The red army air force against the Luftwaffe. Stormtroopers

Talking about fighters and bombers, move on to the third component of the triad air shock of the two armies. Moreover, there is also a lot of interesting points. The beginning. We can say that the pioneers of aviation assault began the germans. The concept of dive bombing, which in the 30-ies of the last century actively studied in the United States, played a role. And so as a dive bomber was extremely successful fit into the practice of "Blitzkrieg", the work in this direction began in Germany immediately after hitler came to power. As a result of technical tasks, developed in 1933, in 1935 he was raised in the air plane "Henschel-123".

According to its flight characteristics the plane is not much different from the fighters of the time, but much inferior to the bomber in terms of bomb load. However, the hs-123 was in Spain, where he passed military testing as a light dive bomber. Tests have shown that ju-87 on the order better and more efficiently, and hs-123 was reclassified attack aircraft, becoming the first luftwaffe aircraft in this class. In this role, hs-123 participated in the second world war. Technical harakteristika: 1длина: 8,33 miasmah wing: 10,5 normalna takeoff weight: 2217 chkalova installation: 1 × bmw 132dc × 870 hp characteristically flight speed: 341 km/h (1,200 m)operational range: 860 kerastese ceiling: 9000 skoropadsky: 15 m/vooruzhennikh gunnery: 2x7,9 mm machine gun mg-17точки suspension: 4боевая load: 4x50 kg bombs or containers with 2 kg sd2 fragmentation bombs (each of the two containers had a capacity for 92 bombs); or 2x20 mm cannon mg-ff on the underwing daratechsummit went through fighting in France, belgium, Poland. Was very good in terms of the superiority of the luftwaffe in the initial period of the great patriotic war.

At one time there was a question about the continuation of mass production, but limited alteration in the modification of hs-123в with enclosed cab, power booking, and a more powerful motor. In all there were 265 aircraft that fought on the Eastern front until 1944. A tiny number of aircraft does not allow to speak about some outstanding results. But the aircraft in direct support of troops the front edge nominally the luftwaffe was. At the beginning of the great patriotic war in the red army air force role attack aircraft was given was also not the most modern aircraft. This was the general concept, the role of aircraft in direct support was given outdated and often ineffective machines. It is not surprising that attack the red army air force got the aircraft that in no way could play the role of a fighter.

We are talking about the i-15bis and i-153. I-15bis, modification fighter polikarpov i-15, created in conjunction with the "Henschel-123" in 1933, began his service in 1937 and the outbreak of war really is obsolete. Technical harakteristika: 1 childline: 6,275 normalna takeoff weight: 1700 khmarskaya takeoff weight: 1870 chkalova installation: 1 × m-25v × 700 hp flying characteristicsmain speed: land: 327 km/ant height: 379 km/h at 3500 prakticheskaya range: 520 km (technical)service ceiling: 9800 murama of climb: 5000 m in 6. 8 miniarurization-gun: 4 × 7,62 mm pv-1боевая load: 150 kg for 4 hardpoints (2 x ao-25 and 2 x fab-50)it is obvious that i-15bis inferior "Henschel", and fairly. However, it produced 2408 aircraft, which are actively used in the first months of the war. I-153. As the name suggests, the third modification of the aircraft-15. The development went rather further than the i-15bis, as retractable landing gear and the back. I-153 with confidence can be called the first soviet attack, because already in 1940-m to year, when it became clear that the plane i-15 further upgrade is not worth it, began the conversion is already built and 153 ground attack aircraft. Alteration resulted in the installation of rails for launching rockets. Technical harakteristika: 1 length: 6,275 normalna takeoff weight: 1 765 khmarskaya takeoff weight: 1 859 chkalova installation: 1 × m-62 × 1,000 hp characteristically flight speed: land: 366 km/ant border altitude: 426 km/prakticheskaya range: 740 kerastese ceiling: 11 000 skoropadsky: 15 m/vooruzhennikh-gun: 4 × 7.62 mm machine gun scasna suspension: 8 × rs-82, up to 200 kg of bombs. In all there were 3437 planes i-153. Overall, the concept of acquisition of attack aircraft from opponents was roughly similar. It should be noted that until 1943, when problems in the air at the red army air force was eliminated, similar to the approach of soviet troops was practiced in the future.

Especially in the initial period of the war, when the stormtroopers were used that could carry a bomb load and cause damage to the enemy. An example is long-suffering lagg-3. When it finally became clear that the plane cannot be used as a fighter, as much inferior to all the performance characteristics of german aircraft, lagg-3 were used as attack aircraft. Was built a the "Anti" series (34th series), the number of about 100 units. Instead of 20-mm cannon shvak was installed a 37 mm ns-37. Planes of this series are fought in the 1941-42 battle of Moscow and stalingrad. In general, in the ussr and Germany, came to the conclusion about the necessity of a new class of aircraft, the ability to support the forces, but also to successfully fight enemy armored vehicles. Luftwaffenst realized this in 1937 when he announced a competition to replace the hs-123.

In april, 1937 technical management rlm (air ministry of the reich) developed the concept of armored ground attack against armored vehicles and field fortifications. This class of cars called "Schlachtflugzeug", which can be translated as strike aircraft or the aircraft of the battlefield. The job included the creation of the single machine with the minimum dimensions (to reduce the area of the targeted surface), equipped with two motors and armed two 20-mm guns mg-ff and two machine guns. The cockpit and engines were required to cover anti-armor. In the finals was the model of "Focke-wulf" and "Henschel", the preference given to the latter, as the most corresponding job. Call the 129th masterpiece of engineering thought impossible, though many people today are trying to do. Specifications:modification of hs-129в-2размах wing: 14,2 dlinna: 9. 75 in massa normal takeoff: 4 310 kg engine type: 2 x "Gnome-rhone" 14m 4/5 x 700 hp maximum speed: 320 km/prakticheskaya range: 560 maksimalnaya rate of climb: 350 m/inpracticable ceiling: 7500 voorujenie: standard: two 7. 9-mm machine gun mg-17, two 20-mm cannon mg-151/20 suspension: one s0-mm gun mk-101 or four 7. 9-mm machine gun mg-17 or 4 50 kg bombs or 96 x 2kg fragmentation bombs. The pilots praised the new plane sharply negative.

First of all, displeased extremely cramped and narrow brankovina. To reduce the area and weight of the armor plates, was the most reduced its size. The result is the width of the cabin at shoulder level of the pilot was only 60 centimeters. Small dimensions of the cab are not allowed to set it in the control handle of normal length. Instead, i had to put a short joystick, which soon acquired the nickname "Penis".

In branchline not fit a dashboard with a full set of appliances. Therefore, the control devices for the engines found a place outside, right on the nacelles (perhaps the only such case in the world). Reflex sight "Howl" in the cockpit, too, did not fit. It concluded in a special armored casing and placed on the fuselage in front of the frontal armoured glass.

In addition to overcrowding were noted useless side visibility and excessive burden on the authorities, hindered the piloting and much atalantia pilot. But in return for the inconvenience the pilot gets increased security. With these arguments i had to agree, the more that choice is still not there in terms of comfort the product "Focke-wulf" far away from "Henschel" and flew much worse. However, the flight data hs-129 was also far from ideal.

The most unpleasant surprise was that the "Henschel" made it impossible to dive. Even under relatively small angles. If the angle of decline exceeded 30 degrees, the force on the output became excessive, exceeding the physical capabilities of man. As already mentioned, the twin-engine plane made with the purpose of increasing survivability, so in case of failure of one engine, he could come back on the other.

But during the tests it turned out that the "Henschel" on one engine can not fly. It is a fact. If in general, the concept stormtrooper collapsed. Nevertheless, the hs-129 was launched into serial production.

In the winter of 1940, the wehrmacht and the luftwaffe were preparing for a major tank battles, and in these circumstances, anti-aircraft, even such a poor, came to the court. And to establish any serious mass production firm "Henschel" could not. 870 units coming out of the workshops, of course, his conquered until 1945, the peak of production occurred in 1943-the year when it was released 411 cars, but by this time the red army air force is already reeling from losses, and may well armored and armed, but slow, clumsy and with very poor overview of the attack was always a welcome guest in the sights of the soviet pilots. Not even helped the modernization of the "Henschel" in the direction of increasing armament, when the hs-129b-2/r-3 mounted 37-mm gun bk-3,7 and hs-129b-2/r-4 equipped with 75-mm cannon pak-40.

Flight characteristics became all the sadder. And the last official sortie hs-129 was made on may 11, 1945 in the romanian air force. Romanians bombed part of vlasov's army in the vicinity of prague, who did not want to surrender to the soviet forces and fought their way Westward to the american zone of occupation. "Junkers" ju-87d-3 and d-5да, "Thing" too, over time, came to the attack, and also as a residual. Strengthening the air defense and fighter.

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