12. Corruption and Nation Building in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Historical Analysis

Abstract

On the 2011 Transparency International Corruption Perception Index (TICPI), ten African countries were listed among the last 20 (Transparency International 2011). Despite accusations that it is not accurate, that it does not reflect what actually constitutes corruption, and that it ignores social, political, and cultural challenges of nations, the TICPI is the only international ranking of corruption that bears the nearest semblance to reality.