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The cognitive neuroscience of language comprehension

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4. Chimpanzees Several researchers have attempted to raise chimpanzees as a member of the family (e.g., Kellog, Hayes).
Chimpanzee could learn to recognize more than 100 words.
Chimpanzees are not able to produce sounds used in human language.

5. Bonobo language learning Kanzi and Sue Savage-Rumbaugh

6. Language learning in Bonobos Learned a few hundred ‘lexigrams.’
Also learned to comprehend some spoken English as well as a 2.5 year old child.

12. Wernicke’s aphasia "What brings you to the hospital? ... "Boy, I'm sweating, I'm awful nervous, you know, once in a while I get caught up, I can't mention the tarrripoi, a month ago, quite a little, I've done a lot well, I impose a lot, while, on the other hand, you know what I mean, I have to run around, look it over, trebbin and all that sort of stuff." ... "Thank you, Mr. Grogan. I want to ask you a few -" "Oh, sure, go ahead, any old think you want. If I could I would. Oh, I'm taking the word the wrong way to say, all of the barbers here whenever they stop you it's going around and around, if you know what I mean, that is tying and tying for repucer, recuperation, well, we were trying the best that we could while another time it was with the beds over there the same thing ..."
From 'The Shattered Mind' by Howard Gardner.

26. Summary of Dronkers et al. (2004) Medial temporal gyrus important for word level comprehension.
Anterior BA22 important for simple syntax, and basic morphosyntax.
Frontal areas important for working memory used during sentence comprehension.
Angular gyrus needed for verbal short term memory and auditory rehearsal.

28. Semantics Number of propositions in a sentence (Caplan et al., 1998) (bilateral superior and medial temporal lobes)
Jabberwocky versus sentences with content
English: Betsy can eat the apple at this park.
Jabberywocky: Bapfa can eeg the agger at this pilt.
(source: Neville lab, University of Oregon)
Detection of semantic errors compared to detection of other errors

37. Summary The Wernicke-Geschwind model is being replaced by new models.
New models focus on both neural basis and timing of language comprehension, and have moved beyond simplistic divisions of comprehension/production.
rent priorities on cues for sentence comprehension.
In Italian: inflectional morphology > word order > ...
In English word order > inflectional morphology...