community. Now all fire and rescue
services have community based fire safety departments.
The
Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004 now lays out in Section 6 what
the fire service must do. It states that a fire and rescue authority
must make provision for the purpose of promoting fire safety in its
area and this must include the provision of information, publicity and
encouragement in respect of the steps to be taken to prevent fires and
death or injury by fire not only by the enforcement of specific fire
safety legislation, but also by a proactive strategy targeted at all
sections of the community.
Powers[edit]
Main article: Powers of the fire service in the United Kingdom
Fire safetyFire safety statistics in the UK[edit]

Fire casualties in the UK from 1981-82 to 2014-15

Fires in the UK 1999-00 to 2014-15

Fires and fire fatalities have dropped significantly in the UK over
the past ten years as seen in the graphs to the right.[54]
Incident reporting[edit]
Information about each fire incident is collected by each FRS to DCLG
standards. The reporting standards include the following
parameters:[55]

WalesWales saw a reduction in the number of fire brigades on local
government reorganisation in 1996, from eight (the number of former
administrative counties) to three, made up of groups of the new
principal areas.
Crown Dependencies[edit]
Although not part of the United Kingdom, the
Crown dependenciesCrown dependencies fire
and rescue services operate in close cooperation with, and to the same
standards as, the UK fire and rescue services. They are:

Jersey Fire and Rescue Service
Guernsey Fire and Rescue Service
Isle of Man Fire and Rescue Service

Other UK fire and rescue services[edit]
There are several specialised and private FRSs in the United Kingdom.
Airport fire services[edit]
Main article: Airport Rescue and
FirefightingFirefighting Services in the UK

A fire appliance at Manchester Airport

Private airport fire services in the UK protect all categories of
airports and aerodromes. They are usually referred to as Rescue and
FirefightingFirefighting Services. One of the biggest aviation fire services is
operated by BAA.[56][57] Non-BAA airports operate their own fire
services to comply with legislation which states that airports must be
provided with RFFS. One such example is London City Airport; its
website describes the principal objective of an airport fire and
rescue service: "as to save lives in the event of an aircraft accident
or incident".[58] The number and type of firefighting appliances based
at an airport will be determined by the airport's category.[59]
Airports in the UK are categorised from 1 to 10. A category 10 airport
caters for the biggest aircraft; the standards are determined by the
Civil Aviation Authority.
Defence Fire and Rescue Service[edit]
Main article: Defence Fire and Rescue Service
The Ministry of Defence operates its own fire and rescue organisation.
Originally this consisted of a civilian fire service known as the
"Defence Fire Service" and the RAF
FirefightingFirefighting and Rescue Service.
They were known collectively as the Ministry of Defence Fire Services,
but in 2004 were formed into the Defence Fire and Rescue Service. This
also includes private contractors brought in to protect sites such as
small defence establishments.
The DFRS is the largest non geographical or local authority FRS in the
UK, though the training, rank structure and equipment used are similar
to that operated by their local authority fire service counterparts.
As a general rule the RAF personnel cover runways or airfields with
particular expertise in defusing aircraft munitions,[60] with the
civilians covering domestic sites, but there were cross overs and both
services could be called to airfield and domestic situations.
Both RAF and defence personnel can serve abroad both in peace time and
at war.
Fire servicesFire services protecting royal properties[edit]

Van of the Royal Household Fire Service, Buckingham Palace

Several state properties, including royal residences and the Palace of
Westminster, are protected by their own fire services in the interests
of protecting sites of heritage and royal importance. The Royal
Household Fire Service is responsible for firefighting at Royal
properties.
Private and industrial FRS[edit]
Some large factories operate their own private or industrial fire
services to protect their interests and provide a first attack
capability until local authority fire crews arrive.
BNFL[edit]
British Nuclear FuelsBritish Nuclear Fuels and some other nuclear power station operators
have their own on-site fire service.
Ports[edit]
Several large ports have their own fire service, such as Felixstowe.
Event fire safety services[edit]
Several private event fire safety units operate in the UK at major
events such as air shows, regattas, concerts and on film sets. They
sometimes use the services of off-duty fire fighters and emergency
personnel to provide fire cover at outdoor events. The cover normally
consists of one or two standard fire appliances with perhaps a rapid
response or control vehicle.
See also[edit]

Fire portal

Fire Appliances of the United Kingdom
Scottish Fire and Rescue Service
Her Majesty's Fire Service Inspectorate for Scotland
Historical Fire Brigades of the United Kingdom
History of fire safety legislation in the United Kingdom
London Fire Brigade
Salvage Corps
UK
FirefighterFirefighter dispute 2002/2003