U.S. researchers reviewed 15 studies and said they could find no evidence that a diet high in linoleic acid (omega-6) had any links to inflammation in the body. “Our evidence does suggest that you can achieve a heart-healthy diet by using soybean, canola, corn and sunflower oils instead of animal-based fats when cooking,” they noted in their review that was published in the Journal of the Academy of Food and Nutrition (formerly known as the Journal of the American Dietetic Association).

Canola oil was included in the list of recommended vegetable oils even though it is not such a rich source of omega-6 compared to other vegetable oils, with 20 percent of fatty acids being from linoleic acid, compared to 60 percent in corn oil.

Olive oil was not mentioned anywhere in the study.

Olive oil is in fact, low in linoleic acid with an average of 10 percent of fats coming from this particular fatty acid. For this reason it is recommended for cooking since it helps keep a balanced ratio of the two fatty acids: omega-6 and omega-3.

Most researchers agree that there are too much omega-6 fatty acids in western diets and not enough omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-6 and Omega-3 are both essential fatty acids, which means that our body needs to get them through our diet. Both fatty acids have beneficial qualities, though they need to be somewhat in balance in our diet.

Currently in most western diets the amount of omega-6 fatty acids is 15 to 50 times higher than omega-3. This is problematic as omega-6 fatty acids compete for some of the same enzymes as omega-3, and interfere with the health benefits of the omega-3 fatty acids.

The high intake of omega-6 fatty acids in the diet appears to come mainly from the consumption of processed foods, which contain several types of vegetable oils high in omega-6 fatty acids such as linoleic acid. Omega-6 has been associated with inflammation in some studies but not in others.

Important points:

As the researchers mention, the studies they reviewed were small, with the largest one having 60 participants and some having only 6.

The studies included only healthy subjects.

The research was funded by ILSI (International Life Sciences Institute North America Technical Committee on Dietary Lipids), a nonprofit science organization whose members are mainly food and beverage, agricultural, chemical, and pharmaceutical companies. Members of the specific committee include Monsanto (creates corn, canola and soybean seeds among others) as well as other large food companies.

The main researcher G. H. Johnson provides a statement of conflict of interest that he has provided consulting services to the Monsanto Company and Bunge Limited during the past 5 years.

. Apart from a potential conflict of interest in the study, the reality is that western diets contain too many omega-6 fatty acids and to suggest using vegetable oils such as soybean and corn oil that are also rich in omega-6 fatty acids would be compounding the problem.

A high ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids has been associated with increased risk of prostate and breast cancer, increased risk of Alzheimer’s and depressive symptoms as well as problems with reproduction.

The Mediterranean diet is an example of a diet that has a healthier ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids, most likely due its use of fresh food (very low intake of processed food products), olive oil as the main source of fat (low in linoleic acid), and high intake of fatty fish rich in omega-3 such as sardines and anchovies.

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Ms. Paravantes critically highlights that the authors have admitted conflicts of interest with entities with large financial interests. Of note the article examines changes in inflammatory markers among healthy controls. This is not an assessment of increased or decreased risk of adverse health outcomes.

In contrast, an article reporting a randomized controlled trial that specifically evaluated the risk of selectively changing linoleic acid intakes has since been published.

Unfortunately, increasing LA intakes caused and increased risk of death from cardiovascular diseases. Perhaps this is more important than changes in inflammatory markers.

Another reason why all grades of olive oils are a healthful alternative compared to other cooking oils & fats. No doubt extra virgin olive oil is the healthiest, but olive oil also offers the same ratio of omega-6 to omega-3, especially compared to oils like soy, corn, etc. And, olive oil is not solvent-extracted like most seed and nut oils are.

virginia

Good article, too bad about the ‘science’.

Darlene

unfortunately the omega 6 in all these processed oils is adulterated; structure altered and, therefor, non functional as we need it to be. THIIS is the real problem with too much omega 6; it is bad. For science on this issue go to Brian Peskin dot com.