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On Parana Day Ashtami Tithi End Time = 17:39
Janmashtami without Rohini Nakshatra

*Vaishnava Krishna Janmashtami falls on 15/Aug/2017
For Vaishnava Janmashtami Next Day Parana Time = 05:54 (After Sunrise)
On Parana Day Ashtami got over before Sunrise
Janmashtami without Rohini Nakshatra

Krishna as a child

One does not and can not bribe God nor God is a Broker to intervene in the functioning of Cosmic Law.

Gods, when they take Avatars are bound by their actions as may be noticed from Rama, Krishna Avatars.

Then why do people perform Pooja?

Self realization is nothing but the rediscovering the true Nature of oneself, Sat, Chit and Ananda, Being, Consciousness and Bliss.

Human mind needs to be focussed from the myriad of Thoughts to concentrate on a Single Thought which would lead to the annihilation of Thoughts and one realizes the Self.

The Poojas are a tool to concentrate the Mind and to lead one towards Godhood.

When one connects with Reality at the emotional level, it becomes easier to practice Bhakthi Yoga.

This type of Approach is like Kindergarten and when one reaches Higher levels of Yoga and realizes BrahmanThe Self, the earlier approach of Pooja might seem silly.

But nobody can get a Doctorate without attending Kindergarten.

So performance of Poojas is vital.

In performing Poojas, there are processes of performing them ,

Five fold, Pancha Upachaara,

Shodasa Upachaara,Sixteen Fold and

Sixty four Fold.

Please read my articles on Upachaara.

I am providing the Sixteen Fold process of Pooja to be performed forcLord Krishna on Janmashtami,Krishnashtami, Gokulashtami.

One starts Poojas with Prayer to Ganesh, take right determination, Sankalpa and proceeds thus.

Dhyanam (ध्यानम्) Puja should begin with the meditation of Lord Krishna. Dhyana should be done in front of already installed Lord Krishna statue in front of you.

Following Mantra should be chanted while meditating on Lord Shri Krishna.

Avahanam (आवाहनं) After Dhyana of Lord Krishna, one should chant following Mantra in front of the Murti, by showing Aavahan Mudra (Aavahan Mudra is formed by joining both palms and folding both thumbs inwards).

Asanam (आसनं) After Lord Krishna has been invoked, take five flowers in Anjali (by joining palm of both hands) and leave them in front of the Murti to offer seat to Shri Krishna while chanting following Mantra.

Now worship those Gods who are body parts of Shri Krishna itself. For that take Gandha, Akshata and Pushpa in left hand and leave them near to Lord Krishna Murti with right hand while chanting following Mantra(s).

Though Hinduism insists that one has to study the Vedas, the Scripture of Hindus, people often do not do so, confused as they are with the dictum that Guru should be obeyed.

The problem is that Guru is different from Acharya, Upadhyaya.

For Details read my article Guru Acharya Upadhyaya.

Guru is one who instinctively understands your spiritual needs and guides and their instructions will never run contrary to Vedas, Sruthi.

In such cases where Gurus instructions are at variance with Vedas, Veda should be followed.

On the other hand, Upadhyayas and Acharyas do not have as nuch the authority as the Guru.

As such their instructions, if they run counter to Vedas are to be ignored.

Over a period of years people have not studied Vedas nor many know about the Smritis.

Smriti is a code of conduct which is followed over a period of Time.

Even Smritis if they run contrary to Vedas, are to ignored.

For Vaidikas, Vedas are the Sole Authority.

Many of us follow what purohit says without bothering to check either Sruthi or Smriti.

Result is that many irrelevant practices not found in Vedas , Smritis are followed.

I have been writing on some of these practices which do more harm to Hinduism than Atheists.

I have received the following query on Ashada Maasa, Adi in Tamil.

‘Dear Sir Good Morning. I have been reading your Blog since long time and the information u have been sharing is really incredible. Today, I have a question where I am not getting any exact answers ..hope u can clarify it for me.
This is Regarding the AAshada Masam as I got newly married, the customs followed during this month was implied on me as well but the questions unanswered or partially answered.

1. Why do Mother-In Law and Daughter inlaw should not walk in the same main door or stay together.
2. Why Husband and wife should not stay together.
3. Incase if the girl gets conceived during the aashada maasam will there be a negative effect on the child or is there any negetive effect on the mother during delivery time or so.’

My answer.

All these points have no sanctions by Sruthi or Smriti and hence may be ignored.

These seem to have crept in as Mores/ practices in Communities.

There is also an effort to justify the separation of couples in Aashada, arguing that if the couple were to be together and if the woman conceives in Aashada, she would deliver in Summer .

This is effort to justify something which is not needed.

The premises for the practice is hypothetical.

And Hinduism does not intrude in to private affairs unnecessarily.

And wherever it needs to intervene in personal Life it comes out clearly with no ambiguities.

So one need not try to promote Hinduism by saying things which Hinduism does not.

It understands the limitations of human nature and suggests ways to realize the Self through and with the help of human senses,limited though they are.

The Universe is complex ,mysterious and billions of years old.

It is not obligated to reveal its secrets to a human being,whose life span,in the Universal scale of Time is not even the wink of eyelids.

Hindu Rishis,Seers, with the help of fundamental principles of Nature devised methods to realize Self.

Broadly speaking,the human psyche has two components,Reason and Emotion.

Ideally,discipling of either of these will lead to Self Realization.

However,in most of us a combination of Reason and Emotion rules the roost,though it is emotion that decides ultimately.

Lord Nataraja,King of Dance.

Huma nature is a combination of three dispositions.

Sattva,calm,contented,knowlegeable,

Rajas,active,dynamic and restless and

Tamas,inactive,dull and morose.

It is rare to find one disposition,Guna, in isolation.

The three gunas are present in all of us in varying degrees.

And this composition changes every minute.

For details please read my article on Gunas.

And there are as many dispositions,Gunas as there are individuals.

So there is no standard procedure for all.

However,Rishis have traveled this path and left their experiences for us to have an idea.

Once an individual starts this process through a, Guru,he shall find his unique path and the Guru will help him identify the path.

So it is left to the individual to choose a path,either from the paths shown by the Rishis ,modify it to suit his disposition with the help of the Guru or follow a path intuitively felt and follow it with guidance from the Guru.

At the broader level the Bhakthi yoga,Path of Surrender to God and emotionally connecting to Him.

At the intellectual level one follows Gnana Yoga and Karma yoga.

Raja Yoga suits those of Rajo Guna.

Apart from this,there paths which have sprung from these paths.

These are the results of the Rishis following any of the four Yogas,Gnana,Karma,Bhakthi and Raja.

These systems that have arisen can be classified under two heads.

Strictly speaking there is no differentiation in respect of the result obtained;we classify them thus to understand them better.

When a Soul reverts to its original state,the Semen/nadi flows upwards,

‘Urdhvaredham Viroopaaksham Viswaroopayay Namaha’-Narayna Suktham.

At some point of time when Yoga is being practiced,when a practitioner is advancing,he shall have sexually stimulating visions,especially during Sakthi Upasna and he can advance only if he overcomes the stimulation and direct the flow upwards.

A section of Tantra sastra has practices thatcare associated with Sex.

For details on Tantra,please read my articles.

The other Principle is Motion.

Motion Creates Vibtation and Vibration creates Motion.

We can not determine whether Motion precedes Vibration or it is the other way around.

Vibration is Sound.

Regulated Sound is Music.

Sources of Sound in the Human body is from three sources.

Mouth,’A’,

Throat’U’ and

Pelvis ‘M’

These three letters form OM,the Pranava of Hinduism,the sacred Primordial Sound.

This is the Ultimate Sound and is used in every Mantra of Hinduism.

The Universe is perpetually in motion.

When movement takes place sound emanates.

The sound that emanates from the Sun is OM. (NASA Report)

Music is one source that elevates one to higher levels of Consciousness.

So much so,a Bhakthi Yoga marga based on Music developed in South India,with the Maestros,Thyagaraja,Muthuswamy Dikhitar and Syma Sastrigal in Tamil Nadu,Purandara dasa in Karnataka and Annamacharya in Andhra.

We also have Meera,Jayadeva and Abhang style of Music in Maharashtra.

Carnatic Music of India is basically a Yoga discipline,Nada Yoga.

One can realize Brahman,Reality through Music.

Thiugh iy may offend some sensibilities, Sex also leads to Realization.

But the experience of Reality through Sex is Transient and Tamil philosophy calls it ‘chitrinbam’,limited pleasure.

History is like a coy maiden,tantalizing,mysterious,revealing teasers but never the whole.

I have been writing Ramani’s blog for the past eight years to share what interests me and what little I know.

In the process, I have come across information about the History of World,Races,Languages and Religions.

The facts unearthed on the above subjects from sources around the world are interesting,mind boggling,mysterious ,yet probable and possible and above all disturbing though not confusing,at least to me.

Consider the following.

Civilizations around the world seem to have flourished ,reached their pinnacle and suddenly ceased to Be.

Lemurians,Mayans,Aztecs,Incas,Sanatana Dharma,Atlantis,Hyperborean.

The landmass where they existed, as verified by Geology, was different in their days.

Traces of these civilizations are found even today.

These civilizations were wuite advanced including what we call Advanced Scientific Concepts.

Next is Human migration.

Humans seem to have lived everywhere,yer their ancestry seem to be traced either to India and Africa.

Africans trace their roots to India,Madurai,Tamil Nadu.

Lemuria,the Home of Tamils dates back to 230 million years.

Thiruvannamalai,Tamil Nadu,India is 3.94 billion years old.

Tirupati,Telengana,India,is 2100 million Years old.

Jwalapuram ,Cuddapah,is 74,000 years old.

One finds the twin of Arunachala mountain,Thiruvannamalai in The US in Mount Sastha.

After the seven Root Races, the planet Earth, already transformed by cataclysms over the course of millions of years, will become a new moon.

This entire Earth’s devolving and evolving life came from the Moon. When the great life abandoned the Moon, it died; it became a desert. The Moon also developed seven Root Races and each one of them developed seven subraces. The soul [of the Moon], the lunar life, is now devolving and evolving in our planet Earth; this is how the worlds reincarnate.

The Aztecs state that the human beings of the first Root Race were extraordinary, dark-colored giants. This was a very civilized, androgynous, asexual, semi-physical, semi-ethereal Root Race. Their individuals could reduce their height to the size of an average person of this present Aryan Root Race. Their rituals—as well as their wisdom—were portentous. Barbarism did not exist in their epoch; this Root Race was devoured by the Tigers of Wisdom.

The regent of the first Root Race was the God Tezcatlipoca. Each individual was a Master of Wisdom. Their reproduction system was effectuated by means of the fissiparous act; this is a system similar to that which organic cells use for reproduction, which is the process of cellular division. This is how the organism of the father-mother was divided into two, and the androgynous child was fastened to the father-mother for awhile.

The first Root Race lived on the Sacred Island situated in the north polar cap. That island still exists, yet it is in a Jinn state within the fourth vertical.

The second Root Race was governed by Quetzalcoatl; this was the Hyperborean humanity. The degenerated people of the second Root Race converted themselves into monkeys; these are the ancestors of present monkeys. They reproduced themselves by budding, such as the plants do: from their trunk sprout many branches. They were wiped out by strong hurricanes.

The third Root Race was the Lemurian race, which inhabited Mu, which today is the Pacific Ocean. They perished by fire raining from the sun (volcanoes and earthquakes). This Root Race was governed by the Aztec God Tlaloc. Their reproduction was by means of gemmation. Lemuria was a very extensive continent.

The Lemurians who degenerated had, afterwards, faces similar to birds; this is why some savages, when remembering tradition, adorned their heads with feathers.

The fourth Root Race was the Atlanteans and was governed by the Aztec God Atonatiuh. It finished with a great inundation. The pre-Columbian tribes of America are descendents of this Root Race, as well as the primeval Chinese and Egyptians, etc.

The fifth is the Aryan Root Race: we are this Root Race. The present Aryan race will end with a great cataclysm.

This cataclysm is perfectly described in the Ahau Katún, which is the 13 Ahau Katun, the thirteenth to be counted. Cabal lxbach Chachalaca town. Kinchil Coba, Chachalaca of solar face is the base of the thirteenth Katun.

The branch of the lords of earth will be black by the universal justice of God, our Lord. The Sun will turn away. The face of the Moon will turn away.

Blood will run on trees and stones. The heavens and earth will burn by the word of God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Ghost. Holy Justice, Holy Judgement of God, our Lord.

The force of heaven and earth will be worthless when the big cities and the hidden towns, and the great city Maax-Monkey and all the small towns everywhere in the flat country of Maya-Cusamil-Mayapán, Mayan-swallow-deer-banner, become Christians.

It will be the time when two-days-humanoids (homosexuals and lesbians) will raise, in the heat of lechery, as the children of the wicked and the perverse — height of our perdition and shame.

Our children will be offered to the May flower and there will be no good for us.

The rising Moon will be the beginning of death by bad blood, and on the coming of the full Moon, the whole of the blood will come.

The good stars will also show kindness to the dead and the living.

Until here we read what the book of the books of Chilam Balam, sacred jewel of the Mayan people, textually states.

Sixth Root Race: Koradi. It will exist after the cataclysm of the fifth Root Race; it will live on a transformed Earth.

‘Root races are stages in human evolution in the esoteric cosmology of theosophistHelena Petrovna Blavatsky, as described in her book The Secret Doctrine (1888). These races existed mainly on now-lost continents. Blavatsky’s model was developed by later theosophists, most notably William Scott-Elliot in The Story of Atlantis (1896) and The Lost Lemuria (1904). Annie Besant further developed the model in Man: Whence, How and Whither (1913). Both Besant and Scott-Elliot relied on information from Charles Webster Leadbeater obtained by “astral clairvoyance”. Further elaboration was provided by Rudolf Steiner in Atlantis and Lemuria (1904). Rudolf Steiner, and subsequent theosophist authors, have called the time periods associated with these races, Epochs (Steiner felt that the term “race” was not adequate anymore for modern humanity)….’

I am checking the dates and history of India during middle ages to sort out misinformation that had crept into early Indian History.

In this article ,I am looking at the date of Andal,the only Saint Poetss in Tamil,an Azhwar among the twelve.

Why have I chosen Andal,not others?

Honest reason is I was born in Srivilliputhur and studied there.

Srivilliputhur Andal temple.The Tower is The Emblem of aTamil Nadu.

This small town is the birth place of Andal and Srivilliputhur Andal Temple is famous as the second Divyakshetra after Srirangam for Sri Vaishnavas.( Vaikuntam is taken as the first Divyadesa,but as it is celestial it is not taken into account as a Divyadesa in Earth)

Though an Iyer, I am conversant with Vaishnava Sampradaaya as much as Iyers’ mostly because I spent my formative years at lap of Andal and I am moved by Thiruppavai as much as Abhirami Andhadi.

As to the date of Andal,the scholars (?)assign 7 or 8th Century AD.

The evidence they rely on are,

Internal evidence in Andal’s Thiruppavai mainly and her foster father Vishnuchittha’s Works.

The astronomical event described in Thiruppavai.

The internal evidence rests on the style of Andal’s Works belong to a much later period than the Sangam period.

She refers to Sangam period as Sangath Tamizhmaalai Muppadhum Thappame,’Garland of poems modeled after Sangam Tamil Style,

However as there are more kings by the same name,which one should we take?

Again the planetary alignment stated above is not limited to the two dates mentioned above.

They had happened earlier,even during Sangam Period and will take place in future as celetial events take place with regularity,as in Agastya Star,Star Canopus for example.

The difficulty in taking celestial event as proof is not foolproof.

Please read my article on Difficulty in dating Hinduism.

Now let us look at another date assigned to Andal based on another Text.

Sri Andal is considered the incarnation ofBhoomi Devi (Mother Earth). She was like Sri Seetha born of Mother Earth. Divya Suri Charita records that she appeared as a child in the 97 th year after the onset of Kali Yuga termed the Nala year, in the Tamil month of Adi in the Purva Phalguni asterism. Follow the link for a brief outline of Sri Andal (Godha) and her works’

‘I am not sure from where you are getting the idea of Andal being born in 8th century. It is laughable and this is what happens when an outsider puts out the information as he likes and publishes a book. Indeed 3025 BC is a wrong date. I re-edited it to post the correct birth date i.e 97/98th year of Kali Yuga (3102 BC) that puts the date around 3004 BC. Out of 12 alwars, the last alwar was Thirumangai Alwar who was born in 2706 B.C. Nalayira Divya Prabandhams were lost during the big 3500 year gap between Thirumangai Azhwar and Nathamuni. Andal birth date is clearly mentioned, why are you guys who have no idea of the sanatana dharma are tampering with the traditional accounts is beyond me. Should you guys push everything after the christ or something? I don’t understand. Indeed it was a mistake on my part to say 3025 BC but the correct date is around 3004 BC. Research the alwars history, the last alwar was Thirumangai. I don’t care if you bar me from editing the page, its just that wiki loses authority by pushing the dates. I am done…—-Kalyan— Preceding unsigned comment added by SriKrushna7(talk • contribs)

@SriKrushna7: Do you have a reliable source for this, per WP:V and WP:RS? Blogs, random websites and self-published sources are neither scholarly nor acceptable in wikipedia. If you read the pages in the sources cited, you will see support for 8th/9th century. @Redtigerxyz has suggested that we acknowledge the traditional hagiographies, an idea I like, per wiki’s NPOV policy. Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 17:51, 18 December 2015 (UTC)

┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘@183.82.214.129: In response to your comment on my talk page, please note that the article already has the traditional ~3000 BCE date as a special note. Ms Sarah Welch (talk) 23:56, 24 February 2016 (UTC)

That small note at the bottom is an insult to the Sri Vaishnava sampradaya followers and is considered blasphemy. Your consistent vandalizing of the page with the false dates and preferring of one source over the other just because it does not sound practical for you is absurd. If I could have reported you, I would have already done that to admins and your threats of blocking me and all is absolute nonsense and why would I be blocked for asking a valid question. The date of birth of Andal comes from traditional Tamil scriptures and not by an author of the book who out of his mind sets a date! Read the book ‘Divya Suri Charita’ which actually mentions Andal date of birth (97th Kali/3005 BC to be exact) or and is the primary source of information. Lastly, I don’t know why you are editing a page which you have NO idea about, absurd to say the least. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 183.82.214.129 (talk) 11:52, 27 February 2016 (UTC)’

The perfect Sri Chakra can be found at Sringeri,the Mutt established by Adi Shankaracharya.

‘The ancient temple of Sri Sharada, the presiding deity of Sringeri has a glorious history that begins with the setting up of the Dakshinamnaya Peetham by Sri Shankara Bhagavatpada. Originally it was an unpretentious shrine with the Murti of Sharada made of sandalwood, installed over the Sri Chakra that Sri Adi Shankara carved on a rock. Subsequently Sri Bharati Krishna Tirtha and Sri Vidyaranya had a temple built in the Kerala style, with timber and tiled roof. Sri Bharati Krishna Tirtha substituted the sandalwood idol with the present golden idol.

Sri Sacchidananda Shivabhinava Nrisimha Bharati raised the present structure in granite with polished granite walling round the sanctum and Sri Chandrasekhara Bharati consecrated the new temple in May 1916. Sri Abhinava Vidyatirtha made several improvements in the temple. The Mahamandapam has huge stone pillars exquisitely carved with deities like Durga, Raja Rajeshwari, Dwarapalakas and Devis which are all sculpted according to the Shilpa Sastras practised in Tamilnadu.

Sanctified by the worship of an unbroken succession of Acharyas of the highest purity, loftiest devotion and unsurpassed mantric powers, the Murti of Sri Sharada radiates grace and blessings.’

When we read the History of a vast country like India,with its roots stretching back to over thousands of years,we should remember the landmass and the present poltical maps have no relevance.

The Ancient Indian kingdoms were 56 and I have listed them in another article.

We have to have a rough division of the Bharatvarsha into four regions for better understanding and remember that the borders of the Kingdoms were subject to periodical changes depending on which King won and annexed the vanquished territory.

I shall soon begin a Timeline of the Kings of India,though I had written on the List of Indian Kings.

And we may bear in mind that Bharathavarsha of ancient times was not limited to the present Geographical area of India.

I have written on the Rama Empire that encompassed the world and also that of Emperor Vikramaditya.

Now in the last article I had dealt with the History of India in general ,the Dynasties from Ikshvaku to Chandragupta.

It covered,though it speaks of Bharatvarsha in totality,it concentrated more on Central and North India as we know at present.

In this article,we shall check the Eastern Part of India.

Unlike the History of Central and North India,the Eastern,Southern and Western part of India are interwoven move intricately aming themselves.

For instance,the Eastern India was closely connected to Dravida Desa,the present South India.

The Eastern and Southern people,Dravidas were classified as Dasyus,that is who did not follow the Vedas in its entirety.

And while the Central and North Indian Kings expanded more towards North and North East of India,the Western and Southern kings expanded their Kindoms towards the east of India to Micronesia and the present Australia.

The Southern ,Dravida kings ,in addition to East ,expanded their Kingdoms towards Middle East,Africa,Greece and the Americas.

The Eastern kingdoms comprised of the present West Bengal,Bangladesh,Assam,Odisha and Northeastern State.

The Eastern Indian polity comprised of five major tribes and were predominantly Kshatriyas and I itiallythey did not accept the Brahmins and the Vedas fully and hence were called Dasyus.

Angas, Vangas, Kalingas, Pundras and Suhmas shared a common ancestry.

Some interpretations suggest Dasyu means Slave (Monier Williams)

I take the well researched interpretation of Sri.P.T.Srinivasa Iyengar,in his ‘History of Tamils’that Dasyu means who do not follow Vedas in its entirety.

‘Hindu scriptures such as the Mahabharata suggest that ancient Bengal was divided among various tribes or kingdoms, including the Nishadas and kingdoms known as the Janapadas: Vanga (southern Bengal), Pundra (northern Bengal), and Suhma (western Bengal) according to their respective totems. ‘

‘The Vanga Kingdom was the first powerful seafaring nation of South Asia, especially Bengal. They had overseas trade relations with Java, Sumatra and Siam (modern-day Thailand). According to Mahavamsa, the Vanga prince Vijaya Simhaconquered Lanka (modern-day Sri Lanka) in 544 BCE and gave the name “Sinhala” to the country. Bengali people migrated to the Malay Archipelago and Siam (in modern Thailand), establishing their own colonies there.‘

*I do not agree with these dates;they can be pushed earlier.

The Southern ,Dravida kings ,in addition to East ,expanded their Kingdoms towards Middle East,Africa,Greece and the Americas
These kingdoms find reference in thebAtharva Veda and Greek writers refer extensively these areas.

‘Gangaridai (Greek: Γανγαρίδαι; Latin: Gangaridae) was an ancient region corresponding to the Ganges delta region of the Indian subcontinent, which was mentioned in the records of numerous Greco-Roman writers. The term means “nation of the Ganges” in Greek and Latin. It is one of the earliest references to the Bengal region in the Indian subcontinent (now divided between Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal). According to ancient Indian records, the Vanga Kingdom and Samatata Kingdom occupied the region during the same period. The capital of the Gangaridai is thought by some archaeologists to be situated at Kotalipara in present-day Gopalganj District, Bangladesh…..

Diodorus Siculus further describes “Gandaridae”:

Among the southern countries the first under the Kaukasos is India, a kingdom remarkable for its vast extent and the largeness of its population, for it is inhabited by very many nations, among which the greatest of all is that of the Gandaridae, against whom Alexander did not undertake an expedition, being deterred by the multitude of their elephants. This region is separated from farther India by the greatest river in those parts (for it has a breadth of thirty stadia), but it adjoins the rest of India which Alexander had conquered, and which was well watered by rivers and highly renowned for its prosperous and happy condition. –Diodorus Siculus (1st century AD). Quoted from Ancient India as Described in Classical Literature, John W. McCrindle, p. 201.’

‘

Stone Age tools dating back 20,000 years have been excavated in the state.Remnants of Copper Age settlements in the Bengal region date back 4,000 years’

‘The Vanga Kingdom was an ancient seafaring thalassocracy during the Late Vedic period on the Indian Subcontinent, which originated in the region of Bengal. The boundary of the kingdom was naturally formed by the Padma and Bhagirathi rivers in the West, North and East; while the South was bounded by the Bay of Bengal. Its contemporary neighbouring states include Suhma, Anga, Pundravardhana, Samatata and Harikela..’

Harikela seems to have been the earliest people.

However ,Bhagadatta seems to have been the earliest king of Naraka dynasty ( sub sect ofcChandravamsa,Lunar Dynasty)

He took part in the Mahabharatha war and he is called Asura,powerful and he is referred to from Dravida Desa,South India..

The Angas were a part of these Kingdoms.

Karna was crowned as the King of Anga by Duryodhana.

The power of Angas did not last long and it ended with Bimbisara.

From Bimbisara, the History Of India seems alright except some misinformation about the middle ages.

It may be of interest to note that the Nishadas were also present in the area of Kerala and they were hunters.

Hunters,according to Tamil Classics were the first people who lived in areas in around mountains,Kurinji and Murugan is the God of Kurinji.

Interesting thread.

Shall write on this and more on the tribes/kings who ruled BengalOdisha and Assam.

The finding of Poompuhar,Kaverippommpattinam,Tamil Nadu on the shores off Tamil date pushes the date of Poompuhar by at least 14,000 years.

In fact this can be as far back by 30,000 years.

‘The place is called Poompuhar. It lies on southeast India’s Coromandel coast facing the Bay of Bengal between modern Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka. Its immediate offshore area has been the subject of marine archaeological investigations by India’s National Institute of Oceanography since the 1980’s — and numerous non-controversial finds of man-made structures dated between the third century AD and the third century BC have been made in the “inter-tidal zone” close to shore at depths down to 6 feet (approximately 2 metres).

These finds of structures in shallow water (some so shallow that they are exposed at low tide) have been quite widely written-up in the archaeological literature. But for some reason other discoveries that the NIO has made in deeper water off Poompuhar have attracted no attention at all. Most notably these other discoveries include a second completely separate group of structures fully three miles from the Poompuhar shore in water that is more than 70 feet (23 metres) deep. The lack of interest is surprising because to anyone with even minimal knowledge of post-glacial sea-level rise their depth of submergence is – or should be – highly anomalous. Indeed according to Glenn Milne’s sea-level data the land on which these structures were built last stood above water at the end of the Ice Age more than 11,000 years ago.

Is it a coincidence that there are ancient Tamil flood myths that speak of a great kingdom that once existed in this area called Kumari Kandam that was swallowed up by the sea? Amazingly the myths put a date of 11,600 years ago on these events — the same timeframe given by Plato for the end of Atlantis in another ocean.’

Silappadikaram refers to Buddhism in detail and the author Ilango Adigal,brother of Chera King,Cheran Chenguttuvan,was a Buddhist monk.

‘The authorship of Silappatikaram is credited to the pseudonym Ilango Adigal (“Prince-Ascetic”). He is reputed to be the brother of Chera king Senguttuvan, although there is no evidence in the Sangam poetries that the famous king had a brother. There are also claims that Ilango Adigal was a contemporary of Sattanar, the author of Manimekalai..The prologues of each of these books tell us that each were read out to the author of the other [Silappatikaram, pathigam 90]. From comparative studies between Silappatikaram and certain Buddhist and Jain works such as Nyayaprakasa, the date of Silappatikaram has been determined to be around the fifth and the sixth centuries CE’

Manimekalai ,another epic of Tamil is also Buddhist in approach and is believed to have been composed around the same time as that of Silappadikaram.

These texts have been assigned between fifth and sixth century BC.

Poompuhar remains Tamil Nadu,India.

However,as most of the events narrated in Silappadikaram take place in Poompuhar,called Kaverippommpatinam then,and Poompuhar’s date can be pushed back by 14,000 years at least,Silappatikaram can be dated around the same time.

More important is the fact that Silappatikaram refers to Buddhism extensively.

This implies Buddhism,The Buddha should be dated 11,000 years back.

But the current date assigned to Buddha is,

‘Scholars are hesitant to make unqualified claims about the historical facts of the Buddha’s life. Most accept that he lived, taught and founded a monastic order during the Mahajanapada era during the reign of Bimbisara (c. 558 – c. 491 BCE, or c. 400 BCE’

*The archeological finding related here and more dates arrived at based on Archeology makes one ponder over the present dates assigned to ancient history and our present concept of Time and Multiverses.

I have written on these issues under Hinduism,Astronomy,Physics.e

I am aware that the date arrived for Buddha places him before Ramayana.

It is interesting to note that many Buddhist concepts are found in the Bhagavad Gita.

Most History text books in India begin with Maurya Dynasty and Bimbisara,as if there were no history in india before that period,dismissing them as Legends and hyperbole in the imagination of Poets.

The History conveniently begins prior to Alexander’s invasion of India.

Alexander’s invasion of India is a myth as revealed by Greek historians.

But the real history of India,as revealed by the Vedas,Puranas,Ramayana,Mahabharatha,Sanskrit and Tamil literature ,validated by Archeology,foreign literature,especially Greek,Etymological similarities between world languages and Sanskrit and Tamil,Astronomical /Carbon/Infrared dating of artifacts recovered in India and abroad confirm what the Indian texts say.

To understand Indian history,one has to,

Approach Indian texts with open mind,

Verify them with the tools I have mentioned,

Understand that there was no Aryan Invasion,

Sanatana Dharma coexisted with the Tamil culture,which also followedcSanatana Dharma,

There was no North South Divide save the wars between the usual wars between kings,

That the history of India extends to thousands of years,

That the Concept of Time in India is Cyclic and not linear,

There were two major dynasties,Solar and Lunar,Suryavamsa and Chandravamsa and there were many sub dynasties,

The Solar dynasty ,though its ancestor Manu was a Dravidian King,was established in North India,while thexLunar dynasty also flourised in south India,through Ila,Daughter of Manu.

The South Indian kings trace their ancestry to. Solar ,Ikshvaku Dynasty and also to Lunar dynasty,Chandra vamsa.

The Ikshvahu dynasty frm Treta Yuga ,from million years ago extended upto Dwapara yuga and ended with King Sumitra who was defeated and driven away from Ayodhya.

Then we find continum from that period from Magadha dynasty,which belongs to Lunar Dynasty,Chandravamsa from Bruhatradha.

Lunar dynasty,Chandra vamsa.

‘Barhadradha Dynasty Before the Mahabharata War of 3138 B.C.

1. Barhardradha I :-

According to Mahabharata, Brihadradha-I, the founder of Barhadradha Dynasty was the eldest son of Uparichara Vasu , the seventh in the descent from the Great Kuru, son of Samvarna, a descendant of the Lunar Dynasty (Chandravamsajah) of kings. He founded the kingdom of Magadha probably about 3709 B.C. or 571 years before the Great war of Mahabharata at Kurukshetra between the Pandavas and the Kauravas.

This battle according to Mahabharata, the important Puranas, and all other ancient Hindu, Bauddha and Jaina authorities and traditions, took place. 36 years before the commencement of the Kaliyuga—the present Yuga. Kali Yuga began immediately after the departure of Sri Krishna, son of Vasudeva by Devaki, from this world on the 20th February, 3102 B. C., in the year Pramadhin of the Southern School of Hindu astronomers. (Vide Indian Eras By this author, Kota Venkata Chelam)

Brihadradha married the two beautiful twin daughters of the king of Kasi; and by the blessing of a Rishi, he obtained a most powerful son by name Jarasandha. The king, after installing his mighty son Jarasandha on the throne of Magadha retired into a forest and led an ascetic life. In this context the Mahabharata gave the next prominent dynasty of Jarasandha, leaving some generations of kings in the interval between Brihadradha I and Jarasandha (or Brihadradha II). – (Vide_Mahabharata, Sabha Parva. Adhyayas 14 to 19).

N.B:- The Matsya Purana enumerates all the names of kings between Brihadradha-I and Jarasandha or Brihadradha-II Jarasandha, son of Bhuvana was the 15 th in descent from Kuru and the tenth from Brihadradha-I, the founder of the Magadha Dynasty of kings. The following table shows the order of descent according to Matsya Purana. (Chapter 59):-

1. Samvarna

2. Kuru (The founder of the Kaurava Dynasty who removed his capital from Prayaga to Kurukshetra.)

‘The Hindu Mahabharata calls Brihadratha the first ruler of Magadha. King Bimbisara of the Haryanka dynasty led an active and expansive policy, conquering Anga in what is now West Bengal.
The death of King Bimbisara was at the hands of his son, Prince Ajatashatru. King Pasenadi, king of neighbouring Kosala and brother-in-law of King Bimbisara, promptly retook the gift of the Kashi province.
Accounts differ slightly as to the cause of King Ajatashatru’s war with the Licchavi, an area north of the river Ganges. It appears that Ajatashatru sent a minister to the area who for three years worked to undermine the unity of the Licchavis. To launch his attack across the Ganges River, Ajatashatru built a fort at the town of Pataliputra. Torn by disagreements the Licchavis fought with Ajatashatru. It took fifteen years for Ajatashatru to defeat them. Jain texts tell how Ajatashatru used two new weapons: a catapult, and a covered chariot with swinging mace that has been compared to a modern tank. Pataliputra began to grow as a center of commerce and became the capital of Magadha after Ajatashatru’s death.’

My view that Indian Puranas,Ithihasas,Ramayana,Mahabharatha,Literary works of Kalidasa,Kalhana in Sanskrit and the Tamil Classics of the Sangam Era and later works including the works of Azhwars,the worshipers of Vishnu and Nayanmars,worshipers of Shiva are recorded History of India.

We tend to treat the Puranas and Ithihasas as fiction and figment of imagination and the litereary works as mere hyperbole.

Nothing can be farther from Truth.

Puranas and Ithihasas ,no doubt talk of spirituality but they are also facts.

This is evidenced by a careful reading of these Texts,starting from the Vedas through Ramayana,Mahabharatha,Puranas and Tamil Sangam Classics .

The facts mentioned can be verified against Geological,Historical facts as found in foreign literature and physical verification of Geographical descriptions.

This blog has details of such verified facts and they can be accessed undr Hinduism,Tamils Category.

I have been concentrating on the texts mentioned above save Sanskrit literature.

Now I begin by exploring the Raghuvamsa by Kalidasa,which details the Dynasty of Raghu of Ikshvaku Dynasty.

Lord Rama,who is from Ikshvaku Dynasty,is of such great stature that one does not bither about Rama’s illustrious ancestors,say Dillepa and Raghu.

Raghu was so powerful that Kalidasa named his epic as Raghuvamsa,the Raghu Dynasty.

Kalidasa records that Raghu invaded Cetral Asia and middle east and conquered them

He defeated the Central Asians,the Chinese, the ancestors of the Arabs and White Huns.

Please read my article on Huns.

‘The warrior Raghu leads a military expedition toTransoxiana. He defeats and subjugates local people along the way (presumably on his march through Central Asia) until he reaches theVankshu, as the ancient Indians called theOxusRiver. There, Raghu’s army battles theHepthalites, or White Huns, whom the Indians calledHunasandMlecchas(barbarians). The Hepthalites are defeated, and theRaghuvamshaboasts of “The exploits of Raghu, whose valor expressed itself amongst the husbands of the Huna women, became manifest in the scarlet colour of their cheeks.”

After crossing the Oxus, Raghu and his army encountered the Kambojas, an ancient Indo-Scythian people often mentioned in Indian texts. The Kambojas submitted to Raghu and offered him gifts and treasures. Evidently, the Kambojas dwelt in the vicinity of the Pamirs. Kalidasa describes the preponderance of walnut trees in the Oxus country, this particular region is still known for the cultivation of walnuts…..

Transoxiana (also spelled Transoxania), known in Arabic sources as Mā warāʼ al-Nahr(Arabic: ما وراء النهر‎‎ Arabic pronunciation: [ˈmaː waˈraːʔ anˈnahr] – ‘what [is] beyond the [Oxus] river’) and in Persian as Farārūd (Persian: فرارود‎‎, Persian pronunciation: [fæɾɒːɾuːd]—’beyond the [Amudarya] river’), is the ancient name used for the portion of Central Asiacorresponding approximately with modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, southern Kyrgyzstan, and southwest Kazakhstan. Geographically, it is the region between the Amu Darya (Ancient Greek: ΏξοςỐxos) and Syr Darya rivers.[1] The area had been known to the Romans as Transoxania (Land beyond the Oxus), to the Arabs as Mawarannahr (Land Beyond the River), and to the Iranians as Turan, a term used in the Persian national epic Shahnameh…

Hephthalites (or Ephthalites) was the Latinisedexonym for a people of Central Asia who were militarily important circa 450-560. They were based in Bactria and expanded east to the Tarim Basin, west to Sogdia and south through Afghanistan to northern India. They were a tribal confederation and included both nomadic and urban, settled communities…

Chinese sources link the Central Asian tribes comprising the Hunas to both the Xiongnu of north east Asia and the Huns who later invaded and settled in Europe.Similarly, Gerald Larson suggests that the Hunas were a Turkic–Mongolian grouping from Central Asia. The works of Ptolemy (2nd century) are among the first European texts to mention the Huns, followed by the texts by Marcellinus and Priscus. They too suggest that the Huns were an inner Asian people’

Many have written asking me whether there is any alternative because chanting of Indrakshi Siva Kavacham is difficult and the procedure is arduous.

My observation is that we are prepared to follow the instructions of a doctor, though at times, it has no relevance to the problem and the medicine prescribed might be totally irrelevant.

We are cured, in my opinion, because of our faith in the doctor.

Then why don’t we follow the same approach towards Mantras and Pariharas?

There is a Temple and a specific Mantra for high fever.

The Sangameshwara Temple, Kooduthurai , near Bhavaani.

Nearest Railway Station/Bus Station. Erode.

Airport, Coimbatore.

Temple timings 630 am to 12noon and from 4to 8 pm.

The temple has a Jurahareswara(Lord of Fever, Shiva)

You may visit the temple after you chant the Mantra provided towards the close of this article.

‘

Jurahareshwara with three heads, three arms and three legs is found only in a few temples in Tamilnadu. He is found here in a seperate shrine and interestingly the dwarapalakas in this shrine also have three heads, arms and legs. Offering Rice, Pepper Rasam, and Araikeerai Kootu (Greens with Dhal) to the Lord is said to relieve people of fever and other ailments.

Chanting of

“Bhasmayudhaaya Vidhmahe

Raktha Netraaya Dheemahi

Thanno Jurahara Prachodhayaath”

and worshipping him with Bilva leaves, while offering pepper and cummin seeds is said to relieve people of chronic gastric ailments. have written on Indrakshi Shiva Kavacham for curing fever. ‘

Chant the mantra for 108 times day with the fingers of your right hand touching A little quantity of Vibhuthi, Bhasma placed in front of you in a small plate.

After chanting apply the Vibhuthi on the sick person’s forehead.

After fully recovered you may visit the temple and offer parihara as mentioned above.

To alleviate this,Saraswathi ,along with Savitri,Gayatri,is to be propitiated,along with Lakshmi to impel the corrective course and Durga to grant wisdom and courage.

There is one temple,where all the Three Devis are present in one Form,where the The Three Sukthas,Saraswathi,Sri and Durga sukthas,when chanted here along with Homa,cures one of Mental illness.

This is Chottanikkara Bhagavathy temple,Kerala,India.

‘The Chottanikkara (correction of Jyotiannakkara) Devi Temple (Malayalam: ചോറ്റാനിക്കര ഭഗവതി ക്ഷേത്രം) is a famous temple of mother goddess Shakthi devi or Rajarajeshwari known as Sree Bhagavathi. Maha lakshmi is supposed to be residing in Chottanikkara along with Lord Vishnu. ..

Chottanikkara Devi is worshipped at the temple, in three different forms: as Maha Saraswati (mother of knowledge) in the morning, draped in white; Maha Lakshmi (mother of wealth) at noon, draped in crimson; and as Sree Durga (mother of power) in the evening, decked in blue. Supreme lord Shiva, Ganesh & Lord Dharmasastha (Ayyappa) is also worshiped at the temple. People suffering from mental illnesses & commonly visit the temple, as Chottanikkara devi is thought to cure her devotees. One should not miss the ‘Guruthi Pooja’ in the ‘Keezhkkaavu’ temple at Chottanikkara. Goddess ‘keezhkkaavu devi’ is believed to be ‘Bhadrakali'(Mahakali), in her fierce form or ugra form. Bhadrakali, is a form of mother Kali, supposed to be born from the third eye of lord Shiva, to kill the demon king ‘Daruka’. Guruthi pooja is a ritual done at late evening to invoke goddess Mahakali. Earlier ‘Guruthi Pooja’ was done only on Fridays. But nowadays, it is performed every day. Mental diseases are believed to be totally cured by Keezhkkaavu Kali…

How to reach Chottanikkara.

Air: International Air Port is at Nedumbassery, near Aluva, about 22 km away from Ernakulam, Kochi.

Rail: The nearest railway station is Chottanikkara Road (KFE) which is close to the temple. But only a few trains stop at this station. The nearest station (main) is at Tripunithura railway station about 6.4 km; another nearby one is Ernakulam about 17 km away from Chottanikkara. The two railway stations in Kochi are Ernakulam Junction and Ernakulam Town.

Road: KSRTC Central Bus station is near the Ernakulam Junction railway station. There are plenty of private buses available for travel from Ernakulam to other cities.

Temple Legend.

Another legend associated to the temple was that of the spiritual leader Shankaracharya(Adi Shankara). During the time where he lived, Adi Shankara realised that there wasn’t a single temple in Kerala that signified the worship of goddess Saraswati. As a result, he himself went to the Chamundi hills in Karnataka and meditated for many days for the goddess to appear before him. His meditation bore fruit and before him stood the stunningly beautiful goddess, clad in white. On enquiry, he said that he would like to bring the goddess to Kerala and establish a temple dedicated to her worship. This way the people from Kerala would not have to go such far off distances to worship her, as in the case for those who were old and aged. After a lot of persuasion, the goddess agreed; she would follow him by foot wherever he went, but only on one condition. If he trusts her, then he was not allowed to look back to see if she followed him or not. If he did, then wouldn’t go any further. He agrees and they proceed walking. They were walking down the Kodachadri hills, with Shankara leading the way and goddess’ anklets tinkling and letting him know that she was with him. After walking some distance, the tinkling stopped all of a sudden. Shankara waited a few moments and stole a quick look backwards to find the goddess still with him, watching him with reproach. In keeping with the condition, the goddess stopped right there. Shankara, however, was not one to give up. He apologized profusely for breaking the condition and repeatedly begged and pleaded with the goddess to go with him to Kerala. After many pleas, the goddess agrees to a compromise. From early hours of morning, she would come and appear before the devotees at the Chottanikkara temple. Then in the afternoon, she would return to the spot where she stopped. This is the spot which would turn out to be the Mookambika temple. Since then, before the doors of the main sanctum in Mookambika temple were opened, the sanctum doors of the Chottanikkara temple were opened during early morning hours in honour of worshipping goddess Saraswati, where the idol is clad in white garments.’

Dates assigned to Events,persona and literature of India are undergoing a thorough overall ,thanks to new findings in Archaeology Anthropological research,new advanced technics and simulated software of ancient events.

The dates of the following have been pushed back and Indian Ithihasas,Ramayana and Mahabharatha have been found to be recorded History.

Rig Veda ,by 50,000 years,

Ramayana placed at 5114 BC,

Mahabharatha, at 3000 BC.

* for the anomalies of dates in Ramayana,which the Puranas say had happened about a million years ago and Mahabharatha did happen thousands of years later to Ramayana,Ramayana had taken place in Tretha Yuga and Mahabharatha during Dwapara Yuga,please check my article Rama’s Death precedes Krishna’s by 200 years?

And many more arbitrarily assigned dates have been revised.

Now to another ancient Culture and Language ofcIndia,Tamil.

Tamils have a hoary past and they have been referred to in the Vedas,Puranas ,Ramayana and Mahabharatha.

They were a powerful maritime power and references are made by Ancient Greek Historians including Periplus and Roman records the presence of Tamils in Roman Empire and the Romans had a colony of their own in Musiri,Tamil Nadu.

The ancient grammar book available,Tholkappiyam speaks of land extending up to 7000 miles from Kanya Kumari to The South,which is somewhere near New Zealand.

Sage Agastya,the co founder of Tamil along with Lord Shiva is found in New Zealand and Micronesia.

Shiva, the Primary Deity of the Tamils is worshipped by the Aborigines of Australia.

Sage Agastya’s date is confirmed by Astronomy,Star Canopus.

Tamil records speak of Three Conclaves of Poets in Tami Land.

These were called Tamizh Sangam..

‘Nakkīrar describes three “Sangams” (caṅkam) spanning thousands of years. The first Sangam (mutaṟcaṅkam)mudharchangam is described as having been held at “the Madurai which was submerged by the sea”, lasted a total of 4400 years, and had 549 members, which supposedly included some gods of the Hindu pantheon such as Siva, Kubera and Murugan. A total of 4449 poets are described as having composed songs for this Sangam. There were 89 Pandiya kings starting from Kaysina valudi to Kadungon were decedents and rulers of that period..The grammar followed in the first sangam was agattiyam. The poems composed were Paripaadal, mudunarai, mudukurugu, kalariyavirai. If credence is given to the commentary of Irayanar Ahapporul, the beginning of sangam should be placed somewhere in 9000 BC.’

Silappadikaram,one of the Five Epics ,which came later to Sangam period is dated at 1 AD.

Recent excavations of Poompuhar,which was called Kaverippoompattinam date pushes it back by 11,000 years.

‘The date of Poompuhar artifact was arrived at and verified by Glenn Milne Sea Level changes.

The place is called Poompuhar. It lies on southeast India’s Coromandel coast facing the Bay of Bengal between modern Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka. Its immediate offshore area has been the subject of marine archaeological investigations by India’s National Institute of Oceanography since the 1980’s — and numerous non-controversial finds of man-made structures dated between the third century AD and the third century BC have been made in the “inter-tidal zone” close to shore at depths down to 6 feet (approximately 2 metres).

These finds of structures in shallow water (some so shallow that they are exposed at low tide) have been quite widely written-up in the archaeological literature. But for some reason other discoveries that the NIO has made in deeper water off Poompuhar have attracted no attention at all. Most notably these other discoveries include a second completely separate group of structures fully three miles from the Poompuhar shore in water that is more than 70 feet (23 metres) deep. The lack of interest is surprising because to anyone with even minimal knowledge of post-glacial sea-level rise their depth of submergence is – or should be – highly anomalous. Indeed according to Glenn Milne’s sea-level data the land on which these structures were built last stood above water at the end of the Ice Age more than 11,000 years ago.

Is it a coincidence that there are ancient Tamil flood myths that speak of a great kingdom that once existed in this area called Kumari Kandam that was swallowed up by the sea? Amazingly the myths put a date of 11,600 years ago on these events — the same timeframe given by Plato for the end of Atlantis in another ocean.

Like the cities in the Gulf of Cambay the underwater structures three miles offshore of Poompuhar were first identified by an instrument called sidescan sonar that profiles the seabed. One structure in particular was singled out for investigation and was explored by divers from India’s National Institute of Oceanography in 1991 and 1993. Although they were not at that time aware of the implications of its depth of submergence — i.e. that it is at least 11,500 years old — the 1991 study confirms that it is man-made and describes it as:

a horse-shoe-shaped object, its height being one to two metres. A few stone blocks were found in the one-metre wide arm. The distance between the two arms in 20 metres. Whether the object is a shrine or some other man-made structure now at 23 metres [70 feet] depth remains to be examined in the next field season.

The 1993 study refines the measurements:

The structure of U-shape was located at a water depth of 23 metres which is about 5 kilometres off shore. The total peripheral length of the object is 85 metres while the distance between the two arms is 13 metres and the maximum height is 2 metres Divers observed growth of thick marine organism on the structure, but in some sections a few courses of masonry were noted.

Graham Hancock is an advocate of this theory and I subscribe to this as this has more science to back it up.

Sundaland was a cluster of islands in South consisted of Malay peninsula, Java, Sumatra, Borneo and other surrounding areas.’

‘So it is logical to arrive at the conclusion that the Silappadikaram Town was in existence around 11000 CE and for a rich language as Tamil to develop, from a dialect, colloquial form and then to literary ,it requires minimum 5000 Years.

And Tamil quotes Ithihasas ,Ramayana and Mahabharata and the Vedas.

That should place these Ithihasas earlier .

Hence based on this evidence available now, Tamil should be at least 16000 years old and the Sanskrit Puranas earlier.

Please read my Post Million Year Old Tamil quotes Vedas and they quote Tamil.

Silappadikaram and its sister Epic Manimekalai speaks of the Tsunami that devoured the Tamil land.

And this is the Third Tsunami,the earlier two having swallowed Tamil land .

Assuming ,at the most conservative level ,that the Tsunami struck immediately before Silappadikaram period,which is unlikely as to reconstruct the Land and take the language to classical level of Silappadikaram would have required at least five thousand years,we can assign the last Tsunami at 14,000 BC.

And taking the account of Tamil classics for the duration of each Sangam at ( there is novreason to doubt this as their version about Third Tsunami is validated,

‘First Sangam.-It was said to be located in Then Madurai (now part of Madurai) under the patronage of 89 Pandya kings,during this period. It is said to have lasted for 4,440 years,

Second Sangam-The second Sangam was convened in Kapatapuram. This Sangam lasted for 3700 years and had 59 members, with 3700 poets participating. There were 59 Pandiya kings starting from Vendercceliyan to Mudattirumaran were decedents and rulers of that period. This city was also submerged in sea. Ramayana and Arthashastra of Kautalya corroborates the existence of a city named Kavatapuram.

Third Sangam-The Third Sangam (Tamil: மூன்றாம் சங்கம், Moondram Sangam) was a historical assembly and the last of the three Tamil Sangams. Established under the aegis of 49 Pandyan kings, it ran for 1850 years, ending around the time that Christianity emerged’

Puranas,meaning ‘very old’, Eighteen in number, and the Ithihasas Ramayana and Mahabharatha are recorded History of India.

The dates of Ramayana and Mahabharata have been confirmed by archeology, Astronomy, Paleantology, Literary references from foreign sources, Anthropology, archeoanthropology and Simulated software with inputs from these Indian texts and correlating them with Astronomical events.

The Ramayana and the Puranas provide detailed chronology of Suryavamsa, the Solar dynasty.

​This list has been cross checked with Genome studies.

And these studies confirm the genealogy and time frame.

In the article Ms.Saroj Bala reveals the study results thus.

‘Almost all the major Genome studies carried out so far have revealed an amazing correlation of this genealogy with the genetic profile of humans settled in north, south, east and west of India since the Holocene (about 11000 years BP) to the present. Almost all the important studies in palaeo- anthropology, including those carried out by Kenneth A. R. Kennedy and Cavalli-Sfroza, have concluded that genetic profile of people of the Indian subcontinent has remained the same for last more than 55000 years and that for last 11000 years this profile is of culturally developing people who had started speaking a structured language and were taking cooked food.’

‘Berenice (Berenike) or Berenice Troglodytica (Greek: Βερενίκη), also known as Baranis, is an ancient seaport of Egypt on the west coast of the Red Sea. It is situated about 825 km south of Suez and 260 km east of Aswan in Upper Egypt…..

It was founded in 275 BC by Ptolemy II Philadelphus (285–246 BC), who named it after his mother, Berenice I of Egypt.[3] Troglodytica refers to the aboriginal people of the region, the “Troglodytai” or “cave dwellers”. Although the name is attested by several ancient writers, the more ancient Ptolemaic inscriptions read Trogodytai (which G.W.B. Huntingford has speculated could be related to the same root as Tuareg). It is possible that later copyists confused this name with the more common term Troglodytai….
Excavations were launched at Berenike in 1994 by a team of archaeologists from the University of Delaware led by Prof. Steven E. Sidebotham, with partners from several other institutions and continued until 2001. Work was resumed by teams from the University of Delaware and the Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology, University of Warsaw, Poland, in the winter of 2007/2008 and is still continuing.[6]
A large number of significant finds have been made providing evidence of the cargo from the Malabar Coast and the presence of Tamil people from South India and Jaffna being at this last outpost of the Roman Empire.
“Among the unexpected discoveries at Berenike were a range of ancient Indian goods, including the largest single concentration (7.55 kg) of black peppercorns ever recovered in the classical Mediterranean world (“imported from southern India” and found inside a large vessel made of Nile silt in a temple courtyard); substantial quantities of Indian-made fine ware and kitchen cooking ware and Indian style pottery; Indian-made sail cloth, basketry, matting, etc. from trash dumps; a large quantity of teak wood, black pepper, coconuts, beads made of precious and semi-precious stones, cameo blanks; “a Tamil Brahmi graffito mentioning Korra, a South Indian chieftain”; evidence that “inhabitants from Tamil South India (which then included most of Kerala) were living in Berenike, at least in the early Roman period”; evidence that the Tamil population implied the probable presence of Buddhist worshippers; evidence of Indians at another Roman port 300 km north of Berenike; Indian-made ceramics on the Nile road; a rock inscription mentioning an Indian passing through en route; “abundant evidence for the use of ships built and rigged in India”; and proof “that teak wood (endemic to South India), found in buildings in Berenike, had clearly been reused”(from dismantled ships).”

Chera King Udhiyan Cheralaathan fed both the Kaurava and Pandya armies during the Mahabharatha War,

Lord Krishna attended Tamil Sangam,married a Pandyan Princess and had a daughter through her,

The children of Sage Viswamitra were banished by him to Dravida Desa,

Arjuna,Balarama and Sahadeva went on a Pilgrimage to Dravida Desa,

Lord Rama’s sister’s Rishyashrunga was from Sringeri,Karnataka,

Sage Gautama,after whom the river Godavari is named,was from Godavari valley,Anshra Pradesh,

There was a King Aryaman whose ancestry is traced to Manu,

Cholas were cousins of Solar,Ikshvahu Dynasty,to which Lord Rama belongs,

Cholas,Pandyas are referred to in Ramayana and Mahabharatha,

Manu’s daughter was married to a Dravidian King,

Manu was from Dravida desa and he meditated near Madagascar…..

What is interesting is that Brahui language is spoken in Balochisthan even today.

And it is a Dravidian language.

How come The Dravidian languages spoken in the south of India,about 1000 miles away is being spoken in Baluchisthan?

One theory is that this Brahui was from Central India.

Does it not mean that Dravidiian languages were spoken in Central India as well?

One may have to visit the Gondwana continent concept to clarify this.

Please read my article on Gondwana.

One must bear in mind that the landmass of India and the world were different.

When one studies the Dravidian literature in conjunction with Sanatana Dharma,one may uncover shocking facts.

Looks as though the Dravidian culture preceded Sanatana Dharma.

But this theory goes out of the window because Tamil literature quotes Vedas,Puranas,Ramayana and Mahabharatha and these texts quote Tamil/s!

One is stumped.

Add to this the excavation of a million year old site in Chennai,where traces of advanced Tamil civilization is found.

Poompuhar sites push the date of Tamils by 30,000 years.

More sites,numbering 293 in Vaigai River near Madurai confirm the antiquity as found in the other sites mentioned above.

My view on Brahui being present in Balochisthan is due to the presence of Tamils in these areas when kings from Tamil Nadu invaded them.

There are three kings who have been credited with invading North,not to speak about those who had friendly relations with the people of Sanatana Dharma.

They are,

Aryavarman,

Ariyappadaikadantha Nedunchezhiyan

Imayavaramban Neduncheralaathaan.

I am researching on who the first Tamil king ,who invaded The North of India.

I am reproducing some theories,one of which suggests Dravidian Invasion of India.

Shall examine this theory as well later.

‘The Brahui (Brahui: براہوئی,) or Brahvi people are a Pakistani ethnic group of about 2.2 million people with the vast majority found in Baluchistan, Pakistan.They are a small minority group in Afghanistan, where they are native, but they are also found through their diaspora in Middle Eastern states..

Brahvi[4]/brəˈhuːiBrahui: براہوئی‎‎) is a Dravidian language spoken by the Baloch[citation needed] and Brahvi people in the central Balochistan region of Pakistan and Afghanistan, and by expatriate Brahvi communities in Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Iraq, and Iran.It is isolated from the nearest Dravidian-speaking neighbour population of South India by a distance of more than 1,500 kilometres (930 mi).Kalat, MastungKhuzdar and parts of Quetta districts of Balochistan are predominantly Brahvi-speaking…

‘When one looks at the many similarities between certain Brahui words and words used in other Dravidian languages, the connection is clear. In addition to arisiand uru, a few more Brahui words that are clearly Dravidian in origin are listed below:

Today – Aino (Brahui), Innu (Tamil, Malayalam)

You – Ne (Brahui), Ne (Tamil, Malayalam)

Come – Baa (Brahui), Vaa (Tamil, Malayalam)

Snore – Khurkao (Brahui), Khurtai (Tamil)

Eye – Xan (Brahui), Kan (Tamil)

Stone – Xal (Brahui), Kal (Tamil)

Milk – Pal (Brahui), Pal (Tamil)

News – Haval (Brahui), Thahaval (Tamil)

For its numbering system, Brahui draws from a Dravidian source for two (irat akin to the Kannada eradu) and three (musit akin to the Tamil moonu and the Kannada mooru) but from four onwards, the words are clearly Indo-Aryan borrowings (char, paanch and so on). The Brahui word for one (asit) seems to have no connection with any other language. Owing to its long isolation from other Dravidian languages, Brahui morphology has drawn greatly from those around it. Some experts opine that only about 15% of its vocabulary is now Dravidian, with the remaining drawn from Balochi, Persian, Sindhi, Urdu and other languages in its vicinity. Brahui’s vowel system is drawn entirely from Baloch. But experts have also noted that Baloch words, too, have been drawn from Brahui. ..

‘Some consider the Brahui tribe as a left behind relic group of the original Dravidian invaders. This view is supported by an eminent Dravidian linguist, M.S.Andronov (1980).

During the historical migration of the forebears of the modern Dravidians into India. the ancestors of the Brahuis were the first to separate from the bulk of the proto-Dravidian tribes moving to the south and south-east. “The Brahui language” [translated from the Russian by V. Korotky].

Like this:

How did people measure a year and specifically how did the fix the time for a day?

World has been following three systems for calendar.

1.Solar,based on the movement of the Sun,called the Suryamanasa in Hinduism.

2.Lunar,based on the movement of the Moon, Chaandra Manasa.

In India both are used.

3.There is also the practice of using both together Luni Solar system.

This is practiced by the Chinese.

How is the beginning of a day calculated?

Today,the world follows midnight to midnight as one day.

The origin of this is lost .

Historically, there seems to have been four norms to decide one day.

‘

day, the time based on the earth’s rotation. In the Chinese calendar, a day starts from the midnight; in the Hindu calendars, a day starts from sunrise; and in the Hebrew calendar, a day starts from sunset.’ (Wiki)

In Hinduism,day starts in the morning,beginning around 3.45 to 4 am called Brahma Muhurtha.

An interesting point is that the British were following Hindu Vikrama calendar till the middlecages befor resorting to Gregorian Calendar.

The curious fact is that England, Wales and Scotland were following the Vikrama Samvatsara till 1752 when they changed it.

‘

Yet another proof of India having once ruled England is the fact that until 1752 A.D. the English New Year began on March 25.

That is the exact time of the year when the Indian New Year begins.

In 1752 by an act of Parliament England arbitrarily changed over to January 1 as the New Year Day.

As March 25 marks the beginning of the Indian Vikram Samvat it is plausible that England was part of Vikramaditya’s Indian empire.

Considering the fact that Hinduism spread throughout the world in ancient times and the ancestors of world civilizations trace their origins to Bharatvarsha,it is probable that the world followed Hindu concept of day beginning in the morning during ancien times.

As the empire of Bharatvarsha functioned from the present India( read Vikramadityas World Empire),the world seems to have followed the Indian day concept,that is beginning in the morning.

That is taking 5.30 am as the Sun rises in India,12 midnight has been taken as the beginning of a new day.

One must remember that Britain was ruling the world,colonising the countries.

‘There are four main views of when a day begins and ends. These are 1) midnight-to-midnight 2) evening-to-evening 3) dawn-to-dawn and 4) dawn-to-sunset.

Midnight is the popular transitional point that separates one day from another, and is used in civil time throughout the world. However as this practice does not appear to have a Biblical basis, we will only consider the evening-to-evening, dawn-to-dawn and dawn-to-sunset as the possible Biblical start and end of each day…

In Judaism.

‘

Jewish Calendar Date

When G‑d created time, He first created night and then day. Therefore, a Jewish calendar date begins with the night beforehand. While a day in the secular calendar begins and ends at midnight, a Jewish day goes from nightfall to nightfall. Shabbat begins on Friday night, and a yahrtzeit lamp is kindled the evening before the yahrtzeit (anniversary of a person’s passing), before nightfall. If the 10th of Iyar falls on a Wednesday, and a child is born Wednesday night after dark, the child’s birthday is the 11th of Iyar.

On those dates wherein certain activities are restricted — such as working on Shabbat or major holidays — the restrictions go into effect the night beforehand.

[Most fast days begin at dawn (“alot hashachar“), and as such are an exception to this rule. Yom Kippur and Tisha b’Av, however, do begin at nightfall of the previous night.]

Though the day and its restrictions begin the night beforehand, many obligations associated with specific calendar dates — such as hearing the shofar on Rosh Hashanah, taking the Four Species on Sukkot, or hearing the daytime reading of the Megillah on Purim — must be performed during daylight hours only.‘

The new hijri date begins with the setting of sun. Hence for e.g. once the sun sets after the 11th day in Ramadhaan, the 12th has already begun.

So, if today is Thursday 3:15 pm then Maghrib begins at 5:00 pm then know from the moment Maghrib time begins on that day, Friday begins.

The Islamic cycle of a day begins with the setting, not the rising of the sun. In countries such as Saudi Arabia, where the Islamic calendar alone is norm, when someone is speaking about going out on Friday night, he means the night that comes before the “day” of Friday.

‘Sam 19:11 Saul also sent messengers to David’s house to watch him and to kill him in the morning. And Michal, David’s wife, told him, saying, “If you do not save your life tonight, tomorrow you will be killed.”

Michal made a distinction between “tonight” and “tomorrow”. ‘Tonight’ was not the same as ‘tomorrow’. ‘Tomorrow’ was to come after ‘tonight’, and when it came in the morning, Saul sent to kill David as He had planned. The day did not begin at evening, but in the morning.

Jonah 4:7 But as morning dawned the next day [Elohim] prepared a worm, and it so damaged the plant that it withered.

When did the worm appear? Answer: as morning dawned the next day.

Mark 16:2 Very early in the morning, on the first day of the week, they came to the tomb when the sun had risen.

Luke 24:1 Now on the first day of the week, very early in the morning, they, and certain other women with them, came to the tomb bringing the spices which they had prepared.

Matt 28:1 Now after the Sabbath, as the first day of the week began to dawn, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary came to see the tomb.

Combining all three accounts, it is clear that the women went to the tomb early in the morning, at dawn on the first day of the week. The evangels did not say at evening on the previous day. However having the mindset (without proof) that Sabbath ends at sunset, some persons try to twist what is clearly a dawn visit into an evening visit so as to make this account fit in with their erroneous theory that Sabbath ends at sunset.’

‘position set forth in this study is that the Scripture teaches the terminus a quo (i.e. thestart) of a new day to be at morning rather than at evening. The following evidence from Scripture is brought forth in order to demonstrate that a new day begins at morning.

1. When expressions like “tomorrow”, “that night”, “the next day”, or “the same day” are used in Scripture, the context in certain texts indicates that the night is a continuation of “the same day” that preceded it (and not the beginning of a new day). Whereas the following morning is distinguished from the previous night by being designated as “tomorrow” or as “the next day.”

a. Genesis 19:33-35

All the incestuous events of Gen. 19:33 occur on “that night.” However, the recounting of the events of the previous night actually occurred “on the morrow” (Gen. 19:34). Also note that the dialogue between the daughters of Lot “on the morrow” (Gen. 19:34) occurred before nightfall (“that night also“, Gen. 19:35), and yet what occurred the night before (Gen. 19:33) and what occurred the day after (before nightfall) are reckoned as two different days (“the morrow“, Gen. 19:34). This chain of events can only be reckoned as two separate days if the following morning begins a new day. If the previous evening begins a new day (as the evening view affirms), then one could not refer to the following morning and afternoon (before night) as “the morrow.” For the previous night, the next morning, and the next afternoon (before night) would all be the same day and not two separate days.

b. Exodus 16:23-25

This passage is significant for it refers to the Sabbath. In preparing for the Sabbath, God commanded Israel to gather twice as much manna on the morning of the sixth day because they were not to gather manna at all on the seventh day (Ex. 16:22, 26). On the sixth day, Moses declared, “Tomorrow is the rest of the holy sabbath unto the LORD” (Ex. 16:23). When is “tomorrow“? That same evening or the following morning? The text makes it clear that they were to bake and to boil all that they needed for food on that same day (the sixth day), and the manna they did not need for that day would be preserved from spoiling until the next morning (unlike other days, cf. Ex. 16:19-20). Moses states what is to be done with the manna that did not spoil on the morning of the seventh day: “Eat that today, for today is a sabbath unto the LORD; today ye shall not find it in the field” (Ex. 16:25). The text does not indicate that leftover manna bred worms or became spoiled immediately before sunset on the sixth day (which would be the beginning of a new day according to the evening view), but rather that all leftover manna became spoiled before morning. Why? Because morning was the beginning of a new day. It is also significant to note that the text does not associate the start of the Sabbath with the evening, but rather Moses declared, “Tomorrow is the rest of the holy sabbath” (Ex. 16:23). The “tomorrow” when the Sabbath began was the following morning (Ex. 16:23). On the morning of the seventh day Moses stated, “Today is a sabbath unto the LORD” (16:25). There is no indication that the Sabbath began the night before. Is there even one example in Scripture where “tomorrow” refers to the evening that immediately follows the morning and afternoon that precedes it? I have not yet found such a passage.

This is the first stage where we look upon Lord Shiva as a person. And what is HIS complexion? Suddhaspatika Sankasam, Shiva is very, very fair. Mrs. Shiva, Parvathi, is dark. Maybe this is to show that there should not be any fights over black and white! Shiva is as fair as a crystal. Then trinetram, HE has three eyes represented by the sun, the moon and the fire. The sun and moon represent the ordinary eyes. Agni the third eye represents knowledge. In the mythology you’ll find that Lord Shiva with the third eye destroyed everything including Manmatha (god of kama) and HE also destroy tripurantaka asuras etc. Philosophically the third eye represents Janani Agnih. When we mean Lord destroys Kama we mean HE destroys all our petty desires. IF we have the third eye of wisdom like Shiva we can also burn Kama, kroda, loba, etc. Tripura rakshasas represent the three sharirams, the three gunas, and the three avasthas. With the help of the third eye a person destroys all the sharirams (sthula, sukha and karam). In short, HE destroys samsara, thereby HE destroys all our problems. Pancavaktrakam – the Lord who has five faces or five heads. Four heads on four sides and one head looking up (you should not ask where is the place!). The five heads are enumerated in the Vedas in the well known mantra sandyo jatham prapadh is the first one, vamadevayah is the second, agorabyo is the third one, tat purushaya is the fourth one, eshanah is the fifth. The fifth head is very important for those people who seek self-knowledge, all the apara vidya and also para vidya. It is from the standpoint of eshanah that we look upon Lord Shiva as Dakshinamurthy. Lord Shiva is the authority of Vedas. Then Gangadaram means is one who has got Ganga devi or Ganga river on his jatta. From Lord Shiva head only Ganga is blessing all people. Philosophically Ganga represents brahma vidya or self-knowledge. There are a lot of similarities between Ganga and self-knowledge. Both originate from the Lord’s head. Ganga is a perennial river not like our local Madras river that dry up, similarly the tradition of self-knowledge is also perennial. Ganga flows from higher plane to lower plane, atma-vidya too flows from guru in the higher plane to sishya in the lower plane. If you dip into Ganga it refreshes your body and mind, similarly if you dip in brahma vidya (self-knowledge) you like refresh yourself. Ganga has got various ghats (steps). You should approach only through the ghats otherwise you’ll be swept away. Ganga is a powerful river. There are lot of rocks and it;s ice cold. Even a powerful swimmer cannot swim in this river. So if you want to have a bath you must go to a ghat. Likewise if you want self-knowledge you must follow a tradition of approaching a guru. You insist on self-efforts like using translation it will only cause confusion. There are so many common features and the Lord is called Gangadarah. Dasabhujam – the Lord who has ten hands which are stretched in all the ten directions (four main quarters, four secondary quarters and then up and down). Sarva bharana Bhushitam – One who has many ornaments on HIS body. All the ornaments of Shiva are made up of snakes!

Nilagrivam is the one who is blue necked and one who swallowed the poison to save the whole world. Sasankankam is one who has got moon on HIS head. Philosophically the moon represents the time principle for we determine “thiti” and kala from its movement. Therefore Shiva has Kala under HIS control. nāga yaṅñopa vītinam – HE has got the sacred thread which is another snake. vyāghra carmottarīyaṃ ca is the tiger skin that HE is wearing as a dress. Varenyam means that HE is the goal of all the people as HE is the nature of Ananda. Abaya pradam is ONE who gives protection, refuge to all the devotees.

HE has got Kamandalu and aksha mala and that’s why HE is the representative of all sanyasis. Shivaratri is considered to be very sacred as many take sanyasa deeksha on this auspicious day. Shiva represents tyaga and Vishnu represents bhoga. Shiva has got jatta and HE does not even have a proper dress. Shiva represents the sanyasi parampara. HE has got sulapaninam to destroy all the asuras. Jvalantam is ONE who is shining, one who is bright. Pingalajatta means jatta is golden yellow in colour as it is not washed (there is no shampoo etc) and it has become brawny colour. And sikha that is standing upward like a plane and one who is keeping Ganga jalam in HIS matted hair.

HE is amrutham as abhisekam is indicated, HE is ananda and HE is one who has Uma devi as the second half of HIS body. Even after sanyasa HE has got a peculiar problem for he cannot leave his wife. Wherever HE goes Uma devi will also come. And one who is seated on a divine simhasanam that is the Himalayas. And one who has all the bhoga as Himalayas have all the gold, gems etc.

One who is surrounded by dig devatas and one who is worshipped by all suras and asuras. Until now you got description of Shiva as a personal god. Now the sloka give a different and higher angle of nirgunal brahma swarupam. nityaṃ ca śāśvataṃ śuddhaṃ dhruva-makṣara-mavyayam and these are all definitions of formless Brahman. It is nitya, (eternal), sasvatam (changeless), suddham (pure), druvam (without any movement), aksharam (without any distraction) and avyayam (without any taint). According to the level and maturity of the seeker we can see Shiva as personal god or we can see Shiva as nirgunam Brahman. Then having given these two aspect the dhyana sloka gives the third aspect, that is anaka rupam or vishwa rupam.

The very same lord is not seated in Kailasa but HE is the form of whole vishwa or cosmos and who is all pervading and who is the ultimate lord. Here we have to reverse the order, first eka rupa then anaka rupa and finally arupa. Having meditated on Shiva in one form or the other according to the maturity of the devotee thereafter rudra abhisekham should be done. First we have to meditate and only then do the rudram puja. …..

Like this:

I had written about the antiquity of Tamils and its close connections to Sanatana Dharma.

One intriguing fact,I have mentioned in many articles,is about Shiva Worship.

While Shiva is mentioned rarely in the Vedas directlty,save Srirudram,no Sukthas directly addressed to Shiva,Tamil literature speaks extensively about Shiva.

While the legend of Shiva is limited to His Marriage with Uma(Parvathi,daughter of Himavan,Daksha) her self immolation in the sacrificial fire in the Yagnya conducted by Her father,And Shiva carrying the body of UMA and the coming into being of the 108 Shakti Peetas,the Tamil literature speaks of 64 Avatars of Shiva,His formulation of Tamil as a language,his sons,apart from Ganesha,Murugan(Subrahmanya)Veerabaahu,Navaveeras,Rudrasena.

And Shiva is called the First Yogi with Sage Agastya,Bhogar and Patanjali as His disciples among others.

Rama is reported to have worshipped Shiva in many places in South India,including Rameswaram.

This probably is one of the strongest clues that Shiva cult preceded Ramayana.

The Sangam classics,dated around 3000 BC,speak of Shiva.

In the light of archelogical findings at Poompuhar,Tamil Nadu sets the Sangam classics by 30,000 Years.

So this is another clue.

The next is Tamil being spoken ,even today,in Afghanisthan as a dialect and in Nortwest frontier province of Pakistan.

I had written that Tamils had a second Capital in the Nortwest of India.

Kind Sibi,a Chola king ruled from there.

He invaded the south and built a Temple in Thirivellarai,near Srirangam,Tamil Nadu for Pundarikaksha,(Vishnu).

Sibi and Manu(not Manusmriti Manu) were Cholas and ancestors of Lord Rama

*please read my articles on these.

So we have two issues.

Tamils preceded Ramayana.

They were present in the northwest of India.

There is evidence that the Tamils lived somewhere near the Gulf of Cambay,Gujarat.

Shall write a detailed article on this.

The present article is about the date of Tamils,whose homeland was Lemuria,/Kumarikandam,/MU)

These three could have been one landmass are different but what can not be disputed is that the land was Tamils homeland.

How old is this land and the people?

Before proceeding further it would be relevant to know about the geographical landmarks provided in Tamil classics.

‘This page created for trivia and commentary regarding the Tretya Yuga [Silver Age]and the continent of Mu, or Lemuria. [- E.M.]

*Trivia:“[….] The Tretya Yuga, or Silver Age, came after the breakup of the previous age, when Lemuria, by earthquakes and tidal waves, went down under the seas. [….]” [Based on: Paul Twitchell, TheShariyat-Ki- Sugmad, Book Two, p. 113, Second Edition – 1988]

*Trivia: “[….] These records tell us that the legendary paradise of man, thought of as the Garden of Eden, was laid on the lost continent of Lemuria which was sunk by earthquakes and tidal waves fifty thousand years ago. [….]” [Based on: Paul Twitchell, The Shariyat-Ki- Sugmad, Book Two, Second Edition – 1988, p. 107]

Considered to be Earth’s first great civilization, Mu [Lemuria] could naturally be placed in the *Golden Age [about 3,891,102 B.C. – 2,163,102 B.C.] in order to fit a popular mythological paradigm of four [Gold, Silver, Bronze, Iron] great ages. My dates for these four ages [Yugas] were figured by using 3,102 B.C. as a starting date for Kali Yuga [Iron Age] and subtracting the appropriate fractions from 4,320,000 years to determine the rest. Most remarkable, perhaps, is the fact Paul Twitchell appeared to suggest two dates [separated by nearly 2 million years] for the destruction of Lemuria: roughly 2 million B.C. & 50,000 B.C. What are the reasons for these two dates? Can a continent sink twice? Or, during his research, was Paul Twitchell faced with more than one popular paradigm concerning the beginning of civilization? [- E.M.]

*Trivia: “[….] The destruction of the kingdom of Lemuria and all its colonial empire came about by gas pockets under the crust of the earth some hundreds of thousands of years ago. It was a land of the Aryans who spread the empire throughout the world. [….]” [Based on: Paul Twitchell, The Shariyat-Ki- Sugmad, Book Two, seventh printing, 1982, p. 97 & eighth printing, 1986, p. 97 ]

*Trivia: “[….] The destruction of the kingdom of Lemuria and all its colonial empire came about by gas pockets under the crust of the earth that formed some hundreds of thousands of years ago. [….]” [Based on: Paul Twitchell, The Shariyat-Ki- Sugmad, Book Two, Second Edition – 1988, p. 112]

*Note: “Paul Twitchell died in September, 1971.” [– E.M]

The foregoing two sections of text appear not entirely the same. The newer edition [1988] contains the words that formed. To me [at least for now], this appears to suggest that [hundreds of thousands of years ago] gas pockets were formed under the crust of the earth. The older version of this text [1982 & 1986], however, “appears to suggest” it was the destruction of Lemuria that happened hundreds of thousands of years ago. That is, before the beginning of the Tretya Yuga about 2 million B.C. [- E.M.]

Col. James Churchward suggests a starting date for Mu [Lemuria] at about 200,000 B.C. He bases this date, allegedly, on ancient Nacaal tablets. According to the position of certain stars recorded on those tablets [according, that is, to the conclusion of certain astronomers], he thus determines the date. On the other hand, the final destruction of Mu, according to Churchward, appears to have taken place between 10,000 & 11,000 years B.C.” [- E.M.]

So here we have a case of popular apparent history for one of the oldest recorded civilizations on earth. One that, according to such history, apparently sank beneath the waves of the Pacific Ocean anywhere from 2 million to 10,000 years B.C.
Even more astonishing, perhaps, is the classic church story about how the Garden of Eden and the beginning of the world began at just around 4,000 B.C. Only in the last two hundred years have other older dates for creation really begun to gain public attention. Writers contemporary with the 20th and 21st centuries were once engaged with promoting dates of between ten and fifteen thousand years B.C. for the Biblical flood; not to mention the beginning of man on earth – which probably goes back even further. Of course, some contemporary authors now favor the idea of all four Hindu yugas corresponding – more or less – with the popular 5,000-plus-year cycle for Mayan “suns”, which could have the oldest of them beginning around the 4th millennium B.C.
Obviously, a paradigm shift has been taking place for a number of years. A regular see-saw of dates, or a “hall of mirrors” that “seems to matter”. [- E.M.]

Though most of the Readers of Ramanis blog are objective and seekers of Truth,History based on Facts,there are a few who try to read hidden meanings and agenda.

To them, I would like to state that this blog is an attempt at finding our cultural and historical roots that have been destroyed /are twisted to suit the invaders.

Because of this misinformation,many/some tend to view our history and culture through the Prisms of Language and region.

What one must remember is that,though there were 56 Kingdoms and at least as many languages from the Vedic /Ramayana,Mahabharatha period, I am yet to come across a reference where the culture or languages of one region look down upon the others.

However,there were instances of religious bigotry between Hinduism,Jainism and Buddhism during the middle ages,no prejudiced views were there about languages,music and culture.

Each was given respect and each took the best out of the other and became better.

For example,Tamil customs were adapted to Vedic Traditions,like the Mangal Sutra(Thaali) and Apasthamba incorporated them in his sutras.

Similarly,thiugh the Tamils were not Fire Worshippers like the Vedic People,they followed Sanaatana Dharma.

This introduction is in the light of the information I am producing below,which is likely to raise the hackles of Carnatic Music lovers.

Tamil as a language consists of three parts.

Iyal,loosely translated as Prose ,is that which comes naturally in day to day Life,

Isai,Music,which is the origin of Language and

Natakam,Drama or Theatrics.

Isai is is from the word Asai, ‘Move’.

Music as we know is from Vibrations.

Vibrations are from Movement.

Whether it is Vocal or Instrumental Music ,it is from Movement,vocal chords,strings,or vibrations from instruments.

So The root word for Music Isai is from Asai,Move.

Isai also means ‘to be in tune with’ ‘agree’,’ go together’.

Recorded history from the earliest recorded Tamil Work Tholkappiam speaks about Isai ,called ,’Pann,.

Pann means that which is refined ,cultured,orderly and elevating.

One may note that Tholkappiyar was a disciple of Sage,Agastya,who wrote Veda Sutras and is considered as the co founder of Tamil along with Lord Shiva,Subrahmanya(Murugan in Tamil) .

Shiva in Tamil is associated with Dance as Natana Sabapathy,the Lord of Dais and He is also considered as the root of Music.

One may note that Sanskrit was born of Shiva’s Drum.

Even today Shiva is worsipped with Tamil Music,Pann from Thirumurai of Thevaram and Thiruvasagam in temples.

These are called Dravida Vedas.

Please listen you visit temples in the south when the priest performs the,Kaala Pooja,the Poojas conducted at specific times in Times( 5 or six Times a day,depending on the custom).

You may note the priest saying Dravida Vedam Sandhardhasyaami,we are offering You the Dravida Vedas.

This is followed by Tamil Pann speicified for the Time the pooja is performed.

This is followed by the priest announcing ‘ Veda Ghosham’

Then Veda is chanted.

*This practice seems to have originated just before the period or during the reign of Rajaraja Chola,1010AD.

In Vishnu Temples Naalayira Divya Prabhandham is sung.

The Pann,music of Tamil ,as of now is dated aroud 200 BC.

However, in the light of evidence from Poompuhar which is described in detail in Cilappadikaaram, one of the,Tamil Five Tamil Epics,the date of Tamil is pushed back by 30,000 years.

Then we have Arikamedu site,and a million year old site in Chennai.

Then 74,000 year old Nataraja near Kurnool,Andhra Pradesh( Telengana?)’

Thiruvannamalai ,Tamil Nadu which is 3.94 Billion years old,

Thirupathi,the Northern boundary of Tamils is 2100 million years old..

All this push the date of Tamil further back.

The surprise is that this ancient Tamil quotes Vedas and Vedas quote Tamil.

Please read my articles in detail on each topic.

There are 103 Panns.

Today 21,24 or 27 are used in Temples.

There are 72 Mela Kartha Raagas in Carnatic Music.

Please read my article on this.

Tamil is unique in that it assigns a particular Pann to one landmass.

There are five landscapes described.

Kurinji,Marutham,Neydhal,Mullai and Paalai.

Please read my posts on these labd divisions.

The first music instrument was Yaazh ,like Veena.

In Vedas Sama Veda is set to music and it is dedicated to Lord Shiva.

In Vedic traditions,Veena is decribed as the first musical instrument.

In Tamil, it is Yaazh , a type of Veena.

Goddess Saraswathi has it in her hands.

Also the the Drum of Shiva,Damaru.

In Tamil,’Parai’ Drum is also considered as the earliest musical instrument along with Yaazh.

Adi Shankaracharya’s,Sarvagnya Peetha,where he ascended the Sarvagnya Peetha,Throne of Wisdom.

Sharada Devi,

Shiva temples,Vishnu Temples,

Hingaraj Temple.

Devi Temples.

There is a Shiva Temple about 10 km from Mansehera Pakistan.

The Shiva Linga in the temple is 2000 years old.

It was renovated by Rajama Singh in 1830.

It was again renovated recently by the Hindu Community.

‘Shiva Temple Mansehra Largest Shiv ling in Pakistan
Doomed’ Abbottabad (5th Gurkhas) temple, the much older Shiv Mandir (Temple) at Chitti Gatti, near Mansehra town up here has been at last reclaimed and now partially restored by the small Hindu community in this region.
The Mansehra Shiv Temple is one of the oldest still in existence and use, in Pakistan, dating back at least 2000 years. In 1947-48, it was forcibly seized by some local ‘land mafia’ group i.e. people who were influential and well-connected and who illegally occupied local property of weaker folk (and the Hindu community that was still left here at Partition/Independence was especially weak and vulnerable) and and they also seald up the temple on this site, covering about an acre or more of land close to Chitti Gatti (lit. ‘White Stone’) village and quite close to Mansehra town. Thus, from c. 1948 to 2008 the Shiv temple here was sealed up and abandond and out of bounds to local or any other Hindus –needless to say, to soon fell into a very bad state of disrepair
This temple had seevral very significant and unusual features, including (a) the famous ‘Durga cave’ up on a hill beyond it, where there was a small cave with a lovely fresh water spring bubbling out of the ground, where ‘Yatris’ (religious pilgrims to the temple) would bathe and purify themselves and offer respects to the goddess Durga, before going down to the main Shiv temple; and (b) one of the oldest and biggest ‘Shiva Lingam’ idols anywhere in this region, inside a special little sanctum — that in fact precedes this old temple by at least 800 years.
This fine, old and historical temple was at last repossessed by our local Hindu community though the efforts of Mr Darshan LaL, son of Mr Sham Lal, who chairs the Hazara Shiv Temple Society (STS), and whose family have been custodians of various surviving Hindu shrines and properties here; and (at long last, after much furore) via the assistance of the Auqaf department of NWFP (now KP) and some Hindu members of the central/federal legislature, who were awakened to a realisation of the sheer antiquity and value of this unique temple. Over the last few years, now, the temple has been partially restored and is in use again,, happily– some 1.2 million Pakistani rupees have gone so far into this restoration process, largely on a ‘self-help basis’: the Hindu community from various parts of Pakistan donating about 70% of funds and labour, Hindu parliamentarians donating about 15% of funds from official federal sources and the balance being met by some 5-6 local (Muslim) ‘Khans’ or landowners, who remain sympathetic to our small Hindu community here and who, historically, have been hosts and supporters of the annual ‘Maha Shivaratri Puja’ festival here since the 19th century at least–I am happy to say that some of my own elders were also among these, and that we were also able to make a small contribution towards the restoration of this lovely temple.
The ‘Maha Shivaratri Puja’ festival here, devoted to the celebration of the nuptials of Lord Shiva (‘Mahadeva’) to the goddess Parvati (who is also the primordial Shakti/force) and in earlier times, this used to be a very very special festival here at this temple. Pilgrims used to come from all over (then) British India, especially large contingents from former Kashmir state and the Maharaja there used to make sizeable fiancial contributions for the temple’s upkeep and the hosting of pilgrims/annual visitors; and people from other places, as far away as Rajputana (Rajhistan), Dharamshala and Kangra, UP and Delhi, the Punjab, Sindh and other parts of the NWFP, all used to converge here for these festivities.
This annual festival is, once again taking place at this temple; with a proper ‘Pujari’ assisted by Mr Darshan Lal and the STS organisation here; and pilgrims and visitors are coming here again, albeit in modest numbers still, except for the local Hindus. This year, the Shiva festival was the biggest yet, celebrated between 19th and 20th February 2012, and with some (approx) 1500 Yatris. Unfortunately, because of lack of space — much of the temple’s adjoining land is still occupied by the ‘land mafia’ and litigation instituted by the Auqaf department to reclaim it still underway– housing and feeding them is not easy and once again, our local STS members have risen to the occasion, with some help from a few local Muslim landowners, including my own family, and this year, the ‘Maha Shivaratri Puja’ was the best one yet. An occasion of great solemnity and yet of great joy, hope and merriment (Pl see some of the photos below) and it was good to be able to help, by making arrangements for about 200 pilgrims (my contribution in terms of food, firewood, tents etc) ; and it has been very, very good indeed, seeing this ancient place once again resounding with the age-old chants and happy and worshipful voices.
For some of us, in these parts, raised with ideals of communal love and tolerance and in line with the dream of the Quaid i Azam (MA Jinnah)’s true Pakistan at heart, the revival of the Maha Shivaratri Puja in this old temple, is indeed a happy event. Yet, this dream, this vision is still truly far from any large-scale achievement and is also simultaneously under threat from the rise of an extremist, narrow-minded ‘Taliban’ style manifestation of Islam in this country. But we must acknowledge with admiration, the efforts and dedication of the Shiv Temple Society (STS) here, their bravery and hardwork–in particular we thank Mr Sham Lal and his sons, Mr Darshan Lal, Sajaan Lal and Ashok Lal, who have been the moving spirits behind this venture and who still put in so much effort to make everything a sucess and who are also the ones to very kindly share these photos with me. Long may they prosper, insha’Allah, and may e in our little corner of Pakistan achieve fulfilment of our aim of communal harmony and freedom.
Finally, and MOST IMPORTANTLY, please, all of you who read this blog– or share it with friends and well-wishers– do remember that the work on the Mansehra Shiv Temple is still going on; and they need funds, financial assistance and donations, and any help that anyone is willing to give or volunteer. The most important things that are required at this time are (a) funds to complete the temple complex and fully restore it and (b) provide some housing and shelter for pilgrims, who brave our harsh mountain winters to come here. A total (approx) amount of Pak Rs 1.0 million is direly needed for these works– about 11,000 US dollars or 7200 UK pounds sterling, not a very great amount. The STS and local Hindu community will be able to raise some of this money and some of us, with whatever limited resources we have, shall help them out as much as we can; and e will also try to convince the provincial and federal governments to make some donations; but we apprehend that substantial funds will still be needed. In addition to these please also seriously think about helping out with the annual Maha Shiva festivities, with your generous donations or whatever help in cash or kind you can make.
For further information, you can either make a post/query here and I shall try to respond asap; or write/email directly to the Shiv Temple Society (STS) which is a registered charity here, c/o Mr Saajan Lal at saajan_lal@yahoo.com . I would also like to take this opprtunity to thank some people abroad, who, on learning of the work being done by the STS out here, have come forth with material help recently– it is not possible to name all of these people, but special thanks accrue to Dr HP Gupta in the USA and Mr Sagar in the UK; and thanks, again, to all others who have been thoughtful enough to help and continue to help…. Post by Shahid Shabbir

‘In my city, Abbottabad, there are two functioning Christian churches, while not a single temple. Therefore, I was extremely surprised when I came to know about the Shiv Temple in Chitti Gatti – at a distance of about 15 kilometres from Mansehra – which is not only an emblem of Hindus’ survival in the area but also has immense historical importance.

The village of Chitti Gatti is nestled between swathes of fields and a river. The temple is elevated just besides the main Karakoram Highway. At first glance the building is a simple structure, and you can easily mistake it for a mosque (an attempt to avoid unwanted attention). However, it’s the interior of the temple that highlights its maintenance and houses the 3,000-year-old Shiva Lingam – the oldest in Pakistan and arguably one of the oldest Hindu structures in the whole region. It is a site held holy by many Hindus, which witnesses an annual festival at Shivraatri, around February, where a number of Hindus from Pakistan, as well as abroad, pay a pilgrimage.’

According to the quality of religious scriptures, water, one’s association with one’s children or with people in general, the particular place, the time, activities, birth, meditation, chanting of mantras, and purificatory rituals, the modes of nature become differently prominent.

It is common to use the term ‘Adrushta’ or Adrishta for Luck,especially in South India.

People use this term when something,auspicious/good happens to them,which they did not expect.

This is incorrect.

Adrishta is not Luck.

Nothing in the Universe,according to Hinduism,without a Cause or Reason.

The term Adrushta means ‘unseen,unexplained’

‘The Sanskrit term, Adrishta (Sanskrit: अदृष्ट), as an adjective means – not seen, unseen, unobserved, unforeseen, unknown, invisible, unexpected, not experienced, destiny, fate, luck, not permitted or sanctioned, illegal, virtue or vice as the eventual cause of pleasure or pain.In Hindu philosophy it refers to the unseen force, and the invisible results of works which accrue to a person; it refers to the Doctrine of Apurva.’

The term Adhrushta has been used colloquially to denote some thing which one can not understand or explain.

When we act or plan,we expect some specific results,though, at times,we might not be aware of some other results that are possible.

We become surprised when the results of our action produces an efffect we have not anticipated.

It that happens to our advantage or benefit,we call it Adrushta.

If the result is unfavourable or disagreeable to us, we call it Destiny,usually in its negative connotation.

Not correct.

Every action we perform gets results.

When we perform an action,we are only a part of the Causes that make the results.

There are other Causes facilitating the completion of the Act.

These Causes also determine the Effect.

We anticipate results based only on our actions and do not take these factors into consideration.

Moreover,there are infinite number of choices for embarking upon an action.

But ,the Choices available to us are limited at any given point of time.

We make choices out of what is available to us as we are not aware of other choices.

In Mimamsa system of Indian Philosophy,Adrushta is the invisible result of a ritual that accrues to a person.

In Vaiseshika school of Thought,Adrushta is the equally invisible negative karmic accrual, as the unknown quality of things and of the soul, and brings about the cosmic order and arranges for soul according to their merits or demerits.Adrishta is all the elements which are not known and verified with the help of the five senses, and which can be realized through mind, intelligence and soul.

However Brahma Sutras do not accept even this.

As they believe in one Reality ,Brahman,they disprove Vaiseshika theory thus.

‘

उभयथापि न कर्मातस्तदभावः | (Brahma Sutras II.ii.12)

“In either case (viz the Adrishta, the unseen principle, inhering either in the atoms or in the soul) the activity (of the atoms) is not (possible), therefore the negation of that (viz of creation through the combination of atoms).

Patanjali in his Yoga Sutra says,

क्लेशमूलः कर्माशयो दृष्टादृष्टजन्मवेदनीयः (Yoga Sutras II.12)

that obstacles are the breeding ground for tendencies that give rise to actions and the consequences thereof; such obstacles are experienced as visible and invisible obstacles.Swami Prabhavananda translates this sutra as – “A man’s latent tendencies have been created by his past thoughts and actions; these tendencies will bear fruits, both in this life and in lives to come.”

That is some of the obstacles one encounters in Yoga Sadhana , are due to causes invisible and that is Adrushta.

Like this:

According to Advanced Geology,Cosmology and Astronomy, the Universe is Cyclic.

That is, the events ,both terrestrial and celestial happen in a Cyclc order, that is happen again over and over .

This happens over last stretches of Time.

That is in Millions of Years Ga.

So is Time,as Space and Time are inter changeable and Space is curved as also Time.

Both are beyond Time, that is immeasurable.

Space is Time and Tume is Space.

Please read my articles on Space, Time.

Hinduism, through the Vedas, the Scripture of Hindus and Puranas, ancient History of Hindus assert these facts.

Pangea Super Continent 250 million years from now.

The First Super Continent Pangaea, 250 million years ago.

Now Time as Cyclic has been validated by Quantum Theory.

As to The Concept that physical events happen in cycles is validated buy Super Continental Cycles Theory.

The Puranas, especially the Vishnu and Brahmanapurana describe the same details- in fact with more detail and clarity.

The Super Continental Cycle Theory states that the first landmass was Pangea and after undergoing several changes,including the present landmass will once again form Pangea.

And this Cycle will be repeated.

Super Continental Cycle.

‘During Earth’s long history, there probably have been several Pangea-like supercontinents. The oldest of those supercontinents is called Rodinia and was formed during Precambrian time some one billion years ago. Another Pangea-like supercontinent, Pannotia, was assembled 600 million years ago, at the end of the Precambrian. Present-day plate motions are bringing the continents together once again. Africa has begun to collide with southern Europe, and the Australian Plate is now colliding with Southeast Asia. Within the next 250 million years, Africa and the Americas will merge with Eurasia to form a supercontinent that approaches Pangean proportions. The episodic assembly of the world’s landmasses has been called the supercontinent cycle or, in honour of Wegener, the Wegenerian cycle (seeplate tectonics: Supercontinent cycle)…..

Recycling of Earth,Vishnu Purana.

‘passages as the following as intending the production of the chief principle (Pradhána). “There was neither day nor night, nor sky nor earth, nor darkness nor light, nor any other thing, save only One, unapprehensible by intellect, or That which is Brahma and Pumán (spirit) and Pradhána (matter) ” The two forms which are other than the essence of unmodified Vishńu, are Pradhána (matter) and Purusha (spirit); and his other form, by which those two are connected or separated, is called Kála (time) .When discrete substance is aggregated in crude nature, as in a foregone dissolution, that dissolution is termed elemental (Prákrita). The deity as Time is without beginning, and his end is not known; and from him the revolutions of creation, continuance, and dissolution unintermittingly succeed: for when, in the latter season, the equilibrium of the qualities (Pradhána) exists, and spirit (Pumán) is detached from matter, then the form of Vishńu which is Time abides ‘ ( Vishnu Purana ,Canto 1,Chapter 2)

When one reads ancient indian Texts, the eighteen puranas and the Two Ithihasaa Ramayana and Mahabharatha in conjunction with Geology and Plate,Tectonics, one is struck by the accuracy of Indians.

Formation of Pangea Super Continent and Himalayas by Geology, Plate-tectonics.

‘The first oceans formed from the breakup, some 180 million years ago, were the central Atlantic Ocean between northwestern Africa and North America and the southwestern Indian Ocean between Africa and Antarctica. The South Atlantic Ocean opened about 140 million years ago as Africa separated from South America. About the same time, India separated from Antarctica and Australia, forming the central Indian Ocean. Finally, about 80 million years ago, North America separated from Europe, Australia began to rift away from Antarctica, and India broke away from Madagascar. India eventually collided with Eurasia approximately 50 million years ago, forming the Himalayas., not to speak of the Four Vedas which are earlier to these in conjunction with Geology and Pkate tectonics one will be amazed at the results.’

All these texts mention Himalayas, among other things geological.

Himalayas are described as The Abode of Lord Shiva, Daksha Prajapathi , the route taken by the Pandavas in the Mahabharatha en route to Heaven.

I have cited only a couple of facts about Himalayas.

If Himalayas are mentioned in these texts, then Himalayas must have existed before the period of these texts .

When was Himalayas formed?

Geological and Plate-Tectonics prove that there was a first Super Continent Pangea , which was surrounded by a body of water called Panthalassa.

​
Please read my articles on Pangea, Rodina Super Continents.

Valmiki Describes Panthalasa in Balakanda of Ramayana.

‘Now I am providing the description/reference of Pangea,which is also called as Panthalassa, from the Bala Kanda of Valmiki Ramayana.

” ‘Oh, sons, let each prince advance searching one square yojana of earth, by my order you dig up the earth until the appearance of the horse, while searching for the stealer of that horse. [1-39-14b, 15]

“Oh, Rama, the legatee of Raghu’s dynasty, thus sixty thousand square yojana-s of the earth is dug over, so as to make the earth’s outermost plane as the unsurpassed rasaa tala, the sixth subterranean and the nethermost plane. [1-39-21]

Now this Pangea Super Continent broke up into other continents before finally becoming the Continents we have at present.

It is estimated that Pangea was formed between 290 and 270 million years ago.
Pangea was surrounded by a global ocean called Panthalassa, and it was fully assembled by the Early Permian Period (some 299 million to 272 million years ago). The supercontinent began to break apart about 200 million years ago, during the Early Jurassic Period (201 million to 174 million years ago), eventually forming the modern continents and the Atlantic and Indian oceans. Pangea’s existence was first proposed in 1912 by German meteorologist Alfred Wegener as a part of his theory of continental drift. Its name is derived from the Greek pangaia, meaning “all the Earth.”

The Himalayas was formed , during the process of Continents being formed, around 50 million years ago!

And Ramayna describes accurately the formation of Not only Himalayas ,but the First Super Continent,Pangea.

No other world text does this.

So it will be logical to suggest that the Puranas ,by virtue of the details of the formation of these, are older to Ramayana.

Is it possible that Puranas were complied immediately after the Formation of Pangea?

Or atleast 50 million years ago,the time when Himalayas was formed?

No doubt people could have written on these events much later.

Yet the wealth of details in these texts being validated by sciences,one by one,makes me wonder if these texts are as old as they declare themselves to be,

Million years old!

Please read my articles on Million year old Tamil site near Chennai.Million year Tamil quotes Vedas they quote Tamil,Poompuhar pushes Tamil date to 30,000 years back.

And we have Lemuria/Kumarikandam to contend with.

And it is 250 million years old!

This article is first in the series ‘Impossible is Probable, Hinduism,Tamil’

Under a notification, titled the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Regulation of Livestock Markets) Rules, 2017, those who wish to sell cattle — bulls, cows, buffaloes, steers, heifers and camels — may do so only after they formally state that the animals have not been “brought to the market for sale for slaughter”.

Verification of buyers

At the same time, buyers of cattle at animal markets will have to verify they are agriculturalists and declare that they will not sell the animal/s for a period of six months from the date of purchase.

The rules, notified by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change on May 23, demand that buyers “follow the State cattle protection and preservation laws” and “not sacrifice the animal for any religious purpose”. They also prohibit cattle purchased from animal markets being sold outside the State, without permission.

Monitoring committees at the State and district levels will be set up to implement the rules and monitor the functioning of animal markets. Such markets will be identified and registered; any new market that is set up will need the approval of the District Animal Market Monitoring Committee, which will be chaired by the Collector or District Magistrate.

To inhibit smuggling, animal markets may not function within 25 kilometres of a State border and 50 kilometres of an international border.

The notification banning the sale of cattle for slaughter at animal markets under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Regulation of Livestock Markets) Rules, 2017, issued on Friday follows a Supreme Court directive to the government to form an inter-ministerial committee to recommend ways of preventing cattle smuggling.

The SC directive itself was in response to a 2014 writ petition by Gauri Mulekhi of People for Animals.

The committee recommended, among other things, rules to be framed under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act 1960 to regulate livestock markets.’

Like this:

I have been researching India,its History,Sanatana Dharma,Hinduism for the past eight years.

I have been referring Indian texts in Sanskrit,Tamil and English (these languages I know a bit).

My search was triggerred by anamolies in Indian History and culture in the prescribed text books.

‘Considering these facts,( I have written detailed articles on each point mentioned here),I have been pursuing my studies and I am stuck with some startling, seemingly improbable facts.

Nothing is Improbable because I do not understand it,

Nothing is Improbable, Arthur Conan Doyle Quote in Sherlock Holme.

This might shock some.

I shall be writing a series with evidence on some of my conclusions, which might border on Wild imagination to plain Crazy!

So the idea that One could see the world with a small device in one’s palm and communicate.!’

When checked with resources from ancient Indian texts,foreign literarure not being referred to in our curricula,archaeology,Astronomy,Astro-archeaology,Philology,Linguistics,Racial theories,Geology, and the past cultures of the world and their religion and legends,I found,

Bharatvarsha existed as explained in Indian Texts,

The events, characters are real,

Bharatvarsha extended throughout the world,

Rama and Krishna were real.

Rama’s name is found in Kings List of Sumeria, along with Dasaratha and Bharatha.

Rama is referred to in Atlantis Legends.

Rama Tribe is found in Africa.

Ramas Chapel in Iraq.

Egyptian Pharoahs wore Vaishnav marks on thier body.

Australian Aborigines perform Shiva Trinetra Dance even today.

Ancient Tamil is spoken ,even now in Cameroon.

Hindu thoughts were prevalent in Greece much before the arrival of Alexander to India.

Pillars of Herules was dedicated to Krishna.

Krishna Balarama and Shiva were worshipped in ancient Greece.

Tamil Siddha Bhogar is found in Sooth America.

Agastya is found New Zealand.

Rig Veda was compiled in the Arctic.

Pradhyumna, son of Lord Krishna founded the Port city Port Barzhyn in Russia.

Russia has Vedas called Perun,Perun Santis and they were nine in number.

Siberians worship Ayur Devathas of Hinduism even today.

Lake Baikal was Indra’s Amravathi.

Kaikeyi was born in Russia.

Russian language is very close to Sanskrit.

Saptha Rivers, that is seven rivers as explained in Indian Texts are found in Russia.

Yagnyavalka, the Sage who gave Shukla Yajur Veda lived in Russia.

Caspian Sea was Kashyap Sagar.

River Danube was name after Dhan, mother of Dhanavas.

Rig Vedic Mandala city is found in Arkaim, Russia.

Russia was calle Sthree( Women) Varsha and was a Republic.

Petra Jordan Has a Shiva Temple.

Arabia was Aravasthan.

King Vikramaditya ruled the region.

His edict is found in Kaaba.

Muhammad’s Uncle wrote Siva Stuthi.

Shiva Linga is in Meccan and Islam follows Vedic rituals at Kaaba.

Ancient Arabians followed Tamil customs.

Tamil kings extended their kingdoms to middle and far east.

Cilappadikaram Nedunchezhiyan ,Pandya King was called Nebuchadnezzar I.

People do not look beyond what has been noted by the Western writers and that too what is prescribed to be read by our erstwhile British colonists and the pseudo secularists,who,in the garb of Intellectuals,name given to them by themselves advocate misinformation.

When you look at history from architectural remains,archeology and references in world literature,you would find that the present date of Neolithic,Paleolithic and other age stretch farther back in time than what has been assigned to them.

Shall be writing on these anamolies with evidence.

Thanks to Internet, one can delve deep and find information.

To human presence in the world.

I have written quite a few articles proving that the First human was from India and how the people have migrated from here to other parts of the world.

In fact, there were no other parts,it was only Bharatavarsha.

Please read my articles on Bharatavarsha and Hinduism for details.

Science has advanced.

We now have Archeo-astronomy,that studies archaeology with astronomy,Linguistics as a Science,and archeogenetics.

These tools have helped in identifying the migration of peoples and the cultural and linguistic mother of present peoples ,language and culture.

The languages ,which the west consider as ancient,like Latin,Greek,the cultures like Mynecian,Siberian,Hitties and Anatolian are from India.

During prehistoric times,there was a common language and culture from which all other cultures sprang from.

English: A map showing the approximate present-day distribution of the Indo-European branches within their homelands of Europe and Asia. The following legend is given in the chronological order of the earliest surviving written attestations of each branch:

Dotted/striped areas indicate where multilingualism is common (more visible upon full enlargement of the map).

The people were also classified as such and they lived in Eurasia,comprising of present Asia and Europe.

The root of their languages were either Sanskrit or Tamil.

Most of them belong to Indo Iranian language,which is from Sanskrit,Brahmi,Prakrit from India.

Their Cultural practices were from Sanatana Dharma/Tamis.

The concept of Cow Worship,Shiva,Sky God is found.

Their land division is akin to Tamils Division of Land.

The Tamils classified regions into five.

Kurinji,mountainous terrain,

Marutham,Agricultural,

Mullai,Pastoral,

Neydhal,Seashore and

Deser regions.

Curiously,Snow region is missing.

This is because the,Tamil land Kumari Kandam was located below the Vindhya Ranges in India and extended to Antarctica.

The land of MU formed its periphery.

Even then no Ice!

Only Ocean!

More of this in a later article.

The land divisions,the evolution of world cultures,language forces me to postulate that th the people of the world were indeed from Bharatavarsha,India.

‘TheIndo-European languagesare alanguage familyof several hundred relatedlanguages and dialects. There are about 445 living Indo-European languages, according to the estimate byEthnologue, with over two-thirds (313) of them belonging to theIndo-Iranian branch.The most widely spoken Indo-European languages by native speakers areSpanish,English,Hindustani(HindiandUrdu),Portuguese,Bengali,Russian, andPunjabi, each with over 100 million speakers, withGerman,FrenchandPersianalso having significant numbers. Today, about 46% of the human population speaks an Indo-European language as a first language, by far the highest of any language family.

The Indo-European family includes most of the modern languages of Europe – with the notable exceptions of Altaic languages such as Turkish and Azeri; of Uralic languages such as Hungarian, Finnish, Estonian, and others spoken in parts of Russia; and of the language isolate Basque. The Indo-European family is also represented in Western, Central, and South Asia. It was also predominant in ancient Anatolia (present-day Turkey), the ancient Tarim Basin (present-day Northwest China) and most of Central Asia until the medieval Turkic and Mongol invasions. With written evidence appearing since the Bronze Age in the form of the Anatolian languages and Mycenaean Greek, the Indo-European family is significant to the field of historical linguistics as possessing the second-longest recorded history, after the Afroasiatic family, although certain language isolates, such as Sumerian, Elamite, Hurrian, Hattian and Kassite are recorded earlier.

All Indo-European languages are descendants of a single prehistoric language, reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European, spoken sometime in the Neolithic era. Although no written records remain, aspects of the culture and religion of the Proto-Indo-European people can also be reconstructed from the related cultures of ancient and modern Indo-European speakers who continue to live in areas to where the Proto-Indo-Europeans migrated from their original homeland. Several disputed proposals link Indo-European to other major language families.’

Lemuria From North to South .Vindhyas to Then Madurai(near New Zealand)

Population of Lemuria.

64 Million

(James Churchwad.)

Lands in Lemuria.
Elu teñku natu (“Seven coconut lands”)

Elu Maturai natu (“Seven mango lands”)

Elu munpalai natu (“Seven front sandy lands”)

Elu pinpalai natu (“Seven back sandy lands”)

Elu kunra natu (“Seven hilly lands”)

Elu kunakarai natu (“Seven coastal lands”)

Elu kurumpanai natu (“Seven dwarf-palm lands”)’ –

-Adiyarrkku Nallar in commentary on Silappadikaram.

Lemuria, Timeline.

200,000 to 50,000 BC: evolution of “the Tamilian or Homo Dravida”,ca. 200,000 to 100,000 BC: beginnings of the Tamil language50,000 BC: Kumari Kandam civilisation20,000 BC: A lost Tamil culture of the Easter Island which had an advanced civilisation16,000 BC: Lemuria submerged6087 BC: Second Tamil Sangam established by a Pandya king3031 BC: A Chera prince in his wanderings in the Solomon Island saw wild sugarcane and started cultivation in Tamilnadu.1780 BC: The Third Tamil Sangam established by a Pandya king7th century BC: Tolkappiyam (the earliest extant Tamil grammer)…

-Tamil Etymological Dictionary Project,Govt. Of Tamil Nadu.

Tamil Sangam Literature.

Ettuththogai-Eight Works

Pathuppattu-Ten Works.

Pathinen Melkanakku-Eighteen Works

Pathinen Keezhkkanakku-Eighteen Works.

These belong to Sangam Period.,possibly the Third Sangam

Agathiyam,First Sangam- Lost

Tholkaapiyam ,oldest available work is dated 865 BC

Lemuria,Proof.

1.Naan Madol Ruins in Federated States of Micronesia,Western Pacific.
2.Poompuhar

An old port Poompuhar, mentioned in early Tamil Classics, especially in detail in the Silappadikaram, has been found and it reveals a Man made Port of 11000 Years!
3.Attirampakkam site

Stone Age Site 60 km from,Chennai

One hundred and fifty years ago, on May 30, 1863, young geologist Robert Bruce Foote bent down and picked up a stone tool on the Parade Ground at Pallavaram cantonment, near Chennai. It turned out to be an epochal discovery. Foote’s discovery revolutionised the study of India’s pre-history.

Attirampakkam (13°13′50″N, 79°53′20″E, 38.35 m a.s.l), is an open-air Palaeolithic site situated near a meandering tributary stream of the river Kortallaiyar, northwest of Chennai.

4.Perunchotru Udiyan Neduncheralaathan Provided food Mahabharata War.

Malayathwaja Pandya,Madurai Meenakshi’s father took part in the War.

Krishna Married a Pandyan Princess,had a daughter.

Balarama worshiped Murugan.

Satyavrata Manu,Rama’s ancestor, was a Dravida King.

Sibi,ancestor of Rama built a Vishnu Temple,Thiruvellarai,near Srirangam.

7.Lemuria, one of the world’s oldest civilizations, about 2.5 lakh years ago, in Indonesia. Hence, Lemuria and Kumari Kandam, which existed in southern part of India, are different lands.

(Frank Joseph, Secretary for Ancient American Association, in his book “The Lost Civilization of Lemuria”, )

8.It was only during the final days of Atlantis that the Lemurians broke these seals and thus saved many surface dwellers from certain death. These people formed a society that subsequently returned for a time to the surface and became the Rama Empire situated in Southern Asia. Then the Great Flood of 8,000 BC ended this attempt to save humanity from the dark ways of the Anunnaki. (Atlantis Legend)

The points mentioned are explained in detail in the site, Category ,Tamils.

I shall locate them and share as, as usual I forgot.

This was what I intended to speak.

Question: Who here can remember the name of their great, great

grandfather?

Glory of Tamil Language

1) A language which is so structured that the sounds of the alphabet

are reflected in its very name – Tamil

2) Complex and Noble thoughts – 7 words – Tirukural. Long poetic

story in 1 sentence without full stop – Silapadikaram

3) Helps you think clearly and express precisely – because of its

mathematically oriented grammatic structure (Short example)

4) Ranked on par with Sanskrit – Evolved to grammatical precision

over 1,50,000 years

Where did this language come from? My research has revealed

that it comes from a lost continent – a continent called Kumari

Kandam.

(Describing geography and size of Kumari Kandam)

1) Kumari Kandam – Named after Kanyakumari

2) It was immense having a land mass of 34 million square miles –

approximately 29 times the size of present India. And it had a

population of 64 million.

3) It extended to Newzealand, spain etc.

4) Traces of Lemuria can be found even today – Agastya in New

Zealand, Shiva dance in Australia, Boomerang as an ancient

weapon.

5) So diverse – It was divided into 7 groups of 7 each, totalling 49

territories – Mango land, coconut land etc

6) And there was something special about those territories –

Question to audience – How many here have family deities –

please raise hand. Actually very ancient custom – In Kumari

Kantam they assigned different Gods to different lands.

What kind of a society did they have?

Very intricate and elaborate society structure. For instance, lets take

marriage – how many types of marriage do we have today? I would say

3 types – Arranges, Love and Elopment/Running Away.

In Kumari Kantam they had 7 types of marriage… What happened to this society?

‘The Angles (Latin: Anglii) were one of the main Germanic peoples who settled in Great Britain in the post-Roman period. They founded several of the kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England, and their name is the root of the name England. The name comes from the district of Angeln, an area located on the Baltic shore of what is now Schleswig-Holstein.’

4. To the view that the English are from Germanic tribes,the German tribes were from India and River Danube is named after Danu.

4.The term for land,location in Sanskrit is ‘Sthan’

5.One can find Afghanisthan,Kryghisthan……

6.Englaland,England,land of Angels is from Englastan.

7.’the name ‘Balt’. ‘Balt’ is said to derive from the name of the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea was known as Mare Suebicum or Mare Sarmaticum up until 11th century. Tacitus, a Roman historian of the 1st century, in his work ‘Agricola and Germania’, dated to 98 AD, stated that Mare Suebicum was named for the Suebi or Suevi tribe (Suevi translates as ‘our own people’ in the Baltic culture) – a large group of people who lived in Germania that were first mentioned by Julius Caesar. Etymologists trace the name Suevi from the Indo-European root ‘swe’, which is the same as the Sanskrit ‘sva’ (स्व) meaning ‘self’.

Even when the Russians, Poles and others finally accepted Christianity about a 1000 years ago, the Balts retained their pagan religion called Romuva for another four centuries. The Romuvans were fire-worshippers and kept their sacred eternal fire burning in the pagan temple in Vilnius. People still worshipped Perkunas, the Romuvan ‘god of rain & thunder’, who it is said is none other than the Vedic Parjanya, another name for Lord Indra. Parjanya (पर्जन्य) also has the meaning of ‘rain-cloud’ in Sanskrit.’

While the rationalists,whom I consider to be a species who are convinced that they know everything and what they do not know /understand does not exist, consider the Panchagavya as Psudeo Science,patent has been issued for Cow Products and it is being sold.

Panchagavya Patent Details.

‘ABSTRACT

A pharmaceutical composition comprising an antibiotic and cow urine distillate in an amount effective to enhance antimicrobial effect of the antibiotic is disclosed. The antibiotic can be an antifungal agent. The antibiotic can be a quinolone or a fluoroquinolone. The antifungal agent can be azoles, clotrimazole, mystatin or amphotericin.

Panchagavya, an organic product has the potential to play the role of promoting growth and providing immunity in plant system. Panchagavya consists of nine products viz. cow dung, cow urine, milk, curd, jaggery, ghee, banana, Tender coconut and water. When suitably mixed and used, these have miraculous effects.

Cow dung – 7 kg

Cow ghee – 1 kg

Mix the above two ingredients thoroughly both in morning and evening hours and keep it for 3 days

Cow Urine – 10 liters

Water – 10 liters

After 3 days mix cow urine and water and keep it for 15 days with regular mixing both in morning and evening hours. After 15 days mix the following and panchagavya will be ready after 30 days.

Cow milk – 3 liters

Cow curd – 2 liters

Tender coconut water – 3 liters

Jaggery – 3 kg

Well ripened poovan banana – 12 nos.

All the above items can be added to a wide mouthed mud pot, concrete tank or plastic can as per the above order. The container should be kept open under shade. The content is to be stirred twice a day both in morning and evening. The Panchagavya stock solution will be ready after 30 days. (Care should be taken not to mix buffalo products. The products of local breeds of cow is said to have potency than exotic breeds). It should be kept in the shade and covered with a wire mesh or plastic mosquito net to prevent houseflies from laying eggs and the formation of maggots in the solution. If sugarcane juice is not available add 500 g of jaggery dissolved in 3 liter of water.

The cow dung and ghee are thoroughly mixed in the morning and evening, and kept for 3 days. After setting, it is mixed regularly for another 15 days, and then added to the other ingredients, and left to sit for another 30 days. Panchagavya is stored in a wide-mouthed earthen pot or concrete tank in open. Sufficient shade is usually provided. It is sometimes diluted before use.

That the information found in the Purans and the Ithihasas of Indians,is not a figment of someone’s imagination or Poetic Hyperbole,I have found during the course of my research for the past eight years on Indian texts by checking the information with modern science,like Physics,Chemistry,Geology,Archeology,Astronomy,Carbon Dating and cross referencing the information with the ancient civilizations of the world,their literature ,religious and cultural practices,legends and Etymology.

Pangaea,Super continent described in the Ramayana.

I also cross checked with the ancient texts in Tamil.

I am yet to come across information which is untrue.

I have written on the Super Continents of Rodina,Pangea and how they validate the Hindu texts.

‘This is the latest version of the time scale, as revised and published in 2012.

ERA

PERIOD

EPOCH

START/END

ARCHAEAN

4.56 – 2.5 BILLION YEARS AGO

Proterozoic

2.5 billion – 541 million years ago

Palaeozoic

Cambrian

541 – 485 million years ago

Ordovician

485 – 444 million years ago

Silurian

444 – 419 million years ago

Devonian

419 – 359 million years ago

Carboniferous

359 – 298 million years ago

Permian

298 – 252 million years ago

Mesozoic

Triassic

252 – 201 million years ago

Jurassic

201 – 145 million years ago

Cretaceous

145 – 65 million years ago

Cenozoic

Palaeocene

66 – 56 million years ago

Eocene

56 – 34 million years ago

Oligocene

34 – 23 million years ago

Miocene

23 – 5.3 million years ago

Pliocene

5.3 -2.6 million years ago

Quaternary

Pleistocene

2.6 million -10,000 years ago

Holocene

10,000 years ago to the present

There were Nine prehistorical Super continents an i have ritten on Gondswana, Rodinia Laurasia and Ur.

Ur (~3 Ga ago). Classified as the earliest known landmass. Ur, however, was probably the largest, perhaps even the only continent three billion years ago. While probably not a supercontinent, one can argue that Ur was a supercontinent for its time, even if it was smaller than Australia is today. Still, an older rock formation now in Greenland dates back from Hadean times.’

” ‘Oh, sons, let each prince advance searching one square yojana of earth, by my order you dig up the earth until the appearance of the horse, while searching for the stealer of that horse. [1-39-14b, 15]

“Oh, Rama, the legatee of Raghu’s dynasty, thus sixty thousand square yojana-s of the earth is dug over, so as to make the earth’s outermost plane as the unsurpassed rasaa tala, the sixth subterranean and the nethermost plane. [1-39-21]

Soma Bana,a drink used by ancient Indians during Rituals is an intoxicating drink.

Attempts have been made to differentiate between SomaBana and Sura Bana,by saying while Soma Bana is not intoxicating,while the Sura Bana is intoxicating.

This,to me ,seems an attempt to portray that ancient Indians did not use intoxicants .

This is not correct.

‘

In the Vedas, the same word (soma) is used for the drink, the plant, and its deity. Drinking soma produces immortality (Amrita, Rigveda 8.48.3). Indra and Agni are portrayed as consuming soma in copious quantities. The consumption of soma by human beings is well attested in Vedic ritual.

The Rigveda (8.48.3) says:

a ápāma sómam amŕtā abhūmâganma jyótir ávidāma devân

c kíṃ nūnám asmân kṛṇavad árātiḥ kím u dhūrtír amṛta mártyasya

Ralph T.H. Griffith translates this as:

We have drunk soma and become immortal; we have attained the light, the Gods discovered.

Now what may foeman’s malice do to harm us? What, O Immortal, mortal man’s deception?

kíṃ nūnám asmân kṛṇavad árātiḥ (in this situation, what our internal enemy can do to me)

kím u dhūrtír amṛta mártyasya (god, what even violent people can do to me)’

Be that as it may,evidence has been forthcoming there was such a drink and it was used by Zorastrians and Hindus in Rituals.

‘

Soma (Sanskrit: soma) or haoma (Avestan), which is a corruption of the sanskrit word soma, was a Vedic ritual drink[1] of importance among the early Indians. It is mentioned in the Rigveda, particularly in the Soma Mandala. In the Avestan literature, haoma has the entire Yasht 20 and Yasna 9-11 dedicated to it.’

Scientists from the Russian Academy of Sciences have found archeological evidence that Soma Bana was used indeed by both ancient Indians and Persians.
And they have deduced that the Som Drink was prepared from Mushrooms.
‘

One of the most mysterious drinks in the history of tipple is Soma – a drink of ritual importance to the ancient Indians. Drinking Soma was supposed to confer immortality, with the two leading gods Indra and Agni portrayed as consuming it in copious quantities.

The consumption of Soma by ordinary humans is attested in Vedic ritual. The Rig Veda, which was composed more than 5000 year ago, says: “We drank soma, we became immortal, we came to the light, we found gods.” The Iranians call it Hoama in the sacred Avesta…

Although the descendants of the ancient Hindus and Zoroastrians continue to perform their age-old rituals, the identity of the plant from which Soma was extracted or fermented was lost.

Non-psychoactive substitutes came to be used in place of the elusive Soma. Over the past 200 years, a number of candidates have been put forward, including cannabis, rhubarb, ginseng, opium and wild chicory….

Russian archaeologists may have solved the puzzle. In 2009, while digging at a deep burial chamber in the forests of Mongolia, a Russian-Mongolian expedition from the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) discovered embroidered woollen textiles dating back two millennia.

Russia and India.u

Although the archaeologists’ work is not yet complete, the first fragments restored have revealed some stunning facts. The fragments of the textile found were parts of a carpet composed of several cloths of dark-red woollen fabric.

It had made quite a journey – the cloth was spun in Syria or Palestine, embroidered in north-western India and ended up in Mongolia. The discovery is nothing less than miraculous because of its improbability.

Natalia V. Polosmak, Chief Researcher, SB RAS, writes: “Finding it 2000 years later is a pure chance; its amazingly good condition is almost a miracle. How it made its way to the grave of a person it was not meant for will long, if not forever, remain a mystery.”

The embroidery depicts an ancient Zoroastrian ceremony centred around a mushroom. In the middle of the composition, to the left of the altar is the king or priest, who is dressed in a smart, long embroidered kaftan gaping open at the bottom. He is focused on the mushroom in his hands.

Polosmak says the “divine mushroom” resembles the well-known psychoactive species psilocybe cubensis. “The weight of evidence suggests that soma, the ancient ritual drink, has been prepared from the mushrooms of family strophariaceae which contains the unique nervous system stimulator psilocybin.”

All researchers agree that ancient Indians and Iranians used for cult purposes a drink containing a psychoactive substance. The debate is about the identity of the drink and how it affected the consciousness of those who consumed it.’

Though there are other plants from which the Soma Drink is believed to have been extracted,the Mushroom seems to be the best candidate.

However, I found it difficult to find the Landmass being mentioned as Jambudveepa in Foreign texts.

The reason is that only Sanatana Dharma was present during those ancient times and hence tgerecwas nothing foreign to Sanatana Dharma.

However,with a little bit of effort and on the ground that Jainism and Buddhism sprang from India and came later to Sanatana Dharma,they are also ancient and that Jain and Buddhists texts should have a reference to Jambudveepa,I searched and have been able to find the landmass where Bharatvarsha is located,being referred tovas Jambu Dvipa,from an unexpected source.

China!

China’s past is shrouded in mystery though the Chinese were referred to in the Mahabharata as Chin and were called as Mikeechchas,those who do not follow Vedic tenets,some interpret tgis term as Barbarians.

A wooden tablet belonging to 13th century and another Map of around 12th Century name Jamu Dvipa as the land of Hindus,who preceded Buddhism and was called thus during the period mentioned,12/13 th Century.

Here is the excerpt.

‘TheFozu tongjichronicles the history of Buddhism from 581 to 960 CE, and follows the format of Chinese official histories, including Imperial annals (benji本紀), genealogies (shijia世家), biographies (liezhuanজ傳), tables (biao表), and monographs/treatises (zhi志).5It was written by the Song Buddhist monk and scholar Zhipan 志磐, and published in woodblock form between 1265 and 1270. Thirty-six of the original fifty-four sewn chapters (juan卷) survive; these chapters cover general Buddhist knowledge as well as the doctrines of the Tiantai school (Tiantai zong天台宗), one of the most important schools of Buddhism in China and East Asia at large. Zhipan compiled the text seeking to justify the authenticity of Tiantai against the Chan school (chanzong禪宗), a growing rival.6Chapters 31 and 32 of theFozu tongji, entitled “Shijie mingti zhi” 世界名體志 (An Account of Places and Shape of the World),includes eleven maps as a supplement to the text. Chapter 31 discusses the total image and structure of the Buddhist universe, starting with a description of the greater universe and ultimately focusing on the imaginary Mount Meru (chin. Xumi shan 須彌山), the place where Jambudvīpa7(chin. Zhanbu zhou 瞻部洲), the world of human beings, lies.8The set includes five pictorial maps that illustrate narrative descriptions of Buddhist cosmology, among which “Sanqian daqian shijie tu” 三千大千世界圖 (Map of the Entire Universe) depicts Mount Meru and Jambudvīpa to the south (See Fig. 2).9

Chapter 32 discusses the sensory world and a brief history of China and foreign countries, and includes six maps. Three of the maps, among them “Dong zhendan dili tu”, are geographic maps of the world of the living (which we will discuss below), presented as Jambudvīpa.

Two geographical maps emphasize parts of Jambudvīpa outside China, demonstrating that Buddhist authors held more interest in envisioning territories beyond China than did contemporary Chinese authors. “Han xiyu zhuguo tu” 漢西域諸國圖 (Map of the States in the Western Regions during the Han Dynasty) charts the western regions known to the Chinese during the Han period (see Fig. 3),11 while “Xitu wuyin zhi tu” 西土五印之圖 (Map of the Five Indian States in the West) plots the sites in Central Asia and India visited by the famous Tang-dynasty Buddhist monk Xuanzang 玄奘 (c. 602/603–664) during his nineteen-year pilgrimage to India in the mid-seventh century (see Fig. 4).12

Zhipan (or the real cartographer of the map) drew the above-mentioned maps based on earlier texts, like “Han xiyu zhuguo tu” and Da Tang xiyou ji 大唐西域記 (The Great Tang Records on the Western Regions), for each map.13 The locations of countries are relatively accurate compared to the written sources. “Xitu wuyin zhi tu” shows the Buddhist author’s direct interest in the original land of his religion, India (chin. Tianzhu 天竺).14 Although it clearly bears realistic information about places names and their location in India and surrounding countries, the map is nonetheless drawn from a Buddhist perspective. At an approximate center of the map lies the lake called Anavatapta, which is located at the center of Jambudvīpa (chin. Zhanbu zhou 瞻部洲), the world where human beings live according to Buddhist tradition.’

Elsewhere in the Valmiki Ramayana, Sundara-Kanda (or Book 5), Chapter 27, verses12, an ogress named Trijata has a dream of Lord Rama, which she describes to the other demoniac ogresses upon awakening. In that dream she sees Rama, scion of Raghu, united again with Sita. Sri Rama was mounted on a huge elephant, closely resembling a hill, with four tusks.

(The question is how could there be a mention of the elephants with four tusks unless Valmiki and the people of his era were familiar with such creatures? A quick search on the Encarta Encyclopedia will let us know that these four-tusked elephants were known as Mastodontoidea, which are said to have evolved around 38 million years ago and became extinct about 15 million years ago when the shaggy and two tusked Mastodons increased in population.”)

Valmiki does not lie.

His facts check out in Geographical descriptions and astronomical events.’

This finding dates Ramayana beyond one million years!

Now a recent study by researchers have unearthed evidence that proves the information by cross checking the Flora described by Valmiki in Ramayana in the areas traveled by Lord Rama and described in the Ramayana.

‘182 plants (including flowers, trees, fruits) mentioned in the Ramayan have been found to be true. M Amrithalingam and P Sudhakar, the two botanists working with the CPR Environmental Education Centre, Chennai, said they could confirm the existence of the flora and fauna mentioned by Valmiki in the Ramayan.

“We tracked the route travelled by Lord Ram, Sita and Lakshman from Ayodhya in the north to south as part of their exile to the forest for 14 years. To our surprise, we could identify all the plant species in the Ramayan mentioned by Valmiki along this route,” Amrithalingam told The Pioneer. As a taxonomist, Sudhakar confirmed the plant variety with their Sanskrit and Latin names.

The duo commenced their journey from Ayodhya and reached Chitrakuta’s tropical and deciduous forest. “Valmiki knew his flora, fauna and the geography. What we found was that the same flora and fauna existed in the same places as written in the epic,” pointed out Nanditha Krishna, director, CPREEC, who supervised the project.

According to Krishna, the Ramayan is geographically very correct. “All sites in their route are still identifiable and has continuing traditions . It is not possible for a person to just write something out of his imagination and fit it into local folklore for greater credibility. Valmiki has not erred anywhere while specifying the plant species, flowers and wild animals,” she said.

Sudhakar pointed out that in the Ramayan, Ram, Sita and Lakshman were warned to be cautious while they entered Dandakaranya forests. “This forest had lions and tigers. Now there are no lions in the area. This is because they were killed by poachers over the centuries. But the rocks in the famous Bhimbetka has prehistoric paintings of lion and tigers together which confirm Valmiki’s observation,” he said.

Amrithalingam and Sudhakar journeyed from Dandakaranya to Panchavati and Kishkinda. “We found that Kishkinda has a dry and moist climate which synchronises with what Valmiki has authored,” said Amrithalingam.

‘The article presents a list of plants mentioned in Ramayana one of the two great epics of this country which has been compiled and the probable equivalent botanical names have been fixed. This study will be useful to the botanists, palaeo – botanists, ethonobotanists, foresters, naturalists and environmentalists as well. ‘

Dating of these artifacts recovered from the sites is a challenge to C14,Carbon Dating, as C 14 is useleless in dating beyond 50,000 years.

This,coupled with the systematic misinformation about Indian history by the Agenda filled western scholars(?) Straight from Max Mueller to present day pseudo researchers from the West,the self styled Secularists and Anglophiles,who try to muddle history of India and our general reluctance to study our regional and Sanskrit texts and our labelling them as myth ,without bothering to read them, has to led us to be unaware of our history.

Keezhadi archeological site ,Sivaganga dist. Tamil Nadu.

And the north south divide,the canard of Aryan Invasion and the lie of Tamil and Dravidas being antagonistic to Vedic culture has made us look at Indian history in compartments,looking at Tamil culture,history as alien,against Indian/Vedic culture and treat it as inferior or later to Vedic/Sanatana Dharma.

My researches over the past eight years prove all these assumptions to be wrong.

The Tamil/ Dravidian culture was a part Sanatana Dharma and existed along with it.

It predatess Sanatana Sanatana Dharma, going by the findings of archelogical sites.

For example there are,

A million year old Advanced Tamil site in Chennai,

In Thiruvallur,

20,000 year old Poompuhar site in Tamil Nadu with Vedic Links,

Sites near Palani,Andippati,Adichanallur,……..

Now Kezhadi,in Sivaganga District,near Madurai has revealed a river civilization beneath the ground.

And it belongs to Sangam Era.

Sangam Era is currently dated around 3000 years ago!

Yet Poompuhar is around 20,000 years old.

Tamil Brahmi is older than this,as Cilappadikaram, a Classical Epic of Sangam Era was written, not in Brahmi, but in evolved later Tamil!

In a year-long survey conducted in 2013, the state Archaeology department had identified nearly 293 Sangam Age towns along the course of river Vaigai. “Our field of research included areas that fell within five kilometres from the river on both the banks, starting from the place of Vaigai’s origin in Theni district to the very end of the river in Ramanathapuram district,” says archaeologist Dr. V. Vedachalam. The places were classified as granaries, trading points, ports, habitation sites and living or dilapidated temples. Excavations were carried out at Varushanad in Theni and Azhagankulam in Ramnad.

The excavation at Keezhadi has been carried out at two localities in the farm. “Both the places have yielded different items and we presume they represent a social hierarchy,” says Amarnath. The bigger of the two locations with more number of trenches is said to be a settlement of educated rich people, as many jewellery, fine game stones, semi-precious stones and a dozen Tamil Brahmi inscriptions have been found. “Even the brick structures appear more refined.” Beads of agate, Carnelian and quartz indicate that they had trade link with countries like Rome. The Tamil Brahmi letters found on pottery is all names of individuals such as, Thisan, Aadhan and Udhiran. “They are typical Sangam Age Tamil names,” says Amarnath.

I have written that the present State of Bengal ,India and Bangladesh date back to ancient times.

They are at least 25000 years old.

Ancient Bengal Map.

I had written a detailed article on the Dravidian origin of Bengalis.

Bengal region was founded by Vanga

‘The founders of five eastern kingdoms, which included: Angas, Vangas, Kalingas, Pundras and Suhmas shared a common ancestry. They were all adopted sons of a king named Vali (Bali), born by a sage named Gautama Dirghatamas, who lived in Magadha close to the city of Girivraja.

References in Mahabharata.

At (6:9) the Angas, the Vangas and the Kalingas were mentioned as close kingdoms in Bharata Varsha (Ancient India). All regions of sacred waters and all other holy palaces there were in Vanga and Kalinga, Arjuna visited all of them, during his pilgrimage lasting for 12 years throughout the ancient India.

The founders of five eastern kingdoms, which included: Angas, Vangas, Kalingas, Pundras and Suhmas shared a common ancestry. They were all adopted sons of a king named Vali (Bali), born by a sage named Gautama Dirghatamas, who lived in Magadha close to the city of Girivraja….

The kings of Anga, Vanga and Pundra were mentioned as attending the court of Yudhishthira at (2:4). The Vangas, Angas, Paundras, Odras, Cholas, Dravidas and Andhrakas were mentioned to be giving tribute to Yudhishthira (3:51). The Angas, the Vangas, the Punras, the Sanavatyas, and the Gayas—these good and well-born Kshatriyas distributed into regular clans and trained to the use of arms, brought tribute unto king Yudhishthira by hundreds and thousands. The Vangas, the Kalingas, the Magadhas, the Tamraliptas, the Supundrakas, the Dauvalikas, the Sagarakas, the Patrornas, the Saisavas, and innumerable Karnapravaranas, were found waiting at the gate (2:51)’

Now the reference in Ramayana Kishkindakanda Sarga 41,where Sugreeva directs army led by Angada,which included Hanuman about Bengal.

Bengal , called Vanga desa, was founded by Vanga.

‘The Vanga Kingdom was an ancient seafaring thalassocracy during the Late Vedic period on the Indian Subcontinent, which originated in the region of Bengal. The boundary of the kingdom was naturally formed by the Padma and Bhagirathi rivers in the West, North and East; while the South was bounded by the Bay of Bengal. ‘

‘Stone Age tools dating back 20,000 years have been excavated in the state.Remnants of Copper Age settlements in the Bengal region date back 4,000 years.The original settlers spoke non-Aryan languages— they may have spoken Austric or Austro-Asiatic languages like the languages of the present-day Kola, Bhil, Santhal, Shabara, and Pulinda people. At a subsequent age, peoples speaking languages from two other language families— Dravidian and Tibeto-Burman—seem to have settled in Bengal. Archaeological discoveries during the 1960s furnished evidence of a degree of civilisation in certain parts of Bengal as far back as the first millennium BC.

“Like that Vanga, Kalinga territories shall be searched along with Kaushika territories available on their fringes, then cast about the Dandaka forest all over its mountains, rivers, and its caves, then River Godavari that courses through Dandaka forest, and then the provinces of Andhra, Pundra, Chola, Paandya, Kerala are to be searched thoroughly. [4-41-11, 12]

Some other mms have Matsya desha in this verse instead of the Vanga desha. The Vanga is the present day Bengal and this territory retained its epical name, but while pronouncing it becomes banga because the Sanskrit grammar allows to pronounce or write va as ba by the rule va ba yoH abhedaH and thus it is called Baangla or Bengal as British used to call. Kaushika in some other mms is read as kaashika. Kalinga is Orissa which touches Bengal at its north, and it is the Kie-ling-kia as said by Huet Tsang.’

Some time back there was a comment for one of my articles that there is no reference to Tamil Kings and Tamil Kingdoms in the Valmiki Ramayana. nd that I am making this up only to make Tamil and Tamils look ancient!
Funny that it was nade by a gentleman in/from Tamil Nadu!

Readers of Ramanis blog are aware that I do not promote or align my self to any language or region and I present facts as available in Indian and reliable foreign texts.

The purpose of Ramanis blog is to get rid vof the misinformation spread over thecpast few cetuiries about India and Sanatana Dharma and to clear the cobwebs about Hinduism that had crept in because of not referring to original sources including Vedas , Puranas and Ithihasas.

It is also aimed at sourcing ancient languages of India,Sanskrit , Tamil Brahmi texts along with other world languages cultures and Religion.

I am aware that the other languages of India are also ancient have vast information.

I shall take them up too.

These two languages have been taken up because I know something about these.

Now the Tamil Kingdoms of Chera, Chola and Pandyas are described by Sugreeva to Hanuman and Angadason of Vaali, when Sugreeva directs them to routes to be taken by themthe places to search for Sita, who was kidnapped by Ravana.

These verses appear in the Valmiki Ramayana.

I am providing the text of slokas and translation hereunder.

Valmiki Ramayana,Sundarakanda, Slokas 1 to 49.

‘Sugreeva sends Vanara-s to southward which troop includes Hanuma, Jambavanta, Niila and others and Angada is its leader. Sugreeva gives a vivid picture of the southern side of Jambu dviipa up to the south-most part of passable regions, next to which the abode of Yama, the Terminator is there. This troop is also given one month’s time to find the whereabouts of Seetha.

“Like that Vanga, Kalinga territories shall be searched along with Kaushika territories available on their fringes, then cast about the Dandaka forest all over its mountains, rivers, and its caves, then River Godavari that courses through Dandaka forest, and then the provinces of Andhra, Pundra, Chola, Paandya, Kerala are to be searched thoroughly. [4-41-11, 12]

Some other mms have Matsya desha in this verse instead of the Vanga desha. The Vanga is the present day Bengal and this territory retained its epical name, but while pronouncing it becomes banga because the Sanskrit grammar allows to pronounce or write va as ba by the rule va ba yoH abhedaH and thus it is called Baangla or Bengal as British used to call. Kaushika in some other mms is read as kaashika. Kalinga is Orissa which touches Bengal at its north, and it is the Kie-ling-kia as said by Huet Tsang.

The Andhra is the present day Andhra Pradesh and Chola is the present Tamil Nadu, especially northern area, and Pundra is roughly in between Andhra and Chola. Paandya is south-most area where in Kanyakumari district the Cape Camorin is there, and Kerala is the present Kerala state from Gokarna to Kanyakumari. Its historical name was chera raajya and in Ashoka’s time, it was called kerala putra.

“You shall go to the prosperous Mt. Malaya which is crowded with iron-ore mines as its vast mouths, and with amazing crests and motley flowered forests. Search shall be carried out on that great mountain in the places that are with the copses of sandalwood trees. [4-41-13, 14a]

This Mountain is also called Agastyamalai and it is in Western Ghats from which River Tamraparni emerges.

“From there you shall go and see the divine River Kaaveri there, a receptacle of limpid waters, to where throngs of apsara-s will be making pleasure-trips. [4-41-14b, 15a]

The River Kaaveri is the best river in southern peninsula of India that flows from Braham Giri Mountains in Coorg of Western India to the East draining in Bay of Bengal and irrigating a major chunk of land. Many legends are associated with this river, of which one is that when Sage Agastya was bringing waters of River Ganga, they sprinkled from his kamandulau, the handy water-vessel, and flooded like Kaaveri. The original Tamil name is kakaviri where kaakam is ‘crow…’ viri ‘spread out…’ When Agastya is bringing water it sprinkled from his handy vessel and flooded the kaa ‘the garden…’ in Tamil, the garden of Indra. Then it is called kaaviri, but Shilpadikkaaram records its name as Kaaveri only pulavoy vazhi kaaveri… nadanthai vazhi kaaveri…

“She whose water is overlapped with amazing copses of sandalwood trees and islands that River Taamrapani will be drifting for a rendezvous with her much yearned lover, namely the ocean, as with a young woman who will be coursing to have a rendezvous with her yearned lover. [4-41-17b, 18a]

“From there, on going to the Paandya Kingdome you shall see a fully golden castle-door bracing the compound-wall of the fortress, which is decorated with pearls and jewels, and conduct your search even in that kingdom. [4-41-18b, 19a]

“Then on reaching the southern ocean, and on taking a resolve with regard to the purpose of your task, viz., importance of the mission undertaken vis-à-vis your individual capacities to leap the ocean, you reach the glorious Mt. Mahendra. Sage Agastya once penned its one end in the ocean, and the other end is now visible. That august and best one among all mountains will be completely golden with marvellous terraces and trees, and it will be steeping into ocean on the other side of land, and this mountain becomes the jumping-off point for you vanara-s. [4-41-19b, 20, 21a]