Louÿs frequented Parnassian and Symbolist circles and was a friend of the composer Claude Debussy. He founded short-lived literary reviews, notably La Conque (1891). His Chansons de Bilitis (1894), prose poems about Sapphic love, purporting to be translations from the Greek, deceived even experts. Aphrodite (1896), a novel depicting courtesan life in ancient Alexandria, made him famous. His best novel is La Femme et le pantin (1898; Woman and Puppet), which is set in Spain. Louÿs’s popularity, which rested more on his eroticism than on purely aesthetic grounds, has faded.