U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii

Research: Population Surveys

Contract

This is an ongoing action, as the status of the species and their threats change constantly. NOTE: For all tasks in this recovery plan, only the 37 species in the original Kauai plan are being addressed. The other 20 are addressed in the Kauai addendum.

Recovery Plan for the Kaua'i Plant Cluster

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Ha`iwale

Cyrtandra limahuliensis

1

112

Identify areas for preservation

Partially Complete

Prior to FY 1995

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii

Species and where they are protected: Brighamia insignis - none; Chamaesyce halemanui - all are within the Kauai Watershed Alliance, and 4 populations are within Kuia Natural Area Reserve; Cyanea asarifolia - both populations are within the KWA; Cyrtandra limahuliensis - all but 2 populations are within the KWA; Delissea rhytidosperma - 1 of the 2 remaining populations is within Kuia NAR; Diellia pallida - 2 inds are in Kuia NAR, the other 10 are just outside, but within the KWA; Dubautia latifolia - 3 populations are within Kuia NAR, 2 within Alakai Wilderness Preserve, and all are within the KWA; Exocarpus luteolus - all are within the KWA; Hedyotis cookiana - 1 of 2 populations is within the Hono o Na Pali NAR, both are in the KWA; Hedyotis st.-johnii - all populaitons are within the KWA; Hibsicus clayi is not within any protected habitat; Lipochaeta fauriei - 1 of the 4 populations is within Kuia NAR, the other 3 are also within the KWA; Lipochaeta micrantha - the 2 extant populations of var. exigua are not protected, the 2 extant populations of var. micrantha are within the KWA; Lipochaeta waimeaensis is not within a protected area; Lysimachia filifolia is not within a protected area; Melicope haupuensis - all 4 extant populations are within the KWA; Melicope knudsenii - 1 population is within Kuia NAR, all populations are within the KWA; Melicope pallida - the 3 extant populations are within KWA; Melicope quadrangularis - the 1 known population is extirpated, but the area where it was last observed is within the KWA; Munroidendron racemosum - 2 populations are within Hono o Na Pali NAR, all populations are within the KWA; Nothocestrum peltatum - 1 population is in Kuia NAR, all populations are within the KWA; Peucedanum sandwicense - on Kauai, 1 population is within Hono o Na Pali NAR, and all but 1 population are within the KWA, on Oahu and Maui none are in protected areas, on Molokai 1 population is in TNCH's Pelekunu Preserve and 2 are in Kalaupapa National Historical Park; Phyllostegia waimeae - the 1 known population is within the KWA; Poa mannii - 2 populations are in Kuia NAR, 1 is in Alakai Wilderness Preserve, and all are within the KWA; Poa sandvicensis - 2 populations are in Alakai Wilderness Preserve and all are within the KWA; Poa siphonoglossa - 1 population in Kuia NAR, 1 population in Alakai Wilderness Preserve, and all within the KWA; Pteralyxia kauaiensis - all populations are within the KWA; Remya kauaiensis - 3 populaitons are in Kuia NAR, 2 are in Alakai Wilderness Preserve and all are within the KWA; Remya montgomeryi - 1 population in Kuia NAR, 1 in Alakai Wilderness Preserve and all within the KWA; Schiedea apokremnos - all within the KWA; Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda - none are within protected areas; Schiedea spergulina var. spergulina - all are within the KWA; Solanum sandwicense - 1 population is in Kuia NAR, all are within the KWA; Stenogyne campanulata - both populations are within the KWA; Wilkesia hobdyi - 1 population is in Hono o Na Pali NAR, all are within the KWA; Xylosma crenatum - 2 populations are in Kuia NAR, all are within the KWA.

Recovery Plan for the Kaua'i Plant Cluster

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Ha`iwale

Cyrtandra limahuliensis

1

121

Develop management plans for protected areas

Ongoing Not Current

Prior to FY 1995

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, National Park Service

This task has not been started because no other threats have been detected for any of these species.

Recovery Plan for the Kaua'i Plant Cluster

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Ha`iwale

Cyrtandra limahuliensis

1

1221

Determine fencing strategy

Ongoing Not Current

Prior to FY 1995

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, National Park Service

Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control

Volunteer, Contract, Internal Field Assistance

Currently, the small fenced areas are weeded, and large scale control of Kahili ginger is occurring throughout the island. Incipient weeds are eradicated by the Kauai Invasive Species Committee and the Kokee Resource Conservation Program controls weeds within the Kokee and Na Pali state parks. Weed control of targeted species is planned by the KWA for the most invasive weed species.

Recovery Plan for the Kaua'i Plant Cluster

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Ha`iwale

Cyrtandra limahuliensis

1

1253

Control insects

Ongoing Not Current

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, National Park Service

Management: Predator and Competitor Control

Contract

Effective control methods for most insects in Hawaii are not yet developed for use in natural forest habitats.

Recovery Plan for the Kaua'i Plant Cluster

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Ha`iwale

Cyrtandra limahuliensis

1

126

Control disease, if necessary

Not Started

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, National Park Service

The existing ex situ collections are not genetically adequate for these species.

Recovery Plan for the Kaua'i Plant Cluster

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Ha`iwale

Cyrtandra limahuliensis

1

13

Monitor status of wild populations

Ongoing Not Current

Prior to FY 1995

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, National Park Service

Research: Population Surveys

Contract

This is an ongoing task, as the status of the species changes constantly, but it does not occur as frequently as it should - annually, and more frequently for genetic safety net species (fewer than 50 individuals in the wild).

Recovery Plan for the Kaua'i Plant Cluster

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Ha`iwale

Cyrtandra limahuliensis

2

1210

Prevent introduction of new alien species

Ongoing Not Current

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Hawaii Department of Agriculture, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Law Enforcement Division

Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation

Contract

Incipient weeds are eradicated by the Kauai Invasive Species Committee. In addition, the Hawaii Invasive Species Committee and the Coordinating Group on Alien Pest Species are working to prevent additional species from entering the state.

Recovery Plan for the Kaua'i Plant Cluster

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Ha`iwale

Cyrtandra limahuliensis

2

1225

Consider ungulate eradication

Discontinued

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources

Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation

Internal Administrative

This task has been abandoned because the political climate in Hawaii at this time will not support island-wide eradication of nonnative ungulates, which are hunted for food.

Recovery Plan for the Kaua'i Plant Cluster

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Ha`iwale

Cyrtandra limahuliensis

2

21

Identify populations for expansion

Ongoing Current

FY 2012

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Botanical Gardens, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, National Park Service

Critical habitat, and the suitable habitat from which critical habitat was derived, has been identified for all species in this recovery plan. Additional studies are needed to develop more precise microclimate needs for each species.

Recovery Plan for the Kaua'i Plant Cluster

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Ha`iwale

Cyrtandra limahuliensis

2

32

Map alien vegetation

Ongoing Not Current

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, National Park Service

Research: Habitat Status

Contract

This task is being conducted in detail for Kahili ginger and for incipient weeds.

The current knowledge has been gathered mainly from incidental observations during propagation, field surveys, and monitoring. More detailed experimental research is needed to fully understand this aspect of these species.

The current knowledge has been gathered mainly from incidental observations during propagation, field surveys, and monitoring. More detailed experimental research is needed to fully understand this aspect of these species.

Control of alien plants is an ongoing task that may be reduced to low maintenance and monitoring levels, but will never be completely eradicated, especially as new pest plant species are continually introduced to Hawaii and can become established in natural areas. Effective control methods are continually being developed by the Invasive Species Committees on each island and the results are applied to other natural areas of similar habitat.

Recovery Plan for the Kaua'i Plant Cluster

F

1

Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400

Ha`iwale

Cyrtandra limahuliensis

2

38

Evaluate research results and use in future management

Ongoing Not Current

FY 1995 - FY 1999

Other

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, National Park Service