In a clear and accessible presentation, Occupational Physiology focuses on important issues in the modern working world. Exploring major public health problems–such as musculoskeletal disorders and stress–this book explains connections between work, well-being, and health based on up-to-date research in the field.

It provides useful methods for risk assessment and guidelines on arranging a good working life from the perspective of the working individual, the company, and society as a whole.

The book focuses on common, stressful situations in different professions. Reviewing bodily demands and reactions in eight selected common, but contrasting job types, the book explains relevant physiology in a novel way. Rather than being structured according to organs in the body, the book accepts the complex physiology of typical jobs and uses this as an entry. In addition to physiological facts, the book discusses risk factors for disorders and gives ideas on how to organize and design work and tasks so as to optimize health, work ability, and productivity.

Although many books cover physiology, they are based on a traditional anatomical structure (e.g., addressing the physiology of the cardiovascular system, the gastrointestinal system, and so forth) and require readers to synthesize this knowledge into real-life complex applications. Occupational Physiology is, instead, structured around a number of typical jobs and explains their physiologies, as complex as they may be. This approach, while still presenting the physiology needed to understand occupational life, demonstrates how to use this information in situations encountered in practice.

Women and Exercise is an invluable resource for all physicians, from general practitioners to specialists seeking information outside their specialty, who need up-to-date information and expert advice about women and exercise.

PhysiologyComments Off on Vitamin C: Current Concepts in Human Physiology

Nov222018

Vitamin C is synthesized by almost all animals. However, for humans, it is a vitamin that needs constant replenishment in the diet. While its role as an anti-oxidant and for preventing scurvy have been known for a long time, novel functions and unrecognized associations continue to be identified for this enigmatic molecule. In the past decade, new details have emerged regarding differences in its uptake by oral and intravenous modes. While vitamin C deficiency remains largely unknown and poorly addressed in many segments of the population, novel pharmacological roles for high-dose, intravenous vitamin C in many disease states have now been postulated and investigated. This has shifted its role in health and disease from the long-perceived notion as merely a vitamin and an anti-oxidant to a pleiotropic molecule with a broad anti-inflammatory, epigenetic, and anti-cancer profile.
This Special Issue comprises original research papers and reviews on vitamin C metabolism and function that relate to the following topics: understanding its role in the modulation of inflammation and immunity, therapeutic applications and safety of pharmacological ascorbate in disease, and the emerging role of vitamin C as a pleiotropic modulator of critical care illness and cancer.

This full-color handbook clearly and succinctly explains the how and why behind disease processes and treatments and the most appropriate nursing care throughout the course of each disease. Information is presented in bulleted format, with over 100 full-color illustrations that show disease development and progression and numerous lists, tables, and flowcharts that highlight key facts. Recurring graphic icons include Focus In (illustrations showing detailed mechanisms behind disease development), Disease Block (flowcharts showing points where treatments halt disease progression), Life-Threatening Disorder, and Alert (possible complications, significant changes in clinical appearance, variations in incidence and pathophysiology, and age-related considerations).

This quick-reference pocket guide succinctly explains the pathophysiology of hundreds of diseases and disorders. Richly illustrated with color art showing disease development and progression, the book gives LPNs/LVNs a clear understanding of the why behind each disease and treatment and the most appropriate nursing care. Disorders are covered in a consistent format—pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, complications, and treatments. Recurring icons include Red Flag (dangers and complications), Life Stages (age-related variations), Genetic Connection (areas where genes play a major role in disease development), and Teaching Focus (key patient teaching topics).

PhysiologyComments Off on Physiology and Pathophysiology of Digestion, Part 3

Nov122018

This collaboration of two physiologists and a gastroenterologist provides medical and graduate students, medical and surgical residents, and subspecialty fellows a comprehensive summary of digestive system physiology and addresses the pathophysiological processes that underlie some GI diseases. The textual approach proceeds by organ instead of the traditional organization followed by other GI textbooks. This approach lets the reader track the food bolus as it courses through the GI tract, learning on the way each organ’s physiologic functions as the bolus directly or indirectly contacts it. The book is divided into three parts: 1) Chapters 1-3 include coverage of basic concepts that pertain to all (or most) organs of the digestive system, salivation, chewing, swallowing, and esophageal function, 2) Chapters 4-6 are focused on the major secretory organs (stomach, pancreas, liver) that assist in the assimilation of a meal, and 3) Chapters 7 and 8 address the motor, transport, and digestive functions of the small and large intestines. Each chapter includes its own pathophysiology and clinical correlation section that underscores the importance of the organ’s normal function.

Histology, PhysiologyComments Off on Histopathology: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology, Book 1180)

Nov092018

Histopathology: Methods and Protocols provides a comprehensive guide to the current issues in histopathology. With chapters on organ-based approaches with specific protocols for morphologic, molecular examination and pathological observations governing the therapeutic management of the diseases.

Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.

Authoritative and practical, Histopathology: Methods and Protocols seeks to be a useful reference for pathologists, pathology residents and fellows as well as to the clinicians and scientists.

Often misunderstood and misdiagnosed, normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a disease of the elderly that is on the rise as the population ages. Its similarities to Parkinsons disease, dementia and other chronic neurodegenerative conditions make diagnosis challenging, requiring clinicians to be alert to the signs and symptoms that differentiate it.

Here is the first comprehensive book on the topic, written by experts who have researched and taught courses on NPH for years. From clinical characteristics and pathophysiology to signs and symptoms, radiographic findings, diagnostic tests and state-of-the-art treatment techniques, it covers everything practitioners need to know about this multi-faceted condition.

Special Features:
• Describes the classic symptom triad of gait disturbance, urinary incontinence and dementia
• Covers the full sequence of the diagnostic work-up, including imaging studies, non-invasive tests, and invasive procedures such as lumbar infusion and cerebrospinal tap tests
• Explains the risks and benefits of surgical implantation of a ventricular-peritoneal (VP) shunt to relieve symptoms and restore function, including key criteria for evaluating shunt responsiveness
• Provides the first step-by-step account of operative shunt placement by Dr. Michael Fritsch, who has performed the procedure extensively at leading neurosurgical centers throughout the world
Including troubleshooting techniques following shunt surgery, long-term management of patients, prognosis for the condition and future initiatives, this all-inclusive reference makes a major contribution to the field. It is essential for neurosurgeons, neurologists, internists, residents, and other physicians who treat diseases of the elderly in everyday practice.

Leading researchers are specially invited to provide a complete understanding of a key topic within the multidisciplinary fields of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology. In a form immediately useful to scientists, this periodical aims to filter, highlight and review the latest developments in these rapidly advancing fields.

PhysiologyComments Off on Quantifying Morphology and Physiology of the Human Body Using MRI

Nov012018

In the medical imaging field, clinicians and researchers are increasingly moving from the qualitative assessment of printed images to the quantitative evaluation of digital images since the quantitative techniques often improve diagnostic accuracy and complement clinical assessments by providing objective criteria.

Despite this growing interest, the field lacks a comprehensive body of knowledge. Filling the need for a complete manual on these novel techniques, Quantifying Morphology and Physiology of the Human Body Using MRI presents a wide range of quantitative MRI techniques to study the morphology and physiology of the whole body, from the brain to musculoskeletal systems.

Illustrating the growing importance of quantitative MRI, the book delivers an indispensable reference for readers who would like to explore in vivo MRI techniques to quantify changes in the morphology and physiology of tissues caused by various disease mechanisms. With internationally renowned experts sharing their insight on the latest developments, the book goes beyond conventional MRI contrast mechanisms to include new techniques that measure electromagnetic and mechanical properties of tissues.

Each chapter offers comprehensive information on data acquisition, processing, and analysis techniques as well as clinical applications. The text organizes the techniques based on their primary use either in the brain or the body. Some of the techniques, such as diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging, span several application areas, including brain imaging, cancer imaging, and musculoskeletal imaging. The book also covers up-and-coming quantitative techniques that explore tissue properties other than the presence of protons (or other MRI-observable nuclei) and their interactions with their environment. These novel techniques provide unique information about the electromagnetic and mechanical properties of tissues and introduce new frontiers of study into disease mechanisms.