OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and safety of uterine preservation among premenopausal women diagnosed with a malignant ovarian germ-cell tumor (MOGCT) of advanced stage (stage II-IV). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The National Cancer Database was accessed and a cohort of women aged <40years, diagnosed with a MOGCT were identified. Those with stage II-IV disease who underwent cancer-directed surgery and received chemotherapy were selected for further analysis...

BACKGROUND: Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs) are a rare form of ovarian malignancy. Socioeconomic status (SES) has been shown to affect survival in several gynecologic cancers. We examined whether SES impacted survival in adolescent and young adults (AYAs) with MOGCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The National Cancer Data Base was used to identify AYAs (aged 15-39 years) with MOGCT from 1998 to 2012. Three SES surrogate variables identified were as follows: insurance type, income quartile, and education quartile...

Yolk Sac Tumours (YSTs) of the ovary, also called Endodermal Sinus Tumours (ESTs), are the second most common Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumours (MOGCTs), after dysgerminomas. YSTs occur primarily in children and young women. We present a case report of a 20-year-old woman who had been diagnosed with YST (tumour diameter of 29 cm). The patient underwent fertility sparing surgery and was subsequently treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (four cycles of bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin). Two years after the diagnosis of YST, she successfully gave birth to a healthy girl (birth weight 3,500 g, Apgar score of 9-10 and a spontaneous vaginal delivery)...

BACKGROUND: Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs) are rare and represent 1-1.5% of all cancers in children and adolescents. The aim of this study is to analyze the clinicopathological pattern at presentation and management and outcome of MOGCTs in children and adolescents. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective study included all girls diagnosed with MOGCTs between January 2005 and January 2015 in Pediatric and Surgical Oncology Departments at South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University...

The purpose of this study was to determine the expression and potential clinical role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related factors in malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCT). Protein expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, P-cadherin, Zeb1, HMGA2, and vimentin by immunohistochemistry was analyzed in 42 MOGCT from patients treated in Norway during the period 1981-2001. Expression was analyzed for association with clinicopathologic parameters. E-cadherin (p = 0.016) and HMGA2 (p = 0.002) expression was significantly higher in immature teratomas and yolk sac tumors compared with dysgerminomas...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate whether omentectomy (OMT) is necessary in the operation for apparently early stage malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Searching medical records database of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 1, 1966, to November 30, 2015, patients with MOGCTs were identified and their age, year of diagnosis, tumor grade, histologic subtype, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, nodal findings, gross observation of omentum, and performance of OMT were assessed...

OBJECTIVE: Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCT) carry an excellent prognosis, and the treatment aims to achieve results with the least possible treatment-related morbidity. The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes of pediatric patients with MOGCT. METHODS: Patients were treated according to their stage: surgery and surveillance for stage I; a modified bleomycin-etoposide-cisplatin (BEP) regimen for stages II (three cycles), III, and IV (three cycles) with surgery on residual disease...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the oncologic and reproductive outcomes and to analyze prognostic factors after fertility-sparing surgery in patients with early and advanced malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs). METHODS: This study included 171 patients who underwent fertility-sparing surgery. Data were gathered from patients' medical records. Survival analysis was performed using the log-rank test and Cox's proportional hazards model. Reproductive outcomes were analyzed...

Background: Surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard of care for MOGCTs, except for stage IA dysgerminoma and stage IA grade 1 immature teratoma where surveillance only is recommended. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy and surgical staging is debated. Patients and methods: Data from 144 patients with stage I MOGTs were collected among MITO centers (Multicenter Italian Trials in Ovarian Cancer) and analyzed. Results: Fifty-five (38...

Bilateral malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs) are rare. Determination of the optimal treatment modalities is crucial, as these malignancies mainly affect girls and young women who may wish to preserve their fertility. In order to review the prevalence, clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome of bilateral MOGCTs, we performed a retrospective review of patients who were diagnosed with bilateral MOGCTs and underwent primary surgery at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University (Shanghai, China) between January, 2001 and December, 2014...

The necessity and extent of comprehensive surgical staging (CSS) and lymphadenectomy in the treatment of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs) is still controversial. However, it is uniformly agreed that CSS with lymphadenectomy is crucial to follow up patients without adjuvant chemotherapy in stage I MOGCTs. Considering the chemotherapy-sensitive nature of MOGCTs, fertility-sparing cytoreductive surgery (FSCS) seems a reasonable approach in initial treatment for patients with advanced stage. When encountered with bilateral MOGCTs, debulking is surely granted if there is no desire for fertility...

BACKGROUND: Malignant ovarian germ cell tumours (MOGCTs) are usually detected at an early stage, with patients achieving a satisfactory prognosis. However, the role of staging surgery in the treatment of apparent early-stage MOGCTs remains controversial. AIMS: To investigate the role of staging procedures in apparent early-stage patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 102 patients who were diagnosed with MOGCTs and had malignant lesions confined to their ovaries, between January 1997 and October 2014 at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of complete surgical staging of a malignant ovarian germ cell tumor (MOGCT) that is apparently confined to the ovaries. METHODS: This retrospective study included 135 patients with stage I MOGCT after surgery. Patients who were categorized with stage I disease without complete staging operation were staged as IX. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests and a Cox proportional hazards model...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the safety of surgery alone followed by surveillance in young women with stage I malignant ovarian germ cell tumor (MOGCT). METHODS: A retrospective review was performed on 31 patients with stage I MOGCT who were treated by surgery alone with follow-up. RESULTS: The median patient age was 22 years (range, 6-45 years). The histological type was dysgerminoma in 17, immature teratoma in 11, yolk sac tumor in 1, and mixed MOGCT in 2 cases...

BACKGROUND: Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumours (MOGCT) are rare neoplasms and their behavior is unknown in South-East Asian population. METHODS: Case records of 66 patients from 1994-2007 with MOGCT were reviewed. Histology was based on WHO classification. Tumours were staged according to International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) system. Data was collected on age, histopathology, stage, alpha-feto protein (AFP) and B-human chorionic gonadotropins (B-hCG) levels, treatment, time to recurrence (TTR) and overall survival (OS)...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To analyze the clinicopathological factors that affect the prognosis and fertility of patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs). METHODS: The medical records and follow-up data of 106 patients with MOGCTs who were treated at The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between January 1986 and December 2010 were enrolled in this study. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze the survival curves. The different prognoses among the various clinicopathological factors were evaluated using a univariate analysis and a log-rank test...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the oncologic and reproductive outcomes of pediatric and young adolescents with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs). METHODS: Pediatric or young adolescent girls aged 16years or under with MOGCT were eligible for this study. RESULTS: Forty-two pediatric or adolescent girls with MOGCT met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 12years (range, 6-16years) and 29 patients were premenarchal. The most common histologic type was immature teratoma, and 30 patients (54...