2.
2 You are advised to spend 45 minutes answering the questions in this booklet. ASSESSOR’S USE ONLYQUESTION ONE(a) Classify the following 0.100 mol L–1 solutions by writing the correct description from the terms below. strong acid weak acid neutral weak base strong base NH3 NaCl NH4Cl HF (b) Discuss the relative concentrations of the species present in each of the 0.100 mol L–1 solutions of NH3 and HF. You do not need to include water. Include in your answer: • any relevant equations • a ranking of the species present in each solution in order of decreasing concentration • justification for the ranking of the species. No calculations are necessary. (i) NH3 decreasing order of concentration Chemistry 90700, 2011

3.
3 (ii) HF ASSESSOR’S USE ONLY decreasing order of concentration(c) A solution prepared by dissolving hydrogen fluoride in water has a pH of 2.34. Calculate the concentration of the hydrogen fluoride in the solution. pKa (HF) = 3.17 Chemistry 90700, 2011

5.
5(c) A saturated solution of zinc hydroxide, Zn(OH)2, contains a small amount of solid Zn(OH)2 at ASSESSOR’S USE ONLY the bottom of the container. The pH of the solution is increased. Discuss the effect of increasing the pH on the amount of solid present, and also on the nature and concentration of the species present in the solution. No calculations are necessary. Chemistry 90700, 2011

6.
6QUESTION THREE ASSESSOR’S USE ONLYGlycolic acid, HOCH2COOH, is a monoprotic acid used in various skin-care products, and can berepresented as HG. Glycolic acid has a pKa value of 3.83.(a) Write an equation for the reaction of glycolic acid, HG, with water.(b) Write the Ka expression for glycolic acid, HG. Ka =(c) Calculate the pH of a 0.675 mol L–1 solution of glycolic acid, HG. Chemistry 90700, 2011

7.
7(d) Sodium glycolate, the sodium salt of the acid, is also used in skin care. Sodium glycolate can ASSESSOR’S USE ONLY be represented as NaG. Calculate the amount (in moles) of sodium glycolate that must be added to 200 mL of 1.00 mol L–1 glycolic acid solution to produce a buffer solution that has a pH of 4.00. Assume there is no change in volume. Chemistry 90700, 2011

8.
8QUESTION FOUR ASSESSOR’S USE ONLYBelow is the titration curve for 10.0 mL of 0.100 mol L–1 ethanoic acid being titrated with0.100 mol L–1 sodium hydroxide. Ethanoic acid can be represented by the symbol HEt. Titration of 0.100 mol L–1 ethanoic acid, HEt, with 0.100 mol L–1 NaOH 14.00 12.00 10.00 B 8.00 pH 6.00 4.00 A 2.00 0.00 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 Volume of NaOH (mL)(a) With reference to the point marked A on the graph, discuss: • the species present, and their relative concentrations • an estimate of the pKa value for ethanoic acid • the effect of adding small amounts of strong acid or strong base to the solution. Include relevant equations in your answer. No calculations are necessary. Chemistry 90700, 2011

9.
9(b) With reference to the point marked B on the graph, discuss the species present, and their effect ASSESSOR’S USE ONLY on the pH at the equivalence point. Include relevant equations in your answer. No calculations are necessary. Chemistry 90700, 2011