Wade–Giles table

This Wade–Giles table is a complete listing of all Wade–Giles syllables used in Standard Chinese. Each syllable in a cell is composed of an initial (columns) and a final (rows). An empty cell indicates that the corresponding syllable does not exist in Standard Chinese.

The below table indicates possible combinations of initials and finals in Standard Chinese, but does not indicate tones, which are equally important to the proper pronunciation of Chinese. Although some initial-final combinations have some syllables using each of the five different tones, most do not. Some utilize only one tone.

Finals are grouped into subsets a, i, u and ü. i, u and ü groupings indicate a combination of those finals with finals from Group a. The following exceptions exist:

Group

Special combination

i

i+ou=iu

i+an=ien

i+ên=in

i+êng=ing

u

u+ei=ui

u+ên=un

u+êng=ung

ü

ü+ên=ün

ü+êng=iung

Most syllables are a combination of an initial and a final. However, some syllables have no initials. This is shown in Wade–Giles as follows:

if the final begins with an i and there are other vowels, it is replaced with a y.

if the final begins with an u, it is replaced with a w

if the final begins with an ü, add y in the beginning

exceptions to the rules above are indicated by yellow in the table's no initial column:

Wade–Giles table

Initials

Wade–Giles table

∅

p

p'

m

f

t

t'

n

l

k

k'

h

ch

ch'

hs

ch

ch'

sh

j

ts

ts'

s

Group a Finals

ih/û

chih

ch'ih

shih

jih

tzu

tz'u

szu

ih/û

Group a Finals

a

a

pa

p'a

ma

fa

ta

t'a

na

la

ka

k'a

ha

cha

ch'a

sha

tsa

ts'a

sa

a

o

o

po

p'o

mo

fo

to

t'o

no

lo

ko

k'o

ho

cho

ch'o

jo

tso

ts'o

so

o

ê

ê

mê

tê

t'ê

nê

lê

chê

ch'ê

shê

jê

tsê

ts'ê

sê

ê

ai

ai

pai

p'ai

mai

tai

t'ai

nai

lai

kai

k'ai

hai

chai

ch'ai

shai

tsai

ts'ai

sai

ai

ei

ei

pei

p'ei

mei

fei

tei

t'ei

nei

lei

kei

hei

chei

shei

tsei

ei

ao

ao

pao

p'ao

mao

tao

t'ao

nao

lao

kao

k'ao

hao

chao

ch'ao

shao

jao

tsao

ts'ao

sao

ao

ou

ou

p'ou

mou

fou

tou

t'ou

nou

lou

kou

k'ou

hou

chou

ch'ou

shou

jou

tsou

ts'ou

sou

ou

an

an

pan

p'an

man

fan

tan

t'an

nan

lan

kan

k'an

han

chan

ch'an

shan

jan

tsan

ts'an

san

an

ên

ên

pên

p'ên

mên

fên

tên

nên

kên

k'ên

hên

chên

ch'ên

shên

jên

tsên

ts'ên

sên

ên

ang

ang

pang

p'ang

mang

fang

tang

t'ang

nang

lang

kang

k'ang

hang

chang

ch'ang

shang

jang

tsang

ts'ang

sang

ang

êng

êng

pêng

p'êng

mêng

fêng

têng

t'êng

nêng

lêng

kêng

k'êng

hêng

chêng

ch'êng

shêng

jêng

tsêng

ts'êng

sêng

êng

êrh

êrh

êrh

Group i Finals

i

i

pi

p'i

mi

ti

t'i

ni

li

chi

ch'i

hsi

i

Group i Finals

ia

ya

tia

lia

chia

ch'ia

hsia

ia

io

yo

io

ieh

yeh

pieh

p'ieh

mieh

tieh

t'ieh

nieh

lieh

chieh

ch'ieh

hsieh

ieh

iai

yai

iai

iao

yao

piao

p'iao

miao

tiao

t'iao

niao

liao

chiao

ch'iao

hsiao

iao

iu

yu

miu

tiu

niu

liu

chiu

ch'iu

hsiu

iu

ien

yen

pien

p'ien

mien

tien

t'ien

nien

lien

chien

ch'ien

hsien

ien

in

yin

pin

p'in

min

nin

lin

chin

ch'in

hsin

in

iang

yang

niang

liang

chiang

ch'iang

hsiang

iang

ing

ying

ping

p'ing

ming

ting

t'ing

ning

ling

ching

ch'ing

hsing

ing

Group u Finals

u

wu

pu

p'u

mu

fu

tu

t'u

nu

lu

ku

k'u

hu

chu

ch'u

shu

ju

tsu

ts'u

su

u

Group u Finals

ua

wa

kua

k'ua

hua

chua

ch'ua

shua

jua

ua

uo

wo

kuo

k'uo

huo

shuo

uo

uai

wai

kuai

k'uai

huai

chuai

ch'uai

shuai

uai

ui

wei

tui

t'ui

kui

k'ui

hui

chui

ch'ui

shui

jui

tsui

ts'ui

sui

ui

uan

wan

tuan

t'uan

nuan

luan

kuan

k'uan

huan

chuan

ch'uan

shuan

juan

tsuan

ts'uan

suan

uan

un

wen

tun

t'un

nun

lun

kun

k'un

hun

chun

ch'un

shun

jun

tsun

ts'un

sun

un

uang

wang

kuang

k'uang

huang

chuang

ch'uang

shuang

uang

ung

weng

tung

t'ung

nung

lung

kung

k'ung

hung

chung

ch'ung

jung

tsung

ts'ung

sung

ung

Group ü Finals

ü

yü

nü

lü

chü

ch'ü

hsü

ü

Group ü Finals

üeh

yüeh

nüe

lüe

chüeh

ch'üeh

hsüeh

üeh

üan

yüan

lüan

chüan

ch'üan

hsüan

üan

ün

yün

chün

ch'ün

hsün

ün

iung

yung

chiung

ch'iung

hsiung

iung

Wade–Giles table

∅

p

p'

m

f

t

t'

n

l

k

k'

h

ch

ch'

hs

ch

ch'

sh

j

ts

ts'

s

Wade–Giles table

Initials

Colour Legend:

"regular" initial or final

Final is in Group a or is a direct combination of:

i+Group a final

u+Group a final

ü+Group a final

Final of i, u, ü groups is a modified combination of:

i+Group a final

u+Group a final

ü+Group a final

syllable is direct combination of initial and final (or follows rules for no-initial syllables outlined at the top of the page)

syllable is modified combination of initial and final

Syllables with final o has multiple counterparts in different romanization systems