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REGION V Saving Energy With Your BAS Potable Water The BAS contribution: Monitor tank water level If empty, switch to municipal water Control pump(s) Accumulate filter runtimes Meter potable water usage Meter non-potable water usage Monitor soil moisture sensors for irrigation Other controls for cooling-tower water management Note: Savings show up on water bills, not energy

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REGION V Saving Energy With Your BAS Potable Water Greywater: Wastewater from showers, baths, non-food sinks Not blackwater, containing organic or toxic matter Defined by local health codes Can only be held for a short time Use where high ratio water demand nonpotable:potable Restaurants Laundries Hotels

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REGION V Saving Energy With Your BAS Lighting Reduce lighting to minimum need: Daylighting ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guides: AEDG – Small Office Buildings In offices, dim instead of switch to minimize distraction Switching may be used in non-office environment Consider more switching levels than minimum Avoid checkerboard or non-uniform patterns Sensor must be properly specified for situation Sensor best installed in window frame or skylight well Controls must be commissioned after furniture in place Most sensors require day- and night-time calibration Poor calibration can lead to permanent override

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REGION V Saving Energy With Your BAS HVAC Controls CO 2 Sensors AEDG Small Office, Ventilation Air DCV should be used in varying and high-occupancy areas and may use CO 2 sensors. See Carbon Dioxide Sensors. AEDG Small Office & Retail, Carbon Dioxide Sensors Recommends sensor locations and density, and use of multiple sensors. DCV should maintain CO 2 at 600 ppm over outdoor CO 2, but should not exceed limits set by code. Outdoor CO 2 may be measured near outdoor air intake or assumed to be 400 ppm. CO 2 sensors should have an accuracy no less than 75 ppm.

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REGION V Saving Energy With Your BAS HVAC Controls Ventilation Monitoring LEED-Schools, Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring: Monitor ventilation system performance, with alarms on variance of 10% or more from design. (1 pt) 189.1P, …Ventilated by Mechanical Systems: ( ) In VAV systems direct total outdoor airflow to be monitored down to minimum outdoor airflow rate, with accuracy of 15% of minimum outdoor airflow rate. Issue alarms when flow rates are not in compliance.

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REGION V Saving Energy With Your BAS HVAC Controls Economizers AEDG Small Office & Retail Buildings, Economizers Economizers, when recommended, help save energy... Consider using enthalpy controls to avoid introducing unwanted moisture in hot, humid climates. AEDG Small Office Buildings, Ventilation Air The systems should be capable of modulating the outdoor air, return air and relief dampers to provide up to 100% of the design air supply quantity, using outdoor air for cooling. 90.1, Design Capacity: ( ) Air economizers shall be capable of modulating the outdoor air and return air dampers to provide up to 100% of the design air supply quantity, using outdoor air for cooling.

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REGION V Saving Energy With Your BAS Testing, Calibration, Cx Issues: Commissioning can be broken down into five phases – predesign, design, construction, acceptance, warranty/ continuous commissioning (or recommissioning). – ASHRAE GreenGuide Case studies on commissioning show that construction and operating costs can be reduced from 1 to 70 times the initial cost of commissioning. - ibid. Even a few days of occupancy with poorly calibrated controls can lead to permanent overriding of the system and the loss of all savings. – AEDG Small Office Buildings Strategy: Save energy by: Testing, Calibration and Commissioning

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REGION V Saving Energy With Your BAS Testing, Calibration, Cx AEDG Small Office & Small Retail Buildings, Calibration and Commissioning (daylighting) Even a few days of occupancy with poorly calibrated controls can lead to permanent overriding of the system and the loss of all savings. - Most photosensors require daytime and nighttime calibration sessions. - The photosensor manufacturer and the QA provider should be involved in the calibration. - Document the calibration and Cx settings and calendar intervals for future calibration.

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REGION V Saving Energy With Your BAS Integrating Systems 90.1, Automatic Lighting Shutoff ( ) Shut off building lighting on a signal from another alarm or control system that indicates the area is unoccupied P, Automatic Control of HVAC and Lights in Hotel/Motel Guest Rooms ( ) Guest room lights, switched outlets and HVAC setback controlled by: Room occupant control (key, card, etc), or Occupancy sensors. AEDG Small Office Buildings, (EL24 – no title) Turn off exterior lighting not designated for security purposes when the building is unoccupied.

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REGION V Saving Energy With Your BAS A Case Study A Case Study

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REGION V Saving Energy With Your BAS Looking to the Future Looking to the Future

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REGION V The Changing Environment of Building Automation Thank you! Bill Swan Alerton Ask not what you can do for your building automation system, Ask what your building automation system can do for you.