Caption: Albert Einstein. Computer artwork of the physicist, Albert Einstein. Einstein (1879-1955) was one of the greatest theoretical physicists in history. In 1905 he produced 3 papers that led to his 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics: calculations on Brownian motion, the photoelectric effect and Special Relativity. In 1915 he published his Theory of General Relativity, explaining gravity as a distortion of spacetime by a mass. In 1933 he moved to the USA, and worked on the "Manhattan Project" to design a nuclear bomb during World War 2. After this achievement, he became a prominent campaigner for nuclear disarmament.